# translation

lexentry: eng/impedance__Noun__1
written_rep: impedance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: impedancja
sense_list:
(physics) A measure of the opposition to the flow of an alternating current in a circuit; the aggregation of its resistance, and inductive and capacitive reactances; the ratio of voltage to current treated as complex quantities.


lexentry: eng/imperative_mood__Noun__1
written_rep: imperative mood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tryb rozkazujący | imperativus | imperatiwus | rozkaźnik
sense_list:
(grammar) The grammatical mood generally expressing a command, though also used to express a request or permission.


lexentry: eng/imperfection__Noun__1
written_rep: imperfection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niedoskonałość
sense_list:
(uncountable) Those qualities or features that are imperfect; the characteristic, state, or quality of being imperfect. | (countable) Something that makes something else less than perfect; a blemish, impurity, error, etc.


lexentry: eng/imperfective_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: imperfective aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aspekt niedokonany
sense_list:
(grammar) A feature of a verb which denotes that its action or condition does not have a fixed temporal boundary, but is habitual, unfinished, continuous, repetitive or in progress.


lexentry: eng/imperialism__Noun__1
written_rep: imperialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: imperializm
sense_list:
The policy of forcefully extending a nation's authority by territorial gain or by the establishment of economic and political dominance over other nations.


lexentry: eng/impersonal__Adjective__1
written_rep: impersonal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezosobowy
sense_list:
Not personal; not representing a person; not having personality. | (grammar, of a verb or other word) Not having a subject, or having a third person pronoun without an antecedent.


lexentry: eng/impersonate__Verb__1
written_rep: impersonate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: naśladować
sense_list:
(transitive) To pretend to be (a different person); to assume the identity of, especially when there is an intent to deceive.


lexentry: eng/imperturbable__Adjective__1
written_rep: imperturbable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niewzruszony
sense_list:
Not capable of being, or not easily, perturbed, excited, or upset; calm and collected, even under pressure.


lexentry: eng/impetigo__Noun__1
written_rep: impetigo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liszajec
sense_list:
(pathology) A contagious bacterial skin disease forming pustules and yellow crusty sores, chiefly on the face and hands. It is common in children and infection is often through cuts or insect bites.


lexentry: eng/impetus__Noun__1
written_rep: impetus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: napęd
sense_list:
Anything that impels; a stimulating factor. | The force or energy associated with a moving body; a stimulus.


lexentry: eng/implant__Noun__1
written_rep: implant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: implant | wszczep
sense_list:
(medicine) Anything surgically implanted in the body, such as a tissue graft or prosthesis, particularly breast implants.


lexentry: eng/implementation__Noun__1
written_rep: implementation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: implementacja
sense_list:
The process of moving an idea from concept to reality. In business, engineering and other fields, implementation refers to the building process rather than the design process. | (electronics) A result of implementing something; a finished product, system or device.


lexentry: eng/implication__Noun__1
written_rep: implication
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ślad
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) An implying, or that which is implied, but not expressed; an inference, or something which may fairly be understood, though not expressed in words.


lexentry: eng/implore__Verb__1
written_rep: implore
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: błagać
sense_list:
To beg or plead for (something) earnestly or urgently; to beseech. | To beg or plead that (someone) earnestly or urgently do something; to beseech, to entreat.


lexentry: eng/imply__Verb__1
written_rep: imply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sugerować | pociągać (za sobą)
sense_list:
(transitive, of a proposition) to have as a necessary consequence; to lead to (something) as a consequence


lexentry: eng/import__Noun__1
written_rep: import
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: import
sense_list:
(countable) Something brought in from an exterior source, especially for sale or trade. | (countable, Philippines) A foreigner playing in a sports league.


lexentry: eng/impose__Verb__1
written_rep: impose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nałożyć
sense_list:
To place or put (something chiefly immaterial, especially something regarded as burdensome as a duty, an encumbrance, a penalty, etc.) on another thing or on someone; to inflict, to repose; also, to place or put (on someone a chiefly immaterial thing, especially something regarded as burdensome). | To encroach or intrude, especially in a manner regarded as unfair or unwarranted; to presume, to take advantage of; also, to be a burden or inconvenience.


lexentry: eng/imposition__Noun__1
written_rep: imposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: nakładanie rąk
sense_list:
(religion) A practice of laying hands on a person in a religious ceremony; used e.g. in confirmation and ordination.


lexentry: eng/impossible__Adjective__1
written_rep: impossible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niemożliwy
sense_list:
Not possible; not able to be done or happen. | (colloquial, of a person) Very difficult to deal with.


lexentry: eng/impostor_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: impostor syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: syndrom oszusta
sense_list:
(psychology) A psychological phenomenon in which a person is unable to internalize their accomplishments, remaining convinced that they do not deserve any accompanying success.


lexentry: eng/impotent__Adjective__1
written_rep: impotent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: cierpiący na impotencję
sense_list:
Incapable of sexual intercourse, often because of an inability to achieve or sustain an erection, having impotentia coeundi


lexentry: eng/impoverish__Verb__1
written_rep: impoverish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zubażać | zubożyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To make poor. | (transitive) To weaken in quality; to deprive of some strength or richness.


lexentry: eng/imprecation__Noun__1
written_rep: imprecation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pomstowanie | złorzeczenie
sense_list:
The act of imprecating, or invoking evil upon someone; a prayer that a curse or calamity may befall someone.


lexentry: eng/impregnation__Noun__1
written_rep: impregnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: impregnacja
sense_list:
The fact or process of imbuing or saturating with something; diffusion of some element, idea etc. through a medium or substance.


lexentry: eng/impressionism__Noun__1
written_rep: impressionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: impresjonizm
sense_list:
(arts) An art movement characterized by visible brushstrokes, ordinary subject matter, and an emphasis on light and its changing qualities. | (music genre) A style that avoided traditional harmony, and sought to invoke the impressions of the composer. | (poetry) A style that used imagery and symbolism to portray the poet's impressions.


lexentry: eng/impressionistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: impressionistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: impresjonistyczny
sense_list:
Pertaining to or characterized by impressionism. | Based on impression rather than reason or fact; based on trying to impress somebody rather than trying for accuracy.


lexentry: eng/imprimatur__Noun__1
written_rep: imprimatur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sankcja
sense_list:
(printing) An official license to publish or print something, especially when censorship applies. | (by extension) Any mark of official approval.


lexentry: eng/improper_fraction__Noun__1
written_rep: improper fraction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ułamek niewłaściwy
sense_list:
(arithmetic) A vulgar fraction of which the numerator has a greater magnitude than the denominator, such as 3/2.


lexentry: eng/improper_integral__Noun__1
written_rep: improper integral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: całka niewłaściwa
sense_list:
(calculus) An integral where at least one of the endpoints is taken as a limit, either to a specific number or to infinity.


lexentry: eng/improvement__Noun__1
written_rep: improvement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: polepszenie | poprawa | ulepszenie
sense_list:
The act of making profitable use or application of anything, or the state of being profitably employed; practical application, for example of a doctrine, principle, or theory, stated in a discourse.


lexentry: eng/improvise__Verb__1
written_rep: improvise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: improwizować | zaimprowizować
sense_list:
To make something up or invent it as one goes on; to proceed guided only by imagination, intuition, and guesswork rather than by a careful plan.


lexentry: eng/improvised_explosive_device__Noun__1
written_rep: improvised explosive device
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fugas
sense_list:
An unconventional or amateur explosive weapon made from nonmilitary components, especially one used by guerrillas, commandos or terrorists.


lexentry: eng/imprudence__Noun__1
written_rep: imprudence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieostrożność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality or state of being imprudent; lack of prudence, caution, discretion or circumspection. | (countable) An imprudent act.


lexentry: eng/impugn__Verb__1
written_rep: impugn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwalczać
sense_list:
(transitive, obsolete) To assault, attack. | (transitive) To verbally assault, especially to argue against an opinion, motive, or action; to question the truth or validity of.


lexentry: eng/impunity__Noun__1
written_rep: impunity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezkarność
sense_list:
(countable, legal) Exemption from punishment. | (uncountable) Freedom from punishment or retribution; security from any reprisal or injurious consequences of an action, behaviour etc.


lexentry: eng/impurity__Noun__1
written_rep: impurity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieczystość
sense_list:
The condition of being impure; because of contamination, pollution, adulteration or insufficient purification.


lexentry: eng/imputation__Noun__1
written_rep: imputation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: imputacja
sense_list:
(theology) A setting of something to the account of; the attribution of personal guilt or personal righteousness of another.


lexentry: eng/in_a_word__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in a word
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jednym słowem
sense_list:
(abbreviative action or effect): In summarization: briefly, concisely, summarily, in short; to sum up


lexentry: eng/in_articulo_mortis__Adverb__1
written_rep: in articulo mortis
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w obliczu śmierci
sense_list:
At the moment of death. (In law, especially canon, or church, law, this expression can mean that someone has been given special permission by a competent authority to enter an organization or to receive some sort of exemption or permission at some point not long before they die, such as receiving diaconal or presbyteral ordination or entering religious profession.)


lexentry: eng/in_bed__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in bed
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: w łóżku
sense_list:
(by extension) Cooperating with, as if for an illicit reward; in league with. | (idiomatic) Regarding sexual activities.


lexentry: eng/in_black_and_white__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in black and white
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czarno na białym
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Explicitly, in writing, clearly and without doubt or misunderstanding, without any grey areas.


lexentry: eng/in_broad_daylight__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in broad daylight
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w biały dzień
sense_list:
In ample natural illumination, during the daytime. | (figurative) In a blatant and publicly visible manner during the day.


lexentry: eng/in_cold_blood__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in cold blood
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: z zimną krwią
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a ruthless and unfeeling manner, particularly as applied to first-degree murder committed without provocation and with malice aforethought.


lexentry: eng/in_for_a_penny,_in_for_a_pound__Proverb__1
written_rep: in for a penny, in for a pound
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jak się powiedziało A, to trzeba powiedzieć B
sense_list:
(chiefly, British) Expressing that, having begun something (that involves significant risk or effort), one intends to see it to completion rather than stopping short.


lexentry: eng/in_front_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: in front of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przed
sense_list:
At or near the front part of (something). | Located before, ahead of, previous to (someone or something).


lexentry: eng/in_layman's_terms__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in layman's terms
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Phrased simply, without jargon; (of English-language speech or writing) phrased in plain English.

trans_list:
na chłopski rozum | po ludzku | w prostych żołnierskich słowach | z polskiego na nasze | łopatologicznie


lexentry: eng/in_living_memory__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in living memory
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: za ludzkiej pamięci
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In recent history, in recorded history amongst the lifespan of extant people; events or situations which can be remembered by people that are still alive.


lexentry: eng/in_my_humble_opinion__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in my humble opinion
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: moim skromnym zdaniem
sense_list:
Used to introduce or qualify a statement, as expressing one's own view, not one backed by external authority or to be accepted without question


lexentry: eng/in_no_uncertain_terms__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in no uncertain terms
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bez ogródek
sense_list:
(idiomatic, of a statement, especially a threat or admonishment) Definitely, clearly; bluntly, forthrightly; explicitly, categorically, unequivocally.


lexentry: eng/in_one's_bones__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in one's bones
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w kościach
sense_list:
(idiom, figurative) (of a feeling, belief, etc.) Derived from instinct, intuition, or an ingrained inclination.


lexentry: eng/in_other_words__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in other words
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: innymi słowy
sense_list:
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Stated or interpreted another way; Used to introduce an explanation, simplification, or clarification.


lexentry: eng/in_personam__Adjective__1
written_rep: in personam
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeciwko konkretnej osobie
sense_list:
(legal) In a lawsuit against a specific individual, a summons and complaint to give the court jurisdiction that is served to a person to try a case. In personam means that a judgment can be enforceable against the person wherever he/she is.


lexentry: eng/in_the_act__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the act
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na gorącym uczynku
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In the process of doing something considered criminal or otherwise wrong; used to emphasize the eye-witness evidence.


lexentry: eng/in_the_land_of_the_blind,_the_one-eyed_man_is_king__Proverb__1
written_rep: in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w kraju ślepców jednooki jest królem
sense_list:
Even someone with limited abilities or opportunities is dominant over, and considered special by, those who have even fewer abilities and opportunities; the value of any ability depends on its prevalence.


lexentry: eng/in_the_line_of_duty__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the line of duty
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na służbie
sense_list:
(idiomatic) As part of or while performing official duties, usually of the military or police personnel, or of government officials.


lexentry: eng/in_the_middle_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: in the middle of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: w trakcie
sense_list:
(often followed by the -ing form of a verb) Engaged in, but not finished with, often with something unpleasant.


lexentry: eng/in_the_name_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: in the name of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w imieniu
sense_list:
With appeal to; by; often used to introduce oaths | By the authority of. | Under the name or possession of.


lexentry: eng/in_the_offing__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in the offing
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: na horyzoncie
sense_list:
(figurative) Soon to come; likely to happen; in the foreseeable future; projected to occur; on the horizon; in the wind.


lexentry: eng/in_turn__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: in turn
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: z kolei
sense_list:
One after the other; one at a time; in succession; successively. | In response; in return. | Having a relationship sequentially comparable to one just mentioned; accordingly or similarly, with respect to sequence, precedence, or hierarchy.


lexentry: eng/in_vain__Adverb__1
written_rep: in vain
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nadaremno
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a disrespectful manner, without honoring the proper meaning; insincerely or without proper respect.


lexentry: eng/in_wine,_there_is_truth__Proverb__1
written_rep: in wine, there is truth
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w winie prawda
sense_list:
Statements made or expressed under the influence of alcohol reveal true beliefs that are not expressed when sober.


lexentry: eng/in_your_dreams__Phrase__1
written_rep: in your dreams
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chyba śnisz
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial, somewhat, derogatory, often, sarcastic) Used to express the speaker's skepticism about another's preceding statement about a desired or assumed state of affairs.


lexentry: eng/inanition__Noun__1
written_rep: inanition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: głód
sense_list:
(medicine) A state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition, food, or water or a physiological inability to utilize them, with resulting weakness.


lexentry: eng/inanition__Noun__1
written_rep: inanition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pustka
sense_list:
(philosophy) A spiritual emptiness or lack of purpose or will to live, akin to nausea in existentialist philosophy.


lexentry: eng/inaugurate__Verb__1
written_rep: inaugurate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: inaugurować
sense_list:
To initiate or usher in (something, as a (significant) course of action, development, organization, or period of time) with a formal ceremony or in a ceremonious manner; also (loosely) , to begin or commence (something); to start.


lexentry: eng/inauguration__Noun__1
written_rep: inauguration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inauguracja
sense_list:
The act of inaugurating, or inducting into office with solemnity; investiture by appropriate ceremonies.


lexentry: eng/inbox__Noun__1
written_rep: inbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: skrzynka odbiorcza
sense_list:
(computing) An electronic folder serving the same purpose, but for electronic files, especially email.


lexentry: eng/inbreeding__Noun__1
written_rep: inbreeding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chów wsobny
sense_list:
(biology) Breeding between members of a relatively small population, especially one in which most members are related.


lexentry: eng/incalculable__Adjective__1
written_rep: incalculable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nieobliczalny
sense_list:
(not comparable) Too much, too vast, or too numerous to enable computation. | (comparable) Of a person's mood or character, etc.: impossible to predict.


lexentry: eng/incantation__Noun__1
written_rep: incantation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inkantacja
sense_list:
The act or process of using formulas and/or usually rhyming words, sung or spoken, with occult ceremonies, for the purpose of raising spirits, producing enchantment, or creating other magical results. | (computing, slang) Any esoteric command or procedure.


lexentry: eng/incarnation__Noun__1
written_rep: incarnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inkarnacja | wcielenie | uosobienie
sense_list:
An incarnate being or form. | A person or thing regarded as embodying or exhibiting some quality, idea, or the like.


lexentry: eng/incel__Noun__1
written_rep: incel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: incel | incelka
sense_list:
A member of an online subculture of people (mostly men) who define themselves as unable to find a romantic or sexual partner despite desiring one.


lexentry: eng/incense__Noun__1
written_rep: incense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kadzidło
sense_list:
Biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burnt, often used in religious rites or for aesthetic reasons.


lexentry: eng/incest__Noun__1
written_rep: incest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kazirodztwo
sense_list:
Sexual relations between close relatives, especially immediate family members and sometimes first cousins, usually considered taboo; in many jurisdictions, close relatives are not allowed to marry, and incest is a crime.


lexentry: eng/inch__Noun__1
written_rep: inch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cal
sense_list:
An English unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot or 2.54 cm, conceived as roughly the width of a thumb. | Any of various similar units of length in other traditional systems of measurement.


lexentry: eng/incident__Noun__1
written_rep: incident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: incydent | wydarzenie | zajście
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) An event or occurrence. | An event that causes or may cause an interruption or a crisis, such as a workplace illness or a software error.


lexentry: eng/incision__Noun__1
written_rep: incision
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cięcie
sense_list:
A cut, especially one made by a scalpel or similar medical tool in the context of surgical operation; the scar resulting from such a cut. | (football) A cut-back


lexentry: eng/incisor__Noun__1
written_rep: incisor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siekacz
sense_list:
(anatomy, zootomy) A narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth of mammals, between the canines and adapted for cutting; in humans there are four in each jaw.


lexentry: eng/incline__Verb__1
written_rep: incline
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pochylać
sense_list:
(transitive) To bend or move (something) out of a given plane or direction, often the horizontal or vertical. | (intransitive) To slope.


lexentry: eng/inclined_plane__Noun__1
written_rep: inclined plane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równia pochyła
sense_list:
(mechanics) One of the simple machines; a sloping surface such as a ramp such that an object can be raised with less effort than being lifted vertically.


lexentry: eng/inclusion__Noun__1
written_rep: inclusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: inkluzja | wrostek
sense_list:
(countable, mineralogy) Any material that is trapped inside a mineral during its formation, as a defect in a precious stone.


lexentry: eng/inclusive_or__Noun__1
written_rep: inclusive or
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternatywa łączna | inkluzja
sense_list:
(logic, computing) A logical connective joining two or more predicates that yields the logical value "true" when at least one of the predicates is true.


lexentry: eng/income_statement__Noun__1
written_rep: income statement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rachunek zysków i strat
sense_list:
(accounting) A calculation which shows the profit or loss of an accounting unit (company, municipality, foundation etc.) during a specific period of time, providing a summary of how the profit or loss is calculated from gross revenue and expenses.


lexentry: eng/incomer__Noun__1
written_rep: incomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: imigrant
sense_list:
An outsider who moves to a community or a place; (used by those who consider themselves to be its original inhabitants).


lexentry: eng/incompatible__Adjective__1
written_rep: incompatible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niekompatybilny | niezgodny
sense_list:
Of two things: that cannot coexist; not congruous because of differences; unable to function together due to dissimilarities.


lexentry: eng/inconsolable__Adjective__1
written_rep: inconsolable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niepocieszony | nieukojony | nieutulony
sense_list:
Not consolable; unable to be consoled or comforted, usually due to grief, disappointment, or other distress.


lexentry: eng/inconspicuously__Adverb__1
written_rep: inconspicuously
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niepostrzeżenie
sense_list:
In an inconspicuous manner; so as not to attract attention or appear unusual or out of the ordinary.


lexentry: eng/incontinence__Noun__1
written_rep: incontinence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: inkontynencja
sense_list:
(urology) The inability of any of the physical organs to restrain discharges of their contents; involuntary discharge or evacuation (of urine or feces).


lexentry: eng/incorporate__Verb__1
written_rep: incorporate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wcielać
sense_list:
(transitive) To include (something) as a part. | (US, legal) To include (another clause or guarantee of the US constitution) as a part (of the Fourteenth Amendment, such that the clause binds not only the federal government but also state governments).


lexentry: eng/increment__Noun__1
written_rep: increment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyrost
sense_list:
The action of increasing or becoming greater. | The amount of increase. | (grammar) A syllable in excess of the number of the nominative singular or the second-person singular present indicative.


lexentry: eng/incubation__Noun__1
written_rep: incubation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inkubacja
sense_list:
Sitting on eggs for the purpose of hatching young; a brooding on, or keeping warm, to develop the life within, by any process. | (pathology) The development of a disease from its causes, or the period of such development.


lexentry: eng/incubation_period__Noun__1
written_rep: incubation period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okres inkubacji
sense_list:
(epidemiology) The time elapsed between an exposure to a pathogenic organism, a chemical or radiation, and the appearance of signs and symptoms.


lexentry: eng/incubator__Noun__1
written_rep: incubator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: inkubator
sense_list:
(medicine) An apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for a newborn baby. | An apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for the hatching of eggs. | (business) A support programme for the development of entrepreneurial companies.


lexentry: eng/incubus__Noun__1
written_rep: incubus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inkub
sense_list:
(medieval folklore) An evil spirit supposed to oppress people while asleep, especially to have sex with women as they sleep.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Adjective__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obowiązkowy
sense_list:
Followed by on or upon: imposed on one as an obligation, especially due to one's office or position.


lexentry: eng/incumbent__Noun__1
written_rep: incumbent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: właściciel
sense_list:
The current holder of an office or title; (specifically, Christianity) the holder of an ecclesiastical benefice.


lexentry: eng/incur__Verb__1
written_rep: incur
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cierpieć
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring upon oneself or expose oneself to, especially something inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to become liable or subject to.


lexentry: eng/indecent_exposure__Noun__1
written_rep: indecent exposure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ekshibicjonizm | publiczne obnażanie się
sense_list:
(legal) The crime of intentionally exposing one's genitalia in public; in some cases also including the act of public urination and defecation.


lexentry: eng/indefinite__Adjective__1
written_rep: indefinite
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nieokreślony | niewyraźny
sense_list:
Vague or unclear. | (linguistics) Designating an unspecified or unidentified person or thing or group of persons or things


lexentry: eng/indefinite_article__Noun__1
written_rep: indefinite article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rodzajnik nieokreślony
sense_list:
(grammar) A word preceding a noun to indicate that the noun refers to any member of the class of objects named by the noun.


lexentry: eng/indentation__Noun__1
written_rep: indentation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: akapit
sense_list:
(typography) The act of beginning a line or series of lines at a little distance within the flush line of the column or page, as in the common way of beginning the first line of a paragraph.


lexentry: eng/indenture__Noun__1
written_rep: indenture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kontrakt
sense_list:
(legal) A contract which binds a person to work for another, under specified conditions, for a specified time (often as an apprentice). | (legal) A contract relating to lending (typically for issuing a bond), a real estate transaction, or a bankruptcy that imposes additional conditions on one or both parties.


lexentry: eng/independence__Noun__1
written_rep: independence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niepodległość | niezależność | niezawisłość
sense_list:
The quality or state of being independent; lack of dependence; the state of not being reliant on, or controlled by, others.


lexentry: eng/independence_day__Noun__1
written_rep: independence day
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzień niepodległości
sense_list:
An annual celebration commemorating the anniversary of a nation's assumption of independent statehood.


lexentry: eng/index__Noun__1
written_rep: index
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: indeks
sense_list:
(economics) A single number calculated from an array of prices or of quantities. | (science) A number representing a property or ratio; a coefficient. | (computing, especially, programming, and, databases) An integer or other key indicating the location of data, e.g. within an array, vector, database table, associative array, or hash table.


lexentry: eng/index__Verb__1
written_rep: index
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: indeksować
sense_list:
(chiefly, economics) To normalise in order to account for inflation; to correct for inflation by linking to a price index in order to maintain real levels.


lexentry: eng/index_card__Noun__1
written_rep: index card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fiszka
sense_list:
A piece of heavy paper stock used to record information to be stored in a card index or to supply the copy (content) from which to generate a book index.


lexentry: eng/index_case__Noun__1
written_rep: index case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przypadek wskazujący
sense_list:
(epidemiology) The first documented case in a disease epidemic within a population or the first case of interest in an epidemiological investigation: the case of patient zero (the index patient).


lexentry: eng/indicator__Noun__1
written_rep: indicator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: indykator | wskaźnik
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of many substances, such as litmus, used to indicate the concentration of a substance, or the degree of a reaction.


lexentry: eng/indicator__Noun__1
written_rep: indicator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: kierunkowskaz
sense_list:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, automotive ) A turn signal; each of the flashing lights on each side of a vehicle which indicate a turn is being made to left or right, or a lane change etc.


lexentry: eng/indict__Verb__1
written_rep: indict
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: oskarżać
sense_list:
(legal) To make a formal accusation or indictment for a crime against (a party) by the findings of a jury, especially a grand jury.


lexentry: eng/indictable_offence__Noun__1
written_rep: indictable offence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestępstwo
sense_list:
(legal, British, Canadian, Australian, Hong Kong) An offence which can only be tried on an indictment after a preliminary hearing to determine whether there is a prima facie case to answer or by a grand jury, in contrast to a summary offence.


lexentry: eng/indictment__Noun__1
written_rep: indictment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akt oskarżenia
sense_list:
(legal) The official legal document outlining the charges concerned; bill of indictment. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/indigenous__Adjective__1
written_rep: indigenous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: miejscowy | macierzysty
sense_list:
Born or originating in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion. [from 17th c.] | In particular, of or relating to a people (or their language or culture) that inhabited a region prior to the arrival of people of other cultures which became dominant (e.g., through colonialism), and which maintains a distinct culture.


lexentry: eng/indigestion__Noun__1
written_rep: indigestion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dyspepsja | niestrawność
sense_list:
(Pathology) A condition of heartburn, nausea, or other stomach-related pain, sometimes caused by eating too quickly.


lexentry: eng/indignation__Noun__1
written_rep: indignation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oburzenie
sense_list:
An anger aroused by something perceived as an indignity, notably an offense or injustice. | A self-righteous anger or disgust.


lexentry: eng/indigo__Noun__1
written_rep: indigo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: indygo
sense_list:
A purplish-blue color. | An indigo-colored dye obtained from certain plants (indigo plant or woad), or a similar synthetic dye.


lexentry: eng/indirect_free_kick__Noun__1
written_rep: indirect free kick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzut wolny pośredni
sense_list:
(soccer) a free kick from which a goal may be scored only after the ball has been played by at least one other player


lexentry: eng/indirect_object__Noun__1
written_rep: indirect object
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dopełnienie dalsze
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatical role of a ditransitive verb that manifests a secondary or passive participant in an action, often a recipient or goal.


lexentry: eng/indispensable__Adjective__1
written_rep: indispensable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieodzowny | niezbędny
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical, obsolete) Not admitting ecclesiastical dispensation; not subject to release or exemption; that cannot be allowed by bending the canonical rules. [16th–17th c.]


lexentry: eng/indistinguishable__Adjective__1
written_rep: indistinguishable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieodróżnialny
sense_list:
Not distinguishable; not capable of being perceived, known, or discriminated as separate and distinct


lexentry: eng/individual__Noun__1
written_rep: individual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: osobnik | indywidualny | osoba fizyczna
sense_list:
(legal) A single physical human being as a legal subject, as opposed to a legal person such as a corporation.


lexentry: eng/individualism__Noun__1
written_rep: individualism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: indywidualizm
sense_list:
The tendency for a person to act without reference to others, particularly in matters of style, fashion or mode of thought. | The moral stance, political philosophy, or social outlook that promotes independence and self-reliance of individual people, while opposing the interference with each person's choices by society, the state, or any other group or institution.


lexentry: eng/individualist__Noun__1
written_rep: individualist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: indywidualista
sense_list:
Someone who believes in individualism as a sociopolitical system. | Someone who does as they wish, unconstrained by external influences.


lexentry: eng/individuality__Noun__1
written_rep: individuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: indywidualność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The characteristics that contribute to the differentiation or distinction of someone or something from a group of otherwise comparable identity.


lexentry: eng/indole__Noun__1
written_rep: indole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: indol | benzopirol
sense_list:
(organic compound) An organic compound, C8H7N, found in coal tar, and produced in the gut by the bacterial decomposition of tryptophan; it is an aromatic bicyclic heterocycle having a benzene ring fused with a pyrrole ring; indole and its derivatives occur widely in nature and have many industrial applications. | (organic compound) Any of the derivatives of indole.


lexentry: eng/inductance__Noun__1
written_rep: inductance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: indukcyjność
sense_list:
(physics) The property of an electric circuit by which a voltage is induced in it by a changing magnetic field.


lexentry: eng/induction__Noun__1
written_rep: induction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: indukcja
sense_list:
(physics) Generation of an electric current by a varying magnetic field. | (logic) Derivation of general principles from specific instances. | (obsolete) An introduction.


lexentry: eng/indulgence__Noun__1
written_rep: indulgence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: odpust
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A pardon or release from the expectation of punishment in purgatory, after the sinner has been granted absolution.


lexentry: eng/indulgent__Adjective__1
written_rep: indulgent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: życzliwy
sense_list:
Disposed or prone to indulge, humor, gratify, or yield to one's own or another's desires, etc., or to be compliant, lenient, or forbearing;


lexentry: eng/induration__Noun__1
written_rep: induration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: stwardnienie
sense_list:
(medical) Hardening of an area of the body as a reaction to inflammation, hyperemia, or neoplastic infiltration.


lexentry: eng/industrial_strength__Adjective__1
written_rep: industrial strength
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przemysł
sense_list:
Made for use by businesses or manufacturers, as opposed to home consumers, and therefore typically larger, stronger, more difficult to operate, and less attractive in appearance.


lexentry: eng/industrialism__Noun__1
written_rep: industrialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: industrializm
sense_list:
The socioeconomic system based upon the industrial production of manufactured goods, rather than on agriculture.


lexentry: eng/industrialization__Noun__1
written_rep: industrialization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: industrializacja | uprzemysłowienie
sense_list:
A process of social and economic change whereby a human society is transformed from a preindustrial to an industrial state.


lexentry: eng/inebriate__Verb__1
written_rep: inebriate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oszołomić
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause to be drunk; to intoxicate. | (transitive, figurative) To disorder the senses of; to exhilarate, elate or stupefy as if by spirituous drink. | (intransitive) To become drunk.


lexentry: eng/inequality__Noun__1
written_rep: inequality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nierówność
sense_list:
An unfair, not equal, state. | (mathematics) A statement that of two quantities one is specifically less than (or greater than) another. Symbol: < or \leq or > or \geq or \ne, as appropriate.


lexentry: eng/inertial_frame_of_reference__Noun__1
written_rep: inertial frame of reference
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: układ inercjalny
sense_list:
(physics) A frame of reference that is stationary relative to a body moving at constant velocity and on which no force is being exerted.


lexentry: eng/inertness__Noun__1
written_rep: inertness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezwładność
sense_list:
Lack of activity or exertion; habitual indisposition to action or motion | Absence of the power of self-motion; inertia.


lexentry: eng/inexpedient__Adjective__1
written_rep: inexpedient
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niecelowy
sense_list:
Not expedient; not tending to promote a purpose; not tending to the end desired; unsuitable to time and place


lexentry: eng/infamous__Adjective__1
written_rep: infamous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niesławny
sense_list:
Having a bad reputation; disreputable; notorious; unpleasant or evil; widely known, especially for something scornful.


lexentry: eng/infant__Noun__1
written_rep: infant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niemowlę | niemowlak
sense_list:
A very young human being, from birth to somewhere between six months and two years of age after birth, needing almost constant care and attention.


lexentry: eng/infante__Noun__1
written_rep: infante
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infant
sense_list:
(historical) Any son of the king of Spain or Portugal, sometimes except the eldest or heir apparent.


lexentry: eng/infanticide__Noun__1
written_rep: infanticide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzieciobójstwo
sense_list:
The murder of an infant. | (law, Canada) The criminal offence of killing of a newborn, committed by its mother while psychologically disturbed by the effects of childbirth or lactation, not regarded as murder.


lexentry: eng/infantry__Noun__1
written_rep: infantry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piechota
sense_list:
Soldiers who fight on foot (on land), as opposed to cavalry and other mounted units, regardless of external transport (e.g. airborne). | (uncountable) The part of an army consisting of infantry soldiers, especially opposed to mounted and technical troops.


lexentry: eng/infantry_fighting_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: infantry fighting vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bojowy wóz piechoty
sense_list:
(military) An armoured combat vehicle designed to carry infantry soldiers and provide fire support for them.


lexentry: eng/infect__Verb__1
written_rep: infect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zarazić | zakazić | zakażać | zarażać
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring (the body or part of it) into contact with a substance that causes illness (a pathogen), so that the pathogen begins to act on the body; (of a pathogen) to come into contact with (a body or body part) and begin to act on it.


lexentry: eng/infect__Verb__1
written_rep: infect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zarazić
sense_list:
(transitive) To make somebody enthusiastic about one's own passion, or to communicate a feeling to others, or a feeling communicating itself to others.


lexentry: eng/infection__Noun__1
written_rep: infection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakażenie | infekcja
sense_list:
(pathology) The act or process of infecting. | An uncontrolled growth of harmful microorganisms in a host.


lexentry: eng/infectious__Adjective__1
written_rep: infectious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infekcyjny | zakaźny | zaraźliwy
sense_list:
(pathology, of an illness) Caused by an agent that enters the host's body (such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or prion); often, also, transmitted among hosts via any of various routes (for example, contact, droplet-borne, airborne, waterborne, foodborne, fomite-borne, or bloodborne).


lexentry: eng/infectious_disease__Noun__1
written_rep: infectious disease
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: choroba zakaźna
sense_list:
(medicine) An illness caused by a specific infectious agent (bacterium, virus, fungus, protozoa, prion etc.), that results from transmission of that agent from an infected person, animal, or reservoir to a susceptible host. | (medicine) A medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis, control and treatment of infections.


lexentry: eng/infer__Verb__1
written_rep: infer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wnioskować | wywnioskować | dedukować | wydedukować
sense_list:
(transitive) To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/inference__Noun__1
written_rep: inference
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: konkluzja
sense_list:
(countable) That which is inferred; a truth or proposition drawn from another which is admitted or supposed to be true; a conclusion; a deduction.


lexentry: eng/infidelity__Noun__1
written_rep: infidelity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niewierność
sense_list:
Unfaithfulness in a marriage or an intimate (sexual or romantic) relationship: practice or instance of having a sexual or romantic affair with someone other than one's spouse, without the consent of the spouse.


lexentry: eng/infimum__Noun__1
written_rep: infimum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infimum | kres dolny
sense_list:
(mathematics) (of a subset) the greatest element of the containing set that is smaller than or equal to all elements of the subset. The infimum may or may not be a member of the subset.


lexentry: eng/infinite__Adjective__1
written_rep: infinite
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieskończony | bezgraniczny
sense_list:
Indefinably large, countlessly great; immense. [from 14th c.] | Boundless, endless, without end or limits; innumerable. [from 15th c.] | (mathematics) Greater than any positive quantity or magnitude; limitless. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/infinitesimal__Adjective__1
written_rep: infinitesimal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nieskończenie mały
sense_list:
(mathematics, not comparable) Of or pertaining to values that approach zero as a limit. | (informal) Very small.


lexentry: eng/infinitive__Noun__1
written_rep: infinitive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bezokolicznik | infinitiwus
sense_list:
(grammar) A non-finite verb form considered neutral with respect to inflection; depending on language variously found used with auxiliary verbs, in subordinate clauses, or acting as a gerund, and often as the dictionary form.


lexentry: eng/infinity__Noun__1
written_rep: infinity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: nieskończoność | lemniskata | symbol nieskończoności
sense_list:
(uncountable) A number which is very large compared to some characteristic number. For example, in optics, an object which is much further away than the focal length of a lens is said to be "at infinity", as the distance of the image from the lens varies very little as the distance increases further.


lexentry: eng/infix__Noun__1
written_rep: infix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infiks | wrostek
sense_list:
An affix inserted inside a root, such as -ma- in English edumacation. | (some authors when describing agglutinative languages, otherwise, _, dated) A prefix that is not at the beginning of a word, such as the con- of reconcile, or a suffix that is not at the end of a word, such as the -al of nationality.


lexentry: eng/inflame__Verb__1
written_rep: inflame
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obudzić
sense_list:
(transitive, figuratively) To kindle or intensify (a feeling, as passion or appetite); to excite to an excessive or unnatural action or heat.


lexentry: eng/inflame__Verb__1
written_rep: inflame
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zirytować
sense_list:
(transitive) To provoke (a person) to anger or rage; to exasperate; to irritate; to incense; to enrage.


lexentry: eng/inflammation__Noun__1
written_rep: inflammation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zapalenie
sense_list:
(pathology) A condition of any part of the body, consisting of congestion of the blood vessels, with obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and pain.


lexentry: eng/inflammatory_bowel_disease__Noun__1
written_rep: inflammatory bowel disease
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieswoiste zapalenie jelit
sense_list:
(disease) A gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder, a type of colitis not resulting from an infection.


lexentry: eng/inflation__Noun__1
written_rep: inflation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inflacja
sense_list:
An act, instance of, or state of expansion or increase in size, especially by injection of a gas or liquid. | (economics) An increase in the quantity of money, leading to a devaluation of existing money. | (economics) An increase in the general level of prices or in the cost of living. | (economics) A decline in the value of money.


lexentry: eng/inflection__Noun__1
written_rep: inflection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fleksja | odmiana
sense_list:
(grammar, uncountable) The linguistic phenomenon of morphological variation, whereby terms take a number of distinct forms in order to express different grammatical features.


lexentry: eng/inflexibility__Noun__1
written_rep: inflexibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieugiętość
sense_list:
The quality or state of being inflexible, or not capable of being bent or changed; unyielding stiffness


lexentry: eng/inflexible__Adjective__1
written_rep: inflexible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieelastyczny | nieugięty | sztywny
sense_list:
Not flexible; not capable of bending or being bent. | Not willing to change, e.g. one's opinion or habits. | Not able to be changed or adapted to circumstances.


lexentry: eng/inflorescence__Noun__1
written_rep: inflorescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwiatostan
sense_list:
(botany) A group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branches.


lexentry: eng/influence__Noun__1
written_rep: influence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wpływ
sense_list:
The power to affect, control or manipulate something or someone; the ability to change the development of fluctuating things such as conduct, thoughts or decisions. | An action exerted by a person or thing with such power on another to cause change. | A person or thing exerting such power or action.


lexentry: eng/influence__Verb__1
written_rep: influence
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wpływać | oddziaływać | wpłynąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To have an effect on by using gentle or subtle action; to exert an influence upon; to modify, bias, or sway; to persuade or induce.


lexentry: eng/influence_peddling__Noun__1
written_rep: influence peddling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: handel wpływami
sense_list:
A type of corruption in which people use their connections with governments to gain favors or preferential treatment for a third party, usually in return for money.


lexentry: eng/influencer__Noun__1
written_rep: influencer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: influencerka | influencer
sense_list:
(social media, marketing) A person who is able to influence consumption, lifestyle, or political preferences of their online audience by creating or engaging social media content, often as a part of a marketing campaign.


lexentry: eng/influenza__Noun__1
written_rep: influenza
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grypa
sense_list:
(disease) An acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs, caused by a virus, which rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics.


lexentry: eng/infodemic__Noun__1
written_rep: infodemic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infodemia
sense_list:
(informal) An excessive amount of information concerning a problem such that the solution is made more difficult.


lexentry: eng/inform__Verb__1
written_rep: inform
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: informować | poinformować | powiadamiać | powiadomić
sense_list:
(transitive) To give form or character to; to inspire (with a given quality); to affect, influence (with a pervading principle, idea etc.).


lexentry: eng/informatics__Noun__1
written_rep: informatics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: informatyka
sense_list:
(computing) A branch of information science and of computer science that focuses on the study of information processing, particularly with respect to systems integration and human interactions with machine and data.


lexentry: eng/information__Noun__1
written_rep: information
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: informacja | wiadomość
sense_list:
Things that are or can be known about a given topic; communicable knowledge of something. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/information_and_communications_technology__Noun__1
written_rep: information and communications technology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: teleinformatyka
sense_list:
(computing) The processing of data using computers, and the movement of data between computers. | (computing) The creation of computer systems and applications, especially those that move data around a computer network, between clients and servers, or over the Internet. | (computing) The computing and communications department of an organization.


lexentry: eng/information_overload__Noun__1
written_rep: information overload
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeciążenie informacyjne
sense_list:
The inability to process everything one hears and sees; the availability or supply of too much information, or a state of stress which results.


lexentry: eng/information_science__Noun__1
written_rep: information science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: informatyka
sense_list:
(applied science) A broad and interdisciplinary science that deals with the gathering, classification, storage, manipulation, retrieval and analysis of information as an organized resource.


lexentry: eng/information_society__Noun__1
written_rep: information society
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: społeczeństwo informacyjne
sense_list:
(sociology) A society where the creation, distribution, use, integration and manipulation of information is a significant economic, political, and cultural activity.


lexentry: eng/information_warfare__Noun__1
written_rep: information warfare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wojna informacyjna
sense_list:
The use and management of information in pursuit of an advantage over an opponent, such as propaganda, disinformation, and gathering assurances that one's own information is accurate.


lexentry: eng/infotainment__Noun__1
written_rep: infotainment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infotainment
sense_list:
A form of programming (cinematic, television, live action, etc.) that provides both information and entertainment, consisting of mostly celebrity news and human drama. [from 1982]


lexentry: eng/infrared__Noun__1
written_rep: infrared
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podczerwień | podczerwony
sense_list:
(uncountable) The electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than visible light, but shorter than microwave radiation, having a wavelength between 700 nm and 1 mm.


lexentry: eng/infrastructure__Noun__1
written_rep: infrastructure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infrastruktura
sense_list:
(systems theory) An underlying base or foundation for a building, organization, or system. [from 1887] | The facilities, services and installations needed for the functioning of a community or society.


lexentry: eng/infructescence__Noun__1
written_rep: infructescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: owocostan
sense_list:
(botany) The fruiting stage of an inflorescence. | (botany) A group of fruits arranged on a stem in a characteristic pattern.


lexentry: eng/infula__Noun__1
written_rep: infula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infuła
sense_list:
A fillet of white wool, worn on the head by ancient Roman priests. | A head covering worn by early Christian priests. | A ribbon on a bishop's mitre.


lexentry: eng/infuse__Verb__1
written_rep: infuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zaparzać | zaparzyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To steep in a liquid, so as to extract the soluble constituents (usually medicinal or herbal). | (transitive, obsolete) To pour in, as a liquid; to pour (into or upon); to shed.


lexentry: eng/infusion__Noun__1
written_rep: infusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: napar
sense_list:
A product consisting of a liquid which has had other ingredients steeped in it to extract useful qualities.


lexentry: eng/infusion__Noun__1
written_rep: infusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zaparzanie
sense_list:
The act of steeping or soaking a substance in liquid so as to extract medicinal or herbal qualities.


lexentry: eng/ingenious__Adjective__1
written_rep: ingenious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pomysłowy
sense_list:
(of a person) Displaying genius or brilliance; inventive. | (of a thing) Characterized by genius; cleverly contrived or done.


lexentry: eng/ingest__Verb__1
written_rep: ingest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyjmować
sense_list:
(transitive) To take (a substance, e.g., food) into the body of an organism, especially through the mouth and into the gastrointestinal tract.


lexentry: eng/ingestion__Noun__1
written_rep: ingestion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spożycie | spożywanie
sense_list:
The process of ingesting, or consuming something orally, whether it be food, drink, medicine, or other substance. It is usually referred to as the first step of digestion.


lexentry: eng/inglenook__Noun__1
written_rep: inglenook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapiecek
sense_list:
(originally, Scotland, architecture, chiefly, historical) A nook or corner beside an open fireplace; a chimney corner.


lexentry: eng/ingot__Noun__1
written_rep: ingot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztaba | sztabka
sense_list:
A solid block of more or less pure metal, often but not necessarily bricklike in shape and trapezoidal in cross-section, the result of pouring out and cooling molten metal, often immediately after smelting from raw ore or alloying from constituents.


lexentry: eng/ingress__Noun__1
written_rep: ingress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dostęp
sense_list:
The act of entering. | A permission to enter. | A door or other means of entering. | (astronomy) The entrance of the Moon into the shadow of the Earth in eclipses, or the Sun's entrance into a sign, etc.


lexentry: eng/inhale__Verb__1
written_rep: inhale
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: inhalować | wdychać | wziewać
sense_list:
(transitive) To draw air or any form of gas (either in a pure form, or mixed with small particles in form of aerosols/smoke -sometimes stemming from a medicament) into the lungs, through the nose or mouth by action of the diaphragm.


lexentry: eng/inhaler__Noun__1
written_rep: inhaler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: inhalator
sense_list:
(medicine) A device with a canister holding medicine (either in powder or gas form) which is sprayed and inhaled by the patient, often for treating asthma and other respiratory diseases.


lexentry: eng/inherit__Verb__1
written_rep: inherit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziedziczyć | odziedziczyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To receive (property, a title, etc.), by legal succession or bequest after the previous owner's death. | (transitive, biology) To receive a characteristic from one's ancestors by genetic transmission.


lexentry: eng/inheritance__Noun__1
written_rep: inheritance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziedziczenie
sense_list:
The passing of title to an estate upon death. | (biology, genetic algorithms) The biological attributes passed hereditarily from ancestors to their offspring. | (programming, object-oriented) The mechanism whereby parts of a superclass are available to instances of its subclass.


lexentry: eng/inheritance__Noun__1
written_rep: inheritance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: spadek
sense_list:
(countable) That which a person is entitled to inherit, by law or testament, such as the part of an estate (i.e., a portion).


lexentry: eng/inhuman__Adjective__1
written_rep: inhuman
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niehumanitarny | nieludzki
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to inhumanity and the indifferently cruel, sadistic or barbaric behavior it brings.


lexentry: eng/inion__Noun__1
written_rep: inion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: potylica
sense_list:
(anatomy) A small protuberance on the external surface of the back of the skull near the neck; the external occipital protuberance.


lexentry: eng/iniquity__Noun__1
written_rep: iniquity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niesprawiedliwość
sense_list:
(uncountable) Deviation from what is right; gross injustice, sin, wickedness. | (countable) An act of great injustice or unfairness; a sinful or wicked act; an unconscionable deed.


lexentry: eng/initial__Adjective__1
written_rep: initial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: początkowy
sense_list:
Spatially first, placed at the beginning, in the first position; especially said of the first letter of a word.


lexentry: eng/initial_public_offering__Noun__1
written_rep: initial public offering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pierwsza oferta publiczna
sense_list:
(business, finance) The first offering to members of the public of stock in a company, normally followed by a listing of that stock on a stock exchange.


lexentry: eng/initialism__Noun__1
written_rep: initialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: literowiec | skrótowiec literowy
sense_list:
(linguistics) A term formed from the initial letters of several words or parts of words, which is itself pronounced letter by letter.


lexentry: eng/initialize__Verb__1
written_rep: initialize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inicjalizować
sense_list:
To assign initial values to something. | (computing) To assign an initial value to a variable. | (somewhat, dated) To reduce (a phrase) to an initialism, or a word to its initial.


lexentry: eng/initials__Noun__2
written_rep: initials
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inicjały
sense_list:
An abbreviation of a person's name, constructed by taking the initial letters of first, last, and sometimes middle name(s). See monogram


lexentry: eng/initiation__Noun__1
written_rep: initiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: inicjacja
sense_list:
The form or ceremony by which a person is introduced into any society; mode of entrance into an organized body; especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or order.


lexentry: eng/initiative__Noun__1
written_rep: initiative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inicjatywa
sense_list:
A beginning; a first move. | A new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem.


lexentry: eng/injection__Noun__1
written_rep: injection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: iniekcja
sense_list:
(category theory) A morphism from either one of the two components of a coproduct to that coproduct. | (set theory) A function that maps distinct x in the domain to distinct y in the codomain; formally, a f: X → Y such that f(a) = f(b) implies a = b for any a, b in the domain.


lexentry: eng/injective__Adjective__1
written_rep: injective
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: różnowartościowa
sense_list:
(mathematics) Of, relating to, or being an injection: such that each element of the image (or range) is associated with at most one element of the preimage (or domain); inverse-deterministic


lexentry: eng/injunction__Noun__1
written_rep: injunction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nakaz sądowy
sense_list:
That which is enjoined; such as an order, mandate, decree, command, precept. | (legal) A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, in some cases, under statutes, by a court of law, whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.


lexentry: eng/injury_time__Noun__1
written_rep: injury time
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: doliczony czas
sense_list:
(sports) Additional time played after each period of a game in order to compensate for stoppages due to player injuries; loosely extended to include time added on to compensate for all types of stoppages, i.e. synonymous with stoppage time.


lexentry: eng/ink-pad__Noun__1
written_rep: ink-pad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poduszka do stempli
sense_list:
A piece of absorbent material, soaked with ink used for rubber stamps. The ink gets onto the stamp by pressing the stamp on the ink-pad.


lexentry: eng/inkjet_printer__Noun__1
written_rep: inkjet printer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atramentówka | drukarka atramentowa
sense_list:
(computer hardware) A device for the printing of documents which that operates by propelling tiny droplets of liquid ink onto paper.


lexentry: eng/inkling__Noun__1
written_rep: inkling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podejrzenie
sense_list:
Usually preceded by forms of to give: a slight hint, implication, or suggestion given., A vague idea about something.


lexentry: eng/inkwell__Noun__1
written_rep: inkwell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kałamarz
sense_list:
A container for ink, designed and usually positioned so that a person may conveniently dip a pen into it whenever a refill is needed.


lexentry: eng/inlay__Noun__1
written_rep: inlay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: miejsce
sense_list:
(dentistry) A filling for a tooth, made of ceramic or gold to fit the cavity and shape of tooth and cemented into place.


lexentry: eng/inlay__Verb__1
written_rep: inlay
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inkrustować
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) To place (pieces of a foreign material) within another material to form a decorative design.


lexentry: eng/inmate__Noun__1
written_rep: inmate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: współmieszkaniec
sense_list:
A person who shares a residence (such as a hotel guest, a lodger, or a student living on campus), or other place.


lexentry: eng/innards__Noun__2
written_rep: innards
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bebechy
sense_list:
The internal organs of a human or animal; especially viscera, intestines. | (figurative) The inner workings of something; the insides or guts.


lexentry: eng/inner__Adjective__1
written_rep: inner
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wewnętrzny
sense_list:
Being or occurring (farther) inside, situated farther in, located (situated) or happening on the inside of something, situated within or farther within contained within something.


lexentry: eng/inner_child__Noun__1
written_rep: inner child
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wewnętrzne dziecko
sense_list:
(psychology) The childlike aspect of a person's psyche, typically, the personality and the memories of one's childhood, especially in the context of coexisting with, and being suppressed by, an adult aspect of the person.


lexentry: eng/inner_circle__Noun__1
written_rep: inner circle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wewnętrzny krąg
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The group comprising one's closest friends or associates. | (idiomatic, business, government, politics) A small, exclusive group of people close to the center of power who control a movement, organization, political party, etc.


lexentry: eng/inner_city__Noun__1
written_rep: inner city
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: centrum
sense_list:
(urban studies) The parts of a large city closer to its core, especially older, populous areas of low-income or immigrant families as opposed to centrally located commercial areas.


lexentry: eng/inner_ear__Noun__1
written_rep: inner ear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ucho wewnętrzne
sense_list:
(anatomy) The portion of the ear located within the temporal bone which includes the semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea and is responsible for hearing and balance.


lexentry: eng/inner_emigration__Noun__1
written_rep: inner emigration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: emigracja wewnętrzna
sense_list:
(derogatory) The choice of some German writers to remain in Nazi Germany despite being opposed to Nazism.


lexentry: eng/inner_product__Noun__1
written_rep: inner product
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iloczyn skalarny
sense_list:
(linear algebra) A generalization of the dot product for vectors of any dimensionality that may or may not be complex-numbered.


lexentry: eng/inning__Noun__1
written_rep: inning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: raz
sense_list:
(baseball) A period of play in which members of a visiting baseball team attempt to hit a baseball pitched by the opposing home team until three players are called out, followed by a similar attempt by members of the home baseball team against the visiting team's pitching. There are nine or more innings in a regulation baseball game.


lexentry: eng/innocence__Noun__1
written_rep: innocence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niewinność
sense_list:
Absence of responsibility for a crime, tort, etc. | Lack of understanding about sensitive subjects such as sexuality and crime. | Lack of ability or intention to harm or damage.


lexentry: eng/innovation__Noun__1
written_rep: innovation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: innowacja
sense_list:
The act of innovating; the introduction of something new, in customs, rites, etc. | Something new, and contrary to established customs, manners, or rites.


lexentry: eng/inoculate__Verb__1
written_rep: inoculate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczepić
sense_list:
(transitive, immunology) To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease. [from c. 1722]


lexentry: eng/inoculation__Noun__1
written_rep: inoculation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczepienie
sense_list:
(immunology) The introduction of an antigenic substance or vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease.


lexentry: eng/inorganic_chemistry__Noun__1
written_rep: inorganic chemistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chemia nieorganiczna
sense_list:
(chemistry) The chemistry of the elements (including carbon), and those compounds that do not contain carbon.


lexentry: eng/inquiry__Noun__1
written_rep: inquiry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dochodzenie
sense_list:
The act of inquiring; a seeking of information by asking questions; interrogation; a question or questioning.


lexentry: eng/inquiry__Noun__1
written_rep: inquiry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: badanie
sense_list:
A search for truth, information, or knowledge; examination of facts or principles; research; investigation; inquest.


lexentry: eng/inroad__Noun__1
written_rep: inroad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: idea
sense_list:
(military, also, figuratively) An advance into enemy territory, an attempted invasion; an encroachment, an incursion.


lexentry: eng/insane__Adjective__1
written_rep: insane
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szaleńczy
sense_list:
Used by or relating to insane people. | (informal) Characterized by excess or the utmost folly; ridiculous; impractical.


lexentry: eng/insect__Noun__1
written_rep: insect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: owad | robak | insekt
sense_list:
An arthropod (in the Insecta class) characterized by six legs, up to four wings, and a chitinous exoskeleton.


lexentry: eng/insect__Noun__1
written_rep: insect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: owad | robak
sense_list:
(colloquial) Any small arthropod similar to an insect, including spiders, centipedes, millipedes, etc.


lexentry: eng/insemination__Noun__1
written_rep: insemination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zapłodnienie | zaplemnienie
sense_list:
The introduction of sperm into a female’s reproductive system for the purpose of impregnating (making pregnant).


lexentry: eng/insert__Noun__1
written_rep: insert
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wkładka | wrzutka
sense_list:
A promotional or instructive leaflet inserted into a magazine, newspaper, tape or disk package, etc.


lexentry: eng/inshallah__Interjection__1
written_rep: inshallah
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inszallah
sense_list:
(Islam) Expressing the speaker’s wish for a given future event to occur, and also generally their emphasis on its contingency upon the divine will.


lexentry: eng/inside__Adverb__1
written_rep: inside
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w środku | wewnątrz
sense_list:
Within or towards the interior of something; within the scope or limits of something (a place), especially a building.


lexentry: eng/insider_trading__Noun__1
written_rep: insider trading
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nielegalny handel akcjami
sense_list:
(business, finance, law) The illegal trading of a public company's stock or other securities based on material, nonpublic information about the company.


lexentry: eng/insight__Noun__1
written_rep: insight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: introspekcja
sense_list:
A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; frequently used with into.


lexentry: eng/insight__Noun__1
written_rep: insight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wgląd
sense_list:
Power of acute observation and deduction | (psychiatry) An individual's awareness of the nature and severity of one's mental illness.


lexentry: eng/insight__Noun__1
written_rep: insight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: idea
sense_list:
(marketing) Knowledge (usually derived from consumer understanding) that a company applies in order to make a product or brand perform better and be more appealing to customers | Intuitive apprehension of the inner nature of a thing or things; intuition.


lexentry: eng/insignia__Noun__1
written_rep: insignia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: insygnium
sense_list:
A symbol or token of personal power, status, or office, or of an official body of government or jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/insinuate__Verb__1
written_rep: insinuate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przypochlebiać się
sense_list:
(figurative, by extension) To ingratiate; to obtain access to or introduce something by subtle, cunning or artful means.


lexentry: eng/insist__Verb__1
written_rep: insist
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nalegać
sense_list:
(with (that + indicative), or, intransitive, with on or upon) To hold up a claim emphatically. | (sometimes, with (that + subjunctive), or, intransitive, with on or upon) To demand continually that something happen or be done; to reiterate a demand despite requests to abandon it.


lexentry: eng/insolation__Noun__1
written_rep: insolation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: insolacja | nasłonecznienie
sense_list:
The incident radiant energy emitted by the sun which reaches a unit area over a period of time, typically measured over a horizontal area at the Earth's surface or at the top of Earth's atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/insolvency__Noun__1
written_rep: insolvency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niewypłacalność | upadłość
sense_list:
(finance) The condition of being insolvent; the state or condition of a person who is insolvent; the condition of one who is unable to pay their debts as they fall due, or in the usual course of trade and business.


lexentry: eng/inspect__Verb__1
written_rep: inspect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: badać
sense_list:
To examine critically or carefully; especially, to search out problems or determine condition; to scrutinize.


lexentry: eng/inspector__Noun__1
written_rep: inspector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inspektor | inspektorka
sense_list:
A person employed to inspect something. | (law enforcement) A police officer ranking below superintendent.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: inspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wdech
sense_list:
(physiology, uncountable) The drawing of air into the lungs, accomplished in mammals by elevation of the chest walls and flattening of the diaphragm, as part of the act of breathing.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: inspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: natchnienie
sense_list:
A supernatural divine influence on the prophets, apostles, or sacred writers, by which they were qualified to communicate moral or religious truth with authority; a supernatural influence which qualifies people to receive and communicate divine truth; also, the truth communicated.


lexentry: eng/inspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: inspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: inspiracja | natchnienie
sense_list:
The act or process of an elevating or stimulating influence upon the intellect, emotions or creativity.


lexentry: eng/inspire__Verb__1
written_rep: inspire
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inspirować | zainspirować
sense_list:
(transitive) To infuse into the mind; to communicate to the spirit; to convey, as by a divine or supernatural influence; to disclose preternaturally; to produce in, as by inspiration.


lexentry: eng/installation__Noun__1
written_rep: installation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: instalacja | instalowanie | montaż
sense_list:
An act of installing. | Something installed, especially the whole of a system of machines, apparatus, and accessories, when set up and arranged for practical working, as in electric lighting, transmission of power, etc.


lexentry: eng/installer__Noun__1
written_rep: installer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: instalator
sense_list:
One who installs. | (computing) A program that installs software in a computer and prepares it for use.


lexentry: eng/installment__Noun__1
written_rep: installment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rata
sense_list:
(banking, finance) One member of a series of portions of a debt or sum of money, which portions may or may not be equated (depending in part on whether the interest rate is fixed or variable), payment of which portions are serially exacted at regularly scheduled intervals toward satisfaction of the total. Payments of installments are generally mensual, quarterly, triannual, biannual, or annual.


lexentry: eng/instance__Noun__1
written_rep: instance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: instancja
sense_list:
(computing) A specific occurrence of something that is created or instantiated, such as a database, or an object of a class in object-oriented programming. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/instant__Noun__1
written_rep: instant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: błyskawiczny
sense_list:
A beverage or food which has been pre-processed to reduce preparation time, especially instant coffee.


lexentry: eng/instant_coffee__Noun__1
written_rep: instant coffee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kawa rozpuszczalna
sense_list:
A beverage in the form of a powder, granules, or concentrated liquid, made from coffee and able to be quickly reconstituted by adding water.


lexentry: eng/instant_messenger__Noun__1
written_rep: instant messenger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: komunikator | komunikator internetowy
sense_list:
(communication, computing) A computer application which allows instant text communication between two or more people through a network or the Internet in its entirety.


lexentry: eng/instant_noodle__Noun__1
written_rep: instant noodle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zupa błyskawiczna | zupka chińska
sense_list:
(chiefly, in the plural) One of a mass of dried precooked noodles fused with oil, usually soaked in boiling water for a few minutes before being eaten.


lexentry: eng/instantaneous__Adjective__1
written_rep: instantaneous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chwilowy | momentalny
sense_list:
Occurring, arising, or functioning without any delay; happening within an imperceptibly brief period of time. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/instantiate__Verb__1
written_rep: instantiate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: egzemplifikować
sense_list:
(transitive) To represent#Verb (a concept#Noun, theme#Noun, or principle#Noun) by an instance#Noun. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/instar__Noun__1
written_rep: instar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: etap
sense_list:
Any one of the several stages of postembryonic development which an arthropod undergoes, between molts, before it reaches sexual maturity. | An arthropod at a specified one of these stages of development.


lexentry: eng/instigator__Noun__1
written_rep: instigator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podżegacz | podżegaczka
sense_list:
A person who intentionally instigates, incites, or starts something, especially one that creates trouble.


lexentry: eng/institute__Noun__1
written_rep: institute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: instytut
sense_list:
An organization founded to promote a cause | An institution of learning; a college, especially for technical subjects


lexentry: eng/institution__Noun__1
written_rep: institution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: instytucja
sense_list:
A long established and respected organization, particularly one involved with education, public service, or charity work.


lexentry: eng/instruction__Noun__1
written_rep: instruction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: instrukcja
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of instructing, teaching, or providing with information or knowledge. | (countable) An order or command.


lexentry: eng/instruction__Noun__1
written_rep: instruction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: instrukcję użytkowania
sense_list:
(in the plural) A set of directions provided by a manufacturer for the users of a product or service.


lexentry: eng/instruction_set__Noun__1
written_rep: instruction set
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zestaw instrukcji
sense_list:
(computing) The set of machine instructions that a particular CPU can execute; the corresponding set of assembly language mnemonics.


lexentry: eng/instrument__Noun__1
written_rep: instrument
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: instrument
sense_list:
A device used to produce music. | (legal) A legal document, such as a contract, deed, trust, mortgage, power, indenture, or will.


lexentry: eng/instrumental__Adjective__1
written_rep: instrumental
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: instrumentalny | narzędnikowy
sense_list:
(music) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for an instrument, especially a musical instrument (rather than the human voice). | (grammar) Applied to a case expressing means or agency, generally corresponding to the English use of prepositions such as by, with, through, or by means of with the objective case.


lexentry: eng/instrumental__Adjective__1
written_rep: instrumental
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: instrumentalny
sense_list:
(music) A pause in the vocals of a song, usually occurring midway through, in which a musical instrument replaces the vocals.


lexentry: eng/instrumental_case__Noun__1
written_rep: instrumental case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: narzędnik
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun case used to express means or agency—and is generally indicated in English by by or with with the objective. Languages that use the instrumental case include Armenian, Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Dyirbal, Georgian, Latvian, Slovene, Polish, Ukrainian, Quechua, Russian, Assamese, Tamil, Turkish and Sanskrit. Extinct languages that used the instrumental case include Old English, Old Saxon and Old High German.


lexentry: eng/insulate__Verb__1
written_rep: insulate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izolować
sense_list:
To separate, detach, or isolate. | To separate a body or material from others, e.g. by non-conductors to prevent the transfer of electricity, heat, etc.


lexentry: eng/insulation__Noun__1
written_rep: insulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: izolacja
sense_list:
(engineering) The act of separating a body from others by nonconductors, so as to prevent the transfer of electricity, heat, or sound


lexentry: eng/insulator__Noun__1
written_rep: insulator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izolator
sense_list:
A substance that does not transmit heat (thermal insulator), sound (acoustic insulator) or electricity (electrical insulator). | A non-conductive structure, coating or device that does not transmit sound, heat or electricity (see image)


lexentry: eng/insulin_shock_therapy__Noun__1
written_rep: insulin shock therapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leczenie wstrząsami insulinowymi
sense_list:
(medicine, psychiatry, dated) An outdated type of shock therapy effected by means of injecting an overdose of insulin.


lexentry: eng/insult__Noun__1
written_rep: insult
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zniewaga | obraza | wyzwisko | awania | urąganie
sense_list:
(uncountable) Action or form of speech deliberately intended to be rude; (countable) a particular act or statement having this effect.


lexentry: eng/insult__Verb__1
written_rep: insult
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obrażać | obrazić
sense_list:
(transitive) To be insensitive, insolent, or rude to (somebody); to affront or demean (someone). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/insurance__Noun__1
written_rep: insurance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ubezpieczenie
sense_list:
A means of indemnity against a future occurrence of an uncertain event. | The business of providing insurance.


lexentry: eng/insurance_fraud__Noun__1
written_rep: insurance fraud
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oszustwo ubezpieczeniowe
sense_list:
(legal) Receiving insurance policy-based compensation by deceitfully causing an event that, if it were accidental, would lead to a rightful claim for said compensation.


lexentry: eng/insurance_policy__Noun__1
written_rep: insurance policy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: polisa
sense_list:
(insurance) A legal document outlining a particular insurance cover for an insured entity for a given risk.


lexentry: eng/insure__Verb__1
written_rep: insure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ubezpieczać | ubezpieczyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To provide for compensation if some specified risk occurs. Often agreed by policy (contract) to offer financial compensation in case of an accident, theft or other undesirable event.


lexentry: eng/insurgent__Noun__1
written_rep: insurgent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rebeliant | rebeliantka
sense_list:
One of several people who take up arms against the local state authority; a participant in insurgency.


lexentry: eng/insurrection__Noun__1
written_rep: insurrection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: insurekcja | bunt
sense_list:
(uncountable) The action of part or all of a national population violently rising up against the government or other authority; (countable) an instance of this; a revolt, an uprising; specifically, one that is at an initial stage or limited in nature.


lexentry: eng/intaglio__Noun__1
written_rep: intaglio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intaglio
sense_list:
A design or piece of art which is engraved or etched into something. | (printing) Any printing method in which the ink is laid upon the sunken parts of the printing form.


lexentry: eng/intangible_asset__Noun__1
written_rep: intangible asset
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wartości niematerialne i prawne
sense_list:
(business, accounting) Any valuable property of a business that is not a physical by nature, including intellectual property, customer lists, and goodwill. Intangible assets may or may not be shown on the balance sheet.


lexentry: eng/integer__Noun__1
written_rep: integer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczba całkowita
sense_list:
(arithmetic) A number that is not a fraction; an element of the infinite and numerable set {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}.


lexentry: eng/integral__Noun__1
written_rep: integral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: całka | całka oznaczona
sense_list:
(mathematics) One of the two fundamental operations of calculus (the other being differentiation), whereby a function's displacement, area, volume, or other qualities arising from the study of infinitesimal change are quantified, usually defined as a limiting process on a sequence of partial sums. Denoted using a long s: ∫, or a variant thereof.


lexentry: eng/integral_calculus__Noun__1
written_rep: integral calculus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rachunek całkowy
sense_list:
(calculus) The calculus that generalizes summation to find areas, masses, volumes, sums, and totals of quantities described by continuously varying functions.


lexentry: eng/integral_domain__Noun__1
written_rep: integral domain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziedzina całkowitości
sense_list:
(algebra, ring theory) Any nonzero commutative ring in which the product of nonzero elements is nonzero. [from 1911]


lexentry: eng/integral_equation__Noun__1
written_rep: integral equation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równanie całkowe
sense_list:
(mathematics) An equation involving a function f(x) and integrals of that function to be solved for f(x)


lexentry: eng/integrate__Verb__1
written_rep: integrate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: integrować | całkować | scalać | scałkować
sense_list:
(mathematics, science, transitive) To subject to the operation of integration; to find the integral of an equation.


lexentry: eng/integrated_circuit__Noun__1
written_rep: integrated circuit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: układ scalony | scalak
sense_list:
(semiconductors) A thin chip, usually of silicon, consisting of at least two interconnected semiconductor devices, mainly transistors.


lexentry: eng/integration__Noun__1
written_rep: integration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: integracja
sense_list:
The act or process of making whole or entire. | (society) The process of fitting into a community, notably applied to minorities.


lexentry: eng/integration__Noun__1
written_rep: integration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: całkowanie
sense_list:
(biology) In evolution, the process by which the manifold is compacted into the relatively simple and permanent; supposed to alternate with differentiation as an agent in species' development.


lexentry: eng/integration_by_parts__Noun__1
written_rep: integration by parts
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: całkowanie przez części
sense_list:
(analysis) A method of integration directly related to the rule for differentiation of products; can be written as \int u\ dv = uv - \int v\ du.


lexentry: eng/integrative_medicine__Noun__1
written_rep: integrative medicine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: medycyna komplementarna
sense_list:
Synonym of complementary medicine; the unifying concept is of integrating alternative medicine and scientific medicine as two components that complement each other.


lexentry: eng/intellect__Noun__1
written_rep: intellect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intelekt | rozum | rozsądek
sense_list:
(uncountable) The faculty of thinking, judging, abstract reasoning, and conceptual understanding; the cognitive faculty.


lexentry: eng/intellectual_property__Noun__1
written_rep: intellectual property
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: własność intelektualna
sense_list:
(copyright law, uncountable) A kind of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect, such as patents, copyrights, and trademarks. | (copyright law, countable) Any individual work that is protected under intellectual property law.


lexentry: eng/intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: inteligencja | rozum | intelekt | rozsądek | um
sense_list:
(mostly, uncountable) The quality of making use or having made use of such capacities: depth of understanding, mental quickness.


lexentry: eng/intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: wywiad | inteligencja
sense_list:
(countable) A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.


lexentry: eng/intelligence_agency__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence agency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: służby specjalne
sense_list:
A governmental agency that is tasked with information gathering (known in the context as "intelligence") for purposes of national security and defense.


lexentry: eng/intelligence_quotient__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligence quotient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iloraz inteligencji
sense_list:
A score derived from one of several different standardized tests attempting to measure a person's intelligence relative to that of the general population, with the average usually calibrated to a number around 100.


lexentry: eng/intelligent__Adjective__1
written_rep: intelligent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inteligentny
sense_list:
Of high or especially quick cognitive capacity, bright. | Well thought-out, well considered. | Characterized by thoughtful interaction.


lexentry: eng/intelligent_design__Noun__1
written_rep: intelligent design
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: teoria inteligentnego projektu
sense_list:
The belief that biological life on Earth, or more broadly, the universe as a whole, was created by an intelligent agent (specified or unspecified) rather than being the result of undirected natural processes.


lexentry: eng/intend__Verb__1
written_rep: intend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zamierzać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, usually followed by particle "to" + verb, or "on"/"upon" + noun) To fix the mind upon (something, or something to be accomplished); be intent upon


lexentry: eng/intendment__Noun__1
written_rep: intendment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: legislator
sense_list:
(legal) the sense in which the legal system interprets something, especially the intention of legislation


lexentry: eng/intensive__Adjective__1
written_rep: intensive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intensywny
sense_list:
Done with intensity or to a great degree; thorough. | Chiefly suffixed to a noun: using something with intensity; requiring a great amount of something; demanding.


lexentry: eng/intensive_care__Noun__1
written_rep: intensive care
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intensywna opieka medyczna
sense_list:
(medicine) The support and monitoring of critically ill patients, especially by the use of instrumentation and specialized staff and equipment.


lexentry: eng/intensive_care_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: intensive care unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oddział intensywnej terapii | OIOM | oddział intensywnej opieki medycznej
sense_list:
A part of a hospital into which critically ill patients, in danger of dying, are admitted and closely monitored.


lexentry: eng/intentionality__Noun__1
written_rep: intentionality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: intencjonalność
sense_list:
(philosophy) The characteristic of a mental state whereby it is about something, which relates to mental states in an analogous way as meaning relates to a word.


lexentry: eng/inter-__Prefix__1
written_rep: inter-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: inter- | między-
sense_list:
Intermittently: the root verb is done between or among temporal entities; also forming nouns and adjectives derived from the verb form. | Internally: the root verb is done in between or among relevant entities; also forming nouns and adjectives derived from the verb form. | Intersocially: the root verb is done between or among social entities; also forming nouns and adjectives derived from the verb form. | Interspatially: the root verb is done between or among spatial entities; also forming nouns and adjectives derived from the verb form. | Communal: a kind of the root which is shared among people.


lexentry: eng/interaction__Noun__1
written_rep: interaction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interakcja | oddziaływanie
sense_list:
The situation or occurrence in which two or more objects or events act upon one another to produce a new effect; the effect resulting from such a situation or occurrence.


lexentry: eng/interactive__Adjective__1
written_rep: interactive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interaktywny
sense_list:
Interacting with or communicating with and reacting to each other; influencing or having an effect on each other; acting or capable of acting on each other or with the other.


lexentry: eng/intercalary__Adjective__1
written_rep: intercalary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przestępny
sense_list:
(botany) of a meristem: situated between zones of permanent tissue, thus a shoot growing at the base of a leaf, in comparison with apical growth at the tip of a root or plant.


lexentry: eng/intercept__Verb__1
written_rep: intercept
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przechwycić
sense_list:
(transitive) To stop, deflect or divert (something in progress or motion). | (transitive, American football) Of a defensive player: to steal a pass thrown by the opposing team, gaining possession of the ball. | (transitive, sports) To gain possession of (the ball) in a ball game.


lexentry: eng/intercession__Noun__1
written_rep: intercession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wstawiennictwo
sense_list:
A prayer to God on behalf of another person; especially, such a prayer offered by a heavenly saint on behalf of a mere mortal who has prayed to the saint for such help.


lexentry: eng/interchange__Noun__1
written_rep: interchange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: węzel
sense_list:
(countable) A junction in which traffic may merge to enter or diverge to exit a limited-access highway to access a surface street, without crossing traffic on the main highway.


lexentry: eng/interchange__Noun__1
written_rep: interchange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: rozjazd | węzel
sense_list:
(rail transport, countable) A connection between two or more lines, services or modes of transport; a station at which such a connection can be made.


lexentry: eng/intercontinental_ballistic_missile__Noun__1
written_rep: intercontinental ballistic missile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: międzykontynentalny pocisk balistyczny
sense_list:
(military, rocketry) A class of long-range missiles associated especially with carrying nuclear warheads.


lexentry: eng/interdict__Noun__1
written_rep: interdict
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakazany
sense_list:
A papal decree prohibiting the administration of the sacraments from a political entity under the power of a single person (e.g., a king or an oligarchy with similar powers). Extreme unction/Anointing of the Sick is excepted.


lexentry: eng/interdict__Verb__1
written_rep: interdict
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: zabraniać
sense_list:
(transitive, US, military) To impede (an enemy); to interrupt or destroy (enemy communications, supply lines etc). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/interdisciplinary__Adjective__1
written_rep: interdisciplinary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to multiple distinct academic disciplines or fields of study. | Of or pertaining to a linkage between multiple distinct academic disciplines or fields of study.

trans_list:
interdyscyplinarny | międzydyscyplinarny | różnokierunkowy | wielodziedzinowy | wielostronny | wielowymiarowy


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odsetka | odsetek
sense_list:
(uncountable, finance) The price paid for obtaining, or price received for providing, money or goods in a credit transaction, calculated as a fraction of the amount or value of what was borrowed. [from earlier 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zainteresowanie
sense_list:
(uncountable) A great attention and concern from someone or something; intellectual curiosity. [from later 18th c.] | (uncountable) Attention that is given to or received from someone or something.


lexentry: eng/interest__Noun__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: interesy | zainteresowanie
sense_list:
(countable) An involvement, claim, right, share, stake in or link with a financial, business, or other undertaking or endeavor.


lexentry: eng/interest__Verb__1
written_rep: interest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: interesować | ciekawić | zainteresować | zajmować | zaciekawiać | zaciekawić
sense_list:
(obsolete, often, _, impersonal) To be concerned with or engaged in; to affect; to concern; to excite.


lexentry: eng/interest_rate__Noun__1
written_rep: interest rate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stopa procentowa
sense_list:
(finance) The percentage of an amount of money charged for its use per some period of time (often a year).


lexentry: eng/interface__Noun__1
written_rep: interface
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: styk | interfejs
sense_list:
The point of interconnection or contact between entities. | (object-oriented programming) In some languages, a block of code declaring the interface (point of interconnection) between a class and code that interacts with it.


lexentry: eng/interface__Noun__1
written_rep: interface
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: granica międzyfazowa
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) A thin layer or boundary between different substances or two phases of a single substance.


lexentry: eng/interface__Noun__1
written_rep: interface
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: interfejs | międzymordzie
sense_list:
(object-oriented) The connection between parts of software; also the public or published sections of an object or module, | (object-oriented) In object-oriented programming, a piece of code defining a set of operations that other code must implement.


lexentry: eng/interference__Noun__1
written_rep: interference
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: przesłona
sense_list:
(chess) The interruption of the line between an attacked piece and its defender by sacrificially interposing a piece.


lexentry: eng/interferometer__Noun__1
written_rep: interferometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interferometr
sense_list:
(physics) Any of several instruments that use the interference of waves to determine wavelengths and wave velocities, determine refractive indices, measure small distances, temperature changes, stresses, and many other useful measurements.


lexentry: eng/interferon__Noun__1
written_rep: interferon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interferon
sense_list:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of glycoproteins, produced by the immune system, that prevent viral replication in infected cells.


lexentry: eng/interfix__Noun__1
written_rep: interfix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: międzyrostek
sense_list:
(linguistic morphology) An empty morph inserted between two morphemes in the process of word formation, such as English -i- and -o-.


lexentry: eng/interject__Verb__1
written_rep: interject
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: włożyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To insert something between other things. | (intransitive) To interpose oneself; to intervene.


lexentry: eng/interjection__Noun__1
written_rep: interjection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykrzyknik
sense_list:
(grammar) An exclamation or filled pause; a word or phrase with no particular grammatical relation to a sentence, often an expression of emotion.


lexentry: eng/interlanguage__Noun__1
written_rep: interlanguage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interjęzyk
sense_list:
A language generated by a student of a foreign language that incorporates aspects of their native language and the target language.


lexentry: eng/interleave__Verb__1
written_rep: interleave
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przeplatać
sense_list:
(transitive) To intersperse (something) at regular intervals between the parts of a thing or between items in a group.


lexentry: eng/interlingual__Adjective__1
written_rep: interlingual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: międzyjęzyczny | międzyjęzykowy
sense_list:
(linguistics, translation studies) Spanning multiple languages; having a multilingual flair or quality.


lexentry: eng/interlocking__Noun__1
written_rep: interlocking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nastawnia
sense_list:
(rail) An arrangement of signal apparatus that prevents conflicting movements through a set of intersecting tracks, such as junctions or crossings.


lexentry: eng/interloper__Noun__1
written_rep: interloper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: natręt
sense_list:
One who interferes, intrudes or gets involved where not welcome, particularly a self-interested intruder.


lexentry: eng/interlude__Noun__1
written_rep: interlude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: interludium | intermedium | intermezzo | wstawka
sense_list:
An entertainment between the acts of a play. | (music) A short piece put between the parts of a longer composition.


lexentry: eng/intermezzo__Noun__1
written_rep: intermezzo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interludium | intermedium | intermezzo | wstawka
sense_list:
(music, arts) A short piece of music or act in the interval of the main spectacle; a theatrical interlude.


lexentry: eng/intermission__Noun__1
written_rep: intermission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antrakt
sense_list:
A break, especially between two performances or sessions, such as at a concert, play, seminar, or religious assembly.


lexentry: eng/intermittent__Adjective__1
written_rep: intermittent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: okresowy
sense_list:
(specifically, geology, of a body of water) Existing only for certain seasons; that is, being dry for part of the year.


lexentry: eng/internal_combustion_engine__Noun__1
written_rep: internal combustion engine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: silnik o spalaniu wewnętrznym
sense_list:
A heat engine in which intermittent or the continuous burning of a fuel takes place inside a combustion chamber; the resulting pressurized gas acts directly on the engine to do useful work, such as a piston engine, gas turbine, jet engine or rocket.


lexentry: eng/internal_monologue__Noun__1
written_rep: internal monologue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: monolog wewnętrzny
sense_list:
(communications, psychology) The inner voice of a person which provides a running verbal monologue of their thoughts, important in planning, problem solving, self-reflection, etc. | (literature) A representation of someone's thoughts as articulated.


lexentry: eng/internal_occipital_protuberance__Noun__1
written_rep: internal occipital protuberance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: guz potyliczny wewnętrzny
sense_list:
(skeleton) A prominence on the inner surface of the occipital bone between the upper border and the foramen magnum.


lexentry: eng/international__Adjective__1
written_rep: international
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: międzynarodowy | internacjonalny
sense_list:
common to, or affecting, two or more nations. | Of or concerning the association called the International.


lexentry: eng/international_law__Noun__1
written_rep: international law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawo międzynarodowe
sense_list:
Set of rules generally regarded and accepted as binding in relations between states and between nations, serving as a framework for the practice of stable and organized international relations.


lexentry: eng/international_organization__Noun__1
written_rep: international organization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: organizacja międzynarodowa
sense_list:
(international law) An organisation established by a treaty or other instrument governed by international law and possessing its own international legal personality.


lexentry: eng/international_waters__Noun__1
written_rep: international waters
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wody międzynarodowe
sense_list:
(international law) Those parts of the ocean that are not legally recognized as being under the jurisdiction of any national government.


lexentry: eng/internationalism__Noun__1
written_rep: internationalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: internacjonalizm
sense_list:
(politics) Political, economic and cultural cooperation between nations. | (linguistics) A loanword that occurs in several languages with the same or similar meaning and etymology.


lexentry: eng/internment_camp__Noun__1
written_rep: internment camp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obóz dla internowanych
sense_list:
(euphemism) a concentration camp, especially a non-Nazi one from before or during WWII; a detention center; a relocation camp.


lexentry: eng/interoperability__Noun__1
written_rep: interoperability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interoperacyjność
sense_list:
The capability of a product or system, to interact and function with others reciprocally. | (military) The capacity for a service, piece of equipment etc., to be operated by different forces or groups.


lexentry: eng/interpellate__Verb__1
written_rep: interpellate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: interpelować
sense_list:
(transitive, chiefly, politics) To question (someone) formally concerning official or governmental policy or business.


lexentry: eng/interpellation__Noun__1
written_rep: interpellation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interpelacja
sense_list:
(politics) The act of interpellating (questioning); the period in which government officials are questioned about and explain an act, a policy or a point raised during a debate.


lexentry: eng/interphase__Noun__1
written_rep: interphase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interfaza
sense_list:
(biology) The stage in the life cycle of a cell between two successive mitotic or meiotic divisions.


lexentry: eng/interpolate__Verb__1
written_rep: interpolate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interpolować
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To introduce (something) between other things; especially to insert (possibly spurious) words into a text.


lexentry: eng/interposition__Noun__1
written_rep: interposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mediacja
sense_list:
The act of interposing, or the state of being interposed; a being, placing, or coming between; mediation.


lexentry: eng/interpret__Verb__1
written_rep: interpret
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: interpretować | zinterpretować
sense_list:
To explain or tell the meaning of; to translate orally into intelligible or familiar language or terms. applied especially to language, but also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries, etc.


lexentry: eng/interpretation__Noun__1
written_rep: interpretation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: tłumaczenie
sense_list:
(uncountable, linguistics, translation studies) The discipline or study of translating one spoken or signed language into another (as opposed to translation, which concerns itself with written language).


lexentry: eng/interpreter__Noun__1
written_rep: interpreter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interpreter | tłumacz
sense_list:
(computing) A program that converts commands into machine language in real time rather than compiling it in advance. [1954]


lexentry: eng/interpreter__Noun__1
written_rep: interpreter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tłumacz | tłumaczka | tłumacz ustny | tłumacz symultaniczny
sense_list:
(music, theater) A performer who presents a piece of art in a distinct style, particularly so as to make older works relevant to their audience.


lexentry: eng/interregnum__Noun__1
written_rep: interregnum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezkrólewie | interregnum | międzykrólewie
sense_list:
The period of time between the end of a sovereign or political leader's reign and the accession of another.


lexentry: eng/interrogative_pronoun__Noun__1
written_rep: interrogative pronoun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaimek pytajny
sense_list:
(grammar) A pronoun used in a question. In English, the five interrogative pronouns are what, which, who, whom, and whose (also used as relative pronouns). These require no antecedent.


lexentry: eng/interrupt__Noun__1
written_rep: interrupt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przerwanie
sense_list:
(computing, electronics) An event that causes a computer or other device to temporarily cease what it was doing and attend to a condition.


lexentry: eng/interrupt__Verb__1
written_rep: interrupt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przerwać | przerywać | wtrącać się | wtrącić się
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To disturb or halt (an ongoing process or action, or the person performing it) by interfering suddenly, especially by speaking.


lexentry: eng/intersection__Noun__1
written_rep: intersection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: punkt przecięcia
sense_list:
(geometry) The point or set of points common to two geometrical objects (such as the point where two lines meet or the line where two planes intersect).


lexentry: eng/intersex__Adjective__1
written_rep: intersex
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interpłciowa | interpłciowe | interpłciowy
sense_list:
Of an individual, having any of a variety of inherent conditions (in a species with distinct sexes) in which one's sex characteristics differ from those of a typical male and female; for example, having sex characteristics relating to both male and female sexes.


lexentry: eng/intersexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: intersexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interpłciowość
sense_list:
The state of having the physical features of both sexes, or of having ambiguous sex, i.e. not unambiguously male or female.


lexentry: eng/interstate__Adverb__1
written_rep: interstate
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: międzystanowy
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, and, Australia) Crossing states (usually provincial state, but also e.g. multinational sense).


lexentry: eng/interstice__Noun__1
written_rep: interstice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biec
sense_list:
A small opening or space between objects, especially adjacent objects or objects set closely together, such as between cords in a rope, components of a multiconductor electrical cable or atoms in a crystal.


lexentry: eng/interstice__Noun__1
written_rep: interstice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pauza
sense_list:
An interval of time required by the Roman Catholic Church between the attainment of different degrees of an order.


lexentry: eng/interval__Noun__1
written_rep: interval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: interwał
sense_list:
A period of time. | (music) The difference (a ratio or logarithmic measure) in pitch between two notes, often referring to those two pitches themselves (otherwise known as a dyad).


lexentry: eng/intervene__Verb__1
written_rep: intervene
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: przerwać | przerywać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To say (something) in the middle of a conversation or discussion between other people, or to respond to a situation involving other people.


lexentry: eng/interview__Noun__1
written_rep: interview
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wywiad | interview
sense_list:
A conversation in person (or, by extension, over the telephone, Internet etc.) between a journalist and someone whose opinion or statements he or she wishes to record for publication, broadcast etc. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/interwar__Adjective__1
written_rep: interwar
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: międzywojenny
sense_list:
During or relating to the period of time between two wars, especially the two World Wars (1919–1939).


lexentry: eng/intestine__Noun__1
written_rep: intestine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jelito | kiszka | trzewo
sense_list:
(anatomy, often pluralized) The alimentary canal of an animal through which food passes after having passed all stomachs.


lexentry: eng/intestine__Noun__1
written_rep: intestine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: jelito
sense_list:
One of certain subdivisions of this part of the alimentary canal, such as the small or large intestine in human beings.


lexentry: eng/intifada__Noun__1
written_rep: intifada
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intifada
sense_list:
An insurrection; a usually violent attempt to take control of a government. | (often, capitalized) The Palestinian uprisings against Israel. | An uprising, resistant struggle, or rebellious protest.


lexentry: eng/intimacy__Noun__1
written_rep: intimacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bliskość | intymność
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) Feeling or atmosphere of closeness and openness towards someone else, often but not necessarily involving sexuality.


lexentry: eng/intimidate__Verb__1
written_rep: intimidate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zastraszyć | zastraszać
sense_list:
(transitive) To make timid or afraid; to cause to feel fear or nervousness; to deter, especially by threats of violence.


lexentry: eng/into__Preposition__1
written_rep: into
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: dzielony przez | po rozpoczęciu
sense_list:
(mathematics) Expressing the operation of division, with the denominator given first. Usually with "goes".


lexentry: eng/intolerance__Noun__1
written_rep: intolerance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nietolerancja
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being intolerant. | (countable, medicine) Extreme sensitivity to a food or drug; of a food that is generally considered edible, an individual inability to digest it.


lexentry: eng/intolerant__Adjective__1
written_rep: intolerant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nietolerancyjny | nietolerujący
sense_list:
Not tolerant; close-minded about new or different ideas; indisposed to tolerate contrary opinions or beliefs; impatient of dissent or opposition; denying or refusing the right of private opinion or choice in others; inclined to persecute or suppress dissent.


lexentry: eng/intonation__Noun__1
written_rep: intonation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intonacja
sense_list:
(linguistics) The rise and fall of the voice in speaking. | Singing or playing in good tune or otherwise. | Reciting in a musical prolonged tone; intonating or singing of the opening phrase of a plain-chant, psalm, or canticle by a single voice, as of a priest.


lexentry: eng/intractable__Adjective__1
written_rep: intractable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: trudny
sense_list:
(maths) (of a mathematical problem) Not able to be solved in polynomial time; too difficult to attempt to solve.


lexentry: eng/intrauterine_device__Noun__1
written_rep: intrauterine device
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spirala | wkładka
sense_list:
A contraceptive device consisting of a spiral or similar shape of plastic or metal inserted through the vagina into the uterus in order to prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg.


lexentry: eng/intrigue__Noun__1
written_rep: intrigue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intryga
sense_list:
A complicated or clandestine plot or scheme intended to effect some purpose by secret artifice; conspiracy; stratagem.


lexentry: eng/intrigue__Noun__1
written_rep: intrigue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: fabuła
sense_list:
The plot of a play, poem or romance; the series of complications in which a writer involves their imaginary characters.


lexentry: eng/intrinsic_motivation__Noun__1
written_rep: intrinsic motivation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wewnętrzna motywacja
sense_list:
(psychology) The incentive to undertake an activity based on the expected enjoyment of the activity itself, rather than external benefits that might result.


lexentry: eng/intrinsic_value__Noun__1
written_rep: intrinsic value
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wartość wewnętrzna
sense_list:
(finance, economics) The real value of something, calculated with regard to an inherent, objective measure, which may not take into account its market value or face value.


lexentry: eng/introit__Noun__1
written_rep: introit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: introit
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism, music) A prayer, typically part of a psalm or other portion of the Bible, read or sung at the start of Mass while or immediately after the priest ascends to the altar.


lexentry: eng/introjection__Noun__1
written_rep: introjection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: introjekcja
sense_list:
(psychology) The process whereby the ideas of another are unconsciously incorporated into one's own psyche.


lexentry: eng/intron__Noun__1
written_rep: intron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intron
sense_list:
(genetics) A portion of a split gene that is included in pre-RNA transcripts but is removed during RNA processing and rapidly degraded.


lexentry: eng/introspection__Noun__1
written_rep: introspection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: introspekcja | autoanaliza | samoanaliza
sense_list:
(psychology) A looking inward; specifically, the act or process of self-examination, or inspection of one's own thoughts and feelings; the cognition which the mind has of its own acts and states.


lexentry: eng/intrude__Verb__1
written_rep: intrude
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeszkadzać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To thrust oneself in; to come or enter without invitation, permission, or welcome; to encroach; to trespass.


lexentry: eng/intrusive__Adjective__1
written_rep: intrusive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: natrętny
sense_list:
Tending to intrude; doing that which is not welcome; interrupting or disturbing; entering without permission or welcome.


lexentry: eng/intubation__Noun__1
written_rep: intubation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intubacja
sense_list:
(medicine) The introduction of a tube into an organ to keep it open, as into the larynx in cases of croup.


lexentry: eng/intuition__Noun__1
written_rep: intuition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intuicja
sense_list:
Immediate cognition without the use of conscious rational processes. | A perceptive insight gained by the use of this faculty.


lexentry: eng/intuitionistic_logic__Noun__1
written_rep: intuitionistic logic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: logika intuicjonistyczna
sense_list:
(mathematics, logic) A type of logic which rejects the axiom law of excluded middle or, equivalently, the law of double negation and/or Peirce's law. It is the foundation of intuitionism.


lexentry: eng/inula__Noun__1
written_rep: inula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oman
sense_list:
Any of several plants of the genus Inula, such as elecampane. | The dried root of such a plant used as a stimulant.


lexentry: eng/inulin__Noun__1
written_rep: inulin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inulina
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) A polysaccharide found in the roots and tubers of certain plants, especially the Compositae; it is mostly a polymer of fructose.


lexentry: eng/invalid__Noun__1
written_rep: invalid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inwalida | inwalidka
sense_list:
(dated, sometimes, offensive) Any person with a disability or illness. | (dated, sometimes, offensive) A person who is confined to home or bed because of illness, disability or injury; one who is too sick or weak to care for themselves.


lexentry: eng/invasion__Noun__1
written_rep: invasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inwazja
sense_list:
A military action consisting of armed forces of one geopolitical entity entering territory controlled by another such entity, generally with the objective of conquering territory or altering the established government.


lexentry: eng/invasive__Adjective__1
written_rep: invasive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: inwazyjny
sense_list:
(military, also, figuratively) That invades a foreign country using military force; also, militarily aggressive. | (biology) Of an animal or plant: that grows (especially uncontrollably) in environments which do not harbour natural enemies, often to the detriment of native species or of food or garden flora and fauna. | (medicine, surgery) Of a procedure: involving the entry of an instrument into part of the body.


lexentry: eng/invasive_species__Noun__1
written_rep: invasive species
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gatunek inwazyjny
sense_list:
(biology) Any species that has been introduced to an environment where it is not native, and that has since become a nuisance through rapid spread and increase in numbers, often to the detriment of native species.


lexentry: eng/inveigh__Verb__1
written_rep: inveigh
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: besztać
sense_list:
(intransitive, with against or occasionally about, formerly also with on, at, upon) To complain loudly, to give voice to one's censure or criticism [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/invention__Noun__1
written_rep: invention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wynalazek
sense_list:
Something invented. | (music) A small, self-contained composition, particularly those in J.S. Bach’s Two- and Three-part Inventions.


lexentry: eng/inventive__Adjective__1
written_rep: inventive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pomysłowy | wynalazczy
sense_list:
Possessed of a particular capacity for the design of new mechanisms or processes, creative or skilful at inventing.


lexentry: eng/inventory__Noun__1
written_rep: inventory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: inwentarz
sense_list:
(operations) A detailed list of all of the items on hand. | (operations) The process of producing or updating such a list.


lexentry: eng/inverse__Noun__1
written_rep: inverse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: przeciwieństwo
sense_list:
(card games) The winning of the coup in a game of rouge et noir by a card of a color different from that first dealt; the area of the table reserved for bets upon such an outcome.


lexentry: eng/inverse_function__Noun__1
written_rep: inverse function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: funkcja odwrotna
sense_list:
(mathematics) For a given function f, another function, denoted f−1, that reverses the mapping action of f; (formally) given a function f: X\rightarrow Y, a function g: Y\rightarrow X such that, \forall x\in X,\ f(x) = y \implies g(y)=x.


lexentry: eng/inversion__Noun__1
written_rep: inversion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: odwrócenie
sense_list:
(music) The reversal of an interval; the move of one pitch in an interval up or down an octave. | (music) The position of a chord which has a note other than the root as its bass note. | (music) The flipping of a melody or contrapuntal line so that high notes become low and vice versa; the reversal of a pitch contour. | (grammar) Deviation from standard word order, as for example by putting the predicate before the subject. It takes place in questions with auxiliary verbs; in normal, affirmative clauses beginning with a negative particle, for the purpose of emphasis; and in other rhetorical devices or unusual situations.


lexentry: eng/inversive_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: inversive geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: geometria inwersyjna
sense_list:
(geometry) The branch of geometry concerned with inversion transformations, specifically circle inversions in the Euclidean plane, but also as generalised in non-Euclidean and higher-dimensional spaces.


lexentry: eng/inverted__Adjective__1
written_rep: inverted
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odwrotny
sense_list:
Having the order or direction changed; for example, turned upside down, reversed, or in any other way opposite or contrary.


lexentry: eng/invertible_matrix__Noun__1
written_rep: invertible matrix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: macierz odwrotna
sense_list:
(linear algebra) Any n×n square matrix for which there exists a corresponding inverse matrix (i.e., a second (or possibly the same) matrix such that when the two are multiplied by each other, in either order, the result is the n×n identity matrix).


lexentry: eng/invest__Verb__1
written_rep: invest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inwestować
sense_list:
To spend money, time, or energy on something, especially for some benefit or purpose; used with in. | (intransitive) To cause to be involved in; to cause to form strong attachments to.


lexentry: eng/investigation__Noun__1
written_rep: investigation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: śledztwo | dochodzenie
sense_list:
The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research, especially patient or thorough inquiry or examination


lexentry: eng/investigative_journalism__Noun__1
written_rep: investigative journalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziennikarstwo śledcze
sense_list:
A form of journalism in which the reporter deeply investigates a single topic of interest, often involving crime or corruption.


lexentry: eng/investment__Noun__1
written_rep: investment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inwestycja
sense_list:
The act of investing, or state of being invested. | (finance) A placement of capital in expectation of deriving income or profit from its use or appreciation.


lexentry: eng/investment_bank__Noun__1
written_rep: investment bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bank inwestycyjny
sense_list:
(banking, finance) A financial institution that deals with raising capital, trading in securities and managing corporate mergers and acquisitions.


lexentry: eng/investment_fund__Noun__1
written_rep: investment fund
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fundusz inwestycyjny
sense_list:
(finance) A fund consisting of investments made by a group of people and managed by a professional investment manager.


lexentry: eng/invisible_hand__Noun__1
written_rep: invisible hand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niewidzialna ręka rynku
sense_list:
(economics) A metaphor for the principle that in a free market, an individual pursuing his own self-interest also tends to promote the good of his community as a whole.


lexentry: eng/invisible_ink__Noun__1
written_rep: invisible ink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atrament sympatyczny
sense_list:
An ink, invisible on application or soon thereafter, that can later be rendered visible by some process, such as exposing it to heat.


lexentry: eng/invitation__Noun__1
written_rep: invitation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaproszenie
sense_list:
The act of inviting; solicitation; the requesting of a person's company. | (bridge) A bid that tells one's partner that game or slam is likely if their hand is at the strong end of what they have indicated.


lexentry: eng/invocation__Noun__1
written_rep: invocation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inwokacja
sense_list:
The act or form of calling for the assistance or presence of some superior being, especially prayer offered to a divine being.


lexentry: eng/invoice__Noun__1
written_rep: invoice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: faktura
sense_list:
A bill; a commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer indicating the products, quantities and agreed prices for products or services that the seller has already provided the buyer with. An invoice indicates that, unless paid in advance, payment is due by the buyer to the seller, according to the agreed terms.


lexentry: eng/involuntary__Adjective__1
written_rep: involuntary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mimowolny
sense_list:
Without intention; unintentional. | Not voluntary or willing; contrary or opposed to explicit will or desire; unwilling.


lexentry: eng/involution__Noun__1
written_rep: involution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: inwolucja
sense_list:
(mathematics) An endofunction whose square is equal to the identity function; a function equal to its inverse.


lexentry: eng/involve__Verb__1
written_rep: involve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: angażować | zaangażować
sense_list:
To cause or engage (someone or something) to become connected or implicated, or to participate, in some activity or situation.


lexentry: eng/involved__Adjective__1
written_rep: involved
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zaangażowany | zainteresowany
sense_list:
Associated with others, be a participant or make someone be a participant (in a crime, process, etc.)


lexentry: eng/iodometry__Noun__1
written_rep: iodometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jodometria
sense_list:
(chemistry) An analytical technique that uses the sudden disappearance (or appearance) of iodine to mark the end of a redox titration


lexentry: eng/ion__Noun__1
written_rep: ion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jon
sense_list:
An atom or group of atoms bearing an electrical charge, such as the sodium and chlorine atoms in a salt solution.


lexentry: eng/ion_channel__Noun__1
written_rep: ion channel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kanał jonowy
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A protein complex or single protein that spans between both sides of a cell membrane and allows specific ions to pass through.


lexentry: eng/ionic_bond__Noun__1
written_rep: ionic bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiązanie jonowe
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) A type of chemical bond where two atoms or molecules are connected to each other by electrostatic attraction.


lexentry: eng/ionization__Noun__1
written_rep: ionization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jonizacja
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) Any process that leads to the dissociation of a neutral atom or molecule into charged particles ions; the state of being ionized.


lexentry: eng/ionize__Verb__1
written_rep: ionize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jonizować | zjonizować
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) To dissociate atoms or molecules into electrically charged species; to be thus dissociated.


lexentry: eng/ionosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: ionosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jonosfera
sense_list:
The part of the Earth's atmosphere beginning at an altitude of about 50 kilometers (31 miles) and extending outward 500 kilometers (310 miles) or more. | The similar region of the atmosphere of another planet.


lexentry: eng/iota__Noun__1
written_rep: iota
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jota
sense_list:
The ninth letter of the Greek alphabet (Ι, ι). | (negative polarity) A jot; a very small, insignificant quantity.


lexentry: eng/iridescence__Noun__1
written_rep: iridescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iryzacja | tęczowanie
sense_list:
The condition or state of being iridescent; exhibition of colors like those of the rainbow; a prismatic play of color.


lexentry: eng/iridium__Noun__1
written_rep: iridium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iryd
sense_list:
(uncountable) A chemical element (symbol Ir) with an atomic number of 77: a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group.


lexentry: eng/iris__Noun__1
written_rep: iris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kosaciec | irys | tęczówka
sense_list:
(botany) A plant of the genus Iris, common in the northern hemisphere, and generally having attractive blooms (See w:Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/iris__Noun__1
written_rep: iris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: tęczówka | kosaciec
sense_list:
(anatomy) The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil, which adjusts to control the amount of light reaching the retina, and which forms the colored portion of the eye (See w:Iris (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/irksome__Adjective__1
written_rep: irksome
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieprzyjemny
sense_list:
Marked by irritation or annoyance; disagreeable; troublesome by reason of long continuance or repetition


lexentry: eng/iron__Noun__1
written_rep: iron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żelazo
sense_list:
(uncountable) A common, inexpensive metal, silvery grey when untarnished, that rusts, is attracted by magnets, and is used in making steel: a chemical element having atomic number 26 and symbol Fe. | (golf) A golf club used for middle-distance shots.


lexentry: eng/iron__Verb__1
written_rep: iron
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prasować | uprasować | wyprasować
sense_list:
(transitive) To pass an iron over (clothing or some other item made of cloth) in order to remove creases.


lexentry: eng/iron_curtain__Noun__1
written_rep: iron curtain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żelazna kurtyna
sense_list:
(theater) A barrier made of iron in a theatre, lowered between the stage and the auditorium for safety or to prevent communication. | (figurative) Any impenetrable barrier.


lexentry: eng/iron_filings__Noun__1
written_rep: iron filings
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opiłki żelaza
sense_list:
small fragments of iron, filed from a bar; used to visualize the presence of a magnetic field, and as a food additive


lexentry: eng/iron_oxide__Noun__1
written_rep: iron oxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tlenek żelaza
sense_list:
(chemistry) Either of two compounds obtained by the reaction of oxygen on iron. Generally known as rust when hydrated.


lexentry: eng/ironing_board__Noun__1
written_rep: ironing board
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: deska do prasowania | deska do prasowania
sense_list:
A long board, often covered with fabric and having on legs that are usually collapsible, on which one can iron clothes.


lexentry: eng/irony__Noun__1
written_rep: irony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ironia
sense_list:
(rhetoric) The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context. | (informal) Contradiction between circumstances and expectations; condition contrary to what might be expected. [from the 1640s]


lexentry: eng/irradiate__Verb__1
written_rep: irradiate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: napromieniować | napromieniowywać
sense_list:
(often, literary, or, poetic) To make (someone or something) bright by shining light on them or it; to brighten, to illuminate.


lexentry: eng/irrational__Adjective__1
written_rep: irrational
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: niewymierny | irracjonalny
sense_list:
(mathematics, arithmetic, number theory, not comparable) Of a real number, that cannot be written as the ratio of two integers.


lexentry: eng/irrationalism__Noun__1
written_rep: irrationalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: irracjonalizm
sense_list:
A philosophical movement formed as a cultural reaction against positivism in the early 20th century.


lexentry: eng/irredentist__Noun__1
written_rep: irredentist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: irredentysta
sense_list:
Someone who calls for the seizure or recovery of territories or states currently subject to other countries; an adherent of irredentism.


lexentry: eng/irreducible__Adjective__1
written_rep: irreducible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieredukowalny
sense_list:
Not able to be reduced or lessened. | Not able to be brought to a simpler or reduced form. | (number theory, of an integer) Unable to be factored into smaller integers; prime.


lexentry: eng/irregular__Adjective__1
written_rep: irregular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieregularny
sense_list:
nonstandard; not conforming to rules or expectations | (grammar, of a word) not following the regular or expected patterns of inflection in a given language


lexentry: eng/irregularity__Noun__1
written_rep: irregularity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieprawidłowość
sense_list:
(countable) An instance of being irregular. | (uncountable) The state or condition of being irregular, or the extent to which something is irregular. | (countable) An object or event that is not regular or ordinary.


lexentry: eng/irrelevant__Adjective__1
written_rep: irrelevant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieistotny | nie à propos | niepowiązany | niezwiązany
sense_list:
Not usefully related: not associated in any way that is important or useful to the context being discussed: not materially applicable; having connections not applicable in the present situation.


lexentry: eng/irresistible_grace__Noun__1
written_rep: irresistible grace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łaska skuteczna
sense_list:
(Christianity, theology) A doctrine, one of the Five Points of Calvinism, stating that the salvific benefit of Jesus Christ's substitutionary atonement on the cross is extended to those predestined unto salvation, without any possibility of Satan or sin successfully defeating God's election.


lexentry: eng/irresponsibility__Noun__1
written_rep: irresponsibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieodpowiedzialność
sense_list:
The character or state of being irresponsible; lack of or freedom from responsibility; want of accountability.


lexentry: eng/irreverent__Adjective__1
written_rep: irreverent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bez szacunku
sense_list:
Lacking respect; not having or not showing respect for or seriousness towards something that is usually treated with respect; going against conventional precepts.


lexentry: eng/irrevocably__Adverb__1
written_rep: irrevocably
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezapelacyjnie | nieodwołalnie
sense_list:
In an irrevocable manner; in a manner which prevents the ability to be reverted, repealed, or undone.


lexentry: eng/irrigation__Noun__1
written_rep: irrigation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: irygacja | nawadnianie
sense_list:
The act or process of irrigating, or the state of being irrigated; especially, the operation of causing water to flow over lands, for nourishing plants.


lexentry: eng/irritable_bowel_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: irritable bowel syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zespół jelita drażliwego
sense_list:
(pathology) A functional disorder causing the nerves and muscles of the large intestine to be oversensitive, leading to symptoms such as cramp, bloating, flatulence, diarrhoea and constipation.


lexentry: eng/irritation__Noun__1
written_rep: irritation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: irytacja
sense_list:
A condition of morbid excitability or oversensitiveness of an organ or part of the body; a state in which the application of ordinary stimuli produces pain or excessive or vitiated action.


lexentry: eng/is_anyone_sitting_here__Phrase__1
written_rep: is anyone sitting here
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czy to miejsce jest wolne?
sense_list:
Used to ask whether a seat near the interlocutor is currently occupied (by someone temporarily absent).


lexentry: eng/isabelline_shrike__Noun__1
written_rep: isabelline shrike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzierzba pustynna
sense_list:
Lanius isabellinus, a member of the shrike family (Laniidae). It was formerly considered conspecific with the red-tailed shrike and the red-backed shrike.


lexentry: eng/ischemia__Noun__1
written_rep: ischemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niedokrwienie
sense_list:
(cardiology, pathology) Local disturbance in blood circulation due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply (for example, embolism, thrombosis, or vasoconstriction).


lexentry: eng/isinglass__Noun__1
written_rep: isinglass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karuk
sense_list:
A form of gelatine obtained from the air bladder of the sturgeon and certain other fish, used as an adhesive and as a clarifying agent for wine and beer.


lexentry: eng/island__Noun__1
written_rep: island
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wyspa
sense_list:
(by extension, in place names) A contiguous area of land, smaller than a continent, partially surrounded by water; A peninsula; A half-island. | An entity surrounded by other entities that are very different from itself.


lexentry: eng/isolate__Verb__1
written_rep: isolate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: izolować
sense_list:
(transitive) To place in quarantine or isolation. | (transitive, chemistry) To separate a substance in pure form from a mixture. | (transitive) To insulate, or make free of external influence. | (transitive, microbiology) To separate a pure strain of bacteria etc. from a mixed culture. | (transitive) To insulate an electrical component from a source of electricity.


lexentry: eng/isolation__Noun__1
written_rep: isolation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izolacja | odosobnienie
sense_list:
(chiefly, uncountable) The state of being isolated, detached, or separated; the state of being away from other people.


lexentry: eng/isolation__Noun__1
written_rep: isolation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: izolacja
sense_list:
The act of isolating. | (medicine) The separation of a patient, suffering from a contagious disease, from contact with others (compare: quarantine)


lexentry: eng/isolation_transformer__Noun__1
written_rep: isolation transformer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: transformator separacyjny
sense_list:
A transformer used to transfer electrical power from a source of alternating current (AC) power to some equipment or device while galvanically isolating the device from the power source, usually for safety reasons.


lexentry: eng/isomer__Noun__1
written_rep: isomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izomer
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) Any of two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structure. | (nuclear physics) Any of two or more atomic nuclei with the same mass number and atomic number but with different radioactive properties.


lexentry: eng/isomerism__Noun__1
written_rep: isomerism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izomeria
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) the phenomenon of the existence of isomers - the existence of different substances with the same molecular formulae


lexentry: eng/isometric__Adjective__1
written_rep: isometric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izometryczny
sense_list:
Of or exhibiting equality in dimensions. | (physiology) Of or involving muscular contraction against resistance in which the length of the muscle remains the same. See also: Wikipedia:isometric exercise


lexentry: eng/isomorphism__Noun__1
written_rep: isomorphism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: izomorfizm
sense_list:
(category theory) A morphism which has a two-sided inverse; the composition of the morphism and such an inverse yields either one of two identity morphisms (depending on the order of composition). | (group algebra) A bijection f such that both f and its inverse f −1 are homomorphisms, that is, structure-preserving mappings.


lexentry: eng/isopentane__Noun__1
written_rep: isopentane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izopentan
sense_list:
(organic compound) An aliphatic hydrocarbon with the chemical structure CH2CH2CH(CH3)2; isomeric with pentane and neopentane.


lexentry: eng/isoprene__Noun__1
written_rep: isoprene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izopren
sense_list:
(organic compound) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C5H8, that is readily polymerized; natural rubber (caoutchouc) is cis-1,4-polyisoprene, and trans-1,4-polyisoprene is present in gutta-percha and balata; it is the structural basis for the terpenes.


lexentry: eng/isothermic__Adjective__1
written_rep: isothermic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izotermiczny
sense_list:
(physics) (Of a thermodynamic process) during which the temperature remains constant. | (meteorology) Of equal or constant temperature with respect to space, volume, or pressure.


lexentry: eng/isotone__Noun__1
written_rep: isotone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izoton
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) Any of a number of nuclides of different elements that have the same number of neutrons.


lexentry: eng/isotope__Noun__1
written_rep: isotope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izotop
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) Any of two or more forms of an element where the atoms have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons within their nuclei. Thus, isotopes have the same atomic number but a different mass number.


lexentry: eng/isotype__Noun__1
written_rep: isotype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izotyp
sense_list:
(immunology) A marker corresponding to an antigen found in all members of a subclass of a specific class of immunoglobulins


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
written_rep: issue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: egzemplarz | wydanie
sense_list:
The entire set of some item printed and disseminated during a certain period, particularly (publishing) a single printing of a particular edition of a work when contrasted with other print runs.


lexentry: eng/issue__Noun__1
written_rep: issue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: problem
sense_list:
(US, originally, _, psychology, usually, in the plural) A psychological or emotional difficulty, (now, _, informal, figurative, _, and, _) any problem or concern considered as a vague and intractable difficulty.


lexentry: eng/isthmus__Noun__1
written_rep: isthmus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przesmyk | istm | istmus | międzymorze
sense_list:
(landforms) A narrow strip of land, bordered on both sides by water, and connecting two larger landmasses.


lexentry: eng/it's_a_small_world__Phrase__1
written_rep: it's a small world
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jaki ten świat mały
sense_list:
Used to express surprise at meeting an acquaintance or discovering a personal connection in a distant place or an unexpected context.


lexentry: eng/it's_about_time__Interjection__1
written_rep: it's about time
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krzyż na drogę
sense_list:
(idiomatic, sarcastic) Used to express impatience at the eventual occurrence of something that the speaker or writer has deemed to be long overdue.


lexentry: eng/it's_the_thought_that_counts__Proverb__1
written_rep: it's the thought that counts
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczy się gest
sense_list:
When giving someone a present or doing a favour for someone, the kindness behind the act is more important than any other consideration.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: to | ono
sense_list:
The third-person singular neuter personal pronoun used to refer to an inanimate object, abstract entity, or non-human living thing.


lexentry: eng/it__Pronoun__1
written_rep: it
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ono | to
sense_list:
The impersonal pronoun, used without referent as the subject of an impersonal verb or statement (known as the dummy pronoun, dummy it or weather it). | The impersonal pronoun, used without referent, or with unstated but contextually implied referent, in various short idioms or expressions. | The impersonal pronoun, used as a placeholder for a delayed subject, or less commonly, object; known as the dummy pronoun (according to some definitions), anticipatory it or, more formally in linguistics, a syntactic expletive. The delayed subject is commonly a to-infinitive, a gerund, or a noun clause introduced by a subordinating conjunction.


lexentry: eng/it_ain't_over_'til_the_fat_lady_sings__Proverb__1
written_rep: it ain't over 'til the fat lady sings
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dopóki piłka w grze, wszystko jest możliwe
sense_list:
There are more developments yet to come; one should not presume to know the outcome of an event which is still in progress.


lexentry: eng/it_figures__Phrase__1
written_rep: it figures
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oczywiście | wiadomo
sense_list:
(idiomatic, North America) Used to indicate that a preceding event or statement by another is an unsurprising accompaniment of known facts and circumstances.


part_of_speech: proverb
sense_list: (Christianity, Biblical) It is unlikely that the wealthy will go to heaven.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łatwiej jest wielbłądowi przejść przez ucho igielne, niż bogatemu wejść do królestwa niebieskiego
lexentry:
eng/it_is_easier_for_a_camel_to_go_through_the_eye_of_a_needle_than_for_a_rich_man_to_enter_into_the_kingdom_of_God__Proverb__1

written_rep:
it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God


lexentry: eng/it_is_what_it_is__Phrase__1
written_rep: it is what it is
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jest jak jest
sense_list:
(idiomatic) That's life; expressing resignment to a situation or set of circumstances, usually without complaint | Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see it,‎ is,‎ what,‎ it,‎ is. This thing has its own distinct nature; this thing is itself.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_all_kinds_to_make_a_world__Proverb__1
written_rep: it takes all kinds to make a world
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na świecie różnie bywa
sense_list:
(idiom) Diversity is essential: the world would be incomplete if everyone were alike; an expression of surprise at a person or people's eccentricity.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_one_to_know_one__Proverb__1
written_rep: it takes one to know one
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: swój swojego zawsze pozna
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Expressing the same underlying character-judgment themes as pot calling the kettle black or set a thief to catch a thief.


lexentry: eng/it_takes_two_to_tango__Proverb__1
written_rep: it takes two to tango
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: do tanga trzeba dwojga
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Some things need the active cooperation of two parties; blame is to be laid on both parties in a conflict.


lexentry: eng/italic__Adjective__1
written_rep: italic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kursywa
sense_list:
(typography, of a typeface or font) Designed to resemble a handwriting style developed in Italy in the 16th century.


lexentry: eng/itch__Noun__1
written_rep: itch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: swędzenie | świąd | świerzbienie
sense_list:
A sensation felt on an area of the skin that causes a person or animal to want to scratch said area.


lexentry: eng/iteration__Noun__1
written_rep: iteration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: iteracja
sense_list:
(computing) The use of repetition in a computer program, especially in the form of a loop. | (computing) A single repetition of the code within such a repetitive process.


lexentry: eng/iterative__Adjective__1
written_rep: iterative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iteracyjny
sense_list:
Of a procedure that involves repetition of steps (iteration) to achieve the desired outcome; in computing this may involve a mechanism such as a loop.


lexentry: eng/iterative_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: iterative aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aspekt iteratywny
sense_list:
(grammar) A subclass of imperfective verbs that denote a continuously repeated action. An example in English would be the iterative verb sniffle, as opposed to the noniterative sniff.


lexentry: eng/itself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: itself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: się
sense_list:
(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject | (emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject


lexentry: eng/itself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: itself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: się | ono samo
sense_list:
(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate


lexentry: eng/ivory__Noun__1
written_rep: ivory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kość słoniowa
sense_list:
(uncountable) The hard white form of dentin which forms the tusks of elephants, walruses and other animals. | A creamy white color, the color of ivory. | Something made from or resembling ivory. | (collective, singular or in plural) The teeth. | (collective, singular or in plural) The keys of a piano; or, the white keys, as opposed to the black keys (ebonies). | (slang, ethnic slur) A white person. | (informal) A die (object bearing numbers, thrown in games of chance).


lexentry: eng/ivory_tower__Noun__1
written_rep: ivory tower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wieża z kości słoniowej
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A sheltered, overly-academic existence or perspective, implying a disconnection or lack of awareness of reality or practical considerations.


lexentry: eng/jabiru__Noun__1
written_rep: jabiru
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żabiru
sense_list:
A species of bird Jabiru mycteria in the monotypic genus Jabiru, of the stork family Ciconiidae, endemic to the Americas.


lexentry: eng/jacamar__Noun__1
written_rep: jacamar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: złotopiór
sense_list:
Any of various insectivorous tropical birds, of the family Galbulidae, having iridescent plumage and a long, sharp bill.


lexentry: eng/jacana__Noun__1
written_rep: jacana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: długoszpon
sense_list:
Any of a group of wading birds in the family Jacanidae, usually having long toes and claws, and found throughout the world.


lexentry: eng/jack-o'-lantern__Noun__1
written_rep: jack-o'-lantern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: latarnia z dyni
sense_list:
A carved pumpkin whose top and stem have been cut out and interior removed, leaving a hollow shell that is then decorated to represent a face, illuminated from within by a candle. It is a symbol of Halloween.


lexentry: eng/jack__Noun__2
written_rep: jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lewar
sense_list:
A mechanical device used to raise and (temporarily) support a heavy object, now especially to lift one side of a motor vehicle when (e.g.) changing a tyre. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jack_mackerel__Noun__1
written_rep: jack mackerel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostrobok
sense_list:
Any of various edible fish, especially of genus Trachurus, but also genera Caranx, Acanthocybium, and Euthynnus.


lexentry: eng/jack_of_all_trades__Noun__1
written_rep: jack of all trades
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: omnibus
sense_list:
(idiomatic) One competent in many endeavours, sometimes regarded as not excelling in any of them. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/jackal__Noun__1
written_rep: jackal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szakal
sense_list:
Any of certain wild canids of the genera Lupulella and Canis, native to the tropical Old World and smaller than a wolf.


lexentry: eng/jacket__Noun__1
written_rep: jacket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kurtka
sense_list:
A piece of clothing worn on the upper body outside a shirt or blouse, often waist length to thigh length.


lexentry: eng/jackhammer__Noun__1
written_rep: jackhammer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: młot pneumatyczny
sense_list:
A portable percussive power tool that combines a hammer and chisel used to drill or break hard matter, for instance rock or concrete.


lexentry: eng/jade__Noun__1
written_rep: jade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żad
sense_list:
A semiprecious stone, either nephrite or jadeite, generally green or white in color, often used for carving figurines. | A bright shade of slightly bluish or greyish green, typical of polished jade stones. | A succulent plant, Crassula ovata.


lexentry: eng/jadeite__Noun__1
written_rep: jadeite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jadeit
sense_list:
(mineral) A pyroxene mineral, a sodium aluminium silicate with the chemical formula Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6, found in metamorphic rocks.


lexentry: eng/jaeger__Noun__1
written_rep: jaeger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jegier
sense_list:
Any of three seabirds in the skua genus Stercorarius. | A hunter's guide. | A rifle. | A sharpshooter, a rifleman, light infantry.


lexentry: eng/jaggery__Noun__1
written_rep: jaggery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jaggery
sense_list:
A traditional dark-brown unrefined sugar made from palm tree sap which is used throughout South and Southeast Asia; (by extension) other types of unrefined sugar.


lexentry: eng/jail__Noun__1
written_rep: jail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: więzienie
sense_list:
A place or institution for the confinement of persons held against their will in lawful custody or detention, especially (in US usage) a place where people are held for minor offenses or with reference to some future judicial proceeding. | (uncountable) Confinement in a jail.


lexentry: eng/jailbait__Noun__1
written_rep: jailbait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jagnięcina
sense_list:
(slang) A sexually mature person below, or appearing to be below, the legal age of consent, who is regarded, usually by an adult, as being sexually attractive and/or seductive.


lexentry: eng/jalousie__Noun__1
written_rep: jalousie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: żaluzje
sense_list:
Upward sloping window slats which form a blind or shutter, allowing light and air in but excluding rain and direct sun.


lexentry: eng/jam__Noun__1
written_rep: jam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżem
sense_list:
(less common in the, _, US, &, Canada) A sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar and allowed to congeal. Often spread on bread or toast or used in jam tarts.


lexentry: eng/jam__Verb__1
written_rep: jam
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: zagłuszać
sense_list:
To block or confuse a radio or radar signal by transmitting a more-powerful signal on the same frequency.


lexentry: eng/jam_session__Noun__1
written_rep: jam session
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jam session
sense_list:
(music) An informal gathering of musicians to play music, especially improvised jazz or a similar genre.


lexentry: eng/jamb__Noun__1
written_rep: jamb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: węgar | węgarek
sense_list:
(architecture, interior decorating, carpentry) Either of the vertical components that form the side of an opening in a wall, such as that of a door frame, window frame, or fireplace.


lexentry: eng/janissary__Noun__1
written_rep: janissary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: janczar
sense_list:
(by extension) Any Turkish soldier, particularly one escorting a traveller. | (historical) An infantry soldier, often of European Christian background from the Balkans as well as Eastern Europe and forcibly converted to Islam, in a former elite Turkish (Ottoman) guard (disbanded in 1826).


lexentry: eng/janitor__Noun__1
written_rep: janitor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: woźna | woźny
sense_list:
(Scotland, Hong Kong) A caretaker or custodian; someone who maintains a school building specifically and may serve other administrative roles.


lexentry: eng/jar__Noun__1
written_rep: jar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: słoik | słój
sense_list:
A small, approximately cylindrical container, normally made of clay or glass, for holding fruit, preserves, etc., or for ornamental purposes.


lexentry: eng/jasmine__Noun__1
written_rep: jasmine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jaśmin
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Jasminum, mostly native to Asia, having fragrant white or yellow flowers. | The perfume obtained from these plants.


lexentry: eng/jasper__Noun__1
written_rep: jasper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jaspis
sense_list:
(obsolete) Any bright-coloured kind of chalcedony apart from cornelian. | An opaque, impure variety of quartz, of red, yellow, and other dull colors, breaking conchoidally with a smooth surface. | Jasperware pottery.


lexentry: eng/jaundice__Noun__1
written_rep: jaundice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żółtaczka
sense_list:
(pathology) A morbid condition, characterized by yellowness of the eyes, skin, and urine. [from early 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/javelin__Noun__1
written_rep: javelin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oszczep
sense_list:
A light spear thrown with the hand and used as a weapon. | A metal-tipped spear thrown for distance in an athletic field event.


lexentry: eng/javelin_throw__Noun__1
written_rep: javelin throw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzut oszczepem
sense_list:
(athletics) An athletic throwing event where the object to be thrown is the javelin, a spear-like object made of metal, fiberglass and, in some cases, kyshashrek.


lexentry: eng/jaws_of_life__Noun__1
written_rep: jaws of life
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczęki życia
sense_list:
(firefighting) Emergency rescue equipment used to open a severely damaged passenger vehicle with a strong mechanical jaw function that forcibly pushes or pulls metal components apart, to quickly and somewhat safely extricate the trapped occupants.


lexentry: eng/jazz__Noun__1
written_rep: jazz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jazz | dżez
sense_list:
(music genre) A musical art form rooted in West African cultural and musical expression and in the African American blues tradition, with diverse influences over time, commonly characterized by blue notes, syncopation, swing, call and response, polyrhythms and improvisation.


lexentry: eng/jealous__Adjective__1
written_rep: jealous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zazdrosny
sense_list:
Suspecting rivalry in love; troubled by worries that one might have been replaced in someone's affections; suspicious of a lover's or spouse's fidelity. [from 13th c.] | Envious; feeling resentful or angered toward someone for a perceived advantage or success, material or otherwise. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/jeer__Verb__1
written_rep: jeer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyśmiewać | kpić
sense_list:
(intransitive, with at) To utter sarcastic or mocking comments; to speak with mockery or derision; to use taunting language.


lexentry: eng/jejunum__Noun__1
written_rep: jejunum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jelito czcze
sense_list:
(anatomy) The central of the three divisions of the small intestine which lies between the duodenum and the ileum


lexentry: eng/jelly__Noun__1
written_rep: jelly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: galaretka
sense_list:
(Commonwealth) A dessert made by boiling gelatine (or a plant-based alternative such as agar or carrageenan), sugar and some flavouring (often derived from fruit) and allowing it to set.


lexentry: eng/jelly_bean__Noun__1
written_rep: jelly bean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cukierek
sense_list:
A small, bean-shaped, chewy candy/sweet with a firm coating and a jelly-like center, made of sugar, flavoring, coloring and sometimes starch or other thickener, and usually sold assorted in a wide variety of flavors and bright colors.


lexentry: eng/jellyfish__Noun__1
written_rep: jellyfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: meduza
sense_list:
An almost transparent aquatic animal; any one of the acalephs, especially one of the larger species, having a jellylike appearance.


lexentry: eng/jerboa__Noun__1
written_rep: jerboa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skoczek
sense_list:
Any of a number of species comprising the family Dipodidae, native to the deserts of Asia and northern Africa, being a small, jumping rodent with a long tufted tail, very small forefeet and very long hind legs.


lexentry: eng/jeremiad__Noun__1
written_rep: jeremiad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jeremiada
sense_list:
A long speech or prose work that bitterly laments the state of society and its morals, and often contains a prophecy of its coming downfall.


lexentry: eng/jerrycan__Noun__1
written_rep: jerrycan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kanister
sense_list:
A robust container for fuel or water, of a certain more or less rectangular shape, often made from pressed steel.


lexentry: eng/jersey__Noun__1
written_rep: jersey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżersej
sense_list:
(countable) A garment knitted from wool, worn over the upper body. | (uncountable) A type of fabric knit.


lexentry: eng/jet__Noun__1
written_rep: jet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dysza
sense_list:
A spout or nozzle for creating a jet of fluid. | A part of a carburetor that controls the amount of fuel mixed with the air.


lexentry: eng/jet_bridge__Noun__1
written_rep: jet bridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palec
sense_list:
(aviation) An elevated corridor connecting an airport to a plane, usually enclosed and used for disembarking and embarking passengers and crew.


lexentry: eng/jet_engine__Noun__1
written_rep: jet engine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: silnik odrzutowy
sense_list:
An engine that obtains thrust by taking in air at the front, using it to burn fuel, then ejecting the hot combustion products at the rear through a propulsive nozzle. | Any engine propelled by expelling a high speed fluid jet (jet propulsion), such as a rocket, turbojet, turbofan, ramjet, etc.


lexentry: eng/jet_lag__Noun__1
written_rep: jet lag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jet lag | jetlag
sense_list:
(aviation) A physical condition caused by crossing time zones during flight; often the result of disruption to the circadian rhythms of the body.


lexentry: eng/jet_pack__Noun__1
written_rep: jet pack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jet pack
sense_list:
(aviation) A piece of equipment that may be strapped to a person’s back and generate vertical thrust by a downward discharge of jet fluid, thereby rendering the person capable of flight.


lexentry: eng/jet_propulsion__Noun__1
written_rep: jet propulsion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: napęd odrzutowy
sense_list:
Propulsion that is caused by the expulsion of a jet of fluid, especially by a jet engine or jellyfish.


lexentry: eng/jet_ski__Noun__1
written_rep: jet ski
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skuter wodny
sense_list:
A small motorized watercraft with a flattish hull and an upright centre, which a rider sits astride.


lexentry: eng/jet_stream__Noun__1
written_rep: jet stream
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prąd strumieniowy
sense_list:
(meteorology) any of the high-speed, high-altitude air currents that circle the Earth in a westerly direction


lexentry: eng/jetsam__Noun__1
written_rep: jetsam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balast
sense_list:
Items thrown overboard from a ship or boat in distress in order to lighten its load. | (by extension) Discarded or leftover odds and ends.


lexentry: eng/jetty__Noun__1
written_rep: jetty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: molo
sense_list:
A structure of wood or stone extended into the sea to influence the current or tide, or to protect a harbor or beach.


lexentry: eng/jetwash__Verb__1
written_rep: jetwash
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: myć pod ciśnieniem | umyć pod ciśnieniem
sense_list:
(chiefly, British English, transitive) To remove something (especially dirt or graffiti) by spraying it with high-pressure water.


lexentry: eng/jewel__Noun__1
written_rep: jewel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: klejnot
sense_list:
A valuable object used for personal ornamentation, especially one made of precious metals and stones; a piece of jewellery.


lexentry: eng/jewellery__Noun__1
written_rep: jewellery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biżuteria
sense_list:
Collectively, personal ornamentation such as rings, necklaces, brooches and bracelets, made of precious metals and sometimes set with gemstones.


lexentry: eng/jib__Noun__1
written_rep: jib
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kliwer
sense_list:
(nautical, usually with a modifier) Any of a variety of specialty triangular staysails set forward of the foremast.


lexentry: eng/jib_boom__Noun__1
written_rep: jib boom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bomstenga | bukszpir | kliwerbom
sense_list:
(nautical) A spar attached to the outboard end of a bowsprit or flying jib boom with an additional stay to increase sail area.


lexentry: eng/jigger__Noun__1
written_rep: jigger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palec
sense_list:
(US) A double-ended vessel, generally of stainless steel or other metal, one end of which typically measures 1½ fluid ounces (approx. 44 ml), the other typically 1 fluid ounce (approx. 30 ml).


lexentry: eng/jiggermast__Noun__1
written_rep: jiggermast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czwarty w wysokości maszt
sense_list:
(nautical) The fourth-tallest mast on a ship with more than three masts; particularly a full-rigged ship.


lexentry: eng/jigsaw_puzzle__Noun__1
written_rep: jigsaw puzzle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: puzzle
sense_list:
A type of puzzle in which the aim is to reconstruct a picture that has been cut (originally, with a jigsaw) into many small interlocking pieces.


lexentry: eng/jihad__Noun__1
written_rep: jihad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżihad
sense_list:
(Islam) A holy war undertaken by Muslims. | (Islam, theology) A personal spiritual struggle for self-improvement and/or against evil.


lexentry: eng/jihadism__Noun__1
written_rep: jihadism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżihadyzm
sense_list:
The ideological movement within modern Islamism that advocates armed jihad and hostility against non-believers.


lexentry: eng/jimsonweed__Noun__1
written_rep: jimsonweed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bieluń dziędzierzawa | diabelskie ziele
sense_list:
(US) A poisonous plant of the Datura stramonium species, part of the nightshade (Solanaceae) family, occasionally ingested as a hallucinogen.


lexentry: eng/jingle_bell__Noun__1
written_rep: jingle bell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bubieniec
sense_list:
A small, hollow, spherical metal bell with a narrow slit opening or small holes, containing a loose ball or rod as a clapper, which is attached to a horse's harness as a signal, or (percussion instrument) used as a musical instrument.


lexentry: eng/jingoism__Noun__1
written_rep: jingoism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hurrapatriotyzm
sense_list:
(uncountable) Excessive patriotism or aggressive nationalism, especially with regards to foreign policy.


lexentry: eng/jingoistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: jingoistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szowinista
sense_list:
Overly patriotic or nationalistic, often with an element of favouring war or an aggressive foreign policy.


lexentry: eng/jinn__Noun__1
written_rep: jinn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżin
sense_list:
(Arabic culture) A human-like spiritual or immaterial being, as opposed to al-ins (people), often invisible but able to manifest in form and also inhabit people or animals; origin of the genie of Western literature, film etc.


lexentry: eng/jive__Verb__1
written_rep: jive
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: tanczyć
sense_list:
(intransitive, colloquial) To dance, originally to jive or swing music; later, to jazz, rock and roll, rhythm and blues, disco, etc.


lexentry: eng/jizya__Noun__1
written_rep: jizya
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżizja
sense_list:
(Islam, historical) A per capita tax levied on a section of an Islamic state's non-Muslim citizens, who meet certain criteria.


lexentry: eng/job__Noun__1
written_rep: job
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: praca | zadanie | zajęcie
sense_list:
A task. | (computing) A task, or series of tasks, carried out in batch mode (especially on a mainframe computer).


lexentry: eng/job_interview__Noun__1
written_rep: job interview
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozmowa kwalifikacyjna | interview | rozmowa o pracę
sense_list:
A formal interview in which a job applicant must answer questions, especially in a professional manner, to determine whether they are suitable for the job applied for.


lexentry: eng/jockstrap__Noun__1
written_rep: jockstrap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: suspensorium
sense_list:
(sports) An athletic supporter worn by men and boys to support the genitals during strenuous exercise.


lexentry: eng/john__Noun__1
written_rep: john
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ubikacja
sense_list:
(slang, US) A device or place to urinate and defecate: now usually a toilet or lavatory, but also (dated) a chamber pot or outhouse.


lexentry: eng/joint-stock_company__Noun__1
written_rep: joint-stock company
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spółka akcyjna | SA
sense_list:
(business, finance, legal, UK) A company with transferable ownership interests and limited shareholder liability. | (business, finance, legal, US) A company with transferable ownership interests and unlimited shareholder liability.


lexentry: eng/joint__Noun__1
written_rep: joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: staw
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any part of an animalian body where two bones or exoskeleton segments are abutted, in most cases allowing that part of the body to be bent or straightened.


lexentry: eng/joint__Noun__1
written_rep: joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: złącze
sense_list:
A cut of meat, especially (but not necessarily) (a) one containing a joint in the sense of an articulation or (b) one rolled up and tied.


lexentry: eng/joint_lock__Noun__1
written_rep: joint lock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dźwignia
sense_list:
(combat sports) Any lock designed to hyperextend one of the joints of the body, leading to pain and/or injury.


lexentry: eng/joint_venture__Noun__1
written_rep: joint venture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: joint venture | wspólne przedsięwzięcie
sense_list:
A cooperative partnership between two individuals or businesses in which profits and risks are shared.


lexentry: eng/joist__Noun__1
written_rep: joist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stragarz
sense_list:
A piece of timber or steel laid horizontally, or nearly so, to which the planks of the floor, or the laths or furring strips of a ceiling, are nailed.


lexentry: eng/joker__Noun__1
written_rep: joker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: dżoker | joker
sense_list:
A playing card that features a picture of a joker (that is, a jester) and that may be used as a wild card in some card games.


lexentry: eng/jot__Verb__1
written_rep: jot
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skrobnąć
sense_list:
(transitive) Chiefly followed by down: to write (something) quickly; to make a brief note of (something).


lexentry: eng/jotun__Noun__1
written_rep: jotun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: olbrzym
sense_list:
(Norse mythology) A member of a race of giants who usually stand in opposition to the Æsir and especially to Thor.


lexentry: eng/joule__Noun__1
written_rep: joule
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżul
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of energy, work and heat; the work required to exert a force of one newton for a distance of one metre. Equivalent to one watt of power for a duration of one second. Symbol: J


lexentry: eng/journal__Noun__1
written_rep: journal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dziennik | log | rejestr zdarzeń
sense_list:
(accounting) A chronological record of payments or receipts. | (computing) A chronological record of changes made to a database or other system; along with a backup or image copy that allows recovery after a failure or reinstatement to a previous time; a log.


lexentry: eng/journalism__Noun__1
written_rep: journalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziennikarstwo
sense_list:
The aggregating, writing, editing, and presenting of news or news articles for widespread distribution, typically in electronic publications, broadcast news media, or printed newspapers or periodicals, for the purpose of informing the audience, relying on a style of writing characteristic for this purpose, consisting of direct presentation of facts or events and (depending on type) either with or without analysis or interpretation.


lexentry: eng/joust__Noun__1
written_rep: joust
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: turniej
sense_list:
A tilting match: a mock combat between two mounted knights or men-at-arms using lances in the lists or enclosed field.


lexentry: eng/joy__Noun__1
written_rep: joy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radość | uciecha
sense_list:
A feeling of extreme happiness or cheerfulness, especially related to the acquisition or expectation of something good.


lexentry: eng/joyride__Noun__1
written_rep: joyride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przejażdżka kradzionym samochodem dla zabawy
sense_list:
An instance of driving a motor vehicle in a carefree or reckless manner, especially a vehicle which has been taken without the permission of the owner.


lexentry: eng/joystick__Noun__1
written_rep: joystick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżojstik | joystick
sense_list:
A mechanical control device consisting of a handgrip mounted on a base or pedestal and typically having one or more buttons, used to control an aircraft, computer, or other equipment.


lexentry: eng/jubilee__Noun__1
written_rep: jubilee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: jubileusz
sense_list:
A major anniversary of an event, particularly the fiftieth (50th) anniversary of a coronation or marriage. [from late 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/judge__Noun__1
written_rep: judge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sędzia | sędzina
sense_list:
A public official whose duty it is to administer the law, especially by presiding over trials and rendering judgments; a justice.


lexentry: eng/judgement_day__Noun__1
written_rep: judgement day
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzień sądu | sąd ostateczny
sense_list:
(Christianity, Islam, Judaism, sometimes, capitalized) The final trial of all humankind, both the living and the dead, by God expected to take place at the end of the world, when each is rewarded or punished according to their merits.


lexentry: eng/judgment__Noun__1
written_rep: judgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rozsądek | osąd | rozeznanie | sąd | wyczucie
sense_list:
The power or faculty of performing such operations; especially, when unqualified, the faculty of judging or deciding rightly, justly, or wisely.


lexentry: eng/judgment__Noun__1
written_rep: judgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: osądzanie | proces | postępowanie
sense_list:
(legal) The act of determining, as in courts of law, what is conformable to law and justice; also, the determination, decision, or sentence of a court, or of a judge.


lexentry: eng/judgment_call__Noun__1
written_rep: judgment call
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: decyzja
sense_list:
Any decision or other determination based on subjective criteria, especially one which takes into account the particular circumstances of a situation.


lexentry: eng/judicial_branch__Noun__1
written_rep: judicial branch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: judykatura | judykatywa | władza sądownicza
sense_list:
The branch of government which is concerned with the administration of justice through the interpretation of the law.


lexentry: eng/jug__Noun__1
written_rep: jug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzbanek | dzban | gąsior
sense_list:
A serving vessel or container, typically circular in cross-section and typically higher than it is wide, with a relatively small mouth or spout, an ear handle and often a stopper or top.


lexentry: eng/juggle__Verb__1
written_rep: juggle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żonglować
sense_list:
To manipulate objects, such as balls, clubs, beanbags, rings, etc. in an artful or artistic manner. Juggling may also include assorted other circus skills such as the diabolo, devil sticks, hat, and cigar box manipulation as well. | To handle or manage many tasks at once.


lexentry: eng/juggling__Noun__1
written_rep: juggling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żonglerka | żonglowanie | żonglerstwo
sense_list:
The art of moving objects, such as balls, clubs, beanbags, rings, etc. in an artful or artistic manner.


lexentry: eng/jugular_vein__Noun__1
written_rep: jugular vein
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żyła szyjna
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of several veins on each side of the neck, which drain the brain, face and neck of deoxygenated blood.


lexentry: eng/juice__Noun__1
written_rep: juice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sok
sense_list:
(uncountable) A liquid from a plant, especially fruit. | (countable) A beverage made of juice. | (uncountable) Any liquid resembling juice.


lexentry: eng/jukebox__Noun__1
written_rep: jukebox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jukebox | szafa grająca
sense_list:
A coin-operated machine that plays recorded music, with push-buttons to make selections. [from 1939]


lexentry: eng/jump__Noun__1
written_rep: jump
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: skok
sense_list:
An instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location. | (mathematics) A discontinuity in the graph of a function, where the function is continuous in a punctured interval of the discontinuity.


lexentry: eng/jump__Verb__1
written_rep: jump
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skakać | skoczyć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To propel oneself rapidly upward, downward and/or in any horizontal direction such that momentum causes the body to become airborne. | (intransitive) To cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall downward. | (intransitive) To employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location.


lexentry: eng/jump__Verb__1
written_rep: jump
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: podskakiwać | podskoczyć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To react to a sudden, often unexpected, stimulus (such as a sharp prick or a loud sound) by jerking the body violently.


lexentry: eng/jump__Verb__1
written_rep: jump
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: skakać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To employ a move in certain board games where one game piece is moved from one legal position to another passing over the position of another piece. | (transitive) To move to a position (in a queue/line) that is further forward.


lexentry: eng/jump_in__Verb__1
written_rep: jump in
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: napadać
sense_list:
To enter something quickly, usually a mode of transport. | To join in on an activity quickly. | To interrupt someone while they are speaking. | (US, _, slang) To initiate into an organization, usually a gang, with violence. | Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see jump,‎ in. | (slang, dated) To ambush (someone).


lexentry: eng/jump_rope__Noun__1
written_rep: jump rope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skakanka
sense_list:
(uncountable) (also jump-roping, jumping rope) The activity, game or exercise in which a person must jump, bounce or skip repeatedly while a length of rope is swung over and under, both ends held in the hands of the jumper, or alternately, held by two other participants. | (colloquial) A single jump in this game or activity, counted as a measure of achievement.


lexentry: eng/jump_the_shark__Verb__1
written_rep: jump the shark
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schodzić na psy z fabułą | zejść na psy z fabułą
sense_list:
(idiomatic, of a television program or other narrative) To undergo a storyline development which heralds a fundamental and generally disappointing change in direction.


lexentry: eng/jumping_jack__Noun__1
written_rep: jumping jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pajacyk
sense_list:
A physical exercise performed by jumping to a position with the legs spread wide and the hands touching overhead and then returning to a position with the feet together and the arms at the sides. | (dated) A toy figure of a person with jointed limbs that can be made to appear to dance or jump by pulling an attached string.


lexentry: eng/jumping_spider__Noun__1
written_rep: jumping spider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skaczel | skakun
sense_list:
Any of very many spiders, of the family Salticidae, that jump from place to place with the aid of a silk tether.


lexentry: eng/jungle__Noun__1
written_rep: jungle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżungla
sense_list:
A large, undeveloped, humid forest, especially in a tropical region, that is home to many wild plants and animals; a tropical rainforest. | (colloquial) A place where people behave ruthlessly, unconstrained by law or morality.


lexentry: eng/jungle_gym__Noun__1
written_rep: jungle gym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: małpi gaj
sense_list:
(US, Israel) A play structure designed for children to climb on, traditionally constructed as a frame of metal bars as introduced in 1920.


lexentry: eng/junior_high_school__Noun__1
written_rep: junior high school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: college
sense_list:
(US) A school for children who have completed elementary school or grade school, but are not yet old enough for high school. It often includes grades 7 and 8, and possibly also 6 or 9.


lexentry: eng/juniper__Noun__1
written_rep: juniper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jałowiec
sense_list:
Any shrub or tree of the genus Juniperus of the cypress family, which is characterized by pointed, needle-like leaves and aromatic berry-like cones.


lexentry: eng/junk_food__Noun__1
written_rep: junk food
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: śmieciowe jedzenie
sense_list:
(informal) Food with little or no nutritional value; alternatively, food that supplies a large amount of nutrients but also excess calories, excess sugar or starch, and so on.


lexentry: eng/junket__Noun__1
written_rep: junket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ballada
sense_list:
A pleasure trip; a journey made for feasting or enjoyment, now especially a trip made ostensibly for business but which entails merrymaking or entertainment.


lexentry: eng/juridical__Adjective__1
written_rep: juridical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawny
sense_list:
Pertaining to the law or rule of law, legal; judicial, related to the administration of justice (as to jurisprudence, or to the function of a judge or court).


lexentry: eng/juridical_act__Noun__1
written_rep: juridical act
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akt prawny
sense_list:
(civil, _, law, Louisiana, Philippines) Any conduct by a person intended to create, modify, transfer, preserve, or extinguish a right, obligation, or legal relationship.


lexentry: eng/jurisdiction__Noun__1
written_rep: jurisdiction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jurysdykcja
sense_list:
The power, right, or authority to interpret and apply the law. | The power or right to exercise authority. | The authority of a sovereign power to govern or legislate. | The limits or territory within which authority may be exercised.


lexentry: eng/juristic_act__Noun__1
written_rep: juristic act
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akt prawny
sense_list:
(civil, _, law, South Africa) Any conduct by a person intended to create, modify, transfer, preserve, or extinguish a right, obligation, or legal relationship.


lexentry: eng/jury__Noun__1
written_rep: jury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sąd przysięgłych | ława przysięgłych
sense_list:
(law) A group of individuals chosen from the general population to hear and decide a case in a court of law.


lexentry: eng/jussive__Noun__1
written_rep: jussive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tryb ścięty
sense_list:
(grammar, uncountable, and, countable) The jussive mood, a verb inflection used to indicate a command, permission or agreement with a request; an instance of a verb so inflected.


lexentry: eng/justice__Noun__1
written_rep: justice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sprawiedliwość
sense_list:
The state or characteristic of being just or fair. | The ideal of fairness, impartiality, etc., especially with regard to the punishment of wrongdoing. | Judgment and punishment of a party who has allegedly wronged another. | The civil power dealing with law. | Correctness, conforming to reality or rules.


lexentry: eng/justiciable__Adjective__1
written_rep: justiciable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozstrzygany przez sąd
sense_list:
(legal) Of or pertaining to justiciability; able to be evaluated and resolved by the courts; that can be adjudicated.


lexentry: eng/justification__Noun__1
written_rep: justification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: usprawiedliwienie | uzasadnienie
sense_list:
(countable) A reason, explanation, or excuse which someone believes provides convincing, morally acceptable support for behavior or for a belief or occurrence.


lexentry: eng/justification__Noun__1
written_rep: justification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: justyfikacja
sense_list:
(typography, uncountable) The alignment of text to the left margin (left justification), the right margin (right justification), or both margins (full justification).


lexentry: eng/justify__Verb__1
written_rep: justify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: usprawiedliwiać | uzasadniać | usprawiedliwić | uzasadnić
sense_list:
(transitive) To provide an acceptable explanation for. | (transitive) To be a good, acceptable reason for; warrant.


lexentry: eng/justify__Verb__1
written_rep: justify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wyjustować
sense_list:
(transitive, typography) To arrange (text) on a page or a computer screen such that the left and right ends of all lines within paragraphs are aligned.


lexentry: eng/jute__Noun__1
written_rep: jute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: juta
sense_list:
The coarse, strong fibre of the East Indian plants, Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsularis, used to make mats, paper, gunny cloth etc. | The plants from which this fibre is obtained.


lexentry: eng/juvenile__Noun__1
written_rep: juvenile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: małoletni | młodociany | nieletni
sense_list:
(criminal law) A person younger than the age of full criminal responsibility, such that the person either cannot be held criminally liable or is subject to less severe forms of punishment.


lexentry: eng/kabuki__Noun__1
written_rep: kabuki
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kabuki
sense_list:
(often, capitalized) A form of Japanese theatre in which elaborately costumed male performers use stylized movements, dances, and songs in order to enact tragedies and comedies.


lexentry: eng/kachelofen__Noun__1
written_rep: kachelofen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piec kaflowy
sense_list:
A German type of ceramic tile stove or cocklestove which captures heat from periodic burning of fuel such as wood and radiates it over a long period to heat a living space.


lexentry: eng/kachina__Noun__1
written_rep: kachina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kaczyni
sense_list:
A vaguely ancestral anthropomorphic spirit being, associated with clouds and rain or personifying the power in the sun, the earth, or corn (among other things).


lexentry: eng/kaddish__Noun__1
written_rep: kaddish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kadisz | kadysz
sense_list:
(Judaism) A Jewish prayer of praise to God recited during services, and specifically when mourning the death of a close relative.


lexentry: eng/kafir__Noun__1
written_rep: kafir
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kafir
sense_list:
(Islam, countable, offensive, religious slur, political) A disbeliever, a denier: someone who rejects or disbelieves in Allah or the tenets of Islam; or more broadly any non-Muslim.


lexentry: eng/kaka__Noun__1
written_rep: kaka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kaka | nestor kaka
sense_list:
Any of four taxa of birds in the genus Nestor in the parrot family confined to New Zealand and adjacent islands.


lexentry: eng/kakapo__Noun__1
written_rep: kakapo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kakapo
sense_list:
A large flightless parrot, Strigops habroptilus, with greenish plumage, that is nocturnal and native to New Zealand.


lexentry: eng/kakistocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: kakistocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kakistokracja
sense_list:
(political science) Government under the control of a nation's worst or least-qualified citizens. [from 1829.]


lexentry: eng/kakuro__Noun__1
written_rep: kakuro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kakuro
sense_list:
(games) A type of number puzzle, similar to a crossword but with numbers. Each "clue" is the sum of the digits to be placed in its group of squares, and no digit can be repeated within a group.


lexentry: eng/kalach__Noun__1
written_rep: kalach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kołacz
sense_list:
Traditional East Slavic bread shaped like a padlock or various kinds of wheels. Other Slavic nations have similar but not identical types of pastry, e.g. Czech or Slovak koláč/koláč, Polish kołacz, Bulgarian колач, Serbo-Croatian колач/kolač, etc.


lexentry: eng/kale__Noun__1
written_rep: kale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jarmuż
sense_list:
An edible plant, similar to cabbage, with curled leaves that do not form a dense head (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)


lexentry: eng/kaleidoscope__Noun__1
written_rep: kaleidoscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kalejdoskop
sense_list:
An instrument consisting of a tube containing mirrors and loose, colourful beads or other objects; when the tube is looked into and rotated, a succession of symmetrical designs can be seen. [from 1817] | (figuratively) A constantly changing series of colours or other things.


lexentry: eng/kalokagathia__Noun__1
written_rep: kalokagathia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kalokagatia
sense_list:
(philosophy) A Platonic teaching consisting of the harmonious combination of bodily, moral and spiritual virtues. It is a classical Greek and Platonic ideal denoting the harmonious unity of bodily excellence, moral virtue, and intellectual cultivation. It expresses the integration of physical beauty, ethical character, and rational insight within a single, well-formed soul—where reason governs, spirit aligns with justice, and appetite is moderated. Rooted in the educational tradition of paideia, kalokagathia represents the perfection of human nature in accordance with both external nobility and inner truth.


lexentry: eng/kamikaze__Noun__1
written_rep: kamikaze
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kamikadze
sense_list:
One who carries out a suicide attack, especially with an aircraft. | A vehicle used for a suicide attack, especially an aircraft.


lexentry: eng/kana__Noun__1
written_rep: kana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kana
sense_list:
The hiragana and katakana syllabaries. These are made up of characters that represent individual syllables, which are used to write Japanese words and particles. Kana are derived from kanji.


lexentry: eng/kangaroo__Noun__1
written_rep: kangaroo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kangur | kangurzyca
sense_list:
A member of the Macropodidae family of large marsupials with strong hind legs for hopping, native to Australia. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/kangaroo_court__Noun__1
written_rep: kangaroo court
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dintojra | sąd kapturowy
sense_list:
(originally, US, idiomatic) A judicial or quasi-judicial proceeding, or a group of people which conducts such proceedings, which is without proper authority, and often acts abusively or decides unjustly. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/kantar__Noun__1
written_rep: kantar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kantar
sense_list:
a unit of weight used in Eastern Mediterranean countries, varying from place to place (44.93 kg in Egypt)


lexentry: eng/kaolinite__Noun__1
written_rep: kaolinite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kaolinit
sense_list:
(mineral) A common hydrous aluminosilicate mineral found in sediments, soils and sedimentary rocks, Al2Si2O5(OH)4; one of the kaolin group of minerals.


lexentry: eng/kaon__Noun__1
written_rep: kaon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kaon
sense_list:
(particle) any of four unstable subatomic particles, mesons, they are a combination of a strange quark or antiquark and either an up or down quark or antiquark


lexentry: eng/kapo__Noun__1
written_rep: kapo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kapo
sense_list:
(historical) A prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp who was given food and privileges in return for supervising other prisoners doing forced labor.


lexentry: eng/kapok__Noun__1
written_rep: kapok
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kapok
sense_list:
A silky fibre obtained from seed pods of the silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) used for insulation and stuffing for mattresses, pillows, etc.


lexentry: eng/karaoke__Noun__1
written_rep: karaoke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karaoke
sense_list:
(uncountable) A form of entertainment popular in clubs, at parties, etc, in which individual members of the public sing along to pre-recorded instrumental versions of popular songs, the lyrics of which are displayed for the singer on a screen in time with the music.


lexentry: eng/karate__Noun__1
written_rep: karate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karate
sense_list:
An Okinawan martial art involving primarily punching and kicking, but additionally, advanced throws, arm bars, grappling and all means of fighting.


lexentry: eng/karma__Noun__1
written_rep: karma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karma | karman
sense_list:
(Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) The sum total of a person's actions, which determine the person's next incarnation in samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth.


lexentry: eng/karst__Noun__1
written_rep: karst
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kras
sense_list:
(geology) A type of land formation, usually with many caves formed through the dissolving of limestone by underground drainage.


lexentry: eng/karyotype__Noun__1
written_rep: karyotype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kariotyp
sense_list:
(genetics) The observed characteristics (number, type, shape, etc) of the chromosomes of an individual or species.


lexentry: eng/kasseri__Noun__1
written_rep: kasseri
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ser żółty
sense_list:
A medium-hard pale yellow cheese of Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey, usually made from unpasteurized sheep milk.


lexentry: eng/katakana__Noun__1
written_rep: katakana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: katakana
sense_list:
(uncountable) A Japanese syllabary used when writing words borrowed from foreign languages other than Chinese, specific names of plants and animals and other jargon, onomatopoeia, or to emphasize a word or phrase. Also used to write the Ainu language.


lexentry: eng/katal__Noun__1
written_rep: katal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: katal
sense_list:
(chemistry) In the International System of Units, the derived unit of catalytic activity; one mole per second. Symbol: kat.


lexentry: eng/katana__Noun__1
written_rep: katana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: katana
sense_list:
(weaponry) A type of Japanese longsword, having a single edge and slight curvature, historically used by samurai and ninja.


lexentry: eng/kauri__Noun__1
written_rep: kauri
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agatis nowozelandzki | soplica australijska | soplica kauri | soplica południowa
sense_list:
(NZ) A conifer of the genus Agathis, found in Australasia and Melanesia, especially Agathis australis. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/kauri__Noun__1
written_rep: kauri
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: agatis | damara | soplica
sense_list:
A resinous product of the kauri tree, found in the form of yellow or brown lumps in the ground where the trees have grown. It is used for making varnish, and as a substitute for amber.


lexentry: eng/kayak__Noun__1
written_rep: kayak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kajak
sense_list:
A type of small boat, covered over by a surface deck, powered by the occupant or occupants using a double-bladed paddle in a sitting position, from a hole in the surface deck


lexentry: eng/kaymak__Noun__1
written_rep: kaymak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kajmak
sense_list:
A creamy dairy product, similar to clotted cream, made in the Balkans, Turkey, the Middle East, Central Asia, Iran, Afghanistan, and India. It is made from the milk of water buffalos in the East or of cows in the West.


lexentry: eng/kazoo__Noun__1
written_rep: kazoo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kazoo | mirliton
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A simple musical instrument (a membranophone) consisting of a pipe with a hole in it, producing a buzzing sound when the player hums into it.


lexentry: eng/kebab__Noun__1
written_rep: kebab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kebab
sense_list:
(British) A dish of pieces of meat, fish, or vegetables roasted on a skewer or spit, especially a doner kebab.


lexentry: eng/keel__Noun__1
written_rep: keel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kil | stępka
sense_list:
(nautical) A rigid, flat piece of material anchored to the lowest part of the hull of a ship to give it greater control and stability.


lexentry: eng/keel_over__Verb__1
written_rep: keel over
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wywrócić
sense_list:
(intransitive, nautical, also, _, figuratively) Of a vessel: to roll so far on its side that it cannot recover; to capsize or turn turtle.


lexentry: eng/keelson__Noun__1
written_rep: keelson
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nadstępka
sense_list:
(nautical) A longitudinal beam fastened on top of the keel of a vessel for strength and stiffness. [from c. 1611]


lexentry: eng/keen__Adjective__1
written_rep: keen
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gorliwy
sense_list:
(chiefly, Commonwealth) Often with a prepositional phrase, or with to and an infinitive: showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness; eager, enthusiastic, interested.


lexentry: eng/keep__Verb__1
written_rep: keep
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zachować | zatrzymać
sense_list:
(ditransitive) To maintain the condition of; to preserve in a certain state. | (transitive) To observe; to adhere to; to fulfill; to not swerve from or violate.


lexentry: eng/keep_it_together__Verb__1
written_rep: keep it together
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trzymać się w garści | zachować spokój | zachowywać spokój
sense_list:
(informal, idiomatic) To maintain composure; to avoid an overly emotional reaction; to suppress an instinct or urge.


lexentry: eng/keep_on__Verb__1
written_rep: keep on
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: trwać
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic) To cause or allow to remain in an existing position. | (transitive, idiomatic) To cause or allow to remain in the on or open position.


lexentry: eng/keep_one's_head_above_water__Verb__1
written_rep: keep one's head above water
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: utrzymać się na powierzchni | utrzymywać się na powierzchni
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To survive or endure, especially in a situation in which one is struggling to avoid being overwhelmed by adverse financial circumstances.


lexentry: eng/keep_out__Verb__1
written_rep: keep out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie zbliżać się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To refrain from entering a place or condition. | (transitive) To restrain someone or something from entering a place or condition.


lexentry: eng/keep_someone_company__Verb__1
written_rep: keep someone company
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dotrzymywać towarzystwa
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To remain with or accompany someone, especially to make them feel more comfortable with a certain situation.


lexentry: eng/keep_the_change__Phrase__1
written_rep: keep the change
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reszty nie trzeba
sense_list:
An instruction to a taxi driver, waiter etc. to keep the change from the amount handed over as a tip.


lexentry: eng/keep_up_appearances__Verb__1
written_rep: keep up appearances
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zachować pozory | zachowywać pozory
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To artificially maintain an outward sign of normality; to maintain an appearance of wealth, comfort, or propriety.


lexentry: eng/keep_up_with__Verb__1
written_rep: keep up with
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nadążać | nadążyć
sense_list:
To manage to remain beside or just behind someone or something that is moving away from one. | (figuratively) To manage to remain up to date with trends, fashions, etc | To manage to follow an argument, a discussion, etc.


lexentry: eng/keeper__Noun__1
written_rep: keeper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: strażniczka | strażnik
sense_list:
A person charged with guarding or caring for, storing, or maintaining something; a custodian, a guard; sometimes a gamekeeper.


lexentry: eng/keepsake__Noun__1
written_rep: keepsake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pamiątka
sense_list:
An object given by a person and retained in memory of something or someone; something kept for sentimental or nostalgic reasons.


lexentry: eng/kelvin__Noun__1
written_rep: kelvin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kelwin
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the base unit of thermodynamic temperature; 1⁄273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. The unit symbol is "K".


lexentry: eng/kenaf__Noun__1
written_rep: kenaf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kenaf
sense_list:
Hibiscus cannabinus, an annual or biennial herbaceous plant found mainly in Asia. | The fibre obtained from this plant, similar to jute.


lexentry: eng/kenning__Noun__3
written_rep: kenning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kenning
sense_list:
(poetry) A metaphorical compound or phrase, used especially in Germanic poetry (Old English or Old Norse) whereby a simple thing is described in an allusive way.


lexentry: eng/kenosis__Noun__1
written_rep: kenosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kenoza
sense_list:
(Christianity) Christ's voluntary abasement consisting of humanity and the simultaneous occultation of the Divinity.


lexentry: eng/keratoconus__Noun__1
written_rep: keratoconus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stożek rogówki
sense_list:
(pathology) A degenerative non-inflammatory disorder of the eye in which structural changes within the cornea cause it to thin and change to a more conical shape than its normal even curve.


lexentry: eng/kerb__Noun__1
written_rep: kerb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krawężnik
sense_list:
(British, AU, NZ) The raised edge between the pavement and the roadway, typically made of concrete though originally consisting of a line of kerbstones.


lexentry: eng/kerfuffle__Noun__1
written_rep: kerfuffle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poruszenie
sense_list:
(chiefly, Commonwealth, informal) A disorderly outburst, disturbance, commotion, or tumult. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/kernel__Noun__1
written_rep: kernel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: jądro | jajko
sense_list:
(computing) The central part of many computer operating systems which manages the system's resources and the communication between hardware and software components.


lexentry: eng/kernel__Noun__1
written_rep: kernel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: jądro
sense_list:
(mathematics, algebra, loosely, of a morphism f between algebraic structures) The set of elements of the domain of f which are mapped to an identity element.


lexentry: eng/kerosene__Noun__1
written_rep: kerosene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nafta
sense_list:
A thin, often colorless or blue or straw-colored petroleum-based fuel, heavier than gasoline/petrol or naphtha but lighter than diesel, used primarily as jet fuel but also for heating and lighting in some remote or impoverished areas.


lexentry: eng/kerygma__Noun__1
written_rep: kerygma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kerygmat
sense_list:
The Apostolic proclamation of religious truths; the core teachings of Christianity taught by the early Church.


lexentry: eng/ketamine__Noun__1
written_rep: ketamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ketamina
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A synthetic compound used as a dissociative anesthetic and analgesic drug and also recreationally as a hallucinogen.


lexentry: eng/ketch__Noun__1
written_rep: ketch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kecz
sense_list:
A fore-and-aft rigged sailing vessel with two masts, main and mizzen, the mizzen being stepped forward of the rudder post.


lexentry: eng/ketchup__Noun__1
written_rep: ketchup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: keczup | ketchup
sense_list:
(uncountable, chiefly, US, Canada, UK) Ellipsis of tomato ketchup (“a tomato-vinegar-based sauce, sometimes containing spices, onion or garlic, and (especially in the US) sweeteners”).


lexentry: eng/ketone__Noun__1
written_rep: ketone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: keton
sense_list:
(organic compound) A homologous series of organic molecules whose functional group is an oxygen atom joined to a carbon atom—by a double bond—in a carbon-hydrogen based molecule.


lexentry: eng/kettlebell__Noun__1
written_rep: kettlebell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: giria
sense_list:
A weight consisting of a cast iron ball with a single handle for gripping the weight during exercise.


lexentry: eng/kettledrum__Noun__1
written_rep: kettledrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kocioł
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A large percussion instrument with a drumhead that is stretched over a hemispherical metal bowl.


lexentry: eng/kettling__Noun__1
written_rep: kettling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiersza
sense_list:
A crowd control technique, used by police, where a hostile group of protesters or rioters are surrounded and not allowed to disperse, sometimes with the use of temporary fencing to corral and isolate portions of the group.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
written_rep: key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: klucz
sense_list:
(countable) An object designed to open and close a lock. | A crucial step or requirement. | In musical instruments, one of the valve levers used to select notes, such as a lever opening a hole on a woodwind. | (historical) A manual electrical switching device primarily used for the transmission of Morse code. | (cryptography) A piece of information (e.g., a password or passphrase) used to encode or decode a message or messages. | (databases) In a relational database, a field used as an index into another table (not necessarily unique). | (computing) A value that uniquely identifies an entry in a container. | (biology) A series of logically organized groups of discriminating information which aims to allow the user to correctly identify a taxon.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
written_rep: key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: klawisz
sense_list:
(computing) One of several small, usually square buttons on a typewriter or computer keyboard, mostly corresponding to text characters.


lexentry: eng/key__Noun__1
written_rep: key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: klucz | klawisz
sense_list:
In instruments with a keyboard such as an organ or piano, one of the levers, or especially the exposed front end of it, which are depressed to cause a particular sound or note to be produced.


lexentry: eng/key_logger__Noun__1
written_rep: key logger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rejestrator klawiszy
sense_list:
(computing) Software or hardware designed to record keyboard entries, often for the purpose of stealing passwords or other sensitive data.


lexentry: eng/key_signature__Noun__1
written_rep: key signature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znaki przykluczowe
sense_list:
(music) An indication of the key of a composition, giving the number of sharps or flats in the corresponding scale.


lexentry: eng/keyboard__Noun__1
written_rep: keyboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: klawiatura
sense_list:
(computing, etc.) A set of keys laid out in a grid-like pattern, used for typing on a typewriter, computer etc. | (music) A component of many instruments, including the piano, organ, and harpsichord, consisting of usually black and white keys that cause different tones to be produced when struck.


lexentry: eng/keyboard__Noun__1
written_rep: keyboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: klawiatura | keyboard
sense_list:
(music) An electronic device containing a keyboard (preceding sense), especially one that is capable of producing musical sounds when the keys are played.


lexentry: eng/keyboard_shortcut__Noun__1
written_rep: keyboard shortcut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skrót klawiszowy
sense_list:
(computing) A key, or more usually a combination of keys, on the keyboard of a personal computer that activates a specific, predefined function.


lexentry: eng/keycard__Noun__1
written_rep: keycard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paszport
sense_list:
A usually plastic card which stores a digital signature that is used to operate an electronic access control lock.


lexentry: eng/keyholder__Noun__1
written_rep: keyholder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: klucznica | klucznik
sense_list:
One who holds the key for security reasons. | A device or component for holding a key. | (BDSM) A dominant partner who controls whether their submissive partner is able or allowed to orgasm or receive sexual stimulation, typically by locking the submissive partner in a chastity belt or chastity cage.


lexentry: eng/keyhole__Noun__1
written_rep: keyhole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dziurka od klucza
sense_list:
Any small opening resembling the hole for a key in shape or function; especially, one that gives a vista of, or access to, a space beyond.


lexentry: eng/keynote__Noun__1
written_rep: keynote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nić przewodnia
sense_list:
A speech that sets the main theme of a conference or other gathering; a keynote speech or keynote address.


lexentry: eng/keywork__Noun__1
written_rep: keywork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mechanizmy klawiszowe
sense_list:
(music) Collectively, the mechanisms of a woodwind musical instrument such as a flute or clarinet that support the operation of its keys.


lexentry: eng/khagan__Noun__1
written_rep: khagan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kagan
sense_list:
(historical) A khan of khans, a ruler of a khaganate; (the holder of) an imperial rank used among certain Turkic and Mongolian peoples, equal in status to an emperor.


lexentry: eng/khalat__Noun__1
written_rep: khalat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: chałat | łapserdak
sense_list:
(historical, Judaism) A long, close-fitting coat with shawl collars and pockets, worn by Ashkenazi Jewish men in Eastern Europe until the early 20th century


lexentry: eng/khamsin__Noun__1
written_rep: khamsin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chamsin
sense_list:
A hot, dry wind, common in Egypt, Sudan and the Levant towards the end of March and April, which blows (for about 50 days each year) from the desert, bringing with it hot weather and sand / sandstorms.


lexentry: eng/khanate__Noun__1
written_rep: khanate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chanat
sense_list:
The polity ruled by a khan, comprising one or more tribes or clans; a state or dominion ruled by this polity; its territory.


lexentry: eng/khat__Noun__1
written_rep: khat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czuwaliczka jadalna
sense_list:
A shrub, Catha edulis, whose leaves are used as a mild stimulant when chewed or brewed as tea; also a drug produced from this plant.


lexentry: eng/khedive__Noun__1
written_rep: khedive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kedyw
sense_list:
The title of the hereditary monarch of Egypt from 1805–1914, nominally ruling as a viceroy of the Sultan of Turkey.


lexentry: eng/khorovod__Noun__1
written_rep: khorovod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: korowód
sense_list:
a Slavic art form, a combination of a circle dance and chorus singing, similar to chorea of ancient Greece, also in Romania (horă)


lexentry: eng/khutbah__Noun__1
written_rep: khutbah
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chutba
sense_list:
(Islam) A talk or sermon delivered in mosques before the Friday prayer, or at other special occasions.


lexentry: eng/kibbutz__Noun__1
written_rep: kibbutz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kibuc
sense_list:
A community, usually an agricultural one in Israel, based on a high level of social and economical sharing, equality, direct democracy and tight social relations.


lexentry: eng/kick__Verb__1
written_rep: kick
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kopać | kopnąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To strike or hit with the foot or other extremity of the leg. | (transitive) To direct to a particular place by a blow with the foot or leg.


lexentry: eng/kick_in__Verb__1
written_rep: kick in
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: podarować
sense_list:
(transitive, and, intransitive, idiomatic) To contribute, especially to a collection of money; to hand over.


lexentry: eng/kick_off__Verb__1
written_rep: kick off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozpoczynać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To make the first kick in a game or part of a game. | (ambitransitive, idiomatic) To start; to launch; to set in motion.


lexentry: eng/kick_off__Verb__1
written_rep: kick off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: brakować
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To suddenly become more active. | (intransitive, UK, idiomatic, colloquial) To be overcome with anger, to start an argument or a fight; to behave aggressively.


lexentry: eng/kick_rocks__Verb__1
written_rep: kick rocks
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spierdalać
sense_list:
(slang, dismissal, idiomatic) To leave or run away; to skedaddle; (often used imperatively and dismissively).


lexentry: eng/kick_someone's_ass__Verb__1
written_rep: kick someone's ass
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lać
sense_list:
(idiomatic, sometimes considered, vulgar, chiefly, US, Canada) To clobber someone; to beat someone severely.


lexentry: eng/kick_someone's_ass__Verb__1
written_rep: kick someone's ass
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kopać w dupę
sense_list:
(literally, sometimes considered, vulgar, chiefly, US, Canada) To actually kick someone in the buttocks.


lexentry: eng/kick_up_a_fuss__Verb__1
written_rep: kick up a fuss
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: robić scenę | zrobić scenę
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To show annoyance, or to complain loudly about something, often when it is of little importance in reality.


lexentry: eng/kick_wheel__Noun__1
written_rep: kick wheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koło garncarskie
sense_list:
(ceramics) A wheel or disc used to throw pots, turned by kicking or pushing a heavy stone or concrete base with the foot.


lexentry: eng/kickback__Noun__1
written_rep: kickback
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: łapówka
sense_list:
(countable, informal) A covert, often illegal, payment in return for a favor consisting of providing an opportunity of chargeable transaction; especially, a kind of quid pro quo in which if you (an insider) secretly help me (an outsider) win the bid for the contract then I will secretly send you a portion of the contract value; thus, a kind of bribe.


lexentry: eng/kickboxing__Noun__1
written_rep: kickboxing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kick boxing | kick-boxing
sense_list:
(martial arts) A hybrid martial art derived from Muay Thai, karate, and especially boxing during the 1960s to 1970s; more generally, any stand-up combat sport that combines kicks and punches.


lexentry: eng/kicker__Noun__1
written_rep: kicker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: zasadzka
sense_list:
(colloquial) An unexpected situation, detail or circumstance, often unpleasant, serving as a punchline or clincher.


lexentry: eng/kicksled__Noun__1
written_rep: kicksled
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sanie
sense_list:
A type of small sled consisting of a handlebar mounted on a pair of flexible metal runners. The driver stands on the runners and kicks the sled forward with one foot. In front of the handlebar there's often a seat for a passenger.


lexentry: eng/kickstand__Noun__1
written_rep: kickstand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: noga
sense_list:
A levered bar that can be folded down from the frame of a bicycle or motorcycle to prop it upright when not being ridden.


lexentry: eng/kid__Noun__1
written_rep: kid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzieciak
sense_list:
(colloquial) An inexperienced person or one in a junior position. | (informal) A child (usually), teenager, or young adult.


lexentry: eng/kidnap__Verb__1
written_rep: kidnap
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porywać | uprowadzać | porwać | uprowadzić
sense_list:
(transitive) To seize or detain a person unlawfully and move or conceal them; sometimes for ransom. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/kidney-shaped__Adjective__1
written_rep: kidney-shaped
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nerkowaty
sense_list:
Having a shape like a kidney, that is, an approximately circular or elongated ovoid shape with an inward curve or indentation on one side.


lexentry: eng/kidney_dish__Noun__1
written_rep: kidney dish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nerka
sense_list:
(medicine, surgery) A shallow kidney-shaped basin for holding soiled dressings and other medical waste.


lexentry: eng/kill__Verb__1
written_rep: kill
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zgasić | zgaszać
sense_list:
(transitive) To render inoperative. | (transitive, figuratively) To stop, cease, or render void; to terminate. | (transitive, or, intransitive, figuratively, hyperbole) To cause great pain, discomfort, or distress to; to hurt.


lexentry: eng/kill_time__Verb__1
written_rep: kill time
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zabić czas
sense_list:
(informal, intransitive) To engage in an activity whose only purpose is to make the time seem to pass more quickly; to fill the time between activities.


lexentry: eng/killdeer__Noun__1
written_rep: killdeer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sieweczka krzykliwa
sense_list:
A North American plover (Charadrius vociferus) with a distinctive cry and territorial behavior that includes feigning injury to attract predators and spare the young in the nest.


lexentry: eng/killed_in_action__Adjective__1
written_rep: killed in action
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zabity w akcji
sense_list:
(chiefly, military) The designation for a member of an organization (primarily military) who has died while on duty.


lexentry: eng/kiln__Noun__1
written_rep: kiln
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piec do wypalania cegły | suszarnia
sense_list:
An oven or furnace or a heated chamber, for the purpose of hardening, burning, calcining or drying anything; for example, firing ceramics, curing or preserving tobacco, or drying grain.


lexentry: eng/kilo-__Prefix__1
written_rep: kilo-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kilo-
sense_list:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 1,000. Symbol: k | (computing) Multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 210 (1024)


lexentry: eng/kilo__Noun__1
written_rep: kilo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kilo
sense_list:
(international standards) alternative letter-case form of Kilo from the NATO/ICAO Phonetic Alphabet.


lexentry: eng/kilocalorie__Noun__1
written_rep: kilocalorie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kilokaloria
sense_list:
A non-SI unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories (small calories), used (now rare) in chemistry or physics; equal to 1 calorie as used in nutrition. Symbol kcal.


lexentry: eng/kilogram__Noun__1
written_rep: kilogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kilogram | kilo
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the base unit of mass; conceived of as the mass of one litre of water, but now defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.626 070 15 × 10-34 when expressed in units of kg⋅m2⋅s−1. Symbol: kg


lexentry: eng/kilt__Noun__1
written_rep: kilt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kilt
sense_list:
A traditional Scottish garment, usually worn by men, having roughly the same morphology as a wrap-around skirt, with overlapping front aprons and pleated around the sides and back, and usually made of twill-woven worsted wool with a tartan pattern. [from 18th c.] | A variety of non-bifurcated garments made for men and loosely resembling a Scottish kilt, but most often made from different fabrics and not always with tartan plaid designs.


lexentry: eng/kilter__Noun__1
written_rep: kilter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: harmonia
sense_list:
(chiefly in the negative) Chiefly in out of kilter: (good) condition, form, or order; fettle. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/kimbap__Noun__1
written_rep: kimbap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kimbap
sense_list:
A Korean dish of steamed white rice and other ingredients rolled in sheets of dried laver seaweed and served in bite-size slices.


lexentry: eng/kimchi__Noun__1
written_rep: kimchi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kimchi
sense_list:
A Korean dish made of vegetables, such as cabbage or radishes, that are salted, seasoned, and stored in sealed containers to undergo lactic acid fermentation.


lexentry: eng/kimono__Noun__1
written_rep: kimono
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kimono
sense_list:
A traditional Japanese T-shaped, wrapped-front garment with square sleeves and a rectangular body, now generally worn only on formal occasions.


lexentry: eng/kinase__Noun__1
written_rep: kinase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kinaza
sense_list:
(enzyme, organic compound) Any of a group of enzymes that transfer phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules, such as ATP, to specific target molecules (substrates), in a process termed phosphorylation.


lexentry: eng/kination__Noun__1
written_rep: kination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kinacja
sense_list:
(astronomy) Cosmological phase of the dominance of kinetic energy over potential energy. Coined by Michael Joyce in 1996 in the paper "Electroweak baryogenesis and the expansion rate of the Universe".


lexentry: eng/kindergarten__Noun__1
written_rep: kindergarten
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedszkole | dzieciniec
sense_list:
(North America, Australia) An educational institution for young children, usually between ages 4 and 6; nursery school. [from 1852]


lexentry: eng/kindle__Verb__1
written_rep: kindle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wzniecać | wzniecić
sense_list:
(transitive, figurative) To arouse or inspire (a passion, etc). | (intransitive, figurative) To begin to grow or take hold.


lexentry: eng/kinematics__Noun__1
written_rep: kinematics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kinematyka
sense_list:
(physics) The branch of mechanics concerned with objects in motion, but not with the forces involved.


lexentry: eng/kinesthesia__Noun__1
written_rep: kinesthesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kinestezja
sense_list:
Proprioception or static position sense; the perception of the position and posture of the body; also, more broadly, including the motion of the body as well. See usage notes below.


lexentry: eng/kinetic_energy__Noun__1
written_rep: kinetic energy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: energia kinetyczna
sense_list:
(physics) The energy possessed by an object because of its motion, equal (nonrelativistically) to one half the mass of the body times the square of its speed.


lexentry: eng/kinetics__Noun__1
written_rep: kinetics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kinetyka
sense_list:
(mechanics) The branch of mechanics concerned with motion of objects, as well as the reason i.e. the forces acting on such bodies. This, along with kinematics constitute dynamics, which is concerned purely with the effects of forces on moving bodies.


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
written_rep: king
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: król
sense_list:
A male monarch; a man who heads a monarchy; in an absolute monarchy, the supreme ruler of his nation. | (chess) The principal chess piece, that players seek to threaten with unavoidable capture to result in a victory by checkmate. It is often the tallest piece, with a symbolic crown with a cross at the top. | (card games) A playing card with the letter "K" and the image of a king on it, the thirteenth card in a given suit.


lexentry: eng/king__Noun__1
written_rep: king
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: damka
sense_list:
A checker (a piece of checkers/draughts) that reached the farthest row forward, thus becoming crowned (either by turning it upside-down, or by stacking another checker on it) and gaining more freedom of movement.


lexentry: eng/king_cake__Noun__1
written_rep: king cake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciasto Trzech Króli
sense_list:
(Louisiana) A decorative cake distributed among friends or visitors on Epiphany. In many traditions it contains a pea, a trinket or some other small object which entitles its finder to be the "king" for one day.


lexentry: eng/king_cobra__Noun__1
written_rep: king cobra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kobra królewska
sense_list:
A large venomous snake found in East Asia (Ophiophagus hannah), the longest venomous snake in the world.


lexentry: eng/kingdom__Noun__1
written_rep: kingdom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: królestwo
sense_list:
A realm having a king or queen as its actual or nominal sovereign. | (taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below domain and above phylum; a taxon at that rank (e.g. the plant kingdom, the animal kingdom).


lexentry: eng/kingfisher__Noun__1
written_rep: kingfisher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zimorodek
sense_list:
Any of various birds of the suborder Alcedines (or the family Alcedinidae sensu lato), having a large head, short tail and brilliant colouration; they feed mostly on fish.


lexentry: eng/kingpin__Noun__1
written_rep: kingpin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bałwan
sense_list:
(transportation) The axis around which steered wheels pivot; a bolt that holds the axis in place—a kingbolt. | (transportation) The pivot or connector between a tractor and trailer in the fifth-wheel coupling of semi-trailer truck. | (informal) The most important person in a usually evil undertaking or organization, often a druglord. | (ten-pin, _, bowling) The pin at the centre of the triangle of bowling pins (originally the tallest pin in kayles). Sometimes also the headpin at the apex. | The bolt holding together the truck of a roller skate or skateboard.


lexentry: eng/kinkajou__Noun__1
written_rep: kinkajou
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kinkażu | wikławiec
sense_list:
Potos flavus, a carnivorous mammal of Central America and South America with a long, prehensile tail, related to the raccoon.


lexentry: eng/kintsugi__Noun__1
written_rep: kintsugi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kintsugi
sense_list:
The Japanese art of repairing broken pottery with lacquer dusted or mixed with powdered gold or similar material, highlighting the cracks instead of disguising them.


lexentry: eng/kiosk__Noun__1
written_rep: kiosk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kiosk
sense_list:
A small enclosed structure, often freestanding, open on one side or with a window, used as a booth to sell newspapers, cigarettes, etc.


lexentry: eng/kip__Verb__1
written_rep: kip
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przespać się z kimś
sense_list:
(informal, chiefly, UK) To sleep; often with the connotation of a temporary or charitable situation, or one borne out of necessity.


lexentry: eng/kisel__Noun__1
written_rep: kisel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kisiel
sense_list:
A dessert (sometimes consumed as a drink) made from fruit or berry juice and thickened with starch, common in Slavic and Baltic countries as well as Finland.


lexentry: eng/kiss__Verb__1
written_rep: kiss
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: całować | pocałować
sense_list:
(transitive) To touch with the lips or press the lips against, usually to show love or affection or passion, or as part of a greeting. | (reciprocal) Of two or more people, to touch each other's lips together, usually to express love or affection or passion.


lexentry: eng/kiss_me__Phrase__1
written_rep: kiss me
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pocałuj mnie
sense_list:
I informally request that you kiss me—that you touch my lips with your lips or press the lips against, as an expression of love or affection.


lexentry: eng/kiss_of_peace__Noun__1
written_rep: kiss of peace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znak pokoju
sense_list:
(Christianity) An early Christian greeting consisting of a kiss, originally on the mouth but later on the cheek, still used in some traditional churches.


lexentry: eng/kit__Noun__1
written_rep: kit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rynsztunek
sense_list:
A collection of items forming the equipment of a soldier, carried in a knapsack. | Any collection of items needed for a specific purpose, especially for use by a workman, or personal effects packed for travelling.


lexentry: eng/kitchen_sink__Noun__1
written_rep: kitchen sink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zlew | zlewozmywak
sense_list:
A sink in a kitchen used for washing crockery, cutlery, utensils, food, etc., and disposing of waste.


lexentry: eng/kitchen_sink__Noun__1
written_rep: kitchen sink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: funt rozmaitości | mydło i powidło
sense_list:
(also, attributive) A miscellaneous item or a miscellany, especially exemplifying an indiscriminate profusion.


lexentry: eng/kitchenware__Noun__1
written_rep: kitchenware
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: naczynia kuchenne | przybory kuchenne | sprzęt kuchenny
sense_list:
Instruments and utensils found in a kitchen, particularly those associated with the preparation and serving of food.


lexentry: eng/kite__Noun__1
written_rep: kite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: latawiec | deltoid
sense_list:
(geometry) A polygon resembling the shape of a traditional toy kite (sense 3): a quadrilateral having two pairs of edges of equal length, the edges of each pair touching each other at one end.


lexentry: eng/kite__Noun__1
written_rep: kite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: latawiec
sense_list:
(sailing, dated) In a square-rigged ship: originally a sail positioned above a topsail; later a lightweight sail set above the topgallants, such as a studding sail or a jib topsail.


lexentry: eng/kite__Noun__1
written_rep: kite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 14
trans_list: gryps
sense_list:
(US, prison slang) A (usually concealed) letter or oral message, especially one passed illegally into, within, or out of a prison.


lexentry: eng/kith__Noun__1
written_rep: kith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyjaźń
sense_list:
(archaic, or, obsolete, uncountable) Friends and acquaintances. | (Northern England, Scotland, rural, countable) An acquaintance or a friend.


lexentry: eng/kitsch__Noun__1
written_rep: kitsch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kicz
sense_list:
Art, decorative objects, and other forms of representation of questionable artistic or aesthetic value; a representation that is excessively sentimental, overdone, or vulgar.


lexentry: eng/kittiwake__Noun__1
written_rep: kittiwake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mewa trójpalczasta
sense_list:
Either of two small gulls in the genus Rissa of the family Laridae that nest in colonies on sea cliffs and spend the winter on the open ocean.


lexentry: eng/kiwi_fruit__Noun__1
written_rep: kiwi fruit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kiwi
sense_list:
A Chinese gooseberry vine fruit, having a hairy brown skin and dark green (or in the case of the kiwi fruit gold, yellow) flesh with fine black seeds, almost always varieties of Actinidia deliciosa.


lexentry: eng/klaxon__Noun__1
written_rep: klaxon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: klakson
sense_list:
A loud electric alarm or horn, especially as used in automobiles in the early 20th century. [from 1908]


lexentry: eng/klepht__Noun__1
written_rep: klepht
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: złodziej
sense_list:
(historical) An anti-Ottoman insurgent living in the mountains when Greece was a part of the Ottoman Empire.


lexentry: eng/kleptomania__Noun__1
written_rep: kleptomania
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kleptomania
sense_list:
(psychology) A psychological disorder that causes an uncontrollable obsession with stealing without economic or material need.


lexentry: eng/kleptoparasitism__Noun__1
written_rep: kleptoparasitism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kleptopasożytnictwo
sense_list:
(zoology) The parasitic theft of captured prey, nest material, etc., from animals of the same or another species.


lexentry: eng/klezmer__Noun__1
written_rep: klezmer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: klezmer | klezmerka | muzyka klezmerska
sense_list:
(music genre, uncountable) A type of popular Jewish folk music especially associated with Ashkenazi cultures.


lexentry: eng/klipspringer__Noun__1
written_rep: klipspringer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koziołek skalny
sense_list:
A small antelope native to eastern and southern Africa having a dense, brown, speckled coat (Oreotragus oreotragus).


lexentry: eng/kliros__Noun__1
written_rep: kliros
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kliros
sense_list:
(Christianity) The section of an Eastern Orthodox or Eastern Catholic church dedicated to the choir.


lexentry: eng/kludge__Noun__1
written_rep: kludge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prowizorka
sense_list:
(informal) Any construction or practice, typically crude yet effective, designed to solve a problem temporarily or expediently.


lexentry: eng/knacker's_yard__Noun__1
written_rep: knacker's yard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bakutil
sense_list:
The area of a slaughterhouse where carcasses unfit for human consumption or other purposes are rendered down to produce useful materials such as glue.


lexentry: eng/knead__Verb__1
written_rep: knead
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gnieść | miesić | ugniatać | zagniatać
sense_list:
(transitive) To work and press into a mass, usually with the hands; especially, to work, as by repeated pressure with the knuckles, into a well mixed mass, the materials of bread, cake, etc.


lexentry: eng/kneaded_eraser__Noun__1
written_rep: kneaded eraser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gumka chlebowa
sense_list:
A tool made from pliable material resembling putty or chewing gum that is used to absorb graphite or charcoal.


lexentry: eng/knee-high__Noun__1
written_rep: knee-high
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podkolanówka | zakolanówka
sense_list:
(US, usually, in the plural) A sock or stocking that reaches to the knees; chiefly, women's nylon stockings that end slightly above the knee and are supported by garter belts.


lexentry: eng/knee__Noun__1
written_rep: knee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kolano
sense_list:
(anatomy) In humans, the joint or the region of the joint in the middle part of the leg between the thigh and the shank. | The part of a garment that covers the knee. | (figurative) The presence of a parent etc., where a young child acquires early knowledge.


lexentry: eng/kneecap__Verb__1
written_rep: kneecap
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestrzelić kolana
sense_list:
(transitive) To destroy the knees of (a person), usually by shooting at the knees, as a punishment carried out by criminals or terrorists.


lexentry: eng/kneeling_chair__Noun__1
written_rep: kneeling chair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: klękosiad
sense_list:
A type of chair for sitting in a position with the thighs dropped to an angle of about 60 to 70 degrees from vertical (as opposed to 90 degrees when sitting in a normal chair), with some of the body's weight supported by the shins.


lexentry: eng/knell__Verb__1
written_rep: knell
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bić w dzwon | dzwonić
sense_list:
(intransitive) To ring a bell slowly, especially for a funeral; to toll. | (transitive) To signal or proclaim something (especially a death) by ringing a bell.


lexentry: eng/knife__Noun__1
written_rep: knife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nóż
sense_list:
A utensil or a tool designed for cutting, consisting of a flat piece of hard material, usually steel or other metal (the blade), usually sharpened on one edge, attached to a handle. The blade may be pointed for piercing. | A weapon designed with the aforementioned specifications intended for slashing or stabbing but too short to be called a sword; a dagger. | Any blade-like part in a tool or a machine designed for cutting, such as that of a chipper.


lexentry: eng/knife_pleat__Noun__1
written_rep: knife pleat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: plisa płaska
sense_list:
(sewing) A type of sharply pressed pleating, especially in a skirt or kilt, in which all of the folds are turned in one direction, with each pleat being three layers of fabric thick.


lexentry: eng/knight-errant__Noun__1
written_rep: knight-errant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: błędny rycerz
sense_list:
A knight in a medieval romance who wanders in search of adventure and opportunities to prove his chivalry. | A person who displays an adventurous or a quixotic spirit.


lexentry: eng/knight__Noun__1
written_rep: knight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: skoczek | koń | konik
sense_list:
(chess) A chess piece, often in the shape of a horse's head, that is moved two squares in one direction and one at right angles to that direction in a single move, leaping over any intervening pieces.


lexentry: eng/knish__Noun__1
written_rep: knish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: knysz
sense_list:
An Eastern European Jewish, or Yiddish, snack food consisting of a dumpling covered with a shell of baked or fried dough


lexentry: eng/knit__Verb__1
written_rep: knit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: robić na drutach | dziać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To turn thread or yarn into a piece of fabric by forming loops that are pulled through each other. This can be done by hand with needles or by machine. | (ambitransitive) To create a stitch by pulling the working yarn through an existing stitch from back to front.


lexentry: eng/knob__Noun__1
written_rep: knob
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gałka
sense_list:
A rounded protuberance, especially one arising from a flat surface; a fleshy lump or caruncle. | A rounded control switch that can be turned on its axis, designed to be operated by the fingers.


lexentry: eng/knock_about__Verb__1
written_rep: knock about
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pomiatać | pomieść | poniewierać | poobijać | sponiewierać | wytłuc
sense_list:
(transitive) To hit (someone or something) all over repeatedly; hence, to behave violently towards or mistreat (someone or something).


lexentry: eng/knock_down__Verb__1
written_rep: knock down
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obalić | powalić | zbić | zwalić
sense_list:
(transitive) To hit or knock (something or someone), intentionally or accidentally, so that it falls.


lexentry: eng/knock_it_off__Verb__1
written_rep: knock it off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kończyć
sense_list:
(colloquial, mostly, imperative, idiom) To cease doing something, particularly annoying or unpleasant; to desist.


lexentry: eng/knock_on_wood__Verb__1
written_rep: knock on wood
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpukać w niemalowane drewno
sense_list:
(idiomatic, US, Philippines) To take a customary action to ward off some misfortune that is believed to be attracted by a presumptuous statement.


lexentry: eng/knock_up__Verb__1
written_rep: knock up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wyczerpać
sense_list:
(dated) To exhaust; wear out; tire out; to fatigue until unable to do more. [from 18th c.] | (dated, intransitive) To become exhausted or worn out; to fail of strength; to become wearied, as with labor; to give out. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/knockout__Noun__1
written_rep: knockout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nokaut
sense_list:
The act of making one unconscious, or at least unable to come back on one's feet within a certain period of time; a TKO.


lexentry: eng/knot__Noun__1
written_rep: knot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: węzeł
sense_list:
A looping of a piece of string or of any other long, flexible material that cannot be untangled without passing one or both ends of the material through its loops. | A tangled clump of hair or similar. | (mathematics) A non-self-intersecting closed curve in (e.g., three-dimensional) space that is an abstraction of a knot (in sense 1 above). | (aviation) A unit of indicated airspeed, calibrated airspeed, or equivalent airspeed, which varies in its relation to the unit of speed so as to compensate for the effects of different ambient atmospheric conditions on aircraft performance.


lexentry: eng/knout__Noun__1
written_rep: knout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: knut | bicz | nahajka
sense_list:
A leather scourge (multi-tail whip), in the severe version known as 'great knout' with metal weights on each tongue, notoriously used in imperial Russia.


lexentry: eng/know-it-all__Noun__1
written_rep: know-it-all
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mądrala | besserwisser | przemądrzalec | chłopek-roztropek | mądraliński
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, pejorative) Someone who claims to be knowledgeable or an expert in something, obnoxiously dismissing the opinions, advice, suggestions, etc. of others.


lexentry: eng/know__Verb__1
written_rep: know
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiedzieć | znać
sense_list:
(transitive) To perceive the truth or factuality of; to be certain of; to be certain that. | (intransitive) To have knowledge; to have information, be informed.


lexentry: eng/know__Verb__1
written_rep: know
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: znać się | znać
sense_list:
(transitive, philosophy) To maintain (a belief, a position) subject to a given philosophical definition of knowledge; to hold a justified true belief.


lexentry: eng/know_of__Verb__1
written_rep: know of
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiedzieć
sense_list:
(transitive) To be aware of the existence of someone or something, but to have little or no other knowledge beyond that point.


lexentry: eng/knowledge__Noun__1
written_rep: knowledge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiedza
sense_list:
The fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc. [from 14th c.] | The total of what is known; all information and products of learning. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/knowledge__Noun__1
written_rep: knowledge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: świadomość | wiedza
sense_list:
Awareness of a particular fact or situation; a state of having been informed or made aware of something. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/knowledge_base__Noun__1
written_rep: knowledge base
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baza wiedzy
sense_list:
A database designed to meet the complex storage and retrieval requirements of computerized knowledge management, especially in support of artificial intelligence or expert systems.


lexentry: eng/knowledge_is_power__Proverb__1
written_rep: knowledge is power
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiedza to potęga
sense_list:
Scientia potentia est; with knowledge and/or education, one's potential or ability to succeed in the pursuit of one's objectives will certainly increase.


lexentry: eng/knuckle__Noun__1
written_rep: knuckle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: przegub
sense_list:
(shipbuilding) A convex portion of a vessel's figure where a sudden change of shape occurs, as in a canal boat, where a nearly vertical side joins a nearly flat bottom.


lexentry: eng/koala__Noun__1
written_rep: koala
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koala
sense_list:
A tree-dwelling marsupial, Phascolarctos cinereus, that resembles a small bear with a broad head, large ears and sharp claws, mainly found in eastern Australia.


lexentry: eng/koan__Noun__1
written_rep: koan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aporia
sense_list:
A riddle with no solution, used to provoke reflection on the inadequacy of logical reasoning, and to lead to enlightenment.


lexentry: eng/kobold__Noun__1
written_rep: kobold
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kobold
sense_list:
(German mythology) An ambivalent, sometimes vindictive, spirit that is capable of materialising as an object or human, often a child; a sprite. | (German folklore) A mischievous elf or goblin, or one connected (and helpful) to a family or household.


lexentry: eng/kobza__Noun__1
written_rep: kobza
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kobza
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A lute-like stringed instrument traditionally made from a single block of wood, with a medium-length neck, originating in Ukrainian folk music.


lexentry: eng/kofta__Noun__1
written_rep: kofta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kofta
sense_list:
Any of various spicy meatball or meatloaf dishes of the Middle East, Caucasus, South Asia, and the Balkans.


lexentry: eng/kogel_mogel__Noun__1
written_rep: kogel mogel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kogel-mogel
sense_list:
An egg-based homemade dessert made from egg yolks, sugar, and flavourings such as honey, vanilla, cocoa or rum, similar to eggnog, popular in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in Caucasus.


lexentry: eng/kohl__Noun__1
written_rep: kohl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kohl
sense_list:
A dark powder, usually powdered stibnite (an antimony ore), used as eye makeup, especially in Eastern countries.


lexentry: eng/kokutai__Noun__1
written_rep: kokutai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kokutai
sense_list:
The national essence and character of Japan viewed as conforming to Shinto-Confucian ideals, with the emperor as its ethical, spiritual, cultural and political center.


lexentry: eng/kola_nut__Noun__1
written_rep: kola nut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orzech kola
sense_list:
The edible seed of the kola tree, Cola acuminata and related species, used as a flavoring and as a source of caffeine.


lexentry: eng/kolach__Noun__1
written_rep: kolach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciasto
sense_list:
Type of pastry that holds a portion of fruit or cheese, surrounded by a puffy cushion of supple dough.


lexentry: eng/koliva__Noun__1
written_rep: koliva
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kutia
sense_list:
A dish made of sweetened boiled wheat, optionally mixed with nuts and spices, and used in Eastern Orthodox rituals to commemorate the dead or at slava.


lexentry: eng/kolovrat__Noun__1
written_rep: kolovrat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kołowrót | swarozyca | swarzyca | świąszczyca
sense_list:
(neopaganism, politics, fascism, nationalism) An eight-spoked swastika used by Slavic neopagan, fascist, and nationalist groups.


lexentry: eng/komboskini__Noun__1
written_rep: komboskini
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czotki
sense_list:
(Christianity) A rope of usually 33, 50 or 100 knots, used in meditative prayer in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic tradition, to count one's recitations of the Jesus Prayer.


lexentry: eng/kompromat__Noun__1
written_rep: kompromat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kompromat | hak | haki
sense_list:
Compromising material, blackmail material, (real or fabricated) evidence that a person does not want revealed, dirt.


lexentry: eng/konjac__Noun__1
written_rep: konjac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: konjak
sense_list:
Any of various food products made from the plant, including a flour and a gelatin, used to make noodles and candies, and as a food supplement for weight reduction.


lexentry: eng/kore__Noun__1
written_rep: kore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kora
sense_list:
(arts, sculpture) An Ancient Greek statue of a woman, portrayed standing, usually clothed, painted in bright colours and having an elaborate hairstyle.


lexentry: eng/korfball__Noun__1
written_rep: korfball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: korfball
sense_list:
(uncountable) A non-contact unisex team sport originating from the Netherlands, similar to netball, where players attempt to throw a ball into a basket atop a pole. | (countable) The ball used in the sport of korfball.


lexentry: eng/korovai__Noun__1
written_rep: korovai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: korowaj
sense_list:
A large, single-piece round or rectangular loaf of bread, elaborately decorated and served at a wedding


lexentry: eng/koruna__Noun__1
written_rep: koruna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: korona
sense_list:
The currency of the Czech Republic, divided into 100 hellers. | The former currency of Slovakia, divided into 100 haliers.


lexentry: eng/kosher__Adjective__1
written_rep: kosher
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koszerny
sense_list:
(Judaism) Fit for use or consumption, in accordance with Jewish law (especially relating to food). | (figuratively, by extension) In accordance with standards or usual practice.


lexentry: eng/koulouri__Noun__1
written_rep: koulouri
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: precel
sense_list:
A bagel or ring doughnut shaped bread roll covered with sesame or sunflower seeds, often sold on the streets of Greece and Cyprus.


lexentry: eng/krill__Noun__1
written_rep: krill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kryl
sense_list:
any of several small marine crustacean species of plankton in the order Euphausiacea in the class Malacostraca.


lexentry: eng/krone__Noun__1
written_rep: krone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orzeł
sense_list:
The currency of Iceland, Denmark (including Greenland and the Faroe Islands) and Norway, divided into 100 øre, except in Iceland where 1 króna = 100 aurar.


lexentry: eng/kroužek__Noun__1
written_rep: kroužek
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kółko
sense_list:
A ring-shaped diacritical mark (˚), whose use is largely restricted to Å, å and Ů, ů, and whereon it represents an etymological ‘o’.


lexentry: eng/krupnik__Noun__1
written_rep: krupnik
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krupnik
sense_list:
A thick Polish soup made from vegetable or meat broth, containing potatoes and barley groats. | A traditional alcoholic drink made from vodka (or other grain spirit) and honey, popular in Poland, Belarus, and Lithuania.


lexentry: eng/krypton__Noun__1
written_rep: krypton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krypton
sense_list:
(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol Kr) with an atomic number of 36. It is a colourless, odourless noble gas that only reacts with fluorine. It is one of the rarest gases in the Earth's atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/kugel__Noun__1
written_rep: kugel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gugiel | kugel | kugiel
sense_list:
A traditional savoury or sweet Jewish dish consisting of a baked pudding of pasta, potatoes, or rice, with vegetables, or raisins and spices.


lexentry: eng/kulak__Noun__1
written_rep: kulak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kułak
sense_list:
(historical) A prosperous peasant in the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union, who owned land and could hire workers.


lexentry: eng/kumquat__Noun__1
written_rep: kumquat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kumkwat
sense_list:
A small, orange citrus-like fruit which is native to Asia (Citrus japonica, syn. Fortunella japonica).


lexentry: eng/kurta__Noun__1
written_rep: kurta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kurta
sense_list:
A traditional article of clothing worn in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, consisting of a loose, collarless, long-sleeved, knee-length shirt worn by both men and women.


lexentry: eng/kurtosis__Noun__1
written_rep: kurtosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kurtoza
sense_list:
(statistics) A measure of "heaviness of the tails" of a probability distribution, defined as the fourth cumulant divided by the square of the variance of the probability distribution.


lexentry: eng/kuru__Noun__1
written_rep: kuru
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kuru
sense_list:
A chronic, progressive, fatal central nervous system disease found mainly among the Fore and neighboring peoples of New Guinea, caused by a prion that probably resembles the scrapie agent of sheep, transmissible to nonhuman primates, and believed to be transmitted by ritual cannibalism.


lexentry: eng/kyphosis__Noun__1
written_rep: kyphosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kifoza
sense_list:
(pathology) An abnormal convex curvature of the spine in the cervical or lumbar regions of the spine.


lexentry: eng/lab_rat__Noun__1
written_rep: lab rat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: królik doświadczalny
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A person or group used as the subject of an experiment or test, especially unwillingly or unwittingly.


lexentry: eng/label__Verb__1
written_rep: label
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: etykietować
sense_list:
(transitive) To put a label (a ticket or sign) on (something). | (ditransitive) To give a label to (someone or something) in order to categorise that person or thing.


lexentry: eng/labia_majora__Noun__1
written_rep: labia majora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wargi sromowe większe
sense_list:
(anatomy, primatology) The two outer rounded folds of adipose tissue that lie on either side of the opening of the vagina.


lexentry: eng/labialization__Noun__1
written_rep: labialization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: labializacja | uwargowienie
sense_list:
(phonology) A secondary articulatory feature of usually consonants that involves the contraction or rounding of the lips (labia) during pronunciation.


lexentry: eng/labium__Noun__1
written_rep: labium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: warga sromowa
sense_list:
(anatomy, usually, in the plural) A liplike structure; especially one of the vulva's two pairs of folds of skin on either side.


lexentry: eng/labneh__Noun__1
written_rep: labneh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jogurt grecki
sense_list:
Yogurt that has been strained to filter or remove the whey and thus has a consistency between that of yoghurt and cheese.


lexentry: eng/labor-intensive__Adjective__1
written_rep: labor-intensive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pracochłonny
sense_list:
(American spelling) Requiring a great deal of work, especially physical and manual effort versus capital.


lexentry: eng/labor_market__Noun__1
written_rep: labor market
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rynek pracy
sense_list:
(economics) The market consisting of the supply of unemployed workers in relation to the demand for them.


lexentry: eng/labor_theory_of_value__Noun__1
written_rep: labor theory of value
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: laborystyczna teoria wartości
sense_list:
(economics, political science) The theory, usually associated with Marxian economics, that freely reproducible goods obtain their value from socially necessary human labor time.


lexentry: eng/labour__Noun__1
written_rep: labour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: praca | robota
sense_list:
(uncountable) Workers in general; the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.


lexentry: eng/labour__Noun__1
written_rep: labour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: poród
sense_list:
(medicine, obstetrics) The act of a mother giving birth. | The time period during which a mother gives birth.


lexentry: eng/labour_force__Noun__1
written_rep: labour force
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siła robocza
sense_list:
The collective group of people who are available for employment, whether currently employed or unemployed (though sometimes only those unemployed people who are seeking work are included).


lexentry: eng/labyrinth__Noun__1
written_rep: labyrinth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: labirynt | błędnik
sense_list:
A structure similar to a maze, but containing only one path with no branches, as distinguished from a maze which contains multiple branching paths | (anatomy) A complex structure in the inner ear which contains the organs of hearing and balance, consisting of bony cavities (the bony labyrinth) filled with fluid and lined with sensitive membranes (the membranous labyrinth).


lexentry: eng/lac__Noun__1
written_rep: lac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lakier
sense_list:
A resinous substance or lacquer produced mainly on the banyan tree by the female of Kerria lacca, a scale insect.


lexentry: eng/lace__Noun__1
written_rep: lace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koronka
sense_list:
(uncountable) A light fabric containing patterns of holes, usually built up from a single thread. Wp


lexentry: eng/laches__Noun__1
written_rep: laches
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przedawnienie
sense_list:
(legal) An unreasonable delay in bringing a claim alleging a wrong, which means the person who waited shall not be permitted to seek an equitable remedy because the delay prejudiced the moving party.


lexentry: eng/lachrymatory__Noun__1
written_rep: lachrymatory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łzawnica
sense_list:
(archaeology) A vase supposedly intended to hold tears; formerly used by archaeologists to designate certain urns found in Roman burials.


lexentry: eng/lack_of_sleep__Noun__1
written_rep: lack of sleep
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brak snu
sense_list:
The condition of not having slept enough at any given time without any specification of cause. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/lackluster__Adjective__1
written_rep: lackluster
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bezbarwny
sense_list:
Having no shine or lustre; dull. | (figurative) Not exceptional; not worthy of special merit, attention, or interest; having no vitality.


lexentry: eng/lacquer__Noun__1
written_rep: lacquer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lakier
sense_list:
A glossy, resinous material used as a surface coating; either a natural exudation of certain trees, or a solution of nitrocellulose in alcohol, etc.


lexentry: eng/lacrimal_caruncle__Noun__1
written_rep: lacrimal caruncle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mięsko łzowe
sense_list:
(anatomy) A small globular nodule at the inner corner of the eye that covers sebaceous and sudoriferous glands.


lexentry: eng/lacrimal_gland__Noun__1
written_rep: lacrimal gland
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gruczoł łzowy
sense_list:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) Either of a pair of almond-shaped glands, one for each eye, that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film.


lexentry: eng/lacrimal_sac__Noun__1
written_rep: lacrimal sac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: woreczek łzowy
sense_list:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) The upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct that is situated in a groove formed by the lacrimal bone and the frontal process of the maxilla and receives the lacrimal canaliculi.


lexentry: eng/lacrosse__Noun__1
written_rep: lacrosse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lacrosse
sense_list:
(sports) A sport played on a field between two opposing teams using sticks (crosses) and a ball, whereby one team defeats the other by scoring more goals within the allotted time.


lexentry: eng/lactase__Noun__1
written_rep: lactase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: laktaza
sense_list:
(enzyme, organic compound) A β-galactosidase enzyme that is involved in the hydrolysis of the disaccharide lactose into constituent galactose and glucose monomers.


lexentry: eng/lactic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: lactic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas mlekowy
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid (CH3CHOHCO2H), a syrupy liquid, soluble in water; found in milk, wine and many fruits; used as a food additive and in many industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/lactose-free__Adjective__1
written_rep: lactose-free
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezlaktozowe
sense_list:
Not containing lactose. (Usually applied to foods made with milk but with the lactose thereof catabolized enzymatically.)


lexentry: eng/lactose__Noun__1
written_rep: lactose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: laktoza
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) The disaccharide sugar of milk and dairy products, C12H22O11, a product of glucose and galactose used as a food and in medicinal compounds.


lexentry: eng/lacuna__Noun__1
written_rep: lacuna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: luka
sense_list:
An absent part, especially in a book or other piece of writing, often referring to an ancient manuscript or similar.


lexentry: eng/ladder__Noun__1
written_rep: ladder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drabina
sense_list:
A frame, usually portable, of wood, metal, or rope, used for ascent and descent, consisting of two side pieces to which are fastened rungs (cross strips or rounds acting as steps). | (game of go) A sequence of moves following a zigzag pattern and ultimately leading to the capture of the attacked stones.


lexentry: eng/ladette__Noun__1
written_rep: ladette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chłopczyca
sense_list:
(informal) A young woman who behaves in a laddish manner, namely being boisterous and loud and drinking to excess.


lexentry: eng/ladies'_room__Noun__1
written_rep: ladies' room
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: toaleta damska
sense_list:
(euphemism) A public lavatory intended for use by women. | (historical) A waiting room in a railway station or other public building intended exclusively for women and usually including a separate women's lavatory.


lexentry: eng/ladies_and_gentlemen__Noun__1
written_rep: ladies and gentlemen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panie i panowie
sense_list:
Used to address an audience. | (rare, _, and, _, euphemism) Public toilets: a ladies' room and a gentlemen's room.


lexentry: eng/lady's_bedstraw__Noun__1
written_rep: lady's bedstraw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przytulia właściwa
sense_list:
A herbaceous perennial flowering plant, Galium verum, used in the Middle Ages for bedding and for making red dye.


lexentry: eng/lady's_slipper__Noun__1
written_rep: lady's slipper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obuwik
sense_list:
Any orchid of the subfamily Cypripedioideae, distinguished by their slipper-shaped pouches which trap insects to improve pollination rates.


lexentry: eng/lady's_thumb__Noun__1
written_rep: lady's thumb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rdest plamisty
sense_list:
A perennial plant of the knotweed family, native to Eurasia but introduced to many other regions, Persicaria maculosa.


lexentry: eng/lady-in-waiting__Noun__1
written_rep: lady-in-waiting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dama dworu
sense_list:
A lady, often a noblewoman, in the household of a queen, princess, or other woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant, generally a role considered an honour.


lexentry: eng/lady__Noun__1
written_rep: lady
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: pani | dama
sense_list:
A woman to whom the particular homage of a knight was paid; a woman to whom one is devoted or bound.


lexentry: eng/ladybird__Noun__1
written_rep: ladybird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biedronka | boża krówka
sense_list:
Any of the Coccinellidae family of beetles, typically having a round shape and red or yellow spotted elytra.


lexentry: eng/ladyboy__Noun__1
written_rep: ladyboy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ladyboy
sense_list:
(colloquial, chiefly, Thailand) A trans woman or transfeminine person in or from Asia, especially Thailand.


lexentry: eng/lag__Noun__1
written_rep: lag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: lag
sense_list:
A stave of a cask, drum, etc.; especially (engineering) one of the narrow boards or staves forming the covering of a cylindrical object, such as a boiler, or the cylinder of a carding machine or steam engine.


lexentry: eng/lagniappe__Noun__1
written_rep: lagniappe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: usługa
sense_list:
(chiefly, Louisiana, Mississippi, Trinidad and Tobago) An extra or unexpected gift or benefit, such as that given to customers when they purchase something.


lexentry: eng/lair__Noun__1
written_rep: lair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jama
sense_list:
A place inhabited by a wild animal, often a cave or a hole in the ground. | A shed or shelter for domestic animals.


lexentry: eng/lair__Noun__1
written_rep: lair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: barłóg
sense_list:
(figuratively) A place inhabited by a criminal or criminals, a superhero or a supervillain; a refuge, retreat, haven or hideaway.


lexentry: eng/lake__Noun__4
written_rep: lake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lakier
sense_list:
In the composition of colors for use in products intended for human consumption, made by extending on a substratum of alumina, a salt prepared from one of the certified water-soluble straight colors.


lexentry: eng/lamassu__Noun__1
written_rep: lamassu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lamassu
sense_list:
An Assyrian protective deity, often depicted as having the head of a human, the body of an ox or lion, and the wings of a bird.


lexentry: eng/lambada__Noun__1
written_rep: lambada
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lambada
sense_list:
(preceded by definite article) A fast-paced, erotic Brazilian dance in which couples dance with their stomachs touching.


lexentry: eng/lambda__Noun__1
written_rep: lambda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lambda
sense_list:
The eleventh letter of the Classical and Modern Greek alphabet, the twelfth of the Old Greek alphabet.


lexentry: eng/lambda_calculus__Noun__1
written_rep: lambda calculus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rachunek lambda
sense_list:
(computing theory) Any of a family of functionally complete algebraic systems in which lambda expressions are evaluated according to a fixed set of rules to produce values, which may themselves be lambda expressions.


lexentry: eng/lambda_function__Noun__1
written_rep: lambda function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: funkcja anonimowa
sense_list:
(programming) An anonymous function; a function that is defined in an inline, ad-hoc manner, and often doesn't have a name (not bound to an identifier).


lexentry: eng/lambdacism__Noun__1
written_rep: lambdacism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lambdacyzm
sense_list:
(phonology) A pronunciation shift whereby /l/ or other closely related phonemes are substituted for other sounds (typically /r/), as Sally for Sarah or Molly for Mary.


lexentry: eng/lambskin__Noun__1
written_rep: lambskin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baranek
sense_list:
The skin of a very young sheep, especially prepared with the fleece still attached. A very fine form of leather.


lexentry: eng/lametta__Noun__1
written_rep: lametta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lameta | łańcuch choinkowy
sense_list:
Thin wire or foil made of brass, gold or silver; now especially thin strips of metallic foil used as Christmas decoration.


lexentry: eng/lamia__Noun__1
written_rep: lamia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lamia
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) A monster preying upon human beings, who sucked the blood of children, often described as having the head and breasts of a woman and the lower half of a serpent.


lexentry: eng/lamina__Noun__1
written_rep: lamina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podkowa
sense_list:
(botany) The flat expanded part of a foliage leaf or leaflet. | (skeleton) Either of two broad, flat plates of bone of a vertebra that is fused with and extends from the pedicle to the median line of the neural arch to form the base of the spinous process and that along with the pedicle forms the posterior part of the vertebral foramen.


lexentry: eng/lamp__Noun__1
written_rep: lamp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lampa
sense_list:
A device that generates heat, light or other radiation. Especially an electric light bulb. | A device containing oil, burnt through a wick for illumination; an oil lamp.


lexentry: eng/lampblack__Noun__1
written_rep: lampblack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: barwnik sadzowy
sense_list:
An amorphous form of carbon made from incompletely burned organic matter; used to make pigments and inks.


lexentry: eng/lampoon__Noun__1
written_rep: lampoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paszkwil
sense_list:
A written attack or other work ridiculing a person, group, or institution; especially, a satirical one.


lexentry: eng/lamprey__Noun__1
written_rep: lamprey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: minóg
sense_list:
Any long slender primitive eel-like freshwater and saltwater fish of the order Petromyzontiformes, having a sucking mouth with rasping teeth but no jaw.


lexentry: eng/lampshade__Noun__1
written_rep: lampshade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abażur | klosz
sense_list:
A cover over a lamp to either diffuse the light or to block it in certain directions to avoid glare in the eyes.


lexentry: eng/lanceolate__Adjective__1
written_rep: lanceolate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lancetowaty
sense_list:
(botany, mycology) Having the general shape of a lance; much longer than wide, with the widest part lower than the middle and a pointed apex.


lexentry: eng/land__Noun__1
written_rep: land
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ziemia
sense_list:
Real estate or landed property; a partitioned and measurable area which is owned and acquired and on which buildings and structures can be built and erected. | A person's country of origin and/or homeplace; homeland. | (agriculture) Any of several portions into which a field is divided for ploughing. | In any surface prepared with indentations, perforations, or grooves, that part of the surface which is not so treated, such as the level part of a millstone between the furrows.


lexentry: eng/land_bridge__Noun__1
written_rep: land bridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pomost lądowy
sense_list:
(biogeography) An isthmus or other land connection between what at other times are separate land masses.


lexentry: eng/landau__Noun__1
written_rep: landau
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lando
sense_list:
A type of lightweight, four-wheeled carriage in which the front and back passenger seats face each other.


lexentry: eng/landfowl__Noun__1
written_rep: landfowl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ptak lądowy
sense_list:
Any of the heavy-bodied ground-feeding birds in the order Galliformes, which includes chickens, turkeys, peafowl, pheasants, grouse, quail, and other related species.


lexentry: eng/landing_craft__Noun__1
written_rep: landing craft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okręt desantowy
sense_list:
(nautical, military) A type of flat-bottomed boat used to transport infantry and vehicles onto a shore during an assault from the sea.


lexentry: eng/landing_gear__Noun__1
written_rep: landing gear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podwozie
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable, aviation) The wheels, tyres, brakes, shock absorbers etc of an aircraft; its undercarriage.


lexentry: eng/landing_net__Noun__1
written_rep: landing net
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kasarek | podbierak
sense_list:
(fishing) A fishnet mounted on a ring which is connected to a handle, used by anglers to secure a catch when pulling it out of the water by the line to which it is hooked.


lexentry: eng/landline__Noun__1
written_rep: landline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: telefon stacjonarny
sense_list:
(by extension) A telephone connected by such a fixed wire that allows multiple phones to operate simultaneously on the same phone number, specifically not wireless/mobile.


lexentry: eng/landlord__Noun__1
written_rep: landlord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: najmodawca | właściciel | wynajmujący
sense_list:
A person that leases real property; a lessor. | (surfing, slang, with "the") A shark, imagined as the owner of the surf to be avoided.


lexentry: eng/landrace__Noun__1
written_rep: landrace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lokalna odmiana
sense_list:
(often, attributive) Any local variety of a domesticated animal or plant species that has adapted over time to its ecological and cultural environment (including, in some cases, its work). [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/landscape__Noun__1
written_rep: landscape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krajobraz | pejzaż
sense_list:
A portion of land or territory which the eye can comprehend in a single view, including all the objects it contains. | The pictorial aspect of a country.


lexentry: eng/landscape__Noun__1
written_rep: landscape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: krajobraz
sense_list:
A picture representing a real or imaginary scene by land or sea, the main subject being the general aspect of nature, as fields, hills, forests, water, etc.


lexentry: eng/landslide__Noun__1
written_rep: landslide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osuwisko | obryw
sense_list:
A natural disaster that involves the breakup and downhill flow of rock, mud, water and anything caught in the path.


lexentry: eng/langos__Noun__1
written_rep: langos
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: langosz
sense_list:
A traditional Hungarian fried dough, usually seasoned with garlic, sour cream or cheese and sold as a fast food.


lexentry: eng/language__Noun__1
written_rep: language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: język | mowa
sense_list:
(countable) A body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication. | (countable, uncountable, figurative) The expression of thought (the communication of meaning) in a specified way; that which communicates something, as language does. | (computing, countable) A computer language; a machine language.


lexentry: eng/language__Noun__1
written_rep: language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: język | słownictwo
sense_list:
(uncountable) A sublanguage: the slang of a particular community or jargon of a particular specialist field. | (uncountable) The particular words used in a speech or a passage of text.


lexentry: eng/language_barrier__Noun__1
written_rep: language barrier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bariera językowa
sense_list:
A conceptual barrier to effective communication, occurring when people who speak different languages attempt to communicate with each other.


lexentry: eng/language_contact__Noun__1
written_rep: language contact
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kontakt językowy
sense_list:
(linguistics) The phenomenon in which speakers of two or more languages or varieties interact and influence each other.


lexentry: eng/language_exchange__Noun__1
written_rep: language exchange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wymiana językowa
sense_list:
A method of language learning based on mutual practice by learning partners who speak different languages.


lexentry: eng/languid__Adjective__1
written_rep: languid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ospały | ociężały | słaby
sense_list:
Of a person or their actions, character, etc.: lacking drive, emotion, or enthusiasm; apathetic, listless, spiritless, unenthusiastic.


lexentry: eng/languish__Verb__1
written_rep: languish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: marnieć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To lose strength and become weak; to be in a state of weakness or sickness. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/languish__Verb__1
written_rep: languish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: tęsknić
sense_list:
(intransitive) To pine away in longing for something; to have low spirits, especially from lovesickness. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/lansquenet__Noun__1
written_rep: lansquenet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lancknecht | landsknecht
sense_list:
(countable, historical) Any of a class of German mercenaries of the 15th and 16th centuries, most of whom were pikemen and foot soldiers.


lexentry: eng/lansquenet__Noun__1
written_rep: lansquenet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lancknecht
sense_list:
(uncountable) A gambling card game in which the dealer is given an initial card and the players another; cards are then turned up until the value (rank) of one of those cards is met.


lexentry: eng/lantern__Noun__1
written_rep: lantern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: latarnia
sense_list:
A case of translucent or transparent material made to protect a flame, or light, used to illuminate its surroundings. | (architectural element) An open structure of light material set upon a roof, to give light and air to the interior. | (architecture) A smaller and secondary cupola crowning a larger one, for ornament, or to admit light. | (steam engines) A kind of cage inserted in a stuffing box and surrounding a piston rod, to separate the packing into two parts and form a chamber between for the reception of steam, etc.; a lantern brass.


lexentry: eng/lanthanide__Noun__1
written_rep: lanthanide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lantanowce
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of the 15 rare earth elements from lanthanum to lutetium in the periodic table; because their outermost orbitals are not filled, they have very similar chemistry; below them are the actinides.


lexentry: eng/lanthanum__Noun__1
written_rep: lanthanum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lantan
sense_list:
(uncountable) A chemical element (symbol La) with an atomic number of 57: a soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes slowly when exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/lanyard__Noun__1
written_rep: lanyard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: smycz
sense_list:
(by extension) A cord worn around the neck, shoulder, or wrist which is attached to a small object to be carried such as an identity card or security pass, key, knife, or whistle.


lexentry: eng/lap__Noun__1
written_rep: lap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: podołek
sense_list:
The part of the clothing that lies on the knees or thighs when one sits down; that part of the person thus covered.


lexentry: eng/lap__Verb__3
written_rep: lap
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chłeptać | chlipać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To take (liquid) into the mouth with the tongue; to lick up with a quick motion of the tongue.


lexentry: eng/lap_dog__Noun__1
written_rep: lap dog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kanapowiec | pies pokojowy
sense_list:
A small toy dog, kept as household pet, whose light weight and companionable temperament make it both suited and disposed to spend time resting in the comfort of its master's lap; a dog bred to behave in this manner.


lexentry: eng/laparoscopy__Noun__1
written_rep: laparoscopy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: laparoskopia
sense_list:
(medicine) Examination of the loins or abdomen, now specifically examination or surgery on the peritoneal cavity using a laparoscope.


lexentry: eng/laparotomy__Noun__1
written_rep: laparotomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: laparotomia
sense_list:
(surgery) The surgical procedure for making an incision in the abdominal wall to gain access into the abdominal cavity. Performed either as exploratory surgery, or as the first step in an abdominal operation.


lexentry: eng/lapel__Noun__1
written_rep: lapel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: klapa
sense_list:
Each of the two triangular pieces of cloth on the front of a jacket or coat that are folded back below the throat, leaving a triangular opening between.


lexentry: eng/lapidary__Adjective__1
written_rep: lapidary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lapidarny | zwięzły
sense_list:
Of a piece of writing or a writing style: characteristic of or suitable for an inscription; embodying the precision and refinement of inscriptions on monuments; concise and stately.


lexentry: eng/lapti__Noun__1
written_rep: lapti
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: postoły | łapcie
sense_list:
A pair of the old traditional East Slavic (especially Russian) bast shoes, an obsolete traditional footwear of forest areas of Northern Europe, formerly worn by poorer members of the Finnic peoples, Balts, and East Slavs.


lexentry: eng/lapwing__Noun__1
written_rep: lapwing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czajka
sense_list:
Any of several medium-sized wading birds belonging to the subfamily Vanellinae, within family Charadriidae.


lexentry: eng/lar_gibbon__Noun__1
written_rep: lar gibbon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gibon białoręki | lar
sense_list:
A primate in the Hylobatidae family, Hylobates lar, with black or brown fur and white hands and feet.


lexentry: eng/larceny__Noun__1
written_rep: larceny
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kradzież
sense_list:
(legal, uncountable) The unlawful taking of personal property as an attempt to deprive the legal owner of it permanently. [from mid-15th c.]


lexentry: eng/larch__Noun__1
written_rep: larch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: modrzew
sense_list:
(countable) A coniferous tree, of genus Larix, having deciduous leaves, in fascicles. | (uncountable) Wood of the larch.


lexentry: eng/largescale_archerfish__Noun__1
written_rep: largescale archerfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strzelczyk wielki
sense_list:
An archerfish of species Toxotes chatareus, which is sooty in colour compared to the silveriness of most archerfish.


lexentry: eng/larkspur__Noun__1
written_rep: larkspur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostróżka
sense_list:
A delphinium: any plant of the genus Delphinium, especially Delphinium ajacis and other plants of the subgenus Delphinium subg. Consolida


lexentry: eng/larnax__Noun__1
written_rep: larnax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: larnaks
sense_list:
(archaeology, historical) A small closed coffin, box or cinerary urn often used as a container for human remains in Ancient Greece.


lexentry: eng/larva__Noun__1
written_rep: larva
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: larwa
sense_list:
An animal in the aforementioned stage. | (figurative) A preliminary stage of someone or something, before it has fully matured, especially a time of growth rather than one of performance.


lexentry: eng/laryngeal__Noun__1
written_rep: laryngeal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: laryngał
sense_list:
(Indo-European, _, linguistics) In Proto-Indo-European, one of the typically three reconstructed consonants usually marked as ⟨h₁⟩, ⟨h₂⟩ and ⟨h₃⟩.


lexentry: eng/larynx__Noun__1
written_rep: larynx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krtań
sense_list:
(anatomy, zootomy) A hollow muscular organ of the neck of mammals situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the oesophagus. It is involved in breath control and protection of the trachea, and, as it houses the vocal cords, sound production.


lexentry: eng/lasagna__Noun__1
written_rep: lasagna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lasagne | lazania | lazanie
sense_list:
A flat sheet of pasta. | An Italian baked dish comprising layers of such pasta with various ingredients (usually a meat ragù (chiefly Bolognese), a fish ragù or a vegetarian/vegetable ragù with bechamel sauce).


lexentry: eng/laser_printer__Noun__1
written_rep: laser printer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drukarka laserowa | laserówka
sense_list:
(computer hardware) A computer printer that uses a laser beam to produce an image on a rotating drum before transferring it to the paper.


lexentry: eng/lassie__Noun__1
written_rep: lassie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziewczyna
sense_list:
(chiefly, Scotland, Northern England, Geordie, Northumbria) A young girl, a lass, especially one seen as a sweetheart.


lexentry: eng/last__Adjective__1
written_rep: last
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostatni
sense_list:
Final, ultimate, coming after all others of its kind. | Farthest of all from a given quality, character, or condition; most unlikely, or least preferable.


lexentry: eng/last_but_not_least__Adverb__1
written_rep: last but not least
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na koniec
sense_list:
An expression to start the last item of a list, emphasising that while it is listed last, it is just as important as the rest of the items.


lexentry: eng/last_call__Noun__1
written_rep: last call
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostatnia szansa żeby zamówić
sense_list:
In a bar, the announcement that the establishment will soon be closing and that this is the final opportunity to buy drinks.


lexentry: eng/last_mile__Noun__1
written_rep: last mile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: łącze abonenckie
sense_list:
(telecommunications) The portion of the infrastructure that carries communication signals from the main system to the end user's business or home, often involving greater expense to install and maintain, and lower transmission speeds.


lexentry: eng/last_night__Adverb__1
written_rep: last night
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zeszłej nocy
sense_list:
during the previous day’s nighttime; during the night before today (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/last_night__Noun__1
written_rep: last night
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zeszła noc
sense_list:
(often, used adverbially) The evening or night immediately before the present. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/last_straw__Noun__1
written_rep: last straw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: miarka się przebrała | ostatnia kropla
sense_list:
(idiomatic, almost always preceded by the) A small addition to an already heavy burden which causes it to exceed the capacity.


lexentry: eng/lastborn__Adjective__1
written_rep: lastborn
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: najmłodszy
sense_list:
Born last in a family; youngest in a the family. | (figuratively) Younger than anyone else in a group.


lexentry: eng/latch__Noun__1
written_rep: latch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antaba | zasuwa | rygiel
sense_list:
A fastening for a door that has a bar that fits into a notch or slot, and is lifted by a lever or string from either side.


lexentry: eng/latch__Noun__1
written_rep: latch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przerzutnik
sense_list:
(electronics) An electronic circuit that is like a flip-flop, except that it is level triggered instead of edge triggered.


lexentry: eng/late__Adjective__1
written_rep: late
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: zmarły | świętej pamięci
sense_list:
(not comparable, euphemistic) Deceased, dead: used particularly when speaking of the dead person's actions while alive. (Generally must be preceded by a possessive or an article, commonly "the"; see usage notes. Can itself only precede the person's name, never follow it.)


lexentry: eng/late_bloomer__Noun__1
written_rep: late bloomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: późno kwitnąca roślina
sense_list:
(literally, horticulture) A flowering plant that blooms later in a growing season than other flowering plants.


lexentry: eng/late_capitalism__Noun__1
written_rep: late capitalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: późny kapitalizm
sense_list:
The most recent or current form of capitalism, especially as characterized by monopoly, globalization, exploitation, and excess.


lexentry: eng/lateen__Noun__1
written_rep: lateen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żagiel łaciński
sense_list:
(ship parts) A triangular fore-and-aft sail set on a boom in such way that the tack is attached to the hull of the vessel and the free end of the boom lifts the sail.


lexentry: eng/latency__Noun__1
written_rep: latency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: latencja
sense_list:
(electronics) A delay, an interval between the initiation of something and the occurrence. | (medicine) The delay between a stimulus and the response it triggers in an organism.


lexentry: eng/later__Adjective__1
written_rep: later
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: późniejszy
sense_list:
Coming afterward in time (used with than when comparing with another time). | Coming afterward in distance (following an antecedent distance as embedded within an adverbial phrase) | At some time in the future.


lexentry: eng/later__Adverb__1
written_rep: later
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: później
sense_list:
At some unspecified time in the future. | (Manglish, Singlish) What if (something problematic or unanticipated happens); if not (something undesirable will happen).


lexentry: eng/lateral_thinking__Noun__1
written_rep: lateral thinking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: myślenie latneralne
sense_list:
The use of reasoned thought in a nonstandard, or nonlinear logical way to find a solution to a problem.


lexentry: eng/laterite__Noun__1
written_rep: laterite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lateryt
sense_list:
A red hard or gravel-like soil or subsoil formed in the tropics that has been leached of soluble minerals leaving insoluble iron and aluminium oxides and hydroxides; used to make bricks and roads.


lexentry: eng/latex__Noun__1
written_rep: latex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lateks
sense_list:
The milky sap of several trees that coagulates on exposure to air; used to make rubber. | An emulsion of rubber in water, used in adhesives and the like.


lexentry: eng/lath__Noun__1
written_rep: lath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łata | listwa | deszczułka
sense_list:
A thin, narrow strip, fastened to the rafters, studs, or floor beams of a building, for the purpose of supporting a covering of tiles, plastering, etc.


lexentry: eng/lathe__Noun__2
written_rep: lathe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tokarka
sense_list:
(tools, metalworking, woodworking) A machine tool used to shape a piece of material, or workpiece, by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool.


lexentry: eng/latitude__Noun__1
written_rep: latitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szerokość geograficzna | szerokość
sense_list:
(geography, astronomy, countable) The angular distance north or south from a planet's equator, measured along the meridian of that particular point.


lexentry: eng/latitude__Noun__1
written_rep: latitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: równoleżnik | szerokość geograficzna
sense_list:
(geography) An imaginary line (in the form of a circumference) around a planet running parallel to the planet's equator.


lexentry: eng/latrine__Noun__1
written_rep: latrine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: latryna
sense_list:
(India, otherwise, _, military) Any facility or device used for urination or defecation, whether toilet, lavatory, or outhouse.


lexentry: eng/latte__Noun__1
written_rep: latte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: latte
sense_list:
A drink of coffee made from espresso and steamed milk, generally topped with foam. | A similar drink, where the espresso is replaced with some other flavoring ingredient such as chai, maté or matcha (green tea).


lexentry: eng/lattermath__Noun__1
written_rep: lattermath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skutek
sense_list:
(literally) The latter (i.e. second) mowing, a second crop of grass grown after the first was harvested


lexentry: eng/lattice__Noun__1
written_rep: lattice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kratka | krata
sense_list:
A flat panel constructed with widely-spaced crossed thin strips of wood or other material, commonly used as a garden trellis.


lexentry: eng/lattice__Noun__1
written_rep: lattice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: krata
sense_list:
(crystallography) A regular spacing or arrangement of geometric points, often decorated with a motif. | (mathematics, order theory) A partially ordered set in which every pair of elements has a unique supremum and a unique infimum.


lexentry: eng/laugh__Verb__1
written_rep: laugh
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: śmiać się | rechotać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To show mirth, satisfaction, or derision, by peculiar movement of the muscles of the face, particularly of the mouth, causing a lighting up of the face and eyes, and usually accompanied by the emission of explosive or chuckling sounds from the chest and throat; to indulge in laughter.


lexentry: eng/laugh__Verb__1
written_rep: laugh
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: śmiać się
sense_list:
(intransitive, figuratively, obsolete) To be or appear cheerful, pleasant, mirthful, lively, or brilliant; to sparkle; to sport.


lexentry: eng/laugh__Verb__1
written_rep: laugh
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: obśmiewać | wyśmiewać | śmiać się
sense_list:
(intransitive, followed by "at") To make an object of laughter or ridicule; to make fun of; to deride; to mock.


lexentry: eng/laughing_kookaburra__Noun__1
written_rep: laughing kookaburra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kukabura | kukabura chichotliwa
sense_list:
A kookaburra of species Dacelo novaeguineae, native to eastern Australia and famed for its loud laugh-like call.


lexentry: eng/laughter__Noun__1
written_rep: laughter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: śmiech
sense_list:
A movement (usually involuntary) of the muscles of the laughing face, particularly of the lips, and of the whole body, with a peculiar expression of the eyes, indicating merriment, satisfaction or derision, and usually attended by a sonorous and interrupted expulsion of air from the lungs.


lexentry: eng/launch__Noun__1
written_rep: launch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wodowanie
sense_list:
The movement of a vessel from land into the water; especially, the sliding on ways from the stocks on which it is built. (Compare: to splash a ship.)


lexentry: eng/launch__Noun__2
written_rep: launch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: barkas
sense_list:
(nautical) The boat of the largest size and/or of most importance belonging to a ship of war, and often called the "captain's boat" or "captain's launch".


lexentry: eng/launch__Verb__1
written_rep: launch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wodować | zwodować
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause (a vessel) to move or slide from the land or a larger vessel into the water; to set afloat.


lexentry: eng/launch__Verb__1
written_rep: launch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: odpalać | odpalić | rozpoczynać | rozpocząć | uruchamiać | uruchomić
sense_list:
(transitive) To send out; to start (someone) on a mission or project; to give a start to (something); to put in operation


lexentry: eng/launcher__Noun__1
written_rep: launcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyrzutnia
sense_list:
One who or that which launches. A device that throws something or the person who initiates a launch.


lexentry: eng/laundry__Noun__1
written_rep: laundry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pranie | pralnia
sense_list:
A place or room where laundering is done - including, by extension, other forms of laundering than clothes washing.


lexentry: eng/laundry_basket__Noun__1
written_rep: laundry basket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kosz
sense_list:
A container, often made of plastic, for holding and transporting clothing and household textiles, especially before and after being laundered.


lexentry: eng/laura__Noun__1
written_rep: laura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ławra
sense_list:
(historical, Eastern Orthodox Church) A cluster of cells or caves for hermits, with a church and sometimes a refectory at the centre.


lexentry: eng/laurel__Noun__1
written_rep: laurel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wawrzyn | laur
sense_list:
Laurus nobilis, an evergreen shrub having aromatic leaves of a lanceolate shape, with clusters of small, yellowish white flowers in their axils.


lexentry: eng/lava__Noun__1
written_rep: lava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lawa
sense_list:
The molten rock ejected by a volcano from its crater or fissured sides; magma that has breached the surface of the earth.


lexentry: eng/lava_flow__Noun__1
written_rep: lava flow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepływ lawy | strumień lawy
sense_list:
(geology) A flow of molten lava from an erupting volcano, and the solidified mass left after the lava has cooled down.


lexentry: eng/lava_lamp__Noun__1
written_rep: lava lamp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lampa lava
sense_list:
A kind of lamp, typically used more for decoration than illumination, in which the gentle flow of randomly-shaped clumps of wax purportedly suggests the flowing of lava.


lexentry: eng/lavalier__Noun__1
written_rep: lavalier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mikroport
sense_list:
(jewellery) An item of jewellery consisting of a pendant, sometimes with one stone, suspended from a necklace.


lexentry: eng/lavaret__Noun__1
written_rep: lavaret
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hulanka
sense_list:
(zoology) A European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus, found in the mountain lakes of Sweden, Germany, and Switzerland, and in the archipelago in the Baltic Sea between Sweden and Finland.


lexentry: eng/lavash__Noun__1
written_rep: lavash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lawasz
sense_list:
A soft, thin flatbread made with flour, water, yeast, and salt, baked in a tandoor. Toasted sesame seeds and/or poppy seeds are sometimes sprinkled on it before baking. Traditionally made in Armenia and other countries of the Caucasus and the Middle East.


lexentry: eng/lavender__Noun__1
written_rep: lavender
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lawenda
sense_list:
Any of a group of European plants, genus, Lavandula, of the mint family. | A pale bluish purple colour, like that of the lavender flower.


lexentry: eng/lavender_marriage__Noun__1
written_rep: lavender marriage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lawendowe małżeństwo
sense_list:
A male-female marriage entered into in the hope of concealing the non-heterosexual sexual orientation of one or both of the spouses.


lexentry: eng/law__Noun__1
written_rep: law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawo
sense_list:
(usually with "the") The body of binding rules and regulations, customs, and standards established in a community by its legislative and judicial authorities. | A statement (in physics, etc) of an (observed, established) order or sequence or relationship of phenomena which is invariable under certain conditions. (Compare theory.)


lexentry: eng/law__Noun__1
written_rep: law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: prawo | reguła | zasada | przepis
sense_list:
Any rule that must or should be obeyed, concerning behaviours and their consequences. (Compare mores.)


lexentry: eng/law__Noun__1
written_rep: law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: reguła | prawo
sense_list:
(mathematics, logic) A statement (of relation) that is true under specified conditions; a mathematical or logical rule.


lexentry: eng/law__Noun__1
written_rep: law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: stróż prawa | prawo
sense_list:
(cricket) One of the official rules of cricket as codified by the its (former) governing body, the MCC.


lexentry: eng/law_of_attraction__Noun__1
written_rep: law of attraction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prawo przyciągania
sense_list:
(New Age) The purported law according to which thinking about someone or something attracts it and causes it or the individual to manifest in one's life.


lexentry: eng/law_of_large_numbers__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: law of large numbers
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawo wielkich liczb
sense_list:
(statistics) The statistical tendency toward a fixed ratio in the results when an experiment is repeated a large number of times; law of averages.


lexentry: eng/law_of_the_jungle__Noun__1
written_rep: law of the jungle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prawo dżungli | prawo pięści | wilcze prawo
sense_list:
(figurative) A putative law dictating that one serves one's own interest to the extent that one can, in any situation where legal authority is absent or generally ignored; self-interested behaviour that emerges in the absence of law; lawlessness.


lexentry: eng/lawless__Adjective__1
written_rep: lawless
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bezprawny
sense_list:
Prohibited by law; unlawful, illegal. | Not restrained by the law or by discipline; disorderly, unruly.


lexentry: eng/lawnmower__Noun__1
written_rep: lawnmower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kosiarka
sense_list:
A device used for cutting grass to a chosen height, typically of landscaped lawns of residences or institutions.


lexentry: eng/lawsuit__Noun__1
written_rep: lawsuit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pozew
sense_list:
(legal) In civil law, a case where two or more people disagree and one or more of the parties take the case to a court for resolution.


lexentry: eng/lawyer__Noun__1
written_rep: lawyer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: adwokat | prawnik | prawniczka | adwokatka | radca | radczyni
sense_list:
A professional person qualified (as by a law degree or bar exam) and authorized to practice law as an attorney-at-law, solicitor, advocate, barrister or equivalent, i.e. represent parties in lawsuits or trials and give legal advice.


lexentry: eng/lay-by__Noun__1
written_rep: lay-by
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zatoka
sense_list:
(UK, Philippines) A paved area at the side of a highway designated for drivers to stop in, for emergency parking, or where vehicles can wait, with larger lay-bys possibly having facilities like food vendors or public telephones. | (UK) A railroad siding; a second, short railroad track just to the side of a railroad track, connected with the main track by a switch and used for unloading, bypassing, etc. | (Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, uncountable) A method of retail purchase in which the selected goods are set aside and the customer pays for them in instalments, receiving them when fully paid; layaway.


lexentry: eng/lay_down__Verb__1
written_rep: lay down
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: położyć się
sense_list:
To sacrifice, especially in the phrase "to lay down one's life." | (intransitive, proscribed) To lie down.


lexentry: eng/lay_off__Verb__1
written_rep: lay off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwalniać
sense_list:
(transitive, chiefly, US, idiom) (of an employer) To dismiss (workers) from employment, e.g. at a time of low business volume or through no fault of the worker, often with a severance package.


lexentry: eng/lay_out__Verb__1
written_rep: lay out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wykładać | wyłożyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To arrange (physically) in a certain way, so as to spread or space apart; to display (e.g. merchandise or a collection). | (transitive) To arrange; to design; to concoct; to think up. | (transitive, colloquial, US) To render (someone) unconscious; to knock out; to cause to fall to the floor; to kill.


lexentry: eng/layaway__Noun__1
written_rep: layaway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przedpłacony przedmiot
sense_list:
(North America) The system of accepting a deposit and holding for a customer to complete purchase. | (North America) An item which has been held in this way.


lexentry: eng/layer__Noun__1
written_rep: layer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: warstwa
sense_list:
A single thickness of some material covering a surface. | A (usually) horizontal deposit; a stratum.


lexentry: eng/laying_on_of_hands__Noun__1
written_rep: laying on of hands
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nakładanie rąk | wkładanie rąk
sense_list:
(religion, chiefly, Christianity) The practice of using touch to communicate spiritual energy from one person to another, especially as an act of healing.


lexentry: eng/layman__Noun__1
written_rep: layman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: laik
sense_list:
Layperson, someone who is not an ordained cleric or member of the clergy. | (by extension) Someone who is not a professional in a given field.


lexentry: eng/layoff__Noun__1
written_rep: layoff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwolnienie
sense_list:
(chiefly, US) A dismissal of employees from their jobs because of tightened budgetary constraints or work shortage (not due to poor performance or misconduct).


lexentry: eng/layperson__Noun__1
written_rep: layperson
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: laik
sense_list:
A person who is not a cleric. | One who is not intimately familiar with a given subject or activity.


lexentry: eng/lazaretto__Noun__1
written_rep: lazaretto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lazaret
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) A building such as a hospital, or occasionally a ship, used to temporarily isolate sick people to prevent the spread of infectious diseases; a quarantine. [from early 17th c.] | A place reserved for people with infectious diseases (especially leprosy or plague) to live on a long-term basis. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/lazy_Susan__Noun__1
written_rep: lazy Susan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: taca obrotowa
sense_list:
A rotating tray (turntable) used on tables and counters for serving condiments or food. | A rotating set of shelves used to minimize inaccessible space, usually employed in corner kitchen cabinets. | (finance) .


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__1
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ołów
sense_list:
(uncountable) A heavy, pliable, inelastic metal element, having a bright, bluish color, but easily tarnished; both malleable and ductile, though with little tenacity. It is easily fusible, forms alloys with other metals, and is an ingredient of solder and type metal. Atomic number 82, symbol Pb (from Latin plumbum). | (slang) Bullets; ammunition.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prowadzić | przewodzić | poprzedzać | prowadzenie | przodować
sense_list:
(countable) Precedence; advance position; also, the measure of precedence; the state of being ahead in a race; the highest score in an incomplete game.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: prowadzić
sense_list:
(baseball) The situation where a runner steps away from a base while waiting for the pitch to be thrown. | A rope, leather strap, or similar device with which to lead an animal; a leash


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: prowadzić | doprowadzać | wieść | wodzić | poprowadzić | przeprowadzać
sense_list:
(uncountable, card games, dominoes) The act or right of playing first in a game or round; the card suit, or piece, so played


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: prowadzić | przewodzić | doprowadzać | wieść | wodzić | poprowadzić
sense_list:
In a steam engine, the width of port opening which is uncovered by the valve, for the admission or release of steam, at the instant when the piston is at end of its stroke.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 15
trans_list: kierować | prowadzić | doprowadzać | pokazywać | poprowadzić | przeprowadzać
sense_list:
(horology) The action of a tooth, such as a tooth of a wheel, in impelling another tooth or a pallet. | (music) A mark or a short passage in one voice part, as of a canon, serving as a cue for the entrance of others.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 17
trans_list: kierować | prowadzić | przewodzić | doprowadzać | pokazywać | poprowadzić
sense_list:
Information obtained by a detective or police officer that allows him or her to discover further details about a crime or incident.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 19
trans_list: cynk | trop
sense_list:
Information obtained by a news reporter about an issue or subject that allows him or her to discover more details.


lexentry: eng/lead__Noun__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 21
trans_list: prowadzić | kierować | przewodzić | wodzić | doprowadzać | prowadzić się
sense_list:
(US, journalism) The introductory paragraph or paragraphs of a newspaper, or a news or other type of article. (Sometimes spelled as lede for this usage to avoid ambiguity.)


lexentry: eng/lead__Verb__1
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ołów
sense_list:
(transitive) To cover, fill, or affect with lead. | (transitive, printing, historical) To place leads between the lines of.


lexentry: eng/lead__Verb__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kierować | prowadzić | doprowadzać | pokazywać | poprowadzić | przeprowadzać
sense_list:
To guide or conduct oneself in, through, or along (a certain course); hence, to proceed in the way of; to follow the path or course of; to pass; to spend. Also, to cause (one) to proceed or follow in (a certain course).


lexentry: eng/lead__Verb__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kierować | prowadzić | przewodzić | dowodzić | poprowadzić
sense_list:
To conduct or direct with authority; to have direction or charge of; to command, especially a military or business unit.


lexentry: eng/lead__Verb__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prowadzić | doprowadzać | wieść | wodzić | poprowadzić | przeprowadzać
sense_list:
To guide or conduct in a certain course, or to a certain place or end, by making the way known; to show the way, especially by going with or going in advance of, to lead a pupil; to guide somebody somewhere or to bring somebody somewhere by means of instructions.


lexentry: eng/lead__Verb__2
written_rep: lead
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: prowadzić
sense_list:
(intransitive) To have the highest interim score in a game. | (intransitive) To proceed in front of others; to go first. | (transitive) To draw or direct by influence, whether good or bad; to prevail on; to induce; to entice; to allure | (intransitive) To tend or reach in a certain direction, or to a certain place.


lexentry: eng/lead_time__Noun__1
written_rep: lead time
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czas realizacji
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The amount of time between the initiation of some process and its completion, e.g. the time required to manufacture or procure a product; the time required before something can be provided or delivered.


lexentry: eng/leader__Noun__1
written_rep: leader
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: artykuł wstępny | editorial | edytorial
sense_list:
(UK, journalism) The first, or the principal, editorial article in a newspaper; a leading or main editorial article; a lead story.


lexentry: eng/leading_edge__Noun__1
written_rep: leading edge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krawędź natarcia
sense_list:
(aeronautics) The frontmost edge of a wing or other airfoil of an aircraft; sometimes contains slots or slats.


lexentry: eng/leading_edge__Noun__1
written_rep: leading edge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: czołówka
sense_list:
(by extension) The foremost part of a trend etc; a vanguard. | The forefront of practice or technology.


lexentry: eng/leading_question__Noun__1
written_rep: leading question
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pytanie sugestywne
sense_list:
A question that suggests the answer or that contains the information for which the examiner is looking.


lexentry: eng/leaf-cutter_ant__Noun__1
written_rep: leaf-cutter ant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówka liściarka
sense_list:
Any of the 41 species of ants in the genera Atta and Acromyrmex, that cut fragments from leaves and takes them to its colony's nest.


lexentry: eng/leaf__Noun__1
written_rep: leaf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: liść
sense_list:
Anything resembling the leaf of a plant. | A sheet of any substance beaten or rolled until very thin. | A flat section used to extend the size of a table. | (computing, mathematics) In a tree, a node that has no descendants. | (programming, x86) A particular value of the EAX register when a program runs the CPUID instruction; each leaf represents a different category of information returned about the processor.


lexentry: eng/leaf__Noun__1
written_rep: leaf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: liść | kartka
sense_list:
(publishing, bookbinding, advertising) A sheet of a book, magazine, etc. (consisting of two pages, one on each face of the leaf).


lexentry: eng/leaf_litter__Noun__1
written_rep: leaf litter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ściółka
sense_list:
Dead plant material, such as fallen leaves, bark, and twigs, that has fallen to the ground and may be used by animals as habitat or for nest-building, eventually decomposing and releasing nutrients into the soil.


lexentry: eng/leaf_node__Noun__1
written_rep: leaf node
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liść
sense_list:
(botany) One of the spots upon a stem where buds and intercalary meristems occur, usually marking the end of a season's growth. | (comptheory) A node, in a tree, that has no children.


lexentry: eng/leaflet__Noun__1
written_rep: leaflet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: listek
sense_list:
(botany) One of the components of a compound leaf. | (botany) A small plant leaf. | (anatomy) A flap of a valve of a heart or blood vessel.


lexentry: eng/league__Verb__1
written_rep: league
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sprzymierzać się | sprzymierzyć się
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To form an association; to unite in a league or confederacy; to combine for mutual support.


lexentry: eng/league_cup__Noun__1
written_rep: league cup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: puchar ligi
sense_list:
(soccer) A single-elimination tournament for which entry is restricted only to teams in the top national league or leagues.


lexentry: eng/league_table__Noun__1
written_rep: league table
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tabela
sense_list:
(sports) A tabular display of the teams in some league in order of win percentage or points awarded, often also including number of matches played, won, lost, and drawn, goal difference, etc.


lexentry: eng/leak__Noun__1
written_rep: leak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeciek
sense_list:
A crack, crevice, fissure, or hole which admits water or other fluid, or lets it escape. | The entrance or escape of a fluid through a crack, fissure, or other aperture. | A divulgation, or disclosure, of information previously held secret.


lexentry: eng/lean-to__Noun__1
written_rep: lean-to
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiata
sense_list:
A shelter with a sloped roof; also a building with a similar construction attached to the side of a building as an extension.


lexentry: eng/leap_of_faith__Noun__1
written_rep: leap of faith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skok wiary
sense_list:
(figuratively) The act of believing in something despite lack of proof of its truth or existence, or the attempt of something without being sure of its possible outcome.


lexentry: eng/leap_year__Noun__1
written_rep: leap year
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rok przestępny
sense_list:
A year in the Julian or Gregorian calendar with an intercalary day added to February (in the Gregorian calendar, February 29), used to adjust for the extra hours of the solar year; a 366-day year.


lexentry: eng/leapfrog__Noun__1
written_rep: leapfrog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zabawa w koziołki
sense_list:
(games) A game, often played by children, in which a player leaps like a frog over the back of another person who has stooped over. One variation of the game involves a number of people lining up in a row and bending over. The last person in the line then vaults forward over each of the others until they reach the front of the line, whereupon they also bend over. The process is then repeated.


lexentry: eng/learn__Verb__1
written_rep: learn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: uczyć się
sense_list:
To gain knowledge from a bad experience so as to improve. | To come to know; to become informed of; to find out.


lexentry: eng/learned_borrowing__Noun__1
written_rep: learned borrowing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapożyczenie sztuczne
sense_list:
(linguistics) A word or other linguistic form borrowed from one language into another on purpose instead of through normal language contact, especially one from a classical language.


lexentry: eng/lease__Noun__1
written_rep: lease
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzierżawa | arenda | leasing | najem
sense_list:
(formal, law) An interest in land granting exclusive use or occupation of real estate for a limited period; a leasehold.


lexentry: eng/lease__Verb__1
written_rep: lease
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arendować | dzierżawić | wynajmować | wynająć
sense_list:
(transitive, formal, law) To grant a lease as a landlord; to let. | (computing, transitive) To assign a temporary IP address to (a networked device).


lexentry: eng/least_common_multiple__Noun__1
written_rep: least common multiple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: najmniejsza wspólna wielokrotność
sense_list:
(number theory) The smallest positive integer which is divisible by (equivalently, is an integer multiple of) each of a specified finite set of integers.


lexentry: eng/least_flycatcher__Noun__1
written_rep: least flycatcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: empidonka siwa
sense_list:
A small insect-eating passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family, and the smallest member of the genus Empidonax, native to North America.


lexentry: eng/least_weasel__Noun__1
written_rep: least weasel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łasica
sense_list:
The common weasel, little weasel, or simply weasel (Mustela nivalis), the smallest member of the weasel genus Mustela, native to Eurasia, North America, and North Africa.


lexentry: eng/leather__Noun__1
written_rep: leather
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skóra
sense_list:
A tough material produced from the skin of animals, by tanning or similar process, used e.g. for clothing.


lexentry: eng/leave__Verb__1
written_rep: leave
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zostawiać | zostawić
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause or allow (something) to remain as available; to refrain from taking (something) away; to stop short of consuming or otherwise depleting (something) entirely. | (transitive) To transfer possession of after death.


lexentry: eng/leave__Verb__1
written_rep: leave
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zostawiać
sense_list:
(transitive) To transfer responsibility or attention of (something) (to someone); to stop being concerned with.


lexentry: eng/leave_for_dead__Verb__1
written_rep: leave for dead
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pozostawiać na śmierć | pozostawić na śmierć
sense_list:
(transitive) To abandon a person or other living creature that is injured or otherwise incapacitated, assuming that the death of the one abandoned will soon follow.


lexentry: eng/leave_me_alone__Phrase__1
written_rep: leave me alone
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niech pan mnie zostawi | niech pan mnie zostawi w spokoju | zostaw mnie | zostaw mnie w spokoju
sense_list:
stop talking to me, stop being near me, stop interfering with my life (used especially when one is angry, frustrated, or annoyed).


lexentry: eng/leave_no_stone_unturned__Verb__1
written_rep: leave no stone unturned
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poruszać niebo i ziemię | poruszyć niebo i ziemię
sense_list:
(idiom) To search or investigate thoroughly. | (figuratively) To perform a task carefully and thoroughly, not missing any step.


lexentry: eng/leave_someone_in_the_lurch__Verb__1
written_rep: leave someone in the lurch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zostawić na lodzie
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To abandon somebody; especially, to abandon somebody and leave him or her in a difficult situation.


lexentry: eng/lebensraum__Noun__1
written_rep: lebensraum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestrzeń życiowa
sense_list:
(chiefly, with reference to nations and peoples) Hitherto unoccupied “living space” claimed as one’s rightful domain.


lexentry: eng/lecithin__Noun__1
written_rep: lecithin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lecytyna
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) The principal phospholipid in animals; it is particularly abundant in egg yolks, and is extracted commercially from soy. It is a major constituent of cell membranes, and is commonly used as a food additive (as an emulsifier).


lexentry: eng/lect__Noun__1
written_rep: lect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lekt
sense_list:
(linguistics, sociolinguistics) A specific form of a language or language cluster: a language or a dialect.


lexentry: eng/lectern__Noun__1
written_rep: lectern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pulpit | mównica
sense_list:
A stand with a slanted top used to support a bible from which passages are read during a church service. | A similar stand to support a lecturer's notes.


lexentry: eng/lectionary__Noun__1
written_rep: lectionary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lekcjonarz
sense_list:
(Christianity, Judaism) A book or listing that contains a collection of scripture readings appointed for Christian or Jewish worship on a given day or occasion.


lexentry: eng/lectotype__Noun__1
written_rep: lectotype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lektotyp
sense_list:
(taxonomy) A biological specimen or illustration later selected to serve as definitive type example of a species or subspecies when the original author of the name did not designate a holotype.


lexentry: eng/lecturer__Noun__1
written_rep: lecturer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykładowca | wykładowczyni
sense_list:
A person who gives lectures, especially as a profession. | A member of a university or college below the rank of assistant professor or reader; docent; lector.


lexentry: eng/lede__Noun__2
written_rep: lede
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lead
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, journalism) The introductory paragraph or paragraphs of a newspaper, or a news or other type of article; the lead or lead-in. [from mid 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/ledge__Noun__1
written_rep: ledge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: gzyms
sense_list:
A shelf on which articles may be laid. | (geology) A shelf, ridge, or reef, of rocks. | A lode; a limited mass of rock bearing valuable mineral. | (architecture) A cornice.


lexentry: eng/ledger__Noun__1
written_rep: ledger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rejestr
sense_list:
A book for keeping notes; a record book, a register. | A book or other scheme for keeping accounting records. | (accounting) A collection of accounting entries consisting of credits and debits.


lexentry: eng/leeboard__Noun__1
written_rep: leeboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: miecz boczny | szwert boczny
sense_list:
(nautical, countable) A board, or frame of planks, lowered over the side of a sailboat to lessen its leeway.


lexentry: eng/leek__Noun__1
written_rep: leek
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: por
sense_list:
A vegetable of variety Allium ampeloprasum, having edible leaves and an onion-like bulb but with a milder flavour than the onion.


lexentry: eng/leer__Verb__1
written_rep: leer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patrzeć pożądliwie
sense_list:
(intransitive) To look sideways or obliquely; now especially with sexual desire or malicious intent.


lexentry: eng/leeway__Noun__1
written_rep: leeway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: spóźnienie
sense_list:
(British) An adverse discrepancy or variation in a cumulative process, usually in the phrase make up leeway.


lexentry: eng/left-handed__Adjective__1
written_rep: left-handed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: leworęczny | leworęki
sense_list:
(occult, of magic) Performed with the intention of doing harm or in transgression against convention or taboo; following the left-hand path


lexentry: eng/left__Adjective__1
written_rep: left
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lewy | lewicowy
sense_list:
Designating the side of the body toward the west when one is facing north; the side of the body on which the heart is located in most humans; the opposite of right. This arrow points to the reader's left: ←


lexentry: eng/left_and_right__Adverb__1
written_rep: left and right
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na prawo i lewo | na prawo i na lewo
sense_list:
(figurative, chiefly, North America) All over the place; indiscriminately; frequently or excessively.


lexentry: eng/leg__Noun__1
written_rep: leg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 17
trans_list: nogawka
sense_list:
In a grain elevator, the case containing the lower part of the belt which carries the buckets. | (cricket, attributive) Denotes the half of the field on the same side as the batsman's legs; the left side for a right-handed batsman.


lexentry: eng/leg_warmer__Noun__1
written_rep: leg warmer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: getry
sense_list:
A type of garment similar to a footless sock, which usually extends from below the knee to above the ankle.


lexentry: eng/legal_person__Noun__1
written_rep: legal person
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osoba prawna
sense_list:
(legal) An aggregate of people, legal entity, or body corporate who have (some of) the legal rights and responsibilities of a natural person under the law.


lexentry: eng/legal_positivism__Noun__1
written_rep: legal positivism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pozytywizm prawniczy
sense_list:
(legal) A school of thought in jurisprudence in which the law is seen as separated from moral values, i.e. the law is posited by lawmakers (humans).


lexentry: eng/legal_recourse__Noun__1
written_rep: legal recourse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: regres | roszczenie zwrotne
sense_list:
(legal) An action that can be taken by an individual or a corporation to attempt to remedy a legal difficulty.


lexentry: eng/legal_representative__Noun__1
written_rep: legal representative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: adwokat
sense_list:
(law) One who represents or acts on behalf of another under authority recognised by law, such as a parent or guardian of a minor, a manager of a legal person, etc.


lexentry: eng/legal_tender__Noun__1
written_rep: legal tender
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: środek płatniczy
sense_list:
(legal) Any form of currency that, by law, cannot be refused as payment to extinguish a debt equal to the amount offered.


lexentry: eng/legalism__Noun__1
written_rep: legalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: legalizm
sense_list:
The focusing on the text of written law to the exclusion of the intent of law, elevating strict adherence to law over justice, mercy, grace and common sense.


lexentry: eng/legalize__Verb__1
written_rep: legalize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: legalizować | zalegalizować
sense_list:
To make legal or permit under law. Either by decriminalising something that has been illegal or by specifically permitting it.


lexentry: eng/legate__Noun__1
written_rep: legate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: legat
sense_list:
A deputy representing the pope, specifically a papal ambassador sent on special ecclesiastical missions. | The deputy of a provincial governor or general in ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/legato__Noun__1
written_rep: legato
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: legato
sense_list:
(music) A style of performance characterized by smoothly connected notes. | (music) A passage that is played legato.


lexentry: eng/legend__Noun__1
written_rep: legend
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: legenda
sense_list:
A story of unknown origin describing plausible but extraordinary past events. | A person of extraordinary fame or accomplishments. | (cartography) A key to the symbols and color codes on a map, chart, etc.


lexentry: eng/legion__Noun__1
written_rep: legion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: legion
sense_list:
(military, Ancient Rome) The major unit or division of the Roman army, usually comprising 3000 to 6000 infantry soldiers and 100 to 200 cavalry troops.


lexentry: eng/legionary__Noun__1
written_rep: legionary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: legionista
sense_list:
A member of a legion, such as the American Legion, or of any organization containing the term legion in its title (e.g. the French Foreign Legion).


lexentry: eng/legume__Noun__1
written_rep: legume
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: roślina strączkowa
sense_list:
(botany) Any of a large family (Fabaceae, syn. Leguminosae) of dicotyledonous herbs, shrubs, and trees having fruits that are legumes or loments, bearing nodules on the roots that contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and including important food and forage plants (as peas, beans, or clovers).


lexentry: eng/leister__Noun__1
written_rep: leister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oścień
sense_list:
(fishing) A spear armed with three or more barbed prongs for catching fish, particularly salmon. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/lemma__Noun__1
written_rep: lemma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lemat
sense_list:
(mathematics) A proposition proved or accepted for immediate use in the proof of some other proposition.


lexentry: eng/lemma__Noun__1
written_rep: lemma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: lemma | lemat
sense_list:
(psycholinguistics) The theoretical abstract conceptual form of a word, representing a specific meaning, before the creation of a specific phonological form as the sounds of a lexeme, which may find representation in a specific written form as a dictionary or lexicographic word.


lexentry: eng/lemming__Noun__1
written_rep: lemming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: leming | wyznawca
sense_list:
(figuratively) Any member of a group given to conformity or groupthink, especially a group poised to follow a leader off a cliff.


lexentry: eng/lemniscate__Noun__1
written_rep: lemniscate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: lemniskata
sense_list:
(mathematics) Any of a variety of quartic functions producing similar figure-of-eight closed curves.


lexentry: eng/lemon__Noun__1
written_rep: lemon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: cytrynowy | cytryna
sense_list:
A more or less bright shade of yellow associated with lemon fruits. | (uncountable, rare) Lemon juice. | A lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris). | (Cockney rhyming slang, shortened from “lemon flavour”) Favor. | (dated, fandom) A piece of fanfiction involving explicit sex. | (geometry) The surface of revolution of a circular arc of angle less than 180° rotated about the straight line passing through the arc’s two endpoints.


lexentry: eng/lemon_balm__Noun__1
written_rep: lemon balm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: melisa | melisa lekarska
sense_list:
A perennial herb, of species Melissa officinalis, of southern Europe; used as a flavouring in ice cream etc.


lexentry: eng/lemon_juice__Noun__1
written_rep: lemon juice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sok cytrynowy
sense_list:
The liquid extract of lemon fruit, notably sour and often condensed, as used especially in food preparation.


lexentry: eng/lemon_shark__Noun__1
written_rep: lemon shark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żarłacz cytrynowy | żarłacz żółty
sense_list:
A shark of species Negaprion brevirostris, growing up to 10 feet long and found along the Atlantic coast of North and South America.


lexentry: eng/lemon_verbena__Noun__1
written_rep: lemon verbena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lippia trójlistna
sense_list:
A deciduous perennial shrub native to South America, used for its lemon-like fragrance and flavor, Aloysia citrodora.


lexentry: eng/lemonade__Noun__1
written_rep: lemonade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lemoniada
sense_list:
(US, Canada, India, Philippines) A flavoured beverage consisting of water, lemon, and sweetener, sometimes ice, served mainly as a refreshment. | (UK, AU, NZ) A clear, usually carbonated, beverage made from lemon or artificial lemon flavouring, water, and sugar.


lexentry: eng/lemongrass__Noun__1
written_rep: lemongrass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palczatka cytrynowa
sense_list:
One of various species of grass of the genus Cymbopogon, especially Cymbopogon citratus, which have a lemon-like taste and aroma, and are used in cooking, for tea, and for fragrance.


lexentry: eng/lemur__Noun__1
written_rep: lemur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lemur
sense_list:
(colloquial) Any strepsirrhine primate of the infraorder Lemuriformes, superfamily Lemuroidea, native only to Madagascar and some surrounding islands.


lexentry: eng/lend__Verb__1
written_rep: lend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pożyczać | pożyczyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To allow to be used by someone temporarily, on condition that it or its equivalent will be returned.


lexentry: eng/lender__Noun__1
written_rep: lender
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pożyczkodawca
sense_list:
One who lends, especially money; specifically, a bank or other entity that specializes in granting loans.


lexentry: eng/length__Noun__1
written_rep: length
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: długość
sense_list:
The distance measured along the longest dimension of an object. | Duration. | (figuratively) Total extent.


lexentry: eng/lenis__Adjective__1
written_rep: lenis
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słaby
sense_list:
(phonetics, of a, consonant) Weakly articulated, hence voiced; especially as compared to the others of a group of homorganic consonants.


lexentry: eng/lens__Noun__1
written_rep: lens
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: soczewka
sense_list:
(optics) An object, usually made of glass, that focuses or defocuses the light that passes through it. | A device which focuses or defocuses electron beams. | (anatomy) The transparent crystalline structure in the eye.


lexentry: eng/lens_flare__Noun__1
written_rep: lens flare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: flara
sense_list:
A stray patch of brightness in a photographic image resulting from aberrant refractions or reflections within the lens due to an exceptionally bright light source, sometimes one just outside the image proper.


lexentry: eng/lentil__Noun__1
written_rep: lentil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: soczewica jadalna | soczewica
sense_list:
Any of several plants of the genus Lens, especially Lens culinaris, from southwest Asia, that have edible, lens-shaped seeds within flattened pods.


lexentry: eng/leonine__Adjective__1
written_rep: leonine
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lwi
sense_list:
(pathology) Of a facies: resembling those of a lion as a result of some disease, especially a form of leprosy which causes leontiasis; also, of leprosy: causing a lionlike facies.


lexentry: eng/leopard__Noun__1
written_rep: leopard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lampart | pantera | leopard | lampart plamisty | rysiec
sense_list:
Panthera pardus, a large wild cat with a spotted coat native to Africa and Asia, especially the male of the species (in contrast to leopardess).


lexentry: eng/leopard_shark__Noun__1
written_rep: leopard shark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rekin leopardzi
sense_list:
A hound shark, Triakis semifasciata, having distinctive markings; it is found in the coastal waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/leopardsbane__Noun__1
written_rep: leopardsbane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: omieg
sense_list:
Any of various plants, including Arnica montana, Senecio doronicum, Paris quadrifolia, and species of genus Doronicum.


lexentry: eng/leotard__Noun__1
written_rep: leotard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trykot
sense_list:
A one-piece skintight garment with or without sleeves and without legs (often worn by gymnasts, acrobats, wrestlers, female swimmers, etc.)


lexentry: eng/leper_colony__Noun__1
written_rep: leper colony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leprozorium
sense_list:
An isolated community used to house lepers, usually in permanent quarantine from the rest of society.


lexentry: eng/lepidolite__Noun__1
written_rep: lepidolite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lepidolit
sense_list:
(mineral) A pale lilac mica mineral that is a mixed basic fluoride and aluminosilicate of potassium, lithium and aluminium.


lexentry: eng/leprosy__Noun__1
written_rep: leprosy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trąd | lepra
sense_list:
(disease, medicine) An infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae, gradually producing nerve damage and patches of skin necrosis and historically handled by permanently quarantining its sufferers.


lexentry: eng/leptin__Noun__1
written_rep: leptin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leptyna
sense_list:
(hormone) A protein hormone produced in adipose tissue; it plays a role in regulating appetite and metabolism.


lexentry: eng/lepton__Noun__1
written_rep: lepton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lepton
sense_list:
A coin used since ancient times in Greece, serving in modern times as one hundredth of a phoenix, a drachma, and a euro (as the Greek form of the Eurocent).


lexentry: eng/lepton__Noun__2
written_rep: lepton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lepton
sense_list:
(particle physics) An elementary particle that has a spin of 1/2 (i.e., is a fermion) and does not interact via the strong nuclear force; examples include the electron, the muon, the neutrino and the tauon.


lexentry: eng/leptospirosis__Noun__1
written_rep: leptospirosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leptospirozy
sense_list:
An acute, infectious, febrile disease of both humans and animals, caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira.


lexentry: eng/lesbian__Adjective__1
written_rep: lesbian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lesbijski | lesbijska
sense_list:
(of a woman) Homosexual, gay; preferring exclusively women as romantic or sexual partners. | (of a woman, broadly) Preferring primarily women as romantic or sexual partners.


lexentry: eng/lese_majesty__Noun__1
written_rep: lese majesty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obraza majestatu
sense_list:
The crime of violating majesty, an offense against the dignity of a reigning sovereign or against a state.


lexentry: eng/leshy__Noun__1
written_rep: leshy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: borowy | gajowy | laskowiec | lasowy | leszy | leśnik
sense_list:
(Slavic mythology) A male woodland spirit in Slavic mythology who protects wild animals and forests.


lexentry: eng/lesion__Noun__1
written_rep: lesion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lezja | uszkodzenie ciała
sense_list:
(medicine) An infected or otherwise injured or diseased organ or part, especially such on a patch of skin.


lexentry: eng/less_is_more__Proverb__1
written_rep: less is more
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: mniej znaczy więcej
sense_list:
That which is less complicated is often better understood and more appreciated than what is more complicated; brevity in communication is more effective than verbosity.


lexentry: eng/lesser_celandine__Noun__1
written_rep: lesser celandine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ziarnopłon wiosenny | jaskier wiosenny | pszonka
sense_list:
A European perennial herb (Ficaria verna, formerly Ranunculus ficaria), having heart-shaped leaves and solitary yellow flowers


lexentry: eng/lesser_flamingo__Noun__1
written_rep: lesser flamingo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: flaming mały | czerwonak mały
sense_list:
An Old World species of flamingo, Phoeniconaias minor, syn. Phoenicopterus minor, found principally in the Great Rift Valley of Africa, smaller than flamingos of the other Old World species.


lexentry: eng/lesson__Noun__1
written_rep: lesson
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lekcja
sense_list:
A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided. | Something learned or to be learned.


lexentry: eng/let's__Verb__1
written_rep: let's
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: -my
sense_list:
Used to form the cohortative of verbs, equivalent of the first-person plural imperative in some other languages.


lexentry: eng/let-down__Noun__1
written_rep: let-down
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wypływ
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) The neurohormonal release of milk in dairy cows or in breastfeeding human mothers.


lexentry: eng/let__Verb__1
written_rep: let
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pozwalać | pozwolić
sense_list:
(transitive) To allow to, not to prevent (+ infinitive, but usually without to). | (transitive) To allow the release of (a fluid).


lexentry: eng/let_alone__Conjunction__1
written_rep: let alone
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: co dopiero
sense_list:
(idiomatic, negative polarity item) Much less; to say nothing of; used after one negative clause to introduce another, usually broader and more important clause, whose negation is implied by the negation of the first. However either of these instances mentioned can be applied with the use of let alone.


lexentry: eng/let_be__Verb__1
written_rep: let be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przestawać | przestać
sense_list:
(intransitive, archaic) To stop, to stop doing something; to leave off (now used alone, formerly also + infinitive).


lexentry: eng/let_bygones_be_bygones__Verb__1
written_rep: let bygones be bygones
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: puszczać w niepamięć | puścić w niepamięć
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To disregard or ignore a past difficulty in a relationship or an offence (when dealing with another individual).


lexentry: eng/let_go__Verb__1
written_rep: let go
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: puszczać | puścić
sense_list:
(intransitive, with of, and, transitive, with object before go) To release from one's grasp; to go from a state of holding on to a state of no longer holding on.


lexentry: eng/let_him_who_is_without_sin_cast_the_first_stone__Phrase__1
written_rep: let him who is without sin cast the first stone
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kto z was jest bez grzechu, niech pierwszy rzuci na nią kamień
sense_list:
Only those who are faultless have the right to pass judgment upon others (implying that no one is faultless and that, therefore, no one has such a right to pass judgment).


lexentry: eng/let_in_on__Verb__1
written_rep: let in on
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wtajemniczać | wtajemniczyć
sense_list:
(ditransitive) To disclose information to someone; to tell somebody a secret or share privileged information.


lexentry: eng/let_it_be__Verb__1
written_rep: let it be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zostawiać | zostawić
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To leave something to follow its natural course; this involves desisting from any intent to intervene.


lexentry: eng/let_oneself_go__Verb__1
written_rep: let oneself go
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zaniedbać się | zaniedbywać się
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To cease to care about one's appearance, allowing oneself to become unkempt, overweight, etc.


lexentry: eng/let_sleeping_dogs_lie__Verb__1
written_rep: let sleeping dogs lie
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie rozdrapuj starych ran | nie wywołuj wilka z lasu
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To leave things as they are; especially, to avoid restarting or rekindling an old argument; to leave disagreements in the past.


lexentry: eng/lethality__Noun__1
written_rep: lethality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: śmiertelność
sense_list:
The degree of lethal (mortal) danger that something (usually a disease or a weapon) presents; the magnitude of its power to kill organisms exposed to it; this property is indirectly measured by any of various proxy rates, including mortality rate, case fatality rate, or infection fatality rate (for diseases) or kill rate (for weapons, pesticides, or parasites).


lexentry: eng/lethargy__Noun__1
written_rep: lethargy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: letarg
sense_list:
A state of extreme torpor, sopor or apathy, especially with lack of emotion, energy or enthusiasm; (loosely) sluggishness, laziness. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/letter_carrier__Noun__1
written_rep: letter carrier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: listonosz
sense_list:
An employee of the post office who delivers mail (post) to, and collects it from, a residence or business, or from public mailboxes.


lexentry: eng/letter_of_credit__Noun__1
written_rep: letter of credit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akredytywa
sense_list:
(finance, banking) A document, used primarily in trade finance and issued generally by a financial institution, in which the institution promises to pay debts up to a certain limit to be acquired by the beneficiary against delivery of documents specified in the letter.


lexentry: eng/letter_of_intent__Noun__1
written_rep: letter of intent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: list intencyjny
sense_list:
A legal document outlining one or more agreements between two or more parties before the actual agreements are finalized


lexentry: eng/letter_of_marque__Noun__1
written_rep: letter of marque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: list kaperski
sense_list:
(nautical, historical) An official commission from a government authorizing someone to seize the property or people of another nation; especially to attack merchant shipping of another nation.


lexentry: eng/letter_of_recommendation__Noun__1
written_rep: letter of recommendation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: referencje
sense_list:
A letter written by one person who is familiar with another, usually a teacher, employer, or person of similar authority, evaluating and often extolling the fitness of the other person for a position.


lexentry: eng/letter_opener__Noun__1
written_rep: letter opener
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nóż do otwierania kopert | nóż do otwierania listów
sense_list:
A device shaped like a fixed-blade knife, usually with a blunt edge; the blunt edge does not slice the envelope so much as precisely tear it.


lexentry: eng/letterbox__Noun__1
written_rep: letterbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skrzynka pocztowa
sense_list:
A collection point for mail intended for onward delivery, a secure box or receptacle for this purpose.


lexentry: eng/letterhead__Noun__1
written_rep: letterhead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nagłówek
sense_list:
A portion of text at the top of a letter, identifying the sender and often giving their address etc., used for formal correspondence.


lexentry: eng/letterpress__Noun__1
written_rep: letterpress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wypukłodruk
sense_list:
(printing) Printing directly from type, in distinction from printing from plates. | (printing) A machine used for such printing.


lexentry: eng/letters_patent__Noun__1
written_rep: letters patent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patent
sense_list:
(law) A type of legal document in the form of an open letter issued by an authority to direct that some action be taken; to grant a monopoly, right, status, or title to a person or organization; to record a contract.


lexentry: eng/lettuce__Noun__1
written_rep: lettuce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sałata
sense_list:
An edible plant, Lactuca sativa and its close relatives, having a head of green or purple leaves. | (uncountable, vegetable) The leaves of the lettuce plant, eaten as a vegetable; as a dish often mixed with other ingredients, dressing etc.


lexentry: eng/leucine__Noun__1
written_rep: leucine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leucyna
sense_list:
(amino acid) An essential amino acid, C6H13NO2, isomeric with isoleucine, found in most animal proteins; it is essential for growth in children.


lexentry: eng/leucism__Noun__1
written_rep: leucism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leucyzm
sense_list:
(zoology, pathology) An animal condition in which there is partial loss of pigmentation resulting in white, pale, or patchy coloration of the skin, hair, feathers, scales or cuticle, but not the eyes (caused by a reduction in multiple types of pigment, not just melanin).


lexentry: eng/leukemia__Noun__1
written_rep: leukemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: białaczka | leukemia
sense_list:
(oncology, pathology) Any of a class of types of cancer affecting the blood cells, especially the white blood cells (usually with massive leukocytosis), and the blood cell–forming (hematopoietic) tissues.


lexentry: eng/leukocyte__Noun__1
written_rep: leukocyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leukocyt | krwinka biała
sense_list:
(hematology, cytology, immunology) Any of a class of blood cells that play various roles in cell-mediated immunity.


lexentry: eng/level__Noun__1
written_rep: level
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poziomica | poziom
sense_list:
A tool for finding whether a surface is level, or for creating a horizontal or vertical line of reference. | (Singapore, education) A school grade or year.


lexentry: eng/level__Noun__1
written_rep: level
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: poziom
sense_list:
A distance relative to a given reference elevation. | (role-playing games, video games) A numeric value given to a character (or other element of a game) that represents its relative power, challenge or eligibility to do things, used as a game mechanic to govern progression through a game.


lexentry: eng/level_crossing__Noun__1
written_rep: level crossing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przejazd kolejowo-drogowy
sense_list:
(chiefly, British) An at-grade crossing between a railway line and an ordinary road, with rails and road at the same level.


lexentry: eng/leverage__Noun__1
written_rep: leverage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dźwignia finansowa | lewarowanie
sense_list:
(finance) The use of borrowed funds with a contractually determined return to increase the ability to invest and earn an expected higher return, but usually at high risk.


lexentry: eng/leverage__Verb__1
written_rep: leverage
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykorzystać | wykorzystywać
sense_list:
(transitive, chiefly, US, slang, business) To use; to exploit; to manipulate in order to take full advantage (of something).


lexentry: eng/leviathan__Noun__1
written_rep: leviathan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lewiatan
sense_list:
(Bible, mythological creature) A vast sea monster of tremendous strength, described as the most powerful and dangerous creature in the ocean.


lexentry: eng/levitation__Noun__1
written_rep: levitation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lewitacja
sense_list:
The raising of something, such as a body, without apparent physical cause, allegedly using the power of the mind | The suspension of something via technical means without any mechanical support, such as by magnetism


lexentry: eng/levity__Noun__1
written_rep: levity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: beztroska
sense_list:
Lightness of manner or speech, frivolity; flippancy; lack of appropriate seriousness; inclination to make a joke of serious matters.


lexentry: eng/levorotatory__Adjective__1
written_rep: levorotatory
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lewoskrętny
sense_list:
(chemistry) (of an optically active compound or crystal) That rotates the plane of polarized light to the left, or counter-clockwise. Notation: (−) or formerly lowercase l-#Prefix.


lexentry: eng/lexeme__Noun__1
written_rep: lexeme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leksem
sense_list:
(linguistics) A lexical item corresponding to the set of all words (or of all multi-word expressions) that are semantically related through inflection of a particular shared basic form.


lexentry: eng/lexical_category__Noun__1
written_rep: lexical category
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: część mowy
sense_list:
(linguistics) A linguistic category of words (or more precisely lexical items), generally defined by the syntactic or morphological behaviour of the lexical item in question, such as nouns or verbs.


lexentry: eng/lexicalize__Verb__1
written_rep: lexicalize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leksykalizować
sense_list:
(intransitive, of a term) To become part of the vocabulary of a language as a single lexical unit with a distinct meaning.


lexentry: eng/lexicography__Noun__1
written_rep: lexicography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leksykografia | słownikarstwo
sense_list:
(uncountable) The art or craft of compiling, writing, and editing dictionaries. | (uncountable, linguistics) The scholarly discipline of analysing and describing the semantic, syntagmatic and paradigmatic relationships within the lexicon (vocabulary) of a language and developing theories of dictionary components and structures linking the data in dictionaries.


lexentry: eng/lexicology__Noun__1
written_rep: lexicology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leksykologia
sense_list:
(uncountable, linguistics) The part of linguistics that studies words, their nature and meaning, words' elements, relations between words including semantic relations, words groups and the whole lexicon.


lexentry: eng/li__Noun__1
written_rep: li
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czy
sense_list:
The Chinese mile, a traditional unit of distance equal to 1500 chis or 150 zhangs, now standardized as a half-kilometer (500 meters).


lexentry: eng/liability_insurance__Noun__1
written_rep: liability insurance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ubezpieczenie odpowiedzialności cywilnej
sense_list:
Any insurance against a potential loss due to the insured's liability for injury or damage to others.


lexentry: eng/libation__Noun__1
written_rep: libation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: libacja
sense_list:
The act of pouring a liquid, most often wine, in sacrifice on the ground, on a ritual object, or on a victim, in honor of some deity.


lexentry: eng/libel__Noun__1
written_rep: libel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oszczerstwo
sense_list:
(countable) A written or pictorial false statement which unjustly seeks to damage someone's reputation.


lexentry: eng/libelous__Adjective__1
written_rep: libelous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oszczerczy
sense_list:
Defamatory, libeling, referring to something that causes harm to someone's reputation especially with malice or disregard.


lexentry: eng/liberal__Adjective__1
written_rep: liberal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: liberalny
sense_list:
Widely open to new ideas, willing to depart from established opinions or conventions; permissive. | (politics) Open to political or social changes and reforms associated with either classical or modern liberalism.


lexentry: eng/liberal__Noun__1
written_rep: liberal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liberał
sense_list:
One with liberal views, supporting individual liberty (see Wikipedia's article on Liberalism). | (US politics) Someone with progressive or left-wing views; one with a left-wing ideology.


lexentry: eng/liberal_arts__Noun__1
written_rep: liberal arts
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztuki wyzwolone
sense_list:
The academic course of instruction intended to provide general knowledge and usually comprising the arts, humanities, natural sciences, and social sciences, as opposed to professional or technical subjects. | The trivium and the quadrivium.


lexentry: eng/liberalism__Noun__1
written_rep: liberalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liberalizm
sense_list:
The quality of being liberal. | (politics) Any political movement founded on the autonomy and personal freedom of the individual, progress and reform, and government by law with the consent of the governed. | (economics) An economic ideology in favour of laissez faire and the free market (related to economic liberalism).


lexentry: eng/libertarian__Noun__1
written_rep: libertarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: libertyn
sense_list:
(politics) One who advocates libertarianism; also, a member of a political party supporting libertarianism.


lexentry: eng/libertarian_socialism__Noun__1
written_rep: libertarian socialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wolnościowy socjalizm
sense_list:
Any of a group of political philosophies dedicated to opposing coercive forms of authority and social hierarchy, prominent examples being capitalism and the State; especially one that encourages the direct seizure by the people of the means of production with the aim of moving toward the creation of a radical direct democracy.


lexentry: eng/libertarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: libertarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: libertarianizm
sense_list:
(economics, philosophy, politics) A political philosophy maintaining that all persons are the absolute owners of their own lives, and should be free to do whatever they wish with their persons or property, provided they allow others that same liberty.


lexentry: eng/libertine__Noun__2
written_rep: libertine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: libertyn
sense_list:
One who is freethinking in religious matters. | Someone (especially a man) who takes no notice of moral laws, especially those involving sexual propriety; someone loose in morals; a pleasure-seeker.


lexentry: eng/libertinism__Noun__1
written_rep: libertinism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozpusta
sense_list:
A lifestyle or pattern of behavior characterized by self-indulgence and lack of restraint, especially one involving sexual promiscuity and rejection of religious or other moral authority.


lexentry: eng/libido__Noun__1
written_rep: libido
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: libido | chuć | popęd seksualny | pożądanie seksualne
sense_list:
(common usage) Sexual urges or drives. | (psychology) Drives or mental energies related to or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.


lexentry: eng/librarian__Noun__1
written_rep: librarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bibliotekarz | bibliotekarka
sense_list:
The keeper, manager of a library. | One who cares for the publications, files etc. in a library, whether staff or volunteer. | A person who processes and organizes information.


lexentry: eng/library__Noun__1
written_rep: library
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biblioteka | książnica
sense_list:
An institution which holds books and/or other forms of media for use by the public or qualified people often lending them out, as well as providing various other services for its users.


lexentry: eng/library__Noun__1
written_rep: library
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: biblioteka
sense_list:
(genetics) A collection of DNA material from a single organism or relative to a single disease. | (card games, Magic: The Gathering) The deck or draw pile.


lexentry: eng/library_science__Noun__1
written_rep: library science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bibliotekoznawstwo
sense_list:
An interdisciplinary science incorporating the humanities, law and applied science to study topics related to libraries, the collection, organization, preservation and dissemination of information resources, and the political economy of information.


lexentry: eng/libre__Adjective__1
written_rep: libre
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wolny
sense_list:
(software) With very few limitations on distribution or the right to access the source code to create improved versions, but not necessarily free of charge. [from late 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/libtard__Noun__1
written_rep: libtard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lewak
sense_list:
(US, slang, derogatory, political) A stupid liberal or progressive; a person who presents or advocates liberal views in a stupid or illogical manner.


lexentry: eng/license__Noun__1
written_rep: license
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: swawola
sense_list:
Freedom to deviate deliberately from normally applicable rules or practices (especially in behaviour or speech). | Excessive freedom; lack of due restraint.


lexentry: eng/license_plate__Noun__1
written_rep: license plate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tablica rejestracyjna | blacha
sense_list:
An identifying tag, usually made of metal, bearing a sequence of letters or numbers identifying the vehicle, and placed at the rear and, often, also at the front of a motor vehicle.


lexentry: eng/licentious__Adjective__1
written_rep: licentious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozpustny | rozwiązły | wszeteczny
sense_list:
Lacking restraint, or ignoring societal standards, particularly in sexual conduct; sexually unprincipled.


lexentry: eng/lich__Noun__1
written_rep: lich
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: licz | lisz
sense_list:
(fantasy, RPG) A reanimated corpse or undead being; particularly an intelligent, undead spellcaster.


lexentry: eng/lichen__Noun__1
written_rep: lichen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porost | liszaj
sense_list:
Any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow-to-blue–green patches on rocks, old walls, etc.


lexentry: eng/lichenometry__Noun__1
written_rep: lichenometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lichenometria
sense_list:
(archaeology, paleontology, geomorphology) A geomorphic method of geochronologic dating that uses lichen growth to determine the age of exposed rock.


lexentry: eng/lickspittle__Verb__1
written_rep: lickspittle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podlizać się | podlizywać się | włazić w dupę
sense_list:
(transitive, and, intransitive) To play the toady; take the role of a lickspittle to please (someone).


lexentry: eng/licorice__Noun__1
written_rep: licorice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lukrecja
sense_list:
(countable) A plant of species Glycyrrhiza glabra, or sometimes in North America, the related American licorice plant Glycyrrhiza lepidota. | (uncountable, chemistry) A flavoring agent made from dried root portions of the aforementioned plant.


lexentry: eng/lictor__Noun__1
written_rep: lictor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liktor
sense_list:
An officer in Ancient Rome, attendant on a consul or magistrate, who bore the fasces and was responsible for punishing criminals.


lexentry: eng/lidar__Noun__1
written_rep: lidar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lidar
sense_list:
(usually, uncountable) The optical analogue of radar, using intense pulses of laser light to measure the composition and structure of the atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/lidocaine__Noun__1
written_rep: lidocaine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lidokaina
sense_list:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) A crystalline compound C14H22N2O that is used in the form of its hydrochloride as a local anesthetic and as an antiarrhythmic agent.


lexentry: eng/lie_in_wait__Verb__1
written_rep: lie in wait
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czatować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be hiding, waiting to ambush or attack someone, or simply to accost them unexpectedly.


lexentry: eng/lie_through_one's_teeth__Verb__1
written_rep: lie through one's teeth
part_of_speech: verb
sense_list: (idiomatic) To tell an obvious untruth.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
łgać jak z nut | łgać jak najęty | opowiadać głodne kawałki | wciskać ciemnotę | wciskać kit | łgać jak pies


lexentry: eng/lien__Noun__1
written_rep: lien
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prawo zatrzymania
sense_list:
(legal) A right to take possession of a debtor’s property as security until a debt or duty is discharged.


lexentry: eng/lieutenant__Adjective__1
written_rep: lieutenant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porucznik
sense_list:
A military grade that is junior to the grade the adjective modifies: lieutenant colonel, lieutenant general, lieutenant commander.


lexentry: eng/lieutenant__Noun__1
written_rep: lieutenant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porucznik | podporucznik
sense_list:
(military) The lowest junior commissioned officer rank(s) in many military forces, often Army and Marines.


lexentry: eng/lieutenant_colonel__Noun__1
written_rep: lieutenant colonel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: podpułkownik
sense_list:
An English-language term used as a general categorization for military officer ranks that are the equivalent of lieutenant colonel, the relative rank level is found in most countries.


lexentry: eng/lieutenant_general__Noun__1
written_rep: lieutenant general
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: generał broni | generał porucznik | generał-lejtnant
sense_list:
A commissioned officer in the British Army or Royal Marines or the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, or United States Air Force, ranked above a major general and below a general.


lexentry: eng/lieutenant_junior_grade__Noun__1
written_rep: lieutenant junior grade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podporucznik
sense_list:
A commissioned officer of the United States Navy whose rank is above an ensign's and below a lieutenant, or a corresponding rank in other navies.


lexentry: eng/life__Noun__1
written_rep: life
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: życie | żywot
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of organisms preceding their death, characterized by biological processes such as metabolism and reproduction and distinguishing them from inanimate objects; the state of being alive and living.


lexentry: eng/life__Noun__1
written_rep: life
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: życie
sense_list:
A worthwhile existence. | Something which is inherently part of a person's existence, such as job, family, a loved one, etc. | The period during which one (a person, an animal, a plant; a civilization, species; a star; etc) is alive. | Animation; spirit; vivacity. | Nature, reality, and the forms that exist in it. | (video games) One of the player's chances to play, lost when the player's character dies or when certain mistakes are made.


lexentry: eng/life__Noun__1
written_rep: life
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 12
trans_list: dożywocie | kara dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności
sense_list:
(countable) A life assured under a life assurance policy (equivalent to the policy itself for a single life contract).


lexentry: eng/life_belt__Noun__1
written_rep: life belt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koło ratunkowe
sense_list:
A buoyant ring carried on board ships that can be thrown to someone in the water in an emergency to keep themselves afloat.


lexentry: eng/life_cycle__Noun__1
written_rep: life cycle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cykl życia
sense_list:
(biology) The course of stages through which an organism passes from fertilized zygote until maturity, reproduction, and death.


lexentry: eng/life_drawing__Noun__1
written_rep: life drawing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szkoła wyższa
sense_list:
A sketched study of a model holding a pose, normally nude, or the process of creating such an image.


lexentry: eng/life_estate__Noun__1
written_rep: life estate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: majątek w użytkowaniu dożywotnim
sense_list:
(legal) An estate in land which is owned by a party only for the duration of the life of that party, and for which ownership will revert to another upon the death of that party.


lexentry: eng/life_expectancy__Noun__1
written_rep: life expectancy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: żywotność
sense_list:
(figuratively, by extension, of an idea or an object) The amount of time something is expected to last.


lexentry: eng/life_insurance__Noun__1
written_rep: life insurance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ubezpieczenie na życie
sense_list:
A form of insurance on the life of a person, whereby if the person dies then the insurance policy pays out a sum of money to the beneficiary (such as a person's family).


lexentry: eng/life_interest__Noun__1
written_rep: life interest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: umową renty
sense_list:
(law) A right, typically in the form of regular income, that lasts for the lifetime of the person benefiting from that right.


lexentry: eng/life_jacket__Noun__1
written_rep: life jacket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kapok
sense_list:
an article of protective clothing that is designed to keep the wearer's head floating above the surface of the water.


lexentry: eng/life_partner__Noun__1
written_rep: life partner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: towarzysz życia | towarzyszka życia
sense_list:
A romantic partner for life. This can be same-sex or opposite-sex, married or without marriage, and monogamous or polyamorous.


lexentry: eng/lifeboat__Noun__1
written_rep: lifeboat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łódź ratunkowa
sense_list:
(nautical) A boat especially designed for saving the lives of shipwrecked people or people in distress at sea (either launched from the shore with a crew, or else carried on board a larger ship).


lexentry: eng/lifeguard__Noun__1
written_rep: lifeguard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ratownik
sense_list:
A lifesaver: a rescuer, usually an expert swimmer, employed to save swimmers in trouble or near drowning at a body of water.


lexentry: eng/lifehack__Noun__1
written_rep: lifehack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lifehack
sense_list:
(colloquial) Any process or technique that reduces the chaos in one's life and makes it easier to manage, or more convenient.


lexentry: eng/lift__Noun__1
written_rep: lift
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: winda | wyciąg | dźwig
sense_list:
(UK, Australia, New Zealand, India, puristic, _, elsewhere) Mechanical device for vertically transporting goods or people between floors in a building.


lexentry: eng/liftoff__Noun__1
written_rep: liftoff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: start
sense_list:
(aerospace) The point in the launch of a rocket or an aircraft where it leaves contact with the ground.


lexentry: eng/ligand__Noun__1
written_rep: ligand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: addend
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry) A molecule or moiety (ion, functional group, or radical) that binds to another chemical entity to form a larger complex; as, especially:


lexentry: eng/ligature__Noun__1
written_rep: ligature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bandaż
sense_list:
(countable) A cord or similar thing used to tie something; especially the thread used in surgery to close a vessel or duct.


lexentry: eng/ligature__Noun__1
written_rep: ligature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ligatura
sense_list:
(countable, typography) A character that visually combines multiple letters, such as æ, œ, ß or ĳ; also logotype. Sometimes called a typographic ligature.


lexentry: eng/light-emitting_diode__Noun__1
written_rep: light-emitting diode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dioda elektroluminescencyjna
sense_list:
(physics) A rectifying semiconductor device which converts electrical energy into electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength in or near the visible spectrum of light.


lexentry: eng/light__Adjective__2
written_rep: light
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: lekki
sense_list:
(nautical, of a ship) Riding high because of no cargo; by extension, pertaining to a ship which is light. | Lightly built; typically designed for speed or small loads.


lexentry: eng/light__Noun__1
written_rep: light
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: światło
sense_list:
(physics, uncountable) Electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range visible to the human eye (about 400–750 nanometers); visible light. | (countable) A source of illumination. | (figurative) Spiritual or mental illumination; enlightenment, useful information. | A point of view, or aspect from which a concept, person or thing is regarded.


lexentry: eng/light__Noun__1
written_rep: light
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: okno | światło | świetlik
sense_list:
A window in architecture, carriage design, or motor car design: either the opening itself or the window pane of glass that fills it, if any.


lexentry: eng/light__Verb__1
written_rep: light
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: zapalić | rozpalić
sense_list:
(transitive, pinball) To make (a bonus) available to be collected by hitting a target, and thus light up the feature light corresponding to that bonus to indicate its availability.


lexentry: eng/light_bulb__Noun__1
written_rep: light bulb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żarówka
sense_list:
An evacuated glass bulb containing a metal filament which is heated by electrical resistance to produce light.


lexentry: eng/light_cavalry__Noun__1
written_rep: light cavalry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lekka kawaleria
sense_list:
(military) A military unit consisting of lightly armed and lightly armored troops mounted on horses.


lexentry: eng/light_pollution__Noun__1
written_rep: light pollution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zanieczyszczenie świetlne
sense_list:
An excess of artificial light, especially near urban areas, reducing visibility of stars, etc. in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/light_switch__Noun__1
written_rep: light switch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: włącznik światła
sense_list:
A switch, usually mounted on a wall in a building, used to turn the light or another appliance such as a fan on and off.


lexentry: eng/light_year__Noun__1
written_rep: light year
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rok świetlny
sense_list:
(astronomy) A unit of length (abbreviation ly; equal to just under 10 trillion kilometres (1016 metres)) equal to the distance light travels in one Julian year; used to measure extremely large distances.


lexentry: eng/lighten__Verb__2
written_rep: lighten
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odciążać | odciążyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To alleviate; to reduce the burden of. | (transitive) To make light or lighter in weight.


lexentry: eng/lighter__Noun__1
written_rep: lighter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zapalniczka
sense_list:
A device used to light things, especially a reusable handheld device for creating fire to light cigarettes.


lexentry: eng/lighter__Noun__2
written_rep: lighter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lichtuga
sense_list:
A flat-bottomed boat for carrying heavy loads across short distances (especially for canals or for loading or unloading larger boats).


lexentry: eng/lightning__Noun__1
written_rep: lightning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: błyskawica | piorun | grom
sense_list:
A flash of light produced by short-duration, high-voltage discharge of electricity within a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the earth.


lexentry: eng/lightning_rod__Noun__1
written_rep: lightning rod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piorunochron
sense_list:
A metallic conductor that is attached to a high point of a building and leads to the ground to protect the building from damage by lightning.


lexentry: eng/lightning_strike__Noun__1
written_rep: lightning strike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: błyskawica
sense_list:
A lightning bolt, stroke of lightning, one of the events during an electrical storm when lightning strikes (an object on) the ground or an aircraft in flight.


lexentry: eng/lights,_camera,_action__Phrase__1
written_rep: lights, camera, action
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: światła, kamera, akcja!
sense_list:
(cinematography) The traditional cue to the members of a (silent) film crew at the beginning of a take.


lexentry: eng/lightship__Noun__1
written_rep: lightship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: latarniowiec
sense_list:
(nautical) A ship riding at anchor and displaying a light for the guidance of sailors, in a position where a fixed lighthouse structure would be impracticable.


lexentry: eng/lignoceric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: lignoceric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas lignocerynowy
sense_list:
(fatty acid) The saturated fatty acid n-tetracosanoic acid, having twenty-four carbon atoms; it is found in wood tar


lexentry: eng/ligularia__Noun__1
written_rep: ligularia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: języczka
sense_list:
(botany) Any of several species of flowering plant, of the genus Ligularia, having heart-shaped leaves and bright, daisy-like flowers.


lexentry: eng/like__Noun__1
written_rep: like
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lajk
sense_list:
(internet) An individual vote showing support for, approval of, or enjoyment of, something posted on the Internet.


lexentry: eng/like__Verb__1
written_rep: like
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: lajkować | dać lajka
sense_list:
(Internet, social media, transitive) To show support for, or approval of, something posted on the Internet by marking it with a vote.


lexentry: eng/like_talking_to_a_wall__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: like talking to a wall
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: groch o ścianę
sense_list:
(idiom) A futile or unsuccessful attempt at communication due to the ignorance or stubbornness of the other party.


