# translation

lexentry: eng/pyrochlore__Noun__1
written_rep: pyrochlore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pirochlor
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral whose composition is that of a mixed niobate mostly of sodium, calcium and cerium, (Na,Ca)2Nb2O6(OH,F).


lexentry: eng/pyroclastic__Adjective__1
written_rep: pyroclastic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piroklastyczny
sense_list:
(vulcanology) Mostly composed of rock fragments of volcanic origin or comminuted during an eruption.


lexentry: eng/pyroclastic_flow__Noun__1
written_rep: pyroclastic flow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lawina piroklastyczna
sense_list:
(volcanology) A dense flow of volcanic ash, dust, rocks and debris that cascades at high speed down the slope of a volcano during an eruption.


lexentry: eng/pyrogenic__Adjective__1
written_rep: pyrogenic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pirogeniczny | pirogenny
sense_list:
(pathology, chemistry) generating or produced by heat, especially in the body; causing or caused by fever


lexentry: eng/pyrography__Noun__1
written_rep: pyrography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pirografia
sense_list:
The freehanded art of decorating wood, leather or other materials with burn marks (resulting in surface burned designs) from the controlled application of a heated object or tool such as a poker.


lexentry: eng/pyroligneous_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: pyroligneous acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ocet drzewny
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) A dark liquid, produced by destructive distillation of wood; containing acetic acid, methanol, oils and tars; once used as a commercial source of acetic acid.


lexentry: eng/pyrolysis__Noun__1
written_rep: pyrolysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piroliza
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) The decomposition of a material or compound due to heat, in the absence of oxygen or other reagents.


lexentry: eng/pyromania__Noun__1
written_rep: pyromania
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piromania
sense_list:
(psychology) A compulsive disorder characterized by obsession with fire or uncontrollable urges to start fires.


lexentry: eng/pyrope__Noun__1
written_rep: pyrope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pirop
sense_list:
(mineral) A variety of garnet, of a poppy or blood-red color, frequently with a tinge of orange. It is used as a gemstone.


lexentry: eng/pyroxene__Noun__1
written_rep: pyroxene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piroksen
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of a group of crystalline minerals containing silicates of iron, magnesium and calcium.


lexentry: eng/pyroxenite__Noun__1
written_rep: pyroxenite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piroksenit
sense_list:
(geology) A heavy, dark igneous rock consisting mostly of pyroxene minerals with smaller amounts of olivine and hornblende.


lexentry: eng/pyrrole__Noun__1
written_rep: pyrrole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pirol
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds containing a ring of four carbon atoms and a nitrogen atom; especially the simplest one, C4H5N. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pyx__Noun__1
written_rep: pyx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: puszka
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism, also, figurative) A small, usually round container used to hold the host, especially when bringing communion to the sick or others unable to attend Mass.


lexentry: eng/qanun__Noun__1
written_rep: qanun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawo
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A Near Eastern and Caucasian musical instrument related to the zither, dulcimer, or harp having either 26 strings and a single bridge, or 42 strings and two bridges.


lexentry: eng/quack__Noun__2
written_rep: quack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: konował | znachor
sense_list:
(pejorative) A fraudulent healer, especially a bombastic peddler in worthless treatments, a doctor who makes false diagnoses for monetary benefit, or an untrained or poorly trained doctor who uses fraudulent credentials to attract patients [from c. 1630]


lexentry: eng/quacksalver__Noun__1
written_rep: quacksalver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szarlatan
sense_list:
(archaic) One falsely claiming to possess medical or other skills, especially one who dispenses potions, ointments, etc., supposedly having curative powers; a quack. [from c. 1570]


lexentry: eng/quad_bike__Noun__1
written_rep: quad bike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: quad
sense_list:
A small off-road four-wheeled powered vehicle, especially of a design derived from a motorcycle, usually used for recreation or farm work.


lexentry: eng/quadrant__Noun__1
written_rep: quadrant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kwadrant
sense_list:
(mathematics) One of the four regions of the Cartesian plane bounded by the x-axis and y-axis. | (nautical) A measuring device with a graduated arc of 90° used in locating an altitude.


lexentry: eng/quadratic_equation__Noun__1
written_rep: quadratic equation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równanie kwadratowe
sense_list:
(algebra) A polynomial equation of the second degree; an equation that can be rearranged in standard form as ax^2 + bx + c = 0, where x is an unknown value, and a, b, and c are known numbers, where a does not equal zero.


lexentry: eng/quadratic_formula__Noun__1
written_rep: quadratic formula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: funkcja kwadratowa
sense_list:
(mathematics) The formula x = \frac {-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} for finding roots of the quadratic equation.


lexentry: eng/quadrature_amplitude_modulation__Noun__1
written_rep: quadrature amplitude modulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwadraturowa modulacja amplitudowo-fazowa | modulacja QAM
sense_list:
(radio) A modulation scheme that conveys data by applying amplitude modulation to two carrier waves at once. These two waves, usually sinusoids, are out of phase with each other by 90° and are thus called quadrature carriers. Commonly abbreviated QAM.


lexentry: eng/quadriga__Noun__1
written_rep: quadriga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kwadryga
sense_list:
(historical) A team of four horses, or sometimes other animals, especially as used in chariot racing.


lexentry: eng/quadrille__Noun__1
written_rep: quadrille
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kadryl
sense_list:
(dance) A dance originating in the mid-1700s with four couples forming a square, rather much like the modern square dance.


lexentry: eng/quadrillion__Numeral__1
written_rep: quadrillion
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biliard
sense_list:
(US, modern British and Australian, short scale) A thousand trillion (logic: 1,000 × 1,0004): 1 followed by fifteen zeros, 1015.


lexentry: eng/quadrillion__Numeral__1
written_rep: quadrillion
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kwadrylion
sense_list:
(dated, UK, Australia, long scale) A million trillion (logic: 1,000,0004): 1 followed by twenty-four zeros, 1024.


lexentry: eng/quadrivium__Noun__1
written_rep: quadrivium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: quadrivium | kwadrywium
sense_list:
(education, historical) The higher division of the seven liberal arts in the Middle Ages, composed of geometry, astronomy, arithmetic, and music.


lexentry: eng/quadruplet__Noun__1
written_rep: quadruplet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: czworaczek
sense_list:
One of a group of four, particularly one of four babies born from the same mother during the same birth.


lexentry: eng/quaff__Verb__1
written_rep: quaff
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: napić się
sense_list:
To drink or imbibe with vigour or relish; to drink copiously; to swallow in large draughts. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/quagga__Noun__1
written_rep: quagga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwaga | kwagga
sense_list:
A southern-African subspecies of plains zebra, Equus quagga quagga, which went extinct in 1883. The upper parts of the animal were reddish brown, becoming paler behind and beneath, while the face, neck, and fore part of the body were marked by dark stripes.


lexentry: eng/quail__Noun__1
written_rep: quail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepiórka
sense_list:
Any of various small game birds of the genera Coturnix, Anurophasis or Perdicula in the Old World family Phasianidae or of the New World family Odontophoridae.


lexentry: eng/quaking_grass__Noun__1
written_rep: quaking grass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drżączka
sense_list:
Any of the genus Briza of annual and perennial grasses, whose flowers and seedheads shake on their stalks in the slightest breeze.


lexentry: eng/qualification__Noun__1
written_rep: qualification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwalifikacja
sense_list:
The act or process of qualifying for a position, achievement etc. [from 16th c.] | An ability or attribute that aids someone's chances of qualifying for something; specifically, completed professional training. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/qualifier__Noun__1
written_rep: qualifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: atrybut
sense_list:
(grammar) A word or phrase, such as an adjective or adverb, that describes or characterizes another word or phrase, such as a noun or verb; a modifier; that adds or subtracts attributes to another.


lexentry: eng/qualitative__Adjective__1
written_rep: qualitative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jakościowy
sense_list:
Of descriptions or distinctions based on some quality rather than on some quantity. | (chemistry) Of a form of analysis that yields the identity of a compound.


lexentry: eng/quality__Noun__1
written_rep: quality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jakość
sense_list:
(uncountable) Level of excellence. | (uncountable) The degree to which a man-made object or system is free from bugs and flaws, as opposed to scope of functions or quantity of items.


lexentry: eng/quality_control__Noun__1
written_rep: quality control
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kontrola jakości
sense_list:
A control, such as inspection or testing, introduced into an industrial or business process to ensure quality.


lexentry: eng/quandary__Noun__1
written_rep: quandary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niezdecydowanie
sense_list:
A state of not knowing what to decide; a state of difficulty or perplexity; a state of uncertainty, hesitation or puzzlement.


lexentry: eng/quantifier__Noun__1
written_rep: quantifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kwantyfikator
sense_list:
(logic) An operator, such as the universal quantifier (written as ∀) or the existential quantifier (∃), used in predicate calculus to indicate the degree that predicate is true for a specified set.


lexentry: eng/quantify__Verb__1
written_rep: quantify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: określać ilościowo | określić ilościowo
sense_list:
(logic) To relate a statement (called a predicate) to a given set using a quantifier—either for all (denoted ∀) or there exists (denoted ∃).


lexentry: eng/quantile__Noun__1
written_rep: quantile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwantyl
sense_list:
(statistics) One of the class of values of a variate which divides the members of a batch or sample into equal-sized subgroups of adjacent values or a probability distribution into distributions of equal probability.


lexentry: eng/quantitative_easing__Noun__1
written_rep: quantitative easing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: luzowanie ilościowe
sense_list:
(economics) A monetary policy in which the central bank increases the money supply in the banking system, as by purchasing bonds from banks.


lexentry: eng/quantity__Noun__1
written_rep: quantity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ilość | wielkość
sense_list:
A fundamental, generic term used when referring to the measurement (count, amount) of a scalar, vector, number of items or to some other way of denominating the value of a collection or group of items.


lexentry: eng/quantum__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: kwant | ilość
sense_list:
(physics) The smallest possible, and therefore indivisible, unit of a given quantity or quantifiable phenomenon. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/quantum_chromodynamics__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum chromodynamics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chromodynamika kwantowa
sense_list:
(quantum mechanics) A quantum field theory in particle physics which describes the strong interaction of quarks and gluons employing the concept of color charge.


lexentry: eng/quantum_computer__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum computer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: komputer kwantowy
sense_list:
(quantum computing) A computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena to transcend classical time complexity limitations.


lexentry: eng/quantum_electrodynamics__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum electrodynamics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: elektrodynamika kwantowa
sense_list:
(physics) The study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with electrically charged matter within the framework of relativity and quantum mechanics.


lexentry: eng/quantum_entanglement__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum entanglement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: splątanie kwantowe | stan splątany
sense_list:
(quantum mechanics) A quantum mechanical phenomenon in which the quantum states of two or more objects have to be described with reference to each other, even though the individual objects are spatially separated.


lexentry: eng/quantum_field_theory__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum field theory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwantowa teoria pola
sense_list:
(quantum mechanics) A theory of quantum fields; the result of applying second quantization to Classical Relativistic Field Theory.


lexentry: eng/quantum_logic__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum logic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: logika kwantowa
sense_list:
(logic, quantum mechanics) A form of non-classical logic which has been abstracted out of quantum mechanics.


lexentry: eng/quantum_mechanics__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum mechanics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mechanika kwantowa
sense_list:
(physics) The branch of physics which studies matter and energy at the level of atoms and other elementary particles, and substitutes probabilistic mechanisms in place of classical Newtonian ones.


lexentry: eng/quantum_number__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczba kwantowa
sense_list:
(quantum mechanics) One of certain integers or half-integers that specify the state of a quantum mechanical system (such as an electron in an atom).


lexentry: eng/quantum_well__Noun__1
written_rep: quantum well
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: studnia kwantowa
sense_list:
(quantum mechanics) a potential well that confines particles in one dimension, forcing them to occupy a planar region


lexentry: eng/quarantine__Noun__1
written_rep: quarantine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwarantanna
sense_list:
(historical) A 40-day period formerly imposed by the French king upon warring nobles during which they were forbidden from exacting revenge or continuing to fight. | A period, instance, or state of isolation from the general public or from native livestock and flora enacted to prevent the spread of any contagious disease. | (figurative) A similar period, instance, or state of rigidly enforced or self-enforced detention or isolation. | A place where such isolation is enforced, a lazaret. | (politics, figurative) A blockade of trade, suspension of diplomatic relations, or other action whereby one country seeks to isolate another.


lexentry: eng/quarantine__Verb__1
written_rep: quarantine
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: poddać kwarantannie
sense_list:
(intransitive) To enter or stay in quarantine, particularly to self-quarantine to avoid an epidemic disease.


lexentry: eng/quark__Noun__1
written_rep: quark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwark
sense_list:
(particle) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle that forms matter. They combine to form hadrons, such as protons and neutrons.


lexentry: eng/quark__Noun__2
written_rep: quark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: twaróg | biały ser | ser biały
sense_list:
A soft creamy cheese, eaten throughout northern, central, eastern, and southeastern Europe as well as the Low Countries, very similar to cottage cheese except that it is usually not made with rennet.


lexentry: eng/quarrel__Noun__2
written_rep: quarrel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bełt
sense_list:
(countable, archery, historical) An arrow or bolt for a crossbow or an arbalest, traditionally with the head square in its cross section.


lexentry: eng/quart__Noun__1
written_rep: quart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwarta
sense_list:
A unit of liquid capacity equal to two pints; one-fourth (quarter) of a gallon. Equivalent to 1.136 liters in the UK and 0.946 liter (liquid quart) or 1.101 liters (dry quart) in the U.S.


lexentry: eng/quarter__Noun__1
written_rep: quarter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwartał
sense_list:
(now, historical) A fourth part of the night; one of the watches or divisions of the night. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarter__Noun__1
written_rep: quarter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwartał | ćwierć
sense_list:
(historical) A measure of length; originally a fourth part of an ell, now chiefly a fourth part of a yard. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarter__Noun__1
written_rep: quarter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ćwierćdolarówka
sense_list:
(North America) A quarter-dollar, divided into 25 cents; the coin of that value minted in the United States or Canada. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarter__Noun__1
written_rep: quarter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dzielnica
sense_list:
A division or section of a town or city, especially having a particular character of its own, or associated with a particular group etc. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarter_day__Noun__1
written_rep: quarter day
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzień kwartalny | suchy dzień
sense_list:
Each of the four days customarily regarded as starting a new quarter year, formerly established as a time for rents and other payments to be due, tenancies to begin and end, and various meetings and assemblies to be held. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/quarterfinal__Noun__1
written_rep: quarterfinal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ćwierćfinał
sense_list:
(sports) One of the four competitions in a knockout tournament whose winners go on to play in the two semifinals.


lexentry: eng/quartermaster__Noun__1
written_rep: quartermaster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwatermistrz
sense_list:
(military rank) An officer whose duty is to provide quarters, provisions, storage, clothing, fuel, stationery, and transportation for a regiment or other body of troops, and superintend the supplies. Master of quartering.


lexentry: eng/quarterstaff__Noun__1
written_rep: quarterstaff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drąg
sense_list:
A wooden staff with an approximate length between 2 and 2.5 meters, sometimes tipped with iron, used as a weapon in rural England during the Early Modern period. | Fighting or exercise with a wooden staff of this sort.


lexentry: eng/quartz__Noun__1
written_rep: quartz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwarc
sense_list:
(mineral) The most abundant mineral on the earth's surface, of chemical composition silicon dioxide, SiO2. It occurs in a variety of forms, both crystalline and amorphous. Found in every environment.


lexentry: eng/quasar__Noun__1
written_rep: quasar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwazar
sense_list:
(galaxy) An extragalactic object, starlike in appearance, that is among the most luminous and (putatively) the most distant objects in the universe.


lexentry: eng/quasiparticle__Noun__1
written_rep: quasiparticle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwazicząstka
sense_list:
(particle) Any entity that has some characteristics of a distinct particle, but comprises a grouping of multiple particles


lexentry: eng/quaternion__Noun__1
written_rep: quaternion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: kwaternion
sense_list:
(mathematics) A type of four-dimensional hypercomplex number consisting of a real part and three imaginary parts (real multiples of distinct, independent square roots of −1 denoted by i, j and k); commonly used in vector mathematics and as an alternative to matrix algebra in calculating the rotation of three-dimensional objects.


lexentry: eng/quattuordecillion__Numeral__1
written_rep: quattuordecillion
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: septyliard
sense_list:
(US, British, Australian, rare, short scale) 1045. | (dated, British, Australian, rare, long scale) 1084.


lexentry: eng/quay__Noun__1
written_rep: quay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nabrzeże | molo
sense_list:
(nautical) A stone or concrete structure on navigable water used for loading and unloading vessels; a wharf.


lexentry: eng/qubit__Noun__1
written_rep: qubit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kubit
sense_list:
(quantum computing) A quantum bit; the basic unit of quantum information described by a superposition of two states; a quantum bit in a quantum computer capable of being in a state of superposition.


lexentry: eng/queen__Noun__1
written_rep: queen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: królowa | dama | hetman | królówka
sense_list:
(chess) A chess piece that, under contemporary rules, is the most powerful, able to move any number of spaces horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.


lexentry: eng/queen__Noun__1
written_rep: queen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: królowa | dama | krala | hetman
sense_list:
(cards) A playing card with a depiction of a queen on it, generally ranking next below the king and above the jack in a given suit.


lexentry: eng/queen_mother__Noun__1
written_rep: queen mother
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: królowa matka
sense_list:
A widowed queen consort (a queen dowager) whose son or daughter from that marriage is the reigning monarch.


lexentry: eng/queer__Adjective__1
written_rep: queer
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziwny | dziwaczny
sense_list:
(dated, outside, Ireland, Scotland, and, England) Weird, odd, or different; whimsical. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/queer__Adjective__1
written_rep: queer
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: queerowy
sense_list:
(colloquial, sometimes, pejorative) Non-heterosexual or non-cisgender: homosexual, bisexual, asexual, transgender, etc. | (broadly) Pertaining to sexual or gender behaviour or identity which does not conform to conventional heterosexual or cisgender norms, assumptions etc. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/queerplatonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: queerplatonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[homoseksualista|homoseksualisto-]]platoniczny
sense_list:
(neologism, of a relationship) Not romantic and (usually) not sexual, but sharing a stronger emotional bond than typical in a friendship.


lexentry: eng/quenching__Noun__1
written_rep: quenching
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: hartowanie
sense_list:
(metallurgy) The rapid cooling of a hot metal object, by placing it in a liquid, in order to harden it.


lexentry: eng/query_language__Noun__1
written_rep: query language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: język zapytań
sense_list:
(databases, programming) Any of several generalized computer languages in which users may extract data from selected records in a database


lexentry: eng/quesadilla__Noun__1
written_rep: quesadilla
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: quesadilla
sense_list:
A Mexican dish made by filling a tortilla with cheese and sometimes other ingredients and then cooking it until the cheese is melted.


lexentry: eng/question__Noun__1
written_rep: question
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pytanie
sense_list:
A sentence, phrase or word which asks for information, reply or response; an interrogative. | A doubt or challenge about the truth, accuracy, or validity of a matter.


lexentry: eng/question_mark__Noun__1
written_rep: question mark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znak zapytania | pytajnik
sense_list:
(typography) The punctuation mark "?", used at the end of a sentence to indicate a question. | Polygonia interrogationis, a North American nymphalid butterfly with a silver mark on the underside of its hindwing resembling a question mark (sense 1).


lexentry: eng/quetzal__Noun__1
written_rep: quetzal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwezal | quetzal
sense_list:
Any trogon of the genus Pharomacrus, especially the resplendent quetzal, Pharomacrus mocinno, which has very long tail feathers and is found in Guatemala and Costa Rica.


lexentry: eng/queue__Noun__1
written_rep: queue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: kolejka
sense_list:
(computing) A data structure in which objects are added to one end, called the tail, and removed from the other, called the head (in the case of a FIFO queue). The term can also refer to a LIFO queue or stack where these ends coincide. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/quiche__Noun__1
written_rep: quiche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kisz
sense_list:
A pie made primarily of egg and cream, perhaps mixed with chopped meat or vegetables, in a pastry crust.


lexentry: eng/quick-and-dirty__Adjective__1
written_rep: quick-and-dirty
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zgrubna | zgrubny
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Done or constructed in a hasty, approximate, temporarily adequate manner, but not exact, fully formed, or reliable for a long period of time.


lexentry: eng/quick_match__Noun__1
written_rep: quick match
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lont
sense_list:
A pyrotechnic fuse consisting of a cotton string, coated with black powder, confined in a paper tube.


lexentry: eng/quicklime__Noun__1
written_rep: quicklime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wapno | wapno niegaszone
sense_list:
Calcium oxide, which is produced by heating (calcining) limestone and gives slaked lime on treatment with water.


lexentry: eng/quill__Noun__1
written_rep: quill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pióro | gęsie pióro
sense_list:
A pen made from a feather. | Something having the form of a quill, such as the fold or plain of a ruff, or (weaving) a spindle, or spool, upon which the thread for the woof is wound in a shuttle.


lexentry: eng/quillback__Noun__1
written_rep: quillback
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kołdra
sense_list:
Carpiodes cyprinus, a freshwater fish of the sucker family with a long filament that extends back from the dorsal fin, native to the eastern and central United States.


lexentry: eng/quillwort__Noun__1
written_rep: quillwort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porybliny
sense_list:
Any of various simple microphyllous vascular plants, of the family Isoetaceae, that resemble rushes and produce spores.


lexentry: eng/quilt__Noun__1
written_rep: quilt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kołdra
sense_list:
A bed covering consisting of two layers of fabric stitched together, with insulation between, often having a decorative design.


lexentry: eng/quinceañera__Noun__1
written_rep: quinceañera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: quinceañera
sense_list:
(chiefly, US) The fifteenth birthday and particularly the celebration and ceremony surrounding it for a young Latina woman.


lexentry: eng/quincunx__Noun__1
written_rep: quincunx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwinkunks
sense_list:
An arrangement of five units with four forming the corners of a square and the fifth at the centre of the square, a pattern corresponding to the five-spot on dice, playing cards, or dominoes.


lexentry: eng/quinine__Noun__1
written_rep: quinine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chinina
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) An alkaloid with the chemical formula C20H24N2O2, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/quinoline__Noun__1
written_rep: quinoline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chinolina
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds containing a benzene ring fused with a pyridine ring; especially the simplest such compound, C9H7N.


lexentry: eng/quinone__Noun__1
written_rep: quinone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chinon
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of a class of aromatic compounds having two carbonyl functional groups in the same six-membered ring.


lexentry: eng/quintessence__Noun__1
written_rep: quintessence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwintesencja
sense_list:
A thing that is the most perfect example of its type; the most perfect embodiment of something; epitome, prototype.


lexentry: eng/quintet__Noun__1
written_rep: quintet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwintet
sense_list:
(music) A composition (a type of chamber music) in five parts (typically each a singer or instrumentalist, sometimes several musicians) | (music) A group of five musicians, fit to play such a piece of music together | Any group of five members


lexentry: eng/quintillion__Numeral__1
written_rep: quintillion
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trylion
sense_list:
(US, modern British & Australian, short scale) A billion billion: 1 followed by eighteen zeros, 1018.


lexentry: eng/quire__Noun__1
written_rep: quire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: książka
sense_list:
One-twentieth of a ream of paper; a collection of twenty-four or twenty-five sheets of paper of the same size and quality, unfolded or having a single fold.


lexentry: eng/quire__Noun__1
written_rep: quire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: 3:samochód
sense_list:
(bookbinding) A set of leaves which are stitched together, originally a set of four pieces of paper (eight leaves, sixteen pages). This is most often a single signature (i.e. group of four), but may be several nested signatures.


lexentry: eng/quirk__Noun__1
written_rep: quirk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziwactwo
sense_list:
An idiosyncrasy; a slight glitch, mannerism; something unusual about the manner or style of something or someone.


lexentry: eng/quit__Verb__1
written_rep: quit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zostawić
sense_list:
(transitive) To set at rest; to free, as from anything harmful or oppressive; to relieve; to clear; to liberate.


lexentry: eng/quite__Adverb__1
written_rep: quite
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: całkiem | całkowicie
sense_list:
To the greatest extent or degree; completely, entirely. | In a fully justified sense; truly, perfectly, actually.


lexentry: eng/quiver__Noun__1
written_rep: quiver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kołczan | drżenie
sense_list:
(weaponry) A container for arrows, crossbow bolts or darts, such as those fired from a bow, crossbow or blowgun.


lexentry: eng/quixotic__Adjective__1
written_rep: quixotic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: donkiszocki | donkiszotowski
sense_list:
Resembling or characteristic of the Spanish chivalric hero Don Quixote; possessed with or resulting from the desire to do noble and romantic deeds, without thought of realism and practicality; exceedingly idealistic.


lexentry: eng/quixotism__Noun__1
written_rep: quixotism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: donkiszoteria | donkiszotyzm
sense_list:
A form of idealism and delusion which leads to extravagant and absurd undertakings or sacrifices in obedience to a morbidly romantic ideal of duty or honor, as illustrated by the exploits of Don Quixote in knight-errantry.


lexentry: eng/quiz__Noun__1
written_rep: quiz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: kartkówka
sense_list:
(education) A school examination of less importance, or of greater brevity, than others given in the same course.


lexentry: eng/quoll__Noun__1
written_rep: quoll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niełaz
sense_list:
Any of the various carnivorous marsupials of the genus Dasyurus found in Australia and New Guinea, roughly the size of a cat.


lexentry: eng/quorum__Noun__1
written_rep: quorum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kworum | quorum
sense_list:
The minimum number of members required for a group to officially conduct business and to cast votes, often but not necessarily a majority or supermajority.


lexentry: eng/quotation_marks__Noun__1
written_rep: quotation marks
part_of_speech: noun
trans_list: cudzysłów
sense_list:
Note: These languages use “◌”-style marks or other styles as indicated. Some are singular and some plural.


lexentry: eng/quote_unquote__Adjective__1
written_rep: quote unquote
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w cudzysłowie
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Emphasizes the following (or sometimes preceding) word or phrase for irony, or marks it as not the normal sense of the term. Used almost exclusively in spoken language. In written language, quotation marks would be used instead.


lexentry: eng/quotidian__Adjective__1
written_rep: quotidian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: codzienny | potoczny | powszedni
sense_list:
Having the characteristics of something which can be seen, experienced, etc, every day or very commonly. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/quotient__Noun__1
written_rep: quotient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iloraz
sense_list:
(arithmetic) The number (either a fraction or an integer) resulting from the division of one number by another. | (mathematics) By analogy, the result of any process that is the inverse of multiplication as defined for any mathematical entities other than numbers.


lexentry: eng/rabbit__Noun__1
written_rep: rabbit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: zając
sense_list:
A runner in a distance race whose goal is mainly to set the pace, either to tire a specific rival so that a teammate can win or to help another break a record; a pacesetter.


lexentry: eng/rabbit_hole__Noun__1
written_rep: rabbit hole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: melina
sense_list:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see rabbit,‎ hole. The entrance to a rabbit warren or burrow; the whole warren or burrow.


lexentry: eng/rabbit_hole__Noun__1
written_rep: rabbit hole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: dygresja
sense_list:
(by extension) A time-consuming tangent or detour, often one from which it is difficult to extricate oneself.


lexentry: eng/rabble_rouser__Noun__1
written_rep: rabble rouser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podżegacz
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Someone or something that tends to inspire mobs; something controversial or provocative.


lexentry: eng/rabies__Noun__1
written_rep: rabies
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wścieklizna
sense_list:
(disease) An infectious disease caused by species of Lyssavirus that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals and people, characterised by abnormal behaviour such as biting, excitement, aggressiveness, and dementia, followed by paralysis and death.


lexentry: eng/raccoon__Noun__1
written_rep: raccoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szop
sense_list:
An omnivorous, nocturnal mammal native to North America, typically with a mixture of gray, brown, and black fur, a mask-like marking around the eyes and a striped tail; Procyon lotor.


lexentry: eng/raccoon_dog__Noun__1
written_rep: raccoon dog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jenot
sense_list:
A canid, of species Nyctereutes procyonoides or Nyctereutes viverrinus, the only extant species in the genus Nyctereutes of the Canidae or dog family, native to East Asia and widely introduced elsewhere in other cool parts of Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/race__Noun__1
written_rep: race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyścig | gonitwa
sense_list:
A contest between people, animals, vehicles, etc. where the goal is to be the first to reach some objective.


lexentry: eng/race__Noun__1
written_rep: race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: bieżnia
sense_list:
(engineering) A ring with a groove in which rolling elements (such as balls) ride, forming part of a rolling-element bearing (for example, a ball bearing).


lexentry: eng/race__Noun__2
written_rep: race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rasa
sense_list:
A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of a common heritage. | A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of common physical characteristics, such as skin color or hair type. | A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of shared characteristics or qualities, for example social qualities. | A group of sentient beings, particularly people, distinguished by common ancestry, heritage or characteristics (see Wikipedia's article on historical definitions of race): | (animal husbandry) A breed or strain of domesticated animal. | (biology) A population geographically separated from others of its species that develops significantly different characteristics; a mating group.


lexentry: eng/raceme__Noun__1
written_rep: raceme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kiść
sense_list:
(botany) An indeterminate inflorescence in which the flowers are arranged along a single central axis.


lexentry: eng/racewalking__Noun__1
written_rep: racewalking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chodziarstwo | chód sportowy
sense_list:
(sports) A sport in which people try to walk as fast as possible, subject to the constraint that at least one foot must be on the ground at all time (or else they would be running).


lexentry: eng/racism__Noun__1
written_rep: racism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rasizm
sense_list:
Prejudice or discrimination based upon race or ethnicity; (countable) an action of such discrimination.


lexentry: eng/racist__Noun__1
written_rep: racist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rasista | rasistka
sense_list:
A person who believes in or supports racism; a person who believes that a particular race is superior to others, or who discriminates against other races.


lexentry: eng/rack_and_pinion__Noun__1
written_rep: rack and pinion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zębatka
sense_list:
A pair of gears, consisting of a circular pinion that engages with the teeth of a flat bar, that converts rotational into linear motion; used in the steering mechanism of cars, and in some railways.


lexentry: eng/racket__Noun__1
written_rep: racket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rakieta
sense_list:
(countable, sports) An implement with a handle connected to a round frame strung with wire, sinew, or plastic cords, and used to hit a ball, such as in tennis or a shuttlecock in badminton.


lexentry: eng/racketeer__Noun__1
written_rep: racketeer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bandyta
sense_list:
One who commits crimes (especially fraud, bribery, loansharking, extortion etc.) to aid in running a shady or illegal business.


lexentry: eng/radar__Noun__1
written_rep: radar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radar | radiolokator
sense_list:
(uncountable) A method of detecting distant objects and determining their position, velocity, or other characteristics by analysis of sent radio waves (usually microwaves) reflected from their surfaces


lexentry: eng/radial_engine__Noun__1
written_rep: radial engine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: silnik gwiazdowy
sense_list:
Any of several internal combustion engines that have the cylinders arranged radially around a central crankshaft


lexentry: eng/radian__Noun__1
written_rep: radian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radian
sense_list:
(geometry) In the International System of Units, the derived unit of plane angular measure of angle equal to the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc of its circumference equal in length to the radius of the circle. Symbol: rad.


lexentry: eng/radiance__Noun__1
written_rep: radiance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: radiancja
sense_list:
(physics) The flux of radiation emitted per unit solid angle in a given direction by a unit area of a source.


lexentry: eng/radiation__Noun__1
written_rep: radiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: promieniowanie
sense_list:
The shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like diverging rays of light. | The process of radiating waves or particles. | The transfer of energy via radiation.


lexentry: eng/radiation_sickness__Noun__1
written_rep: radiation sickness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: choroba popromienna
sense_list:
(medicine, pathology) Any illness produced by ionizing radiation with symptoms ranging from nausea to death.


lexentry: eng/radiator__Noun__1
written_rep: radiator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: radiator
sense_list:
(automotive) A device that lowers engine coolant temperature by conducting heat to the air, through metal fins.


lexentry: eng/radical__Adjective__1
written_rep: radical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radykalny
sense_list:
Favoring fundamental change, or change at the root cause of a matter. | Thoroughgoing; far-reaching.


lexentry: eng/radical__Noun__1
written_rep: radical
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: radykał
sense_list:
A person with radical opinions. | (algebra, commutative algebra, ring theory, of an ideal) Given an ideal I in a commutative ring R, another ideal, denoted Rad(I) or \sqrt{I}, such that an element x ∈ R is in Rad(I) if, for some positive integer n, xn ∈ I; equivalently, the intersection of all prime ideals containing I.


lexentry: eng/radical__Noun__1
written_rep: radical
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: klucz | pierwiastek | radykał
sense_list:
(linguistics) In logographic writing systems such as the Chinese writing system, the portion of a character (if any) that provides an indication of its meaning, as opposed to phonetic.


lexentry: eng/radio__Noun__1
written_rep: radio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radio
sense_list:
(uncountable) The technology that allows for the transmission of sound or other signals by modulation of electromagnetic waves.


lexentry: eng/radio__Noun__1
written_rep: radio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: radio | radioodbiornik
sense_list:
(countable) A device that can capture (receive) the signal sent over radio waves and render the modulated signal as sound.


lexentry: eng/radio_astronomy__Noun__1
written_rep: radio astronomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radioastronomia
sense_list:
The branch of astronomy which studies celestial bodies and occurrences at radio frequencies by means of radio telescopes.


lexentry: eng/radio_beacon__Noun__1
written_rep: radio beacon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radiolatarnia
sense_list:
(communication, aviation, nautical, navigation) A beacon that emits radio wave signals to guide ships or aircraft or to indicate the position of a ship, aircraft, or other object, person, or vehicle.


lexentry: eng/radio_drama__Noun__1
written_rep: radio drama
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słuchowisko
sense_list:
Dramatized, purely acoustic performance, broadcast on radio or published on audio media, such as tape or CD.


lexentry: eng/radio_silence__Noun__1
written_rep: radio silence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: cisza radiowa
sense_list:
(figurative) A period of time during which nothing is heard from a person or organization, especially when such communication would normally be expected.


lexentry: eng/radio_station__Noun__1
written_rep: radio station
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radiostacja
sense_list:
An installation of a radio transmitter, and possibly a receiver, for the purpose of broadcasting or communication; usually refers to a broadcast station in non-technical usage.


lexentry: eng/radio_telescope__Noun__1
written_rep: radio telescope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radioteleskop
sense_list:
(astronomy) A device for observing astronomical sources of radio waves, normally having one or more large parabolic dishes.


lexentry: eng/radio_wave__Noun__1
written_rep: radio wave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fala radiowa
sense_list:
(physics) electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength between about .5 centimeters and 30,000 meters; used for the broadcasting of radio and television signals.


lexentry: eng/radioactive_dating__Noun__1
written_rep: radioactive dating
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: datowanie izotopowe | datowanie promieniotwórcze | radiochronologia | radiodatowanie
sense_list:
The process of determining the age of a material by estimating the amount of radioactive decay of one or more radioisotopes present in the material when it was formed.


lexentry: eng/radioactivity__Noun__1
written_rep: radioactivity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radioaktywność | promieniotwórczość
sense_list:
Spontaneous emission of ionizing radiation as a consequence of a nuclear reaction, or directly from the breakdown of an unstable nucleus. | The radiation so emitted; including gamma rays, alpha particles, neutrons, electrons, positrons, etc.


lexentry: eng/radiocarbon_dating__Noun__1
written_rep: radiocarbon dating
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: datowanie radiowęglowe
sense_list:
(physics, archaeology, paleontology) A method of estimating the age of an artifact or biological vestige based on the relative amounts of the different isotopes of carbon present in a sample.


lexentry: eng/radiogram__Noun__2
written_rep: radiogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radiogram
sense_list:
(telegraphy, historical) Synonym of radiotelegram (“a message, like a telegram, transmitted by wireless telegraphy”)


lexentry: eng/radiograph__Noun__1
written_rep: radiograph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radiogram
sense_list:
An image, often a photographic negative, produced by radiation other than ordinary light; especially an X-ray photograph.


lexentry: eng/radiology__Noun__1
written_rep: radiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radiologia
sense_list:
(medicine) The specialty of medical imaging and its interpretation, originally and especially radiography#Noun but now including all imaging modalities, including ones that use no radiation#Noun (such as ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging).


lexentry: eng/radiophonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: radiophonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radiofoniczny
sense_list:
Describing sound effects created to accompany radio broadcasts as background music. | (obsolete) Of or pertaining to the radiophone.


lexentry: eng/radish__Noun__1
written_rep: radish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzodkiewka | rzodkiew
sense_list:
A plant of the Brassicaceae family, Raphanus sativus or Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus, having an edible root.


lexentry: eng/radium__Noun__1
written_rep: radium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rad
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Ra) with an atomic number of 88. It is a soft, shiny and silvery radioactive alkaline earth metal.


lexentry: eng/radix__Noun__1
written_rep: radix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: podstawa
sense_list:
(mathematics) The number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers in a particular base, as ten for decimal.


lexentry: eng/radon__Noun__1
written_rep: radon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radon
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Rn, formerly Ro) with atomic number 86. It is an odorless, colorless, chemically inert but radioactive noble gas.


lexentry: eng/raffinose__Noun__1
written_rep: raffinose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rafinoza
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) A trisaccharide, composed of galactose, glucose and fructose, that is widely distributed in many plants.


lexentry: eng/raft__Noun__1
written_rep: raft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tratwa
sense_list:
A flat-bottomed craft able to float and drift on water, used for transport or as a waterborne platform.


lexentry: eng/rafter__Noun__1
written_rep: rafter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krokiew
sense_list:
(architecture) One of a series of sloped beams that extend from the ridge or hip to the downslope perimeter or eave, designed to support the roof deck and its associated loads.


lexentry: eng/rafting__Noun__1
written_rep: rafting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rafting | spływ rzeczny
sense_list:
The sport of guiding a raft while descending a river, especially through rapids known as white water rafting.


lexentry: eng/rag__Noun__1
written_rep: rag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szmata | łachman | ścierka | łach
sense_list:
A piece of old cloth, especially one used for cleaning, patching, etc.; a tattered piece of cloth; a shred or tatter.


lexentry: eng/rag__Noun__1
written_rep: rag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: szmatławiec
sense_list:
(slang, pejorative) A newspaper or magazine, especially one whose journalism is considered to be of poor quality.


lexentry: eng/ragdoll__Noun__1
written_rep: ragdoll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ragdoll
sense_list:
A modern American breed of domestic cat with a longhair colourpoint coat that relaxes completely when picked up.


lexentry: eng/ragman__Noun__1
written_rep: ragman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gałganiarka | gałganiarz | szmaciara | szmaciarka | szmaciarz
sense_list:
A person who collects and sells unwanted household items such as rags and other refuse for a living, a rag and bone man.


lexentry: eng/ragpicker__Noun__1
written_rep: ragpicker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gałganiarka | gałganiarz | szmaciara | szmaciarka | szmaciarz
sense_list:
A person who collects and sells unwanted household items such as rags and other refuse for a living, a rag and bone man (UK) or ragman (US).


lexentry: eng/ragweed__Noun__1
written_rep: ragweed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambrozja
sense_list:
A plant of the genus Ambrosia. These weeds are particularly noted for producing pollen which people with hay fever are allergic to.


lexentry: eng/raid__Noun__1
written_rep: raid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: najazd | najście | nalot
sense_list:
(law enforcement) An attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering.


lexentry: eng/rail_transport__Noun__1
written_rep: rail transport
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kolejnictwo
sense_list:
The transport of passengers and goods by means of wheeled vehicles specially designed to run on railways or railroads.


lexentry: eng/railcar__Noun__1
written_rep: railcar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: autobus szynowy | drezyna spalinowa | szynobus | wagon silnikowy
sense_list:
(rail) A powered single railway vehicle designed for passenger transport, with a driver's cab in both ends; Not to be confused with motor coach/motorcar, which is a powered railway vehicle capable to haul a train.


lexentry: eng/railroad_tie__Noun__1
written_rep: railroad tie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podkład
sense_list:
(rail transport, US) A heavy, preserved piece of hewn timber laid crossways to and supporting the rails of a railroad or a member of similar shape and function of another material such as concrete.


lexentry: eng/railroad_track__Noun__1
written_rep: railroad track
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tory kolejowe
sense_list:
(rail, US) A pair of formed steel rails, separated and supported usually on wooden or concrete ties or sleepers, forming a track along which flange-wheeled railroad vehicles may travel.


lexentry: eng/railway__Noun__1
written_rep: railway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kolej | kolej żelazna
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, Ireland, and, Commonwealth) A transport system using rails used to move passengers or goods.


lexentry: eng/railway__Noun__1
written_rep: railway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kolej | linia kolejowa
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, Ireland, Philippines, and, Commonwealth) A track, consisting of parallel rails, over which wheeled vehicles such as trains may travel.


lexentry: eng/railway_gun__Noun__1
written_rep: railway gun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: działo kolejowe
sense_list:
(military) A massive and heavy mobile artillery gun, built, transported by, and fired from a specially designed rail car.


lexentry: eng/railway_line__Noun__1
written_rep: railway line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: linia kolejowa
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK) A group of railway tracks running parallel, allowing one track to be used for each direction (a double-track railway line), or allowing segregation of fast trains from stopping trains (a four-track railway line).


lexentry: eng/rain__Noun__1
written_rep: rain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: deszcz
sense_list:
(meteorology) Condensed water falling from a cloud. | (figuratively) Any matter moving or falling, usually through air, and especially if liquid or otherwise figuratively identifiable with raindrops. | (figuratively) An instance of particles or larger pieces of matter moving or falling through air.


lexentry: eng/rain_check__Noun__1
written_rep: rain check
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bon
sense_list:
(by extension) In social interactions, a deferred invitation, or deferred acceptance of an invitation.


lexentry: eng/rainbow__Noun__1
written_rep: rainbow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tęcza | dęga | pijawa
sense_list:
A multicoloured arch in the sky, produced by prismatic refraction of light within droplets of rain in the air.


lexentry: eng/rainbow_trout__Noun__1
written_rep: rainbow trout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pstrąg tęczowy
sense_list:
(usually, countable) A trout of the species Oncorhynchus mykiss, that has black spots and a pink streak running along the body.


lexentry: eng/rainwater__Noun__1
written_rep: rainwater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: deszczówka | woda deszczowa
sense_list:
Water (for a house, etc.) sourced from rain which has not joined a spring, stream or river, pond, lake or sea.


lexentry: eng/raise_the_bar__Verb__1
written_rep: raise the bar
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podnieść poprzeczkę | podnosić poprzeczkę
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To raise standards or expectations, especially by creating something to a higher standard.


lexentry: eng/raising__Noun__1
written_rep: raising
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: kolekcja
sense_list:
Collection or gathering, especially of money. | The operation of embossing sheet metal, or of forming it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning.


lexentry: eng/raison_d'état__Noun__1
written_rep: raison d'état
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: racja stanu
sense_list:
A state interest, especially when invoked as politically superior to moral or even legal considerations.


lexentry: eng/raison_d'être__Noun__1
written_rep: raison d'être
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: racja bytu
sense_list:
Reason for being. The claimed reason for the existence of something or someone; the sole or ultimate purpose of something or someone.


lexentry: eng/rake__Noun__1
written_rep: rake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grabie
sense_list:
(agriculture, horticulture) A garden tool with a row of pointed teeth fixed to a long handle, used for collecting debris, grass, etc., for flattening the ground, or for loosening soil; also, a similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by a horse or a tractor.


lexentry: eng/rake__Verb__1
written_rep: rake
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grabić | ostrzeliwać | zgarniać | zgrabić
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, also, figurative) To move (a beam of light, a glance with the eyes, etc.) across (something) with a long side-to-side motion; specifically (often, military) to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion; to spray with gunfire.


lexentry: eng/rakish__Adjective__1
written_rep: rakish
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozwiązły
sense_list:
Dashingly, carelessly, or sportingly unconventional or stylish; jaunty; characterized by a devil-may-care unconventionality; having a somewhat disreputable quality or appearance.


lexentry: eng/rale__Noun__1
written_rep: rale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzężenia
sense_list:
(medicine, now, chiefly, in plural) An abnormal clicking, rattling or crackling sound, made by one or both lungs and heard with a stethoscope, caused by the popping open of airways collapsed by fluid or exudate, or sometimes by pulmonary edema.


lexentry: eng/rally__Noun__1
written_rep: rally
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: manifestacja | wiec
sense_list:
A public gathering or mass meeting that is not mainly a protest and is organized to inspire enthusiasm for a cause.


lexentry: eng/rally__Noun__1
written_rep: rally
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: rajd
sense_list:
(motor racing) An event in which competitors drive through a series of timed special stages at intervals. The winner is the driver who completes all stages with the shortest cumulative time.


lexentry: eng/ram__Verb__1
written_rep: ram
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: staranować | taranować
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To collide with (an object), usually with the intention of damaging it or disabling its function.


lexentry: eng/ramie__Noun__1
written_rep: ramie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczmiel
sense_list:
(usually, countable) A tall, tropical Asian perennial herb, Boehmeria nivea, cultivated for its fibrous stems.


lexentry: eng/ramification__Noun__1
written_rep: ramification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozgałęzienie
sense_list:
(botany, anatomy, also, figurative) A branching-out, the act or result of developing branches; specifically the divergence of the stem and limbs of a plant into smaller ones, or of similar developments in blood vessels, anatomical structures etc. | (mathematics) An arrangement of branches.


lexentry: eng/ramification__Noun__1
written_rep: ramification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: skutek uboczny
sense_list:
(figurative, often, in plural) An offshoot of a decision, fact etc.; a consequence or implication, especially one which complicates a situation.


lexentry: eng/rampant__Adjective__1
written_rep: rampant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: nieograniczony
sense_list:
Unrestrained or unchecked, usually in a negative manner. | Rife, or occurring widely, frequently or menacingly.


lexentry: eng/rampart__Noun__1
written_rep: rampart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szaniec | wał obronny
sense_list:
A defensive mound of earth or a wall with a broad top and usually a stone parapet; a wall-like ridge of earth, stones or debris; an embankment for defensive purpose.


lexentry: eng/ranch__Noun__1
written_rep: ranch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rancho | ranczo
sense_list:
A small farm that cultivates vegetables and/or livestock, especially one in the Southwestern United States.


lexentry: eng/rancor__Noun__1
written_rep: rancor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uraza | żal
sense_list:
(American spelling) A feeling of long-lasting ire for another, sometimes to the point of hatred, over a perceived wrongdoing; bitterness.


lexentry: eng/random__Adjective__1
written_rep: random
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przypadkowy | losowy
sense_list:
(statistics) Involving an outcome which is impossible to predict, but which may be represented by a probability distribution; in the ideal case, involving outcomes which are equally likely.


lexentry: eng/random__Adjective__1
written_rep: random
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: bez związku | od czapy | przeciętny | statystyczny
sense_list:
(informal) Being (part of) a varied, unrelated, and apparently arbitrary collection of things; diverse, heterogeneous.


lexentry: eng/random__Adjective__1
written_rep: random
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: losowy | bez związku | od czapy
sense_list:
(informal) Apropos of nothing; lacking context, relevance, or any connection to the previous situation; unexpected.


lexentry: eng/random__Adjective__1
written_rep: random
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: przeciętny | statystyczny
sense_list:
(informal) Of a person: characterized by or often saying random things; habitually using non sequiturs.


lexentry: eng/random_function__Noun__1
written_rep: random function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: funkcja random
sense_list:
(computing) A function that returns a random or pseudo-random value that is distributed according to a specific probability distribution associated with the function.


lexentry: eng/random_number__Noun__1
written_rep: random number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: liczba losowa
sense_list:
A number selected based on a uniform distribution, typically using a suitable generator (for example, rolling a die).


lexentry: eng/random_variable__Noun__1
written_rep: random variable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zmienna losowa
sense_list:
(statistics, formally) A measurable function from a sample space to the measurable space of possible values of the variable.


lexentry: eng/range__Noun__1
written_rep: range
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kuchenka | piec
sense_list:
A fireplace; a fire or other cooking apparatus; now specifically, a large cooking stove with many hotplates.


lexentry: eng/range_of_motion__Noun__1
written_rep: range of motion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakres ruchu
sense_list:
The distance (linear or angular) that a movable object may normally travel while properly attached to another.


lexentry: eng/rangefinder__Noun__1
written_rep: rangefinder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dalmierz
sense_list:
Any of several designs of optical (or other) instrument that is used to measure the distance to an object


lexentry: eng/rank__Noun__1
written_rep: rank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rząd
sense_list:
(chess) One of the eight horizontal lines of squares on a chessboard (i.e., those identified by a number). | (linear algebra) The maximal number of linearly independent columns (or rows) of a matrix.


lexentry: eng/rank_and_file__Noun__1
written_rep: rank and file
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: załoga
sense_list:
Enlisted soldiers in a military organization, as would be arrayed in a grid pattern with ranks and files.


lexentry: eng/ransom__Noun__1
written_rep: ransom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: okup
sense_list:
(historical, legal, UK) A sum paid for the pardon of some great offence and the discharge of the offender; also, a fine paid in lieu of corporal punishment.


lexentry: eng/ransomware__Noun__1
written_rep: ransomware
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oprogramowanie szantażujące | oprogramowanie wymuszające okup | ransomware
sense_list:
(computer security) Malware that holds the data of a computer user for ransom, usually requiring or claiming to require payment to restore access.


lexentry: eng/rape__Noun__1
written_rep: rape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gwałt
sense_list:
The act of forcing sex upon another person without their consent or against their will; originally coitus forced by a man on a woman, but now generally any sex act forced by any person upon another person; by extension, any non-consensual sex act forced on or perpetrated by any being. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/rape__Verb__1
written_rep: rape
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gwałcić | zgwałcić
sense_list:
(chiefly, transitive) To force sexual intercourse or other sexual activity upon (someone) without their consent. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/rape__Verb__1
written_rep: rape
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: naruszyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To carry (someone, especially a woman) off against their will, especially for sex; to abduct. [from 15th c.] | (transitive) To plunder, to destroy or despoil. [from 17th c.] | (men's, _, slang, sometimes, offensive) To subject (another person) to a painful or unfair experience. | To overpower, destroy (someone); to trounce. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/rape_culture__Noun__1
written_rep: rape culture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kultura gwałtu
sense_list:
A culture, environment or society where rape (a form of sexual assault) is common, and in which social attitudes or practices work to trivialize sexual violence, make rape seem normal, or shift responsibility from rapists to rape victims. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/rapeseed_oil__Noun__1
written_rep: rapeseed oil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: olej rzepakowy
sense_list:
A thick brownish-yellow oil expressed from rapeseed, used chiefly for lubricating and in the manufacture of soap and india rubber.


lexentry: eng/rapid__Noun__1
written_rep: rapid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bystrze | bystrzyna | szypot | progi
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) A rough section of a river or stream which is difficult to navigate due to the swift and turbulent motion of the water.


lexentry: eng/rapier__Noun__1
written_rep: rapier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rapier
sense_list:
A slender, straight, sharply pointed sword (double-edged, single-edged or edgeless), designed predominantly for thrusting; used during the Renaissance period of Europe for civilian duelling


lexentry: eng/rapture__Noun__1
written_rep: rapture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ekstaza
sense_list:
Extreme pleasure, happiness or excitement. | In some forms of fundamentalist Protestant eschatology, the event when Jesus returns and gathers the souls of living and deceased believers. (Usually "the rapture".)


lexentry: eng/rare__Adjective__2
written_rep: rare
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krwisty
sense_list:
(cooking) Particularly of meat, especially beefsteak: cooked very lightly, so the meat is still red.


lexentry: eng/rare_earth_element__Noun__1
written_rep: rare earth element
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: metal ziem rzadkich
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of a group of seventeen soft, lustrous, sometimes magnetic metals that form trivalent salts; they include the lanthanides plus yttrium, scandium, thorium and sometimes zirconium.


lexentry: eng/rash__Noun__1
written_rep: rash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wysypka
sense_list:
(dermatology, symptom) An area of inflamed and irritated skin characterized by reddened spots that may be filled with fluid or pus. Also, preceded by a descriptive word (rare, or, obsolete) , an illness characterized by a type of rash.


lexentry: eng/rasp__Noun__1
written_rep: rasp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tarnik | raszpla
sense_list:
A coarse file, on which the cutting prominences are distinct points raised by the oblique stroke of a sharp punch, instead of lines raised by a chisel, as on the true file.


lexentry: eng/raspberry__Noun__2
written_rep: raspberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prychnięcie
sense_list:
(colloquial) A noise intended to imitate the passing of flatulence, made by blowing air out of the mouth while the tongue is protruding from and pressed against the lips, or by blowing air through the lips while they are pressed firmly together or against skin (often a form of tickling) used humorously or to express derision.


lexentry: eng/raster_graphics__Noun__1
written_rep: raster graphics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bitmapa | grafika bitmapowa | grafika rastrowa
sense_list:
(computing) A data file or structure representing a generally rectangular grid of pixels, or points of colour, on a computer monitor, paper, or other display medium.


lexentry: eng/rat__Verb__1
written_rep: rat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: donosić | kapować | sypać
sense_list:
(intransitive, with on or out) To inform on someone; to betray someone to the police or authorities. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/rat_race__Noun__1
written_rep: rat race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyścig szczurów
sense_list:
(informal) An activity or situation which is congested with participants and which is hectic or tedious, especially in the context of a busy, modern urban lifestyle.


lexentry: eng/ratatouille__Noun__1
written_rep: ratatouille
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ratatuj
sense_list:
A traditional French Provençal stewed vegetable dish consisting primarily of tomatoes, zucchini and eggplant.


lexentry: eng/rather__Adverb__1
written_rep: rather
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: raczej
sense_list:
Used to specify a choice or preference; preferably, in preference to. (Now usually followed by than) [from 9th c.] | (conjunctive) Used to introduce a contradiction; on the contrary. [from 14th c.] | (conjunctive) Introducing a qualification or clarification; more precisely. (Now usually preceded by or.) [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/rating__Noun__1
written_rep: rating
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: patent
sense_list:
An evaluation of status, especially of financial status. | A quantitative measure of the audience of a television program.


lexentry: eng/rational__Adjective__1
written_rep: rational
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: racjonalny | wymierny
sense_list:
(mathematics, arithmetic, number theory, not comparable) Of a number, capable of being expressed as the ratio of two integers.


lexentry: eng/rational__Adjective__1
written_rep: rational
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: racjonalny
sense_list:
(mathematics, arithmetic, not comparable) Of an algebraic expression, capable of being expressed as the ratio of two polynomials.


lexentry: eng/rationalism__Noun__1
written_rep: rationalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: racjonalizm
sense_list:
(philosophy) The theory that the reason is a source of knowledge independent of and superior to sense perception.


lexentry: eng/ratite__Noun__1
written_rep: ratite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezgrzebieniowiec
sense_list:
A bird of the order of Struthioniformes, a diverse group of large running, flightless birds, mostly extinct, but including the cassowary, elephant bird, emu, kiwi, moa, ostrich, rhea and tinamou


lexentry: eng/ratline__Noun__1
written_rep: ratline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wyblinka
sense_list:
(nautical) Any of the cross ropes between the shrouds, which form a net-like ropework, allowing sailors to climb up towards the top of the mast. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/rattail__Noun__1
written_rep: rattail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mysi ogonek
sense_list:
A hairstyle characterized by a long lock of tail-like hair dangling from the back of the head; the dangling lock itself.


lexentry: eng/rattan__Noun__1
written_rep: rattan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rotang
sense_list:
Any of several species of climbing palm of the genus Calamus. | (by extension) A cane made from this material.


lexentry: eng/rattle__Noun__1
written_rep: rattle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grzechotka
sense_list:
A baby’s toy designed to make sound when shaken, usually containing loose grains or pellets in a hollow container. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/rattle__Noun__1
written_rep: rattle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grzechotka | charczenie | rzężenie
sense_list:
(zoology) The set of rings at the end of a rattlesnake's tail which produce a rattling sound. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/rattle__Noun__1
written_rep: rattle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: charczenie | rzężenie
sense_list:
(onomatopoeia) A rapid succession of percussive sounds, as made by loose objects shaking or vibrating against one another. [from 16th c.] | A rough noise produced in the throat by air passing through obstructed airways; croup; a death rattle. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/rattlesnake__Noun__1
written_rep: rattlesnake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grzechotnik
sense_list:
Any of various venomous American snakes, of genera Crotalus and Sistrurus, having a rattle at the end of its tail.


lexentry: eng/rave__Noun__1
written_rep: rave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: burak
sense_list:
An all-night dance party with electronic dance music (techno, trance, drum and bass etc.) in small unknown clubs.


lexentry: eng/ravelin__Noun__1
written_rep: ravelin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rawelin
sense_list:
An outwork. A fortification outside a castle used to split an attacking force; composed of two faces, forming a salient angle whose gorge resembles a half-moon


lexentry: eng/raven__Noun__1
written_rep: raven
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kruk
sense_list:
(countable) Any of several, generally large and lustrous black species of birds in the genus Corvus, especially the common raven, Corvus corax.


lexentry: eng/ravish__Verb__1
written_rep: ravish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oczarować
sense_list:
(archaic, or, literary) To seize and carry away by violence; to snatch by force. | (transitive, usually, passive) To transport with joy or delight; to delight to ecstasy.


lexentry: eng/raw__Adjective__1
written_rep: raw
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: surowy
sense_list:
(cooking) (of food) Not cooked. [from 9th c.] | Not treated or processed; in a natural state, unrefined, unprocessed. [from 10th c.] (of materials, products, etc.) | Crude in quality; rough, uneven, unsophisticated. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/raw_material__Noun__1
written_rep: raw material
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: surowiec
sense_list:
A material in its unprocessed, natural state considered usable for manufacture. | (figuratively) Any physical product serving as input to a factory or other installation which processes it.


lexentry: eng/rax__Verb__1
written_rep: rax
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dawać
sense_list:
(UK, dialectal, Northern England, Scotland, transitive) To extend the hand to; hand or pass something.


lexentry: eng/ray__Noun__1
written_rep: ray
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: promień
sense_list:
(botany) A radiating part of a flower or plant; the marginal florets of a compound flower, such as an aster or a sunflower; one of the pedicels of an umbel or other circular flower cluster; radius.


lexentry: eng/razor__Noun__1
written_rep: razor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brzytwa
sense_list:
A keen-edged knife of peculiar shape, used in shaving the hair from the face or other parts of the body. | Any tool or instrument designed for shaving.


lexentry: eng/razor_clam__Noun__1
written_rep: razor clam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okładniczka
sense_list:
A clam of several species in superfamily Solenoidea, with long curved shells resembling straight razors.


lexentry: eng/razor_wire__Noun__1
written_rep: razor wire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drut ostrzowy
sense_list:
A form of securing wire similar to barbed wire, but with a series of short blades instead of barbs. Also, a length thereof.


lexentry: eng/re-Polonizing__Adjective__1
written_rep: re-Polonizing
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: repolonizacyjny
sense_list:
That restore or restores to a Polish or more Polish character (however conceived); that Polonize or Polonizes; Polonizing again.


lexentry: eng/reach__Noun__1
written_rep: reach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rozciągnięcie | sięgnięcie
sense_list:
The power of stretching out or extending action, influence, or the like; power of attainment or management; extent of force or capacity.


lexentry: eng/reach__Verb__1
written_rep: reach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: docierać | dosięgać | dosięgnąć | dotrzeć
sense_list:
(transitive) To give to someone by stretching out a limb, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to another person; to hand over.


lexentry: eng/reach__Verb__1
written_rep: reach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: sięgać | sięgnąć | docierać | dosięgać | dosięgnąć | dotrzeć
sense_list:
(transitive, by extension) To extend an action, effort, or influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut.


lexentry: eng/reach_out__Verb__1
written_rep: reach out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: nawiązać kontakt | nawiązywać kontakt | odezwać się | odzywać się
sense_list:
(intransitive, originally, business, followed by to) To attempt to initiate communication with someone; to contact.


lexentry: eng/react__Verb__1
written_rep: react
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: reagować | zareagować
sense_list:
(physics, intransitive) To return an impulse or impression; to resist the action of another body by an opposite force | (chemistry, intransitive) To act upon each other; to exercise a reciprocal or a reverse effect, as two or more chemical agents; to act in opposition. | (chemistry, transitive) To cause chemical agents to react; to cause one chemical agent to react with another.


lexentry: eng/reactance__Noun__1
written_rep: reactance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reaktancja
sense_list:
(physics, electrics) The opposition to the change in flow of current in an alternating current circuit, due to inductance and capacitance; the imaginary part of the impedance. Symbol: X.


lexentry: eng/reactant__Noun__1
written_rep: reactant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reagent
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of the participants present at the start of a chemical reaction, specifically one that is consumed during the reaction.


lexentry: eng/reaction__Noun__1
written_rep: reaction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reakcja
sense_list:
An action or statement in response to a stimulus or other event. | (chemistry) A transformation in which one or more substances is converted into another by combination or decomposition.


lexentry: eng/reactionary__Adjective__1
written_rep: reactionary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reakcjonistyczny | reakcyjny
sense_list:
(politics) Opposing revolution (such as the French Revolution); favoring a return to a golden age of the past.


lexentry: eng/reactionary__Noun__1
written_rep: reactionary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reakcjonista
sense_list:
(politics) One who opposes revolution, wanting to reverse it, favoring a return to a past golden age. Often used as a derogatory by revolutionaires.


lexentry: eng/reactor__Noun__1
written_rep: reactor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: reaktor
sense_list:
(chemistry, engineering) A structure used to contain chemical or other reactions. | (nuclear physics) A device which uses atomic energy to produce heat.


lexentry: eng/reactor__Noun__1
written_rep: reactor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: reagent
sense_list:
(chemistry) A chemical substance which responds to the presence of, or contact with, another substance.


lexentry: eng/read-only_memory__Noun__1
written_rep: read-only memory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pamięć tylko do odczytu
sense_list:
(computing) A computer memory chip that stores values but does not allow updates, in which the values are nonvolatile in that they are retained even when the computer is unpowered.


lexentry: eng/read__Verb__1
written_rep: read
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czytać | przeczytać
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To look at and interpret letters or other information that is written. | (transitive) To interpret, or infer a meaning, significance, thought, intention, etc., from.


lexentry: eng/read__Verb__1
written_rep: read
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: czytać | odczytać | odczytywać
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To speak aloud words or other information that is written. (often construed with a to phrase or an indirect object)


lexentry: eng/read__Verb__1
written_rep: read
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: czytać | studiować
sense_list:
(transitive, often, jocular) To substitute (a corrected piece of text in place of an erroneous one); used to introduce an emendation of a text.


lexentry: eng/reading__Noun__1
written_rep: reading
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: czytanie
sense_list:
An event at which written material is read aloud. | (politics, law) One of several stages a bill passes through before becoming law.


lexentry: eng/reading_glasses__Noun__1
written_rep: reading glasses
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okulary do czytania
sense_list:
Any type of spectacles intended chiefly to deal with the effects of presbyopia by magnifying details such as fine text.


lexentry: eng/reading_material__Noun__1
written_rep: reading material
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lektura
sense_list:
Anything produced for the purpose of being read; a collective term for books, magazines, newspapers, etc.


lexentry: eng/ready_meal__Noun__1
written_rep: ready meal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gotowe danie | gotowy posiłek
sense_list:
A prepackaged, fresh or frozen meal that only requires heating (often in a microwave) before being served, sometimes in its own packaging.


lexentry: eng/reagent__Noun__1
written_rep: reagent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reagent | odczynnik
sense_list:
(chemistry) A compound or mixture of compounds used to treat or test materials, samples, other compounds or reactants in a laboratory or sometimes an industrial setting.


lexentry: eng/real-time__Adjective__1
written_rep: real-time
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: w czasie rzeczywistym
sense_list:
(computing) Of a system: that responds to events or signals within a predictable time after their occurrence; specifically the response time must be within the maximum allowed, but is typically synchronous.


lexentry: eng/real-valued__Adjective__1
written_rep: real-valued
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: o wartościach rzeczywistych
sense_list:
(analysis, of a function) Having only real values: having as its codomain the set of real numbers or a subset thereof.


lexentry: eng/real__Adjective__1
written_rep: real
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: realny
sense_list:
That has objective, physical existence. | (economics) Having been adjusted to remove the effects of inflation; measured in purchasing power (contrast nominal). | (economics) Relating to the result of the actions of rational agents; relating to neoclassical economic models as opposed to Keynesian models. | (mathematics, of a number) Being either a rational number, or the limit of a convergent infinite sequence of rational numbers: being one of a set of numbers with a one-to-one correspondence to the points on a line.


lexentry: eng/real_estate__Noun__1
written_rep: real estate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieruchomość
sense_list:
(US, Canada, Australia) Property that cannot easily be moved, usually buildings and the ground they are built on.


lexentry: eng/real_life__Noun__1
written_rep: real life
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: real | życie
sense_list:
Life outside of a contrived or fantastical environment; often used in comparison to events depicted in drama.


lexentry: eng/real_number__Noun__1
written_rep: real number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczba rzeczywista
sense_list:
(mathematics) The limit of a convergent sequence of rational numbers, whether the limit is a rational number such as 2, -5, or 2/7 or whether the limit is an irrational number such as the square root of two or the circumference of the circle whose radius is one.


lexentry: eng/real_socialism__Noun__1
written_rep: real socialism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: realny socjalizm
sense_list:
pragmatic socialism, practical socialism, a form of socialism which attempts to reach tangible goals perceived to be feasible instead of primarily focusing on adherence to Marxist-Leninist theory.


lexentry: eng/real_world__Noun__1
written_rep: real world
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: real
sense_list:
The realm of human experience comprising physical objects, and excluding theoretical constructs, hypotheses, artificial environments, and "virtual" worlds such as the Internet, computer simulations, or the imagination.


lexentry: eng/realgar__Noun__1
written_rep: realgar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: realgar
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral, arsenic sulfide (AsS), often associated with orpiment and stibnite in lead, silver and gold ores.


lexentry: eng/realia__Noun__1
written_rep: realia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: realia
sense_list:
Objects from real life or from the real world, as opposed to theoretical constructs or fabricated examples.


lexentry: eng/realist__Noun__1
written_rep: realist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autentysta | realista
sense_list:
(philosophy) An advocate of realism; one who believes that matter, objects etc. have real existence beyond our perception of them.


lexentry: eng/realist__Noun__1
written_rep: realist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: realista
sense_list:
One who believes in seeing things the way they really are, as opposed to how they would like them to be.


lexentry: eng/reality__Noun__1
written_rep: reality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rzeczywistość
sense_list:
A real entity, event, or other fact. | An individual observer's own subjective perception of that which is real.


lexentry: eng/reality_television__Noun__1
written_rep: reality television
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reality show
sense_list:
(television) A genre of television programming portraying one or more people who are not professional actors and depicting their reactions to given stimuli or goals.


lexentry: eng/realize__Verb__1
written_rep: realize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: realizować
sense_list:
To convert (an asset or property, especially investments such as bonds, shares, etc.) into a more easily usable form such as money, especially by selling the asset or property.


lexentry: eng/realize__Verb__1
written_rep: realize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: realizować | urzeczywistniać | zrealizować | tworzyć | urzeczywistnić | ziszczać
sense_list:
(chiefly, passive voice, slightly, _, formal) To convert (something imaginary or planned, as a goal or idea) into reality; to bring into real existence, to make real. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/realize__Verb__1
written_rep: realize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zdać sobie sprawę | spostrzec | uświadomić sobie | zdawać sobie sprawę
sense_list:
To become aware of or understand (a fact or situation, especially something which has been true for some time). | To become aware of or understand a fact or situation.


lexentry: eng/really__Interjection__1
written_rep: really
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czyżby | doprawdy | naprawdę
sense_list:
(informal) Indicating surprise at, or requesting confirmation of, some new information; to express skepticism.


lexentry: eng/realtor__Noun__1
written_rep: realtor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agentka nieruchomości
sense_list:
(North America) A person or business that sells or leases out real estate, acting as an agent for the property owner.


lexentry: eng/reap_what_one_sows__Verb__1
written_rep: reap what one sows
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nawarzyłeś piwa, to musisz je teraz wypić
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To receive as a return or reward in the same measure as one's exertions or intentions, in a good or a bad sense; to receive justice or one's just deserts.


lexentry: eng/rear__Verb__1
written_rep: rear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: stanąć dęba
sense_list:
(intransitive) To rise up on the hind legs | (transitive, literary) To raise physically or metaphorically; to lift up; to cause to rise, to elevate.


lexentry: eng/rearguard__Noun__1
written_rep: rearguard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ariergarda | straż tylna
sense_list:
(military) The rearmost part of a force, especially a detachment of troops that protect the rear of a retreating force.


lexentry: eng/rearm__Verb__1
written_rep: rearm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przezbrajać | przezbroić | remilitaryzować
sense_list:
To replace or restore the weapons or arms of a previously defeated, or disarmed army, country, person or other body.


lexentry: eng/reason__Noun__1
written_rep: reason
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powód | racja
sense_list:
An excuse: a thought or a consideration offered in support of a determination or an opinion; that which is offered or accepted as an explanation.


lexentry: eng/reason__Noun__1
written_rep: reason
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rozum
sense_list:
(uncountable) Rational thinking (or the capacity for it); the cognitive faculties, collectively, of conception, judgment, deduction and intuition.


lexentry: eng/reason__Verb__1
written_rep: reason
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przekonać | przekonywać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To perform a process of deduction or of induction, in order to convince or to confute; to argue.


lexentry: eng/reasoning__Noun__1
written_rep: reasoning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dowodzenie | argumentacja
sense_list:
(uncountable) The deduction of inferences or interpretations from premises, abstract thought, ratiocination; (countable) any instance of this, especially as a process leading to an action, motive.


lexentry: eng/reboot__Verb__1
written_rep: reboot
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uruchomić ponownie
sense_list:
(computing, ambitransitive) To execute a computer's boot process, effectively resetting the computer and causing the operating system to reload, possibly after a system failure.


lexentry: eng/rebus__Noun__1
written_rep: rebus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rebus
sense_list:
An arrangement of pictures, symbols, and/or words representing phrases or words, especially as a word puzzle.


lexentry: eng/recant__Verb__1
written_rep: recant
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cofać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To withdraw or repudiate a statement or opinion formerly expressed, especially formally and publicly.


lexentry: eng/recapitulation__Noun__1
written_rep: recapitulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: streszczenie
sense_list:
(theology) The symmetry provided by Christ's life to the teachings of the Old Testament; the summation of human experience in Jesus Christ.


lexentry: eng/receive__Verb__1
written_rep: receive
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dostać | otrzymać
sense_list:
To take, as something that is offered, given, committed, sent, paid, etc.; to accept; to be given something.


lexentry: eng/receive__Verb__1
written_rep: receive
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dostać
sense_list:
To act as a host for guests; to give admittance to; to permit to enter, as into one's house, presence, company, etc. | (telecommunications) To detect a signal from a transmitter. | (sports) To be in a position to take possession, or hit back the ball.


lexentry: eng/receiver__Noun__1
written_rep: receiver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: odbiornik
sense_list:
Any of several electronic devices that receive electromagnetic waves, or signals transmitted as such. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/receiver__Noun__1
written_rep: receiver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: słuchawka
sense_list:
The part of a telephone handset contained in the earpiece; (hence) the handset itself; an earpiece. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/receivership__Noun__1
written_rep: receivership
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zarząd syndyka
sense_list:
(legal, business) A form trusteeship of bankruptcy administration in which a receiver is appointed to run the company for the benefit of the creditors.


lexentry: eng/receptacle__Noun__1
written_rep: receptacle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dno kwiatowe
sense_list:
(botany) The part of the flower stalk (peduncle or pedicel) to which the floral parts are attached; a thalamus, a torus.


lexentry: eng/receptionist__Noun__1
written_rep: receptionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: recepcjonista | recepcjonistka
sense_list:
An employee (such as a secretary) who works in reception (receiving visitors and/or calls) for a person or business, especially an office.


lexentry: eng/receptor__Noun__1
written_rep: receptor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: receptor
sense_list:
(biochemistry, medicine) A protein on a cell wall that binds with specific molecules so that they can be absorbed into the cell in order to control certain functions. | (biology) Any specialized cell or structure that responds to sensory stimuli.


lexentry: eng/recess__Noun__1
written_rep: recess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zakamarek
sense_list:
(figuratively, usually, in the plural) An obscure, remote, or secret situation. | (countable) An act of retiring or withdrawing from public life, society, etc.; also, an act of living in retirement or seclusion, or a period of such retirement or seclusion.


lexentry: eng/recession__Noun__1
written_rep: recession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: recesja
sense_list:
The act or an instance of receding or withdrawing. | (economics) A period of reduced economic activity


lexentry: eng/reciprocal__Adjective__1
written_rep: reciprocal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wzajemny | obopólny | obustronny
sense_list:
Of a feeling, action or such: mutual, uniformly felt or done by each party towards the other or others; two-way.


lexentry: eng/reciprocal__Noun__1
written_rep: reciprocal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odwrotność
sense_list:
(arithmetic) The number obtained by dividing 1 by another given number; the result of exchanging the numerator and the denominator of a fraction.


lexentry: eng/reciprocate__Verb__1
written_rep: reciprocate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: odpowiadać
sense_list:
(transitive) To give something else in response (where the "thing" may also be abstract, a feeling or action) To make a reciprocal gift. | (intransitive) To counter, retort or retaliate.


lexentry: eng/reciprocity__Noun__1
written_rep: reciprocity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: wzajemność
sense_list:
(grammar) A reciprocal construction involves two noun phrases where each of the participants occupies both the role of agent and patient with respect to the other. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocal pronoun.


lexentry: eng/recital__Noun__1
written_rep: recital
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: motyw
sense_list:
(legal) A formal, preliminary statement in a deed or writing in order to explain the reasons on which the transaction is founded, prior to a positive allegation.


lexentry: eng/recitative__Noun__1
written_rep: recitative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: recytatyw
sense_list:
(music) dialogue, in an opera etc, that, rather than being sung as an aria, is reproduced with the rhythms of normal speech, often with simple musical accompaniment or harpsichord continuo, serving to expound the plot.


lexentry: eng/recite__Verb__1
written_rep: recite
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: recytować | wyrecytować
sense_list:
(transitive) To repeat aloud (some passage, poem or other text previously memorized, or in front of one's eyes), often before an audience. | (transitive) To list or enumerate something.


lexentry: eng/reckon__Verb__1
written_rep: reckon
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: liczyć
sense_list:
To count as in a number, rank, or series; to estimate by rank or quality; to place by estimation; to account; to esteem; to repute.


lexentry: eng/reckon__Verb__1
written_rep: reckon
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: czytać
sense_list:
To charge, attribute, or adjudge to one, as having a certain quality or value. | To reckon with something or somebody or not, i.e to reckon without something or somebody: to take into account, deal with, consider or not, i.e. to misjudge, ignore, not take into account, not deal with, not consider or fail to consider; e.g. reckon without one's host


lexentry: eng/reckon__Verb__1
written_rep: reckon
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: uważać
sense_list:
(colloquial) To conclude, as by an enumeration and balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an objective clause


lexentry: eng/recluse__Noun__1
written_rep: recluse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anachoreta
sense_list:
A person who lives in self-imposed isolation or seclusion from the world, especially for religious purposes; a hermit


lexentry: eng/recognition__Noun__1
written_rep: recognition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akceptacja
sense_list:
Acceptance as valid or true. | Official acceptance of the status of a new government by that of another country. | Honour, favourable note, or attention.


lexentry: eng/recognizance__Noun__1
written_rep: recognizance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: posesja
sense_list:
(legal) A form of bail; a promise made by the accused to the court that they will attend all required judicial proceedings and will not engage in further illegal activity or other prohibited conduct as set by the court.


lexentry: eng/recognize__Verb__1
written_rep: recognize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozpoznać | poznać | rozpoznawać
sense_list:
(transitive) To match (something or someone which one currently perceives) to a memory of some previous encounter with the same person or thing.


lexentry: eng/recognize__Verb__1
written_rep: recognize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: uznawać | uznać
sense_list:
(transitive) To acknowledge the existence or legality of; to treat as valid or worthy of consideration.


lexentry: eng/recoil__Noun__1
written_rep: recoil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: odrzut
sense_list:
(firearms) The energy transmitted back to the shooter from a firearm which has fired. Recoil is a function of the weight of the weapon, the weight of the projectile, and the speed at which it leaves the muzzle.


lexentry: eng/recommend__Verb__1
written_rep: recommend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: polecać | polecić
sense_list:
(transitive) To bestow commendation on; to represent favourably; to suggest, endorse or encourage as an appropriate choice. | (transitive, archaic) To commit, confide to another's care, confidence or acceptance, with favoring representations


lexentry: eng/reconcile__Verb__1
written_rep: reconcile
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wyrównać | wyrównywać
sense_list:
(accounting, transitive) To make the net difference in credits and debits of a financial account agree with the balance.


lexentry: eng/reconciliation__Noun__1
written_rep: reconciliation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rekoncyliacja
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) Short for sacrament of reconciliation (“a sacrament (sacred ritual) also called confession, involving contrition by a person, confessing sins to a priest, penance performed by the person, and absolution granted by the priest”).


lexentry: eng/reconnoiter__Verb__1
written_rep: reconnoiter
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: badać teren | przeprowadzać rekonesans
sense_list:
(American spelling, transitive, intransitive, military) To perform a reconnaissance (of an area; an enemy position); to scout with the aim of acquiring information.


lexentry: eng/reconstruction__Noun__1
written_rep: reconstruction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: odtworzenie | rekonstrukcja
sense_list:
The act of restoring something to an earlier state. | A result of an attempt to understand in detail how a certain result or event occurred.


lexentry: eng/record-breaking__Adjective__1
written_rep: record-breaking
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rekordowy
sense_list:
Of an achievement or observation, exceeding the highest previously recorded level in that activity or category.


lexentry: eng/record__Noun__1
written_rep: record
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapis
sense_list:
An item of information put into a temporary or permanent physical medium. | Any instance of a physical medium on which information was put for the purpose of preserving it and making it available for future reference.


lexentry: eng/record__Noun__1
written_rep: record
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: płyta | analog | płyta gramofonowa
sense_list:
Ellipsis of phonograph record: a disc, usually made from vinyl, on which sound is recorded and may be replayed on a phonograph.


lexentry: eng/record__Noun__1
written_rep: record
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: rekord
sense_list:
(computing) A set of data relating to a single individual or item. | The most extreme known value of some variable, particularly that of an achievement in competitive events.


lexentry: eng/record__Verb__1
written_rep: record
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nagrać | nagrywać
sense_list:
(transitive) To make an audio or video recording of. | (intransitive) To make an audio, video, or multimedia recording.


lexentry: eng/record_label__Noun__1
written_rep: record label
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wytwórnia płytowa | label | wytwórnia
sense_list:
The round sticker in the centre of a phonograph record that contains the record company's logo and information about the recording.


lexentry: eng/recorder__Noun__2
written_rep: recorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: flet prosty
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A musical instrument of the woodwind family; a type of fipple flute, a simple internal duct flute.


lexentry: eng/recording__Noun__1
written_rep: recording
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nagranie
sense_list:
The act of storing sound, video, etc., in a permanent medium. | A reproduction of sound, video, etc., stored in a permanent medium.


lexentry: eng/recover__Verb__1
written_rep: recover
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: wyzdrowieć | zdrowieć
sense_list:
(intransitive, followed by "from" to show what caused the bad feeling) To get better, to regain health or prosperity.


lexentry: eng/recreational_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: recreational vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kamper
sense_list:
(North America) A self-propelled vehicle (motor home), or trailer designed for use as living quarters on overnight recreational activities and travel.


lexentry: eng/recruit__Verb__1
written_rep: recruit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: werbować | rekrutować | zrekrutować | zwerbować
sense_list:
To enroll or enlist new members or potential employees on behalf of an employer, organization, sports team, the military, etc.


lexentry: eng/recruitment__Noun__1
written_rep: recruitment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rekrutacja | werbunek
sense_list:
The process or art of finding candidates for a post in an organization, or recruits for the armed forces.


lexentry: eng/rectified_spirit__Noun__1
written_rep: rectified spirit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spirytus
sense_list:
An alcoholic spirit that has been purified to or close to the maximum concentration obtainable by using conventional distillation processes, i.e. about 96% by volume.


lexentry: eng/rectify__Verb__1
written_rep: rectify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: poprawiać | poprawić
sense_list:
(transitive) To restore (someone or something) to its proper condition; to straighten out, to set right. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/rectitude__Noun__1
written_rep: rectitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prawość
sense_list:
(now, _, rare) The fact or quality of being right or correct; correctness of opinion or judgement. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/rector__Noun__1
written_rep: rector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: proboszcz
sense_list:
In the Anglican Church, a cleric in charge of a parish and who owns the tithes of it. | (Eastern Orthodoxy, uncommon) A priest or bishop in the Orthodox Church who is in charge of a parish or in an administrative leadership position in a theological seminary or academy.


lexentry: eng/rectum__Noun__1
written_rep: rectum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odbytnica
sense_list:
(anatomy) The terminal part of the large intestine through which feces pass after exiting the colon, but before leaving the body through the anus or cloaca.


lexentry: eng/recumbent__Noun__1
written_rep: recumbent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rower poziomy
sense_list:
(archaeology) A large rectangular monolith lying on its side, typically flanked by two large upright stones, the flankers; found in recumbent stone circles of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, and the counties of Cork and Kerry in south-west of Ireland.


lexentry: eng/recuperate__Verb__1
written_rep: recuperate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyzdrowieć | zdrowieć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To recover, especially from an illness; to get better from an illness or from exhaustion (or sometimes from a financial loss, etc).


lexentry: eng/recurrence__Noun__1
written_rep: recurrence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nawrót
sense_list:
Return or reversion to a certain state. | The instance of recurring; frequent occurrence. | A return of symptoms as part of the natural progress of a disease.


lexentry: eng/recursive__Adjective__1
written_rep: recursive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rekurencyjny
sense_list:
(mathematics, not comparable) of an expression, each term of which is determined by applying a formula to preceding terms | (computing, not comparable) of a program or function that calls itself | (computing theory, not comparable, of a function) which can be computed by a theoretical model of a computer, in a finite amount of time


lexentry: eng/recursively_enumerable__Adjective__1
written_rep: recursively enumerable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rekurencyjnie przeliczalny
sense_list:
(computing theory) Of a set, such that there exists a deterministic algorithm which will list all the items in the set and no others.


lexentry: eng/recuse__Verb__1
written_rep: recuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: od
sense_list:
(reflexive, law) Of a judge, juror, or prosecutor: to declare (oneself) unable to participate in a court case due to an actual or potential conflict of interest or lack of impartiality.


lexentry: eng/recycle_bin__Noun__1
written_rep: recycle bin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kosz
sense_list:
(computing) In Microsoft Windows, a storage location for deleted files, from which they can be retrieved or permanently deleted.


lexentry: eng/red-backed_shrike__Noun__1
written_rep: red-backed shrike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gąsiorek
sense_list:
A medium-sized bird (Lanius collurio) of the shrike family that breeds in most of Europe and western Asia and winters in tropical Africa, eating large insects, small birds, voles, and lizards.


lexentry: eng/red-breasted_goose__Noun__1
written_rep: red-breasted goose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bernikla rdzawoszyja
sense_list:
Branta ruficollis, a species of goose from Eurasia, with a large rust-colored area on its breast and throat.


lexentry: eng/red-eared_slider__Noun__1
written_rep: red-eared slider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żółw czerwonolicy
sense_list:
The turtle subspecies Trachemys scripta elegans, quite popular as a pet. Although native to the southern United States, it has become common in many areas of the world.


lexentry: eng/red-eye__Noun__1
written_rep: red-eye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: czerwone oczy | efekt czerwonych oczu
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, photography) Redness in the eye(s) of someone in a colour photograph, as an unwanted consequence of light from a flash reflecting off blood vessels in the retina. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/red-necked_grebe__Noun__1
written_rep: red-necked grebe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perkoz rdzawoszyi
sense_list:
Podiceps grisegena a migratory aquatic bird found in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/red-tailed_shrike__Noun__1
written_rep: red-tailed shrike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzierzba rdzawosterna
sense_list:
Lanius phoenicuroides, a member of the shrike family (Laniidae). It was formerly considered conspecific with the isabelline shrike and the red-backed shrike.


lexentry: eng/red-throated_diver__Noun__1
written_rep: red-throated diver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nur rdzawoszyi
sense_list:
Gavia stellata, the smallest member of the loon or diver family, breeding in northern Eurasia and Arctic Canada, with grey head, red throat, white underparts and dark mantle.


lexentry: eng/red__Adjective__1
written_rep: red
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: czerwony | czerwień
sense_list:
(of a, dog, or, its coat) Having a brown color. | Left-wing parties and movements, chiefly socialist or communist, including the U.K. Labour party and the Social Democratic Party of Germany.


lexentry: eng/red__Noun__1
written_rep: red
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czerwień | czerwony
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) The colour of the setting sun; the colour which is evoked by the longest visible wavelengths (between about 625–740 nm), and a primary additive colour.


lexentry: eng/red__Noun__1
written_rep: red
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: czerwony
sense_list:
(countable) A revolutionary socialist or (most commonly) a Communist; (usually capitalized) a Bolshevik, a supporter of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War.


lexentry: eng/red_bandfish__Noun__1
written_rep: red bandfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wstęgówka
sense_list:
A species of bandfish found in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean from Senegal to Norway, Cepola macrophthalma (syn. Cepola rubescens).


lexentry: eng/red_blood_cell__Noun__1
written_rep: red blood cell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: erytrocyt | czerwona krwinka
sense_list:
(hematology, cytology) A type of cell in the blood of vertebrates that contains hemoglobin and transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues; an erythrocyte.


lexentry: eng/red_cabbage__Noun__1
written_rep: red cabbage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czerwona kapusta
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A form of cabbage having red leaves, Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra .


lexentry: eng/red_card__Noun__1
written_rep: red card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czerwona kartka
sense_list:
(sports) A card displayed by the referee when a player is sent off for a serious infringement of the rules.


lexentry: eng/red_crossbill__Noun__1
written_rep: red crossbill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krzyżodziób świerkowy
sense_list:
Loxia curvirostra, a small passerine bird in the finch family, widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/red_fox__Noun__1
written_rep: red fox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lis rudy
sense_list:
(countable) A common species of fox, Vulpes vulpes native to North America, Asia, Europe and North Africa; small, with reddish fur, but larger than the arctic fox.


lexentry: eng/red_giant__Noun__1
written_rep: red giant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czerwony olbrzym
sense_list:
(star) A large red coloured star with a lower surface temperature than many stars, being at the final stage of moderately massive main-sequence stars.


lexentry: eng/red_grouse__Noun__1
written_rep: red grouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pardwa szkocka
sense_list:
A medium-sized bird, Lagopus lagopus scotica, of the grouse family, found in heather moorland in Great Britain and Ireland.


lexentry: eng/red_herring__Noun__1
written_rep: red herring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: fałszywy trop | podpucha
sense_list:
(figuratively) A clue, information, argument, etc. that is or is intended to be misleading, diverting attention from the real answer or issue.


lexentry: eng/red_panda__Noun__1
written_rep: red panda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panda mała | panda | panda czerwona | panda mniejsza | panda ruda | pandka ruda
sense_list:
An omnivorous mammal, Ailurus fulgens, native to the Himalayas and eastern Asia, which has dark red fur and a ringed tail.


lexentry: eng/red_pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: red pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papryka
sense_list:
A red-colored, ripe, bell or sweet pepper. Unripe peppers of this variety are green and edible but not as sweet.


lexentry: eng/red_phosphorus__Noun__1
written_rep: red phosphorus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fosfor czerwony
sense_list:
(chemistry) A stable allotrope of phosphorus, used in the manufacture of safety matches, pesticides, etc.


lexentry: eng/redact__Verb__1
written_rep: redact
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: redagować | zredagować
sense_list:
To reduce to form, as literary matter; to digest and put in shape (matter for publication); to edit. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/redeem__Verb__1
written_rep: redeem
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odkupić | odkupywać
sense_list:
(transitive) To recover ownership of something by buying it back. | (transitive) To liberate by payment of a ransom. | (transitive) To save from a state of sin (and from its consequences).


lexentry: eng/redirect__Verb__1
written_rep: redirect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przekazać
sense_list:
(computing, transitive) To substitute an address or pointer to a new location. | (computing) To send to a new location by substituting an address or pointer.


lexentry: eng/redneck__Noun__1
written_rep: redneck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: burak
sense_list:
(slang, usually, pejorative, offensive, ethnic slur) A poor, rural, usually white, person from the Southern United States or parts of the Midwest and Northeast, especially one whose beliefs are seen as unsophisticated and backward; sometimes with additional connotations of being bigoted.


lexentry: eng/redound__Verb__1
written_rep: redound
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prowadzić
sense_list:
(obsolete, intransitive) To swell up (of water, waves etc.); to overflow, to surge (of bodily fluids). [14th–19th c.]


lexentry: eng/redound__Verb__1
written_rep: redound
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: doganiać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To attach, come back, accrue to someone; to reflect back on or upon someone (of honour, shame etc.). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/redox__Noun__1
written_rep: redox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reakcja redoks
sense_list:
(rare) (chemistry) A reaction in which an oxidation and a reduction occur simultaneously; a reaction in which electrons are transferred.


lexentry: eng/redpoll__Noun__1
written_rep: redpoll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czeczotka
sense_list:
Any of various finches in the genus Acanthis (syn. Carduelis), which have characteristic red markings on their heads.


lexentry: eng/redress__Noun__1
written_rep: redress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rekompensata
sense_list:
A setting right, as of injury, oppression, or wrong, such as the redress of grievances; hence, indemnification; relief; remedy; reparation.


lexentry: eng/redshift__Noun__1
written_rep: redshift
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przesunięcie ku czerwieni
sense_list:
(physics) A change in the wavelength of light, in which the wavelength is longer than when it was emitted at the source.


lexentry: eng/redstart__Noun__1
written_rep: redstart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pleszka
sense_list:
Any of various insectivorous ground-feeding birds, mainly of the genus Phoenicurus. Many of the species have a red tail.


lexentry: eng/reduce__Verb__1
written_rep: reduce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zmniejszać | obniżać | obniżyć | zmniejszyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring down the size, quantity, quality, value or intensity of something; to diminish, to lower.


lexentry: eng/reduction__Noun__1
written_rep: reduction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: redukcja
sense_list:
The act, process, or result of reducing. | The amount or rate by which something is reduced, e.g. in price. | (chemistry) A reaction in which electrons are gained and valence is reduced; often by the removal of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen. | (cooking) The process of rapidly boiling a sauce to concentrate it. | (mathematics) The rewriting of an expression into a simpler form. | (computability theory) A transformation of one problem into another problem, such as mapping reduction or polynomial-time reduction. | (medicine) A medical procedure to restore a fracture or dislocation to the correct alignment, usually with a closed approach but sometimes with an open approach (surgery).


lexentry: eng/redundancy__Noun__1
written_rep: redundancy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozwlekłość
sense_list:
The state of being redundant | Duplication of components or circuits to provide survival of the total system in case of failure of single components. | Duplication of parts of a message to guard against transmission errors.


lexentry: eng/redwing__Noun__1
written_rep: redwing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: droździk
sense_list:
A small thrush, Turdus iliacus, native to Eurasia, with a white eye stripe and red under-wing feathers.


lexentry: eng/reed__Noun__1
written_rep: reed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trzcina
sense_list:
(countable) Any of various types of tall stiff perennial grass-like plants growing together in groups near water. | (countable) The hollow stem of these plants.


lexentry: eng/reed__Noun__1
written_rep: reed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: stroik
sense_list:
(countable, music) Part of the mouthpiece of certain woodwind instruments, comprising a thin piece of wood or metal which shakes very quickly to produce sound when a musician blows over it.


lexentry: eng/reed__Noun__1
written_rep: reed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: instrument drewniany
sense_list:
(countable, music) A musical instrument such as the clarinet or oboe, which produces sound when a musician blows on the reed.


lexentry: eng/reed_bunting__Noun__1
written_rep: reed bunting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: potrzos
sense_list:
A passerine bird, Emberiza schoeniclus, sparrow-sized but slim and with a long, deeply notched tail.


lexentry: eng/reed_switch__Noun__1
written_rep: reed switch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kontaktron
sense_list:
An electrical switch operated by an applied magnetic field that causes two flexible metal reeds to come into contact.


lexentry: eng/reed_warbler__Noun__1
written_rep: reed warbler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trzcinniczek
sense_list:
A species of warbler, Acrocephalus scirpaceus, family Acrocephalidae, native to Eurasia and Africa. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/reef__Verb__1
written_rep: reef
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: refować
sense_list:
(nautical) To take in part of a sail in order to adapt the size of the sail to the force of the wind.


lexentry: eng/reenter__Verb__1
written_rep: reenter
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wracać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To enter again; return into. | (transitive, computing) To enter again; retype, reinput.


lexentry: eng/reference__Noun__1
written_rep: reference
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: referencja
sense_list:
(computing) An object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere, as opposed to containing the data itself.


lexentry: eng/reference_work__Noun__1
written_rep: reference work
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: informator | poradnik | vademecum
sense_list:
A compendium of information which is not generally intended to be read from beginning to end but rather consulted on a spot basis, and is compiled for ease of reference; especially, a reference book, whether in print, digital, or both.


lexentry: eng/referendum__Noun__1
written_rep: referendum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: referendum
sense_list:
(politics) A direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment. (The adposition on is usually used before the related subject of the vote.)


lexentry: eng/referent__Noun__1
written_rep: referent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: desygnat
sense_list:
(semantics) The specific entity in the world that a word or phrase identifies or denotes: what it refers to.


lexentry: eng/referral__Noun__1
written_rep: referral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skierowanie
sense_list:
The act or process of transferring someone or something to another, of sending by reference, or referring.


lexentry: eng/reflect__Verb__1
written_rep: reflect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odbijać | odbić
sense_list:
(transitive) To bend back (light, etc.) from a surface. | (transitive) To mirror, or show the image of something.


lexentry: eng/reflection__Noun__1
written_rep: reflection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odbicie
sense_list:
The act of reflecting or the state of being reflected. | Something, such as an image, that is reflected.


lexentry: eng/reflector__Noun__1
written_rep: reflector
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: odblask
sense_list:
A small, often red, reflecting disk on the rear of a vehicle or bicycle that reflects the headlights of other vehicles.


lexentry: eng/reflexive__Adjective__1
written_rep: reflexive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwrotny
sense_list:
(grammar) Referring back to the subject, or having an object equal to the subject. | (mathematics) Of a relation R on a set S, such that xRx for all members x of S (that is, the relation holds between any element of the set and itself).


lexentry: eng/reflux__Noun__1
written_rep: reflux
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpływ
sense_list:
The backwards flow of any fluid. | (chemistry) A technique, using a reflux condenser, allowing one to boil the contents of a vessel over an extended period.


lexentry: eng/reform__Noun__1
written_rep: reform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reforma
sense_list:
The change of something that is defective, broken, inefficient or otherwise negative, in order to correct or improve it


lexentry: eng/reform__Verb__1
written_rep: reform
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reformować | zreformować
sense_list:
(transitive) To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to better.


lexentry: eng/reformed__Adjective__1
written_rep: reformed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reformowany
sense_list:
Corrected; amended; restored to purity or excellence; said, specifically, of the whole body of Protestant churches originating in the Reformation, or, in a more restricted sense, of those who separated from Martin Luther on the doctrine of consubstantiation, etc., and carried the Reformation, as they claimed, to a higher point.


lexentry: eng/refoulement__Noun__1
written_rep: refoulement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: deportacja
sense_list:
(international law, uncountable) The sending of a refugee involuntarily to a geographic region where they will likely experience substantial harm; (countable) an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/refract__Verb__1
written_rep: refract
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zrywać
sense_list:
(transitive, optics) To cause (light) to change direction as a result of entering a different medium.


lexentry: eng/refraction__Noun__1
written_rep: refraction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: refrakcja
sense_list:
(physics) The turning or bending of any wave, such as a light or sound wave, when it passes from one medium into another of different optical density.


lexentry: eng/refrain__Verb__1
written_rep: refrain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: powstrzymać | powstrzymać się | powstrzymywać | powstrzymywać się
sense_list:
(intransitive, with preposition "from") To stop oneself from some action or interference; to abstain; to eschew [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/refresh__Verb__1
written_rep: refresh
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: odświeżać
sense_list:
(computing, ambitransitive) To reload (a document, especially a webpage) and show any new changes. | (computing, ambitransitive) To cause (a web browser or similar software) to refresh its display.


lexentry: eng/refrigerant__Noun__1
written_rep: refrigerant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: napój bezalkoholowy
sense_list:
A substance used in a heat cycle that undergoes a phase change between gas and liquid to allow the cooling, as in refrigerators, air conditioners, etc.


lexentry: eng/refrigerator__Noun__1
written_rep: refrigerator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lodówka | chłodziarka
sense_list:
A household or commercial appliance used for keeping food fresh by refrigeration (short form fridge).


lexentry: eng/refuge_island__Noun__1
written_rep: refuge island
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azyl
sense_list:
A raised platform or other protective barrier in the middle of a street crossing, allowing pedestrians to pause safely in the middle of the road.


lexentry: eng/refugee__Noun__1
written_rep: refugee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uchodźca | uchodźczyni
sense_list:
A person seeking refuge in a foreign country out of fear of political persecution or the prospect of such persecution in their home country, i.e., a person seeking political asylum. | A person seeking refuge due to a natural disaster, war, etc.


lexentry: eng/refugium__Noun__1
written_rep: refugium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostoja
sense_list:
Any local environment that has escaped regional ecological change and therefore provides a habitat for endangered species.


lexentry: eng/refurbish__Verb__1
written_rep: refurbish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odnawiać | odświeżać
sense_list:
(transitive) To rebuild or replenish with all new material; to restore to original (or better) working order and appearance.


lexentry: eng/regal__Noun__1
written_rep: regal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: regał
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A small, portable organ whose sound is produced by brass beating reeds without amplifying resonators. Its tone is keen and rich in harmonics. The regal was common in the 16th and 17th centuries, and has been revived for the performance of music from those times.


lexentry: eng/regalia__Noun__1
written_rep: regalia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: regalia
sense_list:
Royal rights, prerogatives and privileges actually enjoyed by any sovereign, regardless of his title (emperor, grand duke etc.). | The emblems, symbols, or paraphernalia indicative of royalty or any other sovereign status; such as a crown, orb, sceptre or sword.


lexentry: eng/regency__Noun__1
written_rep: regency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: regencja
sense_list:
A system of government that substitutes for the reign of a king or queen when that king or queen becomes unable to rule.


lexentry: eng/regent__Noun__1
written_rep: regent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: regent | regentka
sense_list:
One who rules in place of the monarch, especially because the monarch is too young, absent, or disabled. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/reggae__Noun__1
written_rep: reggae
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reggae
sense_list:
(Rastafari, music genre) A music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s and is heavily associated with Rastafarianism, featuring a heavy bass line and percussive rhythm guitar on the offbeat, often with close vocal harmonies.


lexentry: eng/regime__Noun__1
written_rep: regime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: reżim | reżym | ustrój
sense_list:
A form of government, or the government in power, particularly an authoritarian or totalitarian one.


lexentry: eng/regime_change__Noun__1
written_rep: regime change
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: transformacja ustrojowa
sense_list:
(politics) The overthrow of a government that is considered an illegitimate regime by means of external force (especially military might), and its replacement with a new government according to the concept of political legitimacy promoted by that force.


lexentry: eng/regimen__Noun__1
written_rep: regimen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dieta
sense_list:
(medicine) Any regulation or remedy which is intended to produce beneficial effects by gradual operation. | (grammar) Object.


lexentry: eng/regiment__Noun__1
written_rep: regiment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pułk | regiment
sense_list:
(military) A unit of armed troops under the command of an officer, and consisting of several smaller units; now specifically, usually composed of two or more battalions. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/region__Noun__1
written_rep: region
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: region | okolica | obszar | rejon
sense_list:
Any considerable and connected part of a space or surface; specifically, a tract of land or sea of considerable but indefinite extent; a country; a district; in a broad sense, a place without special reference to location or extent but viewed as an entity for geographical, social or cultural reasons.


lexentry: eng/regionalism__Noun__1
written_rep: regionalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: regionalizm
sense_list:
(politics) The belief that most or nearly all political power should be decentralized to regional governments. | (countable, linguistics) A word or phrase originating in, characteristic of, or limited to a region.


lexentry: eng/register__Noun__1
written_rep: register
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rejestr
sense_list:
A book of such entries. | A certificate issued by the collector of customs of a port or district to the owner of a vessel, containing the description of a vessel, its name, ownership, and other material facts. It is kept on board the vessel, to be used as evidence of nationality or as a muniment of title. | (computing) A small unit of very fast memory that is directly accessible to the central processing unit, and is mostly used to store inputs, outputs, or intermediate results of computations.


lexentry: eng/register_office__Noun__1
written_rep: register office
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: urząd stanu cywilnego
sense_list:
(UK, Irish) The local office in which births, marriages and deaths are registered, and in which civil marriages are conducted and recorded.


lexentry: eng/registered__Adjective__1
written_rep: registered
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: certyfikat
sense_list:
(mail service) Having a mailed item recorded in a register to enable its location to be tracked, sometimes with added insurance to cover loss.


lexentry: eng/registered_nurse__Noun__1
written_rep: registered nurse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pielęgniarka
sense_list:
A professional nurse who is a licensed graduate of a university or college of nursing who has successfully passed an examination such as NCLEX-RN.


lexentry: eng/registry__Noun__1
written_rep: registry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: rejestr
sense_list:
(countable, computing) A database of configuration settings etc. maintained by the Microsoft Windows operating system.


lexentry: eng/regolith__Noun__1
written_rep: regolith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: regolit
sense_list:
(geology) The layer of loose rock, dust, sand, and soil, resting on the bedrock, that constitutes the surface layer of most dry land on Earth, the Moon, and other large solid aggregated celestial objects. Submarine regolith also exists.


lexentry: eng/regret__Noun__1
written_rep: regret
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żal
sense_list:
Emotional pain on account of something done or experienced in the past, with a wish that it had been different; a looking back with dissatisfaction or with longing. | (decision theory) The amount of avoidable loss that results from choosing the wrong action.


lexentry: eng/regret__Verb__1
written_rep: regret
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żałować
sense_list:
To feel sorry about (a thing that has or has not happened), afterthink: to wish that a thing had not happened, that something else had happened instead.


lexentry: eng/regular__Adjective__1
written_rep: regular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: regularny
sense_list:
Having a constant pattern; showing evenness of form or appearance. [from 15th c.] | Happening at constant (especially short) intervals. [from 17th c.] | (grammar, of a verb, plural, etc) Following a set or common pattern; according to the normal rules of a given language. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/regular__Adjective__1
written_rep: regular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: foremny
sense_list:
(geometry, of a polygon) Both equilateral and equiangular; having all sides of the same length, and all (corresponding) angles of the same size [from 16th c.] | (geometry, of a polyhedron) Whose faces are all congruent regular polygons, equally inclined to each other.


lexentry: eng/regular_expression__Noun__1
written_rep: regular expression
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyrażenie regularne
sense_list:
(comptheory) A concise description of a regular formal language with notations for concatenation, alternation, and iteration (repetition) of subexpressions.


lexentry: eng/regular_polygon__Noun__1
written_rep: regular polygon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wielokąt foremny
sense_list:
(geometry) A polygon which is both equiangular and equilateral (i.e. having all sides the same length and all interior angles the same).


lexentry: eng/regulation__Noun__1
written_rep: regulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przepis
sense_list:
(countable) A law or administrative rule, issued by an organization, used to guide or prescribe the conduct of members of that organization.


lexentry: eng/regulation__Noun__1
written_rep: regulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: rozporządzenie
sense_list:
(European Union law) A form of legislative act which is self-effecting, and requires no further intervention by the Member States to become law.


lexentry: eng/regulator__Noun__1
written_rep: regulator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: regulator
sense_list:
A device that controls or limits something. | A person or group that sets standards of practice, especially those established by law.


lexentry: eng/rehabilitate__Verb__1
written_rep: rehabilitate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rehabilitować | zrehabilitować
sense_list:
(transitive) To restore (someone) to their former state, reputation, possessions, status etc. [from 16th c.] | (transitive) To vindicate; to restore the reputation or image of (a person, concept etc.). [from 18th c.] | (transitive, medicine) To return (someone) to good health after illness, addiction, etc. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/rehearsal__Noun__1
written_rep: rehearsal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: próba
sense_list:
The practising of something which is to be performed before an audience, usually to test or improve the interaction between several participating people, or to allow technical adjustments with respect to staging to be done.


lexentry: eng/reheat__Verb__1
written_rep: reheat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grzać
sense_list:
(transitive) To heat something after it has cooled off, especially previously cooked food (also in figurative senses).


lexentry: eng/reincarnate__Verb__1
written_rep: reincarnate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wskrzesić | wskrzeszać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To be, or cause to be, reborn, especially in a different body or as a different species.


lexentry: eng/reindeer__Noun__1
written_rep: reindeer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: renifer | karibu
sense_list:
(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.


lexentry: eng/reinforce__Verb__1
written_rep: reinforce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: postrobić
sense_list:
(transitive) To strengthen, especially by addition or augmentation. | (transitive) To emphasize or review.


lexentry: eng/reinforcement__Noun__1
written_rep: reinforcement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wsparcie | wzmocnienie
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act, process, or state of reinforcing or being reinforced. | (countable) A thing that reinforces.


lexentry: eng/reinsurance__Noun__1
written_rep: reinsurance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reasekuracja
sense_list:
(business, insurance) Insurance purchased by insurance companies that spreads the risk associated with selling insurance around so the danger of one large monetary loss is minimized.


lexentry: eng/reinvent_the_wheel__Verb__1
written_rep: reinvent the wheel
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na nowo odkryć koło | wynajdywać koło na nowo
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To do work unnecessarily when it has already been done satisfactorily by others; to attempt to devise a solution to a problem when a solution already exists.


lexentry: eng/reism__Noun__1
written_rep: reism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reizm
sense_list:
(philosophy) A form of concretism stating that (i) every object is a body and (ii) no object is a state or relation, or property.


lexentry: eng/reiterate__Verb__1
written_rep: reiterate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powtarzać | powtórzyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To say or do (something) for a second time, such as for emphasis. | (transitive) To say or do (something) repeatedly.


lexentry: eng/rejoice__Verb__1
written_rep: rejoice
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cieszyć | radować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be very happy, be delighted, exult; to feel joy. [from 14th c.] | (transitive) To make happy, exhilarate. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/relation__Noun__1
written_rep: relation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: relacja
sense_list:
(databases) A set of ordered tuples retrievable by a relational database; a table. | (mathematics) A statement of equality of two products of generators, used in the presentation of a group.


lexentry: eng/relational_database__Noun__1
written_rep: relational database
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: relacyjna baza danych
sense_list:
(databases) A database consisting of separate tables, having explicitly defined relationships, and whose elements may be selectively combined as the results of queries.


lexentry: eng/relative_clause__Noun__1
written_rep: relative clause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zdanie względne
sense_list:
(grammar) A subordinate clause that modifies or gives further information about a noun or sometimes whole statement; in English, may be introduced by a relative pronoun (sometimes optional) such as that, which or who.


lexentry: eng/relative_pitch__Noun__1
written_rep: relative pitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słuch relatywny
sense_list:
(music, uncountable) The ability to identify or create a given note by comparing it with a reference note and discerning the interval between those two notes.


lexentry: eng/relative_pronoun__Noun__1
written_rep: relative pronoun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaimek względny
sense_list:
(grammar) A pronoun that introduces a relative clause and refers to an antecedent. In English, some words that can be used as interrogative pronouns can alternatively be used as relative pronouns: which, who, whose, whom and (non-standard) what. The other English relative pronouns are whoever, whomever, whatever, and that.


lexentry: eng/relatively__Adverb__1
written_rep: relatively
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stosunkowo | odnośnie
sense_list:
In a relative manner; with reference to environment or competition; contextually or comparatively. | (sometimes, proscribed) Somewhat; fairly.


lexentry: eng/relativism__Noun__1
written_rep: relativism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: relatywizm
sense_list:
(uncountable, philosophy) The theory, especially in ethics or aesthetics, that conceptions of truth and moral values are not absolute but are relative to the persons or groups holding them.


lexentry: eng/relativity__Noun__1
written_rep: relativity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: względność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being relative to something else; the absence of universally applicable rules or standards; relativism; (countable) an instance of this. | (uncountable, physics) Short for principle of relativity (“the principle that the laws of physics should be the same for all observers”).


lexentry: eng/relaxation__Noun__1
written_rep: relaxation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: relaksacja | relaks
sense_list:
The act of relaxing or the state of being relaxed; the opposite of stress or tension; the aim of recreation and leisure activities.


lexentry: eng/relay__Noun__1
written_rep: relay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: sztafeta
sense_list:
(athletics) A track and field discipline where runners take turns in carrying a baton from start to finish. The most common events are 4×100 meter and 4×400 meter competitions. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/relay__Noun__1
written_rep: relay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: przekaźnik
sense_list:
(electronics) An electrical actuator that allows a relatively small electrical voltage or current to control a larger voltage or current. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/relay_race__Noun__1
written_rep: relay race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bieg rozstawny | sztafeta
sense_list:
(sports) A sports contest where the members of a team take turns e.g. swimming, running or skiing parts of a circuit.


lexentry: eng/release__Noun__1
written_rep: release
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyzwolenie
sense_list:
The event of setting (someone or something) free (e.g. hostages, slaves, prisoners, caged animals, hooked or stuck mechanisms).


lexentry: eng/release__Noun__1
written_rep: release
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wersja | wydanie
sense_list:
(software) The distribution, either public or private, of an initial or new and upgraded version of a computer software product.


lexentry: eng/relegation_zone__Noun__1
written_rep: relegation zone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piwnica
sense_list:
(sports) The bottom part of e.g. a sports table, listing how well teams have played over a period of time. All teams that end up in the relegation zone are relegated.


lexentry: eng/relent__Verb__1
written_rep: relent
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ustępować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To give in or be swayed; to become less hard, harsh, or cruel; to show clemency. | (dated, intransitive, of substance) To become less rigid or hard; to soften; to yield, for example by dissolving or melting


lexentry: eng/relict__Noun__1
written_rep: relict
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: relikt
sense_list:
(formal) Something that, or someone who, survives or remains or is left over after the loss of others; a relic.


lexentry: eng/relief__Noun__1
written_rep: relief
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wyręka
sense_list:
Release from a post or duty, as when replaced by another. | The person who takes over a shift for another.


lexentry: eng/relief__Noun__2
written_rep: relief
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: relief
sense_list:
(uncountable) A method of sculpture or other artwork in which shapes or figures protrude from a flat background. | (heraldry) The supposed projection of a charge from the surface of a field, indicated by shading on the sinister and lower sides.


lexentry: eng/relieve__Verb__1
written_rep: relieve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ulżyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To ease (a person, person's thoughts etc.) from mental distress; to stop (someone) feeling anxious or worried, to alleviate the distress of. [from 14th c.] | (transitive) To alleviate (pain, distress, mental discomfort etc.). [from 14th c.] | (transitive) To provide comfort or assistance to (someone in need, especially in poverty). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/relieve__Verb__1
written_rep: relieve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: odciążać | odciążyć | ulżyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To ease (someone, a part of the body etc.) or give relief from physical pain or discomfort. [from 14th c.] | (legal) To free (someone) from debt or legal obligations; to give legal relief to. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/religion__Noun__1
written_rep: religion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: religia
sense_list:
(uncountable) Belief in a spiritual or metaphysical reality (often including at least one deity), accompanied by practices or rituals pertaining to the belief.


lexentry: eng/religious__Noun__1
written_rep: religious
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakonnica | zakonnik
sense_list:
A member of a religious order or congregation, i.e. a monk, nun, sister, brother, friar, or religious priest.


lexentry: eng/religious_order__Noun__1
written_rep: religious order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakon
sense_list:
(religion) An organized community of people who live in some way set apart from society in accordance with their specific religious devotion, usually characterized by the principles of the founder's religious practice.


lexentry: eng/remain__Verb__1
written_rep: remain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pozostawać | pozostać
sense_list:
To continue unchanged in place, form, or condition, or undiminished in quantity; to abide; to stay; to endure; to last.


lexentry: eng/remainder__Noun__1
written_rep: remainder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: reszta
sense_list:
(mathematics) The amount left over after subtracting the divisor as many times as possible from the dividend without producing a negative result. If n (dividend) and d (divisor) are integers, then n can always be expressed in the form n = dq + r, where q (quotient) and r (remainder) are also integers and 0 ≤ r &#60; d.


lexentry: eng/remark__Verb__1
written_rep: remark
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zauważyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To pay heed to; notice; to take notice of, to perceive. [from 16th c.] | (transitive, with clause as object) To express in words or writing; to state, as an observation. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/remembrance__Noun__1
written_rep: remembrance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pamięć
sense_list:
The act of remembering; a holding in mind, or bringing to mind; recollection. | The state of being remembered, or held in mind; memory, recollection. | Something remembered; a person or thing kept in memory. | That which serves to keep in or bring to mind; a memento, a memorial, a souvenir, a token; a memorandum or note of something to be remembered. | The power of remembering; the reach of personal knowledge; the period over which one's memory extends.


lexentry: eng/remind__Verb__1
written_rep: remind
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przypominać | przypomnieć
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause one to experience a memory (of someone or something); to bring to the notice or consideration (of a person).


lexentry: eng/reminisce__Verb__1
written_rep: reminisce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powspominać | wspominać | wspomnieć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To recall the past in a private moment, often fondly or nostalgically. | (intransitive) To talk or write about memories of the past, especially pleasant memories.


lexentry: eng/remiss__Adjective__1
written_rep: remiss
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: luźny
sense_list:
Not energetic or exact in duty or business; careless; tardy; slack; hence, lacking earnestness or activity; languid; slow.


lexentry: eng/remission__Noun__1
written_rep: remission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: remisja
sense_list:
(medicine) An abatement or lessening of the manifestations of a disease; a period where the symptoms of a disease are absent.


lexentry: eng/remit__Verb__1
written_rep: remit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: wymiotować
sense_list:
(transitive) To allow (something) to slacken, to relax (one's attention etc.). | (transitive, obsolete) To refer (someone to something), direct someone's attention to something.


lexentry: eng/remnant__Noun__1
written_rep: remnant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostatek
sense_list:
The small portion remaining of a larger thing or group. | An unsold end of piece goods, as cloth, ribbons, carpets, etc.


lexentry: eng/remonstrate__Verb__1
written_rep: remonstrate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: protestować | zaprotestować
sense_list:
(transitive, often with an object consisting of direct speech or a clause beginning with that) To state or plead as an objection, formal protest, or expression of disapproval. | To point out; to show clearly; to make plain or manifest; hence, to prove; to demonstrate.


lexentry: eng/remora__Noun__1
written_rep: remora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podnawka | remora | ssacz | tarczygłów | trzymonaw | trzymonawka
sense_list:
Any of various elongate fish from the family Echeneidae, the dorsal fin of which is in the form of a suction disc that can take a firm hold against the skin of larger marine animals. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/remote_control__Noun__1
written_rep: remote control
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pilot
sense_list:
(countable) A device used to operate an appliance (such as a television, vehicle, or mechanical toy) from a short distance away.


lexentry: eng/removal__Noun__1
written_rep: removal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: zwolnienie
sense_list:
(Ireland) An evening funeral ritual in which the coffin holding the deceased is brought, usually from a funeral home, to the church where the funeral mass will be celebrated the following day. Prayers are said before and after the journey, after which mourners are typically received at the home of the deceased.


lexentry: eng/renal_corpuscle__Noun__1
written_rep: renal corpuscle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciałko nerkowe
sense_list:
(anatomy) the blood-filtering structure at the beginning of a vertebrate nephron, consisting of a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule.


lexentry: eng/rendering__Noun__1
written_rep: rendering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: renderowanie
sense_list:
(computer graphics) The process of producing an image from an internal model, or the image thus produced.


lexentry: eng/rendition__Noun__1
written_rep: rendition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interpretacja
sense_list:
An interpretation or performance of an artwork, especially a musical score or musical work. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/renew__Verb__1
written_rep: renew
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odnawiać
sense_list:
(transitive) To make (something) new again; to restore to freshness or original condition. [from 14thc.]


lexentry: eng/renewable__Adjective__1
written_rep: renewable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odnawialny
sense_list:
Able to be renewed; capable of renewal. | (of a resource) Sustainable; able to be regrown or renewed; having an ongoing or continuous source of supply.


lexentry: eng/renewable_energy__Noun__1
written_rep: renewable energy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: energia odnawialna
sense_list:
Energy that is collected from renewable resources, such as wind, water, or the sun, usually and especially as applied to a category of electrical generation.


lexentry: eng/rennet__Noun__1
written_rep: rennet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podpuszczka | klag
sense_list:
An enzyme used as the first step in making cheese, to curdle the milk and coagulate the casein in it, derived by soaking the fourth stomach of a milk-fed calf in brine.


lexentry: eng/renounce__Verb__1
written_rep: renounce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porzucać
sense_list:
(transitive) To give up, resign, surrender. | (transitive) To abandon, forsake, discontinue (an action, habit, intention, etc), sometimes by open declaration.


lexentry: eng/renounce__Verb__1
written_rep: renounce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: rezygnować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a renunciation of something. | (intransitive) To surrender formally some right or trust.


lexentry: eng/rent-seeking__Noun__1
written_rep: rent-seeking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pogoń za rentą
sense_list:
(economics) The attempt to profit by manipulating the economic or political environment, for example, by seeking governmental action that restricts entry into a market.


lexentry: eng/rent__Noun__1
written_rep: rent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czynsz
sense_list:
A payment made by a tenant at intervals in order to lease a property. | A similar payment for the use of a product, equipment or a service.


lexentry: eng/rent__Verb__1
written_rep: rent
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wynajmować | wynająć
sense_list:
(transitive) To take a lease of premises in exchange for rent. | (transitive, informal) To grant a lease in return for rent.


lexentry: eng/rent__Verb__1
written_rep: rent
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wypożyczać | wypożyczyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To obtain or have temporary possession of an object (e.g. a movie) in exchange for money.


lexentry: eng/rentier__Noun__1
written_rep: rentier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rentier | rentierka
sense_list:
An individual who receives an income, usually interest, rent, dividends, capital gains, or profits from his or her assets and investments.


lexentry: eng/reparation__Noun__1
written_rep: reparation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odszkodowanie
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) A payment of time, effort or money to compensate for past transgression(s).


lexentry: eng/repartee__Noun__1
written_rep: repartee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pocisk | replika | riposta
sense_list:
A swift, witty reply, especially one that is amusing. | A conversation marked by a series of witty retorts.


lexentry: eng/repatriate__Noun__1
written_rep: repatriate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: repatriant | repatriantka
sense_list:
A person who has returned to their country of origin or whose original citizenship has been restored.


lexentry: eng/repatriate__Verb__1
written_rep: repatriate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: repatriować
sense_list:
(transitive) To restore (a person) to their own country. | (transitive) To return or restore (artworks, museum exhibits, etc.) to their country of origin.


lexentry: eng/repeal__Verb__1
written_rep: repeal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znosić
sense_list:
(transitive) To cancel, invalidate, annul. | To recall; to summon (a person) again; to bring (a person) back from exile or banishment. | To suppress; to repel.


lexentry: eng/repechage__Noun__1
written_rep: repechage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: repasaż | repesaż
sense_list:
(sports) A heat (as in rowing or fencing) in which the best competitors who have lost in a previous round compete for a place or places yet left in the next round.


lexentry: eng/repel__Verb__1
written_rep: repel
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: odpychać
sense_list:
(transitive, physics) To force away by means of a repulsive force. [from 17th c.] | (transitive) To cause repulsion or dislike in; to disgust. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/repent__Verb__1
written_rep: repent
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kajać się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To feel pain, sorrow, or regret for what one has done or omitted to do; the cause for repenting may be indicated with "of".


lexentry: eng/repent__Verb__1
written_rep: repent
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: skrucha
sense_list:
(theology, intransitive) To be sorry for sin as morally evil, and to seek forgiveness; to cease to practice sin and to love.


lexentry: eng/repertoire__Noun__1
written_rep: repertoire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: repertuar
sense_list:
A list of dramas, operas, pieces, parts, etc., which a company or a person has rehearsed and is prepared to perform or display.


lexentry: eng/repetition__Noun__1
written_rep: repetition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: powtórka | repetycja
sense_list:
(weightlifting) : The act of performing a single, controlled exercise motion. A group of repetitions is a set.


lexentry: eng/repetitive_strain_injury__Noun__1
written_rep: repetitive strain injury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: RSI
sense_list:
(pathology) injury to muscles and tendons caused by continuous repetitive use of particular muscle groups, especially in one's arms and hands, for example by using a keyboard and/or mouse, playing a musical instrument or working on an assembly line


lexentry: eng/reply__Verb__1
written_rep: reply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpowiadać | odpowiedzieć
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To give a written or spoken response, especially to a question, request, accusation or criticism; to answer.


lexentry: eng/report__Noun__1
written_rep: report
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: raport | sprawozdanie
sense_list:
A piece of information describing, or an account of certain events given or presented to someone, with the most common adpositions being by (referring to creator of the report) and on (referring to the subject).


lexentry: eng/report__Verb__1
written_rep: report
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: raportować | sprawozdawać | sprawozdać | zaraportować
sense_list:
(formal, transitive) To notify someone of (particular intelligence, suspicions, illegality, misconduct etc.); to make notification to relevant authorities; to submit a formal report of. [from 15th c.] | (intransitive) To be accountable to or subordinate to (someone) in a hierarchy; to receive orders from (someone); to give official updates to (someone who is above oneself in a hierarchy).


lexentry: eng/report_card__Noun__1
written_rep: report card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: świadectwo szkolne
sense_list:
(education) A document, on cardboard or plain paper, stating which grades a student earned, at the end of a term of regular period.


lexentry: eng/reported_speech__Noun__1
written_rep: reported speech
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mowa pośrednia | mowa zależna
sense_list:
(grammar, narratology) A form of speech used to express what another has said, often involving a change in tense.


lexentry: eng/repose__Noun__1
written_rep: repose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spoczynek | wypoczynek
sense_list:
(uncountable) Temporary cessation from activity to rest and recover, especially in the form of sleep; rest; (countable) an instance of this; a break, a rest; a sleep.


lexentry: eng/repository__Noun__1
written_rep: repository
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: repozytorium
sense_list:
(computing) a storage location for files, such as downloadable software packages, or files in a source control system.


lexentry: eng/represent__Verb__1
written_rep: represent
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reprezentować
sense_list:
(transitive) To present again or anew; to present by means of something standing in the place of; to exhibit the counterpart or image of; to typify. | (transitive) To stand or act in the place of; to perform the duties, exercise the rights, or otherwise act on behalf of | (intransitive, AAVE) To constitute a good example or symbol of a group of people; to acquit oneself well.


lexentry: eng/representative__Noun__1
written_rep: representative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reprezentant | przedstawiciel | przedstawicielka | reprezentantka
sense_list:
One who speaks for or acts on behalf of another in a particular (especially official) capacity. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/representative_democracy__Noun__1
written_rep: representative democracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: demokracja pośrednia
sense_list:
(politics) A policy under the rule of people acting on the behalf of and, to a lesser extent, in the interests of the voting blocks by which they were elected.


lexentry: eng/repression__Noun__1
written_rep: repression
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: represja
sense_list:
The act of repressing; state of being repressed. | (psychology) The involuntary rejection from consciousness of painful or disagreeable ideas, memories, feelings, or impulses.


lexentry: eng/reprieve__Noun__1
written_rep: reprieve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ułaskawienie
sense_list:
The cancellation or postponement of a punishment. | A cancellation or postponement of a proposed event undesired by many.


lexentry: eng/reprint__Noun__1
written_rep: reprint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dodruk | przedruk
sense_list:
A book, pamphlet or other printed matter that has been published once before but is now being released again.


lexentry: eng/reprise__Noun__1
written_rep: reprise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: repryza
sense_list:
(music) A repetition of a phrase, a return to an earlier theme, or a second rendition or version of a song in a programme or musical.


lexentry: eng/reproductive_system__Noun__1
written_rep: reproductive system
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: układ rozrodczy
sense_list:
(anatomy) The system of organs within an organism which work together for the purpose of reproduction.


lexentry: eng/reprove__Verb__1
written_rep: reprove
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ganić
sense_list:
(intransitive) To express disapproval. [from 14th c.] | (transitive) To criticise, rebuke or reprimand (someone), usually in a gentle and kind tone. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/reptile__Noun__1
written_rep: reptile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gad
sense_list:
(strictly) A cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia; an amniote that is neither a synapsid nor a bird; excludes amphibians. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/republic__Noun__1
written_rep: republic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: republika | rzeczpospolita
sense_list:
A state where sovereignty rests with the people or their representatives, rather than with a monarch or emperor; a country with no monarchy. | (archaic) A state, which may or may not be a monarchy, in which the executive and legislative branches of government are separate. | One of the subdivisions constituting Russia. See oblast.


lexentry: eng/republican__Adjective__1
written_rep: republican
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: republikański
sense_list:
Advocating or supporting a republic as a form of government, advocating or supporting republicanism. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/republicanism__Noun__1
written_rep: republicanism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: republikanizm
sense_list:
The political ideology of being a citizen in a state as a republic under which the people hold popular sovereignty.


lexentry: eng/request_stop__Noun__1
written_rep: request stop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przystanek na żądanie
sense_list:
A location at which public transport does not ordinarily stop, but will do so if specifically requested by a passenger.


lexentry: eng/require__Verb__1
written_rep: require
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wymagać
sense_list:
To demand, to insist upon (having); to call for authoritatively. [from 14th c.] | Naturally to demand (something) as indispensable; to need, to call for as necessary. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/requirement__Noun__1
written_rep: requirement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: potrzeba
sense_list:
A necessity or prerequisite; something required or obligatory. Its adpositions are generally of in relation to who or what has given it, on in relation to whom or what it is given to, and for in relation to what is required.


lexentry: eng/requisition__Noun__1
written_rep: requisition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rekwizycja
sense_list:
A formal request for something. | That which is required by authority; especially, a quota of supplies or necessaries.


lexentry: eng/requite__Verb__1
written_rep: requite
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpowiadać
sense_list:
To repay (someone) a debt owed; specifically, to recompense or reward (someone) for a favour, a service rendered, etc.


lexentry: eng/rescind__Verb__1
written_rep: rescind
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anulować | cofnąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To repeal, annul, or declare void; to take (something such as a rule or contract) out of effect.


lexentry: eng/rescript__Noun__1
written_rep: rescript
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reskrypt
sense_list:
(historical, _, law) A clarification of a point of law by a monarch issued upon formal consultation by a lower magistrate. | (canon law) An ad hoc reply of a pope to some specific question of canon law or morality, without precedential force, sometimes (improper) inclusive of decretals which serve as precedents in canon law.


lexentry: eng/research__Noun__1
written_rep: research
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: badania | badanie naukowe
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable, _, in some dialects) Diligent inquiry or examination to seek or revise facts, principles, theories, applications, etc. (that are currently available, or that are familiar to one's self).


lexentry: eng/research__Verb__1
written_rep: research
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: badać | zbadać
sense_list:
(transitive) To search or examine with continued care; to seek diligently. | (intransitive) To make an extensive investigation into.


lexentry: eng/reseda__Noun__1
written_rep: reseda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rezeda wonna
sense_list:
(botany) Any of various plants of the genus Reseda having small, pale grayish green flowers, such as dyer's rocket (Reseda luteola) and mignonette (Reseda odorata).


lexentry: eng/reseller__Noun__1
written_rep: reseller
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odsprzedawca | reseller
sense_list:
A company or individual that purchases goods or services with the intention of reselling them rather than consuming or using them.


lexentry: eng/resemblance__Noun__1
written_rep: resemblance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podobieństwo
sense_list:
The quality or state of resembling. | That which resembles, or is similar; a representation; a likeness.


lexentry: eng/resentment__Noun__1
written_rep: resentment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ansa | resentyment
sense_list:
Anger or displeasure stemming from belief that one has been wronged or betrayed by others; indignation.


lexentry: eng/reserve__Noun__1
written_rep: reserve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: odwód | rezerwa
sense_list:
(military) A body of troops kept in the rear of an army drawn up for battle, reserved to support the other lines as occasion may require; a force or body of troops kept for an exigency.


lexentry: eng/reserve__Noun__1
written_rep: reserve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rezerwat | rezerwowa | rezerwowy
sense_list:
(Canada) A tract of land set apart for the use of an Aboriginal group; Indian reserve (compare US reservation.)


lexentry: eng/reside__Verb__1
written_rep: reside
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mieszkać | pomieszkać | zamieszkać | zamieszkiwać
sense_list:
To dwell permanently or for a considerable time; to have a settled abode for a time; to remain for a long time.


lexentry: eng/residue__Noun__1
written_rep: residue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: osad
sense_list:
(chemistry) The substance that remains after evaporation, distillation, filtration or any similar process.


lexentry: eng/resign__Verb__1
written_rep: resign
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rezygnować
sense_list:
(transitive) To give up; to relinquish ownership of. [from 14th c.] | (transitive) To submit passively; to give up as hopeless or inevitable. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/resilience__Noun__1
written_rep: resilience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odporność
sense_list:
(psychology, neuroscience) The mental ability to recover quickly from depression, illness or misfortune.


lexentry: eng/resilience__Noun__1
written_rep: resilience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sprężystość
sense_list:
(physics) The physical property of material that can resume its shape after being stretched or deformed; elasticity.


lexentry: eng/resin__Noun__1
written_rep: resin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żywica
sense_list:
A viscous hydrocarbon secretion of many plants, particularly coniferous trees. | Any of various yellowish viscous liquids or soft solids of plant origin; used in lacquers, varnishes and many other applications; chemically they are mostly hydrocarbons, often polycyclic. | Any synthetic compound of similar properties.


lexentry: eng/resistance__Noun__1
written_rep: resistance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ruch oporu | opór
sense_list:
An underground organisation engaged in a struggle for liberation from forceful occupation; a resistance movement.


lexentry: eng/resistance_band__Noun__1
written_rep: resistance band
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: taśma oporowa
sense_list:
A long piece of material of varying grades of tenacity usable to create targetted tension for a muscle workout.


lexentry: eng/resistant__Adjective__1
written_rep: resistant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: odporny | oporny
sense_list:
Which is not affected or overcome by a disease, drug, chemical or atmospheric agent, extreme of temperature, etc.


lexentry: eng/resistivity__Noun__1
written_rep: resistivity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rezystywność
sense_list:
(electricity) The resistance offered at a particular temperature by an electrical conductor of any given material in a cube of unit length, expressed in ohm-metres (Ωm) in the metric system of measurement.


lexentry: eng/resistor__Noun__1
written_rep: resistor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: opornik | rezystor
sense_list:
(electronics) An electric component that transmits current in direct proportion to the voltage across it.


lexentry: eng/resolution__Noun__1
written_rep: resolution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: rozdzielczość
sense_list:
(computing, photography) The degree of fineness with which an image can be recorded or produced, often expressed as the number of pixels per unit of length (typically an inch). | (computing) The number of pixels in an image being stored or displayed.


lexentry: eng/resolve__Verb__1
written_rep: resolve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: postanawiać | postanowić
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a firm decision to do something. To become determined to reach a certain goal or take a certain action.


lexentry: eng/resolve__Verb__1
written_rep: resolve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: rozwiązywać | rozwiązać
sense_list:
To cause to perceive or understand; to acquaint; to inform; to convince; to assure; to make certain.


lexentry: eng/resonance__Noun__1
written_rep: resonance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pogłos
sense_list:
(countable) A resonant sound, echo, or reverberation, such as that produced by blowing over the top of a bottle.


lexentry: eng/resonance__Noun__1
written_rep: resonance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: rezonans
sense_list:
(astronomy) An influence of the gravitational forces of one orbiting object on the orbit of another, causing periodic perturbations.


lexentry: eng/resort__Noun__1
written_rep: resort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kurort | uzdrowisko
sense_list:
A place where people go for recreation, especially one with facilities such as lodgings, entertainment, and a relaxing environment.


lexentry: eng/resound__Verb__1
written_rep: resound
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozbrzmiewać
sense_list:
To praise or spread the fame of (someone or something) with the voice or the sound of musical instruments; to celebrate, to extol; also, to declare (someone) to be a certain thing. | Especially of a musical instrument: to make a (deep or reverberating) sound; also, to make sounds continuously.


lexentry: eng/resourceful__Adjective__1
written_rep: resourceful
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pomysłowy | zaradny
sense_list:
Capable or clever; able to put available resources to efficient or ingenious use; using materials at hand wisely or efficiently.


lexentry: eng/respect__Noun__1
written_rep: respect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szacunek | respekt | poważanie | estyma | uważanie | atencja
sense_list:
(uncountable) an attitude of consideration or high regard | (countable) a particular aspect, feature or detail of something


lexentry: eng/respect__Verb__1
written_rep: respect
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: uszanować | szanować
sense_list:
To have regard for something, to observe a custom, practice, rule or right. | To take notice of; to regard as worthy of special consideration; to heed.


lexentry: eng/respectively__Adverb__1
written_rep: respectively
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpowiednio
sense_list:
In a relative manner; often used when comparing array lists, where the term denotes that the items in the lists correspond to each other in the order they are given.


lexentry: eng/respiration__Noun__1
written_rep: respiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: oddychać
sense_list:
Any similar process in an organism that lacks lungs that exchanges gases with its environment. | The process by which cells obtain chemical energy by the consumption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/respirator__Noun__1
written_rep: respirator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: respirator
sense_list:
A device designed to allow breathing when it would otherwise be hindered, as by a medical condition or the presence of poisonous vapors.


lexentry: eng/respiratory_distress__Noun__1
written_rep: respiratory distress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niewydolność oddechowa
sense_list:
(medicine) The quality and symptom of having a heightened level of carbon dioxide in the blood stream; hypoxia.


lexentry: eng/respiratory_tract__Noun__1
written_rep: respiratory tract
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drogi oddechowe
sense_list:
(anatomy) The passages, divided into an upper and a lower part, through which air enters and leaves the body, including the mouth, nose and nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and conducting bronchioles, sometimes further including the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli.


lexentry: eng/respond__Verb__1
written_rep: respond
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: reagować | zareagować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To act in return; to carry out an action or in return to a force or stimulus; to do something in response.


lexentry: eng/respondent__Noun__1
written_rep: respondent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pozwana | pozwany
sense_list:
(law) A defendant, especially in a case instituted by a petition or in appellate and divorce proceedings.


lexentry: eng/responsibility__Noun__1
written_rep: responsibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpowiedzialność
sense_list:
The state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.] | The state of being liable, culpable, or responsible for something in particular. | A duty, obligation or liability for which someone is held accountable.


lexentry: eng/responsible__Adjective__1
written_rep: responsible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpowiedzialny
sense_list:
(postpositive, followed by "for") Having the duty of taking care of something; answerable for an act performed or for its consequences; accountable; amenable, especially legally or politically.


lexentry: eng/rest_area__Noun__1
written_rep: rest area
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: MOP | miejsce obsługi podróżnych
sense_list:
A place, usually on a limited-access highway, where one can stop to use the restroom or to take a break from travelling.


lexentry: eng/restaurant__Noun__1
written_rep: restaurant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: restauracja
sense_list:
An eating establishment in which diners are served food, usually by waiters at their tables but sometimes (as in a fast food restaurant) at a counter.


lexentry: eng/restharrow__Noun__1
written_rep: restharrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wilżyna
sense_list:
Any of various species of small shrubs making up the genus Ononis, especially Ononis repens, which has pink flowers.


lexentry: eng/restless_legs_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: restless legs syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zespół niespokojnych nóg
sense_list:
A neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move one's body to stop uncomfortable or odd sensations, usually in the legs.


lexentry: eng/restore__Verb__1
written_rep: restore
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: odnowić | przywracać | przywrócić
sense_list:
(transitive) To give or bring back (that which has been lost or taken); to bring back to the owner; to replace.


lexentry: eng/result__Noun__1
written_rep: result
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rezultat | wynik
sense_list:
That which results; the conclusion or end to which any course or condition of things leads, or which is obtained by any process or operation; consequence or effect.


lexentry: eng/resume__Verb__1
written_rep: resume
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wznawiać | wznowić
sense_list:
(transitive) To start (something) again that has been stopped or paused from the point at which it was stopped or paused; continue, carry on. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/resurface__Verb__1
written_rep: resurface
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: wypłynąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To provide a new surface, to replace or remodel the surface of something, or to restore a surface. To put a new coating or finish on a surface.


lexentry: eng/ret__Verb__1
written_rep: ret
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rosić
sense_list:
(transitive) To prepare (flax, hemp etc.) for further processing by soaking, which facilitates separation of fibers from the woody parts of the stem.


lexentry: eng/retail__Noun__1
written_rep: retail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: detal | handel detaliczny
sense_list:
(business) The sale of goods directly to the consumer, encompassing the storefronts, mail-order, websites, etc., and the corporate mechanisms, branding, advertising, etc. that support them.


lexentry: eng/retain__Verb__1
written_rep: retain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nosić
sense_list:
Often followed by from: to hold back (someone or something); to check, to prevent, to restrain, to stop.


lexentry: eng/retaliate__Verb__1
written_rep: retaliate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mścić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To do something harmful or negative to get revenge for some harm; to fight back or respond in kind to an injury or affront.


lexentry: eng/retaliation__Noun__1
written_rep: retaliation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odwet | retaliacja
sense_list:
Violent or otherwise punitive response to an act of harm or perceived injustice; a hitting back; revenge.


lexentry: eng/retch__Verb__1
written_rep: retch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rwać
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To make or experience an unsuccessful effort to vomit; to strain or spasm, as if to vomit; to gag or nearly vomit.


lexentry: eng/reticence__Noun__1
written_rep: reticence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: małomówność
sense_list:
(uncountable, also, figuratively) Avoidance of saying or reluctance to say too much; discretion, tight-lippedness; (countable) an instance of acting in this manner.


lexentry: eng/reticle__Noun__1
written_rep: reticle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: celownik
sense_list:
A grid, network, or crosshatch found in the eyepiece of various optical instruments to aid measurement or alignment


lexentry: eng/retina__Noun__1
written_rep: retina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siatkówka
sense_list:
(ophthalmology) The thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball that contains rods and cones sensitive to light, which trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain, where a visual image is formed.


lexentry: eng/retirement__Noun__1
written_rep: retirement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: emerytura
sense_list:
The state of having permanently left one's employment, now especially at reaching pensionable age; the portion of one's life after retiring from one's career. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/retort__Noun__2
written_rep: retort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: retorta
sense_list:
(chemistry) A flask with a rounded base and a long neck that is bent down and tapered, used to heat a liquid for distillation.


lexentry: eng/retouch__Verb__1
written_rep: retouch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: retuszować
sense_list:
(transitive) To improve something (especially a photograph), by adding or correcting details, or by removing flaws.


lexentry: eng/retrenchment__Noun__2
written_rep: retrenchment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oszańcowanie
sense_list:
(military, dated) A defensive work constructed within a fortification to make it more defensible by allowing defenders to retreat into and fight from it even after the enemy has taken the outer work.


lexentry: eng/retroflex__Adjective__1
written_rep: retroflex
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
sense_list:
(phonetics) Of pronunciation in which the tip of the tongue is raised and bent backwards, so that the underside of the tongue approaches or touches the palate.

trans_list:
retrofleksyjny | [[lamino-]]postalweolarny | apikalno-postalweolarny | apikalny postalweolarny | apikalny zadziąsłowy | laminalny postalweolarny


lexentry: eng/retroflex__Adjective__1
written_rep: retroflex
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
sense_list:
(phonetics) Of pronunciation in which the tip of the tongue approaches or touches the back of the alveolar ridge.

trans_list:
retrofleksyjny | apikalno-postalweolarny | apikalny postalweolarny | apikalny zadziąsłowy | z retrofleksją


lexentry: eng/retroflex__Adjective__1
written_rep: retroflex
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
sense_list:
(phonetics) Of pronunciation in which the blade of the tongue approaches or touches the back of the alveolar ridge.

trans_list:
retrofleksyjny | [[lamino-]]postalweolarny | laminalny postalweolarny | laminalny zadziąsłowy | z retrofleksją


lexentry: eng/retroflex__Noun__1
written_rep: retroflex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(phonetics) A consonant pronounced with the underside of the tongue approaching or touching the palate.

trans_list:
spółgłoska subapikalna palatalna | spółgłoska subapikalna prepalatalna | spółgłoska subapikalno-palatalna | spółgłoska subapikalno-prepalatalna


lexentry: eng/retroflex__Noun__1
written_rep: retroflex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
sense_list:
(phonetics) A consonant pronounced with the tip of the tongue approaching or touching the back of the alveolar ridge.

trans_list:
spółgłoska apikalna postalweolarna | spółgłoska apikalna zadziąsłowa | spółgłoska apikalno-postalweolarna | spółgłoska retrofleksyjna | spółgłoska subapikalna palatalna | spółgłoska subapikalna prepalatalna


lexentry: eng/retroflex__Noun__1
written_rep: retroflex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
sense_list:
(phonetics) A consonant pronounced with the blade of the tongue approaching or touching the back of the alveolar ridge.

trans_list:
spółgłoska [[lamino-]]postalweolarna | spółgłoska laminalna postalweolarna | spółgłoska laminalna zadziąsłowa | spółgłoska retrofleksyjna | spółgłoska subapikalna palatalna | spółgłoska subapikalna prepalatalna


lexentry: eng/retrovirus__Noun__1
written_rep: retrovirus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: retrowirus
sense_list:
(virology) Any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell, thus changing the genome of that cell.


lexentry: eng/return__Noun__1
written_rep: return
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powrót
sense_list:
The act of returning. | An account, or formal report, of an action performed, of a duty discharged, of facts or statistics, etc.; especially, in the plural, a set of tabulated statistics prepared for general information.


lexentry: eng/revalorization__Noun__1
written_rep: revalorization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rewaloryzacja
sense_list:
(economics) The fact or process of setting a new value for a given commodity, currency etc. [from 20th c.] | The establishment of a new value for something; revaluation, especially in a positive sense. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/revaluation__Noun__1
written_rep: revaluation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aktualizacja wyceny | rewaloryzacja | rewaluacja
sense_list:
(UK, pensions) The application of compound growth to the value of a pension benefit, specifically from the date of the member leaving the scheme (for example, moving to a different employer) to the date that the member starts receiving the benefit (typically retirement).


lexentry: eng/revanchist__Adjective__1
written_rep: revanchist
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odwetowy | rewanżystowski | rewanżystyczny
sense_list:
Seeking revenge or otherwise advocating retaliation, especially against a nation which has previously defeated and humiliated the revanchist party in war. Originally referred to the French indignation over losing Alsace-Lorraine to Germany in the Franco-Prussian War.


lexentry: eng/revealed_religion__Noun__1
written_rep: revealed religion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: religia objawiona
sense_list:
(uncountable) The type of religion which relies on communication originating directly from a divine being (as reported by prophets, mystics, disciples, etc.) to establish what religious beliefs are authoritative and acceptable.


lexentry: eng/revenge__Noun__1
written_rep: revenge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zemsta | odwet | pomsta
sense_list:
Any form of personal, retaliatory action against an individual, institution, or group for some alleged or perceived harm or injustice.


lexentry: eng/revenge__Verb__1
written_rep: revenge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mścić | pomścić | zemścić
sense_list:
(transitive) To take revenge for (a particular harmful action) or on behalf of (its victim); to avenge.


lexentry: eng/revenue__Noun__1
written_rep: revenue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dochód
sense_list:
The total income received from a given source. | All income generated for some political entity's treasury by taxation and other means.


lexentry: eng/reverb__Noun__1
written_rep: reverb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pogłos
sense_list:
(audio effects) An electronic effect which simulates echoes or reverberations in the sound signal being processed.


lexentry: eng/reverie__Noun__1
written_rep: reverie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrzonka
sense_list:
A state of dreaming while awake; a loose or irregular train of thought; musing or meditation; daydream. [from 1657]


lexentry: eng/reverse__Adjective__1
written_rep: reverse
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: odwrócony
sense_list:
Pertaining to engines, vehicle movement etc. moving in a direction opposite to the usual direction. [from 19th c.] | (rail transport, of points) To be in the non-default position; to be set for the lesser-used route.


lexentry: eng/reverse__Noun__1
written_rep: reverse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: reszka | rewers
sense_list:
(numismatics) The tails side of a coin, or the side of a medal or badge that is opposite the obverse. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/reverse_charge__Phrase__1
written_rep: reverse charge
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odwrotne obciążenie
sense_list:
(taxation) Added to an invoice to indicate that receiver of the goods or services in another member state of European Union is responsible for paying VAT.


lexentry: eng/reverse_dictionary__Noun__1
written_rep: reverse dictionary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słownik a tergo | słownik regresywny
sense_list:
A dictionary in which entries are sorted alphabetically by their last letter, then second-to-last, and so on: Nausicaa would precede Hecuba, which would precede orca; influenza would precede cab, and so on.


lexentry: eng/reverse_engineering__Noun__1
written_rep: reverse engineering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inżynieria wsteczna
sense_list:
The process of analyzing the construction and operation of a product in order to manufacture a similar one.


lexentry: eng/reverse_osmosis__Noun__1
written_rep: reverse osmosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odwrócona osmoza
sense_list:
(chemistry) a technique whereby a solution is forced through a semipermeable membrane under pressure; used to generate drinkable water from seawater, or to separate chemical compounds


lexentry: eng/reversion__Noun__1
written_rep: reversion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: powrót
sense_list:
The action of returning to a former condition or practice. | (property law) An estate which has been returned in this manner. | (genetics) The return of a genetic characteristic after a period of suppression.


lexentry: eng/review__Noun__1
written_rep: review
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: przegląd
sense_list:
A stage show made up of topical sketches etc. | A survey of the available items or material. | A periodical which makes a survey of the arts or some other field. | A military inspection or display for the benefit of superiors or VIPs.


lexentry: eng/revisionism__Noun__1
written_rep: revisionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rewizjonizm
sense_list:
(historiography) The advocacy of a revision of some accepted theory, doctrine or a view of historical events.


lexentry: eng/revive__Verb__1
written_rep: revive
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ożywiać
sense_list:
(transitive) To return to life; to cause to recover life or strength; to cause to live anew, or to prevent from dying.


lexentry: eng/revolution__Noun__1
written_rep: revolution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rewolucja | przewrót
sense_list:
A political upheaval in a government or state characterized by great change. | The removal and replacement of a government, especially by sudden violent action. | A sudden, vast change in a situation, a discipline, or the way of thinking and behaving.


lexentry: eng/revolutionary__Adjective__1
written_rep: revolutionary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rewolucyjny
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to a revolution in government; tending to, or promoting, revolution | pertaining to something that portends of great change; overthrowing a standing mindset


lexentry: eng/revolve__Verb__1
written_rep: revolve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kręcić się | wirować
sense_list:
(transitive, now, rare) To ponder on; to reflect repeatedly upon; to consider all aspects of. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/rhapsody__Noun__1
written_rep: rhapsody
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rapsod | rapsodia
sense_list:
(Ancient Greece, poetry, historical) An epic poem, or part of one, suitable for uninterrupted recitation.


lexentry: eng/rhenium__Noun__1
written_rep: rhenium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ren
sense_list:
A metallic chemical element (symbol Re) with an atomic number of 75: a heavy, silvery-gray transition metal.


lexentry: eng/rheostat__Noun__1
written_rep: rheostat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reostat
sense_list:
An electrical resistor, with two terminals, whose resistance is continuously variable by moving a knob or slider.


lexentry: eng/rhesus_macaque__Noun__1
written_rep: rhesus macaque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rezus
sense_list:
A monkey, Macaca mulatta, common throughout southern Asia, that is extensively used for medical research.


lexentry: eng/rhetoric__Noun__1
written_rep: rhetoric
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: retoryka
sense_list:
The art of using language, especially public speaking, as a means to persuade. | Meaningless language with an exaggerated style intended to impress.


lexentry: eng/rhetorical_device__Noun__1
written_rep: rhetorical device
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: figura retoryczna
sense_list:
A phrase (set phrase or created phrase) that uses reduplication, onomatopoeia, or other phonetic markers that increase memorability and “musicality” (making rhetoric pleasing or entertaining).


lexentry: eng/rheum__Noun__1
written_rep: rheum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: katar
sense_list:
(uncountable) Thin or watery discharge of mucus or serum, especially from the eyes or nose, formerly thought to cause disease. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/rheumatism__Noun__1
written_rep: rheumatism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reumatyzm
sense_list:
(pathology) Any disorder of the muscles, tendons, joints, bones, nerves, characterized by pain, discomfort and disability.


lexentry: eng/rheumatoid_arthritis__Noun__1
written_rep: rheumatoid arthritis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów
sense_list:
(pathology) A chronic and progressive disease in which the immune system attacks the joints. It is characterised by pain, inflammation and swelling of the joints, stiffness, weakness, loss of mobility and deformity. Tissues throughout the body can be affected, including the skin, blood vessels, heart, lungs, and muscles.


lexentry: eng/rheumy__Adjective__1
written_rep: rheumy
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kaprawy
sense_list:
Producing rheum from the mucous membranes; (also, figuratively) especially of the eyes: filled with rheum; watery.


lexentry: eng/rhinarium__Noun__1
written_rep: rhinarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chrapy
sense_list:
The naked surface of skin around the external openings of the nostrils of the nose in most mammals, usually more or less moist and embossed.


lexentry: eng/rhinoceros__Noun__1
written_rep: rhinoceros
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nosorożec
sense_list:
Any of several large herbivorous ungulates native to Africa and Asia of the five extant species in the three extant genera in the family Rhinocerotidae, with thick, gray skin and one or two horns on their snouts.


lexentry: eng/rhinoceros_beetle__Noun__1
written_rep: rhinoceros beetle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rohatyniec nosorożec
sense_list:
Any of various tropical beetles, of the subfamily Dynastinae, having horns on the head and thorax; a pest on coconuts.


lexentry: eng/rhizobium__Noun__1
written_rep: rhizobium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bakterioryza
sense_list:
(biology) Any of various bacteria, of the genus Rhizobium, that form nodules on the roots of legumes and fix nitrogen.


lexentry: eng/rhizome__Noun__1
written_rep: rhizome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kłącze
sense_list:
(botany) A horizontal, underground stem of some plants that sends out roots and shoots (scions) from its nodes.


lexentry: eng/rhizosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: rhizosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryzosfera
sense_list:
(soil science) The soil region subject to the influence of plant roots and their associated microorganisms.


lexentry: eng/rho__Noun__1
written_rep: rho
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rho | ro
sense_list:
The seventeenth letter of the Modern Greek and Classical alphabets and the nineteenth letter of Old and Ancient.


lexentry: eng/rhodium__Noun__1
written_rep: rhodium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rod
sense_list:
A rare, hard, silvery-white, inert metallic chemical element (symbol Rh) with an atomic number of 45.


lexentry: eng/rhodonite__Noun__1
written_rep: rhodonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rodonit
sense_list:
(mineral) A manganese inosilicate mineral with some substitution by iron and magnesium, of composition (Mn2+,Fe,Mg,Ca)SiO3.


lexentry: eng/rhodopsin__Noun__1
written_rep: rhodopsin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rodopsyna
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A light-sensitive pigment in the rod cells of the retina; it consists of an opsin protein bound to the carotenoid retinal


lexentry: eng/rhombic_dodecahedron__Noun__1
written_rep: rhombic dodecahedron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dwunastościan rombowy
sense_list:
(geometry) A convex polyhedron that has 12 congruent rhombic faces, 24 edges and 14 vertices of two types (eight 3-edge and six 4-edge) and is a Catalan solid.


lexentry: eng/rhombicosidodecahedron__Noun__1
written_rep: rhombicosidodecahedron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dwunasto-dwudziestościan rombowy mały
sense_list:
(geometry) An Archimedean solid with 62 regular faces (20 triangles, 30 squares, and 12 pentagons), 60 vertices and 120 edges.


lexentry: eng/rhombicuboctahedron__Noun__1
written_rep: rhombicuboctahedron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[sześć|sześcio-]]ośmiościan rombowy mały
sense_list:
(geometry) An Archimedean solid with eight triangular and eighteen square faces; the small rhombicuboctahedron.


lexentry: eng/rhotacism__Noun__1
written_rep: rhotacism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rotacyzm
sense_list:
(countable, phonology) A linguistic phenomenon in which a consonant changes into an R, such as Latin flos becoming florem in the accusative case; rhotacization.


lexentry: eng/rhubarb__Noun__1
written_rep: rhubarb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rabarbar | rzewień
sense_list:
Any plant of the genus Rheum, especially Rheum rhabarbarum, having large leaves and long green or reddish acidic leafstalks that are edible, in particular when cooked (although the leaves are mildly poisonous).


lexentry: eng/rhumb_line__Noun__1
written_rep: rhumb line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: loksodroma
sense_list:
(nautical) A line that cuts all meridians at the same angle, the path of a vessel that maintains a constant compass direction.


lexentry: eng/rhyme__Noun__1
written_rep: rhyme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rym
sense_list:
A thought expressed in verse; a verse; a poem; a tale told in verse. | (countable, in particular) A word that rhymes with another, in that it is pronounced identically with the other word from the vowel in its stressed syllable to the end. | (uncountable) Rhyming: sameness of letters or sounds of part of some words.


lexentry: eng/rhyme__Verb__1
written_rep: rhyme
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rymować
sense_list:
(intransitive, followed by with) Of a word, to be pronounced identically with another from the vowel in its stressed syllable to the end. | (reciprocal) Of two or more words, to be pronounced identically from the vowel in the stressed syllable of each to the end of each.


lexentry: eng/rhyolite__Noun__1
written_rep: rhyolite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryolit
sense_list:
(geology) An igneous, volcanic (extrusive) rock, of felsic composition, with aphanitic to porphyritic texture.


lexentry: eng/rhythm__Noun__1
written_rep: rhythm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rytm
sense_list:
The variation of strong and weak elements (such as duration, accent) of sounds, notably in speech or music, over time; a beat or meter. | A flow, repetition or regularity. | The tempo or speed of a beat, song or repetitive event.


lexentry: eng/rhythm_guitar__Noun__1
written_rep: rhythm guitar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gitara rytmiczna
sense_list:
A guitar in a band that provides rhythm, usually by playing chords or similar accompanying parts, to support the lead guitar.


lexentry: eng/rhythmic_gymnastics__Noun__1
written_rep: rhythmic gymnastics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gimnastyka artystyczna
sense_list:
(gymnastics) A discipline of gymnastics where the gymnast manipulates one of five apparatuses (ribbon, ball, rope, clubs, hoop) in a rhythmic manner.


lexentry: eng/rhyton__Noun__1
written_rep: rhyton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryton
sense_list:
A container from which fluids are intended to be drunk, having one handle and usually a base in the form of a head. | A Thracian drinking horn.


lexentry: eng/rib__Noun__1
written_rep: rib
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żebro
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of a series of long curved bones occurring in 12 pairs in humans and other animals and extending from the spine to or toward the sternum. | (by extension) A part or piece, similar to a rib, and serving to shape or support something. | (aeronautics) Any of several transverse pieces that provide an aircraft wing with shape and strength. | (architectural element) A long, narrow, usually arched member projecting from the surface of a structure, especially such a member separating the webs of a vault


lexentry: eng/rib__Verb__1
written_rep: rib
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dokuczać | dokuczyć
sense_list:
To tease or make fun of someone in a good-natured way. | To enclose, as if with ribs, and protect; to shut in.


lexentry: eng/rib_cage__Noun__1
written_rep: rib cage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: klatka piersiowa
sense_list:
(skeleton) A part of the skeleton within the thoracic area consisting of ribs, sternum and thoracic vertebrae.


lexentry: eng/ribbon__Noun__1
written_rep: ribbon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wstążka
sense_list:
An awareness ribbon. | (computing, graphical user interface) A toolbar that incorporates tabs and menus.


lexentry: eng/ribbon_cable__Noun__1
written_rep: ribbon cable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zimnica
sense_list:
A cable with many conducting wires running parallel to each other on the same flat plane; often used for internal peripherals in a computer.


lexentry: eng/ribbon_seal__Noun__1
written_rep: ribbon seal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: foka pręgowana
sense_list:
A species (Histriophoca fasciata) of true seal (or earless seal) found in the Arctic and subarctic regions of the North Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/riboflavin__Noun__1
written_rep: riboflavin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryboflawina
sense_list:
(vitamin) Yellow or orange-yellow water-soluble compound, a member of the vitamin B complex, that acts as a growth-promoting factor in humans and other animals.


lexentry: eng/ribonucleic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: ribonucleic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas rybonukleinowy
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A derivative of DNA having ribose in place of deoxyribose, and uracil in place of thymine; its primary function is in the transcription of genetic material and subsequent synthesis of protein.


lexentry: eng/ribose__Noun__1
written_rep: ribose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryboza
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) A naturally occurring pentose sugar, which is a component of the nucleosides and nucleotides that constitute the nucleic acid biopolymer, RNA. It is also found in riboflavin.


lexentry: eng/ribosome__Noun__1
written_rep: ribosome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rybosom
sense_list:
(biology, cytology) A small organelle found in all cells; involved in the production of proteins by translating messenger RNA. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/rice_cooker__Noun__1
written_rep: rice cooker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryżowar
sense_list:
A kitchen appliance which is designed to cook rice, through either boiling or steaming it. It may also be used as a steam cooker for other foods.


lexentry: eng/rice_paper__Noun__1
written_rep: rice paper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papier ryżowy
sense_list:
A thin, fragile paper made from parts of the rice plant, used in artificial flowers and watercolour art. | Edible sheets of rice often used in Vietnamese cooking; bánh tráng.


lexentry: eng/rice_wine__Noun__1
written_rep: rice wine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wino ryżowe
sense_list:
An alcoholic beverage made from fermenting various forms of rice, usually with an ABV similar to grape wine.


lexentry: eng/rich_kid__Noun__1
written_rep: rich kid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: banan | bananowiec | bananówka
sense_list:
(US, informal, somewhat, pejorative) A child, adolescent or young adult from a wealthy family, especially one who flaunts his or her wealth or privilege.


lexentry: eng/rickets__Noun__1
written_rep: rickets
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krzywica
sense_list:
(pathology) A disorder of infancy and early childhood caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, causing soft bones.


lexentry: eng/ride__Verb__1
written_rep: ride
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jechać | jeździć | pojechać | skakać
sense_list:
(intransitive, transitive) To transport oneself by sitting on and directing a horse, later also a bicycle etc. [from 8th c., transitive usage from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/ride__Verb__1
written_rep: ride
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: jechać | jeździć | pojechać | wieźć | wozić | zawieźć
sense_list:
(intransitive, transitive) To be transported in a vehicle; to travel as a passenger. [from 9th c., transitive usage from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/ride__Verb__1
written_rep: ride
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: ujeżdżać
sense_list:
(intransitive, transitive, slang, vulgar) To mount (someone) to have sex with them; to have sexual intercourse with. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/ride_out__Verb__1
written_rep: ride out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przetrzymać | przetrzymywać
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic, by extension) To tackle a difficult situation and survive; to survive through; to weather.


lexentry: eng/ride_roughshod_over__Verb__1
written_rep: ride roughshod over
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: deptać
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic) To treat (someone) roughly or without care, control, moderation, or respect; to act in a bullying manner toward (someone); to damage (someone or something).


lexentry: eng/ridge__Noun__1
written_rep: ridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: kalenica | szczyt
sense_list:
The highest point on a roof, represented by a horizontal line where two roof areas intersect, running the length of the area.


lexentry: eng/ridicule__Verb__1
written_rep: ridicule
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyśmiewać | wyśmiać
sense_list:
(transitive) to criticize or disapprove of someone or something through scornful jocularity; to make fun of


lexentry: eng/riding_habit__Noun__1
written_rep: riding habit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amazonka
sense_list:
A woman's outfit for horseback riding, traditionally comprising a tailored jacket with a long skirt, a tailored shirt or chemisette, and a formal hat.


lexentry: eng/riffraff__Noun__1
written_rep: riffraff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: plebs
sense_list:
(informal, somewhat, derogatory, ironic, or, sarcastic) The rabble; crowds; people of a low, disreputable or undesirable class or position.


lexentry: eng/rifle__Noun__1
written_rep: rifle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karabin | gwintówka
sense_list:
(weaponry) A firearm fired from the shoulder; improved range and accuracy is provided by a long, rifled barrel.


lexentry: eng/rifleman__Noun__1
written_rep: rifleman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: barglik
sense_list:
A small wrenlike insectivorous passerine bird endemic to New Zealand, Acanthisitta chloris, the titipounamu.


lexentry: eng/rigger__Noun__1
written_rep: rigger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: holownik
sense_list:
A long, slender, pointed sable paintbrush for making fine lines, etc.; said to be so called from its use for drawing the lines of the rigging of ships.


lexentry: eng/rigging__Noun__1
written_rep: rigging
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: takielunek
sense_list:
Dress; tackle; especially (nautical) , the ropes, chains, etc., that support the masts and spars of a sailing vessel, and serve as purchases for adjusting the sails, etc.


lexentry: eng/right-wing__Adjective__1
written_rep: right-wing
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawicowy
sense_list:
(politics) Of political ideologies: opposing political and social equality, especially conservative, traditional, and/or reactionary politics.


lexentry: eng/right__Adjective__1
written_rep: right
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prawy | poprawny | prawidłowy | słuszny
sense_list:
Complying with justice, correctness, or reason; correct, just, true. See also the interjection senses below.


lexentry: eng/right__Adjective__1
written_rep: right
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: prawy | prostopadły
sense_list:
(geometry) Of an angle, having a size of 90 degrees, or one quarter of a complete rotation; the angle between two perpendicular lines.


lexentry: eng/right__Adjective__1
written_rep: right
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: prawy
sense_list:
(geography) Designating the bank of a river (etc.) on one's right when facing downstream (i.e. facing forward while floating with the current); that is, the south bank of a river that flows eastward. If this arrow: ⥴ shows the direction of the current, the tilde is on the right side of the river.


lexentry: eng/right__Interjection__1
written_rep: right
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: co nie | nie | prawda
sense_list:
Used to check listener engagement and (especially) agreement at the end of an utterance or each segment thereof.


lexentry: eng/right__Noun__1
written_rep: right
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: prawica
sense_list:
The right hand or fist. | (politics) The ensemble of right-wing political parties; political conservatives as a group.


lexentry: eng/right__Verb__1
written_rep: right
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: poprawiać | korygować | poprawić | prostować | skorygować | sprostować
sense_list:
(transitive) To do justice to; to relieve from wrong; to restore rights to; to assert or regain the rights of.


lexentry: eng/right_of_asylum__Noun__1
written_rep: right of asylum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azyl
sense_list:
(legal) The right of a person persecuted by his or her own country to be protected by another sovereign authority.


lexentry: eng/right_of_way__Noun__1
written_rep: right of way
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pierwszeństwo
sense_list:
(uncountable) The right to proceed first in traffic, on land, on water or in the air. Also in metaphorical senses.


lexentry: eng/right_to_be_forgotten__Noun__1
written_rep: right to be forgotten
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawo do bycia zapomnianym | prawo do zapomnienia
sense_list:
(law) An individual's legal right to have certain information about themselves deleted, so as to ensure their privacy.


lexentry: eng/right_to_work__Noun__1
written_rep: right to work
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawo do pracy
sense_list:
(public policy, legal, ethics) The human right (the right of an individual) to have gainful employment.


lexentry: eng/right_whale__Noun__1
written_rep: right whale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: waleń
sense_list:
Any of certain baleen whales of the family Balaenidae, in the genera Eubalaena (three species) and Balaena (one species, the bowhead whale, also called Greenland right whale). [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/righteous__Adjective__1
written_rep: righteous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sprawiedliwy
sense_list:
Free from sin or guilt. | Moral and virtuous, perhaps to the point of sanctimony. | Justified morally.


lexentry: eng/righteousness__Noun__1
written_rep: righteousness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: czystość | prawość | łaska | świętość
sense_list:
(theology) The state of being right with God; justification; the work of Christ, which is the ground justification.


lexentry: eng/rigidity__Noun__1
written_rep: rigidity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztywność
sense_list:
The quality or state of being rigid; lack of pliability; the quality of resisting change of physical shape


lexentry: eng/rime__Noun__1
written_rep: rime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szadź
sense_list:
Archaic in the form rimes: originally, any frozen dew forming a white deposit on exposed surfaces; hoar frost (sense 1).


lexentry: eng/rinderpest__Noun__1
written_rep: rinderpest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: księgosusz | pomór bydła
sense_list:
An eradicated contagious disease of ruminants and swine caused by Rinderpest virus, an RNA virus of the genus Morbillivirus.


lexentry: eng/ring-necked_parakeet__Noun__1
written_rep: ring-necked parakeet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aleksandretta obrożna
sense_list:
A species of parakeet, Psittacula krameri, prevalent in Asia and famous for escaping domestication and establishing wild populations in Britain.


lexentry: eng/ring__Noun__1
written_rep: ring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krąg | szajka | klika | obrączka
sense_list:
(UK) A bird band, a round piece of metal put around a bird's leg used for identification and studies of migration.


lexentry: eng/ring__Noun__1
written_rep: ring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pierścień
sense_list:
A circumscribing object, (roughly) circular and hollow, looking like an annual ring, earring, finger ring etc. | (astronomy) A formation of various pieces of material orbiting around a planet or young star. | (geometry) A planar geometrical figure included between two concentric circles.


lexentry: eng/ring__Noun__1
written_rep: ring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: krąg | szajka | klika
sense_list:
A circular group of people or objects. | An exclusive group of people, usually involving some unethical or illegal practices.


lexentry: eng/ring__Noun__1
written_rep: ring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ring | pierścień
sense_list:
A place where some sports or exhibitions take place; notably a circular or comparable arena, such as a boxing ring or a circus ring; hence the field of a political contest.


lexentry: eng/ring__Noun__3
written_rep: ring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pierścień
sense_list:
(algebra) An algebraic structure which consists of a set with two binary operations: an additive operation and a multiplicative operation, such that the set is an abelian group under the additive operation, a monoid under the multiplicative operation, and such that the multiplicative operation is distributive with respect to the additive operation. | (algebra) An algebraic structure as above, but only required to be a semigroup under the multiplicative operation, that is, there need not be a multiplicative identity element.


lexentry: eng/ring__Verb__1
written_rep: ring
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: obrączkować | zaobrączkować
sense_list:
(transitive) To attach a ring to, especially for identification. | (AU, transitive) To ride around (a group of animals, especially catle) to keep them milling in one place; hence (intransitive), to work as a drover, to muster cattle.


lexentry: eng/ring__Verb__2
written_rep: ring
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzwonić
sense_list:
(intransitive) Of a bell, etc., to produce a resonant sound. | (intransitive, figuratively) To produce the sound of a bell or a similar sound.


lexentry: eng/ring_binder__Noun__1
written_rep: ring binder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: segregator
sense_list:
A folder in which punched pieces of paper may be held by means of clamps running through the holes in the paper.


lexentry: eng/ring_finger__Noun__1
written_rep: ring finger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palec serdeczny
sense_list:
The finger between the middle finger and the little finger; the "third finger" (UK) or the "fourth finger" (US), especially of the left hand. (The ring finger is the left hand; a ring finger is either hand.)


lexentry: eng/ring_ouzel__Noun__1
written_rep: ring ouzel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drozd obrożny
sense_list:
Turdus torquatus, a European thrush, similar to the common blackbird, but with a ring of white feathers at its neck.


lexentry: eng/ring_road__Noun__1
written_rep: ring road
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obwodnica
sense_list:
(chiefly, Australia, New Zealand, UK) A circumferential highway around a town, city, or other conurbation.


lexentry: eng/ringworm__Noun__1
written_rep: ringworm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parch
sense_list:
A contagious fungal infection of the skin, characterised by ring-shaped discoloured patches, covered by vesicles or scales.


lexentry: eng/rinky-dink__Noun__1
written_rep: rinky-dink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bezwartościowy
sense_list:
(countable) Something that is not up to acceptable standards; something regarded as being of low quality.


lexentry: eng/rinse__Verb__1
written_rep: rinse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płukać
sense_list:
(transitive) To wash (something) quickly using water and no soap. | (transitive) To remove soap from (something) using water.


lexentry: eng/riot__Noun__1
written_rep: riot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zamieszki | bunt | zbiegowisko
sense_list:
A tumultuous disturbance of the public peace by a large group of people, often involving violence or damage to property.


lexentry: eng/riot_police__Noun__1
written_rep: riot police
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oddziały prewencji | prewencja
sense_list:
A unit of the police specifically trained to deal with rioting crowds. They use special equipment for personal defense as well as for crowd control and dispersal.


lexentry: eng/rip__Verb__1
written_rep: rip
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drzeć | rozdzierać | rozerwać | rozrywać | rwać
sense_list:
(transitive) To divide or separate the parts of (especially something flimsy, such as paper or fabric), by cutting or tearing; to tear off or out by violence.


lexentry: eng/rip__Verb__1
written_rep: rip
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 12
trans_list: zgrać | zgrywać
sense_list:
(archaic) To tear up for search or disclosure, or for alteration; to search to the bottom; to discover; to disclose; usually with up.


lexentry: eng/rip_off__Verb__1
written_rep: rip off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: oszukiwać
sense_list:
(transitive, slang) To cheat or swindle, especially by charging an excessively high or unfair price.


lexentry: eng/ripe__Adjective__1
written_rep: ripe
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dojrzały
sense_list:
(of fruits, vegetables, seeds etc.) Ready for reaping or gathering; having attained perfection; mature.


lexentry: eng/ripen__Verb__1
written_rep: ripen
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dojrzewać | dojrzeć
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause (something) to mature; to make ripe | (transitive) To mature; to fit or prepare; to bring to perfection


lexentry: eng/ripped__Adjective__1
written_rep: ripped
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: określony
sense_list:
(bodybuilding) Having extremely low bodyfat content so that the shape of the underlying muscles become pronounced. Said especially of well-defined abdominal muscles or of men who have them.


lexentry: eng/ripsaw__Noun__1
written_rep: ripsaw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: płatnica
sense_list:
(uncountable, music genre, Caribbean) A genre of music played with a ripsaw and other instruments, originally associated mainly with Turks and Caicos Islands.


lexentry: eng/rise__Noun__1
written_rep: rise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wzrost
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, also, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa) An increase in a quantity, price, etc.


lexentry: eng/rise__Verb__1
written_rep: rise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wschodzić
sense_list:
(of a celestial body) To appear to move upwards from behind the horizon of a planet as a result of the planet's rotation.


lexentry: eng/rise_from_the_ashes__Verb__1
written_rep: rise from the ashes
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powstawać z popiołów | powstać z popiołów
sense_list:
To make a comeback after a disaster that almost led to a tragic end; to make a comeback after a long hiatus; to come back into common use or practice, or back into popularity.


lexentry: eng/riser__Noun__1
written_rep: riser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: pochwa
sense_list:
A vertical utility conduit, pipe or path between floors of a building for placement of cables (e.g. telephone, networking), or to convey fluids (e.g. gas, water).


lexentry: eng/risk__Noun__1
written_rep: risk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryzyko
sense_list:
(uncountable) The probability of a negative outcome to a decision or event. | (uncountable, economics, business, and, engineering) The potential negative effect of an event, determined by multiplying the likelihood of the event occurring with its magnitude should it occur.


lexentry: eng/risk_assessment__Noun__1
written_rep: risk assessment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ocena ryzyka
sense_list:
The overall process of identifying all the risks to and from an activity and assessing the potential impact of each risk. | The determination of the potential impact of an individual risk by measuring or otherwise assessing both the likelihood that it will occur and the impact if it should occur, and then combining the result according to an agreed rule to give a single measure of potential impact.


lexentry: eng/risk_management__Noun__1
written_rep: risk management
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zarządzanie ryzykiem
sense_list:
The process of determining the maximum acceptable level of overall risk to and from a proposed activity, then using risk assessment techniques to determine the initial level of risk and, if this is excessive, developing a strategy to ameliorate appropriate individual risks until the overall level of risk is reduced to an acceptable level.


lexentry: eng/risktaker__Noun__1
written_rep: risktaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryzykant | ryzykantka
sense_list:
A person who takes risk, especially to reap the benefits if the feared event is survived, or it does not happen.


lexentry: eng/rite_of_passage__Noun__1
written_rep: rite of passage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obrzęd przejścia
sense_list:
(anthropology) A ceremony or series of ceremonies, often very ritualized, to celebrate a transition in a person’s life. Baptisms, bar mitzvahs, weddings and funerals are among the best known examples.


lexentry: eng/rival__Noun__1
written_rep: rival
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rywal | konkurent | konkurentka | rywalka
sense_list:
A competitor (person, team, company, etc.) with the same goal as another, or striving to attain the same thing. Defeating a rival may be a primary or necessary goal of a competitor.


lexentry: eng/rive__Verb__1
written_rep: rive
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozszczepić
sense_list:
(transitive, archaic, _, except in past participle) To tear apart by force; to rend; to split; to cleave.


lexentry: eng/river__Noun__1
written_rep: river
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzeka
sense_list:
A large and often winding stream which drains a land mass, carrying water down from higher areas to a lower point, oftentimes ending in another body of water, such as an ocean or in an inland sea. | Any large flow of a liquid in a single body.


lexentry: eng/river__Noun__1
written_rep: river
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: kanaliki
sense_list:
(typography) A visually undesirable effect of white space running down a page, caused by spaces between words on consecutive lines happening to coincide.


lexentry: eng/river_basin__Noun__1
written_rep: river basin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zlewnia
sense_list:
(geography) An extent of land where water from rain or snow melt drains downhill into a river or series of rivers.


lexentry: eng/riverbed__Noun__1
written_rep: riverbed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koryto
sense_list:
(hydrology) The path where a river runs, or where a river once ran; the bottom earthen part of a river, not including the riverbanks.


lexentry: eng/rivet__Noun__1
written_rep: rivet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nit
sense_list:
A cylindrical mechanical fastener that attaches multiple parts together by fitting through a hole and deforming the head(s) at either end.


lexentry: eng/road__Noun__1
written_rep: road
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: droga | szosa | ulica
sense_list:
A way used for travelling between places, originally one wide enough to allow foot passengers and horses to travel, now (US) usually one surfaced with asphalt or concrete and designed to accommodate many vehicles travelling in both directions. In the UK both senses are heard: a country road is the same as a country lane. [from 16th c.] | (US, railroads) A railway or (UK, railroads) a single railway track. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/road_accident__Noun__1
written_rep: road accident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wypadek drogowy | wypadek komunikacyjny
sense_list:
A collision on a road, typically involving one or more motor vehicles, but also including cyclists and pedestrians knocked down by vehicles.


lexentry: eng/road_map__Noun__1
written_rep: road map
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mapa drogowa
sense_list:
A map with a visual representation of roads used for automobile travel and navigation. A road map may contain other relevant data, such as terrain or railway lines.


lexentry: eng/road_user__Noun__1
written_rep: road user
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uczestnik ruchu
sense_list:
Any person that makes use of a road, such as a driver, cyclist, motorcyclist, moped rider, pedestrian or horserider.


lexentry: eng/roadie__Noun__1
written_rep: roadie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ołów
sense_list:
One of the crew for a musical group or other travelling stage production, especially a stagehand or technician.


lexentry: eng/roadrunner__Noun__1
written_rep: roadrunner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kukawka
sense_list:
Either of two species of fast-running bird in the genus Geococcyx of the cuckoo family native to North and Central America, the lesser roadrunner (Geococcyx velox) and, especially, the greater roadrunner (Geococcyx californianus).


lexentry: eng/roadstead__Noun__1
written_rep: roadstead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reda
sense_list:
(nautical) A partly sheltered anchorage; a stretch of water near the shore where vessels may ride at anchor, but with less protection than a harbour. [from early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/roaming__Noun__1
written_rep: roaming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: roaming
sense_list:
(uncountable, telecommunications) The ability to use a cell phone outside of its original registering zone.


lexentry: eng/roar__Noun__1
written_rep: roar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryk
sense_list:
A long, loud, deep shout, as of rage or laughter, made with the mouth wide open. | The cry of the lion. | A loud resounding noise.


lexentry: eng/roar__Verb__1
written_rep: roar
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ryczeć | zaryczeć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a loud, deep cry, especially from pain, anger, or other strong emotion. | Of animals (especially a lion), to make a loud deep noise.


lexentry: eng/roast__Noun__1
written_rep: roast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: roast
sense_list:
A comical event, originally fraternal, where a person is subjected to verbal attack, yet may be praised by sarcasm and jokes. | (North America) A social event at which food is roasted and eaten. [from 19th century]


lexentry: eng/roast__Verb__1
written_rep: roast
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piec | upiec
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive, or, ergative) To cook food by heating in an oven or over a fire without covering, resulting in a crisp, possibly even slightly charred appearance.


lexentry: eng/rob_Peter_to_pay_Paul__Verb__1
written_rep: rob Peter to pay Paul
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zabrać jednemu, żeby dać drugiemu
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To use resources that legitimately belong to or are needed by one party in order to satisfy a legitimate need of another party, especially within the same organization or group; to solve a problem in a way that makes another problem worse, producing no net gain.


lexentry: eng/robbery__Noun__1
written_rep: robbery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rozbój
sense_list:
(crime) The offense of taking or attempting to take the property of another by force or threat of force.


lexentry: eng/robot__Noun__2
written_rep: robot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: robot
sense_list:
(chiefly, science fiction) An intelligent mechanical being designed to look like a human or other creature, and usually made from metal. [from 20th c.] | A machine built to carry out some complex task or group of tasks by physically moving, especially one which can be programmed. [from 20th c.] | (figuratively) A person who does not seem to have any emotions or individuality. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/rock__Noun__1
written_rep: rock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skała
sense_list:
(uncountable) The naturally occurring aggregate of solid mineral matter that constitutes a significant part of the earth's crust. | A mass of stone projecting out of the ground or water. | A large hill or island having no vegetation.


lexentry: eng/rock__Noun__1
written_rep: rock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: skała | opoka
sense_list:
(figuratively) Something that is strong, stable, and dependable; a person who provides security or support to another.


lexentry: eng/rock__Noun__1
written_rep: rock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 14
trans_list: kamień
sense_list:
(rock paper scissors) A closed hand (a handshape resembling a rock), that beats scissors and loses to paper. It beats lizard and loses to Spock in rock-paper-scissors-lizard-Spock.


lexentry: eng/rock__Noun__3
written_rep: rock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rock
sense_list:
(music genre) A style of music characterized by basic drum-beat, generally 4/4 riffs, based on (usually electric) guitar, bass guitar, drums, keyboards (often), and vocals.


lexentry: eng/rock_climbing__Noun__1
written_rep: rock climbing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wspinaczka skałkowa
sense_list:
The sport of the sport of climbing on rocks or in mountains, or on specially designed walls inside or outdoors.


lexentry: eng/rock_crystal__Noun__1
written_rep: rock crystal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kryształ górski
sense_list:
clear, colourless form of the silica-based mineral quartz, often called "pure quartz" or "clear quartz".


lexentry: eng/rock_hyrax__Noun__1
written_rep: rock hyrax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: góralek przylądkowy
sense_list:
A guinea pig-like, but larger, animal (Procavia capensis), native to much of Africa, the Middle East and the Arabian peninsula.


lexentry: eng/rock_music__Noun__1
written_rep: rock music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rock
sense_list:
(music) A broad genre of popular music, including especially those styles ultimately derived from rock and roll, employing electrical amplification, heavy use of guitars, 4/4 time with strong percussive rhythm on beats two and four (backbeat), and usually themes of bold wildness, rebellion, and sexuality.


lexentry: eng/rock_paper_scissors__Noun__1
written_rep: rock paper scissors
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papier, kamień, nożyce | marynarzyk
sense_list:
(hand game) A popular children's game using three hand signs representing rock, paper and scissors, frequently used as a tiebreaker.


lexentry: eng/rock_pipit__Noun__1
written_rep: rock pipit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: świergotek nadmorski
sense_list:
A stocky bird, of species Anthus petrosus, somewhat smaller than a starling, that breeds on rocky beaches and winters on coastal salt marshes.


lexentry: eng/rocker__Noun__1
written_rep: rocker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fotel bujany | biegun | krzesło bujane
sense_list:
A curved piece of wood attached to the bottom of a rocking chair or cradle that enables it to rock back and forth.


lexentry: eng/rocket__Noun__1
written_rep: rocket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rakieta
sense_list:
A long vehicle or craft propelled by a rocket engine; a missile or rocket-propelled spacecraft. [from 20th c.] | An engine operating similarly to the pyrotechnic, generating thrust by the expulsion of hot gases; a rocket engine. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/rocket_engine__Noun__1
written_rep: rocket engine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: silnik rakietowy
sense_list:
A reaction engine that obtains thrust by jet propulsion which forms its jet exclusively from propellant.


lexentry: eng/rocket_scientist__Noun__1
written_rep: rocket scientist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: geniusz | mózgowiec
sense_list:
(hyperbolic, idiom, chiefly in the negative) One qualified to handle or understand things which are very complex or confusing; a very intelligent person.


lexentry: eng/rockfowl__Noun__1
written_rep: rockfowl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sępowronka
sense_list:
Either of two bird species of genus Picathartes in the passerine family Picathartidae endemic to sub-Saharan Africa.


lexentry: eng/rococo__Noun__1
written_rep: rococo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rokoko
sense_list:
(uncountable) A style of baroque architecture and decorative art, from 18th-century France, having elaborate ornamentation.


lexentry: eng/rod__Noun__1
written_rep: rod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pręt
sense_list:
A straight, round stick, shaft, bar, cane, or staff. | A stick used to measure distance, by using its established length or task-specific temporary marks along its length, or by dint of specific graduated marks. | (archaic) A unit of length equal to 1 pole, a perch, 1⁄4 chain, 5+1⁄2 yards, 16+1⁄2 feet, or exactly 5.0292 meters (these being all equivalent). | (biology) Any of a number of long, slender microorganisms.


lexentry: eng/rod__Noun__1
written_rep: rod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: rózga | kij
sense_list:
A stick, pole, or bundle of switches or twigs (such as a birch), used for personal defense or to administer corporal punishment by whipping.


lexentry: eng/rod__Noun__1
written_rep: rod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: wędka | pałeczka | pręcik
sense_list:
An implement held vertically and viewed through an optical surveying instrument such as a transit, used to measure distance in land surveying and construction layout; an engineer's rod, surveyor's rod, surveying rod, leveling rod, ranging rod. The modern (US) engineer's or surveyor's rod commonly is eight or ten feet long and often designed to extend higher. In former times a surveyor's rod often was a single wooden pole or composed of multiple sectioned and socketed pieces, and besides serving as a sighting target was used to measure distance on the ground horizontally, hence for convenience was of one rod or pole in length, that is, 5+1⁄2 yards.


lexentry: eng/rod__Noun__1
written_rep: rod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: pręcik
sense_list:
A straight bar that unites moving parts of a machine, for holding parts together as a connecting rod or for transferring power as a driveshaft.


lexentry: eng/rod_cell__Noun__1
written_rep: rod cell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pręcik
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the cylindrical photoreceptor cells in the retina that function in dim light levels.


lexentry: eng/rodent__Noun__1
written_rep: rodent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gryzoń
sense_list:
A mammal of the order Rodentia, characterized by long incisors that grow continuously and are worn down by gnawing.


lexentry: eng/roe_deer__Noun__1
written_rep: roe deer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sarna
sense_list:
A small, nimble Eurasian deer with no visible tail, a white rump patch, and a reddish summer coat that turns grey in winter, the male having short three-pointed antlers (Capreolus capreolus and Capreolus pygargus).


lexentry: eng/roger__Interjection__1
written_rep: roger
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyjąć | zrozumieć
sense_list:
(radio telecommunications) Received (used in radio communications to acknowledge that a message has been received and understood)


lexentry: eng/role__Noun__1
written_rep: role
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rola
sense_list:
A character or part played by a performer or actor. | The expected behaviour of an individual in a society.


lexentry: eng/roleplaying_game__Noun__1
written_rep: roleplaying game
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gra fabularna
sense_list:
(games) A type of game where one or more players assume the roles of characters (usually one each) to interact with a fictional world either defined by themselves or through the moderation of a neutral judge (usually referred to as the game master).


lexentry: eng/roll__Noun__2
written_rep: roll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zwój
sense_list:
A document written on a piece of parchment, paper, or other materials which may be rolled up; a scroll. | (obsolete) A part; an office; a duty; a role.


lexentry: eng/roll__Verb__1
written_rep: roll
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: toczyć
sense_list:
(ergative) To revolve by turning over and over; to move by turning on a horizontal axis; to impel forward with a revolving motion on a supporting surface.


lexentry: eng/roll_call__Noun__1
written_rep: roll call
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apel
sense_list:
The reading aloud of a list of names, and subsequent responses, in order to determine who is present or absent. | (by extension) The subset of those members of a specific group who are present or available out of the full set of all the members of said group.


lexentry: eng/roll_one's_eyes__Verb__1
written_rep: roll one's eyes
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przewracać oczami | przewrócić oczami
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To deliberately turn one's eyes upwards, usually to indicate disapproval, indifference or frustration.


lexentry: eng/roll_out__Verb__1
written_rep: roll out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wychodzić
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To deploy or release (a new film or software, etc.); to launch (a product or service), especially in a gradual fashion across multiple regions.


lexentry: eng/roll_up_one's_sleeves__Verb__1
written_rep: roll up one's sleeves
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakasać rękawy
sense_list:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see roll,‎ up,‎ one's,‎ sleeves. | (idiomatic) To prepare to work.


lexentry: eng/roller__Noun__1
written_rep: roller
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: kraska
sense_list:
Any of various aggressive birds, of the family Coraciidae, having bright blue wings and hooked beaks.


lexentry: eng/roller_blind__Noun__1
written_rep: roller blind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: roleta | żaluzja
sense_list:
A blind for a window, usually of stiffened fabric or vinyl, mounted on a pole and operated with a chain or spring mechanism.


lexentry: eng/rolling_pin__Noun__1
written_rep: rolling pin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wałek do ciasta | wałek do ciasta
sense_list:
A food preparation utensil consisting of a cylinder with a handle at each end, used to flatten dough.


lexentry: eng/romance__Noun__1
written_rep: romance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: romans
sense_list:
An intimate relationship between two people; a love affair. | A story or novel dealing with idealized love. | (music) A romanza, or sentimental ballad.


lexentry: eng/romanize__Verb__1
written_rep: romanize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: latynizować
sense_list:
(transitive) To put letters or words written in another writing system into the Latin (Roman) alphabet.


lexentry: eng/romantic__Adjective__1
written_rep: romantic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: romantyczny
sense_list:
Fantastic, unrealistic (of an idea etc.); fanciful, sentimental, impractical (of a person). [from 17th c.] | Having the qualities of romance (in the sense of something appealing deeply to the imagination); invoking on a powerfully sentimental idea of life; evocative, atmospheric. [from 17th c.] | Pertaining to an idealised form of love (originally, as might be felt by the heroes of a romance); conducive to romance; loving, affectionate. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/romantic__Noun__1
written_rep: romantic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: romantyczka | romantyk
sense_list:
A person with romantic character (a character like those of the knights in a mythic romance). | A person who is behaving romantically (in a manner befitting someone who feels an idealized form of love).


lexentry: eng/romantic_comedy__Noun__1
written_rep: romantic comedy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: komedia romantyczna
sense_list:
(uncountable) A genre of fiction, especially film, that presents love stories in a humorous and light-hearted way.


lexentry: eng/romp__Noun__1
written_rep: romp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: swawola
sense_list:
A period of boisterous play, a frolic; now especially, a bout of sexual activity, especially when illicit. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/rondel__Noun__1
written_rep: rondel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: sztylet tarczkowy
sense_list:
(historical) A long thin medieval dagger with a circular guard and a circular pommel (hence the name).


lexentry: eng/rood_screen__Noun__1
written_rep: rood screen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lektorium
sense_list:
(architecture, Christianity) A carved screen that separated the chancel and nave in a medieval church; it originally carried a large crucifix; an altar screen.


lexentry: eng/rooibos__Noun__1
written_rep: rooibos
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rooibos
sense_list:
The tisane (herbal tea) made from this plant. | (South Africa) Various shrubs of the genus Combretum.


lexentry: eng/rook__Noun__2
written_rep: rook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wieża
sense_list:
(chess) A piece shaped like a castle tower, that can be moved only up, down, left or right (but not diagonally) or in castling.


lexentry: eng/room_service__Noun__1
written_rep: room service
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obsługa hotelowa
sense_list:
The provision of food, drink, and other refreshments to a guest room. | The department of a hotel that provides such a service.


lexentry: eng/room_temperature__Noun__1
written_rep: room temperature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: temperatura pokojowa
sense_list:
A normal temperature of a room in which people live; typically 20 to 23°C (68 to 73°F); neither heated nor cooled.


lexentry: eng/rooming_house__Noun__1
written_rep: rooming house
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akademik
sense_list:
A house which lets out furnished apartments. | A building with small, basic, inexpensive apartments for rent, often without en-suite bathrooms.


lexentry: eng/rooster__Noun__1
written_rep: rooster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kogut | kur | kokot
sense_list:
(North America, Kent, Australia, NZ) A male domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) or other gallinaceous bird.


lexentry: eng/root__Noun__1
written_rep: root
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: korzeń | pierwiastek
sense_list:
The part of a plant, generally underground, that anchors and supports the plant body, absorbs and stores water and nutrients, and in some plants is able to perform vegetative reproduction. | The part of a tooth extending into the bone holding the tooth in place. | (graph theory, computing) The single node of a tree that has no parent. | (philology) A word from which another word or words are derived.


lexentry: eng/root__Noun__1
written_rep: root
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: pierwiastek | korzeń
sense_list:
(arithmetic) Of a number or expression, a number which, when raised to a specified power, yields the specified number or expression.


lexentry: eng/root__Noun__1
written_rep: root
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: rdzeń | podstawa słowotwórcza | korzeń
sense_list:
(linguistic morphology) The primary lexical unit of a word, which carries the most significant aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents. Inflectional stems often derive from roots.


lexentry: eng/root__Noun__1
written_rep: root
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 18
trans_list: katalog główny
sense_list:
(computing) The highest directory of a directory structure which may contain both files and subdirectories.


lexentry: eng/root_mean_square__Noun__1
written_rep: root mean square
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: średnia kwadratowa
sense_list:
(mathematics, often, attributive) The square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of a set of numbers or values.


lexentry: eng/rootstock__Noun__1
written_rep: rootstock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podkładka
sense_list:
(agriculture) A healthy and vigorous-rooted plant that is used in grafting, most commonly as a sound base to support a scion that bears desirable fruit in orchard culture.


lexentry: eng/rope__Noun__1
written_rep: rope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lina | sznur | powróz
sense_list:
(uncountable) Thick strings, yarn, monofilaments, metal wires, or strands of other cordage that are twisted together to form a stronger line.


lexentry: eng/rope__Noun__1
written_rep: rope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: lina | sznur
sense_list:
(computer science) A data structure resembling a string, using a concatenation tree in which each leaf represents a character.


lexentry: eng/rorqual__Noun__1
written_rep: rorqual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fałdowiec
sense_list:
Any whale of family Balaenopteridae, with longitudinal skin folds running from below the mouth to the navel, allowing the capacity of the mouth to expand greatly when feeding.


lexentry: eng/rosary__Noun__1
written_rep: rosary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: różaniec
sense_list:
Prayer beads, a string of beads used to keep track of repetitions in prayer, particularly in the Roman Catholic Marian prayer "Hail Mary" (Ave Maria) | (by extension) A series or collection of thoughts, literary pieces, etc. intended for similar contemplation.


lexentry: eng/rose-colored_glasses__Noun__1
written_rep: rose-colored glasses
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: różowe okulary
sense_list:
(idiomatic) An optimistic perception of something; a positive opinion; seeing something in a positive way, often thinking of it as better than it actually is.


lexentry: eng/rose__Noun__1
written_rep: rose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: róża
sense_list:
A shrub of the genus Rosa, with red, pink, white or yellow flowers. | A flower of the rose plant. | Something resembling a rose flower.


lexentry: eng/rose_fish__Noun__1
written_rep: rose fish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karmazyn
sense_list:
A large marine food fish, of species Sebastes norvegicus, that lives off the North Atlantic coasts of Europe and North America.


lexentry: eng/rose_window__Noun__1
written_rep: rose window
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozeta | różyca
sense_list:
Any circular window, especially one of those found in churches of the Gothic architectural style and divided into segments by stone mullions and tracery.


lexentry: eng/rosehip__Noun__1
written_rep: rosehip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzika róża | psia róża | róża dzika | sypel | szypszyna
sense_list:
The fleshy false fruit of a wild rose plant (e.g. sweetbrier, dog rose, burnet rose, etc.), containing the achenes or true fruits.


lexentry: eng/rosemary__Noun__1
written_rep: rosemary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozmaryn | rozmaryn lekarski
sense_list:
A shrub, Salvia rosmarinus (formerly Rosmarinus officinalis), that originates from Europe and Asia Minor and produces a fragrant herb used in cooking and perfumes.


lexentry: eng/roseola_infantum__Noun__1
written_rep: roseola infantum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rumień nagły | trzydniówka
sense_list:
(disease) A childhood disease caused by human herpesvirus, and characterised by a high-grade fever and a rash which appears as the fever is seemingly resolving.


lexentry: eng/rosette__Noun__1
written_rep: rosette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozeta
sense_list:
An imitation of a rose by means of ribbon or other material, used especially as an ornament or a badge. | (architecture) An ornament in the form of a rose or roundel, much used in decoration.


lexentry: eng/rosewater__Noun__1
written_rep: rosewater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: woda różana
sense_list:
A liquid produced by steeping rose petals in water, used as a coloring agent and flavoring ingredient in certain foods.


lexentry: eng/rosewood__Noun__1
written_rep: rosewood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palisander
sense_list:
The fragrant wood of Dalbergia nigra, a Brazilian tree in the legume family, which has a sweet smell. | Any of several dozen woods, resembling that of Dalbergia nigra in some respect.


lexentry: eng/rosin__Noun__1
written_rep: rosin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kalafonia
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) A solid form of resin, obtained from liquid resin by vaporizing its volatile components.


lexentry: eng/roster__Noun__1
written_rep: roster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: diagram
sense_list:
A list of individuals or groups, usually for an organization of some kind such as military officers and enlisted personnel enrolled in a particular unit; a muster roll; a sports team, with the names of players who are eligible to be placed in the lineup for a particular game; or a list of students officially enrolled in a school or class.


lexentry: eng/rotary_dial__Noun__1
written_rep: rotary dial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tarcza numerowa
sense_list:
a disk with finger holes, used to enter numbers by rotating the disk forward and letting it slide back


lexentry: eng/rotavirus__Noun__1
written_rep: rotavirus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rotawirus
sense_list:
Any of a group of wheel-shaped viruses, of the genus Rotavirus, that causes gastroenteritis and diarrhea in children and animals.


lexentry: eng/rotifer__Noun__1
written_rep: rotifer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wrotek
sense_list:
Any of many minute aquatic multicellular organisms, of the phylum Rotifera, that have a ring of cilia resembling a wheel.


lexentry: eng/rotor__Noun__1
written_rep: rotor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rotor | wirnik
sense_list:
A rotating part of a mechanical device; for example, in an electric motor, generator, alternator, or pump.


lexentry: eng/rotten_borough__Noun__1
written_rep: rotten borough
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zgniłe miasteczko
sense_list:
(historical) A parliamentary borough that was represented in Parliament although the number of voters had diminished so greatly that they were largely controlled by the main landowner; such boroughs were abolished in the 19th century. [from mid 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/rotund__Adjective__1
written_rep: rotund
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okrągły
sense_list:
Having a round, spherical or curved shape; circular; orbicular. | Having a round body shape; portly or pudgy; obese.


lexentry: eng/rotunda__Noun__1
written_rep: rotunda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rotunda
sense_list:
(architecture) A round building, usually small, often with a dome. | (typography, frequently, capitalized) A Gothic typeface used in early printed books in Northern Italy, based on a rounded script developed in the 13th cent.; the manuscript hand on which this typeface was based.


lexentry: eng/rouille__Noun__1
written_rep: rouille
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rouille
sense_list:
(cooking) A type of sauce from Provence, France, often served with fish dishes, consisting of egg yolk and olive oil with breadcrumbs, chili peppers, garlic, and saffron.


lexentry: eng/roulette__Noun__1
written_rep: roulette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ruletka
sense_list:
(uncountable) A game of chance in which a small ball is made to move round rapidly on a circle divided off into numbered (usually red and black) spaces. When the ball stops, it indicates the result of a variety of wagers permitted by the game.


lexentry: eng/round-the-clock__Adjective__1
written_rep: round-the-clock
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: całodobowy | dwudziestoczterogodzinny
sense_list:
Continuous; incessant; without interruption; all day long, 24 hours per day; nonstop: from the concept that it happens while the hands of the clock go all the way around.


lexentry: eng/round__Adjective__1
written_rep: round
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okrągły
sense_list:
Circular or cylindrical; having a circular cross-section in one direction. | (physical) Of shape: | Complete, whole, not lacking. | (of a number) Convenient for rounding other numbers to; for example, ending in a zero.


lexentry: eng/round__Noun__1
written_rep: round
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: nabój | pocisk
sense_list:
A single individual portion or dose of medicine. | A firearm cartridge, bullet, or any individual ammunition projectile. Originally referring to the spherical projectile ball of a smoothbore firearm. Compare round shot and solid shot.


lexentry: eng/round__Noun__1
written_rep: round
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: runda
sense_list:
(sports) One of the specified pre-determined segments of the total time of a sport event, such as a boxing or wrestling match, during which contestants compete before being signaled to stop. | A series of changes or events ending where it began; a series of like events recurring in continuance; a cycle; a periodical revolution.


lexentry: eng/round__Verb__1
written_rep: round
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: zaokrąglać | zaokrąglić
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To approximate (a number, especially a decimal number) by the closest whole number, or some other close number, especially a whole number of hundreds, thousands, etc.; see also round down, round up.


lexentry: eng/round_off__Verb__1
written_rep: round off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyokrąglać | wyokrąglić | zaokrąglać | zaokrąglić
sense_list:
(transitive) To change the shape of (an object) to make it smoother and especially more circular or ovoid.


lexentry: eng/round_off__Verb__1
written_rep: round off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zaokrąglać | zaokrąglić
sense_list:
(mathematics, transitive, intransitive) To change (a number) to an approximation having fewer significant digits.


lexentry: eng/round_robin__Noun__1
written_rep: round robin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kokosz
sense_list:
(originally, US, sports, often, attributive) The part of a tournament in which every player or team competes against each of the others in turn. | A letter or piece of writing which is circulated among members of a group, to which each person makes a contribution before sending it to another person; also, a packet of letters circulated regularly in a fixed order among a group (often family members), whereby each person replaces their previous contribution with a new letter, and then sends the packet to the next recipient.


lexentry: eng/round_trip__Noun__1
written_rep: round trip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podróż w obie strony
sense_list:
(often, figurative, travel) A trip from one destination to another and then returning to the starting location.


lexentry: eng/round_up__Verb__1
written_rep: round up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zaokrąglać
sense_list:
(transitive, arithmetic) To round (a number) to the smallest integer that is not less than it, or to some other greater value, especially a whole number of hundreds, thousands, etc.


lexentry: eng/roundabout__Noun__1
written_rep: roundabout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rondo
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, New Zealand, Ireland, Canada, Australia, and) A road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island.


lexentry: eng/roundabout__Noun__1
written_rep: roundabout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: karuzela
sense_list:
(chiefly, British) A horizontal wheel which rotates around a central axis when pushed and on which children ride, often found in parks as a children's play apparatus.


lexentry: eng/rounded__Adjective__1
written_rep: rounded
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaokrąglony
sense_list:
Made into a circle or sphere. | (linguistics, of a vowel etc.) Pronounced with the lips drawn together.


lexentry: eng/rounding__Noun__1
written_rep: rounding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zaokrąglanie
sense_list:
The act of making anything round, as the lips in pronouncing some vowels. | In bookbinding, the shaping of the folded and sewed sheets into a convex form at the back.


lexentry: eng/roundoff__Noun__1
written_rep: roundoff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rundak
sense_list:
(gymnastics) A move similar to a cartwheel but ending with the legs together and the gymnast facing in the opposite direction.


lexentry: eng/roundpole_fence__Noun__1
written_rep: roundpole fence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ogrodzenie
sense_list:
A kind of wooden fence, typical of the Scandinavian countryside, usually made from unsplit young trees.


lexentry: eng/roustabout__Noun__1
written_rep: roustabout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: portowiec | wyrobnik
sense_list:
(chiefly, US) An unskilled laborer, especially at an oilfield, at a circus or on a ship. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/rout__Noun__2
written_rep: rout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozgromienie
sense_list:
(originally, military) The act of completely defeating an army or other enemy force, causing it to retreat in a disorganized manner; (by extension) in politics, sport, etc.: a convincing defeat; a thrashing, a trouncing.


lexentry: eng/route__Verb__1
written_rep: route
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: trasować
sense_list:
(Internet) to connect two local area networks, thereby forming an internet. | (computing, transitive) To send (information) through a router.


lexentry: eng/route_of_administration__Noun__1
written_rep: route of administration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: droga podania
sense_list:
(pharmacology, toxicology) The path by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body.


lexentry: eng/router__Noun__1
written_rep: router
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: router | ruter | trasownik
sense_list:
(Internet) A device that connects local area networks to form a larger internet by, at minimum, selectively passing those datagrams having a destination IP address to the network which is able to deliver them to their destination; a network gateway.


lexentry: eng/routineness__Noun__1
written_rep: routineness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: codziennie
sense_list:
The state or quality of being routine, of possessing the traits of being quotidian, and repeating a pattern regularly


lexentry: eng/routing__Noun__1
written_rep: routing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: routing
sense_list:
(networking) A method of finding paths from origins to destinations in a network such as the Internet, along which information can be passed.


lexentry: eng/row__Noun__1
written_rep: row
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rząd | szereg | wiersz
sense_list:
A line of objects, often regularly spaced, such as seats in a theatre, vegetable plants in a garden, etc.


lexentry: eng/rowan__Noun__1
written_rep: rowan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: jarzębina | jarząb
sense_list:
Any of various small deciduous trees or shrubs of genus Sorbus, belonging to the rose family, with pinnate leaves, corymbs of white flowers, and usually with orange-red berries.


lexentry: eng/rowanberry__Noun__1
written_rep: rowanberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jarzębina
sense_list:
The small spherical fruits of the rowan or European rowan (Sorbus aucuparia), a species of rowan (Sorbus subg. Sorbus), native to most of Europe except for the far south, and northern Asia; the fruits are bitter and inedible if uncooked, but may be used in the making of jellies and jams.


lexentry: eng/rowlock__Noun__1
written_rep: rowlock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dulka
sense_list:
(nautical, chiefly, British) A usually U-shaped pivot attached to the gunwale (outrigger in a sport boat) of a boat that supports and guides an oar, and provides a fulcrum for rowing; an oarlock.


lexentry: eng/royal_flush__Noun__1
written_rep: royal flush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poker królewski
sense_list:
(poker) An ace-high straight flush; a hand consisting of the cards A, K, Q, J, 10, of the same suit and the rarest and strongest hand in poker.


lexentry: eng/royal_jelly__Noun__1
written_rep: royal jelly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mleczko pszczele
sense_list:
A substance secreted by honey bees to aid in the development of immature or young bees, supplied in extra measure to those young that will become queen bees.


lexentry: eng/royal_we__Noun__1
written_rep: royal we
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pluralis majestatis
sense_list:
The first-person plural pronoun we as traditionally used by a sovereign in formal speech to refer to themselves in their role as the monarch.


lexentry: eng/royalism__Noun__1
written_rep: royalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: realizm
sense_list:
Impassioned allegiance to or advocacy of the establishment, maintenance, and/or interests of a particular king, royal house, or kingly dynasty; sometimes extended to the same of a non-royal (i.e., grand ducal, imperial, or other) family or sovereign; often contrasted with monarchism.


lexentry: eng/royalty__Noun__1
written_rep: royalty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: królewskość
sense_list:
A royal right or prerogative, such as the exploitation of a natural resource; the granting of such a right; payment received for such a right.


lexentry: eng/royalty__Noun__1
written_rep: royalty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: tantiema
sense_list:
The payment received by an owner of real property for exploitation of mineral rights in the property. | (by extension) Payment made to a writer, composer, inventor etc for the sale or use of intellectual property, invention etc.


lexentry: eng/rub__Verb__1
written_rep: rub
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trzeć
sense_list:
(transitive) To move (one object) while maintaining contact with another object over some area, with pressure and friction.


lexentry: eng/rub_off_on__Verb__1
written_rep: rub off on
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: farbować
sense_list:
(idiomatic, transitive, of behavior, beliefs, etc.) To be acquired by or transferred to (someone) as a result of regular exposure.


lexentry: eng/rub_out__Verb__1
written_rep: rub out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: usuwać
sense_list:
(transitive) To delete or erase or remove (something) by rubbing, especially with a rubber (eraser).


lexentry: eng/rubber__Noun__1
written_rep: rubber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: guma
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) Pliable material derived from the sap of the rubber tree; a hydrocarbon polymer of isoprene. | (uncountable, countable) Synthetic materials with the same properties as natural rubber.


lexentry: eng/rubber_stamp__Noun__1
written_rep: rubber stamp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stempel | pieczątka
sense_list:
A piece of rubber or similar material with a design or text carved or molded for the purpose of transferring ink or dye to imprint that design on another object.


lexentry: eng/rubberneck__Verb__1
written_rep: rubberneck
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gapić się
sense_list:
To watch by craning the neck (as though it were made of rubber), especially if the observer and observed are in motion relative to each other.


lexentry: eng/rubbernecker__Noun__1
written_rep: rubbernecker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gap | gapowicz | gapowiczka
sense_list:
(originally, US) A person who rubbernecks; someone who cranes their neck as though it were made of rubber to see something (such as a tourist attraction) or to watch an event (such as an accident); a rubberneck.


lexentry: eng/rubbish__Verb__1
written_rep: rubbish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krytykować
sense_list:
(transitive, chiefly, UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, colloquial) To criticize, to denigrate, to denounce, to disparage. [from c. 1950s (Australia, New Zealand)]


lexentry: eng/rubella__Noun__1
written_rep: rubella
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: różyczka | kur
sense_list:
(pathology) A mild disease caused by the Rubella virus infecting the respiratory tract, and characterised by a rash of pink dots, fever and swollen lymph nodes.


lexentry: eng/rubidium__Noun__1
written_rep: rubidium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rubid
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Rb) with an atomic number of 37. It is a soft, highly reactive alkali metal.


lexentry: eng/ruble__Noun__1
written_rep: ruble
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rubel
sense_list:
The monetary unit of Russia, Belarus and Transnistria equal to 100 kopeks (Russian: копе́йка, Belarusian: капе́йка). The Russian ruble's symbol is ₽.


lexentry: eng/ruby__Noun__1
written_rep: ruby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: rubin
sense_list:
(uncountable, printing, UK, dated) The size of type between pearl and nonpareil, standardized as 5½-point.


lexentry: eng/rudder__Noun__1
written_rep: rudder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ster
sense_list:
(nautical) An underwater vane used to steer a vessel. The rudder is controlled by means of a wheel, tiller or other apparatus (modern vessels can be controlled even with a joystick or an autopilot).


lexentry: eng/rudder__Noun__1
written_rep: rudder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ster kierunku | ster
sense_list:
(aeronautics) A control surface on the vertical stabilizer of a fixed-wing aircraft or an autogyro. On some craft, the entire vertical stabilizer comprises the rudder. The rudder is controlled by foot-operated control pedals.


lexentry: eng/rue__Noun__2
written_rep: rue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ruta
sense_list:
Any of various perennial shrubs of the genus Ruta, especially the herb Ruta graveolens (common rue), formerly used in medicines.


lexentry: eng/ruff__Noun__1
written_rep: ruff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kryza | kreza
sense_list:
A circular frill or ruffle on a garment, especially a starched, fluted frill at the neck in Elizabethan and Jacobean England (1560s–1620s).


lexentry: eng/ruff__Noun__1
written_rep: ruff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: batalion | bojownik batalion
sense_list:
Philomachus pugnax (syn. Calidris pugnax), a gregarious, medium-sized wading bird of Eurasia; specifically, a male of the species which develops a distinctive ruff of feathers and ear tufts during mating season (the female is called a reeve).


lexentry: eng/ruffle__Noun__1
written_rep: ruffle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: falbana
sense_list:
(zoology) The connected series of large egg capsules, or oothecae, of several species of American marine gastropods of the genus Fulgur.


lexentry: eng/rufous-tailed_hawk__Noun__1
written_rep: rufous-tailed hawk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: myszołów patagoński
sense_list:
Buteo ventralis, a species of bird of prey in the Accipitridae family, found in southern Argentina and Chile


lexentry: eng/rugby__Noun__1
written_rep: rugby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rugby
sense_list:
A form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar.


lexentry: eng/ruin__Noun__1
written_rep: ruin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ruina
sense_list:
(countable, sometimes, in the plural) The remains of a destroyed or dilapidated construction, such as a house or castle. | (uncountable) The state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed. | (uncountable) Something that leads to serious trouble or destruction.


lexentry: eng/rule_of_engagement__Noun__1
written_rep: rule of engagement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepisy angażowania
sense_list:
(military, law enforcement, chiefly, in the plural) An internal rule among a military, police, etc. force defining the circumstances in which and manner with which to use force.


lexentry: eng/rule_of_law__Noun__1
written_rep: rule of law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: praworządność
sense_list:
(legal, often, capitalized) The doctrine that no individual is above the law and that everyone must answer to it.


lexentry: eng/rule_of_three__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: rule of three
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reguła trzech
sense_list:
(mathematics, _, education) A rule stating that, if two ratios are equal, then the denominator of the second equals its numerator times the reciprocal of the first ratio: if \frac ab=\frac cd then d=\frac{bc}a.


lexentry: eng/rule_of_thumb__Noun__1
written_rep: rule of thumb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ogólna zasada
sense_list:
A general guideline, rather than a strict rule; an approximate measure or means of reckoning based on experience or common knowledge.


lexentry: eng/ruler__Noun__1
written_rep: ruler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: linijka
sense_list:
A (usually rigid), flat, rectangular measuring or drawing device with graduations in units of measurement; a straightedge with markings.


lexentry: eng/ruler__Noun__1
written_rep: ruler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: władca | władczyni | włodarz
sense_list:
A person who rules or governs; someone or something that exercises dominion or controlling power over others.


lexentry: eng/rumble_strip__Noun__1
written_rep: rumble strip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ścieżka dźwiękowa
sense_list:
A pattern of variation in a road's surface designed to alert inattentive drivers to potential danger by causing a tactile vibration and audible rumbling if they veer out of their lane.


lexentry: eng/ruminate__Verb__1
written_rep: ruminate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeżuwać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To chew cud. (Said of ruminants.) Involves regurgitating partially digested food from the rumen. | (transitive) To meditate or ponder over; to muse on.


lexentry: eng/rummage__Verb__1
written_rep: rummage
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bobrować
sense_list:
(transitive, nautical) To search a vessel for smuggled goods. | (intransitive) To hastily search for something in a confined space and among many items by carelessly turning things over or pushing things aside.


lexentry: eng/rummer__Noun__1
written_rep: rummer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rzymianin
sense_list:
A large drinking-glass for alcoholic drinks, chiefly wine, typically with a short or heavy stem. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/rumor__Noun__1
written_rep: rumor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: plotka | pogłoska
sense_list:
(countable) A statement or claim of questionable accuracy, from no known reliable source, usually spread by word of mouth.


lexentry: eng/run__Verb__1
written_rep: run
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 32
trans_list: biec | biegać
sense_list:
To have a legal course; to be attached; to continue in force, effect, or operation; to follow; to go in company.


lexentry: eng/run_after__Verb__1
written_rep: run after
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biegać
sense_list:
To follow quickly, often in an effort to catch or catch up with (someone or something). | To make a determined effort to win someone's affections or to have a sexual relationship with them.


lexentry: eng/run_around__Verb__1
written_rep: run around
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: biegać
sense_list:
(idiomatic, intransitive) To be very busy doing many different things. | (slang) To cheat; to be unfaithful to a romantic partner.


lexentry: eng/run_in_the_family__Verb__1
written_rep: run in the family
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyssać z mlekiem matki
sense_list:
(idiomatic, somewhat derogatory) To be a characteristic feature that is observed in several generations of a family.


lexentry: eng/run_through__Verb__1
written_rep: run through
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: narzucić
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic) To pervade, of a quality that is characteristic of a group, organisation, or system.


lexentry: eng/runaway__Adjective__1
written_rep: runaway
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: dysydent
sense_list:
(informal) Deserting or revolting against one's group, duties, expected conduct, or the like, especially to establish or join a rival group, change one's life drastically, etc.


lexentry: eng/runaway__Noun__1
written_rep: runaway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zbieg
sense_list:
A person or animal that runs away or has run away; a person, animal, or organization that escapes captivity or restrictions.


lexentry: eng/rune__Noun__1
written_rep: rune
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: runa
sense_list:
A letter, or character, used in the written language of various ancient Germanic peoples, especially the Scandinavians and the Anglo-Saxons. | A letter or mark used as a mystical or magic symbol.


lexentry: eng/runner__Noun__1
written_rep: runner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biegacz | biegaczka
sense_list:
(cricket) A player who runs for a batsman who is too injured to run; he is dressed exactly as the injured batsman, and carries a bat. | A person who moves, on foot, at a fast pace, especially an athlete.


lexentry: eng/running__Noun__1
written_rep: running
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bieg | bieganie
sense_list:
The action of the verb to run. | (physics) The dependence of measured value, typically a coupling constant, on the energy scale at which it is probed due to higher-order interaction terms and associated renormalization issues becoming relevant; metaphorically, the "running" of the measurement from its limiting macroscopic value.


lexentry: eng/running_dog__Noun__1
written_rep: running dog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sługa
sense_list:
(pejorative) A lackey; a lapdog; an unprincipled person who helps or flatters other, more powerful and often evil people.


lexentry: eng/running_in__Noun__1
written_rep: running in
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: docieranie (silnika)
sense_list:
The operating of a new engine (especially that of a motor vehicle) at less than its normal speed until proper working has been established.


lexentry: eng/running_the_gauntlet__Noun__1
written_rep: running the gauntlet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: praszczęta
sense_list:
A form of physical punishment by which a person is compelled to run through a double line of soldiers who attempt to strike him as they pass


lexentry: eng/runoff__Noun__1
written_rep: runoff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: balotaż
sense_list:
(politics) A second or further round of an indecisive election, after other candidates (often all but the last two) have been eliminated.


lexentry: eng/runway__Noun__1
written_rep: runway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wybieg
sense_list:
A narrow walkway (often on a platform) extending from a stage on which people walk, especially one used by models during fashion shows.


lexentry: eng/rupee__Noun__1
written_rep: rupee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rupia
sense_list:
The common name for the monetary currencies used in modern India, Mauritius, Nepal, Pakistan, the Seychelles, or Sri Lanka. | (video games) The primary currency of Hyrule.


lexentry: eng/ruralization__Noun__1
written_rep: ruralization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ruralizacja
sense_list:
the process of making rural. | the change in a country or region when its population migrates from urban to rural areas | the process of the formation of villages and the decline of big cities


lexentry: eng/rush__Verb__1
written_rep: rush
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biec | spieszyć się
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To hurry; to perform a task with great haste, often not properly or without thinking carefully.


lexentry: eng/rush_hour__Noun__1
written_rep: rush hour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: godziny szczytu
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The times of the day when traffic jams are commonplace, due mainly to people commuting to or from work.


lexentry: eng/rushnyk__Noun__1
written_rep: rushnyk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ręcznik
sense_list:
A cloth/towel embroidered with symbols and cryptograms of the ancient world, used in Eastern Slavic ceremonies.


lexentry: eng/rust__Noun__1
written_rep: rust
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rdza
sense_list:
The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation. | A reddish-brown color. | A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus.


lexentry: eng/rusticate__Verb__1
written_rep: rusticate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: eksmatrykulować
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, Oxbridge, Durham University) To be suspended or expelled temporarily from the university, either compulsorily or voluntarily.


lexentry: eng/rusty__Adjective__1
written_rep: rusty
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zardzewiały
sense_list:
Lacking recent experience, out of practice, especially with respect to a skill or activity. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/rut__Noun__2
written_rep: rut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koleina
sense_list:
A furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground, as from the passage of many wheels along a road. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/rutile__Noun__1
written_rep: rutile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rutyl
sense_list:
(mineral) The most frequent of the three polymorphs of titanium dioxide, crystalizing in the tetragonal system, TiO2.


lexentry: eng/rutter__Noun__2
written_rep: rutter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: książka z instrukcjami
sense_list:
(historical) A set of instructions for navigating a course at sea; a pilot's book or seaman's guide. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/rösti__Noun__1
written_rep: rösti
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: roesti | rösti
sense_list:
A traditional breakfast dish in Germanophone Switzerland (originally from Bern canton) made from potatoes, fried in a pan with butter or fat and widely varying other ingredients such as bacon, onions, cheese, apples or fresh herbs.


lexentry: eng/sable__Noun__1
written_rep: sable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: soból
sense_list:
(countable) A small carnivorous mammal of the Old World that resembles a weasel, Martes zibellina, from cold regions in Eurasia and the North Pacific islands, valued for its dark brown fur (Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/sable__Noun__1
written_rep: sable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: czerń
sense_list:
(tincture) A black colour on a coat of arms (Wikipedia). | (countable, and, uncountable) A dark brown colour, resembling the fur of some sables.


lexentry: eng/sabot__Noun__1
written_rep: sabot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sabot | drewniak
sense_list:
A carrier around a projectile in a firearm, cannon or other type of artillery piece that precisely holds the projectile within the barrel.


lexentry: eng/sabotage__Noun__1
written_rep: sabotage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sabotaż | dywersja | szkodzenie
sense_list:
A deliberate action aimed at weakening someone (or something, a nation, etc) or preventing them from being successful, through subversion, obstruction, disruption, and/or destruction.


lexentry: eng/saboteur__Noun__1
written_rep: saboteur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sabotażysta | dywersant | dywersantka | sabotażystka
sense_list:
A person who intentionally causes the destruction of property in order to hinder the efforts of their enemy.


lexentry: eng/sabre-toothed_tiger__Noun__1
written_rep: sabre-toothed tiger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tygrys szablozębny
sense_list:
Any of numerous species of extinct cat-like mammals, of the †Machairodontinae subfamily of the Felidae.


lexentry: eng/sabre__Noun__1
written_rep: sabre
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szabla
sense_list:
(British spelling, Canadian spelling) A light sword, sharp along the front edge, part of the back edge, and at the point. | (British spelling, Canadian spelling, fencing) A modern fencing sword modeled after the sabre.


lexentry: eng/saccharide__Noun__1
written_rep: saccharide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sacharyd
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) The unit structure of carbohydrates, of general formula CnH2nOn. Either the simple sugars or polymers such as starch and cellulose. The saccharides exist in either a ring or short chain conformation, and typically contain five or six carbon atoms.


lexentry: eng/saccharin__Noun__1
written_rep: saccharin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sacharyna
sense_list:
(chemistry) A white, crystalline powder, C7H5NO3S, used as an artificial sweetener in food products.


lexentry: eng/saccharine__Adjective__1
written_rep: saccharine
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ckliwy
sense_list:
(figurative, derogatory) Excessively sweet in action or disposition, especially if romantic or sentimental to the point of ridiculousness; sickly sweet, syrupy.


lexentry: eng/saccule__Noun__1
written_rep: saccule
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: woreczek
sense_list:
(anatomy) The smaller of the two fluid-filled sacs forming part of the labyrinth of the inner ear (the other being the utricle). It contains a region of hair cells and otoliths which send signals to the brain concerning the orientation of the head.


lexentry: eng/sachet__Noun__1
written_rep: sachet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: saszetka
sense_list:
(cooking) A cheesecloth bag of herbs and/or spices added during cooking and then removed before serving. | A small, sealed packet containing a single-use quantity of any material.


lexentry: eng/sack__Noun__1
written_rep: sack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: worek
sense_list:
A bag; especially a large bag of strong, coarse material for storage and handling of various commodities, such as potatoes, coal, coffee; or, a bag with handles used at a supermarket, a grocery sack; or, a small bag for small items, a satchel.


lexentry: eng/sack_race__Noun__1
written_rep: sack race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyścig w workach
sense_list:
(games, racing) A race in which competitors stand in sacks or similar items and try to be the first to jump to the finish line.


lexentry: eng/sackbut__Noun__1
written_rep: sackbut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: puzon
sense_list:
(music) A brass instrument from the Renaissance and Baroque Eras, and an ancestor of the modern trombone. It was derived from the medieval slide trumpet.


lexentry: eng/sacrament__Noun__1
written_rep: sacrament
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sakrament
sense_list:
(Christianity) A sacred act and the attendant ceremony, considered (theology) an outward sign of divine grace.


lexentry: eng/sacramental__Noun__1
written_rep: sacramental
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sakramentalia
sense_list:
(Christianity, chiefly, Roman Catholicism) An object (such as holy water or a crucifix) or an action (such as making the sign of the cross) which is regarded as encouraging devotion and thus spiritually aiding the person who uses it.


lexentry: eng/sacramentary__Noun__1
written_rep: sacramentary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sakramentarz
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) An ancient book of the Roman Catholic Church, containing the rites for Mass, the sacraments, etc.


lexentry: eng/sacred__Adjective__1
written_rep: sacred
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: święty
sense_list:
Characterized by solemn religious ceremony or religious use, especially, in a positive sense; consecrated, made holy.


lexentry: eng/sacred_cow__Noun__1
written_rep: sacred cow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: święta krowa
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something which cannot be tampered with, or criticized, for fear of public outcry. A person, institution, belief system, etc. which, for no reason other than the demands of established social etiquette or popular opinion, should be accorded respect or reverence, and not touched, handled or examined too closely.


lexentry: eng/sacrifice__Noun__1
written_rep: sacrifice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ofiara
sense_list:
A human being or an animal, or a physical object or immaterial thing (see sense 1.3), offered to a deity. | Originally, the killing (and often burning) of a human being or an animal as an offering to a deity; later, also the offering of an object to a deity.


lexentry: eng/sacrifice__Noun__1
written_rep: sacrifice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ofiara | poświęcenie
sense_list:
The destruction or surrender of anything for the sake of something else regarded as more urgent or valuable; also, the thing destroyed or surrendered for this purpose.


lexentry: eng/sacrifice__Verb__1
written_rep: sacrifice
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ofiarować | złożyć w ofierze
sense_list:
(religion) To offer (a human being or an animal, or an object) to a deity. | To destroy or kill (a human being or an animal); specifically (science) , to kill (an animal) for a scientific experiment or test. | (religion) To offer a human being or an animal, or an object, to a deity.


lexentry: eng/sacrifice__Verb__1
written_rep: sacrifice
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poświęcać | poświęcić
sense_list:
(business, slang, dated) To sell (something) at less than its value, thus incurring a monetary loss.


lexentry: eng/sacrifice__Verb__1
written_rep: sacrifice
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poświęcić | poświęcać
sense_list:
To destroy or surrender (something) for the sake of something else regarded as more urgent or valuable.


lexentry: eng/sacrifice_bunt__Noun__1
written_rep: sacrifice bunt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ofiara
sense_list:
(baseball) A play in which the batter intentionally hits the ball softly with a hands-spread batting stance at the cost of an out to advance one or more runners.


lexentry: eng/sacrificial_lamb__Noun__1
written_rep: sacrificial lamb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kozioł ofiarny
sense_list:
(figurative, by extension) A person who is sacrificed (not literally) for the greater good of some cause.


lexentry: eng/sacristy__Noun__1
written_rep: sacristy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakrystia
sense_list:
A room in a church where sacred vessels, books, vestments, etc. are kept. Sometimes also used by clergy to prepare for worship or for meetings.


lexentry: eng/sacrum__Noun__1
written_rep: sacrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krzyż | kość krzyżowa
sense_list:
(anatomy) A large triangular bone at the base of the spine, located between the two ilia (wings of the pelvis) and formed from vertebrae that fuse in adulthood.


lexentry: eng/saddle__Noun__1
written_rep: saddle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siodło
sense_list:
A seat for a rider, typically made of leather and raised in the front and rear, placed on the back of a horse or other animal, and secured by a strap around the animal's body.


lexentry: eng/saddle__Verb__1
written_rep: saddle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siodłać | osiodłać
sense_list:
(obsolete) To put something on to (another thing) like a saddle on an animal. | To put (something) on to another thing like a saddle on an animal.


lexentry: eng/saddle_point__Noun__1
written_rep: saddle point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: punkt siodłowy
sense_list:
(geometry) A point in the range of a smooth function, every neighbourhood of which contains points on each side of its tangent plane.


lexentry: eng/saddlebag__Noun__1
written_rep: saddlebag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: juk
sense_list:
A covered pouch, usually one of a pair, laid across the back of a horse, donkey, or mule behind its saddle, or hanging over the rear wheel of a motorcycle; often made of leather or (on a motorcycle) a rigid material.


lexentry: eng/sadhu__Noun__1
written_rep: sadhu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sadhu
sense_list:
(Hinduism) An ascetic or practitioner of yoga (yogi) who has given up pursuit of the first three Hindu goals of life: kama (enjoyment), artha (practical objectives) and even dharma (duty).


lexentry: eng/sadism__Noun__1
written_rep: sadism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sadyzm
sense_list:
Achievement of sexual gratification by inflicting pain or humiliation on others, or watching pain or humiliation inflicted on others. | (loosely) Deliberate or wanton cruelty, either mental or physical, to other people, or to animals, regardless of whether for (sexual) gratification.


lexentry: eng/sadomasochism__Noun__1
written_rep: sadomasochism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sadomasochizm
sense_list:
The practices of sadism and masochism collectively, usually in reference to consensual practices within the BDSM community.


lexentry: eng/safari_park__Noun__1
written_rep: safari park
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: park safari
sense_list:
a commercial tourist attraction, similar to a zoo, in which visitors drive through animal enclosures


lexentry: eng/safe__Adjective__1
written_rep: safe
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezpieczny
sense_list:
Not in danger; out of harm's reach. | Free from risk. | Providing protection from danger; providing shelter. | Properly secured. | (used after a noun, often, forming a compound) Not susceptible to a specified source of harm.


lexentry: eng/safe_mode__Noun__1
written_rep: safe mode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tryb awaryjny
sense_list:
(computing) A troubleshooting mode of many operating systems in which most advanced functions are not activated.


lexentry: eng/safe_sex__Noun__1
written_rep: safe sex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezpieczny seks
sense_list:
Sexual activity engaged in by people who have taken precautions to protect themselves against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).


lexentry: eng/safehouse__Noun__1
written_rep: safehouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kryjówka
sense_list:
A secure location, known to only a few trusted people, suitable for hiding witnesses, agents or other persons perceived as being in danger.


lexentry: eng/safely__Adverb__1
written_rep: safely
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezpiecznie
sense_list:
In a safe manner; without risk; using caution above all else. | In a secure manner; without the possibility of injury or harm resulting.


lexentry: eng/safety_pin__Noun__1
written_rep: safety pin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agrafka
sense_list:
(sewing) A pin in the form of a clasp, which has a guard to cover the sharp point; used to join two pieces of fabric, etc., together temporarily.


lexentry: eng/safety_razor__Noun__1
written_rep: safety razor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: golarka | maszynka do golenia
sense_list:
A razor, designed for safety, that protects the skin from all but the very edge of the blade (as opposed to a straight razor).


lexentry: eng/safety_valve__Noun__1
written_rep: safety valve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pojistný ventil | zawór bezpieczeństwa
sense_list:
A valve set to open at a pressure below that at which a container holding a gas, vapour, etc. (such as a boiler or pressure cooker), would burst, thus reducing the pressure; a relief valve.


lexentry: eng/safeword__Noun__1
written_rep: safeword
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hasło bezpieczeństwa
sense_list:
(sex, especially, BDSM) A word used in (especially sadomasochistic) sexual practices to unambiguously indicate that a participant actually desires the activity to cease and is not merely feigning a lack of consent.


lexentry: eng/safflower__Noun__1
written_rep: safflower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krokosz
sense_list:
A cultivated thistle-like plant, Carthamus tinctorius, family Asteraceae, now grown mainly for its oil.


lexentry: eng/saffron__Noun__1
written_rep: saffron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szafran
sense_list:
A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent.


lexentry: eng/sag__Noun__1
written_rep: sag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obniżenie
sense_list:
The difference in elevation of a wire, cable, chain or rope suspended between two consecutive points.


lexentry: eng/saga__Noun__1
written_rep: saga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: saga
sense_list:
An Old Norse (Icelandic) prose narrative, especially one dealing with family or social histories and legends. | Something with the qualities of such a saga; an epic, a long story.


lexentry: eng/sagacity__Noun__1
written_rep: sagacity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mądrość | roztropność
sense_list:
The quality of being sage, wise, or able to make good decisions; the quality of being perceptive, astute or insightful.


lexentry: eng/saganaki__Noun__1
written_rep: saganaki
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: saganaki
sense_list:
Any of various Greek dishes cooked in a small frying pan, especially an appetizer of pan-seared cheese.


lexentry: eng/sage__Noun__1
written_rep: sage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mędrzec
sense_list:
A wise person or spiritual teacher; someone of gravity and wisdom, especially, a teacher venerable for years, and of sound judgment and prudence; a grave or stoic philosopher.


lexentry: eng/sage__Noun__2
written_rep: sage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szałwia | szałwia lekarska
sense_list:
The plant Salvia officinalis and savory spice produced from it; also planted for ornamental purposes.


lexentry: eng/sage__Noun__2
written_rep: sage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szałwia
sense_list:
Any plant in the genus Salvia. | Any of a number of plants such as sagebrush considered to be similar to Salvia officinalis, mostly because they are small shrubs and have gray foliage or are aromatic.


lexentry: eng/sage_grouse__Noun__1
written_rep: sage grouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: preriokur ostrosterny
sense_list:
A large grouse of western North America having mottled gray, black and buff plumage (Centrocercus urophasianus) which feeds on the buds of the sagebrush.


lexentry: eng/sagitta__Noun__1
written_rep: sagitta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: strzałka
sense_list:
(geometry) The distance from a point in a curve to the chord; also, the versed sine of an arc; so called from its resemblance to an arrow resting on the bow and string.


lexentry: eng/sagittal__Adjective__1
written_rep: sagittal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strzałkowy
sense_list:
(anatomy) Of or in a plane parallel to the median plane, especially that dividing the body into left and right halves.


lexentry: eng/saiga__Noun__1
written_rep: saiga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: suhak
sense_list:
Saiga tatarica, an antelope which inhabits a vast area between Kalmykia, Kazakhstan, southern Siberia.


lexentry: eng/sail__Noun__1
written_rep: sail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żagiel | kiosk | skrzydło | śmiga
sense_list:
(nautical) A piece of fabric attached to a boat and arranged such that it causes the wind to drive the boat along. The sail may be attached to the boat via a combination of mast, spars and ropes.


lexentry: eng/sailor__Noun__1
written_rep: sailor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: marynarz | żeglarka | żeglarz
sense_list:
In particular, a member of the crew of a (civilian or military) vessel, as opposed to a captain, admiral, etc.; a mariner; a common seaman.


lexentry: eng/sailor__Noun__1
written_rep: sailor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żeglarka | żeglarz
sense_list:
A person who sails sailing boats (as opposed to boats powered by other means) as a sport or recreation.


lexentry: eng/saimiri__Noun__1
written_rep: saimiri
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sajmiri
sense_list:
Squirrel monkey. | Any member of Saimiri, a taxonomic genus of South American arboreal monkeys comprising the squirrel monkeys.


lexentry: eng/sainfoin__Noun__1
written_rep: sainfoin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sparceta
sense_list:
A perennial herb of the genus Onobrychis with pale pink flowers, especially Onobrychis viciifolia (syn. Onobrychis sativa).


lexentry: eng/saint__Noun__1
written_rep: saint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: święty | święta
sense_list:
(religion, generally) A deceased person whom a church or another religious group has officially recognised as especially holy or godly; one eminent for piety and virtue. | (Mormonism, specifically) Alternative letter-case form of Saint (“a Mormon, a Latter-day Saint”) | (figuratively, by extension) A person with similarly overwhelming positive qualities; one who does good.


lexentry: eng/salad__Noun__1
written_rep: salad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sałatka | surówka
sense_list:
A food made primarily of a mixture of raw or cold ingredients, typically vegetables, usually served with a dressing such as vinegar or mayonnaise.


lexentry: eng/salamander__Noun__1
written_rep: salamander
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: salamandra
sense_list:
A long, slender, chiefly terrestrial amphibian of the order Caudata, superficially resembling a lizard. | (mythology) A creature much like a lizard that is resistant to and lives in fire (in which it is often depicted in heraldry), hence the elemental being of fire. | (cooking) A metal utensil with a flat head which is heated and put over a dish to brown the top. | (cooking) A small broiler (North America) or grill (Britain) that heats the food from above, used in professional cookery primarily for browning.


lexentry: eng/salary__Noun__1
written_rep: salary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pensja | płaca | wynagrodzenie
sense_list:
A fixed amount of money paid to a worker, usually calculated on a monthly or annual basis, not hourly, as wages. Implies a degree of professionalism and/or autonomy.


lexentry: eng/salicylic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: salicylic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas salicylowy
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) A white crystalline organic acid, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, C6>H4(OH)(COOH), used in the production of aspirin and other industrial chemicals.


lexentry: eng/salient__Noun__1
written_rep: salient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: klin | narożnik
sense_list:
(geography) A protrusion of the administrative borders of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state into another geopolitical entity, generally of the same administrative level.


lexentry: eng/saliva__Noun__1
written_rep: saliva
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ślina
sense_list:
(physiology) A clear, slightly alkaline liquid secreted into the mouth by the salivary glands and mucous glands, consisting of water, mucin, protein, and enzymes. It moistens the mouth, lubricates ingested food, and begins the breakdown of starches.


lexentry: eng/salivary_gland__Noun__1
written_rep: salivary gland
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gruczoł ślinowy | ślinianka
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of several exocrine glands that produce saliva to break down carbohydrates in food enzymatically.


lexentry: eng/salmon__Noun__1
written_rep: salmon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: łosoś
sense_list:
A meal or dish made from this fish. | (plural salmons) A pale pinkish-orange colour, the colour of cooked salmon.


lexentry: eng/salmonella__Noun__1
written_rep: salmonella
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: salmonella
sense_list:
Any of the serotypes of the two species of rod-shaped bacteria, of the genus Salmonella, especially Salmonella enterica, that cause typhoid fever and salmonellosis, manifest as food poisoning and other diseases.


lexentry: eng/salo__Noun__1
written_rep: salo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sadło | słonina
sense_list:
a type of fatback, or non-rendered underskin pig fat consumed in Central and Eastern Europe, usually seasoned


lexentry: eng/saloop__Noun__1
written_rep: saloop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: salep
sense_list:
(dated) An aromatic drink originally prepared from salep and later from sassafras bark with other ingredients such as milk and sugar added, which was once popular in London, England.


lexentry: eng/salsa__Noun__1
written_rep: salsa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: salsa
sense_list:
(countable) A spicy tomato sauce, often including onions and hot peppers. | (uncountable, music genre) A style of urban music originally from New York heavily influenced by Cuban dance music, jazz and rock. | (countable, dances) Any of several dances performed to salsa music.


lexentry: eng/salsify__Noun__1
written_rep: salsify
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kozibród | salsefia
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) Any of several flowering plants, of the genus Tragopogon, most of which have purple flowers.


lexentry: eng/salt__Noun__1
written_rep: salt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sól | sól kuchenna
sense_list:
A common substance, chemically consisting mainly of sodium chloride (NaCl), used extensively as a condiment and preservative.


lexentry: eng/salt__Noun__1
written_rep: salt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sól
sense_list:
(chemistry) One of the compounds formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, where a positive ion replaces a hydrogen of the acid.


lexentry: eng/salt__Verb__1
written_rep: salt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: solić | posolić
sense_list:
(mining) To blast metal into (as a portion of a mine) in order to cause to appear to be a productive seam.


lexentry: eng/salt_lick__Noun__1
written_rep: salt lick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lizawka
sense_list:
A block of salt, often enriched with other minerals, licked by herd animals to supplement their diet.


lexentry: eng/salt_marsh__Noun__1
written_rep: salt marsh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mokradła słone
sense_list:
A marsh of saline water, found in the intertidal zone between land and sea, characterized by halophytic plants such as grasses and sedges adapted to periodic flooding with salt water.


lexentry: eng/salt_of_the_earth__Noun__1
written_rep: salt of the earth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sól ziemi
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A person or group of people considered to represent the most decent and admirable parts of humanity.


lexentry: eng/saltbush__Noun__1
written_rep: saltbush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łoboda
sense_list:
Any of the genus Atriplex of plants, especially Atriplex hortensis or Atriplex patula, found in dry habitats, that have edible leaves resembling spinach, including many desert and seashore plants and halophytes.


lexentry: eng/salting__Noun__1
written_rep: salting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: solenie
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of sprinkling salt, either on food, or on an icy road. | (uncountable) The act of tampering with an investigation site by adding bogus evidence.


lexentry: eng/salvageable__Adjective__1
written_rep: salvageable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: do uratowania
sense_list:
Capable of being salvaged, saved or repaired. Worth rescuing and keeping rather discarding or replacing.


lexentry: eng/salvation__Noun__1
written_rep: salvation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: odkupienie | ratunek | zbawienie
sense_list:
The process of being restored or made new for the purpose of becoming saved; the process of being rid of the old poor quality conditions and becoming improved.


lexentry: eng/salvo__Noun__2
written_rep: salvo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: salwa
sense_list:
(military) A concentrated fire from pieces of artillery, as in endeavoring to make a break in a fortification; a volley.


lexentry: eng/samana__Noun__1
written_rep: samana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samana
sense_list:
(religion) An ascetic, (especially) an ascetic monk who ignores the Vedas in Buddhist and Indian contexts.


lexentry: eng/samarium__Noun__1
written_rep: samarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samar
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Sm) with an atomic number of 62, a moderately hard silvery metal that slowly oxidizes in air.


lexentry: eng/sambuca__Noun__1
written_rep: sambuca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sambuca
sense_list:
An Italian liqueur made from elderberries and flavoured with licorice, traditionally served with 3 coffee beans that represent health, wealth and fortune (or past, present and future).


lexentry: eng/samizdat__Noun__1
written_rep: samizdat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samizdat
sense_list:
(uncountable, often, attributive) The secret copying and sharing of illegal publications, chiefly in the Soviet Union; underground publishing and its publications. [from 1950s.]


lexentry: eng/samosa__Noun__1
written_rep: samosa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samosa
sense_list:
A snack, of South Asian origin, consisting of a deep-fried triangular turnover filled with vegetables (especially potatoes) or meat.


lexentry: eng/samovar__Noun__1
written_rep: samovar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samowar
sense_list:
A metal urn with a spigot, for boiling water for making tea. Traditionally, the water is heated by hot coals or charcoal in a chimney-like tube which runs through the center of the urn. Today, it is more likely that the water is heated by an electric coil.


lexentry: eng/sample__Noun__1
written_rep: sample
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: próbka
sense_list:
A part or snippet of something taken or presented for inspection, or shown as evidence of the quality of the whole; a specimen. | (business) A small piece of some goods, for determining quality, colour, etc., typically given away for free.


lexentry: eng/sample__Noun__1
written_rep: sample
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: próba
sense_list:
(statistics) A subset of a population selected for measurement, observation or questioning, to provide statistical information about the population.


lexentry: eng/sample__Noun__1
written_rep: sample
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: próbka | sampel
sense_list:
(music) Gratuitous borrowing of easily recognised phases (or moments) from other music (or movies) in a recording.


lexentry: eng/sampling__Noun__1
written_rep: sampling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: sampling
sense_list:
(music) The electronic splicing of pieces of previously recorded sound as part of a composition, especially as part of hip-hop or electronic dance music.


lexentry: eng/samsara__Noun__1
written_rep: samsara
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samsara
sense_list:
(philosophy, religion) In Jainism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and some other eastern religions, the ongoing cycle of birth, death, and rebirth endured by human beings and all other mortal beings, and from which release is obtained by achieving the highest enlightenment.


lexentry: eng/sanatorium__Noun__1
written_rep: sanatorium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sanatorium
sense_list:
An institution that treats chronic diseases, and provides supervised recuperation and convalescence.


lexentry: eng/sanction__Noun__1
written_rep: sanction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sankcja
sense_list:
An approval, by an authority, generally one that makes something valid. | A penalty, punishment, or some coercive measure, intended to ensure compliance; especially one adopted by several nations, or by an international body. | A law, treaty, or contract, or a clause within a law, treaty, or contract, specifying any of the above.


lexentry: eng/sanctuary__Noun__1
written_rep: sanctuary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sanktuarium
sense_list:
A place of safety, refuge, or protection. | An area set aside for protection. | The consecrated (or sacred) area of a church or temple around its tabernacle or altar.


lexentry: eng/sand__Noun__1
written_rep: sand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piasek
sense_list:
(uncountable) Rock that is ground more finely than gravel, but is not as fine as silt (more formally, see grain sizes chart), forming beaches and deserts and also used in construction. | (countable, often, _, in the plural) A beach or other mass of sand. | A light beige colour, like that of typical sand. | (countable, figurative) A moment or interval of time; the term or extent of one's life (referring to the sand in an hourglass).


lexentry: eng/sandalwood__Noun__1
written_rep: sandalwood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sandałowiec
sense_list:
Any of various tropical trees of the genus Santalum, native or long naturalized in India, Australia, Hawaii, and many south Pacific islands.


lexentry: eng/sandalwood__Noun__1
written_rep: sandalwood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sandał
sense_list:
The aromatic heartwood of these trees used in ornamental carving, in the construction of insect-repellent boxes and chests, and as a source of certain perfumes.


lexentry: eng/sandarac__Noun__1
written_rep: sandarac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sandarak
sense_list:
(chemistry) A white or yellow resin obtained from a north African tree (Tetraclinis articulata), and pulverized for pounce; probably so called from a resemblance to the mineral.


lexentry: eng/sandbag__Verb__1
written_rep: sandbag
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pozorować
sense_list:
(figurative, intransitive, originally, US) To conceal or misrepresent one's true position, potential, or intent in order to gain an advantage; (originally, poker) to pretend to have a weak hand, as a strategy. | To pretend to drink early on so that, as the night draws on, one can drink everybody else "under the table".


lexentry: eng/sandblast__Verb__1
written_rep: sandblast
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piaskować
sense_list:
To spray with fast-moving solid grains (such as sand propelled by compressed air, although softer material like sodium bicarbonate used for delicate materials may also be so referred to). The process is used for stripping dirt, rust, paint etc. from the surface of objects.


lexentry: eng/sandbox__Noun__1
written_rep: sandbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: obszar izolowany | piaskownica
sense_list:
(computing) An isolated area where a program can be executed with a restricted portion of the resources available.


lexentry: eng/sandbox__Noun__1
written_rep: sandbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: brudnopis
sense_list:
(wiki) A page on a wiki where users are free to experiment without destroying or damaging any legitimate content.


lexentry: eng/sandcastle__Noun__1
written_rep: sandcastle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: babka
sense_list:
A sculpture made of sand and resembling a miniature castle; typically, but not always, made for fun by a child on a beach.


lexentry: eng/sanderling__Noun__1
written_rep: sanderling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piaskowiec
sense_list:
A small wading bird, Calidris alba, that breeds in the Arctic and winters on sandy shores and estuaries around the world.


lexentry: eng/sandhi__Noun__1
written_rep: sandhi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sandhi
sense_list:
(phonology) Any of a wide variety of phonological processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries, such as the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words.


lexentry: eng/sandpaper__Noun__1
written_rep: sandpaper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papier ścierny | szmergiel
sense_list:
A strong paper coated with sand, ground glass, or other abrasive material for smoothing and polishing.


lexentry: eng/sandwich__Noun__1
written_rep: sandwich
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kanapka | sandwicz
sense_list:
A dish or foodstuff where at least one piece, but typically two or more pieces, of bread serves as the wrapper or container of some other food.


lexentry: eng/sane__Adjective__1
written_rep: sane
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rozsądny
sense_list:
Mentally sound; possessing a rational mind; having the mental faculties in such condition as to be able to anticipate and judge the effect of one's actions in an ordinary manner.


lexentry: eng/sangoma__Noun__1
written_rep: sangoma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znachor
sense_list:
(South Africa, and, other parts of Southern Africa) A (usually female) traditional healer or herbalist, or witch doctor.


lexentry: eng/sangria__Noun__1
written_rep: sangria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sangria
sense_list:
A cold drink, originating in Spain, consisting of red or white wine, brandy or sherry, fruit juice, sugar and soda water and garnished with orange and other fruit.


lexentry: eng/sanicle__Noun__1
written_rep: sanicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żankiel
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Sanicula, having palmate compound leaves and small flowers arranged in umbels; the snakeroot.


lexentry: eng/sanity_check__Noun__1
written_rep: sanity check
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kontrola poczytalności
sense_list:
A check to make sure that something does not contain elementary mistakes or impossibilities and is not based on invalid assumptions.


lexentry: eng/sanjak__Noun__1
written_rep: sanjak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sandżak
sense_list:
(politics) A district, a prefecture, particularly (historical) a second-level administrative division of the Ottoman Empire. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/sans-culotte__Noun__1
written_rep: sans-culotte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sankiulota
sense_list:
A plebeian Parisian, especially a lower-class republican during the French Revolution. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/sap__Noun__1
written_rep: sap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sok mleczny | sok
sense_list:
(uncountable) The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition.


lexentry: eng/saponification__Noun__1
written_rep: saponification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zmydlanie
sense_list:
(chemistry) The hydrolysis of an ester under basic conditions to form an alcohol and the salt of the acid.


lexentry: eng/sapper__Noun__1
written_rep: sapper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: saper | saperka
sense_list:
A combat engineer; an engineer or a soldier engaged in attacking, destroying, and circumventing or building fortifications, bridges, and roads; a military engineer active in a combat zone.


lexentry: eng/sapphire__Noun__1
written_rep: sapphire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szafir
sense_list:
(countable) A clear deep blue variety of corundum, valued as a precious stone. | (countable, and, uncountable) A white, yellow, or purple variety of corundum, either clear or translucent. | (countable, and, uncountable) A deep blue colour. | (tincture) Azure, when blazoning by precious stones. | (countable) Any hummingbird in the genera Hylocharis and Chlorestes, as well as the rufous-throated sapphire, which is now in the genus Amazilia. | Any of the butterflies in the southern Asian lycaenid genus Heliophorus or the African lycaenid genus Iolaus.


lexentry: eng/saprotroph__Noun__1
written_rep: saprotroph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: saprotrof
sense_list:
An organism that lives off dead or decaying organic material by secreting enzymes into it and then absorbing its nutrients.


lexentry: eng/sapwood__Noun__1
written_rep: sapwood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biel
sense_list:
The wood just under the bark of a stem or branch; it differs from the heartwood in color and in physiologic activity (flow of sap).


lexentry: eng/sarcasm__Noun__1
written_rep: sarcasm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sarkazm | drwina | kpina | szyderstwo
sense_list:
(uncountable) Use of acerbic language to mock or convey contempt, often using irony and (in speech) often marked by overemphasis and sneering.


lexentry: eng/sarcoma__Noun__1
written_rep: sarcoma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mięsak
sense_list:
(oncology) A type of malignant tumor of the bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.


lexentry: eng/sarcopenia__Noun__1
written_rep: sarcopenia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sarkopenia
sense_list:
(pathology) Gradual loss of skeletal muscle due to aging, immobility, illness, or combinations thereof.


lexentry: eng/sarcophagus__Noun__1
written_rep: sarcophagus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sarkofag
sense_list:
A stone coffin, often with its exterior inscribed, or decorated with sculpture. | (informal) The cement and steel structure that encases the destroyed nuclear reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Chernobyl, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/sardine__Noun__1
written_rep: sardine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sardynka | pilchard | sardyna
sense_list:
Any one of several species of small herring which are commonly preserved in olive oil or in tins for food, especially the pilchard, or European sardine Sardina pilchardus (syn. Clupea pilchardus). The California sardine Sardinops sagax (syn. Clupea sagax) is similar. The American sardines of the Atlantic coast are mostly the young of the Atlantic herring and of the menhaden. | (figurative) Someone packed or crammed into a small space.


lexentry: eng/sari__Noun__1
written_rep: sari
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sari
sense_list:
The traditional dress of women in the Indian Subcontinent; an outer garment consisting of a single length of cotton or silk, most often with one end wrapped around the waist to form a skirt, the other draped over the shoulder or head.


lexentry: eng/sarin__Noun__1
written_rep: sarin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sarin
sense_list:
(chemistry, military) The nerve gas O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate, used as a chemical weapon.


lexentry: eng/sartorius__Noun__1
written_rep: sartorius
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mięsień krawiecki
sense_list:
(anatomy) A long, slender muscle that runs from the iliac crest along the anterior and medial aspects of the thigh to the proximal tibia, superficial to the quadriceps musculature; the longest muscle in the human body.


lexentry: eng/sash__Noun__1
written_rep: sash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szarfa | pas
sense_list:
(clothing) A decorative length of cloth worn over the shoulder to the opposite hip, often for ceremonial or other formal occasions.


lexentry: eng/satay__Noun__1
written_rep: satay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: satay | saté
sense_list:
A dish made from small pieces of meat or fish grilled on a skewer and served with a spicy peanut sauce, originating from Indonesia and Malaysia.


lexentry: eng/sated__Adjective__1
written_rep: sated
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: syty
sense_list:
In a state of complete and thorough satisfaction; having one’s appetite fully satisfied, by having enough of something.


lexentry: eng/sateen__Noun__1
written_rep: sateen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: satyna
sense_list:
A type of cotton cloth with a shiny surface and dull back, woven using the technique that, when applied to silk or nylon, results in cloth called satin.


lexentry: eng/satellite__Noun__1
written_rep: satellite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: satelita | sztuczny satelita | sputnik
sense_list:
A man-made apparatus designed to be placed in orbit around a celestial body, generally to relay information, data etc. to Earth. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/satellite_dish__Noun__1
written_rep: satellite dish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antena satelitarna | talerz
sense_list:
A parabolic antenna designed to receive microwaves from communications satellites, which transmit data transmissions or broadcasts, such as satellite television.


lexentry: eng/satellite_navigation__Noun__1
written_rep: satellite navigation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nawigacja
sense_list:
Practice of calculating one's position and velocity using radio signals transmitted from space satellites as reference.


lexentry: eng/satellite_television__Noun__1
written_rep: satellite television
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: telewizja satelitarna
sense_list:
A type of cable television service that is broadcasted by a communications satellite and is received by an outdoor antenna or satellite dish.


lexentry: eng/satin__Noun__1
written_rep: satin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atłas
sense_list:
A cloth woven from silk, nylon or polyester with a glossy surface and a dull back. (The same weaving technique applied to cotton produces cloth termed sateen).


lexentry: eng/satire__Noun__1
written_rep: satire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: satyra
sense_list:
(uncountable) A literary device of writing or art which principally ridicules its subject often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change or highlighting a shortcoming in the work of another. Imitation, humor, irony, and exaggeration are often used to aid this.


lexentry: eng/satrapy__Noun__1
written_rep: satrapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: satrapia
sense_list:
(historical) The territory governed by a satrap; a province of any of several ancient empires of Western Asia (specifically, of the Median or Achaemenid empires or certain of their successors, including the Sassanian Empire and Hellenistic empires).


lexentry: eng/saturate__Verb__1
written_rep: saturate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: nasycać | nasycić | wysycać | wysycić
sense_list:
(transitive, chemistry) To satisfy the affinity of; to cause a substance to become inert by chemical combination with all that it can hold.


lexentry: eng/saturation__Noun__1
written_rep: saturation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: saturacja
sense_list:
The act of saturating or the process of being saturated. | (art) The intensity or vividness of a colour. | (music) An effect on the sound of an electric guitar, used primarily in heavy metal music.


lexentry: eng/satyr__Noun__1
written_rep: satyr
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: satyr
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) A sylvan deity or demigod, male companion of Pan or Dionysus, represented as part man and part goat, and characterized by riotous merriment and lasciviousness, sometimes pictured with a perpetual erection. | (Roman mythology) Synonym of faun | (by extension) A lecherous man.


lexentry: eng/saucepan__Noun__1
written_rep: saucepan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rondel
sense_list:
(countable, cookware) A deep cooking vessel with a handle and sometimes a lid; used for boiling, stewing and making sauces.


lexentry: eng/saucy__Adjective__1
written_rep: saucy
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bezczelny
sense_list:
(figurative) Impertinent or disrespectful, often in a manner that is regarded as entertaining or amusing; smart. | Impudently bold; pert.


lexentry: eng/saury__Noun__1
written_rep: saury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sajra
sense_list:
A marine epipelagic fish of the family Scomberesocidae, with beaklike jaws and a row of small finlets behind the dorsal and anal fins.


lexentry: eng/sausage__Noun__1
written_rep: sausage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kiełbasa | kiełbaska
sense_list:
A food made of ground meat (or meat substitute) and seasoning, packed in a section of the animal's intestine, or in a similarly cylindrical shaped synthetic casing; a length of this food.


lexentry: eng/sauté__Verb__1
written_rep: sauté
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skakać
sense_list:
(transitive) To cook (food) using a small amount of fat in an open pan over a relatively high heat, allowing the food to brown and form a crust stopping it from sticking to the pan as it cooks.


lexentry: eng/savanna__Noun__1
written_rep: savanna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sawanna
sense_list:
A mixed woodland-grassland biome and ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close.


lexentry: eng/save__Verb__1
written_rep: save
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: oszczędzać
sense_list:
(transitive, gambling, slang, archaic) To make an agreement to give (some amount of money) to a fellow gambler if one wins, and to receive that amount from them if they win, as a form of hedging.


lexentry: eng/save_face__Verb__1
written_rep: save face
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zachować twarz
sense_list:
(idiomatic, intransitive) To take an action or make a gesture intended to preserve one's reputation or honour.


lexentry: eng/save_up__Verb__1
written_rep: save up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: składać
sense_list:
(transitive, and, intransitive) To accumulate money, especially for a specific, planned expenditure.


lexentry: eng/savings_account__Noun__1
written_rep: savings account
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: konto oszczędnościowe
sense_list:
(finance, banking) A bank account designed for a client's savings, which compared to a current account typically entails withdrawal restrictions but yields a better interest


lexentry: eng/savings_bank__Noun__1
written_rep: savings bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bank oszczędnościowy
sense_list:
A type of financial institution that focuses on retail banking: savings of private depositors, payments, credits and insurances for individuals or small and medium-sized enterprises.


lexentry: eng/savour__Noun__1
written_rep: savour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: smak
sense_list:
(countable, chiefly in the negative) An appealing or appetizing flavour, especially one which is savoury or strong. | (uncountable) The quality which the sense of taste detects; also (countable) , a specific flavour or taste, especially one different from the predominant one.


lexentry: eng/savour__Verb__1
written_rep: savour
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: korzystać z życia
sense_list:
To detect (a flavour or taste, or food or drink); to taste; specifically, to enjoy or linger on (a flavour or taste, or food and drink); to relish. | To enjoy (something) deeply or in a lingering manner; to appreciate, to delight in, to relish.


lexentry: eng/saw__Verb__1
written_rep: saw
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piłować | przepiłować | przepiłowywać | przerżnąć | rżnąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To cut (something) with a saw. | (intransitive) To make a motion back and forth similar to cutting something with a saw. | (intransitive) To be cut with a saw.


lexentry: eng/sawfish__Noun__1
written_rep: sawfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piła | ryba piła
sense_list:
Any ray (marine fish with a flat body and wing-like fins) of the family Pristidae, having a snout that resembles a saw.


lexentry: eng/sawfly__Noun__1
written_rep: sawfly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rośliniarka
sense_list:
Any of various flying insects of the suborder Symphyta whose ovipositor is long and often serrated and is used to cut into plants to lay eggs.


lexentry: eng/sawmill__Noun__1
written_rep: sawmill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tartak
sense_list:
A machine, building or company used for cutting (milling) lumber, or (rarely) other hard materials such as stone.


lexentry: eng/sawtooth__Noun__2
written_rep: sawtooth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ząb
sense_list:
Any of various pierid butterflies of the genus Prioneris. | (cellular automata) A pattern whose living cell population reaches new peaks infinitely many times before dropping to a fixed value after each peak.


lexentry: eng/saxophone__Noun__1
written_rep: saxophone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: saksofon
sense_list:
A single-reed instrument musical instrument of the woodwind family, usually made of brass and with a distinctive loop bringing the bell upwards.


lexentry: eng/say__Verb__1
written_rep: say
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mówić | powiedzieć
sense_list:
(transitive) To tell, either verbally or in writing. | (impersonal, transitive) To have a common expression; used in singular passive voice or plural active voice to indicate a rumor or well-known fact.


lexentry: eng/say_cheese__Verb__1
written_rep: say cheese
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ser
sense_list:
(idiomatic, mostly, imperative) To smile for a photograph by saying the word "cheese" (the vowel of which, when pronounced as is usual in English, forces a somewhat smile-shaped mouth).


lexentry: eng/scabies__Noun__1
written_rep: scabies
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: świerzb
sense_list:
(pathology) An infestation of parasitic mites, Sarcoptes scabiei, causing intense itching caused by the mites burrowing into the skin of humans and other animals. It is easily transmissible from human to human; secondary skin infection may occur.


lexentry: eng/scaffolding__Noun__1
written_rep: scaffolding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rusztowanie
sense_list:
A temporary modular system of tubes, bamboo or wood forming a framework used to support people and material in the construction or repair of buildings and other large structures.


lexentry: eng/scalar_product__Noun__1
written_rep: scalar product
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iloczyn skalarny
sense_list:
(linear algebra) The product of two vectors computed as the sum of the corresponding elements of the vectors, or, equivalently, as the product of the magnitudes of the vectors and the cosine of the angle between their directions.


lexentry: eng/scale__Noun__1
written_rep: scale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skala
sense_list:
(obsolete) A ladder; a series of steps; a means of ascending. | An ordered, usually numerical sequence used for measurement; means of assigning a magnitude. | Size; scope. | The ratio of depicted distance to actual distance. | (music) A series of notes spanning an octave, tritave, or pseudo-octave, used to make melodies.


lexentry: eng/scale__Noun__2
written_rep: scale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łuska
sense_list:
Part of an overlapping arrangement of many small, flat and hard pieces of keratin covering the skin of an animal, particularly a fish or reptile. | A flake of skin of an animal afflicted with dermatitis.


lexentry: eng/scale_insect__Noun__1
written_rep: scale insect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czerwiec
sense_list:
Any of the small parasitic insects of the superfamily Coccoidea that live on plants and sap nutrients from them.


lexentry: eng/scale_model__Noun__1
written_rep: scale model
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: makieta
sense_list:
A three-dimensional copy or representation of something in which all parts have dimensions in the same proportion to that of the original.


lexentry: eng/scalper__Noun__1
written_rep: scalper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: konik
sense_list:
(US, Canada) One who scalps tickets to popular entertainment events: buying them in advance and then selling them (e.g. online or just outside the venue of the event), often at inflated prices.


lexentry: eng/scammony__Noun__1
written_rep: scammony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powój czyszczący | powój przeczyszczający | powój żywiczny | socznica
sense_list:
Convolvulus scammonia, a twining perennial bindweed native to the eastern part of the Mediterranean basin, whose juice has been used in medicine as scammonium.


lexentry: eng/scandal__Noun__1
written_rep: scandal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: awantura | skandal | afera | draka | hańba | heca
sense_list:
An incident or event that disgraces or damages the reputation of the persons or organization involved.


lexentry: eng/scandal_sheet__Noun__1
written_rep: scandal sheet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczujnia
sense_list:
(informal) A tabloid newspaper containing gossip and sensational news stories pertaining especially to well-known people.


lexentry: eng/scandium__Noun__1
written_rep: scandium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skand
sense_list:
A metallic chemical element, atomic number 21, obtained from some uranium ores; it is a transition element.


lexentry: eng/scanlation__Noun__1
written_rep: scanlation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skanlacja
sense_list:
(comics, chiefly, manga) The process of scanning and translating foreign-language comics (especially Japanese manga or Korean manhwa) into the translator's language, for free distribution over the Internet.


lexentry: eng/scanner__Noun__1
written_rep: scanner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skaner
sense_list:
A device which scans documents in order to convert them to a digital medium. [from 20th c.] | A radio receiver which iterates through a sequence of frequencies to detect signal. | A device which uses radiation (ultrasound, X-ray, etc.) to generate images of tissue or surfaces for diagnostic purposes. | A device which uses optics to detect printed data (such as a barcode).


lexentry: eng/scanning_tunneling_microscope__Noun__1
written_rep: scanning tunneling microscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skaningowy mikroskop tunelowy
sense_list:
A device used to form an image of the surface of a conductor or semiconductor with atomic resolution.


lexentry: eng/scapegoat__Noun__1
written_rep: scapegoat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kozioł ofiarny
sense_list:
In the Mosaic Day of Atonement ritual, a goat symbolically imbued with the sins of the people, and sent out alive into the wilderness while another was sacrificed. | Someone unfairly blamed or punished for some failure.


lexentry: eng/scapular__Noun__1
written_rep: scapular
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szkaplerz
sense_list:
(Christianity) A short cloak worn around the shoulders, adopted as part of the uniform of various religious orders, later often with an embroidered image of a saint. [from 15th c.] | (Christianity) A devotional object, typically consisting of two rectangular pieces of cloth (often with an embroidered image or text) joined with cloth bands and worn with one piece over the chest and one in the back.


lexentry: eng/scarecrow__Noun__1
written_rep: scarecrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strach na wróble | strach
sense_list:
An effigy, typically made of straw and dressed in old clothes, fixed to a pole in a field to deter birds from eating crops or seeds planted there. [from 1530s]


lexentry: eng/scarification__Noun__1
written_rep: scarification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: skaryfikacja
sense_list:
The scratching, etching, burning / branding, or superficially cutting designs, pictures, or words into the skin as a permanent body modification.


lexentry: eng/scarificator__Noun__1
written_rep: scarificator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skaryfikator
sense_list:
(surgery, archaic) An instrument, principally used in cupping, containing several lancets that are moved simultaneously by a spring, used for making slight incisions on a body.


lexentry: eng/scarlet_fever__Noun__1
written_rep: scarlet fever
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płonica | szkarlatyna
sense_list:
(disease) A streptococcal infection, mainly occurring among children, and characterized by a red skin rash, sore throat and fever.


lexentry: eng/scarp__Noun__1
written_rep: scarp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: skarpa
sense_list:
(geology) A cliff at the edge of a plateau or ridge caused by erosion or faulting; the steeper side of an escarpment.


lexentry: eng/scat__Interjection__1
written_rep: scat
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sio
sense_list:
(colloquial) An imperative demand to leave, often understood by speaker and listener as impertinent.


lexentry: eng/scatter__Verb__1
written_rep: scatter
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rozpowszechniać
sense_list:
(transitive, physics) To deflect (radiation or particles). | (intransitive) To occur or fall at widely spaced intervals.


lexentry: eng/scattering__Noun__1
written_rep: scattering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dyfuzja
sense_list:
(physics) The process whereby a beam of waves or particles is dispersed by collisions or similar interactions.


lexentry: eng/scavenge__Verb__1
written_rep: scavenge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żerować
sense_list:
(transitive) To collect and remove refuse, or to search through refuse, carrion, or abandoned items for useful material.


lexentry: eng/scedasticity__Noun__1
written_rep: scedasticity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dyspersja mierzona za pomocą wariancji
sense_list:
(statistics) The distribution of error terms. Error terms are distributed either randomly and with constant variance (homoscedasticity) or with some kind of pattern (heteroscedasticity).


lexentry: eng/scenario__Noun__1
written_rep: scenario
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scenariusz
sense_list:
An outline or model of an expected or supposed sequence of events. | (dated) An outline of the plot of a dramatic or literary work. | (dated) A screenplay itself, or an outline or a treatment of it.


lexentry: eng/scenery__Noun__1
written_rep: scenery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dekoracja
sense_list:
Stage backdrops, property and other items on a stage that give the impression of the location of the scene.


lexentry: eng/scenester__Noun__1
written_rep: scenester
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyczepa
sense_list:
(music) A non-musician who is active in a particular musical scene, especially one whose involvement carries social status.


lexentry: eng/scent__Noun__1
written_rep: scent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: trop | ślad
sense_list:
(figuratively) Any trail or trace that can be followed to find something or someone, such as the paper left behind in a paperchase.


lexentry: eng/schedule__Noun__1
written_rep: schedule
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: harmonogram | plan | agenda | grafik
sense_list:
A procedural plan, usually but not necessarily tabular in nature, indicating a sequence of operations and the planned times at which those operations are to occur. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/scheduling__Noun__1
written_rep: scheduling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: planowanie
sense_list:
(uncountable) A function in many aspects of industry, commerce and computing in which events are timed to take place at the most opportune time. | (countable) The time at which a particular event is scheduled.


lexentry: eng/scheelite__Noun__1
written_rep: scheelite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szelit
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral composed of calcium tungstate, with the chemical formula CaWO4; it is one of the principal ores for tungsten.


lexentry: eng/schematic__Adjective__1
written_rep: schematic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grubiański
sense_list:
Represented too simply or in an overly formulaic way, reflecting a shallow or incomplete understanding of complex subject matter.


lexentry: eng/schematic__Noun__1
written_rep: schematic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: diagram
sense_list:
A simplified line drawing used by scientists, engineers, technologists and others to illustrate a system at an abstract level. Schematic drawings often use standard symbols for clarity.


lexentry: eng/scherzo__Noun__1
written_rep: scherzo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scherzo
sense_list:
(music) A piece of music or a movement from a larger piece such as a symphony; especially, a piece of music played in a playful manner.


lexentry: eng/schism__Noun__1
written_rep: schism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schizma
sense_list:
A split or separation within a group or organization, typically caused by discord. | (religion) A formal division or split within a religious body. | (Catholicism) a split within Christianity whereby a group no longer recognizes the Bishop of Rome as the head of the Church, but shares essentially the same beliefs with the Church of Rome. In other words, a political split without the introduction of heresy.


lexentry: eng/schist__Noun__1
written_rep: schist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łupek
sense_list:
Any of a variety of coarse-grained crystalline metamorphic rocks with a foliated structure that allows easy division into slabs or slates.


lexentry: eng/schistosomiasis__Noun__1
written_rep: schistosomiasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schistosomatoza | bilharcjoza
sense_list:
(pathology) Any of various diseases of humans caused by parasitic blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma.


lexentry: eng/schizocarp__Noun__1
written_rep: schizocarp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozłupnia
sense_list:
(botany) A dry fruit that develops from multiple carpels and splits into multiple, one-seeded mericarps at maturity


lexentry: eng/schizoid_personality_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: schizoid personality disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schizoidalne zaburzenie osobowości
sense_list:
(psychiatry) A personality disorder characterized by social withdrawal, flat affect, very few, if any, close friends or personal relationships, excessive preoccupation with fantasy and insensitivity to prevailing social norms and conventions.


lexentry: eng/schizophasia__Noun__1
written_rep: schizophasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schizofazja
sense_list:
(psychiatry) Word salad: a nonsensical, often repetitious assemblage of words, typical of mental disorders such as schizophrenia.


lexentry: eng/schizophrenia__Noun__1
written_rep: schizophrenia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schizofrenia
sense_list:
(pathology) A psychiatric diagnosis denoting a persistent, often chronic, mental illness characterised by abnormal perception, thinking, behavior and emotion, often marked by delusions.


lexentry: eng/schizophrenia__Noun__1
written_rep: schizophrenia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: schizofrenia | schiza
sense_list:
(informal, figurative) Any condition in which disparate or mutually exclusive activities coexist; a lack of decision between options.


lexentry: eng/schizotypal_personality_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: schizotypal personality disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schizotypowe zaburzenie osobowości
sense_list:
(psychiatry) A personality disorder characterized by an extreme discomfort in social situations and perceptual distortions.


lexentry: eng/schlub__Noun__1
written_rep: schlub
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niechluj
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, informal) A person who is clumsy, oafish, or socially awkward, or unattractive or unkempt.


lexentry: eng/schmuck__Noun__1
written_rep: schmuck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dupa
sense_list:
(colloquial, pejorative, US) A jerk; a person who is unlikable, detestable, or contemptible because he or she is stupid, foolish, clumsy, oafish, inept, malicious, or unpleasant.


lexentry: eng/schnapps__Noun__1
written_rep: schnapps
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sznaps
sense_list:
(uncountable) A type of distilled alcoholic beverage (liquor), often with a herbal or fruit flavoring, typically drunk neat as an apéritif or digestif.


lexentry: eng/scholar's_mate__Noun__1
written_rep: scholar's mate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mat szewski
sense_list:
(chess) The checkmate which occurs shortly after the opening, when the white queen checkmates by taking the black pawn on f7 (or the black queen taking the white pawn on f2), protected by a bishop on c4 (or c5).


lexentry: eng/scholastic__Noun__1
written_rep: scholastic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scholastyczny
sense_list:
(philosophy) A member of the medieval philosophical school of scholasticism; a medieval Christian Aristotelian.


lexentry: eng/scholasticism__Noun__1
written_rep: scholasticism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scholastyczny
sense_list:
(philosophy) A tradition or school of philosophy, originating in the Middle Ages, that combines classical philosophy with Catholic theology.


lexentry: eng/school__Noun__1
written_rep: school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szkoła | uczelnia
sense_list:
(British) An educational institution providing primary and secondary education, prior to tertiary education (college or university). | The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or practice, sanctioned by the authority of a particular class or age.


lexentry: eng/school__Noun__1
written_rep: school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: szkoła
sense_list:
Within a larger educational institution, an organizational unit, such as a department or institute, which is dedicated to a specific subject area. | (considered collectively) The followers of a particular doctrine; a particular way of thinking or particular doctrine; a school of thought. | An establishment offering specialized instruction, as for driving, cooking, typing, coding, etc.


lexentry: eng/school_of_hard_knocks__Noun__1
written_rep: school of hard knocks
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szkoła życia
sense_list:
(idiomatic, chiefly, US) The source of an education consisting of real-world experiences, especially adverse experiences.


lexentry: eng/school_psychologist__Noun__1
written_rep: school psychologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: psycholog szkolny
sense_list:
A practitioner or educator who conducts assessments to evaluate students on criteria such as intelligence, aptitude, and psychopathology. Additionally, they often consult with teachers and other school personnel to supply interventions to aid in student learning. Not to be confused with a school counselor.


lexentry: eng/schoolie__Noun__1
written_rep: schoolie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolwent | absolwentka
sense_list:
(Australia) A senior school student, especially a school-leaver, engaged in unsupervised celebrations during schoolies week.


lexentry: eng/schoolmarm__Noun__1
written_rep: schoolmarm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: belferka
sense_list:
(US, slang) A female teacher, especially one seen to be old-fashioned and extremely severe and strict.


lexentry: eng/schooner__Noun__1
written_rep: schooner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szkuner
sense_list:
(watercraft) A sailing ship with two or more masts, all with fore-and-aft sails; if two masted, having a foremast and a mainmast.


lexentry: eng/sciatic_nerve__Noun__1
written_rep: sciatic nerve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nerw kulszowy
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) A large nerve that starts in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb.


lexentry: eng/sciatica__Noun__1
written_rep: sciatica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rwa kulszowa
sense_list:
(pathology, neurology) Neuralgia of the sciatic nerve, characterised by pain radiating down through the buttocks and the back of the thigh.


lexentry: eng/science__Noun__1
written_rep: science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dyscyplina | nauka
sense_list:
(countable) A particular discipline or branch of knowledge that is natural, measurable or consisting of systematic principles rather than intuition or technical skill. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/science__Noun__1
written_rep: science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: znajomość | nauka
sense_list:
(uncountable, archaic) Knowledge gained through study or practice; mastery of a particular discipline or area. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/science__Noun__1
written_rep: science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: wiedza | nauka
sense_list:
(now, only, _, theology) The fact of knowing something; knowledge or understanding of a truth. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/science__Noun__1
written_rep: science
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: nauka
sense_list:
(uncountable) The collective discipline of study or learning acquired through the scientific method; the sum of knowledge gained from such methods and discipline. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/scientific_method__Noun__1
written_rep: scientific method
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: metoda naukowa
sense_list:
(sciences) A method of discovering knowledge about the natural world based in making falsifiable predictions (hypotheses), testing them empirically, and developing theories that match known data from repeatable physical experimentation.


lexentry: eng/scientific_name__Noun__1
written_rep: scientific name
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nazwa naukowa
sense_list:
A formal name according to an internationally accepted standard, especially the formal name of a taxon.


lexentry: eng/scientist__Noun__1
written_rep: scientist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: naukowiec | naukowczyni | uczona | uczony
sense_list:
One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research, or make use of the results of the research of others.


lexentry: eng/scimitar_babbler__Noun__1
written_rep: scimitar babbler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łączniak
sense_list:
Any of various passerine birds of the genus Pomatorhinus and the former genus Jabouilleia (now included in Napothera), found in tropical Asia.


lexentry: eng/scintigraphy__Noun__1
written_rep: scintigraphy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scyntygrafia
sense_list:
(medicine) A radiographic technique, using radioactive tracers, for the diagnosis of injuries to bones


lexentry: eng/scion__Noun__1
written_rep: scion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: latorośl | winorośl
sense_list:
(botany) A detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant, used in grafting; a shoot or twig in a general sense.


lexentry: eng/scissor__Noun__1
written_rep: scissor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: nożyczki
sense_list:
(noun adjunct) Used in certain noun phrases to denote a thing resembling the action of scissors, as scissor kick, scissor hold (wrestling), scissor jack.


lexentry: eng/scissor_kick__Noun__1
written_rep: scissor kick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nożyce | strzał nożycami
sense_list:
(soccer) A bicycle kick. | (swimming) A leg movement in which the legs are separated and brought together with a snap.


lexentry: eng/scissors__Noun__1
written_rep: scissors
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nożyczki | nożyce
sense_list:
(countable, usually, construed as plural) A tool used for cutting thin material, consisting of two crossing blades attached at a pivot point in such a way that the blades slide across each other when the handles are closed.


lexentry: eng/scissors__Noun__1
written_rep: scissors
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: nożyce
sense_list:
(rock paper scissors) A hand with the index and middle fingers open (a handshape resembling scissors), that beats paper and loses to rock. It beats lizard and loses to Spock in rock-paper-scissors-lizard-Spock.


lexentry: eng/sclera__Noun__1
written_rep: sclera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: twardówka | białkówka
sense_list:
(anatomy) The white of the eye; the tough outer coat of the eye that covers the eyeball except for the cornea.


lexentry: eng/sclerenchyma__Noun__1
written_rep: sclerenchyma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sklerenchyma | twardzica
sense_list:
(botany) A mechanical ground tissue, impermeable to water, which consists of cells having narrow lumen and thick, mineralized walls of lignin; present in stems, vascular bundles (of monocots), seed coverings, and vein and tips of leaves.


lexentry: eng/scleroderma__Noun__1
written_rep: scleroderma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: twardzina
sense_list:
(medicine) A chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by hardening the skin or other organs through excessive deposits of collagen.


lexentry: eng/sclerosis__Noun__1
written_rep: sclerosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skleroza | stwardnienie
sense_list:
(pathology) The abnormal hardening of body tissues, such as an artery; the appearance of hardenings, indurations, lesions, nodules.


lexentry: eng/scolding__Noun__1
written_rep: scolding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bura
sense_list:
A succession of critical remarks, such as those directed by a parent towards a misbehaving child; an earful.


lexentry: eng/sconce__Noun__1
written_rep: sconce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kinkiet
sense_list:
A candlestick (holder for a candle, especially a circular tube, with a brim, into which a candle is inserted), either with a handle for carrying, or with a bracket for attaching to a wall.


lexentry: eng/scoop__Noun__1
written_rep: scoop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chochla | czerpak
sense_list:
Any cup- or bowl-shaped tool, usually with a handle, used to lift and move loose or soft solid material.


lexentry: eng/scoop__Noun__1
written_rep: scoop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: kulka
sense_list:
The act of scooping, or taking with a scoop or ladle; a motion with a scoop, as in dipping or shovelling.


lexentry: eng/scooter__Noun__1
written_rep: scooter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hulajnoga
sense_list:
A kick scooter or push scooter; a human-powered land vehicle with a handlebar, deck and wheels that is propelled by a rider pushing off the ground.


lexentry: eng/scope__Noun__1
written_rep: scope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: miot
sense_list:
(medicine, colloquial) Any medical procedure that ends in the suffix -scopy, such as endoscopy, colonoscopy, bronchoscopy, etc.


lexentry: eng/scorch__Verb__1
written_rep: scorch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przypiekać
sense_list:
(transitive) To wither, parch or destroy something by heat or fire, especially to make land or buildings unusable to an enemy


lexentry: eng/score__Noun__1
written_rep: score
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wynik
sense_list:
The number of points accrued by each of the participants in a game, expressed as a ratio or a series of numbers.


lexentry: eng/score_off__Verb__1
written_rep: score off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: beza
sense_list:
(transitive, inseparable, idiomatic, slang) To defeat (especially in an argument), get the better of, achieve a success over, gain an advantage or win points over, make a point to the detriment or at the expense of, make appear foolish. Sometimes with particle on (someone).


lexentry: eng/score_off__Verb__1
written_rep: score off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: odesłać
sense_list:
(transitive, separable, idiomatic) To delete or remove (especially from a list); to score out, strike out or strike off, cross out or cross off; to draw a line through.


lexentry: eng/score_string__Noun__1
written_rep: score string
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abakus
sense_list:
(billiards) A wire strung with beads and hung horizontally above or near the table which is used to keep score.


lexentry: eng/scorpion__Noun__1
written_rep: scorpion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skorpion
sense_list:
Any of various arachnids of the order Scorpiones, related to the spiders, characterised by two large front pincers and a curved tail with a venomous sting in the end.


lexentry: eng/scorpionfish__Noun__1
written_rep: scorpionfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skorpena
sense_list:
Any of the family Scorpaenidae of mostly marine fish, including many of the world's most venomous species, the "sting" taking the form of sharp spines coated with venomous mucus.


lexentry: eng/scotch__Noun__1
written_rep: scotch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: klinwegge
sense_list:
A block for a wheel or other round object; a chock, wedge, prop, or other support, to prevent slipping.


lexentry: eng/scour__Verb__1
written_rep: scour
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szorować | wyszorować
sense_list:
(transitive) To clean, polish, or wash (something) by rubbing and scrubbing it vigorously, frequently with an abrasive or cleaning agent.


lexentry: eng/scourge__Noun__1
written_rep: scourge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bicz boży
sense_list:
A source of persistent (and often widespread) pain and suffering or trouble, such as a cruel ruler, disease, pestilence, or war.


lexentry: eng/scout__Noun__1
written_rep: scout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwiadowczyni | zwiadowca
sense_list:
A person sent out to gain and bring in tidings; especially, one employed in war to gain information about the enemy and ground.


lexentry: eng/scout__Noun__1
written_rep: scout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: harcerz | skaut | harcerka | harcownik | skautka | zwiad
sense_list:
A member of any number of youth organizations belonging to the international scout movement, such as the Boy Scouts of America or Girl Scouts of the United States.


lexentry: eng/scowl__Verb__1
written_rep: scowl
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: marszczyć brwi
sense_list:
(intransitive) To wrinkle the brows, as in frowning or displeasure; to put on a frowning look; to look sour, sullen, severe, or angry.


lexentry: eng/scram__Verb__1
written_rep: scram
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odrąbać
sense_list:
(intransitive, originally, US, often, imperative) To leave in a hurry; to go away. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/scramble__Verb__1
written_rep: scramble
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: szyfrować | zaszyfrować | zaszyfrowywać
sense_list:
(transitive) To process telecommunication signals to make them unintelligible to an unauthorized listener.


lexentry: eng/scramble__Verb__1
written_rep: scramble
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: wyrwać się | wyrywać się
sense_list:
(transitive, military, also by extension) To quickly deploy (vehicles, usually aircraft) to a destination in response to an alert, usually to intercept an attacking enemy.


lexentry: eng/scrambled_egg__Noun__1
written_rep: scrambled egg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jajecznica
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) A dish made by beating and cooking eggs, sometimes mixed with milk, and typically stirred while cooking.


lexentry: eng/scrap__Noun__1
written_rep: scrap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: złom
sense_list:
(uncountable) Discarded objects (especially metal) that may be dismantled to recover their constituent materials, junk.


lexentry: eng/scrape__Verb__1
written_rep: scrape
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drapać | skrobać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To draw (an object, especially a sharp or angular one), along (something) while exerting pressure.


lexentry: eng/scrape_together__Verb__1
written_rep: scrape together
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gromadzić
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To collect, assemble or gather small amounts (especially of money), from various sources, with some difficulty


lexentry: eng/scratch__Verb__1
written_rep: scratch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drapać | skrobać
sense_list:
To rub a surface with a sharp object, especially by a living creature to remove itching with nails, claws, etc.


lexentry: eng/scratch_card__Noun__1
written_rep: scratch card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zdrapka
sense_list:
(gambling) A lottery ticket containing sections covered with an opaque waxy film which may be removed by scratching to reveal symbols that show whether or not a prize has been won.


lexentry: eng/scratch_out__Verb__1
written_rep: scratch out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gasić
sense_list:
To remove something by scratching. | To remove something which was written, by erasing or by putting a mark through it.


lexentry: eng/scream__Noun__1
written_rep: scream
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krzyk
sense_list:
A loud, emphatic, exclamation of extreme emotion, especially horror, fear, excitement, or anger; it may comprise a word or a sustained, high-pitched vowel sound.


lexentry: eng/scream__Verb__1
written_rep: scream
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krzyczeć | wrzeszczeć
sense_list:
(intransitive, also, figuratively) To cry out with a shrill voice; to utter a sudden, shout outcry, or shrill, loud cry, as in fright or extreme pain; to screech, to shriek.


lexentry: eng/screed__Noun__1
written_rep: screed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: perora | tyrada
sense_list:
(by extension) A speech or piece of writing which contains angry and extended criticism. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/screed__Noun__1
written_rep: screed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: astrych | jastrych | podkład podłogowy | szlichta
sense_list:
A smooth, flat layer of concrete, plaster, or similar material, especially if acting as a base for paving stones, tiles, wooden planks, etc.


lexentry: eng/screen__Noun__1
written_rep: screen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: siatka
sense_list:
A material woven from fine wires intended to block animals or large particles from passing while allowing gasses, liquids and finer particles to pass.


lexentry: eng/screen__Noun__1
written_rep: screen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ekran
sense_list:
The informational viewing area of electronic devices, where output is displayed. | The viewing surface or area of a movie, or moving picture or slide presentation.


lexentry: eng/screen_printing__Noun__1
written_rep: screen printing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sitodruk
sense_list:
A printing technique in which ink is forced through a woven mesh with an ink-blocking stencil on it.


lexentry: eng/screenplay__Noun__1
written_rep: screenplay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scenariusz
sense_list:
(authorship, cinematography) A script for a movie or a television show; especially, the former specifically.


lexentry: eng/screensaver__Noun__1
written_rep: screensaver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wygaszacz ekranu
sense_list:
(software) A computer program that displays aesthetic patterns or images when the computer is not being used, originally intended to prevent screenburn.


lexentry: eng/screenwriter__Noun__1
written_rep: screenwriter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scenarzysta | scenarzystka
sense_list:
One who writes for the screen, who writes drama for film or television; especially a professional who knows the conventions appropriate to such work.


lexentry: eng/screw__Noun__1
written_rep: screw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: śruba | wkręt
sense_list:
A steam vessel propelled by a screw instead of wheels. | (nautical) A ship's propeller. | (slang, derogatory) An extortioner; a sharp bargainer; a skinflint.


lexentry: eng/screw_thread__Noun__1
written_rep: screw thread
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gwint
sense_list:
(engineering) A helical ridge formed around a cylinder, or a helical groove formed around the inner wall of a bore, used mostly on fasteners and their connection points.


lexentry: eng/screw_up__Verb__1
written_rep: screw up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: spieprzyć
sense_list:
(transitive, colloquial) To make a mess of; to ruin. | (intransitive, colloquial) To blunder; to make a mistake.


lexentry: eng/screwdriver__Noun__1
written_rep: screwdriver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: śrubokręt | wkrętak
sense_list:
A hand tool or power tool which engages with the head of a screw and allows torque to be applied to turn the screw, thus driving it in or loosening it.


lexentry: eng/scribe__Noun__1
written_rep: scribe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kopista | pisarka | pisarz | skryba
sense_list:
Someone who writes; a draughtsperson; a writer for another; especially, an official or public writer; an amanuensis, secretary, notary, or copyist.


lexentry: eng/scrimshaw__Noun__1
written_rep: scrimshaw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scrimshaw
sense_list:
(countable) A small ornamental handicraft created by carving or engraving bone (originally whalebone or whales' teeth), ivory, or other materials, formerly produced by sailors on whaling ships to pass the time on long voyages. [from mid 19th c.] | (uncountable) The manufacture of small ornamental handicrafts by carving or engraving bone, ivory, or other materials, formerly by sailors on whaling ships to pass the time on long voyages. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/script__Noun__1
written_rep: script
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pismo
sense_list:
(countable, obsolete) A writing; a written document. | Written characters; style of writing. | (countable, legal) An original instrument or document.


lexentry: eng/script__Noun__1
written_rep: script
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: scenariusz
sense_list:
(countable) The written document containing the dialogue and action for a drama; the text of a stage play, movie, or other performance. Especially, the final form used for the performance itself.


lexentry: eng/script__Noun__1
written_rep: script
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: skrypt
sense_list:
(computing) A file containing a list of user commands, allowing them to be invoked once to execute in sequence. | (informal) Clipping of prescription. (for drugs or medicine)


lexentry: eng/script_kiddie__Noun__1
written_rep: script kiddie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: script kiddie
sense_list:
(informal, derogatory) A (usually amateur) hacker who compromises files on others' computers or launches attacks on computer systems, using widely distributed computer programs or scripts rather than developing their own.


lexentry: eng/scriptorium__Noun__1
written_rep: scriptorium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skryptorium
sense_list:
(countable) A room set aside for the copying, writing, or illuminating of manuscripts and records, especially such a room in a monastery.


lexentry: eng/scrofula__Noun__1
written_rep: scrofula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skrofuły
sense_list:
(pathology) A form of tuberculosis, most common in women 30-40 years of age, tending to cause enlarged and degenerated lymph nodes, especially in the neck, and often chronic, intractable skin inflammation as well.


lexentry: eng/scroll__Noun__1
written_rep: scroll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwój | zwitek
sense_list:
A roll of paper or parchment; a writing formed into a roll. | (architectural element) An ornament formed of undulations giving off spirals or sprays, usually suggestive of plant form. Roman architectural ornament is largely of some scroll pattern.


lexentry: eng/scroll__Noun__1
written_rep: scroll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: ślimak
sense_list:
(lutherie) The carved end of a violin, viola, cello or other stringed instrument, most commonly scroll-shaped but occasionally in the form of a human or animal head.


lexentry: eng/scroll__Verb__1
written_rep: scroll
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przewijać | przewinąć | scrollować
sense_list:
(transitive, computing, GUI) To change one's view of data on a computer's display by moving in gradual increments, typically using a scroll bar or a scroll wheel..


lexentry: eng/scroll_bar__Noun__1
written_rep: scroll bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasek przesuwania
sense_list:
(computing, GUI) A graphical widget in the form of a horizontal or vertical bar, on the edges of a personal computer screen, that is used to move scrollable text or images.


lexentry: eng/scroll_saw__Noun__1
written_rep: scroll saw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyrzynarka
sense_list:
A fine-toothed fretsaw with an oscillating blade that can be used to cut out curves and other complicated shapes, accurately.


lexentry: eng/scrotum__Noun__1
written_rep: scrotum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: moszna | worek mosznowy
sense_list:
(anatomy) The sac of skin and muscle that contains the testicles in most placental (boreoeutherian) mammals.


lexentry: eng/scrub__Verb__1
written_rep: scrub
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szorować | wyszorować
sense_list:
(transitive) To rub hard; to wash with rubbing; usually, to rub with a wet brush, or with something coarse or rough, for the purpose of cleaning or brightening


lexentry: eng/scruple__Noun__1
written_rep: scruple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skrupuł
sense_list:
Hesitation to act from the difficulty of determining what is right or expedient; doubt, hesitation or unwillingness due to motives of conscience.


lexentry: eng/scrupulous__Adjective__1
written_rep: scrupulous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drobiazgowy | skrupulatny
sense_list:
Exactly and carefully conducted. | Precise; exact or strict. | Wrongly feeling guilt or anxiety about one’s morality; suffering from scrupulosity.


lexentry: eng/scrutinize__Verb__1
written_rep: scrutinize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kontrolować
sense_list:
(transitive) To examine something with great care or detail, as to look for hidden or obscure flaws.


lexentry: eng/scuba__Noun__1
written_rep: scuba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwalung
sense_list:
(underwater diving) An apparatus carried by a diver, which includes a tank holding compressed, filtered air and a regulator which delivers the air to the diver at ambient pressure which can be used underwater.


lexentry: eng/scull__Noun__1
written_rep: scull
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiosło
sense_list:
A single oar mounted at the stern of a boat and moved from side to side to propel the boat forward. | One of a pair of oars handled by a single rower.


lexentry: eng/scullery_maid__Noun__1
written_rep: scullery maid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kucharka
sense_list:
(historical, in large houses) A domestic servant, of lowest status, whose job is to wash dishes and do other menial chores.


lexentry: eng/sculpin__Noun__1
written_rep: sculpin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: głowacz
sense_list:
A small fish of the family Cottidae, usually lacking scales. Often found on river bottoms and in tidal pools.


lexentry: eng/sculpture__Noun__1
written_rep: sculpture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzeźba | rzeźbiarstwo
sense_list:
(countable) A three dimensional work of art created by shaping malleable objects and letting them harden or by chipping away pieces from a rock (sculpting).


lexentry: eng/scum__Noun__1
written_rep: scum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szumowiny
sense_list:
(uncountable) A layer of impurities that accumulates at the surface of a liquid (especially molten metal or water).


lexentry: eng/scurvy-grass__Noun__1
written_rep: scurvy-grass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: warzucha
sense_list:
Any of several European plants, of the genus Cochlearia, formerly believed useful in treating scurvy.


lexentry: eng/scurvy__Noun__1
written_rep: scurvy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szkorbut
sense_list:
(disease) A disease caused by insufficient intake of vitamin C, leading to the formation of livid spots on the skin, spongy gums, loosening of the teeth and bleeding into the skin and from almost all mucous membranes.


lexentry: eng/scutch__Noun__1
written_rep: scutch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: klepaczka
sense_list:
(countable) A wooden implement shaped like a large knife used to separate the valuable fibres of flax or hemp by beating them and scraping from it the woody or coarse portions.


lexentry: eng/scute__Noun__1
written_rep: scute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tarczka
sense_list:
(zoology) A horny, chitinous, or bony external plate or scale, as on the shell of a turtle or the skin of crocodiles.


lexentry: eng/scuttle__Noun__2
written_rep: scuttle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: właz
sense_list:
A small hatch or opening in a boat, sometimes one used for draining water from open deck. | (construction) A hatch that provides access to the roof from the interior of a building.


lexentry: eng/scuttle__Verb__1
written_rep: scuttle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sabotować
sense_list:
(transitive) To deliberately sink one's ship or boat by any means, usually by order of the vessel's commander or owner.


lexentry: eng/scythe__Noun__1
written_rep: scythe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kosa
sense_list:
An instrument for mowing grass, grain, etc. by hand, composed of a long, curving blade with a sharp concave edge, fastened to a long handle called a snath. [before 10th century] | (historical) A scythe-shaped blade attached to ancient war chariots. | (cartomancy) The tenth Lenormand card.


lexentry: eng/sea_anemone__Noun__1
written_rep: sea anemone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ukwiał
sense_list:
Any of many polyps, of the order Actiniaria, which occurs in marine and estuarine habitats, and which captures its food using tentacles.


lexentry: eng/sea_bass__Noun__1
written_rep: sea bass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: labraks | moron
sense_list:
Any of various species of saltwater fish in various families, or a specimen thereof, in several families in order Perciformes


lexentry: eng/sea_hare__Noun__1
written_rep: sea hare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tasza
sense_list:
Any member of the order Aplysiamorpha or Anaspidea, large marine gastropod molluscs with a soft internal shell made of protein.


lexentry: eng/sea_horse__Noun__1
written_rep: sea horse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: konik morski | pławikonik
sense_list:
Any of various small marine fish of the genus Hippocampus that have a horselike head and swim upright.


lexentry: eng/sea_level__Noun__1
written_rep: sea level
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poziom morza
sense_list:
The nominal height of the surface of the oceans above which heights of geographical features and aircraft flight levels are measured.


lexentry: eng/sea_stack__Noun__1
written_rep: sea stack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: filar
sense_list:
(chiefly, Britain, geology) A pillar of rock that rises from the ocean, formed by surrounding softer ground eroding away.


lexentry: eng/sea_urchin__Noun__1
written_rep: sea urchin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jeżowiec
sense_list:
Any of many marine echinoderms, of the class Echinoidea, commonly found in shallow water, having a complex chewing structure named Aristotle's lantern.


lexentry: eng/seafloor_spreading__Noun__1
written_rep: seafloor spreading
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ekspansja dna oceanicznego
sense_list:
(geology) The outward movement of the seafloor from central underwater ridges as a result of plate tectonics; the major cause of continental drift.


lexentry: eng/seal__Noun__2
written_rep: seal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pieczęć
sense_list:
A stamp used to impress a design on a soft substance such as wax. | A design or insignia usually associated with an organization or an official role.


lexentry: eng/seal__Noun__2
written_rep: seal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: banderola | plomba
sense_list:
Something which will be visibly damaged if a covering or container is opened, and which may or may not bear an official design.


lexentry: eng/sealing_wax__Noun__1
written_rep: sealing wax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lak
sense_list:
Wax formerly melted onto a letter to seal it; the picture of the sender's seal was often pressed into the wax as evidence that the letter had not been opened.


lexentry: eng/seam__Noun__1
written_rep: seam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szew
sense_list:
(sewing) A folded-back and stitched piece of fabric; especially, the stitching that joins two or more pieces of fabric. | A suture.


lexentry: eng/seamanship__Noun__1
written_rep: seamanship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: praktyka morska | żeglarstwo
sense_list:
(nautical) Skill in, and knowledge of, the work of navigating, maintaining, and operating a vessel at sea.


lexentry: eng/seaplane__Noun__1
written_rep: seaplane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hydroplan | wodnosamolot
sense_list:
(aircraft, nautical) Any aircraft capable of taking off from, and alighting on the surface of water.


lexentry: eng/search_engine__Noun__1
written_rep: search engine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyszukiwarka | szukajka
sense_list:
(computing) An application that searches for, and retrieves, data based on some criteria, especially one that searches the Internet for documents containing specified words.


lexentry: eng/search_engine_optimization__Noun__1
written_rep: search engine optimization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optymalizacja dla wyszukiwarek internetowych
sense_list:
(internet) The use of various techniques to improve the ranking of a website in search engines in the hopes of attracting more visitors.


lexentry: eng/search_warrant__Noun__1
written_rep: search warrant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nakaz rewizji
sense_list:
(legal) A court order in the form of a warrant, authorizing the search of a home and/or other privacy-protected place(s), notably to seek unlawful possessions, evidence etc. as part of a judicial inquiry


lexentry: eng/season__Noun__1
written_rep: season
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sezon | pora roku
sense_list:
A part of a year when something particular happens. | (North America, Australia, broadcasting) A group of episodes of a television or radio program broadcast in regular intervals with a long break between each group, usually with one year between the beginning of each.


lexentry: eng/season_ticket__Noun__1
written_rep: season ticket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abonament
sense_list:
A ticket that is valid for all of the events in a series of related events for which individual tickets would otherwise be needed.


lexentry: eng/seasonal__Adjective__1
written_rep: seasonal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sezonowy
sense_list:
Of, related to, or reliant on a season or period of the year, especially with regard to weather characteristics.


lexentry: eng/seasoning__Noun__1
written_rep: seasoning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyprawa
sense_list:
(cooking) Something used to add taste or flavour to food, such as salt and pepper or other condiment, herb or spice.


lexentry: eng/seat__Noun__1
written_rep: seat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siedzenia | siedzenie
sense_list:
The horizontal portion of a chair or other furniture designed for sitting. | (law, E&W) One of a series of departmental placements given to a trainee solicitor as part of their training contract.


lexentry: eng/seat__Verb__1
written_rep: seat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: posadzić | sadzać
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause to occupy a post, site, or situation; to station; to establish; to fix; to settle.


lexentry: eng/seat_belt__Noun__1
written_rep: seat belt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pas bezpieczeństwa
sense_list:
(automotive) A restraining belt attached to a vehicle seat and fastened around occupants in order to keep them in place and decelerate them smoothly rather than suddenly in an accident, mitigating the risk of injury from uncontrolled impact with injurious objects.


lexentry: eng/sebaceous_gland__Noun__1
written_rep: sebaceous gland
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gruczoł łojowy
sense_list:
(anatomy) A gland of the skin which secretes an oily substance, sebum, usually into a hair follicle near the surface of the skin.


lexentry: eng/sebum__Noun__1
written_rep: sebum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łój
sense_list:
(physiology) A thick oily substance, secreted by the sebaceous glands of the skin, that consists of fat, keratin and cellular debris.


lexentry: eng/secede__Verb__1
written_rep: secede
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odłączyć się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To split from or to withdraw from membership of a political union, an alliance or an organisation. | (transitive, uncommon) To split or to withdraw one or more constituent entities from membership of a political union, an alliance or an organisation.


lexentry: eng/second-degree_murder__Noun__1
written_rep: second-degree murder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: morderstwo drugiego stopnia
sense_list:
(legal, chiefly, US, Canada) The criminal offence of murder in a form defined as less serious than first-degree murder; the precise distinction may vary by jurisdiction but typically involves second-degree murder being intentional but not premeditated.


lexentry: eng/second-guess__Verb__1
written_rep: second-guess
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krytykować | podważać | podważyć | skrytykować
sense_list:
(idiomatic) to vet or evaluate; to criticize or correct, often by hindsight, by presuming to have a better idea, method, etc.


lexentry: eng/second-level_domain__Noun__1
written_rep: second-level domain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: domena drugiego poziomu
sense_list:
(computing, Internet) A domain that is immediately subordinate to a top-level domain (whose name appears after it, with a period separating the two).


lexentry: eng/second__Adjective__1
written_rep: second
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drugi | sekunda
sense_list:
Number-two; following after the first one with nothing between them. The ordinal number corresponding to the cardinal number two.


lexentry: eng/second__Noun__1
written_rep: second
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: sekunda
sense_list:
(music) The interval between two adjacent notes in a diatonic scale (either or both of them may be raised or lowered from the basic scale via any type of accidental).


lexentry: eng/second__Noun__2
written_rep: second
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sekunda | chwila | moment
sense_list:
A unit of time historically and commonly defined as a sixtieth of a minute which the International System of Units more precisely defines as the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of caesium-133 in a ground state at a temperature of absolute zero and at rest. | (informal) A short, indeterminate amount of time.


lexentry: eng/second_cousin__Noun__1
written_rep: second cousin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kuzyn w drugiej linii | kuzynka w drugiej linii
sense_list:
A grandchild of a grandparent's sibling. | A relative who has with the other person only two great-grandparents in common, but where the parents and grandparents are different.


lexentry: eng/second_lieutenant__Noun__1
written_rep: second lieutenant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: podporucznik
sense_list:
The lowest rank of a commissioned officer in the United States Army, United States Air Force, or United States Marine Corps, below a first lieutenant. The rank of second lieutenant is equivalent to the naval rank of ensign.


lexentry: eng/second_nature__Noun__1
written_rep: second nature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: druga natura
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A mindset, skill, or type of behavior so ingrained through habit or practice that it seems natural, automatic, or without a basis in conscious thought.


lexentry: eng/second_person__Noun__1
written_rep: second person
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: druga osoba
sense_list:
(grammar) The form of a verb used when the subject of a sentence is the audience. In English, the second person is used with the pronouns thou and you. In many languages the singular, applying to one person, and plural, applying to several people, are distinct.


lexentry: eng/secondary_education__Noun__1
written_rep: secondary education
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykształcenie średnie
sense_list:
Education that follows primary education and leads to either employment or college / university education.


lexentry: eng/secondary_legislation__Noun__1
written_rep: secondary legislation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: delegacja ustawowa
sense_list:
(law) legislation enacted by a power derived from another legislation, such as one made by the executive branch within the boundaries fixed by an act of parliament.


lexentry: eng/secondary_source__Noun__1
written_rep: secondary source
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: źródło wtórne
sense_list:
(historiography) A study of past events or a past author written from the perspective of a later period of time; a document that draws on one or more historical primary sources and interprets or analyses them, including documents such as newspapers whose accuracy is open to question.


lexentry: eng/secret_admirer__Noun__1
written_rep: secret admirer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tajny wielbiciel
sense_list:
One who admires another romantically but purposely remains anonymous to the extent that the subject of the admiration is unaware of the admirer's identity.


