# translation

lexentry: eng/house_number__Noun__1
written_rep: house number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: номер дома
sense_list:
The number (street address) assigned to a particular house to distinguish it from other buildings on the same street.


lexentry: eng/house_of_cards__Noun__1
written_rep: house of cards
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́рточный до́мик | карточный домик
sense_list:
A structure made by stacking playing cards in a pyramidal fashion. | (figurative, idiomatic) A structure or argument built on a shaky foundation.


lexentry: eng/house_sparrow__Noun__1
written_rep: house sparrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воробе́й | воробе́й обыкнове́нный
sense_list:
A bird of the species Passer domesticus, native to much of Eurasia, introduced in many other temperate environments.


lexentry: eng/house_wine__Noun__1
written_rep: house wine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дома́шнее вино́
sense_list:
A relatively inexpensive wine sold in a restaurant, often by the glass as well as by the bottle or unmarked carafe; both red and white are normally offered.


lexentry: eng/household_deity__Noun__1
written_rep: household deity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: домово́й
sense_list:
(mythology, religion) A minor tutelary deity watching over a household, usually conceived as a protective ancestral spirit or genius loci.


lexentry: eng/housekeeper__Noun__1
written_rep: housekeeper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: домоправи́тельница | эконо́мка
sense_list:
Someone (traditionally a woman) employed to look after the home, typically by managing domestic servants or superintending household management; also someone with equivalent duties in a hotel, institution etc. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/housekeeper__Noun__1
written_rep: housekeeper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: домрабо́тница | эконо́мка
sense_list:
Someone who manages the running of a home, traditionally the female head of the household. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/housewife__Noun__1
written_rep: housewife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: домохозя́йка | домохозяйка
sense_list:
(plural "housewives") The wife of a householder; the mistress of a family; the female head of a household.


lexentry: eng/hoverboard__Noun__1
written_rep: hoverboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ховерборд
sense_list:
(mostly, science fiction) A levitating board that can be ridden in the manner of a surfboard or skateboard.


lexentry: eng/hovercraft__Noun__1
written_rep: hovercraft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: СВП | су́дно на возду́шной поду́шке | хо́веркра́фт
sense_list:
(vehicle, genericized trademark) A vehicle supported on a cushion of air, able to traverse many different types of terrain and travel over water, used for transport.


lexentry: eng/hoverfly__Noun__1
written_rep: hoverfly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: журча́лка
sense_list:
Any of various flies from the family Syrphidae that hover in the air and feed on the nectar of flowers.


lexentry: eng/how__Adverb__1
written_rep: how
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: как
sense_list:
(interrogative) In what state or condition. | (exclamative) Used as a modifier to indicate surprise, delight, or other strong feelings in an exclamation.


lexentry: eng/how_are_you__Phrase__1
written_rep: how are you
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как дела́? | как пожива́ете? | как пожива́ешь?
sense_list:
(idiomatic) An informal greeting, not requiring a literal response. In form a question, and thus followed by a question mark. Typical responses include:


lexentry: eng/how_do_you_do__Phrase__1
written_rep: how do you do
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как дела́? | о́чень прия́тно | прия́тно познако́миться
sense_list:
(formal) A greeting used upon being introduced to someone. Alternatives are how are you, pleased to meet you, and nice to meet you. (Sometimes used as a rhetorical question among familiar parties, depending on the region).


lexentry: eng/how_old_are_you__Phrase__1
written_rep: how old are you
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ско́лько вам лет? | ско́лько тебе́ лет?
sense_list:
Asks the age of the interlocutor. | (impolite) Used to question the mental age (maturity) of the interlocutor.


lexentry: eng/howitzer__Noun__1
written_rep: howitzer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: га́убица | гаубица
sense_list:
A cannon that combines certain characteristics of field guns and mortars, delivering projectiles with medium velocities, usually with relatively high trajectories; normally a cannon with a tube length of 20 to 30 calibers.


lexentry: eng/huangjiu__Noun__1
written_rep: huangjiu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жёлтое вино́ | хуанцзю́
sense_list:
A class of Chinese alcoholic beverages made from fermented grains including rice, millet, and wheat, typically 10–20% alcohol by volume.


lexentry: eng/hue__Noun__1
written_rep: hue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отте́нок
sense_list:
A color, or shade of color; tint; dye. | The characteristic related to the light frequency that appears in the color, for instance red, yellow, green, cyan, blue or magenta.


lexentry: eng/hug__Noun__1
written_rep: hug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обнима́ние | объя́тие
sense_list:
A close embrace, especially when charged with an emotion such as affection, joy, relief, lust, anger, aggression, compassion, and the like, as opposed to being characterized by formality, equivocation or ambivalence (a half-embrace or "little hug").


lexentry: eng/huh__Interjection__1
written_rep: huh
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: а | да
sense_list:
(with rising pitch) Used to reinforce a question. | (informal, with falling pitch) Used to create a tag question.


lexentry: eng/huh__Interjection__1
written_rep: huh
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: а | да | да ну | ха | что
sense_list:
(slang, with falling pitch) Used either to belittle the issuer of a statement/question, or sarcastically to indicate utter agreement, and that the statement being responded to is an extreme understatement. The intonation is changed to distinguish between the two meanings - implied dullness for belittlement, and feigned surprise for utter agreement.


lexentry: eng/hula__Noun__1
written_rep: hula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ху́ла
sense_list:
A form of chant and dance, which was developed in the Hawaiian Islands by the Polynesians who originally settled there.


lexentry: eng/hula_hoop__Noun__1
written_rep: hula hoop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́бруч | ху́ла-ху́п
sense_list:
A toy in the form of a large hoop which is twirled around various parts of the body, especially the waist.


lexentry: eng/hulk__Noun__1
written_rep: hulk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блокшив
sense_list:
(by extension) A non-functional but floating ship, usually stripped of equipment and rigging, and often put to other uses such as accommodation or storage.


lexentry: eng/hull__Noun__2
written_rep: hull
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ко́рпус | ку́зов | фюзеля́ж
sense_list:
(mathematics, geometry, of a set A) The smallest set that possesses a particular property (such as convexity) and contains every point of A; slightly more formally, the intersection of all sets which possess the specified property and of which A is a subset.


lexentry: eng/hum__Noun__1
written_rep: hum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жужжа́ние
sense_list:
A hummed tune, i.e. created orally with lips closed. | An often indistinct sound resembling human humming.


lexentry: eng/hum__Verb__1
written_rep: hum
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жужжа́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a sound from the vocal chords without pronouncing any real words, with one's lips closed.


lexentry: eng/human__Adjective__1
written_rep: human
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: людско́й | челове́ческий
sense_list:
(notcomp) Of or belonging to the species Homo sapiens or its closest relatives. | (comparable) Having the nature or attributes of a human being.


lexentry: eng/human_being__Noun__1
written_rep: human being
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лю́ди | челове́к
sense_list:
A person; a large sapient, bipedal primate, with notably less hair than others of that order, of the species Homo sapiens.


lexentry: eng/human_capital__Noun__1
written_rep: human capital
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: челове́ческий капита́л
sense_list:
(economics) The stock of competencies, knowledge, habits, social and personality attributes, including creativity, cognitive abilities, embodied in the ability to perform labor so as to produce economic value.


lexentry: eng/human_chain__Noun__1
written_rep: human chain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: живая цепь
sense_list:
(politics) A form of demonstration in which people link their arms as a show of political solidarity.


lexentry: eng/human_condition__Noun__1
written_rep: human condition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: челове́ческое усло́вие | человече́ская ситуа́ция
sense_list:
(usually, preceded by the) What it means to be human; the experiences, characteristics, and limitations of life shared by all humans, as opposed to other lifeforms.


lexentry: eng/human_immunodeficiency_virus__Noun__1
written_rep: human immunodeficiency virus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ви́рус иммунодефици́та челове́ка
sense_list:
(virology) Either of the two related viruses, human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) that progressively destroy the body's immune system and can potentially lead to AIDS.


lexentry: eng/human_resources__Noun__1
written_rep: human resources
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: HR | ка́дровая слу́жба | челове́ческие ресу́рсы | эйч-а́р
sense_list:
(management) The personnel department of an organization, dealing with the recruitment, administration, management and training of employees; abbreviated as HR.


lexentry: eng/human_rights__Noun__1
written_rep: human rights
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пра́во челове́ка | права́ челове́ка
sense_list:
(international law) The set of basic rights and freedoms that all humans should be guaranteed, including the right to life and liberty, freedom of thought and expression, and equality before the law.


lexentry: eng/human_shield__Noun__1
written_rep: human shield
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[живо́й]] щит | [[челове́ческий]] щит
sense_list:
(military) Civilians which a military group has deliberately placed combat targets near to deter an enemy from attacking those targets.


lexentry: eng/human_trafficking__Noun__1
written_rep: human trafficking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[торго́вля]] [[люди|людьми́]] | тра́фикинг
sense_list:
A criminal activity in which people are recruited, harboured, transported, bought, or kidnapped to serve an exploitative purpose, such as sexual slavery, forced labor, or child soldiery.


lexentry: eng/humane__Adjective__1
written_rep: humane
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гуманита́рный
sense_list:
Pertaining to branches of learning concerned with human affairs or the humanities, especially classical literature or rhetoric.


lexentry: eng/humanism__Noun__1
written_rep: humanism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гумани́зм | гуманизм
sense_list:
(historical, often capitalized) Specifically, a cultural and intellectual movement in 14th-16th century Europe characterised by attention to classical culture and a promotion of vernacular texts, notably during the Renaissance. [from 19th c.] | An ethical system that centers on humans and their values, needs, interests, abilities, dignity and freedom; especially used for a secular one which rejects theistic religion and superstition. [from 19th c.] | Humanitarianism, philanthropy.


lexentry: eng/humanitarian_corridor__Noun__1
written_rep: humanitarian corridor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гуманита́рный коридо́р
sense_list:
A type of temporary demilitarized zone intended to allow the safe transit of humanitarian aid into, and/or refugees out of, a crisis-hit region.


lexentry: eng/humanoid__Adjective__1
written_rep: humanoid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: человекоподо́бный
sense_list:
Having the appearance or characteristics of a human; being anthropomorphic under some criteria (physical, mental, genetical, ethological, ethical etc.).


lexentry: eng/humectant__Noun__1
written_rep: humectant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: увлажни́тель
sense_list:
Any substance that promotes the retention of water, especially one used to keep a food product moist.


lexentry: eng/humid__Adjective__1
written_rep: humid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вла́жный
sense_list:
Containing perceptible moisture (usually describing air or atmosphere); damp; moist; somewhat wet or watery.


lexentry: eng/humidor__Noun__1
written_rep: humidor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хьюмидо́р
sense_list:
A container designed to keep its contents at a constant humidity; especially such a box for storing cigars.


lexentry: eng/humiliation__Noun__1
written_rep: humiliation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: униже́ние
sense_list:
The act of humiliating or humbling someone; abasement of pride; mortification. | The state of being humiliated, humbled or reduced to lowliness or submission.


lexentry: eng/hummingbird_hawkmoth__Noun__1
written_rep: hummingbird hawkmoth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: языкан обыкновенный
sense_list:
Any of various sphingid moths of the genus Macroglossum, especially Macroglossum stellatarum, which, like hummingbirds, hover in front of flowers to feed.


lexentry: eng/hummus__Noun__1
written_rep: hummus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ху́мус | хумус
sense_list:
A Levantine Arab dip made of chickpea paste with various additions, such as olive oil, fresh garlic, lemon juice, and tahini, often eaten with pitta bread, or as a meze.


lexentry: eng/humorist__Noun__1
written_rep: humorist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: юмори́ст | юмори́стка
sense_list:
A humorous or witty person, especially someone skilled in humorous writing or performance. [from 17th c.] | One who studies or portrays the humours of people.


lexentry: eng/humour__Noun__1
written_rep: humour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: настрое́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) A mood, especially a bad mood; a temporary state of mind or disposition brought upon by an event; an abrupt illogical inclination or whim.


lexentry: eng/humour__Noun__1
written_rep: humour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гумор
sense_list:
(archaic, or, historical) Any of the fluids in an animal body, especially the four "cardinal humours" of blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm that were believed to control the health and mood of the human body.


lexentry: eng/humour__Noun__1
written_rep: humour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ю́мор | юмор
sense_list:
(medicine) Either of the two regions of liquid within the eyeball, the aqueous humour and vitreous humour.


lexentry: eng/hump__Noun__1
written_rep: hump
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: горб
sense_list:
A deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine. | (animals) A rounded fleshy mass, such as on a camel or zebu.


lexentry: eng/humph__Interjection__1
written_rep: humph
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гм | хм
sense_list:
(onomatopoeia) A sound, usually made with a closed mouth pouting, indicating annoyance, indignation, disapproval, doubt, or sighing.


lexentry: eng/humuhumunukunukuapuaa__Noun__1
written_rep: humuhumunukunukuapuaa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Пика́ссо прямоуго́льчатый | разрисо́ванный Пика́ссо
sense_list:
Either of two species, Rhinecanthus aculeatus and Rhinecanthus rectangulus, of triggerfishes native to the reefs of Hawaii.


lexentry: eng/humus__Noun__1
written_rep: humus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гу́мус | перегно́й
sense_list:
A large group of natural organic compounds, found in the soil, formed from the chemical and biological decomposition of plant and animal residues and from the synthetic activity of microorganisms.


lexentry: eng/hunch__Verb__1
written_rep: hunch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: го́рбиться | сгиба́ться | суту́литься
sense_list:
(transitive) To thrust a hump or protuberance out of (something); to crook, as the back. | (transitive) To push or jostle with the elbow; to push or thrust against (someone).


lexentry: eng/hundred__Noun__1
written_rep: hundred
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: со́тня
sense_list:
(historical) An administrative subdivision of southern English counties formerly reckoned as comprising 100 hides (households or families) and notionally equal to 12,000 acres.


lexentry: eng/hundredweight__Noun__1
written_rep: hundredweight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: центнер
sense_list:
(historical) Various units of ancient measurement systems consisting of 100 units usually translated as "pounds".


lexentry: eng/hung__Adjective__1
written_rep: hung
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: косный
sense_list:
(computing, colloquial) Of a computer or similar device, receiving power but not functioning as desired; working very slowly or not at all. The condition is often corrected by rebooting the computer.


lexentry: eng/hung_jury__Noun__1
written_rep: hung jury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[прися́жные]], несумевшие прийти к единому [[реше́нию]]
sense_list:
(legal) A jury in a legal trial that is unable to reach or come to a verdict because the jurors cannot agree on a decision.


lexentry: eng/hunger__Verb__1
written_rep: hunger
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: алкать | жа́ждать
sense_list:
(figuratively, intransitive, usually, _, with 'for' or 'after') To have a desire (for); to long; to yearn.


lexentry: eng/hungry_ghost__Noun__1
written_rep: hungry ghost
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преты
sense_list:
(Buddhism, Chinese folk religion) A type of supernatural being, condemned to desire more than it can consume; often depicted with large belly and tiny mouth.


lexentry: eng/hunter-gatherer__Noun__1
written_rep: hunter-gatherer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: охо́тник-собира́тель
sense_list:
A member of a group of people who live by hunting animals and gathering edible plants for their main food sources, and who do not keep animals or farm land.


lexentry: eng/hunting__Noun__1
written_rep: hunting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: охо́та
sense_list:
The act of finding and killing a wild animal, either for sport or with the intention of using its parts to make food, clothes, etc.


lexentry: eng/hunting_knife__Noun__1
written_rep: hunting knife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: охо́тничий нож
sense_list:
A knife optimized for use in hunting animals, usually with a substantial belly and sometimes with a back edge that is partially serrated#Adjective for sawing#Noun; fixed-blade and folding versions are both popular, and tasks such as field dressing, skinning#Noun, and bushcraft are anticipated.


lexentry: eng/hurdle__Noun__1
written_rep: hurdle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барье́р | препя́тствие
sense_list:
(athletics, horses) An artificial barrier, variously constructed, over which athletes or horses jump in a race.


lexentry: eng/hurdle__Noun__1
written_rep: hurdle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: плете́нь
sense_list:
A movable frame of wattled twigs, osiers, or withes and stakes, or sometimes of iron, used for enclosing land, for folding sheep and cattle, for gates, etc.; also, in fortification, used as revetments, and for other purposes.


lexentry: eng/hurdy-gurdy__Noun__1
written_rep: hurdy-gurdy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колёсная ли́ра
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A stringed instrument that produces a droning sound by turning a handle that connects to a wheel that rubs against a rosined string, with a keyboard also used to alter the pitch of the string.


lexentry: eng/hurricane__Noun__1
written_rep: hurricane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: урага́н | ураган
sense_list:
A severe tropical cyclone in the North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, or in the eastern North Pacific off the west coast of Mexico, with winds of 119 km/h (74 miles per hour) or greater accompanied by rain, lightning, and thunder that sometimes moves into temperate latitudes. | (meteorology) A wind scale for quite strong wind, stronger than a storm.


lexentry: eng/hurt_a_fly__Verb__1
written_rep: hurt a fly
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: му́хи не оби́дит
sense_list:
(idiomatic, chiefly in the negative, chiefly with a conditional) To hurt or damage something even a little.


lexentry: eng/hurtle__Verb__1
written_rep: hurtle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: донести́сь | мча́ться | нести́сь | пронести́сь | снести́сь
sense_list:
To cause (someone or something) to collide with or hit another person or thing; or (two people or things) to collide with or hit each other.


lexentry: eng/husband_and_wife__Noun__1
written_rep: husband and wife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: муж и жена́ | супру́ги
sense_list:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see husband,‎ and,‎ wife. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/husbandry__Noun__1
written_rep: husbandry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: земледе́лие | се́льское хозя́йство
sense_list:
The occupation or work of a husbandman or farmer; the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock; agriculture.


lexentry: eng/husk__Noun__1
written_rep: husk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́рка | кожура́ | скорлупа́ | шелуха́
sense_list:
The dry, leafy or stringy exterior of certain vegetables or fruits, which must be removed before eating the meat inside.


lexentry: eng/hustle__Noun__1
written_rep: hustle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: хасл
sense_list:
(preceded by definite article) A type of disco dance, commonly danced to the Van McCoy song The Hustle.


lexentry: eng/hut__Noun__1
written_rep: hut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хи́жина
sense_list:
A small, simple one-storey dwelling or shelter, often with just one room, and generally built of readily available local materials.


lexentry: eng/hutong__Noun__1
written_rep: hutong
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хуту́н
sense_list:
A narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a city in China, especially Beijing. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/hyacinth_bean__Noun__1
written_rep: hyacinth bean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиаци́нтовые бобы́ | ло́бия
sense_list:
A climbing leguminous plant (Lablab purpureus), with white or dark purple flowers, native to Africa, widely cultivated in the tropics.


lexentry: eng/hyaluronic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: hyaluronic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиалуро́новая кислота́
sense_list:
(organic compound, biochemistry) A mucopolysaccharide (a kind of polymer) that forms a gel-like substance within animal connective tissue.


lexentry: eng/hybrid__Noun__1
written_rep: hybrid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гибри́д | по́месь
sense_list:
(biology) Offspring resulting from cross-breeding different entities, e.g. two different species or two purebred parent strains. | Something of mixed origin or composition; often, a tool or technology that combines the benefits of formerly separate tools or technologies.


lexentry: eng/hybrid_war__Noun__1
written_rep: hybrid war
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гибри́дная война́
sense_list:
A war that comprises the use of conventional and non-conventional means by at least one side, which officially undeclares or denies involvement


lexentry: eng/hybrid_warfare__Noun__1
written_rep: hybrid warfare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гибри́дная война́
sense_list:
a military strategy that blends conventional warfare and irregular warfare across the full spectrum of conflict.


lexentry: eng/hydra__Noun__1
written_rep: hydra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ги́дра
sense_list:
Any of several small freshwater polyps of the genus Hydra and related genera, having a naked cylindrical body and an oral opening surrounded by tentacles.


lexentry: eng/hydraulic_engineering__Noun__1
written_rep: hydraulic engineering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидротехника
sense_list:
A sub-discipline of civil engineering concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water and sewage.


lexentry: eng/hydraulic_fracturing__Noun__1
written_rep: hydraulic fracturing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидравли́ческий разры́в пласта́
sense_list:
(oil drilling) A technique in which a mixture of water and sand is forced down an oil well (or similar) in order to create fractures in the oil-bearing rock and thus release more oil.


lexentry: eng/hydraulics__Noun__1
written_rep: hydraulics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидра́влика | гидравлика
sense_list:
The engineering science that deals with practical applications where liquid is in motion and transmits energy.


lexentry: eng/hydrazine__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrazine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрази́н
sense_list:
(inorganic compound, uncountable) A corrosive, fuming liquid, NH2-NH2, used as a rocket fuel. | (organic compound, countable) Any member of the class of organic compounds formally derived from NH2-NH2.


lexentry: eng/hydrobromic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrobromic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бромистоводоро́дная кислота́
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A solution of hydrogen bromide, HBr, in water; it is a strong acid, used in the production of bromine compounds.


lexentry: eng/hydrocephalus__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrocephalus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водя́нка головно́го мо́зга | гидроцефа́лия
sense_list:
(medicine) A usually congenital condition in which an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the cerebral ventricles causes enlargement of the skull and compression of the brain, destroying much of the neural tissue


lexentry: eng/hydrochloric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrochloric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соля́ная кислота́ | хлороводоро́дная кислота́
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A strong acid made by dissolving the gas hydrogen chloride in water. It reacts with alkalis, bases and many metals to form chlorides; it has many industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/hydroelectric__Adjective__1
written_rep: hydroelectric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроэлектри́ческий
sense_list:
that generates electricity by converting the energy of moving water, or of steam escaping under high pressure | of or relating to the electricity so produced


lexentry: eng/hydrofining__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrofining
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроочи́стка
sense_list:
(chemistry) A chemical engineering process in which hydrocarbons are hydrogenated and desulfurized catalytically as part of oil refining


lexentry: eng/hydrofluoric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrofluoric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пла́виковая кислота́ | фтористоводоро́дная кислота́
sense_list:
(chemistry) A solution of hydrogen fluoride, HF, in water; it is a weak but very corrosive acid, used in the production of fluorine compounds, and in metallurgy.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_bomb__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen bomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водоро́дная бо́мба
sense_list:
A thermonuclear bomb that derives its destructive power from the fusion of isotopes of hydrogen (deuterium and tritium).


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_chloride__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen chloride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлороводород
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) An inorganic compound with the formula HCl. Forms hydrochloric acid when dissolved in water.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_peroxide__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen peroxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́рекись водоро́да | пероксид водорода
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A colourless liquid, H2O2, soluble in water, used as a mild antiseptic, bleaching agent (especially for bleaching hair), oxidizing agent and chemical reagent.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_sulfide__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen sulfide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сероводоро́д | сульфи́д водоро́да
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A toxic gas, H2S, smelling like rotten eggs and used in analytical chemistry and industry.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водородный тра́нспорт
sense_list:
Any vehicle that uses hydrogen as its principal fuel, normally via the electricity produced by a fuel cell.


lexentry: eng/hydrogenate__Verb__1
written_rep: hydrogenate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидри́ровать
sense_list:
(chemistry, transitive) to treat something, or react something, with hydrogen; especially to react an unsaturated fat with hydrogen, in the presence of a nickel catalyst, to produce a harder saturated fat


lexentry: eng/hydrogeology__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogeology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрогеология
sense_list:
The geology of groundwater, especially concerning the physical, biological and chemical properties of its occurrence and movement.


lexentry: eng/hydrography__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрогра́фия | гидрография
sense_list:
(nautical) The scientific measurement and description of the physical features and conditions of navigable waters and the shoreline.


lexentry: eng/hydrology__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроло́гия | гидрология
sense_list:
The science of the properties, distribution, and effects of water on a planet's surface, in the soil and underlying rocks, and in the atmosphere


lexentry: eng/hydrolysis__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrolysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидролиз
sense_list:
(chemistry) A chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water.


lexentry: eng/hydrometallurgy__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrometallurgy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гѝдрометаллурги́я
sense_list:
The field of extractive metallurgy involving the use of aqueous chemistry for the recovery of metals from ores, concentrates, and recycled or residual materials.


lexentry: eng/hydrometry__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроме́трия
sense_list:
(physics) The branch of hydrostatics dealing with the measurement of specific gravity using hydrometers


lexentry: eng/hydrophilic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hydrophilic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрофи́льный
sense_list:
(physics, chemistry) Having an affinity for water; able to absorb, or be wetted by water; water-loving.


lexentry: eng/hydroplane__Verb__1
written_rep: hydroplane
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: катиться
sense_list:
To skim the surface of a body of water while moving at high speed. | (automotive, UK) For a car or similar vehicle to slide along the road on a thin film of water between the road and the tyres. This occurs when a car has some speed and comes to somewhere with more water on the road than the weight of the car and the grooves in the tyre tread pattern (if any) can push away. The result is almost no traction at all for steering or braking.


lexentry: eng/hydrotherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrotherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидротерапи́я | водолече́ние
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) Any of various techniques that use water, either externally or internally, for the treatment of disease and for the soothing of pain.


lexentry: eng/hydroxychloroquine__Noun__1
written_rep: hydroxychloroquine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроксихлорохин
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug derived from quinolone that is taken orally in the form of its sulfate C18H26ClN3O·H2SO4 to treat malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus.


lexentry: eng/hydroxyl__Noun__1
written_rep: hydroxyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрокси́л
sense_list:
(chemistry) A univalent radical or functional group (–OH) in organic chemistry; present in alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and certain other classes of compounds.


lexentry: eng/hydrozoan__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrozoan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрозо́й
sense_list:
Any of many colonial coelenterates, of the class Hydrozoa, including the hydras, hydroids, hydrocorals, and siphonophores.


lexentry: eng/hyena__Noun__1
written_rep: hyena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гие́на | гиена
sense_list:
Any of the medium-sized to large feliform carnivores of the subfamily Hyaenidae, native to Africa and Asia and noted for the sound similar to laughter which they can make if excited. | (Sub-Saharan Africa) A man that performs ritualized sex acts with recently widowed women and menarchal girls.


lexentry: eng/hygrometer__Noun__1
written_rep: hygrometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гигро́метр | влагоме́р
sense_list:
(meteorology) An instrument that measures the humidity of the air or other gases, especially the relative humidity.


lexentry: eng/hylomorphism__Noun__1
written_rep: hylomorphism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гилеморфизм
sense_list:
(philosophy) The doctrine that every physical substance is the sum of its component matter and the form taken by that matter.


lexentry: eng/hylozoism__Noun__1
written_rep: hylozoism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гилозои́зм
sense_list:
A philosophical doctrine espousing that all or some material things possess life, or that all life is inseparable from matter.


lexentry: eng/hypallage__Noun__1
written_rep: hypallage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипалла́га
sense_list:
(rhetoric, grammar) A construction in which a modifier with meaning associated with one word appears grammatically applied to another, often used as a literary device.


lexentry: eng/hyperbaton__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbaton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипербатон
sense_list:
(grammar) An inversion of the usual or logical order of words or phrases, for emphasis or poetic effect.


lexentry: eng/hyperbola__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbola
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипе́рбола | гипербола
sense_list:
(geometry) A conic section formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane that intersects the base of the cone and is not tangent to the cone. The function y(x) = 1/x draws a hyperbola.


lexentry: eng/hyperbole__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипе́рбола | преувеличе́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable, rhetoric, literature) Deliberate or unintentional overstatement, particularly extreme overstatement.


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic__Adjective__2
written_rep: hyperbolic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: гиперболический
sense_list:
(topology) Of, pertaining to, or in a hyperbolic space (a space having negative curvature or sectional curvature).


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic_cosine__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbolic cosine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперболи́ческий ко́синус
sense_list:
(mathematics) a hyperbolic function that is written in symbol cosh and defined as the following: \cosh(x) = \tfrac 1 2 (e^x + e^{-x})


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic_sine__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbolic sine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперболи́ческий си́нус
sense_list:
(mathematics) A hyperbolic function that is the analogue of the sine function for hyperbolic spaces, taking in a hyperbolic angle as an argument and returning the y-coordinate for the corresponding point on the unit hyperbola. It is written in symbol sinh and can be represented as: \sinh(x) = \tfrac 1 2 (e^x - e^{-x})


lexentry: eng/hyperborean__Adjective__1
written_rep: hyperborean
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперборейский
sense_list:
Pertaining to the extreme north of the earth, or (usually jocular) to a specific northern country or area.


lexentry: eng/hypercorrection__Noun__1
written_rep: hypercorrection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперкорре́ктность | гиперкорре́кция
sense_list:
(linguistics) Nonstandard language use that results from the over-application of a perceived prescriptive rule.


lexentry: eng/hypercube__Noun__1
written_rep: hypercube
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперку́б | тессера́кт
sense_list:
(geometry) A geometric figure in four or more dimensions, which is analogous to a cube in three dimensions. Specifically, the n-dimensional equivalent of a cube for any non-negative integer n. | (geometry) Such a figure in four dimensions; a tesseract.


lexentry: eng/hyperextension__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperextension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гиперэксте́нзия
sense_list:
An exercise performed by lying on the stomach, ideally inclined upwards as on a Roman chair to reach a higher range of motion, and raising and lowering the upper torso.


lexentry: eng/hypergeometric_distribution__Noun__1
written_rep: hypergeometric distribution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипергеометри́ческое распределе́ние
sense_list:
(probability theory, statistics) A discrete probability distribution that describes the probability of k "successes" in a sequence of n draws without replacement from a finite population.


lexentry: eng/hyperhidrosis__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperhidrosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипергидро́з
sense_list:
(pathology) A medical condition with the primary symptom of excessive sweating, in excess of that required for regulation of body temperature.


lexentry: eng/hyperkinetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hyperkinetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперкинетический
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) Of, relating to, or affected with hyperkinesis or hyperactivity.


lexentry: eng/hyperkinetic_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperkinetic disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперкинези́я | гиперкинетическое расстройство
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) A developmental disorder in which a person has a persistent and pervasive pattern of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.


lexentry: eng/hypernym__Noun__1
written_rep: hypernym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперо́ним | гипероним
sense_list:
(semantics) A superordinate word or phrase; a term whose referents form a set which includes as a subset the referents of a subordinate term—as, for example, insect being (a hypernym) for ant.


lexentry: eng/hyperon__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперо́н
sense_list:
(physics) Any baryon (a three-quark particle) with a non-zero strangeness (i.e., whose composition includes one or more strange or anti-strange quarks).


lexentry: eng/hyperplane__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperplane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперпло́скость
sense_list:
(geometry) An n-dimensional generalization of a plane; an affine subspace of dimension n − 1 that splits an n-dimensional space. (In a one-dimensional space, it is a point; in two-dimensional space it is a line; in three-dimensional space, it is an ordinary plane.)


lexentry: eng/hypersexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: hypersexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперсексуа́льность
sense_list:
Excessive desire for sexual activity, especially when considered high enough to be clinically significant.


lexentry: eng/hypersonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hypersonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперзвуково́й
sense_list:
(of a speed, aviation) Equal to, or greater than, or capable of achieving, five times the speed of sound.


lexentry: eng/hyperspace__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperspace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гиперпростра́нство
sense_list:
(science fiction) A notional space orthogonal to the usual dimensions of space-time often used for faster-than-light travel.


lexentry: eng/hypertext__Noun__1
written_rep: hypertext
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперте́кст | гипертекст
sense_list:
(uncountable) Digital text in which the reader may navigate related information through embedded hyperlinks.


lexentry: eng/hyperthymesia__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperthymesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипертимезия
sense_list:
(neuroscience) A rare condition in which an individual possesses a superior autobiographical memory and is able to recall the vast majority of personal events and experiences in life.


lexentry: eng/hyperthymia__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperthymia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипертими́я
sense_list:
A personality type characterized by an excessively positive disposition similar to, but more stable than hypomania. This temperament generally describes a person with high energy and enthusiasm for life activities, as opposed to dysthymia.


lexentry: eng/hyperthyroidism__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperthyroidism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипертирео́з
sense_list:
(medicine) The excessive production of hormones by the thyroid. | (pathology) The pathological condition resulting from these excess hormones.


lexentry: eng/hypertrophy__Noun__1
written_rep: hypertrophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипертрофи́я | гипертрофия
sense_list:
(countable, medicine) An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells.


lexentry: eng/hyphen__Noun__1
written_rep: hyphen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дефи́с | чёрточка | дефис
sense_list:
The symbol "‐", typically used to join two or more words to form a compound term, or to indicate that a word has been split at the end of a line.


lexentry: eng/hyphenation__Noun__1
written_rep: hyphenation
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: The inclusion of hyphens; especially, the correct locations of hyphens.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[разби́вка]] по [[слог|слога́м]] | [[расстано́вка]] [[перенос|перено́сов]] | перено́с | слогоделе́ние


lexentry: eng/hypnagogic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hypnagogic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гипнагогический
sense_list:
That accompanies falling asleep; especially, pertaining to the semi-conscious period immediately preceding sleep.


lexentry: eng/hypnosis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypnosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипно́з | гипноз
sense_list:
A trancelike state, artificially induced, in which a person has a heightened suggestibility, and in which suppressed memories may be experienced.


lexentry: eng/hypocaust__Noun__1
written_rep: hypocaust
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипока́уст
sense_list:
An underfloor space or flue through which heat from a furnace passes to heat the floor of a room or a bath.


lexentry: eng/hypochondria__Noun__1
written_rep: hypochondria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ипохо́ндрия
sense_list:
(medicine) A psychological disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.


lexentry: eng/hypochondriasis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypochondriasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ипохо́ндрия
sense_list:
(medicine) A mental disorder characterized by excessive fear of or preoccupation with a serious illness, despite medical testing and reassurance to the contrary.


lexentry: eng/hypocrisy__Noun__1
written_rep: hypocrisy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: лицеме́рие | двули́чие | ха́нжество | лицемерие
sense_list:
The practice of engaging in the same behaviour or activity for which one criticises another; moral self-contradiction whereby the behavior of one or more people belies their own claimed or implied possession of certain beliefs, standards or virtues.


lexentry: eng/hypocrite__Noun__1
written_rep: hypocrite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лицеме́р | ханжа́
sense_list:
Someone who practices hypocrisy, who pretends to hold beliefs, or whose actions are not consistent with their claimed beliefs. [from early 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/hypocycloid__Noun__1
written_rep: hypocycloid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипоцикло́ида
sense_list:
(geometry) The locus of a point on the circumference of a circle that rolls without slipping inside the circumference of another circle.


lexentry: eng/hypoglossal_nerve__Noun__1
written_rep: hypoglossal nerve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подъязычный нерв
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) Either of the 12th and final pair of cranial nerves which are motor nerves arising from the medulla oblongata and supplying muscles of the tongue in higher vertebrates.


lexentry: eng/hyponym__Noun__1
written_rep: hyponym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипо́ним | гипоним
sense_list:
(semantics) A more specific term; a subordinate grouping word or phrase; a term designating a subclass of another more general class described by the given word.


lexentry: eng/hypopituitarism__Noun__1
written_rep: hypopituitarism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипопитуитаризм
sense_list:
(medicine) A decrease in secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland.


lexentry: eng/hypospadias__Noun__1
written_rep: hypospadias
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипоспадия
sense_list:
(anatomy) A congenital condition in males in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis.


lexentry: eng/hypostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипоста́з
sense_list:
(medicine, now, historical) A sedimentary deposit, especially in urine. [from 14th c.] | (genetics) The effect of one gene preventing another from expressing. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/hypostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ипоста́сь
sense_list:
(theology) The essential person, specifically the single person of Christ (as distinguished from his two ‘natures’, human and divine), or of the three ‘persons’ of the Trinity (sharing a single ‘essence’). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/hypostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гипо́стасис
sense_list:
(psychology) Referring to the hypostatic model of personality; i.e., asserting that humans present themselves in many different aspects or hypostases, depending on the internal and external realities they relate to, including different approaches to the study of personality.


lexentry: eng/hypothalamus__Noun__1
written_rep: hypothalamus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипотала́мус | гипоталамус
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) A region of the forebrain located below the thalamus, forming the basal portion of the diencephalon, and functioning to regulate body temperature, some metabolic processes and governing the autonomic nervous system.


lexentry: eng/hypothesis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypothesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипо́теза | предположе́ние | гипотеза
sense_list:
(sciences) Used loosely, a tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem that can be tested by further observation, investigation and/or experimentation. As a scientific term of art, see the attached quotation. Compare to theory, and quotation given there.


lexentry: eng/hypothetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hypothetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипотетический
sense_list:
based on hypothesis or theory; hypothetical | existing as an abstract concept rather than a concrete reality


lexentry: eng/hypothyroidism__Noun__1
written_rep: hypothyroidism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипотирео́з
sense_list:
(pathology) The disease state caused by insufficient production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. [from 1900s]


lexentry: eng/hypotrochoid__Noun__1
written_rep: hypotrochoid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипотрохоида
sense_list:
(geometry) A geometric curve traced by a fixed point on the radius line outside one circle which rotates inside the perimeter of another circle.


lexentry: eng/hypoxemia__Noun__1
written_rep: hypoxemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипоксемия
sense_list:
(medicine) An abnormal deficiency in the concentration of oxygen in the blood, be it the partial pressure of oxygen (mm Hg), the content of oxygen (ml oxygen per dl of blood) or the per cent saturation of the blood's hemoglobin, singly or in combination.


lexentry: eng/hypoxia__Noun__1
written_rep: hypoxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипокси́я
sense_list:
(pathology) A condition in which tissues (especially the blood) are deprived of an adequate supply of oxygen; anoxia [from 1940s]


lexentry: eng/hyrax__Noun__1
written_rep: hyrax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дама́н | жиря́к
sense_list:
Any of several small, paenungulate herbivorous mammals of the order Hyracoidea, with a bulky frame and fang-like incisors, native to Africa and the Middle East.


lexentry: eng/hyssop__Noun__1
written_rep: hyssop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иссо́п | иссоп
sense_list:
Any of several aromatic bushy herbs, of the genus Hyssopus, native to Southern Europe and once used medicinally.


lexentry: eng/hysteresis__Noun__1
written_rep: hysteresis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гистере́зис
sense_list:
A property of a system such that an output value is not a strict function of the corresponding input, but also incorporates some lag, delay, or history dependence, and in particular when the response for a decrease in the input variable is different from the response for an increase. For example, a thermostat with a nominal setpoint of 75° might switch the controlled heat source on when the temperature drops below 74°, and off when it rises above 76°.


lexentry: eng/hysteria__Noun__1
written_rep: hysteria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: истери́я | истерия
sense_list:
Behavior exhibiting excessive or uncontrollable emotions, in a wide range from joy to panic but usually including anxiety or fear.


lexentry: eng/hysteria__Noun__1
written_rep: hysteria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: истери́я
sense_list:
(medicine, nosologically dated) A mental disorder characterized by emotional excitability etc. without an organic cause.


lexentry: eng/háček__Noun__1
written_rep: háček
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: га́чек | га́чка
sense_list:
(orthography, and, typography) A caron; a diacritical mark (ˇ) usually resembling an inverted circumflex, but in the cases of ď, Ľ, ľ, and ť resembling a prime (′) instead.


lexentry: eng/iPhone__Noun__1
written_rep: iPhone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: айфо́н
sense_list:
(trademark) A smartphone of a series produced by Apple, which typically combine a camera phone, PDA, multimedia player, and wireless communication device.


lexentry: eng/iamb__Noun__1
written_rep: iamb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ямб
sense_list:
(prosody) A metrical foot in verse consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.


lexentry: eng/iambic__Adjective__1
written_rep: iambic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ямби́ческий
sense_list:
(prosody) Consisting of iambs (metrical feet with an unstressed-stressed pattern) or characterized by their predominance. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/iatrogenic__Adjective__1
written_rep: iatrogenic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ятроге́нный
sense_list:
(medicine, of a disease, injury, or other adverse outcome) Induced by the words or actions of the physician or by medical treatment or diagnostic procedure.


lexentry: eng/ibid.__Adverb__1
written_rep: ibid.
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: там же
sense_list:
(bibliography, abbreviation) ibidem, in the same place. Indicates a reference to the same source as the previous one.


lexentry: eng/ibis__Noun__1
written_rep: ibis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́бис | ибис
sense_list:
Any of various long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae, having long downcurved bills used to probe the mud for prey such as crustaceans.


lexentry: eng/ibisbill__Noun__1
written_rep: ibisbill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: серпоклю́в
sense_list:
Ibidorhyncha struthersii, a species of wading bird in the monotypic family Ibidorhynchidae, inhabiting the shingle riverbanks of the high plateau of Central Asia and the Himalayas.


lexentry: eng/ibrik__Noun__1
written_rep: ibrik
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дже́зва
sense_list:
A long-spouted pitcher, typically made of brass. Occasionally confused with a Turkish coffee pot, which is properly called "jezve".


lexentry: eng/ice__Verb__1
written_rep: ice
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: глазирова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To cover with icing (frosting made of sugar and milk or white of egg); to frost; as cakes, tarts, etc.


lexentry: eng/ice_age__Noun__1
written_rep: ice age
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: леднико́вый пери́од | ледниковый период
sense_list:
(colloquial) Any of several glacial periods (within a scientific ice age) marked by episodes of extensive glaciation alternating with episodes of relative warmth (interglacial).


lexentry: eng/ice_cap__Noun__1
written_rep: ice cap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: леднико́вый по́кров | ледяна́я ша́пка
sense_list:
A permanent expanse of ice encompassing a large geographical area, as for example in Earth's polar zones (polar ice) or at high elevation. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/ice_core__Noun__1
written_rep: ice core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ледяно́й керн
sense_list:
A core sample removed from an ice sheet, most commonly from the polar ice caps of Antarctica, Greenland or from high mountain glaciers elsewhere, the properties of which can be used to reconstruct a climatic record of a given area.


lexentry: eng/ice_cream__Noun__1
written_rep: ice cream
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моро́женое | мороженое
sense_list:
(uncountable) A dessert made from frozen sweetened cream or a similar substance, usually flavoured. | (countable) A portion of ice cream on a stick, in a cup or in a wafer cone.


lexentry: eng/ice_cream_cone__Noun__1
written_rep: ice cream cone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рожок
sense_list:
A thin, conical confection baked from crepe batter, sealed at its apex, used to hold ice cream while it is being eaten. | An ice cream cone filled with ice cream.


lexentry: eng/ice_hole__Noun__1
written_rep: ice hole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: про́рубь
sense_list:
A hole in the ice of a frozen body of water, often man-made with the scope of fishing. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/ice_pack__Noun__1
written_rep: ice pack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: аккумулятор холода
sense_list:
A plastic sac of silicone that can be cooled in a freezer and then used in a cool bag, cool box or cooler; a freezer block


lexentry: eng/ice_rink__Noun__1
written_rep: ice rink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: като́к
sense_list:
A specially frozen surface of water on which people skate or play ice hockey; the building that houses such a surface.


lexentry: eng/ice_road__Noun__1
written_rep: ice road
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зи́мник
sense_list:
A type of winter road, built on frozen terrain and frozen bodies of water, with a road surface built from ice, typically reinforced by freezing applied water onto the top.


lexentry: eng/ice_shelf__Noun__1
written_rep: ice shelf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шельфовые ледники
sense_list:
A thick, floating platform of ice that forms where a glacier or ice sheet flows down to a coastline and onto the ocean surface. Ice shelves are found in Antarctica, Greenland, and Canada only.


lexentry: eng/ice_wine__Noun__1
written_rep: ice wine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ледяно́е вино́
sense_list:
A sweet dessert wine made from grapes that are harvested after they have naturally frozen on the vine.


lexentry: eng/iceberg__Noun__1
written_rep: iceberg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́йсберг | айсберг
sense_list:
A huge mass of ocean-floating ice which has broken off a glacier or ice shelf [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/icebox__Noun__1
written_rep: icebox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: морози́лка
sense_list:
(UK) A compartment in a refrigerator that is colder than the rest of the refrigerator and is used as a freezer.


lexentry: eng/icebreaker__Noun__1
written_rep: icebreaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ледоко́л | ледокол
sense_list:
A ship designed to break through ice so that it, or other ships coming behind, can navigate on frozen seas.


lexentry: eng/ichor__Noun__1
written_rep: ichor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ихор
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) The liquid said to flow in place of blood in the veins of the gods. [from late 17th c.] | (pathology, obsolete) A fetid, watery discharge from a sore; pus.


lexentry: eng/ichthyosaur__Noun__1
written_rep: ichthyosaur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ихтиоза́вр
sense_list:
Any of several fishlike marine reptiles of the extinct order †Ichthyosauria of the early Triassic to the late Cretaceous period, that had a body somewhat like a porpoise. [from c. 1830]


lexentry: eng/icing__Noun__1
written_rep: icing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глазу́рь
sense_list:
(cooking) A sweet, often creamy and thick glaze made primarily of sugar, often enriched with ingredients like butter, egg whites, or flavorings, typically used for baked goods.


lexentry: eng/icing_on_the_cake__Noun__1
written_rep: icing on the cake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ви́шенка на то́рте
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something that intensifies the appreciation of something already good (or bad in an ironic sense depending on the context).


lexentry: eng/icon__Noun__1
written_rep: icon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изображе́ние | о́браз | икона
sense_list:
An image, symbol, picture, portrait, or other representation usually as an object of religious devotion. | (internet, informal) An image used to represent a user; an avatar or profile picture.


lexentry: eng/icon__Noun__1
written_rep: icon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ико́на | икона
sense_list:
(religion, especially, Eastern Christianity) A type of religious painting portraying a saint or scene from Scripture, often done on wooden panels.


lexentry: eng/iconoclasm__Noun__1
written_rep: iconoclasm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иконоборчество | иконоклазм
sense_list:
The belief in, participation in, or sanction of destroying religious icons and other symbols or monuments, usually with religious or political motives.


lexentry: eng/iconoclast__Noun__1
written_rep: iconoclast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иконобо́рец
sense_list:
(historical, Christianity) One who destroys religious images or icons, especially an opponent of the Orthodox Church in the 8th and 9th centuries, or a Puritan during the European Reformation. | One who opposes orthodoxy and religion; one who adheres to the doctrine of iconoclasm. | (by extension) One who attacks cherished beliefs; a maverick.


lexentry: eng/iconoclastic__Adjective__1
written_rep: iconoclastic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́рзкий | иконобо́рческий | мяте́жный
sense_list:
Characterized by attack on established and accepted beliefs, customs, or institutions; of or pertaining to iconoclasm.


lexentry: eng/iconography__Noun__1
written_rep: iconography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иконография
sense_list:
A set of specified or traditional symbolic forms associated with the subject or theme of a stylized genre of art.


lexentry: eng/iconostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: iconostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иконоста́с | иконостас
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodoxy) A wall of icons between the sanctuary and the nave in an Eastern Orthodox church.


lexentry: eng/icositetrachoron__Noun__1
written_rep: icositetrachoron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двадцатичетырёхъячейник
sense_list:
(mathematics) A four-dimensional object with no regular three-dimensional analogue, constructed out of twenty-four octahedra.


lexentry: eng/id__Noun__1
written_rep: id
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ид
sense_list:
(psychoanalysis) The unconscious impulsive component of the personality in the Freudian psychoanalytic model.


lexentry: eng/ide__Noun__1
written_rep: ide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: язь
sense_list:
A freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae, found across northern Europe and Asia, especially Leuciscus idus. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/idea__Noun__1
written_rep: idea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иде́я
sense_list:
(philosophy) An abstract archetype of a given thing, compared to which real-life examples are seen as imperfect approximations; pure essence, as opposed to actual examples. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/idea__Noun__1
written_rep: idea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: поня́тие | представле́ние
sense_list:
More generally, any result of mental activity; a thought, a notion; a way of thinking. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/idea__Noun__1
written_rep: idea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: за́мысел | иде́я | план
sense_list:
A conception in the mind of something to be done; a plan for doing something, an intention. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/ideal__Noun__1
written_rep: ideal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеа́л | идеал
sense_list:
A perfect standard of beauty, intellect etc., or a standard of excellence to aim at. | (algebra, ring theory) A subring closed under multiplication by its containing ring.


lexentry: eng/ideal__Noun__1
written_rep: ideal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: идеа́л
sense_list:
(algebra, order theory, lattice theory) A non-empty lower set (of a partially ordered set) which is closed under binary suprema (a.k.a. joins).


lexentry: eng/ideal_gas__Noun__1
written_rep: ideal gas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеа́льный газ
sense_list:
(physics) a hypothetical gas, whose molecules exhibit no interaction, and undergo elastic collision with each other and with the walls of the container


lexentry: eng/idealism__Noun__1
written_rep: idealism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеали́зм | идеализм
sense_list:
The property of a person of having high ideals that are usually unrealizable or at odds with practical life. | (philosophy) An approach to philosophical enquiry, which asserts that direct and immediate knowledge can only be had of ideas or mental pictures.


lexentry: eng/idealist__Noun__1
written_rep: idealist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеали́ст | идеали́стка
sense_list:
(philosophy) One who adheres to idealism. | Someone whose conduct stems from idealism rather than from practicality. | An unrealistic or impractical visionary.


lexentry: eng/idempotence__Noun__1
written_rep: idempotence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идемпоте́нтность
sense_list:
(mathematics, computing) A quality of an action such that repetitions of the action have no further effect on outcome – being idempotent.


lexentry: eng/idempotent__Adjective__1
written_rep: idempotent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идемпоте́нтный
sense_list:
(mathematics, computing) (said of a function) Such that, when performed multiple times on the same subject, it has no further effect on its subject after the first time it is performed.


lexentry: eng/identical__Adjective__1
written_rep: identical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иденти́чный | одина́ковый
sense_list:
(not comparable) Bearing full likeness by having precisely the same set of characteristics; indistinguishable.


lexentry: eng/identical__Adjective__1
written_rep: identical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иденти́чный | тожде́ственный | тот же са́мый
sense_list:
(not comparable) Not different or other; not another or others; not different as regards self; selfsame; numerically identical.


lexentry: eng/identification__Noun__1
written_rep: identification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: идентифика́ция | опозна́ние | опознава́ние | отождествле́ние | распознава́ние
sense_list:
(broadly, often) The combination of identifying (which one, which thing) and validating the identity (proving or confirming it); identifying and authenticating viewed as a unitary concept in cognition.


lexentry: eng/identifier__Noun__1
written_rep: identifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: идентифика́тор
sense_list:
(programming, operating systems) A formal name used in source code to refer to a variable, function, procedure, package, etc. or in an operating system to refer to a process, user, group, etc.


lexentry: eng/identikit__Noun__1
written_rep: identikit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фоторо́бот
sense_list:
A picture of a person, reconstructed from strips showing facial features selected to match witnesses' descriptions; used by the police to build a likeness of a person sought for a crime.


lexentry: eng/identity__Noun__1
written_rep: identity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иденти́чность | индивидуа́льность | ли́чность | ли́чные да́нные | тожде́ственность
sense_list:
The difference or character that marks off an individual or collective from the rest of the same kind; selfhood; the sense of who something or someone or oneself is, or the recurring characteristics that enable the recognition of such an individual or group by others or themselves.


lexentry: eng/identity_element__Noun__1
written_rep: identity element
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: то́ждество | тожде́ственность
sense_list:
(algebra) An element of an algebraic structure which when applied, in either order, to any other element via a binary operation yields the other element.


lexentry: eng/identity_function__Noun__1
written_rep: identity function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[тождественный|тожде́ственное]] [[отображе́ние]]
sense_list:
(mathematics) A function whose value is always the same as its independent variable, and for which the codomain equals the domain.


lexentry: eng/identity_theft__Noun__1
written_rep: identity theft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: похище́ние тождественности
sense_list:
(law, criminology) The deliberate assumption of another person's identity, usually to gain access to that person's finances or to frame a person for a crime.


lexentry: eng/ideogram__Noun__1
written_rep: ideogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеогра́мма | идеограмма
sense_list:
A picture or symbol which represents the idea of something without indicating the sequence of sounds used to pronounce it. Examples include digits, traffic signs, and graphic symbols such as @.


lexentry: eng/ideological__Adjective__1
written_rep: ideological
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеологи́ческий
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to an ideology. | Based on an ideology or misleading studies or statistics, especially based on the media or propaganda. Not based on scientific evidence or reality.


lexentry: eng/ideology__Noun__1
written_rep: ideology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеоло́гия | мировоззре́ние | идеология
sense_list:
Doctrine, philosophy, body of beliefs or principles belonging to an individual or group. | (uncountable) The study of the origin and nature of ideas.


lexentry: eng/ideophone__Noun__1
written_rep: ideophone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеофо́н
sense_list:
A word that utilizes sound symbolism to express aspects of events that can be experienced by the senses, like smell, color, shape, sound, action, or movement.


lexentry: eng/ides__Noun__1
written_rep: ides
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иды
sense_list:
(historical, often, _, capitalized) The notional full-moon day of a Roman month, occurring on the 15th day of the four original 31-day months (March, May, Quintilis or July, and October) and on the 13th day of all other months.


lexentry: eng/idiocy__Noun__1
written_rep: idiocy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идио́тство | идиоти́зм
sense_list:
(dated, psychology, now, , pejorative) The state or condition of being an idiot; the quality of having an intelligence level far below average; mental retardation; intellectual disability.


lexentry: eng/idiom__Noun__1
written_rep: idiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идио́ма | идиомати́ческий оборо́т | идиомати́ческое выраже́ние | оборо́т ре́чи | фразеологи́зм
sense_list:
A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, language family, or group of people.


lexentry: eng/idiom__Noun__1
written_rep: idiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: идио́м
sense_list:
A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context etc.


lexentry: eng/idiom__Noun__1
written_rep: idiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: идио́ма | идиомати́ческий оборо́т | идиомати́ческое выраже́ние | фразеологи́зм
sense_list:
An established phrasal expression whose meaning may not be deducible from the literal meanings of its component words.


lexentry: eng/idiosyncrasy__Noun__1
written_rep: idiosyncrasy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идиосинкрази́я | идиосинкразия
sense_list:
A behavior or way of thinking that is characteristic of a person. | (medicine) A peculiar individual reaction to a generally innocuous substance or factor.


lexentry: eng/idiotic__Adjective__1
written_rep: idiotic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дура́цкий | идио́тский
sense_list:
(of a person or animal) Pertaining to or resembling an idiot; characterised with behaviour resembling idiocy.


lexentry: eng/idol__Noun__1
written_rep: idol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: божество́ | божо́к | и́дол | истука́н | куми́р | чур
sense_list:
A graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power.


lexentry: eng/idol__Noun__1
written_rep: idol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: а́йдол | и́дол
sense_list:
(Asia, originally, Japan) A popular entertainer, usually young, captivating and attractive, and often female, with an image of being close to fans.


lexentry: eng/idolatrous__Adjective__1
written_rep: idolatrous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ѝдолопокло́ннический | идолопоклоннический
sense_list:
Partaking in idolatry; worshipping idols or false gods. | Engaging in excessive attachment or reverence; inordinately or profanely devoted.


lexentry: eng/idyll__Noun__1
written_rep: idyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иди́ллия
sense_list:
Any poem or short written piece composed in the style of Theocritus's short pastoral poems, the Idylls.


lexentry: eng/idyll__Noun__1
written_rep: idyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иди́ллия | идиллия
sense_list:
An episode or series of events or circumstances of pastoral or rural simplicity, fit for an idyll; a carefree or lighthearted experience.


lexentry: eng/idyll__Noun__1
written_rep: idyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: иди́ллия | пастора́ль
sense_list:
(music) A composition, usually instrumental, of a pastoral or sentimental character, e.g. Siegfried Idyll by Richard Wagner.


lexentry: eng/idée_fixe__Noun__1
written_rep: idée fixe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иде́я фикс | иде́я-фикс | идефи́кс
sense_list:
(psychology) An idea dominating the mind and maintained despite evidence to the contrary; (loosely), an obsession.


lexentry: eng/if_I_were_you__Phrase__1
written_rep: if I were you
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на ва́шем ме́сте | на твоём ме́сте
sense_list:
A phrase said to introduce advice, i.e. to express what one would do in the interlocutor's situation.


lexentry: eng/if__Conjunction__1
written_rep: if
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: е́сли | если
sense_list:
(computing) In the event that a statement is true (a programming statement that acts in a similar manner).


lexentry: eng/if__Conjunction__1
written_rep: if
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: ли | если
sense_list:
(sometimes, _, proscribed) Whether; used to introduce a noun clause, an indirect question, that functions as the direct object of certain verbs.


lexentry: eng/if_and_only_if__Conjunction__1
written_rep: if and only if
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тогда и только тогда
sense_list:
(logic, mathematics) Is equivalent to; implies and is implied by; is true and false in the same cases as.


lexentry: eng/if_it_ain't_broke,_don't_fix_it__Proverb__1
written_rep: if it ain't broke, don't fix it
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: не сломалось — не чини
sense_list:
Leave something alone; avoid attempting to correct, fix, or improve what is already sufficient (often with an implication that the attempted improvement is risky and might backfire).


lexentry: eng/if_my_aunt_had_balls,_she'd_be_my_uncle__Proverb__1
written_rep: if my aunt had balls, she'd be my uncle
part_of_speech: proverb
sense_list: (colloquial, vulgar, humorous) It is fruitless to speculate about counterfactual situations.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
е́сли бы да кабы́ во рту́ вы́росли грибы́, то был бы не рот, а це́лый огоро́д | е́сли бы у ба́бушки был хуй, то она́ была́ бы де́душкой


lexentry: eng/if_the_mountain_won't_come_to_Muhammad__Proverb__1
written_rep: if the mountain won't come to Muhammad
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: е́сли гора́ не идёт к Магоме́ту, то Магоме́т идёт к горе́
sense_list:
If something one wishes to be done cannot be commanded done, one must find another way to achieve one's goal.


lexentry: eng/if_the_shoe_fits,_wear_it__Proverb__1
written_rep: if the shoe fits, wear it
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: на во́ре́ и ша́пка гори́т
sense_list:
(idiom) If it works, there is not a problem using it. Often a response to being judged when using an incorrect tool.


lexentry: eng/if_you_can't_stand_the_heat,_get_out_of_the_kitchen__Proverb__1
written_rep: if you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: волко́в боя́ться — в лес не ходи́ть
sense_list:
If you cannot handle the pressure, you should not remain in a position where you have to deal with it.


lexentry: eng/ifs,_ands,_or_buts__Noun__1
written_rep: ifs, ands, or buts
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: если бы да кабы | оговорка
sense_list:
Modifications, limitations, or addenda; qualifications of any kind; speculations about whether a particular idea or enterprise is good.


lexentry: eng/igneous__Adjective__1
written_rep: igneous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вулкани́ческого происхожде́ния | пироге́нный
sense_list:
(geology) Resulting from, or produced by, great heat. With rocks, it could also mean formed from lava or magma.


lexentry: eng/igneous_rock__Noun__1
written_rep: igneous rock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: магмати́ческие го́рные поро́ды
sense_list:
(geology) one of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth; formed by the cooling of molten rock, either below the surface (intrusive) or on the surface (extrusive)


lexentry: eng/ignition__Noun__1
written_rep: ignition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зажига́ние
sense_list:
The act of igniting. | (automotive, mechanical engineering) A system for activating combustion in a combustion engine.


lexentry: eng/ignore__Verb__1
written_rep: ignore
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: To deliberately not listen or pay attention to.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
игнори́ровать | не [[принима́ть]] во [[внима́ние]] | не [[приня́ть]] во [[внима́ние]] | пренебре́чь | пренебрега́ть | проигнори́ровать


lexentry: eng/ignosticism__Noun__1
written_rep: ignosticism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: игностици́зм
sense_list:
Aka theological noncognitivism, igtheism. | The lack of belief that "creator and designer of the universe" is a coherently defined phrase, thus modern religionists do not believe in any god but only have the illusion that they do, and that modern atheists do not disbelieve in any god, or even lack belief in any god, but only have the illusion that they do.


lexentry: eng/iguana__Noun__1
written_rep: iguana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: игуа́на | игуана
sense_list:
A green iguana (Iguana iguana), a large tropical American lizard often kept as a pet. | Colloquially, in America and the Pacific, any of several members of the lizard family Iguanidae.


lexentry: eng/iguana__Noun__1
written_rep: iguana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: игуана
sense_list:
(zoology) Any member of the genus Iguana. | Colloquially, in Africa, any large member of the genus Varanus, especially the aquatic Nile monitor (see leguan).


lexentry: eng/ileum__Noun__1
written_rep: ileum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подвздошная кишка́
sense_list:
(anatomy) The last, and usually the longest, division of the small intestine; the part between the jejunum and large intestine.


lexentry: eng/ileus__Noun__1
written_rep: ileus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: за́ворот кишо́к | кише́чная непроходи́мость
sense_list:
(medicine, modern usage) Disruption of the normal propulsive ability of the gastrointestinal tract, due to failure of peristalsis.


lexentry: eng/ilk__Noun__1
written_rep: ilk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вид
sense_list:
A type, race or category; a group of entities that have common characteristics such that they may be grouped together.


lexentry: eng/ilkhan__Noun__1
written_rep: ilkhan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ильха́н
sense_list:
(historical) A provincial khan (originally of the Mongol Empire), especially in Iran between the 13th and 14th centuries.


lexentry: eng/ill-advised__Adjective__1
written_rep: ill-advised
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безрассудный
sense_list:
Carried out without the benefit of wise counsel or careful deliberation, or carried out with unwise counsel.


lexentry: eng/illegal__Noun__1
written_rep: illegal
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (colloquial, offensive) An illegal immigrant.
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list:
[[нелега́льный]] [[иммигра́нт]] | [[нелегальный|нелега́льная]] [[иммигра́нтка]] | нелега́л | нелега́лка


lexentry: eng/illegal__Noun__1
written_rep: illegal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: нелега́л
sense_list:
(espionage) A spy working abroad illegally and undercover, without visible ties to his or her country’s authorities.


lexentry: eng/illegal_combatant__Noun__1
written_rep: illegal combatant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: незако́нный бое́ц
sense_list:
A person who engages in combat without meeting the requirements for a lawful belligerent according to the laws of war as specified in the Third Geneva Convention.


lexentry: eng/illegal_immigration__Noun__1
written_rep: illegal immigration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нелега́льная мигра́ция
sense_list:
The migration of people across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destined country.


lexentry: eng/illegibility__Noun__1
written_rep: illegibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нечита́емость
sense_list:
The characteristic or quality of being illegible; the quality of being difficult or impossible to read.


lexentry: eng/illiquidity__Noun__1
written_rep: illiquidity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неплатёжеспособность
sense_list:
(economics) The condition of being illiquid; a lack of liquidity; difficulty in selling out an asset


lexentry: eng/illiterate__Adjective__1
written_rep: illiterate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: безгра́мотный | неве́жественный | необразо́ванный
sense_list:
Having less than an expected standard of familiarity with language and literature, or having little formal education.


lexentry: eng/illusion__Noun__1
written_rep: illusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иллю́зия | иллюзия
sense_list:
(countable) A misapprehension; a belief in something that is in fact not true. | (countable) A magician’s trick.


lexentry: eng/illustrate__Verb__1
written_rep: illustrate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: де́лать иллюстра́ции | иллюстри́ровать | оформля́ть
sense_list:
To provide a book or other publication with pictures, diagrams or other explanatory or decorative features.


lexentry: eng/illustration__Noun__1
written_rep: illustration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: иллюстра́ция | приме́р
sense_list:
Something which illustrates; a comparison or example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.


lexentry: eng/ilmenite__Noun__1
written_rep: ilmenite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ильменит
sense_list:
(mineral) A weakly magnetic dark gray mineral found in metamorphic and igneous rocks; it is a mixed oxide of iron and titanium, FeTiO3


lexentry: eng/image__Noun__1
written_rep: image
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изображе́ние | о́браз
sense_list:
An optical or other representation of a real object; a graphic; a picture. | (computing) A file that contains all information needed to produce a live working copy. (See disk image and image copy.)


lexentry: eng/image__Noun__1
written_rep: image
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: и́мидж | о́блик | о́браз
sense_list:
A characteristic of a person, group or company etc., style, manner of dress, how one is or wishes to be perceived by others.


lexentry: eng/image_processing__Noun__1
written_rep: image processing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обработка изображений
sense_list:
Any form of information processing whose input and output are both images, such as photographs or frames of video.


lexentry: eng/imageboard__Noun__1
written_rep: imageboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имиджбо́рд | имиджбо́рда
sense_list:
(Internet) A type of message board that revolves around the posting of images, with optional associated text, often characterized by the near lack of moderation and by the freedom to discuss any topic.


lexentry: eng/imagery__Noun__1
written_rep: imagery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воображение
sense_list:
The work of one who makes images or visible representation of objects. | The work of the imagination or fancy; false ideas; imaginary phantasms.


lexentry: eng/imaginary__Adjective__1
written_rep: imaginary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: мни́мый | мнимый
sense_list:
(mathematics, of a number) Having no real part; that part of a complex number which is a multiple of \sqrt{-1} (called imaginary unit).


lexentry: eng/imaginary_axis__Noun__1
written_rep: imaginary axis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мни́мая ось
sense_list:
(mathematics) The vertical line in the complex plane, every point on which corresponds to a complex number having zero real component


lexentry: eng/imaginary_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: imaginary geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мни́мая геометрия
sense_list:
(geometry) Absolute geometry, an axiomatised geometry in which the parallel postulate is absent and not replaced by an alternative, and of which Euclidean geometry and some non-Euclidean geometries are subtypes.


lexentry: eng/imaginary_number__Noun__1
written_rep: imaginary number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мни́мое число́
sense_list:
(complex analysis, strict sense) A number of the form bi, where b is any real number and i denotes the imaginary unit.


lexentry: eng/imaginary_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: imaginary unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мни́мая едини́ца | мнимая единица
sense_list:
(number theory, complex analysis, quaternion theory) An imaginary number (in the case of complex numbers, usually denoted i) that is defined as a solution to the equation x^2 = -1.


lexentry: eng/imagination__Noun__1
written_rep: imagination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воображе́ние | воображение
sense_list:
The image-making power of the mind; the act of mentally creating or reproducing an object not previously perceived; the ability to create such images.


lexentry: eng/imagination__Noun__1
written_rep: imagination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: воображе́ние
sense_list:
Particularly, construction of false images; fantasizing. | A mental image formed by the action of the imagination as a faculty; something imagined.


lexentry: eng/imagine__Verb__1
written_rep: imagine
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вообража́ть | вообрази́ть | предста́вить | представля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To form a mental image of something; to envision or create something in one's mind. | (transitive) to use one's imagination


lexentry: eng/imam__Noun__1
written_rep: imam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: има́м | имам
sense_list:
(usually capitalized) A Shi'ite Muslim leader descended from the prophet Muhammad and functioning as his spiritual successor.


lexentry: eng/imbecile__Noun__1
written_rep: imbecile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имбеци́л | слабоу́мный
sense_list:
(obsolete) A person with limited mental capacity who can perform tasks and think only like a young child, in medical circles meaning a person who lacks the capacity to develop beyond the mental age of a normal five- to seven-year-old child.


lexentry: eng/imbue__Verb__1
written_rep: imbue
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: насыща́ть
sense_list:
In general, to act in a way which results in an object becoming completely permeated or impregnated by some quality.


lexentry: eng/immersion_heater__Noun__1
written_rep: immersion heater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кипяти́льник | кипятильник
sense_list:
A device for supplying domestic hot water in which a thermostatically-controlled heating element is immersed within a tank of water


lexentry: eng/immigration__Noun__1
written_rep: immigration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммигра́ция | переселе́ние | иммиграция
sense_list:
The act of immigrating; the passing or coming into a country of which one is not native born for the purpose of permanent residence.


lexentry: eng/immobiliser__Noun__1
written_rep: immobiliser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммобилайзер
sense_list:
An electronic security device fitted to an automobile that prevents the engine from running unless the correct key (or other token) is present.


lexentry: eng/immoral__Adjective__1
written_rep: immoral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амора́льный | безнра́вственный
sense_list:
Breaching principles of natural law, rectitude, or justice, and so inconsistent with the demands of virtue, purity, or "good morals"; not right, not moral. (Compare unethical, illegal.)


lexentry: eng/immortal__Adjective__1
written_rep: immortal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бессме́ртный | бессмертный
sense_list:
Not susceptible to death; living forever; never dying. | Never to be forgotten; that merits being always remembered.


lexentry: eng/immune_complex__Noun__1
written_rep: immune complex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имму́нный ко́мплекс
sense_list:
(biochemistry, immunology) A molecule formed from the integral binding of an antibody to a soluble antigen; an antigen-antibody complex.


lexentry: eng/immune_system__Noun__1
written_rep: immune system
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имму́нная систе́ма
sense_list:
(anatomy, immunology) The system that differentiates self from non-self and protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by producing an immune response. It includes organs such as the thymus, the spleen and lymph nodes; tissue such as bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils; cells such as lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and cell products such as antibodies.


lexentry: eng/immunity__Noun__1
written_rep: immunity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммуните́т | иммунитет
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being insusceptible to something; notably: | (countable) A resistance to a specific thing.


lexentry: eng/immunization__Noun__1
written_rep: immunization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммуниза́ция
sense_list:
(US, uncountable) The process by which an individual is safely exposed in a controlled manner to a material that is designed to prime their immune system against that material.


lexentry: eng/immunize__Verb__1
written_rep: immunize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммунизи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To make someone or something immune to something. | (transitive) To inoculate someone, and thus produce immunity from a disease.


lexentry: eng/immunoglobulin__Noun__1
written_rep: immunoglobulin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммуноглобулин
sense_list:
(protein, immunology) Any of the glycoproteins in blood serum that respond to invasion by foreign antigens and that protect the host by removing pathogens; an antibody.


lexentry: eng/immunosuppressive__Adjective__1
written_rep: immunosuppressive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммунодепрессант
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical effect, immunology) Having the capability to suppress the immune system, capable of immunosuppression.


lexentry: eng/immure__Verb__1
written_rep: immure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заточа́ть | заточи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To cloister, confine, imprison or hole up: to lock someone up or seclude oneself behind walls.


lexentry: eng/immurement__Noun__1
written_rep: immurement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: замуро́вывание
sense_list:
Capital punishment, human sacrifice or life imprisonment by entombing for life or sealing behind walls.


lexentry: eng/imp__Noun__1
written_rep: imp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бесёнок | дьяволёнок | чертёнок | чёртик
sense_list:
(chiefly, fiction, and, mythology) A small, mischievous sprite or a malevolent supernatural creature, somewhat comparable to a demon but smaller and less powerful, formerly regarded as the child of the devil or a demon (see sense 3.2). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/impact_crater__Noun__1
written_rep: impact crater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́мпактный кра́тер | уда́рный кра́тер
sense_list:
(geology, astronomy) A crater formed from a hypervelocity impact, typically of a meteorite, as opposed to one formed by other means such as vulcanism.


lexentry: eng/impaction__Noun__1
written_rep: impaction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: включение
sense_list:
(dentistry) Failure of a tooth to erupt into the dental arch, because of adjacent teeth, dense overlying bone, excessive soft tissue, or other factor.


lexentry: eng/impala__Noun__1
written_rep: impala
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импа́ла | импала
sense_list:
An African antelope, Aepyceros melampus, noted for its leaping ability; the male has ridged, curved horns.


lexentry: eng/impanel__Verb__1
written_rep: impanel
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[включа́ть]] в [[спи́сок]] [[присяжный|прися́жных]]
sense_list:
To enrol (jurors), e.g. from a jury pool; to register (the names of jurors) on a "panel" or official list.


lexentry: eng/impasto__Noun__1
written_rep: impasto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импа́сто
sense_list:
(painting) The use of a thick-bodied paint to create peaks and crests that physically extend from the surface of a painting.


lexentry: eng/impatience__Noun__1
written_rep: impatience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нетерпе́ние | нетерпение
sense_list:
The quality of being impatient; lacking patience; restlessness and intolerance of delays; anxiety and eagerness, especially to begin something.


lexentry: eng/impeachment__Noun__1
written_rep: impeachment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импи́чмент
sense_list:
(countable, law, chiefly, US) The act of impeaching or charging a public official with misconduct, especially if serious, often with the aim of having the official dismissed from office.


lexentry: eng/impedance__Noun__1
written_rep: impedance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: импеда́нс | импеданс
sense_list:
(physics) A measure of the opposition to the flow of an alternating current in a circuit; the aggregation of its resistance, and inductive and capacitive reactances; the ratio of voltage to current treated as complex quantities.


lexentry: eng/imperative_mood__Noun__1
written_rep: imperative mood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: императи́в | повели́тельное наклоне́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) The grammatical mood generally expressing a command, though also used to express a request or permission.


lexentry: eng/imperfection__Noun__1
written_rep: imperfection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: несоверше́нство
sense_list:
(uncountable) Those qualities or features that are imperfect; the characteristic, state, or quality of being imperfect.


lexentry: eng/imperfective_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: imperfective aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: несоверше́нный вид
sense_list:
(grammar) A feature of a verb which denotes that its action or condition does not have a fixed temporal boundary, but is habitual, unfinished, continuous, repetitive or in progress.


lexentry: eng/imperialism__Noun__1
written_rep: imperialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: империали́зм | империализм
sense_list:
The policy of forcefully extending a nation's authority by territorial gain or by the establishment of economic and political dominance over other nations.


lexentry: eng/impersonal__Adjective__1
written_rep: impersonal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: безли́чный | безличный
sense_list:
(grammar, of a verb or other word) Not having a subject, or having a third person pronoun without an antecedent.


lexentry: eng/impersonal_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: impersonal verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безли́чный глаго́л
sense_list:
(linguistics) A verb used only in the infinitive or in the third person. In the third person, the subject is either implied or a dummy.


lexentry: eng/impetigo__Noun__1
written_rep: impetigo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импети́го | парша́ | стрептодерми́я
sense_list:
(pathology) A contagious bacterial skin disease forming pustules and yellow crusty sores, chiefly on the face and hands. It is common in children and infection is often through cuts or insect bites.


lexentry: eng/implant__Noun__1
written_rep: implant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импланта́т
sense_list:
(medicine) Anything surgically implanted in the body, such as a tissue graft or prosthesis, particularly breast implants.


lexentry: eng/implantation__Noun__1
written_rep: implantation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импланта́ция
sense_list:
(anatomy) The way in which an organ, bone, muscle etc. becomes inserted into its set place. | (surgery) The act of inserting a medical implant.


lexentry: eng/implementation__Noun__1
written_rep: implementation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[воплоще́ние]] в [[реа́льность]] | внедре́ние | имплемента́ция | осуществле́ние | реализа́ция
sense_list:
The process of moving an idea from concept to reality. In business, engineering and other fields, implementation refers to the building process rather than the design process.


lexentry: eng/implication__Noun__1
written_rep: implication
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: намёк
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) An implying, or that which is implied, but not expressed; an inference, or something which may fairly be understood, though not expressed in words.


lexentry: eng/implicit_function__Noun__1
written_rep: implicit function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нея́вная фу́нкция
sense_list:
(analysis, algebraic geometry) A function defined by a (multivariable) implicit equation when one of the variables is regarded as the value of the function, especially where said equation is such that the value is not directly calculable from the other variables.


lexentry: eng/implore__Verb__1
written_rep: implore
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: умоля́ть | упрашивать
sense_list:
To beg or plead for (something) earnestly or urgently; to beseech. | To beg or plead that (someone) earnestly or urgently do something; to beseech, to entreat.


lexentry: eng/impluvium__Noun__1
written_rep: impluvium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имплювий
sense_list:
(architecture) A low basin in the center of a household atrium, into which rainwater flowed down from the roof through the compluvium.


lexentry: eng/imply__Verb__1
written_rep: imply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: намека́ть | намекну́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, of a person or proposition) to hint; to insinuate; to suggest tacitly and avoid a direct statement


lexentry: eng/import__Noun__1
written_rep: import
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́мпорт
sense_list:
(countable) Something brought in from an exterior source, especially for sale or trade. | (countable, Philippines) A foreigner playing in a sports league.


lexentry: eng/imposition__Noun__1
written_rep: imposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наглость
sense_list:
The act of imposing, laying on, affixing, enjoining, inflicting, obtruding, and the like. | That which is imposed, levied, or enjoined.


lexentry: eng/impostor_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: impostor syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: синдром самозванца
sense_list:
(psychology) A psychological phenomenon in which a person is unable to internalize his or her accomplishments, remaining convinced that he or she does not deserve any accompanying success.


lexentry: eng/imposture__Noun__1
written_rep: imposture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: надувательство
sense_list:
The act or conduct of an impostor; deception practiced under a false or assumed character; fraud or imposition


lexentry: eng/impotent__Adjective__1
written_rep: impotent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: импоте́нтный | страда́ющий импотенцией
sense_list:
incapable of sexual intercourse, often because of an inability to achieve or sustain an erection, having impotentia coeundi


lexentry: eng/imprecation__Noun__1
written_rep: imprecation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прокля́тие
sense_list:
The act of imprecating, or invoking evil upon someone; a prayer that a curse or calamity may befall someone. | A curse.


lexentry: eng/impregnable__Adjective__1
written_rep: impregnable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: непристу́пный
sense_list:
(military) Of a fortress or other fortified place: able to withstand all attacks; impenetrable, inconquerable, unvanquishable.


lexentry: eng/impregnate__Verb__1
written_rep: impregnate
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To cause to become pregnant.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[де́лать]] [[беременная|бере́менной]] | [[сде́лать]] [[беременная|бере́менной]] | насы́тить | насыща́ть | оплодотвори́ть | оплодотворя́ть


lexentry: eng/impregnation__Noun__1
written_rep: impregnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: насыще́ние | пропи́тывание
sense_list:
The fact or process of imbuing or saturating with something; diffusion of some element, idea etc. through a medium or substance.


lexentry: eng/impressionism__Noun__1
written_rep: impressionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импрессиони́зм | импрессионизм
sense_list:
(arts) An art movement characterized by visible brushstrokes, ordinary subject matter, and an emphasis on light and its changing qualities.


lexentry: eng/impressionism__Noun__1
written_rep: impressionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: импрессионизм
sense_list:
(music genre) A style that avoided traditional harmony, and sought to invoke the impressions of the composer. | (poetry) A style that used imagery and symbolism to portray the poet's impressions.


lexentry: eng/impressionistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: impressionistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неполный | разрозненный | субъективный
sense_list:
Pertaining to or characterized by impressionism. | Based on impression rather than reason or fact; based on trying to impress somebody rather than trying for accuracy.


lexentry: eng/imprison__Verb__1
written_rep: imprison
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To put in or as if in prison; confine somebody against their will.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[заключа́ть]] в [[тюрьма|тюрьму́]] | [[лиша́ть]] [[свобода|свобо́ды]] | [[сажа́ть]] в [[тюрьма|тюрьму́]]


lexentry: eng/impromptu__Noun__1
written_rep: impromptu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импровиза́ция | экспро́мт
sense_list:
(music) A short musical composition for an informal occasion often with the character of improvisation and usually to be played solo.


lexentry: eng/improve__Verb__1
written_rep: improve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: нала́диться | нала́живаться | попра́виться | поправля́ться | улу́чшиться | улучша́ться
sense_list:
(obsolete) To disapprove of; to find fault with; to reprove; to censure. | (dated) To use or employ to good purpose; to turn to profitable account.


lexentry: eng/improvement__Noun__1
written_rep: improvement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: исправле́ние | улучше́ние | усоверше́нствование | совершенствование
sense_list:
The act of making profitable use or application of anything, or the state of being profitably employed; practical application, for example of a doctrine, principle, or theory, stated in a discourse.


lexentry: eng/improvisation__Noun__1
written_rep: improvisation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импровиза́ция | импровизация
sense_list:
The act or art of composing and making music, poetry, and the like, extemporaneously | That which is improvised; an impromptu. | Musical technique, characteristic of blues music.


lexentry: eng/improvise__Verb__1
written_rep: improvise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импровизи́ровать | сымпровизи́ровать
sense_list:
To make something up or invent it as one goes on; to proceed guided only by imagination, intuition, and guesswork rather than by a careful plan.


lexentry: eng/improvised_explosive_device__Noun__1
written_rep: improvised explosive device
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: самоде́льное взрывно́е устро́йство
sense_list:
An unconventional or amateur explosive weapon made from nonmilitary components, especially one used by guerillas, commandos or terrorists.


lexentry: eng/imprudence__Noun__1
written_rep: imprudence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неосторожность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality or state of being imprudent; lack of prudence, caution, discretion or circumspection. | (countable) An imprudent act.


lexentry: eng/impugn__Verb__1
written_rep: impugn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: оспаривать
sense_list:
(transitive) To verbally assault, especially to argue against an opinion, motive, or action; to question the truth or validity of.


lexentry: eng/impulsive__Adjective__1
written_rep: impulsive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импульси́вный
sense_list:
Having the power of driving or impelling; giving an impulse; moving; impellent. | Actuated by impulse or by transient feelings; inclined to make rapid decisions without due consideration.


lexentry: eng/impunity__Noun__1
written_rep: impunity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[освобожде́ние]] от [[наказание|наказа́ния]] | безнака́занность | ненаказу́емость
sense_list:
(uncountable) Freedom from punishment or retribution; security from any reprisal or injurious consequences of an action, behaviour etc.


lexentry: eng/impurity__Noun__1
written_rep: impurity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нечистота́
sense_list:
The condition of being impure; because of contamination, pollution, adulteration or insufficient purification.


lexentry: eng/imputation__Noun__1
written_rep: imputation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: вмене́ние в вину́ | обвине́ние
sense_list:
(theology) A setting of something to the account of; the attribution of personal guilt or personal righteousness of another.


lexentry: eng/in-law__Noun__1
written_rep: in-law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сва́тья | сват
sense_list:
Sometimes specifically a parent-in-law of one's child, for which the dedicated terms co-mother-in-law, co-father-in-law are rare.


lexentry: eng/in_a_word__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in a word
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: одни́м сло́вом
sense_list:
(abbreviative action or effect): In summarization: briefly, concisely, summarily, in short; to sum up


lexentry: eng/in_black_and_white__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in black and white
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрным по белому
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Explicitly, in writing, clearly and without doubt or misunderstanding, without any grey areas.


lexentry: eng/in_cold_blood__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in cold blood
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хладнокро́вно
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a ruthless and unfeeling manner, particularly as applied to first-degree murder committed without provocation and with malice aforethought.


lexentry: eng/in_for_a_penny,_in_for_a_pound__Proverb__1
written_rep: in for a penny, in for a pound
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: взя́лся за гуж — не говори́, что не дюж
sense_list:
Having started something, one must see it through to its end, rather than stopping short; one must “go the whole hog”.


lexentry: eng/in_living_memory__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in living memory
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на [[память|па́мяти]] [[нынешнее|ны́нешнего]] [[поколение|поколе́ния]]
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In recent history, in recorded history amongst the lifespan of extant people; events or situations which can be remembered by people that are still alive.


lexentry: eng/in_love__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in love
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влюблённый в
sense_list:
(transitive with with) Enamored (of a person, etc.) | (transitive with with) (informal) Very fond (of an idea, etc.)


lexentry: eng/in_my_humble_opinion__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in my humble opinion
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на мой взгляд
sense_list:
Used to introduce or qualify a statement, as expressing one's own view, not one backed by external authority or to be accepted without question


lexentry: eng/in_other_words__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in other words
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: други́ми слова́ми | ина́че говоря́ | ины́ми слова́ми
sense_list:
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Stated or interpreted another way; Used to introduce an explanation, simplification, or clarification.


lexentry: eng/in_parallel__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in parallel
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: паралле́льно
sense_list:
At the same time; together, concurrently, cotemporally. | Aligned or connected side by side, instead of in series.


lexentry: eng/in_someone's_pocket__Adjective__1
written_rep: in someone's pocket
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в карма́не | в рука́х
sense_list:
(idiomatic, pejorative) Receiving money from, and under the influence of, a person or group of people, with the expectation that a favour or advantage will be proffered in return.


lexentry: eng/in_terms_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: in terms of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: в отноше́нии | в пла́не | насчёт | с то́чки зре́ния
sense_list:
(by extension) in relation to a particular aspect; with respect to; as regards; concerning; regarding.


lexentry: eng/in_the_act__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the act
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на ме́сте преступле́ния | с поли́чным
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In the process of doing something considered criminal or otherwise wrong; used to emphasize the eye-witness evidence.


lexentry: eng/in_the_doghouse__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the doghouse
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в заго́не | в неми́лости | в опа́ле
sense_list:
(informal) In a situation of being the object of someone's anger or disapproval, especially one's spouse.


lexentry: eng/in_the_land_of_the_blind,_the_one-eyed_man_is_king__Proverb__1
written_rep: in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в стране слепых одноглазый — коро́ль
sense_list:
Even someone with limited abilities or opportunities is dominant over, and considered special by, those who have even fewer abilities and opportunities; the value of any ability depends on its prevalence.


lexentry: eng/in_the_line_of_duty__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the line of duty
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: при [[исполнение|исполне́нии]] [[служебный|служе́бных]] [[обязанность|обя́занностей]]
sense_list:
(idiomatic) As part of or while performing official duties, usually of the military or police personnel, or of government officials.


lexentry: eng/in_the_middle_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: in the middle of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: при этом
sense_list:
(often followed by the -ing form of a verb) Engaged in, but not finished with, often with something unpleasant.


lexentry: eng/in_the_offing__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the offing
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: в ближа́йшем бу́дущем | не за гора́ми
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Soon to come; likely to happen; in the foreseeable future; projected to occur; on the horizon; in the wind.


lexentry: eng/in_turn__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in turn
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: в свою́ о́чередь | та́кже | то́же
sense_list:
Having a relationship sequentially comparable to one just mentioned; accordingly or similarly, with respect to sequence, precedence, or hierarchy.


lexentry: eng/in_vitro_fertilization__Noun__1
written_rep: in vitro fertilization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: экстракорпора́льное оплодотворе́ние
sense_list:
(medicine) The fertilization of an egg by sperm outside of a woman's body; normally used as a treatment for infertility.


lexentry: eng/inanimacy__Noun__1
written_rep: inanimacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неодушевлённость
sense_list:
(linguistics) In some languages, opposite of animacy, which affects grammatical features (it can modify verbs used with the noun, affect the noun's declension, etc.).


lexentry: eng/inanition__Noun__1
written_rep: inanition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: истоще́ние
sense_list:
(medicine) A state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition, food, or water or a physiological inability to utilize them, with resulting weakness.


lexentry: eng/inanition__Noun__1
written_rep: inanition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пустота́
sense_list:
(philosophy) A spiritual emptiness or lack of purpose or will to live, akin to nausea in existentialist philosophy.


lexentry: eng/inauguration__Noun__1
written_rep: inauguration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вступле́ние в до́лжность | инаугура́ция
sense_list:
The act of inaugurating, or inducting into office with solemnity; investiture by appropriate ceremonies.


lexentry: eng/inbox__Noun__1
written_rep: inbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: почто́вый я́щик
sense_list:
(computing) An electronic folder serving the same purpose, but for electronic files, especially email.


lexentry: eng/inbreeding__Noun__1
written_rep: inbreeding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[межродственный|межро́дственное]] [[скре́щивание]] | инбри́динг | инцу́хт
sense_list:
(biology) Breeding between members of a relatively small population, especially one in which most members are related.


lexentry: eng/incantation__Noun__1
written_rep: incantation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чароде́йство
sense_list:
The act or process of using formulas and/or usually rhyming words, sung or spoken, with occult ceremonies, for the purpose of raising spirits, producing enchantment, or creating other magical results. | (computing, slang) Any esoteric command or procedure.


lexentry: eng/incarnate__Adjective__1
written_rep: incarnate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: во плоти́ | воплощённый
sense_list:
(traditionally postpositive, now frequently prepositive) Embodied in flesh; given a bodily, especially a human, form; personified.


lexentry: eng/incarnation__Noun__1
written_rep: incarnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воплоще́ние | олицетворе́ние
sense_list:
An incarnate being or form. | A person or thing regarded as embodying or exhibiting some quality, idea, or the like.


lexentry: eng/incarnation__Noun__1
written_rep: incarnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: воплоще́ние
sense_list:
A living being embodying a deity or spirit. | An assumption of human form or nature. | The act of incarnating. | The state of being incarnated.


lexentry: eng/incel__Noun__1
written_rep: incel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инце́л | инце́лка
sense_list:
A member of an online subculture of people (mostly men) who define themselves as unable to find a romantic or sexual partner despite desiring one.


lexentry: eng/incest__Noun__1
written_rep: incest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инце́ст | кровосмеше́ние | инцест
sense_list:
Sexual relations between close relatives, especially immediate family members and sometimes first cousins, usually considered taboo; in many jurisdictions, close relatives are not allowed to marry, and incest is a crime.


lexentry: eng/inch__Noun__1
written_rep: inch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дюйм
sense_list:
An English unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot or 2.54 cm, roughly the width of a thumb. | Any of various similar units of length in other traditional systems of measurement.


lexentry: eng/incidence__Noun__1
written_rep: incidence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: паде́ние
sense_list:
(epidemiology) A measure of the rate of new occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time.


lexentry: eng/incident__Noun__1
written_rep: incident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инциде́нт | происше́ствие | слу́чай
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) An event or occurrence. | An event that causes or may cause an interruption or a crisis, such as a workplace illness or a software error.


lexentry: eng/incision__Noun__1
written_rep: incision
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зару́бка | надре́з | разреза́ние
sense_list:
A cut, especially one made by a scalpel or similar medical tool in the context of surgical operation; the scar resulting from such a cut. | (football) A cut-back


lexentry: eng/incisor__Noun__1
written_rep: incisor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: резе́ц | резец
sense_list:
(anatomy, zootomy) A narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth of mammals, between the canines and adapted for cutting; in humans there are four in each jaw.


lexentry: eng/incline__Verb__1
written_rep: incline
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наклони́ть | наклоня́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To bend or move (something) out of a given plane or direction, often the horizontal or vertical.


lexentry: eng/inclined_plane__Noun__1
written_rep: inclined plane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наклонная плоскость
sense_list:
(mechanics) One of the simple machines; a sloping surface such as a ramp such that an object can be raised with less effort than being lifted vertically.


lexentry: eng/inclusion__Noun__1
written_rep: inclusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: включе́ние
sense_list:
(countable) An addition or annex to a group, set, or total. | (uncountable) The act of including, i.e. adding or annexing, (something) to a group, set, or total.


lexentry: eng/inclusive_or__Noun__1
written_rep: inclusive or
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: включа́ющее и́ли
sense_list:
(logic, computing) A logical connective joining two or more predicates that yields the logical value "true" when at least one of the predicates is true.


lexentry: eng/incoherence__Noun__1
written_rep: incoherence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бессвя́зность | инкогере́нтность | инкогере́нция
sense_list:
(psychiatry) Thinking or speech that is so disorganized that it is essentially inapprehensible to others.


lexentry: eng/incompatible__Adjective__1
written_rep: incompatible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: несовмести́мый
sense_list:
Of two things: that cannot coexist; not congruous because of differences; unable to function together due to dissimilarities.


lexentry: eng/incomplete_sentence__Noun__1
written_rep: incomplete sentence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: непо́лное предложе́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A group of words that appear to convey only part of a complete thought, lacking some component which is grammatically necessary to complete the thought.


lexentry: eng/incongruity__Noun__1
written_rep: incongruity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: несоотве́тствие
sense_list:
The state of being incongruous, or lacking congruence. | An instance or point of disagreement | A thing that is incongruous.


lexentry: eng/inconsistent__Adjective__1
written_rep: inconsistent
part_of_speech: adjective
sense_list: Not consistent or coherent in thought or behavior. | Not consistent:
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
изме́нчивый | непосле́довательный | непостоя́нный | неусто́йчивый | противоречи́вый | рассогласованный


lexentry: eng/inconsolable__Adjective__1
written_rep: inconsolable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безуте́шный | неуте́шный
sense_list:
Not consolable; unable to be consoled or comforted, usually due to grief, disappointment, or other distress.


lexentry: eng/inconspicuously__Adverb__1
written_rep: inconspicuously
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: незаметно
sense_list:
In an inconspicuous manner; so as not to attract attention or appear unusual or out of the ordinary.


lexentry: eng/incontinence__Noun__1
written_rep: incontinence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инконтине́нция | недержа́ние | несде́ржанность
sense_list:
(urology) The inability of any of the physical organs to restrain discharges of their contents; involuntary discharge or evacuation (of urine or feces).


lexentry: eng/incontinent__Adjective__1
written_rep: incontinent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: несдержанный
sense_list:
Plagued by incontinence; unable to retain natural discharges or evacuations, most commonly of urine or feces.


lexentry: eng/incorporate__Verb__1
written_rep: incorporate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: включа́ть | включи́ть | инкорпори́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To include (something) as a part. | (US, legal) To include (another clause or guarantee of the US constitution) as a part (of the Fourteenth Amendment, such that the clause binds not only the federal government but also state governments).


lexentry: eng/incredibly__Adverb__1
written_rep: incredibly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: невероя́тно
sense_list:
(manner) In an incredible manner; not to be believed. | (degree) To a great extent; extremely. | Used to note the surprising or hard-to-believe nature of what is being said and suggest that it is nevertheless true.


lexentry: eng/incredulity__Noun__1
written_rep: incredulity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: недове́рие | недове́рчивость
sense_list:
Unwillingness or inability to believe; doubt about the truth or verisimilitude of something; disbelief.


lexentry: eng/increment__Noun__1
written_rep: increment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: прираще́ние
sense_list:
The amount of increase. | (grammar) A syllable in excess of the number of the nominative singular or the second-person singular present indicative.


lexentry: eng/incubation__Noun__1
written_rep: incubation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: выси́живание | инкуба́ция
sense_list:
Sitting on eggs for the purpose of hatching young; a brooding on, or keeping warm, to develop the life within, by any process.


lexentry: eng/incubation_period__Noun__1
written_rep: incubation period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инкубацио́нный пери́од
sense_list:
(epidemiology) The time elapsed between an exposure to a pathogenic organism, a chemical or radiation, and the appearance of signs and symptoms.


lexentry: eng/incubator__Noun__1
written_rep: incubator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инкуба́тор
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for a reaction. | (medicine) An apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for a newborn baby. | An apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for the hatching of eggs.


lexentry: eng/incubus__Noun__1
written_rep: incubus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́мон | злой [[ге́ний]] | злой дух | инку́б
sense_list:
(medieval folklore) An evil spirit supposed to oppress people while asleep, especially to have sex with women as they sleep.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Adjective__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́йствующий
sense_list:
(zoology) Of a body part such as a hair, spine, or wing: bent downwards or otherwise positioned so that it, or part of it, rests on or touches something else; specifically (ornithology) , of the hind toe of a bird: fully resting on a support. | Being the current holder of an office or a title; specifically (Christianity, obsolete) , of an ecclesiastical benefice.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Adjective__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: возло́женный
sense_list:
Followed by on or upon: imposed on one as an obligation, especially due to one's office or position.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Noun__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[занима́ющий]] [[до́лжность]] | [[занима́ющий]] пост
sense_list:
The current holder of an office or title; (specifically, Christianity) the holder of an ecclesiastical benefice.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Noun__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[устоя́вшийся]] [[игро́к]]
sense_list:
(business) A holder of a position as supplier to a market or market segment that allows the holder to earn above-normal profits.


lexentry: eng/incur__Verb__1
written_rep: incur
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подверга́ть | подвергну́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) to bring upon oneself or expose oneself to, especially something inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to become liable or subject to


lexentry: eng/indecent_exposure__Noun__1
written_rep: indecent exposure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эксгибиционизм
sense_list:
(legal) The crime of intentionally exposing one's own private parts in public; in some cases also including the act of public urination and defecation.


lexentry: eng/indefinite__Adjective__1
written_rep: indefinite
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: неопределённый | нея́сный
sense_list:
Vague or unclear. | (linguistics) Designating an unspecified or unidentified person or thing or group of persons or things


lexentry: eng/indefinite_article__Noun__1
written_rep: indefinite article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неопределённый арти́кль | неопределённый артикль
sense_list:
(grammar) A word preceding a noun to indicate that the noun refers to any member of the class of objects named by the noun.


lexentry: eng/indemnity__Noun__1
written_rep: indemnity
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (legal) The right of an injured party to shift the loss onto the party responsible for the loss.
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list:
[[гара́нтия]] от [[потеря|поте́рь]] | [[гара́нтия]] от [[убыток|убы́тков]] | индемните́т | освобожде́ние


lexentry: eng/indemnity__Noun__1
written_rep: indemnity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: индемните́т
sense_list:
(insurance) A principle of insurance which provides that when a loss occurs, the insured should be restored to the approximate financial condition occupied before the loss occurred, no better, no worse.


lexentry: eng/indent__Verb__1
written_rep: indent
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: впрыгнуть
sense_list:
(typography) To begin (a line or lines) at a greater or lesser distance from the margin. See indentation, and indention. Normal indent pushes in a line or paragraph. "Hanging indent" pulls the line out into the margin.


lexentry: eng/indentation__Noun__1
written_rep: indentation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: абза́ц | о́тступ
sense_list:
(typography) The act of beginning a line or series of lines at a little distance within the flush line of the column or page, as in the common way of beginning the first line of a paragraph.


lexentry: eng/indenture__Noun__1
written_rep: indenture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кабала
sense_list:
(legal) A contract which binds a person to work for another, under specified conditions, for a specified time (often as an apprentice).


lexentry: eng/independence__Noun__1
written_rep: independence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: незави́симость | самостоя́тельность | независимость
sense_list:
The quality or state of being independent; lack of dependence; the state of not being reliant on, or controlled by, others.


lexentry: eng/independence_day__Noun__1
written_rep: independence day
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: день незави́симости
sense_list:
An annual celebration commemorating the anniversary of a nation's assumption of independent statehood.


lexentry: eng/index__Noun__1
written_rep: index
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: и́ндекс
sense_list:
(economics) A single number calculated from an array of prices or of quantities. | (computing, especially, programming, and, databases) An integer or other key indicating the location of data, e.g. within an array, vector, database table, associative array, or hash table.


lexentry: eng/index__Verb__1
written_rep: index
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: индекси́ровать
sense_list:
(chiefly, economics) To normalise in order to account for inflation; to correct for inflation by linking to a price index in order to maintain real levels.


lexentry: eng/index_case__Noun__1
written_rep: index case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нулевой пациент
sense_list:
(epidemiology) The first documented patient in a disease epidemic within a population or the first case of interest in an epidemiological investigation; the case of patient zero.


lexentry: eng/indicator__Noun__1
written_rep: indicator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индика́тор | указа́тель
sense_list:
A pointer or index that indicates something. | (economics) A measure, such as unemployment rate, which can be used to predict economic trends.


lexentry: eng/indicator__Noun__1
written_rep: indicator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: индика́тор
sense_list:
A meter or gauge. | (chemistry) Any of many substances, such as litmus, used to indicate the concentration of a substance, or the degree of a reaction.


lexentry: eng/indicator__Noun__1
written_rep: indicator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: индика́тор | поворо́тник | указа́тель
sense_list:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland , automotive ) A turn signal; each of the flashing lights on each side of a vehicle which indicate a turn is being made to left or right, or a lane change etc.


lexentry: eng/indict__Verb__1
written_rep: indict
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: обвини́ть | обвиня́ть | осуди́ть | осужда́ть
sense_list:
(legal) To make a formal accusation or indictment for a crime against (a party) by the findings of a jury, especially a grand jury.


lexentry: eng/indictable_offence__Noun__1
written_rep: indictable offence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преступление
sense_list:
(legal, British, Canadian, Australian, Hong Kong) An offence which can only be tried on an indictment after a preliminary hearing to determine whether there is a prima facie case to answer or by a grand jury, in contrast to a summary offence.


lexentry: eng/indiction__Noun__1
written_rep: indiction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инди́кт | индиктио́н
sense_list:
(historical) A fiscal period of fifteen years, instituted by Constantine in 313 C.E. (but counting from 1st September 312), used throughout the Middle Ages as a way of dating events, documents etc.


lexentry: eng/indigenous__Adjective__1
written_rep: indigenous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: абориге́нный | автохто́нный | коренно́й | ме́стный | тузе́мный
sense_list:
Born or originating in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion. [from 17th c.] | In particular, of or relating to a people (or their language or culture) that inhabited a region prior to the arrival of people of other cultures which became dominant (e.g., through colonialism), and which maintains a distinct culture.


lexentry: eng/indigestion__Noun__1
written_rep: indigestion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диспепси́я | несваре́ние желу́дка
sense_list:
A condition of heartburn, nausea, or other stomach-related pain, sometimes caused by eating too quickly.


lexentry: eng/indigo__Noun__1
written_rep: indigo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инди́го | индиго
sense_list:
A purplish-blue colour. | An indigo-colored dye obtained from certain plants (the indigo plant or woad), or a similar synthetic dye.


lexentry: eng/indirect_free_kick__Noun__1
written_rep: indirect free kick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свобо́дный уда́р
sense_list:
(soccer) a free kick from which a goal may be scored only after the ball has been played by at least one other player


lexentry: eng/indirect_object__Noun__1
written_rep: indirect object
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́свенное дополне́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatical role of a ditransitive verb that manifests a secondary or passive participant in an action, often a recipient or goal.


lexentry: eng/indispensable__Adjective__1
written_rep: indispensable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: незамени́мый | необходи́мый
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical, obsolete) Not admitting ecclesiastical dispensation; not subject to release or exemption; that cannot be allowed by bending the canonical rules. [16th–17th c.]


lexentry: eng/indistinguishable__Adjective__1
written_rep: indistinguishable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неразличи́мый
sense_list:
Not distinguishable; not capable of being perceived, known, or discriminated as separate and distinct


lexentry: eng/individual__Noun__1
written_rep: individual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: физи́ческое лицо́
sense_list:
(legal) A single physical human being as a legal subject, as opposed to a legal person such as a corporation.


lexentry: eng/individualism__Noun__1
written_rep: individualism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индивидуали́зм | индивидуализм
sense_list:
The tendency for a person to act without reference to others, particularly in matters of style, fashion or mode of thought. | The moral stance, political philosophy, or social outlook that promotes independence and self-reliance of individual people, while opposing the interference with each person's choices by society, the state, or any other group or institution.


lexentry: eng/individuality__Noun__1
written_rep: individuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индивидуа́льность | индивидуальность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The characteristics that contribute to the differentiation or distinction of someone or something from a group of otherwise comparable identity.


lexentry: eng/indivisible__Adjective__1
written_rep: indivisible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: недели́мый | нераздели́мый | неразложи́мый
sense_list:
Incapable of being divided; atomic. | (arithmetic) Incapable of being divided by a specific integer without leaving a remainder.


lexentry: eng/indole__Noun__1
written_rep: indole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индо́л
sense_list:
(organic compound) An organic compound, C8H7N, found in coal tar, and produced in the gut by the bacterial decomposition of tryptophan; it is an aromatic bicyclic heterocycle having a benzene ring fused with a pyrrole ring; indole and its derivatives occur widely in nature and have many industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/indometacin__Noun__1
written_rep: indometacin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индометаци́н
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A compound with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties, used chiefly to treat rheumatoid arthritis and gout.


lexentry: eng/induction__Noun__1
written_rep: induction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инду́кция
sense_list:
(embryology) Given a group of cells that emits or displays a substance, the influence of this substance on the fate of a second group of cells | (logic) Derivation of general principles from specific instances. | (physics) Generation of an electric current by a varying magnetic field.


lexentry: eng/inductive_reasoning__Noun__1
written_rep: inductive reasoning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индукция
sense_list:
The process of making inferences based upon observed patterns, or simple repetition. Often used in reference to predictions about what will happen or does happen, based upon what has happened.


lexentry: eng/indulgence__Noun__1
written_rep: indulgence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: [[отпуще́ние]] [[грех|грехо́в]] | индульге́нция
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A pardon or release from the expectation of punishment in purgatory, after the sinner has been granted absolution.


lexentry: eng/indulgent__Adjective__1
written_rep: indulgent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потака́ющий | снисходи́тельный
sense_list:
Disposed or prone to indulge, humor, gratify, or yield to one's own or another's desires, etc., or to be compliant, lenient, or forbearing;


lexentry: eng/industrial_design__Noun__1
written_rep: industrial design
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: промы́шленный диза́йн
sense_list:
A process of design applied to products that are to be manufactured through techniques of mass production.


lexentry: eng/industrial_design_right__Noun__1
written_rep: industrial design right
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: промы́шленный образе́ц
sense_list:
(law) an intellectual property right that protects the visual design of objects that are not purely utilitarian


lexentry: eng/industrial_property__Noun__1
written_rep: industrial property
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: промышленная со́бственность
sense_list:
(legal) Intellectual property as used in commerce and industry, particularly patents and trademarks, as distinguished in some European legal systems from intellectual property as used in the arts.


lexentry: eng/industrial_strength__Adjective__1
written_rep: industrial strength
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индустрия
sense_list:
Made for use by businesses or manufacturers, as opposed to home consumers, and therefore typically larger, stronger, more difficult to operate, and less attractive in appearance.


lexentry: eng/industrialism__Noun__1
written_rep: industrialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индустриали́зм
sense_list:
The socio-economic system based upon the industrial production of manufactured goods, rather than on agriculture.


lexentry: eng/industrialization__Noun__1
written_rep: industrialization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индустриализа́ция
sense_list:
A process of social and economic change whereby a human society is transformed from a preindustrial to an industrial state.


lexentry: eng/inequality__Noun__1
written_rep: inequality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нера́венство
sense_list:
An unfair, not equal, state. | (mathematics) A statement that of two quantities one is specifically less than (or greater than) another. Symbol: < or \leq or > or \geq or \ne, as appropriate.


lexentry: eng/inertial_frame_of_reference__Noun__1
written_rep: inertial frame of reference
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инерциа́льная систе́ма отсчёта
sense_list:
(physics) A frame of reference that is stationary relative to a body moving at constant velocity and on which no force is being exerted.


lexentry: eng/inessive__Adjective__1
written_rep: inessive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инесси́вный
sense_list:
(grammar) Of or relating to the grammatical case that in some languages indicates the state of being in or inside a location.


lexentry: eng/inexpedient__Adjective__1
written_rep: inexpedient
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нецелесообра́зный
sense_list:
Not expedient; not tending to promote a purpose; not tending to the end desired; unsuitable to time and place


lexentry: eng/infamous__Adjective__1
written_rep: infamous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бессла́вный | печа́льно знамени́тый | печа́льно изве́стный | позо́рный
sense_list:
(UK, historical) Subject to a judicial punishment that deprived the infamous person of certain rights; this included a prohibition against holding public office, exercising the franchise, receiving a public pension, serving on a jury, or giving testimony in a court of law.


lexentry: eng/infant__Noun__1
written_rep: infant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дитя́ | младе́нец | новорождённый | ребёнок
sense_list:
A very young human being, from birth to somewhere between six months and two years of age after birth, needing almost constant care and attention.


lexentry: eng/infant_mortality_rate__Noun__1
written_rep: infant mortality rate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коэффицие́нт де́тской сме́ртности | коэффицие́нт младе́нческой сме́ртности
sense_list:
(geography) The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year of age for every 1,000 live births in a society.


lexentry: eng/infanticide__Noun__1
written_rep: infanticide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: детоуби́йство | детоубийство
sense_list:
(law, Canada) The criminal offence of killing of a newborn, committed by its mother while psychologically disturbed by the effects of childbirth or lactation, not regarded as murder.


lexentry: eng/infantry__Noun__1
written_rep: infantry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пехо́та | пехотинец | пехота
sense_list:
Soldiers who fight on foot (on land), as opposed to cavalry and other mounted units, regardless of external transport (e.g. airborne).


lexentry: eng/infantry__Noun__1
written_rep: infantry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пехо́та | пехота
sense_list:
(uncountable) The part of an army consisting of infantry soldiers, especially opposed to mounted and technical troops.


lexentry: eng/infantry_fighting_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: infantry fighting vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: БМП | боева́я маши́на пехо́ты
sense_list:
(military) An armoured combat vehicle designed to carry infantry soldiers and provide fire support for them.


lexentry: eng/infatuation__Noun__1
written_rep: infatuation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влюблённость | страсть | увлече́ние
sense_list:
An immensely strong love or sexual attraction. | (obsolete) The act of infatuating; the state of being infatuated; madness.


lexentry: eng/infect__Verb__1
written_rep: infect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заража́ть | зарази́ть | инфици́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring (the body or part of it) into contact with a substance that causes illness (a pathogen), so that the pathogen begins to act on the body; (of a pathogen) to come into contact with (a body or body part) and begin to act on it.


lexentry: eng/infect__Verb__1
written_rep: infect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: заража́ть | зарази́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To make somebody enthusiastic about one's own passion, or to communicate a feeling to others, or a feeling communicating itself to others.


lexentry: eng/infectious__Adjective__1
written_rep: infectious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зара́зный | инфекцио́нный
sense_list:
(pathology, of an illness) Caused by an agent that enters the host's body (such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or prion); often, also, transmitted among hosts via any of various routes (for example, contact, droplet-borne, airborne, waterborne, foodborne, fomite-borne, or bloodborne).


lexentry: eng/infectious_disease__Noun__1
written_rep: infectious disease
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфекционное заболевание
sense_list:
(medicine) An illness caused by a specific infectious agent (bacterium, virus, fungus, protozoa, prion etc.), that results from transmission of that agent from an infected person, animal, or reservoir to a susceptible host. | (medicine) A medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis, control and treatment of infections.


lexentry: eng/infer__Verb__1
written_rep: infer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вывести | заключить | сделать вывод | сделать заключение
sense_list:
(transitive) To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/inference__Noun__1
written_rep: inference
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вы́вод | заключе́ние
sense_list:
(countable) That which is inferred; a truth or proposition drawn from another which is admitted or supposed to be true; a conclusion; a deduction.


lexentry: eng/infestation__Noun__1
written_rep: infestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфеста́ция
sense_list:
The presence of a large number of pest organisms in an area or field, on the surface of a host or anything that might contact a host, or in the soil.


lexentry: eng/infidel__Noun__1
written_rep: infidel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инове́рец | неве́рный | неве́рующий
sense_list:
(now, usually, derogatory) One who does not believe in a certain religion. | (now, usually, derogatory) One who does not believe in a certain principle.


lexentry: eng/infidelity__Noun__1
written_rep: infidelity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неве́рность
sense_list:
Unfaithfulness in a marriage or an intimate (sexual or romantic) relationship: practice or instance of having a sexual or romantic affair with someone other than one's spouse, without the consent of the spouse.


lexentry: eng/infinite_series__Noun__1
written_rep: infinite series
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бесконе́чный ряд
sense_list:
(analysis) Any expression that represents the addition a countably infinite number of ordered summands, often explicitly indexed by the positive or nonnegative integers.


lexentry: eng/infinitesimal__Noun__1
written_rep: infinitesimal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бесконе́чно малая величина́
sense_list:
(mathematics) A non-zero quantity whose magnitude is smaller than any positive number (by definition it is not a real number).


lexentry: eng/infinitive__Noun__1
written_rep: infinitive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инфинити́в | неопределённая фо́рма | инфинитив
sense_list:
(grammar) A non-finite verb form considered neutral with respect to inflection; depending on language variously found used with auxiliary verbs, in subordinate clauses, or acting as a gerund, and often as the dictionary form.


lexentry: eng/infinity__Noun__1
written_rep: infinity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бесконе́чность
sense_list:
(countable, mathematics) A number that has an infinite numerical value that cannot be counted. | (uncountable) A number which is very large compared to some characteristic number. For example, in optics, an object which is much further away than the focal length of a lens is said to be "at infinity", as the distance of the image from the lens varies very little as the distance increases further.


lexentry: eng/infix__Noun__1
written_rep: infix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: и́нфикс | инфикс
sense_list:
(linguistics, proscribed) A morpheme that always appears between other morphemes in a word, such as -i- and -o- in English (i.e. an interfix).


lexentry: eng/inflame__Verb__1
written_rep: inflame
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: возбуждать
sense_list:
(transitive) To provoke (a person) to anger or rage; to exasperate; to irritate; to incense; to enrage.


lexentry: eng/inflammation__Noun__1
written_rep: inflammation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: воспале́ние | воспаление
sense_list:
(pathology) A condition of any part of the body, consisting of congestion of the blood vessels, with obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and pain.


lexentry: eng/inflation__Noun__1
written_rep: inflation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: расшире́ние
sense_list:
(cosmology) An extremely rapid expansion of the universe, theorized to have occurred very shortly after the Big Bang.


lexentry: eng/inflection__Noun__1
written_rep: inflection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: измене́ние фо́рмы сло́ва | оконча́ние | словоизмене́ние | фле́ксия
sense_list:
(grammar, uncountable) Change in the form of a word (morphologic change) to express different grammatical categories.


lexentry: eng/inflexible__Adjective__1
written_rep: inflexible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неги́бкий | негну́щийся | непрекло́нный | несгиба́емый
sense_list:
Not flexible; not capable of bending or being bent. | Not willing to change, e.g. one's opinion or habits. | Not able to be changed or adapted to circumstances.


lexentry: eng/inflorescence__Noun__1
written_rep: inflorescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соцве́тие | соцветие
sense_list:
(botany) Flower cluster; a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches.


lexentry: eng/influence__Noun__1
written_rep: influence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влия́ние | влия́тельность | возде́йствие
sense_list:
The power to affect, control or manipulate something or someone; the ability to change the development of fluctuating things such as conduct, thoughts or decisions.


lexentry: eng/influence__Verb__1
written_rep: influence
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влия́ть | возде́йствовать | де́йствовать | повлия́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To have an effect on by using gentle or subtle action; to exert an influence upon; to modify, bias, or sway; to persuade or induce.


lexentry: eng/influencer__Noun__1
written_rep: influencer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инфлюэ́нсер
sense_list:
(social media, marketing) A person who is able to influence consumption, lifestyle, and/or political preferences of their online audience by creating and/or engaging social media content, often as a part of a marketing campaign.


lexentry: eng/influenza__Noun__1
written_rep: influenza
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: грипп | инфлюэ́нца
sense_list:
(disease) An acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs, caused by a virus, which rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics.


lexentry: eng/inform__Verb__1
written_rep: inform
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: извести́ть | извеща́ть | информи́ровать | оповести́ть | оповеща́ть | проинформи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To give form or character to; to inspire (with a given quality); to affect, influence (with a pervading principle, idea etc.).


lexentry: eng/informatics__Noun__1
written_rep: informatics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информа́тика
sense_list:
(computing) A branch of information science and of computer science that focuses on the study of information processing, particularly with respect to systems integration and human interactions with machine and data.


lexentry: eng/information__Noun__1
written_rep: information
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: да́нные | инфа́ | информа́ция | све́дение
sense_list:
Things that are or can be known about a given topic; communicable knowledge of something. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/information_overload__Noun__1
written_rep: information overload
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нная перегру́зка
sense_list:
The inability to process everything one hears and sees; the availability or supply of too much information, or a state of stress which results.


lexentry: eng/information_retrieval__Noun__1
written_rep: information retrieval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нный по́иск
sense_list:
(information science) The science of searching for information in documents, searching for documents themselves, searching for metadata which describe documents, or searching within databases, whether relational stand-alone databases or hypertextually-networked databases such as the World Wide Web.


lexentry: eng/information_science__Noun__1
written_rep: information science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нная нау́ка
sense_list:
(applied science) A broad and interdisciplinary science that deals with the gathering, classification, storage, manipulation, retrieval and analysis of information as an organized resource.


lexentry: eng/information_society__Noun__1
written_rep: information society
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нное о́бщество
sense_list:
(sociology) A society where the creation, distribution, use, integration and manipulation of information is a significant economic, political, and cultural activity.


lexentry: eng/information_theory__Noun__1
written_rep: information theory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тео́рия информа́ции
sense_list:
(mathematics) A branch of applied mathematics and engineering involving the quantification of information sent over a communication channel, disregarding the meaning of the sent messages, exemplified by the noisy-channel coding theorem.


lexentry: eng/information_warfare__Noun__1
written_rep: information warfare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нная война́
sense_list:
The use and management of information in pursuit of an advantage over an opponent, such as propaganda, disinformation, and gathering assurances that one's own information is accurate.


lexentry: eng/infotainment__Noun__1
written_rep: infotainment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфотейнмент
sense_list:
A form of programming (cinematic, television, live action, etc.) that provides both information and entertainment; also known as soft news, the information in infotainment programming consists of mostly celebrity news and human drama. [from 1982]


lexentry: eng/infrared__Noun__1
written_rep: infrared
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфракра́сное излуче́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than visible light, but shorter than microwave radiation, having a wavelength between 700 nm and 1 mm.


lexentry: eng/infrasonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: infrasonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфразвуково́й
sense_list:
(of sound waves, acoustics) Having frequencies below the human audible range | (of a device) Generating or employing such sound waves


lexentry: eng/infrastructure__Noun__1
written_rep: infrastructure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфраструкту́ра | инфраструктура
sense_list:
(systems theory) An underlying base or foundation especially for an organization or system. [from 1887] | The basic facilities, services and installations needed for the functioning of a community or society.


lexentry: eng/infuse__Verb__1
written_rep: infuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: зава́ривать | завари́ть | наста́ивать | настоя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To steep in a liquid, so as to extract the soluble constituents (usually medicinal or herbal). | (transitive, obsolete) To pour in, as a liquid; to pour (into or upon); to shed.


lexentry: eng/infusion__Noun__1
written_rep: infusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зава́рка | насто́й
sense_list:
A product consisting of a liquid which has had other ingredients steeped in it to extract useful qualities.


lexentry: eng/infusion__Noun__1
written_rep: infusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: зава́ривание
sense_list:
The act of steeping or soaking a substance in liquid so as to extract medicinal or herbal qualities.


lexentry: eng/infusorium__Noun__1
written_rep: infusorium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфузо́рия
sense_list:
(biology) Any of the many minute aquatic creatures, such as protozoa and unicellular algae, found in freshwater habitats.


lexentry: eng/ingest__Verb__1
written_rep: ingest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глота́ть | загла́тывать | заса́сывать | поглоща́ть | прогла́тывать
sense_list:
(transitive) To take (a substance, e.g., food) into the body of an organism, especially through the mouth and into the gastrointestinal tract.


lexentry: eng/ingestion__Noun__1
written_rep: ingestion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потребление
sense_list:
The process of ingesting, or consuming something orally, whether it be food, drink, medicine, or other substance. It is usually referred to as the first step of digestion.


lexentry: eng/ingot__Noun__1
written_rep: ingot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: болва́нка | брусо́к | сли́ток | чу́шка
sense_list:
A solid block of more or less pure metal, often but not necessarily bricklike in shape and trapezoidal in cross-section, the result of pouring out and cooling molten metal, often immediately after smelting from raw ore or alloying from constituents.


lexentry: eng/ingress__Noun__1
written_rep: ingress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вход
sense_list:
A door or other means of entering. | (astronomy) The entrance of the Moon into the shadow of the Earth in eclipses, or the Sun's entrance into a sign, etc.


lexentry: eng/inhale__Verb__1
written_rep: inhale
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вдохну́ть | вдыха́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To draw air into the lungs, through the nose or mouth by action of the diaphragm. | (transitive) To draw air or any form of gas (either in a pure form, or mixed with small particles in form of aerosols/smoke -sometimes stemming from a medicament) into the lungs, through the nose or mouth by action of the diaphragm.


lexentry: eng/inhaler__Noun__1
written_rep: inhaler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ингаля́тор
sense_list:
(medicine) A device with a canister holding medicine (either in powder or gas form) which is sprayed and inhaled by the patient, often for treating asthma and other respiratory diseases.


lexentry: eng/inhere__Verb__1
written_rep: inhere
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: принадлежа́ть | явля́ться частью
sense_list:
(uncommon) To be inherent; to be an essential or intrinsic part of; to be fixed or permanently incorporated with something.


lexentry: eng/inherit__Verb__1
written_rep: inherit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: насле́довать | унасле́довать
sense_list:
(transitive) To take possession of as a right (especially in Biblical translations). | (transitive) To receive (property, a title, etc.), by legal succession or bequest after the previous owner's death. | (transitive, biology) To receive a characteristic from one's ancestors by genetic transmission. | (transitive) To derive from people or conditions previously in force. | (intransitive) To come into an inheritance.


lexentry: eng/inheritance__Noun__1
written_rep: inheritance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: насле́дование
sense_list:
The passing of title to an estate upon death. | (biology, genetic algorithms) The biological attributes passed hereditarily from ancestors to their offspring. | (programming, object-oriented) The mechanism whereby parts of a superclass are available to instances of its subclass.


lexentry: eng/inheritance_tax__Noun__1
written_rep: inheritance tax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нало́г на насле́дство
sense_list:
A tax based on the value of the property of a deceased person, and charged on the beneficiaries of the estate.


lexentry: eng/inhuman__Adjective__1
written_rep: inhuman
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антигума́нный | бесчелове́чный | жесто́кий | негума́нный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to inhumanity and the indifferently cruel, sadistic or barbaric behavior it brings.


lexentry: eng/iniquity__Noun__1
written_rep: iniquity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: просту́пок
sense_list:
(countable) An act of great injustice or unfairness; a sinful or wicked act; an unconscionable deed.


lexentry: eng/initial__Adjective__1
written_rep: initial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: исхо́дный | нача́льный | оригина́льный | пе́рвый | перви́чный | первонача́льный
sense_list:
Spatially first, placed at the beginning, in the first position; especially said of the first letter of a word.


lexentry: eng/initial__Noun__1
written_rep: initial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: инициа́ль
sense_list:
(phonology) onset, part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus in phonetics and phonology.


lexentry: eng/initial_public_offering__Noun__1
written_rep: initial public offering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перви́чное публи́чное предложе́ние
sense_list:
(business, finance) The first offering to members of the public of stock in a company, normally followed by a listing of that stock on a stock exchange.


lexentry: eng/initialism__Noun__1
written_rep: initialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инициальная аббревиатура
sense_list:
(linguistics) A term formed from the initial letters of several words or parts of words, which is itself pronounced letter by letter.


lexentry: eng/initialize__Verb__1
written_rep: initialize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инициализи́ровать
sense_list:
To assign initial values to something. | (computing) To assign an initial value to a variable. | (computing) To format a storage medium prior to use.


lexentry: eng/initiation__Noun__1
written_rep: initiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инициа́ция
sense_list:
The form or ceremony by which a person is introduced into any society; mode of entrance into an organized body; especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or order.


lexentry: eng/initiative__Noun__1
written_rep: initiative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инициати́ва | почи́н | инициатива
sense_list:
A beginning; a first move. | A new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem.


lexentry: eng/injection__Noun__1
written_rep: injection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: инъе́кция | инъекция
sense_list:
(category theory) A morphism from either one of the two components of a coproduct to that coproduct. | (set theory) A function that maps distinct x in the domain to distinct y in the codomain; formally, a f: X → Y such that f(a) = f(b) implies a = b for any a, b in the domain.


lexentry: eng/injection__Noun__1
written_rep: injection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: внедре́ние | инъекция
sense_list:
(computer security) The insertion of program code into an application, URL, hardware, etc.; especially when malicious or when the target is not designed for such insertion.


lexentry: eng/injective__Adjective__1
written_rep: injective
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инъекти́вный
sense_list:
(mathematics) of, relating to, or being an injection: such that each element of the image (or range) is associated with at most one element of the preimage (or domain); inverse-deterministic


lexentry: eng/injera__Noun__1
written_rep: injera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ындже́ра
sense_list:
A pancake-like flatbread made from fermented teff flour, a traditional food of Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Yemen, and the Nuer people of Sudan.


lexentry: eng/injunction__Noun__1
written_rep: injunction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: суде́бное постановле́ние
sense_list:
That which is enjoined; such as an order, mandate, decree, command, precept. | (legal) A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, in some cases, under statutes, by a court of law, whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.


lexentry: eng/injury_time__Noun__1
written_rep: injury time
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: добавленное вре́мя
sense_list:
(sports) Additional time played after each period of a game in order to compensate for stoppages due to player injuries; loosely extended to include time added on to compensate for all types of stoppages, i.e. synonymous with stoppage time.


lexentry: eng/ink__Noun__1
written_rep: ink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черни́ла | чернила
sense_list:
A pigment (or dye)-based fluid used for writing, printing etc. | The black or dark-colored fluid ejected by squid, octopus etc, as a protective strategy.


lexentry: eng/inkjet_printer__Noun__1
written_rep: inkjet printer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стру́йный при́нтер
sense_list:
(computer hardware) A device for the printing of documents which that operates by propelling tiny droplets of liquid ink onto paper.


lexentry: eng/inkwell__Noun__1
written_rep: inkwell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черни́льница | чернильница
sense_list:
A container for ink, designed and usually positioned so that a person may conveniently dip a pen into it whenever a refill is needed.


lexentry: eng/inland_sea__Noun__1
written_rep: inland sea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[внутренний|вну́треннее]] [[мо́ре]]
sense_list:
A large but relatively shallow expanse of water within a landmass, sometimes connected to the ocean.


lexentry: eng/inmate__Noun__1
written_rep: inmate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: жи́тель | жи́тельница | обита́тель | обита́тельница
sense_list:
A person who shares a residence (such as a hotel guest, a lodger, or a student living on campus), or other place.


lexentry: eng/inner__Adjective__1
written_rep: inner
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́тренний
sense_list:
Being or occurring (farther) inside, situated farther in, located (situated) or happening on the inside of something, situated within or farther within contained within something.


lexentry: eng/inner_city__Noun__1
written_rep: inner city
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: центр города
sense_list:
(urban studies) The central part of a city, especially an older, populous area of low-income or immigrant families as opposed to centrally-located commercial areas.


lexentry: eng/inner_ear__Noun__1
written_rep: inner ear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́треннее у́хо
sense_list:
(anatomy) The portion of the ear located within the temporal bone which includes the semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea and is responsible for hearing and balance.


lexentry: eng/inner_emigration__Noun__1
written_rep: inner emigration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: внутренняя эмиграция
sense_list:
(derogatory) The choice of some German writers to remain in Nazi Germany despite being opposed to Nazism.


lexentry: eng/inning__Noun__1
written_rep: inning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́ннинг
sense_list:
(baseball) A period of play in which members of a visiting baseball team attempt to hit a baseball pitched by the opposing home team until three players are called out, followed by a similar attempt by members of the home baseball team against the visiting team's pitching. There are nine or more innings in a regulation baseball game.


lexentry: eng/innocence__Noun__1
written_rep: innocence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: неви́нность | невинность
sense_list:
Lack of understanding about sensitive subjects such as sexuality and crime. | Lack of ability or intention to harm or damage.


lexentry: eng/inoculate__Verb__1
written_rep: inoculate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приви́ть | привива́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, immunology) To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease. [from c. 1722]


lexentry: eng/inoculation__Noun__1
written_rep: inoculation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вакцина́ция | инокуля́ция | приви́вка
sense_list:
(immunology) The introduction of an antigenic substance or vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease.


lexentry: eng/inorganic_chemistry__Noun__1
written_rep: inorganic chemistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неоргани́ческая хи́мия | неорганическая химия
sense_list:
(chemistry) The chemistry of the elements (including carbon), and those compounds that do not contain carbon.


lexentry: eng/inpatient__Noun__1
written_rep: inpatient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стациона́рный больно́й | стациона́рный пацие́нт
sense_list:
(healthcare) A patient whose treatment needs at least one night's residence in a hospital; a hospitalized patient.


lexentry: eng/inquiline__Noun__1
written_rep: inquiline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инквилин
sense_list:
(biology) An animal that lives commensally in the nest, burrow, gall, or dwelling place of an animal of another species.


lexentry: eng/inquiry__Noun__1
written_rep: inquiry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дозна́ние | запро́с | рассле́дование
sense_list:
The act of inquiring; a seeking of information by asking questions; interrogation; a question or questioning.


lexentry: eng/inroad__Noun__1
written_rep: inroad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нае́зд | наше́ствие
sense_list:
(military, also, figuratively) An advance into enemy territory, an attempted invasion; an encroachment, an incursion.


lexentry: eng/inscribe__Verb__1
written_rep: inscribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: начертать
sense_list:
(transitive) To write or cut (words) onto (something, especially a hard surface, or a book to be given to another person); to engrave.


lexentry: eng/inscribe__Verb__1
written_rep: inscribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: впи́сывать | вписа́ть
sense_list:
(geometry) To draw a circle, sphere, etc. inside a polygon, polyhedron, etc. and tangent to all its sides.


lexentry: eng/insect__Noun__1
written_rep: insect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бука́шка | козя́вка | насеко́мое | насекомое
sense_list:
An arthropod (in the Insecta class) characterized by six legs, up to four wings, and a chitinous exoskeleton.


lexentry: eng/insect__Noun__1
written_rep: insect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бука́шка | козя́вка
sense_list:
(colloquial) Any small arthropod similar to an insect, including spiders, centipedes, millipedes, etc.


lexentry: eng/insemination__Noun__1
written_rep: insemination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: оплодотворе́ние | осемене́ние
sense_list:
The introduction of sperm into a female’s reproductive system for the purpose of impregnating (making pregnant).


lexentry: eng/insert__Noun__1
written_rep: insert
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вкла́дыш | вкле́йка | вста́вка
sense_list:
An image inserted into text. | A promotional or instructive leaflet inserted into a magazine, newspaper, tape or disk package, etc.


lexentry: eng/inshallah__Interjection__1
written_rep: inshallah
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иншаалла́х | иншалла́х
sense_list:
(chiefly, Islam) Expressing the speaker’s wish for a given future event to occur, and also generally their emphasis on its contingency upon the divine will.


lexentry: eng/inside__Adjective__1
written_rep: inside
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́тренний
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to the inner surface, limit or boundary. | Nearer to the interior or centre of something. | Originating from, arranged by, or being someone inside an organisation.


lexentry: eng/inside__Adverb__1
written_rep: inside
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: внутри́ | внутрь
sense_list:
Within or towards the interior of something; within the scope or limits of something (a place), especially a building.


lexentry: eng/inside__Noun__1
written_rep: inside
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вну́тренности | нутро́
sense_list:
The side of a curved road, racetrack etc. that has the shorter arc length; the side of a racetrack nearer the interior of the course or some other point of reference.


lexentry: eng/insider__Noun__1
written_rep: insider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инса́йдер | свой челове́к
sense_list:
A person who has special knowledge about the inner workings of a group, organization, or institution.


lexentry: eng/insider_trading__Noun__1
written_rep: insider trading
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инса́йдерские торго́вые опера́ции с це́нными бума́гами | торго́вля инса́йдерской информа́цией
sense_list:
(finance) The illegal buying or selling of securities of a publicly held company by a person who has privileged access to information concerning the company's financial condition or plans.


lexentry: eng/insidiousness__Noun__1
written_rep: insidiousness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кова́рство
sense_list:
A surreptitious harmfulness, quality of entrapment, or treacherousness; the characteristic of being insidious.


lexentry: eng/insight__Noun__1
written_rep: insight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инса́йт | интроспе́кция
sense_list:
A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; frequently used with into.


lexentry: eng/insight__Noun__1
written_rep: insight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: инса́йт
sense_list:
(marketing) Knowledge (usually derived from consumer understanding) that a company applies in order to make a product or brand perform better and be more appealing to customers


lexentry: eng/insignia__Noun__1
written_rep: insignia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: знак отли́чия | знак разли́чия
sense_list:
A patch or other object that indicates a person's official or military rank, or membership in a group or organization.


lexentry: eng/insignia__Noun__1
written_rep: insignia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: значо́к | меда́ль | о́рден | эмбле́ма
sense_list:
A symbol or token of personal power, status, or office, or of an official body of government or jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/insinuate__Verb__1
written_rep: insinuate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: заи́скивать пе́ред | сниска́ть (чью-нибу́дь) ми́лость
sense_list:
(figurative, by extension) To ingratiate; to obtain access to or introduce something by subtle, cunning or artful means.


lexentry: eng/insinuation__Noun__1
written_rep: insinuation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инсинуа́ция
sense_list:
The act of gaining favor, affection, or influence, by gentle or artful means; — formerly used in a good sense, as of friendly influence or interposition.


lexentry: eng/insolvency__Noun__1
written_rep: insolvency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неплатёжеспосо́бность | несостоя́тельность
sense_list:
(finance) The condition of being insolvent; the state or condition of a person who is insolvent; the condition of one who is unable to pay his debts as they fall due, or in the usual course of trade and business.


lexentry: eng/inspect__Verb__1
written_rep: inspect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: осма́тривать | осмотре́ть
sense_list:
To examine critically or carefully; especially, to search out problems or determine condition; to scrutinize.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: inspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вдох | вдыха́ние
sense_list:
(physiology, uncountable) The drawing of air into the lungs, accomplished in mammals by elevation of the chest walls and flattening of the diaphragm, as part of the act of respiration.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: inspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вдохнове́ние
sense_list:
A supernatural divine influence on the prophets, apostles, or sacred writers, by which they were qualified to communicate moral or religious truth with authority; a supernatural influence which qualifies people to receive and communicate divine truth; also, the truth communicated.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: inspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: вдохнове́ние | вдохновение
sense_list:
The act of an elevating or stimulating influence upon the intellect, emotions or creativity. | A person, object, or situation which quickens or stimulates an influence upon the intellect, emotions or creativity.


lexentry: eng/inspire__Verb__1
written_rep: inspire
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вдохновля́ть | вдохнови́ть | внуша́ть | внуши́ть | воодушеви́ть | воодушевля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To infuse into the mind; to communicate to the spirit; to convey, as by a divine or supernatural influence; to disclose preternaturally; to produce in, as by inspiration.


lexentry: eng/inspire__Verb__1
written_rep: inspire
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вдохновля́ть | вдохнови́ть | воодушеви́ть | воодушевля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To infuse into; to affect, as with a superior or supernatural influence; to fill with what animates, enlivens or exalts; to communicate inspiration to.


lexentry: eng/instability__Noun__1
written_rep: instability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: непро́чность | неусто́йчивость
sense_list:
(physics, countable) A state that is not in equilibrium, or in which a small change has a large irreversible effect.


lexentry: eng/installation__Noun__1
written_rep: installation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: устано́вка | инсталля́ция | монта́ж | обору́дование
sense_list:
Something installed, especially the whole of a system of machines, apparatus, and accessories, when set up and arranged for practical working, as in electric lighting, transmission of power, etc.


lexentry: eng/installment__Noun__1
written_rep: installment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́пуск | часть
sense_list:
One of a series of parts, whether equal or unequal to the other parts of the series, of a given entity or a given process, which part presents or is presented at a particular scheduled interval.


lexentry: eng/installment__Noun__1
written_rep: installment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: взнос
sense_list:
(banking, finance) One member of a series of portions of a debt or sum of money, which portions may or may not be equated (depending in part on whether the interest rate is fixed or variable), payment of which portions are serially exacted at regularly scheduled intervals toward satisfaction of the total. Payments of installments are generally mensual, quarterly, triannual, biannual, or annual.


lexentry: eng/instance__Noun__1
written_rep: instance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: экземпля́р
sense_list:
(computing) A specific occurrence of something that is created or instantiated, such as a database, or an object of a class in object-oriented programming. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/instant_coffee__Noun__1
written_rep: instant coffee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: раствори́мый ко́фе
sense_list:
A beverage in the form of a powder, granules, or concentrated liquid, made from coffee and able to be quickly reconstituted by adding water.


lexentry: eng/instant_noodle__Noun__1
written_rep: instant noodle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[лапша́]] [[быстрый|бы́строго]] [[приготовление|приготовле́ния]]
sense_list:
(chiefly, in the plural) One of a mass of dried precooked noodles fused with oil, usually soaked in boiling water for a few minutes before being eaten.


lexentry: eng/instantaneous__Adjective__1
written_rep: instantaneous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мгнове́нный | момента́льный
sense_list:
Occurring, arising, or functioning without any delay; happening within an imperceptibly brief period of time. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/instantiate__Verb__1
written_rep: instantiate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инстанцировать
sense_list:
(transitive, object-oriented programming) To create an object (an instance) of a specific class. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/instar__Noun__1
written_rep: instar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: во́зраст
sense_list:
Any one of the several stages of postembryonic development which an arthropod undergoes, between molts, before it reaches sexual maturity. | An arthropod at a specified one of these stages of development.


lexentry: eng/instigation__Noun__1
written_rep: instigation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подстрека́тельство
sense_list:
The act of instigating, or the state of being instigated; incitement; especially to evil or wickedness.


lexentry: eng/instigator__Noun__1
written_rep: instigator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зачи́нщик | зачи́нщица | подстрека́тель | подстрека́тельница
sense_list:
A person who intentionally instigates, incites, or starts something, especially one that creates trouble.


lexentry: eng/institution__Noun__1
written_rep: institution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ве́домство | заведе́ние | институ́ция | организа́ция | учрежде́ние
sense_list:
A long established and respected organization, particularly one involved with education, public service, or charity work.


lexentry: eng/instructive__Noun__1
written_rep: instructive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инструкти́в | инструкти́вный паде́ж
sense_list:
(linguistics) A case in the Finnish and Estonian languages. It expresses the means or the instrument used to perform an action.


lexentry: eng/instructive_case__Noun__1
written_rep: instructive case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инструкти́в
sense_list:
(grammar) : noun case used to indicate means. It answers the question "how?", and in English, this is usually expressed by the prepositional phrase by means of, as in "by means of the house". Languages that use the instructive case include Finnish and (rarely) Estonian.


lexentry: eng/instrumental__Adjective__1
written_rep: instrumental
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: твори́тельный
sense_list:
(music) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for an instrument, especially a musical instrument (rather than the human voice).


lexentry: eng/instrumental_case__Noun__1
written_rep: instrumental case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: твори́тельный паде́ж | творительный падеж
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun case used to express means or agency—and is generally indicated in English by by or with with the objective. Languages that use the instrumental case include Armenian, Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Dyirbal, Georgian, Latvian, Slovene, Polish, Ukrainian, Quechua, Russian, Assamese, Turkish and Sanskrit. Extinct languages that used the instrumental case include Old English, Old Saxon and Old High German.


lexentry: eng/insubordination__Noun__1
written_rep: insubordination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неповинове́ние | неподчине́ние | непоко́рность | ослуша́ние
sense_list:
The quality or state of being insubordinate; disobedience to lawful authority; specifically, an employee's failure or refusal to comply with a request or an assignment given by his/her supervisor.


lexentry: eng/insular__Adjective__1
written_rep: insular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: островно́й
sense_list:
Situated on an island. | (linguistics, anthropology) (often with a capital letter) Relating to the varieties of a language or languages spoken chiefly on islands. Insular Latin, Latin as it was spoken in Britain and Ireland. Insular Celtic, the Celtic languages of Britain, Ireland and also Brittany, as opposed to those spoken in mainland Europe other than Brittany. Insular Scandinavian, relating to the Icelandic and Faroese languages as opposed to the ones spoken in Sweden, Denmark and Norway.


lexentry: eng/insular__Adjective__1
written_rep: insular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: за́мкнутый | изоли́рованный | огоро́женный | ограни́ченный
sense_list:
Separate or isolated from the surroundings; having little interaction with external parties; provincial.


lexentry: eng/insulate__Verb__1
written_rep: insulate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоли́ровать | изолировать
sense_list:
To separate a body or material from others, e.g. by non-conductors to prevent the transfer of electricity, heat, etc.


lexentry: eng/insulation__Noun__1
written_rep: insulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изоли́рование | изоля́ция
sense_list:
The act of insulating; detachment from other objects; isolation. | (engineering) The act of separating a body from others by nonconductors, so as to prevent the transfer of electricity, heat, or sound


lexentry: eng/insulation__Noun__1
written_rep: insulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: изоля́тор | изоля́ция
sense_list:
(electricity) a medium in which it is possible to maintain an electrical field with little supply of energy from additional sources.


lexentry: eng/insulator__Noun__1
written_rep: insulator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изоля́тор
sense_list:
A substance that does not transmit heat (thermal insulator), sound (acoustic insulator) or electricity (electrical insulator). | A non-conductive structure, coating or device that does not transmit sound, heat or electricity (see image)


lexentry: eng/insult__Noun__1
written_rep: insult
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оскорбле́ние | оби́да
sense_list:
(uncountable) Action or form of speech deliberately intended to be rude; (countable) a particular act or statement having this effect.


lexentry: eng/insult__Verb__1
written_rep: insult
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оби́деть | обижа́ть | оскорби́ть | оскорбля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To be insensitive, insolent, or rude to (somebody); to affront or demean (someone). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/insurance_policy__Noun__1
written_rep: insurance policy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: страхово́й по́лис
sense_list:
(insurance) A legal document outlining a particular insurance cover for an insured entity for a given risk.


lexentry: eng/insure__Verb__1
written_rep: insure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: застрахо́вывать | застрахова́ть | страхова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To provide for compensation if some specified risk occurs. Often agreed by policy (contract) to offer financial compensation in case of an accident, theft or other undesirable event.


lexentry: eng/insurgent__Noun__1
written_rep: insurgent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бунтовщи́к | инсурге́нт | мяте́жник | повста́нец
sense_list:
One of several people who take up arms against the local state authority; a participant in insurgency.


lexentry: eng/insurrection__Noun__1
written_rep: insurrection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бунт | восста́ние | мяте́ж
sense_list:
(uncountable) The action of part or all of a national population violently rising up against the government or other authority; (countable) an instance of this; a revolt, an uprising; specifically, one that is at an initial stage or limited in nature.


lexentry: eng/intangible_asset__Noun__1
written_rep: intangible asset
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: невеще́ственный акти́в | нематериа́льный акти́в | неосяза́емый акти́в
sense_list:
(business, accounting) Any valuable property of a business that is not a physical by nature, including intellectual property, customer lists, and goodwill. Intangible assets may or may not be shown on the balance sheet.


lexentry: eng/integer__Noun__1
written_rep: integer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: це́лое | це́лое число́
sense_list:
(arithmetic) A number that is not a fraction; an element of the infinite and numerable set {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}.


lexentry: eng/integral__Noun__1
written_rep: integral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́л | интеграл
sense_list:
(mathematics) One of the two fundamental operations of calculus (the other being differentiation), whereby a function's displacement, area, volume, or other qualities arising from the study of infinitesimal change are quantified, usually defined as a limiting process on a sequence of partial sums. Denoted using a long s: ∫, or a variant thereof.


lexentry: eng/integral_calculus__Noun__1
written_rep: integral calculus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́льное исчисле́ние | интегральное исчисление
sense_list:
(calculus) The calculus that generalizes summation to find areas, masses, volumes, sums, and totals of quantities described by continuously varying functions.


lexentry: eng/integral_equation__Noun__1
written_rep: integral equation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́льное уравне́ние
sense_list:
(mathematics) An equation involving a function f(x) and integrals of that function to be solved for f(x)


lexentry: eng/integrated_circuit__Noun__1
written_rep: integrated circuit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́льная схе́ма
sense_list:
(semiconductors) A thin chip, usually of silicon, consisting of at least two interconnected semiconductor devices, mainly transistors.


lexentry: eng/integration__Noun__1
written_rep: integration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́ция | интеграция
sense_list:
The act or process of making whole or entire. | (society) The process of fitting into a community, notably applied to minorities.


lexentry: eng/integration__Noun__1
written_rep: integration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: интегри́рование
sense_list:
(biology) In evolution, the process by which the manifold is compacted into the relatively simple and permanent; supposed to alternate with differentiation as an agent in species' development.


lexentry: eng/integration_by_parts__Noun__1
written_rep: integration by parts
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегри́рование по частя́м
sense_list:
(analysis) A method of integration directly related to the rule for differentiation of products; can be written as \int u\ dv = uv - \int v\ du.


lexentry: eng/intellect__Noun__1
written_rep: intellect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интелле́кт | ра́зум | ум
sense_list:
(uncountable) The faculty of thinking, judging, abstract reasoning, and conceptual understanding; the cognitive faculty.


lexentry: eng/intellectual_property__Noun__1
written_rep: intellectual property
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интеллектуа́льная со́бственность | интеллектуальная собственность
sense_list:
(uncountable) Any product of someone's intellect that has commercial value: a piece of literature, a painting, an invention, a trademark, a trade secret, etc. Works protected under intellectual property law, and accorded intellectual property rights such as copyrights and patents.


lexentry: eng/intellectualism__Noun__1
written_rep: intellectualism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интеллектуали́зм
sense_list:
The use or development of the intellect. | (philosophy) The doctrine that knowledge is derived from pure reason.


lexentry: eng/intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ум | интелле́кт | интеллиге́нтность | ра́зум | рассу́док
sense_list:
(mostly, uncountable) The quality of making use or having made use of such capacities: depth of understanding, mental quickness.


lexentry: eng/intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: разве́дка | разве́дывательные да́нные | разведда́нные | разведслу́жба | све́дения
sense_list:
(countable) A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.


lexentry: eng/intelligence_agency__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence agency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разве́дка | разве́дывательная слу́жба | специа́льная слу́жба
sense_list:
A governmental agency that is devoted to the information gathering (known in the context as "intelligence") for purposes of national security and defense.


lexentry: eng/intelligence_quotient__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence quotient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коэффицие́нт интелле́кта | IQ | ай-кью́
sense_list:
A score derived from one of several different standardized tests attempting to measure a person's intelligence relative to that of the general population, with the average usually calibrated to a number around 100.


lexentry: eng/intelligent_design__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: intelligent design
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разу́мный за́мысел
sense_list:
The belief that biological life on Earth, or more broadly, the universe as a whole, was created by an intelligent agent (specified or unspecified) rather than being the result of undirected natural processes.


lexentry: eng/intend__Verb__1
written_rep: intend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: намерева́ться | плани́ровать | собира́ться
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, usually followed by particle "to" + verb, or "on"/"upon" + noun) To fix the mind upon (something, or something to be accomplished); be intent upon


lexentry: eng/intendment__Noun__1
written_rep: intendment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: закон | законодатель | наме́рение | понима́ние
sense_list:
(legal) the sense in which the legal system interprets something, especially the intention of legislation


lexentry: eng/intense__Adjective__1
written_rep: intense
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: стра́стный
sense_list:
Of feelings, thoughts, etc.: strongly focused; ardent, deep, earnest, passionate. | Of a person: very emotional or passionate.


lexentry: eng/intensifier__Noun__1
written_rep: intensifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: усилитель
sense_list:
That which intensifies. | (photography) A chemical agent used to intensify the lights or shadows of a photograph.


lexentry: eng/intensive_care__Noun__1
written_rep: intensive care
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[интенси́вный]] [[ухо́д]] | [[интенсивный|интенси́вная]] [[терапи́я]] | реанима́ция
sense_list:
(medicine) The support and monitoring of critically ill patients, especially by the use of instrumentation and specialized staff and equipment.


lexentry: eng/intensive_care_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: intensive care unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отделе́ние реанима́ции и интенси́вной терапи́и
sense_list:
A hospital ward into which critically ill patients, in danger of dying, are admitted and closely monitored (abbreviation: ICU).


lexentry: eng/intentionality__Noun__1
written_rep: intentionality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: преднаме́ренность | целенапра́вленность
sense_list:
(philosophy) The characteristic of a mental state whereby it is about something, which relates to mental states in an analogous way as meaning relates to a word.


lexentry: eng/interaction__Noun__1
written_rep: interaction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: взаимоде́йствие
sense_list:
The situation or occurrence in which two or more objects or events act upon one another to produce a new effect; the effect resulting from such a situation or occurrence.


lexentry: eng/interactive__Adjective__1
written_rep: interactive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интеракти́вный | взаимоде́йствующий
sense_list:
Interacting with or communicating with and reacting to each other; influencing or having an effect on each other; acting or capable of acting on each other or with the other.


lexentry: eng/interactome__Noun__1
written_rep: interactome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интеракто́м
sense_list:
(biology) All the interactions between biological entities in cells and organisms considered as a whole.


lexentry: eng/intercalary__Adjective__1
written_rep: intercalary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: високо́сный
sense_list:
(botany) of a meristem: situated between zones of permanent tissue, thus a shoot growing at the base of a leaf, in comparison with apical growth at the tip of a root or plant.


lexentry: eng/intercept__Verb__1
written_rep: intercept
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: перехва́тывать | перехвати́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, American football) Of a defensive player: to steal a pass thrown by the opposing team, gaining possession of the ball. | (transitive, sports) To gain possession of (the ball) in a ball game.


lexentry: eng/interchange__Noun__1
written_rep: interchange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: у́зел
sense_list:
(countable) A junction in which traffic may merge to enter or diverge to exit a limited-access highway to access a surface street, without crossing traffic on the main highway.


lexentry: eng/interchange__Noun__1
written_rep: interchange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: переса́дка | развя́зка | у́зел
sense_list:
(rail transport, countable) A connection between two or more lines, services or modes of transport; a station at which such a connection can be made.


lexentry: eng/intercom__Noun__1
written_rep: intercom
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: An electronic communication system, especially one between rooms in a building.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[внутренний|вну́тренняя]] связь | [[переговорный|перегово́рное]] [[устро́йство]] | [[систе́ма]] [[двусторонний|двусторо́нней]] [[связь|свя́зи]] | домофо́н | интерко́м


lexentry: eng/interconfessional__Adjective__1
written_rep: interconfessional
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: межконфессиона́льный
sense_list:
(religion) Taking place between religious organisations that have different systems of formulated theology (confessions of faith)


lexentry: eng/intercontinental_ballistic_missile__Noun__1
written_rep: intercontinental ballistic missile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[межконтинентальный|межконтинента́льная]] [[баллистический|баллисти́ческая]] [[раке́та]] | МБР
sense_list:
(military, rocketry) A class of long-range missiles associated especially with carrying nuclear warheads.


lexentry: eng/interdict__Noun__1
written_rep: interdict
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интердикт
sense_list:
A papal decree prohibiting the administration of the sacraments from a political entity under the power of a single person (e.g., a king or an oligarchy with similar powers). Extreme unction/Anointing of the Sick is excepted.


lexentry: eng/interdict__Verb__1
written_rep: interdict
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: сдерживать
sense_list:
(transitive, US, military) To impede (an enemy); to interrupt or destroy (enemy communications, supply lines etc). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/interdisciplinary__Adjective__1
written_rep: interdisciplinary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междисциплина́рный | междисциплинарный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to multiple distinct academic disciplines or fields of study. | Of or pertaining to a linkage between multiple distinct academic disciplines or fields of study.


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проце́нт | ставка
sense_list:
(uncountable, finance) The price paid for obtaining, or price received for providing, money or goods in a credit transaction, calculated as a fraction of the amount or value of what was borrowed. [from earlier 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: интере́с | интерес
sense_list:
(uncountable) A great attention and concern from someone or something; intellectual curiosity. [from later 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: интере́с
sense_list:
(uncountable) Attention that is given to or received from someone or something. | (countable) An involvement, claim, right, share, stake in or link with a financial, business, or other undertaking or endeavor.


lexentry: eng/interest__Verb__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заинтересова́ть | интересова́ть | заинтересова́ться | интересова́ться
sense_list:
(obsolete, often, _, impersonal) To be concerned with or engaged in; to affect; to concern; to excite.


lexentry: eng/interest_rate__Noun__1
written_rep: interest rate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проце́нтная ста́вка
sense_list:
(finance) The percentage of an amount of money charged for its use per some period of time (often a year).


lexentry: eng/interface__Noun__1
written_rep: interface
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерфе́йс
sense_list:
The point of interconnection or contact between entities. | (computing) The point of interconnection between systems or subsystems. | (computing) The connection between a user and a machine. | (computing, object-oriented) In object-oriented programming, a piece of code defining a set of operations that other code must implement. | (object-oriented programming) In some languages, a block of code declaring the interface (point of interconnection) between a class and code that interacts with it.


lexentry: eng/interferometer__Noun__1
written_rep: interferometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерферометр
sense_list:
(physics) any of several instruments that use the interference of waves to determine wavelengths and wave velocities, determine refractive indices, measure small distances, temperature changes, stresses, and many other useful measurements.


lexentry: eng/interferon__Noun__1
written_rep: interferon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерферо́н | интерферон
sense_list:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of glycoproteins, produced by the immune system, that prevent viral replication in infected cells.


lexentry: eng/interfix__Noun__1
written_rep: interfix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерфикс | соединительный аффикс
sense_list:
(linguistic morphology) A morph inserted between two morphemes in the process of word formation, such as the empty morphs English -i- and -o-.


lexentry: eng/interior__Adjective__1
written_rep: interior
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́тренний
sense_list:
Within any limits, enclosure, or substance; inside; internal; inner. | Remote from the limits, frontier, or shore; inland.


lexentry: eng/interjection__Noun__1
written_rep: interjection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: восклица́ние | междоме́тие | междометие
sense_list:
(grammar) An exclamation or filled pause; a word or phrase with no particular grammatical relation to a sentence, often an expression of emotion.


lexentry: eng/interlanguage__Noun__1
written_rep: interlanguage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интер-язы́к
sense_list:
A language generated by a student of a foreign language that incorporates aspects of their native language and the target language.


lexentry: eng/interleave__Verb__1
written_rep: interleave
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: проставля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To intersperse (something) at regular intervals between the parts of a thing or between items in a group.


lexentry: eng/interloper__Noun__1
written_rep: interloper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нахал
sense_list:
One who interferes, intrudes or gets involved where not welcome, particularly a self-interested intruder.


lexentry: eng/interlude__Noun__1
written_rep: interlude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерлю́дия
sense_list:
An intervening episode, etc. | An entertainment between the acts of a play. | (music) A short piece put between the parts of a longer composition.


lexentry: eng/intermediate_value_theorem__Noun__1
written_rep: intermediate value theorem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: теоре́ма Больца́но-Коши́ | теоре́ма о промежу́точном значе́нии
sense_list:
(calculus) A theorem that states for each value between the least upper bound and greatest lower bound of the image of a continuous function there is a corresponding point in its domain that the function maps to that value.


lexentry: eng/intermezzo__Noun__1
written_rep: intermezzo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерме́дия | интерме́ццо
sense_list:
(music, arts) A short piece of music or act in the interval of the main spectacle; a theatrical interlude.


lexentry: eng/intermission__Noun__1
written_rep: intermission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антра́кт | па́уза | переме́на | переры́в
sense_list:
A break, especially between two performances or sessions, such as at a concert, play, seminar, or religious assembly.


lexentry: eng/intermittent__Adjective__1
written_rep: intermittent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пересыха́ющий
sense_list:
(specifically, geology, of a body of water) Existing only for certain seasons; that is, being dry for part of the year.


lexentry: eng/intern__Verb__2
written_rep: intern
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(intransitive) To work as an intern, usually with little or no pay or other legal prerogatives of employment, and for the purpose of furthering a program of education.

trans_list:
[[пройти́]] [[практика|пра́ктику]]/[[стажировка|стажиро́вку]] | [[проходи́ть]] [[практика|пра́ктику]]/[[стажировка|стажиро́вку]]


lexentry: eng/internal_combustion__Noun__1
written_rep: internal combustion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́треннее сгора́ние
sense_list:
The process where fuel is burned within an engine such as a diesel engine, producing power directly as opposed to externally such as in a steam engine.


lexentry: eng/internal_combustion_engine__Noun__1
written_rep: internal combustion engine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: дви́гатель вну́треннего сгора́ния
sense_list:
A heat engine in which intermittent or the continuous burning of a fuel takes place inside a combustion chamber; the resulting pressurized gas acts directly on the engine to do useful work, such as a piston engine, gas turbine, jet engine or rocket.


lexentry: eng/international__Adjective__1
written_rep: international
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интернациона́льный | междунаро́дный | международный
sense_list:
common to, or affecting, two or more nations. | Of or concerning the association called the International.


lexentry: eng/international_law__Noun__1
written_rep: international law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междунаро́дное пра́во
sense_list:
Set of rules generally regarded and accepted as binding in relations between states and between nations, serving as a framework for the practice of stable and organized international relations.


lexentry: eng/international_organization__Noun__1
written_rep: international organization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междунаро́дная организа́ция
sense_list:
(international law) An organisation established by a treaty or other instrument governed by international law and possessing its own international legal personality.


lexentry: eng/international_waters__Noun__1
written_rep: international waters
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междунаро́дные во́ды | нейтра́льные во́ды | откры́тое мо́ре
sense_list:
(international law) Those parts of the ocean that are not legally recognized as being under the jurisdiction of any national government.


lexentry: eng/internationalization__Noun__1
written_rep: internationalization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интернационализа́ция
sense_list:
The conversion of something in order to make it international. | (software engineering) The act or process of making a product suitable for international markets, typically by making text messages easily translatable and ensuring support of non-Latin character sets, languages, and regions.


lexentry: eng/interoperability__Noun__1
written_rep: interoperability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интероперабельность | переносимость | совмести́мость | функциональная совмести́мость
sense_list:
The capability of a product or system, to interact and function with others reciprocally. | (military) The capacity for a service, piece of equipment etc., to be operated by different forces or groups.


lexentry: eng/interpellate__Verb__1
written_rep: interpellate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заговорить
sense_list:
(obsolete) To interrupt (someone) so as to inform or question (that person about something). | (transitive, chiefly, politics) To question (someone) formally concerning official or governmental policy or business.


lexentry: eng/interpellation__Noun__1
written_rep: interpellation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерпелляция
sense_list:
(politics) The act of interpellating (questioning); the period in which government officials are questioned about and explain an act, a policy or a point raised during a debate.


lexentry: eng/interpolate__Verb__1
written_rep: interpolate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерполировать
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To introduce (something) between other things; especially to insert (possibly spurious) words into a text.


lexentry: eng/interpolation__Noun__1
written_rep: interpolation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерполя́ция
sense_list:
(music) An abrupt change in elements, with continuation of the first idea. | (mathematics, science) The process of estimating the value of a function at a point from its values at nearby points. | (computing) The process of including and processing externally-fetched data in a document or program; see interpolate.


lexentry: eng/interposition__Noun__1
written_rep: interposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: передача
sense_list:
The act of interposing, or the state of being interposed; a being, placing, or coming between; mediation.


lexentry: eng/interpret__Verb__1
written_rep: interpret
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перевести́ | переводи́ть
sense_list:
To decode the meaning of a topic and then act, whether to continue researching the topic, follow through, act in opposition, or further the understanding through sharing an interpretation.


lexentry: eng/interpret__Verb__1
written_rep: interpret
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: интерпрети́ровать | истолкова́ть | объясни́ть | объясня́ть | толкова́ть
sense_list:
To explain or tell the meaning of; to translate orally into intelligible or familiar language or terms. applied especially to language, but also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries, etc.


lexentry: eng/interpretation__Noun__1
written_rep: interpretation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: у́стный перево́д
sense_list:
(uncountable, linguistics, translation studies) The discipline or study of translating one spoken or signed language into another (as opposed to translation, which concerns itself with written language).


lexentry: eng/interpreter__Noun__1
written_rep: interpreter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
A person who converts spoken or signed language into a different language for the benefit of one or more others who do not understand the first language being used (especially if in real time or shortly after that person has finished communicating). (Contrasted with translator.)

trans_list:
[[у́стный]] [[перево́дчик]] | [[устный|у́стная]] [[перево́дчица]] | перево́дчик | перево́дчица | толма́ч | толма́чка


lexentry: eng/interpreter__Noun__1
written_rep: interpreter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: интерпрета́тор | переводчик
sense_list:
(computing) A program that executes another program written in a high-level language by reading the instructions in real time rather than by compiling it in advance.


lexentry: eng/interrobang__Noun__1
written_rep: interrobang
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вопроца́тельный знак | интерроба́нг
sense_list:
The nonstandard punctuation mark ‽ (a combination of ? and !), which may be used at the end of a sentence to express excitement or disbelief, or to indicate that it is a rhetorical question. [from 1962.]


lexentry: eng/interrogative_pronoun__Noun__1
written_rep: interrogative pronoun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вопроси́тельное местоиме́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A pronoun used in a question. In English, the five interrogative pronouns are what, which, who, whom, and whose (also used as relative pronouns). These require no antecedent.


lexentry: eng/interrupt__Noun__1
written_rep: interrupt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прерывание
sense_list:
(computing, electronics) An event that causes a computer or other device to temporarily cease what it was doing and attend to a condition.


lexentry: eng/interrupt__Verb__1
written_rep: interrupt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вме́шиваться | вмеша́ться | меша́ть | оборва́ть | обрыва́ть | переби́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To disturb or halt (an ongoing process or action, or the person performing it) by interfering suddenly, especially by speaking.


lexentry: eng/intersection__Noun__1
written_rep: intersection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пересече́ние
sense_list:
(geometry) The point or set of points common to two geometrical objects (such as the point where two lines meet or the line where two planes intersect). | (set theory) The set containing all the elements that are common to two or more sets.


lexentry: eng/intersectionality__Noun__1
written_rep: intersectionality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: интерсекциона́льность
sense_list:
The study of (or a sociological methodology of studying) overlapping or intersecting social identities and related systems of oppression, domination, or discrimination.


lexentry: eng/intersex__Adjective__1
written_rep: intersex
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерсексуа́льный
sense_list:
(of an individual) Having any of a variety of inherent conditions (in a species with distinct sexes) in which one's sex characteristics differ from those of a typical male and female; for example, having sex characteristics relating to both male and female sexes.


lexentry: eng/intersexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: intersexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерсексуа́льность
sense_list:
The state of having the physical features of both sexes, or of having ambiguous sex, i.e. not unambiguously male or female.


lexentry: eng/interstate__Adverb__1
written_rep: interstate
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междушта́тный | межшта́тный
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, and, Australia) Crossing states (usually provincial state, but also e.g. multinational sense).


lexentry: eng/interstice__Noun__1
written_rep: interstice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зазо́р | промежу́ток | расще́лина
sense_list:
A small opening or space between objects, especially adjacent objects or objects set closely together, as between cords in a rope or components of a multiconductor electrical cable or between atoms in a crystal.


lexentry: eng/interstice__Noun__1
written_rep: interstice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: промежу́ток
sense_list:
An interval of time required by the Roman Catholic Church between the attainment of different degrees of an order.


lexentry: eng/interstitial__Noun__1
written_rep: interstitial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вста́вка
sense_list:
(Internet, advertising) A web page, usually carrying advertising, displayed when leaving one content page for another.


lexentry: eng/interval__Noun__1
written_rep: interval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: интерва́л | интервал
sense_list:
(music) The difference (a ratio or logarithmic measure) in pitch between two notes, often referring to those two pitches themselves (otherwise known as a dyad).


lexentry: eng/intervene__Verb__1
written_rep: intervene
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: вмешаться | вмешиваться
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To say (something) in the middle of a conversation or discussion between other people, or to respond to a situation involving other people.


lexentry: eng/interview__Noun__1
written_rep: interview
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: интервью́ | интервью
sense_list:
A conversation in person (or, by extension, over the telephone, Internet etc.) between a journalist and someone whose opinion or statements he or she wishes to record for publication, broadcast etc. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/interwar__Adjective__1
written_rep: interwar
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: межвое́нный
sense_list:
During or relating to the period of time between two wars, especially the two World Wars (1919–1939).


lexentry: eng/intestine__Noun__1
written_rep: intestine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кише́чник | кишка́ | чре́во
sense_list:
(anatomy, often pluralized) The alimentary canal of an animal through which food passes after having passed all stomachs.


lexentry: eng/intestine__Noun__1
written_rep: intestine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кише́чник | кишка́
sense_list:
One of certain subdivisions of this part of the alimentary canal, such as the small or large intestine in human beings.


lexentry: eng/intifada__Noun__1
written_rep: intifada
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интифа́да
sense_list:
An insurrection; a usually violent attempt to take control of a government. | An uprising, resistant struggle or rebellious protest, especially the Palestinian uprisings against Israel.


lexentry: eng/intimacy__Noun__1
written_rep: intimacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бли́зость | инти́мность
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) Feeling or atmosphere of closeness and openness towards someone else, often but not necessarily involving sexuality.


lexentry: eng/intimidate__Verb__1
written_rep: intimidate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: запу́гивать | запуга́ть | испуга́ть | пуга́ть | устраша́ть | устраши́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To make timid or afraid; to cause to feel fear or nervousness; to deter, especially by threats of violence


lexentry: eng/into__Preposition__1
written_rep: into
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: в
sense_list:
Against, especially with force or violence. | (mathematics) Expressing the operation of division, with the denominator given first. Usually with "goes".


lexentry: eng/intolerant__Adjective__1
written_rep: intolerant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: нетерпи́мый | нетолера́нтный
sense_list:
Not tolerant; close-minded about new or different ideas; indisposed to tolerate contrary opinions or beliefs; impatient of dissent or opposition; denying or refusing the right of private opinion or choice in others; inclined to persecute or suppress dissent.


lexentry: eng/intractable__Adjective__1
written_rep: intractable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: тру́дный | трудная
sense_list:
(maths) (of a mathematical problem) Not able to be solved in polynomial time; too difficult to attempt to solve.


lexentry: eng/intrauterine_device__Noun__1
written_rep: intrauterine device
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ВМС | внутрима́точная спира́ль | спира́ль
sense_list:
A contraceptive device consisting of a spiral or similar shape of plastic or metal inserted through the vagina into the uterus in order to prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg.


lexentry: eng/intrigue__Noun__1
written_rep: intrigue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интри́га | интрига
sense_list:
A complicated or clandestine plot or scheme intended to effect some purpose by secret artifice; conspiracy; stratagem.


lexentry: eng/intrigue__Noun__1
written_rep: intrigue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сюже́т | фа́була
sense_list:
The plot of a play, poem or romance; the series of complications in which a writer involves their imaginary characters.


lexentry: eng/intrinsic__Adjective__1
written_rep: intrinsic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: составляющий
sense_list:
(anatomy, of a body part) Situated, produced, secreted in, or coming from inside an organ, tissue, muscle or member.


lexentry: eng/intrinsic_value__Noun__1
written_rep: intrinsic value
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: собственное значение
sense_list:
the real value of something within itself, which may not take into account its market value or face value.


lexentry: eng/introit__Noun__1
written_rep: introit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интро́ит
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism, music) A prayer, typically part of a psalm or other portion of the Bible, read or sung at the start of Mass while or immediately after the priest ascends to the altar.


lexentry: eng/intron__Noun__1
written_rep: intron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интро́н
sense_list:
(genetics) A portion of a split gene that is included in pre-RNA transcripts but is removed during RNA processing and rapidly degraded.


lexentry: eng/introspection__Noun__1
written_rep: introspection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интроспе́кция | самоана́лиз | самонаблюде́ние
sense_list:
(psychology) A looking inward; specifically, the act or process of self-examination, or inspection of one's own thoughts and feelings; the cognition which the mind has of its own acts and states


lexentry: eng/introvert__Noun__1
written_rep: introvert
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интрове́рт
sense_list:
(zoology) An organ or other body part that is or can be turned inside out, especially an anterior portion of some annelid worms capable of retraction. | (psychology) An introverted person: one who is considered more thoughtful than social, with a personality more inwardly than outwardly directed; one who often prefers to have time in non-social situations.


lexentry: eng/intrude__Verb__1
written_rep: intrude
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вторга́ться | меша́ть | навя́зываться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To thrust oneself in; to come or enter without invitation, permission, or welcome; to encroach; to trespass.


lexentry: eng/intrusive__Adjective__1
written_rep: intrusive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: навя́зчивый | вторгаться | назо́йливый
sense_list:
Tending to intrude; doing that which is not welcome; interrupting or disturbing; entering without permission or welcome.


lexentry: eng/intrusive__Adjective__1
written_rep: intrusive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: интрузи́вный
sense_list:
(geology) Of rocks: forced, while in a plastic or molten state, into the cavities or between the cracks or layers of other rocks.


lexentry: eng/intuitionism__Noun__1
written_rep: intuitionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интуитиви́зм
sense_list:
(mathematics) An approach to mathematics/logic which avoids proof by contradiction, and which requires that, in order to prove that something exists, one must construct it.


lexentry: eng/inure__Verb__1
written_rep: inure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приучать
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause someone to become accustomed to something that requires prolonged or repeated tolerance of one or more unpleasantries. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/invalid__Noun__1
written_rep: invalid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инвали́д | инвали́дка
sense_list:
(dated, sometimes, offensive) Any person with a disability or illness. | (dated, sometimes, offensive) A person who is confined to home or bed because of illness, disability or injury; one who is too sick or weak to care for themselves.


lexentry: eng/invasion__Noun__1
written_rep: invasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вторже́ние | наше́ствие
sense_list:
A military action consisting of armed forces of one geopolitical entity entering territory controlled by another such entity, generally with the objective of conquering territory or altering the established government.


lexentry: eng/inveigh__Verb__1
written_rep: inveigh
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оскорбля́ть | поносить | руга́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive, with against or occasionally about, formerly also with on, at, upon) To complain loudly, to give voice to one's censure or criticism [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/invention__Noun__1
written_rep: invention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: инве́нция
sense_list:
(music) A small, self-contained composition, particularly those in J.S. Bach’s Two- and Three-part Inventions.


lexentry: eng/inventive__Adjective__1
written_rep: inventive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изобрета́тельный | нахо́дчивый
sense_list:
Possessed of a particular capacity for the design of new mechanisms or processes, creative or skilful at inventing.


lexentry: eng/inverse__Noun__1
written_rep: inverse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: противоположность, контраст
sense_list:
(card games) The winning of the coup in a game of rouge et noir by a card of a color different from that first dealt; the area of the table reserved for bets upon such an outcome.


lexentry: eng/inverse_function__Noun__1
written_rep: inverse function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обратная фу́нкция
sense_list:
(mathematics) For a given function f, another function, denoted f−1, that reverses the mapping action of f; (formally) given a function f: X\rightarrow Y, a function g: Y\rightarrow X such that, \forall x\in X,\ f(x) = y \implies g(y)=x.


lexentry: eng/inverse_matrix__Noun__1
written_rep: inverse matrix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обра́тная ма́трица
sense_list:
(linear algebra) Of a matrix A, another matrix B such that A multiplied by B and B multiplied by A both equal the identity matrix.


lexentry: eng/inverse_trigonometric_function__Noun__1
written_rep: inverse trigonometric function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обра́тная тригонометри́ческая фу́нкция
sense_list:
(mathematics) A function that is the inverse of an appropriate restriction of a trigonometric function.


lexentry: eng/inversion__Noun__1
written_rep: inversion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: [[обра́тный]] [[поря́док]] слов | инве́рсия
sense_list:
(grammar) Deviation from standard word order by putting the predicate before the subject. It takes place in questions with auxiliary verbs and in normal, affirmative clauses beginning with a negative particle, for the purpose of emphasis.


lexentry: eng/inverted__Adjective__1
written_rep: inverted
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обратный
sense_list:
Having the order or direction changed; for example turned upside down, reversed or in any other way opposite or contrary.


lexentry: eng/investigation__Noun__1
written_rep: investigation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иссле́дование | рассле́дование | сле́дствие
sense_list:
The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research, especially patient or thorough inquiry or examination


lexentry: eng/investigative_journalism__Noun__1
written_rep: investigative journalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: журналистское расследование
sense_list:
A form of journalism in which the reporter deeply investigates a single topic of interest, often involving crime or corruption.


lexentry: eng/investment__Noun__1
written_rep: investment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вклад | вложе́ние | инвести́ция | капиталовложе́ние
sense_list:
(finance) A placement of capital in expectation of deriving income or profit from its use or appreciation.


lexentry: eng/investment_bank__Noun__1
written_rep: investment bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инвестицио́нный банк
sense_list:
(banking, finance) A financial institution that deals with raising capital, trading in securities and managing corporate mergers and acquisitions.


lexentry: eng/invidious__Adjective__1
written_rep: invidious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ненави́стный | омерзи́тельный
sense_list:
Detestable, hateful, or odious. (Often used in cases of perceived unfairness, or when facing a difficult situation or choice — especially in the phrase invidious position.)


lexentry: eng/invigilator__Noun__1
written_rep: invigilator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наблюда́тель
sense_list:
(UK, Ireland, Canada, India, South Africa, Hong Kong, Singapore) A person who supervises students during an examination; a proctor


lexentry: eng/invisible_hand__Noun__1
written_rep: invisible hand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неви́димая рука́
sense_list:
(economics) A metaphor for the principle that in a free market, an individual pursuing his own self-interest also tends to promote the good of his community as a whole.


lexentry: eng/invisible_ink__Noun__1
written_rep: invisible ink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: невидимые чернила
sense_list:
An ink, invisible on application or soon thereafter, that can later be rendered visible by some process, such as exposing it to heat.


lexentry: eng/invitation__Noun__1
written_rep: invitation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приглаше́ние | приглашение
sense_list:
The act of inviting; solicitation; the requesting of a person's company. | (bridge) A bid that tells one's partner that game or slam is likely if their hand is at the strong end of what they have indicated.


lexentry: eng/invocation__Noun__1
written_rep: invocation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моли́тва | мольба́
sense_list:
The act or form of calling for the assistance or presence of some superior being, especially prayer offered to a divine being.


lexentry: eng/invoice__Noun__1
written_rep: invoice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: счёт | инво́йс | накладна́я | счёт-факту́ра | факту́ра
sense_list:
A bill; a commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer indicating the products, quantities and agreed prices for products or services that the seller has already provided the buyer with. An invoice indicates that, unless paid in advance, payment is due by the buyer to the seller, according to the agreed terms.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
written_rep: involve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: каса́ться | косну́ться
sense_list:
To cause or engage (someone or something) to become connected or implicated, or to participate, in some activity or situation.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
written_rep: involve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: включа́ть | включи́ть | содержа́ть
sense_list:
(figuratively) To entangle, intertwine, or mingle (something with one or more other things, or several things together); especially, to entangle (someone or something) in a confusing or troublesome situation.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
written_rep: involve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: обвола́кивать | обволо́чь | оберну́ть | обора́чивать | обороти́ть | обёртывать
sense_list:
To form (something) into a coil or spiral, or into folds; to entwine, to fold up, to roll, to wind round.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
written_rep: involve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: возвести́ в сте́пень | возводи́ть в сте́пень
sense_list:
(mathematics) To multiply (a number) by itself a given number of times; to raise to any assigned power.


lexentry: eng/involved__Adjective__1
written_rep: involved
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вовлечённый | прича́стный
sense_list:
Associated with others, be a participant or make someone be a participant (in a crime, process, etc.)


lexentry: eng/iodoform__Noun__1
written_rep: iodoform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: йодоформ
sense_list:
(chemistry) A halogenated hydrocarbon, CHI3; a yellow crystalline compound, formerly used as a mild antiseptic


lexentry: eng/ion__Noun__1
written_rep: ion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ио́н | ион
sense_list:
An atom or group of atoms bearing an electrical charge, such as the sodium and chlorine atoms in a salt solution.


lexentry: eng/ion_channel__Noun__1
written_rep: ion channel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ио́нный кана́л
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A protein complex or single protein that spans between both sides of a cell membrane and allows specific ions to pass through.


lexentry: eng/ionic_bond__Noun__1
written_rep: ionic bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ионная связь
sense_list:
(chemistry) A type of chemical bond where two atoms or molecules are connected to each other by electrostatic attraction.


lexentry: eng/ionization__Noun__1
written_rep: ionization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иониза́ция | ионизация
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) Any process that leads to the dissociation of a neutral atom or molecule into charged particles ions; the state of being ionized.


lexentry: eng/ionize__Verb__1
written_rep: ionize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ионизировать
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) To dissociate atoms or molecules into electrically charged species; to be thus dissociated.


lexentry: eng/ionizing_radiation__Noun__1
written_rep: ionizing radiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ионизирующее излучение
sense_list:
(physics) High-energy radiation that is capable of causing ionization in substances through which it passes; also includes high-energy particles.


lexentry: eng/ionosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: ionosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ионосфе́ра | ионосфера
sense_list:
The part of the Earth's atmosphere beginning at an altitude of about 50 kilometers (31 miles) and extending outward 500 kilometers (310 miles) or more.


lexentry: eng/iotation__Noun__1
written_rep: iotation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: йота́ция | йоти́рование
sense_list:
(linguistics) A specific occurrence of palatalization that occurred in the Proto-Slavic language, in which a consonant combined with the palatal approximant /j/ to form a palatalized consonant. | (linguistics) Any similar process occurring in a later Slavic language or elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/iridescence__Noun__1
written_rep: iridescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иризация
sense_list:
The condition or state of being iridescent; exhibition of colors like those of the rainbow; a prismatic play of color.


lexentry: eng/iridescent__Adjective__1
written_rep: iridescent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пёстрый
sense_list:
(not comparable) Producing a display of lustrous, rainbow-like colors; prismatic. | Brilliant, lustrous, or colorful.


lexentry: eng/iridium__Noun__1
written_rep: iridium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ири́дий | иридий
sense_list:
(uncountable) A chemical element (symbol Ir) with an atomic number of 77: a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group.


lexentry: eng/iris__Noun__1
written_rep: iris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́рис | каса́тик | ирис
sense_list:
(botany) A plant of the genus Iris, common in the northern hemisphere, and generally having attractive blooms (See w:Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/iris__Noun__1
written_rep: iris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: и́рис | ра́дужная оболо́чка | ирис
sense_list:
(anatomy) The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil, which adjusts to control the amount of light reaching the retina, and which forms the colored portion of the eye (See w:Iris (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/irksome__Adjective__1
written_rep: irksome
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неприятный
sense_list:
Marked by irritation or annoyance; disagreeable; troublesome by reason of long continuance or repetition


lexentry: eng/iron(II)_sulfate__Noun__1
written_rep: iron(II) sulfate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сульфат железа(II)
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The green, crystalline salt of divalent iron and sulfuric acid, FeSO4, used as a pigment, and in water treatment.


lexentry: eng/iron__Noun__1
written_rep: iron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: железо | желе́зо | фе́ррум
sense_list:
(uncountable) A common, inexpensive metal, silvery grey when untarnished, that rusts, is attracted by magnets, and is used in making steel: a chemical element having atomic number 26 and symbol Fe.


lexentry: eng/iron__Verb__1
written_rep: iron
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́гладить | вы́утюжить | гла́дить | отгла́дить | отутю́жить | погла́дить
sense_list:
(transitive) To pass an iron over (clothing or some other item made of cloth) in order to remove creases.


lexentry: eng/iron_filings__Noun__1
written_rep: iron filings
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: железные опилки
sense_list:
small fragments of iron, filed from a bar; used to visualize the presence of a magnetic field, and as a food additive


lexentry: eng/iron_maiden__Noun__1
written_rep: iron maiden
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: желе́зная де́ва
sense_list:
(historical) A falsely or neo-medieval torture device invented in the 18th century consisting of a chamber lined with spikes which closes upon and impales the victim inside.


lexentry: eng/ironing_board__Noun__1
written_rep: ironing board
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глади́льная доска́ | гладильная доска
sense_list:
A long board, often covered with fabric and having on legs that are usually collapsible, on which one can iron clothes.


lexentry: eng/irony__Noun__1
written_rep: irony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иро́ния | ирония
sense_list:
(rhetoric) The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context. | (informal) Contradiction between circumstances and expectations; condition contrary to what might be expected. [from the 1640s]


lexentry: eng/irrational__Adjective__1
written_rep: irrational
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иррациона́льный
sense_list:
(mathematics, arithmetic, number theory, not comparable) Of a real number, that cannot be written as the ratio of two integers.


lexentry: eng/irrationalism__Noun__1
written_rep: irrationalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иррационали́зм
sense_list:
A philosophical movement formed as a cultural reaction against positivism in the early 20th century.


lexentry: eng/irregular__Adjective__1
written_rep: irregular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: непра́вильный | неправильный
sense_list:
(grammar, of a word) not following the regular or expected patterns of inflection in a given language


lexentry: eng/irregularity__Noun__1
written_rep: irregularity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: непра́вильность | нерегуля́рность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state or condition of being irregular, or the extent to which something is irregular.


lexentry: eng/irrelevant__Adjective__1
written_rep: irrelevant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нева́жный | неподходя́щий | несуще́ственный | неуме́стный
sense_list:
Not usefully related: not associated in any way that is important or useful to the context being discussed: not materially applicable; having connections not applicable in the present situation.


lexentry: eng/irresponsibility__Noun__1
written_rep: irresponsibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безотве́тственность | безответственность
sense_list:
The character or state of being irresponsible; lack of or freedom from responsibility; want of accountability.


lexentry: eng/irreverent__Adjective__1
written_rep: irreverent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: непочти́тельный | неуважи́тельный
sense_list:
Lacking respect; not having or not showing respect for or seriousness towards something that is usually treated with respect; going against conventional precepts.


lexentry: eng/irrigation__Noun__1
written_rep: irrigation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иррига́ция | ороше́ние
sense_list:
The act or process of irrigating, or the state of being irrigated; especially, the operation of causing water to flow over lands, for nourishing plants.


lexentry: eng/irritable_bowel_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: irritable bowel syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: синдро́м раздражённого кише́чника
sense_list:
(pathology) A functional disorder causing the nerves and muscles of the large intestine to be oversensitive, leading to symptoms such as cramp, bloating, flatulence, diarrhoea and constipation.


lexentry: eng/irritation__Noun__1
written_rep: irritation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: возбужде́ние | раздраже́ние
sense_list:
A condition of morbid excitability or oversensitiveness of an organ or part of the body; a state in which the application of ordinary stimuli produces pain or excessive or vitiated action.


lexentry: eng/isabelline_shrike__Noun__1
written_rep: isabelline shrike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: була́ный жула́н | рыжехво́стый жула́н
sense_list:
Lanius isabellinus, a member of the shrike family (Laniidae). It was formerly considered conspecific with the red-tailed shrike and the red-backed shrike.


lexentry: eng/ischemia__Noun__1
written_rep: ischemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ишеми́я
sense_list:
(cardiology, pathology) Local disturbance in blood circulation due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply (for example, embolism, thrombosis, or vasoconstriction).


lexentry: eng/ischemic__Adjective__1
written_rep: ischemic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ишеми́ческий
sense_list:
(pathology) Characteristic of, or accompanied by, ischemia — localised anaemia due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply, creating a local disturbance in blood circulation.


lexentry: eng/isinglass__Noun__1
written_rep: isinglass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ры́бий клей
sense_list:
A form of gelatine obtained from the air bladder of the sturgeon and certain other fish, used as an adhesive and as a clarifying agent for wine and beer.


lexentry: eng/island__Noun__1
written_rep: island
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: о́стров | остров
sense_list:
(by extension, in place names) A contiguous area of land, smaller than a continent, partially surrounded by water; A peninsula; A half-island. | An entity surrounded by other entities that are very different from itself.


lexentry: eng/island_chain__Noun__1
written_rep: island chain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цепь [[остров|острово́в]]
sense_list:
An archipelago consisting of neighboring islands which are roughly aligned, as if chained one to the next.


lexentry: eng/isobutyric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: isobutyric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изома́сляная кислота́
sense_list:
(fatty acid) 2-methyl-propanoic acid, (CH3)2CHCOOH, an isomer of butyric acid, that occurs in carob beans and croton oil.


lexentry: eng/isochore__Noun__1
written_rep: isochore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изохо́ра
sense_list:
(physics) A line drawn on a graph showing the variation of the pressure of a constant volume of gas as it varies with temperature.


lexentry: eng/isocline__Noun__1
written_rep: isocline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоклина́ль
sense_list:
(geography, mathematics) A line, curve or function on a graph or map linking points with the same slope or gradient. | (geography) A line on a map linking places with the same magnetic dip; an isoclinic line.


lexentry: eng/isolation__Noun__1
written_rep: isolation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: затво́рничество | изоля́ция | обособле́ние
sense_list:
(chiefly, uncountable) The state of being isolated, detached, or separated; the state of being away from other people.


lexentry: eng/isolation__Noun__1
written_rep: isolation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоля́ция
sense_list:
The act of isolating. | (diplomacy, of a country) The state of not having diplomatic relations with other countries (either with most or all other countries, or with specified other countries). | (chemistry) The obtaining of an element from one of its compounds, or of a compound from a mixture


lexentry: eng/isolator__Noun__1
written_rep: isolator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изолятор
sense_list:
A device that isolates something from the surrounding environment to keep it sterile. | A transparent box for holding small live animals.


lexentry: eng/isoleucine__Noun__1
written_rep: isoleucine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изолейцин
sense_list:
(amino acid) An essential amino acid, C6H13NO2, isomeric with leucine, found in most animal proteins.


lexentry: eng/isomer__Noun__1
written_rep: isomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изоме́р | изомер
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structure.


lexentry: eng/isomer__Noun__1
written_rep: isomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоме́р
sense_list:
(physics) Any of two or more atomic nuclei with the same mass number and atomic number but with different radioactive properties.


lexentry: eng/isomerism__Noun__1
written_rep: isomerism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изомери́я
sense_list:
(chemistry) the phenomenon of the existence of isomers - the existence of different substances with the same molecular formulae


lexentry: eng/isometric__Adjective__1
written_rep: isometric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: изометрический
sense_list:
(physiology) Of or involving muscular contraction against resistance in which the length of the muscle remains the same. See also: Wikipedia:isometric exercise


lexentry: eng/isometric__Adjective__1
written_rep: isometric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: изохорный
sense_list:
(physics, of a thermodynamic process) Taking place at constant volume because of being confined by rigid boundaries.


lexentry: eng/isomorphism__Noun__1
written_rep: isomorphism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоморфи́зм | изоморфизм
sense_list:
(category theory) A morphism which has a two-sided inverse; the composition of the morphism and such an inverse yields either one of two identity morphisms (depending on the order of composition).


lexentry: eng/isomorphism__Noun__1
written_rep: isomorphism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоморфизм
sense_list:
(group algebra) A bijection f such that both f and its inverse f −1 are homomorphisms, that is, structure-preserving mappings.


lexentry: eng/isoprene__Noun__1
written_rep: isoprene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изопре́н
sense_list:
(organic compound) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C5H8, that is readily polymerized; natural rubber (caoutchouc) is cis-1,4-polyisoprene, and trans-1,4-polyisoprene is present in gutta-percha and balata; it is the structural basis for the terpenes.


lexentry: eng/isotherm__Noun__1
written_rep: isotherm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изоте́рма
sense_list:
A line on a graph or chart, such as a weather map, along which all the points have the same temperature.


lexentry: eng/isotone__Noun__1
written_rep: isotone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изотон
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) Any of a number of nuclides of different elements that have the same number of neutrons.


lexentry: eng/isotope__Noun__1
written_rep: isotope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изото́п | изотоп
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) Any of two or more forms of an element where the atoms have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons within their nuclei. Thus, isotopes have the same atomic number but a different mass number.


lexentry: eng/isotropy__Noun__1
written_rep: isotropy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изотропи́я
sense_list:
(geometry, physics) The property of being identical, or having the same physical properties, in all directions.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
written_rep: issue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вы́пуск | изда́ние | пото́мок | пото́мство
sense_list:
The entire set of some item printed and disseminated during a certain period, particularly (publishing) a single printing of a particular edition of a work when contrasted with other print runs.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
written_rep: issue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: вопро́с | пото́мок | пото́мство | пробле́ма | пункт
sense_list:
(law) A point of law or fact in dispute or question in a legal action presented for resolution by the court.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
written_rep: issue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: вопро́с | пробле́ма | пункт | те́ма
sense_list:
(US, originally, _, psychology, usually, in the plural) A psychological or emotional difficulty, (now, _, informal, figurative, _, and, _) any problem or concern considered as a vague and intractable difficulty.


lexentry: eng/isthmus__Noun__1
written_rep: isthmus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ребро́
sense_list:
(graph theory) An edge in a graph whose deletion increases the number of connected components of the graph.


lexentry: eng/it's_a_small_world__Phrase__1
written_rep: it's a small world
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мир те́сен
sense_list:
Used to express surprise at meeting an acquaintance or discovering a personal connection in a distant place or an unexpected context.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: он | она́ | оно́ | э́то
sense_list:
The third-person singular personal pronoun used to refer to an inanimate object, abstract entity, or non-human living thing.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: э́то | оно
sense_list:
The impersonal pronoun, used without referent as the subject of an impersonal verb or statement (known as the dummy pronoun, dummy it or weather it).


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: оно | это
sense_list:
The impersonal pronoun, used without referent, or with unstated but contextually implied referent, in various short idioms or expressions.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: её | е́ю | его́ | ей | ему́ | им
sense_list:
The impersonal pronoun, used as a placeholder for a delayed subject, or less commonly, object; known as the dummy pronoun (according to some definitions), anticipatory it or, more formally in linguistics, a syntactic expletive. The delayed subject is commonly a to-infinitive, a gerund, or a noun clause introduced by a subordinating conjunction.


lexentry: eng/it_doesn't_matter__Phrase__1
written_rep: it doesn't matter
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нева́жно | ничего́ | э́то не име́ет значе́ния | это не играет никакой роли
sense_list:
It is not important; do not fret (used to reassure or comfort the person to whom it is said). | I withdraw my previous statement (often used if it wasn't heard or understood).


lexentry: eng/it_figures__Phrase__1
written_rep: it figures
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: логи́чно | немудрено́ | неудиви́тельно
sense_list:
(idiomatic, North America) Used to indicate that a preceding event or statement by another is an unsurprising accompaniment of known facts and circumstances.


part_of_speech: proverb
sense_list: (Christianity, Biblical) It is unlikely that the wealthy will go to heaven.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ле́гче верблю́ду пройти́ сквозь иго́льное ушко́, чем богачу́ войти́ в ца́рствие небе́сное
lexentry:
eng/it_is_easier_for_a_camel_to_go_through_the_eye_of_a_needle_than_for_a_rich_man_to_enter_into_the_kingdom_of_God__Proverb__1

written_rep:
it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God


lexentry: eng/it_takes_all_kinds_to_make_a_world__Proverb__1
written_rep: it takes all kinds to make a world
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мир, что огород: в нём всё растёт
sense_list:
(idiom) Diversity is essential: the world would be incomplete if everyone were alike; an expression of surprise at a person or people's eccentricity.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_one_to_know_one__Proverb__1
written_rep: it takes one to know one
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каждый судит по себе
sense_list:
(idiomatic) expressing the same underlying character-judgment themes as pot calling the kettle black or set a thief to catch a thief.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_two_to_tango__Proverb__1
written_rep: it takes two to tango
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: для та́нго нужны́ дво́е
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Some things need the active cooperation of two parties; blame is to be laid on both parties in a conflict.


lexentry: eng/itch__Noun__1
written_rep: itch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зуд | зуде́ние | свербе́ние | свербёж
sense_list:
A sensation felt on an area of the skin that causes a person or animal to want to scratch said area.


lexentry: eng/itch__Verb__1
written_rep: itch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: горе́ть жела́нием | жа́ждать | рва́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To have a constant, teasing urge; to feel strongly motivated; to want or desire something.


lexentry: eng/itchy_trigger_finger__Noun__1
written_rep: itchy trigger finger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: руки чешутся
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The metaphorical trigger finger of a person with a tendency or readiness to act in haste or without consideration; a tendency to so act.


lexentry: eng/iterative__Adjective__1
written_rep: iterative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: итерати́вный
sense_list:
Of a procedure that involves repetition of steps (iteration) to achieve the desired outcome; in computing this may involve a mechanism such as a loop.


lexentry: eng/iterative_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: iterative aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: многокра́тный вид
sense_list:
(grammar) A subclass of imperfective verbs that denote a continuously repeated action. An example in English would be the iterative verb sniffle, as opposed to the noniterative sniff.


lexentry: eng/ithyphallic__Adjective__1
written_rep: ithyphallic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: итифалли́ческий
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to an upward pointing, erect penis; (specifically) of an artistic depiction of a deity or other figure: possessing an erect penis.


lexentry: eng/itself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: itself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: -ся | сам [[себя́]] | себя́
sense_list:
(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject | (emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject


lexentry: eng/itself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: itself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: -ся | [[оно́]] [[сам|само́]] | сам [[себя́]] | себя́
sense_list:
(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate


lexentry: eng/ivory__Noun__1
written_rep: ivory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: слоно́вая кость | слоновая кость
sense_list:
(uncountable) The hard white form of dentin which forms the tusks of elephants, walruses and other animals. | Something made from or resembling ivory. | (collective, singular or in plural) The teeth. | (collective, singular or in plural) The keys of a piano. | (slang, ethnic slur) A white person. | (informal) A die (object bearing numbers, thrown in games of chance).


lexentry: eng/ivory_tower__Noun__1
written_rep: ivory tower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́шня из слоно́вой ко́сти
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A sheltered, overly-academic existence or perspective, implying a disconnection or lack of awareness of reality or practical considerations.


lexentry: eng/jabiru__Noun__1
written_rep: jabiru
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: яби́ру
sense_list:
A species of bird Jabiru mycteria in the monotypic genus Jabiru, of the stork family Ciconiidae, endemic to the Americas.


lexentry: eng/jacana__Noun__1
written_rep: jacana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: яка́на
sense_list:
Any of a group of wading birds in the family Jacanidae, usually having long toes and claws, and found throughout the world.


lexentry: eng/jack-in-the-box__Noun__1
written_rep: jack-in-the-box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрт из табаке́рки | чёртик из коро́бочки
sense_list:
Children’s toy consisting of a small box from which a male figure pops out unexpectedly after some turnings of a crank.


lexentry: eng/jack-o'-lantern__Noun__1
written_rep: jack-o'-lantern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Светильник Джек | фонарь из тыквы
sense_list:
A carved pumpkin whose top and stem have been cut out and interior removed, leaving a hollow shell that is then decorated to represent a face, illuminated from within by a candle. It is a symbol of Halloween.


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
written_rep: jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гнездо́ | разъём
sense_list:
(electronics) A switch for a jack plug, a jackknife switch; (more generally) a socket used to connect a device to a circuit, network etc. [from 19th c.] | (games) A small, six-pointed playing piece used in the game of jacks. [from 19th c.] | A non-tool object or thing. | A pike, especially when young. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
written_rep: jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: домкра́т | гнездо́ | разъём
sense_list:
A mechanical device used to raise and (temporarily) support a heavy object, now especially to lift one side of a motor vehicle when (e.g.) changing a tyre. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
written_rep: jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гюйс | иша́к | осёл
sense_list:
(nautical) A small ship's flag used as a signal or identifying device; a small flag flown at the bow of the vessel. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack_mackerel__Noun__1
written_rep: jack mackerel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ставри́да
sense_list:
Any of various edible fish, especially of genus Trachurus, but also genera Caranx, Acanthocybium and Euthynnus.


lexentry: eng/jack_of_all_trades,_master_of_none__Noun__1
written_rep: jack of all trades, master of none
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A person who has a competent grasp of many skills but who is not outstanding in any one.

trans_list:
автофотовеломототелерадиомонтёр | за всё берётся, да не всё удаётся | подмасте́рье всех ремёсел, ма́стер ни одного́


lexentry: eng/jackal__Noun__1
written_rep: jackal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шака́л | шакал
sense_list:
Any of certain wild canids of the genera Lupulella and Canis, native to the tropical Old World and smaller than a wolf.


lexentry: eng/jackalope__Noun__1
written_rep: jackalope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рогатый заяц
sense_list:
A folkloric animal, a supposed cross between a jackrabbit and an antelope, goat, or deer, usually portrayed as a rabbit with antlers.


lexentry: eng/jacket__Noun__1
written_rep: jacket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жаке́т | ку́ртка
sense_list:
A piece of clothing worn on the upper body outside a shirt or blouse, often waist length to thigh length.


lexentry: eng/jackhammer__Noun__1
written_rep: jackhammer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отбо́йный молото́к | пневмати́ческий бури́льный молото́к
sense_list:
A portable percussive power tool that combines a hammer and chisel used to drill or break hard matter, for instance rock or concrete.


lexentry: eng/jade__Noun__1
written_rep: jade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жад | жадеи́т | нефри́т
sense_list:
A semiprecious stone, either nephrite or jadeite, generally green or white in color, often used for carving figurines. | A bright shade of slightly bluish or greyish green, typical of polished jade stones. | A succulent plant, Crassula ovata.


lexentry: eng/jadeite__Noun__1
written_rep: jadeite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жадеи́т | жадеит
sense_list:
(mineral) A pyroxene mineral, a sodium aluminium silicate with the chemical formula Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6, found in metamorphic rocks.


lexentry: eng/jaggery__Noun__1
written_rep: jaggery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[па́льмовый]] [[са́хар-сыре́ц]] | са́хар-сыре́ц
sense_list:
A traditional dark-brown unrefined sugar made from palm tree sap which is used throughout South and Southeast Asia; (by extension) other types of unrefined sugar.


lexentry: eng/jaguarundi__Noun__1
written_rep: jaguarundi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ягуару́нди
sense_list:
A medium-sized Central and South American wild cat, Puma yagouaroundi, Herpailurus yagouaroundi or Felis yagouaroundi.


lexentry: eng/jail__Noun__1
written_rep: jail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тюрьма
sense_list:
A place or institution for the confinement of persons held against their will in lawful custody or detention, especially (in US usage) a place where people are held for minor offenses or with reference to some future judicial proceeding.


lexentry: eng/jailbait__Noun__1
written_rep: jailbait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лоли́та | нимфетка
sense_list:
(slang) A sexually mature person below, or appearing to be below, the legal age of consent, who is regarded, usually by an adult, as being sexually attractive and/or seductive.


lexentry: eng/jalousie__Noun__1
written_rep: jalousie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: жалюзи́
sense_list:
Upward sloping window slats which form a blind or shutter, allowing light and air in but excluding rain and direct sun.


lexentry: eng/jam__Noun__1
written_rep: jam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джем | варе́нье | конфитю́р | мармела́д | пови́дло
sense_list:
(less common in the, _, US) A sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar and allowed to congeal. Often spread on bread or toast or used in jam tarts.


lexentry: eng/jam__Verb__1
written_rep: jam
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: глуши́ть | заглуши́ть
sense_list:
To block or confuse a radio or radar signal by transmitting a more-powerful signal on the same frequency.


lexentry: eng/jam_session__Noun__1
written_rep: jam session
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джем-се́йшен
sense_list:
(music) An informal gathering of musicians to play music, especially improvised jazz or a similar genre.


lexentry: eng/jamb__Noun__1
written_rep: jamb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кося́к
sense_list:
(architecture, interior decorating, carpentry) Either of the vertical components that form the side of an opening in a wall, such as that of a door frame, window frame, or fireplace.


lexentry: eng/jambalaya__Noun__1
written_rep: jambalaya
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джамбала́йя
sense_list:
Any of various of rice-based dishes common in Louisiana Cajun or Creole cooking; most often with shrimp, oysters, chicken or ham.


lexentry: eng/janissary__Noun__1
written_rep: janissary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: яныча́р | янычар
sense_list:
(historical) An infantry soldier, often of European Christian background from the Balkans as well as Eastern Europe and forcibly converted to Islam, in a former elite Turkish (Ottoman) guard (disbanded in 1826); (by extension) any Turkish soldier, particularly one escorting a traveller.


lexentry: eng/janitor__Noun__1
written_rep: janitor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дво́рник
sense_list:
(Scotland) A caretaker or custodian; someone who maintains a school building specifically and may serve other administrative roles.


lexentry: eng/jar__Noun__1
written_rep: jar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ба́нка | кувши́н | скля́нка
sense_list:
A small, approximately cylindrical container, normally made of clay or glass, for holding fruit, preserves, etc., or for ornamental purposes.


lexentry: eng/jargon__Noun__1
written_rep: jargon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жарго́н | жаргон
sense_list:
(uncountable) A technical terminology unique to a particular subject. | (countable) A language characteristic of a particular group.


lexentry: eng/jasmine__Noun__1
written_rep: jasmine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жасми́н | жасмин
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Jasminum, mostly native to Asia, having fragrant white or yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/jasper__Noun__1
written_rep: jasper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: я́спис | я́шма | яшма
sense_list:
(obsolete) Any bright-coloured kind of chalcedony apart from cornelian. | An opaque, impure variety of quartz, of red, yellow, and other dull colors, breaking conchoidally with a smooth surface. | Jasperware pottery.


lexentry: eng/jaundice__Noun__1
written_rep: jaundice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: желту́ха | желтуха
sense_list:
(pathology) A morbid condition, characterized by yellowness of the eyes, skin, and urine. [from early 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/javelin_throw__Noun__1
written_rep: javelin throw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: метание копья
sense_list:
(athletics) An athletic throwing event where the object to be thrown is the javelin, a spear-like object made of metal, fiberglass and, in some cases, kyshashrek.


lexentry: eng/jaw__Noun__1
written_rep: jaw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: че́люсть
sense_list:
One of a pair of opposing parts which are movable towards or from each other, for grasping or crushing anything between them.


lexentry: eng/jaywalk__Verb__1
written_rep: jaywalk
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, legal) To behave as a jaywalker; to violate pedestrian traffic regulations by crossing a street away from a designated crossing or to walk in the part of the street intended for vehicles rather than on the sidewalk.

trans_list:
[[зева́ть]] по [[сторона|сторона́м]] | [[неосторо́жно]] [[переходи́ть]] [[улица|у́лицу]] | [[переходи́ть]] [[дорога|доро́гу]] в [[неположенный|неполо́женном]] [[место|ме́сте]]


lexentry: eng/jaywalker__Noun__1
written_rep: jaywalker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[неосторо́жный]] [[пешехо́д]]
sense_list:
(US) A person who violates pedestrian traffic regulations by crossing a street away from a designated crossing or who walks on the part of the street intended for vehicles instead of the part designated for pedestrians.


lexentry: eng/jazz__Noun__1
written_rep: jazz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джаз
sense_list:
(music genre) A musical art form rooted in West African cultural and musical expression and in the African American blues tradition, with diverse influences over time, commonly characterized by blue notes, syncopation, swing, call and response, polyrhythms and improvisation.


lexentry: eng/jealous__Adjective__1
written_rep: jealous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ревни́вый | ревну́ющий | ревнивый
sense_list:
Suspecting rivalry in love; troubled by worries that one might have been replaced in someone's affections; suspicious of a lover's or spouse's fidelity. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/jealous__Adjective__1
written_rep: jealous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ре́вностный | ревнивый
sense_list:
Protective; zealously guarding; careful in the protection of something (or someone) one has or appreciates, especially one's spouse or lover. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/jealous__Adjective__1
written_rep: jealous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: зави́стливый | зави́дующий
sense_list:
Envious; feeling resentful or angered toward someone for a perceived advantage or success, material or otherwise. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/jeer__Verb__1
written_rep: jeer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́смеять | высме́ивать | глуми́ться | насмеха́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, with at) To utter sarcastic or mocking comments; to speak with mockery or derision; to use taunting language.


lexentry: eng/jejunum__Noun__1
written_rep: jejunum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: то́щая кишка́
sense_list:
(anatomy) The central of the three divisions of the small intestine which lies between the duodenum and the ileum


lexentry: eng/jelly__Noun__1
written_rep: jelly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: желе́ | желе
sense_list:
(New Zealand, Australia, British) A dessert made by boiling gelatine, sugar and some flavouring (often derived from fruit) and allowing it to set, known as "jello" in North America. | (North America, Britain (certain specific usages)) A clear or translucent fruit preserve, made from fruit juice and set using either naturally occurring, or added, pectin. Normally known as "jam" in Commonwealth English but see redcurrant jelly and jeely.


lexentry: eng/jelly_bean__Noun__1
written_rep: jelly bean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: желе́йный боб
sense_list:
A small, bean-shaped, chewy candy/sweet with a firm coating and a jelly-like center, made of sugar, flavoring, coloring and sometimes starch or other thickener, and usually sold assorted in a wide variety of flavors and bright colors.


lexentry: eng/jellyfish__Noun__1
written_rep: jellyfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: меду́за | медуза
sense_list:
An almost transparent aquatic animal; any one of the acalephs, especially one of the larger species, having a jellylike appearance.


lexentry: eng/jequirity__Noun__1
written_rep: jequirity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёточник | чёточник моли́твенный
sense_list:
Abrus precatorius, a legume native to Indonesia with long, pinnate-leafleted leaves, whose toxic seeds ("jequirity bean") may be used as beads or in percussion instruments.


lexentry: eng/jerboa__Noun__1
written_rep: jerboa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тушка́нчик
sense_list:
Any of a number of species comprising most of the family Dipodidae, native to the deserts of Asia and northern Africa, being a small, jumping rodent with a long tufted tail, very small forefeet and very long hind legs.


lexentry: eng/jeremiad__Noun__1
written_rep: jeremiad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Иеремиа́да
sense_list:
A long speech or prose work that bitterly laments the state of society and its morals, and often contains a prophecy of its coming downfall.


lexentry: eng/jerk__Noun__1
written_rep: jerk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гад | гни́да | деби́л | муда́к | негодя́й | подле́ц
sense_list:
(originally, North America, slang, pejorative) A person with unlikable or obnoxious qualities and behavior, typically mean, self-centered, or disagreeable; an arsehole.


lexentry: eng/jerkin__Noun__1
written_rep: jerkin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жилет
sense_list:
(historical) A type of men's garment popular in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: a close-fitting collarless jacket, with or without sleeves. | A sleeveless jacket, usually leather; a long waistcoat.


lexentry: eng/jersey__Noun__1
written_rep: jersey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: футбо́лка
sense_list:
(countable, US) A shirt worn by a member of an athletic team, usually oversized, typically depicting the athlete's name and team number as well as the team's logotype.


lexentry: eng/jet_bridge__Noun__1
written_rep: jet bridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: палец
sense_list:
(aviation) An elevated corridor connecting an airport to a plane, usually enclosed and used for disembarking and embarking passengers and crew.


lexentry: eng/jet_engine__Noun__1
written_rep: jet engine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: реакти́вный дви́гатель
sense_list:
An engine that obtains thrust by taking in air at the front, using it to burn fuel, then ejecting the hot combustion products at the rear through a propulsive nozzle. | Any engine propelled by expelling a high speed fluid jet (jet propulsion), such as a rocket, turbojet, turbofan, ramjet, etc.


lexentry: eng/jet_lag__Noun__1
written_rep: jet lag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: десинхрони́я | джетла́г
sense_list:
(aviation) A physical condition caused by crossing time zones during flight; often the result of disruption to the circadian rhythms of the body.


lexentry: eng/jet_pack__Noun__1
written_rep: jet pack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: раке́тный ра́нец | реакти́вный ра́нец
sense_list:
(aviation) A piece of equipment that may be strapped to a person’s back and generate vertical thrust by a downward discharge of jet fluid, thereby rendering the person capable of flight.


lexentry: eng/jet_ski__Noun__1
written_rep: jet ski
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водный мотоцикл | гидроци́кл
sense_list:
A small motorized watercraft with a flattish hull and an upright centre, which a rider sits astride.


lexentry: eng/jet_stream__Noun__1
written_rep: jet stream
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стру́йное тече́ние
sense_list:
(meteorology) any of the high-speed, high-altitude air currents that circle the Earth in a westerly direction


lexentry: eng/jetty__Noun__1
written_rep: jetty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: волноре́з | мол
sense_list:
A structure of wood or stone extended into the sea to influence the current or tide, or to protect a harbor or beach.


lexentry: eng/jetty__Noun__1
written_rep: jetty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: э́ркер
sense_list:
(architecture) A part of a building that jets or projects beyond the rest, and overhangs the wall below.


lexentry: eng/jewbush__Noun__1
written_rep: jewbush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: педилантус
sense_list:
The low-growing tropical American shrub Euphorbia tithymaloides (formerly Pedilanthus tithymaloides).


lexentry: eng/jewel__Noun__1
written_rep: jewel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: драгоце́нность
sense_list:
A valuable object used for personal ornamentation, especially one made of precious metals and stones; a piece of jewellery. | (figuratively) Anything precious or valuable.


lexentry: eng/jewellery__Noun__1
written_rep: jewellery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[ювелирный|ювели́рные]] [[изделие|изде́лия]] | бижуте́рия | драгоце́нности | украше́ния
sense_list:
Collectively, personal ornamentation such as rings, necklaces, brooches and bracelets, made of precious metals and sometimes set with gemstones.


lexentry: eng/jiangshi__Noun__1
written_rep: jiangshi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цзянши
sense_list:
A reanimated corpse in Chinese legend, which moves around by hopping with its arms outstretched, and kills living creatures to absorb their life force.


lexentry: eng/jiaozi__Noun__1
written_rep: jiaozi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гёдза | пельме́ни | цзя́оцзы
sense_list:
A Chinese crescent-shaped dumpling filled with a minced stuffing and steamed, boiled or fried; the Chinese equivalent of the Japanese gyoza.


lexentry: eng/jiffy__Noun__1
written_rep: jiffy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[систе́мный]] тик
sense_list:
(computing) A unit of time defined by the frequency of its basic timer – historically, and by convention, 0.01 of a second, but some computer operating systems use other values.


lexentry: eng/jig__Noun__1
written_rep: jig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: джи́га
sense_list:
(traditional English Morris, _, dancing) A dance performed by one or sometimes two individual dancers, as opposed to a dance performed by a set or team.


lexentry: eng/jig__Noun__1
written_rep: jig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: блесна́
sense_list:
(fishing) A type of lure consisting of a hook molded into a weight, usually with a bright or colorful body.


lexentry: eng/jigger__Noun__1
written_rep: jigger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: палец
sense_list:
(US) A double-ended vessel, generally of stainless steel or other metal, one end of which typically measures 1½ fluid ounces (approx. 44 ml), the other typically 1 fluid ounce (approx. 30 ml).


lexentry: eng/jigsaw_puzzle__Noun__1
written_rep: jigsaw puzzle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пазл | головоло́мка | моза́ика | складна́я карти́нка
sense_list:
A type of puzzle in which the aim is to reconstruct a picture that has been cut (originally, with a jigsaw) into many small interlocking pieces.


lexentry: eng/jimmy__Noun__1
written_rep: jimmy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кося́к
sense_list:
(slang) A marijuana cigarette. | (rare) A male crab, especially a mature male; a cock. (Sometimes capitalized.)


lexentry: eng/jimsonweed__Noun__1
written_rep: jimsonweed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дурма́н | дурма́н воню́чий | дурма́н обыкнове́нный
sense_list:
(US) A poisonous plant of the Datura stramonium species, part of the nightshade (Solanaceae) family, occasionally ingested as a hallucinogen.


lexentry: eng/jingle_bell__Noun__1
written_rep: jingle bell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бубенец
sense_list:
A small, hollow, spherical metal bell with a narrow slit opening or small holes, containing a loose ball or rod as a clapper, which is attached to a horse's harness as a signal, or (percussion instrument) used as a musical instrument.


lexentry: eng/jingoism__Noun__1
written_rep: jingoism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джингои́зм | казённый патриоти́зм | квасно́й патриоти́зм | ла́потный патриоти́зм | ура́-патриоти́зм
sense_list:
(uncountable) Excessive patriotism or aggressive nationalism, especially with regards to foreign policy.


lexentry: eng/jingoist__Noun__1
written_rep: jingoist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джингои́ст | джингои́стка | ура́-патрио́т | ура́-патрио́тка
sense_list:
One who advocates an aggressive nationalism; one who vociferously supports a nation's military aims.


lexentry: eng/jinn__Noun__1
written_rep: jinn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джинн
sense_list:
(Arabic culture) A human-like spiritual or immaterial being, as opposed to al-ins (people), often invisible but able to manifest in form and also inhabit people or animals; origin of the genie of Western literature, film etc.


lexentry: eng/jive__Verb__1
written_rep: jive
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: плясать
sense_list:
(intransitive, colloquial) To dance, originally to jive or swing music; later, to jazz, rock and roll, rhythm and blues, disco, etc.


lexentry: eng/jizya__Noun__1
written_rep: jizya
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джи́зья
sense_list:
(Islam, historical) A per capita tax levied on a section of an Islamic state's non-Muslim citizens, who meet certain criteria.


lexentry: eng/job__Noun__1
written_rep: job
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́ло | зада́ние | зада́ча | рабо́та
sense_list:
A task. | (computing) A task, or series of tasks, carried out in batch mode (especially on a mainframe computer).


lexentry: eng/job_interview__Noun__1
written_rep: job interview
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интервью́ | собесе́дование
sense_list:
A formal interview in which a job applicant must answer questions, especially in a professional manner, to determine whether they are suitable for the job applied for.


lexentry: eng/job_title__Noun__1
written_rep: job title
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: назва́ние до́лжности
sense_list:
A specific designation of a post within an organization, normally associated with a job description that details the tasks and responsibilities that go with it.


lexentry: eng/jockstrap__Noun__1
written_rep: jockstrap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: суспензо́рий
sense_list:
(sports) An athletic supporter worn by men and boys to support the genitals during strenuous exercise.


lexentry: eng/john__Noun__1
written_rep: john
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ну́жник | сорти́р | толчо́к
sense_list:
(slang, US) A device or place to urinate and defecate: now usually a toilet or lavatory, but also (dated) a chamber pot or outhouse.


lexentry: eng/joint-stock_company__Noun__1
written_rep: joint-stock company
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: АО | акционе́рное о́бщество
sense_list:
(business, finance, legal, UK) A company with transferable ownership interests and limited shareholder liability. | (business, finance, legal, US) A company with transferable ownership interests and unlimited shareholder liability.


lexentry: eng/joint__Noun__1
written_rep: joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: суста́в | диартро́з | дом | заведе́ние | каба́к | сочлене́ние
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any part of the body where two bones join, in most cases allowing that part of the body to be bent or straightened.


lexentry: eng/joint__Noun__1
written_rep: joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: стык
sense_list:
A cut of meat, especially (but not necessarily) (a) one containing a joint in the sense of an articulation or (b) one rolled up and tied.


lexentry: eng/joint__Noun__1
written_rep: joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: дом | заведе́ние | каба́к
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, _, slang, may be somewhat, _, pejorative) A place of business, particularly in the food service or hospitality industries; sometimes extended to any place that is a focus of human connection or activity (e.g., schools, hangouts, party spots).


lexentry: eng/joint_lock__Noun__1
written_rep: joint lock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ключ
sense_list:
(combat sports) Any lock designed to hyperextend one of the joints of the body, leading to pain and/or injury.


lexentry: eng/joint_venture__Noun__1
written_rep: joint venture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: СП | совме́стное предприя́тие
sense_list:
A cooperative partnership between two individuals or businesses in which profits and risks are shared.


lexentry: eng/joist__Noun__1
written_rep: joist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балка
sense_list:
A piece of timber or steel laid horizontally, or nearly so, to which the planks of the floor, or the laths or furring strips of a ceiling, are nailed.


lexentry: eng/joker__Noun__1
written_rep: joker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: джо́кер | джокер
sense_list:
A playing card that features a picture of a joker (that is, a jester) and that may be used as a wild card in some card games.


lexentry: eng/jot__Verb__1
written_rep: jot
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: набра́сывать | наброса́ть | черка́ть | черкну́ть | чёркать
sense_list:
(transitive) Chiefly followed by down: to write (something) quickly; to make a brief note of (something).


lexentry: eng/jotun__Noun__1
written_rep: jotun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ётун
sense_list:
(Norse mythology) A member of a race of giants who usually stand in opposition to the Æsir and especially to Thor.


lexentry: eng/joule__Noun__1
written_rep: joule
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джо́уль | джоуль
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of energy, work and heat; the work required to exert a force of one newton for a distance of one metre. Equivalent to one watt of power for a duration of one second. Symbol: J


lexentry: eng/jour_fixe__Noun__1
written_rep: jour fixe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Журфикс
sense_list:
(arts) A series of presentations and/or performances, discussions or similar events that happen on a fixed day every month (or similar; for example "every second Sunday of a month"). Used mainly by cultural and artistic organizations.


lexentry: eng/journal__Noun__1
written_rep: journal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: журна́л
sense_list:
(accounting) A chronological record of payments or receipts. | (computing) A chronological record of changes made to a database or other system; along with a backup or image copy that allows recovery after a failure or reinstatement to a previous time; a log.


lexentry: eng/joust__Noun__1
written_rep: joust
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поеди́нок | турни́р
sense_list:
A tilting match: a mock combat between two mounted knights or men-at-arms using lances in the lists or enclosed field.


lexentry: eng/joy__Noun__1
written_rep: joy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: весе́лье | ра́дость | радость
sense_list:
A feeling of extreme happiness or cheerfulness, especially related to the acquisition or expectation of something good.


lexentry: eng/joystick__Noun__1
written_rep: joystick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джо́йстик
sense_list:
A mechanical device consisting of a handgrip mounted on a base or pedestal and typically having one or more buttons, used to control an aircraft, computer, or other equipment.


lexentry: eng/jubilee__Noun__1
written_rep: jubilee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: юбиле́й
sense_list:
A major anniversary of an event, particularly the fiftieth (50th) anniversary of a coronation or marriage. [from late 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/jubilee__Noun__1
written_rep: jubilee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пра́зднество | юбиле́й
sense_list:
(countable) A time of celebration or rejoicing. [from late 16th c.] | (uncountable) The sound of celebration or rejoicing; shouts of joy. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/judge__Noun__1
written_rep: judge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: судья́ | судья
sense_list:
A public official whose duty it is to administer the law, especially by presiding over trials and rendering judgments; a justice. | A person who decides the fate of someone or something that has been called into question.


lexentry: eng/judge__Verb__1
written_rep: judge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: суди́ть | осуди́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To sit in judgment on; to pass sentence on (a person or matter). | (intransitive) To sit in judgment, to act as judge.


lexentry: eng/judge__Verb__1
written_rep: judge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: полага́ть | сче́сть | счита́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To have as an opinion; to consider, suppose. | (ambitransitive) To form an opinion; to infer.


lexentry: eng/judgement_day__Noun__1
written_rep: judgement day
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стра́шный суд | су́дный день
sense_list:
(Christianity, Islam, Judaism) The final trial of all humankind, both the living and the dead, by God expected to take place at the end of the world, when each is rewarded or punished according to their merits; the Final Judgment, the Last Judgment.


lexentry: eng/judgment__Noun__1
written_rep: judgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: осужде́ние | сужде́ние
sense_list:
The power or faculty of performing such operations; especially, when unqualified, the faculty of judging or deciding rightly, justly, or wisely


lexentry: eng/judgment__Noun__1
written_rep: judgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: осужде́ние | проце́сс | разбира́тельство | сужде́ние
sense_list:
(legal) The act of determining, as in courts of law, what is conformable to law and justice; also, the determination, decision, or sentence of a court, or of a judge.


lexentry: eng/judgment_call__Noun__1
written_rep: judgment call
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вердикт
sense_list:
Any decision or other determination based on subjective criteria, especially one which takes into account the particular circumstances of a situation.


lexentry: eng/jug__Noun__1
written_rep: jug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: графи́н | жбан | кувши́н
sense_list:
A serving vessel or container, typically circular in cross-section and typically higher than it is wide, with a relatively small mouth or spout, an ear handle and often a stopper or top.


lexentry: eng/juggle__Verb__1
written_rep: juggle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жонгли́ровать
sense_list:
To manipulate objects, such as balls, clubs, beanbags, rings, etc. in an artful or artistic manner. Juggling may also include assorted other circus skills such as the diabolo, devil sticks, hat, and cigar box manipulation as well. | To handle or manage many tasks at once.


lexentry: eng/juggling__Noun__1
written_rep: juggling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жонглёрство | жонгли́рование
sense_list:
The art of moving objects, such as balls, clubs, beanbags, rings, etc. in an artful or artistic manner.


lexentry: eng/jugular_vein__Noun__1
written_rep: jugular vein
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: яре́мная ве́на
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of several veins on each side of the neck, which drain the brain, face and neck of deoxygenated blood.


lexentry: eng/juice__Noun__1
written_rep: juice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сок
sense_list:
(uncountable) A liquid from a plant, especially fruit. | (countable) A beverage made of juice. | (uncountable) Any liquid resembling juice.


lexentry: eng/jujitsu__Noun__1
written_rep: jujitsu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джиу-джи́тсу | дзюдзю́цу
sense_list:
A method of self-defence established in Japan emphasizing “jū” (soft or gentle) “jutsu” (art or technique). Japanese martial art that utilizes a large variety of techniques in defense against an opponent.


lexentry: eng/jukebox__Noun__1
written_rep: jukebox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: музыка́льный автома́т | проигрыватель-автомат
sense_list:
A coin-operated machine that plays recorded music; it has push-buttons to make selections. [from 1939]


lexentry: eng/julienne__Verb__1
written_rep: julienne
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To prepare by cutting in this way.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[наре́зать]] [[соломка|соло́мкой]] | [[нареза́ть]] [[соломка|соло́мкой]] | [[ре́зать]] [[соломка|соло́мкой]]


lexentry: eng/jump-start__Verb__1
written_rep: jump-start
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: понтировать
sense_list:
(transitive) To start a motor vehicle by passing an electrical current from a charged battery to the discharged ("dead" or "flat") battery of the vehicle being started, by using booster cables to temporarily connect the two batteries in parallel.


lexentry: eng/jump__Noun__1
written_rep: jump
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: прыжо́к
sense_list:
An instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location. | An instance of employing a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location. | A jumping move in a board game.


lexentry: eng/jump__Noun__1
written_rep: jump
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 14
trans_list: прыжо́к | скачо́к
sense_list:
(mathematics) A discontinuity in the graph of a function, where the function is continuous in a punctured interval of the discontinuity.


lexentry: eng/jump__Verb__1
written_rep: jump
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пры́гать | пры́гнуть | скака́ть | скакну́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To propel oneself rapidly upward, downward and/or in any horizontal direction such that momentum causes the body to become airborne.


lexentry: eng/jump__Verb__1
written_rep: jump
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: вздра́гивать | вздро́гнуть | вска́кивать | вскочи́ть | подпры́гивать | подпрыгнуть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To react to a sudden, often unexpected, stimulus (such as a sharp prick or a loud sound) by jerking the body violently.


lexentry: eng/jump__Verb__1
written_rep: jump
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: перепры́гивать | перепры́гнуть | перескакивать | перескочить
sense_list:
(intransitive) To employ a move in certain board games where one game piece is moved from one legal position to another passing over the position of another piece.


lexentry: eng/jump_scare__Noun__1
written_rep: jump scare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скример
sense_list:
(narratology) The technique, typically used in horror films and video games, of having something occur suddenly and without warning to frighten the audience.


lexentry: eng/jumping_jack__Noun__1
written_rep: jumping jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: звёздочка
sense_list:
A physical exercise performed by jumping to a position with the legs spread wide and the hands touching overhead and then returning to a position with the feet together and the arms at the sides.


lexentry: eng/jumping_spider__Noun__1
written_rep: jumping spider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пау́к-скаку́нчик
sense_list:
Any of very many spiders, of the family Salticidae, that jump from place to place with the aid of a silk tether.


lexentry: eng/junction__Noun__1
written_rep: junction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: соедине́ние
sense_list:
The boundary between two physically different materials, especially between conductors, semiconductors, or metals.


lexentry: eng/jungle__Noun__1
written_rep: jungle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джу́нгли | джунгли
sense_list:
A large, undeveloped, humid forest, especially in a tropical region, that is home to many wild plants and animals; a tropical rainforest.


lexentry: eng/jungle_gym__Noun__1
written_rep: jungle gym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: констру́кция для ла́зания | сте́нка для ла́зания
sense_list:
(US, Israel) A play structure designed for children to climb on, traditionally constructed as a frame of metal bars as introduced in 1920.


lexentry: eng/juniper__Noun__1
written_rep: juniper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арча́ | можжеве́льник | ядло́вец
sense_list:
Any shrub or tree of the genus Juniperus of the cypress family, which is characterized by pointed, needle-like leaves and aromatic berry-like cones.


lexentry: eng/junk_mail__Noun__1
written_rep: junk mail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(post) Any mail or letters that are not welcome or solicited and typically sent in bulk; especially mail of a commercial nature such as advertising circulars and form letters.

trans_list:
джанк-ме́йл | макулату́рная по́чта | нежела́тельная по́чта | почто́вая макулату́ра | почто́вый му́сор


lexentry: eng/junket__Noun__1
written_rep: junket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: приятная пое́здка | увеселительная пое́здка за казённый счёт
sense_list:
A pleasure-trip; a journey made for feasting or enjoyment, now especially a trip made ostensibly for business but which entails merrymaking or entertainment.


lexentry: eng/juridical__Adjective__1
written_rep: juridical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: юридический
sense_list:
Pertaining to the law or rule of law, legal; judicial, related to the administration of justice (as to jurisprudence, or to the function of a judge or court).


lexentry: eng/jury__Noun__1
written_rep: jury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: присяжный | суд прися́жных
sense_list:
(law) A group of individuals chosen from the general population to hear and decide a case in a court of law.


lexentry: eng/jussive__Noun__1
written_rep: jussive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: юсси́в
sense_list:
(grammar, uncountable, and, countable) The jussive mood, a verb inflection used to indicate a command, permission or agreement with a request; an instance of a verb so inflected.


lexentry: eng/just_a_minute__Interjection__1
written_rep: just a minute
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мину́точку
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Stop; wait; hold on. Used to interrupt speech or proceedings so that one can make a comment or query.


lexentry: eng/just_a_second__Interjection__1
written_rep: just a second
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: секу́ндочку
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Stop; wait. Used to indicate that the speaker wishes the previous speaker or the proceedings to stop so that he or she can comment on what has been said or has happened so far.


lexentry: eng/justice__Noun__1
written_rep: justice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: справедли́вость | правосудие
sense_list:
The ideal of fairness, impartiality, etc., especially with regard to the punishment of wrongdoing. | Judgment and punishment of a party who has allegedly wronged another. | Correctness, conforming to reality or rules.


lexentry: eng/justification__Noun__1
written_rep: justification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оправда́ние
sense_list:
(countable) A reason, explanation, or excuse which someone believes provides convincing, morally acceptable support for behavior or for a belief or occurrence.


lexentry: eng/justification__Noun__1
written_rep: justification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: выра́внивание
sense_list:
(typography, uncountable) The alignment of text to the left margin (left justification), the right margin (right justification), or both margins (full justification).


lexentry: eng/justify__Verb__1
written_rep: justify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вы́ровнять | выра́внивать
sense_list:
(transitive, typography) To arrange (text) on a page or a computer screen such that the left and right ends of all lines within paragraphs are aligned.


lexentry: eng/jute__Noun__1
written_rep: jute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: джут
sense_list:
The coarse, strong fiber of the East Indian plants, Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsularis, used to make mats, paper, gunny cloth etc.


lexentry: eng/kaboom__Interjection__1
written_rep: kaboom
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба-ба́х | баба́х | бах | бац | бум | бух
sense_list:
(mimesis) An explosion; the word is typically seen in comic strips or heard in a light-hearted conversation.


lexentry: eng/kabuki__Noun__1
written_rep: kabuki
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кабу́ки | кабуки
sense_list:
(often, capitalized) A form of Japanese theatre in which elaborately costumed male performers use stylized movements, dances, and songs in order to enact tragedies and comedies.


lexentry: eng/kachelofen__Noun__1
written_rep: kachelofen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изразцо́вая печь
sense_list:
A German type of ceramic tile stove or cocklestove which captures heat from periodic burning of fuel such as wood and radiates it over a long period to heat a living space.


lexentry: eng/kaddish__Noun__1
written_rep: kaddish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кадиш
sense_list:
(Judaism) A Jewish prayer of praise to God recited during services, and specifically when mourning the death of a close relative.


lexentry: eng/kaffir__Noun__1
written_rep: kaffir
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: кафр
sense_list:
(countable, South Africa, Rhodesia, ethnic slur, offensive, derogatory) A black person. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/kafir__Noun__1
written_rep: kafir
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гяу́р | ка́фи́р | кя́фи́р
sense_list:
(Islam, countable, offensive, religious slur, political) A disbeliever, a denier: someone who rejects or disbelieves in Allah or the tenets of Islam; or more broadly any non-Muslim.


lexentry: eng/kailan__Noun__1
written_rep: kailan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гайла́нь
sense_list:
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra, a long, blue-green vegetable with thick, glossy stems and leaves typically eaten in Chinese and particularly Cantonese cooking.


lexentry: eng/kakapo__Noun__1
written_rep: kakapo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: какапо́ | сови́ный попуга́й
sense_list:
A large flightless parrot, Strigops habroptila, with greenish plumage, that is nocturnal and native to New Zealand.


lexentry: eng/kakistocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: kakistocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: какистокра́тия
sense_list:
(political science) Government under the control of a nation's worst or least-qualified citizens. [from 1829.]


lexentry: eng/kakuro__Noun__1
written_rep: kakuro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: какуро
sense_list:
(games) A type of number puzzle, similar to a crossword but with numbers. Each "clue" is the sum of the digits to be placed in its group of squares, and no digit can be repeated within a group.


lexentry: eng/kalach__Noun__1
written_rep: kalach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кала́ч | кола́ч
sense_list:
Traditional East Slavic bread shaped like a padlock or various kinds of wheels. Other Slavic nations have similar but not identical types of pastry, e.g. Czech or Slovak koláč/koláč, Polish kołacz, Bulgarian колач, Serbo-Croatian колач/kolač, etc.


lexentry: eng/kale__Noun__1
written_rep: kale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: браунко́ль | грюнко́ль | кале́ | листова́я капу́ста
sense_list:
An edible plant, similar to cabbage, with curled leaves that do not form a dense head (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)


lexentry: eng/kaleidoscope__Noun__1
written_rep: kaleidoscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: калейдоско́п | калейдоскоп
sense_list:
An instrument consisting of a tube containing mirrors and loose, colourful beads or other objects; when the tube is looked into and rotated, a succession of symmetrical designs can be seen. [from 1817]


lexentry: eng/kalima__Noun__1
written_rep: kalima
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кали́ма | калима́
sense_list:
(Islam) the formal content of the shahada (declaration of faith): لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah."


lexentry: eng/kalokagathia__Noun__1
written_rep: kalokagathia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: калокага́тия | калокагати́я
sense_list:
(philosophy) A Platonic teaching consisting of the harmonious combination of bodily, moral and spiritual virtues.


lexentry: eng/kamancheh__Noun__1
written_rep: kamancheh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кеманча́ | кяманча́
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A long-necked stringed instrument (a spike fiddle) with a bowl-shaped body, traditionally featuring three silk strings but now more often four metal ones, played with a bow, common among the peoples of the Caucasus, Anatolia and the Near East.


lexentry: eng/kamikaze__Noun__1
written_rep: kamikaze
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: камика́дзе | сме́ртник | сме́ртница
sense_list:
One who carries out a suicide attack, especially with an aircraft. | A vehicle used for a suicide attack, especially an aircraft.


lexentry: eng/kamora__Noun__1
written_rep: kamora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: камо́ра
sense_list:
The diacritic ҄, used in the Old Cyrillic alphabet to represent palatalization of certain consonants.


lexentry: eng/kana__Noun__1
written_rep: kana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́на
sense_list:
The hiragana and katakana syllabaries. These are made up of characters that represent individual syllables, which are used to write Japanese words and particles. Kana are derived from kanji.


lexentry: eng/kangaroo__Noun__1
written_rep: kangaroo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кенгуру́ | кенгуру
sense_list:
A member of the Macropodidae family of large marsupials with strong hind legs for hopping, native to Australia. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/kangaroo_court__Noun__1
written_rep: kangaroo court
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: паро́дия на суд | суд кенгуру́ | шемя́кин суд
sense_list:
(originally, US, idiomatic) A judicial or quasi-judicial proceeding, or a group of people which conducts such proceedings, which is without proper authority, and often acts abusively or decides unjustly. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/kangaroo_jacket__Noun__1
written_rep: kangaroo jacket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кенгуру́шка
sense_list:
A sweatshirt or jacket where the left and right pockets meet in the middle to make one large pocket.


lexentry: eng/kango__Noun__1
written_rep: kango
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: канго́
sense_list:
A Japanese word of Chinese origin, or a Japanese word coined along Chinese lines (a Sino-Japanese word).


lexentry: eng/kantele__Noun__1
written_rep: kantele
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гусли
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A plucked string instrument (a zither) of the Baltic psaltery family, traditionally with five strings but now more widely varying, originating in the folk music of Finland, where it is seen as a national symbol.


lexentry: eng/kaolinite__Noun__1
written_rep: kaolinite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каолини́т | каолинит
sense_list:
(mineral) A common hydrous aluminosilicate mineral found in sediments, soils and sedimentary rocks, Al2Si2O5(OH)4; one of the kaolin group of minerals.


lexentry: eng/kaon__Noun__1
written_rep: kaon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: као́н
sense_list:
(particle) any of four unstable subatomic particles, mesons, they are a combination of a strange quark or antiquark and either an up or down quark or antiquark


lexentry: eng/kaph__Noun__1
written_rep: kaph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каф | кяф
sense_list:
The eleventh letter of many Semitic alphabets/abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).


lexentry: eng/kapo__Noun__1
written_rep: kapo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: капо́
sense_list:
(historical) A prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp who was given food and privileges in return for supervising other prisoners doing forced labor.


lexentry: eng/kapok__Noun__1
written_rep: kapok
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: капо́к
sense_list:
A silky fibre obtained from seed pods of the silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) used for insulation and stuffing for mattresses, pillows, etc.


lexentry: eng/kapok_tree__Noun__1
written_rep: kapok tree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сыродел
sense_list:
Ceiba pentandra, a tree of the tropical Americas and west-central Africa, with white flowers, cultivated in south-east Asia for its seed fibre.


lexentry: eng/karaoke__Noun__1
written_rep: karaoke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карао́ке | караоке
sense_list:
(uncountable) A form of entertainment popular in clubs, at parties, etc, in which individual members of the public sing along to pre-recorded instrumental versions of popular songs, the lyrics of which are displayed for the singer on a screen in time with the music.


lexentry: eng/karate__Noun__1
written_rep: karate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карате́ | каратэ́ | каратэ
sense_list:
An Okinawan martial art involving primarily punching and kicking, but additionally, advanced throws, arm bars, grappling and all means of fighting.


lexentry: eng/karma__Noun__1
written_rep: karma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́рма | карма
sense_list:
(Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) The sum total of a person's actions, which determine the person's next incarnation in samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth.


lexentry: eng/karnay__Noun__2
written_rep: karnay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карна́й
sense_list:
a long trumpet or horn made of brass or copper, used as a traditional instrument in Uzbekistan and other parts of Central Asia


lexentry: eng/karpas__Noun__1
written_rep: karpas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карпа́с
sense_list:
(Judaism) A traditional ritual dish eaten at Passover, consisting of a vegetable (typically celery or parsley) dipped in salt water or other liquid.


lexentry: eng/karst__Noun__1
written_rep: karst
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карст
sense_list:
(geology) A type of land formation, usually with many caves formed through the dissolving of limestone by underground drainage.


lexentry: eng/karyotype__Noun__1
written_rep: karyotype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кариоти́п
sense_list:
(genetics) The observed characteristics (number, type, shape, etc) of the chromosomes of an individual or species.


lexentry: eng/kashida__Noun__1
written_rep: kashida
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каши́да | татви́ль
sense_list:
(uncountable) A type of justification used in some cursive scripts, particularly (Perso)-Arabic, where characters are elongated rather than separated by spaces. | (countable) A character representing this elongation.


lexentry: eng/kasra__Noun__1
written_rep: kasra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́сра | кя́сра
sense_list:
In Arabic script, the vowel point for "i", appearing as a small diagonal line placed below a letter ( ⁧ـِ⁩ ) and designating a short i /i/. If the Arabic letter ي immediately follows, it indicates a long ī /iː/. | In a fully vocalised Persian ـِ represents the vowel /e/ and is only used in front of ـی to represent a diphthong, so unmarked دی is /di/ but دِی with the diacritic is /dej/. This usage is different from Arabic.


lexentry: eng/katakana__Noun__1
written_rep: katakana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ката́кана | катака́на
sense_list:
(uncountable) A Japanese syllabary used when writing words borrowed from foreign languages other than Chinese, specific names of plants and animals and other jargon, onomatopoeia, or to emphasize a word or phrase. Also used to write the Ainu language.


lexentry: eng/katal__Noun__1
written_rep: katal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: катал
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of catalytic activity; one mole per second. Symbol: kat.


lexentry: eng/katana__Noun__1
written_rep: katana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ката́на | катана
sense_list:
A type of Japanese longsword or 日本刀, having a single edge and slight curvature, historically used by samurai and ninja.


lexentry: eng/katogo__Noun__1
written_rep: katogo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: катого
sense_list:
(Uganda) A traditional breakfast dish consisting of a sauce containing legumes and offal to which a staple such as cassava or matoke is added, all cooked in the same pot.


lexentry: eng/kayak__Noun__1
written_rep: kayak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: байда́рка | кая́к | каяк
sense_list:
A type of small boat, covered over by a surface deck, powered by the occupant or occupants using a double-bladed paddle in a sitting position, from a hole in the surface deck


lexentry: eng/kazoo__Noun__1
written_rep: kazoo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: казу́
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A simple musical instrument (a membranophone) consisting of a pipe with a hole in it, producing a buzzing sound when the player hums into it.


lexentry: eng/kebab__Noun__1
written_rep: kebab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кеба́б | шашлы́к
sense_list:
(British) A dish of pieces of meat, fish, or vegetables roasted on a skewer or spit, especially a doner kebab.


lexentry: eng/keel__Noun__1
written_rep: keel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: киль
sense_list:
(nautical) A large beam along the underside of a ship’s hull from bow to stern. | (nautical) A rigid, flat piece of material anchored to the lowest part of the hull of a ship to give it greater control and stability.


lexentry: eng/keel_over__Verb__1
written_rep: keel over
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: переверну́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, nautical, also, _, figuratively) Of a vessel: to roll so far on its side that it cannot recover; to capsize or turn turtle.


lexentry: eng/keelson__Noun__1
written_rep: keelson
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кильсо́н
sense_list:
(nautical) A longitudinal beam fastened on top of the keel of a vessel for strength and stiffness. [from c. 1611]


lexentry: eng/keen__Adjective__1
written_rep: keen
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проница́тельный | сообрази́тельный
sense_list:
(chiefly, Commonwealth) Often with a prepositional phrase, or with to and an infinitive: showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness; eager, enthusiastic, interested.


lexentry: eng/keep__Verb__1
written_rep: keep
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: держа́ть | храни́ть
sense_list:
To continue in (a course or mode of action); to not intermit or fall from; to uphold or maintain. | (ditransitive) To maintain the condition of; to preserve in a certain state.


lexentry: eng/keep_mum__Verb__1
written_rep: keep mum
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: молча́ть в тря́почку
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To refrain from talking, especially to remain silent about something that may be sensitive or secret.


lexentry: eng/keep_someone_company__Verb__1
written_rep: keep someone company
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подде́рживать компа́нию | поддержа́ть компа́нию
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To remain with or accompany someone, especially to make them feel more comfortable with a certain situation.


lexentry: eng/keep_the_change__Phrase__1
written_rep: keep the change
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сда́чи не на́до
sense_list:
An instruction to a taxi driver, waiter etc. to keep the change from the amount handed over as a tip.


lexentry: eng/keep_up_appearances__Verb__1
written_rep: keep up appearances
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To pretend to be all right or that everything is going well; to maintain an appearance of wealth, comfort, or propriety.

trans_list:
де́лать хоро́шую ми́ну при плохо́й игре́ | держа́ть хоро́шую ми́ну при плохо́й игре́ | сохраня́ть хоро́шую ми́ну при плохо́й игре́


lexentry: eng/keeper__Noun__1
written_rep: keeper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: охра́нник | сто́рож | стра́жник | храни́тель | храни́тельница
sense_list:
A person charged with guarding or caring for, storing, or maintaining something; a custodian, a guard; sometimes a gamekeeper.


lexentry: eng/keeper__Noun__1
written_rep: keeper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: контрга́йка
sense_list:
A part of a mechanism that catches or retains another part, for example the part of a door lock that fits in the frame and receives the bolt.


lexentry: eng/keepsake__Noun__1
written_rep: keepsake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сувени́р
sense_list:
Some object given by a person and retained in memory of something or someone; something kept for sentimental or nostalgic reasons.


lexentry: eng/keirin__Noun__1
written_rep: keirin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кейрин
sense_list:
(cycle racing) A form of track cycling originating in Japan, where riders must initially race behind a motorised pace-setter, the derny.


lexentry: eng/kelpie__Noun__1
written_rep: kelpie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ке́лпи
sense_list:
(Celtic mythology) A malevolent shapeshifting spirit, most often in the form of a horse, believed to haunt the rivers and lochs of Scotland.


lexentry: eng/kelvin__Noun__1
written_rep: kelvin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ке́львин | кельвин
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the base unit of thermodynamic temperature; 1⁄273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. Shown as "K".


lexentry: eng/kenning__Noun__3
written_rep: kenning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ке́ннинг
sense_list:
(poetry) A metaphorical compound or phrase, used especially in Germanic poetry (Old English or Old Norse) whereby a simple thing is described in an allusive way.


lexentry: eng/keratoconus__Noun__1
written_rep: keratoconus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кератоконус
sense_list:
(pathology) A degenerative non-inflammatory disorder of the eye in which structural changes within the cornea cause it to thin and change to a more conical shape than its normal even curve


lexentry: eng/kerb__Noun__1
written_rep: kerb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бордю́р | поре́брик
sense_list:
(British, AU, NZ) The raised edge between the pavement and the roadway, typically made of concrete though originally consisting of a line of kerbstones.


lexentry: eng/kerfing__Noun__1
written_rep: kerfing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[ко́нтробечайка]] с [[пропил|пропи́лами]]
sense_list:
(music, chiefly, lutherie) A thin strip of wood kerfed to allow easy bending and then glued inside the body of a string instrument along the rim between its two abutting sides to reinforce the joint.


lexentry: eng/kerfuffle__Noun__1
written_rep: kerfuffle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сумато́ха
sense_list:
(chiefly, Commonwealth, informal) A disorderly outburst, disturbance, commotion, or tumult. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/kernel__Noun__1
written_rep: kernel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ядро́ | сердцеви́на
sense_list:
(botany) The central (usually edible) part of a nut, especially once the hard shell has been removed.


lexentry: eng/kernel__Noun__1
written_rep: kernel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: ядро́ | ядро
sense_list:
(computing) The central part of many computer operating systems which manages the system's resources and the communication between hardware and software components. | (mathematics, linear algebra, group theory, functional analysis) For a given function (especially a linear transformation between vector spaces or homomorphism between groups), the set of elements in the domain which are mapped to zero; (formally) given f : X → Y, the set {x ∈ X : f(x) = 0}.


lexentry: eng/kerosene__Noun__1
written_rep: kerosene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кероси́н
sense_list:
A thin colorless, blue- or straw-colored petroleum-based fuel heavier than gasoline/petrol or naptha but lighter than diesel, used primarily as jet fuel but also for heating and lighting in some remote or impoverished areas.


lexentry: eng/kerygma__Noun__1
written_rep: kerygma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: керигма
sense_list:
The Apostolic proclamation of religious truths; the core teachings of Christianity taught by the early Church.


lexentry: eng/ketamine__Noun__1
written_rep: ketamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кетами́н
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic compound used as an anesthetic and analgesic drug and also (illicitly) as a hallucinogen.


lexentry: eng/ketch__Noun__1
written_rep: ketch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кеч
sense_list:
A fore-and-aft rigged sailing vessel with two masts, main and mizzen, the mizzen being stepped forward of the rudder post.


lexentry: eng/ketchup__Noun__1
written_rep: ketchup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ке́тчуп | тома́тный со́ус | кетчуп
sense_list:
(uncountable, chiefly, US, Canada, UK) Ellipsis of tomato ketchup. A tomato-vinegar-based sauce, sometimes containing spices, onion or garlic, and (especially in the US) sweeteners.


lexentry: eng/ketone__Noun__1
written_rep: ketone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кето́н | кетон
sense_list:
(organic compound) A homologous series of organic molecules whose functional group is an oxygen atom joined to a carbon atom—by a double bond—in a carbon-hydrogen based molecule.


lexentry: eng/kettlebell__Noun__1
written_rep: kettlebell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ги́ря
sense_list:
A weight consisting of a cast iron ball with a single handle for gripping the weight during exercise.


lexentry: eng/kettledrum__Noun__1
written_rep: kettledrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лита́вра
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A large percussion instrument with a drumhead that is stretched over a hemispherical metal bowl.


lexentry: eng/kettling__Noun__1
written_rep: kettling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вентерь
sense_list:
A crowd control technique, used by police, where a hostile group of protesters or rioters are surrounded and not allowed to disperse, sometimes with the use of temporary fencing to corral and isolate portions of the group.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
written_rep: key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ключ
sense_list:
An object designed to open and close a lock. | A crucial step or requirement. | In musical instruments, one of the valve levers used to select notes, such as a lever opening a hole on a woodwind. | (historical) A manual electrical switching device primarily used for the transmission of Morse code. | (cryptography) A piece of information (e.g., a password or passphrase) used to encode or decode a message or messages. | (databases) In a relational database, a field used as an index into another table (not necessarily unique). | (computing) A value that uniquely identifies an entry in a container. | (biology) A series of logically organized groups of discriminating information which aims to allow the user to correctly identify a taxon.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
written_rep: key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: клин | чека́ | шпо́нка
sense_list:
An object designed to fit between two other objects (such as a shaft and a wheel) in a mechanism and maintain their relative orientation. | (basketball) The free-throw lane together with the circle surrounding the free-throw line, the free-throw lane having formerly been narrower, giving the area the shape of a skeleton key hole.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
written_rep: key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: кла́виша | кно́пка | клавиша
sense_list:
(computing) One of several small, usually square buttons on a typewriter or computer keyboard, mostly corresponding to text characters.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
written_rep: key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ключ | кла́виша | клавиша
sense_list:
In instruments with a keyboard such as an organ or piano, one of the levers, or especially the exposed front end of it, which are depressed to cause a particular sound or note to be produced.


lexentry: eng/key_fob__Noun__1
written_rep: key fob
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: брело́к
sense_list:
An item carried on a key ring either as decoration or for security. | A passive wireless electronic device that usually uses RFID technology to control access to buildings, containers, computers, etc. by being placed near a detector. | An active wireless electronic device that controls access to buildings or vehicles, such as a remote control for a car door lock.


lexentry: eng/key_performance_indicator__Noun__1
written_rep: key performance indicator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: КПЭ | ключево́й показа́тель эффекти́вности
sense_list:
(management) A financial or non-financial metric used to help an organization define and measure progress towards its goals.


lexentry: eng/key_signature__Noun__1
written_rep: key signature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арматура
sense_list:
(music) An indication of the key of a composition, giving the number of sharps or flats in the corresponding scale.


lexentry: eng/keyboard__Noun__1
written_rep: keyboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клавиату́ра | клавиатура
sense_list:
(computing, etc.) A set of keys used to operate a typewriter, computer etc. | (music) A component of many instruments including the piano, organ, and harpsichord consisting of usually black and white keys that cause different tones to be produced when struck.


lexentry: eng/keyboard__Noun__1
written_rep: keyboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: клавиату́ра | синтеза́тор | клавиатура
sense_list:
(music) A device with keys of a musical keyboard, used to control electronic sound-producing devices which may be built into or separate from the keyboard device.


lexentry: eng/keyboard_shortcut__Noun__1
written_rep: keyboard shortcut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(computing) A key, or more usually a combination of keys, on the keyboard of a personal computer that activates a specific, predefined function.

trans_list:
бы́страя кла́виша | горячая кла́виша | клавишная комбина́ция быстрого вызова | сокращённая клавиатурная кома́нда | шорткат | шоткат


lexentry: eng/keycard__Noun__1
written_rep: keycard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пас
sense_list:
A usually plastic card which stores a digital signature that is used to operate an electronic access control lock.


lexentry: eng/keyframe__Noun__1
written_rep: keyframe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мультипликация по ключевым кадрам
sense_list:
A single frame in an animation sequence drawn by an artist, between which others are tweened. | (computer graphics) A complete video frame, used as a reference for subsequent interframes in video compression.


lexentry: eng/keyhole__Noun__1
written_rep: keyhole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: замо́чная сква́жина
sense_list:
Any small opening resembling the hole for a key in shape or function; especially, one that gives a vista of, or access to, a space beyond.


lexentry: eng/keynote__Noun__1
written_rep: keynote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: те́ма
sense_list:
A speech that sets the main theme of a conference or other gathering; a keynote speech or keynote address.


lexentry: eng/keystroke__Noun__1
written_rep: keystroke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[нажа́тие]] [[клавиша|кла́виш(и)]]
sense_list:
The act of pressing an input key; a keypress on a computer keyboard or a typewriter, or a similar input device.


lexentry: eng/keyway__Noun__1
written_rep: keyway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: замочная скважина
sense_list:
(dentistry) A slot into which a precision attachment (a key) is fitted. | The whole deep way the key has to go, the hollow or cavity.


lexentry: eng/keyword__Noun__1
written_rep: keyword
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ключево́е сло́во
sense_list:
(information science) Any word#Noun used in a reference work to link to other words or other information.


lexentry: eng/khagan__Noun__1
written_rep: khagan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кага́н
sense_list:
A khan of khans, a ruler of a khaganate; (the holder of) an imperial rank used among certain Turkic and Mongolian peoples, equal in status to an emperor.


lexentry: eng/khat__Noun__1
written_rep: khat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кат
sense_list:
A shrub, Catha edulis, whose leaves are used as a mild stimulant when chewed or brewed as tea; also a drug produced from this plant.


lexentry: eng/khedive__Noun__1
written_rep: khedive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хеди́в
sense_list:
The title of the hereditary monarch of Egypt from 1805–1914, nominally ruling as a viceroy of the Sultan of Turkey.


lexentry: eng/khorovod__Noun__1
written_rep: khorovod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: караго́д | корово́д | хо́ра | хорово́д
sense_list:
a Slavic art form, a combination of a circle dance and chorus singing, similar to chorea of ancient Greece, also in Romania (horă)


lexentry: eng/khutbah__Noun__1
written_rep: khutbah
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ху́тба
sense_list:
(Islam) A talk or sermon delivered in mosques before the Friday prayer, or at other special occasions.


lexentry: eng/kibbutz__Noun__1
written_rep: kibbutz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кибу́ц | кибуц
sense_list:
A community, usually an agricultural one in Israel, based on a high level of social and economical sharing, equality, direct democracy and tight social relations.


lexentry: eng/kibitka__Noun__1
written_rep: kibitka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: киби́тка
sense_list:
A Russian type of telega or sleigh with a (usually rounded) cover over the passenger seats. | A circular tent or yurt used by various nomadic peoples such as the Kalmyks and Kyrgyz.


lexentry: eng/kibitz__Verb__1
written_rep: kibitz
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: болта́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make small talk or idle chatter. | (intransitive, transitive) To watch a card or board game.


lexentry: eng/kibitz__Verb__1
written_rep: kibitz
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: дава́ть | непрошенный | подска́зывать | подсказа́ть | совет
sense_list:
(intransitive) To give unsolicited or unwanted advice or make unhelpful or idle comments, especially to someone playing a game.


lexentry: eng/kick-off__Noun__1
written_rep: kick-off
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: нача́ло | старт
sense_list:
(by extension) The opening sequence of any event. | (music) The opening sequence of notes in a song, usually played by the song's main instrument, to indicate the beginning of the song.


lexentry: eng/kick__Verb__1
written_rep: kick
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пнуть | ляга́ть | лягну́ть | пина́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To strike or hit with the foot or other extremity of the leg. | (transitive) To direct to a particular place by a blow with the foot or leg.


lexentry: eng/kick_ass__Verb__1
written_rep: kick ass
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (stative, idiomatic, US, Canada, colloquial, vulgar) To be very impressive.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[показа́ть]], на что ты [[способный|спосо́бен]]/[[способный|спосо́бна]] | быть [[классный|кла́ссным]] | быть [[невъебенный|невъебе́нным]] | быть [[охуенный|охуе́нным]] | быть [[охуительный|охуи́тельным]] | впечатли́ть


lexentry: eng/kick_ass__Verb__1
written_rep: kick ass
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (informal, vulgar, ambitransitive) To beat to a pulp; beat up
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list:
[[зада́ть]] [[жар|жа́ру]] | [[наве́шать]] [[пиздюль|пиздюле́й]] | [[надра́ть]] [[задница|за́дницу]] | вы́ебать | дать [[дрозд|дрозда́]] | дать [[пизда|пизды́]]


lexentry: eng/kick_off__Verb__1
written_rep: kick off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: дегенерировать
sense_list:
(intransitive, UK, idiomatic, colloquial) To be overcome with anger, to start an argument or a fight.


lexentry: eng/kick_the_bucket__Verb__1
written_rep: kick the bucket
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (idiomatic, euphemistic, colloquial, humorous) To die.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
откинуть копыта | дать ду́ба | коньки́ отбро́сить | почить в бозе | преставиться | приказа́ть до́лго жить


lexentry: eng/kick_wheel__Noun__1
written_rep: kick wheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гончарный круг
sense_list:
(ceramics) A wheel or disc used to throw pots, turned by kicking or pushing a heavy stone or concrete base with the foot.


lexentry: eng/kickback__Noun__1
written_rep: kickback
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: отка́т
sense_list:
(countable, informal) A covert, often illegal, payment in return for a favor consisting of providing an opportunity of chargeable transaction; a kind of bribe.


lexentry: eng/kickboxing__Noun__1
written_rep: kickboxing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кикбо́ксинг | кикбоксинг
sense_list:
(martial arts) A hybrid martial art derived from Muay Thai, karate and especially boxing during the 1960s to 1970s; more generally, any stand-up combat sport that combines kicks and punches.


lexentry: eng/kicker__Noun__1
written_rep: kicker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: подвох
sense_list:
(colloquial) An unexpected situation, detail or circumstance, often unpleasant, serving as a punchline or clincher.


lexentry: eng/kicksled__Noun__1
written_rep: kicksled
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фи́нские са́нки | са́нки
sense_list:
A type of small sled consisting of a handlebar mounted on a pair of flexible metal runners. The driver stands on the runners and kicks the sled forward with one foot. In front of the handlebar there's often a seat for a passenger.


lexentry: eng/kickstand__Noun__1
written_rep: kickstand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подно́жка | сто́йка
sense_list:
A levered bar that can be folded down from the frame of a bicycle or motorcycle to prop it upright when not being ridden.


lexentry: eng/kiddo__Noun__1
written_rep: kiddo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дочь
sense_list:
(US, Australia, NZ) A close friend; especially used as a form of address. | (US, Australia, NZ) A child.


lexentry: eng/kidney_dish__Noun__1
written_rep: kidney dish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нерка
sense_list:
(medicine, surgery) A shallow kidney-shaped basin for holding soiled dressings and other medical waste.


lexentry: eng/kill__Verb__1
written_rep: kill
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заглуша́ть | заглуши́ть | остана́вливать | останови́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To render inoperative. | (transitive, figuratively, hyperbole) To cause great pain, discomfort, or distress to; to hurt.


lexentry: eng/kill_time__Verb__1
written_rep: kill time
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уби́ть вре́мя | убива́ть вре́мя
sense_list:
(informal, intransitive) To engage in an activity whose only purpose is to make the time seem to pass more quickly; to fill the time between activities.


lexentry: eng/killdeer__Noun__1
written_rep: killdeer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крикли́вый зуёк
sense_list:
A North American plover (Charadrius vociferus) with a distinctive cry and territorial behavior that includes feigning injury to attract predators and spare the young in the nest.


lexentry: eng/kiln__Noun__1
written_rep: kiln
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[сушильный|суши́льная]] печь | печь для [[обжиг|о́бжига]] и [[сушка|су́шки]]
sense_list:
An oven or furnace or a heated chamber, for the purpose of hardening, burning, calcining or drying anything; for example, firing ceramics, curing or preserving tobacco, or drying grain.


lexentry: eng/kilo-__Prefix__1
written_rep: kilo-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кило-
sense_list:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 1,000. Symbol: k | (computing) Multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 210 (1024)


lexentry: eng/kilo__Noun__1
written_rep: kilo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кило́ | кило
sense_list:
(international standards) Alternative letter-case form of Kilo from the NATO/ICAO Phonetic Alphabet.


lexentry: eng/kilogram__Noun__1
written_rep: kilogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кило́ | килогра́мм | килограмм
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the base unit of mass; conceived of as the mass of one litre of water, but now defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.626 070 15 × 10-34 when expressed in units of kg⋅m2⋅s−1. Symbol: kg


lexentry: eng/kiloton__Noun__1
written_rep: kiloton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: килото́нна
sense_list:
A measure of the strength of an explosion or a bomb based on how many thousand tons of TNT would be needed to produce the same energy.


lexentry: eng/kilt__Noun__1
written_rep: kilt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: килт | [[шотландский|шотла́ндская]] [[ю́бка]]
sense_list:
A traditional Scottish garment, usually worn by men, having roughly the same morphology as a wrap-around skirt, with overlapping front aprons and pleated around the sides and back, and usually made of twill-woven worsted wool with a tartan pattern. [from 18th c.] | A variety of non-bifurcated garments made for men and loosely resembling a Scottish kilt, but most often made from different fabrics and not always with tartan plaid designs.


lexentry: eng/kilter__Noun__1
written_rep: kilter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: порядок
sense_list:
(chiefly in the negative) Chiefly in out of kilter: (good) condition, form, or order; fettle. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/kimbap__Noun__1
written_rep: kimbap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кимба́п | суши
sense_list:
A Korean dish of steamed white rice and other ingredients rolled in sheets of dried laver seaweed and served in bite-size slices.


lexentry: eng/kimchi__Noun__1
written_rep: kimchi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кимчи́ | кимчхи́
sense_list:
A Korean dish made of vegetables, such as cabbage or radishes, that are salted, seasoned, and stored in sealed containers to undergo lactic acid fermentation.


lexentry: eng/kimono__Noun__1
written_rep: kimono
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кимоно́ | кимоно
sense_list:
A traditional Japanese T-shaped, wrapped-front garment with square sleeves and a rectangular body, now generally worn only on formal occasions.


lexentry: eng/kindergarten__Noun__1
written_rep: kindergarten
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тский са́дик | де́тский сад | детса́д | детса́дик | са́дик | сад
sense_list:
(North America, Australia) An educational institution for young children, usually between ages 4 and 6; nursery school. [from 1852]


lexentry: eng/kindle__Verb__1
written_rep: kindle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заже́чь | зажига́ть | разже́чь | разжига́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, figuratively) To arouse or inspire (a passion, etc). | (intransitive, figuratively) To begin to grow or take hold.


lexentry: eng/kinematics__Noun__1
written_rep: kinematics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кинема́тика | кинематика
sense_list:
(physics) The branch of mechanics concerned with objects in motion, but not with the forces involved.


lexentry: eng/kinesiology__Noun__1
written_rep: kinesiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кинезиоло́гия
sense_list:
(medicine) The study of body movement. | (medicine) The application of such principles to the diagnosis and treatment of muscular imbalance.


lexentry: eng/kinesthesia__Noun__1
written_rep: kinesthesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кинестези́я
sense_list:
Proprioception or static position sense; the perception of the position and posture of the body; also, more broadly, including the motion of the body as well. See usage notes below.


lexentry: eng/kinetic_energy__Noun__1
written_rep: kinetic energy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кинети́ческая эне́ргия
sense_list:
(physics) The energy possessed by an object because of its motion, equal (nonrelativistically) to one half the mass of the body times the square of its speed.


lexentry: eng/kinetics__Noun__1
written_rep: kinetics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кине́тика
sense_list:
(mechanics) The branch of mechanics concerned with motion of objects, as well as the reason i.e. the forces acting on such bodies. This, along with kinematics constitute dynamics, which is concerned purely with the effects of forces on moving bodies. | (chemistry) The branch of chemistry that is concerned with the rates of chemical reactions.


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
written_rep: king
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: король | царь | князь | коро́ль
sense_list:
A male monarch; a man who heads a monarchy. If it is an absolute monarchy, then he is the supreme ruler of his nation.


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
written_rep: king
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: да́мка
sense_list:
A checker (a piece of checkers/draughts) that reached the farthest row forward, thus becoming crowned (either by turning it upside-down, or by stacking another checker on it) and gaining more freedom of movement.


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
written_rep: king
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: коро́ль | король
sense_list:
(card games) A playing card with the letter "K" and the image of a king on it, the thirteenth card in a given suit.


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
written_rep: king
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: король | коро́ль
sense_list:
(chess) The principal chess piece, that players seek to threaten with unavoidable capture to result in a victory by checkmate. It is often the tallest piece, with a symbolic crown with a cross at the top.


lexentry: eng/king_cake__Noun__1
written_rep: king cake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пиро́г волхво́в
sense_list:
(Louisiana) A decorative cake distributed among friends or visitors on Epiphany. In many traditions it contains a pea, a trinket or some other small object which entitles its finder to be the "king" for one day.


lexentry: eng/king_cobra__Noun__1
written_rep: king cobra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: короле́вская ко́бра
sense_list:
A large venomous snake found in East Asia (Ophiophagus hannah), the longest venomous snake in the world.


lexentry: eng/king_of_the_hill__Noun__1
written_rep: king of the hill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: царь горы
sense_list:
(uncountable) A children's game in which one player stands on top of a hill or other location atop an incline, and attempts to repel other players whose goal is to capture his position. | (countable) The player in this game who stands atop the hill.


lexentry: eng/kingdom__Noun__1
written_rep: kingdom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: мир | ца́рство | царство
sense_list:
(taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below domain and above phylum; a taxon at that rank (e.g. the plant kingdom, the animal kingdom).


lexentry: eng/kingfisher__Noun__1
written_rep: kingfisher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зиморо́док | зимородок
sense_list:
Any of various birds of the suborder Alcedines (or the family Alcedinidae sensu lato), having a large head, short tail and brilliant colouration; they feed mostly on fish.


lexentry: eng/kinglet__Noun__1
written_rep: kinglet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: королёк
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, pejorative) A petty king; a king ruling over a small or unimportant territory. | Any of several birds of the family Regulidae.


lexentry: eng/kingpin__Noun__1
written_rep: kingpin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вал | ось | шкво́рень
sense_list:
(transportation) The axis around which steered wheels pivot; a bolt that holds the axis in place—a kingbolt. | (transportation) The pivot or connector between a tractor and trailer in the fifth-wheel coupling of semi-trailer truck. | (ten-pin, _, bowling) The pin at the centre of the triangle of bowling pins (originally the tallest pin in kayles). Sometimes also the headpin at the apex. | The bolt holding together the truck of a roller skate or skateboard.


lexentry: eng/kinkajou__Noun__1
written_rep: kinkajou
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кинкажу́
sense_list:
Potos flavus, a carnivorous mammal of Central America and South America with a long, prehensile tail, related to the raccoon.


lexentry: eng/kinky__Adjective__1
written_rep: kinky
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: извращённый | ненорма́льный
sense_list:
(informal) Marked by unconventional sexual preferences or behavior, as fetishism, sadomasochism, and other sexual practices.


lexentry: eng/kiosk__Noun__1
written_rep: kiosk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бу́дка | кио́ск | ларёк
sense_list:
A small enclosed structure, often freestanding, open on one side or with a window, used as a booth to sell newspapers, cigarettes, etc.


lexentry: eng/kip__Verb__1
written_rep: kip
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: всхрапну́ть | заночева́ть | перекантова́ться | перекема́рить | переночева́ть | покема́рить
sense_list:
(informal, chiefly, UK) To sleep; often with the connotation of a temporary or charitable situation, or one borne out of necessity.


lexentry: eng/kisaeng__Noun__1
written_rep: kisaeng
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кисэ́н
sense_list:
(historical) A member of a traditional Korean caste of female entertainers, whose work often included prostitution.


lexentry: eng/kisel__Noun__1
written_rep: kisel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кисе́ль
sense_list:
A dessert (sometimes consumed as a drink) made from fruit or berry juice and thickened with starch, common in Slavic and Baltic countries as well as Finland.


lexentry: eng/kiss__Verb__1
written_rep: kiss
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поцелова́ть | целова́ть | целова́ться | целовать
sense_list:
(transitive) To touch with the lips or press the lips against, usually to show love or affection or passion, or as part of a greeting.


lexentry: eng/kiss__Verb__1
written_rep: kiss
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: поцелова́ться | целова́ться | целовать
sense_list:
(intransitive) Of two or more people, to touch each other's lips together, usually to express love or affection or passion.


lexentry: eng/kiss_me__Phrase__1
written_rep: kiss me
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поцелу́й меня́
sense_list:
I informally request that you kiss me—that you touch my lips with your lips or press the lips against, as an expression of love or affection.


lexentry: eng/kissing_gourami__Noun__1
written_rep: kissing gourami
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хелосто́ма | целу́ющийся гура́ми
sense_list:
A large tropical freshwater fish (Helostoma temminckii), commercial food fish which are farmed in their native Southeast Asia and are also popular with aquarists for the fish's peculiar "kissing" behaviour.


lexentry: eng/kit__Noun__1
written_rep: kit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: компле́кт | набо́р | обору́дование | снаряже́ние
sense_list:
Any collection of items needed for a specific purpose, especially for use by a workman, or personal effects packed for travelling.


lexentry: eng/kitchen_cabinet__Noun__2
written_rep: kitchen cabinet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кухонный кабинет
sense_list:
(informal) An informal group of advisors to a country's chief executive, as distinguished from the official cabinet.


lexentry: eng/kitchen_paper__Noun__1
written_rep: kitchen paper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бумажный полотенце
sense_list:
(UK) Paper towels intended for kitchen purposes such as absorbing spillages and wrapping sandwiches.


lexentry: eng/kitchen_sink__Noun__1
written_rep: kitchen sink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: всякая всячина
sense_list:
(figurative) A miscellany or a miscellaneous item; an item exemplifying an indiscriminate profusion.


lexentry: eng/kite__Noun__1
written_rep: kite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: змей | возду́шный змей | дельто́ид
sense_list:
(geometry) A polygon resembling the shape of a traditional toy kite (sense 3): a quadrilateral having two pairs of edges of equal length, the edges of each pair touching each other at one end.


lexentry: eng/kite__Noun__1
written_rep: kite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: змей | возду́шный змей | воздушный змей
sense_list:
(sailing, dated) In a square-rigged ship: originally a sail positioned above a topsail; later a lightweight sail set above the topgallants, such as a studding sail or a jib topsail.


lexentry: eng/kite__Verb__1
written_rep: kite
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: запуска́ть зме́я
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, rare) To manipulate like a toy kite; also, usually preceded by an inflection of go: to fly a toy kite.


lexentry: eng/kith__Noun__1
written_rep: kith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[друг|друзья́]] и [[знакомый|знако́мые]]
sense_list:
(archaic, or, obsolete, uncountable) Friends and acquaintances. | (Northern England, Scotland, rural, countable) An acquaintance or a friend.


lexentry: eng/kitsch__Noun__1
written_rep: kitsch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: китч
sense_list:
Art, decorative objects, and other forms of representation of questionable artistic or aesthetic value; a representation that is excessively sentimental, overdone, or vulgar.


lexentry: eng/kitsune__Noun__1
written_rep: kitsune
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кицу́нэ
sense_list:
(Japanese mythology) A Japanese fox spirit, often but not exclusively female, said to have powers such as shape-shifting, and whose power is symbolized by increase in number of tails.


lexentry: eng/kittiwake__Noun__1
written_rep: kittiwake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мо́евка
sense_list:
Either of two small gulls in the genus Rissa of the family Laridae that nest in colonies on sea cliffs and spend the winter on the open ocean.


lexentry: eng/kiwi_fruit__Noun__1
written_rep: kiwi fruit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ки́ви
sense_list:
A Chinese gooseberry vine fruit, having a hairy brown skin and dark green (or in the case of the kiwi fruit gold, yellow) flesh with fine black seeds, almost always varieties of Actinidia deliciosa.


lexentry: eng/klepht__Noun__1
written_rep: klepht
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вор
sense_list:
(historical) An anti-Ottoman insurgent living in the mountains when Greece was a part of the Ottoman Empire.


lexentry: eng/kleptomania__Noun__1
written_rep: kleptomania
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клептома́ния | клептомания
sense_list:
(psychology) A psychological disorder that causes an uncontrollable obsession with stealing without economic or material need.


lexentry: eng/klipspringer__Noun__1
written_rep: klipspringer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антило́па-прыгу́н | клиппшпрингер
sense_list:
A small antelope native to eastern and southern Africa having a dense, brown, speckled coat (Oreotragus oreotragus).


lexentry: eng/kliros__Noun__1
written_rep: kliros
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кли́рос
sense_list:
(Christianity) The section of an Eastern Orthodox or Eastern Catholic church dedicated to the choir.


lexentry: eng/kludge__Noun__1
written_rep: kludge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: время́нка | косты́ль
sense_list:
(informal) Any construction or practice, typically crude yet effective, designed to solve a problem temporarily or expediently.


lexentry: eng/knackwurst__Noun__1
written_rep: knackwurst
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сосиска
sense_list:
A highly seasoned scalded sausage made from beef, pork, and fatty tissue similar to a frankfurter, but shorter and thicker.


lexentry: eng/knead__Verb__1
written_rep: knead
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заме́шивать | замеси́ть | меси́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To work and press into a mass, usually with the hands; especially, to work, as by repeated pressure with the knuckles, into a well mixed mass, the materials of bread, cake, etc.


lexentry: eng/kneaded_eraser__Noun__1
written_rep: kneaded eraser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кля́чка | сни́мка
sense_list:
A tool made from pliable material resembling putty or chewing gum used to absorb graphite or charcoal.


lexentry: eng/knee-high__Noun__1
written_rep: knee-high
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гольф
sense_list:
(US, usually, in the plural) A sock or stocking that reaches to the knees; chiefly, women's nylon stockings that end slightly above the knee and supported by garter belts.


lexentry: eng/knee__Noun__1
written_rep: knee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колено | коле́но
sense_list:
In humans, the joint or the region of the joint in the middle part of the leg between the thigh and the shank.


lexentry: eng/knee__Noun__1
written_rep: knee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: колено
sense_list:
The part of a garment that covers the knee. | (figurative) The presence of a parent etc., where a young child acquires early knowledge.


lexentry: eng/knife__Noun__1
written_rep: knife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нож | но́жик
sense_list:
A utensil or a tool designed for cutting, consisting of a flat piece of hard material, usually steel or other metal (the blade), usually sharpened on one edge, attached to a handle. The blade may be pointed for piercing.


lexentry: eng/knife__Noun__1
written_rep: knife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: нож | перо́ | теса́к | фи́нка
sense_list:
A weapon designed with the aforementioned specifications intended for slashing and/or stabbing and too short to be called a sword. A dagger.


lexentry: eng/knife__Verb__1
written_rep: knife
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заколо́ть | заре́зать | поре́зать | прире́зать | ре́зать
sense_list:
(transitive) To use a knife to injure or kill by stabbing, slashing, or otherwise using the sharp edge of the knife as a weapon.


lexentry: eng/knife_pleat__Noun__1
written_rep: knife pleat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: односторо́нняя незастро́ченная скла́дка | пряма́я скла́дка
sense_list:
(sewing) A type of sharply pressed pleating, especially in a skirt or kilt, in which all of the folds are turned in one direction, with each pleat being three layers of fabric thick.


lexentry: eng/knight-errant__Noun__1
written_rep: knight-errant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стра́нствующий ры́царь
sense_list:
A knight in a medieval romance who wanders in search of adventure and opportunities to prove his chivalry.


lexentry: eng/knight__Noun__1
written_rep: knight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: конь
sense_list:
(chess) A chess piece, often in the shape of a horse's head, that is moved two squares in one direction and one at right angles to that direction in a single move, leaping over any intervening pieces.


lexentry: eng/knighthood__Noun__1
written_rep: knighthood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ры́царство
sense_list:
An honour whereby one is made into a knight, and one can thereafter be called "Sir" | The quality of being a knight. | The knights collectively, the body of knights.


lexentry: eng/knish__Noun__1
written_rep: knish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кныш
sense_list:
An Eastern European Jewish, or Yiddish, snack food consisting of a dumpling covered with a shell of baked or fried dough


lexentry: eng/knit__Verb__1
written_rep: knit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вяза́ть | связа́ть | вязать
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To turn thread or yarn into a piece of fabric by forming loops that are pulled through each other. This can be done by hand with needles or by machine.


lexentry: eng/knob__Noun__1
written_rep: knob
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́пуклость | ру́чка
sense_list:
A rounded protuberance, especially one arising from a flat surface; a fleshy lump or caruncle. | A rounded control switch that can be turned on its axis, designed to be operated by the fingers.


lexentry: eng/knobhead__Noun__1
written_rep: knobhead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: болван | дурак | идиот | тупица
sense_list:
(Britain, Ireland, Commonwealth, derogatory, vulgar, slang) A fool; an idiot; a contemptible person.


lexentry: eng/knock_about__Verb__1
written_rep: knock about
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: напа́сть | напада́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To hit (someone or something) all over repeatedly; hence, to behave violently towards or mistreat (someone or something).


lexentry: eng/knock_down__Verb__1
written_rep: knock down
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вали́ть | повали́ть | сбива́ть | сбить
sense_list:
(transitive) To hit or knock (something or someone), intentionally or accidentally, so that it falls.


lexentry: eng/knock_it_off__Verb__1
written_rep: knock it off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: завязывать | кончать
sense_list:
(colloquial, mostly, imperative, idiom) To cease doing something, particulary annoying or unpleasant; to desist.


lexentry: eng/knock_on_wood__Verb__1
written_rep: knock on wood
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: постуча́ть по де́реву | сплю́нуть че́рез ле́вое плечо́
sense_list:
(idiomatic, US) To take a customary action to ward off some misfortune that is believed to be attracted by a presumptuous statement.


lexentry: eng/knock_up__Verb__1
written_rep: knock up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: [[де́лать]] [[беременная|бере́менной]] | [[сде́лать]] [[беременная|бере́менной]] | обрюха́тить
sense_list:
(dated, intransitive) To become exhausted or worn out; to fail of strength; to become wearied, as with labor; to give out. [from 18th c.] | (slang, principally American) To impregnate, especially out of wedlock. See knocked up. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/knock_up__Verb__1
written_rep: knock up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: разминаться
sense_list:
(racket sports, intransitive) To gently hit the ball back and forth before a tennis match, as practice or warm-up, and to gauge the state of the playing surface, lighting, etc. See knock-up. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/knockoff__Noun__1
written_rep: knockoff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подделка
sense_list:
An imitation of something, particularly a well-known product, usually lower in quality and price than the original.


lexentry: eng/knockout__Noun__1
written_rep: knockout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нока́ут
sense_list:
The act of making one unconscious, or at least unable to come back on one's feet within a certain period of time; a TKO.


lexentry: eng/knot__Noun__1
written_rep: knot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: у́зел | узел
sense_list:
A looping of a piece of string or of any other long, flexible material that cannot be untangled without passing one or both ends of the material through its loops. | (mathematics) A non-self-intersecting closed curve in (e.g., three-dimensional) space that is an abstraction of a knot (in sense 1 above). | (aviation) A unit of indicated airspeed, calibrated airspeed, or equivalent airspeed, which varies in its relation to the unit of speed so as to compensate for the effects of different ambient atmospheric conditions on aircraft performance.


lexentry: eng/knout__Noun__1
written_rep: knout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кнут | бич | нага́йка | ро́зга | хлыст
sense_list:
A leather scourge (multi-tail whip), in the severe version known as 'great knout' with metal weights on each tongue, notoriously used in imperial Russia.


lexentry: eng/know-it-all__Noun__1
written_rep: know-it-all
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: всезна́йка | зна́йка
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, pejorative) Someone who claims to be knowledgeable or an expert in something, obnoxiously dismissing the opinions, advice, suggestions, etc. of others.


lexentry: eng/know__Verb__1
written_rep: know
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: знать | понима́ть | поня́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, philosophy) To maintain (a belief, a position) subject to a given philosophical definition of knowledge; to hold a justified true belief.


lexentry: eng/knowledge__Noun__1
written_rep: knowledge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зна́ние | осведомлённость
sense_list:
The fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc. [from 14th c.] | Awareness of a particular fact or situation; a state of having been informed or made aware of something. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/knowledge_is_power__Proverb__1
written_rep: knowledge is power
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зна́ние — си́ла
sense_list:
Scientia potentia est; with knowledge and/or education, one's potential or ability to succeed in the pursuit of one's objectives will certainly increase.


lexentry: eng/koala__Noun__1
written_rep: koala
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коа́ла | коала
sense_list:
A tree-dwelling marsupial, Phascolarctos cinereus, that resembles a small bear with a broad head, large ears and sharp claws, mainly found in eastern Australia.


lexentry: eng/koan__Noun__1
written_rep: koan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коа́н
sense_list:
(Zen, _, Buddhism) A story about a Zen master and his student, sometimes like a riddle, other times like a fable, which has become an object of Zen study, and which, when meditated upon, may unlock mechanisms in the Zen student’s mind leading to satori.


lexentry: eng/kob__Noun__1
written_rep: kob
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: боло́тный козёл | коб
sense_list:
Any of several large game fish of the family Sciaenidae, especially the kabeljou (dusky kob or great kob or perhaps the smaller squaretail kob.


lexentry: eng/kobold__Noun__1
written_rep: kobold
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ко́больд
sense_list:
(German folklore) A mischievous elf or goblin, or one connected (and helpful) to a family or household.


lexentry: eng/kobza__Noun__1
written_rep: kobza
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́бза́
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A lute-like stringed instrument traditionally made from a single block of wood, with a medium-length neck, originating in Ukrainian folk music.


lexentry: eng/kofta__Noun__1
written_rep: kofta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кюфта́ | те́фтели
sense_list:
Any of various spicy meatball or meatloaf dishes of the Middle East, Caucasus, South Asia, and the Balkans.


lexentry: eng/kogel_mogel__Noun__1
written_rep: kogel mogel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: го́голь-мо́голь
sense_list:
An egg-based homemade dessert made from egg yolks, sugar, and flavourings such as honey, vanilla, cocoa or rum, similar to eggnog, popular in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in Caucasus.


lexentry: eng/kohl__Noun__1
written_rep: kohl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кра́ска для век | сурьма́
sense_list:
A dark powder, usually powdered antimony, used as eye makeup, especially in Eastern countries; stibnite.


lexentry: eng/koi__Noun__1
written_rep: koi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карп ко́и | ко́и
sense_list:
Ornamental domesticated varieties of the Amur carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus), of Japan and eastern Asia with red-gold or white coloring.


lexentry: eng/kolovrat__Noun__1
written_rep: kolovrat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коловоро́т | коловра́т
sense_list:
(neopaganism, politics, fascism, nationalism) An eight-spoked swastika used by Slavic neopagan, fascist, and nationalist groups.


lexentry: eng/komboskini__Noun__1
written_rep: komboskini
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вервица | чётки
sense_list:
(Christianity) A rope of usually 33, 50 or 100 knots, used in meditative prayer in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic tradition, to count one's recitations of the Jesus Prayer.


lexentry: eng/kompromat__Noun__1
written_rep: kompromat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компрома́т
sense_list:
Compromising material, blackmail material, (real or fabricated) evidence that a person does not want revealed, dirt.


lexentry: eng/konjac__Noun__1
written_rep: konjac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конджак | конняку
sense_list:
A foul-smelling plant grown in Asia, Amorphophallus konjac. | Any of various food products made from the plant, including a flour and a gelatin, used to make noodles and candies, and as a food supplement for weight reduction.


lexentry: eng/kopek__Noun__1
written_rep: kopek
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копе́йка
sense_list:
A Russian monetary unit equal to one hundredth of a ruble. | A kopiyka: a Ukrainian monetary unit equal to one hundredth of a hryvnia.


lexentry: eng/kore__Noun__1
written_rep: kore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́ра
sense_list:
(arts, sculpture) An Ancient Greek statue of a woman, portrayed standing, usually clothed, painted in bright colours and having an elaborate hairstyle.


lexentry: eng/korfball__Noun__1
written_rep: korfball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корфбол
sense_list:
(uncountable) A non-contact unisex team sport originating from the Netherlands, similar to netball, where players attempt to throw a ball into a basket atop a pole. | (countable) The ball used in the sport of korfball.


lexentry: eng/korovai__Noun__1
written_rep: korovai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карава́й | корова́й
sense_list:
A large, single-piece round or rectangular loaf of bread, elaborately decorated and served at a wedding


lexentry: eng/koruna__Noun__1
written_rep: koruna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кро́на
sense_list:
The currency of the Czech Republic, divided into 100 hellers. | The former currency of Slovakia, divided into 100 haliers.


lexentry: eng/koto__Noun__1
written_rep: koto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́то
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A Japanese stringed instrument having numerous strings, usually seven or thirteen, that are stretched over a convex wooden sounding board and are plucked with three plectra, worn on the thumb, index finger, and middle finger of one hand.


lexentry: eng/krama__Noun__1
written_rep: krama
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кра́ма
sense_list:
A traditional Cambodian garment with many uses, including as a scarf or bandana or to carry children.


lexentry: eng/kreplach__Noun__1
written_rep: kreplach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пельме́нь
sense_list:
(plurale tantum) Small dumplings of Eastern European origin, filled with meat or cheese and served usually in soup.


lexentry: eng/krill__Noun__1
written_rep: krill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: криль
sense_list:
any of several small marine crustacean species of plankton in the order Euphausiacea in the class Malacostraca.


lexentry: eng/krone__Noun__1
written_rep: krone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кро́на
sense_list:
The currency of Iceland, Denmark (including Greenland and the Faroe Islands) and Norway, divided into 100 øre, except in Iceland where 1 króna = 100 aurar.


lexentry: eng/kroužek__Noun__1
written_rep: kroužek
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кружо́к
sense_list:
A ring-shaped diacritical mark (˚), whose use is largely restricted to Å, å and Ů, ů, and whereon it represents an etymological ‘o’.


lexentry: eng/krypton__Noun__1
written_rep: krypton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крипто́н | криптон
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Kr) with an atomic number of 36. It is a colourless, odourless noble gas that only reacts with fluorine. It is one of the rarest gases in the Earth's atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/kshatriya__Noun__1
written_rep: kshatriya
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кша́трия
sense_list:
A member of the second-highest of the four castes or varnas in traditional Hindu society: the warrior or military caste.


lexentry: eng/kuduro__Noun__1
written_rep: kuduro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: куду́ро
sense_list:
An energetic, danceable style of music originating in Angola, combining local styles like semba with influences from Caribbean music, especially zouk and soca.


lexentry: eng/kudzu__Noun__1
written_rep: kudzu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ку́дзу | кудзу́ | пуэра́рия
sense_list:
(cooking, medicine) A starch extracted from the root that is used in traditional East Asian medicine and cuisine.


lexentry: eng/kulak__Noun__1
written_rep: kulak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кула́к | курку́ль
sense_list:
(historical) A prosperous peasant in the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union, who owned land and could hire workers.


lexentry: eng/kumari__Noun__1
written_rep: kumari
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кума́ри
sense_list:
(Hinduism, chiefly, _, Nepal) A living goddess; a prepubescent girl worshipped as a manifestation of divine female energy.


lexentry: eng/kumquat__Noun__1
written_rep: kumquat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кумква́т
sense_list:
A small, orange citrus-like fruit which is native to Asia (Citrus japonica, syn. Fortunella japonica).


lexentry: eng/kunai__Noun__1
written_rep: kunai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кунай
sense_list:
A Japanese tool and weapon, possibly derived from the masonry trowel, used as a weapon by ninja or samurai.


lexentry: eng/kurta__Noun__1
written_rep: kurta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: курта
sense_list:
A traditional article of clothing worn in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, consisting of a loose, collarless, long-sleeved, knee-length shirt worn by both men and women.


lexentry: eng/kurtosis__Noun__1
written_rep: kurtosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коэффицие́нт эксце́сса | эксце́сс
sense_list:
(statistics) A measure of "heaviness of the tails" of a probability distribution, defined as the fourth cumulant divided by the square of the variance of the probability distribution.


lexentry: eng/kuru__Noun__1
written_rep: kuru
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ку́ру
sense_list:
A chronic, progressive, fatal central nervous system disease found mainly among the Fore and neighboring peoples of New Guinea, caused by a prion that probably resembles the scrapie agent of sheep, transmissible to nonhuman primates, and believed to be transmitted by ritual cannibalism.


lexentry: eng/kype__Noun__1
written_rep: kype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крюк
sense_list:
The hook that develops in the lower jaw of an adult male of most salmonid species when it is ready to spawn.


lexentry: eng/kyrie__Noun__1
written_rep: kyrie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: го́споди, поми́луй | ки́рие
sense_list:
(Christianity) A short prayer or petition including the phrase kyrie eleison, meaning “Lord, have mercy”.


lexentry: eng/l'esprit_de_l'escalier__Noun__1
written_rep: l'esprit de l'escalier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: за́дний ум | ле́стничный ум | остроу́мие на ле́стнице
sense_list:
The phenomenon when a conversational rejoinder or remark only occurs to someone after the opportunity to make it has passed.


lexentry: eng/lab_rat__Noun__1
written_rep: lab rat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: подо́пытный кро́лик
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A person or group used as the subject of an experiment or test, especially unwillingly or unwittingly.


lexentry: eng/label__Noun__1
written_rep: label
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: этике́тка | би́рка | лейбл | накле́йка | ярлы́к
sense_list:
A small ticket or sign giving information about something to which it is attached or intended to be attached.


lexentry: eng/label__Verb__1
written_rep: label
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ве́шать ярлыки́ | клейми́ть
sense_list:
(ditransitive) To give a label to (someone or something) in order to categorise that person or thing.


lexentry: eng/labia_majora__Noun__1
written_rep: labia majora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: больши́е половы́е гу́бы
sense_list:
(anatomy) The two outer rounded folds of adipose tissue that lie on either side of the opening of the vagina.


lexentry: eng/labial__Adjective__1
written_rep: labial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: губно́й | лабиа́льный
sense_list:
(anatomy, zootomy) Of or pertaining to the lips or labia. | (linguistics, phonetics) Articulated by the lips, as the consonants b, m and w.


lexentry: eng/labialization__Noun__1
written_rep: labialization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лабиализа́ция
sense_list:
(phonology) A secondary articulatory feature of usually consonants that involves the contraction or rounding of the lips (labia) during pronunciation.


lexentry: eng/labium__Noun__1
written_rep: labium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: губа́
sense_list:
(anatomy, usually, in the plural) A liplike structure; especially one of the two pairs of folds of skin on either side of the vulva.


lexentry: eng/labneh__Noun__1
written_rep: labneh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гре́ческий йо́гурт | лабнэ́ | сузьма́ | сюзьма́ | тво́рог | творо́г
sense_list:
Yogurt that has been strained to filter or remove the whey and thus has a consistency between that of yoghurt and cheese.


lexentry: eng/labor-intensive__Adjective__1
written_rep: labor-intensive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: трудоёмкий
sense_list:
(American spelling) Requiring a great deal of work, especially physical and manual effort versus capital.


lexentry: eng/labor_market__Noun__1
written_rep: labor market
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ры́нок труда́
sense_list:
(economics) The market consisting of the supply of unemployed workers in relation to the demand for them.


lexentry: eng/labor_theory_of_value__Noun__1
written_rep: labor theory of value
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ТТС
sense_list:
(economics, political science) The theory, usually associated with Marxian economics, that freely reproducible goods get their value from socially necessary human labor time.


lexentry: eng/laboratory__Noun__1
written_rep: laboratory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лаборато́рия | лаборатория
sense_list:
A room, building or institution equipped for scientific research, experimentation or analysis. | A place where chemicals, drugs or microbes are prepared or manufactured.


lexentry: eng/labour__Noun__1
written_rep: labour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: труд | рабо́та | рабо́чий класс | рабочий | тяжёлая [[рабо́та]]
sense_list:
(uncountable) Workers in general; the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.


lexentry: eng/labour__Noun__1
written_rep: labour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ро́ды
sense_list:
(medicine, obstetrics) The act of a mother giving birth. | The time period during which a mother gives birth.


lexentry: eng/labour_force__Noun__1
written_rep: labour force
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рабочий
sense_list:
The collective group of people who are available for employment, whether currently employed or unemployed (though sometimes only those unemployed people who are seeking work are included).


lexentry: eng/lac__Noun__1
written_rep: lac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лак
sense_list:
A resinous substance or lacquer produced mainly on the banyan tree by the female of Kerria lacca, a scale insect.


lexentry: eng/lace__Noun__1
written_rep: lace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кру́жево | кружево
sense_list:
(uncountable) A light fabric containing patterns of holes, usually built up from a single thread. Wp


lexentry: eng/lace__Verb__1
written_rep: lace
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: запра́вить | напо́лнить | напои́ть | подмеша́ть | пропита́ть | смеша́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To add alcohol, poison, a drug or anything else potentially harmful to (food or drink).


lexentry: eng/laches__Noun__1
written_rep: laches
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: неоснова́тельное промедле́ние
sense_list:
(legal) An unreasonable delay in bringing a claim alleging a wrong, which means the person who waited shall not be permitted to seek an equitable remedy because the delay prejudiced the moving party.


lexentry: eng/lachrymatory__Noun__1
written_rep: lachrymatory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: слезни́ца
sense_list:
(archaeology) A vase supposedly intended to hold tears; formerly used by archaeologists to designate certain urns found in Roman burials.


lexentry: eng/lack_of_sleep__Noun__1
written_rep: lack of sleep
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: недосы́п
sense_list:
The condition of not having slept enough at any given time without any specification of cause. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/lackluster__Adjective__1
written_rep: lackluster
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бесцветный
sense_list:
(figurative) Not exceptional; not worthy of special merit, attention, or interest; having no vitality.


lexentry: eng/lacquer__Noun__1
written_rep: lacquer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лак
sense_list:
A glossy, resinous material used as a surface coating; either a natural exudation of certain trees, or a solution of nitrocellulose in alcohol, etc.


lexentry: eng/lacrimal_sac__Noun__1
written_rep: lacrimal sac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: слёзный мешо́чек
sense_list:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) The upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct that is situated in a groove formed by the lacrimal bone and the frontal process of the maxilla and receives the lacrimal canaliculi.


lexentry: eng/lacrosse__Noun__1
written_rep: lacrosse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лакро́сс
sense_list:
(sports) A sport played on a field between two opposing teams using sticks (crosses) and a ball, whereby one team defeats the other by scoring more goals within the allotted time.


lexentry: eng/lactase__Noun__1
written_rep: lactase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лакта́за
sense_list:
(enzyme, organic compound) A β-galactosidase enzyme that is involved in the hydrolysis of the disaccharide lactose into constituent galactose and glucose monomers.


lexentry: eng/lactation__Noun__1
written_rep: lactation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лакта́ция
sense_list:
The secretion of milk#Noun from the mammary gland of a female mammal. | The period of time that a mother lactates to feed her young; lactation period.


lexentry: eng/lactic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: lactic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моло́чная кислота́ | молочная кислота
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) 2-hydroxy-propanoic acid (CH3.CHOH.CO2H), a syrupy liquid, soluble in water; found in milk, wine and many fruits; used as a food additive and in many industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/lactose__Noun__1
written_rep: lactose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лакто́за | лактоза
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) The disaccharide sugar of milk and dairy products, C12H22O11, a product of glucose and galactose used as a food and in medicinal compounds.


lexentry: eng/lacuna__Noun__1
written_rep: lacuna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вакуум
sense_list:
(linguistics, translation studies) A language gap, which occurs when there is no direct translation in the target language for a lexical term found in the source language. | An absent part, especially in a book or other piece of writing, often referring to an ancient manuscript or similar.


lexentry: eng/ladder__Noun__1
written_rep: ladder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ле́стница | стремя́нка
sense_list:
A frame, usually portable, of wood, metal, or rope, used for ascent and descent, consisting of two side pieces to which are fastened rungs (cross strips or rounds acting as steps). | In the game of go, a sequence of moves following a zigzag pattern and ultimately leading to the capture of the attacked stones.


lexentry: eng/ladder__Noun__1
written_rep: ladder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ле́стница
sense_list:
(figuratively) The hierarchy or ranking system within an organization, such as the corporate ladder.


lexentry: eng/ladder__Noun__1
written_rep: ladder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: стре́лка
sense_list:
(chiefly, Britain) A length of unravelled fabric in a knitted garment, especially in nylon stockings; a run.


lexentry: eng/ladder_lottery__Noun__1
written_rep: ladder lottery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Амидакудзи
sense_list:
An informal method of decision-making in Asia, based on a series of interlinked descending lines that are followed from the top (where a choice is made) to the bottom (where an outcome is revealed).


lexentry: eng/ladette__Noun__1
written_rep: ladette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: девочка-сорванец
sense_list:
(informal) A young woman who behaves in a laddish manner, namely being boisterous and loud and drinking to excess.


lexentry: eng/ladies'_room__Noun__1
written_rep: ladies' room
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[же́нская]] [[убо́рная]] | [[же́нский]] [[туале́т]]
sense_list:
(euphemism) A public lavatory intended for use by women. | (historical) A waiting room in a railway station or other public building intended exclusively for women and usually including a separate women's lavatory.


lexentry: eng/ladies_and_gentlemen__Noun__1
written_rep: ladies and gentlemen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: господа́ | да́мы и господа́
sense_list:
Used to address an audience. | (rare, _, and, _, euphemism) Public toilets: a ladies' room and a gentlemen's room.


lexentry: eng/lady's_slipper__Noun__1
written_rep: lady's slipper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: венерин башмачок
sense_list:
Any orchid of the subfamily Cypripedioideae, distinguished by their slipper-shaped pouches which trap insects to improve pollination rates.


lexentry: eng/lady-in-waiting__Noun__1
written_rep: lady-in-waiting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: придворная дама | фре́йлина
sense_list:
A lady, often a noblewoman, in the household of a queen, princess, or other woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant, generally a role considered an honour.


lexentry: eng/lady__Noun__1
written_rep: lady
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: да́ма | госпожа́ | мада́м | суда́рыня
sense_list:
A woman to whom the particular homage of a knight was paid; a woman to whom one is devoted or bound.


lexentry: eng/ladybird__Noun__1
written_rep: ladybird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бо́жья коро́вка
sense_list:
Any of the Coccinellidae family of beetles, typically having a round shape and red or yellow spotted elytra.


lexentry: eng/ladybird_spider__Noun__1
written_rep: ladybird spider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрная толстоголо́вка
sense_list:
Eresus sandaliatus, a species of spider found primarily in northern and central Europe, males generally being 6-9mm long and characterized by a bright orange back featuring four large and two small ebony spots, females being 10-16mm long and jet-black.


lexentry: eng/lag__Noun__1
written_rep: lag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: лаг | пролагивание
sense_list:
A stave of a cask, drum, etc.; especially (engineering) one of the narrow boards or staves forming the covering of a cylindrical object, such as a boiler, or the cylinder of a carding machine or steam engine.


lexentry: eng/lagniappe__Noun__1
written_rep: lagniappe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обслуживание
sense_list:
(chiefly, Louisiana, Mississippi, Trinidad and Tobago) An extra or unexpected gift or benefit, such as that given to customers when they purchase something.


lexentry: eng/lahmacun__Noun__1
written_rep: lahmacun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лахмаджу́н
sense_list:
A dish of Arab origin consisting of a round, thin piece of dough topped with minced meat (most commonly beef and lamb).


lexentry: eng/lair__Noun__1
written_rep: lair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: берло́га | ло́гово | нора́
sense_list:
A place inhabited by a wild animal, often a cave or a hole in the ground. | A shed or shelter for domestic animals.


lexentry: eng/lair__Noun__1
written_rep: lair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ло́гово | прито́н
sense_list:
(figuratively) A place inhabited by a criminal or criminals, a superhero or a supervillain; a refuge, retreat, haven or hideaway.


lexentry: eng/lake__Noun__4
written_rep: lake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: лак
sense_list:
In the composition of colors for use in products intended for human consumption, made by extending on a substratum of alumina, a salt prepared from one of the certified water-soluble straight colors.


lexentry: eng/lambada__Noun__1
written_rep: lambada
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ламба́да | ламбада
sense_list:
(preceded by definite article) A fast-paced, erotic Brazilian dance in which couples dance with their stomachs touching.


lexentry: eng/lambda__Noun__1
written_rep: lambda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ла́мбда | ля́мбда
sense_list:
The eleventh letter of the Classical and Modern Greek alphabet, the twelfth of the Old Greek alphabet.


lexentry: eng/lambda_calculus__Noun__1
written_rep: lambda calculus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лямбда-исчисление
sense_list:
(computing theory) Any of a family of functionally complete algebraic systems in which lambda expressions are evaluated according to a fixed set of rules to produce values, which may themselves be lambda expressions.


lexentry: eng/lambdacism__Noun__1
written_rep: lambdacism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ламбдаи́зм
sense_list:
(phonology) A pronunciation shift whereby /l/ or other closely related phonemes are substituted for other sounds (typically /r/), as Sally for Sarah or Molly for Mary.


lexentry: eng/lambskin__Noun__1
written_rep: lambskin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барашек
sense_list:
The skin of a very young sheep, especially prepared with the fleece still attached. A very fine form of leather.


lexentry: eng/lame_duck__Noun__1
written_rep: lame duck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хрома́я у́тка
sense_list:
(US, politics) An elected official who has lost the recent election or is not eligible for reelection and is marking time until leaving office.


lexentry: eng/lamia__Noun__1
written_rep: lamia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ламия
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) A monster preying upon human beings, who sucked the blood of children, often described as having the head and breasts of a woman and the lower half of a serpent.


lexentry: eng/lamina__Noun__1
written_rep: lamina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подко́ва
sense_list:
(botany) the flat expanded part of a foliage leaf or leaflet | (skeleton) either of two broad, flat plates of bone of a vertebra that is fused with and extends from the pedicle to the median line of the neural arch to form the base of the spinous process and that along with the pedicle forms the posterior part of the vertebral foramen


lexentry: eng/lampblack__Noun__1
written_rep: lampblack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: технический углерод
sense_list:
An amorphous form of carbon made from incompletely burned organic matter; used to make pigments and inks.


lexentry: eng/lampoon__Noun__1
written_rep: lampoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: па́сквиль | памфле́т | сати́ра
sense_list:
A written attack or other work ridiculing a person, group, or institution; especially, a satirical one.


lexentry: eng/lamprey__Noun__1
written_rep: lamprey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мино́га | минога
sense_list:
Any long slender primitive eel-like freshwater and saltwater fish of the order Petromyzontiformes, having a sucking mouth with rasping teeth but no jaw.


lexentry: eng/lampshade__Noun__1
written_rep: lampshade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: абажу́р | абажур
sense_list:
A cover over a lamp to either diffuse the light or to block it in certain directions to avoid glare in the eyes.


lexentry: eng/lance__Noun__1
written_rep: lance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пи́ка
sense_list:
A weapon of war, consisting of a long shaft or handle and a steel blade or head; a spear carried by horsemen.


lexentry: eng/lance_corporal__Noun__1
written_rep: lance corporal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ефре́йтор | мла́дший капра́л
sense_list:
(US) An enlisted rank of grade E-3 in the United States Marine Corps, ranking above private first class and below corporal. Abbreviated as LCpl.


lexentry: eng/lanceolate__Adjective__1
written_rep: lanceolate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копьевидный
sense_list:
(botany, mycology) Having the general shape of a lance; much longer than wide, with the widest part lower than the middle and a pointed apex.


lexentry: eng/land__Noun__1
written_rep: land
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[земельный|земе́льная]] [[со́бственность]] | земля́ | недви́жимость
sense_list:
Real estate or landed property; a partitioned and measurable area which is owned and acquired and on which buildings and structures can be built and erected.


lexentry: eng/land__Noun__1
written_rep: land
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: земля́ | земля
sense_list:
(agriculture) The ground left unploughed between furrows; any of several portions into which a field is divided for ploughing.


lexentry: eng/land_bridge__Noun__1
written_rep: land bridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: переше́ек
sense_list:
(biogeography) An isthmus or other land connection between what at other times are separate land masses.


lexentry: eng/land_yacht__Noun__1
written_rep: land yacht
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: чемода́н
sense_list:
(colloquial) A long, heavy, luxurious automobile, providing a comfortable ride but poor handling characteristics.


lexentry: eng/landgrave__Noun__1
written_rep: landgrave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ландгра́ф | ландграф
sense_list:
County nobleman in the British, privately held North American colony Carolina, ranking just below the proprietary (chartered equivalent of a royal vassal).


lexentry: eng/landing_gear__Noun__1
written_rep: landing gear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шасси́ лета́тельного аппара́та
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable, aviation) The wheels, tyres, brakes, shock absorbers etc of an aircraft; its undercarriage.


lexentry: eng/landline__Noun__1
written_rep: landline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ли́ния проводно́й свя́зи | назе́мная ли́ния свя́зи
sense_list:
A fixed telephone communications cable; originally, one run over land, as opposed to a submarine cable.


lexentry: eng/landlord__Noun__1
written_rep: landlord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арендода́тель | владе́лец | домовладе́лец | хозя́ин
sense_list:
A person that leases real property; a lessor. | (chiefly, British) The owner or manager of a public house. | (surfing, slang, with "the") A shark, imagined as the owner of the surf to be avoided.


lexentry: eng/landrace__Noun__1
written_rep: landrace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ландра́с
sense_list:
(often, attributive) Any local variety of a domesticated animal or plant species that has adapted over time to its ecological and cultural environment (including, in some cases, its work). [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/landscape__Noun__1
written_rep: landscape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ландша́фт | пейза́ж
sense_list:
A portion of land or territory which the eye can comprehend in a single view, including all the objects it contains.


lexentry: eng/landscape__Noun__1
written_rep: landscape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пейза́ж
sense_list:
A picture representing a real or imaginary scene by land or sea, the main subject being the general aspect of nature, as fields, hills, forests, water, etc.


lexentry: eng/landscape__Noun__1
written_rep: landscape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: [[альбомный|альбо́мная]] [[ориента́ция]]
sense_list:
(computing, printing, uncountable) a mode of printing where the horizontal sides are longer than the vertical sides


lexentry: eng/landslide__Noun__1
written_rep: landslide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обва́л | лави́на | о́ползень
sense_list:
A natural disaster that involves the breakup and downhill flow of rock, mud, water and anything caught in the path.


lexentry: eng/langos__Noun__1
written_rep: langos
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лангош
sense_list:
A traditional Hungarian fried dough, usually seasoned with garlic, sour cream or cheese and sold as a fast food.


lexentry: eng/langsat__Noun__1
written_rep: langsat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лангсaт
sense_list:
A small, whitish-brown fruit of Southeast Asia, from the tree Lansium domesticum, with fleshy pulp and subacid taste.


lexentry: eng/language__Noun__1
written_rep: language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: речь | язы́к | язык
sense_list:
(countable) A body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication. | (uncountable) The ability to communicate using words.


lexentry: eng/language__Noun__1
written_rep: language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: лексико́н | язы́к
sense_list:
(uncountable) A sublanguage: the slang of a particular community or jargon of a particular specialist field.


lexentry: eng/language__Noun__1
written_rep: language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: пи́сьменная речь | язы́к | язык
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, figurative) The expression of thought (the communication of meaning) in a specified way; that which communicates something, as language does.


lexentry: eng/language_arts__Noun__1
written_rep: language arts
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рито́рика
sense_list:
The study of language as a subject in primary school and secondary school, with a particular focus on essay writing and debate.


lexentry: eng/language_barrier__Noun__1
written_rep: language barrier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: языково́й барье́р
sense_list:
A conceptual barrier to effective communication, occurring when people who speak different languages attempt to communicate with each other.


