# translation

lexentry: eng/newel__Noun__1
written_rep: newel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słupek balustrady schodowej
sense_list:
(architecture) A central pillar around which a staircase spirals. | (architecture) A sturdy pillar at the top or bottom of a flight of stairs, supporting the handrail.


lexentry: eng/news_agency__Noun__1
written_rep: news agency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agencja prasowa
sense_list:
An organisation that gathers and distributes news to newspapers and radio and television broadcasters.


lexentry: eng/newscast__Noun__1
written_rep: newscast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiadomości
sense_list:
(broadcasting, journalism) A broadcast of the news; a news report that is transmitted over the air for television, radio, etc.


lexentry: eng/newsletter__Noun__1
written_rep: newsletter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biuletyn
sense_list:
A periodically sent publication containing current events or the like, generally on a particular topic or geared toward a limited audience.


lexentry: eng/newspaper__Noun__1
written_rep: newspaper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: gazeta | gazetówka
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) A quantity of or one of the types of paper on which newspapers are printed.


lexentry: eng/newspeak__Noun__1
written_rep: newspeak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nowomowa
sense_list:
Use of ambiguous, misleading, or euphemistic words in order to deceive the listener, especially by politicians and officials.


lexentry: eng/newsroom__Noun__1
written_rep: newsroom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: newsroom
sense_list:
The office of a news organisation, especially that part of it where the journalists work and news stories are processed.


lexentry: eng/newt__Verb__1
written_rep: newt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: traszka
sense_list:
(transitive) To turn (someone) into a newt, especially by magic. | (by extension, informal, transitive) To (usually temporarily) expel a user from a MUD or similar system


lexentry: eng/newton__Noun__1
written_rep: newton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niuton
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of force; the force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram by one metre per second per second.


lexentry: eng/niacin__Noun__1
written_rep: niacin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niacyna
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid, vitamin) A water-soluble vitamin, a component of vitamin B complex, found in meat, yeast, and dairy products; it is essential to metabolism.


lexentry: eng/nibble__Verb__1
written_rep: nibble
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: chrupać
sense_list:
Chiefly followed by at, away, or on: to take a small, quick bite, or several of such bites; to eat (at frequent intervals) with small, quick bites.


lexentry: eng/nibling__Noun__1
written_rep: nibling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziecko siostry lub brata
sense_list:
(originally, chiefly, anthropology, often, in the plural) Used especially as a gender-neutral term: the child of one's sibling or sibling-in-law; one's nephew or niece. [from 1951]


lexentry: eng/niche__Noun__1
written_rep: niche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nisza
sense_list:
(architectural element) A cavity, hollow, or recess, generally within the thickness of a wall, for a statue, bust, or other erect ornament. | (ecology) A function within an ecological system to which an organism is especially suited. | (by extension) Any position of opportunity for which one is well-suited, such as a particular market in business.


lexentry: eng/nickeline__Noun__1
written_rep: nickeline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nikielin
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral, a form of nickel arsenide, NiAs, having a metallic lustre and copper-red colour, that is a minor ore of nickel.


lexentry: eng/nickname__Noun__1
written_rep: nickname
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przezwisko | przydomek | ksywa | ksywka | nick
sense_list:
A familiar, invented name for a person or thing used instead of the actual name of the person or thing, often based on some noteworthy characteristic.


lexentry: eng/nicotine__Noun__1
written_rep: nicotine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nikotyna
sense_list:
(organic compound) An alkaloid (C10H14N2), commonly occurring in the tobacco plant. | (figuratively) Tobacco or cigarettes.


lexentry: eng/nicotine_gum__Noun__1
written_rep: nicotine gum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: guma nikotynowa
sense_list:
A form of chewing gum that slowly releases nicotine into the body; used by people who are trying to quit smoking


lexentry: eng/nictitating_membrane__Noun__1
written_rep: nictitating membrane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: migotka
sense_list:
A transparent protective fold of skin acting as an inner eyelid in birds, reptiles and some mammals.


lexentry: eng/niddy-noddy__Noun__1
written_rep: niddy-noddy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: motowidło
sense_list:
A tool used to make skeins from yarn, consisting of a central bar with crossbars at each end, offset from each other by 90°.


lexentry: eng/nidopallium__Noun__1
written_rep: nidopallium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nidopallium
sense_list:
A region of the avian brain, used mostly for some types of executive functions but also for other higher cognitive tasks.


lexentry: eng/niece__Noun__1
written_rep: niece
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bratanica | siostrzenica
sense_list:
A daughter of one’s sibling, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law; either the daughter of one's brother ("fraternal niece"), or of one's sister ("sororal niece").


lexentry: eng/niello__Noun__1
written_rep: niello
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kąkol
sense_list:
(metallurgy) Any of various black metal alloys, made of sulphur with copper, silver or lead, used to create decorative designs on other metals.


lexentry: eng/nifty__Adjective__1
written_rep: nifty
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zmyślny | zręczny
sense_list:
(colloquial, somewhat, _, dated) Good, smart; useful or beneficial, often in an impressively clever way.


lexentry: eng/nigella__Noun__1
written_rep: nigella
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czarnuszka
sense_list:
Any plant of the genus Nigella of about twelve species of annual flowering plants, the blooms of which are generally blue in colour but also found in shades of pink, white and pale purple.


lexentry: eng/nigger__Noun__1
written_rep: nigger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czarnuch | asfalt | bambus
sense_list:
(offensive, ethnic slur, vulgar, see usage notes) A black person; a person of black African descent.


lexentry: eng/night__Noun__1
written_rep: night
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: noc
sense_list:
(astronomy, countable) The period of darkness beginning at the end of evening astronomical twilight when the sun is 18 degrees below the horizon, and ending at the beginning of morning astronomical twilight. | (legal, countable) A period of time often defined in the legal system as beginning 30 minutes after sunset, and ending 30 minutes before sunrise. | (countable) An evening or night spent at a particular activity. | (uncountable) Darkness (due to it being nighttime).


lexentry: eng/night_owl__Noun__1
written_rep: night owl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nocny marek
sense_list:
(idiomatic) One who goes to bed late, or stays up late at night or in the early hours of the morning.


lexentry: eng/night_person__Noun__1
written_rep: night person
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nocny marek | sowa
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A person whose preference or custom is to remain awake and active during the evening and early morning (night) hours, and who usually sleeps during part of the daytime.


lexentry: eng/night_school__Noun__1
written_rep: night school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szkoła wieczorowa
sense_list:
A school, typically used for the purpose of continuing education with classes held predominantly in the evening to accommodate students with typical day shift work schedules.


lexentry: eng/nightcap__Noun__1
written_rep: nightcap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szlafmyca
sense_list:
(headwear) A warm cloth cap worn while sleeping, often with pajamas, being common attire in northern Europe before effective home heating became widespread. [From 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/nightclub__Noun__1
written_rep: nightclub
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: klub nocny
sense_list:
A public or private establishment that is open late at night to provide entertainment, food, drink, music or dancing.


lexentry: eng/nightcrawler__Noun__1
written_rep: nightcrawler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dżdżownica
sense_list:
An earthworm of the species Lumbricus terrestris, known for its large size and nocturnal surfacings.


lexentry: eng/nightingale__Noun__1
written_rep: nightingale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słowik | słowik rdzawy
sense_list:
A Eurasian and African songbird, Luscinia megarhynchos, family Muscicapidae, famed for its beautiful singing at night; a common nightingale.


lexentry: eng/nightjar__Noun__1
written_rep: nightjar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lelek | lelek kozodój
sense_list:
Any of various medium-sized nocturnal birds, of the family Caprimulgidae from the order Caprimulgiformes, that feed predominantly on moths and other large flying insects.


lexentry: eng/nightmare__Noun__1
written_rep: nightmare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: koszmar
sense_list:
(figuratively) Any bad, miserable, difficult or terrifying situation or experience that arouses anxiety, terror, agony or great displeasure. [from 20th c.] | (now, chiefly, historical) A feeling of extreme anxiety or suffocation experienced during sleep; sleep paralysis. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/nightmare__Noun__1
written_rep: nightmare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mara | zmora
sense_list:
(now, rare) A demon or monster, thought to plague people while they slept and cause a feeling of suffocation and terror during sleep. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/nightshade__Noun__1
written_rep: nightshade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: psianka
sense_list:
Any of the poisonous plants belonging to the genus Solanum, especially black nightshade or woody nightshade.


lexentry: eng/nightstand__Noun__1
written_rep: nightstand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nakastlik | szafka nocna
sense_list:
(US) A small table or cabinet, often with one or more drawers or shelves, placed beside the head of a bed.


lexentry: eng/nihilism__Noun__1
written_rep: nihilism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nihilizm
sense_list:
(usually, uncountable) The rejection of, or opposition to, religious beliefs, (inherent or objective) moral principles, legal rules, etc., often due to the view that life is meaningless (sense 1). | (countable, uncountable, philosophy) A doctrine grounded on the negation of one or more meaningful aspects of life; in particular, the view that nothing in the world actually exists.


lexentry: eng/nimbostratus__Noun__1
written_rep: nimbostratus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nimbostratus
sense_list:
(meteorology) A mid-level cloud, generally formless and dark grey in color, associated with precipitation. Abbreviated Ns.


lexentry: eng/nine_hundred__Numeral__1
written_rep: nine hundred
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziewięćset
sense_list:
The cardinal number occurring after eight hundred ninety-nine and before nine hundred one, represented in Arabic numerals as 900. Ordinal: nine-hundredth.


lexentry: eng/nine_men's_morris__Noun__1
written_rep: nine men's morris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: młynek
sense_list:
An ancient strategic board game for two players, each having nine pieces, and in which forming a row of three of one's own pieces earns the removal of one of the other player's pieces.


lexentry: eng/nine_o'clock__Noun__1
written_rep: nine o'clock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziewiąta
sense_list:
(In both the 12-hour clock and the 24-hour clock) The start of the tenth hour of the day; 9:00 a.m. (09:00).


lexentry: eng/nineteen__Numeral__1
written_rep: nineteen
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziewiętnaście | dziewiętnaścioro
sense_list:
The cardinal number occurring after eighteen and before twenty, represented in Roman numerals as XIX and in Arabic numerals as 19. It is the last/largest of the "teens".


lexentry: eng/ninety-eight__Numeral__1
written_rep: ninety-eight
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziewięćdziesiąt osiem
sense_list:
The cardinal number immediately following ninety-seven — ninety plus eight — and preceding ninety-nine.


lexentry: eng/ninety-eighth__Adjective__1
written_rep: ninety-eighth
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziewięćdziesiąty ósmy
sense_list:
The ordinal form of the number ninety-eight, describing a person or thing in position number 98 of a sequence.


lexentry: eng/ninety-ninth__Adjective__1
written_rep: ninety-ninth
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziewięćdziesiąty dziewiąty
sense_list:
The ordinal form of the number ninety-nine, describing a person or thing in position number 99 of a sequence.


lexentry: eng/ninety-seventh__Adjective__1
written_rep: ninety-seventh
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziewięćdziesiąty siódmy
sense_list:
The ordinal form of the number ninety-seven, describing a person or thing in position number 97 of a sequence.


lexentry: eng/ninety__Numeral__1
written_rep: ninety
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziewięćdziesiąt
sense_list:
The cardinal number occurring after eighty-nine and before ninety-one, represented in Roman numerals as XC and in Arabic numerals as 90.


lexentry: eng/ninhydrin__Noun__1
written_rep: ninhydrin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ninhydryna
sense_list:
(organic compound) The aromatic compound 2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione which is used as a reagent to detect amines


lexentry: eng/ninja__Noun__1
written_rep: ninja
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ninja
sense_list:
(martial arts) A person trained in ninjutsu, especially (historical) one used for espionage, assassination, and other tasks requiring stealth during Japan's shogunate period.


lexentry: eng/ninth__Noun__1
written_rep: ninth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: nona | dziewiąty
sense_list:
(music) The compound interval between any tone and the tone represented on the ninth degree of the staff above it, as between one of the scale and two of the octave above; the octave of the second, consisting of 13 or 14 semitones (called minor and major ninth).


lexentry: eng/niobium__Noun__1
written_rep: niobium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niob
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Nb) with an atomic number of 41: a light grey, crystalline, ductile transition metal used in superconducting materials.


lexentry: eng/nipple__Noun__1
written_rep: nipple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sutek | brodawka sutkowa
sense_list:
(anatomy) The projection of a mammary gland from which, on female therian mammals, milk is secreted. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/niqab__Noun__1
written_rep: niqab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nikab
sense_list:
A veil which covers the face (except for the eyes), worn by some Muslim women as a part of sartorial hijab.


lexentry: eng/nirvana__Noun__1
written_rep: nirvana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nirwana
sense_list:
(Buddhism) Complete cessation of dukkha; a blissful state attained through realization of sunyata; enlightened experience.


lexentry: eng/nisin__Noun__1
written_rep: nisin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nizyna
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A polycyclic peptide produced by fermentation with the bacterium Lactococcus lactis; used as a preservative in processed cheese etc.


lexentry: eng/nitpicking__Noun__1
written_rep: nitpicking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szykana
sense_list:
(figuratively, by extension) A process of finding or pointing out tiny details or errors, particularly if the pointed-out details seem insignificant or irrelevant to all but the finder.


lexentry: eng/nitric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: nitric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas azotowy
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A transparent, colorless to pale yellow, fuming corrosive liquid, HNO3; a highly reactive oxidizing agent used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and rocket fuels and in a wide variety of industrial processes; once called aqua fortis.


lexentry: eng/nitric_oxide__Noun__1
written_rep: nitric oxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tlenek azotu
sense_list:
(chemistry) the binary compound of nitrogen and oxygen NO; an unstable compound which rapidly oxidizes in the presence of air.


lexentry: eng/nitrile__Noun__1
written_rep: nitrile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nitryl
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of a class of organic compounds containing a cyano functional group −C≡N; they are named as derivatives of the appropriate carboxylic acid.


lexentry: eng/nitrobacterium__Noun__1
written_rep: nitrobacterium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azotobakter
sense_list:
Any of the several genera of bacteria in soil that take part in the nitrogen cycle, oxidizing ammonium and organic nitrogen compounds to the more soluble nitrite and nitrate.


lexentry: eng/nitrocellulose__Noun__1
written_rep: nitrocellulose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bawełna strzelnicza
sense_list:
(organic compound) A cotton-like material, made from cellulose by the action of nitric and sulphuric acids, used in the manufacture of explosives, collodion etc.


lexentry: eng/nitrogen__Noun__1
written_rep: nitrogen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azot
sense_list:
(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol N) with an atomic number of 7 and atomic weight of 14.0067. It is a colorless and odorless gas.


lexentry: eng/nitrogen_cycle__Noun__1
written_rep: nitrogen cycle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cykl azotowy | cykl nitryfikacyjny
sense_list:
The natural circulation of nitrogen, in which atmospheric nitrogen is converted to nitrogen oxides by lightning and deposited in the soil by rain, where it is assimilated by plants and either eaten by animals (and returned as faeces) or decomposed back to elemental nitrogen by bacteria.


lexentry: eng/nitrogen_dioxide__Noun__1
written_rep: nitrogen dioxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dwutlenek azotu
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The binary compound NO₂, a brownish gas that is a poisonous air pollutant; it exists in equilibrium with dinitrogen tetroxide.


lexentry: eng/nitroglycerine__Noun__1
written_rep: nitroglycerine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nitrogliceryna
sense_list:
(organic compound) The compound glyceryl-tri-nitrate or 1,2,3 tri-nitrooxy propane; the ester of glycerol with nitric acid; prepared by the careful addition of a mixture of nitric and sulphuric acids to glycerol with constant stirring and cooling; it is a thick, pale yellow liquid, that is highly explosive on concussion or on exposure to sudden heat; it is used in medicine as a vasodilator, and as an explosive in the form of dynamite which is safe to handle.


lexentry: eng/nitrometer__Noun__1
written_rep: nitrometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azotometr
sense_list:
(chemistry) An apparatus for determining the amount of nitrogen or some of its compounds in a substance.


lexentry: eng/nitrous__Adjective__1
written_rep: nitrous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: azotawy
sense_list:
(chemistry) Of, relating to, or derived from nitrogen, especially in which the valence of the nitrogen is lower than that of a corresponding nitric species. [from 17th c.] | (chemistry) Of or relating to nitrous acid or its derivatives.


lexentry: eng/nitrous_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: nitrous acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas azotawy
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A weak acid, HNO2, known only in solution, or as its salts and esters, the nitrites; it has a linear structure, H-O-N=O


lexentry: eng/nitrous_oxide__Noun__1
written_rep: nitrous oxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gaz rozweselający | podtlenek azotu
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A non-flammable gas (N₂O) commonly used in surgery and dentistry for its anaesthetic and analgesic effects and in motorsport for bursts of added power.


lexentry: eng/no-show__Noun__1
written_rep: no-show
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieobecność
sense_list:
An absence; failure to show up or to make a scheduled appearance, especially at a hotel or a place of employment.


lexentry: eng/no__Particle__1
written_rep: no
part_of_speech: particle
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie
sense_list:
Used to show disagreement, negation, denial, refusal, or prohibition. | Used to show agreement with a negative question.


lexentry: eng/no_comment__Phrase__1
written_rep: no comment
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bez komentarza
sense_list:
(idiomatic) An official refusal to relay any further information, used for example in response to a question by a newspaper reporter or police officer. [from c. 1950] | (idiomatic, somewhat, sarcastic) A refusal to make the obvious impolite retort.


lexentry: eng/no_hard_feelings__Phrase__1
written_rep: no hard feelings
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bez urazy
sense_list:
(idiomatic) (I, etc.) hold no lingering anger or resentment toward (you, etc.); there's no bad blood between (us, etc.).


lexentry: eng/no_holds_barred__Adjective__1
written_rep: no holds barred
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wszystkie chwyty dozwolone
sense_list:
(figurative ) Having absolutely no limits or restrictions as far as the levels and nature of one's hostilities and offense; taking to an especially ruthless or vicious manner.


lexentry: eng/no_kidding__Interjection__1
written_rep: no kidding
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bez jaj
sense_list:
(colloquial) An exclamation of amazement. | (colloquial, sarcastic) Said in response to an obvious statement.


lexentry: eng/no_man's_land__Noun__1
written_rep: no man's land
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ziemia niczyja
sense_list:
The stretch of land between the border posts of two contiguous sovereign states, sometimes separated by great distance.


lexentry: eng/no_pain,_no_gain__Proverb__1
written_rep: no pain, no gain
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
One must be willing to endure some inconvenience or discomfort in order to achieve worthwhile goals.

trans_list:
bez pracy nie ma kołaczy | bez pracy nie ma macy | bez zachodu nie ma miodu | kto ma ręce do pracy, ten się naje kołaczy | pieczone gołąbki nie lecą same do gąbki | żeby mieć kołaczy, trzeba użyć pracy


lexentry: eng/no_parking__Phrase__1
written_rep: no parking
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakaz parkowania
sense_list:
On a traffic sign, indicates that parking a vehicle is not allowed within the area of influence of the sign.


lexentry: eng/no_smoking__Phrase__1
written_rep: no smoking
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakaz palenia
sense_list:
A phrase used in notices indicating that the smoking of cigarettes, etc., is not permitted in the surrounding area.


lexentry: eng/no_use__Noun__1
written_rep: no use
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezużyteczny
sense_list:
Condition of being pointless, useless, not worth doing, especially because it is not likely to succeed.


lexentry: eng/nob__Noun__1
written_rep: nob
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: nakrętka
sense_list:
(slang) The glans penis, the sensitive bulbous structure at the end of the penis also known as the head of the penis. (Also spelled knob.)


lexentry: eng/nobility__Noun__1
written_rep: nobility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szlachta
sense_list:
A noble or privileged social class, historically accompanied by a hereditary title; aristocracy. | (uncountable) The quality of being noble.


lexentry: eng/noble__Adjective__1
written_rep: noble
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szlachetny
sense_list:
Having honorable qualities; having moral eminence and freedom from anything petty, mean or dubious in conduct and character. | Of exalted rank; of or relating to the nobility; distinguished from the masses by birth, station, or title; highborn.


lexentry: eng/noble_gas__Noun__1
written_rep: noble gas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gaz szlachetny
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of the elements of group 18 of the periodic table, being monatomic, usually inert (with very limited exceptions), and gaseous at familiar temperatures.


lexentry: eng/noble_metal__Noun__1
written_rep: noble metal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: metal szlachetny
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry, alchemy) A metal resistant to corrosion, oxidizing and tarnishing, such as gold or platinum.


lexentry: eng/noble_savage__Noun__1
written_rep: noble savage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szlachetny dzikus
sense_list:
(literature) A stock character embodying the concept of an idealized indigene or outsider who has not been corrupted by civilization and therefore symbolizes humanity's innate goodness.


lexentry: eng/noblesse_oblige__Noun__1
written_rep: noblesse oblige
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szlachectwo zobowiązuje
sense_list:
The honourable obligation that is the responsibility of those of high rank; in American English this often includes the expectation of benevolent actions such as helping those less fortunate.


lexentry: eng/nobody's_perfect__Phrase__1
written_rep: nobody's perfect
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nikt nie jest doskonały
sense_list:
Used when someone's mistakes or flaws are acknowledged, to remind that everyone else makes mistakes and has flaws.


lexentry: eng/nocebo__Noun__1
written_rep: nocebo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nocebo
sense_list:
(pharmacology, also, _, attributive) A substance which a patient experiences as harmful due to a previous negative perception, but which is in fact pharmacologically (medicinally) inactive. [from 1961]


lexentry: eng/nocturnal__Adjective__1
written_rep: nocturnal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nocny
sense_list:
(of a person, creature, group, or species) Primarily active during the night. | (of an occurrence) Taking place at night, nightly.


lexentry: eng/node__Noun__1
written_rep: node
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: węzeł
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point where the orbit of a planet, as viewed from the Sun, intersects the ecliptic. The ascending and descending nodes refer respectively to the points where the planet moves from South to North and N to S; their respective symbols are ☊ and ☋. | (graph theory) A vertex or a leaf in a graph of a network, or other element in a data structure. | (physics) A point along a standing wave where the wave has minimal amplitude.


lexentry: eng/noise__Noun__1
written_rep: noise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: szum
sense_list:
Sound or signal generated by random fluctuations. | (technology) Any part of a signal or data that reduces the clarity, precision, or quality of the desired output.


lexentry: eng/noisy_miner__Noun__1
written_rep: noisy miner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: miodożer maskowy
sense_list:
A grey honeyeater (Manorina melanocephala), that has a large range of songs, calls, and alarms, is endemic to eastern and south-eastern Australia, and has a black head, orange-yellow beak and feet, and a yellow patch behind the eye.


lexentry: eng/nomad__Noun__1
written_rep: nomad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nomada | koczownik | koczowniczka
sense_list:
(anthropology) A member of a society or class who herd animals from pasture to pasture with no fixed home.


lexentry: eng/nombril__Noun__1
written_rep: nombril
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piasta
sense_list:
(heraldry) A point halfway between the fess point (centre of the shield) and the middle base (bottom) point of an escutcheon.


lexentry: eng/nomenklatura__Noun__1
written_rep: nomenklatura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nomenklatura
sense_list:
A list of bureaucratic posts in government and industry in the former Soviet Union and other communist countries, filled by those appointed by the Party. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/nominal__Adjective__1
written_rep: nominal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nominalny
sense_list:
Of, resembling, relating to, or consisting of a name or names. | Existing in name only. | (economics) Without adjustment to remove the effects of inflation. | (statistics, of a variable) Having values whose order is insignificant.


lexentry: eng/nominal__Adjective__1
written_rep: nominal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: nominalny | rzeczownikowy
sense_list:
(finance) Of, relating to, or being the amount or face value of a sum of money or a stock certificate, for example, and not the purchasing power or market value.


lexentry: eng/nominal__Noun__1
written_rep: nominal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nominal
sense_list:
(grammar) A part of speech that shares features with nouns and adjectives. (Depending on the language, it may comprise nouns, adjectives, possibly numerals, pronouns, and participles.)


lexentry: eng/nominalism__Noun__1
written_rep: nominalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nominalizm
sense_list:
(philosophy) A doctrine that universals do not have an existence except as names for classes of concrete objects.


lexentry: eng/nominalization__Noun__1
written_rep: nominalization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nominalizacja | substantywizacja
sense_list:
(linguistics, countable) A noun derived from an adjective, verb, etc., often (in English) by adding a suffix such as -ity, -tion or -ism.


lexentry: eng/nominalizer__Noun__1
written_rep: nominalizer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nominalizator
sense_list:
(linguistics) Anything, usually an affixed morpheme or a particle, that changes another part of speech into a noun.


lexentry: eng/nominative_absolute__Noun__1
written_rep: nominative absolute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nominatywno-absolutywny
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatically independent element of a sentence conveying additional circumstances; present:


lexentry: eng/nominee__Noun__1
written_rep: nominee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kandydat | nominat
sense_list:
A person named, or designated, by another, to any office, duty, or position; one nominated, or proposed, by others for office or for election to office.


lexentry: eng/nomogram__Noun__1
written_rep: nomogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nomogram
sense_list:
(mathematics) A diagram in which the relationship between three variables is represented by a straight line or curve for each variable; the value of the third variable corresponding to particular values of the first two is obtained by drawing a straight line through the points on the first two curves that represent particular values of the first two variables and noting the point at which the line intersects the third line or curve.


lexentry: eng/non-Euclidean_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: non-Euclidean geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: geometria nieeuklidesowa
sense_list:
(geometry) Any system of geometry not based on the set of axioms of Euclidean geometry, which is based on the three-dimensional space of common experience.


lexentry: eng/non-binary__Adjective__1
written_rep: non-binary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: niebinarny | niebinarna | niebinarne
sense_list:
Having or pertaining to a gender identity not represented by the gender binary; not exclusively male or female; genderqueer.


lexentry: eng/non-breaking_space__Noun__1
written_rep: non-breaking space
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spacja niełamiąca
sense_list:
(computing) A variant of the space character that prevents text from wrapping onto the next line at that point.


lexentry: eng/non-commissioned_officer__Noun__1
written_rep: non-commissioned officer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podoficer
sense_list:
A person of authority in the military who has not received a commission (a direct conveyance of authority from the sovereign government); as such they can have charge or control but not command in the most technical use of the word.


lexentry: eng/non-finite_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: non-finite verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czasownik nieodmienny
sense_list:
(grammar) A verb form that lacks a subject, is not inflected by tense, aspect, mood, number, gender or person and cannot serve as a predicate.


lexentry: eng/non-governmental_organization__Noun__1
written_rep: non-governmental organization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: organizacja pozarządowa
sense_list:
A legally constituted non-commercial organization (created by natural or legal persons) with no direct control, participation or representation of a state or government, whose funding, however, may be largely public (which creates the possibility of indirect control).


lexentry: eng/non-gradable__Adjective__1
written_rep: non-gradable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: niestopniowalny
sense_list:
(linguistics) (of an adjective) Describing a quality that cannot normally be varied because it is extreme (e.g. freezing), absolute (e.g. dead), or classification (e.g. nuclear).


lexentry: eng/non-refoulement__Noun__1
written_rep: non-refoulement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zasada non-refoulement
sense_list:
(international law) The principle that a person (particularly a refugee) should not be returned to an area (chiefly their country of origin) where they would face mistreatment.


lexentry: eng/non-verbal__Adjective__1
written_rep: non-verbal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niewerbalny
sense_list:
(of communication) In a form other than written or spoken words, such as gestures, facial expressions or body language.


lexentry: eng/non-word__Noun__1
written_rep: non-word
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niesłowo
sense_list:
(linguistics) Any sequence of sounds or letters which is not considered to be a word, whether through an accidental gap (for example, phextapher-styphren) or through a systematic gap (for example, fssstpklyitnbkdv). | (informal) Any term that is not among the words of a language as those have often traditionally been defined by nonlinguists (for example, having syllables, and having come from centuries-old predecessor words): thus, an abbreviation, acronym, initialism, alphanumeric symbol, number written in digits (Arabic numerals 0 to 9), or logographic symbol.


lexentry: eng/non_sequitur__Noun__1
written_rep: non sequitur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: żart polegający na założeniu słuchacza
sense_list:
(comedy) A kind of pun that uses a change of word, subject, or meaning to make a joke of the listener’s expectation.


lexentry: eng/nonconformity__Noun__1
written_rep: nonconformity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nonkonformizm
sense_list:
Refusal to conform to the doctrine, discipline, or practice of a state religion, especially refusal by other Protestants to conform to the doctrine or discipline of the Church of England; the principles or practice of nonconformists; nonconformists as a class.


lexentry: eng/noncototient__Noun__1
written_rep: noncototient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niekotocjent
sense_list:
(mathematics) An integer that cannot be expressed as the difference between a positive integer and the number of coprime integers below it


lexentry: eng/nondeterministic_Turing_machine__Noun__1
written_rep: nondeterministic Turing machine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niedeterministyczna maszyna Turinga
sense_list:
(computer science) A variant of a Turing machine whose governing rules may specify more than one possible action for any given combination of the state of the machine and symbol being read.


lexentry: eng/none_of_your_beeswax__Phrase__1
written_rep: none of your beeswax
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie twoja sprawa
sense_list:
A riposte to badgering questioning, expressing a refusal to answer, and an insistence that the questioner cease prying any further.


lexentry: eng/none_other_than__Phrase__1
written_rep: none other than
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nikt inny jak
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Used to qualify a person whose eminence may be more than one would expect in the given situation.


lexentry: eng/nonfiction__Noun__1
written_rep: nonfiction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: literatura faktu
sense_list:
Written works intended to give facts, or true accounts of real things and events. Often used attributively.


lexentry: eng/nonfree__Adjective__1
written_rep: nonfree
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płatny
sense_list:
(rare) Not free, not free of charge, that costs money, that must be paid for, that must be purchased; paid (as in paid service); pay (as in pay channel); cash (as in cash bar); paywalled (as in paywalled content).


lexentry: eng/nonkilling__Noun__1
written_rep: nonkilling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: niezabijanie
sense_list:
(countable) An action or occurrence other than a direct killing (but possibly having a similar effect).


lexentry: eng/nonmetal__Noun__1
written_rep: nonmetal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niemetal
sense_list:
(chemistry) An element, such as phosphorus or chlorine, that does not have the chemical or physical properties of a metal.


lexentry: eng/nonpareil__Noun__1
written_rep: nonpareil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: nonparel
sense_list:
(uncountable, typography, chiefly, historical) A size of type between ruby and emerald (or, in the United States, between agate and minion), standardized as 6-point; (countable) a slug of this size.


lexentry: eng/nonpracticing__Adjective__1
written_rep: nonpracticing
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niepraktykujący
sense_list:
Not practicing; of a person in a particular profession, not engaged in the practice of that profession; of a person born into a particular religion, not abiding by the rituals and mores of that religion.


lexentry: eng/nonprofit__Noun__1
written_rep: nonprofit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: organizacja non-profit
sense_list:
Ellipsis of nonprofit organization (“an organization that exists for reasons other than to make a profit, such as a charitable, educational or service organization”).


lexentry: eng/nonrepudiation__Noun__1
written_rep: nonrepudiation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: niezaprzeczalność
sense_list:
(telecommunication) Assurance that the claimed sender or recipient is in fact the party who sent or received a given message.


lexentry: eng/nonstandard__Adjective__1
written_rep: nonstandard
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nieliteracki | nienormatywny | niestandardowy | substandardowy
sense_list:
(linguistics) Not conforming to the standard variety, or to the language as used by the majority of its speakers.


lexentry: eng/nonvirile__Adjective__1
written_rep: nonvirile
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: niemęskoosobowy
sense_list:
(grammar) Pertaining to a grammatical gender used in some Slavic languages for plurals of masculine animate, masculine inanimate, feminine, and neuter nouns, i.e. for all groups that do not include men or personal masculine nouns.


lexentry: eng/nonwoven__Noun__1
written_rep: nonwoven
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: włóknina
sense_list:
Any of various fabriclike materials made from long fibres bonded together by chemical or mechanical processes.


lexentry: eng/noob__Noun__1
written_rep: noob
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nowicjusz
sense_list:
(Internet slang, chiefly, derogatory) A newb or newbie; refers to the idea that someone is new to a game, concept, or idea; implying a lack of experience. Also, in some areas the word noob can mean someone is obsessed with things.


lexentry: eng/noodle__Noun__1
written_rep: noodle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kluski | nudle
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) A string or flat strip of pasta or other dough, usually cooked (at least initially) by boiling, and served in soup or in a dry form mixed with a sauce and other ingredients.


lexentry: eng/noogie__Noun__1
written_rep: noogie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czochranie
sense_list:
(slang) An act of putting a person in a headlock and rubbing one's knuckles on the other person's head, often a playful gesture of affection when done lightly.


lexentry: eng/nook_and_cranny__Noun__1
written_rep: nook and cranny
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakamarek
sense_list:
(idiomatic, with "any" or "every") A place or part of a place, especially one that is small, remote, or tedious to access.


lexentry: eng/noose__Noun__1
written_rep: noose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pętla | stryczek
sense_list:
An adjustable loop of rope, such as the one placed around the neck in hangings, or the one at the end of a lasso.


lexentry: eng/nopal__Noun__1
written_rep: nopal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opuncja
sense_list:
A prickly pear cactus from the genus Opuntia, especially Opuntia cochinellifera; the edible pads (fleshy leaves) of the cactus, considered as food.


lexentry: eng/nor__Conjunction__1
written_rep: nor
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ani
sense_list:
(literary) And... not (introducing a negative statement, without necessarily following one). | (formal, dated) A function word introducing each except the first term of a series, indicating none of them is true. | (archaic) Neither. | (formal, dated) Used to introduce a further negative statement. | (UK, dialect) Than.


lexentry: eng/norepinephrine__Noun__1
written_rep: norepinephrine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: noradrenalina
sense_list:
(neurotransmitter) A neurotransmitter found in the locus coeruleus which is synthesized from dopamine.


lexentry: eng/norm__Noun__1
written_rep: norm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: norma
sense_list:
That which is normal or typical. | A rule that is imposed by regulations and/or socially enforced by members of a community. | (mathematics) A function which satisfies a particular set of formal conditions, created to generalize the notion of the length of a vector. Formally, a real-valued function on a vector space, generally denoted v\mapsto\left|v\right| or v\mapsto\left\|v\right\|, that satisfies the following properties:


lexentry: eng/normal__Adjective__1
written_rep: normal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: normalny | zwykły | zwyczajny
sense_list:
(set theory, of a function from the ordinals to the ordinals) Which is strictly monotonically increasing and continuous with respect to the order topology.


lexentry: eng/normal__Adjective__1
written_rep: normal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: normalny
sense_list:
Usual, healthy; not sick or ill or unlike oneself. | (education, of a school) Teaching teachers how to teach; teaching teachers the norms of education.


lexentry: eng/normal__Noun__1
written_rep: normal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: normik
sense_list:
(slang, countable) A person who is normal, who fits into mainstream society, as opposed to those who live alternative lifestyles.


lexentry: eng/normal_distribution__Noun__1
written_rep: normal distribution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozkład normalny
sense_list:
(statistics) Any of a family of continuous probability distributions such that the probability density function is the Gaussian function


lexentry: eng/normal_subgroup__Noun__1
written_rep: normal subgroup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podgrupa normalna
sense_list:
(group theory) A subgroup H of a group G that is invariant under conjugation; that is, for all elements h of H and for all elements g in G, the element ghg−1 is in H.


lexentry: eng/normal_time__Noun__1
written_rep: normal time
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: regulaminowy czas
sense_list:
(sports) The standard period of play, contrasted with any additional periods such as injury time, extra time or penalty shootout.


lexentry: eng/normality__Noun__1
written_rep: normality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: normalność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being normal or usual; normalcy. | (chemistry) The concentration of a solution expressed in gram equivalent weights of solute per litre of solution.


lexentry: eng/normalization__Noun__1
written_rep: normalization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: normalizacja
sense_list:
Any process that makes something more normal or regular, which typically means conforming to some regularity or rule, or returning from some state of abnormality.


lexentry: eng/normalize__Verb__1
written_rep: normalize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: normalizować | znormalizować
sense_list:
(transitive) To make normal, to bring into alignment with an established standard. | (transitive) To format in a standardized manner, to make consistent.


lexentry: eng/north__Adjective__1
written_rep: north
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: północny
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to the north; northern. | Toward the north; northward. | (ecclesiastical) Designating, or situated in, the liturgical north (in a church, the direction to the left-hand side of a person facing the altar).


lexentry: eng/north__Noun__1
written_rep: north
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: północ
sense_list:
The direction towards the pole to the left-hand side of someone facing east, specifically 0°, or (on another celestial object) the direction towards the pole lying on the northern side of the invariable plane. | The up or positive direction. | (physics) The positive or north pole of a magnet, which seeks the magnetic pole near Earth's geographic North Pole (which, for its magnetic properties, is a south pole). | Alternative letter-case form of North (“a northern region; the inhabitants thereof”). [circa 1300] | (ecclesiastical) In a church: the direction to the left-hand side of a person facing the altar.


lexentry: eng/north_by_west__Noun__1
written_rep: north by west
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: północ ku zachodowi
sense_list:
The compass point halfway between north and north-northwest, specifically 348.75°, abbreviated as NbW.


lexentry: eng/north_pole__Noun__1
written_rep: north pole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biegun północny
sense_list:
The northernmost point on celestial bodies other than Earth. | (electromagnetism) The positive pole of a magnetic dipole that seeks geographic north.


lexentry: eng/northeast_by_east__Noun__1
written_rep: northeast by east
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: północny wschód ku wschodowi
sense_list:
The compass point halfway between northeast and east-northeast, specifically 56.25°, abbreviated as NEbE.


lexentry: eng/northeast_by_north__Noun__1
written_rep: northeast by north
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: północny wschód ku północy
sense_list:
The compass point halfway between northeast and north-northeast, specifically 33.75°, abbreviated as NEbN.


lexentry: eng/northern__Adjective__1
written_rep: northern
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: północny
sense_list:
Of, facing, situated in, or related to the north; northerly. | (of a wind) Blowing from the north; northerly.


lexentry: eng/northern_birch_mouse__Noun__1
written_rep: northern birch mouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: smużka leśna
sense_list:
A rodent classified in the family Sminthidae, Sicista betulina that is found in subarctic and cool temperate Asia from Scandinavia to Lake Baikal.


lexentry: eng/northern_brushtail_possum__Noun__1
written_rep: northern brushtail possum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kitanka północna
sense_list:
A species of possum, Trichosurus arnhemensis, endemic to northern Australia; sometimes considered a subspecies of the brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula.


lexentry: eng/northern_firmoss__Noun__1
written_rep: northern firmoss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wroniec widlasty
sense_list:
A firmoss of species Huperzia selago of temperate and boreal environments in the Northern Hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/northern_fur_seal__Noun__1
written_rep: northern fur seal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koticzak niedźwiedziowaty
sense_list:
A fur seal of the species Callorhinus ursinus (formerly Arctocephalus ursinus), of the northern Pacific.


lexentry: eng/northern_shoveler__Noun__1
written_rep: northern shoveler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płaskonos
sense_list:
Spatula clypeata, formerly Anas clypeata, a duck breeding in northern areas of Europe and across the Palearctic and across most of North America.


lexentry: eng/northern_shrike__Noun__1
written_rep: northern shrike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: srokosz północny
sense_list:
Lanius borealis, a large songbird species in the shrike family (Laniidae) native to North America and Siberia.


lexentry: eng/northerner__Noun__1
written_rep: northerner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: północny
sense_list:
A native or inhabitant of the north of a region (or of the world as a whole), such as one of the northern United States, the north of Norway, etc.


lexentry: eng/northwest_by_north__Noun__1
written_rep: northwest by north
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: północny zachód ku północy
sense_list:
The compass point halfway between northwest and north-northwest, specifically 326.25°, abbreviated as NWbN.


lexentry: eng/northwest_by_west__Noun__1
written_rep: northwest by west
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: północny zachód ku zachodowi
sense_list:
The compass point halfway between northwest and west-northwest, specifically 303.75°, abbreviated as NWbW.


lexentry: eng/nose__Noun__1
written_rep: nose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nos
sense_list:
A protuberance on the face housing the nostrils, which are used to breathe or smell. | A snout, the nose of an animal. | The tip of an object. | The skill in recognising bouquet.


lexentry: eng/nose_out_of_joint__Noun__1
written_rep: nose out of joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mieć po dziurki w nosie
sense_list:
(idiomatic) An emotional state where someone is in a bad mood because they have been offended by or taken exception (objected) to some action, usually involving being seen in an inferior light to another person.


lexentry: eng/nosebleed__Noun__1
written_rep: nosebleed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krwawienie z nosa
sense_list:
Haemorrhage from the nose (usually, blood flow exiting the nostrils that originates from the nasal cavity).


lexentry: eng/nosebleed_section__Noun__1
written_rep: nosebleed section
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kurnik
sense_list:
(North American) The seats high in the back of bleachers, stands, or the balcony at a theater or stadium, usually cheaper and with a poorer view than other seats.


lexentry: eng/noseclip__Noun__1
written_rep: noseclip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zacisk na nos
sense_list:
A device that holds a person's nostrils closed to prevent water from entering, or air from escaping, during swimming and other aquatic activities.


lexentry: eng/nosegay__Noun__1
written_rep: nosegay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bukiecik
sense_list:
A small bunch of fragrant flowers or herbs tied in a bundle, often presented as a gift; nosegays were originally intended to be put to the nose for the pleasant sensation or to mask unpleasant odours. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/nostril__Noun__1
written_rep: nostril
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nozdrze
sense_list:
Either of the two orifices located on the nose (or on the beak of a bird); used as a passage for air and other gases to travel the nasal passages.


lexentry: eng/nostrum__Noun__1
written_rep: nostrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panaceum
sense_list:
A medicine or remedy in conventional use which has not been proven to have any desirable medical effects.


lexentry: eng/nostrum__Noun__1
written_rep: nostrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lekarstwo
sense_list:
(by extension) An ineffective but favorite remedy for a problem, usually involving political action.


lexentry: eng/not_at_all__Interjection__1
written_rep: not at all
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie ma za co | proszę
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Used similarly to you're welcome, as a conventional reply to an expression of gratitude.


lexentry: eng/not_my_circus,_not_my_monkeys__Phrase__1
written_rep: not my circus, not my monkeys
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie mój cyrk, nie moje małpy
sense_list:
(colloquial) It is not my problem; it's none of my business; indicates that one is not responsible for controlling or changing a volatile or delicate situation.


lexentry: eng/not_one's_first_rodeo__Phrase__1
written_rep: not one's first rodeo
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie pierwszyzna
sense_list:
(informal, idiomatic) Not the first time one has been in a particular situation; used to indicate past experience.


lexentry: eng/not_so_fast__Phrase__1
written_rep: not so fast
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie tak szybko
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Used to tell someone to cease doing something or to call into question what someone has said.


lexentry: eng/not_to_mention__Conjunction__1
written_rep: not to mention
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: co dopiero | nie mówiąc już o | nie mówiąc o | nie wspominając już o | nie wspominając o
sense_list:
(idiomatic) An apophasis used by a speaker to introduce, despite claiming not to address, a given point of discussion.


lexentry: eng/not_to_put_too_fine_a_point_on_it__Phrase__1
written_rep: not to put too fine a point on it
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mówiąc bez ogródek
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Used to apologize for a possibly impolite statement one is making; to put it bluntly; to express it in plain terms.


lexentry: eng/not_touch_with_a_ten-foot_pole__Verb__1
written_rep: not touch with a ten-foot pole
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: unikać za wszelką cenę
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To avoid something at all costs; to refuse to associate with something; signifies a strong aversion.


lexentry: eng/notary__Noun__1
written_rep: notary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: notariusz | notariuszka
sense_list:
(legal, Canada, US) A notary public, a public officer who serves as an impartial witness to the signing of important documents, but who is not authorised to practise law.


lexentry: eng/notary_public__Noun__1
written_rep: notary public
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: notariusz
sense_list:
(law) An officer who can administer oaths and statutory declarations, witness and authenticate documents and perform certain other acts varying from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/notation__Noun__1
written_rep: notation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: notacja
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) A system of characters, symbols, or abbreviated expressions used in an art or science or in mathematics or logic to express technical facts or quantities.


lexentry: eng/note__Noun__1
written_rep: note
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nota | wzmianka | nuta
sense_list:
A brief remark; a marginal comment or explanation; hence, an annotation on a text or author; a comment; a critical, explanatory, or illustrative observation.


lexentry: eng/note__Noun__1
written_rep: note
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: notatka | notka
sense_list:
A brief piece of writing intended to assist the memory; a memorandum; a minute. | A short informal letter; a billet.


lexentry: eng/note__Noun__1
written_rep: note
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: nuta
sense_list:
(music) A sound. | A character, variously formed, to indicate the length of a tone, and variously placed upon the staff to indicate its pitch.


lexentry: eng/notebook__Noun__1
written_rep: notebook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zeszyt | notes | kajet
sense_list:
(computing, sometimes, attributive) A kind of user interface in literate programming, allowing calculations to be interspersed with human-readable comments, diagrams, etc.


lexentry: eng/notice__Noun__1
written_rep: notice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: wymówienie
sense_list:
(chiefly, uncountable) Advance notification of termination of employment, given by an employer to an employee or vice versa.


lexentry: eng/notice_period__Noun__1
written_rep: notice period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okres wypowiedzenia
sense_list:
(labour law) The time period between the receipt of the letter of dismissal and the last working day.


lexentry: eng/nougat__Noun__1
written_rep: nougat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nugat
sense_list:
(uncountable) A mixture consisting of egg white and a sweetener, variously mixed with (in, _, western, _, Europe) almonds or (in, _, eastern, _, Europe) hazelnuts or (in, _, America) used without nuts as a filler in candy bars.


lexentry: eng/nought__Noun__1
written_rep: nought
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zero
sense_list:
(UK, Irish, Commonwealth) Not any quantity of number; zero; the score of no points in a game. | (UK, Irish, Commonwealth) The figure or character representing, or having the shape of, zero.


lexentry: eng/noumenal__Adjective__1
written_rep: noumenal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: noumenalny
sense_list:
(philosophy, especially Kantianism) Of or pertaining to the noumenon or the realm of things as they are in themselves.


lexentry: eng/noumenon__Noun__1
written_rep: noumenon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: noumen | noumenon | rzecz sama w sobie
sense_list:
(from Kantian, _, philosophy, _, on) A thing as it is independent of any conceptualization or perception by the human mind, postulated by practical reason but existing in a condition which is in principle unknowable and unexperienceable.


lexentry: eng/noun__Noun__1
written_rep: noun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzeczownik | imię
sense_list:
(grammar, narrowly) A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as person, animal, place, word, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality, or idea: one of the basic parts of speech in many languages, including English.


lexentry: eng/noun__Noun__1
written_rep: noun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: imię
sense_list:
(grammar, now, rare, loosely) Either a word that can be used to refer to a person, animal, place, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality or idea, or a word that modifies or describes a previous word or its referent; a substantive or adjective, sometimes also including other parts of speech such as numeral or pronoun. | (computing) An object within a user interface to which a certain action or transformation (i.e., verb) is applied.


lexentry: eng/noun_phrase__Noun__1
written_rep: noun phrase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fraza rzeczownikowa | grupa nominalna
sense_list:
(grammar) A phrase that has a noun (or indefinite pronoun) as its head or performs the same grammatical function as a noun.


lexentry: eng/nourish__Verb__1
written_rep: nourish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rosnąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To feed and cause to grow; to supply with food or other matter which increases weight and promotes health. | (transitive) To encourage; to foster; to stimulate


lexentry: eng/nourish__Verb__1
written_rep: nourish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: wychować
sense_list:
(transitive, of a person) To educate or bring up; to nurture; to promote emotional, spiritual or other non-physical growth.


lexentry: eng/nourish_a_viper_in_one's_bosom__Verb__1
written_rep: nourish a viper in one's bosom
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hodować żmiję na własnym łonie
sense_list:
(idiom) To do acts of kindness that will be met with ingratitude and will cause one harm in the end.


lexentry: eng/nous__Noun__1
written_rep: nous
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozum
sense_list:
(philosophy) The mind or intellect, reason, both rational and emotional | In Neoplatonism, the divine reason, regarded as first divine emanation.


lexentry: eng/nouveau_riche__Noun__1
written_rep: nouveau riche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nowobogacki | dorobkiewicz | karierowicz | karierowiczka | nowobogacka | nuworysz
sense_list:
(pejorative) New money; wealthy persons whose fortunes are newly acquired, and who are therefore perceived to lack the refinement of those who were raised wealthy.


lexentry: eng/novation__Noun__1
written_rep: novation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nowacja
sense_list:
(legal) A new contract between the original contracting parties whereby the first obligation is extinguished and a new obligation is substituted.


lexentry: eng/novemdecillion__Numeral__1
written_rep: novemdecillion
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: decylion
sense_list:
(US, modern British & Australian, short scale, rare) 1060. | (dated, British & Australian, long scale, rare) 10114. | (colloquial, hyperbole) A very large but unspecified number (of).


lexentry: eng/novena__Noun__1
written_rep: novena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nowenna
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A recitation of prayers and devotions for nine consecutive days, especially one to a saint to ask for their intercession.


lexentry: eng/novichok__Noun__1
written_rep: novichok
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nowiczok
sense_list:
Any of a group of deadly organophosphate nerve agents developed by the Soviet Union in the 1970s and 1980s to evade restrictions on chemical weapons.


lexentry: eng/now-or-never__Adjective__1
written_rep: now-or-never
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: natychmiastowy
sense_list:
Of a need for a decision, an opportunity, etc.: arising at the present time and requiring action to be taken immediately, or not at all.


lexentry: eng/now__Adverb__1
written_rep: now
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: no | teraz
sense_list:
(sentential) Used to introduce a point, a qualification of what has previously been said, a remonstration or a rebuke.


lexentry: eng/nozzle__Noun__1
written_rep: nozzle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: króciec
sense_list:
A short outlet or inlet pipe projecting from the end or side of a hollow vessel, as a steam-engine cylinder or a steam boiler.


lexentry: eng/nubile__Adjective__1
written_rep: nubile
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na wydanie
sense_list:
Of an age suitable for marriage; marriageable (principally of a young woman). [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/nubuck__Noun__1
written_rep: nubuck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nubuk
sense_list:
A type of brushed, soft calf leather, similar to suede. Differs from suede in that while suede is created from the flesh (inner) side of a hide, nubuck is created using the grain (outer) side, giving it added strength and durability.


lexentry: eng/nuclear-free_zone__Noun__1
written_rep: nuclear-free zone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strefa bezatomowa
sense_list:
An area in which the local or regional authorities have banned nuclear weapons and nuclear power stations.


lexentry: eng/nuclear__Adjective__1
written_rep: nuclear
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nuklearny | jądrowy
sense_list:
Involving energy released by nuclear reactions (fission, fusion, radioactive decay). [from 20th c.] | Relating to a weapon that derives its force from rapid release of energy through nuclear reactions. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/nuclear_fallout__Noun__1
written_rep: nuclear fallout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opad promieniotwórczy
sense_list:
(uncountable) Residual radioactive material in the upper atmosphere which settles down to Earth over a protracted period; typically ash which has been propelled upwards by a nuclear explosion or disaster, sometimes mixed with rain or snow.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_fission__Noun__1
written_rep: nuclear fission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozszczepienie | rozszczepienie jądra atomowego
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) A nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus splits into smaller ones, sometimes accompanied by the simultaneous release of energy.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_force__Noun__1
written_rep: nuclear force
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siła jądrowa
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) The force that acts between nucleons and binds protons and neutrons into atomic nuclei; the residual strong force


lexentry: eng/nuclear_fusion__Noun__1
written_rep: nuclear fusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fuzja jądrowa | reakcja termojądrowa
sense_list:
(nuclear physics) The combining of the nuclei of atoms to form the nuclei of larger ones, with a resulting release of large quantities of energy; the process that makes the sun shine, and hydrogen bombs explode.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_reaction__Noun__1
written_rep: nuclear reaction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reakcja jądrowa
sense_list:
A process such as the fission of an atomic nucleus, or the fusion of one or more atomic nuclei and/or subatomic particles in which the number of protons and/or neutrons in a nucleus changes; the reaction products may contain a different element or a different isotope of the same element.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_reactor__Noun__1
written_rep: nuclear reactor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reaktor jądrowy
sense_list:
(physics) Any device in which a controlled chain reaction is maintained for the purpose of creating heat (for power generation) or for creating neutrons and other fission products for experimental, medical or other purposes.


lexentry: eng/nuclear_winter__Noun__1
written_rep: nuclear winter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zima nuklearna
sense_list:
A predicted drop in global temperature following a nuclear war due to dust in the upper atmosphere reducing sunlight reaching the ground.


lexentry: eng/nucleic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: nucleic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas nukleinowy
sense_list:
(biochemistry, genetics) Any acidic, chainlike biological macromolecule consisting of multiple repeat units of phosphoric acid, sugar and purine and pyrimidine bases; they are involved in the preservation, replication and expression of hereditary information in every living cell


lexentry: eng/nucleophile__Noun__1
written_rep: nucleophile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nukleofil
sense_list:
(chemistry) A compound or functional group that is attractive to centres of positive charge, and donates electrons, especially donating an electron pair to an electrophile to form a bond.


lexentry: eng/nucleoside__Noun__1
written_rep: nucleoside
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nukleozyd
sense_list:
(biochemistry) an organic molecule in which a nitrogenous heterocyclic base (or nucleobase), which can be either a double-ringed purine or a single-ringed pyrimidine, is covalently attached to a five-carbon pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA). When the phosphate group is covalently attached to the pentose sugar, it forms a nucleotide.


lexentry: eng/nucleotide__Noun__1
written_rep: nucleotide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nukleotyd
sense_list:
(biochemistry) The monomer constituting DNA or RNA biopolymer molecules. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous heterocyclic base (or nucleobase), which can be either a double-ringed purine or a single-ringed pyrimidine; a five-carbon pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA); and a phosphate group.


lexentry: eng/nucleus__Noun__1
written_rep: nucleus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jądro
sense_list:
The core, central part of something, around which other elements are assembled. | (chemistry, physics) The massive, positively charged central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons. | (phonetics, phonology) The central part of a syllable, most commonly a vowel.


lexentry: eng/nucleus__Noun__1
written_rep: nucleus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: jądro | jądro komórkowe | nukleus
sense_list:
(cytology) A large membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells which contains genetic material.


lexentry: eng/nude__Noun__1
written_rep: nude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akt
sense_list:
A painting, sculpture, photograph or other artwork or mass-media-reproduced image depicting one or more human figure(s) in a state of near or total undress.


lexentry: eng/nudism__Noun__1
written_rep: nudism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nudyzm
sense_list:
The belief in or practice of going nude in social, nonsexualized and frequently mixed-gender groups specifically in cultures where going nude in the social situation is not the norm.


lexentry: eng/nudity__Noun__1
written_rep: nudity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nagość
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state or quality of being without clothing on the body; specifically, the quality of being without clothing on the genitals.


lexentry: eng/nudiustertian__Adjective__1
written_rep: nudiustertian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedwczorajszy
sense_list:
(rare, obsolete, modern uses probably, _, humorous) Of or relating to the day before yesterday; very recent.


lexentry: eng/nuisance__Noun__1
written_rep: nuisance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zakłócenie porządku
sense_list:
(legal) Anything harmful or offensive to the community or to a member of it, for which a legal remedy exists.


lexentry: eng/nuke__Noun__1
written_rep: nuke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bomba atomowa
sense_list:
A nuclear weapon. | A person (such as a sailor in a navy or a scientist) who works with nuclear weapons or nuclear power.


lexentry: eng/null_hypothesis__Noun__1
written_rep: null hypothesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hipoteza zerowa
sense_list:
(statistics) A hypothesis set up to be nullified or refuted in order to support an alternative hypothesis. When used, the null hypothesis is presumed true until statistical evidence in the form of a hypothesis test indicates otherwise. Therefore, the null and the alternative hypothesis must be mutually exclusive and exhaustive.


lexentry: eng/nullary__Adjective__1
written_rep: nullary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezargumentowy
sense_list:
(mathematics, of a function) Taking no entries; having trivial domain; having the arity of zero. | (programming, of a function, procedure, command, etc.) Taking no arguments.


lexentry: eng/numbat__Noun__1
written_rep: numbat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówkożer | mrówkożer workowaty
sense_list:
A small marsupial carnivore, Myrmecobius fasciatus, endemic to western Australia, that eats almost exclusively termites.


lexentry: eng/number__Noun__1
written_rep: number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: liczba | numer | cyfra | liczebnik
sense_list:
(countable, mathematics) An element of one of several sets: natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, real numbers, complex numbers, and sometimes extensions such as hypercomplex numbers, etc.


lexentry: eng/number__Noun__1
written_rep: number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: numer | liczba
sense_list:
(Followed by a numeral; used attributively) Indicating the position of something in a list or sequence. Abbreviations: No or No., no or no. (in each case, sometimes written with a superscript "o", like Nº or №). The symbol "#" is also used in this manner. | (countable, informal) A person.


lexentry: eng/number__Noun__1
written_rep: number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: numer
sense_list:
A sequence of digits and letters used to register people, automobiles, and various other items. | (dated) An issue of a periodical publication.


lexentry: eng/number_line__Noun__1
written_rep: number line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oś liczbowa
sense_list:
(mathematics) A line that graphically represents the real numbers as a series of points whose distance from an origin is proportional to their value


lexentry: eng/numbers_station__Noun__1
written_rep: numbers station
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radiostacje numeryczne
sense_list:
(radio, espionage) A shortwave radio station characterized by unusual broadcasts, often of artificially generated voices reciting streams of numbers, words, etc., supposedly of coded messages.


lexentry: eng/numeral__Noun__1
written_rep: numeral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cyfra
sense_list:
A symbol that is not a word and represents a number, such as the Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3 or the Roman numerals I, V, X, L.


lexentry: eng/numeral__Noun__1
written_rep: numeral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: liczebnik
sense_list:
(linguistics) A number word, a simple or compound word for a number often having particular grammatical attributes depending on the language.


lexentry: eng/numeric_complement__Noun__1
written_rep: numeric complement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczba przeciwna
sense_list:
(computing) The number obtained by changing the numeric sign of a number. This may or may not be the twos complement, depending on the way numbers are stored.


lexentry: eng/numerical_analysis__Noun__1
written_rep: numerical analysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analiza numeryczna
sense_list:
(mathematics) The study of algorithms to solve mathematical problems concerning continuous sets of values (such as the real numbers, complex numbers or vector spaces).


lexentry: eng/numerical_linear_algebra__Noun__1
written_rep: numerical linear algebra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: numeryczna algebra liniowa
sense_list:
(computing) The study of numerical analysis algorithms to solve mathematical problems in the field of linear algebra.


lexentry: eng/numerology__Noun__1
written_rep: numerology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: numerologia
sense_list:
The study of the purported mystical relationship between numbers (or the letters of words, represented by numbers) and the character or action of physical objects and living beings.


lexentry: eng/nun__Noun__1
written_rep: nun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mniszka
sense_list:
A member of a Christian religious community of women who live by certain vows and usually wear a habit, (Roman Catholicism, specifically) those living together in a cloister.


lexentry: eng/nun__Noun__2
written_rep: nun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nun
sense_list:
The fourteenth letter of many Semitic alphabets or abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).


lexentry: eng/nunatak__Noun__1
written_rep: nunatak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nunatak
sense_list:
A mountain top or rocky element of a ridge that is surrounded by glacial ice but is not covered by ice; a peak protruding from the surface ice sheet. [from 1870s]


lexentry: eng/nunchaku__Noun__1
written_rep: nunchaku
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nunczako | nunczaku
sense_list:
(countable) A weapon originating from Okinawa, Japan, consisting of two sticks joined by a chain or cord. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/nuncheon__Noun__1
written_rep: nuncheon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podwieczorek
sense_list:
(now, _, dialectal, archaic) A drink or light snack taken in the afternoon; a refreshment between meals.


lexentry: eng/nuncio__Noun__1
written_rep: nuncio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nuncjusz | nuncjusz apostolski
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) The ecclesiastic title of a permanent diplomatic representative of the Roman Catholic Church to a sovereign state or international organization, who is accorded a rank equivalent to an accredited ambassador, and may also be given additional privileges including recognition as Dean in a country's diplomatic corps.


lexentry: eng/nuncio__Noun__1
written_rep: nuncio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: nuncjusz apostolski
sense_list:
(historical) Any member of any Sejm of the Kingdom of Poland, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Galicia (of the Austrian Partition), Duchy of Warsaw, Congress Poland, or Grand Duchy of Posen.


lexentry: eng/nurse_shark__Noun__1
written_rep: nurse shark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rekin wąsaty
sense_list:
Any of various bottom-dwelling sharks of the family Ginglymostomatidae that have two fleshy barbels hanging from the lower jaw.


lexentry: eng/nursery__Noun__1
written_rep: nursery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pokój dziecinny
sense_list:
(by extension) Especially in European countries: a room or area in a household set apart for the care of children.


lexentry: eng/nursery__Noun__1
written_rep: nursery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żłobek
sense_list:
(UK, chiefly British) An institution for small children who not yet have begun primary school during daytime (when their parents work); a daycare centre. | (countable) A place where nursing or the raising of children is carried on. | (agriculture, zoology) A place where animals breed, or where young animals are naturally or artificially reared (for example, on a farm).


lexentry: eng/nursery__Noun__1
written_rep: nursery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szkółka
sense_list:
(horticulture) A place where young shrubs, trees, vines, etc., are cultivated for transplanting, or (more generally) made available for public sale, a garden centre; also (obsolete) a plantation of young trees.


lexentry: eng/nursery_school__Noun__1
written_rep: nursery school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żłobek
sense_list:
(, Canada, British) An educational institution for small children (normally around 3 to 5 years old, who not yet have begun primary school).


lexentry: eng/nursing_home__Noun__1
written_rep: nursing home
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dom starców | dom pogodnej jesieni | dom pomocy społecznej | dom spokojnej starości
sense_list:
A place of residence for people who require constant nursing care and have significant deficiencies with activities of daily living, such as the elderly and younger adults with physical disabilities.


lexentry: eng/nut__Noun__1
written_rep: nut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orzech
sense_list:
(food, broadly) Any of various hard-shelled seeds or hard, dry fruits from various families of plants.


lexentry: eng/nut__Noun__1
written_rep: nut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nakrętka
sense_list:
(hardware) A piece of hardware, typically metal and typically hexagonal or square in shape, with a hole through it having internal screw threads, intended to be screwed onto a threaded bolt or other threaded shaft. | (climbing) A shaped piece of metal, threaded by a wire loop, which is jammed in a crack in the rockface and used to protect a climb. (Originally, machine nuts [sense #2] were used for this purpose.)


lexentry: eng/nut__Noun__1
written_rep: nut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: łeb
sense_list:
(musical instruments, lutherie) On stringed instruments such as guitars and violins, the small piece at the peghead end of the fingerboard that holds the strings at the proper spacing and, in most cases, the proper height.


lexentry: eng/nutation__Noun__1
written_rep: nutation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nutacja
sense_list:
(physics) A bobbing motion that accompanies the precession of a spinning rigid body. | (astronomy) Any of several irregularities in the precession of the equinoxes caused by varying torque applied to the Earth by the Sun and the Moon.


lexentry: eng/nuthatch__Noun__1
written_rep: nuthatch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kowalik | bargiel
sense_list:
Any of various small passerine birds from the genus Sitta, found throughout the northern hemisphere and noted for their unusual proclivity for climbing down trees head first.


lexentry: eng/nutrient__Noun__1
written_rep: nutrient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: składnik odżywczy
sense_list:
A source of nourishment, such as food, that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue.


lexentry: eng/nutrigenomics__Noun__1
written_rep: nutrigenomics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nutrigenomika
sense_list:
(medicine) The field of study that examines how the interaction between genetics and nutrition affects human health, specifically to devise a personalized diet to improve or maintain good health.


lexentry: eng/nux_vomica__Noun__1
written_rep: nux vomica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gytiopol
sense_list:
A strychnine tree (Strychnos nux-vomica), an evergreen tree found in southeastern Asia. | The fruit of Strychnos nux-vomica, which contains strychnine and brucine.


lexentry: eng/nuzzle__Verb__1
written_rep: nuzzle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pieścić
sense_list:
Often followed by in or into: to press or push the nose or snout, mouth, face, etc., against or into someone or something; to touch someone or something with the nose or snout, etc.


lexentry: eng/nychthemeron__Noun__1
written_rep: nychthemeron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: doba
sense_list:
(uncommon) A period of one day and one night, a date: in the West, a period of 24 consecutive hours.


lexentry: eng/nyctinasty__Noun__1
written_rep: nyctinasty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nyktynastia
sense_list:
(botany) The movement of leaves or petals in response to darkness; the closing of a flower at night.


lexentry: eng/nylon__Noun__1
written_rep: nylon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nylon
sense_list:
Originally, the DuPont company trade name for polyamide, a copolymer whose molecules consist of alternating diamine and dicarboxylic acid monomers bonded together; now generically used for this type of polymer. | (in the plural) A stocking originally fabricated from nylon; also used generically for any long, sheer stocking worn on a woman's legs. | (perjoratively, by comparison to silk) A Queen's Counsel, King's Counsel or Senior Counsel who was appointed as a courtesy, rather than on merit.


lexentry: eng/nymph__Noun__1
written_rep: nymph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nimfa
sense_list:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Any female nature spirit associated with water, forests, grotto, wind, etc. | A young girl, especially one who is attractive, beautiful or graceful. | (entomology) The larva of certain insects.


lexentry: eng/négligée__Noun__1
written_rep: négligée
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: negliż
sense_list:
(obsolete) A woman's lightweight gown of the eighteenth century. [18th–19th c.] | A woman's loose-fitting nightgown, especially when short, lacy and/or revealing; a nightie. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/o'clock__Adverb__1
written_rep: o'clock
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: godzina pierwsza | o godzinie pierwszej | o pierwszej | pierwsza
sense_list:
(modifying a numeral, one to twelve) In conjunction with a numeral, indicates the time within a twelve-hour period (midnight to noon or noon to midnight), specifically the time when the hour hand of a clock points precisely to the symbol or marking corresponding to the designated numeral, i.e., at the hour.


lexentry: eng/o'clock__Adverb__1
written_rep: o'clock
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: o godzinie pierwszej | o pierwszej
sense_list:
(with a numeral, one to twelve) In conjunction with a numeral, indicates the direction, relative to the speaker or a vehicle, especially an aircraft, corresponding to the direction the hour hand is pointing at the time corresponding to the numeral, with twelve representing directly ahead on a horizontal plane, or directly up on a vertical plane, and three being to the right on either.


lexentry: eng/oak__Noun__1
written_rep: oak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dąb | dębina
sense_list:
(uncountable) The wood of the oak. | Any tree of other genera and species of trees resembling typical oaks of genus Quercus in some ways.


lexentry: eng/oakleaf_hydrangea__Noun__1
written_rep: oakleaf hydrangea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hortensja dębolistna
sense_list:
A type of deciduous shrub native to the southeastern United States, often cultivated as an ornamental plant, of species Hydrangea quercifolia.


lexentry: eng/oakum__Noun__1
written_rep: oakum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pakuły
sense_list:
Fibres chiefly obtained by untwisting old rope, which are used to caulk or pack gaps between boards of wooden ships and joints in masonry and plumbing, and sometimes for dressing wounds.


lexentry: eng/oar__Noun__1
written_rep: oar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiosło
sense_list:
A type of lever used to propel a boat, having a flat blade at one end and a handle at the other, and pivoted in a rowlock atop the gunwale, whereby a rower seated in the boat and pulling the handle can pass the blade through the water by repeated strokes against the water's resistance, thus moving the boat.


lexentry: eng/oarlock__Noun__1
written_rep: oarlock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dulka
sense_list:
(nautical) A usually U-shaped device attached to the gunwale of a rowboat to hold the oars in place while rowing.


lexentry: eng/oasis__Noun__1
written_rep: oasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oaza
sense_list:
A spring of fresh water, surrounded by a fertile region of vegetation, in a desert. | (figuratively) A quiet, peaceful place or situation separated from surrounding noise or bustle.


lexentry: eng/oath__Noun__1
written_rep: oath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przysięga
sense_list:
A solemn pledge or promise that invokes a deity, a ruler, or another entity (not necessarily present) to attest the truth of a statement or sincerity of one's desire to fulfill a contract or promise.


lexentry: eng/obeisance__Noun__1
written_rep: obeisance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hołd | pokłon | rewerans
sense_list:
Demonstration of an obedient attitude, especially by bowing deeply; a deep bow which demonstrates such an attitude.


lexentry: eng/obelisk__Noun__1
written_rep: obelisk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obelisk
sense_list:
(architecture) A tall, square, tapered, stone monolith topped with a pyramidal point, frequently used as a monument. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/obese__Adjective__1
written_rep: obese
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otyły | opasły
sense_list:
Extremely overweight, especially: weighing more than 20% (for men) or 25% (for women) over their conventionally ideal weight determined by height and build; or, having a body mass index over 30 kg/m2.


lexentry: eng/obituary__Noun__1
written_rep: obituary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nekrolog | klepsydra
sense_list:
A brief notice of a person's death, especially one published in a newspaper or other publication; also (obsolete) , the section of a newspaper where notices of deaths are published.


lexentry: eng/obituary__Noun__1
written_rep: obituary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nekrolog
sense_list:
(by extension) A brief biography of a person (especially one who is well-known) who has recently died, usually describing their life and achievements, particularly in the form of an article in a news publication or an item in a news broadcast.


lexentry: eng/object-oriented_programming__Noun__1
written_rep: object-oriented programming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: programowanie obiektowe
sense_list:
(programming) A programming paradigm that uses hierarchies of objects, instantiated from templates called classes, to design applications and computer programs.


lexentry: eng/object__Noun__1
written_rep: object
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedmiot | obiekt | rzecz
sense_list:
A thing that has physical existence but is not alive. | A person or thing toward which an emotion is directed.


lexentry: eng/object__Noun__1
written_rep: object
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dopełnienie | obiekt
sense_list:
(grammar) The noun phrase which is an internal complement of a verb phrase or a prepositional phrase. In a verb phrase with a transitive action verb, it is typically the receiver of the action. | (chiefly in the negative) A cause for attention or concern.


lexentry: eng/object__Verb__1
written_rep: object
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sprzeciwiać się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To disagree with or oppose something or someone; (especially in a Court of Law) to raise an objection.


lexentry: eng/object_code__Noun__1
written_rep: object code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kod wynikowy
sense_list:
(computing) The output of a compiler or assembler; it is not necessarily executable directly without linking to other modules


lexentry: eng/object_language__Noun__1
written_rep: object language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: język docelowy
sense_list:
(lexicography) the language of the headwords in a dictionary (in a French-to-English translation dictionary, French is the object language)


lexentry: eng/object_permanence__Noun__1
written_rep: object permanence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trwałość obiektu
sense_list:
(psychology) The understanding (typically developed during early infancy) that an object still exists even when it disappears from sight, or other senses.


lexentry: eng/objectify__Verb__1
written_rep: objectify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uprzedmiotawiać | uprzedmiotowić
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To make (something, such as an abstract idea) possible to be perceived by the senses.


lexentry: eng/objection__Noun__1
written_rep: objection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sprzeciw
sense_list:
The act of objecting. | (legal) An official protest raised in a court of law during a legal trial over a violation of the rules of the court by the opposing party.


lexentry: eng/objection__Noun__1
written_rep: objection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sprzeciw | zarzut
sense_list:
A statement expressing opposition, or a reason or cause for expressing opposition (generally followed by the adposition to).


lexentry: eng/objective__Noun__1
written_rep: objective
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: obiektyw | obiektywny
sense_list:
The lens or lenses of a camera, microscope, or other optical device closest to the object being examined.


lexentry: eng/objectivism__Noun__1
written_rep: objectivism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: obiektywizm
sense_list:
(philosophy) Any of several doctrines that holds that all of reality is objective and exists outside of the mind.


lexentry: eng/objectivity__Noun__1
written_rep: objectivity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obiektywność
sense_list:
The state of being objective, just, unbiased, and not influenced by irrational emotions or personal prejudices.


lexentry: eng/oblanceolate__Adjective__1
written_rep: oblanceolate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odwrotnie-lancetowaty
sense_list:
(botany, of leaves) Of a reversed lanceolate shape: attached to the stem by the pointed end, with the other end rounded.


lexentry: eng/obligation__Noun__1
written_rep: obligation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obowiązek
sense_list:
A social, legal, or moral requirement, duty, contract, or promise that compels someone to follow or avoid a particular course of action.


lexentry: eng/obligation__Noun__1
written_rep: obligation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: zobowiązanie
sense_list:
(legal) A legal agreement stipulating a specified action or forbearance by a party to the agreement; the document containing such agreement.


lexentry: eng/oblique_case__Noun__1
written_rep: oblique case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przypadek zależny
sense_list:
(grammar) Any noun case except the nominative case (and sometimes the vocative case), where the noun is the object of a verb or the object of a preposition.


lexentry: eng/obliteration__Noun__1
written_rep: obliteration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: zniszczenie
sense_list:
(medicine) The cancellation of the function, structure, or both of a vessel or organ; for example, the occlusion of the lumen of a duct, blood vessel, or lymphatic vessel, be it solely functional (as when squeezed by nearby mass effect or inflammation) or both structural and functional (as when clogged with thrombus, embolus, or fibrosis).


lexentry: eng/oblivion__Noun__1
written_rep: oblivion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zapomnienie | niepamięć | nieświadomość
sense_list:
The state of being completely forgotten, of being reduced to a state of non-existence, extinction, or nothingness, including through war and destruction. (Figuratively) for an area like hell, a wasteland.


lexentry: eng/oblong__Adjective__1
written_rep: oblong
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: podłużny
sense_list:
(bookmaking) Having the horizontal axis of a page longer than the vertical; In landscape orientation.


lexentry: eng/oboe__Noun__1
written_rep: oboe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obój
sense_list:
(woodwind instrument) A soprano and melody wind instrument in the modern orchestra and wind ensemble. It is a smaller instrument and generally made of grenadilla wood. It is a member of the double reed family.


lexentry: eng/obolus__Noun__1
written_rep: obolus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obol
sense_list:
A silver coin minted in Ancient Greece, valued at a sixth of a drachma. | (historical) A unit of weight, equal to one-sixth of a drachma.


lexentry: eng/obscure__Verb__1
written_rep: obscure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przesłonić | zaciemnić
sense_list:
(transitive) To render obscure; to darken; to make dim; to keep in the dark; to hide; to make less visible, intelligible, legible, glorious, beautiful, or illustrious.


lexentry: eng/observatory__Noun__1
written_rep: observatory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obserwatorium
sense_list:
A place where stars, planets and other celestial bodies are observed, usually through a telescope; also place for observing meteorological or other natural phenomena.


lexentry: eng/observe__Verb__1
written_rep: observe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: obserwować | przestrzegać | obchodzić | zachowywać | zaobserwować
sense_list:
(transitive) To take note of and celebrate (a holiday or similar occurrence), to keep; to follow (a type of time or calendar reckoning).


lexentry: eng/observer__Noun__1
written_rep: observer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obserwator | obserwatorka
sense_list:
One who makes observations, monitors or takes notice | A person sent as a representative, to a meeting or other function to monitor but not to participate | (military) A sentry etc. manning an observation post


lexentry: eng/obsession__Noun__1
written_rep: obsession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obsesja
sense_list:
An idea that engenders a compulsive or irrational preoccupation, or the preoccupation thereby engendered. | An activity or entity that inspires a compulsive and potentially unhealthy fixation, or the fixation thereby inspired.


lexentry: eng/obsessive-compulsive_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: obsessive-compulsive disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaburzenia obsesyjno-kompulsywne
sense_list:
(medicine, psychology) A mental and behavioral disorder, characterized by obsessive intrusive thoughts and a compulsion to ease the resulting distress by repeating specific routines or rituals, regardless of their interference with other activities.


lexentry: eng/obsolescence__Noun__1
written_rep: obsolescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: starzenie się
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being obsolete—no longer in use; gone into disuse; disused or neglected. | (countable) The process of becoming obsolete, outmoded or out of date.


lexentry: eng/obsolete__Adjective__1
written_rep: obsolete
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestarzały | zdezaktualizowany
sense_list:
(of words, equipment, etc.) No longer in use; gone into disuse; disused or neglected (often in favour of something newer).


lexentry: eng/obstacle__Noun__1
written_rep: obstacle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeszkoda | trudność | ambaras
sense_list:
Something that impedes, stands in the way of, or holds up progress, either physically or figuratively


lexentry: eng/obstacle_course__Noun__1
written_rep: obstacle course
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tor przeszkód
sense_list:
A course with a series of physical challenges (running, climbing, swimming, etc.) to be performed sequentially.


lexentry: eng/obstinate__Adjective__1
written_rep: obstinate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uparty | zawzięty
sense_list:
Stubbornly adhering to an opinion, purpose, or course, usually with implied unreasonableness; persistent.


lexentry: eng/obstreperous__Adjective__1
written_rep: obstreperous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: hałaśliwy | niesforny | zaczepny
sense_list:
Stubbornly defiant; disobedient; resistant to authority or control (whether in a noisy manner or not).


lexentry: eng/obstruction__Noun__1
written_rep: obstruction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zator
sense_list:
Something which obstructs or impedes, either intentionally or unintentionally | The condition of having the natural powers obstructed in their usual course; the arrest of the vital functions; death.


lexentry: eng/obtuse__Adjective__1
written_rep: obtuse
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozwarty
sense_list:
(now, chiefly, botany, zoology) Blunt; not sharp, pointed, or acute in form. | (botany, zoology) Blunt, or rounded at the extremity.


lexentry: eng/obtuse__Adjective__1
written_rep: obtuse
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozwarty | tępy
sense_list:
(geometry, specifically, of an, angle) Larger than one, and smaller than two right angles, or more than 90° and less than 180°.


lexentry: eng/obviate__Verb__1
written_rep: obviate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: usuwać
sense_list:
(transitive) To anticipate and prevent or bypass (something which would otherwise have been necessary or required); to render (something) unnecessary.


lexentry: eng/ocarina__Noun__1
written_rep: ocarina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okaryna
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A woodwind musical instrument that is closed at both sides to produce an enclosed space, and punctured with finger holes.


lexentry: eng/occasion__Noun__1
written_rep: occasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: powód
sense_list:
An occurrence or state of affairs which causes some event or reaction; a motive or reason. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/occasional_table__Noun__1
written_rep: occasional table
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stolik
sense_list:
(furniture) Any small table, such as an end table, which has no particular function and may typically be folded away.


lexentry: eng/occident__Noun__1
written_rep: occident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zachód
sense_list:
The part of the horizon where the sun last appears in the evening; that part of the earth towards the sunset; the west.


lexentry: eng/occipital__Adjective__1
written_rep: occipital
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: potyliczny
sense_list:
(anatomy) Of, pertaining to, or located within or near the occiput (back of the head) or the occipital bone.


lexentry: eng/occipital_lobe__Noun__1
written_rep: occipital lobe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płat potyliczny
sense_list:
(anatomy) One of the four major divisions of the cerebrum of the brain, located at the back of the head.


lexentry: eng/occluded_front__Noun__1
written_rep: occluded front
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okluzja
sense_list:
(meteorology) A front that occurs when a cold front overtakes a warm front at the surface and a temperature contrast exists between the advancing and retreating cold air masses.


lexentry: eng/occultation__Noun__1
written_rep: occultation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okultacja
sense_list:
(astronomy) An astronomical event that occurs when one celestial object is hidden by another celestial object that passes between it and the observer when the nearer object appears larger and completely hides the more distant object.


lexentry: eng/occultism__Noun__1
written_rep: occultism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okultyzm
sense_list:
(philosophy) The study of the supernatural | A belief in occult powers and the hope of controlling them


lexentry: eng/occupation__Noun__1
written_rep: occupation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zajęcie | zawód | fach
sense_list:
An activity or task with which one occupies oneself; usually specifically the productive activity, service, trade, or craft for which one is regularly paid; a job.


lexentry: eng/occupation__Noun__1
written_rep: occupation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: okupacja | zajęcie
sense_list:
(geopolitics, military) The control of a nation or region by a hostile military or paramilitary force.


lexentry: eng/occupational_safety_and_health__Noun__1
written_rep: occupational safety and health
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
sense_list:
The activities and policies aimed at protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment.


lexentry: eng/occupational_therapist__Noun__1
written_rep: occupational therapist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ergoterapeuta
sense_list:
A therapist whose aim is to help clients achieve a better quality of life through work or similar occupations.


lexentry: eng/occupational_therapy__Noun__1
written_rep: occupational therapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: terapia zajęciowa
sense_list:
The therapeutic practice of encouraging better quality of life through the pursuit of work or other occupations.


lexentry: eng/occupier__Noun__1
written_rep: occupier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okupant | okupantka
sense_list:
One who occupies, particularly with respect to a foreign government controlling the territory of another.


lexentry: eng/ocean_sunfish__Noun__1
written_rep: ocean sunfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samogłów
sense_list:
A large, heavy species of bony fish, Mola mola, native to tropical and temperate waters around the world.


lexentry: eng/oceanic_whitetip_shark__Noun__1
written_rep: oceanic whitetip shark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żarłacz białopłetwy
sense_list:
a large pelagic shark, taxonomic name Carcharhinus longimanus, characterized by the white tips on the fin, often prone to attack humans.


lexentry: eng/ocelot__Noun__1
written_rep: ocelot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ocelot
sense_list:
An American feline carnivore (Leopardus pardalis, syn. Felis pardalis) covered with blackish ocellated spots and blotches which are variously arranged.


lexentry: eng/ocrea__Noun__1
written_rep: ocrea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gatka
sense_list:
(botany) A sheath around a plant stem forming from the stipule of a leaf and extending above the point of insertion of the leaf.


lexentry: eng/octadecane__Noun__1
written_rep: octadecane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oktadekan
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of very many isomeric alkanes having the formula C18H38, but especially n-octadecane CH3(CH2)16CH3.


lexentry: eng/octahedron__Noun__1
written_rep: octahedron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oktaedr | ośmiościan
sense_list:
(geometry) a polyhedron with eight faces; the regular octahedron has regular triangles as faces and is one of the Platonic solids.


lexentry: eng/octal__Adjective__1
written_rep: octal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ósemkowy
sense_list:
(arithmetic, computing) Concerning numbers expressed in octal or mathematical calculations performed using octal.


lexentry: eng/octane__Noun__1
written_rep: octane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oktan
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of the eighteen isomeric aliphatic hydrocarbons (C8H18) found in petroleum, especially an iso-octane 2,2,4 trimethyl-pentane; they are used as fuels and solvents.


lexentry: eng/octave__Noun__1
written_rep: octave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oktawa
sense_list:
(music) An interval of twelve semitones spanning eight degrees of the diatonic scale, representing a doubling or halving in pitch frequency.


lexentry: eng/octillion__Numeral__1
written_rep: octillion
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwadryliard
sense_list:
(US, modern, _, British, _, &, _) A thousand trillion trillion, a billion billion billion: 1 followed by 27 zeros, 1027.


lexentry: eng/octodecillion__Noun__1
written_rep: octodecillion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: noniliard
sense_list:
(US, modern British and Australian, short scale, rare) 1057. | (dated British and Australian, long scale, rare) 10108.


lexentry: eng/octonion__Noun__1
written_rep: octonion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczby Cayleya
sense_list:
(mathematics) An 8-dimensional nonassociative extension of a quaternion with a real part and 7 imaginary parts (each a real multiple of a distinct square root of −1).


lexentry: eng/odd_one_out__Noun__1
written_rep: odd one out
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: intruz | niepasujący element
sense_list:
(uncountable) A visual puzzle where the guesser has to choose which word/picture/symbol etc. does not fit with the others.


lexentry: eng/ode__Noun__1
written_rep: ode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oda
sense_list:
A short poetical composition proper to be set to music or sung; a lyric poem; especially, now, a poem characterized by sustained noble sentiment and appropriate dignity of style.


lexentry: eng/odometer__Noun__1
written_rep: odometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drogomierz
sense_list:
An instrument, usually embedded within the speedometer of a vehicle, that measures the distance the vehicle has traveled since production.


lexentry: eng/oeuvre__Noun__1
written_rep: oeuvre
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dorobek | twórczość
sense_list:
(uncountable, collective) A substantial or complete corpus of works produced by a artist, composer, or writer.


lexentry: eng/of__Preposition__1
written_rep: of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: z
sense_list:
Introducing an epithet that indicates a birthplace, residence, dominion, or other place associated with the individual. | Belonging to, existing in, or taking place in a given location, place or time. Compare "origin" senses, above. [from 9th c.] | (archaic, or, literary) Links an adjective with a noun or noun phrase to form a quasi-adverbial qualifier; in respect to, as regards. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/of__Preposition__1
written_rep: of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: na temat | o
sense_list:
(following an adjective) Introduces its subject matter. [from 15th c.] | Introducing subject matter.


lexentry: eng/of__Preposition__1
written_rep: of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: z | o | na temat
sense_list:
Links an intransitive verb, or a transitive verb and its subject (especially verbs to do with thinking, feeling, expressing etc.), with its subject-matter; concerning, with regard to. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/of_one's_own_accord__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: of one's own accord
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
On one's (or its) own initiative; under one's (or its) own power, without being commanded or controlled.

trans_list:
z własnej woli | na własne życzenie | z dobrej i nieprzymuszonej woli | z własnej i nieprzymuszonej woli


lexentry: eng/off-ramp__Noun__1
written_rep: off-ramp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zjazd
sense_list:
(North America, Australia) A segment of roadway that directs vehicular traffic from a freeway onto local roads. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/off_and_on__Adverb__1
written_rep: off and on
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zrywami
sense_list:
Alternative form of on and off. | (nautical) On different tacks, now toward, and now away from, the land.


lexentry: eng/offense__Noun__1
written_rep: offense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: atak
sense_list:
(team, _, sports) A strategy and tactics employed when in position to score; contrasted with defense. | (team, _, sports) The portion of a team dedicated to scoring when in position to do so; contrasted with defense.


lexentry: eng/offensive__Adjective__1
written_rep: offensive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ofensywny
sense_list:
Relating to an offense or attack, as opposed to defensive. | (sports) Having to do with play directed at scoring.


lexentry: eng/offer__Noun__1
written_rep: offer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: oferta
sense_list:
Something put forth, bid, proffered or tendered. | (legal) An invitation to enter into a binding contract communicated to another party which contains terms sufficiently definite to create an enforceable contract if the other party accepts the invitation.


lexentry: eng/offer__Verb__1
written_rep: offer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oferować | proponować | zaoferować | zaproponować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To propose or express one's willingness (to do something). | (transitive) To present in words; to proffer; to make a proposal of; to suggest. | (transitive) To place at someone’s disposal; to present (something) to be either accepted or turned down.


lexentry: eng/offertory__Noun__1
written_rep: offertory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ofiarowanie | ofertorium | offertorium
sense_list:
(Christianity) The part of the Eucharist service when offerings of bread and wine are placed on the altar and when any collection is taken; also, the money or other things collected. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/office__Noun__1
written_rep: office
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: biuro | urząd
sense_list:
Official position, particularly high employment within government; tenure in such a position. | A room, set of rooms, or building used for non-manual work, particularly:


lexentry: eng/office_boy__Noun__1
written_rep: office boy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: boy
sense_list:
A junior male clerk employed in a professional office to perform odd jobs, such as running errands or making copies.


lexentry: eng/office_hours__Noun__1
written_rep: office hours
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: trwałość
sense_list:
A pre-arranged time when a person whose occupation frequently takes them away from their office during working hours is available in their office to answer questions or provide assistance without the requirement for an appointment.


lexentry: eng/officer__Noun__1
written_rep: officer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wysoki urzędnik | wyższy urzędnik
sense_list:
One who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization, especially in military, police or government organizations.


lexentry: eng/official__Adjective__1
written_rep: official
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: oficjalny
sense_list:
Approved by authority; authorized. | Relating to an office, especially a subordinate executive officer or attendant.


lexentry: eng/official__Noun__1
written_rep: official
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: urzędnik | oficjel | urzędniczka
sense_list:
An office holder, a person holding an official position in government, sports, or other organization.


lexentry: eng/official_language__Noun__1
written_rep: official language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: język urzędowy
sense_list:
A language afforded an elevated status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction, typically for government use.


lexentry: eng/offline__Adjective__1
written_rep: offline
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: offline
sense_list:
Of a system, currently not connected (generally electrically) to a larger network. For example, a power plant which is not connected to the grid, or a computer which is not connected to the Internet or to any other communications service.


lexentry: eng/offset_printing__Noun__1
written_rep: offset printing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: offset
sense_list:
Printing by the offset process, in which ink is carried from a metal plate to a rubber blanket (“offset cylinder”) and from there to the printing surface.


lexentry: eng/offshoot__Noun__1
written_rep: offshoot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odgałęzienie | odnoga
sense_list:
Something which shoots off or separates from a main stem or branch of a plant. | Something which develops from something else.


lexentry: eng/offshore__Verb__1
written_rep: offshore
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przenieść | przenosić
sense_list:
(transitive) To move industrial production from one region to another or from one country to another, in order to seek lower business costs, such as labor.


lexentry: eng/offside_trap__Noun__1
written_rep: offside trap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pułapka ofsajdowa
sense_list:
(football) A defensive play intended to catch the attacking team offside, generally in such a way that the defense line suddenly and simultaneously moves forward.


lexentry: eng/oganesson__Noun__1
written_rep: oganesson
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oganeson
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Og) with atomic number 118. It is the heaviest known element. Highly radioactive, it does not occur naturally. Originally expected to be a noble gas, it is now predicted to be a reactive metallic solid, and a semiconductor or a post-transition metal.


lexentry: eng/ogee__Noun__1
written_rep: ogee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łuk w ośli grzbiet
sense_list:
(architecture) A double curve in the shape of an elongated S; an object of that shape. | (architecture) A pointed arch made from two ogees.


lexentry: eng/ogive__Noun__1
written_rep: ogive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: falista wypukłość lodowców
sense_list:
(geology) A three-dimensional wave-bulge, characteristic of glaciers that have experienced extreme underlying topographic change.


lexentry: eng/ogle__Verb__1
written_rep: ogle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: flirtować
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To stare at (someone or something), especially impertinently, amorously, or covetously.


lexentry: eng/ogonek__Noun__1
written_rep: ogonek
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ogonek
sense_list:
(orthography) A hook-shaped diacritical mark ⟨◌̨⟩ attached underneath a vowel, typically to indicate nasalization, as in Ąą, Ęę, Įį, Ǫǫ or Ųų.


lexentry: eng/ohm__Noun__1
written_rep: ohm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: om | ohm
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of electrical resistance; the electrical resistance of a device across which a potential difference of one volt causes a current of one ampere.


lexentry: eng/oil_beetle__Noun__1
written_rep: oil beetle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: maik | oleica
sense_list:
Any of the genus Meloe of blister beetles, which release oily droplets of toxic hemolymph from their joints when disturbed.


lexentry: eng/oil_cake__Noun__1
written_rep: oil cake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kołacz | kuch | makuch
sense_list:
The solid residue remaining after any oilseed has been pressed to remove the vegetable oil; it is used, with other ingredients, as animal food.


lexentry: eng/oil_lamp__Noun__1
written_rep: oil lamp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kaganek
sense_list:
A simple vessel used to produce light continuously for a period of time from a liquid fuel source, especially lamp oil.


lexentry: eng/oil_paint__Noun__1
written_rep: oil paint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: farba olejna | olej
sense_list:
A paint in which the colours or pigments are suspended in an oil-based carrier such as linseed oil which hardens on exposure to the air.


lexentry: eng/oil_palm__Noun__1
written_rep: oil palm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palma olejowa
sense_list:
A plant of species Elaeis guineensis, principal source of palm oil and palm kernel oil. | Any species of palm which can usefully produce palm oil.


lexentry: eng/oil_platform__Noun__1
written_rep: oil platform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: platforma wiertnicza
sense_list:
A large structure used to house workers and machinery needed to drill and then produce oil and natural gas in the ocean.


lexentry: eng/oil_rig__Noun__1
written_rep: oil rig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wieża wiertnicza
sense_list:
A rig, consisting of platform and machinery, used to drill for oil and other petroleum products like natural gas.


lexentry: eng/oilbird__Noun__1
written_rep: oilbird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tłuszczak
sense_list:
A nocturnal South American bird, of the species Steatornis caripensis of the order Steatornithiformes, related to the nightjars that feeds on the fruit of the oil palm and tropical laurels.


lexentry: eng/oilcan__Noun__1
written_rep: oilcan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ampułka
sense_list:
A container with a long spout, for holding oil and delivering it in drops or small quantities for lubrication.


lexentry: eng/oilcloth__Noun__1
written_rep: oilcloth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cerata
sense_list:
A fabric or cloth treated on one side with a waterproof covering, especially one made from linseed oil etc.; used for flooring, tablecloths, kitchen shelves and sometimes furniture covering.


lexentry: eng/ointment__Noun__1
written_rep: ointment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: maść
sense_list:
(medicine) A viscous preparation of oils and/or fats, usually containing medication, used as a treatment or as an emollient.


lexentry: eng/okapi__Noun__1
written_rep: okapi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okapi
sense_list:
A large ruminant mammal, of species Okapia johnstoni, found in the rainforests of the Congo, related to the giraffe but with a much shorter neck, a reddish-brown coat, and zebra-like stripes on the hindquarters. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/okroshka__Noun__1
written_rep: okroshka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okroszka
sense_list:
A cold raw vegetable soup, part of the national cuisines of Russia and Ukraine. Usually made by pouring kvass or kefir in a pot of diced cucumber, radish, green onion, boiled potato, boiled egg, sausage or meat, sour cream, and seasoned with dill and parsley.


lexentry: eng/old__Adjective__1
written_rep: old
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stary
sense_list:
Of a perishable item, having existed for most of, or more than, its shelf life. | Having been used and thus no longer new or unused. | Having existed or lived for the specified time. | Former, previous.


lexentry: eng/old_boy_network__Noun__1
written_rep: old boy network
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kolesiostwo
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A presumed unacknowledged system of association between childhood friends (especially those at school or university together), used for mutual assistance or favouritism.


lexentry: eng/old_folks'_home__Noun__1
written_rep: old folks' home
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dom pogodnej jesieni | dom spokojnej starości | dom starców
sense_list:
(colloquial, sometimes, derogatory, or, humorous) A residential complex for elderly people often equipped with special facilities and care services; especially, a nursing home.


lexentry: eng/old_guard__Noun__1
written_rep: old guard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stara gwardia
sense_list:
A (comparatively) conservative, reactionary faction that is more unwilling to accept new ideas than their peers are. | Collectively, the members of a team who have been a long time in a place.


lexentry: eng/old_hat__Noun__1
written_rep: old hat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestarzała rzecz
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something regarded as very familiar and unoriginal, hackneyed, or out of date. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/old_man__Noun__1
written_rep: old man
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: stary | staruszek | zgred
sense_list:
(slang, military) A unit's commanding officer, or the commander of a naval vessel, irrespective of age.


lexentry: eng/old_school__Noun__1
written_rep: old school
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stary nurt
sense_list:
Preceded by the: a group of people characterized by being conservative or traditional; also, a method for accomplishing a task, a style, or a way of thinking that was employed in a former era, remembered either for its inferiority to the current method, or for its superiority over the new way.


lexentry: eng/old_wives'_tale__Noun__1
written_rep: old wives' tale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bajeczka
sense_list:
A rumour, myth or superstition; something which is almost certainly untrue, despite acceptance by many.


lexentry: eng/older_brother__Noun__1
written_rep: older brother
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: starszy brat
sense_list:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see older,‎ brother. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/older_sister__Noun__1
written_rep: older sister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: starsza siostra
sense_list:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see older,‎ sister. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/oleander__Noun__1
written_rep: oleander
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oleander
sense_list:
Nerium oleander, a notoriously poisonous shrub in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, but nonetheless widely grown as an ornamental, having leathery lance-shaped leaves and deep rose-colored or white flowers.


lexentry: eng/oleic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: oleic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas oleinowy
sense_list:
(fatty acid) An unsaturated fatty acid, having 18 carbon atoms and one double bond, found in olive oil and very many other vegetable and animal oils and fats; it is used for making soap, cosmetics etc.


lexentry: eng/oleomancy__Noun__1
written_rep: oleomancy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wróżenie z oleju
sense_list:
(divination, historical) The practice of divination by pouring oil into water and observing the resulting patterns.


lexentry: eng/olericulture__Noun__1
written_rep: olericulture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: warzywnictwo
sense_list:
The field of horticulture dealing with the production, storage, processing and marketing of vegetables


lexentry: eng/oligarchy__Noun__1
written_rep: oligarchy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oligarchia
sense_list:
A government run by and for only a few, often the aristocracy, the wealthy, or their friends and associates. | A state ruled by such a government. | Those who make up an oligarchic government.


lexentry: eng/oligomer__Noun__1
written_rep: oligomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oligomer
sense_list:
(chemistry) A compound intermediate between a monomer and a polymer, normally having a specified number of units between about five and a hundred.


lexentry: eng/oligopoly__Noun__1
written_rep: oligopoly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oligopol
sense_list:
(economics) An economic condition in which a small number of sellers exert control over the market of a commodity.


lexentry: eng/oligosaccharide__Noun__1
written_rep: oligosaccharide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oligosacharydy
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) A polysaccharide of low molecular weight, being a polymer of between three and eight monosaccharide units.


lexentry: eng/olingo__Noun__1
written_rep: olingo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: olingo
sense_list:
A small procyonid of most species of the genus Bassaricyon, resembling the kinkajou, native to the rainforests of Central and South America.


lexentry: eng/olive-backed_pipit__Noun__1
written_rep: olive-backed pipit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: świergotek tajgowy
sense_list:
Anthus hodgsoni, passerine bird of the pipit (Anthus) genus, which breeds across southern, north central and eastern Asia, as well as in the north-eastern European Russia


lexentry: eng/olive__Noun__1
written_rep: olive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: oliwka
sense_list:
The small oval fruit of this tree, eaten ripe (usually black) or unripe (usually green). | The wood of the olive tree.


lexentry: eng/olive_oil__Noun__1
written_rep: olive oil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oliwa | oliwa z oliwek | olej oliwkowy
sense_list:
A vegetable oil, pressed from olives, and used in cooking and as a salad dressing; it is high in unsaturated fatty acids.


lexentry: eng/olm__Noun__1
written_rep: olm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odmieniec jaskiniowy
sense_list:
Proteus anguinus, a cave-dwelling neotenous salamander with external gills, found along the coast from northeastern Italy to Montenegro.


lexentry: eng/omasum__Noun__1
written_rep: omasum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: księgi
sense_list:
(biology, food) The third compartment of the stomach of a ruminant; the lining of said compartment, regarded as a foodstuff.


lexentry: eng/ombudsman__Noun__1
written_rep: ombudsman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ombudsman | rzecznik
sense_list:
An appointed official whose duty is to investigate complaints, generally on behalf of individuals such as consumers or taxpayers, against institutions such as companies and government departments.


lexentry: eng/omega__Noun__1
written_rep: omega
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: omega
sense_list:
The twenty-fourth letter of the Classical and the Modern Greek alphabet, and the twenty-eighth letter of the Old and the Ancient Greek alphabet, i.e. the last letter of every Greek alphabet. Uppercase version: Ω; lowercase: ω.


lexentry: eng/omelette__Noun__1
written_rep: omelette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: omlet
sense_list:
A dish made with beaten eggs cooked in a frying pan without stirring, flipped over to cook on both sides, and sometimes filled or topped with other foodstuffs, for example cheese or chives.


lexentry: eng/omen__Noun__1
written_rep: omen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: omen
sense_list:
Something which portends or is perceived to portend either a good or evil event or circumstance in the future, or which causes a foreboding; a portent or augury.


lexentry: eng/omertà__Noun__1
written_rep: omertà
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: omertà
sense_list:
(crime) A code of silence amongst members of the Mafia that forbids divulging insider secrets to law enforcement, often also followed outside of the organization for fear of retaliation.


lexentry: eng/omission__Noun__1
written_rep: omission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapomnieć
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of omitting. | (grammar) The shortening of a word or phrase, using an apostrophe ( ' ) to replace the missing letters, often used to approximate the sound of speech or a specific dialect.


lexentry: eng/ommatidium__Noun__1
written_rep: ommatidium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: omatidium | fasetka
sense_list:
(zoology) One of the conical substructures which make up the eyes of invertebrates with compound eyes.


lexentry: eng/omnidirectional__Adjective__1
written_rep: omnidirectional
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dookólny | wszechkierunkowy
sense_list:
In every direction, especially of a radio system capable of transmitting or receiving signals in all directions, or of a microphone capable of detecting sound from all directions.


lexentry: eng/omnipresence__Noun__1
written_rep: omnipresence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wszechobecność | omniprezencja
sense_list:
The ability to be, or the characteristic of being, at all places at the same time (usually only attributed to God).


lexentry: eng/omnivorous__Adjective__1
written_rep: omnivorous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wszystkożerny
sense_list:
Having a diet which is neither exclusively carnivorous nor exclusively herbivorous. | (botany) Of a parasite: attacking many species; not confined to a single host plant.


lexentry: eng/on-ramp__Noun__1
written_rep: on-ramp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wjazd
sense_list:
(North America, Australia) A segment of roadway that directs vehicular traffic from local roads onto a freeway.


lexentry: eng/on__Preposition__1
written_rep: on
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na
sense_list:
Positioned at the upper surface of, touching from above. | With verbs describing an action of hitting, rubbing, scratching, binding against, etc., designates the thing impacted or contacted. | To the account or detriment of; denoting imprecation or invocation, or coming to, falling, or resting upon.


lexentry: eng/on__Preposition__1
written_rep: on
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: o
sense_list:
Denoting performance or action by contact with the surface, upper part, or outside of anything; hence, by means of; with. | Dealing with the subject of; about; concerning.


lexentry: eng/on_a_first-name_basis__Adverb__1
written_rep: on a first-name basis
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na "ty"
sense_list:
(idiom) Having enough familiarity with another person to call them by their first name, as opposed to their surname.


lexentry: eng/on_air__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: on air
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: na antenie
sense_list:
(radio, television, broadcasting) Being, or so as to be, broadcast or transmitted by radio or television.


lexentry: eng/on_foot__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: on foot
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pieszo | na piechotę | piechotą
sense_list:
On one's feet; walking, jogging or running but not in a vehicle or on the back of an animal. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/on_one's_feet__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: on one's feet
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na nogach
sense_list:
While standing up or walking, running, etc. | (idiomatic) Able to stand; hence, healthy, well, especially after some previous illness. | (idiomatic) In a satisfactory (non-physical) condition; happy financially, emotionally, etc.


lexentry: eng/on_pain_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: on pain of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pod karą
sense_list:
Used to warn of consequences if a specified act is done or not done: subject to the punishment of (some penalty); or (generally) subject to the circumstance of (some thing).


lexentry: eng/on_site__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: on site
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na miejscu
sense_list:
At the site of a job, or at the location of the customer of a product or service, as opposed to at the vendor's factory or office.


lexentry: eng/on_the_bias__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: on the bias
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na ukos
sense_list:
(textiles) Describing the method of cutting fabric diagonally across the grain (so as to make the clothing cling to the body)


lexentry: eng/on_the_blink__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: on the blink
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niedysponowany
sense_list:
(UK, AU, informal) functioning erratically, malfunctioning; not working or not working well. Usually refers to a mechanical or electrical device.


lexentry: eng/on_the_face_of_it__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: on the face of it
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na pierwszy rzut oka
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Seemingly; to all appearances; as far as can be seen or determined without deeper investigation or analysis.


lexentry: eng/on_the_fly__Adverb__1
written_rep: on the fly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w locie
sense_list:
(baseball, of the ball) While in the air, without having touched the ground. | (idiomatic) Spontaneously or extemporaneously; done as one goes, or during another activity.


lexentry: eng/on_the_fritz__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: on the fritz
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szwankować
sense_list:
(of electrical or mechanical appliances, idiomatic, Northern US) Out of order; malfunctioning; broken.


lexentry: eng/on_the_wagon__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: on the wagon
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na odwyku
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Abstaining from drinking any alcoholic drink, usually in the sense of having given it up (as opposed to never having partaken); teetotal.


lexentry: eng/onager__Noun__1
written_rep: onager
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: onager
sense_list:
The Asiatic wild ass or hemione (Equus hemionus), an animal of the horse family native to Asia; specifically, the Persian onager, Persian wild ass, or Persian zebra (Equus hemionus onager). | (military, historical) A military engine acting like a sling which threw stones from a bag or wooden bucket powered by the torsion from a bundle of ropes or sinews operated by machinery; a torsion catapult.


lexentry: eng/once_upon_a_time__Adverb__1
written_rep: once upon a time
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dawno, dawno temu | pewnego razu | za górami, za lasami
sense_list:
A long time ago; at some time in the past (a traditional beginning of children's stories, especially fairy tales).


lexentry: eng/oncilla__Noun__1
written_rep: oncilla
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ocelot tygrysi | oncilla
sense_list:
a small spotted felid, of species Leopardus tigrinus, found in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America.


lexentry: eng/oncology__Noun__1
written_rep: oncology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: onkologia
sense_list:
The branch of medicine concerned with tumors, including study of their development, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.


lexentry: eng/one-armed_bandit__Noun__1
written_rep: one-armed bandit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jednoręki bandyta
sense_list:
(originally, US, gambling) A gaming machine having a long arm-like handle at one side that a player pulls down to make reels spin; the player wins money or tokens when certain combinations of symbols line up on these reels.


lexentry: eng/one-dimensional__Adjective__1
written_rep: one-dimensional
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jednowymiarowy
sense_list:
Having length, but no width, height or depth. | (figuratively) Lacking depth or believability; flat.


lexentry: eng/one-night_stand__Noun__1
written_rep: one-night stand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skok w bok
sense_list:
An occasion when a performer or team of them (especially in vaudeville) expects to perform at a theater for a single evening. | (idiomatic) A single sexual encounter between two individuals, where at least one of the partners has no immediate intention or expectation of establishing a longer-term sexual or romantic relationship.


lexentry: eng/one-off__Noun__1
written_rep: one-off
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prowizorka
sense_list:
(idiomatic, Commonwealth) Something that is done, created, etc. only once, and often quickly, simply, or improvisationally.


lexentry: eng/one-way_mirror__Noun__1
written_rep: one-way mirror
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lustro półprzepuszczalne | lustro weneckie
sense_list:
A mirror reflecting images on one side and transparent on the other, often used by the police during interrogations.


lexentry: eng/one_and_all__Pronoun__1
written_rep: one and all
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wszyscy co do jednego
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The entire set of persons or things within a given domain, considered both as separate individuals and collectively.


lexentry: eng/one_another__Pronoun__1
written_rep: one another
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nawzajem
sense_list:
(reciprocal pronoun) Used of a reciprocal relationship among a group of two or more people or things; compare each other.


lexentry: eng/one_for_all,_all_for_one__Phrase__1
written_rep: one for all, all for one
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jeden za wszystkich, wszyscy za jednego
sense_list:
Each individual should act for the benefit of the group, and the group should act for the benefit of each individual.


lexentry: eng/one_o'clock__Noun__1
written_rep: one o'clock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pierwsza
sense_list:
(In both the 12-hour clock and the 24-hour clock) The start of the second hour of the day; 1:00 a.m. (01:00).


lexentry: eng/one_swallow_does_not_a_summer_make__Proverb__1
written_rep: one swallow does not a summer make
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jedna jaskółka wiosny nie czyni
sense_list:
One instance of an event (such as the arrival of a single bird) does not necessarily indicate a trend.


lexentry: eng/onerous__Adjective__1
written_rep: onerous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uciążliwy
sense_list:
Imposing or constituting a physical, mental, or figurative load which can be borne only with effort; burdensome.


lexentry: eng/ones'_complement__Noun__1
written_rep: ones' complement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kod uzupełnień do jedności
sense_list:
(computing) The number obtained by subtracting a given n-digit binary number from 2^n - 1 (which yields the same result as the logical complement). | (computing) The convention by which bit patterns with high bit 0 represent positive numbers from 0 to 2^{n-1} - 1 directly, while bit patterns with high bit 1 represent negative numbers from 0 to -(2^{n-1} - 1), n being the word size of the machine, and the numeric complement of a number is its ones' complement.


lexentry: eng/onigiri__Noun__1
written_rep: onigiri
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: onigiri
sense_list:
A Japanese food made by putting ingredients into white rice, wrapping the outside with laver, and shaping it into a triangle.


lexentry: eng/onion__Noun__1
written_rep: onion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cebula
sense_list:
A monocotyledonous plant (Allium cepa), allied to garlic, used as vegetable and spice. | The bulb of such a plant.


lexentry: eng/onion_dome__Noun__1
written_rep: onion dome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cebula
sense_list:
(architecture) An onion-shaped dome, characteristic of august buildings in Moghul and Russian architecture


lexentry: eng/online__Adjective__1
written_rep: online
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: online
sense_list:
Of a computer: actively connected to the Internet or to some other communications service. | Of a system: connected (generally electrically) to a larger network. | Available over, or delivered from, the Internet.


lexentry: eng/onomatopoeia__Noun__1
written_rep: onomatopoeia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: onomatopeja | wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy
sense_list:
(uncountable) The property of a word that sounds like what it represents. | (countable) A word that sounds like what it represents, such as "gurgle", "stutter", or "hiss".


lexentry: eng/onset__Noun__1
written_rep: onset
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: posmak
sense_list:
(acoustics) The beginning of a musical note or other sound, in which the amplitude rises from zero to an initial peak.


lexentry: eng/ontologist__Noun__1
written_rep: ontologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ontolog
sense_list:
(philosophy) A scholar or theorist of ontology, or an adherent of a particular ontological doctrine.


lexentry: eng/ontology__Noun__1
written_rep: ontology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ontologia
sense_list:
(uncountable, philosophy) The branch of metaphysics that addresses the nature or essential characteristics of being and of things that exist; the study of being qua being. | (countable, computer science, information science) A structure of concepts or entities within a domain, organized by relationships; a system model.


lexentry: eng/onychophoran__Noun__1
written_rep: onychophoran
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pazurnica | pratchawiec
sense_list:
(zoology) Any of many wormlike carnivorous ecdysozoan animals of the phylum Onychophora. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/oodles__Noun__1
written_rep: oodles
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: masa | mnóstwo
sense_list:
(originally, US, informal, chiefly with "of") unspecified large amount, number, or quantity; lots, tons.


lexentry: eng/oogamy__Noun__1
written_rep: oogamy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oogamia
sense_list:
(biology) A form of anisogamy (heterogamy) in which the female gamete (e.g. ovum) is significantly larger than the male gamete (sperm) and is non-motile.


lexentry: eng/oolite__Noun__1
written_rep: oolite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ikrowiec | oolit
sense_list:
(geology) A rock consisting of spherical grains within a mineral cortex accreted around a nucleus, often of quartz grains.


lexentry: eng/oomycete__Noun__1
written_rep: oomycete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lęgniowiec
sense_list:
(biology) Any of a number of filamentous unicellular protists of the class Oomycetes; the water molds.


lexentry: eng/oosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: oosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oosfera
sense_list:
(botany, mycology) A large nonmotile egg cell, especially of an alga or fungus, formed in an oogonium and ready for fertilization.


lexentry: eng/ooze__Noun__1
written_rep: ooze
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brzeczka garbująca
sense_list:
Tanning liquor, an aqueous extract of vegetable matter (tanbark, sumac, etc.) in a tanning vat used to tan leather.


lexentry: eng/opal__Noun__1
written_rep: opal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opal
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral consisting, like quartz, of silica, but inferior to quartz in hardness and specific gravity, of the chemical formula SiO2·nH2O.


lexentry: eng/open-book__Adjective__1
written_rep: open-book
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: egzamin z notatkami
sense_list:
(education) Designating exams in which specified external resources, potentially including textbooks, glossaries, study notes, calculators, etc. may be used.


lexentry: eng/open-mid__Adjective__1
written_rep: open-mid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: półotwarty
sense_list:
(phonetics, of a vowel) pronounced with the tongue in a position approximately one-third of the way between an open and a close vowel


lexentry: eng/open-pit_mine__Noun__1
written_rep: open-pit mine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kopalnia odkrywkowa
sense_list:
A type of mine where rock or minerals are extracted from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow.


lexentry: eng/open_Pandora's_box__Verb__1
written_rep: open Pandora's box
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otwierać puszkę Pandory | otworzyć puszkę Pandory
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To perform an action that causes problems to appear which did not exist beforehand, or were not known about prior.


lexentry: eng/open__Adjective__1
written_rep: open
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: otwarty
sense_list:
(not comparable) Actively conducting or prepared to conduct business. | (comparable) Receptive. | (not comparable) Public. | Not settled; not decided or determined; not withdrawn from consideration. | (mathematics, topology, of a set) Which is part of a predefined collection of subsets of X, that defines a topological space on X.


lexentry: eng/open__Verb__1
written_rep: open
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: otwierać | podejmować
sense_list:
(computing, transitive, intransitive) To connect to a resource (a file, document, etc.) for viewing or editing.


lexentry: eng/open_book__Noun__1
written_rep: open book
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: naiwniaczka | naiwniak
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A person who through naivete responds candidly to questions or openly displays their emotions or intentions.


lexentry: eng/open_book_decomposition__Noun__1
written_rep: open book decomposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otwarta książka
sense_list:
(mathematics, topology) A decomposition of a 3-manifold into a link and a fibration over the circle by surfaces bounded by that link.


lexentry: eng/open_letter__Noun__1
written_rep: open letter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: list otwarty
sense_list:
A letter addressed to one person, or more, but published (as for example in a newspaper) for the public to read.


lexentry: eng/open_relationship__Noun__1
written_rep: open relationship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: związek otwarty
sense_list:
A romantic and/or sexual relationship in which the people involved are permitted or tolerated to be available to have additional simultaneous romantic and/or sexual relationships.


lexentry: eng/open_secret__Noun__1
written_rep: open secret
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tajemnica poliszynela
sense_list:
Information that is widely known, but not acknowledged openly. | (dated) Information that is not widely known, despite being freely available.


lexentry: eng/open_set__Noun__1
written_rep: open set
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zbiór otwarty
sense_list:
(topology) Informally, a set such that the target point of a movement by a small amount in any direction from any point in the set is still in the set; exemplified by a full circle without its boundary.


lexentry: eng/open_up__Verb__1
written_rep: open up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: otwierać | otwierać się | otworzyć | otworzyć się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To reveal oneself; to share personal information about oneself; to become communicative.


lexentry: eng/open_world__Noun__1
written_rep: open world
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otwarty świat | piaskownica
sense_list:
(video games, also, attributive) A gameworld that the player may traverse freely, rather than being restricted to certain predefined areas and quests. [from early 21st c.]


lexentry: eng/openbill__Noun__1
written_rep: openbill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kleszczak
sense_list:
Either of two species of bird in the genus Anastomus of the stork family Ciconiidae, with a distinctive gap between the mandibles of the closed bill.


lexentry: eng/opencast__Adjective__1
written_rep: opencast
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kopalnia odkrywkowa
sense_list:
(chiefly, British) Of or pertaining to strip mining, in which material is removed from a surface that has been exposed


lexentry: eng/opera__Noun__1
written_rep: opera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opera
sense_list:
(music) A theatrical work, combining drama, music, song and sometimes dance. | (music) The score for such a work. | (music) The genre of such works, the art of composing operas. | A company dedicated to performing such works.


lexentry: eng/opera_glasses__Noun__2
written_rep: opera glasses
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lornetka teatralna
sense_list:
One or more pairs of small low-powered binoculars for use by members of the audience at a theatrical performance.


lexentry: eng/operate__Verb__1
written_rep: operate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prowadzić
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To perform a work or labour; to exert power or strength, physical or mechanical; to act. | (medicine, transitive, or, intransitive) To perform some manual act upon a human body in a methodical manner, and usually with instruments, with a view to restore soundness or health, as in amputation, lithotomy, etc. | (transitive) To put into, or to continue in, operation or activity; to work.


lexentry: eng/operate__Verb__1
written_rep: operate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pracować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To produce an appropriate physical effect; to issue in the result designed by nature; especially (medicine) to take appropriate effect on the human system.


lexentry: eng/operating_system__Noun__1
written_rep: operating system
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: system operacyjny
sense_list:
(computing, software) Software that is designed for controlling the allocation and the use of various hardware resources to tasks and remote terminals.


lexentry: eng/operating_theatre__Noun__1
written_rep: operating theatre
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sala operacyjna
sense_list:
A room in a hospital used for performing surgery (originally designed for operations in front of observers).


lexentry: eng/operation__Noun__1
written_rep: operation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: operacja
sense_list:
(countable) A planned undertaking. | (countable, medicine) A surgical procedure. | (computing, logic, mathematics, countable) A procedure for generating a value from one or more other values (the operands).


lexentry: eng/operator__Noun__1
written_rep: operator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: operator
sense_list:
A person or organisation that operates a device, system, service, etc. | A member of a military special operations unit. | (informal) A person who is adept at making deals or getting results, especially one who uses questionable methods. | (ellipsis, mining) The company that operates a mine; often the same one that owns the mine.


lexentry: eng/operetta__Noun__1
written_rep: operetta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: operetka
sense_list:
(music) A lighter version of opera with a frivolous story and spoken dialogue. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/ophthalmologist__Noun__1
written_rep: ophthalmologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okulista | okulistka
sense_list:
A medical doctor specializing in the eye: deficiencies of vision requiring correction, and diseases. Compare optometrist.


lexentry: eng/opine__Verb__1
written_rep: opine
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opiniować | wydawać opinię
sense_list:
(intransitive, transitive) To express an opinion; to state as an opinion; to suppose, consider (that).


lexentry: eng/opinion__Noun__1
written_rep: opinion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opinia | pogląd | zdanie
sense_list:
A belief, judgment or perspective that a person has formed, either through objective or subjective reasoning, about a topic, issue, person or thing.


lexentry: eng/opinion_piece__Noun__1
written_rep: opinion piece
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: felieton
sense_list:
(journalism) An article in which the author expresses his or her personal opinion on a given subject.


lexentry: eng/opium__Noun__1
written_rep: opium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opium
sense_list:
(uncountable) A yellow-brown, addictive narcotic drug obtained from the dried juice of unripe pods of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, and containing alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, and papaverine.


lexentry: eng/opponent__Noun__1
written_rep: opponent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeciwnik | adwersarz | adwersarka | oponent | oponentka | przeciwniczka
sense_list:
One who opposes another; one who works or takes a position against someone or something; one who attempts to stop the progress of someone or something.


lexentry: eng/opportunism__Noun__1
written_rep: opportunism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: oportunizm
sense_list:
(Marxism) The political line of Communist Party members who zealously support the Party, but whose trait is that they yield to the mood of the moment, they are unable to resist what is fashionable, leading to the sacrifice of the permanent and essential interests of the Party to the momentary and minor interests.


lexentry: eng/opportunist__Noun__1
written_rep: opportunist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oportunista | oportunistka
sense_list:
Someone who takes advantage of any opportunity to advance their own situation, placing expediency above principle.


lexentry: eng/opportunity_cost__Noun__1
written_rep: opportunity cost
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koszt alternatywny
sense_list:
(economics) The cost of an opportunity forgone (and the loss of the benefits that could be received from that opportunity); the most valuable forgone alternative.


lexentry: eng/oppose__Verb__1
written_rep: oppose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oponować | przeciwstawiać | przeciwstawić | sprzeciwiać | sprzeciwić | zaoponować
sense_list:
To attempt to stop the progression of; to resist or antagonize by physical means, or by arguments, etc.; to contend against.


lexentry: eng/opposition__Noun__1
written_rep: opposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opozycja
sense_list:
The action of opposing or of being in conflict. | (astronomy) The apparent relative position of two celestial bodies when one is at an angle of 180 degrees from the other as seen from the Earth. | (politics) A political party or movement opposed to the party or government in power. | (chess) A position in which the player on the move must yield with his king allowing his opponent to advance with his own king. | (logic) The difference of quantity or quality between two propositions having the same subject and predicate.


lexentry: eng/opprobrium__Noun__1
written_rep: opprobrium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zelżywość
sense_list:
Disgrace or bad reputation arising from exceedingly shameful behaviour; ignominy. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/oprichnina__Noun__1
written_rep: oprichnina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opricznina | oprycznina
sense_list:
(historical) The period of Russian history between 1565 and 1572 during which Tsar Ivan the Terrible instituted a domestic policy of secret police, mass repressions, public executions, and confiscation of land from Russian aristocrats.


lexentry: eng/opt-in__Adjective__1
written_rep: opt-in
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uczestniczący
sense_list:
The property of having to choose explicitly to join or permit something; a decision having the default option being exclusion or avoidance; used particularly with regard to mailing lists and advertising.


lexentry: eng/opt-out__Adjective__1
written_rep: opt-out
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rezygnacyjny
sense_list:
Requiring a person or organization to choose explicitly to avoid or forbid something; tending to include by default; used particularly with regard to mailing lists and advertising.


lexentry: eng/optic__Adjective__1
written_rep: optic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optyczny
sense_list:
(relational) Of, or relating to the eye or to vision. | (optics, relational) Of, or relating to optics or optical instruments.


lexentry: eng/optic_nerve__Noun__1
written_rep: optic nerve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nerw wzrokowy
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) Each of the second pair of cranial nerves that carry visual information from the retina to the brain.


lexentry: eng/optical__Adjective__1
written_rep: optical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: optyczny
sense_list:
Designed to assist or enhance sight | Of or relating to visible light. | Incorporating light-sensitive devices.


lexentry: eng/optical_disc__Noun__1
written_rep: optical disc
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dysk optyczny
sense_list:
(computer hardware) A modern data storage medium consisting of a flat disc read mechanically by illumination with laser light, including the Laserdisc, compact disc, DVD, and Blu-ray.


lexentry: eng/optical_double__Noun__1
written_rep: optical double
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optyczna gwiazda podwójna
sense_list:
(star) A star that appears as a double due to an optical illusion; in reality, the stars may be far apart from each other.


lexentry: eng/optical_fibre__Noun__1
written_rep: optical fibre
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: światłowód
sense_list:
(British spelling) A thin, transparent, flexible fibre, made of glass or plastic, used for transmitting light.


lexentry: eng/optimistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: optimistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optymistyczny
sense_list:
Expecting the best in all possible ways. | (computing) Allowing other processes to perform transactions on the same data at the same time, and checking for conflicts only when changes need to be written back.


lexentry: eng/optimization__Noun__1
written_rep: optimization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optymalizacja
sense_list:
The design and operation of a system or process to make it as good as possible in some defined sense.


lexentry: eng/optimum__Noun__1
written_rep: optimum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optimum
sense_list:
The best or most favorable condition, or the greatest amount or degree possible under specific sets of comparable circumstances.


lexentry: eng/option__Noun__1
written_rep: option
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: opcja
sense_list:
(finance, legal) A contract giving the holder the right to buy or sell an asset at a set strike price; can apply to financial market transactions, or to ordinary transactions for tangible assets such as a residence or automobile. [from mid-18th c.]


lexentry: eng/optoelectronic__Adjective__1
written_rep: optoelectronic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optoelektroniczny
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to optoelectronics. | That has both optical and electronic components, especially such components that interact.


lexentry: eng/optometrist__Noun__1
written_rep: optometrist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optometrysta | optometrystka
sense_list:
A person trained and skilled in examining and testing the eyes for defects, in order to prescribe corrective lenses or treatment.


lexentry: eng/opus__Noun__1
written_rep: opus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opus
sense_list:
(music) A work of music or set of works with a specified rank in an ordering of a composer's complete published works.


lexentry: eng/or__Conjunction__1
written_rep: or
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: albo | lub | czy | bądź | tudzież
sense_list:
(logic) An operator denoting the disjunction of two propositions or truth values. There are two forms, the inclusive or and the exclusive or. | Otherwise (a consequence of the condition that the previous is false).


lexentry: eng/or_something__Phrase__1
written_rep: or something
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czy coś takiego
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Or something like that. Used to indicate the possibility that the preceding word or phrase is vague or not exactly correct in its applicability.


lexentry: eng/or_words_to_that_effect__Phrase__1
written_rep: or words to that effect
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: coś w tym stylu
sense_list:
(idiomatic) used to indicate a paraphrase or the chance of an error in the details of reported speech.


lexentry: eng/oral_cavity__Noun__1
written_rep: oral cavity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jama ustna
sense_list:
(anatomy) The cavity of the mouth, especially the part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the mucous membrane connecting it with the inner part of the mandible.


lexentry: eng/oral_hygiene__Noun__1
written_rep: oral hygiene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: higiena jamy ustnej
sense_list:
The practice of keeping the mouth clean in order to prevent cavities (dental caries), gingivitis, periodontitis, bad breath (halitosis), and other dental disorders.


lexentry: eng/orange__Noun__1
written_rep: orange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pomarańcza | drzewo pomarańczowe
sense_list:
(countable) An evergreen tree of the genus Citrus such as Citrus sinensis which yields oranges (the fruit).


lexentry: eng/orange__Noun__1
written_rep: orange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pomarańcza | pomarańcz
sense_list:
(countable) Any round citrus fruit with a yellow-red colour when ripe and a sour-sweet taste; the fruit of the orange tree.


lexentry: eng/orange__Noun__1
written_rep: orange
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: pomarańczowy | pomarańcz | pomarańcza
sense_list:
An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured cordial. | An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured soft drink.


lexentry: eng/orange_juice__Noun__1
written_rep: orange juice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sok pomarańczowy
sense_list:
The juice of squeezed oranges; used as a beverage or in cocktails. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/orange_peel__Noun__1
written_rep: orange peel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skórka pomarańczowa
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, literally) The skin of an orange, including the pith. | An uneven surface resembling orange peel, especially cellulite or an imperfect finish on a spray-painted object such as a car.


lexentry: eng/orangutan__Noun__1
written_rep: orangutan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orangutan
sense_list:
An arboreal ape, characterised by their shaggy reddish-brown coat and long arms, which comprise the genus Pongo, native to Borneo and Sumatra.


lexentry: eng/orans__Noun__1
written_rep: orans
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adorant
sense_list:
(arts, Christianity) A figure in an attitude of prayer, usually standing, with the elbows close to the sides of the body and with the hands outstretched sideways, palms up. | (Christianity) The posture or bodily attitude of such a figure.


lexentry: eng/oration__Noun__1
written_rep: oration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oracja
sense_list:
A formal, often ceremonial speech. | (Catholicism) A specific form of short, solemn prayer said by the president of the liturgical celebration on behalf of the people.


lexentry: eng/oratorio__Noun__1
written_rep: oratorio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oratorium
sense_list:
(music) A musical composition, often based on a religious theme; similar to opera but with no costume, scenery or acting.


lexentry: eng/orb__Noun__1
written_rep: orb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sfera
sense_list:
Celestial sphere; one of the azure transparent spheres conceived by the ancients to be enclosed one within another, and to carry the heavenly bodies in their revolutions


lexentry: eng/orbit__Noun__1
written_rep: orbit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orbita
sense_list:
(pinball) A path for the ball on the outer edge of the playfield, usually connected so that the ball entering in one end will come out of the other.


lexentry: eng/orbital__Adjective__1
written_rep: orbital
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oczodołowy | orbitalny
sense_list:
Of or relating to, or forming an orbit (such as the orbit of a moon, planet, or spacecraft). | (anatomy) Of or relating to the eye socket (eyehole).


lexentry: eng/orbital__Noun__1
written_rep: orbital
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orbital
sense_list:
(physics) A specification of the energy and probability density of one or more electrons at any point in an atom or molecule, representable as a wave function.


lexentry: eng/orc__Noun__2
written_rep: orc
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ork
sense_list:
(fantasy, mythology) A mythical evil monstrous humanoid creature, usually quite aggressive and often green. [from 17th c.] | (slang, derogatory) A Russian soldier or gangster.


lexentry: eng/orchestra__Noun__1
written_rep: orchestra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orkiestra
sense_list:
(music) A large group of musicians who play together on various instruments, usually including some from strings, woodwind, brass and/or percussion; the instruments played by such a group. | The area in a theatre or concert hall where the musicians sit, immediately in front of and below the stage, sometimes (also) used by other performers.


lexentry: eng/orchestra__Noun__1
written_rep: orchestra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: orchestra | orkiestra
sense_list:
(Ancient Greece, theater) A semicircular space in front of the stage used by the chorus in Ancient Greek and Hellenistic theatres.


lexentry: eng/orchestra_pit__Noun__1
written_rep: orchestra pit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kanał dla orkiestry | orkiestron
sense_list:
(performing arts) A sunken area in front of a stage in which musicians, largely hidden from view, play music to accompany stage performances.


lexentry: eng/orchid__Noun__1
written_rep: orchid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orchidea | storczyk
sense_list:
A plant of the orchid family (Orchidaceae), bearing unusually-shaped flowers of beautiful colours. [mid-19th c.]


lexentry: eng/orda__Noun__1
written_rep: orda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: horda
sense_list:
(historical) A political and military organizational structure used by Turkic and Mongol peoples, sometimes referred to as a horde.


lexentry: eng/ordeal__Noun__1
written_rep: ordeal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ordalia | sąd boży
sense_list:
(historical) A trial in which the accused was subjected to a dangerous test (such as ducking in water), divine authority deciding the guilt of the accused.


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
written_rep: order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: zakon | rząd
sense_list:
(countable) A group of religious adherents, especially monks or nuns, set apart within their religion by adherence to a particular rule or set of principles. | (graph theory, of a graph) The number of vertices in the graph (i.e. the set-theoretic order of the set of vertices of the graph).


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
written_rep: order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: order | zakon
sense_list:
(countable) A decoration, awarded by a government, a dynastic house, or a religious body to an individual, usually for distinguished service to a nation or to humanity.


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
written_rep: order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: rząd | porządek
sense_list:
(countable, biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below class and above family; a taxon at that rank.


lexentry: eng/order__Noun__1
written_rep: order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 12
trans_list: liczba atomowa | porządek
sense_list:
A number of things or persons arranged in a fixed or suitable place, or relative position; a rank; a row; a grade; especially, a rank or class in society; a distinct character, kind, or sort.


lexentry: eng/order_of_knighthood__Noun__1
written_rep: order of knighthood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakon rycerski
sense_list:
An order which (at least mainly) consists of members who receive and/or most have the knighthood, hence constitutes an honorific brotherhood (in modern times often open to both genders, in rare cases a sisterhood) of knights (and/or, as female equivalent, dames). The hierarchical structure, purpose, activities (in many cases rare and mainly ceremonious), titles and insignia vary widely.


lexentry: eng/order_of_magnitude__Noun__1
written_rep: order of magnitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rząd wielkości
sense_list:
(mathematics) The class of scale or magnitude of any amount, where each class contains values of a fixed ratio (most often 10) to the class preceding it.


lexentry: eng/ordered_pair__Noun__1
written_rep: ordered pair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: para uporządkowana
sense_list:
(set theory) An object containing exactly two elements in a fixed order, so that, when the elements are different, exchanging them gives a different object. Notation: (a, b) or \langle a, b\rangle.


lexentry: eng/ordinal_number__Noun__1
written_rep: ordinal number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczebnik porządkowy | liczba porządkowa
sense_list:
(grammar) A word that expresses the relative position of an item in a sequence. | (arithmetic) A natural number used to denote position in a sequence. | (set theory) Such a number generalised to correspond to any cardinal number (the size of some set); formally, the order type of some well-ordered set of some cardinality a, which represents an equivalence class of well-ordered sets (exactly those of cardinality a) under the equivalence relation "existence of an order-preserving bijection".


lexentry: eng/ordinary__Noun__1
written_rep: ordinary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: figura heraldyczna
sense_list:
(heraldry) One of the standard geometric designs placed across the center of a coat of arms, such as a pale or fess. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/ordinate__Noun__1
written_rep: ordinate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzędna
sense_list:
(geometry) The second of the two terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of fixed rectilinear coordinate (Cartesian coordinate) axes. | (geometry) The vertical line representing an axis of a Cartesian coordinate system, on which the ordinate (sense above) is shown.


lexentry: eng/ordoliberalism__Noun__1
written_rep: ordoliberalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ordoliberalizm
sense_list:
(economics, politics) A political philosophy that emphasizes the desirability of the government establishing rules to maximize the potential of the free market to produce results.


lexentry: eng/ore__Noun__1
written_rep: ore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ruda
sense_list:
Rock or other material that contains valuable or utilitarian materials; primarily a rock containing metals or gems for which it is typically mined and processed.


lexentry: eng/orf__Noun__2
written_rep: orf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niesztowica | niesztowice
sense_list:
(medicine) An exanthemous disease caused by a parapox virus, occurring primarily in sheep and goats but also capable of infecting humans.


lexentry: eng/organ__Noun__1
written_rep: organ
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: organ | narząd
sense_list:
(by extension) A body of an organization dedicated to the performing of certain functions. | An official magazine, newsletter, or similar publication of an organization.


lexentry: eng/organ__Noun__1
written_rep: organ
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: organy
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument that has multiple pipes which play when a key is pressed (the pipe organ), or an electronic instrument designed to replicate such.


lexentry: eng/organ_donor__Noun__1
written_rep: organ donor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dawca narządów
sense_list:
A person (living or dead) from whom an organ is removed in order to be transplanted into another person.


lexentry: eng/organ_gun__Noun__1
written_rep: organ gun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: organki
sense_list:
(firearm, historical) A large, portable firearm normally supported by wheels, in which bullets may be fired from a row of several tubes in succession; it was chiefly used from the 14th to the 17th century.


lexentry: eng/organ_loft__Noun__1
written_rep: organ loft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: platforma do organów
sense_list:
The gallery or raised platform within a church or hall from which an organ is played, though not necessarily housing the organ itself.


lexentry: eng/organelle__Noun__1
written_rep: organelle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: organellum | organella | organoid
sense_list:
(cytology) A specialized structure found inside cells that carries out a specific life process (e.g. ribosomes, vacuoles).


lexentry: eng/organic__Adjective__1
written_rep: organic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: organiczny
sense_list:
(biology) Pertaining to or derived from living organisms. [from 1778] | (chemistry) Relating to the compounds of carbon, relating to natural products.


lexentry: eng/organic__Adjective__1
written_rep: organic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: naturalny
sense_list:
(agriculture) Of food or food products, grown in an environment free from artificial agrichemicals, and possibly certified by a regulatory body. [from 1942]


lexentry: eng/organic_chemistry__Noun__1
written_rep: organic chemistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chemia organiczna
sense_list:
(chemistry) The chemistry of organic compounds (that is, chemical compounds with carbon atoms in a covalent bond).


lexentry: eng/organic_farming__Noun__1
written_rep: organic farming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uprawa naturalna
sense_list:
(agriculture) An approach to farming based on biological methods that avoid the use of synthetic crop or livestock production inputs and on a broadly defined philosophy of farming that puts value on ecological harmony, resource efficiency, and non-intensive animal husbandry practices.


lexentry: eng/organism__Noun__1
written_rep: organism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: organizm
sense_list:
Something with many separate interdependent parts, seen as being like a living thing; an organic system. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/organization__Noun__1
written_rep: organization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: organizacja
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being organized. | (countable) A group of people or other legal entities with an explicit purpose and written rules. | (countable) A group of people consciously cooperating.


lexentry: eng/organization_chart__Noun__1
written_rep: organization chart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schemat organizacyjny
sense_list:
(management) A graphic display of reporting relationships in an organization, sometimes displaying position titles and position holders.


lexentry: eng/organized_crime__Noun__1
written_rep: organized crime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestępczość zorganizowana
sense_list:
A large criminal organization, or a group of such organizations, that deals in illegal goods and services. | The crimes perpetrated by those organizations.


lexentry: eng/organometallic__Adjective__1
written_rep: organometallic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: organometaliczny
sense_list:
(chemistry) of, or relating to organic compounds having a metal atom directly bonded to a carbon atom


lexentry: eng/orgasm__Noun__1
written_rep: orgasm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: orgazm
sense_list:
A rush of sexual excitement; now specifically, the climax or peak of sexual pleasure, which occurs during sexual activity and which in males may include ejaculation and in females vaginal contractions. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/orgy__Noun__1
written_rep: orgy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: orgia
sense_list:
A gathering of people to engage in group sex. | An instance or period of excessive indulgence in a specified activity.


lexentry: eng/oriel__Noun__1
written_rep: oriel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykusz
sense_list:
(architecture) A large polygonal recess in a building, such as a bay window, forming a protrusion on the outer wall.


lexentry: eng/orient__Verb__1
written_rep: orient
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ukierunkować
sense_list:
(transitive, by extension) To align or place (a person or object) so that his, her, or its east side, north side, etc., is positioned toward the corresponding points of the compass; (specifically, surveying) to rotate (a map attached to a plane table) until the line of direction between any two of its points is parallel to the corresponding direction in nature.


lexentry: eng/orient__Verb__1
written_rep: orient
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: orientować się
sense_list:
(transitive, often, reflexive, figuratively) To familiarize (oneself or someone) with a circumstance or situation.


lexentry: eng/orientalism__Noun__1
written_rep: orientalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orientalizm
sense_list:
(arts, architecture, literature) The tendency to represent eastern subjects, to assume stylistical characteristics original of the East.


lexentry: eng/orientation__Noun__1
written_rep: orientation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: orientacja
sense_list:
(education) Events to orient new students at a school; events to help new students become familiar with a school.


lexentry: eng/origin_story__Noun__1
written_rep: origin story
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: geneza
sense_list:
(narratology) An account of how a fictional character or characters became a protagonist or antagonist.


lexentry: eng/original__Noun__1
written_rep: original
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oryginał | autentyk | pierwowzór | prawzór | wzorzec
sense_list:
An object or other creation (e.g. narrative work) from which all later copies and variations are derived.


lexentry: eng/original_sin__Noun__1
written_rep: original sin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: grzech pierworodny
sense_list:
(Christianity) The state of sinfulness, present in each human from birth, which is a result of Adam's disobedience.


lexentry: eng/originate__Verb__1
written_rep: originate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozwijać
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause (someone or something) to be; to bring (someone or something) into existence; to produce or initiate a person or thing. [from 17th c.] | (intransitive) To come into existence; to have origin or beginning; to spring, be derived (from, with). [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/oriole__Noun__1
written_rep: oriole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wilga
sense_list:
Any of various colourful passerine birds, the New World orioles from the family Icteridae and the Old World orioles from the family Oriolidae.


lexentry: eng/orisha__Noun__1
written_rep: orisha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orisza
sense_list:
A divine entity in Yoruba religion that possesses the supernatural capability of reflecting some of the manifestations of Olódùmarè


lexentry: eng/ornament__Noun__1
written_rep: ornament
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ornament
sense_list:
An element of decoration; that which embellishes or adorns. | (music) A musical flourish that is unnecessary to the overall melodic or harmonic line, but serves to decorate that line.


lexentry: eng/ornery__Adjective__1
written_rep: ornery
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uparty
sense_list:
(originally, and, chiefly, US, especially, Appalachia, informal) Disagreeable, stubborn, and troublesome to deal with; cantankerous.


lexentry: eng/ornithine__Noun__1
written_rep: ornithine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ornityna
sense_list:
(amino acid, organic compound) An amino acid, 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid, that is not present in protein, but is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of urea.


lexentry: eng/ornithomimus__Noun__1
written_rep: ornithomimus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ornitomim
sense_list:
(paleontology) Any relatively small theropod dinosaur of the genus †Ornithomimus, the first genus of the ornithomimids to be described.


lexentry: eng/orotic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: orotic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas orotowy
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A crystalline acid which was discovered in milk and is a growth factor for various microorganisms (as Lactobacillus bulgaricus) and an intermediate in pyrimidine biosynthesis; uracil-6-carboxylic acid, C5H4N2O4.


lexentry: eng/orphrey__Noun__1
written_rep: orphrey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: złota ozdoba
sense_list:
(Christianity) An embroidered ornamental band or border on an ecclesiastical vestment, altar frontal, etc. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/orpiment__Noun__1
written_rep: orpiment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aurypigment
sense_list:
Arsenic trisulphide, occurring naturally in crystals or massive deposits, formerly used as a dye or pigment.


lexentry: eng/orthoclase__Noun__1
written_rep: orthoclase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ortoklaz
sense_list:
(mineral) Potassium aluminum silicate, KAlSi3O8, a common feldspar of igneous, plutonic, and metamorphic rocks. Orthoclase is the main feldspar of pegmatite occurrences, where it is most commonly flesh-colored. Orthoclase is used in the ceramic and glass industries and as a decorative gravel.


lexentry: eng/orthodox__Adjective__1
written_rep: orthodox
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ortodoksyjny | prawowierny
sense_list:
Conforming to the accepted, established, or traditional doctrines of a given faith, religion, or ideology. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/orthodoxy__Noun__1
written_rep: orthodoxy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ortodoksja
sense_list:
Correctness of doctrine and belief in regard to any doctrinal (i.e. philosophical or theological) system.


lexentry: eng/orthogenesis__Noun__1
written_rep: orthogenesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ortogeneza
sense_list:
(evolutionary theory, historical) The hypothesis that evolution tends toward a certain goal, at least at some scales.


lexentry: eng/orthogonal__Adjective__1
written_rep: orthogonal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ortogonalny | prostopadły
sense_list:
(geometry) Of two objects, at right angles; perpendicular to each other. | (mathematics) | Of a pair of elements in an ortholattice: each less than or equal to the orthocomplement of the other.


lexentry: eng/orthogonal__Adjective__1
written_rep: orthogonal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: niezależny
sense_list:
(software engineering) Of two or more aspects of a problem, able to be treated separately; of a design, exhibiting consistency and composability.


lexentry: eng/orthographically__Adverb__1
written_rep: orthographically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ortograficznie
sense_list:
(drafting, engineering, manufacturing) Using an orthographic projection (a way of showing three-dimensional objects in two-dimensional engineering drawings).


lexentry: eng/orthography__Noun__1
written_rep: orthography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ortografia
sense_list:
(countable) A method of representing a language or the sounds of language by written symbols; spelling. | (uncountable) The aspect of language study concerned with letters and their sequences in words; the study of spelling.


lexentry: eng/orthography__Noun__1
written_rep: orthography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ortografia | pisownia
sense_list:
(uncountable) Correct spelling according to established usage; also (obsolete) pronunciation according to the spelling of a word.


lexentry: eng/orthopedics__Noun__1
written_rep: orthopedics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ortopedia
sense_list:
(medicine) The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention or correction of disorders of the bones and associated muscles and joints


lexentry: eng/orthophoto__Noun__1
written_rep: orthophoto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ortofotografia
sense_list:
An aerial photograph that has been geometrically corrected (orthorectified) such that the scale of the photograph is uniform, meaning that the photo can be considered equivalent to a map.


lexentry: eng/oscar__Noun__1
written_rep: oscar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ocznik | pielęgnica pawiooka
sense_list:
A cichlid fish of species Astronotus ocellatus, native to South America, sometimes kept in aquariums.


lexentry: eng/oscilloscope__Noun__1
written_rep: oscilloscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oscyloskop
sense_list:
An electronic measuring instrument that creates a visible two-dimensional graph, on a screen, of one or more continuously varying voltages or currents.


lexentry: eng/osculating_circle__Noun__1
written_rep: osculating circle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okrąg ściśle styczny
sense_list:
(geometry, for any point on a curve) The circle that has the same tangent, and the same curvature at the point on the curve.


lexentry: eng/osmium__Noun__1
written_rep: osmium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osm
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Os) with atomic number 76: a hard, brittle, heavy, bluish-white transition metal found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores.


lexentry: eng/osmoregulation__Noun__1
written_rep: osmoregulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osmoregulacja
sense_list:
The homeostatic regulation of osmotic pressure in the body in order to maintain a certain water content (concentration of electrolytes, pH, etc).


lexentry: eng/osmosis__Noun__1
written_rep: osmosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osmoza
sense_list:
(chemistry) The net movement of solvent molecules, usually water, from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a partially permeable membrane. | (figurative) Passive absorption or impartation of information, habits, etc.; the process of teaching or learning particular knowledge incidentally rather than consciously.


lexentry: eng/osprey__Noun__1
written_rep: osprey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rybołów | rybołów zwyczajny
sense_list:
A bird of prey of genus Pandion that feeds on fish and has white underparts and long, narrow wings each ending in four finger-like extensions.


lexentry: eng/osseous_tissue__Noun__1
written_rep: osseous tissue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tkanka kostna
sense_list:
(anatomy) The major structural and supportive connective tissue of the body which forms the rigid part of the bone organs that make up the skeletal system.


lexentry: eng/ossify__Verb__1
written_rep: ossify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kostnieć
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To transform (or cause to transform) from a softer animal substance into bone; particularly the processes of growth in humans and animals.


lexentry: eng/ostensible__Adjective__1
written_rep: ostensible
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: formalny
sense_list:
Appearing as such; being such in appearance; professed, supposed (rather than demonstrably true or real).


lexentry: eng/ostensibly__Adverb__1
written_rep: ostensibly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pozornie
sense_list:
(modal) Seemingly, apparently, on the surface; supposedly, according to representations or implications made by someone (especially when their motives are suspected by others).


lexentry: eng/osteoarthritis__Noun__1
written_rep: osteoarthritis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: choroba zwyrodnieniowa stawów
sense_list:
(medicine) A form of arthritis, affecting mainly older people, caused by chronic degeneration of the cartilage and synovial membrane of the joints, leading to pain and stiffness.


lexentry: eng/osteocalcin__Noun__1
written_rep: osteocalcin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osteokalcyna
sense_list:
(organic compound, biochemistry) A protein, found in bone and dentin and manufactured by osteoblasts, that plays a role in mineralization and calcium ion homeostasis.


lexentry: eng/osteomalacia__Noun__1
written_rep: osteomalacia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osteomalacja
sense_list:
(medicine) A softening of adult bones due to inadequate mineralization; the adult equivalent of rickets


lexentry: eng/osteopath__Noun__1
written_rep: osteopath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osteopata
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) A non-physician healthcare practitioner who practices osteopathy by manipulating the skeleton and muscles. Not to be confused with Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) (also known as osteopathic physicians) who are full physicians like Doctors of Medicine (M.D.).


lexentry: eng/osteoporosis__Noun__1
written_rep: osteoporosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osteoporoza
sense_list:
(pathology) A disease, occurring especially in women following menopause, in which the bones become extremely porous and are subject to fracture.


lexentry: eng/osteotomy__Noun__1
written_rep: osteotomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osteotomia
sense_list:
(surgery) The surgical procedure of cutting a bone. This is often performed to either lengthen, shorten, or straighten a bone.


lexentry: eng/ostmark__Noun__1
written_rep: ostmark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: marka
sense_list:
(historical) The currency unit of the former German Democratic Republic (aka GDR, DDR, East Germany) until 1990, abbreviated DDM.


lexentry: eng/ostracism__Noun__1
written_rep: ostracism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostracyzm
sense_list:
(historical) In ancient Athens (and some other cities), the temporary banishment by popular vote of a citizen considered dangerous to the state. [from 16th c.] | Temporary exclusion from a community or society.


lexentry: eng/ostracize__Verb__1
written_rep: ostracize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: chmura
sense_list:
(by extension) To exclude a person from a community or from society by not communicating with them or by refusing to acknowledge their presence; to refuse to associate with or talk to; to shun. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/ostracod__Noun__1
written_rep: ostracod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: małżoraczek
sense_list:
Any of many small crustaceans, of the class Ostracoda, that resemble a shrimp enclosed in a bivalve shell.


lexentry: eng/ostrichism__Noun__1
written_rep: ostrichism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: strusia polityka
sense_list:
(derogatory) A policy of burying one's head in the sand, that is, ignoring the reality of a situation. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/otaku__Noun__1
written_rep: otaku
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otaku
sense_list:
(fandom) One with an obsessive interest in something, particularly (originally, _, pejorative) an obsessive Japanese fan of anime or manga.


lexentry: eng/other_woman__Noun__1
written_rep: other woman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: relacja
sense_list:
(informal) A woman who is romantically involved with someone (usually a man) already in a committed relationship with another woman, especially a woman having an affair with a married man.


lexentry: eng/othering__Noun__1
written_rep: othering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inność
sense_list:
(philosophy, politics) : the process of perceiving or portraying someone or something as essentially alien or different.


lexentry: eng/otherness__Noun__1
written_rep: otherness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being different or distinct. | (countable) The result or product of being different or distinct.


lexentry: eng/others__Noun__2
written_rep: others
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: inne
sense_list:
Those remaining after one or more people or items have left, or done something else, or been excluded.


lexentry: eng/otherworldly__Adjective__1
written_rep: otherworldly
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieziemski
sense_list:
Of, concerned with, or preoccupied with a world different from the tangible world, especially a fantasy, imaginary, or mystical world.


lexentry: eng/otolith__Noun__1
written_rep: otolith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otolit
sense_list:
(zoology) A small particle, composed mainly of calcium carbonate, found in the inner ear of vertebrates, being part of the balance sense.


lexentry: eng/ottava_rima__Noun__1
written_rep: ottava rima
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oktawa
sense_list:
(poetry) An arrangement of stanzas of eight lines in heroic verse, with three rhymes, the first six lines rhyming alternately and the last two forming a couplet (ab ab ab cc).


lexentry: eng/otter__Noun__1
written_rep: otter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wydra
sense_list:
An aquatic or marine carnivorous mammal in the subfamily Lutrinae. | (gay slang) A hairy man with a slender physique, in contrast with a bear, who is more thickset.


lexentry: eng/ottoman__Noun__1
written_rep: ottoman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kanapa
sense_list:
(furniture) An upholstered sofa, without arms or a back, sometimes with a compartment for storing linen etc.


lexentry: eng/ottoman__Noun__1
written_rep: ottoman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: osmański
sense_list:
(textiles) A fabric with a pronounced ribbed or corded effect, often made of silk or a mixture of cotton and silk-like yarns.


lexentry: eng/oud__Noun__1
written_rep: oud
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ud
sense_list:
(musical instrument) A short-necked and fretless plucked stringed instrument of the lute family, of Arab and Turkish origin.


lexentry: eng/ought__Verb__2
written_rep: ought
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powinien
sense_list:
(auxiliary, formal, dated) Indicating duty or obligation. | (auxiliary, formal, dated) Indicating advisability or prudence. | (auxiliary, formal, dated) Indicating desirability. | (auxiliary, formal, dated) Indicating likelihood or probability.


lexentry: eng/our__Determiner__1
written_rep: our
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nasz
sense_list:
Belonging to us, excluding the person(s) being addressed (exclusive our). | Belonging to us, including the person(s) being addressed (inclusive our).


lexentry: eng/ouroboros__Noun__1
written_rep: ouroboros
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uroboros
sense_list:
(mythological creature) A serpent, dragon or worm that eats its own tail, a representation of the continuous cycle of life and death.


lexentry: eng/ours__Pronoun__1
written_rep: ours
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: nasz
sense_list:
(colloquial, may seem patronising) That or those belonging to an individual being addressed; used especially to a person in the speaker's care, or to whom advice or instruction is being given.


lexentry: eng/ourself__Pronoun__1
written_rep: ourself
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nam
sense_list:
(reflexive pronoun) The reflexive of the royal or editorial we: myself (as used by one who is a monarch, writer or speaker when referring to oneself as we).


lexentry: eng/ourselves__Pronoun__1
written_rep: ourselves
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: my
sense_list:
(emphatic) Intensifies the subject as the group including the speaker, especially to indicate that no one else satisfies the predicate or needs to be included.


lexentry: eng/out__Verb__1
written_rep: out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: autować | wyautować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To come or go out; to get out or away; to become public, revealed, or apparent. | (transitive) To reveal (a person or organization) as having a certain secret, such as a being a secret agent or undercover detective.


lexentry: eng/out_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: out of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: z
sense_list:
From the inside to the outside of. [from 5th c.] | Taken from among; expressing a fraction of (a larger number); [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/out_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: out of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bez
sense_list:
Not in (a given state, condition). [from 13th c.] | Not within a given space, area etc. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/out_of_one's_league__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: out of one's league
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: daleko
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a situation in which one is mismatched with one or more others whose accomplishments, preparedness, or other characteristics are on a significantly higher or lower level than one's own.


lexentry: eng/out_of_practice__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: out of practice
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: (wyjść) z wprawy
sense_list:
(of a person) Diminished in proficiency, especially in exercising a skill, due to disuse or a lack of recent experience.


lexentry: eng/out_of_print__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: out of print
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niedostępny
sense_list:
(publishing, music industry) Not available from the publisher (of a printed work, especially a book, or a music release).


lexentry: eng/out_of_reach__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: out of reach
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poza zasięgiem
sense_list:
Outside the distance to which someone can stretch out their hand. | (figuratively) Impossible or too far away.


lexentry: eng/out_of_the_frying_pan,_into_the_fire__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: out of the frying pan, into the fire
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wpadać z deszczu pod rynnę | wpaść z deszczu pod rynnę
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Move or get from an already bad situation to a worse one; end up in a worse situation when trying to escape from a bad or difficult one.


lexentry: eng/out_of_touch__Adjective__1
written_rep: out of touch
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: oderwany od rzeczywistości | odklejony
sense_list:
(idiomatic) No longer conversant with something, especially facts, reality, or the world; not aware or realistic.


lexentry: eng/outback__Noun__1
written_rep: outback
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: busz
sense_list:
(Australia) The most remote and desolate areas of Australia; the desert and areas too arid for growing crops.


lexentry: eng/outbreak__Noun__1
written_rep: outbreak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wybuch
sense_list:
An eruption; the sudden appearance of a rash, disease, etc. | A sudden increase. | (figurative) An outburst or sudden eruption, especially of violence and mischief.


lexentry: eng/outbuilding__Noun__1
written_rep: outbuilding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przybudówka
sense_list:
A building, such as a barn, shed, or garage, that is separate from, but associated with some main building.


lexentry: eng/outcompete__Verb__1
written_rep: outcompete
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wypierać
sense_list:
To be more successful than a competitor; especially to thrive in the presence of an organism that is competing for resources.


lexentry: eng/outdoors__Noun__1
written_rep: outdoors
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: natura | przyroda
sense_list:
(often preceded by the) The natural environment in the open air, countryside away from cities and buildings.


lexentry: eng/outer_ear__Noun__1
written_rep: outer ear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ucho zewnętrzne
sense_list:
(anatomy) The outer portion of the ear which includes the auricle/pinna and the ear canal and leads to the eardrum.


lexentry: eng/outer_planet__Noun__1
written_rep: outer planet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: planeta zewnętrzna
sense_list:
(astronomy) Any planet of the Solar System whose orbit is located beyond the asteroid belt, i.e., any of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune.


lexentry: eng/outgoing__Adjective__1
written_rep: outgoing
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ustępujący
sense_list:
(not comparable) Being replaced in office (while still in office but after election has determined that he/she will be replaced).


lexentry: eng/outgrow__Verb__1
written_rep: outgrow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przerastać | przerosnąć | wyrastać
sense_list:
(transitive, often, figurative) To become too big in size or too mature in age or outlook to continue to want, need, use, experience, or accept some object, practice, condition, belief, etc.


lexentry: eng/outing__Noun__1
written_rep: outing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: outing
sense_list:
The act of publicly revealing that a person is homosexual or transgender without that person's consent.


lexentry: eng/outlook__Noun__1
written_rep: outlook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perspektywa
sense_list:
A place from which something can be viewed. | The view from such a place. | Expectation for the future.


lexentry: eng/outpope_the_Pope__Verb__1
written_rep: outpope the Pope
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: być bardziej papieski od papieża | być świętszy od papieża
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To act as a more authentic member of a group than one who is actually a member of the group.


lexentry: eng/outport__Noun__1
written_rep: outport
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: awanport | przedporcie | przedport
sense_list:
A port city or harbor which is secondary to a main port; it may be a distant one or a nearby auxiliary one.


lexentry: eng/output__Noun__1
written_rep: output
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyjście
sense_list:
(computing) Data sent out of the computer, as to output device such as a monitor or printer, or data sent from one program on the computer to another.


lexentry: eng/output__Verb__1
written_rep: output
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wysyłać
sense_list:
(computing) To send data out of a computer, as to an output device such as a monitor or printer, or to send data from one program on the computer to another.


lexentry: eng/outshine__Verb__1
written_rep: outshine
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opromieniać
sense_list:
To shine brighter than something else | To exceed something or someone else, especially in an obvious or flamboyant manner


lexentry: eng/outside__Adverb__1
written_rep: outside
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na zewnątrz
sense_list:
To or in the outdoors or outside; to or in an area that is beyond the scope, limits, or borders of a given place.


lexentry: eng/outsource__Verb__1
written_rep: outsource
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zlecać na zewnątrz | zlecić na zewnątrz
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, business, management, transitive) To transfer the management or day-to-day execution of a business function to a third-party service provider.


lexentry: eng/outwork__Noun__1
written_rep: outwork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedmurze | przymurek
sense_list:
(architecture, countable) A minor, subsidiary fortification built beyond the main limits of fortification.


lexentry: eng/ovarian_follicle__Noun__1
written_rep: ovarian follicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pęcherzyk jajnikowy
sense_list:
(anatomy) A spherical cellular aggregation found in the ovaries, each of them containing a single oocyte, or an immature ovum.


lexentry: eng/ovary__Noun__1
written_rep: ovary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jajnik
sense_list:
(anatomy) A female reproductive organ, often paired, that produces ova in most animals, and in mammals, secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone.


lexentry: eng/over-the-counter__Adjective__1
written_rep: over-the-counter
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dostępny bez recepty
sense_list:
(pharmacology, of medicine and other treatments) Legal for sale or distribution without the requirement of a prescription.


lexentry: eng/over__Adverb__1
written_rep: over
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: przez noc
sense_list:
See also individual entries for phrasal verbs: go over, hand over, run over, take over, win over, etc.


lexentry: eng/over__Interjection__1
written_rep: over
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odbiór
sense_list:
(procedure word, military) A radio procedure word meaning that the station is finished with its transmission and is expecting a response.


lexentry: eng/over__Preposition__1
written_rep: over
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: przez
sense_list:
In a position of having overcome (a problem or issue); past; finished with; from one state to another via a hindrance that must be solved or defeated; or via a third state that represents a significant difference from the first two. | (mathematics) Divided by.


lexentry: eng/over_a_barrel__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: over a barrel
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w garści
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a disadvantageous or helpless situation, especially one in which one may be controlled or victimized.


lexentry: eng/over_and_out__Interjection__1
written_rep: over and out
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bez odbioru
sense_list:
(procedure word, idiomatic) Used in films and TV to signal the end of a conversation, especially one conducted by CB radio or the like.


lexentry: eng/overadminister__Verb__1
written_rep: overadminister
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeadministrować
sense_list:
To excessively administer, to manage or control too much. | To administer too much, to apply or dole out too much.


lexentry: eng/overage__Noun__1
written_rep: overage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: superata
sense_list:
A surplus of inventory or capacity or of cash that is greater than the amount in the record of an account.


lexentry: eng/overage__Noun__1
written_rep: overage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nadmiar | nadwyżka
sense_list:
Excess; a state of being more than it ought to be. | (property law) Any additional sums payable following the purchase of land, calculated on a prearranged basis, on the occurrence of certain specified events that are deemed to increase the value of that land; usually in the context of the development and further sale of that land.


lexentry: eng/overall__Noun__1
written_rep: overall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kombinezon
sense_list:
(British) A garment worn over other clothing to protect it; a coverall or boiler suit. A garment, for manual labor or for casual wear, often made of a single piece of fabric, with long legs and a bib upper, supported from the shoulders with straps, and having several large pockets and loops for carrying tools.


lexentry: eng/overalls__Noun__1
written_rep: overalls
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ogrodniczki
sense_list:
(US, Canada, Australia) Loose-fitting pants with supporting cross-straps and a panel of material in the chest (called a bib), often associated with farm work.


lexentry: eng/overdo__Verb__1
written_rep: overdo
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przesadzać
sense_list:
(transitive) To give (someone or something) too much work; to require too much effort or strength of (someone); to use up too much of (something).


lexentry: eng/overdrive__Noun__1
written_rep: overdrive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nadbieg
sense_list:
(dated, automotive) A gear, on an automobile, higher than the traditional top gear, mainly to allow better fuel economy at highway speeds. In the 21st century, such gears are no longer viewed as "extra" and thus rarely called by this name.


lexentry: eng/overexpose__Verb__1
written_rep: overexpose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: prześwietlać | prześwietlić
sense_list:
(photography) To expose (film) to light during the development process for a longer time than is required to accurately produce the image.


lexentry: eng/overexposure__Noun__1
written_rep: overexposure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: prześwietlenie
sense_list:
(photography) Exposure of film to light during the development process for a longer time than is required to accurately produce the image.


lexentry: eng/overflow__Verb__1
written_rep: overflow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przelać | przelewać
sense_list:
(transitive) To flow over the brim of (a container). | (intransitive) To flow over the brim of a container.


lexentry: eng/overflow__Verb__1
written_rep: overflow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: przepełniać | przepełnić
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be subject to a load that exceeds limits or capacity. [with with] | (computing, ambitransitive) To (cause to) exceed the available numeric range.


lexentry: eng/overflow_pool__Noun__1
written_rep: overflow pool
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: basen infinity
sense_list:
A type of swimming pool or reflecting pool that has at least one edge over which water overflows, creating a dramatic visual effect.


lexentry: eng/overground__Noun__1
written_rep: overground
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kolej aglomeracyjna | kolej podmiejska
sense_list:
(chiefly, London) A commuter rail or similar rail transport system, or a train in such systems, generally running through an urban area largely above ground and faster than an underground or metro with fewer stops.


lexentry: eng/overhead__Noun__1
written_rep: overhead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: narzut
sense_list:
(computing) Data or steps of computation used only to facilitate the computations in the system and not directly related to the actual program code or data being processed.


lexentry: eng/overhead_press__Noun__1
written_rep: overhead press
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prasa napowietrzna
sense_list:
(weightlifting) An exercise in which weight is lifted with the arms, which are straightened vertically over one's head.


lexentry: eng/overindulgence__Noun__1
written_rep: overindulgence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obżarstwo
sense_list:
An act of overindulging; indulgence in too much; pleasure or consumption taken in excess of what is satisfying or necessary.


lexentry: eng/overkill__Noun__1
written_rep: overkill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przesada
sense_list:
(by extension) An unnecessary excess of whatever is needed to achieve a goal. | (manufacturing) An unnecessary excess of disposal because of too high criteria of inspection.


lexentry: eng/overleaf__Adverb__1
written_rep: overleaf
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na odwrocie
sense_list:
On the other side of a sheet of paper (including a leaf of a book); thus, on the next page when flipping from a recto to the sequential verso.


lexentry: eng/overlearn__Verb__1
written_rep: overlearn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeuczyć się
sense_list:
To learn (something) more than is necessary; to study excessively, to take (something) too much to heart.


lexentry: eng/overload__Verb__1
written_rep: overload
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przeładować
sense_list:
(transitive, object-oriented) To create different functions for the same name, to be used in different contexts.


lexentry: eng/overlord__Noun__1
written_rep: overlord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: suweren | suzeren
sense_list:
(historical) A feudal lord directly owed rent or personal service by a tenant of subinfeudated land, a tenant's liege lord.


lexentry: eng/overnighter__Noun__1
written_rep: overnighter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: noc
sense_list:
Something that serves overnight travel, such as a night train. | (informal) A stay or event that takes place overnight.


lexentry: eng/overpopulation__Noun__1
written_rep: overpopulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeludnienie
sense_list:
(biology, demography) An excessive number of occupants (people, animals, plants, etc.) in a particular area; specifically, when the number of occupants exceeds the ability of that area to provide for them.


lexentry: eng/overrated__Adjective__1
written_rep: overrated
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeceniany | przereklamowany
sense_list:
Given an undue amount of credit for quality or merit in a field; not necessarily related to popularity.


lexentry: eng/override__Verb__1
written_rep: override
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: nadpisać
sense_list:
(object-oriented, transitive) To define a new behaviour of a method by creating the same method of the superclass with the same name and signature.


lexentry: eng/overrule__Verb__1
written_rep: overrule
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wyrzec się
sense_list:
(transitive) To rule or determine in a contrary way; to decide against; to abrogate or alter. | (transitive, legal) To dismiss or throw out (a protest or objection) at a court.


lexentry: eng/oversleep__Verb__1
written_rep: oversleep
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaspać | zasypiać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To sleep for longer than intended. [from 14th c.] | (reflexive, now, rare) To sleep for longer than one intended. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/overstep__Verb__1
written_rep: overstep
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przekroczyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To go too far beyond (a limit); especially, to cross boundaries or exceed norms or conventions.


lexentry: eng/overtime__Noun__1
written_rep: overtime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dogrywka
sense_list:
(sports, countable, US) An extra period of play when a contest has a tie score at the end of regulation.


lexentry: eng/overtone__Noun__1
written_rep: overtone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alikwot
sense_list:
(physics, music) A tone whose frequency is an integer multiple of another; a member of the harmonic series. [from 1867]


lexentry: eng/overtone__Noun__1
written_rep: overtone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: podtekst | wydźwięk
sense_list:
(figuratively, often, in plural) An implicit message (in a film, book, verbal discussion, or similar) perceived as overwhelming the explicit message. [from 1890] | An implicit message (in a film, book, verbal discussion, or similar) perceived subtly alongside, but not overwhelming, the explicit message.


lexentry: eng/overtone_singing__Noun__1
written_rep: overtone singing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: śpiew alikwotowy
sense_list:
(music) A type of singing in which the individual singer manipulates the resonances of the voice to produce notes independent of the fundamental frequency


lexentry: eng/overtranslate__Verb__1
written_rep: overtranslate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przesadnie przetłumaczyć | przesadnie tłumaczyć
sense_list:
To translate (language) in too much detail, or including the translation of things that should be left as they are.


lexentry: eng/overtreat__Verb__1
written_rep: overtreat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: leczyć nadmiernie
sense_list:
(medicine, transitive) To subject to excessive medical treatment, often to such an extent as to cause adverse effects.


lexentry: eng/overture__Noun__1
written_rep: overture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: uwertura
sense_list:
(music) A musical introduction to a longer piece of music or a dramatic work (such as a play, an opera, or a motion picture). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/overturn__Verb__1
written_rep: overturn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obalić
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To turn over, capsize or upset. | (legal, transitive) To reverse (a decision); to overrule or rescind.


lexentry: eng/overweight__Adjective__1
written_rep: overweight
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przeciążony
sense_list:
(transportation, legal, of a vehicle) Weighing more than what is allowed for safety or legal commerce.


lexentry: eng/overwinter__Verb__1
written_rep: overwinter
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zimować
sense_list:
(transitive) To keep or preserve for the winter. | (intransitive) To spend the winter (in a particular place).


lexentry: eng/oviduct__Noun__1
written_rep: oviduct
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jajowód
sense_list:
(anatomy, typically used in, _, zoology) A duct through which an ovum passes from an ovary to the uterus or to the exterior.


lexentry: eng/ovine__Adjective__1
written_rep: ovine
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: owczy
sense_list:
(comparable) Of, being, pertaining to, or resembling a sheep; also, (not comparable) of an animal: from the genus Ovis.


lexentry: eng/ovine__Noun__1
written_rep: ovine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: owca
sense_list:
An animal from the genus Ovis; a sheep. | (figurative) A person regarded as resembling a sheep in character; one who is acquiescent, easily influenced, passive, or willing to follow a leader blindly; a sheep.


lexentry: eng/ovule__Noun__1
written_rep: ovule
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jajo
sense_list:
(botany) The structure in a plant that develops into a seed after fertilization; the megasporangium of a seed plant with its enclosing integuments. | (zoology) An immature ovum in mammals.


lexentry: eng/owe__Verb__1
written_rep: owe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: być zobowiązany | zawdzięczać
sense_list:
(ditransitive) To be under an obligation to give something back to someone or to perform some action for someone.


lexentry: eng/owe_it_to_oneself__Verb__1
written_rep: owe it to oneself
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zarabiać
sense_list:
For it to be necessary for one (to do something) in order to advance one's one interests; to deserve.


lexentry: eng/owl__Noun__1
written_rep: owl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sowa
sense_list:
Any of various birds of prey of the order Strigiformes, families Strigidae and Tytonidae, that are primarily nocturnal and have forward-looking, binocular vision, limited eye movement, and good hearing. [from 8th c.]


lexentry: eng/own__Adjective__1
written_rep: own
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: własny | swój
sense_list:
Belonging to; possessed; acquired; proper to; property of; titled to; held in one's name; under/using the name of. Often marks a possessive determiner as reflexive, referring back to the subject of the clause or sentence.


lexentry: eng/own__Verb__1
written_rep: own
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: posiadać | mieć
sense_list:
(transitive) To have rightful possession of (property, goods or capital); to have legal title to; to acquire a property or asset.


lexentry: eng/own_goal__Noun__1
written_rep: own goal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bramka samobójcza | gol samobójczy | samobój
sense_list:
(sports) A goal that results from a player putting the ball or puck into the goal of their own team; the resulting goal being scored for the opposition.


lexentry: eng/oxalic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: oxalic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas szczawiowy
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) A colourless, crystalline dicarboxylic acid, (COOH)2, found in rhubarb, spinach and other plants, often as crystals of the calcium salt.


lexentry: eng/oxbow_lake__Noun__1
written_rep: oxbow lake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jezioro przyrzeczne | starorzecze
sense_list:
A crescent-shaped lake formed near a flat-valleyed river when one of its meanders becomes pinched off and isolated.


lexentry: eng/oxidation__Noun__1
written_rep: oxidation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: utlenianie | utlenienie
sense_list:
(chemistry) A reaction in which the atoms of an element lose electrons and the oxidation state of the element increases.


lexentry: eng/oxidize__Verb__1
written_rep: oxidize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: utleniać | utlenić
sense_list:
(chemistry, transitive) To combine with oxygen or otherwise make an oxide. | (chemistry) To increase the valence (or the positive charge) of an element by removing electrons.


lexentry: eng/oxidizing_agent__Noun__1
written_rep: oxidizing agent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: utleniacz
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any substance that oxidizes, or receives electrons from, another; in so doing, it becomes reduced.


lexentry: eng/oxlip__Noun__1
written_rep: oxlip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pierwiosnek wyniosły | pierwiosnka wyniosła
sense_list:
A plant of species Primula elatior, similar to cowslip (Primula veris) but with larger, pale yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/oxpecker__Noun__1
written_rep: oxpecker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bąkojad
sense_list:
Either of two species of passerine bird in the genus Buphagus, endemic to the sub-Saharan African savanna.


lexentry: eng/oxtail__Noun__1
written_rep: oxtail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ogon wołowy
sense_list:
A cut of meat taken from the tail of a cow or calf; it requires long, slow braising, and is used to prepare oxtail soup.


lexentry: eng/oxygen__Noun__1
written_rep: oxygen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tlen
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol O) with an atomic number of 8 and relative atomic mass of 15.9994. It is a colorless and odorless gas. | Molecular oxygen (O2), a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature, also called dioxygen.


lexentry: eng/oxygen_bar__Noun__1
written_rep: oxygen bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bar tlenowy
sense_list:
A nightclub or similar venue in which patrons pay to inhale doses of gas containing concentrations of oxygen higher than in air.


lexentry: eng/oxygen_catastrophe__Noun__1
written_rep: oxygen catastrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: katastrofa tlenowa
sense_list:
(biology) An event during the oxygenation event of Earth's past, where the level of free oxygen in the environment exceeds the tolerance levels of most extant anaerobic life.


lexentry: eng/oxygen_tent__Noun__1
written_rep: oxygen tent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: namiot tlenowy
sense_list:
(medicine) A canopy for the head and shoulders, or a similar enclosure for the whole body, within which air having a higher than normal supply of oxygen can be administered to a patient.


lexentry: eng/oxymoron__Noun__1
written_rep: oxymoron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oksymoron | antylogia
sense_list:
(rhetoric) A figure of speech in which two words or phrases with opposing meanings are used together intentionally for effect.


lexentry: eng/oxytocin__Noun__1
written_rep: oxytocin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oksytocyna
sense_list:
(hormone) A hormone that stimulates contractions during labor, and then the production of milk; also plays a role in social bonding.


lexentry: eng/oyster__Noun__1
written_rep: oyster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostryga | ostra
sense_list:
Any of certain marine bivalve mollusks, especially those of the family Ostreidae (the true oysters), usually found adhering to rocks or other fixed objects in shallow water along the seacoasts, or in brackish water in the mouth of rivers. | (colloquial, by analogy) A person who keeps secrets.


lexentry: eng/oyster__Noun__1
written_rep: oyster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ostryga
sense_list:
The delicate oyster-shaped morsel of dark meat contained in a small cavity of the bone on each side of the lower part of the back of a fowl. | A pale beige color tinted with grey or pink, like that of an oyster. | (figurative) Something at one's disposal. | (UK, slang) A shoplifter. | (UK, slang) Ellipsis of Oyster card.


lexentry: eng/oyster_mushroom__Noun__1
written_rep: oyster mushroom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: boczniak ostrygowaty
sense_list:
(US) The mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, which in the wild grows chiefly on hardwood trees, and is cultivated for food.


lexentry: eng/oyster_plant__Noun__1
written_rep: oyster plant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: kozibród porolistny | salsefia
sense_list:
Tragopogon porrifolius (common salsify, vegetable oyster, purple salsify, Jerusalem star), cultivated for its light-skinned edible root


lexentry: eng/oyster_plant__Noun__1
written_rep: oyster plant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: reo meksykańskie
sense_list:
Tradescantia spathacea (formerly Tradescantia discolor) (oyster herb, boatlily, Moses in a basket, cradle lily, Moses in his cradle, Moses on a raft, Moses in the bulrushes, men in a boat, Moses-in-cradle, salsify)


lexentry: eng/oystercatcher__Noun__1
written_rep: oystercatcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ostrygojad
sense_list:
Any of several black or pied coastal wading birds in the genus Haematopus that have a long red or orange bill and feed on shellfish.


lexentry: eng/ozone__Noun__1
written_rep: ozone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ozon
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) An allotrope of oxygen (symbol O₃) having three atoms in the molecule instead of the usual two; it is a toxic gas, generated from oxygen by electrical discharge. | (Britain, informal) Fresh air, especially that breathed at the seaside and smelling of seaweed.


lexentry: eng/ozone_hole__Noun__1
written_rep: ozone hole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziura ozonowa
sense_list:
A region of the stratosphere over Antarctica (and a smaller one over the Arctic) that is depleted of ozone in the local spring.


lexentry: eng/ozone_layer__Noun__1
written_rep: ozone layer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ozonosfera | warstwa ozonowa
sense_list:
A region of the stratosphere, between 15 and 30 kilometres in altitude, containing a relatively high concentration of ozone, which absorbs most solar ultraviolet radiation.


lexentry: eng/ozonosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: ozonosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ozonosfera
sense_list:
A layer in part of the stratosphere that has a larger than normal concentration of ozone; the ozone layer.


lexentry: eng/p-adic_number__Noun__1
written_rep: p-adic number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: [[liczba p-adyczna|liczba p-adyczna]]
sense_list:
(number theory) An element of a completion of the field of rational numbers with respect to a p-adic ultrametric.


lexentry: eng/p.m.__Adverb__1
written_rep: p.m.
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: popołudnie
sense_list:
(used after the hour) In the 12-hour period from noon to midnight (the latter half of the day) when using the 12-hour clock.


lexentry: eng/paca__Noun__1
written_rep: paca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paka
sense_list:
Any of the large rodents of the genus Cuniculus (but see also its synonyms), native to Central America and South America, which have dark brown or black fur, a white or yellowish underbelly and rows of white spots along the sides.


lexentry: eng/pacarana__Noun__1
written_rep: pacarana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pakarana
sense_list:
A large, rare, slow-moving rodent, Dinomys branickii, with a thick, furry tail, native to South America, the second-largest rodent after the capybara.


lexentry: eng/pace_egg__Noun__1
written_rep: pace egg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pisanka
sense_list:
A hard-boiled coloured egg traditionally made at Easter, often given to relatives and friends as a token of goodwill. It was traditional to jarp with the eggs before eating them.


lexentry: eng/pacemaker__Noun__1
written_rep: pacemaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rozrusznik serca | rozrusznik
sense_list:
(hence, medicine) A medical implement that is used to stimulate a heart to beat by simulating the action of the natural pacemaker.


lexentry: eng/pachyderm__Noun__1
written_rep: pachyderm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwierzę gruboskórne
sense_list:
(obsolete, zoology) A member of the obsolete taxonomic order Pachydermata, grouping of thick-skinned, hoofed animals such as the rhinoceros, hippopotamus, elephant and tapir.


lexentry: eng/pachyderm__Noun__1
written_rep: pachyderm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: osoba z grubą skórą
sense_list:
(figurative) A person with thick skin; someone who is not affected by or does not care what others say about them.


lexentry: eng/pacifier__Noun__1
written_rep: pacifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: smoczek
sense_list:
(North America) A rubber or plastic device imitating a nipple that goes into a baby’s mouth, used to calm and quiet the baby. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pacifism__Noun__1
written_rep: pacifism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pacyfizm
sense_list:
The conviction that it is morally wrong to settle disputes (especially between countries) by war or other violent means. [from c. 1900]


lexentry: eng/pack__Noun__1
written_rep: pack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paczka | pakiet
sense_list:
A bundle made up and prepared to be carried; especially, a bundle to be carried on the back, but also a load for an animal, a bale.


lexentry: eng/pack__Verb__1
written_rep: pack
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pakować | spakować | zapakować | zapakowywać
sense_list:
(physical) To put or bring things together in a limited or confined space, especially for storage or transport.


lexentry: eng/pack_up__Verb__1
written_rep: pack up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: zapakowywać
sense_list:
(of things) To put into bags to prepare to move. | (informal, of a machine) To break, to cease to function.


lexentry: eng/package__Noun__1
written_rep: package
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: paczka | pakiet
sense_list:
(software) A piece of software which has been prepared in such a way that it can be installed with a package manager.


lexentry: eng/package_holiday__Noun__1
written_rep: package holiday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: impreza turystyczna
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) A holiday that consists of transport and accommodation advertised and sold together by a vendor known as a tour operator.


lexentry: eng/packed_lunch__Noun__1
written_rep: packed lunch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: suchy prowiant
sense_list:
A meal, sandwiches or anything packed and intended to be eaten away from home; especially, one packed at home as opposed to a portable packaged lunch from a vendor.


lexentry: eng/packet__Noun__1
written_rep: packet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: pakiet
sense_list:
(networking) A small fragment of data as transmitted on some types of network, notably Ethernet networks (Wikipedia).


lexentry: eng/packshot__Noun__1
written_rep: packshot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: packshot
sense_list:
(advertising) A still or moving close-up of a (usually packaged) product, used to portray the product in advertising.


lexentry: eng/pacu__Noun__1
written_rep: pacu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paku
sense_list:
Any of certain freshwater fish of the family Serrasalmidae, endemic to South America; they are characterised by squarish, human-like teeth and a mainly herbivorous diet.


lexentry: eng/pad__Noun__1
written_rep: pad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: blok
sense_list:
A kind of cushion for writing upon, or for blotting, especially one formed of many flat sheets of writing paper; now especially such a block of paper sheets as used to write on.


lexentry: eng/padded_envelope__Noun__1
written_rep: padded envelope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koperta bąbelkowa
sense_list:
A large thick envelope, now usually coated with foam or bubblewrap, used to protect fragile items in the mail.


lexentry: eng/paddle__Noun__1
written_rep: paddle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiosło
sense_list:
A two-handed implement consisting of a shaft with one or two blades attached to the end(s) used to propel a canoe, kayak or a small boat. A paddle is unattached to the boat and freely operated with the hands, compared with an oar which is attached to the boat at a pivot point.


lexentry: eng/paddle_wheel__Noun__1
written_rep: paddle wheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: napęd kołowy
sense_list:
(nautical) A large wheel, fitted with paddles, used to propel a vessel (especially a paddle steamer)


lexentry: eng/paddlefish__Noun__1
written_rep: paddlefish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiosłonos
sense_list:
Any of several primitive fish, of the family Polyodontidae, that have a long snout shaped like a paddle.


lexentry: eng/paddock__Noun__1
written_rep: paddock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zagroda
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) A small enclosure or field of grassland, especially one used to exercise or graze horses or other animals.


lexentry: eng/paddock__Noun__1
written_rep: paddock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pastwisko
sense_list:
(Australia, New Zealand) A field of grassland of any size, either enclosed by fences or delimited by geographical boundaries, especially a large area for keeping cattle or sheep.


lexentry: eng/paddy__Noun__1
written_rep: paddy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ryżowe pole
sense_list:
(countable) A paddy field, a rice paddy; an irrigated or flooded field where rice is grown. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pagan__Noun__1
written_rep: pagan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poganin | poganka
sense_list:
A person not adhering to a main world religion; a follower of a pantheistic or nature-worshipping religion.


lexentry: eng/page-turner__Noun__1
written_rep: page-turner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czytadło | wciągająca książka
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A highly interesting or suspenseful written work that one is compelled to read very rapidly.


lexentry: eng/page__Noun__1
written_rep: page
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strona | stronica
sense_list:
One of the many pieces of paper bound together within a book or similar document. | (computing) A screenful of text and possibly other content; especially, the digital simulation of one side of a paper leaf.


lexentry: eng/page__Noun__1
written_rep: page
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: strona
sense_list:
(figurative) A collective memory; noteworthy event; memorable episode. | (computing) A block of contiguous memory of a fixed length.


lexentry: eng/page__Noun__2
written_rep: page
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paź
sense_list:
(historical) A serving boy; a youth attending a person of high degree, especially at courts, often as a position of honor and education.


lexentry: eng/pageant__Noun__1
written_rep: pageant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parada | pokaz | widowisko
sense_list:
An elaborate public display, especially a parade in historical or traditional costume. | A spectacular ceremony.


lexentry: eng/pageboy__Noun__1
written_rep: pageboy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paź
sense_list:
(now, frequently, historical) A boy who serves as a page. [from 19th c.] | A shoulder-length hairstyle with the ends of the hair curled under. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pagination__Noun__1
written_rep: pagination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paginacja
sense_list:
The act of creating pages for a document, book, etc., or determining when to truncate text on the pages.


lexentry: eng/pagoda__Noun__1
written_rep: pagoda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pagoda
sense_list:
A religious building in South and Southeast Asia, especially a multi-storey tower erected as a Hindu or Buddhist temple. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pain__Noun__1
written_rep: pain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ból
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) An ache or bodily suffering, or an instance of this; an unpleasant sensation, resulting from a derangement of functions, disease, or injury by violence; hurt.


lexentry: eng/pain__Noun__1
written_rep: pain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: boleść
sense_list:
(uncountable) The condition or fact of suffering or anguish especially mental, as opposed to pleasure; torment; distress


lexentry: eng/painful__Adjective__1
written_rep: painful
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bolesny
sense_list:
Causing pain or distress, either physical or mental. [from 14th c.] | Afflicted or suffering with pain (of a body part or, formerly, of a person). [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/paint__Noun__1
written_rep: paint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: farbki
sense_list:
(in the plural) A set of containers or blocks of paint of different colors/colours, used for painting pictures.


lexentry: eng/paint__Verb__1
written_rep: paint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: malować | pomalować
sense_list:
(transitive) To apply paint to. | (transitive) To apply in the manner that paint is applied. | (transitive, medicine) To apply with a brush in order to treat some body part.


lexentry: eng/painter's_tape__Noun__1
written_rep: painter's tape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: taśma malarska | taśma maskująca
sense_list:
masking tape specifically intended to protect areas from paint, having a weaker adhesive than regular masking tape


lexentry: eng/pair_of_compasses__Noun__1
written_rep: pair of compasses
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cyrkiel
sense_list:
A tool for drawing accurate circles or circular arcs, or for measuring or transferring lengths, usually consisting of two arms joined with an adjustable hinge at one end; until the middle ages both arms always had metal points at their free ends (this version is now called a divider or pair of dividers), but in recent centuries for a device called a compass or pair of compasses, one arm typically holds a ruling pen, pencil, or some other implement for making marks.


lexentry: eng/pajamas__Noun__1
written_rep: pajamas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piżama | pidżama
sense_list:
Clothes for wearing to bed and sleeping in, usually consisting of a loose-fitting shirt and pants/trousers.


lexentry: eng/palaestra__Noun__1
written_rep: palaestra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palestra
sense_list:
(historical) A public area in ancient Greece and Rome dedicated to the teaching and practice of wrestling and other sports; a wrestling school, a gymnasium. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/palanquin__Noun__1
written_rep: palanquin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: palankin
sense_list:
(loosely) Synonym of litter, any similar vehicle open or closed, human or animal-borne, particularly (historical) in colonial Asian contexts.


lexentry: eng/palatalization__Noun__1
written_rep: palatalization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palatalizacja | zmiękczenie
sense_list:
(phonology, uncountable) The state or quality of being palatalized, of pronouncing a sound with the tongue against the palate of the mouth that normally is not. | (phonology, countable) An instance of pronunciation in which a sound is palatalized.


lexentry: eng/palatalize__Verb__1
written_rep: palatalize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palatalizować
sense_list:
(phonetics, transitive) To pronounce a sound with the tongue against the palate of the mouth when that sound normally would not be so pronounced.


lexentry: eng/palate__Noun__1
written_rep: palate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podniebienie
sense_list:
(anatomy) The roof of the mouth, separating the cavities of the mouth and nose in vertebrates. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/palatine_bone__Noun__1
written_rep: palatine bone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kość podniebienna
sense_list:
(skeleton) Either of a pair of bones that are situated behind and between the maxillae, in humans are of extremely irregular form, and make up parts of the eye socket, the nasal cavity, and the hard palate.


lexentry: eng/palatine_tonsil__Noun__1
written_rep: palatine tonsil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: migdałek
sense_list:
(anatomy) One of the two tonsils that can be seen on the left and right sides at the back of the throat.


lexentry: eng/pale__Adjective__1
written_rep: pale
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: blady | biały
sense_list:
Light in color. | (of human skin) Having a pallor (a light color, especially due to sickness, shock, fright etc.).


lexentry: eng/pale__Verb__1
written_rep: pale
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: blednąć | zblednąć | blaknąć | wyblaknąć | zblaknąć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To turn pale; to lose colour. | (transitive) To make pale; to diminish the brightness of.


lexentry: eng/paleface__Noun__1
written_rep: paleface
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: blada twarz
sense_list:
(ethnic slur, offensive, derogatory) A white person, a person of European descent, particularly in Native American contexts.


lexentry: eng/paleobotany__Noun__1
written_rep: paleobotany
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paleobotanika
sense_list:
The branch of paleontology that deals with the study of plant fossils. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/paleontology__Noun__1
written_rep: paleontology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paleontologia
sense_list:
(American spelling) The study of the forms of life existing in prehistoric or geologic times, especially as represented by fossils.


lexentry: eng/palette__Noun__1
written_rep: palette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paleta
sense_list:
(painting) A thin board on which a painter lays and mixes colours. | The range of colors in a given work or item or body of work.


lexentry: eng/palilalia__Noun__1
written_rep: palilalia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palilalia
sense_list:
(clinical psychology) A complex tic comprising the repetition or echoing of one's own spoken words, which may sound like stuttering.


lexentry: eng/palimpsest__Noun__1
written_rep: palimpsest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palimpsest
sense_list:
A manuscript or document that has been erased or scraped clean, for reuse of the paper, parchment, vellum, or other medium on which it was written.


lexentry: eng/palindrome__Noun__1
written_rep: palindrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palindrom
sense_list:
A word, phrase, number or any other sequence of units which has the property of reading the same forwards as it does backwards, character for character, sometimes disregarding punctuation, capitalization and diacritics.


lexentry: eng/palinode__Noun__1
written_rep: palinode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palinodia
sense_list:
An ode or other poem in which the author retracts something said in an earlier poem; (loosely) a recantation. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pall__Noun__1
written_rep: pall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rosocha
sense_list:
(heraldic charge) A charge representing an archbishop's pallium, having the form of the letter Y, sometimes charged with crosses.


lexentry: eng/pallet__Noun__1
written_rep: pallet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: paleta
sense_list:
A portable platform, usually designed to be easily moved by a forklift, on which goods can be stacked, for transport or storage.


lexentry: eng/pallet_jack__Noun__1
written_rep: pallet jack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paleciak | wózek ręczny paletowy unoszący
sense_list:
A manually operated device used to lift and move pallets chiefly within a warehouse; the most basic form of a forklift.


lexentry: eng/palliate__Verb__1
written_rep: palliate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przykrywać | przykryć
sense_list:
To cover or disguise the seriousness of (a mistake, offence etc.) by excuses and apologies. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/palliative__Adjective__1
written_rep: palliative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: paliatywny
sense_list:
(medicine) Minimising the progression of a disease and relieving undesirable symptoms for as long as possible, rather than attempting to cure the (usually incurable) disease.


lexentry: eng/pallisander__Noun__1
written_rep: pallisander
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palisander
sense_list:
a dense, heavy wood, similar to teak or mahogany, mostly from species of Dalbergia and Pterocarpus, as well as Machaerium


lexentry: eng/pallium__Noun__1
written_rep: pallium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paliusz
sense_list:
(historical) A large cloak worn by Greek philosophers and teachers. [from 10th c.] | (Christianity) A woolen liturgical vestment resembling a collar and worn over the chasuble in the Western Christian liturgical tradition, conferred on archbishops by the Pope, equivalent to the Eastern Christian omophorion. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/palm__Noun__2
written_rep: palm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dłoń
sense_list:
The inner and somewhat concave part of the human hand or other primate hand that extends from the wrist to the bases of the fingers.


lexentry: eng/palm_card__Noun__1
written_rep: palm card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fiszka
sense_list:
A small card listing items to be discussed in a speech or presentation, usually in bullet point form, to assist the speaker.


lexentry: eng/palm_cockatoo__Noun__1
written_rep: palm cockatoo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żałobnica palmowa
sense_list:
Probosciger aterrimus, a large smoky-grey or black parrot of the cockatoo family native to New Guinea and far north Queensland, Australia, with a large black beak and prominent red cheek patches.


lexentry: eng/palm_off__Verb__1
written_rep: palm off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opylać | wciskać
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To sell or dispose of (something) with the intent to deceive; to attempt to pass off a counterfeit or inferior product as genuine.


lexentry: eng/palm_oil__Noun__1
written_rep: palm oil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: olej palmowy
sense_list:
An edible plant oil derived from the mesocarp (reddish pulp) of the fruit of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis).


lexentry: eng/palm_tree__Noun__1
written_rep: palm tree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palma
sense_list:
A tree of the family Arecaceae usually characterised by having a single stem or trunk, directly from which sprout several leaves or fronds giving a shape like an outstretched hand.


lexentry: eng/palmer__Noun__1
written_rep: palmer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pielgrzym
sense_list:
(now, historical) A pilgrim who had been to the Holy Land and who brought back a palm branch in signification; a wandering religious votary.


lexentry: eng/palmitic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: palmitic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas palmitynowy
sense_list:
(fatty acid) One of the most common saturated fatty acids; it is found in all animal and most vegetable oils and fats; it is used in the manufacture of soap etc.


lexentry: eng/palmitoleic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: palmitoleic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas oleopalmitynowy | kwas palmitooleinowy
sense_list:
(fatty acid) An unsaturated fatty acid, having 16 carbon atoms and one double bond, found in the adipose tissue of all animals.


lexentry: eng/palpate__Verb__1
written_rep: palpate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: macać
sense_list:
To examine or otherwise explore through touch, particularly (medical) in reference to an area or organ of the human body.


lexentry: eng/palpitation__Noun__1
written_rep: palpitation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palpitacja
sense_list:
An abnormal beating of the heart that may be perceived by the patient, a result of excitement, exertion, or illness.


lexentry: eng/palsa__Noun__1
written_rep: palsa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bugier mrozowy | bugor | palsa
sense_list:
(geomorphology) A hummock rising out of a bog with a core of ice; similar in appearance to a pingo but due to different structure palsas cannot grow as big as pingos.


lexentry: eng/palsy__Noun__1
written_rep: palsy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paraliż | porażenie | bezwład
sense_list:
(pathology) Complete or partial muscle paralysis of a body part, often accompanied by a loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements such as shaking.


lexentry: eng/palynology__Noun__1
written_rep: palynology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palinologia
sense_list:
(science) The scientific study of spores, pollen and particulate organic matter in various matrices including the air (pollen counts), crime scenes, and sedimentary rocks.


lexentry: eng/pamphlet__Noun__1
written_rep: pamphlet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pamflet
sense_list:
A small, brief printed work, consisting either of a folded sheet of paper, or several sheets bound together into a booklet with only a paper cover, formerly containing literary compositions, newsletters, and newspapers, but now chiefly informational matter.


lexentry: eng/pan_and_scan__Noun__1
written_rep: pan and scan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pan and scan
sense_list:
(uncountable, film) The method or practice of adjusting widescreen film images, especially 2.35:1 or 2.39:1 aspect ratio, so that they can be shown within the proportions of a 1.33:1 or 1.78:1 aspect ratio television screen, by cropping off sides of the original widescreen image, as opposed to letterboxing.


lexentry: eng/panacea__Noun__1
written_rep: panacea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panaceum
sense_list:
A remedy believed to cure all disease and prolong life that was originally sought by alchemists; a cure-all. | A solution to all problems.


lexentry: eng/pancake__Noun__1
written_rep: pancake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: naleśnik
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) A thin batter cake fried in a pan or on a griddle in oil or butter; in particular:


lexentry: eng/pancreas__Noun__1
written_rep: pancreas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trzustka
sense_list:
(anatomy) A gland near the stomach which secretes a fluid into the duodenum to assist with food digestion.


lexentry: eng/panda__Noun__1
written_rep: panda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: panda
sense_list:
(colloquial, also, attributively) Ellipsis of giant panda (“Ailuropoda melanoleuca”). [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/panda__Noun__2
written_rep: panda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pandit
sense_list:
(Hinduism) A brahmin who acts as the hereditary superintendent of a particular ghat or temple, and is regarded as knowledgeable in matters of genealogy and ritual. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pandeiro__Noun__1
written_rep: pandeiro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pandeiro
sense_list:
A type of hand-held frame drum with a round wooden frame and six pairs of metal discs fit along the sides, and an animal skin or nylon head; similar to a tambourine but with head tension that can be tuned and crisper, drier, and less sustained jingles, used in a number of Brazilian music forms.


lexentry: eng/pandeism__Noun__1
written_rep: pandeism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pandeizm
sense_list:
(religion) A belief in a god who is both pantheistic and deistic, in particular a god who designed the universe and then became it and ceased to exist separately and act consciously with respect to it.


lexentry: eng/pandemic__Adjective__1
written_rep: pandemic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pandemiczny
sense_list:
(epidemiology) Of a disease: epidemic over a wide geographical area and affecting a large proportion of the population; also, of or pertaining to a disease of this nature.


lexentry: eng/pandemic__Noun__1
written_rep: pandemic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pandemia
sense_list:
(epidemiology) A pandemic disease; a disease that affects a wide geographical area and a large proportion of the population.


lexentry: eng/pandemonium__Noun__1
written_rep: pandemonium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pandemonium
sense_list:
A loud, wild, tumultuous protest, disorder, or chaotic situation, usually of a crowd, often violent.


lexentry: eng/panel__Noun__1
written_rep: panel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: panel
sense_list:
A group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc. as on a television or radio broadcast for example.


lexentry: eng/panelling__Noun__1
written_rep: panelling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykładzina
sense_list:
(British spelling) The panels with which a surface (especially an indoor wall) is covered, considered collectively.


lexentry: eng/panentheism__Noun__1
written_rep: panentheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panenteizm
sense_list:
(philosophy, religion) A doctrine that the universe subsists within God, but that God nevertheless transcends or has some existence separate from the universe.


lexentry: eng/panforte__Noun__1
written_rep: panforte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panforte | piernik seneński
sense_list:
A dense flat cake, a speciality of Siena, made with honey, hazelnuts, almonds, candied fruit, cocoa and spices.


lexentry: eng/pang__Noun__1
written_rep: pang
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skurcz
sense_list:
(often, in the plural) A paroxysm of extreme physical pain or anguish; a feeling of sudden and transitory agony; a throe.


lexentry: eng/pang__Noun__1
written_rep: pang
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ukłucie
sense_list:
(often, in the plural) A sudden sharp feeling of an emotional or mental nature, as of joy or sorrow.


lexentry: eng/pang_of_conscience__Noun__1
written_rep: pang of conscience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyrzuty sumienia
sense_list:
(often, in the plural) A feeling of shame, guilt, or embarrassment, resulting from behavior which one regrets.


lexentry: eng/panga__Noun__2
written_rep: panga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panga
sense_list:
Any of various edible freshwater fish of the genus Pangasius, native to southeast Asia, especially an iridescent shark, Pangasius hypophthalmus, now reclassified as Pangasianodon hypophthalmus.


lexentry: eng/pangasius__Noun__1
written_rep: pangasius
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panga
sense_list:
Any of various edible freshwater fish of the genus Pangasius, native to southeast Asia, especially the iridescent shark, Pangasius hypophthalmus.


lexentry: eng/pangolin__Noun__1
written_rep: pangolin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łuskowiec
sense_list:
Any of several long-tailed, scale-covered mammals of the family Manidae within the order Pholidota of tropical Africa and Asia.


lexentry: eng/panhandle__Verb__1
written_rep: panhandle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żebrać
sense_list:
(intransitive, US) To beg for money, especially with a container in hand for receiving loose change, especially on the street, and particularly, as a homeless or vagrant person.


lexentry: eng/panhandler__Noun__1
written_rep: panhandler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żebrak
sense_list:
One who panhandles; an urban beggar who typically stands on a street with an outstretched container in hand, begging for loose change or money.


lexentry: eng/panic__Noun__1
written_rep: panic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panika
sense_list:
(uncountable) Overwhelming fear or fright, often affecting groups of people or animals; (countable) an instance of this; a fright, a scare.


lexentry: eng/panic_attack__Noun__1
written_rep: panic attack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atak paniki
sense_list:
A sudden period of intense anxiety, mounting physiological arousal, fear, stomach problems and discomfort that are associated with a variety of somatic and cognitive symptoms.


lexentry: eng/panna_cotta__Noun__1
written_rep: panna cotta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panna cotta
sense_list:
A northern Italian dessert consisting of flavoured double cream set with gelatine, often served with fruit sauce or caramel syrup.


lexentry: eng/pannier__Noun__1
written_rep: pannier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sakwa
sense_list:
A large basket or bag fastened, usually in pairs, to the back of a bicycle or pack animal, or carried in pairs over the shoulders.


lexentry: eng/pannier__Noun__1
written_rep: pannier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rogówka
sense_list:
(historical, fashion) One of a pair of hoops used to expand the volume of a woman's skirt to either side.


lexentry: eng/panopticon__Noun__1
written_rep: panopticon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: panoptikon
sense_list:
A type of prison where all the cells are visible from the center, particularly if it is not possible for those in a cell to know if they are being watched.


lexentry: eng/panpipes__Noun__1
written_rep: panpipes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fletnia Pana
sense_list:
(musical instrument) An instrument consisting of a series of ten or more tubes of different lengths, typically closed at the bottom and open at the top, and is played by blowing across the open end at the top.


lexentry: eng/pansexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: pansexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panseksualizm
sense_list:
A sexual orientation characterized by the potential for aesthetic attraction, romantic love and/or sexual desire for people regardless of their gender or sex.


lexentry: eng/panspermia__Noun__1
written_rep: panspermia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panspermia
sense_list:
(biology) The hypothesis that microorganisms may transmit life from outer space to habitable bodies; or the process of such transmission.


lexentry: eng/pant__Verb__1
written_rep: pant
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dyszeć | sapać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To breathe quickly or in a labored manner, as after exertion or from eagerness or excitement; to respire with heaving of the breast; to gasp.


lexentry: eng/pantaloons__Noun__1
written_rep: pantaloons
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spodnie
sense_list:
An article of clothing covering each leg separately, that covers the area from the waist to the ankle.


lexentry: eng/pantheism__Noun__1
written_rep: pantheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panteizm
sense_list:
(religion) The belief that the Universe is in some sense divine and should be revered. Pantheism identifies the universe with God but denies any personality or transcendence of such a God.


lexentry: eng/pantheon__Noun__1
written_rep: pantheon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panteon
sense_list:
(religion) A temple dedicated to all the gods. | (mythology) All the gods of a particular people or religion, particularly the ancient Greek gods residing on Olympus, considered as a group. | (by extension) A category or classification denoting the most honored persons of a group.


lexentry: eng/panther__Noun__1
written_rep: panther
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pantera
sense_list:
Any of various big cats with black fur; most especially, the black-coated leopard of Africa and Asia. | Any big cat of the genus Panthera.


lexentry: eng/pantograph__Noun__1
written_rep: pantograph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pantograf
sense_list:
A mechanical linkage based on parallelograms causing two objects to move in parallel; notably as a drawing aid. | By extension, a structure of crosswise bars linked in such a way that it can extend and compress like an accordion, such as in a pantograph mirror or a scissor lift. | A pattern printed on a document to reduce the ease of photocopying. | (rail transport) A similarly-formed conductive device, now usually Z-shaped, that collects electric current from overhead lines for trains and trams.


lexentry: eng/pantomime__Noun__1
written_rep: pantomime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pantomima
sense_list:
(UK) A traditional theatrical entertainment, originally based on the commedia dell'arte, but later aimed mostly at children and involving physical comedy, topical jokes, call and response, and fairy-tale plots. [from 18th c.] | The act of gesturing without speaking; a dumb-show, a mime. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pantry__Noun__1
written_rep: pantry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spiżarnia | spiżarka
sense_list:
A small room, closet, or cabinet usually located in or near the kitchen, dedicated to shelf-stable food storage or storing kitchenware, like a larder, but smaller.


lexentry: eng/pantryman__Noun__1
written_rep: pantryman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spiżarny
sense_list:
A person in charge of the pantry, or food store, on a ship, train, or other transport where food is kept for passengers and crew. Also in a hospital, school, or hotel, etc.


lexentry: eng/pants__Noun__1
written_rep: pants
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spodnie | gacie | galoty | pantalony | portki
sense_list:
(chiefly, North America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Philippines) An outer garment that covers the body from the waist downwards, covering each leg separately, usually as far as the ankles; trousers. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pants__Noun__1
written_rep: pants
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: majtki | gacie | gatki
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK) An undergarment that covers the genitals and often the buttocks and the neighbouring parts of the body; underpants. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pantyliner__Noun__1
written_rep: pantyliner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wkładka higieniczna
sense_list:
A pad worn on the inner surface of women's underpants, up against the vulva, during a low-flow day of the menstrual period, designed to absorb small, spotty quantities of menstrual fluid, in contrast to a tampon or sanitary napkin, worn on heavy-flow days.


lexentry: eng/panvitalism__Noun__1
written_rep: panvitalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panwitalizm
sense_list:
Belief that all things are part of a single living universe. | Belief that all things in the universe are alive.


lexentry: eng/pap__Noun__1
written_rep: pap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papka
sense_list:
(uncountable) Food in the form of a soft paste, often a porridge, especially as given to very young children.


lexentry: eng/papakha__Noun__1
written_rep: papakha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papacha
sense_list:
A fur or sometimes wool hat traditionally worn by men throughout the Caucasus and Central Asia; its shape varies from hemispherical to cylindrical, which may be slightly tapered in either direction.


lexentry: eng/papal_infallibility__Noun__1
written_rep: papal infallibility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieomylność papieska | nieomylność papieża
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) The concept that the Pope, under certain circumstance (when making a statement on faith or morals, etc.) is protected by the Holy Spirit from being able to make a mistake.


lexentry: eng/paparazzo__Noun__1
written_rep: paparazzo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paparazzo | paparazzi
sense_list:
A freelance photographer who sells photographs of celebrities to the media, especially one who pursues celebrities and attempts to obtain candid photographs.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
written_rep: paper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papier
sense_list:
A sheet material typically used for writing on or printing on (or as a non-waterproof container), usually made by draining cellulose fibres from a suspension in water.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
written_rep: paper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: papier | artykuł
sense_list:
(rock paper scissors) An open hand (a handshape resembling a sheet of paper), that beats rock and loses to scissors. It loses to lizard and beats Spock in rock-paper-scissors-lizard-Spock.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
written_rep: paper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: artykuł | papier
sense_list:
A written document, generally shorter than a book; usually written as a school assignment or a government report.


lexentry: eng/paper__Noun__1
written_rep: paper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: artykuł
sense_list:
(finance, uncountable) Any financial assets other than specie, including paper money, commercial paper, and others.


lexentry: eng/paper_nautilus__Noun__1
written_rep: paper nautilus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argonauta | żeglarek
sense_list:
A pelagic octopus of genus Argonauta, found in warm seas, whose females produce a paper-thin egg case resembling a shell into which she deposits her eggs.


lexentry: eng/paper_over__Verb__1
written_rep: paper over
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przykrywać | przykryć
sense_list:
(transitive, figurative) To superficially hide or disguise (a problem or a defect) without addressing it; to provide a veneer of normality or success.


lexentry: eng/paper_tape__Noun__1
written_rep: paper tape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: taśma dziurkowana | taśma perforowana
sense_list:
(computing, historical) An early sequential digital storage medium originally used with teletype machines, consisting of a long roll of paper, each character being encoded as a pattern of punched holes.


lexentry: eng/paper_tiger__Noun__1
written_rep: paper tiger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papierowy tygrys
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something or someone that appears powerful, strong or threatening but is in reality weak, ineffective, or unable to withstand challenge.


lexentry: eng/papers__Noun__2
written_rep: papers
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papiery
sense_list:
Official documents or identification, as a passport. | A collection of documents, unpublished writing or correspondence in an archive or library collection.


lexentry: eng/paperweight__Noun__1
written_rep: paperweight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przycisk do papieru
sense_list:
A small, decorative, somewhat weighty object placed on one or more pieces of paper to keep them from fluttering away. | Any object used for this purpose.


lexentry: eng/paperwork__Noun__1
written_rep: paperwork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papierkowa robota | papierologia
sense_list:
(uncountable) Routine work involving written documents. | (uncountable, hyperbolic, also, figurative) Excessive paperwork, busy work, red tape.


lexentry: eng/papier-mâché__Noun__1
written_rep: papier-mâché
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papier mâché
sense_list:
Torn-up paper and other possible materials mixed with paste or glue used to create, when the mass is dried, a durable sculptural object.


lexentry: eng/papist__Noun__1
written_rep: papist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papista | papistka
sense_list:
(religious slur, Christianity) A Roman Catholic, especially one whose loyalties are seen to be with the papacy in Rome.


lexentry: eng/paprika__Noun__1
written_rep: paprika
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: suszona papryka
sense_list:
(countable, rare, commonly called "dried [bell/chilli] peppers" or "dried capsicums") A dried but not yet ground fruit of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper sold for use as a spice.


lexentry: eng/paprikash__Noun__1
written_rep: paprikash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paprykarz
sense_list:
A Hungarian dish resembling goulash (a paprika-based potato stew), but without potatoes and using meat instead, often chicken and sometimes veal.


lexentry: eng/papule__Noun__1
written_rep: papule
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grudka
sense_list:
(dermatology) A small, inflammatory, irritated spot on the skin, similar in appearance to a pimple, but not containing pus.


lexentry: eng/papyrology__Noun__1
written_rep: papyrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papirologia
sense_list:
The study of papyrus, particularly the branch of archeology concerning ancient texts written on papyrus.


lexentry: eng/papyrus__Noun__1
written_rep: papyrus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papirus
sense_list:
(usually, uncountable) A plant (Cyperus papyrus) in the sedge family, native to the Nile river valley, paper reed. | (usually, uncountable) A material similar to paper made from the papyrus plant. | (countable) A scroll or document written on papyrus.


lexentry: eng/parabola__Noun__1
written_rep: parabola
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parabola
sense_list:
(geometry) The conic section formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to a tangent plane to the cone; the locus of points equidistant from a fixed point (the focus) and line (the directrix).


lexentry: eng/parachute__Noun__1
written_rep: parachute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spadochron
sense_list:
(aviation) A device, generally constructed from fabric, that is designed to employ air resistance to control the fall of an object or person, causing them to float instead of falling.


lexentry: eng/parachute__Noun__1
written_rep: parachute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: chusta animacyjna
sense_list:
A large sheet of fabric used in children's physical education, often colorful, with handles allowing many people to control its motion.


lexentry: eng/paraconsistent__Adjective__1
written_rep: paraconsistent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parakonsystentny
sense_list:
(logic) Dealing with contradictions in a discriminating way, in order to avoid acceptance of one from entailing acceptance of all contradictions.


lexentry: eng/paraconsistent_logic__Noun__1
written_rep: paraconsistent logic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: logika parakonsystentna
sense_list:
(logic, countable) A particular formal logical system which allows some contradictions to be true without all contradictions or all statements becoming true; i.e. in which the principle of explosion does not hold.


lexentry: eng/paradiddle__Noun__1
written_rep: paradiddle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: młyn
sense_list:
(music) A percussive exercise (one of 26 drum rudiments per the National Association of Rudimental Drummers or one of 40 per the Percussive Arts Society) which involves playing four even strokes in the order ‘right left right right’ or ‘left right left left.’


lexentry: eng/paradigm__Noun__1
written_rep: paradigm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paradygmat
sense_list:
A pattern, a way of doing something; especially a pattern of thought, a system of beliefs, a conceptual framework. | An example serving as the model for such a pattern; an exceptionally good or prototypical example of a pattern or group. | (linguistics) A set of all forms which contain a common element, especially the set of all inflectional forms of a word or a particular grammatical category.


lexentry: eng/paradigm_shift__Noun__1
written_rep: paradigm shift
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zmiana paradygmatu
sense_list:
(sciences) A radical change in thinking from an accepted point of view to a new one, necessitated when new scientific discoveries produce anomalies in the current paradigm. [from 1962]


lexentry: eng/paradox__Noun__1
written_rep: paradox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paradoks
sense_list:
An apparently self-contradictory statement, which can only be true if it is false, and vice versa. | (uncountable, philosophy) A state in which one is logically compelled to contradict oneself.


lexentry: eng/paraffin_wax__Noun__1
written_rep: paraffin wax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parafina
sense_list:
A waxy white solid hydrocarbon mixture used to make candles, wax paper, lubricants, and sealing materials.


lexentry: eng/paragon__Noun__1
written_rep: paragon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: paragon
sense_list:
(typography, printing, dated) The size of type between great primer and double pica, standardized as 20-point. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/paragraph__Noun__1
written_rep: paragraph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akapit | paragraf
sense_list:
A passage in text that starts on a new line, the first line sometimes being indented, and usually marks a change of topic. | (originally) A mark or note set in the margin to call attention to something in the text, such as a change of subject.


lexentry: eng/paralipsis__Noun__1
written_rep: paralipsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paralipsa
sense_list:
(rhetoric, linguistics) A figure of speech in which one pretends to ignore or omit something by actually mentioning it. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/parallax__Noun__1
written_rep: parallax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paralaksa
sense_list:
An apparent shift in the position of two stationary objects relative to each other as viewed by an observer, due to a change in observer position.


lexentry: eng/parallel_bars__Noun__1
written_rep: parallel bars
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: poręcz
sense_list:
A set of apparatus consisting of two horizontal bars at a small distance apart, upon which acts of swinging and holding and jumping and dips are performed.


lexentry: eng/parallel_parking__Noun__1
written_rep: parallel parking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parkowanie równoległe
sense_list:
The action of parking a vehicle with its side parallel to the curb or the side of the road and facing in the direction of the traffic in the adjacent lane.


lexentry: eng/parallel_universe__Noun__1
written_rep: parallel universe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: świat równoległy
sense_list:
(sciences, scifi, cosmology) A universe that exists separately alongside another universe, as part of a multiverse.


lexentry: eng/parallelepiped__Noun__1
written_rep: parallelepiped
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równoległościan
sense_list:
(geometry) A solid figure, having six faces, all parallelograms, all opposite faces being similar and parallel.


lexentry: eng/parallelogram__Noun__1
written_rep: parallelogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równoległobok
sense_list:
(geometry) A convex quadrilateral in which each pair of opposite edges are parallel and of equal length.


lexentry: eng/paralogism__Noun__1
written_rep: paralogism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paralogizm
sense_list:
A fallacious argument or illogical conclusion, especially one committed by mistake, or believed by the speaker to be logical.


lexentry: eng/paralysis__Noun__1
written_rep: paralysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paraliż | porażenie | bezwład
sense_list:
(pathology) The complete loss of voluntary control of part of a person's body, such as one or more limbs.


lexentry: eng/paramagnetism__Noun__1
written_rep: paramagnetism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paramagnetyzm
sense_list:
(physics) The tendency of magnetic dipoles to align with an external magnetic field; materials that exhibit this tendency become temporary magnets.


lexentry: eng/paramedic__Noun__1
written_rep: paramedic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ratowniczka | ratowniczka medyczna | ratownik | ratownik medyczny
sense_list:
A person trained to medically stabilize people through various interventions for victims of trauma or medical events outside of a hospital setting and prepare them for transport to a medical facility.


lexentry: eng/parameter__Noun__1
written_rep: parameter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parametr
sense_list:
A value kept constant during an experiment, equation, calculation, or similar, but varied over other versions of the experiment, equation, calculation, etc. | (programming) An input variable of a function definition, that gets an actual value (argument) at execution time.


lexentry: eng/paramilitary__Noun__1
written_rep: paramilitary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bojówka
sense_list:
A group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion, but which do not represent the formal forces of a sovereign power.


lexentry: eng/paranoia__Noun__1
written_rep: paranoia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paranoja
sense_list:
The obsolete name for a psychotic disorder, now called delusional disorder, often (in one of six subtypes) characterized by delusions of persecution and a perceived threat against the individual affected with the disorder, and often associated with false accusations and a general mistrust of others | Extreme, irrational distrust of others.


lexentry: eng/paranoid__Adjective__1
written_rep: paranoid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paranoiczny | paranoidalny
sense_list:
Of, related to, or suffering from clinical paranoia. | (informal) Exhibiting excessive fear, suspicion, or distrust.


lexentry: eng/paranoid_personality_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: paranoid personality disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paranoidalne zaburzenie osobowości
sense_list:
(psychiatry) A mental disorder characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.


lexentry: eng/paranoid_schizophrenia__Noun__1
written_rep: paranoid schizophrenia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schizofrenia paranoidalna
sense_list:
(psychiatry) A form of schizophrenia that is accompanied by delusions, either of persecution, grandeur or jealousy.


lexentry: eng/paranormal__Adjective__1
written_rep: paranormal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paranormalny
sense_list:
Of events, experiences, or phenomenona, that cannot be explained by current scientific understanding or natural laws.


lexentry: eng/paraphernalia__Noun__1
written_rep: paraphernalia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: parafernalia
sense_list:
(archaic, family, _, law) Objects that a married woman owns, such as clothing and jewellery, apart from her dowry.


lexentry: eng/paraphilia__Noun__1
written_rep: paraphilia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: parafilia
sense_list:
(sexology) Sexual arousal in response to sexual objects or situations which may interfere with the capacity for reciprocal affectionate sexual activity or lead to clinically significant distress or impairment (e.g. are obligatory, require participation of unconsenting individuals, lead to legal issues).


lexentry: eng/paraphrase__Noun__1
written_rep: paraphrase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parafraza
sense_list:
A restatement of a text in different words, often to clarify meaning or from memory rather than verbatim.


lexentry: eng/paraphrase__Verb__1
written_rep: paraphrase
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parafrazować
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To restate something as, or to compose a paraphrase. To repeat a written or spoken phrase/quote using different words, often in a simpler and shorter form, or sometimes in a humorous context.


lexentry: eng/paraphrenia__Noun__1
written_rep: paraphrenia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: parafrenia
sense_list:
(psychiatry) The state of being paraphrenic, the most severe form of the mistrustful-paranoid-paraphrenic personality spectrum, related to paranoid personality disorder.


lexentry: eng/paraprosdokian__Noun__1
written_rep: paraprosdokian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niespodzianka
sense_list:
A figure of speech in which the latter part of a sentence or phrase is surprising or unexpected in a way that causes the reader or listener to reframe or reinterpret the first part.


lexentry: eng/parapsychology__Noun__1
written_rep: parapsychology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parapsychologia
sense_list:
The study of alleged paranormal phenomena; psychic or occult phenomena, such as telepathy and ghosts.


lexentry: eng/parashah__Noun__1
written_rep: parashah
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: parasza
sense_list:
(Judaism) One of 54 sections of the Torah read weekly by religious Jews, particularly in the synagogue on the morning of the Jewish Sabbath


lexentry: eng/parasite__Noun__1
written_rep: parasite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasożyt
sense_list:
(biology) An organism that lives on or in another organism of a different species, deriving benefit from living on or in that other organism, while not contributing towards that other organism sufficiently to cover the cost to that other organism.


lexentry: eng/parasite__Noun__1
written_rep: parasite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pasożyt | darmozjad
sense_list:
(pejorative) A person who lives on other people's efforts or expense and gives little or nothing back. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/parasitic_element__Noun__1
written_rep: parasitic element
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: element pasożytniczy
sense_list:
(electronics) A circuit element or property that is present within an electrical component, and has a negative effect on the performance of the circuit.


lexentry: eng/parasitism__Noun__1
written_rep: parasitism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasożytnictwo
sense_list:
(ecology, biology) Interaction between two organisms, in which one organism (the parasite) benefits and the other (the host) is harmed.


lexentry: eng/parasitoid__Noun__1
written_rep: parasitoid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parazytoid
sense_list:
Any organism that is parasitic during part of its life cycle, especially one that eventually kills its host.


lexentry: eng/parasol_mushroom__Noun__1
written_rep: parasol mushroom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czubajka kania | kania
sense_list:
Macrolepiota procera (syn. Lepiota procera, a basidiomycete fungus with a large, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol.


lexentry: eng/parasympathetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: parasympathetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przywspółczulny
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy, neurology, relational) Of or relating to the part of the autonomic nervous system that inhibits or opposes the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. It consists of nerves arising from the brain and the lower end of the spinal cord and supplying the internal organs, blood vessels, and glands.


lexentry: eng/parasynonym__Noun__1
written_rep: parasynonym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bliskoznacznik
sense_list:
(linguistics) A term (word or phrase) which is parasynonymous with others, but not necessarily considered a synonym.


lexentry: eng/parasynthetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: parasynthetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parasyntetyczny
sense_list:
(grammar) Being a compound word formed by parasynthesis, i.e. by adding several affixes simultaneously, without “intermediate” forms.


lexentry: eng/parataxis__Noun__1
written_rep: parataxis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parataksa
sense_list:
(grammar) Speech or writing in which clauses or phrases are placed together without being separated by conjunctions, for example "I came; I saw; I conquered".


lexentry: eng/paratha__Noun__1
written_rep: paratha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paratha
sense_list:
an Indian bread with a texture somewhat resembling puff pastry; sometimes stuffed with vegetables etc.


lexentry: eng/parathyroid_gland__Noun__1
written_rep: parathyroid gland
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gruczoł przytarczyczny | przytarczyca
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any one of four endocrine glands situated in the neck, usually within a thyroid gland, which produce parathyroid hormone.


lexentry: eng/paratransit__Noun__1
written_rep: paratransit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: transport wspomagający
sense_list:
(American) An auxiliary transit service without fixed routes or schedules, usually serving the disabled on demand. [From 1972.]


lexentry: eng/paravane__Noun__1
written_rep: paravane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parawan
sense_list:
(nautical) A device, stabilized with vanes, towed alongside a vessel such that the cable attaching it cuts the moorings of submerged mines.


lexentry: eng/parch__Verb__1
written_rep: parch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wysuszać
sense_list:
(transitive) To burn the surface of, to scorch. | (transitive) To dry to extremity; to shrivel with heat.


lexentry: eng/pardon_me__Phrase__1
written_rep: pardon me
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pardon
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Sorry; said as an apology. | (idiomatic, North America) Polite expression to ask someone to repeat an utterance.


lexentry: eng/pardon_my_French__Verb__1
written_rep: pardon my French
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: z przeproszeniem | za przeproszeniem
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic, often, humorous) To excuse the speaker's frankness of expression or profanity.


lexentry: eng/pare__Verb__1
written_rep: pare
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obierać
sense_list:
(transitive) To remove the outer covering or skin of something with a cutting device, typically a knife.


lexentry: eng/pare__Verb__1
written_rep: pare
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obniżać
sense_list:
(transitive, often, with down or back) To reduce, diminish or trim gradually something as if by cutting off.


lexentry: eng/pareidolia__Noun__1
written_rep: pareidolia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pareidolia
sense_list:
(psychology) The tendency to interpret a vague stimulus as something known to the observer, such as interpreting marks on Mars as canals, seeing shapes in clouds, or hearing hidden messages in music.


lexentry: eng/parenchyma__Noun__1
written_rep: parenchyma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parenchyma
sense_list:
(anatomy) The functional tissue of an organ as distinguished from the connective and supporting tissue.


lexentry: eng/parent__Noun__1
written_rep: parent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: opiekun | opiekunka
sense_list:
(often in the plural) A person who has had a baby; this person in relation to their child or children.


lexentry: eng/parent__Noun__1
written_rep: parent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: rodzic | roślina mateczna
sense_list:
(biology) An organism from which a plant or animal is immediately biologically descended. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/parent__Noun__1
written_rep: parent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: rodzic
sense_list:
(computing) The object from which a child or derived object is descended; a node superior to another node. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/parental_control__Noun__1
written_rep: parental control
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kontrola rodzicielska
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) A feature included in some digital television services, computers, mobile devices, software, etc. that allows parents to restrict their children's access to certain content.


lexentry: eng/parenteral__Adjective__1
written_rep: parenteral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pozajelitowy
sense_list:
(medicine) Administered by some means that avoids the gastrointestinal tract, particularly intravenously or by injection.


lexentry: eng/parenthesis__Noun__1
written_rep: parenthesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nawias
sense_list:
Either of a pair of brackets, especially (mainly US) round brackets, ( and ) (used to enclose parenthetical material in a text). | (mathematics, logic) Such brackets as used to clarify expressions by grouping those terms affected by a common operator, or to enclose the components of a vector or the elements of a matrix.


lexentry: eng/parentification__Noun__1
written_rep: parentification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parentyfikacja
sense_list:
(sociology, psychology) A process of role reversal whereby a child is obliged to act as a parent to its own parent or sibling.


lexentry: eng/parents'_evening__Noun__1
written_rep: parents' evening
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wywiadówka
sense_list:
(UK, education) An evening consisting of short meetings between a parent and their child's teachers to discuss the child's academic progress.


lexentry: eng/paresis__Noun__1
written_rep: paresis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porażenie
sense_list:
A paralysis which is incomplete or which occurs in isolated areas. | Inflammation of the brain as a cause of dementia or paralysis.


lexentry: eng/parhelion__Noun__1
written_rep: parhelion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parhelion
sense_list:
Synonym of sun dog (“a bright spot in the sky, usually one of two on the parhelic circle on both sides of the sun (or occasionally above and below it), caused by the refraction of the sun's image through ice crystals”).


lexentry: eng/pariah__Noun__1
written_rep: pariah
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parias
sense_list:
Synonym of outcast: A person despised and excluded by their family, community, or society, especially a member of the untouchable castes in Indian society.


lexentry: eng/paring_knife__Noun__1
written_rep: paring knife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nóż do obierania
sense_list:
A thin-bladed knife intended for coring and paring (peeling) fruit such as apples as well as slicing small ingredients, especially used for precise and controlled cutting.


lexentry: eng/parish__Noun__1
written_rep: parish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parafia
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism, Anglican, Lutheranism, Eastern Orthodox) An administrative part of a diocese that has its own church. | (US) An ecclesiastical society, usually not bounded by territorial limits, but composed of those persons who choose to unite under the charge of a particular priest, clergyman, or minister; also, loosely, the territory in which the members of a congregation live. | A civil subdivision of a British county, often corresponding to an earlier ecclesiastical parish.


lexentry: eng/parish_church__Noun__1
written_rep: parish church
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kościół parafialny
sense_list:
A church that serves as the religious centre of a parish; the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches.


lexentry: eng/parity__Noun__1
written_rep: parity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parzystość
sense_list:
(uncountable) Equality; comparability of strength or intensity. | (mathematics, countable) A set with the property of having all of its elements belonging to one of two disjoint subsets, especially a set of integers split in subsets of even and odd elements. | (mathematics, countable) The classification of an element of a set with parity into one of the two sets. | (physics, countable) Symmetry of interactions under spatial inversion.


lexentry: eng/park__Noun__1
written_rep: park
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: park
sense_list:
An area of land set aside for environment preservation or recreation. | A tract of ground kept in its natural state, about or adjacent to a residence, such as for the preservation of game, for walking, riding, or the like.


lexentry: eng/parking_lot__Noun__1
written_rep: parking lot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parking
sense_list:
(North America, Philippines, Malaysia) A parking area, generally paved and open-air (sometimes with limited overhead covering), where automobiles may be left when not in use.


lexentry: eng/parking_meter__Noun__1
written_rep: parking meter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parkometr
sense_list:
A device, located by a parking space, that collects payment in exchange for the right to park a vehicle for a specified time.


lexentry: eng/parking_space__Noun__1
written_rep: parking space
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: miejsce parkingowe
sense_list:
(countable) A space in which a car or other vehicle can be parked. (Sometimes demarcated with lines painted on the ground.) | (uncountable, uncommon) Space in which a car or other vehicle can be parked.


lexentry: eng/parkour__Noun__1
written_rep: parkour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parkour
sense_list:
(sport) An athletic discipline, in which practitioners traverse any environment in the most efficient way possible using their physical abilities, and which commonly involves running, jumping, vaulting, rolling, flipping, and other similar physical movements.


lexentry: eng/parlance__Noun__1
written_rep: parlance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: język | mowa
sense_list:
A certain way of speaking, of using words; especially that associated with a particular job or interest.


lexentry: eng/parliament__Noun__1
written_rep: parliament
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: parlament | sejm
sense_list:
In many countries, the legislative branch of government, a deliberative assembly or set of assemblies whose elected or appointed members meet to debate the major political issues of the day, make, amend, and repeal laws, authorize the executive branch of government to collect and spend money, and in some cases exercise judicial powers; a legislature. [from 14th c.] | A particular assembly of the members of such a legislature, as convened for a specific purpose or period of time (commonly designated with an ordinal number – for example, first parliament or 12th parliament – or a descriptive adjective – for example, Long Parliament, Short Parliament and Rump Parliament). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/parliamentarian__Noun__1
written_rep: parliamentarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parlamentarzysta | parlamentarzystka
sense_list:
(Commonwealth) A member of a parliament, congress or an elected national legislative body of another name.


lexentry: eng/parlor__Noun__1
written_rep: parlor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: izba
sense_list:
(dated, except in, Mid-Atlantic US) The living room of a house, or a room for entertaining guests; a room for talking; a sitting-room or drawing room.


lexentry: eng/parlour_game__Noun__1
written_rep: parlour game
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gra towarzyska
sense_list:
Any of a number of amusing games played indoors with few props by the members of a social gathering.


lexentry: eng/parochial__Adjective__1
written_rep: parochial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: parafiański | prowincjonalny | zaściankowy
sense_list:
(derogatory) Characterized by an unsophisticated focus on local concerns to the exclusion of wider contexts; elementary in scope or outlook.


lexentry: eng/parody__Noun__1
written_rep: parody
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parodia
sense_list:
A work or performance that imitates another work or performance with ridicule or irony. | (countable, archaic) A popular maxim, adage, or proverb.


lexentry: eng/parole__Noun__1
written_rep: parole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykazanie się
sense_list:
(with on) Originally, one's oath or word of honour, given as a condition of release from custody; now specifically, describing the release of a former prisoner under certain conditions, especially the promise of good behaviour. [from 17th c.] | Conditional release of a prisoner (now especially before the end of a custodial sentence), or the term or state of such release; the system governing such releases. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/parosmia__Noun__1
written_rep: parosmia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kakosmia | parosmia
sense_list:
(pathology) A distorted sense of smell, often resulting in the apparent detection of non-existent smells which are mostly unpleasant.


lexentry: eng/paroxysm__Noun__1
written_rep: paroxysm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paroksyzm
sense_list:
(countable, medicine) A period (especially one of several recurring periods) during the course of an illness when symptoms worsen; a sudden attack of a disease symptom, such as a bout of coughing or a seizure.


lexentry: eng/paroxysm__Noun__1
written_rep: paroxysm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: paroksyzm | przystęp
sense_list:
(countable) Chiefly followed by of: a sudden outburst of violent activity or feeling; also, the most severe part of an activity or incident; the climax.


lexentry: eng/parrot__Noun__1
written_rep: parrot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papuga
sense_list:
A kind of bird, many species of which are colorful and able to mimic human speech, of the order Psittaciformes or (narrowly) of the family Psittacidae. | (metaphorical) A parroter; a person who repeats the words or ideas of others.


lexentry: eng/parrot__Verb__1
written_rep: parrot
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papugować
sense_list:
(transitive) To repeat (exactly what has just been said) without necessarily showing understanding, in the manner of a parrot.


lexentry: eng/parrotfish__Noun__1
written_rep: parrotfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papugoryba
sense_list:
Any of several tropical marine fish of the family Scaridae known for their beak-like mass of teeth used to scrape algae from rocks or coral.


lexentry: eng/parse__Verb__1
written_rep: parse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: parsować
sense_list:
(computing, ambitransitive) To split (a file or other input) into pieces of data that can be easily manipulated or stored.


lexentry: eng/parsley__Noun__1
written_rep: parsley
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pietruszka
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A bright green, biennial herb, Petroselinum crispum, having many cultivars.


lexentry: eng/parsnip__Noun__1
written_rep: parsnip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasternak
sense_list:
A biennial plant, Pastinaca sativa, related to the carrot. | The root of the parsnip, when used as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/part-time__Adjective__1
written_rep: part-time
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: na pół etatu | niepełnoetatowy
sense_list:
For, during, or involving less than the normal time for some activity, especially the number of hours an employee works.


lexentry: eng/part_of_speech__Noun__1
written_rep: part of speech
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: część mowy
sense_list:
(grammar) A linguistic category of words sharing syntactic or morphological behaviour and semantic properties, such as noun or verb.


lexentry: eng/parthenogenesis__Noun__1
written_rep: parthenogenesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: partenogeneza | dzieworództwo
sense_list:
(biology, countable, uncountable) (An instance of) reproduction by the development of a single gamete (an ovum or ovule) without fertilisation by a gamete of the opposite sex; compare monogenesis, metagenesis, and heterogamy.


lexentry: eng/partial__Adjective__1
written_rep: partial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: częściowy
sense_list:
Existing as a part or portion; incomplete. | (mathematics) Of or relating to a partial derivative or partial differential.


lexentry: eng/partial__Adjective__1
written_rep: partial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: stronniczy | tendencyjny | uprzedzony
sense_list:
Biased in favor of a person, side, or point of view, especially when dealing with a competition or dispute.


lexentry: eng/partial_autocorrelation__Noun__1
written_rep: partial autocorrelation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autokorelacja cząstkowa
sense_list:
(statistics) Remaining correlation of two random variables in a stochastic process after intervening random variables have been accounted for.


lexentry: eng/partial_derivative__Noun__1
written_rep: partial derivative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pochodna cząstkowa
sense_list:
(mathematics) A derivative with respect to one variable of a function of several variables with the other variables held constant.


lexentry: eng/partial_differential_equation__Noun__1
written_rep: partial differential equation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równanie różniczkowe cząstkowe
sense_list:
(calculus) A differential equation that involves the partial derivatives of a function of several variables.


lexentry: eng/partial_order__Noun__1
written_rep: partial order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: częściowy porządek
sense_list:
(set theory, order theory) (informal) An ordering of the elements of a collection that behaves like that of the natural numbers by size, except that some elements may not be comparable (if all elements are comparable, it is called a total order); (formal) a binary relation that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive.


lexentry: eng/partial_pressure__Noun__1
written_rep: partial pressure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciśnienie cząstkowe
sense_list:
(physics, chemistry) The pressure that one component of a mixture of gases would contribute to the total pressure.


lexentry: eng/participatory_democracy__Noun__1
written_rep: participatory democracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: demokracja uczestnicząca
sense_list:
(political science) A form of government in which citizens participate individually and directly in political decisions and policies affecting their lives, rather than through elected representatives.


lexentry: eng/participle__Noun__1
written_rep: participle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: imiesłów
sense_list:
(grammar) A form of a verb that may function as an adjective, noun or adverb. English has two types of participles: the present participle and the past participle. In other languages, there are others, such as future, perfect, and future perfect participles.


lexentry: eng/particle__Noun__1
written_rep: particle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cząstka | partykuła
sense_list:
A very small piece of matter, a fragment; especially, the smallest possible part of something. [from 14th c.] | (physics) Any of various physical objects making up the constituent parts of an atom; an elementary particle or subatomic particle. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/particle__Noun__1
written_rep: particle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: partykuła | cząstka
sense_list:
(grammar) A part of speech that has no inherent lexical definition but must be associated with another word to impart meaning, often a grammatical category: for example, the English word to in a full infinitive phrase (to eat) or O in a vocative phrase (O Canada), or as a discourse marker (mmm).


lexentry: eng/particle_accelerator__Noun__1
written_rep: particle accelerator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcelerator cząstek | akcelerator
sense_list:
A device that accelerates electrically charged particles to extremely high speeds, for the purpose of inducing high energy reactions or producing high energy radiation.


lexentry: eng/particle_board__Noun__1
written_rep: particle board
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płyta wiórowa
sense_list:
(US, Canada, AU) a structural material manufactured from wood particles (such as chips and shavings) by pressing, and binding through resin


lexentry: eng/particulate_matter__Noun__1
written_rep: particulate matter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cząstki stałe | pył zawieszony
sense_list:
Any solid or liquid in a finely subdivided state, especially when considered as an atmospheric pollutant.


lexentry: eng/partisan__Noun__2
written_rep: partisan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: partyzana | kapralski kij
sense_list:
(historical) A long-handled spear with a triangular, double-edged blade having lateral projections, in some forms also used in boar hunting.


lexentry: eng/partitive_article__Noun__1
written_rep: partitive article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedimek cząstkowy
sense_list:
(grammar) A type of article, sometimes viewed as a type of indefinite article, used with a mass noun such as water, to indicate a non-specific quantity of it; class of determiner, with the closest English equivalent being some.


lexentry: eng/partner__Noun__1
written_rep: partner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: partner | partnerka
sense_list:
A spouse or other person with whom one shares a domestic, romantic or sexual bond. | Someone who is associated with another in a common activity or interest. | Someone with whom one dances in a two-person dance. | Someone with whom one plays on the same side in a game, such as card games or doubles tennis. | A member of a business or law partnership. | (nautical) One of the pieces of wood comprising the framework which strengthens the deck of a wooden ship around the holes through which the mast and other fittings pass. | (Jamaica) A group financial arrangement in which each member contributes a set amount of money over a set period.


lexentry: eng/partner__Verb__1
written_rep: partner
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: partnerować
sense_list:
(transitive) To join as a partner. | (intransitive, often, with with) To work or perform as a partner.


lexentry: eng/partridge__Noun__1
written_rep: partridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kuropatwa
sense_list:
(ornithology) Any bird of a number of genera in the family Phasianidae, notably in the genera Perdix and Alectoris.


lexentry: eng/party__Noun__1
written_rep: party
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strona | partia
sense_list:
(legal) A person or group of people constituting one side in a legal proceeding, such as in a legal action or a contract. [from ca. 1300s]


lexentry: eng/party__Noun__1
written_rep: party
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: partia
sense_list:
(now, rare, _, in general sense) A group of people forming one side in a given dispute, contest, etc., or united in maintaining a cause, policy, or opinion in opposition to others; a faction. [from ca. 1320s]


lexentry: eng/party__Noun__1
written_rep: party
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: impreza | balet | biba | melanż
sense_list:
A gathering of acquaintances so that one of them may offer items for sale to the rest of them. | A social gathering, usually of invited guests, which typically involves eating, drinking, and entertainment and often held to celebrate a particular occasion. [from 1700s]


lexentry: eng/party_animal__Noun__1
written_rep: party animal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balangowicz | balangowiczka | imprezowicz | imprezowiczka
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A person known for frequent, enthusiastic attendance at parties, especially one whose partying behavior is exuberant or excessive.


lexentry: eng/party_game__Noun__1
written_rep: party game
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: gra dla wielu graczy | gra towarzyska
sense_list:
(video game genre) A multiplayer game, usually consisting of a series of short minigames, that can be easily played in a social setting.


lexentry: eng/party_horn__Noun__1
written_rep: party horn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wskaźniki uprzedzające
sense_list:
A paper or plastic tube which may be blown into to create a sound, and sometimes is rolled up in a coil which unrolls and straightens out when blown.


lexentry: eng/parvenu__Noun__1
written_rep: parvenu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dorobkiewicz | karierowicz | karierowiczka | nowobogacka | nowobogacki | nuworysz
sense_list:
A person who has risen, climbed up, or has been promoted to a higher social class, especially through acquisition of wealth, privileges, or political authority but has not gained social acceptance by those within that new class.


lexentry: eng/pascal__Noun__1
written_rep: pascal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paskal
sense_list:
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of pressure and stress; one newton per square metre. Symbol: Pa.


lexentry: eng/pasha__Noun__1
written_rep: pasha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: basza | pasza | pascha
sense_list:
(historical) A high-ranking Turkish military officer, especially as a commander or regional governor; the highest honorary title during the Ottoman Empire.


lexentry: eng/pasque_flower__Noun__1
written_rep: pasque flower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sasanka
sense_list:
Any of various deciduous perennial flowering plants, of the genus Pulsatilla, found in clumps in certain grassland areas.


lexentry: eng/pass__Noun__1
written_rep: pass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przełęcz
sense_list:
An opening, road, or track, available for passing; especially, one through or over some dangerous or otherwise impracticable barrier such as a mountain range; a passageway; a defile; a ford.


lexentry: eng/pass__Noun__1
written_rep: pass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 12
trans_list: przepustka
sense_list:
A document granting permission to pass or to go and come; a passport; a ticket permitting free transit or admission


lexentry: eng/pass__Verb__1
written_rep: pass
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podawać | podać
sense_list:
(ditransitive) To cause to move or go; to send; to transfer from one person, place, or condition to another.


lexentry: eng/pass__Verb__1
written_rep: pass
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zdać | przebrnąć | przejść | zdawać
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause to advance by stages of progress; to carry on with success through an ordeal, examination, or action; specifically, to give legal or official sanction to; to ratify; to enact; to approve as valid and just.


lexentry: eng/pass__Verb__1
written_rep: pass
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: odchodzić | odejść | umierać | umrzeć | zdechnąć | zdychać
sense_list:
(transitive) To allow to go by without noticing; to omit attention to; to take no note of; to disregard.


lexentry: eng/pass_the_buck__Verb__1
written_rep: pass the buck
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwalać odpowiedzialność na innych | zwalić odpowiedzialność na innych
sense_list:
(idiomatic, informal) To transfer responsibility or blame from oneself onto another; to absolve oneself of concern for a given matter by claiming to lack authority or jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/passacaglia__Noun__1
written_rep: passacaglia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: passacaglia
sense_list:
(music genre) A form of historical Spanish or Italian dance characterised by a serious nature, triple metre, and use of a ground bass.


lexentry: eng/passenger_car__Noun__1
written_rep: passenger car
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osobówka | samochód osobowy
sense_list:
(rail, US) A railroad car designed to carry passengers. | (vehicle) A motor vehicle designed to carry (a few) passengers; a motorcar.


lexentry: eng/passenger_seat__Noun__1
written_rep: passenger seat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siedzenie pasażera
sense_list:
(automotive) A seat in a vehicle for a passenger, especially the front seat next to the driver in a motor vehicle.


lexentry: eng/passing_loop__Noun__1
written_rep: passing loop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mijanka
sense_list:
(rail) On a single-track railway or tramway, an extra track provided at a certain place to allow two trains travelling in opposite directions to pass each other. It can also allow a faster train to overtake a slower one.


lexentry: eng/passion__Noun__1
written_rep: passion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pasja
sense_list:
Fervor, determination. | An object of passionate or romantic love or strong romantic interest. | A display, musical composition, or play meant to commemorate the suffering of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/passion__Noun__1
written_rep: passion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: pasja | męka
sense_list:
(Christianity, usually capitalized) The suffering of Jesus leading up to and during his crucifixion.


lexentry: eng/passion_play__Noun__1
written_rep: passion play
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: misterium pasyjne
sense_list:
Any analogous religious story of the suffering, death, and resurrection of other gods or goddesses, or of the martyrdom of holy people, such as the Muslim tazia.


lexentry: eng/passionflower__Noun__1
written_rep: passionflower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: męczennica | passiflora
sense_list:
Any of very many vines, in North America and elsewhere, of the genus Passiflora that bear edible fruit called passion fruit, and showy flowers of a structure symbolic of the Passion of Christ. | The flower of this plant.


lexentry: eng/passive__Adjective__1
written_rep: passive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bierny
sense_list:
Being subjected to an action without producing a reaction. | Taking no action. | (grammar) Being in the passive voice.


lexentry: eng/passive_participle__Noun__1
written_rep: passive participle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: imiesłów przymiotnikowy bierny
sense_list:
(grammar) A participle indicating an ongoing or completed action or state in the passive voice, where a noun modified by the participle is taken to represent the patient of the action denoted by the verb.


lexentry: eng/passive_smoker__Noun__1
written_rep: passive smoker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bierny palacz
sense_list:
A non-smoker that suffers the consequences of tobacco due to inhalation of smoke from nearby smokers.


lexentry: eng/passive_vocabulary__Noun__1
written_rep: passive vocabulary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słownik bierny
sense_list:
The words and phrases, collectively, that someone understands in speech and writing but does not commonly use.


lexentry: eng/passport__Noun__1
written_rep: passport
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paszport
sense_list:
An official document normally used for international journeys, which proves the identity and nationality of the person for whom it was issued.


lexentry: eng/password__Noun__1
written_rep: password
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hasło | parol
sense_list:
(military, security) A word relayed to a person to gain admittance to a place or to gain access to information.


lexentry: eng/password__Noun__1
written_rep: password
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: hasło
sense_list:
(computing, cryptography) A string of characters used to log in to a computer or network, to access a level in a video game, and so on; archetypally a word#Noun but nowadays often an alphanumeric#Adjective string or a phrase#Noun.


lexentry: eng/past__Adjective__1
written_rep: past
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: przeszłość
sense_list:
(grammar) Of a tense, expressing action that has already happened or a previously-existing state. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/past_historic_tense__Noun__1
written_rep: past historic tense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czas przeszły
sense_list:
(grammar) A tense used in some languages (such as French and Italian) in narrative, and in spoken language primarily when reading narrative or in storytelling, for completed actions in the past or in speaking of the deceased.


lexentry: eng/past_master__Noun__1
written_rep: past master
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: majster
sense_list:
One who has an extremely high level of ability or knowledge within an area of achievement or expertise.


lexentry: eng/past_perfect__Noun__1
written_rep: past perfect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czas zaprzeszły
sense_list:
A tense which describes actions that occurred before another action or event in the past; the pluperfect or the past anterior tense.


lexentry: eng/past_tense__Noun__1
written_rep: past tense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czas przeszły
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatical form (often a verb form) that refers to an event, transaction, occurrence, or object that happened (or had happened), or existed, at some time before now (the applicable reference time).


lexentry: eng/pasta__Noun__1
written_rep: pasta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: makaron
sense_list:
(uncountable) Dough made from wheat and water and sometimes mixed with egg and formed into various shapes; often sold in dried form and typically boiled for eating.


lexentry: eng/paste__Verb__1
written_rep: paste
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wklejać
sense_list:
(transitive, computing) To insert a piece of media (e.g. text, picture, audio, video) previously copied or cut from somewhere else.


lexentry: eng/pastel__Noun__1
written_rep: pastel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pastel
sense_list:
Any of several subdued tints of colors, usually associated with pink, peach, yellow, green, blue, and lavender. | (art) A drawing made with any of those colors. | A type of dried paste used to make crayons. | A crayon made from such a paste.


lexentry: eng/pasteurisation__Noun__1
written_rep: pasteurisation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasteryzacja
sense_list:
(British spelling) Heat-treatment of a perishable food to destroy heat-sensitive vegetative cells followed by immediate cooling to limit growth of the surviving cells and germination of spores.


lexentry: eng/pasteurize__Verb__1
written_rep: pasteurize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasteryzować
sense_list:
(transitive) To heat food for the purpose of killing harmful organisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, molds, and yeasts.


lexentry: eng/pastiche__Noun__1
written_rep: pastiche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pastisz
sense_list:
A work of art, drama, literature, music, or architecture that imitates the work of a previous artist, usually in a positive or neutral way.


lexentry: eng/pastie__Noun__2
written_rep: pastie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: smażone ciasto z mięsem
sense_list:
(Northern Ireland) A circular, battered and deep-fried meat pie usually consisting of minced pork, onion, potato and seasoning and served in a bap or with chips. A peculiarity of Northern Irish "chippy" cuisine, rarely (if ever) seen outside the area.


lexentry: eng/pastille__Noun__1
written_rep: pastille
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pastylka
sense_list:
(historical) A medicinal pill, originally made of compressed herbs. | A candy- or sweet-like lozenge, which, when sucked, releases substances that soothe a sore throat, and sometimes vapours to help unblock the nose or sinuses.


lexentry: eng/pastoral__Adjective__1
written_rep: pastoral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pastoralny | duszpasterski | pasterski
sense_list:
Relating to the care of souls, to the pastor of a church or to any local religious leader charged with the service of individual parishioners, i.e. a priest or rabbi.


lexentry: eng/pastoral__Noun__1
written_rep: pastoral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sielanka
sense_list:
A poem describing the life and manners of shepherds; a poem in which the speakers assume the character of shepherds; an idyll; a bucolic.


lexentry: eng/pat_down__Verb__1
written_rep: pat down
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeszukać | przeszukiwać
sense_list:
(US, informal, transitive) To frisk; to check someone's body for concealed items, especially weapons.


lexentry: eng/patch__Noun__1
written_rep: patch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łata | łatka
sense_list:
A piece of cloth, or other suitable material, sewed or otherwise fixed upon a garment to repair or strengthen it, especially upon an old garment to cover a hole.


lexentry: eng/patch__Noun__1
written_rep: patch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 14
trans_list: flejtuch
sense_list:
(firearms) A piece of greased cloth or leather used as wrapping for a rifle ball, to make it fit the bore.


lexentry: eng/patchouli__Noun__1
written_rep: patchouli
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paczulka | brodziec paczulka | paczula | paczulka wonna
sense_list:
Any of several East Indian plants in the genus Pogostemon, especially Pogostemon cablin, which yield a highly fragrant oil.


lexentry: eng/patchwork_quilt__Noun__1
written_rep: patchwork quilt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patchwork
sense_list:
(literally) A decorative quilt made of pieces of cloth having diverse sizes, colors, and shapes, sewn together either to form a regular pattern or in a deliberately mismatched fashion without a pattern.


lexentry: eng/patent__Noun__1
written_rep: patent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patent
sense_list:
A declaration issued by a government agency that the inventor of a new invention has the sole privilege of making, selling, or using the claimed invention for a specified period.


lexentry: eng/patent__Verb__1
written_rep: patent
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opatentować | patentować
sense_list:
To (successfully) register (a new invention) with a government agency to obtain the sole privilege of its manufacture, sale, and use for a specified period.


lexentry: eng/patent_troll__Noun__1
written_rep: patent troll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: troll patentowy
sense_list:
(patent law, informal, derogatory) A company, person, etc., that owns and enforces patents in an aggressive and opportunistic manner, often with no intention of producing, marketing, or promoting the subjects of the patents.


lexentry: eng/paternal__Adjective__1
written_rep: paternal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ojcowski
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to one's father, his genes, his relatives, or his side of a family. | Fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father.


lexentry: eng/paternal_grandfather__Noun__1
written_rep: paternal grandfather
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziadek ojczysty | dziadek po mieczu
sense_list:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see paternal,‎ grandfather. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/paternal_grandmother__Noun__1
written_rep: paternal grandmother
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: babcia
sense_list:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see paternal,‎ grandmother. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/paternoster__Noun__1
written_rep: paternoster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: Ojcze Nasz
sense_list:
(archaic) A patent medicine, so named because salesmen would pray the Lord's Prayer over it before selling it.


lexentry: eng/path__Noun__1
written_rep: path
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: ścieżka | droga
sense_list:
(computing) A human-readable specification for a location within a hierarchical or tree-like structure, such as a file system or as part of a URL.


lexentry: eng/pathetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: pathetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żałosny
sense_list:
Arousing pity, sympathy, or compassion; exciting pathos. | Arousing scorn or contempt, often due to miserable inadequacy.


lexentry: eng/pathogen__Noun__1
written_rep: pathogen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patogen
sense_list:
(pathology, immunology) An agent that can cause disease, especially an infectious microorganism, such as a bacterium, virus, protozoon or fungus.


lexentry: eng/pathologist__Noun__1
written_rep: pathologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patolog
sense_list:
An expert in pathology; a specialist who examines samples of body tissues for diagnostic or forensic purpose.


lexentry: eng/pathology__Noun__1
written_rep: pathology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patologia
sense_list:
(academic, _, medicine) The academic biomedical specialty that advances the aspects of the biomedical sciences that allow for those clinical applications and their advancements over time. | Pathosis: any deviation from a healthy or normal structure or function; abnormality; illness or malformation.


lexentry: eng/pathos__Noun__1
written_rep: pathos
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patos
sense_list:
The quality or property of anything which touches the feelings or excites emotions and passions, especially that which awakens tender emotions, such as pity, sorrow, and the like; contagious warmth of feeling, action, or expression; pathetic quality.


lexentry: eng/pathway__Noun__1
written_rep: pathway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szlak
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A sequence of biochemical compounds, and the reactions linking them, that describe a process in metabolism or catabolism.


lexentry: eng/patient__Noun__1
written_rep: patient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pacjent | pacjentka | chory | chora
sense_list:
A person or animal that receives health care from a doctor, nurse, dentist, allied health practitioner, or other person educated in health care.


lexentry: eng/patient__Noun__1
written_rep: patient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pacjens
sense_list:
(linguistics, grammar) The noun or noun phrase that is semantically on the receiving end of a verb's action.


lexentry: eng/patina__Noun__1
written_rep: patina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patena
sense_list:
(originally) A paten, flat type of dish. | A green colour, tinted with grey, like that of bronze patina. | (figurative) A gloss or superficial layer.


lexentry: eng/patina__Noun__1
written_rep: patina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: patyna | śniedź | patena
sense_list:
The colour or incrustation which age and wear give to (mainly metallic) objects; especially, the green rust which covers works of art such as ancient bronzes, coins and medals.


lexentry: eng/patriarch__Noun__1
written_rep: patriarch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patriarcha
sense_list:
(Christianity) The highest form of bishop, in the ancient world having authority over other bishops in the province but now generally as an honorary title; in Roman Catholicism, considered a bishop second only to the Pope in rank. [from 9th c.] | The male head of a household or nuclear family.


lexentry: eng/patriarchal__Adjective__1
written_rep: patriarchal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patriarchalny
sense_list:
Characteristic of a patriarch; venerable. | Relating to a system run by males, rather than females; relating to a patriarchy.


lexentry: eng/patriarchy__Noun__1
written_rep: patriarchy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patriarchat
sense_list:
(anthropology, history) A social system in which the father is head of the household, having authority over women and children, and in which lineage is traced through the male line. | A power structure in which men are dominant.


lexentry: eng/patrician__Noun__1
written_rep: patrician
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patrycjusz | patrycjuszka
sense_list:
(Ancient Rome) A member of any of the families constituting the populus Romanus, or body of Roman citizens, before the development of the plebeian order; later, one who, by right of birth or by special privilege conferred, belonged to the senior class of Romans, who, with certain property, had by right a seat in the Roman Senate.


lexentry: eng/patriotic__Adjective__1
written_rep: patriotic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patriotyczny
sense_list:
Inspired by or showing patriotism; done out of love of one's country; zealously and unselfishly devoted to the service of one's country


lexentry: eng/patriotism__Noun__1
written_rep: patriotism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patriotyzm
sense_list:
Love of one's country; devotion to the welfare of one's compatriots; passion which inspires one to serve one's country.


lexentry: eng/patrol__Noun__1
written_rep: patrol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patrol
sense_list:
(military) A going of the rounds along the chain of sentinels and between the posts, by a guard, usually consisting of three or four men, to insure greater security from attacks on the outposts. | (military) A movement, by a small body of troops beyond the line of outposts, to explore the country and gain intelligence of the enemy's whereabouts. | (military) The guards who go the rounds for observation; a detachment whose duty it is to patrol.


lexentry: eng/patron_saint__Noun__1
written_rep: patron saint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: święty patron
sense_list:
(Christianity) A saint conceived as the patron (protector or supporter) of a particular place, group, person, or activity, for whom or for which his or her intercession is specially invoked.


lexentry: eng/patronage__Noun__1
written_rep: patronage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: klientyzm
sense_list:
(politics) Granting favours or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support.


lexentry: eng/patronize__Verb__1
written_rep: patronize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wywyższać się
sense_list:
(transitive) To assume a tone of unjustified superiority toward; to talk down to, to treat condescendingly.


lexentry: eng/patronymic__Noun__1
written_rep: patronymic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: patronimik
sense_list:
(onomastics, by extension) A name acquired from the first name of one's father, grandfather or earlier (male) ancestor. Some cultures use a patronymic where other cultures use a surname or family name; other cultures (like Russia) use both a patronymic and a surname.


lexentry: eng/patsy__Noun__1
written_rep: patsy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: frajer
sense_list:
(informal, derogatory) A person who is taken advantage of, especially by being cheated or blamed for something.


lexentry: eng/pattern__Noun__1
written_rep: pattern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykrój
sense_list:
(textiles) The paper or cardboard template from which the parts of a garment are traced onto fabric prior to cutting out and assembling.


lexentry: eng/patty__Noun__1
written_rep: patty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hamburger | kotlet mielony
sense_list:
(US, Australia, New Zealand) A flattened portion of ground meat or a vegetarian equivalent, usually round but sometimes square in shape.


lexentry: eng/patty__Noun__1
written_rep: patty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ciasto z nadzieniem
sense_list:
(Jamaica) A pastry with various fillings and spices baked inside a flaky shell, often tinted golden yellow with an egg yolk mixture or turmeric.


lexentry: eng/pattypan_squash__Noun__1
written_rep: pattypan squash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patison
sense_list:
A summer squash belonging to the species Cucurbita pepo, distinguished by its small size, shallow round shape, and scalloped edges, which give it a resemblance to a toy top or a flying saucer.


lexentry: eng/pauldron__Noun__1
written_rep: pauldron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pacha
sense_list:
(historical) A component of plate armor that protects the shoulder, generally covering more than a spaulder, also protecting the armpit and overlapping with other armor over the upper chest and back.


lexentry: eng/pave__Verb__1
written_rep: pave
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brukować
sense_list:
(British) To cover something with paving slabs. | (Canada, US) To cover with stone, concrete, blacktop or other solid covering, especially to aid travel.


lexentry: eng/pavement__Noun__1
written_rep: pavement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: bruk | nawierzchnia
sense_list:
(now, chiefly, North America) A paving (paved part) of a road or other thoroughfare; the roadway or road surface. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/pavilion__Noun__1
written_rep: pavilion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pawilon
sense_list:
A structure, sometimes temporary, erected to house exhibits at a fair, etc. | A detached or semi-detached building at a hospital or other building complex.


lexentry: eng/pavis__Noun__1
written_rep: pavis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pawęż
sense_list:
(military, history) Most usually, a very large shield fitted with a stand, like a small moveable wall, carried in front to protect all or most of the bearer's body that could be positioned independently of the user, such as a crossbowman, often with a projecting ridge running vertically down the center. However, smaller, more standard shield types were also termed as such, with the central verticle ridge as a defining feature.


lexentry: eng/paw__Noun__1
written_rep: paw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łapa
sense_list:
The soft foot of a mammal or other animal, generally a quadruped, that has claws or nails; comparable to a human hand or foot.


lexentry: eng/pawa__Noun__1
written_rep: pawa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słuchotka | ucho morskie
sense_list:
(New Zealand) An edible univalve mollusc of the genus Haliotis, having a shell lined with mother-of-pearl.


lexentry: eng/pawl__Noun__1
written_rep: pawl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapadka
sense_list:
A pivoted catch designed to fall into a notch on a ratchet wheel so as to allow movement in only one direction (e.g. on a windlass or in a clock mechanism), or alternatively to move the wheel in one direction. | A similar device to prevent motion in other mechanisms besides ratchets.


lexentry: eng/pawn__Noun__2
written_rep: pawn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pionek | pion
sense_list:
(chess) The most numerous chess piece, or a similar piece in a similar game. In chess, each side starts with eight; moves are only forward, and attacks are only diagonally or en passant.


lexentry: eng/pawn_grabbing__Noun__1
written_rep: pawn grabbing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pionkożerstwo
sense_list:
(informal, chess) A playstyle where a player prioritizes capturing opponents' pawns rather than focusing on overall strategy or victory conditions. Often seen as a beginner's mistake or an overly aggressive, short-sighted approach.


lexentry: eng/pawnbroker__Noun__1
written_rep: pawnbroker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lombardzista
sense_list:
A person who makes monetary loans at interest, taking personal property as security – which may be sold if not redeemed.


lexentry: eng/paximadi__Noun__1
written_rep: paximadi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grzanka
sense_list:
Various forms of Greek rusk, made commonly from barley or chickpea flour, and softened with wine, water or oil before eating.


lexentry: eng/pay_TV__Noun__1
written_rep: pay TV
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płatna telewizja
sense_list:
A system whereby viewers pay to subscribe to specific broadcast television channels or programme typically used in cable television services


lexentry: eng/pay__Verb__1
written_rep: pay
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płacić | zapłacić
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To give money or other compensation to in exchange for goods or services. | (intransitive) To suffer consequences.


lexentry: eng/pay_grade__Noun__1
written_rep: pay grade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ranga
sense_list:
(figuratively) A level of authority or responsibility (since pay rate, authority and responsibility generally increase similarly).


lexentry: eng/pay_off__Verb__1
written_rep: pay off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: spłacać | spłacić
sense_list:
(transitive) To pay back (repay) the entirety of a loan, thereby effecting the release of a lien on (the thing that was financed).


lexentry: eng/pay_the_price__Verb__1
written_rep: pay the price
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płacić za | zapłacić za
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To incur the negative consequences of (one’s own or someone else’s) actions or decisions.


lexentry: eng/pay_through_the_nose__Verb__1
written_rep: pay through the nose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepłacać | przepłacić
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To pay an exorbitant or excessive amount, either in money or in some other manner. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/payment__Noun__1
written_rep: payment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zapłata
sense_list:
(countable) An instance of that act; a sum of money paid in exchange#Noun for goods or services, or the transaction#Noun that conveys it.


lexentry: eng/payment_card__Noun__1
written_rep: payment card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karta płatnicza
sense_list:
(banking) A card, such as a credit card or debit card, which can be used for payment of goods or services.


lexentry: eng/payment_order__Noun__1
written_rep: payment order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asygnata
sense_list:
(finance, chiefly, banking) An instruction from a sender to a receiving bank, transmitted orally, electronically, or in writing, to pay, or to cause another bank to pay a fixed and determinable amount of money to a beneficiary.


lexentry: eng/payoff_function__Noun__1
written_rep: payoff function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: funkcja zysku
sense_list:
(game theory) A mathematical function describing the award given to a single player at the outcome of a game.


lexentry: eng/payola__Noun__1
written_rep: payola
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łapówka
sense_list:
(US, Philippines) A bribe given in exchange for a favor, such as one given in exchange for the promotion of goods or services (originally one given to a disk jockey to play a record).


lexentry: eng/payphone__Noun__1
written_rep: payphone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: automat | automat telefoniczny | telefon samoinkasujący
sense_list:
A public telephone that requires prepayment to operate, generally via the insertion of coins or a credit card.


lexentry: eng/payslip__Noun__1
written_rep: payslip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasek wynagrodzenia
sense_list:
A small document, included with an employee's wage or salary, giving details of money earned and tax and insurance paid.


lexentry: eng/paywall__Noun__1
written_rep: paywall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paywall
sense_list:
(informal, computing) A system that restricts access to content with a purchase or a paid subscription.


lexentry: eng/pea__Noun__1
written_rep: pea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: groch | groszek
sense_list:
(especially, when without a qualifier) A plant, Pisum sativum, member of the legume (Fabaceae) family. | Any of certain plants of the family Fabaceae: Pisum sativum and others. | (culinary) The edible seed of Pisum sativum. | (culinary) The edible seed of various other pea plants.


lexentry: eng/peace_be_upon_him__Interjection__1
written_rep: peace be upon him
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niech pokój będzie z nim | pokój niech będzie z nim
sense_list:
(Islam) an honorific phrase used by Muslims after any mention in speech or print of holy persons | (Judaism) an honorific phrase used by some Jews after mentioning the deceased in speech or print


lexentry: eng/peace_pipe__Noun__1
written_rep: peace pipe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fajka pokoju
sense_list:
A tobacco pipe smoked ceremonially in certain Native American cultures that symbolizes peace among those who smoke it, and among whom it is passed around from person to person.


lexentry: eng/peace_talks__Noun__1
written_rep: peace talks
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozmowy pokojowe
sense_list:
A series of formal discussions between two or more nation-states or groups of people held to resolve existing conflict between them.


lexentry: eng/peaceable__Adjective__1
written_rep: peaceable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezkonfliktowy
sense_list:
Favouring peace rather than conflict; not aggressive, tending to avoid violence (of people, actions etc.). [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/peacekeeping__Noun__1
written_rep: peacekeeping
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: utrzymywanie pokoju
sense_list:
The act of preserving peace, specifically between hostile groups or states, especially by a sanctioned military force. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peach__Noun__1
written_rep: peach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brzoskwinia
sense_list:
(countable) Any tree of species Prunus persica, native to China and now widely cultivated throughout temperate regions, having pink flowers and edible fruit. | (countable, uncountable) Soft juicy stone fruit of the peach tree, having yellow flesh, downy, red-tinted yellow skin, and a deeply sculptured pit or stone containing a single seed.


lexentry: eng/peachfuzz__Noun__1
written_rep: peachfuzz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: puch
sense_list:
(informal) The soft, scanty beard of an adolescent male. | (rare, nonstandard) The fuzz found on the skin of a peach.


lexentry: eng/peachy__Adjective__1
written_rep: peachy
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: elegancki
sense_list:
(colloquial) Very good, excellent, typically used sarcastically to indicate a state of misery, resentment or great frustration.


lexentry: eng/peacock__Noun__1
written_rep: peacock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: paw | pawica
sense_list:
A peafowl (of the genus Pavo or Afropavo), either male or female. | (entomology) Any of various Asian species of papilionid butterflies of the genus Papilio.


lexentry: eng/peafowl__Noun__1
written_rep: peafowl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paw
sense_list:
A bird of the genus Pavo or Afropavo, notable for the extravagant tails of the males; a peacock (unspecified sex).


lexentry: eng/peal__Noun__1
written_rep: peal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brzęk
sense_list:
A loud sound, or a succession of loud sounds, as of bells, thunder, cannon, shouts, laughter, of a multitude, etc.


lexentry: eng/pearl__Noun__1
written_rep: pearl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perła
sense_list:
(literally) A shelly concretion, usually rounded, and having a brilliant luster, with varying tints, found in the mantle, or between the mantle and shell, of certain bivalve mollusks, especially in the pearl oysters and river mussels, and sometimes in certain univalves. It is usually due to a secretion of shelly substance around some irritating foreign particle. Its substance is the same as nacre, or mother-of-pearl. Round lustrous pearls are used in jewellery. | (figuratively) Something precious. | (uncountable, typography, printing, dated) The size of type between diamond and agate, standardized as 5-point.


lexentry: eng/peasant__Noun__1
written_rep: peasant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chłop | włościanin | rolnik | chłopka | włościanka | rolniczka
sense_list:
A member of the lowly social class that toils on the land, constituted by small farmers and tenants, sharecroppers, farmhands and other laborers on the land where they form the main labor force in agriculture and horticulture.


lexentry: eng/peat__Noun__1
written_rep: peat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: torf
sense_list:
Soil formed of dead but not fully decayed plants found in bog areas, often burned as fuel. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/pecking_order__Noun__1
written_rep: pecking order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: porządek dziobania
sense_list:
The usually informal hierarchy of authority or command, often partial or approximate, as determined by the especially natural propensity for domination of different members of a specific group over each other, such as older brothers and sisters over their younger siblings.


lexentry: eng/pectin__Noun__1
written_rep: pectin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pektyna
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) A polysaccharide extracted from the cell walls of plants, especially of fruits; under acidic conditions it forms a gel. It is often used in processed foods, especially jellies and jams where it causes thickening (setting).


lexentry: eng/pectoral_sandpiper__Noun__1
written_rep: pectoral sandpiper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biegus arktyczny
sense_list:
Calidris melanotos, a small migratory wader that breeds in North America and Asia, wintering in South America and Oceania, and eats small invertebrates.


lexentry: eng/pedal__Noun__1
written_rep: pedal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pedał
sense_list:
A lever operated by one's foot that is used to control or power a machine or mechanism, such as a bicycle or piano.


lexentry: eng/pedal_pushers__Noun__1
written_rep: pedal pushers
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rybaczki
sense_list:
(originally, US) Women's casual trousers, usually fairly form-fitting, that end at the calves. [from mid 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/pedalo__Noun__1
written_rep: pedalo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rower wodny
sense_list:
(UK, watercraft) A small boat propelled by pedals that directly turn external paddles, used for recreation.


lexentry: eng/pedelec__Noun__1
written_rep: pedelec
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Pedelec
sense_list:
(informal) A bicycle with an electric motor which assists the rider but only while they are pedalling.


lexentry: eng/pederasty__Noun__1
written_rep: pederasty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pederastia | efebofilia
sense_list:
Erotic love, sexually expressed or chaste, between a man and an adolescent boy. | (archaic) Anal intercourse in general, usually between a man and an adolescent boy.


lexentry: eng/pedestrian_zone__Noun__1
written_rep: pedestrian zone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: deptak | strefa dla pieszych
sense_list:
A road which is closed off to non-emergency motor traffic, with only pedestrians and small vehicles such as bicycles being allowed.


lexentry: eng/pediatric__Adjective__1
written_rep: pediatric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pediatryczny
sense_list:
(American spelling) Of or pertaining to pediatrics, the branch of medicine dealing with the care and treatment of children and adolescents.


lexentry: eng/pediatrician__Noun__1
written_rep: pediatrician
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pediatra
sense_list:
(American spelling) A physician that specializes in pediatrics; the medical care of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults.


lexentry: eng/pediatrics__Noun__1
written_rep: pediatrics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pediatria
sense_list:
(American spelling, medicine) The branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of children and adolescents.


lexentry: eng/pedicel__Noun__1
written_rep: pedicel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szypułka
sense_list:
(botany) A stalk of an individual flower (or fruit, e.g., once fertilised) or spore-producing body within a cluster.


lexentry: eng/pedigree__Noun__1
written_rep: pedigree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rodowód
sense_list:
A chart, list, or record of ancestors, to show breeding, especially distinguished breeding. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pediment__Noun__1
written_rep: pediment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fronton | przyczółek
sense_list:
(architectural element) A classical architectural element consisting of a triangular section or gable found above the horizontal superstructure (entablature) which lies immediately upon the columns; fronton.


lexentry: eng/pedipalp__Noun__1
written_rep: pedipalp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczękonóżka
sense_list:
(zootomy) Either of a second pair of appendages near the mouth of many arachnids, variously specialized as pincers, sensory or locomotory organs.


lexentry: eng/pedology__Noun__1
written_rep: pedology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gleboznawstwo | pedologia
sense_list:
The sub-discipline of soil science that studies soils as a component of natural systems or deals with soil genesis and soil classification, or studies the soil profiles or solum in its natural setting.


lexentry: eng/pedometer__Noun__1
written_rep: pedometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krokomierz
sense_list:
A device, often electronic, that measures the number of steps taken, and thus estimates the distance walked.


lexentry: eng/pedophile__Noun__1
written_rep: pedophile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pedofil
sense_list:
(psychiatry, sexology) An adult or older adolescent who is sexually attracted to prepubescent children. [from 20th c.] | (pejorative, by extension, common use) An adult who is sexually attracted to or engages in sexual acts with a child under the age of consent.


lexentry: eng/pedophilia__Noun__1
written_rep: pedophilia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pedofilia
sense_list:
Sexual attraction by adults and adolescents to children, specifically prepubescent children. | (by extension, proscribed) Sexual activity between adults and children; the act of child molestation.


lexentry: eng/pedosexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: pedosexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pedoseksualny
sense_list:
(uncommon, of an act or behavior) Being or constituting pedosexuality, sexual activity between an adult and a child.


lexentry: eng/peekaboo__Noun__1
written_rep: peekaboo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: a kuku
sense_list:
(games) A game for a small child in which one covers one's face, then suddenly reveals it, saying "Boo!" or "Peekaboo!".


lexentry: eng/peel__Noun__3
written_rep: peel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lofer | łopata
sense_list:
A shovel or similar instrument, now especially a pole with a flat disc at the end used for removing pizza or loaves of bread from a baker's oven.


lexentry: eng/peel_off__Verb__1
written_rep: peel off
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: złuszczać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To separate off from the main body, to move off to one side; as in troop movements on a parade ground or an organized retreat, or columns in a procession.


lexentry: eng/peep__Verb__2
written_rep: peep
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: podpatrywać
sense_list:
(intransitive, dated) To begin to appear; to look forth from concealment; to make the first appearance.


lexentry: eng/peephole__Noun__1
written_rep: peephole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wizjer | judasz
sense_list:
A small hole, opening, or piece of glass, especially in a door, through which one can look without being seen.


lexentry: eng/peeping_tom__Noun__1
written_rep: peeping tom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podglądacz
sense_list:
A person who watches another without the other's permission and usually without the other's knowledge, especially for the purpose of deriving sexual pleasure from the sight of the other.


lexentry: eng/peer__Noun__2
written_rep: peer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: par
sense_list:
A noble with a title, i.e., a peerage, and in times past, with certain rights and privileges not enjoyed by commoners.


lexentry: eng/peer_review__Noun__1
written_rep: peer review
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: recenzowanie
sense_list:
(education) The scholarly process whereby manuscripts intended to be published in an academic journal are reviewed by independent researchers (referees) to evaluate the contribution, i.e. the importance, novelty and accuracy of the manuscript's contents.


lexentry: eng/peignoir__Noun__1
written_rep: peignoir
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: peniuar
sense_list:
A long outer garment for women, usually sheer and made of chiffon and often sold with matching nightgown, negligee or underwear.


lexentry: eng/pejoratively__Adverb__1
written_rep: pejoratively
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lekceważąco
sense_list:
In a pejorative manner. Insultingly, disparagingly; so as to belittle another or harm their reputation.


lexentry: eng/pelargonium__Noun__1
written_rep: pelargonium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pelargonia | muszkatel
sense_list:
Any of various flowering plants of the genus Pelargonium, similar to (and often confused with) true geraniums, but less hardy and often cultivated as annuals for ornamental purposes.


lexentry: eng/pelican_eel__Noun__1
written_rep: pelican eel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: połykacz
sense_list:
A deep-sea eel (Eurypharynx pelecanoides), the only known member of the genus Eurypharynx and family Eurypharyngidae, which is rarely seen by humans, although occasionally caught in fishing nets.


lexentry: eng/pellagra__Noun__1
written_rep: pellagra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pelagra
sense_list:
(pathology) A disease characterised by skin lesions and mental confusion, primarily caused by a niacin deficiency. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/peloton__Noun__1
written_rep: peloton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: peleton
sense_list:
(cycle racing) A group of riders formed during a cycling road race; especially, the main group of riders; the pack.


lexentry: eng/pelt__Noun__1
written_rep: pelt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skóra
sense_list:
The skin of an animal with the hair or wool on; either a raw or undressed hide, or a skin preserved with the hair or wool on it (sometimes worn as a garment with minimal modification). | (chiefly, Ireland, humorous, informal) Human skin, especially when bare; also, a person's hair.


lexentry: eng/pelt__Verb__2
written_rep: pelt
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obrzucać | obrzucić
sense_list:
To bombard (someone or something) with missiles. | To force (someone or something) to move using blows or the throwing of missiles.


lexentry: eng/pelvic_floor__Noun__1
written_rep: pelvic floor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepona miednicy
sense_list:
(anatomy) A muscular partition, formed by the muscle fibers of the levator ani, the coccygeus, and associated connective tissue, which spans the area underneath the pelvis.


lexentry: eng/pelvis__Noun__1
written_rep: pelvis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: miednica | obręcz kończyny dolnej | obręcz miedniczna
sense_list:
(anatomy) The large compound bone structure at the base of the spine that supports the legs in hominids.


lexentry: eng/pemmican__Noun__1
written_rep: pemmican
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pemikan
sense_list:
A food made from meat which has been dried and beaten into a paste, mixed with berries and rendered fat, and shaped into little patties. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/pen__Noun__2
written_rep: pen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pióro | długopis
sense_list:
A tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks.


lexentry: eng/penalty__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kara
sense_list:
A legal sentence. | (ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.


lexentry: eng/penalty_area__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty area
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pole karne
sense_list:
(football, futsal) An area of a pitch or field, inside which a penalty is given to the offensive team if a foul is made by the defensive team.


lexentry: eng/penalty_box__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bosman
sense_list:
(ice hockey) An enclosed bench where a player must remain for timed period (a penalty) that is assessed after an infraction.


lexentry: eng/penalty_goal__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty goal
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (ice hockey, soccer, rugby) A goal scored from a penalty.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
bramka strzelona z rzutu karnego | bramka z rzutu karnego | bramka zdobyta z rzutu karnego | gol strzelony z rzutu karnego | gol z rzutu karnego | gol zdobyty z rzutu karnego


lexentry: eng/penalty_kick__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty kick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzut karny
sense_list:
(soccer) A form of direct free kick, taken from the penalty spot after a defensive foul in the penalty box, with only the goalkeeper defending the goal.


lexentry: eng/penalty_shootout__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty shootout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: seria rzutów karnych
sense_list:
(football, field hockey) A series of penalties (penalty kicks in soccer), taken to decide a winner after a game has resulted in a tie and extra time has been played.


lexentry: eng/penalty_shot__Noun__1
written_rep: penalty shot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzut karny
sense_list:
(ice hockey) A penalty awarded when a team loses a clear scoring opportunity on a breakaway because of a foul committed by an opposing player. A player from the non-offending team is given an attempt to score a goal without opposition from any defending players except the goaltender.


lexentry: eng/penance__Noun__1
written_rep: penance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pokuta
sense_list:
A voluntary self-imposed punishment for a sinful act or wrongdoing. It may be intended to serve as reparation for the act.


lexentry: eng/pencil__Noun__1
written_rep: pencil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ołówek
sense_list:
A writing utensil with a graphite (commonly referred to as lead) shaft, usually blended with clay, clad in wood, and sharpened to a taper. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pencil_lead__Noun__1
written_rep: pencil lead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cera
sense_list:
The material (usually black or dark gray) which allows a pencil to work. Usually a mixture of graphite and smaller amounts of other material, but not actual lead.


lexentry: eng/pencil_pusher__Noun__1
written_rep: pencil pusher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biurokrata | gryzipiórek | urzędas | zarękawek
sense_list:
(informal, often, derogatory) One who does routine office work; someone involved mainly in paperwork.


lexentry: eng/pend__Noun__1
written_rep: pend
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sklepione przejście
sense_list:
(Scotland) An archway; especially, a vaulted passageway leading through a tenement-style building from the main street, giving access to the rear of the building or an internal courtyard. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pendant__Noun__1
written_rep: pendant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wisior | wisiorek | brelok
sense_list:
A piece of jewellery which hangs down as an ornament, especially worn on a chain around the neck. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/pendeloque__Noun__1
written_rep: pendeloque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kapka
sense_list:
(also, attributive) A drop-shaped diamond or other gem used as a pendant; also, a piece of jewellery in pendant form. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/pendentive__Noun__1
written_rep: pendentive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pendentyw
sense_list:
(architecture) The concave triangular sections of vaulting that provide the transition between a dome and the square base on which it is set and transfer the weight of the dome.


lexentry: eng/penduline_tit__Noun__1
written_rep: penduline tit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: remizy
sense_list:
Any of the family of small passerine birds Remizidae, which nearly all make nests which hang from trees; found in Eurasia, Africa, and North America.


lexentry: eng/pendulum__Noun__1
written_rep: pendulum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wahadło
sense_list:
(clocks, mechanics) A body suspended from a fixed support so that it swings freely back and forth under the influence of gravity, commonly used to regulate various devices such as clocks.


lexentry: eng/penguin__Noun__1
written_rep: penguin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pingwin | bezlotek
sense_list:
Any of several flightless sea birds, of the family Spheniscidae within the order Sphenisciformes, found in the Southern Hemisphere, marked by their usual upright stance, walking on short legs, and (generally) their stark black and white plumage. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/penicillin__Noun__1
written_rep: penicillin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: penicylina
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any of a group of narrow-spectrum antibiotics obtained from Penicillium molds or synthesized, that have a beta-lactam structure and are active against gram-positive bacteria and used in the treatment of various infections and diseases.


lexentry: eng/penitente__Noun__1
written_rep: penitente
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: penitent
sense_list:
A tall thin blade of hardened snow or ice, found closely spaced in large quantities at high altitudes.


lexentry: eng/penknife__Noun__1
written_rep: penknife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: nożyk do pióra
sense_list:
(archaic) A small knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds into nibs to provide or repair writing implements, early versions were commonly small sheath knives.


lexentry: eng/penny__Noun__1
written_rep: penny
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pens
sense_list:
(historical) In the United Kingdom and Ireland and many other countries, a unit of currency worth 1⁄240 of a pound sterling or Irish pound before decimalisation, or a copper coin worth this amount. Abbreviation: d.


lexentry: eng/penny_for_your_thoughts__Phrase__1
written_rep: penny for your thoughts
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grosik za twoje myśli
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Used to inquire into the thoughts and feelings of another, especially when the person appears pensive or conflicted.


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__1
written_rep: pension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: emerytura
sense_list:
(finance) An annuity paid regularly as benefit due to a retired employee, serviceman etc. in consideration of past services, originally and chiefly by a government but also by various private pension schemes. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pension__Noun__2
written_rep: pension
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pensjonat
sense_list:
A boarding house or small hotel, especially in continental Europe, which typically offers lodging and certain meals and services. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/pentachoron__Noun__1
written_rep: pentachoron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pięciościan czterowymiarowy
sense_list:
(mathematics) A four-dimensional object analogous to a tetrahedron, constructed out of five tetrahedra.


lexentry: eng/pentagram__Noun__1
written_rep: pentagram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pentagram | gwiazda pitagorejska
sense_list:
The shape of a five-pointed star constructed of five intersecting lines meeting at the vertices, such that a central pentagon and five surrounding isosceles triangles are formed; often with magical connotations; a 5/2 (or 5/3) star polygon.


lexentry: eng/pentakis_dodecahedron__Noun__1
written_rep: pentakis dodecahedron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dwunastościan Pentakisa
sense_list:
(mathematics) A Catalan solid equivalent to a dodecahedron with a pentagonal pyramid covering each face


lexentry: eng/pentalogy__Noun__1
written_rep: pentalogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pentalogia
sense_list:
A set of five works of art that are connected, and that can be seen either as a single work or as five individual works.


lexentry: eng/pentane__Noun__1
written_rep: pentane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pentan
sense_list:
(organic compound) An aliphatic hydrocarbon of chemical formula C5H12; either of the three isomers n-pentane, methylbutane (isopentane), and dimethylpropane (neopentane); volatile liquids under normal conditions.


lexentry: eng/pentanol__Noun__1
written_rep: pentanol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pentanol
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of several isomers of the alcohol C5H11OH; the principal constituents of fusel oil.


lexentry: eng/pentaquark__Noun__1
written_rep: pentaquark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pentakwark
sense_list:
(particle) Any of a class of subatomic particles (previously hypothetical, since detected, subject to confirmation) consisting of a group of five quarks (compared to three quarks in normal baryons and two in mesons), or more specifically four quarks and one antiquark (symbol Θ).


lexentry: eng/pentathlon__Noun__1
written_rep: pentathlon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pięciobój
sense_list:
An ancient athletics discipline, featuring five events: stadion, wrestling, long jump, javelin and discus | (athletics) Ellipsis of women's pentathlon (“a 20th-century athletics discipline for women, the women's counterpart of the men's decathlon, the predecessor to the women's heptathlon, featuring five events: hurdles, shot put, high jump, long jump, and a run”). | (athletics) Ellipsis of modern pentathlon, a discipline with five events based on late-19th century basic military skills.


lexentry: eng/penthouse__Noun__1
written_rep: penthouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przybudówka
sense_list:
(now, historical) A structure or annexe (especially one with a sloping roof) extending from the side of a building, sometimes as protection from the weather. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/pentimento__Noun__1
written_rep: pentimento
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pentimento
sense_list:
(art, literature) The presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work; especially (painting) an image which has been painted over but is still detectable.


lexentry: eng/penultimate__Adjective__1
written_rep: penultimate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedostatni
sense_list:
(UK, in, _, US, _, usually, formal) Next to last, second to last; immediately preceding the end of a sequence, list, etc.


lexentry: eng/penury__Noun__1
written_rep: penury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nędza
sense_list:
(uncountable) Extreme need or want; destitution, poverty; (countable) an instance of this. | (countable, now, chiefly, poetic) Often followed by of: a lack of something; a dearth, a scarcity.


lexentry: eng/peonage__Noun__1
written_rep: peonage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: peonaż
sense_list:
The state of being a peon; the system of paying back debt through servitude and labour; loosely, any system of involuntary servitude.


lexentry: eng/people's__Adjective__1
written_rep: people's
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ludowy | narodowy
sense_list:
In certain socialist states: of, from, or controlled (at least in name) by the common people rather than a ruling elite.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
written_rep: people
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lud | naród
sense_list:
(countable, collective) Persons forming or belonging to a particular group, such as a nation, class, ethnic group, country, family, etc. | The mass of a community as distinguished from a special class (elite); the commonalty; the populace; the vulgar; the common crowd; the citizens.


lexentry: eng/people__Noun__1
written_rep: people
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ludzie | naród
sense_list:
A group of persons regarded as being servants, followers, companions or subjects of a ruler or leader.


lexentry: eng/people_mover__Noun__1
written_rep: people mover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mała kolej automatyczna
sense_list:
A fully automated, grade-separated mass transit system, typically serving a small area such as an airport.


lexentry: eng/people_person__Noun__1
written_rep: people person
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: towarzyska osoba
sense_list:
(idiomatic) One who interacts skilfully with other people and who receives satisfaction from such interaction.


lexentry: eng/people_who_live_in_glass_houses_shouldn't_throw_stones__Proverb__1
written_rep: people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones
part_of_speech: proverb
sense_list: One should not criticize others if one has similar weaknesses.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
nie sądźcie, a nie będziecie sądzeni | źdźbło w oku bliźniego widzisz, a belki w swoim nie dostrzegasz


lexentry: eng/pepo__Noun__1
written_rep: pepo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dynia
sense_list:
A fruit of plants of the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, possessing a hard rind and producing many seeds in a single, central, pulpy chamber.


lexentry: eng/pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pieprz
sense_list:
A plant of the family Piperaceae. | (uncountable) A spice prepared from the fermented, dried, unripe berries of this plant.


lexentry: eng/pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: papryka | chili | papryka ostra
sense_list:
(UK, US, Ireland, and, Canada) A fruit of the capsicum plant: red, green, yellow or white, hollow and containing seeds, and in a wide range of mild (sweet, nonspicy) to hot (spicy) varieties.


lexentry: eng/pepper_mill__Noun__1
written_rep: pepper mill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: młynek do pieprzu
sense_list:
A small handheld grinder containing a supply of peppercorns for grinding fresh at the table or in the kitchen.


lexentry: eng/pepper_shaker__Noun__1
written_rep: pepper shaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pieprzniczka
sense_list:
A small container designed to hold pepper and facilitate sprinkling it on food for seasoning purposes.


lexentry: eng/pepper_tree__Noun__1
written_rep: pepper tree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: drzewo pieprzowe
sense_list:
Any of the South American trees in the genus Schinus, which have small fruits that have been used as a substitute for black pepper.


lexentry: eng/peppermint__Noun__1
written_rep: peppermint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mięta pieprzowa
sense_list:
A hybrid herb of the mint family (Mentha × piperita), formed by crossing watermint and spearmint, which has a high menthol content and a sharp flavor and is used in cooking, especially in herb teas and in confections. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peppermint__Noun__1
written_rep: peppermint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mięta pieprzowa | miętówka
sense_list:
(countable) Any of various sweets containing extract of the peppermint herb; peppermint confectionery. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/peppermint_oil__Noun__1
written_rep: peppermint oil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: olejek miętowy
sense_list:
oil derived from the leaves of the peppermint plant Mentha × piperita, which is used for a number of purposes.


lexentry: eng/pepperoni__Noun__1
written_rep: pepperoni
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pepperoni
sense_list:
A spicy salami-style Italian-American sausage made from cured pork and beef seasoned with pepper. | Pizza with only tomato sauce, cheese and pepperoni toppings.


lexentry: eng/pepperwort__Noun__1
written_rep: pepperwort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pieprzyca
sense_list:
Any of several species of perennial plant in the genus Lepidium (originally specifically dittander, species Lepidium latifolium), which is a member of the mustard and cabbage family. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/pepsin__Noun__1
written_rep: pepsin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pepsyna
sense_list:
(enzyme) A digestive enzyme that chemically digests, or breaks down, proteins into shorter chains of amino acids.


lexentry: eng/peptide__Noun__1
written_rep: peptide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: peptyd
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of a class of organic compounds consisting of various numbers of amino acids in which the amine of one is reacted with the carboxylic acid of the next to form an amide bond.


lexentry: eng/peptide_bond__Noun__1
written_rep: peptide bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiązanie peptydowe
sense_list:
(chemistry) An amide bond formed between the amino and carboxyl functional groups of separate amino acids.


lexentry: eng/per_fess__Adverb__1
written_rep: per fess
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: coupé
sense_list:
(heraldry) (Partitioned) horizontally; (especially) partitioned horizontally into two halves (formally party per fess).


lexentry: eng/per_pale__Adverb__1
written_rep: per pale
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: partia
sense_list:
(heraldry) (Partitioned) vertically; (especially) partitioned vertically into two halves (formally party per pale).


lexentry: eng/percale__Noun__1
written_rep: percale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perkal
sense_list:
(textiles) A fine, closely woven fabric, made from cotton, polyester or a mix of these, and used for sheets and clothing.


lexentry: eng/percent__Noun__1
written_rep: percent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: procent
sense_list:
A percentage, a proportion (especially per hundred). | One part per hundred; one percent, hundredth. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/percentage__Noun__1
written_rep: percentage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: procent
sense_list:
The amount, number or rate of something, regarded as part of a total of 100; a part of a whole. | A share of the sales, profits, gross margin or similar.


lexentry: eng/percentile__Noun__1
written_rep: percentile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: centyl
sense_list:
(statistics) Any of the ninety-nine points that divide an ordered distribution into one hundred parts, each containing one per cent of the population.


lexentry: eng/percontation__Noun__1
written_rep: percontation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ankieta
sense_list:
(formal, rare, or, obsolete) A question which cannot properly be given a one-word answer like “yes” or “no”. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/percussion__Noun__1
written_rep: percussion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: perkusja
sense_list:
(music) The section of an orchestra or band containing percussion instruments; such instruments considered as a group; in bands, may be separate from drum kits.


lexentry: eng/percussion_cap__Noun__1
written_rep: percussion cap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kapiszon
sense_list:
a metal cap found on muzzleloading firearms that contains chemical substances such as fulminate that explode upon impact


lexentry: eng/percussion_instrument__Noun__1
written_rep: percussion instrument
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: instrument perkusyjny
sense_list:
(musical instruments) An instrument in which the sound is produced by striking, scraping or shaking an object.


lexentry: eng/percussionist__Noun__1
written_rep: percussionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perkusista | bębniarz
sense_list:
A trained musician who plays percussion instruments, as opposed to a drummer who lacks formal training.


lexentry: eng/peregrinate__Verb__1
written_rep: peregrinate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podróżować | przemierzać | przemierzyć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To travel from place to place, or from one country to another, especially on foot; hence, to sojourn in foreign countries.


lexentry: eng/peregrination__Noun__1
written_rep: peregrination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: peregrynacja
sense_list:
(countable, chiefly, theology, archaic) A person's life regarded as a temporary stay on earth and a journey to the afterlife. [from late 15th c.] | (uncountable) Broad or systematic discussion of a subject; (countable) an instance of this; a discourse. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peregrination__Noun__1
written_rep: peregrination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: peregrynacja | podróż | wędrówka
sense_list:
(countable) A journey or trip, especially by foot; also (uncountable) journeying, travelling. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/peremptory__Adjective__1
written_rep: peremptory
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: apodyktyczny | dogmatyczny | zdecydowany
sense_list:
Positive in opinion or judgment; absolutely certain, overconfident, unwilling to hear any debate or argument (especially in a pejorative sense); dogmatic.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Adjective__1
written_rep: perennial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: odwieczny
sense_list:
Continuing without cessation or intermission for several years, or for an undetermined or infinite period; neverending or never failing; perpetual, unceasing.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Adjective__1
written_rep: perennial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wieloletni
sense_list:
(botany) Of a plant: active throughout the year, or having a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.


lexentry: eng/perennial__Noun__1
written_rep: perennial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bylina | roślina wieloletnia
sense_list:
(botany) A plant that is active throughout the year, or has a life cycle of more than two growing seasons.


lexentry: eng/perestroika__Noun__1
written_rep: perestroika
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pieriestrojka | pierestrojka
sense_list:
(historical, uncountable) A program of political and economic reform carried out in the Soviet Union in the 1980s and early 1990s under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev.


lexentry: eng/perfect__Adjective__1
written_rep: perfect
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: doskonały
sense_list:
Fitting its definition precisely. | Having all of its parts in harmony with a common purpose. | (obsolete, _, outside set of phrases, of a person) Having thoroughly learned or memorized a lesson; of a lesson: having been thoroughly learned or memorized.


lexentry: eng/perfect_fifth__Noun__1
written_rep: perfect fifth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwinta czysta
sense_list:
(music) An interval equal to that of between the second and third harmonics of the harmonic series. In twelve-tone equal temperament, it spans seven semitones or five degrees of the diatonic scale.


lexentry: eng/perfect_pitch__Noun__1
written_rep: perfect pitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słuch absolutny
sense_list:
(music, uncountable) The ability to identify a note by name on hearing it, or to re-create a specified note from memory, without the benefit of an externally provided reference pitch.


lexentry: eng/perfect_tense__Noun__1
written_rep: perfect tense
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: doskonały
sense_list:
A verb form indicating that an action or state has been completed at the present time, in the past, or shall be completed in the future.


lexentry: eng/perfection__Noun__1
written_rep: perfection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: doskonałość | perfekcja
sense_list:
The quality or state of being perfect or complete, so that nothing substandard remains; the highest attainable state or degree of excellence.


lexentry: eng/perfectionist__Noun__1
written_rep: perfectionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perfekcjonista | perfekcjonistka
sense_list:
Someone who is unwilling to settle for anything that is not perfect or does not meet extremely high standards. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/perfective_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: perfective aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aspekt dokonany
sense_list:
(grammar) A feature of the verb which denotes viewing the event the verb describes as a completed whole, rather than from within the event as it unfolds. For example, "she sat down" as opposed to "she was sitting down". Since the focus is on the completion of what is expressed by the verb, this aspect is generally associated with the past and future tenses. This term is often used interchangeably with aorist aspect. This is not to be confused with the perfect tense.


lexentry: eng/perfidious__Adjective__1
written_rep: perfidious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perfidny
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or representing perfidy; disloyal to what should command one's fidelity or allegiance. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/perform__Verb__1
written_rep: perform
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: wykonać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To do (something) in front of an audience, such as acting or music, often in order to entertain.


lexentry: eng/performance__Noun__1
written_rep: performance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wykonanie
sense_list:
The act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action.


lexentry: eng/performance_art__Noun__1
written_rep: performance art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: performans
sense_list:
(arts) A form of art in which the artist creates a live performance, often using a variety of media.


lexentry: eng/performance_metric__Noun__1
written_rep: performance metric
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kluczowe mierniki dokonań | ﻿kluczowe wskaźniki efektywności
sense_list:
(business) A measurement of performance, often financial performance, either against peers or against a predetermined target.


lexentry: eng/perfume__Noun__1
written_rep: perfume
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perfumy | zapach | woń | aromat
sense_list:
A pleasant smell; the scent, odor, or odoriferous particles emitted from a sweet-smelling substance; a pleasant odor.


lexentry: eng/pergola__Noun__1
written_rep: pergola
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pergola
sense_list:
A framework in the form of a passageway of columns that supports a trelliswork roof; used to support and train climbing plants. | Such a framework employed to provide shade, especially over a patio.


lexentry: eng/periastron__Noun__1
written_rep: periastron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: peryastron
sense_list:
(astronomy) That point of the orbit of a celestial body which is closest to the star around which the body is orbiting.


lexentry: eng/peridotite__Noun__1
written_rep: peridotite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perydotyty
sense_list:
(geology) A rock consisting of small crystals of olivine, pyroxene and hornblende; the major constituent of the Earth's mantle.


lexentry: eng/perigee__Noun__1
written_rep: perigee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perygeum
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is closest to the Earth: the periapsis of an Earth orbiter.


lexentry: eng/perihelion__Noun__1
written_rep: perihelion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: peryhelium
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, etc., where it is nearest to the Sun.


lexentry: eng/perimenopause__Noun__1
written_rep: perimenopause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perimenopauza
sense_list:
The physiological stage that women approaching menopause go through when, due to hormonal changes, they progress from their usual pattern of menstruation through a phase of atypical menstruation, and finally cease menstruating. Perimenopause ends when a woman has not menstruated for a year.


lexentry: eng/perimeter__Noun__1
written_rep: perimeter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obwód
sense_list:
(mathematics) The sum of the distance of all the lengths of the sides of an object. | (mathematics) The length of such a boundary.


lexentry: eng/perineal_raphe__Noun__1
written_rep: perineal raphe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szew krocza
sense_list:
(anatomy) The visible line that extends from the anus, through the mid-line of the scrotum and upwards through the posterior mid-line aspect of the penis


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
written_rep: period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: okres | period
sense_list:
A length of time in history seen as a single coherent entity; an epoch, era. [from 16th c.] | (rhetoric) A complete sentence, especially one expressing a single thought or making a balanced, rhythmic whole. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
written_rep: period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: kropka
sense_list:
(now, chiefly, North America, Philippines) The punctuation mark “.” (indicating the ending of a sentence or marking an abbreviation).


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
written_rep: period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: okres | cykl | period
sense_list:
The length of time during which the same characteristics of a periodic phenomenon recur, such as the repetition of a wave or the rotation of a planet. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
written_rep: period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 15
trans_list: okres
sense_list:
(chemistry) A row in the periodic table of the elements. [from 19th c.] | (music) Two phrases (an antecedent and a consequent phrase).


lexentry: eng/period__Noun__1
written_rep: period
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 16
trans_list: okres | lekcja
sense_list:
(geology) A geochronologic unit of millions to tens of millions of years; a subdivision of an era, and subdivided into epochs.


lexentry: eng/periodic_function__Noun__1
written_rep: periodic function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: funkcja okresowa
sense_list:
(mathematics) Any function whose value repeats after the regular addition of a period to its independent variable; i.e., a function ƒ such that, for some positive constant p, ƒ(x + p) = ƒ(x) for all x.


lexentry: eng/periodic_table__Noun__1
written_rep: periodic table
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: układ okresowy pierwiastków | układ okresowy | tablica Mendelejewa
sense_list:
(chemistry) A tabular chart of the chemical elements according to their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same group (column).


lexentry: eng/periodical__Noun__1
written_rep: periodical
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: periodyk | czasopismo
sense_list:
A regularly issued thematic publication that contains the most current information in its field, often the primary means for communication of original scholarship or creative work at the cutting edge of research in its field.


lexentry: eng/periodontitis__Noun__1
written_rep: periodontitis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: choroby przyzębia
sense_list:
(dentistry, periodontology) A serious form or stage of periodontal disease which may lead to loss of bone and falling out of teeth.


lexentry: eng/peripheral_device__Noun__1
written_rep: peripheral device
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: urządzenie peryferyjne
sense_list:
(computer hardware) An electronic device that is outside the computer's system unit (external to the computer's enclosing case), but used by the computer to which it is connected, such as a printer or a scanner.


lexentry: eng/periplus__Noun__1
written_rep: periplus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opłynięcie
sense_list:
(literature) An account of a voyage, particularly those of Hanno and Arrian, recording ports and coastal landmarks. [1613]


lexentry: eng/periscope__Noun__1
written_rep: periscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: peryskop
sense_list:
A form of viewing device that allows the viewer to see things at a different height level and usually with minimal visibility.


lexentry: eng/perissodactyl__Noun__1
written_rep: perissodactyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieparzystokopytny
sense_list:
Any ungulate mammal with an odd number of toes and belonging to the Perissodactyla, an equid, a tapir, or a rhinoceros.


lexentry: eng/peristalsis__Noun__1
written_rep: peristalsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perystaltyka
sense_list:
(medicine) The rhythmic, wave-like contraction and relaxation of muscles so as to propagate motion, as of food in the digestive tract.


lexentry: eng/peristyle__Noun__1
written_rep: peristyle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: perystyl
sense_list:
A colonnade surrounding a courtyard, temple, etc., or the yard enclosed by such columns. [from 17th c.] | A porch surrounded by columns. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/peritoneal_dialysis__Noun__1
written_rep: peritoneal dialysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dializa otrzewnowa
sense_list:
(medicine) A treatment for patients with severe chronic kidney disease in which fluids are exchanged from the blood in the patient's peritoneum in the abdomen.


lexentry: eng/peritoneum__Noun__1
written_rep: peritoneum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otrzewna
sense_list:
(anatomy) In mammals, the serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and that is folded over the viscera.


lexentry: eng/peritonitis__Noun__1
written_rep: peritonitis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapalenie otrzewnej
sense_list:
(pathology) Inflammation of the peritoneum, especially when caused by an infectious organism introduced into the abdominal cavity.


lexentry: eng/permaculture__Noun__1
written_rep: permaculture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: permakultura
sense_list:
(agriculture) Any system of sustainable agriculture that renews natural resources and enriches local ecosystems. [from 1978]


lexentry: eng/permanent__Noun__1
written_rep: permanent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trwała | trwała ondulacja
sense_list:
A chemical hair treatment imparting or removing curliness, whose effects typically last for a period of weeks; a perm.


lexentry: eng/permanent_magnet__Noun__1
written_rep: permanent magnet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: magnes permanentny
sense_list:
(physics) A material, or piece of such material, which retains its magnetism even when not subjected to any external magnetic fields.


lexentry: eng/permanent_resident__Noun__1
written_rep: permanent resident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stała mieszkanka | stały mieszkaniec
sense_list:
A person with permanent residency, a visa status which allows that person to reside indefinitely in a foreign country without acquiring citizenship in that country.


lexentry: eng/permeable__Adjective__1
written_rep: permeable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przemakalny | przepuszczalny
sense_list:
(by extension) Allowing the passage of persons, information, or other things, especially when such passage occurs despite hopes or expectations otherwise.


