# translation

lexentry: eng/abnegate__Verb__1
written_rep: abnegate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zabraniać
sense_list:
(transitive) To deny (oneself something); to renounce or give up (a right, a power, a claim, a privilege, a convenience). [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormal__Adjective__1
written_rep: abnormal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nienormalny | anormalny
sense_list:
Not conforming to rule or system; deviating from the usual or normal type. [First attested around the mid 19th century.] | Of or pertaining to that which is irregular, in particular, behaviour that deviates from norms of social propriety or accepted standards of mental health. [First attested around the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormality__Noun__1
written_rep: abnormality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anormalność | nienormalność
sense_list:
The state or quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity. [First attested in the mid 19th century.] | Something abnormal; an aberration; an abnormal occurrence or feature. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormally__Adverb__1
written_rep: abnormally
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anormalnie | nienormalnie
sense_list:
In an abnormal manner; in a way that deviates from a standard, norm, or average. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormity__Noun__1
written_rep: abnormity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieregularność
sense_list:
(rare) [First attested in the mid 18th century.] | A monstrosity [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abode__Noun__1
written_rep: abode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: miejsce zamieszkania | sadyba | siedziba
sense_list:
(dated, or, legal) Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn. [Attested from (1350 to 1470) to the mid 18th century.] | (formal) A residence, dwelling or habitation. [First attested from around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abolition__Noun__1
written_rep: abolition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abolicja
sense_list:
The act of abolishing; an annulling; abrogation. [First attested around the early 16th century.] | (historical, often capitalised, UK, US) The ending of the slave trade or of slavery. [First attested around the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolitionism__Noun__1
written_rep: abolitionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abolicjonizm
sense_list:
Support for the abolition of something; the tenets of abolitionists. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolitionist__Noun__1
written_rep: abolitionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abolicjonista | abolicjonistka
sense_list:
A person who favors the abolition of any particular institution or practice. [since the late 18th century]


lexentry: eng/abomasum__Noun__1
written_rep: abomasum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trawieniec
sense_list:
(biology, food) The fourth or digestive compartment of the stomach of a cow or other ruminant, after the omasum;the lining of said compartment, considered as a foodstuff.


lexentry: eng/abominable__Adjective__1
written_rep: abominable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ohydny | niegodziwy | odrażający | plugawy
sense_list:
Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of evil omen; odious in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable; loathsome; execrable. [first attested around 1150 to 1350]


lexentry: eng/abominate__Verb__1
written_rep: abominate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brzydzić
sense_list:
(transitive) To feel disgust towards; to loathe or detest thoroughly; to hate in the highest degree, as if with religious dread. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abonnement__Noun__1
written_rep: abonnement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abonament
sense_list:
A subscription or season ticket in a French-speaking country or another country where abonnement is the local term. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aboriginal__Adjective__1
written_rep: aboriginal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborygeński
sense_list:
First according to historical or scientific records; original; indigenous; primitive. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aborigine__Noun__1
written_rep: aborigine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborygen | autochton | krajowiec | tubylec
sense_list:
A native inhabitant of a country; a member of the original people. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aborning__Adverb__1
written_rep: aborning
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w powijakach
sense_list:
(chiefly, North America) That is in the process of being born; coming into existence; before coming to completion. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abortifacient__Noun__1
written_rep: abortifacient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: daremny
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug or an agent that induces an abortion. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abortion__Noun__1
written_rep: abortion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborcja | abort
sense_list:
An induced abortion. | (medicine) The expulsion from the womb of a foetus or embryo before it is fully developed, with loss of the foetus.[from 16th c.] | (biology) Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abortionist__Noun__1
written_rep: abortionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborcjonista | aborcjonistka | aborter
sense_list:
(now, sometimes, offensive) A person who performs abortions, especially illegally or secretly. [from 1844]


lexentry: eng/abortive__Adjective__1
written_rep: abortive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborcyjny
sense_list:
(obsolete) Produced by abortion; born prematurely and therefore unnatural. [c. 1400–mid 1700s] | (medicine, pharmaceutical effect, rare) Causing abortion; abortifacient.


lexentry: eng/about__Adverb__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: około | niemal | prawie
sense_list:
Nearly; approximately; with close correspondence in quality, manner, degree, quantity, or time; almost. [from before 1150]


lexentry: eng/about__Adverb__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: wstecz
sense_list:
To a reversed order; half round; facing in the opposite direction; from a contrary point of view. [from ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/about__Adverb__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: wkoło
sense_list:
(archaic) In circuit; circularly; by a circuitous way; around the outside; in circumference. [from ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/about__Preposition__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ponad
sense_list:
Over or upon different parts of; through or over in various directions; here and there in; to and fro in; throughout. [from ca. 1150–1350]


lexentry: eng/about__Preposition__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: o
sense_list:
Concerning; with regard to; on account of; on the subject of; to affect. [from ca. 1150–1350] | Concerned with; engaged in; intent on. [from ca. 1150–1350]


lexentry: eng/about__Preposition__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: przy
sense_list:
(figurative) In or near, as in mental faculties or (literally) in the possession of; under the control of; at one's command; in one's makeup. [from ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/about_to__Phrase__1
written_rep: about to
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: właśnie | zaraz
sense_list:
(idiomatic, with infinitive verb) Indicates something that will happen very soon; indicates action that is imminent.


lexentry: eng/above__Adjective__1
written_rep: above
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: powyższy
sense_list:
(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page. [first attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/above__Adverb__1
written_rep: above
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: powyżej
sense_list:
Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go. [first attested before 1150.]


lexentry: eng/abracadabra__Noun__1
written_rep: abracadabra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abrakadabra
sense_list:
A use of the mystical term ‘abracadabra’, supposed to work as part of a healing charm or a magical spell; any spell or incantation making use of the word. [from 16th c.] | Mumbo jumbo; obscure language or technicalities; jargon. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
written_rep: abrasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abrazja
sense_list:
The act of abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing away by friction. [First attested in the mid 17th century.] | (geology) The effect of mechanical erosion of rock, especially a river bed, by rock fragments scratching and scraping it. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
written_rep: abrasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: przetarcie | abrazja
sense_list:
(medicine) A superficial wound caused by scraping; an area of skin where the cells on the surface have been scraped or worn away. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion_platform__Noun__1
written_rep: abrasion platform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: platforma abrazyjna
sense_list:
(geology) A sloping or nearly flat bedrock surface extending out from the foot of a marine cliff under shallow water of a breaker (wave) zone, that was created by marine abrasion.


lexentry: eng/abrasive__Adjective__1
written_rep: abrasive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szorstki
sense_list:
Being rough and coarse in manner or disposition; overly aggressive and causing irritation. [First attested in 1925.]


lexentry: eng/abrasive__Noun__1
written_rep: abrasive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ścierny
sense_list:
A hard inorganic substance or material consisting in powder or granule form such as sandpaper, pumice, or emery, used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abreact__Verb__1
written_rep: abreact
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odreagować
sense_list:
(transitive, psychoanalysis) To eliminate previously repressed emotions by reliving past experiences. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abridge__Verb__1
written_rep: abridge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ograniczać
sense_list:
(transitive) To make shorter; to shorten in duration or extent. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abridge__Verb__1
written_rep: abridge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: skracać
sense_list:
(transitive) To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet retaining the sense; to epitomize; to condense[First attested in 1384.]. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abridgment__Noun__1
written_rep: abridgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wyjście
sense_list:
(US) An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or abridged form; an abbreviation. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abrogate__Verb__1
written_rep: abrogate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abrogować
sense_list:
(transitive, law) To annul by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the maker or her or his successor; to repeal; — applied to the repeal of laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs, etc. [First attested in the early 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrupt__Adjective__1
written_rep: abrupt
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nagłe | nagły
sense_list:
Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrupt__Adjective__1
written_rep: abrupt
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: nagły
sense_list:
Having sudden transitions from one subject or state to another; unconnected; disjointed. [First attested in the late 16th century.] | Extremely steep or craggy as if broken up; precipitous. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abruptly__Adverb__1
written_rep: abruptly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nagle | bezceremonialnie | improwizując | raptem
sense_list:
In an abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual forms; suddenly; precipitously. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscess__Noun__1
written_rep: abscess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ropień | absces
sense_list:
(pathology) A cavity caused by tissue destruction, usually because of infection, filled with pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscise__Verb__1
written_rep: abscise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: chudnąć
sense_list:
(intransitive, botany) To separate by means of abscission; to shed or drop off. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscissa__Noun__1
written_rep: abscissa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odcięta | abscysa
sense_list:
(geometry) The first of the two terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of fixed rectilinear coordinate (Cartesian coordinate) axes. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absence__Noun__1
written_rep: absence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: absencja | nieobecność
sense_list:
Failure to be present where one is expected, wanted, or needed; nonattendance; deficiency. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absence__Noun__1
written_rep: absence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: nieobecność
sense_list:
Inattention to things present; abstraction (of mind). [First attested in the early 18th century.] | (fencing) Lack of contact between blades.


lexentry: eng/absence_makes_the_heart_grow_fonder__Proverb__1
written_rep: absence makes the heart grow fonder
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krótkie rozstania scalają związki
sense_list:
(idiom) When someone or something is far away, one realizes how much one loves or misses them or it.


lexentry: eng/absence_of_mind__Noun__1
written_rep: absence of mind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieobecność
sense_list:
A state or the quality of being absent-minded (abstracted, preoccupied). [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent-minded__Adjective__1
written_rep: absent-minded
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: roztargniony
sense_list:
Absent in mind; often preoccupied; forgetful or careless due to distraction; easily distracted. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent-mindedness__Noun__1
written_rep: absent-mindedness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: roztargnienie
sense_list:
The characteristic or state of being easily distracted or preoccupied. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent__Adjective__1
written_rep: absent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieobecny
sense_list:
(not comparable) Being away from a place; withdrawn from a place; not present; missing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (not comparable) Not existing; lacking. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (comparable) Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded; preoccupied. [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absentee__Noun__1
written_rep: absentee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieobecny
sense_list:
A person who is absent from his or her employment, school, post, duty, etc. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absenteeism__Noun__1
written_rep: absenteeism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absencja
sense_list:
The state of being absent, especially frequently or without good reason; the practice of an absentee. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absinthe__Noun__1
written_rep: absinthe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: absynt | piołunówka | zielona wróżka
sense_list:
A distilled, highly alcoholic, anise-flavored liquor originally made from grande wormwood, anise, and other herbs. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/absinthin__Noun__1
written_rep: absinthin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absyntyna
sense_list:
(organic compound) The principal compound found in wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), having a bitter taste: C15H20O4


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
written_rep: absolute
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutny | bezwarunkowy | bezwzględny
sense_list:
Free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions; unconditional. [first attested in the late 1400s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
written_rep: absolute
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: absolutny
sense_list:
Free from imperfection, perfect, complete; especially, perfectly embodying a quality in its essential characteristics or to its highest degree. [first attested around 1400] | (especially, philosophy) Fundamental, ultimate, intrinsic; not relative; independent of references or relations to other things or standards. [first attested in the late 1700s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
written_rep: absolute
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: bezwzględny
sense_list:
(grammar) Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence; not in a syntactical relation with other parts of a text, or qualifying the text as a whole rather than any single word in it, like "it being over" in "it being over, she left". [first attested around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Noun__1
written_rep: absolute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: absolut
sense_list:
(philosophy, usually capitalized, usually preceded by "the") A realm which exists without reference to anything else; that which can be imagined purely by itself; absolute ego. | (chemistry) A concentrated natural flower oil, used for perfumes; an alcoholic extract of a concrete.


lexentry: eng/absolute_music__Noun__1
written_rep: absolute music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: muzyka absolutna
sense_list:
Instrumental music having an intellectual and affective content, which depends solely on its rhythmic, melodic, and contrapuntal structure.


lexentry: eng/absolute_value__Noun__1
written_rep: absolute value
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wartość bezwzględna
sense_list:
(mathematics) For a complex number a+bi, the principal square root of the sum of the squares of its real and imaginary parts, \sqrt{a^2+b^2}. Denoted by | |.


lexentry: eng/absolute_zero__Noun__1
written_rep: absolute zero
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zero bezwzględne
sense_list:
(physics) The coldest possible temperature, zero on the Kelvin scale, or approximately −273.15 °C, −459.67 °F; total absence of heat; temperature at which motion of all molecules would cease. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absoluteness__Noun__1
written_rep: absoluteness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutność
sense_list:
(obsolete) The fact of being finished or perfected; completeness. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the 17th century.] | The fact of being without qualifications or conditions; certainty, unconditionality. [First attested in the 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
written_rep: absolution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolucja | rozgrzeszenie
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical) An absolving of sins from ecclesiastical penalties by an authority. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.] | The form of words by which a penitent is absolved. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | An absolving, or setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty; forgiveness of an offense. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (civil, _, legal, obsolete) An acquittal, or sentence of a judge declaring an accused person innocent. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolutism__Noun__1
written_rep: absolutism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: absolutyzm
sense_list:
(political science, sociology) The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; despotism. [First attested in the early 19th century.] | (philosophy) Belief in a metaphysical absolute; belief in Absolute. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolutist__Noun__1
written_rep: absolutist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutysta | absolutystka
sense_list:
One who is in favor of an absolute or autocratic government. [from mid 19th c.] | (metaphysics) One who believes that it is possible to realize a cognition or concept of the Absolute. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/absolutive__Adjective__1
written_rep: absolutive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutywny
sense_list:
(grammar) Of or pertaining to the grammatical case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb’s action.


lexentry: eng/absolutive_case__Noun__1
written_rep: absolutive case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutyw
sense_list:
(grammatical case) case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb’s action. The absolutive case is used to mark the subject of an intransitive verb, as well as the object of a transitive verb (inasmuch as they are codified in the English nominative-accusative system). Some languages that employ the absolutive case include Abkhaz, Basque, Chechen, Dyirbal, Hindi, Inuktitut, Hiligaynon, and Yup'ik.


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
written_rep: absolve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: absolwować | rozgrzeszać | rozgrzeszyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To pronounce free from or give absolution for a penalty, blame, or guilt. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorb__Verb__1
written_rep: absorb
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbować | wchłaniać | zaabsorbować | chłonąć | pochłaniać | pochłonąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To include so that it no longer has separate existence; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if by swallowing up; to incorporate; to assimilate; to take in and use up. [first attested c. 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absorbed__Adjective__1
written_rep: absorbed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pochłonięty
sense_list:
Fully occupied with one's thoughts; engrossed. [First attested in the mid 18th century.] | (Of something) That has been taken in, engulfed, imbibed, or assimilated. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorbency__Noun__1
written_rep: absorbency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbancja
sense_list:
The quality of being absorbent. | (physics) The ratio of the absorbance or optical density of a substance to that of a similar body of pure solvent.


lexentry: eng/absorbent__Adjective__1
written_rep: absorbent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbujący | absorpcyjny | chłonny | pochłanający | wchłanający
sense_list:
Having the ability or tendency to absorb; able to soak up liquid easily; absorptive. [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorber__Noun__1
written_rep: absorber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbent | absorber | pochłaniacz
sense_list:
A device which causes gas or vapor to be absorbed by a liquid. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorptiometer__Noun__1
written_rep: absorptiometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorpcjometr
sense_list:
An instrument that computes the absorption rate by measuring the pressure of the gas; a colorimeter for liquids. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption__Noun__1
written_rep: absorption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorpcja
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) the imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action, of radiant energy; the process of being neutrons being absorbed by the nucleus; interception. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption__Noun__1
written_rep: absorption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyswajanie | absorpcja
sense_list:
(physiology) in living organisms, the process by which the materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed and conveyed to the tissues and organs; taking in by various means, such as by osmosis. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorptive__Adjective__1
written_rep: absorptive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbujący | chłonny | pochłanający | wchłanający
sense_list:
Having power, capacity, or tendency to absorb or imbibe; absorbent. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstain__Verb__1
written_rep: abstain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: powstrzymać | powstrzymywać | wstrzymać | wstrzymywać
sense_list:
(intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstainer__Noun__1
written_rep: abstainer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstynent | abstynentka
sense_list:
Agent noun of abstain; one who abstains; especially, one who abstains from something, such as the use of alcohol or drugs, or one who abstains for religious reasons; one who practices self-denial. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstention__Noun__1
written_rep: abstention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstynencja
sense_list:
(obsolete) The act of restraining oneself. [Attested from the early 16th century until the med 17th century.] | The act of abstaining or refraining (from). [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
written_rep: abstinence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstynencja
sense_list:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating/alcoholic beverages; total abstinence; teetotalism). [First attested around 1150 to 1350.] | (business) Delay of spending to accrue capital.


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
written_rep: abstinence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstynencja | wstrzemięźliwość
sense_list:
The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
written_rep: abstinence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wstrzemięźliwość | abstynencja
sense_list:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from sexual intercourse, either permanently or until marriage. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinent__Adjective__1
written_rep: abstinent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wstrzemięźliwy
sense_list:
Refraining from indulgence, especially from the indulgence of appetite. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Adjective__1
written_rep: abstract
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: abstrakcyjny
sense_list:
Apart from practice or reality; vague; theoretical; impersonal; not applied. | Difficult to understand; abstruse; hard to conceptualize. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (arts, often, capitalized) Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20th century. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Verb__1
written_rep: abstract
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrahować | odciągać | odciągnąć | wyabstrahować
sense_list:
To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality.


lexentry: eng/abstract__Verb__1
written_rep: abstract
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odciągać | odciągnąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To draw off (interest or attention). | (transitive) To separate; to disengage. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (transitive, euphemistic) To steal; to take away; to remove without permission. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract_algebra__Noun__1
written_rep: abstract algebra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algebra abstrakcyjna
sense_list:
(mathematics) The branch of mathematics concerned with algebraic structures, such as groups, rings, and fields.


lexentry: eng/abstracted__Adjective__1
written_rep: abstracted
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: pochłonięty
sense_list:
Inattentive to surrounding objects; absent in mind; meditative. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstraction__Noun__1
written_rep: abstraction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: abstrakcja
sense_list:
The act of focusing on one characteristic of an object rather than the object as a whole group of characteristics; the act of separating said qualities from the object or ideas. [First attested in the late 16th century.] | The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities; the act of generalizing characteristics; the product of said generalization. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstractionism__Noun__1
written_rep: abstractionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrakcjonizm
sense_list:
The creation, principles, or ideals of abstractions, in particular art. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstractionist__Noun__1
written_rep: abstractionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrakcjonista | abstrakcjonistka
sense_list:
An idealist. [First attested in the mid 19th century.] | (art) Someone who supports or creates abstract art.


lexentry: eng/abstractive__Adjective__1
written_rep: abstractive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrakcyjny
sense_list:
Having an abstracting nature or tendency; tending to separate; tending to be withdrawn. [First attested in the late 15th century.] | Derived by abstraction; belonging to abstraction. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurd__Adjective__1
written_rep: absurd
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absurdalny | niedorzeczny | bezsensowny
sense_list:
Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/absurdism__Noun__1
written_rep: absurdism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absurdyzm
sense_list:
(uncountable, philosophy) A philosophy which holds that the universe is chaotic and irrational and that any attempt to impose order will ultimately fail. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdist__Noun__1
written_rep: absurdist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absurdalista | absurdysta
sense_list:
An advocate of absurdism, in particular a writer of absurd topics. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdity__Noun__1
written_rep: absurdity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absurd | bezsens
sense_list:
(countable) That which is absurd; an absurd action; a logical contradiction. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdity__Noun__1
written_rep: absurdity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: absurdalność | bezsensowność | niedorzeczność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment. [First attested in the early 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abulia__Noun__1
written_rep: abulia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abulia
sense_list:
(psychiatry) Absence of willpower or decisiveness, especially as a symptom of mental illness. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abundance__Noun__1
written_rep: abundance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obfitość
sense_list:
An overflowing fullness or ample sufficiency; profusion; copious supply; superfluity; plentifulness. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abundant__Adjective__1
written_rep: abundant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obfity
sense_list:
Fully sufficient; found in copious supply; in great quantity; overflowing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abundant_number__Noun__1
written_rep: abundant number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczba bogata
sense_list:
(number theory) A number that is less than the sum of its proper divisors (all divisors except the number itself).


lexentry: eng/abundantly__Adverb__1
written_rep: abundantly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obficie
sense_list:
In an abundant manner; in a sufficient degree; in large measure. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Noun__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nadużycie | molestowanie
sense_list:
Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom. [from around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Noun__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: obraza | zniewaga
sense_list:
Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Verb__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gwałcić | maltretować | zgwałcić | zmaltretować | znęcać się
sense_list:
(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert [from around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Verb__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: gwałcić | zgwałcić
sense_list:
(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate. [from around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/abusiveness__Noun__1
written_rep: abusiveness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abuzywność
sense_list:
The quality of being abusive; rudeness of language, or violence to the person. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abut__Verb__1
written_rep: abut
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osiągać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To touch by means of a mutual border, edge or end; to border on; to lie adjacent (to); to be contiguous (said of an area of land) [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abutilon__Noun__1
written_rep: abutilon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abutilon | klonik | zaślaz
sense_list:
Any of the various tropical flowering plants of the genus Abutilon, such as the flowering maple, Indian mallow, or Chinese lantern. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abutment__Noun__1
written_rep: abutment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przyczółek
sense_list:
(engineering, architecture) The solid portion of a structure that supports the lateral pressure of an arch or vault. [First attested in the mid 18th century.] | (architecture) That element that shares a common boundary or surface with its neighbor.


lexentry: eng/abyss__Noun__1
written_rep: abyss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otchłań | przepaść | czeluść
sense_list:
Hell; the bottomless pit; primeval chaos; a confined subterranean ocean. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abyss__Noun__1
written_rep: abyss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: otchłań | przepaść
sense_list:
(frequently, figurative) A bottomless or unfathomed depth, gulf, or chasm; hence, any deep, immeasurable; any void space. [First attested in the late 16th century.] | Moral depravity; vast intellectual or moral depth.


lexentry: eng/abyssal__Adjective__1
written_rep: abyssal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: abisalny | abysalny | głębokomorski | głębokowodny
sense_list:
(geography) Of or belonging to the ocean depths, especially below 2000 metres (6500 ft): abyssal zone. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abyssal_zone__Noun__1
written_rep: abyssal zone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abisal | abysal | strefa abisalna | strefa głębinowa | strefa abysalna
sense_list:
(geography) The oceanic realm consisting of the deep ocean, typified by a dearth of plant life, and plentiful carnivorous animals that are able to withstand extreme pressure.


lexentry: eng/academia__Noun__1
written_rep: academia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akademia
sense_list:
(collective) The scientific and cultural community engaged in higher education and research, taken as a whole. [from 1956] | Continuous study at higher education institutions; scholarship.


lexentry: eng/academian__Noun__1
written_rep: academian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademiczka
sense_list:
(obsolete) A member of an academy, university, or college. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/academic__Adjective__1
written_rep: academic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademicki
sense_list:
Belonging to an academy or other higher institution of learning, or a scholarly society or organization. [from late 16th century] | In particular: relating to literary, classical, or artistic studies like the humanities, rather than to technical or vocational studies like engineering or welding. | (art) Conforming to set rules and traditions; conventional; formalistic. [from late 19th century]


lexentry: eng/academic__Noun__1
written_rep: academic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademik | akademiczka
sense_list:
A senior member of an academy, college, or university; a person who attends an academy; a person engaged in scholarly pursuits; one who is academic in practice. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academic_institution__Noun__1
written_rep: academic institution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szkoła wyższa
sense_list:
An educational institution, dedicated to higher education and research, that grants academic degrees.


lexentry: eng/academical__Adjective__1
written_rep: academical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademicki
sense_list:
Pertaining to a university or other form of higher education. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academically__Adverb__1
written_rep: academically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akademicko
sense_list:
In an academic style or way; from an academic perspective. [First attested in the late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/academician__Noun__1
written_rep: academician
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademiczka | akademik
sense_list:
A member or follower of an academy, or society for promoting science, art, or literature, such as the French Academy, or the Royal Academy of Arts. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
written_rep: academy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: akademia
sense_list:
An institution for the study of higher learning; a college or a university; typically a private school. [First attested in the mid 16th century.] | A school or place of training in which some special art is taught. [First attested in the late 16th century.] | A society of learned people united for the advancement of the arts and sciences, and literature, or some particular art or science. [First attested in the early 17th century.] | (obsolete) The knowledge disseminated in an Academy. [Attested from the early 17th century until the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/acalculia__Noun__1
written_rep: acalculia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akalkulia
sense_list:
(pathology) The condition of lacking basic mathematical skills caused by a brain injury, or more specifically an injury to the parietal lobe. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/acanthite__Noun__1
written_rep: acanthite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argentyt
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral form of silver sulfide, Ag2S, that is a major ore of silver, that forms slender prisms.


lexentry: eng/acanthus__Noun__1
written_rep: acanthus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akant
sense_list:
A member of the genus Acanthus of herbaceous prickly plants with toothed leaves, (family Acanthaceae, order Lamiales (formerly Scrophulariales)) found in the south of Europe, Asia Minor, and India. [from mid 16th century] | (architectural element) An ornament resembling the foliage or leaves of Acanthus spinosus, used in the capitals of the Corinthian and composite orders. [from mid 18th century]


lexentry: eng/acarus__Noun__1
written_rep: acarus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kleszcz
sense_list:
(zoology, acarology) Any member of the subclass Acari (aka Acarina): thus, a mite or a tick; specifically, any mite of the genus Acarus.


lexentry: eng/accede__Verb__1
written_rep: accede
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przystawać | przystać | przystąpić | przyłączać się | przyłączyć się | wstąpić
sense_list:
(intransitive, now, _, rare) To give one's adhesion; to join up with (a group, etc.); to become part of. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/accede__Verb__1
written_rep: accede
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: obejmować | objąć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To come to an office, state or dignity; to attain, assume (a position). [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/accelerant__Noun__1
written_rep: accelerant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paliwo
sense_list:
In the context of fire protection, a substance that accelerates the development of a fire, especially some hydrocarbon-based fuel used to spread a fire caused by arson.


lexentry: eng/accelerate__Verb__1
written_rep: accelerate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przyśpieszać się | przyśpieszyć się
sense_list:
(transitive) To quicken the natural or ordinary progression or process of. | (intransitive) To become faster; to begin to move more quickly.


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
written_rep: acceleration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyspieszenie | akceleracja
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as opposed to retardation or deceleration. | (physics) The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
written_rep: acceleration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przyspieszenie
sense_list:
(countable) The amount by which a speed or velocity increases (and so a scalar quantity or a vector quantity).


lexentry: eng/accelerator__Noun__1
written_rep: accelerator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akcelerator
sense_list:
A device for causing acceleration. | (vehicle) A pedal causing the vehicle to accelerate when it is pressed. | (physics) A device that accelerates charged subatomic particles; a particle accelerator.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
written_rep: accent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcent | nacisk
sense_list:
(linguistics) A higher-pitched or stronger (louder or longer) articulation of a particular syllable of a word or phrase in order to distinguish it from the others or to emphasize it. | (figuratively) Emphasis or importance in general.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
written_rep: accent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: akcent
sense_list:
(orthography) A mark or character used in writing, in order to indicate the place of the spoken accent, or to indicate the nature or quality of the vowel marked. | Modulation of the voice in speaking; the manner of speaking or pronouncing; a peculiar or characteristic modification of the voice, expressing emotion; tone. | (linguistics, sociolinguistics) The distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect. | (sign languages) A distinctive manner of producing a sign language, such as someone who does not normally use a certain sign language might have when using it. | A word; a significant tone or sound. | (prosody, poetry) Stress laid on certain syllables of a verse. | (music) A regularly recurring stress upon the tone to mark the beginning, and, more feebly, the third part of the measure. | (music) A special emphasis of a tone, even in the weaker part of the measure. | (music) A mark used to represent this special emphasis.The third and fourth symbols are accents (marks used to represent special emphasis in music). | (music) The rhythmical accent, which marks phrases and sections of a period.


lexentry: eng/accentuate__Verb__1
written_rep: accentuate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcentować
sense_list:
(transitive) To pronounce with an accent or vocal stress. | (transitive) To mark with a written accent.


lexentry: eng/acceptance__Noun__1
written_rep: acceptance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akceptacja | przyjęcie
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of accepting; the receiving of something offered, with acquiescence, approbation, or satisfaction; especially, favourable reception; approval.


lexentry: eng/acceptance__Noun__1
written_rep: acceptance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: akcept | akceptacja
sense_list:
(business, finance) An assent and engagement by the person on whom a bill of exchange is drawn, to pay it when due according to the terms of the acceptance; the bill of exchange itself when accepted.


lexentry: eng/access__Noun__1
written_rep: access
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dostęp
sense_list:
(uncountable) A way or means of approaching or entering; an entrance; a passage. | (uncountable) The act of approaching or entering; an advance. | (countable, computing) The process of locating data in memory. | (uncountable, networking) Connection to or communication with a computer program or to the Internet.


lexentry: eng/access__Noun__1
written_rep: access
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dostęp | akces | akcesja
sense_list:
(uncountable) The right or ability of approaching or entering; admittance; admission; accessibility.


lexentry: eng/accessory__Adjective__1
written_rep: accessory
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcesoryczny | akcesoryjny
sense_list:
Having a secondary, supplementary or subordinate function by accompanying as a subordinate; aiding in a secondary way; being additional; contributing or being contributory.


lexentry: eng/accessory__Adjective__1
written_rep: accessory
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pomocnictwo
sense_list:
(legal) Assisting a crime without actually participating in committing the crime itself; being connected as an incident or subordinate to a principal.


lexentry: eng/accessory__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcesoria | akcesorium | dodatek | dodatki
sense_list:
Something that belongs to part of another main thing; something additional and subordinate, an attachment.


lexentry: eng/accessory__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: współsprawca
sense_list:
(legal) A person who is not present at a crime, but contributes to it as an assistant or instigator.


lexentry: eng/accessory_after_the_fact__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory after the fact
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: popleczniczka | poplecznik
sense_list:
(legal) a person who assists someone who has committed a crime so as to protect them from legal prosecution


lexentry: eng/accessory_fruit__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory fruit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: owoc pozorny
sense_list:
(botany) A fruit which includes tissue not derived from the ovary but from some adjacent tissue, as for instance, a strawberry.


lexentry: eng/accessory_mineral__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory mineral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: minerał akcesoryczny
sense_list:
(mineral) any mineral that is present in small amounts in a rock, but is not considered to be characteristic of the rock


lexentry: eng/accident__Noun__1
written_rep: accident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wypadek
sense_list:
An unexpected event with negative consequences occurring without the intention of the one suffering the consequences, and (in the strict sense) not directly caused by humans. | (transportation) A collision or crash of a vehicle, aircraft, or other form of transportation that causes damage to the transportation involved; and sometimes injury or death to the transportation's occupants or bystanders in close proximity. (but see Usage notes)


lexentry: eng/accidental__Adjective__1
written_rep: accidental
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: przypadkowy
sense_list:
Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to the usual course of things; by accident, unintentional. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/acclimatization__Noun__1
written_rep: acclimatization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aklimatyzacja
sense_list:
The act of acclimatizing; the process of inuring to a new climate, or the state of being so inured. | (biology) The climatic adaptation of an organism that has been moved to a new environment.


lexentry: eng/acclimatize__Verb__1
written_rep: acclimatize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aklimatyzować | aklimatyzować się | zaaklimatyzować | zaaklimatyzować się
sense_list:
(transitive) To make used to a new climate or one that is different from that which is natural; to inure or habituate to other circumstances; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign or strange climate.


lexentry: eng/acclivity__Noun__1
written_rep: acclivity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pochyłość
sense_list:
(geomorphology) A slope or inclination of the earth, as the side of a hill, considered as ascending, in opposition to declivity, or descending; an upward slope; ascent.


lexentry: eng/accommodate__Verb__1
written_rep: accommodate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: akomodować
sense_list:
(transitive) To show the correspondence of; to apply or make suit by analogy; to adapt or fit, as teachings to accidental circumstances, statements to facts, etc.


lexentry: eng/accommodation__Noun__1
written_rep: accommodation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakwaterowanie
sense_list:
(chiefly, British, usually, a mass noun) Lodging in a dwelling or similar living quarters afforded to travellers in hotels or on cruise ships, or prisoners, etc. | (countable, uncountable) A convenience, a fitting, something satisfying a need.


lexentry: eng/accommodation__Noun__1
written_rep: accommodation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akomodacja
sense_list:
(countable, medical) The adjustment of the eye to a change of the distance from an observed object. | (linguistics, sociolinguistics) Modification(s) to make one's way of communicating similar to others involved in a conversation or discourse.


lexentry: eng/accommodation__Noun__1
written_rep: accommodation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akomodacja | przystosowanie
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, followed by to) The act of fitting or adapting, or the state of being fitted or adapted; adaptation; adjustment.


lexentry: eng/accompaniment__Noun__1
written_rep: accompaniment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akompaniament
sense_list:
(music) A part, usually performed by instruments, that gives support or adds to the background in music, or adds for ornamentation; also, the harmony of a figured bass. | That which accompanies; something that attends as a circumstance, or which is added to give greater completeness to the principal thing, or by way of ornament, or for the sake of symmetry.


lexentry: eng/accompany__Verb__1
written_rep: accompany
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: towarzyszyć | asystować
sense_list:
(transitive) To go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along with.


lexentry: eng/accomplice__Noun__1
written_rep: accomplice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: współsprawca | wspólnik | wspólniczka | współsprawczyni
sense_list:
(legal) An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in an offense, whether a principal or an accessory.


lexentry: eng/accordion__Noun__1
written_rep: accordion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akordeon | harmonia ręczna
sense_list:
A box-shaped musical instrument with means of keys and buttons, whose tones are generated by play of the wind from a squeezed bellows upon free metallic reeds.


lexentry: eng/account__Noun__1
written_rep: account
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: konto | relacja
sense_list:
(accounting) A registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review. [from c. 1300]


lexentry: eng/account__Noun__1
written_rep: account
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: konto | rachunek
sense_list:
A statement in general of reasons, causes, grounds, etc., explanatory of some event; a reason of an action to be done. | Authorization as a specific registered user in accessing a system.


lexentry: eng/account_for__Verb__1
written_rep: account for
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyjaśniać
sense_list:
(transitive) To explain by relating circumstances; to show that some one, thing or members of a group are present or have been processed.


lexentry: eng/account_manager__Noun__1
written_rep: account manager
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opiekun klienta
sense_list:
(business) A person who is in charge of sales to one or more named customers or to a specified segment of the market, especially in B2B marketing; supposedly refers to a somewhat more responsible job than the term salesman.


lexentry: eng/accountability__Noun__1
written_rep: accountability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpowiedzialność | rozliczalność
sense_list:
The state of being accountable; liability to be called on to render an account or give an explanation; liability to be held responsible or answerable for something.


lexentry: eng/accountancy__Noun__1
written_rep: accountancy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rachunkowość
sense_list:
(uncountable, British, NZ, often, _, Philippines, accounting) The function of compiling and providing financial information primarily by reports referred to as financial statements, including bookkeeping, systems design, analysis and interpretation of accounting information.


lexentry: eng/accountant__Noun__1
written_rep: accountant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: księgowy | księgowa
sense_list:
(accounting) One whose profession includes organizing, maintaining and auditing the records of another. The records are usually, but not always, financial records.


lexentry: eng/accounting__Noun__1
written_rep: accounting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rachunkowość | księgowość
sense_list:
(business) The development and use of a system for recording and analyzing the financial transactions and financial status of an individual or a business.


lexentry: eng/accounts_payable__Noun__1
written_rep: accounts payable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: należności | zobowiązania
sense_list:
The total amount of money that is owed by a customer to its suppliers of goods and services and is counted by the customer as a current unpaid debt.


lexentry: eng/accounts_receivable__Noun__2
written_rep: accounts receivable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: należność
sense_list:
(accounting) The total monetary amount owed to a financial entity due to debts arising from sales on credit or on account.


lexentry: eng/accredit__Verb__1
written_rep: accredit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akredytować
sense_list:
(transitive) To put or bring into credit; to invest with credit or authority; to sanction. | (transitive) To send with letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy, or diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or delegate.


lexentry: eng/accreditation__Noun__1
written_rep: accreditation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akredytacja
sense_list:
The giving of credentials. | (education) The granting of approval to an institution of higher learning by an official review board after the school has met certain requirements.


lexentry: eng/accretion__Noun__1
written_rep: accretion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: akrecja
sense_list:
(legal) The adhering of property to something else, by which the owner of one thing becomes possessed of a right to another; generally, gain of land by the washing up of sand or soil from the sea or a river, or by a gradual recession of the water from the usual watermark.


lexentry: eng/accretion_disk__Noun__1
written_rep: accretion disk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dysk akrecyjny
sense_list:
(astrophysics) A structure formed by matter falling into a gravitational source such as a galaxy, black hole, or protostar.


lexentry: eng/accrual__Noun__1
written_rep: accrual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atak
sense_list:
An increase; something that accumulates, especially an amount of money that periodically accumulates for a specific purpose


lexentry: eng/acculturation__Noun__1
written_rep: acculturation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akulturacja
sense_list:
A process by which the culture of an isolated society changes on contact with a different one. | A process by which a person acquires the culture of the society that they inhabit, starting at birth.


lexentry: eng/accumulate__Verb__1
written_rep: accumulate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akumulować | zakumulować
sense_list:
(transitive) To heap up in a mass; to pile up; to collect or bring together (either literally or figuratively)


lexentry: eng/accumulation__Noun__1
written_rep: accumulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: akumulacja
sense_list:
(accounting) The continuous growth of capital by retention of interest or savings. | (finance) The action of investors buying an asset from other investors when the price of the asset is low.


lexentry: eng/accumulation_point__Noun__1
written_rep: accumulation point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: punkt skupienia
sense_list:
(topology, "of" a subset of a topological space) Given a subset S of a topological space X, a point x whose every neighborhood contains at least one point distinct from x that belongs to S. | (analysis, "of" a sequence) Given a sequence si, a point x whose every neighborhood contains at least one element of the sequence distinct from x. | (systems theory, dynamical systems, chaos theory) For certain maps, a point beyond which periodic orbits give way to chaotic ones.


lexentry: eng/accumulator__Noun__1
written_rep: accumulator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akumulator
sense_list:
(British) A wet-cell storage battery. | (programming) A register or variable used for holding the intermediate results of a computation or data transfer.


lexentry: eng/accusative__Adjective__1
written_rep: accusative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: biernikowy | biernik
sense_list:
(grammar) Applied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin, Lithuanian and Greek nouns) which expresses the immediate object on which the action or influence of a transitive verb has its limited influence. Other parts of speech, including secondary or predicate direct objects, will also influence a sentence’s construction. In German the case used for direct objects.


lexentry: eng/accuse__Verb__1
written_rep: accuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oskarżać | oskarżyć
sense_list:
(transitive) to find fault with, blame, censure | (intransitive) to make an accusation against someone


lexentry: eng/accustom__Verb__1
written_rep: accustom
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyzwyczaić | przyzwyczajać
sense_list:
(transitive, often, passive, or, reflexive, with to) To make familiar by use; to cause to accept; to habituate, familiarize, or inure.


lexentry: eng/accustomed__Adjective__1
written_rep: accustomed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nawykły
sense_list:
Familiar with something through repeated experience; adapted to existing conditions. (of a person) | Familiar through use; usual; customary. (of a thing, condition, activity, etc.)


lexentry: eng/ace__Noun__1
written_rep: ace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: as
sense_list:
(card games) A playing card showing a single pip, typically the highest or lowest ranking card in a game. | (tennis, volleyball) A serve won without the opponent hitting the ball. | (sometimes, _, attributive) An expert at something; a maverick, genius; a person of supreme talent. | A military aircraft pilot who is credited with shooting down many enemy aircraft, typically five or more.


lexentry: eng/acenaphthene__Noun__1
written_rep: acenaphthene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acenaften
sense_list:
(organic compound) A hydrocarbon, found in coal tar, derived from naphthalene by the addition of a short aliphatic bridge.


lexentry: eng/acephalous__Adjective__1
written_rep: acephalous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: akefaliczny
sense_list:
(prosody) Deficient in the beginning, as a line of poetry that is missing its expected opening syllable.


lexentry: eng/acetaldehyde__Noun__1
written_rep: acetaldehyde
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetaldehyd | aldehyd octowy
sense_list:
(organic compound) An organic compound, (CH3CHO). Sometimes called ethanal or acetic aldehyde. See aldehyde.


lexentry: eng/acetaminophen__Noun__1
written_rep: acetaminophen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paracetamol | acetaminofen | apap | tylenol
sense_list:
(North America) A white crystalline compound used in medicine as an anodyne to relieve pain and reduce fever.


lexentry: eng/acetanilide__Noun__1
written_rep: acetanilide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetanilid | antyfebryna
sense_list:
(organic chemistry, pharmaceutical drug) the amide derived from acetic acid and aniline; once used medicinally as an analgesic and antipyretic


lexentry: eng/acetarsol__Noun__1
written_rep: acetarsol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetarsol
sense_list:
(organic compound, medicine) The compound (3-acetamido-4-hydroxyphenyl)arsonic acid sometimes used as an antiinfective against the parasite protozoan Entamoeba histolytica


lexentry: eng/acetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: octowy
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or producing vinegar | (organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to acetic acid or its derivatives


lexentry: eng/acetic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: acetic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas octowy
sense_list:
(fatty acid) A clear colourless organic acid, CH3COOH, formed by the bacterial oxidation of ethanol through acetic fermentation; it is used as a solvent and has very many industrial applications; it is the major acidic component of vinegar.


lexentry: eng/acetoacetic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: acetoacetic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas acetylooctowy
sense_list:
(organic compound) The ketonic carboxylic acid CH3-CO-CH2-COOH, that is present in the urine of people suffering from starvation or some forms of diabetes.


lexentry: eng/acetoin__Noun__1
written_rep: acetoin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetoina | acetylometylokarbinol
sense_list:
(organic compound) The compound 3-hydroxybutanone CH3-CO-CH(OH)-CH3 that is one of the constituents of the flavour of butter


lexentry: eng/acetonemia__Noun__1
written_rep: acetonemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetonemia
sense_list:
(veterinary medicine) Presence of excessive levels of acetone in blood, sometimes occurring in cows during the first weeks after giving birth to a calf.


lexentry: eng/acetophenone__Noun__1
written_rep: acetophenone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetofenon | acetylobenzen | fenylometyloketon | metylofenyloketon
sense_list:
(organic compound) The aromatic ketone phenyl methyl ketone, used in the manufacture of very many organic compounds


lexentry: eng/acetylation__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylowanie | acetylacja
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) The reaction of a substance with acetic acid or one of its derivatives; the introduction of one or more acetyl groups into a substance.


lexentry: eng/acetylcholine__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylcholine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylocholina
sense_list:
(neurotransmitter) A neurotransmitter in humans and other animals. It is an ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3COOCH2CH2N+(CH3)3.


lexentry: eng/acetylcholinesterase__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylcholinesterase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylocholinoesteraza
sense_list:
(enzyme) An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid.


lexentry: eng/acetylcysteine__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylcysteine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylocysteina
sense_list:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) An acetylated form of the amino acid cysteine (trademark Mucomyst), which is an antioxidant used as a mucolytic agent and in the treatment of paracetamol poisoning.


lexentry: eng/acetylene__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: acetylen
sense_list:
(organic compound, uncountable) Ethyne; the simplest alkyne, a hydrocarbon of formula HC≡CH. It is a colourless, odourless, extremely flammable, explosive gas, formerly used as an illuminating gas, but now used in welding and metallurgy.


lexentry: eng/acetylenic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acetylenic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylenowy
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to acetylene or its derivatives; having a carbon-to-carbon triple bond


lexentry: eng/acetylglucosamine__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylglucosamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetyloglikozamina
sense_list:
(biochemistry) An amide derivative of glucose that forms part of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls


lexentry: eng/acetylsalicylic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acetylsalicylic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylosalicylowy
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Describing any derivative of salicylic acid in which the phenolic hydroxyl has been acetylated.


lexentry: eng/ache__Verb__1
written_rep: ache
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: boleć
sense_list:
(intransitive, stative) To suffer pain; to be the source of, or be in, pain, especially continued dull pain; to be distressed.


lexentry: eng/acheiropoieton__Noun__1
written_rep: acheiropoieton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acheiropita
sense_list:
(chiefly, Eastern Orthodoxy) A religion icon (chiefly of Christ or the Virgin Mary) believed not to have been created by human hands; a miraculous image.


lexentry: eng/achieve__Verb__1
written_rep: achieve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: osiągać | osiągnąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To obtain, or gain (a desired result, objective etc.), as the result of exertion; to succeed in gaining; to win. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/achromatopsia__Noun__1
written_rep: achromatopsia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: achromatopsja | achromatyzm
sense_list:
Full or partial color blindness; the inability to distinguish colors due to the absence of cone cells in the eyes.


lexentry: eng/acid_jazz__Noun__1
written_rep: acid jazz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acid jazz
sense_list:
(music genre, jazz) A genre of popular music combining jazz with elements of soul music, funk and disco.


lexentry: eng/acid_rain__Noun__1
written_rep: acid rain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwaśny deszcz
sense_list:
Rain which is unusually acidic (pH of less than the natural range of 5 to 6); caused mainly by atmospheric pollution with sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen compounds.


lexentry: eng/acidaemia__Noun__1
written_rep: acidaemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acydemia | acydoza | kwasica
sense_list:
(medicine) a medical condition marked by an abnormally high concentration of hydrogen ions in a person's blood


lexentry: eng/acidic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acidic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwasowy
sense_list:
(chemistry) Having a pH less than 7, or being sour, or having the strength to neutralize alkalis, or turning a litmus paper red.


lexentry: eng/acidimetry__Noun__1
written_rep: acidimetry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acydymetria
sense_list:
(chemistry) The measurement of the strength of acids, especially by a chemical process based on the law of chemical combinations, or the fact that, to produce a complete reaction, a certain definite weight of reagent is required.


lexentry: eng/acknowledge__Verb__1
written_rep: acknowledge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: uznawać | uznać
sense_list:
(transitive) To own or recognize in a particular quality, character or relationship; to admit the claims or authority of; to give recognition to.


lexentry: eng/acknowledgment__Noun__1
written_rep: acknowledgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akceptacja
sense_list:
The act of recognizing in a particular character or relationship; recognition of existence, authority, truth, or genuineness. | A reward or other expression or token of gratitude. | (legal) The act of a person admitting a child as their own.


lexentry: eng/acknowledgment__Noun__1
written_rep: acknowledgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: kwit
sense_list:
A message from the addressee informing the originator that the originator's communication has been received and understood. | (telecommunications, computing, networking) A response (ACK) sent by a receiver to indicate successful receipt of a transmission (See Wikipedia article on transmission).


lexentry: eng/acme__Noun__1
written_rep: acme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apogeum
sense_list:
A high point: the highest point of any range, the most developed stage of any process, or the culmination of any field or historical period. [c. 1610]


lexentry: eng/acolyte__Noun__1
written_rep: acolyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akolita | akolitka
sense_list:
(Christianity) One who has received the highest of the four minor orders in the Catholic Church, being ordained to carry the wine, water and lights at Mass. | An attendant, assistant or follower.


lexentry: eng/aconite__Noun__1
written_rep: aconite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tojad | akonit
sense_list:
The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; any plant of the genus Aconitum, all the species of which are poisonous.


lexentry: eng/acorn__Noun__1
written_rep: acorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: żołądź
sense_list:
(nautical) A cone-shaped piece of wood on the point of the spindle above the vane, on the mast-head.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acoustic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akustyczny
sense_list:
Pertaining to the sense of hearing, the organs of hearing, or the science of sounds. | (music, musical instrument) Naturally producing or produced by an instrument without electrical amplification or the need thereof.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Noun__1
written_rep: acoustic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akustyka
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) The properties or qualities of a room or building that determine how sound is transmitted in it.


lexentry: eng/acqua_alta__Noun__1
written_rep: acqua alta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acqua alta
sense_list:
A phenomenon that regularly occurs in the city of Venice, Italy, typically during high and spring tide, involving the flooding of the most low-lying areas of Venice.


lexentry: eng/acquaintance__Noun__1
written_rep: acquaintance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znajomość
sense_list:
(uncountable) A state of being acquainted with a person; originally indicating friendship, intimacy, but now suggesting a slight knowledge less deep than that of friendship; acquaintanceship. [from 12th c.]


lexentry: eng/acquiesce__Verb__1
written_rep: acquiesce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyzwalać
sense_list:
(intransitive, with in (or sometimes with, to)) To rest satisfied, or apparently satisfied, or to rest without opposition and discontent (usually implying previous opposition or discontent); to accept or consent by silence or by omitting to object.


lexentry: eng/acquiesce__Verb__1
written_rep: acquiesce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: godzić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To concur upon conviction; to assent to; usually, to concur, not heartily but so far as to forbear opposition.


lexentry: eng/acquiescence__Noun__1
written_rep: acquiescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: potulność | przyzwolenie
sense_list:
A silent or passive assent or submission, or a submission with apparent content, distinguished from avowed consent on the one hand, and on the other, from opposition or open discontent; quiet satisfaction.


lexentry: eng/acquired_taste__Noun__1
written_rep: acquired taste
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: specyficzny
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something that is appreciated only after having initially been regarded as unappealing or unpleasant; a person who is regarded as difficult or dislikable but of whom at least some have grown to approve.


lexentry: eng/acquittal__Noun__1
written_rep: acquittal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: uniewinnianie
sense_list:
(legal) A legal decision that someone is not guilty with which they have been charged, or the formal dismissal of a charge by some other legal process. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/acridine__Noun__1
written_rep: acridine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrydyna
sense_list:
(uncountable, organic compound) A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle, dibenzopyridine, obtained from coal tar; it is used in the manufacture of dyes and drugs


lexentry: eng/acrimonious__Adjective__1
written_rep: acrimonious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kłótliwy | ostry
sense_list:
(figuratively) Angry, acid, and sharp in delivering argumentative replies: bitter, mean-spirited, sharp in language or tone. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/acritarch__Noun__1
written_rep: acritarch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acritarcha
sense_list:
(paleontology, palynology) Any small, non-acid-soluble (i.e. non-carbonate, non-siliceous) organic fossil that cannot be classified.


lexentry: eng/acrobat__Noun__1
written_rep: acrobat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrobata | akrobatka
sense_list:
An athlete who performs acts requiring skill, agility and coordination, often as part of a circus performance.


lexentry: eng/acrocyanosis__Noun__1
written_rep: acrocyanosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrocyjanoza
sense_list:
(pathology) A persistent blue or cyanotic discoloration of the digits, most commonly occurring in the hands although also occurring in the face and feet as well.


lexentry: eng/acrolein__Noun__1
written_rep: acrolein
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akroleina
sense_list:
(organic compound) A pungent, acrid, poisonous liquid aldehyde, CH2=CH-CH=O, made by the destructive distillation of glycerol.


lexentry: eng/acromegaly__Noun__1
written_rep: acromegaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akromegalia
sense_list:
(disease) A chronic disease marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw that is caused by over-activity of the pituitary gland.


lexentry: eng/acropolis__Noun__1
written_rep: acropolis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akropol
sense_list:
A promontory (usually fortified with a citadel) forming the hub of many Grecian cities, and around which many were built for defensive purposes before and during the classical period; compare Acropolis.


lexentry: eng/across__Preposition__1
written_rep: across
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: naprzeciwko | przez | po drugiej stronie | poprzez
sense_list:
(Southern US, AAVE) across from: on the opposite side, relative to something that lies between, from (a point of interest).


lexentry: eng/acrostic__Noun__1
written_rep: acrostic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrostych
sense_list:
A poem or other text in which certain letters, often the first in each line, spell out a name or message. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/acroterium__Noun__1
written_rep: acroterium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akroterion | akroterium | naszczytnik
sense_list:
(architecture) One of the small pedestals, for statues or other ornaments, placed on the apex and at the basal angles of a pediment, or upon the gables in Gothic architecture.


lexentry: eng/acrylamide__Noun__1
written_rep: acrylamide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrylamid
sense_list:
(organic compound) The amide of acrylic acid, CH2=CH.CONH2; used in the manufacture of polyacrylamides.


lexentry: eng/acrylonitrile__Noun__1
written_rep: acrylonitrile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrylonitryl
sense_list:
(organic compound) A toxic colourless liquid organic compound, CH2=CH.CN, synthesized from propylene and ammonia; used as a monomer in the production of acrylic resins and synthetic rubber.


lexentry: eng/act__Noun__1
written_rep: act
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: akt
sense_list:
(countable) A formal or official record of something done. | (countable, drama) A division of a theatrical performance.


lexentry: eng/act__Verb__1
written_rep: act
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: postąpić | postępować | zachować się | zachowywać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To behave in a certain manner for an indefinite length of time. | (intransitive, law) To carry out work as a legal representative in relation to a particular legal matter.


lexentry: eng/act_of_parliament__Noun__1
written_rep: act of parliament
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawo
sense_list:
A law which has received assent (royal, presidential or gubernatorial) after having been passed by the houses (or house) of a parliament.


lexentry: eng/actin__Noun__1
written_rep: actin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktyna
sense_list:
(protein, uncountable) A globular structural protein that polymerizes in a helical fashion to form an actin filament (or microfilament).


lexentry: eng/acting__Adjective__1
written_rep: acting
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: p.o. | pełniąca obowiązki | pełniący obowiązki
sense_list:
Temporarily assuming the duties or authority of another person when they are unable to do their job.


lexentry: eng/actinic__Adjective__1
written_rep: actinic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: aktyniczny
sense_list:
(chemistry, or, photography) Of or relating to actinism, the range of photochemical effects produced by exposure to EM radiation, particularly sunlight.


lexentry: eng/actinide__Noun__1
written_rep: actinide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynowiec
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of the 15 radioactive elements of the periodic table from actinium to lawrencium that are positioned under the lanthanides, to which they have similar chemistry.


lexentry: eng/actinism__Noun__1
written_rep: actinism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktyniczność
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) That property of electromagnetic radiation that leads to the production of photochemical effects


lexentry: eng/actinium__Noun__1
written_rep: actinium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktyn
sense_list:
A radioactive, metallic chemical element (symbol: Ac) with an atomic number of 89; found in uranium ores.


lexentry: eng/actinolite__Noun__1
written_rep: actinolite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynolit
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral with monoclinic crystals of the chemical formula Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2, belonging to the amphibole group.


lexentry: eng/actinometer__Noun__1
written_rep: actinometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynometr
sense_list:
(physics) A device used to measure the heating power of electromagnetic radiation, especially that of solar radiation.


lexentry: eng/actinometry__Noun__1
written_rep: actinometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynometria
sense_list:
the measurement of the heating power of electromagnetic radiation, especially that of solar radiation


lexentry: eng/actinomycin__Noun__1
written_rep: actinomycin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynomycyna
sense_list:
(protein, pharmaceutical drug) Any of a class of toxic polypeptide antibiotics found in soil bacteria of genus Streptomyces.


lexentry: eng/actinomycosis__Noun__1
written_rep: actinomycosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynomikoza | promienica
sense_list:
(pathology) An infectious bacterial disease of cattle and swine, sometimes transmitted to man, characterized by the formation of painful abscesses in the mouth, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract, caused by Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae, and Propionibacterium propionicum.


lexentry: eng/action_movie__Noun__1
written_rep: action movie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: film akcji
sense_list:
A motion picture whose storyline involves fast-paced activity and conflict, usually including such elements as a heroic protagonist, violent fights, acrobatic stunts, chase scenes, and gunplay.


lexentry: eng/activate__Verb__1
written_rep: activate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aktywować | uaktywniać | uaktywnić
sense_list:
(transitive) To put a device, mechanism (alarm etc.) or system into action or motion; to trigger, to actuate, to set off, to enable.


lexentry: eng/activated_carbon__Noun__1
written_rep: activated carbon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: węgiel aktywowany
sense_list:
(chemistry) A very absorbent form of finely powdered carbon; used in purifying gases, and as an antidote for many poisons.


lexentry: eng/active__Adjective__1
written_rep: active
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktywny | czynny
sense_list:
Having the power or quality of acting; causing change; communicating action or motion; acting;—opposed to passive, that receives. | In action; actually proceeding; working; in force


lexentry: eng/active_duty__Noun__1
written_rep: active duty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: służba czynna
sense_list:
(military) A state in which person in the military performs military duties on a full-time basis, as opposed to reserve, where one only occasionally performs military duties.


lexentry: eng/active_participle__Noun__1
written_rep: active participle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: imiesłów czynny
sense_list:
(grammar) A participle indicating an ongoing or completed action or state in the active voice, where a noun modified by the participle is taken to represent the agent of the action denoted by the verb.


lexentry: eng/active_volcano__Noun__1
written_rep: active volcano
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wulkan czynny | czynny wulkan
sense_list:
(vulcanology, geology) A volcano that has erupted in the last 10,000 years, although not necessarily venting lava or gases now.


lexentry: eng/activism__Noun__1
written_rep: activism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktywizm
sense_list:
The practice of using action to achieve a result, such as political demonstration or a strike in support of or in opposition to an issue.


lexentry: eng/activity__Noun__1
written_rep: activity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktywność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state or quality of being active; activeness. | (countable) Something done as an action or a movement. | The property of substances to react with other substances


lexentry: eng/activity__Noun__1
written_rep: activity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aktywność | działalność
sense_list:
(countable) Something done for pleasure or entertainment, especially one involving movement or an excursion.


lexentry: eng/actor__Noun__1
written_rep: actor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: aktor | aktorka
sense_list:
A person who acts a part in a theatrical play or (later) in film or television; a dramatic performer. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/actual__Adjective__1
written_rep: actual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prawdziwy | właściwy
sense_list:
Existing in reality, not just potentially; really acted or acting; occurring in fact. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/actualism__Noun__1
written_rep: actualism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktualizm
sense_list:
(philosophy) The belief that actuality and existence are co‐extensive: i.e., that only actual things exist, and merely possible things do not.


lexentry: eng/actuarial_science__Noun__1
written_rep: actuarial science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiedza aktuarialna
sense_list:
(applied mathematics, insurance, finance) The discipline within applied mathematics dealing with risk assessment and the modelling of uncertainty; the rigorous application of mathematical and statistical methods to assess risk, in industries including insurance and finance.


lexentry: eng/actuary__Noun__1
written_rep: actuary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aktuariusz
sense_list:
A professional who calculates financial values associated with uncertain events subject to risk, such as insurance premiums or pension contributions.


lexentry: eng/acupressure__Noun__1
written_rep: acupressure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akupresura
sense_list:
(uncountable) An alternative medicine technique, derived from acupuncture, in which physical pressure is applied to acupoints.


lexentry: eng/acupuncture__Noun__1
written_rep: acupuncture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akupunktura
sense_list:
The insertion of needles into the (living) tissue of the body affecting the Qi or energy along energetic pathways of the body called meridians. This modality is traditionally used as a form of internal medical treating all disease and illnesses, in Western countries it is widely used for the purposes of pain relief.


lexentry: eng/acupuncturist__Noun__1
written_rep: acupuncturist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akupunkturzysta | akupunkturzystka
sense_list:
A healthcare professional who is qualified or professionally engaged in the practice of acupuncture.


lexentry: eng/acute__Adjective__1
written_rep: acute
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ostry
sense_list:
Intense; sensitive; sharp. | (geometry, of an angle) Less than 90 degrees. | (geometry, of a triangle) Having all three interior angles measuring less than 90 degrees.


lexentry: eng/acute_accent__Noun__1
written_rep: acute accent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcent akutowy | akcent ostry | akut
sense_list:
(orthography) : A diacritical mark ( ´ ) that can be placed above a number of letters in many languages of the Latin, Greek and Cyrillic writing systems.


lexentry: eng/acyl__Noun__1
written_rep: acyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acyl
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of class of organic radicals, RCO-, formed by the removal of a hydroxyl group from a carboxylic acid.


lexentry: eng/acyltransferase__Noun__1
written_rep: acyltransferase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acylotransferaza
sense_list:
(enzyme) Any of several transferase enzymes that catalyze the transfer of acyl groups between lipids.


lexentry: eng/adagio__Noun__1
written_rep: adagio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adagio
sense_list:
(music) A tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played rather slowly, leisurely and gracefully.


lexentry: eng/adamant__Noun__1
written_rep: adamant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adamant
sense_list:
An imaginary rock or mineral of impenetrable hardness; a name given to the diamond and other substances of extreme hardness.


lexentry: eng/adamantine__Adjective__1
written_rep: adamantine
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adamantowy
sense_list:
Made of adamant, or having the qualities of adamant; incapable of being broken, dissolved, or penetrated.


lexentry: eng/adaptability__Noun__1
written_rep: adaptability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: adaptabilność | przystosowawczość
sense_list:
(biology) Variability in respect to, or under the influence of, external conditions; susceptibility of an organism to that variation whereby it becomes suited to or fitted for its conditions of environment; the capacity of an organism to be modified by circumstances.


lexentry: eng/adaptation__Noun__1
written_rep: adaptation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adaptacja | przystosowanie
sense_list:
(uncountable) The process of adapting something or becoming adapted to a situation; adjustment, modification.


lexentry: eng/adaptation__Noun__1
written_rep: adaptation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: adaptacja
sense_list:
(countable) A change that is made or undergone to suit a condition or environment. | (countable, evolutionary theory) An instance of an organism undergoing change, or the structure or behavior that is changed. | (uncountable) The process of adapting an artistic work from a different medium. | (countable, authorship) An artistic work that has been adapted from a different medium.


lexentry: eng/adapter__Noun__1
written_rep: adapter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: adapter | przejściówka
sense_list:
Specifically, an AC adapter: a device that reduces voltage and converts AC to DC to allow a battery-powered device to use mains power. | Specifically, a device that allows one format of plug to be used with a different format of socket.


lexentry: eng/adapter__Noun__1
written_rep: adapter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przedłużacz | rozgałęźnik | złodziejka
sense_list:
Specifically, a device that permits two or more plugs to be used at a single electrical power point.


lexentry: eng/adaptive__Adjective__1
written_rep: adaptive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adaptacyjny | adaptatywny
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, characterized by or showing adaptation; making or made fit or suitable. | Capable of being adapted or of adapting; susceptible of or undergoing accordant change.


lexentry: eng/adaptogen__Noun__1
written_rep: adaptogen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adaptogen
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) Any natural herbal substance, such as ginseng, that is purported to assist the body to adapt to stress, and to exert a normalizing effect upon body functions.


lexentry: eng/adaptometer__Noun__1
written_rep: adaptometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adaptometr
sense_list:
An optometric instrument that measures the minimum threshold of brightness that can be detected or how well the human eye can adapt to a recently darkened environment.


lexentry: eng/add-on__Noun__1
written_rep: add-on
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dodatek
sense_list:
(computer hardware, software) A software extension or hardware peripheral that provides additional functions or customization for a core application or system.


lexentry: eng/add_insult_to_injury__Verb__1
written_rep: add insult to injury
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na domiar złego
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To further a loss with mockery or indignity; to worsen an already unfavourable situation.


lexentry: eng/addend__Noun__1
written_rep: addend
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dodajnik | składnik
sense_list:
(mathematics) Addendum, any one of two or more numbers or other terms that are to be added together.


lexentry: eng/adder's_tongue__Noun__1
written_rep: adder's tongue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nasięźrzał
sense_list:
Any of several ferns in the genus Ophioglossum, whose spores are produced on a spike resembling a serpent's tongue.


lexentry: eng/adder__Noun__1
written_rep: adder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: żmija
sense_list:
Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen, the northern copperhead, a venomous viper found in the eastern United States | The common European adder (Vipera berus).


lexentry: eng/additive__Adjective__1
written_rep: additive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: addytywny
sense_list:
(mathematics) Pertaining to addition; that can be, or has been, added. | (genetics) Of or pertaining to genes (or the interaction etc. of such genes) which govern the same trait and whose effects work together on the phenotype.


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
written_rep: address
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adres
sense_list:
A description of the location of a property, usually with at least a street name and number, name of a town, and now also a postal code; such a description as superscribed for direction on an envelope or letter. [from 17th c.] | (computing) A number identifying a specific storage location in computer memory; a string of characters identifying a location on the internet or other network; sometimes (specifically) an e-mail address. [from 20th c.] | (by extension) The property itself. [from 19th c.] | A formal approach to a sovereign, especially an official appeal or petition; later (specifically) a response given by each of the Houses of Parliament to the sovereign's speech at the opening of Parliament. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Noun__1
written_rep: address
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przemowa | przemówienie
sense_list:
An act of addressing oneself to a person or group; a discourse or speech, or a record of this. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/address__Verb__1
written_rep: address
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: adresować | zaadresować
sense_list:
(transitive) To direct speech to; to make a communication to, whether spoken or written; to apply to by words, as by a speech, petition, etc., to speak to. | (transitive) To direct in writing, as a letter; to superscribe, or to direct and transmit. | (transitive) To address oneself to; to prepare oneself for; to apply oneself to; to direct one's speech, discourse or efforts to.


lexentry: eng/address_bar__Noun__1
written_rep: address bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasek adresu
sense_list:
(computing, graphical user interface) A bar in a web browser that displays the address (uniform resource identifier) of the page or resource being displayed.


lexentry: eng/addressee__Noun__1
written_rep: addressee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adresat | odbiorca | adresatka | odbiorczyni
sense_list:
The person or organization to which something, such as a letter or message, is addressed or sent, for whom the item is intended.


lexentry: eng/adduction__Noun__1
written_rep: adduction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: addukcja
sense_list:
(anatomy) The action by which the parts of the body are drawn towards its axis; -- opposed to abduction.


lexentry: eng/adductor__Noun__1
written_rep: adductor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adduktor | przywodziciel
sense_list:
(anatomy) A muscle which draws a limb or part of the body toward the middle line of the body, or closes extended parts of the body; -- opposed to abductor


lexentry: eng/adelphophagy__Noun__1
written_rep: adelphophagy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adelfofagia
sense_list:
The consumption of one embryo by another in utero, particularly among certain amphibians, sharks and fishes


lexentry: eng/adenine__Noun__1
written_rep: adenine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adenina
sense_list:
(biochemistry, genetics) A base, C5H5N5, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.


lexentry: eng/adenoid__Noun__1
written_rep: adenoid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adenoid | migdałek gardłowy
sense_list:
(symptom) an abnormally enlarged mass of lymphatic tissue at the back of the pharynx, often obstructing the nasal and ear passages and hindering speaking and breathing in young children.


lexentry: eng/adenoidectomy__Noun__1
written_rep: adenoidectomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adenotomia
sense_list:
(surgery) Surgical removal of the adenoids, or of adenoid growths in the nasopharynx; commonly performed along with tonsillectomy.


lexentry: eng/adenopathy__Noun__1
written_rep: adenopathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adenopatia
sense_list:
(pathology) Swelling or enlargement of the glands (especially the lymph nodes); any glandular disease.


lexentry: eng/adenosine__Noun__1
written_rep: adenosine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adenozyna
sense_list:
(biochemistry, genetics, organic compound) A nucleoside derived from adenine and ribose, found in striated muscle tissue. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/adenosine_monophosphate__Noun__1
written_rep: adenosine monophosphate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adenozynomonofosforan
sense_list:
(biochemistry) a nucleotide, found in all animal muscle cells, reversibly convertible to adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate


lexentry: eng/adenosine_triphosphate__Noun__1
written_rep: adenosine triphosphate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adenozynotrójfosforan
sense_list:
(biochemistry, neurotransmitter) a nucleotide that is used as a source of energy in cellular reactions, in the synthesis of nucleic acids, and as a neurotransmitter recognised by purinergic receptors


lexentry: eng/adenovirus__Noun__1
written_rep: adenovirus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adenowirus
sense_list:
(medicine) Any virus of the family Adenoviridae, many of which are responsible for respiratory infections in humans


lexentry: eng/adessive_case__Noun__1
written_rep: adessive case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adessivus
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun case used to indicate adjacent location. In English, this is usually expressed by the prepositions near, at, or by, as in "by the house." Languages that use the adessive case include Finnish, Hungarian, Estonian, Lezgi and Lithuanian.


lexentry: eng/adhan__Noun__1
written_rep: adhan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adhan
sense_list:
(Islam) The call to prayer, which consisted originally of simply four takbirs followed by the statement (أَشْهَدُ أَنْ) لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله.


lexentry: eng/adhesion__Noun__1
written_rep: adhesion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adhezja
sense_list:
The ability of a substance to stick to an unlike substance. | (biochemistry) The binding of a cell to a surface or substrate.


lexentry: eng/adhocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: adhocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adhokracja
sense_list:
(business, organizational theory) An organizational system designed to be flexible and responsive to the needs of the moment rather than excessively bureaucratic. [from 1964.]


lexentry: eng/adiabat__Noun__1
written_rep: adiabat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adiabata
sense_list:
(physics) The curve on a graph of pressure and temperature which gives the adiabatic heating or cooling of a gas.


lexentry: eng/adiabatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: adiabatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adiabatyczny
sense_list:
(physics, thermodynamics, of a process) That occurs without gain or loss of heat (and thus with no change in entropy, in the quasistatic approximation).


lexentry: eng/adicity__Noun__1
written_rep: adicity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argumentowość
sense_list:
(logic, mathematics, computer science) The number of arguments or operands a function or operation takes. For a relation, the number of domains in the corresponding Cartesian product.


lexentry: eng/adipic__Adjective__1
written_rep: adipic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adypinowy
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Pertaining to, or derived from, fatty or oily substances; applied to certain acids obtained from fats by the action of nitric acid.


lexentry: eng/adipic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: adipic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas adypinowy
sense_list:
(organic compound) A white crystalline dicarboxylic acid, C4H8(COOH)2; it has many industrial applications; when condensed with hexamethylene diamine it produces nylon.


lexentry: eng/adipocere__Noun__1
written_rep: adipocere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tłuszczowosk
sense_list:
A brown, fatty, waxy substance (fatty acids) that forms on dead animal tissues in response to hydrolysis


lexentry: eng/adit__Noun__1
written_rep: adit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztolnia
sense_list:
A horizontal or nearly horizontal passage from the surface into a mine, as contrasted with a shaft or vertical entry passage. An adit may be used for ventilation, haulage, drainage, or other purposes.


lexentry: eng/adjika__Noun__1
written_rep: adjika
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adżika | adżyka
sense_list:
A hot, spicy but subtly flavoured paste often used to flavour food, mainly in the Caucasian regions of Abkhazia and Samegrelo.


lexentry: eng/adjourn__Verb__1
written_rep: adjourn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odkładać
sense_list:
(transitive) To postpone. | (transitive) To defer; to put off temporarily or indefinitely. | (intransitive) To end or suspend an event. | (intransitive, formal, uncommon) To move as a group from one place to another.


lexentry: eng/adjunct_professor__Noun__1
written_rep: adjunct professor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adiunkt | adiunktka
sense_list:
(US, education) A college professor who is employed part-time or for a limited time, is junior to a full professor, or is otherwise not eligible for tenure.


lexentry: eng/adjunction__Noun__1
written_rep: adjunction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adiunkcja
sense_list:
The act of joining; the thing joined or added. | (category theory) Given a pair of categories \mathcal{C} and \mathcal{D}: an anti-parallel pair of functors F:\mathcal{C}\rightarrow \mathcal{D} and G:\mathcal{D}\rightarrow \mathcal{C} and a natural transformation \eta:\mbox{id}_C \rightarrow GF called “unit” such that for any object A \in \mathcal{C}, for any object B \in \mathcal{D}, and for any morphism f:A\rightarrow GB, there is a unique morphism g:FA\rightarrow B such that Gg \circ \eta_A = f. (Note: there is another natural transformation called “counit” as well but its existence may be derived by theorem.) The pair of functors express a similarity between the pair of categories which is weaker than that of an equivalence of categories.


lexentry: eng/adjutant__Noun__1
written_rep: adjutant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adiutant | adiutantka
sense_list:
(military rank) A lower-ranking officer who assists a higher-ranking officer with administrative affairs.


lexentry: eng/adjuvant__Noun__1
written_rep: adjuvant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: adiuwant
sense_list:
(agriculture) An additive (often a separate product) that enhances the efficacy of pesticide products, but has little or no pesticidal activity itself. [from mid 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/admin__Noun__1
written_rep: admin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: admin
sense_list:
(countable, informal, computing) A systems administrator (one who maintains a computer system or network).


lexentry: eng/administer__Verb__1
written_rep: administer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: administrować | zarządzać
sense_list:
(transitive) To manage or supervise the conduct, performance or execution of; to govern or regulate the parameters for the conduct, performance or execution of; to work in an administrative capacity.


lexentry: eng/administer__Verb__1
written_rep: administer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: aplikować | podawać | podać | zaaplikować | zadawać | zadać
sense_list:
(transitive, medicine) To cause (a patient, human or animal) to ingest (a drug), either by openly offering or through deceit.


lexentry: eng/administration__Noun__1
written_rep: administration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: administracja
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of administering; government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction. | (countable, government, politics) The executive part of government; the persons collectively who are entrusted with the execution of laws and the superintendence of public affairs; the chief magistrate and his cabinet or council; or the council, or ministry, alone, as in Great Britain.


lexentry: eng/administrator__Noun__1
written_rep: administrator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: administrator | zarządca | administratorka | zarządczyni
sense_list:
One who administers affairs; one who directs, manages, executes, or dispenses, whether in civil, judicial, political, or ecclesiastical affairs; a manager


lexentry: eng/administrator__Noun__1
written_rep: administrator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zarządca | zarządczyni
sense_list:
(legal) A person who manages or settles the estate of an intestate, or of a testator when there is no competent executor; one to whom the right of administration has been committed by competent authority


lexentry: eng/administrator__Noun__1
written_rep: administrator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: administrator | administratorka
sense_list:
(computing) One who is responsible for software installation, management, information and maintenance of a computer or network


lexentry: eng/admiral__Noun__1
written_rep: admiral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: admirał
sense_list:
A naval officer of the highest rank; the commander of a country's naval forces. | A naval officer of high rank, immediately below Admiral of the Fleet; the commander of a fleet or squadron. | Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genera Kaniska, Limenitis and Vanessa, especially a red admiral or white admiral.


lexentry: eng/admiral_of_the_fleet__Noun__1
written_rep: admiral of the fleet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: admirał floty
sense_list:
(military, UK) the highest rank in the Royal Navy and other navies, NATO grade OF-10, usually reserved for wartime and ceremonial use.


lexentry: eng/admiralty__Noun__1
written_rep: admiralty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: admiralicja
sense_list:
(military) The office or jurisdiction of an admiral. | (military) The department or officers having authority over naval affairs generally. | (military) The building in which the lords of the admiralty, in England, transact business.


lexentry: eng/admit__Verb__1
written_rep: admit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dopuszczać | dopuścić | wpuszczać | wpuścić
sense_list:
(transitive) To allow to enter; to grant entrance (to), whether into a place, into the mind, or into consideration


lexentry: eng/admit__Verb__1
written_rep: admit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przyznawać | przyznać
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To concede as true; to acknowledge or assent to, as an allegation which it is impossible to deny (+ to).


lexentry: eng/admonish__Verb__1
written_rep: admonish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ganić
sense_list:
(transitive) To inform or notify of a fault; to rebuke gently or kindly, but seriously; to tell off.


lexentry: eng/admonish__Verb__1
written_rep: admonish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ostrzec
sense_list:
(transitive, with of or against) To advise against wrongdoing; to caution; to warn against danger or an offense.


lexentry: eng/adoption__Noun__1
written_rep: adoption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: adopcja | adoptacja | przysposobienie | usynowienie
sense_list:
The state of being adopted; the acceptance of a child of other parents as if he or she were one's own child.


lexentry: eng/adoptionism__Noun__1
written_rep: adoptionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adopcjanizm
sense_list:
(Christianity) A form of Christianity which maintains that Jesus is divine only in the sense that God the Father adopted him, either at Jesus' birth, or at his death, as opposed to the orthodox understanding of the nature of the Trinity.


lexentry: eng/adposition__Noun__1
written_rep: adposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyimek
sense_list:
(grammar) An element that combines syntactically with a phrase and indicates how that phrase should be interpreted in the surrounding context; a preposition or postposition.


lexentry: eng/adrenal_gland__Noun__1
written_rep: adrenal gland
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nadnercze
sense_list:
(anatomy) In mammals, either of a pair of complex endocrine glands, situated above each kidney, secreting hormones which control the heart rate, blood pressure, and metabolism.


lexentry: eng/adrenaline_junkie__Noun__1
written_rep: adrenaline junkie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adrenalinowiec
sense_list:
(colloquial) One who is seemingly addicted to the sensation of exhilaration associated with risky behaviors or exciting situations, and who actively seeks such opportunities.


lexentry: eng/adsorber__Noun__1
written_rep: adsorber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adsorber
sense_list:
Something which adsorbs, especially a solid material, such as activated carbon, that has a high surface area and is used to capture a gas or liquid


lexentry: eng/adsorption__Noun__1
written_rep: adsorption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adsorpcja
sense_list:
The adhesion of a liquid or gas on the surface of a solid material, forming a thin film on the surface.


lexentry: eng/adstratum__Noun__1
written_rep: adstratum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adstrat
sense_list:
(linguistics) Any language having elements that are responsible for change in neighbouring languages


lexentry: eng/adularia__Noun__1
written_rep: adularia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adular
sense_list:
(mineral) A variety of orthoclase feldspar found as colorless to white prismatic crystals in cavities in metamorphic rocks. Some specimens reflect a bluish sheen along crystal faces. This phenomenon is called adularescence, and adularia with this property is called moonstone. (See sanidine).


lexentry: eng/adult__Adjective__1
written_rep: adult
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dla dorosłych
sense_list:
(of a beverage) Containing alcohol, intended for consumption only by adults. | (of a cookie, gummy, etc.) Containing marijuana, intended for consumption only by adults. | Containing excessive vulgar or profane speech, text or images, intended only for adults.


lexentry: eng/adultery__Noun__1
written_rep: adultery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cudzołóstwo | zdrada małżeńska
sense_list:
(biblical, narrowly) Sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their spouse. See more synonyms at Thesaurus:cuckoldry


lexentry: eng/adulthood__Noun__1
written_rep: adulthood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dorosłość
sense_list:
The time period of a human being's majority; the time during which a human being has reached physical maturity, and ending with its death.


lexentry: eng/adumbration__Noun__1
written_rep: adumbration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ślad
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, figuratively) A rough or symbolic representation; a vague indication of what is to come, a foreshadowing.


lexentry: eng/advance__Noun__1
written_rep: advance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: awanse
sense_list:
(often, in the plural) An opening approach or overture, now especially of an unwelcome or sexual nature.


lexentry: eng/advance__Verb__1
written_rep: advance
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zaawansować
sense_list:
To provide (money or other value) before it is due, or in expectation of some work; to lend. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/advance_guard__Noun__1
written_rep: advance guard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: awangarda
sense_list:
A unit or units leading the way of advancing or marching troops, guarding them from ambushes, reconnoitering and pursuing the enemy, etc.


lexentry: eng/advance_payment__Noun__1
written_rep: advance payment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akonto | awans | zadatek | zaliczka
sense_list:
The part of a contractually due sum that is paid or received in advance for a good, service or social security payment.


lexentry: eng/advanced__Adjective__1
written_rep: advanced
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaawansowany
sense_list:
At or close to the state of the art. (Can we add an example for this sense?) | In a late stage of development or education; having greatly progressed beyond an initial stage.


lexentry: eng/advantage__Noun__1
written_rep: advantage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaleta | korzyść
sense_list:
(countable) Any condition, circumstance, opportunity or means, particularly favorable or chance to success, or to any desired end.


lexentry: eng/advantage__Noun__1
written_rep: advantage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: awantaż | przewaga
sense_list:
(obsolete) Superiority; mastery; — used with of to specify its nature or with over to specify the other party.


lexentry: eng/advection__Noun__1
written_rep: advection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adwekcja
sense_list:
(earth science, chemistry) The horizontal movement of a body of atmosphere (or other fluid) along with a concurrent transport of its temperature, humidity etc. | (physics) The transport of a scalar by bulk fluid motion.


lexentry: eng/advection_fog__Noun__1
written_rep: advection fog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mgła adwekcyjna
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology) A type of fog caused by the passage of moist air horizontally over a relatively colder surface and the consequent cooling of that air to below its dew point.


lexentry: eng/adventitious__Adjective__1
written_rep: adventitious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dorobek
sense_list:
From an external source; not innate or inherent, foreign. | (genetics, medicine) Not congenital; acquired.


lexentry: eng/adventure__Noun__1
written_rep: adventure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przygoda | awantura
sense_list:
A daring feat; a bold undertaking, in which dangers are likely to be encountered, and the issue is staked upon unforeseen events; the encountering of risks.


lexentry: eng/adventure_game__Noun__1
written_rep: adventure game
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gra przygodowa | przygodówka
sense_list:
(video games) A computer or video game of the genre characterized by investigation, exploration, puzzle-solving, interaction with game characters, and a focus on narrative rather than reflex-based challenges.


lexentry: eng/adventurism__Noun__1
written_rep: adventurism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: awanturnictwo
sense_list:
(politics) The taking of excessive risks by a government in their political, economic or foreign affairs. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/adventurous__Adjective__1
written_rep: adventurous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żądny przygód | awanturniczy | zawadiacki | śmiały
sense_list:
(of a, person) Inclined to adventure; willing to take risks; prone to embark on hazardous enterprises; daring.


lexentry: eng/adverb__Noun__1
written_rep: adverb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przysłówek | adverbium | adwerbium
sense_list:
(grammar) A word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverbs, or various other types of words, phrases, or clauses. | (programming) In the Raku programming language, a named parameter that modifies the behavior of a routine.


lexentry: eng/adverbial_participle__Noun__1
written_rep: adverbial participle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: imiesłów przysłówkowy
sense_list:
(grammar) A participle that modifies a verb in the same sentence and is equivalent to an adverbial clause in English. Adverbial participles may denote time, condition, cause, concession, manner, means, purpose, or attendant circumstance.


lexentry: eng/adverse__Adjective__1
written_rep: adverse
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niekorzystny | niepomyślny | niesprzyjający
sense_list:
Unfavorable; antagonistic in purpose or effect; hostile; actively opposing one's interests or wishes; contrary to one's welfare; acting against; working in an opposing direction. | (not comparable) Opposite; confronting.


lexentry: eng/adverse_possession__Noun__1
written_rep: adverse possession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zasiedzenie
sense_list:
(legal) A means of acquiring title to another's real property without compensation by occupying the property in a manner that has under common law the requirements of being actual, open and notorious, exclusive, hostile, under cover of claim or right, and continuous for a certain number of years.


lexentry: eng/adversity__Noun__1
written_rep: adversity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeciwność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of adverse conditions; state of misfortune or calamity. | (countable) An event that is adverse; calamity.


lexentry: eng/advertise__Verb__1
written_rep: advertise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ogłaszać | ogłosić
sense_list:
(transitive) To give (especially public) notice of (something); to announce publicly. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/advertise__Verb__1
written_rep: advertise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ogłaszać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To provide information about a person or goods and services to influence others. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/advertise__Verb__1
written_rep: advertise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: reklamować
sense_list:
(transitive) To provide public information about (a product, service etc.) in order to attract public awareness and increase sales. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/advertising_agency__Noun__1
written_rep: advertising agency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agencja reklamowa
sense_list:
a business enterprise dedicated to creating, planning and handling advertising on behalf of its client companies.


lexentry: eng/advocate__Noun__1
written_rep: advocate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adwokat | adwokatka
sense_list:
Someone whose job is to speak for someone's case in a court of law; a counsel. [from 14th c.] | A person who speaks in support of something, or someone. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/advocate__Verb__1
written_rep: advocate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: adwokatować
sense_list:
(transitive) To encourage support for something. | (Scots law, in higher courts) To call a case before itself for decision.


lexentry: eng/adware__Noun__1
written_rep: adware
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adware | oprogramowanie reklamowe
sense_list:
(computing) A software application that includes advertisements, which are displayed while the software is running. Developers use adware as a source of income and to keep the costs of the software down (usually making it free). Some adware programs can include spyware.


lexentry: eng/adytum__Noun__1
written_rep: adytum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adyton
sense_list:
(Ancient Greece, religion) The innermost sanctuary or shrine in a temple, from where oracles were given.


lexentry: eng/adze__Noun__1
written_rep: adze
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciesak | ciosła | cieślica | cioska | topór ciesielski
sense_list:
A cutting tool that has a curved blade set at a right angle to the handle and is used in shaping wood.


lexentry: eng/aedile__Noun__1
written_rep: aedile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: edyl
sense_list:
(historical, Ancient Rome) An elected official who was responsible for the maintenance of public buildings, regulation of festivals, supervision of markets and the supply of grain and water.


lexentry: eng/aegis__Noun__1
written_rep: aegis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: egida
sense_list:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) A mythological shield associated with the Greek deities Zeus and Athena (and their Roman counterparts Jupiter and Minerva) shown as a short cloak made of goatskin worn on the shoulders, more as an emblem of power and protection than a military shield. The aegis of Athena or Minerva is usually shown with a border of snakes and with the head of Medusa in the center. [from early 17th c.] | (figuratively) Usually as under the aegis: guidance, protection; endorsement, sponsorship.


lexentry: eng/aeolian_harp__Noun__1
written_rep: aeolian harp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: harfa eolska
sense_list:
(musical instrument) An open box over which strings are stretched that sound when the wind passes over them


lexentry: eng/aequorin__Noun__1
written_rep: aequorin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akworyna
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A photoprotein, isolated from luminescent jellyfish and other marine organisms, composed of two distinct units: the apoprotein apoaequorin and the prosthetic group coelenterazine.


lexentry: eng/aeration__Noun__1
written_rep: aeration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aeracja
sense_list:
By extension, a process in which other gases (such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen or argon) are circulated through or mixed with a substance (usually liquid), sometimes with the consequence of increasing the transfer of air into the same liquid at the surface due to the induced circulation.


lexentry: eng/aerial__Noun__1
written_rep: aerial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antena
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, UK) A rod, wire, or other structure for receiving or transmitting radio, television signals etc.


lexentry: eng/aerial_photography__Noun__1
written_rep: aerial photography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerofotografia
sense_list:
The activity or technique of photographing the earth's surface from an aircraft, rocket, etc. | Photographs taken by this means, collectively.


lexentry: eng/aerobe__Noun__1
written_rep: aerobe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerob | aerobiont | oksybiont | tlenowiec
sense_list:
(biology) Any organism (but especially a bacterium) that can tolerate the presence of oxygen, or that needs oxygen to survive.


lexentry: eng/aerobics__Noun__1
written_rep: aerobics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerobik
sense_list:
A form of exercise, designed to enhance one's cardiovascular fitness, normally performed to music. [1968]


lexentry: eng/aerobiology__Noun__1
written_rep: aerobiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerobiologia
sense_list:
(biology) The study of the dispersion of airborne biological materials, as pollen, spores, microorganisms, or viruses.


lexentry: eng/aerodynamics__Noun__1
written_rep: aerodynamics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerodynamika
sense_list:
The science of the dynamics of bodies moving relative to gases, especially the interaction of moving objects with the atmosphere


lexentry: eng/aerogel__Noun__1
written_rep: aerogel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerożel
sense_list:
A porous, ultralight solid-state substance, similar to gel, in which the liquid component is replaced with gas.


lexentry: eng/aerogram__Noun__1
written_rep: aerogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aerogram
sense_list:
A thin piece of foldable and gummed paper for writing a letter and serving as its own envelope for transit via airmail.


lexentry: eng/aerology__Noun__1
written_rep: aerology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerologia
sense_list:
The branch of meteorology involving the observation of the atmosphere by means of balloons, kites, rockets, drones, airplanes, etc.


lexentry: eng/aeromechanics__Noun__1
written_rep: aeromechanics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aeromechanika
sense_list:
(physics) The branch of mechanics that deals with the motion of gases; it comprises aerostatics and aerodynamics


lexentry: eng/aerometric__Adjective__1
written_rep: aerometric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerometryczny
sense_list:
Describing any measurement of a physical property of air (or other gases), but especially of temperature, pressure and velocity.


lexentry: eng/aerometry__Noun__1
written_rep: aerometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerometria
sense_list:
The science of measuring the air, including its pressure, density, quality, direction and condensation; pneumatics.


lexentry: eng/aeronautics__Noun__1
written_rep: aeronautics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aeronautyka | lotnictwo
sense_list:
The design, construction, mathematics and mechanics of aircraft and other flying objects | The theory and practice of aircraft navigation


lexentry: eng/aeronomy__Noun__1
written_rep: aeronomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aeronomia
sense_list:
A branch of science that deals with the upper atmosphere of the Earth and the other planets with reference to their chemical composition, physical properties, relative motion, and responses to radiation from space.


lexentry: eng/aerophobia__Noun__1
written_rep: aerophobia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerofobia
sense_list:
(medical) A pathological aversion or sensitivity to air or the movement of air, especially as a symptom of rabies. | An aversion to fresh air, drafts or breezes.


lexentry: eng/aerophone__Noun__1
written_rep: aerophone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerofon
sense_list:
Any musical instrument which produces sound primarily by causing a body of air to vibrate, without the use of strings or membranes, and without the vibration of the instrument itself adding considerably to the sound.


lexentry: eng/aerophore__Noun__1
written_rep: aerophore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: aerofor
sense_list:
(underwater diving, historical) A predecessor of the aqualung, invented by Benoit Rouquayrol and Auguste Denayrouze 1865


lexentry: eng/aeroscope__Noun__1
written_rep: aeroscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aeroskop
sense_list:
A device used to collect dust particles, spores etc from the air for subsequent analysis. | A type of compressed air camera for making films, constructed by Polish inventor Kazimierz Prószyński in 1909


lexentry: eng/aerostat__Noun__1
written_rep: aerostat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerostat
sense_list:
An aircraft, such as a dirigible or balloon, that derives its lift from buoyancy rather than from wings or rotors. | A moored balloon flown in a semi-permanent manner, such as a border patrol monitoring balloon affixed at 18,000 feet (~6 km).


lexentry: eng/aerostatics__Noun__1
written_rep: aerostatics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerostatyka
sense_list:
(physics) the study of gases in equilibrium and of balloons or aircraft in varying atmospheric conditions


lexentry: eng/aerothermodynamics__Noun__1
written_rep: aerothermodynamics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerotermodynamika | gazodynamika
sense_list:
(physics) The scientific study of the thermodynamic properties of gases, especially when travelling at a high velocity.


lexentry: eng/aesthete__Noun__1
written_rep: aesthete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: esteta | estetka
sense_list:
(often, derogatory) Someone who cultivates an unusually high sensitivity to beauty, as in art or nature, often in a manner perceived to prioritize beauty over other qualities such as virtue and utility.


lexentry: eng/aetiology__Noun__1
written_rep: aetiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: etiologia
sense_list:
(medicine, uncountable) The study or investigation of the causes of disease; a scientific explanation for the origin of a disease.


lexentry: eng/affable__Adjective__1
written_rep: affable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arcymiły | sympatyczny
sense_list:
Receiving others kindly and conversing with them in a free and friendly manner; friendly, courteous, sociable.


lexentry: eng/affair__Noun__1
written_rep: affair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sprawa
sense_list:
(often in the plural) Something which is done or is to be done; business of any kind, commercial, professional, or public.


lexentry: eng/affair__Noun__1
written_rep: affair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: romans
sense_list:
An adulterous relationship (from affaire de cœur, affair of the heart). | A person with whom someone has an adulterous relationship.


lexentry: eng/affect__Noun__1
written_rep: affect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afekt
sense_list:
(psychology) A subjective feeling experienced in response to a thought or other stimulus; mood, emotion, especially as demonstrated in external physical signs. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/affect__Verb__2
written_rep: affect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afektować
sense_list:
(transitive) To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to assume. To make a false display of. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/affected__Adjective__1
written_rep: affected
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: egzaltowany | pretensjonalny
sense_list:
Behaving or speaking in an artificial or insincere manner, often to impress or appear sophisticated.


lexentry: eng/affection__Noun__1
written_rep: affection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: afekt
sense_list:
The state of being affected, especially: a change in, or alteration of, the emotional state of a person or other animal, caused by a subjective affect (a subjective feeling or emotion), which arises in response to a stimulus which may result from either thought or perception. | A feeling of love or strong attachment.


lexentry: eng/affectionate__Adjective__1
written_rep: affectionate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czuły | kochający
sense_list:
(of a person) Having affection or warm regard; loving; fond. | (of an action, etc.) Characterised by or proceeding from affection; indicating love; tender.


lexentry: eng/affective__Adjective__1
written_rep: affective
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afektywny
sense_list:
Relating to, resulting from, or influenced by the emotions. | Emotional; emotionally charged; affecting.


lexentry: eng/affiliate__Verb__1
written_rep: affiliate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: afiliować
sense_list:
(intransitive, followed by "to" or "with") To attach (to) or unite (with); to receive into a society as a member, and initiate into its mysteries, plans, etc.


lexentry: eng/affiliate_marketing__Noun__1
written_rep: affiliate marketing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: marketing afiliacyjny
sense_list:
A specialized form of marketing where an advertiser seeks to advertise or sell products or services through an affiliate network.


lexentry: eng/affination__Noun__1
written_rep: affination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afinacja
sense_list:
Part of the traditional sugar refining process in which molasses is removed from sugar crystals by washing with a heavy syrup


lexentry: eng/affine__Adjective__1
written_rep: affine
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: afiniczny
sense_list:
(not comparable, geometry) Of or pertaining to a function expressible as f(\vec x)= A \vec x + \vec b (where A is a linear transformation and \vec b is a constant), which, regarded as a transformation, maps parallel lines to parallel lines and finite points to finite points.


lexentry: eng/affinity__Noun__1
written_rep: affinity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: powinowactwo
sense_list:
A family relationship through marriage of a relative (e.g. sister-in-law), as opposed to consanguinity (e.g. sister). | A kinsman or kinswoman of a such relationship; one who is affinal.


lexentry: eng/affirm__Verb__1
written_rep: affirm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afirmować | potwierdzać | potwierdzić
sense_list:
To agree, verify or concur; to answer positively. | To assert positively; to tell with confidence; to aver; to maintain as true. | To make firm; to confirm, or ratify; especially (legal) to assert or confirm, as a judgment, decree, or order, brought before an appellate court for review.


lexentry: eng/affirmation__Noun__1
written_rep: affirmation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afirmacja
sense_list:
That which is affirmed; a declaration that something is true. | A form of self-forced meditation or repetition; autosuggestion.


lexentry: eng/affirmative_action__Noun__1
written_rep: affirmative action
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcja afirmatywna
sense_list:
(uncountable) A set of policies or programs providing advantages for people of a group who are seen to have traditionally been the target of discrimination


lexentry: eng/afford__Verb__1
written_rep: afford
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pozwalać | pozwolić
sense_list:
To incur, stand, or bear without serious detriment, as an act which might under other circumstances be injurious; (usually, after an expression of ability, as could, able, difficult) to be able or rich enough.


lexentry: eng/affordability__Noun__1
written_rep: affordability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przystępność
sense_list:
The extent or degree to which something is affordable, as measured by its cost relative to the amount that the purchaser is able to pay.


lexentry: eng/affordance__Noun__1
written_rep: affordance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: afordancja | dostarczant
sense_list:
(human-machine interaction) A potential transaction or operation that is made possible by a given object or environment; especially, one that is made easily discoverable.


lexentry: eng/afforestation__Noun__1
written_rep: afforestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zalesianie | zalesienie
sense_list:
The act or process of creating a new forest where none had existed before, or reforestation of areas long deforested.


lexentry: eng/afield__Adverb__1
written_rep: afield
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieopodal
sense_list:
Away (from the home or starting point, physical or conceptual); usually preceded by far (or farther, further).


lexentry: eng/aflatoxin__Noun__1
written_rep: aflatoxin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aflatoksyna
sense_list:
(poison) Any of a family of mycotoxins, produced by molds of the Aspergillus genus, that can be toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic; typically found as contaminants of animal food or peanuts.


lexentry: eng/afrobeat__Noun__1
written_rep: afrobeat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afrobeat
sense_list:
(music) Music that combines West African musical styles (such as traditional Yoruba music and highlife) with American funk, jazz, and soul influences, with a focus on chanted vocals, complex intersecting rhythms, and percussion.


lexentry: eng/after__Preposition__1
written_rep: after
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: za
sense_list:
Behind. | In pursuit of, seeking. | (Irish, Newfoundland, usually, preceded by a form of be, followed by an -ing form of a verb) Used to indicate recent completion of an activity


lexentry: eng/after_all__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: after all
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w końcu | przecież
sense_list:
(idiomatic) anyway, in any case; indicates a statement is true regardless of other considerations; used to reinforce or explain a point.


lexentry: eng/after_all__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: after all
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: jednak
sense_list:
(idiomatic) in the end, however; used in referring to something that was believed to be the case, but is not; or to an outcome that is not what was expected or predicted.


lexentry: eng/afterbirth__Noun__1
written_rep: afterbirth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostatni
sense_list:
The placenta and other material expelled via the birth canal following childbirth or parturition in mammals.


lexentry: eng/aftermath__Noun__1
written_rep: aftermath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otawa | potraw
sense_list:
(obsolete, agriculture) A second mowing; the grass which grows after the first crop of hay in the same season.


lexentry: eng/aftermath__Noun__1
written_rep: aftermath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: następstwo | pokłosie
sense_list:
That which happens after, that which follows, usually of strongly negative connotation in most contexts, implying a preceding catastrophe.


lexentry: eng/afternoon_tea__Noun__1
written_rep: afternoon tea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podwieczorek
sense_list:
(UK) A formal afternoon meal comprising light snacks, accompanied by tea. | (Australia, NZ, Hong Kong) A small meal or snack eaten between lunch and dinner (supper); a period of time set aside for this purpose, taken as a break from work or from a conference.


lexentry: eng/aftershock__Noun__1
written_rep: aftershock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wstrząs wtórny
sense_list:
An earthquake that follows in the same vicinity as another, usually larger, earthquake (the "mainshock").


lexentry: eng/again__Adverb__1
written_rep: again
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: znowu | znów | ponownie | od nowa | apiać | jeszcze raz
sense_list:
Used metalinguistically, with the repetition being in the discussion, or in the linguistic or pragmatic context of the discussion, rather than in the subject of discussion. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/again__Adverb__1
written_rep: again
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: znów
sense_list:
Tell me again, say again; used in asking a question to which one may have already received an answer that one cannot remember.


lexentry: eng/against__Preposition__1
written_rep: against
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeciw | pod
sense_list:
In a contrary direction to. | (Hollywood) To be paid now in contrast to the following amount to be paid later under specified circumstances, usually that a movie is made or has started filming.


lexentry: eng/against_the_grain__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: against the grain
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pod prąd | pod wiatr | pod włos
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Contrary to what is expected; especially, of behavior different from what society expects.


lexentry: eng/agalmatolite__Noun__1
written_rep: agalmatolite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agalmatolit | pagodyt
sense_list:
(mineral) A soft, compact stone, of a grayish, greenish, or yellowish color, carved into images by the Chinese, and hence called figure stone, and pagodite. It is probably a variety of pinite.


lexentry: eng/agape__Noun__1
written_rep: agape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agapa | agape
sense_list:
(uncountable, Christianity) The love of God for mankind, or the benevolent love of Christians for others. | (countable) A love feast, especially one held in the early Christian Church in connection with the Eucharist.


lexentry: eng/agar__Noun__1
written_rep: agar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agar-agar | agar
sense_list:
A gelatinous material obtained from red algae, especially Gracilaria species, used as a bacterial culture medium, in electrophoresis and as a food additive.


lexentry: eng/agate__Noun__1
written_rep: agate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agat
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, mineral) A semitransparent, uncrystallized silicate mineral and semiprecious stone, presenting various tints in the same specimen, with colors delicately arranged and often curved in parallel alternating dark and light stripes or bands, or blended in clouds; various authorities call it a variety of chalcedony, a variety of quartz, or a combination of the two. | (slang, usually, in the plural) A testicle.


lexentry: eng/agave__Noun__1
written_rep: agave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agawa
sense_list:
Any plant in the large, variable genus Agave: succulent plants, commonly armed with formidable prickles; they flower at maturity after several years, and generally die thereafter; large species, such as the maguey or century plant, (Agave americana), produce gigantic inflorescences. Several are of economic importance as sources of fibre such as sisal, and alcoholic beverages such as tequila.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
written_rep: age
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: era | wiek
sense_list:
(countable, poker) The right of the player to the left of the dealer to pass the first round in betting, and then to come in last or stay out; also, the player holding this position; the eldest hand.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
written_rep: age
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 14
trans_list: wiek | życie
sense_list:
(uncountable) That part of the duration of a being or a thing which is between its beginning and any given time; specifically the size of that part.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
written_rep: age
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 15
trans_list: dorosłość | pełnoletniość
sense_list:
(uncountable) Mature age; especially, the time of life at which one attains full personal rights and capacities.


lexentry: eng/age__Noun__1
written_rep: age
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 16
trans_list: wiek | etap | starość
sense_list:
(uncountable) An advanced period of life; the latter part of life; the state of being old, old age, senility; seniority.


lexentry: eng/age_of_consent__Noun__1
written_rep: age of consent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiek przyzwolenia
sense_list:
(legal) The age at which a person is legally considered to be mature enough to engage willingly in sexual intercourse, so that it is not a crime for someone else to have sex with the person.


lexentry: eng/age_of_majority__Noun__1
written_rep: age of majority
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pełnoletniość | pełnoletność
sense_list:
(legal) The age at which the rights and privileges of an adult are legally granted or recognized; i.e.; the age where a person ceases to be a minor legally and becomes a legal adult.


lexentry: eng/age_of_reason__Noun__1
written_rep: age of reason
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiek rozumu
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) Seven years of age, at which age a person is morally liable for the sins that he or she commits. | (by extension) Age at which a person is able to distinguish right from wrong and make their own decisions.


lexentry: eng/aged__Adjective__1
written_rep: aged
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sędziwy
sense_list:
Old. | (mostly, non-US) Having the age of. | Having undergone the improving effects of time; matured.


lexentry: eng/ageism__Noun__1
written_rep: ageism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ageizm
sense_list:
The treating of a person or people, especially youth or seniors, differently from others based on assumptions, prejudices or/and stereotypes relating to their age.


lexentry: eng/agency__Noun__1
written_rep: agency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: agencja
sense_list:
The office or function of an agent; also, the relationship between a principal and that person's agent. | An establishment engaged in doing business for another; also, the place of business or the district of such an agency. | A department or other administrative unit of a government; also, the office or headquarters of, or the district administered by such unit of government.


lexentry: eng/agenda__Noun__1
written_rep: agenda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agenda | porządek dzienny
sense_list:
A temporally organized plan for matters to be attended to. | A list of matters to be taken up (as at a meeting).


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
written_rep: agent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pełnomocnik | plenipotent
sense_list:
One who acts for, or in the place of, another (the principal), by that person's authority; someone entrusted to do the business of another


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
written_rep: agent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: czynnik | środek
sense_list:
An active power or cause or substance; something (e.g. biological, chemical, thermal, etc.) that has the power to produce an effect


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
written_rep: agent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: agent
sense_list:
(computing) In the client-server model, the part of the system that performs information preparation and exchange on behalf of a client or server. Especially in the phrase “intelligent agent” it implies some kind of autonomous process which can communicate with other agents to perform some collective task on behalf of one or more humans.


lexentry: eng/agent__Noun__1
written_rep: agent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: agens
sense_list:
(grammar) The participant of a situation that carries out the action in this situation, e.g. "the boy" in the sentences "The boy kicked the ball" and "The ball was kicked by the boy".


lexentry: eng/agent_noun__Noun__1
written_rep: agent noun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykonawca czasownika
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun that denotes an agent that performs the action denoted by the verb from which the noun is derived, such as "rider" derived from "to ride", or "cutter" derived from "to cut".


lexentry: eng/agent_provocateur__Noun__1
written_rep: agent provocateur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prowokator
sense_list:
A person who secretly disrupts a group's activities from within the group, particularly by encouraging or committing illegal acts to discredit the group or expose them to prosecution; an instigator, troublemaker.


lexentry: eng/aggiornamento__Noun__1
written_rep: aggiornamento
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reforma
sense_list:
A bringing up to date, especially of the Roman Catholic Church by the Second Vatican Council of 1962-65; modernization.


lexentry: eng/agglomerate__Noun__1
written_rep: agglomerate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aglomerat
sense_list:
A collection or mass. | (geology, vulcanology) A mass of angular volcanic fragments united by heat; distinguished from conglomerate.


lexentry: eng/agglomeration__Noun__1
written_rep: agglomeration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aglomeracja
sense_list:
The act or process of collecting in a mass; a heaping together. | State of being collected in a mass; a mass; cluster. | (geography) An extended city area comprising the built-up area of a central city and any suburbs linked by continuous urban area.


lexentry: eng/agglutinate__Verb__1
written_rep: agglutinate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aglutynować
sense_list:
(transitive) To unite, or cause to adhere, as with glue or other viscous substance; to unite by causing an adhesion of substances. | (linguistics) To form through agglutination.


lexentry: eng/agglutination__Noun__1
written_rep: agglutination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aglutynacja
sense_list:
(linguistics) Combination in which root words are united with little or no change of form or loss of meaning. See agglutinative. | The clumping together of red blood cells or bacteria, usually in response to a particular antibody.


lexentry: eng/agglutinin__Noun__1
written_rep: agglutinin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aglutynina
sense_list:
A substance that causes particles or cells to clump#Verb; it may be an antibody, a lectin, or otherwise.


lexentry: eng/aggravate__Verb__1
written_rep: aggravate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pogarszać
sense_list:
To make (an offence) worse or more severe; to increase in offensiveness or heinousness. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/aggravating_circumstance__Noun__1
written_rep: aggravating circumstance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okoliczność obciążająca
sense_list:
(legal, or general usage, chiefly, in the plural) A factor that increases the culpability or deleterious consequences of a wrongful act.


lexentry: eng/aggravation__Noun__1
written_rep: aggravation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pogarszający
sense_list:
An extrinsic circumstance or accident which increases the guilt of a crime or the misery of a calamity.


lexentry: eng/aggregate__Noun__1
written_rep: aggregate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agregat
sense_list:
A mass, assemblage, or sum of particulars; something consisting of elements but considered as a whole. | A mass formed by the union of homogeneous particles; – in distinction from a compound, formed by the union of heterogeneous particles.


lexentry: eng/aggregate__Noun__1
written_rep: aggregate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: kruszywo
sense_list:
Solid particles of low aspect ratio added to a composite material, as distinguished from the matrix and any fibers or reinforcements; especially the gravel and sand added to concrete.


lexentry: eng/aggressive__Adjective__1
written_rep: aggressive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agresywny | napastliwy | wojowniczy
sense_list:
Characterized by aggression; unjustly attacking; prone to behave in a way that involves attacking or arguing.


lexentry: eng/aggressor__Noun__1
written_rep: aggressor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agresor | agresorka
sense_list:
The person or country that first attacks or makes an aggression; that begins hostility or a quarrel; an assailant.


lexentry: eng/agility__Noun__1
written_rep: agility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwinność | zręczność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being agile; the power of moving the limbs quickly and easily; quickness of motion


lexentry: eng/agio__Noun__1
written_rep: agio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ażio
sense_list:
(economics, finance) The premium or percentage on a better sort of money when it is given in exchange for an inferior sort. The premium or discount on foreign bills of exchange is sometimes called agio.


lexentry: eng/agitate__Verb__1
written_rep: agitate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: agitować
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause to move with a violent, irregular action; to shake. [from 16th c.] | (transitive, now, rare) To mull over, or think deeply about; to consider, to devise. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/agitation__Noun__1
written_rep: agitation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agitacja
sense_list:
The act of agitating, or the state of being agitated; the state of being disrupted with violence, or with irregular action; commotion. | Excitement of public feeling by discussion, appeals, etc.


lexentry: eng/agnosticism__Noun__1
written_rep: agnosticism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: agnostycyzm
sense_list:
The view that the existence of God or of all deities is unknown, unknowable, unproven, or unprovable.


lexentry: eng/agnotology__Noun__1
written_rep: agnotology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agnotologia
sense_list:
The study of culturally-induced ignorance or doubt, particularly the publication of inaccurate or misleading scientific data.


lexentry: eng/agonist__Noun__1
written_rep: agonist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: agonista
sense_list:
(biochemistry, pharmacology) A molecule that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction.


lexentry: eng/agorism__Noun__1
written_rep: agorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agoryzm
sense_list:
(politics, economics) A revolutionary political philosophy that advocates the creation of a voluntaryist society by means of counter-economics (i.e. black market).


lexentry: eng/agranulocyte__Noun__1
written_rep: agranulocyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agranulocyt
sense_list:
(biochemistry) Any of several kinds of white blood cell characterised by the absence of granules in the cytoplasm.


lexentry: eng/agranulocytosis__Noun__1
written_rep: agranulocytosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agranulocytoza
sense_list:
(disease) An acute condition involving a severe and dangerous leukopenia, particularly of neutrophils, causing a neutropenia in the circulating blood.


lexentry: eng/agree__Verb__1
written_rep: agree
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zgadzać się | zgodzić się | uzgadniać | uzgodnić
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be in harmony about an opinion, statement, or action; to have a consistent idea between two or more people.


lexentry: eng/agreement__Noun__1
written_rep: agreement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zgoda | porozumienie
sense_list:
(uncountable) A state whereby several parties share a view or opinion; the state of not contradicting one another.


lexentry: eng/agreement__Noun__1
written_rep: agreement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: kongruencja | związek zgody
sense_list:
(uncountable, linguistics, grammar) Rules that exist in many languages that force some parts of a sentence to be used or inflected differently depending on certain attributes of other parts. | (obsolete, chiefly, _, in the plural) An agreeable quality.


lexentry: eng/agribusiness__Noun__1
written_rep: agribusiness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agrobiznes
sense_list:
(uncountable) Business (especially big business) connected to agriculture, either owning or operating large-scale farms, or catering to those who do. [from 1950s] | (countable) A business or group of businesses engaged in agriculture, particularly if using modern farming techniques in the process.


lexentry: eng/agriculture__Noun__1
written_rep: agriculture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rolnictwo
sense_list:
The art or science of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and management of livestock


lexentry: eng/agrimony__Noun__1
written_rep: agrimony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzepik | jabłecznik
sense_list:
Any of several perennial herbaceous plants, of the genus Agrimonia, that have spikes of yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/agritourism__Noun__1
written_rep: agritourism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agroturystyka
sense_list:
A form of tourism in which tourists stay in farms or agricultural villages, either to experience farm life, or as a base for exploring the countryside


lexentry: eng/agrochemical__Noun__1
written_rep: agrochemical
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agrochemikalia
sense_list:
(chemistry) A chemical compound, such as a hormone, fungicide, or insecticide, that improves the production of crops.


lexentry: eng/agroecosystem__Noun__1
written_rep: agroecosystem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agroekosystem
sense_list:
A conceptual model of an agricultural system (crop, farm or whole economy), relating its functions to its inputs and outputs.


lexentry: eng/agroforestry__Noun__1
written_rep: agroforestry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agroleśnictwo
sense_list:
An agricultural approach of using the interactive benefits from combining trees and shrubs with crops and/or livestock.


lexentry: eng/agronomy__Noun__1
written_rep: agronomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agronomia
sense_list:
The science of utilizing plants, animals and soils for food, fuel, feed, and fiber and more. To do this effectively and sustainably, agronomy encompasses work in the areas of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, animal sciences and soil science.


lexentry: eng/ah__Interjection__1
written_rep: ah
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: a | ach
sense_list:
An expression of relief, relaxation, comfort, confusion, understanding, wonder, awe, etc. according to uttered inflection.


lexentry: eng/ahead_of_one's_time__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: ahead of one's time
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyprzedzać swoje czasy
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In advance of concurrent commonly accepted ideas; showing characteristics of changes yet to be; present in one's work before later advances in the field.


lexentry: eng/aide-de-camp__Noun__1
written_rep: aide-de-camp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adiutant | adiutantka
sense_list:
A military officer who serves as an adjutant to a higher-ranking officer, prince or other high political dignitary.


lexentry: eng/aiglet__Noun__1
written_rep: aiglet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aglet | skuwka
sense_list:
A tip, originally of metal and often decorative, on a ribbon or cord that makes lacing two parts of a garment or garments together easier, as in corset lacings, "points" (lacing hose or trousers to jacket or doublet) or sleeves to a bodice.


lexentry: eng/ail__Verb__1
written_rep: ail
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brakować
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause to suffer; to trouble, afflict. (Now chiefly in interrogative or indefinite constructions.) | (intransitive) To be ill; to suffer; to be troubled.


lexentry: eng/ailette__Noun__1
written_rep: ailette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skrzydełko
sense_list:
(historical) A small square piece of armour, normally made of boiled leather, worn on the shoulders of knights.


lexentry: eng/aim__Verb__1
written_rep: aim
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: celować | mierzyć | wycelować
sense_list:
(transitive) To direct or point (e.g. a weapon), at a particular object; to direct, as a missile, an act, or a proceeding, at, to, or against an object


lexentry: eng/air__Noun__1
written_rep: air
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powietrze
sense_list:
(historical, philosophy, alchemy) understood as one of the four elements of the ancient Greeks and Romans. | (usually, with the) The apparently open space above the ground which this substance fills, (historical) formerly thought to be limited by the firmament but (meteorology) now considered to be surrounded by the near vacuum of outer space.


lexentry: eng/air_bed__Noun__1
written_rep: air bed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: materac nadmuchiwany
sense_list:
A bed that is inflated with air and used as a permanent or temporary bed. They are adjustable, and sometimes portable.


lexentry: eng/air_filter__Noun__1
written_rep: air filter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: filtr powietrza
sense_list:
A filter for removing dust and other particles from a stream of air, typically used in the air intake of an internal combustion engine, the output of an air compressor, the supply duct of a forced-air furnace, etc.


lexentry: eng/air_out__Verb__1
written_rep: air out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przewietrzać | przewietrzyć
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To expose to air; to leave open or spread out, as to allow odor or moisture to dissipate.


lexentry: eng/air_supremacy__Noun__1
written_rep: air supremacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przewaga w powietrzu
sense_list:
In a war, the most favorable state of control of the air: air superiority so complete that the opposing air force is incapable of effective interference.


lexentry: eng/air_traffic_control__Noun__1
written_rep: air traffic control
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kontrola ruchu lotniczego
sense_list:
A system designed to give assistance to aircraft, to prevent collisions and to manage aircraft flow.


lexentry: eng/airbag__Noun__1
written_rep: airbag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poduszka powietrzna
sense_list:
(automotive) A protective system in automobiles in which when a crash occurs, a bag containing nitrogen, formed by the explosive decomposition of sodium azide, quickly inflates in front of the driver or passenger, preventing injury to the head. Side air bags, including the back seat passengers, also prevent injury.


lexentry: eng/airbrush__Noun__1
written_rep: airbrush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerograf
sense_list:
A miniature, handheld paint sprayer, powered by compressed air or other gas, used for delicate, artistic painting, or sometimes retouching of photographs.


lexentry: eng/aircraft_carrier__Noun__1
written_rep: aircraft carrier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lotniskowiec | awiomatka
sense_list:
A warship designed to carry aircraft, serving as a seagoing air base, with a deck on which aircraft can be launched and landed.


lexentry: eng/airfield__Noun__1
written_rep: airfield
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aerodrom | lotnisko | lądowisko
sense_list:
(aviation) An open field designated for the taking off and landing of aircraft, but which, unlike an airport, does not necessarily have terminals or paved runways.


lexentry: eng/airport__Noun__1
written_rep: airport
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lotnisko | port lotniczy | aerodrom | aeroport
sense_list:
An airfield (an area designated for the takeoff and landing of aircraft), including one or more runways and (for commercial airports) one or more passenger terminals.


lexentry: eng/airspace__Noun__1
written_rep: airspace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestrzeń powietrzna
sense_list:
(politics, aviation) A specified portion of the atmosphere, especially that under the technical aviation control and/or jurisdiction of a particular state over which territory (and territorial waters) it lies.


lexentry: eng/ajvar__Noun__1
written_rep: ajvar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ajwar
sense_list:
relish made principally out of red bell peppers, sometimes with eggplant, garlic and chili pepper, predominantly popular in the Western Balkans


lexentry: eng/ajwain__Noun__1
written_rep: ajwain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ajowan | chropawiec wonny
sense_list:
A plant in the family Apiaceae (Trachyspermum ammi), and its seed-like fruit, which is used (especially in South Asian cooking) for its thyme-like flavor.


lexentry: eng/akanye__Noun__1
written_rep: akanye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akanie
sense_list:
(phonology) A case of vowel reduction in Slavic languages; the merger of pretonic non-high vowel phonemes (/o/, /e/ and /a/).


lexentry: eng/akin__Adjective__1
written_rep: akin
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pokrewny | spokrewniony | zbliżony
sense_list:
(often, followed by to) Allied by nature; similar; partaking of the same properties; of the same kind.


lexentry: eng/alalia__Noun__1
written_rep: alalia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alalia
sense_list:
(medicine, obsolete) The loss of the ability to speak, especially due to paralysis of the vocal cords. | (medicine) Speech delay, a delay in the development or use of the mechanisms that produce speech.


lexentry: eng/alanine__Noun__1
written_rep: alanine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alanina
sense_list:
(amino acid, uncountable) A nonessential amino acid 2-aminopropanoic acid found in most animal proteins


lexentry: eng/alarm__Noun__1
written_rep: alarm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alarm
sense_list:
A summons to arms, as on the approach of an enemy. | Any sound or information intended to give notice of approaching danger; a warning sound to arouse attention; a warning of danger. | Sudden surprise with fear or terror excited by apprehension of danger; in the military use, commonly, sudden apprehension of being attacked by surprise. | An instance of an alarm ringing, beeping or clanging, to give a noise signal at a certain time.


lexentry: eng/alarm__Verb__1
written_rep: alarm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: alarmować | zaalarmować
sense_list:
(transitive) To give (someone) notice of approaching danger, or necessary action; to rouse to vigilance; to put on the alert.


lexentry: eng/alb__Noun__1
written_rep: alb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alba
sense_list:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Anglicanism, Roman Catholicism) A long, white robe worn by priests and other ministers, underneath most of the other vestments.


lexentry: eng/albatross__Noun__1
written_rep: albatross
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albatros
sense_list:
Any of various large seabirds of the family Diomedeidae ranging widely in the Southern Ocean and the North Pacific and having a hooked beak and long narrow wings. | (golf) A double eagle, or three under par on any one hole, except a par 3 hole.


lexentry: eng/albatross_around_one's_neck__Noun__1
written_rep: albatross around one's neck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kamień u szyi
sense_list:
(idiomatic, figurative) A characteristic, possession, associate, or previous deed that hinders one's ability to succeed.


lexentry: eng/albedo__Noun__1
written_rep: albedo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albedo
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology, astronomy, optics) The fraction of incident light or radiation reflected by a surface or body, commonly expressed as a percentage. | (botany) The whitish inner portion of the rind of citrus fruits that is a source of pectin, commonly referred to as the pith.


lexentry: eng/albinism__Noun__1
written_rep: albinism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albinizm | bielactwo
sense_list:
Congenital lack of melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); the condition of being albino.


lexentry: eng/albino__Adjective__1
written_rep: albino
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albinotyczny | bielaczy
sense_list:
Congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); born with albinism.


lexentry: eng/albino__Noun__1
written_rep: albino
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albinos | albinoska
sense_list:
(countable) A person or animal congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); one born with albinism.


lexentry: eng/album__Noun__1
written_rep: album
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: album
sense_list:
A book specially designed to keep photographs, stamps, or autographs. | A phonograph record that is composed of several tracks | A jacket or cover for such a phonograph record. | A group of audio recordings, on any medium, intended for distribution as a group.


lexentry: eng/albumin__Noun__1
written_rep: albumin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albumina
sense_list:
(protein) Any of a class of monomeric proteins that are soluble in water, and are coagulated by heat; they occur in egg white, milk etc; they function as carrier protein for steroids, fatty acids, and thyroid hormones and play a role in stabilizing extracellular fluid volume.


lexentry: eng/alchemy__Noun__1
written_rep: alchemy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alchemia | alchimia
sense_list:
(uncountable) The premodern and early modern study of physical changes, particularly in Europe, Arabia, and China; and chiefly in pursuit of an elixir of immortality, a universal panacea, and/or a philosopher's stone able to transmute base metals into gold, eventually developing into chemistry.


lexentry: eng/alcid__Noun__1
written_rep: alcid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alka krzywonosa
sense_list:
(ornithology) A bird of the family Alcidae, including auks, auklets, razorbills, dovekies, guillemots, and puffins.


lexentry: eng/alcohol__Noun__1
written_rep: alcohol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkohol
sense_list:
(organic compound, countable) Any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).


lexentry: eng/alcoholism__Noun__1
written_rep: alcoholism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkoholizm | pijaństwo
sense_list:
A chronic disease caused by compulsive and uncontrollable consumption of alcoholic beverages, leading to addiction and deterioration in health and social functioning.


lexentry: eng/alcoholize__Verb__1
written_rep: alcoholize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkoholizować
sense_list:
To convert into alcohol by fermentation, or to increase the concentration of alcohol by rectification | To infuse or saturate with an alcoholic spirit | To subject to the influence of alcohol


lexentry: eng/alcohology__Noun__1
written_rep: alcohology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkohologia
sense_list:
(sociology) The study of the effects of alcohol; on living organisms, people or social environments.


lexentry: eng/aldehyde__Noun__1
written_rep: aldehyde
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aldehyd
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of a large class of reactive organic compounds (R·CHO) having a carbonyl functional group attached to one hydrocarbon radical and a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/alder_buckthorn__Noun__1
written_rep: alder buckthorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kruszyna pospolita
sense_list:
A deciduous shrub, Frangula alnus, native to Europe and neighboring areas of Asia and Africa, bearing glossy leaves, flowers in sessile umbels, and inedible red berries that turn black when ripe, and historically used as a laxative and to produce dyes.


lexentry: eng/aldolase__Noun__1
written_rep: aldolase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aldolazy
sense_list:
(enzyme) An enzyme, present in some tissue, that catalyses the conversion of phosphates of fructose to those of glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone


lexentry: eng/aldose__Noun__1
written_rep: aldose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aldoza
sense_list:
(organic chemistry, carbohydrate) Any of a class of monosaccharides having an aldehyde or hemiacetal functional group.


lexentry: eng/aldosterone__Noun__1
written_rep: aldosterone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aldosteron
sense_list:
(steroid hormone) A mineralocorticoid hormone, secreted by the adrenal cortex, that regulates the balance of sodium and potassium in the body.


lexentry: eng/alembic__Noun__1
written_rep: alembic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alembik
sense_list:
An early chemical apparatus, consisting of two retorts connected by a tube, used to purify substances by distillation.


lexentry: eng/aleph-null__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: aleph-null
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alef zero
sense_list:
(set theory) The first of the transfinite cardinal numbers; corresponds to the number of natural numbers.


lexentry: eng/aleph__Noun__1
written_rep: aleph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alef
sense_list:
The first letter of the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, and its descendants in descended Semitic scripts, such as Phoenician ⁧[[Ф#Phoenician|Ф]⁩ (ʾ, ʾaleph), Aramaic ⁧[[С#Aramaic|С]⁩ (ʾ), Classical Syriac ⁧ܐ⁩ ('ālaph), Hebrew ⁧א⁩ (aleph) and Arabic ⁧ا⁩ (ʾalif).


lexentry: eng/alexandrine__Noun__1
written_rep: alexandrine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aleksandryn
sense_list:
(poetry) A line of poetic meter having twelve syllables, usually divided into two or three equal parts.


lexentry: eng/alexandrite__Noun__1
written_rep: alexandrite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aleksandryt
sense_list:
(mineral) A form of chrysoberyl that displays a colour change dependent upon the light source, along with strong pleochroism.


lexentry: eng/alexia__Noun__1
written_rep: alexia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aleksja
sense_list:
(psychiatry) Word blindness, the inability, due to a cerebral disorder, to comprehend or understand writing.


lexentry: eng/alexin__Noun__1
written_rep: alexin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aleksyna | dopełniacz
sense_list:
(biochemistry, dated) A protective substance that exists in the serum or other bodily fluid and is capable of killing microorganisms; complement.


lexentry: eng/alga__Noun__1
written_rep: alga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alga | glon
sense_list:
(biology) Any of many aquatic photosynthetic organisms, including the seaweeds, whose size ranges from a single cell to giant kelps and whose biochemistry and forms are very diverse, some being eukaryotic.


lexentry: eng/algebra__Noun__1
written_rep: algebra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algebra
sense_list:
(uncountable, mathematics) Elementary algebra: A system for representing and manipulating unknown quantities (variables) in equations. | (countable, mathematics, algebra) Any of several objects of study in Algebra | (uncountable, medicine, historical, rare) The surgical treatment of a dislocated or fractured bone. Also (countable) : a dislocation or fracture.


lexentry: eng/algebraic__Adjective__1
written_rep: algebraic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algebraiczny
sense_list:
Of, or relating to, algebra. | (mathematics, of an expression, equation, or function) Containing only numbers, letters, and arithmetic operators. | (algebra, number theory, of a number) Which is a root of some polynomial whose coefficients are rational. | (chess, of notation) Describing squares by file (referred to in intrinsic order rather than by the piece starting on that file) and rank, both with reference to a fixed point rather than a player-dependent perspective.


lexentry: eng/algebraic_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: algebraic geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: geometria algebraiczna
sense_list:
(mathematics) A branch of mathematics that studies algebraic varieties (solution sets of polynomial equations) and their generalisations, using techniques from both algebra (chiefly commutative algebra) and geometry.


lexentry: eng/algebraical__Adjective__1
written_rep: algebraical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algebraiczny
sense_list:
Pertaining to algebra or its laws. | (mathematics) Requiring a finite number of algebraic operations; the opposite of transcendental.


lexentry: eng/algid__Adjective__1
written_rep: algid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chłodny
sense_list:
(medicine) Cold, chilly; used of low body temperature especially in connection with certain diseases such as malaria and cholera.


lexentry: eng/algin__Noun__1
written_rep: algin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algina
sense_list:
Any of various gelatinous gums, derivatives of alginic acid, derived from marine brown algae and used especially as emulsifiers or thickeners.


lexentry: eng/alginic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: alginic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas alginowy
sense_list:
(biochemistry) An insoluble colloidal acid (C6H8O6)n that in the form of its salts is a constituent of the cell walls of brown algae and is used as a food additive.


lexentry: eng/algolagnia__Noun__1
written_rep: algolagnia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algolagnia
sense_list:
A physical condition that causes a person to gain sexual pleasure by suffering pain, particularly to erogenous zones.


lexentry: eng/algorithm__Noun__1
written_rep: algorithm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algorytm
sense_list:
(countable) A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem. A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input value and yields an output value in a finite number of steps. | (loosely) A flowchart illustrating a decision-making process for human users, especially health care professionals.


lexentry: eng/alias__Adverb__1
written_rep: alias
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alias
sense_list:
Otherwise; at another time; in other circumstances; otherwise called. | (legal) Used to connect the different names of a person who has gone by two or more, and whose true name is for any cause doubtful


lexentry: eng/aliasing__Noun__1
written_rep: aliasing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krenelaż
sense_list:
(signal processing, graphics, sound recording) Distortion caused by a low sampling rate, such as a moiré effect or jaggies.


lexentry: eng/alibi__Noun__1
written_rep: alibi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alibi
sense_list:
(legal) The plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed. | (sometimes, proscribed) An excuse, especially one used to avoid responsibility or blame.


lexentry: eng/alicyclic__Adjective__1
written_rep: alicyclic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alicykliczny
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Of a class of organic compounds having both aliphatic (chain) and cyclic (ring) structure


lexentry: eng/alien__Adjective__1
written_rep: alien
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cudzoziemski
sense_list:
Not belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to the citizens or subjects thereof; foreign.


lexentry: eng/alien__Noun__1
written_rep: alien
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obcy
sense_list:
A person, animal, plant, or other thing which is from outside the family, group, organization, or territory under consideration.


lexentry: eng/alienate__Verb__1
written_rep: alienate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alienować
sense_list:
To convey or transfer to another, as title, property, or right; to part voluntarily with ownership of.


lexentry: eng/alignment__Noun__1
written_rep: alignment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nastawienie
sense_list:
The process of adjusting a mechanism such that its parts are aligned; the condition of having its parts so adjusted.


lexentry: eng/alimony__Noun__1
written_rep: alimony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alimenty
sense_list:
(legal, sometimes, pejorative) A court-mandated allowance made to a former spouse by a divorced or legally separated person.


lexentry: eng/aliphatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aliphatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alifatyczny
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Of a class of organic compounds in which the carbon atoms are arranged in an open chain.


lexentry: eng/alive_and_kicking__Adjective__1
written_rep: alive and kicking
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: o dobrym zdrowiu
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Healthy; vital; in good health, particularly in opposition to unfavorable circumstances.


lexentry: eng/alizarin__Noun__1
written_rep: alizarin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alizaryna
sense_list:
(organic compound) A red substance, 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone, extracted from madder root and used as a dye.


lexentry: eng/alkali__Noun__1
written_rep: alkali
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkalia
sense_list:
(chemistry) One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, soda ash, caustic soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing characteristics are dissolving in alcohol and water, uniting with oils and fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to brown several vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue.


lexentry: eng/alkali_metal__Noun__1
written_rep: alkali metal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: litowiec
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) Any of the soft, light, reactive metals of Group 1 of the periodic table; lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.


lexentry: eng/alkaline_earth_metal__Noun__1
written_rep: alkaline earth metal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: berylowiec | metal ziem alkalicznych | wapniowiec
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) Any of the elements of group II of the periodic table; they are low-density metals that react readily with water to form strongly basic hydroxides, and with many acids to form salts.


lexentry: eng/alkaliphile__Noun__1
written_rep: alkaliphile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkalifil
sense_list:
Any organism that lives and thrives in an alkaline environment, such as a soda lake; a form of extremophile.


lexentry: eng/alkaloid__Noun__1
written_rep: alkaloid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkaloid | alkaloidy
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of many organic (often heterocyclic) bases that occur in nature and often have medicinal properties.


lexentry: eng/alkene__Noun__1
written_rep: alkene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alken
sense_list:
(organic compound) An unsaturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more carbon–carbon double bonds.


lexentry: eng/alkoxide__Noun__1
written_rep: alkoxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkoholan
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any organic compound derived from an alcohol by replacement of a hydrogen atom with a metal or other cationic species


lexentry: eng/alkyl__Noun__1
written_rep: alkyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkil
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of a series of univalent radicals of the general formula CnH2n+1 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons.


lexentry: eng/alkylate__Verb__1
written_rep: alkylate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkilować
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) To add one or more alkyl groups to a compound, especially by reacting with an alkylating agent


lexentry: eng/alkylation__Noun__1
written_rep: alkylation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkilacja
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any reaction in which an alkyl group is added to a molecule; used in the production of high-octane petroleum fuels.


lexentry: eng/all-points_bulletin__Noun__1
written_rep: all-points bulletin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: list gończy
sense_list:
(law enforcement) A broadcast issued from one law enforcement agency to another, typically containing information about a wanted suspect or a person of interest.


lexentry: eng/all-you-can-eat__Adjective__1
written_rep: all-you-can-eat
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rodzaj bufetu
sense_list:
(literally) Offering unlimited food to a diner at a restaurant for a fixed price for as long as he or she continues to eat.


lexentry: eng/all__Determiner__1
written_rep: all
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wszystek | wszystko
sense_list:
Every individual or anything of the given class, with no exceptions (the noun or noun phrase denoting the class must be plural or uncountable).


lexentry: eng/all_cats_are_grey_in_the_dark__Proverb__1
written_rep: all cats are grey in the dark
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w nocy wszystkie koty są czarne
sense_list:
(UK, sometimes, _, vulgar, _, &, _) Sex is enjoyable regardless of the physical attractiveness or social station of one's partner. | (uncommon) Under some circumstances, individual distinctions no longer matter.


lexentry: eng/all_hands_on_deck__Interjection__1
written_rep: all hands on deck
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wszystkie ręce na pokład
sense_list:
(nautical) An order, on board ship, for all seamen of all watches to muster on deck immediately; normally shortened to "All hands"


lexentry: eng/all_rights_reserved__Phrase__1
written_rep: all rights reserved
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wszelkie prawa zastrzeżone
sense_list:
(idiomatic, legal) The copyright holder of a creative work reserves all copyright-related rights, typically including the right to publish the work, to make derivative works of it, to distribute it, to make profit from it, to license a number of these rights to other people, and to forbid these uses by any unauthorized people, thus being entitled to take legal action against infringement.


lexentry: eng/all_that_glitters_is_not_gold__Proverb__1
written_rep: all that glitters is not gold
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie wszystko złoto, co się świeci
sense_list:
Things that appear valuable or worthwhile might not actually be so; things that look nice might not be as good as they look.


lexentry: eng/all_the_more__Adverb__1
written_rep: all the more
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tym bardziej
sense_list:
Even more; notably, but even more notably due to additional information, either preceding or following the statement.


lexentry: eng/all_the_tea_in_China__Noun__1
written_rep: all the tea in China
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (idiomatic, hyperbole) Something very valuable or priceless.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
za Chiny | za Chiny ludowe | za chińskiego boga | za nic na świecie | za skarby świata | za żadne pieniądze


lexentry: eng/allantois__Noun__1
written_rep: allantois
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: omocznia
sense_list:
(anatomy) A sac, having a number of functions, that develops in the alimentary canal of the embryos of mammals, birds and reptiles.


lexentry: eng/allative_case__Noun__1
written_rep: allative case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allatyw
sense_list:
(grammatical case) A case used to indicate movement onto, or to the adjacency of something. In English, this is usually expressed by the prepositions to or onto, as in "to the house," "onto the house." Languages that use the allative case include Basque, Dyirbal, Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, and Lithuanian.


lexentry: eng/allege__Verb__1
written_rep: allege
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: argumentować
sense_list:
(transitive) To adduce (something) as a reason, excuse, support etc. | (transitive) To make a claim as justification or proof; to make an assertion without proof.


lexentry: eng/allegory__Noun__1
written_rep: allegory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: alegoria
sense_list:
A symbolic representation which can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, usually a moral or political one. | (mathematics, category theory) A category that retains some of the structure of the category of binary relations between sets, representing a high-level generalisation of that category.


lexentry: eng/allegro__Noun__1
written_rep: allegro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allegro
sense_list:
(music) A tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played in a quick, lively tempo, faster than allegretto but slower than presto.


lexentry: eng/allele__Noun__1
written_rep: allele
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allel | allelomorf
sense_list:
(genetics) One of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given position, or locus, on a chromosome.


lexentry: eng/allergy__Noun__1
written_rep: allergy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alergia | uczulenie
sense_list:
(pathology, immunology) A disorder of the immune system causing adverse reactions to substances (allergens) not harmful to most and marked by the body's production of histamines and associated with atopy, anaphylaxis, and asthma. | (pathology) Any condition of hypersensitivity to a substance.


lexentry: eng/alley__Noun__1
written_rep: alley
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uliczka | aleja | alejka
sense_list:
A narrow street or passageway, especially one through the middle of a block giving access to the rear of lots of buildings.


lexentry: eng/alliance__Noun__1
written_rep: alliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alians | sojusz
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being allied. | (countable) Any union resembling that of families or states; union by relationship in qualities; affinity.


lexentry: eng/alliance__Noun__1
written_rep: alliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: alians | przymierze | sojusz
sense_list:
(countable) A union or connection of interests between families, states, parties, etc., especially between families by marriage and states by compact, treaty, or league.


lexentry: eng/allicin__Noun__1
written_rep: allicin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allicyna
sense_list:
(organic compound) An organic compound, diallyl thiosulfinate, obtained from garlic, with a variety of medicinal and antibacterial properties.


lexentry: eng/allied_health__Noun__1
written_rep: allied health
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pramedyczny
sense_list:
The range of health care services outside the scope of the medicine, dentistry and nursing professions, e.g. music therapy, physiotherapy, optometry, etc.


lexentry: eng/alligator__Noun__1
written_rep: alligator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aligator
sense_list:
Either of two species of large amphibious reptile, Alligator mississippiensis or Alligator sinensis, in the genus Alligator within order Crocodilia, which have sharp teeth and very strong jaws and are native to the Americas and China, respectively.


lexentry: eng/alligator_clip__Noun__1
written_rep: alligator clip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krokodylek
sense_list:
(electronics) A spring-loaded metal clip, usually attached to a wire and used to make temporary electrical connections.


lexentry: eng/alligator_gar__Noun__1
written_rep: alligator gar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niszczuka krokodyla
sense_list:
A species of gar native to the US, Atractosteus spatula, known for its extremely large size (in excess of 200 lbs).


lexentry: eng/allision__Noun__1
written_rep: allision
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alizja
sense_list:
(nautical) The striking of a vessel against a fixed object; the act of alliding or an instance thereof.


lexentry: eng/alliteration__Noun__1
written_rep: alliteration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aliteracja
sense_list:
The repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of two or more words immediately succeeding each other, or at short intervals.


lexentry: eng/allodial__Adjective__1
written_rep: allodial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alodialny
sense_list:
(usually, historical) Pertaining to land owned by someone absolutely, without any feudal obligations; held without acknowledgement of any superior; allodial title. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/allodium__Noun__1
written_rep: allodium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alodium
sense_list:
(dated, or, historical) Freehold land or property; land held in allodial tenure, or one's title to such land.


lexentry: eng/allogamy__Noun__1
written_rep: allogamy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alogamia | obcopylność
sense_list:
(biology) The fertilization of an ovum from one individual with the spermatozoa of another; cross-fertilization


lexentry: eng/allonge__Noun__1
written_rep: allonge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alonż | przedłużek | przedłużka
sense_list:
(legal, banking) A slip of paper attached to a negotiable instrument to hold endorsements should the document itself be unable to hold any more.


lexentry: eng/allosteric__Adjective__1
written_rep: allosteric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allosteryczny
sense_list:
(biochemistry, of an enzyme) That binds a compound on an inactive site and thus changes macromolecular conformation or dynamics in order to become either active or inactive


lexentry: eng/allotrope__Noun__1
written_rep: allotrope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alotrop
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any form of an element that has a distinctly different molecular structure to another form of the same element, with different physical properties and often different chemical properties. [from 1847]


lexentry: eng/allotropy__Noun__1
written_rep: allotropy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alotropia
sense_list:
(chemistry) A property, exhibited by some elements, of existing in multiple forms with different atomic structures.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
written_rep: allowance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pozwolenie
sense_list:
An amount, portion, or share that is allotted or granted; a sum granted as a reimbursement, a bounty, or as appropriate for any purpose | (minting) A permissible deviation in the fineness and weight of coins, owing to the difficulty in securing exact conformity to the standard prescribed by law.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
written_rep: allowance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: konkurs
sense_list:
(engineering) A planned deviation between an exact dimension and a nominal or theoretical dimension.


lexentry: eng/alloy__Noun__1
written_rep: alloy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stop | aliaż
sense_list:
A metal that is a combination of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, a base metal.


lexentry: eng/allspice__Noun__1
written_rep: allspice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ziele angielskie
sense_list:
(uncountable) A spice; the dried and ground unripe fruit of Pimenta dioica, thought to combine the flavours of several spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves.


lexentry: eng/allusion__Noun__1
written_rep: allusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aluzja
sense_list:
An indirect reference; a hint; a reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned.


lexentry: eng/alluvium__Noun__1
written_rep: alluvium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aluwium
sense_list:
soil, clay, silt or gravel deposited by flowing water, as it slows, in a river bed, delta, estuary or flood plain


lexentry: eng/ally__Noun__1
written_rep: ally
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sojusznik | aliant | aliantka | sojuszniczka
sense_list:
A person, group, state, etc., which is associated or united by treaty with another for a common (especially military or political) purpose; a confederate.


lexentry: eng/almah__Noun__1
written_rep: almah
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: almeja
sense_list:
An Egyptian singer or dancing-girl used for entertainment; a dancing-girl, a prostitute. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/almanac__Noun__1
written_rep: almanac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: almanach
sense_list:
(astronomy, navigation) A book or table listing nautical, astronomical, astrological or other events for the year; sometimes, but not essentially, containing historical and statistical information. | A handbook, typically published annually, containing information on a particular subject.


lexentry: eng/almandine__Noun__1
written_rep: almandine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: almandyn
sense_list:
(mineral) A type of garnet having a deep red color, inclining to purple, with the chemical formula Fe3Al2(SiO4)3.


lexentry: eng/almond_paste__Noun__1
written_rep: almond paste
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasta migdałowa
sense_list:
A type of confection made from ground almonds and sugar in equal quantities, bound with some syrup or other similar substance in order to form a paste.


lexentry: eng/almost__Adverb__1
written_rep: almost
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prawie | niemal
sense_list:
(mathematics) Up to, except for a negligible set (where negligible is not universally but contextually defined). | (measure theory, probability theory) Up to a null set; except for a set of measure 0.


lexentry: eng/almucantar__Noun__1
written_rep: almucantar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: almukantar | almukantarat
sense_list:
(astronomy, archaic, or, historical) A small circle on the celestial sphere, parallel to the horizon, that is used in astronomy and navigation to show altitude of a star or any other heavenly body.


lexentry: eng/alnico__Noun__1
written_rep: alnico
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alniko
sense_list:
An alloy of aluminium, nickel and cobalt, sometimes alloyed with smaller amounts of iron, copper, titanium and used primarily in the manufacture of magnets.


lexentry: eng/alocasia__Noun__1
written_rep: alocasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alokazja | zakleśń
sense_list:
Any of several tropical Asian plants, of the genus Alocasia, having heart- or arrowhead-shaped leaves.


lexentry: eng/aloe__Noun__1
written_rep: aloe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aloes
sense_list:
(in the plural) The resins of the tree Aquilaria malaccensis (syn. Aquilaria agallocha), known for their fragrant aroma, produced after infection by the fungus Phialophora parasitica. | Any plant of the large and variable genus Aloe.


lexentry: eng/aloha_shirt__Noun__1
written_rep: aloha shirt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koszula hawajska
sense_list:
A collared shirt of a type originating in Hawaii, often brilliantly colored with floral or Polynesian patterns. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/along__Preposition__1
written_rep: along
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wzdłuż | po
sense_list:
By the length of; in a line with the length of; lengthwise next to. | In a line with, with a progressive motion on; onward on; forward on.


lexentry: eng/alopecia__Noun__1
written_rep: alopecia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: łysienie | alopecja
sense_list:
(medicine) Loss of hair (especially on the head) or loss of wool or feathers, whether natural or caused by disease.


lexentry: eng/alpaca__Noun__1
written_rep: alpaca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alpaka
sense_list:
A sheep-like domesticated animal of the Andes, Vicugna pacos, in the camel family, closely related to the llama, guanaco, and vicuña. | A garment made of such wool.


lexentry: eng/alpha__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alfa
sense_list:
The name of the first letter of the Greek alphabet (Α, α), followed by beta. In the Latin alphabet it is the predecessor to A.


lexentry: eng/alpha_female__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha female
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samica alfa
sense_list:
(zoology, ethology) The dominant female in a social or group hierarchy. | (by extension) A self-assured, independent, self-driven, influential, or strong woman; an alphette.


lexentry: eng/alpha_fucks,_beta_bucks__Phrase__1
written_rep: alpha fucks, beta bucks
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alfa szmaci, beta płaci
sense_list:
(vulgar, slang) Women prefer sex with alpha males but are willing to use beta males as a source of financial support.


lexentry: eng/alpha_male__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha male
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samiec alfa
sense_list:
(zoology, ethology) The dominant male in a group of animals. | (by extension) A dominant, assertive, protective, oftentimes successful, leadership-type man or male. [from 1990s]


lexentry: eng/alpha_particle__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha particle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cząstka alfa
sense_list:
(physics) A doubly positively charged nucleus of a helium-4 atom (consisting of two protons and two neutrons), emitted as a consequence of radioactivity; α-particle


lexentry: eng/alpha_version__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha version
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wersja alfa
sense_list:
(computer, technology) An early version of a program or application, typically unstable, but useful to show what the product will do. Sometimes this stage is referred to as a preview version. Sometimes no more features are added after this release, but bug fixes continue. This release comes after a pre-alpha version and before a beta version. As opposed to a beta version an alpha version is usually not feature complete.


lexentry: eng/alphabet__Noun__1
written_rep: alphabet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alfabet | abecadło
sense_list:
The set of letters used when writing in a language. | A writing system in which letters represent phonemes. (Contrast e.g. logography, a writing system in which each character represents a word, and syllabary, in which each character represents a syllable.)


lexentry: eng/alphabetical_order__Noun__1
written_rep: alphabetical order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porządek alfabetyczny
sense_list:
The sequence of a collection of items (such as words in a dictionary) arranged in order by position in the alphabet.


lexentry: eng/alphanumeric__Adjective__1
written_rep: alphanumeric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alfanumeryczny
sense_list:
Consisting of, or limited to, letters and/or numbers, especially the characters A to Z (lowercase and uppercase) and 0 to 9.


lexentry: eng/alphasyllabary__Noun__1
written_rep: alphasyllabary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abugida
sense_list:
A segmental writing system in which consonant–vowel sequences are written as a unit: each unit is based on a consonant letter, and vowel notation is secondary; an abugida.


lexentry: eng/alphorn__Noun__1
written_rep: alphorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: róg alpejski
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A long, curved, wooden horn used by mountain-dwelling herders in the Alps, originally to call cattle but now only as musical instrument in classical and folk tunes.


lexentry: eng/alpine__Adjective__1
written_rep: alpine
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alpejski
sense_list:
Of, relating to, or inhabiting mountains, especially above the timberline. | (skiing) Of or relating to slalom and downhill skiing.


lexentry: eng/alpine_chough__Noun__1
written_rep: alpine chough
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wieszczek
sense_list:
A species of bird in the crow family (Corvidae) (Pyrrhocorax graculus), that breeds locally in the highest mountains of southern Europe, the Alps, across central Asia and India.


lexentry: eng/alt_key__Noun__1
written_rep: alt key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alt
sense_list:
(computing) A key on a personal computer or terminal keyboard used in combination to alter the function of other keys.


lexentry: eng/altar_server__Noun__1
written_rep: altar server
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ministrant
sense_list:
(Christianity) A layperson, often a child or adolescent, who assists a member of the clergy during a Christian liturgy, attending to supporting tasks at the altar.


lexentry: eng/altazimuth__Noun__1
written_rep: altazimuth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altazymut
sense_list:
A telescope or surveying instrument that has a mount permitting both horizontal and vertical rotation.


lexentry: eng/alter_ego__Noun__1
written_rep: alter ego
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: alter ego | drugie ja
sense_list:
(law) A corporation used by a person to conduct personal business in an attempt to shield himself or herself from personal liability, and which a court may penetrate by "piercing the corporate veil" to impose liability on the person when they commit fraud or injustice.


lexentry: eng/alternate__Adjective__1
written_rep: alternate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternować
sense_list:
Happening by turns; one following the other in succession of time or place; first one and then the other (repeatedly).


lexentry: eng/alternating__Adjective__1
written_rep: alternating
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternujący
sense_list:
That alternates. | (mathematics, of a series) Having terms that alternate between positive and negative.


lexentry: eng/alternating_current__Noun__1
written_rep: alternating current
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prąd przemienny | prąd zmienny
sense_list:
(physics) An electric current in which the direction of flow of the electrons reverses periodically.


lexentry: eng/alternation__Noun__1
written_rep: alternation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternacja
sense_list:
The reciprocal succession of (normally two) things in time or place; the act of following and being followed by turns; alternate succession, performance, or occurrence


lexentry: eng/alternative__Adjective__1
written_rep: alternative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternatywny
sense_list:
Relating to a choice between two or more possibilities. | Other; different from something else. | Not traditional, outside the mainstream, underground.


lexentry: eng/alternative__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternatywa | dysjunkcja
sense_list:
A situation which allows a mutually exclusive choice between two or more possibilities; a choice between two or more possibilities. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alternative_medicine__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative medicine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: medycyna niekonwencjonalna
sense_list:
Any of various medical methods and practices used in place of, or as well as, conventional medicine.


lexentry: eng/alternativity__Noun__1
written_rep: alternativity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternatywność
sense_list:
A characteristic of something having alternative connotations, akin to the representation of choice between two or more possibilities.


lexentry: eng/alternator__Noun__1
written_rep: alternator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternator
sense_list:
(electrical engineering) An electric generator which produces alternating current through mechanical means.


lexentry: eng/although__Conjunction__1
written_rep: although
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chociaż | aczkolwiek | choć | acz | lubo | mimo że
sense_list:
Though, even though, in spite of or despite the fact that: introducing a clause that expresses a concession.


lexentry: eng/altitude_sickness__Noun__1
written_rep: altitude sickness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: choroba wysokościowa
sense_list:
(medicine) A pathological condition caused by oxygen deficiency at high altitudes; symptoms include shortness of breath, nausea, and nosebleed.


lexentry: eng/alto__Noun__1
written_rep: alto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alt
sense_list:
A musical part or section higher than tenor and lower than soprano, formerly the part that performed a countermelody above the tenor or main melody.


lexentry: eng/altocumulus__Noun__1
written_rep: altocumulus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altocumulus
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology) A fleecy cloud formation consisting of large whitish or greyish globular cloudlets with shaded portions, often grouped in flocks or rows. (Abbreviated Ac.)


lexentry: eng/altostratus__Noun__1
written_rep: altostratus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altostratus
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology) A principal medium-level cloud type in the form of a gray or bluish (never white) sheet or layer of striated, fibrous, or uniform appearance.


lexentry: eng/altruism__Noun__1
written_rep: altruism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altruizm
sense_list:
Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness. | (biology, sociobiology) Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer.


lexentry: eng/aludel__Noun__1
written_rep: aludel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aludel
sense_list:
A pear-shaped pot with an opening at each end, formerly used, especially by alchemists, for sublimation.


lexentry: eng/alum__Noun__1
written_rep: alum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ałun
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any similar double sulphate in which either or both of the potassium and aluminium is wholly or partly replaced by other univalent or tervalent cations. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alumina__Noun__1
written_rep: alumina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tlenek glinu
sense_list:
Aluminum oxide, especially when used in mining, material sciences or ceramics, a refractory solid compound.


lexentry: eng/aluminium__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: glin | aluminium
sense_list:
A light, silvery metal extracted from bauxite, and a chemical element (symbol Al) with an atomic number of 13.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_foil__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium foil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: folia aluminiowa
sense_list:
(Australia, Britain, New Zealand) A very thin, pliable, easily torn sheet of aluminium used for cooking, packaging, cosmetics, and insulation.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_oxide__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium oxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tritlenek diglinu
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The solid, Al2O3, commonly known as alumina; it occurs as bauxite, sapphire, ruby and other forms; it is used in the manufacture of ceramics


lexentry: eng/alunite__Noun__1
written_rep: alunite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ałunit
sense_list:
(mineral) A gray whitish, water-soluble mineral, potassium aluminium sulphate; the natural source of alum, KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6.


lexentry: eng/alveolar__Adjective__1
written_rep: alveolar
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dziąsłowy | alweolarny
sense_list:
(phonetics) Formed with the tongue touching or approaching the inner ridge of the gums of the upper front teeth.


lexentry: eng/alveolar_ridge__Noun__1
written_rep: alveolar ridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wał dziąsłowy
sense_list:
(anatomy) A ridge that forms the borders of the maxilla and the mandible and contains the alveoli of the teeth.


lexentry: eng/alveolus__Noun__1
written_rep: alveolus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pęcherzyk płucny
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the many tiny air sacs in the lungs in which the bronchioles terminate and where oxygen and carbon dioxide are rapidly exchanged with the pulmonary capillaries.


lexentry: eng/alveopalatal__Adjective__1
written_rep: alveopalatal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alweopalatalny | dziąsłowo-podniebienny | przedniopodniebienny
sense_list:
(phonetics) Of or relating to those consonants that are intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants.


lexentry: eng/alveopalatal__Noun__1
written_rep: alveopalatal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(phonetics) Any consonant that is intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants.

trans_list:
spółgłoska [[dziąsłowo-podniebienny|dziąsłowo-podniebienna]] | spółgłoska alweopalatalna | spółgłoska przedniopodniebienna


lexentry: eng/always__Adverb__1
written_rep: always
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zawsze | ciągle | stale
sense_list:
Constantly during a certain period, or regularly at stated intervals (opposed to sometimes or occasionally).


lexentry: eng/alyssum__Noun__1
written_rep: alyssum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: smagliczka
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Alyssum, mostly of Eurasian origin, that have racemes of white or yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/amadou__Noun__1
written_rep: amadou
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hubka
sense_list:
A spongy, flammable substance prepared from bracket fungi, formerly used as a styptic and as tinder.


lexentry: eng/amalgamation__Noun__1
written_rep: amalgamation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amalgamacja
sense_list:
The process of amalgamating; a mixture, merger or consolidation. | (specifically) The production of an alloy of mercury and another metal, especially used in antiquity to extract gold and silver from ores.


lexentry: eng/amanitin__Noun__1
written_rep: amanitin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amanityna
sense_list:
(protein) A deadly amatoxin found in Amanita phalloides (the death cap), the four destroying angels (Amanita bisporigera, Amanita ocreata, Amanita verna, and Amanita virosa), and some other amanitas.


lexentry: eng/amanuensis__Noun__1
written_rep: amanuensis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pisarz
sense_list:
One employed to take dictation, or copy manuscripts. | A clerk, secretary or stenographer, or scribe.


lexentry: eng/amaretto__Noun__1
written_rep: amaretto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amaretto
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) A sweet-bitter liqueur originating from Italy (but also produced in Turkey), flavored with almonds and a secret blend-specific mix of some 200 ingredients such as the pits from apricots, peaches, cherries or other stone fruits.


lexentry: eng/amateur__Adjective__1
written_rep: amateur
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amatorski
sense_list:
Created, done, or populated by amateurs or non-professionals. | Showing a lack of professionalism, experience or talent.


lexentry: eng/amateur__Noun__1
written_rep: amateur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amator | amatorka
sense_list:
A person attached to a particular pursuit, study, science, or art (such as music or painting), especially one who cultivates any study, interest, taste, or attachment without engaging in it professionally. | Someone who is unqualified or insufficiently skillful.


lexentry: eng/amateur_radio__Noun__1
written_rep: amateur radio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krótkofalarstwo
sense_list:
The hobby or pastime of communicating by two-way radio, often striving for “DX” QSOs that are challenging because of distance.


lexentry: eng/amateurish__Adjective__1
written_rep: amateurish
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amatorski
sense_list:
(pejorative) Suggesting or reflecting the efforts of an amateur; not seeming professional or polished.


lexentry: eng/amazed__Adjective__1
written_rep: amazed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zdumiony
sense_list:
Astonished or confounded with fear, surprise, or wonder; greatly surprised (often with ensuing adpositions e.g. at, with, or by).


lexentry: eng/amazement__Noun__1
written_rep: amazement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zdumienie
sense_list:
(uncountable) The condition of being amazed; a state of overwhelming wonder, as from surprise or sudden fear, horror, or admiration; astonishment.


lexentry: eng/amazingly__Adverb__1
written_rep: amazingly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaskakująco | zdumiewająco
sense_list:
In an amazing manner; in a way that causes amazement; wonderfully. | Difficult to believe; strange but true.


lexentry: eng/ambassador__Noun__1
written_rep: ambassador
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambasador | ambasadorka
sense_list:
A minister of the highest rank sent to a foreign court to represent there his sovereign or country. (Sometimes called ambassador-in-residence) | An official messenger and representative.


lexentry: eng/amber__Noun__1
written_rep: amber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bursztyn | jantar
sense_list:
A hard, generally yellow to brown translucent or transparent fossil resin from extinct coniferous trees of the pine genus, used for jewellery, decoration and later dissolved as a binder in varnishes. One variety, blue amber, appears blue rather than yellow under direct sunlight. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/amber__Noun__1
written_rep: amber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: żółte
sense_list:
(British) The intermediate light in a set of three traffic lights, which when illuminated indicates that drivers should stop short of the intersection when safe to do so. See also yellow light.


lexentry: eng/ambergris__Noun__1
written_rep: ambergris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambra
sense_list:
A solid, waxy, flammable substance of a dull grey or blackish color, produced in the intestines of the sperm whale. It is used in perfumes.


lexentry: eng/amberjack__Noun__1
written_rep: amberjack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kaszalot
sense_list:
Any of several large food and game yellowtail fishes of the genus Seriola, found in warm waters of all oceans.


lexentry: eng/ambigram__Noun__1
written_rep: ambigram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambigram
sense_list:
A calligraphic design that may be read as the same word or phrase (or sometimes different words or phrases) when oriented in two different ways, usually when reflected along a vertical or horizontal axis or when rotated through 180 degrees.


lexentry: eng/ambiguity__Noun__1
written_rep: ambiguity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wieloznaczność
sense_list:
(countable) words or statements that are open to more than one interpretation, explanation or meaning, especially if that meaning cannot be determined from its context.


lexentry: eng/ambiophonics__Noun__1
written_rep: ambiophonics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambiofonia
sense_list:
A technique using digital signal processing and two loudspeakers directly in front of the listener in order to improve reproduction of stereophonic and surround sound.


lexentry: eng/ambition__Noun__1
written_rep: ambition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambicja
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) Eager or inordinate desire for some object that confers distinction, as preferment, honor, superiority, political power, or fame; desire to distinguish one's self from other people. | (countable) An object of an ardent desire. | (uncountable) A personal quality similar to motivation, not necessarily tied to a single goal.


lexentry: eng/ambitious__Adjective__1
written_rep: ambitious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambitny | ambicjonalny
sense_list:
(of a person or their character) Having or showing ambition; wanting a lot of power, honor, respect, superiority, or other distinction.


lexentry: eng/ambivalence__Noun__1
written_rep: ambivalence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambiwalencja
sense_list:
The coexistence of opposing attitudes or feelings (such as love and hate) towards a person, object or idea.


lexentry: eng/ambivalent__Adjective__1
written_rep: ambivalent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambiwalentny
sense_list:
Simultaneously experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings, beliefs, or motivations.


lexentry: eng/ambivert__Noun__1
written_rep: ambivert
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambiwertyk
sense_list:
(psychology) A person who is neither clearly extroverted nor introverted, but has characteristics of each.


lexentry: eng/amblygonite__Noun__1
written_rep: amblygonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambligonit
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral, a mixed fluoride and aluminophosphate of sodium and lithium that is an important ore of lithium.


lexentry: eng/amblyopia__Noun__1
written_rep: amblyopia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambliopia | niedowidzenie
sense_list:
Dimness or blurring of the eyesight due to a fault in transmission of signals to the brain from an otherwise healthy eye.


lexentry: eng/ambrosia__Noun__1
written_rep: ambrosia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ambrozja
sense_list:
Any fungus of a number of species that insects such as ambrosia beetles carry as symbionts, "farming" them on poor-quality food such as wood, where they grow, providing food for the insect.


lexentry: eng/ambulance__Noun__1
written_rep: ambulance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karetka | ambulans
sense_list:
An emergency vehicle designed for transporting seriously ill or injured people to a hospital. [1854]


lexentry: eng/ambush_marketing__Noun__1
written_rep: ambush marketing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: marketing pasożytniczy | marketing podstępny
sense_list:
(business) A marketing strategy wherein advertisers associate themselves with, and therefore capitalize on, a particular event without paying any sponsorship fee.


lexentry: eng/ameliorative__Adjective__1
written_rep: ameliorative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: amelioracyjny
sense_list:
(philosophy) Of or relating to conceptual engineering, the normative study of which conceptual demarcation is most conducive to solve the problems the concept is a priori taken to solve.


lexentry: eng/amen__Adverb__1
written_rep: amen
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amen
sense_list:
At the end of religious prayers: so be it. | In many Abrahamic religious texts and creeds: certainly, verily.


lexentry: eng/amend__Verb__1
written_rep: amend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: poprawiać się | poprawić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To become better. | (obsolete, intransitive) To be healed, to be cured, to recover (from an illness).


lexentry: eng/amendment__Noun__1
written_rep: amendment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nowela | nowelizacja | poprawka
sense_list:
In public bodies, any alteration made or proposed to be made in a bill or motion that adds, changes, substitutes, or omits.


lexentry: eng/amenity__Noun__1
written_rep: amenity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: udogodnienie
sense_list:
Pleasantness. | A thing or circumstance that is welcome and makes life a little easier or more pleasant.


lexentry: eng/amenity__Noun__1
written_rep: amenity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: miejsce
sense_list:
(cartography) A unit pertaining to the infrastructure of a community, such as a public toilet, a postbox, a library, etc.


lexentry: eng/ametropia__Noun__1
written_rep: ametropia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ametropia
sense_list:
(medicine, ophthalmology) Any of several disorders of the eye (spherical or cylindrical) resulting from faulty refractive ability.


lexentry: eng/amide__Noun__1
written_rep: amide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amid
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any derivative of an oxoacid in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group; especially such derivatives of a carboxylic acid, the carboxamides or acid amides


lexentry: eng/amino_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: amino acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aminokwas
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any organic compound containing both an amino and a carboxylic acid functional group. | (biochemistry) Any of the twenty naturally occurring α-amino acids (having the amino, and carboxylic acid groups on the same carbon atom), and a variety of side chains, that combine, via peptide bonds, to form proteins.


lexentry: eng/aminoacylation__Noun__1
written_rep: aminoacylation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aminoacylacja | aminoacylowanie
sense_list:
(biochemistry) The addition of an aminoacyl group to a compound, especially as part of the process of synthesizing proteins via aminoacyl tRNA synthetase


lexentry: eng/aminopeptidase__Noun__1
written_rep: aminopeptidase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aminopeptydaza
sense_list:
(enzyme) Any of several enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the peptide bond of the terminal amino acid at the amino end of a polypeptide or protein


lexentry: eng/amity__Noun__1
written_rep: amity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyjaźń
sense_list:
(formal, literary) Friendship. The cooperative and supportive relationship between people, or animals. In this sense, the term connotes a relationship which involves mutual knowledge, esteem, affection, and respect along with a degree of rendering service to friends in times of need or crisis.


lexentry: eng/ammonia__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amoniak
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A gaseous compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH3, with a pungent smell and taste.


lexentry: eng/ammonification__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amonifikacja
sense_list:
(biochemistry) The formation of ammonia or its compounds from nitrogenous compounds, especially as a result of bacterial decomposition.


lexentry: eng/ammonite__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amonit
sense_list:
(paleontology) Any of an extinct group of cephalopods of the subclass Ammonoidea; a fossil shell of such an animal.


lexentry: eng/ammonite__Noun__2
written_rep: ammonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amonit
sense_list:
An explosive prepared from a mixture of TNT and ammonium nitrate; a form of amatol, popular in Eastern Europe and China.


lexentry: eng/ammonium_nitrate__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonium nitrate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azotan amonu
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The ammonium salt of nitric acid, NH4NO3; it is used in fertilizers and explosives (notoriously in improvised explosive devices, though its main importance is as an explosive in its own right and in mixtures such as amatol and ANFO).


lexentry: eng/ammunition__Noun__1
written_rep: ammunition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amunicja | strzeliwo
sense_list:
Articles used in charging firearms and ordnance of all kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, rockets, etc.


lexentry: eng/amnesty__Noun__1
written_rep: amnesty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amnestia
sense_list:
An act of the sovereign power granting oblivion, or a general pardon, for a past offense, as to subjects concerned in an insurrection.


lexentry: eng/amniocentesis__Noun__1
written_rep: amniocentesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amniocenteza | amniopunkcja
sense_list:
(medicine) A procedure for obtaining amniotic fluid from a pregnant animal, by inserting a hollow needle through the abdominal wall and into the amniotic sac. Used in diagnosing possible genetic defects and/or obstetric complications.


lexentry: eng/amnion__Noun__1
written_rep: amnion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amnion | owodnia
sense_list:
(anatomy) The innermost membrane of the fetal membranes of reptiles, birds, and mammals; the sac in which the embryo is suspended.


lexentry: eng/amniote__Noun__1
written_rep: amniote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: owodniowiec
sense_list:
(biology) Any of the Amniota group of vertebrates having an amnion during the development of the embryo; mammals, birds and reptiles.


lexentry: eng/amniotic_fluid__Noun__1
written_rep: amniotic fluid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wody płodowe | płyn owodniowy
sense_list:
(zoology) In placental mammals, a fluid contained within the amnion membrane that surrounds a developing embryo or fetus.


lexentry: eng/amoeba__Noun__1
written_rep: amoeba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ameba | pełzak
sense_list:
(biology) A member of the genus Amoeba of unicellular protozoa that moves by means of temporary projections called pseudopodia.


lexentry: eng/amoebiasis__Noun__1
written_rep: amoebiasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amebiaza | ameboza | pełzakowica
sense_list:
(medicine) An infectious disease caused by the parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica; amoebic dysentery.


lexentry: eng/amortization__Noun__1
written_rep: amortization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amortyzacja
sense_list:
The distribution of the cost of an intangible asset, such as an intellectual property right, over the projected useful life of the asset.


lexentry: eng/amount__Noun__1
written_rep: amount
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwota | ilość | liczba | suma
sense_list:
The total, aggregate or sum of material (not applicable to discrete numbers or units or items in standard English).


lexentry: eng/amp__Verb__1
written_rep: amp
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pchać
sense_list:
(colloquial, usually, with up) To excite. | (colloquial, usually, with up) To connect to amplifiers.


lexentry: eng/ampelography__Noun__1
written_rep: ampelography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ampelografia
sense_list:
(botany, oenology) The discipline within botany concerned with the taxonomy of cultivars in the grapevine genus, Vitis.


lexentry: eng/ampere-hour__Noun__1
written_rep: ampere-hour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amperogodzina
sense_list:
(physics) a unit of electric charge, equal to the charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one hour through a specified point in a circuit, equal to 3600 coulombs.


lexentry: eng/ampere__Noun__1
written_rep: ampere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amper
sense_list:
A unit of electrical current, the standard base unit in the International System of Units; colloquially amp. Abbreviation: amp, Symbol: A


lexentry: eng/amperometry__Noun__1
written_rep: amperometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amperometria
sense_list:
(chemistry) An analytical technique that involves the continuous measurement of electric current during a reaction or titration


lexentry: eng/amphibian__Noun__1
written_rep: amphibian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płaz | amfibia
sense_list:
An animal of the Amphibia; any four-legged vertebrate that does not have amniotic eggs, living both on land and in water. | A vehicle which can operate on land and water. See Wikipedia article on "Amphibious aircraft"


lexentry: eng/amphibole__Noun__1
written_rep: amphibole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfibol
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of a large group of structurally similar hydrated double silicate minerals, containing various combinations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminium.


lexentry: eng/amphibrach__Noun__1
written_rep: amphibrach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amfibrach
sense_list:
(prosody) A metrical foot in modern prosody, consisting of three syllables, the middle one of which is stressed (e.g. Jamaica).


lexentry: eng/amphibrachic__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphibrachic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfibrachiczny
sense_list:
Consisting of amphibrachs, metrical feet consisting of either a long syllable between two that are short, or an accented syllable between two that are not accented.


lexentry: eng/amphictyony__Noun__1
written_rep: amphictyony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfiktionia
sense_list:
A religious foundation or co-operative shared between Greek city states during the classical period, typically to support the temple or cult of a deity shared by the city states. Also used academically to refer to similar arrangements in non-Greek cultures.


lexentry: eng/amphiprotic__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphiprotic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfoteryczny
sense_list:
(chemistry) Able to both donate and accept a proton, and thus able to react both as an acid and a base; amphoteric.


lexentry: eng/amphisbaena__Noun__1
written_rep: amphisbaena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfisbaena
sense_list:
(mythological creature) A mythical serpent having a head at each end of its body, able to move in either direction.


lexentry: eng/amphitheatre__Noun__1
written_rep: amphitheatre
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfiteatr
sense_list:
An open, outdoor theatre (which may be a theatre in the round, or have a stage with seating on only one side), especially one from the classical period of ancient Greece or Rome, or a modern venue of similar design.


lexentry: eng/amphora__Noun__1
written_rep: amphora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfora
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, historical) A large vessel, especially a thin-necked clay vat used in ancient Greece and Rome for storing and transporting wine and oil.


lexentry: eng/amphoric__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphoric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amforyczny
sense_list:
(medicine) Produced by or indicating a hollow cavity in the lungs, giving a sound like that produced by blowing into an empty decanter.


lexentry: eng/amphoteric__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphoteric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfoteryczny
sense_list:
(chemistry) Having the characteristics of both an acid and a base, and capable of reacting as either; amphiprotic. [from 1832]


lexentry: eng/amplification__Noun__1
written_rep: amplification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: amplifikacja
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) A procedure used in the nomenclature of complex organic compounds in which the superatoms of a basic structure (a phane) are replaced by cyclic structures (amplificants). | (translation studies) A translation technique that involves adding content that is not present in the source text to the target text, usually to improve the fluency of the translation.


lexentry: eng/amplifier__Noun__1
written_rep: amplifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amplifikator | wzmacniacz
sense_list:
Anything that amplifies, or makes something larger or more intense. | (electronics) An appliance or circuit that increases the strength of a weak electrical signal without changing the other characteristics of the signal.


lexentry: eng/amplify__Verb__1
written_rep: amplify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amplifikować
sense_list:
(transitive) To render larger, more extended, or more intense. | (transitive, rhetorical) To enlarge by addition or commenting; to treat copiously by adding particulars, illustrations, etc.; to expand. | (transitive) To increase the amplitude of something, especially of an electric current.


lexentry: eng/amplitude__Noun__1
written_rep: amplitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amplituda
sense_list:
The measure of something's size, especially in terms of width or breadth; largeness, magnitude. | (mathematics) The maximum absolute value of the vertical component of a curve or function, especially one that is periodic. | (physics) The maximum absolute value of some quantity that varies.


lexentry: eng/amplitude_modulation__Noun__1
written_rep: amplitude modulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: modulacja amplitudy | modulacja amplitudowa
sense_list:
(radio) A method of sending information by modifying (modulating) the intensity (amplitude) of a carrier wave.


lexentry: eng/amulet__Noun__1
written_rep: amulet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amulet
sense_list:
A kind of protective charm or ornament, often bearing magical symbols, worn for protection against ill will, negative influences, or evil spirits.


lexentry: eng/amuse__Verb__1
written_rep: amuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bawić | zabawiać | rozbawić | rozerwać
sense_list:
(transitive) To entertain or occupy (someone or something) in a pleasant manner; to stir (an individual) with pleasing emotions.


lexentry: eng/amygdala__Noun__1
written_rep: amygdala
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciało migdałowate
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans.


lexentry: eng/amygdalin__Noun__1
written_rep: amygdalin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amigdalina
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A glycoside of benzaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide found in bitter almonds, and in the kernels of some other fruit.


lexentry: eng/amylase__Noun__1
written_rep: amylase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amylaza | diastaza
sense_list:
(enzyme) Any of a class of digestive enzymes, present in saliva and also contributed to the gut by the exocrine pancreas, that break down complex carbohydrates such as starch into simpler sugars such as glucose.


lexentry: eng/amyloidosis__Noun__1
written_rep: amyloidosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amyloidoza | skrobiawica
sense_list:
(medicine) Any of a group of disorders in which the fibrous protein amyloid is deposited in an organ of the body.


lexentry: eng/amyloplast__Noun__1
written_rep: amyloplast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amyloplast
sense_list:
(biology) A specialized leucoplast responsible for the storage of amylopectin through the polymerization of glucose.


lexentry: eng/amylose__Noun__1
written_rep: amylose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amyloza
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) The soluble form of starch (the insoluble form being amylopectin) that is a linear polymer of glucose.


lexentry: eng/amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis__Noun__1
written_rep: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stwardnienie zanikowe boczne
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology) A chronic, progressive disease characterized by degeneration of the central nervous system and the loss of voluntary muscle control.


lexentry: eng/an_arm_and_a_leg__Noun__1
written_rep: an arm and a leg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kosztować majątek
sense_list:
(idiomatic, hyperbole) Usually used after the verb cost, but also often charge, pay, and spend: a very high price for an item or service; an exorbitant price


lexentry: eng/an_eye_for_an_eye,_a_tooth_for_a_tooth__Proverb__1
written_rep: an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oko za oko, ząb za ząb
sense_list:
(idiomatic) compensation for injury caused by a person, in the form of inflicting of an identical injury on that person.


lexentry: eng/anabasine__Noun__1
written_rep: anabasine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anabazyna
sense_list:
A pyridine alkaloid similar to nicotine, found in Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco), a close relative of the common tobacco plant, formerly used as an insecticide.


lexentry: eng/anabiosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anabiosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anabioza
sense_list:
(biology) A state of suspended animation, especially during extreme drought; the act of recovering from this state.


lexentry: eng/anachronism__Noun__1
written_rep: anachronism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anachronizm | anachroniczność
sense_list:
A chronological mistake; the erroneous dating of an event, circumstance, or object. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.] | A person or thing which seems to belong to a different time or period of time. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anachronistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anachronistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anachroniczny
sense_list:
Erroneous in date; containing an anachronism; in a wrong time; not applicable to or not appropriate for the time. | (of a person) Having opinions from the past; preferring things or values of the past; behind the times; overly conservative.


lexentry: eng/anaconda__Noun__1
written_rep: anaconda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anakonda
sense_list:
Any of various large nonvenomous snakes of the genus Eunectes, found mainly in northern South America. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anacreontic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anacreontic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anakreontyczny
sense_list:
(prosody) Pertaining to the style of the Greek poet Anacreon, who wrote of wine and love; (specifically) designating a metre based on an anaclastic ionic dimeter. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/anacrusis__Noun__1
written_rep: anacrusis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedtakt | anakruza
sense_list:
(prosody) An unstressed syllable at the start of a verse. | (music) An unstressed note or notes before the first strong beat (or downbeat) of a phrase.


lexentry: eng/anadiplosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anadiplosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anadiploza
sense_list:
(figure of speech) A figure of speech in which a word or phrase used at the end of a clause or expression is repeated near the beginning of the next clause or expression.


lexentry: eng/anaerobically__Adverb__1
written_rep: anaerobically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: beztlenowo
sense_list:
In an anaerobic manner; in a way that does not require oxygen. Generally used of metabolic processes.


lexentry: eng/anagenesis__Noun__1
written_rep: anagenesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anageneza
sense_list:
The evolution of a new species by the large scale change in gene frequency so that the new species replaces the old rather than branching to produce an additional species.


lexentry: eng/anaglyph__Noun__1
written_rep: anaglyph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anaglif
sense_list:
A decorative ornament worked in low relief or bas relief, such as a piece of cameo jewelry. | A matched pair of images designed to produce a three-dimensional effect when viewed using spectacles that have usually one red and one bluish-green lens, corresponding to the colors of the pairs of images.


lexentry: eng/anagnorisis__Noun__1
written_rep: anagnorisis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anagnoryzm
sense_list:
The moment in the plot of a drama in which the hero makes a discovery that explains previously unexplained events or situations; a denouement.


lexentry: eng/anal-retentive__Adjective__1
written_rep: anal-retentive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cywilne
sense_list:
(Freudian, _, psychology) Preoccupied with achieving perfection, order and control and with collecting, possessing, and retaining objects.


lexentry: eng/anal__Adjective__1
written_rep: anal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: analny | odbytowy
sense_list:
(psychoanalysis) Of the stage in psychosexual development when the child's interest is alleged to be concentrated on the anal region. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal__Adjective__1
written_rep: anal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pedantyczny
sense_list:
(psychology) Of a person, compulsive and stubborn, obsessed with neatness and accuracy, supposedly from not having progressed beyond the anal stage. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal_sex__Noun__1
written_rep: anal sex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: seks analny | anal | branie do dupy | branie w dupę
sense_list:
A sexual activity involving stimulation of a sexual partner's anus or rectum, especially by penetration.


lexentry: eng/analcime__Noun__1
written_rep: analcime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analcym
sense_list:
(mineral) A sodium aluminosilicate with a chemical formula NaAlSi2O6·H2O, having a zeolite structure, found in alkaline basalts.


lexentry: eng/analgesic__Noun__1
written_rep: analgesic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analgetyk | lek przeciwbólowy
sense_list:
(pharmacology) Any medicine, such as aspirin, that reduces pain, especially without inducing a loss of other sensation. (Contrast anesthetic.)


lexentry: eng/analog__Adjective__1
written_rep: analog
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analogowy
sense_list:
(of a device or system) In which the value of a data item (such as time) is represented by a continuous(ly) variable physical quantity that can be measured (such as the shadow of a sundial).


lexentry: eng/analog__Noun__1
written_rep: analog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analog
sense_list:
(countable) Something that bears an analogy to something else. | (chemistry) A structural derivative of a parent compound that differs from it by only one or a few atoms or substituent groups; (usually, especially) such a molecule that retains most of the same chemical properties.


lexentry: eng/analogous__Adjective__1
written_rep: analogous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analogiczny
sense_list:
Having analogy, the status of an analogue; corresponding to something else; bearing some resemblance or similar proportion (often followed by "to".)


lexentry: eng/analogy__Noun__1
written_rep: analogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analogia
sense_list:
A relationship of resemblance or equivalence between two situations, people, or objects, especially when used as a basis for explanation or extrapolation.


lexentry: eng/analphabet__Noun__1
written_rep: analphabet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analfabeta | analfabetka
sense_list:
A person who does not know the letters of the alphabet; a partly or wholly illiterate person. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
written_rep: analysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analiza
sense_list:
(countable) Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory etc.). | (countable) The result of such a process. | (uncountable, mathematics) A broad field of study in modern mathematics (often mentioned alongside algebra) which developed out of the calculus, concerned with the behavior of functions, sequences, series, limits, metric spaces, measures and more. | (countable, logic) Proof by deduction from known truths. | (countable, chemistry) The process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts, or the result of this process.


lexentry: eng/analytic__Adjective__1
written_rep: analytic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analityczny
sense_list:
Of, or relating to any form of analysis, or to analytics. | Of, or relating to division into elements or principles.


lexentry: eng/analytic_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: analytic geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: geometria analityczna
sense_list:
(geometry) The subbranch of geometry that investigates geometrical figures via the mathematical properties of their representations in a coordinate system.


lexentry: eng/analyze__Verb__1
written_rep: analyze
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: analizować | przeanalizować | zanalizować
sense_list:
(transitive) To examine in such a manner as to ascertain the elements or nature of the thing examined; as, to analyze a fossil substance, to analyze a sentence or a word, or to analyze an action to ascertain its morality.


lexentry: eng/analyzer__Noun__1
written_rep: analyzer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analizator
sense_list:
(US) an instrument for the analysis of something | (US) a person who analyzes | (optics) a type of polarizer


lexentry: eng/anamorphosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anamorphosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anamorfoza
sense_list:
A distorted image of an object that may be viewed correctly from a specific angle or with a specific mirror.


lexentry: eng/anapest__Noun__1
written_rep: anapest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anapest | antydaktyl
sense_list:
(prosody) In qualitative meter, a metrical foot consisting of three syllables, two unstressed and one stressed. | (prosody) In quantitative meter, a metrical foot consisting of three syllables, two short and one long.


lexentry: eng/anaphase__Noun__1
written_rep: anaphase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anafaza
sense_list:
(cytology) The stage of mitosis and meiosis during which the chromosomes separate; the chromatid moving to opposite poles of the cell.


lexentry: eng/anaphora__Noun__1
written_rep: anaphora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anafora
sense_list:
(figure of speech) The repetition of a phrase at the beginning of phrases, sentences, or verses, used for emphasis. | (linguistics) An expression that refers to a preceding expression. | (Christianity) The most solemn part of the Divine Liturgy or the Mass during which the offerings of bread and wine are consecrated as body and blood of Christ.


lexentry: eng/anaphylactic_shock__Noun__1
written_rep: anaphylactic shock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wstrząs anafilaktyczny
sense_list:
A severe and rapid systemic allergic reaction to an allergen, constricting the trachea and causing generalized vasodilation.


lexentry: eng/anarchism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarchism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anarchizm
sense_list:
A political and philosophical belief that all forms of involuntary rule or government are undesirable, unnecessary, or unethical, and as such that society would function without a state. | A belief that proposes the abolition of hierarchy and authority in most forms.


lexentry: eng/anarchist__Noun__1
written_rep: anarchist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anarchista | anarchistka
sense_list:
One who believes in or advocates the absence of hierarchy and authority in most forms (compare anarchism), especially one who works toward the realization of such.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-capitalism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarcho-capitalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anarchokapitalizm
sense_list:
(politics, economics) A political and economic philosophy that advocates the elimination of the state and other coercive institutions in favour of individual self-ownership and free market.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-communism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarcho-communism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anarchokomunizm
sense_list:
(politics, economics) A form of anarchism advocating the abolition of the state and capitalism in favor of a horizontal network of voluntary associations through which people would satisfy their needs.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-syndicalism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarcho-syndicalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anarchosyndykalizm
sense_list:
A branch or field of anarchism that focuses on the abolition of capitalism through the organization of revolutionary worker syndicates.


lexentry: eng/anarthria__Noun__1
written_rep: anarthria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anartria
sense_list:
(neurology, neuropsychology) A speech impairment in which the ability to articulate is lost completely.


lexentry: eng/anastatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anastatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anastatyczny
sense_list:
(printing, historical) Of or relating to a printing process in which copies of drawings are printed from facsimiles produced in relief on zinc plates.


lexentry: eng/anastomosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anastomosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anastomoza
sense_list:
An interconnection between any two channels, passages or vessels. | (surgery) The surgical creation of a connecting passage between blood vessels, bowels or other channels.


lexentry: eng/anastylosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anastylosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anastyloza
sense_list:
(archaeology) The reassembly of ruined monuments or other artifacts from remaining fragments in an archeologically responsible way (with use of modern materials when needed).


lexentry: eng/anathema__Noun__1
written_rep: anathema
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anatema
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical, historical) A ban or curse pronounced with religious solemnity by ecclesiastical authority, often accompanied by excommunication; something denounced as accursed. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/anatomical_snuffbox__Noun__1
written_rep: anatomical snuffbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tabakierka anatomiczna
sense_list:
(anatomy) A triangular deepening on the radial, dorsal aspect of the hand, bounded by extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis.


lexentry: eng/anatomy__Noun__1
written_rep: anatomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anatomia
sense_list:
The art of studying the different parts of any organized body, to discover their situation, structure, and economy.


lexentry: eng/ancestor__Noun__1
written_rep: ancestor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przodek | antenat | antenatka | wstępny
sense_list:
One from whom a person is descended, whether on the father's or mother's side, at any distance of time; a progenitor; a forefather.


lexentry: eng/anchorage__Noun__1
written_rep: anchorage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kotwicowisko
sense_list:
(nautical) A fee charged for anchoring. | The act of anchoring, or the condition of lying at anchor.


lexentry: eng/anchorman__Noun__1
written_rep: anchorman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gospodarz | prezenter | prowadzący
sense_list:
(television, radio) The main host of a television or radio program, particularly one relating to the broadcast of news. | (athletics) The most reliable runner in a relay team, usually the one that runs last.


lexentry: eng/anchovy__Noun__1
written_rep: anchovy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sardela | anchois
sense_list:
Any small saltwater fish of the Engraulidae family, consisting of 160 species in 16 genera, of which the genus Engraulis is widely sold as food.


lexentry: eng/ancient__Adjective__1
written_rep: ancient
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pradawny
sense_list:
Existent or occurring in time long past, usually in remote ages; belonging to or associated with antiquity; old, as opposed to modern.


lexentry: eng/ancient_history__Noun__1
written_rep: ancient history
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: historia starożytna
sense_list:
A period of history generally seen as occurring before the Middle Ages, that is, before the fall of the Roman Empire. Includes Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/ancient_monument__Noun__1
written_rep: ancient monument
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zabytek
sense_list:
an old or ancient building or other structure, or a site of historical interest that is usually looked after by an official organization.


lexentry: eng/and!slash!or__Conjunction__1
written_rep: and/or
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: i/lub
sense_list:
Joins two alternatives to mean either or both; indicates that inclusive or is meant where or alone might be taken to mean exclusive or.


lexentry: eng/and__Conjunction__1
written_rep: and
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: i | a
sense_list:
(now, colloquial, or, literary) Used to connect more than two elements together in a chain, sometimes to stress the number of elements.


lexentry: eng/and__Conjunction__1
written_rep: and
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: i | oraz | tudzież
sense_list:
Used to connect certain numbers: connecting units when they precede tens (not dated); connecting tens and units to hundreds, thousands etc. (now often omitted in US); to connect fractions to wholes. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/and_then_some__Phrase__1
written_rep: and then some
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: a nawet więcej
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial) Used to confirm preceding utterance, while implying that what was said or asked is an understatement


lexentry: eng/andesine__Noun__1
written_rep: andesine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: andezyn
sense_list:
(mineral) Sodium calcium aluminum silicate, (Na_xCa_xAlSi_3O_8), a plagioclase feldspar, the third member of the albite-anorthite solid solution series. Found in fine-grained andesite lavas; crystals are rarely seen.


lexentry: eng/andesite__Noun__1
written_rep: andesite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: andezyt
sense_list:
(geology) Any of a class of fine-grained intermediate igneous rock, of volcanic origin, containing mostly plagioclase feldspar.


lexentry: eng/andiron__Noun__1
written_rep: andiron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kozioł
sense_list:
(usually, in plural) A utensil for supporting wood when burning in a fireplace, one being placed on each side


lexentry: eng/androcentrism__Noun__1
written_rep: androcentrism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: androcentryzm
sense_list:
An ideological focus on males and men, and issues affecting them, possibly to the detriment of non-males.


lexentry: eng/androgen__Noun__1
written_rep: androgen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: androgen
sense_list:
(steroid hormone) Any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates. A male sex hormone such as testosterone or anabolic steroids.


lexentry: eng/andrology__Noun__1
written_rep: andrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: andrologia
sense_list:
(medicine) The branch of medicine concerned with male diseases, especially those affecting the male reproductive system.


lexentry: eng/andropause__Noun__1
written_rep: andropause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: andropauza | męskie klimakterium
sense_list:
(medicine, endocrinology) The male equivalent of the menopause in women; characterized by a decline in libido and overall energy.


lexentry: eng/androsterone__Noun__1
written_rep: androsterone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: androsteron
sense_list:
(steroid hormone) An androgenic hormone, excreted in the urine, somewhat less active than testosterone.


lexentry: eng/anecdote__Noun__1
written_rep: anecdote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anegdota
sense_list:
An account which supports an argument, but which is not supported by scientific or statistical analysis. | A previously untold secret account of an incident.


lexentry: eng/anemia__Noun__1
written_rep: anemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anemia | niedokrwistość
sense_list:
(American spelling, uncountable, pathology) A medical condition in which the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen to the tissues is reduced, either because of too few red blood cells, or because of too little hemoglobin, resulting in pallor and fatigue.


lexentry: eng/anemic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anemic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anemiczny
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or suffering from anemia. | (by extension) Weak; listless; lacking power, vigor, vitality, or colorfulness.


lexentry: eng/anemoscope__Noun__1
written_rep: anemoscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anemoskop | wiatrowskaz
sense_list:
An instrument that shows the direction of the wind; a wind vane; a weathercock; usually applied to a contrivance consisting of a vane above, connected in the building with a dial or index with pointers to show the changes of the wind.


lexentry: eng/anencephaly__Noun__1
written_rep: anencephaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anencefalia | bezmózgowie
sense_list:
A lethal birth defect in which most of the brain and parts of the skull are missing; absence of the encephalon.


lexentry: eng/aneroid_barometer__Noun__1
written_rep: aneroid barometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aneroid
sense_list:
A barometer in which variations in pressure are measured using a partially evacuated capsule whose sides move in and out.


lexentry: eng/anesthesia__Noun__1
written_rep: anesthesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znieczulenie | anestezja
sense_list:
(medicine, American spelling, Canadian spelling) An artificial method of preventing sensation, used to eliminate pain without causing loss of vital functions, by the administration of one or more agents which block pain impulses before transmitted to the brain.


lexentry: eng/anesthesiologist__Noun__1
written_rep: anesthesiologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anestetysta | anestezjolog
sense_list:
(American spelling, Canadian spelling) A physician who specializes in anesthesiology and administers anesthesia.


lexentry: eng/anesthetic__Noun__1
written_rep: anesthetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anestetyk | narkoza | znieczulenie
sense_list:
(American spelling, medicine) A substance administered to reduce the perception of pain or to induce numbness for surgery and may render the recipient unconscious.


lexentry: eng/anesthetize__Verb__1
written_rep: anesthetize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znieczulać
sense_list:
(transitive) To administer anesthesia to: to render unfeeling or unconscious through the use of narcotic substances, usually either alcohol or pharmaceutical drugs.


lexentry: eng/aneuploidy__Noun__1
written_rep: aneuploidy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aneuploidia
sense_list:
(genetics) The condition of being aneuploid; the state of possessing a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number of the organism in question.


lexentry: eng/aneurysm__Noun__1
written_rep: aneurysm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tętniak | aneuryzma | anewryzm
sense_list:
(pathology) An abnormal blood-filled swelling of an artery or vein, resulting from a localized weakness in the wall of the vessel.


lexentry: eng/angel__Noun__1
written_rep: angel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anioł
sense_list:
An incorporeal and sometimes divine messenger from a deity, or other divine entity, often depicted in art as a youthful winged figure in flowing robes. | (Abrahamic tradition) One of the lowest order of such beings, below virtues. | A person having the qualities attributed to angels, such as purity or selflessness.


lexentry: eng/angel_investor__Noun__1
written_rep: angel investor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anioł biznesu
sense_list:
(business) An investor to a start-up, especially one who invests very early or during the company's initial forming.


lexentry: eng/angel_shark__Noun__1
written_rep: angel shark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anioł morski | raszpla
sense_list:
A member of the unusual genus Squatina of sharks with flattened bodies and broad pectoral fins resembling skates or rays. There are approximately 16 known species, which are the only members of their taxonomic genus, family and order. They occur worldwide in temperate and tropical seas.


lexentry: eng/angelic__Adjective__1
written_rep: angelic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anielski | angeliczny
sense_list:
Belonging to, or proceeding from, angels; resembling, characteristic of, or partaking of the nature of, an angel.


lexentry: eng/angelica__Noun__1
written_rep: angelica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzięgiel
sense_list:
A tall plant, with hollow stems, genus Angelica, especially garden angelica (Angelica archangelica).


lexentry: eng/angelology__Noun__1
written_rep: angelology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angelologia | angeologia
sense_list:
The study of angels. Angels have been grouped into nine categories or “choirs,” from lowest to highest: angel, virtue, archangel, power, principality, dominion, throne, cherub, and seraph.


lexentry: eng/anger__Noun__1
written_rep: anger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gniew | złość | wkurw
sense_list:
A strong feeling of displeasure, hostility, or antagonism towards someone or something, usually combined with an urge to harm, often stemming from perceived provocation, hurt, or threat.


lexentry: eng/angiocardiography__Noun__1
written_rep: angiocardiography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angiokardiografia
sense_list:
(medicine) A technique for radiographic examination of the heart chambers and thoracic vessels wherein a liquid radiocontrast agent is injected into the bloodstream, then the tissues are examined using X-rays.


lexentry: eng/angioedema__Noun__1
written_rep: angioedema
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obrzęk naczynioruchowy
sense_list:
(pathology) Swelling of the lower layers of the skin, often around the mouth, or of the mucosa or submucosa of the mouth or throat which can appear quickly in response to an allergen or due to other conditions


lexentry: eng/angiography__Noun__1
written_rep: angiography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angiografia | arteriografia
sense_list:
(medicine) A medical imaging technique in which an X-ray image is taken to visualize the inside of blood vessels and organs of the body, with particular interest in the arteries, veins and the heart chambers.


lexentry: eng/angioplasty__Noun__1
written_rep: angioplasty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angioplastyka | balonikowanie
sense_list:
(surgery) The mechanical widening of a narrowed or totally obstructed blood vessel generally caused by atheroma.


lexentry: eng/angiosperm__Noun__1
written_rep: angiosperm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nagonasienny
sense_list:
(botany) Any plant of the clade Angiosperms, characterized by having ovules enclosed in an ovary; a flowering plant.


lexentry: eng/angiotensin__Noun__1
written_rep: angiotensin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angiotensyna
sense_list:
(hormone) Any of several polypeptides that narrow blood vessels and thus regulate arterial pressure.


lexentry: eng/angle__Noun__1
written_rep: angle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kąt
sense_list:
(geometry) A figure formed by two rays which start from a common point (a plane angle) or by three planes that intersect (a solid angle).


lexentry: eng/angle__Noun__1
written_rep: angle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kąt | miara kąta
sense_list:
(geometry) The measure of such a figure. In the case of a plane angle, this is the ratio (or proportional to the ratio) of the arc length to the radius of a section of a circle cut by the two rays, centered at their common point. In the case of a solid angle, this is the ratio of the surface area to the square of the radius of the section of a sphere.


lexentry: eng/angle_grinder__Noun__1
written_rep: angle grinder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szlifierka kątowa
sense_list:
A usually hand-held grinder which uses a pair of internal gears to place the rotational axis of the grinding or cutting wheel perpendicular to that of the driving motor.


lexentry: eng/angle_of_attack__Noun__1
written_rep: angle of attack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kąt natarcia
sense_list:
(aeronautics) The angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the airflow over it; one of the determiners of the amount of lift produced by an airfoil.


lexentry: eng/anglerfish__Noun__1
written_rep: anglerfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: diabeł morski | żabnica
sense_list:
Any fish of the bony fish order Lophiiformes, which have an outgrowth they wiggle to lure and catch their prey.


lexentry: eng/anglicism__Noun__1
written_rep: anglicism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anglicyzm
sense_list:
An Englishism: a word or other feature originating in the English language that has been borrowed by another language.


lexentry: eng/angora__Noun__1
written_rep: angora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: królik angorski
sense_list:
A rabbit belonging to the Angora rabbit breed, one of the oldest domestic breeds of rabbits in the world, raised chiefly in Europe for its silky and long hair (a subspecies of the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus).


lexentry: eng/angostura__Noun__1
written_rep: angostura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: angostura
sense_list:
A South American tree, with bark used in tradition medicine and as an ingredient in various bitters (but not Angostura bitters), Angostura trifoliata.


lexentry: eng/angst__Noun__1
written_rep: angst
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lęk
sense_list:
A feeling of acute but vague anxiety or apprehension often accompanied by depression, especially philosophical anxiety.


lexentry: eng/angstrom__Noun__1
written_rep: angstrom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angstrem
sense_list:
(physics) A unit of length equal to 10−10 meters (that is, one ten-billionth of a meter), approximately the size of an atom, and denoted by the symbol Å, used especially to measure the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation or distances between atoms.


lexentry: eng/angular_velocity__Noun__1
written_rep: angular velocity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prędkość kątowa
sense_list:
(mathematics, physics) The angle turned, per unit time, by a body rotating about an axis; the rate of rotation through an angle.


lexentry: eng/anhedonia__Noun__1
written_rep: anhedonia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anhedonia
sense_list:
(symptom, psychiatry) The inability to feel pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable, such as exercise, hobbies, music, sexual activities or social interactions.


lexentry: eng/anhydride__Noun__1
written_rep: anhydride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezwodnik
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any compound formally derived from another (or from others) by the loss of a water molecule, especially acid anhydrides.


lexentry: eng/aniline__Noun__1
written_rep: aniline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anilina | aminobenzen
sense_list:
(organic compound) The simplest aromatic amine, C6H5NH2, synthesized by the reduction of nitrobenzene; it is a colourless oily basic poisonous liquid used in the manufacture of dyes and pharmaceuticals.


lexentry: eng/animal__Noun__1
written_rep: animal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwierzę
sense_list:
(science) Any eukaryote of the clade Animalia; a multicellular organism that is usually mobile, whose cells are not encased in a rigid cell wall (distinguishing it from plants and fungi) and which derives energy solely from the consumption of other organisms (distinguishing it from plants). | (loosely) Any member of the kingdom Animalia other than a human.


lexentry: eng/animal_feed__Noun__1
written_rep: animal feed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przydział
sense_list:
Material, of an animal or most often vegetable origin, prepared (especially industrially) as feed for domestic or farm animals.


lexentry: eng/animal_husbandry__Noun__1
written_rep: animal husbandry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chów
sense_list:
The management and care of farm animals by humans for profit, in which genetic qualities and behaviour, considered to be advantageous to humans, are further developed.


lexentry: eng/animal_rights__Noun__1
written_rep: animal rights
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawa zwierząt
sense_list:
Certain fundamental rights that animals are entitled to, such as the right to be spared undue suffering.


lexentry: eng/animate__Verb__1
written_rep: animate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: animować
sense_list:
(transitive) To impart motion or the appearance of motion to. | (transitive) To give spirit or vigour to; to stimulate or enliven; to inspirit.


lexentry: eng/animated_cartoon__Noun__1
written_rep: animated cartoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: film rysunkowy | animacja | film animowany
sense_list:
Any of several types of film / movie, the frames of which are drawn by hand in order to give a sense of movement when projected in rapid sequence.


lexentry: eng/animation__Noun__1
written_rep: animation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: animacja
sense_list:
(animation, in the sense of a cartoon) A sequence of still drawings or inanimate objects displayed in rapid succession to create the illusion of movement in motion pictures or computer graphics; the object (film, computer game, etc.) produced | (linguistics) conversion from the inanimate to animate grammatical category


lexentry: eng/animator__Noun__1
written_rep: animator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: animator | animatorka
sense_list:
One who animates something; one who brings something to life or the appearance of life. | One who creates an animation or cartoon; a cartoonist.


lexentry: eng/anime__Noun__1
written_rep: anime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anime
sense_list:
(uncountable) An artistic style originating in, and associated with, Japanese animation, and that has also been adopted by a comparatively low number of animated works from other countries. | (countable) An animated work that originated in Japan, regardless of the artistic style.


lexentry: eng/anise__Noun__1
written_rep: anise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anyż | anise
sense_list:
An umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella anisum) growing naturally in Egypt, and cultivated in Spain, Malta, etc., for its carminative and aromatic seeds, which are used as a spice. It has a licorice scent.


lexentry: eng/aniseed__Noun__1
written_rep: aniseed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anyż | anyżek
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) The seed-like fruit of the anise, used in baking and in the flavouring of liqueurs such as ouzo.


lexentry: eng/anisotropic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anisotropic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anizotropowy
sense_list:
(physics, mathematics) Having properties that differ according to the direction of measurement; exhibiting anisotropy.


lexentry: eng/ankerite__Noun__1
written_rep: ankerite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ankeryt
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of a group of mixed carbonate minerals, principally of calcium with iron, magnesium and manganese.


lexentry: eng/ankh__Noun__1
written_rep: ankh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anch | ankh
sense_list:
A cross shaped like a T with a loop at the top, the Egyptian hieroglyph representing the Egyptian triliteral ꜥnḫ and often used as an amulet or charm for this concept.


lexentry: eng/ankle__Noun__1
written_rep: ankle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kostka
sense_list:
The skeletal joint which connects the foot with the leg; the uppermost portion of the foot and lowermost portion of the leg, which contain this skeletal joint.


lexentry: eng/anklebone__Noun__1
written_rep: anklebone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kość skokowa
sense_list:
The bone of the ankle, forming the lower part of the ankle joint and joining with the tibia and fibula.


lexentry: eng/ankyloglossia__Noun__1
written_rep: ankyloglossia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łamaniec językowy
sense_list:
(medicine) A congenital oral anomaly in which the lingual frenulum is unusually short and thick, decreasing mobility of the tongue and affecting eating, speech, etc.


lexentry: eng/ankylosaurus__Noun__1
written_rep: ankylosaurus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ankylozaur
sense_list:
A large herbivorous dinosaur, of genus Ankylosaurus, that lived in the Cretaceous period, noted for its heavy armor and club-like tail.


lexentry: eng/anlaut__Noun__1
written_rep: anlaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nagłos
sense_list:
(linguistics) The first sound of a word (word-initial position) or syllable (syllable-initial position).


lexentry: eng/anneal__Verb__1
written_rep: anneal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozpalać
sense_list:
(metallurgy) To subject to great heat and then (often slow) cooling, and sometimes reheating and further cooling, for the purpose of rendering less brittle; to temper; to toughen.


lexentry: eng/annelid__Noun__1
written_rep: annelid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pierścienica
sense_list:
Any of various wormlike animals, of the phylum Annelida, having a segmented body; they include the earthworm and the leech.


lexentry: eng/annex__Noun__1
written_rep: annex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aneks
sense_list:
An addition, an extension. | An appendix to a book or document. | An addition or extension to a building.


lexentry: eng/annihilation__Noun__1
written_rep: annihilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: anihilacja
sense_list:
The state of being annihilated. | (physics) The process of a particle and its corresponding antiparticle combining to produce energy.


lexentry: eng/anniversary__Noun__1
written_rep: anniversary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rocznica | aniwersarz
sense_list:
A day that is an exact number of years (to the day) since a given significant event occurred. Often preceded by an ordinal number indicating the number of years.


lexentry: eng/annoy__Verb__1
written_rep: annoy
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: irytować
sense_list:
(transitive) To disturb or irritate, especially by continued or repeated acts; to bother with unpleasant deeds.


lexentry: eng/annual__Adjective__1
written_rep: annual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: roczny | coroczny | doroczny | jednoroczny
sense_list:
Of, for, or relating to a whole year, often as a recurring cycle; determined or reckoned by the year; accumulating in the course of a year; performed, executed, or completed over the course of a year. See also circannual.


lexentry: eng/annual__Noun__1
written_rep: annual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rocznik
sense_list:
An annual publication; a book, periodical, journal, report, comic book, yearbook, etc., which is published serially once a year, which may or may not be in addition to regular weekly or monthly publication.


lexentry: eng/annual_leave__Noun__1
written_rep: annual leave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: urlop
sense_list:
(workplace) Amount of time expressed as the number of days per year that an employee is entitled to be away from work.


lexentry: eng/annuity__Noun__1
written_rep: annuity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: emerytura
sense_list:
(insurance, pensions) A right to receive amounts of money regularly over a certain fixed period, in perpetuity, or, especially, over the remaining life or lives of one or more beneficiaries.


lexentry: eng/annul__Verb__1
written_rep: annul
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anulować
sense_list:
(transitive) To formally revoke the validity of. | (transitive) To dissolve (a marital union) on the grounds that it is not valid.


lexentry: eng/annulment__Noun__1
written_rep: annulment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abolicja | anulowanie | unieważnienie
sense_list:
An act or instance of annulling. | (legal) An invalidation of something, especially a legal contract.


lexentry: eng/annulus__Noun__1
written_rep: annulus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: pierścień kołowy
sense_list:
(botany) A structure surrounding a sporangium (or part of it) which shrinks and causes it to rupture for spore dispersal; specifically, in a fern: a structure around about two-thirds of the sporangium consisting of differentially thick-walled cells which dry and distort the sporangium; and in a moss: a complete ring of cells around the tip of the sporangium which dissolves to cause the tip to detach. | (geometry) The region in a plane between two concentric circles of different radii. | (topology) Any topological space homeomorphic to the region in a plane between two concentric circles of different radii.


lexentry: eng/anocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: anocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anokracja
sense_list:
(politics) A political system which is neither fully democratic nor fully autocratic, often being vulnerable to political instability.


lexentry: eng/anode__Noun__1
written_rep: anode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anoda
sense_list:
(electricity) An electrode, of a cell or other electrically polarized device, through which a positive current of electricity flows inwards (and thus, electrons flow outwards). It can have either a positive or a negative voltage with respect to cathode of the same polarized device (depending on whether the device is a load or a source, respectively).


lexentry: eng/anodontia__Noun__1
written_rep: anodontia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anodoncja | bezzębie | bezzębność
sense_list:
(dentistry, teratology) The congenital absence of some or all primary or permanent teeth, caused by a rare genetic disorder.


lexentry: eng/anoint__Verb__1
written_rep: anoint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: namaszczać
sense_list:
(transitive) To smear or rub over with oil or an unctuous substance; also, to spread over, as oil. | (transitive) To apply oil to or to pour oil upon, etc., as a sacred rite, especially for consecration.


lexentry: eng/anomaly__Noun__1
written_rep: anomaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anomalia | nieprawidłowość
sense_list:
A deviation from a rule or from what is regarded as normal; an outlier. | (science) Any event or measurement that is out of the ordinary regardless of whether it is exceptional or not. | (dated) An irregularity or disproportion.


lexentry: eng/anonymous__Adjective__1
written_rep: anonymous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anonimowy | bezimienny
sense_list:
(not comparable) Lacking a name; not named, for example an animal not assigned to any species. | (not comparable) Without any name acknowledged of a person responsible | (not comparable) Of unknown name; whose name is withheld | (comparable, figurative) Lacking individuality.


lexentry: eng/anorthosite__Noun__1
written_rep: anorthosite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anortozyt
sense_list:
(rock) A phaneritic, intrusive igneous rock characterized by a predominance of plagioclase feldspar.


lexentry: eng/anoscopy__Noun__1
written_rep: anoscopy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anoskopia
sense_list:
(medicine) An examination using a small, rigid, tubular instrument called an anoscope which is inserted into the anal canal


lexentry: eng/another__Determiner__1
written_rep: another
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kolejny | następny
sense_list:
One more/further, in addition to a former number; a second or additional one, similar in likeness or in effect.


lexentry: eng/anoxia__Noun__1
written_rep: anoxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anoksja
sense_list:
(ecology, pathology) A condition in which a body tissue or an environment is severely or totally deprived of oxygen; severe hypoxia.


lexentry: eng/answer__Noun__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpowiedź
sense_list:
A response or reply; something said or done in reaction to a statement or question. | A solution to a problem. | (legal) A document filed in response to a complaint, responding to each point raised in the complaint and raising counterpoints.


lexentry: eng/answer__Verb__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: odpowiadać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To suit a need or purpose satisfactorily. | (legal) To file a document in response to a complaint.


lexentry: eng/answer__Verb__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: odpowiadać | odpowiedzieć
sense_list:
To be or act in conformity, or by way of accommodation, correspondence, relation, or proportion; to conform; to correspond; to suit; usually with to. | (obsolete) To be or act as an equivalent to, or as adequate or sufficient for; to serve for; to repay.


lexentry: eng/ant__Noun__1
written_rep: ant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówka
sense_list:
Any of various insects in the family Formicidae in the order Hymenoptera, typically living in large colonies composed almost entirely of flightless females.


lexentry: eng/antacid__Noun__1
written_rep: antacid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwasoodporny
sense_list:
An agent that counteracts or neutralizes acidity, especially in the stomach. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/antagonist__Noun__1
written_rep: antagonist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antagonista | antagonistka
sense_list:
An opponent or enemy. | One who antagonizes or stirs. | (authorship) The main character or force opposing the protagonist in a literary work or drama.


lexentry: eng/antagonist__Noun__1
written_rep: antagonist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: antagonista
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A chemical that binds to a receptor but does not produce a physiological response, blocking the action of agonist chemicals. | (anatomy) A muscle that acts in opposition to another.


lexentry: eng/ante__Noun__1
written_rep: ante
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: światło
sense_list:
(poker) In poker and other games, the contribution made by all players to the pot before dealing the cards.


lexentry: eng/anteater__Noun__1
written_rep: anteater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówkojad
sense_list:
Any of several animals of South and Central America, in suborder Vermilingua, which are noted for eating ants and termites which they catch with their long sticky tongues.


lexentry: eng/antecedent__Noun__1
written_rep: antecedent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: antecedens
sense_list:
(logic) The conditional part of a hypothetical proposition, i.e. p \rightarrow q, where p is the antecedent, and q is the consequent. | (math) The first term of a ratio, i.e. the term a in the ratio a:b, the other being the consequent.


lexentry: eng/antechinus__Noun__1
written_rep: antechinus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chutliwiec
sense_list:
Any member of any on of the species of the genus Antechinus, small carnivorous marsupials that resemble shrews.


lexentry: eng/antediluvian__Adjective__1
written_rep: antediluvian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedpotopowy
sense_list:
(biblical) Belonging or pertaining to, or existing in, the time prior to the great flood described in Genesis, or (by extension) to a great or destructive flood or deluge described in other mythologies. | Of attitudes, ideas, etc.: extremely old-fashioned, especially to a laughable extent; antiquated.


lexentry: eng/antefix__Noun__1
written_rep: antefix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antefiks
sense_list:
(architecture) The vertical blocks which terminate the covering tiles of the roof of a Roman, Etruscan, or Greek temple.


lexentry: eng/antelope__Noun__1
written_rep: antelope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antylopa
sense_list:
Any of several African mammals of the family Bovidae distinguished by hollow horns, which, unlike deer, they do not shed.


lexentry: eng/antenna__Noun__1
written_rep: antenna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antena | czułek
sense_list:
An apparatus to receive or transmit electromagnetic waves and convert respectively to or from an electrical signal.


lexentry: eng/anterior_chamber__Noun__1
written_rep: anterior chamber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: komora przednia gałki ocznej
sense_list:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) A space inside the eye between the cornea and the iris, filled with aqueous humour.


lexentry: eng/anthem__Noun__1
written_rep: anthem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: hymn
sense_list:
A choral or vocal composition, often with a religious or political lyric. | A hymn of praise or loyalty.


lexentry: eng/antheridium__Noun__1
written_rep: antheridium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: plemnia
sense_list:
(botany, mycology) An organ producing male gametes called antherozoids, found in some algae, ferns, and bryophytes.


lexentry: eng/anthill__Noun__1
written_rep: anthill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrowisko
sense_list:
A cone-shaped structure built from sediment and other available materials by ants or white ants (termites), and beneath which the colony nests.


lexentry: eng/anthocyanin__Noun__1
written_rep: anthocyanin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antocyjan | antocyjanina
sense_list:
(botany, organic chemistry) Any of many water-soluble red to violet plant pigments related to the flavonoids (more noticeable in autumn after the chlorophyll decomposes)


lexentry: eng/anthodium__Noun__1
written_rep: anthodium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koszyczek
sense_list:
(botany) The inflorescence of a compound flower in which many florets are gathered into an involucrate head.


lexentry: eng/anthology__Noun__1
written_rep: anthology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antologia
sense_list:
A collection of literary works, such as poems or short stories, especially a collection from various authors.


lexentry: eng/anthracene__Noun__1
written_rep: anthracene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antracen
sense_list:
(organic compound) A tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (an acene containing three fused rings) obtained from coal tar; used in the manufacture of wood preservatives, insecticides and the dye alizarin; it is isomeric with phenanthrene.


lexentry: eng/anthrax__Noun__1
written_rep: anthrax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wąglik | antraks
sense_list:
(pathology) An acute infectious disease of herbivores, especially sheep and cattle, caused by Bacillus anthracis.


lexentry: eng/anthropocentric__Adjective__1
written_rep: anthropocentric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropocentryczny
sense_list:
Placing humans at the center of something, giving preference to humans above all other considerations.


lexentry: eng/anthropocentrism__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropocentrism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropocentryzm
sense_list:
A viewpoint or theory that places human beings at the center of everything, giving preference to human beings above all other considerations.


lexentry: eng/anthropogenic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anthropogenic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropogeniczny
sense_list:
Pertaining to the origin of man, or anthropogeny. | Having its origin in the influence of human activity on nature.


lexentry: eng/anthropogeography__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropogeography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropogeografia
sense_list:
(anthropology) The study of the geographical distribution of humankind and the relationship between human beings and their environment


lexentry: eng/anthropography__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropografia
sense_list:
The branch of anthropology that deals with the geographical distribution of the human race in its different divisions, as distinguished by physical character, language, institutions, and customs, in contradistinction to ethnography, which deals historically with the origin and filiation of races and nations.


lexentry: eng/anthropology__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropologia
sense_list:
The scientific study of humans, systematically describing the ethnographic, linguistic, archaeological, and evolutionary dimensions of humanity using a holistic methodological framework.


lexentry: eng/anthropometry__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropometria
sense_list:
The science of measuring the human body to ascertain the ranges and averages of dimensions of the human form, for various purposes including physical anthropology, epidemiology, the ergonomics of industrial design, and so on.


lexentry: eng/anthropomorphic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anthropomorphic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antropomorficzny
sense_list:
(of animals, inanimate objects, and non-human entities) Having attributes or characteristics of a human being.


lexentry: eng/anthroposcopy__Noun__1
written_rep: anthroposcopy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antroposkopia
sense_list:
A form of anthropology based upon visual observation of the physical characteristics of the human body.


lexentry: eng/anthroposophy__Noun__1
written_rep: anthroposophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antropozofia
sense_list:
A philosophy founded in the early 20th century by the esotericist Rudolf Steiner (also capitalized as Anthroposophy), postulating the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world accessible to direct experience through inner development.


lexentry: eng/anthropozoonosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropozoonosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropozoonoza
sense_list:
(pathology) Any pathogen that is transmitted from animals to humans. Specifically, it refers to infections that primarily affect animals but can be naturally transmitted to humans.


lexentry: eng/anthurium__Noun__1
written_rep: anthurium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anturium
sense_list:
Any of several tropical American evergreen plants, of the genus Anthurium, grown for their ornamental leaves and spathes.


lexentry: eng/anti-Semitism__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-Semitism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antysemityzm
sense_list:
(narrower sense) Prejudice, discrimination, hostility or political or religious opposition directed against ethnic or religious Jews or against Judaism; antijudaism; judeophobia.


lexentry: eng/anti-story__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-story
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypowieść
sense_list:
(literature) A work of fiction in which the author breaks in some way the conventional rules of storytelling, usually with some feature (for example, a lack of plot or characters, unusual punctuation, odd subject or presentation, etc.) that strongly challenges the reader's expectations.


lexentry: eng/anti-villain__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-villain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyzłoczyńca
sense_list:
(fiction) An antagonist who has or may have noble or honorable aims, but pursues them destructively.


lexentry: eng/antiatom__Noun__1
written_rep: antiatom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyatom
sense_list:
(particle physics) An antiparticle composed of antiprotons, antineutrons, and positrons. An antimatter equivalent of the atom.


lexentry: eng/antibacchius__Noun__1
written_rep: antibacchius
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antybakch
sense_list:
(poetry) A rare metrical foot consisting of two accented syllables followed by one unaccented syllable.


lexentry: eng/antibiosis__Noun__1
written_rep: antibiosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antybioza
sense_list:
(ecology) An association between organisms that is detrimental (harmful) to one or more of them; especially that due to a metabolic substance produced by one of them.


lexentry: eng/antibiotic__Noun__1
written_rep: antibiotic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antybiotyk
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms, generally transported by the lymphatic system.


lexentry: eng/anticenter__Noun__1
written_rep: anticenter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antycentrum
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point in the sky opposite to that of the centre of the galaxy (when viewed from Earth) | (geology) antiepicenter


lexentry: eng/antichlor__Noun__1
written_rep: antichlor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antychlor
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any substance used to remove excess chlorine or hypochlorite from textiles etc after bleaching; typically sodium thiosulfate.


lexentry: eng/anticipation__Noun__1
written_rep: anticipation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oczekiwanie
sense_list:
The act of anticipating, taking up, placing, or considering something beforehand, or before the proper time in natural order.


lexentry: eng/anticipation__Noun__1
written_rep: anticipation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: antycypacja
sense_list:
(music) A non-harmonic tone that is lower or higher than a note in the previous chord and a unison to a note in the next chord.


lexentry: eng/anticlimax__Noun__1
written_rep: anticlimax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antygradacja | antyklimaks
sense_list:
(narratology) An unsatisfying resolution to a narrative, usually owing to a deus ex machina or similarly trivial resolution of the main conflict. | (rhetoric) An abrupt descent (either deliberate or unintentional) from the dignity of the idea which the speaker or writer appeared to be aiming for.


lexentry: eng/anticlockwise__Adjective__1
written_rep: anticlockwise
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lewoskrętny | przeciwny do ruchu wskazówek zegara
sense_list:
(South Africa, Australia, NZ, British, Ireland, Hong Kong, Singapore) in a circular fashion so as to be moving to the left at the top of the circle and to the right at the bottom (when viewed from the front), in the opposite direction to the way the hands of an analogue clock move.


lexentry: eng/antidisestablishmentarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: antidisestablishmentarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antydisestablishmentaryzm
sense_list:
A political philosophy opposed to the separation of a religious group (church) and a government (state), especially the belief held by those in 19th-century England opposed to separating the Anglican church from the civil government or to refer to separation of church and state. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/antienzyme__Noun__1
written_rep: antienzyme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyenzym
sense_list:
Any substance, especially an antibody or another enzyme, that counteracts the effects of a specific enzyme


lexentry: eng/antiferroelectric__Adjective__1
written_rep: antiferroelectric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyferroelektryczny
sense_list:
(physics) Describing a state in which dipoles are arranged antiparallel to adjacent ones, resulting in a net zero polarization


lexentry: eng/antiferromagnetism__Noun__1
written_rep: antiferromagnetism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyferromagnetyzm
sense_list:
(physics) a phenomenon, similar to ferromagnetism, in which magnetic domains line up in a regular pattern, but with neighbouring electron spins pointing in opposite directions; materials showing this effect are either ferrimagnetic or diamagnetic, and become paramagnetic above the Neel temperature


lexentry: eng/antifragility__Noun__1
written_rep: antifragility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antydelikatność
sense_list:
The ability of a system to benefit and grow from a certain class of random events, errors, and volatility.


lexentry: eng/antihero__Noun__1
written_rep: antihero
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antybohater | antybohaterka
sense_list:
(literature, RPG) A protagonist who proceeds in an unheroic manner, such as by criminal means, via cowardly actions, or for mercenary goals.


lexentry: eng/antihistamine__Noun__1
written_rep: antihistamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lek antyhistaminowy
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug or substance that counteracts the effects of a histamine. Commonly used to alleviate the symptoms of hay fever and other allergies.


lexentry: eng/antihydrogen__Noun__1
written_rep: antihydrogen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antywodór
sense_list:
(particle, uncountable) The antimatter equivalent of hydrogen, consisting of an antiproton and an positron (antielectron).


lexentry: eng/antiking__Noun__1
written_rep: antiking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antykról
sense_list:
(politics) One who declares himself king in opposition to a reigning monarch, especially in an electoral monarchy.


lexentry: eng/antiliterature__Noun__1
written_rep: antiliterature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyliteratura
sense_list:
(literature) Written works that deliberately avoid the typical conventions of literature, such as antinovels, antiplays and antipoems.


lexentry: eng/antilogy__Noun__1
written_rep: antilogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antylogia | oksymoron
sense_list:
(rhetoric) A contradiction in related terms or ideas. Usually an inconsistency in syllogisms, of a person or group supposedly of one set of ideals.


lexentry: eng/antimetabole__Noun__1
written_rep: antimetabole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antymetabola | antymetalepsja | antymetateza
sense_list:
(rhetoric) The technique of repeating a phrase while reversing the order of certain elements or its grammatical structure, as a form of juxtaposition.


lexentry: eng/antimetabolite__Noun__1
written_rep: antimetabolite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antymetabolit
sense_list:
(medicine) Any substance that competes with, or inhibits the normal metabolic process, often by acting as an analogue of an essential metabolite.


lexentry: eng/antimetathesis__Noun__1
written_rep: antimetathesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antymetabola | antymetalepsja | antymetateza
sense_list:
The inversion of the parts of an antithesis, as in "A poem is a speaking picture; a picture, a mute poem" (Crabbe).


lexentry: eng/antimony__Noun__1
written_rep: antimony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antymon
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Sb, from Latin stibium) with an atomic number of 51: in its stable allotrope, a lustrous gray and very brittle metal.


lexentry: eng/antinatalism__Noun__1
written_rep: antinatalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynatalizm
sense_list:
(philosophy) A family of philosophical views that are critical of reproduction — they consider coming into existence as bad or deem procreation as immoral.


lexentry: eng/antinational__Adjective__1
written_rep: antinational
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynarodowy
sense_list:
(politics) Opposed to one's own nation; unpatriotic. | (politics) Opposed to purely national concerns; not founded on the idea of the nation.


lexentry: eng/antinaturalism__Noun__1
written_rep: antinaturalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynaturalizm
sense_list:
(sociology) The view that the natural world and the social world are different, related to antipositivism.


lexentry: eng/anting__Noun__1
written_rep: anting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówkowanie | kąpiel mrówkowa
sense_list:
(ornithology) The practice of some birds of rubbing live ants or occasionally other items into the feathers, possibly as a means of controlling parasites.


lexentry: eng/antinicotinic__Adjective__1
written_rep: antinicotinic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynikotynowy
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical effect) That inhibits the actions of nicotine and nicotine-like agents on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors


lexentry: eng/antinode__Noun__1
written_rep: antinode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brzuch
sense_list:
(physics) A region of maximum amplitude situated between adjacent nodes of a vibrating body, such as a string.


lexentry: eng/antinomianism__Noun__1
written_rep: antinomianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynomizm
sense_list:
(Christianity) The belief or teaching that because only the spiritual "law of faith" (Romans 3:27) is essential for salvation, obedience to any practical or moral law has no role to play, even as a guide to conduct or as a test of the genuineness of faith.


lexentry: eng/antinomy__Noun__1
written_rep: antinomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antynomia | sprzeczność
sense_list:
(specifically, epistemology, logic) In the thought of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804): an apparent contradiction between valid conclusions; a paradox.


lexentry: eng/antinuclear__Adjective__1
written_rep: antinuclear
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynuklearny
sense_list:
Opposed to the production or use of nuclear weapons, or opposed to the generation of electricity from nuclear power.


lexentry: eng/antiparticle__Noun__1
written_rep: antiparticle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antycząstka
sense_list:
(particle) A subatomic particle corresponding to another particle with the same mass, spin and mean lifetime but with charge, parity, strangeness and other quantum numbers flipped in sign; a particle that has a reversed world line to another.


lexentry: eng/antipasto__Noun__1
written_rep: antipasto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypast
sense_list:
An Italian starter for a meal; normally a cold assortment of salami, cheese, seafood and vegetables.


lexentry: eng/antipathy__Noun__1
written_rep: antipathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypatia
sense_list:
A feeling of dislike (normally towards someone, less often towards something); repugnance or distaste often without any conscious reasoning.


lexentry: eng/antiperspirant__Noun__1
written_rep: antiperspirant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyperspirant
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A substance used to minimize sweating or perspiration, and usually applied to the underarm area.


lexentry: eng/antiphonal__Adjective__1
written_rep: antiphonal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyfonalny
sense_list:
(music) Characterized by antiphones or antiphony; incorporating alternate, or responsive singing by a choir split into two parts.


lexentry: eng/antiphony__Noun__1
written_rep: antiphony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyfona
sense_list:
(music, singing) Alternate, or responsive singing by a choir split into two parts; a piece sung or chanted in this manner.


lexentry: eng/antiphrasis__Noun__1
written_rep: antiphrasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyfraza
sense_list:
(rhetoric) Use of a word or phrase in a sense not in accord with its literal meaning, especially for ironic or humorous effect


lexentry: eng/antipodes__Noun__1
written_rep: antipodes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypody
sense_list:
The place on the diametrically opposite side of the earth from a given point. | (UK, now, rare) Australia and New Zealand. | (figuratively, by extension) The opposite of something.


lexentry: eng/antipope__Noun__1
written_rep: antipope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypapież
sense_list:
(Christianity) A person who claims or claimed to be the pope, usually as the result of a disputed election or deposition, but is not considered by the Roman Catholic Church to be the real pope.


lexentry: eng/antiprism__Noun__1
written_rep: antiprism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antygraniastosłup
sense_list:
A polyhedron composed of two parallel copies of some particular polygon, connected by an alternating band of triangles.


lexentry: eng/antiquary__Noun__1
written_rep: antiquary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antykwariusz | antykwarz | archaista
sense_list:
A person who is knowledgeable of, or who collects antiques (especially one holding an official position); an antiquarian.


lexentry: eng/antique__Adjective__1
written_rep: antique
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyczny
sense_list:
Having existed in ancient times, descended from antiquity; used especially in reference to Greece and Rome. | Belonging to former times, not modern, out of date, old-fashioned.


lexentry: eng/antique_shop__Noun__1
written_rep: antique shop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antykwariat | antykwarnia
sense_list:
(retail) A business dedicated to storing, selling, restoring, and trading in items from previous eras for their superficial and historical value, especially furniture and trinkets.


lexentry: eng/antiquity__Noun__1
written_rep: antiquity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: starożytność | antyk
sense_list:
Ancient times; faraway history; former ages | The people of ancient times. | (often, constructed as an uncountable plural) A relic or monument of ancient times, such as a coin, a statue, etc.; an ancient institution.


lexentry: eng/antiquity__Noun__1
written_rep: antiquity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: starożytność
sense_list:
(history) The historical period preceding the Middle Ages (c. 500-1500), primarily relating to European history.


lexentry: eng/antirealism__Noun__1
written_rep: antirealism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyrealizm
sense_list:
(philosophy) Any position involving denial of the objective reality of certain entities, or denial that certain general statements are objectively either true or false.


lexentry: eng/antisepsis__Noun__1
written_rep: antisepsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyseptyka
sense_list:
(hygiene) The science and practice of countering microbial infection, as with the use of antiseptics, and the use of aseptic technique.


lexentry: eng/antiseptic__Noun__1
written_rep: antiseptic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyseptyk | środek antyseptyczny
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any substance that inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Generally includes only those that are used on living objects (as opposed to disinfectants) and aren't transported by the lymphatic system to destroy bacteria in the body (as opposed to antibiotics).


lexentry: eng/antisocial_personality_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: antisocial personality disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osobowość dyssocjalna
sense_list:
(psychology) A personality disorder marked by antisocial behavior, a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.


lexentry: eng/antistrophe__Noun__1
written_rep: antistrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antystrofa
sense_list:
In Greek choruses and dances, the returning of the chorus, exactly answering to a previous strophe or movement from right to left.


lexentry: eng/antisymmetric__Adjective__1
written_rep: antisymmetric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antysymetryczny
sense_list:
(set theory, order theory, of a binary relation R on a set S) Having the property that, for any two distinct elements of S, at least one is not related to the other via R; equivalently, having the property that, for any x, y ∈ S, if both xRy and yRx then x=y. | (linear algebra, of certain mathematical objects) Whose sign changes on the application of a matrix transpose or some generalisation thereof:


lexentry: eng/antiterrorism__Noun__1
written_rep: antiterrorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyterroryzm
sense_list:
(law enforcement, military, often, attributive) Activity aiming at opposing or preventing terrorism.


lexentry: eng/antithetical__Adjective__1
written_rep: antithetical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytetyczny
sense_list:
Pertaining to antithesis, or opposition of words and sentiments; containing, or of the nature of, antithesis; contrasted.


lexentry: eng/antitrinitarian__Adjective__1
written_rep: antitrinitarian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytrynitarski
sense_list:
(theology) Rejecting the Trinitarian doctrine that God subsists as three distinct Persons in the single substance of the Holy Trinity.


lexentry: eng/antitrinitarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: antitrinitarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytrynitaryzm
sense_list:
(theology) Rejection of the Trinitarian doctrine that God subsists as three distinct persons in the single substance of the Holy Trinity; nontrinitarianism.


lexentry: eng/antitrust__Adjective__1
written_rep: antitrust
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antymonopolowy
sense_list:
(legal) Opposed to or against the establishment or existence of trusts (monopolies), usually referring to legislation.


lexentry: eng/antitype__Noun__1
written_rep: antitype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytyp
sense_list:
Something that is symbolized or represented by a type, such as Christ by the Paschal Lamb; the fulfillment of a type.


lexentry: eng/antivenom__Noun__1
written_rep: antivenom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytoksyna | przeciwjad
sense_list:
(medicine) A medicine that counteracts venom, an antidote to biological poisons from venomous animals such as snakes and spiders.


lexentry: eng/antivirus__Noun__1
written_rep: antivirus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antywirus
sense_list:
(computing) A piece of software that is used to detect, delete and or neutralize computer-based viruses.


lexentry: eng/antler__Noun__1
written_rep: antler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poroże | róg
sense_list:
A deciduous branching and bony structure on the head of deer, moose and elk, normally in pairs. They are grown and shed each year. (Compare with horn, which is generally not shed.)


lexentry: eng/antlion__Noun__1
written_rep: antlion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówkolew
sense_list:
Any of various species of insects, many of them nocturnal, in the family Myrmeleontidae. The adults superficially resemble the unrelated damselflies. The larvae bury themselves in sand below a cone-shaped pit in which they trap insects such as ants.


lexentry: eng/anvil__Noun__1
written_rep: anvil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kowadło
sense_list:
A heavy iron block used in the blacksmithing trade as a surface upon which metal can be struck and shaped.


lexentry: eng/anxiety__Noun__1
written_rep: anxiety
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niepokój | trwoga
sense_list:
An unpleasant state of mental uneasiness, nervousness, apprehension and obsession or concern about some uncertain event.


lexentry: eng/anxiety__Noun__1
written_rep: anxiety
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: lęk
sense_list:
(pathology) A state of restlessness and agitation, often accompanied by a distressing sense of oppression or tightness in the stomach.


lexentry: eng/anxious__Adjective__1
written_rep: anxious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zaniepokojony
sense_list:
Having a feeling of anxiety or disquietude; extremely concerned, especially about something that will happen in the future or that is unknown.


lexentry: eng/any__Determiner__1
written_rep: any
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jakiś | żaden
sense_list:
(negative polarity item) One at all; at least one; at least one kind of; some; a positive quantity of.


lexentry: eng/any_other_business__Phrase__1
written_rep: any other business
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jakieś inne sprawy
sense_list:
The last item on the agenda for a meeting, when any matter not already dealt with may be raised. Abbreviations: a.o.b., AOB.


lexentry: eng/aorist__Noun__1
written_rep: aorist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aoryst
sense_list:
(grammar) A verb paradigm found in certain languages, usually an unmarked form or one that expresses the perfective or aorist aspect.


lexentry: eng/aorist_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: aorist aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aoryst
sense_list:
(grammar) A temporal feature of the verb which denotes the speaker's standpoint of the event described by the verb, as from outside of the event and seeing it as a completed whole.


lexentry: eng/aorta__Noun__1
written_rep: aorta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aorta
sense_list:
(anatomy) The great artery which carries the blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main trunk of the arterial system.


lexentry: eng/aortic_arch__Noun__1
written_rep: aortic arch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łuk aorty
sense_list:
(anatomy) The curving portion of the aorta that bends between the ascending aorta and the descending aorta, from which the brachiocephalic artery, left carotid artery, and left subclavian artery arise.


lexentry: eng/apanage__Noun__1
written_rep: apanage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apanaże
sense_list:
(historical) A grant (especially by a sovereign) of land (or other source of revenue) as a birthright.


lexentry: eng/apartment__Noun__1
written_rep: apartment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mieszkanie
sense_list:
(chiefly, North America, Australia, Philippines) A complete domicile occupying only part of a building, especially one for rent; a flat.


lexentry: eng/apastron__Noun__1
written_rep: apastron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apastron
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point of greatest separation between a celestial object and the star which it orbits.


lexentry: eng/apatheia__Noun__1
written_rep: apatheia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apatia
sense_list:
(philosophy) A state of mind in Stoic philosophy in which one is free from emotional disturbance; the freedom from all passions.


lexentry: eng/apatheism__Noun__1
written_rep: apatheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apateizm
sense_list:
(religion) Apathy towards the existence of a god; belief that the question of the existence of a god is unimportant.


lexentry: eng/apathy__Noun__1
written_rep: apathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apatia | tępota
sense_list:
Lack of emotion or motivation; lack of interest or enthusiasm towards something; disinterest (in something).


lexentry: eng/apatite__Noun__1
written_rep: apatite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apatyt
sense_list:
(mineral) A calcium fluoride phosphate of variable composition, sometimes used in the manufacture of fertilizer, as a gemstone, and (in powdered form) as a pigment, and also produced biologically in bones and teeth.


lexentry: eng/ape__Noun__1
written_rep: ape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: małpa | małpa człekokształtna
sense_list:
A primate of the clade Hominoidea, generally larger than monkeys and distinguished from them by having no tail.


lexentry: eng/apeman__Noun__1
written_rep: apeman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pitekantrop
sense_list:
A prehistoric man resembling an ape, especially one held to be a precursor to modern humans; a non-human australopithecine.


lexentry: eng/aperture__Noun__1
written_rep: aperture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apertura | przesłona | przysłona
sense_list:
(astronomy, photography) The diameter of such a hole which restricts the width of the lightpath through the whole system. For a telescope, this is the diameter of the objective lens.


lexentry: eng/apex__Noun__1
written_rep: apex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apeks
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point on the celestial sphere toward which the Sun appears to move relative to nearby stars.


lexentry: eng/apex__Noun__1
written_rep: apex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczyt
sense_list:
(botany) The end of a leaf, petal or similar organ opposed to the end where it is attached to its support.


lexentry: eng/aphanitic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aphanitic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afanitowy
sense_list:
(geology, petrology) Pertaining to aphanites, igneous rocks composed of microscopic mineral crystals (fine grains too small to be visible to the naked eye.


lexentry: eng/aphasia__Noun__1
written_rep: aphasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afazja
sense_list:
(pathology) A partial or total loss of language skills due to brain damage. Usually, damage to the left perisylvian region, including Broca's area and Wernicke's area, causes aphasia.


lexentry: eng/aphelion__Noun__1
written_rep: aphelion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aphelium | afelium
sense_list:
(astronomy, also, figuratively) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, or other astronomical object, where it is farthest from the Sun.


lexentry: eng/apheresis__Noun__1
written_rep: apheresis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afereza
sense_list:
(phonetics, linguistics, prosody) Elision, suppression, or complete loss of a letter or sound (syllable) from the beginning of a word, such as the development of special from especial; procope.


lexentry: eng/aphotic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aphotic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afotyczny
sense_list:
Having no light, especially no sunlight; specifically (biology, oceanography) describing that part of deep lakes and oceans where less than one per cent of sunlight penetrates and where photosynthesis is not possible.


lexentry: eng/aphotic_zone__Noun__1
written_rep: aphotic zone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strefa afotyczna
sense_list:
(oceanography) That part of the deep body of an ocean or lake that receives insufficient sunlight for photosynthesis to be possible.


lexentry: eng/aplanat__Noun__1
written_rep: aplanat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplanat
sense_list:
(optics) A lens that has been corrected for spherical aberration and coma in order to produce a rectilinear image.


lexentry: eng/aplanatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aplanatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplanatyczny
sense_list:
(optics, of an optical system) Free from, or corrected for, spherical aberration and chromatic aberration


lexentry: eng/aplasia__Noun__1
written_rep: aplasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplazja
sense_list:
(pathology) A condition marked by the incomplete development, or entire absence, of an organ or tissue.


lexentry: eng/aplastic_anemia__Noun__1
written_rep: aplastic anemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anemia aplastyczna | niedokrwistość aplastyczna
sense_list:
(disease, hematology) A rare disease in which the bone marrow and the hematopoietic stem cells that reside there are damaged, causing pancytopenia.


lexentry: eng/aplomb__Noun__1
written_rep: aplomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplomb
sense_list:
Self-confidence; poise; composure. | (ballet) The apparent elegance and precision exhibited by a confident, accomplished dancer.


lexentry: eng/apnea__Noun__1
written_rep: apnea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezdech
sense_list:
(pathology) The cessation of breathing, most often in reference to transient instances thereof during sleep.


lexentry: eng/apocalypse__Noun__1
written_rep: apocalypse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apokalipsa | objawienie
sense_list:
(Christianity) The unveiling of events prophesied in the Revelation; the second coming and the end of life on Earth; global destruction. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/apocalyptic__Adjective__1
written_rep: apocalyptic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apokaliptyczny
sense_list:
Of or relating to an apocalypse (a revelation), revelatory; prophetic. | Of or relating to an apocalypse (a disaster).


lexentry: eng/apocatastasis__Noun__1
written_rep: apocatastasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apokatastaza
sense_list:
(especially, religion, rare) An apocalypse leading to the remaking of the world rather than a Final Judgment, (Christianity) an Origenist doctrine condemned by the 543 C.E. Synod of Constantinople.


lexentry: eng/apocrypha__Noun__1
written_rep: apocrypha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apokryf
sense_list:
Something, as a writing, that is of doubtful authorship or authority (formerly also used attributively).


lexentry: eng/apocryphal__Adjective__1
written_rep: apocryphal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apokryficzny | apokryfowy
sense_list:
(Christianity) Of, or pertaining to, the Apocrypha. | (by extension) Of dubious veracity; of questionable accuracy or truthfulness; anecdotal or in the nature of an urban legend.


lexentry: eng/apogee__Noun__1
written_rep: apogee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apogeum
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is farthest from the Earth: the apoapsis of an Earth orbiter.


lexentry: eng/apolipoprotein__Noun__1
written_rep: apolipoprotein
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apolipoproteina
sense_list:
(protein) Any polypeptide or protein that can serve as an apoprotein by binding with a lipid to form a lipoprotein.


lexentry: eng/apologetics__Noun__1
written_rep: apologetics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apologetyka
sense_list:
The field of study concerned with the systematic defense of a position, or of religious or occult doctrines


lexentry: eng/apologize__Verb__1
written_rep: apologize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepraszać | apologizować | przeprosić
sense_list:
(intransitive, often followed by “for”) To make an apology or excuse; to acknowledge some fault or offense, with expression of regret for it, by way of amends | (intransitive, dated) To make an apologia or defense; to act as apologist.


lexentry: eng/apology__Noun__1
written_rep: apology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeprosiny | przeproszenie
sense_list:
An expression of remorse or regret for having said or done something that harmed another: an instance of apologizing (saying that one is sorry).


lexentry: eng/apomixis__Noun__1
written_rep: apomixis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apomiksja
sense_list:
(botany) Plant reproduction without fertilization, meiosis, or the production of gametes. | (zoology) Animal reproduction in which the egg cell does not undergo meiosis or fertilization.


lexentry: eng/apophysis__Noun__1
written_rep: apophysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apofiza
sense_list:
(anatomy) A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; a protuberance on a bone. | (botany) The external part of a cone scale. | (geology) A branch of a dike or vein.


lexentry: eng/apoptosis__Noun__1
written_rep: apoptosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apoptoza
sense_list:
(biology, cytology) A process of programmed cell death by which cells undergo an ordered sequence of events which leads to death of the cell, as occurs during growth and development of the organism, as a part of normal cell aging, or as a response to cellular injury. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/aporia__Noun__1
written_rep: aporia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aporia
sense_list:
(rhetoric) An expression of deliberation with oneself regarding uncertainty or doubt as to how to proceed. | (philosophy, post-structuralism) An insoluble contradiction, especially in a text's meaning; a logical impasse suggested by a text or speaker.


lexentry: eng/aposematism__Noun__1
written_rep: aposematism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aposematyczne | ubarwienie ostrzegawcze
sense_list:
(biology, chiefly, zoology) An adaptation, especially a form of coloration, that warns off potential predators.


lexentry: eng/aposiopesis__Noun__1
written_rep: aposiopesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aposjopeza | apozjopeza
sense_list:
(rhetoric) An abrupt breaking-off in speech, often indicated in print using an ellipsis (…) or an em dash (—).


lexentry: eng/apostle__Noun__1
written_rep: apostle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apostoł | apostołka
sense_list:
A missionary, or leader of a religious mission, especially one in the early Christian Church (but see Apostle).


lexentry: eng/apostle__Noun__1
written_rep: apostle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: apostoł
sense_list:
A top-ranking ecclesiastical official in the twelve seat administrative council of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.


lexentry: eng/apostolic__Adjective__1
written_rep: apostolic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apostolski | papieski
sense_list:
(Christianity) Pertaining to apostles or their practice of teaching; pertaining to the apostles (of early Christianity) or their teachings. | Of or pertaining to the pope or the papacy; papal.


lexentry: eng/apostolic_succession__Noun__1
written_rep: apostolic succession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sukcesja apostolska
sense_list:
(Christianity) The unbroken chain of consecrations by laying on of hands from the Apostles of Jesus Christ to the bishops, and from to bishop to bishop through the ages.


lexentry: eng/apostrophe__Noun__1
written_rep: apostrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apostrof | apostrofa
sense_list:
(orthography) The text character ’, which serves as a punctuation mark in various languages and as a diacritical mark in certain rare contexts.


lexentry: eng/apostrophe__Noun__2
written_rep: apostrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apostrofa
sense_list:
(rhetoric) A sudden exclamatory piece of dialogue addressed to someone or something, especially absent.


lexentry: eng/apothecium__Noun__1
written_rep: apothecium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apotecjum | miseczka
sense_list:
(lichenology & mycology) A type of fructification of some ascomycete fungi, forming cyst structures of various shapes. Often the fungal components of lichens have this sort of fertile structure.


lexentry: eng/apothem__Noun__1
written_rep: apothem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apotema
sense_list:
(geometry) The perpendicular distance from the center of a circle to a chord of the same circle. | (geometry) The distance from the center of a regular polygon perpendicular to one of its sides (a special case of the above).


lexentry: eng/apotropaism__Noun__1
written_rep: apotropaism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apotropaizm
sense_list:
(religion, mysticism) The use of ritual or other magical means (including charms and/or incantations) to avert evil or bad luck.


lexentry: eng/app__Noun__1
written_rep: app
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apka | aplikacja
sense_list:
(computing, mobile phones) An application (program), especially a small one designed for a mobile device.


lexentry: eng/apparatchik__Noun__1
written_rep: apparatchik
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aparatczyk
sense_list:
(historical) A member of the Soviet apparat; a Communist bureaucrat or agent. [from 20th c.] | A blindly loyal bureaucrat. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/apparatus__Noun__1
written_rep: apparatus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aparat | aparatura | instrumentarium
sense_list:
The entirety of means whereby a specific production is made existent or task accomplished. | (collective) An assortment of tools and instruments.


lexentry: eng/apparatus__Noun__1
written_rep: apparatus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aparat
sense_list:
A complex machine or instrument. | A bureaucratic organization, especially one influenced by political patronage.


lexentry: eng/apparent__Adjective__1
written_rep: apparent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: widoczny
sense_list:
Capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to the eye, eyely; within sight or view.


lexentry: eng/apparent__Adjective__1
written_rep: apparent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pozorny
sense_list:
Appearing to the eye or mind (distinguished from, but not necessarily opposed to, true or real); seeming.


lexentry: eng/apparition__Noun__1
written_rep: apparition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zjawa
sense_list:
An unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural appearance; especially something such as a ghost or phantom.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Noun__1
written_rep: appeal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apelacja | rewizja
sense_list:
An application to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Verb__1
written_rep: appeal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apelować | odwołać się | odwoływać się | zaapelować
sense_list:
(intransitive) Often followed by against (the inferior court's decision) or to (the superior court): to apply to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Verb__1
written_rep: appeal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apelować | podobać się | spodobać się | zaapelować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one's rights; to entreat, to invoke.


lexentry: eng/appear__Verb__1
written_rep: appear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: stanąć | stawić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To stand in presence of some authority, tribunal, or superior person, to answer a charge, plead a cause, etc.; to present oneself as a party or advocate before a court, or as a person to be tried.


lexentry: eng/appearance__Noun__1
written_rep: appearance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wygląd | aparycja | powierzchowność
sense_list:
The way something looks; personal presence | (legal) An instance of someone coming into a court of law to be part of a trial, either in person or represented by an attorney or such like; a court appearance


lexentry: eng/appellate__Adjective__1
written_rep: appellate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apelacyjny
sense_list:
That can be (legally) appealed to, especially of a court that hears appeals of decisions by a lower court.


lexentry: eng/apperceive__Verb__1
written_rep: apperceive
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apercepcja
sense_list:
(psychology) To be aware of perceiving; to understand a perception by linking it mentally with a mass of existing ideas of the same object.


lexentry: eng/apperception__Noun__1
written_rep: apperception
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apercepcja
sense_list:
(uncountable, psychology, and, philosophy, especially Kantianism) The mind's perception of itself as the subject or actor in its own states, unifying past and present experiences; self-consciousness, perception that reflects upon itself. | (uncountable) Psychological or mental perception; recognition.


lexentry: eng/apperception__Noun__1
written_rep: apperception
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: apercepcja | samoświadomość
sense_list:
(countable, psychology) The general process or a particular act of mental assimilation of new experience into the totality of one's past experience.


lexentry: eng/applause__Noun__1
written_rep: applause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplauz | poklask | oklaski | brawa
sense_list:
The act of applauding; approbation and praise publicly expressed by the clapping of hands, stamping or tapping of the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other means; marked commendation.


lexentry: eng/apple-corer__Noun__1
written_rep: apple-corer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drylownica do jabłek | wydrążacz do jabłek
sense_list:
A tool used to remove the apple core from an apple for use in cooking; some forms of the tool segment the apple at the same time as removing its core.


lexentry: eng/apple__Noun__1
written_rep: apple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: jabłko
sense_list:
(Christianity) The fruit of the tree of knowledge, eaten by Adam and Eve according to modern Christian tradition; the forbidden fruit. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/apple_cider_vinegar__Noun__1
written_rep: apple cider vinegar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ocet jabłkowy
sense_list:
A vinegar, made from cider or apple must along with yeast and bacteria, that has been matured in wooden barrels.


lexentry: eng/apple_core__Noun__1
written_rep: apple core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ogryzek
sense_list:
The central portion of an apple containing the seeds and where the stem attaches (and the opposed end). Particularly the portion that remains after the main part of the fruit has been eaten.


lexentry: eng/apple_mint__Noun__1
written_rep: apple mint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jabłkowa mięta | mięta jabłkowa | mięta wonna
sense_list:
Any herb with aroma or taste reminiscent of apple and mint, used for flavoring, herbal teas, and jellies.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_Sodom__Noun__1
written_rep: apple of Sodom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mleczara wyniosła
sense_list:
The mudar (Calotropis procera), a flowering plant, found from northern Africa to southeast Asia, which bears poisonous fruit.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_discord__Noun__1
written_rep: apple of discord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kość niezgody | jabłko niezgody
sense_list:
An object or topic which sows anger and dissension; something which causes argument, rivalry, or strife.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_someone's_eye__Noun__1
written_rep: apple of someone's eye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oczko w głowie
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A favourite, a particular preference, or a loved one; the object of somebody's affections.


lexentry: eng/apple_turnover__Noun__1
written_rep: apple turnover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jabłecznik
sense_list:
A pastry dessert filled with pieces of sweetened apples, with the pastry folded over to enclose the filling.


lexentry: eng/apples_and_oranges__Noun__1
written_rep: apples and oranges
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dwie różne rzeczy
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A comparison of items that, however categorically similar, is inapt; an incompatible equation, or the items thus compared.


lexentry: eng/applet__Noun__1
written_rep: applet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplet
sense_list:
(computing) A small program module that runs under the control of a larger application, typically a web browser.


lexentry: eng/appliance__Noun__1
written_rep: appliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: urządzenie
sense_list:
A non-manual apparatus or device, powered electrically or by another small motor, used in homes to perform domestic functions (household appliance) and/or in offices.


lexentry: eng/applicate__Noun__1
written_rep: applicate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: współrzędna Z
sense_list:
(mathematics) The z-coordinate (the last of the three terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of Cartesian coordinates for a three-dimensional space)


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
written_rep: application
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplikacja
sense_list:
The act of applying or laying on, in a literal sense | The act of directing or referring something to a particular case, to discover or illustrate agreement or disagreement, fitness, or correspondence. | (bureaucracy, legal) A petition, entreaty, or other request, with the adposition for denoting the subject matter.


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
written_rep: application
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: aplikacja | program komputerowy
sense_list:
(computing) A computer program or the set of software that the end user perceives as a single entity as a tool for a well-defined purpose. (Also called: application program; application software.)


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
written_rep: application
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: aplikacja | wniosek
sense_list:
A verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school, course or similar.


lexentry: eng/applied_linguistics__Noun__1
written_rep: applied linguistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lingwistyka stosowana
sense_list:
(linguistics) The interdisciplinary field of linguistics that identifies, investigates and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems.


lexentry: eng/applied_mathematics__Noun__1
written_rep: applied mathematics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: matematyka stosowana
sense_list:
(mathematics) Mathematics used to solve problems in other sciences such as physics, engineering or electronics, as opposed to pure mathematics.


lexentry: eng/applique__Noun__1
written_rep: applique
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplika | aplikacja
sense_list:
(arts) A decorative design made by cutting pieces of material and applying them to the surface of another for decoration.


lexentry: eng/apply__Verb__1
written_rep: apply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: aplikować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To submit oneself as a candidate (with the adposition "to" designating the recipient of the submission, and the adposition "for" designating the position).


lexentry: eng/appoint__Verb__1
written_rep: appoint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: umawiać | umówić
sense_list:
(transitive, legal) To fix the disposition of (property) by designating someone to take use of (it).


lexentry: eng/appointment__Noun__1
written_rep: appointment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: przeznaczenie | wizyta
sense_list:
(government) The assignment of a person by an official to perform a duty, such as a presidential appointment of a judge to a court.


lexentry: eng/apport__Noun__1
written_rep: apport
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aport
sense_list:
(parapsychology) The supposed paranormal transference of an object from one place to another, or the appearance of an object from an unknown source, often associated with poltergeist activity and séances. | (parapsychology) An object that appears from an unknown source.


lexentry: eng/apportionment__Noun__1
written_rep: apportionment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aport
sense_list:
(US) The distribution of members of the House of Representatives according to the population of the various states.


lexentry: eng/apposition__Noun__1
written_rep: apposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apozycja
sense_list:
(grammar) A construction in which one noun or noun phrase is placed with another as an explanatory equivalent, both of them having the same syntactic function in the sentence. | (biology) The growth of successive layers of a cell wall.


lexentry: eng/appraise__Verb__1
written_rep: appraise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyceniać | wycenić
sense_list:
(transitive) To determine the value or worth of (something), particularly as a person appointed for this purpose.


lexentry: eng/appreciation__Noun__1
written_rep: appreciation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: uznanie
sense_list:
A fair valuation or estimate of merit, worth, weight, etc.; recognition of excellence; gratitude and esteem.


lexentry: eng/apprenticeship__Noun__1
written_rep: apprenticeship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nauczanie
sense_list:
The condition of, or the time served by, an apprentice. | The system by which a person learning a craft or trade is instructed by a master for a set time under set conditions.


lexentry: eng/approach__Noun__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dojazd | podjazd
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) An avenue, passage, or way by which a building or place can be approached; an access.


lexentry: eng/approach__Verb__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podchodzić | nadciągać | nadciągnąć | podejść | zblizać się | zblizyć się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To come or go near, in place or time; to move toward; to advance nearer; to draw nigh. | (ambitransitive, figuratively) Used intransitively, followed by to: to draw near (to someone or something); to make advances; to approximate or become almost equal.


lexentry: eng/approaches__Noun__1
written_rep: approaches
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przybliżenie
sense_list:
Movements to gain favour; advances. | (military) The covered roads, trenches, or other works made by besiegers or soldiers in their advances toward a place such as a fortress or military post.


lexentry: eng/approbation__Noun__1
written_rep: approbation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aprobata
sense_list:
The act of approving; an assenting to the propriety of a thing with some degree of pleasure or satisfaction; approval, sanction, commendation or official recognition.


lexentry: eng/appropriate__Adjective__1
written_rep: appropriate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: stosowny
sense_list:
Suitable to the social situation or to social respect or social discreetness; socially correct; socially discreet; well-mannered; proper.


lexentry: eng/appropriate__Verb__1
written_rep: appropriate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przywłaszczyć sobie
sense_list:
(transitive) To set apart for, or assign to, a particular person or use, especially in exclusion of all others; with to or for.


lexentry: eng/approval__Noun__1
written_rep: approval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zatwierdzenie | zgoda
sense_list:
An expression granting permission; an indication of agreement with a proposal; an acknowledgement that a person, thing, or event meets requirements.


lexentry: eng/approve__Verb__1
written_rep: approve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aprobować | zaaprobować
sense_list:
(transitive, archaic) To make proof of; to demonstrate; to prove or show practically. | (intransitive, followed by "of") To consider worthy (to); to be pleased (with); to accept.


lexentry: eng/approximation__Noun__1
written_rep: approximation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aproksymacja
sense_list:
(linguistics) The act of producing a near-simulation of the pronunciation of a foreign language for a loanword therefrom, or any given pronunciation resulting from that act. | (mathematics) An imprecise solution or result that is adequate for a defined purpose.


lexentry: eng/apraxia__Noun__1
written_rep: apraxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apraksja
sense_list:
(neurology) Total or partial loss of the ability to perform coordinated movements or manipulate objects in the absence of motor or sensory impairment; specifically, a disorder of motor planning.


lexentry: eng/apriorism__Noun__1
written_rep: apriorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aprioryzm
sense_list:
(philosophy) The idea that some knowledge of the physical world can be derived logically from general principles.


lexentry: eng/apse__Noun__1
written_rep: apse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apsyda | absyda
sense_list:
(architecture) A semicircular projection from a building, especially the rounded east end of a church that contains the altar.


lexentry: eng/apsis__Noun__1
written_rep: apsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apsyda | absyda
sense_list:
(architecture) A recess or projection, with a dome or vault, at the east end of a church; an apse. | (astronomy) Either of the points in the elliptical orbit of a planet, comet, or moon where it is closest or furthest from the body it orbits; examples are perihelion, aphelion, perigee, and apogee


lexentry: eng/aqua_regia__Noun__1
written_rep: aqua regia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: woda królewska
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry, archaic) A mixture of three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid to one part concentrated nitric acid, named for its ability to dissolve gold.


lexentry: eng/aquafaba__Noun__1
written_rep: aquafaba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwafaba | aquafaba
sense_list:
(cooking, neologism) The liquid left over from boiling chickpeas or similar beans, or from a can of chickpeas.


lexentry: eng/aqualung__Noun__1
written_rep: aqualung
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwalung
sense_list:
(underwater diving) A piece of equipment consisting of an oxygen tank and breathing apparatus used by divers to allow them to breathe underwater.


lexentry: eng/aquamanile__Noun__1
written_rep: aquamanile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwamanila
sense_list:
(historical) A ewer or jug-like vessel, shaped like an animal or human figure, used for washing the hands.


lexentry: eng/aquamarine__Noun__1
written_rep: aquamarine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwamaryn | akwamaryna
sense_list:
The bluish-green colour of the sea. | A transparent bluish-green, sometimes yellow-green, variety of beryl.


lexentry: eng/aquaplane__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaplane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwaplan
sense_list:
(originally, US, water sports) A board on which a person stands to ride for leisure which is pulled on a water surface by a motorboat.


lexentry: eng/aquaplaning__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaplaning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwaplanacja
sense_list:
(automotive, UK) The loss of contact with the road because of surface water. The act of aquaplaning.


lexentry: eng/aquaponics__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaponics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwaponika
sense_list:
(agriculture) A sustainable food production system that combines traditional aquaculture with hydroponics, with effluent from the water in which fish are reared being used as nutrition for plants.


lexentry: eng/aquaporin__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaporin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwaporyny
sense_list:
(protein) Any of a class of proteins that form water-permeable pores in the membrane of biological cells.


lexentry: eng/aquarium__Noun__1
written_rep: aquarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwarium
sense_list:
A tank, often made of glass, for keeping live fish or other aquatic animals. | A public place where live fish and other aquatic animals are exhibited.


lexentry: eng/aquatint__Noun__1
written_rep: aquatint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwatinta | akwatynta
sense_list:
A form of etching with acid on a plate partially covered with varnish that produces a print somewhat resembling a watercolour. | An etching or print made using this method.


lexentry: eng/aqueduct__Noun__1
written_rep: aqueduct
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwedukt | wodociąg
sense_list:
An artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another. | A structure carrying water over a river or depression, especially in regards to ancient aqueducts.


lexentry: eng/arabesque__Noun__1
written_rep: arabesque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arabeska
sense_list:
(art, architecture, also, attributively) An elaborate design of intertwined floral figures or complex geometrical patterns, mainly used in Islamic art and architecture. | (music) An ornate composition, especially for the piano.


lexentry: eng/arable__Adjective__1
written_rep: arable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orny
sense_list:
(agriculture, of land) Able to be plowed or tilled, capable of growing crops (traditionally contrasted with pasturable lands such as heaths). | (agriculture, NGO, _, jargon, of land) Under cultivation (within any quinquennial period) for the production of crops sown and harvested within the same agricultural year (contrasted with permanently-cropped lands such as orchards).


lexentry: eng/arachidonic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: arachidonic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas arachidonowy
sense_list:
(fatty acid) A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, having 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds, found in animal fats; it is essential for human nutrition, being a precursor to the production of prostaglandins.


lexentry: eng/arachnoid_mater__Noun__1
written_rep: arachnoid mater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opona pajęcza
sense_list:
(anatomy) The middle layer of the meninges; a membrane that protects the brain and spinal cord below the dura mater and above the subarachnoid space and the pia mater.


lexentry: eng/aragonite__Noun__1
written_rep: aragonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aragonit
sense_list:
(mineral) An evaporite consisting of anhydrous calcium carbonate with the chemical formula CaCO3 and occurring in pearls, shells and nacre; it is dimorphous with calcite.


lexentry: eng/arak__Noun__1
written_rep: arak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arak
sense_list:
A clear, unsweetened aniseed-flavoured alcoholic drink, produced and consumed primarily in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/arbitrage__Noun__1
written_rep: arbitrage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arbitraż | rozjemstwo
sense_list:
(finance) A market activity in which a security, commodity, currency or other tradable item is bought in one market and sold simultaneously in another, in order to profit from price differences between the markets.


lexentry: eng/arbitrary__Adjective__1
written_rep: arbitrary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arbitralny | dowolny | umowny
sense_list:
(usually, of a decision) Based on individual discretion or judgment; not based on any objective distinction, perhaps even made at random.


lexentry: eng/arbitration__Noun__1
written_rep: arbitration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arbitraż
sense_list:
The act or process of arbitrating. | A process through which two or more parties use an arbitrator or arbiter in order to resolve a dispute.


lexentry: eng/arbor__Noun__1
written_rep: arbor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altana
sense_list:
A shady sitting place or pergola usually in a park or garden, surrounded by climbing shrubs, vines or other vegetation.


lexentry: eng/arborio_rice__Noun__1
written_rep: arborio rice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arborio
sense_list:
A northern Italian variety of short-grained starchy rice with a white dot at the center of each grain, commonly used in risotto.


lexentry: eng/arc__Noun__1
written_rep: arc
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: łuk
sense_list:
(geometry) A continuous part of the circumference of a circle (circular arc) or of another curve. [from 16th c.] | A curve, in general. [from 17th c.] | (electrics) A flow of current across an insulating medium; especially a hot, luminous discharge between either two electrodes or as lightning. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/arch__Noun__1
written_rep: arch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łuk
sense_list:
An inverted U shape. | An arch-shaped arrangement of trapezoidal stones, designed to redistribute downward force outward. | (architecture) An architectural element having the shape of an arch


lexentry: eng/archaeophyte__Noun__1
written_rep: archaeophyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archeofit
sense_list:
(botany) A plant which was introduced to an area by humans (or arrived naturally, but from an area in which it was present as a human introduction) and became naturalized before 1500 C.E. (but especially in prehistoric times).


lexentry: eng/archaic__Adjective__1
written_rep: archaic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archaiczny
sense_list:
Of or characterized by antiquity; old-fashioned, quaint, antiquated. | (archaeology) Belonging to the archaic period.


lexentry: eng/archangel__Noun__1
written_rep: archangel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archanioł
sense_list:
A powerful angel that leads many other angels, but is still loyal to a deity, and often seen as belonging to a particular archangelical rank or order within a greater hierarchy of angels. (Judeo-Christian examples: Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, Uriel).


lexentry: eng/archbishop__Noun__1
written_rep: archbishop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arcybiskup
sense_list:
A senior bishop who is in charge of an archdiocese, and presides over a group of dioceses called a province (in Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, etc.)


lexentry: eng/archconfraternity__Noun__1
written_rep: archconfraternity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archikonfraternia | arcybractwo
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A religious confraternity that, as a special concession of the Holy See, can join or affiliate with, and extend privileges to, other similar brotherhoods.


lexentry: eng/archdeacon__Noun__1
written_rep: archdeacon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archidiakon
sense_list:
(Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy) A senior administrative official in a diocese, just under the bishop, often in charge of an archdeaconry. As a title, it can be filled by either a deacon or priest.


lexentry: eng/archdiocese__Noun__1
written_rep: archdiocese
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archidiecezja | arcybiskupstwo | metropolia
sense_list:
(Christianity) An area administered by an archbishop; the ecclesiastical hierarchy of this area, also under the archbishop.


lexentry: eng/archduchess__Noun__1
written_rep: archduchess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arcyksiężna | arcyksiężniczka
sense_list:
A daughter or granddaughter of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, or the wife of a son or grandson of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary


lexentry: eng/archegonium__Noun__1
written_rep: archegonium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rodnia
sense_list:
(botany) A multicellular reproductive structure that contains a large, non-motile gamete (egg cell), and within which an embryo will develop.


lexentry: eng/archeopteryx__Noun__1
written_rep: archeopteryx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archeopteryks
sense_list:
A specimen of the species Archaeopteryx lithographica, being the earliest and most primitive known bird, representing a transition in the evolution of dinosaurs to birds.


lexentry: eng/archetype__Noun__1
written_rep: archetype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archetyp
sense_list:
An original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned; a prototype. [from mid 16th c.] | (literature) A character, object, or story that is based on a known character, object, or story. | (psychology) According to Swiss psychologist Carl Jung: a universal pattern of thought, present in an individual's unconscious, inherited from the past collective experience of humanity.


lexentry: eng/archimandrite__Noun__1
written_rep: archimandrite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archimandryta
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodoxy) The superior of a large monastery, or group of monasteries, in the Orthodox Church. | (Eastern Orthodoxy, rarely, Catholicism) An honorary title sometimes given to a monastic priest.


lexentry: eng/architect__Noun__1
written_rep: architect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: architekt | architektka
sense_list:
A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction. | A person who plans, devises or contrives the achievement of a desired result.


lexentry: eng/architecture__Noun__1
written_rep: architecture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: architektura
sense_list:
The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated. | (computing) A specific model of a microchip or CPU.


lexentry: eng/archive__Noun__1
written_rep: archive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiwum
sense_list:
A place for storing earlier, and often historical, material. An archive usually contains documents (letters, records, newspapers, etc.) or other types of media kept for historical interest.


lexentry: eng/archivist__Noun__1
written_rep: archivist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiwista | archiwistka | archiwariusz | archiwariuszka
sense_list:
One who is in charge of, or performs the task of creating, collecting, cataloguing, organising, and archives.


lexentry: eng/archosaur__Noun__1
written_rep: archosaur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archozaur
sense_list:
A reptile of the taxon Archosauria, which includes modern crocodilians and birds, as well as the extinct pterosaurs, non-avian dinosaurs and other taxa.


lexentry: eng/archpriest__Noun__1
written_rep: archpriest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiprezbiter
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodox Church) The highest rank given to a married priest. | (Roman Catholic Church) An honorific title applied to a priest who has a specific function.


lexentry: eng/arcology__Noun__1
written_rep: arcology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arkologia
sense_list:
(urban studies, uncountable) Urban development theory proposed by Paolo Soleri involving three-dimensional building methods and efficient use of space and resources.


lexentry: eng/arctic_fox__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic fox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piesiec | lis polarny | piesak
sense_list:
Vulpes lagopus, a fox of the family Canidae, living in the Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/arctic_hare__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic hare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zając polarny
sense_list:
A North-American hare of species Lepus arcticus, that is white, usually year round, found in the Arctic.


lexentry: eng/arctic_raspberry__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic raspberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jeżyna
sense_list:
A species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family and bearing a dark red, sweet fruit; Rubus arcticus, native to arctic, subarctic, and alpine regions.


lexentry: eng/arcus__Noun__1
written_rep: arcus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: smyczek
sense_list:
(medicine) A white band of cholesterol that forms at the edge of the cornea | (entomology) An elastic band around the base of the arolium, a pad at the end of the leg of certain insects


lexentry: eng/are__Noun__1
written_rep: are
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ar
sense_list:
(rare) An accepted (but deprecated and rarely used) metric unit of area equal to 100 square metres, or a former unit of approximately the same extent. Symbol: a.


lexentry: eng/are_you_doing_anything_tomorrow__Phrase__1
written_rep: are you doing anything tomorrow
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: co pan robi jutro? | co pani robi jutro? | co robisz jutro?
sense_list:
Asks if someone is busy tomorrow, possibly to invite them to do something if they are available. ("Tomorrow" can be replaced by other dates, such as "are you doing anything on the weekend", etc.)


lexentry: eng/are_you_religious__Phrase__1
written_rep: are you religious
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
sense_list: A request for information about the listener's (or listeners') religious beliefs.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
jest pan religijny? | jest pan wierzący? | jest pani religijna? | jest pani wierząca? | jesteś religijna? | jesteś religijny?


lexentry: eng/are_you_taking_any_medications__Phrase__1
written_rep: are you taking any medications
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czy bierze pan jakieś leki? | czy bierze pani jakieś leki? | czy bierzesz jakieś leki?
sense_list:
Asked mostly by doctors and nurses to ascertain whether certain drugs should not be given to patients, as they may interact adversely with other medications.


lexentry: eng/are_your_ears_burning__Phrase__1
written_rep: are your ears burning
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: o wilku mowa
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial, rhetorical question) Asked of somebody who was not present but was the topic of discussion.


lexentry: eng/area__Noun__1
written_rep: area
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: areał | rola
sense_list:
(British) An open space, below ground level, giving access to the basement of a house, and typically separated from the pavement by railings. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/area_code__Noun__1
written_rep: area code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oznajmujący
sense_list:
(US, Australia, Philippines) A prefix appended to a telephone number indicating the geographical area.


lexentry: eng/areca__Noun__1
written_rep: areca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: areka
sense_list:
Any member of the genus Areca of about fifty species of single-stemmed palms in the family Arecaceae, found in humid tropical forests.


lexentry: eng/arena__Noun__1
written_rep: arena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arena
sense_list:
An enclosed area, often outdoor, for the presentation of sporting events (sports arena) or other spectacular events; earthen area, often oval, specifically for rodeos (North America) or circular area for bullfights (especially Hispanic America). | The building housing such an area; specifically, a very large, often round building, often topped with a dome, designated for indoor sporting or other major events, such as concerts. | (historical) The sand-covered centre of an amphitheatre where contests were held in Ancient Rome. | A realm in which events take place; an area of interest, study, behaviour, etc.


lexentry: eng/areng__Noun__1
written_rep: areng
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arenga
sense_list:
A palm tree (Arenga pinnata, syn. Saguerus saccharifer) which yields sago, wine, and fibres for ropes.


lexentry: eng/areography__Noun__1
written_rep: areography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: areografia
sense_list:
(astronomy, geography) The scientific study of the planet Mars' geographical features; geography of Mars.


lexentry: eng/aretalogy__Noun__1
written_rep: aretalogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aretalogia
sense_list:
A form of sacred biography in which a deity's attributes are listed, in the form of poem or text, in the first person.


lexentry: eng/arginine__Noun__1
written_rep: arginine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arginina
sense_list:
An amino acid found in animal foods that plays an important role in several physiological processes.


lexentry: eng/argon__Noun__1
written_rep: argon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argon
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Ar) with an atomic number of 18. The third most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, it is a colourless, odourless, inert noble gas.


lexentry: eng/argonaut__Noun__1
written_rep: argonaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argonauta | żeglarek
sense_list:
Any of several species of shelled octopods of the family Argonautidae (of which only the genus Argonauta is not extinct).


lexentry: eng/argot__Noun__1
written_rep: argot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argot
sense_list:
A secret language or conventional slang peculiar to thieves, tramps and vagabonds. | The specialized informal vocabulary and terminology used between people with special skill in a field, such as between doctors, mathematicians or hackers.


lexentry: eng/arguably__Adverb__1
written_rep: arguably
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapewne
sense_list:
As can be supported or proven by sound logical deduction, evidence, and precedent, but without absolute certainty.


lexentry: eng/aria__Noun__1
written_rep: aria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aria
sense_list:
(music) A musical piece written typically for a solo voice with orchestral accompaniment in an opera or cantata.


lexentry: eng/arise__Verb__1
written_rep: arise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pojawiać
sense_list:
To spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part; to present itself.


lexentry: eng/aristocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arystokracja
sense_list:
The nobility, or the hereditary ruling class. | Government by such a class, or a state with such a government | A class of people considered (not normally universally) superior to others


lexentry: eng/aristocrat__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocrat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arystokrata | arystokratka | szlachcianka | szlachcic
sense_list:
One of the aristocracy, nobility, or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble (originally in Revolutionary France).


lexentry: eng/aristocratic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aristocratic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arystokratyczny
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or favouring, an aristocracy | Similar to the aristocracy; characteristic of, the aristocracy.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arytmetyka
sense_list:
The mathematics of numbers (integers, rational numbers, real numbers, or complex numbers) under the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_mean__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic mean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: średnia arytmetyczna
sense_list:
(statistics, probability) The measure of central tendency of a set of values computed by dividing the sum of the values by their number.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_progression__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic progression
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciąg arytmetyczny | postęp arytmetyczny
sense_list:
(analysis) A sequence in which each term except the first is obtained from the previous by adding a constant value, known as the common difference of the arithmetic progression.


lexentry: eng/ark__Noun__1
written_rep: ark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: arka
sense_list:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Noah's ark: the ship built by Noah to save his family and a collection of animals from the deluge. | (Judaism) A decorated cabinet at the front of a synagogue, in which Torah scrolls are kept.


lexentry: eng/arkose__Noun__1
written_rep: arkose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arkoza
sense_list:
(geology) A sedimentary rock consisting of small fragments of feldspar and quartz similar to a coarse sand.


lexentry: eng/arm__Noun__1
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ramię | ręka
sense_list:
The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand. | A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the arm of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses.


lexentry: eng/arm__Verb__2
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uzbrajać | uzbroić | zbroić
sense_list:
(transitive) To supply with armour or (later especially) weapons. | (transitive, figurative) To supply with the equipment, knowledge, authority, or other tools needed for a particular task; to furnish with capability; to equip.


lexentry: eng/arm_wrestling__Noun__1
written_rep: arm wrestling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siłowanie na rękę | siłowanie się | siłowanie się na rękę
sense_list:
A strength sport with two participants, in which each participant grips the other's hand and tries to pin the other's arm onto a surface.


lexentry: eng/armadillo__Noun__1
written_rep: armadillo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pancernik
sense_list:
Any of the burrowing mammals covered with bony, jointed, protective plates, order Cingulata, found in the Americas, especially in South America.


lexentry: eng/armed_forces__Noun__1
written_rep: armed forces
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siły zbrojne | armia | wojsko
sense_list:
The military forces of a nation, such as the army, navy, air force, marines, and sometimes, coastguard or border guard, which are tasked with the defence of the nation and its citizens, if necessary through use of deadly force.


lexentry: eng/armillary_sphere__Noun__1
written_rep: armillary sphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sfera armilarna
sense_list:
An instrument consisting of graduated metal circles used to represent the motions of celestial bodies around the earth.


lexentry: eng/arming__Noun__1
written_rep: arming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zbrojenie
sense_list:
The act of supplying (oneself or others) with armor and (now especially) arms and ammunition in preparation for a conflict; the act of providing with the means of defense and attack.


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
written_rep: armor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zbroja | pancerz
sense_list:
(uncountable) A protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damaging forces.


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
written_rep: armor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: wojska pancerne
sense_list:
(military, uncountable) A military formation consisting primarily of tanks or other armoured fighting vehicles, collectively.


lexentry: eng/armoured_fighting_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: armoured fighting vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opancerzony pojazd bojowy
sense_list:
(military) An armed and armoured military vehicle which runs on wheels or caterpillar track, used by fighting troops.


lexentry: eng/armoured_truck__Noun__1
written_rep: armoured truck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bankowóz
sense_list:
A truck used to transfer valuables between locations, which possesses armour against light firearms.


lexentry: eng/arms__Noun__1
written_rep: arms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: herb
sense_list:
(heraldry) A visual design composed according to heraldic rules, consisting of a coat of arms normally displayed upon an escutcheon, sometimes accompanied by other elements of an achievement


lexentry: eng/arms_race__Noun__1
written_rep: arms race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyścig zbrojeń
sense_list:
A competition for military supremacy between two powers, especially for the most weapons and the best military technology.


lexentry: eng/army__Noun__1
written_rep: army
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: armia | wojsko
sense_list:
A large, highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground (rather than air or naval) operations. | The governmental agency in charge of a state's army. | (figuratively) A large group of people working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) A large group of social animals working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) Any multitude.


lexentry: eng/arnica__Noun__1
written_rep: arnica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arnika | kupalnik
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Arnica, considered to have medicinal properties, especially Arnica montana.


lexentry: eng/aromatherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: aromatherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aromaterapia
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) The use of selected fragrances in lotions and inhalants in an effort to affect mood and promote health.


lexentry: eng/aromatization__Noun__1
written_rep: aromatization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aromatyzacja
sense_list:
(petrochemistry) The conversion of aliphatic components of petroleum into aromatic compounds as part of the refining process.


lexentry: eng/arpeggio__Noun__1
written_rep: arpeggio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arpeggio
sense_list:
(music) The notes of a chord played individually instead of simultaneously, usually moving from lowest to highest.


lexentry: eng/arraignment__Noun__1
written_rep: arraignment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oskarżenie
sense_list:
(legal) The formal charging of a defendant with an offense; in many jurisdictions it includes their response in the form of a plea, typically as guilty, not guilty, or no contest.


lexentry: eng/arrange__Verb__1
written_rep: arrange
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aranżować | zaaranżować
sense_list:
(music, transitive, intransitive) To prepare and adapt an already-written composition for presentation in other than its original form.


lexentry: eng/arranged_marriage__Noun__1
written_rep: arranged marriage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: małżeństwo aranżowane
sense_list:
The marriage (union) of two people planned by someone other than the two people who are united in it.


lexentry: eng/arrangement__Noun__1
written_rep: arrangement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: układ
sense_list:
The manner of being arranged. | A collection of things that have been arranged. | A particular way in which items are organized.


lexentry: eng/array__Noun__1
written_rep: array
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: tablica
sense_list:
(programming) Any of various data structures designed to hold multiple elements of the same type; especially, a data structure that holds these elements in adjacent memory locations so that they may be retrieved using numeric indices.


lexentry: eng/arrest__Noun__1
written_rep: arrest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: areszt
sense_list:
A check, stop, an act or instance of arresting something. | A confinement, detention, as after an arrest.


lexentry: eng/arrest__Verb__1
written_rep: arrest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: aresztować
sense_list:
(transitive) To seize (someone) with the authority of the law; to take into legal custody. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/arrest_warrant__Noun__1
written_rep: arrest warrant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: list gończy | nakaz aresztowania
sense_list:
(legal) An official document that authorizes law-enforcement officials to arrest a named person and to bring that individual before a court of law or other authority.


lexentry: eng/arris__Noun__1
written_rep: arris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krawędź
sense_list:
A sharp edge or ridge formed by the intersection of two surfaces | (architecture) A sharp edge or ridge formed by the intersection of two curved surfaces | (archaeology) A ridge formed on the surface of flaked stone, such as a arrowhead or hand axe, as the result of the intersection of two or more flake removals.


lexentry: eng/arrival__Noun__1
written_rep: arrival
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyjazd | przybycie | przyjście | przylot
sense_list:
The act of arriving (reaching a certain place). | The fact of beginning to occur; the initial phase of something.


lexentry: eng/arrière-garde__Noun__1
written_rep: arrière-garde
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ariergarda
sense_list:
(obsolete) The rearguard of an army or other force. | Any group of people who favour older, traditional approaches over the modern or avant-garde.


lexentry: eng/arroba__Noun__1
written_rep: arroba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: małpa
sense_list:
(historical) A traditional Spanish unit of mass, varying by time, location, and substance but generally around 11.5 kilograms.


lexentry: eng/arrogance__Noun__1
written_rep: arrogance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arogancja
sense_list:
The state of being arrogant; a type of extreme or foolish pride in which someone feels much superior to another.


lexentry: eng/arrow__Noun__1
written_rep: arrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strzała | szyp | strzałka
sense_list:
A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.


lexentry: eng/arrow__Noun__1
written_rep: arrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: strzałka | strzała
sense_list:
A sign or symbol used to indicate a direction (e.g. →). | (computing) The -> symbol, which has specific meanings in various programming languages.


lexentry: eng/arrowroot__Noun__1
written_rep: arrowroot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: maranta trzcinowa
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) Maranta arundinacea from the Marantaceae family, a large perennial herb native to the Caribbean area with green leaves about 15 centimeters long. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/arrowroot__Noun__1
written_rep: arrowroot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mąka ararutowa
sense_list:
(uncountable) A starchy substance obtained from the rhizomes of an arrowroot plant used as a thickener.


lexentry: eng/arrowword__Noun__1
written_rep: arrowword
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krzyżówka z strzałkami
sense_list:
A kind of crossword puzzle with the clues written in the grid, accompanied by arrows that indicate the position and direction of the answers.


lexentry: eng/arroyo__Noun__1
written_rep: arroyo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: potok
sense_list:
A dry creek or streambed, a gulch which temporarily or seasonally fills and flows (after sufficient rain). | Any watercourse; any rivulet (whether it flows year-round or only seasonally).


lexentry: eng/arsehole__Noun__1
written_rep: arsehole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dupek
sense_list:
(mildly vulgar, offensive) An inconsiderate or mean-spirited person. Less vulgar and intense than fucker or cunt.


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arsenał | cekhauz | zbrojownia
sense_list:
A military establishment for the storing, development, manufacturing, testing, or repairing of arms, ammunition, and other war materiel; an armoury.


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: arsenał
sense_list:
A stock of weapons, especially all the weapons that a nation possesses. | A store or supply of anything.


lexentry: eng/arsenic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas arsenowy
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A poisonous, white crystalline compound, H3AsO4, formed from arsenic pentoxide and water; it has the same structure as phosphoric acid, and is used in the manufacture of arsenates.


lexentry: eng/arsenic_trioxide__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenic trioxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arszenik
sense_list:
(chemistry) An industrially important and highly toxic oxide of arsenic that occurs as the mineral claudetite; formula As2O3 (though in liquid, gaseous and some solid forms it has molecules of the form As4O6).


lexentry: eng/arsenite__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arsenin
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any oxyanion of trivalent arsenic, especially the AsO33− anion (or protonated derivatives); any salt containing this anion, or any ester of arsenious acid


lexentry: eng/arsine__Noun__1
written_rep: arsine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arseniak | arsenowodór
sense_list:
(inorganic compound, uncountable) A compound of arsenic and hydrogen, AsH3, a colorless and exceedingly poisonous gas, having an odor like garlic.


lexentry: eng/arsis__Noun__1
written_rep: arsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: spalone
sense_list:
(poetry) The stronger part of a metrical foot: the part containing the long (heavy) syllable in quantitative meter, or the stressed syllable in a qualitative meter. | (music) The elevation of the hand, or that part of the bar at which it is raised, in beating time; the weak or unaccented part of the bar, opposed to the thesis.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
written_rep: art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztuka | umiejętność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colours, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the senses and emotions, usually specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium. | (countable) Skillful creative activity, usually with an aesthetic focus. | (uncountable, dated) Contrivance, scheming, manipulation.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
written_rep: art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: sztuka
sense_list:
(uncountable) The study and the product of these processes. | (uncountable) Aesthetic value. | (countable) A field or category of art, such as painting, sculpture, music, ballet, or literature. | (countable) A nonscientific branch of learning; one of the liberal arts. | (countable) Skill that is attained by study, practice, or observation.


lexentry: eng/art_director__Noun__1
written_rep: art director
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dyrektor artystyczny | dyrektorka artystyczna
sense_list:
A person who supervises and unifies the vision of an artistic production, including its visual appearance and psychological appeal to a target audience.


lexentry: eng/artemisia__Noun__1
written_rep: artemisia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bylica
sense_list:
Any of many aromatic flowering plants of the genus Artemisia, including wormwood, sagebrush, and tarragon, often used as traditional medicine, oral contraceptive and flavouring.


lexentry: eng/artery__Noun__1
written_rep: artery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tętnica | arteria
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery.


lexentry: eng/arthritis__Noun__1
written_rep: arthritis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapalenie stawów | artretyzm
sense_list:
Inflammation of a joint or joints causing pain and/or disability, swelling and stiffness, and due to various causes such as infection, trauma, degenerative changes or metabolic disorders.


lexentry: eng/arthropod__Noun__1
written_rep: arthropod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stawonóg
sense_list:
An invertebrate animal of the phylum Arthropoda, characterized by a chitinous exoskeleton and multiple jointed appendages.


lexentry: eng/artichoke__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karczoch
sense_list:
A plant related to the thistle with enlarged flower heads eaten as a vegetable while immature, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus.


lexentry: eng/artichoke_heart__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke heart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karczoch
sense_list:
The edible base of an artichoke, prepared by removing the outer leaves and the inedible choke covering it.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: artykuł | rodzajnik
sense_list:
A piece of nonfiction writing such as a story, report, opinion piece, or entry in a newspaper, magazine, journal, encyclopedia, etc.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rodzajnik | przedimek | artykuł
sense_list:
(grammar) A part of speech that indicates, specifies and limits a noun (a, an, or the in English). In some languages the article may appear as an ending (e.g. definite article in Swedish) or there may be none (e.g. Russian, Pashto).


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: artykuł | paragraf | rodzajnik
sense_list:
A section of a legal document, bylaws, etc. or, in the plural, the entire document seen as a collection of these.


lexentry: eng/articulate__Verb__1
written_rep: articulate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: artykułować | wyartykułować
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To speak clearly; to enunciate. | (music, transitive) to attack a note, as by tonguing, slurring, bowing, etc.


lexentry: eng/articulated_bus__Noun__1
written_rep: articulated bus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autobus przegubowy | przegubowiec
sense_list:
A bus fitted with a joint, which is covered by an accordion-shaped weatherproofing, to increase its manoeuvrability.


lexentry: eng/articulation__Noun__1
written_rep: articulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: artykulacja
sense_list:
(countable, or, uncountable) A joint or the collection of joints at which something is articulated, or hinged, for bending. | (uncountable) The quality, clarity or sharpness of speech. | (music, uncountable) The manner in which something is articulated (tongued, slurred or bowed). | (accounting) The interrelation and congruence of the flow of data between financial statements of an entity, especially between the income statement and balance sheet.


lexentry: eng/artifact__Noun__1
written_rep: artifact
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: artefakt
sense_list:
A finding or structure in an experiment or investigation that is not a true feature of the object under observation, but is a result of external action, the test arrangement, or an experimental error. | (archaeology) An object, such as a tool, ornament, or weapon of archaeological or historical interest, especially such an object found at an archaeological excavation. | (computing) A perceptible distortion that appears in an audio or video file or a digital image as a result of applying a lossy compression or other inexact processing algorithm. | (software engineering) Ellipsis of build artifact.


lexentry: eng/artificial__Adjective__1
written_rep: artificial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: sztuczny
sense_list:
Not natural or normal: imposed arbitrarily or without regard to the specifics or normal circumstances of a person, a situation, etc. | (bridge) Conveying some meaning other than the actual contents of one's hand.


lexentry: eng/artificial_insemination__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial insemination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztuczna inseminacja
sense_list:
(biology, medicine) The introduction of semen into the uterus or cervix of a female by a means other than copulation.


lexentry: eng/artificial_intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztuczna inteligencja
sense_list:
(computer science) The branch of computer science dealing with the reproduction or mimicking of human-level intelligence, self-awareness, knowledge, conscience, thought in computer programs. | Intelligence exhibited by an artificial (non-natural, man-made) entity. | The essential quality of a machine which thinks in a manner similar to or on the same general level as a real human being.


lexentry: eng/artificial_selection__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial selection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dobór sztuczny
sense_list:
(evolutionary theory) Intervention by humans in the breeding of plants or animals in order to preserve selected genetic traits.


lexentry: eng/artillery__Noun__1
written_rep: artillery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: artyleria
sense_list:
An army unit that uses such weapons, or a military formation using projectile weapons, such as archers.


lexentry: eng/artiodactyl__Noun__1
written_rep: artiodactyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parzystokopytne
sense_list:
(zoology) Any ungulate mammal with an even number of toes and belonging to the Artiodactyla, including pigs, sheep, deer, cattle, and most grazing animals. In contrast, horses have an odd number of toes and as such are not Artiodactyla, but Perissodactyla. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/arugula__Noun__1
written_rep: arugula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rukola
sense_list:
One of three yellowish-flowered Mediterranean herbs of the mustard family with flavoured leaves, often eaten in salads. Has a distinct, peppery flavor:


lexentry: eng/aryl__Noun__1
written_rep: aryl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aryl
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any univalent organic radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon by removing a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: jak
sense_list:
(dated) Introducing a comparison with a hypothetical state (+ subjunctive, or with the verb elided): as though, as if. [to 19th century]


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: jako
sense_list:
(law) used before a preposition to clarify that the prepositional phrase restricts the meaning of the sentence; specifically.


lexentry: eng/as__Noun__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: jako | jak | tak | bo | ponieważ | gdy
sense_list:
(numismatics) Any of several coins of Rome, coined in bronze or later copper; or the equivalent value.


lexentry: eng/as_above,_so_below__Phrase__1
written_rep: as above, so below
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: co jest wyżej, jest jak to, co jest niżej
sense_list:
(occultism) What happens on a higher level of reality also happens on lower levels; the microcosm and macrocosm behave alike.


lexentry: eng/as_far_as_one_knows__Adverb__1
written_rep: as far as one knows
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: o ile mi wiadomo | z tego co wiem
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To the best of one's knowledge, as far as someone knows about the topic, subject, aspect, or situation.


