# translation

lexentry: eng/aquatint__Noun__1
written_rep: aquatint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аквати́нта
sense_list:
A form of etching with acid on a plate partially covered with varnish that produces a print somewhat resembling a watercolour.


lexentry: eng/aquavit__Noun__1
written_rep: aquavit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аквави́т
sense_list:
A Scandinavian liquor distilled from potato or grain mash to about 40% ABV and typically flavored with anise, although caraway seeds, fennel, dill, and other spices and herbs are also used.


lexentry: eng/aqueduct__Noun__1
written_rep: aqueduct
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: акведу́к | акведук
sense_list:
An artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another. | A structure carrying water over a river or depression, especially an ancient structure.


lexentry: eng/arabesque__Noun__1
written_rep: arabesque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арабе́ск | арабе́ска
sense_list:
(art, architecture, also, attributively) An elaborate design of intertwined floral figures or complex geometrical patterns, mainly used in Islamic art and architecture. | (music) An ornate composition, especially for the piano.


lexentry: eng/arable__Adjective__1
written_rep: arable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: па́хотный
sense_list:
(agriculture, of land) Able to be plowed or tilled, capable of growing crops (traditionally contrasted with pasturable lands such as heaths). | (agriculture, NGO, _, jargon, of land) Under cultivation (within any quinquennial period) for the production of crops sown and harvested within the same agricultural year (contrasted with permanently-cropped lands such as orchards).


lexentry: eng/arachidonic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: arachidonic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арахидо́новая кислота́
sense_list:
(fatty acid) A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, having 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds, found in animal fats; it is essential for human nutrition, being a precursor to the production of prostaglandins.


lexentry: eng/arachnoid_mater__Noun__1
written_rep: arachnoid mater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банда
sense_list:
(anatomy) The middle layer of the meninges; a membrane that protects the brain and spinal cord below the dura mater and above the subarachnoid space and the pia mater.


lexentry: eng/aragonite__Noun__1
written_rep: aragonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арагони́т | арагонит
sense_list:
(mineral) An evaporite consisting of anhydrous calcium carbonate with the chemical formula CaCO3 and occurring in pearls, shells and nacre; it is dimorphous with calcite.


lexentry: eng/arak__Noun__1
written_rep: arak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ара́к
sense_list:
A clear, unsweetened aniseed-flavoured alcoholic drink, produced and consumed primarily in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/aralia__Noun__1
written_rep: aralia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ара́лия
sense_list:
Spikenard and any of many related ornamental and food plants, of the genus Aralia, from Asia and the Americas


lexentry: eng/arbiter__Noun__1
written_rep: arbiter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: влады́ка | властели́н | власти́тель | власти́тельница | повели́тель | повели́тельница
sense_list:
(with of) A person or object having the power of judging, determining, or ordaining; one whose power of deciding and governing is not limited.


lexentry: eng/arbitrage__Noun__1
written_rep: arbitrage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арбитраж
sense_list:
(finance) A market activity in which a security, commodity, currency or other tradable item is bought in one market and sold simultaneously in another, in order to profit from price differences between the markets.


lexentry: eng/arbitrary__Adjective__1
written_rep: arbitrary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: произво́льный | произвольный
sense_list:
(usually, of a decision) Based on individual discretion or judgment; not based on any objective distinction, perhaps even made at random. | Determined by impulse rather than reason; often connoting heavy-handedness.


lexentry: eng/arbitration__Noun__1
written_rep: arbitration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арбитра́ж
sense_list:
The act or process of arbitrating. | A process through which two or more parties use an arbitrator or arbiter in order to resolve a dispute. | In general, a form of justice where both parties designate a person whose ruling they will accept formally. More specifically in Market Anarchist (market anarchy) theory, arbitration designates the process by which two agencies pre-negotiate a set of common rules in anticipation of cases where a customer from each agency is involved in a dispute.


lexentry: eng/arbor__Noun__1
written_rep: arbor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бесе́дка
sense_list:
A shady sitting place or pergola usually in a park or garden, surrounded by climbing shrubs, vines or other vegetation.


lexentry: eng/arc__Noun__1
written_rep: arc
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́рка | дуга́ | дуга
sense_list:
(geometry) A continuous part of the circumference of a circle (circular arc) or of another curve. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/arc_welding__Noun__1
written_rep: arc welding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дугова́я сва́рка | электродугова́я сва́рка
sense_list:
(metallurgy) The process of welding two pieces of metal together using the heat generated by an electric arc between two electrodes.


lexentry: eng/arccosine__Noun__1
written_rep: arccosine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аркко́синус
sense_list:
(trigonometry) Any of several single-valued or multivalued functions that are inverses of the cosine function.


lexentry: eng/arch-__Prefix__1
written_rep: arch-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архи- | наи- | сверх-
sense_list:
A title in a hierarchy which indicates a higher degree of rank than its root word. | Leading, foremost, primary, or principal. | (augmentative) Intensely, extremely, or exceptionally.


lexentry: eng/arch__Noun__1
written_rep: arch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́рка | свод | арка
sense_list:
An arch-shaped arrangement of trapezoidal stones, designed to redistribute downward force outward. | (architecture) An architectural element having the shape of an arch


lexentry: eng/archaeolinguistics__Noun__1
written_rep: archaeolinguistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: археолингви́стика
sense_list:
The study of the distant human past using archaeological and linguistic evidence together to reconstruct aspects of past cultures.


lexentry: eng/archaeometry__Noun__1
written_rep: archaeometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: археометрия
sense_list:
(archaeology) The application of techniques and methodologies of the natural sciences to archaeology, mostly for dating, analysis, survey and confirmation of provenance or authenticity.


lexentry: eng/archaeophyte__Noun__1
written_rep: archaeophyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: археофит
sense_list:
(botany) A plant which was introduced to an area by humans (or arrived naturally, but from an area in which it was present as a human introduction) and became naturalized before 1500 C.E. (but especially in prehistoric times).


lexentry: eng/archaic_smile__Noun__1
written_rep: archaic smile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архаическая улыбка
sense_list:
(Ancient Greece, art, sculpture, historical) A smiling facial expression commonly found on Greek statues of the Archaic period (circa 700–500 B.C.E.).


lexentry: eng/archangel__Noun__1
written_rep: archangel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арха́нгел | архангел
sense_list:
A powerful angel that leads many other angels, but is still loyal to a deity, and often seen as belonging to a particular archangelical rank or order within a greater hierarchy of angels. (Judeo-Christian examples: Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, Uriel).


lexentry: eng/archbishop__Noun__1
written_rep: archbishop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архиепи́скоп | архиепископ
sense_list:
A senior bishop who is in charge of an archdiocese, and presides over a group of dioceses called a province (in Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, etc.)


lexentry: eng/archdeacon__Noun__1
written_rep: archdeacon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архидья́кон
sense_list:
(Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy) A senior administrative official in a diocese, just under the bishop, often in charge of an archdeaconry. As a title, it can be filled by either a deacon or priest.


lexentry: eng/archdiocese__Noun__1
written_rep: archdiocese
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[епа́рхия]] [[архиепископ|архиепи́скопа]] | архиепи́скопство
sense_list:
(Christianity) An area administered by an archbishop; the ecclesiastical hierarchy of this area, also under the archbishop.


lexentry: eng/archduchess__Noun__1
written_rep: archduchess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эрцгерцоги́ня
sense_list:
A daughter or granddaughter of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, or the wife of a son or grandson of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary


lexentry: eng/archeopteryx__Noun__1
written_rep: archeopteryx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: археопте́рикс
sense_list:
A specimen of the species Archaeopteryx lithographica, being the earliest and most primitive known bird, representing a transition in the evolution of dinosaurs to birds.


lexentry: eng/archerfish__Noun__1
written_rep: archerfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рыба-брызгу́н
sense_list:
Any of the species of fish in the family Toxotidae (usually with sole genus Toxotes), who prey on small animals near to the surface of a water by shooting them with water from their mouths.


lexentry: eng/archetype__Noun__1
written_rep: archetype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архети́п | образе́ц | оригина́л | прототи́п
sense_list:
An original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned; a prototype. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/archetype__Noun__1
written_rep: archetype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: архети́п | архетип
sense_list:
(psychology) According to Swiss psychologist Carl Jung: a universal pattern of thought, present in an individual's unconscious, inherited from the past collective experience of humanity.


lexentry: eng/archimandrite__Noun__1
written_rep: archimandrite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архимандри́т
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodoxy) The superior of a large monastery, or group of monasteries, in the Orthodox Church.


lexentry: eng/archiphoneme__Noun__1
written_rep: archiphoneme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архифоне́ма
sense_list:
(phonology) A unit representing two or more underlying phonemes, where the distinction between them has been neutralized under certain conditions.


lexentry: eng/architect__Noun__1
written_rep: architect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архите́ктор | зо́дчий | архитектор
sense_list:
A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction. | A person who plans, devises or contrives the achievement of a desired result.


lexentry: eng/architectonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: architectonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фундаментальный
sense_list:
(figurative) Foundational, fundamental; supporting the structure of a morality, society, or culture.


lexentry: eng/architecture__Noun__1
written_rep: architecture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архитекту́ра | архитектура | зо́дчество
sense_list:
The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.


lexentry: eng/archive__Noun__1
written_rep: archive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архи́в | архив
sense_list:
A place for storing earlier, and often historical, material. An archive usually contains documents (letters, records, newspapers, etc.) or other types of media kept for historical interest.


lexentry: eng/archivist__Noun__1
written_rep: archivist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архива́риус | архиви́ст | архиви́стка
sense_list:
One who is in charge of, or performs the task of creating, collecting, cataloguing, organising, and archives.


lexentry: eng/archosaur__Noun__1
written_rep: archosaur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архоза́вр
sense_list:
A reptile of the taxon Archosauria, which includes modern crocodilians and birds, as well as the extinct pterosaurs, non-avian dinosaurs and other taxa.


lexentry: eng/archpriest__Noun__1
written_rep: archpriest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: первосвяще́нник | протоиере́й
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodox Church) The highest rank given to a married priest. | (Roman Catholic Church) An honorific title applied to a priest who has a specific function.


lexentry: eng/arcology__Noun__1
written_rep: arcology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арколо́гия
sense_list:
(urban studies, uncountable) Urban development theory proposed by Paolo Soleri involving three-dimensional building methods and efficient use of space and resources.


lexentry: eng/arcsine__Noun__1
written_rep: arcsine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аркси́нус
sense_list:
(trigonometry) Any of several single-valued or multivalued functions that are inverses of the sine function. Symbol: arcsin, sin−1


lexentry: eng/arctangent__Noun__1
written_rep: arctangent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аркта́нгенс
sense_list:
(trigonometry) Any of several single-valued or multivalued functions that are inverses of the tangent function. Symbol: arctan, tan-1


lexentry: eng/arctic_fox__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic fox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: песе́ц | поля́рная лиси́ца
sense_list:
Vulpes lagopus, a fox of the family Canidae, living in the Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/arctic_hare__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic hare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аркти́ческий беля́к
sense_list:
A North-American hare of species Lepus arcticus, that is white, usually year round, found in the Arctic.


lexentry: eng/arctic_raspberry__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic raspberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: княжени́ка | княжени́ка обыкнове́нная | мали́на аркти́ческая
sense_list:
A species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family and bearing a dark red, sweet fruit; Rubus arcticus, native to arctic, subarctic, and alpine regions.


lexentry: eng/are__Noun__1
written_rep: are
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ар
sense_list:
(rare) An accepted (but deprecated and rarely used) metric unit of area equal to 100 square metres, or a former unit of approximately the same extent. Symbol: a.


lexentry: eng/are_your_ears_burning__Phrase__1
written_rep: are your ears burning
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лёгок на поми́не | у тебя́ у́ши не горят?
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial, rhetorical question) Asked of somebody who was not present but was the topic of discussion.


lexentry: eng/area_code__Noun__1
written_rep: area code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: код [[город|го́рода]] | код [[зона|зо́ны]] | код [[регион|регио́на]]
sense_list:
(US, Australia, Philippines) A prefix appended to a telephone number indicating the geographical area.


lexentry: eng/arena__Noun__1
written_rep: arena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аре́на
sense_list:
An enclosed area, often outdoor, for the presentation of sporting events (sports arena) or other spectacular events; earthen area, often oval, specifically for rodeos (North America) or circular area for bullfights (especially Hispanic America). | The building housing such an area; specifically, a very large, often round building, often topped with a dome, designated for indoor sporting or other major events, such as concerts. | (historical) The sand-covered centre of an amphitheatre where contests were held in Ancient Rome. | A realm in which events take place; an area of interest, study, behaviour, etc.


lexentry: eng/argillite__Noun__1
written_rep: argillite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аргилли́т
sense_list:
(geology) A fine-grained sedimentary rock, intermediate between shale and slate, sometimes used as a building material


lexentry: eng/arginine__Noun__1
written_rep: arginine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аргини́н | аргинин
sense_list:
An amino acid found in animal foods that plays an important role in several physiological processes.


lexentry: eng/argon__Noun__1
written_rep: argon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арго́н | аргон
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Ar) with an atomic number of 18. The third most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, it is a colourless, odourless, inert noble gas.


lexentry: eng/argonaut__Noun__1
written_rep: argonaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аргона́вт
sense_list:
Any of several species of shelled octopods of the family Argonautidae (of which only the genus Argonauta is not extinct). | An adventurer on a dangerous but rewarding quest.


lexentry: eng/argot__Noun__1
written_rep: argot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: жарго́н
sense_list:
The specialized informal vocabulary and terminology used between people with special skill in a field, such as between doctors, mathematicians or hackers.


lexentry: eng/arguable__Adjective__1
written_rep: arguable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доказу́емый
sense_list:
That can be argued; that can be proven or strongly supported with sound logical deduction, precedent, and evidence.


lexentry: eng/arguably__Adverb__1
written_rep: arguably
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как мо́жно доказа́ть
sense_list:
As can be supported or proven by sound logical deduction, evidence, and precedent, but without absolute certainty.


lexentry: eng/argue__Verb__1
written_rep: argue
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: обсужда́ть | спо́рить
sense_list:
(intransitive) To debate, disagree, or discuss opposing or differing viewpoints; to controvert; to wrangle.


lexentry: eng/argue_round_and_round__Verb__1
written_rep: argue round and round
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) to not talk about (a subject), to avoid the question
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[говори́ть]] не по [[существу́]] | [[говори́ть]] не по [[те́ме]] | [[не в тему|не в те́му]] | ходи́ть вокру́г да о́коло


lexentry: eng/aria__Noun__1
written_rep: aria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́рия | ария
sense_list:
(music) A musical piece written typically for a solo voice with orchestral accompaniment in an opera or cantata.


lexentry: eng/arise__Verb__1
written_rep: arise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: возни́кнуть | возника́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part; to present itself.


lexentry: eng/aristocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аристокра́тия | знать | аристократия
sense_list:
The nobility, or the hereditary ruling class. | A class of people considered (not normally universally) superior to others.


lexentry: eng/aristocrat__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocrat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аристокра́т | аристокра́тка
sense_list:
One of the aristocracy, nobility, or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble (originally in Revolutionary France).


lexentry: eng/aristocratic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aristocratic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аристократи́ческий | аристократический
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or favouring, an aristocracy | Similar to the aristocracy; characteristic of, the aristocracy.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic__Adjective__2
written_rep: arithmetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арифмети́ческий
sense_list:
(mathematics) Of, relating to, or using arithmetic; arithmetical. | (arithmetic) Of a progression, mean, etc, computed solely using addition.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арифме́тика | арифметика
sense_list:
The mathematics of numbers (integers, rational numbers, real numbers, or complex numbers) under the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_mean__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic mean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сре́днее арифмети́ческое
sense_list:
(statistics, probability) The measure of central tendency of a set of values computed by dividing the sum of the values by their number.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_progression__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic progression
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арифмети́ческая прогре́ссия
sense_list:
(analysis) A sequence in which each term except the first is obtained from the previous by adding a constant value, known as the common difference of the arithmetic progression.


lexentry: eng/arithmetically__Adverb__1
written_rep: arithmetically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арифметический
sense_list:
(of the nature of increases or decreases) In a way characterized by addition (of increments) rather than multiplication (by factors) or exponentiation (by exponents): by an arithmetic progression. | In terms of arithmetic.


lexentry: eng/ark__Noun__1
written_rep: ark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ковче́г | ковчег
sense_list:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Noah's ark: the ship built by Noah to save his family and a collection of animals from the deluge.


lexentry: eng/arkhalig__Noun__1
written_rep: arkhalig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архалу́к
sense_list:
A long tight-waist jacket worn by the peoples of the Caucasus and Iran, made of various kinds of fabric, such as silk, satin, cloth, cashmere and velvet, traditionally depending on the social status of its owner.


lexentry: eng/arkose__Noun__1
written_rep: arkose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аркоз
sense_list:
(geology) A sedimentary rock consisting of small fragments of feldspar and quartz similar to a coarse sand.


lexentry: eng/arm__Noun__1
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рука́ | рука
sense_list:
(anatomy) The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand.


lexentry: eng/arm__Noun__1
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ру́чка | рука
sense_list:
A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the armrest of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses.


lexentry: eng/arm__Verb__2
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вооружа́ть | вооружи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To supply with armour or (later especially) weapons. | (transitive, figurative) To supply with the equipment, knowledge, authority, or other tools needed for a particular task; to furnish with capability; to equip.


lexentry: eng/arm_wrestling__Noun__1
written_rep: arm wrestling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: армре́стлинг | армспо́рт | борьба́ на рука́х | рукобо́рье
sense_list:
A strength sport with two participants, in which each participant grips the other's hand and tries to pin the other's arm onto a surface.


lexentry: eng/armadillo__Noun__1
written_rep: armadillo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бронено́сец | броненосец
sense_list:
Any of the burrowing mammals covered with bony, jointed, protective plates, order Cingulata, found in the Americas, especially in South America.


lexentry: eng/armament__Noun__1
written_rep: armament
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вооружение
sense_list:
(military, naval) All the cannon and small arms collectively, with their equipments, belonging to a ship or a fortification.


lexentry: eng/armamentarium__Noun__1
written_rep: armamentarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инструмента́рий
sense_list:
All of the equipment available for carrying out a task, especially all the equipment used by a physician in the practice of medicine.


lexentry: eng/armatole__Noun__1
written_rep: armatole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Арматол
sense_list:
(historical) A Greek armed mercenary who enforced Ottoman rule in Greece from the 15th century onward; during the Greek War of Independence (1821–1832), many armatoloi became pro-independence guerrilla fighters opposed to Ottoman rule.


lexentry: eng/armature__Noun__1
written_rep: armature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: я́корь
sense_list:
The rotating part of an electric motor or dynamo, which mostly consists of coils of wire (the winding) around a metal core.


lexentry: eng/armchair__Adjective__1
written_rep: armchair
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диванный | мамкин
sense_list:
(figuratively) Remote from actual involvement, including a person retired from previously active involvement.


lexentry: eng/armchair__Adjective__1
written_rep: armchair
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: дива́нный
sense_list:
(figuratively, derogatory) Unqualified or uninformed but yet giving advice, especially on technical issues, such as law, architecture, medicine, military theory, or sports; relating to such advice.


lexentry: eng/armchair_linguistics__Noun__1
written_rep: armchair linguistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диванная лингвистика
sense_list:
(linguistics, informal) Any linguistic enterprise employing introspection rather than empirical methods, such as elicitation.


lexentry: eng/armed_forces__Noun__1
written_rep: armed forces
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́рмия | войска́ | вооружённые си́лы
sense_list:
The military forces of a nation, such as the army, navy, air force, marines, and sometimes, coastguard or border guard, which are tasked with the defence of the nation and its citizens, if necessary through use of deadly force.


lexentry: eng/armenism__Noun__1
written_rep: armenism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: армени́зм
sense_list:
A word or other feature originating in the Armenian language that has been borrowed by another language.


lexentry: eng/armiger__Noun__1
written_rep: armiger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оружено́сец
sense_list:
An esquire, originally carrying the armour of a knight; (hence, later) a man of the gentry ranking below a knight. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/armillary_sphere__Noun__1
written_rep: armillary sphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: армилля́рная сфе́ра
sense_list:
An instrument consisting of graduated metal circles used to represent the motions of celestial bodies around the earth.


lexentry: eng/arming__Noun__1
written_rep: arming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вооружать
sense_list:
The act of supplying (oneself or others) with armor and (now especially) arms and ammunition in preparation for a conflict; the act of providing with the means of defense and attack.


lexentry: eng/armor-piercing_shot__Noun__1
written_rep: armor-piercing shot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: болва́нка
sense_list:
(military) An armor-piercing solid metal projectile having no bursting charge, in use mainly during World War II, abbreviated AP, or simply "shot".


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
written_rep: armor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доспех | броня́ | ла́ты
sense_list:
(uncountable) A protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damaging forces.


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
written_rep: armor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: бронета́нковые войска́
sense_list:
(military, uncountable) A military formation consisting primarily of tanks or other armoured fighting vehicles, collectively.


lexentry: eng/armoured_fighting_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: armoured fighting vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: боевая бронированная машина
sense_list:
(military) An armed and armoured military vehicle which runs on wheels or caterpillar track, used by fighting troops.


lexentry: eng/armoured_truck__Noun__1
written_rep: armoured truck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: броневик | брониро́ванный грузови́к
sense_list:
A truck used to transfer valuables between locations, which possesses armour against light firearms.


lexentry: eng/arms__Noun__1
written_rep: arms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: герб
sense_list:
(heraldry) A visual design composed according to heraldic rules, consisting of a coat of arms normally displayed upon an escutcheon, sometimes accompanied by other elements of an achievement


lexentry: eng/arms_control__Noun__1
written_rep: arms control
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[контро́ль]] над [[вооружение|вооруже́ниями]]
sense_list:
Restrictions upon the development, production, stockpiling, proliferation, and usage of weapons, especially weapons of mass destruction.


lexentry: eng/arms_race__Noun__1
written_rep: arms race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: го́нка вооруже́ний
sense_list:
A competition for military supremacy between two powers, especially for the most weapons and the best military technology.


lexentry: eng/army__Noun__1
written_rep: army
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́рмия | во́йско | войска́ | армия
sense_list:
A large, highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground (rather than air or naval) operations.


lexentry: eng/army__Noun__1
written_rep: army
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: а́рмия | армия
sense_list:
(figuratively) A large group of people working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) A large group of social animals working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) Any multitude.


lexentry: eng/army_ant__Noun__1
written_rep: army ant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кочево́й мураве́й
sense_list:
A tropical nomadic ant, principally in the subfamiles Dorylinae and Leptanillinae, that preys on other insects.


lexentry: eng/arnica__Noun__1
written_rep: arnica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́рника
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Arnica, considered to have medicinal properties, especially Arnica montana.


lexentry: eng/aromatherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: aromatherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ароматерапия
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) The use of selected fragrances in lotions and inhalants in an effort to affect mood and promote health.


lexentry: eng/around__Adverb__1
written_rep: around
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: с но́г на́ голову
sense_list:
From one state or condition to an opposite or very different one; with a metaphorical change in direction; bringing about awareness or agreement.


lexentry: eng/around__Adverb__1
written_rep: around
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: вокру́г
sense_list:
(with turn, spin, etc.) So as to partially or completely rotate; so as to face in the opposite direction.


lexentry: eng/around__Adverb__1
written_rep: around
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: там-сям
sense_list:
Used with verbs to indicate repeated or continuous action, or in numerous locations or with numerous people.


lexentry: eng/arpeggio__Noun__1
written_rep: arpeggio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арпе́джио
sense_list:
(music) The notes of a chord played individually instead of simultaneously, usually moving from lowest to highest.


lexentry: eng/arraign__Verb__1
written_rep: arraign
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: To officially charge someone in a court of law.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[предъяви́ть]] [[обвине́ние]] | [[предъявля́ть]] [[обвине́ние]] | [[привле́чь]] к [[суд|суду́]] | [[привлека́ть]] к [[суд|суду́]] | обвини́ть | обвиня́ть


lexentry: eng/arraignment__Noun__1
written_rep: arraignment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предъявле́ние обвине́ния
sense_list:
(legal) The formal charging of a defendant with an offense; in many jurisdictions it includes their response in the form of a plea, typically as guilty, not guilty, or no contest.


lexentry: eng/arrange__Verb__1
written_rep: arrange
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: аранжи́ровать
sense_list:
(music, transitive, intransitive) To prepare and adapt an already-written composition for presentation in other than its original form.


lexentry: eng/arranged_marriage__Noun__1
written_rep: arranged marriage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: брак по договорённости
sense_list:
The marriage (union) of two people planned by someone other than the two people who are united in it.


lexentry: eng/array__Noun__1
written_rep: array
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: масси́в | массив
sense_list:
(programming) Any of various data structures designed to hold multiple elements of the same type; especially, a data structure that holds these elements in adjacent memory locations so that they may be retrieved using numeric indices.


lexentry: eng/arrest__Verb__1
written_rep: arrest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: аресто́вывать | арестова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To seize (someone) with the authority of the law; to take into legal custody. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/arrest_warrant__Noun__1
written_rep: arrest warrant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́рдер на аре́ст
sense_list:
(legal) An official document that authorizes law-enforcement officials to arrest a named person and to bring that individual before a court of law or other authority.


lexentry: eng/arrival__Noun__1
written_rep: arrival
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прие́зд | прихо́д | прилёт | прибы́тие
sense_list:
The act of arriving (reaching a certain place). | The fact of beginning to occur; the initial phase of something.


lexentry: eng/arrivederci__Interjection__1
written_rep: arrivederci
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арриведе́рчи
sense_list:
(in the context of Italy or Italian culture) farewell, goodbye, see you later (non-definitive farewell)


lexentry: eng/arroba__Noun__1
written_rep: arroba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арро́ба
sense_list:
(historical) A traditional Spanish unit of mass, varying by time, location, and substance but generally around 11.5 kilograms.


lexentry: eng/arrogance__Noun__1
written_rep: arrogance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: спесь | высокоме́рие | горды́ня | зано́счивость | кичли́вость | надме́нность
sense_list:
The state of being arrogant; a type of extreme or foolish pride in which someone feels much superior to another.


lexentry: eng/arrogate__Verb__1
written_rep: arrogate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[самонаде́янно]] [[претендова́ть]]
sense_list:
(transitive, uncommon) To appropriate or lay claim to something for oneself without right. [from 1530s]


lexentry: eng/arrow__Noun__1
written_rep: arrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стрела́ | стрела | стрелка
sense_list:
(archery) A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.


lexentry: eng/arrow__Noun__1
written_rep: arrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: стре́лка | стрела | стрелка
sense_list:
A sign or symbol used to indicate a direction (e.g. →). | (computing) The -> symbol, which has specific meanings in various programming languages.


lexentry: eng/arrow_key__Noun__1
written_rep: arrow key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стре́лка
sense_list:
(computing) Any of a set of keyboard keys marked with directional arrows, used for navigation through documents and lists etc.


lexentry: eng/arrowroot__Noun__1
written_rep: arrowroot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мара́нта
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) Maranta arundinacea from the Marantaceae family, a large perennial herb native to the Caribbean area with green leaves about 15 centimeters long. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/arroyo__Noun__1
written_rep: arroyo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ручей
sense_list:
A dry creek or streambed, a gulch which temporarily or seasonally fills and flows (after sufficient rain). | Any watercourse; any rivulet (whether it flows year-round or only seasonally).


lexentry: eng/arsehole__Noun__1
written_rep: arsehole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: крети́н | приду́рок
sense_list:
(Commonwealth, mildly, vulgar, offensive, or, derogatory) An inconsiderate or mean-spirited person. Less vulgar and intense than fucker or cunt.


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арсена́л | арсенал
sense_list:
A military establishment for the storing, development, manufacturing, testing, or repairing of arms, ammunition, and other war materiel; an armoury.


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: арсена́л
sense_list:
A stock of weapons, especially all the weapons that a nation possesses. | A store or supply of anything.


lexentry: eng/arsenic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мышьяко́вая кислота́
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A poisonous, white crystalline compound, H3AsO4, formed from arsenic pentoxide and water; it has the same structure as phosphoric acid, and is used in the manufacture of arsenates.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
written_rep: art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сство | искусство | уме́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colours, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the senses and emotions, usually specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
written_rep: art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: иску́сство | искусство
sense_list:
(countable) Skillful creative activity, usually with an aesthetic focus. | (uncountable) The study and the product of these processes. | (uncountable) Aesthetic value. | (countable) A field or category of art, such as painting, sculpture, music, ballet, or literature. | (countable) A nonscientific branch of learning; one of the liberal arts.


lexentry: eng/art_gallery__Noun__1
written_rep: art gallery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карти́нная галере́я | худо́жественная галере́я
sense_list:
A room, a group of rooms, or other space where works of art are placed on display, possibly for sale.


lexentry: eng/artemisia__Noun__1
written_rep: artemisia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артеми́зия | полы́нь
sense_list:
Any of many aromatic flowering plants of the genus Artemisia, including wormwood, sagebrush, and tarragon, often used as traditional medicine, oral contraceptive and flavoring.


lexentry: eng/arterial_road__Noun__1
written_rep: arterial road
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: магистральная дорога
sense_list:
A major thoroughfare, particularly one used to provide a large capacity for travelling some distance.


lexentry: eng/artery__Noun__1
written_rep: artery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арте́рия | артерия
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery. | (transport) A major transit corridor in a system of roads, rivers, or railway lines.


lexentry: eng/arthritis__Noun__1
written_rep: arthritis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артри́т | артрит
sense_list:
Inflammation of a joint or joints causing pain and/or disability, swelling and stiffness, and due to various causes such as infection, trauma, degenerative changes or metabolic disorders.


lexentry: eng/arthropod__Noun__1
written_rep: arthropod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: членистоно́гое | членистоногое
sense_list:
An invertebrate animal of the phylum Arthropoda, characterized by a chitinous exoskeleton and multiple jointed appendages.


lexentry: eng/artichoke__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артишо́к | артишок
sense_list:
A plant related to the thistle with enlarged flower heads eaten as a vegetable while immature, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus.


lexentry: eng/artichoke_heart__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke heart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артишок
sense_list:
The edible base of an artichoke, prepared by removing the outer leaves and the inedible choke covering it.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: статья́ | статья
sense_list:
A piece of nonfiction writing such as a story, report, opinion piece, or entry in a newspaper, magazine, journal, encyclopedia, etc.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: арти́кль | член | артикль
sense_list:
(grammar) A part of speech that indicates, specifies and limits a noun (a, an, or the in English). In some languages the article may appear as an ending (e.g. definite article in Swedish) or there may be none (e.g. Russian, Pashto).


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: статья́ | пара́граф
sense_list:
A section of a legal document, bylaws, etc. or, in the plural, the entire document seen as a collection of these.


lexentry: eng/articles_of_association__Noun__1
written_rep: articles of association
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уста́в
sense_list:
A document which, along with the memorandum of association, forms a company's constitution, defines the responsibilities of the directors, the kind of business to be undertaken, and the means by which the shareholders exert control over the board of directors.


lexentry: eng/articulated__Adjective__1
written_rep: articulated
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сочленение
sense_list:
Constructed with one or more pivoted joints which allow bending of an otherwise rigid structure. | Of a vehicle, composed of component parts each with its own wheels and chassis, e.g. an articulated lorry, articulated bus, or certain kinds of streetcars and trains.


lexentry: eng/articulated_bus__Noun__1
written_rep: articulated bus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[авто́бус]]-[[гармо́шка]]
sense_list:
A bus fitted with a joint, which is covered by an accordion-shaped weatherproofing, to increase its manoeuvrability.


lexentry: eng/articulation__Noun__1
written_rep: articulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сочлене́ние | шарни́р
sense_list:
(countable, or, uncountable) A joint or the collection of joints at which something is articulated, or hinged, for bending.


lexentry: eng/articulation__Noun__1
written_rep: articulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: артикуля́ция
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality, clarity or sharpness of speech. | (accounting) The interrelation and congruence of the flow of data between financial statements of an entity, especially between the income statement and balance sheet.


lexentry: eng/artifact__Noun__1
written_rep: artifact
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артефа́кт
sense_list:
An object made or shaped by human hand or labor. | (archaeology) An object, such as a tool, ornament, or weapon of archaeological or historical interest, especially such an object found at an archaeological excavation.


lexentry: eng/artificial__Adjective__1
written_rep: artificial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: иску́сственный | неесте́ственный | ненатура́льный
sense_list:
Not natural or normal: imposed arbitrarily or without regard to the specifics or normal circumstances of a person, a situation, etc.


lexentry: eng/artificial_horizon__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial horizon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авиагоризо́нт
sense_list:
(aviation) An instrument that displays the pitch and roll of an aircraft in flight by comparing its attitude to a gyroscopically-maintained indication of the flat horizon line.


lexentry: eng/artificial_insemination__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial insemination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственное оплодотворе́ние | иску́сственное осемене́ние
sense_list:
(biology, medicine) The introduction of semen into the uterus or cervix of a female by a means other than copulation.


lexentry: eng/artificial_intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственный интелле́кт | ИИ́
sense_list:
(computer science) The branch of computer science dealing with the reproduction or mimicking of human-level intelligence, self-awareness, knowledge, conscience, thought in computer programs. | Intelligence exhibited by an artificial (non-natural, man-made) entity.


lexentry: eng/artificial_intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственный интелле́кт | искусственный интеллект
sense_list:
The essential quality of a machine which thinks in a manner similar to or on the same general level as a real human being.


lexentry: eng/artificial_respiration__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial respiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственное дыха́ние
sense_list:
(medicine) The manual or mechanical forcing of air into the lungs of a person who is not breathing in order to maintain life.


lexentry: eng/artificial_selection__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial selection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственный отбо́р
sense_list:
(evolutionary theory) Intervention by humans in the breeding of plants or animals in order to preserve selected genetic traits.


lexentry: eng/artillery__Noun__1
written_rep: artillery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: артилле́рия | артиллерия
sense_list:
An army unit that uses such weapons, or a military formation using projectile weapons, such as archers.


lexentry: eng/artiodactyl__Noun__1
written_rep: artiodactyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: парнокопы́тное
sense_list:
(zoology) Any ungulate mammal with an even number of toes and belonging to the Artiodactyla, including pigs, sheep, deer, cattle, and most grazing animals. In contrast, horses have an odd number of toes and as such are not Artiodactyla, but Perissodactyla. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/arugula__Noun__1
written_rep: arugula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ру́ккола
sense_list:
One of three yellowish-flowered Mediterranean herbs of the mustard family with flavoured leaves, often eaten in salads. Has a distinct, peppery flavor:


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: как | чем
sense_list:
(dated) Introducing a comparison with a hypothetical state (+ subjunctive, or with the verb elided): as though, as if. [to 19th century]


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: как | в | в ка́честве
sense_list:
(law) used before a preposition to clarify that the prepositional phrase restricts the meaning of the sentence; specifically.


lexentry: eng/as__Noun__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: как | так | поско́льку | ас | асс | в
sense_list:
(numismatics) Any of several coins of Rome, coined in bronze or later copper; or the equivalent value.


lexentry: eng/as_far_as_one_knows__Adverb__1
written_rep: as far as one knows
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наско́лько мне изве́стно | наско́лько я зна́ю
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To the best of one's knowledge, as far as someone knows about the topic, subject, aspect, or situation.


lexentry: eng/as_is__Adjective__1
written_rep: as is
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как есть | как бы́ло
sense_list:
(idiomatic, of an object) as it is; in its present state or condition, especially as a contractual condition of sale.


lexentry: eng/as_it_were__Adverb__1
written_rep: as it were
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: так сказа́ть
sense_list:
Used to indicate that a word or statement is perhaps not exact though practically right; as if it were so.


lexentry: eng/as_much_as__Adverb__1
written_rep: as much as
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в известной степени
sense_list:
Practically, just as, no less than; indicates an action tantamount to, but not identical to, the action described.


lexentry: eng/as_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: as of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: от | по состоянию на | с | этой даты
sense_list:
(idiomatic) At or by a specified time, with the implication that the said condition will be true from that time onward.


lexentry: eng/as_the_crow_flies__Adverb__1
written_rep: as the crow flies
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: напряму́ю | прямой
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a straight line distance between two locations, as opposed to the road distance or over land distance.


lexentry: eng/as_you_sow,_so_shall_you_reap__Proverb__1
written_rep: as you sow, so shall you reap
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
The consequences of one's actions to oneself are in proportion to one's good or bad intentions towards others.

trans_list:
как ау́кнется, так и откли́кнется | как посе́ешь, так и пожнёшь | кто се́ет ветер, пожнёт бу́рю | что посе́ешь, то и пожнёшь


lexentry: eng/as_you_were__Interjection__1
written_rep: as you were
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отставить
sense_list:
Disregard the previous partial command or order and return to the most recent formal command or order.


lexentry: eng/as_you_wish__Interjection__1
written_rep: as you wish
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как вам уго́дно | как хоти́те
sense_list:
A formal expression of agreement to something, especially with the connotation that one does not really agree.


lexentry: eng/asafoetida__Noun__1
written_rep: asafoetida
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асафетида
sense_list:
A resinous gum from the stem and roots of Ferula species such as Ferula foetida and Ferula assa-foetida, having a strong, unpleasant smell, with culinary and medical uses. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/asarabacca__Noun__1
written_rep: asarabacca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копы́тень
sense_list:
An acrid herbaceous plant, Asarum europaeum, the leaves and roots of which are emetic and cathartic.


lexentry: eng/asbestos__Noun__1
written_rep: asbestos
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асбе́ст | асбест
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate, used for fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings, chemical filters, suits, fireman's gloves, etc.


lexentry: eng/ascariasis__Noun__1
written_rep: ascariasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аскаридоз
sense_list:
A disease of humans caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides in humans and by other species of Ascaris in other mammals.


lexentry: eng/ascendant__Adjective__1
written_rep: ascendant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: растущий
sense_list:
Moving upward; ascending, rising. | (astrology) In an eastern direction rising just above the horizon. | (astronomy) Rising towards the zenith.


lexentry: eng/ascendant__Noun__1
written_rep: ascendant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: растущий
sense_list:
(astrology, also, figurative) The degree of the zodiac or point of the ecliptic which rises in an eastern direction above the horizon at a particular moment (especially the moment of a person's birth), which is supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's fortune and life; a horoscope. | (genealogy) An ancestor.


lexentry: eng/ascesis__Noun__1
written_rep: ascesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аске́за
sense_list:
(Rigorous) self-discipline, particularly as a religious observance; asceticism. | (Christianity, chiefly, Eastern Orthodoxy, and, Catholicism, specifically) The praxis or "exercise" of asceticism and self-denial of impulses or passions for the sake of piety, theosis, and connection with God.


lexentry: eng/ascetic__Noun__1
written_rep: ascetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аскет
sense_list:
One who is devoted to the practice of self-denial, either through seclusion or stringent abstinence.


lexentry: eng/ascites__Noun__1
written_rep: ascites
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асцит
sense_list:
(medicine) An accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, frequently symptomatic of liver disease.


lexentry: eng/ascomycete__Noun__1
written_rep: ascomycete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аскомице́т
sense_list:
(mycology) Any fungus of the phylum Ascomycota, characterized by the production of a sac, or ascus, which contains non-motile spores.


lexentry: eng/ascorbic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: ascorbic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аскорби́новая кислота́ | аскорбиновая кислота
sense_list:
(vitamin) A white crystalline organic compound, C6H8O6, found in citrus fruits and many vegetables; it is an antioxidant and an efficient scavenger of free radicals.


lexentry: eng/ascribe__Verb__1
written_rep: ascribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: припи́сывать | приписа́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To attribute a cause or characteristic to someone or something. | (transitive) To attribute a book, painting or any work of art or literature to a writer or creator.


lexentry: eng/ascription__Noun__1
written_rep: ascription
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: припи́сывание
sense_list:
The act, or an instance, of ascribing a quality, characteristic, quotation, artistic work, or other thing to someone or something.


lexentry: eng/ascus__Noun__1
written_rep: ascus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аск | сумка
sense_list:
(mycology) A sac-shaped cell present in ascomycete fungi; it is a reproductive cell in which meiosis and an additional cell division produce eight spores.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: asexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: асексуа́льный
sense_list:
(especially, of a person) Not experiencing sexual attraction; lacking interest in or desire for sex.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: asexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: беспо́лый
sense_list:
(biology) Lacking distinct sex, lacking sexual organs. | (biology) Without sexual action; reproducing by some other method than sex.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Noun__1
written_rep: asexual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: асексуа́л | асексуали́ст
sense_list:
A person who does not experience sexual attraction; a person who lacks interest in or desire for sex.


lexentry: eng/ashcan__Noun__1
written_rep: ashcan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мусор
sense_list:
A container for ashes, used in times past for accumulating ashes generated from wood and coal fires, for eventual disposal elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/ashlar__Noun__1
written_rep: ashlar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: белый камень
sense_list:
(architecture) Masonry employing flat and well-squared stone or brick, creating an appearance similar to wooden flooring.


lexentry: eng/ashram__Noun__1
written_rep: ashram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ашра́м
sense_list:
(Hinduism) A secluded religious hermitage inhabited by gurus, or the population of such a hermitage.


lexentry: eng/ashugh__Noun__1
written_rep: ashugh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аши́к | ашу́г
sense_list:
A mystic bard, balladeer, or troubadour in the South Caucasus, Iran or Turkey who accompanied their songs with a long-necked lute (saz).


lexentry: eng/ashy_minivet__Noun__1
written_rep: ashy minivet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́пельный длиннохво́стый личинкое́д | се́рый личинкое́д
sense_list:
A passerine bird, Pericrocotus divaricatus, of eastern Asia that belongs to the minivet genus Pericrocotus in the cuckooshrike family, Campephagidae.


lexentry: eng/askari__Noun__1
written_rep: askari
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аскари
sense_list:
(historical) A member of a local African military or police unit, usually one serving in a European colonial force.


lexentry: eng/aspartame__Noun__1
written_rep: aspartame
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аспартам
sense_list:
(organic compound) An artificial sweetener, the methyl ester of a dipeptide formed from aspartic acid and phenylalanine, used in many processed foods and beverages.


lexentry: eng/aspartic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: aspartic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аспараги́новая кислота́ | аспарагиновая кислота
sense_list:
(amino acid) A nonessential amino acid, L-α-amino-succinic acid, aminobutanedioic acid, found in animal protein and in sugar beet etc (C4H7NO4).


lexentry: eng/aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: вид | перспекти́ва
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatical quality of a verb which determines the relationship of the speaker to the internal temporal flow of the event which the verb describes, or whether the speaker views the event from outside as a whole, or from within as it is unfolding. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/aspect_ratio__Noun__1
written_rep: aspect ratio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: коэффицие́нт пропорциона́льности
sense_list:
The ratio of width to height in a flat surface or 2-dimensional abstract construction, such as an image, character, or pixel.


lexentry: eng/aspen__Noun__1
written_rep: aspen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оси́на | осина
sense_list:
A poplar tree, especially of section Populus sect. Populus, of medium-size trees with thin, straight trunks of a greenish-white color.


lexentry: eng/aspergillum__Noun__1
written_rep: aspergillum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кропи́ло
sense_list:
(Christianity) An implement, in the form of a brush, or of a rod with a perforated container, for sprinkling holy water; a holy water sprinkler.


lexentry: eng/aspersion__Noun__1
written_rep: aspersion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клевета́
sense_list:
An attack on somebody's reputation or good name, often in the phrase to cast aspersions upon…. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/asphalt__Noun__1
written_rep: asphalt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асфа́льт | асфальт
sense_list:
A sticky, black to brown and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid, composed almost entirely of bitumen with small mineral particles, that is present in most crude petroleums and in some natural deposits. | Ellipsis of asphalt concrete, a hard ground covering used for roads and walkways.


lexentry: eng/asphalt_jungle__Noun__1
written_rep: asphalt jungle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́менные джу́нгли
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A city or urban area, where the landscape is covered by pavement and the environment is alienating and unsafe.


lexentry: eng/asphodel__Noun__1
written_rep: asphodel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асфоде́ль | златоцве́тник
sense_list:
Any of the flowering plants of the family Asphodelaceae, especially Asphodelus ramosus and Asphodelus albus; the flower of these plants.


lexentry: eng/asphyxia__Noun__1
written_rep: asphyxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: асфикси́я | уду́шье
sense_list:
Loss of consciousness due to the body's inability to deliver oxygen to its tissues, either by the breathing of air lacking oxygen or by the inability of the blood to carry oxygen. | (medicine, obsolete) A condition in which an extreme decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the body leads to loss of consciousness or death. Replaced in the mid-20th century by the more specific terms anoxia, hypoxia, hypoxemia and hypercapnia.


lexentry: eng/aspidistra__Noun__1
written_rep: aspidistra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аспиди́стра
sense_list:
any of several Asian plants, of the genus Aspidistra, having large leaves and small bell-shaped flowers; widely cultivated as a houseplant


lexentry: eng/aspirate__Verb__1
written_rep: aspirate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: произноси́ть с придыханием
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, linguistics) To produce an audible puff of breath, especially following a consonant, such as the letter "h" at the beginning of house or hat in standard English.


lexentry: eng/aspirated_h__Noun__1
written_rep: aspirated h
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: придыха́тельное аш
sense_list:
(French phonology) In the French language, usage of the letter h at the start of a word which does not allow liaison with a preceding consonant or elision of a preceding schwa.


lexentry: eng/aspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: aspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амби́ция | наде́жда | стремле́ние
sense_list:
The act of aspiring or ardently desiring; an ardent wish or desire, chiefly after what is elevated or spiritual (with common adjunct adpositions being to and of).


lexentry: eng/asplenia__Noun__1
written_rep: asplenia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асплени́я
sense_list:
(biology, medicine) Absence of normal function of the spleen, from any cause: | (biology, medicine) Physiological absence of splenic function; either substantial or total splenic dysfunction; splenic nonfunction.


lexentry: eng/ass-backwards__Adverb__1
written_rep: ass-backwards
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ра́ком | че́рез жопу | ши́ворот-навы́ворот
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial) In a hopelessly misguided manner; in a manner contrary to what is normal, expected, or logical.


lexentry: eng/ass-kisser__Noun__1
written_rep: ass-kisser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жополи́з
sense_list:
(North America, vulgar, slang) Someone who kisses ass (who acts obsequiously in order to gain another's favor).


lexentry: eng/ass-licker__Noun__1
written_rep: ass-licker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жополи́з | жополи́зка
sense_list:
(US, vulgar, slang) Someone who succumbs to authority, doing whatever authority figures ask and attempting to please them in every possible way; (by extension) any contemptible person. | (US, vulgar, slang) Someone who performs anilingus.


lexentry: eng/ass__Noun__1
written_rep: ass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: осёл | иша́к
sense_list:
Any of several species of horse-like animals, especially Equus asinus, the domesticated of which are used as beasts of burden.


lexentry: eng/ass__Noun__2
written_rep: ass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: е́бля | тра́ханье | трах
sense_list:
(vulgar, slang, synecdochically, uncountable) Sex; a person to have sex with; with vulgar emphasis on their corporeality (their body) over their personhood.


lexentry: eng/assassin__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассаси́н | хашаши́н
sense_list:
(historical, , usually, capitalized) A member of the Nizari Ismaili Muslim community of the Alamut Period.


lexentry: eng/assassin__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ки́ллер | наёмный уби́йца | уби́йца
sense_list:
Someone who intentionally kills a person, especially a professional who kills a public or political figure.


lexentry: eng/assassin_bug__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin bug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хищне́ц
sense_list:
Any true bug from the subfamily Reduviinae of the family Reduviidae, all of which eat other insects. They can inflict a very painful bite, but don't cause disease. | Any true bug from any of the subfamilies of the Reduviidae, including those in the subfamily Triatominae, which suck blood and may transmit Chagas' disease to humans.


lexentry: eng/assassinate__Verb__1
written_rep: assassinate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уби́ть | убива́ть
sense_list:
To murder someone, especially an important person, by a sudden or obscure attack, especially for ideological or political reasons. [from 17th c.] | (figuratively) To harm, ruin, or defame severely or destroy by treachery, slander, libel, or obscure attack.


lexentry: eng/assault_rifle__Noun__1
written_rep: assault rifle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автома́т | штурмова́я винто́вка
sense_list:
A military select-fire rifle or carbine that fires a shortened rifle caliber round or lower-power smaller-calibre round, from a high-capacity magazine.


lexentry: eng/assay__Noun__1
written_rep: assay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: про́ба
sense_list:
The act or process of ascertaining the proportion of a particular metal in an ore or alloy; especially, the determination of the proportion of gold or silver in bullion or coin.


lexentry: eng/assegai__Noun__1
written_rep: assegai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассагай
sense_list:
A slim hardwood spear or javelin with an iron tip, especially those used by Bantu peoples of Southern Africa.


lexentry: eng/assemblage__Noun__1
written_rep: assemblage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соединение
sense_list:
The process of assembling or bringing together. | A collection of things which have been gathered together or assembled. | (archaeology) A group of different artifacts found in association with one another.


lexentry: eng/assemblage_point__Noun__1
written_rep: assemblage point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[то́чка]] сбо́рки
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) Any vortex of an energy field (including but not limited to any given organism).


lexentry: eng/assembler__Noun__1
written_rep: assembler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассемблер
sense_list:
(programming, countable) A program that reads source code written in assembly language and produces executable machine code, possibly together with information needed by linkers, debuggers and other tools.


lexentry: eng/assembly__Noun__1
written_rep: assembly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: блок | у́зел
sense_list:
(computing, Microsoft .NET) A building block of an application, similar to a DLL, but containing both executable code and information normally found in a DLL's type library. The type library information in an assembly, called a manifest, describes public functions, data, classes, and version information.


lexentry: eng/assembly_language__Noun__1
written_rep: assembly language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассе́мблер | язы́к ассе́мблера
sense_list:
(computer languages) A programming language in which the source code of programs is composed of mnemonic instructions, each of which corresponds directly to a machine instruction for a particular processor.


lexentry: eng/assembly_line__Noun__1
written_rep: assembly line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конве́йер | ли́ния сбо́рки | сбо́рочная ли́ния
sense_list:
(manufacturing) A system of workers and machinery in which a product is assembled in a series of consecutive operations; typically the product is conveyed by a continuously moving belt.


lexentry: eng/assert__Verb__1
written_rep: assert
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: отста́ивать | отстоя́ть | утверди́ть | утвержда́ть
sense_list:
(reflexive) To insist on the legitimacy of one's rights, opinion, etc; not to allow oneself to be dismissed; to ensure that one is taken into consideration; to make oneself respected; to be assertive. See assert oneself.


lexentry: eng/asshole__Noun__1
written_rep: asshole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гад | говню́к | жо́пошник | засра́нец | муда́к | мудоёб
sense_list:
(vulgar, derogatory, or, offensive, synecdochically) A jerk; an inappropriately or objectionably mean, inconsiderate, contemptible, obnoxious, intrusive, stupid, or rude person.


lexentry: eng/assimilation__Noun__1
written_rep: assimilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ассимиля́ция | ассимиляция
sense_list:
(phonology) A sound change process by which the phonetics of a speech segment becomes more like that of another segment in a word (or at a word boundary), so that a change of phoneme occurs.


lexentry: eng/assimilation__Noun__1
written_rep: assimilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ассимиляция
sense_list:
(sociology, cultural studies) The adoption, by a minority group, of the customs and attitudes of the dominant culture.


lexentry: eng/assist__Verb__1
written_rep: assist
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассисти́ровать | помо́чь | помога́ть | посоде́йствовать | поспосо́бствовать | соде́йствовать
sense_list:
To help. | (medicine) To help compensate for what is missing with the help of a medical technique or therapy.


lexentry: eng/assistant_referee__Noun__1
written_rep: assistant referee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: судья на линии
sense_list:
(soccer, British) : One of the two officials at an association football match, previously known as linesmen, who assist the referee.


lexentry: eng/assistive_technology__Noun__1
written_rep: assistive technology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вспомогательное средство
sense_list:
Umbrella term that includes adaptive, assistive, and rehabilitative devices for people with disabilities.


lexentry: eng/associate's_degree__Noun__1
written_rep: associate's degree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бакалавр
sense_list:
An academic degree awarded after the equivalent of approximately two years of college education, usually by a community college.


lexentry: eng/associate_professor__Noun__1
written_rep: associate professor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доцент
sense_list:
(education) A teacher in a higher education institution who ranks above an assistant professor and below a professor.


lexentry: eng/association__Noun__1
written_rep: association
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: объедине́ние | соедине́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of associating. | (countable) The state of being associated; a connection to or an affiliation with something.


lexentry: eng/association_football__Noun__1
written_rep: association football
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: футбо́л
sense_list:
A ball game played between two teams of eleven players, each attempting to win by scoring more goals than their opponent.


lexentry: eng/associative__Adjective__1
written_rep: associative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ассоциати́вный | ассоциативный
sense_list:
(algebra, of a binary operator *) Such that, for any operands a, b and c, (a * b) * c = a * (b * c); (of a ring, etc.) whose multiplication operation is associative.


lexentry: eng/associative_array__Noun__1
written_rep: associative array
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: слова́рь
sense_list:
(computing) An array-like data structure where the indices (called keys) are not limited to integers.


lexentry: eng/assonance__Noun__1
written_rep: assonance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ассона́нс
sense_list:
(prosody) The repetition of similar or identical vowel sounds (though with different consonants), usually in literature or poetry.


lexentry: eng/assurance__Noun__1
written_rep: assurance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: завере́ние | увере́ние
sense_list:
(insurance) Insurance; a contract for the payment of a sum on occasion of a certain event, as loss or death. Assurance is used in relation to life contingencies, and insurance in relation to other contingencies. It is called temporary assurance, in the time within which the contingent event must happen is limited.


lexentry: eng/assure__Verb__1
written_rep: assure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заве́рить | заверя́ть | убеди́ть | убежда́ть | уве́рить | уверя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, followed by that or of) To give (someone) confidence in the trustworthiness of (something).


lexentry: eng/asswipe__Noun__1
written_rep: asswipe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: туалетная бумага
sense_list:
(North America, informal, mildly, vulgar, offensive, or, derogatory) An annoying, contemptible, or worthless person.


lexentry: eng/asterisk__Noun__1
written_rep: asterisk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: звезди́ца
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism) An instrument with radiating arms resembling a star which is placed over the diskos (or paten) used during the Eucharist to prevent the veil covering the chalice and diskos from touching the host on the diskos.


lexentry: eng/asterism__Noun__1
written_rep: asterism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астери́зм
sense_list:
(constellation) An unofficial constellation (small group of stars that forms a visible pattern). | (mineralogy) A star-shaped figure exhibited by some crystals by reflected light (as in a star sapphire) or by transmitted light (as in some mica).


lexentry: eng/asterism__Noun__1
written_rep: asterism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: астери́зм | три звёздочки
sense_list:
A rarely used typographical symbol of three asterisks arranged in a triangle, ⁂, used to call attention to a passage or to separate subchapters in a book. Distinct from a dinkus which also uses asterisks to separate.


lexentry: eng/asteroid__Noun__1
written_rep: asteroid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астеро́ид | ма́лая плане́та | астероид
sense_list:
(astronomy) A naturally occurring solid object, which is smaller than a planet and a dwarf planet, larger than a meteoroid and not a comet, that orbits a star and often has an irregular shape.


lexentry: eng/asteroid_belt__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: asteroid belt
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́яс астеро́идов
sense_list:
(astronomy) The main asteroid belt, the region of the orbital plane of the Solar System located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter which is occupied by numerous minor planets (asteroids) and the dwarf planet Ceres.


lexentry: eng/asteronym__Noun__1
written_rep: asteronym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астроним
sense_list:
(typography, rare) An asterism (⁂) or similar symbol which replaces the name of the author in a literary work.


lexentry: eng/asthma__Noun__1
written_rep: asthma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́стма | астма
sense_list:
(pathology) A long-term respiratory condition, in which the airways may unexpectedly and suddenly narrow, often in response to an allergen, cold air, exercise, or emotional stress. Symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing.


lexentry: eng/astigmatism__Noun__1
written_rep: astigmatism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астигмати́зм | астигматизм
sense_list:
(optics) A defect of a lens such that light rays coming from a point do not meet at a focal point so that the image is blurred. | (pathology) A disorder of the vision, usually due to a misshapen cornea, such that light does not focus correctly on the retina causing a blurred image.


lexentry: eng/astrakhan__Noun__1
written_rep: astrakhan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мерлу́шка | сму́шек | сму́шка
sense_list:
Closely-curled black or grey fleece of very young karakul lambs from Astrakhan. | Cloth resembling the above mentioned fur, often made from wool and mohair and used for trimmings.


lexentry: eng/astral__Adjective__1
written_rep: astral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: астра́льный | звёздный
sense_list:
(parapsychology, theosophy, fantasy) Composed of ethereal material or non-physical (sometimes supersensible), and capable of sometimes separating from the physical body (as an astral body) to travel to other places or to other realms of existence (in or via the astral plane).


lexentry: eng/astral_body__Noun__1
written_rep: astral body
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астра́льное те́ло
sense_list:
(parapsychology, theosophy, fantasy) A ghost-like replica of one's physical body which supposedly inhabits or is somehow associated with the physical body, conceived as a subtle body composed of some sort of ethereal material or as being non-physical and capable of sometimes separating from the physical body to travel to other places or to other realms of existence.


lexentry: eng/astrodynamics__Noun__1
written_rep: astrodynamics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астродинамика
sense_list:
The study of the motion of rockets and spacecraft, usually from Newton's laws of motion, Newtonian gravity, and Kepler's laws


lexentry: eng/astrological_sign__Noun__1
written_rep: astrological sign
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зна́к | зна́к зодиа́ка
sense_list:
(astrology) Any of twelve signs, corresponding to constellations, that are used as the basis of astrology


lexentry: eng/astrology__Noun__1
written_rep: astrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астроло́гия | астрология
sense_list:
Divination about human affairs or natural phenomena from the relative positions of celestial bodies. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/astrometry__Noun__1
written_rep: astrometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрометрия
sense_list:
(astronomy) The branch of astronomy that deals with the measurement of the positions and motions of celestial bodies, particularly stars.


lexentry: eng/astronaut__Noun__1
written_rep: astronaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрона́вт | астрона́втка | космона́вт | космона́втка
sense_list:
A member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft that travels beyond Earth's atmosphere, or someone trained to serve that purpose.


lexentry: eng/astronomer__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астроно́м | астроном
sense_list:
(astronomy) One who studies astronomy, the stars or the physical universe; a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics


lexentry: eng/astronomical__Adjective__1
written_rep: astronomical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрономи́ческий | астрономический
sense_list:
(not comparable, astronomy) Of or relating to astronomy. | (comparable) Very large; of vast measure.


lexentry: eng/astronomical_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomical unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрономи́ческая едини́ца | астрономическая единица
sense_list:
(astronomy) 149,597,870,700 metres, the approximate mean distance from the Earth to the Sun (the semi-major axis of Earth's orbit), (symbol AU), used to measure distances in the solar system.


lexentry: eng/astronomy__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астроно́мия | астрономия
sense_list:
The study of the physical universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere, including the process of mapping locations and properties of the matter and radiation in the universe.


lexentry: eng/astrophotography__Noun__1
written_rep: astrophotography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́строфотогра́фия
sense_list:
(astronomy, photography) The photography or imaging of astronomical objects, celestial events or areas of the night sky.


lexentry: eng/astrophysics__Noun__1
written_rep: astrophysics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: астрофи́зика | астрофизика
sense_list:
The branch of astronomy or physics that deals with the physical properties of celestial bodies and with the interaction between matter and radiation in celestial bodies and in the space between them.


lexentry: eng/asylum__Noun__1
written_rep: asylum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
sense_list:
(dated) A place of protection or restraint for one or more classes of the disadvantaged, especially the mentally ill.

trans_list:
[[психиатрический|психиатри́ческая]] [[больни́ца]] | [[психиатрический|психиатри́ческая]] [[лече́бница]] | дурдо́м | психбольни́ца | психу́шка | сумасше́дший дом


lexentry: eng/asylum_seeker__Noun__1
written_rep: asylum seeker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
A person who has applied for asylum in a foreign country but has not yet been granted refugee status by that country.

trans_list:
[[лицо́]], [[ищущий|ищу́щее]] [[убе́жище]] | [[соиска́тель]] [[убежище|убе́жища]] | [[соиска́тельница]] [[убежище|убе́жища]] | бе́женец | бе́женка


lexentry: eng/asymmetry__Noun__1
written_rep: asymmetry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асимметри́я
sense_list:
Absence of symmetry or proportion between the parts of a thing, or a distinction that produces such a lack of symmetry.


lexentry: eng/asymptote__Noun__1
written_rep: asymptote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: асимпто́та | асимптота
sense_list:
(analysis) A straight line which a curve approaches arbitrarily closely as it goes to infinity. The limit of the curve; its tangent "at infinity".


lexentry: eng/at__Preposition__1
written_rep: at
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: в
sense_list:
(indicating time) Indicating occurrence in an instant of time or a period of time relatively short in context or from the speaker’s perspective.


lexentry: eng/at_a_loss_for_words__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: at a loss for words
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ошеломлённый
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Having nothing to say; not knowing what to say; stunned to the point of being speechless.


lexentry: eng/at_all__Adverb__1
written_rep: at all
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: во́все | вообще́ | совсе́м
sense_list:
(idiom) Indicating degree, quantity or frequency greater than zero: to the slightest degree, in any way, at any time or in any circumstance.


lexentry: eng/at_it__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: at it
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: за [[это|э́тим]] | при [[это|э́том]]
sense_list:
Occupied with a given activity; busy with something. [from 17th c.] | Engaged in sexual intercourse or other sexual activity.


lexentry: eng/at_sixes_and_sevens__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: at sixes and sevens
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беспорядок | вверх дном
sense_list:
(idiomatic, UK, Irish, Commonwealth) In a state of confusion. | (idiomatic, of people or groups) In a state of dispute or disagreement.


lexentry: eng/ataman__Noun__1
written_rep: ataman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атама́н
sense_list:
(historical) A title of Cossack and haidamak leaders of various kinds. The term was also used for the leader of a fisherman artel and of a band of robbers or thieves.


lexentry: eng/atavism__Noun__1
written_rep: atavism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атави́зм
sense_list:
The reappearance of an ancestral characteristic in an organism after several generations of absence; a throwback.


lexentry: eng/atavistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atavistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атависти́ческий
sense_list:
(biology) Of the recurrence of a trait reappearing after an absence of one or more generations due to a chance recombination of genes.


lexentry: eng/ataxia__Noun__1
written_rep: ataxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атакси́я | атаксия
sense_list:
(physical chemistry, organic chemistry) The condition of a polymer in which the orientation of the subunits is random


lexentry: eng/ateji__Noun__1
written_rep: ateji
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атэ́дзи
sense_list:
(linguistics) The use of kanji chosen primarily for their phonetic (narrow sense) or semantic (broad sense) value to represent foreign or native Japanese words, or the kanji so used.


lexentry: eng/athame__Noun__1
written_rep: athame
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атам
sense_list:
A ceremonial pointed knife or dagger, used especially in Wicca and other neopagan traditions and typically having a black handle with magical symbols on it. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/atheism__Noun__1
written_rep: atheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атеи́зм | безбо́жие | атеизм
sense_list:
(broadly) A lack of belief in deities, or a belief that there is insufficient evidence to believe in a god.


lexentry: eng/atheist__Noun__1
written_rep: atheist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неве́рующая | неве́рующий | атеи́ст | атеи́стка | безбо́жник | безбо́жница
sense_list:
(broadly) A person who doubts the existence of deities (therefore, an agnostic may be considered an atheist). | (narrowly) A person who is certain that no deities exist or who thinks that the existence of deities can be disproven.


lexentry: eng/athematic__Adjective__1
written_rep: athematic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атемати́ческий
sense_list:
(linguistics) Of a root, not having a thematic vowel and thus attaching inflections directly to the root.


lexentry: eng/atherosclerosis__Noun__1
written_rep: atherosclerosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атеросклероз
sense_list:
(pathology) The clogging or hardening of arteries or blood vessels caused by plaques (accumulations of fatty deposits, usually cholesterol).


lexentry: eng/athetosis__Noun__1
written_rep: athetosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атетоз
sense_list:
(symptom) A series of involuntary writhing movements of the limbs, typically bilateral and symmetric and predominantly affecting the distal parts of the limbs.


lexentry: eng/athlete's_foot__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete's foot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: грибо́к стопы́ | эпидермофити́я стопы́
sense_list:
(disease) A fungal infection of the skin of the foot, usually between the toes, caused by pathogen fungi, such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, syn. Trichophyton mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum


lexentry: eng/athlete__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: легкоатле́т | легкоатле́тка
sense_list:
A participant in any of a group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country running and racewalking.


lexentry: eng/athlete__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атле́т | атле́тка | спортсме́н | спортсме́нка
sense_list:
(US, Canada) A person who actively participates in physical sports, especially with great skill; a sportsperson.


lexentry: eng/athletics__Noun__1
written_rep: athletics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атле́тика
sense_list:
(sports, especially US) Physical activities such as sports and games requiring stamina, fitness and skill.


lexentry: eng/athwart__Preposition__1
written_rep: athwart
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: напереко́р
sense_list:
Across the course or path of, so as to meet; hence (figuratively) , to the attention of. | Across the course or path of, so as to oppose.


lexentry: eng/atlas__Noun__1
written_rep: atlas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: атла́нт | атлас
sense_list:
(anatomy) The uppermost vertebra of the cervical spine in the neck in humans and some other animals. | (architecture) A figure of a man used as a column.


lexentry: eng/atmosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: atmosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обстано́вка
sense_list:
(figuratively) The conditions (such as music, illumination etc.) that can influence the mood felt in an environment.


lexentry: eng/atmosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: atmosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: атмосфе́ра | атмосфера
sense_list:
A unit of measurement for pressure equal to 101325 Pa (symbol: atm), approximately the atmospheric pressure at sea level.


lexentry: eng/atoll__Noun__1
written_rep: atoll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ато́лл | атолл
sense_list:
A type of island consisting of a ribbon reef that nearly or entirely surrounds a lagoon and supports, in most cases, one to many islets on the reef platform.


lexentry: eng/atom__Noun__1
written_rep: atom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́том | атом
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. [from 16th c.] | (history of science) A hypothetical particle posited by Greek philosophers as an ultimate and indivisible component of matter. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/atom__Noun__1
written_rep: atom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: атом
sense_list:
(mathematics) A non-zero member of a partially ordered set that has only zero below it (assuming that the poset has a least element, its "zero"). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/atomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́томный | атомный
sense_list:
(physics, chemistry) Of or relating to atoms; composed of atoms; monatomic. | Employing or relating to nuclear energy or processes.


lexentry: eng/atomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: атомарный
sense_list:
(computing, of an operation) Guaranteed to complete either fully or not at all while waiting in a pause, and running synchronously when called by multiple asynchronous threads.


lexentry: eng/atomic_clock__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic clock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́томные часы́ | атомные часы
sense_list:
An extremely accurate reference clock whose operation is based on an atomic process, typically the frequency of electromagnetic radiation associated with a specified energy-level transition in an element such as cesium.


lexentry: eng/atomic_mass_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic mass unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атомная единица массы
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) A unit of mass equal to 1/12 the mass of an atom of 12C (carbon-12, an isotope of carbon).


lexentry: eng/atomic_nucleus__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic nucleus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́томное ядро́ | атомное ядро
sense_list:
(physics) A nucleus of an atom; consisting of protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud.


lexentry: eng/atomic_weight__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic weight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атомная масса
sense_list:
(physics) A term used to represent the mean relative atomic mass of an element in nature, as distinct from the relative atomic mass of a single isotope.


lexentry: eng/atomism__Noun__1
written_rep: atomism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атоми́зм
sense_list:
(philosophy) The ancient Greek theory that all matter is composed of very small indestructible and indivisible particles.


lexentry: eng/atomist__Noun__1
written_rep: atomist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атомист
sense_list:
An adherent of atomism; one who believes matter is composed of elementary indivisible particles. | An adherent of the atomic theory.


lexentry: eng/atomizer__Noun__1
written_rep: atomizer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пульвериза́тор | спрей
sense_list:
An instrument for reducing a liquid to spray or vapor for disinfecting, cooling, medical use or perfume spraying.


lexentry: eng/atomoxetine__Noun__1
written_rep: atomoxetine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атомоксети́н
sense_list:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A nonstimulant drug used for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.


lexentry: eng/atone__Verb__1
written_rep: atone
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: возмеща́ть | компенси́ровать
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To make reparation, compensation, amends or satisfaction for an offence, crime, mistake or deficiency. [from 1680s]


lexentry: eng/atonement__Noun__1
written_rep: atonement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: искупле́ние | распла́та
sense_list:
(theology, often with capitalized initial) The reconciliation of God and mankind through the death of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/atonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атонический
sense_list:
(linguistics) not having tone (pitch) | (pathology) Lacking muscle tone. | (medicine) Characterized by atony, or want of vital energy.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
written_rep: atrium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́трий | а́триум
sense_list:
(architecture) A central room or space in ancient Roman homes, open to the sky in the middle; a similar space in other buildings. | (architecture) A square hall lit by daylight from above, into which rooms open at one or more levels.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
written_rep: atrium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: предсе́рдие | атриум
sense_list:
(palynology) A cavity inside a porate aperture of a pollen grain formed by the separation of the sexine and nexine layers, widening toward the interior of the grain.


lexentry: eng/atrophy__Noun__1
written_rep: atrophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атрофи́я | атрофия
sense_list:
(pathology) A reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease, injury or lack of use. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/atropine__Noun__1
written_rep: atropine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атропи́н | атропин
sense_list:
(poison, pharmaceutical drug) An alkaloid extracted from the plant deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other sources, such as the seeds of the thorn-apple. Though overdoses would be fatal it is used as a drug in medicine for its paralytic effects (e.g. in surgery to relax muscles, in dentistry to dry the mouth, in ophthalmology to dilate the pupils).


lexentry: eng/attach__Verb__1
written_rep: attach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: заде́рживать | задержа́ть
sense_list:
To win the heart of; to connect by ties of love or self-interest; to attract; to fasten or bind by moral influence; with to. | (obsolete, legal) To arrest, seize.


lexentry: eng/attack__Noun__1
written_rep: attack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ата́ка | уда́р
sense_list:
(volleyball) Any contact with the ball other than a serve or block which sends the ball across the plane of the net.


lexentry: eng/attack__Verb__1
written_rep: attack
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: напа́сть | напада́ть | критикова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To begin to affect; to act upon injuriously or destructively; to begin to decompose or waste.


lexentry: eng/attack_aircraft__Noun__1
written_rep: attack aircraft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: штурмови́к
sense_list:
A tactical military aircraft designed to carry out precise airstrikes against ground or naval targets


lexentry: eng/attack_helicopter__Noun__1
written_rep: attack helicopter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: боево́й вертолёт | уда́рный вертолёт
sense_list:
(military) An armed helicopter with the offensive capability of engaging ground targets such as enemy infantry, military vehicles, and fortifications. [from 1950s]


lexentry: eng/attacker__Noun__1
written_rep: attacker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: напада́ющий
sense_list:
(soccer) One of the players on a team in football (soccer) in the row nearest to the opposing team's goal, who are therefore principally responsible for scoring goals.


lexentry: eng/attain__Verb__1
written_rep: attain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: доби́ться | добива́ться | дости́гнуть | дости́чь | достига́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To reach or come to, by progression or motion; to arrive at (a place, time, state, etc.).


lexentry: eng/attainment__Noun__1
written_rep: attainment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: достиже́ние
sense_list:
The act of attaining; the act of arriving at or reaching; the act of obtaining by exertion or effort.


lexentry: eng/attend__Verb__1
written_rep: attend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: посети́ть | посеща́ть | прису́тствовать | ходи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To be present at (an event or place) in order to take part in some action or proceedings; also, to regularly go to (an event or place). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/attend__Verb__1
written_rep: attend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: занима́ться | заня́ться | име́ть де́ло | удели́ть внима́ние | уделя́ть внима́ние
sense_list:
(transitive, obsolete) To give consideration to (someone or something); to heed, to pay attention, to regard.


lexentry: eng/attention__Interjection__1
written_rep: attention
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: внима́ние
sense_list:
A call for people to be quiet/stop doing what they are presently doing and pay heed to what they are to be told or shown.


lexentry: eng/attention__Noun__1
written_rep: attention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: внима́ние | уха́живания
sense_list:
(countable) An action or remark expressing concern for or interest in someone or something, especially romantic interest.


lexentry: eng/attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: СДВГ | синдро́м дефици́та внима́ния и гиперакти́вности
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) A developmental disorder in which a person has difficulty to concentrate and a persistent pattern of impulsiveness and inattention, with or without a component of hyperactivity.


lexentry: eng/attenuation__Noun__1
written_rep: attenuation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: аттенюа́ция | затуха́ние | ослабле́ние
sense_list:
(physics) A reduction in the level of some property with distance, especially the amplitude of a wave or the strength of a signal.


lexentry: eng/atter__Noun__1
written_rep: atter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гной
sense_list:
(archaic, or, UK, _, dialectal) poisonous bodily fluid, especially venom of a venomous animal, such as a snake, dragon or other reptile; corrupt or morbid matter from the body, such as pus from a sore or wound; bitter substance, such as bile


lexentry: eng/attestation__Noun__1
written_rep: attestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: засвиде́тельствование | подтвержде́ние
sense_list:
A thing that serves to bear witness, confirm, or authenticate; validation, verification, documentation.


lexentry: eng/attestation__Noun__1
written_rep: attestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: аттеста́ция
sense_list:
(business, finance) The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business information of a business, public agency, or other organization.


lexentry: eng/attic__Noun__1
written_rep: attic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: манса́рда | черда́к
sense_list:
The space, often unfinished and with sloped walls, directly below the roof in the uppermost part of a house or other building, generally used for storage or habitation.


lexentry: eng/attitudinize__Verb__1
written_rep: attitudinize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: играть
sense_list:
To give the appearance of, or make a show of, (something) by assuming an affected or exaggerated attitude.


lexentry: eng/atto-__Prefix__1
written_rep: atto-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атто-
sense_list:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10−18 (short scale quintillionth or long scale trillionth). Symbol: a


lexentry: eng/attorney__Noun__1
written_rep: attorney
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: пове́ренный | поверенный | представи́тель | представи́тельница
sense_list:
(obsolete, outside, set phrases) An agent or representative authorized to act on someone else's behalf.


lexentry: eng/attorney_general__Noun__1
written_rep: attorney general
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[мини́стр]] [[юстиция|юсти́ции]] | генера́льный прокуро́р
sense_list:
A major government officer throughout the English-speaking world, generally responsible for interpreting the law for the head of government and executive department and functioning as chief prosecutor, with the ability to bring civil and criminal actions directly.


lexentry: eng/attract__Verb__1
written_rep: attract
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: привле́чь | привлека́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To draw by moral, emotional or sexual influence; to engage or fix, as the mind, attention, etc.; to invite or allure. | (transitive) To incur.


lexentry: eng/attractive__Adjective__1
written_rep: attractive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: привлека́тельный | симпати́чный
sense_list:
Having the power of charming or alluring by agreeable qualities; enticing. | Pleasing or appealing to the senses, especially of a potential romantic partner.


lexentry: eng/attributive_adjective__Noun__1
written_rep: attributive adjective
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эпитет
sense_list:
(grammar) An adjective that modifies the head of the noun phrase in which it occurs; an adjective that precedes the word or phrase it modifies.


lexentry: eng/attributive_noun__Noun__1
written_rep: attributive noun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: атрибути́вное существи́тельное | определи́тельное существи́тельное
sense_list:
(grammar, when referring to a language other than English) A noun denoting bearer of a quality or an attribute of a subject, in reference to the lexical morpheme from which it is derived.


lexentry: eng/attrition__Noun__1
written_rep: attrition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: у́быль персона́ла
sense_list:
(human resources) A gradual, natural reduction in membership or personnel, as through injury, incapacitation, retirement, resignation, or death.


lexentry: eng/au_pair__Noun__1
written_rep: au pair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[помо́щница]] по [[хозяйство|хозя́йству]] | ня́ня | о-пе́р | о-пэ́р
sense_list:
A single girl (or, rarely, a boy), usually a foreigner, who helps a host family with childcare, housework, or both while staying as a guest with a host family, and generally receives a small allowance (or pocket money).


lexentry: eng/auctioneer__Noun__1
written_rep: auctioneer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аукциони́ст | аукциони́стка
sense_list:
An individual who conducts an auction on behalf of a vendor, accepting bids to find the best price for the vendor.


lexentry: eng/audacity__Noun__1
written_rep: audacity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бесстра́шие
sense_list:
Fearlessness, intrepidity or daring, especially with confident disregard for personal safety, conventional thought, or other restrictions.


lexentry: eng/audience__Noun__1
written_rep: audience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зритель | аудито́рия | пу́блика
sense_list:
A group of people within hearing; specifically, a large gathering of people listening to or watching a performance, speech, etc. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/audience_hall__Noun__1
written_rep: audience hall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: актовый зал
sense_list:
A room in which a ruler or religious official holds audience (i.e. a formal meeting with a dignitary).


lexentry: eng/audio_guide__Noun__1
written_rep: audio guide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аудиогид
sense_list:
Any of various forms of apparatus, either fixed or mobile, used to provide audio information at an exhibition, archeological site etc.


lexentry: eng/audiobook__Noun__1
written_rep: audiobook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аудио-кни́га | аудиобу́к | аудиокни́га
sense_list:
A recording, usually made available for sale, of a reading of the full text or of an abridgement of a book.


lexentry: eng/audiology__Noun__1
written_rep: audiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: аудиоло́гия
sense_list:
An allied health profession pertaining to the assessment and rehabilitation of hearing and balance disorders.


lexentry: eng/audit__Noun__1
written_rep: audit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ауди́т | инспе́кция | реви́зия
sense_list:
An independent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and operational procedures, and to recommend necessary changes in controls, policies, or procedures


lexentry: eng/augite__Noun__1
written_rep: augite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авги́т
sense_list:
(mineral) A variety of pyroxene, usually of a black or dark green color, occurring in igneous rocks, such as basalt.


lexentry: eng/augur__Noun__1
written_rep: augur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авгу́р | прорица́тель
sense_list:
A diviner who foretells events by the behaviour of birds or other animals, or by signs derived from celestial phenomena, or unusual occurrences.


lexentry: eng/augur__Verb__1
written_rep: augur
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предвеща́ть | предска́зывать
sense_list:
To foretell events; to exhibit signs of future events; to indicate a favorable or an unfavorable outcome.


lexentry: eng/augury__Noun__1
written_rep: augury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предзнаменование
sense_list:
A divination based on the appearance and behaviour of animals. | (by extension) An omen or prediction; a foreboding; a prophecy.


lexentry: eng/auklet__Noun__1
written_rep: auklet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коню́га
sense_list:
Any of several small seabirds in the genera Aethia, Cerorhinca and Ptychoramphus of the auk family Alcidae.


lexentry: eng/aunt__Noun__1
written_rep: aunt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: тётя
sense_list:
(affectionate) A woman of an older generation than oneself, especially a friend of one's parents, by means of fictive kin.


lexentry: eng/auricular__Adjective__1
written_rep: auricular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: слухово́й | ушно́й
sense_list:
(art, relational) Pertaining to a style of ornamental decoration, originating in Northern Europe in the first half of the 17th century, that uses softly flowing abstract shapes in relief some of which bear a resemblance to the human ear; commonly used in silverware, picture frames, and architecture.


lexentry: eng/aurora__Noun__1
written_rep: aurora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поля́рное сия́ние | се́верное сия́ние
sense_list:
An atmospheric phenomenon created by charged particles from the sun striking the upper atmosphere, creating coloured lights in the sky. It is usually named australis or borealis based on whether it is in the Southern or Northern Hemisphere respectively.


lexentry: eng/auscultation__Noun__1
written_rep: auscultation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аускульта́ция | выслу́шивание
sense_list:
(medicine) Diagnosis of disorders by listening to the sounds of the internal organs, usually using a stethoscope.


lexentry: eng/austerity__Noun__1
written_rep: austerity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сдерживающая фискальная политика
sense_list:
(economics) A policy of deficit-cutting, which by definition requires lower spending, higher taxes, or both.


lexentry: eng/autarky__Noun__1
written_rep: autarky
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: авта́рки́я
sense_list:
(uncountable) (A policy of) national economic self-sufficiency, aimed at ending reliance on foreign imports to sustain a domestic economy.


lexentry: eng/auteur__Noun__1
written_rep: auteur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авто́р
sense_list:
A creative artist, especially a film director, seen as having a specific, recognisable artistic vision, and who is seen as the single or preeminent ‘author’ of their works.


lexentry: eng/authenticity__Noun__1
written_rep: authenticity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аутенти́чность | достове́рность | по́длинность
sense_list:
The quality of being genuine or not corrupted from the original, of having the same origin (or attribution, commitment, intention, etc.) as claimed.


lexentry: eng/author__Noun__1
written_rep: author
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́втор | созда́тель | творе́ц
sense_list:
The originator or creator of a work, especially of a literary composition; or, one of the creators of a collaborative work.


lexentry: eng/authoritarian__Adjective__1
written_rep: authoritarian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авторита́рный | авторитарный
sense_list:
Of, or relating to, or exhibiting strict obedience to an authority; favoring authoritarianism over civic and individual liberties. | Demanding obedience to authority; marked by authoritarianism; dictatorial, tyrannical. | Tending to impose one's demands upon others as if one were an authority.


lexentry: eng/authoritarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: authoritarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авторитари́зм | авторитаризм
sense_list:
A form of government in which the governing body has absolute, or almost absolute, control. Typically this control is maintained by force, and little heed is paid to public opinion or the judicial system.


lexentry: eng/authority__Noun__1
written_rep: authority
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: власть | вла́сти | авторитет
sense_list:
(uncountable) Power or right to make or enforce rules or give orders; or a position having such power or right.


lexentry: eng/authorization__Noun__1
written_rep: authorization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: о́рдер | одобре́ние | полномо́чие | са́нкция
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being authorized to do something or to be somewhere; formally granted permission.


lexentry: eng/authorize__Verb__1
written_rep: authorize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уполномо́чивать | авторизо́вывать | авторизова́ть | одо́брить | одобря́ть | уполномо́чить
sense_list:
(transitive) To grant (someone) the permission or power necessary to do (something); to permit; to sanction or consent to.


lexentry: eng/autism__Noun__1
written_rep: autism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аути́зм | аутизм
sense_list:
(clinical psychology) A pervasive neurological condition that is observable in early childhood and persists throughout the lifespan, characterised by atypical communication, language development, eye contact, and sensory experiences. | (clinical psychology, obsolete) A diagnosis involving a pathological tendency to engage in self-centered fantasy thinking, historically considered a symptom of insanity and/or schizophrenia.


lexentry: eng/autism_spectrum_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: autism spectrum disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: расстро́йство аутисти́ческого спе́ктра
sense_list:
(psychology, pathology) A disorder involving any of a range of psychological conditions, all characterized by abnormal social interaction and communication, restricted interests, highly repetitive behaviour, and eccentricity.


lexentry: eng/auto_racing__Noun__1
written_rep: auto racing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автого́нки | автомоби́льные го́нки
sense_list:
(motor racing) Any of various sports in which automobiles (motor cars) are raced, either around a track, on roads or across country


lexentry: eng/auto_rickshaw__Noun__1
written_rep: auto rickshaw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автори́кша | мотори́кша
sense_list:
A motorized rickshaw of South, Southeast and East Asia, often available for hire in the manner of a taxi.


lexentry: eng/autocannon__Noun__1
written_rep: autocannon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автомати́ческая пу́шка
sense_list:
A fully automatic projectile weapon similar to a machine gun, but firing shells instead of bullets and larger in calibre.


lexentry: eng/autocephaly__Noun__1
written_rep: autocephaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автокефа́лия
sense_list:
(Christianity) The condition where a church's leaders have severed ties to a larger body and thus no longer report to a higher authority.


lexentry: eng/autochory__Noun__1
written_rep: autochory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автохо́рия
sense_list:
(ecology) Self-dispersal of seeds, the physical and often explosive discharge of seeds from the fruit.


lexentry: eng/autoclave__Noun__1
written_rep: autoclave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автокла́в | автоклав
sense_list:
A strong, pressurized, heated vessel, as for laboratory experiments, sterilization, cooking or mineral processing.


lexentry: eng/autocorrelation__Noun__1
written_rep: autocorrelation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автокорреляция
sense_list:
(statistics, signal processing) The cross-correlation of a signal with itself: the correlation between values of a signal in successive time periods.


lexentry: eng/autocratic__Adjective__1
written_rep: autocratic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автократи́ческий | самодержа́вный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to autocracy or to an autocrat; absolute; holding independent and arbitrary powers of government. | (pejorative) Of or pertaining to the manner of an autocrat.


lexentry: eng/autogamy__Noun__1
written_rep: autogamy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автога́мия
sense_list:
Self-fertilization, the fertilizing pollen being derived from the same blossom as the pistil acted upon.


lexentry: eng/autogiro__Noun__1
written_rep: autogiro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автожи́р
sense_list:
(aircraft) An aircraft in which lift is provided by unpowered rotating wings and thrust is provided by a conventional propeller.


lexentry: eng/autograph__Noun__1
written_rep: autograph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авто́граф | автограф
sense_list:
A person’s own handwriting, especially the signature of a famous or admired person. | (by extension, colloquial) A person's signature used as a mark of formal approval.


lexentry: eng/autogynephilia__Noun__1
written_rep: autogynephilia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аутогинефилия
sense_list:
In Ray Blanchard's transsexualism typology, the proposed paraphilic tendency of someone who is anatomically male to be sexually aroused by the thought of being a female, sometimes framed as a form of gender identity disorder or transvestic fetishism.


lexentry: eng/autoimmunity__Noun__1
written_rep: autoimmunity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аутоиммунность
sense_list:
(pathology, immunology) The condition where one's immune system attacks one's own tissues, i.e., an autoimmune disorder.


lexentry: eng/automagical__Adjective__1
written_rep: automagical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автомаги́ческий
sense_list:
(computing, technology, informal) Automatic, but with an apparent element of magic. Commonly referring to complex technical processes hidden from the view of users or operators, resulting in technology that "just works".


lexentry: eng/automated_machine_learning__Noun__1
written_rep: automated machine learning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автоматическое машинное обучение
sense_list:
(artificial intelligence) A field of study concerned with the design and development of algorithms and techniques of automating the end-to-end process of machine learning and artificial intelligence.


lexentry: eng/automated_teller_machine__Noun__1
written_rep: automated teller machine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банкома́т
sense_list:
(banking) A device that provides bank customers with cash withdrawal and other services without the need for a human teller.


lexentry: eng/automatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: automatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автомати́ческий | автоматический
sense_list:
Capable of operating without external control or intervention. | (of a firearm such as a machine gun) Firing continuously as long as the trigger is pressed until ammunition is exhausted.


lexentry: eng/automatic_transmission__Noun__1
written_rep: automatic transmission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: АКПП | автомати́ческая коро́бка переключе́ния переда́ч | автомати́ческая трансми́ссия
sense_list:
(automotive) A vehicle transmission which shifts gears automatically in response to vehicle speed and/or load, and does not require any driver input to manually change gears under normal driving conditions; an automatic gearbox.


lexentry: eng/automation__Noun__1
written_rep: automation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автоматиза́ция | автоматизация
sense_list:
The act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls.


lexentry: eng/automaton__Noun__1
written_rep: automaton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: автомат
sense_list:
A person who acts like a machine or robot, often defined as having a monotonous lifestyle and lacking in emotion.


lexentry: eng/automobile__Noun__1
written_rep: automobile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авто́ | автомаши́на | автомоби́ль | маши́на | мото́р | та́чка
sense_list:
(US, Canada, Philippines, AU, NZ) A type of motor vehicle designed to move on the ground under its own stored power and intended to carry a driver, a small number of additional passengers, and a very limited amount of other load. A car or motorcar.


lexentry: eng/automorphic__Adjective__1
written_rep: automorphic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автомо́рфный
sense_list:
(geology) Describing a mineral, in an igneous rock, that is bounded by its own crystal face; euhedral, idiomorphic. | (mathematics) Describing a number whose square ends in the number itself; circular. | (mathematics) Of or pertaining to automorphy or an automorphism.


lexentry: eng/autonomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: autonomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автономный
sense_list:
(neurology) Acting or occurring involuntarily, without conscious control. | (neuroanatomy, neurology) Pertaining to the autonomic nervous system.


lexentry: eng/autonomous__Adjective__1
written_rep: autonomous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: самостоя́тельный
sense_list:
Acting on one's own or independently; of a child, acting without being governed by parental or guardian rules.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_oblast__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous oblast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: АО́ | автоно́мная о́бласть
sense_list:
One of the administrative divisions of the former Soviet Union created for certain “smaller” nations and characterized by following features: they were given an autonomy within a union republic or, in the RSFSR, within a krai; had a status lower than an autonomous republic; had a different titular nation from that of their union republic/krai. Abbreviated as AO.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_okrug__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous okrug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автоно́мный о́круг
sense_list:
In the Soviet Union and Russia, a territorial and administrative division of a krai or oblast, which grants a degree of administrative autonomy to an ethnic minority, usually located in large, remote areas with sparse populations.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_sensory_meridian_response__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous sensory meridian response
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автономная сенсорная меридиональная реакция
sense_list:
A frisson characterized by a tingling sensation on the skin that typically begins on the scalp and moves down the back of the neck and upper spine.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беспилотный автомобиль
sense_list:
A vehicle that uses mechatronics, artificial intelligence and a multi-agent system to assist its human operator.


lexentry: eng/autopatrolled__Adjective__1
written_rep: autopatrolled
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автопатрулируемый
sense_list:
(wiki, originally, WMF) Having a status such that one's edits need not be checked, or patrolled, by other users.


lexentry: eng/autophagy__Noun__1
written_rep: autophagy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аутофа́гия | аутофагия
sense_list:
(cytology) The process of self-digestion by a cell through the action of enzymes originating within the same cell, and often a defensive or self-preservation measure.


lexentry: eng/autopilot__Noun__1
written_rep: autopilot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автопило́т
sense_list:
(aviation, nautical) A mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic system used to guide a vehicle without assistance from a human being.


lexentry: eng/autoplasty__Noun__1
written_rep: autoplasty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аблактирование
sense_list:
(medicine, surgery, dated) The process of artificially repairing lesions by taking a piece of healthy tissue, as from a neighboring part, to supply the deficiency caused by disease or wounds. In present-day contexts likelier to be called autotransplantation or autografting.


lexentry: eng/autotomy__Noun__1
written_rep: autotomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автотоми́я | аутотоми́я
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, zoology) The spontaneous removal of a limb, tail etc, especially by some invertebrates as a self-defense mechanism.


lexentry: eng/autotroph__Noun__1
written_rep: autotroph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автотроф
sense_list:
(ecology) Any organism that can synthesize its food from inorganic substances, using heat or light as a source of energy.


lexentry: eng/autumn__Noun__1
written_rep: autumn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́сень | осень
sense_list:
Traditionally the third of the four seasons, when deciduous trees lose their leaves; typically regarded as being from September 24 to December 22 in parts of the Northern Hemisphere, and the months of March, April and May in the Southern Hemisphere. | (fashion) A person with relatively dark hair and a warm skin tone, seen as best suited to certain colours in clothing.


lexentry: eng/autumnal_equinox__Noun__1
written_rep: autumnal equinox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: осе́ннее равноде́нствие
sense_list:
(astronomy) The moment when the sun appears to cross the celestial equator while tilting away from the observer, taking place in September in the northern hemisphere and March in the southern hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/auxiliary_cruiser__Noun__1
written_rep: auxiliary cruiser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вспомога́тельный кре́йсер
sense_list:
(military, nautical) An armed merchantman, typically used as a commerce raider or as a convoy escort.


lexentry: eng/auxiliary_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: auxiliary verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вспомога́тельный глаго́л | вспомогательный глагол
sense_list:
(grammar) A verb that accompanies the main verb in a clause in order to make distinctions in tense, mood, voice or aspect.


lexentry: eng/avail__Verb__1
written_rep: avail
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be of use or advantage; to answer or serve the purpose; to have strength, force, or efficacy sufficient to accomplish the object.

trans_list:
[[приноси́ть]] [[польза|по́льзу]] | быть [[полезный|поле́зным]] | воспо́льзоваться | испо́льзовать | помо́чь | помога́ть


lexentry: eng/avalanche__Noun__1
written_rep: avalanche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лави́на | лавина
sense_list:
A large mass or body of snow and ice sliding swiftly down a mountain side, or falling down a precipice.


lexentry: eng/avalanche__Noun__1
written_rep: avalanche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обва́л | лавина
sense_list:
(by extension) A sudden, great, or irresistible descent or influx; anything like an avalanche in suddenness and overwhelming quantity.


lexentry: eng/avaricious__Adjective__1
written_rep: avaricious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́лчный | жа́дный | корыстолюби́вый | скупо́й
sense_list:
Actuated by avarice; extremely greedy for wealth or material gain; immoderately desirous of accumulating property.


lexentry: eng/avatar__Noun__1
written_rep: avatar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: авата́р | авата́ра | воплоще́ние
sense_list:
(internet, video games) A complex and dynamic digital representation of a person or being in the form of a digital model, used online as a simulation or emulation of a person, or as a person's online alter ego, in a virtual world, virtual chat room, or metaverse.


lexentry: eng/avenge__Verb__1
written_rep: avenge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отомсти́ть | мсти́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To take vengeance (for); to exact satisfaction for by punishing the injuring party; to vindicate by inflicting pain or evil on a wrongdoer.


lexentry: eng/aventurine__Noun__1
written_rep: aventurine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: авантюри́н
sense_list:
(mineral, by extension) A variety of translucent quartz, spangled throughout with scales of yellow mica.


lexentry: eng/avenue__Noun__1
written_rep: avenue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: авеню́ | проспе́кт
sense_list:
The principal walk or approach to a house which is withdrawn from the road, especially, such approach bordered on each side by trees; any broad passageway thus bordered.


lexentry: eng/aver__Verb__1
written_rep: aver
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заявля́ть | утвержда́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner.


lexentry: eng/aversion_therapy__Noun__1
written_rep: aversion therapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аверси́вная терапи́я
sense_list:
A form of psychological treatment in which the patient is exposed to a stimulus while simultaneously being subjected to some form of discomfort.


lexentry: eng/aviary__Noun__1
written_rep: aviary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: волье́р | пти́чник
sense_list:
A house, enclosure, large cage, or other place for keeping birds confined; a birdhouse. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/aviator__Noun__1
written_rep: aviator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: летчик
sense_list:
An aircraft pilot, especially a military pilot. The use of the word may imply claims of superior airmanship, as in navy aviator vs. air force pilot.


lexentry: eng/avocation__Noun__1
written_rep: avocation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: развлече́ние
sense_list:
(obsolete) A calling away; a diversion. | That which calls one away from one's regular employment or vocation.


lexentry: eng/avocet__Noun__1
written_rep: avocet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шилоклю́вка | шилоклювка
sense_list:
Any of four species of wading birds in the genus Recurvirostra, of the family Recurvirostridae, with long, slender recurved bills, long legs, and webbed feet. It is the logo of the RSPB (Royal Society for the Protection of Birds)


lexentry: eng/avoidance__Noun__1
written_rep: avoidance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: избегание
sense_list:
(obsolete) The act of becoming vacant, or the state of being vacant, specifically used for the state of a benefice becoming void by the death, deprivation, or resignation of the incumbent.


lexentry: eng/avouch__Verb__1
written_rep: avouch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: деклари́ровать
sense_list:
To declare freely and openly; to assert. | To acknowledge deliberately; to admit; to confess; to sanction.


lexentry: eng/avow__Verb__1
written_rep: avow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: призна́ть | призна́ться | признава́ть | признава́ться | созна́ться | сознава́ться
sense_list:
(transitive) To declare openly and boldly, as something believed to be right; to own, acknowledge or confess frankly.


lexentry: eng/awaken__Verb__1
written_rep: awaken
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пробуди́ться | пробужда́ться | просну́ться | просыпа́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To stop sleeping; awake. | (transitive, figurative) To bring into action (something previously dormant); to stimulate.


lexentry: eng/awakening__Noun__1
written_rep: awakening
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пробужде́ние
sense_list:
(religion) A revival of religion, or more general attention to religious matters than usual. | (figurative) Being roused into action or activity. | The act of becoming aware of something.


lexentry: eng/award__Noun__1
written_rep: award
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: присужде́ние | реше́ние
sense_list:
(legal) A judgment, sentence, or final decision. Specifically: The decision of arbitrators in a case submitted.


lexentry: eng/award__Noun__1
written_rep: award
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: приз | награ́да | пре́мия
sense_list:
A trophy or medal; something that denotes an accomplishment, especially in a competition. A prize or honor based on merit.


lexentry: eng/awash__Adjective__1
written_rep: awash
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заливаемый
sense_list:
Washed by the waves or tide (of a rock or strip of shore, or of an anchor, etc., when flush with the surface of the water, so that the waves break over it); covered with water.


lexentry: eng/awayday__Noun__1
written_rep: awayday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: семинар
sense_list:
(British) A business event, such as a team-building exercise, training course or internal meeting, that takes place away from the office without the usual distractions.


lexentry: eng/awl__Noun__1
written_rep: awl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ши́ло | шило
sense_list:
A pointed instrument for piercing small holes, as in leather or wood; used by shoemakers, saddlers, cabinetmakers, etc. The blade is differently shaped and pointed for different uses, as in the brad awl, saddler's awl, shoemaker's awl, etc.


lexentry: eng/awning__Noun__1
written_rep: awning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тент | козырёк | марки́за | наве́с
sense_list:
A rooflike cover, usually of canvas, extended over or before any place as a shelter from the sun, rain, or wind.


lexentry: eng/ax_to_grind__Noun__1
written_rep: ax to grind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерес
sense_list:
(American spelling) A proposition or point of view to advocate, especially motivated by self-interest.


lexentry: eng/axe__Noun__1
written_rep: axe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: топо́р | колу́н | секи́ра
sense_list:
A tool for felling trees or chopping wood etc. consisting of a heavy head flattened to a blade on one side, and a handle attached to it.


lexentry: eng/axil__Noun__1
written_rep: axil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подмышка
sense_list:
(botany) The angle or point of divergence between the upper side of a branch, leaf, or petiole, and the stem or branch from which it springs.


lexentry: eng/axinite__Noun__1
written_rep: axinite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксинит
sense_list:
(mineral) A borosilicate of aluminum, iron, and lime, commonly found in glassy, brown crystals with acute edges.


lexentry: eng/axiology__Noun__1
written_rep: axiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксиология
sense_list:
(uncountable, philosophy) The study of value(s), as regards origin, nature, functions, types, and interrelations; value theory. | (countable) The particular value-theory of a philosopher, school of thought, etc.


lexentry: eng/axiom__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксио́ма | аксиома
sense_list:
(philosophy) A seemingly self-evident or necessary truth which is based on assumption; a principle or proposition which cannot actually be proved or disproved. | (logic, mathematics, proof theory) A fundamental assumption that serves as a basis for deduction of theorems; a postulate (sometimes distinguished from postulates as being universally applicable, whereas postulates are particular to a certain science or context).


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_choice__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom of choice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксиома выбора
sense_list:
(set theory) One of the axioms of set theory, equivalent to the statement that an arbitrary direct product of non-empty sets is non-empty; any version of said axiom, for example specifying the cardinality of the number of sets from which choices are made.


lexentry: eng/axion__Noun__1
written_rep: axion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксио́н
sense_list:
(physics) A hypothetical subatomic particle postulated to resolve certain symmetry problems concerning the strong nuclear force.


lexentry: eng/axis__Noun__1
written_rep: axis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ось
sense_list:
(geometry) An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry). | (mathematics) A fixed one-dimensional figure, such as a line or arc, with an origin and orientation and such that its points are in one-to-one correspondence with a set of numbers; an axis forms part of the basis of a space or is used to position and locate data in a graph (a coordinate axis)


lexentry: eng/axis_of_evil__Noun__1
written_rep: axis of evil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ось зла
sense_list:
A group of states accused by George W. Bush of sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction, originally defined as Iran, Iraq, and North Korea.


lexentry: eng/axle__Noun__2
written_rep: axle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ось
sense_list:
A transverse bar or shaft connecting the opposite wheels of a car or carriage; an axletree. | (geometry, astronomy, archaic) An axis.


lexentry: eng/axle_load__Noun__1
written_rep: axle load
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нагрузка на ось
sense_list:
(transport, rail) the total weight, including load carried, transferred by one axle and its wheels to a road or railway surface. This is especially important in relation to what weight road and railway structures can carry, bridges in particular.


lexentry: eng/axletree__Noun__1
written_rep: axletree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вал
sense_list:
A bar or beam of wood or iron, connecting the opposite wheels of a carriage, on the ends of which the wheels revolve.


lexentry: eng/axon__Noun__1
written_rep: axon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аксо́н | аксон
sense_list:
(cytology) A nerve fibre which is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, and which conducts nerve impulses away from the body of the cell to a synapse.


lexentry: eng/aye-aye__Noun__1
written_rep: aye-aye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ай-а́й | руконо́жка
sense_list:
The lemur Daubentonia madagascariensis, a solitary nocturnal quadruped found in Madagascar and remarkable for its long fingers, sharp nails, and rodent-like incisor teeth.


lexentry: eng/aye_aye,_sir__Phrase__1
written_rep: aye aye, sir
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: есть
sense_list:
(idiomatic, nautical) The correct and seamanlike reply, onboard a Royal Navy (or US Navy) ship, on receipt of an order from someone of senior rank or authority. It means "I understand the command and hasten to comply with the order."


lexentry: eng/ayin__Noun__1
written_rep: ayin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: айн
sense_list:
The sixteenth letter of many Semitic alphabets/abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).


lexentry: eng/azat__Noun__1
written_rep: azat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аза́т
sense_list:
A member of the middle and lower Armenian nobility, in contrast to the naxarars who were the great lords; from the Late Middle Ages, member of the entire body of the Armenian nobility.


lexentry: eng/azimuth__Noun__1
written_rep: azimuth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́зимут | азимут
sense_list:
An arc of the horizon intercepted between the meridian of the place and a vertical circle passing through the center of any object.


lexentry: eng/azure__Noun__1
written_rep: azure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лазу́рь | лазурный
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) The clear blue colour of the sky; also, a pigment or dye of this colour.


lexentry: eng/azurite__Noun__1
written_rep: azurite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: азури́т | азурит
sense_list:
(mineral) A blue vitreous mineral; a basic hydrated copper carbonate, with the chemical formula Cu2+3(CO3)2(OH)2, used since antiquity as a blue pigment or ores to extract metallic copper.


lexentry: eng/baba__Noun__1
written_rep: baba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бабушка
sense_list:
A kind of sponge cake soaked in rum-flavoured syrup. | (Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism) A holy man, a spiritual leader.


lexentry: eng/baba_ganoush__Noun__1
written_rep: baba ganoush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́ба гану́ш
sense_list:
A Middle Eastern dish made from a purée of roasted aubergine (eggplant), garlic, and tahini, often eaten as a dip with bread.


lexentry: eng/babbitt__Noun__1
written_rep: babbitt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́ббит
sense_list:
Ellipsis of babbitt metal, Babbitt metal (“a soft white alloy of variable composition (for example, nine parts of tin to one of copper, or fifty parts of tin to five of antimony and one of copper) used in bearings to diminish friction”).


lexentry: eng/babiroussa__Noun__1
written_rep: babiroussa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бабиру́сса
sense_list:
Any large hoglike quadruped, of the genus Babyrousa, found in the East Indies, sometimes domesticated, with its upper canine teeth or tusks large and recurved.


lexentry: eng/babirusa__Noun__1
written_rep: babirusa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бабиру́сса
sense_list:
Any of several mammals in the genus Babyrousa in the pig family Suidae, in which the upper tusk grows upward.


lexentry: eng/babka__Noun__1
written_rep: babka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́ба
sense_list:
A Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins; or with some single flavoring, e.g. chocolate, lemon, etc.


lexentry: eng/baboon__Noun__1
written_rep: baboon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бабуи́н | павиа́н
sense_list:
An Old World monkey of the genus Papio, having dog-like muzzles and large canine teeth, cheek pouches, a short tail, and naked callosities on the buttocks. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.] | (colloquial, derogatory) A foolish or boorish person.


lexentry: eng/babushka__Noun__1
written_rep: babushka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: косы́нка | плато́к | шаль
sense_list:
(Northern US) A traditional floral headscarf worn by an Eastern European woman, tied under the chin.


lexentry: eng/baby's_breath__Noun__1
written_rep: baby's breath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: качи́м мете́льчатый
sense_list:
A genus, Gypsophila, of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe, Asia and north Africa.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
written_rep: baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: младе́нец | ребёнок | бе́би | дитя́ | кро́шка | малы́ш
sense_list:
A very young human, particularly from birth to a couple of years old or until walking is fully mastered. | A very young human, even if not yet born.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
written_rep: baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: детёныш
sense_list:
Any very young animal, especially a vertebrate; many species have specific names for their babies, such as kittens for the babies of cats, puppies for the babies of dogs, and chicks for the babies of birds. See Category:Baby animals for more.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
written_rep: baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: бе́би | де́тка | кро́шка | малы́ш | малы́шка | пу́псик
sense_list:
A person's romantic partner; a term of endearment used to refer to or address one's girlfriend, boyfriend or spouse.


lexentry: eng/baby_boom__Noun__1
written_rep: baby boom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бэ́би-бу́м | демографи́ческий взрыв
sense_list:
(singulare tantum) The increase in the birth rate following the return of servicemen at the end of World War II.


lexentry: eng/baby_boomer__Noun__1
written_rep: baby boomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(sometimes, capitalized) A person born in the postwar years (generally considered in the United States and other Allied countries as between 1946 and the early 1960s), when there was a marked increase in birthrates throughout the Western world following the return of servicemen at the end of World War II.

trans_list:
[[челове́к]], [[родиться|роди́вшийся]] в [[пери́од]] [[демографический|демографи́ческого]] [[взрыв|взры́ва]] | бэ́би-бу́мер


lexentry: eng/baby_face__Noun__1
written_rep: baby face
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: де́тка | ку́колка
sense_list:
(often, derogatory) A person having such a face, especially a young man having a beardless appearance.


lexentry: eng/baby_monitor__Noun__1
written_rep: baby monitor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тский монито́р
sense_list:
An intercom system that enables a person to remotely detect sounds of distress from a baby; a baby alarm.


lexentry: eng/baby_powder__Noun__1
written_rep: baby powder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тская присы́пка | присы́пка
sense_list:
An astringent powder used for preventing diaper rash, as a deodorant, and for other cosmetic purposes.


lexentry: eng/baby_shower__Noun__1
written_rep: baby shower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[пра́здник]] для [[будущий|бу́дущей]] [[мама|ма́мы]] | бе́би-ша́уэр
sense_list:
A party celebrating the pending or recent birth of a child, involving guests giving gifts (typically babycare items) to the parent(s).


lexentry: eng/babysit__Verb__1
written_rep: babysit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ня́ньчиться
sense_list:
(transitive, informal) To watch or attend anything or anyone more closely than ought to be needed; to have to help or coax too much.


lexentry: eng/babysitter__Noun__1
written_rep: babysitter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бебиси́ттер | бэбиси́ттер | ня́ня | приходя́щая ня́ня
sense_list:
A person who cares for one or more babies or children for a short period of time in place of their legal guardians.


lexentry: eng/babysitting__Noun__1
written_rep: babysitting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бебиситтинг
sense_list:
The work of a babysitter; the care of children in the temporary absence of their parents or guardians.


lexentry: eng/baccalaureate__Noun__1
written_rep: baccalaureate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[выпускно́й]] [[экза́мен]]
sense_list:
A high school completion exam and qualification awarded in many countries (e.g. Finland, France, Moldova, Romania), designed to enable students to go on to higher education.


lexentry: eng/baccarat__Noun__1
written_rep: baccarat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баккара́
sense_list:
(card games) A card game resembling chemin de fer with many forms - usually entailing the player(s) betting against two or three hands dealt - also bearing some similarities to blackjack.


lexentry: eng/bachelor's_button__Noun__1
written_rep: bachelor's button
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: василёк синий
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) Any one of a number of plants with daisy-like, button-shaped flowers of the genus Centaurea, especially the species Centaurea cyanus.


lexentry: eng/bachelor_pad__Noun__1
written_rep: bachelor pad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гарсонье́рка | кварти́ра холостяка́
sense_list:
(US) A nice, well-furnished dwelling where an unmarried man lives, usually by himself, but sometimes with other men.


lexentry: eng/bachelor_party__Noun__1
written_rep: bachelor party
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мальчи́шник
sense_list:
(US, Canada, South Africa) A party held for a man who is about to be married, normally attended only by male friends and relatives.


lexentry: eng/bacillus__Noun__1
written_rep: bacillus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баци́лла | бацилла
sense_list:
Any of various rod-shaped, spore-forming aerobic bacteria in the genus Bacillus, some of which cause disease.


lexentry: eng/back-formation__Noun__1
written_rep: back-formation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обра́тное словообразова́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable, linguistics) The process by which a new word is formed from an older word by interpreting the former as a derivative of the latter, often by removing a morpheme (real or perceived) from the older word, such as the verb burgle, formed by removing -ar (perceived as an agent-noun suffix) from burglar.


lexentry: eng/back-seat_driver__Noun__1
written_rep: back-seat driver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: поме́ха спра́ва
sense_list:
A person sitting (typically) in the back seat of a car issuing (unsolicited and usually unwanted) instructions to the driver. | (figuratively) An opinionated person who offers (unsolicited and often unwanted) advice on the best way to handle a situation.


lexentry: eng/back-transliteration__Noun__1
written_rep: back-transliteration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[обра́тная]] [[транслитера́ция]]
sense_list:
(translation studies, uncountable) The process of transliterating a transliteration back into the original script.


lexentry: eng/back__Adjective__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: за́дний | ты́льный | хвостово́й
sense_list:
(comparable, phonetics) Pronounced with the highest part of the body of the tongue toward the back of the mouth, near the soft palate (most often describing a vowel).


lexentry: eng/back__Noun__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зад | спина́ | [[задний|за́дняя]] часть | спи́нка | спина
sense_list:
The rear of the body, especially the part between the neck and the end of the spine and opposite the chest and belly.


lexentry: eng/back__Verb__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: назад
sense_list:
(nautical, of the wind) To change direction contrary to the normal pattern; that is, to shift anticlockwise in the northern hemisphere, or clockwise in the southern hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/back_away__Verb__1
written_rep: back away
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отменить
sense_list:
(intransitive) To move in a direction opposite to that which one is facing, keeping one's attention on the thing in front being avoided.


lexentry: eng/back_cover__Noun__1
written_rep: back cover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корешо́к
sense_list:
The cover on the opposite side of the front cover of a book, magazine, etc; back of the book; associated with sports pages in publications.


lexentry: eng/back_down__Verb__1
written_rep: back down
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дать за́дний ход | пойти́ на попя́тный | пойти́ на усту́пки | спасовать
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To take a less aggressive position in a conflict than one previously has or has planned to.


lexentry: eng/back_end__Noun__1
written_rep: back end
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бэк-э́нд | прикладна́я часть
sense_list:
(computing) That part of a hardware or software system that is farthest from the user; the internals rather than the user interface.


lexentry: eng/back_end__Noun__1
written_rep: back end
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: по́здняя
sense_list:
(UK, _, dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) The latter end of any given time, especially the latter part of the year; autumn; late autumn.


lexentry: eng/back_fire__Noun__1
written_rep: back fire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: встре́чный пал
sense_list:
A small, controlled fire set in the path of a larger uncontrolled fire, in order to limit the spread of the large fire by removing its fuel.


lexentry: eng/back_in_the_day__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: back in the day
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в старину́
sense_list:
(temporal location, idiomatic, informal) In the distant past; especially, at a time fondly remembered (the good old days).


lexentry: eng/back_of_beyond__Noun__1
written_rep: back of beyond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: у чёрта на куличках | у чёрта на рогах
sense_list:
(chiefly, British, Irish, and, Australian, informal, with "the"; usually with "in", sometimes "at" or "to") A very remote place.


lexentry: eng/back_pay__Noun__1
written_rep: back pay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[заде́ржка]] [[зарплата|зарпла́ты]]
sense_list:
A withheld payment for work which has already been completed, or which could have been completed had the employee not been prevented from doing so.


lexentry: eng/back_street__Noun__1
written_rep: back street
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[глухой|глуха́я]] [[у́лица]] | задво́рки | закоу́лок
sense_list:
A usually small and narrow street or alley, especially one in inferior or poorer parts of a city, away from the centre.


lexentry: eng/back_to_the_drawing_board__Adverb__1
written_rep: back to the drawing board
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[нача́ть]] с [[нуль|нуля́]]
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Indicates that one must try a different strategy for achieving some goal following the failure of a recent attempt.


lexentry: eng/back_up__Verb__1
written_rep: back up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: де́лать бэкап | де́лать резе́рвное копи́рование | забэкапить
sense_list:
(idiomatic, intransitive, cricket) For a fielder to position himself behind the wicket (relative to a team-mate who is throwing the ball at the wicket) so as to stop the ball, and prevent overthrows.


lexentry: eng/back_vowel__Noun__1
written_rep: back vowel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гла́сный за́днего ря́да
sense_list:
(phonetics) Any vowel sound produced in the back of the mouth, such as /uː/ in rule or /əʊ/ in pole.


lexentry: eng/backbencher__Noun__1
written_rep: backbencher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[рядово́й]] член [[парламент|парла́мента]] | заднескаме́ечник | заднескаме́ечница
sense_list:
(politics) A Member of Parliament who does not have cabinet rank, and who therefore sits on one of the backbenches or in one of the back rows of the legislature.


lexentry: eng/backbend__Noun__1
written_rep: backbend
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[за́дний]] мост | мост
sense_list:
(gymnastics, dance) A move in which the performer bends backwards until the hands touch the floor or catches him/herself with the hands.


lexentry: eng/backbone__Noun__1
written_rep: backbone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: позвоно́чник | хребе́т
sense_list:
The series of vertebrae, separated by disks, that encloses and protects the spinal cord, and runs down the middle of the back in vertebrate animals.


lexentry: eng/backgammon__Noun__1
written_rep: backgammon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на́рды | триктра́к
sense_list:
A board game for two players in which each has 15 stones which move between 24 triangular points according to the roll of a pair of dice; the object is to move all of one's pieces around, and bear them off the board.


lexentry: eng/background_music__Noun__1
written_rep: background music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фо́новая му́зыка
sense_list:
Any music played in a public space whose main function is to create an atmosphere suitable to a specific occasion, rather than to be listened to. | (music) Any music in a film, video game, or other medium that establishes mood and is not meant to have the audience's focus.


lexentry: eng/backhand__Noun__1
written_rep: backhand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лацкан
sense_list:
(tennis) a stroke made across the chest from the off-hand side to the racquet hand side; a stroke during which the back of the hand faces the shot.


lexentry: eng/backheel__Noun__1
written_rep: backheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[уда́р]] [[пятка|пя́ткой]]
sense_list:
(soccer) A kick played by the heel which typically travels in the opposite direction from which the player is facing.


lexentry: eng/backhoe__Noun__1
written_rep: backhoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ковш
sense_list:
A piece of excavating equipment, either an integral subassembly or an attachment, consisting of a digging bucket or scoop on the end of an articulated arm, drawn backwards to move earth; used in excavator/digger and backhoe tractors.


lexentry: eng/backhoe__Noun__1
written_rep: backhoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: экскаватор
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) A multi-purpose tractor with a front-mounted loading bucket and a rear-mounted digging bucket. The tractor combines a front-end loader/loader (component) and an excavator/digger (component).


lexentry: eng/backlash__Noun__1
written_rep: backlash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: зазо́р | люфт | мёртвый ход | свобо́дный ход
sense_list:
(mechanics) The looseness through which one part of connected machinery, such as a wheel, gear, piston, or screw, can be moved without moving the connected parts, or a measurement of the distance moved thereby; either intentional (as allowance) or unintentional (from error or wear).Wagon wheel structure showing felk


lexentry: eng/backlog__Noun__1
written_rep: backlog
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: An accumulation or buildup, especially of unfilled orders, unconsumed products or unfinished work.
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list:
[[невыполненный|невы́полненные]] [[заказ|зака́зы]] | зава́л | задо́лженность | незавершённые [[задача|зада́чи]]


lexentry: eng/backpack__Noun__1
written_rep: backpack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рюкза́к | ра́нец
sense_list:
A knapsack, sometimes mounted on a light frame, but always supported by straps, worn on a person’s back for the purpose of carrying things, especially when hiking, or on a student's back when carrying books.


lexentry: eng/backpacker__Noun__1
written_rep: backpacker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бэкпэ́кер | [[пе́ший]] [[тури́ст]] | [[пеший|пе́шая]] [[тури́стка]]
sense_list:
A traveler whose luggage consists of a backpack; especially, such a traveler who uses hostels, public transport, and other inexpensive services.


lexentry: eng/backpedal__Verb__1
written_rep: backpedal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: отменить
sense_list:
(intransitive) To step backwards. | (intransitive, idiomatic) To distance oneself from an earlier claim or statement; back off from an idea.


lexentry: eng/backroom__Noun__1
written_rep: backroom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сза́ди
sense_list:
A room near the rear of a premises, especially one that is only accessible to a privileged few and can be used as an inconspicuous meeting place.


lexentry: eng/backscatter__Noun__1
written_rep: backscatter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обратное рассе́яние | рассе́яние наза́д
sense_list:
(physics) The deflection of particles or radiation through angles greater than 90 degrees to the original direction of travel.


lexentry: eng/backscatter__Noun__1
written_rep: backscatter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обратное рассе́яние
sense_list:
(military) A portion of the energy of electromagnetic radiation such as a laser or radio waves that is scattered back in the direction of the source of radiation by an obscurant.


lexentry: eng/backscratcher__Noun__1
written_rep: backscratcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[па́лка]] для [[чесание|чеса́ния]] [[спина|спины́]]
sense_list:
A long slender rod with a rake-like device on one end, sometimes in the form of a human hand, designed to let a person scratch their own back.


lexentry: eng/backstab__Verb__1
written_rep: backstab
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(transitive) To attack someone (especially verbally) unfairly in a deceitful, underhand, or treacherous manner, especially when they're not present in the place or situation that it happens.

trans_list:
[[напа́сть]] [[исподтишка́]] | [[напада́ть]] [[исподтишка́]] | [[уда́рить]] в [[спина|спи́ну]] | [[ударя́ть]] в [[спина|спи́ну]]


lexentry: eng/backstabber__Noun__1
written_rep: backstabber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: змея́ подколо́дная
sense_list:
A traitor or hypocrite, such as a co-worker or friend assumed trustworthy but who figuratively attacks when one's back is turned.


lexentry: eng/backstory__Noun__1
written_rep: backstory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предысто́рия
sense_list:
The previous experiences and life of a person, specifically (narratology, especially in, _, film, television) a character in a dramatic work.


lexentry: eng/backstory__Noun__1
written_rep: backstory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: леге́нда
sense_list:
(chiefly, espionage, law enforcement) A fictitious account of a person's history designed to conceal their actual history and motives.


lexentry: eng/backstroke__Noun__1
written_rep: backstroke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пла́вание на спине́
sense_list:
(swimming) A stroke swum lying on one's back, while rotating both arms through the water as to propel the swimmer backwards.


lexentry: eng/backup__Noun__1
written_rep: backup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бэка́п | резе́рвная ко́пия | резе́рвное копи́рование
sense_list:
(computing) A copy of a file or record, stored separately from the original, that can be used to recover the original if it is damaged or destroyed.


lexentry: eng/backwardation__Noun__1
written_rep: backwardation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бэквардейшн | бэквордация | бэкуордейшн
sense_list:
In full normal backwardation: the situation in a futures market where the price for future delivery of a commodity (the forward price) is lower than the price for immediate delivery (the spot price) or nearer delivery, generally arising from a near-term shortage of the commodity.


lexentry: eng/backwater__Noun__1
written_rep: backwater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: глушь | глуби́нка | засто́й | захолу́стье
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A remote place; somewhere that remains unaffected by new events, progresses, ideas, etc.


lexentry: eng/backwoods__Noun__1
written_rep: backwoods
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: глуби́нка | глушь | захолу́стье
sense_list:
A remote or sparsely inhabited region, especially in North America; away from big towns and from the influence of modern life.


lexentry: eng/backwoodsman__Noun__1
written_rep: backwoodsman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дикарь
sense_list:
A person who is acclimated to living in a forest area that is far removed from civilization or modern conveniences. | An uncivilized person.


lexentry: eng/bacteriology__Noun__1
written_rep: bacteriology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бактериоло́гия | бактериология
sense_list:
(biology, microbiology) The scientific study of bacteria, especially in relation to disease and agriculture.


lexentry: eng/bacteriostatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: bacteriostatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бактериостатический
sense_list:
Of or relating to bacteriostasis or a bacteriostat; inhibiting the growth of bacteria without destroying them.


lexentry: eng/bad_apple__Noun__1
written_rep: bad apple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: парши́вая овца́
sense_list:
(idiomatic, often, in the plural) A person who is not wholesome, honest, or trustworthy, especially one who has an adverse influence on others.


lexentry: eng/bad_breath__Noun__1
written_rep: bad breath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: галито́з | неприя́тный за́пах и́зо рта́
sense_list:
(medicine, dentistry, informal) Breath that produces an unpleasant or foul-smelling odor when exhaled.


lexentry: eng/bad_trip__Noun__1
written_rep: bad trip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бэд трип
sense_list:
(slang, drug use) An acute adverse psychological reaction to effects produced under the influence of psychoactive substances, namely hallucinogens.


lexentry: eng/badass__Adjective__1
written_rep: badass
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заеби́стый | кла́ссный | клёвый | круто́й | невъебе́нный | обалде́нный
sense_list:
(US, sometimes considered, _, vulgar, slang, positive connotation) Having an extreme appearance, attitude, or behavior that is considered admirable.


lexentry: eng/badass__Noun__1
written_rep: badass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: забия́ка | зади́ра | отморо́зок
sense_list:
(US, sometimes considered, vulgar, slang, negative connotation) A belligerent or mean person; a person with an unpleasantly extreme appearance, attitudes, or behavior.


lexentry: eng/badge__Noun__1
written_rep: badge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ([[нагру́дный]]) знак | бля́ха | значо́к | кока́рда | эмбле́ма
sense_list:
A distinctive mark, token, sign, emblem or cognizance, worn on one’s clothing, as an insignia of some rank, or of the membership of an organization. | Something characteristic; a mark; a token. | (heraldry) A distinctive mark worn by servants, retainers, and followers of royalty or nobility, who, being beneath the rank of gentlemen, have no right to armorial bearings.


lexentry: eng/badger__Noun__1
written_rep: badger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барсу́к | барсук
sense_list:
Any mammal of three subfamilies, which belong to the family Mustelidae: Melinae (Eurasian badgers), Mellivorinae (ratel or honey badger), and Taxideinae (American badger).


lexentry: eng/badminton__Noun__1
written_rep: badminton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бадминто́н | бадминтон
sense_list:
(uncountable) A racquet sport played indoors on a court by two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs of players (doubles), in which a shuttlecock is volleyed over a net and the competitions are presided by an umpire in British English and a referee in American English.


lexentry: eng/baffle__Noun__1
written_rep: baffle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дефле́ктор | перегоро́дка
sense_list:
A device used to dampen, muffle, restrain, or otherwise control the movement of a fluid, or waves travelling through a fluid such as light or sound; specifically, a surface positioned inside an open area to inhibit direct motion from one place to another without preventing motion altogether.


lexentry: eng/bag__Noun__1
written_rep: bag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: паке́т
sense_list:
A container made of leather, plastic, or other material, usually with a handle or handles, in which you carry personal items, or clothes or other things that you need for travelling. Includes shopping bags, schoolbags, suitcases, briefcases, handbags, backpacks, etc.


lexentry: eng/bagatelle__Noun__1
written_rep: bagatelle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: багате́ль
sense_list:
(literature, music) A short piece of literature or of instrumental music, typically light or playful in character.


lexentry: eng/baggage_carousel__Noun__1
written_rep: baggage carousel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[бага́жная]] [[ле́нта]]
sense_list:
A machine that delivers checked luggage to the passengers at the baggage claim area at their final destination. The luggage rotates in the carousel until it is picked up.


lexentry: eng/baggage_claim__Noun__1
written_rep: baggage claim
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́дача багажа́
sense_list:
(US) The designated location for receiving checked luggage, such as the baggage carousels at an airport.


lexentry: eng/bagpipes__Noun__1
written_rep: bagpipes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: волы́нка
sense_list:
A musical wind instrument possessing a flexible bag inflated by bellows, a double-reed melody pipe and up to four drone pipes; any aerophone that produces sound using air from a reservoir to vibrate enclosed reeds.


lexentry: eng/baiji__Noun__1
written_rep: baiji
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: байцзи́
sense_list:
A freshwater dolphin (†Lipotes vexillifer), only found in the Yangtze River, and declared functionally extinct in 2006.


lexentry: eng/baijiu__Noun__1
written_rep: baijiu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: байцзю́ | шаоцзю́
sense_list:
A clear Chinese distilled alcoholic beverage, generally distilled from sorghum and about 40–60% alcohol by volume.


lexentry: eng/bail__Noun__1
written_rep: bail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зало́г
sense_list:
(uncountable) Security, usually a sum of money, exchanged for the release of an arrested person as a guarantee of that person's appearance for trial.


lexentry: eng/bail_bond__Noun__1
written_rep: bail bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гарантия
sense_list:
(US) A surety, used to obtain the release of a criminal defendant who has been required to give bail.


lexentry: eng/bail_out__Verb__1
written_rep: bail out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: сва́ливать | свали́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic, slang) To leave (or not attend at all) a place or a situation, especially quickly or when the situation has become undesirable; to abandon (something).


lexentry: eng/bailiff__Noun__1
written_rep: bailiff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[суде́бный]] [[исполни́тель]] | [[суде́бный]] [[при́став]] | бе́йлиф | при́став-исполни́тель
sense_list:
(historical, Norman term) A reeve, (specifically) the chief officer executing the decisions of any English court in the period following the Norman Conquest or executing the decisions of lower courts in the late medieval and early modern period.


lexentry: eng/bain-marie__Noun__1
written_rep: bain-marie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водяна́я ба́ня
sense_list:
(cooking) A large pan containing hot water, into which other smaller pans are set in order to cook food slowly, or to keep food warm.


lexentry: eng/bait__Noun__1
written_rep: bait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прима́нка | нажи́вка
sense_list:
Any substance, especially food, used in catching fish, or other animals, by alluring them to a hook, snare, trap, or net.


lexentry: eng/bait_and_switch__Noun__1
written_rep: bait and switch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: замани́ть и подменить
sense_list:
An unscrupulous and sometimes illegal sales technique, in which an inexpensive product is advertised to attract prospective customers who are then told by sales personnel that the inexpensive product is unavailable or of poor quality and are instead urged to buy a more expensive product.


lexentry: eng/baize__Noun__1
written_rep: baize
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́йка
sense_list:
A thick, soft, usually woolen cloth resembling felt; often colored green and used for coverings on card tables, billiard and snooker tables, etc.


lexentry: eng/bake__Verb__1
written_rep: bake
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: печь | вы́печь | выпека́ть | испе́чь | обже́чь | обжига́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive, or, ditransitive, with person as subject) To cook (something) in an oven (for someone).


lexentry: eng/baked_good__Noun__1
written_rep: baked good
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́печка
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) An item or class of items with a flour as a main ingredient, prepared by baking.


lexentry: eng/bakfiets__Noun__1
written_rep: bakfiets
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Грузовые велосипед
sense_list:
(cycling, originally in the Netherlands) A bicycle or tricycle with a long wheelbase between the front wheel and handlebars holding a large box, originally used solely to transport goods but now also commonly for carrying young children.


lexentry: eng/baking_powder__Noun__1
written_rep: baking powder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пека́рный порошо́к | пекарский порошок
sense_list:
A dry leavening agent used in baking; a mixture of baking soda, an acid (often cream of tartar) and starch to keep it dry; when wetted, carbon dioxide is released.


lexentry: eng/baklava__Noun__1
written_rep: baklava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баклава́ | пахлава́
sense_list:
A sweet pastry found in many cuisines of the Middle East and the Balkans, made of chopped nuts layered with phyllo pastry. [since c. 1650; modern spelling since 1800s]


lexentry: eng/balaclava__Noun__1
written_rep: balaclava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[вя́заный]] шлем | балакла́ва
sense_list:
A type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool.


lexentry: eng/balalaika__Noun__1
written_rep: balalaika
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балала́йка | балалайка
sense_list:
A plucked stringed instrument with a triangular body, short neck and three strings, of Russian origin.


lexentry: eng/balance__Noun__1
written_rep: balance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гармо́ния
sense_list:
(uncountable) Mental equilibrium; mental health; calmness, a state of remaining clear-headed and unperturbed.


lexentry: eng/balance__Verb__1
written_rep: balance
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уравнове́сить | уравнове́шивать
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring (items) to an equipoise, as the scales of a balance by adjusting the weights. | (transitive, figurative) To make (concepts) agree.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_payments__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of payments
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: платёжный бала́нс | расчётный бала́нс
sense_list:
A measure of all flows of money into and out of a country including payments for goods and services and capital flows.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_power__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of power
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бала́нс сил | равнове́сие сил
sense_list:
(politics, government) A situation of equilibrium in which no country is powerful enough to control, or threaten the interests of, the others.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_trade__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of trade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: торго́вый бала́нс
sense_list:
(economics, trade) The difference between the monetary value of exports and imports in an economy over a certain period of time.


lexentry: eng/balance_sheet__Noun__1
written_rep: balance sheet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бала́нс
sense_list:
(accounting) A summary of a person's or organization's assets, liabilities and equity as of a specific date.


lexentry: eng/balance_wheel__Noun__1
written_rep: balance wheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пружи́на
sense_list:
The timekeeping device normally used in mechanical watches and small clocks, consisting of a wheel which oscillates due to a coiled spring.


lexentry: eng/balanced__Adjective__1
written_rep: balanced
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сбалансированный
sense_list:
Containing elements in appropriate proportion; proportionately weighted on all dimensions and therefore unlikely to tip over.


lexentry: eng/balcony__Noun__1
written_rep: balcony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балко́н | балкон
sense_list:
(architectural element) An accessible structure extending from a building, especially outside a window. | An accessible structure overlooking a stage or the like.


lexentry: eng/bald_cypress__Noun__1
written_rep: bald cypress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: боло́тный кипари́с
sense_list:
Taxodium distichum, deciduous conifer trees native to often-flooded areas of the southeastern and south central parts of the United States.


lexentry: eng/bald_eagle__Noun__1
written_rep: bald eagle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: белоголо́вый орла́н
sense_list:
Haliaeetus leucocephalus, a species of eagle native to North America and notable for the white plumage on its head.


lexentry: eng/baldric__Noun__1
written_rep: baldric
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бандальер | панталер | пе́ревязь
sense_list:
A broad belt, originally of leather and often richly ornamented, worn diagonally from shoulder to hip (across the breast and under the opposite arm), which was formerly used to hold a sword, a bugle, etc., and is now chiefly worn for ceremonial purposes; also (loosely) , any belt. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/baleen__Noun__1
written_rep: baleen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кито́вый ус
sense_list:
(physiology, uncountable) The keratinous material that makes up the plates in the mouth of the baleen whale, Mysticeti, which it uses to trap its food; formerly used in corsetry.


lexentry: eng/baleen_whale__Noun__1
written_rep: baleen whale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уса́тый кит
sense_list:
Any of several large whales, of the parvorder Mysticeti, that have plates of whalebone (baleen) instead of teeth.


lexentry: eng/balisong__Noun__1
written_rep: balisong
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бабочка
sense_list:
A folding pocket knife with two handles counter-rotating around the tang such that, when closed, the blade is concealed within grooves in the handles.


lexentry: eng/balk__Noun__1
written_rep: balk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ба́лка
sense_list:
Beam, crossbeam; squared timber; a tie beam of a house, stretching from wall to wall, especially when laid so as to form a loft, "the balks".


lexentry: eng/ball-and-socket_joint__Noun__1
written_rep: ball-and-socket joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коленная чашечка
sense_list:
A joint in which one segment has a rounded end and the next segment has a bowl-shaped end, with the rounded end being fitted into the bowl shape, allowing the first segment to move around an indefinite number of axes which have one common center. Examples include the human shoulder joint and the balljoints of some automotive suspensions.


lexentry: eng/ball__Noun__1
written_rep: ball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: шар | поду́шечка
sense_list:
(mathematics) The set of points in a metric space of any number of dimensions lying within a given distance (the radius) of a given point.


lexentry: eng/ball__Noun__1
written_rep: ball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: мяч | шар | мя́чик | ша́рик
sense_list:
(printing, historical) A leather-covered cushion, fastened to a handle called a ballstock; formerly used by printers for inking the form, then superseded by the roller.


lexentry: eng/ball_bearing__Noun__1
written_rep: ball bearing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: шарикоподши́пник
sense_list:
(loosely, often) An individual spherical ball, usually made of steel or other hard material, suitable for use in a ball-based rolling element bearing. In precise usage, each such ball is called a bearing ball or simply ball, and the entire bearing is called the ball bearing.


lexentry: eng/ball_boy__Noun__1
written_rep: ball boy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: болбо́й
sense_list:
(sports) A person, usually male, responsible for retrieving balls from the area of play, and returning them to the players.


lexentry: eng/ball_in_hand__Noun__1
written_rep: ball in hand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гандбол
sense_list:
In billiards, a circumstance in which a fault by another player, such as a scratch, permits the competitor to take the cue ball in hand and place it anywhere on the table.


lexentry: eng/ball_lightning__Noun__1
written_rep: ball lightning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шарова́я мо́лния
sense_list:
A short-lived glowing ball sometimes observed to float in the air and thought to consist of ionized gas associated with thunderstorms.


lexentry: eng/ballad__Noun__1
written_rep: ballad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балла́да | баллада
sense_list:
A kind of narrative poem, adapted for recitation or singing; especially, a sentimental or romantic poem in short stanzas.


lexentry: eng/ballast__Noun__1
written_rep: ballast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балла́ст | балласт
sense_list:
(nautical) Heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship (or in the gondola of a balloon), to provide stability.


lexentry: eng/ballerina__Noun__1
written_rep: ballerina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балери́на | балерина
sense_list:
(commonly) A female ballet dancer. | (less common, non-standard) A male ballet dancer; Synonym of ballerino


lexentry: eng/ballet__Noun__1
written_rep: ballet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бале́т | балет
sense_list:
(dances) A classical form of dance. | A theatrical presentation of such dancing, usually with music, sometimes in the form of a story.


lexentry: eng/ballista__Noun__1
written_rep: ballista
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балли́ста
sense_list:
(weaponry, historical) An ancient military engine, in the form of a crossbow, used for hurling large missiles.


lexentry: eng/ballistic_missile__Noun__1
written_rep: ballistic missile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баллисти́ческая раке́та
sense_list:
(military, rocketry) A missile that is initially guided, but then follows a ballistic (freely falling) trajectory.


lexentry: eng/ballistics__Noun__1
written_rep: ballistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балли́стика | баллистика
sense_list:
(physics) The science of objects that predominantly fly under the effects of gravity, momentum and atmospheric drag, and dealing with details of their behaviour at the origin and destination of their flight, as of bullets or missiles or rockets.


lexentry: eng/balloon_plant__Noun__1
written_rep: balloon plant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фона́рь
sense_list:
A flowering vine with large, hollow seedpod and round seeds featuring a heart-shaped mark; Cardiospermum halicacabum


lexentry: eng/ballot__Noun__1
written_rep: ballot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бюллете́нь | избира́тельный бюллете́нь
sense_list:
Originally, a small ball placed in a container to cast a vote; now, by extension, a piece of paper or card used for this purpose, or some other means used to signify a vote.


lexentry: eng/ballpoint_pen__Noun__1
written_rep: ballpoint pen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ру́чка | ша́риковая ру́чка
sense_list:
A pen, similar in size and shape to a pencil, having an internal chamber filled with a viscous, quick-drying ink that is dispensed at the tip during use by the rolling action of a metal sphere (around 0.7 mm to 1 mm in diameter).


lexentry: eng/balls__Noun__2
written_rep: balls
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: муде́ | яйцо
sense_list:
(uncountable, vulgar, colloquial) Masculinity, particularly strength, courage, and force of will; chutzpah; brazenness.


lexentry: eng/balm__Noun__1
written_rep: balm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мелисса
sense_list:
Any of various aromatic resins exuded from certain plants, especially trees of the genus Commiphora of Africa, Arabia and India and Myroxylon of South America.


lexentry: eng/balsamic__Adjective__1
written_rep: balsamic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бальзамический
sense_list:
Having the health-giving properties of balsam; soothing, restorative. | Having the pleasant odour of balsam; balmy, fragrant.


lexentry: eng/balsamic_vinegar__Noun__1
written_rep: balsamic vinegar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бальзами́ческий у́ксус
sense_list:
A dark, sweet vinegar, made from reduced white wine, that has been matured in wooden barrels, the resins of which contribute to its flavour; especially such a vinegar from Modena in Italy.


lexentry: eng/baluster__Noun__1
written_rep: baluster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баля́сина | балясина
sense_list:
(architecture) A short column used in a group to support a rail, as commonly found on the side of a stairway; a banister. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/balustrade__Noun__1
written_rep: balustrade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: балюстра́да | балюстрада
sense_list:
A row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an open parapet, as along the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, staircase, or the eaves of a building.


lexentry: eng/bamboo_shoot__Noun__1
written_rep: bamboo shoot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: побе́ги бамбу́ка
sense_list:
(chiefly, in the plural) The edible shoot of any of several species of bamboo (especially of the genera Dendrocalamus and Phyllostachys), cooked and eaten as a vegetable in Chinese and similar cuisine.


lexentry: eng/banal__Adjective__1
written_rep: banal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бана́льный | изби́тый | обыкнове́нный
sense_list:
Common in a boring way, to the point of being predictable; containing nothing new or fresh. | (uncommon, historical) Relating to a type of feudal jurisdiction or service.


lexentry: eng/banana__Noun__1
written_rep: banana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банан | бана́н
sense_list:
(North America, UK, Ireland) In particular, the sweet, yellow fruit of the Cavendish banana cultivar, which may be eaten raw, as distinct from e.g. a plantain for cooking. | An elongated curved tropical fruit of a banana plant, which grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin. [from 1597]


lexentry: eng/banana__Noun__1
written_rep: banana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бана́н | банан
sense_list:
The tropical tree-like plant which bears clusters of bananas, a plant of the genus Musa (but sometimes also including plants from Ensete), which has large, elongated leaves. [from 1697]


lexentry: eng/banana_peel__Noun__1
written_rep: banana peel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[банановый|бана́новая]] [[кожура́]]
sense_list:
(Canadian, US, Philippines) The several outermost layers of a banana, especially once removed from the rest of the banana, which may be slippery if stepped on. (This sense is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/banana_republic__Noun__1
written_rep: banana republic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бана́новая респу́блика | банановая республика
sense_list:
(politics, idiom, pejorative) A small country, especially one in Central America or the West Indies, that is dependent on a single export commodity (traditionally bananas) and that has a corrupt, dictatorial government.


lexentry: eng/banana_split__Noun__1
written_rep: banana split
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бана́новый сплит
sense_list:
A dessert or sundae containing a banana cut in half lengthwise (split), ice cream and various toppings which may include sauces, nuts or fruit.


lexentry: eng/bananaquit__Noun__1
written_rep: bananaquit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бана́новый певу́н | са́харная пти́ца
sense_list:
A nectar-feeding bird, Coereba flaveola, thought to be related to the Darwin's finches and the grassquits.


lexentry: eng/band-aid__Noun__1
written_rep: band-aid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лейкопла́стырь | пла́стырь
sense_list:
(Australia, North America, Philippines) An adhesive bandage, a small piece of fabric or plastic that may be stuck to the skin in order to temporarily cover a small wound.


lexentry: eng/band-aid__Noun__1
written_rep: band-aid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: запла́тка | косты́ль
sense_list:
(Australia, Canada, US, Philippines, informal) A temporary or makeshift solution to a problem, created ad hoc and often with a lack of foresight. [from 1968]


lexentry: eng/band__Noun__1
written_rep: band
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: диапазо́н | ле́нта | полоса́ | реме́нь
sense_list:
A continuous tablet, stripe, or series of ornaments, as of carved foliage, of colour, or of brickwork.


lexentry: eng/band__Noun__2
written_rep: band
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: анса́мбль | ба́нда | бэнд | гру́ппа | орке́стр
sense_list:
(Canada) A group of aboriginals that has official recognition as an organized unit by the federal government of Canada.


lexentry: eng/bandana__Noun__1
written_rep: bandana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банда́на
sense_list:
A large kerchief, usually colourful and used either as headgear or as a handkerchief, neckerchief, bikini, or sweatband.


lexentry: eng/banded_archerfish__Noun__1
written_rep: banded archerfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полоса́тый брызгу́н
sense_list:
An archerfish of species Toxotes jaculatrix, known for its ability to spit a jet of water to "shoot down" prey, found in coastal waters from India to the Philippines, Vanuatu, and Australia.


lexentry: eng/bandicoot__Noun__1
written_rep: bandicoot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бандику́т | су́мчатый барсу́к
sense_list:
Any of various small Australian marsupials with distinctive long snouts, of the family Peramelidae (with the exception of genus Macrotis, called bilbies).


lexentry: eng/bandoneon__Noun__1
written_rep: bandoneon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Бандонеон
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A small Latin American accordion played with buttons which is frequently used in tango ensembles.


lexentry: eng/bandura__Noun__1
written_rep: bandura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банду́ра | бандура
sense_list:
A Ukrainian plucked stringed instrument with a tear-shaped body, like an asymmetrical lute or a vertical zither, which is played with both hands while held upright on the lap.


lexentry: eng/bandwidth__Noun__1
written_rep: bandwidth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[пропускной|пропускна́я]] [[спосо́бность]] | [[ширина́]] [[полоса|полосы́]]
sense_list:
(networking, informal) The rate of data flow in digital networks typically measured in bits per second; the bitrate.


lexentry: eng/bang__Noun__1
written_rep: bang
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: чёлка
sense_list:
(US, archaic) : hair hanging over the forehead, especially a hairstyle with such hair cut straight across.


lexentry: eng/banger__Noun__1
written_rep: banger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: развалю́ха
sense_list:
(automotive, slang) An old, worn-out car. From a stereotypical one backfiring, making banging noises.


lexentry: eng/banjo__Noun__1
written_rep: banjo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нджо | банджо
sense_list:
A stringed musical instrument (chordophone), usually with a round body, a membrane-like soundboard and a fretted neck, played by plucking or strumming the strings.


lexentry: eng/bank__Noun__1
written_rep: bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: банк
sense_list:
(countable) A branch office of such an institution. | (gambling, countable) The sum of money etc. which the dealer or banker has as a fund from which to draw stakes and pay losses.


lexentry: eng/bank__Noun__1
written_rep: bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: банк | склад | храни́лище
sense_list:
(countable, mostly, in combination) A safe and guaranteed place of storage for and retrieval of important items or goods.


lexentry: eng/bank__Noun__2
written_rep: bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ба́нка | о́тмель
sense_list:
(nautical, hydrology) An elevation, or rising ground, under the sea; a shallow area of shifting sand, gravel, mud, and so forth (for example, a sandbank or mudbank).


lexentry: eng/bank_account__Noun__1
written_rep: bank account
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нковский счёт | банковский счёт
sense_list:
A fund, held by a bank in a contractual arrangement between the bank and the owner of the fund, a customer of the bank, into which they can deposit and from which they can withdraw money.


lexentry: eng/bank_card__Noun__1
written_rep: bank card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нковская ка́рта
sense_list:
(banking) A card issued by a bank, which may entitle the holder to a variety of services similar to that of a credit card or debit card, or allow withdrawal of cash from ATMs.


lexentry: eng/bank_cheque__Noun__1
written_rep: bank cheque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нковский чек
sense_list:
(banking) A cheque which is payable by a bank itself, as opposed to an ordinary cheque payable only out of the funds of a particular customer's account. A bank cheque is normally obtained by a bank customer (by paying its face value), the point is that the person receiving the cheque has the security of knowing it's payable by the bank and thus cannot bounce (not so long as the bank is solvent).


lexentry: eng/bank_holiday__Noun__1
written_rep: bank holiday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: празднество
sense_list:
(UK, Ireland) A weekday, often a Monday, on which most businesses are closed, and granted to workers as a national holiday.


lexentry: eng/bank_run__Noun__1
written_rep: bank run
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банковская паника
sense_list:
An event where many depositors of one or more banks withdraw money from their bank accounts within a short time, causing the banks concerned to become unstable.


lexentry: eng/bank_statement__Noun__1
written_rep: bank statement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нковская вы́писка | ба́нковский бала́нс | вы́писка по счёту
sense_list:
A communication from a bank to a person holding an account in that bank, usually issued monthly, detailing the value of the holdings in that account and the effects of all transactions occurring with respect to that account.


lexentry: eng/banker__Noun__1
written_rep: banker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банки́р | банки́рша | банкир
sense_list:
One who conducts the business of banking; one who, individually, or as a member of a company, keeps an establishment for the deposit or loan of money, or for traffic in money, bills of exchange, etc.


lexentry: eng/banking__Noun__1
written_rep: banking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: подта́лкивание
sense_list:
(rail) The practice of assisting a train up a steep incline (called a bank) with another locomotive at the rear.


lexentry: eng/bankruptcy__Noun__1
written_rep: bankruptcy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банкро́тство | несостоя́тельность | банкротство
sense_list:
(finance, law) A legally declared or recognized condition of insolvency of a person or organization.


lexentry: eng/banner__Noun__1
written_rep: banner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: флаг | стяг | зна́мя
sense_list:
A flag or standard used by a military commander, monarch or nation. | (by extension) The military unit under such a flag or standard.


lexentry: eng/banner__Noun__1
written_rep: banner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: плака́т | транспара́нт
sense_list:
A large piece of cloth with a slogan, motto, or emblem carried in a demonstration or other procession or suspended in some conspicuous place.


lexentry: eng/banner__Noun__1
written_rep: banner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: ба́ннер
sense_list:
(Internet, television) A type of advertisement on a web page or on television, usually taking the form of a graphic or animation above or alongside the content.


lexentry: eng/bannock__Noun__1
written_rep: bannock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: лепешка
sense_list:
(specifically) This or any similar traditional bread when made by indigenous Americans, originally from native sources such as maize or pseudocereals and plants with starchy roots


lexentry: eng/banshee__Noun__1
written_rep: banshee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́нши | ба́ньши | банши́ | баньши́
sense_list:
(Scotland, Ireland, , folklore) A female spirit, usually taking the form of a woman whose mournful wailing warns of an impending death.


lexentry: eng/bantustan__Noun__1
written_rep: bantustan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бантуста́н
sense_list:
(originally, _, South Africa, historical) Any of ten former territories defined as homelands for black South Africans under apartheid policy


lexentry: eng/banzai_charge__Noun__1
written_rep: banzai charge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банза́й-ата́ка
sense_list:
(historical, military) A human-wave suicide attack performed by Japanese soldiers during World War II.


lexentry: eng/baobab__Noun__1
written_rep: baobab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баоба́б | баобаб
sense_list:
A tree, Adansonia digitata, native to tropical Africa, having a broad swollen trunk and edible gourd-like hanging fruits.


lexentry: eng/baptism__Noun__1
written_rep: baptism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: креще́ние | бапти́зм
sense_list:
(Christianity) A Christian sacrament, by which one is received into a church and sometimes given a name, generally involving the candidate to be anointed with or submerged in water.


lexentry: eng/baptism_of_fire__Noun__1
written_rep: baptism of fire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: боево́е креще́ние
sense_list:
(figuratively, military) The first experience of a severe ordeal, especially a first experience of military combat


lexentry: eng/baptistry__Noun__1
written_rep: baptistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баптисте́рий
sense_list:
(Christianity) A designated space within a church, or a separate room or building associated with a church, where a baptismal font is located, and consequently, where the sacrament of Christian baptism (via aspersion or affusion) is performed.


lexentry: eng/baptize__Verb__1
written_rep: baptize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крести́ть | окрести́ть
sense_list:
(Christianity) To perform the sacrament of baptism by sprinkling or pouring water over someone or immersing them in water. | To dedicate or christen.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: брус | прут | сте́ржень
sense_list:
A solid, more or less rigid object of metal or wood with a uniform cross-section smaller than its length. | (countable, uncountable, metallurgy) A solid metal object with uniform (round, square, hexagonal, octagonal or rectangular) cross-section; in the US its smallest dimension is 1⁄4 inch or greater, a piece of thinner material being called a strip.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: бар | каба́к | корчма́ | паб | пивна́я | пивну́шка
sense_list:
(mathematics) The sign indicating that the characteristic of a logarithm is negative, conventionally placed above the digit(s) to show that it applies to the characteristic only and not to the mantissa.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: бар
sense_list:
A counter, or simply a cabinet, from which alcoholic drinks are served in a private house or a hotel room.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 21
trans_list: адвокатура | адвокату́ра | юриспруденция
sense_list:
(law, metonym, "the Bar", "the bar") Collectively, lawyers or the legal profession; specifically applied to barristers in some countries, but including all lawyers in others.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 23
trans_list: бар | ба́нка | каба́к | корчма́ | о́тмель | паб
sense_list:
(music) A vertical line across a musical staff dividing written music into sections, typically of equal durational value.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 30
trans_list: ба́нка | о́тмель
sense_list:
(geography, nautical, hydrology) A ridge or succession of ridges of sand or other substance; especially:


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 30
trans_list: поло́ска
sense_list:
A linear shoaling landform feature within a body of water; a formation extending across the mouth of a river or harbor or off a beach, and which may obstruct navigation. (FM 55-501).


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__2
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бар
sense_list:
A non-SI unit of pressure equal to 100,000 pascals, approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level.


lexentry: eng/bar_association__Noun__1
written_rep: bar association
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колле́гия заши́тников
sense_list:
An organization of lawyers which regulates their ability to practice law in a jurisdiction, and/or serves the interests of lawyers in that jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/bar_chart__Noun__1
written_rep: bar chart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cто́лбчатая диагра́мма
sense_list:
A graph in the form of boxes of different heights, with each box representing a different value or category of data, and the heights representing frequencies.


lexentry: eng/bar_shot__Noun__1
written_rep: bar shot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: книппель
sense_list:
(military, historical) A double-headed shot, consisting of a bar, with a ball or half ball at each end; formerly used for destroying the masts or rigging in naval combat.


lexentry: eng/bar_stool__Noun__1
written_rep: bar stool
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барный стул
sense_list:
A stool used for sitting, often taller than a chair and usually having a foot rest, commonly placed in bars and in front of kitchen counters.


lexentry: eng/bara_brith__Noun__1
written_rep: bara brith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бара брит
sense_list:
A Welsh yeast bread enriched with dried fruit; also, a Welsh fruitcake made with self-raising flour but no yeast.


lexentry: eng/barb__Noun__1
written_rep: barb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зубе́ц | колю́чка | шип
sense_list:
The point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc., to prevent it from being easily extracted. Hence: Anything which stands out with a sharp point obliquely or crosswise to something else.


lexentry: eng/barbarian__Noun__1
written_rep: barbarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ва́рвар | ва́рварка | дика́рка | дика́рь
sense_list:
An uncivilized or uncultured person, originally compared to the hellenistic Greco-Roman civilisation; usually associated with senseless violence and self-harm or other such shows of brute force and lack of mental faculty. | (derogatory) Someone from a developing country or backward culture.


lexentry: eng/barbarian__Noun__1
written_rep: barbarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ва́рвар
sense_list:
A brutish warrior depicted in sword and sorcery and other fantasy works; typically clad in primitive furs or leather and usually favoring physical strength over intelligence while often possessing a bellicose temperament and disdain for laws.


lexentry: eng/barbat__Noun__1
written_rep: barbat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барбет
sense_list:
(historical) An ancient Persian plucked lute with a pear-shaped body, a flat belly, an angled back near the pegbox, and a fretless neck.


lexentry: eng/barbecue__Noun__1
written_rep: barbecue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барбекю́ | гриль | шашлы́чница | барбекю́шница | ра́шпер
sense_list:
A fireplace or pit for grilling food, typically used outdoors and traditionally employing hot charcoal as the heating medium.


lexentry: eng/barbecue_sauce__Noun__1
written_rep: barbecue sauce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: со́ус для барбекью́
sense_list:
A fruity, tangy, usually brown sauce, typically consisting of a vinegar or tomato base with spices and sweeteners, used as a basting sauce, marinade, or condiment, especially for barbecued meat.


lexentry: eng/barbed_wire__Noun__1
written_rep: barbed wire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колю́чая про́волока | колючая проволока
sense_list:
Twisted strands of steel wire, often coated with zinc, having barbs evenly spaced along them; used to construct agricultural and military fences.


lexentry: eng/barbel__Noun__1
written_rep: barbel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: уса́ч
sense_list:
(biology) Whisker-like sensory organs, located around the mouth of certain fish, including catfish, carp, goatfish, sturgeon, and some types of shark.


lexentry: eng/barbell__Noun__1
written_rep: barbell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шта́нга
sense_list:
A wide steel bar with premeasured weights affixed to either end, with the central span open for the hands of the weightlifter.


lexentry: eng/barbell_pad__Noun__1
written_rep: barbell pad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: накла́дка | смягчи́тель
sense_list:
A soft envelope designed to surround a barbell bar and spread out the pressure point on the body (otherwise present at squats and hip thrusts).


lexentry: eng/barber_surgeon__Noun__1
written_rep: barber surgeon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цирюльник
sense_list:
(historical) A medical practitioner of medieval Europe, generally charged with looking after soldiers during or after a battle.


lexentry: eng/barbershop__Noun__1
written_rep: barbershop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барбершо́п | парикма́херская
sense_list:
(countable) The place of business of a barber; a store where a person (usually a male) can go to get a haircut.


lexentry: eng/barbet__Noun__1
written_rep: barbet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кузнец
sense_list:
Any of numerous arboreal birds of the families Capitonidae, Lybiidae, and Megalaimidae, within the order Piciformes.


lexentry: eng/barbiturate__Noun__1
written_rep: barbiturate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барбитура́т
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any salt or ester of barbituric acid. | (pharmaceutical drug) Any of derivatives of barbituric acid that act as depressants of the central nervous system and are used as sedatives or hypnotics.


lexentry: eng/barcarole__Noun__1
written_rep: barcarole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баркаро́ла
sense_list:
(music) A Venetian folk song traditionally sung by gondoliers, often in 6⁄8 or 12⁄8 time with alternating strong and weak beats imitating a rowing motion. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/barcode__Noun__1
written_rep: barcode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: штрихко́д
sense_list:
Any set of machine-readable parallel bars or concentric circles, varying in width, spacing, or height, encoding information according to a symbology.


lexentry: eng/bard__Noun__1
written_rep: bard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бард | а́втор-исполни́тель
sense_list:
A professional poet and singer, like among the ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in honor of the heroic achievements of princes and brave men.


lexentry: eng/bare-breasted__Adjective__1
written_rep: bare-breasted
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: с обнажённой гру́дью
sense_list:
(chiefly, of a woman) Having the breasts and nipples exposed, often implying a less salacious atmosphere than topless.


lexentry: eng/bare_one's_teeth__Verb__1
written_rep: bare one's teeth
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (idiom, by extension) To show aggression.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[оска́ливать]] [[зуб|зу́бы]] | [[оска́лить]] [[зуб|зу́бы]] | [[ска́лить]] [[зуб|зу́бы]] | оска́литься | ска́литься


lexentry: eng/barefaced__Adjective__1
written_rep: barefaced
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дерзкий
sense_list:
Undisguisedly offensive and bold; crude. | Open, undisguised. | Unbearded (not having a beard or other facial hair). | Unmasked (not wearing a mask) or not wearing a face covering.


lexentry: eng/barefoot_doctor__Noun__1
written_rep: barefoot doctor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: босоногий доктор
sense_list:
(historical) A farmer or rural resident with basic medical training who worked as a doctor in rural areas of the People's Republic of China from the mid-1960s until the 1980s, generally under a government-sponsored program.


lexentry: eng/bargain__Noun__1
written_rep: bargain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[това́р]], [[ку́пленный]] по дешёвке | сде́лка
sense_list:
An agreement between parties concerning the sale of property; or a contract by which one party binds themself to transfer the right to some property for a consideration, and the other party binds themself to receive the property and pay the consideration.


lexentry: eng/bargain__Verb__1
written_rep: bargain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заключа́ть сде́лку | заключи́ть сде́лку
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a bargain; to make a deal or contract for the exchange of property or services; to negotiate; to haggle.


lexentry: eng/barge__Noun__1
written_rep: barge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́ржа | ба́рка
sense_list:
A large flat-bottomed towed or self-propelled boat used mainly for river and canal transport of heavy goods or bulk cargo.


lexentry: eng/barge__Noun__1
written_rep: barge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ба́рка | барка́с
sense_list:
A large flat-bottomed coastal trading vessel having a large spritsail and jib-headed topsail, a fore staysail and a very small mizen, and having leeboards instead of a keel.


lexentry: eng/barge_in__Verb__1
written_rep: barge in
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: To intrude; to enter or interrupt suddenly and without invitation.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[встрева́ть]] в [[разгово́р]] | вме́шиваться | вмеша́ться | встрять в [[разгово́р]] | вто́ргнуться | вторга́ться


lexentry: eng/barium__Noun__1
written_rep: barium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́рий | барий
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Ba) with an atomic number of 56. It is a soft, reactive, silvery alkaline earth metal.


lexentry: eng/bark__Noun__3
written_rep: bark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: барк
sense_list:
(watercraft) A vessel, typically with three (or more) masts, with the foremasts (or fore- and mainmasts) square-rigged, and mizzenmast schooner-rigged.


lexentry: eng/bark__Verb__1
written_rep: bark
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ла́ять | га́вкать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs (said of animals, especially dogs). | (intransitive) To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries.


lexentry: eng/bark_up_the_wrong_tree__Verb__1
written_rep: bark up the wrong tree
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To take the wrong approach to a situation; to follow a false lead; to attempt to solve a problem using mistaken assumptions about its true nature.

trans_list:
[[напа́сть]] на [[ло́жный]] след | [[напада́ть]] на [[ло́жный]] след | не в ту степь поехать | не тем заниматься


lexentry: eng/barley__Noun__1
written_rep: barley
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ячме́нь | ячмень
sense_list:
A cereal of the species Hordeum vulgare, or its grains, often used as food or to make beer and other malted drinks.


lexentry: eng/barm__Noun__2
written_rep: barm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мох
sense_list:
Foam rising upon beer or other malt liquors when fermenting, used as leaven in brewing and making bread; yeast.


lexentry: eng/barn__Noun__1
written_rep: barn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амба́р | гумно́ | ови́н | сара́й
sense_list:
(agriculture) A building, often found on a farm, used for storage or keeping animals such as cattle.


lexentry: eng/barn_owl__Noun__1
written_rep: barn owl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сипу́ха обыкнове́нная
sense_list:
An owl of the species Tyto alba, often having a white face and commonly found in barns and other farm buildings.


lexentry: eng/barn_swallow__Noun__1
written_rep: barn swallow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дереве́нская ла́сточка | каса́тка
sense_list:
Hirundo rustica, the most widespread species of swallow in the world; a distinctive passerine bird with blue upperparts, a long, deeply forked tail and curved, pointed wings, is found in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.


lexentry: eng/barnacle__Noun__1
written_rep: barnacle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: морска́я у́точка | бала́нус | баля́нус | морско́й жёлудь | усоно́гий рак
sense_list:
A marine crustacean of the subclass Cirripedia that attaches itself to submerged surfaces such as tidal rocks or the bottoms of ships.


lexentry: eng/barnacle_goose__Noun__1
written_rep: barnacle goose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каза́рка белощёкая
sense_list:
A black and white species of bird within the family Anatidae from the northern hemisphere, Branta leucopsis.


lexentry: eng/baroque__Adjective__1
written_rep: baroque
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: барочный
sense_list:
Embellished with figures and forms such that every level of relief gives way to more details and contrasts.


lexentry: eng/barque__Noun__1
written_rep: barque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барк | па́русник
sense_list:
A sailing vessel of three or more masts, with all masts but the sternmost square-rigged, the sternmost being fore-and-aft-rigged


lexentry: eng/barrack__Noun__1
written_rep: barrack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бара́к | каза́рма
sense_list:
(military, chiefly, in the plural) A building for soldiers, especially within a garrison; originally referred to temporary huts, now usually to a permanent structure or set of buildings.


lexentry: eng/barracuda__Noun__1
written_rep: barracuda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барраку́да | морска́я щу́ка
sense_list:
Any large marine fish of the genus Sphyraena that have elongated bodies, a projecting lower jaw, displaying prominent fang-shaped teeth, and are aggressive predators.


lexentry: eng/barrage__Noun__1
written_rep: barrage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: да́мба | загражде́ние | плоти́на
sense_list:
An artificial obstruction, such as a dam, in a river designed to increase its depth or to divert its flow.


lexentry: eng/barrage__Noun__1
written_rep: barrage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: загради́тельный ого́нь | огнево́й вал
sense_list:
(military) A heavy curtain of artillery fire directed in front of one's own troops to screen and protect them. | A concentrated discharge of projectile weapons.


lexentry: eng/barramundi__Noun__1
written_rep: barramundi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барраму́нди
sense_list:
A diadromous fish of species Lates calcarifer, of the Centropomidae family, order Perciformes, widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific; a popular food fish.


lexentry: eng/barrator__Noun__1
written_rep: barrator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кля́узник | сутя́жник
sense_list:
One who is guilty of barratry, vexing others with frequent and often groundless lawsuits; a brangler and pettifogger.


lexentry: eng/barrel__Noun__1
written_rep: barrel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бо́чка | бочка
sense_list:
(countable) A round (cylindrical) vessel, such as a cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends (heads). Sometimes applied to a similar cylindrical container made of metal, usually called a drum.


lexentry: eng/barrel__Noun__1
written_rep: barrel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бочо́нок
sense_list:
Such a cask of a certain size, holding one-eighth of what a tun#Noun holds. (See a diagram comparing cask sizes.)


lexentry: eng/barrel__Noun__1
written_rep: barrel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ба́ррель
sense_list:
The quantity which constitutes a full barrel: the volume or weight this represents varies by local law and custom.


lexentry: eng/barrel_organ__Noun__1
written_rep: barrel organ
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шарма́нка | шарманка
sense_list:
A musical instrument in which air from a bellows is admitted to a set of pipes by means of pins inserted into a revolving barrel (typically turned by a crank), originating in France.


lexentry: eng/barrel_roll__Noun__1
written_rep: barrel roll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бо́чка
sense_list:
(aviation) An aerobatic flying maneuver in which the pilot causes the airplane to complete one loop in the same time that the airplane completes one roll, creating the appearance that the airplane is riding on the inside of a cylinder.


lexentry: eng/barren__Adjective__1
written_rep: barren
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беспло́дный | я́ловый
sense_list:
(of people and animals, not comparable) Not bearing children, childless; hence also unable to bear children, sterile.


lexentry: eng/barrister__Noun__1
written_rep: barrister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: адвока́т | ба́рристер
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand) A lawyer with the right to speak and argue as an advocate in higher lawcourts.


lexentry: eng/bartender__Noun__1
written_rep: bartender
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́рмен | барме́н | буфе́тчик | буфе́тчица
sense_list:
One who tends a bar or pub; a person preparing and serving drinks at a bar. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/barycenter__Noun__1
written_rep: barycenter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: центр тя́жести
sense_list:
(physics) The center of a mass; often specifically, the point at which the gravitational forces exerted by two objects are equal


lexentry: eng/baryon__Noun__1
written_rep: baryon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барио́н | барион
sense_list:
(particle) A heavy subatomic particle created by the binding of quarks by gluons; a hadron containing three quarks. Baryons have half-odd integral spin and are thus fermions. This category includes the common proton and neutron of the atomic nucleus.


lexentry: eng/bas-relief__Noun__1
written_rep: bas-relief
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барелье́ф
sense_list:
(sculpture) A low or mostly-flat sculpture which is carved into a wall, or is in the form of a tile mounted flat to a wall, rather than a fully three-dimensional, free-standing figure.


lexentry: eng/basal_metabolic_rate__Noun__1
written_rep: basal metabolic rate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Базовая ско́рость метаболизма
sense_list:
(physiology) The amount of energy expended while at rest in a neutrally temperate environment, in the post-absorptive state.


lexentry: eng/basalt__Noun__1
written_rep: basalt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: база́льт | базальт
sense_list:
(mineral) A hard mafic igneous rock of varied mineral content; volcanic in origin, which makes up much of the Earth's oceanic crust.


lexentry: eng/bascule_bridge__Noun__1
written_rep: bascule bridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подъёмный мост | разводно́й мост | раскрыва́ющийся мост
sense_list:
A movable bridge consisting of one or two opening leaves equipped with balancing and stabilizing counterweights that ease and speed up their operation.


lexentry: eng/base__Noun__1
written_rep: base
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: основа́ние | основание
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of a class of generally water-soluble compounds that turn red litmus blue and react with acids to form salts.


lexentry: eng/base__Noun__1
written_rep: base
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: ба́за
sense_list:
(baseball) One of the four places that a runner can stand without being subject to being tagged out when the ball is in play. | (biology, biochemistry) A nucleotide's nucleobase in the context of a DNA or RNA biopolymer. | (electronics) The name of the controlling terminal of a bipolar transistor (BJT).


lexentry: eng/base__Noun__1
written_rep: base
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 14
trans_list: осно́ва | основа́ние
sense_list:
(geometry) The lowest side of a triangle or other polygon, or the lowest face of a cone, pyramid or other polyhedron laid flat.


lexentry: eng/base_note__Noun__1
written_rep: base note
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дно
sense_list:
The heavily volatile and thus most-lasting parts of a perfume, often of ligneous, resinous or animalic nature.


lexentry: eng/base_pair__Noun__1
written_rep: base pair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: спа́ренные основа́ния
sense_list:
(biology) In molecular biology, two nucleotides on opposite complementary DNA or RNA strands that are connected with hydrogen bonds.


lexentry: eng/based__Adjective__2
written_rep: based
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́за
sense_list:
(slang, of a person) Not caring what others think about one's personality, style, or behavior; focused on maintaining individuality.


lexentry: eng/baseline__Noun__1
written_rep: baseline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: основа
sense_list:
(engineering) A configuration of software, hardware, or a process that is established and documented as a point of reference.


lexentry: eng/bash_up__Verb__1
written_rep: bash up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дуба́сить | изби́ть | избива́ть | колоти́ть | отдуба́сить | поколоти́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, informal) To assault someone with the intention of causing physical injury; to beat up.


lexentry: eng/bashlyk__Noun__1
written_rep: bashlyk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: башлы́к | башлык
sense_list:
A protective cone-shaped hood with lappets for wrapping around the neck, used especially by Turks and Cossacks.


lexentry: eng/basic_training__Noun__1
written_rep: basic training
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[уче́бный]] [[ла́герь]] | курс [[молодой|молодо́го]] [[боец|бойца́]]
sense_list:
(military) The standard training regime for introducing new recruits to the organization's discipline and basic operational skills.


lexentry: eng/basidium__Noun__1
written_rep: basidium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бази́дия
sense_list:
(mycology) A small structure, shaped like a club, found in the Basidiomycota division of fungi, that bears four spores at the tips of small projections. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/basilica__Noun__1
written_rep: basilica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бази́лика | базилика
sense_list:
(architecture) A Christian church building having a nave with a semicircular apse, side aisles, a narthex and a clerestory.


lexentry: eng/basilisk__Noun__1
written_rep: basilisk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: васили́ск | василиск
sense_list:
(heraldiccharge) A type of dragon used in heraldry. | Any of the tree-dwelling of lizard of the genus Basiliscus: the basilisk lizard.


lexentry: eng/basin__Noun__1
written_rep: basin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: бассе́йн | водоём | котлова́н | резервуа́р
sense_list:
(geography) A shallow depression in a rock formation, such as an area of down-folded rock that has accumulated a thick layer of sediments, or an area scooped out by water erosion.


lexentry: eng/basis__Noun__1
written_rep: basis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: ба́зис
sense_list:
(linear algebra) In a vector space, a linearly independent set of vectors spanning the whole vector space.


lexentry: eng/bask__Verb__1
written_rep: bask
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вкушать
sense_list:
(figurative) To take great pleasure or satisfaction; to feel warmth or happiness. (Usually followed by "in".)


lexentry: eng/basket__Noun__1
written_rep: basket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: корзи́на | корзина
sense_list:
(basketball) A circular hoop, from which a net is suspended, which is the goal through which the players try to throw the ball.


lexentry: eng/basket__Noun__1
written_rep: basket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: корзи́на
sense_list:
A dance movement in some line dances, where men put their arms round the women's lower backs, and the women put their arms over the men's shoulders, and the group (usually of four, any more is difficult) spins round, which should result in the women's feet leaving the ground.


lexentry: eng/basket_case__Noun__1
written_rep: basket case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: руина
sense_list:
An institution or country in a bad condition or difficult situation (economically, financially or otherwise). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/basket_case__Noun__1
written_rep: basket case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: брак
sense_list:
(colloquial, potentially, _, offensive) One made powerless or ineffective, as by nerves, panic, stress or exhaustion; someone considered mentally unstable. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/basking_shark__Noun__1
written_rep: basking shark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гига́нтская аку́ла | гигантская акула
sense_list:
A very large shark, Cetorhinus maximus, that feeds at or close to the surface by filtering plankton from the water and is found in all the world's temperate oceans.


lexentry: eng/bass__Noun__1
written_rep: bass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бас
sense_list:
A low spectrum of sound tones. | A section of a musical group that produces low-pitched sound, lower than the baritone and tenor. | One who sings in the bass range. | (musical instrument) An instrument that plays in the bass range, in particular a double bass, bass guitar, electric bass or bass synthesiser.


lexentry: eng/bass_clef__Noun__1
written_rep: bass clef
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: басовый ключ | ключ фа
sense_list:
(music) A symbol showing that the second line from the top of the staff represents the F below middle C.


lexentry: eng/bass_guitar__Noun__1
written_rep: bass guitar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бас | бас-гита́ра
sense_list:
A long-necked and solid-bodied stringed instrument (chordophone), tuned to produce bass or low notes, usually with a fretted fingerboard and four thick strings, and requiring the use of an amplifier.


lexentry: eng/bassoon__Noun__1
written_rep: bassoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фаго́т | фагот
sense_list:
A musical instrument in the woodwind family, having a double reed and playing in the tenor and bass ranges.


lexentry: eng/basswood__Noun__1
written_rep: basswood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: липа
sense_list:
(US) Any of several trees of the genus Tilia; the lindens, especially Tilia americana, the American basswood.


lexentry: eng/bastard__Noun__1
written_rep: bastard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ублю́док | байстрю́к | баста́рд | внебра́чный ребёнок | вы́блядок | незако́нный ребёнок
sense_list:
(dated) A person who was born out of wedlock, and hence often considered an illegitimate descendant.


lexentry: eng/bastard__Noun__1
written_rep: bastard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вы́родок | гад | гнида | мерза́вец | негодя́й | подо́нок
sense_list:
(vulgar,, _, , _, offensive, or, pejorative) A contemptible, inconsiderate, overly or arrogantly rude or spiteful person.


lexentry: eng/bastard_strangles__Noun__1
written_rep: bastard strangles
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мыт
sense_list:
(veterinary medicine) A form of strangles, a bacterial upper respiratory tract infection of horses potentially causing airway obstruction, that has spread to other parts of the body and caused abscesses.


lexentry: eng/baste__Verb__1
written_rep: baste
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: смета́ть | смётывать
sense_list:
To sew with long or loose stitches, as for temporary use, or in preparation for gathering the fabric.


lexentry: eng/bastide__Noun__1
written_rep: bastide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бастида
sense_list:
A mansion in Provence. | new town built in medieval Languedoc, Gascony and Aquitaine during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries


lexentry: eng/bastille__Noun__1
written_rep: bastille
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кре́пость
sense_list:
Chiefly in French contexts: a bastion or tower of a castle; also, a fortified tower or other building; or a small citadel or fortress.


lexentry: eng/bastion__Noun__1
written_rep: bastion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бастион
sense_list:
A well-fortified position; a stronghold or citadel. | (figuratively) A person, group, or thing, that strongly defends some principle.


lexentry: eng/bat__Noun__1
written_rep: bat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лету́чая мышь | нетопы́рь | би́та | бита́ | кожа́н
sense_list:
Any of the flying mammals of the order Chiroptera, usually small and nocturnal, insectivorous or frugivorous.


lexentry: eng/bat__Noun__2
written_rep: bat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лету́чая мышь | нетопы́рь | би́та | бита́ | кожа́н
sense_list:
A club made of wood or aluminium used for striking the ball in sports such as baseball, softball and cricket.


lexentry: eng/bat__Verb__1
written_rep: bat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: лету́чая мышь | нетопы́рь | би́та | бита́ | кожа́н
sense_list:
(intransitive) To take a turn at hitting a ball with a bat in sports like cricket, baseball and softball, as opposed to fielding.


lexentry: eng/batch__Noun__1
written_rep: batch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: па́ртия | паке́т | по́рция
sense_list:
A group or collection of things of the same kind, such as a batch of letters or the next batch of business.


lexentry: eng/batch_file__Noun__1
written_rep: batch file
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бэтч-файл | паке́тный файл
sense_list:
(computing, especially MS-DOS) A file containing a series of instructions to be carried out by the operating system.


lexentry: eng/bathe__Noun__1
written_rep: bathe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: купа́ние
sense_list:
(British, colloquial) The act of swimming or bathing, especially in the sea, a lake, or a river; a swimming bath.


lexentry: eng/bathing_hut__Noun__1
written_rep: bathing hut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
sense_list:
A small house on the beach, a shelter from the sun or wind, a place for changing into and out of swimming costumes and for the safe storing of some personal belongings.

trans_list:
[[каби́на]]/[[каби́нка]] для [[переодевание|переодева́ния]] | [[пля́жный]] [[до́мик]] | [[пляжный|пля́жная]] [[каби́нка]] | переодева́лка | раздева́лка


lexentry: eng/bathing_machine__Noun__1
written_rep: bathing machine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: купа́льная маши́на
sense_list:
(historical) Around the 19th century, a portable changing room that was rolled down a beach to the edge of the sea to allow people to paddle in the sea modestly.


lexentry: eng/bathrobe__Noun__1
written_rep: bathrobe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хала́т | [[купа́льный]] [[хала́т]] | пеньюа́р
sense_list:
A robe usually made of terrycloth intended to be worn when one is still damp from bathing or when there is no immediate need to dress fully.


lexentry: eng/bathroom__Noun__1
written_rep: bathroom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ва́нная | ва́нная ко́мната | ванная
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, South Africa, Canada, Philippines, Australia, euphemism) A lavatory (area where one washes or bathes): a room containing a toilet and (typically but not necessarily) a bathtub.


lexentry: eng/bathypelagic__Adjective__1
written_rep: bathypelagic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: батипелагический
sense_list:
(oceanography) Of or pertaining to the parts of the oceans at depths between 1000 and 4000 meters deep.


lexentry: eng/bathyscaphe__Noun__1
written_rep: bathyscaphe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: батиска́ф | батискаф
sense_list:
A self-propelled deep-sea diving submersible for exploring the ocean depths, consisting of a crew cabin similar to a bathysphere suspended below a float filled with a buoyant liquid such as petrol.


lexentry: eng/bathysphere__Noun__1
written_rep: bathysphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: батисфе́ра
sense_list:
A spherical steel deep-diving chamber with perspex windows, in which persons are lowered to the depths by a cable to study the oceans and deep-sea life; the precursor to the bathyscaphe


lexentry: eng/battalion__Noun__1
written_rep: battalion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: батальо́н | дивизио́н
sense_list:
(military) An army unit having two or more companies, etc. and a headquarters. Traditionally forming part of a regiment. | (US, military) an army unit having two or more companies, etc. and a headquarters; forming part of a brigade.


lexentry: eng/batten__Noun__1
written_rep: batten
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доска́ | дра́нка | ла́та | пла́нка | ре́йка | тёс
sense_list:
(carpentry, construction) A plank or strip of wood, or several of such strips arranged side by side, used in construction to hold members of a structure together, to provide a fixing point, to strengthen, or to prevent warping.


lexentry: eng/batten__Noun__1
written_rep: batten
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ла́та | ла́ты | ры́бина
sense_list:
(nautical) A long, narrow strip, originally of wood but now also of fibreglass, metal, etc., used for various purposes aboard a ship; especially one attached to a mast or spar for protection, one holding down the edge of a tarpaulin covering a hatch to prevent water from entering the hatch, one inserted in a pocket sewn on a sail to keep it flat, or one from which a hammock is suspended.


lexentry: eng/batten__Verb__1
written_rep: batten
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: отка́рмливать | откорми́ть | отъе́сться | отъеда́ться
sense_list:
To become better; to improve in condition; especially of animals, by feeding; to fatten up. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/batten__Verb__2
written_rep: batten
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: задраивать
sense_list:
(chiefly, nautical) Chiefly followed by down: to fasten or secure (a hatch, opening, etc.) using battens (noun sense 2.2).


lexentry: eng/batter__Noun__1
written_rep: batter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кляр | те́сто
sense_list:
(cooking, countable, uncountable) A beaten mixture of flour and liquid (usually egg and milk), used for baking (e.g. pancakes, cake, or Yorkshire pudding) or to coat food (e.g. fish) prior to frying.


lexentry: eng/battering_ram__Noun__1
written_rep: battering ram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: тара́н | со́кол | соко́л
sense_list:
A modern device, usually in the form of a metal bar with handles, chiefly used by police and firefighters to force open locked doors.


lexentry: eng/battery__Noun__1
written_rep: battery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аккумуля́тор | батаре́йка | батаре́я
sense_list:
(countable, electronics) A device used to power electric devices, consisting of a set of electrically connected electrochemical or, archaically, electrostatic cells. A single such cell when used by itself.


lexentry: eng/battery__Noun__1
written_rep: battery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: избие́ние | оскорбле́ние де́йствием | побо́и
sense_list:
(legal) The infliction of unlawful physical violence on a person, legally distinguished from assault, which includes the threat of impending violence.


lexentry: eng/battery_electric_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: battery electric vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: электромоби́ль
sense_list:
A type of electric#Adjective vehicle that uses chemical energy stored in rechargeable battery packs, usually and especially one whose powertrain is entirely electric.


lexentry: eng/batting__Noun__1
written_rep: batting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вати́н
sense_list:
(sewing) Cotton, wool, silk or synthetic material used to stuff the inside of a mattress, quilt etc.


lexentry: eng/battle__Noun__1
written_rep: battle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бой | би́тва | бата́лия | сраже́ние
sense_list:
(military) A general action, fight, or encounter, in which all the divisions of an army are or may be engaged; a combat, an engagement.


lexentry: eng/battle__Noun__1
written_rep: battle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: борьба́
sense_list:
(military, obsolete) The main body of an army, as distinct from the vanguard and rear; the battalia.


lexentry: eng/battle_axe__Noun__1
written_rep: battle axe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: секи́ра | боево́й топо́р
sense_list:
An ancient military weapon, an axe designed for combat, including (in, _, heraldiccharge) when borne on arms as a mark of prowess.


lexentry: eng/battlecruiser__Noun__1
written_rep: battlecruiser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лине́йный кре́йсер
sense_list:
(military, nautical) A fast warship with thicker armor and heavier guns than a typical cruiser, but with armor, armament, or both still inferior to that of a dreadnought battleship; designed to act as an advanced scout of the battle fleet and to destroy enemy cruisers. | (fiction) A warship of intermediate size and/or capability between a heavy cruiser and a (light) battleship.


lexentry: eng/battledore__Noun__1
written_rep: battledore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: валёк
sense_list:
(historical) A wooden paddle-shaped bat or beetle used to wash clothes by beating, stirring, or smoothing them.


lexentry: eng/battlement__Noun__1
written_rep: battlement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[стена́]] с бойницами
sense_list:
In fortification: an indented parapet, formed by a series of rising members called cops or merlons, separated by openings called crenelles or embrasures, the soldier sheltering himself behind the merlon while he fires through the embrasure or through a loophole in the battlement.


lexentry: eng/battleship__Noun__1
written_rep: battleship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бронено́сец | лине́йный кора́бль | линко́р | эска́дренный бронено́сец
sense_list:
(science fiction, by extension) A starship of comparable role | (military, nautical, archaic) A ship of the line.


lexentry: eng/battue__Noun__1
written_rep: battue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: облава
sense_list:
(uncountable, hunting, often, attributively) A form of hunting in which game is forced into the open by the beating of sticks on bushes, etc. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/baud__Noun__1
written_rep: baud
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бод
sense_list:
(computing, telecommunications) A unit of data transmission symbol rate; the number of signalling events per second.


lexentry: eng/bauxite__Noun__1
written_rep: bauxite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бокси́т | боксит
sense_list:
The principal ore of aluminium; a clay-like mineral, being a mixture of hydrated oxides and hydroxides.


lexentry: eng/bavarois__Noun__1
written_rep: bavarois
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сливки общества
sense_list:
A pudding similar to pastry cream but thickened with gelatin or isinglass instead of flour or cornstarch, and flavoured with liqueur.


lexentry: eng/bay__Noun__2
written_rep: bay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лавр | лавро́вое де́рево
sense_list:
Laurus nobilis, a tree or shrub of the family Lauraceae, having dark green leaves and berries. | Bay leaf, the leaf of this or certain other species of tree or shrub, used as a herb.


lexentry: eng/bay_willow__Noun__1
written_rep: bay willow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́ва пятитычи́нковая | черноло́з | чернота́л
sense_list:
A willow native to northern Europe and northern Asia, with leaves that resemble those of laurel (Salix pentandra).


lexentry: eng/bay_window__Noun__1
written_rep: bay window
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: э́ркер
sense_list:
(architecture) A window space projecting outward from the main walls of a building and forming a bay in a room.


lexentry: eng/bayonet__Noun__1
written_rep: bayonet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: штык | багине́т
sense_list:
(military) A pointed instrument of the dagger kind fitted on the muzzle of a musket or rifle, so as to give the soldier increased means of offence and defence. Originally, the bayonet was made with a handle, which needed to be fitted into the bore of the musket after the soldier had fired. | (engineering) A pin which plays in and out of holes made to receive it, and which thus serves to engage or disengage parts of the machinery.


lexentry: eng/be__Verb__1
written_rep: be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: быть
sense_list:
(auxiliary) Used with past participles of verbs to form the passive voice. | Used with past participles of certain intransitive verbs to form the perfect aspect. | (dynamic / lexical be, especially in progressive tenses, conjugated non-suppletively in the present tense, see usage notes) To exist or behave in a certain way. | (with a cardinal numeral) Used to state the age of a subject in years. | To remain undisturbed in a certain state or situation.


lexentry: eng/be__Verb__1
written_rep: be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: быть | существова́ть
sense_list:
(formal) Used with to-infinitives of verbs to express intent, obligation, appropriateness, or relative future occurrence. | (now, usually, literary) To exist; to have real existence, to be alive. | As an intransitive lexical verb:


lexentry: eng/be__Verb__1
written_rep: be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: быть | бу́дет | полу́читься | равно́ | равня́ться | соста́вить
sense_list:
(rare, and, regional, chiefly, in the past tense) Used to link two noun clauses, the first of which is a day of the week, recurring date, month, or other specific time (on which the event of the main clause took place), and the second of which is a period of time indicating how long ago that day was. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/be__Verb__1
written_rep: be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: быть | находиться
sense_list:
Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase. | Used to link a subject to a measurement.


lexentry: eng/be__Verb__1
written_rep: be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: быть | прийти́ | приходи́ть
sense_list:
(in perfect tenses) Elliptical form of "be here", "go to and return from" or similar, also extending to certain other senses of "go".


lexentry: eng/be_born_yesterday__Verb__1
written_rep: be born yesterday
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вчера́ роди́лся
sense_list:
(informal, stative, chiefly in the negative) To be new, naive, innocent, inexperienced, or easily deceived.


lexentry: eng/be_in_for__Verb__1
written_rep: be in for
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[име́ть]] в [[перспекти́ве]] | быть под [[угро́зой]] | ожида́ть | предви́деть
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To be able to expect or anticipate; to be about to suffer, generally said of something unpleasant.


lexentry: eng/be_wrong__Verb__1
written_rep: be wrong
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: быть [[неправый|непра́вым]] | ошиба́ться | ошиби́ться
sense_list:
To have an incorrect belief, to be mistaken about one's judgment or statement concerning something. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/beach_towel__Noun__1
written_rep: beach towel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пля́жное полоте́нце
sense_list:
A towel for use at the beach, typically larger than a normal household towel so that a person can use it to lie on the sand.


lexentry: eng/beachhead__Noun__1
written_rep: beachhead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плацда́рм
sense_list:
(military) An area of hostile territory (especially on a beach) that, when captured, serves for the continuous landing (or movement into position) of further troops and material


lexentry: eng/beacon__Noun__1
written_rep: beacon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ба́кен | мая́к
sense_list:
(nautical) A signal, buoy, post, or other conspicuous mark erected on an eminence near the shore, or moored in shoal water, as a guide to mariners, particularly to warn vessels of danger.


lexentry: eng/bead_tree__Noun__1
written_rep: bead tree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мелия
sense_list:
Melia azedarach, a deciduous or semi-evergreen tree with poisonous fruit, native to India, Southeast Asia, and northern Australia.


lexentry: eng/beaded_lizard__Noun__1
written_rep: beaded lizard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мексика́нский ядозб | скорпио́н | то́ла-хи́ни
sense_list:
Especially, a species of venomous lizard found principally in Mexico and southern Guatemala, Heloderma horridum.


lexentry: eng/beagle__Noun__1
written_rep: beagle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: го́нчая
sense_list:
A small short-legged smooth-coated scenthound, often tricolored and sometimes used for hunting hares. Its friendly disposition makes it suitable as a family pet.


lexentry: eng/beak__Noun__1
written_rep: beak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клюв
sense_list:
A rigid structure projecting from the front of a bird's face, used for pecking, grooming, foraging, carrying items, eating food, etc. | A similar pointed structure forming the nose and mouth of various animals, such as turtles, platypuses, whales, etc.


lexentry: eng/beaked_whale__Noun__1
written_rep: beaked whale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клюворы́лый кит
sense_list:
Any of at least 20 species of whales in the family Ziphiidae, known to dive to great depths, but not well understood generally.


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́лка | бревно́ | брус
sense_list:
(structural) Any large piece of timber or iron long in proportion to its thickness, and prepared for use. | (structural) One of the principal horizontal structural members, usually of steel, timber, or concrete, of a building.


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ба́лка | бимс | перекла́дина | тра́верз | шату́н
sense_list:
(nautical) One of the transverse members of a ship's frame on which the decks are laid, and acting as part of the support for keeping the sides of the vessel in shape — supported at the sides by knees in wooden ships and by stringers in steel ones; cf. abeam, beam-ends.


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ба́лка | гря́диль | перекла́дина | шату́н
sense_list:
(nautical) The maximum width of a vessel (note that a vessel with a beam of 15 foot can also be said to be 15 foot abeam).


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: гря́диль
sense_list:
(agricultural) The central bar of a plow, to which the handles and colter are secured, and to the end of which are attached the oxen or horses that draw it.


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: луч
sense_list:
(physics) A ray or collection of approximately parallel rays emitted from the sun or other luminous body. | (figuratively) A ray; a gleam.


lexentry: eng/bean__Noun__1
written_rep: bean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: боб | фасо́ль
sense_list:
Any plant of several genera of the taxonomic family Fabaceae that produces large edible seeds or edible seedpods.


lexentry: eng/bean__Noun__1
written_rep: bean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: боб | зерно́ | стручо́к
sense_list:
(by extension) The bean-like seed of certain other plants, such as a vanilla bean or (especially) a coffee bean.


lexentry: eng/bean_counter__Noun__1
written_rep: bean counter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крохоборка
sense_list:
(idiomatic, mildly, derogatory) A person who is excessively interested in controlling or reducing expenses, increasing profits, or in quantitative details in general. The term is often used to imply the person is a pedant and incapable of seeing other things or the bigger picture (more general things), but it is also widely used as a mildly derogatory term and even facetious synonym for accountants, CEOs, CFOs, business and government officials responsible for financial decisions, etc.


lexentry: eng/beanbag__Noun__1
written_rep: beanbag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бинбэ́г | кре́сло-мешо́к | кре́сло-пуф
sense_list:
A piece of soft furniture consisting of a leather or vinyl covering stuffed with dry beans or other similar pellets.


lexentry: eng/bear__Noun__1
written_rep: bear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медведь | медве́дица | медве́дь | медвежо́нок | ми́шка
sense_list:
A large, generally omnivorous mammal (a few species are purely carnivorous or herbivorous), related to the dog and raccoon, having shaggy hair, a very small tail, and flat feet; a member of the family Ursidae.


lexentry: eng/bear__Noun__1
written_rep: bear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: медве́дь
sense_list:
(finance) An investor who sells commodities, securities, or futures in anticipation of a fall in prices. [1744]


lexentry: eng/bear__Verb__2
written_rep: bear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: напра́виться | направля́ться
sense_list:
(transitive) To display (a particular heraldic device) on a shield or coat of arms; to be entitled to wear or use (a heraldic device) as a coat of arms. [1400]


lexentry: eng/bear__Verb__2
written_rep: bear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поддерживать | роди́ть | рожда́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To give (written or oral testimony or evidence); (figurative) to provide or constitute (evidence or proof), give witness.


lexentry: eng/bear__Verb__2
written_rep: bear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: поддерживать
sense_list:
(transitive) To admit or be capable of (a meaning); to suffer or sustain without violence, injury, or change. | (transitive) To support or sustain; to hold up.


lexentry: eng/bear_in_mind__Verb__1
written_rep: bear in mind
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: име́ть в виду́ | по́мнить
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic) To hold (something) in the memory; to remember; also, to be mindful of or pay attention to (something); to consider; to note.


lexentry: eng/bear_market__Noun__1
written_rep: bear market
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медве́жий ры́нок
sense_list:
(finance) A stock market where a majority of investors are selling ("bears"), causing overall stock prices to drop.


lexentry: eng/bearberry__Noun__1
written_rep: bearberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: толокня́нка
sense_list:
Any of four dwarf shrubs of formerly all members of the genus Arctostaphylos, three now assigned to genus Arctous, which principally grow in arctic and subarctic regions and bear edible berries. | common bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi).


lexentry: eng/beard__Noun__1
written_rep: beard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: борода́ | ча́йка
sense_list:
(LGBT) A woman who accompanies a gay man, or a man who accompanies a lesbian, in order to give the impression that the person being accompanied is heterosexual.


lexentry: eng/beard__Verb__1
written_rep: beard
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: смело [[выступа́ть]] против
sense_list:
(transitive) To boldly and bravely oppose or confront, often to the chagrin of the one being bearded.


lexentry: eng/bearded_seal__Noun__1
written_rep: bearded seal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лахта́к | морско́й за́яц
sense_list:
Erignathus barbatus, an earless seal with conspicuous whiskers, found in and around the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/bearded_tit__Noun__1
written_rep: bearded tit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уса́тая сини́ца
sense_list:
A small passerine bird, Panurus biarmicus, of the family Timaliidae, or possibly the monotypic family Panuridae.


lexentry: eng/bearing__Noun__1
written_rep: bearing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пе́ленг
sense_list:
(navigation, nautical) The horizontal angle between the direction of an object and another object, or between it and that of true north; a heading or direction.


lexentry: eng/beast_of_burden__Noun__1
written_rep: beast of burden
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вью́чное живо́тное | вьючное животное
sense_list:
A draft animal, a pack animal such as a donkey, mule, llama, camel, horse, or ox, that carries or pulls a load for the benefit of a human.


lexentry: eng/beat__Verb__1
written_rep: beat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: бить | лави́ровать | победи́ть | побежда́ть | поби́ть | уда́рить
sense_list:
(transitive) To win against; to defeat or overcome; to do or be better than (someone); to excel in a particular, competitive event.


lexentry: eng/beater__Noun__1
written_rep: beater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: заго́нщик
sense_list:
A person who drives game towards shooters in a hunting party, typically working in a group with other beaters.


lexentry: eng/beatification__Noun__1
written_rep: beatification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беатификация
sense_list:
The act of beatifying, or the state of being beatified; especially, in the Roman Catholic Church, the act or process of ascertaining and declaring that a deceased person is one of "the blessed," or has attained the second degree of sanctity, — usually a stage in the process of canonization.


lexentry: eng/beautiful_fruit_dove__Noun__1
written_rep: beautiful fruit dove
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: малиновоша́почный пёстрый го́лубь
sense_list:
A frugivorous dove of the species Ptilinopus pulchellus, also known as the rose-fronted pigeon or crimson-capped fruit dove (leading to easy confusion with the crimson-crowned fruit dove): small, approximately 19 cm (7½ in) long, mainly green fruit dove.


lexentry: eng/beauty__Noun__1
written_rep: beauty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: краса́ | красота́ | лепота́ | пре́лесть | красота
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being (especially visually) attractive, pleasing, fine or good-looking; comeliness.


lexentry: eng/beauty__Noun__1
written_rep: beauty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кра́ля | краса́вец | краса́вица | краса́вчик | красо́тка
sense_list:
Someone who is beautiful. | (in the plural) Those aspects or elements that make someone or something beautiful.


lexentry: eng/beauty_pageant__Noun__1
written_rep: beauty pageant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́нкурс красоты́
sense_list:
A competition in which participants compete for a determination that one is the most physically attractive.


lexentry: eng/beaver__Noun__4
written_rep: beaver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: мохнатка
sense_list:
(chiefly, North American) The pubic hair near a vulva or a vulva itself; (attributively) denoting films or literature featuring nude women.


lexentry: eng/bebop__Noun__1
written_rep: bebop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бибо́п
sense_list:
(music genre) An early form of modern jazz played by small groups and featuring driving rhythms and complex, often dissonant harmonies.


lexentry: eng/because__Interjection__1
written_rep: because
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потому́ что
sense_list:
Used alone to refuse to provide a full answer a question begun with "why", usually taken as an anapodoton of the elided full phrase "Because I said so".


lexentry: eng/becket__Noun__1
written_rep: becket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: петля
sense_list:
(nautical) A short piece of rope spliced to form a circle | (nautical) A loop of rope with a knot at one end to catch in an eye at the other end. Used to secure oars etc. at their place.


lexentry: eng/becquerel__Noun__1
written_rep: becquerel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беккере́ль | беккерель
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of radioactive activity; the activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per second. Symbol: Bq


lexentry: eng/bed-hopper__Noun__1
written_rep: bed-hopper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бляду́н | блядь | жеребе́ц | кобе́ль | потаску́н | потаску́ха
sense_list:
(informal) Agent noun of bed-hop: one who bed-hops; a person who is promiscuous or has multiple sexual partners.


lexentry: eng/bed__Noun__1
written_rep: bed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крова́ть | кровать | ко́йка | ло́же | посте́ль
sense_list:
A piece of furniture, usually flat and soft, on which to rest or sleep. | A shaped piece of timber to hold a cask clear of a ship’s floor; a pallet.


lexentry: eng/bed__Noun__1
written_rep: bed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: посте́ль | кровать
sense_list:
A prepared spot in which to spend the night. | A place, or flat surface or layer, on which something else rests or is laid.


lexentry: eng/bed__Noun__1
written_rep: bed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[пло́щадь]] [[ку́зов]]а | [[погрузочный|погру́зочная]] [[пло́щадь]]
sense_list:
The platform of a truck, trailer, wagon, railcar, or other vehicle that supports the load to be hauled.


lexentry: eng/bed__Noun__1
written_rep: bed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ба́нка
sense_list:
An area where a large number of oysters, mussels, other sessile shellfish, or a large amount of seaweed is found.


lexentry: eng/bed_and_breakfast__Noun__1
written_rep: bed and breakfast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: «[[крова́ть]] и [[за́втрак]]»
sense_list:
A private home, guesthouse, small hotel etc. where guests are provided overnight accommodations and served breakfast but usually no other meals.


lexentry: eng/bed_urinal__Noun__1
written_rep: bed urinal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ночной горшок
sense_list:
A sealable plastic bottle into which a patient urinates when using a bathroom is inconvenient or impossible; often but not always with a long neck reminiscent of a duck.


lexentry: eng/bedabble__Verb__1
written_rep: bedabble
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бры́згать | забры́згать | забры́згивать
sense_list:
To dabble about or all over with moisture; make something wet by sprinkling or spattering water, paint, or other liquid on it.


lexentry: eng/bedbug__Noun__1
written_rep: bedbug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клоп | посте́льный клоп
sense_list:
A small nocturnal insect pest of humans, of species Cimex lectularius (common bedbug) and Cimex hemipterus (tropical bedbug) that feeds on the blood of humans during sleep.


lexentry: eng/bedding__Noun__1
written_rep: bedding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: напластова́ние
sense_list:
(geology) A structure occurring in granite and similar massive rocks that allows them to split in well-defined planes horizontally or parallel to the land surface.


lexentry: eng/bedpan__Noun__1
written_rep: bedpan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: су́дно | у́тка
sense_list:
A pan used for urination and defecation while in bed, now usually for reasons of medical necessity or convenience.


lexentry: eng/bedrock__Noun__1
written_rep: bedrock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бе́дрок | бедро́к | коренна́я подстила́ющая поро́да | коренна́я поро́да
sense_list:
(uncountable, geology, mining, engineering, construction) The solid rock found at some depth below the ground surface.


lexentry: eng/bedroom_community__Noun__1
written_rep: bedroom community
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: спа́льный райо́н
sense_list:
(urban studies) A suburban, exurban, or urban community that is primarily or exclusively residential, as due to zoning, from which most of the workforce commutes out to earn their livelihood; often a suburb of a nearby metropolis that workers travel to daily.


lexentry: eng/bedsit__Noun__1
written_rep: bedsit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: студия
sense_list:
(British, Ireland) A form of rented accommodation consisting of a single room for use as both sitting room and bedroom; there may also be a small kitchen area and washing and toilet facilities, but these amenities are more commonly outside the room and shared by several tenants.


lexentry: eng/bedsore__Noun__1
written_rep: bedsore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: про́лежень
sense_list:
(medicine, usually, in the plural, dated) A lesion caused by unrelieved pressure to any part of the body, especially portions over bony or cartilaginous areas, such as frequently develops on a person confined to a bed by infirmity.


lexentry: eng/bedstead__Noun__1
written_rep: bedstead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[карка́с]] [[крова́ти]] | [[ра́ма]] [[крова́ти]] | [[ра́ма]] для [[крова́ти]]
sense_list:
The framework that supports a bed; the rigid structural components of a bed, excluding the mattress, box spring, etc; bedframe.


lexentry: eng/bee-eater__Noun__1
written_rep: bee-eater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: щу́рка | щурка
sense_list:
Any of various brightly-coloured, insectivorous, near-passerine birds in the family Meropidae, especially the European bee-eater, Merops apiaster.


lexentry: eng/bee__Noun__1
written_rep: bee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пчела́ | пчела
sense_list:
A flying insect, of the clade Anthophila within the hymenopteran superfamily Apoidea, known for its organised societies (though only a minority have them), for collecting pollen and (in some species) producing wax and honey.


lexentry: eng/bee_fly__Noun__1
written_rep: bee fly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жужжа́ло | муха-жужжало
sense_list:
Any of the flies in the family Bombyliidae, with adults that look like bumblebees and larvae that are parasitic on the eggs or larvae of other insects.


lexentry: eng/bee_hummingbird__Noun__1
written_rep: bee hummingbird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коли́бри-пчёлка
sense_list:
A species of hummingbird, Mellisuga helenae, native to Cuba, noted for being the smallest living bird.


lexentry: eng/bee_sting__Noun__1
written_rep: bee sting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: укус пчелы
sense_list:
A hypodermic puncture from a bee, resulting in envenomation and often involving the penetration and lodging of the stinger.


lexentry: eng/beebread__Noun__1
written_rep: beebread
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перга́ | пчели́ный хлеб
sense_list:
Bee pollen with added honey and bee secretions, made and stored in brood cells by forager bees, and used as food for worker bees and larvae.


lexentry: eng/beech__Noun__1
written_rep: beech
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бук
sense_list:
A tree of the genus Fagus having a smooth, light grey trunk, oval, pointed leaves, and many branches.


lexentry: eng/beef__Noun__1
written_rep: beef
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: говя́дина | теля́тина | говядина
sense_list:
(in the meat industry, on, _, product packaging) The edible portions of a cow (including those which are not meat). | (uncountable) The meat from cattle or other bovines.


lexentry: eng/beefsteak__Noun__1
written_rep: beefsteak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бифште́кс
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) (A) steak cut from beef cattle. | (countable) Ellipsis of beefsteak tomato. | (countable) Ellipsis of beefsteak mushroom.


lexentry: eng/beehive__Noun__1
written_rep: beehive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: у́лей | улей
sense_list:
An enclosed structure in which some species of honey bees (genus Apis) live and raise their young. | A man-made structure in which bees are kept for their honey.


lexentry: eng/beeline__Noun__1
written_rep: beeline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: прямиком
sense_list:
(mining, chiefly, historical) A dynamite fuse made with a small quantity of dynamite powder along its length, so that the spark travels quickly and at a specific known rate.


lexentry: eng/been_there,_done_that__Phrase__1
written_rep: been there, done that
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: э́то для меня́ не но́во | я э́то уже́ ви́дел
sense_list:
(idiomatic, ironic) An assertion that the speaker has personal experience or knowledge of a particular place or topic and is not too keen on revisiting or redoing it again.


lexentry: eng/beep__Verb__1
written_rep: beep
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: биби́кать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To produce a beep. | (transitive) To telephone a person, only allowing the phone to ring once, in order to request a call back.


lexentry: eng/beer__Noun__1
written_rep: beer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пиво | пи́во
sense_list:
(uncountable) An alcoholic drink fermented from starch material, commonly barley malt; often with hops or some other substance (like gruit) to impart a bitter flavor.


lexentry: eng/beer_belly__Noun__1
written_rep: beer belly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пивно́й живо́т
sense_list:
A protruding belly caused by excess fat stored in the abdomen and colloquially attributed to the consumption of beer.


lexentry: eng/beer_garden__Noun__1
written_rep: beer garden
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пивной сад
sense_list:
The outdoor section of a public house, where customers can sit in the sun and enjoy their beverages.


lexentry: eng/beer_mat__Noun__1
written_rep: beer mat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бирдекель
sense_list:
A small square cardboard mat, often with an advertisement for a brewery on it, that is used to rest one's glass on, and to protect the surface of a table or a bar in a pub.


lexentry: eng/beeswax__Noun__1
written_rep: beeswax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пчели́ный воск | пчелиный воск
sense_list:
A wax secreted by bees from which they make honeycomb; or, the processed form of this wax used in the manufacture of various goods.


lexentry: eng/beetle__Noun__1
written_rep: beetle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жук | жесткокры́лый
sense_list:
Any of numerous species of insect in the order Coleoptera characterized by a pair of hard, shell-like front wings which cover and protect a pair of rear wings when at rest.


lexentry: eng/beetroot__Noun__1
written_rep: beetroot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свёкла | бура́к | буря́к | свекла́
sense_list:
(UK, NZ, AU) A normally deep-red-coloured root vegetable usually cooked or pickled before eating; Synonym of beet.


lexentry: eng/beget__Verb__1
written_rep: beget
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: To father; to sire; to produce (a child).
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[произвести́]] [[пото́мство]] | [[произвести́]] на свет | [[производи́ть]] [[пото́мство]] | [[производи́ть]] на свет | породи́ть | порожда́ть


lexentry: eng/beggars_can't_be_choosers__Proverb__1
written_rep: beggars can't be choosers
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бедняки́ не выбира́ют
sense_list:
(idiom) Something is better than nothing: those who can't provide for themselves should accept whatever help is available.


lexentry: eng/beginning__Noun__1
written_rep: beginning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нача́ло
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of doing that which begins anything; commencement of an action, state, or space of time; entrance into being or upon a course; the first act, effort, or state of a succession of acts or states. | That which is begun; a rudiment or element. | The initial portion of some extended thing.


lexentry: eng/begrime__Verb__1
written_rep: begrime
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: впутывать
sense_list:
(transitive) To ingrain grime or dirt which is difficult to remove into (something); also (more generally) , to make (something) dirty; to soil.


lexentry: eng/beguine__Noun__1
written_rep: beguine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беги́н
sense_list:
A ballroom dance, similar to a slow rumba, originally from French West Indies and popularized abroad largely through the song "Begin the Beguine"; the music for the dance.


lexentry: eng/behalf__Noun__1
written_rep: behalf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерес
sense_list:
The interest, benefit, or wellbeing of someone or something. | (when adopted by someone else) One's role or rightful place; stead or authority.


lexentry: eng/behavior__Noun__1
written_rep: behavior
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: поведе́ние
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) The way a living creature behaves or acts generally. | (uncountable) The way a device or system operates.


lexentry: eng/behaviorism__Noun__1
written_rep: behaviorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бихевиори́зм | бихевиори́стика
sense_list:
An approach to psychology focusing on observable behavior which, generally assuming that behavior is determined by the environment and denying any independent significance for mind, largely ignores any pathophysiological processes which may, or may not, underlie subjective, behavioral phenomena.


lexentry: eng/behavioural_science__Noun__1
written_rep: behavioural science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[поведе́нческая]] [[нау́ка]]
sense_list:
The systematic analysis and investigation of human and animal behaviour through controlled and naturalistic observation and disciplined scientific experimentation.


lexentry: eng/behead__Verb__1
written_rep: behead
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To deliberately remove the head of; to cut off (someone's) head.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[отруба́ть]] [[голова|го́лову]] | [[отруби́ть]] [[голова|го́лову]] | обезгла́вить | обезгла́вливать


lexentry: eng/behest__Noun__1
written_rep: behest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: директи́ва | кома́нда | распоряже́ние | указа́ние
sense_list:
A command, bidding; sometimes also, an authoritative request; now usually in the phrase at the behest of. [from 12th c.]


lexentry: eng/bejel__Noun__1
written_rep: bejel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: баляш | беджель | коро́ста | ньювера | парша́ | пра́нец
sense_list:
Endemic syphilis, a chronic disease of skin and tissue caused by infection by a subspecies of the spirochete Treponema pallidum.


lexentry: eng/bel__Noun__1
written_rep: bel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бе́л
sense_list:
A measure of relative power, defined as log10(P 1/P 2), where P1 and P2 are the measured and reference power respectively.


lexentry: eng/belay__Verb__1
written_rep: belay
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: отставить
sense_list:
(transitive) To lay aside; to stop; to cancel. | (intransitive, nautical) The general command to stop or cease.


lexentry: eng/belch__Verb__1
written_rep: belch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отры́гивать | отры́гиваться | отрыгну́ть | отрыгну́ться | рыга́ть | рыгну́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, immunology) To expel (gas) from the stomach through the mouth; especially, to do so loudly.


lexentry: eng/belemnite__Noun__1
written_rep: belemnite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: белемни́т
sense_list:
(paleontology) Any member of the extinct order †Belemnitida of Mesozoic marine cephalopods, very similar in many ways to the modern squid and closely related to the modern cuttlefish.


lexentry: eng/belie__Verb__2
written_rep: belie
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оболгать | оклеветать
sense_list:
(transitive, archaic) To tell lies about. [from 13th c.] | (transitive, rare) To fill with lies; to lie to.


lexentry: eng/believe__Verb__1
written_rep: believe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ве́рить | пове́рить | ду́мать | полага́ть | счита́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To accept as true, particularly without absolute certainty (i.e., as opposed to knowing).


lexentry: eng/belittle__Verb__1
written_rep: belittle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: занижа́ть | недооце́нивать | преуменьша́ть | принижа́ть | умаля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To knowingly say that something is smaller or less important than it actually is, especially as a way of showing contempt or deprecation. [from 1782]


lexentry: eng/bell-bottom__Adjective__1
written_rep: bell-bottom
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клёш
sense_list:
A style of pants in which the end of each pantleg flares out dramatically from the knee downward, like the mouth of a bell.


lexentry: eng/bell-bottoms__Noun__1
written_rep: bell-bottoms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: брю́ки клёш | клёш
sense_list:
(plurale tantum) Pants that are flared from the knee downwards, a characteristic style of the 1970s.


lexentry: eng/bell-gable__Noun__1
written_rep: bell-gable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зво́нница
sense_list:
(architecture) An element crowning the upper end of the wall of a church and in which a bell is hung, usually in lieu of a campanile or bell tower.


lexentry: eng/bell__Noun__1
written_rep: bell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́локол | колоко́льчик | колокол
sense_list:
(percussion instrument) A percussive instrument made of metal or other hard material, typically but not always in the shape of an inverted cup with a flared rim, which resonates when struck.


lexentry: eng/bell__Noun__1
written_rep: bell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: звонок
sense_list:
An instrument that emits a ringing sound, situated on a bicycle's handlebar and used by the cyclist to warn of their presence.


lexentry: eng/bell__Noun__1
written_rep: bell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: звоно́к | звонок
sense_list:
(chiefly, British, informal) A telephone call. | A signal at a school that tells the students when a class is starting or ending.


lexentry: eng/bell__Noun__1
written_rep: bell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: ра́струб
sense_list:
(music) The flared end of a brass or woodwind instrument. | (architecture) The part of the capital of a column included between the abacus and neck molding; also used for the naked core of nearly cylindrical shape, assumed to exist within the leafage of a capital.


lexentry: eng/bell__Noun__1
written_rep: bell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: скля́нка
sense_list:
(nautical) Any of a series of strokes on a bell (or similar), struck every half hour to indicate the time (within a four hour watch)


lexentry: eng/bell_pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: bell pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: па́прика | болга́рский пе́рец | ка́псикум | пе́рец | сла́дкий пе́рец | стручко́вый пе́рец
sense_list:
(North America, Philippines) Capsicum annuum, an edible, sweet, generally mild (not spicy) fruit, originating in the New World.


lexentry: eng/bellflower__Noun__1
written_rep: bellflower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колоко́льчик
sense_list:
Any flowering plants in the genus Campanula. | Flowering plants in the genera, Campanulastrum, Codonopsis, or Platycodon, in the family Campanulaceae.


lexentry: eng/bellows__Noun__1
written_rep: bellows
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мех
sense_list:
A device for delivering pressurized air in a controlled quantity to a controlled location. At its most simple terms a bellows is a container which is deformable in such a way as to alter its volume which has an outlet or outlets where one wishes to blow air.


lexentry: eng/bells__Noun__2
written_rep: bells
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стекло
sense_list:
(nautical) Ship's bells; the strokes on a ship's bell, every half-hour, to mark the passage of time.


lexentry: eng/bellwether__Noun__1
written_rep: bellwether
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: индикатор
sense_list:
(figuratively) Anything that indicates future trends. | (finance, figuratively) A stock or bond that is widely believed to be an indicator of the overall market's condition.


lexentry: eng/belly_flop__Noun__1
written_rep: belly flop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блюдо
sense_list:
(diving) A style of diving into a body of water in which the surface impact is made mostly by one's abdomen.


lexentry: eng/bellyband__Noun__1
written_rep: bellyband
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подпру́га
sense_list:
(equestrianism) A strap around the belly of a horse or other draft animal used to secure a saddle or the shafts of a cart.


lexentry: eng/belong__Verb__1
written_rep: belong
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: принадлежа́ть | принадлежать
sense_list:
(followed by to) To be a part of a group. | (intransitive, followed by to) To be part of, or the property of.


lexentry: eng/belong__Verb__1
written_rep: belong
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: принадлежа́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive, set theory) (followed by to) To be an element of (a set). The symbol \in means belongs to.


lexentry: eng/below__Preposition__1
written_rep: below
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ни́же
sense_list:
Lower than in value, price, rank, concentration, etc. | Unsuitable to the rank or dignity of; beneath.


lexentry: eng/below_the_belt__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: below the belt
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ни́же пояса
sense_list:
(boxing) Of a punch, landing illegally, below the opponent's waist. | (by extension, idiomatic) Unfair; dirty; not according to the generally accepted rules.


lexentry: eng/belt__Noun__1
written_rep: belt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: зо́на | по́яс
sense_list:
(usually, capitalized) A geographical region known for a particular product, feature or demographic (Corn Belt, Bible Belt, Black Belt, Green Belt).


lexentry: eng/bench__Noun__1
written_rep: bench
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: [[ла́вка]] для жима | [[скамья́]] для [[жи́м]]а
sense_list:
A horizontal padded surface, usually adjustable in height and inclination and often with attached weight rack, used for proper posture during exercise.


lexentry: eng/bench_press__Noun__1
written_rep: bench press
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жим лёжа
sense_list:
(weightlifting) An exercise performed by pressing the weight of a barbell away from one's body while lying on a bench.


lexentry: eng/bend__Verb__1
written_rep: bend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: гнуть | гну́ться | изгиба́ться | сгиба́ть | изгиба́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, nautical) To tie, as in securing a line to a cleat; to shackle a chain to an anchor; make fast.


lexentry: eng/bend_sinister__Noun__1
written_rep: bend sinister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: брусок
sense_list:
(heraldiccharge) A diagonal band on a coat of arms going from the sinister chief (the viewer's top right) to the dexter base, sometimes erroneously held to indicate bastardy.


lexentry: eng/bend_the_truth__Verb__1
written_rep: bend the truth
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[искажа́ть]] [[истина|и́стину]]/[[правда|пра́вду]]
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To change or leave out certain facts of a story or situation, generally in order to elicit a specific response in the audience.


lexentry: eng/benediction__Noun__1
written_rep: benediction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: благослове́ние
sense_list:
A short invocation for help, blessing and guidance from God, said on behalf of another person or persons (sometimes at the end of a church worship service).


lexentry: eng/benefactive_case__Noun__1
written_rep: benefactive case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бенефакти́вный паде́ж
sense_list:
(grammatical case) A case used to indicate beneficiary, or the receiver of the benefit, roughly corresponding to English prepositions such as for, for the benefit of, in the interests of, intended for, or on behalf of.


lexentry: eng/beneficiary__Noun__1
written_rep: beneficiary
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: One who benefits or receives an advantage.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
бенефициа́р | выгодополуча́тель | выгодополуча́тельница | выгодоприобрета́тель | выгодоприобрета́тельница


lexentry: eng/beneficiary__Noun__1
written_rep: beneficiary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бенефициа́р | бенефициа́рий | выгодоприобрета́тель | выгодоприобрета́тельница
sense_list:
(especially, trust law) One who benefits from the distribution, especially out of a trust or estate.


lexentry: eng/beneficiation__Noun__1
written_rep: beneficiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обогаще́ние
sense_list:
The reduction in size of particles of ore (or similar physical processing) before further processing to recover the metal.


lexentry: eng/benzaldehyde__Noun__1
written_rep: benzaldehyde
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бензойный альдеги́д
sense_list:
(organic compound, uncountable) A chemical compound (C6H5CHO) consisting of a benzene ring with an aldehyde substituent.


lexentry: eng/benzene__Noun__1
written_rep: benzene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бензо́л | бензол
sense_list:
(organic compound) An aromatic hydrocarbon of formula C6H6 whose structure consists of a ring of alternate single and double bonds.


lexentry: eng/benzene_ring__Noun__1
written_rep: benzene ring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бензо́льное кольцо́
sense_list:
(organic compound) The arrangement of six carbon atoms in a ring, joined by alternating single- and double bonds, that is found in many organic compounds.


lexentry: eng/benzoic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: benzoic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бензо́йная кислота́
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) A white crystalline organic acid, C6H5COOH; the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid; used as a food preservative and in many other industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/benzoin__Noun__1
written_rep: benzoin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бензой
sense_list:
A resinous substance, dry and brittle, obtained from Styrax benzoin, a tree of Sumatra, Java, etc., having a fragrant odor, and slightly aromatic taste. It is used in the preparation of benzoic acid, in medicine, and as a perfume. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/benzol__Noun__1
written_rep: benzol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бензол
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) An impure benzene (mixed with toluene etc), used in the arts as a solvent, and for various other purposes.


lexentry: eng/benzopyrene__Noun__1
written_rep: benzopyrene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бензпирен
sense_list:
(organic compound) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (having five fused benzene rings) that is both mutagenic and carcinogenic


lexentry: eng/berdache__Noun__1
written_rep: berdache
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: берда́че | берда́ш
sense_list:
(anthropology, dated, now, _, offensive, ethnic slur) Among Native Americans, a person who identifies with any of a variety of gender identities which are not exclusively those of their biological sex; a transgender person. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/beret__Noun__1
written_rep: beret
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бере́т | берет
sense_list:
A type of round, brimless cap with a soft top and a headband to secure it to the head; usually culturally associated with France.


lexentry: eng/bergshrund__Noun__1
written_rep: bergshrund
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бергшрунд
sense_list:
(geology) A large crack or crevasse in a glacier where the glacier is pulling away from the mountain.


lexentry: eng/beriberi__Noun__1
written_rep: beriberi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бе́ри-бе́ри
sense_list:
(pathology) An ailment caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1), leading to lethargy and organ complications.


lexentry: eng/berth__Noun__1
written_rep: berth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: до́лжность | ме́сто
sense_list:
(by extension) A job or position on a vessel. | (nautical) Chiefly in wide berth: a sufficient space in the water for a ship or other vessel to lie at anchor or manoeuvre without getting in the way of other vessels, or colliding into rocks or the shore.


lexentry: eng/berth__Noun__1
written_rep: berth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́йка | ме́сто | по́лка | спа́льное ме́сто
sense_list:
(by extension) A place on a vessel to sleep, especially a bed on the side of a cabin. | (by extension) A room in a vessel in which the officers or company mess#Verb 2 and reside; also, a room or other place in a vessel for storage.


lexentry: eng/berth__Verb__1
written_rep: berth
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прича́ливать | прича́лить
sense_list:
(nautical) To bring (a ship or other vessel) into a berth (noun sense 1.1); also, to provide a berth for (a vessel).


lexentry: eng/beryl__Noun__1
written_rep: beryl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бери́лл | берилл
sense_list:
(uncountable, mineral) A mineral of pegmatite deposits, often used as a gemstone (molecular formula Be3Al2Si6O18).


lexentry: eng/beryllium__Noun__1
written_rep: beryllium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бери́ллий | бериллий
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Be) with an atomic number of 4; a soft silvery-white low density alkaline earth metal with specialist industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/beshmet__Noun__1
written_rep: beshmet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бешме́т
sense_list:
A knee-length outer garment with a short stand-up collar, typical of Turkic, Mongolian and Caucasian peoples, similar to a short kaftan.


lexentry: eng/besides__Adverb__1
written_rep: besides
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бо́лее того́ | сверх того́
sense_list:
(conjunctive) Used to emphasize an additional point, especially an important or stronger reason; moreover; furthermore.


lexentry: eng/besiege__Verb__1
written_rep: besiege
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: осади́ть | осажда́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To beset or surround with armed forces for the purpose of compelling to surrender, to lay siege to, beleaguer.


lexentry: eng/bespeak__Verb__1
written_rep: bespeak
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бронировать | резерви́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance.


lexentry: eng/best_before_date__Noun__1
written_rep: best before date
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: минимальный срок годности
sense_list:
A food quality marking which denotes the date until which a food item is guaranteed to be at its best.


lexentry: eng/best_boy__Noun__1
written_rep: best boy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́рвый помо́щник главного электрика | помо́щник осветителя
sense_list:
(film production) The first assistant to either the key grip (in charge of camera placement and movement) or the gaffer (in charge of lighting and electrics).


lexentry: eng/bestow__Verb__1
written_rep: bestow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вруча́ть | вручи́ть | дари́ть | дарова́ть | жа́ловать | испо́льзовать
sense_list:
To impart (something) gratuitously; to present (something) to someone or something, especially as a gift or an honour; to confer, to give, to accord.


lexentry: eng/bestow__Verb__1
written_rep: bestow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: размести́ть | размеща́ть | расквартиро́вать | расквартиро́вывать
sense_list:
(also, reflexive) To provide (someone or oneself) with accommodation; to find quarters for (someone or oneself); to lodge, to quarter.


lexentry: eng/bestrew__Verb__1
written_rep: bestrew
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: покрывать
sense_list:
(transitive) To strew anything upon; strew over or about; cover or partially cover with things strewn; cover with straw or strewing.


lexentry: eng/bet__Noun__1
written_rep: bet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пари́ | закла́д | ста́вка
sense_list:
A wager, an agreement between two parties that a stake (usually money) will be paid by the loser to the winner (the winner being the one who correctly forecast the outcome of an event).


lexentry: eng/beta__Noun__1
written_rep: beta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бе́та
sense_list:
The second letter of the Greek alphabet (Β, β), preceded by alpha (Α, α) and followed by gamma, (Γ, γ). In modern Greek it represents the voiced labiodental fricative sound of v found in the English words have and vase.


lexentry: eng/beta_blocker__Noun__1
written_rep: beta blocker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бета-блока́тор
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A blocking agent, one of a class of drugs used to treat hypertension and control the rate at which the heart beats.


lexentry: eng/beta_particle__Noun__1
written_rep: beta particle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: β-части́ца | бе́та-части́ца
sense_list:
(particle) An energetic electron or positron produced as the result of a nuclear reaction or nuclear decay.


lexentry: eng/betel__Noun__1
written_rep: betel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бете́ль
sense_list:
An evergreen Indian creeping shrub, Piper betle, whose dried leaves are chewed with betel nut: the betel pepper. | The betel palm, Areca catechu, and in particular its seed, the areca nut or betel nut.


lexentry: eng/betide__Verb__1
written_rep: betide
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: случи́ться
sense_list:
(transitive) Often used in a prediction (chiefly in woe betide) or a wish: to happen to (someone or something); to befall.


lexentry: eng/betoken__Verb__1
written_rep: betoken
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вещать
sense_list:
(transitive) To foreshow by present signs; indicate something future by that which is seen or known.


lexentry: eng/betray__Verb__1
written_rep: betray
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предава́ть | вы́дать | выдава́ть | преда́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To deliver into the hands of an enemy by treachery or fraud, in violation of trust; to give up treacherously or faithlessly. | (transitive) To prove faithless or treacherous to, as to a trust or one who trusts; to be false to; to deceive. | (transitive) To violate the confidence of, by disclosing a secret, or that which one is bound in honor not to make known.


lexentry: eng/betrothal__Noun__1
written_rep: betrothal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: обруче́ние | помо́лвка
sense_list:
The fact of being betrothed; a mutual promise, engagement, or contract for a future marriage between two people.


lexentry: eng/better_safe_than_sorry__Proverb__1
written_rep: better safe than sorry
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бережёного бог бережёт
sense_list:
It is preferable to be cautious in one's choices and actions than to act recklessly and suffer afterwards.


lexentry: eng/between__Preposition__1
written_rep: between
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ме́жду | меж | посреди́ | среди́
sense_list:
In the position or interval that separates (two things), or intermediate in quantity or degree. (See Usage notes below.)


lexentry: eng/between_a_rock_and_a_hard_place__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: between a rock and a hard place
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ме́жду Сци́ллой и Хари́бдой | ме́жду двух огне́й | ме́жду мо́лотом и накова́льней
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Having the choice between two unpleasant or distasteful options; in a predicament or quandary.


lexentry: eng/between_the_hammer_and_the_anvil__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: between the hammer and the anvil
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: между молотом и наковальней
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, idiomatic) With the choice between two unpleasant or distasteful options; in a predicament or quandary.


lexentry: eng/beverage__Noun__1
written_rep: beverage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: напи́ток | питьё | по́йло
sense_list:
(mostly, North America) A liquid to consume; a drink, such as tea, coffee, liquor, beer, milk, juice, or a soft drink, usually excluding water. | (Britain, slang, archaic) (A gift of) drink money.


lexentry: eng/bevor__Noun__1
written_rep: bevor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: борода
sense_list:
(historical) A portion of plate armour to protect the lower face and the neck, typically in two parts, called upper bevor and lower bevor.


lexentry: eng/bewitched__Adjective__1
written_rep: bewitched
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: околдо́ванный
sense_list:
Under a spell; subject to an act of witchcraft. | (Of a person) entranced, charmed, fascinated, as though subject to a magical influence.


lexentry: eng/beyond_the_pale__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: beyond the pale
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вне ра́мок прили́чия
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Of a person or their behaviour: outside the bounds of what is acceptable, or regarded as good judgment, morality, ethics, etc.


lexentry: eng/bezant__Noun__1
written_rep: bezant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: шайба
sense_list:
(heraldiccharge) A roundel or (that is, a golden circle), the heraldic representation of a gold coin.


lexentry: eng/bezel__Noun__1
written_rep: bezel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: грань | фасе́т
sense_list:
The oblique side or face of a cut gem; especially the upper faceted portion of a brilliant (diamond), which projects from its setting.


lexentry: eng/bezel__Noun__1
written_rep: bezel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гнездо́
sense_list:
The rim and flange which encompasses and fastens a jewel or other object, such as the crystal of a watch, in the cavity in which it is set.


lexentry: eng/bezel__Noun__1
written_rep: bezel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: фальшпане́ль
sense_list:
(computing) The panel that covers the front of a computer case, or the panel covering each drive bay that can be removed to install a removable drive that requires external access, such as a CD/DVD-ROM drive, which usually has its own preinstalled bezel.


lexentry: eng/bezoar__Noun__1
written_rep: bezoar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безоа́р
sense_list:
A mass, usually of hair or undigested vegetable matter, found in a human or animal's intestines, similar to a hairball.


lexentry: eng/bhikkhu__Noun__1
written_rep: bhikkhu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бхи́кшу
sense_list:
A male Buddhist monk or priest; one who follows all Buddhist precepts as a full member of the sangha.


lexentry: eng/biangbiang_noodles__Noun__1
written_rep: biangbiang noodles
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лапша бянбян
sense_list:
A type of thick noodle from China's Shaanxi province, said to be named for the sound a noodle makes when slapped against the work surface while being made, and famed for the unusually complex Chinese character used in its name (𰻞／𰻝 (biáng)).


lexentry: eng/bias__Noun__1
written_rep: bias
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: смеще́ние
sense_list:
(electronics) A voltage or current applied to an electronic device, such as a transistor electrode, to move its operating point to a desired part of its transfer function.


lexentry: eng/biathlon__Noun__1
written_rep: biathlon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биатло́н | биатлон
sense_list:
(winter sports, uncountable) Racing combining cross-country skiing and rifle shooting; (countable) a particular instance of such a race.


lexentry: eng/biaxial__Adjective__1
written_rep: biaxial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: двухо́сный
sense_list:
(mathematics, astronomy) Having two axes of rotation and two planes of symmetry (e.g. having the shape of a spheroid)


lexentry: eng/bib__Noun__1
written_rep: bib
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нагру́дник | слюня́вчик
sense_list:
An item of clothing for people (especially babies) tied around their neck to protect their clothes from getting dirty when eating.


lexentry: eng/bibimbap__Noun__1
written_rep: bibimbap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пибимпа́п
sense_list:
A Korean dish of white rice topped with vegetables, beef, a whole egg, and gochujang (chili pepper paste).


lexentry: eng/bible__Noun__1
written_rep: bible
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: би́блия
sense_list:
(by extension) A comprehensive manual that describes something, or a publication with a loyal readership.


lexentry: eng/biblical__Adjective__1
written_rep: biblical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: библе́йский | библейский
sense_list:
Of or relating to the Bible. | In accordance with the teachings of the Bible (according to some interpretation of it).


lexentry: eng/biblically_accurate__Adjective__1
written_rep: biblically accurate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: библе́йски то́чный
sense_list:
(internet slang, humorous) Having an unsettling or cursed, "unfathomable" appearance, especially one with many eyes and wings.


lexentry: eng/bibliography__Noun__1
written_rep: bibliography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: библиогра́фия | библиография
sense_list:
A section of a written work containing citations, not quotations, to all the books referred to in the work. | A list of books or documents relevant to a particular subject or author. | The study of the history of books in terms of their classification, printing and publication.


lexentry: eng/bicameral__Adjective__1
written_rep: bicameral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двухпала́тный
sense_list:
Being or having a system with two, often unequal, chambers or compartments; of, signifying, relating to, or being the product of such a two-chambered system. | (government) Of, having, or relating to two separate legislative chambers or houses.


lexentry: eng/bicameralism__Noun__1
written_rep: bicameralism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[двухпалатный|двухпала́тная]] [[систе́ма]] | бикамерали́зм | бикамери́зм | двухпала́тность
sense_list:
(government) The practice of dividing legislative bodies into two chambers with complementary powers and limitations designed to provide checks and balances against one another.


lexentry: eng/bicarbonate__Noun__1
written_rep: bicarbonate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бикарбонат
sense_list:
(organic compound) the univalent anion HCO3-; any salt of carbonic acid in which only one of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced. [from 1814] | sodium bicarbonate used as a mild antacid; bicarbonate of soda


lexentry: eng/bicone__Noun__1
written_rep: bicone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биконус
sense_list:
(geometry) The three-dimensional shape swept by revolving an isosceles triangle around its edge of unequal length, or by joining two identical right circular cones, base to base.


lexentry: eng/bicorn__Noun__1
written_rep: bicorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бико́рн | двууго́лка | двухуго́лка
sense_list:
(historical) A two-cornered hat worn by European and American military and naval officers from the 1790s.


lexentry: eng/bicycle__Noun__1
written_rep: bicycle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: велосипе́д | ве́лик | велосипед
sense_list:
(cycling) A vehicle that has two wheels, one behind the other, a steering handle, and a saddle seat or seats and is usually propelled by the action of a rider’s feet upon pedals.


lexentry: eng/biddy__Noun__1
written_rep: biddy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[старый|ста́рая]] [[спле́тница]]
sense_list:
(derogatory) A woman, especially an old woman; especially one regarded as fussy or mean or a gossipy busybody.


lexentry: eng/bidet__Noun__1
written_rep: bidet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биде́ | биде
sense_list:
A low-mounted plumbing fixture or type of sink intended for washing the external genitalia and the anus.


lexentry: eng/bidirectional__Adjective__1
written_rep: bidirectional
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двунапра́вленный | двухсторо́нний
sense_list:
Moving in two directions (usually opposite). | Operating or functioning in two directions (usually opposite).


lexentry: eng/bifurcation__Noun__1
written_rep: bifurcation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разветвле́ние | раздвое́ние
sense_list:
(biology) A division into two branches. | (by extension) Any place where one thing divides into two.


lexentry: eng/big_baby__Noun__1
written_rep: big baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: младенец
sense_list:
(derogatory) An adult or youth prone to immature behavior associated with babies, such as tantrums or pouting.


lexentry: eng/big_break__Noun__1
written_rep: big break
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: просека
sense_list:
(entertainment, idiomatic) A breakthrough, especially the first big hit of a previously unknown performer or performers in the entertainment industry.


lexentry: eng/big_business__Noun__1
written_rep: big business
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: большо́й би́знес
sense_list:
(sometimes, capitalized) Large, for-profit corporations collectively, understood as having significant economic, political, or social influence.


lexentry: eng/big_cat__Noun__1
written_rep: big cat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: половый
sense_list:
Any large feline animal, especially one of the Panthera genus, including tigers, lions, jaguars and leopards.


lexentry: eng/big_cheese__Noun__1
written_rep: big cheese
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (idiomatic) A very important figure, especially a high-ranking person in an organization.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[большо́й]] [[нача́льник]] | [[большой|больша́я]] [[ши́шка]] | [[важный|ва́жная]] [[персо́на]] | [[важный|ва́жная]] [[пти́ца]] | [[важный|ва́жная]] [[ши́шка]] | ши́шка


lexentry: eng/big_data__Noun__1
written_rep: big data
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: большие да́нные
sense_list:
Data on a very large scale, such that it can only be gathered or processed with computers, especially with reference to its potential to allow for new breakthroughs or understanding in a particular field of study.


lexentry: eng/big_fish_in_a_small_pond__Noun__1
written_rep: big fish in a small pond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́рвый па́рень на деревне
sense_list:
(idiomatic) One who has achieved a high rank or is highly esteemed, but only in a small, relatively unimportant, or little known location or organization.


lexentry: eng/big_mouth__Noun__1
written_rep: big mouth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: дли́нный язы́к
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A person who talks too much, especially by making exaggerated claims or by inappropriately revealing information.


lexentry: eng/big_picture__Noun__1
written_rep: big picture
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: The totality of a situation.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[обстано́вка]] [[в це́лом]] | [[общий|о́бщая]] [[карти́на]] | [[общий|о́бщая]] [[обстано́вка]] | [[общий|о́бщая]] [[ситуа́ция]]


lexentry: eng/big_toe__Noun__1
written_rep: big toe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: большо́й па́лец | большой палец
sense_list:
(anatomy) The largest toe (usually) on each human foot (i.e. the toe closest to the other foot when the feet are flat on the ground, side by side, and the legs not crossed) or on a foot of certain other animals.


lexentry: eng/bighead__Noun__1
written_rep: bighead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вообража́ла | задава́ка
sense_list:
(countable, colloquial, especially used by children) A person with an inflated opinion of themselves; a conceited or arrogant person.


lexentry: eng/bigot__Noun__1
written_rep: bigot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фана́тик | фанати́чка | шовини́ст | шовини́стка
sense_list:
One who is narrow-mindedly devoted to their own ideas and groups, and intolerant of (people of) differing ideas, races, genders, religions, politics, etc.


lexentry: eng/bigoted__Adjective__1
written_rep: bigoted
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нетерпи́мый | предубеждённый | фанати́чный
sense_list:
Having the characteristics of a bigot; strongly prejudiced; forming negative opinions about others without just cause.


lexentry: eng/bigotry__Noun__1
written_rep: bigotry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мракобе́сие | нетерпи́мость | фанати́зм | ха́нжество
sense_list:
The condition or the characteristic quality of a bigot, especially religious, anti-religious or racial intolerant prejudice; opinionatedness; fanaticism; fanatic intolerance.


lexentry: eng/bijective__Adjective__1
written_rep: bijective
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биективный
sense_list:
(mathematics, of a function) Associating to each element of the codomain exactly one element of the domain; establishing a perfect (one-to-one) correspondence between the elements of the domain and the codomain; (formally) both injective and surjective.


lexentry: eng/bilberry__Noun__1
written_rep: bilberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голуби́ка | черни́ка
sense_list:
Vaccinium myrtillus, the wild European blueberry of the cowberry family. | The shrub of the above-mentioned plant.


lexentry: eng/bilby__Noun__1
written_rep: bilby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: би́лби | кро́личий бандику́т | уша́стый су́мчатый барсу́к
sense_list:
An Australian desert marsupial (Macrotis lagotis), with distinctive large ears and approximately the size of a rabbit.


lexentry: eng/bile__Noun__1
written_rep: bile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жёлчь | желчь
sense_list:
A bitter brownish-yellow or greenish-yellow secretion produced by the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and discharged into the duodenum where it aids the process of digestion.


lexentry: eng/bile_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: bile acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: же́лчная кислота́
sense_list:
any of the steroid acids produced by the liver, such as cholic acid, that occur in bile as sodium salts and serve to neutralize the contents of the stomach as they enter the duodenum and to aid the emulsification and absorption of fats


lexentry: eng/bilinear__Adjective__1
written_rep: bilinear
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: билине́йный
sense_list:
(linear algebra, of a function in two variables) Linear (preserving linear combinations) in each variable.


lexentry: eng/bilirubin__Noun__1
written_rep: bilirubin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: билируби́н | билирубин
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A bile pigment that is a product of the breakdown of the heme portion of hemoglobin (which occurs within macrophages as they digest red blood cells), and which is responsible for the yellowish color seen in bruises. Extremely high levels of bilirubin may cause jaundice.


lexentry: eng/bill__Noun__1
written_rep: bill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ве́ксель | распи́ска | счёт
sense_list:
A written list or inventory. (Now obsolete except in specific senses or set phrases; bill of lading, bill of goods, etc.)


lexentry: eng/bill__Noun__1
written_rep: bill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: афи́ша | програ́мка
sense_list:
A document, originally sealed; a formal statement or official memorandum. (Now obsolete except with certain qualifying words; bill of health, bill of sale etc.)


lexentry: eng/bill__Noun__1
written_rep: bill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: заявле́ние
sense_list:
(obsolete, law) A declaration made in writing, stating some wrong the complainant has suffered from the defendant, or a fault committed by some person against a law.


lexentry: eng/bill__Noun__1
written_rep: bill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: счёт | счёт-факту́ра
sense_list:
A written note of goods sold, services rendered, or work done, with the price or charge; an invoice.


lexentry: eng/bill__Noun__2
written_rep: bill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клюв
sense_list:
The beak of a bird, especially when small or flattish; sometimes also used with reference to a platypus, turtle, or other animal.


lexentry: eng/bill__Noun__3
written_rep: bill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алеба́рда
sense_list:
Any of various bladed or pointed hand weapons, originally designating an Anglo-Saxon sword, and later a weapon of infantry, especially in the 14th and 15th centuries, commonly consisting of a broad, heavy, double-edged, hook-shaped blade, with a short pike at the back and another at the top, attached to the end of a long staff.


lexentry: eng/bill__Noun__3
written_rep: bill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[садовый|садо́вые]] [[но́жницы]] | сека́ч
sense_list:
A cutting instrument, with hook-shaped point, and fitted with a handle, used in pruning, etc.; a billhook.


lexentry: eng/bill_of_fare__Noun__1
written_rep: bill of fare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: меню
sense_list:
(old-fashioned) A written or printed enumeration of the dishes served at a banquet, or of the dishes (with prices listed) that may be ordered at a restaurant, etc.


lexentry: eng/bill_of_lading__Noun__1
written_rep: bill of lading
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коноса́ме́нт | накладна́я
sense_list:
(shipping) A document issued by a carrier (e.g. master of a ship or the ship owner's agent) to a shipper listing a ship's cargo, acknowledging receipt of said cargo, and specifying terms for its delivery.


lexentry: eng/billboard__Noun__1
written_rep: billboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: афи́ша | билбо́рд | вы́веска | плака́т | рекла́мный щит | щит
sense_list:
A very large outdoor sign, generally used for advertising. | (nautical) A piece of thick plank, armed with iron plates, and fixed on the bow or fore-channels of a vessel, for the bill or fluke of the anchor to rest on.


lexentry: eng/billhook__Noun__1
written_rep: billhook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сека́ч
sense_list:
An agricultural hand tool often with a curved or hooked end to the blade used for pruning or cutting thick, woody plants. | (written as bill-hook) A part of the knotting mechanism in a reaper-binder or baler (agricultural machinery).


lexentry: eng/billiard_table__Noun__1
written_rep: billiard table
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: билья́рдный стол
sense_list:
(sports, billiards, snooker) A heavy felt-covered table fitted with six pockets along the perimeter used in the games of pool, billiards or snooker.


lexentry: eng/billiards__Noun__1
written_rep: billiards
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: билья́рд | бильярд
sense_list:
(games, British) A two-player cue sport played with two cue balls and one red ball, on a snooker sized table.


lexentry: eng/billion__Numeral__1
written_rep: billion
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биллио́н | миллиа́рд
sense_list:
(US, modern British & Australian, short scale) a thousand million (logic: 1,000 × 1,0002): 1 followed by nine zeros, 109; a milliard


lexentry: eng/billion__Numeral__1
written_rep: billion
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: триллио́н
sense_list:
(dated, British & Australian, long scale) A million million (logic: 1,000,0002): a 1 followed by twelve zeros; 1012


lexentry: eng/bimetallism__Noun__1
written_rep: bimetallism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биметалли́зм
sense_list:
(economics) The use of a monetary standard based upon two different metals, traditionally gold and silver usually in a fixed ratio of values.


lexentry: eng/binary__Adjective__1
written_rep: binary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бина́рный | двои́чный
sense_list:
Being in one of two mutually exclusive states. | (logic) Concerning logic whose subject matter concerns binary states. | (arithmetic, computing) Concerning numbers and calculations using the binary number system. | (mathematics, programming, computer engineering) Of an operation, function, procedure, or logic gate, taking exactly two operands, arguments, parameters, or inputs; having domain of dimension 2. | (computing) Of data, consisting coded values (e.g. machine code) not interpretable as plain or ASCII text (e.g. source code).


lexentry: eng/binary_code__Noun__1
written_rep: binary code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двои́чный код
sense_list:
(computing) A code that uses the binary digits (1 and 0), usually in groups of eight, to represent characters, machine instructions or other data.


lexentry: eng/bind__Verb__1
written_rep: bind
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вяза́ть | свя́зывать | связа́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To tie; to confine by any ligature. | (transitive) To confine, restrain, or hold by physical force or influence of any kind. | (transitive) To couple. | (transitive, computer programming) To process one or more object modules into an executable program. | (intransitive, , LGBT) To wear a binder so as to flatten one's chest to give the appearance of a flat chest, usually done by trans men.


lexentry: eng/binder__Noun__1
written_rep: binder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обвя́зка | перевя́зка | повя́зка
sense_list:
Something that is used to bind things together, often referring to the mechanism that accomplishes this for a book.


lexentry: eng/binder__Noun__1
written_rep: binder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: зада́ток
sense_list:
(legal) A down payment on a piece of real property that secures the payor the right to purchase the property from the payee upon an agreement of terms.


lexentry: eng/binder_clip__Noun__1
written_rep: binder clip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клипс
sense_list:
A simple device for binding a few to many sheets of paper, leaving the sheets intact; a strip of spring steel bent into the shape of an isosceles triangle with loops at the apex.


lexentry: eng/binding__Noun__1
written_rep: binding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: переплёт
sense_list:
The spine of a book where the pages are held together. | (sewing) A finishing on a seam or hem of a garment. | (programming) The association of a named item with an element of a program.


lexentry: eng/bindle__Noun__2
written_rep: bindle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кото́мка
sense_list:
(Canada, US, , slang) Any bundle or package; specifically one containing narcotics such as cocaine, heroin, or morphine.


lexentry: eng/binge__Verb__1
written_rep: binge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: объедаться | переедать
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive, often with on) To engage in a short period of excessive consumption, especially of excessive alcohol consumption.


lexentry: eng/bingo__Interjection__1
written_rep: bingo
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: би́нго | найти
sense_list:
(informal) Used when finding what one has been looking for or trying to recall, or on successful completion of a task.


lexentry: eng/bingo__Noun__1
written_rep: bingo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: би́нго
sense_list:
(uncountable) A game of chance for two or more players, who mark off numbers on a grid as they are announced by the caller; the game is won by the first person to call out "bingo!" or "house!" after crossing off all numbers on the grid or in one line of the grid.


lexentry: eng/binnacle__Noun__1
written_rep: binnacle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: накто́уз
sense_list:
(nautical) The wooden housing for a ship's compass, with its corrector magnets and illuminating arrangements. The log and other equipment for measuring the ship's speed are also stowed there.


lexentry: eng/binoculars__Noun__1
written_rep: binoculars
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бино́кль | бинокль
sense_list:
A hand-held device consisting of a series of lenses and prisms, used to magnify objects so that they can be better seen from a distance, and looked at through both eyes.


lexentry: eng/binomial_name__Noun__1
written_rep: binomial name
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бино́м
sense_list:
(taxonomy) A scientific name at the rank of species, with two terms: a generic name and a specific name.


lexentry: eng/binomial_nomenclature__Noun__1
written_rep: binomial nomenclature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биномина́льная номенклату́ра
sense_list:
(taxonomy) The scientific system of naming each species of organism with a Latinized name in two parts; the first is the genus, and is written with an initial capital letter; the second is some specific epithet that distinguishes the species within the genus. By convention, the whole name is typeset in italics. The genus part is often abbreviated to its initial letter e.g. H. sapiens for Homo sapiens


lexentry: eng/binyan__Noun__1
written_rep: binyan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бинъя́н
sense_list:
In Semitic languages, a kind of word stem into which vowels and affixes can be slotted, typically consisting of three letters.


lexentry: eng/bioaccumulation__Noun__1
written_rep: bioaccumulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биоаккумуля́ция
sense_list:
(biology) The process by which substances accumulate in the tissues of living organisms; used especially of toxic substances that accumulate via a food chain.


lexentry: eng/bioavailability__Noun__1
written_rep: bioavailability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биодосту́пность
sense_list:
(pharmacology, nutrition) The amount of drug or nutrient which reaches the site of physiological activity after administration.


lexentry: eng/biochemistry__Noun__1
written_rep: biochemistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биохи́мия | биохимия
sense_list:
(uncountable) The chemistry of those compounds that occur in living organisms, and the processes that occur in their metabolism and catabolism


lexentry: eng/biodiesel__Noun__1
written_rep: biodiesel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биоди́зель
sense_list:
Fuel for diesel engines made from renewable organic raw materials, as opposed to fossil hydrocarbons.


lexentry: eng/biodiversity_hotspot__Noun__1
written_rep: biodiversity hotspot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оча́г биоразнообразия
sense_list:
(ecology) A place with a significant level of biodiversity, particularly if the flora and fauna are threatened with loss of their habitat.


lexentry: eng/biofeedback__Noun__1
written_rep: biofeedback
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биологическая обратная связь
sense_list:
(psychology, psychiatry, physiology) A technique of gaining greater awareness of the many physiological functions of one's own body by using electronic or other instruments, and with the goal of being able to manipulate the body's systems at will.


lexentry: eng/biogas__Noun__1
written_rep: biogas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биога́з
sense_list:
A mixture of methane and carbon dioxide, produced by anaerobic digestion of organic waste matter, used as a fuel.


lexentry: eng/biogeochemistry__Noun__1
written_rep: biogeochemistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биогеохимия
sense_list:
(biology, geology, chemistry, ecology) The scientific study of biological, geological and chemical processes in the natural environment and especially of their mutual relationships.


lexentry: eng/biohazard__Noun__1
written_rep: biohazard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биологическая опасность
sense_list:
A biological hazard; a source of risk due to some biological factor such as bacteria or human waste.


lexentry: eng/bioinformatics__Noun__1
written_rep: bioinformatics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биоинформа́тика
sense_list:
(biology, computer science) A field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline to analyse biological information using computers and statistical techniques.


lexentry: eng/biological_parent__Noun__1
written_rep: biological parent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биологи́ческий роди́тель
sense_list:
A child's natural parent, either the male who supplied the sperm or the female who supplied the egg which interacted for the child's conception.


lexentry: eng/biomass__Noun__1
written_rep: biomass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биома́сса | биомасса
sense_list:
The total mass of all, or a specified category of, living things within a specific area, habitat, etc. | Organic matter from living things which were recently alive (especially vegetation) used as a fuel or source of energy, especially if cultivated for that purpose; also, fuel produced from such organic matter; biofuel.


lexentry: eng/biomedicine__Noun__1
written_rep: biomedicine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: биомедицина
sense_list:
The branch of medicine that studies the effects of environmental stress on organisms (most often in space travel).


lexentry: eng/biometrics__Noun__1
written_rep: biometrics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биометрия
sense_list:
The automated measurement of biological data. | The automated recognition or authentication of an individual's identity based on their behavioural and biological characteristics, such as iris appearance, fingerprint, or face shape.


lexentry: eng/biophysics__Noun__1
written_rep: biophysics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биофи́зика
sense_list:
The interdisciplinary science that applies theories and methods of the physical sciences to questions of biology.


lexentry: eng/biopiracy__Noun__1
written_rep: biopiracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биопиратство
sense_list:
(pejorative) The appropriation of indigenous biomedical knowledge, especially by patenting naturally occurring substances.


lexentry: eng/biopsy__Noun__1
written_rep: biopsy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биопси́я
sense_list:
The removal and examination of a sample of tissue, cells, or bodily fluid from a living body for diagnostic purposes.


lexentry: eng/biosynthesis__Noun__1
written_rep: biosynthesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биоси́нтез
sense_list:
(biochemistry) The synthesis of organic compounds within a living organism, especially the synthesis of large compounds from small ones.


lexentry: eng/biotechnology__Noun__1
written_rep: biotechnology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биотехноло́гия | биотехнология
sense_list:
The use of living organisms (especially microorganisms) in industrial, agricultural, medical and other technological applications. | The application of the principles and practices of engineering and technology to the life sciences.


lexentry: eng/biotite__Noun__1
written_rep: biotite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биотит
sense_list:
(mineral) A dark brown mica; it is a mixed aluminosilicate and fluoride of potassium, magnesium and iron.


lexentry: eng/biotope__Noun__1
written_rep: biotope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биото́п
sense_list:
A geographical area that has a uniform biological environment and a uniform distribution of plants and animals


lexentry: eng/bipolar_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: bipolar disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биполя́рное аффекти́вное расстро́йство | биполя́рное расстро́йство
sense_list:
(clinical psychology, psychiatry) A psychiatric diagnostic category, previously called manic depression, characterised by mood swings between great energy (mania) and clinical depression.


lexentry: eng/biquaternion__Noun__1
written_rep: biquaternion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бикватернион
sense_list:
(algebra) Any of the numbers w + xi + yj + zk \ \! where w, x, y, and z are complex numbers and the elements of {1, i, j, k} multiply as in the quaternion group.


lexentry: eng/biquinary__Adjective__1
written_rep: biquinary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двоично-пятери́чный
sense_list:
(mathematics) Employing, or relating to, an arithmetical system and notation in which each decimal digit is represented by a coefficient of five and a coefficient of one


lexentry: eng/bird__Noun__1
written_rep: bird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: птица | по́тка | пта́х | пта́ха | пта́шка | пти́ца
sense_list:
A member of the class of animals Aves in the phylum Chordata, characterized by being warm-blooded, having feathers and wings usually capable of flight, having a beaked mouth, and laying eggs.


lexentry: eng/bird__Noun__1
written_rep: bird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бабёнка | тёлка
sense_list:
(slang) A man, fellow. [from mid-19th c.] | (UK, Ireland, colloquial) A girl or woman, especially one considered sexually attractive.


lexentry: eng/bird_cherry__Noun__1
written_rep: bird cherry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черёмуха
sense_list:
Prunus padus or any deciduous species of Prunus subg. Padus that is closely related to it (tree or fruit).


lexentry: eng/bird_of_paradise__Noun__1
written_rep: bird of paradise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ра́йская пти́ца | райская птица
sense_list:
Any of various passerine birds of the family Paradisaeidae native to Oceania. In many of the species the breeding plumage of the males is brightly coloured.


lexentry: eng/birds_of_a_feather_flock_together__Proverb__1
written_rep: birds of a feather flock together
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(idiomatic) People of similar character, background or taste tend to congregate or associate with one another; it is easier to establish friendships with people that one has a lot in common with.

trans_list:
дура́к дурака́ ви́дит издалека́ | рыба́к рыбака́ ви́дит издалека́ | я́блоко от я́блони недалеко́ па́дает


lexentry: eng/birdwatcher__Noun__1
written_rep: birdwatcher
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (birdwatching) A person who observes or identifies wild birds in their natural environment.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[наблюда́тель]] за [[птица|пти́цами]] | [[наблюда́тельница]] за [[птица|пти́цами]] | орнито́лог | птиценаблюдатель | птиценаблюдательница


lexentry: eng/birefringence__Noun__1
written_rep: birefringence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двойно́е лучепреломле́ние | двулучепреломле́ние
sense_list:
(physics) The splitting of a ray of light into two parallel rays of perpendicular polarization by passage through an optically anisotropic medium; the property of a material that light passing through it is so split.


lexentry: eng/biretta__Noun__1
written_rep: biretta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биретта
sense_list:
A square cap, originally with four ridges across the top, surmounted by a tuft, worn by Roman Catholic clergy (and by some in the Anglican Church). A three-sided biretta is worn by Roman Catholic clergy for liturgical celebrations.


lexentry: eng/birth__Noun__1
written_rep: birth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ро́ды | рожде́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The process of childbearing; the beginning of life; the emergence of a human baby or other viviparous animal offspring from the mother's body into the environment.


lexentry: eng/birth_canal__Noun__1
written_rep: birth canal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: родовы́е пути́
sense_list:
(anatomy, sometimes, euphemistic) The combined vagina and cervix, when the cervix dilates during birth to form a continuous tube with the vagina.


lexentry: eng/birth_certificate__Noun__1
written_rep: birth certificate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свиде́тельство о рожде́нии
sense_list:
An official document certifying the details of a an individual's birth, indicating the name, date, and parents' names, and details such as parents' occupation and religion.


lexentry: eng/birth_control__Noun__1
written_rep: birth control
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контро́ль рожда́емости
sense_list:
Voluntary control of the number of children conceived, especially by the planned use of contraception.


lexentry: eng/birthday__Noun__1
written_rep: birthday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: да́та рожде́ния | день рожде́ния
sense_list:
The date on which someone is born or something is created, more commonly called birthdate or date of birth.


lexentry: eng/birthday_suit__Noun__1
written_rep: birthday suit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в чём мать родила́ | костю́м Ада́ма | костю́м Е́вы
sense_list:
(idiom, often, humorous) Nakedness, unclothed skin; an exposure of a human's natural anatomy without clothing.


lexentry: eng/birther__Noun__1
written_rep: birther
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: «[[рожде́нец]]» | «[[рожде́нка]]»
sense_list:
(slang, pejorative, US politics) A believer in the conspiracy theory that Barack Obama, 44th president of the United States (2009–2017), is not a natural-born US citizen, and was therefore ineligible for the presidency under the United States Constitution (Article II, Section 1).


lexentry: eng/birtherism__Noun__1
written_rep: birtherism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: «бёртеризм»
sense_list:
(slang, often, _, pejorative, US politics) A movement in the United States of America that doubts or denies that the 44th President, Barack Obama, is a natural-born U.S. citizen, thus implying that he is ineligible to be President.


lexentry: eng/birthrate__Noun__1
written_rep: birthrate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рожда́емость
sense_list:
The ratio of total live births to total population for a specific community or nation in a specified period; often expressed in births per thousand per year


lexentry: eng/biscuit__Noun__1
written_rep: biscuit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бискви́т | пече́нье
sense_list:
(UK, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, sometimes, Canada, rare) A small, flat, baked good which is either hard and crisp or else soft but firm; a cookie.


lexentry: eng/biscuit__Noun__1
written_rep: biscuit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: гале́та
sense_list:
(nautical) The "bread" formerly supplied to naval ships, which was made with very little water, kneaded into flat cakes, and slowly baked, and which often became infested with weevils.


lexentry: eng/bisector__Noun__1
written_rep: bisector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биссектри́са | биссектриса
sense_list:
(geometry) A line or curve that bisects or divides a line segment, angle, or other figure into two equal parts.


lexentry: eng/bisexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: bisexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бисексуа́льный | бисексуальный
sense_list:
(of humans, or, other animals) Sexually attracted to both same-gendered and different-gendered partners. Similar to pansexual


lexentry: eng/bisexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: bisexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: двупо́лый
sense_list:
(rare) Hermaphroditic/intersex, being both male and female, or alternating between being male and being female.


lexentry: eng/bisexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: bisexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бисексуа́льность | бисексуальность
sense_list:
(of humans or other animals) The state of being sexually or romantically attracted to members of either sex or gender.


lexentry: eng/bishop__Noun__1
written_rep: bishop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: епи́скоп | епископ
sense_list:
(Christianity) An overseer of congregations: either any such overseer, generally speaking, or (in Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism, Anglicanism, etc.) an official in the church hierarchy (actively or nominally) governing a diocese, supervising the church's priests, deacons, and property in its territory.


lexentry: eng/bishop__Noun__1
written_rep: bishop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: слон | офице́р
sense_list:
(chess) The chess piece denoted ♗ or ♝ which moves along diagonal lines and developed from the shatranj alfil ("elephant") and was originally known as the aufil or archer in English.


lexentry: eng/bissextile__Adjective__1
written_rep: bissextile
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: високо́сный
sense_list:
Having an intercalary day, particularly the quadrennial leap day of the Julian and Gregorian calendars traditionally placed as a "second sixth" day before March 1st.


lexentry: eng/bit__Noun__2
written_rep: bit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бит
sense_list:
(mathematics, computing) A binary digit, generally represented as a 1 or 0. | (computing) The smallest unit of storage in a digital computer, consisting of a binary digit. | (information theory, cryptography) Any datum that may take on one of exactly two values.


lexentry: eng/bit_depth__Noun__1
written_rep: bit depth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разря́дность
sense_list:
(computer graphics) The number of bits (binary digits) used to represent the colour of a single pixel.


lexentry: eng/bitch__Noun__1
written_rep: bitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пизда́
sense_list:
(archaic, offensive) A promiscuous woman, slut, whore. | (vulgar, offensive) A woman. | (obsolete, informal, of a man) A playful variation on dog (sense "man"). [from the 16th c]


lexentry: eng/bitch__Noun__1
written_rep: bitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: блядь | ку́рва | меге́ра | па́дла | сте́рва | су́ка
sense_list:
(vulgar, offensive, often, sexist) A despicable or disagreeable, aggressive person, usually a woman. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/bitch__Verb__1
written_rep: bitch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пизде́ть | скули́ть
sense_list:
(vulgar, intransitive) To criticize spitefully, often for the sake of complaining rather than in order to have the problem corrected.


lexentry: eng/bite__Verb__1
written_rep: bite
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: купи́ться | попа́сться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To cause a smarting sensation; to have a property which causes such a sensation; to be pungent.


lexentry: eng/bite_one's_tongue__Verb__1
written_rep: bite one's tongue
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: придержа́ть язы́к | прикуси́ть язы́к
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To resist the urge to speak out, especially in order to avoid saying something inappropriate or likely to cause a dispute.


lexentry: eng/bite_the_hand_that_feeds_one__Verb__1
written_rep: bite the hand that feeds one
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: куса́ть ру́ку, кото́рая ко́рмит | плева́ть в коло́дец | руби́ть сук, на кото́ром сиди́шь
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To cause harm to a benefactor (especially one that one is dependent on, thus with the idea that this behaviour is self-damaging).


lexentry: eng/bitext__Noun__1
written_rep: bitext
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: битекст | параллельный текст
sense_list:
(translation studies) A merged document composed of both source- and target-language versions of a given text.


lexentry: eng/bitmap__Noun__1
written_rep: bitmap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: битовая ка́рта | растровое изображе́ние
sense_list:
(computing) A series of bits that represents a rasterized graphic image, each pixel being represented as a group of bits.


lexentry: eng/bitrate__Noun__1
written_rep: bitrate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: битрейт
sense_list:
(computing, telecommunications) The frequency at which bits (binary digits) pass a given physical or metaphorical point, measured in bps (bits per second).


lexentry: eng/bitstock__Noun__1
written_rep: bitstock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коловорот
sense_list:
A hand tool consisting of a crank which holds a fitted rotating drill bit tip, designed to bore holes in rigid materials, by cutting a disc in a spiral fashion.


lexentry: eng/bitter_end__Noun__1
written_rep: bitter end
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коне́ц | коренно́й
sense_list:
(nautical) That part of an anchor cable which is abaft the bitts and thus remains inboard when a ship is riding at anchor.


lexentry: eng/bitter_vetch__Noun__1
written_rep: bitter vetch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: горо́шек чёткообразный
sense_list:
A plant with bitter, lentil-like seeds that are edible with special processing, but are now mostly fed to livestock, Vicia ervilia.


lexentry: eng/bitumen__Noun__1
written_rep: bitumen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: би́тум | битум
sense_list:
A sticky, black, highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum, burning with a bright flame. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, etc.; Mineral pitch.


lexentry: eng/bivalve__Noun__1
written_rep: bivalve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двуство́рчатый
sense_list:
Any mollusc belonging to the taxonomic class Bivalvia, characterized by a shell consisting of two hinged sections, such as a scallop, clam, mussel or oyster.


lexentry: eng/biwa__Noun__1
written_rep: biwa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: би́ва
sense_list:
A plucked lute, originating in the classical and traditional music of Japan, characterized by a pear-shaped body and four or five high frets, giving the instrument a distinctively twangy tone.


lexentry: eng/bizarre__Adjective__1
written_rep: bizarre
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неесте́ственный | ненорма́льный | причу́дливый | стра́нный | чудно́й | эксцентри́чный
sense_list:
Strangely unconventional; highly unusual and different from common experience, often in an extravagant, fantastic, and/or conspicuous way.


lexentry: eng/black-and-white__Adjective__1
written_rep: black-and-white
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрно-бе́лый
sense_list:
Of art, a photograph or photography, using shades of grey rather than shades of any other color. | Of a television or monitor, displaying images in shades of grey rather than color.


lexentry: eng/black-backed_jackal__Noun__1
written_rep: black-backed jackal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чепра́чный шака́л
sense_list:
A jackal of species Canis mesomelas, which inhabits the southernmost and central-eastern regions of the African continent.


lexentry: eng/black-billed_capercaillie__Noun__1
written_rep: black-billed capercaillie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́менный глуха́рь
sense_list:
A large black grouse endemic to Siberia, closely related to western capercaillie; Tetrao parvirostris.


lexentry: eng/black-crowned_night_heron__Noun__1
written_rep: black-crowned night heron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ночна́я ца́пля | обыкнове́нная ква́ква
sense_list:
A medium-sized heron, Nycticorax nycticorax, found throughout a large part of the world, except in the coldest regions and Australasia.


lexentry: eng/black-eyed_pea__Noun__1
written_rep: black-eyed pea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коро́вий горо́х
sense_list:
An African leguminous plant, of the species Vigna unguiculata, widely cultivated as food and forage, specifically Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata. | The edible seed of these plants.


lexentry: eng/black-footed_cat__Noun__1
written_rep: black-footed cat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черноно́гая ко́шка
sense_list:
Felis nigripes, the smallest African cat, endemic in the south west arid zone of the southern African subregion.


lexentry: eng/black-headed_gull__Noun__1
written_rep: black-headed gull
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: озёрная ча́йка | речная чайка
sense_list:
A small gull, Chroicocephalus ridibundus, which breeds in much of Europe and Asia, and also in coastal eastern Canada.


lexentry: eng/black-throated_diver__Noun__1
written_rep: black-throated diver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чернозо́бая гага́ра
sense_list:
Gavia arctica, a medium-sized member of the loon or diver family that breeds in Eurasia, with grey head, black throat, white underparts and chequered black-and-white mantle.


lexentry: eng/black__Adjective__1
written_rep: black
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: чёрный
sense_list:
(of a location or setting) Without light. | Bad; evil; ill-omened. | (of objects or markets) Illegitimate, illegal, or disgraced. | Clandestine; relating to a political, military, or espionage operation or site, the existence or details of which is withheld from the general public.


lexentry: eng/black__Adjective__1
written_rep: black
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: чёрный | негритя́нский | темноко́жий | черноко́жий
sense_list:
(US, UK, South Africa) Belonging to or descended from any of various sub-Saharan African ethnic groups which typically have dark pigmentation of the skin. | (sometimes, capitalized) Belonging to or descended from any of various (African, Aboriginal, etc.) ethnic groups which typically have dark pigmentation of the skin. (See usage notes below.) | (board games, chess) Of or relating to the playing pieces of a board game deemed to belong to the "black" set (in chess, the set used by the player who moves second) (often regardless of the pieces' actual colour). | Occult; relating to something (such as mystical or magical knowledge) which is unknown to or kept secret from the general public. | (taxonomy, especially) Dark in comparison to another species with the same base name.


lexentry: eng/black__Noun__1
written_rep: black
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) The colour/color perceived in the absence of light, but also when no light is reflected, but rather absorbed. | (countable, and, uncountable) A black dye or pigment. | (countable) A pen, pencil, crayon, etc., made of black pigment. | (countable, British) A type of firecracker that is really more dark brown in colour.


lexentry: eng/black_alder__Noun__1
written_rep: black alder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ольха́ европе́йская | ольха́ кле́йкая | ольха́ чёрная
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A tree (Alnus glutinosa), of many practical uses, growing in moist conditions in Europe.


lexentry: eng/black_and_white__Noun__1
written_rep: black and white
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: американец
sense_list:
A type of giant cookie (about 8 inches diameter) with icing on the top side: half white, half dark chocolate.


lexentry: eng/black_bean_aphid__Noun__1
written_rep: black bean aphid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бобо́вая тля | свеклови́чная тля
sense_list:
A small black insect of species Aphis fabae, with a broad, soft body, a member of the order Hemiptera that is a major pest of sugar beet, bean and celery crops.


lexentry: eng/black_bloc__Noun__1
written_rep: black bloc
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Чёрный блок
sense_list:
Any group of individuals who join a protest or demonstration, wearing black clothing including items to protect and/or conceal their faces and often engaging in violence and vandalism; the tactic of forming and participating in such a group.


lexentry: eng/black_box__Noun__1
written_rep: black box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный я́щик | чёрный ящик
sense_list:
(informal, aviation) A flight recorder; the brightly colored cockpit voice recorders and flight data recorders in an aircraft designed to aid in determining the cause of an accident. | A theoretical construct or device with known input and output characteristics but unknown method of operation.


lexentry: eng/black_eye__Noun__1
written_rep: black eye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бланш | [[подби́тый]] глаз | [[синя́к]] под [[глаз|гла́зом]] | финга́л | фона́рь
sense_list:
A periorbital hematoma; a visible bruise surrounding a person's eye; an assault causing such a bruise; the eye involved.


lexentry: eng/black_goby__Noun__1
written_rep: black goby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный бычо́к
sense_list:
Any of the species Gobius niger of ray-finned fishes, found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean and Black Seas.


lexentry: eng/black_hole__Noun__1
written_rep: black hole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: чёрная дыра́ | чёрная дыра
sense_list:
(astronomy) A gravitationally domineering celestial body with an event horizon from which even light cannot escape; the most dense material in the universe, condensed into a singularity, usually formed by a collapsing massive star. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/black_horehound__Noun__1
written_rep: black horehound
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: белоку́дренник чёрный
sense_list:
The plant Ballota nigra possessing a disagreeable odor. Traditionally used as a medicinal herb as an antispasmodic, stimulant and vermifuge.


lexentry: eng/black_humor__Noun__1
written_rep: black humor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный ю́мор
sense_list:
A subgenre of comedy and satire that deals with subjects that are believed to be serious or controversial, such as death, divorce, drug abuse, etc.


lexentry: eng/black_ice__Noun__1
written_rep: black ice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гололе́дица | гололёд
sense_list:
A smooth, barely visible, and dangerously slippery film of ice, usually over a dark surface, such as rock or pavement.


lexentry: eng/black_knight__Noun__1
written_rep: black knight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный рыцарь
sense_list:
(fiction) A villain or evil character who masks their identity and that of their liege by not displaying heraldry.


lexentry: eng/black_letter__Noun__1
written_rep: black letter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: готика
sense_list:
(typography) A Northern European style of type based on the script, with contrasting thick-and-thin, angular strokes forming upright letterforms, and usually set with a dark typographic colour on the page.


lexentry: eng/black_light__Noun__1
written_rep: black light
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ла́мпа чёрного света
sense_list:
(countable) A light bulb that emits ultraviolet light, usually used to create the illusion that anything white is glowing.


lexentry: eng/black_lives_matter__Phrase__1
written_rep: black lives matter
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(politics, originally, US) A rallying call and statement of protest, concerning police brutality and racially motivated violence against black people.

trans_list:
[[жизнь|жи́зни]] [[чернокожий|черноко́жих]] [[иметь|име́ют]] [[значе́ние]] | [[жизнь|жи́зни]] чёрных [[важный|важны́]]


lexentry: eng/black_locust__Noun__1
written_rep: black locust
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бе́лая ака́ция
sense_list:
A tree, Robinia pseudoacacia, in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae, native to the southeastern United States, but widely planted and naturalized elsewhere in temperate North America, Europe and Asia; considered an invasive species in some areas.


lexentry: eng/black_magic__Noun__1
written_rep: black magic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колдовство́ | чёрная ма́гия
sense_list:
Magic derived from evil forces, as distinct from good or benign forces; or magic performed with the intention of doing harm.


lexentry: eng/black_mamba__Noun__1
written_rep: black mamba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрная ма́мба
sense_list:
A large venomous snake found in Africa, taxonomic name Dendroaspis polylepis. Despite the name, this species of snake is not black; its colour ranges widely from olive-brown, khaki or grey, sometimes to darker hues, especially when old. The inside of the mouth is black, but in spite of a recent urban legend there is no indication that that has anything to do with the name "black mamba", which is a much older usage than any such suggestion.


lexentry: eng/black_out__Verb__1
written_rep: black out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: падать в обморок
sense_list:
(intransitive) To lose consciousness; to suffer a blackout. | (transitive) To cause (someone) to lose consciousness.


lexentry: eng/black_pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: black pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: чёрный пе́рец
sense_list:
The dried, unripe berries (peppercorns) of the Piper nigrum plant which are commonly used as a spice and seasoning. They are either used whole, or in a ground or crushed form.


lexentry: eng/black_poplar__Noun__1
written_rep: black poplar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: то́поль
sense_list:
Any of species Populus nigra of poplars found in Europe, southwest and central Asia, and northwest Africa.


lexentry: eng/black_pudding__Noun__1
written_rep: black pudding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кровяна́я колбаса́
sense_list:
A blood sausage made from pork blood, a high proportion of cereal (oats or barley), and spices; eaten at breakfast and combined in starters and salads.


lexentry: eng/black_rat__Noun__1
written_rep: black rat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрная кры́са
sense_list:
A common species of rat, Rattus rattus, originating anciently in Asia but now distributed worldwide.


lexentry: eng/black_salsify__Noun__1
written_rep: black salsify
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: козелец испанский
sense_list:
A perennial member of the sunflower family (Asteraceae), cultivated as a root vegetable (Pseudopodospermum hispanicum, syn. Scorzonera hispanica).


lexentry: eng/black_scabbardfish__Noun__1
written_rep: black scabbardfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обыкнове́нный у́гольщик | у́гольщик
sense_list:
A North Atlantic fish of the cutlassfish family Trichiuridae with an extremely elongated, eel-like body, Aphanopus carbo.


lexentry: eng/black_sheep__Noun__1
written_rep: black sheep
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бе́лая воро́на
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A nonconformist; an unusual or unconventional person, who may be rejected or disdained by others for this reason.


lexentry: eng/black_smoker__Noun__1
written_rep: black smoker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный кури́льщик
sense_list:
(geology, oceanography) A kind of hydrothermal vent found on the seabed, emitting clouds of black material.


lexentry: eng/black_stork__Noun__1
written_rep: black stork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный аист
sense_list:
A large bird of species Ciconia nigra in the stork family Ciconiidae, wintering in tropical Africa, found in much of western Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/black_swan__Noun__1
written_rep: black swan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный ле́бедь | чёрный лебедь
sense_list:
Cygnus atratus, a swan with black plumage and a red bill which is endemic to Australia. [from c. 1700]


lexentry: eng/black_tea__Noun__1
written_rep: black tea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный чай
sense_list:
Tea leaves which have been "fermented" (actually, oxidized) before drying to enhance their flavour (cf. green tea).


lexentry: eng/black_tie__Noun__1
written_rep: black tie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: смокинг
sense_list:
(uncountable) Evening dress; a standard of dress which is less formal than white tie, consisting of black dinner jacket or tuxedo jacket, and matching trousers, white shirt and black bow tie or, possibly, military dress or national costume.


lexentry: eng/black_widow__Noun__1
written_rep: black widow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрная вдова́ | шахи́дка
sense_list:
Any of several species of venomous and potentially deadly spiders, particularly Latrodectus spp.. | A woman who kills one or more of her lovers. | A female suicide bomber, sometimes one intending to avenge her husband who was killed.


lexentry: eng/blackamoor__Noun__1
written_rep: blackamoor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мавр
sense_list:
(archaic, heraldry, now, offensive) A person with dark black skin, especially one from north Africa.


lexentry: eng/blackbird__Noun__1
written_rep: blackbird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный дрозд | дрозд
sense_list:
A common true thrush, Turdus merula, found in woods and gardens over much of Eurasia, and introduced elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/blackboard__Noun__1
written_rep: blackboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доска́ | [[школьный|шко́льная]] [[доска́]] | кла́ссная доска́
sense_list:
A large flat surface, finished with black slate or a similar material, that can be written upon with chalk and subsequently erased; a chalkboard.


lexentry: eng/blackbody__Noun__1
written_rep: blackbody
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрное те́ло
sense_list:
(physics) a theoretical body, approximated by a hole in a hollow black sphere, that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation and reflects none; it has a characteristic emission spectrum


lexentry: eng/blackhead__Noun__1
written_rep: blackhead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комедо́н | у́горь
sense_list:
(countable, medicine) A comedo, a skin blemish, a type of acne vulgaris, where a pore becomes clogged with a dark, hard, cheesy keratin-filled substance forming a hard black "head" on the skin's surface.


lexentry: eng/blackjack__Noun__1
written_rep: blackjack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блэкдже́к | двадцать один | очко́
sense_list:
(card games) A common gambling card game in casinos, where the object is to get as close to 21 without going over.


lexentry: eng/blackleg__Noun__1
written_rep: blackleg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрная но́жка
sense_list:
(uncountable, agriculture, veterinary medicine) A fatal cattle disease caused by the soil-borne bacterium Clostridium chauvoei; symptomatic anthrax. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/blackleg__Noun__1
written_rep: blackleg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: шу́лер
sense_list:
(countable) A person who cheats in a game; a cheater, especially a dishonest bookmaker. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/blacklist__Noun__1
written_rep: blacklist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный спи́сок
sense_list:
(legal, computing) A list or set of people or entities to be shunned or banned, disallowed or blocked.


lexentry: eng/blackout__Noun__1
written_rep: blackout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: затемне́ние | светомаскиро́вка
sense_list:
(historical) The mandatory blocking of all light emanating from buildings, as well as outdoor and street lighting as a measure against aerial bombing or naval attack, as imposed during, e.g., World War II.


lexentry: eng/blackshirt__Noun__1
written_rep: blackshirt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черноруба́шечник
sense_list:
(historical, chiefly, in the plural) A uniformed member of a paramilitary wing of the Italian Fascist Party.


lexentry: eng/blackthorn__Noun__1
written_rep: blackthorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тёрн | терно́вник
sense_list:
A large shrub or small tree, Prunus spinosa, that is native to Europe, western Asia, and north Africa. It has a dark bark and bears thorns.


lexentry: eng/bladder_cherry__Noun__1
written_rep: bladder cherry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физа́лис
sense_list:
A plant, Alkekengi officinarum (syn. Physalis alkekengi), having a bright paper-like covering over its fruit, native to southern Europe.


lexentry: eng/bladdernut__Noun__1
written_rep: bladdernut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клека́чка | стафи́лея
sense_list:
Any of several species of large shrubs or small trees, of the genus Staphylea, in the family Staphyleaceae


lexentry: eng/blade__Noun__1
written_rep: blade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ло́пасть | лопасть
sense_list:
The flat functional end or piece of a propeller, oar, hockey stick, chisel, screwdriver, skate, etc.


lexentry: eng/blade__Noun__1
written_rep: blade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 18
trans_list: крыло́ | лист | ло́пасть | трави́нка
sense_list:
(biology) The four large shell plates on the sides, and the five large ones of the middle, of the carapace of the sea turtle, which yield the best tortoise shell.


lexentry: eng/blade__Noun__1
written_rep: blade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 21
trans_list: кинжа́л | клино́к | ло́пасть | нож | перо́
sense_list:
(mathematics) An exterior product of vectors. (The product may have more than two factors. Also, a scalar counts as a 0-blade, a vector as a 1-blade; an exterior product of k vectors may be called a k-blade.)


lexentry: eng/blah__Interjection__1
written_rep: blah
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бла̀-бла̀-бла́
sense_list:
(When spoken repeatedly, often three times in succession: blah blah blah!) Imitative of idle, meaningless talk; used sometimes in a slightly derogatory manner to mock or downplay another's words, or to show disinterest in a diatribe, rant, instructions, unsolicited advice, parenting, etc. Also used when recalling and retelling another's words, as a substitute for the portions of the speech deemed irrelevant.


lexentry: eng/blame__Noun__1
written_rep: blame
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: вина́
sense_list:
(computing) A source control feature that can show which user was responsible for a particular portion of the source code.


lexentry: eng/blame__Verb__1
written_rep: blame
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вини́ть | обвини́ть | обвиня́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, usually followed by "for") To assert or consider that someone is the cause of something negative; to place blame, to attribute responsibility (for something negative or for doing something negative).


lexentry: eng/blank__Noun__1
written_rep: blank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: болва́нка | загото́вка
sense_list:
(archaic, historical, obsolete) A small French coin, originally of silver, afterwards of copper, worth 5 deniers; also a silver coin of Henry V current in the parts of France then held by the English, worth about 8 pence [15th–17th century]. | (mechanics, engineering) A piece of material roughly cut, forged, cast, etc. to the size and shape of the thing to be made, and ready for the finishing operations; (coining) the disc of metal before stamping [since the 16th century]. | A dash written in place of an omitted letter or word [since the 18th century]


lexentry: eng/blank_check__Noun__1
written_rep: blank check
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: незапо́лненный чек | чек на предъяви́теля
sense_list:
(US) A signed check of the type used to draw money from a bank account, containing no information as to the amount to be paid with it, so that any amount can be filled in.


lexentry: eng/blank_check__Noun__1
written_rep: blank check
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: карт-бла́нш
sense_list:
(US) A grant of complete authority to spend an unlimited amount of money, or to take other actions without restraint.


lexentry: eng/blank_verse__Noun__1
written_rep: blank verse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: белый стих
sense_list:
(poetry) A poetic form with regular meter, particularly iambic pentameter, but no fixed rhyme scheme.


lexentry: eng/blanket__Noun__1
written_rep: blanket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: одея́ло | покрыва́ло | одеяло
sense_list:
A heavy, loosely woven fabric, usually large and woollen, used for warmth while sleeping or resting.


lexentry: eng/blanket_party__Noun__1
written_rep: blanket party
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тёмная
sense_list:
A form of corporal punishment or hazing formerly common in militaries in which the victim is restrained with a blanket and beaten.


lexentry: eng/blasphemy__Noun__1
written_rep: blasphemy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: богоху́льство | кощу́нство
sense_list:
An act of irreverence or contempt toward a god or toward something considered sacred; an impious act, utterance, view, etc.


lexentry: eng/blast_furnace__Noun__1
written_rep: blast furnace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: до́мна
sense_list:
(metallurgy) As above, but specifically such a furnace where the fuel and the ore are intermixed, as for example when coke and iron ore are burned together.


lexentry: eng/blastpipe__Noun__1
written_rep: blastpipe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́нус | ко́нусное устро́йство
sense_list:
(mechanical engineering, rail transport) A pipe forming part of the exhaust system of a steam locomotive that discharges exhaust steam from the cylinders up into the smokebox beneath the chimney in order to increase the draught through the firebox; this speeds up the release of smoke through the chimney.


lexentry: eng/blat__Noun__1
written_rep: blat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блат
sense_list:
The Soviet system of connections and social relationships; one's social or business network (in Russian or Soviet society).


lexentry: eng/bleach__Noun__1
written_rep: bleach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отбе́ливатель | бели́льная и́звесть | бели́льный раство́р
sense_list:
(uncountable) A chemical, such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide, or a preparation of such a chemical, used for disinfecting or whitening.


lexentry: eng/bleach__Verb__1
written_rep: bleach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бели́ть | отбе́ливать | отбели́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To treat with bleach, especially so as to whiten (fabric, paper, etc.) or lighten (hair).


lexentry: eng/bleacher__Noun__1
written_rep: bleacher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: трибуны
sense_list:
(US, usually, in the plural) A stand of tiered planks used as seating for spectators, often outdoors.


lexentry: eng/bleaching_powder__Noun__1
written_rep: bleaching powder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хло́рная и́звесть
sense_list:
A white powder, a mixture of calcium hypochlorite and calcium chloride, prepared by the action of chlorine on calcium hydroxide, used as a strong bleaching agent and disinfectant. Formula: Ca(ClO)2.


lexentry: eng/bleat__Verb__1
written_rep: bleat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бле́ять
sense_list:
Of a sheep or goat, to make its characteristic cry; of a human, to mimic this sound. | (informal, derogatory) Of a person, to complain.


lexentry: eng/bleed_white__Verb__1
written_rep: bleed white
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вы́качать все де́ньги | обобра́ть до ни́тки
sense_list:
(transitive, figurative, informal) To cause life-threatening hardship through deprivation of essential resources.


lexentry: eng/bleeding_heart__Noun__1
written_rep: bleeding heart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дице́нтра великоле́пная | сердцецве́т великоле́пный
sense_list:
Lamprocapnos spectabilis (formerly Dicentra spectabilis), a popular garden plant with arching sprays of pendent red and white (or pure white) flowers.


lexentry: eng/bleep__Verb__1
written_rep: bleep
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: запикать | запикивать
sense_list:
(transitive) To edit out inappropriate spoken language in a broadcast by replacing offending words with bleeps.


lexentry: eng/blender__Noun__1
written_rep: blender
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бле́ндер | меша́лка | ми́ксер | смеси́тель
sense_list:
A machine with sharp rotating blades in a bowl, for mashing, crushing, or liquefying food ingredients.


lexentry: eng/blessed__Adjective__1
written_rep: blessed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: блаже́нный
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A title indicating the beatification of a person, thus allowing public veneration of those who have lived in sanctity or died as martyrs.


lexentry: eng/blight__Noun__1
written_rep: blight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ми́лдью | ожо́г
sense_list:
(pathology, dated) A diseased condition of the face or skin; specifically, bleeding under the conjunctiva of the eye, a form of skin rash, or a palsy of the face due to cold.


lexentry: eng/blight__Verb__1
written_rep: blight
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вреди́ть | разруша́ть
sense_list:
(figurative) To impede the development or growth of (an aspect of life); to damage, to ruin, to spoil.


lexentry: eng/blighter__Noun__1
written_rep: blighter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гад | мерзавец | негодяй
sense_list:
(UK, Irish, Commonwealth, often, disrespectful) A person, usually male, especially one who behaves in an objectionable or pitiable manner.


lexentry: eng/blind__Noun__1
written_rep: blind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: што́ры | жалюзи́ | марки́за | ставни
sense_list:
A movable covering for a window to keep out light, made of cloth or of narrow slats that can block light or allow it to pass.


lexentry: eng/blind_carbon_copy__Noun__1
written_rep: blind carbon copy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скрытая копия
sense_list:
(Internet) A copy of an email message that is sent to a person (often one of many) other than the primary recipient without the express knowledge of the other recipients.


lexentry: eng/blind_leading_the_blind__Phrase__1
written_rep: blind leading the blind
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: слепо́й ведёт слепо́го
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A situation in which an unqualified person is attempting to guide, advise, or train others.


lexentry: eng/blind_map__Noun__1
written_rep: blind map
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контурная карта | слепая карта
sense_list:
A map with political boundaries and major geographical features shown, but without names. Sometimes used for testing or training purposes.


lexentry: eng/blind_spot__Noun__1
written_rep: blind spot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: слепо́е пятно́
sense_list:
The place where the optic nerve attaches to the retina, and so where the retina cannot detect light; the portion of the visual field that corresponds to this site.


lexentry: eng/blind_spot__Noun__1
written_rep: blind spot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: слепа́я зо́на
sense_list:
(rail transport) The part of the railway/tramway track that cannot be seen in the side mirror or the side window.


lexentry: eng/blindage__Noun__1
written_rep: blindage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блинда́ж
sense_list:
(military) A cover or protection for an advanced trench or approach, formed of fascines and earth supported by a framework.


lexentry: eng/blinder__Noun__1
written_rep: blinder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: шо́ры
sense_list:
A bag or cloth put over the head of a difficult horse while it is being handled or mounted. | A screen attached to a horse's bridle preventing it from being able to see things to its side.


lexentry: eng/blini__Noun__1
written_rep: blini
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блин | блины́
sense_list:
A small pancake, of Russian origin, made from buckwheat flour; traditionally served with melted butter, sour cream and caviar or smoked salmon.


lexentry: eng/blink__Noun__1
written_rep: blink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: миг
sense_list:
(computing) A text formatting feature that causes text to disappear and reappear as a form of visual emphasis.


lexentry: eng/blink__Verb__1
written_rep: blink
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мига́ть | мигну́ть
sense_list:
To shine, especially with intermittent light; to twinkle; to flicker; to glimmer, as a lamp. | To send a signal with a lighting device.


lexentry: eng/blinker__Noun__1
written_rep: blinker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: шо́ры | нагла́зник | наглазник
sense_list:
Chiefly in the plural: a shield attached to the bridle of a horse or other domesticated animal to prevent it from seeing things behind it and to its side. | (slang) A black eye.


lexentry: eng/blinkers__Noun__2
written_rep: blinkers
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шо́ры
sense_list:
A pair of leather or rubber eye cups attached to a horse hood in order to impede the rear vision of racehorses and harness horses.


lexentry: eng/blip__Noun__1
written_rep: blip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: очко
sense_list:
(electronics) A small dot registered on electronic equipment, such as a radar or oscilloscope screen.


lexentry: eng/blister__Noun__1
written_rep: blister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: волды́рь | мозо́ль | нары́в
sense_list:
A small bubble between the layers of the skin that contains watery or bloody fluid and is caused by friction and pressure, burning, freezing, chemical irritation, disease, or infection.


lexentry: eng/blitzkrieg__Noun__1
written_rep: blitzkrieg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блицкри́г | молниено́сная война́
sense_list:
A fast military offensive, typically involving a large and highly mobile tank force with air support.


lexentry: eng/blizzard__Noun__1
written_rep: blizzard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бура́н | вью́га | мете́лица | мете́ль | пурга́ | сне́жная бу́ря
sense_list:
A large snowstorm accompanied by strong winds and greatly reduced visibility caused by blowing snow.


lexentry: eng/blob__Noun__1
written_rep: blob
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ком
sense_list:
A shapeless or amorphous mass; a vague shape or amount, especially of a liquid or semisolid substance; a clump, group or collection that lacks definite shape.


lexentry: eng/bloc__Noun__1
written_rep: bloc
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: блок
sense_list:
A group of countries acting together for political or economic goals, an alliance: e.g., the eastern bloc, the western bloc, a trading bloc, the Eurozone, the European Union.


lexentry: eng/block__Noun__1
written_rep: block
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блок
sense_list:
A set of sheets (of paper) joined together at one end, forming a cuboid shape. | A substantial, often approximately cuboid, piece of any substance. | (philately) A joined group of four (or in some cases nine) postage stamps, forming a roughly square shape. | (computing) A logical data storage unit containing one or more physical sectors. | (programming) A region of code in a program that acts as a single unit, such as a function or loop. | (sports) An action to interfere with the movement of an opposing player or of the object of play (ball, puck). | (volleyball) A defensive play by one or more players meant to deflect a spiked ball back to the hitter’s court.


lexentry: eng/block__Noun__1
written_rep: block
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плаха | коло́да | чурба́н
sense_list:
A case or frame housing one or more sheaves (pulleys), used with ropes to increase or redirect force, for example as part of lifting gear or a sailing ship's rigging. See also block and tackle. | A chopping block: a cuboid base for cutting or beheading.


lexentry: eng/block__Noun__1
written_rep: block
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: кварта́л
sense_list:
A contiguous group of urban lots of property, typically several acres in extent, not crossed by public streets. | The distance from one street to another in a city or suburb that is built (approximately) to a grid pattern.


lexentry: eng/block__Verb__1
written_rep: block
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: блоки́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To prevent (something or someone) from passing. | (transitive) To prevent (something from happening or someone from doing something).


lexentry: eng/block__Verb__1
written_rep: block
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: воспрепя́тствовать | препя́тствовать
sense_list:
(transitive, theater) To specify the positions and movements of the actors for (a section of a play or film).


lexentry: eng/block_and_tackle__Noun__1
written_rep: block and tackle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полиспа́ст | таль
sense_list:
A system in which a rope, cable, or chain (the tackle) is passed over pulleys enclosed in two (or rarely more) blocks, one fixed and one attached to a load, which is used to gain mechanical advantage to lift or pull heavy loads.


lexentry: eng/blockade__Noun__1
written_rep: blockade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: блока́да | блокада
sense_list:
(by extension) Any form of formal isolation or inhibition of something, especially with the force of law or arms.


lexentry: eng/blockbuster__Noun__1
written_rep: blockbuster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: блокба́стер
sense_list:
(informal) Something, such as a film or book, that sustains exceptional and widespread popularity and achieves enormous sales, as opposed to a box office bomb.


lexentry: eng/blockchain__Noun__1
written_rep: blockchain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блокче́йн
sense_list:
A shared record of past transactions in a distributed network, typically used for cryptocurrency. [from 2010s]


lexentry: eng/blocking__Noun__1
written_rep: blocking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: блоки́рование | блокиро́вка
sense_list:
The precise movement and positioning of actors in order to facilitate a performance (originally planned using miniature blocks).


lexentry: eng/blog__Noun__1
written_rep: blog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блог
sense_list:
(Internet) A website that allows users to reflect, share opinions, and discuss various topics in the form of an online journal, sometimes letting readers comment on their posts. Most blogs are written in a slightly informal tone (personal journals, news, businesses, etc.)


lexentry: eng/blogosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: blogosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блогосфе́ра | блогосфера
sense_list:
(Internet) The totality of blogs, especially the unique jargons, cultures and shared interests created by their interconnection. [1999]


lexentry: eng/bloke__Noun__1
written_rep: bloke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: мужи́к | тип | типо́к | челове́к | чува́к
sense_list:
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, informal) A fellow, a man; especially an ordinary man, a man on the street. [From 1847]


lexentry: eng/blood__Noun__1
written_rep: blood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кровь | ю́шка
sense_list:
A vital liquid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals that usually conveys nutrients and oxygen. In vertebrates, it is colored red by hemoglobin, is conveyed by arteries and veins, is pumped by the heart and is usually generated in bone marrow.


lexentry: eng/blood__Noun__1
written_rep: blood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кровь | род | родство́
sense_list:
A family relationship due to birth, such as that between siblings; contrasted with relationships due to marriage or adoption. See blood relative, blood relation.


lexentry: eng/blood_and_soil__Noun__1
written_rep: blood and soil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кровь и почва
sense_list:
A nationalist or Fascist ideology linking a particular ethnicity or heritage to a particular geographic region, as in the concept of Lebensraum (“living space”) in Nazi Germany or white nationalism in the United States.


lexentry: eng/blood_brother__Noun__1
written_rep: blood brother
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на́званый брат | побрати́м
sense_list:
An unrelated male considered to share a brother-like relationship established by a ceremonial sharing of blood in some cultures.


lexentry: eng/blood_cell__Noun__1
written_rep: blood cell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гематоци́т | кровяна́я кле́тка
sense_list:
(hematology, cytology) Any of the cells normally found in blood, namely erythrocytes and leukocytes, sometimes including the platelets.


lexentry: eng/blood_clot__Noun__1
written_rep: blood clot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тромб
sense_list:
(hematology, pathology) A clot formed from platelets and other elements; that forms in a blood vessel in a living organism, and causes thrombosis or obstruction of the vessel at its point of formation or travel to other areas of the body.


lexentry: eng/blood_is_thicker_than_water__Proverb__1
written_rep: blood is thicker than water
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кровь людска́я — не води́ца | кровь — не води́ца
sense_list:
(family, idiomatic) Family relations and loyalties are stronger than relationships with people who are not family members.


lexentry: eng/blood_plasma__Noun__1
written_rep: blood plasma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плазма крови
sense_list:
(hematology) The clear fluid portion of blood in which the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are suspended; forms serum upon clotting.


lexentry: eng/blood_poisoning__Noun__1
written_rep: blood poisoning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зараже́ние кро́ви
sense_list:
(pathology) The presence in the bloodstream of microorganisms or their toxins in sufficient quantity to cause serious illness; sepsis or septicemia.


lexentry: eng/blood_pressure__Noun__1
written_rep: blood pressure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: артериа́льное давле́ние | давле́ние кро́ви | кровяно́е давле́ние
sense_list:
The pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries and veins; it varies during the heartbeat cycle, and according to a person's age, health and physical condition.


lexentry: eng/blood_test__Noun__1
written_rep: blood test
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ана́лиз кро́ви | биохимический анализ крови
sense_list:
(medicine, hematology) A laboratory analysis performed on a blood sample that is usually extracted from a vein in the arm using a hypodermic needle, or by fingerprick.


lexentry: eng/blood_transfusion__Noun__1
written_rep: blood transfusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гемотрансфу́зия | перелива́ние кро́ви | трансфу́зия
sense_list:
(medicine) The process of transferring blood products into a person's circulation intravenously. | (figurative, uncommon) A refreshing or reinvigoration of something.


lexentry: eng/blood_type__Noun__1
written_rep: blood type
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гру́ппа кро́ви
sense_list:
Any classification of human blood by the presence or absence of various antigens in a person’s red blood cells. | One of eight possible classifications within the ABO and Rh blood group systems, commonly used to determine a person's compatibility for blood transfusion.


lexentry: eng/blood_vessel__Noun__1
written_rep: blood vessel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кровено́сный сосу́д | кровеносный сосуд
sense_list:
(anatomy) A component of the circulatory system, such as an artery, capillary, or vein, that carries blood.


lexentry: eng/bloodhound__Noun__1
written_rep: bloodhound
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ище́йка
sense_list:
A large scenthound famed for its ability to follow a scent many days old, over vast distances. This dog is often used as a police dog to track missing people, fleeing suspects, or escaped prisoners.


lexentry: eng/bloodletting__Noun__1
written_rep: bloodletting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кровопуска́ние
sense_list:
(historical, medicine) The archaic practice of treating illness by removing some blood, believed to be tainted, from the stricken person.


lexentry: eng/bloodletting__Noun__1
written_rep: bloodletting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: кровопроли́тие
sense_list:
A circumstance, such as a battle, where a large amount of blood is likely to be spilled through violence.


lexentry: eng/bloodlust__Noun__1
written_rep: bloodlust
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жа́жда крови | кровожа́дность
sense_list:
A desire for bloodshed and carnage, often aroused in the heat of battle and leading to uncontrolled slaughter and torture.


lexentry: eng/bloodroot__Noun__1
written_rep: bloodroot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: во́лчья стопа́ | лапча́тка
sense_list:
A North American plant, Sanguinaria canadensis, of the poppy family, which has a red root and sap and a single white flower in early spring.


lexentry: eng/bloodsucker__Noun__1
written_rep: bloodsucker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кровопи́йца | кровосо́с
sense_list:
An animal that drinks the blood of others, especially by sucking blood through a puncture wound; a hemovore.


lexentry: eng/bloody_mary__Noun__1
written_rep: bloody mary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Крова́вая Мэ́ри
sense_list:
A cocktail made from vodka, tomato juice, and usually other spices or flavorings, such as Worcestershire sauce, Tabasco sauce, beef consommé or bouillon, horseradish, celery or celery salt, salt, black pepper, cayenne pepper, and lemon juice.


lexentry: eng/bloom__Noun__1
written_rep: bloom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: расцве́т | цвет | цвете́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The opening of flowers in general; the state of blossoming or of having the flowers open.


lexentry: eng/bloom__Noun__1
written_rep: bloom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: расцве́т | цвет
sense_list:
(figuratively) A state or time of beauty, freshness, and vigor; an opening to higher perfection, analogous to that of buds into blossoms.


lexentry: eng/blooming__Adjective__1
written_rep: blooming
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: преуспева́ющий | процвета́ющий | цвету́щий
sense_list:
Thriving in health, beauty, and vigor, vigour; indicating the freshness and beauties of youth or health.


lexentry: eng/blooper__Noun__1
written_rep: blooper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: киноляп | неудачный дубль
sense_list:
(film, informal) A filmed or videotaped outtake that has recorded an amusing accident and/or mistake.


lexentry: eng/blossom__Noun__1
written_rep: blossom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цвето́к
sense_list:
A flower, especially one indicating that a fruit tree is fruiting; (collectively) a mass of such flowers.


lexentry: eng/blouse__Noun__1
written_rep: blouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: блу́за | блу́зка
sense_list:
(fashion) A shirt for women or girls, particularly a shirt with buttons and often a collar; a dress shirt tailored for women.


lexentry: eng/blow__Verb__1
written_rep: blow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сдува́ть | сдуть
sense_list:
(transitive) To propel by an air current (or, if under water, a water current), usually with the mouth.


lexentry: eng/blow__Verb__1
written_rep: blow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: дуть
sense_list:
(transitive) To force a current of air upon with the mouth, or by other means. | (transitive) To cause to make sound by blowing, as a musical instrument. | (intransitive, of a cetacean) To exhale visibly through the spout the seawater which it has taken in while feeding.


lexentry: eng/blow__Verb__1
written_rep: blow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 12
trans_list: взорвать | взрывать
sense_list:
(transitive, with "up", or, with prep phrase headed by "to") To cause to explode, shatter, or be utterly destroyed. | (transitive) To put out of breath; to cause to blow from fatigue.


lexentry: eng/blow_hot_and_cold__Verb__1
written_rep: blow hot and cold
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: семь пя́тниц на неде́ле
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To behave inconsistently; to vacillate or to waver, as between extremes of opinion or emotion.


lexentry: eng/blow_off_steam__Verb__1
written_rep: blow off steam
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: спусти́ть пар
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To vent; to talk or take action (especially in a ranting or unrestrained way) so as to relieve stress.


lexentry: eng/blow_one's_nose__Verb__1
written_rep: blow one's nose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[вы́сморкать]] нос | [[сморка́ть]] нос | вы́сморкаться | сморка́ться | сморкну́ться
sense_list:
To expel mucus or other matter from one's nasal passages, via one's nostril, by force of lung power.


lexentry: eng/blow_the_whistle__Verb__1
written_rep: blow the whistle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ябедничать
sense_list:
(idiomatic, usually, with "on") To disclose information to the public or to appropriate authorities concerning the illegal or socially harmful actions of a person or group, especially a corporation or government agency.


lexentry: eng/blow_up__Verb__1
written_rep: blow up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: взорва́ть | взорва́ться | взрыва́ть | взрыва́ться
sense_list:
(transitive, also, _, metaphorically) To cause (something or someone) to explode, or to destroy (something) or maim or kill (someone) by means of an explosion.


lexentry: eng/blowback__Noun__1
written_rep: blowback
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обратный удар
sense_list:
(firearms) A type of action where the pressure from the fired cartridge blows a sliding mechanism backward to extract the fired cartridge, chamber another cartridge, and cock the hammer.


lexentry: eng/blowfish__Noun__1
written_rep: blowfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иглобрю́хая ры́ба | ры́ба-соба́ка
sense_list:
Any species of fish of the family Tetraodontidae that have the ability to inflate themselves to a globe several times their normal size by swallowing water or air when threatened.


lexentry: eng/blowfish__Noun__1
written_rep: blowfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фу́гу
sense_list:
A delicacy popular in Japan, consisting of the fish served raw as sushi or perhaps fried. It may, if improperly prepared, contain considerably deadly levels of neurotoxins.


lexentry: eng/blowfly__Noun__1
written_rep: blowfly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мясна́я му́ха
sense_list:
Any of various flies of the family Calliphoridae that lay their eggs in rotting meat, dung, or open wounds.


lexentry: eng/blowhard__Noun__1
written_rep: blowhard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: трепло́ | хвасту́н | хвасту́нья
sense_list:
(Canada, US, derogatory) A person who talks too much or too loudly, especially in a boastful or self-important manner. [from c. 1840]


lexentry: eng/blowtorch__Noun__1
written_rep: blowtorch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пая́льная ла́мпа
sense_list:
A tool which projects a controlled stream of a highly flammable gas over a spark in order to produce a controlled flame.


lexentry: eng/blubber__Noun__1
written_rep: blubber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: во́рвань
sense_list:
The thick coat of fat worn by many Arctic animals, such as sea lions, and Antarctic animals, such as penguins; used to insulate warmth in the animal's body.


lexentry: eng/bludge__Verb__1
written_rep: bludge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: тунеядствовать
sense_list:
(Australia, New Zealand, slang) To not earn one's keep, to live off someone else or off welfare when one could be working.


lexentry: eng/blue-eyed_boy__Noun__1
written_rep: blue-eyed boy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: люби́мчик
sense_list:
(idiomatic, informal, usually, derogatory) The favorite, especially a young one, especially of someone in power; a fair-haired boy (US), (Australian)


lexentry: eng/blue-sky_thinking__Noun__1
written_rep: blue-sky thinking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: витать в облаках
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Thinking that is not grounded or in touch with the realities of the present; open-minded thinking.


lexentry: eng/blue_bonnet__Noun__1
written_rep: blue bonnet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: люпи́н
sense_list:
Any of several blue flowering plants, especially cornflower, Centaurea cyanus, and plants of the genus Scabiosa. [from 18th c.] | (especially, US) Any of several North American species of Lupinus common in the southwestern US, especially Lupinus texensis and Lupinus subcarnosus. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/blue_card__Noun__1
written_rep: blue card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блюка́рд | блюка́рта | голуба́я ка́рта | си́няя ка́рта
sense_list:
p. 2009, An EU-wide work permit allowing high-skilled non-EU citizens to work and live in any country within the European Union, excluding Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom, which are not subject to the proposal.


lexentry: eng/blue_fox__Noun__1
written_rep: blue fox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голубо́й песе́ц
sense_list:
A variant of arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), raised in captivity because of its bluish grey-winter fur.


lexentry: eng/blue_giant__Noun__1
written_rep: blue giant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голубо́й гига́нт
sense_list:
(star) a very hot and very luminous star that emits visible light in the blue portion of the spectrum


lexentry: eng/blue_hour__Noun__1
written_rep: blue hour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: режи́мное вре́мя | режимное время
sense_list:
The period of twilight when the Sun is approximately 4-8° below the horizon and the sky is within a range of blue colors.


lexentry: eng/blue_jay__Noun__1
written_rep: blue jay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: североамерика́нская голуба́я со́йка
sense_list:
Any of species Cyanocitta cristata of North American jays with blue feathering from the top of its head to midway down its back.


lexentry: eng/blue_mussel__Noun__1
written_rep: blue mussel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ми́дия съедо́бная | ми́дия
sense_list:
A medium-sized edible mussel, Mytilus edulis, found on the North Atlantic coast of North America, Europe, and in other temperate and polar waters around the world.


lexentry: eng/blue_rock_thrush__Noun__1
written_rep: blue rock thrush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: си́ний ка́менный дрозд
sense_list:
Monticola solitarius, a thrush-like flycatcher found in southern Europe, northern Africa and parts of Asia


lexentry: eng/blue_screen_of_death__Noun__1
written_rep: blue screen of death
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голубо́й экра́н сме́рти | си́ний экра́н сме́рти
sense_list:
(computing, informal) An error screen displayed by some operating systems, especially Microsoft Windows, after encountering an unrecoverable error which causes the system to shut down.


lexentry: eng/blue_tit__Noun__1
written_rep: blue tit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лазо́ревка | лазоревка
sense_list:
A bird of species Cyanistes caeruleus of tits in family Paridae, with an azure blue crown and dark blue line passing through the eye and encircling the white cheeks to the chin.


lexentry: eng/blue_wildebeest__Noun__1
written_rep: blue wildebeest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голубо́й гну | полоса́тый гну
sense_list:
A large ungulate mammal of the bovid family and one of two species of wildebeest, (Connochaetes taurinus)


lexentry: eng/bluebell__Noun__1
written_rep: bluebell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колоко́льчик
sense_list:
Scottish bluebell (harebell) (Campanula rotundifolia) | Various flowering plants with blue, usually pendulous, flowers.


lexentry: eng/blueberry__Noun__1
written_rep: blueberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черни́ка | голуби́ка
sense_list:
(countable) An edible round berry, belonging to the cowberry group (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus), with flared crowns at the end, that turns blue on ripening. | (countable) The shrub of the above-mentioned berry. | (countable, and, uncountable) A dark blue colour.


lexentry: eng/bluebird__Noun__1
written_rep: bluebird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: синеше́йка
sense_list:
Any of various North American birds of the genus Sialia in the thrush family. Their plumage is blue or blue and red.


lexentry: eng/bluebottle__Noun__1
written_rep: bluebottle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тру́пная му́ха
sense_list:
Any of various blowflies of the genus Calliphora that have an iridescent metallic-blue body and make a loud buzzing noise when flying.


lexentry: eng/bluegrass__Noun__2
written_rep: bluegrass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блюграсс
sense_list:
(music, uncountable) A subgenre of country music with roots in Scots-Irish Appalachian folk music, blues, and jazz and characterized by banjos, fiddles, acoustic guitars, dobros, and mandolins; but containing no drums, electric guitars, pianos or other keyboard or wind instruments.


lexentry: eng/blueprint__Noun__1
written_rep: blueprint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диазогра́фия | диазоти́пия
sense_list:
A type of paper-based reproduction process producing white-on-blue images, used primarily for technical and architecture's drawings, now largely replaced by other technologies.


lexentry: eng/blueprint__Noun__1
written_rep: blueprint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: план | прое́кт | чертёж
sense_list:
(architecture, engineering, by extension) A detailed technical drawing (now often in some electronically storable and transmissible form).


lexentry: eng/blues__Noun__2
written_rep: blues
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: блюз
sense_list:
(music genre) A musical form, African-American in origin, generally featuring an eight-bar or twelve-bar blues structure and using the blues scale. | (music, always singular) A musical composition following blues forms.


lexentry: eng/blueshift__Noun__1
written_rep: blueshift
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голубо́е смеще́ние
sense_list:
(physics) A change in the wavelength of light, in which the wavelength is shorter than when it was emitted at the source.


lexentry: eng/bluethroat__Noun__1
written_rep: bluethroat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вара́кушка | варакушка
sense_list:
A small Old World passerine bird, of species Luscinia svecica, the male in spring having a bright blue throat.


lexentry: eng/bluetongue__Noun__1
written_rep: bluetongue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: катара́льная лихора́дка
sense_list:
(uncountable) A disease of ruminants, caused by Bluetongue virus of the genus Orbivirus, carried by mosquitos, midges etc. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/bluff__Noun__1
written_rep: bluff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блеф
sense_list:
(countable, or, uncountable) An act of bluffing; a false expression of the strength of one’s position in order to intimidate or deceive; braggadocio. | (poker, countable, or, uncountable) An attempt to represent oneself as holding a stronger hand than one actually does.


lexentry: eng/bluff__Noun__2
written_rep: bluff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обры́в | отве́сный бе́рег | утёс
sense_list:
A high, steep bank, for example by a river or the sea, or beside a ravine or plain; a cliff with a broad face.


lexentry: eng/blunderbuss__Noun__1
written_rep: blunderbuss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мушкето́н
sense_list:
An old style of muzzleloading firearm and early form of shotgun with a distinctive short, large caliber barrel that is flared at the muzzle, therefore able to fire scattered quantities of nails, stones, shot, etc. at short range.


lexentry: eng/blunt-nosed_viper__Noun__1
written_rep: blunt-nosed viper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гюрза́
sense_list:
A venomous viper, Macrovipera lebetinus, found in North Africa, much of the Middle East, and as far east as Kashmir.


lexentry: eng/blurt__Verb__1
written_rep: blurt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бря́кнуть | вы́палить | проба́лтываться | проболта́ться | прогова́риваться | проговори́ться
sense_list:
To utter suddenly and unadvisedly; to speak quickly or without thought; to divulge inconsiderately — commonly with out.


lexentry: eng/blush__Noun__1
written_rep: blush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[кра́ска]] [[стыд|стыда́]] | покрасне́ние | румя́нец
sense_list:
An act of blushing; a pink or red glow on the face caused by embarrassment, shame, shyness, love, etc.


