# translation

lexentry: eng/hemisphere__Noun__1
written_rep: hemisphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гемисфе́ра | полусфе́ра | полуша́рие
sense_list:
(geography) Half of the Earth, such as the Northern Hemisphere, Southern Hemisphere, Western Hemisphere or Eastern Hemisphere, Land Hemisphere, Water Hemisphere etc. [1550s].


lexentry: eng/hemlock__Noun__1
written_rep: hemlock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: тсу́га
sense_list:
Any of several coniferous trees, of the genus Tsuga, that grow in North America; the wood of such trees. [from 1670]


lexentry: eng/hemocyanin__Noun__1
written_rep: hemocyanin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гемоциани́н
sense_list:
(biochemistry) a blue copper-containing respiratory pigment (a metalloprotein) found in most molluscs, and some arthropods


lexentry: eng/hemodialysis__Noun__1
written_rep: hemodialysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гемодиа́лиз
sense_list:
(medicine) Dialysis that uses an extracorporeal apparatus to remove waste products from the blood in the case of kidney failure.


lexentry: eng/hemoglobin__Noun__1
written_rep: hemoglobin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гемоглоби́н | гемоглобин
sense_list:
(American spelling) The iron-containing substance in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body; it consists of a protein (globulin), and haem (a porphyrin ring with an atom of iron at its centre).


lexentry: eng/hemolysis__Noun__1
written_rep: hemolysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гемолиз
sense_list:
(medicine) The destruction of red blood cells, and subsequent release of hemoglobin, at the normal end of the cell's life.


lexentry: eng/hemorrhoid__Noun__1
written_rep: hemorrhoid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: геморро́й | геморроида́льный у́зел
sense_list:
(pathology, often, in the plural) An engorged, dilated and easily broken varicosity in the perianal area, often accompanied by intense itching and throbbing pain: piles.


lexentry: eng/hemostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: hemostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гемостаз
sense_list:
(medicine, countable, uncountable) The process of keeping blood inside a damaged vessel to stop bleeding.


lexentry: eng/henbane__Noun__1
written_rep: henbane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: белена́ | белена
sense_list:
A poisonous plant, Hyoscyamus niger, used sometimes as a drug that causes at least hallucinations, dilated pupils, restlessness, and flushed skin.


lexentry: eng/hendiadys__Noun__1
written_rep: hendiadys
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гендиа́дис
sense_list:
(rhetoric) A figure of speech used for emphasis, where two words joined by and are used to express a single complex idea.


lexentry: eng/henna__Noun__1
written_rep: henna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хна
sense_list:
(countable) A shrub, Lawsonia inermis, having fragrant reddish flowers | (countable, uncountable) A reddish plant substance, prepared from the dried leaves of this plant, used for temporary tattoos and hair coloring. Hair colorings range from bright red to earth brown to near black. | (countable, and, uncountable) A rich reddish-brown colour.


lexentry: eng/hennin__Noun__1
written_rep: hennin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: атур
sense_list:
(historical) A headdress in the shape of a cone, "steeple" or truncated cone worn by European women of the nobility in medieval times.


lexentry: eng/henpecked__Adjective__1
written_rep: henpecked
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: под башмако́м | под каблуко́м | подкаблу́чник
sense_list:
(particularly of husbands or boyfriends) Intimidated or overwhelmed by a nagging or overbearing matriarch, wife, or girlfriend.


lexentry: eng/henry__Noun__1
written_rep: henry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ге́нри | генри
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of electrical inductance; the inductance induced in a circuit by a rate of change of current of one ampere per second and a resulting electromotive force of one volt. Symbol: H


lexentry: eng/hentai__Noun__1
written_rep: hentai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хента́й | хентай
sense_list:
(Japanese pornography) A work of anime or manga (or any similar medium) that contains heavily sexual or pornographic art.


lexentry: eng/heparin__Noun__1
written_rep: heparin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гепари́н
sense_list:
(carbohydrate, pharmaceutical drug) A compound occurring in the liver and other tissues which inhibits blood coagulation. A sulfur-containing polysaccharide, it is used as an anticoagulant in the treatment of thrombosis.


lexentry: eng/heptane__Noun__1
written_rep: heptane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гепта́н | гептан
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of the nine isomers of the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon C7H16, obtained from petroleum, especially n-heptane (CH3(CH2)5CH3)


lexentry: eng/heptathlon__Noun__1
written_rep: heptathlon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: семиборье
sense_list:
(athletics) An athletic contest comprising seven events; contested mostly by women, for whom this is an Olympic sport.


lexentry: eng/her__Determiner__1
written_rep: her
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: её
sense_list:
Belonging to her (belonging to that female person or animal, or in poetic or old-fashioned language that ship, city, season, etc).


lexentry: eng/her__Pronoun__1
written_rep: her
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: её | ей | она́
sense_list:
The form of she used after a preposition, as the object of a verb, or (colloquial) as a subject with a conjunction; that woman, that ship, etc, or (dialect) as a subject without a conjunction.


lexentry: eng/herald__Noun__1
written_rep: herald
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: герольд
sense_list:
(heraldry) An official whose speciality is heraldry, especially one between the ranks of pursuivant and king-of-arms


lexentry: eng/heraldry__Noun__1
written_rep: heraldry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гера́льдика | геральдика
sense_list:
(uncountable) The profession or art of devising, granting and blazoning coats of arms, tracing genealogies and ruling on questions of protocol or rank.


lexentry: eng/herbal_tea__Noun__1
written_rep: herbal tea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отва́р из трав | травяно́й чай | фиточа́й | цвето́чный чай
sense_list:
A beverage made by infusing mainly the leaves (and sometimes the flowers, roots, or stems) of various herbs or other plants, generally not including true tea (Camellia sinensis).


lexentry: eng/herbivore__Noun__1
written_rep: herbivore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: травоя́дное живо́тное | фитофа́г
sense_list:
An organism that feeds chiefly on plants; an animal that feeds on herbage or vegetation as the main part of its diet.


lexentry: eng/herd__Noun__1
written_rep: herd
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ста́до | табу́н
sense_list:
A number of domestic animals assembled together under the watch or ownership of a keeper. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/herd_immunity__Noun__1
written_rep: herd immunity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллекти́вный иммуните́т | популяционный иммунитет
sense_list:
(epidemiology) The indirect protection against the spread of a contagious disease in a given population caused by the immunity of a significant proportion of the population to that particular disease; the immunity may have been obtained through having survived the infection or through vaccination. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/herding_dog__Noun__1
written_rep: herding dog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: овча́рка
sense_list:
A dog, such as the various shepherd breeds, that are bred for working cattle, sheep, or other livestock.


lexentry: eng/herdsman__Noun__1
written_rep: herdsman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пасту́х
sense_list:
A person who tends livestock, especially cows and sheep; especially, the foreman among a group of such farmworkers, usually with more knowledge and experience.


lexentry: eng/here_you_are__Phrase__1
written_rep: here you are
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: держать | изволить | на | на́те | пожа́луйста | просить
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Said when handing something over to someone or doing a favour to them, usually to draw the recipient's attention to the exchange; equivalent to “thank you” when receiving something.


lexentry: eng/hereditary__Adjective__1
written_rep: hereditary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: насле́дственный
sense_list:
Passed on as an inheritance, by last will or intestate. | Of a title, honor or right: legally granted to somebody's descendant after that person's death. | Of a person: holding a legally hereditary title or rank. | Of a disease or trait: passed from a parent to offspring in the genes.


lexentry: eng/heredity__Noun__1
written_rep: heredity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: насле́дственность
sense_list:
Hereditary transmission of the physical and genetic qualities of parents to their offspring; the biological law by which living beings tend to repeat their characteristics in their descendants.


lexentry: eng/heresiarch__Noun__1
written_rep: heresiarch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ересиарх
sense_list:
(religion) The founder of a heresy, or a major ecclesiastical proponent of such a heresy. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/heresy__Noun__1
written_rep: heresy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: е́ресь | ересь
sense_list:
(religion) A doctrine held by a member of a religion at variance or conflict with established religious beliefs. | (by extension) A controversial or unorthodox opinion held by a member of a group, as in politics, philosophy or science.


lexentry: eng/heritability__Noun__1
written_rep: heritability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: наследуемость
sense_list:
(countable, genetics) The ratio of the genetic variance of a population to its phenotypic variance; i.e. the proportion of variability that is genetic in origin


lexentry: eng/heritage__Noun__1
written_rep: heritage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: насле́дие | наследие
sense_list:
A tradition; a practice or set of values that is passed down from preceding generations through families or through institutional memory.


lexentry: eng/heritage_interpretation__Noun__1
written_rep: heritage interpretation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медиация
sense_list:
(museology, education) The practice and discipline of explaining natural and cultural heritage, used in museums, zoos, historic sites, galleries, etc.


lexentry: eng/hermaphrodite__Noun__1
written_rep: hermaphrodite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: гермафроди́т
sense_list:
(WWI, _, military, historical) An armoured fighting vehicle having features of both male tanks and female tanks.


lexentry: eng/hermaphroditism__Noun__1
written_rep: hermaphroditism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гермафродити́зм
sense_list:
(biology) The condition of an organism that is able to reproduce as both male and female, either simultaneously (simultaneous hermaphroditism or cosexuality) or sequentially (sequential hermaphroditism or dichogamy).


lexentry: eng/hermeneutics__Noun__1
written_rep: hermeneutics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гермене́втика | герменевтика
sense_list:
The study of interpretation, particularly concerning texts, meaning, and understanding. It originates from classical exegesis but was significantly developed in the modern period, especially in relation to phenomenology and existentialism. At its core, hermeneutics addresses the conditions of understanding and the processes by which meaning is constructed.


lexentry: eng/hermetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hermetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: герметичный
sense_list:
(chiefly, capitalized) Pertaining to Hermes Trismegistus or the writings attributed to him. | Isolated, away from outside influence.


lexentry: eng/hermit__Noun__1
written_rep: hermit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: затво́рник | отше́льник
sense_list:
A religious recluse; someone who lives alone for religious reasons; an eremite. | A recluse; someone who lives alone and shuns human companionship.


lexentry: eng/hermit_crab__Noun__1
written_rep: hermit crab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рак-отше́льник | рак-отшельник
sense_list:
A decapod crustacean (not a true crab) from the superfamily Paguroidea, which salvages empty seashells or other portable objects to permanently shelter and protect its soft abdomen.


lexentry: eng/hernia__Noun__1
written_rep: hernia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гры́жа | грыжа
sense_list:
(diseases) A disorder in which a part of the body protrudes abnormally through a tear or opening in an adjacent part, especially of the abdomen.


lexentry: eng/hero__Verb__1
written_rep: hero
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (informal, intransitive) To act as a hero (brave person; role model; or protagonist).
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
геро́й | [[гла́вный]] [[геро́й]] | [[главный|гла́вная]] [[герои́ня]] | авата́р | герои́ня | персона́ж


lexentry: eng/heroin__Noun__1
written_rep: heroin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: герои́н | героин
sense_list:
A powerful and addictive drug derived from opium producing intense euphoria, classed as an illegal narcotic in most of the world. [from late 19th century]


lexentry: eng/heroism__Noun__1
written_rep: heroism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: геро́йство | герои́зм | героизм
sense_list:
The qualities characteristic of a hero, such as courage, bravery, fortitude, selflessness, etc.; the display of such qualities.


lexentry: eng/herpes__Noun__1
written_rep: herpes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ге́рпес | лиша́й
sense_list:
(medicine) A viral infection, caused by Human alphaherpesvirus 1 and Human alphaherpesvirus 2, marked by painful, watery blisters in the skin or in the mucous membranes or on the genitals.


lexentry: eng/herpes_simplex__Noun__1
written_rep: herpes simplex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: просто́й ге́рпес
sense_list:
(pathology) A viral disease caused by Human herpesvirus 1 or Human herpesvirus 2 in genus Simplexvirus.


lexentry: eng/herring__Noun__1
written_rep: herring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сельдь | селёдка
sense_list:
Those fish and any other fish similar to those in genus Clupea, many of those in the order Clupeiformes.


lexentry: eng/hers__Pronoun__1
written_rep: hers
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: её
sense_list:
That or those belonging to her; the possessive case of she, used without a following noun. [from 12th c.]


lexentry: eng/herself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: herself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: себя́
sense_list:
(reflexive pronoun) Her; the female object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject.


lexentry: eng/herself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: herself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сама́
sense_list:
(emphatic) She; an intensifier of the female subject or object, often used to indicate the directness or exclusiveness of that person .


lexentry: eng/hertz__Noun__1
written_rep: hertz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: герц
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of frequency; one (period or cycle of any periodic event) per second. Symbol: Hz


lexentry: eng/hesitate__Verb__1
written_rep: hesitate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колеба́ться | ме́длить | сомнева́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To stop or pause respecting decision or action; to be in suspense or uncertainty as to a determination.


lexentry: eng/hesperidium__Noun__1
written_rep: hesperidium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гесперидий
sense_list:
Any of several kinds of true berries, including citrus fruit such as the lemon and lime, which have pulpy interiors and leathery skins containing aromatic oils.


lexentry: eng/hetaera__Noun__1
written_rep: hetaera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гете́ра
sense_list:
(historical, Ancient Greece) A highly cultivated hired female companion who would entertain upper-class male clients and might perform sex acts for them.


lexentry: eng/heterochromia__Noun__1
written_rep: heterochromia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гетерохроми́я
sense_list:
(medicine, ophthalmology) An anatomical condition in which multiple pigmentations or colorings occur in the eyes, skin or hair.


lexentry: eng/heteroclite__Adjective__1
written_rep: heteroclite
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разнородный
sense_list:
(grammar) Irregularly declined or inflected. | (dated) Deviating from the ordinary rule; eccentric, abnormal.


lexentry: eng/heterodox__Adjective__1
written_rep: heterodox
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неортодокса́льный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to creeds, beliefs, or teachings, especially religious ones, that are different from what a religion (or sect) believes to be orthodox, but (usually) not conflicting with that religion's established beliefs and therefore not heretical.


lexentry: eng/heteronormativity__Noun__1
written_rep: heteronormativity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гетеронормати́вность | гетеронормативность
sense_list:
The assumption that all human beings are either male or female in both sex and gender, and that sexual and romantic attraction and activity only occurs, or is only normal, between people of different sexes.


lexentry: eng/heteronym__Noun__1
written_rep: heteronym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гетеро́ним | омо́граф
sense_list:
(linguistics) A word having the same spelling as another but a different meaning, and, often, a different pronunciation.


lexentry: eng/heteronym__Noun__1
written_rep: heteronym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гетеро́ним
sense_list:
(literature) A fictitious character created by an author for the purpose of writing in a different style.


lexentry: eng/heterosexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: heterosexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гетеросексуа́льность | гетеросексуализм
sense_list:
The state of being sexually and romantically attracted primarily or exclusively to persons of the opposite sex. | Sexual activity with a person of the opposite sex.


lexentry: eng/heterosis__Noun__1
written_rep: heterosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гетеро́зис
sense_list:
(genetics) The tendency of cross-breeding to produce an animal or plant with a greater hardiness than its parents; hybrid vigour.


lexentry: eng/heterotroph__Noun__1
written_rep: heterotroph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потребитель
sense_list:
(ecology) An organism which requires an external supply of energy and nutrients under the form of food containing organic carbon as it cannot synthesize its own.


lexentry: eng/heuristic__Adjective__1
written_rep: heuristic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эвристи́ческий
sense_list:
(of an approach to problem solving, learning, or discovery) That employs a practical method not guaranteed to be optimal or perfect; either not following or derived from any theory, or based on an advisedly oversimplified one. [from 1821]


lexentry: eng/hexadecimal__Noun__1
written_rep: hexadecimal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шестнадцатери́чная систе́ма
sense_list:
(arithmetic, computing, uncountable) A number system with base sixteen, using the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E and F, most used in computing as a hexadecimal digit can represent four bits, half a standard byte, and thus a single byte can be represented conveniently with two digits.


lexentry: eng/hexameter__Noun__1
written_rep: hexameter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гекза́метр
sense_list:
(countable) A line in a poem having six metrical feet. | (uncountable) A poetic metre in which each line has six feet.


lexentry: eng/hexamethylenediamine__Noun__1
written_rep: hexamethylenediamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гексаметилендиамин
sense_list:
(organic compound) A compound with chemical formula H2N(CH2)6NH2, a colourless solid with a strong amine odour, used in the production of polymers.


lexentry: eng/hexane__Noun__1
written_rep: hexane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гекса́н | гексан
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of five isomeric aliphatic hydrocarbons, C6H14. They are colorless, volatile liquids.


lexentry: eng/hiatus__Noun__1
written_rep: hiatus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: зия́ние | хиа́тус
sense_list:
(linguistics, uncountable) A syllable break between two vowels, without an intervening consonant. (Compare diphthong.)


lexentry: eng/hibernate__Verb__1
written_rep: hibernate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зимова́ть | перезимова́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive, biology) To spend the winter in a dormant or inactive state of minimal activity, low body temperature, slow breathing and heart rate, and low metabolic rate; to go through a winter sleep.


lexentry: eng/hibernation__Noun__1
written_rep: hibernation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиберна́ция | зи́мняя спя́чка | спя́чка
sense_list:
(biology, sleep) A state of minimum power consumption, inactivity and metabolic depression in some animals during winter.


lexentry: eng/hibiscus__Noun__1
written_rep: hibiscus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиби́скус
sense_list:
A flowering plant of the genus Hibiscus, especially Hibiscus syriacus, found in tropical to temperate regions, of some species used for making infusions/tea.


lexentry: eng/hiccup__Noun__1
written_rep: hiccup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ико́та | икота
sense_list:
A case of the hiccups; the condition of having the spasms of hiccupping; singultus; diaphragmatic myoclonus.


lexentry: eng/hiccups__Noun__2
written_rep: hiccups
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: икание
sense_list:
(usually, _, with "the") The condition of having the spasms of hiccupping; singultus; diaphragmatic myoclonus.


lexentry: eng/hickey__Noun__1
written_rep: hickey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: засо́с
sense_list:
(originally, US, slang) A bruise-like mark made during petting by pressing the mouth to the skin on one’s partner’s body and sucking. [from 1934]


lexentry: eng/hickory__Noun__1
written_rep: hickory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ги́кори | ка́рия
sense_list:
(countable) Any of various deciduous hardwood trees of the genera Carya and Annamocarya, one species of which, Carya illinoinensis, is the source of pecan nuts.


lexentry: eng/hidden_agenda__Noun__1
written_rep: hidden agenda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[скрытый|скры́тые]] [[мотив|моти́вы]] | [[тайный|та́йные]] [[план|пла́ны]]
sense_list:
A wish (and plan) to implement a particular idea without telling anybody, even though people may be affected in a negative way.


lexentry: eng/hidden_curriculum__Noun__1
written_rep: hidden curriculum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скры́тая програ́мма | скры́тая учёбная програ́мма
sense_list:
(education) Knowledge and beliefs that are not explicitly taught in school but which pupils acquire in the school environment.


lexentry: eng/hide_one's_light_under_a_bushel__Verb__1
written_rep: hide one's light under a bushel
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зары́ть свой тала́нт в зе́млю | зарыва́ть свой тала́нт в зе́млю
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To conceal one's positive qualities or talents, especially due to modesty or shyness; to avoid attention.


lexentry: eng/hideous__Adjective__1
written_rep: hideous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: отврати́тельный | стра́шный | ужа́сный
sense_list:
Having a very unpleasant or frightening sound. | Hateful; shocking. | Morally offensive; shocking; detestable.


lexentry: eng/hierarch__Noun__1
written_rep: hierarch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иера́рх
sense_list:
(religion) One who has high and controlling authority in sacred things; the chief of a sacred order. | (Eastern Orthodoxy) A title of bishops in their role as ordinaries (arbiters of canon law) over their respective dioceses.


lexentry: eng/hierarchy__Noun__1
written_rep: hierarchy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иера́рхия | иерархия
sense_list:
A body of authoritative officials organized in nested ranks. | Any group of objects ranked so that every one but the topmost is subordinate to a specified one above it.


lexentry: eng/hieroglyphic__Noun__1
written_rep: hieroglyphic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иерогли́фика
sense_list:
(chiefly, in the plural) A writing system of ancient Egypt, Minoans, Maya and other civilizations, using pictorial symbols to represent individual sounds as a rebus


lexentry: eng/hierophant__Noun__1
written_rep: hierophant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иерофа́нт
sense_list:
(Ancient Greece) An ancient Greek priest who interpreted sacred mysteries, especially the priest of the Eleusinian Mysteries.


lexentry: eng/hierophany__Noun__1
written_rep: hierophany
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иерофа́ния
sense_list:
(religion) A physical manifestation of the holy or sacred, serving as a spiritual eidolon for emulation or worship.


lexentry: eng/high-beam__Noun__1
written_rep: high-beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: да́льний свет
sense_list:
The setting of an automobile's headlights adjusted to brighten a longer distance in front of the car, than when on the normal (low-beam) setting.


lexentry: eng/high-level__Adjective__1
written_rep: high-level
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: высокоу́ровневый
sense_list:
(computing, of a programming language) Consisting of relatively natural language-like commands and mathematical notations which, after compilation or interpretation, become a set of machine language instructions.


lexentry: eng/high-level_language__Noun__1
written_rep: high-level language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: высокоу́ровневый язы́к программи́рования
sense_list:
(programming) A programming language requiring a compiler to translate it into a form that a particular machine understands, focusing on user-friendly code development by automating core tasks such as accessing memory.


lexentry: eng/high-octane__Adjective__1
written_rep: high-octane
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: высокоокта́новый
sense_list:
(automotive, engineering, of fuel) Having a high octane number, good antiknock characteristics; used in high-performance vehicles.


lexentry: eng/high-speed_rail__Noun__1
written_rep: high-speed rail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(rail transport) A type of rail transport that operates significantly faster than traditional rail traffic, using an integrated system of specialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks.

trans_list:
[[высокоскоростно́й]] [[назе́мный]] [[тра́нспорт]] | [[высокоскоростной|высокоскоростна́я]] [[желе́зная доро́га]] | ВСНТ


lexentry: eng/high__Adjective__1
written_rep: high
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: высо́кий | высокий
sense_list:
Physically elevated, extending above a base or average level: | Relatively elevated; rising or raised above the average or normal level from which elevation is measured. | Very elevated; extending or being far above a base; tall; lofty.


lexentry: eng/high__Adjective__1
written_rep: high
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: высо́кий
sense_list:
Large, great (in amount or quantity, value, force, energy, etc). | (acoustics) Acute or shrill in pitch, due to being of greater frequency, i.e. produced by more rapid vibrations (wave oscillations).


lexentry: eng/high__Adjective__1
written_rep: high
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 16
trans_list: обдо́лбаный | обку́ренный | упо́ротый
sense_list:
(informal) Intoxicated; under the influence of a mood-altering drug, formerly usually alcohol, but now (from the mid-20th century) usually not alcohol but rather marijuana, cocaine, heroin, etc.


lexentry: eng/high_card__Noun__1
written_rep: high card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: акула
sense_list:
(poker) A hand which has no pairs and is not a straight or a flush, and is the lowest possible winning hand.


lexentry: eng/high_jump__Noun__1
written_rep: high jump
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прыжо́к в высоту́ | прыжок в высоту
sense_list:
(uncountable) An athletics event where a competitor must jump over a bar placed gradually higher and higher.


lexentry: eng/high_priest__Noun__1
written_rep: high priest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: первосвященник
sense_list:
In the Bible, the male individual who was responsible for making the annual sacrifice on the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur); always a descendant of Aaron, the older brother of Moses.


lexentry: eng/high_relief__Noun__1
written_rep: high relief
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: горелье́ф
sense_list:
(sculpture) A form of classical sculpture in which forms extend from the background by at least half of their depth.


lexentry: eng/high_technology__Noun__1
written_rep: high technology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: высо́кие техноло́гии | хай-те́к
sense_list:
Any highly technical or specialized technological application or equipment, especially one that involves complex electronics or computing


lexentry: eng/high_tide__Noun__1
written_rep: high tide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наивы́сший у́ровень прили́ва | полово́дье | прили́в
sense_list:
The natural tide at its highest level for a particular tidal cycle at a certain place. | The time of day when the sea has risen to its highest level.


lexentry: eng/highbush_cranberry__Noun__1
written_rep: highbush cranberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кали́на | кали́на кра́сная | кали́на обыкнове́нная | кали́на съедо́бная
sense_list:
A shrub in the genus Viburnum having acidic red cranberry-like berries, belonging to the North American species Viburnum trilobum, or to the related species Viburnum opulus (European) or Viburnum edule (North American).


lexentry: eng/highlight__Noun__1
written_rep: highlight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[све́тлый]] [[уча́сток]]
sense_list:
(painting, photography) An area or a spot in a drawing, painting, or photograph that is strongly illuminated.


lexentry: eng/highlight__Verb__1
written_rep: highlight
part_of_speech: verb
trans_list:
[[вы́двинуть]] на [[пе́рвый]] план | [[выдвига́ть]] на [[пе́рвый]] план | подчеркну́ть | подчёркивать


lexentry: eng/highlight__Verb__1
written_rep: highlight
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вы́делиться | выделя́ться
sense_list:
(transitive) To be a highlight of. | (transitive, internet) To seek the attention of (a user) on IRC by mentioning their name in a message, causing that message to appear highlighted on their screen.


lexentry: eng/highlight__Verb__1
written_rep: highlight
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вы́делить | вы́делиться | выделя́ть | выделя́ться
sense_list:
(transitive) To mark (important passages of text), e.g. with a fluorescent marker pen or in a wordprocessor, as a means of memory retention or for later reference.


lexentry: eng/hightail__Verb__1
written_rep: hightail
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: с шумом удалиться
sense_list:
(informal, chiefly, North America, usually, transitive) To move at full speed, especially in retreat.


lexentry: eng/hijack__Verb__1
written_rep: hijack
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: захва́тывать | захвати́ть | напа́сть | напада́ть | угна́ть | угоня́ть
sense_list:
To forcibly seize control of some vehicle in order to rob it or to reach a destination (especially an airplane, truck or a boat).


lexentry: eng/hijra__Noun__1
written_rep: hijra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хи́джра
sense_list:
A (typically biologically male or intersex, but sometimes biologically female) member of a somewhat feminine third gender found in India and Pakistan.


lexentry: eng/hikikomori__Noun__1
written_rep: hikikomori
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хикикомо́ри
sense_list:
(uncountable) A Japanese phenomenon whereby a person becomes a recluse from society, typically remaining isolated in a single room at home for a very long period.


lexentry: eng/hilarity__Noun__1
written_rep: hilarity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: весе́лье
sense_list:
(uncountable) A great amount of amusement, usually accompanied by much laughter. | (countable) Something that induces much laughter.


lexentry: eng/hillbilly__Noun__1
written_rep: hillbilly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: деревенщина
sense_list:
(often, _, pejorative) Someone who is from the hills; especially from a rural area, with a connotation of a lack of refinement or sophistication.


lexentry: eng/hillbilly__Noun__1
written_rep: hillbilly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хи́ллбилли
sense_list:
(ethnic slur) A white person from the rural southern part of the United States, especially the Southeastern states.


lexentry: eng/hilt__Noun__1
written_rep: hilt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рукоя́тка | рукоя́ть | эфе́с
sense_list:
The handle of a sword, consisting of grip, guard, and pommel, designed to facilitate use of the blade and afford protection to the hand.


lexentry: eng/hilum__Noun__1
written_rep: hilum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[воро́та]] ([[орган|о́ргана]])
sense_list:
(botany) The eye of a bean or other seed; the mark or scar at the point of attachment of an ovule or seed to its base or support.


lexentry: eng/himbo__Noun__1
written_rep: himbo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пижо́н | хлыщ
sense_list:
(sometimes, derogatory, slang) A physically attractive man who lacks intelligence; the male equivalent of a bimbo.


lexentry: eng/himself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: himself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: он сам
sense_list:
(emphatic) He; used as an intensifier, often to emphasize that the referent is the exclusive participant in the predicate


lexentry: eng/hind_limb__Noun__1
written_rep: hind limb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: за́дняя коне́чность
sense_list:
A posterior limb on an animal. When referring to quadrupeds, the term hind leg is often instead used.


lexentry: eng/hindbrain__Noun__1
written_rep: hindbrain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: задни́й мозг
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) The posterior part of the brain, comprising the cerebellum, pons and medulla, the rhombencephalon


lexentry: eng/hindquarter__Noun__1
written_rep: hindquarter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: корма
sense_list:
(in the plural) The hind biped (leg) of a quadruped, or all body parts situated behind the hind legs' trunk-attachment. | (metonymy, derogatory, usually, in the plural) Human behind, butt.


lexentry: eng/hindsight_is_20!slash!20__Proverb__1
written_rep: hindsight is 20/20
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In hindsight things are obvious that were not obvious from the outset; one is able to evaluate past choices more clearly than at the time of the choice.

trans_list:
гром не грянет, мужик не перекрестится | догада́лся, как проигра́лся | за́дним умо́м всяк кре́пок | пото́м и Семён умён


lexentry: eng/hint__Verb__1
written_rep: hint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: намека́ть | намекну́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring to mind by a slight mention or remote allusion; to suggest in an indirect manner.


lexentry: eng/hip_bone__Noun__1
written_rep: hip bone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[тазовый|та́зовая]] кость
sense_list:
(anatomy) One of two roughly symmetrical skeleton parts, each composed of the fused iliac, ischial and pubic bones, that together form the sides of the pelvis.


lexentry: eng/hip_flask__Noun__1
written_rep: hip flask
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пло́ская фля́жка
sense_list:
A container designed to hold small amounts of alcohol, especially spirits, for personal consumption on the go.


lexentry: eng/hip_hip_hooray__Interjection__1
written_rep: hip hip hooray
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гип-ги́п ура́ | гип-ги́п-ура́
sense_list:
An exclamation of congratulations or celebration, especially in response to a call for "three cheers for" the person. Often the person calling for the cheers will yell "Hip! Hip!", the crowd replying "Hooray!"


lexentry: eng/hip_roof__Noun__1
written_rep: hip roof
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ва́льмовая кры́ша | четырёхска́тная кры́ша | шатро́вая кры́ша
sense_list:
A roof formed from inclined, planar ends and sides, joined at their edges to form hips, the longer sides forming a ridge at the top


lexentry: eng/hippie__Noun__1
written_rep: hippie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хи́ппи
sense_list:
(1960s slang; still widely used in reference to that era) One who chooses not to conform to prevailing social norms: especially one who subscribes to values or actions such as acceptance or self-practice of recreational drug use, liberal or radical sexual mores, advocacy of communal living, strong pacifism or anti-war sentiment, etc.


lexentry: eng/hippocampus__Noun__1
written_rep: hippocampus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиппока́мп
sense_list:
(mythological creature) A mythological creature with the front head and forelimbs of a horse and the rear of a fish.


lexentry: eng/hippocras__Noun__1
written_rep: hippocras
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипокра́с
sense_list:
(historical) A cordial, made from a spiced wine mixed with sugar and spices, usually including cinnamon, which are strained out by a cloth before the drink is consumed.


lexentry: eng/hiragana__Noun__1
written_rep: hiragana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хира́гана | хирага́на
sense_list:
(uncountable) The main syllabary for the Japanese language, used to represent native Japanese words, including particles, and when kanji is used, to represent verb and adjective endings.


lexentry: eng/hire__Verb__1
written_rep: hire
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: нанима́ть | наня́ть | трудоустра́ивать | трудоустро́ить
sense_list:
(transitive) To employ; to obtain the services of (a person) in exchange for remuneration; to give someone a job.


lexentry: eng/hireling__Noun__1
written_rep: hireling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: батрак
sense_list:
(usually, pejorative) An employee who is hired, often to perform unpleasant tasks with little independence.


lexentry: eng/hirola__Noun__1
written_rep: hirola
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: буба́л Ха́нтера | хиро́ла
sense_list:
A type of antelope found in an area between Kenya and Somalia, Beatragus hunteri or sometimes Damaliscus hunteri.


lexentry: eng/hirsutism__Noun__1
written_rep: hirsutism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гирсутизм
sense_list:
(dermatology) Excessive and increased hair growth in locations where terminal hair is normally minimal or absent.


lexentry: eng/hirudin__Noun__1
written_rep: hirudin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гируди́н
sense_list:
(protein) A peptide, obtained from the salivary glands of leeches, that is used as an anticoagulant.


lexentry: eng/hiss__Noun__1
written_rep: hiss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шипе́ние
sense_list:
A sibilant sound, such as that made by a snake or escaping steam; an unvoiced fricative. | An expression of disapproval made using such a sound.


lexentry: eng/histamine__Noun__1
written_rep: histamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гистами́н | гистамин
sense_list:
(neurotransmitter) An amine, C5H9N3, formed by decarboxylation of histidine, that causes dilatation of capillaries, contraction of smooth muscle, and stimulation of gastric acid secretion; it is released during allergic reactions.


lexentry: eng/histidine__Noun__1
written_rep: histidine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гистиди́н
sense_list:
(amino acid) An essential amino acid C6H9N3O2 found in most animal proteins; essential for tissue growth and repair.


lexentry: eng/histogram__Noun__1
written_rep: histogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гистогра́мма
sense_list:
(statistics) A graphical display of numerical data in the form of upright bars, with the area of each bar representing frequency.


lexentry: eng/histology__Noun__1
written_rep: histology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гистоло́гия | гистология
sense_list:
(biology) The study of the microscopic structure, chemical composition and function of the tissue or tissue systems of plants and animals.


lexentry: eng/histone__Noun__1
written_rep: histone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гисто́н
sense_list:
(biochemistry) Any of various simple water-soluble proteins that are rich in the basic amino acids lysine and arginine and are complexed with DNA in the nucleosomes of eukaryotic chromatin.


lexentry: eng/historiography__Noun__1
written_rep: historiography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: историогра́фия | историография
sense_list:
(uncountable) The study of the discipline and practice of history and the writings of past historians.


lexentry: eng/history__Noun__1
written_rep: history
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: исто́рия | история
sense_list:
The aggregate of past events. | The empirical study of past events, as distinct from literature, myth, or scripture; the assessment of notable events. | The portion of the past that is known and recorded by this field of study, as opposed to all earlier and unknown times that preceded it (prehistory). | (countable, computing) A record of previous user events, especially of visited web pages in a browser.


lexentry: eng/histrionics__Noun__1
written_rep: histrionics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́ходка | сце́на
sense_list:
Exaggerated, overemotional behaviour, especially when calculated to elicit a response; melodramatics.


lexentry: eng/hit__Noun__1
written_rep: hit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уда́р
sense_list:
A blow; a punch; a striking against; the collision of one body against another; the stroke that touches anything.


lexentry: eng/hit__Noun__1
written_rep: hit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: хит | шля́гер
sense_list:
(baseball) The complete play, when the batter reaches base without the benefit of a walk, error, or fielder’s choice. | (backgammon) A move that throws one of the opponent's men back to the entering point.


lexentry: eng/hit_and_run__Noun__1
written_rep: hit and run
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бе́гство води́теля с ме́ста доро́жного происше́ствия
sense_list:
(baseball) A play where the baserunners leave their base before the batter hits the ball, assuming that the batter will in fact hit the ball and this will give them an advantage.


lexentry: eng/hit_and_run__Noun__1
written_rep: hit and run
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: соколиный удар | ударил-убежал
sense_list:
(military) The tactic of attacking one place and then quickly moving to another before defenders can react.


lexentry: eng/hit_it_off__Verb__1
written_rep: hit it off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сдружиться
sense_list:
(informal) To develop an amicable relationship (with), especially in a sudden manner during an initial encounter.


lexentry: eng/hit_on__Verb__1
written_rep: hit on
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заи́грывать | кле́иться | подбива́ть кли́нья | подка́тывать | пристава́ть | приударя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, slang) To flirt with; to approach and speak to (someone), seeking romance, love, sex, etc.


lexentry: eng/hit_point__Noun__1
written_rep: hit point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: очки здоровья
sense_list:
(chiefly, RPG) A unit of damage, used to specify the amount of damage a character or object can withstand before it is defeated or destroyed.


lexentry: eng/hit_the_books__Verb__1
written_rep: hit the books
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зубри́ть
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, and, Australia, informal, figuratively) To study, especially with particular intensity.


lexentry: eng/hit_the_bottle__Verb__1
written_rep: hit the bottle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пить го́рькую | прикла́дываться к буты́лке
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial) To drink alcohol steadily and in excess, particularly in response to a setback.


lexentry: eng/hitchhike__Verb__1
written_rep: hitchhike
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голосова́ть | проголосова́ть | путеше́ствовать автосто́пом
sense_list:
(intransitive) To try to get a ride in a passing vehicle while standing at the side of a road, generally by either sticking out one's finger or thumb or holding a sign with one's stated destination. | (US, transitive) To try to get (a ride) in a passing vehicle while standing at the side of a road, generally by either sticking out one's finger or thumb or holding a sign with one's stated destination.


lexentry: eng/hitchhiker__Noun__1
written_rep: hitchhiker
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: A person or thing that hitchhikes.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[путешествовать|путеше́ствующая]] [[автостоп|автосто́пом]] | [[путешествовать|путеше́ствующий]] [[автостоп|автосто́пом]] | автосто́пщик | автосто́пщица


lexentry: eng/ho__Noun__2
written_rep: ho
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пизда́ | шлю́ха
sense_list:
(slang, derogatory) A whore; a sexually promiscuous woman; in general use as a highly offensive term of abuse for a woman with connotations of loose sexuality.


lexentry: eng/hoar_frost__Noun__1
written_rep: hoar frost
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: и́зморозь | и́ней
sense_list:
(specifically, meteorology) Water vapour which has undergone deposition or desublimation when the air is cold and moist to form a white deposit on exposed surfaces.


lexentry: eng/hoary_bat__Noun__1
written_rep: hoary bat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: се́рый волосатохво́ст
sense_list:
Lasiurus cinereus, a vespertilionid bat that occurs throughout most of North America and much of South America, with disjunct populations in the Galápagos Islands and Hawaii.


lexentry: eng/hoatzin__Noun__1
written_rep: hoatzin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гоаци́н
sense_list:
A bird of the species Opisthocomus hoazin of the order Opisthocomiformes, with claws on the wing fingers of the juvenile and an enlarged crop used as a rumen.


lexentry: eng/hoax__Verb__1
written_rep: hoax
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вводить в заблуждение | обманывать | разы́грывать | разыгра́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To deceive (someone) by making them believe something that has been maliciously or mischievously fabricated.


lexentry: eng/hob__Noun__1
written_rep: hob
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ва́рочная пане́ль
sense_list:
(UK, Irish, Commonwealth) The top cooking surface on a cooker; a cooktop. It typically comprises several cooking elements (often four), also known as 'rings'.


lexentry: eng/hobble__Noun__1
written_rep: hobble
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пу́ты | трено́га
sense_list:
(mostly, in the plural) One of the short straps tied between the legs of unfenced horses, allowing them to wander short distances but preventing them from running off.


lexentry: eng/hobby_horse__Noun__1
written_rep: hobby horse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конёк
sense_list:
A child's toy consisting of a (usually wooden or cloth) horse's head mounted on a stick. | (figuratively) A topic about which someone loves to talk at great length.


lexentry: eng/hobnob__Verb__1
written_rep: hobnob
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: болтать
sense_list:
(intransitive, often, _, derogatory) To associate with in a friendly manner, often with those of a higher class or status; to fraternize.


lexentry: eng/hobo__Noun__1
written_rep: hobo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бродяга | бомж | бездо́мный
sense_list:
(North America) A wandering homeless person, especially (historical) one illegally travelling by rail or (pejorative) a penniless, unemployed bum.


lexentry: eng/hockey__Noun__1
written_rep: hockey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: хокке́й | хоккей
sense_list:
(North America) Ice hockey, a game on ice in which two teams of six players skate and try to score by shooting a puck into the opposing team's net, using their sticks.


lexentry: eng/hockey_puck__Noun__1
written_rep: hockey puck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[хоккейный|хокке́йная]] [[ша́йба]] | ша́йба
sense_list:
(ice hockey) A small black flat roundel of hardened rubber used as a playing piece in ice hockey to score points by moving the puck into the opponent's goal net.


lexentry: eng/hockey_stick__Noun__1
written_rep: hockey stick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клю́шка
sense_list:
(North America, ice hockey) A stick used to handle the puck in ice hockey, having a flat, angled blade at the end. | (British, field hockey) A stick used to handle the ball in field hockey, having a flat-faced hook at the end.


lexentry: eng/hocus-pocus__Interjection__1
written_rep: hocus-pocus
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ахала́й-махала́й | си́м-салаби́м | фо́кус-по́кус
sense_list:
A phrase used (by a stage magician, etc.) as a magical incantation to bring about some change: abracadabra, hey presto.


lexentry: eng/hocus-pocus__Noun__1
written_rep: hocus-pocus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: фо́кус | фо́кус-по́кус
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, chiefly, US, also, attributively) Some action carried out to bring about change as if by magic; a trick; sleight of hand, trickery.


lexentry: eng/hod__Noun__1
written_rep: hod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коры́то | лото́к
sense_list:
A three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder.


lexentry: eng/hodiernal__Adjective__1
written_rep: hodiernal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нынешний
sense_list:
(archaic, or, literary, rare, outside, grammar) Of or pertaining to the present day or today; hodiern.


lexentry: eng/hoe__Noun__1
written_rep: hoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тя́пка | моты́га
sense_list:
(when not otherwise specified) An agricultural and horticultural hand tool consisting of a long handle with a flat blade fixed perpendicular to it at the end, used for digging rows or removing weeds by hand.


lexentry: eng/hog__Noun__1
written_rep: hog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бо́ров | вепрь | свинья́
sense_list:
Any animal belonging to the Suidae family of mammals, especially the pig, the warthog, and the boar.


lexentry: eng/hog__Verb__1
written_rep: hog
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жадничать | заграбастать | заграбастывать | прибирать к рука́м | прибрать к рука́м
sense_list:
(transitive, informal) To greedily take more than one's share, to take precedence at the expense of another or others.


lexentry: eng/hogshead__Noun__1
written_rep: hogshead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хогсхед
sense_list:
(Britain) A cask of a certain size; its volume used as a measure of capacity for liquids, containing 63 wine gallons, or about 52+1⁄2 imperial gallons (a half pipe). | A large barrel or cask of indefinite contents, especially one containing from 100 to 140 gallons.


lexentry: eng/hoisin_sauce__Noun__1
written_rep: hoisin sauce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Хойсин
sense_list:
A thick, pungent, dark, sweet and salty sauce made from soy, garlic and chili, used in Chinese cooking.


lexentry: eng/hoist__Verb__1
written_rep: hoist
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водружа́ть | водрузи́ть | поднима́ть | подня́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To raise; to lift; to elevate (especially, to raise or lift to a desired elevation, by means of tackle or pulley, said of a sail, a flag, a heavy package or weight).


lexentry: eng/hoist_by_one's_own_petard__Adjective__1
written_rep: hoist by one's own petard
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: попа́сть в свою́ же лову́шку
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Hurt or destroyed by one's own plot or device intended for another; "blown up by one's own bomb".


lexentry: eng/hokey__Adjective__1
written_rep: hokey
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: искусственный
sense_list:
(US, colloquial) Phony, as if a hoax; noticeably contrived; of obviously flimsy credibility or quality.


lexentry: eng/hokum__Noun__1
written_rep: hokum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: абсурд
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, informal) (An instance of) meaningless nonsense with an outward appearance of being impressive and legitimate.


lexentry: eng/hold__Verb__1
written_rep: hold
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: держа́ть | задержа́ть | заде́рживать
sense_list:
(transitive) To impose restraint upon; to limit in motion or action; to bind legally or morally; to confine; to restrain.


lexentry: eng/hold__Verb__1
written_rep: hold
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: проводить | содержа́ть
sense_list:
To maintain in being or action; to carry on; to prosecute, as a course of conduct or an argument; to continue; to sustain.


lexentry: eng/hold_a_candle__Verb__1
written_rep: hold a candle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в подмётки не годи́ться
sense_list:
(chiefly in the negative) To compare; to be even remotely of the same quality, skill, etc. as another. [with to] [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/hold_cheap__Verb__1
written_rep: hold cheap
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ни в гро́ш не ста́вить
sense_list:
(idiomatic, transitive) To have a low esteem for (someone or something); to hold in contempt; to look down upon.


lexentry: eng/hold_off__Verb__1
written_rep: hold off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: откла́дывать
sense_list:
(idiomatic, transitive) To delay (someone or something) temporarily; to keep at bay. | (idiomatic, transitive, intransitive) To delay commencing (an action until some specified time or event has passed).


lexentry: eng/hold_one's_breath__Verb__1
written_rep: hold one's breath
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: затаи́ть дыха́ние
sense_list:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see hold,‎ one's,‎ breath. To keep air in one's lungs, pausing noticeably before exhaling after previously inhaling.


lexentry: eng/hold_one's_liquor__Verb__1
written_rep: hold one's liquor
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[уме́ть]] пить
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To be resistant to intoxication or to show few signs of intoxication, even after consuming a significant amount of alcohol.


lexentry: eng/hold_one's_own__Verb__1
written_rep: hold one's own
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: постоя́ть за себя́
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To demonstrate oneself to be capable; to provide a respectable performance or worthy competition; to stick up for oneself.


lexentry: eng/hold_one's_tongue__Verb__1
written_rep: hold one's tongue
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (idiomatic) To refrain from talking about something.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
держа́ть язы́к за зуба́ми | молча́ть как ры́ба | молча́ть как ры́ба об лёд | набра́ть воды́ в рот | придержа́ть язы́к


lexentry: eng/hold_out__Verb__1
written_rep: hold out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: выжидать
sense_list:
(idiomatic, often, with for) To wait, or refuse in hopes of getting something better (from a negotiation, etc.)


lexentry: eng/hold_sway__Verb__1
written_rep: hold sway
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преобладать
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To have the greatest influence (over someone or something); to be pre-eminent; to dominate.


lexentry: eng/holding_cell__Noun__1
written_rep: holding cell
part_of_speech: noun
trans_list:
[[изоля́тор]] [[временный|вре́менного]] [[содержание|содержа́ния]] (ИВС) | [[ка́мера]] [[предварительный|предвари́тельного]] [[заключение|заключе́ния]] (КПЗ) | катала́жка | куту́зка | обезья́нник


lexentry: eng/holding_company__Noun__1
written_rep: holding company
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: матери́нская компа́ния | хо́лдинг | хо́лдинговая компа́ния
sense_list:
(business) A company whose main purpose is to own shares of other companies, as opposed to producing goods or offering services.


lexentry: eng/hole__Noun__1
written_rep: hole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́рцер | подва́л | холо́дная | я́ма
sense_list:
A hollow place or cavity; an excavation; a pit; a dent; a depression; a fissure. | (golf) A subsurface standard-size hole, also called cup, hitting the ball into which is the object of play. Each hole, of which there are usually eighteen as the standard on a full course, is located on a prepared surface, called the green, of a particular type grass.


lexentry: eng/hole__Noun__1
written_rep: hole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: впа́дина | я́ма | дыра
sense_list:
(stud poker) A card (also called a hole card) dealt face down thus unknown to all but its holder; the status in which such a card is.


lexentry: eng/hole__Noun__1
written_rep: hole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: ды́рка | дыра
sense_list:
(physics) In semiconductors, a lack of an electron in an occupied band behaving like a positively charged particle.


lexentry: eng/hole_saw__Noun__1
written_rep: hole saw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кольцева́я пила́
sense_list:
A saw in the form of a hollow cylinder with teeth on the end or edge, used to produce holes on the workpiece and operated by rotation, often as an accessory to a power drill.


lexentry: eng/holiday__Noun__1
written_rep: holiday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: о́тпуск | отгу́л
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, Australia) A period of one or more days taken off work for leisure and often travel; often plural.


lexentry: eng/holiday__Noun__1
written_rep: holiday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: кани́кулы
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, Australia) A period during which pupils do not attend their school; often plural; rarely used for students at university (usually: vacation).


lexentry: eng/holiday_season__Noun__1
written_rep: holiday season
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: курортный сезон | праздник сезон
sense_list:
(US, Canada) The period of the late fall and early winter when several holidays occur, such as Halloween, American Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Year's Day, Hanukkah, and Kwanzaa


lexentry: eng/hollow__Adjective__1
written_rep: hollow
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: глухо́й
sense_list:
(of a sound) Distant, eerie; echoing, reverberating, as if in a hollow space; dull, muffled; often low-pitched.


lexentry: eng/holly__Noun__1
written_rep: holly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: па́дуб | остроли́ст
sense_list:
Any of various shrubs or (mostly) small trees, of the genus Ilex, either evergreen or deciduous, used as decoration especially at Christmas.


lexentry: eng/holmium__Noun__1
written_rep: holmium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: го́льмий | гольмий
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Ho) with atomic number 67: a soft and malleable silvery-white metal, too reactive to be found uncombined in nature.


lexentry: eng/holography__Noun__1
written_rep: holography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гологра́фия
sense_list:
(physics) a technique for recording, and then reconstructing, the amplitude and phase distributions of a coherent wave disturbance; used to produce three-dimensional images or holograms


lexentry: eng/holomorphic__Adjective__1
written_rep: holomorphic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голоморфный
sense_list:
(complex analysis, of a complex function) Complex-differentiable on an open set around every point in its domain.


lexentry: eng/holy_basil__Noun__1
written_rep: holy basil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: базилик тонкоцветный
sense_list:
Ocimum tenuiflorum, an aromatic plant cultivated for religious, medicinal, and culinary purposes and for its essential oil.


lexentry: eng/holy_fool__Noun__1
written_rep: holy fool
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блаже́нный | юро́дивый
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, Eastern Orthodoxy) A person, often associated with gifts of prophecy and insight, who publicly acts as if mad or stupid, but whose madness is seen as concealing an inner sanctity for the purpose of self-humiliation.


lexentry: eng/holy_shit__Interjection__1
written_rep: holy shit
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бля́ха-му́ха | ебать! | охуеть | срань госпо́дня | ё моё | ёб твою мать
sense_list:
(idiomatic, vulgar, slang) Expression of terror, awe, surprise, astonishment, etc., often at something seen for the first time or remembered immediately before using this term.


lexentry: eng/holy_war__Noun__1
written_rep: holy war
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свяще́нная война́
sense_list:
A war which is primarily caused or justified by differences in religion and beliefs. | (Utah) The rivalry between the sports teams of Brigham Young University and the University of Utah.


lexentry: eng/holy_water__Noun__1
written_rep: holy water
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свята́я вода́ | святая вода
sense_list:
(Christianity) In certain Christian churches, water that has been sanctified by a priest or bishop for the purpose of baptism or for the blessing of persons, places, or things.


lexentry: eng/holystone__Noun__1
written_rep: holystone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: песча́ник
sense_list:
(nautical) A piece of soft sandstone used for scouring the wooden decks of ships, usually with sand and seawater. [1823]


lexentry: eng/homage__Noun__1
written_rep: homage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дань | почте́ние
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A demonstration of respect, as towards a person after his or her retirement or death.


lexentry: eng/home__Noun__1
written_rep: home
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дом
sense_list:
One’s own dwelling place; the house or structure in which one lives; especially the house in which one lives with one's family; the habitual abode of one’s family. | The abiding place of the affections, especially of the domestic affections. | The place (residence, settlement, country, etc.), where a person was born and/or raised; childhood or parental home; home of one’s parents or guardian. | A place of refuge, rest or care; an asylum.


lexentry: eng/home__Noun__1
written_rep: home
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ро́дина
sense_list:
One’s native land; the place or country in which one dwells; the place where one’s ancestors dwell or dwelt.


lexentry: eng/home__Noun__1
written_rep: home
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: есте́ственная среда́ | среда́ обита́ния
sense_list:
The locality where a thing is usually found, or was first found, or where it is naturally abundant; habitat; seat.


lexentry: eng/home_cinema__Noun__1
written_rep: home cinema
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дома́шний кинотеа́тр
sense_list:
(UK) A system for showing cinema-quality films at home; usually comprising high-definition television and surround sound.


lexentry: eng/home_country__Noun__1
written_rep: home country
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оте́чество | отчи́зна | ро́дина | родна́я страна́
sense_list:
The country in which a person was born and usually raised, regardless of the present country of residence and citizenship.


lexentry: eng/home_front__Noun__1
written_rep: home front
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тыл
sense_list:
The civilian sphere as opposed to the military; specifically, the civilian sphere supporting the military's efforts in a war.


lexentry: eng/home_page__Noun__1
written_rep: home page
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ста́ртовая страни́ца
sense_list:
The default page set to open in a web browser or hypertext system when it starts up, or when its home function is invoked.


lexentry: eng/home_plate__Noun__1
written_rep: home plate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[домашний|дома́шняя]] [[ба́за]]
sense_list:
(baseball) A flat, pentagonal, rubber object placed at the center of the batter's box, which is used as a basis for judging pitched strikes and balls, and the touching of which by a runner advancing from or past third base scores a run.


lexentry: eng/home_run__Noun__1
written_rep: home run
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хомя́к | хоум-ра́н
sense_list:
(baseball) A four-base hit, allowing the batter to circle the bases and reach home safely in one play without any errors being committed by the defensive team.


lexentry: eng/home_team__Noun__1
written_rep: home team
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кома́нда хозяев
sense_list:
(idiomatic, sports) The team that is playing in the usual area that they play in, as opposed to the visitor team.


lexentry: eng/home_wrecker__Noun__1
written_rep: home wrecker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разлу́чница
sense_list:
(slang, derogatory) A person who gains the affections of someone already married or engaged, and thus causes the dissolution of the marriage or engagement.


lexentry: eng/homebody__Noun__1
written_rep: homebody
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: домосе́д | домосе́дка
sense_list:
(North American, informal) A person who prefers to remain at home, rather than participate in social events elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/homecoming__Noun__1
written_rep: homecoming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[возвраще́ние]] [[домо́й]] | [[возвраще́ние]] на [[родина|ро́дину]]
sense_list:
Ellipsis of harvest homecoming, a traditional (street) party and/or dance near the start of the school year, at around fall mid-terms. It traditionally marks the start of harvest break, where students go home in autumn to harvest the crops on the family farms.


lexentry: eng/homegrown__Adjective__1
written_rep: homegrown
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дома́шний | доморо́щенный
sense_list:
(of produce) Raised or cultivated at home, on one's own land, or in one's own country; domestic; indigenous. [from 1640s]


lexentry: eng/homegrown__Adjective__1
written_rep: homegrown
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: доморо́щенный
sense_list:
(by extension) Produced or coming from one's own country or a particular place; local; native; self-produced. [from 1730s]


lexentry: eng/homeless_shelter__Noun__1
written_rep: homeless shelter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[прию́т]] для [[бездомный|бездо́мных]]
sense_list:
A building set up to provide for the needs of homeless people; often including shelter, food, sanitation and other forms of support.


lexentry: eng/homemaker__Noun__1
written_rep: homemaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: домохозяйка
sense_list:
(US) A person who maintains the administration and upkeep of his or her residence, especially one who is not employed outside the home; one who runs the household.


lexentry: eng/homeopathy__Noun__1
written_rep: homeopathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомеопа́тия | гомеопатия
sense_list:
A system of treating diseases with small amounts of substances which, in larger amounts, would produce the observed symptoms.


lexentry: eng/homeosis__Noun__1
written_rep: homeosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомео́зис
sense_list:
(pathology) The formation of a normal plant or animal structure or organ in place of another at an abnormal site; the transformation of one body part to another.


lexentry: eng/homeostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: homeostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомеоста́з | гомеостаз
sense_list:
(physiology) The ability of a system or living organism to adjust its internal environment to maintain a state of dynamic constancy; such as the ability of warm-blooded animals to maintain a stable temperature.


lexentry: eng/homesickness__Noun__1
written_rep: homesickness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[тоска́]] по [[родина|ро́дине]] | ностальги́я | тоска́
sense_list:
The characteristic of being homesick; a strong, sad feeling of missing one's home (and often left-behind loved ones, such as family and friends) when physically away.


lexentry: eng/homework__Noun__1
written_rep: homework
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (literally, now, _, rare) Any work that is done at home; housework.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[подготовительный|подготови́тельная]] [[рабо́та]] | дома́шка | дома́шнее зада́ние | дома́шняя рабо́та | иссле́дование


lexentry: eng/homicide__Noun__1
written_rep: homicide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомици́д | уби́йство
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, crime) The killing of one person by another, whether premeditated or unintentional.


lexentry: eng/homie__Noun__1
written_rep: homie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кореш
sense_list:
(AAVE) Someone, particularly a friend or male acquaintance, from one's hometown. | (AAVE) A close friend or fellow member of a youth gang.


lexentry: eng/homing_pigeon__Noun__1
written_rep: homing pigeon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: почто́вый го́лубь
sense_list:
A variety of domesticated rock pigeon (Columba livia) that has been selectively bred to be able to find its way home over extremely long distances.


lexentry: eng/hominid__Noun__1
written_rep: hominid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомини́д
sense_list:
Any primate of the taxonomic family Hominidae, which includes all the nonhuman great apes (chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans) as well as humans.


lexentry: eng/homogeneous__Adjective__1
written_rep: homogeneous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: гомоге́нный | единообра́зный | одноро́дный
sense_list:
(ring theory, of an element of a graded ring) Belonging to one of the summands of the grading (if the ring is graded over the natural numbers and the element is in the kth summand, it is said to be homogeneous of degree k; if the ring is graded over a commutative monoid I, and the element is an element of the ith summand, it is said to be of grade i)


lexentry: eng/homogenization__Noun__1
written_rep: homogenization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомогенизация
sense_list:
The act of making something homogenous, or the same throughout; or the tendency of something to become homogenous.


lexentry: eng/homoglyph__Noun__1
written_rep: homoglyph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: омо́глиф
sense_list:
(linguistics, computing) A character identical or nearly identical in appearance to another, but which differs in the meaning it represents; thus, in character encoding terms, a character with an identical or near-identical glyph, or the glyph itself.


lexentry: eng/homology__Noun__1
written_rep: homology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомология
sense_list:
(chemistry) The relationship, between elements, of being in the same group of the periodic table. | (genetics) The presence of the same series of bases in different but related genes. | (organic chemistry) The relationship, between organic compounds, of being in the same homologous series.


lexentry: eng/homomorphism__Noun__1
written_rep: homomorphism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомоморфи́зм | гомоморфизм
sense_list:
(algebra) A structure-preserving map between two algebraic structures of the same type, such as groups, rings, or vector spaces.


lexentry: eng/homophile__Noun__1
written_rep: homophile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гомофи́л | гомофи́лка
sense_list:
(dated) A homosexual, a gay man or lesbian, one who has a sexual or romantic preference for persons of the same gender; used to emphasize love over sex.


lexentry: eng/homophobe__Noun__1
written_rep: homophobe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: геененави́стник | гомофо́б | гомофо́бка
sense_list:
One who is prejudiced against homosexual people, or LGBTQ people in general; one who exhibits homophobia.


lexentry: eng/homophone__Noun__1
written_rep: homophone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: омофо́н
sense_list:
(semantics) A word which is pronounced the same as another word but differs in spelling or meaning or origin.


lexentry: eng/homosexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: homosexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомосексуа́льный | гомосексуальный
sense_list:
(of a person or other animal, formal, distancing, or, dated) Sexually and/or romantically attracted to members of the same sex, such as a man who is attracted to men or a woman who is attracted to women; gay. (Typically used in the sense of sole/exclusive attraction.)


lexentry: eng/homosexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: homosexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гомосексуа́льный | гомосексуалист
sense_list:
(of a romantic or sexual act or relationship, formal, distancing, or, dated) Between two people of the same sex; gay. | (dated) Intended for or used by homosexuals, as a nightclub, a bar, etc.


lexentry: eng/homosexual__Noun__1
written_rep: homosexual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомосексуали́ст | гей | го́мик | гомосе́к | гомосексуа́л | ле́сби
sense_list:
(typically, formal, distancing, or, dated) A person who is sexually attracted solely or primarily to others of the same sex.


lexentry: eng/homosexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: homosexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гомосексуальность | гомосексуа́льность | гомосексуали́зм
sense_list:
Sexual activity with a person of the same sex, sometimes (potentially, _, offensive) restricted to same-sex sex between males. [1897]


lexentry: eng/homosociality__Noun__1
written_rep: homosociality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомосоциальность
sense_list:
Socialization (social interaction, social relationships) with members of the same sex, as distinguished from sexual interaction with or attraction to members of the same sex (homosexuality) and social interaction with members of the opposite sex (heterosociality).


lexentry: eng/homothety__Noun__1
written_rep: homothety
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомотетия
sense_list:
(mathematics, geometry) An isotropic scaling transformation of an affine space with a single fixed point.


lexentry: eng/homotopy__Noun__1
written_rep: homotopy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гомотопия
sense_list:
(topology) A continuous deformation of one continuous function or map to another. | (topology) A theory associating a system of groups with each topological space. | (topology) A system of groups associated with a topological space.


lexentry: eng/hone__Noun__1
written_rep: hone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: брусо́к | осело́к | точильный ка́мень
sense_list:
A sharpening stone composed of extra-fine grit used for removing the burr or curl from the blade of a razor or some other edge tool.


lexentry: eng/honest__Adjective__1
written_rep: honest
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: че́стный | и́скренний | правди́вый
sense_list:
(of a person or institution) Scrupulous with regard to telling the truth; not given to swindling, lying, or fraud; upright.


lexentry: eng/honest__Adjective__1
written_rep: honest
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: правди́вый
sense_list:
(of a statement) True, especially as far as is known by the person making the statement; fair; unbiased.


lexentry: eng/honey-pot_ant__Noun__1
written_rep: honey-pot ant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медо́вый мураве́й
sense_list:
A type of ant from Australia, known for a class of individuals within the colony which have huge inflated amber-coloured abdomen. | An individual ant of the type


lexentry: eng/honey__Noun__1
written_rep: honey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мёд
sense_list:
(uncountable) A sweet, viscous, gold-colored fluid produced from plant nectar by bees, and often consumed by humans.


lexentry: eng/honey__Noun__1
written_rep: honey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: медо́вый | мёд
sense_list:
A spectrum of pale yellow to brownish-yellow color, like that of most types of (the sweet substance) honey.


lexentry: eng/honey_badger__Noun__1
written_rep: honey badger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медое́д
sense_list:
Mellivora capensis, a badger-like mustelid native to Africa, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent.


lexentry: eng/honey_bee__Noun__1
written_rep: honey bee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медоно́сная пчела́ | пчела́ медоносная
sense_list:
Any of seven species of bee, in genus Apis, often kept commercially for honey, beeswax, and pollination of crops.


lexentry: eng/honey_buzzard__Noun__1
written_rep: honey buzzard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: осое́д
sense_list:
European honey buzzard (Pernis apivorus), a summer migrant to most of Europe and western Asia, wintering in tropical Africa


lexentry: eng/honey_trap__Noun__1
written_rep: honey trap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медо́вая лову́шка
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The use of a romantic or a sexual relationship to entice a person into revealing secret information.


lexentry: eng/honeycomb__Noun__1
written_rep: honeycomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: со́ты | соты
sense_list:
(uncountable) A substance made by bees (clade Anthophila) primarily from beeswax which has hexagonal cells to hold their larvae, and for storing pollen and honey to feed the larvae and themselves when other food is scarce; it is also eaten by humans as part of comb-honey; (countable) a single sheet made up of two layers of this substance.


lexentry: eng/honeycomb__Noun__1
written_rep: honeycomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: со́ты
sense_list:
(countable, by extension) Something resembling honeycomb (sense 1) in having numerous cells or small holes.


lexentry: eng/honeydew__Noun__1
written_rep: honeydew
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: падь | медвя́ная роса́
sense_list:
(uncountable) A sweet, sticky substance deposited on leaves and other plant parts by insects (especially aphids and scale insects) feeding on plant sap, or by fungi.


lexentry: eng/honeydew_melon__Noun__1
written_rep: honeydew melon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: муска́тная ды́ня
sense_list:
A melon from the Cucumis melo Inodorus cultivar group, with sweet, light green or white flesh and a smooth greenish-white or yellow rind.


lexentry: eng/honeyeater__Noun__1
written_rep: honeyeater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медосо́с
sense_list:
Any of the many Australasian birds of the family Meliphagidae, which have a tongue adapted for obtaining nectar from flowers.


lexentry: eng/honeyguide__Noun__1
written_rep: honeyguide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медоука́зчик
sense_list:
Any of several brood-parasitic Old World tropical birds, of the family Indicatoridae, that primarily feed on wax, especially beeswax.


lexentry: eng/honeymoon__Noun__1
written_rep: honeymoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медо́вый ме́сяц | медовый месяц
sense_list:
The period of time immediately following a marriage. | (by extension) A period of goodwill at the beginning of a new term or relationship (e.g. towards a newly elected politician or in respect of a new business arrangement).


lexentry: eng/honor__Noun__1
written_rep: honor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: честь | почте́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) Recognition of importance or value; respect; veneration (of someone, usually for being morally upright or successful).


lexentry: eng/honor__Noun__1
written_rep: honor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: честь | го́нор | досто́инство
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being morally upright, honest, noble, virtuous, and magnanimous; excellence of character; the perception of such a state; favourable reputation; dignity.


lexentry: eng/honor__Noun__1
written_rep: honor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: честь
sense_list:
(countable) A token of praise or respect; something that represents praiseworthiness or respect, such as a prize or award given by the state to a citizen. | A privilege (which honors the person experiencing it). | (in the plural) The privilege of going first.


lexentry: eng/honor__Verb__1
written_rep: honor
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: почита́ть | почти́ть | чтить
sense_list:
(transitive) To think of highly, to respect highly; to show respect for; to recognise the importance or spiritual value of.


lexentry: eng/honor__Verb__1
written_rep: honor
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: соблюда́ть | соблюсти́
sense_list:
(transitive) To conform to, abide by, act in accordance with (an agreement, treaty, promise, request, or the like).


lexentry: eng/honorary_Aryan__Noun__1
written_rep: honorary Aryan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: почётная арийка
sense_list:
(historical) A title accorded to the Japanese and some other people by Nazi Germany. Although of a different race, they were considered by the Nazis to possess qualities similar enough to German Nordic characteristics to warrant the designation.


lexentry: eng/honorary_consul__Noun__1
written_rep: honorary consul
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: почётный ко́нсул
sense_list:
A person representing a country as a local consul, who is a private person (without diplomatic immunity; not a career diplomat) and part-time representative, with their own primary pursuits, frequently a citizen of the country that is hosting the consul (a local citizen; not a citizen of the country being represented) or expatriate (citizen of the country being represented, living and working in the local country), frequently with commercial ties to the country being represented.


lexentry: eng/honour_killing__Noun__1
written_rep: honour killing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уби́йство че́сти
sense_list:
(euphemistic) A typically Middle Eastern and South Asian cultural practice whereby a family member, usually female, is murdered by other family members, the act being justified as retribution for a (usually sexual) slight upon the family's honour.


lexentry: eng/hooch__Noun__1
written_rep: hooch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: горилка
sense_list:
(North America, informal) An alcoholic beverage, especially an inferior or illicit one and especially liquor such as whisky.


lexentry: eng/hood_rat__Noun__1
written_rep: hood rat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крыса
sense_list:
(slang, African-American Vernacular English, pejorative) A person, especially a woman, from an urban neighborhood who overtly exhibits attributes associated with inner city life, especially in both behavior and appearance.


lexentry: eng/hoof__Noun__1
written_rep: hoof
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копы́то | копыто
sense_list:
The tip of a toe of an ungulate such as a horse, ox or deer, strengthened by a thick keratin covering.


lexentry: eng/hoof_fungus__Noun__1
written_rep: hoof fungus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: трутовик
sense_list:
Fomes fomentarius, a fungal plant pathogen found in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America, producing large polypore fruit bodies shaped like a horse's hoof.


lexentry: eng/hook__Noun__1
written_rep: hook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крюк | гак | крючо́к
sense_list:
A rod bent into a curved shape, typically with one end free and the other end secured to a rope or other attachment.


lexentry: eng/hook__Noun__1
written_rep: hook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: хук
sense_list:
A snare; a trap. | (narratology) A gimmick or element of a creative work intended to be attention-grabbing for the audience; a compelling idea for a story that will be sure to attract people's attention. | (music) A catchy musical phrase which forms the basis of a popular song. | (typography, rare) A háček. | (boxing) a type of punch delivered with the arm rigid and partially bent and the fist travelling nearly horizontally mesially along an arc | (golf) A golf shot that (for the right-handed player) curves unintentionally to the left. (See draw, slice, fade.)


lexentry: eng/hook__Verb__1
written_rep: hook
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: соединя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To connect (hook into, hook together). | (Scrabble) To play a word perpendicular to another word by adding a single letter to the existing word. | (intransitive) To bend; to be curved.


lexentry: eng/hook_shot__Noun__1
written_rep: hook shot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хук
sense_list:
(basketball) A shot in which the offensive player gently throws the ball with a sweeping motion of his arm in an upward arc with a follow-through which ends over his head.


lexentry: eng/hook_up__Verb__1
written_rep: hook up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: достигать
sense_list:
(intransitive, slang, followed by with) To have a casual sexual experience with another person, usually without any future relationship intended.


lexentry: eng/hook_up__Verb__1
written_rep: hook up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бинтовать
sense_list:
(idiomatic, slang) To give a good deal for buying something; to give something for free or to give more than the recipient is entitled to.


lexentry: eng/hookah__Noun__1
written_rep: hookah
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: калья́н | кальян
sense_list:
(recreational inhalants) A pipe with a long flexible tube that draws the smoke through water, traditionally used for smoking tobacco, which is often flavored.


lexentry: eng/hookswitch__Noun__1
written_rep: hookswitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рога́тка
sense_list:
The spring-loaded button on a telephone that is depressed by the action of returning the handset to the cradle, thus terminating the call.


lexentry: eng/hooligan__Noun__1
written_rep: hooligan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хулига́н | буя́н | дебоши́р | забия́ка | зади́ра | хулига́нка
sense_list:
(informal, attributive) A young person who causes trouble or violence, typically part of a group or gang.


lexentry: eng/hoop_earring__Noun__1
written_rep: hoop earring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: серьга
sense_list:
An earring that is circular or semi-circular in design, generally in the form of a hoop of metal that can be opened to pass through an ear-piercing.


lexentry: eng/hoop_skirt__Noun__1
written_rep: hoop skirt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кринолин
sense_list:
A women's undergarment worn in various historical periods to hold the skirt extended into a fashionable shape, typically consisting of a fabric petticoat with casings to hold a stiffening material, variously rope, osiers, whalebone, steel, or nylon.


lexentry: eng/hoopoe__Noun__1
written_rep: hoopoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: удо́д | удод
sense_list:
Any Old World bird of genus Upupa, especially Upupa epops (Eurasian hoopoe), known for its distinctive plumage, fanlike crest, and slender bill.


lexentry: eng/hooptie__Noun__1
written_rep: hooptie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: драндуле́т
sense_list:
(slang, African American) An old car that has been remodeled or reformed in some way, shape, or form.; a classic, a banger.


lexentry: eng/hop__Noun__2
written_rep: hop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хмель
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) The flowers of the hop plant, dried and used to brew beer etc. | (US, slang) Opium, or some other narcotic drug.


lexentry: eng/hop__Verb__1
written_rep: hop
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: пры́гать | пры́гнуть
sense_list:
(transitive) To suddenly take a mode of transportation that one does not drive oneself, often surreptitiously.


lexentry: eng/hope__Noun__1
written_rep: hope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наде́жда | надёжа | надежда
sense_list:
(countable, _, or, _, uncountable) The feeling of trust, confidence, belief or expectation that something wished for can or will happen.


lexentry: eng/hope__Verb__1
written_rep: hope
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наде́яться | упова́ть | надеяться
sense_list:
To want something to happen, with a sense of expectation that it might [with that (+ clause) or clause or so].


lexentry: eng/hoplite__Noun__1
written_rep: hoplite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гопли́т | гоплит
sense_list:
(historical) A heavily-armed infantry soldier of Ancient Greece, wielding a one-handed spear and an aspis.


lexentry: eng/hopper__Noun__1
written_rep: hopper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: воронка
sense_list:
A temporary storage bin, filled from the top and emptied from the bottom, often funnel-shaped. | A bin or device that feeds material into a machine.


lexentry: eng/hopscotch__Noun__1
written_rep: hopscotch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кла́ссики | классики
sense_list:
(playground games) A child's game, in which a player, hopping on one foot, drives a stone from one compartment to another of a figure traced or scotched on the ground.


lexentry: eng/horcrux__Noun__1
written_rep: horcrux
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крестра́ж
sense_list:
In Harry Potter, an object in which a wizard has concealed a part of their soul through magic, rendering them immortal until the object is irreparably damaged or destroyed.


lexentry: eng/horde__Noun__1
written_rep: horde
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: орда́ | по́лчище
sense_list:
A wandering troop or gang; especially, a clan or tribe of a nomadic people (originally Tatars) migrating from place to place for the sake of pasturage, plunder, etc.; a predatory multitude. | A large number of people or things.


lexentry: eng/horehound__Noun__1
written_rep: horehound
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ша́ндра
sense_list:
especially, a herb of species (Marrubium vulgare, of the mint family, traditionally used as a cough remedy and to make a type of hard candy.


lexentry: eng/horizon__Noun__1
written_rep: horizon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: горизо́нт | небоскло́н | горизонт
sense_list:
The visible horizontal line (in all directions) where the sky appears to meet the earth in the distance.


lexentry: eng/horizontal_bar__Noun__1
written_rep: horizontal bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перекла́дина | турни́к
sense_list:
(gymnastics) A horizontally-aligned bar used in gymnastics, upon which acts of swinging are performed.


lexentry: eng/hormone__Noun__1
written_rep: hormone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гормо́н | инкре́т | гормон
sense_list:
(physiology) Any substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another to effect physiological activity.


lexentry: eng/hormone__Noun__1
written_rep: hormone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гормон
sense_list:
(LGBTQ, colloquial, usually, in the plural) Sex hormones, as used in hormone replacement therapy for transgender or intersex people. | (pharmacology) A synthetic compound with the same activity.


lexentry: eng/horn__Noun__1
written_rep: horn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: рог | рожок
sense_list:
Any similar real or imaginary growth or projection such as the elongated tusk of a narwhal, the eyestalk of a snail, the pointed growth on the nose of a rhinoceros, or the hornlike projection on the head of a demon or similar.


lexentry: eng/horn__Noun__1
written_rep: horn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: рог
sense_list:
(uncountable) The hard substance from which animals' horns are made, sometimes used by man as a material for making various objects.


lexentry: eng/hornbeam__Noun__1
written_rep: hornbeam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: граб
sense_list:
A tree of the genus Carpinus, having a smooth gray bark and a ridged trunk, the wood being white and very hard, common along the banks of streams in the United States.


lexentry: eng/hornbill__Noun__1
written_rep: hornbill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пти́ца-носоро́г
sense_list:
Any of various birds of the family Bucerotidae, with bills resembling a cow's horns. Many species have a casque above the bill, and many imprison their young in a tree.


lexentry: eng/hornblende__Noun__1
written_rep: hornblende
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рогова́я обма́нка
sense_list:
(mineral) A green to black amphibole mineral, of complex structure, formed in the late stages of cooling in igneous rock.


lexentry: eng/hornbook__Noun__1
written_rep: hornbook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́збука
sense_list:
(historical) A single page containing the alphabet, covered with a sheet of transparent horn, formerly used for teaching children to read. | (law) A legal textbook that provides a basic overview of a particular area of law.


lexentry: eng/horned_lizard__Noun__1
written_rep: horned lizard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жабови́дная я́щерица
sense_list:
Any of some 14 species of lizard in the genus Phrynosoma, generally with wide toad-shaped bodies less than a foot long, noted for the horny structures on their heads.


lexentry: eng/horned_owl__Noun__1
written_rep: horned owl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фи́лин
sense_list:
An owl of the genus Bubo native to the Americas, among the largest types of owl, having two horn-like tufts of feathers on its head.


lexentry: eng/horned_puffin__Noun__1
written_rep: horned puffin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ипа́тка | тихоокеа́нский ту́пик
sense_list:
A species of puffin, Fratercula corniculata, similar in appearance to the Atlantic puffin except with different bill colours and a significant fleshy "horn" above each eye.


lexentry: eng/hornet__Noun__1
written_rep: hornet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ше́ршень | шершень
sense_list:
A large wasp, of the genus Vespa, having a brown-and-yellow-striped body and the ability to inflict a serious sting.


lexentry: eng/hornets'_nest__Noun__1
written_rep: hornets' nest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: оси́ное гнездо́
sense_list:
(figurative) An unpleasant or controversial situation likely to be exacerbated by outside involvement.


lexentry: eng/hornfels__Noun__1
written_rep: hornfels
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: роговик
sense_list:
Any of a series of contact metamorphic rocks that have been baked and indurated by the heat of intrusive igneous masses and rendered massive, hard, splintery, and in some cases exceedingly tough and durable.


lexentry: eng/horny__Adjective__2
written_rep: horny
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: возбуждённый
sense_list:
(slang) Sexually aroused, with or without physical manifestation; experiencing a feeling of sexual desire.


lexentry: eng/horology__Noun__1
written_rep: horology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хороло́гия
sense_list:
The art, science, and technology of making and maintaining timekeeping devices such as clocks, watches and sundials.


lexentry: eng/horoscope__Noun__1
written_rep: horoscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гороско́п
sense_list:
The position of the planets and stars at the moment of someone's birth; a diagram of such positions. | An astrological forecast of a person's future based on such information.


lexentry: eng/horribly__Adverb__1
written_rep: horribly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стра́шно | ужа́сно
sense_list:
(manner) In a horrible way; very badly. | (degree, often modifying a negative adverb or adjective) To an extreme degree or extent. | (evaluative) With a very bad effect.


lexentry: eng/horripilation__Noun__1
written_rep: horripilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гуси́ная ко́жа
sense_list:
A real or fancied bristling of the hair of the head or body, resulting from disease, terror, chilliness, etc.


lexentry: eng/horror__Noun__1
written_rep: horror
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: у́жас | ужа́стик | хо́ррор
sense_list:
(countable) An individual work in this genre. | (uncountable) A genre of fiction designed to evoke a feeling of fear and suspense.


lexentry: eng/horror_movie__Noun__1
written_rep: horror movie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ужа́стик | фильм у́жасов | хо́ррор
sense_list:
(mostly, North America) A motion picture which entertains by horrifying or frightening the audience.


lexentry: eng/hors_d'oeuvre__Noun__1
written_rep: hors d'oeuvre
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заку́ска | переку́с | переку́ска
sense_list:
(food) A small, light, and usually savory first course in a meal. | (by extension) Anything of secondary concern; not the primary thing. | (dated, rare) Something unusual or extraordinary.


lexentry: eng/horse__Noun__1
written_rep: horse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конь | лошадь
sense_list:
(chess, informal) The chess piece representing a knight, depicted as a horse. | Equipment with legs. | (nautical) A type of equipment. | (dated, slang, among students) A translation or other illegitimate aid in study or examination.


lexentry: eng/horse__Noun__1
written_rep: horse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конь | лошадь | ло́шадь
sense_list:
Any member of the species Equus ferus, including the Przewalski's horse and the extinct Equus ferus ferus.


lexentry: eng/horse_chestnut__Noun__1
written_rep: horse chestnut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́нский кашта́н
sense_list:
Any of several tree species of genus Aesculus, especially Aesculus hippocastanum, common in temperate northern hemisphere. | The large nutlike seed of these trees.


lexentry: eng/horse_collar__Noun__1
written_rep: horse collar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хому́т
sense_list:
A part of a horse's harness that is used to distribute the load around its neck and shoulders when pulling a wagon or plough.


lexentry: eng/horse_latitudes__Noun__1
written_rep: horse latitudes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́нские широ́ты
sense_list:
(informal, geography, meteorology) The warm, subtropical bands which encircle the globe between approximately 30 and 35 degrees both north and south of the Equator, characterized by high atmospheric pressure and dry variable winds ranging from calm to light.


lexentry: eng/horse_of_a_different_color__Noun__1
written_rep: horse of a different color
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: совсе́м друго́е де́ло
sense_list:
(American spelling, idiomatic) An unrelated or only incidentally related matter with distinctly different significance.


lexentry: eng/horsefly__Noun__1
written_rep: horsefly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сле́пень
sense_list:
Any of several medium to large flies, of the family Tabanidae, that suck the blood of mammals (not to be confused with Stomoxys calcitrans, the stable fly, or dog fly).


lexentry: eng/horseradish__Noun__1
written_rep: horseradish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хрен
sense_list:
(countable) A plant of the mustard family, Armoracia rusticana, cultivated for its edible root. | (uncountable) A pungent condiment made from the root of the plant.


lexentry: eng/horseshoe__Noun__1
written_rep: horseshoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подко́ва | подкова
sense_list:
The U-shaped shoe of a horse, now typically made of metal; by extension, a representation of this used to play the game horseshoes, hung as a luck charm, etc.


lexentry: eng/horseshoe_crab__Noun__1
written_rep: horseshoe crab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: краб-подко́ва | мечехво́ст
sense_list:
(especially) Any extant xiphosuran in the family Limulidae. | Any extinct or extant chelicerate in the order Xiphosura, actually more related to arachnids than true crabs.


lexentry: eng/horseshoe_vetch__Noun__1
written_rep: horseshoe vetch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подко́ва | подко́вка | подко́вник
sense_list:
Hippocrepis genus and any species in it | often Hippocrepis comosa specifically, tufted horseshoe vetch


lexentry: eng/horsetail__Noun__1
written_rep: horsetail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хвощ
sense_list:
(botany) Any of various simple vascular plants, of the order Equisetales, that have hollow stems and produce spores.


lexentry: eng/hosanna__Interjection__1
written_rep: hosanna
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оса́нна
sense_list:
A cry of praise or adoration to God in liturgical use among the Jews, and said to have been shouted in recognition of the Messiahship of Jesus on his entry into Jerusalem; hence since used in the Christian Church.


lexentry: eng/hospice__Noun__1
written_rep: hospice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хо́спис
sense_list:
(uncountable) The provision of palliative care for terminally ill patients, either at a specialized facility or at a residence, and support for the family, typically refraining from taking extraordinary measures to prolong life.


lexentry: eng/hospital__Noun__1
written_rep: hospital
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: больни́ца | го́спиталь | кли́ника | лече́бница | больница
sense_list:
A large medical facility, usually in a building with multiple floors, where seriously ill or injured patients are given extensive medical or surgical treatment.


lexentry: eng/hospitality__Noun__1
written_rep: hospitality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гостеприи́мство | раду́шие | хлебосо́льство
sense_list:
The act or service of welcoming, receiving, hosting, or entertaining guests; an appropriate attitude of openness, respect, and generosity toward guests.


lexentry: eng/hospitality__Noun__1
written_rep: hospitality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гости́ничный би́знес | обслу́живание | хоспита́лити
sense_list:
(business) The business of providing catering, lodging and entertainment service; the industry which includes the operation of hotels, restaurants, and similar enterprises.


lexentry: eng/hospitalization__Noun__1
written_rep: hospitalization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: госпитализа́ция
sense_list:
The hospitalizing of a patient, the condition of being hospitalized, or the period a patient stays in hospital.


lexentry: eng/hospitalize__Verb__1
written_rep: hospitalize
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: To send to hospital; to admit (a person) to hospital.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[помести́ть]] в [[больница|больни́цу]] | [[помеща́ть]] в [[больница|больни́цу]] | госпитализи́ровать


lexentry: eng/host__Noun__1
written_rep: host
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: кле́тка-хозя́ин | органи́зм-хозя́ин
sense_list:
(ecology) A cell or organism which harbors another organism or biological entity, usually a parasite.


lexentry: eng/host__Noun__2
written_rep: host
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: во́йско | рать
sense_list:
A multitude of people arrayed as an army; used also in religious senses, as: Heavenly host (of angels)


lexentry: eng/hostage__Noun__1
written_rep: hostage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зало́жник | зало́жница | заложник
sense_list:
A person given as a pledge or security for the performance of the conditions of a treaty or similar agreement, such as to ensure the status of a vassal.


lexentry: eng/hostage_to_fortune__Noun__1
written_rep: hostage to fortune
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(chiefly, Britain) An action, promise, or remark that is considered unwise because it could be difficult to fulfil or could cause trouble later on.

trans_list:
[[опрометчивый|опроме́тчивое]] [[заявле́ние]] | [[пустой|пусто́е]] [[обеща́ние]] | бросать слова на ветер


lexentry: eng/hostage_to_fortune__Noun__1
written_rep: hostage to fortune
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (chiefly, US) A person or thing whose fate is seen as dependent on chance or luck.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[игру́шка]] в [[рука|рука́х]] [[судьба|судьбы́]] | в [[подвешенный|подве́шенном]] [[состояние|состоя́нии]] | во [[власть|вла́сти]] [[судьба́|судьбы́]] | на [[ми́лость]] [[судьба|судьбы́]] | на [[острие́]] [[нож|ножа́]]


lexentry: eng/hostel__Noun__1
written_rep: hostel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мини-оте́ль | общежи́тие | турба́за | хо́стел | хосте́л
sense_list:
A commercial overnight lodging place, with dormitory accommodation and shared facilities, especially a youth hostel.


lexentry: eng/hostile__Adjective__1
written_rep: hostile
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вражде́бный | вра́жеский | неприя́тельский
sense_list:
Not friendly; appropriate to an enemy; showing the disposition of an enemy; showing ill will and malevolence or a desire to thwart and injure.


lexentry: eng/hostility__Noun__1
written_rep: hostility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[вражде́бный]] акт
sense_list:
(countable) A hostile action, especially a military action. See hostilities for specific plural definition.


lexentry: eng/hostler__Noun__1
written_rep: hostler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ремонтный слесарь
sense_list:
(by extension, US) A railway worker employed to care for a locomotive or other large engine; especially, a yard jockey.


lexentry: eng/hot-air_balloon__Noun__1
written_rep: hot-air balloon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аэроста́т | возду́шный шар | монгольфье́р
sense_list:
A balloon-shaped aircraft whose bag is inflated with hot air, carrying passengers and crew in a gondola slung underneath.


lexentry: eng/hot_dog__Noun__1
written_rep: hot dog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хот-до́г
sense_list:
A food item (dish) consisting of a frankfurter or wiener and (usually) a hot dog bun, with toppings such as ketchup, mustard, relish, sauerkraut, onions, cheese, etc.


lexentry: eng/hot_flush__Noun__1
written_rep: hot flush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: волнение
sense_list:
(UK, Canada, AU, NZ) A sudden, but brief, sensation of heat over the entire body; a common symptom of the menopause.


lexentry: eng/hot_pot__Noun__1
written_rep: hot pot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хо-го | хого | хот-по́т
sense_list:
A communal meal, popular in China, where diners share a bowl of hot broth or stock into which uncooked foods such as mushrooms, vegetables, and cuts of meat are dipped until they are cooked enough to be eaten.


lexentry: eng/hot_potato__Noun__1
written_rep: hot potato
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карто́шка
sense_list:
(uncountable) A child's game in which players pass a ball or other item between them, with the object of avoiding being left holding the item when time expires.


lexentry: eng/hot_spot__Noun__1
written_rep: hot spot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[горячий|горя́чая]] [[то́чка]]
sense_list:
(geology, planetology) The surface manifestation of a plume of molten material that rises from deep in a celestial body's mantle. | A dangerous place of violent political unrest.


lexentry: eng/hot_water_bottle__Noun__1
written_rep: hot water bottle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: термофор | гре́лка
sense_list:
A flexible, saclike bottle, usually made of rubber, intended to be filled with hot water and placed on some part of the body for thermotherapy, or simple warming.


lexentry: eng/hot_water_heater__Noun__1
written_rep: hot water heater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водонагрева́тель | водоподогрева́тель
sense_list:
An apparatus, usually fuel-burning, electric or solar-powered, in which water is heated to be used directly as domestic hot water or process hot water (but not for supplying space heating, calorifiers etc, for which a boiler or furnace is used).


lexentry: eng/hotbed__Noun__1
written_rep: hotbed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: парни́к
sense_list:
A low bed of earth covered with glass, and heated with rotting manure, used for the germination of seeds and the growth of tender plants, like a miniature hothouse.


lexentry: eng/hotbed__Noun__1
written_rep: hotbed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: расса́дник
sense_list:
(by extension) An environment that is ideal for the growth or development of something, especially of something undesirable.


lexentry: eng/hotel__Noun__1
written_rep: hotel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гости́ница | оте́ль | гостиница | отель
sense_list:
An establishment that provides accommodation and other services for paying guests; normally larger than a guesthouse, and often one of a chain. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/hothouse__Noun__1
written_rep: hothouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: теплица
sense_list:
A heated greenhouse. | (figurative) An environment in which growth or development is encouraged naturally or artificially; a hotbed.


lexentry: eng/hound's_tongue__Noun__1
written_rep: hound's tongue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черноко́рень лека́рственный
sense_list:
A biennial weed (Cynoglossum officinale) with soft tongue-shaped leaves and an offensive odour. It bears nutlets covered with barbed or hooked prickles.


lexentry: eng/hour__Noun__1
written_rep: hour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: час | вре́мя | годи́на
sense_list:
(Christianity, in the plural) The set times of prayer, the canonical hours, the offices or services prescribed for these, or a book containing them.


lexentry: eng/house-search__Noun__1
written_rep: house-search
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обыск
sense_list:
A thorough search of a home or other privately owned real estate as part of an official (notably judicial) investigation.


lexentry: eng/house__Noun__1
written_rep: house
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дом
sense_list:
A structure built or serving as an abode of human beings. [from 9th c.] | (Hong Kong, only used in names) An apartment building within a public housing estate. | A place of business; a company or organisation, especially a printing press, a publishing company, or a couturier. [from 10th c.] | A place of public accommodation or entertainment, especially a public house, an inn, a restaurant, a theatre, or a casino; or the management thereof. [from 10th c.] | (astrology) One of the twelve divisions of an astrological chart. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/house__Noun__1
written_rep: house
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: пала́та | дом
sense_list:
A building used for something other than a residence (typically with qualifying word). [from 10th c.] | (politics) A building where a deliberative assembly meets; whence the assembly itself, particularly a component of a legislature. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/house__Noun__1
written_rep: house
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: дом | дина́стия
sense_list:
A dynasty; a family with its ancestors and descendants, especially a royal or noble one. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/house_arrest__Noun__1
written_rep: house arrest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дома́шний аре́ст
sense_list:
(legal) Confinement of a person to his or her residence, sometimes with a limited travel allowance, ordered by a judge or other authority as a more lenient alternative to imprisonment.


lexentry: eng/house_music__Noun__1
written_rep: house music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ха́ус
sense_list:
(music genre) A particular type of electronic dance music with an uptempo beat and recurring kickdrum.


lexentry: eng/house_number__Noun__1
written_rep: house number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: номер дома
sense_list:
The number (street address) assigned to a particular house to distinguish it from other buildings on the same street.


lexentry: eng/house_of_cards__Noun__1
written_rep: house of cards
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́рточный до́мик | карточный домик
sense_list:
A structure made by stacking playing cards in a pyramidal fashion. | (figurative, idiomatic) A structure or argument built on a shaky foundation.


lexentry: eng/house_sparrow__Noun__1
written_rep: house sparrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воробе́й | воробе́й обыкнове́нный
sense_list:
A bird of the species Passer domesticus, native to much of Eurasia, introduced in many other temperate environments.


lexentry: eng/house_wine__Noun__1
written_rep: house wine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дома́шнее вино́
sense_list:
A relatively inexpensive wine sold in a restaurant, often by the glass as well as by the bottle or unmarked carafe; both red and white are normally offered.


lexentry: eng/household_deity__Noun__1
written_rep: household deity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: домово́й
sense_list:
(mythology, religion) A minor tutelary deity watching over a household, usually conceived as a protective ancestral spirit or genius loci.


lexentry: eng/housekeeper__Noun__1
written_rep: housekeeper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: домоправи́тельница | эконо́мка
sense_list:
Someone (traditionally a woman) employed to look after the home, typically by managing domestic servants or superintending household management; also someone with equivalent duties in a hotel, institution etc. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/housekeeper__Noun__1
written_rep: housekeeper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: домрабо́тница | эконо́мка
sense_list:
Someone who manages the running of a home, traditionally the female head of the household. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/housemaid__Noun__1
written_rep: housemaid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: горничная
sense_list:
A female domestic worker attached to the non-servant quarter part of the house, as opposed to a scullery maid.


lexentry: eng/housewife__Noun__1
written_rep: housewife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: домохозя́йка | домохозяйка
sense_list:
(plural "housewives") The wife of a householder; the mistress of a family; the female head of a household.


lexentry: eng/housing_estate__Noun__1
written_rep: housing estate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: микрорайон
sense_list:
A group of often architecturally similar buildings constructed at the same time, primarily for residential accommodation.


lexentry: eng/hoverboard__Noun__1
written_rep: hoverboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ховерборд
sense_list:
(mostly, science fiction) A levitating board that can be ridden in the manner of a surfboard or skateboard.


lexentry: eng/hovercraft__Noun__1
written_rep: hovercraft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: СВП | су́дно на возду́шной поду́шке | хо́веркра́фт
sense_list:
(vehicle, genericized trademark) A vehicle supported on a cushion of air, able to traverse many different types of terrain and travel over water, used for transport.


lexentry: eng/hoverfly__Noun__1
written_rep: hoverfly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: журча́лка
sense_list:
Any of various flies from the family Syrphidae that hover in the air and feed on the nectar of flowers.


lexentry: eng/how__Adverb__1
written_rep: how
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: как
sense_list:
(exclamative) Used as a modifier to indicate surprise, delight, or other strong feelings in an exclamation.


lexentry: eng/how_are_you__Phrase__1
written_rep: how are you
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как дела́? | как пожива́ете? | как пожива́ешь?
sense_list:
(idiomatic) An informal greeting, not requiring a literal response. In form a question, and thus followed by a question mark. Typical responses include:


lexentry: eng/how_do_you_do__Phrase__1
written_rep: how do you do
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как дела́? | о́чень прия́тно | прия́тно познако́миться
sense_list:
(formal, dated) A greeting used upon being introduced to someone. Alternatives are how are you, pleased to meet you, and nice to meet you. (Sometimes used as a rhetorical question among familiar parties, depending on the region).


lexentry: eng/how_old_are_you__Phrase__1
written_rep: how old are you
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ско́лько вам лет? | ско́лько тебе́ лет?
sense_list:
Asks the age of the interlocutor. | (impolite) Used to question the mental age (maturity) of the interlocutor.


lexentry: eng/howitzer__Noun__1
written_rep: howitzer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: га́убица | гаубица
sense_list:
A cannon that combines certain characteristics of field guns and mortars, delivering projectiles with medium velocities, usually with relatively high trajectories; normally a cannon with a tube length of 20 to 30 calibers.


lexentry: eng/huangjiu__Noun__1
written_rep: huangjiu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жёлтое вино́ | хуанцзю́
sense_list:
A class of Chinese alcoholic beverages made from fermented grains including rice, millet, and wheat, typically 10–20% alcohol by volume.


lexentry: eng/hue__Noun__1
written_rep: hue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отте́нок
sense_list:
A color, or shade of color; tint; dye. | The characteristic related to the light frequency that appears in the color, for instance red, yellow, green, cyan, blue or magenta.


lexentry: eng/hug__Noun__1
written_rep: hug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: объя́тие | обнима́ние
sense_list:
A close embrace, especially when charged with an emotion such as affection, joy, relief, lust, anger, aggression, compassion, and the like, as opposed to being characterized by formality, equivocation or ambivalence (a half-embrace or "little hug").


lexentry: eng/huh__Interjection__1
written_rep: huh
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: а | да
sense_list:
(with rising pitch) Used to reinforce a question. | (informal, with falling pitch) Used to create a tag question.


lexentry: eng/huh__Interjection__1
written_rep: huh
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: а | да | да ну | ха | что
sense_list:
(slang, with falling pitch) Used either to belittle the issuer of a statement/question, or sarcastically to indicate utter agreement, and that the statement being responded to is an extreme understatement. The intonation is changed to distinguish between the two meanings - implied dullness for belittlement, and feigned surprise for utter agreement.


lexentry: eng/hula__Noun__1
written_rep: hula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ху́ла
sense_list:
A form of chant and dance, which was developed in the Hawaiian Islands by the Polynesians who originally settled there.


lexentry: eng/hula_hoop__Noun__1
written_rep: hula hoop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́бруч | ху́ла-ху́п
sense_list:
A toy in the form of a large hoop which is twirled around various parts of the body, especially the waist.


lexentry: eng/hulk__Noun__1
written_rep: hulk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блокшив
sense_list:
(by extension) A non-functional but floating ship, usually stripped of equipment and rigging, and often put to other uses such as accommodation or storage.


lexentry: eng/hull__Noun__2
written_rep: hull
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ко́рпус | ку́зов | фюзеля́ж
sense_list:
(mathematics, geometry, of a set A) The smallest set that possesses a particular property (such as convexity) and contains every point of A; slightly more formally, the intersection of all sets which possess the specified property and of which A is a subset.


lexentry: eng/hum__Noun__1
written_rep: hum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жужжа́ние
sense_list:
A hummed tune, i.e. created orally with lips closed. | An often indistinct sound resembling human humming.


lexentry: eng/hum__Verb__1
written_rep: hum
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жужжа́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a sound from the vocal cords without pronouncing any real words, with one's lips closed.


lexentry: eng/human__Adjective__1
written_rep: human
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: людско́й | челове́ческий | человеческий
sense_list:
(notcomp) Of or belonging to the species Homo sapiens or its closest relatives. | (comparable) Having the nature or attributes of a human being.


lexentry: eng/human__Noun__1
written_rep: human
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: челове́к | лю́ди
sense_list:
(fantasy, scifi, mythology) A human as contrasted from superficially similar but typically more powerful humanoid creatures; a member of the human race.


lexentry: eng/human_being__Noun__1
written_rep: human being
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лю́ди | челове́к
sense_list:
A person; a large sapient, bipedal primate, with notably less hair than others of that order, of the species Homo sapiens.


lexentry: eng/human_capital__Noun__1
written_rep: human capital
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: челове́ческий капита́л
sense_list:
(economics) The stock of competencies, knowledge, habits, social and personality attributes, including creativity, cognitive abilities, embodied in the ability to perform labor so as to produce economic value.


lexentry: eng/human_chain__Noun__1
written_rep: human chain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: живая цепь
sense_list:
(politics) A form of demonstration in which people link their arms as a show of political solidarity.


lexentry: eng/human_condition__Noun__1
written_rep: human condition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: челове́ческое усло́вие | человече́ская ситуа́ция
sense_list:
(usually, preceded by the) What it means to be human; the experiences, characteristics, and limitations of life shared by all humans, as opposed to other lifeforms.


lexentry: eng/human_immunodeficiency_virus__Noun__1
written_rep: human immunodeficiency virus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ви́рус иммунодефици́та челове́ка
sense_list:
(virology) Either of the two related viruses, human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) that progressively destroy the body's immune system and can potentially lead to AIDS.


lexentry: eng/human_resources__Noun__1
written_rep: human resources
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: HR | ка́дровая слу́жба | челове́ческие ресу́рсы | эйч-а́р
sense_list:
(management) The personnel department of an organization, dealing with the recruitment, administration, management and training of employees.


lexentry: eng/human_rights__Noun__1
written_rep: human rights
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пра́во челове́ка | права́ челове́ка
sense_list:
(international law) The set of basic rights and freedoms that all humans should be guaranteed, including the right to life and liberty, freedom of thought and expression, and equality before the law.


lexentry: eng/human_shield__Noun__1
written_rep: human shield
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[живо́й]] щит | [[челове́ческий]] щит
sense_list:
(military) Civilians which a military group has deliberately placed combat targets near to deter an enemy from attacking those targets.


lexentry: eng/human_trafficking__Noun__1
written_rep: human trafficking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[торго́вля]] [[люди|людьми́]] | тра́фикинг
sense_list:
A criminal activity in which people are recruited, harbored, transported, bought, or kidnapped to serve an exploitative purpose, such as sexual slavery, forced labor, or child soldiery.


lexentry: eng/humane__Adjective__1
written_rep: humane
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гуманита́рный
sense_list:
Pertaining to branches of learning concerned with human affairs or the humanities, especially classical literature or rhetoric.


lexentry: eng/humanism__Noun__1
written_rep: humanism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гумани́зм | гуманизм
sense_list:
(historical, often capitalized) Specifically, a cultural and intellectual movement in 14th-16th century Europe characterised by attention to classical culture and a promotion of vernacular texts, notably during the Renaissance. [from 19th c.] | An ethical system that centers on humans and their values, needs, interests, abilities, dignity and freedom; especially used for a secular one which rejects theistic religion and superstition. [from 19th c.] | Humanitarianism, philanthropy.


lexentry: eng/humanitarian_corridor__Noun__1
written_rep: humanitarian corridor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гуманита́рный коридо́р
sense_list:
A type of temporary demilitarized zone intended to allow the safe transit of humanitarian aid into, and/or refugees out of, a crisis-hit region.


lexentry: eng/humanity__Noun__1
written_rep: humanity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гума́нность | челове́чность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being benevolent; humane traits of character; humane qualities or aspects.


lexentry: eng/humanoid__Adjective__1
written_rep: humanoid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: человекоподо́бный
sense_list:
Having the appearance or characteristics of a human; being anthropomorphic under some criteria (physical, mental, genetical, ethological, ethical etc.).


lexentry: eng/humectant__Noun__1
written_rep: humectant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: увлажни́тель
sense_list:
Any substance that promotes the retention of water, especially one used to keep a food product moist.


lexentry: eng/humid__Adjective__1
written_rep: humid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вла́жный
sense_list:
Containing perceptible moisture (usually describing air or atmosphere); damp; moist; somewhat wet or watery.


lexentry: eng/humidor__Noun__1
written_rep: humidor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хьюмидо́р
sense_list:
A container designed to keep its contents at a constant humidity; especially such a box for storing cigars.


lexentry: eng/humiliation__Noun__1
written_rep: humiliation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: униже́ние
sense_list:
The act of humiliating or humbling someone; abasement of pride; mortification. | The state of being humiliated, humbled or reduced to lowliness or submission.


lexentry: eng/hummingbird_hawkmoth__Noun__1
written_rep: hummingbird hawkmoth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: большехо́ботник звёздчатый | языка́н обыкнове́нный
sense_list:
Any of various sphingid moths of the genus Macroglossum, especially Macroglossum stellatarum, which, like hummingbirds, hover in front of flowers to feed.


lexentry: eng/hummus__Noun__1
written_rep: hummus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ху́мус | хумус
sense_list:
A Levantine Arab dip made of chickpea paste with various additions, such as olive oil, fresh garlic, lemon juice, and tahini, often eaten with pitta bread, or as a meze.


lexentry: eng/humorist__Noun__1
written_rep: humorist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: юмори́ст | юмори́стка
sense_list:
A humorous or witty person, especially someone skilled in humorous writing or performance. [from 17th c.] | One who studies or portrays the humours of people.


lexentry: eng/humour__Noun__1
written_rep: humour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: настрое́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) A mood, especially a bad mood; a temporary state of mind or disposition brought upon by an event; an abrupt illogical inclination or whim.


lexentry: eng/humour__Noun__1
written_rep: humour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гумор
sense_list:
(archaic, or, historical) Any of the fluids in an animal body, especially the four "cardinal humours" of blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm that were believed to control the health and mood of the human body.


lexentry: eng/humour__Noun__1
written_rep: humour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ю́мор | юмор
sense_list:
(medicine) Either of the two regions of liquid within the eyeball, the aqueous humour and vitreous humour.


lexentry: eng/hump__Noun__1
written_rep: hump
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: горб
sense_list:
A deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine. | A rounded fleshy mass, such as on a camel or zebu.


lexentry: eng/humph__Interjection__1
written_rep: humph
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гм | хм
sense_list:
(onomatopoeia) A sound, usually made with a closed mouth pouting, indicating annoyance, indignation, disapproval, doubt, or sighing.


lexentry: eng/humuhumunukunukuapuaa__Noun__1
written_rep: humuhumunukunukuapuaa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Пика́ссо прямоуго́льчатый | разрисо́ванный Пика́ссо
sense_list:
Rhinecanthus rectangulus, a species of triggerfish found in the coral reefs of many of the oceans. It is characterized by a noticeably large snout and blue lips that resemble that of a pig’s snout.


lexentry: eng/humus__Noun__1
written_rep: humus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гу́мус | перегно́й | гумус
sense_list:
A large group of natural organic compounds, found in the soil, formed from the chemical and biological decomposition of plant and animal residues and from the synthetic activity of microorganisms.


lexentry: eng/hunch__Verb__1
written_rep: hunch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: го́рбиться | сгиба́ться | суту́литься
sense_list:
(transitive) To thrust a hump or protuberance out of (something); to crook, as the back. | (transitive) To push or jostle with the elbow; to push or thrust against (someone).


lexentry: eng/hundred__Noun__1
written_rep: hundred
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: со́тня
sense_list:
(historical) An administrative subdivision of southern English counties formerly reckoned as comprising 100 hides (households or families) and notionally equal to 12,000 acres.


lexentry: eng/hundredweight__Noun__1
written_rep: hundredweight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: центнер
sense_list:
(historical) Various units of ancient measurement systems consisting of 100 units usually translated as "pounds".


lexentry: eng/hung__Adjective__1
written_rep: hung
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: косный
sense_list:
(computing, colloquial) Of a computer or similar device, receiving power but not functioning as desired; working very slowly or not at all. The condition is often corrected by rebooting the computer.


lexentry: eng/hung_jury__Noun__1
written_rep: hung jury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[прися́жные]], несумевшие прийти к единому [[реше́нию]]
sense_list:
(legal) A jury in a legal trial that is unable to reach or come to a verdict because the jurors cannot agree on a decision.


lexentry: eng/hunger__Verb__1
written_rep: hunger
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: алкать | жа́ждать
sense_list:
(figuratively, intransitive, usually, _, with 'for' or 'after') To have a desire (for); to long; to yearn.


lexentry: eng/hungry_ghost__Noun__1
written_rep: hungry ghost
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преты
sense_list:
(Buddhism, Chinese folk religion) A type of supernatural being, condemned to desire more than it can consume; often depicted with large belly and tiny mouth.


lexentry: eng/hunter-gatherer__Noun__1
written_rep: hunter-gatherer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: охо́тник-собира́тель
sense_list:
A member of a group of people who live by hunting animals and gathering edible plants for their main food sources, and who do not keep animals or farm land.


lexentry: eng/hunting__Noun__1
written_rep: hunting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: охо́та
sense_list:
The act of finding and killing a wild animal, either for sport or with the intention of using its parts to make food, clothes, etc.


lexentry: eng/hunting_knife__Noun__1
written_rep: hunting knife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: охо́тничий нож
sense_list:
A knife optimized for use in hunting animals, usually with a substantial belly and sometimes with a back edge that is partially serrated#Adjective for sawing#Noun; fixed-blade and folding versions are both popular, and tasks such as field dressing, skinning#Noun, and bushcraft are anticipated.


lexentry: eng/hurdle__Noun__1
written_rep: hurdle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барье́р | препя́тствие
sense_list:
(athletics, horses) An artificial barrier, variously constructed, over which athletes or horses jump in a race.


lexentry: eng/hurdle__Noun__1
written_rep: hurdle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: плете́нь
sense_list:
A movable frame of wattled twigs, osiers, or withes and stakes, or sometimes of iron, used for enclosing land, for folding sheep and cattle, for gates, etc.; also, in fortification, used as revetments, and for other purposes.


lexentry: eng/hurdy-gurdy__Noun__1
written_rep: hurdy-gurdy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колёсная ли́ра
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A stringed instrument that produces a droning sound by turning a handle that connects to a wheel that rubs against a rosined string, with a keyboard also used to alter the pitch of the string.


lexentry: eng/hurricane__Noun__1
written_rep: hurricane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: урага́н | ураган
sense_list:
A severe tropical cyclone in the North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, or in the eastern North Pacific off the west coast of Mexico, with winds of 119 km/h (74 miles per hour) or greater accompanied by rain, lightning, and thunder that sometimes moves into temperate latitudes. | (cocktails) A sweet alcoholic drink made with rum, lemon juice (or sometimes other fruit juice), and either passion fruit syrup or fassionola.


lexentry: eng/hurry__Verb__1
written_rep: hurry
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: спешить
sense_list:
(intransitive) Often with up, to speed up the rate of doing something. | (transitive) To hasten; to impel to greater speed; to urge on.


lexentry: eng/hurt_a_fly__Verb__1
written_rep: hurt a fly
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: му́хи не оби́дит
sense_list:
(idiomatic, chiefly in the negative, chiefly with a conditional) To hurt or damage something even a little.


lexentry: eng/hurtle__Verb__1
written_rep: hurtle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: донести́сь | мча́ться | нести́сь | пронести́сь | снести́сь
sense_list:
To cause (someone or something) to collide with or hit another person or thing; or (two people or things) to collide with or hit each other.


lexentry: eng/husband_and_wife__Noun__1
written_rep: husband and wife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: муж и жена́ | супру́ги
sense_list:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see husband,‎ and,‎ wife. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/husbandry__Noun__1
written_rep: husbandry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: земледе́лие | се́льское хозя́йство
sense_list:
The occupation or work of a husbandman or farmer; the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock; agriculture.


lexentry: eng/husk__Noun__1
written_rep: husk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́рка | кожура́ | скорлупа́ | шелуха́
sense_list:
The dry, leafy or stringy exterior of certain vegetables or fruits, which must be removed before eating the meat inside.


lexentry: eng/husky__Adjective__1
written_rep: husky
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: доро́дный
sense_list:
(US, euphemism) Burly, stout; sometimes as a modifier for boys' clothing sizes that fit a large waist or chest.


lexentry: eng/hustle__Noun__1
written_rep: hustle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: хасл
sense_list:
(preceded by a definite article) A type of disco dance, commonly danced to the Van McCoy song The Hustle (1975).


lexentry: eng/hut__Noun__1
written_rep: hut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хи́жина
sense_list:
A small, simple one-storey dwelling or shelter, often with just one room, and generally built of readily available local materials.


lexentry: eng/hutong__Noun__1
written_rep: hutong
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хуту́н
sense_list:
A narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a city in China, especially Beijing. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/hyacinth_bean__Noun__1
written_rep: hyacinth bean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиаци́нтовые бобы́ | ло́бия
sense_list:
A climbing leguminous plant (Lablab purpureus), with white or dark purple flowers, native to Africa, widely cultivated in the tropics.


lexentry: eng/hyaluronic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: hyaluronic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиалуро́новая кислота́
sense_list:
(sugar acid) A mucopolysaccharide (a kind of polymer) that forms a gel-like substance within animal connective tissue.


lexentry: eng/hybrid__Noun__1
written_rep: hybrid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гибри́д | по́месь
sense_list:
(biology) Offspring resulting from cross-breeding different entities, e.g. two different species or two purebred parent strains. | Something of mixed origin or composition; often, a tool or technology that combines the benefits of formerly separate tools or technologies.


lexentry: eng/hybrid__Noun__1
written_rep: hybrid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гибрид
sense_list:
A hybrid vehicle, especially a car; a vehicle that runs on both fuel (gasoline or diesel) and electricity (battery or energy from the sun).


lexentry: eng/hybrid_war__Noun__1
written_rep: hybrid war
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гибри́дная война́
sense_list:
(military) A war that comprises the use of conventional and nonconventional means by at least one side, which officially denies involvement.


lexentry: eng/hybrid_warfare__Noun__1
written_rep: hybrid warfare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гибри́дная война́
sense_list:
A form of conflict which blends conventional warfare, irregular warfare, and activities such as political warfare and information warfare.


lexentry: eng/hydra__Noun__1
written_rep: hydra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ги́дра
sense_list:
(biology) Any of several small freshwater polyps of the genus Hydra and related genera, having a naked cylindrical body and an oral opening surrounded by tentacles.


lexentry: eng/hydraulic_engineering__Noun__1
written_rep: hydraulic engineering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидротехника
sense_list:
A sub-discipline of civil engineering concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water and sewage.


lexentry: eng/hydraulics__Noun__1
written_rep: hydraulics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидра́влика | гидравлика
sense_list:
The engineering science that deals with practical applications where liquid is in motion and transmits energy.


lexentry: eng/hydrazine__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrazine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрази́н
sense_list:
(inorganic compound, uncountable) A corrosive, fuming liquid, NH2-NH2, used as a rocket fuel. | (organic compound, countable) Any member of the class of organic compounds formally derived from NH2-NH2.


lexentry: eng/hydrobromic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrobromic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бромистоводоро́дная кислота́
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A solution of hydrogen bromide, HBr, in water; it is a strong acid, used in the production of bromine compounds.


lexentry: eng/hydrocephalus__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrocephalus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водя́нка головно́го мо́зга | гидроцефа́лия
sense_list:
(medicine) A usually congenital condition in which an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the cerebral ventricles causes enlargement of the skull and compression of the brain, destroying much of the neural tissue.


lexentry: eng/hydrochloric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrochloric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соля́ная кислота́ | хлороводоро́дная кислота́
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A strong acid made by dissolving the gas hydrogen chloride in water. It reacts with alkalis, bases and many metals to form chlorides; it has many industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/hydroelectric__Adjective__1
written_rep: hydroelectric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроэлектри́ческий
sense_list:
That generates electricity by converting the energy of moving water, or of steam escaping under high pressure. | Of or relating to the electricity so produced.


lexentry: eng/hydrofining__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrofining
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроочи́стка
sense_list:
(chemistry) A chemical engineering process in which hydrocarbons are hydrogenated and desulfurized catalytically as part of oil refining


lexentry: eng/hydrofluoric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrofluoric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пла́виковая кислота́ | фтористоводоро́дная кислота́
sense_list:
(chemistry) A solution of hydrogen fluoride, HF, in water; it is a weak but very corrosive acid, used in the production of fluorine compounds, and in metallurgy.


lexentry: eng/hydrofoil__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrofoil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрокрыло́ | гидрофо́йл | подво́дное крыло́
sense_list:
(nautical) A wing attached to the hull of a ship that raises it out of the water when travelling at speed and thus reduces drag.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_bomb__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen bomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водоро́дная бо́мба
sense_list:
A thermonuclear bomb that derives its destructive power from the fusion of isotopes of hydrogen (deuterium and tritium).


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_chloride__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen chloride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлороводород
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) An inorganic compound with the formula HCl, which forms hydrochloric acid when dissolved in water.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_peroxide__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen peroxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́рекись водоро́да | пероксид водорода
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A colourless liquid, H2O2, soluble in water, used as a mild antiseptic, bleaching agent (especially for bleaching hair), oxidizing agent and chemical reagent.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_sulfide__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen sulfide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сероводоро́д | сульфи́д водоро́да
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A toxic gas, H2S, smelling like rotten eggs and used in analytical chemistry and industry.


lexentry: eng/hydrogen_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogen vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: водородный тра́нспорт
sense_list:
Any vehicle that uses hydrogen as its principal fuel, normally via the electricity produced by a fuel cell.


lexentry: eng/hydrogenate__Verb__1
written_rep: hydrogenate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидри́ровать
sense_list:
(chemistry, transitive) To treat something, or react something, with hydrogen; especially to react an unsaturated fat with hydrogen, in the presence of a nickel catalyst, to produce a harder saturated fat.


lexentry: eng/hydrogeology__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrogeology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрогеология
sense_list:
The geology of groundwater, especially concerning the physical, biological and chemical properties of its occurrence and movement.


lexentry: eng/hydrography__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрогра́фия | гидрография
sense_list:
(nautical) The scientific measurement and description of the physical features and conditions of navigable waters and the shoreline.


lexentry: eng/hydrology__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроло́гия | гидрология
sense_list:
The science of the properties, distribution, and effects of water on a planet's surface, in the soil and underlying rocks, and in the atmosphere


lexentry: eng/hydrolysis__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrolysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидролиз
sense_list:
(chemistry) A chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion of water.


lexentry: eng/hydrometallurgy__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrometallurgy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гѝдрометаллурги́я
sense_list:
The field of extractive metallurgy involving the use of aqueous chemistry for the recovery of metals from ores, concentrates, and recycled or residual materials.


lexentry: eng/hydrometry__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроме́трия
sense_list:
(physics) The branch of hydrostatics dealing with the measurement of specific gravity using hydrometers


lexentry: eng/hydrophilic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hydrophilic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрофи́льный
sense_list:
(physics, chemistry) Having an affinity for water; able to absorb, or be wetted by water; water-loving.


lexentry: eng/hydroplane__Verb__1
written_rep: hydroplane
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: катиться
sense_list:
(automotive) For a car or similar vehicle to slide along the road on a thin film of water between the road and the tyres. This occurs when a car has some speed and comes to somewhere with more water on the road than the weight of the car and the grooves in the tyre tread pattern (if any) can push away. The result is almost no traction at all for steering or braking.


lexentry: eng/hydrosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидросфера
sense_list:
All the liquid waters of the Earth or another astronomical body, as distinguished from the land and the gases of the atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/hydrotherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrotherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидротерапи́я | водолече́ние
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) Any of various techniques that use water, either externally or internally, for the treatment of disease and for the soothing of pain.


lexentry: eng/hydroxychloroquine__Noun__1
written_rep: hydroxychloroquine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроксихлорохин
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug derived from quinolone that is taken orally in the form of its sulfate C18H26ClN3O·H2SO4 to treat malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus.


lexentry: eng/hydroxyl__Noun__1
written_rep: hydroxyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрокси́л
sense_list:
(chemistry) A univalent radical or functional group (–OH) in organic chemistry; present in alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and certain other classes of compounds.


lexentry: eng/hydrozoan__Noun__1
written_rep: hydrozoan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидрозо́й
sense_list:
Any of many colonial coelenterates, of the class Hydrozoa, including the hydras, hydroids, hydrocorals, and siphonophores.


lexentry: eng/hyena__Noun__1
written_rep: hyena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гие́на | гиена
sense_list:
Any of the medium-sized to large feliform carnivores of the family Hyaenidae, native to Africa and Asia and noted for the sound similar to laughter which they can make if excited. | (Subsaharan Africa) A man that performs ritualized sex acts with recently widowed women and menarchal girls.


lexentry: eng/hygrometer__Noun__1
written_rep: hygrometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гигро́метр | влагоме́р | гигрометр
sense_list:
(meteorology) An instrument that measures the humidity of the air or other gases, especially the relative humidity.


lexentry: eng/hylomorphism__Noun__1
written_rep: hylomorphism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гилеморфизм
sense_list:
(philosophy) The doctrine that every physical substance is the sum of its component matter and the form taken by that matter.


lexentry: eng/hylozoism__Noun__1
written_rep: hylozoism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гилозои́зм
sense_list:
A philosophical doctrine espousing that all or some material things possess life, or that all life is inseparable from matter.


lexentry: eng/hypallage__Noun__1
written_rep: hypallage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипалла́га
sense_list:
(rhetoric, grammar) A construction in which a modifier with meaning associated with one word appears grammatically applied to another, often used as a literary device.


lexentry: eng/hyperbaton__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbaton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипербатон
sense_list:
(grammar) An inversion of the usual or logical order of words or phrases, for emphasis or poetic effect.


lexentry: eng/hyperbola__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbola
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипе́рбола | гипербола
sense_list:
(geometry) A conic section formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane that intersects the base of the cone and is not tangent to the cone. The function y(x) = 1/x draws a hyperbola.


lexentry: eng/hyperbole__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипе́рбола | преувеличе́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable, rhetoric, literature) Deliberate or unintentional overstatement, particularly extreme overstatement.


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic__Adjective__2
written_rep: hyperbolic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: гиперболический
sense_list:
(topology) Of, pertaining to, or in a hyperbolic space (a space having negative curvature or sectional curvature).


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic_cosine__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbolic cosine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперболи́ческий ко́синус
sense_list:
(mathematics) A hyperbolic function that is written in symbol cosh and defined as the following: \cosh(x) = \tfrac 1 2 (e^x + e^{-x}).


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic_paraboloid__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbolic paraboloid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперболический параболоид
sense_list:
(mathematics) A surface having parabolic cross sections parallel to an axis and hyperbolic cross sections perpendicular to the axis.


lexentry: eng/hyperbolic_sine__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperbolic sine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперболи́ческий си́нус
sense_list:
(mathematics) A hyperbolic function that is the analogue of the sine function for hyperbolic spaces, taking in a hyperbolic angle as an argument and returning the y-coordinate for the corresponding point on the unit hyperbola. It is written in symbol sinh and can be represented as: \sinh(x) = \tfrac 1 2 (e^x - e^{-x})


lexentry: eng/hyperboloid__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperboloid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперболоид
sense_list:
A particular surface in three-dimensional Euclidean space, the graph of a quadratic with all three variables squared and their coefficients not all of the same sign.


lexentry: eng/hyperborean__Adjective__1
written_rep: hyperborean
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперборейский
sense_list:
Pertaining to the extreme north of the earth; or (usually, humorous) to a specific northern country or area.


lexentry: eng/hypercorrection__Noun__1
written_rep: hypercorrection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперкорре́ктность | гиперкорре́кция
sense_list:
(linguistics) Nonstandard language use that results from the overapplication of a perceived prescriptive rule.


lexentry: eng/hypercube__Noun__1
written_rep: hypercube
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперку́б | тессера́кт
sense_list:
(geometry) A geometric figure in four or more dimensions, which is analogous to a cube in three dimensions. Specifically, the n-dimensional equivalent of a cube for any non-negative integer n. | (geometry) Such a figure in four dimensions; a tesseract.


lexentry: eng/hyperextension__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperextension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гиперэксте́нзия
sense_list:
An exercise performed by lying on the stomach, ideally inclined upwards as on a Roman chair to reach a higher range of motion, and raising and lowering the upper torso.


lexentry: eng/hypergeometric_distribution__Noun__1
written_rep: hypergeometric distribution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипергеометри́ческое распределе́ние
sense_list:
(probability theory, statistics) A discrete probability distribution that describes the probability of k "successes" in a sequence of n draws without replacement from a finite population.


lexentry: eng/hyperhidrosis__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperhidrosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипергидро́з
sense_list:
(pathology) A medical condition with the primary symptom of excessive sweating, in excess of that required for regulation of body temperature.


lexentry: eng/hyperkinetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hyperkinetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперкинетический
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) Of, relating to, or affected with hyperkinesis or hyperactivity.


lexentry: eng/hyperkinetic_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperkinetic disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперкинези́я | гиперкинетическое расстройство
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) A developmental disorder in which a person has a persistent and pervasive pattern of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.


lexentry: eng/hypernym__Noun__1
written_rep: hypernym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперо́ним | гипероним
sense_list:
(semantics) A superordinate word or phrase; a term whose referents form a set which includes as a subset the referents of a subordinate term—as, for example, insect (being a hypernym) for ant.


lexentry: eng/hyperon__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперо́н | гиперон
sense_list:
(physics) Any baryon (a three-quark particle) with a non-zero strangeness (i.e., whose composition includes one or more strange or anti-strange quarks).


lexentry: eng/hyperplane__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperplane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперпло́скость
sense_list:
(geometry) An n-dimensional generalization of a plane; an affine subspace of dimension n − 1 that splits an n-dimensional space. (In a one-dimensional space, it is a point; in two-dimensional space it is a line; in three-dimensional space, it is an ordinary plane.)


lexentry: eng/hypersexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: hypersexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперсексуа́льность
sense_list:
Excessive desire for sexual activity, especially when considered high enough to be clinically significant.


lexentry: eng/hypersonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hypersonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперзвуково́й
sense_list:
(of a speed, aviation) Equal to, or greater than, or capable of achieving, five times the speed of sound.


lexentry: eng/hyperspace__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperspace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гиперпростра́нство
sense_list:
(science fiction) A notional space orthogonal to the usual dimensions of space-time often used for faster-than-light travel.


lexentry: eng/hypertension__Noun__1
written_rep: hypertension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперте́нзия | гипертони́я | повы́шенное кровяно́е давле́ние
sense_list:
(medicine, cardiology) A state of abnormally high blood pressure of arterial blood (arterial hypertension) or of the intra-ocular fluid.


lexentry: eng/hypertext__Noun__1
written_rep: hypertext
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гиперте́кст | гипертекст
sense_list:
(uncountable) Digital text in which the reader may navigate related information through embedded hyperlinks.


lexentry: eng/hyperthymesia__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperthymesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипертимезия
sense_list:
(neuroscience) A rare condition in which a person possesses a superior autobiographical memory and is able to recall the vast majority of personal events and experiences in life.


lexentry: eng/hyperthymia__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperthymia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипертими́я
sense_list:
A personality type characterized by an excessively positive disposition similar to, but more stable than hypomania. This temperament generally describes a person with high energy and enthusiasm for life activities, as opposed to dysthymia.


lexentry: eng/hyperthyroidism__Noun__1
written_rep: hyperthyroidism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипертирео́з
sense_list:
(medicine) The excessive production of hormones by the thyroid. | (pathology) The pathological condition resulting from these excess hormones.


lexentry: eng/hypertrophy__Noun__1
written_rep: hypertrophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипертрофи́я | гипертрофия
sense_list:
(countable, medicine) An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells.


lexentry: eng/hypervigilance__Noun__1
written_rep: hypervigilance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сверхбдительность
sense_list:
An enhanced state of sensory sensitivity accompanied by an exaggerated intensity of behaviors whose purpose is to detect threats.


lexentry: eng/hyphen__Noun__1
written_rep: hyphen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрточка | дефи́с | дефис
sense_list:
The symbol "‐", typically used to join two or more words to form a compound term, or to indicate that a word has been split at the end of a line.


lexentry: eng/hyphenation__Noun__1
written_rep: hyphenation
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: The inclusion of hyphens; especially, the correct locations of hyphens.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[разби́вка]] по [[слог|слога́м]] | [[расстано́вка]] [[перенос|перено́сов]] | перено́с | слогоделе́ние


lexentry: eng/hypnagogic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hypnagogic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гипнагогический
sense_list:
That accompanies falling asleep; especially, pertaining to the semi-conscious period immediately preceding sleep.


lexentry: eng/hypnosis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypnosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипно́з | гипноз
sense_list:
A trancelike state, artificially induced, in which a person has a heightened suggestibility, and in which suppressed memories may be experienced.


lexentry: eng/hypocaust__Noun__1
written_rep: hypocaust
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипока́уст
sense_list:
An underfloor space or flue through which heat from a furnace passes to heat the floor of a room or a bath.


lexentry: eng/hypochondria__Noun__1
written_rep: hypochondria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ипохо́ндрия
sense_list:
(medicine) A formerly defined psychological disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness. No longer a current medical diagnosis; see hypochondriasis for more.


lexentry: eng/hypochondriasis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypochondriasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ипохо́ндрия
sense_list:
(medicine) A mental disorder (in some classifications of such disorders, including ICD-11) that is characterized by excessive fear of or preoccupation with a serious illness, despite medical testing and reassurance to the contrary.


lexentry: eng/hypocrisy__Noun__1
written_rep: hypocrisy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: лицеме́рие | двули́чие | ха́нжество | лицемерие
sense_list:
The practice of engaging in the same behaviour or activity for which one criticises another; moral self-contradiction whereby the behavior of one or more people belies their own claimed or implied possession of certain beliefs, standards or virtues.


lexentry: eng/hypocrite__Noun__1
written_rep: hypocrite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лицеме́р | ханжа́
sense_list:
Someone who practices hypocrisy, who pretends to hold beliefs, or whose actions are not consistent with their claimed beliefs. [from early 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/hypocycloid__Noun__1
written_rep: hypocycloid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипоцикло́ида
sense_list:
(geometry) The locus of a point on the circumference of a circle that rolls without slipping inside the circumference of another circle.


lexentry: eng/hypoglossal_nerve__Noun__1
written_rep: hypoglossal nerve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подъязычный нерв
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) Either of the 12th and final pair of cranial nerves which are motor nerves arising from the medulla oblongata and supplying muscles of the tongue in higher vertebrates.


lexentry: eng/hyponym__Noun__1
written_rep: hyponym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипо́ним | гипоним
sense_list:
(semantics) A more specific term; a subordinate grouping word or phrase; a term designating a subclass of another more general class described by the given word.


lexentry: eng/hypopituitarism__Noun__1
written_rep: hypopituitarism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипопитуитаризм
sense_list:
(medicine) A decrease in secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland.


lexentry: eng/hypospadias__Noun__1
written_rep: hypospadias
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипоспадия
sense_list:
(anatomy) A congenital condition in males in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis.


lexentry: eng/hypostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипоста́з
sense_list:
(medicine, now, historical) A sedimentary deposit, especially in urine. [from 14th c.] | (genetics) The effect of one gene preventing another from expressing. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/hypostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ипоста́сь
sense_list:
(theology) The essential person, specifically the single person of Christ (as distinguished from his two ‘natures’, human and divine), or of the three ‘persons’ of the Trinity (sharing a single ‘essence’). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/hypostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гипо́стасис
sense_list:
(psychology) Referring to the hypostatic model of personality; i.e., asserting that humans present themselves in many different aspects or hypostases, depending on the internal and external realities they relate to, including different approaches to the study of personality.


lexentry: eng/hypothalamus__Noun__1
written_rep: hypothalamus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипотала́мус | гипоталамус
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) A region of the forebrain located below the thalamus, forming the basal portion of the diencephalon, and functioning to regulate body temperature, some metabolic processes and governing the autonomic nervous system.


lexentry: eng/hypothesis__Noun__1
written_rep: hypothesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипо́теза | предположе́ние | гипотеза
sense_list:
(sciences) A tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem and that can be tested by further observation, investigation, and/or experimentation.


lexentry: eng/hypothetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: hypothetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипотетический
sense_list:
based on hypothesis or theory; hypothetical | existing as an abstract concept rather than a concrete reality


lexentry: eng/hypothyroidism__Noun__1
written_rep: hypothyroidism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипотирео́з
sense_list:
(pathology) The disease state caused by insufficient production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. [from 1900s]


lexentry: eng/hypotrochoid__Noun__1
written_rep: hypotrochoid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипотрохоида
sense_list:
(geometry) A geometric curve traced by a fixed point on the radius line outside one circle which rotates inside the perimeter of another circle.


lexentry: eng/hypoxemia__Noun__1
written_rep: hypoxemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипоксемия
sense_list:
(medicine) An abnormal deficiency in the concentration of oxygen in the blood, be it the partial pressure of oxygen (mm Hg), the content of oxygen (ml oxygen per dl of blood) or the per cent saturation of the blood's hemoglobin, singly or in combination.


lexentry: eng/hyrax__Noun__1
written_rep: hyrax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дама́н | жиря́к
sense_list:
Any of several small, paenungulate herbivorous mammals of the family Procaviidae from the order Hyracoidea, with a bulky frame and fang-like incisors, native to Africa and the Middle East.


lexentry: eng/hyssop__Noun__1
written_rep: hyssop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иссо́п | иссоп
sense_list:
Any of several aromatic bushy herbs, of the genus Hyssopus, native to Southern Europe and once used medicinally.


lexentry: eng/hysteresis__Noun__1
written_rep: hysteresis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гистере́зис
sense_list:
A property of a system such that an output value is not a strict function of the corresponding input, but also incorporates some lag, delay, or history dependence, and in particular when the response for a decrease in the input variable is different from the response for an increase. For example, a thermostat with a nominal setpoint of 75° might switch the controlled heat source on when the temperature drops below 74°, and off when it rises above 76°.


lexentry: eng/hysteria__Noun__1
written_rep: hysteria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: истери́я | истерия
sense_list:
Behavior exhibiting excessive or uncontrollable emotions, in a wide range from joy to panic but usually including anxiety or fear.


lexentry: eng/hysteria__Noun__1
written_rep: hysteria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: истери́я
sense_list:
(medicine, nosologically dated) A mental disorder characterized by emotional excitability etc. without an organic cause.


lexentry: eng/háček__Noun__1
written_rep: háček
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: га́чек | га́чка
sense_list:
(orthography, and, typography) A caron; a diacritical mark (ˇ) usually resembling an inverted circumflex, but in the cases of ď, Ľ, ľ, and ť resembling a prime (′) instead.


lexentry: eng/iPhone__Noun__1
written_rep: iPhone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: айфо́н
sense_list:
(trademark) A smartphone of a series produced by Apple, which typically combine a camera phone, PDA, multimedia player, and wireless communication device.


lexentry: eng/iamb__Noun__1
written_rep: iamb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ямб
sense_list:
(prosody) A metrical foot in verse consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.


lexentry: eng/iambic__Adjective__1
written_rep: iambic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ямби́ческий
sense_list:
(prosody) Consisting of iambs (metrical feet with an unstressed-stressed pattern) or characterized by their predominance. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/iatrogenic__Adjective__1
written_rep: iatrogenic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ятроге́нный
sense_list:
(medicine, of a disease, injury, or other adverse outcome) Induced by the words or actions of the physician or by medical treatment or diagnostic procedure.


lexentry: eng/ibis__Noun__1
written_rep: ibis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́бис | ибис
sense_list:
Any of various long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae, having long downcurved bills used to probe the mud for prey such as crustaceans.


lexentry: eng/ibisbill__Noun__1
written_rep: ibisbill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: серпоклю́в
sense_list:
Ibidorhyncha struthersii, a species of wading bird inhabiting the shingle riverbanks of the high plateau of Central Asia and the Himalayas.


lexentry: eng/ibuprofen__Noun__1
written_rep: ibuprofen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ибупрофе́н
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid, pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic compound used widely as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug.


lexentry: eng/ice__Verb__1
written_rep: ice
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: глазирова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To cover with icing (frosting made of sugar and milk or white of egg); to frost; as cakes, tarts, etc.


lexentry: eng/ice_age__Noun__1
written_rep: ice age
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: леднико́вый пери́од | обледене́ние | оледене́ние
sense_list:
(colloquial) Any of several glacial periods (within a scientific ice age) marked by episodes of extensive glaciation alternating with episodes of relative warmth (interglacial).


lexentry: eng/ice_cap__Noun__1
written_rep: ice cap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: леднико́вый по́кров | ледяна́я ша́пка
sense_list:
A permanent expanse of ice encompassing a large geographical area, as for example in Earth's polar zones (polar ice) or at high elevation. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/ice_core__Noun__1
written_rep: ice core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ледяно́й керн
sense_list:
A core sample removed from an ice sheet, most commonly from the polar ice caps of Antarctica, Greenland or from high mountain glaciers elsewhere, the properties of which can be used to reconstruct a climatic record of a given area.


lexentry: eng/ice_cream__Noun__1
written_rep: ice cream
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моро́женое | мороженое
sense_list:
(uncountable) A dessert made from frozen sweetened cream or a similar substance, usually flavoured. | (countable) A portion of ice cream on a stick, in a cup or in a wafer cone.


lexentry: eng/ice_cream_cone__Noun__1
written_rep: ice cream cone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рожо́к | тру́бочка
sense_list:
A thin, conical confection baked from crepe batter, sealed at its apex, used to hold ice cream while it is being eaten.


lexentry: eng/ice_cube__Noun__1
written_rep: ice cube
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[ку́бик]] [[лёд|льда́]]
sense_list:
Any small piece of ice used for cooling drinks, larger than crushed ice, and regardless of their shape.


lexentry: eng/ice_hole__Noun__1
written_rep: ice hole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: про́рубь
sense_list:
A hole in the ice of a frozen body of water, often man-made with the scope of fishing. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/ice_pack__Noun__1
written_rep: ice pack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: аккумулятор холода
sense_list:
A plastic sac of silicone that can be cooled in a freezer and then used in a cool bag, cool box or cooler; a freezer block.


lexentry: eng/ice_rink__Noun__1
written_rep: ice rink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: като́к
sense_list:
A specially frozen surface of water on which people skate or play ice hockey; the building that houses such a surface.


lexentry: eng/ice_road__Noun__1
written_rep: ice road
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зи́мник
sense_list:
A type of winter road, built on frozen terrain and frozen bodies of water, with a road surface built from ice, typically reinforced by freezing applied water onto the top.


lexentry: eng/ice_shelf__Noun__1
written_rep: ice shelf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шельфовые ледники
sense_list:
A thick, floating platform of ice that forms where a glacier or ice sheet flows down to a coastline and onto the ocean surface. Ice shelves are found in Antarctica, Greenland, and Canada only.


lexentry: eng/ice_wine__Noun__1
written_rep: ice wine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ледяно́е вино́
sense_list:
A sweet dessert wine made from grapes that are harvested after they have naturally frozen on the vine.


lexentry: eng/iceberg__Noun__1
written_rep: iceberg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́йсберг | айсберг
sense_list:
A huge mass of ocean-floating ice which has broken off a glacier or ice shelf [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/icebox__Noun__1
written_rep: icebox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: морози́лка
sense_list:
(UK) A compartment in a refrigerator that is colder than the rest of the refrigerator and is used as a freezer.


lexentry: eng/icebreaker__Noun__1
written_rep: icebreaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ледоко́л | ледокол
sense_list:
(watercraft) A ship designed to break through ice so that it, or other ships coming behind, can navigate on frozen seas.


lexentry: eng/ichor__Noun__1
written_rep: ichor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ихор
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) The liquid said to flow in place of blood in the veins of the gods. [from late 17th c.] | (pathology, obsolete) A fetid, watery discharge from a sore; pus.


lexentry: eng/ichthyosaur__Noun__1
written_rep: ichthyosaur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ихтиоза́вр | р̀ыбоя́щер
sense_list:
Any fishlike marine reptiles of the extinct order †Ichthyosauria of the early Triassic to the late Cretaceous period, that had a body somewhat like a porpoise. [from c. 1830]


lexentry: eng/icing__Noun__1
written_rep: icing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глазу́рь
sense_list:
(cooking) A sweet, often creamy and thick glaze made primarily of sugar, often enriched with ingredients like butter, egg whites, or flavorings, typically used for baked goods.


lexentry: eng/icing_on_the_cake__Noun__1
written_rep: icing on the cake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ви́шенка на то́рте
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something that intensifies the appreciation of something already good (or bad in an ironic sense depending on the context).


lexentry: eng/icon__Noun__1
written_rep: icon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изображе́ние | о́браз | икона
sense_list:
An image, symbol, picture, portrait, or other representation usually as an object of religious devotion. | (internet, informal) An image used to represent a user; an avatar or profile picture.


lexentry: eng/icon__Noun__1
written_rep: icon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ико́на | о́браз | икона
sense_list:
(religion, especially, Eastern Christianity) A type of religious painting portraying a saint or scene from Scripture, often done on wooden panels.


lexentry: eng/iconoclasm__Noun__1
written_rep: iconoclasm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иконоборчество | иконоклазм
sense_list:
The belief in, participation in, or sanction of destroying religious icons and other symbols or monuments, usually with religious or political motives. [1797]


lexentry: eng/iconoclast__Noun__1
written_rep: iconoclast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иконобо́рец
sense_list:
(historical, Christianity) One who destroys religious images or icons, especially an opponent of the Orthodox Church in the 8th and 9th centuries, or a Puritan during the European Reformation. | One who opposes orthodoxy and religion; one who adheres to the doctrine of iconoclasm. | (by extension) One who attacks cherished beliefs; a maverick.


lexentry: eng/iconoclastic__Adjective__1
written_rep: iconoclastic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́рзкий | иконобо́рческий | мяте́жный
sense_list:
Characterized by attack on established and accepted beliefs, customs, or institutions; of or pertaining to iconoclasm.


lexentry: eng/iconographic__Adjective__1
written_rep: iconographic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иконографи́ческий
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to iconography. | Of or pertaining to a secular person or topic that has attained cult status.


lexentry: eng/iconography__Noun__1
written_rep: iconography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иконография
sense_list:
A set of specified or traditional symbolic forms associated with the subject or theme of a stylized genre of art.


lexentry: eng/iconostasis__Noun__1
written_rep: iconostasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иконоста́с | иконостас
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodoxy) A wall of icons between the sanctuary and the nave in an Eastern Orthodox church.


lexentry: eng/icositetrachoron__Noun__1
written_rep: icositetrachoron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двадцатичетырёхъячейник
sense_list:
(mathematics) A four-dimensional object with no regular three-dimensional analogue, constructed out of twenty-four octahedra.


lexentry: eng/id__Noun__1
written_rep: id
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ид
sense_list:
(psychoanalysis) The unconscious impulsive component of the personality in the Freudian psychoanalytic model.


lexentry: eng/ide__Noun__1
written_rep: ide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: язь
sense_list:
A freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae, found across northern Europe and Asia, especially Leuciscus idus. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/idea__Noun__1
written_rep: idea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иде́я
sense_list:
(philosophy) An abstract archetype of a given thing, compared to which real-life examples are seen as imperfect approximations; pure essence, as opposed to actual examples. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/idea__Noun__1
written_rep: idea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: поня́тие | представле́ние
sense_list:
More generally, any result of mental activity; a thought, a notion; a way of thinking. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/idea__Noun__1
written_rep: idea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: иде́я | план | за́мысел
sense_list:
A conception in the mind of something to be done; a plan for doing something, an intention. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/ideal__Noun__1
written_rep: ideal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеа́л | идеал
sense_list:
A perfect standard of beauty, intellect etc., or a standard of excellence to aim at. | (algebra, ring theory) A two-sided ideal; a subset of a ring which is closed under both left and right multiplication by elements of the ring.


lexentry: eng/ideal__Noun__1
written_rep: ideal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: идеа́л
sense_list:
(algebra, order theory, lattice theory) A non-empty lower set (of a partially ordered set) which is closed under binary suprema (a.k.a. joins).


lexentry: eng/ideal_gas__Noun__1
written_rep: ideal gas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеа́льный газ
sense_list:
(physics) a hypothetical gas, whose molecules exhibit no interaction, and undergo elastic collision with each other and with the walls of the container


lexentry: eng/idealism__Noun__1
written_rep: idealism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеали́зм | идеализм
sense_list:
The property of a person of having high ideals that are usually unrealizable or at odds with practical life. | (philosophy) An approach to philosophical enquiry, which asserts that direct and immediate knowledge can only be had of ideas or mental pictures.


lexentry: eng/idealist__Noun__1
written_rep: idealist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеали́ст | идеали́стка
sense_list:
(philosophy) One who adheres to idealism. | Someone whose conduct stems from idealism rather than from practicality. | An unrealistic or impractical visionary.


lexentry: eng/idempotence__Noun__1
written_rep: idempotence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идемпоте́нтность
sense_list:
(mathematics, computing) A quality of an action such that repetitions of the action have no further effect on the outcome; the state of being idempotent.


lexentry: eng/idempotent__Adjective__1
written_rep: idempotent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идемпоте́нтный | идемпотентный
sense_list:
(mathematics, computing) (said of a function) Such that, when performed multiple times on the same subject, it has no further effect on its subject after the first time it is performed.


lexentry: eng/identical__Adjective__1
written_rep: identical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иденти́чный | одина́ковый
sense_list:
(not comparable) Bearing full likeness by having precisely the same set of characteristics; indistinguishable.


lexentry: eng/identical__Adjective__1
written_rep: identical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иденти́чный | тожде́ственный | тот же са́мый
sense_list:
(not comparable) Not different or other; not another or others; not different as regards self; selfsame; numerically identical.


lexentry: eng/identification__Noun__1
written_rep: identification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: идентифика́ция | опозна́ние | опознава́ние | отождествле́ние | распознава́ние
sense_list:
(broadly, often) The combination of identifying (which one, which thing) and validating the identity (proving or confirming it); identifying and authenticating viewed as a unitary concept in cognition.


lexentry: eng/identifier__Noun__1
written_rep: identifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: идентифика́тор
sense_list:
(programming, operating systems) A formal name used in source code to refer to a variable, function, procedure, package, etc. or in an operating system to refer to a process, user, group, etc.


lexentry: eng/identikit__Noun__1
written_rep: identikit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фоторо́бот
sense_list:
A picture of a person, reconstructed from strips showing facial features selected to match witnesses' descriptions; used by the police to build a likeness of a person sought for a crime.


lexentry: eng/identity__Noun__1
written_rep: identity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: тожде́ственность | иденти́чность | индивидуа́льность | ли́чность | ли́чные да́нные
sense_list:
The difference or character that marks off an individual or collective from the rest of the same kind; selfhood; the sense of who something or someone or oneself is, or the recurring characteristics that enable the recognition of such an individual or group by others or themselves.


lexentry: eng/identity_element__Noun__1
written_rep: identity element
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: то́ждество | тожде́ственность
sense_list:
(algebra) An element of an algebraic structure which when applied, in either order, to any other element via a binary operation yields the other element.


lexentry: eng/identity_function__Noun__1
written_rep: identity function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[тождественный|тожде́ственное]] [[отображе́ние]]
sense_list:
(mathematics) A function whose value is always the same as its independent variable, and for which the codomain equals the domain.


lexentry: eng/identity_theft__Noun__1
written_rep: identity theft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: похище́ние тождественности
sense_list:
(law, criminology) The deliberate assumption of another person's identity, usually to gain access to that person's finances or to frame a person for a crime.


lexentry: eng/ideogram__Noun__1
written_rep: ideogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеогра́мма | идеограмма
sense_list:
A picture or symbol which represents the idea of something without indicating the sequence of sounds used to pronounce it. Examples include digits, traffic signs, and graphic symbols such as @.


lexentry: eng/ideological__Adjective__1
written_rep: ideological
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: идеологи́ческий
sense_list:
Based on an ideology or misleading studies or statistics, especially based on the media or propaganda. Not based on scientific evidence or reality.


lexentry: eng/ideology__Noun__1
written_rep: ideology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеоло́гия | мировоззре́ние | идеология
sense_list:
Doctrine, philosophy, body of beliefs or principles belonging to an individual or group. | (uncountable) The study of the origin and nature of ideas.


lexentry: eng/ideophone__Noun__1
written_rep: ideophone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идеофо́н
sense_list:
(part of speech) A word that uses sound symbolism to express aspects of events that can be experienced by the senses, like smell, color, shape, sound, action, or movement.


lexentry: eng/ides__Noun__1
written_rep: ides
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́ды
sense_list:
(historical, often, _, capitalized) The notional full-moon day of a Roman month, occurring on the 15th day of the four original 31-day months (March, May, Quintilis or July, and October) and on the 13th day of all other months.


lexentry: eng/idiocy__Noun__1
written_rep: idiocy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идио́тство | идиоти́зм
sense_list:
(dated, psychology, now, , pejorative) The state or condition of being an idiot; the quality of having an intelligence level far below average; mental retardation; intellectual disability.


lexentry: eng/idiom__Noun__1
written_rep: idiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, language family, or group of people.

trans_list:
[[устойчивый|усто́йчивое]] [[выраже́ние]] | идио́ма | идиомати́ческий оборо́т | идиомати́ческое выраже́ние | оборо́т ре́чи | фразеологи́зм


lexentry: eng/idiom__Noun__1
written_rep: idiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: го́вор | диале́кт | идио́м | наре́чие
sense_list:
A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context etc.


lexentry: eng/idiom__Noun__1
written_rep: idiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
sense_list:
An established phrasal expression whose meaning may not be deducible from the literal meanings of its component words.

trans_list:
[[устойчивый|усто́йчивое]] [[выраже́ние]] | идио́ма | идиомати́ческий оборо́т | идиомати́ческое выраже́ние | фразеологи́зм


lexentry: eng/idiosyncrasy__Noun__1
written_rep: idiosyncrasy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: идиосинкрази́я | идиосинкразия
sense_list:
A behavior or way of thinking that is characteristic of a person. | (medicine) A peculiar individual reaction to a generally innocuous substance or factor.


lexentry: eng/idiotic__Adjective__1
written_rep: idiotic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дура́цкий | идио́тский
sense_list:
(of a person or animal) Pertaining to or resembling an idiot; characterised with behaviour resembling idiocy.


lexentry: eng/idol__Noun__1
written_rep: idol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: божество́ | божо́к | и́дол | истука́н | куми́р | чур
sense_list:
A graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power.


lexentry: eng/idol__Noun__1
written_rep: idol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: а́йдол | и́дол
sense_list:
(Asia, originally, Japan) A popular entertainer, usually young, captivating and attractive, and often female, with an image of being close to fans.


lexentry: eng/idolatrous__Adjective__1
written_rep: idolatrous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ѝдолопокло́ннический | идолопоклоннический
sense_list:
Partaking in idolatry; worshipping idols or false gods. | Engaging in excessive attachment or reverence; inordinately or profanely devoted.


lexentry: eng/idyll__Noun__1
written_rep: idyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иди́ллия
sense_list:
Any poem or short written piece composed in the style of Theocritus's short pastoral poems, the Idylls.


lexentry: eng/idyll__Noun__1
written_rep: idyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иди́ллия | идиллия
sense_list:
An episode or series of events or circumstances of pastoral or rural simplicity, fit for an idyll; a carefree or lighthearted experience.


lexentry: eng/idyll__Noun__1
written_rep: idyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: иди́ллия | пастора́ль
sense_list:
(music) A composition, usually instrumental, of a pastoral or sentimental character, e.g. Siegfried Idyll by Richard Wagner.


lexentry: eng/idée_fixe__Noun__1
written_rep: idée fixe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иде́я фикс | иде́я-фикс | идефи́кс
sense_list:
(psychology) An idea dominating the mind and maintained despite evidence to the contrary; (loosely) , an obsession.


lexentry: eng/if_I_were_you__Phrase__1
written_rep: if I were you
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на ва́шем ме́сте | на твоём ме́сте
sense_list:
A phrase said to introduce advice, i.e. to express what one would do in the interlocutor's situation.


lexentry: eng/if__Conjunction__1
written_rep: if
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: если | е́жели | е́сли | ка́бы | ко́ли
sense_list:
Supposing that, assuming that, in the circumstances that; used to introduce a condition that may be (or prove to be) either true or false.


lexentry: eng/if__Conjunction__1
written_rep: if
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ли | е́сли | если
sense_list:
(computing) A keyword that invokes conditional processing: in the event that a given condition is true, execute the given statement(s) (otherwise execute other statements).


lexentry: eng/if_and_only_if__Conjunction__1
written_rep: if and only if
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тогда и только тогда
sense_list:
(logic, mathematics) Is equivalent to; implies and is implied by; is true and false in the same cases as.


lexentry: eng/if_anything__Adverb__1
written_rep: if anything
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вероятнее
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Used to suggest or state tentatively that something may be the case (often the opposite of something previously implied).


lexentry: eng/if_anything__Adverb__1
written_rep: if anything
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вообще
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Used in questions when the speaker does not know for sure if the listener will have an answer.


lexentry: eng/if_it_ain't_broke,_don't_fix_it__Proverb__1
written_rep: if it ain't broke, don't fix it
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: не сломалось — не чини
sense_list:
It is wise to leave something alone and to avoid attempting to correct, fix, or improve what is already sufficient (often with an implication that is the attempted improvement is risky and might backfire).


lexentry: eng/if_my_aunt_had_balls,_she'd_be_my_uncle__Phrase__1
written_rep: if my aunt had balls, she'd be my uncle
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
sense_list: (colloquial, vulgar, humorous) It is fruitless to speculate about counterfactual situations.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
е́сли бы да кабы́ во рту́ вы́росли грибы́, то был бы не рот, а це́лый огоро́д | е́сли бы у ба́бушки был хуй, то она́ была́ бы де́душкой


lexentry: eng/if_only__Conjunction__1
written_rep: if only
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: будь | е́сли бы | е́сли бы то́лько | кабы | хоте́лось бы
sense_list:
(idiomatic) I wish that; would (that) (archaic). Signifies a wish or desire for the present or the future.


lexentry: eng/if_the_mountain_won't_come_to_Muhammad__Proverb__1
written_rep: if the mountain won't come to Muhammad
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: е́сли гора́ не идёт к Магоме́ту, то Магоме́т идёт к горе́
sense_list:
If something one wishes to be done cannot be commanded to be done, one must find another way to achieve one's goal.


lexentry: eng/if_the_shoe_fits,_wear_it__Proverb__1
written_rep: if the shoe fits, wear it
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: на во́ре́ и ша́пка гори́т
sense_list:
(idiom) If it works, there is not a problem using it. Often a response to being judged when using an incorrect tool.


lexentry: eng/if_you_can't_stand_the_heat,_get_out_of_the_kitchen__Proverb__1
written_rep: if you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: волко́в боя́ться — в лес не ходи́ть
sense_list:
If you cannot handle the pressure, you should not remain in a position where you have to deal with it.


lexentry: eng/ifs,_ands,_or_buts__Noun__1
written_rep: ifs, ands, or buts
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: если бы да кабы | оговорка
sense_list:
Modifications, limitations, or addenda; qualifications of any kind; speculations about whether a particular idea or enterprise is good.


lexentry: eng/igneous__Adjective__1
written_rep: igneous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вулкани́ческого происхожде́ния | пироге́нный
sense_list:
(geology) Resulting from, or produced by, great heat. With rocks, it could also mean formed from lava or magma.


lexentry: eng/igneous_rock__Noun__1
written_rep: igneous rock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: магмати́ческие го́рные поро́ды
sense_list:
(geology) One of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth; formed by the cooling of molten rock, either below the surface (intrusive) or on the surface (extrusive).


lexentry: eng/ignition__Noun__1
written_rep: ignition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зажига́ние
sense_list:
The act of igniting. | (automotive, mechanical engineering) A system for activating combustion in a combustion engine.


lexentry: eng/ignore__Verb__1
written_rep: ignore
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: To deliberately not listen or pay attention to.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
игнори́ровать | не [[принима́ть]] во [[внима́ние]] | не [[приня́ть]] во [[внима́ние]] | пренебре́чь | пренебрега́ть | проигнори́ровать


lexentry: eng/ignosticism__Noun__1
written_rep: ignosticism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: игностици́зм
sense_list:
The lack of belief that "creator and designer of the universe" is a coherently defined phrase, thus modern religionists do not believe in any god but only have the illusion that they do, and that modern atheists do not disbelieve in any god, or even lack belief in any god, but only have the illusion that they do.


lexentry: eng/iguana__Noun__1
written_rep: iguana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: игуа́на | игуана
sense_list:
A green iguana (Iguana iguana), a large tropical American lizard often kept as a pet. | Colloquially, in America and the Pacific, any of several members of the lizard family Iguanidae.


lexentry: eng/iguana__Noun__1
written_rep: iguana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: игуана
sense_list:
(zoology) Any member of the genus Iguana. | Colloquially, in Africa, any large member of the genus Varanus, especially the aquatic Nile monitor (see leguan).


lexentry: eng/ileum__Noun__1
written_rep: ileum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подвздошная кишка́
sense_list:
(anatomy) The last, and usually the longest, division of the small intestine; the part between the jejunum and large intestine.


lexentry: eng/ileus__Noun__1
written_rep: ileus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: за́ворот кишо́к | кише́чная непроходи́мость
sense_list:
(medicine, modern usage) Disruption of the normal propulsive ability of the gastrointestinal tract, due to failure of peristalsis.


lexentry: eng/ilk__Noun__1
written_rep: ilk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вид
sense_list:
A type, race or category; a group of entities that have common characteristics such that they may be grouped together.


lexentry: eng/ilkhan__Noun__1
written_rep: ilkhan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ильха́н
sense_list:
(historical) A provincial khan (originally of the Mongol Empire), especially in Iran between the 13th and 14th centuries.


lexentry: eng/ill-advised__Adjective__1
written_rep: ill-advised
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безрассудный
sense_list:
Carried out without the benefit of wise counsel or careful deliberation, or carried out with unwise counsel.


lexentry: eng/illegal__Noun__1
written_rep: illegal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: нелега́л
sense_list:
(espionage) A spy operating abroad illegally and under non-official cover, without visible ties to his or her country’s authorities.


lexentry: eng/illegal_combatant__Noun__1
written_rep: illegal combatant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: незако́нный бое́ц
sense_list:
A person who engages in combat without meeting the requirements for a lawful belligerent according to the laws of war as specified in the Third Geneva Convention.


lexentry: eng/illegal_immigrant__Noun__1
written_rep: illegal immigrant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(sometimes, offensive) Someone who has immigrated into a country by bypassing customs and immigration controls.

trans_list:
[[нелега́льный]] [[иммигра́нт]] | [[нелегальный|нелега́льная]] [[иммигра́нтка]] | нелега́л | нелега́лка


lexentry: eng/illegal_immigration__Noun__1
written_rep: illegal immigration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нелега́льная мигра́ция
sense_list:
The migration of people across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destined country.


lexentry: eng/illegibility__Noun__1
written_rep: illegibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нечита́емость
sense_list:
The characteristic or quality of being illegible; the quality of being difficult or impossible to read.


lexentry: eng/illiquidity__Noun__1
written_rep: illiquidity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неплатёжеспособность
sense_list:
(economics) The condition of being illiquid; a lack of liquidity; difficulty in selling out an asset


lexentry: eng/illiterate__Adjective__1
written_rep: illiterate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: безгра́мотный | неве́жественный | необразо́ванный
sense_list:
Having less than an expected standard of familiarity with language and literature, or having little formal education.


lexentry: eng/illocution__Noun__1
written_rep: illocution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иллокуция
sense_list:
(linguistics) The aim of a speaker in making an utterance as opposed to the meaning of the terms used. | (Ithkuil, linguistics) A type of speech act being made by a speaker, i.e., the purpose of the statement in terms of how the addressee is to interpret either its truth-value, or its requirements and demands upon the speaker in terms of a physical or psychological response.


lexentry: eng/illusion__Noun__1
written_rep: illusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иллю́зия | иллюзия
sense_list:
(countable) A misapprehension; a belief in something that is in fact not true. | (countable) A magician’s trick.


lexentry: eng/illustrate__Verb__1
written_rep: illustrate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: де́лать иллюстра́ции | иллюстри́ровать | оформля́ть
sense_list:
To provide a book or other publication with pictures, diagrams or other explanatory or decorative features.


lexentry: eng/illustration__Noun__1
written_rep: illustration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: иллюстра́ция | приме́р
sense_list:
Something which illustrates; a comparison or example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.


lexentry: eng/ilmenite__Noun__1
written_rep: ilmenite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ильменит
sense_list:
(mineral) A weakly magnetic dark gray mineral found in metamorphic and igneous rocks; it is a mixed oxide of iron and titanium, FeTiO3


lexentry: eng/image__Noun__1
written_rep: image
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изображе́ние | о́браз
sense_list:
An optical or other representation of a real object; a graphic; a picture. | (computing) A file that contains all information needed to produce a live working copy. (See disk image and image copy.)


lexentry: eng/image__Noun__1
written_rep: image
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: и́мидж | о́блик | о́браз
sense_list:
A characteristic of a person, group or company etc., style, manner of dress, how one is or wishes to be perceived by others.


lexentry: eng/image_processing__Noun__1
written_rep: image processing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обрабо́тка изображе́ний
sense_list:
Any form of information processing whose input and output are both images, such as photographs or frames of video.


lexentry: eng/imageboard__Noun__1
written_rep: imageboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имиджбо́рд | имиджбо́рда
sense_list:
(Internet) A type of message board that revolves around the posting of images, with optional associated text, often characterized by the near lack of moderation and by the freedom to discuss any topic.


lexentry: eng/imagery__Noun__1
written_rep: imagery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воображение
sense_list:
The work of one who makes images or visible representation of objects. | The work of the imagination or fancy; false ideas; imaginary phantasms.


lexentry: eng/imaginary__Adjective__1
written_rep: imaginary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: мни́мый | мнимый
sense_list:
(mathematics, of a number) Having no real part; that part of a complex number which is a multiple of \sqrt{-1} (called imaginary unit).


lexentry: eng/imaginary_axis__Noun__1
written_rep: imaginary axis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мни́мая ось
sense_list:
(mathematics) The vertical line in the complex plane, every point on which corresponds to a complex number having zero real component


lexentry: eng/imaginary_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: imaginary geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мни́мая геометрия
sense_list:
(geometry) Absolute geometry, an axiomatised geometry in which the parallel postulate is absent and not replaced by an alternative, and of which Euclidean geometry and some non-Euclidean geometries are subtypes.


lexentry: eng/imaginary_number__Noun__1
written_rep: imaginary number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мни́мое число́
sense_list:
(complex analysis, strict sense) A number of the form bi, where b is any real number and i denotes the imaginary unit.


lexentry: eng/imaginary_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: imaginary unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мни́мая едини́ца | мнимая единица
sense_list:
(number theory, complex analysis, quaternion theory) An imaginary number (in the case of complex numbers, usually denoted i) that is defined as a solution to the equation x^2 = -1.


lexentry: eng/imagination__Noun__1
written_rep: imagination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воображе́ние | воображение
sense_list:
The image-making power of the mind; the act of mentally creating or reproducing an object not previously perceived; the ability to create such images. | Particularly, construction of false images; fantasizing.


lexentry: eng/imagine__Verb__1
written_rep: imagine
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: представля́ть | вообража́ть | вообрази́ть | предста́вить
sense_list:
(transitive) To form a mental image of something; to envision or create something in one's mind. | (transitive) To use one's imagination.


lexentry: eng/imaginism__Noun__1
written_rep: imaginism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имажини́зм
sense_list:
(poetry) A Russian avant-garde poetic movement, founded in 1918, whose members created poetry based on sequences of arresting and uncommon images.


lexentry: eng/imam__Noun__1
written_rep: imam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: има́м | имам
sense_list:
(usually capitalized) A Shi'ite Muslim leader descended from the prophet Muhammad and functioning as his spiritual successor.


lexentry: eng/imbecile__Noun__1
written_rep: imbecile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имбеци́л | слабоу́мный
sense_list:
(obsolete) A person with limited mental capacity who can perform tasks and think only like a young child, in medical circles meaning a person who lacks the capacity to develop beyond the mental age of a normal five- to seven-year-old child.


lexentry: eng/imbue__Verb__1
written_rep: imbue
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: насыща́ть
sense_list:
In general, to act in a way which results in an object becoming completely permeated or impregnated by some quality.


lexentry: eng/immersion_heater__Noun__1
written_rep: immersion heater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кипяти́льник | кипятильник
sense_list:
A device for supplying domestic hot water in which a thermostatically-controlled heating element is immersed within a tank of water


lexentry: eng/immigration__Noun__1
written_rep: immigration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммигра́ция | переселе́ние | иммиграция
sense_list:
The act of immigrating; the passing or coming into a country of which one is not native born for the purpose of permanent residence.


lexentry: eng/immobiliser__Noun__1
written_rep: immobiliser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммобилайзер
sense_list:
An electronic security device fitted to an automobile that prevents the engine from running unless the correct key (or other token) is present.


lexentry: eng/immoral__Adjective__1
written_rep: immoral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: амора́льный | безнра́вственный
sense_list:
Breaching principles of natural law, rectitude, or justice, and so inconsistent with the demands of virtue, purity, or "good morals"; not right, not moral. (Compare unethical, illegal.)


lexentry: eng/immortal__Adjective__1
written_rep: immortal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бессме́ртный | бессмертный
sense_list:
Not susceptible to death; living forever; never dying. | Never to be forgotten; that merits being always remembered.


lexentry: eng/immune_complex__Noun__1
written_rep: immune complex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имму́нный ко́мплекс
sense_list:
(biochemistry, immunology) A molecule formed from the integral binding of an antibody to a soluble antigen; an antigen-antibody complex.


lexentry: eng/immune_system__Noun__1
written_rep: immune system
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имму́нная систе́ма | иммунная система
sense_list:
(anatomy, immunology) The system that differentiates self from non-self and protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by producing an immune response. It includes organs such as the thymus, the spleen and lymph nodes; tissue such as bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils; cells such as lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and cell products such as antibodies.


lexentry: eng/immunity__Noun__1
written_rep: immunity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммуните́т | иммунитет
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being insusceptible to something; notably: | (countable) A resistance to a specific thing.


lexentry: eng/immunize__Verb__1
written_rep: immunize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммунизи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To make someone or something immune to something. | (transitive) To inoculate someone, and thus produce immunity from a disease.


lexentry: eng/immunoglobulin__Noun__1
written_rep: immunoglobulin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммуноглобулин
sense_list:
(protein, immunology) Any of the glycoproteins in blood serum that respond to invasion by foreign antigens and that protect the host by removing pathogens; an antibody.


lexentry: eng/immunosuppressive__Adjective__1
written_rep: immunosuppressive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иммунодепрессант
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical effect, immunology) Having the capability to suppress the immune system, capable of immunosuppression.


lexentry: eng/immure__Verb__1
written_rep: immure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заточа́ть | заточи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To cloister, confine, imprison or hole up: to lock someone up or seclude oneself behind walls.


lexentry: eng/immurement__Noun__1
written_rep: immurement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: замуро́вывание
sense_list:
Capital punishment, human sacrifice or life imprisonment by entombing for life or sealing behind walls.


lexentry: eng/imp__Noun__1
written_rep: imp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бесёнок | дьяволёнок | чертёнок | чёртик
sense_list:
(chiefly, fiction, and, mythology) A small, mischievous sprite or a malevolent supernatural creature, somewhat comparable to a demon but smaller and less powerful, formerly regarded as the child of the devil or a demon (see sense 3.2). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/impact_crater__Noun__1
written_rep: impact crater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́мпактный кра́тер | уда́рный кра́тер
sense_list:
(geology, astronomy) A crater formed from a hypervelocity impact, typically of a meteorite, as opposed to one formed by other means such as vulcanism.


lexentry: eng/impaction__Noun__1
written_rep: impaction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: включение
sense_list:
(dentistry) Failure of a tooth to erupt into the dental arch, because of adjacent teeth, dense overlying bone, excessive soft tissue, or other factor.


lexentry: eng/impala__Noun__1
written_rep: impala
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импа́ла | импала
sense_list:
An African antelope, Aepyceros melampus, noted for its leaping ability; the male has ridged, curved horns.


lexentry: eng/impanel__Verb__1
written_rep: impanel
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[включа́ть]] в [[спи́сок]] [[присяжный|прися́жных]]
sense_list:
To enrol (jurors), e.g. from a jury pool; to register (the names of jurors) on a "panel" or official list.


lexentry: eng/impasto__Noun__1
written_rep: impasto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импа́сто
sense_list:
(painting) The use of a thick-bodied paint to create peaks and crests that physically extend from the surface of a painting.


lexentry: eng/impatience__Noun__1
written_rep: impatience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нетерпе́ние | нетерпение
sense_list:
The quality of being impatient; lacking patience; restlessness and intolerance of delays; anxiety and eagerness, especially to begin something.


lexentry: eng/impeachment__Noun__1
written_rep: impeachment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импи́чмент
sense_list:
(countable, law, chiefly, US) The act of impeaching or charging a public official with misconduct, especially if serious, often with the aim of having the official dismissed from office.


lexentry: eng/impedance__Noun__1
written_rep: impedance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: импеда́нс | импеданс
sense_list:
(physics) A measure of the opposition to the flow of an alternating current in a circuit; the aggregation of its resistance, and inductive and capacitive reactances; the ratio of voltage to current treated as complex quantities.


lexentry: eng/imperative_mood__Noun__1
written_rep: imperative mood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: императи́в | повели́тельное наклоне́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) The grammatical mood generally expressing a command, though also used to express a request or permission.


lexentry: eng/imperfection__Noun__1
written_rep: imperfection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: несоверше́нство
sense_list:
(uncountable) Those qualities or features that are imperfect; the characteristic, state, or quality of being imperfect.


lexentry: eng/imperfective_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: imperfective aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: несоверше́нный вид
sense_list:
(grammar) A feature of a verb which denotes that its action or condition does not have a fixed temporal boundary, but is habitual, unfinished, continuous, repetitive or in progress.


lexentry: eng/imperialism__Noun__1
written_rep: imperialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: империали́зм | империализм
sense_list:
The policy of forcefully extending a nation's authority by territorial gain or by the establishment of economic and political dominance over other nations.


lexentry: eng/impersonal__Adjective__1
written_rep: impersonal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: безли́чный | безличный
sense_list:
(grammar, of a verb or other word) Not having a subject, or having a third person pronoun without an antecedent.


lexentry: eng/impersonal_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: impersonal verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безли́чный глаго́л
sense_list:
(linguistics) A verb used only in the infinitive or in the third person. In the third person, the subject is either implied or a dummy.


lexentry: eng/impersonate__Verb__1
written_rep: impersonate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: выдавать себя за | имперсонировать
sense_list:
(transitive) To pretend to be (a different person); to assume the identity of, especially when there is an intent to deceive.


lexentry: eng/imperturbable__Adjective__1
written_rep: imperturbable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: невозмутимый | непоколеби́мый | непроница́емый
sense_list:
Not capable of being, or not easily, perturbed, excited, or upset; calm and collected, even under pressure.


lexentry: eng/impetigo__Noun__1
written_rep: impetigo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импети́го | парша́ | стрептодерми́я
sense_list:
(pathology) A contagious bacterial skin disease forming pustules and yellow crusty sores, chiefly on the face and hands. It is common in children and infection is often through cuts or insect bites.


lexentry: eng/implant__Noun__1
written_rep: implant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импланта́т
sense_list:
(medicine) Anything surgically implanted in the body, such as a tissue graft or prosthesis, particularly breast implants.


lexentry: eng/implantation__Noun__1
written_rep: implantation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импланта́ция
sense_list:
(anatomy) The way in which an organ, bone, muscle etc. becomes inserted into its set place. | (surgery) The act of inserting a medical implant.


lexentry: eng/implementation__Noun__1
written_rep: implementation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[воплоще́ние]] в [[реа́льность]] | внедре́ние | имплемента́ция | осуществле́ние | реализа́ция
sense_list:
The process of moving an idea from concept to reality. In business, engineering and other fields, implementation refers to the building process rather than the design process.


lexentry: eng/implicate__Verb__1
written_rep: implicate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вовлекать | впутывать
sense_list:
(transitive, usually with in) To show to be connected or involved in an unfavorable or criminal way.


lexentry: eng/implication__Noun__1
written_rep: implication
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: намёк
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) An implying, or that which is implied, but not expressed; an inference, or something which may fairly be understood, though not expressed in words.


lexentry: eng/implicit_function__Noun__1
written_rep: implicit function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нея́вная фу́нкция
sense_list:
(analysis, algebraic geometry) A function defined by a (multivariable) implicit equation when one of the variables is regarded as the value of the function, especially where said equation is such that the value is not directly calculable from the other variables.


lexentry: eng/implore__Verb__1
written_rep: implore
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: умоля́ть | упрашивать
sense_list:
To beg or plead for (something) earnestly or urgently; to beseech. | To beg or plead that (someone) earnestly or urgently do something; to beseech, to entreat.


lexentry: eng/impluvium__Noun__1
written_rep: impluvium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имплювий
sense_list:
(architecture) A low basin in the center of a household atrium, into which rainwater flowed down from the roof through the compluvium.


lexentry: eng/imply__Verb__1
written_rep: imply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: намека́ть | намекну́ть | подразумева́ть | предполага́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, of a proposition) to have as a necessary consequence; to lead to (something) as a consequence


lexentry: eng/import__Noun__1
written_rep: import
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́мпорт
sense_list:
(countable) Something brought in from an exterior source, especially for sale or trade. | (countable, Philippines) A foreigner playing in a sports league.


lexentry: eng/impose__Verb__1
written_rep: impose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: облага́ть | налага́ть
sense_list:
To place or put (something chiefly immaterial, especially something regarded as burdensome as a duty, an encumbrance, a penalty, etc.) on another thing or on someone; to inflict, to repose; also, to place or put (on someone a chiefly immaterial thing, especially something regarded as burdensome).


lexentry: eng/impose__Verb__1
written_rep: impose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: навяза́ться | навязыва́ться
sense_list:
To encroach or intrude, especially in a manner regarded as unfair or unwarranted; to presume, to take advantage of; also, to be a burden or inconvenience.


lexentry: eng/imposition__Noun__1
written_rep: imposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наглость
sense_list:
The act of imposing, laying on, affixing, enjoining, inflicting, obtruding, and the like. | That which is imposed, levied, or enjoined.


lexentry: eng/imposition__Noun__1
written_rep: imposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: возложение рук
sense_list:
(religion) A practice of laying hands on a person in a religious ceremony; used e.g. in confirmation and ordination.


lexentry: eng/impostor_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: impostor syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: синдром самозванца
sense_list:
(psychology) A psychological phenomenon in which a person is unable to internalize their accomplishments, remaining convinced that they do not deserve any accompanying success.


lexentry: eng/imposture__Noun__1
written_rep: imposture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: надувательство
sense_list:
The act or conduct of an impostor; deception practiced under a false or assumed character; fraud or imposition


lexentry: eng/impotent__Adjective__1
written_rep: impotent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: импоте́нтный | страда́ющий импотенцией
sense_list:
Incapable of sexual intercourse, often because of an inability to achieve or sustain an erection, having impotentia coeundi


lexentry: eng/imprecation__Noun__1
written_rep: imprecation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прокля́тие
sense_list:
The act of imprecating, or invoking evil upon someone; a prayer that a curse or calamity may befall someone. | A curse.


lexentry: eng/impregnable__Adjective__1
written_rep: impregnable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: непристу́пный
sense_list:
(military) Of a fortress or other fortified place: able to withstand all attacks; impenetrable, inconquerable, unvanquishable.


lexentry: eng/impregnate__Verb__1
written_rep: impregnate
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To cause to become pregnant.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[де́лать]] [[беременная|бере́менной]] | [[сде́лать]] [[беременная|бере́менной]] | насы́тить | насыща́ть | оплодотвори́ть | оплодотворя́ть


lexentry: eng/impregnation__Noun__1
written_rep: impregnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: насыще́ние | пропи́тывание
sense_list:
The fact or process of imbuing or saturating with something; diffusion of some element, idea etc. through a medium or substance.


lexentry: eng/impressionism__Noun__1
written_rep: impressionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импрессиони́зм | импрессионизм
sense_list:
(arts) An art movement characterized by visible brushstrokes, ordinary subject matter, and an emphasis on light and its changing qualities.


lexentry: eng/impressionism__Noun__1
written_rep: impressionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: импрессионизм
sense_list:
(music genre) A style that avoided traditional harmony, and sought to invoke the impressions of the composer. | (poetry) A style that used imagery and symbolism to portray the poet's impressions.


lexentry: eng/impressionistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: impressionistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неполный | разрозненный | субъективный
sense_list:
Pertaining to or characterized by impressionism. | Based on impression rather than reason or fact; based on trying to impress somebody rather than trying for accuracy.


lexentry: eng/imprison__Verb__1
written_rep: imprison
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To put in or as if in prison; confine somebody against their will.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[заключа́ть]] в [[тюрьма|тюрьму́]] | [[лиша́ть]] [[свобода|свобо́ды]] | [[сажа́ть]] в [[тюрьма|тюрьму́]]


lexentry: eng/impromptu__Noun__1
written_rep: impromptu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импровиза́ция | экспро́мт
sense_list:
(music) A short musical composition for an informal occasion often with the character of improvisation and usually to be played solo.


lexentry: eng/improvement__Noun__1
written_rep: improvement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: исправле́ние | улучше́ние | усоверше́нствование | совершенствование
sense_list:
The act of making profitable use or application of anything, or the state of being profitably employed; practical application, for example of a doctrine, principle, or theory, stated in a discourse.


lexentry: eng/improvisation__Noun__1
written_rep: improvisation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импровиза́ция | импровизация
sense_list:
The act or art of composing and making music, poetry, and the like, extemporaneously | That which is improvised; an impromptu. | Musical technique, characteristic of blues music.


lexentry: eng/improvise__Verb__1
written_rep: improvise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импровизи́ровать | сымпровизи́ровать
sense_list:
To make something up or invent it as one goes on; to proceed guided only by imagination, intuition, and guesswork rather than by a careful plan.


lexentry: eng/improvised_explosive_device__Noun__1
written_rep: improvised explosive device
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: самоде́льное взрывно́е устро́йство
sense_list:
An unconventional or amateur explosive weapon made from nonmilitary components, especially one used by guerrillas, commandos or terrorists.


lexentry: eng/imprudence__Noun__1
written_rep: imprudence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неосторожность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality or state of being imprudent; lack of prudence, caution, discretion or circumspection. | (countable) An imprudent act.


lexentry: eng/impugn__Verb__1
written_rep: impugn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: оспаривать
sense_list:
(transitive) To verbally assault, especially to argue against an opinion, motive, or action; to question the truth or validity of.


lexentry: eng/impulsive__Adjective__1
written_rep: impulsive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: импульси́вный
sense_list:
Having the power of driving or impelling; giving an impulse; moving; impellent. | Actuated by impulse or by transient feelings; inclined to make rapid decisions without due consideration.


lexentry: eng/impunity__Noun__1
written_rep: impunity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[освобожде́ние]] от [[наказание|наказа́ния]] | безнака́занность | ненаказу́емость
sense_list:
(uncountable) Freedom from punishment or retribution; security from any reprisal or injurious consequences of an action, behaviour etc.


lexentry: eng/impurity__Noun__1
written_rep: impurity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нечистота́
sense_list:
The condition of being impure; because of contamination, pollution, adulteration or insufficient purification.


lexentry: eng/imputation__Noun__1
written_rep: imputation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: вмене́ние в вину́ | обвине́ние
sense_list:
(theology) A setting of something to the account of; the attribution of personal guilt or personal righteousness of another.


lexentry: eng/in-goal__Noun__1
written_rep: in-goal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: площадь ворот
sense_list:
(rugby) a part of the playing area between each goal line and the corresponding dead ball line where players can score a try


lexentry: eng/in-law__Noun__1
written_rep: in-law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сва́тья | сват
sense_list:
Sometimes specifically a parent-in-law of one's child, for which the dedicated terms co-mother-in-law, co-father-in-law are rare.


lexentry: eng/in__Preposition__1
written_rep: in
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в
sense_list:
Contained by; inside. | Surrounded by; among; amidst. | During (a period of time). | Into. | By (doing something); indicating action causing an effect or achieving a purpose.


lexentry: eng/in_a_word__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in a word
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: одни́м сло́вом
sense_list:
(abbreviative action or effect): In summarization: briefly, concisely, summarily, in short; to sum up


lexentry: eng/in_bed__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in bed
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кровать
sense_list:
(literal) While on a bed. | (by extension) Cooperating with, as if for an illicit reward; in league with. | (idiomatic) Regarding sexual activities.


lexentry: eng/in_black_and_white__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in black and white
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрным по белому
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Explicitly, in writing, clearly and without doubt or misunderstanding, without any grey areas.


lexentry: eng/in_black_and_white__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in black and white
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: чёрно-белый
sense_list:
(literally) Using shades of gray rather than color. | Having it displayed using shades of gray rather than color (as it was shot or recorded).


lexentry: eng/in_cold_blood__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in cold blood
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хладнокро́вно
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a ruthless and unfeeling manner, particularly as applied to first-degree murder committed without provocation and with malice aforethought.


lexentry: eng/in_for_a_penny,_in_for_a_pound__Proverb__1
written_rep: in for a penny, in for a pound
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: взя́лся за гуж — не говори́, что не дюж
sense_list:
(chiefly, British) Expressing that, having begun something (that involves significant risk or effort), one intends to see it to completion rather than stopping short.


lexentry: eng/in_layman's_terms__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in layman's terms
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[про́ще говоря́]] | говоря попросту | говоря́ по-просто́му | про́ще сказа́ть | простыми словами
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Phrased simply, without jargon; (of English-language speech or writing) phrased in plain English.


lexentry: eng/in_living_memory__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in living memory
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на [[память|па́мяти]] [[нынешнее|ны́нешнего]] [[поколение|поколе́ния]]
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In recent history, in recorded history amongst the lifespan of extant people; events or situations which can be remembered by people that are still alive.


lexentry: eng/in_my_humble_opinion__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in my humble opinion
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по моему́ скро́мному разуме́нию
sense_list:
Used to introduce or qualify a statement, as expressing one's own view, not one backed by external authority or to be accepted without question


lexentry: eng/in_other_words__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in other words
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: други́ми слова́ми | ина́че говоря́ | ины́ми слова́ми
sense_list:
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Stated or interpreted another way; Used to introduce an explanation, simplification, or clarification.


lexentry: eng/in_parallel__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in parallel
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: паралле́льно
sense_list:
At the same time; together, concurrently, cotemporally. | Aligned or connected side by side, instead of end to end.


lexentry: eng/in_someone's_pocket__Adjective__1
written_rep: in someone's pocket
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в карма́не | в рука́х
sense_list:
(idiomatic, pejorative) Receiving money from, and under the influence of, a person or group of people, with the expectation that a favor or advantage will be proffered in return.


lexentry: eng/in_the_act__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the act
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на ме́сте преступле́ния | с поли́чным
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In the process of doing something considered criminal or otherwise wrong; used to emphasize the eye-witness evidence.


lexentry: eng/in_the_doghouse__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the doghouse
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в заго́не | в неми́лости | в опа́ле
sense_list:
(informal, idiomatic) In a situation of being the object of someone's anger or disapproval, especially one's spouse.


lexentry: eng/in_the_land_of_the_blind,_the_one-eyed_man_is_king__Proverb__1
written_rep: in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в стране слепых одноглазый — коро́ль | среди слепых и кривой король
sense_list:
Even someone with limited abilities or opportunities is dominant over, and considered special by, those who have even fewer abilities and opportunities; the value of any ability depends on its prevalence.


lexentry: eng/in_the_line_of_duty__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the line of duty
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: при [[исполнение|исполне́нии]] [[служебный|служе́бных]] [[обязанность|обя́занностей]]
sense_list:
(idiomatic) As part of or while performing official duties, usually of the military or police personnel, or of government officials.


lexentry: eng/in_the_middle_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: in the middle of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: в течении
sense_list:
(often followed by the -ing form of a verb) Engaged in, but not finished with, often with something unpleasant.


lexentry: eng/in_the_offing__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the offing
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: в ближа́йшем бу́дущем | не за гора́ми
sense_list:
(figurative) Soon to come; likely to happen; in the foreseeable future; projected to occur; on the horizon; in the wind.


lexentry: eng/in_tow__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in tow
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на букси́ре
sense_list:
(of a vehicle, conveyance, etc.) Pulled by means of an attached line, such as a cable, chain, or rope.


lexentry: eng/in_turn__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in turn
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: в свою́ о́чередь | та́кже | то́же
sense_list:
Having a relationship sequentially comparable to one just mentioned; accordingly or similarly, with respect to sequence, precedence, or hierarchy.


lexentry: eng/in_vitro_fertilization__Noun__1
written_rep: in vitro fertilization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: экстракорпора́льное оплодотворе́ние
sense_list:
(medicine) The fertilization of an ovum by sperm outside of a woman's body; normally used as a treatment for infertility.


lexentry: eng/in_wine,_there_is_truth__Proverb__1
written_rep: in wine, there is truth
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́стина в вине́ | пра́вда в вине́ | что у тре́звого на уме́, то у пья́ного на языке́
sense_list:
Statements made or expressed under the influence of alcohol reveal true beliefs that are not expressed when sober.


lexentry: eng/inanimacy__Noun__1
written_rep: inanimacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неодушевлённость
sense_list:
(uncommon) The state of being without life or spirit. | (linguistics) In some languages, the classification of entities as nonsentient or nonliving, influencing various aspects of structure and use.


lexentry: eng/inanition__Noun__1
written_rep: inanition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: истоще́ние
sense_list:
(medicine) A state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition, food, or water or a physiological inability to utilize them, with resulting weakness.


lexentry: eng/inanition__Noun__1
written_rep: inanition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пустота́
sense_list:
(philosophy) A spiritual emptiness or lack of purpose or will to live, akin to nausea in existentialist philosophy.


lexentry: eng/inanity__Noun__1
written_rep: inanity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бессмы́сленность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The property of being inane, of lacking material of interest or satisfaction, emptiness.


lexentry: eng/inaugurate__Verb__1
written_rep: inaugurate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[торже́ственно]] [[вводи́ть]] в [[до́лжность]] | откры́ть | открыва́ть
sense_list:
To initiate or usher in (something, as a (significant) course of action, development, organization, or period of time) with a formal ceremony or in a ceremonious manner; also (loosely) , to begin or commence (something); to start.


lexentry: eng/inauguration__Noun__1
written_rep: inauguration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инаугура́ция | вступле́ние в до́лжность
sense_list:
The act of inaugurating, or inducting into office with solemnity; investiture by appropriate ceremonies.


lexentry: eng/inauguration__Noun__1
written_rep: inauguration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: торже́ственное откры́тие
sense_list:
The formal beginning, initiation, or entry into service of any movement, enterprise, building, event, etc.


lexentry: eng/inbox__Noun__1
written_rep: inbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: почто́вый я́щик
sense_list:
(computing) An electronic folder serving the same purpose, but for electronic files, especially email.


lexentry: eng/inbreeding__Noun__1
written_rep: inbreeding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[межродственный|межро́дственное]] [[скре́щивание]] | инбри́динг | инцу́хт
sense_list:
(biology) Breeding between members of a relatively small population, especially one in which most members are related.


lexentry: eng/incalculable__Adjective__1
written_rep: incalculable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: непредсказуемый
sense_list:
(not comparable, mathematics) Impossible to calculate. | (comparable) Of a person's mood or character, etc.: impossible to predict.


lexentry: eng/incantation__Noun__1
written_rep: incantation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чароде́йство
sense_list:
The act or process of using formulas and/or usually rhyming words, sung or spoken, with occult ceremonies, for the purpose of raising spirits, producing enchantment, or creating other magical results. | (computing, slang) Any esoteric command or procedure.


lexentry: eng/incarnate__Adjective__1
written_rep: incarnate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: во плоти́ | воплощённый
sense_list:
(traditionally postpositive, now frequently prepositive) Embodied in flesh; given a bodily, especially a human, form; personified.


lexentry: eng/incarnation__Noun__1
written_rep: incarnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воплоще́ние | олицетворе́ние
sense_list:
An incarnate being or form. | A person or thing regarded as embodying or exhibiting some quality, idea, or the like.


lexentry: eng/incarnation__Noun__1
written_rep: incarnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: воплоще́ние
sense_list:
A living being embodying a deity or spirit. | An assumption of human form or nature. | The act of incarnating. | The state of being incarnated.


lexentry: eng/incel__Noun__1
written_rep: incel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инце́л | инце́лка
sense_list:
A member of an online subculture of people (mostly men) who define themselves as unable to find a romantic or sexual partner despite desiring one.


lexentry: eng/incense__Noun__1
written_rep: incense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ла́дан | фимиа́м | кади́ло | темья́н
sense_list:
Biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burnt, often used in religious rites or for aesthetic reasons.


lexentry: eng/incest__Noun__1
written_rep: incest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инце́ст | кровосмеше́ние | инцест
sense_list:
Sexual relations between close relatives, especially immediate family members and sometimes first cousins, usually considered taboo; in many jurisdictions, close relatives are not allowed to marry, and incest is a crime.


lexentry: eng/inch__Noun__1
written_rep: inch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дюйм
sense_list:
An English unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot or 2.54 cm, conceived as roughly the width of a thumb. | Any of various similar units of length in other traditional systems of measurement.


lexentry: eng/incidence__Noun__1
written_rep: incidence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: паде́ние
sense_list:
(epidemiology) A measure of the rate of new occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time.


lexentry: eng/incident__Noun__1
written_rep: incident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инциде́нт | происше́ствие | слу́чай
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) An event or occurrence. | An event that causes or may cause an interruption or a crisis, such as a workplace illness or a software error.


lexentry: eng/incision__Noun__1
written_rep: incision
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зару́бка | надре́з | разреза́ние
sense_list:
A cut, especially one made by a scalpel or similar medical tool in the context of surgical operation; the scar resulting from such a cut. | (football) A cut-back


lexentry: eng/incisor__Noun__1
written_rep: incisor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: резе́ц | резец
sense_list:
(anatomy, zootomy) A narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth of mammals, between the canines and adapted for cutting; in humans there are four in each jaw.


lexentry: eng/incline__Verb__1
written_rep: incline
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наклони́ть | наклоня́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To bend or move (something) out of a given plane or direction, often the horizontal or vertical.


lexentry: eng/inclined_plane__Noun__1
written_rep: inclined plane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наклонная плоскость
sense_list:
(mechanics) One of the simple machines; a sloping surface such as a ramp such that an object can be raised with less effort than being lifted vertically.


lexentry: eng/inclusion__Noun__1
written_rep: inclusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: включе́ние
sense_list:
(countable) An addition or annex to a group, set, or total. | (uncountable) The act of including, i.e. adding or annexing, (something) to a group, set, or total.


lexentry: eng/inclusive__Adjective__1
written_rep: inclusive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инклюзивный
sense_list:
Including (almost) everything within its scope. | (linguistics) Of, or relating to the first-person plural pronoun when including the person being addressed.


lexentry: eng/inclusive_or__Noun__1
written_rep: inclusive or
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: включа́ющее и́ли
sense_list:
(logic, computing) A logical connective joining two or more predicates that yields the logical value "true" when at least one of the predicates is true.


lexentry: eng/incoherence__Noun__1
written_rep: incoherence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бессвя́зность | инкогере́нтность | инкогере́нция
sense_list:
(psychiatry) Thinking or speech that is so disorganized that it is essentially inapprehensible to others.


lexentry: eng/incomer__Noun__1
written_rep: incomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иммигрант
sense_list:
An outsider who moves to a community or a place; (used by those who consider themselves to be its original inhabitants).


lexentry: eng/incompatible__Adjective__1
written_rep: incompatible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: несовмести́мый
sense_list:
Of two things: that cannot coexist; not congruous because of differences; unable to function together due to dissimilarities.


lexentry: eng/incomplete_sentence__Noun__1
written_rep: incomplete sentence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: непо́лное предложе́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A group of words that appear to convey only part of a complete thought, lacking some component which is grammatically necessary to complete the thought.


lexentry: eng/incongruity__Noun__1
written_rep: incongruity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: несоотве́тствие
sense_list:
The state of being incongruous, or lacking congruence. | An instance or point of disagreement. | A thing that is incongruous.


lexentry: eng/inconsistent__Adjective__1
written_rep: inconsistent
part_of_speech: adjective
sense_list: Not consistent or coherent in thought or behavior. | Not consistent:
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
изме́нчивый | непосле́довательный | непостоя́нный | неусто́йчивый | противоречи́вый | рассогласованный


lexentry: eng/inconsolable__Adjective__1
written_rep: inconsolable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безуте́шный | неуте́шный
sense_list:
Not consolable; unable to be consoled or comforted, usually due to grief, disappointment, or other distress.


lexentry: eng/inconspicuously__Adverb__1
written_rep: inconspicuously
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: незаметно
sense_list:
In an inconspicuous manner; so as not to attract attention or appear unusual or out of the ordinary.


lexentry: eng/incontinence__Noun__1
written_rep: incontinence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инконтине́нция | недержа́ние | несде́ржанность
sense_list:
(urology) The inability of any of the physical organs to restrain discharges of their contents; involuntary discharge or evacuation (of urine or feces).


lexentry: eng/incontinent__Adjective__1
written_rep: incontinent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: несдержанный
sense_list:
Plagued by incontinence; unable to retain natural discharges or evacuations, most commonly of urine or feces.


lexentry: eng/incorporate__Verb__1
written_rep: incorporate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: включа́ть | включи́ть | инкорпори́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To include (something) as a part. | (US, legal) To include (another clause or guarantee of the US constitution) as a part (of the Fourteenth Amendment, such that the clause binds not only the federal government but also state governments).


lexentry: eng/incredibly__Adverb__1
written_rep: incredibly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: невероя́тно
sense_list:
(manner) In an incredible manner; not to be believed. | (degree) To a great extent; extremely. | Used to note the surprising or hard-to-believe nature of what is being said and suggest that it is nevertheless true.


lexentry: eng/incredulity__Noun__1
written_rep: incredulity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: недове́рие | недове́рчивость
sense_list:
Unwillingness or inability to believe; doubt about the truth or verisimilitude of something; disbelief.


lexentry: eng/incubate__Verb__1
written_rep: incubate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: насиживать
sense_list:
(transitive) To brood, raise, or maintain eggs, organisms, or living tissue through the provision of ideal environmental conditions.


lexentry: eng/incubation__Noun__1
written_rep: incubation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: выси́живание | инкуба́ция
sense_list:
Sitting on eggs for the purpose of hatching young; a brooding on, or keeping warm, to develop the life within, by any process.


lexentry: eng/incubation_period__Noun__1
written_rep: incubation period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инкубацио́нный пери́од
sense_list:
(epidemiology) The time elapsed between an exposure to a pathogenic organism, a chemical or radiation, and the appearance of signs and symptoms.


lexentry: eng/incubator__Noun__1
written_rep: incubator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инкуба́тор
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for a reaction. | (medicine) An apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for a newborn baby. | An apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for the hatching of eggs.


lexentry: eng/incubus__Noun__1
written_rep: incubus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́мон | злой [[ге́ний]] | злой дух | инку́б
sense_list:
(medieval folklore) An evil spirit supposed to oppress people while asleep, especially to have sex with women as they sleep.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Adjective__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́йствующий
sense_list:
(zoology) Of a body part such as a hair, spine, or wing: bent downwards or otherwise positioned so that it, or part of it, rests on or touches something else; specifically (ornithology) , of the hind toe of a bird: fully resting on a support. | Being the current holder of an office or a title; specifically (Christianity, obsolete) , of an ecclesiastical benefice.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Adjective__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: возло́женный
sense_list:
Followed by on or upon: imposed on one as an obligation, especially due to one's office or position.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Noun__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[занима́ющий]] [[до́лжность]] | [[занима́ющий]] пост
sense_list:
The current holder of an office or title; (specifically, Christianity) the holder of an ecclesiastical benefice.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Noun__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[устоя́вшийся]] [[игро́к]]
sense_list:
(business) A holder of a position as supplier to a market or market segment that allows the holder to earn above-normal profits.


lexentry: eng/incur__Verb__1
written_rep: incur
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подверга́ть | подвергну́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring upon oneself or expose oneself to, especially something inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to become liable or subject to.


lexentry: eng/indecent_exposure__Noun__1
written_rep: indecent exposure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эксгибиционизм
sense_list:
(legal) The crime of intentionally exposing one's genitalia in public; in some cases also including the act of public urination and defecation.


lexentry: eng/indefinite__Adjective__1
written_rep: indefinite
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: неопределённый | нея́сный
sense_list:
Vague or unclear. | (linguistics) Designating an unspecified or unidentified person or thing or group of persons or things


lexentry: eng/indefinite_article__Noun__1
written_rep: indefinite article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неопределённый арти́кль | неопределённый артикль
sense_list:
(grammar) A word preceding a noun to indicate that the noun refers to any member of the class of objects named by the noun.


lexentry: eng/indemnity__Noun__1
written_rep: indemnity
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (legal) The right of an injured party to shift the loss onto the party responsible for the loss.
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list:
[[гара́нтия]] от [[потеря|поте́рь]] | [[гара́нтия]] от [[убыток|убы́тков]] | индемните́т | освобожде́ние


lexentry: eng/indemnity__Noun__1
written_rep: indemnity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: индемните́т
sense_list:
(insurance) A principle of insurance which provides that when a loss occurs, the insured should be restored to the approximate financial condition occupied before the loss occurred, no better, no worse.


lexentry: eng/indent__Verb__1
written_rep: indent
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: впрыгнуть
sense_list:
(typography) To begin (a line or lines) at a greater or lesser distance from the margin. See indentation, and indention. Normal indent pushes in a line or paragraph. "Hanging indent" pulls the line out into the margin.


lexentry: eng/indentation__Noun__1
written_rep: indentation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: абза́ц | о́тступ
sense_list:
(typography) The act of beginning a line or series of lines at a little distance within the flush line of the column or page, as in the common way of beginning the first line of a paragraph.


lexentry: eng/indenture__Noun__1
written_rep: indenture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кабала
sense_list:
(legal) A contract which binds a person to work for another, under specified conditions, for a specified time (often as an apprentice). | (legal) A contract relating to lending (typically for issuing a bond), a real estate transaction, or a bankruptcy that imposes additional conditions on one or both parties.


lexentry: eng/independence__Noun__1
written_rep: independence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: незави́симость | самостоя́тельность | независимость
sense_list:
The quality or state of being independent; lack of dependence; the state of not being reliant on, or controlled by, others.


lexentry: eng/independence_day__Noun__1
written_rep: independence day
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: день незави́симости
sense_list:
An annual celebration commemorating the anniversary of a nation's assumption of independent statehood.


lexentry: eng/index__Noun__1
written_rep: index
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: и́ндекс
sense_list:
(economics) A single number calculated from an array of prices or of quantities. | (computing, especially, programming, and, databases) An integer or other key indicating the location of data, e.g. within an array, vector, database table, associative array, or hash table.


lexentry: eng/index__Verb__1
written_rep: index
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: индекси́ровать
sense_list:
(chiefly, economics) To normalise in order to account for inflation; to correct for inflation by linking to a price index in order to maintain real levels.


lexentry: eng/index_card__Noun__1
written_rep: index card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: учетная карточка
sense_list:
A piece of heavy paper stock used to record information to be stored in a card index or to supply the copy (content) from which to generate a book index.


lexentry: eng/index_case__Noun__1
written_rep: index case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нулевой пациент
sense_list:
(epidemiology) The first documented case in a disease epidemic within a population or the first case of interest in an epidemiological investigation: the case of patient zero (the index patient).


lexentry: eng/indicator__Noun__1
written_rep: indicator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индика́тор | указа́тель
sense_list:
A pointer or index that indicates something. | (economics) A measure, such as unemployment rate, which can be used to predict economic trends.


lexentry: eng/indicator__Noun__1
written_rep: indicator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: индика́тор
sense_list:
A meter or gauge. | (chemistry) Any of many substances, such as litmus, used to indicate the concentration of a substance, or the degree of a reaction.


lexentry: eng/indicator__Noun__1
written_rep: indicator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: индика́тор | поворо́тник | указа́тель
sense_list:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, automotive ) A turn signal; each of the flashing lights on each side of a vehicle which indicate a turn is being made to left or right, or a lane change etc.


lexentry: eng/indict__Verb__1
written_rep: indict
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: обвини́ть | обвиня́ть | осуди́ть | осужда́ть
sense_list:
(legal) To make a formal accusation or indictment for a crime against (a party) by the findings of a jury, especially a grand jury.


lexentry: eng/indictable_offence__Noun__1
written_rep: indictable offence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преступление
sense_list:
(legal, British, Canadian, Australian, Hong Kong) An offence which can only be tried on an indictment after a preliminary hearing to determine whether there is a prima facie case to answer or by a grand jury, in contrast to a summary offence.


lexentry: eng/indiction__Noun__1
written_rep: indiction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инди́кт | индиктио́н
sense_list:
(historical) A fiscal period of fifteen years, instituted by Constantine in 313 C.E. (but counting from 1st September 312), used throughout the Middle Ages as a way of dating events, documents etc.


lexentry: eng/indigenous__Adjective__1
written_rep: indigenous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коренно́й | абориге́нный | автохто́нный | ме́стный | тузе́мный
sense_list:
Born or originating in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion. [from 17th c.] | In particular, of or relating to a people (or their language or culture) that inhabited a region prior to the arrival of people of other cultures which became dominant (e.g., through colonialism), and which maintains a distinct culture.


lexentry: eng/indigestion__Noun__1
written_rep: indigestion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диспепси́я | несваре́ние желу́дка
sense_list:
(Pathology) A condition of heartburn, nausea, or other stomach-related pain, sometimes caused by eating too quickly.


lexentry: eng/indigo__Noun__1
written_rep: indigo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инди́го | индиго
sense_list:
A purplish-blue color. | An indigo-colored dye obtained from certain plants (indigo plant or woad), or a similar synthetic dye.


lexentry: eng/indirect_free_kick__Noun__1
written_rep: indirect free kick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свобо́дный уда́р
sense_list:
(soccer) a free kick from which a goal may be scored only after the ball has been played by at least one other player


lexentry: eng/indirect_object__Noun__1
written_rep: indirect object
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́свенное дополне́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatical role of a ditransitive verb that manifests a secondary or passive participant in an action, often a recipient or goal.


lexentry: eng/indispensable__Adjective__1
written_rep: indispensable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: незамени́мый | необходи́мый | неотъе́млемый
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical, obsolete) Not admitting ecclesiastical dispensation; not subject to release or exemption; that cannot be allowed by bending the canonical rules. [16th–17th c.]


lexentry: eng/indistinguishable__Adjective__1
written_rep: indistinguishable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неразличи́мый
sense_list:
Not distinguishable; not capable of being perceived, known, or discriminated as separate and distinct


lexentry: eng/individual__Noun__1
written_rep: individual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: физи́ческое лицо́ | особь
sense_list:
(legal) A single physical human being as a legal subject, as opposed to a legal person such as a corporation.


lexentry: eng/individualism__Noun__1
written_rep: individualism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индивидуали́зм | индивидуализм
sense_list:
The tendency for a person to act without reference to others, particularly in matters of style, fashion or mode of thought. | The moral stance, political philosophy, or social outlook that promotes independence and self-reliance of individual people, while opposing the interference with each person's choices by society, the state, or any other group or institution.


lexentry: eng/individuality__Noun__1
written_rep: individuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индивидуа́льность | индивидуальность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The characteristics that contribute to the differentiation or distinction of someone or something from a group of otherwise comparable identity.


lexentry: eng/indivisible__Adjective__1
written_rep: indivisible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: недели́мый | нераздели́мый | неразложи́мый
sense_list:
Incapable of being divided; atomic. | (arithmetic) Incapable of being divided by a specific integer without leaving a remainder.


lexentry: eng/indole__Noun__1
written_rep: indole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индо́л
sense_list:
(organic compound) An organic compound, C8H7N, found in coal tar, and produced in the gut by the bacterial decomposition of tryptophan; it is an aromatic bicyclic heterocycle having a benzene ring fused with a pyrrole ring; indole and its derivatives occur widely in nature and have many industrial applications. | (organic compound) Any of the derivatives of indole.


lexentry: eng/indometacin__Noun__1
written_rep: indometacin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индометаци́н
sense_list:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A compound with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties, used chiefly to treat rheumatoid arthritis and gout.


lexentry: eng/inductance__Noun__1
written_rep: inductance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индуктивность
sense_list:
(physics) The property of an electric circuit by which a voltage is induced in it by a changing magnetic field.


lexentry: eng/induction__Noun__1
written_rep: induction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инду́кция
sense_list:
(embryology) Given a group of cells that emits or displays a substance, the influence of this substance on the fate of a second group of cells. | (logic) Derivation of general principles from specific instances. | (physics) Generation of an electric current by a varying magnetic field.


lexentry: eng/inductive__Adjective__1
written_rep: inductive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индукти́вный
sense_list:
(logic) Of, or relating to logical induction, by generalizing a universal claim or principle from the observed particular instances.


lexentry: eng/inductive_reasoning__Noun__1
written_rep: inductive reasoning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индукция
sense_list:
The process of making inferences based upon observed patterns, or simple repetition. Often used in reference to predictions about what will happen or does happen, based upon what has happened.


lexentry: eng/indulgence__Noun__1
written_rep: indulgence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: [[отпуще́ние]] [[грех|грехо́в]] | индульге́нция
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A pardon or release from the expectation of punishment in purgatory, after the sinner has been granted absolution.


lexentry: eng/indulgent__Adjective__1
written_rep: indulgent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потака́ющий | снисходи́тельный
sense_list:
Disposed or prone to indulge, humor, gratify, or yield to one's own or another's desires, etc., or to be compliant, lenient, or forbearing;


lexentry: eng/industrial_design__Noun__1
written_rep: industrial design
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: промы́шленный диза́йн
sense_list:
A process of design applied to products that are to be manufactured through techniques of mass production.


lexentry: eng/industrial_design_right__Noun__1
written_rep: industrial design right
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: промы́шленный образе́ц
sense_list:
(law) an intellectual property right that protects the visual design of objects that are not purely utilitarian


lexentry: eng/industrial_property__Noun__1
written_rep: industrial property
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: промышленная со́бственность
sense_list:
(legal) Intellectual property as used in commerce and industry, particularly patents and trademarks, as distinguished in some European legal systems from intellectual property as used in the arts.


lexentry: eng/industrial_strength__Adjective__1
written_rep: industrial strength
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индустрия
sense_list:
Made for use by businesses or manufacturers, as opposed to home consumers, and therefore typically larger, stronger, more difficult to operate, and less attractive in appearance.


lexentry: eng/industrialism__Noun__1
written_rep: industrialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индустриали́зм
sense_list:
The socioeconomic system based upon the industrial production of manufactured goods, rather than on agriculture.


lexentry: eng/industrialization__Noun__1
written_rep: industrialization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индустриализа́ция
sense_list:
A process of social and economic change whereby a human society is transformed from a preindustrial to an industrial state.


lexentry: eng/inequality__Noun__1
written_rep: inequality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нера́венство
sense_list:
An unfair, not equal, state. | (mathematics) A statement that of two quantities one is specifically less than (or greater than) another. Symbol: < or \leq or > or \geq or \ne, as appropriate.


lexentry: eng/inert_gas__Noun__1
written_rep: inert gas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ине́ртный газ
sense_list:
(chemistry) A gas which does not undergo chemical reactions or does so only under rare circumstances.


lexentry: eng/inertial_frame_of_reference__Noun__1
written_rep: inertial frame of reference
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инерциа́льная систе́ма отсчёта
sense_list:
(physics) A frame of reference that is stationary relative to a body moving at constant velocity and on which no force is being exerted.


lexentry: eng/inessive__Adjective__1
written_rep: inessive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инесси́вный
sense_list:
(grammar) Of or relating to the inessive case, a grammatical case that in some languages indicates the state of being in or inside a location.


lexentry: eng/inexpedient__Adjective__1
written_rep: inexpedient
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нецелесообра́зный
sense_list:
Not expedient; not tending to promote a purpose; not tending to the end desired; unsuitable to time and place


lexentry: eng/infamous__Adjective__1
written_rep: infamous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бессла́вный | печа́льно знамени́тый | печа́льно изве́стный | позо́рный
sense_list:
Having a bad reputation; disreputable; notorious; unpleasant or evil; widely known, especially for something scornful.


lexentry: eng/infant__Noun__1
written_rep: infant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: младе́нец | дитя́ | новорождённый | ребёнок
sense_list:
A very young human being, from birth to somewhere between six months and two years of age after birth, needing almost constant care and attention.


lexentry: eng/infant_formula__Noun__1
written_rep: infant formula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: детская смесь
sense_list:
A manufactured food simulating human breast milk, designed to be fed to babies and infants under twelve months of age.


lexentry: eng/infant_mortality_rate__Noun__1
written_rep: infant mortality rate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коэффицие́нт де́тской сме́ртности | коэффицие́нт младе́нческой сме́ртности
sense_list:
(geography) The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year of age for every 1,000 live births in a society.


lexentry: eng/infante__Noun__1
written_rep: infante
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфант
sense_list:
(historical) Any son of the king of Spain or Portugal, sometimes except the eldest or heir apparent.


lexentry: eng/infanticide__Noun__1
written_rep: infanticide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: детоуби́йство | детоубийство
sense_list:
(law, Canada) The criminal offence of killing of a newborn, committed by its mother while psychologically disturbed by the effects of childbirth or lactation, not regarded as murder.


lexentry: eng/infantry__Noun__1
written_rep: infantry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пехо́та | пехотинец | пехота
sense_list:
Soldiers who fight on foot (on land), as opposed to cavalry and other mounted units, regardless of external transport (e.g. airborne).


lexentry: eng/infantry__Noun__1
written_rep: infantry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пехо́та | пехота
sense_list:
(uncountable) The part of an army consisting of infantry soldiers, especially opposed to mounted and technical troops.


lexentry: eng/infantry_fighting_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: infantry fighting vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: БМП | боева́я маши́на пехо́ты
sense_list:
(military) An armoured combat vehicle designed to carry infantry soldiers and provide fire support for them.


lexentry: eng/infatuation__Noun__1
written_rep: infatuation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влюблённость | страсть | увлече́ние
sense_list:
An immensely strong love or sexual attraction. | (obsolete) The act of infatuating; the state of being infatuated; madness.


lexentry: eng/infect__Verb__1
written_rep: infect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заража́ть | зарази́ть | инфици́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring (the body or part of it) into contact with a substance that causes illness (a pathogen), so that the pathogen begins to act on the body; (of a pathogen) to come into contact with (a body or body part) and begin to act on it.


lexentry: eng/infect__Verb__1
written_rep: infect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: заража́ть | зарази́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To make somebody enthusiastic about one's own passion, or to communicate a feeling to others, or a feeling communicating itself to others.


lexentry: eng/infectious__Adjective__1
written_rep: infectious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зара́зный | инфекцио́нный
sense_list:
(pathology, of an illness) Caused by an agent that enters the host's body (such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or prion); often, also, transmitted among hosts via any of various routes (for example, contact, droplet-borne, airborne, waterborne, foodborne, fomite-borne, or bloodborne).


lexentry: eng/infectious_disease__Noun__1
written_rep: infectious disease
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфекционное заболевание
sense_list:
(medicine) An illness caused by a specific infectious agent (bacterium, virus, fungus, protozoa, prion etc.), that results from transmission of that agent from an infected person, animal, or reservoir to a susceptible host. | (medicine) A medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis, control and treatment of infections.


lexentry: eng/infer__Verb__1
written_rep: infer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́вести | заключи́ть | сде́лать вы́вод | сде́лать заключе́ние
sense_list:
(transitive) To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/inference__Noun__1
written_rep: inference
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вы́вод | заключе́ние
sense_list:
(countable) That which is inferred; a truth or proposition drawn from another which is admitted or supposed to be true; a conclusion; a deduction.


lexentry: eng/infestation__Noun__1
written_rep: infestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфеста́ция
sense_list:
The presence of a large number of pest organisms in an area or field, on the surface of a host or anything that might contact a host, or in the soil.


lexentry: eng/infidelity__Noun__1
written_rep: infidelity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неве́рность
sense_list:
Unfaithfulness in a marriage or an intimate (sexual or romantic) relationship: practice or instance of having a sexual or romantic affair with someone other than one's spouse, without the consent of the spouse.


lexentry: eng/infinite_series__Noun__1
written_rep: infinite series
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бесконе́чный ряд
sense_list:
(analysis) Any expression that represents the addition a countably infinite number of ordered summands, often explicitly indexed by the positive or nonnegative integers.


lexentry: eng/infinitesimal__Noun__1
written_rep: infinitesimal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бесконе́чно малая величина́
sense_list:
(mathematics) A non-zero quantity whose magnitude is smaller than any positive number (by definition it is not a real number).


lexentry: eng/infinitive__Noun__1
written_rep: infinitive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инфинити́в | неопределённая фо́рма | инфинитив
sense_list:
(grammar) A non-finite verb form considered neutral with respect to inflection; depending on language variously found used with auxiliary verbs, in subordinate clauses, or acting as a gerund, and often as the dictionary form.


lexentry: eng/infinity__Noun__1
written_rep: infinity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бесконе́чность
sense_list:
(countable, mathematics) A number that has an infinite numerical value that cannot be counted. | (uncountable) A number which is very large compared to some characteristic number. For example, in optics, an object which is much further away than the focal length of a lens is said to be "at infinity", as the distance of the image from the lens varies very little as the distance increases further.


lexentry: eng/infix__Noun__1
written_rep: infix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́нфикс | инфикс
sense_list:
An affix inserted inside a root, such as -ma- in English edumacation. | (some authors when describing agglutinative languages, otherwise, _, dated) A prefix that is not at the beginning of a word, such as the con- of reconcile, or a suffix that is not at the end of a word, such as the -al of nationality.


lexentry: eng/inflame__Verb__1
written_rep: inflame
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: возбуждать
sense_list:
(transitive) To provoke (a person) to anger or rage; to exasperate; to irritate; to incense; to enrage.


lexentry: eng/inflammation__Noun__1
written_rep: inflammation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: воспале́ние | воспламенение | возгорание | воспаление
sense_list:
(pathology) A condition of any part of the body, consisting of congestion of the blood vessels, with obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and pain.


lexentry: eng/inflation__Noun__1
written_rep: inflation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вздува́ние | вспу́чивание | надува́ние | раздува́ние
sense_list:
An act, instance of, or state of expansion or increase in size, especially by injection of a gas or liquid.


lexentry: eng/inflation__Noun__1
written_rep: inflation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: расшире́ние
sense_list:
(cosmology) An extremely rapid expansion of the universe, theorized to have occurred very shortly after the Big Bang.


lexentry: eng/inflection__Noun__1
written_rep: inflection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: измене́ние фо́рмы сло́ва | оконча́ние | словоизмене́ние | фле́ксия
sense_list:
(grammar, uncountable) The linguistic phenomenon of morphological variation, whereby terms take a number of distinct forms in order to express different grammatical features.


lexentry: eng/inflexible__Adjective__1
written_rep: inflexible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неги́бкий | негну́щийся | непрекло́нный | несгиба́емый
sense_list:
Not flexible; not capable of bending or being bent. | Not willing to change, e.g. one's opinion or habits. | Not able to be changed or adapted to circumstances.


lexentry: eng/inflorescence__Noun__1
written_rep: inflorescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соцве́тие | соцветие
sense_list:
(botany) A group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branches.


lexentry: eng/influence__Noun__1
written_rep: influence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влия́ние | влия́тельность | возде́йствие
sense_list:
The power to affect, control or manipulate something or someone; the ability to change the development of fluctuating things such as conduct, thoughts or decisions.


lexentry: eng/influence__Verb__1
written_rep: influence
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влия́ть | возде́йствовать | де́йствовать | повлия́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To have an effect on by using gentle or subtle action; to exert an influence upon; to modify, bias, or sway; to persuade or induce.


lexentry: eng/influencer__Noun__1
written_rep: influencer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инфлюэ́нсер
sense_list:
(social media, marketing) A person who is able to influence consumption, lifestyle, or political preferences of their online audience by creating or engaging social media content, often as a part of a marketing campaign.


lexentry: eng/influenza__Noun__1
written_rep: influenza
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: грипп | инфлюэ́нца
sense_list:
(disease) An acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs, caused by a virus, which rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics.


lexentry: eng/infodemic__Noun__1
written_rep: infodemic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфодеми́я
sense_list:
(informal) An excessive amount of information concerning a problem such that the solution is made more difficult.


lexentry: eng/inform__Verb__1
written_rep: inform
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: сообща́ть | извести́ть | извеща́ть | информи́ровать | оповести́ть | оповеща́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To give form or character to; to inspire (with a given quality); to affect, influence (with a pervading principle, idea etc.).


lexentry: eng/informatics__Noun__1
written_rep: informatics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информа́тика
sense_list:
(computing) A branch of information science and of computer science that focuses on the study of information processing, particularly with respect to systems integration and human interactions with machine and data.


lexentry: eng/information__Noun__1
written_rep: information
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: информа́ция | да́нные | инфа́ | све́дение | информация
sense_list:
Things that are or can be known about a given topic; communicable knowledge of something. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/information_overload__Noun__1
written_rep: information overload
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нная перегру́зка
sense_list:
The inability to process everything one hears and sees; the availability or supply of too much information, or a state of stress which results.


lexentry: eng/information_retrieval__Noun__1
written_rep: information retrieval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нный по́иск
sense_list:
(information science) The science of searching for information in documents, searching for documents themselves, searching for metadata which describe documents, or searching within databases, whether relational stand-alone databases or hypertextually-networked databases such as the World Wide Web.


lexentry: eng/information_science__Noun__1
written_rep: information science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нная нау́ка
sense_list:
(applied science) A broad and interdisciplinary science that deals with the gathering, classification, storage, manipulation, retrieval and analysis of information as an organized resource.


lexentry: eng/information_society__Noun__1
written_rep: information society
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нное о́бщество
sense_list:
(sociology) A society where the creation, distribution, use, integration and manipulation of information is a significant economic, political, and cultural activity.


lexentry: eng/information_theory__Noun__1
written_rep: information theory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тео́рия информа́ции
sense_list:
(mathematics) A branch of applied mathematics and engineering involving the quantification of information sent over a communication channel, disregarding the meaning of the sent messages, exemplified by the noisy-channel coding theorem.


lexentry: eng/information_warfare__Noun__1
written_rep: information warfare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информацио́нная война́
sense_list:
The use and management of information in pursuit of an advantage over an opponent, such as propaganda, disinformation, and gathering assurances that one's own information is accurate.


lexentry: eng/infotainment__Noun__1
written_rep: infotainment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфотейнмент
sense_list:
A form of programming (cinematic, television, live action, etc.) that provides both information and entertainment, consisting of mostly celebrity news and human drama. [from 1982]


lexentry: eng/infrared__Noun__1
written_rep: infrared
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфракра́сное излуче́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than visible light, but shorter than microwave radiation, having a wavelength between 700 nm and 1 mm.


lexentry: eng/infrared_radiation__Noun__1
written_rep: infrared radiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфракрасное излучение
sense_list:
(physics) Electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength approximately between 1 micrometre and 1 millimetre; perceived as heat.


lexentry: eng/infrasonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: infrasonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфразвуково́й
sense_list:
(of sound waves, acoustics) Having frequencies below the human audible range | (of a device) Generating or employing such sound waves


lexentry: eng/infrastructure__Noun__1
written_rep: infrastructure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфраструкту́ра | инфраструктура
sense_list:
(systems theory) An underlying base or foundation for a building, organization, or system. [from 1887] | The facilities, services and installations needed for the functioning of a community or society.


lexentry: eng/infuse__Verb__1
written_rep: infuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: зава́ривать | завари́ть | наста́ивать | настоя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To steep in a liquid, so as to extract the soluble constituents (usually medicinal or herbal). | (transitive, obsolete) To pour in, as a liquid; to pour (into or upon); to shed.


lexentry: eng/infusion__Noun__1
written_rep: infusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зава́рка | насто́й
sense_list:
A product consisting of a liquid which has had other ingredients steeped in it to extract useful qualities.


lexentry: eng/infusion__Noun__1
written_rep: infusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: зава́ривание
sense_list:
The act of steeping or soaking a substance in liquid so as to extract medicinal or herbal qualities.


lexentry: eng/infusorium__Noun__1
written_rep: infusorium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инфузо́рия
sense_list:
(biology) Any of the many minute aquatic creatures, such as protozoa and unicellular algae, found in freshwater habitats.


lexentry: eng/ingest__Verb__1
written_rep: ingest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глота́ть | загла́тывать | заса́сывать | поглоща́ть | прогла́тывать
sense_list:
(transitive) To take (a substance, e.g., food) into the body of an organism, especially through the mouth and into the gastrointestinal tract.


lexentry: eng/ingestion__Noun__1
written_rep: ingestion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потребление
sense_list:
The process of ingesting, or consuming something orally, whether it be food, drink, medicine, or other substance. It is usually referred to as the first step of digestion.


lexentry: eng/ingot__Noun__1
written_rep: ingot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: болва́нка | брусо́к | сли́ток | чу́шка
sense_list:
A solid block of more or less pure metal, often but not necessarily bricklike in shape and trapezoidal in cross-section, the result of pouring out and cooling molten metal, often immediately after smelting from raw ore or alloying from constituents.


lexentry: eng/ingratiate__Verb__1
written_rep: ingratiate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: втираться в дове́рие | заискивать | сниска́ть расположе́ние
sense_list:
(reflexive) To bring oneself into favour with someone by flattering or trying to please them; to insinuate oneself; to worm one's way in.


lexentry: eng/ingress__Noun__1
written_rep: ingress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вход
sense_list:
A door or other means of entering. | (astronomy) The entrance of the Moon into the shadow of the Earth in eclipses, or the Sun's entrance into a sign, etc.


lexentry: eng/inhale__Verb__1
written_rep: inhale
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вдохну́ть | вдыха́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To draw air into the lungs, through the nose or mouth by action of the diaphragm. | (transitive) To draw air or any form of gas (either in a pure form, or mixed with small particles in form of aerosols/smoke -sometimes stemming from a medicament) into the lungs, through the nose or mouth by action of the diaphragm.


lexentry: eng/inhaler__Noun__1
written_rep: inhaler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ингаля́тор
sense_list:
(medicine) A device with a canister holding medicine (either in powder or gas form) which is sprayed and inhaled by the patient, often for treating asthma and other respiratory diseases.


lexentry: eng/inhere__Verb__1
written_rep: inhere
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: принадлежа́ть | явля́ться частью
sense_list:
(uncommon) To be inherent; to be an essential or intrinsic part of; to be fixed or permanently incorporated with something.


lexentry: eng/inherit__Verb__1
written_rep: inherit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: насле́довать | унасле́довать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To come into an inheritance. | (transitive) To receive (property, a title, etc.), by legal succession or bequest after the previous owner's death. | (transitive) To take possession of as a right (especially in Biblical translations). | (transitive, biology) To receive a characteristic from one's ancestors by genetic transmission. | (transitive) To derive from people or conditions previously in force.


lexentry: eng/inheritance__Noun__1
written_rep: inheritance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: насле́дование
sense_list:
The passing of title to an estate upon death. | (biology, genetic algorithms) The biological attributes passed hereditarily from ancestors to their offspring. | (programming, object-oriented) The mechanism whereby parts of a superclass are available to instances of its subclass.


lexentry: eng/inheritance__Noun__1
written_rep: inheritance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: насле́дство | наследство
sense_list:
(countable) That which a person is entitled to inherit, by law or testament, such as the part of an estate (i.e., a portion).


lexentry: eng/inheritance_tax__Noun__1
written_rep: inheritance tax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нало́г на насле́дство
sense_list:
A tax based on the value of the property of a deceased person, and charged on the beneficiaries of the estate.


lexentry: eng/inhuman__Adjective__1
written_rep: inhuman
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антигума́нный | бесчелове́чный | жесто́кий | негума́нный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to inhumanity and the indifferently cruel, sadistic or barbaric behavior it brings.


lexentry: eng/iniquity__Noun__1
written_rep: iniquity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: просту́пок
sense_list:
(countable) An act of great injustice or unfairness; a sinful or wicked act; an unconscionable deed.


lexentry: eng/initial__Adjective__1
written_rep: initial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: исхо́дный | нача́льный | оригина́льный | пе́рвый | перви́чный | первонача́льный
sense_list:
Spatially first, placed at the beginning, in the first position; especially said of the first letter of a word.


lexentry: eng/initial__Noun__1
written_rep: initial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: инициа́ль
sense_list:
(phonology) onset, part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus in phonetics and phonology.


lexentry: eng/initial_public_offering__Noun__1
written_rep: initial public offering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перви́чное публи́чное предложе́ние
sense_list:
(business, finance) The first offering to members of the public of stock in a company, normally followed by a listing of that stock on a stock exchange.


lexentry: eng/initialism__Noun__1
written_rep: initialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[инициальный|инициа́льная]] [[аббревиату́ра]]
sense_list:
(linguistics) A term formed from the initial letters of several words or parts of words, which is itself pronounced letter by letter.


lexentry: eng/initialize__Verb__1
written_rep: initialize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инициализи́ровать
sense_list:
To assign initial values to something. | (computing) To assign an initial value to a variable. | (computing) To format a storage medium prior to use. | (somewhat, dated) To reduce (a phrase) to an initialism, or a word to its initial.


lexentry: eng/initials__Noun__2
written_rep: initials
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инициалы
sense_list:
An abbreviation of a person's name, constructed by taking the initial letters of first, last, and sometimes middle name(s). See monogram


lexentry: eng/initiation__Noun__1
written_rep: initiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инициа́ция
sense_list:
The form or ceremony by which a person is introduced into any society; mode of entrance into an organized body; especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or order.


lexentry: eng/initiative__Noun__1
written_rep: initiative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инициати́ва | почи́н | инициатива
sense_list:
A beginning; a first move. | A new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem.


lexentry: eng/injection__Noun__1
written_rep: injection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: инъе́кция | инъекция
sense_list:
(category theory) A morphism from either one of the two components of a coproduct to that coproduct. | (set theory) A function that maps distinct x in the domain to distinct y in the codomain; formally, a f: X → Y such that f(a) = f(b) implies a = b for any a, b in the domain.


lexentry: eng/injection__Noun__1
written_rep: injection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: внедре́ние | инъекция
sense_list:
(computer security) The insertion of program code into an application, URL, hardware, etc.; especially when malicious or when the target is not designed for such insertion.


lexentry: eng/injective__Adjective__1
written_rep: injective
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инъекти́вный
sense_list:
(mathematics) Of, relating to, or being an injection: such that each element of the image (or range) is associated with at most one element of the preimage (or domain); inverse-deterministic


lexentry: eng/injera__Noun__1
written_rep: injera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ындже́ра
sense_list:
A pancake-like flatbread made from fermented teff flour, a traditional food of Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Yemen, and the Nuer people of Sudan.


lexentry: eng/injunction__Noun__1
written_rep: injunction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: суде́бное постановле́ние
sense_list:
That which is enjoined; such as an order, mandate, decree, command, precept. | (legal) A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, in some cases, under statutes, by a court of law, whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.


lexentry: eng/injury_time__Noun__1
written_rep: injury time
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: добавленное вре́мя
sense_list:
(sports) Additional time played after each period of a game in order to compensate for stoppages due to player injuries; loosely extended to include time added on to compensate for all types of stoppages, i.e. synonymous with stoppage time.


lexentry: eng/ink__Noun__1
written_rep: ink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черни́ла | чернила
sense_list:
A pigment (or dye)-based fluid used for writing, printing etc. | The black or dark-colored fluid ejected by squid, octopus etc, as a protective strategy.


lexentry: eng/inkjet_printer__Noun__1
written_rep: inkjet printer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стру́йный при́нтер
sense_list:
(computer hardware) A device for the printing of documents which that operates by propelling tiny droplets of liquid ink onto paper.


lexentry: eng/inkling__Noun__1
written_rep: inkling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дога́дка | намёк | подозре́ние
sense_list:
Usually preceded by forms of to give: a slight hint, implication, or suggestion given., A vague idea about something.


lexentry: eng/inkwell__Noun__1
written_rep: inkwell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черни́льница | чернильница
sense_list:
A container for ink, designed and usually positioned so that a person may conveniently dip a pen into it whenever a refill is needed.


lexentry: eng/inland__Adjective__1
written_rep: inland
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: домашний
sense_list:
Confined to one country or state; domestic; not foreign. | (archaic) Of a sophisticated background, especially as relates to a royal court or national capital.


lexentry: eng/inland_sea__Noun__1
written_rep: inland sea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[внутренний|вну́треннее]] [[мо́ре]]
sense_list:
(geography) A large but relatively shallow expanse of water within a landmass, sometimes connected to the ocean.


lexentry: eng/inland_taipan__Noun__1
written_rep: inland taipan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тайпа́н Макко́я
sense_list:
(zoology) Oxyuranus microlepidotus, a highly venomous snake endemic to semiarid regions of central east Australia.


lexentry: eng/inlay__Noun__1
written_rep: inlay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пломба
sense_list:
(dentistry) A filling for a tooth, made of ceramic or gold to fit the cavity and shape of tooth and cemented into place.


lexentry: eng/inlay__Verb__1
written_rep: inlay
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: запломбировать | инкрустировать | пломбировать | ставить пломбу
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) To place (pieces of a foreign material) within another material to form a decorative design.


lexentry: eng/inmate__Noun__1
written_rep: inmate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: жи́тель | жи́тельница | обита́тель | обита́тельница
sense_list:
A person who shares a residence (such as a hotel guest, a lodger, or a student living on campus), or other place.


lexentry: eng/inner__Adjective__1
written_rep: inner
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́тренний
sense_list:
Being or occurring (farther) inside, situated farther in, located (situated) or happening on the inside of something, situated within or farther within contained within something.


lexentry: eng/inner_child__Noun__1
written_rep: inner child
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: внутренний ребёнок
sense_list:
(psychology) The childlike aspect of a person's psyche, typically, the personality and the memories of one's childhood, especially in the context of coexisting with, and being suppressed by, an adult aspect of the person.


lexentry: eng/inner_city__Noun__1
written_rep: inner city
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: центр города
sense_list:
(urban studies) The parts of a large city closer to its core, especially older, populous areas of low-income or immigrant families as opposed to centrally located commercial areas.


lexentry: eng/inner_ear__Noun__1
written_rep: inner ear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́треннее у́хо
sense_list:
(anatomy) The portion of the ear located within the temporal bone which includes the semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea and is responsible for hearing and balance.


lexentry: eng/inner_emigration__Noun__1
written_rep: inner emigration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: внутренняя эмиграция
sense_list:
(derogatory) The choice of some German writers to remain in Nazi Germany despite being opposed to Nazism.


lexentry: eng/inning__Noun__1
written_rep: inning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́ннинг
sense_list:
(baseball) A period of play in which members of a visiting baseball team attempt to hit a baseball pitched by the opposing home team until three players are called out, followed by a similar attempt by members of the home baseball team against the visiting team's pitching. There are nine or more innings in a regulation baseball game.


lexentry: eng/innocence__Noun__1
written_rep: innocence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: неви́нность | невинность
sense_list:
Lack of understanding about sensitive subjects such as sexuality and crime. | Lack of ability or intention to harm or damage.


lexentry: eng/inoculate__Verb__1
written_rep: inoculate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приви́ть | привива́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, immunology) To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease. [from c. 1722]


lexentry: eng/inoculation__Noun__1
written_rep: inoculation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вакцина́ция | инокуля́ция | приви́вка
sense_list:
(immunology) The introduction of an antigenic substance or vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease.


lexentry: eng/inorganic_chemistry__Noun__1
written_rep: inorganic chemistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неоргани́ческая хи́мия | неорганическая химия
sense_list:
(chemistry) The chemistry of the elements (including carbon), and those compounds that do not contain carbon.


lexentry: eng/inpatient__Noun__1
written_rep: inpatient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стациона́рный больно́й | стациона́рный пацие́нт
sense_list:
(healthcare) A patient whose treatment requires at least one night's residence in a hospital; a hospitalized patient.


lexentry: eng/inquiline__Noun__1
written_rep: inquiline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инквилин
sense_list:
(biology) An animal that lives commensally in the nest, burrow, gall, or dwelling place of an animal of another species.


lexentry: eng/inquiry__Noun__1
written_rep: inquiry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дозна́ние | запро́с | рассле́дование
sense_list:
The act of inquiring; a seeking of information by asking questions; interrogation; a question or questioning.


lexentry: eng/inroad__Noun__1
written_rep: inroad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нае́зд | наше́ствие
sense_list:
(military, also, figuratively) An advance into enemy territory, an attempted invasion; an encroachment, an incursion.


lexentry: eng/inroad__Noun__1
written_rep: inroad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: прогре́сс
sense_list:
(figuratively, usually, in the plural) Often followed by in, into, or on: initial progress made toward accomplishing a goal or solving a problem.


lexentry: eng/inscribe__Verb__1
written_rep: inscribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: начертать
sense_list:
(transitive) To write or cut (words) onto (something, especially a hard surface, or a book to be given to another person); to engrave.


lexentry: eng/inscribe__Verb__1
written_rep: inscribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: впи́сывать | вписа́ть
sense_list:
(geometry) To draw a circle, sphere, etc. inside a polygon, polyhedron, etc. and tangent to all its sides.


lexentry: eng/inscription__Noun__1
written_rep: inscription
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: на́дпись
sense_list:
Text carved on a wall or plaque, such as a memorial or gravestone, or on some other item. | The text on a coin.


lexentry: eng/insect__Noun__1
written_rep: insect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: насеко́мое | бука́шка | козя́вка | насекомое
sense_list:
An arthropod (in the Insecta class) characterized by six legs, up to four wings, and a chitinous exoskeleton.


lexentry: eng/insect__Noun__1
written_rep: insect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бука́шка | козя́вка
sense_list:
(colloquial) Any small arthropod similar to an insect, including spiders, centipedes, millipedes, etc.


lexentry: eng/insemination__Noun__1
written_rep: insemination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: оплодотворе́ние | осемене́ние
sense_list:
The introduction of sperm into a female’s reproductive system for the purpose of impregnating (making pregnant).


lexentry: eng/insert__Noun__1
written_rep: insert
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вкла́дыш | вкле́йка | вста́вка
sense_list:
An image inserted into text. | A promotional or instructive leaflet inserted into a magazine, newspaper, tape or disk package, etc.


lexentry: eng/inshallah__Interjection__1
written_rep: inshallah
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иншаалла́х | иншалла́х
sense_list:
(Islam) Expressing the speaker’s wish for a given future event to occur, and also generally their emphasis on its contingency upon the divine will.


lexentry: eng/inside__Adjective__1
written_rep: inside
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́тренний
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to the inner surface, limit or boundary. | Nearer to the interior or centre of something. | Originating from, arranged by, or being someone inside an organisation.


lexentry: eng/inside__Adverb__1
written_rep: inside
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: внутри́ | внутрь
sense_list:
Within or towards the interior of something; within the scope or limits of something (a place), especially a building.


lexentry: eng/inside__Noun__1
written_rep: inside
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вну́тренности | нутро́
sense_list:
The side of a curved road, racetrack etc. that has the shorter arc length; the side of a racetrack nearer the interior of the course or some other point of reference.


lexentry: eng/insider__Noun__1
written_rep: insider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инса́йдер | свой челове́к
sense_list:
A person who has special knowledge about the inner workings of a group, organization, or institution.


lexentry: eng/insider_trading__Noun__1
written_rep: insider trading
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(business, finance, law) The illegal trading of a public company's stock or other securities based on material, nonpublic information about the company.

trans_list:
инсайдерская торговля | внутрисекретная торговля | инса́йдерские торго́вые опера́ции с це́нными бума́гами | торго́вля инса́йдерской информа́цией


lexentry: eng/insidiousness__Noun__1
written_rep: insidiousness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кова́рство
sense_list:
A surreptitious harmfulness, quality of entrapment, or treacherousness; the characteristic of being insidious.


lexentry: eng/insight__Noun__1
written_rep: insight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инса́йт | интроспе́кция
sense_list:
A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; frequently used with into.


lexentry: eng/insight__Noun__1
written_rep: insight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: инса́йт
sense_list:
(marketing) Knowledge (usually derived from consumer understanding) that a company applies in order to make a product or brand perform better and be more appealing to customers


lexentry: eng/insignia__Noun__1
written_rep: insignia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: знак отли́чия | знак разли́чия
sense_list:
A patch or other object that indicates a person's official or military rank, or membership in a group or organization.


lexentry: eng/insignia__Noun__1
written_rep: insignia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: значо́к | меда́ль | о́рден | эмбле́ма
sense_list:
A symbol or token of personal power, status, or office, or of an official body of government or jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/insinuate__Verb__1
written_rep: insinuate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: заи́скивать пе́ред | сниска́ть (чью-нибу́дь) ми́лость
sense_list:
(figurative, by extension) To ingratiate; to obtain access to or introduce something by subtle, cunning or artful means.


lexentry: eng/insinuation__Noun__1
written_rep: insinuation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инсинуа́ция
sense_list:
The act of gaining favor, affection, or influence, by gentle or artful means; — formerly used in a good sense, as of friendly influence or interposition.


lexentry: eng/insolvency__Noun__1
written_rep: insolvency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неплатёжеспосо́бность | несостоя́тельность
sense_list:
(finance) The condition of being insolvent; the state or condition of a person who is insolvent; the condition of one who is unable to pay their debts as they fall due, or in the usual course of trade and business.


lexentry: eng/inspect__Verb__1
written_rep: inspect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: осма́тривать | осмотре́ть
sense_list:
To examine critically or carefully; especially, to search out problems or determine condition; to scrutinize.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: inspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вдыха́ние | вдох
sense_list:
(physiology, uncountable) The drawing of air into the lungs, accomplished in mammals by elevation of the chest walls and flattening of the diaphragm, as part of the act of breathing.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: inspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вдохнове́ние
sense_list:
A supernatural divine influence on the prophets, apostles, or sacred writers, by which they were qualified to communicate moral or religious truth with authority; a supernatural influence which qualifies people to receive and communicate divine truth; also, the truth communicated.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: inspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: вдохнове́ние | вдохновение
sense_list:
The act or process of an elevating or stimulating influence upon the intellect, emotions or creativity.


lexentry: eng/inspire__Verb__1
written_rep: inspire
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вдохновля́ть | вдохнови́ть | внуша́ть | внуши́ть | воодушеви́ть | воодушевля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To infuse into the mind; to communicate to the spirit; to convey, as by a divine or supernatural influence; to disclose preternaturally; to produce in, as by inspiration.


lexentry: eng/inspire__Verb__1
written_rep: inspire
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вдохновля́ть | вдохнови́ть | воодушеви́ть | воодушевля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To infuse into; to affect, as with a superior or supernatural influence; to fill with what animates, enlivens or exalts; to communicate inspiration to.


lexentry: eng/instability__Noun__1
written_rep: instability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: непро́чность | неусто́йчивость
sense_list:
(physics, countable) A state that is not in equilibrium, or in which a small change has a large irreversible effect.


lexentry: eng/installation__Noun__1
written_rep: installation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: устано́вка | инсталля́ция | монта́ж | обору́дование
sense_list:
Something installed, especially the whole of a system of machines, apparatus, and accessories, when set up and arranged for practical working, as in electric lighting, transmission of power, etc.


lexentry: eng/installment__Noun__1
written_rep: installment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́пуск | часть
sense_list:
One of a series of parts, whether equal or unequal to the other parts of the series, of a given entity or a given process, which part presents or is presented at a particular scheduled interval.


lexentry: eng/installment__Noun__1
written_rep: installment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: взнос
sense_list:
(banking, finance) One member of a series of portions of a debt or sum of money, which portions may or may not be equated (depending in part on whether the interest rate is fixed or variable), payment of which portions are serially exacted at regularly scheduled intervals toward satisfaction of the total. Payments of installments are generally mensual, quarterly, triannual, biannual, or annual.


lexentry: eng/instance__Noun__1
written_rep: instance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: экземпля́р
sense_list:
(computing) A specific occurrence of something that is created or instantiated, such as a database, or an object of a class in object-oriented programming. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/instant_coffee__Noun__1
written_rep: instant coffee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: раствори́мый ко́фе
sense_list:
A beverage in the form of a powder, granules, or concentrated liquid, made from coffee and able to be quickly reconstituted by adding water.


lexentry: eng/instant_noodle__Noun__1
written_rep: instant noodle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[лапша́]] [[быстрый|бы́строго]] [[приготовление|приготовле́ния]]
sense_list:
(chiefly, in the plural) One of a mass of dried precooked noodles fused with oil, usually soaked in boiling water for a few minutes before being eaten.


lexentry: eng/instantaneous__Adjective__1
written_rep: instantaneous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мгнове́нный | момента́льный
sense_list:
Occurring, arising, or functioning without any delay; happening within an imperceptibly brief period of time. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/instantiate__Verb__1
written_rep: instantiate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инстанцировать
sense_list:
(transitive, object-oriented programming) To create an object (an instance) of a specific class. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/instar__Noun__1
written_rep: instar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: во́зраст
sense_list:
Any one of the several stages of postembryonic development which an arthropod undergoes, between molts, before it reaches sexual maturity. | An arthropod at a specified one of these stages of development.


lexentry: eng/instigation__Noun__1
written_rep: instigation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подстрека́тельство
sense_list:
The act of instigating, or the state of being instigated; incitement; especially to evil or wickedness.


lexentry: eng/instigator__Noun__1
written_rep: instigator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зачи́нщик | зачи́нщица | подстрека́тель | подстрека́тельница
sense_list:
A person who intentionally instigates, incites, or starts something, especially one that creates trouble.


lexentry: eng/institution__Noun__1
written_rep: institution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ве́домство | заведе́ние | институ́ция | организа́ция | учрежде́ние
sense_list:
A long established and respected organization, particularly one involved with education, public service, or charity work.


lexentry: eng/instructive__Noun__1
written_rep: instructive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инструкти́в | инструкти́вный паде́ж
sense_list:
(linguistics) A case in the Finnish and Estonian languages. It expresses the means or the instrument used to perform an action.


lexentry: eng/instructive_case__Noun__1
written_rep: instructive case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инструкти́в
sense_list:
(grammar) : noun case used to indicate means. It answers the question "how?", and in English, this is usually expressed by the prepositional phrase by means of, as in "by means of the house". Languages that use the instructive case include Finnish and (rarely) Estonian.


lexentry: eng/instrumental__Adjective__1
written_rep: instrumental
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: твори́тельный
sense_list:
(music) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for an instrument, especially a musical instrument (rather than the human voice). | (grammar) Applied to a case expressing means or agency, generally corresponding to the English use of prepositions such as by, with, through, or by means of with the objective case.


lexentry: eng/instrumental_case__Noun__1
written_rep: instrumental case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: твори́тельный паде́ж | творительный падеж
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun case used to express means or agency—and is generally indicated in English by by or with with the objective. Languages that use the instrumental case include Armenian, Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Dyirbal, Georgian, Latvian, Slovene, Polish, Ukrainian, Quechua, Russian, Assamese, Tamil, Turkish and Sanskrit. Extinct languages that used the instrumental case include Old English, Old Saxon and Old High German.


lexentry: eng/insubordination__Noun__1
written_rep: insubordination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неповинове́ние | неподчине́ние | непоко́рность | ослуша́ние
sense_list:
The quality or state of being insubordinate; disobedience to lawful authority; specifically, an employee's failure or refusal to comply with a request or an assignment given by his/her supervisor.


lexentry: eng/insular__Adjective__1
written_rep: insular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: за́мкнутый | изоли́рованный | огоро́женный | ограни́ченный
sense_list:
Separate or isolated from the surroundings; having little regard for others opinions or prejudices; provincial.


lexentry: eng/insulate__Verb__1
written_rep: insulate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоли́ровать | изолировать
sense_list:
To separate a body or material from others, e.g. by non-conductors to prevent the transfer of electricity, heat, etc.


lexentry: eng/insulation__Noun__1
written_rep: insulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изоли́рование | изоля́ция
sense_list:
The act of insulating; detachment from other objects; isolation. | (engineering) The act of separating a body from others by nonconductors, so as to prevent the transfer of electricity, heat, or sound


lexentry: eng/insulation__Noun__1
written_rep: insulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: изоля́тор | изоля́ция
sense_list:
(electricity) a medium in which it is possible to maintain an electrical field with little supply of energy from additional sources.


lexentry: eng/insulator__Noun__1
written_rep: insulator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изоля́тор
sense_list:
A substance that does not transmit heat (thermal insulator), sound (acoustic insulator) or electricity (electrical insulator). | A non-conductive structure, coating or device that does not transmit sound, heat or electricity (see image)


lexentry: eng/insult__Noun__1
written_rep: insult
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оскорбле́ние | оби́да
sense_list:
(uncountable) Action or form of speech deliberately intended to be rude; (countable) a particular act or statement having this effect.


lexentry: eng/insult__Verb__1
written_rep: insult
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оскорбля́ть | оби́деть | обижа́ть | оскорби́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To be insensitive, insolent, or rude to (somebody); to affront or demean (someone). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/insurance_fraud__Noun__1
written_rep: insurance fraud
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: страховое мошенничество
sense_list:
(legal) Receiving insurance policy-based compensation by deceitfully causing an event that, if it were accidental, would lead to a rightful claim for said compensation.


lexentry: eng/insurance_policy__Noun__1
written_rep: insurance policy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: страхово́й по́лис
sense_list:
(insurance) A legal document outlining a particular insurance cover for an insured entity for a given risk.


lexentry: eng/insure__Verb__1
written_rep: insure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: застрахо́вывать | застрахова́ть | страхова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To provide for compensation if some specified risk occurs. Often agreed by policy (contract) to offer financial compensation in case of an accident, theft or other undesirable event.


lexentry: eng/insurgent__Noun__1
written_rep: insurgent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бунтовщи́к | инсурге́нт | мяте́жник | повста́нец
sense_list:
One of several people who take up arms against the local state authority; a participant in insurgency.


lexentry: eng/insurrection__Noun__1
written_rep: insurrection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бунт | восста́ние | мяте́ж
sense_list:
(uncountable) The action of part or all of a national population violently rising up against the government or other authority; (countable) an instance of this; a revolt, an uprising; specifically, one that is at an initial stage or limited in nature.


lexentry: eng/intangible_asset__Noun__1
written_rep: intangible asset
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: невеще́ственный акти́в | нематериа́льный акти́в | неосяза́емый акти́в
sense_list:
(business, accounting) Any valuable property of a business that is not a physical by nature, including intellectual property, customer lists, and goodwill. Intangible assets may or may not be shown on the balance sheet.


lexentry: eng/integer__Noun__1
written_rep: integer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: це́лое | це́лое число́
sense_list:
(arithmetic) A number that is not a fraction; an element of the infinite and numerable set {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}.


lexentry: eng/integral__Noun__1
written_rep: integral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́л | интеграл
sense_list:
(mathematics) One of the two fundamental operations of calculus (the other being differentiation), whereby a function's displacement, area, volume, or other qualities arising from the study of infinitesimal change are quantified, usually defined as a limiting process on a sequence of partial sums. Denoted using a long s: ∫, or a variant thereof.


lexentry: eng/integral_calculus__Noun__1
written_rep: integral calculus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́льное исчисле́ние | интегральное исчисление
sense_list:
(calculus) The calculus that generalizes summation to find areas, masses, volumes, sums, and totals of quantities described by continuously varying functions.


lexentry: eng/integral_equation__Noun__1
written_rep: integral equation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́льное уравне́ние
sense_list:
(mathematics) An equation involving a function f(x) and integrals of that function to be solved for f(x)


lexentry: eng/integrate__Verb__1
written_rep: integrate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: интегри́ровать | проинтегри́ровать
sense_list:
(mathematics, science, transitive) To subject to the operation of integration; to find the integral of an equation.


lexentry: eng/integrated_circuit__Noun__1
written_rep: integrated circuit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́льная схе́ма
sense_list:
(semiconductors) A thin chip, usually of silicon, consisting of at least two interconnected semiconductor devices, mainly transistors.


lexentry: eng/integration__Noun__1
written_rep: integration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегра́ция | интеграция
sense_list:
The act or process of making whole or entire. | (society) The process of fitting into a community, notably applied to minorities.


lexentry: eng/integration__Noun__1
written_rep: integration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: интегри́рование
sense_list:
(biology) In evolution, the process by which the manifold is compacted into the relatively simple and permanent; supposed to alternate with differentiation as an agent in species' development.


lexentry: eng/integration_by_parts__Noun__1
written_rep: integration by parts
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интегри́рование по частя́м
sense_list:
(analysis) A method of integration directly related to the rule for differentiation of products; can be written as \int u\ dv = uv - \int v\ du.


lexentry: eng/intellect__Noun__1
written_rep: intellect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интелле́кт | ра́зум | ум
sense_list:
(uncountable) The faculty of thinking, judging, abstract reasoning, and conceptual understanding; the cognitive faculty.


lexentry: eng/intellectual_property__Noun__1
written_rep: intellectual property
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интеллектуа́льная со́бственность | интеллектуальная собственность
sense_list:
(copyright law, uncountable) A kind of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect, such as patents, copyrights, and trademarks.


lexentry: eng/intellectualism__Noun__1
written_rep: intellectualism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интеллектуали́зм
sense_list:
The use or development of the intellect. | (philosophy) The doctrine that knowledge is derived from pure reason.


lexentry: eng/intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: интеллиге́нтность | ум | интелле́кт | ра́зум | рассу́док
sense_list:
(mostly, uncountable) The quality of making use or having made use of such capacities: depth of understanding, mental quickness.


lexentry: eng/intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: разве́дка | разве́дывательные да́нные | разведда́нные | разведслу́жба | све́дения
sense_list:
(countable) A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.


lexentry: eng/intelligence_agency__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence agency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разве́дка | разве́дывательная слу́жба | специа́льная слу́жба
sense_list:
A governmental agency that is tasked with information gathering (known in the context as "intelligence") for purposes of national security and defense.


lexentry: eng/intelligence_quotient__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence quotient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коэффицие́нт интелле́кта | IQ | ай-кью́
sense_list:
A score derived from one of several different standardized tests attempting to measure a person's intelligence relative to that of the general population, with the average usually calibrated to a number around 100.


lexentry: eng/intelligent_design__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligent design
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разу́мный за́мысел
sense_list:
The belief that biological life on Earth, or more broadly, the universe as a whole, was created by an intelligent agent (specified or unspecified) rather than being the result of undirected natural processes.


lexentry: eng/intend__Verb__1
written_rep: intend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: намерева́ться | плани́ровать | собира́ться
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, usually followed by particle "to" + verb, or "on"/"upon" + noun) To fix the mind upon (something, or something to be accomplished); be intent upon


lexentry: eng/intendment__Noun__1
written_rep: intendment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: закон | законодатель | наме́рение | понима́ние
sense_list:
(legal) the sense in which the legal system interprets something, especially the intention of legislation


lexentry: eng/intense__Adjective__1
written_rep: intense
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: стра́стный
sense_list:
Of feelings, thoughts, etc.: strongly focused; ardent, deep, earnest, passionate. | Of a person: very emotional or passionate.


lexentry: eng/intensifier__Noun__1
written_rep: intensifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: усилитель
sense_list:
That which intensifies. | (photography) A chemical agent used to intensify the lights or shadows of a photograph.


lexentry: eng/intensive__Adjective__1
written_rep: intensive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: интенси́вный
sense_list:
Chiefly suffixed to a noun: using something with intensity; requiring a great amount of something; demanding.


lexentry: eng/intensive_care__Noun__1
written_rep: intensive care
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[интенси́вный]] [[ухо́д]] | [[интенсивный|интенси́вная]] [[терапи́я]] | реанима́ция
sense_list:
(medicine) The support and monitoring of critically ill patients, especially by the use of instrumentation and specialized staff and equipment.


lexentry: eng/intensive_care_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: intensive care unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отделе́ние реанима́ции и интенси́вной терапи́и
sense_list:
A part of a hospital into which critically ill patients, in danger of dying, are admitted and closely monitored.


lexentry: eng/intentionality__Noun__1
written_rep: intentionality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: преднаме́ренность | целенапра́вленность
sense_list:
(philosophy) The characteristic of a mental state whereby it is about something, which relates to mental states in an analogous way as meaning relates to a word.


lexentry: eng/inter-__Prefix__1
written_rep: inter-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: между- | интер- | меж-
sense_list:
Intermittently: the root verb is done between or among temporal entities; also forming nouns and adjectives derived from the verb form. | Internally: the root verb is done in between or among relevant entities; also forming nouns and adjectives derived from the verb form. | Intersocially: the root verb is done between or among social entities; also forming nouns and adjectives derived from the verb form. | Interspatially: the root verb is done between or among spatial entities; also forming nouns and adjectives derived from the verb form. | Communal: a kind of the root which is shared among people.


lexentry: eng/interaction__Noun__1
written_rep: interaction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: взаимоде́йствие
sense_list:
The situation or occurrence in which two or more objects or events act upon one another to produce a new effect; the effect resulting from such a situation or occurrence.


lexentry: eng/interactive__Adjective__1
written_rep: interactive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интеракти́вный | взаимоде́йствующий
sense_list:
Interacting with or communicating with and reacting to each other; influencing or having an effect on each other; acting or capable of acting on each other or with the other.


lexentry: eng/interactome__Noun__1
written_rep: interactome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интеракто́м
sense_list:
(biology) All the interactions between biological entities in cells and organisms considered as a whole.


lexentry: eng/intercalary__Adjective__1
written_rep: intercalary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: високо́сный
sense_list:
(botany) of a meristem: situated between zones of permanent tissue, thus a shoot growing at the base of a leaf, in comparison with apical growth at the tip of a root or plant.


lexentry: eng/intercept__Verb__1
written_rep: intercept
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: перехва́тывать | перехвати́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, American football) Of a defensive player: to steal a pass thrown by the opposing team, gaining possession of the ball. | (transitive, sports) To gain possession of (the ball) in a ball game.


lexentry: eng/interchange__Noun__1
written_rep: interchange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: у́зел
sense_list:
(countable) A junction in which traffic may merge to enter or diverge to exit a limited-access highway to access a surface street, without crossing traffic on the main highway.


lexentry: eng/interchange__Noun__1
written_rep: interchange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: переса́дка | развя́зка | у́зел
sense_list:
(rail transport, countable) A connection between two or more lines, services or modes of transport; a station at which such a connection can be made.


lexentry: eng/intercom__Noun__1
written_rep: intercom
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: An electronic communication system, especially one between rooms in a building.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[внутренний|вну́тренняя]] связь | [[переговорный|перегово́рное]] [[устро́йство]] | [[систе́ма]] [[двусторонний|двусторо́нней]] [[связь|свя́зи]] | домофо́н | интерко́м


lexentry: eng/interconfessional__Adjective__1
written_rep: interconfessional
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: межконфессиона́льный
sense_list:
(religion) Taking place between religious organisations that have different systems of formulated theology (confessions of faith)


lexentry: eng/intercontinental_ballistic_missile__Noun__1
written_rep: intercontinental ballistic missile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[межконтинентальный|межконтинента́льная]] [[баллистический|баллисти́ческая]] [[раке́та]] | МБР
sense_list:
(military, rocketry) A class of long-range missiles associated especially with carrying nuclear warheads.


lexentry: eng/interdict__Noun__1
written_rep: interdict
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интердикт
sense_list:
A papal decree prohibiting the administration of the sacraments from a political entity under the power of a single person (e.g., a king or an oligarchy with similar powers). Extreme unction/Anointing of the Sick is excepted.


lexentry: eng/interdict__Verb__1
written_rep: interdict
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: сдерживать
sense_list:
(transitive, US, military) To impede (an enemy); to interrupt or destroy (enemy communications, supply lines etc). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/interdisciplinary__Adjective__1
written_rep: interdisciplinary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междисциплина́рный | междисциплинарный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to multiple distinct academic disciplines or fields of study. | Of or pertaining to a linkage between multiple distinct academic disciplines or fields of study.


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проце́нт | ставка
sense_list:
(uncountable, finance) The price paid for obtaining, or price received for providing, money or goods in a credit transaction, calculated as a fraction of the amount or value of what was borrowed. [from earlier 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: интере́с | интерес
sense_list:
(uncountable) A great attention and concern from someone or something; intellectual curiosity. [from later 18th c.] | (uncountable) Attention that is given to or received from someone or something.


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: интере́с
sense_list:
(countable) An involvement, claim, right, share, stake in or link with a financial, business, or other undertaking or endeavor.


lexentry: eng/interest__Verb__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заинтересова́ть | интересова́ть | заинтересова́ться | интересова́ться
sense_list:
(obsolete, often, _, impersonal) To be concerned with or engaged in; to affect; to concern; to excite.


lexentry: eng/interest_rate__Noun__1
written_rep: interest rate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проце́нтная ста́вка
sense_list:
(finance) The percentage of an amount of money charged for its use per some period of time (often a year).


lexentry: eng/interface__Noun__1
written_rep: interface
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерфе́йс
sense_list:
The point of interconnection or contact between entities. | (computing) The point of interconnection between systems or subsystems. | (computing) The connection between a user and a machine. | (object-oriented) In object-oriented programming, a piece of code defining a set of operations that other code must implement. | (object-oriented programming) In some languages, a block of code declaring the interface (point of interconnection) between a class and code that interacts with it.


lexentry: eng/interferometer__Noun__1
written_rep: interferometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерферометр
sense_list:
(physics) Any of several instruments that use the interference of waves to determine wavelengths and wave velocities, determine refractive indices, measure small distances, temperature changes, stresses, and many other useful measurements.


lexentry: eng/interferon__Noun__1
written_rep: interferon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерферо́н | интерферон
sense_list:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of glycoproteins, produced by the immune system, that prevent viral replication in infected cells.


lexentry: eng/interfix__Noun__1
written_rep: interfix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́нтерфикс | соедини́тельный а́ффикс
sense_list:
(linguistic morphology) An empty morph inserted between two morphemes in the process of word formation, such as English -i- and -o-.


lexentry: eng/interior__Adjective__1
written_rep: interior
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́тренний
sense_list:
Within any limits, enclosure, or substance; inside; internal; inner. | Remote from the limits, frontier, or shore; inland.


lexentry: eng/interjection__Noun__1
written_rep: interjection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: восклица́ние | междоме́тие | междометие
sense_list:
(grammar) An exclamation or filled pause; a word or phrase with no particular grammatical relation to a sentence, often an expression of emotion.


lexentry: eng/interlanguage__Noun__1
written_rep: interlanguage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интер-язы́к
sense_list:
A language generated by a student of a foreign language that incorporates aspects of their native language and the target language.


lexentry: eng/interleave__Verb__1
written_rep: interleave
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: проставля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To intersperse (something) at regular intervals between the parts of a thing or between items in a group.


lexentry: eng/interleave__Verb__1
written_rep: interleave
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: распределя́ть
sense_list:
(computing, transitive) To allocate (things such as successive segments of memory) to different tasks.


lexentry: eng/interlingual__Adjective__1
written_rep: interlingual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: межъязыковой
sense_list:
(linguistics, translation studies) Spanning multiple languages; having a multilingual flair or quality.


lexentry: eng/interlocking__Noun__1
written_rep: interlocking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: централизационный пост на посту
sense_list:
(rail) An arrangement of signal apparatus that prevents conflicting movements through a set of intersecting tracks, such as junctions or crossings.


lexentry: eng/interloper__Noun__1
written_rep: interloper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нахал
sense_list:
One who interferes, intrudes or gets involved where not welcome, particularly a self-interested intruder.


lexentry: eng/interlude__Noun__1
written_rep: interlude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерлю́дия
sense_list:
An intervening episode, etc. | An entertainment between the acts of a play. | (music) A short piece put between the parts of a longer composition.


lexentry: eng/intermediate_value_theorem__Noun__1
written_rep: intermediate value theorem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: теоре́ма Больца́но-Коши́ | теоре́ма о промежу́точном значе́нии
sense_list:
(calculus) A theorem that states for each value between the least upper bound and greatest lower bound of the image of a continuous function there is a corresponding point in its domain that the function maps to that value.


lexentry: eng/intermezzo__Noun__1
written_rep: intermezzo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерме́дия | интерме́ццо
sense_list:
(music, arts) A short piece of music or act in the interval of the main spectacle; a theatrical interlude.


lexentry: eng/intermission__Noun__1
written_rep: intermission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антра́кт | па́уза | переме́на | переры́в
sense_list:
A break, especially between two performances or sessions, such as at a concert, play, seminar, or religious assembly.


lexentry: eng/intermittent__Adjective__1
written_rep: intermittent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пересыха́ющий
sense_list:
(specifically, geology, of a body of water) Existing only for certain seasons; that is, being dry for part of the year.


lexentry: eng/intern__Verb__2
written_rep: intern
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(intransitive) To work as an intern, usually with little or no pay or other legal prerogatives of employment, and for the purpose of furthering a program of education.

trans_list:
[[пройти́]] [[практика|пра́ктику]]/[[стажировка|стажиро́вку]] | [[проходи́ть]] [[практика|пра́ктику]]/[[стажировка|стажиро́вку]]


lexentry: eng/internal_combustion__Noun__1
written_rep: internal combustion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вну́треннее сгора́ние
sense_list:
The process where fuel is burned within an engine such as a diesel engine, producing power directly as opposed to externally such as in a steam engine.


lexentry: eng/internal_combustion_engine__Noun__1
written_rep: internal combustion engine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: дви́гатель вну́треннего сгора́ния
sense_list:
A heat engine in which intermittent or the continuous burning of a fuel takes place inside a combustion chamber; the resulting pressurized gas acts directly on the engine to do useful work, such as a piston engine, gas turbine, jet engine or rocket.


lexentry: eng/international__Adjective__1
written_rep: international
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интернациона́льный | междунаро́дный | международный
sense_list:
common to, or affecting, two or more nations. | Of or concerning the association called the International.


lexentry: eng/international_law__Noun__1
written_rep: international law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междунаро́дное пра́во
sense_list:
Set of rules generally regarded and accepted as binding in relations between states and between nations, serving as a framework for the practice of stable and organized international relations.


lexentry: eng/international_organization__Noun__1
written_rep: international organization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междунаро́дная организа́ция
sense_list:
(international law) An organisation established by a treaty or other instrument governed by international law and possessing its own international legal personality.


lexentry: eng/international_waters__Noun__1
written_rep: international waters
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междунаро́дные во́ды | нейтра́льные во́ды | откры́тое мо́ре
sense_list:
(international law) Those parts of the ocean that are not legally recognized as being under the jurisdiction of any national government.


lexentry: eng/internationalization__Noun__1
written_rep: internationalization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интернационализа́ция
sense_list:
The conversion of something in order to make it international. | (software engineering) The act or process of making a product suitable for international markets, typically by making text messages easily translatable and ensuring support of non-Latin character sets, languages, and regions.


lexentry: eng/interoperability__Noun__1
written_rep: interoperability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интероперабельность | переносимость | совмести́мость | функциональная совмести́мость
sense_list:
The capability of a product or system, to interact and function with others reciprocally. | (military) The capacity for a service, piece of equipment etc., to be operated by different forces or groups.


lexentry: eng/interpellate__Verb__1
written_rep: interpellate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заговорить
sense_list:
(obsolete) To interrupt (someone) so as to inform or question (that person about something). | (transitive, chiefly, politics) To question (someone) formally concerning official or governmental policy or business.


lexentry: eng/interpellation__Noun__1
written_rep: interpellation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерпелляция
sense_list:
(politics) The act of interpellating (questioning); the period in which government officials are questioned about and explain an act, a policy or a point raised during a debate.


lexentry: eng/interpolate__Verb__1
written_rep: interpolate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерполировать
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To introduce (something) between other things; especially to insert (possibly spurious) words into a text.


lexentry: eng/interpolation__Noun__1
written_rep: interpolation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерполя́ция
sense_list:
(music) An abrupt change in elements, with continuation of the first idea. | (mathematics, science) The process of estimating the value of a function at a point from its values at nearby points. | (computing) The process of interpolating: including and processing externally-fetched data in a document or program.


lexentry: eng/interposition__Noun__1
written_rep: interposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: передача
sense_list:
The act of interposing, or the state of being interposed; a being, placing, or coming between; mediation.


lexentry: eng/interpret__Verb__1
written_rep: interpret
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перевести́ | переводи́ть
sense_list:
To decode the meaning of a topic and then act, whether to continue researching the topic, follow through, act in opposition, or further the understanding through sharing an interpretation.


lexentry: eng/interpret__Verb__1
written_rep: interpret
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: интерпрети́ровать | истолкова́ть | объясни́ть | объясня́ть | толкова́ть
sense_list:
To explain or tell the meaning of; to translate orally into intelligible or familiar language or terms. applied especially to language, but also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries, etc.


lexentry: eng/interpretation__Noun__1
written_rep: interpretation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: у́стный перево́д
sense_list:
(uncountable, linguistics, translation studies) The discipline or study of translating one spoken or signed language into another (as opposed to translation, which concerns itself with written language).


lexentry: eng/interpreter__Noun__1
written_rep: interpreter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерпрета́тор | переводчик
sense_list:
(computing) A program that converts commands into machine language in real time rather than compiling it in advance. [1954]


lexentry: eng/interpreter__Noun__1
written_rep: interpreter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(music, theater) A performer who presents a piece of art in a distinct style, particularly so as to make older works relevant to their audience.

trans_list:
перево́дчик | [[у́стный]] [[перево́дчик]] | [[устный|у́стная]] [[перево́дчица]] | перево́дчица | толма́ч | толма́чка


lexentry: eng/interregnum__Noun__1
written_rep: interregnum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междуца́рствие
sense_list:
The period of time between the end of a sovereign or political leader's reign and the accession of another.


lexentry: eng/interrobang__Noun__1
written_rep: interrobang
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вопроца́тельный знак | интерроба́нг
sense_list:
The nonstandard punctuation mark ⟨‽⟩ (a combination of ⟨?⟩ and ⟨!⟩), which may be used at the end of a sentence to express excitement or disbelief, or to indicate that it is a rhetorical question. [from 1962.] | (rare) A combination of a question mark and an exclamation mark; ⟨!?⟩ or ⟨?!⟩.


lexentry: eng/interrogative_pronoun__Noun__1
written_rep: interrogative pronoun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вопроси́тельное местоиме́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A pronoun used in a question. In English, the five interrogative pronouns are what, which, who, whom, and whose (also used as relative pronouns). These require no antecedent.


lexentry: eng/interrupt__Noun__1
written_rep: interrupt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прерывание
sense_list:
(computing, electronics) An event that causes a computer or other device to temporarily cease what it was doing and attend to a condition.


lexentry: eng/interrupt__Verb__1
written_rep: interrupt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прерыва́ть | вме́шиваться | вмеша́ться | меша́ть | оборва́ть | обрыва́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To disturb or halt (an ongoing process or action, or the person performing it) by interfering suddenly, especially by speaking.


lexentry: eng/intersect__Verb__1
written_rep: intersect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перерезать
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To cut into or between; to cut or cross mutually; to divide into parts. | (mathematics) Of two sets, to have at least one element in common.


lexentry: eng/intersection__Noun__1
written_rep: intersection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пересече́ние
sense_list:
(geometry) The point or set of points common to two geometrical objects (such as the point where two lines meet or the line where two planes intersect). | (set theory) The set containing all the elements that are common to two or more sets.


lexentry: eng/intersectionality__Noun__1
written_rep: intersectionality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: интерсекциона́льность
sense_list:
The study of (or a sociological methodology of studying) overlapping or intersecting social identities and related systems of oppression, domination, or discrimination.


lexentry: eng/intersex__Adjective__1
written_rep: intersex
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерсексуа́льный
sense_list:
Of an individual, having any of a variety of inherent conditions (in a species with distinct sexes) in which one's sex characteristics differ from those of a typical male and female; for example, having sex characteristics relating to both male and female sexes.


lexentry: eng/intersexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: intersexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интерсексуа́льность
sense_list:
The state of having the physical features of both sexes, or of having ambiguous sex, i.e. not unambiguously male or female.


lexentry: eng/interstate__Adverb__1
written_rep: interstate
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междушта́тный | межшта́тный
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, and, Australia) Crossing states (usually provincial state, but also e.g. multinational sense).


lexentry: eng/interstice__Noun__1
written_rep: interstice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зазо́р | промежу́ток | расще́лина
sense_list:
A small opening or space between objects, especially adjacent objects or objects set closely together, such as between cords in a rope, components of a multiconductor electrical cable or atoms in a crystal.


lexentry: eng/interstice__Noun__1
written_rep: interstice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: промежу́ток
sense_list:
An interval of time required by the Roman Catholic Church between the attainment of different degrees of an order.


lexentry: eng/interstitial__Noun__1
written_rep: interstitial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вста́вка
sense_list:
(Internet, advertising) A web page, usually carrying advertising, displayed when leaving one content page for another.


lexentry: eng/interval__Noun__1
written_rep: interval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: интерва́л | интервал
sense_list:
(music) The difference (a ratio or logarithmic measure) in pitch between two notes, often referring to those two pitches themselves (otherwise known as a dyad).


lexentry: eng/intervene__Verb__1
written_rep: intervene
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: вмешаться | вмешиваться
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To say (something) in the middle of a conversation or discussion between other people, or to respond to a situation involving other people.


lexentry: eng/interview__Noun__1
written_rep: interview
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: интервью́ | интервью
sense_list:
A conversation in person (or, by extension, over the telephone, Internet etc.) between a journalist and someone whose opinion or statements he or she wishes to record for publication, broadcast etc. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/interwar__Adjective__1
written_rep: interwar
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: межвое́нный
sense_list:
During or relating to the period of time between two wars, especially the two World Wars (1919–1939).


lexentry: eng/intestine__Noun__1
written_rep: intestine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кише́чник | кишка́ | чре́во
sense_list:
(anatomy, often pluralized) The alimentary canal of an animal through which food passes after having passed all stomachs.


lexentry: eng/intestine__Noun__1
written_rep: intestine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кише́чник | кишка́
sense_list:
One of certain subdivisions of this part of the alimentary canal, such as the small or large intestine in human beings.


lexentry: eng/intifada__Noun__1
written_rep: intifada
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интифа́да
sense_list:
An insurrection; a usually violent attempt to take control of a government. | (often, capitalized) The Palestinian uprisings against Israel. | An uprising, resistant struggle, or rebellious protest.


lexentry: eng/intimacy__Noun__1
written_rep: intimacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бли́зость | инти́мность
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) Feeling or atmosphere of closeness and openness towards someone else, often but not necessarily involving sexuality.


lexentry: eng/intimidate__Verb__1
written_rep: intimidate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: запу́гивать | запуга́ть | испуга́ть | пуга́ть | устраша́ть | устраши́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To make timid or afraid; to cause to feel fear or nervousness; to deter, especially by threats of violence.


lexentry: eng/intolerant__Adjective__1
written_rep: intolerant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: нетерпи́мый | нетолера́нтный
sense_list:
Not tolerant; close-minded about new or different ideas; indisposed to tolerate contrary opinions or beliefs; impatient of dissent or opposition; denying or refusing the right of private opinion or choice in others; inclined to persecute or suppress dissent.


lexentry: eng/intractable__Adjective__1
written_rep: intractable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: тру́дный | трудная
sense_list:
(maths) (of a mathematical problem) Not able to be solved in polynomial time; too difficult to attempt to solve.


lexentry: eng/intrauterine_device__Noun__1
written_rep: intrauterine device
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ВМС | внутрима́точная спира́ль | спира́ль
sense_list:
A contraceptive device consisting of a spiral or similar shape of plastic or metal inserted through the vagina into the uterus in order to prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg.


lexentry: eng/intrigue__Noun__1
written_rep: intrigue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интри́га | интрига
sense_list:
A complicated or clandestine plot or scheme intended to effect some purpose by secret artifice; conspiracy; stratagem.


lexentry: eng/intrigue__Noun__1
written_rep: intrigue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сюже́т | фа́була
sense_list:
The plot of a play, poem or romance; the series of complications in which a writer involves their imaginary characters.


lexentry: eng/intrinsic__Adjective__1
written_rep: intrinsic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: составляющий
sense_list:
(anatomy, of a body part) Situated, produced, secreted in, or coming from inside an organ, tissue, muscle or member.


lexentry: eng/intrinsic_value__Noun__1
written_rep: intrinsic value
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: собственное значение
sense_list:
(finance, economics) The real value of something, calculated with regard to an inherent, objective measure, which may not take into account its market value or face value.


lexentry: eng/introit__Noun__1
written_rep: introit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интро́ит
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism, music) A prayer, typically part of a psalm or other portion of the Bible, read or sung at the start of Mass while or immediately after the priest ascends to the altar.


lexentry: eng/intron__Noun__1
written_rep: intron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интро́н
sense_list:
(genetics) A portion of a split gene that is included in pre-RNA transcripts but is removed during RNA processing and rapidly degraded.


lexentry: eng/introspection__Noun__1
written_rep: introspection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интроспе́кция | самоана́лиз | самонаблюде́ние
sense_list:
(psychology) A looking inward; specifically, the act or process of self-examination, or inspection of one's own thoughts and feelings; the cognition which the mind has of its own acts and states.


lexentry: eng/introvert__Noun__1
written_rep: introvert
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интрове́рт
sense_list:
(zoology) An organ or other body part that is or can be turned inside out, especially an anterior portion of some annelid worms capable of retraction. | (psychology) An introverted person: one who is considered more thoughtful than social, with a personality more inwardly than outwardly directed; one who often prefers to have time in non-social situations.


lexentry: eng/intrude__Verb__1
written_rep: intrude
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вторга́ться | меша́ть | навя́зываться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To thrust oneself in; to come or enter without invitation, permission, or welcome; to encroach; to trespass.


lexentry: eng/intrusive__Adjective__1
written_rep: intrusive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вторгаться | навя́зчивый | назо́йливый
sense_list:
Tending to intrude; doing that which is not welcome; interrupting or disturbing; entering without permission or welcome.


lexentry: eng/intrusive__Adjective__1
written_rep: intrusive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: интрузи́вный
sense_list:
(geology) Of rocks: forced, while in a plastic or molten state, into the cavities or between the cracks or layers of other rocks.


lexentry: eng/intuitionism__Noun__1
written_rep: intuitionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: интуитиви́зм
sense_list:
(mathematics) An approach to mathematics/logic which avoids proof by contradiction, and which requires that, in order to prove that something exists, one must construct it.


lexentry: eng/inulin__Noun__1
written_rep: inulin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инулин
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) A polysaccharide found in the roots and tubers of certain plants, especially the Compositae; it is mostly a polymer of fructose.


lexentry: eng/inure__Verb__1
written_rep: inure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приучать
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause someone to become accustomed to something that requires prolonged or repeated tolerance of one or more unpleasantries. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/invalid__Noun__1
written_rep: invalid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инвали́д | инвали́дка
sense_list:
(dated, sometimes, offensive) Any person with a disability or illness. | (dated, sometimes, offensive) A person who is confined to home or bed because of illness, disability or injury; one who is too sick or weak to care for themselves.


lexentry: eng/invasion__Noun__1
written_rep: invasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вторже́ние | наше́ствие
sense_list:
A military action consisting of armed forces of one geopolitical entity entering territory controlled by another such entity, generally with the objective of conquering territory or altering the established government.


lexentry: eng/inveigh__Verb__1
written_rep: inveigh
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оскорбля́ть | поносить | руга́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive, with against or occasionally about, formerly also with on, at, upon) To complain loudly, to give voice to one's censure or criticism [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/invention__Noun__1
written_rep: invention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: инве́нция
sense_list:
(music) A small, self-contained composition, particularly those in J.S. Bach’s Two- and Three-part Inventions.


lexentry: eng/inventive__Adjective__1
written_rep: inventive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изобрета́тельный | нахо́дчивый
sense_list:
Possessed of a particular capacity for the design of new mechanisms or processes, creative or skilful at inventing.


lexentry: eng/inverse__Noun__1
written_rep: inverse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: противоположность, контраст
sense_list:
(card games) The winning of the coup in a game of rouge et noir by a card of a color different from that first dealt; the area of the table reserved for bets upon such an outcome.


lexentry: eng/inverse_function__Noun__1
written_rep: inverse function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обратная фу́нкция
sense_list:
(mathematics) For a given function f, another function, denoted f−1, that reverses the mapping action of f; (formally) given a function f: X\rightarrow Y, a function g: Y\rightarrow X such that, \forall x\in X,\ f(x) = y \implies g(y)=x.


lexentry: eng/inverse_matrix__Noun__1
written_rep: inverse matrix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обра́тная ма́трица
sense_list:
(linear algebra) Of a matrix A, another matrix B such that A multiplied by B and B multiplied by A both equal the identity matrix.


lexentry: eng/inversion__Noun__1
written_rep: inversion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: [[обра́тный]] [[поря́док]] слов | инве́рсия
sense_list:
(grammar) Deviation from standard word order, as for example by putting the predicate before the subject. It takes place in questions with auxiliary verbs; in normal, affirmative clauses beginning with a negative particle, for the purpose of emphasis; and in other rhetorical devices or unusual situations.


lexentry: eng/invert__Verb__1
written_rep: invert
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вкла́дывать
sense_list:
(transitive) To turn (something) upside down or inside out; to place in a contrary order or direction.


lexentry: eng/inverted__Adjective__1
written_rep: inverted
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обратный
sense_list:
Having the order or direction changed; for example, turned upside down, reversed, or in any other way opposite or contrary.


lexentry: eng/investigation__Noun__1
written_rep: investigation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иссле́дование | рассле́дование | сле́дствие
sense_list:
The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research, especially patient or thorough inquiry or examination


lexentry: eng/investigative_journalism__Noun__1
written_rep: investigative journalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: журналистское расследование
sense_list:
A form of journalism in which the reporter deeply investigates a single topic of interest, often involving crime or corruption.


lexentry: eng/investiture__Noun__1
written_rep: investiture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инвеститу́ра
sense_list:
The act of investing, as with possession or power; formal bestowal or presentation of a possessory or prescriptive right.


lexentry: eng/investment__Noun__1
written_rep: investment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инвести́ция | вклад | вложе́ние | капиталовложе́ние
sense_list:
(finance) A placement of capital in expectation of deriving income or profit from its use or appreciation.


lexentry: eng/investment_bank__Noun__1
written_rep: investment bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инвестицио́нный банк
sense_list:
(banking, finance) A financial institution that deals with raising capital, trading in securities and managing corporate mergers and acquisitions.


lexentry: eng/invidious__Adjective__1
written_rep: invidious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ненави́стный | омерзи́тельный
sense_list:
Detestable, hateful, or odious. (Often used in cases of perceived unfairness, or when facing a difficult situation or choice — especially in the phrase invidious position.)


lexentry: eng/invisible_hand__Noun__1
written_rep: invisible hand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неви́димая рука́
sense_list:
(economics) A metaphor for the principle that in a free market, an individual pursuing his own self-interest also tends to promote the good of his community as a whole.


lexentry: eng/invisible_ink__Noun__1
written_rep: invisible ink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: невидимые чернила
sense_list:
An ink, invisible on application or soon thereafter, that can later be rendered visible by some process, such as exposing it to heat.


lexentry: eng/invitation__Noun__1
written_rep: invitation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приглаше́ние | приглашение
sense_list:
The act of inviting; solicitation; the requesting of a person's company. | (bridge) A bid that tells one's partner that game or slam is likely if their hand is at the strong end of what they have indicated.


lexentry: eng/invocation__Noun__1
written_rep: invocation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моли́тва | мольба́
sense_list:
The act or form of calling for the assistance or presence of some superior being, especially prayer offered to a divine being.


lexentry: eng/invoice__Noun__1
written_rep: invoice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: счёт | инво́йс | накладна́я | счёт-факту́ра | факту́ра
sense_list:
A bill; a commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer indicating the products, quantities and agreed prices for products or services that the seller has already provided the buyer with. An invoice indicates that, unless paid in advance, payment is due by the buyer to the seller, according to the agreed terms.


lexentry: eng/involution__Noun__1
written_rep: involution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: инволюторный
sense_list:
(mathematics) An endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
written_rep: involve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: каса́ться | косну́ться
sense_list:
To cause or engage (someone or something) to become connected or implicated, or to participate, in some activity or situation.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
written_rep: involve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: включа́ть | включи́ть | содержа́ть
sense_list:
(figuratively) To entangle, intertwine, or mingle (something with one or more other things, or several things together); especially, to entangle (someone or something) in a confusing or troublesome situation.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
written_rep: involve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: обвола́кивать | обволо́чь | оберну́ть | обора́чивать | обороти́ть | обёртывать
sense_list:
To form (something) into a coil or spiral, or into folds; to entwine, to fold up, to roll, to wind round.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
written_rep: involve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: возвести́ в сте́пень | возводи́ть в сте́пень
sense_list:
(mathematics) To multiply (a number) by itself a given number of times; to raise to any assigned power.


lexentry: eng/involved__Adjective__1
written_rep: involved
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вовлечённый | прича́стный
sense_list:
Associated with others, be a participant or make someone be a participant (in a crime, process, etc.)


lexentry: eng/iodoform__Noun__1
written_rep: iodoform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: йодоформ
sense_list:
(chemistry) A halogenated hydrocarbon, CHI3; a yellow crystalline compound, formerly used as a mild antiseptic.


lexentry: eng/iodometry__Noun__1
written_rep: iodometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иодометри́я
sense_list:
(chemistry) An analytical technique that uses the sudden disappearance (or appearance) of iodine to mark the end of a redox titration


lexentry: eng/ion__Noun__1
written_rep: ion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ио́н | ион
sense_list:
An atom or group of atoms bearing an electrical charge, such as the sodium and chlorine atoms in a salt solution.


lexentry: eng/ion_channel__Noun__1
written_rep: ion channel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ио́нный кана́л
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A protein complex or single protein that spans between both sides of a cell membrane and allows specific ions to pass through.


lexentry: eng/ionic_bond__Noun__1
written_rep: ionic bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ионная связь
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) A type of chemical bond where two atoms or molecules are connected to each other by electrostatic attraction.


lexentry: eng/ionization__Noun__1
written_rep: ionization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иониза́ция | ионизация
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) Any process that leads to the dissociation of a neutral atom or molecule into charged particles ions; the state of being ionized.


lexentry: eng/ionize__Verb__1
written_rep: ionize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ионизи́ровать | ионизова́ть
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) To dissociate atoms or molecules into electrically charged species; to be thus dissociated.


lexentry: eng/ionizing_radiation__Noun__1
written_rep: ionizing radiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ионизи́рующее излуче́ние
sense_list:
(physics) High-energy radiation that is capable of causing ionization in substances through which it passes; also includes high-energy particles.


lexentry: eng/ionosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: ionosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ионосфе́ра | ионосфера
sense_list:
The part of the Earth's atmosphere beginning at an altitude of about 50 kilometers (31 miles) and extending outward 500 kilometers (310 miles) or more.


lexentry: eng/iota__Noun__1
written_rep: iota
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ио́та | йо́та
sense_list:
The ninth letter of the Greek alphabet (Ι, ι). | (negative polarity) A jot; a very small, insignificant quantity.


lexentry: eng/iotation__Noun__1
written_rep: iotation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: йота́ция | йоти́рование
sense_list:
(linguistics) A specific occurrence of palatalization that occurred in the Proto-Slavic language, in which a consonant combined with the palatal approximant /j/ to form a palatalized consonant. | (linguistics) Any similar process occurring in a later Slavic language or elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/iridescence__Noun__1
written_rep: iridescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иризация
sense_list:
The condition or state of being iridescent; exhibition of colors like those of the rainbow; a prismatic play of color.


lexentry: eng/iridium__Noun__1
written_rep: iridium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ири́дий | иридий
sense_list:
(uncountable) A chemical element (symbol Ir) with an atomic number of 77: a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group.


lexentry: eng/iris__Noun__1
written_rep: iris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́рис | каса́тик | ирис
sense_list:
(botany) A plant of the genus Iris, common in the northern hemisphere, and generally having attractive blooms (See w:Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/iris__Noun__1
written_rep: iris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: и́рис | ра́дужка | ра́дужная оболо́чка
sense_list:
(anatomy) The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil, which adjusts to control the amount of light reaching the retina, and which forms the colored portion of the eye (See w:Iris (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/irksome__Adjective__1
written_rep: irksome
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неприятный
sense_list:
Marked by irritation or annoyance; disagreeable; troublesome by reason of long continuance or repetition


lexentry: eng/iron(II)_sulfate__Noun__1
written_rep: iron(II) sulfate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сульфат железа(II)
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The green, crystalline salt of divalent iron and sulfuric acid, FeSO4, used as a pigment, and in water treatment.


lexentry: eng/iron__Noun__1
written_rep: iron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: железо | желе́зо | фе́ррум
sense_list:
(uncountable) A common, inexpensive metal, silvery grey when untarnished, that rusts, is attracted by magnets, and is used in making steel: a chemical element having atomic number 26 and symbol Fe.


lexentry: eng/iron__Verb__1
written_rep: iron
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гла́дить | вы́гладить | вы́утюжить | отгла́дить | отутю́жить | погла́дить
sense_list:
(transitive) To pass an iron over (clothing or some other item made of cloth) in order to remove creases.


lexentry: eng/iron_filings__Noun__1
written_rep: iron filings
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: железные опилки
sense_list:
small fragments of iron, filed from a bar; used to visualize the presence of a magnetic field, and as a food additive


lexentry: eng/iron_maiden__Noun__1
written_rep: iron maiden
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: желе́зная де́ва
sense_list:
(historical) A falsely or neo-medieval torture device invented in the 18th century consisting of a chamber lined with spikes which closes upon and impales the victim inside.


lexentry: eng/ironclad__Adjective__1
written_rep: ironclad
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: желе́зный
sense_list:
(figuratively) Solid or certain; not able to be disputed or questioned; irrefutable. | (figuratively) Rigorous; severe; exacting.


lexentry: eng/ironing_board__Noun__1
written_rep: ironing board
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глади́льная доска́ | гладильная доска
sense_list:
A long board, often covered with fabric and having on legs that are usually collapsible, on which one can iron clothes.


lexentry: eng/irony__Noun__1
written_rep: irony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иро́ния | ирония
sense_list:
(rhetoric) The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context. | (informal) Contradiction between circumstances and expectations; condition contrary to what might be expected. [from the 1640s]


lexentry: eng/irrational__Adjective__1
written_rep: irrational
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иррациона́льный
sense_list:
(mathematics, arithmetic, number theory, not comparable) Of a real number, that cannot be written as the ratio of two integers.


lexentry: eng/irrationalism__Noun__1
written_rep: irrationalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иррационали́зм
sense_list:
A philosophical movement formed as a cultural reaction against positivism in the early 20th century.


lexentry: eng/irregular__Adjective__1
written_rep: irregular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: непра́вильный | неправильный
sense_list:
(grammar, of a word) not following the regular or expected patterns of inflection in a given language


lexentry: eng/irregularity__Noun__1
written_rep: irregularity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: непра́вильность | нерегуля́рность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state or condition of being irregular, or the extent to which something is irregular.


lexentry: eng/irrelevant__Adjective__1
written_rep: irrelevant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нева́жный | неподходя́щий | несуще́ственный | неуме́стный
sense_list:
Not usefully related: not associated in any way that is important or useful to the context being discussed: not materially applicable; having connections not applicable in the present situation.


lexentry: eng/irreligious__Adjective__1
written_rep: irreligious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нерелигиозный
sense_list:
Having no relation to religion. | Contrary to religious beliefs and practices. | In conscious rejection of religion.


lexentry: eng/irresponsibility__Noun__1
written_rep: irresponsibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безотве́тственность | безответственность
sense_list:
The character or state of being irresponsible; lack of or freedom from responsibility; want of accountability.


lexentry: eng/irreverence__Noun__1
written_rep: irreverence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: грубость
sense_list:
The state or quality of being irreverent; want of proper reverence; disregard of the authority and character of a superior.


lexentry: eng/irreverent__Adjective__1
written_rep: irreverent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: непочти́тельный | неуважи́тельный
sense_list:
Lacking respect; not having or not showing respect for or seriousness towards something that is usually treated with respect; going against conventional precepts.


lexentry: eng/irrigation__Noun__1
written_rep: irrigation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иррига́ция | ороше́ние
sense_list:
The act or process of irrigating, or the state of being irrigated; especially, the operation of causing water to flow over lands, for nourishing plants.


lexentry: eng/irritable_bowel_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: irritable bowel syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: синдро́м раздражённого кише́чника
sense_list:
(pathology) A functional disorder causing the nerves and muscles of the large intestine to be oversensitive, leading to symptoms such as cramp, bloating, flatulence, diarrhoea and constipation.


lexentry: eng/irritation__Noun__1
written_rep: irritation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: возбужде́ние | раздраже́ние
sense_list:
A condition of morbid excitability or oversensitiveness of an organ or part of the body; a state in which the application of ordinary stimuli produces pain or excessive or vitiated action.


lexentry: eng/isabelline_shrike__Noun__1
written_rep: isabelline shrike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: була́ный жула́н | рыжехво́стый жула́н
sense_list:
Lanius isabellinus, a member of the shrike family (Laniidae). It was formerly considered conspecific with the red-tailed shrike and the red-backed shrike.


lexentry: eng/ischemia__Noun__1
written_rep: ischemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ишеми́я
sense_list:
(cardiology, pathology) Local disturbance in blood circulation due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply (for example, embolism, thrombosis, or vasoconstriction).


lexentry: eng/ischemic__Adjective__1
written_rep: ischemic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ишеми́ческий
sense_list:
(pathology) Characteristic of, or accompanied by, ischemia — localised anaemia due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply, creating a local disturbance in blood circulation.


lexentry: eng/isinglass__Noun__1
written_rep: isinglass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ры́бий клей
sense_list:
A form of gelatine obtained from the air bladder of the sturgeon and certain other fish, used as an adhesive and as a clarifying agent for wine and beer.


lexentry: eng/island__Noun__1
written_rep: island
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: о́стров | остров
sense_list:
(by extension, in place names) A contiguous area of land, smaller than a continent, partially surrounded by water; A peninsula; A half-island. | An entity surrounded by other entities that are very different from itself.


lexentry: eng/island_chain__Noun__1
written_rep: island chain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цепь [[остров|острово́в]]
sense_list:
An archipelago consisting of neighboring islands which are roughly aligned, as if chained one to the next.


lexentry: eng/isobutyric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: isobutyric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изома́сляная кислота́
sense_list:
(fatty acid) 2-methyl-propanoic acid, (CH3)2CHCOOH, an isomer of butyric acid, that occurs in carob beans and croton oil.


lexentry: eng/isochore__Noun__1
written_rep: isochore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изохо́ра
sense_list:
(physics) A line drawn on a graph showing the variation of the pressure of a constant volume of gas as it varies with temperature.


lexentry: eng/isocline__Noun__1
written_rep: isocline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоклина́ль
sense_list:
(geography, mathematics) A line, curve or function on a graph or map linking points with the same slope or gradient. | (geography) A line on a map linking places with the same magnetic dip; an isoclinic line.


lexentry: eng/isolation__Noun__1
written_rep: isolation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: затво́рничество | изоля́ция | обособле́ние
sense_list:
(chiefly, uncountable) The state of being isolated, detached, or separated; the state of being away from other people.


lexentry: eng/isolation__Noun__1
written_rep: isolation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоля́ция
sense_list:
The act of isolating. | (diplomacy, of a country) The state of not having diplomatic relations with other countries (either with most or all other countries, or with specified other countries). | (chemistry) The obtaining of an element from one of its compounds, or of a compound from a mixture


lexentry: eng/isolator__Noun__1
written_rep: isolator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изолятор
sense_list:
A device that isolates something from the surrounding environment to keep it sterile. | A transparent box for holding small live animals.


lexentry: eng/isoleucine__Noun__1
written_rep: isoleucine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изолейцин
sense_list:
(amino acid) An essential amino acid, C6H13NO2, isomeric with leucine, found in most animal proteins.


lexentry: eng/isomer__Noun__1
written_rep: isomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изоме́р | изомер
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) Any of two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structure.


lexentry: eng/isomer__Noun__1
written_rep: isomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоме́р
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) Any of two or more atomic nuclei with the same mass number and atomic number but with different radioactive properties.


lexentry: eng/isomerism__Noun__1
written_rep: isomerism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изомери́я
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) the phenomenon of the existence of isomers - the existence of different substances with the same molecular formulae


lexentry: eng/isometric__Adjective__1
written_rep: isometric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: изометрический
sense_list:
(physiology) Of or involving muscular contraction against resistance in which the length of the muscle remains the same. See also: Wikipedia:isometric exercise


lexentry: eng/isometric__Adjective__1
written_rep: isometric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: изохорный
sense_list:
(physics, of a thermodynamic process) Taking place at constant volume because of being confined by rigid boundaries.


lexentry: eng/isomorphism__Noun__1
written_rep: isomorphism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоморфи́зм | изоморфизм
sense_list:
(category theory) A morphism which has a two-sided inverse; the composition of the morphism and such an inverse yields either one of two identity morphisms (depending on the order of composition).


lexentry: eng/isomorphism__Noun__1
written_rep: isomorphism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: изоморфизм
sense_list:
(group algebra) A bijection f such that both f and its inverse f −1 are homomorphisms, that is, structure-preserving mappings.


lexentry: eng/isoprene__Noun__1
written_rep: isoprene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изопре́н
sense_list:
(organic compound) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C5H8, that is readily polymerized; natural rubber (caoutchouc) is cis-1,4-polyisoprene, and trans-1,4-polyisoprene is present in gutta-percha and balata; it is the structural basis for the terpenes.


lexentry: eng/isotherm__Noun__1
written_rep: isotherm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изоте́рма
sense_list:
A line on a graph or chart, such as a weather map, along which all the points have the same temperature.


lexentry: eng/isotone__Noun__1
written_rep: isotone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изотон
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) Any of a number of nuclides of different elements that have the same number of neutrons.


lexentry: eng/isotope__Noun__1
written_rep: isotope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изото́п | изотоп
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) Any of two or more forms of an element where the atoms have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons within their nuclei. Thus, isotopes have the same atomic number but a different mass number.


lexentry: eng/isotropy__Noun__1
written_rep: isotropy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изотропи́я
sense_list:
(geometry, physics) The property of being identical, or having the same physical properties, in all directions.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
written_rep: issue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вы́пуск | изда́ние | пото́мок | пото́мство
sense_list:
The entire set of some item printed and disseminated during a certain period, particularly (publishing) a single printing of a particular edition of a work when contrasted with other print runs.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
written_rep: issue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: вопро́с | пото́мок | пото́мство | пробле́ма | пункт
sense_list:
(law) A point of law or fact in dispute or question in a legal action presented for resolution by the court.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
written_rep: issue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: вопро́с | пробле́ма | пункт | те́ма
sense_list:
(US, originally, _, psychology, usually, in the plural) A psychological or emotional difficulty, (now, _, informal, figurative, _, and, _) any problem or concern considered as a vague and intractable difficulty.


lexentry: eng/isthmus__Noun__1
written_rep: isthmus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: переше́ек | перешеек
sense_list:
(landforms) A narrow strip of land, bordered on both sides by water, and connecting two larger landmasses.


lexentry: eng/isthmus__Noun__1
written_rep: isthmus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ребро́
sense_list:
(graph theory) An edge in a graph whose deletion increases the number of connected components of the graph.


lexentry: eng/it's_a_small_world__Phrase__1
written_rep: it's a small world
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мир те́сен
sense_list:
Used to express surprise at meeting an acquaintance or discovering a personal connection in a distant place or an unexpected context.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: он | она́ | оно́ | э́то
sense_list:
The third-person singular neuter personal pronoun used to refer to an inanimate object, abstract entity, or non-human living thing.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: э́то | оно
sense_list:
The impersonal pronoun, used without referent as the subject of an impersonal verb or statement (known as the dummy pronoun, dummy it or weather it).


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: оно | это
sense_list:
The impersonal pronoun, used without referent, or with unstated but contextually implied referent, in various short idioms or expressions.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: её | е́ю | его́ | ей | ему́ | им
sense_list:
The impersonal pronoun, used as a placeholder for a delayed subject, or less commonly, object; known as the dummy pronoun (according to some definitions), anticipatory it or, more formally in linguistics, a syntactic expletive. The delayed subject is commonly a to-infinitive, a gerund, or a noun clause introduced by a subordinating conjunction.


lexentry: eng/it_ain't_over_'til_the_fat_lady_sings__Proverb__1
written_rep: it ain't over 'til the fat lady sings
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
There are more developments yet to come; one should not presume to know the outcome of an event which is still in progress.

trans_list:
делить шкуру неубитого медведя | ещё не ве́чер | не говори́ «гоп», пока́ не перепры́гнешь | цыпля́т по о́сени счита́ют


lexentry: eng/it_figures__Phrase__1
written_rep: it figures
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: логи́чно | немудрено́ | неудиви́тельно
sense_list:
(idiomatic, North America) Used to indicate that a preceding event or statement by another is an unsurprising accompaniment of known facts and circumstances.


part_of_speech: proverb
sense_list: (Christianity, Biblical) It is unlikely that the wealthy will go to heaven.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ле́гче верблю́ду пройти́ сквозь иго́льное ушко́, чем богачу́ войти́ в ца́рствие небе́сное
lexentry:
eng/it_is_easier_for_a_camel_to_go_through_the_eye_of_a_needle_than_for_a_rich_man_to_enter_into_the_kingdom_of_God__Proverb__1

written_rep:
it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God


lexentry: eng/it_takes_all_kinds_to_make_a_world__Proverb__1
written_rep: it takes all kinds to make a world
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мир, что огород: в нём всё растёт
sense_list:
(idiom) Diversity is essential: the world would be incomplete if everyone were alike; an expression of surprise at a person or people's eccentricity.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_one_to_know_one__Proverb__1
written_rep: it takes one to know one
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каждый судит по себе
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Expressing the same underlying character-judgment themes as pot calling the kettle black or set a thief to catch a thief.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_two_to_tango__Proverb__1
written_rep: it takes two to tango
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: для та́нго нужны́ дво́е
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Some things need the active cooperation of two parties; blame is to be laid on both parties in a conflict.


lexentry: eng/italic__Adjective__1
written_rep: italic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: курси́вный
sense_list:
(typography, of a typeface or font) Designed to resemble a handwriting style developed in Italy in the 16th century.


lexentry: eng/itch__Noun__1
written_rep: itch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зуд | зуде́ние | свербе́ние | свербёж
sense_list:
A sensation felt on an area of the skin that causes a person or animal to want to scratch said area.


lexentry: eng/itch__Verb__1
written_rep: itch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: горе́ть жела́нием | жа́ждать | рва́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To have a constant, teasing urge; to feel strongly motivated; to want or desire something.


lexentry: eng/itchy_trigger_finger__Noun__1
written_rep: itchy trigger finger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ру́ки че́шутся
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The metaphorical trigger finger of a person with a tendency or readiness to act in haste or without consideration; a tendency to so act.


lexentry: eng/iterative__Adjective__1
written_rep: iterative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: итерати́вный
sense_list:
Of a procedure that involves repetition of steps (iteration) to achieve the desired outcome; in computing this may involve a mechanism such as a loop.


lexentry: eng/iterative_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: iterative aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: многокра́тный вид
sense_list:
(grammar) A subclass of imperfective verbs that denote a continuously repeated action. An example in English would be the iterative verb sniffle, as opposed to the noniterative sniff.


lexentry: eng/ithyphallic__Adjective__1
written_rep: ithyphallic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: итифалли́ческий
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to an upward pointing, erect penis; (specifically) of an artistic depiction of a deity or other figure: possessing an erect penis.


lexentry: eng/itself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: itself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: -ся | сам [[себя́]] | себя́
sense_list:
(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject | (emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject


lexentry: eng/itself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: itself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: -ся | [[оно́]] [[сам|само́]] | сам [[себя́]] | себя́
sense_list:
(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate


lexentry: eng/ivory__Noun__1
written_rep: ivory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: слоно́вая кость | слоновая кость
sense_list:
(uncountable) The hard white form of dentin which forms the tusks of elephants, walruses and other animals. | Something made from or resembling ivory. | (collective, singular or in plural) The teeth. | (collective, singular or in plural) The keys of a piano; or, the white keys, as opposed to the black keys (ebonies). | (slang, ethnic slur) A white person. | (informal) A die (object bearing numbers, thrown in games of chance).


lexentry: eng/ivory_tower__Noun__1
written_rep: ivory tower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́шня из слоно́вой ко́сти
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A sheltered, overly-academic existence or perspective, implying a disconnection or lack of awareness of reality or practical considerations.


lexentry: eng/jabiru__Noun__1
written_rep: jabiru
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: яби́ру
sense_list:
A species of bird Jabiru mycteria in the monotypic genus Jabiru, of the stork family Ciconiidae, endemic to the Americas.


lexentry: eng/jacana__Noun__1
written_rep: jacana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: яка́на
sense_list:
Any of a group of wading birds in the family Jacanidae, usually having long toes and claws, and found throughout the world.


lexentry: eng/jack-in-the-box__Noun__1
written_rep: jack-in-the-box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрт из табаке́рки | чёртик из коро́бочки
sense_list:
Children’s toy consisting of a small box from which a male figure pops out unexpectedly after some turnings of a crank.


lexentry: eng/jack-o'-lantern__Noun__1
written_rep: jack-o'-lantern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Светильник Джек | фонарь из тыквы
sense_list:
A carved pumpkin whose top and stem have been cut out and interior removed, leaving a hollow shell that is then decorated to represent a face, illuminated from within by a candle. It is a symbol of Halloween.


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
written_rep: jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гнездо́ | мама | разъём
sense_list:
(electronics) A switch for a jack plug, a jackknife switch; (more generally) a socket used to connect a device to a circuit, network etc. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
written_rep: jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: домкра́т | гнездо́ | мама | разъём
sense_list:
A mechanical device used to raise and (temporarily) support a heavy object, now especially to lift one side of a motor vehicle when (e.g.) changing a tyre. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
written_rep: jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гнездо́ | разъём
sense_list:
(games) A small, six-pointed playing piece used in the game of jacks. [from 19th c.] | A non-tool object or thing. | A pike, especially when young. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
written_rep: jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гюйс | иша́к | мама | осёл
sense_list:
(nautical) A small ship's flag used as a signal or identifying device; a small flag flown at the bow of the vessel. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack_mackerel__Noun__1
written_rep: jack mackerel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ставри́да
sense_list:
Any of various edible fish, especially of genus Trachurus, but also genera Caranx, Acanthocybium, and Euthynnus.


lexentry: eng/jack_of_all_trades,_master_of_none__Noun__1
written_rep: jack of all trades, master of none
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A person who has a competent grasp of many skills but who is not outstanding in any one.

trans_list:
автофотовеломототелерадиомонтёр | за всё берётся, да не всё удаётся | подмасте́рье всех ремёсел, ма́стер ни одного́


lexentry: eng/jack_of_all_trades__Noun__1
written_rep: jack of all trades
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автофотовеломототелерадиомонтёр | и швец, и жнец, и на дуде́ игре́ц | ма́стер на все ру́ки
sense_list:
(idiomatic) One competent in many endeavours, sometimes regarded as not excelling in any of them. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jackal__Noun__1
written_rep: jackal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шака́л | шакал
sense_list:
Any of certain wild canids of the genera Lupulella and Canis, native to the tropical Old World and smaller than a wolf.


lexentry: eng/jackalope__Noun__1
written_rep: jackalope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рогатый заяц
sense_list:
(folklore, mythological creature) A folkloric animal, a supposed cross between a jackrabbit and an antelope, goat, or deer, usually portrayed as a rabbit with antlers.


lexentry: eng/jackanapes__Noun__1
written_rep: jackanapes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: шут
sense_list:
(derogatory, dated) (A proper name for) a person thought to behave like an ape or monkey, for example, in being impudent, mischievous, vain, etc.; specifically (chiefly, humorous) , an impudent or mischievous child.


lexentry: eng/jacket__Noun__1
written_rep: jacket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ку́ртка | жаке́т
sense_list:
A piece of clothing worn on the upper body outside a shirt or blouse, often waist length to thigh length.


lexentry: eng/jackhammer__Noun__1
written_rep: jackhammer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отбо́йный молото́к | пневмати́ческий бури́льный молото́к
sense_list:
A portable percussive power tool that combines a hammer and chisel used to drill or break hard matter, for instance rock or concrete.


lexentry: eng/jade__Noun__1
written_rep: jade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жад | жадеи́т | нефри́т
sense_list:
A semiprecious stone, either nephrite or jadeite, generally green or white in color, often used for carving figurines. | A bright shade of slightly bluish or greyish green, typical of polished jade stones. | A succulent plant, Crassula ovata.


lexentry: eng/jadeite__Noun__1
written_rep: jadeite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жадеи́т | жадеит
sense_list:
(mineral) A pyroxene mineral, a sodium aluminium silicate with the chemical formula Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6, found in metamorphic rocks.


lexentry: eng/jaggery__Noun__1
written_rep: jaggery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[па́льмовый]] [[са́хар-сыре́ц]] | са́хар-сыре́ц
sense_list:
A traditional dark-brown unrefined sugar made from palm tree sap which is used throughout South and Southeast Asia; (by extension) other types of unrefined sugar.


