# translation

lexentry: eng/peep__Verb__2
written_rep: peep
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: загля́дывать | подгля́дывать
sense_list:
(intransitive, dated) To begin to appear; to look forth from concealment; to make the first appearance.


lexentry: eng/peephole__Noun__1
written_rep: peephole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глазо́к | смотрова́я щель | смотрово́е отве́рстие
sense_list:
A small hole, opening, or piece of glass, especially in a door, through which one can look without being seen.


lexentry: eng/peeping_tom__Noun__1
written_rep: peeping tom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вуайери́ст | вуайери́стка | вуайёр | подгля́дывающий | согляда́тай
sense_list:
A person who watches another without the other's permission and usually without the other's knowledge, especially for the purpose of deriving sexual pleasure from the sight of the other.


lexentry: eng/peepshow__Noun__1
written_rep: peepshow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пип-шо́у | пипшо́у
sense_list:
An exhibition of pictures or objects viewed through a small hole or magnifying glass. | A titillating or pornographic display viewed through a small slot, generally equipped with a timer to automatically close the slot when payment has expired.


lexentry: eng/peer__Noun__2
written_rep: peer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: дворя́нка | дворяни́н | пэр
sense_list:
A noble with a title, i.e., a peerage, and in times past, with certain rights and privileges not enjoyed by commoners.


lexentry: eng/peer_review__Noun__1
written_rep: peer review
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рецензи́рование
sense_list:
(education) The scholarly process whereby manuscripts intended to be published in an academic journal are reviewed by independent researchers (referees) to evaluate the contribution, i.e. the importance, novelty and accuracy of the manuscript's contents.


lexentry: eng/peignoir__Noun__1
written_rep: peignoir
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пеньюа́р
sense_list:
A long outer garment for women, usually sheer and made of chiffon and often sold with matching nightgown, negligee or underwear.


lexentry: eng/pejoratively__Adverb__1
written_rep: pejoratively
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уничижительно
sense_list:
In a pejorative manner. Insultingly, disparagingly; so as to belittle another or harm their reputation.


lexentry: eng/pellagra__Noun__1
written_rep: pellagra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пелла́гра | пеллагра
sense_list:
(pathology) A disease characterised by skin lesions and mental confusion, primarily caused by a niacin deficiency. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pellet__Noun__1
written_rep: pellet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пога́дка
sense_list:
Compressed byproduct of digestion regurgitated by owls and many other birds of prey, which serves as a waste disposal mechanism for indigestible parts of food, such as fur and bones.


lexentry: eng/peloton__Noun__1
written_rep: peloton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пелото́н
sense_list:
(cycle racing) A group of riders formed during a cycling road race; especially, the main group of riders; the pack.


lexentry: eng/pelt__Noun__1
written_rep: pelt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́жа | шку́ра
sense_list:
The skin of an animal with the hair or wool on; either a raw or undressed hide, or a skin preserved with the hair or wool on it (sometimes worn as a garment with minimal modification).


lexentry: eng/pelt__Verb__2
written_rep: pelt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: забра́сывать | заброса́ть | заки́дывать | закида́ть
sense_list:
To bombard (someone or something) with missiles. | To force (someone or something) to move using blows or the throwing of missiles.


lexentry: eng/pelvic_floor__Noun__1
written_rep: pelvic floor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диафра́гма та́за
sense_list:
(anatomy) A muscular partition, formed by the muscle fibers of the levator ani, the coccygeus, and associated connective tissue, which spans the area underneath the pelvis.


lexentry: eng/pelvis__Noun__1
written_rep: pelvis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: таз
sense_list:
(anatomy) The large compound bone structure at the base of the spine that supports the legs in hominids.


lexentry: eng/pemmican__Noun__1
written_rep: pemmican
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пеммика́н
sense_list:
A food made from meat which has been dried and beaten into a paste, mixed with berries and rendered fat, and shaped into little patties. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pen__Noun__2
written_rep: pen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: автору́чка | перо́ | ру́чка | ша́риковая ру́чка
sense_list:
A tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks.


lexentry: eng/pen__Noun__2
written_rep: pen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: перо́
sense_list:
(figurative) A writer, or their style. | (now, rare, poetic, dialectal) A feather, especially one of the flight feathers of a bird, angel etc.


lexentry: eng/penal_colony__Noun__1
written_rep: penal colony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[исправительный|исправи́тельная]] [[коло́ния]] | [[штрафной|штрафна́я]] [[коло́ния]]
sense_list:
A colonial territory used (mainly) for the detention and forced labor of deportees, typically where free labor is desperately scarce.


lexentry: eng/penalty__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: штраф | [[штрафно́й]] [[бросо́к]] | булли́т
sense_list:
(ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.


lexentry: eng/penalty_area__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty area
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: штрафна́я | штрафна́я пло́щадь
sense_list:
(football, futsal) An area of a pitch or field, inside which a penalty is given to the offensive team if a foul is made by the defensive team.


lexentry: eng/penalty_box__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скаме́йка для оштрафованных игроков | скаме́йка для плохих парней | скаме́йка штрафников
sense_list:
(ice hockey) An enclosed bench where a player must remain for timed period (a penalty) that is assessed after an infraction.


lexentry: eng/penalty_kick__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty kick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[одиннадцатиметро́вый]] [[уда́р]] | одиннадцатиметро́вка | пена́льти
sense_list:
(soccer) A form of direct free kick, taken from the penalty spot after a defensive foul in the penalty box, with only the goalkeeper defending the goal.


lexentry: eng/penalty_kick__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty kick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: штрафно́й уда́р
sense_list:
(rugby) A form of free kick in which the ball may be kicked towards touch, towards the goal or dribbled.


lexentry: eng/penalty_shootout__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty shootout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: се́рия послематчевых пена́льти
sense_list:
(football, field hockey) A series of penalties (penalty kicks in soccer), taken to decide a winner after a game has resulted in a tie and extra time has been played.


lexentry: eng/penalty_shot__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty shot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: одиннадцатиметровый удар
sense_list:
(ice hockey) A penalty awarded when a team loses a clear scoring opportunity on a breakaway because of a foul committed by an opposing player. A player from the non-offending team is given an attempt to score a goal without opposition from any defending players except the goaltender.


lexentry: eng/penance__Noun__1
written_rep: penance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: искупле́ние
sense_list:
A voluntary self-imposed punishment for a sinful act or wrongdoing. It may be intended to serve as reparation for the act.


lexentry: eng/pencil__Noun__1
written_rep: pencil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: карандаш | каранда́ш
sense_list:
A writing utensil with a graphite (commonly referred to as lead) shaft, usually blended with clay, clad in wood, and sharpened to a taper. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pencil_lead__Noun__1
written_rep: pencil lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: графи́т | гри́фель
sense_list:
The material (usually black or dark gray) which allows a pencil to work. Usually a mixture of graphite and smaller amounts of other material, but not actual lead.


lexentry: eng/pencil_pusher__Noun__1
written_rep: pencil pusher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: канцеля́рская кры́са | черни́льная душа́
sense_list:
(informal, often, derogatory) One who does routine office work; someone involved mainly in paperwork.


lexentry: eng/pendant__Noun__1
written_rep: pendant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: брело́к | куло́н | подве́ска
sense_list:
A piece of jewellery which hangs down as an ornament, especially worn on a chain around the neck. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pendeloque__Noun__1
written_rep: pendeloque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подве́ска
sense_list:
(also, attributive) A drop-shaped diamond or other gem used as a pendant; also, a piece of jewellery in pendant form. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pendentive__Noun__1
written_rep: pendentive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: парус
sense_list:
(architecture) The concave triangular sections of vaulting that provide the transition between a dome and the square base on which it is set and transfer the weight of the dome.


lexentry: eng/penduline_tit__Noun__1
written_rep: penduline tit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ремезовые
sense_list:
Any of the family of small passerine birds Remizidae, which nearly all make nests which hang from trees; found in Eurasia, Africa, and North America.


lexentry: eng/pendulum__Noun__1
written_rep: pendulum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ма́ятник | маятник
sense_list:
(clocks, mechanics) A body suspended from a fixed support so that it swings freely back and forth under the influence of gravity, commonly used to regulate various devices such as clocks.


lexentry: eng/penguin__Noun__1
written_rep: penguin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пингвин | пингви́н
sense_list:
Any of several flightless sea birds, of the family Spheniscidae within the order Sphenisciformes, found in the Southern Hemisphere, marked by their usual upright stance, walking on short legs, and (generally) their stark black and white plumage. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/penicillin__Noun__1
written_rep: penicillin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пеницилли́н | пенициллин
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any of a group of narrow-spectrum antibiotics obtained from Penicillium molds or synthesized, that have a beta-lactam structure and are active against gram-positive bacteria and used in the treatment of various infections and diseases.


lexentry: eng/penitente__Noun__1
written_rep: penitente
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кальгаспор
sense_list:
A tall thin blade of hardened snow or ice, found closely spaced in large quantities at high altitudes.


lexentry: eng/penitentiary__Noun__1
written_rep: penitentiary
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (chiefly, US) A state or federal prison for convicted felons; (broadly) a prison.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[исправи́тельный]] дом | [[исправительный|исправи́тельная]] [[коло́ния]] | пенитенциа́рий | тюрьма́


lexentry: eng/penny__Noun__1
written_rep: penny
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́нни | пенс
sense_list:
(historical) In the United Kingdom and Ireland and many other countries, a unit of currency worth 1⁄240 of a pound sterling or Irish pound before decimalisation, or a copper coin worth this amount. Abbreviation: d.


lexentry: eng/pennyroyal__Noun__1
written_rep: pennyroyal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мя́та бло́шница | мя́та боло́тная
sense_list:
Mentha pulegium, a plant of the mint family, formerly much used in various medicinal treatments and as a flea repellent.


lexentry: eng/pennywhistle__Noun__1
written_rep: pennywhistle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свисту́лька
sense_list:
(music) A six-holed flute-like instrument with a fipple. They have approximately a two octave range (sometimes a little higher). Stereotypically, they are made out of tin, but in reality they come in all sorts of varieties, including tin, brass, nickel, cane, polymer, etc.


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__1
written_rep: pension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́нсия | посо́бие | пенсия
sense_list:
(finance) An annuity paid regularly as benefit due to a retired employee, serviceman etc. in consideration of past services, originally and chiefly by a government but also by various private pension schemes. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__1
written_rep: pension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: посо́бие
sense_list:
(now, _, historical) A regular allowance paid to support a royal favourite, or as patronage of an artist or scholar. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__2
written_rep: pension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пансиона́т | пансио́н
sense_list:
A boarding house or small hotel, especially in continental Europe, which typically offers lodging and certain meals and services. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pension_fund__Noun__1
written_rep: pension fund
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пенсио́нный фонд
sense_list:
A pool of assets forming an independent legal entity that are bought with the contributions to a pension plan for the exclusive purpose of financing pension plan benefits.


lexentry: eng/pentagram__Noun__1
written_rep: pentagram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пентагра́мма | пентаграмма
sense_list:
The shape of a five-pointed star constructed of five intersecting lines meeting at the vertices, such that a central pentagon and five surrounding isosceles triangles are formed; often with magical connotations; a 5/2 (or 5/3) star polygon.


lexentry: eng/pentakis_dodecahedron__Noun__1
written_rep: pentakis dodecahedron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пентакисдодекаэдр
sense_list:
(mathematics) A Catalan solid equivalent to a dodecahedron with a pentagonal pyramid covering each face


lexentry: eng/pentalogy__Noun__1
written_rep: pentalogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пентало́гия | пенталогия
sense_list:
A set of five works of art that are connected, and that can be seen either as a single work or as five individual works.


lexentry: eng/pentane__Noun__1
written_rep: pentane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пента́н
sense_list:
(organic compound) An aliphatic hydrocarbon of chemical formula C5H12; either of the three isomers n-pentane, methyl-butane (isopentane), and di-methyl-propane (neopentane); volatile liquids under normal conditions.


lexentry: eng/pentathlon__Noun__1
written_rep: pentathlon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пятибо́рье
sense_list:
An ancient athletics discipline, featuring five events: stadion, wrestling, long jump, javelin and discus | (athletics) Ellipsis of women's pentathlon (“a 20th-century athletics discipline for women, the women's counterpart of the men's decathlon, the predecessor to the women's heptathlon, featuring five events: hurdles, shot put, high jump, long jump, and a run”). | (athletics) Ellipsis of modern pentathlon, a discipline with five events based on late-19th century basic military skills.


lexentry: eng/penthouse__Noun__1
written_rep: penthouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[наве́с]] (над дверями) | [[пристро́йка]] (с односкатной крышей) | тент | фли́гель
sense_list:
(now, historical) A structure or annexe (especially one with a sloping roof) extending from the side of a building, sometimes as protection from the weather. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/penthouse__Noun__1
written_rep: penthouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: надстро́йка | пентха́ус
sense_list:
An apartment or suite found on an upper floor, or floors, of a tall building, especially one that is expensive or luxurious with panoramic views. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pentice__Noun__1
written_rep: pentice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: навес
sense_list:
An extension of a building's roof and the protected area beneath. | (mining) An unexcavated portion of a shaftway, intended to afford protection from falling debris to workers at the bottom of the shaft during certain stages of mining.


lexentry: eng/pentode__Noun__1
written_rep: pentode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пентод
sense_list:
A thermionic valve similar to a tetrode with the addition of a third grid, the suppressor grid to reduce the secondary emission effect; was/is used in high quality audio and radio products.


lexentry: eng/penultimate__Adjective__1
written_rep: penultimate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предпосле́дний | предпоследний
sense_list:
(UK, in, _, US, _, usually, formal) Next to last, second to last; immediately preceding the end of a sequence, list, etc.


lexentry: eng/people's__Adjective__1
written_rep: people's
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: наро́дный
sense_list:
In certain socialist states: of, from, or controlled (at least in name) by the common people rather than a ruling elite.


lexentry: eng/people's_house__Noun__1
written_rep: people's house
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наро́дный дом
sense_list:
(historical) A leisure and cultural centre built with the intention of making art and cultural appreciation available to the working classes.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
written_rep: people
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: наро́д | на́ция | народ
sense_list:
(countable, collective) Persons forming or belonging to a particular group, such as a nation, class, ethnic group, country, family, etc.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
written_rep: people
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: лю́ди | люди
sense_list:
A group of persons regarded as being servants, followers, companions or subjects of a ruler or leader.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
written_rep: people
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: наро́д | люд | народ
sense_list:
The mass of a community as distinguished from a special class (elite); the commonalty; the populace; the vulgar; the common crowd; the citizens.


lexentry: eng/pepino_melon__Noun__1
written_rep: pepino melon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ды́нная гру́ша | пепи́но
sense_list:
A South American plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for its melon-like fruit, Solanum muricatum.


lexentry: eng/pepo__Noun__1
written_rep: pepo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ты́ква
sense_list:
A fruit of plants of the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, possessing a hard rind and producing many seeds in a single, central, pulpy chamber. | A plant producing such a fruit.


lexentry: eng/pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пе́рец | болга́рский пе́рец
sense_list:
(UK, US, Ireland, and, Canada) A fruit of the capsicum plant: red, green, yellow or white, hollow and containing seeds, and in a wide range of mild (sweet, nonspicy) to hot (spicy) varieties.


lexentry: eng/pepper_mill__Noun__1
written_rep: pepper mill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перцемо́лка
sense_list:
A small handheld grinder containing a supply of peppercorns for grinding fresh at the table or in the kitchen.


lexentry: eng/pepper_shaker__Noun__1
written_rep: pepper shaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́речница
sense_list:
A small container designed to hold pepper and facilitate sprinkling it on food for seasoning purposes.


lexentry: eng/pepper_tree__Noun__1
written_rep: pepper tree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ши́нус
sense_list:
Any of the South American trees in the genus Schinus, which have small fruits that have been used as a substitute for black pepper.


lexentry: eng/peppermint__Noun__1
written_rep: peppermint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мя́та | пе́речная мя́та
sense_list:
A hybrid herb of the mint family (Mentha × piperita), formed by crossing watermint and spearmint, which has a high menthol content and a sharp flavor and is used in cooking, especially in herb teas and in confections. [from 17th c.] | (countable) Any of various sweets containing extract of the peppermint herb; peppermint confectionery. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/peppermint_oil__Noun__1
written_rep: peppermint oil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: масло мяты перечной
sense_list:
oil derived from the leaves of the peppermint plant Mentha × piperita, which is used for a number of purposes.


lexentry: eng/pepperwort__Noun__1
written_rep: pepperwort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клопо́вник
sense_list:
Any of several species of perennial plant in the genus Lepidium (originally specifically dittander, species Lepidium latifolium), which is a member of the mustard and cabbage family. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pepsin__Noun__1
written_rep: pepsin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пепси́н | пепсин
sense_list:
(enzyme) A digestive enzyme that chemically digests, or breaks down, proteins into shorter chains of amino acids.


lexentry: eng/peptide__Noun__1
written_rep: peptide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пепти́д
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of a class of organic compounds consisting of various numbers of amino acids in which the amine of one is reacted with the carboxylic acid of the next to form an amide bond.


lexentry: eng/per_fess__Adverb__1
written_rep: per fess
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: купе
sense_list:
(heraldry) (Partitioned) horizontally; (especially) partitioned horizontally into two halves (formally party per fess).


lexentry: eng/per_pale__Adverb__1
written_rep: per pale
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: партия
sense_list:
(heraldry) (Partitioned) vertically; (especially) partitioned vertically into two halves (formally party per pale).


lexentry: eng/percale__Noun__1
written_rep: percale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перка́ль | перкаль
sense_list:
(textiles) A fine, closely woven fabric, made from cotton, polyester or a mix of these, and used for sheets and clothing.


lexentry: eng/percent__Noun__1
written_rep: percent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проце́нт | процент
sense_list:
A percentage, a proportion (especially per hundred). | One part per hundred; one percent, hundredth. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/percentile__Noun__1
written_rep: percentile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перцентиль | процентиль | центиль
sense_list:
(statistics) Any of the ninety-nine points that divide an ordered distribution into one hundred parts, each containing one per cent of the population.


lexentry: eng/perchloric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: perchloric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хло́рная кислота́
sense_list:
A clear colourless liquid; a strong acid and a violent, sometimes explosive, oxidizing agent | (chemistry) HClO4, the oxyacid of chlorine in which chlorine has the highest oxidation number


lexentry: eng/percontation__Noun__1
written_rep: percontation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: анкета
sense_list:
(formal, rare, or, obsolete) A question which cannot properly be given a one-word answer like “yes” or “no”. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/percussion__Noun__1
written_rep: percussion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: уда́рный инструме́нт
sense_list:
(music) The section of an orchestra or band containing percussion instruments; such instruments considered as a group; in bands, may be separate from drum kits.


lexentry: eng/percussion_cap__Noun__1
written_rep: percussion cap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́псюль | писто́н
sense_list:
a metal cap found on muzzleloading firearms that contains chemical substances such as fulminate that explode upon impact


lexentry: eng/percussion_instrument__Noun__1
written_rep: percussion instrument
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уда́рный инструме́нт
sense_list:
(musical instruments) An instrument in which the sound is produced by striking, scraping or shaking an object.


lexentry: eng/percussionist__Noun__1
written_rep: percussionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уда́рник | уда́рница
sense_list:
A trained musician who plays percussion instruments, as opposed to a drummer who lacks formal training.


lexentry: eng/peregrinate__Verb__1
written_rep: peregrinate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: путеше́ствовать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To travel from place to place, or from one country to another, especially on foot; hence, to sojourn in foreign countries.


lexentry: eng/peremptory__Adjective__1
written_rep: peremptory
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: догмати́ческий
sense_list:
Positive in opinion or judgment; absolutely certain, overconfident, unwilling to hear any debate or argument (especially in a pejorative sense); dogmatic.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Adjective__1
written_rep: perennial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ве́чный | постоя́нный
sense_list:
Continuing without cessation or intermission for several years, or for an undetermined or infinite period; neverending or never failing; perpetual, unceasing.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Adjective__1
written_rep: perennial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: многоле́тний
sense_list:
(botany) Of a plant: active throughout the year, or having a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Noun__1
written_rep: perennial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: многолетнее [[расте́ние]]
sense_list:
(botany) A plant that is active throughout the year, or has a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.


lexentry: eng/perestroika__Noun__1
written_rep: perestroika
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перестро́йка | перестройка
sense_list:
(historical, uncountable) A program of political and economic reform carried out in the Soviet Union in the 1980s and early 1990s under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev.


lexentry: eng/perfect_fifth__Noun__1
written_rep: perfect fifth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чи́стая кви́нта
sense_list:
(music) An interval equal to that of between the second and third harmonics of the harmonic series. In twelve-tone equal temperament, it spans seven semitones or five degrees of the diatonic scale.


lexentry: eng/perfect_pitch__Noun__1
written_rep: perfect pitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: абсолю́тный слух
sense_list:
(music, uncountable) The ability to identify a note by name on hearing it, or to re-create a specified note from memory, without the benefit of an externally provided reference pitch.


lexentry: eng/perfect_tense__Noun__1
written_rep: perfect tense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перфе́кт | соверше́нное вре́мя
sense_list:
A verb form indicating that an action or state has been completed at the present time, in the past, or shall be completed in the future.


lexentry: eng/perfection__Noun__1
written_rep: perfection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соверше́нство | совершенство
sense_list:
The quality or state of being perfect or complete, so that nothing substandard remains; the highest attainable state or degree of excellence.


lexentry: eng/perfectionist__Noun__1
written_rep: perfectionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перфекциони́ст | перфекциони́стка
sense_list:
Someone who is unwilling to settle for anything that is not perfect or does not meet extremely high standards. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/perfective_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: perfective aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соверше́нный вид
sense_list:
(grammar) A feature of the verb which denotes viewing the event the verb describes as a completed whole, rather than from within the event as it unfolds. For example, "she sat down" as opposed to "she was sitting down". Since the focus is on the completion of what is expressed by the verb, this aspect is generally associated with the past and future tenses. This term is often used interchangeably with aorist aspect. This is not to be confused with the perfect tense.


lexentry: eng/perfidious__Adjective__1
written_rep: perfidious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вероло́мный | кова́рный | преда́тельский
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or representing perfidy; disloyal to what should command one's fidelity or allegiance. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/perfidy__Noun__1
written_rep: perfidy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вероло́мство
sense_list:
(international law, in warfare) An illegitimate act of deception, such as using symbols like the Red Cross or white flag in a false claim of surrender to gain proximity to an enemy for purposes of attack.


lexentry: eng/perform__Verb__1
written_rep: perform
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: выступа́ть | вы́ступить | вы́полнить | выполня́ть | игра́ть | испо́лнить
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To do (something) in front of an audience, such as acting or music, often in order to entertain.


lexentry: eng/performance__Noun__1
written_rep: performance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: выполне́ние | исполне́ние
sense_list:
The act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action.


lexentry: eng/performance__Noun__1
written_rep: performance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: де́йствие | посту́пок
sense_list:
That which is performed or accomplished; a thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat; especially, an action of an elaborate or public character.


lexentry: eng/performance_art__Noun__1
written_rep: performance art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перфо́манс | перфо́рманс
sense_list:
(arts) A form of art in which the artist creates a live performance, often using a variety of media.


lexentry: eng/performance_bond__Noun__1
written_rep: performance bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гара́нтия исполне́ния обяза́тельств
sense_list:
(legal) A contractor's bond, guaranteeing that the contractor will perform the contract and providing that, in the event of default, the surety may complete the contract or pay damages up to the bond limit.


lexentry: eng/perfume__Noun__1
written_rep: perfume
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арома́т | благоуха́ние | духи́ | парфю́м
sense_list:
A pleasant smell; the scent, odor, or odoriferous particles emitted from a sweet-smelling substance; a pleasant odor.


lexentry: eng/pergola__Noun__1
written_rep: pergola
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бесе́дка | наве́с | пе́ргола
sense_list:
A framework in the form of a passageway of columns that supports a trelliswork roof; used to support and train climbing plants. | Such a framework employed to provide shade, especially over a patio.


lexentry: eng/peridotite__Noun__1
written_rep: peridotite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перидотит
sense_list:
(geology) A rock consisting of small crystals of olivine, pyroxene and hornblende; the major constituent of the Earth's mantle.


lexentry: eng/perigee__Noun__1
written_rep: perigee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: периге́й
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is closest to the Earth: the periapsis of an Earth orbiter.


lexentry: eng/perihelion__Noun__1
written_rep: perihelion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: периге́лий | перигелий
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, etc., where it is nearest to the Sun.


lexentry: eng/perilla__Noun__1
written_rep: perilla
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пери́лла | судза́
sense_list:
An East Asian herb with flavorful leaves used in cooking and as a garnish, Perilla frutescens. Also grown for the seeds, which contain an edible and industrially-useful oil.


lexentry: eng/perimenopause__Noun__1
written_rep: perimenopause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перименопауза
sense_list:
The physiological stage that women approaching menopause go through when, due to hormonal changes, they progress from their usual pattern of menstruation through a phase of atypical menstruation, and finally cease menstruating. Perimenopause ends when a woman has not menstruated for a year.


lexentry: eng/perimeter__Noun__1
written_rep: perimeter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пери́метр | периметр
sense_list:
(mathematics) The sum of the distance of all the lengths of the sides of an object. | (mathematics) The length of such a boundary.


lexentry: eng/period__Interjection__1
written_rep: period
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и то́чка
sense_list:
(chiefly, North America) That's final; that's the end of the matter (analogous to a period ending a sentence); end of story.


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
written_rep: period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: то́чка
sense_list:
(now, chiefly, North America, Philippines) The punctuation mark “.” (indicating the ending of a sentence or marking an abbreviation).


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
written_rep: period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: пери́од | цикл | промежу́ток
sense_list:
The length of time during which the same characteristics of a periodic phenomenon recur, such as the repetition of a wave or the rotation of a planet. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
written_rep: period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 16
trans_list: пери́од | уро́к
sense_list:
(geology) A geochronologic unit of millions to tens of millions of years; a subdivision of an era, and subdivided into epochs.


lexentry: eng/periodic_table__Noun__1
written_rep: periodic table
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(chemistry) A tabular chart of the chemical elements according to their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same group (column).

trans_list:
периоди́ческая систе́ма | периоди́ческая систе́ма элеме́нтов | периоди́ческая табли́ца | табли́ца Менделе́ева


lexentry: eng/periodical__Noun__1
written_rep: periodical
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: журна́л | перио́дика | периоди́ческое изда́ние
sense_list:
A regularly issued thematic publication that contains the most current information in its field, often the primary means for communication of original scholarship or creative work at the cutting edge of research in its field.


lexentry: eng/periodontitis__Noun__1
written_rep: periodontitis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пародонтоз
sense_list:
(dentistry, periodontology) A serious form or stage of periodontal disease which may lead to loss of bone and falling out of teeth.


lexentry: eng/peripheral_device__Noun__1
written_rep: peripheral device
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перифери́йное устро́йство
sense_list:
(computer hardware) An electronic device that is outside the computer's system unit (external to the computer's enclosing case), but used by the computer to which it is connected, such as a printer or a scanner.


lexentry: eng/periphrasis__Noun__1
written_rep: periphrasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перифра́з | перифра́за
sense_list:
The use of a longer expression instead of a shorter one with a similar meaning, for example "I am going to" instead of "I will".


lexentry: eng/periscope__Noun__1
written_rep: periscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: периско́п | перископ
sense_list:
A form of viewing device that allows the viewer to see things at a different height level and usually with minimal visibility.


lexentry: eng/peristalsis__Noun__1
written_rep: peristalsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: периста́льтика
sense_list:
(medicine) The rhythmic, wave-like contraction and relaxation of muscles so as to propagate motion, as of food in the digestive tract.


lexentry: eng/peristyle__Noun__1
written_rep: peristyle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перисти́ль
sense_list:
A colonnade surrounding a courtyard, temple, etc., or the yard enclosed by such columns. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peritoneal_dialysis__Noun__1
written_rep: peritoneal dialysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перитонеа́льный диа́лиз
sense_list:
(medicine) A treatment for patients with severe chronic kidney disease in which fluids are exchanged from the blood in the patient's peritoneum in the abdomen.


lexentry: eng/peritoneum__Noun__1
written_rep: peritoneum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: брюши́на | брюшина
sense_list:
(anatomy) In mammals, the serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and that is folded over the viscera.


lexentry: eng/peritonitis__Noun__1
written_rep: peritonitis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перитони́т
sense_list:
(pathology) Inflammation of the peritoneum, especially when caused by an infectious organism introduced into the abdominal cavity.


lexentry: eng/permaculture__Noun__1
written_rep: permaculture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пермакультура
sense_list:
(agriculture) Any system of sustainable agriculture that renews natural resources and enriches local ecosystems. [from 1978]


lexentry: eng/permanent__Noun__1
written_rep: permanent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зави́вка | пермане́нт
sense_list:
A chemical hair treatment imparting or removing curliness, whose effects typically last for a period of weeks; a perm.


lexentry: eng/permanent_residency__Noun__1
written_rep: permanent residency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вид на жи́тельство
sense_list:
A visa status which allows a person to reside indefinitely in a foreign country without acquiring citizenship in that country


lexentry: eng/permanent_resident__Noun__1
written_rep: permanent resident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[постоя́нный]] [[жи́тель]] | [[постоянный|постоя́нная]] [[жи́тельница]]
sense_list:
A person with permanent residency, a visa status which allows that person to reside indefinitely in a foreign country without acquiring citizenship in that country.


lexentry: eng/permeability__Noun__1
written_rep: permeability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проницаемость
sense_list:
The property of being permeable. | (physics) A quantitative measure of the degree of magnetization of a material in the presence of an applied magnetic field (measured in newtons per ampere squared in SI units).


lexentry: eng/permeable__Adjective__1
written_rep: permeable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: проницаемый | пропускающий | дышащий
sense_list:
(by extension) Allowing the passage of persons, information, or other things, especially when such passage occurs despite hopes or expectations otherwise.


lexentry: eng/permeate__Verb__1
written_rep: permeate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прони́зывать | проника́ть | пропи́тывать | проса́чиваться
sense_list:
(transitive) To pass through the pores or interstices of; to penetrate and pass through without causing rupture or displacement; applied especially to fluids which pass through substances of loose texture


lexentry: eng/permutation__Noun__1
written_rep: permutation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пермута́ция
sense_list:
(mathematics) A one-to-one mapping from a finite set to itself. | (music) A transformation of a set's prime form, by applying one or more of certain operations, specifically, transposition, inversion, and retrograde.


lexentry: eng/pernoctation__Noun__1
written_rep: pernoctation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ночное бде́ние
sense_list:
(countable, religion, chiefly, Christianity, obsolete) A religious watch kept during normal sleeping hours, during which prayers or other ceremonies are performed; a vigil.


lexentry: eng/perorate__Verb__1
written_rep: perorate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ора́торствовать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To speak or declaim at great length, especially in a pompous or grandiloquent manner; to harangue.


lexentry: eng/peroration__Noun__1
written_rep: peroration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: резюме
sense_list:
The concluding section of a discourse, either written or oral, in which the orator or writer sums up and commends his topic to his audience, particularly as used in the technical sense of a component of ancient Roman oratorical delivery.


lexentry: eng/peroxide__Noun__1
written_rep: peroxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́рекись | перокси́д
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) A divalent radical or anion containing two oxygen atoms linked by a covalent bond; any substance containing this group yields hydrogen peroxide when treated with an acid.


lexentry: eng/perpetual_motion_machine__Noun__1
written_rep: perpetual motion machine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вечный двигатель
sense_list:
(physics, pseudoscience) A hypothetical, pseudoscientific device that exhibits perpetual motion, especially one that does useful work with no input of energy.


lexentry: eng/perpetuate__Verb__1
written_rep: perpetuate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: увекове́чивать | увекове́чить
sense_list:
(transitive) To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion.


lexentry: eng/persecute__Verb__1
written_rep: persecute
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[подверга́ть]] [[гонение|гоне́ниям]] | пресле́довать
sense_list:
To pursue in a manner to do harm or cruelty to; especially, because of the victim's race, sexual identity, or adherence to a particular belief.


lexentry: eng/persevere__Verb__1
written_rep: persevere
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: добива́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To persist steadfastly in pursuit of an undertaking, task, journey, or goal, even if hindered by distraction, difficulty, obstacles, or discouragement.


lexentry: eng/persimmon__Noun__1
written_rep: persimmon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хурма́
sense_list:
The tree this fruit grows on, generally one of two species of ebony: Diospyros kaki (Asian) or Diospyros virginiana (North American).


lexentry: eng/persistent__Adjective__1
written_rep: persistent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: постоя́нный
sense_list:
(computing) Of data or a data structure: not transient or temporary, but remaining in existence after the termination of the program that creates it.


lexentry: eng/person-to-person__Adjective__1
written_rep: person-to-person
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лицо
sense_list:
(of a telephone call) Such that the caller is only connected and charged if the person he specified is available to speak.


lexentry: eng/person__Noun__1
written_rep: person
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: геро́й | герои́ня | де́йствующее лицо́ | персона́ж
sense_list:
A character or part, as in a play; a specific kind or manifestation of individual character, whether in real life, or in literary or dramatic representation; an assumed character.


lexentry: eng/person__Noun__1
written_rep: person
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: челове́к | человек | лицо
sense_list:
(in a compound noun or noun phrase) A human of unspecified gender (in terms usually constructed with man or woman).


lexentry: eng/person__Noun__1
written_rep: person
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: лицо́ | лицо | человек
sense_list:
(grammar) A linguistic category used to distinguish between the speaker of an utterance and those to whom or about whom they are speaking. See grammatical person. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/personal__Adjective__1
written_rep: personal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ли́чный | персона́льный | личный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals


lexentry: eng/personal_effect__Noun__1
written_rep: personal effect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: личная вещь
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) An item of personal property that one carries on one's person, including identification, jewelry, and clothing.


lexentry: eng/personal_hygiene__Noun__1
written_rep: personal hygiene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ли́чная гигие́на
sense_list:
(health sciences) The hygienic measures concerning a person's bodily condition, notably external cleanliness.


lexentry: eng/personal_lubricant__Noun__1
written_rep: personal lubricant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лубрика́нт
sense_list:
Any lubricant used during human sexual activity to reduce friction between body parts, or between body parts and other objects.


lexentry: eng/personal_pronoun__Noun__1
written_rep: personal pronoun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ли́чное местоиме́ние | личное местоимение
sense_list:
A pronoun which, in English, refers to one or a combination of the following: | Another person or group of people. (third person) | Any pronoun, with an antecedent, standing in as the subject or object of a verb.


lexentry: eng/personal_space__Noun__1
written_rep: personal space
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диста́нция | личное простра́нство
sense_list:
The physical space closely surrounding a person, which can lead to discomfort, anger or anxiety if encroached on.


lexentry: eng/personality__Noun__1
written_rep: personality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ли́чность | индивидуа́льность
sense_list:
(of people) A set of non-physical psychological and social qualities that make one person distinct from another.


lexentry: eng/personality_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: personality disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ли́чностное расстро́йство | расстро́йство ли́чности
sense_list:
(psychiatry) Any of a class of mental disorders characterized by ongoing rigid patterns of thought and action.


lexentry: eng/personify__Verb__1
written_rep: personify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: воплоща́ть | олицетворя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To create a representation of (an abstract quality) in the form of a character or persona.


lexentry: eng/personnel__Noun__1
written_rep: personnel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ли́чный соста́в | персона́л
sense_list:
Collection of people in an organization, such as employees and office staff, members of the military, etc. | (non-standard, countable, plural personnel) A member of an organization such as an army.


lexentry: eng/perspective__Noun__1
written_rep: perspective
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: перспекти́ва
sense_list:
The appearance of depth in objects, especially as perceived using binocular vision. | (figuratively) The choice of a single angle or point of view from which to sense, categorize, measure or codify experience.


lexentry: eng/perspicacity__Noun__1
written_rep: perspicacity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проница́тельность
sense_list:
Acute discernment or understanding; insight. | The human faculty or power to mentally grasp or understand clearly.


lexentry: eng/persuade__Verb__1
written_rep: persuade
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: убеди́ть | убежда́ть | угова́ривать | уговори́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, now, rare, regional) To urge, plead; to try to convince (someone to do something). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/persuasion__Noun__1
written_rep: persuasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: убежде́ние | уговор
sense_list:
The act of persuading, or trying to do so; the addressing of arguments to someone with the intention of changing their mind or convincing them of a certain point of view, course of action etc. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/persuasion__Noun__1
written_rep: persuasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: убежде́ние
sense_list:
(euphemism) All activity attempting to influence or control others' behavior or profession of beliefs, from convincing to threatening, assault, or battery.


lexentry: eng/persuasiveness__Noun__1
written_rep: persuasiveness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: убеди́тельность
sense_list:
The capability of a person or argument to convince or persuade someone to accept a desired way of thinking.


lexentry: eng/perturbation__Noun__1
written_rep: perturbation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пертурбация
sense_list:
(countable) A small change in a physical system, or more broadly any definable system (such as a biological or economic system)


lexentry: eng/peruke__Noun__1
written_rep: peruke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пари́к
sense_list:
A wig, especially one with long hair on the sides and back, worn mainly by men in the 17th and 18th centuries.


lexentry: eng/pervert__Noun__1
written_rep: pervert
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дегенера́т
sense_list:
(dated) One who has been perverted; one who has turned to error, or adopted a twisted sense of values or morals.


lexentry: eng/pervert__Verb__1
written_rep: pervert
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изврати́ть | извраща́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To turn another way; to divert. | (transitive) To corrupt; to cause to be untrue; corrupted or otherwise impure | to misinterpret designedly.


lexentry: eng/peryton__Noun__1
written_rep: peryton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перито́н
sense_list:
A fictional creature having the head and forelegs of a stag and the wings and hindquarters of a bird. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/peso__Noun__1
written_rep: peso
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́со
sense_list:
(historical) A former unit of currency in Spain and Spain's colonies, worth 8 reales; the Spanish dollar.


lexentry: eng/pessimism__Noun__1
written_rep: pessimism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пессими́зм | пессимизм
sense_list:
A general belief that bad things will happen. | The doctrine that this world is the worst of all possible worlds.


lexentry: eng/pesticide__Noun__1
written_rep: pesticide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пестици́д | пестициды
sense_list:
Anything, especially a synthetic substance but also any substance (e.g. sulfur), or virus, bacterium, or other organism, which kills or suppresses the activities of pests.


lexentry: eng/pesto__Noun__1
written_rep: pesto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́сто
sense_list:
A sauce, especially for pasta, originating from the Genoa region in Italy, made from basil, garlic, pine nuts, olive oil and cheese (usually pecorino).


lexentry: eng/pet_door__Noun__1
written_rep: pet door
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[кошачий|коша́чья]] дверь | [[собачий|соба́чья]] дверь
sense_list:
An opening in a door for pets to come in and out of the house without requiring a human to open the door.


lexentry: eng/pet_shop__Noun__1
written_rep: pet shop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зоомагази́н
sense_list:
A shop that sells animals kept as domestic pets, and products for caring for and feeding them. [from 1927]


lexentry: eng/peta-__Prefix__1
written_rep: peta-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пета-
sense_list:
In the metric system, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 1015 (a short scale quadrillion or long scale billiard). Symbol: P


lexentry: eng/petal__Noun__1
written_rep: petal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лепесто́к | лепесток
sense_list:
(botany) One of the component parts of the corolla of a flower. It applies particularly, but not necessarily only, when the corolla consists of separate parts, that is when the petals are not connately fused. Petals are often brightly colored.


lexentry: eng/petasus__Noun__1
written_rep: petasus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: петас
sense_list:
(historical) A broad-brimmed, low-crowned hat worn by the Ancient Greeks and Romans, especially for travelling, and as often pictured to be worn by Hermes (or Mercury); (later also) the brimless winged cap worn by Hermes in later artistic depictions. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/peter_out__Verb__1
written_rep: peter out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́дохнуться | выдыха́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, originally, US) Synonym of peter (“to diminish to nothing, (originally) to refer to a vein of ore”).


lexentry: eng/petit_mal__Noun__1
written_rep: petit mal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ма́лый эпилепти́ческий припа́док
sense_list:
(neurology) A form of epilepsy where the seizures are characterized as minor, the person becomes vacant or unaware, but not involving spasms and unconsciousness. These seizures are usually brief, lasting up to 30 seconds, and may include twitching. A formal medical term would be absence seizures.


lexentry: eng/petite__Adjective__1
written_rep: petite
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: миниатюрный
sense_list:
(especially of a woman) Fairly short and of slim build. | (clothing) Of small size; intended for small-framed adult women.


lexentry: eng/petition__Noun__1
written_rep: petition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пети́ция | петиция
sense_list:
A formal written request made by an individual or a group of people to a sovereign or political authority, often containing many signatures, soliciting some grace, right, mercy, or the redress of some wrong or grievance. [from early 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/petition__Noun__1
written_rep: petition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: жа́лоба | заявле́ние | пети́ция | проше́ние | хода́тайство
sense_list:
(law, by extension) A formal written application made to a magistrate or court for an order or a suit for divorce. [from 1730s]


lexentry: eng/petrichor__Noun__1
written_rep: petrichor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: петрихо́р
sense_list:
The distinctive scent, caused by geosmin, which accompanies the first rain after a long, warm, dry spell.


lexentry: eng/petrify__Verb__1
written_rep: petrify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[превраща́ть]] в [[ка́мень]]
sense_list:
(transitive) To turn to stone: to harden organic matter by permeating with water and depositing dissolved minerals.


lexentry: eng/petrify__Verb__1
written_rep: petrify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: камене́ть | окамене́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To become stone, or of a stony hardness, as organic matter by calcareous deposits. | (intransitive, figurative) To become stony, callous, or obdurate. | (transitive, figurative) To make callous or obdurate; to stupefy; to paralyze; to transform; as by petrification.


lexentry: eng/petrochemistry__Noun__1
written_rep: petrochemistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нефтехимия
sense_list:
(petrochemistry) The branch of chemistry that deals with petroleum, natural gas and their derivatives.


lexentry: eng/petrodollar__Noun__1
written_rep: petrodollar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нефтедо́ллар
sense_list:
(oil industry, mostly, in the plural, also, attributively) Money (either notionally or specifically in dollars or other currencies) earned from the sale of oil, often especially as considered among a national economy's principal revenue streams.


lexentry: eng/petroleum_ether__Noun__1
written_rep: petroleum ether
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: петроле́йный эфи́р
sense_list:
A volatile petroleum fraction, usually available in a number of fractions boiling between 40°C and 140°C, and used as a solvent in the laboratory and industry.


lexentry: eng/petroleum_jelly__Noun__1
written_rep: petroleum jelly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вазели́н
sense_list:
A pale yellow semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum; used in lubricants and ointments.


lexentry: eng/petticoat__Noun__1
written_rep: petticoat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: комбина́ция | ни́жняя ю́бка
sense_list:
A light woman's undergarment worn under a dress or skirt, and hanging either from the shoulders or (now especially) from the waist; a kind of slip, worn to make the skirt fuller, or for extra warmth.


lexentry: eng/petty__Adjective__1
written_rep: petty
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пустячный | мелочный | ме́лкий
sense_list:
Of persons or their behaviour: marked by or reflective of undesirably limited interests, sympathies, or views; begrudging, selfish, small-minded; also, preoccupied with subjects having little or no importance and not mindful of broader concerns. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/petty_bourgeoisie__Noun__1
written_rep: petty bourgeoisie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ме́лкая буржуази́я | меща́нство
sense_list:
(Marxism) A social class of that bourgeoisie that typically works alongside their employees if they have any, exemplified by shopkeepers and professionals.


lexentry: eng/petty_cash__Noun__1
written_rep: petty cash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мелочёвка
sense_list:
(business) Cash available for trivial purchases, especially limited funds for employees to use without close supervision.


lexentry: eng/petty_officer__Noun__1
written_rep: petty officer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: у́нтер-офице́р
sense_list:
A non-commissioned officer in the Canadian, US and UK Navy and the US Coast Guard; roughly equivalent to a sergeant in the army


lexentry: eng/petty_theft__Noun__1
written_rep: petty theft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[мелкий|ме́лкая]] [[кра́жа]]
sense_list:
A theft of property having a value lower than a certain small amount set forth in a statute, and considered to be a less serious class of crime.


lexentry: eng/pew__Noun__1
written_rep: pew
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[церковный|церко́вная]] [[скамья́]]
sense_list:
Any structure shaped like a church pew, such as a stall, formerly used by money lenders, etc.; a box in a theatre; or a pen or sheepfold.


lexentry: eng/peyote__Noun__1
written_rep: peyote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пейот
sense_list:
A small, spineless cactus (Lophophora williamsii) found from southwest United States to central Mexico that produces buttonlike tubercles that can be chewed for their psychedelic effect, primarily from the drug mescaline.


lexentry: eng/phagocyte__Noun__1
written_rep: phagocyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фагоци́т | фагоцит
sense_list:
(cytology) A cell of the immune system, such as a neutrophil, macrophage or dendritic cell, that engulfs and destroys viruses, bacteria and waste materials, or in the case of mature dendritic cells; displays antigens from invading pathogens to cells of the lymphoid lineage.


lexentry: eng/phalanx__Noun__1
written_rep: phalanx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фала́нга | фаланга
sense_list:
(historical, plural phalanxes) An ancient Greek and Macedonian military unit that consisted of several ranks and files (lines) of soldiers in close array with joined shields and long spears.


lexentry: eng/phalanx__Noun__1
written_rep: phalanx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: фала́нга
sense_list:
(plural phalanxes or (rare) phalanges) A large group of people, animals or things, compact or closely massed, or tightly knit and united in common purpose.


lexentry: eng/phalarope__Noun__1
written_rep: phalarope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плаву́нчик
sense_list:
Any of three small wading birds in the genus Phalaropus, of the family Scolopacidae, that have lobed toes.


lexentry: eng/phantasmal__Adjective__1
written_rep: phantasmal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: при́зрачный
sense_list:
(parapsychology) Of or pertaining to, or having the characteristics of, a phantasm. | Of or pertaining to, or having the characteristics of, a phantasm; imaginary, unreal. | Of or pertaining to, or having the characteristics of, a phantom#Noun; ghostly, spectral.


lexentry: eng/phantom__Noun__1
written_rep: phantom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: привиде́ние | при́зрак | тень | фанто́м
sense_list:
Something apparently seen, heard, or sensed, but having no physical reality; an image that appears only in the mind; an illusion or delusion.


lexentry: eng/phantom_limb__Noun__1
written_rep: phantom limb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: при́зрачная коне́чность | фанто́мная коне́чность
sense_list:
(pathology) The false sensation, which is often painful, that an amputated limb is still present and attached.


lexentry: eng/phantom_pain__Noun__1
written_rep: phantom pain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фанто́мная боль | при́зрачная боль
sense_list:
(medicine, pathology) A sensation of pain coming from a part of the body that has been amputated, or in which the nerves have been destroyed.


lexentry: eng/pharaoh__Noun__1
written_rep: pharaoh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фарао́н | фараон
sense_list:
(historical) The supreme ruler of Ancient Egypt; a formal address for the sovereign seat of power as personified by the "king" in an institutional role of Horus son of Osiris; often used by metonymy for Ancient Egyptian sovereignty


lexentry: eng/pharaoh_ant__Noun__1
written_rep: pharaoh ant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: домо́вый мураве́й | корабе́льный мураве́й | фарао́нов мураве́й
sense_list:
A small yellow-brown ant, Monomorium pharaonis, introduced to virtually every area of the world, considered to be a major indoor pest.


lexentry: eng/pharisaism__Noun__1
written_rep: pharisaism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фарисейство
sense_list:
The doctrines and practices, or the character and spirit, of the Pharisees. | (chiefly, Christianity) Rigid observance of external forms of religion without genuine piety; hypocrisy in religion; a censorious, self-righteous spirit in matters of morals or manners.


lexentry: eng/pharmacist__Noun__1
written_rep: pharmacist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: апте́карша | апте́карь | фармаце́вт
sense_list:
(pharmacy) A health professional who controls, formulates, preserves, and dispenses medications and provides medical advice and counseling on how medicines should be used in order to achieve maximum benefit, and minimal side effects in order to avoid drug interactions.


lexentry: eng/pharmacokinetics__Noun__1
written_rep: pharmacokinetics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фармакокине́тика
sense_list:
(pharmacology) A branch of pharmacology concerned with the rate at which drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body.


lexentry: eng/pharmacology__Noun__1
written_rep: pharmacology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фармаколо́гия | фармакология
sense_list:
The science of drugs, including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.


lexentry: eng/pharmacy__Noun__1
written_rep: pharmacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фармаце́втика | фармаци́я
sense_list:
(uncountable) The science of medicinal substances, inclusive of pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, phytochemistry, and forensics. | (uncountable) The role or occupation of a pharmacist.


lexentry: eng/pharyngeal__Adjective__1
written_rep: pharyngeal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фарингеа́льный | гло́точный
sense_list:
(phonetics) Articulated with the pharynx; a term usually describing a consonant which is articulated by the rear area of the tongue being raised to below the region between the uvula and the pharyngeal wall. The term cannot apply to a plosive or stop consonant.


lexentry: eng/pharynx__Noun__1
written_rep: pharynx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гло́тка | горта́нь | зев | фа́ринкс
sense_list:
(anatomy) The part of the alimentary canal and respiratory tract that extends from the back of the mouth and nasal cavity to the larynx and esophagus.


lexentry: eng/phase__Noun__1
written_rep: phase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пери́од | ста́дия | фа́за
sense_list:
That which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything manifests, especially any one among different and varying appearances of the same object.


lexentry: eng/phase__Noun__1
written_rep: phase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: фа́за | фаза
sense_list:
(astronomy) A particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes with respect to quantity of illumination or form, or the absence, of a body's illuminated disk. Illustrated in Wikipedia's article Lunar phase. | (physics) Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.


lexentry: eng/phase__Noun__1
written_rep: phase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: фа́за
sense_list:
(chemistry) A component in a material system that is distinguished by chemical composition and/or physical state (solid, liquid or gas) and/or crystal structure. It is delineated from an adjoining phase by an abrupt change in one or more of those conditions.


lexentry: eng/phase_modulation__Noun__1
written_rep: phase modulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: модуля́ция участка
sense_list:
A method of sending information by modifying (modulating) the difference in phase (fraction of a wave length) between a signal and a reference.


lexentry: eng/phase_out__Verb__1
written_rep: phase out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оставлять
sense_list:
(transitive) To remove or relinquish the use of (something) little by little, either via discrete diminishing phases or (by extension) by continuous gradations; to remove in phases, or as if by phases (gradually).


lexentry: eng/phase_space__Noun__1
written_rep: phase space
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фа́зовое простра́нство
sense_list:
(mathematics, physics, dynamical system theory) Given a (dynamical) system, any topological space such that every point in the space's underlying set uniquely represents a state of the system and every possible state is represented by some point;(less formally) the underlying set of such a topological space.


lexentry: eng/phase_transition__Noun__1
written_rep: phase transition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фа́зовый перехо́д
sense_list:
(physics) The transition between thermodynamic phases of a physical system, especially one between the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a substance.


lexentry: eng/phasor__Noun__1
written_rep: phasor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стрелка
sense_list:
(mathematics) A representation of a complex number in terms of a complex exponential. | (sciences, engineering) A plotted line whose length and angle represent the amplitude and phase, respectively, of a sinusoidally varying quantity such as an alternating current.


lexentry: eng/phatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: phatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фатический
sense_list:
(linguistics) Pertaining to words used to convey any kind of social relationship and whose meaning is otherwise either deemphasized or absent.


lexentry: eng/pheasant's_eye__Noun__1
written_rep: pheasant's eye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: адо́нис
sense_list:
Any of genus Adonis of flowering plants in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae), native to Europe and Asia, particularly


lexentry: eng/phencyclidine__Noun__1
written_rep: phencyclidine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фенциклиди́н
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic compound derived from piperidine, used as a veterinary anesthetic and in hallucinogenic drugs such as angel dust.


lexentry: eng/phenol__Noun__1
written_rep: phenol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фено́л | фенол
sense_list:
(organic compound, uncountable) A caustic, poisonous, white crystalline compound, C6H5OH, derived from benzene and used in resins, plastics, and pharmaceuticals and in dilute form as a disinfectant and antiseptic; once called carbolic acid | (organic chemistry, countable) Any of a class of aromatic organic compounds having at least one hydroxyl group attached directly to the benzene ring (or other aromatic ring)


lexentry: eng/phenolic_resin__Noun__1
written_rep: phenolic resin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фенопласт
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of a particular class of thermosetting resin made through the condensation of phenol (or a phenol derivative) with an aldehyde.


lexentry: eng/phenomenology__Noun__1
written_rep: phenomenology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: феноменоло́гия | феноменология
sense_list:
(philosophy) The study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view.


lexentry: eng/phenomenon__Noun__1
written_rep: phenomenon
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: A thing or being, event or process, perceptible through senses; or a fact or occurrence thereof.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
фено́мен | явле́ние | [[необыкновенный|необыкнове́нное]] [[явле́ние]] | собы́тие | феноме́н | эффе́кт


lexentry: eng/phenomenon__Noun__1
written_rep: phenomenon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: феномен
sense_list:
A wonderful or very remarkable person or thing. | (philosophy, chiefly, Kantian, _, idealism) An experienced object whose constitution reflects the order and conceptual structure imposed upon it by the human mind (especially by the powers of perception and understanding).


lexentry: eng/phenotype__Noun__1
written_rep: phenotype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: феноти́п | фенотип
sense_list:
(genetics, evolutionary theory) The appearance of an organism based on a multifactorial combination of genetic traits and environmental factors, especially used in pedigrees.


lexentry: eng/phenylalanine__Noun__1
written_rep: phenylalanine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фенилалани́н
sense_list:
(amino acid) An essential amino acid C9H11NO2 found in most animal proteins; it is essential for growth; the inability to metabolize it leads to phenylketonuria; it is a constituent of aspartame.


lexentry: eng/phenylephrine__Noun__1
written_rep: phenylephrine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фенилэфри́н
sense_list:
(medicine, pharmaceutical drug) An α-adrenergic receptor agonist related to adrenaline, used as a vasoconstrictor and nasal decongestant; 3-(1-hydroxy-2-methylamino-ethyl)phenol, with the formula C9H13NO2.


lexentry: eng/pheromone__Noun__1
written_rep: pheromone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: феромо́н
sense_list:
(biology) A chemical secreted by an animal, especially an insect, that affects the development or behavior of other members of the same species, functioning often as a means of attracting a member of the opposite sex.


lexentry: eng/philanthropist__Noun__1
written_rep: philanthropist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филантро́п | филантроп
sense_list:
A person who loves humankind in general. | A person or institution who seeks to improve the world, especially by monetary gifts.


lexentry: eng/philanthropy__Noun__1
written_rep: philanthropy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филантро́пия
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, uncountable) Benevolent altruism with the intention of increasing the well-being of humankind.


lexentry: eng/philia__Noun__1
written_rep: philia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: фили́я
sense_list:
(countable) a psychological disorder characterized by an irrational favorable disposition towards something


lexentry: eng/philistine__Adjective__1
written_rep: philistine
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: меща́нский | обыва́тельский | филистёрский
sense_list:
(derogatory) Ignorant or uneducated; specifically, lacking appreciation for or antagonistic towards art or culture, and having pedestrian tastes.


lexentry: eng/philistine__Noun__1
written_rep: philistine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: меща́нка | мещани́н | обыва́тель | обыва́тельница | фили́стер
sense_list:
(derogatory) A person who is ignorant or uneducated; specifically, a person who lacks appreciation of or is antagonistic towards art or culture, and who has pedestrian tastes.


lexentry: eng/phillumenist__Noun__1
written_rep: phillumenist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филумени́ст
sense_list:
A person who collects match-related items, like matchbox labels, matchboxes, matchbooks, or matchbook covers.


lexentry: eng/philo-Semitism__Noun__1
written_rep: philo-Semitism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филосемитизм
sense_list:
Interest in or appreciation of Jewish people, their history, or the influence of Judaism, particularly on the part of a gentile.


lexentry: eng/philodendron__Noun__1
written_rep: philodendron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филоде́ндрон
sense_list:
Any of several climbing plants, of the genus Philodendron, native to America and the West Indies that are often grown as house plants.


lexentry: eng/philologist__Noun__1
written_rep: philologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фило́лог | языкове́д
sense_list:
A person who engages in philology (historical linguistics), especially as a profession; a collector of words and their etymologies.


lexentry: eng/philosopher's_stone__Noun__1
written_rep: philosopher's stone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филосо́фский ка́мень
sense_list:
(alchemy) A supposed substance able to turn base metals, such as lead or mercury, into gold or silver, also sometimes claimed to cure any illness (as panacea) or confer immortality (as elixir of life), among other functions.


lexentry: eng/philosopher__Noun__1
written_rep: philosopher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: фило́соф | философ
sense_list:
(archaic) A person who applies the principles of philosophy to the conduct of their life, as by acting calmly and rationally in the face of inevitable change. | (archaic) A student, scholar, or expert in any branch of knowledge, especially those branches studied prior to being considered part of pure science.


lexentry: eng/philosophy__Noun__1
written_rep: philosophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филосо́фия | философия
sense_list:
(uncountable) An academic discipline that seeks truth through reasoning rather than empiricism, often attempting to provide explanations relating to general concepts such as existence and rationality. | (countable) A view or outlook regarding fundamental principles underlying some domain. | (countable) A comprehensive system of belief.


lexentry: eng/philosophy_of_science__Noun__1
written_rep: philosophy of science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: философия науки
sense_list:
(philosophy, uncountable) The study of the assumptions, foundations, and implications of science, including such questions as what distinguishes science from non-science, what are the aims of science, or what is a successful scientific explanation of a phenomenon.


lexentry: eng/philter__Noun__1
written_rep: philter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: любовное зелье
sense_list:
A kind of potion, charm, or drug; especially a love potion intended to make the drinker fall in love with the giver. [from the 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/phimosis__Noun__1
written_rep: phimosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фимо́з
sense_list:
(symptom) A contraction of the foreskin (either as a stage of development or a pathological condition), which prevents it from being retracted.


lexentry: eng/phlegm__Noun__1
written_rep: phlegm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фле́гма
sense_list:
(historical) One of the four humors making up the body in ancient and mediaeval medicine; said to be cold and moist, and often identified with mucus. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/phlegm__Noun__1
written_rep: phlegm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: слизь | мокро́та | фле́гма
sense_list:
Viscid mucus produced by the body, later especially mucus expelled from the bronchial passages by coughing. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/phlegm__Noun__1
written_rep: phlegm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: фле́гма | флегмати́чность
sense_list:
Calmness of temperament, composure; also seen negatively, sluggishness, indifference. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/phlegmon__Noun__1
written_rep: phlegmon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: флегмона
sense_list:
A solid mass formed by inflamed connective tissue, such as forms around an appendix in appendicitis.


lexentry: eng/phloem__Noun__1
written_rep: phloem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: луб | лы́ко | флоэ́ма
sense_list:
(botany) A vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the shoot.


lexentry: eng/phlogiston__Noun__1
written_rep: phlogiston
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: флогисто́н | флогистон
sense_list:
(chemistry, historical) The hypothetical fiery principle formerly assumed to be a necessary constituent of combustible bodies and to be given up by them in burning.


lexentry: eng/pho__Noun__1
written_rep: pho
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фо
sense_list:
A Vietnamese soup with a beef base, typically served with rice noodles and optionally beef or chicken.


lexentry: eng/phoenix__Noun__1
written_rep: phoenix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: жар-пти́ца | фе́никс
sense_list:
(Chinese mythology) A mythological Chinese chimerical bird whose physical body symbolizes the six celestial bodies; a fenghuang.


lexentry: eng/phon__Noun__1
written_rep: phon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фон
sense_list:
(acoustics) A unit of apparent loudness, equal in number to the intensity in decibels of a 1,000-hertz tone judged to be as loud as the sound being measured.


lexentry: eng/phone__Noun__2
written_rep: phone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фо́на | фоне́ма
sense_list:
(phonetics) A speech segment that possesses distinct physical or perceptual properties, considered as a physical event without regard to its place in the phonology of a language.


lexentry: eng/phoneme__Noun__1
written_rep: phoneme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фоне́ма | фонема
sense_list:
(phonology) An indivisible unit of sound in a given language. A phoneme is an abstraction of the physical speech sounds (phones) and may encompass several different phones.


lexentry: eng/phonemic__Adjective__1
written_rep: phonemic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фоне́мный
sense_list:
(linguistics) Relating to a difference between sounds that can change the meaning of words in a language.


lexentry: eng/phonemic_merger__Noun__1
written_rep: phonemic merger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сходимость
sense_list:
(phonology) The phenomenon in which two different phonemes merge and become replaced by a single phoneme.


lexentry: eng/phonetics__Noun__1
written_rep: phonetics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фоне́тика | фонетика
sense_list:
(linguistics) The study of the physical sounds of human speech, concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds (phones), and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception, and their representation by written symbols.


lexentry: eng/phonology__Noun__1
written_rep: phonology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фоне́тика | фоноло́гия | фонология
sense_list:
(uncountable) The study of the way sounds function in languages, including accent, intonation, phonemes, stress, and syllable structure, and which sounds are distinctive units within a language; (countable) the way sounds function within a given language; a phonological system. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/phonology__Noun__1
written_rep: phonology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фоноло́гия | фонология
sense_list:
(by extension, uncountable) The study of the way components of signs function in a sign language, and which components are distinctive units within the language; (countable) the way components of signs function within a given sign language.


lexentry: eng/phonon__Noun__1
written_rep: phonon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фоно́н
sense_list:
(physics) The quantum of acoustic or vibrational energy (sound), considered a discrete particle rather than a wave.


lexentry: eng/phosphene__Noun__1
written_rep: phosphene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фосфен
sense_list:
A sensation of lights induced by mechanical, electrical, or magnetic stimulation (rather than optical) of the retina or visual cortex, or by random firing of cells in the visual system.


lexentry: eng/phospholipid__Noun__1
written_rep: phospholipid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фосфолипи́д
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any lipid, such as lecithin or cephalin, consisting of a diglyceride combined with a phosphate group and a simple organic molecule such as choline or ethanolamine; they are important constituents of biological membranes.


lexentry: eng/phosphor__Noun__1
written_rep: phosphor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: люминофор
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of various compounds of transition metals or of rare earths that exhibit phosphorescence.


lexentry: eng/phosphoric__Adjective__1
written_rep: phosphoric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фосфор
sense_list:
(chemistry) Pertaining to the element phosphorus; containing phosphorus, especially in its higher valency (5). [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/phosphoric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: phosphoric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фо́сфорная кислота́
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A colourless, odourless solid, H3PO4, often in solution as a syrupy liquid, used in the manufacture of fertilizers, detergents and pharmaceuticals and as an additive in cola drinks.


lexentry: eng/phosphorus__Noun__1
written_rep: phosphorus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фо́сфор | фосфор
sense_list:
(chemistry) a chemical element (symbol P) with an atomic number of 15, that exists in several allotropic forms.


lexentry: eng/phosphorylation__Noun__1
written_rep: phosphorylation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фосфорили́рование
sense_list:
(biochemistry) the process of transferring a phosphate group from a donor to an acceptor; often catalysed by enzymes.


lexentry: eng/photoconductivity__Noun__1
written_rep: photoconductivity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фотопроводи́мость
sense_list:
(physics) The increase in the electrical conductivity of a material as a result of incident electromagnetic radiation.


lexentry: eng/photocopier__Noun__1
written_rep: photocopier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копи́р | копирова́льный аппара́т | ксе́рокс | фотокопирова́льное устро́йство
sense_list:
A machine which reproduces documents by photographing the original over a glass plate and printing duplicates.


lexentry: eng/photodiode__Noun__1
written_rep: photodiode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фотодио́д
sense_list:
(electronics) A semiconductor two-terminal component whose electrical characteristics are light-sensitive.


lexentry: eng/photoelectric__Adjective__1
written_rep: photoelectric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фотоэлектрический
sense_list:
Of or relating to the electric effects of electromagnetic radiation, especially the ejection of an electron from a surface by a photon.


lexentry: eng/photoelectric_effect__Noun__1
written_rep: photoelectric effect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фотоэффект
sense_list:
(physics) The emission of electrons from the surface of a material following the absorption of electromagnetic radiation.


lexentry: eng/photogrammetry__Noun__1
written_rep: photogrammetry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фо̀тограмметри́я
sense_list:
The making of precise measurements from photographs. | The making of maps from photographs, especially from aerial surveying.


lexentry: eng/photograph__Noun__1
written_rep: photograph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сни́мок | фо́тка | фо́то | фотогра́фия | фотока́рточка | фотосни́мок
sense_list:
(photography) A picture created by projecting an image onto a photosensitive surface such as a chemically treated plate or film, CCD receptor, etc.


lexentry: eng/photography__Noun__1
written_rep: photography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фотогра́фия | фотография
sense_list:
The art and technology of producing images on photosensitive surfaces, and its digital counterpart. | The occupation of taking (and often printing) photographs.


lexentry: eng/photon__Noun__1
written_rep: photon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фото́н | фотон
sense_list:
(particle) The quantum of light and other electromagnetic energy, regarded as a discrete particle having zero rest mass, no electric charge, and an indefinitely long lifetime. It is a gauge boson.


lexentry: eng/photopaper__Noun__1
written_rep: photopaper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фотобума́га
sense_list:
Photographic paper; paper coated with light-sensitive chemicals, used for making photographic prints on traditional film cameras.


lexentry: eng/photoshop__Verb__1
written_rep: photoshop
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фотошопить
sense_list:
(trademark, media, computing, usually, transitive) To digitally edit or alter (a picture or photograph).


lexentry: eng/photosynthesis__Noun__1
written_rep: photosynthesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фотоси́нтез | фотосинтез
sense_list:
(biochemistry, organic chemistry) Any process by which plants and other photoautotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy.


lexentry: eng/phrasal_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: phrasal verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фра́зовый глаго́л
sense_list:
(linguistics, more loosely) A phrase, consisting of a verb and either or both of a preposition or adverb, that has idiomatic meaning.


lexentry: eng/phrase__Noun__1
written_rep: phrase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фра́за | оборо́т ре́чи | словосочета́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A word or, more commonly, a group of words that functions as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence, always containing an expressed or implied head (the principal word or subgroup, with core importance) and often consisting of a head plus some other elaborating words.


lexentry: eng/phrase__Verb__1
written_rep: phrase
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фрази́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive, music) To perform (a passage) with a particular phrasing. | (transitive, music) To divide into melodic phrases.


lexentry: eng/phrasebook__Adjective__1
written_rep: phrasebook
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разгово́рник | фразеологи́ческий слова́рь
sense_list:
(uncommon) Of or pertaining to a phrasebook. | (uncommon, idiomatic) Of one's fluency of a language, limited or deficient.


lexentry: eng/phrasing__Noun__1
written_rep: phrasing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: формули́рование | формулиро́вка | фразиро́вка
sense_list:
The way a statement is put together, particularly in matters of style and word choice. | (music) The way the musical phrases are put together in a composition or in its interpretation, with changes in tempo, volume, or emphasizing one or more instruments over others.


lexentry: eng/phreatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: phreatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фреатический взрыв
sense_list:
(geology) Of or pertaining to ground water; (volcanology) involving explosively rapid heating of ground water by magma.


lexentry: eng/phrenology__Noun__1
written_rep: phrenology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: френоло́гия | френология
sense_list:
(medicine, biology, historical) The pseudo-science which studies the relationships between a person's character and the morphology (structure) of the skull.


lexentry: eng/phthalic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: phthalic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фта́левая кислота́
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) Any of three isomeric aromatic organic benzenedicarboxylic acids, C6H4(COOH)2; especially the ortho- isomer manufactured from naphthalene, used in the synthesis of dyes, perfumes and other compounds.


lexentry: eng/phugoid__Noun__1
written_rep: phugoid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фуго́ид
sense_list:
(aeronautics, aviation) The motion of an aircraft, missile, or other flying object continuously oscillating in a vertical plane due to the object pitching up and climbing, thus slowing down; then pitching down and descending, thus speeding up.


lexentry: eng/phylactery__Noun__1
written_rep: phylactery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тфили́н | филакте́рия
sense_list:
Either of two small leather cases containing scrolls with passages from the Torah, traditionally worn by a Jewish man (one on the arm (usually the left) and one on the forehead) and now sometimes by a woman at certain morning prayers as a reminder to obey the law as set out in the Bible; a tefilla.


lexentry: eng/phylactery__Noun__1
written_rep: phylactery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: филакте́рия
sense_list:
(archaic) Synonym of amulet (“a protective charm or ornament”). | (by extension, fantasy, roleplaying games) An enchanted object used (for example, by a lich) to contain and protect the owner's soul. | (Christianity, historical, obsolete) Synonym of reliquary (“a container to display or hold religious relics”).


lexentry: eng/phylloxera__Noun__1
written_rep: phylloxera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филлоксера
sense_list:
An insect, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae of the family Phylloxeridae (not the genus Phylloxera), that is very destructive to grape vines; also, the diseased condition of a vine caused by this insect. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/phylogenetic_tree__Noun__1
written_rep: phylogenetic tree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филогенети́ческое де́рево | эволюцио́нное де́рево
sense_list:
(biology) A branching diagram illustrating the potential evolutionary relationships among biological organisms or other entities in which the tree-maker hypothesizes share a common ancestor.


lexentry: eng/phylogenetics__Noun__1
written_rep: phylogenetics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: филогенез
sense_list:
(biology, systematics) The study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms, through computational methods that focus on observed heritable traits.


lexentry: eng/phylum__Noun__1
written_rep: phylum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тип | отде́л
sense_list:
(taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank


lexentry: eng/physical__Adjective__1
written_rep: physical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: материа́льный | теле́сный | физи́ческий
sense_list:
Pertaining to the world as understood through the senses rather than the mind; tangible, concrete; real. Having to do with the material world. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/physical_culture__Noun__1
written_rep: physical culture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физкультура
sense_list:
(historical) A 19th- and 20th-century popular movement of light gymnastics for the purpose of health and fitness.


lexentry: eng/physical_education__Noun__1
written_rep: physical education
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физвоспита́ние | физи́ческая культу́ра | физи́ческое воспита́ние | физкульту́ра | физра́
sense_list:
An element of an educational curriculum concerned with bodily development, physical health and wellness, strength, physical co-ordination, and agility.


lexentry: eng/physical_examination__Noun__1
written_rep: physical examination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медосмо́тр | обсле́дование | осмо́тр
sense_list:
(medicine) The examination of the patient's body with the use of such methods as inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation.


lexentry: eng/physical_law__Noun__1
written_rep: physical law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: физи́ческий зако́н
sense_list:
A universal statement about the operation of nature, based on empirical observations of physical behavior, tested using the scientific method.


lexentry: eng/physical_quantity__Noun__1
written_rep: physical quantity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физи́ческая величина́
sense_list:
(physics) A physical property that can be measured or calculated from other physical property and expressed as the product of a numerical value and a physical unit.


lexentry: eng/physicist__Noun__1
written_rep: physicist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фи́зик | физик
sense_list:
A person whose occupation specializes in the science of physics, especially at a professional level.


lexentry: eng/physics__Noun__1
written_rep: physics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физика | фи́зика
sense_list:
The branch of science concerned with the study of the properties and interactions of space, time, matter and energy.


lexentry: eng/physio__Noun__1
written_rep: physio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физиатр
sense_list:
(colloquial, countable) Clipping of physiotherapist. | (colloquial, uncountable) Clipping of physiotherapy.


lexentry: eng/physiocrat__Noun__1
written_rep: physiocrat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физиокра́т
sense_list:
(economics, now, historical) Any of a group of economists in 18th-century France who believed that the government should not seek to influence the operation of natural economic laws. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/physiognomy__Noun__1
written_rep: physiognomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физионо́мика | физиогно́мика
sense_list:
The art or pseudoscience of deducing the predominant temper and other characteristic qualities of the mind from the outward appearance, especially from the features of the face.


lexentry: eng/physiography__Noun__1
written_rep: physiography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физи́ческая геогра́фия | физиогра́фия
sense_list:
(geography) The subfield of geography that studies physical patterns and processes of the Earth. It aims to understand the forces that produce and change rocks, oceans, weather, and global flora and fauna patterns.


lexentry: eng/physiology__Noun__1
written_rep: physiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физиоло́гия | физиология
sense_list:
A branch of biology that deals with the functions and activities of life or of living matter (as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and chemical phenomena involved.


lexentry: eng/physiotherapist__Noun__1
written_rep: physiotherapist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физиотерапе́вт
sense_list:
(British, Commonwealth, Irish) A therapist who treats physical injury or dysfunction, usually with exercise.


lexentry: eng/physiotherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: physiotherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: физиотерапи́я | физиотерапия
sense_list:
(British, Commonwealth, Irish) Therapy that uses physical techniques such as massage, ultrasound, heat, and exercise.


lexentry: eng/pi__Noun__1
written_rep: pi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пи
sense_list:
The 16th letter of the Classical and Modern Greek alphabets and the seventeenth in Old Greek. | (mathematics) An irrational and transcendental constant representing the ratio of the circumference of a Euclidean circle to its diameter; approximately 3.14159265358979323846264338327950; usually written π.


lexentry: eng/piano__Noun__1
written_rep: piano
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пиани́но | роя́ль | фортепиа́но | пианино
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A percussive keyboard musical instrument, usually ranging over seven octaves, with white and black colored keys, played by pressing these keys, causing hammers to strike strings. [from 1803]


lexentry: eng/piano_nobile__Noun__1
written_rep: piano nobile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бельэта́ж | бельэтаж
sense_list:
(architecture) The floor of a building where the principal bedrooms and main reception rooms are found, very often on the first or second floor in older buildings.


lexentry: eng/piastre__Noun__1
written_rep: piastre
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пиа́стр
sense_list:
(now, _, historical) A Spanish or Spanish-American coin and unit of currency, originally worth eight real. | A form of currency currently used as a subunit in the Middle Eastern and East African countries of Egypt, Jordan (partly including Palestine), Lebanon, South Sudan, Sudan, and Syria.


lexentry: eng/pica__Noun__1
written_rep: pica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пика́
sense_list:
(pathology, usually, uncountable) A disorder characterized by appetite and craving for non-edible substances, such as chalk, clay, dirt, ice, or sand.


lexentry: eng/piccolo__Noun__1
written_rep: piccolo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пи́кколо | фле́йта-пи́кколо
sense_list:
A piccolo flute
 A transverse flute that is smaller than a Western concert flute and pitched nearly an octave higher.


lexentry: eng/pick-me-up__Noun__1
written_rep: pick-me-up
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[тонизирующий|тонизи́рующее]] [[сре́дство]]
sense_list:
(informal) A drink, often an alcoholic one, taken as a stimulant or sometimes as a hangover cure; a restorative, tonic or bracer. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pick__Verb__1
written_rep: pick
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: рва́ть | собира́ть | собра́ть | сорва́ть | срыва́ть
sense_list:
To harvest a fruit or vegetable for consumption by removing it from the plant to which it is attached; to harvest an entire plant by removing it from the ground.


lexentry: eng/pick_and_roll__Noun__1
written_rep: pick and roll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пик-н-ро́лл
sense_list:
(basketball) An offensive play in which a player stops to block a defender for a teammate handling the ball and then slips behind the defender to accept a pass.


lexentry: eng/pick_one's_nose__Verb__1
written_rep: pick one's nose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ковыря́ть в носу́ | ковыря́ться в носу́ | колупа́ться в носу́
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To insert a finger or other object into one's nostril to remove obstructions, especially dried mucus.


lexentry: eng/pick_up__Verb__1
written_rep: pick up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 12
trans_list: брать тру́бку | взять тру́бку
sense_list:
(transitive, ) To notice, detect or discern; to pick up on. | (transitive, or, intransitive) To answer a telephone. | (intransitive, of a phone) To receive calls; to function correctly.


lexentry: eng/pick_up__Verb__1
written_rep: pick up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 14
trans_list: подцепи́ть | подцепля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, and, intransitive, _, with on) To meet and seduce somebody for romantic purposes, especially in a social situation.


lexentry: eng/pickaxe__Noun__1
written_rep: pickaxe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кайло́ | кирка́ | моты́га
sense_list:
A heavy iron tool with a wooden handle; one end of the head is pointed, the other has a chisel edge.


lexentry: eng/pickelhaube__Noun__1
written_rep: pickelhaube
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пике́льхаубе | пикельхе́льм
sense_list:
(historical) A spiked helmet worn by German troops, especially during the First World War. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/picket__Noun__1
written_rep: picket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: аванпо́ст | дозо́р | кордо́н | пике́т | форпо́ст
sense_list:
(military) One of the soldiers or troops placed on a line forward of a position to warn against an enemy advance; or any unit (for example, an aircraft or ship) performing a similar function.


lexentry: eng/picket__Noun__1
written_rep: picket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: пике́тчик | пике́тчица
sense_list:
A protester positioned outside an office, workplace etc. during a strike (usually in plural); also the protest itself.


lexentry: eng/pickle__Noun__1
written_rep: pickle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[ква́шеный]] [[огуре́ц]] | [[ки́слый]] [[огуре́ц]] | корнишо́н | солёный [[огуре́ц]]
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) A cucumber preserved in a solution, usually a brine or a vinegar syrup.


lexentry: eng/pickle__Verb__1
written_rep: pickle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заса́ливать | засоли́ть | ква́сить | маринова́ть | соли́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, ergative) To preserve food (or sometimes other things) in a salt, sugar or vinegar solution.


lexentry: eng/pickup__Noun__1
written_rep: pickup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ада́птер | звукоснима́тель
sense_list:
An electronic device for detecting sound, vibration, etc., such as one fitted to an electric guitar or record player.


lexentry: eng/pickup__Noun__1
written_rep: pickup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: сня́тие | съём
sense_list:
An instance of approaching someone and engaging in romantic flirtation and courting with the intent to pursue romance, a date, or a sexual encounter.


lexentry: eng/pico-__Prefix__1
written_rep: pico-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пико-
sense_list:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10−12 (short scale trillionth or long scale billionth). Symbol: p


lexentry: eng/picric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: picric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пикри́новая кислота́
sense_list:
(organic compound) 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, C6H2(NO2)3, prepared by the nitration of phenol or of aspirin; a toxic, yellow, explosive substance used in dyes, explosives, and as an antiseptic


lexentry: eng/picture__Noun__1
written_rep: picture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изображе́ние | карти́на | карти́нка | рису́нок | о́браз
sense_list:
A representation of anything (as a person, a landscape, a building) upon canvas, paper, or other surface, by drawing, painting, printing, photography, etc.


lexentry: eng/picture_card__Noun__1
written_rep: picture card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: живописец
sense_list:
A playing card which has a picture on it (usually Jack, Queen or King (coat card), but sometimes including Ace or Joker).


lexentry: eng/picturesque__Adjective__1
written_rep: picturesque
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: живопи́сный | живописный
sense_list:
Resembling or worthy of a picture or painting; having the qualities of a picture or painting; pleasingly beautiful.


lexentry: eng/pidgin__Noun__1
written_rep: pidgin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пи́джин
sense_list:
(linguistics) An amalgamation of two disparate languages, used by two populations having no common language as a lingua franca to communicate with each other, lacking formalized grammar and having a small, utilitarian vocabulary and no native speakers.


lexentry: eng/pie__Noun__1
written_rep: pie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: беля́ш | пиро́г | пирожо́к
sense_list:
A type of pastry that consists of an outer crust and a filling. (Savory pies are more popular in the UK and sweet pies are more popular in the US, so "pie" without qualification has different connotations in these dialects.) | Any of various other, non-pastry dishes that maintain the general concept of a shell with a filling.


lexentry: eng/pie__Noun__1
written_rep: pie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: пирог
sense_list:
A paper plate covered in cream, shaving foam or custard that is thrown or rubbed in someone’s face for comical purposes, to raise money for charity, or as a form of political protest; a custard pie; a cream pie.


lexentry: eng/pie_in_the_sky__Noun__1
written_rep: pie in the sky
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воздушный замок | журавль в небе
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A fanciful notion; an unrealistic or ludicrous concept; the illusory promise of a desired outcome that is unlikely to happen.


lexentry: eng/piece__Noun__1
written_rep: piece
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: фи́шка | фигу́ра
sense_list:
(chess) One of the figures used in playing chess, specifically a higher-value figure as distinguished from a pawn; (by extension) those with which draughts, backgammon, and other similar board games are played.


lexentry: eng/piece__Noun__1
written_rep: piece
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: моне́та
sense_list:
A coin, especially one valued at less than the principal unit of currency. | (baseball, uncountable) Used to describe a pitch that has been hit but not well, usually either being caught by the opposing team or going foul. Usually used in the past tense with get.


lexentry: eng/piece_rate__Noun__1
written_rep: piece rate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сде́льная опла́та
sense_list:
The monetary amount paid per unit of production in the reward scheme of piece work, contrasting with hourly wage and salary.


lexentry: eng/piece_work__Noun__1
written_rep: piece work
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подряд
sense_list:
Work that a worker is paid for according to the number of units produced, rather than the number of hours worked; work done and paid for by the piece or by the job.


lexentry: eng/piecewise_linear__Adjective__1
written_rep: piecewise linear
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кусо́чно-лине́йный
sense_list:
(mathematics) Equal to a sum of finitely many linear functions, each defined on a convex polytope: said of functions between vector spaces


lexentry: eng/pied_avocet__Noun__1
written_rep: pied avocet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шилоклю́вка
sense_list:
Recurvirostra avosetta, a black and white wading bird of temperate Europe and western and central Asia, wintering in Africa and south Asia.


lexentry: eng/piepowder__Noun__1
written_rep: piepowder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[я́рмарочный]] суд
sense_list:
(Britain, law, historical) In full court of piepowders (also court of piepowder) or piepowder court: an ancient court in England held in conjunction with a fair or a market to administer summary justice over occurrences therein such as disputes between merchants and acts of theft and violence; they were presided over by the mayor and bailiffs of the borough, or by the steward if the fair or market was held by a lord.


lexentry: eng/pier__Noun__1
written_rep: pier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: при́стань | мол | пирс | прича́л
sense_list:
A raised platform built from the shore out over water, supported on piles; used to secure, or provide access to shipping; a jetty.


lexentry: eng/pier__Noun__1
written_rep: pier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: просте́нок | столб
sense_list:
(architecture) A rectangular pillar, or similar structure, that supports an arch, wall or roof, or the hinges of a gate.


lexentry: eng/pierogi__Noun__1
written_rep: pierogi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: варе́ники | пельме́ни
sense_list:
(North America) A square- or crescent-shaped dumpling of unleavened dough, stuffed with sauerkraut, cheese, mashed potatoes, cabbage, onion, meat, or any combination of these, or with a fruit filling.


lexentry: eng/pietism__Noun__1
written_rep: pietism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пиетизм
sense_list:
(Christianity, often capitalized) A movement in the Lutheran church in the late 17th and 18th centuries, calling for practical and devout Christianity.


lexentry: eng/pig__Noun__1
written_rep: pig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свинья́ | бо́ров | свинья
sense_list:
(countable) Any of several mammalian species of the genus Sus or the family Suidae, having cloven hooves, bristles and a nose adapted for digging; especially the domesticated animal Sus domesticus.


lexentry: eng/pig__Noun__1
written_rep: pig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: свинья́
sense_list:
(engineering) A device for cleaning or inspecting the inside of an oil or gas pipeline, or for separating different substances within the pipeline. Named for the pig-like squealing noise made by their progress.


lexentry: eng/pig_in_a_poke__Noun__1
written_rep: pig in a poke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кот в мешке́
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something whose true value is concealed or unknown and may be lower than expected by the buyer or claimed by the seller, especially something offered for sale.


lexentry: eng/pig_iron__Noun__1
written_rep: pig iron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: переде́льный чугу́н
sense_list:
A type of crude, brittle iron shaped like a block, unsuitable for working but suitable for casting, commonly used as an industrial raw material.


lexentry: eng/pigeonhole__Noun__1
written_rep: pigeonhole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: отделе́ние для бума́г
sense_list:
One of an array of open compartments in a desk, set of shelves, etc., used for sorting and/or storing letters, papers, or other items.


lexentry: eng/pika__Noun__1
written_rep: pika
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пищу́ха
sense_list:
Any of several small, furry mammals, similar to guinea pigs, but related to rabbits, of the genus Ochotona, from the mountains of North America and Asia.


lexentry: eng/pike__Noun__1
written_rep: pike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пи́ка | пика
sense_list:
(military, historical) A very long spear used two-handed by infantry soldiers for thrusting (not throwing), both for attacks on enemy foot soldiers and as a countermeasure against cavalry assaults.


lexentry: eng/pilaf__Noun__1
written_rep: pilaf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плов | пила́в
sense_list:
A dish made by browning grain, typically rice, in oil and then cooking it with a seasoned broth, to which meat and/or vegetables may be added.


lexentry: eng/pilaster__Noun__1
written_rep: pilaster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пиля́стр | пиля́стра
sense_list:
(structural, _, architecture) A column or short wing wall attached to the foundation wall which provides lateral support, or to support a vertical load that does not fall on the foundation wall.


lexentry: eng/pile__Noun__1
written_rep: pile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: гальвани́ческий элеме́нт
sense_list:
A vertical series of alternate disks of two dissimilar metals (especially copper and zinc), laid up with disks of cloth or paper moistened with acid water between them, for producing a current of electricity; a voltaic pile, or galvanic pile.


lexentry: eng/pile__Noun__1
written_rep: pile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: сва́я
sense_list:
(architecture, civil engineering) A beam, pole, or pillar, driven completely into the ground, usually as one of a group that constitutes a foundation.


lexentry: eng/pile__Noun__2
written_rep: pile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сва́я
sense_list:
A large stake, or piece of pointed timber, steel etc., driven into the earth or sea-bed for the support of a building, a pier, or other superstructure, or to form a cofferdam, etc.


lexentry: eng/pile__Verb__1
written_rep: pile
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зава́ливать | завали́ть | нава́ливать | навали́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, often used with the preposition "up") To lay or throw into a pile or heap; to heap up; to collect into a mass; to accumulate


lexentry: eng/pile_driver__Noun__1
written_rep: pile driver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копёр
sense_list:
A machine for forcing a pile, a long beam, into the ground as part of the construction of a foundation; usually by raising a weight and then dropping it on the beam.


lexentry: eng/pilferage__Noun__1
written_rep: pilferage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разворовывание
sense_list:
The individual act or recurring practice of stealing items of low value, especially in small quantities, for which the legal term is petty theft.


lexentry: eng/pill__Noun__1
written_rep: pill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пилю́ля | табле́тка | пилюля
sense_list:
(broadly) A small, usually round or cylindrical object designed for easy swallowing, usually containing some sort of medication.


lexentry: eng/pill__Noun__1
written_rep: pill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[противозачаточный|противозача́точная]] [[табле́тка]] | пилюля
sense_list:
(informal, uncountable, definite, i.e. used with "the") Contraceptive medication, usually in the form of a pill to be taken by a woman; an oral contraceptive pill.


lexentry: eng/pill__Noun__1
written_rep: pill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: ка́тышек
sense_list:
(textiles) A small piece of any substance, for example a ball of fibers formed on the surface of a textile fabric by rubbing.


lexentry: eng/pill_bug__Noun__1
written_rep: pill bug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мокри́ца
sense_list:
(US) Any of very many terrestrial crustaceans, of the family Armadillidiidae, a subgroup of the woodlice, that can roll themselves up into a protective ball.


lexentry: eng/pillory__Noun__1
written_rep: pillory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: позо́рный столб
sense_list:
A framework on a post, with holes for the hands and head, used as a means of punishment and humiliation.


lexentry: eng/pillow_word__Noun__1
written_rep: pillow word
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эпитет
sense_list:
In Japanese waka poetry, a poetic device where a certain introductory phrase is commonly used to allude to something else.


lexentry: eng/pilot__Noun__1
written_rep: pilot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ло́цман | лоцман
sense_list:
A person who knows well the depths and currents of a harbor or coastal area, who is hired by a vessel to help navigate the harbor or coast.


lexentry: eng/pilot__Noun__1
written_rep: pilot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: пило́т
sense_list:
(television) A sample episode of a proposed TV series produced to decide if it should be made or not. If approved, typically the first episode of an actual TV series.


lexentry: eng/pimento__Noun__1
written_rep: pimento
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сладкий перец
sense_list:
A red sweet pepper, a cultivar of Capsicum annuum, used to make relish, stuffed into olives, or used as spice.


lexentry: eng/pimp__Noun__1
written_rep: pimp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сутенёр | кот | сво́дник | сво́дница | сво́дня
sense_list:
Someone who solicits customers for prostitution and acts as manager for a group of prostitutes; a pander.


lexentry: eng/pimpernel__Noun__1
written_rep: pimpernel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: о́чный цвет
sense_list:
Any of various plants of the genus Anagallis, having small red, white or purple flowers, especially the scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis). [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pimple__Noun__1
written_rep: pimple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прыщ | па́пула | пры́щик | пупы́рышек | у́горь
sense_list:
(dermatology) An inflamed (raised and colored) spot on the surface of the skin that is usually painful and fills with pus.


lexentry: eng/pin-up__Noun__1
written_rep: pin-up
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[фотогра́фия]] [[красотка|красо́тки]] | пин-а́п | пина́п
sense_list:
A photograph, printed in a magazine or other publication, of a sexually attractive person (often nude or provocatively dressed), and intended to be removed and pinned up on a wall.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
written_rep: pin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: була́вка | шпи́лька
sense_list:
A needle without an eye (usually) made of drawn-out steel wire with one end sharpened and the other flattened or rounded into a head, used for fastening.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
written_rep: pin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ке́гля | кегля
sense_list:
A slender object specially designed for use in a specific game or sport, such as skittles or bowling.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
written_rep: pin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: бро́шка | брошь
sense_list:
(US) A simple accessory that can be attached to clothing with a pin or fastener, often round and bearing a design, logo or message, and used for decoration, identification or to show political affiliation, etc.


lexentry: eng/pin__Noun__1
written_rep: pin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: клин
sense_list:
(chess) Either a scenario in which moving a lesser piece to escape from attack would expose a more valuable piece to being taken instead, or one where moving a piece is impossible as it would place the king in check.


lexentry: eng/pinafore__Noun__1
written_rep: pinafore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: передник
sense_list:
A sleeveless dress, often similar to an apron, generally worn over other clothes, and most often worn by young girls as an overdress.


lexentry: eng/pinball__Noun__1
written_rep: pinball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пинбо́л | пинбол
sense_list:
(games) A game, played on a device with a sloping base, in which the player operates a spring-loaded plunger to shoot a ball, between obstacles, and attempts to hit targets and score points.


lexentry: eng/pinch__Noun__1
written_rep: pinch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: щепо́тка | щепо́ть
sense_list:
A small amount of powder or granules, such that the amount could be held between fingertip and thumb tip.


lexentry: eng/pinch__Verb__1
written_rep: pinch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: аресто́вывать | арестова́ть | схва́тывать | схвати́ть
sense_list:
(horticulture) To cut shoots or buds of a plant in order to shape the plant, or to improve its yield.


lexentry: eng/pincushion__Noun__1
written_rep: pincushion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: игольница
sense_list:
(sewing) A device, originally like a small, stuffed cushion, designed to have sewing pins and needles stuck into it to store them safely; some modern pincushions hold the objects magnetically.


lexentry: eng/pine_nut__Noun__1
written_rep: pine nut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кедро́вый оре́х
sense_list:
The edible seed of any of several species of evergreen pine, especially Pinus pinea, Pinus cembra, and Pinus cembroides.


lexentry: eng/pineal_gland__Noun__1
written_rep: pineal gland
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шишкови́дная железа́ | эпифи́з
sense_list:
(anatomy, neuroanatomy) A small, pinecone-shaped endocrine gland found near the centre of the brain that produces melatonin.


lexentry: eng/pineapple__Noun__1
written_rep: pineapple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: анана́с | ананас
sense_list:
(uncountable) The flesh of a pineapple fruit used as a food item. | (slang) An Australian fifty dollar note.


lexentry: eng/pingo__Noun__1
written_rep: pingo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бугры пучения
sense_list:
(geomorphology) A conical mound of earth with an ice core caused by permafrost uplift, particularly if lasting more than a year. [from 1920s]


lexentry: eng/pinhole_camera__Noun__1
written_rep: pinhole camera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́мера-о́бскура
sense_list:
(photography) A simple lensless device for producing a photographic image, consisting of an enclosed box with film or some other flat photosensitive surface on one interior side and a tiny hole in the opposite side.


lexentry: eng/pinion__Verb__1
written_rep: pinion
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подрезать крылья
sense_list:
To cut off the pinion of a bird’s wing, or otherwise disable or bind its wings, in order to prevent it from flying.


lexentry: eng/pink__Verb__3
written_rep: pink
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барахли́ть
sense_list:
Of a motor car, to emit a high "pinking" noise, usually as a result of ill-set ignition timing for the fuel used (in a spark ignition engine).


lexentry: eng/pink_slime__Noun__1
written_rep: pink slime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[розовый|ро́зовая]] слизь
sense_list:
(paper manufacture) An undesirable pink-colored microbial mass occurring in the slurry used in making paper. [from 1951] | (colloquial, derogatory) A meat byproduct produced from scraps by heating and then treating with ammonia to produce a food additive. [from 2002]


lexentry: eng/pink_tea__Noun__1
written_rep: pink tea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Кашмирский чай | розовый чай
sense_list:
(uncountable, India, Pakistan) A hot drink from the Indian subcontinent with a pink colour, made with gunpowder tea, baking soda, and milk.


lexentry: eng/pinko__Noun__1
written_rep: pinko
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: роза
sense_list:
(informal, often, derogatory, chiefly, US) A socialist, particularly one who is not completely communist. [from mid-1930s]


lexentry: eng/pinna__Noun__1
written_rep: pinna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вне́шнее у́хо | ушна́я ра́ковина
sense_list:
(anatomy, zoology) The visible part of the ear in most therians that resides outside of the head, the auricle; outer ear excluding the ear canal.


lexentry: eng/pinniped__Noun__1
written_rep: pinniped
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ластоно́гий
sense_list:
Any of various large marine mammals belonging to the parvorder Pinnipedia comprising walruses, eared seals and earless seals.


lexentry: eng/pinocytosis__Noun__1
written_rep: pinocytosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пиноцито́з
sense_list:
(biology) A form of endocytosis in which material enters a cell through its membrane and is incorporated in vesicles for digestion.


lexentry: eng/pins_and_needles__Noun__1
written_rep: pins and needles
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пока́лывание
sense_list:
(informal) A tingling or prickling sensation, felt in a limb when a nerve compression is relieved and in other situations.


lexentry: eng/pint__Noun__1
written_rep: pint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пи́нта
sense_list:
16 US fluid ounces [473 millilitres] for liquids (a US liquid pint) or | A unit of volume, equivalent to:


lexentry: eng/pinwheel__Noun__1
written_rep: pinwheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: верту́шка
sense_list:
An artificial flower with a stem, usually plastic, for children: the flower spins round in the wind, like a small paper windmill.


lexentry: eng/pion__Noun__1
written_rep: pion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пио́н | пион
sense_list:
(particle) Any of three semistable mesons, having positive, negative or neutral charge, composed of up and down quarks/antiquarks.


lexentry: eng/pioneer__Noun__1
written_rep: pioneer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пионе́р | пионер
sense_list:
(military) A soldier detailed or employed to form roads, dig trenches, and make bridges, as an army advances; a sapper.


lexentry: eng/pioneer__Noun__1
written_rep: pioneer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: пионе́р | пионе́рка
sense_list:
(Communism) A member of a children’s organization operated by the Communist Party, typically in the second of three stages toward becoming a member of the Party itself.


lexentry: eng/pioneering__Adjective__1
written_rep: pioneering
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: новаторский
sense_list:
Involving accomplishments or activities that have not been done before, or developing or using new methods or techniques.


lexentry: eng/pip__Noun__2
written_rep: pip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́сточка | зёрнышко | се́мечко
sense_list:
(UK) A seed inside certain fleshy fruits, such as the stone (pit) of a stonefruit or the smaller seeds of an orange or apple. | (obsolete) A pippin, seed of any kind.


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
written_rep: pipe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ду́дка | жале́йка | свире́ль
sense_list:
(woodwind instrument) A wind instrument consisting of a tube, often lined with holes to allow for adjustment in pitch, sounded by blowing into the tube. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
written_rep: pipe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: труба́
sense_list:
(music) A tube used to produce sound in an organ; an organ pipe. [from 14th c.] | (especially in, _, informal, _, contexts) A water pipe.


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
written_rep: pipe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: труба́ | тру́бка
sense_list:
A rigid tube that transports water, steam, or other fluid, as used in plumbing and numerous other applications. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe__Noun__1
written_rep: pipe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: пайп
sense_list:
(lacrosse) One of the goalposts of the goal. | (computing, slang) A data backbone, or broadband Internet access. [from 20th c.] | (computing, typography) The character |. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe_bomb__Noun__1
written_rep: pipe bomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тру́бчатая бо́мба
sense_list:
An improvised explosive device consisting of blasting powder or other explosive material encased in a metal pipe to increase the blast effect.


lexentry: eng/pipe_dream__Noun__1
written_rep: pipe dream
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: возду́шные за́мки | несбы́точная мечта́
sense_list:
(idiomatic, originally, US) A desire or idea which is unlikely to materialize, or a plan which is unlikely to work; a near impossibility. [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipe_organ__Noun__1
written_rep: pipe organ
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: орга́н
sense_list:
(musical instrument) The largest of all musical instruments, played from an organ console. The organ produces its sound by sending air through organ pipes- either reed pipes or flue pipes, which are seated on wind chests. The valves controlling each pipe may be actuated electronically or using long wooden poles called trackers.


lexentry: eng/pipefish__Noun__1
written_rep: pipefish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: морска́я игла́
sense_list:
A small fish of subfamily Syngnathinae in the seahorse family, having a long thin body covered with partially ossified plates, the head long, and the jaws elongated so as to form a tubular snout.


lexentry: eng/pipeline__Noun__1
written_rep: pipeline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конве́йер
sense_list:
A channel (either physical or logical) by which information is transmitted sequentially (that is, the first information in is the first information out).


lexentry: eng/pipette__Noun__1
written_rep: pipette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пипе́тка | пипетка
sense_list:
(sciences) A small tube, often with an enlargement or bulb in the middle, and usually graduated, used for transferring or delivering measured quantities of a liquid. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pipeweed__Noun__1
written_rep: pipeweed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: запой
sense_list:
Any of a number of plants having thin and straight stems resembling pipes, often hollow or lacking branches.


lexentry: eng/pipit__Noun__1
written_rep: pipit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конёк | щеври́ца
sense_list:
Any of various small passerine birds, mainly from the genus Anthus, that are often drab, ground feeding insectivores of open country.


lexentry: eng/piquet__Noun__1
written_rep: piquet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пике́т
sense_list:
(card games) A game of cards for two people, with thirty-two cards, all the deuces, threes, fours, fives, and sixes being set aside.


lexentry: eng/piracy__Noun__1
written_rep: piracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пира́тство | пиратство
sense_list:
(crime, nautical) Robbery at sea, a violation of international law; taking a ship away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it.


lexentry: eng/piranha__Noun__1
written_rep: piranha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пира́нья | пиранья
sense_list:
(ichthyology) Any of certain freshwater fish of the subfamily Serrasalminae, native to South America; they are characterised by razor-sharp teeth and a reputation of being ferocious predators (despite most species being omnivorous).


lexentry: eng/pirate__Adjective__1
written_rep: pirate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пира́тский
sense_list:
Illegally imitated or reproduced, said of a trademarked product or copyrighted work, or of the counterfeit itself.


lexentry: eng/pirate__Noun__1
written_rep: pirate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пира́т | корса́р | пира́тка | флибустье́р
sense_list:
(crime) A criminal who plunders at sea; commonly attacking merchant vessels, though often pillaging port towns.


lexentry: eng/pirate__Noun__1
written_rep: pirate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пира́т | пират
sense_list:
(by extension) One who breaks intellectual property laws by reproducing protected works without permission.


lexentry: eng/pirate_perch__Noun__1
written_rep: pirate perch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пира́т-о́кунь
sense_list:
Aphredoderus sayanus, a North American freshwater fish of family Aphredoderidae: order Percopsiformes.


lexentry: eng/pirate_ship__Noun__1
written_rep: pirate ship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[пира́тский]] [[кора́бль]]
sense_list:
Any ship manned by pirates, especially a large wooden sailing ship armed with cannons and flying a Jolly Roger, as stereotyped in literature and film.


lexentry: eng/pirozhki__Noun__1
written_rep: pirozhki
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пирожо́к | пирожок
sense_list:
Small pastries filled with finely chopped meat, vegetables or fruit baked or fried, from eastern European cuisine, or a serving of these.


lexentry: eng/piss__Noun__1
written_rep: piss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бухло́ | по́йло
sense_list:
(countable, _, and, _, uncountable) Alcoholic beverage, especially of inferior quality. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/piss_off__Verb__1
written_rep: piss off
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive) To annoy, anger.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[вы́вести]] из [[себя́]] | [[выводи́ть]] из [[себя́]] | беси́ть | взбеси́ть | доста́ть | достава́ть


lexentry: eng/piss_oneself__Verb__1
written_rep: piss oneself
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обосса́ться | усса́ться
sense_list:
(slang, vulgar, literally) To wet oneself. | (slang, vulgar, figuratively) To be very scared (to the extent that one might lose control of one's bladder). | (slang, vulgar, figuratively) To laugh uncontrollably (to the extent that one might lose control of one's bladder).


lexentry: eng/pissaladière__Noun__1
written_rep: pissaladière
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: писсаладье́р
sense_list:
A pie from southern France, similar to pizza, without tomatoes or cheese, usually topped with onions, anchovies and black olives.


lexentry: eng/pistil__Noun__1
written_rep: pistil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́стик | пестик
sense_list:
(botany) A discrete organ in the center of a flower capable of receiving pollen and producing a fruit, it is divided into an ovary, style and stigma. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/piston__Noun__1
written_rep: piston
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: золотни́к | плу́нжер | по́ршень | уда́рник
sense_list:
(mechanics) A solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder, and moves under pressure (as in an engine) or displaces fluid (as in a pump)


lexentry: eng/piston_engine__Noun__1
written_rep: piston engine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поршнево́й дви́гатель
sense_list:
Any of several types of engine having cylinders containing reciprocating pistons, in which a crankshaft is turned by pistons moving up and down within cylinders; many internal combustion engines and many steam engines have such a mechanism.


lexentry: eng/pit__Noun__1
written_rep: pit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: я́ма | яма
sense_list:
Formerly, that part of a theatre, on the floor of the house, below the level of the stage and behind the orchestra; now, in England, commonly the part behind the stalls; in the United States, the parquet; also, the occupants of such a part of a theatre.


lexentry: eng/pitch-perfect__Adjective__1
written_rep: pitch-perfect
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: полный
sense_list:
(figurative) Utterly flawless and suitable with respect to appearance, atmosphere or tone, expression, or other characteristics.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
written_rep: pitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бросо́к
sense_list:
A throw; a toss; a cast, as of something from the hand. | (sports, UK, Australia, NZ) The field on which cricket, soccer, rugby, gridiron or field hockey is played. (In cricket, the pitch is in the centre of the field; see cricket pitch.) (Not often used in the US or Canada, where "field" is the preferred word.)


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
written_rep: pitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: питч | шаг
sense_list:
The distance between evenly spaced objects, e.g. the teeth of a saw or gear, the turns of a screw thread, the centres of holes, or letters in a monospace font.


lexentry: eng/pitch__Noun__2
written_rep: pitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: тангаж | дифферент
sense_list:
(nautical, aviation) The degree to which a vehicle, especially a ship or aircraft, rotates on such an axis, tilting its bow or nose up or down.


lexentry: eng/pitch_accent__Noun__1
written_rep: pitch accent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тональное ударе́ние | тоническое ударе́ние | тоновое ударе́ние
sense_list:
(phonology) Any of a variety of restricted tone systems that use variations in pitch to give prominence to a syllable or mora within a word. The placement of this tone or the way it is realized can give different meanings to otherwise similar words.


lexentry: eng/pitcher__Noun__2
written_rep: pitcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кувши́н
sense_list:
A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding liquids, with a spout or protruding lip and a handle; a water jug or jar with a large ear or handle.


lexentry: eng/pitcher_plant__Noun__1
written_rep: pitcher plant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: непентес
sense_list:
Any of various insectivorous plants of the genera Sarracenia, Darlingtonia, Heliamphora (in order Ericales); Nepenthes (in order Caryophyllales), or Cephalotus (in order Oxalidales) that have pitcher-like leaves or parts of leaves with slippery sides that attract and trap insects.


lexentry: eng/pitchfork__Noun__1
written_rep: pitchfork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ви́лы | вилы
sense_list:
An agricultural tool comprising a fork with sparse, light tines, attached to a long handle, used for pitching hay (especially loose hay) high up onto a stack (as on a wagon or haystack, or into a haymow).


lexentry: eng/pitchman__Noun__1
written_rep: pitchman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зазывала
sense_list:
A salesman, especially one who aggressively markets wares from a street stall, or a carnival or side show act.


lexentry: eng/pitchstone__Noun__1
written_rep: pitchstone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: смоляной камень
sense_list:
(geology) a natural glass, rich in microscopic crystallites, formed by the rapid cooling of lava or magma


lexentry: eng/pitfall__Noun__1
written_rep: pitfall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: западня́ | лову́шка | подводный камень
sense_list:
(figurative) A potential, unsuspected, hidden problem, hazard, or danger that is easily encountered but not immediately obvious.


lexentry: eng/pith__Noun__1
written_rep: pith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сердцеви́на
sense_list:
The soft, spongy substance inside plant parts; specifically, the parenchyma in the centre of the roots and stems of many plants and trees.


lexentry: eng/piton__Noun__1
written_rep: piton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ска́льный крюк
sense_list:
(climbing) A spike, wedge, or peg that is driven into a rock or ice surface as a support (as for a mountain climber).


lexentry: eng/pitot_tube__Noun__1
written_rep: pitot tube
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приёмник возду́шного давле́ния
sense_list:
(aviation) A pressure measuring instrument used to measure fluid flow velocity, especially used to determine the airspeed of an aircraft.


lexentry: eng/pituitary_gland__Noun__1
written_rep: pituitary gland
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипо́физ | мозгово́й прида́ток | питуита́рная железа́ | прида́ток мо́зга
sense_list:
(anatomy) An endocrine gland, about the size of a pea, that sits in a small, bony cavity at the base of the brain whose secretions control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation.


lexentry: eng/pivot__Noun__1
written_rep: pivot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ось | сте́ржень | центр [[вращение|враще́ния]] | шпень | шпинь | штырь
sense_list:
A thing on which something turns; specifically a metal pointed pin or short shaft in machinery, such as the end of an axle or spindle.


lexentry: eng/pivot__Noun__1
written_rep: pivot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[гла́вный]] пункт | [[ключево́й]] [[моме́нт]]
sense_list:
(figuratively, by extension) Something or someone having a paramount significance in a certain situation.


lexentry: eng/pivot_table__Noun__1
written_rep: pivot table
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сво́дная табли́ца
sense_list:
(computing) A summary table used for automatic sorting, counting and averaging of the data in another table or spreadsheet.


lexentry: eng/pizza__Noun__1
written_rep: pizza
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пицца | пи́цца
sense_list:
(uncountable) A baked Italian dish of a thinly rolled bread crust typically topped before baking with tomato sauce, cheese, and other ingredients such as meat or vegetables.


lexentry: eng/piñata__Noun__1
written_rep: piñata
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пинья́та
sense_list:
(Latin American culture) A doll or other decorated container that is filled with candy and hit with a hammer or a stick by blindfolded children during birthday parties or other celebrations until the candy falls out.


lexentry: eng/pla_ra__Noun__1
written_rep: pla ra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пла даєк | пла ра
sense_list:
A traditional Thai seasoning made by fermenting fish with rice bran or roasted rice powder and salt for a long period.


lexentry: eng/placard__Noun__1
written_rep: placard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: афи́ша | объявле́ние | плака́т
sense_list:
A sheet of paper or cardboard with a written or printed announcement on one side for display in a public place.


lexentry: eng/placate__Verb__1
written_rep: placate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: утихомиривать | умиротворя́ть | унимать | успока́ивать
sense_list:
(transitive) To calm; to bring peace to; to influence someone who was furious to the point that they become content or at least no longer irate.


lexentry: eng/place__Noun__1
written_rep: place
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дом | жили́ще
sense_list:
(often, in street names or addresses) A street, sometimes but not always surrounding a public place, square, or plaza of the same name. | (obsolete) A passage or extract from a book or document.


lexentry: eng/place__Noun__1
written_rep: place
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ме́сто | место
sense_list:
Any area of the earth: a region. | A location or position in space. | The position of a contestant in a competition. | The position as a member of a sports team.


lexentry: eng/place__Verb__1
written_rep: place
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: класть | положи́ть | помести́ть | помеща́ть | поста́вить | ста́вить
sense_list:
(ergative) To earn a given spot in a competition; to rank at a certain position ((often followed by an ordinal)).


lexentry: eng/place_mat__Noun__1
written_rep: place mat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подста́вка
sense_list:
A protective mat, usually heat-resistant, placed under a single person's tableware (including cutlery) at the dining table.


lexentry: eng/place_of_worship__Noun__1
written_rep: place of worship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[ку́льтовое]] [[сооруже́ние]]
sense_list:
A place, usually a building such as a church, mosque, synagogue or temple where believers can practise their faith.


lexentry: eng/place_setting__Noun__1
written_rep: place setting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конверт
sense_list:
Items of cutlery, crockery and glassware, and sometimes a place mat, arranged for a person at a dining table.


lexentry: eng/placebo_effect__Noun__1
written_rep: placebo effect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эффект плацебо
sense_list:
(medicine, especially, pharmacology) A phenomenon where a person's health improves after receiving a treatment that has no direct therapeutic mechanism.


lexentry: eng/placeholder__Noun__1
written_rep: placeholder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заполни́тель | ры́ба
sense_list:
Something used or included temporarily or as a substitute for something that is not known or must remain generic; that which holds, denotes or reserves a place for something to come later.


lexentry: eng/placement__Noun__1
written_rep: placement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: размеще́ние
sense_list:
The act of placing or putting in place; the act of locating or positioning; the state of being placed.


lexentry: eng/placenta__Noun__1
written_rep: placenta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: плаце́нта | после́д | семяно́сец
sense_list:
(botany) In flowering plants, the part of the ovary where ovules develop; in non-flowering plants where the spores develop.


lexentry: eng/placode__Noun__1
written_rep: placode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плако́д
sense_list:
(biology, anatomy, comparative anatomy) A platelike thickening of the epithelial layer of an embryo from which an organ, especially a sense organ, develops.


lexentry: eng/plagiarism__Noun__1
written_rep: plagiarism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плагиа́т | плагиат
sense_list:
(uncountable) Copying of another person's ideas, text, or other creative work, and presenting it as one's own, especially without permission; plagiarizing.


lexentry: eng/plagiarist__Noun__1
written_rep: plagiarist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плагиа́тор | плагиа́торша
sense_list:
One who plagiarizes; or lifts the words, writings, or ideas of another, and passes them off as his or her own, thus engaging in plagiarism; a literary thief


lexentry: eng/plagiarize__Verb__1
written_rep: plagiarize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[занима́ться]] [[плагиат|плагиа́том]] | спи́сывать | списа́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To use, and pass off as one's own, someone else's writing, speech, ideas, or other intellectual or creative work, especially in an academic context; to commit plagiarism.


lexentry: eng/plagioclase__Noun__1
written_rep: plagioclase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плагиокла́з
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of a group of aluminum silicate feldspathic minerals ranging in their ratio of calcium to sodium.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
written_rep: plague
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чума́ | чума
sense_list:
(often used with the, sometimes capitalized: the Plague) The bubonic plague, the pestilent disease caused by the virulent bacterium Yersinia pestis.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
written_rep: plague
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: мор | чума́ | пове́трие | эпиде́мия
sense_list:
(pathology) An epidemic or pandemic caused by any pestilence, but specifically by the above disease.


lexentry: eng/plague__Noun__1
written_rep: plague
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бе́дствие | беда́ | бич | казнь | напа́сть | наше́ствие
sense_list:
A widespread affliction, calamity, or destructive influx, especially when seen as divine retribution.


lexentry: eng/plague_doctor__Noun__1
written_rep: plague doctor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чумной доктор
sense_list:
(European history) A physician treating the bubonic plague, or employed simply to collect demographic and epidemiological data, especially one wearing protective clothing including goggles and a mask with a long bird's beak filled with aromatics to ward off the disease.


lexentry: eng/plaice__Noun__1
written_rep: plaice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: морска́я ка́мбала | камбала
sense_list:
Pleuronectes platessa (European plaice), commonly found in the North Sea and Irish Sea, with smooth brown skin and red or orange spots.


lexentry: eng/plaid__Noun__1
written_rep: plaid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: плед | [[шотла́ндский]] плед | шотла́ндка
sense_list:
A length of such material used as a piece of clothing, formerly worn in the Scottish Highlands and other parts of northern Britain and remaining as an item of ceremonial dress worn by members of Scottish pipe bands. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/plain_English__Noun__1
written_rep: plain English
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: простой английский
sense_list:
English that does not use any jargon or technical or scientific terminology; simple or easily comprehensible words or language, usually denoting a form restricted by good sense alone, as contrasted with a codified form via controlled natural language.


lexentry: eng/plainclothes__Adjective__1
written_rep: plainclothes
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражданский | штатский
sense_list:
(usually, of a police officer) Wearing ordinary civilian clothes instead of a uniform, in order to avoid detection.


lexentry: eng/plains-wanderer__Noun__1
written_rep: plains-wanderer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: австрали́йский стра́нник
sense_list:
Pedionomus torquatus, a small quail-like bird in the monotypic family Pedionomidae, endemic to south-eastern Australia.


lexentry: eng/plainsong__Noun__1
written_rep: plainsong
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: церковное пение
sense_list:
(music) A form of monophonic chant in unison using the Gregorian scale, sung in various Christian churches.


lexentry: eng/plaintiff__Noun__1
written_rep: plaintiff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: исте́ц | истец
sense_list:
(law, UK, _, historic, otherwise, current) A party bringing a suit in civil law against a defendant; accuser.


lexentry: eng/plan__Noun__1
written_rep: plan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: план | схе́ма | чертёж
sense_list:
A drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc.


lexentry: eng/plan__Noun__1
written_rep: plan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: план | чертёж
sense_list:
A two-dimensional drawing of a building as seen from above with obscuring or irrelevant details such as roof removed, or of a floor of a building, revealing the internal layout; as distinct from the elevation.


lexentry: eng/planche__Noun__1
written_rep: planche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кульман
sense_list:
(gymnastics) A position where the gymnast is horizontal and face-down, using only the hands as support.


lexentry: eng/plane__Noun__1
written_rep: plane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пло́скость | плоскость
sense_list:
(geometry) A flat surface extending infinitely in all directions (e.g. horizontal or vertical plane); a bounded portion thereof.


lexentry: eng/plane_angle__Noun__1
written_rep: plane angle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пло́ский у́гол
sense_list:
(geometry) An angle formed by two intersecting planes, measured by the angle between two intersecting straight lines that are in respective planes and perpendicular to the intersection of the planes.


lexentry: eng/planer__Noun__1
written_rep: planer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: руба́нок
sense_list:
(woodworking) A tool which smooths a surface or makes one surface of a workpiece parallel to the tool's bed.


lexentry: eng/planet__Noun__1
written_rep: planet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: планета | плане́та
sense_list:
(now, historical, or, astrology) Each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky—the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. [from 14thc.] | (astronomy, historical) Any body that orbits the Sun, including the asteroids (as minor planets) and sometimes the moons of those bodies (as satellite planets) | (astronomy, current) A body which is massive enough to be in hydrostatic equilibrium (generally resulting in being an ellipsoid) but not enough to attain nuclear fusion and, in IAU usage, which directly orbits a star (or multiple star) and dominates the region of its orbit; specifically, in the case of the Solar system, the eight major bodies of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. [from 2006]


lexentry: eng/planetarium__Noun__1
written_rep: planetarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: планета́рий | планетарий
sense_list:
A display museum in which images of stars and other astronomical phenomena are projected onto a domed ceiling.


lexentry: eng/planetary_nebula__Noun__1
written_rep: planetary nebula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: планета́рная тума́нность
sense_list:
(astronomy) A nebulosity surrounding a dying red giant, consisting of material expelled by the star.


lexentry: eng/planetesimal__Noun__1
written_rep: planetesimal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: планетезима́ль
sense_list:
(astronomy) Any of many small, solid astronomical objects that orbit a star and form protoplanets through mutual gravitational attraction.


lexentry: eng/plank__Noun__1
written_rep: plank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пункт програ́ммы
sense_list:
(figurative) A political issue that is of concern to a faction or a party of the people and the political position that is taken on that issue.


lexentry: eng/planner__Noun__1
written_rep: planner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ежедне́вник
sense_list:
A notebook or software in which one keeps reminders of items such as appointments, tasks, projects, and contacts.


lexentry: eng/planning_permission__Noun__1
written_rep: planning permission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: исхо́дно-разреши́тельная документа́ция
sense_list:
(Britain, construction, law) Legal permission granted by a government authority to construct on one's land, or to change the use of the land. [from mid 1940s]


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
written_rep: plant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: расте́ние | растение
sense_list:
(botany) An organism that is not an animal, especially an organism capable of photosynthesis. Typically a small or herbaceous organism of this kind, rather than a tree. | (botany) An organism of the kingdom Plantae. Now specifically, a living organism of the Embryophyta (land plants) or of the Chlorophyta (green algae), a eukaryote that includes double-membraned chloroplasts in its cells containing chlorophyll a and b, or any organism closely related to such an organism. | (ecology) Now specifically, a multicellular eukaryote that includes chloroplasts in its cells, which have a cell wall.


lexentry: eng/plant__Noun__1
written_rep: plant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: крот
sense_list:
Anyone assigned to behave as a member of the public during a covert operation (as in a police investigation).


lexentry: eng/plant__Verb__1
written_rep: plant
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сажа́ть | посади́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To place (a seed or plant) in soil or other substrate in order that it may live and grow.


lexentry: eng/plant__Verb__1
written_rep: plant
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: подки́дывать | подки́нуть | подкла́дывать | подложи́ть | устана́вливать | установи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To place (an object, or sometimes a person), often with the implication of intending deceit.


lexentry: eng/plantain__Noun__1
written_rep: plantain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подоро́жник | подорожник
sense_list:
A plant of the genus Plantago, with a rosette of sessile leaves about 10 cm (4") long with a narrow part instead of a petiole, and with a spike inflorescence with the flower spacing varying widely among the species. See also psyllium.


lexentry: eng/plantaris__Noun__1
written_rep: plantaris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подо́швенная мы́шца
sense_list:
(muscles) A muscle running at the posterior compartment of the calf from the knee to over the hump of the heel.


lexentry: eng/plantation__Noun__1
written_rep: plantation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: планта́ция | плантация
sense_list:
A large farm; estate or area of land designated for agricultural growth. Often includes housing for the owner and workers.


lexentry: eng/planter__Noun__1
written_rep: planter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плантатор
sense_list:
Any member of a similar landed class of (often wealthy) farm owners elsewhere, such as plantation owners whose lands are worked by farm workers, wage slaves, or slaves.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
written_rep: plaque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бля́ха | бля́шка
sense_list:
(countable) Any flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament, or for painting pictures upon, as a dish, plate, slab, etc., hung upon a wall; also, a smaller decoration worn by a person, such as a brooch.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
written_rep: plaque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: мемориа́льная доска́ | табли́чка
sense_list:
(countable) A piece of flat metal with writing on it, attached to a building, monument, or other structure to remind people of a person or an event.


lexentry: eng/plaque__Noun__1
written_rep: plaque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: зубно́й ка́мень
sense_list:
(uncountable, dentistry) An accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth, which may develop into dental calculus (tartar).


lexentry: eng/plasma__Noun__1
written_rep: plasma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пла́зма | плазма
sense_list:
(physics) A state of matter consisting of partially ionized gas and electrons. | (hematology) A clear component of blood or lymph containing fibrin.


lexentry: eng/plasma_acceleration__Noun__1
written_rep: plasma acceleration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[кильватерный|кильва́терное]] [[ускоре́ние]]
sense_list:
(physics) A method for accelerating electrically charged particles with a large-amplitude electron plasma wave.


lexentry: eng/plasma_accelerator__Noun__1
written_rep: plasma accelerator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[кильва́терный]] [[ускори́тель]] | [[пла́зменный]] [[ускори́тель]]
sense_list:
(physics) A particle accelerator that uses plasma as the medium of the accelerating field instead of a vacuum, to obtain a larger accelerating gradient.


lexentry: eng/plasmid__Noun__1
written_rep: plasmid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плазми́да
sense_list:
(cytology) A loop of double-stranded DNA that is separate from — and replicates independently of — the chromosomes; such loops are most commonly found in bacteria, but they are also sometimes found in archaeans and eukaryotic cells, and they are used in genetic engineering as a vector for gene transfer.


lexentry: eng/plasmon__Noun__1
written_rep: plasmon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плазмон
sense_list:
(physics, astronomy) The quantum of waves produced by the collective effects of large numbers of electrons when disturbed from equilibrium.


lexentry: eng/plaster__Noun__1
written_rep: plaster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: штукату́рка | гипс
sense_list:
(uncountable) A mixture of lime or gypsum, sand, and water, sometimes with the addition of fibres, that hardens to a smooth solid and is used for coating walls and ceilings; render, stucco.


lexentry: eng/plaster_cast__Noun__1
written_rep: plaster cast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипсовая повя́зка
sense_list:
(surgery) A cast made of a stiff material (often plaster of Paris and gauze) in order to immobilize a broken bone for the period of healing.


lexentry: eng/plaster_of_Paris__Noun__1
written_rep: plaster of Paris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алебастр
sense_list:
A hemihydrate of calcium sulfate, made by calcining gypsum, that hardens when moistened and allowed to dry; used to make casts, molds and sculpture.


lexentry: eng/plasterboard__Noun__1
written_rep: plasterboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гипсокарто́н
sense_list:
A construction material consisting of a rigid panel of several layers of fibreboard or paper bonded to a gypsum core.


lexentry: eng/plastic__Adjective__1
written_rep: plastic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ги́бкий
sense_list:
(biology) Capable of adapting to varying conditions; characterized by environmental adaptability. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/plastic__Noun__1
written_rep: plastic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пластик | пластмасса
sense_list:
(figurative, slang) Insincerity; fakeness; a person who is fake or arrogant, or believes that they are better than the rest of the population; a narcissistic, affected person.


lexentry: eng/plastic_art__Noun__1
written_rep: plastic art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изя́щные иску́сства
sense_list:
An art form which involves physical manipulation of a three-dimensional medium by moulding or modeling such as sculpture or ceramics.


lexentry: eng/plastic_bag__Noun__1
written_rep: plastic bag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[пла́стиковый]] [[паке́т]] | [[полиэтиле́новый]] [[паке́т]] | кулёк
sense_list:
A type of packaging made of thin, flexible, plastic film, starch, or plastic textile, used for containing and transporting food, waste, and consumer goods. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/plasticity__Noun__1
written_rep: plasticity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ги́бкость | пласти́чность | эласти́чность
sense_list:
The quality or state of being plastic. | (physics) The property of a solid body whereby it undergoes a permanent change in shape or size when subjected to a stress exceeding a particular value (the yield value).


lexentry: eng/plasticizer__Noun__1
written_rep: plasticizer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пластифика́тор
sense_list:
Any of various substances added to a material (such as plastic or concrete) in order to make it more pliable.


lexentry: eng/plastid__Noun__1
written_rep: plastid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пластид
sense_list:
(cytology) Any of various organelles found in the cells of plants and algae, often used for photosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/plastron__Noun__1
written_rep: plastron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пластро́н
sense_list:
The nearly flat part of the shell structure of a tortoise or other animal, similar in composition to the carapace.


lexentry: eng/plate__Noun__1
written_rep: plate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: блю́до | плакиро́вка | плакирова́ние
sense_list:
A layer of a material on the surface of something, usually qualified by the type of the material; plating


lexentry: eng/plate__Noun__1
written_rep: plate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 17
trans_list: пласти́нка
sense_list:
(dentistry) A shaped and fitted surface, usually ceramic or metal that fits into the mouth and in which teeth are implanted; a dental plate.


lexentry: eng/platelet__Noun__1
written_rep: platelet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тромбоци́т
sense_list:
(hematology, cytology) A small colorless disk-shaped particle found in the blood of mammals, which plays an important role in the formation of blood clots.


lexentry: eng/platen__Noun__1
written_rep: platen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пластина
sense_list:
(printing) The part of a printing press which presses the paper against the type and by which the impression is made. | The movable table of a planer or other machine tool, on which the work is fastened, and presented to the action of the tool.


lexentry: eng/platform__Noun__1
written_rep: platform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: перро́н | платфо́рма | по́диум | помо́ст | эстра́да
sense_list:
A raised floor for any purpose, e.g. for workmen during construction, or formerly for military cannon.


lexentry: eng/platform__Noun__1
written_rep: platform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: платфо́рма
sense_list:
(figurative) Something that allows an enterprise to advance. | (politics, figurative) A political stance on a broad set of issues, which are called planks. | (footwear, in the plural) Ellipsis of platform shoe (“a kind of high shoe with an extra layer between the inner and outer soles”). | (computing) Ellipsis of computing platform (“a particular type of operating system or environment such as a database or other specific software, and/or a particular type of computer or microprocessor, used to describe a particular environment for running other software”).


lexentry: eng/platform_edge__Noun__1
written_rep: platform edge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: край платфо́рмы
sense_list:
A special zone at the edge of the metro platform that passengers are not allowed to enter, except when the vehicle stands still and is available for getting in or out.


lexentry: eng/platitude__Noun__1
written_rep: platitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изби́тая фра́за
sense_list:
(countable) An often-quoted saying that is supposed to be meaningful but has become unoriginal or hackneyed through overuse.


lexentry: eng/platoon__Noun__1
written_rep: platoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: взвод
sense_list:
(military) A unit of thirty to forty soldiers typically commanded by a lieutenant and forming part of a company.


lexentry: eng/platypus__Noun__1
written_rep: platypus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: утконо́с | утконос
sense_list:
A semi-aquatic, egg-laying monotreme mammal with a bill resembling that of a duck, that has a mole-like body, a tail resembling that of a beaver, a waterproof pelt, and flat webbed feet – males have poisonous spurs on the inside of the back legs; Ornithorhynchus anatinus.


lexentry: eng/plausibility__Noun__1
written_rep: plausibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: вероятно
sense_list:
(now in more positive sense) The fact of being believable; believability, credibility. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/plausible__Adjective__1
written_rep: plausible
part_of_speech: adjective
sense_list: Seemingly or apparently valid, likely, or acceptable; conceivably true or likely.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[похо́жий]] на [[правда|пра́вду]] | аргументи́рованный | вероя́тный | правдоподо́бный | прие́млемый | состоя́тельный


lexentry: eng/plausible_deniability__Noun__1
written_rep: plausible deniability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: правдоподо́бное отрица́ние
sense_list:
(politics, business, military, espionage) The organization of clandestine activity in such a way that knowledge of its existence may be denied by those in authority.


lexentry: eng/play_God__Verb__1
written_rep: play God
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: играть Бога | играть в Бога
sense_list:
(intransitive, usually, _, derogatory) To act in ways commonly associated with or reserved for God, especially by scientific means, such as exercising omnipotence or excessive control over life and nature.


lexentry: eng/play__Noun__1
written_rep: play
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: игра́
sense_list:
(uncountable, sports, with certain prepositions, also figurative) The sphere or circumstance in which a playing implement, such as a ball, is available to be played (see also in play, out of play). | (uncountable) An individual's performance in a sport or game. | (uncountable, informal) Sexual activity or sexual role-playing.


lexentry: eng/play__Noun__1
written_rep: play
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: пье́са
sense_list:
(countable) A literary composition, intended to be represented by actors impersonating the characters and speaking the dialogue.


lexentry: eng/play__Verb__1
written_rep: play
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: игра́ть | играться | поигра́ть | играть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To act in a manner such that one has fun; to engage in activities expressly for the purpose of recreation or entertainment.


lexentry: eng/play__Verb__1
written_rep: play
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: играть
sense_list:
(transitive, of a person) To operate (a device or media) so as to cause sound (especially music) or moving pictures to be produced. | (AAVE, intransitive) To kid; to joke; to say something for amusement; to act, or to treat something, unseriously.


lexentry: eng/play_by_ear__Verb__1
written_rep: play by ear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[де́йствовать]] по [[обстоятельство|обстоя́тельствам]] | импровизи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive, and, intransitive, idiomatic) To do by guessing, intuition, or trial and error; to react to events as they occur, often with risk of negative outcomes; to improvise.


lexentry: eng/play_with_fire__Verb__1
written_rep: play with fire
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: игра́ть с огнём | играть с огнём
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To put oneself in a precarious situation with a high risk of getting harmed, particularly emotionally or financially.


lexentry: eng/playback_singer__Noun__1
written_rep: playback singer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зака́дровая исполни́тельница | зака́дровый исполни́тель
sense_list:
(singing, cinematography) A singer whose songs are pre-recorded for use in films, especially Bollywood musicals, where actors lip-sync them.


lexentry: eng/playbill__Noun__1
written_rep: playbill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: афиша
sense_list:
A poster advertising a theatrical performance. | A program/programme/pamphlet for a theatrical performance.


lexentry: eng/playboy__Noun__1
written_rep: playboy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гуля́ка | ловела́с | плейбо́й | пове́са
sense_list:
A single man, especially a wealthy one, who devotes himself to a life of leisure and pleasure, often sexual, without commitments or responsibilities.


lexentry: eng/player__Noun__1
written_rep: player
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пле́ер | прои́грыватель
sense_list:
(computing) A software application that plays audio or video media, such as a media player. | (electronics) An electronic device that plays audio or video media.


lexentry: eng/playground__Noun__1
written_rep: playground
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тская площа́дка | игровая площадка | детплоща́дка | шко́льный двор
sense_list:
(outdoors) A large open space for children to play in, usually having dedicated play equipment (such as swings and slides). [1780]


lexentry: eng/playground__Noun__1
written_rep: playground
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: игрова́я площа́дка
sense_list:
(figuratively) Any physical or metaphysical space in which a person or organization has free rein to do as they please.


lexentry: eng/playing_card__Noun__1
written_rep: playing card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: игра́льная ка́рта | ка́рта
sense_list:
(cards) Any of the usually 52 rectangular pieces of card used to play numerous games, featuring either one to 10 pips or a picture and belonging of one of four suits.


lexentry: eng/playlist__Noun__1
written_rep: playlist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: плейли́ст | спи́сок воспроизведе́ния
sense_list:
(computing) A list of tracks or videos to be played in a particular sequence, as from an audio CD or a streaming service.


lexentry: eng/playoff__Noun__1
written_rep: playoff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плей-офф
sense_list:
A final game in a series needed to break a tie. | (US) A short series of games to select a league champion.


lexentry: eng/plea_bargain__Noun__1
written_rep: plea bargain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сде́лка
sense_list:
(US, legal) An agreement in which a defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge instead of not guilty to a greater one


lexentry: eng/pleach__Verb__1
written_rep: pleach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: переплета́ть | сплета́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To unite by interweaving, as (horticulture) branches of shrubs, trees, etc., to create a hedge; to interlock, to plash.


lexentry: eng/please_repeat_after_me__Phrase__1
written_rep: please repeat after me
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: повторя́йте за мно́й, пожа́луйста
sense_list:
A request for the interlocutor to repeat what the speaker says next. Often used in language training.


lexentry: eng/please_say_that_again__Phrase__1
written_rep: please say that again
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
sense_list: Used as request for the interlocutor to repeat what he or she said previously.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
повтори́, пожа́луйста | повтори́те, пожа́луйста | скажи́ ещё раз, пожа́луйста | скажи́те ещё раз, пожа́луйста


lexentry: eng/please_sit_down__Phrase__1
written_rep: please sit down
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
sense_list: Offering a seat to somebody.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[садиться|сади́сь]], [[пожа́луйста]] | [[садиться|сади́тесь]], [[пожа́луйста]] | [[сесть|ся́дь]], [[пожа́луйста]] | [[сесть|ся́дьте]], [[пожа́луйста]]


lexentry: eng/please_turn_left__Phrase__1
written_rep: please turn left
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поверни́те нале́во, пожа́луйста
sense_list:
When giving directions to a person (for example, a taxi driver), indicates that he or she should turn left.


lexentry: eng/please_turn_right__Phrase__1
written_rep: please turn right
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поверни́те напра́во, пожа́луйста
sense_list:
When giving directions to a person (for example, a taxi driver), indicates that he or she should turn right.


lexentry: eng/pleasure__Noun__1
written_rep: pleasure
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (countable) A person, thing or action that causes enjoyment.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[плотский|пло́тские]] [[радость|ра́дости]] | наслажде́ние | ра́дость | развлече́ние | удовлетворе́ние | удово́льствие


lexentry: eng/pleasure_garden__Noun__1
written_rep: pleasure garden
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вокза́л
sense_list:
A park or garden that is open to the public for entertainment, typically including concert halls, bandstands, amusement rides, and zoos.


lexentry: eng/pleat__Noun__1
written_rep: pleat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скла́дка
sense_list:
(sewing) A fold in the fabric of a garment, usually a skirt, as a part of the design of the garment, with the purpose of adding controlled fullness and freedom of movement, or taking up excess fabric. There are many types of pleats, differing in their construction and appearance.


lexentry: eng/plebiscite__Noun__1
written_rep: plebiscite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плебисци́т | рефере́ндум
sense_list:
(law, politics) A direct popular vote on an issue of public importance, such as an amendment to the constitution, a change in the sovereignty of the nation, or some government policy.


lexentry: eng/plebiscitum__Noun__1
written_rep: plebiscitum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плебисцит
sense_list:
(Ancient Rome) A law enacted by the plebs, under the superintendence of a tribune or some subordinate plebeian magistrate, without the senate's intervention.


lexentry: eng/plectrum__Noun__1
written_rep: plectrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плектр | медиа́тор
sense_list:
(music) A small piece of plastic, metal, ivory, etc., for plucking the strings of a guitar, lyre, mandolin, etc.


lexentry: eng/plenipotentiary__Noun__1
written_rep: plenipotentiary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полномо́чный представи́тель | полпре́д | уполномо́ченный | уполномоченный
sense_list:
A person invested with full powers, especially as the diplomatic agent of a sovereign state, (originally) charged with handling a certain matter. [from c. 1645]


lexentry: eng/pleonastic__Adjective__1
written_rep: pleonastic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плеонасти́ческий
sense_list:
(uncomparable) Of, or relating to pleonasm. | (linguistics) Characterised by the use of redundant words or an excessive number of words.


lexentry: eng/pleophony__Noun__1
written_rep: pleophony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полногла́сие
sense_list:
(phonology) The phenomenon by which the Late Proto-Slavic "liquid diphthongs", formed from a vowel followed by a liquid *r or *l, become disyllabic -oro-, -ere- and -olo- reflexes in East Slavic languages.


lexentry: eng/pleroma__Noun__1
written_rep: pleroma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: плеро́ма
sense_list:
(Christianity) A state of perfect fullness, especially of God's being as incarnated in Jesus Christ.


lexentry: eng/pleroma__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: pleroma
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плеро́ма
sense_list:
(Gnosticism, historical) Often preceded by the: the spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God.


lexentry: eng/plesiosaur__Noun__1
written_rep: plesiosaur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плезиоза́вр
sense_list:
Any of the order †Plesiosauria of extinct marine reptiles, from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. [from c. 1840]


lexentry: eng/pleura__Noun__1
written_rep: pleura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пле́вра | плевра
sense_list:
(anatomy) Each of a pair of smooth serous membranes which line the thorax and envelop the lungs in humans and other mammals.


lexentry: eng/plexiglass__Noun__1
written_rep: plexiglass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[органический|органи́ческое]] [[стекло́]] | оргстекло́ | плексигла́с
sense_list:
polymethyl methacrylate (polymer of methyl methacrylate), a tough transparent plastic used sometimes in lieu of glass.


lexentry: eng/plicate__Adjective__1
written_rep: plicate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сборный
sense_list:
(biology) Folded multiple times lengthwise like a fan, usually lending stiffness to a flat structure such as a leaf; corrugated; pleated.


lexentry: eng/pliers__Noun__1
written_rep: pliers
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: щипцы́ | кле́щи | куса́чки | пассати́жи | плоскогу́бцы
sense_list:
A pincer-like gripping tool that multiplies the strength of the user's hand, often used for bending things.


lexentry: eng/plight__Noun__1
written_rep: plight
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: A dire or unfortunate situation. [from 14th c.]
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[трудный|тру́дное]] / [[бедственный|бе́дственное]] / [[отчаянный|отча́янное]] [[положе́ние]] / [[ситуа́ция]]


lexentry: eng/plimsoll__Noun__1
written_rep: plimsoll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кеды
sense_list:
(UK, Irish) A rubber-soled lace-up canvas shoe for sports or onboard ships; a precursor of trainers.


lexentry: eng/plodder__Noun__1
written_rep: plodder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: копу́н | копу́нья | копу́ша
sense_list:
A person who works slowly, making a great effort with little result; a person who studies laboriously.


lexentry: eng/plop__Noun__1
written_rep: plop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плеск
sense_list:
(countable) A sound or action like liquid hitting a hard surface, or an object falling into a body of water.


lexentry: eng/plot__Noun__1
written_rep: plot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сюже́т | фа́була
sense_list:
(narratology) The course of a story, comprising a series of incidents which are gradually unfolded, sometimes by unexpected means. [from 1640s]


lexentry: eng/plot__Noun__1
written_rep: plot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: за́говор | интри́га | сго́вор
sense_list:
A secret plan to achieve an end, the end or means usually being illegal or otherwise questionable. [from 1580s]


lexentry: eng/plot_twist__Noun__1
written_rep: plot twist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[поворо́т]] [[сюже́та]]
sense_list:
A change in the direction or expected outcome of the plot of a film, novel, or other narrative work.


lexentry: eng/plotter__Noun__1
written_rep: plotter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: графопострои́тель | пло́ттер
sense_list:
(computing) An output device that draws graphs and other pictorial images on paper, sometimes using attached pens.


lexentry: eng/plough__Noun__1
written_rep: plough
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плуг
sense_list:
(agriculture) A device pulled through the ground in order to break it open into furrows for planting.


lexentry: eng/plough__Verb__1
written_rep: plough
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: паха́ть | пахать
sense_list:
(joinery) To cut a groove in, as in a plank, or the edge of a board; especially, a rectangular groove to receive the end of a shelf or tread, the edge of a panel, a tongue, etc.


lexentry: eng/pluck__Verb__1
written_rep: pluck
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: игра́ть | перебира́ть | щипа́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, music) To play (a single string on a musical instrument) by pulling and then releasing it, such as on a guitar.


lexentry: eng/plug__Noun__1
written_rep: plug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ви́лка | ште́псельная ви́лка | ште́кер | ште́псель
sense_list:
(electricity) A pronged connecting device which fits into a mating socket, especially an electrical one.


lexentry: eng/plum__Noun__1
written_rep: plum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сли́ва | слива
sense_list:
An edible, fleshy stone fruit of Prunus domestica (European plum), often of a dark red or purple colour. [from 8th c.] | The fruit and its tree.


lexentry: eng/plumage__Noun__1
written_rep: plumage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: опере́ние
sense_list:
(ornithology, collective noun) Layer or collection of feathers covering a bird’s body; feathers used ornamentally; feathering.


lexentry: eng/plumb__Noun__1
written_rep: plumb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лот
sense_list:
A little mass of lead, or the like, attached to a line, and used by builders, etc., to indicate a vertical direction.


lexentry: eng/plumber__Noun__1
written_rep: plumber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: водопрово́дчик | санте́хник | водопроводчик
sense_list:
One who furnishes, fits, and repairs pipes and other apparatus for the conveyance of water, gas, or drainage.


lexentry: eng/plumbing__Noun__1
written_rep: plumbing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: санте́хника
sense_list:
The pipes, together with the joints, tanks, stopcocks, taps, and other fixtures of a water, gas, or sewage system in a house or other building.


lexentry: eng/plumbism__Noun__1
written_rep: plumbism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[отравле́ние]] [[свинец|свинцо́м]] | сатурни́зм
sense_list:
(medicine) A diseased condition, produced by the absorption of lead, common among workers in this metal or in its compounds, as among painters, typesetters, etc. Symptoms include lead colic, lead line, and wrist drop.


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
written_rep: plume
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перо́
sense_list:
(archaic, literary, and, poetic) A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration.


lexentry: eng/plume__Noun__1
written_rep: plume
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: плюма́ж | султа́н
sense_list:
(archaic, literary, and, poetic) A cluster of feathers worn as an ornament, especially on a helmet; a hackle.


lexentry: eng/plume__Verb__1
written_rep: plume
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[чи́стить]] пёрышки
sense_list:
(transitive, reflexive) Chiefly of a bird: to arrange and preen the feathers of, specifically in preparation for flight; hence (figurative) , to prepare for (something).


lexentry: eng/plume__Verb__1
written_rep: plume
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: хвали́ться
sense_list:
(transitive, reflexive, by extension) To congratulate (oneself) proudly, especially concerning something unimportant or when taking credit for another person's effort; to self-congratulate; to preen.


lexentry: eng/plummet__Noun__1
written_rep: plummet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отве́с | лот
sense_list:
(archaic, nautical) A piece of lead attached to a line, used in sounding the depth of water; a plumb bob or a plumb line.


lexentry: eng/plunger__Noun__1
written_rep: plunger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: плу́нжер | по́ршень | ска́лка
sense_list:
The sliding activator of an exploder, an electrical generator used to trigger electrical detonators such as blasting caps.


lexentry: eng/pluperfect_tense__Noun__1
written_rep: pluperfect tense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: давнопроше́дшее вре́мя | плюсквамперфе́кт | предпроше́дшее вре́мя
sense_list:
(grammar, of a verb) Tense of a verb used when referring to something that happened before a past setting or the imperfect; formed in English by adding had before the past participle of a verb, or by adding had been before the present participle of the verb.


lexentry: eng/plural__Noun__1
written_rep: plural
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мн. | мн. ч. | мно́жественное число́
sense_list:
(grammar, uncountable) The plural number. In English, referring to more or less than one of something.


lexentry: eng/plural__Noun__1
written_rep: plural
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: мно́жественное число́ | множественное число
sense_list:
(grammar, countable) A word in the form in which it potentially refers to something other than one person or thing; and other than two things if the language has a dual form.


lexentry: eng/plurale_tantum__Noun__1
written_rep: plurale tantum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плюра́лия та́нтум
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun (either in certain of its senses or in all its senses) that does not generally have a singular form.


lexentry: eng/pluralism__Noun__1
written_rep: pluralism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: плюрали́зм
sense_list:
(sociology) A social system that permits smaller groups within a society to maintain their individual cultural identities.


lexentry: eng/plus_sign__Noun__1
written_rep: plus sign
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: знак плюс | плюс
sense_list:
(arithmetic) The symbol + used to denote the operation of addition, to indicate that a number is positive, and so on.


lexentry: eng/plutino__Noun__1
written_rep: plutino
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плути́но
sense_list:
(astronomy) Any planetoid in the Kuiper belt whose orbit, like that of Pluto, has a resonance of 3:2 with that of Neptune.


lexentry: eng/plutonium__Noun__1
written_rep: plutonium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плуто́ний | плутоний
sense_list:
The transuranic chemical element with atomic number 94 and symbol Pu: a silvery-gray fissile radioactive actinide metal that tarnishes when exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/ply__Noun__1
written_rep: ply
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: полухо́д
sense_list:
(artificial intelligence, combinatorial, _, game theory) In two-player sequential games, a "half-turn" or a move made by one of the players.


lexentry: eng/ply__Verb__1
written_rep: ply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сгиба́ть | скру́чивать
sense_list:
(transitive, obsolete) To bend; to fold; to mould; (figuratively) to adapt, to modify; to change (a person's) mind, to cause (a person) to submit.


lexentry: eng/ply__Verb__2
written_rep: ply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: [[усе́рдно]] [[рабо́тать]] | по́тчевать
sense_list:
(intransitive, nautical, obsolete) To manoeuvre a sailing vessel so that the direction of the wind changes from one side of the vessel to the other; to work to windward, to beat, to tack.


lexentry: eng/pneumatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: pneumatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пневмати́ческий | пневматический
sense_list:
Of, relating to, or resembling air or other gases | Of or relating to pneumatics | Powered by, or filled with, compressed air


lexentry: eng/pneumococcus__Noun__1
written_rep: pneumococcus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пневмоко́кк
sense_list:
A gram-positive bacterium, Streptococcus pneumoniae, that causes pneumonia and other infectious diseases


lexentry: eng/pnictogen__Noun__1
written_rep: pnictogen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пниктоге́н
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any element from group 15 of the periodic table, which includes nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.


lexentry: eng/po-faced__Adjective__1
written_rep: po-faced
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: строгий
sense_list:
(British) Wearing a particularly stern and disapproving expression; humourless; priggish. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/poach__Verb__2
written_rep: poach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: перема́нивать | перемани́ть
sense_list:
(business, ambitransitive) To entice (an employee or customer) to switch from a competing company to one's own.


lexentry: eng/poacher__Noun__1
written_rep: poacher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: браконье́р | браконьер
sense_list:
A person who trespasses in order to take game illegally, one who poaches; a person who illegally takes animals or plants from the wild.


lexentry: eng/pochard__Noun__1
written_rep: pochard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ныро́к
sense_list:
Any of various diving ducks of the subfamily Aythyinae (genera Aythya and Netta), especially the common pochard, Aythya ferina.


lexentry: eng/pocket__Noun__1
written_rep: pocket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: лу́за
sense_list:
(sports, billiards, pool, snooker) An indention and cavity with a net sack or similar structure (into which the balls are to be struck) at each corner and one centered on each side of a pool or snooker table.


lexentry: eng/pocketbook__Noun__1
written_rep: pocketbook
part_of_speech: noun
trans_list:
[[карманный|карма́нная]] [[кни́га]] | [[кни́га]] [[небольшой|небольшо́го]] [[формат|форма́та]] | по́кет


lexentry: eng/podcast__Noun__1
written_rep: podcast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подка́ст | подкаст
sense_list:
A program, especially an audio program, produced on a regular basis, delivered over the Internet in a compressed digital format and designed for playback on computers or portable devices such as mobile phones. [from early 21st c.] | (loosely, by extension) An individual episode of such a program.


lexentry: eng/podfic__Noun__1
written_rep: podfic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подфи́к
sense_list:
(uncountable, fandom slang) Fan fiction read aloud and made into audio files available for streaming or download.


lexentry: eng/podiatrist__Noun__1
written_rep: podiatrist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подиа́тр
sense_list:
(medicine) A health care practitioner who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of foot ailments.


lexentry: eng/podium__Noun__1
written_rep: podium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́диум | возвыше́ние | платфо́рма
sense_list:
A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra or preaching at a pulpit; any low platform or dais.


lexentry: eng/podium__Noun__1
written_rep: podium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: по́диум
sense_list:
(sports, and, other competitions) A steepled platform upon which the three competitors with the best results may stand when being handed their medals or prize.


lexentry: eng/poetic_licence__Noun__1
written_rep: poetic licence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поэти́ческая во́льность
sense_list:
Any departure from convention or from factual accuracy taken by a writer to achieve a desired effect.


lexentry: eng/poetry__Noun__1
written_rep: poetry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: поэзия
sense_list:
(figurative) An artistic quality that appeals to or evokes the emotions, in any medium; something having such a quality.


lexentry: eng/pogo_stick__Noun__1
written_rep: pogo stick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́го-сти́к | тренажёр кузне́чик
sense_list:
A toy, used for hopping up and down on, consisting of a pole with a T-bar handle at one end, and spring-loaded footpads on the other.


lexentry: eng/pogost__Noun__1
written_rep: pogost
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пого́ст
sense_list:
(historical) A medieval administrative and territorial district in Russia, varying in size from tens to hundreds of villages.


lexentry: eng/poinsettia__Noun__1
written_rep: poinsettia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пуансе́ттия
sense_list:
A plant, Euphorbia pulcherrima, with rather small and insignificant flowers surrounded by large bright red leaves; native to Mexico and Central America and widely cultivated as a garden plant.


lexentry: eng/point-blank__Adjective__1
written_rep: point-blank
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: в упо́р
sense_list:
(ballistics) The distance between a firearm and a target where a projectile in flight is expected to strike the centre of the target without adjusting the elevation of the firearm.


lexentry: eng/point-to-point__Adjective__1
written_rep: point-to-point
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: точка-точка
sense_list:
(telecommunications) Employing a simple network topology with a dedicated link between two endpoints.


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
written_rep: point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пункт | то́чка
sense_list:
(mathematics, science) A zero-dimensional mathematical object representing a location in one or more dimensions; something considered to have position but no magnitude or direction. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
written_rep: point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: взгляд | мне́ние | то́чка
sense_list:
(automotive, mostly, in the plural) Either of the two metal surfaces in a distributor which close or open to allow or prevent the flow of current through the ignition coil. There is usually a moving point, pushed by the distributor cam, and a fixed point, and they are built together as a unit.


lexentry: eng/point__Noun__1
written_rep: point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пункт
sense_list:
(typography) a unit of measure equal to 1/12 of a pica, or approximately 1/72 of an inch (exactly 1/72 of an inch in the digital era). [from 19th c.] | An individual element in a larger whole; a particular detail, thought, or quality. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/point__Verb__1
written_rep: point
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ука́зывать | указа́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To extend the index finger in the direction of something in order to show where it is or to draw attention to it.


lexentry: eng/point_guard__Noun__1
written_rep: point guard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ба́за
sense_list:
(basketball) A guard who is usually the shortest of the five basketball positions, and specializes in handling the ball, distributing it to the other players and generally running the team's offense.


lexentry: eng/point_of_departure__Noun__1
written_rep: point of departure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: исходный пункт
sense_list:
(formal, figuratively) of abstract processes that can be compared to a voyage: initial circumstances. Frequent collocations include, but are not limited to:


lexentry: eng/point_of_inflection__Noun__1
written_rep: point of inflection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: то́чка переги́ба
sense_list:
(mathematics) A point on a curve at which the sign of the curvature changes; at this point the second derivative of the underlying function will be zero, but positive on one side and negative on the other.


lexentry: eng/point_of_no_return__Noun__1
written_rep: point of no return
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: то́чка невозвра́та
sense_list:
(aviation) The point in an aircraft's flight when there is insufficient fuel to reverse direction and return to the place of origin.


lexentry: eng/point_of_sale__Noun__1
written_rep: point of sale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́сса
sense_list:
(retail) The location at which payment for goods is made in an establishment that sells goods or services.


lexentry: eng/point_of_view__Noun__1
written_rep: point of view
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: то́чка зре́ния
sense_list:
An attitude, opinion, or set of beliefs. | (literary theory) The perspective from which a narrative is related.


lexentry: eng/point_out__Verb__1
written_rep: point out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ука́зывать | указа́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic) To identify among a group of similar subjects, or in a scene where the subject might not be readily seen or noticed, with a gesture of the body.


lexentry: eng/point_out__Verb__1
written_rep: point out
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (figuratively, idiomatic) To tell, remind, indicate.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[привле́чь]] [[внима́ние]] | [[привлека́ть]] [[внима́ние]] | напо́мнить | напомина́ть | ука́зывать | указа́ть


lexentry: eng/pointed__Adjective__1
written_rep: pointed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заострённый
sense_list:
(comparable) Sharp, barbed; not dull. | (comparable) Having a relevance to the matter at hand: pertinent, relevant. | (comparable, of a comment or inference) Directed negatively at a person or topic.


lexentry: eng/pointer__Noun__1
written_rep: pointer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́йнтер | стре́лка | указа́тель
sense_list:
A needlelike component of a timepiece or measuring device that indicates the time or the current reading of the device.


lexentry: eng/pointless__Adjective__1
written_rep: pointless
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бессмы́сленный
sense_list:
Having no prominent or important feature, as of an argument, discourse, etc. | Having no purpose; purposeless; unable to effect an aim.


lexentry: eng/pointlessness__Noun__1
written_rep: pointlessness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бессмы́сленность
sense_list:
(countable) The lack of meaning, purpose, or ideas; the characteristic or condition of being pointless.


lexentry: eng/points__Noun__2
written_rep: points
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стре́лка
sense_list:
(rail transport, UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) Movable rails which can be used to switch a train from one railway track to another.


lexentry: eng/poise__Verb__1
written_rep: poise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: изготавливаться
sense_list:
To hold (something) in equilibrium, to hold balanced and ready; to carry (something) ready to be used. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/poison_ivy__Noun__1
written_rep: poison ivy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ядови́тый плющ
sense_list:
Any of three ivy-like species of Toxicodendron, known for their ability to cause an itching rash and blistering for most people, through urushiol, an oil that is a skin irritant.


lexentry: eng/poisoned_chalice__Noun__1
written_rep: poisoned chalice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медве́жья услу́га
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something which is initially regarded as advantageous but which is later recognized to be disadvantageous or harmful; an apparently beneficial or benign instrument or scheme for causing death or harm.


lexentry: eng/poker__Noun__1
written_rep: poker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кочерга́ | кочерга
sense_list:
A metal rod, generally of wrought iron, for adjusting the burning logs or coals in a fire; a firestick. [from earlier 16th c.] | (historical) A tool like a soldering iron for making poker drawings.


lexentry: eng/poker_face__Noun__1
written_rep: poker face
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мо́рда кирпичо́м | по́кер-фе́йс
sense_list:
(poker) An impassive facial expression cultivated to prevent other players from determining whether one's actions in the game are the result of a quality hand, or of bluffing.


lexentry: eng/pokeweed__Noun__1
written_rep: pokeweed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лаконо́с | фитола́кка
sense_list:
A poisonous North American plant, Phytolacca americana, with reddish stems, broad leaves, clusters of white flowers, and dark purple berries.


lexentry: eng/polar__Adjective__1
written_rep: polar
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́люсный | поля́рный | полярный
sense_list:
(geography) Of, relating to, measured from, or referred to a geographic pole (the North Pole or South Pole); within the Arctic or Antarctic circles.


lexentry: eng/polar__Adjective__1
written_rep: polar
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поля́рный | полярный
sense_list:
(mathematics) Of a coordinate system, specifying the location of a point in a plane by using a radius and an angle.


lexentry: eng/polar_bear__Noun__1
written_rep: polar bear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бе́лый медве́дь | поля́рный медве́дь | белый медведь
sense_list:
A hypercarnivorous species of bear, Ursus maritimus, whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle.


lexentry: eng/polar_circle__Noun__1
written_rep: polar circle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поля́рный круг | полярный круг
sense_list:
(geography) Either of the two parallels of the Earth located at the latitude of 66° 33′ 44″ N and 66° 33′ 44″ S.


lexentry: eng/polar_coordinates__Noun__1
written_rep: polar coordinates
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: поля́рные координа́ты
sense_list:
(mathematics) The coordinates of a point in three-dimensional space, measured as its Cartesian distance from the origin, the angle measured from the z-axis to a line joining the point to the origin, and the angle measured counterclockwise from the x-axis to this line.


lexentry: eng/polar_night__Noun__1
written_rep: polar night
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полярная ночь
sense_list:
A period of continual darkness that occurs in winter in the polar regions of Earth, during which the sun never rises above the horizon.


lexentry: eng/polarity__Noun__1
written_rep: polarity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поля́рность
sense_list:
The separation, alignment or orientation of something into two opposed poles. | Either of the two extremes of such attributes. | (chemistry) The dipole-dipole intermolecular forces between the slightly positively-charged end of one molecule to the negative end of another or the same molecule. Wp


lexentry: eng/polarizability__Noun__1
written_rep: polarizability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поляризу́емость
sense_list:
(physics) The relative tendency of a system of electric charges to become polarized in the presence of an external electric field.


lexentry: eng/polaron__Noun__1
written_rep: polaron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полярон
sense_list:
(physics) The object (a quasiparticle) that results when an electron (or hole) in the conduction band of a crystalline insulator or semiconductor polarizes the lattice in its vicinity.


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__1
written_rep: pole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жердь | шест
sense_list:
Originally, a stick; now specifically, a long and slender piece of metal or (especially) wood, used for various construction or support purposes.


lexentry: eng/pole__Noun__2
written_rep: pole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: по́люс | полюс
sense_list:
A point of magnetic focus, especially each of the two opposing such points of a magnet (designated north and south). | (figuratively, by extension) Any of a small set of extremes; especially, either of two extremes that are possible or available. | (electricity) A contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves. | (complex analysis) For a meromorphic function f(z), any point a for which f(z) \rightarrow \infty as z \rightarrow a.


lexentry: eng/pole_star__Noun__1
written_rep: pole star
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поляри́ссима
sense_list:
(star) The star visible to the naked eye which was in the past, is now, or will be in the future nearest a celestial pole of a planet.


lexentry: eng/pole_vault__Noun__1
written_rep: pole vault
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прыжо́к с шесто́м | прыжок с шестом
sense_list:
(athletics) a jumping event contested in track and field which requires an athlete to carry a fiberglass pole down a runway, plant the pole into a vaulting box and vault over a fiberglass bar, landing on a matted pit


lexentry: eng/polemics__Noun__2
written_rep: polemics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полемика
sense_list:
The art or practice of making arguments or controversies. | The refutation of errors in theological doctrine.


lexentry: eng/polenta__Noun__1
written_rep: polenta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поле́нта
sense_list:
Any of various types and consistencies of a starchy accompaniment to a meal made from coarse maize-meal porridge, sometimes fried or grilled.


lexentry: eng/police__Noun__1
written_rep: police
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поли́ция | мили́ция | полиция
sense_list:
(North America, &, _, historical) A department of local (usually municipal) government responsible for general law enforcement.


lexentry: eng/police_box__Noun__1
written_rep: police box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(chiefly, British, dated) A telephone kiosk where members of the public may telephone the police. | A small community police station; a koban.

trans_list:
милице́йская бу́дка | милице́йский пост | милице́йский уча́сток | полице́йская бу́дка | полице́йский пост


lexentry: eng/police_officer__Noun__1
written_rep: police officer
part_of_speech: noun
trans_list:
полице́йский | [[офице́р]] [[полиция|поли́ции]] | [[сотру́дник]] [[полиция|поли́ции]] | коп | ляга́вый | мент


lexentry: eng/police_procedural__Noun__1
written_rep: police procedural
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: детектив
sense_list:
A subgenre of crime fiction which portrays the activities of a police force as they investigate crimes. Unlike in other types of crime fiction, the perpetrator may be known at the outset of the story.


lexentry: eng/police_state__Noun__1
written_rep: police state
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полице́йское госуда́рство
sense_list:
(usually, pejorative) A polity whose government exercises strict and repressive control of the people.


lexentry: eng/police_station__Noun__1
written_rep: police station
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[отделе́ние]] [[полиция|поли́ции]] | [[полице́йский]] [[уча́сток]]
sense_list:
A building serving as the headquarters of a branch of the police force, and sometimes as a temporary place of confinement for offenders.


lexentry: eng/policy__Noun__1
written_rep: policy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: курс | ли́ния | поли́тика
sense_list:
A principle of behaviour, conduct which an entity (government, organization, etc.) applies or seeks to follow, especially as formally expressed by an authoritative body. [from 15th c.] | Wise, advantageous, or politic conduct; prudence, formerly also with connotations of craftiness. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/poliomyelitis__Noun__1
written_rep: poliomyelitis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полиомиели́т
sense_list:
(pathology) Acute infection by the poliovirus, especially of the motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis and sometimes deformity.


lexentry: eng/politburo__Noun__1
written_rep: politburo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Политбюро́ | политбюро́
sense_list:
(communism, Marxism) The governing council and chief policymaking body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and other Marxist-Leninist political systems.


lexentry: eng/political__Adjective__1
written_rep: political
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полити́ческий | политический
sense_list:
Concerning or relating to politics, the art and process of governing. | (pejorative) Motivated, especially inappropriately, by political (electoral; or, more generally, power, standing, influence or conflict) calculation. | Of or relating to views about social relationships that involve power, standing, influence or conflict.


lexentry: eng/political_asylum__Noun__1
written_rep: political asylum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полити́ческое убе́жище | убе́жище
sense_list:
The protection, by a sovereign state, of a person who is persecuted in their own country for their political opinions or activity


lexentry: eng/political_commissar__Noun__1
written_rep: political commissar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комисса́р | политру́к
sense_list:
(communism, military) A supervisory political officer responsible for ideological education and organization.


lexentry: eng/political_economy__Noun__1
written_rep: political economy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полити́ческая эконо́мия | политэконо́мия
sense_list:
(economics, politics) Interdisciplinary studies drawing upon economics, law, and political science in explaining how political institutions, the political environment, and the economic system — capitalist, socialist, mixed, and so on — influence each other.


lexentry: eng/political_opposition__Noun__1
written_rep: political opposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оппозиция
sense_list:
A recognized political party or group of parties in multiparty political systems that is present in Parliament or some other legislative body and does not control the floor (usually due to being in the minority).


lexentry: eng/political_party__Noun__1
written_rep: political party
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[политический|полити́ческая]] [[па́ртия]] | па́ртия | политформирование
sense_list:
A political organization that subscribes to a certain ideology and seeks to attain political power through representation in government.


lexentry: eng/political_prisoner__Noun__1
written_rep: political prisoner
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: A person imprisoned for their political views or political activism.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
политзаключённый | [[полити́ческий]] заключённый | [[политический|полити́ческая]] заключённая | политзаключённая | политзэ́к | у́зник со́вести


lexentry: eng/political_risk__Noun__1
written_rep: political risk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полити́ческий риск
sense_list:
(finance) Any financial or other risk that stems from the possibility of a nation changing its policies.


lexentry: eng/political_spectrum__Noun__1
written_rep: political spectrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: политический спектр
sense_list:
The various political viewpoints represented as a continuum, ranging from the extreme left to the extreme right.


lexentry: eng/polity__Noun__1
written_rep: polity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[фо́рма]] [[правление|правле́ния]] | режи́м | строй | устро́йство
sense_list:
(politics, religion, usually, uncountable) Organizational structure and governance, especially of a state or a religion.


lexentry: eng/pollination__Noun__1
written_rep: pollination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: опыле́ние | опыление
sense_list:
(botany) The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma; effected by insects, birds, bats and the wind etc.


lexentry: eng/polling_station__Noun__1
written_rep: polling station
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[избира́тельный]] [[уча́сток]]
sense_list:
(Britain, Canada, Australia) a place where voters go to cast their ballot in an election or referendum; a voting station


lexentry: eng/pollution__Noun__1
written_rep: pollution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: загрязне́ние | загрязнение
sense_list:
Physical contamination, now especially the contamination of the environment by harmful substances, or by disruptive levels of noise, light etc. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pollution__Noun__1
written_rep: pollution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: поллю́ция
sense_list:
(now, archaic) The ejaculation of semen outside of sexual intercourse, especially a nocturnal emission. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/polo__Noun__1
written_rep: polo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́ло | поло
sense_list:
(uncountable) A ball game where two teams of players on horseback use long-handled mallets to propel the ball along the ground and into their opponent's goal.


lexentry: eng/polo_shirt__Noun__1
written_rep: polo shirt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́ло
sense_list:
A casual, usually short-sleeved, shirt with a protruding collar and a small number of buttons extending a short distance below the collar (and not all the way down the front of the shirt).


lexentry: eng/polonaise__Noun__1
written_rep: polonaise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полоне́з
sense_list:
(dance) A stately Polish dance in triple time and moderate tempo. | (music genre) Music for this dance.


lexentry: eng/poltergeist__Noun__1
written_rep: poltergeist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полтерге́йст | полтергейст
sense_list:
(parapsychology) An unseen ghost which makes noises and causes disruption, especially by causing physical objects to move or fly about.


lexentry: eng/polyamide__Noun__1
written_rep: polyamide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полиамид
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of a range of polymers containing amide (or peptide) repeat units; examples include proteins and nylon.


lexentry: eng/polyamory__Noun__1
written_rep: polyamory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полиамо́рия | полиамория
sense_list:
Any of various practices involving romantic or sexual relationships with multiple partners with the knowledge and consent of all involved.


lexentry: eng/polyandry__Noun__1
written_rep: polyandry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: многому́жество | полиа́ндрия | полиандрия
sense_list:
The having of a plurality of husbands at the same time; usually, the marriage of a woman to more than one man, or the practice of having several husbands, at the same time.


lexentry: eng/polycarbonate__Noun__1
written_rep: polycarbonate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поликарбонаты
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of a range of polymers of aromatic carbonates; they are used to make light, flexible alternatives to glass. Abbreviation: PC


lexentry: eng/polycondensation__Noun__1
written_rep: polycondensation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поликонденса́ция
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any condensation reaction, of a monomer having two functional groups, which leads to the formation of a polymer (a polycondensate).


lexentry: eng/polycystic_ovary_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: polycystic ovary syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: синдром поликистозных яичников
sense_list:
(medicine) A syndrome characterised by polycystic ovaries, menstrual disturbance, and high levels of androgens or insulin.


lexentry: eng/polydactyly__Noun__1
written_rep: polydactyly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полидактилия
sense_list:
(medicine, teratology) A congenital condition in which a person or animal has more than the usual number of digits (fingers or toes) on at least one of their hands or feet.


lexentry: eng/polyethylene__Noun__1
written_rep: polyethylene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полиэтиле́н | полиэтилен
sense_list:
(organic compound) A polymer consisting of many ethylene monomers bonded together; used for kitchenware, containers etc.


lexentry: eng/polyethylene_terephthalate__Noun__1
written_rep: polyethylene terephthalate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ПЭТ | ПЭТФ | полиэтиле́нтерефтала́т
sense_list:
(organic compound) A thermoplastic resin of the polyester family used particularly in the manufacture of plastic bottles (PET) and fabrics (Terylene).


lexentry: eng/polygamy__Noun__1
written_rep: polygamy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: многобра́чие | полигами́я | полигамия
sense_list:
(often, especially in common use) Synonym of polygyny (“marriage of a man to more than one wife, the practice of having several wives at the same time”).


lexentry: eng/polyglot__Noun__1
written_rep: polyglot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полигло́тта
sense_list:
A publication in several languages; specifically, a book (especially a bible) containing several versions of the same subject matter or text in several languages.


lexentry: eng/polygon_mesh__Noun__1
written_rep: polygon mesh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ячея
sense_list:
(computer graphics) A collection of vertices, edges and faces that defines the shape of a polyhedral object.


lexentry: eng/polygonum__Noun__1
written_rep: polygonum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: горец
sense_list:
(botany) Any of many plants, of the family Polygonaceae, embracing a large number of species, including bistort, knotweed, smartweed, etc.


lexentry: eng/polygyny__Noun__1
written_rep: polygyny
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: многожёнство | полигини́я
sense_list:
The state or practice of having several wives at the same time; plurality of wives; marriage to several wives.


lexentry: eng/polylectic__Adjective__1
written_rep: polylectic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полилектический
sense_list:
(entomology) Of or relating to an insect (especially a bee) which collects pollen from the flowers of a variety of unrelated plants.


lexentry: eng/polymer__Noun__1
written_rep: polymer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полиме́р | полимер
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) A long or larger molecule consisting of a chain or network of many repeating units, formed by chemically bonding together many identical or similar small molecules called monomers. A polymer is formed by polymerization, the joining of many monomer molecules. | A material consisting of such polymer molecules.


lexentry: eng/polymerase__Noun__1
written_rep: polymerase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полимераза
sense_list:
(enzyme) Any of various enzymes that catalyze the formation of polymers of DNA or RNA using an existing strand of RNA or DNA respectively as a template.


lexentry: eng/polymerase_chain_reaction__Noun__1
written_rep: polymerase chain reaction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полимера́зная цепна́я реа́кция
sense_list:
(genetics, molecular biology, organic chemistry) A technique in molecular biology for creating multiple copies of DNA from a sample; used in genetic fingerprinting etc.


lexentry: eng/polymerization__Noun__1
written_rep: polymerization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полимериза́ция
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) The chemical process, normally with the aid of a catalyst, to form a polymer by bonding together multiple identical units (monomers).


lexentry: eng/polymethyl_methacrylate__Noun__1
written_rep: polymethyl methacrylate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оргстекло́ | плексигла́с
sense_list:
(organic compound) A thermoplastic transparent plastic manufactured by the polymerization of methyl methacrylate, often used in place of glass - it being lighter, softer and not shattering on impact.


lexentry: eng/polymethyl_methyacrylate__Noun__1
written_rep: polymethyl methyacrylate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[органический|органи́ческое]] [[стекло́]] | оргстекло́ | плексигла́с
sense_list:
(chemistry) A tough, transparent thermoplastic polymer of methyl methyacrylate; it is used as a substitute for glass under the proprietary names of Perspex, Plexiglass and Lucite


lexentry: eng/polymorphism__Noun__1
written_rep: polymorphism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: полиморфизм
sense_list:
(biology) The coexistence, in the same locality, of two or more distinct forms independent of sex, not connected by intermediate gradations, but produced from common parents. | (object-oriented programming) A feature pertaining to the dynamic treatment of data elements based on their type, allowing for a method to have several definitions. | (mathematics, type theory) The property of certain typed formal systems of allowing for the use of type variables and binders/quantifiers over those type variables; likewise, the property of certain expressions (within such typed formal systems) of making use of at least one such typed variable. | (crystallography) The ability of a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure; pleomorphism.


lexentry: eng/polynomial__Noun__1
written_rep: polynomial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: многочле́н | многочлен | полином
sense_list:
(algebra, strict sense) An expression consisting of a sum of a finite number of terms, each term being the product of a constant coefficient and one or more variables raised to a non-negative integer power, such as a_n x^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} + ... + a_0 x^0.


lexentry: eng/polynya__Noun__1
written_rep: polynya
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лу́нка | полынья́ | про́рубь | прота́лина
sense_list:
(hydrology, oceanography) A naturally formed transient area of open water surrounded by sea ice, especially in polar or subpolar seas. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/polyomino__Noun__1
written_rep: polyomino
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полими́но
sense_list:
(geometry) A plane polyform made by joining one or more squares edge to edge in various arrangements; a similar polyform made from triangles or hexagons (or any polygon that can tile a plane)


lexentry: eng/polyp__Noun__1
written_rep: polyp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поли́п | полип
sense_list:
(medicine) An abnormal growth protruding from a mucous membrane. | (zoology) A cylindrical coelenterate, such as the hydra, having a mouth surrounded with tentacles.


lexentry: eng/polyphony__Noun__1
written_rep: polyphony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: многоголо́сие | полифони́я
sense_list:
(music) Musical texture consisting of several independent melodic voices, as opposed to music with just one voice (monophony) or music with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords (homophony).


lexentry: eng/polypropylene__Noun__1
written_rep: polypropylene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полипропиле́н
sense_list:
A thermoplastic resin made by the polymerization of propylene, and used for films, fibres, or moulding materials.


lexentry: eng/polyptoton__Noun__1
written_rep: polyptoton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: многопаде́жие | полиптотон
sense_list:
(rhetoric) A stylistic scheme in which words from the same root are used together, or a word is repeated in a different inflection or case.


lexentry: eng/polysemy__Noun__1
written_rep: polysemy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: многозна́чность | полисеми́я
sense_list:
(semantics) The quality characteristic of a polyseme, a sign (such as a word or symbol) that has multiple meanings (senses), often including multiple similar ones.


lexentry: eng/polysurgery__Noun__1
written_rep: polysurgery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полихирурги́я
sense_list:
(medicine) Multiple surgical operations, especially when part of a morbid condition where the patient desires unnecessary surgery.


lexentry: eng/polysynthetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: polysynthetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полисинтети́ческий
sense_list:
(grammar, of languages) Characterized by a prevalence of relatively long words containing a large number of morphemes. Typically, the morphemes are bound.


lexentry: eng/polytechnic__Noun__1
written_rep: polytechnic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: политехнический
sense_list:
(UK, dated) An educational institute that teaches applied arts and sciences rather than academic subjects.


lexentry: eng/polytope__Noun__1
written_rep: polytope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полито́п
sense_list:
(geometry) A geometric shape (of any number of dimensions) which is fully enclosed and has flat sides, making it a member of the generalized class of shapes which includes the two-dimensional polygon and three-dimensional polyhedron; (formally) a finite region of n-dimensional space bounded by hyperplanes.


lexentry: eng/polyunsaturated_fat__Noun__1
written_rep: polyunsaturated fat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полиненасы́щенный жир
sense_list:
(fatty acid) A fat or oil, almost exclusively from vegetable sources, containing a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids.


lexentry: eng/polyurethane__Noun__1
written_rep: polyurethane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полиурета́н
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of various polymeric resins containing urethane links; used in very many industrial and domestic applications.


lexentry: eng/polyvinyl_chloride__Noun__1
written_rep: polyvinyl chloride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поливинилхлорид
sense_list:
A thermoplastic resin produced by the polymerization of vinyl chloride; used as an electrical insulator and in many other applications. Can be compounded into flexible and rigid forms through the use of plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers and other modifiers.


lexentry: eng/pomander__Noun__1
written_rep: pomander
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: помандер
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, historical) A mixture of aromatic substances, made into a ball and carried by a person to impart a sweet smell or as a protection against infection. [from late 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pomegranate__Noun__1
written_rep: pomegranate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: грана́т | гранат
sense_list:
The fruit of the Punica granatum, about the size of an orange with a thick, hard, reddish skin enclosing many seeds, each with an edible pink or red pulp tasting both sweet and tart.


lexentry: eng/pomelo__Noun__1
written_rep: pomelo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поме́ло
sense_list:
The large fruit of the Citrus maxima (syn. C. grandis), native to South Asia and Southeast Asia, with a thick green or yellow rind, a thick white pith, and semi-sweet translucent pale flesh. | The tree which produces this fruit.


lexentry: eng/pommel_horse__Noun__1
written_rep: pommel horse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: козёл | конь
sense_list:
An apparatus for gymnastic exercises with a cylindrical body covered with leather and two upright pommels, as hand grips, near the centre; held upright with adjustable legs.


lexentry: eng/pompadour__Noun__1
written_rep: pompadour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: банан
sense_list:
A women's hairstyle in which the hair is swept upwards from the face and worn high over the forehead.


lexentry: eng/pompom__Noun__1
written_rep: pompom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пипидастр
sense_list:
A decorative ball made of pieces of soft fabric, tinsel, plastic, or paper streamers bound at the center, most notably held, waved, and shaken in cheerleading.


lexentry: eng/pompon__Noun__1
written_rep: pompon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: помпо́н
sense_list:
A bundle of yarn, string, ribbon, etc. tied in the middle and left loose at the ends, so as to form a puff or ball, as for decoration or a showy prop for cheerleading.


lexentry: eng/pondweed__Noun__1
written_rep: pondweed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рдест
sense_list:
opposite-leaved pondweed, Groenlandia densa, only plant of its genus, found chiefly in the Mediterranean region.


lexentry: eng/poniard__Noun__1
written_rep: poniard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кинжа́л
sense_list:
(now, chiefly, historical) A dagger typically having a slender square or triangular blade. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pons__Noun__1
written_rep: pons
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мост
sense_list:
(anatomy) A bridge-like tissue connecting two parts of an organ. | (neuroanatomy) A band of nerve fibres, from the Latin term pōns Varoliī, within the brain stem.


lexentry: eng/pontoon__Noun__1
written_rep: pontoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: понто́н | понтон
sense_list:
A flat-bottomed boat or other floating structure used as a buoyant support for a temporary bridge, dock or landing stage.


lexentry: eng/ponytail__Noun__1
written_rep: ponytail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́нский хвост | хво́стик | конский хвост
sense_list:
A hairstyle where the hair is pulled back and tied into a single "tail" which hangs down behind the head.


lexentry: eng/pood__Noun__1
written_rep: pood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пуд
sense_list:
An obsolete Russian unit of mass, equal to 40 Russian funt, or about 16.38 kg (approximately 36.11 pounds).


lexentry: eng/poodle__Noun__1
written_rep: poodle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пу́дель | пудель
sense_list:
A breed of dog originating in Europe as hunting dogs, and having heavy, curly coat in a solid color; their shoulder height indicates their classification as standard, medium, miniature, or toy.


lexentry: eng/pool__Noun__1
written_rep: pool
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лу́жа | пул | фонд
sense_list:
A small and rather deep area of (usually) fresh water, as one supplied by a spring, or occurring in the course of a stream or river; a reservoir for water.


lexentry: eng/pool_noodle__Noun__1
written_rep: pool noodle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: картофель фри
sense_list:
A long, slender tube or rod, extruded from buoyant foam and usually brightly coloured, used as an exercise tool or toy in swimming pools.


lexentry: eng/poorly__Adverb__1
written_rep: poorly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бедно
sense_list:
In a poor manner or condition; without plenty, or sufficiency, or suitable provision for comfort. | With little or no success; indifferently; with little profit or advantage.


lexentry: eng/pop-up__Noun__1
written_rep: pop-up
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: эфемерный
sense_list:
(baseball) A pop-up ball: a ball that has been hit to a considerable height above the infield or the shallow outfield; a pop fly. | A folded paper element which pops up from a book, greeting card, etc. | A business that opens for a brief temporary period only, such as a temporary restaurant.


lexentry: eng/pop__Noun__1
written_rep: pop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлопо́к
sense_list:
(countable) A loud, sharp sound, as of a cork coming out of a bottle, especially when the contents are pressurized by fizziness.


lexentry: eng/pop__Noun__1
written_rep: pop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: газиро́вка | лимона́д
sense_list:
(uncountable, regional, Midwest US, Canada, Inland North, Midlands, Northwestern US) An effervescent or fizzy drink, most frequently nonalcoholic; soda pop.


lexentry: eng/pop__Verb__1
written_rep: pop
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ло́паться | ло́пнуть | сова́ть | су́нуть | хло́пать | хло́пнуть
sense_list:
(transitive, UK, AU) To place (something) (somewhere); to move or position (something) with a short movement.


lexentry: eng/pop_art__Noun__1
written_rep: pop art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поп-а́рт
sense_list:
(arts) A genre of art that uses elements of popular culture, often using techniques from commercial art and advertising.


lexentry: eng/pop_music__Noun__1
written_rep: pop music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поп | поп-му́зыка | попса́ | эстра́дная му́зыка
sense_list:
Music intended for or accepted by a wide audience, usually with a commercial basis and distinguished from other genres such as classical music and folk music, and nowadays also from rock music.


lexentry: eng/poplit__Noun__1
written_rep: poplit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голяшка
sense_list:
The shallow depression (fossa) located at the back of the knee joint; the popliteal fossa or knee pit.


lexentry: eng/popliteus__Noun__1
written_rep: popliteus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подколе́нная мы́шца
sense_list:
(anatomy) A small muscle at the back of the knee that aids in bending the knee and in the rotation of the lower leg.


lexentry: eng/poppy__Noun__1
written_rep: poppy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мак
sense_list:
Any plant of the genus Papaver or the family Papaveraceae, with crumpled, often red, petals and a milky juice having narcotic properties; especially a common poppy or corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas) which has orange-red flowers; the flower of such a plant. | (chiefly, Australia, Britain, Canada) A simple artificial poppy flower worn in a buttonhole or displayed in other contexts to remember those who died in the two World Wars and other armed conflicts, especially around Remembrance Day/Remembrance Sunday.


lexentry: eng/popsicle__Noun__1
written_rep: popsicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[фрукто́вый]] лёд | [[фруктовый|фрукто́вое]] [[моро́женое]]
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, US, Canada) Frozen fruit juice, flavored sugar water, or the like, on a stick, of a size to be one serving.


lexentry: eng/popular_culture__Noun__1
written_rep: popular culture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ма́ссовая культу́ра | поп-культу́ра
sense_list:
The prevailing vernacular culture in any given society, including art, cooking, clothing/fashion, entertainment, fads, films, mass media, music, sports, and style.


lexentry: eng/popular_music__Noun__1
written_rep: popular music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[популярный|популя́рная]] [[му́зыка]] | поп | поп-му́зыка | попса́
sense_list:
(music) Any genre of music that has wide appeal amongst the general public of a society, typically distributed widely by the music industry; typically as seen in contrast to classical music and folk music.


lexentry: eng/popular_science__Noun__1
written_rep: popular science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: научпо́п
sense_list:
An interpretation of science intended for a general audience, rather than for other scientists or students.


lexentry: eng/popular_science__Noun__1
written_rep: popular science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: нау́чно-популя́рный
sense_list:
(attributive) Of, or having to do with science, but aimed at ordinary people as opposed to scientists; intended for general consumption.


lexentry: eng/popularity__Noun__1
written_rep: popularity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: популя́рность | популярность
sense_list:
The quality or state of being popular; especially, the state of being widely liked or in favor with the people at large.


lexentry: eng/population__Noun__1
written_rep: population
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: населе́ние | население
sense_list:
A count of the number of residents within a political or geographical boundary such as a town, a nation or the world.


lexentry: eng/population__Noun__1
written_rep: population
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: населе́ние | популя́ция | население
sense_list:
(biology) A collection of organisms of a particular species, sharing a particular characteristic of interest, most often that of living in a given area.


lexentry: eng/population__Noun__1
written_rep: population
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: население
sense_list:
(statistics) A group of units (persons, objects, or other items) enumerated in a census or from which a sample is drawn.


lexentry: eng/population_density__Noun__1
written_rep: population density
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пло́тность населе́ния
sense_list:
Average population per unit area; especially, the average number of people who live per square kilometer (or square mile) of land.


lexentry: eng/population_pyramid__Noun__1
written_rep: population pyramid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: возрастно-половая пирамида
sense_list:
(demography) A graphical illustration of the distribution of a population (typically that of a country or region of the world) by age groups and sex; it typically forms the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing.


lexentry: eng/populism__Noun__1
written_rep: populism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наро́дничество | попули́зм | популизм
sense_list:
(philosophy) A political doctrine or philosophy that proposes that the rights and powers of ordinary people are exploited by a privileged elite, and supports their struggle to overcome this.


lexentry: eng/porcelain__Noun__1
written_rep: porcelain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фарфо́р | фарфор
sense_list:
(usually, uncountable) A hard white translucent ceramic, originally made by firing kaolin, quartz, and feldspar at high temperatures but now also inclusive of similar artificial materials; also often (figurative) such a material as a symbol of the fragility, elegance, etc. traditionally associated with porcelain goods. | (countable, now, _, usually, in the plural) An object made of porcelain, (particularly) art objects or items of tableware.


lexentry: eng/porch__Noun__1
written_rep: porch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[крытый|кры́тая]] [[галере́я]] | вера́нда | крыльцо́ | по́ртик
sense_list:
(architectural element) A covered entrance to a building, whether taken from the interior, and forming a sort of vestibule within the main wall, or projecting without and with a separate roof. A porch often has chair(s), table(s) and swings.


lexentry: eng/porcupine__Noun__1
written_rep: porcupine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дикобра́з | дикобраз
sense_list:
Any of several rodents of either of the taxonomic families Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) or Erethizontidae (New World porcupines), both from the infraorder Hystricognathi, noted for their sharp spines or quills, which are raised when the animal is attacked or surprised.


lexentry: eng/porcupine_fish__Noun__1
written_rep: porcupine fish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ёж-рыба
sense_list:
Any of several tropical fish species in the family Diodontidae that are covered with sharp spines and inflate themselves when threatened. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pore__Noun__1
written_rep: pore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́ра
sense_list:
A tiny opening in the skin. | By extension any small opening or interstice, especially one of many, or one allowing the passage of a fluid.


lexentry: eng/pork_barrel__Noun__1
written_rep: pork barrel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: казённый пирог
sense_list:
(chiefly, US politics, often, attributively) State funds as assigned for local or regional expenditure; especially, central money used for regional projects which are eyecatching or designed to appeal to voters. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pornocracy__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: pornocracy
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: порнократия
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism, historical, often, capitalized) The period of the papacy known as the saeculum obscūrum (Latin for “dark age”), and also as the “Rule of the Harlots”, which began with the installation of Pope Sergius III in 904 and lasted for sixty years until the death of Pope John XII in 964, during which time the popes were strongly influenced by the Theophylacti, a powerful and corrupt aristocratic family. [from mid-19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pornography__Noun__1
written_rep: pornography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: порногра́фия | порну́ха | порнография
sense_list:
The explicit literary or visual depiction of sexual subject matter; any display of material of an erotic nature. [from mid-19th c.]


lexentry: eng/porosity__Noun__1
written_rep: porosity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́ристость | пористость
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being porous. | (countable) A measure of how porous a material is; the ratio of the volume of pores to the total volume


lexentry: eng/porphyria__Noun__1
written_rep: porphyria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: порфири́я
sense_list:
(pathology) Any of several usually hereditary abnormalities of porphyrin metabolism characterized by excretion of excess porphyrins in the urine.


lexentry: eng/porphyrogenite__Noun__1
written_rep: porphyrogenite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: багряноро́дный
sense_list:
(historical) An honorific title given to a son of a reigning emperor in the Byzantine Empire, notably borne by Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus.


lexentry: eng/porridge__Noun__1
written_rep: porridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́ша | овся́нка
sense_list:
A dish made of grain or legumes, milk or water, heated and stirred until thick and typically eaten for breakfast.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__1
written_rep: port
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: порт | [[ле́вый]] борт
sense_list:
(nautical, aviation, uncountable) The left-hand side of a vessel, including aircraft, when one is facing the front. Used to unambiguously refer to directions relative to the vessel structure, rather than to a person or object on board.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__2
written_rep: port
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: порт | га́вань | [[ле́вый]] борт
sense_list:
An opening or doorway in the side of a ship, especially for boarding or loading; an embrasure through which a cannon may be discharged; a porthole.


lexentry: eng/port__Noun__2
written_rep: port
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: порт
sense_list:
An opening where a connection (such as with a pipe) is made. | A logical or physical construct in and from which data are transferred. Computer port on Wikipedia.Wikipedia


lexentry: eng/port__Verb__2
written_rep: port
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: порт | га́вань | [[ле́вый]] борт
sense_list:
(transitive, military) To hold or carry (a weapon) with both hands so that it lies diagonally across the front of the body, with the barrel or similar part near the left shoulder and the right hand grasping the small of the stock; or, to throw (the weapon) into this position on command.


lexentry: eng/port_city__Noun__1
written_rep: port city
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[порто́вый]] [[го́род]] | порт
sense_list:
A city built around a port, for its defence, to provide infrastructural support, or as parasitic urban sprawl.


lexentry: eng/port_of_entry__Noun__1
written_rep: port of entry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вход
sense_list:
A harbor, airport, or border crossing where goods or immigrants enter a country. | The location or mechanism by which a foreign entity gains entry into the body or self.


lexentry: eng/portable_toilet__Noun__1
written_rep: portable toilet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каби́нка | передвижно́й | туале́т | туале́тная
sense_list:
A movable toilet, particularly a portable outhouse used where other lavatories are unavailable (as at a construction site) or insufficient (as at special events).


lexentry: eng/portal__Noun__1
written_rep: portal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: порта́л
sense_list:
(Internet) A website or page that acts as an entrance to other websites or pages on the Internet. | A grandiose and often lavish entrance.


lexentry: eng/portal_vein__Noun__1
written_rep: portal vein
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воротная вена
sense_list:
(anatomy) A short, wide vein located in the abdominal cavity formed by the union of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins that channels blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to capillary beds in the liver.


lexentry: eng/portcullis__Noun__1
written_rep: portcullis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воро́та крепостны́е | воро́та подъёмной решётки | опускна́я решётка
sense_list:
A gate in the form of a grating which is lowered into place at the gateway of a castle, a fort, etc.


lexentry: eng/porte_cochère__Noun__1
written_rep: porte cochère
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: въездная а́рка
sense_list:
A porch, or roof without walls over a driveway, next to the entrance of a building which a vehicle can stop in or under to allow passengers to embark or disembark without being affected by bad weather.


lexentry: eng/porter__Noun__2
written_rep: porter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: по́ртер
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, beer) A strong, dark ale, originally favored by porters (etymology 1, sense 1), similar to a stout but less strong.


lexentry: eng/portfolio__Noun__1
written_rep: portfolio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ([[министе́рский]]) [[портфе́ль]]
sense_list:
(politics) The post and the responsibilities of a cabinet minister or other head of a government department. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/portfolio__Noun__1
written_rep: portfolio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: портфо́лио
sense_list:
(business) A collection of assets; (figurative) any collection of things considered as investments or assets, (rarely) also liabilities.


lexentry: eng/portmanteau_word__Noun__1
written_rep: portmanteau word
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контамина́ция | сло́во-бума́жник | словослия́ние | словостяже́ние
sense_list:
(linguistics) A word which combines the meaning of two words (or, rarely, more than two words), formed by combining the words, usually, but not always, by adjoining the first part of one word and the last part of the other, the adjoining parts often having a common vowel.


lexentry: eng/portrait__Noun__1
written_rep: portrait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[портретный|портре́тная]] [[ориента́ция]] | портрет
sense_list:
(computing, printing) A print orientation where the vertical sides are longer than the horizontal sides.


lexentry: eng/poser__Noun__1
written_rep: poser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: клей
sense_list:
Someone who, or something which, poses; a person who sets their body in a fixed position, such as for photography or painting.


lexentry: eng/poseur__Noun__1
written_rep: poseur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: позёр | позёрка
sense_list:
One who affects some behaviour, style, attitude or other condition, often to impress or influence others.


lexentry: eng/position_paper__Noun__1
written_rep: position paper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: программа
sense_list:
(philosophy, government) An essay or report which expresses a position, conclusion, or recommendation concerning a contested issue or undecided question and which usually contains arguments or reasons in support of this position.


lexentry: eng/positive__Adjective__1
written_rep: positive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: положи́тельный | позитивный
sense_list:
(mathematics) Of number, greater than zero. [from the 18th c.] | (physics) Having more protons than electrons.


lexentry: eng/positive__Adjective__1
written_rep: positive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: позити́вный | положи́тельный
sense_list:
Characterized by constructiveness or influence for the better. | (grammar) Describing the primary sense of an adjective, adverb or noun; not comparative, superlative, augmentative nor diminutive.


lexentry: eng/positive__Adjective__1
written_rep: positive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 14
trans_list: позитивный
sense_list:
Characterized by the presence of features which support a hypothesis. | Favorable, desirable by those interested or invested in that which is being judged. | Optimistic. [from the 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/positive__Noun__1
written_rep: positive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: позити́в
sense_list:
(photography) A positive image; one that displays true colors and shades, not their opposites or complements.


lexentry: eng/positive_degree__Noun__1
written_rep: positive degree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: положи́тельная сте́пень
sense_list:
(grammar) That state of an adjective or adverb indicating simple quality, without comparison or relation to increase or diminution; as in wise, noble.


lexentry: eng/positive_feedback__Noun__1
written_rep: positive feedback
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: положи́тельная обра́тная связь
sense_list:
(physics) A feedback loop in which the output of a system is amplified with a net positive gain and added to the input signal before the main amplifier.


lexentry: eng/positive_reinforcement__Noun__1
written_rep: positive reinforcement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: положи́тельное подкре́пление
sense_list:
The giving of encouragement to a person who exhibits a particular behaviour with the result that such behaviour is repeated.


lexentry: eng/positivism__Noun__1
written_rep: positivism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: позитиви́зм | позитивизм
sense_list:
(philosophy) A doctrine that states that the only authentic knowledge is scientific knowledge, and that such knowledge can only come from positive affirmation of theories through strict scientific method, refusing every form of metaphysics.


lexentry: eng/positronium__Noun__1
written_rep: positronium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: позитроний
sense_list:
(physics, chemistry) An exotic atom (specifically, an onium) consisting of a positron (anti-electron) and an electron, as a particle–anti-particle bound pair with no nucleus.


lexentry: eng/posology__Noun__1
written_rep: posology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дозиология | позология
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, pharmacy, pharmacology) The study of the dosages of drugs, especially the determination of appropriate dosages. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/posse__Noun__1
written_rep: posse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: вооружённый [[отря́д]]
sense_list:
(colloquial) A group of (especially young) people seen as constituting a peer group or band of associates; a gang, a group of friends. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/possessee__Noun__1
written_rep: possessee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дополнение
sense_list:
(grammar) Verb complement in some languages or some constructions of a given language; the noun which is possessed.


lexentry: eng/possession__Noun__1
written_rep: possession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: владе́ние | облада́ние
sense_list:
Control or occupancy of something for which one does not necessarily have private property rights. | Ownership; taking, holding, keeping something as one's own. | The condition of being under the control of strong emotion or madness.


lexentry: eng/possessional_adjective__Noun__1
written_rep: possessional adjective
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: качественное прилагательное
sense_list:
(grammar) An adjective indicating that a noun is in possession of, or has the quality of, some other noun; usually formed in English by the affixation of the suffix -ed, -ful, -y, -ous, -able, -ual, -ish, -ar or -esque, or the suffixoid -like, to the noun being possessed.


lexentry: eng/possessive_case__Noun__1
written_rep: possessive case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: притяжа́тельный паде́ж
sense_list:
(grammar) case used to express direct possession, ownership, origin, etc. Though similar in many ways to the genitive case, it is not always the same. Languages that have the possessive case include English and Quenya.


lexentry: eng/possessive_suffix__Noun__1
written_rep: possessive suffix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: притяжательный аффикс
sense_list:
(linguistics) A suffix that indicates possession, occurs in some Uralic, Turkic, Semitic and Indo-European languages.


lexentry: eng/possibles_bag__Noun__1
written_rep: possibles bag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ягдта́ш
sense_list:
A hunter's day-bag of highly varying designs and materials, but usually a kind of a satchel intended for carrying whatever small gear is necessary for the day's hunt.


lexentry: eng/possibly__Adverb__1
written_rep: possibly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: возможно
sense_list:
(modifying a verb) In the realm of possibility; indicates that the action may successfully be performed (is not impossible) regardless of any facts or circumstances known to, stated by or implied by the speaker that might limit the performance.


lexentry: eng/possum__Noun__1
written_rep: possum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: по́ссум
sense_list:
Any of the marsupials in several families of the order Diprotodontia of Australia and neighboring islands.


lexentry: eng/post-Soviet__Adjective__1
written_rep: post-Soviet
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: послесове́тский | постсове́тский
sense_list:
(geopolitics, international relations) Relating to the countries which emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union, especially in the context of Russia.


lexentry: eng/post-it_note__Noun__1
written_rep: post-it note
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: A small piece of paper with an adhesive strip on one side.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[клейкий|кле́йкая]] [[бума́га]] для [[заметка|заме́ток]] | заме́тка | запи́ска | по́ст-ит | сти́кер


lexentry: eng/post-production__Noun__1
written_rep: post-production
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[заверша́ющий]] [[эта́п]] [[создание|созда́ния]]
sense_list:
(cinematography, television) The stages of film (or audio) production happening between the actual filming (or recording) and the completed product.


lexentry: eng/post-traumatic_stress_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: post-traumatic stress disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: посттравмати́ческое стре́ссовое расстро́йство
sense_list:
(psychology) A psychological condition that develops following some stressful situation or event, with symptoms such as sleep disturbance, recurrent dreams, flashbacks, hypervigilance, depression, dissociation, withdrawal or lack of concentration.


lexentry: eng/post-truth__Noun__1
written_rep: post-truth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: постпра́вда
sense_list:
The fact or state of being post-truth; a time period or situation in which facts have become less important than emotional persuasion.


lexentry: eng/post-war__Adjective__1
written_rep: post-war
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: послевое́нный
sense_list:
Pertaining to a period of time immediately following the end of a war; where there is a cessation of conflict.


lexentry: eng/post__Noun__2
written_rep: post
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́чта
sense_list:
(obsolete) Each of a series of men stationed at specific places along a postroad, with responsibility for relaying letters and dispatches of the monarch (and later others) along the route. [16th–17th c.] | (dated) A station, or one of a series of stations, established for the refreshment and accommodation of travellers on some recognized route. | (UK, Australia, New Zealand) A single delivery of letters; the letters or deliveries that make up a single batch delivered to one person or one address. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/post__Verb__2
written_rep: post
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: посла́ть | посыла́ть
sense_list:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand) To send (an item of mail etc.) through the postal service. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/post_chaise__Noun__1
written_rep: post chaise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: почтовая карета
sense_list:
(historical) An enclosed horse-drawn carriage with four wheels, used to transport mail and passengers.


lexentry: eng/post_office__Noun__1
written_rep: post office
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: почта́мт | главпочта́мт | по́чта | почто́вое отделе́ние
sense_list:
(countable) A place (building, office, shop, or counter) concerned with the business of delivering letters, post or mail and selling stamps, etc.


lexentry: eng/post_office_box__Noun__1
written_rep: post office box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: абоне́нтский я́щик
sense_list:
A uniquely addressable lockable box located on the premises of a post office that may be hired as collection point for mail.


lexentry: eng/postage_stamp__Noun__1
written_rep: postage stamp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ма́рка | почто́вая ма́рка
sense_list:
A small piece of printed paper stuck on an item to be mailed, indicating that postage has been paid.


lexentry: eng/postal_address__Noun__1
written_rep: postal address
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: почтовый адрес
sense_list:
The address (of a person or business) to which mail is delivered, as distinct from the actual street address.


lexentry: eng/postcard__Noun__1
written_rep: postcard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: откры́тка | почто́вая откры́тка | открытка
sense_list:
(post) A rectangular piece of thick paper or thin cardboard, typically used for sending messages by mail without the need for an envelope.


lexentry: eng/postcode__Noun__1
written_rep: postcode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: почто́вый и́ндекс
sense_list:
(UK, Irish) A sequence of letters and numbers added to a postal address to aid the sorting and delivery of post or mail.


lexentry: eng/posterior__Adjective__1
written_rep: posterior
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: за́дний | ты́льный | хвостово́й
sense_list:
(anatomy) Nearer the rear or hind end; nearer the caudal end of the body in quadrupeds or the dorsal end in bipeds.


lexentry: eng/posterior_chamber__Noun__1
written_rep: posterior chamber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: задняя ка́мера
sense_list:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) A narrow space inside the eye between the iris and the lens, filled with aqueous humour.


lexentry: eng/postern__Noun__1
written_rep: postern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[задний|за́дняя]] дверь | потерна
sense_list:
(architecture) A back gate, back door, side entrance, or other gateway distinct from the main entrance, especially in a city wall or fortification.


lexentry: eng/posthistory__Noun__1
written_rep: posthistory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: постисто́рия
sense_list:
The history of events that occur after (and are consequences of) an event (e.g. a crisis, a reconciliation, etc).


lexentry: eng/posthumous_name__Noun__1
written_rep: posthumous name
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: посмертный титул
sense_list:
(historical) A respectful alias used in Chinese or sometimes more broadly East Asian contexts to refer to a dead person, particularly royalty.


lexentry: eng/postindustrial__Adjective__1
written_rep: postindustrial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: постиндустриа́льный
sense_list:
Describing the economy of a nation in which manufacturing industry becomes less important and the service and information industries become more important.


lexentry: eng/postmark__Noun__1
written_rep: postmark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[почто́вый]] [[ште́мпель]]
sense_list:
A marking made by a postal service on a delivery, usually indicating the place where and the date and time when the item was received or processed for the first time, mostly serving to cancel a postage stamp.


lexentry: eng/postmodernism__Noun__1
written_rep: postmodernism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: постмодерни́зм | постмодернизм
sense_list:
Any style in art, architecture, literature, philosophy, etc., that reacts against an earlier modernist movement.


lexentry: eng/postpartum__Adjective__1
written_rep: postpartum
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: послеродово́й
sense_list:
(of a mother, a symptom, a diagnosis or treatment, etc) After giving birth (often defined as within 30 days after childbirth).


lexentry: eng/postsynaptic__Adjective__1
written_rep: postsynaptic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: постсинаптический
sense_list:
(cytology) In a synapse, of or pertaining to the neuron that bears receptors for neurotransmitter released into the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic neuron.


lexentry: eng/postulate__Noun__1
written_rep: postulate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: постула́т | постулат
sense_list:
Something assumed without proof as being self-evident or generally accepted, especially when used as a basis for an argument. Sometimes distinguished from axioms as being relevant to a particular science or context, rather than universally true, and following from other axioms rather than being an absolute assumption. | (logic) An axiom.


lexentry: eng/pot_boiler__Noun__1
written_rep: pot boiler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: халту́ра
sense_list:
(figurative, mildly, derogatory) A creative work of low quality (book, art, etc.), produced merely to earn a living or for profit, as opposed to serious creative expression.


lexentry: eng/pot_calling_the_kettle_black__Noun__1
written_rep: pot calling the kettle black
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A situation in which somebody comments on or accuses someone else of a fault which the accuser shares.

trans_list:
в чужо́м глазу́ сори́нку заметно, в своём — бревна́ не вида́ть | чья́ бы коро́ва мыча́ла, а твоя́ б молча́ла


lexentry: eng/potash__Noun__1
written_rep: potash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пота́ш | поташ
sense_list:
The water-soluble part of the ash formed by burning plant material; used for making soap and glass and as a fertilizer. | (chemistry) An impure form of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) mixed with other potassium salts.


lexentry: eng/potassium__Noun__1
written_rep: potassium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́лий | калий
sense_list:
A soft, waxy, silvery reactive metal that is never found unbound in nature; an element (symbol K) with an atomic number of 19 and atomic weight of 39.0983. The symbol is derived from the Latin kalium.


lexentry: eng/potassium_carbonate__Noun__1
written_rep: potassium carbonate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поташ
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The alkaline salt K2CO3, that is the major constituent of potash; it is used in the production of glass and some soaps.


lexentry: eng/potassium_chloride__Noun__1
written_rep: potassium chloride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлорид калия
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The potassium salt of hydrochloric acid, KCl; it is used as a salt substitute for table salt (NaCl), a medication, a fertilizer, and a feedstock.


lexentry: eng/potassium_cyanide__Noun__1
written_rep: potassium cyanide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: циа́нистый ка́лий
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The potassium salt of hydrocyanic acid, KCN; the colourless crystals are soluble in water, and it is extremely poisonous, and is used in electroplating, the extraction of gold and silver from their ores, and in photography.


lexentry: eng/potassium_dichromate__Noun__1
written_rep: potassium dichromate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дихромат калия
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A potassium salt of chromic acid, K2Cr2O7; the orange crystals are soluble in water, and it is used as an oxidizing agent and in photography.


lexentry: eng/potassium_hydroxide__Noun__1
written_rep: potassium hydroxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гидроксид калия
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The alkaline base KOH, once known as caustic potash; it has a number of industrial uses, including the manufacture of bleach.


lexentry: eng/potassium_nitrate__Noun__1
written_rep: potassium nitrate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сели́тра
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) KNO3, a naturally occurring salt, notably used as an ingredient of gunpowder; also used a food preservative and as an ingredient in toothpaste for sensitive gums; historically used in the production of nitric acid (HNO3).


lexentry: eng/potassium_permanganate__Noun__1
written_rep: potassium permanganate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перманганат калия
sense_list:
(chemistry) KMnO4, the most readily available commercial permanganate; it is used as an oxidizing agent both in industry and in the analytical laboratory.


lexentry: eng/potato__Noun__1
written_rep: potato
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: картофель
sense_list:
(humorous, slang, computing) An underpowered computer or other device, especially when small in size.


lexentry: eng/potato_chip__Noun__1
written_rep: potato chip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[хрустя́щий]] [[карто́фель]]
sense_list:
(UK, Irish) One of a batch of pieces of potato cut into elongated cubes and fried; a chip or chipped potato, usually larger than American french fries.


lexentry: eng/potato_crisp__Noun__1
written_rep: potato crisp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[карто́фельный]] чипс | чипс
sense_list:
(Ireland, UK, chiefly, in the plural) A thin slice of potato that has been deep-fried until it is brittle and crispy, and which is eaten when cool; they are typically packaged and sold as a snack.


lexentry: eng/potato_skins__Noun__1
written_rep: potato skins
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: картофельные очистки
sense_list:
A snack food or appetizer made of slices of half-spherical pieces of potatoes with the skin left on one side and a quarter-inch or so of the inside of the potato on the other, covered with various toppings.


lexentry: eng/potato_starch__Noun__1
written_rep: potato starch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: картофельный крахмал
sense_list:
(gastronomy) A widely diffused vegetable substance found in the extracted material of potatoes used in cooking.


lexentry: eng/poteen__Noun__1
written_rep: poteen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потин
sense_list:
(Ireland, countable, uncountable) Illegally produced Irish whiskey; moonshine. [from early 19th c.] | (Ireland, countable, by extension) An unlicensed drinking establishment selling illegally produced Irish whiskey.


lexentry: eng/potential__Noun__1
written_rep: potential
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: потенциа́л
sense_list:
(physics) The work (energy) required to move a reference particle from a reference location to a specified location in the presence of a force field, for example to bring a unit positive electric charge from an infinite distance to a specified point against an electric field.


lexentry: eng/potential_energy__Noun__1
written_rep: potential energy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потенциа́льная эне́ргия
sense_list:
The energy possessed by an object because of its position (in a gravitational or electric field), or its condition (as a stretched or compressed spring, as a chemical reactant, or by having rest mass).


lexentry: eng/potentiometer__Noun__1
written_rep: potentiometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потенциометр
sense_list:
(electronics) A user-adjustable three-terminal variable resistor that can be used as a voltage divider.


lexentry: eng/pothole__Noun__1
written_rep: pothole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́боина | ры́твина | уха́б | я́ма
sense_list:
A shallow pit or other edged depression in a road's surface, especially when caused by erosion by weather or traffic. | A pit formed in the bed of a turbulent stream.


lexentry: eng/potlatch__Noun__1
written_rep: potlatch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́тлач
sense_list:
(Canada, US, also, figuratively) A ceremony amongst certain indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest in which gifts are bestowed upon guests and personal property is destroyed in a show of generosity and wealth.


lexentry: eng/potty_mouth__Noun__1
written_rep: potty mouth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гря́зный рот
sense_list:
(idiomatic, euphemistic) The characteristic of regularly using vulgar language, especially strong profanities.


lexentry: eng/poult__Noun__1
written_rep: poult
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мальчик
sense_list:
A young bird, a chick; now especially, a young game bird (turkey, partridge, grouse etc.). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/poultice__Noun__1
written_rep: poultice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: припа́рка
sense_list:
A soft, moist mass, usually wrapped in cloth and warmed, that is applied topically to a sore, aching or lesioned part of the body to soothe it.


lexentry: eng/pounce__Noun__1
written_rep: pounce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: порох
sense_list:
(historical) A type of fine powder, as of sandarac, or cuttlefish bone, sprinkled over wet ink to dry the ink after writing or on rough paper to smooth the writing surface.


lexentry: eng/pound__Noun__1
written_rep: pound
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: фунт
sense_list:
A unit of mass equal to 16 avoirdupois ounces (= 453.592 g). Today this value is the most common meaning of "pound" as a unit of weight. | A unit of currency in various currency systems. | Any of various units of currency formerly used in the United States.


lexentry: eng/pound_cake__Noun__1
written_rep: pound cake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фу́нтовый кекс
sense_list:
(US) A dense yellow cake, the traditional recipe for which consists of equal quantities (nominally one pound) of butter, eggs, flour, and sugar.


lexentry: eng/pour__Verb__1
written_rep: pour
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: лить | изли́ть | излива́ть | ли́ться | нали́ть | налива́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, figurative) To send out as in a stream or a flood; to cause (an emotion) to come out; to cause to escape.


lexentry: eng/powder__Noun__1
written_rep: powder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: порошо́к | прах | присы́пка | пу́дра
sense_list:
The fine particles which are the result of reducing a dry substance by pounding, grinding, or triturating, or the result of decay; dust. | (cosmetics) A mixture of fine dry, sweet-smelling particles applied to the face or other body parts, to reduce shine or to alleviate chaffing.


lexentry: eng/powdered_sugar__Noun__1
written_rep: powdered sugar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: са́харная пу́дра
sense_list:
(US) Very finely ground sugar to which cornstarch is added to prevent lumping, mostly used in icings and confections to produce a smooth texture.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
written_rep: power
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: власть
sense_list:
(metonymically, chiefly, in the plural) The people in charge of legal or political power, the government.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
written_rep: power
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: власть | влия́ние
sense_list:
(countable) The ability to affect or influence. | (social) The ability to coerce, influence, or control.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
written_rep: power
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: власть | могущество
sense_list:
The ability or authority to control, govern, command, coerce, etc., such as in a legal, political or business sphere.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
written_rep: power
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: мо́щность | мощность
sense_list:
(physics, mechanics) A measure of the effectiveness that a force producing a physical effect has over time. If linear, the quotient of: (force multiplied by the displacement of or in an object) ÷ time. If rotational, the quotient of: (force multiplied by the angle of displacement) ÷ time.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
written_rep: power
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: мощность
sense_list:
(statistics) The probability that a statistical test will reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.


lexentry: eng/power__Noun__1
written_rep: power
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: сте́пень | степень
sense_list:
A product of equal factors (and generalizations of this notion): x^n, read as "x to the power of n" or the like, is called a power and denotes the product x \times x \times \cdots \times x, where x appears n times in the product; x is called the base and n the exponent.


lexentry: eng/power_behind_the_throne__Noun__1
written_rep: power behind the throne
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: се́рый кардина́л
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Someone who appears to be without special status, but who has great covert influence on a person in authority.


lexentry: eng/power_broker__Noun__1
written_rep: power broker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влия́тельная фигу́ра | се́рый кардина́л
sense_list:
A person or group having the ability to influence important decisions, especially in public policy, politics, and business.


lexentry: eng/power_car__Noun__1
written_rep: power car
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: локомотив
sense_list:
A vehicle that propels, and commonly also controls, a passenger train or tram, often as the lead vehicle.


lexentry: eng/power_law__Noun__1
written_rep: power law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: степенная зави́симость | степенная фу́нкция | степенной зако́н
sense_list:
(mathematics) A mathematical relationship in which the magnitude of something is proportional to a fixed power of the magnitude of something else (i.e. the relationship takes the form f(x) = ax^k). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/power_line__Noun__1
written_rep: power line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ли́ния высо́кого напряже́ния | ли́ния электропереда́чи
sense_list:
An electrical wire, cable or conduit, suspended in air by utility poles or transmission towers, or buried underground, used for the carrying of electricity either from a power source such as a generating station to a substation, or from a substation to a building such as a plant, commercial building or a home.


lexentry: eng/power_play__Noun__1
written_rep: power play
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: большинство́
sense_list:
(ice hockey) A situation where a team has a numerical advantage on the ice due to one or more penalties given to the opposing team.


lexentry: eng/power_set__Noun__1
written_rep: power set
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: булеан
sense_list:
(set theory, of a set S) The set whose elements comprise all the subsets of S (including the empty set and S itself).


lexentry: eng/power_steering__Noun__1
written_rep: power steering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: усили́тель руля́
sense_list:
(automotive) A system for reducing the driver's effort to steer, by using a power source to assist in turning the wheels. (Traditionally hydraulic; now sometimes electric.)


lexentry: eng/power_strip__Noun__1
written_rep: power strip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[разветви́тель]] [[питание|пита́ния]] | удлини́тель
sense_list:
A block of electrical sockets that attaches to the end of a flexible cable and allows multiple electrical devices to be plugged in.


lexentry: eng/power_supply__Noun__1
written_rep: power supply
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: блок пита́ния | исто́чник электропита́ния
sense_list:
That part of a piece of electronic apparatus that provides appropriate voltages for the rest of the electronics from the connected AC source.


lexentry: eng/power_tool__Noun__1
written_rep: power tool
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: электроинструме́нт | электроприбо́р
sense_list:
Any of a wide class of tools powered by a motor (usually an electric motor); most especially such tools as are handheld, portable, and not stationary.


lexentry: eng/powers_that_be__Noun__1
written_rep: powers that be
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: власти предержащие | власть имущие | сильные мира сего
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The holders of power or the authorities in a given situation, especially if seen as being faceless or unreasonably bureaucratic.


lexentry: eng/practical__Adjective__1
written_rep: practical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: практи́ческий | практический
sense_list:
Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis. | Being likely to be effective and applicable to a real situation; able to be put to use.


lexentry: eng/practice__Noun__1
written_rep: practice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пра́ктика | практика
sense_list:
(uncountable, especially, medicine, arts) The ongoing pursuit of a craft or profession, particularly in medicine or the fine arts. | Actual operation or experiment, in contrast to theory.


lexentry: eng/practice_makes_perfect__Proverb__1
written_rep: practice makes perfect
part_of_speech: proverb
sense_list: If one practices an activity enough, one will eventually master it.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
де́ло де́лу у́чит | на́вык ма́стера ста́вит | повторе́ние мать уче́ния | у кого́ сноро́вка, тот рабо́тает ло́вко


lexentry: eng/practicum__Noun__1
written_rep: practicum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лаборато́рные заня́тия | практи́ческие заня́тия | практикум
sense_list:
(US) A college course designed to give a student supervised practical knowledge of a subject previously studied theoretically.


lexentry: eng/praedial__Adjective__1
written_rep: praedial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: аграрный
sense_list:
Attached to the land (of slavery etc.); having to work on the land or an estate; deriving from the land.


lexentry: eng/pragmatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: pragmatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прагматический | прагматичный | практический | практичный | утилитарный
sense_list:
Practical, concerned with making decisions and actions that are useful in practice, not just theory.


lexentry: eng/pragmatics__Noun__2
written_rep: pragmatics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прагматичный
sense_list:
(linguistics, translation studies) The study of the use of language, especially meaning, in a social context; it includes extratextual aspects of language including exophoric reference, phatic utterances, and nonverbal channels.


lexentry: eng/pragmatism__Noun__1
written_rep: pragmatism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прагмати́зм | прагматизм
sense_list:
The pursuit of practicality over aesthetic qualities; a concentration on facts rather than emotions or ideals. | (philosophy) The idea that beliefs are identified with the actions of a believer, and the truth of beliefs with success of those actions in securing a believer's goals; the doctrine that ideas must be looked at in terms of their practical effects and consequences.


lexentry: eng/pragmatism__Noun__1
written_rep: pragmatism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: прагмати́зм
sense_list:
(politics) The theory that political problems should be met with practical solutions rather than ideological ones.


lexentry: eng/prairie__Noun__1
written_rep: prairie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пре́рия | прерия
sense_list:
An extensive area of relatively flat grassland with few, if any, trees, especially in North America.


lexentry: eng/prairie_dog__Noun__1
written_rep: prairie dog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лугова́я соба́чка
sense_list:
Any of genus Cynomys, small, stout-bodied burrowing rodents with shallow cheek pouches, native to North America and Central America.


lexentry: eng/praise_to_the_skies__Verb__1
written_rep: praise to the skies
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (transitive, idiomatic) To praise or laud (someone or something) excessively.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
вознести́ до небе́с | возноси́ть до небе́с | превознести́ до небе́с | превозноси́ть до небе́с | расхваливать на все лады


lexentry: eng/pram__Noun__1
written_rep: pram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коля́ска | де́тская коля́ска
sense_list:
A small vehicle, usually covered, in which a newborn baby is pushed around in a lying position. | (colloquial, loosely) A pushchair; a buggy.


lexentry: eng/pram__Noun__2
written_rep: pram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плоскодо́нка
sense_list:
(nautical, historical) A flat-bottomed barge used on shallow shores to convey cargo to and from ships that cannot enter the harbour.


lexentry: eng/praporshchik__Noun__1
written_rep: praporshchik
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пра́порщик
sense_list:
(historical) A junior officer in Imperial Russia. | A senior non-commissioned officer, originally in the Russian military, and still in certain other uniformed services of the Russian government.


lexentry: eng/praseodymium__Noun__1
written_rep: praseodymium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: празеоди́м | празеодим
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Pr) with an atomic number of 59, a soft, silvery, malleable and ductile metal, valued for its magnetic, electrical, chemical, and optical properties.


lexentry: eng/pray__Verb__1
written_rep: pray
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моли́ться | помоли́ться | молиться
sense_list:
(religion) To direct words, thoughts, or one's attention to a deity or any higher being, for the sake of adoration, thanks, petition for help, etc.


lexentry: eng/prayer_flag__Noun__1
written_rep: prayer flag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моли́твенный флаг
sense_list:
A colourful rectangular cloth hung from a thread and strung along mountain ridges and peaks high in the Himalayas by practitioners of Tibetan Buddhism to bless the surrounding countryside or for other purposes.


lexentry: eng/prayer_wheel__Noun__1
written_rep: prayer wheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моли́твенное колесо́
sense_list:
(Buddhism) A rotating cylinder either inscribed with or containing prayers, mainly used by Tibetan Buddhists.


lexentry: eng/praying_mantis__Noun__1
written_rep: praying mantis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: богомо́л
sense_list:
Any of various predatory, cannibalistic insects of the order Mantodea that have a prayer-like stance.


lexentry: eng/pre-dreadnought__Noun__1
written_rep: pre-dreadnought
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: додредно́ут
sense_list:
(nautical, military, historical) A late 19th-century or early 20th-century battleship with a small number of big guns (typically no more than four) and a large number of quick-firing medium-caliber guns. It was made largely obsolete in 1906 by the dreadnought type of battleship.


lexentry: eng/preach__Verb__1
written_rep: preach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропове́довать | проповедовать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To give a sermon. | (transitive) To proclaim by public discourse; to utter in a sermon or a formal religious harangue.


lexentry: eng/preacher__Noun__1
written_rep: preacher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропове́дник | проповедник
sense_list:
Someone who preaches a worldview, philosophy, or religion, especially someone who preaches the gospel and especially a clergyman or clergywoman.


lexentry: eng/preamble__Noun__1
written_rep: preamble
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преа́мбула | преамбула
sense_list:
A short preliminary statement or remark, especially an explanatory introduction to a formal document or statute.


lexentry: eng/preamplifier__Noun__1
written_rep: preamplifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предусили́тель
sense_list:
A voltage amplifier for amplifying a low-level input signal; its output is the input to a higher-level amplifier.


lexentry: eng/precariat__Noun__1
written_rep: precariat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прекариа́т
sense_list:
(sociology, collective) People suffering from precarity, especially as a social class; people living a precarious existence, without security or predictability, especially job security.


lexentry: eng/precedent__Noun__1
written_rep: precedent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прецеде́нт | прецедент
sense_list:
An act in the past which may be used as an example to help decide the outcome of similar instances in the future.


lexentry: eng/precedent__Noun__1
written_rep: precedent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: прецеде́нт
sense_list:
(legal) A decided case which is cited or used as an example to justify a judgment in a subsequent case.


lexentry: eng/precession__Noun__1
written_rep: precession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: преце́ссия
sense_list:
(physics, countable) The wobbling motion of the axis of a spinning body when there is an external force acting on the axis. | Any of several slow changes in an astronomical body's rotational or orbital parameters.


lexentry: eng/precinct__Noun__1
written_rep: precinct
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: о́круг | райо́н
sense_list:
(US, law enforcement) A subdivision of a city under the jurisdiction of a specific group of police; the police station situated in that district.


lexentry: eng/precious_metal__Noun__1
written_rep: precious metal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: драгоце́нный мета́лл
sense_list:
A rare metallic chemical element of high economic value, such as gold, platinum, palladium, or rhodium.


lexentry: eng/precious_stone__Noun__1
written_rep: precious stone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: драгоце́нный ка́мень
sense_list:
Any gem, such as a diamond or ruby, that is expensive because of its rarity or desirability; especially one set into a piece of jewelry.


lexentry: eng/precipitation__Noun__1
written_rep: precipitation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оса́дки | осадки
sense_list:
(meteorology) Any or all of the forms of water particles, whether liquid or solid, that fall from the upper atmosphere (e.g., rain, hail, snow or sleet). It is a major class of hydrometeor, but it is distinguished from cloud, fog, dew, rime, frost, etc., in that it must fall. It is distinguished from cloud and virga in that it must reach the ground.


lexentry: eng/precipitation__Noun__1
written_rep: precipitation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: выпаде́ние в оса́док | оса́док | осажде́ние
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, chemistry) A reaction that leads to the formation of a heavier solid in a lighter liquid; the precipitate so formed at the bottom of the container.


lexentry: eng/precision__Noun__1
written_rep: precision
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: то́чность
sense_list:
(strictly) The ability of a measurement to be reproduced consistently. | (mathematics) The number of significant digits to which a value may be measured reliably.


lexentry: eng/preclude__Verb__1
written_rep: preclude
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: исключать | мешать | предотвращать | препятствовать | устранять
sense_list:
(transitive) To remove the possibility of; to rule out; to prevent or exclude; to render impossible.


lexentry: eng/precognition__Noun__1
written_rep: precognition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предви́дение
sense_list:
(parapsychology) Knowledge of the future; understanding of something in advance, especially as a form of supernatural or extrasensory perception. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/preconception__Noun__1
written_rep: preconception
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предвзя́тость | предубежде́ние
sense_list:
An opinion formed before obtaining adequate evidence, especially as the result of bias or prejudice.


lexentry: eng/precondition__Noun__1
written_rep: precondition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предпосы́лка | предвари́тельное усло́вие
sense_list:
A condition that requires satisfaction before taking a course of action. | A medical illness, ailment, or adverse condition that exists before an insurance policy takes effect.


lexentry: eng/precursor__Noun__1
written_rep: precursor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: предше́ственник | реакти́в
sense_list:
(chemistry) One of the compounds that participates in the chemical reaction that produces another compound.


lexentry: eng/predator__Noun__1
written_rep: predator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хи́щник | хищник
sense_list:
Any animal or other organism that hunts and kills other non-plant organisms (their prey), primarily for food.


lexentry: eng/predecessor__Noun__1
written_rep: predecessor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предше́ственник | предше́ственница
sense_list:
One who precedes; one who has preceded another in any state, position, office, etc.; one whom another follows or comes after, in any office or position. | A model or type of machinery or device which precedes the current (or later) one. Usually used to describe an earlier, outdated model.


lexentry: eng/predicate__Noun__1
written_rep: predicate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предика́т | сказу́емое | сказуемое
sense_list:
(grammar) The part of the sentence (or clause) which states a property that a subject has or is characterized by.


lexentry: eng/predicate__Noun__1
written_rep: predicate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: предика́т | утвержде́ние
sense_list:
(logic) A term of a statement, where the statement may be true or false depending on whether the thing referred to by the values of the statement's variables has the property signified by that (predicative) term.


lexentry: eng/predicative__Adjective__1
written_rep: predicative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предикати́вный
sense_list:
(grammar, of an adjectival or nominal phrase) Modifying a noun from within a predicate. contrasts with attributive.


lexentry: eng/predicative__Noun__1
written_rep: predicative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: именна́я часть составно́го сказу́емого | предикати́в
sense_list:
(grammar) An element of the predicate of a sentence which complements the subject or object by means of the verb. Predicatives may be nominal or adjectival.


lexentry: eng/predicative__Noun__1
written_rep: predicative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: катего́рия состоя́ния | предикати́в
sense_list:
(grammar) In some languages, a special part of speech used as a predicate and denoting a state of being.


lexentry: eng/predicative_case__Noun__1
written_rep: predicative case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предикатив
sense_list:
(grammar) A term that may sometimes be used to describe the case marking a predicative nominative (a noun that renames the subject often following a linking verb), or for the adjective that agrees with it (predicative adjective).


lexentry: eng/predict__Verb__1
written_rep: predict
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предска́зывать | предре́чь | предрека́ть | предсказа́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To make a prediction: to forecast, foretell, or estimate a future event on the basis of knowledge and reasoning; to prophesy a future event on the basis of mystical knowledge or power.


lexentry: eng/predisposition__Noun__1
written_rep: predisposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предрасполо́женность | скло́нность
sense_list:
The state of being predisposed or susceptible to something, especially to a behavior or a health condition.


lexentry: eng/predominate__Verb__1
written_rep: predominate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: господствовать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To dominate, have control, or succeed by superior numbers or size. | (intransitive) To be prominent; to loom large; to be the chief component of a whole.


lexentry: eng/preeminent__Adjective__1
written_rep: preeminent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: выдаю́щийся
sense_list:
Exceeding others in quality or rank; of outstanding excellence, extremely notable or important. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/preempt__Verb__1
written_rep: preempt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: опережать
sense_list:
(transitive) To appropriate first. | (transitive) To prevent or beat to the punch, to forestall an expected occurrence by acting first.


lexentry: eng/preen__Verb__2
written_rep: preen
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: прихора́шиваться | прихороши́ться
sense_list:
(of people, intransitive, reflexive) To spend time making oneself attractive and admiring one's appearance, e.g. in front of a mirror.


lexentry: eng/preface__Noun__1
written_rep: preface
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: введе́ние | вступле́ние | предисло́вие | проло́г
sense_list:
A beginning or introductory portion that comes before the main text of a document or book, typically serving to contextualize or explain the writing of the book and sometimes to acknowledge others' contributions; especially, such a discussion written by the work's own author.


lexentry: eng/prefect__Noun__1
written_rep: prefect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: префе́кт
sense_list:
(historical) An official of Ancient Rome who controlled or superintended a particular command, charge, department, etc. | The head of a prefecture in Japan.


lexentry: eng/prefecture__Noun__1
written_rep: prefecture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: префекту́ра | префектура
sense_list:
The jurisdiction of a prefect; the region administered by a prefect, especially as a translation of certain French, Chinese, and Japanese administrative divisions.


lexentry: eng/prefer__Verb__1
written_rep: prefer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предпочита́ть | предпоче́сть
sense_list:
(transitive) To be in the habit of choosing something rather than something else; to favor; to like better. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/prefix__Noun__1
written_rep: prefix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приста́вка | пре́фикс | приставка
sense_list:
(grammar, linguistic morphology) A morpheme added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning, for example as, pre- in prefix, con- in conjure, re- in reheat, etc.


lexentry: eng/pregabalin__Noun__1
written_rep: pregabalin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нрегабалин
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) An anticonvulsant drug used for neuropathic pain and as an adjunct therapy for seizures.


lexentry: eng/pregnancy_test__Noun__1
written_rep: pregnancy test
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тест на бере́менность | тест на беременность
sense_list:
a piece of test equipment that determines whether a woman, or by extension, a female animal is pregnant


lexentry: eng/pregnant__Adjective__1
written_rep: pregnant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: содержа́тельный | чрева́тый
sense_list:
(comparable) Meaningful, having numerous possibilities or implications; full of promise; abounding in ability, resources, etc.


lexentry: eng/prehensile__Adjective__1
written_rep: prehensile
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хвата́тельный | це́пкий
sense_list:
(zoology) Able to take hold of and clasp objects; adapted for grasping especially by wrapping around an object.


lexentry: eng/prehung__Adjective__1
written_rep: prehung
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: готовый
sense_list:
(of a door or window) Delivered to the customer as installation-ready unit, already attached to its frame.


lexentry: eng/preindustrial__Adjective__1
written_rep: preindustrial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доиндустриа́льный
sense_list:
Of or relating to the period before the Industrial Revolution and the global industrialisation that followed.


lexentry: eng/prejudice__Noun__1
written_rep: prejudice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: предрассудок
sense_list:
(countable) An irrational hostile attitude, fear or hatred towards a particular group, race or religion.


lexentry: eng/prelapsarian__Adjective__1
written_rep: prelapsarian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безгреховный | догреховный
sense_list:
(Judaism, Christianity) Of, or relating to the period of innocence before the Fall of man; innocent, unspoiled.


lexentry: eng/prelate__Noun__1
written_rep: prelate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прела́т | прелат
sense_list:
A clergyman of high rank and authority, having jurisdiction over an area or a group of people; normally a bishop.


lexentry: eng/prelude__Noun__1
written_rep: prelude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: прелю́дия | прелюдия
sense_list:
(music) A short, free-form piece of music, originally one serving as an introduction to a longer and more complex piece; later, starting with the Romantic period, generally a stand-alone piece. [from 1650s]


lexentry: eng/premature__Adjective__1
written_rep: premature
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преждевре́менный
sense_list:
Occurring before a state of readiness or maturity has arrived. | Taking place earlier than anticipated, prepared for, or desired.


lexentry: eng/premature_ejaculation__Noun__1
written_rep: premature ejaculation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преждевре́менная эякуля́ция
sense_list:
A medical condition where a man, when initiating sexual intercourse, will experience an orgasm and expel semen after a time period far below the average, generally defined as one minute or less.


lexentry: eng/premenstrual__Adjective__1
written_rep: premenstrual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предменструа́льный
sense_list:
Occurring in the time period during the menstrual cycle leading up to the beginning of menstruation.


lexentry: eng/premenstrual_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: premenstrual syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предменструа́льный синдро́м
sense_list:
The physical and psychological malaise experienced by many women between ovulation and the onset of menstruation; premenstrual tension. [1953]


lexentry: eng/premier__Noun__1
written_rep: premier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: премье́р | премье́р-мини́стр
sense_list:
(politics, non-Westminster) The government leader in a legislative congress or leader of a government-level administrative body; the head of government.


lexentry: eng/premiere__Noun__1
written_rep: premiere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: премье́ра | премьера
sense_list:
The first showing of a film, play or other form of entertainment, often held as a special event with celebrity guests.


lexentry: eng/premise__Noun__1
written_rep: premise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: допуще́ние | предпосы́лка
sense_list:
A proposition antecedently supposed or proved; something previously stated or assumed as the basis of further argument; a condition; a supposition.


lexentry: eng/premise__Noun__1
written_rep: premise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: посы́лка | предпосы́лка
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural, legal) Matters previously stated or set forth; especially, that part in the beginning of a deed, the office of which is to express the grantor and grantee, and the land or thing granted or conveyed, and all that precedes the habendum; the thing demised or granted.


lexentry: eng/premolar__Noun__1
written_rep: premolar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: премоля́р
sense_list:
A tooth situated in front of the molar teeth; especially a tooth in humans with two cusps which is between the canines and the molars (Latin: singular dens premolaris, plural dentes premolares)


lexentry: eng/premonition__Noun__1
written_rep: premonition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предчу́вствие
sense_list:
A clairvoyant or clairaudient experience, such as a dream, which resonates with some event in the future. | A strong intuition that something is about to happen (usually something negative, but not exclusively).


lexentry: eng/prenuptial_agreement__Noun__1
written_rep: prenuptial agreement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бра́чный догово́р | бра́чный контра́кт
sense_list:
A legal document, signed by both parties before marriage, stating the legal claims on each other's estate upon a subsequent divorce.


lexentry: eng/preoccupy__Verb__1
written_rep: preoccupy
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C рассеять
sense_list:
(transitive) To distract; to draw attention elsewhere. [from 16th c.] | (transitive) To worry or concern (someone) so as to distract them.


lexentry: eng/prep_school__Noun__1
written_rep: prep school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гимназия
sense_list:
(US) A private or public school intended to prepare its students to gain admission into prestigious universities.


lexentry: eng/preparatory__Adjective__1
written_rep: preparatory
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подготовительный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to preparation, having the purpose of making something or someone ready, preparative.


lexentry: eng/prepare__Verb__1
written_rep: prepare
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гото́вить | подгота́вливать | подгото́вить | пригото́вить
sense_list:
(transitive) To make ready for a specific future purpose; to set up; to assemble or equip; to forearm.


lexentry: eng/prepend__Verb__1
written_rep: prepend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предварять
sense_list:
(computing, linguistics, transitive) To attach (an expression, phrase, etc.) to another, as a prefix.


lexentry: eng/preposition__Noun__1
written_rep: preposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предло́г | предлог
sense_list:
(grammar, strict sense) Any of a class of non-inflecting words and multiword terms typically employed to connect a following noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense, with some other word: a particle used with a noun or pronoun (in English always in the objective case) to make a phrase limiting some other word.


lexentry: eng/prepositional_article__Noun__1
written_rep: prepositional article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сочленённый предло́г
sense_list:
(grammar) In some languages, such as French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish, a contraction of a preposition and an article, e.g. au in French (a contraction of à and le).


lexentry: eng/prepositional_case__Noun__1
written_rep: prepositional case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предло́жный паде́ж
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun case serving as object of a preposition. Prepositions that often govern the prepositional case include "about", "in", "on", and "near". Russian is an example of a language that uses the prepositional case.


lexentry: eng/prepositional_phrase__Noun__1
written_rep: prepositional phrase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предло́жная гру́ппа | предло́жно-именно́е сочета́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A phrase containing both a preposition and its object or complement and which may be used as an adjunct or a modifier.


lexentry: eng/prepossess__Verb__1
written_rep: prepossess
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подкупа́ть | подкупи́ть
sense_list:
Chiefly followed by by or with: to preoccupy (someone) in an emotional or mental way, so as to preclude other things. | (by extension) To cause (someone) to have a previous inclination against, for, or to something; to bias or prejudice; specifically, to induce in (someone) a favourable opinion beforehand, or at the outset.


lexentry: eng/prequel__Noun__1
written_rep: prequel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предысто́рия | при́квел
sense_list:
(narratology) In a series of works, an installment that is set chronologically before its predecessor, especially the original narrative or (perhaps improper usage) any narrative work with at least one sequel.


lexentry: eng/prerequisite__Noun__1
written_rep: prerequisite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: предпосы́лка | предусловие
sense_list:
In education, a course or topic that must be completed before another course or topic can be started. May be colloquially referred to as a prereq.


lexentry: eng/prerogative__Noun__1
written_rep: prerogative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: исключи́тельное пра́во | прерогати́ва
sense_list:
A right, or power that is exclusive to a monarch etc, especially such a power to make a decision or judgement.


lexentry: eng/presbytery__Noun__1
written_rep: presbytery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пресвитерий
sense_list:
A body of elders in the early Christian church. | Presbyters collectively; the body of presbyters of a congregation.


lexentry: eng/prescribe__Verb__1
written_rep: prescribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропи́сывать | назнача́ть
sense_list:
(medicine) To order (a drug or medical device) for use by a particular patient (under licensed authority).


lexentry: eng/prescribe__Verb__1
written_rep: prescribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: предпи́сывать | устана́вливать
sense_list:
To specify by writing as a required procedure or ritual; to lay down authoritatively as a guide, direction, or rule of action.


lexentry: eng/prescription__Noun__1
written_rep: prescription
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: реце́пт | предписа́ние
sense_list:
(medicine, pharmacy, pharmacology) A written order from an authorized medical practitioner for provision of a medicine or other treatment, such as (ophthalmology) the specific lenses needed for a pair of glasses.


lexentry: eng/prescription__Noun__1
written_rep: prescription
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: предписа́ние | прескри́пция | распоряже́ние
sense_list:
(legal) Synonym of enactment, the act of establishing a law, regulation, etc., particularly in writing; an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/prescription__Noun__1
written_rep: prescription
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: прескри́пция
sense_list:
(linguistics) The act of establishing or formalizing ideal norms for language use, as opposed to describing the actual norms of such use; an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/prescription_drug__Noun__1
written_rep: prescription drug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[рецепту́рное]] [[лека́рство]]
sense_list:
(pharmacology) A licensed medicine that is regulated by legislation to require a prescription before it can be obtained.


lexentry: eng/prescriptive__Adjective__1
written_rep: prescriptive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нормати́вный | предпи́сывающий
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to prescribing or enjoining, especially an action or behavior based on a norm or standard.


lexentry: eng/prescriptivism__Noun__1
written_rep: prescriptivism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прескриптивизм
sense_list:
(linguistics) The practice of prescribing idealistic norms, as opposed to describing realistic forms, of linguistic usage.


lexentry: eng/presence_of_mind__Noun__1
written_rep: presence of mind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прису́тствие духа
sense_list:
Focused alertness, good sense, quick-thinking resourcefulness, or stability of feeling and thought, especially in spite of circumstances which are distracting, stressful, or otherwise challenging.


lexentry: eng/present__Adjective__1
written_rep: present
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: настоя́щий | ны́нешний
sense_list:
Relating to now, for the time being; current. | Relating to something a person is referring to in the very context, with a deictic use similar to the demonstrative adjective this.


lexentry: eng/present__Verb__1
written_rep: present
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: пода́ть | подава́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, now, rare) To charge (a person) with a crime or accusation; to bring before court. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/present_arms__Noun__1
written_rep: present arms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: на карау́л
sense_list:
(military) A position of salute in the manual of arms in which the gun is held in both hands vertically in front of the body, with the muzzle upward and the trigger side forward.


lexentry: eng/present_continuous__Noun__1
written_rep: present continuous
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: настоя́щее дли́тельное вре́мя | настоя́щее продо́лженное вре́мя
sense_list:
(grammar) A tense that describes an ongoing action in the present. In English it is formed by use of a form of be with a present participle.


lexentry: eng/present_participle__Noun__1
written_rep: present participle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прича́стие настоя́щего вре́мени
sense_list:
(grammar) A nonfinite verb form that indicates an ongoing action or state and which can function as an adjective.


lexentry: eng/present_perfect__Noun__1
written_rep: present perfect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: настоя́щее соверше́нное вре́мя
sense_list:
(grammar) A perfect tense that expresses action in the past (usually completed) with consequences in the present time.


lexentry: eng/present_perfect_continuous__Noun__1
written_rep: present perfect continuous
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: настоя́щее соверше́нное непреры́вное вре́мя | настоя́щее соверше́нное продо́лженное вре́мя
sense_list:
(grammar) A tense that expresses an unbroken action continuing at the present time, started in the past. In English it is formed by using have been with a present participle.


lexentry: eng/present_tense__Noun__1
written_rep: present tense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: настоя́щее вре́мя | настоящее время
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatical tense whose principal function is to locate a situation or event in the present time.


lexentry: eng/presentative__Noun__1
written_rep: presentative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: представляющий
sense_list:
(grammar) A construct that serves to present something, or draw it to the attention of the interlocutor.


lexentry: eng/presentism__Noun__1
written_rep: presentism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: презенти́зм
sense_list:
(philosophy) The view that neither the future nor the past exist (events and entities that are wholly past or wholly future do not exist at all).


lexentry: eng/president__Noun__1
written_rep: president
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: генера́льный дире́ктор | президе́нт
sense_list:
Primary leader of a corporation. Not to be confused with CEO, which is a related but separate position that is sometimes held by a different person.


lexentry: eng/press__Noun__1
written_rep: press
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: жим
sense_list:
(countable, weightlifting) An exercise in which weight is forced away from the body by extension of the arms or legs.


lexentry: eng/press__Verb__1
written_rep: press
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дави́ть | нажима́ть | жать | надави́ть | нажа́ть | прессова́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To exert weight or force against, to act upon with force or weight; to exert pressure upon.


lexentry: eng/press__Verb__1
written_rep: press
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: гла́дить
sense_list:
(transitive, sewing) To flatten a selected area of fabric using an iron with an up-and-down, not sliding, motion, so as to avoid disturbing adjacent areas.


lexentry: eng/press_secretary__Noun__1
written_rep: press secretary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пре́сс-секрета́рша | пресс-секрета́рь
sense_list:
A senior advisor who provides advice on how to deal with the news media and helps the employer to maintain a positive public image.


lexentry: eng/presstitute__Noun__1
written_rep: presstitute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: журнали́зд | журнашлю́ха
sense_list:
(derogatory, sometimes, attributive) A person or media entity that misleadingly tailors news to fit a particular partisan agenda.


lexentry: eng/pressure__Noun__1
written_rep: pressure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: давле́ние | давление
sense_list:
(physics) The amount of force that is applied over a given area divided by the size of this area; force per unit area.


lexentry: eng/pressure_cooker__Noun__1
written_rep: pressure cooker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скорова́рка | скороварка
sense_list:
(cookware) A sealed cooking vessel that allows cooking in greater than atmospheric pressure and at a temperature above the boiling point of water.


lexentry: eng/pressure_point__Noun__1
written_rep: pressure point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жи́зненно ва́жная то́чка
sense_list:
(martial arts) A specific small area of the body targeted, due to a cluster of nerves being close to the skin, usually not protected by bone. | (therapy) A specific small area of the body sensitive to and suitable for therapeutic pressure.


lexentry: eng/pressure_suit__Noun__1
written_rep: pressure suit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скафандр
sense_list:
(aviation, astronautics) A sealed, full-body garment, usually with an attachable helmet, which maintains air pressure or mechanical pressure around the body of an astronaut or aviator to compensate for the low density of the air at high altitudes.


lexentry: eng/prestige__Noun__1
written_rep: prestige
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прести́ж | авторите́т | престиж
sense_list:
The quality of how good the reputation of something or someone is, how favourably something or someone is regarded.


lexentry: eng/presume__Verb__1
written_rep: presume
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: предполага́ть | предположи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/presumption_of_innocence__Noun__1
written_rep: presumption of innocence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: презумпция невиновности
sense_list:
(legal) The precept that someone will not be convicted of a crime unless (the judge, prosecutor, officer) proves guilt beyond a reasonable doubt and is non liquet, with there being no present burden of proof duty subjected on the accused to prove innocence.


lexentry: eng/presumptuous__Adjective__1
written_rep: presumptuous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́рзкий | на́глый | наха́льный | самонаде́янный | самоуве́ренный
sense_list:
Making unwarranted presumptions or assumptions, often out of arrogance or excessive self-confidence, and thus exceeding what is appropriate or right.


lexentry: eng/presuppose__Verb__1
written_rep: presuppose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предполага́ть
sense_list:
To assume some truth without proof, usually for the purpose of reaching a conclusion based on that truth.


lexentry: eng/presymptomatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: presymptomatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предсимпто́мный
sense_list:
(medicine) relating to the early stages of a disease, before all symptoms have developed and when therefore accurate diagnosis is not possible.


lexentry: eng/presynaptic__Adjective__1
written_rep: presynaptic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пресинаптический
sense_list:
(cytology) In a synapse, of or pertaining to the neuron that releases neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.


lexentry: eng/preta__Noun__1
written_rep: preta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пре́та
sense_list:
A hungry ghost (a supernatural being in Buddhist folklore, the spirit of a greedy person whose divine retribution is never to be sated)


lexentry: eng/pretend__Verb__1
written_rep: pretend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́лать вид | прики́дываться | прики́нуться | притвори́ться | притворя́ться | сде́лать вид
sense_list:
(intransitive, or, with 'that' clause, or, 'to' infinitive) To speak or behave so as to give a false or simulated appearance. [from 14th c.] | (transitive, obsolete) To intend; to design, to plot; to attempt.


lexentry: eng/pretender__Noun__1
written_rep: pretender
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: претенде́нт | претенде́нтка
sense_list:
A claimant to a throne or the office of a ruler; originally in a neutral sense, but now always applied to a claimant who is held to have no just title.


lexentry: eng/pretense__Noun__1
written_rep: pretense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: притво́рство
sense_list:
(countable, or, uncountable) The action of pretending; false or simulated show or appearance; false or hypocritical assertion or representation.


lexentry: eng/preterite__Noun__1
written_rep: preterite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прете́рит | проше́дшее вре́мя
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatical tense or verb form serving to denote events that took place or were completed in the past.


lexentry: eng/pretty_Polly__Phrase__1
written_rep: pretty Polly
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́пка-дура́к
sense_list:
A phrase traditionally said to parrots, and a phrase that parrots are traditionally taught to speak.


lexentry: eng/pretty_penny__Noun__1
written_rep: pretty penny
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влета́ть в копе́ечку | кру́гленькая су́мма
sense_list:
(idiomatic, informal) Chiefly preceded by a: a considerable amount of money; a high income or price.


lexentry: eng/prevail__Verb__1
written_rep: prevail
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доминировать | восторжествовать | госпо́дствовать | одержать победу
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be superior in strength, dominance, influence, or frequency; to have or gain the advantage over others; to have the upper hand; to outnumber others.


lexentry: eng/prevalence__Noun__1
written_rep: prevalence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: распространённость
sense_list:
(epidemiology) The total number of cases of a disease in a given statistical population at a given time, divided by the number of individuals in that population.


lexentry: eng/prevention__Noun__1
written_rep: prevention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: профила́ктика
sense_list:
(medicine) Any measure intended to limit health-related risks (such as information campaigns, vaccination, early diagnosis etc.).


lexentry: eng/prevention_is_better_than_cure__Proverb__1
written_rep: prevention is better than cure
part_of_speech: proverb
sense_list: It is better to prevent the creation of a problem than to have to deal with it afterwards.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
грамм профилактики стоит килограмма лечения | лу́чше боле́знь предотврати́ть, чем пото́м лечи́ть | профила́ктика лу́чше лече́ния


lexentry: eng/preventive__Adjective__1
written_rep: preventive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: превентивный
sense_list:
Preventing, hindering, or acting as an obstacle to. | Slowing the development of an illness; prophylactic.


lexentry: eng/preverb__Noun__1
written_rep: preverb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: преве́рб
sense_list:
(grammar) Any of a class of words in the Chinese language whose function is analogous to the cases, prepositions, and postpositions of other languages.


lexentry: eng/preview__Noun__1
written_rep: preview
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: [[предвари́тельный]] [[просмо́тр]] | предвкуше́ние | предосмо́тр
sense_list:
(computing) A facility for viewing and checking a document or photo, or changes to it, before saving or printing it.


lexentry: eng/prey__Noun__1
written_rep: prey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: добы́ча | пожи́ва | приз | трофе́и
sense_list:
(archaic) Anything, such as goods, etc., taken or got by violence; something taken by force from an enemy in war.


lexentry: eng/priapism__Noun__1
written_rep: priapism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приапи́зм | приапизм
sense_list:
(pathology) A potentially painful or harmful medical condition in which the erect penis does not return to its flaccid state (despite the absence of both physical and psychological stimulation), often as a result of a spinal injury.


lexentry: eng/price_of_tea_in_China__Noun__1
written_rep: price of tea in China
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: в огоро́де бузина́, а в Ки́еве дя́дька
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something that is irrelevant or unimportant, usually used to emphasize the lack of relationship of a non sequitur.


lexentry: eng/prick__Noun__1
written_rep: prick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: недоу́мок | приду́рок
sense_list:
An indentation or small mark made with a pointed object. [from 10th c.] | (slang, derogatory) Someone (especially a male) who is unpleasant, rude or annoying. [from 16th c.] | (obsolete) The point on a target at which an archer aims; the mark; the pin.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
written_rep: pride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: го́рдость | гордость
sense_list:
A sense of one's own worth; reasonable self-esteem and satisfaction (in oneself, in one's work, one's family, etc). | That of which one is proud; that which excites self-congratulation and self-esteem (whether reasonable or arrogant), for example beauty, ornament, noble character, children, etc.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
written_rep: pride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: горды́ня | спесь | высокоме́рие | го́нор | зано́счивость | чва́нство
sense_list:
An unreasonable overestimation of one's own superiority in terms of talents, or looks, wealth, importance, etc., which comes across as being haughty, lofty, and often showing contempt of others; exaggerated self-worth.


lexentry: eng/pride__Noun__1
written_rep: pride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: горды́ня | спесь | высокоме́рие | зано́счивость | чва́нство
sense_list:
Proud or disdainful behavior or treatment that reflects such an attitude (of haughtiness); arrogance.


lexentry: eng/pride_comes_before_a_fall__Proverb__1
written_rep: pride comes before a fall
part_of_speech: proverb
sense_list: A person who is excessively proud will often suffer a setback or failure.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
Сатана гордился, с неба свалился; фараон гордился, в море утопился; а мы гордимся - куда годимся? | горды́ня до добра́ не доведёт


lexentry: eng/priest__Noun__1
written_rep: priest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жрец | поп | ксёндз | свяще́нник | ба́тюшка | оте́ц
sense_list:
A religious clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson) who is trained to perform services or sacrifices at a church or temple.


lexentry: eng/prig__Noun__1
written_rep: prig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: резонёр
sense_list:
A deliberately superior person; a person who demonstrates an exaggerated conformity or propriety, especially in an irritatingly arrogant or smug manner.


lexentry: eng/prilling__Noun__1
written_rep: prilling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гранули́рование | зерне́ние
sense_list:
The solidification of droplets of molten material falling against an upward stream of air; used especially to agglomerate ammonium nitrate and urea for use as a fertilizer.


lexentry: eng/prima_donna__Noun__1
written_rep: prima donna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: примадо́нна
sense_list:
(opera) The principal female singer or the leading lady. | (derogatory) A person who considers themself much more important than others, has high expectations of others and becomes angry when their standards or demands are not met.


lexentry: eng/primacy__Noun__1
written_rep: primacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: первосвяти́тельство
sense_list:
(religion) The office, rank, or character of a primate, it being the chief ecclesiastical station or dignity in a national church.


lexentry: eng/primacy_effect__Noun__1
written_rep: primacy effect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эффе́кт пе́рвенства
sense_list:
The increased ability to remember items presented earlier, such as the first items in a list: the early-position aspect of the serial position effect.


lexentry: eng/primal_scene__Noun__1
written_rep: primal scene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перви́чный грех
sense_list:
(psychoanalysis) In Freudian theory, the first time a child witnesses (and understands) his or her parents copulating.


lexentry: eng/primary_color__Noun__1
written_rep: primary color
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: основной цвет
sense_list:
Any of three colors which, when added to or subtracted from others in different amounts, can generate all other colors


lexentry: eng/primary_colour__Noun__1
written_rep: primary colour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: основной цвет
sense_list:
(British spelling) Any of three colours which, when added to or subtracted from others in different amounts, can generate all other colours


lexentry: eng/primary_education__Noun__1
written_rep: primary education
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нача́льное образова́ние
sense_list:
The basic schooling given to children up to the age of puberty, including reading, writing, and basic mathematics.


lexentry: eng/primary_key__Noun__1
written_rep: primary key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перви́чный ключ
sense_list:
(computing, databases) In the design of a database table, the primary key (abbreviated PK) is selected among the non-empty set of candidate keys. The PK is a column (or an irreducible group of columns) able to identify every row of the table.


lexentry: eng/primary_producer__Noun__1
written_rep: primary producer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: продюсер
sense_list:
(biology) An autotrophic organism producing complex organic matter, using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/primary_school__Noun__1
written_rep: primary school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нача́льная шко́ла | семиле́тка
sense_list:
(British, Australian, sometimes, Philippines, schools) A formal, obligatory kind of school that typically begins with nursery school or first grade and ends at fifth or sixth grade.


lexentry: eng/primary_source__Noun__1
written_rep: primary source
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: первоисто́чник
sense_list:
(historiography) A historical object, especially a written document, that was created at or near the time of the events studied.


lexentry: eng/primate__Noun__1
written_rep: primate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прима́т | примат
sense_list:
(zoology) A mammal of the order Primates, including apes (which include humans), monkeys, lemurs, tarsiers, lorisids, and galagos.


lexentry: eng/primate__Noun__2
written_rep: primate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: архиепи́скоп | епи́скоп | прима́с
sense_list:
(Christianity) In the Catholic Church, a rare title conferred to or claimed by the sees of certain archbishops, or the highest-ranking bishop of a present or historical, usually political circumscription. | (Christianity) In the Anglican Church, an archbishop, or the highest-ranking bishop of an ecclesiastic province.


lexentry: eng/prime__Adjective__1
written_rep: prime
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: просто́й
sense_list:
(mathematics, lay) Having exactly two integral factors: itself and unity (1 in the case of integers).


lexentry: eng/prime_meridian__Noun__1
written_rep: prime meridian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Гри́нвичский меридиа́н
sense_list:
The reference line at 0° longitude, passing through Greenwich, England, from which longitude east and west is measured.


lexentry: eng/prime_minister__Noun__1
written_rep: prime minister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: второ́е лицо́ | глава́ прави́тельства | премье́р | премье́р-мини́стр
sense_list:
The chief member of the cabinet and head of the government, especially in a parliamentary democracy; often the leader of the majority party.


lexentry: eng/prime_mover__Noun__1
written_rep: prime mover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: перви́чный дви́гатель
sense_list:
A machine, such as a water wheel or steam engine, that receives and modifies energy as supplied by some natural source or fuel and transforms it into mechanical work


lexentry: eng/prime_mover__Noun__1
written_rep: prime mover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: букси́р | тра́ктор | тяга́ч
sense_list:
(automotive) The front part of a semi-trailer type truck, i.e., the tractor to which the trailer part attaches.


lexentry: eng/prime_number__Noun__1
written_rep: prime number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: просто́е число́ | простое число
sense_list:
(number theory) Any natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers.


lexentry: eng/prime_suspect__Noun__1
written_rep: prime suspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гла́вный подозрева́емый
sense_list:
(legal) A person who is considered by the law enforcement agency investigating a crime to be the most likely suspect.


lexentry: eng/prime_time__Noun__1
written_rep: prime time
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лу́чшее эфи́рное вре́мя | прайм-та́йм
sense_list:
(television, radio) The block of programming on television during the middle of the evening, usually between 7:00 pm and 11:00 pm.


lexentry: eng/primer__Noun__2
written_rep: primer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: запа́л | ка́псюль
sense_list:
Any substance or device, such as priming wire or blasting cap, used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive.


lexentry: eng/primeval_forest__Noun__1
written_rep: primeval forest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: девственный лес | коренной лес | перви́чный лес | первобы́тный лес | пу́ща
sense_list:
A forest unaffected by humans, typically containing large live trees, large dead trees, and large logs.


lexentry: eng/primigravida__Noun__1
written_rep: primigravida
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: первородящая
sense_list:
(obstetrics, veterinary medicine) A woman or female animal who is pregnant for the first time, or who has been pregnant once. [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/primitive__Noun__1
written_rep: primitive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: примити́в
sense_list:
(linguistics) An original or primary word; a word not derived from another, as opposed to derivative. | (programming) A data type that is built into the programming language, as opposed to more complex structures.


lexentry: eng/primitivism__Noun__1
written_rep: primitivism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: примитивизм
sense_list:
Any of a group of related styles in the arts, influenced by a belief in the superiority of primitive forms.


lexentry: eng/primogeniture__Noun__1
written_rep: primogeniture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: первородство
sense_list:
The principle that the eldest child, traditionally the eldest male, has an exclusive right of inheritance.


lexentry: eng/primordial_soup__Noun__1
written_rep: primordial soup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перви́чный бульо́н
sense_list:
(informal, evolutionary theory) The state of the Earth's oceans at a very early time in the planet's history, during the early development of multicellular organisms.


lexentry: eng/primrose__Noun__1
written_rep: primrose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: первоцве́т | при́мула
sense_list:
A flowering plant of the genus Primula. | Specifically, the species Primula acaulis (syn. Primula vulgaris), also called common primrose. | A flower of a primrose plant.


lexentry: eng/prince__Noun__1
written_rep: prince
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: принц | короле́вич | царе́вич
sense_list:
A male member of a royal family other than the ruler; especially (in the United Kingdom) the son or grandson of the monarch. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/prince_regent__Noun__1
written_rep: prince regent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: принц-ре́гент
sense_list:
A prince who rules a country as a regent in place of a monarch who is unfit to rule for a particular reason.


lexentry: eng/princess__Noun__1
written_rep: princess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: княги́ня | короле́вна | принце́сса | царе́вна
sense_list:
A female member of a royal family other than a queen, especially a daughter or granddaughter of a monarch. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/principal__Noun__1
written_rep: principal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[основно́й]] долг | [[основной|основна́я]] [[су́мма]]
sense_list:
(finance, uncountable) The money originally invested or loaned, on which basis interest and returns are calculated.


lexentry: eng/principal__Noun__1
written_rep: principal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: дире́ктор | директри́са | ре́ктор
sense_list:
(North America, Australia, New Zealand, Philippines) The chief administrator of a school. | (architecture, engineering) The construction that gives shape and strength to a roof, generally a truss of timber or iron; or, loosely, the most important member of a piece of framing.


lexentry: eng/principal__Noun__1
written_rep: principal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: довери́тель | принципа́л
sense_list:
(law) A legal person that authorizes another (the agent) to act on their behalf; or on whose behalf an agent or gestor in a negotiorum gestio acts.


lexentry: eng/principal_photography__Noun__1
written_rep: principal photography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: съёмочный период
sense_list:
(cinematography) The phase of film production during which the film is actually shot, as distinct from pre-production and post-production.


lexentry: eng/principality__Noun__1
written_rep: principality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: нача́ла
sense_list:
(theology, countable) A spiritual being, specifically in Christian angelology, the third lowest level of angels, ranked above archangels and below powers. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/principate__Noun__1
written_rep: principate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: принципат
sense_list:
(Ancient Rome) The early period of the Roman Empire, during which some characteristics of the government of the Roman Republic were retained; the reign of any particular emperor during said period.


lexentry: eng/principle_of_relativity__Noun__1
written_rep: principle of relativity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: при́нцип относи́тельности
sense_list:
(relativity) The principle that only the motion of objects relative to one another can be measured, and that there is no absolute frame of reference.


lexentry: eng/print__Noun__1
written_rep: print
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: печа́ть
sense_list:
(uncountable) Books and other material created by printing presses, considered collectively or as a medium.


lexentry: eng/print__Verb__1
written_rep: print
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: печа́тать | напеча́тать
sense_list:
(transitive) To produce one or more copies of a text or image on a surface, especially by machine; often used with out or off: print out, print off.


lexentry: eng/print__Verb__1
written_rep: print
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[писа́ть]] [[печатный|печа́тными]] [[буква|бу́квами]]
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To write very clearly, especially, to write without connecting the letters as in cursive.


lexentry: eng/printed_circuit_board__Noun__1
written_rep: printed circuit board
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: печа́тная пла́та
sense_list:
(electronics) A flat board that holds chips and other electronic components in layers that interconnect by means of copper pathways, often called traces.


lexentry: eng/printed_matter__Noun__1
written_rep: printed matter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: печатная продукция | печатное издание
sense_list:
Printed material produced by printers and publishers, including books, magazines, brochures, booklets, publicity material and newspapers, especially in relation to less expensive postage rates for such material.


lexentry: eng/printer__Noun__1
written_rep: printer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: печа́тник | печа́тница | типо́граф
sense_list:
(printing) The operator of a printing press or the owner of a printing business; (metonymy) any printing business.


lexentry: eng/printer__Noun__1
written_rep: printer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: при́нтер | принтер
sense_list:
(computer hardware) A device, usually attached to a computer, used to print text or images onto paper; an analogous device capable of producing three-dimensional objects.


lexentry: eng/printing__Noun__1
written_rep: printing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: печа́тание | печа́ть
sense_list:
(uncountable) The process or business of producing printed material by means of inked type and a printing press or similar technology.


lexentry: eng/prion__Noun__1
written_rep: prion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прио́н
sense_list:
(molecular biology) A self-propagating misfolded conformer of a protein that is responsible for a number of diseases that affect the brain and other neural tissue.


lexentry: eng/prior__Adjective__1
written_rep: prior
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: априо́рный
sense_list:
(Bayesian, _, statistics) Chiefly in prior probability: of the probability of an event: determined without knowledge of the occurrence of other events that bear on it, before additional data is collected.


lexentry: eng/prior__Noun__1
written_rep: prior
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: априорное распределение вероятностей
sense_list:
(Bayesian, _, statistics) A prior probability distribution, that is, one determined without knowledge of the occurrence of other events that bear on it, before additional data is collected. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/prior_knowledge__Noun__1
written_rep: prior knowledge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сознание
sense_list:
(criminal law) Knowledge of a set of circumstances sufficient to make actions based on those circumstances wrongful.


lexentry: eng/prioritize__Verb__1
written_rep: prioritize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: приоритизи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To arrange or list a group of things in order of priority or importance. | (transitive) To rank something as having high priority.


lexentry: eng/prism__Noun__1
written_rep: prism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: при́зма | призма
sense_list:
(geometry) A polyhedron with parallel ends of the same polygonal shape and size, the other faces being parallelogram-shaped sides. | (optics) A transparent block in the shape of a prism (sense 1), typically with triangular ends, used to reflect or refract light.


lexentry: eng/prison__Noun__1
written_rep: prison
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тюрьма́ | зо́на | казема́т | катала́жка | куту́зка | остро́г
sense_list:
A place or institution where people are held against their will, in the US especially for long-term confinement, as of those convicted of serious crimes or otherwise considered undesirable by the government.


lexentry: eng/prison_guard__Noun__1
written_rep: prison guard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тюре́мный охра́нник | тюре́мщик
sense_list:
(law enforcement) An armed person working to provide order, security, discipline, punishment, and prevent escapes of prisoners in a jail that answers to a warden.


lexentry: eng/prisoner_of_war__Noun__1
written_rep: prisoner of war
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: военнопле́нный | пле́нный
sense_list:
A combatant or soldier who is captured by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/privacy__Noun__1
written_rep: privacy
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (uncountable) The state of being secluded from the presence, sight, or knowledge of others.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[личный|ли́чное]] [[простра́нство]] | [[неприкоснове́нность]] [[частный|ча́стной]] [[жизнь|жи́зни]] | конфиденциа́льность | пра́йвеси | прива́тность | секре́тность


lexentry: eng/privacy_policy__Noun__1
written_rep: privacy policy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: политика конфиденциальности
sense_list:
(legal) A statement detailing policies that an organization or party uses to collect or hide information about an end user or customer of the organization, particularly where it concerns private information.


lexentry: eng/private_car__Noun__1
written_rep: private car
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: личное авто
sense_list:
A car that is for personal use and owned privately, as opposed to a company car or official car etc.


lexentry: eng/private_detective__Noun__1
written_rep: private detective
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ча́стный детекти́в | ча́стный сы́щик
sense_list:
Person who is not a government official who is hired to provide information about a person or group that is not widely available


lexentry: eng/private_first_class__Noun__1
written_rep: private first class
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ефре́йтор
sense_list:
(US) An enlisted rank in the United States Army, of rank E-3, ranking above a private and below a corporal or specialist.


lexentry: eng/private_international_law__Noun__1
written_rep: private international law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: междунаро́дное ча́стное пра́во
sense_list:
The law of a state that decides the law of which state is applied to legal relationships in civil and commercial matters that contain foreign elements.


lexentry: eng/private_life__Noun__1
written_rep: private life
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ли́чная жизнь | ча́стная жизнь
sense_list:
The aspects of one's life that are personal, such as family, friends and other personal relationships, as opposed to the elements that make up one's public or professional life.


lexentry: eng/private_message__Noun__1
written_rep: private message
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: личное сообщение
sense_list:
(Internet) A message sent to another user of a social media or chat platform through a private channel as opposed to a publicly accessible area or chatroom.


lexentry: eng/private_parts__Noun__1
written_rep: private parts
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: инти́мные ча́сти те́ла | срамны́е места́
sense_list:
(euphemistic) Those parts of the human body commonly expected to be covered by clothing when in public; especially, the pubic area.


lexentry: eng/private_property__Noun__1
written_rep: private property
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ча́стная со́бственность
sense_list:
(law, property law) Property to which individuals or corporations have certain exclusive property rights, but do not necessarily possess.


lexentry: eng/private_sector__Noun__1
written_rep: private sector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ча́стный се́ктор
sense_list:
(business) All organizations in an economy or jurisdiction that are not controlled by government, including privately owned businesses and not-for-profit organizations.


lexentry: eng/privateer__Noun__1
written_rep: privateer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́пер | корса́р | привати́р
sense_list:
(historical) A privately owned warship that acted under a letter of marque to attack enemy merchant ships and take possession of their cargo. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/privation__Noun__1
written_rep: privation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дефект
sense_list:
(philosophy) The state of being deprived of or lacking an attribute formerly or properly possessed; the loss or absence of such an attribute.


lexentry: eng/privilege__Noun__1
written_rep: privilege
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: привиле́гия | льго́та
sense_list:
(countable) A particular benefit, advantage, or favor; a right or immunity enjoyed by some but not others; a prerogative, preferential treatment. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/privilege__Noun__1
written_rep: privilege
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: право
sense_list:
(computing) An ability to perform an action on the system that can be selectively granted or denied to users.


lexentry: eng/prize__Noun__1
written_rep: prize
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: добы́ча | трофе́й
sense_list:
That which is taken from another; something captured; a thing seized by force, stratagem, or superior power.


lexentry: eng/prize__Noun__1
written_rep: prize
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: трофе́й
sense_list:
(military, nautical) Anything captured by a belligerent using the rights of war; especially, property captured at sea in virtue of the rights of war, as a vessel.


lexentry: eng/prize__Noun__1
written_rep: prize
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: приз | награ́да | пре́мия
sense_list:
An honour or reward striven for in a competitive contest; anything offered to be competed for, or as an inducement to, or reward of, effort.


lexentry: eng/pro-choice__Adjective__1
written_rep: pro-choice
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: прочойс
sense_list:
Supportive in general of a person's right to choose; supportive of self-determination, bodily integrity, and individual sovereignty.


lexentry: eng/pro_forma__Adjective__1
written_rep: pro forma
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: для проформы
sense_list:
Occurring, undertaken, or performed as a perfunctory matter, in the interest of form, or for the sake of formality.


lexentry: eng/probability__Noun__1
written_rep: probability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вероя́тность
sense_list:
An event that is likely to occur. | The relative likelihood of an event happening. | (mathematics) A number, between 0 and 1, expressing the precise likelihood of an event happening.


lexentry: eng/probability_distribution__Noun__1
written_rep: probability distribution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: распреде́ление вероя́тностей
sense_list:
(statistics) A distribution of all possible values of a random variable together with an indication of their probabilities.


lexentry: eng/probability_theory__Noun__1
written_rep: probability theory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тео́рия вероя́тности
sense_list:
(mathematics) The mathematical study of probability (the likelihood of occurrence of random events in order to predict the behavior of defined systems).


lexentry: eng/probable_cause__Noun__1
written_rep: probable cause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доста́точное основа́ние
sense_list:
(US, law, uncountable) Reasonable grounds for making an arrest or conducting a personal or property search.


lexentry: eng/probation__Noun__1
written_rep: probation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: испыта́тельный срок
sense_list:
A period of time when a person occupies a position only conditionally and may be removed if certain conditions are not met.


lexentry: eng/probation_officer__Noun__1
written_rep: probation officer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сотрудник по условно-досрочному освобождению
sense_list:
A law enforcement officer who supervises offenders who have been released from incarceration and, often, recommends sentencing in courts of law.


lexentry: eng/probative__Adjective__1
written_rep: probative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доказа́тельный
sense_list:
(legal) Tending to prove a particular proposition or to persuade someone of the truth of an allegation.


lexentry: eng/probe__Noun__1
written_rep: probe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зонд | щуп
sense_list:
(surgery) Any of various medical instruments used to explore wounds, organs, etc. [from 15th c.] | (sciences) A small device, especially an electrode, used to explore, investigate or measure something by penetrating or being placed in it. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/probe__Noun__1
written_rep: probe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: зонд | АМС | автомати́ческая межплане́тная ста́нция
sense_list:
(aeronautics) A tube attached to an aircraft which can be fitted into the drogue from a tanker aircraft to allow for aerial refuelling. [from 20th c.] | (astronautics) A small, usually uncrewed, spacecraft used to acquire information or measurements about its surroundings. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/problem__Noun__1
written_rep: problem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пробле́ма | проблема
sense_list:
A difficulty that has to be resolved or dealt with. | Difficulty in accepting or understanding or refusal to accept or understand.


lexentry: eng/problem_child__Noun__1
written_rep: problem child
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тру́дный ребёнок
sense_list:
(euphemistic) A child who is particularly difficult to raise or educate, especially due to a lack of self-control and disruptive and antisocial behavior.


lexentry: eng/problematic__Adjective__1
written_rep: problematic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проблемати́чный
sense_list:
Not settled, uncertain, of uncertain outcome; debatable, questionable, open to doubt. | Posing a problem; having or suffering from problem(s):


lexentry: eng/procedural_law__Noun__1
written_rep: procedural law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: процессуа́льное пра́во
sense_list:
(legal) The law that comprises the rule by which a court hears and determines what happens in civil or criminal proceedings.


lexentry: eng/procedure__Noun__1
written_rep: procedure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: проце́сс | процеду́ра
sense_list:
A series of small tasks or steps taken to accomplish an end. | (uncountable) The set of established forms or methods of an organized body for accomplishing a certain task or tasks. | The steps taken in an action or other legal proceeding.


lexentry: eng/proceeding__Noun__1
written_rep: proceeding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: акт
sense_list:
(always in plural) A published collection of papers presented at an academic conference, or representing the acts of a learned society.


lexentry: eng/process__Noun__1
written_rep: process
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: процесс
sense_list:
(biology) Successive physiological responses to keep or restore health. | (computing) An executable task or program.


lexentry: eng/process_worker__Noun__1
written_rep: process worker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: производственны́й рабо́чий
sense_list:
An unskilled or semiskilled worker who is responsible for running processing machinery in a factory.


lexentry: eng/processed_cheese__Noun__1
written_rep: processed cheese
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пла́вленый сыр
sense_list:
Any of several types of natural cheese that are pasteurized to lengthen storage life and combined with emulsifiers to aid smoothness. In some cases, processed cheeses contain added colorings and preservatives.


lexentry: eng/processing__Noun__1
written_rep: processing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обрабо́тка
sense_list:
The action of the verb to process. | The act of taking something through a set of prescribed procedures.


lexentry: eng/procession__Noun__1
written_rep: procession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: проце́ссия | верени́ца | ше́ствие
sense_list:
A group of people or things moving along in an orderly, stately, or solemn manner; a train of persons advancing in order; a retinue.


lexentry: eng/proclaim__Verb__1
written_rep: proclaim
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: объяви́ть | объявля́ть | провозгласи́ть | провозглаша́ть
sense_list:
To announce or declare. | (dated, or, historical) To make [something] the subject of an official proclamation bringing it within the scope of emergency powers


lexentry: eng/proclivity__Noun__1
written_rep: proclivity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скло́нность
sense_list:
A predisposition or natural inclination, propensity, or a predilection; especially, a strong disposition or bent.


lexentry: eng/procrustean_bed__Noun__1
written_rep: procrustean bed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прокрустово ло́же
sense_list:
An arbitrary standard, especially one that is forced upon people for the sake of conformity and involves the sacrifice of what is useful.


lexentry: eng/proctology__Noun__1
written_rep: proctology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проктоло́гия
sense_list:
The branch of medicine dealing with the pathology of the colon, rectum, and anus. | (dated) The branch of medicine dealing with the surgery of the colon, rectum, and anus.


lexentry: eng/proctor__Noun__1
written_rep: proctor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наблюда́тель
sense_list:
(North America, Philippines) A person who supervises students as they take an examination, in the United States at the college/university level; often the department secretary, or a fellow/graduate student; an invigilator.


lexentry: eng/prodigal_son__Noun__1
written_rep: prodigal son
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блу́дный сын
sense_list:
Someone who returns home from travelling or exile or who is welcomed back after disgrace, especially having repented of former extravagant or immoral behavior.


lexentry: eng/prodrome__Noun__1
written_rep: prodrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: продром
sense_list:
(medicine) An early sign or symptom (or set of signs and symptoms) warning of the onset of a disease.


lexentry: eng/producer__Noun__1
written_rep: producer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: продю́сер | производи́тель | производи́тельница
sense_list:
(UK, Irish, slang) An arrest for speeding after which the driver is allowed seven (in the UK) or ten (in Ireland) days to produce his/her driving licence and related documents at a police station.


lexentry: eng/producer_good__Noun__1
written_rep: producer good
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полуфабрикат
sense_list:
(economics) An item of goods, such as partly finished goods, used as an input in the production of other goods.


lexentry: eng/producer_price_index__Noun__1
written_rep: producer price index
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́ндекс цен производи́телей
sense_list:
(economics) A price index that measures the average changes in prices received by domestic producers for their output.


lexentry: eng/product__Noun__1
written_rep: product
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: продукция
sense_list:
Any tangible or intangible good or service that is a result of a process and that is intended for delivery to a customer or end user.


lexentry: eng/product__Noun__1
written_rep: product
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: произведе́ние | произведение
sense_list:
(mathematics) Any operation or a result thereof which generalises multiplication of numbers, like the multiplicative operation in a ring, product of types or a categorical product.


lexentry: eng/product_placement__Noun__1
written_rep: product placement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: про́дакт-пле́йсмент
sense_list:
(marketing) A form of advertising where a brand or product is incorporated into non-advertising media such as films.


lexentry: eng/production__Noun__1
written_rep: production
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: изде́лия | проду́кция
sense_list:
That which is manufactured or is ready for manufacturing in volume (as opposed to a prototype or conceptual model).


lexentry: eng/production_line__Noun__1
written_rep: production line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пото́чная ли́ния
sense_list:
(manufacturing) A set of sequential operations established in a factory whereby materials are put through a refining process or components are assembled to make a finished article.


lexentry: eng/productivity__Noun__1
written_rep: productivity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: производи́тельность | производительность
sense_list:
The rate at which goods or services are produced by a standard population of workers; those workers' degree of efficiency.


lexentry: eng/productization__Noun__1
written_rep: productization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: продуктизация
sense_list:
(computing, business) The act of modifying something, such as a concept or a tool internal to an organization, to make it suitable as a commercial product.


lexentry: eng/profane__Adjective__1
written_rep: profane
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: богоху́льный
sense_list:
Treating sacred things with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or scorn; blasphemous, impious. | Irreverent in language; taking the name of God in vain.


lexentry: eng/profanity__Noun__1
written_rep: profanity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: богоху́льство | профана́ция
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being profane; quality of irreverence, of treating sacred things with contempt.


lexentry: eng/profess__Verb__1
written_rep: profess
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преподава́ть | провозглашать
sense_list:
(transitive, chiefly, passive) To administer the vows of a religious order to (someone); to admit to a religious order. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/profess__Verb__1
written_rep: profess
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: провозглашать
sense_list:
(transitive) To make a claim (to be something); to lay claim to (a given quality, feeling etc.), often with connotations of insincerity. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/profession__Noun__1
written_rep: profession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вероиспове́дание
sense_list:
The declaration of belief in the principles of a religion; hence, one's faith or religion. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/professional__Adjective__1
written_rep: professional
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: профессиона́льный
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or in accordance with the (usually high) standards of a profession. | That is carried out for money, especially as a livelihood. | (by extension) Expert.


lexentry: eng/professional_wrestling__Noun__1
written_rep: professional wrestling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: реслинг | рестлинг
sense_list:
A form of sports entertainment characterized by the performance of choreographed wrestling matches with predetermined outcomes.


lexentry: eng/professionalism__Noun__1
written_rep: professionalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: профессионали́зм
sense_list:
The status, methods, character or standards expected of a professional or of a professional organization, such as reliability, discretion, evenhandedness, and fair play. | The use of professionals rather than amateurs in any sport etc.


lexentry: eng/professor__Noun__1
written_rep: professor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: профе́ссор | профе́ссорша | профессор
sense_list:
(US, Philippines, informal) A teacher or faculty member at a college or university regardless of formal rank.


lexentry: eng/profile__Noun__1
written_rep: profile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: про́филь
sense_list:
(countable) The outermost shape, view, or edge of an object. | (countable) A summary or collection of information, especially about a person | (figurative, uncountable) Reputation, prominence; noticeability. | (uncountable) The amount by which something protrudes.


lexentry: eng/profit__Noun__1
written_rep: profit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прибыль
sense_list:
(accounting, economics) Total income or cash flow minus expenditures. The money or other benefit a non-governmental organization or individual receives in exchange for products and services sold at an advertised price.


lexentry: eng/profiteering__Noun__1
written_rep: profiteering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: спекуля́ция
sense_list:
The act of making an unreasonable profit not justified by the corresponding assumption of risk, or by doing so unethically or opportunistically.


lexentry: eng/profound__Adjective__1
written_rep: profound
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глубо́кий
sense_list:
Descending far below the surface; opening or reaching to great depth; deep. | Characterized by intensity; deeply felt; pervading


lexentry: eng/profound__Adjective__1
written_rep: profound
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: глубо́кий | му́дрый | основательный
sense_list:
Intellectually deep; entering far into subjects; reaching to the bottom of a matter, or of a branch of learning; thorough


lexentry: eng/progeria__Noun__1
written_rep: progeria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прогерия
sense_list:
(pathology) An extremely rare genetic condition wherein symptoms resembling aspects of aging are manifested at an early age.


lexentry: eng/progesterone__Noun__1
written_rep: progesterone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прогестерон
sense_list:
(steroid hormone, uncountable) A steroid hormone, secreted by the ovaries, whose function is to prepare the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized ovum and to maintain pregnancy.


lexentry: eng/prognosis__Noun__1
written_rep: prognosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прогно́з
sense_list:
A forecast of the future course or outcome of a situation based on what is presently known; a prediction. [from mid 17th c.] | (medicine) A forecast of the future course or outcome of a disease or disorder based on current medical knowledge. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/program__Noun__1
written_rep: program
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: програ́мма | программа
sense_list:
A set of structured activities; a plan of action. | (politics) A set of principal goals which are supported by a political party or individual candidate.


lexentry: eng/program__Verb__1
written_rep: program
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[писа́ть]] [[программа|програ́мму]] | программи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To enter a program or other instructions into (a computer or other electronic device) to instruct it to do a particular task.


lexentry: eng/program_trading__Noun__1
written_rep: program trading
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: высокочасто́тная торго́вля
sense_list:
(business, finance, computing) High-volume and high-speed buying and selling of investment securities, such as stocks and bonds, which is initiated and executed by brokerage firms' computer programs that continually monitor market conditions.


lexentry: eng/programming_language__Noun__1
written_rep: programming language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: язы́к программи́рования | язык программирования
sense_list:
(programming) A code of reserved words and symbols used in computer programs, which give instructions to the computer on how to accomplish certain computing tasks.


lexentry: eng/progress__Noun__1
written_rep: progress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: продвиже́ние
sense_list:
Movement or advancement through a series of events, or points in time; development through time. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/progress_bar__Noun__1
written_rep: progress bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: индика́тор выполне́ния | индика́тор проце́сса
sense_list:
(graphical user interface) A bar that indicates the progression of a task by gradually filling its empty space with solid colour.


lexentry: eng/progressive__Noun__2
written_rep: progressive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прогресси́вный де́ятель | прогресси́вный челове́к | сторонник прогресса | член прогрессивной партии
sense_list:
A person who actively favors or strives for progress towards improved conditions, as in society or government.


lexentry: eng/progressive_rock__Noun__1
written_rep: progressive rock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прог-рок | прогрессивный рок
sense_list:
(music genre) A rock music genre originating from the late 1960s and early 1970s, heavily influenced by classical music and jazz.


lexentry: eng/project_management__Noun__1
written_rep: project management
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: управле́ние проектами
sense_list:
(operations) The discipline of organizing and managing resources (e.g. people) in such a way that a project is completed within defined scope, quality, time and cost constraints.


lexentry: eng/projection__Noun__1
written_rep: projection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́ступ
sense_list:
Something which projects, protrudes, juts out, sticks out, or stands out. | The action of projecting or throwing or propelling something.


lexentry: eng/projection__Noun__1
written_rep: projection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: прое́кция
sense_list:
The display of an image by devices such as movie projector, video projector, overhead projector or slide projector.


lexentry: eng/projection__Noun__1
written_rep: projection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: проекция
sense_list:
(psychology) A belief or assumption that others have similar thoughts and experiences to one's own, including making accusations that would more fittingly apply to the accuser. | (geometry) An image of an object on a surface of fewer dimensions. | (mathematics) A transformation which extracts a fragment of a mathematical object.


lexentry: eng/projective_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: projective geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проекти́вная геоме́трия
sense_list:
(mathematics) The branch of mathematics that investigates those properties of figures that are invariant under homographies, special kinds of spaces called projective spaces, and the geometric structures that inhabit them.


lexentry: eng/projector__Noun__1
written_rep: projector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: прое́ктор | проектор
sense_list:
An optical device that projects a beam of light, especially one used to project an image (or moving images) onto a screen. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/prokaryote__Noun__1
written_rep: prokaryote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прокарио́та
sense_list:
An organism whose cell (or cells) are characterized by the absence of a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles.


lexentry: eng/prolactin__Noun__1
written_rep: prolactin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пролакти́н | пролактин
sense_list:
(hormone) A peptide gonadotrophic hormone secreted by the pituitary gland; it stimulates growth of the mammary glands and lactation in females.


lexentry: eng/prolative_case__Noun__1
written_rep: prolative case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пролатив
sense_list:
(grammar) A declension, in some languages, of a noun or pronoun that has the basic meaning of "by way of".


lexentry: eng/prolegomenon__Noun__1
written_rep: prolegomenon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пролего́мен
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) A prefatory discussion; a formal essay or critical discussion serving to introduce and interpret an extended work.


lexentry: eng/proleptic__Adjective__1
written_rep: proleptic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: преждевре́менный
sense_list:
(of a calendar) Extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption; of those used to adjust to or from the Julian calendar or Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/proletariat__Noun__1
written_rep: proletariat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пролетариа́т | пролетариат
sense_list:
(often, derogatory, also, figuratively) The lowest class of society; also, the lower classes of society generally; the masses. | (Marxism) Wage earners collectively; people who own no capital and depend on their labour for survival; the working class, especially when seen as engaged in a class struggle with the bourgeoisie. | (chiefly, Ancient Rome, historical) The lowest class of citizens, who had no property and few rights, and were regarded as contributing only their offspring to the state.


lexentry: eng/proliferate__Verb__1
written_rep: proliferate
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (ambitransitive) To increase in number or spread rapidly; to multiply.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
размно́житься | размножа́ться | распространи́ть | распространи́ться | распространя́ть | распространя́ться


lexentry: eng/proliferation__Noun__1
written_rep: proliferation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: размноже́ние | разраста́ние | распростране́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The process by which an organism produces others of its kind; breeding, propagation, procreation, reproduction.


lexentry: eng/proliferation__Noun__1
written_rep: proliferation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пролифера́ция | рост | увеличе́ние
sense_list:
(countable) The act of increasing, rising, or proliferating; augmentation, amplification, enlargement, escalation, aggrandizement.


lexentry: eng/proliferation__Noun__1
written_rep: proliferation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: распростране́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) In paticular, the spread (proliferating) of biochemical, nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction to countries not originally involved in developing them.


lexentry: eng/prolific__Adjective__1
written_rep: prolific
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оби́льный | плодови́тый | плодоно́сный | урожа́йный
sense_list:
Fertile; producing offspring or fruit in abundance, applied to plants producing fruit, animals producing young, etc.


lexentry: eng/proline__Noun__1
written_rep: proline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пролин
sense_list:
(amino acid) A nonessential amino acid C5H9NO2 found in most animal proteins, especially collagen; its cyclic structure leads to kinks in the peptide chain of proteins.


lexentry: eng/prolong__Verb__1
written_rep: prolong
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: продлева́ть | продли́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To extend in space or length. | (transitive) To lengthen in time; to extend the duration of


lexentry: eng/prom__Noun__1
written_rep: prom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бал | выпускно́й ве́чер | пром
sense_list:
(US) A formal ball held at a high school or college on special occasions; e.g., near the end of the academic year.


lexentry: eng/promenade__Noun__1
written_rep: promenade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пешехо́дная у́лица | промена́д | эсплана́да
sense_list:
A place where one takes a walk for leisurely pleasure, or for exercise, especially a terrace by the seaside.


lexentry: eng/prominence__Noun__1
written_rep: prominence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: относительная высота́
sense_list:
(topography) Autonomous height; relative height or prime factor; a concept used in the categorization of hills and mountains.


lexentry: eng/promise__Verb__1
written_rep: promise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обеща́ть | пообеща́ть | обещать
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, ditransitive) To commit to (some action or outcome), or to assure (a person) of such commitment; to make an oath or vow.


lexentry: eng/promissory_note__Noun__1
written_rep: promissory note
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ве́ксель | долгова́я распи́ска
sense_list:
(finance) A document saying that someone owes a specific amount of money to someone else, often with the deadline and interest fees; the primary purposes of a promissory note are to evidence the debt obligation incurred, and to establish terms for payment thereof.


lexentry: eng/promote__Verb__1
written_rep: promote
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: продви́нуть
sense_list:
(transitive) To advocate or urge on behalf of (something or someone); to attempt to popularize or sell by means of advertising or publicity.


lexentry: eng/promotional__Adjective__1
written_rep: promotional
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: реклама
sense_list:
Of or relating to an advertising promotion; serving to promote a service, institution, business, etc.


lexentry: eng/prompt__Noun__1
written_rep: prompt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: подска́зка | приглаше́ние | промпт
sense_list:
(computing) A sequence of characters that is displayed to indicate that a computer is ready to receive input.


lexentry: eng/prompt__Verb__1
written_rep: prompt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: суфли́ровать | внуша́ть | побужда́ть | подска́зывать
sense_list:
(transitive, theater, and, television) To show or tell (an actor/person) the words they should be saying, or actions they should be doing.


lexentry: eng/prompter's_box__Noun__1
written_rep: prompter's box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: суфлёрская бу́дка
sense_list:
The raised box in the apron of a stage, opening towards the actors. The prompter sits inside with the prompter's book, ready to give cues for missed or forgotten lines.


lexentry: eng/prone__Adjective__1
written_rep: prone
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лежа́щий ничко́м | лицо́м вниз | лёжа
sense_list:
Lying face-down. | Of the hand, forearm or foot: turned facing away from the body; with the thumb inward or big toe downward.


lexentry: eng/pronoia__Noun__1
written_rep: pronoia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: про́ния
sense_list:
(historical, Byzantine Empire) An imperial grant to an individual of temporary fiscal rights in the form of land, incomes or taxes from land, fishing rights, etc., sometimes carrying with it an obligation of military service.


lexentry: eng/pronominal_adverb__Noun__1
written_rep: pronominal adverb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: местоименное наречие
sense_list:
(grammar) An adverb which contains a pronominal element; generally such an adverb replaces a phrase of preposition + pronoun.


lexentry: eng/pronominal_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: pronominal verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: возвратный глагол
sense_list:
(linguistics, grammar) A form of verb that has an attached pronoun in some languages (e.g. French, Spanish).


lexentry: eng/pronoun__Noun__1
written_rep: pronoun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: местоимение | местоиме́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A type of word that refers anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase, but which cannot ordinarily be preceded by a determiner and rarely takes an attributive adjective.


lexentry: eng/pronounce__Verb__1
written_rep: pronounce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: объяви́ть | объявля́ть | провозгла́шать | провозгласи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To declare formally, officially or ceremoniously. | (transitive) To declare authoritatively, or as a formal expert opinion.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
written_rep: proof
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доказа́тельство | пруф | доказательство
sense_list:
(countable) An effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
written_rep: proof
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: доказательство
sense_list:
(uncountable) The degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments which induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration. | (countable, mathematics) A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Compare prove, transitive verb, 5.


lexentry: eng/proof__Noun__1
written_rep: proof
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: корректу́ра
sense_list:
(countable, printing) A proof sheet; a trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination.


lexentry: eng/proof_by_contradiction__Noun__1
written_rep: proof by contradiction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доказа́тельство от проти́вного
sense_list:
(mathematics, logic) The proof of a statement adduced by deriving a contradiction from the statement's negation.


lexentry: eng/proofread__Verb__1
written_rep: proofread
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корректи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive, and, intransitive) To check a written text for errors in spelling, grammar, syntax, and punctuation.


lexentry: eng/prop__Noun__2
written_rep: prop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: реквизит
sense_list:
(theater, film) An item placed on a stage or set to create a scene or scenario in which actors perform.


lexentry: eng/propaganda__Noun__1
written_rep: propaganda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропага́нда | агита́ция | пропаганда
sense_list:
(religion, historical) The propagation of the faith by the Catholic Church by means of missionary work etc.


lexentry: eng/propaganda_of_the_deed__Noun__1
written_rep: propaganda of the deed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропага́нда де́лом | пропага́нда посту́пком
sense_list:
A politically motivated act of violence, meant to broadcast an ideological message and serve as catalyst to ignite a spirit of socialist revolution among the proletariat against perceived oppressors.


lexentry: eng/propagate__Verb__1
written_rep: propagate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: размно́жить | размно́житься | размножа́ть | размножа́ться | распространи́ть | распространя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To spread from person to person; to extend the knowledge of; to originate and spread; to carry from place to place; to disseminate.


lexentry: eng/propagate__Verb__1
written_rep: propagate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: размно́житься | размножа́ться
sense_list:
(biology, intransitive) To produce young; to be produced or multiplied by generation, or by new shoots or plants.


lexentry: eng/propagation__Noun__1
written_rep: propagation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: распростране́ние
sense_list:
The dissemination of something to a larger area or greater number. | (physics) The act of propagating, especially the movement of a wave.


lexentry: eng/propel__Verb__1
written_rep: propel
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дви́гать | продвига́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To provide an impetus for motion or physical action; to cause to move in a certain direction; to drive or push forward.


lexentry: eng/propellant__Noun__1
written_rep: propellant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: топливо
sense_list:
fuel, oxidizer, reaction mass or mixture for one or more engines (especially internal combustion engines or jet engines) that is carried within a vehicle prior to use


lexentry: eng/propeller__Noun__1
written_rep: propeller
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: винт | возду́шный винт | пропе́ллер
sense_list:
A mechanical device with evenly-shaped blades that turn on a shaft to push against air or water, especially one used to propel an aircraft or boat.


lexentry: eng/proper__Adjective__1
written_rep: proper
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: со́бственный
sense_list:
(grammar) Used to designate a particular person, place, or thing. Proper nouns are usually written with an initial capital letter. [14th c.]


lexentry: eng/proper_noun__Noun__1
written_rep: proper noun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́мя со́бственное | о́ним | имя собственное
sense_list:
(grammar) A word or phrase that is a noun denoting a particular person, place, organization, ship, animal, event, or other individual entity.


lexentry: eng/property__Noun__1
written_rep: property
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: сво́йство
sense_list:
(computing) An editable or read-only parameter associated with an application, component or class; especially (OOP) one that encapsulates an underlying variable.


lexentry: eng/property_rights__Noun__1
written_rep: property rights
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пра́во собственности
sense_list:
(legal) The exclusive rights pertaining to the ownership and possession of a given piece of property.


lexentry: eng/propfan__Noun__1
written_rep: propfan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: турбовентиляторный дви́гатель
sense_list:
(aviation) A modified turbofan jet engine with the propeller outside the engine duct of an aircraft.


lexentry: eng/propiska__Noun__1
written_rep: propiska
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропи́ска
sense_list:
a system of population control in the ex-USSR, (regional) residence permit, registration | (by extension) domicile, place where one lives (as stated in the stamp)


lexentry: eng/propitiation__Noun__1
written_rep: propitiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: умилостивле́ние | умиротворе́ние
sense_list:
The act of propitiating; placation, atonement, similar to expiation but also involving the appeasement of anger.


lexentry: eng/propolis__Noun__1
written_rep: propolis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропо́лис
sense_list:
An aromatic glue-like substance produced by honeybees from tree resin, waxes, and their own secretions, used in the construction of their hives.


lexentry: eng/proportional__Adjective__1
written_rep: proportional
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропорциона́льный
sense_list:
(mathematics) At a constant ratio (to). Two magnitudes (numbers) are said to be proportional if the second varies in a direct relation arithmetically to the first. Symbol: ∝.


lexentry: eng/proportional_representation__Noun__1
written_rep: proportional representation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропорциональная избирательная система
sense_list:
A voting principle aimed at securing a close match between the percentage of votes that groups of candidates (usually political parties) obtain in elections, and the percentage of seats they receive in the elected body.


lexentry: eng/proposal__Noun__1
written_rep: proposal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предложе́ние
sense_list:
(legal) The offer by a party of what they have in view as to an intended business transaction, which, with acceptance, constitutes a contract. | Something which is proposed, or offered for consideration or acceptance. | The act of asking someone to be one's spouse; an offer of marriage.


lexentry: eng/proposition__Noun__1
written_rep: proposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: проект
sense_list:
(countable, US, politics) In some states, a proposed statute or constitutional amendment to be voted on by the electorate.


lexentry: eng/proposition__Noun__1
written_rep: proposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: утвержде́ние
sense_list:
(countable, mathematics) An assertion which is provably true, but not important enough to be called a theorem.


lexentry: eng/proppant__Noun__1
written_rep: proppant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[раскли́нивающий]] [[наполни́тель]] | проппа́нт
sense_list:
Sand or similar particulate material suspended in water or other fluid and used in hydraulic fracturing (fracking) to keep fissures open.


lexentry: eng/proprietary__Adjective__1
written_rep: proprietary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: проприета́рный
sense_list:
Created or manufactured exclusively by the owner or licensee of intellectual property rights, as with a patent or trade secret.


lexentry: eng/propriety__Noun__1
written_rep: propriety
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: благопристо́йность | присто́йность
sense_list:
(often, in the plural) Correctness in behaviour and morals; good manners, seemliness. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/propulsion__Noun__1
written_rep: propulsion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дви́жущая си́ла | пропу́льсия
sense_list:
The process of propelling, driving, or pushing, typically forward or onward; a propulsive force or impulse.


lexentry: eng/propyl__Noun__1
written_rep: propyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пропи́л
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C3H7, formally derived from propane by the loss of a hydrogen atom. [from 1850]


lexentry: eng/prorector__Noun__1
written_rep: prorector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проре́ктор
sense_list:
An officer who presides over the academic senate of a university in certain countries, especially Germany.


lexentry: eng/prorogue__Verb__1
written_rep: prorogue
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: откладывать
sense_list:
(transitive) To suspend (a parliamentary session) or to discontinue the meetings of (an assembly, parliament etc.) without formally ending the session. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/prosaic__Adjective__1
written_rep: prosaic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прозаический
sense_list:
Pertaining to or having the characteristics of prose. | (main usage, usually of writing or speaking but also figurative) Overly plain, simple or commonplace, to the point of being boring.


lexentry: eng/prosecution__Noun__1
written_rep: prosecution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: обвине́ние | прокурату́ра | сторона́ обвине́ния
sense_list:
(legal) In many countries, a legal body and institution, usually part of the state apparatus, empowered to perform prosecution. Prosecutor's Office. See Prosecutor.


lexentry: eng/prosecutor__Noun__1
written_rep: prosecutor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: обвини́тель | обвини́тельница | прокуро́р
sense_list:
(law) A person, as a complainant, victim, or chief witness, who institutes prosecution in a criminal proceeding.


lexentry: eng/proselytize__Verb__1
written_rep: proselytize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обраща́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, broadly) To advertise one’s religious beliefs; to convert (someone) to one’s own faith or religious movement or encourage them to do so.


lexentry: eng/proselytize__Verb__1
written_rep: proselytize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: завлека́ть
sense_list:
(by extension, ambitransitive) To advertise a non-religious belief, way of living, cause, point of view, (scientific) hypothesis, social or other position, political party, or other organization; to convince someone to join such a cause or organization or support such a position; to recruit someone.


lexentry: eng/prosimian__Noun__1
written_rep: prosimian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полуобезья́на
sense_list:
A primate that is not a monkey or an ape, generally nocturnal with large eyes and ears. Such primates were formerly grouped in the suborder Prosimii, but are now considered a paraphyletic group and not a clade.


lexentry: eng/prosody__Noun__1
written_rep: prosody
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: просо́дия
sense_list:
(linguistics) The study of rhythm, intonation, stress, and related attributes in speech. | (poetry) The study of poetic meter; the patterns of sounds and rhythms in verse.


lexentry: eng/prosopagnosia__Noun__1
written_rep: prosopagnosia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прозопагнозия
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology, psychology) A form of visual agnosia characterized by difficulty with face recognition despite intact low-level visual processing.


lexentry: eng/prosopopoeia__Noun__1
written_rep: prosopopoeia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: олицетворе́ние, воплоще́ние
sense_list:
(rhetoric) An act of personifying a person or object when communicating to an audience; a figure of speech involving this.


lexentry: eng/prospect__Noun__1
written_rep: prospect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вид
sense_list:
The region which the eye overlooks at one time; view; scene; outlook. | A picturesque or panoramic view; a landscape; hence, a sketch of a landscape.


lexentry: eng/prospectus__Noun__1
written_rep: prospectus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проспект
sense_list:
A document, distributed to prospective members, investors, buyers, or participants, which describes an institution (such as a university), a publication, or a business and what it has to offer.


lexentry: eng/prosper__Verb__1
written_rep: prosper
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: благоде́нствовать | преуспева́ть | процвета́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be successful; to succeed; to be fortunate or prosperous; to thrive; to make gain.


lexentry: eng/prosphora__Noun__1
written_rep: prosphora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: просвира́ | просфора́
sense_list:
a holy bread; a small loaf of leavened bread, used for communion in Orthodox Church. Usually consists of two layers, symbolizing the dual nature of Christ.


lexentry: eng/prostate_gland__Noun__1
written_rep: prostate gland
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предста́тельная железа́
sense_list:
(anatomy) A gland in male mammals surrounding the urethra just below the urinary bladder that controls the release of urine from the bladder and produces a secretion that is the fluid part of semen.


lexentry: eng/prostitute__Noun__1
written_rep: prostitute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: проститу́тка | блядь | ку́рва | шлю́ха
sense_list:
A person who does, or offers to do, a demeaning or dishonourable activity for money or personal gain; someone who acts in a dishonourable way for personal advantage. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/prostitute__Verb__1
written_rep: prostitute
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[занима́ться]] [[проституция|проститу́цией]]
sense_list:
(transitive, reflexive) To offer (oneself or someone else) for sexual activity in exchange for money. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/prostitution__Noun__1
written_rep: prostitution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проститу́ция | проституция
sense_list:
Engaging in sexual activity with another person for pay. | (by extension) Debasement for profit or impure motives.


lexentry: eng/protagonist__Noun__1
written_rep: protagonist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[гла́вный]] [[геро́й]] | [[главный|гла́вная]] [[герои́ня]] | протагони́ст | протагони́стка
sense_list:
(authorship) The main character, or one of the main characters, in any story, such as a literary work or drama.


lexentry: eng/protection__Noun__1
written_rep: protection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: контрацепти́в
sense_list:
(economics) Restrictions on foreign competitors which limit their ability to compete with domestic producers of goods or services.


lexentry: eng/protection_money__Noun__1
written_rep: protection money
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
Money paid, especially at regular intervals, to criminals or to corrupt officials who threaten to cause harm to the payer or to his or her business if the money is not paid.

trans_list:
[[пла́та]] за [[защита|защи́ту]] | [[пла́та]] за [[крыша|кры́шу]] | [[пла́та]] за [[покрови́тельство]]


lexentry: eng/protection_racket__Noun__1
written_rep: protection racket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: крышева́ние
sense_list:
(crime) A criminal scheme in which victims are required to pay in order to avoid violence or destruction of property.


lexentry: eng/protectionism__Noun__1
written_rep: protectionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: протекциони́зм | протекционизм
sense_list:
(politics, economics) A system or policy of protecting the domestic producers of a product from foreign competition by imposing tariffs, quotas, duties or other barriers on importations.


lexentry: eng/protectionist__Noun__1
written_rep: protectionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: протекциони́ст | протекциони́стка
sense_list:
Someone who believes in protecting domestic producers by impeding or limiting the importation of foreign goods and services via actions taken by government.


lexentry: eng/protector__Noun__1
written_rep: protector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: проте́ктор
sense_list:
A state or other subject under international law, exercising a protectorate over another subject in international law.


lexentry: eng/protectorate__Noun__1
written_rep: protectorate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: протектора́т | протекторат
sense_list:
(UK, historical) Government by a protector; especially, The Protectorate: government of England, Scotland, and Ireland between 1653 and 1659 under the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth Oliver Cromwell, later his son Richard Cromwell. | The authority assumed by a state over another state deemed inferior or dependent, whereby the former protects the latter from invasion and shares in the management of its affairs but the protected state retains its nominal sovereignty.


lexentry: eng/protein__Noun__1
written_rep: protein
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бело́к | протеи́н | белок
sense_list:
(biochemistry, countable) Any of numerous large, complex naturally-produced molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids, in which the amino acid groups are held together by peptide bonds. | (nutrition, uncountable) One of three major classes of food or source of food energy (4 kcal/gram) abundant in animal-derived foods (meat) and some vegetables, such as legumes.


lexentry: eng/proteome__Noun__1
written_rep: proteome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: протеом
sense_list:
(biochemistry, genetics) The complete set of proteins encoded by a particular genome. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/proteomics__Noun__1
written_rep: proteomics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: протео́мика
sense_list:
(biochemistry) The branch of molecular biology that studies the set of proteins expressed by the genome of an organism.


lexentry: eng/prothesis__Noun__1
written_rep: prothesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проте́за
sense_list:
(phonology) The prepending of phonemes at the beginning of a word without changing its morphological structure, as in Spanish esfera from Greek (via Latin) (without prothesis the word would have become *sfera).


lexentry: eng/prothonotary_warbler__Noun__1
written_rep: prothonotary warbler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лимо́нный певу́н | протонота́риус
sense_list:
A small North American bird, Protonotaria citrea, having a yellow body and blue wings; it breeds in swampland.


lexentry: eng/protist__Noun__1
written_rep: protist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проти́ст
sense_list:
(microbiology) Any of the eukaryotic, usually unicellular organisms—including protozoans, slime molds and some algae—historically grouped into the kingdom Protista (or Protoctista), now distributed over several clades; any eukaryote that is not a plant, animal or fungus.


lexentry: eng/protium__Noun__1
written_rep: protium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: про́тий
sense_list:
(isotope) The lightest and most common isotope of hydrogen, having a single proton and no neutrons: 11H. It is the only stable nuclide with no neutrons.


lexentry: eng/proto-__Prefix__1
written_rep: proto-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: пра-
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) A minimal proportion of a particular substance when in a combination. See protosalt.


lexentry: eng/proto-language__Noun__1
written_rep: proto-language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: праязы́к | праязык
sense_list:
(linguistics) A language which is reconstructed by examining similarities in existing languages in order to deduce the form and aspects of a common ancestor language that is no longer known.


