# translation

lexentry: eng/algebraical__Adjective__1
written_rep: algebraical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алгебраический
sense_list:
Pertaining to algebra or its laws. | (mathematics) Requiring a finite number of algebraic operations; the opposite of transcendental.


lexentry: eng/algid__Adjective__1
written_rep: algid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ледяно́й | холо́дный
sense_list:
(medicine) Cold, chilly; used of low body temperature, especially in connection with certain diseases such as malaria and cholera.


lexentry: eng/alginic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: alginic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альги́новая кислота́
sense_list:
(biochemistry) An insoluble colloidal acid (C6H8O6)n that in the form of its salts is a constituent of the cell walls of brown algae and is used as a food additive.


lexentry: eng/algolagnia__Noun__1
written_rep: algolagnia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алголагни́я
sense_list:
A physical condition that causes a person to gain sexual pleasure by suffering pain, particularly to erogenous zones.


lexentry: eng/algorithm__Noun__1
written_rep: algorithm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алгори́тм | алгоритм
sense_list:
(countable) A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem. A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input value and yields an output value in a finite number of steps. | (loosely) A flowchart illustrating a decision-making process for human users, especially health care professionals.


lexentry: eng/alibi__Noun__1
written_rep: alibi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́либи | алиби
sense_list:
(legal) The plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed.


lexentry: eng/alien__Noun__1
written_rep: alien
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: посторонний | незнако́мец | незнако́мка | посторо́нний | прише́лец | чужа́к
sense_list:
A person, animal, plant, or other thing which is from outside the family, group, organization, or territory under consideration.


lexentry: eng/alienate__Verb__1
written_rep: alienate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отчуди́ть | отчужда́ть
sense_list:
To convey or transfer to another, as title, property, or right; to part voluntarily with ownership of.


lexentry: eng/alienation__Noun__1
written_rep: alienation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: отдале́ние | отчужде́ние | отчуждённость
sense_list:
(Marxism) The estrangement of people from aspects of their human nature as a consequence of the division of labour and living in a society of stratified social classes.


lexentry: eng/alight__Verb__1
written_rep: alight
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вы́йти | выходи́ть | спе́шиваться | спе́шиться
sense_list:
Often followed by from or off: to get off an animal which one has been riding; to dismount; to descend or exit from a vehicle; hence, to complete one's journey; to stop.


lexentry: eng/alight__Verb__1
written_rep: alight
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: приземли́ться | приземля́ться
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) Often followed by at, on, or upon: of something aloft: to descend and settle; to land, to lodge, to rest.


lexentry: eng/align__Verb__1
written_rep: align
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To adjust to a line; to range or form in line; to bring into line.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
вы́ровнять | выра́внивать | выстра́ивать в ли́нию | выстра́иваться в ли́нию | равня́ться | стро́иться


lexentry: eng/align__Verb__1
written_rep: align
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: равня́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, reflexive) To identify (oneself) with, match, or support the behaviour, thoughts, etc. of another person, organization, or country. | (transitive, computing) To store (data) in a way that is consistent with the memory architecture, i.e. by beginning each item at an offset equal to some multiple of the word size.


lexentry: eng/alignment__Noun__1
written_rep: alignment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: регулиро́вка
sense_list:
The process of adjusting a mechanism such that its parts are aligned; the condition of having its parts so adjusted.


lexentry: eng/alimony__Noun__1
written_rep: alimony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алименты | сре́дства к существова́нию
sense_list:
(legal, sometimes, pejorative) A court-mandated allowance made to a former spouse by a divorced or legally separated person.


lexentry: eng/aliphatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aliphatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алифати́ческий | алифатический
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Of a class of organic compounds in which the carbon atoms are arranged in an open chain.


lexentry: eng/alive_and_kicking__Adjective__1
written_rep: alive and kicking
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жив-здоро́в
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Healthy; vital; in good health, particularly in opposition to unfavorable circumstances.


lexentry: eng/alizarin__Noun__1
written_rep: alizarin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ализарин
sense_list:
(organic compound) A red substance, 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone, extracted from madder root and used as a dye.


lexentry: eng/alkali__Noun__1
written_rep: alkali
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: щёлочь
sense_list:
(chemistry) One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, soda ash, caustic soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing characteristics are dissolving in alcohol and water, uniting with oils and fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to brown several vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue.


lexentry: eng/alkali_metal__Noun__1
written_rep: alkali metal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: щелочно́й мета́лл | щелочной металл
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) Any of the soft, light, reactive metals of Group 1 of the periodic table; lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.


lexentry: eng/alkaline_earth_metal__Noun__1
written_rep: alkaline earth metal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: щёлочно-земе́льный мета́лл
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) Any of the elements of group II of the periodic table; they are low-density metals that react readily with water to form strongly basic hydroxides, and with many acids to form salts.


lexentry: eng/alkaloid__Noun__1
written_rep: alkaloid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алкало́ид | алкалоид
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of many organic (often heterocyclic) bases that occur in nature and often have medicinal properties.


lexentry: eng/alkanet__Noun__1
written_rep: alkanet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: алкане́т | алкани́н
sense_list:
The dyeing matter extracted from the roots of the plant with water or oil, used for cotton especially but also silk and wool, giving a deep red colour.


lexentry: eng/alkene__Noun__1
written_rep: alkene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алке́н | алкен
sense_list:
(organic compound) An unsaturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more carbon–carbon double bonds.


lexentry: eng/alkyl__Noun__1
written_rep: alkyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алки́л
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of a series of univalent radicals of the general formula CnH2n+1 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons. In other words, an alkane minus one hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/alkylation__Noun__1
written_rep: alkylation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алкилирование
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any reaction in which an alkyl group is added to a molecule; used in the production of high-octane petroleum fuels.


lexentry: eng/all-__Prefix__1
written_rep: all-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: все- | обще-
sense_list:
Indicates complete power or authority in an area. | Indicates that a term applies in a general manner.


lexentry: eng/all-points_bulletin__Noun__1
written_rep: all-points bulletin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сигна́л всем поста́м
sense_list:
(law enforcement) A broadcast issued from one law enforcement agency to another, typically containing information about a wanted suspect or a person of interest.


lexentry: eng/all-rounder__Noun__1
written_rep: all-rounder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на все ру́ки
sense_list:
(chiefly, British) A versatile person, able to do many things well; used especially in reference to being good at various sports. [from 1875] | (cricket) A player who is skilled in both batting and bowling.


lexentry: eng/all-you-can-eat__Adjective__1
written_rep: all-you-can-eat
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вольный
sense_list:
(literally) Offering unlimited food to a diner at a restaurant for a fixed price for as long as the diner continues to eat.


lexentry: eng/all__Determiner__1
written_rep: all
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: весь | всё | це́лый
sense_list:
Every individual or anything of the given class, with no exceptions (the noun or noun phrase denoting the class must be plural or uncountable).


lexentry: eng/all_cats_are_grey_in_the_dark__Proverb__1
written_rep: all cats are grey in the dark
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: но́чью все ко́шки се́ры | ночью все кошки серы
sense_list:
(UK, sometimes, _, vulgar, _, &, _) Sex is enjoyable regardless of the physical attractiveness or social station of one's partner. | (uncommon) Under some circumstances, individual distinctions are not relevant.


lexentry: eng/all_ears__Adjective__1
written_rep: all ears
part_of_speech: adjective
sense_list: (idiomatic) Listening intently; fully focused.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[внима́тельно]] [[слу́шать]] | [[слу́шать]] [[во все у́ши]] | навостри́ть у́ши | обрати́ться в слух


lexentry: eng/all_hail__Interjection__1
written_rep: all hail
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: все приветствуют | да здравствует | славься
sense_list:
Used as a friendly or respectful salutation to acclaim, greet, or welcome someone: (I wish you) all health or good fortune! | Chiefly followed by to (someone or something): used as a salutation to indicate that someone or something is respected or welcome.


lexentry: eng/all_hands_on_deck__Interjection__1
written_rep: all hands on deck
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: все наве́рх | свиста́ть всех наве́рх
sense_list:
(nautical) An order, on board ship, for all seamen of all watches to muster on deck immediately; normally shortened to "All hands"


lexentry: eng/all_rights_reserved__Phrase__1
written_rep: all rights reserved
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: все права́ сохранены́
sense_list:
(idiomatic, legal) The copyright holder of a creative work reserves all copyright-related rights, typically including the right to publish the work, to make derivative works of it, to distribute it, to make profit from it, to license a number of these rights to other people, and to forbid these uses by any unauthorized people, thus being entitled to take legal action against infringement.


lexentry: eng/all_talk_and_no_action__Noun__1
written_rep: all talk and no action
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: острить
sense_list:
(informal) Speaking, promising, or boasting much, but doing little; overpromising, but underdelivering.


lexentry: eng/all_that_glitters_is_not_gold__Proverb__1
written_rep: all that glitters is not gold
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: не всё то зо́лото, что блести́т | не всё то золото, что блестит
sense_list:
Things that appear valuable or worthwhile might not actually be so; things that appear nice might not be as good as they appear.


lexentry: eng/all_the_more__Adverb__1
written_rep: all the more
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подавно | тем бо́лее | тем па́че
sense_list:
Even more; notably, but even more notably in light of additional information, either preceding or following the statement.


lexentry: eng/allantois__Noun__1
written_rep: allantois
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алланто́ис
sense_list:
(anatomy) A sac, having a number of functions, that develops in the alimentary canal of the embryos of mammals, birds and reptiles.


lexentry: eng/allative_case__Noun__1
written_rep: allative case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллати́в | аллати́вный паде́ж
sense_list:
(grammatical case) A case used to indicate movement onto, or to the adjacency of something. In English, this is usually expressed by the prepositions to or onto, as in "to the house," "onto the house." Languages that use the allative case include Basque, Dyirbal, Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, and Lithuanian.


lexentry: eng/allegory__Noun__1
written_rep: allegory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллего́рия | иносказа́ние | аллегория
sense_list:
(uncountable, rhetoric) The use of symbols which may be interpreted to reveal a hidden, broader message, usually a moral or political one, about real-world issues and occurrences; also, the interpretation of such symbols.


lexentry: eng/allegory__Noun__1
written_rep: allegory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: аллегория
sense_list:
A picture, story, or other form of communication in which one or more characters, events, or places are used to reveal a hidden, broader message about real-world issues and occurrences.


lexentry: eng/allele__Noun__1
written_rep: allele
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алле́ль
sense_list:
(genetics) One of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given position, or locus, on a chromosome.


lexentry: eng/allemande__Noun__1
written_rep: allemande
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллема́нда
sense_list:
A popular instrumental dance form in Baroque music, and a standard element of a suite, generally the first or second movement.


lexentry: eng/allene__Noun__1
written_rep: allene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алле́н
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of a class of hydrocarbons having two double bonds from one carbon atom to two others - R2C=C=CR2; especially the parent compound CH2=C=CH2 (propadiene).


lexentry: eng/allergic_rhinitis__Noun__1
written_rep: allergic rhinitis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллерги́ческий рини́т
sense_list:
(pathology, immunology) A group of symptoms similar to those of a cold such as runny nose and sore throat, caused by an allergic reaction to an allergen such as dust, plant pollens or animal dander.


lexentry: eng/allergy__Noun__1
written_rep: allergy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллерги́я | аллергия
sense_list:
(medicine, immunology, broadly) A disorder of the immune system causing adverse reactions to substances (allergens) not harmful to most and marked by the body's production of histamines and associated with atopy, anaphylaxis, and asthma; any condition of hypersensitivity to a substance. | (medicine, immunology, strictly) Specifically, hypersensitivity of class I in the modern classification thereof: the immunoglobulin E–mediated type. | (informal, figuratively) An antipathy, as toward a person or activity.


lexentry: eng/alley__Noun__1
written_rep: alley
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: але́йка | алле́я | переу́лок | у́лочка
sense_list:
A narrow street or passageway, especially one through the middle of a block giving access to the rear of lots of buildings.


lexentry: eng/alley_oop__Interjection__1
written_rep: alley oop
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алле-о́п | алле-у́п | аллей-о́п | аллей-у́п
sense_list:
Encouraging or calling attention to a physical performance, especially one involving an upwards lift or leap.


lexentry: eng/alley_oop__Noun__1
written_rep: alley oop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: аллей-уп
sense_list:
(US, _, sports) A high and arcing pass, catch, or move, especially (basketball) a shot made by a player as part of the same jump used to catch a pass.


lexentry: eng/alliance__Noun__1
written_rep: alliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сою́з | алья́нс
sense_list:
(countable) A union or connection of interests between families, states, parties, etc., especially between families by marriage and states by compact, treaty, or league.


lexentry: eng/alliance__Noun__1
written_rep: alliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: алья́нс | сою́з
sense_list:
(countable) Any union resembling that of families or states; union by relationship in qualities; affinity.


lexentry: eng/alligator__Noun__1
written_rep: alligator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллига́тор | аллигатор
sense_list:
Either of two species of large amphibious reptile, Alligator mississippiensis or Alligator sinensis, in the genus Alligator within order Crocodilia, which have sharp teeth and very strong jaws and are native to the Americas and China, respectively.


lexentry: eng/alligator_clip__Noun__1
written_rep: alligator clip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крокоди́л
sense_list:
(electronics) A spring-loaded metal clip, usually attached to a wire and used to create a temporary electrical connection.


lexentry: eng/alligator_gar__Noun__1
written_rep: alligator gar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мисси́сипский па́нцирник
sense_list:
A species of gar native to the US, Atractosteus spatula, known for its extremely large size (in excess of 200 lbs).


lexentry: eng/alliteration__Noun__1
written_rep: alliteration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллитера́ция | аллитерация
sense_list:
The repetition of consonant sounds or letters at the beginning of two or more words immediately succeeding each other, or at short intervals; such repetition specifically involving stressed syllables.


lexentry: eng/allodium__Noun__1
written_rep: allodium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алло́д
sense_list:
(dated, or, historical) Freehold land or property; land held in allodial tenure, or one's title to such land.


lexentry: eng/allonge__Noun__1
written_rep: allonge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алло́нж | аллонж
sense_list:
(legal, banking) A slip of paper attached to a negotiable instrument to hold endorsements should the document itself be unable to hold any more.


lexentry: eng/allotment__Noun__1
written_rep: allotment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: деление
sense_list:
The act of allotting. | (legal) The allowance of a specific amount of money or other credit of a particular thing to a particular person.


lexentry: eng/allotrope__Noun__1
written_rep: allotrope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллотро́пия
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any form of an element that has a distinctly different molecular structure to another form of the same element, with different physical properties and often different chemical properties. [from 1847]


lexentry: eng/allotropy__Noun__1
written_rep: allotropy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллотро́пия | аллотропия
sense_list:
(chemistry) A property, exhibited by some elements, of existing in multiple forms with different atomic structures.


lexentry: eng/allotype__Noun__1
written_rep: allotype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллотип
sense_list:
(zoology, taxonomy) A designated paratype of a species (or lower-order taxon) that is the opposite sex of the holotype.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
written_rep: allowance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: посо́бие
sense_list:
An amount, portion, or share that is allotted or granted; a sum granted as a reimbursement, a bounty, or as appropriate for any purpose.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
written_rep: allowance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: до́пуск | допуще́ние | позволе́ние | разреше́ние
sense_list:
(minting) A permissible deviation in the fineness and weight of coins, owing to the difficulty in securing exact conformity to the standard prescribed by law.


lexentry: eng/alloy__Noun__1
written_rep: alloy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сплав
sense_list:
A metal that is a combination of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, a base metal.


lexentry: eng/allspice__Noun__1
written_rep: allspice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гвозди́чный пе́рец | души́стый пе́рец | яма́йский пе́рец
sense_list:
(uncountable) A spice; the dried and ground unripe fruit of Pimenta dioica, thought to combine the flavours of several spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves.


lexentry: eng/allude__Verb__1
written_rep: allude
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: намека́ть | подразумевать | намекну́ть | упомина́ть | упомяну́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To refer to something indirectly or by suggestion; to invoke it by implication rather than mention.


lexentry: eng/alluring__Verb__1
written_rep: alluring
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: having to power to allure
trans_list:
зама́нчивый | обворожи́тельный | обольсти́тельный | очарова́тельный | привлека́тельный | соблазни́тельный


lexentry: eng/allusion__Noun__1
written_rep: allusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: намёк | аллю́зия
sense_list:
An indirect reference; a hint; a reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned.


lexentry: eng/alluvium__Noun__1
written_rep: alluvium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аллю́вий | нано́с
sense_list:
soil, clay, silt or gravel deposited by flowing water, as it slows, in a river bed, delta, estuary or flood plain


lexentry: eng/ally__Noun__1
written_rep: ally
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сою́зник | сою́зница | помо́щник | помо́щница
sense_list:
A person who, or organization which, supports a demographic group subject to discrimination and/or misrepresentation but is not a member of the group; specifically (LGBTQ) , a person who is not a member of the LGBT+ community but is supportive of it. | (figuratively) A person, group, concept, etc., which is associated with another as a helper; an auxiliary; a supporter.


lexentry: eng/ally__Noun__1
written_rep: ally
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сою́зник | сою́зница
sense_list:
A person, group, state, etc., which is associated or united by treaty with another for a common (especially military or political) purpose; a confederate.


lexentry: eng/almanac__Noun__1
written_rep: almanac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: календа́рь | альмана́х | альманах
sense_list:
(astronomy, navigation) A book or table listing nautical, astronomical, astrological or other events for the year; sometimes, but not essentially, containing historical and statistical information.


lexentry: eng/almandine__Noun__1
written_rep: almandine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альманди́н | альмандин
sense_list:
(mineral) A type of garnet having a deep red color, inclining to purple, with the chemical formula Fe3Al2(SiO4)3.


lexentry: eng/almond_paste__Noun__1
written_rep: almond paste
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: минда́льная па́ста
sense_list:
A type of confection made from ground almonds and sugar in equal quantities, bound with some syrup or other similar substance in order to form a paste.


lexentry: eng/almude__Noun__1
written_rep: almude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мюид
sense_list:
(historical, measure) A traditional Portuguese unit of liquid volume, equal to 14–26 liters. | (historical, measure) , similar units of liquid volume in Spain and Turkey.


lexentry: eng/alocasia__Noun__1
written_rep: alocasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алока́зия
sense_list:
Any of several tropical Asian plants, of the genus Alocasia, having heart- or arrowhead-shaped leaves.


lexentry: eng/aloe__Noun__1
written_rep: aloe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ало́э | алоэ
sense_list:
(in the plural) The resins of the tree Aquilaria malaccensis (syn. Aquilaria agallocha), known for their fragrant aroma, produced after infection by the fungus Phialophora parasitica. | Any plant of the large and variable genus Aloe.


lexentry: eng/aloe_vera__Noun__1
written_rep: aloe vera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ало́э ве́ра | ало́э настоя́щее
sense_list:
A plant of the species Aloe vera, grown as an ornamental, thought to have medicinal value; an extract, often a gel, made from the plant.


lexentry: eng/alone__Adverb__1
written_rep: alone
part_of_speech: adverb
sense_list: Without outside help.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
без [[посторонний|посторо́нней]] [[помощь|по́мощи]] | в одино́чку | оди́н | сам | самостоя́тельно | то́лько


lexentry: eng/alone__Adverb__1
written_rep: alone
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: оди́н | то́лько
sense_list:
(hence) Used to emphasize the size or extent of something by selecting a subset. | Focus adverb, typically modifying a noun and occurring immediately after it. | Not permitting anything further; exclusively. | Not requiring anything further; merely.


lexentry: eng/alopecia__Noun__1
written_rep: alopecia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: алопе́ция | облысе́ние
sense_list:
(medicine) Loss of hair (especially on the head) or loss of wool or feathers, whether natural or caused by disease.


lexentry: eng/alpaca__Noun__1
written_rep: alpaca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альпа́ка | альпака
sense_list:
A sheep-like domesticated animal of the Andes, Vicugna pacos, in the camel family, closely related to the llama, guanaco, and vicuña.


lexentry: eng/alpenglow__Noun__1
written_rep: alpenglow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альпи́йское сия́ние
sense_list:
A rosy or reddish glow seen during sunset or sunrise on the summits of mountains, especially snow-covered mountains on the opposite side of the sun.


lexentry: eng/alpenstock__Noun__1
written_rep: alpenstock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альпеншток
sense_list:
A stout adjustable walking stick with a metal point, used by mountain climbers and walkers in hilly or uneven terrain.


lexentry: eng/alpha__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́льфа | альфа
sense_list:
The name of the first letter of the Greek alphabet (Α, α), followed by beta. In the Latin alphabet it is the predecessor to A.


lexentry: eng/alpha_helix__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha helix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́льфа-спира́ль
sense_list:
A secondary structure found in many proteins, in which the amino acids are arranged in a coil, or helix, with almost no free space on the inside and all side chains being pointed towards the outside


lexentry: eng/alpha_particle__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha particle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: α-части́ца | а́льфа-части́ца
sense_list:
(physics) A doubly positively charged nucleus of a helium-4 atom (consisting of two protons and two neutrons), emitted as a consequence of radioactivity.


lexentry: eng/alphabet__Noun__1
written_rep: alphabet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алфавит | а́збука | алфави́т | азбука
sense_list:
The set of letters used when writing in a language. | A writing system in which letters represent phonemes. (Contrast e.g. logography, a writing system in which each character represents a word, and syllabary, in which each character represents a syllable.)


lexentry: eng/alphabetical_order__Noun__1
written_rep: alphabetical order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алфави́тный поря́док | алфавитный порядок
sense_list:
The sequence of a collection of items (such as words in a dictionary) arranged in order by position in the alphabet.


lexentry: eng/alphabetize__Verb__1
written_rep: alphabetize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обучать грамоте
sense_list:
(US, Canada, transitive) To arrange words or items in order of the first (and then subsequent) letters as they occur in the alphabet.


lexentry: eng/alphanumeric__Adjective__1
written_rep: alphanumeric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бу́квенно-цифрово́й
sense_list:
Consisting of, or limited to, letters and/or numbers, especially the characters A to Z (lowercase and uppercase) and 0 to 9.


lexentry: eng/alphasyllabary__Noun__1
written_rep: alphasyllabary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: абугида
sense_list:
A segmental writing system in which consonant–vowel sequences are written as a unit, and where each unit is based on a consonant letter, and vowel notation is secondary; an abugida.


lexentry: eng/alphorn__Noun__1
written_rep: alphorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альпи́йский рог
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A long, curved, wooden horn used by mountain-dwelling herders in the Alps, originally to call cattle but now only as musical instrument in classical and folk tunes.


lexentry: eng/alpine_chough__Noun__1
written_rep: alpine chough
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альпи́йская га́лка
sense_list:
A species of bird in the crow family (Corvidae) (Pyrrhocorax graculus), that breeds locally in the highest mountains of southern Europe, the Alps, across central Asia and India.


lexentry: eng/alpine_newt__Noun__1
written_rep: alpine newt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альпи́йский трито́н | го́рный трито́н
sense_list:
a newt of the salamander order Caudata, Ichthyosaura alpestris, formerly Triturus alpestris and Mesotriton alpestris.


lexentry: eng/alprazolam__Noun__1
written_rep: alprazolam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алпразола́м
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug (trademark Xanax) of the benzodiazepine group (8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine), used in the treatment of anxiety.


lexentry: eng/alt-right__Noun__1
written_rep: alt-right
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альт-райт | альтернативные правые | альт-правые
sense_list:
(uncountable) An amorphous movement of right-wing white nationalists opposed to multiculturalism and egalitarianism by race and sex, mostly active on the Internet. | (countable, rare) A member of the alt-right; an alt-righter.


lexentry: eng/alt_key__Noun__1
written_rep: alt key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[кла́виша]] альт | альт
sense_list:
(computing) A key on a personal computer or terminal keyboard used in combination to alter the function of other keys.


lexentry: eng/altar_server__Noun__1
written_rep: altar server
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: министрант
sense_list:
(Christianity) A layperson, often a child or adolescent, who assists a member of the clergy during a Christian liturgy, attending to supporting tasks at the altar.


lexentry: eng/alter_ego__Noun__1
written_rep: alter ego
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: а́льтер э́го | друго́е я
sense_list:
(law) A corporation used by a person to conduct personal business in an attempt to shield himself or herself from personal liability, and which a court may penetrate by "piercing the corporate veil" to impose liability on the person when they commit fraud or injustice.


lexentry: eng/alternate__Adjective__1
written_rep: alternate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чередующийся
sense_list:
Happening by turns; one following the other in succession of time or place; first one and then the other (repeatedly).


lexentry: eng/alternate__Adjective__1
written_rep: alternate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: альтернативный
sense_list:
(mathematics) Designating the members in a series, which regularly intervene between the members of another series, as the odd or even numbers of the numerals; every other; every second.


lexentry: eng/alternate__Verb__1
written_rep: alternate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сменя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To perform by turns, or in succession; to cause to succeed by turns; to interchange regularly.


lexentry: eng/alternating__Adjective__1
written_rep: alternating
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: переме́нный | попереме́нный | череду́ющийся
sense_list:
That alternates. | (mathematics, of a series) Having terms that alternate between positive and negative.


lexentry: eng/alternating_current__Noun__1
written_rep: alternating current
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: периодический двунаправленный переменный ток | знакопереме́нный ток
sense_list:
(physics) An electric current in which the direction of flow of the electrons reverses periodically.


lexentry: eng/alternation__Noun__1
written_rep: alternation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сме́на | чередова́ние
sense_list:
The reciprocal succession of (normally two) things in time or place; the act of following and being followed by turns; alternate succession, performance, or occurrence


lexentry: eng/alternative__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альтернати́ва | альтернатива
sense_list:
A situation which allows a mutually exclusive choice between two or more possibilities; a choice between two or more possibilities. [from 17th c.] | One of several mutually exclusive things which can be chosen. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alternative_country__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative country
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альт-ка́нтри
sense_list:
A kind of indie country music meshing traditional forms of country music with diverse musical styles like folk, pop, punk and heavy metal.


lexentry: eng/alternative_dispute_resolution__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative dispute resolution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альтернати́вное урегули́рование спо́ров
sense_list:
(legal) The resolution of a dispute through negotiation, mediation, arbitration, or similar means, as opposed to litigation.


lexentry: eng/alternative_hypothesis__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative hypothesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альтернати́вная гипо́теза
sense_list:
(statistics) A rival hypothesis to the null hypothesis. Their likelihoods are compared by a statistical hypothesis test.


lexentry: eng/alternative_medicine__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative medicine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альтернати́вная медици́на | нетрадицио́нная медици́на
sense_list:
Any of various pseudoscientific medical methods and practices used in place of, or as well as, conventional (scientific) medicine.


lexentry: eng/alternative_rock__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative rock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альтернати́вный рок
sense_list:
(music genre) A genre of rock music that is normally published on independent labels, comprising of many different subgenres, mostly distinguished by the prevalence of thick and distorted guitar sound.


lexentry: eng/alternator__Noun__1
written_rep: alternator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альтернатор
sense_list:
(electrical engineering) An electric generator which produces alternating current through mechanical means.


lexentry: eng/although__Conjunction__1
written_rep: although
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хоть | несмотря́ на то́, что | хоть и | хотя́
sense_list:
Though, even though, in spite of or despite the fact that: introducing a clause that expresses a concession.


lexentry: eng/altitude__Noun__1
written_rep: altitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: высота́ | возвы́шенность
sense_list:
(geometry) The distance measured perpendicularly from a figure's vertex to the opposite side of the vertex.


lexentry: eng/alto__Noun__1
written_rep: alto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альт
sense_list:
A musical part or section higher than tenor and lower than soprano, formerly the part that performed a countermelody above the tenor or main melody. | A person or musical instrument that performs the alto part.


lexentry: eng/altocumulus__Noun__1
written_rep: altocumulus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: высоко-кучева́я
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology) A fleecy cloud formation consisting of large whitish or greyish globular cloudlets with shaded portions, often grouped in flocks or rows. (Abbreviated Ac.)


lexentry: eng/altostratus__Noun__1
written_rep: altostratus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: высоко-слои́стая
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology) A principal medium-level cloud type in the form of a gray or bluish (never white) sheet or layer of striated, fibrous, or uniform appearance.


lexentry: eng/altruism__Noun__1
written_rep: altruism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альтруи́зм | альтруизм
sense_list:
Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness. | (biology, sociobiology) Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer.


lexentry: eng/alubukhara__Noun__1
written_rep: alubukhara
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альбухара
sense_list:
A cultivar of plum found in Turkestan, Iran and the South Caucasus, commonly eaten as a prune (dried plum).


lexentry: eng/alum__Noun__1
written_rep: alum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: квасцы́ | квасцы
sense_list:
An astringent salt, usually occurring in the form of pale crystals, much used in the dyeing and tanning trade and in certain medicines, and now understood to be a double sulphate of potassium and aluminium (K2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O). [from 14th c.] | (inorganic compound) Any similar double sulphate in which either or both of the potassium and aluminium is wholly or partly replaced by other univalent or tervalent cations. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alumina__Noun__1
written_rep: alumina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глинозём
sense_list:
Aluminum oxide, especially when used in mining, material sciences or ceramics, a refractory solid compound.


lexentry: eng/aluminium__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алюми́ний | алюминий
sense_list:
A light, silvery metal extracted from bauxite, and a chemical element (symbol Al) with an atomic number of 13.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_foil__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium foil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[алюминиевый|алюми́ниевая]] [[фольга́]] | альфо́ль | фольга́
sense_list:
(Australia, Britain, New Zealand) A very thin, pliable, easily torn sheet of aluminium used for cooking, packaging, cosmetics, and insulation.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_hydroxide__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium hydroxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроо́кись алюми́ния
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The hydrated form of alumina, having the formula Al(OH)3; it reacts with bases to form aluminates.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_oxide__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium oxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: окси́д алюми́ния
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The solid, Al2O3, commonly known as alumina; it occurs as bauxite, sapphire, ruby and other forms; it is used in the manufacture of ceramics


lexentry: eng/alunite__Noun__1
written_rep: alunite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алуни́т | алунит
sense_list:
(mineral) A gray whitish, water-soluble mineral, potassium aluminium sulphate; the natural source of alum, KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6.


lexentry: eng/alveolar__Adjective__1
written_rep: alveolar
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альвеоля́рный
sense_list:
(anatomy, relational) Relating to the alveoli (small air sacs) of the lungs. | (phonetics) Formed with the tongue touching or approaching the inner ridge of the gums of the upper front teeth. | (anatomy, relational) Relating to the glands with secretory cells about a central space.


lexentry: eng/alveolus__Noun__1
written_rep: alveolus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альвеола
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the many tiny air sacs in the lungs in which the bronchioles terminate and where oxygen and carbon dioxide are rapidly exchanged with the pulmonary capillaries.


lexentry: eng/always__Adverb__1
written_rep: always
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: всегда́ | ве́чно | постоя́нно | всё вре́мя
sense_list:
Constantly during a certain period, or regularly at stated intervals (opposed to sometimes or occasionally).


lexentry: eng/alyssum__Noun__1
written_rep: alyssum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бурачо́к
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Alyssum, mostly of Eurasian origin, that have racemes of white or yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/amadou__Noun__1
written_rep: amadou
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: трут
sense_list:
A spongy, flammable substance prepared from bracket fungi, formerly used as a styptic and as tinder.


lexentry: eng/amalgamated__Adjective__1
written_rep: amalgamated
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: объединённый
sense_list:
Combined from two or more entities into one specific entity whilst retaining the defining characteristics of the original source entities.


lexentry: eng/amalgamation__Noun__1
written_rep: amalgamation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сплав
sense_list:
(specifically) The production of an alloy of mercury and another metal, especially used in antiquity to extract gold and silver from ores.


lexentry: eng/amaranth__Noun__1
written_rep: amaranth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: амара́нтовый цвет | красно-пурпу́рный цвет | пурпу́рно-кра́сный цвет
sense_list:
The characteristic purplish-red colour of the flowers or leaves of these plants. | (organic compound) A red to purple azo dye used as a biological stain, and in some countries in cosmetics and as a food colouring. See Amaranth (dye).


lexentry: eng/amaretto__Noun__1
written_rep: amaretto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амаре́тто | амаретто
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) A sweet-bitter liqueur originating from Italy (but also produced in Turkey), flavored with almonds and a secret blend-specific mix of some 200 ingredients such as the pits from apricots, peaches, cherries or other stone fruits.


lexentry: eng/amateur_radio__Noun__1
written_rep: amateur radio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: радиолюби́тельство
sense_list:
The hobby or pastime of communicating by two-way radio, often striving for “DX” QSOs that are challenging because of distance.


lexentry: eng/amateurish__Adjective__1
written_rep: amateurish
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: люби́тельский | непрофессиона́льный
sense_list:
(pejorative) Suggesting or reflecting the efforts of an amateur; not seeming professional or polished.


lexentry: eng/amazed__Adjective__1
written_rep: amazed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ошеломленный
sense_list:
Astonished or confounded with fear, surprise, or wonder; greatly surprised (often with ensuing adpositions e.g. at, with, or by).


lexentry: eng/amazement__Noun__1
written_rep: amazement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изумле́ние | удивле́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The condition of being amazed; a state of overwhelming wonder, as from surprise or sudden fear, horror, or admiration; astonishment.


lexentry: eng/amban__Noun__1
written_rep: amban
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амба́н | амба́нь
sense_list:
(now, _, historical) A Chinese official under the Qing Dynasty, especially the ranking official or provincial governor in a semi-independent territory under Chinese rule.


lexentry: eng/ambassador__Noun__1
written_rep: ambassador
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: посо́л | посол
sense_list:
A diplomat of the highest rank sent to a foreign court to represent there their sovereign or country. (Sometimes called ambassador-in-residence) | An official messenger and representative.


lexentry: eng/amber__Noun__1
written_rep: amber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: янта́рь | янтарь
sense_list:
A hard, generally yellow to brown translucent or transparent fossil resin from extinct coniferous trees of the pine genus, used for jewellery, decoration and later dissolved as a binder in varnishes. One variety, blue amber, appears blue rather than yellow under direct sunlight. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/amber__Noun__1
written_rep: amber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: жёлтый (свет)
sense_list:
(British, AU) The intermediate light in a set of three traffic lights, which when illuminated indicates that drivers should stop when safe to do so. See also yellow light.


lexentry: eng/ambergris__Noun__1
written_rep: ambergris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́мбра | амбра
sense_list:
A solid, waxy, flammable substance of a dull grey or blackish color, produced in the intestines of the sperm whale. It is used in perfumes.


lexentry: eng/amberjack__Noun__1
written_rep: amberjack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кашалот
sense_list:
Any of several large food and game yellowtail fishes of the genus Seriola, found in warm waters of all oceans.


lexentry: eng/ambidextrous__Adjective__1
written_rep: ambidextrous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[владеть|владе́ющий]] [[одина́ково]] [[хорошо́]] [[обе|обе́ими]] [[рука|рука́ми]]
sense_list:
Having equal or comparable ability in both hands; in particular, able to write well with both hands.


lexentry: eng/ambigram__Noun__1
written_rep: ambigram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амбигра́мма
sense_list:
A calligraphic design that may be read as the same word or phrase (or sometimes different words or phrases) when oriented in two different ways, usually when reflected along a vertical or horizontal axis or when rotated through 180 degrees.


lexentry: eng/ambiguity__Noun__1
written_rep: ambiguity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: двусмы́сленность | нея́сность
sense_list:
(countable) An instance of this state: words or statements that are open to more than one interpretation, explanation or meaning, especially if that meaning cannot be determined from the context.


lexentry: eng/ambition__Noun__1
written_rep: ambition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амби́ция | амбиция
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) Eager or inordinate desire for some object that confers distinction, as preferment, honor, superiority, political power, or fame; desire to distinguish one's self from other people.


lexentry: eng/ambition__Noun__1
written_rep: ambition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: мечта́ | цель
sense_list:
(obsolete) The act of going about to solicit or obtain an office, or any other object of desire; canvassing.


lexentry: eng/ambitious__Adjective__1
written_rep: ambitious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амбицио́зный | показно́й | претенцио́зный | честолюби́вый
sense_list:
(of a person or their character) Having or showing ambition; wanting a lot of power, honor, respect, superiority, or other distinction.


lexentry: eng/ambivalence__Noun__1
written_rep: ambivalence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амбивале́нтность | неоднозна́чность
sense_list:
The coexistence of opposing attitudes or feelings (such as love and hate) towards a person, object or idea.


lexentry: eng/ambivalent__Adjective__1
written_rep: ambivalent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противоречи́вый | дво́йственный
sense_list:
Simultaneously experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings, beliefs, motivations, or meanings.


lexentry: eng/amblyopia__Noun__1
written_rep: amblyopia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амблиопи́я
sense_list:
Dimness or blurring of the eyesight due to a fault in transmission of signals to the brain from an otherwise healthy eye.


lexentry: eng/ambo__Noun__1
written_rep: ambo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амво́н
sense_list:
A raised platform in an early Christian church, as well as in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic churches. | (Roman Catholicism) A stationary podium used for readings and homilies.


lexentry: eng/ambrosia__Noun__1
written_rep: ambrosia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: амбро́зия | амброзия
sense_list:
Any fungus of a number of species that insects such as ambrosia beetles carry as symbionts, "farming" them on poor-quality food such as wood, where they grow, providing food for the insect.


lexentry: eng/ambrosin__Noun__1
written_rep: ambrosin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амбрози́но
sense_list:
(numismatics) An early coin struck by the dukes of Milan, and bearing the effigy of St. Ambrose on its horseback.


lexentry: eng/ambroxol__Noun__1
written_rep: ambroxol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амброксо́л
sense_list:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A secretolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus, C13H18Br2N2O.


lexentry: eng/ambulance__Noun__1
written_rep: ambulance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
An emergency vehicle designed for transporting seriously ill or injured people to a hospital. [1854]

trans_list:
ско́рая по́мощь | автомоби́ль ско́рой по́мощи | каре́та | каре́та ско́рой по́мощи | неотло́жка | санита́рная маши́на


lexentry: eng/ambush__Noun__1
written_rep: ambush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заса́да
sense_list:
The act of concealing oneself and lying in wait to attack or kill by surprise. | An attack launched from a concealed position. | The troops posted in a concealed place, for attacking by surprise; those who lie in wait.


lexentry: eng/amend__Verb__1
written_rep: amend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: исправля́ться | соверше́нствоваться | улучша́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To become better. | (obsolete, intransitive) To be healed, to be cured, to recover (from an illness).


lexentry: eng/amend__Verb__1
written_rep: amend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: [[вноси́ть]] [[изменение|измене́ния]] | [[вноси́ть]] [[поправка|попра́вки]]
sense_list:
(transitive) To make a formal alteration (in legislation, a report, etc.) by adding, deleting, or rephrasing.


lexentry: eng/amendment__Noun__1
written_rep: amendment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: измене́ние | попра́вка
sense_list:
In public bodies, any alteration made or proposed to be made in a bill or motion that adds, changes, substitutes, or omits.


lexentry: eng/amide__Noun__1
written_rep: amide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ами́д
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any derivative of an oxoacid in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group; especially such derivatives of a carboxylic acid, the carboxamides or acid amides | (inorganic chemistry) Any ionic derivative of ammonia in which a hydrogen atom has been replaced with a metal cation (R-NH- or R2N-)


lexentry: eng/amigurumi__Noun__1
written_rep: amigurumi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амигуру́ми
sense_list:
(uncountable, knitting) The Japanese art of crocheting or knitting stuffed yarn toys, typically creatures having oversized heads.


lexentry: eng/aminal__Noun__1
written_rep: aminal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амин
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any organic compound having two amino functional groups attached to the same carbon atom - R2C(NR2)2


lexentry: eng/amino_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: amino acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аминокислота́ | аминокислота
sense_list:
(amino acid) Any organic compound containing both an amino and a carboxylic acid functional group. | (amino acid) Any of the twenty naturally occurring α-amino acids (having the amino, and carboxylic acid groups on the same carbon atom), and a variety of side chains, that combine, via peptide bonds, to form proteins.


lexentry: eng/amira__Noun__1
written_rep: amira
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амира́
sense_list:
(historical) A member of a wealthy class of Armenian grandees in Constantinople which was in charge of national Armenian matters in the Ottoman Empire before the Armenian National Constitution of 1860 was adopted.


lexentry: eng/amirspasalar__Noun__1
written_rep: amirspasalar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амирспасала́р
sense_list:
(historical) the commander-in-chief of the medieval Georgian army and one of the highest officials of the Kingdom of Georgia


lexentry: eng/amlodipine__Noun__1
written_rep: amlodipine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амлодипи́н
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A long-acting calcium channel blocker used as an anti-hypertensive and in the treatment of angina


lexentry: eng/ammonia__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аммиа́к | аммиак
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A gaseous, toxic compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH3, with a pungent smell and taste.


lexentry: eng/ammonite__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аммони́т | аммонит
sense_list:
(paleontology) Any of an extinct group of cephalopods of the subclass Ammonoidea; a fossil shell of such an animal.


lexentry: eng/ammonite__Noun__2
written_rep: ammonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аммони́т
sense_list:
An explosive prepared from a mixture of TNT and ammonium nitrate; a form of amatol, popular in Eastern Europe and China.


lexentry: eng/ammonium_chloride__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonium chloride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нашатырь
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A water-soluble salt of ammonia and hydrochloric acid, having the formula NH4Cl.


lexentry: eng/ammonium_nitrate__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonium nitrate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аммиачная селитра
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The ammonium salt of nitric acid, NH4NO3; it is used in fertilizers and explosives (notoriously in improvised explosive devices, though its main importance is as an explosive in its own right and in mixtures such as amatol and ANFO).


lexentry: eng/ammunition__Noun__1
written_rep: ammunition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амуни́ция | боевой припас | боеприпас
sense_list:
Articles used in charging firearms and ordnance of all kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, rockets, etc.


lexentry: eng/amnesty__Noun__1
written_rep: amnesty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: поми́лование | амни́стия | амнистия
sense_list:
An act of the sovereign power granting oblivion, or a general pardon, for a past offense, as to subjects concerned in an insurrection.


lexentry: eng/amnion__Noun__1
written_rep: amnion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амнио́н
sense_list:
(anatomy) The innermost membrane of the fetal membranes of reptiles, birds, and mammals; the sac in which the embryo is suspended.


lexentry: eng/amniotic_fluid__Noun__1
written_rep: amniotic fluid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о̀колопло́дная жи́дкость
sense_list:
(zoology) In placental mammals, a fluid contained within the amnion membrane that surrounds a developing embryo or fetus.


lexentry: eng/amoeba__Noun__1
written_rep: amoeba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амёба
sense_list:
(biology) A member of the genus Amoeba of unicellular protozoa that moves by means of temporary projections called pseudopodia.


lexentry: eng/amoebiasis__Noun__1
written_rep: amoebiasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: амёбиа́з
sense_list:
(medicine) An infectious disease caused by the parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica; amoebic dysentery.


lexentry: eng/amorphous__Adjective__1
written_rep: amorphous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: амо́рфный | аморфный
sense_list:
(physics) In the non-crystalline solid state of, or being a non-crystalline counterpart to, a crystalline solid.


lexentry: eng/amortization__Noun__1
written_rep: amortization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: амортиза́ция
sense_list:
The distribution of the cost of an intangible asset, such as an intellectual property right, over the projected useful life of the asset.


lexentry: eng/amortize__Verb__1
written_rep: amortize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: погаси́ть | погаша́ть
sense_list:
(real estate, real estate law, transitive) To alienate (property) in mortmain. | (business, finance, transitive) To wipe out (a debt, liability etc.) gradually or in installments.


lexentry: eng/amount__Noun__1
written_rep: amount
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коли́чество | су́мма
sense_list:
The total, aggregate or sum of material (not applicable to discrete numbers or units or items in standard English).


lexentry: eng/amount_of_substance__Noun__1
written_rep: amount of substance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: количество вещества
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) The number of particles or formula units (depending on type) present of some substance in some sample; SI unit: mole.


lexentry: eng/amoxicillin__Noun__1
written_rep: amoxicillin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амоксицилли́н
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic beta-lactam antibiotic C16H19N3O5S closely related to ampicillin and with similar properties, but more readily absorbed when taken orally. It is used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.


lexentry: eng/amp__Verb__1
written_rep: amp
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: мотивировать
sense_list:
(colloquial, usually, with up) To excite. | (colloquial, usually, with up) To connect to amplifiers.


lexentry: eng/ampelography__Noun__1
written_rep: ampelography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ампелография
sense_list:
(botany, oenology) The discipline within botany concerned with the taxonomy of cultivars in the grapevine genus, Vitis.


lexentry: eng/ampere-hour__Noun__1
written_rep: ampere-hour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ампе́р-час | ампер-час
sense_list:
(physics) a unit of electric charge, equal to the charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one hour through a specified point in a circuit, equal to 3600 coulombs.


lexentry: eng/ampere__Noun__1
written_rep: ampere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ампе́р | ампер
sense_list:
A unit of electrical current, the standard base unit in the International System of Units; colloquially amp. Abbreviation: amp, Symbol: A


lexentry: eng/amphibian__Noun__1
written_rep: amphibian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: земново́дное | амфи́бия
sense_list:
An animal of the Amphibia; any vertebrate that does not have amniotic eggs, living both on land and in water. | A vehicle which can operate on both land and water.


lexentry: eng/amphibole__Noun__1
written_rep: amphibole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амфибо́л | амфибол
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of a large group of structurally similar hydrated double silicate minerals, containing various combinations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminium.


lexentry: eng/amphibrach__Noun__1
written_rep: amphibrach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: амфибра́хий
sense_list:
(prosody) A metrical foot in modern prosody, consisting of three syllables, the middle one of which is stressed (e.g. Jamaica).


lexentry: eng/amphimacer__Noun__1
written_rep: amphimacer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амфима́кр
sense_list:
A metrical foot consisting of an unaccented or light syllable between two accented or heavy syllables; a cretic.


lexentry: eng/amphiprostyle__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphiprostyle
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амфипро́стиль
sense_list:
(architecture, chiefly, historical, of a, temple, or, edifice) Having columns at either end but not along the sides.


lexentry: eng/amphisbaena__Noun__1
written_rep: amphisbaena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амфисбена | амфисбены
sense_list:
(mythological creature) A mythical serpent having a head at each end of its body, able to move in either direction.


lexentry: eng/amphitheatre__Noun__1
written_rep: amphitheatre
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амфитеа́тр
sense_list:
An open, outdoor theatre (which may be a theatre in the round, or have a stage with seating on only one side), especially one from the classical period of ancient Greece or Rome, or a modern venue of similar design.


lexentry: eng/amphora__Noun__1
written_rep: amphora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́мфора | амфора
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, historical) A large vessel, especially a thin-necked clay vat used in ancient Greece and Rome for storing and transporting wine and oil.


lexentry: eng/amphoric__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphoric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: амфорный
sense_list:
(medicine) Produced by or indicating a hollow cavity in the lungs, giving a sound like that produced by blowing into an empty decanter.


lexentry: eng/amphoteric__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphoteric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амфотерный
sense_list:
(chemistry) Having the characteristics of both an acid and a base, and capable of reacting as either; amphiprotic. [from 1832]


lexentry: eng/amplification__Noun__1
written_rep: amplification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: усиле́ние
sense_list:
(electronics) Gain. | (organic chemistry) A procedure used in the nomenclature of complex organic compounds in which the superatoms of a basic structure (a phane) are replaced by cyclic structures (amplificants).


lexentry: eng/amplifier__Noun__1
written_rep: amplifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: усили́тель | усилитель
sense_list:
Anything that amplifies, or makes something larger or more intense. | (electronics) An appliance or circuit that increases the strength of a weak electrical signal without changing the other characteristics of the signal.


lexentry: eng/amplitude__Noun__1
written_rep: amplitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: амплиту́да | амплитуда
sense_list:
(mathematics) The maximum absolute value of the vertical component of a curve or function, especially one that is periodic. | (physics) The maximum absolute value of some quantity that varies.


lexentry: eng/amplitude_modulation__Noun__1
written_rep: amplitude modulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амплиту́дная модуля́ция
sense_list:
(radio) A method of sending information by modifying (modulating) the intensity (amplitude) of a carrier wave.


lexentry: eng/amulet__Noun__1
written_rep: amulet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амуле́т | талисма́н | о́берег | обере́г
sense_list:
A religious article, protective charm, or ornament, usually bearing cultural or magical symbols, worn for protection against ill will, negative influences, or evil spirits.


lexentry: eng/amuse__Verb__1
written_rep: amuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: забавля́ть | позаба́вить | развле́чь | развлека́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To entertain or occupy (someone or something) in a pleasant manner; to stir (someone) with pleasing emotions.


lexentry: eng/amuse__Verb__1
written_rep: amuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: завле́чь | завлека́ть | отвле́чь | отвлека́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, archaic) To keep in expectation; to beguile; to delude. | (transitive, archaic) To occupy or engage the attention of; to lose in deep thought; to absorb; also, to distract; to bewilder.


lexentry: eng/amusement__Noun__1
written_rep: amusement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заба́ва | развлече́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) Entertainment. | (countable) An activity that is entertaining or amusing, such as dancing, gunning, or fishing.


lexentry: eng/amusement_arcade__Noun__1
written_rep: amusement arcade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[арка́дный]] центр | [[галере́я]] [[игровой|игровы́х]] [[автомат|автома́тов]] | арка́да
sense_list:
A leisure establishment, freely open to the public, containing a variety of coin-operated devices, some of which are for amusement only, while others may offer the possibility of winning small prizes.


lexentry: eng/amygdala__Noun__1
written_rep: amygdala
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: миндалеви́дное те́ло | мозжечко́вая минда́лина
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans.


lexentry: eng/amygdalin__Noun__1
written_rep: amygdalin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амигдалин
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A glycoside of benzaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide found in bitter almonds, and in the kernels of some other fruit.


lexentry: eng/amylase__Noun__1
written_rep: amylase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амила́за
sense_list:
(enzyme) Any of a class of digestive enzymes, present in saliva and also contributed to the gut by the exocrine pancreas, that break down complex carbohydrates such as starch into simpler sugars such as glucose.


lexentry: eng/amylose__Noun__1
written_rep: amylose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амилоза
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) The soluble form of starch (the insoluble form being amylopectin) that is a linear polymer of glucose.


lexentry: eng/amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis__Noun__1
written_rep: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: боково́й амиотрофи́ческий склеро́з
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology) A chronic, progressive disease characterized by degeneration of the central nervous system and the loss of voluntary muscle control.


lexentry: eng/an_arm_and_a_leg__Noun__1
written_rep: an arm and a leg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кру́гленькая су́мма | сто́ить це́лое состоя́ние
sense_list:
(idiomatic, hyperbole) Usually used after the verb cost, but also often charge, pay, and spend: a very high price for an item or service; an exorbitant price


lexentry: eng/an_eye_for_an_eye,_a_tooth_for_a_tooth__Proverb__1
written_rep: an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́ко за о́ко, зуб за зуб
sense_list:
(idiomatic) compensation for injury caused by a person, in the form of inflicting of an identical injury on that person.


lexentry: eng/anabiosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anabiosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анабио́з
sense_list:
(biology) A state of suspended animation, especially during extreme drought; the act of recovering from this state.


lexentry: eng/anachronism__Noun__1
written_rep: anachronism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анахрони́зм | анахронизм
sense_list:
A chronological mistake; the erroneous dating of an event, circumstance, or object. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anachronism__Noun__1
written_rep: anachronism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: анахрони́зм | пережи́ток | анахронизм
sense_list:
A person or thing which seems to belong to a different time or period of time. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anachronistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anachronistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анахрони́ческий | анахрони́чный
sense_list:
Erroneous in date; containing an anachronism; in a wrong time; not applicable to or not appropriate for the time.


lexentry: eng/anaconda__Noun__1
written_rep: anaconda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анако́нда | анаконда
sense_list:
(countable) Any large nonvenomous snake of the genus Eunectes, found mainly in northern South America. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anacreontic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anacreontic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анакреонтический
sense_list:
(prosody) Pertaining to the style of the Greek poet Anacreon, who wrote of wine and love; (specifically) designating a metre based on an anaclastic ionic dimeter. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/anadrom__Noun__1
written_rep: anadrom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проходна́я ры́ба
sense_list:
(zoology) Any anadromous fish, a fish that lives in the sea and goes up rivers to breed in fresh water.


lexentry: eng/anal-retentive__Adjective__1
written_rep: anal-retentive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражда́нский
sense_list:
(psychology, Freudian) Preoccupied with achieving perfection, order and control and with collecting, possessing, and retaining objects.


lexentry: eng/anal__Adjective__1
written_rep: anal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: анальный
sense_list:
(psychoanalysis) Of the stage in psychosexual development when the child's interest is alleged to be concentrated on the anal region. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal__Adjective__1
written_rep: anal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: буквое́д
sense_list:
(psychology, also vulgar informal) Of a person, compulsive and stubborn, obsessed with neatness and accuracy (usually in an egosyntonic way), supposedly from not having progressed beyond the anal stage. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal_sex__Noun__1
written_rep: anal sex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ана́л | ана́льный секс
sense_list:
A sexual activity involving stimulation of a sexual partner's anus or rectum, especially by penetration with a penis or other object.


lexentry: eng/analcime__Noun__1
written_rep: analcime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анальцим
sense_list:
(mineral) A sodium aluminosilicate with a chemical formula NaAlSi2O6·H2O, having a zeolite structure, found in alkaline basalts.


lexentry: eng/analemma__Noun__1
written_rep: analemma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анале́мма
sense_list:
A figure-eight curve that results when the Sun's position in the sky is plotted out over the year at the same hour of mean solar time every day. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/analgesia__Noun__1
written_rep: analgesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: анальгезия
sense_list:
(medicine) A process of temporarily reducing the ability to feel pain; the provision of this service.


lexentry: eng/analgesic__Noun__1
written_rep: analgesic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анальге́тик
sense_list:
(pharmacology) Any medicine, such as aspirin, that reduces pain, especially without inducing a loss of other sensation. (Contrast anesthetic.)


lexentry: eng/analog__Adjective__1
written_rep: analog
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ана́логовый
sense_list:
(of a device or system) In which the value of a data item (such as time) is represented by a continuous(ly) variable physical quantity that can be measured (such as the shadow of a sundial).


lexentry: eng/analog__Noun__1
written_rep: analog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ана́лог
sense_list:
(countable) Something that bears an analogy to something else. | (countable, biology) An organ or structure that is similar in function to one in another kind of organism but is of dissimilar evolutionary origin. | (chemistry) A structural derivative of a parent compound that differs from it by only one or a few atoms or substituent groups; (usually, especially) such a molecule that retains most of the same chemical properties.


lexentry: eng/analog_signal__Noun__1
written_rep: analog signal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аналоговый сигнал
sense_list:
A signal that can vary in a continuous manner (as opposed to a digital signal that only takes discrete values).


lexentry: eng/analogous__Adjective__1
written_rep: analogous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аналоги́чный | подо́бный | схо́дный
sense_list:
Having analogy, the status of an analogue; corresponding to something else; bearing some resemblance or similar proportion (often followed by "to".)


lexentry: eng/analogy__Noun__1
written_rep: analogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анало́гия | схо́дство | подо́бие
sense_list:
A relationship of resemblance or equivalence between two situations, people, or objects, especially when used as a basis for explanation or extrapolation.


lexentry: eng/analphabet__Noun__1
written_rep: analphabet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: негра́мотный
sense_list:
A person who does not know the letters of the alphabet; a partly or wholly illiterate person. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
written_rep: analysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ана́лиз | разбо́р | иссле́дование | анализ
sense_list:
(countable) Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory, etc.).


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
written_rep: analysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: разбо́р | ана́лиз | анализ
sense_list:
(uncountable, mathematics) A broad field of study in modern mathematics (often mentioned alongside algebra) which developed out of the calculus, concerned with the behavior of functions, sequences, series, limits, metric spaces, measures and more.


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
written_rep: analysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ана́лиз | разложе́ние | анализ
sense_list:
(countable, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry) The process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts, or the result of this process.


lexentry: eng/analyst__Noun__1
written_rep: analyst
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анали́тик
sense_list:
Someone who analyzes. | A mathematician who studies real analysis. | A financial analyst; a business analyst.


lexentry: eng/analytic__Adjective__1
written_rep: analytic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аналити́ческий
sense_list:
Of, or relating to any form of analysis, or to analytics. | Of, or relating to division into elements or principles. | (mathematics) Of, or relating to algebra or a similar method of analysis. | (analysis) Being defined in terms of objects of differential calculus such as derivatives.


lexentry: eng/analytic_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: analytic geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аналити́ческая геоме́трия
sense_list:
(geometry) The subbranch of geometry that investigates geometrical figures via the mathematical properties of their representations in a coordinate system.


lexentry: eng/analyze__Verb__1
written_rep: analyze
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: анализи́ровать | проанализи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To examine in such a manner as to ascertain the elements or nature of the thing examined; as, to analyze a fossil substance, to analyze a sentence or a word, or to analyze an action to ascertain its morality.


lexentry: eng/analyzer__Noun__1
written_rep: analyzer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анализатор
sense_list:
(US) an instrument for the analysis of something | (US) a person who analyzes | (optics) a type of polarizer


lexentry: eng/anapest__Noun__1
written_rep: anapest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ана́пест
sense_list:
(prosody) In quantitative meter, a metrical foot consisting of three syllables, two short, then one long. | (prosody) A fragment, phrase or line of poetry or verse using this meter.


lexentry: eng/anaphase__Noun__1
written_rep: anaphase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анафаза
sense_list:
(cytology) The stage of mitosis and meiosis during which the chromosomes separate, the chromatid moving to opposite poles of the cell.


lexentry: eng/anaphora__Noun__1
written_rep: anaphora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ана́фора | анафора
sense_list:
(figure of speech) The repetition of a phrase at the beginning of phrases, sentences, or verses, used for emphasis. | (linguistics) An expression that refers to a preceding expression.


lexentry: eng/anaphylactic_shock__Noun__1
written_rep: anaphylactic shock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анафилакти́ческий шок
sense_list:
A severe and rapid systemic allergic reaction to an allergen, constricting the trachea and causing generalized vasodilation.


lexentry: eng/anarchism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarchism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: анархи́зм | анархизм
sense_list:
(by extension) A political and philosophical belief that proposes the establishment of a stateless society as well as the abolition of authority and hierarchy in most or all forms.


lexentry: eng/anarchist__Noun__1
written_rep: anarchist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анархи́ст | анархи́стка | анархист
sense_list:
One who believes in or advocates the absence of hierarchy and authority in most forms (compare anarchism), especially one who works toward the realization of such.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-capitalism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarcho-capitalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анархо-капитали́зм
sense_list:
(politics, economics) A political and economic philosophy that advocates the elimination of the state and other coercive institutions in favour of individual self-ownership, voluntary society, and free market.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-communism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarcho-communism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анархический коммунизм
sense_list:
(politics, economics) A form of anarchism advocating the abolition of the state and capitalism in favor of a horizontal network of voluntary associations through which people would satisfy their needs.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-syndicalism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarcho-syndicalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анархо-синдикализм
sense_list:
A branch or field of anarchism that focuses on the abolition of capitalism through the organization of revolutionary worker syndicates.


lexentry: eng/anarchy_of_production__Noun__1
written_rep: anarchy of production
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ана́рхия произво́дства
sense_list:
(Marxism, politics) According to Marxist theory, the chaotic and volatile nature of all commodity production based on private property, as opposed to planned economies.


lexentry: eng/anastomosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anastomosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: анастомоз
sense_list:
An interconnection between any two channels, passages or vessels. | (surgery) The surgical creation of a connecting passage between blood vessels, bowels or other channels.


lexentry: eng/anathema__Noun__1
written_rep: anathema
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ана́фема | анафема
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical, historical) A ban or curse pronounced with religious solemnity by ecclesiastical authority, often accompanied by excommunication; something denounced as accursed. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/anatomical_snuffbox__Noun__1
written_rep: anatomical snuffbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анатомическая табакерка
sense_list:
(anatomy) A triangular deepening on the radial, dorsal aspect of the hand, bounded by extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis.


lexentry: eng/anatomy__Noun__1
written_rep: anatomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анато́мия | анатомирова́ние | анатомия
sense_list:
The art of studying the different parts of any organized body, to discover their situation, structure, and economy.


lexentry: eng/anatta__Noun__1
written_rep: anatta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ана́тман | ана́тта
sense_list:
(Buddhism) The idea that there is no separate self or soul; egolessness. One of the three marks of existence.


lexentry: eng/ancestor__Noun__1
written_rep: ancestor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пра́щур | праоте́ц | прароди́тель | пре́док
sense_list:
One from whom a person is descended, whether on the father's or mother's side, at any distance of time; a progenitor; a forefather; a forebear.


lexentry: eng/anchorage__Noun__1
written_rep: anchorage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: я́корная стоя́нка
sense_list:
(nautical) A fee charged for anchoring. | The act of anchoring, or the condition of lying at anchor.


lexentry: eng/anchorman__Noun__1
written_rep: anchorman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диктор
sense_list:
(television, radio) The main host of a television or radio program, particularly one relating to the broadcast of news. | (athletics) The most reliable runner in a relay team, usually the one that runs last.


lexentry: eng/anchovy__Noun__1
written_rep: anchovy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анчо́ус | хамса́ | анчоус
sense_list:
Any small saltwater fish of the Engraulidae family, consisting of 160 species in sixteen genera, those of the genus Engraulis being widely sold as food.


lexentry: eng/ancient__Adjective__1
written_rep: ancient
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: дре́вний | старобы́лый | старода́вний
sense_list:
Existent or occurring in time long past, usually in remote ages; belonging to or associated with antiquity; old, as opposed to modern.


lexentry: eng/ancient_history__Noun__1
written_rep: ancient history
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анти́чная исто́рия | исто́рия дре́внего ми́ра
sense_list:
A period of history generally seen as occurring before the Middle Ages, that is, before the fall of the Roman Empire. Includes Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/ancient_monument__Noun__1
written_rep: ancient monument
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: памятник
sense_list:
an old or ancient building or other structure, or a site of historical interest that is usually looked after by an official organization.


lexentry: eng/and!slash!or__Conjunction__1
written_rep: and/or
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́/и́ли
sense_list:
Joins two alternatives to mean either or both; indicates that inclusive or is meant where or alone might be taken to mean exclusive or.


lexentry: eng/and__Conjunction__1
written_rep: and
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и | а
sense_list:
(now, colloquial, or, literary) Used to connect more than two elements together in a chain, sometimes to stress the number of elements.


lexentry: eng/and__Conjunction__1
written_rep: and
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и | а | да | но
sense_list:
Used to connect certain numbers: connecting units when they precede tens (now dated); connecting shillings to pence in a monetary quantity (now historical); connecting tens and units to hundreds, thousands etc. (now often omitted in US); to connect fractions to wholes. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/and_all__Adverb__1
written_rep: and all
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и всё остальное | и всё прочее | и прочее
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Including every object, attribute, or process associated with preceding item or series of items.


lexentry: eng/and_all__Adverb__1
written_rep: and all
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: и всё такое
sense_list:
(idiomatic, informal) Used to suggest certain unstated relevant implications of what has been stated.


lexentry: eng/and_then_some__Phrase__1
written_rep: and then some
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и даже больше
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial) Used to confirm preceding utterance, while implying that what was said or asked is an understatement.


lexentry: eng/andalusite__Noun__1
written_rep: andalusite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: андалузи́т | андалузит
sense_list:
(mineral) An aluminium nesosilicate mineral, Al2SiO5, which can be cut into a gem and displays strong pleochroism, shifting between red, green, and yellow.


lexentry: eng/andesine__Noun__1
written_rep: andesine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: андезин
sense_list:
(mineral) Sodium calcium aluminum silicate, (Na_xCa_xAlSi_3O_8), a plagioclase feldspar, the third member of the albite-anorthite solid solution series. Found in fine-grained andesite lavas; crystals are rarely seen.


lexentry: eng/andesite__Noun__1
written_rep: andesite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: андези́т
sense_list:
(geology) Any of a class of fine-grained intermediate igneous rock, of volcanic origin, containing mostly plagioclase feldspar.


lexentry: eng/andiron__Noun__1
written_rep: andiron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сковородень
sense_list:
(usually, in plural) A utensil for supporting wood when burning in a fireplace, one being placed on each side


lexentry: eng/androgen__Noun__1
written_rep: androgen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: андроге́н | андроген
sense_list:
(steroid hormone) Any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates. A male sex hormone such as testosterone or anabolic steroids.


lexentry: eng/andrology__Noun__1
written_rep: andrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: андроло́гия | андрология
sense_list:
(medicine) The branch of medicine concerned with male diseases, especially those affecting the male reproductive system.


lexentry: eng/andropause__Noun__1
written_rep: andropause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: возрастно́й андроге́нный дефици́т
sense_list:
(medicine, endocrinology) The male equivalent of the menopause in women; characterized by a decline in libido and overall energy.


lexentry: eng/androsterone__Noun__1
written_rep: androsterone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: андростерон
sense_list:
(steroid hormone) An androgenic hormone, excreted in the urine, somewhat less active than testosterone.


lexentry: eng/anecdote__Noun__1
written_rep: anecdote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: анекдо́т | [[забавный|заба́вная]] [[исто́рия]] | слу́чай | эпизо́д
sense_list:
An account which supports an argument, but which is not supported by scientific or statistical analysis. | A previously untold secret account of an incident.


lexentry: eng/anemia__Noun__1
written_rep: anemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: малокро́вие | анеми́я | анемия
sense_list:
(American spelling, uncountable, pathology) A medical condition in which the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen to the tissues is reduced, either because of too few red blood cells, or because of too little hemoglobin, resulting in pallor and fatigue.


lexentry: eng/anemoscope__Noun__1
written_rep: anemoscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: флюгер
sense_list:
An instrument that shows the direction of the wind; a wind vane or weathercock. Formerly, it used to apply to a device consisting of a vane above, connected to the inside of a building with a dial or index to show the wind direction, but today there are many varieties.


lexentry: eng/aneroid_barometer__Noun__1
written_rep: aneroid barometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анеро́ид
sense_list:
A barometer in which variations in pressure are measured using a partially evacuated capsule whose sides move in and out.


lexentry: eng/anesthesia__Noun__1
written_rep: anesthesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анестези́я | обезбо́ливание
sense_list:
(medicine, American spelling, Canadian spelling) An artificial method of preventing sensation, used to eliminate pain without causing loss of vital functions, by the administration of one or more agents which block pain impulses before transmitted to the brain.


lexentry: eng/anesthesiologist__Noun__1
written_rep: anesthesiologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анестезио́лог
sense_list:
(American spelling, Canadian spelling) A physician who specializes in anesthesiology and administers anesthesia.


lexentry: eng/anesthetic__Noun__1
written_rep: anesthetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обезбо́ливающее
sense_list:
(American spelling, medicine) A substance administered to reduce the perception of pain or to induce numbness for surgery and may render the recipient unconscious.


lexentry: eng/anesthetize__Verb__1
written_rep: anesthetize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анестези́ровать | обезбо́ливать | обезбо́лить
sense_list:
(transitive) To administer anesthesia to: to render unfeeling or unconscious through the use of narcotic substances, usually either alcohol or pharmaceutical drugs.


lexentry: eng/anestrus__Noun__1
written_rep: anestrus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анэ́струс
sense_list:
(zoology) In female placental mammals—excluding humans and great apes—a phase of the estrous cycle during which the sexual cycle rests.


lexentry: eng/aneurysm__Noun__1
written_rep: aneurysm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аневри́зма | аневризма
sense_list:
(pathology) An abnormal blood-filled swelling of an artery or vein, resulting from a localized weakness in the wall of the vessel.


lexentry: eng/angel__Noun__1
written_rep: angel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангел | а́нгел
sense_list:
An incorporeal and holy or semidivine messenger from a deity or other divine entity, traditionally depicted as a youthful, winged figure in flowing robes.


lexentry: eng/angel__Noun__1
written_rep: angel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́нгел | ангел
sense_list:
(Abrahamic, _, religion) One of the lowest order of such beings, below virtues. | (figuratively) A person having qualities traditionally attributed to angels. | Someone who is kind or selfless. | (theater) The person who funds a show.


lexentry: eng/angel_shark__Noun__1
written_rep: angel shark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: морско́й анге́л | плоскоте́лая аку́ла | сквати́на
sense_list:
A member of the unusual genus Squatina of sharks with flattened bodies and broad pectoral fins resembling skates or rays. There are approximately 16 known species, which are the only members of their taxonomic genus, family and order. They occur worldwide in temperate and tropical seas.


lexentry: eng/angelfish__Noun__1
written_rep: angelfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скаля́рия | скалярия
sense_list:
Any of the genus Pterophyllum of freshwater, tropical cichlids. | Atlantic spadefish (Chaetodipterus faber).


lexentry: eng/angelic__Adjective__1
written_rep: angelic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́нгельский
sense_list:
Belonging to, or proceeding from, angels; resembling, characteristic of, or partaking of the nature of, an angel.


lexentry: eng/angelica__Noun__1
written_rep: angelica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анге́лика | ду́дник | дя́гиль
sense_list:
A tall plant, with hollow stems, genus Angelica, especially garden angelica (Angelica archangelica).


lexentry: eng/angelology__Noun__1
written_rep: angelology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангелоло́гия
sense_list:
The study of angels. Angels have been grouped into nine categories or “choirs,” from lowest to highest: angel, virtue, archangel, power, principality, dominion, throne, cherub, and seraph.


lexentry: eng/anger__Noun__1
written_rep: anger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гнев | злость | зло́ба
sense_list:
A strong and unpleasant feeling of displeasure, hostility, or antagonism towards someone or something, usually combined with an urge to yell, say curse words, and/or physically harm or cause damage or destruction to things or attack or assault living beings, often stemming from perceived provocation, hurt, threat, insults, or unfair or unjust treatment, or a situation not going the way one had desired or planned.


lexentry: eng/angina__Noun__1
written_rep: angina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: анги́на
sense_list:
(medicine, dated) An inflammatory infection of the throat, especially quinsy; any sore throat, with or without tooth and gum involvement.


lexentry: eng/angiocardiography__Noun__1
written_rep: angiocardiography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангиокардиография
sense_list:
(medicine) A technique for radiographic examination of the heart chambers and thoracic vessels wherein a liquid radiocontrast agent is injected into the bloodstream, then the tissues are examined using X-rays.


lexentry: eng/angiogram__Noun__1
written_rep: angiogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангиография
sense_list:
(medicine) An X-ray image of the blood vessels gained after the injection of a radiopaque contrast medium.


lexentry: eng/angiography__Noun__1
written_rep: angiography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангиогра́фия | ангиография
sense_list:
(medicine) A medical imaging technique in which an X-ray image is taken to visualize the inside of blood vessels and organs of the body, with particular interest in the arteries, veins and the heart chambers.


lexentry: eng/angioplasty__Noun__1
written_rep: angioplasty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гончарное дело
sense_list:
(surgery) The mechanical widening of a narrowed or totally obstructed blood vessel generally caused by atheroma.


lexentry: eng/angiosperm__Noun__1
written_rep: angiosperm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: покрытосеменно́е расте́ние | цветко́вое расте́ние
sense_list:
(botany) Any plant of the clade Angiosperms, characterized by having ovules enclosed in an ovary; a flowering plant.


lexentry: eng/angiotensin__Noun__1
written_rep: angiotensin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангиотензин
sense_list:
(hormone) Any of several polypeptides that narrow blood vessels and thus regulate arterial pressure.


lexentry: eng/angklung__Noun__1
written_rep: angklung
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангклунг
sense_list:
A percussion instrument, originally from Indonesia, made of two or more bamboo tubes attached to a bamboo frame, which is shaken.


lexentry: eng/angle__Noun__1
written_rep: angle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: у́гол | угол
sense_list:
(geometry) A figure formed by two rays which start from a common point (a plane angle) or by three planes that intersect (a solid angle). | (geometry) The measure of such a figure. In the case of a plane angle, this is the ratio (or proportional to the ratio) of the arc length to the radius of a section of a circle cut by the two rays, centered at their common point. In the case of a solid angle, this is the ratio of the surface area to the square of the radius of the section of a sphere. | A corner where two walls intersect.


lexentry: eng/angle_bracket__Noun__1
written_rep: angle bracket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: углова́я ско́бка
sense_list:
(terminology) Either of a pair of symbols, 〈 〉, used to enclose the name of the domain in which a concept and a term is used. | (typography, mathematics) Either of a pair of symbols, ⟨ ⟩, used to enclose text in various technical contexts, and in mathematical formulas to denote an interval, a continuous parameter or an inner product.


lexentry: eng/angle_grinder__Noun__1
written_rep: angle grinder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: болга́рка | углова́я шлифова́льная маши́на
sense_list:
A usually hand-held grinder which uses a pair of internal gears to place the rotational axis of the grinding or cutting wheel perpendicular to that of the driving motor.


lexentry: eng/angle_of_attack__Noun__1
written_rep: angle of attack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: у́гол ата́ки
sense_list:
(aeronautics) The angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the airflow over it; one of the determiners of the amount of lift produced by an airfoil.


lexentry: eng/anglerfish__Noun__1
written_rep: anglerfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ры́ба-уди́льщик
sense_list:
Any fish of the bony fish order Lophiiformes, which have an outgrowth they wiggle to lure and catch their prey.


lexentry: eng/anglicisation__Noun__1
written_rep: anglicisation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: англиза́ция | англифика́ция | англициза́ция
sense_list:
The process by which something or someone (usually a word) is made more English. Usually applied to language or culture.


lexentry: eng/angora__Noun__1
written_rep: angora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Ангорский кро́лик
sense_list:
A rabbit belonging to the Angora rabbit breed, one of the oldest domestic breeds of rabbits in the world, raised chiefly in Europe for its silky and long hair (a subspecies of the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus).


lexentry: eng/angst__Noun__1
written_rep: angst
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: беспоко́йство | трево́га
sense_list:
A feeling of acute but vague anxiety or apprehension often accompanied by depression, especially philosophical anxiety.


lexentry: eng/angstrom__Noun__1
written_rep: angstrom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́нгстрем | ангстрем
sense_list:
(physics, metrology) A unit of length equal to 10−10 meters (that is, one ten-billionth of a meter), approximately the size of an atom, and denoted by the symbol Å, used especially to measure the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation or distances between atoms.


lexentry: eng/angular_mil__Noun__1
written_rep: angular mil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мил
sense_list:
(military) A unit of angular measurement equal to 1/6400 of a complete circle. At 1000 metres one mil subtends about one metre (~0,98 m). Also 1/6000 and 1/6300 are used in other countries.


lexentry: eng/angular_momentum__Noun__1
written_rep: angular momentum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моме́нт и́мпульса
sense_list:
(physics) The vector product that describes the rotary inertia of a system about an axis and is conserved in a closed system. For an isolated rigid body, it is a measure of the extent to which an object will continue to rotate in the absence of an applied torque.


lexentry: eng/angular_velocity__Noun__1
written_rep: angular velocity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: углова́я ско́рость | угловая скорость
sense_list:
(mathematics, physics) The angle turned, per unit time, by a body rotating about an axis; the rate of rotation through an angle.


lexentry: eng/angélique__Noun__1
written_rep: angélique
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангельский
sense_list:
A plucked bowl lute with two necks and most often sixteen strings, played in the manner of a harp, and popular in Baroque Europe.


lexentry: eng/anhedonia__Noun__1
written_rep: anhedonia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангедония
sense_list:
(symptom, psychiatry) The inability to feel pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable, such as exercise, hobbies, music, sexual activities or social interactions.


lexentry: eng/anhinga__Noun__1
written_rep: anhinga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: америка́нская змееше́йка
sense_list:
A fish-eating bird (Anhinga anhinga) of the Americas with a thin, pointed bill and a long, thin neck.


lexentry: eng/anhydride__Noun__1
written_rep: anhydride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ангидрид
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any compound formally derived from another (or from others) by the loss of a water molecule, especially acid anhydrides.


lexentry: eng/anicca__Noun__1
written_rep: anicca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ани́тья | ани́чча | бре́нность
sense_list:
(Buddhism) Impermanence, the doctrine claiming that all of conditioned existence, without exception, is transient. One of the three marks of existence.


lexentry: eng/aniline__Noun__1
written_rep: aniline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анили́н | анилин
sense_list:
(organic compound) The simplest aromatic amine, C6H5NH2, synthesized by the reduction of nitrobenzene; it is a colourless oily basic poisonous liquid used in the manufacture of dyes and pharmaceuticals.


lexentry: eng/animal__Noun__1
written_rep: animal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зверь | живо́тное | животи́на | скоти́на | тварь
sense_list:
(science) Any member of the kingdom Animalia of multicellular organisms that are usually mobile, whose cells are not encased in a rigid cell wall (distinguishing them from plants and fungi) and which derive energy solely from the consumption of other organisms (further distinguishing them from plants).


lexentry: eng/animal_feed__Noun__1
written_rep: animal feed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корм для животных
sense_list:
Material, of an animal or most often vegetable origin, prepared (especially industrially) as feed for domestic or farm animals.


lexentry: eng/animal_husbandry__Noun__1
written_rep: animal husbandry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: животново́дство
sense_list:
The management and care of farm animals by humans for profit, in which genetic qualities and behaviour, considered to be advantageous to humans, are further developed.


lexentry: eng/animal_rights__Noun__1
written_rep: animal rights
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: права́ живо́тных
sense_list:
Certain fundamental rights that animals are entitled to, such as the right to be spared undue suffering.


lexentry: eng/animal_science__Noun__1
written_rep: animal science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нау́ка о живо́тных
sense_list:
The academic discipline which examines the biology of animals typically under the control of humans such as livestock and domestic animals.


lexentry: eng/animal_shelter__Noun__1
written_rep: animal shelter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приют для животных
sense_list:
An organization that provides temporary homes for stray pet animals. | A facility providing such shelter.


lexentry: eng/animated_cartoon__Noun__1
written_rep: animated cartoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мультфильм
sense_list:
Any of several types of film / movie, the frames of which are drawn by hand in order to give a sense of movement when projected in rapid sequence.


lexentry: eng/animation__Noun__1
written_rep: animation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: анима́ция | мультиплика́ция | одушевле́ние | оживле́ние
sense_list:
(animation, in the sense of a cartoon) A sequence of still drawings or inanimate objects displayed in rapid succession to create the illusion of movement in motion pictures or computer graphics; the object (film, computer game, etc.) produced


lexentry: eng/anime__Noun__1
written_rep: anime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[япо́нский]] [[мультфи́льм]] | аниме́ | анимэ́
sense_list:
(uncountable) An artistic style originating in, and associated with, Japanese animation, and that has also been adopted by a comparatively low number of animated works from other countries. | (countable) An animated work that originated in Japan, regardless of the artistic style.


lexentry: eng/anise__Noun__1
written_rep: anise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ани́с | анис
sense_list:
An umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella anisum) growing naturally in Egypt, and cultivated in Spain, Malta, etc., for its carminative and aromatic seeds, which are used as a spice. It has a licorice scent.


lexentry: eng/aniseed__Noun__1
written_rep: aniseed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ани́с | [[анисовый|ани́совое]] [[се́мя]] | плод [[анис|ани́са]]
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) The seed-like fruit of the anise, used in baking and in the flavouring of liqueurs such as ouzo.


lexentry: eng/anisophylly__Noun__1
written_rep: anisophylly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анизофиллия
sense_list:
(botany) The growing by a plant of leaves in pairs with a significant difference in size between the two.


lexentry: eng/anisotropic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anisotropic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анизотропный
sense_list:
(physics, mathematics) Having properties that differ according to the direction of measurement; exhibiting anisotropy.


lexentry: eng/ankerite__Noun__1
written_rep: ankerite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анкерит
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of a group of mixed carbonate minerals, principally of calcium with iron, magnesium and manganese.


lexentry: eng/ankh__Noun__1
written_rep: ankh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анх | анкх
sense_list:
A cross shaped like a T with a loop at the top, the Egyptian hieroglyph representing the Egyptian triliteral ꜥnḫ and often used as an amulet or charm for this concept.


lexentry: eng/ankle__Noun__1
written_rep: ankle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лоды́жка | щи́колотка | щиколотка
sense_list:
The skeletal joint which connects the foot with the leg; the uppermost portion of the foot and lowermost portion of the leg, which contain this skeletal joint.


lexentry: eng/ankle_monitor__Noun__1
written_rep: ankle monitor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: электро́нный брасле́т
sense_list:
A device that individuals under house arrest or parole are often required to wear to track their location.


lexentry: eng/anklebone__Noun__1
written_rep: anklebone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тара́нная кость
sense_list:
The bone of the ankle, forming the lower part of the ankle joint and joining with the tibia and fibula.


lexentry: eng/ankyloglossia__Noun__1
written_rep: ankyloglossia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скороговорка
sense_list:
(medicine) A congenital oral anomaly in which the lingual frenulum is unusually short and thick, decreasing mobility of the tongue and affecting eating, speech, etc.


lexentry: eng/ankylosaurus__Noun__1
written_rep: ankylosaurus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анкилозавр
sense_list:
A large herbivorous dinosaur, of genus Ankylosaurus, that lived in the Cretaceous period, noted for its heavy armor and club-like tail.


lexentry: eng/ankylosing_spondylitis__Noun__1
written_rep: ankylosing spondylitis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анкилози́рующий спондили́т | анкилози́рующий спондилоартри́т | боле́знь Бе́хтерева
sense_list:
(disease) A particular arthritis disease that affects usually the joints between vertebrae and the sacroiliac joint.


lexentry: eng/anlaut__Noun__1
written_rep: anlaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инициа́ль | нача́льный звук
sense_list:
(linguistics) The first sound of a word (word-initial position) or syllable (syllable-initial position).


lexentry: eng/annals__Noun__2
written_rep: annals
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анна́лы | ле́топись
sense_list:
A relation of events in chronological order, each event being recorded under the year in which it happened. | A periodic publication, containing records of discoveries, transactions of societies, etc.


lexentry: eng/annatto__Noun__1
written_rep: annatto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анна́то
sense_list:
(countable) A tropical American evergreen shrub, Bixa orellana; the lipstick tree; the fruit of the tree. | (uncountable) The seed of this tree used as a colouring or in Latin American cooking, containing bixin.


lexentry: eng/anneal__Verb__1
written_rep: anneal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отжига́ть
sense_list:
(metallurgy) To subject to great heat and then (often slow) cooling, and sometimes reheating and further cooling, for the purpose of rendering less brittle; to temper; to toughen.


lexentry: eng/annealing__Noun__1
written_rep: annealing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́тжиг
sense_list:
The heating of solid metal or glass to high temperatures and cooling it slowly so that its particles arrange into a defined lattice to remove residual stress.


lexentry: eng/annelid__Noun__1
written_rep: annelid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аннели́д | ко́льчатый червь
sense_list:
Any of various wormlike animals, of the phylum Annelida, having a segmented body; they include the earthworm and the leech.


lexentry: eng/annihilate__Verb__1
written_rep: annihilate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: аннигилировать
sense_list:
(particle physics) To react with antimatter, producing gamma radiation and (for higher-mass reactants, especially composite particles such as protons) lighter particles (such as pions, muons, and neutrinos).


lexentry: eng/anniversary__Noun__1
written_rep: anniversary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: годовщи́на | юбиле́й | годовщина
sense_list:
A day that is an exact number of years (to the day) since a given significant event occurred. Often preceded by an ordinal number indicating the number of years.


lexentry: eng/annoy__Verb__1
written_rep: annoy
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беспоко́ить | докуча́ть | досажда́ть | надое́сть | надоеда́ть | раздража́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To disturb or irritate, especially by continued or repeated acts; to bother with unpleasant deeds.


lexentry: eng/annual__Adjective__1
written_rep: annual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: годи́чный | годово́й | ежего́дный | одноле́тний
sense_list:
Of, for, or relating to a whole year, often as a recurring cycle; determined or reckoned by the year; accumulating in the course of a year; performed, executed, or completed over the course of a year. See also circannual.


lexentry: eng/annual__Noun__1
written_rep: annual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ежего́дник
sense_list:
An annual publication; a book, periodical, journal, report, comic book, yearbook, etc., which is published serially once a year, which may or may not be in addition to regular weekly or monthly publication.


lexentry: eng/annual_leave__Noun__1
written_rep: annual leave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отпуск
sense_list:
(workplace) Amount of time expressed as the number of days per year that an employee is entitled to be away from work.


lexentry: eng/annual_report__Noun__1
written_rep: annual report
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[годово́й]] отчёт
sense_list:
(legal) In business law, a comprehensive report on a the activities of a company throughout the preceding year, generally produced in compliance with requirements established by government agencies.


lexentry: eng/annuity__Noun__1
written_rep: annuity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рента
sense_list:
(insurance, pensions) A right to receive amounts of money regularly over a certain fixed period, in perpetuity, or, especially, over the remaining life or lives of one or more beneficiaries.


lexentry: eng/annular_eclipse__Noun__1
written_rep: annular eclipse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кольцеобра́зное затме́ние
sense_list:
(astronomy) a solar eclipse in which the thin outer disk of the sun can be seen as a ring around the moon


lexentry: eng/annulus__Noun__1
written_rep: annulus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: кольцо́
sense_list:
(botany) A structure surrounding a sporangium (or part of it) which shrinks and causes it to rupture for spore dispersal; specifically, in a fern: a structure around about two-thirds of the sporangium consisting of differentially thick-walled cells which dry and distort the sporangium; and in a moss: a complete ring of cells around the tip of the sporangium which dissolves to cause the tip to detach. | (geometry) The region in a plane between two concentric circles of different radii. | (topology) Any topological space homeomorphic to the region in a plane between two concentric circles of different radii.


lexentry: eng/anoa__Noun__1
written_rep: anoa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ано́а
sense_list:
Either of two related species of small Indonesian water buffalo similar in appearance to deer; Bubalus quarlesi or Bubalus depressicornis.


lexentry: eng/anocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: anocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анократия
sense_list:
(politics) A political system which is neither fully democratic nor fully autocratic, often being vulnerable to political instability.


lexentry: eng/anode__Noun__1
written_rep: anode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ано́д | анод
sense_list:
(electricity) An electrode, of a cell or other electrically polarized device, through which a positive current of electricity flows inwards (and thus, electrons flow outwards). It can have either a positive or a negative voltage with respect to cathode of the same polarized device (depending on whether the device is a load or a source, respectively).


lexentry: eng/anodontia__Noun__1
written_rep: anodontia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: адентия
sense_list:
(dentistry, teratology) The congenital absence of some or all primary or permanent teeth, caused by a rare genetic disorder.


lexentry: eng/anodyne__Adjective__1
written_rep: anodyne
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: безоби́дный
sense_list:
(by extension) Noncontentious, blandly agreeable, unlikely to cause offence or debate. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/anoint__Verb__1
written_rep: anoint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ма́зать | пома́зать | пома́зывать
sense_list:
(transitive) To apply oil to or to pour oil upon, etc., as a sacred rite, especially for consecration.


lexentry: eng/anole__Noun__1
written_rep: anole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анолис | анолисы
sense_list:
Any of the family Dactyloidae of chiefly arboreal dactyloid lizards native to the Americas, which feature a brightly colored dewlap and the ability to change color.


lexentry: eng/anon__Noun__1
written_rep: anon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ано́н
sense_list:
An anonymous person, traditionally especially a published author but now especially an internet rando.


lexentry: eng/anopheles__Noun__1
written_rep: anopheles
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ано́фелес | маляри́йный кома́р
sense_list:
(entomology, loosely, also, attributive) A mosquito of the genus Anopheles, some insects of which transmit various parasites of the genus Plasmodium that are the cause of malaria.


lexentry: eng/anorthosite__Noun__1
written_rep: anorthosite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анортози́т
sense_list:
(rock) A phaneritic, intrusive igneous rock characterized by a predominance of plagioclase feldspar.


lexentry: eng/another__Determiner__1
written_rep: another
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: друго́й | ещё оди́н
sense_list:
One more further, in addition to the quantity by then; a second or additional one, similar in likeness or in effect.


lexentry: eng/anoxia__Noun__1
written_rep: anoxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анокси́я
sense_list:
(ecology, pathology) A condition in which a body tissue or an environment is severely or totally deprived of oxygen; severe hypoxia.


lexentry: eng/ansible__Noun__1
written_rep: ansible
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ансибл | аппарат мгновенной связи
sense_list:
(science fiction) A hypothetical device that enables users to communicate instantaneously across great distances; that is, a faster-than-light communication device.


lexentry: eng/answer__Noun__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: отве́т | о́тповедь | ответ
sense_list:
(legal) A document filed in response to a complaint, responding to each point raised in the complaint and raising counterpoints.


lexentry: eng/answer__Verb__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: отве́тить | отвеча́ть
sense_list:
(legal) To file a document in response to a complaint. | To correspond to; to be in harmony with; to be in agreement with.


lexentry: eng/answer__Verb__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: отвеча́ть | отве́тить | соотве́тствовать
sense_list:
To be or act in conformity, or by way of accommodation, correspondence, relation, or proportion; to conform; to correspond; to suit; usually with to.


lexentry: eng/answer__Verb__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 14
trans_list: отвеча́ть | отве́тить
sense_list:
(obsolete) To be or act as an equivalent to, or as adequate or sufficient for; to serve for; to repay.


lexentry: eng/ant__Noun__1
written_rep: ant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мураве́й | муравей | мура́шка | мураве́ль
sense_list:
Any of various insects in the family Formicidae in the order Hymenoptera, typically living in large colonies composed almost entirely of flightless females.


lexentry: eng/antacid__Noun__1
written_rep: antacid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антаци́д
sense_list:
An agent that counteracts or neutralizes acidity, especially in the stomach. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/antagonist__Noun__1
written_rep: antagonist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: антагонист
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A chemical that binds to a receptor but does not produce a physiological response, blocking the action of other agonist chemicals, such as endogenous chemical messengers. | (authorship) The main character or force opposing the protagonist in a literary work or drama.


lexentry: eng/anteater__Noun__1
written_rep: anteater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: муравье́д | муравьед
sense_list:
Any of several animals of South and Central America, in the suborder Vermilingua, which are noted for eating ants and termites which they catch with their long sticky tongues, including giant anteater and lesser anteater (also known as collared anteater).


lexentry: eng/antediluvian__Adjective__1
written_rep: antediluvian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: допото́пный | допотопный
sense_list:
(biblical) Belonging or pertaining to, or existing in, the time prior to the great flood described in Genesis, or (by extension) to a great or destructive flood or deluge described in other mythologies.


lexentry: eng/antefix__Noun__1
written_rep: antefix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антефи́кс
sense_list:
(architecture) The vertical blocks which terminate the covering tiles of the roof of a Roman, Etruscan, or Greek temple.


lexentry: eng/antelope__Noun__1
written_rep: antelope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антило́па | антилопа
sense_list:
Any of several African mammals of the family Bovidae distinguished by hollow horns, which, unlike deer, they do not shed.


lexentry: eng/antenna__Noun__1
written_rep: antenna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: анте́нна | сяжо́к | у́сик | ус
sense_list:
An apparatus to receive or transmit electromagnetic waves and convert respectively to or from an electrical signal.


lexentry: eng/anterior__Adjective__1
written_rep: anterior
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: передний
sense_list:
(anatomy) Nearer the forward end, especially in the front of the body; nearer the head or forepart of an animal.


lexentry: eng/anterior_chamber__Noun__1
written_rep: anterior chamber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пере́дняя ка́мера
sense_list:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) A space inside the eye between the cornea and the iris, filled with aqueous humour.


lexentry: eng/anthem__Noun__1
written_rep: anthem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гимн
sense_list:
A choral or vocal composition, often with a religious or political lyric. | A hymn of praise or loyalty.


lexentry: eng/anthill__Noun__1
written_rep: anthill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мураве́йник | муравейник
sense_list:
A cone-shaped structure built from sediment and other available materials by ants or white ants (termites), and beneath which the colony nests.


lexentry: eng/anthology__Noun__1
written_rep: anthology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антоло́гия | хрестома́тия | антология
sense_list:
A collection of literary works, such as poems or short stories, especially a collection from various authors.


lexentry: eng/anthracene__Noun__1
written_rep: anthracene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антраце́н
sense_list:
(organic compound) A tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (an acene containing three fused rings) obtained from coal tar; used in the manufacture of wood preservatives, insecticides and the dye alizarin; it is isomeric with phenanthrene.


lexentry: eng/anthrax__Noun__1
written_rep: anthrax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сиби́рская я́зва | сибирская язва
sense_list:
(pathology) An acute infectious disease of herbivores, especially sheep and cattle, caused by Bacillus anthracis.


lexentry: eng/anthropocentric__Adjective__1
written_rep: anthropocentric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антропоцентрический
sense_list:
Placing humans at the center of something, giving preference to humans above all other considerations.


lexentry: eng/anthropocentrism__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropocentrism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антропоцентри́зм | антропоцентризм
sense_list:
A viewpoint or theory that places human beings at the center of everything, giving preference to human beings above all other considerations.


lexentry: eng/anthropochory__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropochory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антропохори́я
sense_list:
(ecology) The (typically inadvertent) dispersal of seeds, spores, or other reproductive botanical material, or of reproductively capable animals, by humans as a routine means of reproductive dispersal of that species.


lexentry: eng/anthropology__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антрополо́гия | антропология
sense_list:
The scientific study of humans, systematically describing the ethnographic, linguistic, archaeological, and evolutionary dimensions of humanity using a holistic methodological framework.


lexentry: eng/anthropometry__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антропометрия
sense_list:
The science of measuring the human body to ascertain the ranges and averages of dimensions of the human form, for various purposes including physical anthropology, epidemiology, the ergonomics of industrial design, and so on.


lexentry: eng/anthropomorphic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anthropomorphic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антропомо́рфный
sense_list:
Having the form of a human. | (of anything non-human) Having attributes or characteristics of a human being.


lexentry: eng/anthroposophy__Noun__1
written_rep: anthroposophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: антропосо́фия | антропософия
sense_list:
A philosophy founded in the early 20th century by the esotericist Rudolf Steiner (also capitalized as Anthroposophy), postulating the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world accessible to direct experience through inner development.


lexentry: eng/anthroposphere__Noun__1
written_rep: anthroposphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антропосфе́ра
sense_list:
That part of the environment that is made or modified by humans for use in human activities and human habitats.


lexentry: eng/anti-Semitism__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-Semitism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антисемити́зм | юдофо́бия
sense_list:
(narrower sense) Prejudice, discrimination, hostility or political or religious opposition directed against ethnic or religious Jews or against Judaism; antijudaism; judeophobia.


lexentry: eng/anti-gravity__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-gravity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антигравита́ция
sense_list:
(science fiction) Any concept, system or device that would oppose or cancel out the force of gravity.


lexentry: eng/anti-story__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-story
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антироман
sense_list:
(literature) A work of fiction in which the author breaks in some way the conventional rules of storytelling, usually with some feature (for example, a lack of plot or characters, unusual punctuation, odd subject or presentation, etc.) that strongly challenges the reader's expectations.


lexentry: eng/anti-villain__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-villain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антизлодей
sense_list:
(fiction) An antagonist who has or may have noble or honorable aims, but pursues them destructively.


lexentry: eng/antialiasing__Noun__1
written_rep: antialiasing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сглаживание
sense_list:
(computer graphics) any technique that reduces the appearance of jagged edges in digital images caused by high-contrast borders between pixels.


lexentry: eng/antiaromatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: antiaromatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антиаромати́ческий
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Describing a cyclic compound having an even number of alternating single and double bonds, e.g. cyclobutadiene.


lexentry: eng/antibiotic__Noun__1
written_rep: antibiotic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антибио́тик | антибиотик
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms, generally transported by the lymphatic system.


lexentry: eng/anticaliph__Noun__1
written_rep: anticaliph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антихали́ф
sense_list:
Someone who has the pretence of forming a government featuring the real caliph, as opposed to another caliphate claiming to succeed of Muhammad under a caliph.


lexentry: eng/anticaliphate__Noun__1
written_rep: anticaliphate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антихалифа́т
sense_list:
A government having the pretence of featuring the real caliph, as opposed to another caliphate claiming to succeed to the Islamic State of Muhammad under a caliph.


lexentry: eng/antichresis__Noun__1
written_rep: antichresis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антихреза
sense_list:
(civil law) An agreement by which a debtor gives a creditor the use of real property to be able to pay interest and principal of the debt.


lexentry: eng/anticipation__Noun__1
written_rep: anticipation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ожида́ние | предвкуше́ние | предчу́вствие
sense_list:
The act of anticipating, taking up, placing, or considering something beforehand, or before the proper time in natural order.


lexentry: eng/anticlockwise__Adjective__1
written_rep: anticlockwise
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: про́тив часово́й стре́лки
sense_list:
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, of movement) In a circular fashion so as to be moving to the left at the top of the circle and to the right at the bottom (when viewed from the front), in the opposite direction to the hands of an analog clock.


lexentry: eng/anticoagulant__Noun__1
written_rep: anticoagulant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антикоагуля́нт
sense_list:
(medicine) A substance that prevents coagulation (stops blood from clotting); especially, any of a group of pharmaceutical drugs that reduce the clotting speed or affinity of the blood by any of several mechanisms (e.g., inhibiting platelet function, inhibiting clotting factor (protein) production or function, increasing antithrombin function).


lexentry: eng/antidumping__Adjective__1
written_rep: antidumping
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антидемпинговый
sense_list:
(economics, trading) Intended to combat or prevent dumping, the sale of goods below cost for anticompetitive purposes


lexentry: eng/antifouling__Adjective__1
written_rep: antifouling
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противообраста́ющий
sense_list:
That prevents or counteracts the buildup of barnacles and other deposits on undersea surfaces such as those of boats.


lexentry: eng/antihero__Noun__1
written_rep: antihero
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антигеро́й | антигерой
sense_list:
(literature, RPG) A protagonist who proceeds in an unheroic manner, such as by criminal means, via cowardly actions, or for mercenary goals.


lexentry: eng/antiheroine__Noun__1
written_rep: antiheroine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антигерои́ня
sense_list:
(literature, RPG) A female protagonist who proceeds in an unheroic manner, such as by criminal means, via cowardly actions, or for mercenary goals; a female antihero.


lexentry: eng/antihistamine__Noun__1
written_rep: antihistamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антигистами́н
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug or substance that counteracts the effects of a histamine. Commonly used to alleviate the symptoms of hay fever and other allergies.


lexentry: eng/antilogy__Noun__1
written_rep: antilogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оксиморон
sense_list:
(rhetoric) A contradiction in related terms or ideas. Usually an inconsistency in syllogisms, of a person or group supposedly of one set of ideals.


lexentry: eng/antimacassar__Noun__1
written_rep: antimacassar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антимакассар
sense_list:
A cover for the back or arms of a chair or sofa, originally to prevent them from being soiled by macassar oil.


lexentry: eng/antimetabole__Noun__1
written_rep: antimetabole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антимета́бола
sense_list:
(rhetoric) The technique of repeating a phrase while reversing the order of certain elements or its grammatical structure, as a form of juxtaposition.


lexentry: eng/antimicrobial__Adjective__1
written_rep: antimicrobial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антимикро́бный | противомикро́бный
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical effect) Tending to destroy or capable of destroying microbes. | (pharmaceutical effect) Inhibiting the growth of microbes. | (pharmaceutical effect) Preventing or counteracting the pathogenic action of microbes.


lexentry: eng/antimony__Noun__1
written_rep: antimony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сти́биум | сурьма́ | сурьма
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Sb, from Latin stibium) with an atomic number of 51: in its stable allotrope, a lustrous gray and very brittle metal.


lexentry: eng/anting__Noun__1
written_rep: anting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: муравле́ние | муравление
sense_list:
(ornithology) The practice of some birds of rubbing live ants or occasionally other items into the feathers, possibly as a means of controlling parasites.


lexentry: eng/antinicotinic__Adjective__1
written_rep: antinicotinic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антиникотиновый
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical effect) That inhibits the actions of nicotine and nicotine-like agents on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors


lexentry: eng/antinode__Noun__1
written_rep: antinode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: брюхо
sense_list:
(physics) A region of maximum amplitude situated between adjacent nodes of a vibrating body, such as a string.


lexentry: eng/antinomy__Noun__1
written_rep: antinomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: антино́мия
sense_list:
(specifically, epistemology, logic) In the thought of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804): an apparent contradiction between valid conclusions; a paradox.


lexentry: eng/antinovel__Noun__1
written_rep: antinovel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антинове́лла
sense_list:
(literature) A novel that deliberately avoids the typical conventions of the novel, such as a coherent plot and protagonist.


lexentry: eng/antinuclear__Adjective__1
written_rep: antinuclear
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антия́дерный
sense_list:
Opposed to the production or use of nuclear weapons, or opposed to the generation of electricity from nuclear power. | Serving as protection from nuclear devices


lexentry: eng/antiparticle__Noun__1
written_rep: antiparticle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: античасти́ца | античастица
sense_list:
(particle) A subatomic particle corresponding to another particle with the same mass, spin and mean lifetime but with charge, parity, strangeness and other quantum numbers flipped in sign; a particle that has a reversed world line to another.


lexentry: eng/antipasto__Noun__1
written_rep: antipasto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заку́ска
sense_list:
An Italian starter for a meal; normally a cold assortment of salami, cheese, seafood, and vegetables.


lexentry: eng/antipathetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: antipathetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: антипатичный
sense_list:
Opposed in nature or character; antagonistic. | Causing a feeling of antipathy; repugnant. | (botany) Not easily united by grafting.


lexentry: eng/antipathy__Noun__1
written_rep: antipathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антипа́тия | антипатия
sense_list:
(uncountable) Often followed by against, between, for, or to: a (deep) feeling of dislike or repugnance, normally towards a person and less often towards a thing, often without any conscious reasoning; aversion, distaste, hostility; (countable) an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/antipattern__Noun__1
written_rep: antipattern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антипатте́рн
sense_list:
(software engineering) A design pattern that may be commonly used, but is ineffective or counterproductive in practice.


lexentry: eng/antiperspirant__Noun__1
written_rep: antiperspirant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антиперспирант
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A substance used to minimize sweating or perspiration, and usually applied to the underarm area.


lexentry: eng/antiphony__Noun__1
written_rep: antiphony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антифон
sense_list:
(music, singing) Alternate, or responsive singing by a choir split into two parts; a piece sung or chanted in this manner.


lexentry: eng/antipope__Noun__1
written_rep: antipope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антипа́па | антипапа
sense_list:
(Christianity) A person who claims or claimed to be the pope, usually as the result of a disputed election or deposition, but is not considered by the Roman Catholic Church to be the real pope.


lexentry: eng/antiprism__Noun__1
written_rep: antiprism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антипри́зма
sense_list:
A polyhedron composed of two parallel copies of some particular polygon, connected by an alternating band of triangles.


lexentry: eng/antipsychotic__Noun__1
written_rep: antipsychotic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антипсихо́тик | нейроле́птик
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any of a group of drugs used to treat psychosis or other conditions, chiefly one that acts as an antagonist, partial agonist, or inverse agonist of dopamine receptors in the synapses.


lexentry: eng/antiquary__Noun__1
written_rep: antiquary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антиква́р
sense_list:
A person who is knowledgeable of, or who collects antiques (especially one holding an official position); an antiquarian.


lexentry: eng/antique_shop__Noun__1
written_rep: antique shop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антикварный магазин
sense_list:
(retail) A business dedicated to storing, selling, restoring, and trading in items from previous eras for their superficial and historical value, especially furniture and trinkets.


lexentry: eng/antiquity__Noun__1
written_rep: antiquity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дре́вность | старина́
sense_list:
Ancient times; faraway history; former ages. | The people of ancient times. | (often, constructed as an uncountable plural) A relic or monument of ancient times, such as a coin, a statue, etc.; an ancient institution.


lexentry: eng/antirealism__Noun__1
written_rep: antirealism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а̀нтиреали́зм
sense_list:
(philosophy) Any position involving denial of the objective reality of certain entities, or denial that certain general statements are objectively either true or false.


lexentry: eng/antisepsis__Noun__1
written_rep: antisepsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антисе́птика | обеззара́живание
sense_list:
(hygiene) The science and practice of countering microbial infection, as with the use of antiseptics, and the use of aseptic technique.


lexentry: eng/antiseptic__Noun__1
written_rep: antiseptic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антисептик
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any substance that inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Generally includes only those that are used on living objects (as opposed to disinfectants) and aren't transported by the lymphatic system to destroy bacteria in the body (as opposed to antibiotics).


lexentry: eng/antisocial_personality_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: antisocial personality disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антисоциа́льное расстро́йство ли́чности | диссоциа́льное расстро́йство ли́чности
sense_list:
(psychology) A personality disorder marked by antisocial behavior, a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.


lexentry: eng/antisymmetric__Adjective__1
written_rep: antisymmetric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антисимметри́чный
sense_list:
(set theory, order theory, of a binary relation R on a set S) Having the property that, for any two distinct elements of S, at least one is not related to the other via R; equivalently, having the property that, for any x, y ∈ S, if both xRy and yRx then x=y.


lexentry: eng/antitank__Adjective__1
written_rep: antitank
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противота́нковый
sense_list:
(military) Of weapons or tactics, designed for thwarting or (especially) attacking tanks or other armored fighting vehicles.


lexentry: eng/antiterrorism__Noun__1
written_rep: antiterrorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антитеррори́зм | контртеррори́зм
sense_list:
(law enforcement, military, often, attributive) Activity aiming at opposing or preventing terrorism.


lexentry: eng/antithetical__Adjective__1
written_rep: antithetical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антитетический
sense_list:
Pertaining to antithesis, or opposition of words and sentiments; containing, or of the nature of, antithesis; contrasted.


lexentry: eng/antitrust__Adjective__1
written_rep: antitrust
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антимонопольный
sense_list:
(legal) Opposed to or against the establishment or existence of trusts (monopolies), usually referring to legislation.


lexentry: eng/antivenom__Noun__1
written_rep: antivenom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противоядие
sense_list:
(medicine) A medicine that counteracts venom, an antidote to biological poisons from venomous animals such as snakes and spiders.


lexentry: eng/antiviral__Adjective__1
written_rep: antiviral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антиви́русный | противови́русный
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical effect) Inhibiting the growth and reproduction of a virus. | (computing) Eliminating or inhibiting the action of a computer virus.


lexentry: eng/antivirus__Noun__1
written_rep: antivirus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антиви́рус
sense_list:
(computing) A piece of software that is used to detect, delete and or neutralize computer-based viruses.


lexentry: eng/antlion__Noun__1
written_rep: antlion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: муравьи́ный лев | муравьиный лев
sense_list:
Any of various species of insects, many of them nocturnal, in the family Myrmeleontidae. The adults superficially resemble the unrelated damselflies. The larvae bury themselves in sand below a cone-shaped pit in which they trap insects such as ants.


lexentry: eng/anus__Noun__1
written_rep: anus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́нус | ана́льное отве́рстие | жо́па | за́дний прохо́д | заднепроходно́е отве́рстие | очко́
sense_list:
(anatomy) The orifice of the rectum in most mammals, teleost fish, and many invertebrates, through which feces and flatus are ejected.


lexentry: eng/anvil__Noun__1
written_rep: anvil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: накова́льня | наковальня
sense_list:
A heavy iron block used in the blacksmithing trade as a surface upon which metal can be struck and shaped. | (skeleton) The incus bone in the middle ear.


lexentry: eng/anxiety__Noun__1
written_rep: anxiety
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: трево́га | беспоко́йство
sense_list:
An unpleasant state of mental uneasiness, nervousness, apprehension and obsession or concern about some uncertain event.


lexentry: eng/anxiety__Noun__1
written_rep: anxiety
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: страх | боя́знь
sense_list:
(pathology) A state of restlessness and agitation, often accompanied by a distressing sense of oppression or tightness in the stomach.


lexentry: eng/anxious__Adjective__1
written_rep: anxious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: беспокоиться | встрево́женный | озабо́ченный
sense_list:
Having a feeling of anxiety or disquietude; extremely concerned, especially about something that will happen in the future or that is unknown.


lexentry: eng/any__Determiner__1
written_rep: any
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: како́й-нибудь | никако́й
sense_list:
(negative polarity item, or, interrogative, chiefly with plural or uncountable nouns) One at all; at least one; at least one kind of; some; a positive quantity of.


lexentry: eng/any_port_in_a_storm__Proverb__1
written_rep: any port in a storm
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голь на выдумку хитра
sense_list:
(idiomatic) One should accept any passable option when time is of the essence in an adverse situation.


lexentry: eng/anybody__Pronoun__1
written_rep: anybody
part_of_speech: pronoun
sense_list: (informal) A person of some consideration or standing.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[большой|больша́я]] [[ши́шка]] | [[важный|ва́жная]] [[персо́на]] | [[важный|ва́жная]] [[пти́ца]] | [[важный|ва́жное]] [[лицо́]] | ши́шка


lexentry: eng/anyhow__Adjective__1
written_rep: anyhow
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: так и́ли ина́че
sense_list:
(Singapore, Singlish, predicative) Random, careless, offhand, disorderly; done without thought or consideration.


lexentry: eng/anyway__Adverb__1
written_rep: anyway
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: в любо́м слу́чае | во вся́ком слу́чае | так и́ли и́на́че
sense_list:
Used to indicate that a statement explains or supports a previous statement. See anyhow and at least. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/aorist__Noun__1
written_rep: aorist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ао́рист | аорист
sense_list:
(grammar) A verb paradigm found in certain languages, usually an unmarked form or one that expresses the perfective or aorist aspect.


lexentry: eng/aorist_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: aorist aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ао́рист
sense_list:
(grammar) A temporal feature of the verb which denotes the speaker's standpoint of the event described by the verb, as from outside of the event and seeing it as a completed whole.


lexentry: eng/aorta__Noun__1
written_rep: aorta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ао́рта | аорта
sense_list:
(anatomy) The great artery which carries the blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main trunk of the arterial system.


lexentry: eng/aortic_arch__Noun__1
written_rep: aortic arch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дуга́ ао́рты
sense_list:
(anatomy) The curving portion of the aorta that bends between the ascending aorta and the descending aorta, from which the brachiocephalic artery, left carotid artery, and left subclavian artery arise.


lexentry: eng/apanage__Noun__1
written_rep: apanage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апанаж
sense_list:
(historical) A grant (especially by a sovereign) of land (or other source of revenue) as a birthright.


lexentry: eng/apartment__Noun__1
written_rep: apartment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апартаме́нт | кварти́ра
sense_list:
(chiefly, North America, Australia, Philippines) A complete domicile occupying only part of a building, especially one for rent; a flat.


lexentry: eng/apatheia__Noun__1
written_rep: apatheia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апатия
sense_list:
(philosophy) A state of mind in Stoic philosophy in which one is free from emotional disturbance; the freedom from all passions.


lexentry: eng/apatheism__Noun__1
written_rep: apatheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апатеи́зм | апатеизм
sense_list:
(religion) Apathy towards the existence of a god; belief that the question of the existence of a god is unimportant.


lexentry: eng/apathy__Noun__1
written_rep: apathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апа́тия | безразли́чие | равноду́шие | апатия
sense_list:
Lack of emotion or motivation; lack of interest or enthusiasm towards something; disinterest (in something).


lexentry: eng/apatite__Noun__1
written_rep: apatite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апати́т | апатит
sense_list:
(mineral) A calcium fluoride phosphate of variable composition, sometimes used in the manufacture of fertilizer, as a gemstone, and (in powdered form) as a pigment, and also produced biologically in bones and teeth.


lexentry: eng/apatosaur__Noun__1
written_rep: apatosaur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апатозавр
sense_list:
A large, herbivorous, gregarious sauropod dinosaur, of the genus Apatosaurus, from Jurassic North America; it had a long neck and tail.


lexentry: eng/ape__Noun__1
written_rep: ape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обезья́на | человекообра́зная обезья́на
sense_list:
A primate of the superfamily Hominoidea, generally larger than monkeys and distinguished from them by having no tail.


lexentry: eng/apeman__Noun__1
written_rep: apeman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обезьяночелове́к
sense_list:
A prehistoric man resembling an ape, especially one held to be a precursor to modern humans; a non-human australopithecine.


lexentry: eng/aperture__Noun__1
written_rep: aperture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: апертура | диафра́гма | затвор | обтюратор
sense_list:
(astronomy, photography) The diameter of such a hole which restricts the width of the lightpath through the whole system. For a telescope, this is the diameter of the objective lens.


lexentry: eng/aphantasia__Noun__1
written_rep: aphantasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: афантазия
sense_list:
(pathology, psychology) A condition where one does not possess a functioning "mind's eye" and cannot visualize imagery. [from 2015]


lexentry: eng/aphasia__Noun__1
written_rep: aphasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: афа́зия | афазия
sense_list:
(pathology) A partial or total loss of language skills due to brain damage. Usually, damage to the left perisylvian region, including Broca's area and Wernicke's area, causes aphasia.


lexentry: eng/aphelion__Noun__1
written_rep: aphelion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: афе́лий | афелий
sense_list:
(astronomy, also, figuratively) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, or other astronomical object, where it is farthest from the Sun.


lexentry: eng/apheresis__Noun__1
written_rep: apheresis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: афере́з | афереза
sense_list:
(phonetics, linguistics, prosody) Elision, suppression, or complete loss of a letter or sound (syllable) from the beginning of a word, such as the development of special from especial.


lexentry: eng/aphetism__Noun__1
written_rep: aphetism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: афереза
sense_list:
The aphetized form of a word, i.e. a word which has dropped its initial vowel or syllable, such as squire or vanguard.


lexentry: eng/apical_ancestor__Noun__1
written_rep: apical ancestor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: родонача́льник
sense_list:
In kinship and descent, a common ancestor from whom a lineage or clan may trace its descent. The ancestor who is at the apex of the genealogy. | For clans, a common ancestor, who may be real, fictionalized, or a nonhuman totem.


lexentry: eng/aplanat__Noun__1
written_rep: aplanat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аплана́т
sense_list:
(optics) A lens that has been corrected for spherical aberration and coma in order to produce a rectilinear image.


lexentry: eng/apnea__Noun__1
written_rep: apnea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апноэ
sense_list:
(pathology) The cessation of breathing, most often in reference to transient instances thereof during sleep.


lexentry: eng/apocalypse__Noun__1
written_rep: apocalypse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: апока́липсис | апокалипсис
sense_list:
(Christianity) The unveiling of events prophesied in the Revelation; the second coming and the end of life on Earth; global destruction. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/apocatastasis__Noun__1
written_rep: apocatastasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апоката́стасис
sense_list:
(especially, religion, rare) An apocalypse leading to the remaking of the world rather than a Final Judgment, (Christianity) an Origenist doctrine condemned by the 543 C.E. Synod of Constantinople.


lexentry: eng/apocrypha__Noun__2
written_rep: apocrypha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апо́криф
sense_list:
Something, as a writing, that is of doubtful authorship or authority (formerly also used attributively).


lexentry: eng/apocryphal__Adjective__1
written_rep: apocryphal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: апокрифи́ческий | недостове́рный | сомни́тельный
sense_list:
(by extension) Of dubious veracity; of questionable accuracy or truthfulness; anecdotal or in the nature of an urban legend.


lexentry: eng/apogee__Noun__1
written_rep: apogee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апоге́й | апогей
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is farthest from the Earth: the apoapsis of an Earth orbiter.


lexentry: eng/apolipoprotein__Noun__1
written_rep: apolipoprotein
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аполипопротеин
sense_list:
(protein) Any polypeptide or protein that can serve as an apoprotein by binding with a lipid to form a lipoprotein.


lexentry: eng/apologetics__Noun__1
written_rep: apologetics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апологе́тика
sense_list:
The field of study concerned with the systematic defense of a position, or of religious or occult doctrines.


lexentry: eng/apologize__Verb__1
written_rep: apologize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: извини́ться | извиня́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, often followed by “for”) To make an apology or excuse; to acknowledge some fault or offense, with expression of regret for it, by way of amends | (intransitive, dated) To make an apologia or defense; to act as apologist.


lexentry: eng/apology__Noun__1
written_rep: apology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: извине́ние | проще́ние
sense_list:
An expression of remorse or regret for having said or done something that harmed another: an instance of apologizing (saying that one is sorry).


lexentry: eng/apophysis__Noun__1
written_rep: apophysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апо́физ
sense_list:
(anatomy) A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; a protuberance on a bone.


lexentry: eng/apoptosis__Noun__1
written_rep: apoptosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апопто́з | апоптоз
sense_list:
(biology, cytology) A process of programmed cell death by which cells undergo an ordered sequence of events which leads to death of the cell, as occurs during growth and development of the organism, as a part of normal cell aging, or as a response to cellular injury. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/aporia__Noun__1
written_rep: aporia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: апори́я
sense_list:
(philosophy, post-structuralism) An insoluble contradiction, especially in a text's meaning; a logical impasse suggested by a text or speaker.


lexentry: eng/aposiopesis__Noun__1
written_rep: aposiopesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апозиопе́зис
sense_list:
(rhetoric) An abrupt breaking-off in speech, often indicated in print using an ellipsis (…) or an em dash (—).


lexentry: eng/apostilb__Noun__1
written_rep: apostilb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апости́льб
sense_list:
(physics) a unit of luminance, being the luminance of a perfectly diffusing surface emitting light at the rate of 1⁄π candela per square metre. Also known as a blondel.


lexentry: eng/apostle__Noun__1
written_rep: apostle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апо́стол | апостол
sense_list:
A missionary, or leader of a religious mission, especially one in the early Christian Church (but see Apostle).


lexentry: eng/apostle__Noun__1
written_rep: apostle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: апостол
sense_list:
A top-ranking ecclesiastical official in the twelve seat administrative council of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.


lexentry: eng/apostolic__Adjective__1
written_rep: apostolic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апо́стольский | апостольский
sense_list:
(Christianity) Pertaining to apostles or their practice or teaching; pertaining to the apostles (of early Christianity) or their teachings.


lexentry: eng/apostrophe__Noun__1
written_rep: apostrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апо́строф | апостро́ф | апостроф
sense_list:
(orthography) The text character ’, which serves as a punctuation mark in various languages and as a diacritical mark in certain rare contexts.


lexentry: eng/apostrophe__Noun__2
written_rep: apostrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апостроф
sense_list:
(rhetoric) A sudden exclamatory piece of dialogue addressed to someone or something, especially absent.


lexentry: eng/apothecium__Noun__1
written_rep: apothecium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мисочка
sense_list:
(lichenology, mycology) A type of fructification of some ascomycete fungi, forming cyst structures of various shapes. Often the fungal components of lichens have this sort of fertile structure.


lexentry: eng/apothem__Noun__1
written_rep: apothem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: апофе́ма
sense_list:
(geometry) The distance from the center of a regular polygon perpendicular to one of its sides (a special case of the above).


lexentry: eng/app__Noun__1
written_rep: app
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[прикладной|прикладна́я]] [[програ́мма]] | приложе́ние | програ́мма | програ́ммка
sense_list:
(computing, mobile phones) An application (program), especially a small one designed for a mobile device.


lexentry: eng/apparatus__Noun__1
written_rep: apparatus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: аппара́т | аппарат
sense_list:
A complex machine or instrument. | A bureaucratic organization, especially one influenced by political patronage.


lexentry: eng/apparatus__Noun__1
written_rep: apparatus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: предме́т
sense_list:
(rhythmic gymnastics) Any of the objects that the gymnasts wield while performing and used as part of the performance itself.


lexentry: eng/apparent__Adjective__1
written_rep: apparent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ка́жущийся
sense_list:
Appearing to the eye or mind (distinguished from, but not necessarily opposed to, true or real); seeming.


lexentry: eng/apparent_magnitude__Noun__1
written_rep: apparent magnitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ви́димая звёздная величина́
sense_list:
(astronomy) a numerical measure of the brightness of a star, planet etc.; a star with apparent magnitude 0 gives an illuminance of 2.54 microlux just outside the earth's atmosphere, or 82% of that (2.08 microlux) under clear skies, and every increase of 1 unit represents a decrease in the light received by a factor of 2.512.


lexentry: eng/apparition__Noun__1
written_rep: apparition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: при́зрак | привиде́ние
sense_list:
An unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural appearance; especially, one by a ghost, phantom, or suchlike; the entity itself.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Noun__1
written_rep: appeal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апелля́ция | обжа́лование
sense_list:
An application to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Verb__1
written_rep: appeal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апелли́ровать | обжа́ловать | опротесто́вывать | опротестова́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) Often followed by against (the inferior court's decision) or to (the superior court): to apply to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned.


lexentry: eng/appear__Verb__1
written_rep: appear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: предста́ть | представа́ть | яви́ться | явля́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To come before the public. | (intransitive) To stand in presence of some authority, tribunal, or superior person, to answer a charge, plead a cause, etc.; to present oneself as a party or advocate before a court, or as a person to be tried.


lexentry: eng/appear__Verb__1
written_rep: appear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ви́деться | предста́ть | представа́ть | приви́деться | яви́ться | явля́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To become visible to the apprehension of the mind; to be known as a subject of observation or comprehension, or as a thing proved; to be obvious or manifest.


lexentry: eng/appearance__Noun__1
written_rep: appearance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: появле́ние
sense_list:
The act of appearing in a particular place, or in society, a company, or any proceedings; a coming before the public in a particular character.


lexentry: eng/appearance__Noun__1
written_rep: appearance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: вне́шний вид | вне́шность | о́блик
sense_list:
(legal) An instance of someone coming into a court of law to be part of a trial, lawsuit or other proceeding, either in person or represented by an attorney or such like; a court appearance


lexentry: eng/appellate__Adjective__1
written_rep: appellate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апелляцио́нный
sense_list:
That can be (legally) appealed to, especially of a court that hears appeals of decisions by a lower court.


lexentry: eng/appellation__Noun__1
written_rep: appellation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: назва́ние
sense_list:
(formal, _, or, _, dated) A name or title by which someone is addressed or identified; a designation.


lexentry: eng/appendage__Noun__1
written_rep: appendage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отро́сток | прида́ток
sense_list:
An external body part that projects from the body. | A natural prolongation or projection from a part of any organism.


lexentry: eng/apperception__Noun__1
written_rep: apperception
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апперце́пция
sense_list:
(uncountable, psychology, and, philosophy, especially Kantianism) The mind's perception of itself as the subject or actor in its own states, unifying past and present experiences; self-consciousness, perception that reflects upon itself. | (uncountable) Psychological or mental perception; recognition. | (countable, psychology) The general process or a particular act of mental assimilation of new experience into the totality of one's past experience.


lexentry: eng/applause__Noun__1
written_rep: applause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аплодисме́нты | рукоплеска́ние | рукоплеска́ния
sense_list:
The act of applauding; approbation and praise publicly expressed by the clapping of hands, stamping or tapping of the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other means; marked commendation.


lexentry: eng/apple__Noun__1
written_rep: apple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: яблоко | я́блоко
sense_list:
A tree of the genus Malus; especially Malus domestica which is cultivated for its edible fruit; the apple tree. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/apple_bobbing__Noun__1
written_rep: apple bobbing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ловля яблок
sense_list:
A game, popular at Halloween, in which players try to pick up apples out of a large basin of water, using only their mouths.


lexentry: eng/apple_cider_vinegar__Noun__1
written_rep: apple cider vinegar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: я́блочный у́ксус
sense_list:
A vinegar, made from cider or apple must along with yeast and bacteria, that has been matured in wooden barrels.


lexentry: eng/apple_core__Noun__1
written_rep: apple core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: огрызок
sense_list:
The central portion of an apple containing the seeds and where the stem attaches (and the opposed end). Particularly the portion that remains after the main part of the fruit has been eaten.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_Sodom__Noun__1
written_rep: apple of Sodom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: содо́мское я́блоко
sense_list:
A mudar (Calotropis procera), a flowering plant, found from northern Africa to southeast Asia, which bears poisonous fruit.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_discord__Noun__1
written_rep: apple of discord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: я́блоко раздо́ра
sense_list:
An object or topic which sows anger and dissension; something which causes argument, rivalry, or strife.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_someone's_eye__Noun__1
written_rep: apple of someone's eye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зени́ца о́ка | свет оче́й
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The object of somebody's affections; a person (or sometimes a thing) that someone strongly prefers; a favorite, a loved one.


lexentry: eng/apple_rose__Noun__1
written_rep: apple rose
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: Rosa villosa
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
ро́за волоси́стая | ро́за я́блочная | шипо́вник волоси́стый | шипо́вник мохна́тый | шипо́вник я́блочный


lexentry: eng/apple_turnover__Noun__1
written_rep: apple turnover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сидр
sense_list:
A pastry dessert filled with pieces of sweetened apples, with the pastry folded over to enclose the filling.


lexentry: eng/applejack__Noun__1
written_rep: applejack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: я́блочная во́дка
sense_list:
An alcoholic drink similar to apple brandy and calvados, made by freeze-distilling ("jacking") apple cider.


lexentry: eng/apples_and_oranges__Noun__1
written_rep: apples and oranges
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: му́хи отде́льно, котле́ты отде́льно
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A comparison of items that, however categorically similar, is inapt; an incompatible analogy, or the items so compared; a disanalogy.


lexentry: eng/applet__Noun__1
written_rep: applet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́плет | а́пплет
sense_list:
(computing) A small program module that runs under the control of a larger application, typically a web browser.


lexentry: eng/appliance__Noun__1
written_rep: appliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прибо́р | приспособле́ние
sense_list:
An implement, an instrument or apparatus designed (or at least used) as a means to a specific end, especially:


lexentry: eng/appliance__Noun__1
written_rep: appliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: устро́йство | аппара́т | прибо́р
sense_list:
A non-manual apparatus or device, powered electrically or by another small motor, used in homes to perform domestic functions (household appliance) and/or in offices.


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
written_rep: application
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: примене́ние
sense_list:
The act of directing or referring something to a particular case, to discover or illustrate agreement or disagreement, fitness, or correspondence.


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
written_rep: application
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: приложе́ние | програ́мма
sense_list:
(computing) A computer program or the set of software that the end user perceives as a single entity as a tool for a well-defined purpose. (Also called: application program; application software.)


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
written_rep: application
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: зая́вка | заявле́ние | обраще́ние | про́сьба | проше́ние | хода́тайство
sense_list:
A verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school, course or similar.


lexentry: eng/application_programming_interface__Noun__1
written_rep: application programming interface
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерфе́йс программи́рования приложе́ний | эй-пи-а́й
sense_list:
(computing, programming) A set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications, which makes it possible for software components to interact with one another.


lexentry: eng/applied_linguistics__Noun__1
written_rep: applied linguistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прикладна́я лингви́стика
sense_list:
(linguistics) The interdisciplinary field of linguistics that identifies, investigates and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems.


lexentry: eng/applique__Noun__1
written_rep: applique
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апплика́ция
sense_list:
(arts) A decorative design made by cutting pieces of material and applying them to the surface of another for decoration.


lexentry: eng/apply__Verb__1
written_rep: apply
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To put to use; to use or employ for a particular purpose, or in a particular case
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
быть [[применимый|примени́мым]] | испо́льзовать | подходи́ть | примени́ть | применя́ть | применя́ться


lexentry: eng/apply__Verb__1
written_rep: apply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: стара́ться
sense_list:
(transitive) To put closely; to join; to engage and employ diligently or with attention. | (reflexive) To work diligently and attentively.


lexentry: eng/apply__Verb__1
written_rep: apply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: [[подава́ть]] [[заявка|зая́вку]] | [[подава́ть]] [[заявле́ние]] | заявля́ть | обраща́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To submit oneself as a candidate (with the adposition "to" or "at" designating the recipient of the submission, and the adposition "for" designating the position).


lexentry: eng/appoint__Verb__1
written_rep: appoint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: жаловать | оборудовать | предоставлять | снаряжать
sense_list:
(transitive) To furnish or equip (a place) completely; to provide with all the equipment or furnishings necessary; to fit out.


lexentry: eng/appoint__Verb__1
written_rep: appoint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: назначать
sense_list:
(transitive, legal) To fix the disposition of (property) by designating someone to take use of (it).


lexentry: eng/appointment__Noun__1
written_rep: appointment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: аппо́йнтмент | встре́ча | за́пись | назначе́ние
sense_list:
(government) The assignment of a person by an official to perform a duty, such as a presidential appointment of a judge to a court.


lexentry: eng/apportionment__Noun__1
written_rep: apportionment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: выделение
sense_list:
(US) The distribution of members of the House of Representatives according to the population of the various states.


lexentry: eng/apposition__Noun__1
written_rep: apposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приложе́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A construction in which one noun or noun phrase is placed with another as an explanatory equivalent, both of them having the same syntactic function in the sentence.


lexentry: eng/appreciable__Adjective__1
written_rep: appreciable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заме́тный | ощути́мый
sense_list:
(usually) Both detectable#Adjective and at least modestly substantial#Adjective: large enough to be estimated and to be of practical relevance#Noun.


lexentry: eng/appreciate__Verb__1
written_rep: appreciate
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To be fully conscious of; understand; be aware of; detect.
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list:
[[принима́ть]] во [[внима́ние]] | [[разбира́ться]] в | воспринима́ть | ощуща́ть | понима́ть | ула́вливать


lexentry: eng/appreciation__Noun__1
written_rep: appreciation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: благода́рность | высо́кая оце́нка | оце́нка | призна́тельность
sense_list:
A fair valuation or estimate of merit, worth, weight, etc.; recognition of excellence; gratitude and esteem.


lexentry: eng/apprehend__Verb__1
written_rep: apprehend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: боя́ться | опаса́ться
sense_list:
To anticipate (something, usually unpleasant); especially, to anticipate (something) with anxiety, dread, or fear; to dread, to fear.


lexentry: eng/apprehend__Verb__1
written_rep: apprehend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заде́рживать | задержа́ть | понима́ть | поня́ть | схвати́ть | хвата́ть
sense_list:
To take hold of (something) with understanding; to conceive (something) in the mind; to become cognizant of; to understand.


lexentry: eng/apprehension__Noun__1
written_rep: apprehension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: осмысле́ние | понима́ние | постижение
sense_list:
Perception; the act of understanding using one's intellect without affirming, denying, or passing any judgment


lexentry: eng/apprehension__Noun__1
written_rep: apprehension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: опасе́ние | предчу́вствие
sense_list:
Anticipation, especially of unfavorable things such as dread or fear or the prospect of something unpleasant in the future.


lexentry: eng/apprentice__Noun__1
written_rep: apprentice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: подмасте́рье
sense_list:
(historical) One who is bound by indentures or by legal agreement to serve a tradesperson, or other person, for a certain time, with a view to learn the art, or trade, in which his master is bound to instruct him.


lexentry: eng/apprenticeship__Noun__1
written_rep: apprenticeship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стажировка
sense_list:
The condition of, or the time served by, an apprentice. | The system by which a person learning a craft or trade is instructed by a master for a set time under set conditions.


lexentry: eng/approach__Noun__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: по́дступ | подхо́д | подъе́зд
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) An avenue, passage, or way by which a building or place can be approached; an access.


lexentry: eng/approach__Verb__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подойти́ | подходи́ть | приближа́ться | приблизи́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To come or go near, in place or time; to move toward; to advance nearer; to draw nigh. | (ambitransitive, figuratively) Used intransitively, followed by to: to draw near (to someone or something); to make advances; to approximate or become almost equal.


lexentry: eng/approach_shot__Noun__1
written_rep: approach shot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[выводя́щий]] [[уда́р]]
sense_list:
(golf) Any shot, normally not when teeing off, aimed to land on the green, hit for accuracy more than power.


lexentry: eng/approbation__Noun__1
written_rep: approbation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: одобре́ние
sense_list:
The act of approving; an assenting to the propriety of a thing with some degree of pleasure or satisfaction; approval, sanction, commendation or official recognition.


lexentry: eng/appropriate__Adjective__1
written_rep: appropriate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: подходя́щий | уме́стный
sense_list:
Suitable to the social situation or to social respect or social discreetness; socially correct; socially discreet; well-mannered; proper.


lexentry: eng/appropriate__Verb__1
written_rep: appropriate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ассигнова́ть | вы́делить | выделя́ть | присва́ивать | присво́ить
sense_list:
(transitive) To set apart for, or assign to, a particular person or use, especially in exclusion of all others; with to or for.


lexentry: eng/approval__Noun__1
written_rep: approval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: одобре́ние | разреше́ние | утвержде́ние
sense_list:
An expression granting permission; an indication of agreement with a proposal; an acknowledgement that a person, thing, or event meets requirements.


lexentry: eng/approximation__Noun__1
written_rep: approximation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приближе́ние
sense_list:
(linguistics) The act of producing a near-simulation of the pronunciation of a foreign language for a loanword therefrom, or any given pronunciation resulting from that act.


lexentry: eng/apraxia__Noun__1
written_rep: apraxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апра́ксия
sense_list:
(neurology) Total or partial loss of the ability to perform coordinated movements or manipulate objects in the absence of motor or sensory impairment; specifically, a disorder of motor planning.


lexentry: eng/apriorism__Noun__1
written_rep: apriorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: априоризм
sense_list:
(philosophy) The idea that some knowledge of the physical world can be derived logically from general principles.


lexentry: eng/apse__Noun__1
written_rep: apse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апси́да | апсида
sense_list:
(architecture) A semicircular projection from a building, especially the rounded east end of a church that contains the altar.


lexentry: eng/apsis__Noun__1
written_rep: apsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: апси́да
sense_list:
(astronomy) Either of the points in the elliptical orbit of a planet, comet, or moon where it is closest or furthest from the body it orbits; examples are perihelion, aphelion, perigee, and apogee


lexentry: eng/aptamer__Noun__1
written_rep: aptamer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аптаме́р
sense_list:
(biochemistry, genetics) Any subsequence of nucleic acid, selected from a large random sequence-pool, used to bind to a specific target molecule.


lexentry: eng/aqua_regia__Noun__1
written_rep: aqua regia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ца́рская во́дка | царская водка
sense_list:
(inorganic compound, archaic) A mixture of three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid to one part concentrated nitric acid, named for its ability to dissolve gold.


lexentry: eng/aquafaba__Noun__1
written_rep: aquafaba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аквафáба
sense_list:
(cooking, neologism) The liquid left over from boiling chickpeas or similar beans, or from a can of chickpeas.


lexentry: eng/aqualung__Noun__1
written_rep: aqualung
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аквала́нг
sense_list:
(underwater diving) A piece of equipment consisting of an oxygen tank and breathing apparatus used by divers to allow them to breathe underwater.


lexentry: eng/aquaplaning__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaplaning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аквапланинг
sense_list:
(automotive, UK) The loss of contact with the road because of surface water; the act of aquaplaning.


lexentry: eng/aquaponics__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaponics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аквапоника
sense_list:
(agriculture) A sustainable food production system that combines traditional aquaculture with hydroponics, with effluent from the water in which fish are reared being used as nutrition for plants.


lexentry: eng/aquaporin__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaporin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аквапорины
sense_list:
(protein) Any of a class of proteins that form water-permeable pores in the membrane of biological cells.


lexentry: eng/aquarium__Noun__1
written_rep: aquarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аква́риум | аквариум
sense_list:
A tank, often made of glass, for keeping live fish or other aquatic animals. | A public place where live fish and other aquatic animals are exhibited.


lexentry: eng/aquatint__Noun__1
written_rep: aquatint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аквати́нта
sense_list:
A form of etching with acid on a plate partially covered with varnish that produces a print somewhat resembling a watercolour.


lexentry: eng/aquavit__Noun__1
written_rep: aquavit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аквави́т
sense_list:
A Scandinavian liquor distilled from potato or grain mash to about 40% ABV and typically flavored with anise, although caraway seeds, fennel, dill, and other spices and herbs are also used.


lexentry: eng/aqueduct__Noun__1
written_rep: aqueduct
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: акведу́к | акведук
sense_list:
An artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another. | A structure carrying water over a river or depression, especially an ancient structure.


lexentry: eng/arabesque__Noun__1
written_rep: arabesque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арабе́ск | арабе́ска
sense_list:
(art, architecture, also, attributively) An elaborate design of intertwined floral figures or complex geometrical patterns, mainly used in Islamic art and architecture. | (music) An ornate composition, especially for the piano.


lexentry: eng/arable__Adjective__1
written_rep: arable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: па́хотный
sense_list:
(agriculture, of land) Able to be plowed or tilled, capable of growing crops (traditionally contrasted with pasturable lands such as heaths). | (agriculture, NGO, _, jargon, of land) Under cultivation (within any quinquennial period) for the production of crops sown and harvested within the same agricultural year (contrasted with permanently-cropped lands such as orchards).


lexentry: eng/arachidonic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: arachidonic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арахидо́новая кислота́
sense_list:
(fatty acid) A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, having 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds, found in animal fats; it is essential for human nutrition, being a precursor to the production of prostaglandins.


lexentry: eng/arachnoid_mater__Noun__1
written_rep: arachnoid mater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банда
sense_list:
(anatomy) The middle layer of the meninges; a membrane that protects the brain and spinal cord below the dura mater and above the subarachnoid space and the pia mater.


lexentry: eng/aragonite__Noun__1
written_rep: aragonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арагони́т | арагонит
sense_list:
(mineral) An evaporite consisting of anhydrous calcium carbonate with the chemical formula CaCO3 and occurring in pearls, shells and nacre; it is dimorphous with calcite.


lexentry: eng/arak__Noun__1
written_rep: arak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ара́к
sense_list:
A clear, unsweetened aniseed-flavoured alcoholic drink, produced and consumed primarily in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/aralia__Noun__1
written_rep: aralia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ара́лия
sense_list:
Spikenard and any of many related ornamental and food plants, of the genus Aralia, from Asia and the Americas.


lexentry: eng/arbiter__Noun__1
written_rep: arbiter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: влады́ка | властели́н | власти́тель | власти́тельница | повели́тель | повели́тельница
sense_list:
(with of) A person or object having the power of judging, determining, or ordaining; one whose power of deciding and governing is not limited.


lexentry: eng/arbitrage__Noun__1
written_rep: arbitrage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арбитраж
sense_list:
(finance) A market activity in which a security, commodity, currency or other tradable item is bought in one market and sold simultaneously in another, in order to profit from price differences between the markets.


lexentry: eng/arbitrary__Adjective__1
written_rep: arbitrary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: произво́льный | произвольный
sense_list:
(usually, of a decision) Based on individual discretion or judgment; not based on any objective distinction, perhaps even made at random. | Determined by impulse rather than reason; often connoting heavy-handedness.


lexentry: eng/arbitration__Noun__1
written_rep: arbitration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арбитра́ж
sense_list:
The act or process of arbitrating. | A process through which two or more parties use an arbitrator or arbiter in order to resolve a dispute. | In general, a form of justice where both parties designate a person whose ruling they will accept formally. More specifically in Market Anarchist (market anarchy) theory, arbitration designates the process by which two agencies pre-negotiate a set of common rules in anticipation of cases where a customer from each agency is involved in a dispute.


lexentry: eng/arbor__Noun__1
written_rep: arbor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бесе́дка
sense_list:
A shady sitting place or pergola usually in a park or garden, surrounded by climbing shrubs, vines or other vegetation.


lexentry: eng/arborvitae__Noun__1
written_rep: arborvitae
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: туя
sense_list:
Any of several North American or Asian conifers, of the genera Thuja and Thujopsis or the species Platycladus orientalis, grown for timber or ornament.


lexentry: eng/arc__Noun__1
written_rep: arc
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́рка | дуга́ | дуга
sense_list:
(geometry) A continuous part of the circumference of a circle (circular arc) or of another curve. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/arc_welding__Noun__1
written_rep: arc welding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дугова́я сва́рка | электродугова́я сва́рка
sense_list:
(metallurgy) The process of welding two pieces of metal together using the heat generated by an electric arc between two electrodes.


lexentry: eng/arccosine__Noun__1
written_rep: arccosine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аркко́синус
sense_list:
(trigonometry) Any of several single-valued or multivalued functions that are inverses of the cosine function.


lexentry: eng/arch-__Prefix__1
written_rep: arch-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архи- | наи- | сверх-
sense_list:
A title in a hierarchy which indicates a higher degree of rank than its root word. | Leading, foremost, primary, or principal. | (augmentative) Intensely, extremely, or exceptionally.


lexentry: eng/arch__Noun__1
written_rep: arch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́рка | свод | арка
sense_list:
An arch-shaped arrangement of trapezoidal stones, designed to redistribute downward force outward. | (architecture) An architectural element having the shape of an arch


lexentry: eng/archaeolinguistics__Noun__1
written_rep: archaeolinguistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: археолингви́стика
sense_list:
The study of the distant human past using archaeological and linguistic evidence together to reconstruct aspects of past cultures.


lexentry: eng/archaeometry__Noun__1
written_rep: archaeometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: археометрия
sense_list:
(archaeology) The application of techniques and methodologies of the natural sciences to archaeology, mostly for dating, analysis, survey and confirmation of provenance or authenticity.


lexentry: eng/archaeophyte__Noun__1
written_rep: archaeophyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: археофит
sense_list:
(botany) A plant which was introduced to an area by humans (or arrived naturally, but from an area in which it was present as a human introduction) and became naturalized before 1500 C.E. (but especially in prehistoric times).


lexentry: eng/archaic_smile__Noun__1
written_rep: archaic smile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архаическая улыбка
sense_list:
(Ancient Greece, art, sculpture, historical) A smiling facial expression commonly found on Greek statues of the Archaic period (circa 700–500 B.C.E.).


lexentry: eng/archangel__Noun__1
written_rep: archangel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арха́нгел | архангел
sense_list:
A powerful angel that leads many other angels, but is still loyal to a deity, and often seen as belonging to a particular archangelical rank or order within a greater hierarchy of angels. (Judeo-Christian examples: Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, Uriel).


lexentry: eng/archbishop__Noun__1
written_rep: archbishop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архиепи́скоп | архиепископ
sense_list:
A senior bishop who is in charge of an archdiocese, and presides over a group of dioceses called a province (in Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, etc.)


lexentry: eng/archdeacon__Noun__1
written_rep: archdeacon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архидья́кон
sense_list:
(Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy) A senior administrative official in a diocese, just under the bishop, often in charge of an archdeaconry. As a title, it can be filled by either a deacon or priest.


lexentry: eng/archduchess__Noun__1
written_rep: archduchess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эрцгерцоги́ня
sense_list:
A daughter or granddaughter of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, or the wife of a son or grandson of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary


lexentry: eng/archeopteryx__Noun__1
written_rep: archeopteryx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: археопте́рикс
sense_list:
(paleontology) A specimen of the species Archaeopteryx lithographica, being the earliest and most primitive known bird, representing a transition in the evolution of dinosaurs to birds.


lexentry: eng/archerfish__Noun__1
written_rep: archerfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рыба-брызгу́н
sense_list:
Any of the species of fish in the family Toxotidae (usually with sole genus Toxotes), who prey on small animals near to the surface of a water by shooting them with water from their mouths.


lexentry: eng/archetype__Noun__1
written_rep: archetype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архети́п | образе́ц | оригина́л | прототи́п
sense_list:
An original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned; a prototype. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/archetype__Noun__1
written_rep: archetype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: архети́п | архетип
sense_list:
(psychology) According to Swiss psychologist Carl Jung: a universal pattern of thought, present in an individual's unconscious, inherited from the past collective experience of humanity.


lexentry: eng/archimandrite__Noun__1
written_rep: archimandrite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архимандри́т | архимандрит
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodoxy) The superior of a large monastery, or group of monasteries, in the Orthodox Church.


lexentry: eng/archiphoneme__Noun__1
written_rep: archiphoneme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архифоне́ма
sense_list:
(phonology) A unit representing two or more underlying phonemes, where the distinction between them has been neutralized under certain conditions.


lexentry: eng/architect__Noun__1
written_rep: architect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архите́ктор | архите́кторка | архите́кторша | зо́дчий
sense_list:
A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction. | A person who plans, devises or contrives the achievement of a desired result.


lexentry: eng/architectonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: architectonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фундаментальный
sense_list:
(figurative) Foundational, fundamental; supporting the structure of a morality, society, or culture.


lexentry: eng/architecture__Noun__1
written_rep: architecture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архитекту́ра | архитектура | зо́дчество
sense_list:
The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.


lexentry: eng/archive__Noun__1
written_rep: archive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архи́в | архив
sense_list:
A place for storing earlier, and often historical, material. An archive usually contains documents (letters, records, newspapers, etc.) or other types of media kept for historical interest.


lexentry: eng/archivist__Noun__1
written_rep: archivist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архива́риус | архиви́ст | архиви́стка
sense_list:
One who is in charge of, or performs the task of creating, collecting, cataloguing and organising archives.


lexentry: eng/archosaur__Noun__1
written_rep: archosaur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архоза́вр
sense_list:
A reptile of the taxon Archosauria, which includes modern crocodilians and birds, as well as the extinct pterosaurs, non-avian dinosaurs and other taxa.


lexentry: eng/archpriest__Noun__1
written_rep: archpriest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: первосвяще́нник | протоиере́й
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodox Church) The highest rank given to a married priest. | (Roman Catholic Church) An honorific title applied to a priest who has a specific function.


lexentry: eng/arcology__Noun__1
written_rep: arcology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арколо́гия
sense_list:
(urban studies, uncountable) Urban development theory proposed by Paolo Soleri involving three-dimensional building methods and efficient use of space and resources.


lexentry: eng/arcsine__Noun__1
written_rep: arcsine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аркси́нус
sense_list:
(trigonometry) Any of several single-valued or multivalued functions that are inverses of the sine function. Symbol: arcsin, sin−1


lexentry: eng/arctangent__Noun__1
written_rep: arctangent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аркта́нгенс
sense_list:
(trigonometry) Any of several single-valued or multivalued functions that are inverses of the tangent function. Symbol: arctan, tan-1


lexentry: eng/arctic_fox__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic fox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: песе́ц | поля́рная лиси́ца
sense_list:
Vulpes lagopus, a fox of the family Canidae, living in the Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/arctic_hare__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic hare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аркти́ческий беля́к
sense_list:
A North-American hare of species Lepus arcticus, that is white, usually year round, found in the Arctic.


lexentry: eng/arctic_raspberry__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic raspberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: княжени́ка | княжени́ка обыкнове́нная | мали́на аркти́ческая
sense_list:
A species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family and bearing a dark red, sweet fruit; Rubus arcticus, native to arctic, subarctic, and alpine regions.


lexentry: eng/are__Noun__1
written_rep: are
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ар
sense_list:
(rare) An accepted (but deprecated and rarely used) metric unit of area equal to 100 square metres, or a former unit of approximately the same extent. Symbol: a.


lexentry: eng/are_you_doing_anything_tomorrow__Phrase__1
written_rep: are you doing anything tomorrow
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы за́втра что́-нибудь де́лаете? | ты за́втра что́-нибудь де́лаешь?
sense_list:
Asks if someone is busy tomorrow, possibly to invite them to do something if they are available. ("Tomorrow" can be replaced by other dates, such as "are you doing anything on the weekend", etc.)


lexentry: eng/are_your_ears_burning__Phrase__1
written_rep: are your ears burning
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лёгок на поми́не | у тебя́ у́ши не горят?
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial, rhetorical question) Asked of somebody who was not present but was the topic of discussion.


lexentry: eng/area_code__Noun__1
written_rep: area code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: код [[город|го́рода]] | код [[зона|зо́ны]] | код [[регион|регио́на]]
sense_list:
(US, Australia, Philippines) A prefix appended to a telephone number indicating the geographical area.


lexentry: eng/areca__Noun__1
written_rep: areca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aре́ка
sense_list:
Any member of the genus Areca of about fifty species of single-stemmed palms in the family Arecaceae, found in humid tropical forests.


lexentry: eng/arena__Noun__1
written_rep: arena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аре́на
sense_list:
An enclosed area, often outdoor, for the presentation of sporting events (sports arena) or other spectacular events; earthen area, often oval, specifically for rodeos (North America) or circular area for bullfights (especially Hispanic America). | The building housing such an area; specifically, a very large, often round building, often topped with a dome, designated for indoor sporting or other major events, such as concerts. | (historical) The sand-covered centre of an amphitheatre where contests were held in Ancient Rome. | A realm in which events take place; an area of interest, study, behaviour, etc.


lexentry: eng/argillite__Noun__1
written_rep: argillite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аргилли́т
sense_list:
(geology) A fine-grained sedimentary rock, intermediate between shale and slate, sometimes used as a building material


lexentry: eng/arginine__Noun__1
written_rep: arginine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аргини́н | аргинин
sense_list:
An amino acid found in animal foods that plays an important role in several physiological processes.


lexentry: eng/argon__Noun__1
written_rep: argon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арго́н | аргон
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Ar) with an atomic number of 18. The third most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, it is a colourless, odourless, inert noble gas.


lexentry: eng/argonaut__Noun__1
written_rep: argonaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аргона́вт
sense_list:
Any of several species of shelled octopods of the family Argonautidae (of which only the genus Argonauta is not extinct). | An adventurer on a dangerous but rewarding quest.


lexentry: eng/argot__Noun__1
written_rep: argot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: жарго́н
sense_list:
The specialized informal vocabulary and terminology used between people with special skill in a field, such as between doctors, mathematicians or hackers.


lexentry: eng/arguable__Adjective__1
written_rep: arguable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доказу́емый
sense_list:
That can be argued; that can be proven or strongly supported with sound logical deduction, precedent, and evidence.


lexentry: eng/arguably__Adverb__1
written_rep: arguably
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как мо́жно доказа́ть
sense_list:
As can be supported or proven by sound logical deduction, evidence, and precedent, but without absolute certainty.


lexentry: eng/argue__Verb__1
written_rep: argue
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: обсужда́ть | спо́рить
sense_list:
(intransitive) To debate, disagree, or discuss opposing or differing viewpoints; to controvert; to wrangle.


lexentry: eng/argue_round_and_round__Verb__1
written_rep: argue round and round
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) to not talk about (a subject), to avoid the question
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[говори́ть]] не по [[существу́]] | [[говори́ть]] не по [[те́ме]] | [[не в тему|не в те́му]] | ходи́ть вокру́г да о́коло


lexentry: eng/aria__Noun__1
written_rep: aria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́рия | ария
sense_list:
(music) A musical piece written typically for a solo voice with orchestral accompaniment in an opera or cantata.


lexentry: eng/arise__Verb__1
written_rep: arise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: возни́кнуть | возника́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part; to present itself.


lexentry: eng/aristocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аристокра́тия | знать | аристократия
sense_list:
The nobility, or the hereditary ruling class. | A class of people considered (not normally universally) superior to others.


lexentry: eng/aristocrat__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocrat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аристокра́т | аристокра́тка
sense_list:
One of the aristocracy, nobility, or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble (originally in Revolutionary France).


lexentry: eng/aristocratic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aristocratic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аристократи́ческий | аристократический
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or favouring, an aristocracy | Similar to the aristocracy; characteristic of, the aristocracy.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic__Adjective__2
written_rep: arithmetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арифмети́ческий
sense_list:
(mathematics) Of, relating to, or using arithmetic; arithmetical. | (arithmetic) Of a progression, mean, etc, computed solely using addition.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арифме́тика | арифметика
sense_list:
The mathematics of numbers (integers, rational numbers, real numbers, or complex numbers) under the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_mean__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic mean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сре́днее арифмети́ческое
sense_list:
(statistics, probability) The measure of central tendency of a set of values computed by dividing the sum of the values by their number.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_progression__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic progression
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арифмети́ческая прогре́ссия
sense_list:
(analysis) A sequence in which each term except the first is obtained from the previous by adding a constant value, known as the common difference of the arithmetic progression.


lexentry: eng/arithmetically__Adverb__1
written_rep: arithmetically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арифметический
sense_list:
(of the nature of increases or decreases) In a way characterized by addition (of increments) rather than multiplication (by factors) or exponentiation (by exponents): by an arithmetic progression. | In terms of arithmetic.


lexentry: eng/ark__Noun__1
written_rep: ark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ковче́г | ковчег
sense_list:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Noah's ark: the ship built by Noah to save his family and a collection of animals from the deluge.


lexentry: eng/arkhalig__Noun__1
written_rep: arkhalig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архалу́к
sense_list:
A long tight-waist jacket worn by the peoples of the Caucasus and Iran, made of various kinds of fabric, such as silk, satin, cloth, cashmere and velvet, traditionally depending on the social status of its owner.


lexentry: eng/arm__Noun__1
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рука | рука́
sense_list:
(anatomy) The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand.


lexentry: eng/arm__Noun__1
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ру́чка | рука
sense_list:
A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the armrest of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses.


lexentry: eng/arm__Verb__2
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вооружа́ть | вооружи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To supply with armour or (later especially) weapons. | (transitive, figurative) To supply with the equipment, knowledge, authority, or other tools needed for a particular task; to furnish with capability; to equip.


lexentry: eng/arm_wrestling__Noun__1
written_rep: arm wrestling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: армре́стлинг | армспо́рт | борьба́ на рука́х | рукобо́рье
sense_list:
A strength sport with two participants, in which each participant grips the other's hand and tries to pin the other's arm onto a surface.


lexentry: eng/armadillo__Noun__1
written_rep: armadillo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бронено́сец | броненосец
sense_list:
Any of the burrowing mammals covered with bony, jointed, protective plates, families Dasypodidae and Chlamyphoridae in the order Cingulata, found in the Americas, especially in South America.


lexentry: eng/armament__Noun__1
written_rep: armament
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вооружение
sense_list:
(military, naval) All the cannon and small arms collectively, with their equipments, belonging to a ship or a fortification.


lexentry: eng/armamentarium__Noun__1
written_rep: armamentarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инструмента́рий
sense_list:
All of the equipment available for carrying out a task, especially all the equipment used by a physician in the practice of medicine.


lexentry: eng/armatole__Noun__1
written_rep: armatole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Арматол
sense_list:
(historical) A Greek armed mercenary who enforced Ottoman rule in Greece from the 15th century onward; during the Greek War of Independence (1821–1832), many armatoloi became pro-independence guerrilla fighters opposed to Ottoman rule.


lexentry: eng/armature__Noun__1
written_rep: armature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: я́корь
sense_list:
The rotating part of an electric motor or dynamo, which mostly consists of coils of wire (the winding) around a metal core.


lexentry: eng/armchair__Adjective__1
written_rep: armchair
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диванный | мамкин
sense_list:
(figuratively) Remote from actual involvement, including a person retired from previously active involvement.


lexentry: eng/armchair__Adjective__1
written_rep: armchair
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: дива́нный
sense_list:
(figuratively, derogatory) Unqualified or uninformed but yet giving advice, especially on technical issues, such as law, architecture, medicine, military theory, or sports; relating to such advice.


lexentry: eng/armchair_linguistics__Noun__1
written_rep: armchair linguistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диванная лингвистика
sense_list:
(linguistics, informal) Any linguistic enterprise employing introspection rather than empirical methods, such as elicitation.


lexentry: eng/armed__Adjective__1
written_rep: armed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вооружённый | вооружи́вшийся
sense_list:
(of a person, specifically) Equipped with a gun. | (sometimes, in combination) Equipped, especially with a weapon.


lexentry: eng/armed_forces__Noun__1
written_rep: armed forces
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́рмия | войска́ | вооружённые си́лы
sense_list:
The military forces of a nation, such as the army, navy, air force, marines, and sometimes, coastguard or border guard, which are tasked with the defence of the nation and its citizens, if necessary through use of deadly force.


lexentry: eng/armenism__Noun__1
written_rep: armenism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: армени́зм
sense_list:
A word or other feature originating in the Armenian language that has been borrowed by another language.


lexentry: eng/armiger__Noun__1
written_rep: armiger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оружено́сец
sense_list:
An esquire, originally carrying the armour of a knight; (hence, later) a man of the gentry ranking below a knight. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/armillary_sphere__Noun__1
written_rep: armillary sphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: армилля́рная сфе́ра
sense_list:
An instrument consisting of graduated metal circles used to represent the motions of celestial bodies around the earth.


lexentry: eng/arming__Noun__1
written_rep: arming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вооружения
sense_list:
The act of supplying (oneself or others) with armor and (now especially) arms and ammunition in preparation for a conflict; the act of providing with the means of defense and attack.


lexentry: eng/armor-piercing_shot__Noun__1
written_rep: armor-piercing shot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: болва́нка
sense_list:
(military) An armor-piercing solid metal projectile having no bursting charge, in use mainly during World War II, abbreviated AP, or simply "shot".


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
written_rep: armor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доспех | броня́ | ла́ты
sense_list:
(uncountable) A protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damaging forces.


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
written_rep: armor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: бронета́нковые войска́
sense_list:
(military, uncountable) A military formation consisting primarily of tanks or other armoured fighting vehicles, collectively.


lexentry: eng/armoured_fighting_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: armoured fighting vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: боевая бронированная машина
sense_list:
(military) An armed and armoured military vehicle which runs on wheels or caterpillar track, used by fighting troops.


lexentry: eng/armoured_truck__Noun__1
written_rep: armoured truck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: броневик | брониро́ванный грузови́к
sense_list:
A truck used to transfer valuables between locations, which possesses armour against light firearms.


lexentry: eng/arms__Noun__1
written_rep: arms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: герб
sense_list:
(heraldry) A visual design composed according to heraldic rules, consisting of a coat of arms normally displayed upon an escutcheon, sometimes accompanied by other elements of an achievement


lexentry: eng/arms_control__Noun__1
written_rep: arms control
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[контро́ль]] над [[вооружение|вооруже́ниями]]
sense_list:
Restrictions upon the development, production, stockpiling, proliferation, and usage of weapons, especially weapons of mass destruction.


lexentry: eng/arms_race__Noun__1
written_rep: arms race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: го́нка вооруже́ний
sense_list:
A competition for military supremacy between two powers, especially for the most weapons and the best military technology.


lexentry: eng/army__Noun__1
written_rep: army
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: а́рмия | армия
sense_list:
(figuratively) A large group of people working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) A large group of social animals working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) Any multitude.


lexentry: eng/army_ant__Noun__1
written_rep: army ant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кочево́й мураве́й
sense_list:
A tropical nomadic ant, principally in the subfamilies Dorylinae and Leptanillinae, that preys on other insects.


lexentry: eng/arnica__Noun__1
written_rep: arnica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́рника
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Arnica, considered to have medicinal properties, especially Arnica montana.


lexentry: eng/aromatherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: aromatherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аро̀матерапи́я | ароматерапия
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) The use of selected fragrances in lotions and inhalants in an effort to affect mood and promote health.


lexentry: eng/around__Adverb__1
written_rep: around
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: с но́г на́ голову
sense_list:
From one state or condition to an opposite or very different one; with a metaphorical change in direction; bringing about awareness or agreement.


lexentry: eng/around__Adverb__1
written_rep: around
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: вокру́г
sense_list:
(with turn, spin, etc.) So as to partially or completely rotate; so as to face in the opposite direction.


lexentry: eng/around__Adverb__1
written_rep: around
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: там-сям
sense_list:
Used with verbs to indicate repeated or continuous action, or in numerous locations or with numerous people.


lexentry: eng/arowana__Noun__1
written_rep: arowana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арава́на
sense_list:
Any of various large freshwater fish belonging to the family Osteoglossidae (especially from genera Heterotis, Osteoglossum, and Scleropages), found in South America, Southeast Asia, Australia, and Africa. These fish are mainly carnivorous and are characterized by large, bony scales, a toothed tongue, and a wide, slanted mouth.


lexentry: eng/arpeggio__Noun__1
written_rep: arpeggio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арпе́джио | арпеджио
sense_list:
(music) The notes of a chord played individually instead of simultaneously, usually moving from lowest to highest.


lexentry: eng/arpent__Noun__1
written_rep: arpent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: арпан
sense_list:
A pre-metric French unit of area, having various official measures (from 3419 to 5107 square metres).


lexentry: eng/arraign__Verb__1
written_rep: arraign
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (with on, (archaic) for) To officially charge someone in a court of law.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[предъяви́ть]] [[обвине́ние]] | [[предъявля́ть]] [[обвине́ние]] | [[привле́чь]] к [[суд|суду́]] | [[привлека́ть]] к [[суд|суду́]] | обвини́ть | обвиня́ть


lexentry: eng/arraignment__Noun__1
written_rep: arraignment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предъявле́ние обвине́ния
sense_list:
(legal) The formal charging of a defendant with an offense; in many jurisdictions it includes their response in the form of a plea, typically as guilty, not guilty, or no contest.


lexentry: eng/arrange__Verb__1
written_rep: arrange
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: аранжи́ровать
sense_list:
(music, transitive, intransitive) To prepare and adapt an already-written composition for presentation in other than its original form.


lexentry: eng/array__Noun__1
written_rep: array
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: масси́в | массив
sense_list:
(programming) Any of various data structures designed to hold multiple elements of the same type; especially, a data structure that holds these elements in adjacent memory locations so that they may be retrieved using numeric indices.


lexentry: eng/arrest__Verb__1
written_rep: arrest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: аресто́вывать | арестова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To seize (someone) with the authority of the law; to take into legal custody. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/arrest_warrant__Noun__1
written_rep: arrest warrant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́рдер на аре́ст
sense_list:
(legal) An official document that authorizes law-enforcement officials to arrest a named person and to bring that individual before a court of law or other authority.


lexentry: eng/arrival__Noun__1
written_rep: arrival
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прие́зд | прилёт | прихо́д | прибы́тие
sense_list:
The act of arriving (reaching a certain place). | The fact of beginning to occur; the initial phase of something.


lexentry: eng/arrivederci__Interjection__1
written_rep: arrivederci
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арриведе́рчи
sense_list:
(in the context of Italy or Italian culture) farewell, goodbye, see you later (non-definitive farewell)


lexentry: eng/arroba__Noun__1
written_rep: arroba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арро́ба
sense_list:
(historical) A traditional Spanish unit of mass, varying by time, location, and substance but generally around 11.5 kilograms.


lexentry: eng/arrogance__Noun__1
written_rep: arrogance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: спесь | высокоме́рие | горды́ня | зано́счивость | кичли́вость | надме́нность
sense_list:
The state of being arrogant; a type of extreme or foolish pride in which someone feels much superior to another.


lexentry: eng/arrogate__Verb__1
written_rep: arrogate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[самонаде́янно]] [[претендова́ть]]
sense_list:
(transitive, uncommon) To appropriate or lay claim to something for oneself without right. [from 1530s]


lexentry: eng/arrow__Noun__1
written_rep: arrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стрела́ | стрела | стрелка
sense_list:
A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.


lexentry: eng/arrow_key__Noun__1
written_rep: arrow key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стре́лка
sense_list:
(computing) Any of a set of keyboard keys marked with directional arrows, used for navigation through documents and lists etc.


lexentry: eng/arrowroot__Noun__1
written_rep: arrowroot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мара́нта
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) Maranta arundinacea from the Marantaceae family, a large perennial herb native to the Caribbean area with green leaves about 15 centimeters long. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/arroyo__Noun__1
written_rep: arroyo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ручей
sense_list:
A dry creek or streambed, a gulch which temporarily or seasonally fills and flows (after sufficient rain). | Any watercourse; any rivulet (whether it flows year-round or only seasonally).


lexentry: eng/arsehole__Noun__1
written_rep: arsehole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: крети́н | приду́рок
sense_list:
(Commonwealth, mildly, vulgar, offensive, or, derogatory) An inconsiderate, mean-spirited, or otherwise contemptible person. (Less offensive than fucker or cunt.)


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арсена́л | арсенал
sense_list:
A military establishment for the storing, development, manufacturing, testing, or repairing of arms, ammunition, and other war materiel; an armoury.


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: арсена́л
sense_list:
A stock of weapons, especially all the weapons that a nation possesses. | A store or supply of anything.


lexentry: eng/arsenic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мышьяко́вая кислота́
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A poisonous, white crystalline compound, H3AsO4, formed from arsenic pentoxide and water; it has the same structure as phosphoric acid, and is used in the manufacture of arsenates.


lexentry: eng/arsis__Noun__1
written_rep: arsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: арсис
sense_list:
(poetry) The stronger part of a metrical foot: the part containing the long (heavy) syllable in quantitative meter, or the stressed syllable in a qualitative meter. | (music) The elevation of the hand, or that part of the bar at which it is raised, in beating time; the weak or unaccented part of the bar, opposed to the thesis.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
written_rep: art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сство | искусство | уме́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colours, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the senses and emotions, usually specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium. | (uncountable, dated) Contrivance, scheming, manipulation.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
written_rep: art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: иску́сство | искусство
sense_list:
(countable) Skillful creative activity, usually with an aesthetic focus. | (uncountable) The study and the product of these processes. | (uncountable) Aesthetic value. | (uncountable) Artwork. | (countable) A field or category of art, such as painting, sculpture, music, ballet, or literature.


lexentry: eng/art_gallery__Noun__1
written_rep: art gallery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карти́нная галере́я | худо́жественная галере́я
sense_list:
A room, a group of rooms, or other space where works of art are placed on display, possibly for sale.


lexentry: eng/artemisia__Noun__1
written_rep: artemisia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артеми́зия | полы́нь
sense_list:
Any of many aromatic flowering plants of the genus Artemisia, including wormwood, sagebrush, and tarragon, often used as traditional medicine, oral contraceptive and flavoring.


lexentry: eng/arterial_road__Noun__1
written_rep: arterial road
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: магистральная дорога
sense_list:
A major thoroughfare, particularly one used to provide a large capacity for travelling some distance.


lexentry: eng/artery__Noun__1
written_rep: artery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арте́рия | артерия
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery. | (transport) A major transit corridor in a system of roads, rivers, or railway lines.


lexentry: eng/arthritis__Noun__1
written_rep: arthritis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артри́т | артрит
sense_list:
Inflammation of a joint or joints causing pain and/or disability, swelling and stiffness, and due to various causes such as infection, trauma, degenerative changes or metabolic disorders: any of several disease entities.


lexentry: eng/arthropod__Noun__1
written_rep: arthropod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: членистоно́гое | членистоногое
sense_list:
An invertebrate animal of the phylum Arthropoda, characterized by a chitinous exoskeleton and multiple jointed appendages.


lexentry: eng/artichoke__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артишо́к | артишок
sense_list:
(countable) A plant related to the thistle with enlarged flower heads eaten as a vegetable while immature, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus.


lexentry: eng/artichoke_heart__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke heart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артишок
sense_list:
The edible base of an artichoke, prepared by removing the outer leaves and the inedible choke covering it.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: статья́ | статья | артикль
sense_list:
A piece of nonfiction writing such as a story, report, opinion piece, or entry in a newspaper, magazine, journal, encyclopedia, etc.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: арти́кль | член | артикль
sense_list:
(grammar) A part of speech that indicates, specifies and limits a noun (a, an, or the in English). In some languages the article may appear as an ending (e.g. definite article in Swedish) or there may be none (e.g. Russian, Pashto).


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: статья́ | пара́граф | статья
sense_list:
A section of a legal document, bylaws, etc. or, in the plural, the entire document seen as a collection of these.


lexentry: eng/articles_of_association__Noun__1
written_rep: articles of association
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уста́в
sense_list:
A document which, along with the memorandum of association, forms a company's constitution, defines the responsibilities of the directors, the kind of business to be undertaken, and the means by which the shareholders exert control over the board of directors.


lexentry: eng/articulated__Adjective__1
written_rep: articulated
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сочленение
sense_list:
Constructed with one or more pivoted joints which allow bending of an otherwise rigid structure. | Of a vehicle, composed of component parts each with its own wheels and chassis, e.g. an articulated lorry, articulated bus, or certain kinds of streetcars and trains.


lexentry: eng/articulated_bus__Noun__1
written_rep: articulated bus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[авто́бус]]-[[гармо́шка]]
sense_list:
A bus fitted with a joint, which is covered by an accordion-shaped weatherproofing, to increase its manoeuvrability.


lexentry: eng/articulation__Noun__1
written_rep: articulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сочлене́ние | шарни́р
sense_list:
(countable, or, uncountable) A joint or the collection of joints at which something is articulated, or hinged, for bending.


lexentry: eng/articulation__Noun__1
written_rep: articulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: артикуля́ция
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality, clarity, or sharpness of speech; the movement within the mouth that allows for those things. | (accounting) The interrelation and congruence of the flow of data between financial statements of an entity, especially between the income statement and balance sheet.


lexentry: eng/artifact__Noun__1
written_rep: artifact
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артефа́кт
sense_list:
An object made or shaped by human hand or labor. | (archaeology) An object, such as a tool, ornament, or weapon of archaeological or historical interest, especially such an object found at an archaeological excavation.


lexentry: eng/artificial__Adjective__1
written_rep: artificial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: иску́сственный | неесте́ственный | ненатура́льный
sense_list:
Not natural or normal: imposed arbitrarily or without regard to the specifics or normal circumstances of a person, a situation, etc.


lexentry: eng/artificial_horizon__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial horizon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авиагоризо́нт
sense_list:
(aviation) An instrument that displays the pitch and roll of an aircraft in flight by comparing its attitude to a gyroscopically-maintained indication of the flat horizon line.


lexentry: eng/artificial_insemination__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial insemination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственное оплодотворе́ние | иску́сственное осемене́ние
sense_list:
(biology, medicine) The introduction of semen into the uterus or cervix of a female by a means other than copulation.


lexentry: eng/artificial_intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственный интелле́кт | ИИ́
sense_list:
(computer science) The branch of computer science dealing with the reproduction or mimicking of human-level intelligence, self-awareness, knowledge, conscience, and thought in computer programs. | Intelligence exhibited by an artificial (nonnatural, humanmade) entity.


lexentry: eng/artificial_intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственный интелле́кт | искусственный интеллект
sense_list:
The essential quality of a machine which thinks in a manner similar to or on the same general level as a real human being.


lexentry: eng/artificial_respiration__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial respiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственное дыха́ние
sense_list:
(medicine) The manual or mechanical forcing of air into the lungs of a person who is not breathing in order to maintain life.


lexentry: eng/artificial_selection__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial selection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственный отбо́р
sense_list:
(evolutionary theory) Intervention by humans in the breeding of plants or animals in order to preserve selected genetic traits.


lexentry: eng/artillery__Noun__1
written_rep: artillery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: артилле́рия | артиллерия
sense_list:
An army unit that uses such weapons, or a military formation using projectile weapons, such as archers.


lexentry: eng/artiodactyl__Noun__1
written_rep: artiodactyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: парнокопы́тное
sense_list:
(zoology) Any ungulate mammal with an even number of toes and belonging to the Artiodactyla, including pigs, sheep, deer, cattle, and most grazing animals. In contrast, horses have an odd number of toes and as such are not Artiodactyla, but Perissodactyla. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/artistic_gymnastics__Noun__1
written_rep: artistic gymnastics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гимнастика на снарядах
sense_list:
(sport) A discipline of gymnastics in which athletes perform short routines (ranging from approximately 30 to 90 seconds) on different apparatus, with less time for vaulting


lexentry: eng/arugula__Noun__1
written_rep: arugula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ру́ккола
sense_list:
A yellowish-flowered Mediterranean herb of the mustard family with flavoured leaves, often eaten in salads, that has a distinct, peppery flavor, of three species:


lexentry: eng/arum_lily__Noun__1
written_rep: arum lily
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аронник
sense_list:
Any of several flowering plants, of the family Araceae, but especially Zantedeschia aethiopica, the calla lily that has a showy white spathe.


lexentry: eng/aryk__Noun__1
written_rep: aryk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ары́к
sense_list:
In Central Asia, a relatively small aqueduct supporting agriculture and providing water to inhabitants of the area.


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: как | чем
sense_list:
(dated) Introducing a comparison with a hypothetical state (+ subjunctive, or with the verb elided): as though, as if. [to 19th century]


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: как | в | в ка́честве
sense_list:
(law) used before a preposition to clarify that the prepositional phrase restricts the meaning of the sentence; specifically.


lexentry: eng/as__Noun__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: как | так | поско́льку | ас | асс | в
sense_list:
(numismatics, Ancient Rome) Any of several coins of Rome, coined in bronze or later copper; or the equivalent value.


lexentry: eng/as_far_as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as far as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наско́лько
sense_list:
To the degree or extent that. | (proscribed) Used without any completion, usually to imply "to the degree or extent that ... is/are concerned".


lexentry: eng/as_far_as_one_knows__Adverb__1
written_rep: as far as one knows
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наско́лько мне изве́стно | наско́лько я зна́ю
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To the best of one's knowledge, as far as someone knows or possible information to be gathered about the topic, subject, aspect, or situation.


lexentry: eng/as_is__Adjective__1
written_rep: as is
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как есть | как бы́ло
sense_list:
(idiomatic, of an object) as it is; in its present state or condition, especially as a contractual condition of sale.


lexentry: eng/as_it_were__Adverb__1
written_rep: as it were
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: так сказа́ть
sense_list:
Used to indicate that a word or statement is perhaps not exact though practically right; as if it were so.


lexentry: eng/as_much_as__Adverb__1
written_rep: as much as
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в известной степени
sense_list:
Practically, just as, no less than; indicates an action tantamount to, but not identical to, the action described.


lexentry: eng/as_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: as of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: от | по состоянию на | с | этой даты
sense_list:
(idiomatic) At or by a specified time, with the implication that the said condition will be true from that time onward.


lexentry: eng/as_the_crow_flies__Adverb__1
written_rep: as the crow flies
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: напряму́ю | прямиком | прямой
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a straight line distance between two locations, as opposed to the road distance or over land distance.


lexentry: eng/as_you_sow,_so_shall_you_reap__Proverb__1
written_rep: as you sow, so shall you reap
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
The consequences of one's actions to oneself are in proportion to one's good or bad intentions towards others.

trans_list:
как ау́кнется, так и откли́кнется | как посе́ешь, так и пожнёшь | кто се́ет ветер, пожнёт бу́рю | что посе́ешь, то и пожнёшь


lexentry: eng/as_you_were__Interjection__1
written_rep: as you were
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вольно | отставить
sense_list:
Disregard the previous partial command or order and return to the most recent formal command or order.


lexentry: eng/as_you_wish__Interjection__1
written_rep: as you wish
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как вам уго́дно | как хоти́те
sense_list:
A formal expression of agreement to something, especially with the connotation that one does not really agree.


lexentry: eng/asafoetida__Noun__1
written_rep: asafoetida
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асафетида
sense_list:
A resinous gum from the stem and roots of Ferula species such as Ferula foetida and Ferula assa-foetida, having a strong, unpleasant smell, with culinary and medical uses. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/asarabacca__Noun__1
written_rep: asarabacca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копы́тень
sense_list:
An acrid herbaceous plant, Asarum europaeum, the leaves and roots of which were used for emetic and cathartic purposes.


lexentry: eng/asbestos__Noun__1
written_rep: asbestos
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асбе́ст | асбест
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate, used for fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings, chemical filters, suits, fireman's gloves, etc.


lexentry: eng/ascariasis__Noun__1
written_rep: ascariasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аскаридоз
sense_list:
A disease of humans caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides in humans and by other species of Ascaris in other mammals.


lexentry: eng/ascendant__Adjective__1
written_rep: ascendant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: растущий
sense_list:
Moving upward; ascending, rising. | (astrology) In an eastern direction rising just above the horizon. | (astronomy) Rising towards the zenith.


lexentry: eng/ascendant__Noun__1
written_rep: ascendant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: растущий
sense_list:
(astrology, also, figurative) The degree of the zodiac or point of the ecliptic which rises in an eastern direction above the horizon at a particular moment (especially the moment of a person's birth), which is supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's fortune and life; a horoscope. | (genealogy) An ancestor.


lexentry: eng/ascesis__Noun__1
written_rep: ascesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аске́за
sense_list:
(Rigorous) self-discipline, particularly as a religious observance; asceticism. | (Christianity, chiefly, Eastern Orthodoxy, and, Catholicism, specifically) The praxis or "exercise" of asceticism and self-denial of impulses or passions for the sake of piety, theosis, and connection with God.


lexentry: eng/ascetic__Noun__1
written_rep: ascetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аске́т | аскет
sense_list:
One who is devoted to the practice of self-denial, either through seclusion or stringent abstinence.


lexentry: eng/ascites__Noun__1
written_rep: ascites
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асцит
sense_list:
(medicine) An accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, frequently symptomatic of liver disease.


lexentry: eng/ascomycete__Noun__1
written_rep: ascomycete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аскомице́т
sense_list:
(mycology) Any fungus of the phylum Ascomycota, characterized by the production of a sac, or ascus, which contains non-motile spores.


lexentry: eng/ascorbic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: ascorbic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аскорби́новая кислота́ | аскорбиновая кислота
sense_list:
(vitamin) A white crystalline organic compound, C6H8O6, found in citrus fruits and many vegetables; it is an antioxidant and an efficient scavenger of free radicals.


lexentry: eng/ascribe__Verb__1
written_rep: ascribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: припи́сывать | приписа́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To attribute (a cause or characteristic) to someone or something. | (transitive) To attribute (a book, painting, or any other work of art or literature) to a writer or creator.


lexentry: eng/ascription__Noun__1
written_rep: ascription
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: припи́сывание
sense_list:
The act, or an instance, of ascribing a quality, characteristic, quotation, artistic work, or other thing to someone or something.


lexentry: eng/ascus__Noun__1
written_rep: ascus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аск | сумка
sense_list:
(mycology) A sac-shaped cell present in ascomycete fungi; it is a reproductive cell in which meiosis and an additional cell division produce eight spores.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: asexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: асексуа́льный
sense_list:
(especially, of a person) Not experiencing sexual attraction; lacking interest in or desire for sex.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: asexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: беспо́лый
sense_list:
(biology) Lacking distinct sex, lacking sexual organs. | (biology) Without sexual action; reproducing by some other method than sex.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Noun__1
written_rep: asexual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: асексуа́л | асексуали́ст
sense_list:
A person who does not experience sexual attraction; a person who lacks interest in or desire for sex.


lexentry: eng/ashamed__Adjective__1
written_rep: ashamed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: присты́женный | со́вестно | сты́дно
sense_list:
(chiefly, of someone in trouble and undergoing punishment for doing something wrong) Feeling shame or guilt.


lexentry: eng/ashcan__Noun__1
written_rep: ashcan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мусор
sense_list:
A container for collecting ashes, especially from wood and coal fires, for eventual disposal elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/ashlar__Noun__1
written_rep: ashlar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: белый камень
sense_list:
(architecture) Masonry employing flat and well-squared stone or brick, creating an appearance similar to wooden flooring.


lexentry: eng/ashram__Noun__1
written_rep: ashram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ашра́м
sense_list:
(Hinduism) A secluded religious hermitage inhabited by gurus, or the population of such a hermitage.


lexentry: eng/ashugh__Noun__1
written_rep: ashugh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аши́к | ашу́г
sense_list:
A mystic bard, balladeer, or troubadour in the South Caucasus, Iran or Turkey who accompanied their songs with a long-necked lute (saz).


lexentry: eng/ashy-headed_goose__Noun__1
written_rep: ashy-headed goose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сероголо́вый магелла́нов гу́сь
sense_list:
Any of the species Chloephaga poliocephala of waterfowl of southern Chile and Argentina, which have gray heads and orange forebodies.


lexentry: eng/ashy_minivet__Noun__1
written_rep: ashy minivet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́пельный длиннохво́стый личинкое́д | се́рый личинкое́д
sense_list:
A passerine bird, Pericrocotus divaricatus, of eastern Asia that belongs to the minivet genus Pericrocotus in the cuckooshrike family, Campephagidae.


lexentry: eng/askari__Noun__1
written_rep: askari
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аскари
sense_list:
(historical) A member of a local African military or police unit, usually one serving in a European colonial force.


lexentry: eng/aspartame__Noun__1
written_rep: aspartame
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аспартам
sense_list:
(organic compound) An artificial sweetener, the methyl ester of a dipeptide formed from aspartic acid and phenylalanine, used in many processed foods and beverages.


lexentry: eng/aspartic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: aspartic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аспараги́новая кислота́ | аспарагиновая кислота
sense_list:
(amino acid) A nonessential amino acid, L-α-amino-succinic acid, aminobutanedioic acid, found in animal protein and in sugar beet etc (C4H7NO4).


lexentry: eng/aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: вид | перспекти́ва
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatical quality of a verb which determines the relationship of the speaker to the internal temporal flow of the event which the verb describes, or whether the speaker views the event from outside as a whole, or from within as it is unfolding. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/aspect_ratio__Noun__1
written_rep: aspect ratio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: коэффицие́нт пропорциона́льности
sense_list:
The ratio of width to height in a flat surface or 2-dimensional abstract construction, such as an image, character, or pixel.


lexentry: eng/aspen__Noun__1
written_rep: aspen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оси́на | осина
sense_list:
A poplar tree, especially of section Populus sect. Populus, of medium-size trees with thin, straight trunks of a greenish-white color.


lexentry: eng/aspergillum__Noun__1
written_rep: aspergillum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кропи́ло | кропило
sense_list:
(Christianity) An implement, in the form of a brush or of a rod with a perforated container, for sprinkling holy water; a holy-water sprinkle.


lexentry: eng/asperity__Noun__1
written_rep: asperity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: жёсткость | суро́вость
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being harsh or severe in the way one behaves or speaks toward another person; (countable, chiefly, in the plural) a deeply hostile or resentful feeling; an animosity, a hatred.


lexentry: eng/aspersion__Noun__1
written_rep: aspersion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клевета́
sense_list:
An attack on somebody's reputation or good name, often in the phrase to cast aspersions upon…. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/asphalt__Noun__1
written_rep: asphalt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асфа́льт | асфальт
sense_list:
A sticky, black to brown and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid, composed almost entirely of bitumen with small mineral particles, that is present in most crude petroleums and in some natural deposits.


lexentry: eng/asphalt_jungle__Noun__1
written_rep: asphalt jungle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́менные джу́нгли
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A city or urban area, where the landscape is covered by pavement and the environment is alienating and unsafe.


lexentry: eng/asphodel__Noun__1
written_rep: asphodel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асфоде́ль | златоцве́тник
sense_list:
Any of the flowering plants of the family Asphodelaceae, especially Asphodelus ramosus and Asphodelus albus; the flower of these plants.


lexentry: eng/asphyxia__Noun__1
written_rep: asphyxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: асфикси́я | уду́шье
sense_list:
Loss of consciousness due to the body's inability to deliver oxygen to its tissues, either by the breathing of air lacking oxygen or by the inability of the blood to carry oxygen. | (medicine, obsolete) A condition in which an extreme decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the body leads to loss of consciousness or death. Replaced in the mid-20th century by the more specific terms anoxia, hypoxia, hypoxemia and hypercapnia.


lexentry: eng/aspidistra__Noun__1
written_rep: aspidistra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аспиди́стра
sense_list:
any of several Asian plants, of the genus Aspidistra, having large leaves and small bell-shaped flowers; widely cultivated as a houseplant


lexentry: eng/aspirate__Verb__1
written_rep: aspirate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: произноси́ть с придыханием
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, linguistics) To produce an audible puff of breath, especially following a consonant, such as the letter "h" at the beginning of house or hat in standard English.


lexentry: eng/aspirated_h__Noun__1
written_rep: aspirated h
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: придыха́тельное аш
sense_list:
(French phonology) In the French language, usage of the letter h at the start of a word which does not allow liaison with a preceding consonant or elision of a preceding schwa.


lexentry: eng/aspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: aspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амби́ция | наде́жда | стремле́ние
sense_list:
The act of aspiring or ardently desiring; an ardent wish or desire, chiefly after what is elevated or spiritual (with common adjunct adpositions being to and of).


lexentry: eng/asplenia__Noun__1
written_rep: asplenia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асплени́я
sense_list:
(biology, medicine) Absence of normal function of the spleen, from any cause: | (biology, medicine) Physiological absence of splenic function; either substantial or total splenic dysfunction; splenic nonfunction.


lexentry: eng/ass-backwards__Adverb__1
written_rep: ass-backwards
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ра́ком | че́рез жопу | ши́ворот-навы́ворот
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial) In a hopelessly misguided manner; in a manner contrary to what is normal, expected, or logical.


lexentry: eng/ass-kisser__Noun__1
written_rep: ass-kisser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жополи́з
sense_list:
(North America, slang, vulgar) Someone who kisses ass (who acts obsequiously in order to gain another's favor).


lexentry: eng/ass-licker__Noun__1
written_rep: ass-licker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жополи́з | жополи́зка
sense_list:
(US, vulgar, slang) Someone who succumbs to authority, doing whatever authority figures ask and attempting to please them in every possible way; (by extension) any contemptible person. | (US, vulgar, slang) Someone who performs anilingus.


lexentry: eng/ass__Noun__1
written_rep: ass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: осёл | иша́к
sense_list:
Any of several species of horse-like animals, especially Equus asinus, the domesticated of which are used as beasts of burden.


lexentry: eng/ass__Noun__2
written_rep: ass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: е́бля | тра́ханье | трах
sense_list:
(synecdochically, uncountable) Sex; a person to have sex with; with vulgar emphasis on their corporeality (their body) over their personhood.


lexentry: eng/assassin__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассаси́н | хашаши́н
sense_list:
(historical, , usually, capitalized) A member of the Nizari Ismaili Muslim community of the Alamut Period.


lexentry: eng/assassin__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ки́ллер | наёмный уби́йца | уби́йца
sense_list:
Someone who intentionally kills a person, especially a professional who kills a public or political figure.


lexentry: eng/assassin_bug__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin bug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хищне́ц
sense_list:
Any true bug from the subfamily Reduviinae of the family Reduviidae, all of which eat other insects. They can inflict a very painful bite, but don't cause disease. | Any true bug from any of the subfamilies of the Reduviidae, including those in the subfamily Triatominae, which suck blood and may transmit Chagas' disease to humans.


lexentry: eng/assassinate__Verb__1
written_rep: assassinate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уби́ть | убива́ть
sense_list:
To murder someone, especially an important person, by a sudden or obscure attack, especially for ideological or political reasons. [from 17th c.] | (figuratively) To harm, ruin, or defame severely or destroy by treachery, slander, libel, or obscure attack.


lexentry: eng/assault_rifle__Noun__1
written_rep: assault rifle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автома́т | штурмова́я винто́вка
sense_list:
A military select-fire rifle or carbine that fires a shortened rifle caliber round or lower-power smaller-calibre round, from a high-capacity magazine.


lexentry: eng/assay__Noun__1
written_rep: assay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: про́ба
sense_list:
The act or process of ascertaining the proportion of a particular metal in an ore or alloy; especially, the determination of the proportion of gold or silver in bullion or coin.


lexentry: eng/assegai__Noun__1
written_rep: assegai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассагай
sense_list:
A slim hardwood spear or javelin with an iron tip, especially those used by Bantu peoples of Southern Africa.


lexentry: eng/assemblage__Noun__1
written_rep: assemblage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соединение
sense_list:
The process of assembling or bringing together. | A collection of things which have been gathered together or assembled. | (archaeology) A group of different artifacts found in association with one another.


lexentry: eng/assemblage_point__Noun__1
written_rep: assemblage point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[то́чка]] сбо́рки
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) Any vortex of an energy field (including but not limited to any given organism).


lexentry: eng/assembler__Noun__1
written_rep: assembler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассемблер
sense_list:
(programming, countable) A program that reads source code written in assembly language and produces executable machine code, possibly together with information needed by linkers, debuggers and other tools.


lexentry: eng/assembly__Noun__1
written_rep: assembly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: блок | у́зел
sense_list:
(computing, Microsoft .NET) A building block of an application, similar to a DLL, but containing both executable code and information normally found in a DLL's type library. The type library information in an assembly, called a manifest, describes public functions, data, classes, and version information.


lexentry: eng/assembly_language__Noun__1
written_rep: assembly language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассе́мблер | язы́к ассе́мблера
sense_list:
(computer languages) A programming language in which the source code of programs is composed of mnemonic instructions, each of which corresponds directly to a machine instruction for a particular processor.


lexentry: eng/assembly_line__Noun__1
written_rep: assembly line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конве́йер | ли́ния сбо́рки | сбо́рочная ли́ния
sense_list:
(manufacturing) A system of workers and machinery in which a product is assembled in a series of consecutive operations; typically the product is conveyed by a continuously moving belt.


lexentry: eng/assert__Verb__1
written_rep: assert
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: отста́ивать | отстоя́ть | утверди́ть | утвержда́ть
sense_list:
(reflexive) To insist on the legitimacy of one's rights, opinion, etc; not to allow oneself to be dismissed; to ensure that one is taken into consideration; to make oneself respected; to be assertive. See assert oneself.


lexentry: eng/asshole__Noun__1
written_rep: asshole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гад | говню́к | жо́пошник | засра́нец | муда́к | мудоёб
sense_list:
(vulgar, derogatory, or, offensive, synecdochically) A jerk; an inappropriately or objectionably mean, inconsiderate, contemptible, obnoxious, intrusive, stupid, or rude person.


lexentry: eng/assimilation__Noun__1
written_rep: assimilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ассимиля́ция | ассимиляция
sense_list:
(phonology) A sound change process by which the phonetics of a speech segment becomes more like that of another segment in a word (or at a word boundary), so that a change of phoneme occurs.


lexentry: eng/assimilation__Noun__1
written_rep: assimilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ассимиляция
sense_list:
(sociology, cultural studies) The adoption, by a minority group, of the customs and attitudes of the dominant culture.


lexentry: eng/assist__Verb__1
written_rep: assist
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассисти́ровать | помо́чь | помога́ть | посоде́йствовать | поспосо́бствовать | соде́йствовать
sense_list:
To help. | (medicine) To help compensate for what is missing with the help of a medical technique or therapy.


lexentry: eng/assistant_referee__Noun__1
written_rep: assistant referee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: судья на линии
sense_list:
(soccer, British) : One of the two officials at an association football match, previously known as linesmen, who assist the referee.


lexentry: eng/assistive_technology__Noun__1
written_rep: assistive technology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вспомогательное средство
sense_list:
Umbrella term that includes adaptive, assistive, and rehabilitative devices for people with disabilities.


lexentry: eng/assless__Adjective__1
written_rep: assless
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доска
sense_list:
without an ass | (North America, vulgar) devoid of sexual intercourse | (North America, of trousers or chaps) uncovered at the rear


lexentry: eng/associate's_degree__Noun__1
written_rep: associate's degree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бакалавр
sense_list:
(US, Canada) An academic degree awarded after the equivalent of approximately two years of college education, usually by a community college.


lexentry: eng/associate_professor__Noun__1
written_rep: associate professor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доцент
sense_list:
(education) A teacher in a higher education institution who ranks above an assistant professor and below a professor.


lexentry: eng/association_football__Noun__1
written_rep: association football
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: футбо́л
sense_list:
A ball game played between two teams of eleven players, each attempting to win by scoring more goals than their opponent.


lexentry: eng/associative__Adjective__1
written_rep: associative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ассоциати́вный | ассоциативный
sense_list:
(algebra, of a binary operator *) Such that, for any operands a, b and c, (a * b) * c = a * (b * c); (of a ring, etc.) whose multiplication operation is associative.


lexentry: eng/associative_array__Noun__1
written_rep: associative array
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: слова́рь
sense_list:
(computing) An array-like data structure where the indices (called keys) are not limited to integers.


lexentry: eng/assonance__Noun__1
written_rep: assonance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассона́нс
sense_list:
(prosody) The repetition of similar or identical vowel sounds (though with different consonants), usually in literature or poetry.


lexentry: eng/assurance__Noun__1
written_rep: assurance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: завере́ние | увере́ние
sense_list:
(insurance) Insurance; a contract for the payment of a sum on occasion of a certain event, as loss or death. Assurance is used in relation to life contingencies, and insurance in relation to other contingencies. It is called temporary assurance, in the time within which the contingent event must happen is limited.


lexentry: eng/assure__Verb__1
written_rep: assure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заве́рить | заверя́ть | убеди́ть | убежда́ть | уве́рить | уверя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, followed by that or of) To give (someone) confidence in the trustworthiness of (something).


lexentry: eng/asswipe__Noun__1
written_rep: asswipe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: туалетная бумага
sense_list:
(North America, informal, mildly, vulgar, offensive, or, derogatory) An annoying, contemptible, or worthless person.


lexentry: eng/astaxanthin__Noun__1
written_rep: astaxanthin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астаксанти́н
sense_list:
(organic compound) A xanthophyll pigment that occurs widely in plants and animals, especially crustaceans.


lexentry: eng/asterisk__Noun__1
written_rep: asterisk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: звезди́ца
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism) An instrument with radiating arms resembling a star which is placed over the diskos (or paten) used during the Eucharist to prevent the veil covering the chalice and diskos from touching the host on the diskos.


lexentry: eng/asterism__Noun__1
written_rep: asterism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астери́зм
sense_list:
(constellation) An unofficial constellation (small group of stars that forms a visible pattern). | (mineralogy) A star-shaped figure exhibited by some crystals by reflected light (as in a star sapphire) or by transmitted light (as in some mica).


lexentry: eng/asterism__Noun__1
written_rep: asterism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: астери́зм | три звёздочки
sense_list:
A rarely used typographical symbol of three asterisks arranged in a triangle, ⁂, used to call attention to a passage or to separate subchapters in a book. Distinct from a dinkus which also uses asterisks to separate.


lexentry: eng/asteroid__Noun__1
written_rep: asteroid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астеро́ид | ма́лая плане́та | астероид
sense_list:
(astronomy) A naturally occurring solid object, which is smaller than a planet and a dwarf planet, larger than a meteoroid and not a comet, that orbits a star and often has an irregular shape.


lexentry: eng/asteroid_belt__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: asteroid belt
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́яс астеро́идов
sense_list:
(astronomy) The main asteroid belt, the region of the orbital plane of the Solar System located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter which is occupied by numerous minor planets (asteroids) and the dwarf planet Ceres.


lexentry: eng/asteronym__Noun__1
written_rep: asteronym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астроним
sense_list:
(typography, rare) An asterism (⁂) or similar symbol which replaces the name of the author in a literary work.


lexentry: eng/asthma__Noun__1
written_rep: asthma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́стма | астма
sense_list:
(pathology) A long-term respiratory condition, in which the airways may unexpectedly and suddenly narrow, often in response to an allergen, cold air, exercise, or emotional stress. Symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing.


lexentry: eng/astigmatism__Noun__1
written_rep: astigmatism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астигмати́зм | астигматизм
sense_list:
(optics) A defect of a lens such that light rays coming from a point do not meet at a focal point so that the image is blurred. | (pathology) A disorder of the vision, usually due to a misshapen cornea, such that light does not focus correctly on the retina causing a blurred image.


lexentry: eng/astrakhan__Noun__1
written_rep: astrakhan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мерлу́шка | сму́шек | сму́шка
sense_list:
Closely-curled black or grey fleece of very young karakul lambs from Astrakhan. | Cloth resembling the above mentioned fur, often made from wool and mohair and used for trimmings.


lexentry: eng/astral__Adjective__1
written_rep: astral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: астра́льный | звёздный
sense_list:
(parapsychology, theosophy, fantasy) Composed of ethereal material or non-physical (sometimes supersensible), and capable of sometimes separating from the physical body (as an astral body) to travel to other places or to other realms of existence (in or via the astral plane).


lexentry: eng/astral_body__Noun__1
written_rep: astral body
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астра́льное те́ло
sense_list:
(parapsychology, theosophy, fantasy) A ghost-like replica of one's physical body which supposedly inhabits or is somehow associated with the physical body, conceived as a subtle body composed of some sort of ethereal material or as being non-physical and capable of sometimes separating from the physical body to travel to other places or to other realms of existence.


lexentry: eng/astrodynamics__Noun__1
written_rep: astrodynamics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астродинамика
sense_list:
The study of the motion of rockets and spacecraft, usually from Newton's laws of motion, Newtonian gravity, and Kepler's laws


lexentry: eng/astrognosy__Noun__1
written_rep: astrognosy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрогнозия
sense_list:
(astronomy, archaic) Knowledge of the stars, especially the fixed stars; the branch of astronomy dealing with the fixed stars. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/astrological_sign__Noun__1
written_rep: astrological sign
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зна́к | зна́к зодиа́ка
sense_list:
(astrology) Any of twelve signs, corresponding to constellations, that are used as the basis of astrology


lexentry: eng/astrology__Noun__1
written_rep: astrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астроло́гия | астрология
sense_list:
Divination about human affairs or natural phenomena from the relative positions of celestial bodies. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/astrometry__Noun__1
written_rep: astrometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрометрия
sense_list:
(astronomy) The branch of astronomy that deals with the measurement of the positions and motions of celestial bodies, particularly stars.


lexentry: eng/astronaut__Noun__1
written_rep: astronaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрона́вт | астрона́втка | космона́вт | космона́втка
sense_list:
A member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft that travels beyond Earth's atmosphere, or someone trained to serve that purpose.


lexentry: eng/astronomer__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астроно́м | астроном
sense_list:
(astronomy) One who studies astronomy, the stars or the physical universe; a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics.


lexentry: eng/astronomical__Adjective__1
written_rep: astronomical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрономи́ческий | астрономический
sense_list:
(not comparable, astronomy) Of or relating to astronomy. | (comparable) Very large; of vast measure.


lexentry: eng/astronomical_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomical unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрономи́ческая едини́ца | астрономическая единица
sense_list:
(astronomy) 149,597,870,700 metres, the approximate mean distance from the Earth to the Sun (the semi-major axis of Earth's orbit), (symbol AU), used to measure distances in the solar system.


lexentry: eng/astronomy__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астроно́мия | астрономия
sense_list:
The study of the physical universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere, including the process of mapping locations and properties of the matter and radiation in the universe.


lexentry: eng/astrophotography__Noun__1
written_rep: astrophotography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́строфотогра́фия
sense_list:
(astronomy, photography) The photography or imaging of astronomical objects, celestial events or areas of the night sky.


lexentry: eng/astrophysics__Noun__1
written_rep: astrophysics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрофи́зика | астрофизика
sense_list:
The branch of astronomy or physics that deals with the physical properties of celestial bodies and with the interaction between matter and radiation in celestial bodies and in the space between them.


lexentry: eng/asylum__Noun__1
written_rep: asylum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
sense_list:
(dated) A place of protection or restraint for one or more classes of the disadvantaged, especially the mentally ill.

trans_list:
[[психиатрический|психиатри́ческая]] [[больни́ца]] | [[психиатрический|психиатри́ческая]] [[лече́бница]] | дурдо́м | психбольни́ца | психу́шка | сумасше́дший дом


lexentry: eng/asylum_seeker__Noun__1
written_rep: asylum seeker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
A person who has applied for asylum in a foreign country but has not yet been granted refugee status by that country.

trans_list:
[[лицо́]], [[ищущий|ищу́щее]] [[убе́жище]] | [[соиска́тель]] [[убежище|убе́жища]] | [[соиска́тельница]] [[убежище|убе́жища]] | бе́женец | бе́женка


lexentry: eng/asymmetry__Noun__1
written_rep: asymmetry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асимметри́я
sense_list:
Absence of symmetry or proportion between the parts of a thing, or a distinction that produces such a lack of symmetry.


lexentry: eng/asymptote__Noun__1
written_rep: asymptote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асимпто́та | асимптота
sense_list:
(analysis) A straight line which a curve approaches arbitrarily closely as it goes to infinity. The limit of the curve; its tangent "at infinity".


lexentry: eng/at__Preposition__1
written_rep: at
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: в
sense_list:
Indicating time of occurrence, especially an instant of time, or a period of time relatively short in context or from the speaker’s perspective. | Occupied in (activity).


lexentry: eng/at_a_loss_for_words__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: at a loss for words
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ошеломлённый
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Having nothing to say; not knowing what to say; stunned to the point of being speechless.


lexentry: eng/at_it__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: at it
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: за [[это|э́тим]] | при [[это|э́том]]
sense_list:
Occupied with a given activity; busy with something. [from 17th c.] | Engaged in sexual intercourse or other sexual activity.


lexentry: eng/at_length__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: at length
trans_list:
без [[сокращение|сокраще́ний]] | во всех [[подробность|подро́бностях]] | дета́льно | многосло́вно | обстоя́тельно | по́лностью


lexentry: eng/at_sixes_and_sevens__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: at sixes and sevens
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беспорядок | вверх дном
sense_list:
(idiomatic, UK, Irish, Commonwealth) In a state of confusion. | (idiomatic, of people or groups) In a state of dispute or disagreement.


lexentry: eng/ataman__Noun__1
written_rep: ataman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атама́н
sense_list:
(historical) A title of Cossack and haidamak leaders of various kinds. The term was also used for the leader of a fisherman artel and of a band of robbers or thieves.


lexentry: eng/atavism__Noun__1
written_rep: atavism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атави́зм
sense_list:
The reappearance of an ancestral characteristic in an organism after several generations of absence; a throwback.


lexentry: eng/atavistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atavistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атависти́ческий
sense_list:
(biology) Of the recurrence of a trait reappearing after an absence of one or more generations due to a chance recombination of genes.


lexentry: eng/ataxia__Noun__1
written_rep: ataxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атакси́я | атаксия
sense_list:
(physical chemistry, organic chemistry) The condition of a polymer in which the orientation of the subunits is random


lexentry: eng/ateji__Noun__1
written_rep: ateji
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атэ́дзи
sense_list:
(linguistics) The use of kanji chosen primarily for their phonetic (narrow sense) or semantic (broad sense) value to represent foreign or native Japanese words, or the kanji so used.


lexentry: eng/athame__Noun__1
written_rep: athame
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атам
sense_list:
A ceremonial pointed knife or dagger, used especially in Wicca and other neopagan traditions and typically having a black handle with magical symbols on it. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/atheism__Noun__1
written_rep: atheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атеи́зм | безбо́жие | атеизм
sense_list:
(broadly) A lack of belief in deities, or a belief that there is insufficient evidence to believe in a god.


lexentry: eng/atheist__Noun__1
written_rep: atheist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неве́рующая | неве́рующий | атеи́ст | атеи́стка | безбо́жник | безбо́жница
sense_list:
(broadly) A person who doubts the existence of deities (therefore, an agnostic may be considered an atheist). | (narrowly) A person who is certain that no deities exist or who thinks that the existence of deities can be disproven.


lexentry: eng/athematic__Adjective__1
written_rep: athematic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атемати́ческий
sense_list:
(linguistics) Of a root, not having a thematic vowel and thus attaching inflections directly to the root.


lexentry: eng/atherosclerosis__Noun__1
written_rep: atherosclerosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атеросклероз
sense_list:
(pathology) The clogging or hardening of arteries or blood vessels caused by plaques (accumulations of fatty deposits, usually cholesterol).


lexentry: eng/athetosis__Noun__1
written_rep: athetosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атетоз
sense_list:
(symptom) A series of involuntary writhing movements of the limbs, typically bilateral and symmetric and predominantly affecting the distal parts of the limbs.


lexentry: eng/athlete's_foot__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete's foot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: грибо́к стопы́ | эпидермофити́я стопы́
sense_list:
(disease) A fungal infection of the skin of the foot, usually between the toes, caused by pathogen fungi, such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, syn. Trichophyton mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum


lexentry: eng/athlete__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: легкоатле́т | легкоатле́тка
sense_list:
A participant in any of a group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country running and racewalking.


lexentry: eng/athlete__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атле́т | атле́тка | спортсме́н | спортсме́нка
sense_list:
(US, Canada) A person who actively participates in physical sports, especially with great skill; a sportsperson.


lexentry: eng/athletic_shoe__Noun__1
written_rep: athletic shoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кеды
sense_list:
(footwear) A shoe designed for sports or other forms of physical exercise, typically with a soft, rubber sole.


lexentry: eng/athletics__Noun__1
written_rep: athletics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атле́тика
sense_list:
(sports, especially, _, US) Physical activities such as sports and games requiring stamina, fitness and skill.


lexentry: eng/athwart__Preposition__1
written_rep: athwart
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: напереко́р
sense_list:
Across the course or path of, so as to meet; hence (figuratively) , to the attention of. | Across the course or path of, so as to oppose.


lexentry: eng/atlas__Noun__1
written_rep: atlas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: атла́нт | атлас
sense_list:
(anatomy) The uppermost vertebra of the cervical spine in the neck in humans and some other animals. | (architecture) A figure of a man used as a column.


lexentry: eng/atmosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: atmosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обстано́вка
sense_list:
(figuratively) The conditions (such as music, illumination etc.) that can influence the mood felt in an environment.


lexentry: eng/atmosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: atmosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: атмосфе́ра | атмосфера
sense_list:
A unit of measurement for pressure equal to 101325 Pa (symbol: atm), approximately the atmospheric pressure at sea level.


lexentry: eng/atoll__Noun__1
written_rep: atoll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ато́лл | атолл
sense_list:
A type of island consisting of a ribbon reef that nearly or entirely surrounds a lagoon and supports, in most cases, one to many islets on the reef platform.


lexentry: eng/atom__Noun__1
written_rep: atom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атом | а́том
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/atom__Noun__1
written_rep: atom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́том | атом
sense_list:
(history of science) A hypothetical particle posited by Greek philosophers as an ultimate and indivisible component of matter. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/atom__Noun__1
written_rep: atom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: атом
sense_list:
(now generally regarded, _, figuratively) The smallest, indivisible constituent part or unit of something. [from 17th c.] | (mathematics) A non-zero member of a partially ordered set that has only zero below it (assuming that the poset has a least element, its "zero"). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/atomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́томный | атомный
sense_list:
(physics, chemistry) Of or relating to atoms; composed of atoms; monatomic. | Employing or relating to nuclear energy or processes.


lexentry: eng/atomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: атомарный
sense_list:
(computing, of an operation) Guaranteed to complete either fully or not at all while waiting in a pause, and running synchronously when called by multiple asynchronous threads.


lexentry: eng/atomic_clock__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic clock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́томные часы́ | атомные часы
sense_list:
An extremely accurate reference clock whose operation is based on an atomic process, typically the frequency of electromagnetic radiation associated with a specified energy-level transition in an element such as cesium.


lexentry: eng/atomic_mass_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic mass unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атомная единица массы
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) A unit of mass equal to 1/12 the mass of an atom of 12C (carbon-12, an isotope of carbon).


lexentry: eng/atomic_nucleus__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic nucleus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́томное ядро́ | атомное ядро
sense_list:
(physics) A nucleus of an atom; consisting of protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud.


lexentry: eng/atomic_weight__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic weight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атомная масса
sense_list:
(physics) A term used to represent the mean relative atomic mass of an element in nature, as distinct from the relative atomic mass of a single isotope.


lexentry: eng/atomism__Noun__1
written_rep: atomism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атоми́зм | атомизм
sense_list:
(philosophy) The ancient Greek theory that all matter is composed of very small indestructible and indivisible particles.


lexentry: eng/atomist__Noun__1
written_rep: atomist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атомист
sense_list:
An adherent of atomism; one who believes matter is composed of elementary indivisible particles. | An adherent of the atomic theory.


lexentry: eng/atomizer__Noun__1
written_rep: atomizer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пульвериза́тор | спрей
sense_list:
An instrument for reducing a liquid to spray or vapor for disinfecting, cooling, medical use or perfume spraying.


lexentry: eng/atomoxetine__Noun__1
written_rep: atomoxetine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атомоксети́н
sense_list:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A nonstimulant drug used for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.


lexentry: eng/atone__Verb__1
written_rep: atone
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: возмеща́ть | компенси́ровать
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To make reparation, compensation, amends or satisfaction for an offence, crime, mistake or deficiency. [from 1680s]


lexentry: eng/atonement__Noun__1
written_rep: atonement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: искупле́ние | распла́та
sense_list:
(theology, often with capitalized initial) The reconciliation of God and mankind through the death of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/atonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атонический
sense_list:
(linguistics) not having tone (pitch) | (pathology) Lacking muscle tone. | (medicine) Characterized by atony, or want of vital energy.


lexentry: eng/atopy__Noun__1
written_rep: atopy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атопия
sense_list:
(medicine) A hereditary disorder marked by the tendency to develop localized immediate hypersensitivity reactions to allergens such as pollen, food etc and is manifested by hay fever, asthma, or similar allergic conditions; generally considered to be caused by the interaction of environmental and genetic factors.


lexentry: eng/atrial_fibrillation__Noun__1
written_rep: atrial fibrillation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фибрилляция предсердий
sense_list:
(pathology) A cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm) that involves the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
written_rep: atrium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́трий | а́триум
sense_list:
(architecture) A central room or space in ancient Roman homes, open to the sky in the middle; a similar space in other buildings. | (architecture) A square hall lit by daylight from above, into which rooms open at one or more levels.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
written_rep: atrium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: предсе́рдие | атриум
sense_list:
(palynology) A cavity inside a porate aperture of a pollen grain formed by the separation of the sexine and nexine layers, widening toward the interior of the grain.


lexentry: eng/atrophy__Noun__1
written_rep: atrophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атрофи́я | атрофия
sense_list:
(pathology) A reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease, injury or lack of use. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/atropine__Noun__1
written_rep: atropine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атропи́н | атропин
sense_list:
(poison, pharmaceutical drug) An alkaloid extracted from the plant deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other sources, such as the seeds of the thorn-apple. Though overdoses would be fatal it is used as a drug in medicine for its paralytic effects (e.g. in surgery to relax muscles, in dentistry to dry the mouth, in ophthalmology to dilate the pupils).


lexentry: eng/attach__Verb__1
written_rep: attach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: заде́рживать | задержа́ть
sense_list:
To win the heart of; to connect by ties of love or self-interest; to attract; to fasten or bind by moral influence; with to. | (obsolete, legal) To arrest, seize.


lexentry: eng/attack__Noun__1
written_rep: attack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ата́ка | уда́р
sense_list:
(volleyball) Any contact with the ball other than a serve or block which sends the ball across the plane of the net.


lexentry: eng/attack__Verb__1
written_rep: attack
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: напа́сть | напада́ть | критикова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To begin to affect; to act upon injuriously or destructively; to begin to decompose or waste.


lexentry: eng/attack_aircraft__Noun__1
written_rep: attack aircraft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: штурмови́к
sense_list:
A tactical military aircraft designed to carry out precise airstrikes against ground or naval targets


lexentry: eng/attack_helicopter__Noun__1
written_rep: attack helicopter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: боево́й вертолёт | уда́рный вертолёт
sense_list:
(military) An armed helicopter with the offensive capability of engaging ground targets such as enemy infantry, military vehicles, and fortifications. [from 1950s]


lexentry: eng/attacker__Noun__1
written_rep: attacker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: напада́ющий
sense_list:
(soccer) One of the players on a team in football (soccer) in the row nearest to the opposing team's goal, who are therefore principally responsible for scoring goals.


lexentry: eng/attain__Verb__1
written_rep: attain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: доби́ться | добива́ться | дости́гнуть | дости́чь | достига́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To reach or come to, by progression or motion; to arrive at (a place, time, state, etc.).


lexentry: eng/attainment__Noun__1
written_rep: attainment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: достиже́ние
sense_list:
The act of attaining; the act of arriving at or reaching; the act of obtaining by exertion or effort.


lexentry: eng/attend__Verb__1
written_rep: attend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: посети́ть | посеща́ть | прису́тствовать | ходи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To be present at (an event or place) in order to take part in some action or proceedings; also, to regularly go to (an event or place). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/attend__Verb__1
written_rep: attend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: занима́ться | заня́ться | име́ть де́ло | удели́ть внима́ние | уделя́ть внима́ние
sense_list:
(transitive, obsolete) To give consideration to (someone or something); to heed, to pay attention, to regard.


lexentry: eng/attention__Interjection__1
written_rep: attention
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: внима́ние | внимание
sense_list:
A call for people to be quiet/stop doing what they are presently doing and pay heed to what they are to be told or shown.


lexentry: eng/attention__Noun__1
written_rep: attention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: внима́ние | уха́живания
sense_list:
(countable) An action or remark expressing concern for or interest in someone or something, especially romantic interest.


lexentry: eng/attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: СДВГ | синдро́м дефици́та внима́ния и гиперакти́вности
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) A developmental disorder in which a person has difficulty to concentrate and a persistent pattern of impulsiveness and inattention, with or without a component of hyperactivity.


lexentry: eng/attenuation__Noun__1
written_rep: attenuation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: аттенюа́ция | затуха́ние | ослабле́ние
sense_list:
(physics) A reduction in the level of some property with distance, especially the amplitude of a wave or the strength of a signal.


lexentry: eng/atter__Noun__1
written_rep: atter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гной
sense_list:
(archaic, or, UK, _, dialectal) Poisonous bodily fluid, especially venom of a venomous animal, such as a snake, dragon or other reptile; corrupt or morbid matter from the body, such as pus from a sore or wound; bitter substance, such as bile.


lexentry: eng/attestation__Noun__1
written_rep: attestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: засвиде́тельствование | подтвержде́ние
sense_list:
A thing that serves to bear witness, confirm, or authenticate; validation, verification, documentation.


lexentry: eng/attestation__Noun__1
written_rep: attestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: аттеста́ция
sense_list:
(business, finance) The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business records of an enterprise, public agency, or other organization.


lexentry: eng/attic__Noun__1
written_rep: attic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: манса́рда | черда́к
sense_list:
The space, often unfinished and with sloped walls, directly below the roof in the uppermost part of a house or other building, generally used for storage or habitation.


lexentry: eng/attitudinize__Verb__1
written_rep: attitudinize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: играть
sense_list:
To give the appearance of, or make a show of, (something) by assuming an affected or exaggerated attitude.


lexentry: eng/atto-__Prefix__1
written_rep: atto-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атто-
sense_list:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10−18 (short scale quintillionth or long scale trillionth).


lexentry: eng/attorney-client_privilege__Noun__1
written_rep: attorney-client privilege
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: адвока́тская та́йна
sense_list:
(legal) A legal doctrine that protects certain confidential communications between a lawyer and his or her clients.


lexentry: eng/attorney__Noun__1
written_rep: attorney
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пове́ренный | поверенный | представи́тель | представи́тельница
sense_list:
(law) An agent or representative authorized to act on someone else's behalf in accordance with that person's instructions.


lexentry: eng/attorney_general__Noun__1
written_rep: attorney general
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[мини́стр]] [[юстиция|юсти́ции]] | генера́льный прокуро́р | генпрокуро́р
sense_list:
The chief legal advisor to the government, overseeing legal affairs and ensuring that laws are uniformly and justly applied.


lexentry: eng/attract__Verb__1
written_rep: attract
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: привле́чь | привлека́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To draw by moral, emotional or sexual influence; to engage or fix, as the mind, attention, etc.; to invite or allure. | (transitive) To incur.


lexentry: eng/attractive__Adjective__1
written_rep: attractive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: привлека́тельный | симпати́чный
sense_list:
Having the power of charming or alluring by agreeable qualities; enticing. | Pleasing or appealing to the senses, especially of a potential romantic partner.


lexentry: eng/attributive_adjective__Noun__1
written_rep: attributive adjective
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эпитет
sense_list:
(grammar) An adjective that modifies the head of the noun phrase in which it occurs; an adjective that precedes the word or phrase it modifies.


lexentry: eng/attributive_noun__Noun__1
written_rep: attributive noun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атрибути́вное существи́тельное | определи́тельное существи́тельное
sense_list:
(grammar, when referring to a language other than English) A noun denoting bearer of a quality or an attribute of a subject, in reference to the lexical morpheme from which it is derived.


lexentry: eng/attrition__Noun__1
written_rep: attrition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: у́быль персона́ла
sense_list:
(human resources) A gradual, natural reduction in membership or personnel, as through injury, incapacitation, retirement, resignation, or death.


lexentry: eng/au_pair__Noun__1
written_rep: au pair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[помо́щница]] по [[хозяйство|хозя́йству]] | ня́ня | о-пе́р | о-пэ́р
sense_list:
A person (especially a young woman) working in such a way; now specifically, a foreign worker who helps a host family with childcare, housework, or both while staying as a guest with a host family, and generally receives a small allowance (or pocket money). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/auctioneer__Noun__1
written_rep: auctioneer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аукциони́ст | аукциони́стка
sense_list:
An individual who conducts an auction on behalf of a vendor, accepting bids to find the best price for the vendor.


lexentry: eng/audacity__Noun__1
written_rep: audacity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бесстра́шие
sense_list:
Fearlessness, intrepidity or daring, especially with confident disregard for personal safety, conventional thought, or other restrictions.


lexentry: eng/audience__Noun__1
written_rep: audience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зритель | аудито́рия | пу́блика
sense_list:
A group of people within hearing; specifically, a large gathering of people listening to or watching a performance, speech, etc. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/audience_hall__Noun__1
written_rep: audience hall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: актовый зал
sense_list:
A room in which a ruler or religious official holds audience (i.e. a formal meeting with a dignitary).


lexentry: eng/audio_guide__Noun__1
written_rep: audio guide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аудиогид
sense_list:
Any of various forms of apparatus, either fixed or mobile, used to provide audio information at an exhibition, archeological site etc.


lexentry: eng/audiobook__Noun__1
written_rep: audiobook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аудио-кни́га | аудиобу́к | аудиокни́га
sense_list:
A recording, usually made available for sale, of a reading of the full text or of an abridgement of a book.


lexentry: eng/audiology__Noun__1
written_rep: audiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: аудиоло́гия
sense_list:
An allied health profession pertaining to the assessment and rehabilitation of hearing and balance disorders.


lexentry: eng/audit__Noun__1
written_rep: audit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ауди́т | инспе́кция | реви́зия
sense_list:
An independent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and operational procedures, and to recommend necessary changes in controls, policies, or procedures


lexentry: eng/augite__Noun__1
written_rep: augite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авги́т
sense_list:
(mineral) A variety of pyroxene, usually of a black or dark green color, occurring in igneous rocks, such as basalt.


lexentry: eng/augur__Noun__1
written_rep: augur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авгу́р | прорица́тель | авгур
sense_list:
A diviner who foretells events by the behaviour of birds or other animals, or by signs derived from celestial phenomena, or unusual occurrences.


lexentry: eng/augur__Verb__1
written_rep: augur
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предвеща́ть | предска́зывать
sense_list:
To foretell events; to exhibit signs of future events; to indicate a favorable or an unfavorable outcome.


lexentry: eng/augury__Noun__1
written_rep: augury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предзнаменование
sense_list:
A divination based on the appearance and behaviour of animals. | (by extension) An omen or prediction; a foreboding; a prophecy.


lexentry: eng/auklet__Noun__1
written_rep: auklet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коню́га
sense_list:
Any of several small seabirds in the genera Aethia, Cerorhinca and Ptychoramphus of the auk family Alcidae.


lexentry: eng/aunt__Noun__1
written_rep: aunt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: тётя
sense_list:
(affectionate) A woman of an older generation than oneself, especially a friend of one's parents, by means of fictive kin.


lexentry: eng/auntie__Noun__1
written_rep: auntie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: тётенька | тётушка | тётя
sense_list:
(Asia, Africa, Australia, New Zealand) Term of familiarity or respect for a middle-aged or elderly woman.


lexentry: eng/aura__Noun__1
written_rep: aura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́ура | атмосфе́ра
sense_list:
(figurative, with about, of) A distinctive atmosphere or quality surrounding or associated with something or someone. [from 1859]


lexentry: eng/auricular__Adjective__1
written_rep: auricular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: слухово́й | ушно́й
sense_list:
(art, relational) Pertaining to a style of ornamental decoration, originating in Northern Europe in the first half of the 17th century, that uses softly flowing abstract shapes in relief some of which bear a resemblance to the human ear; commonly used in silverware, picture frames, and architecture.


lexentry: eng/aurora__Noun__1
written_rep: aurora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поля́рное сия́ние | се́верное сия́ние
sense_list:
An atmospheric phenomenon created by charged particles from the sun striking the upper atmosphere, creating coloured lights in the sky. It is usually named australis or borealis based on whether it is in the Southern or Northern Hemisphere respectively.


lexentry: eng/auscultate__Verb__1
written_rep: auscultate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: выслу́шивать | прослу́шивать | слу́шать
sense_list:
(transitive) To listen (for example to the heart or lungs) by auscultation; to examine by auscultation.


lexentry: eng/auscultation__Noun__1
written_rep: auscultation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аускульта́ция | выслу́шивание
sense_list:
(medicine) Diagnosis of disorders by listening to the sounds of the internal organs, usually using a stethoscope.


lexentry: eng/austerity__Noun__1
written_rep: austerity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сдерживающая фискальная политика
sense_list:
(economics) A policy of deficit-cutting, which by definition requires lower spending, higher taxes, or both.


lexentry: eng/australopithecine__Noun__1
written_rep: australopithecine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: австралопитек
sense_list:
(anthropology, paleontology) Any of several extinct hominids, belonging to the genera Australopithecus and Paranthropus in the subtribe Australopithecina when seen as distinct, and sometimes other closely related genera. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/autarky__Noun__1
written_rep: autarky
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: авта́рки́я
sense_list:
(uncountable) (A policy of) national economic self-sufficiency, aimed at ending reliance on foreign imports to sustain a domestic economy.


lexentry: eng/auteur__Noun__1
written_rep: auteur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авто́р
sense_list:
A creative artist, especially a film director, seen as having a specific, recognisable artistic vision, and who is seen as the single or preeminent ‘author’ of their works.


lexentry: eng/authenticity__Noun__1
written_rep: authenticity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аутенти́чность | достове́рность | по́длинность
sense_list:
The quality of being genuine or not corrupted from the original, of having the same origin (or attribution, commitment, intention, etc.) as claimed.


lexentry: eng/author__Noun__1
written_rep: author
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́втор | созда́тель | творе́ц
sense_list:
The originator or creator of a work, especially of a literary composition; or, one of the creators of a collaborative work.


lexentry: eng/authoritarian__Adjective__1
written_rep: authoritarian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авторита́рный | авторитарный
sense_list:
Of, or relating to, or exhibiting strict obedience to an authority; favoring authoritarianism over civic and individual liberties. | Demanding obedience to authority; marked by authoritarianism; dictatorial, tyrannical. | Tending to impose one's demands upon others as if one were an authority.


lexentry: eng/authoritarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: authoritarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авторитари́зм | авторитаризм
sense_list:
A form of government in which the governing body has absolute, or almost absolute, control. Typically this control is maintained by force, and little heed is paid to public opinion or the judicial system.


lexentry: eng/authorities__Noun__2
written_rep: authorities
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: власть
sense_list:
The bodies that have political or administrative power and control in a particular sphere. | The bodies that enforce law and order or provide a public service.


lexentry: eng/authority__Noun__1
written_rep: authority
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: власть | вла́сти | авторитет
sense_list:
(uncountable) Power or right to make or enforce rules, give orders, or impose obligation; or a position having such power or right.


lexentry: eng/authorization__Noun__1
written_rep: authorization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: о́рдер | одобре́ние | полномо́чие | са́нкция
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being authorized to do something or to be somewhere; formally granted permission.


lexentry: eng/authorize__Verb__1
written_rep: authorize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уполномо́чивать | авторизо́вывать | авторизова́ть | одо́брить | одобря́ть | уполномо́чить
sense_list:
(transitive) To grant (someone) the permission or power necessary to do (something); to permit; to sanction or consent to.


lexentry: eng/autism__Noun__1
written_rep: autism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аути́зм | аутизм
sense_list:
(clinical psychology) A pervasive neurological condition that is observable in early childhood and persists throughout the lifespan, characterised by atypical communication patterns (e.g., differences in body language or eye contact), delayed language development, and sensory processing sensitivities. | (clinical psychology, obsolete) A diagnosis involving a pathological tendency to engage in self-centered fantasy thinking, historically considered a symptom of insanity or schizophrenia.


lexentry: eng/autism_spectrum_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: autism spectrum disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: расстро́йство аутисти́ческого спе́ктра
sense_list:
(psychology, pathology) A disorder involving any of a range of psychological conditions, all characterized by abnormal social interaction and communication, restricted interests, highly repetitive behaviour, and eccentricity.


lexentry: eng/auto_racing__Noun__1
written_rep: auto racing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автого́нки | автомоби́льные го́нки
sense_list:
(motor racing) Any of various sports in which automobiles (motor cars) are raced, either around a track, on roads or across country


lexentry: eng/auto_rickshaw__Noun__1
written_rep: auto rickshaw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автори́кша | мотори́кша
sense_list:
A motorized rickshaw of South, Southeast and East Asia, often available for hire in the manner of a taxi.


lexentry: eng/autobus__Noun__1
written_rep: autobus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авто́бус
sense_list:
(road transport, dated) A motorbus, as opposed to earlier horse-drawn buses. | (by extension, cycle racing) A large group of cyclists who have fallen behind the peloton in a race.


lexentry: eng/autocannon__Noun__1
written_rep: autocannon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автомати́ческая пу́шка
sense_list:
A fully automatic projectile weapon similar to a machine gun, but firing shells instead of bullets and larger in calibre.


lexentry: eng/autocephaly__Noun__1
written_rep: autocephaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автокефа́лия | автокефалия
sense_list:
(Christianity) The condition where a church's leaders have severed ties to a larger body and thus no longer report to a higher authority.


lexentry: eng/autochory__Noun__1
written_rep: autochory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автохо́рия
sense_list:
(ecology) Self-dispersal of seeds, the physical and often explosive discharge of seeds from the fruit.


lexentry: eng/autoclave__Noun__1
written_rep: autoclave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автокла́в | автоклав
sense_list:
A strong, pressurized, heated vessel, as for laboratory experiments, sterilization, cooking or mineral processing.


lexentry: eng/autocorrelation__Noun__1
written_rep: autocorrelation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автокорреляция
sense_list:
(statistics, signal processing) The cross-correlation of a signal with itself: the correlation between values of a signal in successive time periods.


lexentry: eng/autocratic__Adjective__1
written_rep: autocratic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автократи́ческий | самодержа́вный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to autocracy or to an autocrat; absolute; holding independent and arbitrary powers of government. | (pejorative) Of or pertaining to the manner of an autocrat.


lexentry: eng/autogamy__Noun__1
written_rep: autogamy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автога́мия | автогамия
sense_list:
Self-fertilization, the fertilizing pollen being derived from the same blossom as the pistil acted upon.


lexentry: eng/autograph__Noun__1
written_rep: autograph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авто́граф | автограф
sense_list:
A person’s own handwriting, especially the signature of a famous or admired person. | (by extension, colloquial) A person's signature used as a mark of formal approval.


lexentry: eng/autogynephilia__Noun__1
written_rep: autogynephilia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аутогинефилия
sense_list:
In Blanchard's transsexualism typology, the supposed paraphilic tendency of a male person to be sexually aroused by the thought of being a female, sometimes framed as a form of gender identity disorder or transvestic fetishism.


lexentry: eng/autogyro__Noun__1
written_rep: autogyro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автожи́р
sense_list:
(aircraft) An aircraft in which lift is provided by unpowered rotating wings and thrust is provided by a conventional propeller.


lexentry: eng/autoimmunity__Noun__1
written_rep: autoimmunity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аутоиммунность
sense_list:
(pathology, immunology) The condition where one's immune system attacks one's own tissues, i.e., an autoimmune disorder.


lexentry: eng/autolysis__Noun__1
written_rep: autolysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автолиз
sense_list:
(pathology, cytology) The destruction of an organism's cells by enzymes produced by the organism itself.


lexentry: eng/automagical__Adjective__1
written_rep: automagical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автомаги́ческий
sense_list:
(computing, technology, informal) Automatic, but with an apparent element of magic. Commonly referring to complex technical processes hidden from the view of users or operators, resulting in technology that "just works".


lexentry: eng/automated_machine_learning__Noun__1
written_rep: automated machine learning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автоматическое машинное обучение
sense_list:
(artificial intelligence) A field of study concerned with the design and development of algorithms and techniques of automating the end-to-end process of machine learning and artificial intelligence.


lexentry: eng/automated_teller_machine__Noun__1
written_rep: automated teller machine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банкома́т
sense_list:
(banking) A device that provides bank customers with cash withdrawal and other services without the need for a human teller.


lexentry: eng/automatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: automatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автомати́ческий | автоматический
sense_list:
Capable of operating without external control or intervention. | (of a firearm such as a machine gun) Firing continuously as long as the trigger is pressed until ammunition is exhausted.


lexentry: eng/automatic_door__Noun__1
written_rep: automatic door
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[автомати́ческая]] дверь
sense_list:
A door that senses the approach of a person (by sensors or pressure pads etc.) and opens automatically, usually by sliding sideways.


lexentry: eng/automatic_transmission__Noun__1
written_rep: automatic transmission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: АКПП | автомати́ческая коро́бка переключе́ния переда́ч | автомати́ческая трансми́ссия
sense_list:
(automotive) A vehicle transmission which shifts gears automatically in response to vehicle speed and/or load, and does not require any driver input to manually change gears under normal driving conditions; an automatic gearbox.


lexentry: eng/automation__Noun__1
written_rep: automation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автоматиза́ция | автоматизация
sense_list:
The act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls.


lexentry: eng/automaton__Noun__1
written_rep: automaton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: автомат
sense_list:
A person who acts like a machine or robot, often defined as having a monotonous lifestyle and lacking in emotion.


lexentry: eng/automobile__Noun__1
written_rep: automobile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авто́ | автомаши́на | автомоби́ль | маши́на | мото́р | та́чка
sense_list:
(US, Canada, Philippines, AU, NZ) A type of motor vehicle designed to move on the ground under its own stored power and intended to carry a driver, a small number of additional passengers, and a very limited amount of other load.


lexentry: eng/automorphic__Adjective__1
written_rep: automorphic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автомо́рфный
sense_list:
(geology) Describing a mineral, in an igneous rock, that is bounded by its own crystal face; euhedral, idiomorphic. | (mathematics) Describing a number whose square ends in the number itself; circular. | (mathematics) Of or pertaining to automorphy or an automorphism.


lexentry: eng/autonomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: autonomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автономный
sense_list:
(neurology) Acting or occurring involuntarily, without conscious control. | (neuroanatomy, neurology) Pertaining to the autonomic nervous system.


lexentry: eng/autonomous__Adjective__1
written_rep: autonomous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: самостоя́тельный
sense_list:
Acting on one's own or independently; of a child, acting without being governed by parental or guardian rules.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_oblast__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous oblast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: АО́ | автоно́мная о́бласть
sense_list:
One of the administrative divisions of the former Soviet Union created for certain “smaller” nations and characterized by following features: they were given an autonomy within a union republic or, in the RSFSR, within a krai; had a status lower than an autonomous republic; had a different titular nation from that of their union republic/krai. Abbreviated as AO.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_okrug__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous okrug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автоно́мный о́круг
sense_list:
In the Soviet Union and Russia, a territorial and administrative division of a krai or oblast, which grants a degree of administrative autonomy to an ethnic minority, usually located in large, remote areas with sparse populations.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_sensory_meridian_response__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous sensory meridian response
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автономная сенсорная меридиональная реакция
sense_list:
A frisson characterized by a tingling sensation on the skin that typically begins on the scalp and moves down the back of the neck and upper spine.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беспилотный автомобиль
sense_list:
A vehicle that uses mechatronics, artificial intelligence and a multi-agent system to assist its human operator.


lexentry: eng/autopatrolled__Adjective__1
written_rep: autopatrolled
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автопатрулируемый
sense_list:
(wiki, originally, WMF) Having a status such that one's edits need not be checked, or patrolled, by other users.


lexentry: eng/autophagy__Noun__1
written_rep: autophagy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аутофа́гия | аутофагия
sense_list:
(cytology) The process of self-digestion by a cell through the action of enzymes originating within the same cell, and often a defensive or self-preservation measure.


lexentry: eng/autopilot__Noun__1
written_rep: autopilot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автопило́т
sense_list:
(aviation, nautical) A mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic system used to guide a vehicle without assistance from a human being.


lexentry: eng/autoplasty__Noun__1
written_rep: autoplasty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аблактирование
sense_list:
(medicine, surgery, dated) The process of artificially repairing lesions by taking a piece of healthy tissue, as from a neighboring part, to supply the deficiency caused by disease or wounds. In present-day contexts likelier to be called autotransplantation or autografting.


lexentry: eng/autotomy__Noun__1
written_rep: autotomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автотоми́я | аутотоми́я
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, zoology) The spontaneous removal of a limb, tail etc, especially by some invertebrates as a self-defense mechanism.


lexentry: eng/autotroph__Noun__1
written_rep: autotroph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автотроф
sense_list:
(ecology) Any organism that can synthesize its food from inorganic substances, using heat or light as a source of energy.


lexentry: eng/autumn__Noun__1
written_rep: autumn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́сень | осень
sense_list:
Traditionally the third of the four seasons, when deciduous trees lose their leaves, and temperatures and daylight hours decrease; typically regarded as spanning the months of September, October, and November in the Northern Hemisphere, and the months of March, April and May in the Southern Hemisphere. | (fashion) A person with relatively dark hair and a warm skin tone, seen as best suited to certain colours in clothing.


lexentry: eng/autumnal_equinox__Noun__1
written_rep: autumnal equinox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: осе́ннее равноде́нствие
sense_list:
(astronomy) The moment when the sun appears to cross the celestial equator while tilting away from the observer, taking place in September in the northern hemisphere and March in the southern hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/auxiliary_cruiser__Noun__1
written_rep: auxiliary cruiser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вспомога́тельный кре́йсер
sense_list:
(military, nautical) An armed merchantman, typically used as a commerce raider or as a convoy escort.


lexentry: eng/auxiliary_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: auxiliary verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вспомога́тельный глаго́л | вспомогательный глагол
sense_list:
(grammar) A verb that accompanies the main verb in a clause in order to make distinctions in tense, mood, voice or aspect.


lexentry: eng/avail__Verb__1
written_rep: avail
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be of use or advantage; to answer or serve the purpose; to have strength, force, or efficacy sufficient to accomplish the object.

trans_list:
[[приноси́ть]] [[польза|по́льзу]] | быть [[полезный|поле́зным]] | воспо́льзоваться | испо́льзовать | помо́чь | помога́ть


lexentry: eng/avalanche__Noun__1
written_rep: avalanche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лави́на | лавина
sense_list:
A large mass or body of snow and ice sliding swiftly down a mountain side, or falling down a precipice.


lexentry: eng/avalanche__Noun__1
written_rep: avalanche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обва́л | лавина
sense_list:
(by extension) A sudden, great, or irresistible descent or influx; anything like an avalanche in suddenness and overwhelming quantity.


lexentry: eng/avaricious__Adjective__1
written_rep: avaricious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́лчный | жа́дный | корыстолюби́вый | скупо́й
sense_list:
Actuated by avarice; extremely greedy for wealth or material gain; immoderately desirous of accumulating property.


lexentry: eng/avatar__Noun__1
written_rep: avatar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: авата́р | авата́ра | воплоще́ние
sense_list:
(internet, video games) A complex and dynamic digital representation of a person or being in the form of a digital model, used online as a simulation or emulation of a person, or as a person's online alter ego, in a virtual world, virtual chat room, or metaverse.


lexentry: eng/avenge__Verb__1
written_rep: avenge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отомсти́ть | мсти́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To take vengeance (for); to exact satisfaction for by punishing the injuring party; to vindicate by inflicting pain or evil on a wrongdoer.


lexentry: eng/aventurine__Noun__1
written_rep: aventurine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: авантюри́н
sense_list:
(mineral, by extension) A variety of translucent quartz, spangled throughout with scales of yellow mica.


lexentry: eng/avenue__Noun__1
written_rep: avenue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: авеню́ | проспе́кт
sense_list:
The principal walk or approach to a house which is withdrawn from the road, especially, such approach bordered on each side by trees; any broad passageway thus bordered.


lexentry: eng/aver__Verb__1
written_rep: aver
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заявля́ть | утвержда́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner.


lexentry: eng/aversion_therapy__Noun__1
written_rep: aversion therapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аверси́вная терапи́я
sense_list:
A form of psychological treatment in which the patient is exposed to a stimulus while simultaneously being subjected to some form of discomfort.


lexentry: eng/aviary__Noun__1
written_rep: aviary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: волье́р | пти́чник
sense_list:
A house, enclosure, large cage, or other place for keeping birds confined; a birdhouse. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/aviator__Noun__1
written_rep: aviator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: летчик
sense_list:
An aircraft pilot, especially a military pilot. The use of the word may imply claims of superior airmanship, as in navy aviator vs. air force pilot.


lexentry: eng/avocation__Noun__1
written_rep: avocation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: развлече́ние
sense_list:
(obsolete) A calling away; a diversion. | That which calls one away from one's regular employment or vocation.


lexentry: eng/avocet__Noun__1
written_rep: avocet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шилоклю́вка | шилоклювка
sense_list:
Any of four species of wading birds in the genus Recurvirostra, with long, slender recurved bills, long legs, and webbed feet.


lexentry: eng/avoidance__Noun__1
written_rep: avoidance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: избегание
sense_list:
(obsolete) The act of becoming vacant, or the state of being vacant, specifically used for the state of a benefice becoming void by the death, deprivation, or resignation of the incumbent.


lexentry: eng/avouch__Verb__1
written_rep: avouch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: деклари́ровать
sense_list:
To declare freely and openly; to assert. | To acknowledge deliberately; to admit; to confess; to sanction.


lexentry: eng/avow__Verb__1
written_rep: avow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: призна́ть | призна́ться | признава́ть | признава́ться | созна́ться | сознава́ться
sense_list:
(transitive) To declare openly and boldly, as something believed to be right; to own, acknowledge or confess frankly.


lexentry: eng/avunculate__Noun__1
written_rep: avunculate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авункулат
sense_list:
(anthropology) The relationship between a man and his sister's children, generally her sons. | (anthropology) Among certain tribal peoples, for example, the Korowai, a special relationship between a man and a maternal uncle, and the mutual responsibilities between them.


lexentry: eng/awaken__Verb__1
written_rep: awaken
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пробуди́ться | пробужда́ться | просну́ться | просыпа́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To stop sleeping; awake. | (transitive, figurative) To bring into action (something previously dormant); to stimulate.


lexentry: eng/awakening__Noun__1
written_rep: awakening
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пробужде́ние
sense_list:
(religion) A revival of religion, or more general attention to religious matters than usual. | (figurative) Being roused into action or activity. | The act of becoming aware of something.


lexentry: eng/award__Noun__1
written_rep: award
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: присужде́ние | реше́ние
sense_list:
(legal) A judgment, sentence, or final decision. Specifically: The decision of arbitrators in a case submitted.


lexentry: eng/award__Noun__1
written_rep: award
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: приз | награ́да | пре́мия
sense_list:
A trophy or medal; something that denotes an accomplishment, especially in a competition. A prize or honor based on merit.


lexentry: eng/awareness__Noun__1
written_rep: awareness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: осозна́ние | созна́ние
sense_list:
The state or level of consciousness where sense data can be confirmed by an observer. | The state or quality of being aware of something.


lexentry: eng/awash__Adjective__1
written_rep: awash
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заливаемый
sense_list:
Washed by the waves or tide (of a rock or strip of shore, or of an anchor, etc., when flush with the surface of the water, so that the waves break over it); covered with water.


lexentry: eng/awayday__Noun__1
written_rep: awayday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: семинар
sense_list:
(British) A business event, such as a team-building exercise, training course or internal meeting, that takes place away from the office without the usual distractions.


lexentry: eng/awl__Noun__1
written_rep: awl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ши́ло | шило
sense_list:
A pointed instrument for piercing small holes, as in leather or wood; used by shoemakers, saddlers, cabinetmakers, etc. The blade is differently shaped and pointed for different uses, as in the brad awl, saddler's awl, shoemaker's awl, etc.


lexentry: eng/ax_to_grind__Noun__1
written_rep: ax to grind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дело
sense_list:
(American spelling) A proposition or point of view to advocate, especially motivated by self-interest.


lexentry: eng/axil__Noun__1
written_rep: axil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подмышка
sense_list:
(botany) The angle or point of divergence between the upper side of a branch, leaf, or petiole, and the stem or branch from which it springs.


lexentry: eng/axinite__Noun__1
written_rep: axinite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксинит
sense_list:
(mineral) A borosilicate of aluminum, iron, and lime, commonly found in glassy, brown crystals with acute edges.


lexentry: eng/axiology__Noun__1
written_rep: axiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксиология
sense_list:
(uncountable, philosophy) The study of value(s), as regards origin, nature, functions, types, and interrelations; value theory. | (countable) The particular value-theory of a philosopher, school of thought, etc.


lexentry: eng/axiom__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксио́ма | аксиома
sense_list:
(philosophy) A seemingly self-evident or necessary truth which is based on assumption; a principle or proposition which cannot actually be proved or disproved. | (logic, mathematics, proof theory) A fundamental assumption that serves as a basis for deduction of theorems; a postulate (sometimes distinguished from postulates as being universally applicable, whereas postulates are particular to a certain science or context).


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_choice__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom of choice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксиома выбора
sense_list:
(set theory) One of the axioms of set theory, equivalent to the statement that an arbitrary direct product of non-empty sets is non-empty; any version of said axiom, for example specifying the cardinality of the number of sets from which choices are made.


lexentry: eng/axion__Noun__1
written_rep: axion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксио́н
sense_list:
(physics) A hypothetical subatomic particle postulated to resolve certain symmetry problems concerning the strong nuclear force.


lexentry: eng/axis__Noun__1
written_rep: axis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ось
sense_list:
(geometry) An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry). | (mathematics) A fixed one-dimensional figure, such as a line or arc, with an origin and orientation and such that its points are in one-to-one correspondence with a set of numbers; an axis forms part of the basis of a space or is used to position and locate data in a graph (a coordinate axis)


lexentry: eng/axis_of_evil__Noun__1
written_rep: axis of evil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ось зла
sense_list:
A group of states accused by George W. Bush of sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction, originally defined as Iran, Iraq, and North Korea.


lexentry: eng/axle__Noun__2
written_rep: axle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ось
sense_list:
A transverse bar or shaft connecting the opposite wheels of a car or carriage; an axletree. | (geometry, astronomy, archaic) An axis.


lexentry: eng/axle_load__Noun__1
written_rep: axle load
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нагрузка на ось
sense_list:
(transport, rail) the total weight, including load carried, transferred by one axle and its wheels to a road or railway surface. This is especially important in relation to what weight road and railway structures can carry, bridges in particular.


lexentry: eng/axletree__Noun__1
written_rep: axletree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вал
sense_list:
A bar or beam of wood or iron, connecting the opposite wheels of a carriage, on the ends of which the wheels revolve.


lexentry: eng/axon__Noun__1
written_rep: axon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксо́н | аксон
sense_list:
(cytology) A nerve fibre which is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, and which conducts nerve impulses away from the body of the cell to a synapse.


lexentry: eng/aye-aye__Noun__1
written_rep: aye-aye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ай-а́й | руконо́жка
sense_list:
The lemur Daubentonia madagascariensis, a solitary nocturnal quadruped found in Madagascar and remarkable for their long fingers, sharp nails, and rodent-like incisor teeth.


lexentry: eng/aye_aye,_sir__Phrase__1
written_rep: aye aye, sir
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: есть
sense_list:
(idiomatic, nautical) The correct and seamanlike reply, onboard a Royal Navy (or US Navy) ship, on receipt of an order from someone of senior rank or authority. It means "I understand the command and hasten to comply with the order."


lexentry: eng/ayin__Noun__1
written_rep: ayin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: айн
sense_list:
The sixteenth letter of many Semitic alphabets/abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).


lexentry: eng/azat__Noun__1
written_rep: azat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аза́т
sense_list:
A member of the middle and lower Armenian nobility, in contrast to the naxarars who were the great lords; from the Late Middle Ages, member of the entire body of the Armenian nobility.


lexentry: eng/azimuth__Noun__1
written_rep: azimuth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́зимут | азимут
sense_list:
An arc of the horizon intercepted between the meridian of the place and a vertical circle passing through the center of any object.


lexentry: eng/azure__Noun__1
written_rep: azure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лазу́рный | лазу́рь
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) The clear blue colour of the sky; also, a pigment or dye of this colour.


lexentry: eng/azure__Noun__1
written_rep: azure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: лазу́рь
sense_list:
(tincture) A blue colour on a coat of arms, represented in engraving by horizontal parallel lines. | (poetic) The unclouded sky; the blue vault above.


lexentry: eng/azurite__Noun__1
written_rep: azurite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: азури́т | азурит
sense_list:
(mineral) A blue vitreous mineral; a basic hydrated copper carbonate, with the chemical formula Cu2+3(CO3)2(OH)2, used since antiquity as a blue pigment or ores to extract metallic copper.


lexentry: eng/baba__Noun__1
written_rep: baba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бабушка
sense_list:
A kind of sponge cake soaked in rum-flavoured syrup. | (Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism) A holy man, a spiritual leader.


lexentry: eng/baba_ganoush__Noun__1
written_rep: baba ganoush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́ба гану́ш
sense_list:
A Middle Eastern dish made from a purée of roasted aubergine (eggplant), garlic, and tahini, often eaten as a dip with bread.


lexentry: eng/babbitt__Noun__1
written_rep: babbitt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́ббит
sense_list:
Ellipsis of babbitt metal or Babbitt metal (“a soft white alloy of variable composition used in bearings to diminish friction”).


lexentry: eng/babesia__Noun__1
written_rep: babesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бабе́зия
sense_list:
(microbiology, epidemiology) Any of the hematozoa of the genus Babesia that invades the erythrocytes of living mammals, notably including cattle and humans, causing any of several babesioses.


lexentry: eng/babka__Noun__1
written_rep: babka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́ба
sense_list:
A Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins; or with some single flavoring, e.g. chocolate, lemon, etc.


lexentry: eng/baboon__Noun__1
written_rep: baboon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бабуи́н | павиа́н
sense_list:
An Old World monkey of the genus Papio, having dog-like muzzles and large canine teeth, cheek pouches, a short tail, and naked callosities on the buttocks. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.] | (colloquial, derogatory) A foolish or boorish person.


lexentry: eng/babushka__Noun__1
written_rep: babushka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: косы́нка | плато́к | шаль
sense_list:
(originally, North American) A traditional floral headscarf worn by an Eastern European woman, tied under the chin. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/baby's_breath__Noun__1
written_rep: baby's breath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: качи́м мете́льчатый
sense_list:
A genus, Gypsophila, of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe, Asia and north Africa.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
written_rep: baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: младе́нец | ребёнок | бе́би | дитя́ | кро́шка | малы́ш
sense_list:
A very young human, particularly from birth to a couple of years old or until walking is fully mastered. | A very young human, even if not yet born.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
written_rep: baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: детёныш
sense_list:
Any very young animal, especially a vertebrate; many species have specific names for their babies, such as kittens for the babies of cats, puppies for the babies of dogs, and chicks for the babies of birds. See Category:Baby animals for more.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
written_rep: baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: бе́би | де́тка | кро́шка | малы́ш | малы́шка | пу́псик
sense_list:
A person's romantic partner; a term of endearment used to refer to or address e.g. one's girlfriend, boyfriend, or spouse.


lexentry: eng/baby_boom__Noun__1
written_rep: baby boom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бэ́би-бу́м | демографи́ческий взрыв
sense_list:
(singulare tantum) The increase in the birth rate following the return of servicemen at the end of World War II.


lexentry: eng/baby_boomer__Noun__1
written_rep: baby boomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(sometimes, capitalized) A person born in the postwar years (generally considered in the United States and other Allied countries as between 1946 and the early 1960s), when there was a marked increase in birthrates throughout the Western world following the return of servicemen at the end of World War II.

trans_list:
[[челове́к]], [[родиться|роди́вшийся]] в [[пери́од]] [[демографический|демографи́ческого]] [[взрыв|взры́ва]] | бэ́би-бу́мер


lexentry: eng/baby_face__Noun__1
written_rep: baby face
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: де́тка | ку́колка
sense_list:
(often, derogatory) A person having such a face, especially a young man having a beardless appearance.


lexentry: eng/baby_monitor__Noun__1
written_rep: baby monitor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тский монито́р
sense_list:
An intercom system that enables a person to remotely detect sounds of distress from a baby; a baby alarm.


lexentry: eng/baby_powder__Noun__1
written_rep: baby powder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тская присы́пка | присы́пка
sense_list:
An astringent powder used for preventing diaper rash, as a deodorant, and for other cosmetic purposes.


lexentry: eng/baby_shower__Noun__1
written_rep: baby shower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[пра́здник]] для [[будущий|бу́дущей]] [[мама|ма́мы]] | бе́би-ша́уэр
sense_list:
A party celebrating the pending or recent birth of a child, involving guests giving gifts (typically babycare items) to the parent(s).


lexentry: eng/babysit__Verb__1
written_rep: babysit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ня́ньчиться
sense_list:
(transitive, informal) To watch or attend anything or anyone more closely than ought to be needed; to have to help or coax too much.


lexentry: eng/babysitter__Noun__1
written_rep: babysitter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бебиси́ттер | бэбиси́ттер | ня́ня | приходя́щая ня́ня
sense_list:
A person who cares for one or more babies or children for a short period of time in place of their legal guardians.


lexentry: eng/babysitting__Noun__1
written_rep: babysitting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бебиситтинг
sense_list:
The work of a babysitter; the care of children in the temporary absence of their parents or guardians.


lexentry: eng/baccalaureate__Noun__1
written_rep: baccalaureate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[выпускно́й]] [[экза́мен]]
sense_list:
A high school completion exam and qualification awarded in many countries (e.g. Finland, France, Moldova, Romania), designed to enable students to go on to higher education.


lexentry: eng/baccarat__Noun__1
written_rep: baccarat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баккара́
sense_list:
(card games) A card game resembling chemin de fer with many forms - usually entailing the player(s) betting against two or three hands dealt - also bearing some similarities to blackjack.


lexentry: eng/bachelor's_button__Noun__1
written_rep: bachelor's button
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: василёк синий
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) Any one of a number of plants with daisy-like, button-shaped flowers of the genus Centaurea, especially the species Centaurea cyanus.


lexentry: eng/bachelor_pad__Noun__1
written_rep: bachelor pad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гарсонье́рка | кварти́ра холостяка́
sense_list:
(US) A nice, well-furnished dwelling where an unmarried man lives, usually by himself, but sometimes with other men.


lexentry: eng/bachelor_party__Noun__1
written_rep: bachelor party
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мальчи́шник
sense_list:
(US, Canada, South Africa) A party held for a man who is about to be married, normally attended only by male friends and relatives.


lexentry: eng/bacillus__Noun__1
written_rep: bacillus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баци́лла | бацилла
sense_list:
Any of various rod-shaped, spore-forming aerobic bacteria in the genus Bacillus, some of which cause disease.


lexentry: eng/back-formation__Noun__1
written_rep: back-formation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обра́тное словообразова́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable, linguistics) The process by which a new word is formed from an older word by interpreting the former as a derivative of the latter, often by removing a morpheme (real or perceived) from the older word, such as the verb burgle, formed by removing -ar (perceived as an agent-noun suffix) from burglar.


lexentry: eng/back-seat_driver__Noun__1
written_rep: back-seat driver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: поме́ха спра́ва
sense_list:
A person sitting (typically) in the back seat of a car issuing (unsolicited and usually unwanted) instructions to the driver. | (figuratively) An opinionated person who offers (unsolicited and often unwanted) advice on the best way to handle a situation.


lexentry: eng/back-transliteration__Noun__1
written_rep: back-transliteration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[обра́тная]] [[транслитера́ция]]
sense_list:
(translation studies, uncountable) The process of transliterating a transliteration back into the original script.


lexentry: eng/back__Adjective__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: за́дний | ты́льный | хвостово́й
sense_list:
(comparable, phonetics) Pronounced with the highest part of the body of the tongue toward the back of the mouth, near the soft palate (most often describing a vowel).


lexentry: eng/back__Noun__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зад | спина́ | спина | [[задний|за́дняя]] часть | [[тыльный|ты́льная]] часть | спи́нка
sense_list:
The rear of the body, especially the part between the neck and the end of the spine and opposite the chest and belly.


lexentry: eng/back__Verb__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: назад
sense_list:
(nautical, of the wind) To change direction contrary to the normal pattern; that is, to shift anticlockwise in the northern hemisphere, or clockwise in the southern hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/back_away__Verb__1
written_rep: back away
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отменить
sense_list:
(intransitive) To move in a direction opposite to that which one is facing, keeping one's attention on the thing in front being avoided.


lexentry: eng/back_cover__Noun__1
written_rep: back cover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: спина
sense_list:
The cover on the opposite side of the front cover of a book, magazine, etc; back of the book; associated with sports pages in publications.


lexentry: eng/back_end__Noun__1
written_rep: back end
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бэк-э́нд | прикладна́я часть
sense_list:
(computing) That part of a hardware or software system that is farthest from the user; the internals rather than the user interface.


lexentry: eng/back_end__Noun__1
written_rep: back end
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: по́здняя
sense_list:
(UK, _, dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) The latter end of any given time, especially the latter part of the year; autumn; late autumn.


lexentry: eng/back_fire__Noun__1
written_rep: back fire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: встре́чный пал
sense_list:
A small, controlled fire set in the path of a larger uncontrolled fire, in order to limit the spread of the large fire by removing its fuel.


lexentry: eng/back_in_the_day__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: back in the day
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в старину́
sense_list:
(temporal location, idiomatic, informal) In the distant past; especially, at a time fondly remembered (the good old days).


lexentry: eng/back_pay__Noun__1
written_rep: back pay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[заде́ржка]] [[зарплата|зарпла́ты]]
sense_list:
A withheld payment for work which has already been completed, or which could have been completed had the employee not been prevented from doing so.


lexentry: eng/back_street__Noun__1
written_rep: back street
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[глухой|глуха́я]] [[у́лица]] | задво́рки | закоу́лок
sense_list:
A usually small and narrow street or alley, especially one in inferior or poorer parts of a city, away from the centre.


lexentry: eng/back_to_the_drawing_board__Adverb__1
written_rep: back to the drawing board
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[нача́ть]] с [[нуль|нуля́]]
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Indicates that one must try a different strategy for achieving some goal following the failure of a recent attempt.


lexentry: eng/back_up__Verb__1
written_rep: back up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: де́лать бэкап | де́лать резе́рвное копи́рование | забэкапить
sense_list:
(idiomatic, intransitive, cricket) For a fielder to position himself behind the wicket (relative to a team-mate who is throwing the ball at the wicket) so as to stop the ball, and prevent overthrows.


lexentry: eng/back_vowel__Noun__1
written_rep: back vowel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гла́сный за́днего ря́да
sense_list:
(phonetics) Any vowel sound produced in the back of the mouth, such as /uː/ in rule or /əʊ/ in pole.


lexentry: eng/backbencher__Noun__1
written_rep: backbencher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[рядово́й]] член [[парламент|парла́мента]] | заднескаме́ечник | заднескаме́ечница
sense_list:
(politics) A Member of Parliament who does not have cabinet rank, and who therefore sits on one of the backbenches or in one of the back rows of the legislature.


lexentry: eng/backbend__Noun__1
written_rep: backbend
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[за́дний]] мост | мост
sense_list:
(gymnastics, dance) A move in which the performer bends backwards until the hands touch the floor or catches him/herself with the hands.


lexentry: eng/backbone__Noun__1
written_rep: backbone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: позвоно́чник | хребе́т
sense_list:
(countable) The series of vertebrae, separated by disks, that encloses and protects the spinal cord, and runs down the middle of the back in vertebrate animals.


lexentry: eng/backgammon__Noun__1
written_rep: backgammon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на́рды | триктра́к
sense_list:
A board game for two players in which each has 15 stones which move between 24 triangular points according to the roll of a pair of dice; the object is to move all of one's pieces around, and bear them off the board.


lexentry: eng/background_music__Noun__1
written_rep: background music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фо́новая му́зыка
sense_list:
Any music played in a public space whose main function is to create an atmosphere suitable to a specific occasion, rather than to be listened to. | (music) Any music in a film, video game, or other medium that establishes mood and is not meant to be the focus of attention.


lexentry: eng/backhand__Noun__1
written_rep: backhand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лацкан
sense_list:
(tennis, and, other, racquet sports) A stroke made across the chest from the off-hand side to the racquet hand side; a stroke during which the back of the hand faces the shot.


lexentry: eng/backheel__Noun__1
written_rep: backheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[уда́р]] [[пятка|пя́ткой]]
sense_list:
(soccer) A kick played by the heel which typically travels in the opposite direction from which the player is facing.


lexentry: eng/backhoe__Noun__1
written_rep: backhoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ковш
sense_list:
A piece of excavating equipment, either an integral subassembly or an attachment, consisting of a digging bucket or scoop on the end of an articulated arm, drawn backwards to move earth; used in excavator/digger and backhoe tractors.


lexentry: eng/backhoe__Noun__1
written_rep: backhoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: экскаватор
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) Ellipsis of backhoe loader: A multi-purpose tractor with a front-mounted loading bucket and a rear-mounted digging bucket. The tractor combines a front-end loader/loader (component) and an excavator/digger (component).


lexentry: eng/backlog__Noun__1
written_rep: backlog
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: An accumulation or buildup, especially of unfilled orders, unconsumed products or unfinished work.
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list:
[[невыполненный|невы́полненные]] [[заказ|зака́зы]] | зава́л | задо́лженность | незавершённые [[задача|зада́чи]]


lexentry: eng/backpack__Noun__1
written_rep: backpack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рюкза́к | ра́нец | рюкзак
sense_list:
A knapsack, sometimes mounted on a light frame, but always supported by straps, worn on a person’s back for the purpose of carrying things, especially when hiking, or on a student's back when carrying books.


lexentry: eng/backpacker__Noun__1
written_rep: backpacker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бэкпэ́кер | [[пе́ший]] [[тури́ст]] | [[пеший|пе́шая]] [[тури́стка]]
sense_list:
A traveler whose luggage consists of a backpack; especially, such a traveler who uses hostels, public transport, and other inexpensive services.


lexentry: eng/backpedal__Verb__1
written_rep: backpedal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: забирать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To step backwards. | (intransitive, idiomatic) To distance oneself from an earlier claim or statement; back off from an idea.


lexentry: eng/backronym__Noun__1
written_rep: backronym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: акро́ним
sense_list:
A word that is originally not an acronym but is turned into one by devising a full form for it, sometimes as a folk etymology, sometimes as a contrived acronym to name a new organization, proposal, or other entity.


lexentry: eng/backscatter__Noun__1
written_rep: backscatter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обратное рассе́яние | рассе́яние наза́д
sense_list:
(physics) The deflection of particles or radiation through angles greater than 90 degrees to the original direction of travel.


lexentry: eng/backscatter__Noun__1
written_rep: backscatter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обратное рассе́яние
sense_list:
(military) A portion of the energy of electromagnetic radiation such as a laser or radio waves that is scattered back in the direction of the source of radiation by an obscurant.


lexentry: eng/backscratcher__Noun__1
written_rep: backscratcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[па́лка]] для [[чесание|чеса́ния]] [[спина|спины́]]
sense_list:
A long slender rod with a rake-like device on one end, sometimes in the form of a human hand, designed to let a person scratch their own back.


lexentry: eng/backstab__Verb__1
written_rep: backstab
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(transitive) To attack someone (especially verbally) unfairly in a deceitful, underhand, or treacherous manner, especially when they're not present in the place or situation that it happens.

trans_list:
[[напа́сть]] [[исподтишка́]] | [[напада́ть]] [[исподтишка́]] | [[уда́рить]] в [[спина|спи́ну]] | [[ударя́ть]] в [[спина|спи́ну]]


lexentry: eng/backstabber__Noun__1
written_rep: backstabber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: змея́ подколо́дная
sense_list:
A traitor or hypocrite, such as a co-worker or friend assumed trustworthy but who figuratively attacks when one's back is turned.


lexentry: eng/backstory__Noun__1
written_rep: backstory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предысто́рия
sense_list:
The previous experiences and life of a person, specifically (narratology, especially in, _, film, television) a character in a dramatic work.


lexentry: eng/backstory__Noun__1
written_rep: backstory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: леге́нда
sense_list:
(chiefly, espionage, law enforcement) A fictitious account of a person's history designed to conceal their actual history and motives.


lexentry: eng/backstroke__Noun__1
written_rep: backstroke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пла́вание на спине́
sense_list:
(swimming) A stroke swum lying on one's back, while rotating both arms through the water as to propel the swimmer backwards.


lexentry: eng/backup__Noun__1
written_rep: backup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бэка́п | резе́рвная ко́пия | резе́рвное копи́рование
sense_list:
(computing) A copy of a file or record, stored separately from the original, that can be used to recover the original if it is damaged or destroyed.


lexentry: eng/backup_camera__Noun__1
written_rep: backup camera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: камера заднего вида
sense_list:
(automotive) A camera installed on the rear of a vehicle, to help in reversing and in eliminating rear end blindspots.


lexentry: eng/backwardation__Noun__1
written_rep: backwardation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бэквардейшн | бэквордация | бэкуордейшн
sense_list:
In full normal backwardation: the situation in a futures market where the price for future delivery of a commodity (the forward price) is lower than the price for immediate delivery (the spot price) or nearer delivery, generally arising from a near-term shortage of the commodity.


lexentry: eng/backwater__Noun__1
written_rep: backwater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: глушь | глуби́нка | засто́й | захолу́стье
sense_list:
(idiomatic, usually, figurative) A remote place: somewhere that remains unaffected by new events, progresses, ideas, etc; any field of endeavor that figuratively resembles such a place.


lexentry: eng/backwoods__Noun__1
written_rep: backwoods
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: глуби́нка | глушь | захолу́стье
sense_list:
A remote or sparsely inhabited region, especially in North America; away from big towns and from the influence of modern life.


lexentry: eng/backwoodsman__Noun__1
written_rep: backwoodsman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дикарь
sense_list:
A person who is acclimated to living in a forest area that is far removed from civilization or modern conveniences. | An uncivilized person.


lexentry: eng/bacteriochlorophyll__Noun__1
written_rep: bacteriochlorophyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бактериохлорофиллы
sense_list:
(biology) A photosynthetic pigment related to the chlorophylls, occurring in various bacteria doing anoxygenic photosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/bacteriology__Noun__1
written_rep: bacteriology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бактериоло́гия | бактериология
sense_list:
(biology, microbiology) The scientific study of bacteria, especially in relation to disease and agriculture.


lexentry: eng/bacteriostatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: bacteriostatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бактериостатический
sense_list:
Of or relating to bacteriostasis or a bacteriostat; inhibiting the growth of bacteria without destroying them.


lexentry: eng/bad__Adjective__3
written_rep: bad
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: плохо́й | злой | неприя́тный | по́длый
sense_list:
(US) Overly promiscuous, licentious. | (chiefly in "bad boy", "bad girl", and similar phrases) Attractive due to (one's) rebellious nature.


lexentry: eng/bad__Adjective__3
written_rep: bad
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: плохо́й | злой | вре́дный | дурно́й | неподходя́щий | неприя́тный
sense_list:
(Internet slang, sarcastic) Used without a copula to mock people who oppose something without having any real understanding of it.


lexentry: eng/bad_apple__Noun__1
written_rep: bad apple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: парши́вая овца́
sense_list:
(idiomatic, often, in the plural) A person who is not wholesome, honest, or trustworthy, especially one who has an adverse influence on others.


lexentry: eng/bad_breath__Noun__1
written_rep: bad breath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: галито́з | неприя́тный за́пах и́зо рта́
sense_list:
(medicine, dentistry, informal) Breath that produces an unpleasant or foul-smelling odor when exhaled.


lexentry: eng/bad_things_come_in_threes__Proverb__1
written_rep: bad things come in threes
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беда одна не ходит
sense_list:
If one unfortunate event has already occurred, a second and third are likely to occur; if two, a third should be expected.


lexentry: eng/bad_trip__Noun__1
written_rep: bad trip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бэд трип
sense_list:
(slang, drug use) An acute adverse psychological reaction to effects produced under the influence of psychoactive substances, namely hallucinogens.


lexentry: eng/badass__Adjective__1
written_rep: badass
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заеби́стый | кла́ссный | клёвый | круто́й | невъебе́нный | обалде́нный
sense_list:
(US, sometimes considered, _, vulgar, slang, positive connotation) Having an extreme appearance, attitude, or behavior that is considered admirable.


lexentry: eng/badass__Noun__1
written_rep: badass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: забия́ка | зади́ра | отморо́зок
sense_list:
(US, sometimes considered, _, vulgar, slang, negative connotation) A belligerent or mean person; a person with an unpleasantly extreme appearance, attitudes, or behavior.


lexentry: eng/badge__Noun__1
written_rep: badge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ([[нагру́дный]]) знак | бля́ха | значо́к | кока́рда | эмбле́ма
sense_list:
A distinctive mark, token, sign, emblem or cognizance, worn on one’s clothing, as an insignia of some rank, or of the membership of an organization. | (heraldry) A distinctive mark worn by servants, retainers, and followers of royalty or nobility, who, being beneath the rank of gentlemen, have no right to armorial bearings.


lexentry: eng/badminton__Noun__1
written_rep: badminton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бадминто́н | бадминтон
sense_list:
(uncountable) A racquet sport played indoors on a court by two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs of players (doubles), in which a shuttlecock is volleyed over a net and the competitions are presided by an umpire in British English and a referee in American English.


lexentry: eng/baffle__Noun__1
written_rep: baffle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дефле́ктор | перегоро́дка
sense_list:
A device used to dampen, muffle, restrain, or otherwise control the movement of a fluid, or waves travelling through a fluid such as light or sound; specifically, a surface positioned inside an open area to inhibit direct motion from one place to another without preventing motion altogether.


lexentry: eng/bag__Noun__1
written_rep: bag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: паке́т
sense_list:
A container made of leather, plastic, or other material, usually with a handle or handles, in which you carry personal items, or clothes or other things that you need for travelling. Includes shopping bags, schoolbags, suitcases, briefcases, handbags, backpacks, etc.


lexentry: eng/bagatelle__Noun__1
written_rep: bagatelle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: багате́ль
sense_list:
(literature, music) A short piece of literature or of instrumental music, typically light or playful in character.


lexentry: eng/baggage_carousel__Noun__1
written_rep: baggage carousel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[бага́жная]] [[ле́нта]]
sense_list:
A machine that delivers checked luggage to the passengers at the baggage claim area at their final destination. The luggage rotates in the carousel until it is picked up.


lexentry: eng/baggage_claim__Noun__1
written_rep: baggage claim
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́дача багажа́
sense_list:
(US) The designated location for receiving checked luggage, such as the baggage carousels at an airport.


lexentry: eng/bagpipes__Noun__1
written_rep: bagpipes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: волы́нка
sense_list:
A musical wind instrument possessing a flexible bag inflated by bellows, a double-reed melody pipe and up to four drone pipes; any aerophone that produces sound using air from a reservoir to vibrate enclosed reeds.


lexentry: eng/baiji__Noun__1
written_rep: baiji
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: байцзи́
sense_list:
A freshwater dolphin (†Lipotes vexillifer), only found in the Yangtze River, and declared functionally extinct in 2006.


lexentry: eng/baijiu__Noun__1
written_rep: baijiu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: байцзю́ | шаоцзю́
sense_list:
A clear Chinese distilled alcoholic beverage, generally distilled from sorghum and about 40–60% alcohol by volume.


lexentry: eng/bail__Noun__1
written_rep: bail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зало́г
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) Security, usually a sum of money, exchanged for the release of an arrested person as a guarantee of that person's appearance for trial.


lexentry: eng/bail_bond__Noun__1
written_rep: bail bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гарантия
sense_list:
(US) A surety, used to obtain the release of a criminal defendant who has been required to give bail.


lexentry: eng/bail_out__Verb__1
written_rep: bail out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: сва́ливать | свали́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic, slang) To leave (or not attend at all) a place or a situation, especially quickly or when the situation has become undesirable; to abandon (something).


lexentry: eng/bailiff__Noun__1
written_rep: bailiff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[суде́бный]] [[исполни́тель]] | [[суде́бный]] [[при́став]] | бе́йлиф | при́став-исполни́тель
sense_list:
(historical, Norman term) A reeve, (specifically) the chief officer executing the decisions of any English court in the period following the Norman Conquest or executing the decisions of lower courts in the late medieval and early modern period.


lexentry: eng/bain-marie__Noun__1
written_rep: bain-marie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водяна́я ба́ня
sense_list:
(cooking) A large pan containing hot water, into which other smaller pans are set in order to cook food slowly, or to keep food warm.


lexentry: eng/bait__Noun__1
written_rep: bait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прима́нка | нажи́вка
sense_list:
Any substance, especially food, used in catching fish, or other animals, by alluring them to a hook, snare, trap, or net.


lexentry: eng/bait__Noun__1
written_rep: bait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: прима́нка | искуше́ние | мано́к
sense_list:
Anything which allures; something or someone used to lure or entice someone or something into doing something


lexentry: eng/bait_and_switch__Noun__1
written_rep: bait and switch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: замани́ть и подменить
sense_list:
An unscrupulous and sometimes illegal sales technique, in which an inexpensive product is advertised to attract prospective customers who are then told by sales personnel that the inexpensive product is unavailable or of poor quality and are instead urged to buy a more expensive product.


lexentry: eng/baize__Noun__1
written_rep: baize
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́йка
sense_list:
A thick, soft, usually woolen cloth resembling felt; often colored green and used for coverings on card tables, billiard and snooker tables, etc.


lexentry: eng/bake__Verb__1
written_rep: bake
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: печь | вы́печь | выпека́ть | испе́чь | обже́чь | обжига́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive, or, ditransitive, with person as subject) To cook (something) in an oven (for someone).


lexentry: eng/baked_good__Noun__1
written_rep: baked good
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́печка
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) An item or class of items with a flour as a main ingredient, prepared by baking.


lexentry: eng/bakfiets__Noun__1
written_rep: bakfiets
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Грузовые велосипед
sense_list:
(cycling, originally in the Netherlands) A bicycle or tricycle with a long wheelbase between the front wheel and handlebars holding a large box, originally used solely to transport goods but now also commonly for carrying young children.


lexentry: eng/baklava__Noun__1
written_rep: baklava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баклава́ | пахлава́
sense_list:
A sweet pastry found in many cuisines of the Middle East and the Balkans, made of chopped nuts layered with phyllo pastry. [since c. 1650; modern spelling since 1800s]


lexentry: eng/balaclava__Noun__1
written_rep: balaclava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[вя́заный]] шлем | балакла́ва
sense_list:
A type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool.


lexentry: eng/balalaika__Noun__1
written_rep: balalaika
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балала́йка | балалайка
sense_list:
A plucked stringed instrument with a triangular body, short neck and three strings, of Russian origin.


lexentry: eng/balance__Noun__1
written_rep: balance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гармо́ния
sense_list:
(uncountable) Mental equilibrium; mental health; calmness, a state of remaining clear-headed and unperturbed.


lexentry: eng/balance__Verb__1
written_rep: balance
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уравнове́сить | уравнове́шивать
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring (items) to an equipoise, as the scales of a balance by adjusting the weights. | (transitive, figurative) To make (concepts) agree.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_payments__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of payments
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: платёжный бала́нс | расчётный бала́нс
sense_list:
A measure of all flows of money into and out of a country including payments for goods and services and capital flows.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_power__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of power
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бала́нс сил | равнове́сие сил
sense_list:
(politics, government) A situation of equilibrium in which no country is powerful enough to control, or threaten the interests of, the others.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_trade__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of trade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: торго́вый бала́нс
sense_list:
(economics, trade) The difference between the monetary value of exports and imports in an economy over a certain period of time.


lexentry: eng/balance_sheet__Noun__1
written_rep: balance sheet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бала́нс
sense_list:
(accounting) A summary of a person's or organization's assets, liabilities and equity as of a specific date.


lexentry: eng/balance_wheel__Noun__1
written_rep: balance wheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пружи́на
sense_list:
The timekeeping device normally used in mechanical watches and small clocks, consisting of a wheel which oscillates due to a coiled spring.


lexentry: eng/balanced__Adjective__1
written_rep: balanced
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сбалансированный
sense_list:
Containing elements in appropriate proportion; proportionately weighted on all dimensions and therefore unlikely to tip over.


lexentry: eng/balcony__Noun__1
written_rep: balcony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балко́н | балкон
sense_list:
(architectural element) An accessible structure extending from a building, especially outside a window. | An accessible structure overlooking a stage or the like.


lexentry: eng/bald_cypress__Noun__1
written_rep: bald cypress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: боло́тный кипари́с
sense_list:
Taxodium distichum, deciduous conifer trees native to often-flooded areas of the southeastern and south central parts of the United States.


lexentry: eng/bald_eagle__Noun__1
written_rep: bald eagle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: белоголо́вый орла́н
sense_list:
Haliaeetus leucocephalus, a species of eagle native to North America and notable for the white plumage on its head.


lexentry: eng/baldric__Noun__1
written_rep: baldric
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бандальер | панталер | пе́ревязь
sense_list:
A broad belt, originally of leather and often richly ornamented, worn diagonally from shoulder to hip (across the breast and under the opposite arm), which was formerly used to hold a sword, a bugle, etc., and is now chiefly worn for ceremonial purposes; also (loosely) , any belt. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/baleen__Noun__1
written_rep: baleen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кито́вый ус
sense_list:
(physiology, uncountable) keratinous material that makes up the plates in the mouth of the baleen whale (Mysticeti), which it uses to trap its food; formerly used in corsetry.


lexentry: eng/baleen_whale__Noun__1
written_rep: baleen whale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уса́тый кит
sense_list:
Any of several large whales, of the parvorder Mysticeti, that have plates of whalebone (baleen) instead of teeth.


lexentry: eng/balisong__Noun__1
written_rep: balisong
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бабочка
sense_list:
A folding pocket knife with two handles counter-rotating around the tang such that, when closed, the blade is concealed within grooves in the handles.


lexentry: eng/balk__Noun__1
written_rep: balk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ба́лка
sense_list:
Beam, crossbeam; squared timber; a tie beam of a house, stretching from wall to wall, especially when laid so as to form a loft, "the balks".


lexentry: eng/ball-and-socket_joint__Noun__1
written_rep: ball-and-socket joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коленная чашечка
sense_list:
A joint in which one segment has a rounded end and the next segment has a bowl-shaped end, with the rounded end being fitted into the bowl shape, allowing the first segment to move around an indefinite number of axes which have one common center. Examples include the human shoulder joint and the balljoints of some automotive suspensions.


lexentry: eng/ball__Noun__1
written_rep: ball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: шар | поду́шечка
sense_list:
(mathematics) The set of points in a metric space of any number of dimensions lying within a given distance (the radius) of a given point.


lexentry: eng/ball__Noun__1
written_rep: ball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: мяч | шар | мя́чик | ша́рик
sense_list:
(printing, historical) A leather-covered cushion, fastened to a handle called a ballstock; formerly used by printers for inking the form, then superseded by the roller.


lexentry: eng/ball_boy__Noun__1
written_rep: ball boy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: болбо́й
sense_list:
(sports) A person, usually male, responsible for retrieving balls from the area of play, and returning them to the players.


lexentry: eng/ball_in_hand__Noun__1
written_rep: ball in hand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гандбол
sense_list:
In billiards, a circumstance in which a fault by another player, such as a scratch, permits the competitor to take the cue ball in hand and place it anywhere on the table.


lexentry: eng/ball_lightning__Noun__1
written_rep: ball lightning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шарова́я мо́лния
sense_list:
A short-lived glowing ball sometimes observed to float in the air and thought to consist of ionized gas associated with thunderstorms.


lexentry: eng/ballad__Noun__1
written_rep: ballad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балла́да | баллада
sense_list:
A kind of narrative poem, adapted for recitation or singing; especially, a sentimental or romantic poem in short stanzas.


lexentry: eng/ballast__Noun__1
written_rep: ballast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балла́ст | балласт
sense_list:
(nautical) Heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship (or in the gondola of a balloon), to provide stability.


lexentry: eng/ballerina__Noun__1
written_rep: ballerina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балери́на | балерина
sense_list:
(commonly) A female ballet dancer. | (less common, non-standard) A male ballet dancer; Synonym of ballerino.


lexentry: eng/ballet__Noun__1
written_rep: ballet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бале́т | балет
sense_list:
(dances) A classical form of dance. | A theatrical presentation of such dancing, usually with music, sometimes in the form of a story.


lexentry: eng/ballista__Noun__1
written_rep: ballista
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балли́ста
sense_list:
(weaponry, historical) An ancient military engine, in the form of a crossbow, used for hurling large missiles.


lexentry: eng/ballistic_missile__Noun__1
written_rep: ballistic missile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баллисти́ческая раке́та
sense_list:
(military, rocketry) A missile that is initially guided, but then follows a ballistic (freely falling) trajectory.


lexentry: eng/ballistics__Noun__1
written_rep: ballistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балли́стика | баллистика
sense_list:
(physics) The science of objects that predominantly fly under the effects of gravity, momentum and atmospheric drag, and dealing with details of their behaviour at the origin and destination of their flight, as of bullets or missiles or rockets.


lexentry: eng/balloon_plant__Noun__1
written_rep: balloon plant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фона́рь
sense_list:
A flowering vine with large, hollow seedpod and round seeds featuring a heart-shaped mark; Cardiospermum halicacabum


lexentry: eng/ballot__Noun__1
written_rep: ballot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бюллете́нь | избира́тельный бюллете́нь
sense_list:
(originally) A small ball placed in a container to cast a vote; now, by extension, a piece of paper or card used for this purpose, or some other means used to signify a vote.


lexentry: eng/ballpoint_pen__Noun__1
written_rep: ballpoint pen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ру́чка | ша́риковая ру́чка
sense_list:
A pen, similar in size and shape to a pencil, having an internal chamber filled with a viscous, quick-drying ink that is dispensed at the tip during use by the rolling action of a metal sphere (around 0.7 mm to 1 mm in diameter).


lexentry: eng/balls__Noun__2
written_rep: balls
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: муде́ | яйцо
sense_list:
(uncountable, vulgar, colloquial) Masculinity, particularly strength, courage, and force of will; chutzpah; brazenness.


lexentry: eng/balm__Noun__1
written_rep: balm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мелисса
sense_list:
Any of various aromatic resins exuded from certain plants, especially trees of the genus Commiphora of Africa, Arabia and India and Myroxylon of South America.


lexentry: eng/balsamic__Adjective__1
written_rep: balsamic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бальзамический
sense_list:
Having the health-giving properties of balsam; soothing, restorative. | Having the pleasant odour of balsam; balmy, fragrant.


lexentry: eng/balsamic_vinegar__Noun__1
written_rep: balsamic vinegar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бальзами́ческий у́ксус
sense_list:
A dark, sweet vinegar, made from reduced white wine, that has been matured in wooden barrels, the resins of which contribute to its flavour; especially such a vinegar from Modena in Italy.


lexentry: eng/baluster__Noun__1
written_rep: baluster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баля́сина | балясина
sense_list:
(architecture) A short column used in a group to support a rail, as commonly found on the side of a stairway or around a balcony; a banister.


lexentry: eng/balustrade__Noun__1
written_rep: balustrade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балюстра́да | балюстрада
sense_list:
A row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an open parapet, as along the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, staircase, or the eaves of a building.


lexentry: eng/bamboo_shoot__Noun__1
written_rep: bamboo shoot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: побе́ги бамбу́ка
sense_list:
(chiefly, in the plural) The edible shoot of any of several species of bamboo (especially of the genera Dendrocalamus and Phyllostachys), cooked and eaten as a vegetable in Chinese and similar cuisine.


lexentry: eng/banal__Adjective__1
written_rep: banal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бана́льный | изби́тый | обыкнове́нный
sense_list:
Common in a boring way, to the point of being predictable; containing nothing new or fresh. | (uncommon, historical) Relating to a type of feudal jurisdiction or service.


lexentry: eng/banana__Noun__1
written_rep: banana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банан | бана́н
sense_list:
(North America, UK, Ireland) In particular, the sweet, yellow fruit of the Cavendish banana cultivar, which may be eaten raw, as distinct from e.g. a plantain for cooking. | An elongated curved tropical fruit of a banana plant, which grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin. [from 1597]


lexentry: eng/banana__Noun__1
written_rep: banana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[банановый|бана́новое]] [[де́рево]] | бана́н | банан
sense_list:
The tropical tree-like plant which bears clusters of bananas, a plant of the genus Musa (but sometimes also including plants from Ensete), which has large, elongated leaves. [from 1697]


lexentry: eng/banana_peel__Noun__1
written_rep: banana peel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[банановый|бана́новая]] [[кожура́]]
sense_list:
(Canadian, US, Philippines) The several outermost layers of a banana, especially once removed from the rest of the banana, which may be slippery if stepped on.


lexentry: eng/banana_republic__Noun__1
written_rep: banana republic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бана́новая респу́блика | бана́новая страна́ | банановая республика
sense_list:
(politics, idiom, pejorative) A small country, especially one in Central America or the West Indies, that is dependent on a single export commodity (traditionally bananas) and that has a corrupt, dictatorial government.


lexentry: eng/banana_split__Noun__1
written_rep: banana split
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бана́новый сплит
sense_list:
A dessert or sundae containing a banana cut in half lengthwise (split), ice cream and various toppings which may include sauces, nuts or fruit.


lexentry: eng/bananaquit__Noun__1
written_rep: bananaquit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бана́новый певу́н | са́харная пти́ца
sense_list:
A nectar-feeding bird, Coereba flaveola, thought to be related to the Darwin's finches and the grassquits.


lexentry: eng/band-aid__Noun__1
written_rep: band-aid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лейкопла́стырь | пла́стырь
sense_list:
(Australia, North America, Philippines) An adhesive bandage, a small piece of fabric or plastic that may be stuck to the skin in order to temporarily cover a small wound.


lexentry: eng/band-aid__Noun__1
written_rep: band-aid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: запла́тка | косты́ль
sense_list:
(Australia, Canada, US, Philippines, informal) A temporary or makeshift solution to a problem, created ad hoc and often with a lack of foresight. [from 1968]


lexentry: eng/band__Noun__1
written_rep: band
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: диапазо́н | ле́нта | полоса́ | реме́нь
sense_list:
A continuous tablet, stripe, or series of ornaments, as of carved foliage, of colour, or of brickwork.


lexentry: eng/band__Noun__2
written_rep: band
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анса́мбль | ба́нда | бэнд | гру́ппа | орке́стр
sense_list:
A group of musicians who perform together as an ensemble; sometimes, such a group working for a professional recording artist.


lexentry: eng/bandana__Noun__1
written_rep: bandana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банда́на
sense_list:
A large kerchief, usually colourful and used either as headgear or as a handkerchief, neckerchief, bikini, or sweatband.


lexentry: eng/banded_archerfish__Noun__1
written_rep: banded archerfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полоса́тый брызгу́н
sense_list:
An archerfish of species Toxotes jaculatrix, known for its ability to spit a jet of water to "shoot down" prey, found in coastal waters from India to the Philippines, Vanuatu, and Australia.


lexentry: eng/bandicoot__Noun__1
written_rep: bandicoot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бандику́т | су́мчатый барсу́к
sense_list:
Any of various small marsupials of Australia and New Guinea, some with distinctive long snouts, of the family Peramelidae. | A bandicoot rat; any of the genera Bandicota and Nesokia of rat-like rodents of southeast Asia.


lexentry: eng/bandura__Noun__1
written_rep: bandura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банду́ра | бандура
sense_list:
A Ukrainian plucked stringed instrument with a tear-shaped body, like an asymmetrical lute or a vertical zither, which is played with both hands while held upright on the lap.


lexentry: eng/bandwidth__Noun__1
written_rep: bandwidth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[пропускной|пропускна́я]] [[спосо́бность]] | [[ширина́]] [[полоса|полосы́]]
sense_list:
(networking, informal) The rate of data flow in digital networks typically measured in bits per second; the bitrate.


lexentry: eng/bang__Noun__1
written_rep: bang
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: чёлка
sense_list:
(US, archaic) : hair hanging over the forehead, especially a hairstyle with such hair cut straight across.


lexentry: eng/bang__Noun__1
written_rep: bang
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: восклица́тельный знак
sense_list:
(chiefly, US) The symbol !, known as an exclamation point. | (mathematics) A factorial, in mathematics, because the factorial of n is often written as n!


lexentry: eng/bang_snap__Noun__1
written_rep: bang snap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлопушка
sense_list:
(pyrotechnics) A type of very small firework consisting of a small amount of gravel or coarse sand impregnated with a minute amount of silver fulminate and wrapped in a twisted piece of thin paper, which detonates harmlessly when struck, crushed, or ignited.


lexentry: eng/banger__Noun__1
written_rep: banger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: развалю́ха
sense_list:
(automotive, slang) An old, worn-out car. From a stereotypical one backfiring, making banging noises.


lexentry: eng/banjo__Noun__1
written_rep: banjo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нджо | банджо
sense_list:
A stringed musical instrument (chordophone), usually with a round body, a membrane-like soundboard and a fretted neck, played by plucking or strumming the strings.


lexentry: eng/bank__Noun__1
written_rep: bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: банк
sense_list:
(countable) A branch office of such an institution. | (gambling, countable) The sum of money etc. which the dealer or banker has as a fund from which to draw stakes and pay losses.


lexentry: eng/bank__Noun__1
written_rep: bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: банк | склад | храни́лище
sense_list:
(countable, mostly, in combination) A safe and guaranteed place of storage for and retrieval of important items or goods.


lexentry: eng/bank__Noun__2
written_rep: bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ба́нка | о́тмель
sense_list:
(nautical, hydrology) An elevation under the sea; a shallow area of shifting sand, gravel, mud, and so forth


lexentry: eng/bank_account__Noun__1
written_rep: bank account
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нковский счёт | банковский счёт
sense_list:
A fund, held by a bank in a contractual arrangement between the bank and the owner of the fund, a customer of the bank, into which they can deposit and from which they can withdraw money.


lexentry: eng/bank_card__Noun__1
written_rep: bank card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нковская ка́рта
sense_list:
(banking) A card issued by a bank, which may entitle the holder to a variety of services similar to that of a credit card or debit card, or allow withdrawal of cash from ATMs.


lexentry: eng/bank_cheque__Noun__1
written_rep: bank cheque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нковский чек
sense_list:
(banking) A cheque which is payable by a bank itself, as opposed to an ordinary cheque payable only out of the funds of a particular customer's account. A bank cheque is normally obtained by a bank customer (by paying its face value), the point is that the person receiving the cheque has the security of knowing it's payable by the bank and thus cannot bounce (not so long as the bank is solvent).


lexentry: eng/bank_holiday__Noun__1
written_rep: bank holiday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: празднество
sense_list:
(UK, Ireland) A weekday, often a Monday, on which most businesses are closed, and granted to workers as a national holiday.


lexentry: eng/bank_run__Noun__1
written_rep: bank run
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банковская паника
sense_list:
An event where many depositors of one or more banks withdraw money from their bank accounts within a short time, causing the banks concerned to become unstable.


lexentry: eng/bank_statement__Noun__1
written_rep: bank statement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нковская вы́писка | ба́нковский бала́нс | вы́писка по счёту
sense_list:
A communication from a bank to a person holding an account in that bank, usually issued monthly, detailing the value of the holdings in that account and the effects of all transactions occurring with respect to that account.


lexentry: eng/banker__Noun__1
written_rep: banker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банки́р | банки́рша | банкир
sense_list:
One who conducts the business of banking; one who, individually, or as a member of a company, keeps an establishment for the deposit or loan of money, or for traffic in money, bills of exchange, etc.


lexentry: eng/banking__Noun__1
written_rep: banking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: подта́лкивание
sense_list:
(rail) The practice of assisting a train up a steep incline (called a bank) with another locomotive at the rear.


lexentry: eng/bankrupt__Adjective__1
written_rep: bankrupt
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обанкро́тившийся
sense_list:
(finance, of a person, company, etc.) In a condition of bankruptcy; unable to pay outstanding debts or meet financial obligations; specifically, having been legally declared insolvent. [from 1565]


lexentry: eng/bankruptcy__Noun__1
written_rep: bankruptcy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банкро́тство | несостоя́тельность | банкротство
sense_list:
(finance, law) A legally declared or recognized condition of insolvency of a person or organization.


lexentry: eng/banner__Noun__1
written_rep: banner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: флаг | стяг | зна́мя
sense_list:
A flag or standard used by a military commander, monarch or nation. | (by extension) The military unit under such a flag or standard.


lexentry: eng/banner__Noun__1
written_rep: banner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: плака́т | транспара́нт
sense_list:
A large piece of cloth with a slogan, motto, or emblem carried in a demonstration or other procession or suspended in some conspicuous place.


lexentry: eng/banner__Noun__1
written_rep: banner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: ба́ннер
sense_list:
(Internet, television) A type of advertisement on a web page or on television, usually taking the form of a graphic or animation above or alongside the content.


lexentry: eng/bannock__Noun__1
written_rep: bannock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: лепешка
sense_list:
(specifically) This or any similar traditional bread when made by indigenous Americans, originally from native sources such as maize or pseudocereals and plants with starchy roots


lexentry: eng/banshee__Noun__1
written_rep: banshee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нши | ба́ньши | банши́ | баньши́
sense_list:
(Scotland, Ireland, , folklore) A female spirit, usually taking the form of a woman whose mournful wailing warns of an impending death.


lexentry: eng/bantustan__Noun__1
written_rep: bantustan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бантуста́н
sense_list:
(originally, _, South Africa, historical) Any of ten former territories defined as homelands for black South Africans under apartheid policy


lexentry: eng/banzai_charge__Noun__1
written_rep: banzai charge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банза́й-ата́ка
sense_list:
(historical, military) A human-wave suicide attack performed by Japanese soldiers during World War II.


lexentry: eng/baobab__Noun__1
written_rep: baobab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баоба́б | баобаб
sense_list:
A tree, Adansonia digitata, native to tropical Africa, having a broad swollen trunk and edible gourd-like hanging fruits.


lexentry: eng/baptism__Noun__1
written_rep: baptism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: креще́ние | бапти́зм
sense_list:
(Christianity) A Christian sacrament, by which one is received into a church and sometimes given a name, generally involving the candidate to be anointed with or submerged in water.


lexentry: eng/baptism_of_fire__Noun__1
written_rep: baptism of fire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: боево́е креще́ние
sense_list:
(figuratively, military) The first experience of a severe ordeal, especially a first experience of military combat


lexentry: eng/baptistry__Noun__1
written_rep: baptistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баптисте́рий
sense_list:
(Christianity) A designated space within a church, or a separate room or building associated with a church, where a baptismal font is located, and consequently, where the sacrament of Christian baptism (via aspersion or affusion) is performed.


lexentry: eng/baptize__Verb__1
written_rep: baptize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крести́ть | окрести́ть
sense_list:
(Christianity) To perform the sacrament of baptism by sprinkling or pouring water over someone or immersing them in water. | To dedicate or christen.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: брус | прут | сте́ржень
sense_list:
A solid, more or less rigid object of metal or wood with a uniform cross-section smaller than its length. | (countable, uncountable, metallurgy) A solid metal object with uniform (round, square, hexagonal, octagonal or rectangular) cross-section; in the US its smallest dimension is 1⁄4 inch or greater, a piece of thinner material being called a strip.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: бар | каба́к | корчма́ | паб | пивна́я | пивну́шка
sense_list:
(mathematics) The sign indicating that the characteristic of a logarithm is negative, conventionally placed above the digit(s) to show that it applies to the characteristic only and not to the mantissa.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: бар
sense_list:
A counter, or simply a cabinet, from which alcoholic drinks are served in a private house or a hotel room.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 21
trans_list: адвокатура | адвокату́ра | юриспруденция
sense_list:
(law, metonym, "the Bar", "the bar") Collectively, lawyers or the legal profession; specifically applied to barristers in some countries, but including all lawyers in others.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 23
trans_list: бар | ба́нка | каба́к | корчма́ | о́тмель | паб
sense_list:
(music) A vertical line across a musical staff dividing written music into sections, typically of equal durational value.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 30
trans_list: ба́нка | о́тмель
sense_list:
(geography, nautical, hydrology) A ridge or succession of ridges of sand or other substance; especially:


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 30
trans_list: поло́ска
sense_list:
A linear shoaling landform feature within a body of water; a formation extending across the mouth of a river or harbor or off a beach, and which may obstruct navigation. (FM 55-501).


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__2
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бар
sense_list:
A non-SI unit of pressure equal to 100,000 pascals, slightly less than atmospheric pressure at sea level.


lexentry: eng/bar_association__Noun__1
written_rep: bar association
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колле́гия заши́тников
sense_list:
An organization of lawyers which regulates their ability to practice law in a jurisdiction, and/or serves the interests of lawyers in that jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/bar_shot__Noun__1
written_rep: bar shot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: книппель
sense_list:
(military, historical) A double-headed shot, consisting of a bar, with a ball or half ball at each end; formerly used for destroying the masts or rigging in naval combat.


lexentry: eng/bar_stool__Noun__1
written_rep: bar stool
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барный стул
sense_list:
A stool used for sitting, often taller than a chair and usually having a foot rest, commonly placed in bars and in front of kitchen counters.


lexentry: eng/bara_brith__Noun__1
written_rep: bara brith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бара брит
sense_list:
A Welsh yeast bread enriched with dried fruit; also, a Welsh fruitcake made with self-raising flour but no yeast.


lexentry: eng/barb__Noun__1
written_rep: barb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зубе́ц | колю́чка | шип
sense_list:
The point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc., to prevent it from being easily extracted. Hence: Anything which stands out with a sharp point obliquely or crosswise to something else.


lexentry: eng/barbarian__Noun__1
written_rep: barbarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ва́рвар | ва́рварка | дика́рка | дика́рь
sense_list:
An uncivilized or uncultured person, originally compared to the hellenistic Greco-Roman civilisation; usually associated with senseless violence and self-harm or other such shows of brute force and lack of mental faculty. | (derogatory) Someone from a developing country or backward culture.


lexentry: eng/barbarian__Noun__1
written_rep: barbarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ва́рвар
sense_list:
A brutish warrior depicted in sword and sorcery and other fantasy works; typically clad in primitive furs or leather and usually favoring physical strength over intelligence while often possessing a bellicose temperament and disdain for laws.


lexentry: eng/barbat__Noun__1
written_rep: barbat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барбет
sense_list:
(historical) An ancient Persian plucked lute with a pear-shaped body, a flat belly, an angled back near the pegbox, and a fretless neck.


lexentry: eng/barbecue__Noun__1
written_rep: barbecue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барбекю́ | гриль | шашлы́чница | барбекю́шница | ра́шпер
sense_list:
A fireplace or pit for grilling food, typically used outdoors and traditionally employing hot charcoal as the heating medium.


lexentry: eng/barbecue__Verb__1
written_rep: barbecue
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жа́рить
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To cook food on a barbecue; to smoke food over indirect heat from high-smoke fuels.


lexentry: eng/barbecue_sauce__Noun__1
written_rep: barbecue sauce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: со́ус для барбекью́
sense_list:
A fruity, tangy, usually brown sauce, typically consisting of a vinegar or tomato base with spices and sweeteners, used as a basting sauce, marinade, or condiment, especially for barbecued meat.


lexentry: eng/barbed_wire__Noun__1
written_rep: barbed wire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колю́чая про́волока | колючая проволока
sense_list:
Twisted strands of steel wire, often coated with zinc, having barbs evenly spaced along them; used to construct agricultural and military fences.


lexentry: eng/barbel__Noun__1
written_rep: barbel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: уса́ч | усач
sense_list:
(biology) Whisker-like sensory organs, located around the mouth of certain fish, including catfish, carp, goatfish, sturgeon, and some types of shark.


lexentry: eng/barbell__Noun__1
written_rep: barbell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шта́нга
sense_list:
A wide steel bar with premeasured weights affixed to either end, with the central span open for the hands of the weightlifter.


lexentry: eng/barbell_pad__Noun__1
written_rep: barbell pad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: накла́дка | смягчи́тель
sense_list:
A soft envelope designed to surround a barbell bar and spread out the pressure point on the body (otherwise present at squats and hip thrusts).


lexentry: eng/barber_surgeon__Noun__1
written_rep: barber surgeon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цирюльник
sense_list:
(historical) A medical practitioner of medieval Europe, generally charged with looking after soldiers during or after a battle.


lexentry: eng/barbershop__Noun__1
written_rep: barbershop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барбершо́п | парикма́херская
sense_list:
(countable) The place of business of a barber; a store where a person (usually a male) can go to get a haircut.


lexentry: eng/barbet__Noun__1
written_rep: barbet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кузнец
sense_list:
Any of numerous arboreal birds of the families Capitonidae, Lybiidae, and Megalaimidae, within the order Piciformes.


lexentry: eng/barbiturate__Noun__1
written_rep: barbiturate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барбитура́т
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any salt or ester of barbituric acid. | (pharmaceutical drug) Any of derivatives of barbituric acid that act as depressants of the central nervous system and are used as sedatives or hypnotics.


lexentry: eng/barcarole__Noun__1
written_rep: barcarole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баркаро́ла
sense_list:
(music) A Venetian folk song traditionally sung by gondoliers, often in 6⁄8 or 12⁄8 time with alternating strong and weak beats imitating a rowing motion. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/barchan__Noun__1
written_rep: barchan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барха́н | бархан
sense_list:
(geology, also, attributive) An arc-shaped shifting sand dune comprising well-sorted (uniformly sized) sand.


lexentry: eng/barcode__Noun__1
written_rep: barcode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: штрихко́д
sense_list:
Any set of machine-readable parallel bars or concentric circles, varying in width, spacing, or height, encoding information according to a symbology. [from 1960s]


lexentry: eng/bard__Noun__1
written_rep: bard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бард | а́втор-исполни́тель
sense_list:
A professional poet and singer, like among the ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in honor of the heroic achievements of princes and brave men.


lexentry: eng/bare-breasted__Adjective__1
written_rep: bare-breasted
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: с обнажённой гру́дью
sense_list:
(chiefly, of a woman) Having the breasts and nipples exposed, often implying a less salacious atmosphere than topless.


lexentry: eng/bare_one's_teeth__Verb__1
written_rep: bare one's teeth
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (idiom, by extension) To show aggression.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[оска́ливать]] [[зуб|зу́бы]] | [[оска́лить]] [[зуб|зу́бы]] | [[ска́лить]] [[зуб|зу́бы]] | оска́литься | ска́литься


lexentry: eng/barefaced__Adjective__1
written_rep: barefaced
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дерзкий
sense_list:
Undisguisedly offensive and bold; crude. | Open, undisguised. | Unbearded (not having a beard or other facial hair). | Unmasked (not wearing a mask) or not wearing a face covering. | Not wearing makeup on the face.


lexentry: eng/barefoot_doctor__Noun__1
written_rep: barefoot doctor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: босоногий доктор
sense_list:
(historical) A farmer or rural resident with basic medical training who worked as a doctor in rural areas of the People's Republic of China from the mid-1960s until the 1980s, generally under a government-sponsored program.


lexentry: eng/bargain__Noun__1
written_rep: bargain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[това́р]], [[ку́пленный]] по дешёвке | сде́лка
sense_list:
An agreement between parties concerning the sale of property; or a contract by which one party binds themself to transfer the right to some property for a consideration, and the other party binds themself to receive the property and pay the consideration.


lexentry: eng/barge__Noun__1
written_rep: barge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́ржа | ба́рка
sense_list:
(watercraft) A large flat-bottomed towed or self-propelled boat used mainly for river and canal transport of heavy goods or bulk cargo.


lexentry: eng/barge__Noun__1
written_rep: barge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ба́рка | барка́с
sense_list:
A large flat-bottomed coastal trading vessel having a large spritsail and jib-headed topsail, a fore staysail and a very small mizen, and having leeboards instead of a keel.


lexentry: eng/barge_in__Verb__1
written_rep: barge in
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: To intrude; to enter or interrupt suddenly and without invitation.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[встрева́ть]] в [[разгово́р]] | вме́шиваться | вмеша́ться | встрять в [[разгово́р]] | вто́ргнуться | вторга́ться


lexentry: eng/barium__Noun__1
written_rep: barium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́рий | барий
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Ba) with an atomic number of 56. It is a soft, reactive, silvery alkaline earth metal.


lexentry: eng/barium_chloride__Noun__1
written_rep: barium chloride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлори́д ба́рия
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The barium salt of hydrochloric acid, BaCl2; it is toxic, and has been used as a rat poison.


lexentry: eng/bark__Noun__3
written_rep: bark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: барк
sense_list:
(watercraft) A vessel, typically with three (or more) masts, with the foremasts (or fore- and mainmasts) square-rigged, and mizzenmast schooner-rigged.


lexentry: eng/bark__Verb__1
written_rep: bark
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ла́ять | га́вкать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs (said of animals, especially dogs). | (intransitive) To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries.


lexentry: eng/bark_up_the_wrong_tree__Verb__1
written_rep: bark up the wrong tree
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To take the wrong approach to a situation; to follow a false lead; to attempt to solve a problem using mistaken assumptions about its true nature.

trans_list:
[[напа́сть]] на [[ло́жный]] след | [[напада́ть]] на [[ло́жный]] след | не в ту степь поехать | не тем заниматься


lexentry: eng/barley__Noun__1
written_rep: barley
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ячме́нь | ячмень
sense_list:
A cereal of the species Hordeum vulgare, or its grains, often used as food or to make beer and other malted drinks.


