# translation

lexentry: eng/chiefly__Adverb__1
written_rep: chiefly
part_of_speech: adverb
sense_list: (focus) Mainly or principally; almost entirely.
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
в [[основной|основно́м]] | в [[первый|пе́рвую]] [[о́чередь]] | гла́вным о́бразом | осо́бенно | пе́рвоочерёдно


lexentry: eng/chiffchaff__Noun__1
written_rep: chiffchaff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пе́ночка-тенько́вка | пеночка-теньковка
sense_list:
A small, common warbler, Phylloscopus collybita, with yellowish-green plumage that breeds throughout northern and temperate Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/chiffon__Noun__1
written_rep: chiffon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шифо́н
sense_list:
A lightweight, balanced plain-woven sheer fabric, or gauze, like gossamer, woven of alternate S- and Z-twist crepe (high-twist) yarns made of silk, polyester, or cotton.


lexentry: eng/chiffonier__Noun__1
written_rep: chiffonier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шифонье́р
sense_list:
A tall, elegant chest of drawers, often with a mirror attached. | One who gathers rags and odds and ends; a ragpicker. | A receptacle for rags or shreds.


lexentry: eng/chilblain__Noun__1
written_rep: chilblain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обморо́женное ме́сто | обмороже́ние
sense_list:
An itchy purple red inflammation of the skin, especially of the hands, feet and ears, occurring when capillaries below the skin are damaged by exposure to cold weather (but do not freeze, which would lead to frostbite instead).


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
written_rep: child
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ребёнок | дитя́ | ча́до
sense_list:
(with possessive) One's direct descendant by birth, regardless of age; one's offspring; a son or daughter.


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
written_rep: child
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: доче́рний | ребёнок
sense_list:
(computing) A data item, process, or object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another.


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
written_rep: child
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ребёнок | дитя́
sense_list:
A person considered a product of a place or culture, a member of a tribe or culture, regardless of age.


lexentry: eng/child_abuse__Noun__1
written_rep: child abuse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наси́лие над детьми́
sense_list:
(criminology) Physical, sexual or emotional mistreatment of a child that causes long-term or permanent damage. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/child_bride__Noun__1
written_rep: child bride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: малоле́тняя неве́ста
sense_list:
A very young bride, usually coerced or pressured into nuptials with a much older man, as practiced in some cultures.


lexentry: eng/child_labour__Noun__1
written_rep: child labour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тский труд
sense_list:
(British spelling, Canadian spelling) Work performed by a minor that is prohibited by statute law, or under terms and conditions considered inhumane.


lexentry: eng/child_molester__Noun__1
written_rep: child molester
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: педофил
sense_list:
(criminology) Someone who has committed an act of child molestation; someone who has sexually abused a minor.


lexentry: eng/child_safety_seat__Noun__1
written_rep: child safety seat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тское автокре́сло | де́тское сиде́нье | де́тское уде́рживающее устро́йство
sense_list:
A detachable seat intended to provide additional safety to infants and young children when riding in automobiles, now frequently mandated by law.


lexentry: eng/child_support__Noun__1
written_rep: child support
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: алиме́нты
sense_list:
(legal) The ongoing obligation for a periodic payment made directly or indirectly by an obligor, usually the noncustodial parent, to an obligee, usually the custodial parent or other guardian, for the financial care and support of children of a relationship or marriage that has been terminated, or which never existed.


lexentry: eng/childhood__Noun__1
written_rep: childhood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тство | детство
sense_list:
(mostly, uncountable) The state of being a child. | (by extension) The early stages of development of something.


lexentry: eng/children's_home__Noun__1
written_rep: children's home
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́тский дом | детдо́м
sense_list:
A public institution for the care and protection of children whose parents have died or can no longer care for them.


lexentry: eng/chili__Noun__1
written_rep: chili
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: го́рький пе́рец | кра́сный пе́рец | пе́рец чи́ли | чи́ли
sense_list:
(countable) The pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking.


lexentry: eng/chili_oil__Noun__1
written_rep: chili oil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ма́сло из о́строго пе́рца | ра́ю
sense_list:
A spicy condiment in which crushed dried red chili peppers (and sometimes other ingredients) have been macerated in oil


lexentry: eng/chili_pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: chili pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: го́рький пе́рец | кра́сный пе́рец | пе́рец чи́ли
sense_list:
Any fruit of a plant of the botanical genus Capsicum, which contains capsaicin and typically has a spicy/burning flavour.


lexentry: eng/chiliasm__Noun__1
written_rep: chiliasm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хилиазм | милленаризм
sense_list:
Belief in an earthly thousand-year period of peace and prosperity, sometimes equated with the return of Jesus for that period.


lexentry: eng/chill__Noun__1
written_rep: chill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: моро́з | озно́б | прохла́да | хо́лод
sense_list:
A sudden penetrating sense of cold, especially one that causes a brief trembling nerve response through the body; the trembling response itself; often associated with illness: fevers and chills, or susceptibility to illness.


lexentry: eng/chill__Noun__1
written_rep: chill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: дрожь | моро́з | озно́б | прохла́да | хо́лод
sense_list:
An uncomfortable and numbing sense of fear, dread, anxiety, or alarm, often one that is sudden and usually accompanied by a trembling nerve response resembling the body's response to biting cold.


lexentry: eng/chimaera__Noun__1
written_rep: chimaera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: химера
sense_list:
A cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin


lexentry: eng/chime__Noun__1
written_rep: chime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: звон | звоно́к | колоко́льчики | молото́к
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument producing a sound when struck, similar to a bell (e.g. a tubular metal bar) or actually a bell. Often used in the plural to refer to the set: the chimes.


lexentry: eng/chime__Verb__1
written_rep: chime
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: звене́ть | звони́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make the sound of a chime. | (transitive) To cause to sound in harmony; to play a tune, as upon a set of bells; to move or strike in harmony.


lexentry: eng/chimera__Noun__1
written_rep: chimera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: химе́ра | химера
sense_list:
(figurative) A foolish, incongruous, or vain thought or product of the imagination. | (genetics) An organism with genetically distinct cells originating from two or more zygotes.


lexentry: eng/chimera__Noun__1
written_rep: chimera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: химера
sense_list:
(zoology) , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.


lexentry: eng/chimerical__Adjective__1
written_rep: chimerical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: химе́рный
sense_list:
(genetics) Resulting from the expression of two or more genes that originally coded for separate proteins.


lexentry: eng/chimney__Noun__1
written_rep: chimney
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: труба́ | дымова́я труба́ | дымохо́д
sense_list:
A vertical tube or hollow column used to emit environmentally polluting gaseous and solid matter (including but not limited to by-products of burning carbon- or hydrocarbon-based fuels); a flue.


lexentry: eng/chimney_stack__Noun__1
written_rep: chimney stack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: труба́
sense_list:
(architectural element) A vertical structure, normally of brick, rising from a roof, containing one or more flues, each one terminating in a chimney pot.


lexentry: eng/chimney_swift__Noun__1
written_rep: chimney swift
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дымчатый иглохвост
sense_list:
A rapid-flying bird that feeds on flying insects, Chaetura pelagica, with a breeding range in the eastern US extending into Canada and winter range in northwestern South America.


lexentry: eng/chimpanzee__Noun__1
written_rep: chimpanzee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шимпанзе́ | шимпанзе
sense_list:
Pan troglodytes, a species of great ape in the genus Pan, native to Africa, and believed by biologists to be the closest extant relative to humans along with the bonobo. | (broadly) A member of the genus Pan, including the bonobo which was formerly known as the pygmy chimpanzee.


lexentry: eng/chinchilla__Noun__1
written_rep: chinchilla
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шинши́лла | шиншилла
sense_list:
(countable) Either of two small, crepuscular rodents of the genus Chinchilla, native to the Andes, prized for their very soft fur and often kept as pets. | (uncountable) The fur of a chinchilla, used for clothing.


lexentry: eng/chine__Noun__1
written_rep: chine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хребе́т
sense_list:
The top of a ridge. | The edge or rim of a cask, etc., formed by the projecting ends of the staves; the chamfered end of a stave.


lexentry: eng/chink__Verb__1
written_rep: chink
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: замазывать | затыка́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To fill an opening such as the space between logs in a log house with chinking; to caulk.


lexentry: eng/chintz__Noun__1
written_rep: chintz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: си́тец | чинц
sense_list:
A painted or stained calico fabric, originally produced in India, and known for its brightly colored designs.


lexentry: eng/chip__Noun__1
written_rep: chip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: чипс
sense_list:
(US, Canada, Australia, and, New Zealand, especially, in the plural) A thin, crisp, fried slice of potato, a crisp; occasionally a similar fried slice of another vegetable or dried fruit.


lexentry: eng/chip_on_one's_shoulder__Noun__1
written_rep: chip on one's shoulder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: блок
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A habitually combative attitude, usually because of a harboured grievance, sense of inferiority, or having something to prove.


lexentry: eng/chipper__Noun__1
written_rep: chipper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шредер
sense_list:
(in particular, US) A machine that reduces organic matter to compost; depending on size, whole tree trunks are reduced to sawdust; a woodchipper.


lexentry: eng/chipset__Noun__1
written_rep: chipset
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чипсе́т
sense_list:
(computing) A group of integrated circuits that are designed to work together, and are usually marketed as a single product.


lexentry: eng/chirality__Noun__1
written_rep: chirality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кира́льность | хира́льность
sense_list:
The phenomenon, in chemistry, physics and mathematics, in which objects are mirror images of each other, but are otherwise identical; handedness


lexentry: eng/chiropractor__Noun__1
written_rep: chiropractor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: костопра́в | хиропра́ктор
sense_list:
A health-care practitioner who specializes in chiropractic, the hands on or hand-held instrumental movement of the bone structure of the body to improve the function of the joints or nervous system.


lexentry: eng/chirp__Verb__1
written_rep: chirp
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чири́кать | щебета́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a short, sharp, cheerful note, as of small birds or crickets; to chitter; to twitter.


lexentry: eng/chisel__Noun__1
written_rep: chisel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: долото́ | зуби́ло | стаме́ска
sense_list:
A cutting tool used to remove parts of stone, wood or metal by pushing or pounding the back when the sharp edge is against the material. It consists of a slim, oblong block of metal with a sharp wedge or bevel formed on one end and sometimes a handle at the other end.


lexentry: eng/chit__Verb__1
written_rep: chit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[прора́щивать]] [[клубень|клу́бни]]
sense_list:
(transitive, British, dialect) To initiate sprouting of tubers, such as potatoes, by placing them in special environment, before planting into the soil.


lexentry: eng/chitin__Noun__1
written_rep: chitin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хити́н | хитин
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) A complex polysaccharide, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and in the cell walls of fungi; thought to be responsible for some forms of asthma in humans.


lexentry: eng/chiton__Noun__2
written_rep: chiton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хито́н
sense_list:
Any of various rock-clinging marine molluscs of the class Polyplacophora, including the genus Chiton.


lexentry: eng/chivalry__Noun__1
written_rep: chivalry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ры́царство
sense_list:
The ethical code of the knight prevalent in Medieval Europe, having such primary virtues as mercy towards the poor and oppressed, humility, honour, sacrifice, fear of God, faithfulness, courage and courtesy to ladies.


lexentry: eng/chlamydia__Noun__1
written_rep: chlamydia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлами́дия | хламидиоз
sense_list:
(uncountable) Any of several common, often asymptomatic, sexually transmitted diseases caused by the microorganism Chlamydia trachomatis.


lexentry: eng/chlamys__Noun__1
written_rep: chlamys
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлами́да
sense_list:
(historical) A short poncho-like cloak caught up on the shoulder, worn by hunters, soldiers, and horsemen in Ancient Greece.


lexentry: eng/chloramine__Noun__1
written_rep: chloramine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фарм.
sense_list:
(inorganic compound, organic compound) any of a class of unstable compounds of nitrogen and chlorine R1R2NCl; also the parent compound NH2Cl (monochloramine), used to manufacture hydrazine, and as the antiseptic chloramine-T


lexentry: eng/chloric__Adjective__1
written_rep: chloric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хло́рный
sense_list:
(chemistry) Of a compound, containing chlorine with a higher oxidation number than equivalent chlorous compounds; especially having an oxidation number of 5.


lexentry: eng/chloric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: chloric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлорнова́тая кислота́
sense_list:
(chemistry) a strong acid, HClO3, known only in solution and as its chlorate salts; a powerful oxidizing agent


lexentry: eng/chloride__Noun__1
written_rep: chloride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлори́д | хлорид
sense_list:
(chemistry) any salt of hydrochloric acid, such as sodium chloride, or any binary compound of chlorine and another element or radical


lexentry: eng/chlorinate__Verb__1
written_rep: chlorinate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлори́ровать | хлорировать
sense_list:
(transitive) (chemistry) To add chlorine to (something, especially water, to purify it; or an auriferous substance, to extract gold from it).


lexentry: eng/chlorine_dioxide__Noun__1
written_rep: chlorine dioxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: диокси́д хлóра
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) a reddish-yellow explosive gas, ClO2, used as a water disinfectant and to bleach flour and wood pulp


lexentry: eng/chlorofluorocarbon__Noun__1
written_rep: chlorofluorocarbon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлорфторуглероды
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds in which the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon are replaced with those of chlorine and fluorine; formerly used as refrigerants and aerosol can propellants but withdrawn due to causing damage to the ozone layer.


lexentry: eng/chloroform__Noun__1
written_rep: chloroform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлорофо́рм | хлороформ
sense_list:
(organic compound) A halogenated hydrocarbon, trichloromethane, CHCl3; it is a volatile, sweet-smelling liquid, used extensively as a solvent and formerly as an anesthetic.


lexentry: eng/chlorophyll__Noun__1
written_rep: chlorophyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлорофи́лл | хлорофилл
sense_list:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of green pigments that are found in the chloroplasts of plants and in other photosynthetic organisms such as cyanobacteria.


lexentry: eng/chloroplast__Noun__1
written_rep: chloroplast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлоропла́ст
sense_list:
(cytology) An organelle, found in the cells of green plants and in photosynthetic algae, where photosynthesis takes place, characterized by a high concentration of chlorophyll and two membranes.


lexentry: eng/chloroprene__Noun__1
written_rep: chloroprene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлоропрен
sense_list:
(organic compound) The chlorinated derivative of butadiene 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene that is used (via polymerization) in the manufacture of synthetic rubber.


lexentry: eng/chloroquine__Noun__1
written_rep: chloroquine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлорохи́н
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A 4-aminoquinoline drug used to treat and prevent malaria, having the chemical formula C18H26ClN3.


lexentry: eng/chlorosis__Noun__1
written_rep: chlorosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлороз
sense_list:
(pathology, countable) An anaemia, due to deficiency of iron, characterized by a yellow-green colouration of the skin; greensickness.


lexentry: eng/chock__Noun__1
written_rep: chock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[упо́р]] для колёс | башма́к | клин
sense_list:
Any object used as a wedge or filler, especially when placed behind a wheel to prevent it from rolling.


lexentry: eng/chocolate__Noun__1
written_rep: chocolate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: шокола́дный | шоколад
sense_list:
(uncountable) A dark, reddish-brown colour/color, like that of chocolate (also called chocolate brown).


lexentry: eng/chocolate_bar__Noun__1
written_rep: chocolate bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: плитка шоколад
sense_list:
A flat slab of chocolate, usually oblong in shape, which can be broken into smaller segments when being eaten, either solid or with a filling such as nuts or caramel.


lexentry: eng/chocolate_milk__Noun__1
written_rep: chocolate milk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шокола́дное молоко́
sense_list:
A sweetened cocoa-flavored drink, typically created by mixing chocolate syrup or chocolate powder with milk, and typically served cold.


lexentry: eng/chocolate_teacake__Noun__1
written_rep: chocolate teacake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[суфле́]] в [[шокола́де]] | кре́мбо | поцелу́й не́гра | шокола́дный поцелу́й
sense_list:
A confection consisting of a biscuit base topped with marshmallow-like filling and coated in a hard shell of chocolate.


lexentry: eng/choice__Noun__1
written_rep: choice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вы́бор
sense_list:
One selection or preference; that which is chosen or decided; the outcome of a decision. | Anything that can be chosen.


lexentry: eng/choir__Noun__1
written_rep: choir
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хор
sense_list:
A group of people who sing together; a company of people who are trained to sing together. | (architecture) Uncommon form of quire (“one quarter of a cruciform church, or the architectural area of a church used by the choir, often near the apse”). | (Christian angelology) One of the nine ranks or orders of angels.


lexentry: eng/choke__Verb__1
written_rep: choke
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дави́ться | задохну́ться | задыха́ться | подави́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe (for instance food or other objects that go down the wrong way, or fumes or particles in the air that cause the throat to constrict).


lexentry: eng/choke_collar__Noun__1
written_rep: choke collar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уда́вка
sense_list:
A dog's collar which tightens itself so as to choke the dog, when it pulls the leash. Used especially for training. W


lexentry: eng/choke_off__Verb__1
written_rep: choke off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заставить замолчать
sense_list:
(idiomatic, transitive) To stop (someone or something) in the execution of a purpose or task; to stop (someone) from doing something.


lexentry: eng/chokeberry__Noun__1
written_rep: chokeberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: арония
sense_list:
Either of two species in Aronia, formerly and sometimes in Photinia, deciduous shrubs, native to Russia and eastern North America and most commonly found in wet woods and swamps.


lexentry: eng/choker__Noun__1
written_rep: choker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колье́ | ожере́лье | цепо́чка
sense_list:
(fashion) A piece of jewelry or ornamental fabric, worn as a necklace or neckerchief, tight to the throat.


lexentry: eng/cholera__Noun__1
written_rep: cholera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: холе́ра | холера
sense_list:
(pathology) Any of several acute infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals, caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.


lexentry: eng/cholesterol__Noun__1
written_rep: cholesterol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: холестери́н | холестерин
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A sterol lipid synthesized by the liver and transported in the bloodstream to the membranes of all animal cells; it plays a central role in many biochemical processes and, as a lipoprotein that coats the walls of blood vessels, is associated with cardiovascular disease.


lexentry: eng/choline__Noun__1
written_rep: choline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: холи́н
sense_list:
(organic compound) A hydroxy quaternary ammonium compound with formula (CH3)3N+CH2CH2OHX−. It is an essential nutrient for cardiovascular and brain health and for cell membrane formation.


lexentry: eng/cholla__Noun__1
written_rep: cholla
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цилиндропу́нция
sense_list:
Any of several species of cactus in the genus Cylindropuntia, having very spiny, cylindrical stem segments.


lexentry: eng/chop_suey__Noun__1
written_rep: chop suey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кита́йское рагу́ | чоп-суэ́й
sense_list:
(US, Philippines) A stir-fried vegetable dish, served with pieces of beef or pork in a semi-thick sauce, and often soy sauce. | (Canada, and, British) Steamed bean sprouts served in a semi-thick sauce, and mixed with a choice of meat and/or vegetables.


lexentry: eng/chopped_liver__Noun__1
written_rep: chopped liver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ничтожество
sense_list:
(idiomatic, humorous, informal) A person or object not worthy of being noticed; someone or something insignificant.


lexentry: eng/chopping_block__Noun__1
written_rep: chopping block
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пла́ха
sense_list:
(historical, informal) A block of wood against which a condemned person put their head prior to beheading.


lexentry: eng/chopstick__Noun__1
written_rep: chopstick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: па́лочка для еды́ | кита́йские па́лочки | па́лочка
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) An East Asian eating utensil usually used as a pair and held in one hand to grip pieces of food or occasionally to mix liquids or scoop up small pieces of food. The utensil is a stick, usually made of wood and measuring approximately 23cm (10 inches) in length.


lexentry: eng/chord__Noun__1
written_rep: chord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: хо́рда | хорда
sense_list:
(rail) A section of subsidiary railway track that interconnects two primary tracks that cross at different levels, to permit traffic to flow between them.


lexentry: eng/chord__Noun__1
written_rep: chord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: хо́рда
sense_list:
(aeronautics) The distance between the leading and trailing edge of a wing, measured in the direction of the normal airflow.


lexentry: eng/chordate__Noun__1
written_rep: chordate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хо́рдовый
sense_list:
A member of the phylum Chordata; numerous animals having a notochord at some stage of their development; in vertebrates this develops into the spine.


lexentry: eng/chordophone__Noun__1
written_rep: chordophone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хордофо́н
sense_list:
(musical instrument) Any musical instrument that produces sound from one or more vibrating strings; a string instrument.


lexentry: eng/chore__Noun__1
written_rep: chore
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: A task, especially a difficult, unpleasant, or routine one.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[неприятный|неприя́тная]] [[рабо́та]] | [[рутинный|рути́нная]] [[рабо́та]] | дома́шняя рабо́та | обя́занность


lexentry: eng/chorea__Noun__1
written_rep: chorea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ви́ттова пля́ска | пля́ска свято́го Ви́тта | хоре́я
sense_list:
(pathology) Any of the various diseases of the nervous system characterized by involuntary muscular movements of the face and extremities; St. Vitus's dance.


lexentry: eng/choreography__Noun__1
written_rep: choreography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хореогра́фия | хореография
sense_list:
(by extension, figurative) The art of creating and arranging any activities that involve social coordination or orchestration. | (uncountable) The art of creating, arranging and recording the dance movements of a work, such as a ballet.


lexentry: eng/chorizo__Noun__1
written_rep: chorizo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чоризо | чорисо
sense_list:
A spicy Spanish sausage flavoured with paprika, often crumbled for use in filling tacos, quesadillas, etc.


lexentry: eng/chorus__Noun__1
written_rep: chorus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хор
sense_list:
A group of singers and dancers in a theatrical performance or religious festival who commented on the main performance in speech or song. | A group of singers performing together; a choir; specifically, such a group singing together in a musical, an opera, etc., as distinct from the soloists; an ensemble.


lexentry: eng/chosen_one__Noun__1
written_rep: chosen one
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: избранный
sense_list:
(informal, authorship) A character in a narrative work who is predestined to save the world or accomplish some other grand and heroic deed; one who is predestined to become the one.


lexentry: eng/choss__Noun__1
written_rep: choss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: развальня
sense_list:
(climbing) Rock that is unsuitable for rock climbing, e.g. because it is too soft, unstable, or overgrown.


lexentry: eng/chough__Noun__1
written_rep: chough
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клу́шица
sense_list:
Either of two species of bird of the genus Pyrrhocorax in the crow family Corvidae that breed mainly in high mountains and on coastal sea cliffs of Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/choux_pastry__Noun__1
written_rep: choux pastry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заварно́е те́сто
sense_list:
A type of light pastry (made just from butter, water, flour and eggs) that is used to make profiteroles, éclairs, chouquettes, etc.


lexentry: eng/chrism__Noun__1
written_rep: chrism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: еле́й | ми́ро
sense_list:
A mixture of oil and balm, consecrated for use as an anointing fluid in certain Christian ceremonies, especially confirmation.


lexentry: eng/christening__Noun__1
written_rep: christening
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: креще́ние
sense_list:
The Christian sacrament at which someone, usually a child, is baptized and given a Christian name. | Any instance of someone's or something's being christened.


lexentry: eng/chromakey__Noun__1
written_rep: chromakey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хромакей
sense_list:
(television, cinema) The use of a particular color, usually either green or blue) as a key in a studio in order to allow one image to be seamlessly partially superimposed upon another.


lexentry: eng/chromatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: chromatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: хромати́ческий
sense_list:
Relating to or using notes not belonging to the diatonic scale of the key in which a passage of music is written.


lexentry: eng/chromatic_aberration__Noun__1
written_rep: chromatic aberration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хроматическая аберрация
sense_list:
(optics) An optical aberration in which an image has coloured fringes, caused by differential refraction of light of different wavelengths.


lexentry: eng/chromatin__Noun__1
written_rep: chromatin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хроматин
sense_list:
(biology) A complex of DNA, RNA and proteins within the cell nucleus out of which chromosomes condense during cell division.


lexentry: eng/chromatography__Noun__1
written_rep: chromatography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хроматогра́фия
sense_list:
(analytical chemistry) Any of various techniques for the qualitative or quantitative separation of the components of mixtures of compounds; all characterized by the use of a mobile phase (gas or liquid) moving relative to a stationary phase (liquid or solid) – the differences between the rates of migration of the compounds between the two phases affect the separation.


lexentry: eng/chromic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: chromic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хро́мовая кислота́
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A corrosive acid, H2CrO4, known only in solution or as its salts, the chromates (from which it may be prepared); it is a very powerful oxidizing agent.


lexentry: eng/chromium__Noun__1
written_rep: chromium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хром
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Cr) with an atomic number of 24: a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal.


lexentry: eng/chromosome__Noun__1
written_rep: chromosome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хромосо́ма | хромосома
sense_list:
(cytology, genetics) A linear arrangement of condensed DNA and associated proteins (such as chaperone proteins) which contains the genetic material (genome) of an organism.


lexentry: eng/chromosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: chromosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хромосфе́ра | хромосфера
sense_list:
(star) The faint pink extension of a star's atmospheric envelope between the corona and the photosphere


lexentry: eng/chronic__Adjective__1
written_rep: chronic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хрони́ческий | хронический
sense_list:
Of a problem, that continues over an extended period of time. | (medicine) Prolonged or slow to heal.


lexentry: eng/chronic_bronchitis__Noun__1
written_rep: chronic bronchitis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: запа́л
sense_list:
(diseases) One of the two entities making up chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), defined as having a productive cough for three months in each of two successive years in a patient in whom other causes of chronic cough have been excluded.


lexentry: eng/chronic_fatigue_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: chronic fatigue syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: миалгический энцефаломиелит | синдром хронической усталости
sense_list:
(pathology) A condition characterized by immune, endocrine and neurologic pathology whose main symptoms are extreme fatigue, extremely low stamina, muscle pain, lymph node swelling, postexertional malaise, and cognitive difficulties.


lexentry: eng/chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease__Noun__1
written_rep: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хрони́ческая обструкти́вная боле́знь лёгких
sense_list:
(medicine, pulmonology, pathology) A type of progressive lung disease characterized by long-term respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation.


lexentry: eng/chronobiology__Noun__1
written_rep: chronobiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: биоритмология
sense_list:
(biology) The study of the effects of time on biological systems, especially the effects of periodicity


lexentry: eng/chronogram__Noun__1
written_rep: chronogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хроногра́мма
sense_list:
A sentence or inscription whose letters, when interpreted according to a system (such as Roman numerals) in which letters correspond to numeric values, stand for a particular date (usually the date of inscription) when rearranged.


lexentry: eng/chronology__Noun__1
written_rep: chronology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хроноло́гия | хронология
sense_list:
(uncountable) The science of determining the order in which events occurred. | (countable) An arrangement of events into chronological order; called a timeline when involving graphical elements.


lexentry: eng/chrononormativity__Noun__1
written_rep: chrononormativity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хрононормати́вность
sense_list:
the use of time to organize individuals toward maximum productivity; for example, the appropriate time range to start working, have children, or to retire.


lexentry: eng/chrysanthemum__Noun__1
written_rep: chrysanthemum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хризанте́ма | хризантема
sense_list:
Any of many flowering perennial plants, of the genus Chrysanthemum, native to China, that have showy radiate heads.


lexentry: eng/chrysoberyl__Noun__1
written_rep: chrysoberyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хризобери́лл
sense_list:
(mineral) A vitreous mineral, often pale green, a mixed oxide of aluminium and beryllium with the chemical formula BeAl2O4, used as a gemstone.


lexentry: eng/chrysotile__Noun__1
written_rep: chrysotile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хризоти́л
sense_list:
(mineral) A fibrous silicate mineral with the chemical formula Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4; a form of serpentine asbestos.


lexentry: eng/chubby__Adjective__1
written_rep: chubby
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корена́стый | круглоли́цый | полнощёкий | пу́хленький | пу́хлый | пуза́тый
sense_list:
Of a person: slightly overweight, somewhat fat, and hence plump, rounded, and soft. | Of a body part: containing a moderate amount of fat.


lexentry: eng/chuchotage__Noun__1
written_rep: chuchotage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нашёптывание
sense_list:
The interpretation or translation of speech in a whisper to a single person in proximity to other people.


lexentry: eng/chuck__Noun__1
written_rep: chuck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: держа́тель | патро́н
sense_list:
(mechanical engineering) A mechanical device that holds an object firmly in place, for example holding a drill bit in a high-speed rotating drill or grinder.


lexentry: eng/chufa__Noun__1
written_rep: chufa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: земляно́й минда́ль | чуфа́
sense_list:
Cyperus esculentus, a species of sedge native to warm temperate to subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere having small edible tubers (tiger nuts).


lexentry: eng/chug__Verb__1
written_rep: chug
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: дёрнуть | намахну́ть | ёбнуть
sense_list:
(transitive, colloquial) To drink a large amount (especially of beer) in a single action/without breathing; to chugalug. Usually chanted at the person who is drinking.


lexentry: eng/chump__Noun__1
written_rep: chump
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ло́х
sense_list:
(colloquial, pejorative) A gullible person; a sucker; someone easily taken advantage of; someone lacking common sense.


lexentry: eng/chunder__Verb__1
written_rep: chunder
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блева́ть
sense_list:
(Australia, New Zealand, Britain, slang) To throw up, to vomit, particularly from excessive alcohol consumption.


lexentry: eng/chupacabras__Noun__1
written_rep: chupacabras
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чупака́бра
sense_list:
(cryptozoology) A legendary creature in the folklore of parts of the Americas dating from the 1990s, supposed to attack and drink the blood of livestock, especially goats.


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
written_rep: church
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: костёл | це́рковь | ки́рха | це́рква
sense_list:
(countable, Christianity) A Christian house of worship; a building where Christian religious services take place. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
written_rep: church
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: це́рковь | костёл
sense_list:
(countable) A local group of people who follow the same Christian religious beliefs, local or general. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
written_rep: church
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: це́рковь | церковь | костёл
sense_list:
(uncountable) Organized religion in general or a specific religion considered as a political institution.


lexentry: eng/church_service__Noun__1
written_rep: church service
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[церковный|церко́вная]] [[слу́жба]] | богослуже́ние
sense_list:
A formalized period of communal worship, often but not exclusively occurring on Sunday, or Saturday in the case of those churches practicing Sabbatarianism.


lexentry: eng/churchkhela__Noun__1
written_rep: churchkhela
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чурчхела
sense_list:
A traditional sausage-shaped candy originating from Georgia and made from grape must, nuts and flour.


lexentry: eng/churchman__Noun__1
written_rep: churchman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: священнослужи́тель | церко́вник
sense_list:
A person (originally a man) of authority in a Christian religious organization (a church). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/churn__Verb__1
written_rep: churn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: взбить | сбить | взба́лтывать | взбива́ть | взболта́ть | сбива́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To agitate rapidly and repetitively, or to stir with a rowing or rocking motion; generally applies to liquids, notably cream.


lexentry: eng/churn__Verb__1
written_rep: churn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: метаться
sense_list:
(transitive, figuratively) To produce excessive and sometimes undesirable or unproductive activity or motion.


lexentry: eng/chute__Noun__1
written_rep: chute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жёлоб
sense_list:
A framework, trough, or tube, upon or through which objects are made to slide from a higher to a lower level, or through which water passes to a wheel.


lexentry: eng/chutney__Noun__1
written_rep: chutney
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ча́тни | чатни
sense_list:
A sweet or savory but usually spicy condiment, originally from eastern India, made from a variety of fruits and/or vegetables, often containing significant amounts of fresh green or dried red chili peppers. [from 1813]


lexentry: eng/chutzpah__Noun__1
written_rep: chutzpah
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́рзость | на́глость | наха́льство | ха́мство | ху́цпа
sense_list:
(informal) Nearly arrogant courage; utter audacity, effrontery or impudence; supreme self-confidence; exaggerated self-opinion.


lexentry: eng/ciborium__Noun__1
written_rep: ciborium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дароносица
sense_list:
(architecture) A fixed vaulted canopy over a Christian altar, supported on four columns. | (Christianity) A covered receptacle for holding the consecrated wafers of the Eucharist.


lexentry: eng/cicada__Noun__1
written_rep: cicada
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цика́да
sense_list:
Any of several insects in the superfamily Cicadoidea, with small eyes wide apart on the head and transparent well-veined wings.


lexentry: eng/cicero__Noun__1
written_rep: cicero
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лекция
sense_list:
(typography, Continental, _, printing) The Continental equivalent of the English pica: a measure of 12 Didot points (4.51368 mm or about 0.178 in.) or a body of type in this size.


lexentry: eng/cicerone__Noun__1
written_rep: cicerone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гид | проводни́к
sense_list:
A guide who accompanies visitors and sightseers to museums, galleries, etc., and explains matters of archaeological, antiquarian, historic or artistic interest.


lexentry: eng/cicisbeo__Noun__1
written_rep: cicisbeo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чичисбе́й
sense_list:
(now, chiefly, historical) A man who escorts a married woman to social functions, especially in 18th-century Italy; a married woman's lover.


lexentry: eng/cider__Noun__1
written_rep: cider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: я́блочный сок | сидр
sense_list:
(US, Canada) A non-alcoholic still beverage consisting of the juice of early-harvest apples, usually unfiltered and still containing pulp; apple cider; sweet cider (without pulp such a beverage is called apple juice).


lexentry: eng/cider__Noun__1
written_rep: cider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сидр | я́блочное вино́
sense_list:
(Australia) A non-alcoholic carbonated beverage made from apples or pears. | (Japan, South Korea) A non-alcoholic, lemon-lime flavored carbonated beverage.


lexentry: eng/cigar__Noun__1
written_rep: cigar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сига́ра | сигара
sense_list:
A cylinder of tobacco rolled and wrapped with an outer covering of tobacco leaves, intended to be smoked.


lexentry: eng/cigarette__Noun__1
written_rep: cigarette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: папиро́са | сига́рка | сигаре́та
sense_list:
A small cigar consisting of tobacco or another substance, wrapped up in a thin roll with paper, intended for smoking.


lexentry: eng/cilantro__Noun__1
written_rep: cilantro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кинза́
sense_list:
(US) The stems and leaves of the coriander plant, Coriandrum sativum, used as a seasoning and garnish in cooking.


lexentry: eng/cilice__Noun__1
written_rep: cilice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: власяни́ца | вре́тище
sense_list:
A garment or undergarment made of coarse cloth or animal hair worn close to the skin used by members of various Christian traditions as a self-imposed means of penance (repentance) and mortification of the flesh.


lexentry: eng/cilium__Noun__1
written_rep: cilium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ресни́чка
sense_list:
(cytology) A short microscopic hairlike organelle projecting from a eukaryotic cell (such as a unicellular organism or one cell of a multicelled organism) which serve either for propulsion by causing currents in the surrounding fluid or as sensors.


lexentry: eng/cinefilm__Noun__1
written_rep: cinefilm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: киноплёнка
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) Any of various obsolete film formats, including 8 mm, 9.5 mm, 16 mm, and Super 8, formerly much used for making home movies to be viewed on a projector.


lexentry: eng/cinematographer__Noun__1
written_rep: cinematographer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кинематографи́ст | кинематографи́стка
sense_list:
(cinematography) A photographer who oversees the operations of the cameras and lighting when making a film. The cinematographer may also double as the camera operator of the movie camera, though this is usually done by a cameraman. The film director may also double as the cinematographer, though this is usually a different person.


lexentry: eng/cinnabar__Noun__1
written_rep: cinnabar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ки́новарь | киноварь
sense_list:
A deep red mineral, mercuric sulfide, HgS; the principal ore of mercury; such ore used as the pigment vermilion.


lexentry: eng/cinnamic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: cinnamic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кори́чная кислота́
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) The aromatic carboxylic acid C6H5-CH=CH-COOH obtained from cinnamon; it is used in perfumery etc


lexentry: eng/cinnamon__Noun__1
written_rep: cinnamon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[кори́чник]] [[настоя́щий]] | кори́ца | кори́чное де́рево
sense_list:
Several related trees, notably the Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) and Chinese cinnamon or cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum or Cinnamomum cassia).


lexentry: eng/cinnamon__Noun__1
written_rep: cinnamon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: кори́ца | кори́чник | корица
sense_list:
(mostly, uncountable) A spice from the dried aromatic bark of the cinnamon tree, either rolled into strips or ground into a powder. The word is commonly used as trade name for spices made of any of the species above.


lexentry: eng/cinquedea__Noun__1
written_rep: cinquedea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чинкведе́а | чинкуэ́да
sense_list:
A short sword with a heavy blade developed in northeastern Italy during the Renaissance, often richly ornamented.


lexentry: eng/cinéma_vérité__Noun__1
written_rep: cinéma vérité
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: синема́ верите́
sense_list:
(cinema) A style of cinema that appears to be realistic, showing ordinary people in ordinary situations speaking and acting naturally.


lexentry: eng/cipher__Noun__1
written_rep: cipher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: шифр
sense_list:
A method of transforming a text in order to conceal its meaning. | (cryptography) A cryptographic system using an algorithm that converts letters or sequences of bits into ciphertext.


lexentry: eng/circadian__Adjective__1
written_rep: circadian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: циркадный | циркадианный
sense_list:
(biology) Of, relating to, or showing rhythmic behaviour with a period of 24 hours; especially of a biological process.


lexentry: eng/circadian_rhythm__Noun__1
written_rep: circadian rhythm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: циркадный ритм
sense_list:
(biology, sleep medicine) The internal body clock that regulates the roughly 24-hour cycle of biological processes in animals and plants.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
written_rep: circle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: круг | окру́жность | окружность
sense_list:
(geometry) A two-dimensional geometric figure, a line, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane that are equally distant from a given point (center). | A two-dimensional geometric figure, a disk, consisting of the set of all those points of a plane at a distance less than or equal to a fixed distance (radius) from a given point.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
written_rep: circle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: круг | окружность
sense_list:
(astronomy) An instrument of observation, whose graduated limb consists of an entire circle. When fixed to a wall in an observatory, it is called a mural circle; when mounted with a telescope on an axis and in Y's, in the plane of the meridian, a meridian or transit circle; when involving the principle of reflection, like the sextant, a reflecting circle; and when that of repeating an angle several times continuously along the graduated limb, a repeating circle.


lexentry: eng/circuit_breaker__Noun__1
written_rep: circuit breaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[автомати́ческий]] [[выключа́тель]]
sense_list:
(electricity) An electrical switch capable of opening and closing an electrical circuit in all operating conditions, including fault situations.


lexentry: eng/circular_segment__Noun__1
written_rep: circular segment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сегме́нт
sense_list:
(geometry) A region of a circle bounded by an arc and the chord connecting the endpoints of the arc.


lexentry: eng/circulation__Noun__1
written_rep: circulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кругово́е движе́ние | круговоро́т | циркуля́ция
sense_list:
The act of moving in a circle, or in a course which brings the moving body to the place where its motion began.


lexentry: eng/circulation__Noun__1
written_rep: circulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: кровообраще́ние
sense_list:
(narrowly) The movement of the blood in the circulatory system, by which it is brought into close relations with the cells and tissues of the body; (loosely) the circulatory system.


lexentry: eng/circulatory_system__Noun__1
written_rep: circulatory system
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сердечно-сосудистая систе́ма
sense_list:
(physiology) The parts of an animal body comprising the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and blood, which circulate the blood around the body. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/circumbinary__Adjective__1
written_rep: circumbinary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: циркумбина́рный
sense_list:
(astronomy) Having an orbit around both stars in a binary star system, or relating to such an orbit.


lexentry: eng/circumcircle__Noun__1
written_rep: circumcircle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: опи́санная окру́жность | опи́санный круг
sense_list:
(geometry) A circle that passes through every vertex of a given triangle (or other polygon where possible).


lexentry: eng/circumcise__Verb__1
written_rep: circumcise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обре́зать | обреза́ть | соверша́ть обреза́ние | соверши́ть обреза́ние
sense_list:
(military, nautical, slang) To trim off the portion of the barrel liner of a large-caliber naval gun that protrudes from the end of the barrel as a result of the liner slowly stretching from prolonged fire.


lexentry: eng/circumfix__Noun__1
written_rep: circumfix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: циркумфи́кс
sense_list:
(grammar) An affix containing both a prefixing and a suffixing element existing as a single morphological unit.


lexentry: eng/circumflex__Noun__1
written_rep: circumflex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: циркумфле́кс
sense_list:
A diacritical mark (ˆ) placed over a vowel in the orthography or transliteration of many languages to change its pronunciation; while in some other languages over a consonant.


lexentry: eng/circumlocution__Noun__1
written_rep: circumlocution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перифраз
sense_list:
(uncountable) A roundabout or indirect way of speaking; thus: | (countable) An instance of such usage; a roundabout expression, whether an inadvisable one or a necessary one.


lexentry: eng/circumscribe__Verb__1
written_rep: circumscribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: опи́сывать | описа́ть | оче́рчивать | очерти́ть
sense_list:
(geometry) To draw the smallest circle or higher-dimensional sphere that has (a polyhedron, polygon, etc.) in its interior.


lexentry: eng/circus__Noun__1
written_rep: circus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цирк
sense_list:
A traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, clowns, trained animals, and other novelty acts, that gives shows usually in a circular tent. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/cirl_bunting__Noun__1
written_rep: cirl bunting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: огоро́дная овся́нка
sense_list:
A small Old World passerine bird, Emberiza cirlus, of the bunting family (Emberizidae), very similar to the yellowhammer.


lexentry: eng/cirque__Noun__1
written_rep: cirque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кар | цирк
sense_list:
(geology) A curved depression or natural amphitheatre, especially one in a mountainside at the end of a valley.


lexentry: eng/cirrhosis__Noun__1
written_rep: cirrhosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цирро́з | цирроз
sense_list:
(pathology) A chronic disease of the liver caused by damage from toxins (including alcohol), metabolic problems, hepatitis, or nutritional deprivation, characterised by an increase in fibrous tissue and the destruction of liver cells.


lexentry: eng/cirrocumulus__Noun__1
written_rep: cirrocumulus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перисто-кучева́я | перисто-кучевая
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type appearing as a thin, white patch of cloud without shadows, composed of very small droplets in the form of grains or ripples. The elements may be merged or separate, and more or less regularly arranged; they subtend an angle of less than 1° when observed at an angle of more than 30° above the horizon. Holes or rifts often occur in a sheet of cirrocumulus. Abbreviated Cc.


lexentry: eng/cirrostratus__Noun__1
written_rep: cirrostratus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перисто-слои́стая
sense_list:
(meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type appearing as a whitish veil, usually fibrous but sometimes smooth, which may totally cover the sky and which often produces halo phenomena. Abbreviated Cs


lexentry: eng/cirrus__Noun__1
written_rep: cirrus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: пе́ристая
sense_list:
(meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type characterised by white, delicate filaments or wisps, of white (or mostly white) patches, or of narrow bands, found at an altitude of above 7000 metres.


lexentry: eng/cis-__Prefix__1
written_rep: cis-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цис-
sense_list:
(geography) On this side of. | (physical chemistry) Forming names of chemical compounds in which two atoms or groups are situated on the same side of some plane of symmetry passing through the compound.


lexentry: eng/cis__Adjective__1
written_rep: cis
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: цис-
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a double bond in which the greater radical on both ends is on the same side of the bond. | (physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a coordination compound in which the two instances of a particular ligand are adjacent to each other.


lexentry: eng/cisco__Noun__1
written_rep: cisco
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сиг
sense_list:
Any North American freshwater fish of certain species of the genus Coregonus that live in cold-water lakes.


lexentry: eng/cisgender__Adjective__1
written_rep: cisgender
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цисге́ндерный | циссексуа́льный
sense_list:
Having a gender identity which matches the sex one was assigned at birth; or, pertaining to such people.


lexentry: eng/ciss__Verb__1
written_rep: ciss
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сверну́ться | свора́чиваться
sense_list:
(of paint, varnish, or oil) To retract (from a uniform film applied to a damp, oily or nonabsorbent surface) and clump up into small droplets, or form craters.


lexentry: eng/citadel__Noun__1
written_rep: citadel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кре́пость | цитаде́ль
sense_list:
A strong fortress that sits high above a city. | (sometimes, figurative) A stronghold or fortified place.


lexentry: eng/citation__Noun__1
written_rep: citation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: цити́рование
sense_list:
The act of citing a passage from a text, or from another person, using the exact words of the original text or speech and giving credit to the original by referencing.


lexentry: eng/citation_needed__Phrase__1
written_rep: citation needed
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нет источника
sense_list:
(originally, Internet slang, chiefly, humorous) Used to designate an assertion or other statement as false, inaccurate, or requiring verification.


lexentry: eng/citicoline__Noun__1
written_rep: citicoline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цитиколи́н
sense_list:
A psychostimulant and nootropic, an intermediate in the generation of phosphatidylcholine from choline.


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
written_rep: citizen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: граждани́н | гражда́нка | по́дданная | по́дданный
sense_list:
A legally-recognized member of a state, with associated rights and obligations; a person considered in terms of this role. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
written_rep: citizen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
sense_list:
(Christianity) A resident of the heavenly city or (later) of the kingdom of God: a Christian; a good Christian. [from 15th c.]

trans_list:
[[гражда́нский]] [[челове́к]] | [[гражданский|гражда́нское]] [[лицо́]] | [[ми́рный]] [[жи́тель]] | [[мирный|ми́рная]] [[жи́тельница]] | горожа́нин | горожа́нка


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
written_rep: citizen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: гражда́нка | граждани́н
sense_list:
A civilian, as opposed to a police officer, soldier, or member of some other specialized (usually state) group. [from 16th c.] | (obsolete) An ordinary person, as opposed to nobles and landed gentry on one side and peasants, craftsmen, and laborers on the other. [17th–19th c.] | (computing) An object.


lexentry: eng/citizen_journalism__Noun__1
written_rep: citizen journalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражданская журнали́стика
sense_list:
(media) Independent reporting, often by amateurs on the scene of an event, and disseminated via new media.


lexentry: eng/citizen_of_the_world__Noun__1
written_rep: citizen of the world
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: граждани́н ми́ра
sense_list:
A person regarded as part of the global citizenry; specifically, one who takes the view that they belong to no particular country or state.


lexentry: eng/citric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: citric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лимо́нная кислота́ | лимонная кислота
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) A colourless crystalline compound, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, C6H8O7, found in citrus fruit; it is used as a food additive and in the manufacture of citrates.


lexentry: eng/citrus_greening__Noun__1
written_rep: citrus greening
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: позелене́ние плодо́в
sense_list:
A plant disease afflicting citrus trees, caused by the bacterium Liberibacter asiaticus and carried by a psyllid vector.


lexentry: eng/cittern__Noun__1
written_rep: cittern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ци́стра
sense_list:
A stringed instrument (chordophone), played with a plectrum (a pick), and most commonly possessing four wire strings and chromatic frets, which is a precursor to the modern day guitar.


lexentry: eng/city__Noun__1
written_rep: city
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: го́род | град | город
sense_list:
(UK) A settlement granted special status by royal charter or letters patent; traditionally, a settlement with a cathedral regardless of size.


lexentry: eng/city_council__Noun__1
written_rep: city council
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: городско́й сове́т | горсове́т | муниципа́льный сове́т
sense_list:
A governing body of people elected to oversee management of a city and represent the interests of residents.


lexentry: eng/civet__Noun__1
written_rep: civet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: виве́рра | циве́тта
sense_list:
(countable) A carnivorous catlike animal, Civettictis civetta, that produces a musky secretion. It is two to three feet (30–90 cm) long, with black bands and spots on the body and tail.


lexentry: eng/civil__Adjective__1
written_rep: civil
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражда́нский | циви́льный | шта́тский
sense_list:
(uncomparable) Having to do with people and government office as opposed to the military or religion.


lexentry: eng/civil_code__Noun__1
written_rep: civil code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ГК | гражда́нский ко́декс
sense_list:
(legal) A systematic collection of laws addressing dealings between private parties, such as business contracts and negligence lawsuits.


lexentry: eng/civil_disobedience__Noun__1
written_rep: civil disobedience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражда́нское неповинове́ние
sense_list:
A form of social protest, involving the active but non-violent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of an established authority, because they are considered to be morally wrong or detrimental.


lexentry: eng/civil_engineering__Noun__1
written_rep: civil engineering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражда́нское строи́тельство | строи́тельная инжене́рия
sense_list:
The technical design and construction of public works such as bridges, buildings, harbours, public greens, roads, etc., and/or technically equivalent private (usually corporate) ones.


lexentry: eng/civil_law__Noun__1
written_rep: civil law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражда́нское пра́во | рома́но-герма́нское пра́во
sense_list:
(law) The body of law dealing with the private relations between members of a community; it contrasts with criminal law, military law and ecclesiastical law.


lexentry: eng/civil_registry__Noun__1
written_rep: civil registry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ЗАГС | загс
sense_list:
A government repository, database recording the vital events (births, deaths, etc.) of its citizens and residents, its office.


lexentry: eng/civil_rights__Noun__1
written_rep: civil rights
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гражда́нские права́
sense_list:
(US) Those rights which are guaranteed protection by the US Constitution and are considered to be unquestionable, deserved by all people under all circumstances, especially without regard to race, creed, religion, sexual orientation, gender, and disability.


lexentry: eng/civil_service__Noun__1
written_rep: civil service
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: государственная служба
sense_list:
In parliamentary forms of government, the branches of government that are not military, legislative, or judicial, but work to apply its laws and regulations.


lexentry: eng/civil_society__Noun__1
written_rep: civil society
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражда́нское о́бщество | гражданское общество
sense_list:
All of the institutions, voluntary organizations and corporate bodies that are less than the state but greater than the family. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/civil_union__Noun__1
written_rep: civil union
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражда́нский брак | гражданское партнёрство
sense_list:
A legal union similar to marriage, established to allow same-sex couples (and, in some jurisdictions, opposite-sex couples) rights similar to those married couples have.


lexentry: eng/civil_war__Noun__1
written_rep: civil war
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гражда́нская война́ | гражданская война
sense_list:
A war fought between factions of the inhabitants of a single country, or a similar political entity.


lexentry: eng/civilian__Noun__1
written_rep: civilian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
A person following the pursuits of civil life, especially one who is not an active member of the armed forces. | (informal) A person who does not belong to a particular group or engage in a particular activity, an outsider.

trans_list:
гражда́нский | шта́тский | [[гражда́нский]] [[челове́к]] | [[гражданский|гражда́нское]] [[лицо́]] | [[ми́рный]] [[жи́тель]] | [[мирный|ми́рная]] [[жи́тельница]]


lexentry: eng/civilization__Noun__1
written_rep: civilization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: культу́ра | цивилиза́ция
sense_list:
An organized culture encompassing many communities, often on the scale of a nation or a people; a stage or system of social, political, or technical development. | (uncountable) Human society, particularly civil society.


lexentry: eng/civilization__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: civilization
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цивилиза́ция
sense_list:
(inherently emic, sometimes, capitalized) Collectively, those people and places of the world considered to have a high standard of behavior and / or a high level of development. Commonly subjectively used by people of one society to exclusively refer to their society, or their elite sub-group, or a few associated societies, implying all others, in time or geography or status, as something less than civilised, as savages or barbarians. (Compare refinement, elitism, civilised society, the Civilised World.


lexentry: eng/clack__Noun__1
written_rep: clack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: треск
sense_list:
An abrupt, sharp sound, especially one made by two hard objects colliding repetitively; a sound midway between a click and a clunk.


lexentry: eng/clad__Adjective__1
written_rep: clad
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оде́тый
sense_list:
(of a person, preceded by a garment type) Wearing clothing or some other covering (for example, an armour) on the body; clothed, dressed.


lexentry: eng/clad__Adjective__1
written_rep: clad
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: облицованный | оде́тый | покрытый
sense_list:
(of an object, often in compounds) Covered, enveloped in, or surrounded by a cladding, or a specified material or substance.


lexentry: eng/cladding__Noun__1
written_rep: cladding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обши́вка
sense_list:
(construction) A weatherproof, insulating or decorative covering fixed to the outside of a building.


lexentry: eng/claim__Noun__1
written_rep: claim
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: заявле́ние | объявле́ние | утвержде́ние
sense_list:
A new statement of something one believes to be the truth, usually when the statement has yet to be verified or without valid evidence provided.


lexentry: eng/claim__Verb__1
written_rep: claim
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: To demand ownership or right to use for land.
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list:
[[заявля́ть]] [[претензия|прете́нзии]] | [[заявля́ть]] о [[право|права́х]] | [[заявля́ть]] о [[право|права́х]] (на) | [[объявля́ть]] [[претензия|прете́нзии]] | [[предъявля́ть]] [[претензия|прете́нзии]] | [[претендова́ть]] (на)


lexentry: eng/claim__Verb__1
written_rep: claim
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (intransitive) To be entitled to anything; to deduce a right or title; to have a claim.
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list:
[[заявля́ть]] [[претензия|прете́нзии]] | [[заявля́ть]] о [[право|права́х]] | [[объявля́ть]] [[претензия|прете́нзии]] | [[предъявля́ть]] [[претензия|прете́нзии]] | [[тре́бовать]] [[выплата|вы́платы]] | [[тре́бовать]] [[компенсация|компенса́ции]]


lexentry: eng/clairvoyance__Noun__1
written_rep: clairvoyance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: яснови́дение
sense_list:
(parapsychology) The power to see or perceive things objects or events beyond the natural range of the senses, such as the past or the future.


lexentry: eng/clairvoyant__Noun__1
written_rep: clairvoyant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: яснови́дец | яснови́дица
sense_list:
A person able to see things that cannot be perceived by the normal senses | A person able to foresee the future


lexentry: eng/clam__Noun__1
written_rep: clam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[двуство́рчатый]] [[моллю́ск]] | моллю́ск
sense_list:
A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that are edible; for example soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), sea clams or hen clam (Spisula solidissima), and other species, possibly originally applied to clams of species Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian bivalve. | (US, slang, mostly, in the plural) A dollar.


lexentry: eng/clamp__Noun__1
written_rep: clamp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зажи́м | кле́мма | скоба́ | струбци́на | хому́т
sense_list:
A brace, band, or clasp for strengthening or holding things together. | A pile of materials to be heated in a controlled way, stacked or heaped together with fuel so that the fire permeates the pile; the material of interest may be bricks to be fired, ore for roasting, coal for coking, or wood to be charcoalized.


lexentry: eng/clamp__Noun__1
written_rep: clamp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: бурт | кага́т
sense_list:
(agriculture) A compact pile of agricultural produce (such as root vegetables or silage) used for temporary storage (often covered with straw, earth, or both).


lexentry: eng/clamp_down_on__Verb__1
written_rep: clamp down on
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: покончить
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic) To take measures to stop (something); to put an end to (something); to exert tighter control of (something); to treat (someone or something) more harshly.


lexentry: eng/clan__Noun__1
written_rep: clan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: клан | род
sense_list:
A traditional social group of families in the Scottish Highlands having a common hereditary chieftain


lexentry: eng/clanger__Noun__1
written_rep: clanger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: квак
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, Commonwealth, Ireland, informal, often in the phrase drop a clanger) A very noticeable mistake; an attention-getting faux pas.


lexentry: eng/clap__Noun__1
written_rep: clap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: хлопок
sense_list:
Any loud, sudden, explosive sound made by striking hard surfaces together, or resembling such a sound.


lexentry: eng/clapboard__Noun__1
written_rep: clapboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гонт
sense_list:
A narrow board, usually thicker at one edge than the other, used as siding for houses and similar structures of frame construction.


lexentry: eng/clapper__Noun__1
written_rep: clapper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[язы́к]] ([[колокол|ко́локола]]) | язык
sense_list:
An object so suspended inside a bell that it may hit the bell and cause it to ring; a clanger or tongue.


lexentry: eng/clapper__Noun__1
written_rep: clapper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: трещо́тка
sense_list:
A wooden mechanical device used as a scarecrow; bird-scaring rattle, a wind-rattle or a wind-clapper.


lexentry: eng/clapperboard__Noun__1
written_rep: clapperboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хлопу́шка
sense_list:
(film) A device used in film production, having hinged boards that are brought together with a clap, used at the start of each take of a motion picture or other video production to be able to synchronize picture and sound during editing.


lexentry: eng/claret__Noun__1
written_rep: claret
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бордо́ | кларе́т
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK) A dry red wine produced in the Bordeaux region of France, or a similar wine made elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/clarification__Noun__1
written_rep: clarification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: объясне́ние | поясне́ние | проясне́ние | разъясне́ние
sense_list:
The act of clarifying; the act or process of making clear or transparent by freeing visible impurities; particularly, the clearing or fining of liquid substances from impurities via the separation of the insoluble particles which prevent the liquid from being transparent.


lexentry: eng/clarify__Verb__1
written_rep: clarify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: очища́ть | проясни́ться | чи́стить
sense_list:
(ergative, of liquids, such as wine or syrup) To make or become clear or bright by freeing from impurities or turbidity.


lexentry: eng/clarinet__Noun__1
written_rep: clarinet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кларне́т | кларнет
sense_list:
(woodwind instrument) A woodwind musical instrument that has a distinctive liquid tone whose characteristics vary among its three registers: chalumeau (low), clarion (medium), and altissimo (high).


lexentry: eng/clarion__Noun__1
written_rep: clarion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: горн | кларион | рожо́к
sense_list:
(brass instrument, historical, or, poetic) A medieval brass instrument chiefly used as a battle signal; related to the trumpet, it had a narrow, straight pipe and a high-pitched, piercing sound.


lexentry: eng/clash__Verb__1
written_rep: clash
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: конфликтова́ть | ста́лкиваться | столкну́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, of clothes, decor, colours) To fail to look good together; to contrast unattractively; to fail to harmonize.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
written_rep: class
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: класс
sense_list:
(sociology, countable) A social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc. In Britain, society is commonly split into three main classes: upper class, middle class and working class. | (uncountable) The division of society into classes. | (uncountable) Admirable behavior; elegance. | (countable) A category of seats in an airplane, train or other means of mass transportation. | (taxonomy, countable) A rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank. | (set theory) A collection of sets definable by a shared property, especially one which is not itself a set (in which case the class is called proper). | (object-oriented, countable) A set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set in terms of its common properties, functions, etc.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
written_rep: class
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: класс | гру́ппа
sense_list:
(education, countable, and, uncountable) A group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
written_rep: class
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: класс | курс
sense_list:
(countable) A group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year. A school class.


lexentry: eng/class_action__Noun__1
written_rep: class action
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: группово́й иск | коллекти́вный иск
sense_list:
(law, chiefly, US, Canada) A lawsuit brought by a single plaintiff or small group of plaintiffs as a representative of a large group of others having a common interest, with everyone in the large group eligible to receive damages if the plaintiff is successful.


lexentry: eng/class_consciousness__Noun__1
written_rep: class consciousness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кла́ссовое созна́ние
sense_list:
(Marxism, social sciences) An individual's awareness of their relative place within the class system of society.


lexentry: eng/class_struggle__Noun__1
written_rep: class struggle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кла́ссовая борьба́
sense_list:
Conflict between social or economic classes (especially between the capitalist and proletariat classes); the active expression of a theoretical class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective.


lexentry: eng/classical__Adjective__1
written_rep: classical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: класси́ческий
sense_list:
(informal, music) Describing art music (rather than pop, jazz, blues, etc), especially when played using instruments of the orchestra. | Of or pertaining to the ancient Greeks and Romans, especially to Greek or Roman authors of the highest rank, or of the period when their best literature was produced; of or pertaining to places inhabited by the ancient Greeks and Romans, or rendered famous by their deeds. | Conforming to the best authority in literature and art; chaste; pure; refined


lexentry: eng/classical_antiquity__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: classical antiquity
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: античность
sense_list:
(history) The era of the height of Greco-Roman civilization in southern Europe, roughly comprising the 6th century BC to the 5th century (AD), although sometimes distinguished from Late Antiquity


lexentry: eng/classical_conditioning__Noun__1
written_rep: classical conditioning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: условный рефлекс
sense_list:
(psychology) A learning process in which a previously neutral stimulus (such as a bell) is paired with a potent stimulus (such as food in the case of a dog), so that the neutral stimulus comes to elicit a conditioned response (salivation) similar to the one elicited by the potent stimulus.


lexentry: eng/classical_guitar__Noun__1
written_rep: classical guitar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: класси́ческая гита́ра
sense_list:
A type of flat-tabled guitar of Spanish origin used primarily for Western classical music, flamenco, and Latin American music, with six nylon (formerly gut) strings, usually played with the fingers rather than with a plectrum.


lexentry: eng/classical_mechanics__Noun__1
written_rep: classical mechanics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: класси́ческая меха́ника
sense_list:
(physics) All of the physical laws of nature that account for the behaviour of the normal world, but break down when dealing with the very small (see quantum mechanics) or the very fast or very heavy (see relativity).


lexentry: eng/classical_music__Noun__1
written_rep: classical music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кла́ссика | класси́ческая му́зыка
sense_list:
(music genre) Music of the classical period; the music of Mozart, Haydn, etc; the musical period before the romantic.


lexentry: eng/classicism__Noun__1
written_rep: classicism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: классици́зм | классицизм
sense_list:
(uncountable) All the classical traditions of the art and architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, especially the aspects of simplicity, elegance and proportion.


lexentry: eng/classification__Noun__1
written_rep: classification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: классифика́ция | классифици́рование
sense_list:
The act of forming into a class or classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some common relations or attributes.


lexentry: eng/classified_advertisement__Noun__1
written_rep: classified advertisement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мелкое объявление
sense_list:
Any of a list of newspaper or website advertisements included with others under a heading describing the category of product or service offered or sought.


lexentry: eng/classism__Noun__1
written_rep: classism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: классизм
sense_list:
Discrimination or prejudice that is based on social class, especially against those of lower social class.


lexentry: eng/clastic__Adjective__1
written_rep: clastic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обломочные
sense_list:
Made up of parts that are easily removable. | (geology, of rock) Made from fragments of pre-existing rocks.


lexentry: eng/clathrate_compound__Noun__1
written_rep: clathrate compound
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клатра́т
sense_list:
(chemistry) a substance consisting of molecules of one element or compound contained within the cage-like structure of another


lexentry: eng/clause__Noun__1
written_rep: clause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: предложе́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is (subordinate) dependent.


lexentry: eng/claustrum__Noun__1
written_rep: claustrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: огра́да
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses


lexentry: eng/clavichord__Noun__1
written_rep: clavichord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клавико́рд
sense_list:
(musical instruments) An early keyboard instrument producing a soft sound by means of metal blades (called tangents) attached to the inner ends of the keys gently striking the strings.


lexentry: eng/clavicle__Noun__1
written_rep: clavicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ключи́ца
sense_list:
(skeleton) The collarbone; the prominent bone at the top of the chest between the shoulder and the neck connecting the shoulder and the breastbone.


lexentry: eng/claw__Noun__1
written_rep: claw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: клешня́
sense_list:
The pincer (chela) of a crustacean or other arthropod. | (botany) A slender appendage or process, formed like a claw, such as the base of petals of the pink.


lexentry: eng/clawed_frog__Noun__1
written_rep: clawed frog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шпо́рцевая лягу́шка
sense_list:
Any of a group of aquatic carnivorous frogs in the genus Xenopus, which are very small and have small claws.


lexentry: eng/clay__Noun__1
written_rep: clay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гли́на | глина
sense_list:
A mineral substance made up of small crystals of silica and alumina, that is ductile when moist; the material of pre-fired ceramics.


lexentry: eng/clean__Adjective__1
written_rep: clean
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чи́стый
sense_list:
In an unmarked condition. | (informal) Not in possession of weapons or contraband such as drugs. | (of criminal, driving, etc. records) Without restrictions or penalties, or someone having such a record.


lexentry: eng/clean_and_jerk__Noun__1
written_rep: clean and jerk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: толчо́к
sense_list:
(weightlifting) The act of lifting the barbell from the floor to a resting position across the front of the shoulders (the clean phase), pausing, and thrusting the barbell over the head to a stationary position in one movement (the jerk phase). The normal technique for both parts of this act involves propelling the barbell upwards, quickly lowering the torso, and then straightening the legs.


lexentry: eng/clean_someone's_clock__Verb__1
written_rep: clean someone's clock
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разде́лать под оре́х | разма́зать по сте́нке
sense_list:
(idiomatic, informal) To defeat someone decisively, in a physical fight or other competition or negotiation.


lexentry: eng/cleaner__Noun__1
written_rep: cleaner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: очисти́тель
sense_list:
A substance used for cleaning; especially, one retailed for that purpose and meant for use on things other than one's own body.


lexentry: eng/cleaner_fish__Noun__1
written_rep: cleaner fish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ры́ба-чи́стильщик
sense_list:
(zoology) Any of many unrelated fishes that provide a service to other fish species by removing dead skin and parasites.


lexentry: eng/cleanroom__Noun__1
written_rep: cleanroom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чистые помещения
sense_list:
A room or environment that is controlled in such a way as to minimize airborne particulate matter, typically for the purpose of fabricating sensitive electronic or other devices.


lexentry: eng/cleanse__Verb__1
written_rep: cleanse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: очищать
sense_list:
(transitive) To free from dirt; to clean, to purify. | (transitive) To spiritually purify; to free from guilt or sin; to purge.


lexentry: eng/cleanskin__Noun__1
written_rep: cleanskin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: чи́стый
sense_list:
Someone with no prior criminal record, a person with no previous convictions; loosely, someone who has not done anything wrong before, an unblemished character.


lexentry: eng/clear__Verb__1
written_rep: clear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: пройти́ | проходи́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) Of a check or financial transaction, to go through as payment; to be processed so that the money is transferred.


lexentry: eng/clear_one's_throat__Verb__1
written_rep: clear one's throat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прочищать горло
sense_list:
Forcibly, sometimes mutedly, expelling air from one's lungs, sometimes to clear mucus, sometimes to attract attention to something; less vigorous than coughing.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
written_rep: clearance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ликвида́ция | распрода́жа
sense_list:
(retail) A sale of merchandise, especially at significantly reduced prices, usually in order to make room for new merchandise or updated versions of the same merchandise; sometimes as a closeout.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
written_rep: clearance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: кли́ренс | кли́ринг
sense_list:
(banking, finance) The settlement of transactions involving securities or means of payment such as checks by means of a clearing house.


lexentry: eng/clearing__Noun__1
written_rep: clearing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: кли́ринг
sense_list:
(banking, finance) A process of exchanging transaction information and authorisation through a central institution or system to complete and settle those transactions.


lexentry: eng/clearness__Noun__1
written_rep: clearness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: свет
sense_list:
The state of being free from obscurities or opacity; distinctness of light, colour etc. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cleat__Noun__1
written_rep: cleat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: крепительная у́тка | у́тка
sense_list:
(nautical) A device to quickly affix a line or rope, and from which it is also easy to release. Nautical cleat


lexentry: eng/cleavage__Noun__1
written_rep: cleavage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[ме́жду]] [[грудь|груде́й]] | ложби́нка
sense_list:
The hollow or separation between a woman's breasts, especially as revealed by a low neckline. [from 20th c.] | (by extension) Any similar separation between two body parts, such as the buttocks or toes.


lexentry: eng/cleave__Verb__1
written_rep: cleave
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: раска́лывать | расколо́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) (chemistry) To split (a complex molecule) into simpler molecules. | (intransitive) To split.


lexentry: eng/clef__Noun__1
written_rep: clef
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ключ
sense_list:
(music) A symbol found on a musical staff that indicates the pitches represented by the lines and the spaces on the staff [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/cleft_chin__Noun__1
written_rep: cleft chin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: раздво́енный подборо́док
sense_list:
An anatomical genetic trait in which a fissure in the lower jaw causes a visible dimple in the center of the chin.


lexentry: eng/cleft_palate__Noun__1
written_rep: cleft palate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: во́лчья пасть
sense_list:
(teratology) An abnormal condition in which the two plates of the skull that form the hard palate (roof of the mouth) are not completely joined.


lexentry: eng/clematis__Noun__1
written_rep: clematis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клема́тис | ломоно́с | борода́вник
sense_list:
(botany) Any plant of the genus Clematis, vigorous climbing lianas found throughout the temperate zones.


lexentry: eng/clemency__Noun__1
written_rep: clemency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: поми́лование
sense_list:
(legal) A pardon, commutation, or similar reduction, removal, or postponement of legal penalties by an executive officer of a state.


lexentry: eng/clementine__Noun__1
written_rep: clementine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Клементина
sense_list:
A type of small, sweet-tasting orange, the result of a hybrid cross between the willowleaf variety of mandarin orange (C. × deliciosa) and a sweet orange (C. × sinensis).


lexentry: eng/clerk__Noun__1
written_rep: clerk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клерк | слу́жащая | слу́жащий | чино́вник | чино́вница
sense_list:
One who occupationally provides assistance by working with records, accounts, letters, etc.; an office worker.


lexentry: eng/clever_clogs__Noun__1
written_rep: clever clogs
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: всезнайка
sense_list:
(slang, UK, and, Ireland) Somebody who is rather too clever; a smart aleck; sometimes used as an epithet.


lexentry: eng/clever_dick__Noun__1
written_rep: clever dick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: всезнайка
sense_list:
(informal, chiefly, British) A person who annoyingly tries too hard to impress with their cleverness.


lexentry: eng/clevis__Noun__1
written_rep: clevis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: такела́жная ско́ба
sense_list:
A U-shaped coupling having holes at each end, through which a bolt is run; used especially to fit attachments to a tractor or other vehicle as it allows a degree of rotation about the bolt.


lexentry: eng/clew__Noun__1
written_rep: clew
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: [[шко́товый]] [[у́гол]] [[парус|па́руса]]
sense_list:
(nautical) The lower corner(s) of a sail to which a sheet is attached for trimming the sail (adjusting its position relative to the wind); the metal loop or cringle in the corner of the sail, to which the sheet is attached. (on a triangular sail) The trailing corner relative to the wind direction.


lexentry: eng/cliché__Noun__1
written_rep: cliché
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клише́ | штамп
sense_list:
Something, most often a phrase or expression, that is overused or used outside its original context, so that its original impact and meaning are lost. A trite saying; a platitude. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
written_rep: click
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: щелчо́к | щёлканье
sense_list:
A brief, sharp, not particularly loud, relatively high-pitched sound produced by the impact of something small and hard against something hard, such as by the operation of a switch, a lock, or a latch. | Sound made by a dolphin.


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
written_rep: click
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: щёлкающий звук
sense_list:
(phonetics) An ingressive sound made by coarticulating a velar or uvular closure with another closure.


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
written_rep: click
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: клик | щелчо́к
sense_list:
(GUI) The act of pressing a button on a computer mouse or similar input device, both as a physical act and a reaction in the software.


lexentry: eng/click__Verb__1
written_rep: click
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: щёлкать | кли́кать | кли́кнуть | щёлкнуть
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause to make a click; to operate (a switch, etc) so that it makes a click. | (transitive, GUI) To select a software item using, usually, but not always, the pressing of a mouse button.


lexentry: eng/click_beetle__Noun__1
written_rep: click beetle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: щелку́н
sense_list:
Any of various beetles of the family Elateridae, generally less than 20 mm long, which, if turned upside down, flip themselves into the air with a clicking sound.


lexentry: eng/clickbait__Noun__1
written_rep: clickbait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кликбейт
sense_list:
(Internet, _, marketing, pejorative) Website content that is aimed at generating advertising revenue, especially at the expense of quality or accuracy, relying on sensationalist headlines to attract click-throughs; such headlines.


lexentry: eng/client__Noun__1
written_rep: client
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: клие́нт | клиент
sense_list:
(computing) The role of a computer application or system that requests and/or consumes the services provided by another having the role of server.


lexentry: eng/clientele__Noun__1
written_rep: clientele
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клиенту́ра | клиентура
sense_list:
The body or class of people who frequent an establishment or purchase a service, especially when considered as forming a more-or-less homogeneous group of clients in terms of values or habits.


lexentry: eng/climacteric__Adjective__1
written_rep: climacteric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: климактери́ческий
sense_list:
(medicine) Relating to a period of physiological change during middle age; especially, menopausal. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/climate__Noun__1
written_rep: climate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кли́мат | климат
sense_list:
The long-term manifestations of weather and other atmospheric conditions in a given area or country, now usually represented by the statistical summary of its weather conditions during a period long enough to ensure that representative values are obtained (generally 30 years). | (figuratively) The context in general of a particular political, moral, etc., situation.


lexentry: eng/climate_catastrophe__Noun__1
written_rep: climate catastrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: климатическая катастрофа
sense_list:
The severe negative effects of climate change on both the natural world and humanity as a result of extreme weather events, sea level rise, biodiversity loss, etc.


lexentry: eng/climate_change__Noun__1
written_rep: climate change
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: измене́ние кли́мата | изменение климата
sense_list:
Rapid, large-scale, and long-term change in the Earth's climatic system produced by global warming; anthropogenic climate change.


lexentry: eng/climate_strike__Noun__1
written_rep: climate strike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: климати́ческая забасто́вка
sense_list:
A protest in which people absent themselves from professional or educational activities in order to join demonstrations calling for action to counter climate change.


lexentry: eng/climb__Verb__1
written_rep: climb
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: взбира́ться | взобра́ться | вскара́бкаться | зале́зть | кара́бкаться | ла́зить
sense_list:
(transitive) To move (especially up and down something) by gripping with the hands and using the feet.


lexentry: eng/climbing__Noun__1
written_rep: climbing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лазание
sense_list:
(uncountable) The sport of climbing, ascending a wall or a rock or another object using available holds, generally with the safety of a rope and belayer.


lexentry: eng/clinch__Noun__1
written_rep: clinch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: клинч
sense_list:
(wrestling, combat sports) The act of one or both fighters holding onto the other to prevent being hit or engage in standup grappling.


lexentry: eng/cling_film__Noun__1
written_rep: cling film
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пищевой | плёнка
sense_list:
(British) A plastic film (originally polyvinylidene chloride but now polyethylene) that is so light and thin that it clings to any object about which it is wrapped; used to cover and preserve foodstuffs etc.


lexentry: eng/clingfish__Noun__1
written_rep: clingfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прилипа́ла
sense_list:
A small marine fish of the family Gobiesocidae which has a sucking disc on its underside that it uses to cling to rocks and seaweed.


lexentry: eng/clingy__Adjective__1
written_rep: clingy
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: навя́зчивый | назо́йливый | привя́зчивый
sense_list:
(informal, usually, derogatory) Pathetically attached to, or possessive of someone, usually a significant other.


lexentry: eng/clinic__Noun__1
written_rep: clinic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кли́ника | амбулато́рия | лече́бница | поликли́ника
sense_list:
A medical facility, such as a hospital, especially one for the treatment and diagnosis of outpatients.


lexentry: eng/clinical__Adjective__1
written_rep: clinical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бесстра́стный
sense_list:
Cool and emotionless, in a professional way, as contrasted with an impetuous#Adjective or unprofessional#Adjective way.


lexentry: eng/clinical_death__Noun__1
written_rep: clinical death
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клини́ческая смерть
sense_list:
(medicine, legal) A state in which usual medically observable vital signs—such as respiration, heartbeat, and corneal reflex—are not present, but from which patients are sometimes revived.


lexentry: eng/clinical_psychology__Noun__1
written_rep: clinical psychology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клиническая психоло́гия
sense_list:
(psychology) A branch of psychology with the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.


lexentry: eng/clinical_trial__Noun__1
written_rep: clinical trial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клини́ческое испыта́ние | клини́ческое иссле́дование
sense_list:
(medicine) A test of a medication or other medical treatment (such as a medical device), usually a comparison against a placebo, other medications or devices, or the standard medical treatment for a patient's condition.


lexentry: eng/clinician__Noun__1
written_rep: clinician
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: клиници́ст | клиници́стка
sense_list:
(chiefly, US) Someone who conducts a clinic; an expert or skilled practitioner in a particular field, such as business or education. In this sense, a clinician is someone who provides practical advice or hands-on assistance to others in a specific area of expertise. For example, a business clinician might be an experienced consultant who helps companies improve their operations, while an education clinician might be a skilled teacher who provides professional development and support to other educators.


lexentry: eng/clink__Verb__1
written_rep: clink
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бренча́ть | бря́цать | дребезжа́ть | звене́ть | звуча́ть | звя́кать
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To make a clinking sound; to make a sound of metal on metal or glass on glass; to strike materials such as metal or glass against one another.


lexentry: eng/clinker__Noun__1
written_rep: clinker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: шлак
sense_list:
Slag or ash produced by intense heat in a furnace, kiln or boiler that forms a hard residue upon cooling. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/clip__Noun__2
written_rep: clip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: выреза́ние | стри́жка
sense_list:
A short piece of audio (shortened version of audio clip, or alternatively clipping of audio). | An act of clipping, such as a haircut.


lexentry: eng/clipboard__Noun__1
written_rep: clipboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бу́фер обме́на | карма́н | клипборд | планше́т с зажи́мом
sense_list:
(computing) A buffer in memory where the user can store data temporarily while transferring it from one place within an application to another or between applications.


lexentry: eng/clipper__Noun__1
written_rep: clipper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: кли́пер
sense_list:
(nautical) Any of several forms of very fast sailing ships having a long, low hull and a sharply raked stem.


lexentry: eng/clique__Noun__1
written_rep: clique
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кли́ка
sense_list:
A small, exclusive group of individuals, usually according to lifestyle or social status; a cabal. | (graph theory) A subgraph isomorphic to a complete graph.


lexentry: eng/clitic__Noun__1
written_rep: clitic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кли́тика
sense_list:
(linguistics) A morpheme that functions like a word, but never appears as an independent word, instead being always attached to a following or preceding word (or, in some cases, within a surrounding word).


lexentry: eng/clitoral_hood__Noun__1
written_rep: clitoral hood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клитора́льный капюшо́н
sense_list:
A fold of skin that surrounds and protects the clitoris, homologous with the male foreskin; the female prepuce.


lexentry: eng/clitoris__Noun__1
written_rep: clitoris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кли́тор | похотни́к | клитор
sense_list:
(anatomy) A sensitive elongated erectile sex organ at the anterior part of the vulva in female humans and other mammals. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cloaca__Noun__1
written_rep: cloaca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: клоа́ка
sense_list:
(anatomy, zoology) The opening in reptiles, amphibians and birds, as well as elasmobranchians, lobe-finned fishes and monotreme mammals, which serves as the common outlet for the urogenital ducts and rectum.


lexentry: eng/clobber__Verb__1
written_rep: clobber
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: перезаписывать
sense_list:
(transitive, computing, slang) To overwrite (data) or override (an assignment of a value), often unintentionally or unexpectedly.


lexentry: eng/clock__Noun__1
written_rep: clock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: часы
sense_list:
(electronics) An electrical signal that synchronizes timing among digital circuits of semiconductor chips or modules.


lexentry: eng/clock_speed__Noun__1
written_rep: clock speed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: синхросигнал | тактовый сигнал
sense_list:
(computing, computer hardware) The rate, measured in hertz, at which a processor performs its fundamental operations.


lexentry: eng/clock_tower__Noun__1
written_rep: clock tower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: часова́я ба́шня
sense_list:
(architecture) A tower, usually in a prominent position, having a large clock in a high position, often with several faces.


lexentry: eng/clockwork__Noun__1
written_rep: clockwork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: веревка
sense_list:
A mechanism powered by a coiled spring and regulated by some form of escapement; the power is transmitted through toothed gearwheels and used to drive a mechanical clock, toy, or other device.


lexentry: eng/clod__Noun__1
written_rep: clod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ком | глы́ба
sense_list:
A lump of something, especially earth or clay. | Part of a shoulder of beef, or of the neck piece near the shoulder.


lexentry: eng/cloister__Noun__1
written_rep: cloister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клуа́тр | кры́тая арка́да | кры́тая галере́я
sense_list:
A covered walk with an open colonnade on one side, running along the walls of buildings that face a quadrangle; especially:


lexentry: eng/clone__Noun__1
written_rep: clone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клон
sense_list:
A living organism (originally a plant) produced asexually from a single ancestor, to which it is genetically identical. | (cytology) A group of identical cells derived from a single cell.


lexentry: eng/cloning__Noun__1
written_rep: cloning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: клони́рование
sense_list:
(biology) The production of a cloned embryo by transplanting the nucleus of a somatic cell into an ovum.


lexentry: eng/close,_but_no_cigar__Phrase__1
written_rep: close, but no cigar
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: про́мах есть про́мах | чуть-чу́ть не счита́ется
sense_list:
(idiomatic, originally, US, colloquial) Used to indicate that one is almost correct or has almost succeeded, but not quite. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/close__Verb__1
written_rep: close
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: закрыва́ть | закры́ть | закрыть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To move a thing, or part of a thing, nearer to another so that the gap or opening between the two is removed. | (ergative, computing) To terminate an application, window, file or database connection, etc.


lexentry: eng/close__Verb__1
written_rep: close
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: закрыть
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive, electricity, of a switch, fuse or circuit breaker) To move to a position allowing electricity to flow.


lexentry: eng/close_ranks__Verb__1
written_rep: close ranks
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: смыка́ть ряды́ | сомкну́ть ряды́
sense_list:
(figuratively) To regroup forces, especially when this involves overlooking differences in order to face a challenge or adverse situation. Often implies making a show of unity, especially to the public.


lexentry: eng/close_the_stable_door_after_the_horse_has_bolted__Verb__1
written_rep: close the stable door after the horse has bolted
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: после пожара да за водой
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To attempt to prevent a problem that has already occurred; to design and implement a preventive mechanism that is too late (after the first failure instead of before).


lexentry: eng/closed__Adjective__1
written_rep: closed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: за́мкнутый
sense_list:
(topology, of a set) Having an open complement. | (mathematics, of a set) Such that its image under the specified operation is contained in it.


lexentry: eng/closed_caption__Noun__1
written_rep: closed caption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скрытые субтитры
sense_list:
(television) Text which can be displayed on a television or other video screen with suitable equipment, usually a transcription or description of audio material.


lexentry: eng/closet__Noun__1
written_rep: closet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шкаф
sense_list:
A small room within a house used to store clothing, food, or other household supplies. | (obsolete) Any private space, (particularly) bowers in the open air. | (archaic) A private room used for prayer or other devotions. | (figuratively, archaic) A place of (usually, fanciful) contemplation and theorizing. | (now, rare) Any private or inner room, (particularly): | (obsolete) A private room used by women to groom and dress themselves. | (obsolete) A pew or side-chapel reserved for a monarch or other feudal lord. | (archaic) One used to store curiosities. | (figuratively) A secret or hiding place, (particularly) the hiding place in English idioms such as in the closet and skeleton in the closet. | (obsolete) One used to store valuables. | (slang, uncommon) Clipping of closet case. | A private cabinet, (particularly): | (US, Philippines) One intended for storing clothes or bedclothes. | (now, chiefly, Scotland, Ireland) Any small room or side room. | (obsolete) Clipping of closet of ease, (later, UK) clipping of water closet: a room containing a toilet. | (heraldiccharge) An ordinary similar to a bar but half as broad. | (Scotland, obsolete) A sewer. | A state or condition of secrecy, privacy, or obscurity. | The state of having one's sexual orientation a secret. | (archaic) A compendium of knowledge, possibly from closet as a room?


lexentry: eng/closeup__Noun__1
written_rep: closeup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кру́пный план
sense_list:
(film) A video or film recording made with the camera positioned close to an actor, often so that only the head or face is visible.


lexentry: eng/cloth__Noun__1
written_rep: cloth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ткань | мате́рия | сукно́
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use. | (metaphoric) Appearance; seeming.


lexentry: eng/clothes_dryer__Noun__1
written_rep: clothes dryer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: суши́лка | суши́льная маши́на
sense_list:
An electrical appliance used for drying clothes, usually by tumbling them in a heated rotating drum.


lexentry: eng/clothes_moth__Noun__1
written_rep: clothes moth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моль | платяна́я моль
sense_list:
Any of several small, yellowish or buff-colored moths of the family Tineidae, feeding on textiles (wool, fur, feathers).


lexentry: eng/clothes_peg__Noun__1
written_rep: clothes peg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прище́пка
sense_list:
(British, Australia, NZ, Canada) An object (usually made of wood or plastic) used to attach wet laundry to a clothesline so that it (the laundry) can dry.


lexentry: eng/clotted_cream__Noun__1
written_rep: clotted cream
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: топлёные сли́вки
sense_list:
A thick, sweet dairy product, made by skimming the thickened layer off the top of unhomogenized cream that has been heated and allowed to stand. Fat content is at least 55%.


lexentry: eng/cloud__Noun__1
written_rep: cloud
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: о́блако | облако
sense_list:
(computing, with "the") The Internet, regarded as an abstract amorphous omnipresent space for processing and storage, the focus of cloud computing.


lexentry: eng/cloud_computing__Noun__1
written_rep: cloud computing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́блачные вычисле́ния
sense_list:
(informal, computing) Computing services provided over the Internet (or "cloud"), whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices on demand.


lexentry: eng/clouded_leopard__Noun__1
written_rep: clouded leopard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ды́мчатый леопа́рд
sense_list:
A medium-sized, arboreal cat (Neofelis nebulosa) found in Southeast Asia. It has a disproportionately long tail and canines, and a tawny coat with dark, irregular, oval markings.


lexentry: eng/clove__Noun__1
written_rep: clove
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гвозди́ка | гвоздика
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) A very pungent aromatic spice, the unexpanded flower bud of the clove tree.


lexentry: eng/clove__Noun__1
written_rep: clove
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гвозди́чное де́рево
sense_list:
(countable) A clove tree, of the species Syzygium aromaticum (syn. Caryophyllus aromaticus), native to the Moluccas (Indonesian islands), which produces the spice.


lexentry: eng/clove_hitch__Noun__1
written_rep: clove hitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: выбленка
sense_list:
(nautical) a bend formed by two half hitches in the same direction, used to make a line fast to a spar or to a larger rope; it will not slip


lexentry: eng/clover__Noun__1
written_rep: clover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кле́вер | клевер
sense_list:
A plant of the genus Trifolium with leaves usually divided into three (rarely four) leaflets and with white or red flowers.


lexentry: eng/cloverleaf_interchange__Noun__1
written_rep: cloverleaf interchange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клевер
sense_list:
(US, Canada) A junction of two highways, one crossing over the other, having a series of exit and entrance ramps, arranged in the form of a four-leaf clover, such that traffic may proceed from either highway in all directions.


lexentry: eng/clown__Noun__1
written_rep: clown
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шут | кло́ун | пая́ц | клоун
sense_list:
A slapstick performance artist often associated with a circus and usually characterized by bright, oversized clothing, a red nose, face paint, and a brightly colored wig.


lexentry: eng/clownfish__Noun__1
written_rep: clownfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ры́ба-кло́ун
sense_list:
Any of colorful fish of genera Amphiprion and Premnas in subfamily Amphiprioninae of family Pomacentridae, native to the Pacific and Indian Oceans, notable for their mutual relationship with sea anemones.


lexentry: eng/club__Noun__1
written_rep: club
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клуб
sense_list:
An association of members joining together for some common purpose, especially sports or recreation.


lexentry: eng/club__Noun__1
written_rep: club
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: клуб | ночно́й клуб
sense_list:
An establishment that provides staged entertainment, often with food and drink, such as a nightclub.


lexentry: eng/club__Noun__1
written_rep: club
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: кре́сти | тре́фа | трефо́вая масть
sense_list:
(card games) A black clover shape (♣), one of the four symbols used to mark the suits of playing cards.


lexentry: eng/club_moss__Noun__1
written_rep: club moss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ликопо́диум | плау́н
sense_list:
Any of various simple microphyllous vascular plants, of the family Lycopodiaceae, that resemble mosses and produce spores.


lexentry: eng/club_soda__Noun__1
written_rep: club soda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: газированная вода
sense_list:
(North America) A carbonated beverage consisting mainly of carbonated water, with or without a few other minor ingredients such as potassium citrate.


lexentry: eng/club_together__Verb__1
written_rep: club together
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (finance) To contribute money jointly with others.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[устра́ивать]] [[складчина|скла́дчину]] | [[устро́ить]] [[складчина|скла́дчину]] | ски́дываться | ски́нуться | скла́дываться | сложи́ться


lexentry: eng/cluck__Verb__1
written_rep: cluck
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: куда́хтать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make low clicking sounds (refers to hens). | (transitive) To cause (the tongue) to make a clicking sound.


lexentry: eng/clumsy__Adjective__1
written_rep: clumsy
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: неудо́бный
sense_list:
Awkward or inefficient in use or construction, difficult to handle or manage especially because of shape.


lexentry: eng/cluster__Noun__1
written_rep: cluster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гроздь
sense_list:
(epidemiology) A group of cases of the same disease occurring around the same place or time. | (linguistics) Synonym of lexical bundle (“a sequence of two or more words that occur in a language with high frequency but are not idiomatic”)


lexentry: eng/cluster__Noun__1
written_rep: cluster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гру́ппа
sense_list:
(statistics) In cluster analysis: a subset of a population whose members are similar enough to each other and distinct from others as to be considered a separate group; also, such a grouping in a set of observed data that is statistically significant.


lexentry: eng/cluster__Noun__1
written_rep: cluster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кла́стер
sense_list:
A group of computers that work together. | A logical data storage unit containing one or more physical sectors (see block).


lexentry: eng/cluster__Noun__1
written_rep: cluster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: скопле́ние
sense_list:
(astronomy) A group of galaxies, nebulae, or stars that appear to the naked eye to be near each other.


lexentry: eng/cluster_analysis__Noun__1
written_rep: cluster analysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кла́стерный ана́лиз
sense_list:
(artificial intelligence, statistics) The classification of objects into different groups, or more precisely, the partitioning of a data set into subsets (clusters), so that the data in each subset (ideally) share some common trait - often proximity according to some defined distance measure.


lexentry: eng/cluster_bomb__Noun__1
written_rep: cluster bomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кассе́тная бо́мба
sense_list:
An explosive munition designed to explode in the air and release a cluster of smaller explosives, thus spreading the blast over a larger area.


lexentry: eng/clusterfuck__Noun__1
written_rep: clusterfuck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: барда́к | пизде́ц | по́лная жо́па
sense_list:
(slang, vulgar) A chaotic situation where everything seems to go wrong, often caused by communication failure, a complex environment, or incompetence.


lexentry: eng/clustering__Noun__1
written_rep: clustering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: группа
sense_list:
(writing) A prewriting technique consisting of writing ideas down on a sheet of paper around a central idea within a circle, with the related ideas radially joined to the circle using rays.


lexentry: eng/clutch__Noun__1
written_rep: clutch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сцепле́ние | му́фта | сцепление
sense_list:
A device to interrupt power transmission, commonly used to separate the engine and gearbox in a car. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/clutch__Noun__1
written_rep: clutch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: [[педа́ль]] [[сцепление|сцепле́ния]] | сцепление
sense_list:
The pedal in a car that disengages power and torque transmission from the engine (through the drivetrain) to the drive wheels.


lexentry: eng/clutch_pedal__Noun__1
written_rep: clutch pedal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: педаль сцепления
sense_list:
(automotive) A pedal in a manual transmission car that modulates the clutch mechanism, via clutch plate pressure.


lexentry: eng/cnidarian__Noun__1
written_rep: cnidarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: книда́рий | стрека́ющее
sense_list:
(zoology) Any of various invertebrate animals, such as jellyfish, hydras, sea anemones, corals and formerly sponges and ctenophores that belong to the phylum Cnidaria. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/co-brother-in-law__Noun__1
written_rep: co-brother-in-law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зять
sense_list:
(uncommon) One's spouse's brother-in-law (one's spouse's sibling's husband), especially one's wife's sister's husband; either of two (or more) men who marry sisters, in relation to the other; the brother of one spouse in relation to the siblings of the other spouse.


lexentry: eng/co-father-in-law__Noun__1
written_rep: co-father-in-law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сват
sense_list:
The father of one's son- or daughter-in-law; that is, the father-in-law of one's child, or, the father of one spouse in relation to the father of the other spouse; either of two or more men whose children marry each other, such as the father of a bride vis-à-vis the father of the groom.


lexentry: eng/co-mother-in-law__Noun__1
written_rep: co-mother-in-law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сва́тья
sense_list:
(uncommon) The mother of one's children-in-law; that is, the mother-in-law of one's children, or, the mother of one spouse in relation to the parents of the other spouse; either of two or more women whose children marry each other, such as the mother of a bride vis-à-vis the mother of the groom.


lexentry: eng/co-sister-in-law__Noun__1
written_rep: co-sister-in-law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: неве́стка | своя́ченица
sense_list:
One's spouse's sister-in-law, especially one's husband's brother's wife, one's brother's wife in relation to the spouses of his siblings; either of two (or more) women who are married to brothers, in relation to the other.


lexentry: eng/coagulation__Noun__1
written_rep: coagulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свёртывание
sense_list:
The precipitation of suspended particles as they increase in size by any of several physical or chemical processes. (e.g. coagulation of proteins) | The process by which blood forms solid clots.


lexentry: eng/coal__Noun__1
written_rep: coal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: у́голь | ка́менный у́голь | уголёк | уголь
sense_list:
(uncountable) A black or brownish black rock formed from prehistoric plant remains, composed largely of carbon and burned as a fuel.


lexentry: eng/coal__Noun__1
written_rep: coal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: уголь
sense_list:
(countable) A piece of coal used for burning (this use is less common in American English) | (military slang, WWI, _, –, _, WWII) Bombs emitting black smoke on impact.


lexentry: eng/coal_gas__Noun__1
written_rep: coal gas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: светильный газ
sense_list:
(petrochemistry) The poisonous gas, used domestically for cooking etc and formerly for lighting, prepared by heating coal with steam (gasification); it is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide; sometimes synonymous with synthesis gas or town gas.


lexentry: eng/coal_tar__Noun__1
written_rep: coal tar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каменноу́гольная смола́
sense_list:
A black, viscous tar made by the destructive distillation of coal (to make coke and town gas); it contains a great number of compounds including hydrocarbons and phenols; used in the preparation of medicinal soap and shampoo, and industrially for the manufacture of many products.


lexentry: eng/coalescer__Noun__1
written_rep: coalescer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коагуля́тор
sense_list:
Any of several devices used to perform coalescence; especially to make the fatty elements of an emulsion to coalesce into larger droplets in order to facilitate their separation.


lexentry: eng/coalface__Noun__1
written_rep: coalface
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: кузница
sense_list:
(figurative, UK) A place where more tangible, practical, or direct work of an activity is done, as opposed to theoretical or managerial work.


lexentry: eng/coalfish__Noun__1
written_rep: coalfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: са́йда
sense_list:
Any of several blackish fish, especially Pollachius virens, a pollack, and Anoplopoma fimbria, sablefish.


lexentry: eng/coaster__Noun__1
written_rep: coaster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[каботажный|кабота́жное]] [[су́дно]]
sense_list:
A merchant vessel that stays in coastal waters, especially one that travels between ports of the same country.


lexentry: eng/coaster__Noun__2
written_rep: coaster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: подста́вка
sense_list:
A small, flat or tray-like object on which a bottle, cup, glass, mug, etc., is placed to protect a table surface from drink spills, heat, or water condensation.


lexentry: eng/coastline__Noun__1
written_rep: coastline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: берегова́я ли́ния
sense_list:
The shape, outline, or boundary of a coast. (The term coastline is generally used to describe the approximate boundaries at relatively large spatial scales.)


lexentry: eng/coat_hanger__Noun__1
written_rep: coat hanger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ве́шалка | пле́чики | тре́мпель
sense_list:
A device used to hang up coats, shirts, etc, consisting of a hook with sloping "arms" in the approximate shape of human shoulders.


lexentry: eng/coat_of_arms__Noun__1
written_rep: coat of arms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: герб
sense_list:
(heraldry) Hereditary designs and symbols depicted on an escutcheon, sometimes accompanied by other elements of a heraldic achievement, such as a helm, crest, crest coronet, torse, mantling and supporters; described by a blazon.


lexentry: eng/coat_rack__Noun__1
written_rep: coat rack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вешалка
sense_list:
A rack or stand with hooks or pegs for holding hats and coats, often placed near an entrance for temporary use


lexentry: eng/coati__Noun__1
written_rep: coati
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коа́ти | носу́ха
sense_list:
Any of several omnivorous mammals, of the genus Nasua or Nasuella, in order Carnivora, that live in the range from southern United States to northern Argentina.


lexentry: eng/coax__Verb__1
written_rep: coax
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: увещева́ть | угова́ривать | уговори́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To wheedle or persuade (a person, organisation, animal etc.) gradually or by use of flattery to do something.


lexentry: eng/coaxial_cable__Noun__1
written_rep: coaxial cable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коаксиа́л | коаксиа́льный ка́бель
sense_list:
(electronics, telecommunications) A transmission line, consisting of a conducting wire surrounded by an insulated spacer, surrounded by a cylindrical conducting sheath; used to carry high frequency signals such as TV.


lexentry: eng/cobaltite__Noun__1
written_rep: cobaltite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кобальти́т
sense_list:
(mineral) A rare gray mineral, a mixed sulfide and arsenide of cobalt and iron with chemical formula CoAsS; it is an ore of cobalt.


lexentry: eng/cobber__Noun__1
written_rep: cobber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: приятель | старина
sense_list:
(Australia, slang, dated) A pal, buddy, mate, friend; often used in direct address by one male to another.


lexentry: eng/cobelligerent__Noun__1
written_rep: cobelligerent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: объединённый
sense_list:
Country that wages war against a common enemy, without the countries on the same side having a formal treaty of military alliance.


lexentry: eng/cobra_pose__Noun__1
written_rep: cobra pose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бхуджангаса́на
sense_list:
(asana) A yoga pose in which a person lays face-down and then extends their arm to push only their upper body up, causing the back to arch.


lexentry: eng/cobza__Noun__1
written_rep: cobza
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кобза
sense_list:
A lute-like stringed instrument (chordophone), with four strings in double courses, played with a plectrum, and most associated with the traditional music of Romania.


lexentry: eng/coca__Noun__1
written_rep: coca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ко́ка
sense_list:
The dried leaf of one of these plants, the South American shrub (Erythroxylum coca), widely cultivated in Andean countries, which is the source of cocaine and used as aphrodisiac in the past.


lexentry: eng/cocaine__Noun__1
written_rep: cocaine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кокаи́н | кокаин
sense_list:
(uncountable, organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) An addictive drug derived from coca (Erythroxylum) or prepared synthetically, used sometimes medicinally as a local anesthetic and, often illegally, as a stimulant.


lexentry: eng/cochineal__Noun__1
written_rep: cochineal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кошени́ль
sense_list:
(countable) A scale insect of the species Dactylopius coccus, native to the tropical and subtropical Americas, which lives on prickly pear cacti (genus Opuntia). | (uncountable) A vivid red dye made from the dried bodies of cochineal insects.


lexentry: eng/cochlear_implant__Noun__1
written_rep: cochlear implant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кохлеа́рный импланта́т
sense_list:
A surgically implanted electronic device that can help provide a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing.


lexentry: eng/cock__Verb__1
written_rep: cock
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: взвести́ | взводи́ть
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To lift the cock of a firearm or crossbow; to prepare (a gun or crossbow) to be fired.


lexentry: eng/cock__Verb__1
written_rep: cock
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: заломить
sense_list:
(transitive) To turn or twist something upwards or to one side; to lift or tilt (e.g. headwear) boastfully.


lexentry: eng/cock_and_ball_torture__Noun__1
written_rep: cock and ball torture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пытка члена и яиц
sense_list:
(BDSM, paraphilia) A sexual activity involving the application of pain or constriction to the penis or testicles.


lexentry: eng/cock_up__Verb__1
written_rep: cock up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: впутывать
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, chiefly, UK, Commonwealth, Ireland, slang, mildly) To ruin (something) unintentionally; to fuck up, mess up, or screw up.


lexentry: eng/cockatiel__Noun__1
written_rep: cockatiel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коре́лла | корелла
sense_list:
Nymphicus hollandicus, a small, rather atypical cockatoo with a distinctive pointed yellow crest, native to Australia. Avicultural forms come in many color mutations such as White Face Gray, White Face Pearl, Fallow, Pearl Pied, Cinnamon Pearl, and White Face Pied.


lexentry: eng/cockatrice__Noun__1
written_rep: cockatrice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кокатрикс
sense_list:
(mythology) A legendary creature about the size and shape of a dragon or wyvern, but in appearance resembling a giant rooster, with some lizard-like characteristics.


lexentry: eng/cockfighting__Noun__1
written_rep: cockfighting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бойцовый петух | петуши́ный бой
sense_list:
A gambling blood sport (illegal in most countries) in which two roosters have spikes placed on their feet and are made to fight each other, usually to the death.


lexentry: eng/cockle__Noun__1
written_rep: cockle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сердцеви́дка
sense_list:
Any of various edible European bivalve mollusks, of the family Cardiidae, having heart-shaped shells.


lexentry: eng/cockpit__Noun__2
written_rep: cockpit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: каби́на
sense_list:
The compartment in an aircraft or spacecraft in which the pilot sits and from where the craft is controlled. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cocksucker__Noun__1
written_rep: cocksucker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мине́тчик | мине́тчица | хуесо́с | хуесо́ска | членосос | членососка
sense_list:
(vulgar, colloquial, derogatory, or, offensive) A very annoying or objectionable person; any contemptible person. | (vulgar, colloquial, derogatory, offensive, very, uncommon) Someone who performs fellatio.


lexentry: eng/cocoa__Noun__1
written_rep: cocoa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кака́о | какао
sense_list:
The dried and partially fermented fatty seeds of the cacao tree from which chocolate is made. | (uncountable) A hot drink made with milk, cocoa powder, and sugar. | (countable) A light to medium brown colour.


lexentry: eng/cocoa_butter__Noun__1
written_rep: cocoa butter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ма́сло кака́о
sense_list:
The fat that is extracted from the cocoa bean to make chocolate; it has a relatively sharp melting point so does not feel greasy when eaten.


lexentry: eng/cocoa_powder__Noun__1
written_rep: cocoa powder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[кака́о]]-[[порошо́к]]
sense_list:
(baking, cooking) A powder derived from ground cocoa solids, which is used to make the drink of cocoa, various chocolate products, also used as an ingredient in baking.


lexentry: eng/coconut__Noun__1
written_rep: coconut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коко́с | коко́совый оре́х
sense_list:
A fruit of the coconut palm (not a true nut), Cocos nucifera, having a fibrous husk surrounding a large seed. | A hard-shelled seed of this fruit, having white flesh and a fluid-filled central cavity.


lexentry: eng/coconut_crab__Noun__1
written_rep: coconut crab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коко́совый краб | па́льмовый вор
sense_list:
A terrestrial hermit crab of species Birgus latro, that lives on the shores of the Indian Ocean and the central Pacific Ocean and feeds on fruits, nuts, seeds and coconut flesh.


lexentry: eng/coconut_milk__Noun__1
written_rep: coconut milk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коко́совое молоко́
sense_list:
A thick white liquid produced by soaking the white inner flesh of the seed of the coconut in water and straining. It is traditionally used in Southeast Asian cuisine in curry and other gravy.


lexentry: eng/coconut_oil__Noun__1
written_rep: coconut oil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коко́совое ма́сло
sense_list:
A type of cooking oil extracted from the kernel or meat of matured coconuts harvested from the coconut palm.


lexentry: eng/coconut_sap__Noun__1
written_rep: coconut sap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коко́совый сок
sense_list:
A sugary liquid obtained by tapping the stem of the coconut palm during inflorescence, from which later sugar, coconut vinegar, or palm wine may be produced.


lexentry: eng/coconut_vinegar__Noun__1
written_rep: coconut vinegar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коко́совый у́ксус
sense_list:
Vinegar made by fermenting coconut sap or less often coconut water, used extensively in Southeast Asian cuisine.


lexentry: eng/coconut_water__Noun__1
written_rep: coconut water
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коко́совая вода́
sense_list:
A clear liquid found inside immature coconuts, which suspends the endosperm during the nuclear stage of development. It is a popular drink in tropical regions.


lexentry: eng/cod__Noun__1
written_rep: cod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: треска́ | треска
sense_list:
Sea fish of the genus Gadus generally, inclusive of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) and Greenland cod (Gadus ogac or Gadus macrocephalus ogac). | The meat of any of the above fish.


lexentry: eng/cod_liver_oil__Noun__1
written_rep: cod liver oil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ры́бий жир
sense_list:
Oil derived from the liver of codfish, often used as a nutritional supplement due to its high levels of omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, and very high levels of vitamin A and vitamin D.


lexentry: eng/code-switching__Noun__1
written_rep: code-switching
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: переключе́ние ко́дов | смеше́ние ко́дов
sense_list:
(linguistics) The phenomenon or practice of alternating between two or more languages or language varieties.


lexentry: eng/code__Noun__1
written_rep: code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: код
sense_list:
A short textual designation, often with little relation to the item it represents. | A set of rules for converting information into another form or representation. | (programming, uncountable) Instructions for a computer, written in a programming language; the input of a translator, an interpreter or a browser, namely: source code, machine code, bytecode.


lexentry: eng/code__Noun__1
written_rep: code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ко́декс | уста́в
sense_list:
A body of law, sanctioned by legislation, in which the rules of law to be specifically applied by the courts are set forth in systematic form; a compilation of laws by public authority; a digest.


lexentry: eng/code__Noun__1
written_rep: code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: код | шифр
sense_list:
(cryptography) A cryptographic system using a codebook that converts words or phrases into codewords.


lexentry: eng/code_block__Noun__1
written_rep: code block
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корпус
sense_list:
(programming) A block of source code, often one that is delimited by brackets or in some similar way, depending on the programming language.


lexentry: eng/code_name__Noun__1
written_rep: code name
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́довое и́мя | ко́довое назва́ние | ко́довое наименова́ние | коднэ́йм | усло́вное назва́ние
sense_list:
(business, espionage, military) A name used to clandestinely identify somebody or something, either for military or espionage purposes, or for commercial confidentiality.


lexentry: eng/code_of_honour__Noun__1
written_rep: code of honour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́декс че́сти
sense_list:
Certain rules by which social intercourse is regulated among a social group, and which are founded on a regard for reputation.


lexentry: eng/codeine__Noun__1
written_rep: codeine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кодеи́н
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) An addictive alkaloid narcotic derived from opium and used as a hypnotic, analgesic and antitussive; often mixed with aspirin etc.


lexentry: eng/codon__Noun__2
written_rep: codon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кодо́н | три́плет
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides, which encode for a specific amino acid during protein synthesis or translation.


lexentry: eng/codpiece__Noun__1
written_rep: codpiece
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ширинка
sense_list:
A part of male dress in the 15th and 16th centuries, worn in front of the breeches to cover the male genitals.


lexentry: eng/codriver__Noun__1
written_rep: codriver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: штурман
sense_list:
The navigator in the sport of rally racing, who sits in the front passenger seat and gives directions to the driver.


lexentry: eng/coefficient_of_friction__Noun__1
written_rep: coefficient of friction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коэффицие́нт тре́ния
sense_list:
(physics) The ratio between (1) the magnitude of the force of friction which a surface produces on an object (moving along the surface or being pressed statically against it) and (2) the magnitude of the normal force which is produced by the surface on the object and which is perpendicular to that surface.


lexentry: eng/coelacanth__Noun__1
written_rep: coelacanth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: латиме́рия | целака́нт
sense_list:
Either of two species of deep-water fish, Latimeria chalumnae of the Indian Ocean and Latimeria menadoensis of Indonesia.


lexentry: eng/coelacanth__Noun__1
written_rep: coelacanth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: целака́нт
sense_list:
Any lobe-finned fish in the order Coelacanthiformes, thought until 1938 to have been extinct for 70 million years.


lexentry: eng/coelenterate__Noun__1
written_rep: coelenterate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кишечнополостно́е
sense_list:
(zoology, dated) Any simple aquatic animal formerly considered to belong to the phylum Coelenterata, now divided into the cnidarians and ctenophores.


lexentry: eng/coeliac_disease__Noun__1
written_rep: coeliac disease
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: целиаки́я
sense_list:
(UK) An auto-immune disease characterised by sensitivity of the lining of the small intestine to gluten, causing a failure to digest food properly.


lexentry: eng/coerce__Verb__1
written_rep: coerce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: заста́вить | заставля́ть | прину́дить | принужда́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To use force, threat, fraud, or intimidation in an attempt to compel one to act against their will.


lexentry: eng/coercion__Noun__1
written_rep: coercion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наси́лие | принужде́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) Actual or threatened force for the purpose of compelling action by another person; the act of coercing.


lexentry: eng/coercion__Noun__1
written_rep: coercion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: принужде́ние
sense_list:
(legal, uncountable) Use of physical or moral force to compel a person to do something, or to abstain from doing something, thereby depriving that person of the exercise of free will.


lexentry: eng/coevolution__Noun__1
written_rep: coevolution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коэволюция
sense_list:
(ecology, evolutionary theory) The evolution of organisms of two or more species in which each adapts to changes in the other.


lexentry: eng/coexist__Verb__1
written_rep: coexist
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сосуществова́ть | сосуществовать
sense_list:
(intransitive, stative, of two or more things, people, concepts, etc.) To exist contemporaneously or in the same area.


lexentry: eng/coexistence__Noun__1
written_rep: coexistence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: совме́стное существова́ние | сосуществова́ние
sense_list:
The state of two or more things existing together, usually in a temporal or spatial sense, with or without mutual interaction.


lexentry: eng/coffee_bean__Noun__1
written_rep: coffee bean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кофе́йное зерно́ | кофе́йный боб
sense_list:
The seed of a tropical plant of the genus Coffea. Prepared by drying, roasting and grinding for making the beverage coffee.


lexentry: eng/coffee_break__Noun__1
written_rep: coffee break
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́фе-бре́йк | [[переры́в]] на [[ко́фе]] | кофе-па́уза
sense_list:
A rest period during the business day (usually of about 10 or 15 minutes). So named because it is an opportunity to get coffee.


lexentry: eng/coffee_grinder__Noun__1
written_rep: coffee grinder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кофемо́лка
sense_list:
A device for pulverizing or powdering coffee beans so they can be brewed as coffee. (Technically many of the machines tear the coffee beans).


lexentry: eng/coffee_table__Noun__1
written_rep: coffee table
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: журна́льный сто́лик | кофе́йный сто́лик
sense_list:
(furniture) A long, low table, often placed before seating in a living room, on which drinks may be served, and magazines, etc. placed.


lexentry: eng/cofounder__Noun__1
written_rep: cofounder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сооснова́тель | сооснова́тельница | соучреди́тель | соучреди́тельница
sense_list:
A joint founder; one of several people involved with the creation of a business, organization, union, or entity.


lexentry: eng/cog__Noun__2
written_rep: cog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: когг
sense_list:
(historical) The hypothetical precursor ship type of the above said to be in use during the early Middle Ages, variously alleged to be Frisian or Scandinavian.


lexentry: eng/cognate__Noun__1
written_rep: cognate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: когна́т | однокоренно́е сло́во
sense_list:
(linguistics) A word either descended from the same base word of the same ancestor language as the given word, or judged to be a regular reflex of the same reconstructed root of proto-language as the given word.


lexentry: eng/cognition__Noun__1
written_rep: cognition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: восприя́тие | позна́ние
sense_list:
The process of knowing, of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought and through the senses.


lexentry: eng/cognitive__Adjective__1
written_rep: cognitive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: когнити́вный | познава́тельный | когнитивный
sense_list:
Relating to the part of mental functions that deals with logic, as opposed to affective which deals with emotions.


lexentry: eng/cognitive_behavioral_therapy__Noun__1
written_rep: cognitive behavioral therapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: когнити́вно-поведе́нческая терапи́я
sense_list:
(psychology) A psychotherapeutic approach that addresses dysfunctional emotions, behaviors, and cognitions, focussing on a client's current state rather than on their past.


lexentry: eng/cognitive_dissonance__Noun__1
written_rep: cognitive dissonance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: когнити́вный диссона́нс
sense_list:
(psychology) A conflict or anxiety resulting from inconsistencies between one's beliefs and one's actions or other beliefs.


lexentry: eng/cognitive_psychology__Noun__1
written_rep: cognitive psychology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: когнити́вная психоло́гия
sense_list:
(psychology) A branch of psychology that examines internal mental processes such as problem solving, memory, and language.


lexentry: eng/cognizance__Noun__1
written_rep: cognizance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эмбле́ма
sense_list:
An emblem, badge or device, used as a distinguishing mark by the body of retainers of a royal or noble house.


lexentry: eng/cognize__Verb__1
written_rep: cognize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: знать
sense_list:
To know, perceive, or become aware of. | To make into an object of cognition (the process of acquiring knowledge through thought); to cogitate.


lexentry: eng/cognomen__Noun__1
written_rep: cognomen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фами́лия
sense_list:
(historical) A personal epithet or clan name added to the given name and family name of Ancient Romans.


lexentry: eng/cohabit__Verb__1
written_rep: cohabit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сожи́тельствовать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To live together with someone else, especially in a romantic and sexual relationship but without being married.


lexentry: eng/cohabitation__Noun__1
written_rep: cohabitation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сожи́тельство
sense_list:
An emotional and physical intimate relationship which includes a common living place and which exists without legal or religious sanction.


lexentry: eng/cohere__Verb__1
written_rep: cohere
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: каменеть
sense_list:
(intransitive, figurative) To be consistent as part of a group, or by common purpose. | (transitive, figurative) To be consistent as part of a group, or by common purpose.


lexentry: eng/coherence__Noun__1
written_rep: coherence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: когерентность
sense_list:
A logical arrangement of parts, as in writing. | (physics, of waves) The property of having the same wavelength and phase. | (linguistics, translation studies) A semantic relationship between different parts of the same text.


lexentry: eng/coho__Noun__1
written_rep: coho
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ки́жуч
sense_list:
An anadromus and semelparous salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, found in the coastal regions of the northern Pacific Ocean, used as a symbol by several Native American tribes.


lexentry: eng/cohort__Noun__1
written_rep: cohort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кого́рта | когорта
sense_list:
(statistics) A demographic grouping of people, especially those in a defined age group, or having a common characteristic. | (historical, Ancient Rome, military) Any division of a Roman legion, normally of about 500 or 600 men (equalling about six centuries).


lexentry: eng/cohort_study__Noun__1
written_rep: cohort study
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кого́ртное иссле́дование
sense_list:
A type of research project in which participants sharing a common feature (the cohort) are studied over a long period of time.


lexentry: eng/coif__Noun__1
written_rep: coif
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: чепе́ц | ша́почка
sense_list:
(historical) A hood; a close-fitting cap covering much of the head, widespread until the 18th century; after that worn only by small children and country women.


lexentry: eng/coilgun__Noun__1
written_rep: coilgun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пу́шка Гаусса
sense_list:
Any of various devices that use electromagnets to accelerate a magnetic projectile via non contact means


lexentry: eng/coin__Noun__1
written_rep: coin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моне́та | монета
sense_list:
(money) A piece of currency, usually metallic and in the shape of a disc, but sometimes polygonal, or with a hole in the middle.


lexentry: eng/coincident__Adjective__1
written_rep: coincident
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: совпада́ющий
sense_list:
Of two or more objects: being in the same location. | Of two or more events: occurring at the same time; contemporaneous.


lexentry: eng/coir__Noun__1
written_rep: coir
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: койр
sense_list:
The fibre obtained from the husk of a coconut, used chiefly in making rope, matting and as a peat substitute.


lexentry: eng/coke__Noun__1
written_rep: coke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кокс
sense_list:
(uncountable) Solid residue from roasting coal in a coke oven; used principally as a fuel and in the production of steel and formerly as a domestic fuel.


lexentry: eng/colander__Noun__1
written_rep: colander
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дуршла́г | дуршлаг
sense_list:
A bowl-shaped kitchen utensil with holes in it used for draining food that has been cooking in water, such as pasta.


lexentry: eng/colchicine__Noun__1
written_rep: colchicine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колхици́н
sense_list:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A highly toxic alkaloid, chemical formula C22H25NO6, originally extracted from plants of the genus Colchicum and formerly used to treat rheumatic complaints, now used mainly in the treatment of gout.


lexentry: eng/cold__Noun__1
written_rep: cold
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: просту́да | простуда
sense_list:
(countable, pathology) A common, usually harmless, usually viral illness, usually with congestion of the nasal passages and sometimes fever.


lexentry: eng/cold_cream__Noun__1
written_rep: cold cream
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[косметический|космети́ческое]] [[молочко́]]
sense_list:
(pharmacy) An emulsion of water and certain fats, usually including beeswax and various scent agents, designed to smooth skin and remove makeup.


lexentry: eng/cold_fusion__Noun__1
written_rep: cold fusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: холо́дный си́нтез | холо́дный термоя́дерный си́нтез
sense_list:
A hypothetical form of nuclear fusion not requiring the usual immensely high temperatures; nuclear fusion at or near room temperature.


lexentry: eng/cold_hands,_warm_heart__Proverb__1
written_rep: cold hands, warm heart
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: холодные руки, горячее се́рдце
sense_list:
Having cold hands is an indication of warmheartedness; used as a rejoinder if one finds that another's hands are cold.


lexentry: eng/cold_meat__Noun__1
written_rep: cold meat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: нарезка
sense_list:
Any cold cooked meat such as luncheon meat or lunch meat, spam, chopped pork, corned beef, and so on.


lexentry: eng/cold_sore__Noun__1
written_rep: cold sore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[ге́рпес]] губ | просто́й ге́рпес
sense_list:
(pathology) A small bump (namely a vesicle) on the lips resulting from infection by herpes simplex viruses (mostly HHV1 but also HHV2).


lexentry: eng/cold_sweat__Noun__1
written_rep: cold sweat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: холо́дный пот
sense_list:
Perspiration which feels chilly to the person perspiring, and which indicates debilitating illness, shock, or the experiencing of an intense emotion such as despair, anxiety, or, especially, fear.


lexentry: eng/cold_turkey__Adverb__1
written_rep: cold turkey
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: внеза́пно | ре́зко
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Not gradually; all at once. Refers especially to quitting a habit by force of will rather than by a gradual reduction.


lexentry: eng/cold_war__Noun__1
written_rep: cold war
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: холо́дная война́
sense_list:
A period of hostile relations between rivals where direct open warfare between them is largely undesired and avoided; especially, either the Cold War or Cold War II. [from 1945]


lexentry: eng/colegislate__Verb__1
written_rep: colegislate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: созаконода́тельный
sense_list:
(uncommon) To necessarily bring about a statute together with another legislative body or legislature, to be a colegislator.


lexentry: eng/coleslaw__Noun__1
written_rep: coleslaw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: капу́стный сала́т | сала́т из капу́сты
sense_list:
A salad of finely shredded raw cabbage and sometimes shredded carrots, dressed with mayonnaise (white slaw) or a vinaigrette (red slaw).


lexentry: eng/coleus__Noun__1
written_rep: coleus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́леус
sense_list:
Any of certain plants in the mint family, many used as ornamentals for their colorful, variegated leaves, sometime included in genus Plectranthus (spurflowers), sometimes in their own genus Coleus,


lexentry: eng/colewort__Noun__1
written_rep: colewort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: капуста
sense_list:
A plant of the genus Brassica; now specifically, a Brassica plant without a head used for food, such as kale.


lexentry: eng/coli__Noun__1
written_rep: coli
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кише́чная па́лочка
sense_list:
(often, attributive, bacteriology) Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative bacterium commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms.


lexentry: eng/colic__Noun__1
written_rep: colic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колика | резь | ко́лика
sense_list:
(pathology) Severe pains that grip the abdomen or the disease that causes such pains (due to intestinal or bowel-related problems).


lexentry: eng/collage__Noun__1
written_rep: collage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колла́ж
sense_list:
A picture made by sticking other pictures onto a surface. | A composite object or collection (abstract or concrete) created by the assemblage of various media; especially for a work of art such as text, film, etc. | (uncountable) The technique of producing a work of art of this kind.


lexentry: eng/collagen__Noun__1
written_rep: collagen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллаге́н
sense_list:
(biochemistry) Any of more than 28 types of glycoprotein that form elongated fibers, usually found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue.


lexentry: eng/collar__Noun__1
written_rep: collar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: воротни́к | во́рот
sense_list:
The part of an upper garment (shirt, jacket, etc.) that fits around the neck and throat, especially if sewn from a separate piece of fabric.


lexentry: eng/collar__Noun__1
written_rep: collar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: оше́йник
sense_list:
A band or chain around an animal's neck, used to restrain and/or identify it. | (rail transport) A physical lockout device to prevent operation of a mechanical signal lever.


lexentry: eng/collard_greens__Noun__1
written_rep: collard greens
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: листова́я капу́ста
sense_list:
A form of Brassica oleracea, sometimes called Brassica oleracea var. acephala or Brassica oleracea var. viridis, similar to kale, that is a popular food in the rural southern United States.


lexentry: eng/collared_flycatcher__Noun__1
written_rep: collared flycatcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: берёзовка | мухоло́вка-белоше́йка
sense_list:
Ficedula albicollis, an Old World flycatcher breeding in eastern Europe and across Central Asia, overwintering in Africa


lexentry: eng/collateral__Noun__1
written_rep: collateral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зало́г | поручи́тельство
sense_list:
(finance) A security or guarantee (usually an asset) pledged for the repayment of a loan if one cannot procure enough funds to repay.


lexentry: eng/collateral__Noun__1
written_rep: collateral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: да́льний ро́дственник | да́льняя ро́дственница
sense_list:
(marketing) Printed materials or content of electronic media used to enhance sales of products (short form of collateral material).


lexentry: eng/collateral_damage__Noun__1
written_rep: collateral damage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[сопу́тствующий]] [[уще́рб]] | [[сопутствующий|сопу́тствующая]] [[поте́ря]]
sense_list:
(military, euphemistic) Damage to civilian property or civilian casualties that is the unintended result of military operations.


lexentry: eng/collect__Noun__1
written_rep: collect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллекта | краткая моли́тва
sense_list:
(Christianity) The prayer said before the reading of the epistle lesson, especially one found in a prayerbook, as with the Book of Common Prayer.


lexentry: eng/collect__Verb__1
written_rep: collect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: коллекциони́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To accumulate (a number of similar or related objects), particularly for a hobby or recreation.


lexentry: eng/collectible__Adjective__1
written_rep: collectible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллекционерский
sense_list:
Worthy or suitable for collecting on historical/financial grounds, or for meeting a personal aesthetic.


lexentry: eng/collecting__Noun__1
written_rep: collecting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллекционирование
sense_list:
A hobby including seeking, locating, acquiring, organizing, cataloging, displaying, storing, and maintaining whatever items are of interest to the individual collector.


lexentry: eng/collection__Noun__1
written_rep: collection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: колле́кция | сбо́рник | собра́ние
sense_list:
(set theory, topology, analysis) A set of sets; used because such a thing is in general too large to comply with the formal definition of a set.


lexentry: eng/collection__Noun__1
written_rep: collection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: сбор
sense_list:
A gathering of money for charitable or other purposes, as by passing a contribution box for donations.


lexentry: eng/collection_plate__Noun__1
written_rep: collection plate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: поднос
sense_list:
A plate or other container passed among the worshipers attending a Christian church service, into which donations of money are placed.


lexentry: eng/collective__Adjective__1
written_rep: collective
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: собира́тельный
sense_list:
Tending to collect; forming a collection. | (grammar) Expressing a collection or aggregate of individuals, by a singular form.


lexentry: eng/collective__Noun__1
written_rep: collective
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: колхо́з
sense_list:
(especially, in communist countries) One of more farms managed and owned, through the state, by the community.


lexentry: eng/collective_agreement__Noun__1
written_rep: collective agreement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллекти́вный до́гово́р
sense_list:
A contract specifying terms and conditions of employment between one or more labor unions and employers' organizations legally binding for employers organized in these and the employees if they are unionized in them or their employment contract incorporates them by referral.


lexentry: eng/collective_noun__Noun__1
written_rep: collective noun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: собира́тельное существи́тельное
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun which, though singular, refers to a group of things or animals. Examples: a school of fish, a pride of lions.


lexentry: eng/collective_numeral__Noun__1
written_rep: collective numeral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: собира́тельное числи́тельное
sense_list:
(grammar) A numeral that signifies that several persons or things are taken definitely and unitedly together, in the sense of—both, all three, all four, etc.


lexentry: eng/collective_unconscious__Noun__1
written_rep: collective unconscious
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллекти́вное бессозна́тельное
sense_list:
(psychology) The common experiences, thoughts and opinions of a large group of people taken as a whole.


lexentry: eng/collectively__Adverb__1
written_rep: collectively
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вме́сте | коллекти́вно | совме́стно
sense_list:
In a collective manner; viewed together as a whole; to be treated as a single unit, rather than the items that make up the collection separately.


lexentry: eng/collectivism__Noun__1
written_rep: collectivism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллективи́зм | коллективизм
sense_list:
An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are owned and controlled by the people collectively


lexentry: eng/collector's_edition__Noun__1
written_rep: collector's edition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллекционное изда́ние
sense_list:
A release of a product that has additional features or items in it than the regular retail version. In the case of a DVD, this could be behind the scene comments; or a music CD could contain the song text in a special booklet.


lexentry: eng/college__Noun__1
written_rep: college
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ПТУ | ко́лледж
sense_list:
(UK) An institution for adult education at a basic or intermediate level (teaching those of any age).


lexentry: eng/college__Noun__1
written_rep: college
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: институ́т
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK) A non-specialized, semi-autonomous division of a university, with its own faculty, departments, library, etc.


lexentry: eng/collegial__Adjective__1
written_rep: collegial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллегиальный
sense_list:
Of, relating to, or ruled by colleagues. | Possessing adherence to the ethos, standards and conduct that govern behavior among colleagues within a given organization or profession.


lexentry: eng/collet__Noun__1
written_rep: collet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цанга
sense_list:
A band, flange, ferrule, or collar, designed to grip and hold a tool or a workpiece under proper control, and usually to release it under control thereafter; such a collet usually is made of a hard, springy material, especially a metal.


lexentry: eng/collider__Noun__1
written_rep: collider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колла́йдер
sense_list:
(physics) Any of several forms of particle accelerator in which two opposing beams of particles collide.


lexentry: eng/colligate__Verb__1
written_rep: colligate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: объединя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To formally link or connect together logically; to bring together by colligation; to sum up in a single proposition.


lexentry: eng/collinearity__Noun__1
written_rep: collinearity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллинеа́рность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The condition of being collinear. | (countable, genetics) The relationship between the linear sequence of codons in DNA and that of amino acids in the protein so coded


lexentry: eng/collocate__Verb__1
written_rep: collocate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сочета́ться
sense_list:
(linguistics, translation studies) (said of certain words) To be often used together, form a collocation; for example strong collocates with tea.


lexentry: eng/collocation__Noun__1
written_rep: collocation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: словосочета́ние
sense_list:
(linguistics, translation studies) A sequence of words or terms that co-occur more often than would be expected by chance (i.e., the statistically significant placement of particular words in a language), often representing an established name for, or idiomatic way of conveying, a particular semantic concept.


lexentry: eng/collodion__Noun__1
written_rep: collodion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коллодий
sense_list:
A syrupy solution of nitrocellulose (pyroxylin) in alcohol and ether that evaporates on a surface to form a clear elastic film; used in surgical dressings, photographic plates and lacquer paints.


lexentry: eng/colloid__Noun__1
written_rep: colloid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колло́ид
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) A stable system of two phases, one of which is dispersed in the other in the form of very small droplets or particles.


lexentry: eng/colloquium__Noun__1
written_rep: colloquium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: колло́квиум
sense_list:
An academic meeting or seminar usually led by a different lecturer and on a different topic at each meeting.


lexentry: eng/colocynth__Noun__1
written_rep: colocynth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колокви́нт | колоци́нт
sense_list:
A viny plant, Citrullus colocynthis, native to the Mediterranean Basin and Asia. It produces a lemon-sized, yellowish, green-mottled, spongy, and extremely bitter fruit. | The powdered pulp of this fruit, a powerful hepatic stimulant and hydragogue cathartic used as a strong laxative.


lexentry: eng/cologne__Noun__1
written_rep: cologne
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: одеколо́н | парфю́м
sense_list:
Any of a family of fresh, citrus-based fragrances distilled using extracts from citrus, floral, and woody ingredients, said to have been developed in the early 18th century in Cologne, Germany.


lexentry: eng/colon__Noun__2
written_rep: colon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ободо́чная кишка́ | то́лстая кишка́
sense_list:
(anatomy) Part of the large intestine; the final segment of the digestive system, after (distal to) the ileum and before (proximal to) the rectum. (Because the colon is the largest part of the large intestine (constituting most of it), it is often treated as synonymous therewith in broad or casual usage.)


lexentry: eng/colonel__Noun__1
written_rep: colonel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полко́вник | полковник
sense_list:
A commissioned officer in an armed military organization, typically the highest rank before flag officer ranks (generals). It is generally found in armies, air forces or naval infantry (marines).


lexentry: eng/colonel_general__Noun__1
written_rep: colonel general
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: генера́л-полко́вник
sense_list:
(military rank) A general officer's rank in some nations' militaries, corresponding to the rank of either a lieutenant general or full general in the United States rank system.


lexentry: eng/colonial__Adjective__1
written_rep: colonial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: колониа́льный
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to a period when a country or territory was a colony. | (US) Of or relating to the style of architecture prevalent at about the time of the Revolution.


lexentry: eng/colonialism__Noun__1
written_rep: colonialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колониали́зм | колониализм
sense_list:
The policy of a country seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of economic dominance.


lexentry: eng/colonize__Verb__1
written_rep: colonize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колонизи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To settle (a place) with colonists, and hence make (a place) into a colony. | (transitive) To settle (a group of people, a species, or the like) in a place as a colony. | (intransitive) To begin a colony or colonies.


lexentry: eng/colony__Noun__1
written_rep: colony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: коло́ния | поселе́ние
sense_list:
A potential new chapter of a fraternity or sorority awaiting official recognition from their headquarters.


lexentry: eng/colophon__Noun__1
written_rep: colophon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колофо́н | концо́вка
sense_list:
(printing, publishing) In manuscripts (typically before the invention of printing), the note, usually at the end, left by the scribe who copied it, giving information on their exemplar, where and when the copy was made, and sometimes, their own name. | (printing) A printer's or publisher's identifying inscription or logo appearing at the front or end of a book, or the same appearing on the spine or dust jacket.


lexentry: eng/color__Noun__1
written_rep: color
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: насы́щенность
sense_list:
These hues as used in color television or films, color photographs, etc (as opposed to the shades of grey used in black-and-white television).


lexentry: eng/color__Noun__1
written_rep: color
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: цвет | фини́фть
sense_list:
(heraldry) Any of the standard dark tinctures used in a coat of arms, including azure, gules, sable, and vert.


lexentry: eng/color__Noun__1
written_rep: color
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 12
trans_list: цвет | колори́т
sense_list:
(finance, uncountable) A third-order measure of derivative price sensitivity, expressed as the rate of change of gamma with respect to time, or equivalently the rate of change of charm with respect to changes in the underlying asset price.


lexentry: eng/color__Verb__1
written_rep: color
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: раскра́сить | раскра́шивать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To apply colors to the areas within the boundaries of a line drawing using colored markers or crayons.


lexentry: eng/color_blind__Adjective__1
written_rep: color blind
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дальто́ник
sense_list:
(of a, person or animal) Unable to distinguish between two or more primary colors (usually red and green).


lexentry: eng/color_blindness__Noun__1
written_rep: color blindness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дальтони́зм | цветовая слепота
sense_list:
(medicine, ophthalmology) Any of several medical conditions in which the physical ability to see colors is impaired, especially achromatopsia, Daltonism.


lexentry: eng/colored__Adjective__1
written_rep: colored
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: цветно́й
sense_list:
Having a particular color or kind of color. | (US, now, dated, and, usually, offensive) Of skin color other than white; in particular, black. | (South Africa, Namibia, sometimes, capitalized) Belonging to a multiracial ethnic group or category, having ancestry from more than one of the racial groups of Southern Africa (black, white, and Asian). (Under apartheid, used as a metadescription for mixed-race people and peoples such as the Cape Coloureds.)


lexentry: eng/colored__Noun__1
written_rep: colored
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: цветна́я | цветно́й
sense_list:
(South Africa) A person having ancestry from more than one of the racial groups of Southern Africa (black, white, and Asian); a colored person.


lexentry: eng/coloring_book__Noun__1
written_rep: coloring book
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кни́жка-раскра́ска | раскра́ска
sense_list:
A book containing line art for readers (usually children) to add color using crayons, colored pencils, markers, paint, or other artistic media.


lexentry: eng/colorism__Noun__1
written_rep: colorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колори́зм
sense_list:
(American spelling) Prejudice or bias against persons on the basis of their skin color or complexion, often among persons of the same racial identification.


lexentry: eng/colorize__Verb__1
written_rep: colorize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: раскрашивать
sense_list:
(photography, filmology) To convert black and white media to color by digital post production (as is often done in digital photography and in video special effects).


lexentry: eng/colossus__Noun__1
written_rep: colossus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коло́сс | колосс
sense_list:
A statue of gigantic size. The name was especially applied to certain famous statues in antiquity, as the Colossus of Nero in Rome and the Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.


lexentry: eng/colostrum__Noun__1
written_rep: colostrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моло́зиво | молозиво
sense_list:
(medicine) A form of milk produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and the few days after giving birth. Human and bovine colostrum is thick and yellowish. In humans, it has high concentrations of nutrients and antibodies, but it is small in quantity.


lexentry: eng/colour_revolution__Noun__1
written_rep: colour revolution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: цветная революция
sense_list:
(politics) Any of various related revolutionary movements that developed in several societies in the former Soviet Union and the Balkans during the early 2000s, mostly using nonviolent resistance.


lexentry: eng/colt__Noun__1
written_rep: colt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: линёк
sense_list:
(nautical, historical) A short piece of rope once used by petty officers as an instrument of punishment.


lexentry: eng/coltan__Noun__1
written_rep: coltan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: колта́н | колу́мбо-тантали́т | колумби́т-тантали́т
sense_list:
(mineralogy) A metallic ore, (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6, from which the elements niobium and tantalum are extracted.


lexentry: eng/coltsfoot__Noun__1
written_rep: coltsfoot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: мать-и-ма́чеха | подбе́л
sense_list:
An herbaceous plant, species Tussilago farfara, that grows in Europe and the Middle East; yellow coltsfoot.


lexentry: eng/columbarium__Noun__1
written_rep: columbarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голубя́тня
sense_list:
(historical) A large, sometimes architecturally impressive building for housing a large colony of pigeons or doves, particularly those of ancien regime France.


lexentry: eng/columbarium__Noun__1
written_rep: columbarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: колумба́рий
sense_list:
A building, a vault or a similar place for the respectful and usually public storage of cinerary urns containing cremated remains.


lexentry: eng/column__Noun__1
written_rep: column
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коло́нна | столб
sense_list:
(architecture) A solid upright structure designed usually to support a larger structure above it, such as a roof or horizontal beam, but sometimes for decoration.


lexentry: eng/column__Noun__1
written_rep: column
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: коло́нна | графа́ | коло́нка | разде́л | столбе́ц
sense_list:
A unit of width, especially of advertisements, in a periodical, equivalent to the width of a usual column of text.


lexentry: eng/column__Noun__1
written_rep: column
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: коло́нка | разде́л | ру́брика
sense_list:
(by extension) A recurring feature in a periodical, especially an opinion piece, especially by a single author or small rotating group of authors, or on a single theme.


lexentry: eng/column__Noun__1
written_rep: column
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: коло́нка | разде́л | столб
sense_list:
Something having similar vertical form or structure to the things mentioned above, such as a spinal column.


lexentry: eng/column__Noun__1
written_rep: column
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: колонна
sense_list:
(chemistry) An object used to separate the different components of a liquid or to purify chemical compounds.


lexentry: eng/colza__Noun__1
written_rep: colza
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рапс
sense_list:
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus), cultivated for its seeds, which yield an oil, valued for illuminating and lubricating purposes.


lexentry: eng/comb__Noun__1
written_rep: comb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: расчёска
sense_list:
The toothed plate at the top and bottom of an escalator that prevents objects getting trapped between the moving stairs and fixed landings.


lexentry: eng/combination_pliers__Noun__1
written_rep: combination pliers
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пассатижи
sense_list:
(US, UK) A type of pliers used by linemen, electricians, and other tradesmen primarily for gripping, twisting, bending and cutting wire, cable and small metalwork components.


lexentry: eng/combinatorics__Noun__1
written_rep: combinatorics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комбинато́рика
sense_list:
(mathematics) a branch of mathematics that studies (usually finite) collections of objects that satisfy specified criteria


lexentry: eng/combining_form__Noun__1
written_rep: combining form
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сложное слово
sense_list:
(grammar) A type of word part; a bound morpheme; used in combination with a word, a different combining form, or an affix to form a new word.


lexentry: eng/combo_box__Noun__1
written_rep: combo box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́ле со спи́ском
sense_list:
(graphical user interface) A widget that is a combination of a dropdown list or list box and a single-line textbox, allowing the user either to type a value directly into the control or choose from the list of existing options.


lexentry: eng/combustion_chamber__Noun__1
written_rep: combustion chamber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́мера сгора́ния
sense_list:
An enclosed space, within a heat engine, in which the fuel is mixed and reacted with air or other oxidizing agent in a controlled manner.


lexentry: eng/come_again__Interjection__1
written_rep: come again
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: как-как?
sense_list:
(idiomatic, informal, by ellipsis) A polite formula used when one has not heard or understood what has been said, or to indicate surprise.


lexentry: eng/come_around__Verb__1
written_rep: come around
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: переду́мать
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To change one's mind, especially to begin to agree or appreciate what one was reluctant to accept at first.


lexentry: eng/come_back__Verb__1
written_rep: come back
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: верну́ться | возврати́ться | возвраща́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To return to a former state, usually a desirable one; to become fashionable once more.


lexentry: eng/come_from__Verb__1
written_rep: come from
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: понимать
sense_list:
(transitive, slightly, informal) To derive one's opinion or argument from; to take as a conceptual starting point.


lexentry: eng/come_into_one's_own__Verb__1
written_rep: come into one's own
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: взросле́ть | заматере́ть | матере́ть | повзросле́ть | реализова́ться | состоя́ться
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To reach a stage of development or maturity where one has achieved strength and confidence, economic security, or respect and social acceptance.


lexentry: eng/come_out_of_the_closet__Verb__1
written_rep: come out of the closet
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[вы́йти]] из [[подполье|подпо́лья]] | [[выходи́ть]] из [[подполье|подпо́лья]]
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To tell others about one's homosexuality, bisexuality, transness, or any minority or disapproved-of identity, belief, preference, etc., where previously this had been kept secret.


lexentry: eng/come_to_one's_senses__Verb__1
written_rep: come to one's senses
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: одуматься
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To become reasonable, comprehending, or responsible, especially after having behaved in an unreasonable, uncomprehending, or irresponsible manner.


lexentry: eng/come_up_with__Verb__1
written_rep: come up with
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: придумывать | приходить в голову
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To manage to produce, deliver, or present (something) by inventing, creating, thinking of, or obtaining it.


lexentry: eng/comeback__Noun__1
written_rep: comeback
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: возвраще́ние | камбэ́к
sense_list:
A return (e.g. to popularity, success, etc.) after an extended period of obscurity or underperformance.


lexentry: eng/comedy__Noun__1
written_rep: comedy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коме́дия | комедия
sense_list:
(countable, historical) a choric song of celebration or revel, especially in Ancient Greece | (countable) a light, amusing play with a happy ending | (countable, Medieval Europe) a narrative poem with an agreeable ending (e.g., The Divine Comedy) | (countable, drama) a dramatic work that is light and humorous or satirical in tone


lexentry: eng/comely__Adjective__1
written_rep: comely
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пригожий
sense_list:
Of a person: attractive or pleasing to look at; beautiful, handsome; also, attractive but not particularly beautiful or handsome.


lexentry: eng/comer__Noun__1
written_rep: comer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[подавать|подаю́щий]] [[надежда|наде́жды]]
sense_list:
One in a race who is catching up to others and shows promise of winning. | (figuratively) One who is catching up in some contest and has a likelihood of victory.


lexentry: eng/comfort_woman__Noun__1
written_rep: comfort woman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: же́нщина для комфо́рта
sense_list:
(idiomatic, historical, euphemistic) A woman forced, or supposedly recruited, into brothels by the Japanese occupation forces before or during World War II.


lexentry: eng/comfort_zone__Noun__1
written_rep: comfort zone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зона комфорта
sense_list:
The range of temperature, humidity, and other environmental factors that people or other organisms require in order to be physiologically unstressed. | (idiomatic, by extension) The range of circumstances in which a person feels relaxed or able to cope.


lexentry: eng/comfortable__Adjective__1
written_rep: comfortable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комфорта́бельный | удо́бный | ую́тный
sense_list:
Providing physical comfort and ease; agreeable. [from 18th c.] | In a state of comfort and content. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/comfrey__Noun__1
written_rep: comfrey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: костоло́мка | око́пник
sense_list:
Any of several species of perennial herbs of the genus Symphytum, often specifically Symphytum officinale.


lexentry: eng/comic__Adjective__1
written_rep: comic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: коми́ческий | коми́чный | смешно́й
sense_list:
Using the techniques of comedy, as a composition, performer etc; amusing, entertaining. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/comic__Noun__1
written_rep: comic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ко́микс
sense_list:
A story composed of drawn images arranged in a sequence, usually with textual captions; a graphic novel.


lexentry: eng/comic_book__Noun__1
written_rep: comic book
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́микс
sense_list:
(comics) A book or magazine that uses sequences of drawings to narrate a story or a series of stories, primarily in a serialized form, usually fiction.


lexentry: eng/comic_relief__Noun__1
written_rep: comic relief
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шуточный сброс
sense_list:
(narratology) The inclusion of a humorous character or scene or witty dialogue in an otherwise serious work, often to relieve tension.


lexentry: eng/comic_strip__Noun__1
written_rep: comic strip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́микс
sense_list:
(comics) A series of drawings, in sequence, often but not necessarily depicting something funny or satirical in nature.


lexentry: eng/comitative__Adjective__1
written_rep: comitative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комитати́вный
sense_list:
(grammar) Of, or relating to the grammatical case that is used in some languages to indicate accompaniment.


lexentry: eng/comitative_case__Noun__1
written_rep: comitative case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комитати́в
sense_list:
(grammatical case) Noun case used to denote companionship. In English, this is usually expressed by the prepositional phrase in company with, together with or with, as in "with the house." Languages that use the comitative case include Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, Inari Sami, Northern Sami, Skolt Sami, and Quechua. It is also found in many Australian Aboriginal languages, where it is commonly used to form names of places and languages.


lexentry: eng/comitology__Noun__1
written_rep: comitology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комиссоло́гия | комитоло́гия
sense_list:
(European Union) The system of committees, composed of representatives of the member states, used to oversee European Commission implementing acts made under European Union legislation.


lexentry: eng/comma__Noun__1
written_rep: comma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: запята́я | запятая
sense_list:
(typography) The punctuation mark ⟨,⟩ used to indicate a set of parts of a sentence or between elements of a list.


lexentry: eng/command__Noun__1
written_rep: command
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: управле́ние
sense_list:
The right or authority to order, control or dispose of; the right to be obeyed or to compel obedience.


lexentry: eng/command__Noun__1
written_rep: command
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: кома́нда | кома́ндование
sense_list:
The act of commanding; exercise or authority of influence. | (military) A body or troops, or any naval or military force, under the control of a particular officer; by extension, any object or body in someone's charge.


lexentry: eng/command__Noun__1
written_rep: command
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: кома́нда | команда
sense_list:
(computing) A directive to a computer program acting as an interpreter of some kind, in order to perform a specific task.


lexentry: eng/command_line__Noun__1
written_rep: command line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кома́ндная строка́
sense_list:
The text prompt presented to the user in a command line interface. | A line of text that is entered at such a prompt.


lexentry: eng/commando__Noun__1
written_rep: commando
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: команда
sense_list:
A small fighting force specially trained for making quick destructive raids against enemy-held areas.


lexentry: eng/commensal__Adjective__1
written_rep: commensal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сотрапеаник
sense_list:
(ecology) Of a form of symbiosis in which one organism derives a benefit while the other is unaffected.


lexentry: eng/commensalism__Noun__1
written_rep: commensalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комменсализм
sense_list:
(ecology) A sharing of the same environment by two organisms where one species benefits and the other is unaffected. An example is barnacles on whales.


lexentry: eng/comment__Noun__1
written_rep: comment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: коммента́рий | комментарий
sense_list:
(programming) A remark embedded in source code in such a way that it will be ignored by the compiler or interpreter, typically to help people to understand the code.


lexentry: eng/comment__Verb__1
written_rep: comment
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комменти́ровать | прокомменти́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To remark. | (intransitive, with "on", or, "about") To make remarks or notes; to express a view regarding.


lexentry: eng/commentary__Noun__1
written_rep: commentary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аннота́ция | коммента́рий
sense_list:
A series of comments or annotations; especially, a book of explanations or expositions on the whole or a part of some other work.


lexentry: eng/commentator__Noun__1
written_rep: commentator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коммента́тор
sense_list:
(media) A person who comments; especially someone who is paid to give his/her opinions in the media about current affairs, sports, etc.


lexentry: eng/commerce__Noun__1
written_rep: commerce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: торго́вля | комме́рция | сноше́ние
sense_list:
(business) The exchange or buying and selling of commodities; especially the exchange of merchandise, on a large scale, between different places or communities; extended trade or traffic.


lexentry: eng/commerce__Noun__1
written_rep: commerce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сноше́ние
sense_list:
(obsolete) Sexual intercourse. | (card games) An 18th-century French card game in which the cards are subject to exchange, barter, or trade.


lexentry: eng/commercialize__Verb__1
written_rep: commercialize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: коммерциализировать
sense_list:
(transitive) to apply business methodology to something in order to profit (such as introducing salability to a resource that comes from, or rightfully belongs to, the commons).


lexentry: eng/commie__Noun__1
written_rep: commie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коммуня́ка | комуня́ка
sense_list:
(pejorative, slang) A communist; a person with communist sympathies; a supposed communist infiltrator.


lexentry: eng/commie_block__Noun__1
written_rep: commie block
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: панелька
sense_list:
(pejorative) A large apartment complex, especially in former Eastern Bloc countries of Eastern Europe, characterized by concrete and rectangular cuboids, similar to a plattenbau.


lexentry: eng/comminution__Noun__1
written_rep: comminution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: измельче́ние
sense_list:
(often, mining, waste management) The breaking or grinding up of a material to form smaller particles.


lexentry: eng/commissariat__Noun__1
written_rep: commissariat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: комиссариа́т
sense_list:
(historical) A department of the government of the Soviet Union in the early period of its existence.


lexentry: eng/commissioned_officer__Noun__1
written_rep: commissioned officer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: офицер
sense_list:
(military) An officer who derives authority directly from a sovereign power and, as such, holds a commission charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position.


lexentry: eng/commissioning__Noun__1
written_rep: commissioning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ввод в [[де́йствие]] | ввод в эксплуата́цию | пуск
sense_list:
The process of assuring that all systems and components of a major piece of equipment, a process, a building or similar are designed, installed and tested according to the operational requirements of the owner or final client.


lexentry: eng/commit__Noun__1
written_rep: commit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фикса́ция
sense_list:
(computing, databases) The act of committing (e.g. a database transaction), making it a permanent change; such a change.


lexentry: eng/commit__Verb__1
written_rep: commit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(transitive) To give in trust; to put into charge or keeping; to entrust; to consign; used with to or formerly unto.

trans_list:
вверя́ть | заключа́ть под стра́жу | обя́зываться | свя́зывать себя́ обяза́тельством | соверша́ть | соверши́ть


lexentry: eng/commit__Verb__1
written_rep: commit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: обя́зываться | свя́зывать себя́ обяза́тельством
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To pledge or bind; to compromise, expose, or endanger by some decisive act or preliminary step. (Traditionally used only reflexively but now also without oneself etc.)


lexentry: eng/commit_suicide__Verb__1
written_rep: commit suicide
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: To kill oneself; to take one's own life. (This entry is a translation hub.)
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
наложи́ть на себя́ ру́ки | поко́нчить с собо́й | свести́ счёты с жи́знью | [[поко́нчить]] жизнь [[самоубийство|самоуби́йством]] | вы́пилиться | роскомнадзо́рнуться


lexentry: eng/commitment__Noun__1
written_rep: commitment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обяза́тельство | приве́рженность
sense_list:
Being bound emotionally or intellectually to a course of action or to another person or persons. | State of being pledged or engaged.


lexentry: eng/committed__Adjective__1
written_rep: committed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: верный
sense_list:
Obligated or locked in (often, but not necessarily, by a pledge) to some course of action. | Associated in an exclusive (but not necessarily permanent) sexual relationship.


lexentry: eng/committee__Noun__1
written_rep: committee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комите́т | коми́ссия | комитет
sense_list:
A body of one or more persons convened for the accomplishment of some specific purpose, typically with formal protocols.


lexentry: eng/commodious__Adjective__1
written_rep: commodious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: годный
sense_list:
(now, rare) Of life or living, endowed with conveniences; comfortable; free from hardship. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/commodity_fetishism__Noun__1
written_rep: commodity fetishism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: това́рный фетиши́зм
sense_list:
(Marxism) The perception of the social relationships involved in production as economic relationships among the money and commodities exchanged in market trade, instead of as relationships among people.


lexentry: eng/common-law_marriage__Noun__1
written_rep: common-law marriage
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: A marriage based on the duration of cohabitation rather than formal ceremony.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
гражда́нский брак | незарегистри́рованный брак | неформа́льный брак | сожи́тельство | факти́ческий брак


lexentry: eng/common_European_adder__Noun__1
written_rep: common European adder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обыкнове́нная гадю́ка
sense_list:
A venomous snake of species Vipera berus, in the family Viperidae, that can be found throughout much of Europe, and as far as East Asia


lexentry: eng/common_barley__Noun__1
written_rep: common barley
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ячмень
sense_list:
A plant of the species Hordeum vulgare, which yields the commercially important cereal grain barley.


lexentry: eng/common_bean__Noun__1
written_rep: common bean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: фасо́ль
sense_list:
An herbaceous annual plant (Phaseolus vulgaris), grown for its edible bean. | A bean of such a plant, varying in size, shape and especially color.


lexentry: eng/common_blue__Noun__1
written_rep: common blue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: голубя́нка ика́р
sense_list:
A small blue butterfly. of species Polyommatus icarus, family Lycaenidae, of temperate Asia and Europe.


lexentry: eng/common_clothes_moth__Noun__1
written_rep: common clothes moth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моль
sense_list:
Tineola bisselliella, a winged insect of Tineidae family, the caterpillar of which is a serious pest which destroys woollen materials.


lexentry: eng/common_cold__Noun__1
written_rep: common cold
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ОРВИ | на́сморк | просту́да
sense_list:
(pathology) A very common, mild viral infection of the nose and throat, whose symptoms include sneezing, sniffling, a running or blocked nose, a sore throat, coughing and a headache.


lexentry: eng/common_gender__Noun__1
written_rep: common gender
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́бщий род
sense_list:
(linguistics) A grammatical gender in some languages, formed by the historical merging of masculine and feminine genders.


lexentry: eng/common_house_martin__Noun__1
written_rep: common house martin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вороно́к | городска́я ла́сточка
sense_list:
A migratory bird of the species Delichon urbicum, breeding in Europe, North Africa and temperate Asia.


lexentry: eng/common_kingsnake__Noun__1
written_rep: common kingsnake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обыкнове́нная короле́вская змея́
sense_list:
Lampropeltis getula, a harmless colubrid kingsnake endemic to much of warm temperate northern Mexico and the United States.


lexentry: eng/common_knowledge__Noun__1
written_rep: common knowledge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: всем известный факт
sense_list:
That which is known by most people, and thus cannot reasonably be contested. | (logic, game theory) A special kind of knowledge for a group of agents, such that when all the agents in a group G know p, they all know that they know p, they all know that they all know that they know p, and so on ad infinitum.


lexentry: eng/common_land__Noun__1
written_rep: common land
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: альменда
sense_list:
(British, Irish) an area of land in the United Kingdom or Ireland that is open to the public at all times and until the 18th century would have been land that was free for anybody to graze their animals on (often shortened to common).


lexentry: eng/common_law__Noun__1
written_rep: common law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: о́бщее пра́во
sense_list:
(legal, Scots law, Roman-Dutch law) Law of general application throughout a country, province, or state as opposed to law having only a special or local application


lexentry: eng/common_name__Noun__1
written_rep: common name
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ímja naricátel’noje
sense_list:
(taxonomy) The name by which an organism or group of organisms is known to the general public, rather than its taxonomic or scientific name.


lexentry: eng/common_pheasant__Noun__1
written_rep: common pheasant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кавка́зский фаза́н | обыкнове́нный фаза́н
sense_list:
A bird of the species Phasianus colchicus, native principally to temperate parts of Asia, naturalized elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/common_sandpiper__Noun__1
written_rep: common sandpiper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перевозчик
sense_list:
A small species of wading bird, Actitis hypoleucos, widely distributed across Africa, Eurasia, and Australasia.


lexentry: eng/common_sense__Noun__1
written_rep: common sense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: здра́вый смысл | у́м-ра́зум
sense_list:
Ordinary sensible understanding; one's basic intelligence which allows for plain understanding and without which good decisions or judgments cannot be made.


lexentry: eng/common_sorrel__Noun__1
written_rep: common sorrel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: щавель кислый
sense_list:
Rumex acetosa, a taxonomic species within the family Polygonaceae, garden sorrel, native in much of Europe.


lexentry: eng/common_swift__Noun__1
written_rep: common swift
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: чёрный стриж
sense_list:
Apus apus, a swallow-like bird native to Europe and much of temperate Asia, rarely alighting on the ground.


lexentry: eng/common_yarrow__Noun__1
written_rep: common yarrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тысячелистник обыкновенный
sense_list:
Achillea millefolium, a flowering plant widespread in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, formerly and sometimes used to stanch the flow of blood.


lexentry: eng/commonality__Noun__1
written_rep: commonality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: совмести́мость | унифицированность
sense_list:
(telecommunication) A quality that applies to materiel or systems: (a) possessing like and interchangeable parts or characteristics enabling each to be utilized, or operated and maintained in common; (b) having interchangeable repair parts and/or components; (c) applying to consumable items interchangeably equivalent without adjustment.


lexentry: eng/commons__Noun__2
written_rep: commons
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: альменда
sense_list:
(usually singular in construction) A common#Noun (common land); especially, a central section of (usually an older) town, designated as a shared area. | (figuratively) The mutual good of all; the abstract concept of resources shared by more than one, for example air, water, information.


lexentry: eng/commune__Noun__1
written_rep: commune
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: общи́на
sense_list:
A small community, often rural, whose members share in the ownership of property, and in the division of labour; the members of such a community.


lexentry: eng/communicate__Verb__1
written_rep: communicate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: переда́ть | передава́ть | причасти́ться | причаща́ться | сообща́ть | сообщи́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To impart or transmit (information or knowledge) to someone; to make known, to tell. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/communicate__Verb__1
written_rep: communicate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: обща́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To express or convey ideas, either through verbal or nonverbal means; to have intercourse, to exchange information. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/communicate__Verb__1
written_rep: communicate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: причасти́ться | причаща́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, Christianity) To receive the bread and wine at a celebration of the Eucharist; to take part in Holy Communion. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/communication__Noun__1
written_rep: communication
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сообще́ние | коммуникация
sense_list:
A message; the essential data transferred in an act of communication. | The body of all data transferred to one or both parties during an act of communication.


lexentry: eng/communication_studies__Noun__1
written_rep: communication studies
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коммуникацио́нные иссле́дования
sense_list:
An academic field that deals with processes of communication, commonly defined as the sharing of symbols over distances in space and time.


lexentry: eng/communism__Noun__1
written_rep: communism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коммуни́зм | коммунизм
sense_list:
Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution. | The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist.


lexentry: eng/communist__Noun__1
written_rep: communist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коммуни́ст | коммуни́стка | коммунист
sense_list:
(communism) An advocate of a society based on the common ownership of property; a proponent of communism.


lexentry: eng/communitarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: communitarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коммунитаризм
sense_list:
(ethics) The group of doctrines that oppose excessive individualism in favour of a more community-based approach [from 1980s]


lexentry: eng/community__Noun__1
written_rep: community
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соо́бщество | комму́на | комью́нити | о́бщество | о́бщность | общи́на
sense_list:
(countable) A group sharing common characteristics, such as the same language, law, religion, or tradition.


lexentry: eng/community__Noun__1
written_rep: community
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: соо́бщество | коло́ния | комму́на | комью́нити | о́бщество | о́бщность
sense_list:
(countable, ecology) A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other.


lexentry: eng/commutative__Adjective__1
written_rep: commutative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коммутативный | перестановочный
sense_list:
(mathematics, of a binary operation) Such that the order in which the operands are taken does not affect their image under the operation.


lexentry: eng/commutative_algebra__Noun__1
written_rep: commutative algebra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коммутати́вная а́лгебра
sense_list:
(mathematics) The branch of algebra concerned with commutative rings and objects related to them (such as ideals and modules). | (algebra) Any algebra (mathematical structure) in which the multiplication operation is commutative.


lexentry: eng/commute__Verb__1
written_rep: commute
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: смягчать наказание
sense_list:
To exchange substantially; to abate but not abolish completely, a penalty, obligation, or payment in return for a great, single thing or an aggregate; to cash in; to lessen


lexentry: eng/commute__Verb__1
written_rep: commute
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: коммутировать
sense_list:
(intransitive, mathematics) Of an operation, to be commutative, i.e. to have the property that changing the order of the operands does not change the result.


lexentry: eng/commute__Verb__2
written_rep: commute
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: е́здить
sense_list:
(intransitive, US, UK, Canada) To regularly travel from one's home to one's workplace or school, or vice versa.


lexentry: eng/commuter_rail__Noun__1
written_rep: commuter rail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: городская электричка
sense_list:
(rail transport) A rail transport system with trains used to transport commuters between two places, typically their homes and works, normally within a metropolitan area and its surrounding environs, and generally distinguished from other rail transport systems (i.e. subways, metros, tramways) by having less frequent service, lacking free transfers between trains and using heavy rolling stock running on a mainline railway


lexentry: eng/comorbidity__Noun__1
written_rep: comorbidity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коморбидность
sense_list:
(medicine, uncountable) The presence of one or more disorders (or diseases) in addition to a primary disease or disorder.


lexentry: eng/comp__Verb__1
written_rep: comp
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: добавлять
sense_list:
(transitive) To provide (someone) with a complimentary item, such as a ticket; to provide (someone) with something for free.


lexentry: eng/compact_star__Noun__1
written_rep: compact star
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компактная звезда | компактный объект
sense_list:
(star) A type of celestial body that collectively refers to white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes and exotic stars.


lexentry: eng/company__Noun__1
written_rep: company
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ро́та | со́тня
sense_list:
(military) A unit of approximately sixty to one hundred and twenty soldiers, typically consisting of two or three platoons and forming part of a battalion.


lexentry: eng/company__Noun__1
written_rep: company
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: компа́ния | корпора́ция | о́бщество | предприя́тие | това́рищество | фи́рма
sense_list:
(legal) An entity having legal personality, and thus able to own property and to sue and be sued in its own name; a corporation.


lexentry: eng/comparative__Noun__1
written_rep: comparative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компарати́в | сравни́тельная сте́пень
sense_list:
(grammar) A construction showing a relative quality, in English usually formed by adding more or appending -er. For example, the comparative of green is greener; of evil, more evil.


lexentry: eng/comparative_advantage__Noun__1
written_rep: comparative advantage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сравни́тельное преиму́щество
sense_list:
(economics) The ability to produce a particular good at a lower relative opportunity cost than another producer.


lexentry: eng/comparative_case__Noun__1
written_rep: comparative case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сравни́тельный паде́ж
sense_list:
(grammar) A case used to mark a likeness to something, or that two things have the same quantity of something. It corresponds roughly to the English adverb "like". Languages that use the comparative case include Mari, Nivkh, and Chechen.


lexentry: eng/comparative_linguistics__Noun__1
written_rep: comparative linguistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сравни́тельная лингви́стика
sense_list:
(linguistics) A branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages in order to establish their historical relatedness.


lexentry: eng/comparative_literature__Noun__1
written_rep: comparative literature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сравни́тельное литературове́дение
sense_list:
The academic field dealing with the study of literature and cultural expression across linguistic, cultural and national boundaries.


lexentry: eng/comparative_method__Noun__1
written_rep: comparative method
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сравнительно-исторический метод | сравнительный метод
sense_list:
(linguistics) A technique for studying the development of languages by performing a feature-by-feature comparison of two or more languages with a common ancestor.


lexentry: eng/compare__Verb__1
written_rep: compare
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сра́внивать | сравни́ть | сравнить
sense_list:
(transitive) To assess the similarities and differences between two or more things ["to compare X with Y"]. Having made the comparison of X with Y, one might have found it similar to Y or different from Y.


lexentry: eng/comparison__Noun__1
written_rep: comparison
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сравне́ние | сравнение
sense_list:
An evaluation of the similarities and differences of one or more things relative to some other or each other.


lexentry: eng/comparison__Noun__1
written_rep: comparison
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: [[степень|сте́пени]] [[сравнение|сравне́ния]]
sense_list:
(grammar) A feature in the morphology or syntax of some languages whereby adjectives and adverbs are inflected to indicate the relative degree of the property they define exhibited by the word or phrase they modify or describe.


lexentry: eng/compass__Noun__1
written_rep: compass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: буссо́ль | ко́мпас | компа́с | компас
sense_list:
A magnetic or electronic device used to determine the cardinal directions (usually magnetic or true north).


lexentry: eng/compass_point__Noun__1
written_rep: compass point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сторона́ све́та | страна́ све́та
sense_list:
Any of the horizontal directions indicated on a compass. There may be 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, or even 128 compass points on a compass, depending on its size and accuracy.


lexentry: eng/compass_rose__Noun__1
written_rep: compass rose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ро́за ветро́в
sense_list:
(navigation) A graduated circle, usually marked in degrees, indicating directions and printed or inscribed on an appropriate medium, often a map.


lexentry: eng/compassionate__Verb__1
written_rep: compassionate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сострада́ть | сочу́вствовать
sense_list:
(transitive, archaic) To feel compassion (for someone or with regard to something); to regard (someone or something) with compassion.


lexentry: eng/compassionate_leave__Noun__1
written_rep: compassionate leave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: о́тпуск по семе́йным обстоя́тельствам
sense_list:
A period of absence from work taken by an employee due to a personal matter, either illness or death.


lexentry: eng/compatibility__Noun__1
written_rep: compatibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: совмести́мость | совместимость
sense_list:
(telecommunication) the capability of two or more items or components of equipment or material to exist or function in the same system or environment without mutual interference.


lexentry: eng/compellation__Noun__1
written_rep: compellation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: имя
sense_list:
(archaic, rare) A name or title by which someone is addressed or identified; an appellation, a designation.


lexentry: eng/compensate__Verb__1
written_rep: compensate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: возмести́ть | возмеща́ть | компенси́ровать | сбалансировать | скомпенси́ровать | уравновешивать
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To make up for; to do something in place of something else; to correct, satisfy; to reach an agreement such that the scales are literally or (metaphorically) balanced; to equalize or make even.


lexentry: eng/compensation__Noun__1
written_rep: compensation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ура́внивание
sense_list:
(finance) The extinction of debts of which two persons are reciprocally debtors by the credits of which they are reciprocally creditors; the payment of a debt by a credit of equal amount.


lexentry: eng/compensatory_lengthening__Noun__1
written_rep: compensatory lengthening
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: замести́тельное удлине́ние | компенса́торное удлине́ние
sense_list:
(phonology, uncountable) The lengthening of a vowel sound which occurs when a following consonant is lost, regarded as an extreme form of fusion; (countable) an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/compete__Verb__1
written_rep: compete
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конкури́ровать | сопе́рничать | соревнова́ться | состяза́ться
sense_list:
To be in battle or in a rivalry with another for the same thing, position, or reward; to contend | To take part in a contest, game or similar event


lexentry: eng/competence__Noun__1
written_rep: competence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: спосо́бность | компете́нтность | компете́нция | правомо́чие | уме́ние
sense_list:
(countable) The quality or state of being able or suitable for a particular task; the quality or state of being competent for a particular task or skill.


lexentry: eng/compilate__Verb__1
written_rep: compilate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компилировать
sense_list:
(rare) To put together; to assemble; to make by gathering things from various sources. | (rare, computing) To use a compiler to process source code and produce executable code.


lexentry: eng/compilation__Noun__1
written_rep: compilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: собра́ние
sense_list:
(countable) That which is compiled; especially, a book or document composed of materials gathering from other books or documents.


lexentry: eng/complaint__Noun__1
written_rep: complaint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: жа́лоба | нарека́ние | недово́льство
sense_list:
(legal) In a civil action, the first pleading of the plaintiff setting out the facts on which the claim is based;The purpose is to give notice to the adversary of the nature and basis of the claim asserted.


lexentry: eng/complaint__Noun__1
written_rep: complaint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: иск
sense_list:
(legal) In criminal law, the preliminary charge or accusation made by one person against another to the appropriate court or officer, usually a magistrate.However, court proceedings, such as a trial, cannot be instituted until an indictment or information has been handed down against the defendant.


lexentry: eng/complement__Noun__1
written_rep: complement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[дополне́ние]] до [[прямой|прямо́го]] [[угол|угла́]]
sense_list:
(astronomy, geometry) An angle which, together with a given angle, makes a right angle. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/complement__Noun__1
written_rep: complement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: доба́вка | дополне́ние
sense_list:
Something which completes, something which combines with something else to make up a complete whole; loosely, something perceived to be a harmonious or desirable partner or addition. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/complement__Noun__1
written_rep: complement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: дополне́ние
sense_list:
(grammar, linguistics) A word or group of words that completes a grammatical construction in the predicate and that describes or is identified with the subject or object. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/complement__Noun__1
written_rep: complement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: [[дополни́тельный]] цвет
sense_list:
(optics) The color which, when mixed with the given color, gives black (for mixing pigments) or white (for mixing light). [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/complement__Noun__1
written_rep: complement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: [[ра́зность]] [[множество|мно́жеств]] | дополне́ние
sense_list:
(set theory) Given two sets, the set containing one set's elements that are not members of the other set (whether a relative complement or an absolute complement). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/complement__Noun__1
written_rep: complement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: комплеме́нт
sense_list:
(immunology) One of several blood proteins that work with antibodies during an immune response. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/complement__Noun__1
written_rep: complement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 16
trans_list: [[после́довательность]] [[комплементарный|комплемента́рных]] [[основание|основа́ний]]
sense_list:
(genetics) A nucleotide sequence in which each base is replaced by the complementary base of the given sequence: adenine (A) by thymine (T) or uracil (U), cytosine (C) by guanine (G), and vice versa.


lexentry: eng/complementary_colour__Noun__1
written_rep: complementary colour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дополнительный цвет
sense_list:
(British spelling, colour science) Either of two colours which, when mixed, produce a white or grey. | (arts) A colour which is regarded as the opposite of another, so that the two colours together form a pleasing contrast.


lexentry: eng/complementary_distribution__Noun__1
written_rep: complementary distribution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дополни́тельная дистрибу́ция | дополни́тельное распределе́ние
sense_list:
(phonetics) The distribution of phones in their respective phonetic environments such that one never appears in the same phonetic context as the other.


lexentry: eng/complex__Adjective__1
written_rep: complex
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ко́мплексный
sense_list:
(mathematics, of a number) Having the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers and i is (by definition) the imaginary square root of −1. | (mathematics, analysis, of a function) Whose range is a subset of the complex numbers. | (mathematics, algebra) Whose coefficients are complex numbers; defined over the field of complex numbers.


lexentry: eng/complex__Noun__1
written_rep: complex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ко́мплекс | комплекс
sense_list:
A collection of buildings with a common purpose, such as a university or military base. | An assemblage of related things; a collection. | (informal, by extension) A vehement, often excessive psychological dislike or fear of a particular thing. | (chemistry) A structure consisting of a central atom or molecule weakly connected to surrounding atoms or molecules, as for example coordination complexes in inorganic chemistry and protein complexes in biochemistry.


lexentry: eng/complex_number__Noun__1
written_rep: complex number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́мплексное число́ | компле́ксное число́
sense_list:
(complex analysis) A number of the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers and i denotes the imaginary unit


lexentry: eng/complex_sentence__Noun__1
written_rep: complex sentence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сло́жное предложе́ние | сложноподчинённое предложе́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A sentence that contains an independent clause as well as one or more dependent clauses, such as a relative clause, an adverbial clause, or a noun clause.


lexentry: eng/complexity__Noun__1
written_rep: complexity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сло́жность | сложность
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement. | (countable) That which is and renders complex; intricacy; complication.


lexentry: eng/compliance__Noun__1
written_rep: compliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: компла́енс
sense_list:
(uncountable, business) The department of a business that ensures all government regulations are complied with.


lexentry: eng/complication__Noun__1
written_rep: complication
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: осложне́ние
sense_list:
(medicine) A disease or diseases, or adventitious circumstances or conditions, coexistent with and modifying a primary disease, but not necessarily connected with it.


lexentry: eng/complicity__Noun__1
written_rep: complicity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соуча́стие
sense_list:
The state of being complicit; involvement as a partner or accomplice, especially in a crime or other wrongdoing.


lexentry: eng/component__Noun__1
written_rep: component
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компоне́нт | составна́я часть
sense_list:
A smaller, self-contained part of a larger entity. Often refers to a manufactured object that is part of a larger device.


lexentry: eng/compose__Verb__1
written_rep: compose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: написа́ть | писа́ть | сочини́ть | сочиня́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To construct by mental labor; to think up; particularly, to produce or create a literary or musical work.


lexentry: eng/composite__Adjective__1
written_rep: composite
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: сложноцве́тный
sense_list:
(botany) Belonging to the Asteraceae family (formerly known as Compositae), bearing involucrate heads of many small florets.


lexentry: eng/compound__Noun__2
written_rep: compound
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: соедине́ние | соединение
sense_list:
(chemistry) A substance formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements in definite proportions by weight.


lexentry: eng/compound_interest__Noun__1
written_rep: compound interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сло́жные проце́нты
sense_list:
(banking, finance) Interest, as on a loan or a bank account, that is calculated on the total on the principal plus accumulated unpaid interest.


lexentry: eng/compound_sentence__Noun__1
written_rep: compound sentence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сложносочинённое предложе́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A sentence that has two or more independent clauses, joined by a conjunction (such as 'but', 'and') and/or punctuation (such as ',').


lexentry: eng/comprador_bourgeoisie__Noun__1
written_rep: comprador bourgeoisie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компрадо́рская буржуази́я
sense_list:
(Marxism) A section of an indigenous middle class allied with foreign investors, multinational corporations, bankers, and military interests.


lexentry: eng/comprehensive_school__Noun__1
written_rep: comprehensive school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: единая школа
sense_list:
(British) a normal secondary school, accepting pupils of all abilities; replaced the secondary modern schools and grammar schools


lexentry: eng/compress__Noun__1
written_rep: compress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компре́сс
sense_list:
(medicine) A multiply folded piece of cloth, a pouch of ice, etc., used to apply to a patient's skin, cover the dressing of wounds, and placed with the aid of a bandage to apply pressure on an injury.


lexentry: eng/compress__Verb__1
written_rep: compress
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сжать | сжима́ть | сда́вливать | сдави́ть | сжа́ться | сжима́ться
sense_list:
(transitive) To make smaller; to press or squeeze together, or to make something occupy a smaller space or volume.


lexentry: eng/compressed_air__Noun__1
written_rep: compressed air
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сжа́тый во́здух
sense_list:
Air which has been reduced in volume and increased in pressure for use in industrial processes or for cleaning.


lexentry: eng/compression__Noun__1
written_rep: compression
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сжа́тие
sense_list:
An increase in density; the act of compressing, or the state of being compressed; compaction. | (automotive) The cycle of an internal combustion engine during which the fuel and air mixture is compressed. | (computing) The process by which data is compressed.


lexentry: eng/comprise__Verb__1
written_rep: comprise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: включа́ть | содержа́ть
sense_list:
(patent law) To include, contain, or be made up of, defining the minimum elements, whether essential or inessential to define an invention.


lexentry: eng/compromise__Verb__1
written_rep: compromise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: скомпромети́ровать
sense_list:
To pledge by some act or declaration; to endanger the life, reputation, etc., of, by some act which can not be recalled; to expose to suspicion.


lexentry: eng/compulsion__Noun__1
written_rep: compulsion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ([[иррациональный|иррациона́льное]]) [[жела́ние]] | ([[необъясни́мый]]) [[позы́в]] | поры́в
sense_list:
An irrational need or irresistible urge to perform some action, often despite negative consequences.


lexentry: eng/compulsion__Noun__1
written_rep: compulsion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: принужде́ние
sense_list:
The use of authority, influence, or other power to force (compel) a person or persons to act. | The lawful use of violence (i.e. by the administration).


lexentry: eng/compulsory_acquisition__Noun__1
written_rep: compulsory acquisition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: экспроприация
sense_list:
(legal, Australia, New Zealand) The power of a state to expropriate private land within its jurisdiction for public use.


lexentry: eng/compulsory_education__Noun__1
written_rep: compulsory education
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обяза́тельное образова́ние
sense_list:
(legal, education) A period of time in a child's life during which the child must receive schooling as required by law.


lexentry: eng/compulsory_purchase__Noun__1
written_rep: compulsory purchase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: экспроприация
sense_list:
(legal, UK, Ireland) The power of a state to expropriate private land within its jurisdiction for public use.


lexentry: eng/computational_linguistics__Noun__1
written_rep: computational linguistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вычислительная лингви́стика | компьютерная лингви́стика
sense_list:
(linguistics, computer science) An interdisciplinary field dealing with the statistical and/or rule-based modeling of natural language from a computational perspective. This modeling is not limited to any particular field of linguistics.


lexentry: eng/computed_tomography__Noun__1
written_rep: computed tomography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компью́терная томогра́фия
sense_list:
A form of radiography which uses computer software to create images, or slices, at various planes of depth from images taken around a body or volume of interest. Sometimes called “computerized tomography”.


lexentry: eng/computer__Noun__1
written_rep: computer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вычисли́тель | вычисли́тельница | расчётчик | расчётчица | счётчик | счётчица
sense_list:
(now, rare, chiefly, historical) A person employed to perform computations; one who computes. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/computer__Noun__1
written_rep: computer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: компью́тер | ЭВМ | компьютер
sense_list:
A programmable electronic device that performs mathematical calculations and logical operations, especially one that can process, store and retrieve large amounts of data very quickly; now especially, a small one for personal or home use employed for manipulating text or graphics, accessing the Internet, or playing games or media. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/computer_chip__Noun__1
written_rep: computer chip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компью́терный чип
sense_list:
(electronics) An integrated circuit, typically installed in a personal computer or other electronic devices.


lexentry: eng/computer_game__Noun__1
written_rep: computer game
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компью́терная игра́
sense_list:
An electronic game, especially a game played using a general-purpose computer (as opposed to a game console).


lexentry: eng/computer_literacy__Noun__1
written_rep: computer literacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компью́терная гра́мотность
sense_list:
(computing) The ability to operate a personal computer, including its associated hardware and software (but not necessarily to understand the underlying electronics or a programming language). [from late 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/computer_says_no__Phrase__1
written_rep: computer says no
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компьютер говорит нет
sense_list:
(humorous) Alluding to an attitude in customer service in which the default response is to check with information stored or generated electronically and then make decisions based on that, apparently without using common sense and without any desire to help the customer.


lexentry: eng/computer_science__Noun__1
written_rep: computer science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: информа́тика
sense_list:
The study of computers and their architecture, languages, and applications, in all aspects, as well as the mathematical structures that relate to computers and computation.


lexentry: eng/computer_virus__Noun__1
written_rep: computer virus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: компьютерный вирус
sense_list:
(computing) A program which can covertly transmit itself between computers via networks (especially the Internet) or removable storage such as disks and USB drives, often causing damage to systems and data.


lexentry: eng/comrade__Noun__1
written_rep: comrade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: това́рищ | товарищ
sense_list:
(communism) A non-hierarchical title, functionally similar to "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Miss", "Ms." etc, in a communist, socialist, or Islamist state.


lexentry: eng/con__Noun__3
written_rep: con
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жу́льничество | моше́нничество | надува́тельство | плутовство́ | разводка
sense_list:
(informal) A fraud; something carried out with the intention of deceiving, usually for personal, often illegal, gain.


lexentry: eng/concatenation__Noun__1
written_rep: concatenation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конкатена́ция | сцепле́ние | цепь
sense_list:
(countable) A series of links united; a series or order of things depending on each other, as if linked together; a chain, a succession.


lexentry: eng/concede__Verb__1
written_rep: concede
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: призна́ть | признава́ть
sense_list:
To grant, as a right or privilege; to make concession of. | To admit or agree to be true; to acknowledge; to grant.


lexentry: eng/conceited__Adjective__1
written_rep: conceited
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: самодово́льный | тщесла́вный
sense_list:
Having an excessively favourable opinion of one's abilities, appearance, etc.; egotistical and vain.


lexentry: eng/concentrate__Verb__1
written_rep: concentrate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: концентри́ровать | сконцентри́ровать | сосредото́чивать | сосредото́чить
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To bring to, or direct toward, a common center; to unite more closely; to gather into one body, mass, or force. | To approach or meet in a common center; to consolidate.


lexentry: eng/concentrate__Verb__1
written_rep: concentrate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: концентри́ровать | сконцентри́ровать
sense_list:
To increase the strength and diminish the bulk of, as of a liquid or an ore; to intensify, by getting rid of useless material; to condense.


lexentry: eng/concentration__Noun__1
written_rep: concentration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: концентра́ция | концентрация
sense_list:
The act, process or ability of concentrating; the process of becoming concentrated, or the state of being concentrated. | (physical chemistry) The amount of solute in a solution measured in suitable units (e.g., parts per million (ppm)) | The proportion of a substance in a whole.


lexentry: eng/concentration__Noun__1
written_rep: concentration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: обогаще́ние | сгуще́ние
sense_list:
The act or process of removing the dress of ore and of reducing the valuable part to smaller compass, as by currents of air or water.


lexentry: eng/concentration_camp__Noun__1
written_rep: concentration camp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: концентрацио́нный ла́герь | концла́герь
sense_list:
A camp where large numbers of people, especially political prisoners, prisoners of war, refugees etc., are detained for the purpose of confining them in one place, typically with inadequate or inhumane facilities. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/concept__Noun__1
written_rep: concept
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конце́пция | поня́тие | представле́ние
sense_list:
Understanding retained in the mind, from experience, reasoning and imagination; a generalization (generic, basic form), or abstraction (mental impression), of a particular set of instances or occurrences (specific, though different, recorded manifestations of the concept).


lexentry: eng/conception__Noun__1
written_rep: conception
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: зача́тие | иде́я | конце́пция | поня́тие | представле́ние
sense_list:
The power or faculty of apprehending of forming an idea in the mind; the power of recalling a past sensation or perception; the ability to form mental abstractions.


lexentry: eng/conceptual_art__Noun__1
written_rep: conceptual art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: концептуа́льное иску́сство
sense_list:
A genre of art in which the transmission of ideas is more important than the creation of an art object


lexentry: eng/concern__Verb__1
written_rep: concern
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каса́ться | беспоко́ить | волнова́ть | занима́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To relate or belong to; to have reference to or connection with; to affect the interest of; to be of importance to.


lexentry: eng/concert__Noun__1
written_rep: concert
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: договорённость | согла́сие | соглаше́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) Agreement in a design or plan; union formed by mutual communication of opinions and views; accordance in a scheme; harmony; simultaneous action.


lexentry: eng/concertina__Noun__1
written_rep: concertina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: концертина
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument, like the various accordions, that is a member of the free-reed family of musical instruments, typically having buttons on both ends.


lexentry: eng/concession__Noun__1
written_rep: concession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: концессия
sense_list:
(Canadian) A concession road: a narrow road between tracts of farmland, especially in Ontario, from their origin during the granting of concessions (see above). | A right to use land or an offshore area for a specific purpose, such as oil exploration.


lexentry: eng/concession__Noun__1
written_rep: concession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: усту́пка
sense_list:
(rhetoric) An admission of the validity of an opponent's point in order to build an argument upon it or to move on to another of greater importance; an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/conchoid__Noun__1
written_rep: conchoid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конхо́ида
sense_list:
(mathematics, geometry) Any of a family of curves defined as the locus of points p, such that each p is on a line that passes through a given fixed point P and intersects a given curve, C, and the distance from p to the point of intersection with C is a specified constant (note that for nontrivial cases two such points p satisfy the criteria, and the resultant curve has two parts).


lexentry: eng/conciliation__Noun__1
written_rep: conciliation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: примире́ние
sense_list:
(legal) A form of alternative dispute resolution, similar to but less formal than mediation, in which the parties bring their dispute to a neutral third party, who helps lower tensions, improve communications and explore possible solutions.


lexentry: eng/conclave__Noun__1
written_rep: conclave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конклав
sense_list:
(Roman Catholic) The set of apartments in which the elector cardinals are secluded while a conclave takes place.


lexentry: eng/conclude__Verb__1
written_rep: conclude
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: заверша́ть | заверши́ть | зака́нчивать | зако́нчить
sense_list:
(intransitive) To end; to come to an end. | (obsolete) To include; to comprehend; to shut up together; to embrace; to confine.


lexentry: eng/conclusion__Noun__1
written_rep: conclusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: умозаключе́ние | вывод
sense_list:
(logic) In an argument or syllogism, the proposition that follows as a necessary consequence of the premises.


lexentry: eng/concordance__Noun__1
written_rep: concordance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: конкорда́нс | конкорда́нция | симфо́ния
sense_list:
(Bible) An alphabetical verbal index showing the places in the text of a book where each principal word may be found, with its immediate context in each place.


lexentry: eng/concordat__Noun__1
written_rep: concordat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конкорда́т
sense_list:
A formal agreement between two parties, especially between a church and a state; specifically, an agreement between the Pope and a government.


lexentry: eng/concourse__Noun__1
written_rep: concourse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[гла́вный]] [[вестибю́ль]] [[вокзал|вокза́ла]] | [[гла́вный]] зал [[вокзал|вокза́ла]] | конко́рс
sense_list:
A large open space in or in front of a building where people can gather, particularly one joining various paths, as in a rail station or airport terminal, or providing access to and linking the platforms in a railway terminus.


lexentry: eng/concrete__Adjective__1
written_rep: concrete
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: действи́тельный | реа́льный
sense_list:
Being or applying to actual things, rather than abstract qualities or categories. | (obsolete) Not liquid or fluid; solid.


lexentry: eng/concrete__Noun__1
written_rep: concrete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бето́н | бетон
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A building material created by mixing cement, water, and aggregate such as gravel and sand.


lexentry: eng/concrete_jungle__Noun__1
written_rep: concrete jungle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́менные джу́нгли
sense_list:
(idiomatic) An urban or other populated area containing a high density of buildings constructed of concrete or similar materials, especially one which lacks greenery and which seems unattractive, harsh, or unsafe.


lexentry: eng/concrete_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: concrete verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конкре́тный глаго́л | однонапра́вленный глаго́л
sense_list:
(Slavic grammar) A verbal aspect in verbs of motion that is unidirectional (as opposed to multidirectional), a definitely directed motion, or a single, completed action (instead of a repeated action or series of actions). Concrete verbs may be either imperfective or perfective.


lexentry: eng/concretization__Noun__1
written_rep: concretization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конкретиза́ция
sense_list:
(countable) Something specific which is the result of a process of concretizing a general principle or idea.


lexentry: eng/concretize__Verb__1
written_rep: concretize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конкретизи́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To make concrete, substantial, real, or tangible; to represent or embody a concept through a particular instance or example.


lexentry: eng/concur__Verb__1
written_rep: concur
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сходиться
sense_list:
To meet in the same point; to combine or conjoin; to contribute or help towards a common object or effect.


lexentry: eng/concurrency__Noun__1
written_rep: concurrency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: одновременность
sense_list:
The property or an instance of being concurrent; something that happens at the same time as something else. | (computer science, by extension) A property of systems where several processes execute at the same time.


lexentry: eng/concurrent__Adjective__1
written_rep: concurrent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: паралле́льный
sense_list:
(computing, of code) Designed to run independently, rather than sequentially, using various mechanisms, such as threads, event loops or time-slicing.


lexentry: eng/concussion__Noun__1
written_rep: concussion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: коммо́ция | сотрясе́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable, _, in, _, Commonwealth, countable, _) An injury to part of the body, most especially the brain, caused by a violent blow, followed by loss of function.


lexentry: eng/condemnation__Noun__1
written_rep: condemnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: осужде́ние | порица́ние | пригово́р
sense_list:
The act of judicially condemning, or adjudging guilty, unfit for use, or forfeited; the act of dooming to punishment or forfeiture.


lexentry: eng/condensation__Noun__1
written_rep: condensation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: конденса́ция
sense_list:
(chemistry) The reaction of two substances with the simultaneous loss of water or other small molecule.


lexentry: eng/condense__Verb__1
written_rep: condense
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сгусти́ть | сгуща́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To concentrate toward the essence by making more close, compact, or dense, thereby decreasing size or volume.


lexentry: eng/condenser__Noun__1
written_rep: condenser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: газоохлади́тель | конденса́тор | холоди́льник
sense_list:
A device designed to condense a gas into a liquid, either as part of a still, steam engine, refrigerator or similar machine.


lexentry: eng/condenser__Noun__1
written_rep: condenser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: конде́нсор | конденса́тор
sense_list:
(optics) A lens (or combination of lenses) designed to gather light and focus it onto a specimen or part of a mechanism.


lexentry: eng/condescension__Noun__1
written_rep: condescension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: благоволе́ние | ми́лость | снисходи́тельность | снисхожде́ние
sense_list:
The act of condescending; a manner of behaving in an outwardly polite way that nevertheless implies superiority to another; patronizing courtesy toward inferiors.


lexentry: eng/condition__Noun__1
written_rep: condition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: усло́вие
sense_list:
A requirement. | A logical clause or phrase that a conditional statement uses. The phrase can either be true or false. | (law) A clause in a contract or agreement indicating that a certain contingency may modify the principal obligation in some way.


lexentry: eng/conditional_probability__Noun__1
written_rep: conditional probability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: усло́вная вероя́тность
sense_list:
The probability that an event will take place given the restrictive assumption that another event has taken place, or that a combination of other events has taken place. (Mathematically, the definition would be that the conditional probability of B given A is equal to the joint probability of A and B divided by the probability of A.)


lexentry: eng/conditional_sentence__Noun__1
written_rep: conditional sentence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: усло́вие
sense_list:
(grammar) A sentence discussing factual implications or hypothetical situations and their consequences. A full conditional sentence contains two clauses: the condition or protasis, and the consequence or apodosis.


lexentry: eng/condole__Verb__1
written_rep: condole
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: горевать | сокрушаться
sense_list:
(transitive, India, chiefly, _, obsolete, _, in other dialects) To lament, grieve, bemoan (something).


lexentry: eng/condolence__Noun__1
written_rep: condolence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: соболе́знование | соболе́знования
sense_list:
(countable, usually, in the plural) An expression of comfort, support, or sympathy offered to the family and friends of somebody who has died.


lexentry: eng/condolences__Noun__2
written_rep: condolences
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соболе́знования
sense_list:
comfort, support, or sympathy offered especially to the family and friends of somebody who has died.


lexentry: eng/condom__Noun__1
written_rep: condom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гондо́н | кондо́м | презервати́в | резинка
sense_list:
A flexible sleeve made of latex or other impermeable material such as sheepskin, worn over an erect penis during sexual intercourse as a contraceptive or as a way to prevent the spread of STIs.


lexentry: eng/condominium__Noun__1
written_rep: condominium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кондоми́ниум
sense_list:
(US, Canada, Philippines) A building or complex of buildings that provides multiple residential units each of which is owned separately but whose grounds, structure, etc. (if any) are owned jointly. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/condone__Verb__1
written_rep: condone
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проща́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To forgive, excuse or overlook (something that is considered morally wrong, offensive, or generally disliked). | (transitive, legal) To forgive (marital infidelity or other marital offense).


lexentry: eng/condone__Verb__1
written_rep: condone
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: допуска́ть | разреша́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To allow, accept or permit (something that is considered morally wrong, offensive, or generally disliked).


lexentry: eng/condor__Noun__1
written_rep: condor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́ндор
sense_list:
Either of two New World vultures, Vultur gryphus of the Andes or Gymnogyps californianus, a nearly extinct vulture of the mountains of California. | (golf) The completion of a hole four strokes under par (a quadruple birdie, triple eagle, or double albatross).


lexentry: eng/condottiere__Noun__1
written_rep: condottiere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кондотьер
sense_list:
(historical) A mercenary military leader from 14th-century Italy and later in other parts of Europe.


lexentry: eng/conductance__Noun__1
written_rep: conductance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проводимость | электропроводность
sense_list:
(physics) A measure of the ability of a body to conduct electricity; the reciprocal of its resistance.


lexentry: eng/conductor__Noun__1
written_rep: conductor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: дирижёр
sense_list:
(musician) A person who conducts an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble; a professional whose occupation is conducting.


lexentry: eng/cone__Noun__1
written_rep: cone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[конический|кони́ческая]] [[пове́рхность]] | ко́нус | конус
sense_list:
(geometry) A surface of revolution formed by rotating a segment of a line around another line that intersects the first line.


lexentry: eng/cone__Noun__1
written_rep: cone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ко́нус | конус
sense_list:
(geometry) A solid of revolution formed by rotating a triangle around one of its altitudes. | Anything shaped like a cone.


lexentry: eng/cone_cell__Noun__1
written_rep: cone cell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́лбочка
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the photoreceptor cells in the retina that are responsible for colour vision in relatively bright light.


lexentry: eng/coneflower__Noun__1
written_rep: coneflower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: эхинацея
sense_list:
Any of several similar flowering plants of tribe Heliantheae in order Asterales, in genera Dracopis, Echinacea, Rudbeckia, and Ratibida, that have a cone-shaped disk of florets.


lexentry: eng/confection__Noun__1
written_rep: confection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конфета | конди́терские изде́лия | сладость | сласть
sense_list:
A food item prepared very sweet, frequently decorated in fine detail, and often preserved with sugar, such as a candy, sweetmeat, fruit preserve, pastry, or cake.


lexentry: eng/confectioner__Noun__1
written_rep: confectioner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кондитер
sense_list:
A manufacturer of or dealer in confections (sweets, candies, sweet pastries, and other sweet food items).


lexentry: eng/confectionery__Noun__1
written_rep: confectionery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конди́терские изде́лия | сла́дости
sense_list:
(uncountable) Foodstuffs that taste very sweet, taken as a group; candies, sweetmeats and confections collectively.


lexentry: eng/confectionery__Noun__1
written_rep: confectionery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конди́терская фа́брика
sense_list:
(uncountable) The business or occupation of manufacturing confectionery; the skill or work of a confectioner.


lexentry: eng/confederate__Noun__1
written_rep: confederate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: подставное лицо́
sense_list:
(psychology) An actor who participates in a psychological experiment pretending to be a subject but in actuality working for the researcher.


lexentry: eng/conference__Noun__1
written_rep: conference
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: конфере́нция | съезд
sense_list:
(business) An event organized by a for-profit or non-profit organization to discuss a pressing issue, such as a new product, market trend or government regulation, with a range of speakers. | (Philippines, sports) A constituent tournament of a sports league in a given season.


lexentry: eng/confess__Verb__1
written_rep: confess
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: созна́ться | пока́яться | призна́ть | призна́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, transitive) To admit to the truth, particularly in the context of sins or crimes committed.


lexentry: eng/confession__Noun__1
written_rep: confession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: и́споведь | исповедь
sense_list:
A formula in which the articles of faith are comprised; a creed to be assented to or signed, as a preliminary to admission to membership of a church; a confession of faith.


lexentry: eng/confessional__Noun__1
written_rep: confessional
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: исповеда́льня | исповедальня
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A small room where confession—the Sacrament of Penance—is performed in private with a priest.


lexentry: eng/confessor__Noun__1
written_rep: confessor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: испове́дник
sense_list:
One who confesses faith in Christianity in the face of persecution, but who is not martyred. | One who confesses to having done something wrong.


lexentry: eng/confetti__Noun__1
written_rep: confetti
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конфетти́
sense_list:
Small pieces or strips (streamers) of colored paper or other material (metal, plaster, etc) generally thrown about at festive occasions, especially at weddings and in victory celebrations.


lexentry: eng/confidence_interval__Noun__1
written_rep: confidence interval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: довери́тельный интерва́л
sense_list:
(statistics) A range defined such that there is a fixed probability that the value of the measured parameter will fall within the range.


lexentry: eng/confidential__Adjective__1
written_rep: confidential
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: довери́тельный | конфиденциа́льный | та́йный
sense_list:
Kept, or meant to be kept, secret within a certain circle of persons; not intended to be known publicly


lexentry: eng/confidential_informant__Noun__1
written_rep: confidential informant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: доносчик
sense_list:
(law, law enforcement, criminology) An individual who secretly provides information to the police about wrongdoing which they are aware of due to the individual's relationship to the wrongdoer.


lexentry: eng/configuration__Noun__1
written_rep: configuration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конфигура́ция
sense_list:
The form of a thing, as depending on the relative placement of the parts of a thing's shape. | (countable, physics, chemistry) The arrangement of electrons in an atom, molecule, or other physical structure like a crystal.


lexentry: eng/configure__Verb__1
written_rep: configure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конфигури́ровать | сконфигури́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To set up or arrange something in such a way that it is ready for operation for a particular purpose, or to someone's particular liking


lexentry: eng/confine__Verb__1
written_rep: confine
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ограни́чивать | ограни́чить
sense_list:
(transitive) To restrict (someone or something) to a particular scope or area; to keep in or within certain bounds. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/confirmation__Noun__1
written_rep: confirmation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подтвержде́ние
sense_list:
An official indicator that things will happen as planned. | A verification that something is true or has happened.


lexentry: eng/confirmation__Noun__1
written_rep: confirmation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: конфирма́ция | миропома́зание
sense_list:
A ceremony of sealing and conscious acknowledgement of the faith in many Christian churches, typically around the ages of 14 to 18; considered a sacrament in some churches, including Catholicism, but not in most Protestant churches.


lexentry: eng/confirmation_bias__Noun__1
written_rep: confirmation bias
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предвзятость подтверждения
sense_list:
(psychology) A cognitive bias towards confirmation of the hypothesis under study; a psychological tendency to look for and accept information which supports one's values and worldview and reject that which conflicts with it.


lexentry: eng/conflate__Verb__1
written_rep: conflate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: объединя́ть | путать | соединя́ть
sense_list:
(by extension) To fail to properly distinguish or keep separate (things); to mistakenly treat (them) as equivalent.


lexentry: eng/conflate__Verb__1
written_rep: conflate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: объединя́ть | соединя́ть
sense_list:
(by extension) To deliberately draw a false equivalence or association, typically in a tacit or implicit manner as propaganda and/or an intentional distortion or misrepresentation of the subject matter.


lexentry: eng/conflation__Noun__1
written_rep: conflation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: объединение | слияние | соединение
sense_list:
(countable) A blowing or fusing together, as of many instruments in a concert, or of many fires in a foundry. | (uncountable) A blend or fusion, especially a composite reading or text formed by combining the material of two or more texts into a single text.


lexentry: eng/conflict__Verb__1
written_rep: conflict
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конфликтова́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be at odds (with); to disagree or be incompatible | (intransitive) To overlap (with), as in a schedule.


lexentry: eng/conflict_of_interest__Noun__1
written_rep: conflict of interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конфли́кт интересов
sense_list:
(legal) A situation in which an individual or legal entity in a position of trust (such as an attorney, investment advisor, broker, politician, executive, director, scientist or physician) has competing professional or personal interests.


lexentry: eng/confluence__Noun__1
written_rep: confluence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: слия́ние
sense_list:
The place where two rivers, streams, or other continuously flowing bodies of water meet and become one, especially where a tributary joins a river.


lexentry: eng/conform__Verb__1
written_rep: conform
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: быть подобным | соотве́тствовать
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive, often followed by to) To change to more closely match typical characteristics or behavior.


lexentry: eng/conform__Verb__1
written_rep: conform
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: подчиняться | согласова́ться | сообразовывать | сообразовываться | соотве́тствовать
sense_list:
(intransitive, of things or procedures) To be as required or recommended by a specification, regulation, or policy.


lexentry: eng/conformation__Noun__1
written_rep: conformation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: конформация
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) The spatial arrangement of a group of atoms in a molecule as a result of rotation about a covalent bond which remains unbroken.


lexentry: eng/confront__Verb__1
written_rep: confront
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противостоя́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To stand or meet facing, especially in competition, hostility or defiance; to come face to face with


lexentry: eng/confrontational__Adjective__1
written_rep: confrontational
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: агрессивный
sense_list:
Pertaining to a confrontation; characterized by, or given to initiating hostile encounter; in-your-face.


lexentry: eng/confuse__Verb__1
written_rep: confuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: запу́тать | пу́тать
sense_list:
(transitive) to puzzle, perplex, baffle, bewilder (somebody); to afflict by being complicated, contradictory, or otherwise difficult to understand


lexentry: eng/confute__Verb__1
written_rep: confute
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: опроверга́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, now, _, rare) To show (something or someone) to be false or wrong; to disprove or refute.


lexentry: eng/congeal__Verb__1
written_rep: congeal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: замерза́ть | замёрзнуть | засты́ть | застыва́ть | затверде́ть | тверде́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To change from a liquid to solid state, perhaps due to cold; called to freeze in nontechnical usage.


lexentry: eng/congee__Noun__2
written_rep: congee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ри́совая ка́ша | ри́совый отва́р | ри́совый суп
sense_list:
(Asian, _, cuisine) A type of thick rice porridge or soup, sometimes prepared with vegetables and/or meat.


lexentry: eng/conger_eel__Noun__1
written_rep: conger eel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́нгер | морско́й у́горь
sense_list:
Any of various large marine eels of the family Congridae, having no scales and found in temperate and tropical coastal waters.


lexentry: eng/congest__Verb__1
written_rep: congest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: перепо́лнить | переполня́ть
sense_list:
To hinder or block the passage of something moving, for example a fluid, mixture, traffic, people, etc. (due to an excess of this or due to a partial or complete obstruction), resulting in overfilling or overcrowding.


lexentry: eng/congestion__Noun__1
written_rep: congestion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: затор
sense_list:
An excess of traffic; usually not a complete standstill of traffic, so usually not synonymous with traffic jam.


lexentry: eng/conglomerate__Noun__1
written_rep: conglomerate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конгломера́т
sense_list:
A cluster of heterogeneous things. | (business) A corporation formed by the combination of several smaller corporations whose activities are unrelated to the corporation's primary activity. | (geology) A rock consisting of gravel or pebbles embedded in a matrix.


lexentry: eng/congregate__Verb__1
written_rep: congregate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: собира́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To collect into an assembly or assemblage; to bring into one place, or into a united body.


lexentry: eng/congregation__Noun__1
written_rep: congregation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конгрега́ция | па́ства | скопле́ние | собра́ние | схо́дка
sense_list:
A gathering of faithful in a temple, church, synagogue, mosque or other place of worship. It can also refer to the people who are present at a devotional service in the building, particularly in contrast to the pastor, minister, imam, rabbi etc. and/or choir, who may be seated apart from the general congregation or lead the service (notably in responsory form).


lexentry: eng/congress__Noun__1
written_rep: congress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: конгре́сс | съезд
sense_list:
(often, capitalized) A legislative body of a state, originally the bicameral legislature of the United States of America.


lexentry: eng/congresswoman__Noun__1
written_rep: congresswoman
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: A female member of congress. | (US) A female member of the House of Representatives.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[же́нщина]] - член [[конгресс|конгре́сса]] | [[же́нщина]]-[[конгрессме́н]] | конгрессву́мен | конгрессме́нка | конгрессме́нша


lexentry: eng/conic_section__Noun__1
written_rep: conic section
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кони́ческое сече́ние
sense_list:
(geometry) Any of the four distinct shapes that are the intersections of a cone with a plane, namely the circle, ellipse, parabola and hyperbola.


lexentry: eng/conifer__Noun__1
written_rep: conifer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хво́йное де́рево
sense_list:
(botany) A plant belonging to the order Coniferales; a cone-bearing seed plant with vascular tissue, usually a tree.


lexentry: eng/conjecture__Noun__1
written_rep: conjecture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: предположе́ние
sense_list:
(mathematics, philology) A statement likely to be true based on available evidence, but which has not been formally proven.


lexentry: eng/conjecture__Verb__1
written_rep: conjecture
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гада́ть | предполага́ть
sense_list:
(formal, intransitive) To guess; to venture an unproven idea. | (transitive) To infer on slight evidence; to guess at.


lexentry: eng/conjugate__Verb__1
written_rep: conjugate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проспряга́ть | проспряга́ться | спряга́ть | спряга́ться
sense_list:
(grammar, transitive) To inflect (a verb) for each person, in order, for one or more tenses; to list or recite its principal parts.


lexentry: eng/conjugation__Noun__1
written_rep: conjugation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: спряже́ние | спряжение
sense_list:
(grammar) In some languages, one of several classifications of verbs according to what inflections they take. | (grammar) The product of that act: the conjugated forms of a verb, collected into a list or recitation.


lexentry: eng/conjunction__Noun__1
written_rep: conjunction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сою́з | союз
sense_list:
(grammar) A word used to join other words or phrases together into sentences. The specific conjunction used shows how the two joined parts are related.


lexentry: eng/conjunction__Noun__1
written_rep: conjunction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: конъю́нкция | союз
sense_list:
(astronomy) The alignment of two bodies in the solar system such that they have the same longitude when seen from Earth. | (logic) The proposition resulting from the combination of two or more propositions using the ∧ (\and) operator.


lexentry: eng/conjunctiva__Noun__1
written_rep: conjunctiva
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конъюнкти́ва | сли́зистая оболо́чка гла́за
sense_list:
(anatomy) A clear mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and the exposed surface of the eyeball or sclera.


lexentry: eng/conjuncture__Noun__1
written_rep: conjuncture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конъюнкту́ра | положе́ние дел | стече́ние обстоя́тельств
sense_list:
A combination of events or circumstances; a conjunction; a union. | A set of circumstances causing a crisis; a juncture.


lexentry: eng/conk__Noun__1
written_rep: conk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: трутовик
sense_list:
The shelf- or bracket-shaped fruiting body of a bracket fungus (also called a shelf fungus), i.e. a mushroom growing off a tree trunk.


lexentry: eng/conn__Verb__1
written_rep: conn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вести́ | управля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To direct a ship; to superintend the steering of (a vessel); to watch the course of (a vessel) and direct the helmsman how to steer (especially through a channel, etc, rather than steer a compass direction).


lexentry: eng/connect__Verb__1
written_rep: connect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подключа́ть | подключи́ть | подсоедини́ть | подсоединя́ть | свя́зывать | связа́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive, of an object) To join (to another object): to attach, or to be intended to attach or capable of attaching, to another object. | (transitive, of an object) To join (two other objects), or to join (one object) to (another object): to be a link between two objects, thereby attaching them to each other.


lexentry: eng/connect__Verb__1
written_rep: connect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: подключа́ть | подключи́ть | свя́зывать | связа́ть | соедини́ть | соединя́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive, of two objects) To join: to attach, or to be intended to attach or capable of attaching, to each other.


lexentry: eng/connected__Adjective__1
written_rep: connected
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: связный
sense_list:
(mathematics, topology, of a topological space) That cannot be partitioned into two nonempty open sets. | (mathematics, graph theory, of a graph) Having a path, either directed or undirected, connecting every pair of vertices.


lexentry: eng/connection__Noun__1
written_rep: connection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: связь
sense_list:
A feeling of understanding and ease of communication between two or more people. | A kinship relationship between people.


lexentry: eng/connection__Noun__1
written_rep: connection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: переса́дка
sense_list:
(transport) A transfer from one transportation vehicle to another in scheduled transportation service.


lexentry: eng/connective_tissue__Noun__1
written_rep: connective tissue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соедини́тельная ткань
sense_list:
(anatomy) A type of tissue found in animals whose main function is binding other tissue systems (such as muscle to skin) or organs and consists of the following three elements: cells, fibers and a ground substance (or extracellular matrix).


lexentry: eng/connectome__Noun__1
written_rep: connectome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коннекто́м
sense_list:
(biology, neuroscience) The complete mapping of the structural links in an organism's neural circuitry.


lexentry: eng/connector__Noun__1
written_rep: connector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конне́ктор | соеди́нитель
sense_list:
A device (or, more precisely, a mating pair of devices, often a plug and a socket) for connecting together two wires, cables, or hoses, allowing electricity or fluid to flow but also allowing easy disconnection and reconnection when necessary.


lexentry: eng/conning_tower__Noun__1
written_rep: conning tower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: боевая рубка
sense_list:
(nautical) A connecting structure between the bridge and pressure hull of a submarine; in larger, modern submarines it contains the captain's cabin and is known as the sail.


lexentry: eng/connive__Verb__1
written_rep: connive
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потака́ть | потво́рствовать | сгова́риваться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To secretly cooperate with other people in order to commit a crime or other wrongdoing; to collude, to conspire. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/connoisseur__Noun__1
written_rep: connoisseur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: знато́к | цени́тель | цени́тельница
sense_list:
A specialist in a given field whose opinion is highly valued, especially in one of the fine arts or in matters of taste.


lexentry: eng/connotation__Noun__1
written_rep: connotation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коннота́ция | подте́кст | созначе́ние
sense_list:
(semantics) A meaning of a word or phrase that is suggested or implied, as opposed to a denotation, or literal meaning. A characteristic of words or phrases, or of the contexts that words and phrases are used in.


lexentry: eng/conquest__Noun__1
written_rep: conquest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: покоре́ние | преодоле́ние
sense_list:
(by extension, often, figuratively) An act or instance of gaining control of or mastery over something, overcoming obstacles.


lexentry: eng/conscience__Noun__1
written_rep: conscience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: со́весть | совесть
sense_list:
(chiefly, fiction, narratology) A personification of the moral sense of right and wrong, usually in the form of a person, a being or merely a voice that gives moral lessons and advices.


lexentry: eng/conscience_vote__Noun__1
written_rep: conscience vote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: «[[го́лос]] [[совесть|со́вести]]»
sense_list:
(politics) A type of vote in a legislative body where legislators are allowed to vote according to their own personal conscience rather than according to an official line set down by their political party.


lexentry: eng/conscientious_objector__Noun__1
written_rep: conscientious objector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
Someone who refuses to perform military service (for example to fight in an armed conflict, or be compulsorily drafted in a time of peace) because of religious or moral principles.

trans_list:
[[отказываться|отка́зывающийся]] от [[призыв|призы́ва]] в [[армия|а́рмию]] по [[убеждение|убежде́нию]] | отка́зник | отка́зница | отка́зчик | отка́зчица


lexentry: eng/consecutio_temporum__Noun__1
written_rep: consecutio temporum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: согласова́ние времён
sense_list:
(linguistics, grammar) A set of grammatical rules of a particular language, governing the agreement between the tenses of verbs in related clauses or sentences; agreement between tenses of verbs in accordance with said set of rules.


lexentry: eng/consecutive_interpreting__Noun__1
written_rep: consecutive interpreting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: после́довательный перево́д
sense_list:
(translation studies) A type of oral translation from one language into another which is produced after a person has finished speaking and typically with the aid of notetaking.


lexentry: eng/consensus__Noun__1
written_rep: consensus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: единоду́шие | консе́нсус | согла́сие
sense_list:
General agreement among the members of a given group or community, each of which exercises some discretion in decision-making and follow-up action.


lexentry: eng/consequent__Noun__1
written_rep: consequent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(logic) The second half of a hypothetical proposition; Q, if the form of the proposition is "If P, then Q."

trans_list:
[[второй|втора́я]] часть [[условный|усло́вного]] [[предложение|предложе́ния]] | [[правый|пра́вая]] часть [[условный|усло́вного]] [[высказывание|выска́зывания]] | сле́дствие


lexentry: eng/conservation__Noun__1
written_rep: conservation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: консерва́ция | сохране́ние
sense_list:
The act of preserving, guarding, or protecting; the keeping (of a thing) in a safe or entire state; preservation.


lexentry: eng/conservation__Noun__1
written_rep: conservation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: охра́на приро́ды
sense_list:
(biology) The discipline concerned with protection of biodiversity, the environment, and natural resources


lexentry: eng/conservation_law__Noun__1
written_rep: conservation law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: закон сохранения
sense_list:
(physics) Any of several laws that hold that some physical property remains constant in a closed system regardless of other changes that take place.


lexentry: eng/conservative__Adjective__1
written_rep: conservative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: консервати́вный | консервативный
sense_list:
Tending to resist change or innovation. | (US, Canada, economics, politics, social sciences) Supporting some combination of fiscal, political or social conservatism.


lexentry: eng/conservative__Adjective__1
written_rep: conservative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: республика́нский
sense_list:
(linguistics) Having few changes relative to an older form, especially in comparison to related varieties.


lexentry: eng/conservative__Noun__1
written_rep: conservative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: консерва́тор
sense_list:
(US, Canada, social sciences) A social conservative. | A person who favors maintenance of the status quo.


lexentry: eng/conservative__Noun__1
written_rep: conservative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: консерва́тор | консервативный
sense_list:
(US, Canada, economics) A fiscal conservative. | (US, Canada, politics) A person who favors decentralization of political power and disfavors interventionist foreign policy.


lexentry: eng/conservator__Noun__1
written_rep: conservator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ресторатор
sense_list:
A professional who works on the conservation and restoration of objects, particularly artistic objects.


lexentry: eng/considerate__Adjective__1
written_rep: considerate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: проду́манный
sense_list:
Consciously thoughtful and observant (often of other people and their rights, needs, feelings and comfort).


lexentry: eng/consideration__Noun__1
written_rep: consideration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рассмотре́ние | обсужде́ние | размышле́ние
sense_list:
The thought process of considering, of taking multiple or specified factors into account (with of being the main corresponding adposition).


lexentry: eng/consideration__Noun__1
written_rep: consideration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: возмеще́ние | компенса́ция
sense_list:
(law) A matter of inducement for something promised; something valuable given as recompense for a promise, which causes the promise to become binding as a contract.


lexentry: eng/consist__Noun__1
written_rep: consist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соста́в
sense_list:
(rail transport) A lineup or sequence of railroad carriages or cars, with or without a locomotive, that form a unit.


lexentry: eng/consistence__Noun__1
written_rep: consistence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: консистенция
sense_list:
(archaic) The physical quality which is given by the degree of density, firmness, solidity, and viscosity; consistency.


lexentry: eng/consistent__Adjective__1
written_rep: consistent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: после́довательный
sense_list:
Of a regularly occurring, dependable nature. [from late 16th c. in the obsolete sense ‘consisting of’]


lexentry: eng/console__Noun__1
written_rep: console
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пульт
sense_list:
A desk-like cabinet, table, or stand upon which controls, instruments, and displays are mounted. | An instrument with displays and an input device that is used to monitor and control an electronic system.


lexentry: eng/consommé__Noun__1
written_rep: consommé
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: консоме́
sense_list:
a clear broth made from reduced meat or vegetable stock, served either hot as a soup or chilled as a jelly


lexentry: eng/consonant__Noun__1
written_rep: consonant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: согла́сный | согласный звук
sense_list:
(phonetics) A sound that results from the passage of air through restrictions of the oral cavity; any sound that is not the dominant sound of a syllable, the dominant sound generally being a vowel.


lexentry: eng/consortium__Noun__1
written_rep: consortium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: консо́рциум | консорциум
sense_list:
An association or combination of businesses, financial institutions, or investors, for the purpose of engaging in a joint venture.


lexentry: eng/consortium__Noun__1
written_rep: consortium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: консорциум
sense_list:
A similar arrangement among non-commercial institutions or organizations. | An association or society.


lexentry: eng/conspicuous_consumption__Noun__1
written_rep: conspicuous consumption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: демонстрати́вное потребле́ние
sense_list:
A public display of acquisition of possessions with the intention of gaining social prestige; excessive consumerism in order to flaunt one's purchasing power.


lexentry: eng/conspiracy__Noun__1
written_rep: conspiracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: за́говор | сго́вор
sense_list:
(legal) An agreement between two or more persons to break the law at some time in the future. | (loosely) An agreement to work together to bring something about; an act or instance of conspiring.


lexentry: eng/conspire__Verb__1
written_rep: conspire
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: замышля́ть | сгова́риваться | сговори́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To secretly plot or make plans together, often with the intention to bring bad or illegal results; to collude, to connive, to plot.


lexentry: eng/constable__Noun__1
written_rep: constable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: коннетабль | консте́бль
sense_list:
(historical) An officer of a noble court in the Middle Ages, usually a senior army commander. (See also marshal).


lexentry: eng/constancy__Noun__1
written_rep: constancy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: постоя́нство
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being constant; steadiness or faithfulness in action, affections, purpose, etc.


lexentry: eng/constant__Noun__1
written_rep: constant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конста́нта | постоя́нная
sense_list:
That which is permanent or invariable. | (algebra) A quantity that remains at a fixed value throughout a given discussion.


lexentry: eng/constant__Noun__1
written_rep: constant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: постоя́нная
sense_list:
(science) Any property of an experiment, determined numerically, that does not change under given circumstances.


lexentry: eng/constellation__Noun__1
written_rep: constellation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: созве́здие | созвездие
sense_list:
(astronomy) An arbitrary formation of stars perceived as a figure (especially one from mythology) or pattern, or a division of the sky including it, especially one officially recognized by astronomers; an asterism. | (modern, _, astronomy) Any of the 88 regions of the sky officially recognized by the International Astronomical Union, including all stars and celestial bodies in the region. [from 1920s]


lexentry: eng/consternation__Noun__1
written_rep: consternation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: испу́г | оцепене́ние | у́жас
sense_list:
Amazement or horror that confounds the faculties, and incapacitates for reflection; terror, combined with amazement; dismay.


lexentry: eng/constipation__Noun__1
written_rep: constipation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: запо́р | констипа́ция
sense_list:
A state of the bowels in which the evacuations are infrequent and difficult, or the intestines become filled with hardened faeces | The act of crowding anything into a lesser space, or the state of being crowded or pressed together; condensation.


lexentry: eng/constituent__Noun__1
written_rep: constituent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: избира́тель
sense_list:
A resident of an area represented by an elected official, particularly in relation to that official.


lexentry: eng/constitution__Noun__1
written_rep: constitution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: устро́йство | конституция
sense_list:
The act, or process of setting something up, or establishing something; the composition or structure of such a thing; its makeup.


lexentry: eng/constitution__Noun__1
written_rep: constitution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конститу́ция | основно́й зако́н | конституция
sense_list:
(government) The formal or informal system of primary principles and laws that regulates a government or other institutions.


lexentry: eng/constitutional__Adjective__1
written_rep: constitutional
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: конституцио́нный | конституционный
sense_list:
In compliance with or valid under a legal or political constitution. | Relating to a legal or political constitution.


lexentry: eng/constitutional_court__Noun__1
written_rep: constitutional court
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конституционный суд
sense_list:
a high court whose jurisdiction is focused on constitutional law or constitutional issues, such as the review of the constitutionality of laws, draft laws, political and bureaucratic decisions, acts of political parties, etc.


lexentry: eng/constitutional_law__Noun__1
written_rep: constitutional law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конституционное право
sense_list:
(legal) The area of law which deals with the interpretation and application of a constitution, particularly that of a national government.


lexentry: eng/constitutionality__Noun__1
written_rep: constitutionality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конституцио́нность
sense_list:
(legal) The status of being constitutional; of being in accord with the provisions of the appropriate constitution.


lexentry: eng/constraint__Noun__1
written_rep: constraint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ограниче́ние
sense_list:
Something that constrains; a restriction. | (mathematics) A condition that a solution to an optimization problem must satisfy.


lexentry: eng/construct__Verb__1
written_rep: construct
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: постро́ить | стро́ить
sense_list:
(transitive, geometry) To draw (a geometric figure) by following precise specifications and using geometric tools and techniques.


lexentry: eng/construct_state__Noun__1
written_rep: construct state
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ида́фа | изафе́т | смихут
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun form associated especially with Afroasiatic languages, but occurring also in Iranian and others; used in construing a nominal with another, particularly for the object of a genitive.


lexentry: eng/constructed_language__Noun__1
written_rep: constructed language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: иску́сственный язы́к
sense_list:
Any language—whether a human language, a programming language, or markup language—that is not a natural language.


lexentry: eng/construction_site__Noun__1
written_rep: construction site
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: стро́йка | [[строи́тельная]] [[площа́дка]] | стройплоща́дка
sense_list:
A place where a building or other physical structure is under construction. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/constructivism__Noun__1
written_rep: constructivism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конструктивизм
sense_list:
(arts) A Russian movement in modern art characterized by the creation of nonrepresentational geometric objects using industrial materials.


lexentry: eng/constructor__Noun__1
written_rep: constructor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: констру́ктор | строи́тель
sense_list:
(automotive) A company or individual who builds racing vehicles. In Formula One, constructor status is strictly defined by the rules, but in other motorsports the term is merely a descriptor. Depending on the racing rules, some constructors (e.g. Cosworth) may provide vehicles to racing teams who are not themselves constructors, while others are both teams and constructors (Ducati Corse, Scuderia Ferrari).


lexentry: eng/constructor__Noun__1
written_rep: constructor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: констру́ктор
sense_list:
(object-oriented programming) A class method that creates and initializes each instance of an object.


lexentry: eng/construe__Verb__1
written_rep: construe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: истолковывать | толкова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To interpret (something) to another or publicly, explain the meaning (of something), usually language.


lexentry: eng/consul-general__Noun__1
written_rep: consul-general
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[генера́льный]] [[ко́нсул]] | генко́нсул
sense_list:
A consular officer who heads a consulate general, and is a consul of the highest rank serving at a particular location.


lexentry: eng/consul__Noun__1
written_rep: consul
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́нсул
sense_list:
(historical) Either of the two heads of government and state of the Roman Republic or the equivalent nominal post under the Roman and Byzantine Empires.


lexentry: eng/consul__Noun__1
written_rep: consul
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ко́нсул | консул
sense_list:
(by extension) An official residing in major foreign towns to represent and protect the interests of the merchants and citizens of their country.


lexentry: eng/consulate_general__Noun__1
written_rep: consulate general
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: генера́льное ко́нсульство | генко́нсульство
sense_list:
The residence, office, or jurisdiction of a consul general; the base of operations for the highest ranking consul for one nationality in a specific foreign country.


lexentry: eng/consult__Verb__1
written_rep: consult
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: консульти́ровать | консульти́роваться | обсуди́ть | обсужда́ть | советовать | совеща́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To seek the opinion or advice of another; to take counsel; to deliberate together; to confer; to advise.


lexentry: eng/consultant__Noun__1
written_rep: consultant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: консульта́нт | консульта́нтка
sense_list:
A person or party that is consulted. | A person whose occupation is to be consulted for their expertise, advice, service or help in an area or specialty; a party whose business is to be similarly consulted.


lexentry: eng/consumer_credit__Noun__1
written_rep: consumer credit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: потреби́тельский креди́т
sense_list:
(banking, economics) Credit extended to an individual for the purchase of consumer goods and services.


lexentry: eng/consumer_price_index__Noun__1
written_rep: consumer price index
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: и́ндекс потреби́тельских цен
sense_list:
(economics) A statistical estimate of the level of prices of goods and services bought for consumption purposes by households.


lexentry: eng/contact_details__Noun__1
written_rep: contact details
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конта́ктная информа́ция | конта́ктные да́нные | координата
sense_list:
Information on how to contact a person or entity, typically including a telephone number, address etc.


lexentry: eng/contact_lens__Noun__1
written_rep: contact lens
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конта́ктная ли́нза | ли́нза
sense_list:
A thin lens, made of flexible or rigid plastic, that is placed directly on to the eye to correct vision, used as an alternative to spectacles, or, if coloured, to change one's eye color cosmetically.


lexentry: eng/contact_sport__Noun__1
written_rep: contact sport
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конта́ктный вид спо́рта
sense_list:
(sports) An athletic contest which involves a significant amount of physical contact between the participating athletes.


lexentry: eng/contagion__Noun__1
written_rep: contagion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: инфе́кция | зара́за | зара́зная боле́знь
sense_list:
The spread or transmission of such a disease. | (figuratively, by extension) The spread of anything likened to a contagious disease. | (finance) The spread of (initially small) shocks, which initially affect only a few financial institutions or a particular region of an economy, to other financial sectors and other countries whose economies were previously healthy.


lexentry: eng/contagious__Adjective__1
written_rep: contagious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: зарази́тельный | заразный
sense_list:
(figurative) Easily passed on to others. | (of a person) Having a disease that can be transmitted to another person.


lexentry: eng/container_deposit__Noun__1
written_rep: container deposit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зало́г
sense_list:
A monetary deposit on a beverage or other container at the point of sale, refundable when the container is returned for reuse, recycling or proper disposal.


lexentry: eng/container_ship__Noun__1
written_rep: container ship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контейнерово́з
sense_list:
(watercraft) A cargo vessel designed to carry cargo prepacked into containers, especially shipping containers.


lexentry: eng/containment__Noun__1
written_rep: containment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: сде́рживание
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) A policy of checking the expansion of a hostile foreign power by creating alliances with other states; especially the foreign policy strategy of the United States in the early years of the Cold War.


lexentry: eng/contamination__Noun__1
written_rep: contamination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: загрязне́ние
sense_list:
The process of making a material or surface unclean or unsuited for its intended purpose, usually by the addition or attachment of undesirable foreign substances.


lexentry: eng/contemplate__Verb__1
written_rep: contemplate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: размышля́ть
sense_list:
To look at on all sides or in all its aspects; to view or consider with continued attention; to regard with deliberate care; to meditate on; to study, ponder, or consider.


lexentry: eng/contempt__Noun__1
written_rep: contempt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: презре́ние | бесче́стие | позо́р | пренебреже́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state or act of contemning; the feeling or attitude of regarding someone or something as inferior, base, or worthless; scorn, disdain.


lexentry: eng/contempt__Noun__1
written_rep: contempt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: неуваже́ние
sense_list:
(legal) Open disrespect or willful disobedience of the authority of a court of law or legislative body.


lexentry: eng/contempt_of_court__Noun__1
written_rep: contempt of court
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: неуваже́ние к суду́
sense_list:
(legal, countable) A particular act of open disrespect for or willful disobedience of the authority of a court of law.


lexentry: eng/content__Noun__2
written_rep: content
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конте́нт | содержа́ние | су́щность
sense_list:
Subject matter; semantic information (or a portion or body thereof); that which is contained in writing, speech, video, etc.


lexentry: eng/content__Noun__2
written_rep: content
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: вмести́мость | содержание
sense_list:
(algebra, ring theory, of a polynomial with coefficients in a GCD domain) The greatest common divisor of the coefficients; (of a polynomial with coefficients in an integral domain) the common factor of the coefficients which, when removed, leaves the adjusted coefficients with no common factor that is noninvertible.


lexentry: eng/contention__Noun__1
written_rep: contention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: пози́ция
sense_list:
A point maintained in an argument, or a line of argument taken in its support; the subject matter of discussion of strife; a position taken or contended for.


lexentry: eng/contents_insurance__Noun__1
written_rep: contents insurance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: страхова́ние дома́шнего иму́щества
sense_list:
Insurance that pays for damage to, or loss of, an individual’s personal possessions whilst they are located within that individual’s home.


lexentry: eng/context__Noun__1
written_rep: context
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конте́кст | обстано́вка | ситуа́ция
sense_list:
The surroundings, circumstances, environment, background or settings that determine, specify, or clarify the meaning of an event or other occurrence.


lexentry: eng/contextual__Adjective__1
written_rep: contextual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контекстный | контекстовый | контекстуальный
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or depending on the context of information; relating to the situation or location in which the information was found.


lexentry: eng/contiguity__Noun__1
written_rep: contiguity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соприкосновение
sense_list:
A state in which two or more physical objects are physically touching one another or in which sections of a plane border on one another.


lexentry: eng/continent__Noun__1
written_rep: continent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: контине́нт | матери́к | континент | материк
sense_list:
Each of the traditional main regions into which the Earth’s land surface is divided, including both an extent of mainland and various conventionally associated islands, etc; namely, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australasia/Oceania, North America, South America, and Antarctica.


lexentry: eng/contingency__Noun__1
written_rep: contingency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: случа́йность
sense_list:
(countable) A possibility; something which may or may not happen. A chance occurrence, especially in finance, unexpected expenses. [from 1610s]


lexentry: eng/contingency_plan__Noun__1
written_rep: contingency plan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[запасно́й]] [[вариа́нт]] | [[запасно́й]] план | [[чрезвыча́йный]] план | план Б
sense_list:
An alternative plan to be put into operation if needed, especially in case of emergencies, or if a primary plan fails.


lexentry: eng/continuity__Noun__1
written_rep: continuity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: неразры́вность | непрерывность
sense_list:
(narratology) A narrative device in episodic fiction where previous and/or future events in a series of stories are accounted for in present stories.


lexentry: eng/continuous__Adjective__1
written_rep: continuous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: длительны́й
sense_list:
(analysis, of a function) Such that, for every x in the domain, for each small open interval D about f(x), there's an interval containing x whose image is in D. | (grammar) Expressing an ongoing action or state.


lexentry: eng/continuous__Adjective__1
written_rep: continuous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: длительны́й | непреры́вный
sense_list:
(mathematics, more generally, of a function between two topological spaces) Such that each open set in the target space has an open preimage (in the domain space, with respect to the given function).


lexentry: eng/continuum__Noun__1
written_rep: continuum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конти́нуум | континуум
sense_list:
A continuous extent. | (mathematics) The nondenumerable set of real numbers; more generally, any compact connected metric space.


lexentry: eng/contour__Noun__1
written_rep: contour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: а́брис | изоли́ния | ко́нтур | очерта́ние
sense_list:
A line on a map or chart delineating those points which have the same altitude or other plotted quantity: a contour line or isopleth; (metonymically) the landform or its surface.


lexentry: eng/contrabassoon__Noun__1
written_rep: contrabassoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контрафаго́т
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A larger version of the bassoon sounding one octave lower, having a technique similar to the bassoon but offers more resistance in every way.


lexentry: eng/contraceptive__Noun__1
written_rep: contraceptive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контрацепти́в | противозача́точное | противозача́точное сре́дство
sense_list:
A mechanism or means by which conception as a result of sexual intercourse can be prevented or made less likely.


lexentry: eng/contract__Noun__1
written_rep: contract
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контра́кт
sense_list:
An agreement between two or more parties, to perform a specific job or work order, often temporary or of fixed duration and usually governed by a written agreement. | (bridge) The declarer's undertaking to win the number of tricks bid with a stated suit as trump.


lexentry: eng/contract__Noun__1
written_rep: contract
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: контра́кт | до́говор | догово́р
sense_list:
(legal) An agreement which the law will enforce in some way. A legally binding contract must contain at least one promise, i.e., a commitment or offer, by an offeror to and accepted by an offeree to do something in the future. A contract is thus executory rather than executed.


lexentry: eng/contract_of_sale__Noun__1
written_rep: contract of sale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: торговое соглашение
sense_list:
(legal) A contract that involves an exchange of goods, services or property to be exchanged from seller (or vendor) to buyer (or purchaser) for an agreed upon value in money (or money equivalent) paid or the promise to pay same.


lexentry: eng/contraction__Noun__1
written_rep: contraction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сжа́тие | сокраще́ние
sense_list:
(biology, medicine) A shortening of a muscle during its use; specifically, a strong and often painful shortening of the uterine muscles prior to or during childbirth. | A (sometimes reversible) contracting or reduction in length, scope, size, or volume; a narrowing, a shortening, a shrinking.


lexentry: eng/contraction__Noun__1
written_rep: contraction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: сокраще́ние | стяже́ние
sense_list:
(orthography) In the English language: a shortened form of a word, often with omitted letters replaced by an apostrophe or a diacritical mark.


lexentry: eng/contractor__Noun__1
written_rep: contractor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: подря́дчик | подря́дчица
sense_list:
A person or company hired to maintain existing facilities like air conditioning systems, groundskeeping, etc.


lexentry: eng/contradiction__Noun__1
written_rep: contradiction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противоре́чие | противоречие
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) The act of contradicting. | (countable) A statement that contradicts itself, i.e., a statement that claims that the same thing is true and that it is false at the same time and in the same senses of the terms.


lexentry: eng/contradiction__Noun__1
written_rep: contradiction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: противоречие
sense_list:
(logic, countable) A proposition that is false for all values of its propositional variables or Boolean atoms.


lexentry: eng/contradiction_in_terms__Noun__1
written_rep: contradiction in terms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[логический|логи́ческая]] [[несообра́зность]] | противоре́чие
sense_list:
A phrase or expression in which the component words contradict one another, often unintentionally, or are claimed to do so when seen from a particular point of view.


lexentry: eng/contrail__Noun__1
written_rep: contrail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конденсационный след
sense_list:
An artificial cloud made by the exhaust of jet aircraft or wingtip vortices that precipitate a stream of tiny ice crystals in moist, frigid upper air.


lexentry: eng/contraindication__Noun__1
written_rep: contraindication
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противопоказа́ние
sense_list:
(medicine) A factor or symptom which makes a certain treatment inadvisable, generally or individually.


lexentry: eng/contralto__Noun__1
written_rep: contralto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контра́льто
sense_list:
(music) The lowest female voice or voice part, falling between tenor and mezzo-soprano. The terms contralto and alto refer to a similar musical pitch, but among singers, the term contralto is reserved for female singers; the equivalent male form is counter-tenor. Originally the contratenor altus was a high countermelody sung against the tenor or main melody.


lexentry: eng/contraposition__Noun__1
written_rep: contraposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контрапози́ция
sense_list:
(countable, logic) The statement of the form "if not Q then not P", given the statement "if P then Q".


lexentry: eng/contrast__Noun__1
written_rep: contrast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контра́ст | контраст
sense_list:
(countable) A difference in lightness, brightness and/or hue between two colours that makes them more or less distinguishable.


lexentry: eng/contrast__Noun__1
written_rep: contrast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контраст
sense_list:
(uncountable) The degree of this difference. | (countable) A difference between two objects, people or concepts.


lexentry: eng/contrast__Verb__1
written_rep: contrast
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противопоста́вить | противопоставля́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To set in opposition in order to show the difference or differences between; to counterpoint.


lexentry: eng/contrasty__Adjective__1
written_rep: contrasty
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контрастный
sense_list:
(photography, television) Having great contrast between light and dark areas (of a subject or photograph).


lexentry: eng/contravariant__Adjective__1
written_rep: contravariant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контравариантный
sense_list:
(category theory, of a functor) Which reverses the order of morphism composition: formally, which associates each morphism f:X \to Y to a morphism F(f):F(Y) \to F(X). | (object-oriented programming) Using or relating to contravariance.


lexentry: eng/contravention__Noun__1
written_rep: contravention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: наруше́ние
sense_list:
The act of contravening a rule, regulation, or law, or of not fulfilling an obligation, promise, or agreement.


lexentry: eng/control_character__Noun__1
written_rep: control character
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: управля́ющий си́мвол
sense_list:
(computing) A character which does not have a direct visual appearance as a glyph, but rather causes some other action to occur, such as a transition to a new line.


lexentry: eng/control_group__Noun__1
written_rep: control group
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контро́льная гру́ппа
sense_list:
(in an experiment) The group of test subjects left untreated or unexposed to some procedure and then compared with treated subjects in order to validate the results of the test.


lexentry: eng/control_key__Noun__1
written_rep: control key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[кла́виша]] [[контро́ль]] | контро́ль
sense_list:
(computing, computer hardware) A key on a personal computer or terminal keyboard used in combination to modify the function of other keys; normally labelled "Ctrl".


lexentry: eng/control_theory__Noun__1
written_rep: control theory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тео́рия управле́ния
sense_list:
An interdisciplinary branch of engineering and mathematics, dealing with the control of the behavior of dynamical systems.


lexentry: eng/control_tower__Noun__1
written_rep: control tower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кома́ндно-диспе́тчерский пу́нкт
sense_list:
(aviation) An airport building from which the air traffic control unit monitors and directs the movement of aircraft on and around the airport.


lexentry: eng/controller__Noun__1
written_rep: controller
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: контро́ллер
sense_list:
(business) The chief accounting officer which audits, and manages the financial affairs of a company or government; a comptroller. | (computer hardware) A mechanism that controls or regulates the operation of a machine, especially a peripheral device in a computer.


lexentry: eng/contumelious__Adjective__1
written_rep: contumelious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: де́рзкий | оскорби́тельный
sense_list:
(archaic, literary) Rudely contemptuous; showing contumely; exhibiting an insolent or disdainful attitude.


lexentry: eng/convection__Noun__1
written_rep: convection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: конве́кция
sense_list:
(physics) The transmission of heat in a fluid by the circulation of currents. | (meteorology) The vertical movement of heat and moisture, especially by updrafts and downdrafts in an unstable air mass. The terms convection and thunderstorm are often used interchangeably, although thunderstorms are only one form of convection. Towering cumulus clouds are visible forms of convection.


lexentry: eng/convenience_store__Noun__1
written_rep: convenience store
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
A small retail store, often in a residential area, that carries a limited selection of items such as staples, junk food, and drugstore items, and which is open long hours for the convenience of shoppers.

trans_list:
вече́рний магази́н | дежу́рный магази́н | круглосу́точный магази́н | мини-суперма́ркет | минима́ркет | ночно́й магази́н


lexentry: eng/convent__Noun__1
written_rep: convent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: конве́нт | слёт | съезд
sense_list:
A gathering of people lasting several days for the purpose of discussing or working on topics previously selected.


lexentry: eng/convention__Noun__1
written_rep: convention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: догово́р | конве́нция | соглаше́ние | усло́вность
sense_list:
A practice or procedure widely observed in a group, especially to facilitate social interaction; a custom.


lexentry: eng/conversation__Noun__1
written_rep: conversation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разгово́р | бесе́да
sense_list:
Expression and exchange of individual ideas through talking with other people; also, a set instance or occasion of such talking. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/conversion__Noun__1
written_rep: conversion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: конве́рсия | обраще́ние | превраще́ние
sense_list:
(law) Under the common law, the tort of the taking of someone's personal property with intent to permanently deprive them of it, or damaging property to the extent that the owner is deprived of the utility of that property, thus making the tortfeasor liable for the entire value of the property.


lexentry: eng/convert__Verb__1
written_rep: convert
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: обрати́ть | обраща́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To induce (someone) to adopt a particular religion, faith, ideology or belief (see also sense 11).


lexentry: eng/convert__Verb__1
written_rep: convert
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: конверти́ровать
sense_list:
(transitive) To express (a unit of measurement) in terms of another; to furnish a mathematical formula by which a quantity, expressed in the former unit, may be given in the latter.


lexentry: eng/convertible__Noun__1
written_rep: convertible
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: кабриоле́т | кабриолет
sense_list:
(vehicles) A convertible car: a car with a removable or foldable roof able to convert from a closed to open vehicle and back again.


lexentry: eng/conveyor__Noun__1
written_rep: conveyor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: конве́йер
sense_list:
A mechanical arrangement for transporting material or objects, generally over short or moderate distances, as from one part of a building to another.


lexentry: eng/conveyor_belt__Noun__1
written_rep: conveyor belt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[ле́нточный]] [[конве́йер]] | [[ле́нточный]] транспортёр | конве́йер
sense_list:
A continuous flexible band moved by a series of rollers to transport objects or material from one place to another, especially within a factory or mine.


lexentry: eng/convict__Verb__1
written_rep: convict
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (chiefly, religion) To convince, persuade; to cause (someone) to believe in (something).
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list:
[[призна́ть]] [[виновный|вино́вным]] | [[признава́ть]] [[виновный|вино́вным]] | осуди́ть | осужда́ть | пригова́ривать | приговори́ть


lexentry: eng/convince__Verb__1
written_rep: convince
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: убежда́ть | убеди́ть
sense_list:
To make someone believe, or feel sure about something, especially by using logic, argument or evidence.


lexentry: eng/convocation__Noun__1
written_rep: convocation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сино́д
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical) An assembly of the clergy, by their representatives, to consult on ecclesiastical affairs.


lexentry: eng/convolution__Noun__1
written_rep: convolution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: свёртка
sense_list:
(mathematics, functional analysis) A mathematical operation on two functions that produces a third that expresses how the shape of one is modified by the other; the integral of the product of the two functions after one is reflected about the y-axis and shifted along the x-axis.


lexentry: eng/convolvulus__Noun__1
written_rep: convolvulus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вьюно́к
sense_list:
(botany) Any of several plants, of the genus Convolvulus, found in temperate climates, having small trumpet-shaped flowers.


lexentry: eng/convoy__Noun__1
written_rep: convoy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: конво́й | конвой
sense_list:
(nautical) One or more merchant ships sailing in company to the same general destination under the protection of naval vessels.


lexentry: eng/convulse__Verb__1
written_rep: convulse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подорвать
sense_list:
(intransitive) To suffer violent involuntary contractions of the muscles, causing one's body to contort.


lexentry: eng/cony__Noun__1
written_rep: cony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кро́лик
sense_list:
A rabbit, especially the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus (formerly known as Lepus cuniculus).


lexentry: eng/coo-coo__Noun__1
written_rep: coo-coo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ку-ку
sense_list:
The two-note vocalisation made by the male of the common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus), or imitation of this by a cuckoo clock.


lexentry: eng/cook_the_books__Verb__1
written_rep: cook the books
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (idiomatic) To manipulate accounting information, especially illegally.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[сфальсифици́ровать]] [[финансовый|фина́нсовую]] отчётность | [[фальсифици́ровать]] [[финансовый|фина́нсовую]] отчётность


lexentry: eng/cookie-cutter__Adjective__1
written_rep: cookie-cutter
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шаблонный
sense_list:
(figuratively, often, pejorative) Having a similar appearance or seeming identical; created by some standard or common means, often with the implication that the result is common, boring, or not applicable to all needs.


lexentry: eng/cookie__Noun__1
written_rep: cookie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пече́нье
sense_list:
(North America, Philippines) A small, flat, baked good which is either crisp or soft but firm. | (UK, Commonwealth) A sweet baked good (as in the previous sense) usually having chocolate chips, fruit, nuts, etc. baked into it.


lexentry: eng/cooking_oil__Noun__1
written_rep: cooking oil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ма́сло для жа́рки
sense_list:
A purified fat taken from plant material that is commonly used in cooking, e.g. olive oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, etc.


lexentry: eng/cool__Adjective__1
written_rep: cool
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: клёвый | кла́ссный | круто́й | потря́сный | потряса́ющий
sense_list:
(informal, of a person) Knowing what to do and how to behave; behaving with effortless and enviable style and panache; considered popular by others.


lexentry: eng/cool__Noun__1
written_rep: cool
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прохла́да
sense_list:
A moderate or refreshing state of cold; moderate temperature of the air between hot and cold; coolness.


lexentry: eng/coolie__Noun__1
written_rep: coolie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ку́ли | чернома́зый | чу́рка
sense_list:
An unskilled Asian worker, usually of Chinese or Indian descent; a labourer; a porter. Coolies were frequently transported to other countries in the 19th and early 20th centuries as indentured labourers.


lexentry: eng/cooling_tower__Noun__1
written_rep: cooling tower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гради́рня | ба́шенный охлади́тель | охлади́тельная ба́шня
sense_list:
A large device, in the form of a tower-shaped building, in which warm water is cooled by evaporation caused by circulating currents of air


lexentry: eng/cooper__Noun__1
written_rep: cooper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бо́ндарь | боча́р | бонда́рь
sense_list:
A craftsman who makes and repairs barrels and similar wooden vessels such as casks, buckets and tubs.


lexentry: eng/coordinate__Noun__1
written_rep: coordinate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: координа́та
sense_list:
(mathematics, cartography, astronomy) A number representing the position of a point along a line, arc, or similar one-dimensional figure.


lexentry: eng/coordinate_axis__Noun__1
written_rep: coordinate axis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коодина́тная ось
sense_list:
(mathematics, geometry) One of the lines in the coordinate system that represents one of the dimensions.


lexentry: eng/coordinate_clause__Noun__1
written_rep: coordinate clause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гла́вное предложе́ние
sense_list:
(grammar) A clause that can stand alone syntactically as a complete sentence and contains at least a subject and a verb.


lexentry: eng/coordinate_system__Noun__1
written_rep: coordinate system
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: систе́ма координа́т
sense_list:
(geometry, analysis) A method of representing the position of any individual point in a space of given dimensionality as a tuple of numerical coordinates.


lexentry: eng/coordinate_term__Noun__1
written_rep: coordinate term
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: согипоним
sense_list:
(semantics) A term (word or noun phrase) that shares a hypernym (or hypernymic noun phrase) with another: that is, one that names another type (kind) within the same class.


lexentry: eng/coordinating_conjunction__Noun__1
written_rep: coordinating conjunction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сочини́тельный сою́з
sense_list:
(grammar) A conjunction that joins two grammatical elements of the same status or construction. It can join subjects, objects, verbs, nouns, adjectives, phrases, and independent clauses. [from 1875–80]


lexentry: eng/coordination__Noun__1
written_rep: coordination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: согласова́ние | координа́ция
sense_list:
The act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect. | The resulting state of working together; cooperation; synchronization.


lexentry: eng/coot__Noun__1
written_rep: coot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лы́ска | лысу́ха | лысуха
sense_list:
Any of various aquatic birds of the genus Fulica that are mainly black with a prominent frontal shield on the forehead.


lexentry: eng/cootie_catcher__Noun__1
written_rep: cootie catcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блоха
sense_list:
(informal, US) A form of origami with hidden fortunes, activities, etc. written on the folds, and used mainly in children's games, where a person is asked to choose a fold to open.


lexentry: eng/cop-out__Noun__1
written_rep: cop-out
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: отгово́рка
sense_list:
(slang) An excuse made in order to avoid performing a task or duty; a reason offered when someone cops out.


lexentry: eng/cop__Verb__1
written_rep: cop
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: схвати́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To (be forced to) take; to receive; to shoulder; to bear, especially blame or punishment for a particular instance of wrongdoing.


lexentry: eng/cop_out__Verb__1
written_rep: cop out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: отверте́ться | уви́ливать | увильну́ть | уклони́ться | уклоня́ться
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To avoid or shirk, either by failing to perform, or by performing in a grossly insufficient, negligent, or superficial manner.


lexentry: eng/copper__Noun__1
written_rep: copper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: медь | ку́прум
sense_list:
(uncountable) A reddish-brown, malleable, ductile metallic element with high electrical and thermal conductivity, symbol Cu, and atomic number 29.


lexentry: eng/copper__Noun__1
written_rep: copper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[ме́дный]] [[горшо́к]] | [[ме́дный]] [[котело́к]]
sense_list:
(UK, AU, dated) A large pot, often used for heating water or washing clothes over a fire. In Australasia at least, it could also be a fixed installation made of copper, with a fire underneath and its own chimney. Generally made redundant by the advent of the washing machine.


lexentry: eng/copper__Noun__1
written_rep: copper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: медь | [[медный|ме́дное]] [[изде́лие]] | [[цвет|цве́та]] [[медь|ме́ди]] | ме́дно-кра́сный
sense_list:
(countable, dated) Any of various specialized items that are made of copper, where the use of copper is either traditional or vital to the function of the item.


lexentry: eng/copper_shark__Noun__1
written_rep: copper shark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: узкозубая акула
sense_list:
Carcharhinus brachyurus, a species of requiem shark characterized by its narrow, hook-shaped upper teeth, lack of a prominent ridge between the dorsal fins, and plain bronze coloration.


lexentry: eng/copper_sulfate__Noun__1
written_rep: copper sulfate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ме́дный купоро́с | сульфа́т ме́ди
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) the common name for copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4, which forms blue crystals and is used in agriculture, dyeing, electroplating and many other applications; reducing agents reduce it to the red cuprous sulfate


lexentry: eng/copper_sulfide__Noun__1
written_rep: copper sulfide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сульфи́д ме́ди
sense_list:
(mineral, inorganic compound) A family of chemical compounds and minerals with the chemical formula CuxSy.


lexentry: eng/coppice__Noun__1
written_rep: coppice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лесо́к | ро́щица
sense_list:
A grove of small growth; a thicket of brushwood; a wood cut at certain times for fuel or other purposes, typically managed to promote growth and ensure a reliable supply of timber. See copse.


lexentry: eng/coprime__Adjective__1
written_rep: coprime
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: взаи́мно просто́й | взаи́мно просты́е
sense_list:
(number theory, of two or more positive integers) Having no positive integer factors in common, aside from 1. | (number theory, of a positive integer) Having no positive integer factors, aside from 1, in common with one or more specified other positive integers.


lexentry: eng/coprocessor__Noun__1
written_rep: coprocessor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сопроцессор
sense_list:
(computer hardware) An additional microprocessor used to supplement the functionality of the central processing unit, performing tasks such as floating-point arithmetic (floating-point unit) or graphics calculations (graphics processing unit).


lexentry: eng/coproduct__Noun__1
written_rep: coproduct
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копроизведение
sense_list:
Any of multiple products that are produced at the same time, or by the same process | (mathematics) The colimit of two (or more) objects, without regard to any morphisms between them.


lexentry: eng/coprolalia__Noun__1
written_rep: coprolalia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копролали́я
sense_list:
(psychiatry) The uncontrolled use of abusive, obscene or scatological language; especially such behaviour associated with Tourette syndrome.


lexentry: eng/coprophilia__Noun__1
written_rep: coprophilia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копрофилия
sense_list:
(psychiatry) A marked interest in excrement; especially the paraphilia involving sexual arousal and pleasure from feces and defecation.


lexentry: eng/copula__Noun__1
written_rep: copula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: глаго́л-свя́зка | ко́пула | свя́зка
sense_list:
(linguistics, grammar) A word, usually a verb, used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (usually a subject complement or an adverbial), that unites or associates the subject with the predicate.


lexentry: eng/copula__Noun__1
written_rep: copula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ко́пула
sense_list:
(statistics) A function that represents the association between two or more variables, independent of the individual marginal distributions of the variables.


lexentry: eng/copulation__Noun__1
written_rep: copulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ко́итус | копуля́ция | сноше́ние | совокупле́ние
sense_list:
(uncountable) Sexual procreation between a man and a woman or transfer of the sperm from male to female; usually applied to the mating process in nonhuman animals; coitus; coition.


lexentry: eng/copy__Noun__1
written_rep: copy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ко́пия
sense_list:
(marketing, advertising) The output of copywriters, who are employed to write material which encourages consumers to buy goods or services.


lexentry: eng/copy_editor__Noun__1
written_rep: copy editor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: литературный редактор | редактор
sense_list:
Someone who corrects printed material (copy) and prepares it for typesetting, printing, or online publishing.


lexentry: eng/copycat__Noun__1
written_rep: copycat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: имита́тор | подража́тель
sense_list:
(informal, derogatory) One who imitates or plagiarizes others' work. [from late 19th c.] | A criminal who imitates the crimes of another; specifically, a criminal who commits the same crime, especially a highly-publicized one, that has just or recently been committed by someone else.


lexentry: eng/copyedit__Verb__1
written_rep: copyedit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вычитывать
sense_list:
(transitive, printing) To correct the spelling, grammar, formatting, etc. of printed material and prepare it for typesetting, printing, or online publishing.


lexentry: eng/copying__Noun__1
written_rep: copying
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копи́рование
sense_list:
(countable) an instance of the making of a copy | (uncountable) the practice of making one or more copies


lexentry: eng/copypasta__Noun__1
written_rep: copypasta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: копипа́ста
sense_list:
(Internet slang) A block of text which has been copied and pasted from somewhere else, serving as a story or meme. [from 2006]


lexentry: eng/copyright__Noun__1
written_rep: copyright
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: а́вторское пра́во | авторское право
sense_list:
(uncountable) The right by law to be the entity which determines who may publish, copy and distribute a piece of writing, music, picture or other work of authorship.


lexentry: eng/coquetry__Noun__1
written_rep: coquetry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: коке́тство
sense_list:
(countable) An act constituting such behaviour; an affectation of amorous interest or enticement, especially of a woman directed towards a man.


lexentry: eng/coquina__Noun__1
written_rep: coquina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: котеле́ц | раку́шечник
sense_list:
(uncountable, geology) A soft form of limestone made of fragments of shells, sometimes used as a building or road paving material. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cor_anglais__Noun__1
written_rep: cor anglais
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: англи́йский рожо́к
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A double-reed woodwind instrument in the oboe family that is pitched in F, one-fifth lower than the oboe and is consequently approximately one-third longer than the oboe.


lexentry: eng/coral__Noun__1
written_rep: coral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кора́лл | коралл
sense_list:
(countable) Any of many species of marine invertebrates in the class Anthozoa, most of which build hard calcium carbonate skeletons and form colonies, or a colony belonging to one of those species. | (uncountable) A hard substance made of the skeletons of these organisms.


lexentry: eng/coral__Noun__1
written_rep: coral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: кора́лловый
sense_list:
(countable) A somewhat yellowish orange-pink colour; the colour of red coral (Corallium rubrum) of the Mediterranean Sea, commonly used as an ornament or gem.


lexentry: eng/cord__Noun__1
written_rep: cord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: верёвка | шнур
sense_list:
(countable) A long, thin, flexible length of twisted yarns (strands) of fiber (a rope, for example).


lexentry: eng/cord__Noun__1
written_rep: cord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ка́бель | про́вод | шнур
sense_list:
A small flexible electrical conductor composed of wires insulated separately or in bundles and assembled together usually with an outer cover; the electrical cord of a lamp, sweeper ((US) vacuum cleaner), or other appliance.


lexentry: eng/cordial__Noun__1
written_rep: cordial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: конфе́та
sense_list:
A candy (or bonbon) usually made of milk chocolate, filled with small fruits (often maraschino cherries) and syrup or fondant.


lexentry: eng/cordon__Noun__1
written_rep: cordon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кордо́н
sense_list:
(archaic) A ribbon normally worn diagonally across the chest as a decoration or insignia of rank etc. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.] | A line of people or things placed around an area to enclose or protect it. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/cordwood__Noun__1
written_rep: cordwood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полено
sense_list:
Wood suitable for use as firewood; firewood cut and split into conveniently sized pieces for easy stacking into cords.


lexentry: eng/core__Noun__1
written_rep: core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: суть | сердцеви́на | су́щность
sense_list:
The most important part of a thing or aggregate of things wherever located and whether of any determinate location at all; the essence.


lexentry: eng/core__Noun__1
written_rep: core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: суть | су́щность
sense_list:
A technical term for classification of things denoting those parts of a category that are most easily or most likely understood as within it.


lexentry: eng/core__Noun__1
written_rep: core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: магнитопровод
sense_list:
A piece of ferromagnetic material (e.g., soft iron), inside the windings of an electromagnet, that channels the magnetic field.


lexentry: eng/core__Noun__1
written_rep: core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ядро́
sense_list:
(computer hardware) An individual computer processor, in the sense when several processors (called cores or CPU cores) are plugged together in one single integrated circuit to work as one (called a multi-core processor).


lexentry: eng/core__Noun__1
written_rep: core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ядро́ | суть | сердцеви́на | су́щность
sense_list:
(engineering, manufacturing) The portion of a mold that creates a cavity or impression within the part (casting or molded part) or that makes a hole in or through the part.


lexentry: eng/core_sample__Noun__1
written_rep: core sample
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: керн
sense_list:
A cylindrical section of a naturally occurring substance, typically obtained by drilling into the substance, for example sediment or rock, with a core drill.


lexentry: eng/corgi__Noun__1
written_rep: corgi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́рги
sense_list:
Short for Welsh corgi (“a type of herding dog originating from Wales, having a small body, short legs, and fox-like features such as large ears; two separate breeds are recognized: the Cardigan Welsh Corgi and the Pembroke Welsh Corgi”).


lexentry: eng/corium__Noun__2
written_rep: corium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́риум
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) A lavalike mixture of fissile material created in a nuclear reactor's core during a nuclear meltdown.


lexentry: eng/cork__Noun__1
written_rep: cork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: луб
sense_list:
(botany, uncountable) The dead protective tissue between the bark and cambium in woody plants, with suberin deposits making it impervious to gasses and water.


lexentry: eng/cork__Noun__1
written_rep: cork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: про́бка | пробка
sense_list:
The phellem of the cork oak, used for making bottle stoppers, flotation devices, and insulation material.


lexentry: eng/corkscrew__Noun__1
written_rep: corkscrew
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: што́пор | штопор
sense_list:
An implement for opening bottles that are sealed by a cork. Sometimes specifically such an implement that includes a screw-shaped part, or worm.


lexentry: eng/corkscrew__Verb__1
written_rep: corkscrew
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: извиваться
sense_list:
(intransitive) To wind or twist in the manner of a corkscrew; to move with much horizontal and vertical shifting.


lexentry: eng/cormorant__Noun__1
written_rep: cormorant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: бакла́н | баклан
sense_list:
Any of various medium-large black seabirds of the family Phalacrocoracidae which dive into water for fish and other aquatic animals, found throughout the world except for islands in the centre of the Pacific Ocean; specifically, the great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo).


lexentry: eng/corn__Noun__1
written_rep: corn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зерно́
sense_list:
(Commonwealth English, but not Canada, Australia, or New Zealand, uncountable) Any cereal plant (or its grain) that is the main crop or staple of a country or region. | A grain or seed, especially of a cereal crop.


lexentry: eng/corn_bunting__Noun__1
written_rep: corn bunting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: просянка
sense_list:
A passerine bird (Emberiza calandra, syn. Emberiza miliaria, Milaria calandra) whose male and female plumages are (untypically for buntings) similar.


lexentry: eng/corn_salad__Noun__1
written_rep: corn salad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: полево́й сала́т | сала́т полево́й
sense_list:
Any of the small plants in genus Valerianella, used in salads and as a herb, especially Valerianella locusta.


lexentry: eng/corncrake__Noun__1
written_rep: corncrake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дерга́ч | коросте́ль
sense_list:
A bird of the rail family, Crex crex, that breeds in meadows and arable farmland across Europe and western Asia, migrating to Africa in winter.


lexentry: eng/cornea__Noun__1
written_rep: cornea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рогови́ца | роговица
sense_list:
(anatomy) The transparent layer making up the outermost front part of the eye, covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.


lexentry: eng/cornel__Noun__1
written_rep: cornel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кизи́л
sense_list:
Any tree or shrub of the dogwood subgenera, Cornus subg. Arctocrania (syn. Cornus subg. Chamaepericlymenum) or Cornus subg. Cornus, especially Cornus mas, the European cornel. | The cherry-like fruit of such plants, certain of which are edible.


lexentry: eng/corner__Noun__1
written_rep: corner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: коне́ц | уголо́к
sense_list:
An edge or extremity; the part farthest from the center; hence, any quarter or part, or the direction in which it lies.


lexentry: eng/corner_kick__Noun__1
written_rep: corner kick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: углово́й | углово́й уда́р
sense_list:
(soccer) A kick awarded to the attacking team when the ball leaves the field of play by wholly crossing the goal line without a goal having been scored, having last touched a player from the defending team. For the kick, the ball is placed within the corner arc closest to where it went out of play.


lexentry: eng/cornerstone__Noun__1
written_rep: cornerstone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: краеуго́льный ка́мень
sense_list:
A stone forming the base at the corner of a building. | Such a stone used ceremonially, often inscribed with the architect's and owner's names, dates and other details. | (figuratively) That which is prominent, fundamental, noteworthy, or central.


lexentry: eng/cornet__Noun__1
written_rep: cornet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корне́т | корне́т-а-писто́н
sense_list:
A musical instrument of the brass family, slightly smaller than a trumpet, usually in the musical key of B-flat.


lexentry: eng/cornetfish__Noun__1
written_rep: cornetfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: свисту́лька
sense_list:
Any of several slender, elongate tropical fish, of the family Fistulariidae, that live in shallow water


lexentry: eng/cornett__Noun__1
written_rep: cornett
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корне́т | ци́нк
sense_list:
(musical instruments) An early horn wind instrument used in European music of the medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque periods. Not to be confused with later brass instrument.


lexentry: eng/cornflower__Noun__1
written_rep: cornflower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: василёк | василёк синий
sense_list:
A small annual plant in the family Asteraceae, Centaurea cyanus, usually with bushy blue flowers which grows natively in European cornfields (i.e. wheatfields).


lexentry: eng/cornice__Noun__1
written_rep: cornice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: карни́з | карниз
sense_list:
(architectural element) A horizontal architectural element of a building, projecting forward from the main walls, originally used as a means of directing rainwater away from the building's walls.


lexentry: eng/cornrow__Noun__1
written_rep: cornrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[тугой|туга́я]] [[коси́чка]] | [[французский|францу́зская]] [[коси́чка]]
sense_list:
(chiefly, in plural) One of a set of rows of tightly braided hair close to the scalp, forming a hairstyle, of African origin.


lexentry: eng/cornucopia__Noun__1
written_rep: cornucopia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рог изоби́лия
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) A goat's horn endlessly overflowing with fruit, flowers and grain; or full of whatever its owner wanted: or, an image of a such a horn, either in two or three dimensions.


lexentry: eng/corolla__Noun__1
written_rep: corolla
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ве́нчик
sense_list:
(botany) An outermost-but-one whorl of a flower, composed of petals, when it is not the same in appearance as the outermost whorl (the calyx); it usually comprises the petal, which may be fused.


lexentry: eng/corollary__Noun__1
written_rep: corollary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: сле́дствие | следствие
sense_list:
(mathematics, logic) A proposition which follows easily from the statement or proof of another proposition.


lexentry: eng/corona__Noun__1
written_rep: corona
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: коро́на
sense_list:
The luminous plasma atmosphere of the Sun (the solar corona) or other star, extending millions of kilometres into space, most easily seen during a total solar eclipse. | (Ancient Rome, historical) A crown or garland bestowed among the Romans as a reward for distinguished services.


lexentry: eng/corona__Noun__1
written_rep: corona
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: ве́нчик | коро́на
sense_list:
(botany) A ring or set of appendages of adaxial tissue arising from the corolla or the outer edge of the stamens, present in some plants (Narcissus, Passiflora, etc.); a paraperigonium.


lexentry: eng/corona_discharge__Noun__1
written_rep: corona discharge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коро́нный разря́д
sense_list:
(electricity) The ionization of air (or any other fluid) surrounding an electrically energized conductor, as a result of a strong electric field.


lexentry: eng/coronal_mass_ejection__Noun__1
written_rep: coronal mass ejection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корональный вы́брос массы
sense_list:
(astronomy) A massive burst of solar wind, other light isotope plasma, and magnetic fields rising above the solar corona or being released into space.


lexentry: eng/coronary_artery_disease__Noun__1
written_rep: coronary artery disease
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корона́рная недоста́точность
sense_list:
(disease, cardiology) Any disease caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the myocardium.


lexentry: eng/coronation__Noun__1
written_rep: coronation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: венча́ние | корона́ция
sense_list:
(specifically, also, attributively) An act or the ceremony of formally investing a sovereign or the sovereign's consort with a crown and other insignia of royalty, on or shortly after their accession to the sovereignty.


lexentry: eng/coronavirus__Noun__1
written_rep: coronavirus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коронави́рус | коронавирус
sense_list:
(virology) A member of the family Coronaviridaews, comprising viruses which infect animals and human beings, and the genome of which consists of a single strand of RNA. [from 1968]


lexentry: eng/coroner__Noun__1
written_rep: coroner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(Commonwealth, Ireland, Japan, legal) A public official who presides over an inquest into unnatural deaths, and who may have (or historically had) additional powers such as investigating cases of treasure trove.

trans_list:
[[сле́дователь]] по [[убийство|уби́йствам]] | [[суде́бный]] [[сле́дователь]] | ко́ронер | судмедэкспе́рт


lexentry: eng/coroner__Noun__1
written_rep: coroner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: судмедэкспе́рт
sense_list:
(Canada, US, medicine) A medical doctor who performs autopsies and determines time and cause of death from a scientific standpoint.


lexentry: eng/corporal__Noun__1
written_rep: corporal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: капра́л
sense_list:
(military) A non-commissioned officer army rank with NATO code OR-4. The rank below a sergeant but above a lance corporal and private.


lexentry: eng/corporal__Noun__2
written_rep: corporal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: антими́нс
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical) The white linen cloth on which the elements of the Eucharist are placed; a communion cloth.


lexentry: eng/corporation__Noun__1
written_rep: corporation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: акционе́рное о́бщество
sense_list:
A body corporate, created by law or under authority of law, having a continuous existence independent of the existences of its members, and powers and liabilities distinct from those of its members.


lexentry: eng/corps__Noun__1
written_rep: corps
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́рпус
sense_list:
(military) A battlefield formation composed of two or more divisions. | An organized group of people united by a common purpose.


lexentry: eng/corpse__Noun__1
written_rep: corpse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: труп | мертве́ц | мертвя́к | мёртвое [[те́ло]] | мёртвый | па́даль
sense_list:
A dead body, especially that of a human as opposed to an animal. | (archaic, sometimes, derogatory) A human body in general, whether living or dead.


lexentry: eng/corpus__Noun__1
written_rep: corpus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ко́рпус | собра́ние
sense_list:
(specifically, linguistics) Such a collection in form of an electronic database used for linguistic analyses.


lexentry: eng/corpus_cavernosum__Noun__1
written_rep: corpus cavernosum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: каверно́зное те́ло | пеще́ристое те́ло
sense_list:
(anatomy) One of the pair of cylindrical columns of erectile tissue that form the bulk of the clitoris and penis.


lexentry: eng/corpus_luteum__Noun__1
written_rep: corpus luteum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жёлтое те́ло
sense_list:
(anatomy) A yellow mass of cells that forms from an ovarian follicle during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in mammals; it secretes steroid hormones.


lexentry: eng/correction_fluid__Noun__1
written_rep: correction fluid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: зама́зка | корре́ктор | штрих-корре́ктор
sense_list:
A white, opaque fluid, applied to paper to mask textual errors; used especially to mask errors in typing so that corrections may be overtyped.


lexentry: eng/correction_tape__Noun__1
written_rep: correction tape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корре́ктор-ле́нта | корре́ктор-ро́ллер | корректи́рующая ле́нта
sense_list:
An opaque white tape that can be placed against paper and transferred by pressure in order to blank out a mistake; an alternative to correction fluid that does not need time to dry.


lexentry: eng/corrective_rape__Noun__1
written_rep: corrective rape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корректи́рующее изнаси́лование
sense_list:
The act of raping someone because of their perceived sexual orientation or gender identity in an attempt to force the person to be heterosexual or to enforce gender stereotypes.


lexentry: eng/correctness__Noun__1
written_rep: correctness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: корре́ктность
sense_list:
conformity to recognized standards | (computing) The state of an algorithm that correctly mirrors its specification.


lexentry: eng/correlation__Noun__1
written_rep: correlation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: корреля́ция | корреляция
sense_list:
(statistics) One of the several measures of the linear statistical relationship between two random variables, indicating both the strength and direction of the relationship.


lexentry: eng/correspond__Verb__1
written_rep: correspond
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соотве́тствовать | согласо́вываться | соотноси́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, constructed with to) To be equivalent or similar in character, quantity, quality, origin, structure, function etc.


lexentry: eng/correspond__Verb__1
written_rep: correspond
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: корреспонди́ровать | перепи́сываться
sense_list:
(intransitive, constructed with with) to exchange messages, especially by postal letter, over a period of time.


lexentry: eng/correspondence__Noun__1
written_rep: correspondence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корреспонде́нция | перепи́ска
sense_list:
(countable, or, uncountable) Postal or other written communications. | (uncountable) Reciprocal exchange of civilities, especially conversation between persons by means of letters.


lexentry: eng/correspondence__Noun__1
written_rep: correspondence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: соотве́тствие | соотноше́ние
sense_list:
(countable) An agreement of situations or objects with an expected outcome. | (set theory, countable) A relation.


lexentry: eng/correspondent__Noun__1
written_rep: correspondent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: корреспонде́нт | корреспонде́нтка
sense_list:
A journalist who sends reports back to a newspaper or radio or television station from a distant or overseas location.


lexentry: eng/corridor__Noun__1
written_rep: corridor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коридо́р | коридор
sense_list:
A narrow hall or passage with rooms leading off it, as in a building or in a railway carriage. | A restricted tract of land that allows passage between two places. | Airspace restricted for the passage of aircraft.


lexentry: eng/corrigendum__Noun__1
written_rep: corrigendum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: исправленная опеча́тка | опеча́тка | попра́вка
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) A list of errors in a printed work as a separate page of corrections. (The items thus listed will sometimes be corrected in subsequent print runs, if any occur; they are then called reprint corrections.)


lexentry: eng/corrosion__Noun__1
written_rep: corrosion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коррозия
sense_list:
The act of corroding or the condition so produced. | (physical chemistry) Erosion by chemical action, especially oxidation. | (by extension) The gradual destruction or undermining of something.


lexentry: eng/corrosive__Adjective__1
written_rep: corrosive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корродирующий
sense_list:
Eating away; having the power of gradually wearing, hanging, or destroying the texture or substance of a body; as the corrosive action of an acid.


lexentry: eng/corrosive__Noun__1
written_rep: corrosive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: корродирующий
sense_list:
Any solid, liquid or gas capable of irreparably harming living tissues or damaging material on contact.


lexentry: eng/corrupt__Verb__1
written_rep: corrupt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: разлагать | портить | развращать
sense_list:
(transitive) To make corrupt; to change from good to bad; to draw away from the right path; to deprave; to pervert.


lexentry: eng/corruption__Noun__1
written_rep: corruption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: по́рча | развраще́ние | растле́ние
sense_list:
The act of corrupting or of impairing integrity, virtue, or moral principle; the state of being corrupted or debased; loss of purity or integrity.


lexentry: eng/corruption__Noun__1
written_rep: corruption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: по́рча | по́рченное | разложе́ние
sense_list:
The act of corrupting or making putrid, or state of being corrupt or putrid; decomposition or disorganization, in the process of putrefaction; putrefaction; deterioration.


lexentry: eng/corruption__Noun__1
written_rep: corruption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: взя́точничество | корру́пция | лихои́мство | мздои́мство | прода́жность
sense_list:
Unethical administrative or executive practices (in government or business), including bribery (offering or receiving bribes), conflicts of interest, nepotism, and so on.


lexentry: eng/corruption__Noun__1
written_rep: corruption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: [[поврежде́ние]] [[да́нных]]
sense_list:
(computing) The destruction of data by manipulation of parts of it, either by deliberate or accidental human action or by imperfections in storage or transmission media.


lexentry: eng/corruption__Noun__1
written_rep: corruption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: па́дание
sense_list:
The act of changing, or of being changed, for the worse; departure from what is pure, simple, or correct.


lexentry: eng/cortex__Noun__1
written_rep: cortex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кора
sense_list:
(countable, anatomy) The outer layer of an internal organ or body structure, such as the kidney or the brain.


lexentry: eng/cortical__Adjective__1
written_rep: cortical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корковый | кортика́льный
sense_list:
(anatomy) Pertaining to the outer layer of an internal organ or body structure, such as the kidney or the brain.


lexentry: eng/cortisone__Noun__1
written_rep: cortisone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кортизо́н
sense_list:
(steroid hormone, pharmaceutical drug) A corticosteroid hormone, closely related to corticosterone, produced by the adrenal cortex. One of the glucocorticoids, it is also made synthetically for use as an anti-inflammatory and antiallergy agent. 17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone, with formula C21H28O5.


lexentry: eng/corundum__Noun__1
written_rep: corundum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кору́нд | корунд
sense_list:
(mineral) An extremely hard mineral, a form of aluminum oxide with the chemical formula Al2O3, that occurs in the form of the gemstones sapphire and ruby; it is used as an abrasive.


lexentry: eng/corvette__Noun__1
written_rep: corvette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: корве́т
sense_list:
(nautical, historical) A flush-decked warship of the 17th-18th centuries having a single tier of guns; it ranked next below a frigate; – called in the United States navy a sloop of war.


lexentry: eng/corvette__Noun__1
written_rep: corvette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: корве́т | корвет
sense_list:
(nautical) In a modern navy, a lightly armed and armoured blue water warship, smaller than a frigate, capable of transoceanic duty.


lexentry: eng/coset__Noun__1
written_rep: coset
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пласт
sense_list:
(algebra, group theory) The set that results from applying a group's binary operation with a given fixed element of the group on each element of a given subgroup.


lexentry: eng/cosine__Noun__1
written_rep: cosine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́синус | косинус
sense_list:
(trigonometry) In a right triangle, the ratio of the length of the side adjacent to an acute angle to the length of the hypotenuse. Symbol: cos


lexentry: eng/cosmetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: cosmetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: космети́ческий
sense_list:
Imparting or improving beauty, particularly the beauty of the complexion. | External or superficial; pertaining only to the surface or appearance of something.


lexentry: eng/cosmetic__Noun__1
written_rep: cosmetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: косме́тика | косметика
sense_list:
Any substances applied to enhance the external color or texture of the skin, e.g. lipstick, eyeshadow, eyeliner; makeup.


lexentry: eng/cosmetologist__Noun__1
written_rep: cosmetologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: визажи́ст | визажи́стка | космети́чка | космето́лог
sense_list:
A person who advises people (normally women) on cosmetics and other beauty treatments; a beautician.


lexentry: eng/cosmic_ray__Noun__1
written_rep: cosmic ray
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[косми́ческий]] луч
sense_list:
(astronomy) An energetic particle originating outside our solar system. | (astronomy) Cosmic radiation: a stream of cosmic rays.


lexentry: eng/cosmodrome__Noun__1
written_rep: cosmodrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: космодро́м | космодром
sense_list:
A site for launching spacecraft, usually in reference to such Soviet or Russian built sites as the Baikonur, Kazakhstan and Plesetsk, Russia cosmodromes.


lexentry: eng/cosmogony__Noun__1
written_rep: cosmogony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: космого́ния | космогония
sense_list:
The study of the origin, and sometimes the development, of the universe or the solar system, in astrophysics, religion, and other fields.


lexentry: eng/cosmology__Noun__1
written_rep: cosmology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: космоло́гия | космология
sense_list:
The study of the physical universe, its structure, dynamics, origin and evolution, and fate. | A metaphysical study into the origin and nature of the universe.


lexentry: eng/cosmopolitan__Adjective__1
written_rep: cosmopolitan
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: космополити́ческий | космополити́чный
sense_list:
(of a place, or, institution) Composed of people from all over the world. | (of a person) At ease in any part of the world; familiar with many cultures.


lexentry: eng/cosmos__Noun__2
written_rep: cosmos
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ко́смос | косме́я
sense_list:
Any of various mostly Mexican herbs of the genus Cosmos having radiate heads of variously coloured flowers and pinnate leaves.


lexentry: eng/cosplay__Verb__1
written_rep: cosplay
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: коспле́ить
sense_list:
(intransitive) To costume oneself as a character. | (transitive) To costume oneself as (a character).


lexentry: eng/cost_of_living__Noun__1
written_rep: cost of living
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прожи́точный ми́нимум | сто́имость жи́зни
sense_list:
The average cost of a standard set of basic necessities of life, especially of food, shelter and clothing.


lexentry: eng/costal_cartilage__Noun__1
written_rep: costal cartilage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: рёберный хрящ | хрящева́я часть ребра́
sense_list:
(anatomy) One of the bars of hyaline cartilage, found at the anterior ends of the ribs, that serve to prolong the ribs forward and contribute to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax.


lexentry: eng/costume__Noun__1
written_rep: costume
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: костю́м | наря́д
sense_list:
A style of dress, including garments, accessories and hairstyle, especially as characteristic of a particular country, period or people. | An outfit or a disguise worn as fancy dress etc. | A set of clothes appropriate for a particular occasion or season.


lexentry: eng/cot__Noun__1
written_rep: cot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[детский|де́тская]] [[крова́тка]]
sense_list:
(UK, Irish, Commonwealth) A bed for infants or small children, with high, often slatted, often moveable sides.


lexentry: eng/cot__Noun__1
written_rep: cot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ко́йка | подвесна́я посте́ль
sense_list:
(nautical, historical) A wooden bed frame, slung by its corners from a beam, in which officers slept before the introduction of bunks.


lexentry: eng/cotangent__Noun__1
written_rep: cotangent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кота́нгенс | котангенс
sense_list:
(trigonometry) In a right triangle, the reciprocal of the tangent of an angle. Symbols: cot, ctg, or ctn


lexentry: eng/cotidal__Adjective__1
written_rep: cotidal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: котидальный | равноприливный
sense_list:
Describing the locations (and of related lines on a chart) linking places where tides occur at the same time of day


lexentry: eng/cotillion__Noun__1
written_rep: cotillion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: котильон
sense_list:
(dance) A bold dance performed in groups of eight where women lift their skirts to display their ankles. [from 1766]


lexentry: eng/cotoneaster__Noun__1
written_rep: cotoneaster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ирга́ | кизи́льник
sense_list:
Any of several erect or creeping shrubs, of the genus Cotoneaster, that have pinkish flowers and red berries.


lexentry: eng/cotton_mill__Noun__1
written_rep: cotton mill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: прядильная фабрика
sense_list:
A building housing spinning or weaving machinery for the production of yarn or cloth from raw cotton.


lexentry: eng/cotton_swab__Noun__1
written_rep: cotton swab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ва́тная па́лочка | ва́тный ту́пфер | ту́пфер
sense_list:
A small wad of cotton wrapped around the end of a small rod, made of wood, rolled paper, or plastic. The most common uses for cotton swabs include aural hygiene and cosmetics application.


lexentry: eng/cotton_thistle__Noun__1
written_rep: cotton thistle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тата́рник | чертополо́х
sense_list:
Any of various flowering plants in the genus Onopordum of the family Asteraceae, especially Onopordum acanthium.


lexentry: eng/cottonwood__Noun__1
written_rep: cottonwood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: тополь
sense_list:
A tree from one of number of species of tree in the genus Populus (poplars), typically growing along watercourses, with fluffy catkins.


lexentry: eng/cotyledon__Noun__1
written_rep: cotyledon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: семядоля
sense_list:
(botany) The leaf of the embryo of a seed-bearing plant; after germination it becomes the first leaves of the seedling.


lexentry: eng/couch__Noun__1
written_rep: couch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дива́н | куше́тка | софа́ | тахта́
sense_list:
(North America, Australia, Ireland) An item of furniture, often upholstered, for the comfortable seating of more than one person; a sofa.


lexentry: eng/couch_potato__Noun__1
written_rep: couch potato
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: безде́льник | домосе́д | лежебо́ка | лентя́й | си́день
sense_list:
(idiom) A person who spends a lot of time sitting or lying down, often watching television, eating snacks or drinking alcohol. [from 1976]


lexentry: eng/cough__Noun__1
written_rep: cough
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́шель | кашель
sense_list:
A sudden, often involuntary expulsion of air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound), and out through the mouth. | A bout of repeated coughing (verb sense 2.1); also, a medical condition that causes one to cough.


lexentry: eng/cough__Verb__1
written_rep: cough
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́шлять | кашляну́ть | кашлять
sense_list:
Sometimes followed by up: to force (something) out of the lungs or throat by pushing air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound), and out through the mouth. | To make a noise like a cough.


lexentry: eng/cough_drop__Noun__1
written_rep: cough drop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[табле́тка]] от [[кашель|ка́шля]]
sense_list:
A small, medicated tablet intended to be dissolved slowly in the mouth to relieve coughing symptoms temporarily.


lexentry: eng/coulomb__Noun__1
written_rep: coulomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: куло́н | кулон
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of electric charge; the amount of electric charge carried by a current of 1 ampere flowing for 1 second. Symbol: C


lexentry: eng/coulter__Noun__1
written_rep: coulter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: предплу́жник
sense_list:
(British) A knife or cutter attached to the beam of a plough to cut the sward, in front of the share and mouldboard.


lexentry: eng/councillor__Noun__1
written_rep: councillor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: [[чле́н]] [[совет|сове́та]] | сове́тник
sense_list:
In particular, a representative elected to a local authority, such as a city council: a city councillor


lexentry: eng/counselor__Noun__1
written_rep: counselor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: вожа́тая | вожа́тый
sense_list:
(education) A school counselor, often in a specialty such as careers, education, or health. | (America) A children’s supervisor, usually at camp.


lexentry: eng/count_on_the_fingers_of_one_hand__Verb__1
written_rep: count on the fingers of one hand
part_of_speech: verb
trans_list:
на па́льцах пересчита́ть | на па́льцах перече́сть | на па́льцах сосчита́ть | на па́льцах счесть | по па́льцам пересчита́ть | по па́льцам перече́сть


lexentry: eng/countdown__Noun__1
written_rep: countdown
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
A count backward in fixed units to the time of some event, especially the launch of a space vehicle.

trans_list:
обра́тный отсчёт | обра́тный счёт | отсчёт | счёт в [[обратный|обра́тном]] [[направление|направле́нии]]


lexentry: eng/countenance__Noun__1
written_rep: countenance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: выраже́ние лица
sense_list:
Appearance, especially the features and expression of the face. | Calm facial expression, composure, self-control.


lexentry: eng/counter__Noun__1
written_rep: counter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: счётчик | противове́с | противоде́йствие
sense_list:
An object (now especially a small disc) used in counting or keeping count, or as a marker in games, etc.


lexentry: eng/counter__Noun__1
written_rep: counter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: встре́чный уда́р | противове́с | противоде́йствие | счётчик
sense_list:
A telltale; a contrivance attached to an engine, printing press, or other machine, for the purpose of counting the revolutions or the pulsations.


lexentry: eng/counter__Noun__1
written_rep: counter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: противове́с | противоде́йствие | столе́шница
sense_list:
In a kitchen, a surface, often built into the wall and above a cabinet, designed to be used for food preparation.


lexentry: eng/counterbalance__Noun__1
written_rep: counterbalance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противове́с
sense_list:
(literally) A weight that is put in opposition to an equal weight so it keeps that in balance. | (figuratively) A force or influence that balances, checks or limits an opposite one.


lexentry: eng/counterculture__Noun__1
written_rep: counterculture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контркульту́ра
sense_list:
Any culture whose values and lifestyles are opposed to those of the established mainstream culture, especially to Western culture.


lexentry: eng/counterespionage__Noun__1
written_rep: counterespionage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контрразве́дка | контршпиона́ж
sense_list:
All those activities undertaken to neutralize or exploit the espionage activities of another nation or an enemy.


lexentry: eng/counterexample__Noun__1
written_rep: counterexample
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контрприме́р
sense_list:
(logic) An example that counters a general rule; an exception to a general rule; a specific instance of the falsity of (and falsifiability of) any proposed universal applicability of a rule or statement.


lexentry: eng/counterfeit__Adjective__1
written_rep: counterfeit
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контрафа́ктный | подде́льный | фальши́вый
sense_list:
False, especially of money; intended to deceive or carry appearance of being genuine. | Inauthentic.


lexentry: eng/countermand__Verb__1
written_rep: countermand
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: аннули́ровать | отмени́ть | отменя́ть
sense_list:
To revoke (a former command); to cancel or rescind by giving an order contrary to one previously given.


lexentry: eng/countermeasure__Noun__1
written_rep: countermeasure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контрме́ра
sense_list:
Any action taken to counteract or correct another. | (military, mostly, in the plural) Any of the devices and techniques used to impair the operational effectiveness of an enemy.


lexentry: eng/counterpoint__Noun__1
written_rep: counterpoint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: контрапу́нкт
sense_list:
(music) A melody added to an existing one, especially one added to provide harmony whilst each retains its simultaneous identity; a composition consisting of such contrapuntal melodies.


lexentry: eng/countersign__Verb__1
written_rep: countersign
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: контрассигнова́ть
sense_list:
(transitive, by extension) To add a second signature to a document, affirming the validity of the signature of another person.


lexentry: eng/countertrade__Noun__1
written_rep: countertrade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[встречный|встре́чная]] [[торго́вля]]
sense_list:
(international trade) Exchange of goods or services that are paid for, in whole or part, with other goods or services.


lexentry: eng/countervailing_duty__Noun__1
written_rep: countervailing duty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[компенсационный|компенсацио́нная]] [[по́шлина]]
sense_list:
A duty levied on an imported article to offset the unfair price advantage it holds due to a subsidy paid to producers or exporters by the government of the exporting country if such imports cause or threaten injury to a domestic industry.


lexentry: eng/counterweight__Noun__1
written_rep: counterweight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: противове́с
sense_list:
A heavy mass of often iron or concrete, mechanically linked in opposition to a load which is to be raised and lowered, with the intent of reducing the amount of work which must be done to effect the raising and lowering. Counterweights are used, for example, in cable-hauled elevators and some kinds of movable bridges (e.g. a bascule bridge).


lexentry: eng/country__Noun__1
written_rep: country
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: край | страна́ | госуда́рство | держа́ва
sense_list:
The territory of a nation, especially an independent nation state or formerly independent nation; a political entity asserting ultimate authority over a geographical area; a sovereign state. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/country__Noun__1
written_rep: country
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: край | страна́ | земля́ | страна
sense_list:
A set region of land having particular human occupation or agreed limits, especially inhabited by members of the same race, speakers of the same language etc., or associated with a given person, occupation, species etc. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/country__Noun__1
written_rep: country
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: дере́вня | прови́нция | село́
sense_list:
(uncountable, usually preceded by “the”) A rural area, as opposed to a town or city; the countryside. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/country_club__Noun__1
written_rep: country club
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: за́городный клуб
sense_list:
A private club in a rural area or in the outskirts of a town, offering recreational sports activities.


lexentry: eng/country_house__Noun__1
written_rep: country house
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: дача
sense_list:
(British) A weekend and holiday residence, located outside of urban areas, used as a retreat from city life.


lexentry: eng/country_music__Noun__1
written_rep: country music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́нтри
sense_list:
(music) A style of popular music that originated in the folk music of the rural population of the southern and western United States and characterized by string-band instruments and simple melodies.


lexentry: eng/county__Noun__1
written_rep: county
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: гра́фство | о́круг | уе́зд
sense_list:
An administrative or geographical region of various countries, including Bhutan, Canada, China, Croatia, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Romania, South Korea, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and 47 of the 50 United States (excluding Alaska, Connecticut, and Louisiana).


lexentry: eng/coup_d'état__Noun__1
written_rep: coup d'état
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: путч | [[госуда́рственный]] [[переворо́т]] | госпереворо́т | переворо́т
sense_list:
(politics, government) The sudden overthrow of a government, differing from a revolution by being carried out by a small group of people who replace only the leading figures.


lexentry: eng/couple__Noun__1
written_rep: couple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: па́ра | по́люс
sense_list:
One of the pairs of plates of two metals which compose a voltaic battery, called a voltaic couple or galvanic couple.


lexentry: eng/coupling__Noun__1
written_rep: coupling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: соедине́ние | стыко́вка | сце́пка
sense_list:
The act of joining together to form a couple. | A link between the performance of an action and the location where that action occurs or the method used to perform that action.


lexentry: eng/coupling__Noun__1
written_rep: coupling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: конта́кт
sense_list:
(electronics) A connection between two electronic circuits such that a signal can pass between them.


lexentry: eng/coupon__Noun__1
written_rep: coupon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ва́учер | купо́н | тало́н
sense_list:
A section of a ticket, showing the holder to be entitled to some specified accommodation or service, as to a passage over a designated line of travel, a particular seat in a theater, a discount, etc. | A voucher issued by a manufacturer or retailer which offers a discount on a particular product.


lexentry: eng/coupon__Noun__1
written_rep: coupon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: купо́н
sense_list:
(finance, obsolete) A certificate of interest due, printed at the bottom of transferable bonds (state, railroad, etc.), given for a term of years, designed to be cut off and presented for payment when the interest is due; an interest warrant. | (finance) Any interest payment made or due on a bond, debenture or similar (no longer by a physical coupon).


lexentry: eng/courage__Noun__1
written_rep: courage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: хра́брость | му́жество | отва́га | сме́лость
sense_list:
The quality of being confident, not afraid or easily intimidated, but without being incautious or inconsiderate.


lexentry: eng/course__Noun__1
written_rep: course
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: курс
sense_list:
(especially in, _, medicine) A treatment plan. | (nautical) The direction of movement of a vessel at any given moment. | (navigation) The intended passage of voyage, such as a boat, ship, airplane, spaceship, etc. | The itinerary of a race.


lexentry: eng/course__Verb__1
written_rep: course
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: гна́ться | гнать | пресле́довать
sense_list:
(transitive) To pursue by tracking or estimating the course taken by one's prey; to follow or chase after. | (transitive) To cause to chase after or pursue game.


lexentry: eng/course_credit__Noun__1
written_rep: course credit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кредит
sense_list:
(education, academics) A unit for measuring the amount of academic studies of which exact definition varies by learning institution. Typically, there is a minimum number of course credits required as a precondition for graduation.


lexentry: eng/coursebook__Noun__1
written_rep: coursebook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: пособие
sense_list:
A textbook, a book designed to accompany a specific academic course, or one specified by the writers of the course to be read by its students.


lexentry: eng/courser__Noun__1
written_rep: courser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: бегунки́ | бегуно́к
sense_list:
Any of several species of terrestrial bird in the genera Cursorius or Rhinoptilus of the family Glareolidae.


lexentry: eng/coursework__Noun__1
written_rep: coursework
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: курсова́я рабо́та
sense_list:
Work carried out by students of a particular course; it is assessed and counts towards the grade given.


lexentry: eng/court__Noun__1
written_rep: court
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двор
sense_list:
An enclosed space; a courtyard; an uncovered area shut in by the walls of a building, or by different buildings; also, a space opening from a street and nearly surrounded by houses; a blind alley. | The collective body of persons composing the retinue of a sovereign or person high in authority; all the surroundings of a sovereign in his regal state.


lexentry: eng/court__Noun__1
written_rep: court
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: суд | корт | двор | площа́дка | трибуна́л
sense_list:
The persons officially assembled under authority of law, at the appropriate time and place, for the administration of justice; an official assembly, legally met together for the transaction of judicial business; a judge or judges sitting for the hearing or trial of cases.


lexentry: eng/court__Noun__1
written_rep: court
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: корт | площа́дка
sense_list:
(sports) A place arranged for playing the games of tennis, basketball, handball, badminton, volleyball, squash and some other games


lexentry: eng/court_jester__Noun__1
written_rep: court jester
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: шут | пая́ц
sense_list:
A person in colorful garb and fool's cap who amused a medieval and early modern royal or noble court.


lexentry: eng/court_martial__Noun__1
written_rep: court martial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[вое́нный]] суд | трибуна́л
sense_list:
(legal, military) A court where cases of military law are heard. | (legal, military) A trial before such a tribunal.


lexentry: eng/court_of_cassation__Noun__1
written_rep: court of cassation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кассацио́нный суд
sense_list:
(legal) In many legal systems, the highest-level court of appeal in procedural matters, which is asked to squash a verdict but then refers the case back for a new court case at the previous level.


lexentry: eng/court_order__Noun__1
written_rep: court order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: распоряже́ние суда́
sense_list:
(legal) A written command, issued by a judge, requiring whomever it is served upon to do whatever the order says, under penalty of being held in contempt of court.


lexentry: eng/courtesan__Noun__1
written_rep: courtesan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: куртиза́нка
sense_list:
A female prostitute, especially one with high-status or wealthy clients. | (dated) The mistress of a royal or noble.


lexentry: eng/courtesy__Noun__1
written_rep: courtesy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ве́жливость
sense_list:
(countable) A polite gesture or remark, especially as opposed to an obligation or standard practice.


lexentry: eng/courtship__Noun__1
written_rep: courtship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: уха́живание
sense_list:
The act of wooing a person to enter into a romantic relationship or marriage; hence, the period during which a couple fall in love before their marriage.


lexentry: eng/cousin__Noun__1
written_rep: cousin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: двою́родная сестра́ | двою́родный брат | кузе́н | кузи́на
sense_list:
(specifically) When used without a qualifying word: the child of a person's parent's brother (that is, an uncle) or sister (an aunt); a cousin-german, a first cousin.


lexentry: eng/cousin__Noun__1
written_rep: cousin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ро́дственник | ро́дственница
sense_list:
Chiefly with a qualifying word: Any relation (especially a distant one) who is not a direct ancestor or descendant but part of a person's extended family; a kinsman or kinswoman.


lexentry: eng/covalent_bond__Noun__1
written_rep: covalent bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ковале́нтная связь
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) A type of chemical bond where two atoms are connected to each other by the sharing of two or more electrons.


lexentry: eng/covariance__Noun__1
written_rep: covariance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ковариа́ция | ковариация
sense_list:
(statistics) A statistical measure defined as \scriptstyle\operatorname{Cov}(X, Y) = \operatorname{E}((X - \mu) (Y - \nu)) given two real-valued random variables X and Y, with expected values \scriptstyle E(X)\,=\,\mu and \scriptstyle E(Y)\,=\,\nu.


lexentry: eng/covariance__Noun__1
written_rep: covariance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ковариантность
sense_list:
(object-oriented programming) The conversion of data types from wider to narrower in certain situations.


lexentry: eng/covariant__Adjective__1
written_rep: covariant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ковариантный
sense_list:
(category theory, of a functor) Which preserves the order of morphism composition: formally, which associates each morphism f:X \to Y to a morphism F(f):F(X) \to F(Y). | (object-oriented programming) Using or relating to covariance.


lexentry: eng/cove__Noun__1
written_rep: cove
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: бу́хточка
sense_list:
A small coastal inlet, especially one having high cliffs protecting vessels from prevailing winds;bight. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/cover__Noun__1
written_rep: cover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: укры́тие
sense_list:
(uncountable) Area or situation which screens a person or thing from view. | (military) A solid object, including terrain, that provides protection from enemy fire. | The portion of a slate, tile, or shingle that is hidden by the overlap of the course above.


lexentry: eng/cover__Noun__1
written_rep: cover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: обло́жка | обложка
sense_list:
(music) A new performance or rerecording of a previously recorded song; a cover version; a cover song.


lexentry: eng/cover__Verb__1
written_rep: cover
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: закры́ть | закрыва́ть | накры́ть | накрыва́ть | покры́ть | покрыва́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To place something over or upon, as to conceal or protect. | (transitive) To be over or upon, as to conceal or protect. | (military, law enforcement) To protect using an aimed firearm and the threat of firing; or to protect using continuous, heaving fire at or in the direction of the enemy so as to force the enemy to remain in cover; or to threaten using an aimed firearm.


lexentry: eng/cover__Verb__1
written_rep: cover
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 19
trans_list: прое́хать | пройти́ | пролете́ть | проплы́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To extend over a given period of time or range, to occupy, to stretch over a given area. | (transitive) To traverse or put behind a certain distance.


lexentry: eng/cover_letter__Noun__1
written_rep: cover letter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: сопроводи́тельное письмо́
sense_list:
A letter or written communication that serves to introduce an accompanying document; especially, a letter that introduces a résumé or curriculum vitae.


lexentry: eng/cover_story__Noun__1
written_rep: cover story
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (media) A story included in a publication that is highlighted on the front cover.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
[[главный|гла́вная]] [[статья́]] | [[заглавный|загла́вная]] [[исто́рия]] | [[те́ма]] [[номер|но́мера]]


lexentry: eng/cover_version__Noun__1
written_rep: cover version
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ка́вер | кавер-ве́рсия | перепе́вка
sense_list:
(music) A version of a song that is a new performance or rerecording of that song by a different artist.


lexentry: eng/coverage__Noun__1
written_rep: coverage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: освеще́ние
sense_list:
(journalism) The amount and type of attention given to an event or topic in news media or other media.


lexentry: eng/coverall__Noun__1
written_rep: coverall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: комбинация
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) A loose-fitting jumpsuit-style protective garment worn over other clothing.


lexentry: eng/covering__Noun__1
written_rep: covering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: покров
sense_list:
(countable) That which covers or conceals; a cover; something spread or laid over or wrapped about another.


lexentry: eng/covet__Verb__1
written_rep: covet
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[си́льно]] [[жела́ть]] | домога́ться | жажда́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive) To yearn; to have or indulge an inordinate desire, especially for another's possession.


lexentry: eng/covey__Noun__1
written_rep: covey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вы́водок
sense_list:
A brood or family of partridges (family Phasianidae), which includes game birds such as grouse (tribe Tetraonini) and ptarmigans (tribe Tetraonini, genus Lagopus).


lexentry: eng/covidiot__Noun__1
written_rep: covidiot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ковидиот
sense_list:
(pejorative, jocular, neologism) A person who is foolishly reckless with respect to avoiding contracting or spreading COVID-19.


lexentry: eng/cow__Noun__1
written_rep: cow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: бык | коро́ва
sense_list:
(loosely, or, informal) Any member of the species Bos taurus regardless of sex or age, including bulls and calves.


lexentry: eng/cow__Noun__1
written_rep: cow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: коро́ва | корова
sense_list:
(biology) A female member of other large species of mammal, including the bovines, moose, whales, seals, hippos, rhinos, manatees, and elephants. | (derogatory, UK, Irish, informal) A woman considered unpleasant in some way, particularly one considered nasty, stupid, fat, lazy, or difficult.


lexentry: eng/cow_eyes__Noun__1
written_rep: cow eyes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: влюблённый взор | глазок
sense_list:
(US, informal) A wide-eyed expression meant to discreetly signal otherwise unstated romantic attraction to the one it is directed at.


lexentry: eng/cowboy__Noun__1
written_rep: cowboy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ковбо́й
sense_list:
A man who identifies with cowboy culture, including wearing a cowboy hat and being a fan of country and western music.


lexentry: eng/cowboy_hat__Noun__1
written_rep: cowboy hat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[ковбойский|ковбо́йская]] [[шля́па]]
sense_list:
A broad-brimmed hat worn by cowboys, ranchers, and farmers, common in the western United States and Mexico.


lexentry: eng/cowcatcher__Noun__1
written_rep: cowcatcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: путеочиститель | скотоотбрасыватель
sense_list:
(rail transport, principally, _, US) A plough-shaped device affixed to the front of a locomotive (or other large vehicle), usually wedge or V-shaped so as to push or deflect objects on the tracks out of the way, to clear out the train's path and prevent the risk of derailment or major damage to it.


lexentry: eng/cowgirl_position__Noun__1
written_rep: cowgirl position
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: женщина сверху | поза амазонки | поза наездницы | шангей
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A sex position in which the man lies on his back, and the woman sits on top of him facing him.


lexentry: eng/cowlick__Noun__1
written_rep: cowlick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вихор
sense_list:
An unruly lock or section of hair that sticks straight out from the skull or lies at an angle at odds with the rest of an individual's hair, like a whorl or vortex.


lexentry: eng/cowpox__Noun__1
written_rep: cowpox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вакци́на | коро́вья о́спа
sense_list:
A pustular, eruptive skin disease of cattle caused by an Orthopoxvirus, with lesions occurring principally on the udder and teats. Human infection may occur from touching cows, and gives immunity to smallpox.


lexentry: eng/coxswain__Noun__1
written_rep: coxswain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: штурман
sense_list:
(rowing) The member of a crew who steers the shell and coordinates the power and rhythm of the rowers.


lexentry: eng/coypu__Noun__1
written_rep: coypu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ну́трия | нутрия
sense_list:
A large, crepuscular, semiaquatic rodent (Myocastor coypus) resembling a large rat, having bright orange-yellow incisors, native to South America and introduced to Europe, Asia and North America, valued for its fur in eastern Europe and central Asia and considered a pest elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/cozen__Verb__2
written_rep: cozen
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: моро́чить | надува́ть | обма́нывать
sense_list:
(archaic) To cheat; to defraud; to deceive, usually by small arts, or in a pitiful way. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/crab_cake__Noun__1
written_rep: crab cake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кра́бовая котле́та
sense_list:
A type of fishcake popular in the United States composed of crab meat and various other ingredients such as bread crumbs, milk, mayonnaise, eggs and seasonings.


lexentry: eng/crabgrass__Noun__1
written_rep: crabgrass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: роси́чка
sense_list:
Those members of the genus Digitaria, grasses of tropical to temperate climates, which are pests of lawns, mainly from their invasive habits and the fact they die off in the fall and winter, leaving bare patches.


lexentry: eng/crack__Noun__1
written_rep: crack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: щель | щёлка
sense_list:
(slang) Crack cocaine, a potent, relatively cheap, addictive variety of cocaine; often a rock, usually smoked through a crack-pipe. | (Northern England, Scotland, Ireland) Business; events; news. | (hydrodynamics, US, dated) An expanding circle of white water surrounding the site of a large explosion at shallow depth, marking the progress of the shock wave through the air above the water.A nuclear explosion in shallow water; the crack is clearly visible on the water's surface.


lexentry: eng/crack__Verb__1
written_rep: crack
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: лома́ться
sense_list:
(intransitive, of a pubescent boy's voice) To alternate between high and low register in the process of eventually lowering.


lexentry: eng/crack_down__Verb__1
written_rep: crack down
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: подави́ть | подавля́ть
sense_list:
(idiomatic, often with 'on') To take harsh action (against), as when enforcing a law more stringently than before.


lexentry: eng/cracker__Noun__1
written_rep: cracker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кре́кер | суха́рь | сухо́е пече́нье
sense_list:
A dry, thin, crispy baked bread (usually salty or savoury, but sometimes sweet, as in the case of graham crackers and animal crackers).


lexentry: eng/cradle__Noun__1
written_rep: cradle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: колыбе́ль | колыбель
sense_list:
(figuratively) The place of origin, or in which anything is nurtured or protected in the earlier period of existence.


lexentry: eng/cradle__Noun__1
written_rep: cradle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ви́лка | гнездо́ | рыча́г
sense_list:
An implement consisting of a broad scythe for cutting grain, with a set of long fingers parallel to the scythe, designed to receive the grain, and to lay it evenly in a swath. | A rest for the receiver of a telephone, or for certain computer hardware.


lexentry: eng/craft__Noun__1
written_rep: craft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: иску́сство | сноро́вка | уме́ние | хи́трость
sense_list:
Ability, skilfulness, especially skill in making plans and carrying them into execution; dexterity in managing affairs, adroitness, practical cunning; ingenuity in constructing, dexterity [9th century].


lexentry: eng/craft__Noun__1
written_rep: craft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ремесло́
sense_list:
(countable, plural crafts) A branch of skilled work or trade, especially one requiring manual dexterity or artistic skill, but sometimes applied equally to any business, calling or profession; the skilled practice of a practical occupation [since the 9th century].


lexentry: eng/cram__Verb__1
written_rep: cram
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: вти́скивать | вти́снуть | запи́хивать | запихну́ть | наби́ть | набива́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To press, force, or drive, particularly in filling, or in thrusting one thing into another; to stuff; to fill to superfluity.


lexentry: eng/cram__Verb__1
written_rep: cram
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: вы́зубрить | зубри́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To put hastily through an extensive course of memorizing or study, as in preparation for an examination.


lexentry: eng/cram_school__Noun__1
written_rep: cram school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ку́рсы | подготови́тельные ку́рсы
sense_list:
(education) A specialized school that trains students to meet particular goals, most commonly to pass the entrance examinations of high schools or universities.


lexentry: eng/crampon__Noun__1
written_rep: crampon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: кошка | шип
sense_list:
An attachment to a shoe or boot that provides traction by means of spikes. Used for climbing or walking on slippery surfaces, especially ice.


lexentry: eng/cranberry_juice__Noun__1
written_rep: cranberry juice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: клю́квенный сок
sense_list:
The unfermented juice of squeezed cranberries, often mixed with water and a sweetener, used as a beverage.


lexentry: eng/crane__Noun__1
written_rep: crane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: жура́вль | журавль | кран
sense_list:
Any bird of the family Gruidae, large birds with long legs and a long neck which is extended during flight.


lexentry: eng/crane__Noun__1
written_rep: crane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: кран | подъёмный кран
sense_list:
A mechanical lifting machine or device, often used for lifting heavy loads for industrial or construction purposes.


lexentry: eng/cranefly__Noun__1
written_rep: cranefly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: долгоно́жка
sense_list:
Any of various large flies of the suborder Tipulomorpha that have slender bodies and very long legs and that resemble giant mosquitoes.


lexentry: eng/cranial_nerve__Noun__1
written_rep: cranial nerve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: че́репно-мозгово́й нерв | черепно́й нерв
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) Any of the twelve paired nerves that originate from the brainstem or base of the brain instead of the spinal cord.


lexentry: eng/cranium__Noun__1
written_rep: cranium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: черепна́я коро́бка
sense_list:
(skeleton) That part of the skull consisting of the bones enclosing the brain, but not including the bones of the face or jaw.


lexentry: eng/crank__Noun__2
written_rep: crank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: изги́б | кривоши́п | крюк | поворо́т | фрик
sense_list:
A bent piece of an axle or shaft, or an attached arm perpendicular, or nearly so, to the end of a shaft or wheel, used to impart a rotation to a wheel or other mechanical device; also used to change circular into reciprocating motion, or reciprocating into circular motion.


lexentry: eng/crap__Interjection__1
written_rep: crap
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: блядь | чёрт
sense_list:
(slang, often, _, vulgar) Expression of worry, fear, shock, surprise, disgust, annoyance, or dismay.


lexentry: eng/crape__Noun__1
written_rep: crape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: креп
sense_list:
Alternative form of crepe (“a thin fabric, paper, or pancake”). | Mourning garments, especially an armband or hatband.


lexentry: eng/crape_myrtle__Noun__1
written_rep: crape myrtle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: лагерстрёмия
sense_list:
Any of the genus Lagerstroemia, family Lythraceae, shrubs or small trees, certain of which are ornamental, bearing big gaudy blooms.


lexentry: eng/crash__Noun__1
written_rep: crash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: [[аварийный|авари́йное]] [[заверше́ние]] | вылета́ние | паде́ние | поло́мка
sense_list:
(computing) A malfunction of computer software or hardware which causes it to shut down or become partially or totally inoperable.


lexentry: eng/crash__Noun__1
written_rep: crash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: крах | колла́пс | прова́л
sense_list:
(finance) A sudden large decline of business or the prices of stocks (especially one that causes additional failures).


lexentry: eng/crash__Verb__1
written_rep: crash
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: гро́хнуть | нагря́нуть | разби́ть | слома́ть
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause something to collide with something else, especially when this results in damage.


lexentry: eng/crash__Verb__1
written_rep: crash
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: переночева́ть
sense_list:
(intransitive, slang) To make or experience informal temporary living arrangements, especially overnight.


lexentry: eng/crash_landing__Noun__1
written_rep: crash landing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: авари́йная поса́дка
sense_list:
The landing of an aircraft or spacecraft in an emergency, either in an inappropriate place or under dangerous circumstances, usually with damage to the aircraft.


lexentry: eng/crash_test__Noun__1
written_rep: crash test
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: краш-тест
sense_list:
A test of crashworthiness, usually involving the controlled crashing of a vehicle with dummies in place of human passengers.


lexentry: eng/crasis__Noun__1
written_rep: crasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: кра́зис
sense_list:
(linguistics) External vowel sandhi; contraction of a vowel or diphthong at the end of a word with a vowel or diphthong at the start of the following word.


