# translation

lexentry: eng/Prussian_blue__Noun__1
written_rep: Prussian blue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: błękit pruski
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) An insoluble dark, bright blue pigment, ferric ferrocyanide (equivalent to ferrous ferricyanide), used in painting and dyeing, and as an antidote for certain kinds of heavy metal poisoning.


lexentry: eng/Prylisne__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Prylisne
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Maniewicze | Przylisne
sense_list:
A village, the administrative centre of Prylisne rural hromada, Kamin-Kashyrskyi Raion, Volyn Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1545.


lexentry: eng/Psyche__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Psyche
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Psyche
sense_list:
(Greco-Roman mythology) The personification of the soul. Originally a mortal princess who later married Eros/Cupid, (the god of love), was deified, and bore him a daughter, Hedone/Voluptas.


lexentry: eng/Ptah__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ptah
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ptah
sense_list:
(Egyptian god) A god of creativity and craftsmen, sometimes also identified with the gods of death and the birth of the sun.


lexentry: eng/Ptolemaic__Adjective__1
written_rep: Ptolemaic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ptolemejski | Ptolemejski | Ptolemeuszowski | Ptolemeuszowy | ptolemeuszowski
sense_list:
(historical) Of or pertaining to the Ptolemy dynasty of pharaohs, the Ptolemies, rulers of Hellenistic Egypt.


lexentry: eng/Puchacze__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Puchacze
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Puchacze
sense_list:
A village in Gmina Międzyrzec Podlaski, Biała County, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland. | A village in Gmina Horyniec-Zdrój, Lubaczów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, part of the neighbouring village of Podemszczyzna until 2024. | A hamlet in the village of Bujnowo, Gmina Wyszki, Lubaczów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland.


lexentry: eng/Puck__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Puck
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Puk
sense_list:
(mythology) A mischievous sprite in Celtic mythology and English folklore. | (astronomy) One of the satellites of the planet Uranus.


lexentry: eng/Pujollyong__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Pujollyong
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Hamgyong
sense_list:
The mountain range between the northern coast of the East Korea Bay and the Kaema Highlands, the southwestern extension of the Hamgyongs.


lexentry: eng/Punch_and_Judy__Noun__1
written_rep: Punch and Judy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: teatr kukiełkowy
sense_list:
A traditional sideshow often found at seaside resorts, consisting of various glove puppets operated by one person in a small tent-style booth theatre.


lexentry: eng/Punjab__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Punjab
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Pendżab
sense_list:
A geographical region of South Asia, divided (by the Radcliffe Line) between India and Pakistan. Pakistani Punjab includes the (West) Punjab Province and parts of the Islamabad Capital Territory; Indian Punjab includes (East) Punjab State and some other territories.


lexentry: eng/Punjabi__Adjective__1
written_rep: Punjabi
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pendżabski
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, descended from the people or culture of the Punjab, or written in the Punjabi language.


lexentry: eng/Punjabi__Noun__1
written_rep: Punjabi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pendżabski | pańdżabi
sense_list:
(uncountable) The main language spoken in the Punjab region, in eastern Pakistan and Northern India.


lexentry: eng/Puppis__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Puppis
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rufa
sense_list:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the stern of a ship. Until 1763, it was part of a larger constellation, Argo Navis.


lexentry: eng/Purgatory__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Purgatory
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czyściec
sense_list:
(Christianity) An intermediate state after death in which some of those ultimately destined for Heaven must first undergo purification.


lexentry: eng/Purim__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Purim
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Purim | Święto Losów
sense_list:
(Judaism) A Jewish festival, celebrated on the 14th day of Adar, commemorating the deliverance of the Persian Jews from a complete massacre at the hand of Haman the Amalekite.


lexentry: eng/Pushkinian__Adjective__1
written_rep: Pushkinian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: puszkinowski
sense_list:
Of or relating to Alexander Pushkin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Пу́шкин, 1799–1837), Russian author of the Romantic era.


lexentry: eng/Puss_in_Boots__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Puss in Boots
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Kot w Butach
sense_list:
A 17th-century French literary fairy tale about a cat who uses trickery and deceit to gain power, wealth, and the hand of a princess in marriage for his penniless and low-born master.


lexentry: eng/Putinesque__Adjective__1
written_rep: Putinesque
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: putinowski
sense_list:
Reminiscent of the beliefs or policies of Vladimir Putin (born 1952), President of Russia since 2012.


lexentry: eng/Putinism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Putinism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: putinizm
sense_list:
(politics) The political policies of Vladimir Putin; the Russian political system during Putin’s tenure in power.


lexentry: eng/Pyrenean_chamois__Noun__1
written_rep: Pyrenean chamois
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kozica
sense_list:
Rupicapra pyrenaica, a goat-antelope that lives in the Pyrenees and the Apennine Mountains of central Italy.


lexentry: eng/Pyrenees__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Pyrenees
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Pireneje
sense_list:
The mountain range separating Spain from France, inhabited by Basques in the west, Occitans in the centre-north, Aragonese in the centre-south, and Catalans in the east.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhic_victory__Noun__1
written_rep: Pyrrhic victory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pyrrusowe zwycięstwo
sense_list:
A very costly victory, wherein the considerable losses outweigh the gain, so as to render the struggle not worth the cost.


lexentry: eng/Pyrrhus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Pyrrhus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Pyrrus
sense_list:
Ancient Greek given name, particularly worn by the king of Epirus (319-272 BC) who defeated Romans in several battles, but sustained heavy losses, from which the term Pyrrhic victory was coined.


lexentry: eng/Pythagorean_theorem__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Pythagorean theorem
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: twierdzenie Pitagorasa
sense_list:
(geometry) A mathematical theorem which states that the square of the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of those of the two other sides.


lexentry: eng/Pythagorean_trigonometric_identity__Noun__1
written_rep: Pythagorean trigonometric identity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jedynka trygonometryczna
sense_list:
(trigonometry) The equality \sin(x)^2 + \cos(x)^2 = 1, holding for all real and complex x, equivalent to the application of the Pythagorean theorem to the unit circle.


lexentry: eng/Python__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Python
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Python
sense_list:
(computing) An interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language invented by Guido van Rossum.


lexentry: eng/Pyxis__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Pyxis
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Kompas
sense_list:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble the compass of a ship. It is associated with the larger Argo Navis, although it was never officially part of that constellation.


lexentry: eng/QAnon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: QAnon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: QAnon
sense_list:
(US politics) An anonymous poster on the Internet message boards 4chan, 8chan and 8kun, claiming to possess Q clearance, who originated a pro-Trump conspiracy theory claiming that Donald Trump is working against a cabal of Satanic, cannibalistic pedophiles comprised of his political opponents. | (US politics) The conspiracy theory originated by this anonymous poster. | (US politics) The movement supporting this conspiracy theory.


lexentry: eng/QRS_complex__Noun__1
written_rep: QRS complex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zespół QRS
sense_list:
(medicine, cardiology) A series of graphical deflections on a typical electrocardiogram that represents the electrical changes generated by the depolarization of the heart ventricles.


lexentry: eng/Qom__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Qom
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: guma
sense_list:
A city in Iran, the seat of Qom County's Central District and the capital of Qom Province, a shrine city and center of Shi'ite seminarian learning.


lexentry: eng/Quaker__Noun__1
written_rep: Quaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwakier
sense_list:
A believer of the Quaker faith and a member of the Society of Friends, known for their pacifist views.


lexentry: eng/Quaker_gun__Noun__1
written_rep: Quaker gun
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: działo kwakrów
sense_list:
(idiomatic, chiefly, US, weaponry, historical) A nonfunctional imitation of a gun or an artillery piece, typically made of wood and usually intended to deceive enemy forces into overestimating one's available firepower.


lexentry: eng/Quaternary__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Quaternary
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czwartorzęd
sense_list:
(geology) The geological period of the Cenozoic Era immediately following the Tertiary. It is subdivided into the Pleistocene and the Holocene Epochs.


lexentry: eng/Quebec__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Quebec
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Quebec
sense_list:
A province in eastern Canada. Capital: Quebec City. Largest city: Montreal. | The capital city of the province of Quebec, Canada.


lexentry: eng/Quidditch__Noun__1
written_rep: Quidditch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: quidditch
sense_list:
A fictional ball game played between two teams of seven players riding flying broomsticks, using four balls and six elevated ring-shaped goals.


lexentry: eng/Quinquagesima__Noun__1
written_rep: Quinquagesima
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pięćdziesiątnica
sense_list:
(Christianity) A moveable feast in the Christian calendar on the Sunday 49 days before Easter Sunday (50 days counting inclusively).


lexentry: eng/REM_sleep__Noun__1
written_rep: REM sleep
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: faza REM
sense_list:
The stage of sleep during which most brain activity and dreams occur, characterised by rapid eye movement (REM).


lexentry: eng/RIP__Interjection__1
written_rep: RIP
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: śp.
sense_list:
Initialism of requiescat in pace, requiescant in pace, or rest in peace (a blessing or expression of hope that a deceased person is at peace).


lexentry: eng/ROI__Noun__1
written_rep: ROI
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ROI
sense_list:
(accounting) Initialism of return on investment. | (imaging) Initialism of region of interest, in digital images, microscopy: in 3-dim-specimen reconstructions by consecutive sectioning. | (military, espionage) Initialism of region of interest.


lexentry: eng/Rabbinic_Judaism__Noun__1
written_rep: Rabbinic Judaism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: judaizm rabiniczny
sense_list:
The mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian Talmud, having its roots in Pharisaic Judaism and based on the belief that Moses at Mount Sinai received two items from God: the written Torah and the oral Torah.


lexentry: eng/Ragnarok__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ragnarok
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ragnarok
sense_list:
(Norse mythology) A series of future events culminating in a battle, fought between the Æsir and einherjar on one side, and the forces of Surtr, Loki, and Loki's children on the other, in which all of creation is burned down and almost all life is extinguished.


lexentry: eng/Rajasthan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rajasthan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Radżastan
sense_list:
A state in northwestern India, created in 1949 and replacing the former province of Rajputana. Capital: Jaipur. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Raków__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Raków
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Raków
sense_list:
A settlement founded in the Sandomierz Voivodeship of Lesser Poland in 1569 as the centre of the Polish Brethren, the site of the Racovian Academy 1602–1638 and of the publication of the Racovian Catechism in 1605; formerly a town until 1869, it is now a village of the Republic of Poland and the seat of the gmina wiejska (rural commune) of the same name. | (fully “Gmina Raków”) A gmina wiejska (rural commune) in Kielce County in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship of the Republic of Poland, with its seat in the village of the same name.


lexentry: eng/Rama__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rama
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rama
sense_list:
(Hinduism) A name of the goddess Lakshmi. | Alternative form of Rāma (“an incarnation of the god Vishnu in Hinduism”). | A river in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and a major tributary of the Neretva.


lexentry: eng/Ramadan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ramadan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ramadan | ramazan
sense_list:
(Islam) The holy ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, during which Muslims fast between the break of dawn until sunset; they also refrain from drinking liquids, smoking and having sexual relations.


lexentry: eng/Randstad__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Randstad
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Randstad
sense_list:
A region, a roughly crescent-shaped conurbation in the Netherlands which includes the four largest cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht, and The Hague) and surrounds the Groene Hart.


lexentry: eng/Rapture__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rapture
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ekstaza
sense_list:
(Christianity) In some forms of fundamentalist Protestant eschatology, a prophesied sudden removal of Christian believers from the Earth before the Tribulation or simultaneous with the second coming of Jesus Christ.


lexentry: eng/Rapunzel__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rapunzel
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Roszpunka
sense_list:
A German fairy tale about a girl imprisoned in a tower who lets down her long hair for a rescuer to climb. | The fictional girl who is the protagonist and title character of the fairy tale.


lexentry: eng/Rastafarianism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rastafarianism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rastafarianizm | ruch Rastafari
sense_list:
A religion that emerged in Jamaica in the 1930s out of biblical prophecy and rising black aspirations.


lexentry: eng/Ravenna__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ravenna
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rawenna
sense_list:
A province in the region of Emilia-Romagna, in northern Italy. | A coastal city, the present-day capital of the province of Ravenna. | A city, the county seat of Portage County, Ohio, United States, named after the Italian city.


lexentry: eng/Raëlism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Raëlism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: raelizm
sense_list:
A UFO religion with liberal sexual views, holding that all life on Earth was created in scientific laboratories by extraterrestrials.


lexentry: eng/Reaganomics__Noun__1
written_rep: Reaganomics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reaganomika
sense_list:
The neoliberal, free market economic ideas and policies of the American president Ronald Reagan (1911–2004) and his two administrations (1981–1989), with a focus on reduced government spending, taxation, and regulations (supply-side economics) and granting potential benefits and encouragement to wealthy people and businesses in particular to drive the rest of the economy (trickle-down hypothesis).


lexentry: eng/Red_Cross__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Red Cross
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Czerwony Krzyż
sense_list:
(with the) An international humanitarian organization that cares for the wounded, sick, and homeless. | (with the) The symbol of this organization. | An unincorporated community in Kentucky. | A town in North Carolina.


lexentry: eng/Red_Queen_hypothesis__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Red Queen hypothesis
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hipoteza Czerwonej Królowej
sense_list:
(evolutionary theory) An evolutionary hypothesis which proposes that organisms must constantly adapt, evolve, and proliferate not merely to gain reproductive advantage, but also simply to survive while pitted against other evolving organisms in an ever-changing environment.


lexentry: eng/Red_Sea__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Red Sea
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Morze Czerwone
sense_list:
A long, narrow sea between Africa and the Arabian Peninsula; links the Suez Canal with the Arabian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Reform_Judaism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Reform Judaism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: judaizm reformowany
sense_list:
(Judaism) A movement in Judaism, characterized by the loosening of the strictures of much of traditional Jewish law that is seen as irrelevant to modern society, and by the shortening, simplification, and translation to the vernacular of Jewish ritual.


lexentry: eng/Reformation__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Reformation
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: reformacja
sense_list:
(historical) The religious movement initiated in the 16th century against the Roman Catholic Church.


lexentry: eng/Regensburg__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Regensburg
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ratyzbona
sense_list:
An independent city, the administrative seat of the Upper Palatinate region, on the River Danube in Bavaria, Germany; also called Ratisbon.


lexentry: eng/Rehoboam__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rehoboam
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Roboam
sense_list:
King of Israel after Solomon, whose folly split the kingdom in two; the father of Abijah (biblical character)


lexentry: eng/Reichstag__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Reichstag
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Reichstag | Sejm Rzeszy
sense_list:
(historical) The lower chamber of the federal parliament of Germany until 1945; the building that housed it.


lexentry: eng/Renaissance__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Renaissance
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: renesans | Odrodzenie | Renesans | odrodzenie
sense_list:
(historical) The 14th-century revival of classical art, architecture, literature and learning that originated in Italy and spread throughout Europe over the following two centuries. | The period of this revival, typically lasting from the late 14th to the late 16th centuries; the transition from medieval to modern times.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Armenia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Republic of Armenia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Republika Armenii
sense_list:
Official name of Armenia: a country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe. [20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_China__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Republic of China
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Republika Chińska
sense_list:
Official name of Taiwan: a partly-recognized country in East Asia; the rump state left over from the Republic of China on the mainland after 1949.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Cyprus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Republic of Cyprus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Republika Cypryjska
sense_list:
Official name of Cyprus: an island country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of West Asia.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Letters__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Republic of Letters
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Republika listów | Rzeczpospolita uczonych
sense_list:
(historical) The intellectual community in the late 17th and 18th centuries in Europe and the Americas, exchanging ideas by circulating handwritten letters.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Republic of Macedonia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Republika Macedonii
sense_list:
(historical) Former official name of North Macedonia: a country in Southeast Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Republic_of_Maldives__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Republic of Maldives
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Republika Malediwów
sense_list:
Official name of the Maldives: an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India.


lexentry: eng/Republican__Noun__1
written_rep: Republican
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: republikanin
sense_list:
(US politics) A member or supporter of the Republican Party, the more right-wing of the two main political parties in the United States.


lexentry: eng/Reticulum__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Reticulum
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sieć
sense_list:
(constellation) A small constellation of the southern summer sky, said to resemble a reticle. It lies between the constellations of Horologium and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Reuben__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Reuben
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ruben
sense_list:
(biblical character) First son of Jacob, by his wife Leah. | A surname transferred from the given name


lexentry: eng/Reynold__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Reynold
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Reginald
sense_list:
A en given name, today more popular in the forms Reginald and Ronald. Modern use is partly transferred from the surname.


lexentry: eng/Rhaeto-Romance__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rhaeto-Romance
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: retoromański | retycki
sense_list:
(linguistics) A group of related Romance languages spoken in north and north-eastern Italy and southeastern Switzerland, or any of these languages individually. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Rhea__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rhea
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rea | Reja
sense_list:
(Greek god) A Titan, the daughter of Uranus and Gaia, the mother of Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Poseidon, and Zeus. | (astronomy) Saturn V, one of the moons of Saturn.


lexentry: eng/Rhesus_factor__Noun__1
written_rep: Rhesus factor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czynnik Rh
sense_list:
An antigen of the Rhesus system; understood unless otherwise specified to refer to Rhesus factor D (RhD), which appears on the surface of the red blood cells of most (85%) humans. An incompatibility between the Rh-blood types of a mother and her baby may cause serious disease for the baby.


lexentry: eng/Rhine__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rhine
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ren
sense_list:
A major river in western Europe, which flows through Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Germany, France and the Netherlands, before emptying into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Rhineland__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rhineland
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Nadrenia
sense_list:
(usually, with the definite article) An area on both sides of the river Rhine, in the west of Germany. Roughly equivalent to the former Prussian Rhine Province, now the greater part of Rhineland-Palatinate plus the south-western half of North Rhine-Westphalia.


lexentry: eng/Rhodesia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rhodesia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Rodezja
sense_list:
(historical) A historical region of Southern Africa, the area now occupied by Zimbabwe and Zambia. [used from 1895 to 1964]


lexentry: eng/Rhodopes__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rhodopes
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rodopy
sense_list:
A mountain range in Southeastern Europe, with over 83% of its area in southern Bulgaria and the remainder in Greece.


lexentry: eng/Richard's_pipit__Noun__1
written_rep: Richard's pipit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: świergotek szponiasty
sense_list:
Anthus richardi, a medium-sized passerine bird which breeds in open grasslands in the East Palearctic.


lexentry: eng/Richter_scale__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Richter scale
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skala Richtera
sense_list:
(seismology) A logarithmic scale used to express the energy released by an earthquake, each increase of 1 representing a 31-fold increase in energy, and a 10-fold increase in the measured wave amplitude.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_hypothesis__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Riemann hypothesis
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hipoteza Riemanna
sense_list:
(mathematics, analysis, number theory) The conjecture that the zeros of the Riemann zeta function exist only at the negative even integers and certain complex numbers whose real part is ½.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_integral__Noun__1
written_rep: Riemann integral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: całka Riemanna
sense_list:
(analysis) A type of integral whose computation involves dividing the interval of integration into smaller sub-intervals, summing sample values of the integrand inside those sub-intervals multiplied by their lengths, and letting the number of sub-intervals tend to infinity.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_space__Noun__1
written_rep: Riemann space
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestrzeń Riemanna | rozmaitość riemannowska
sense_list:
(mathematics) A subset of Euclidean space in which tensors are used to describe distance, angle, and curvature


lexentry: eng/Riemann_sphere__Noun__1
written_rep: Riemann sphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sfera Riemanna
sense_list:
(topology, complex analysis) The complex numbers extended with the number ∞; the complex plane (representation of the complex numbers as a Euclidean plane) extended with a single idealised point at infinity and consequently homeomorphic to a sphere in 3-dimensional Euclidean space. | (topology, complex analysis) The 2-sphere embedded in Euclidean three-dimensional space and often represented as a unit sphere, regarded as a homeomorphic representation of the extended complex plane and thus the extended complex numbers.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_sum__Noun__1
written_rep: Riemann sum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: suma Riemanna
sense_list:
(mathematics) A certain kind of approximation of an integral by a finite sum that is calculated by dividing the interval of integration into smaller sub-intervals and summing sample values of the integrand inside those sub-intervals multiplied by their lengths.


lexentry: eng/Riemann_zeta_function__Noun__1
written_rep: Riemann zeta function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: funkcja dzeta Riemanna
sense_list:
(number theory, analytic number theory, uncountable) The function ζ defined by the Dirichlet series \textstyle \zeta(s)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac 1 {n^s} = \frac1{1^s} + \frac1{2^s} + \frac1{3^s} + \frac1{4^s} + \cdots, which is summable for points s in the complex half-plane with real part > 1; the analytic continuation of said function, being a holomorphic function defined on the complex numbers with pole at 1.


lexentry: eng/Riemannian_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: Riemannian geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: geometria riemannowska
sense_list:
(mathematics, geometry) The branch of differential geometry that concerns Riemannian manifolds; an example of a geometry that involves Riemannian manifolds.


lexentry: eng/Riemannian_manifold__Noun__1
written_rep: Riemannian manifold
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestrzeń Riemanna | rozmaitość riemannowska
sense_list:
(differential geometry, Riemannian geometry) A real, smooth differentiable manifold whose each point has a tangent space equipped with a positive-definite inner product;(more formally) an ordered pair (M, g), where M is a real, smooth differentiable manifold and g its Riemannian metric.


lexentry: eng/Rigel__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rigel
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rigel
sense_list:
(star) A blue supergiant star in the constellation Orion; Beta (β) Orionis. The seventh brightest star in the night sky.


lexentry: eng/Riksmål__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Riksmål
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: riksmål
sense_list:
A conservative variety of Bokmål that is closer to Danish, sometimes using unofficial spellings that have been removed from standard Bokmål.


lexentry: eng/Ring_of_Fire__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ring of Fire
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pierścień ognia
sense_list:
(geology, volcanology) An area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity, around the Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Rio_Grande__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rio Grande
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rio Grande
sense_list:
A major river in the United States and Mexico, starting in Colorado, flowing through New Mexico, and forming the boundary between Texas and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas for most of its length.


lexentry: eng/Rio_de_Janeiro__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rio de Janeiro
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rio de Janeiro
sense_list:
A state of the Southeast Region, Brazil. Capital: Rio de Janeiro. | A municipality, the state capital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; the former capital of Brazil.


lexentry: eng/Ripuarian__Adjective__1
written_rep: Ripuarian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rypuarski
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to the Ripuarian people or (one of) its members or descendants. | Of or pertaining to one, all, or any of the Ripuarian dialects. | Of or pertaining to a Ripuarian speaker or speakers.


lexentry: eng/Ripuarian__Noun__1
written_rep: Ripuarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Frank rypuarski
sense_list:
(historical) Any of the Ripuarian tribal section of the Frank people (comprising several tribes), who after some migration inhabited this region, as opposed to the Salian branch.


lexentry: eng/Ripuarian__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ripuarian
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dialekt rypuarski
sense_list:
A West Central German dialect group, spoken in the northern Rhineland (including the cities of Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf and Aachen), as well as parts of German-speaking Belgium and south-eastern Limburg (Netherlands); linguistically, the least affected by the consonant shift of all High German dialects


lexentry: eng/Robin_Hood__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Robin Hood
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Robin Hood
sense_list:
A legendary English outlaw famous for his skill in archery and his vow to defend the poor and the oppressed against established authority.


lexentry: eng/Roblox__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Roblox
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Roblox
sense_list:
A massively multiplayer online game and creation system platform (introduced in 2004) in which users design and play video games.


lexentry: eng/Rolls-Royce__Noun__1
written_rep: Rolls-Royce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: merc
sense_list:
(chiefly, British, informal) Anything that is the best of its type; the best quality product possible.


lexentry: eng/Rom__Noun__1
written_rep: Rom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cygan | Cyganka | Rom | Romka
sense_list:
A member of the Romani people. | (in particular) A male member of the Romani people who is married and considered respectable amongst the family.


lexentry: eng/Roman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Roman Empire
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cesarstwo Rzymskie | Imperium Rzymskie
sense_list:
(historical) An ancient empire based out of Rome, which succeeded the Roman Republic and existed between 27 B.C.E. and 476 C.E. in the west (and until 1453 C.E. in the east; see Byzantine Empire), encompassing vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa, stretching from Britain and Germany to Spain, North Africa and the Persian Gulf. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Roman_mile__Noun__1
written_rep: Roman mile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mila
sense_list:
An ancient Roman unit of itinerant distance of 1000 paces (mille passus, hence also "mile" from Latin mille, "1000"). Indirectly standardized to 5000 Roman feet by Agrippa in 29 BC. In modern times, Agrippa's Imperial Roman mile is empirically estimated to have been around 1481 meters (1620 yards, 4860 English feet, 0.92 English miles); compared with a modern mile, which is 5280 feet.


lexentry: eng/Roman_road__Noun__1
written_rep: Roman road
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: droga rzymska
sense_list:
(historical) Any of many roads built in Europe, including Britain, by the Ancient Romans, many of which survive in various forms.


lexentry: eng/Romance__Adjective__1
written_rep: Romance
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: romański
sense_list:
Of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin: French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Galician, Romanian, Catalan, Occitan, etc.


lexentry: eng/Romanesque__Adjective__1
written_rep: Romanesque
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: romański
sense_list:
Somewhat resembling the Romans; applied sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman Empire, but especially to the more developed art and architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the 12th.


lexentry: eng/Romani__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Romani
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: język cygański | język romski | romani
sense_list:
The Indo-Aryan lect of the Roma people, or one of its sublects (such as Roma, Sinti, Romanichal, etc), closely related to Hindi and Rajasthani.


lexentry: eng/Romani_studies__Noun__1
written_rep: Romani studies
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cyganologia | romistyka | romologia
sense_list:
(humanities) A field of study concerned with the culture, history and language of the Romani people.


lexentry: eng/Romanian_deadlift__Noun__1
written_rep: Romanian deadlift
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rumuński martwy ciąg
sense_list:
(weightlifting) A form of deadlift in which the body is bent at the hips and the knees are not bent.


lexentry: eng/Romanization__Noun__1
written_rep: Romanization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: romanizacja | latynizacja
sense_list:
(usually, uncountable) The act or process of putting text into the Latin (Roman) alphabet, by means such as transliteration and transcription.


lexentry: eng/Romanoff__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Romanoff
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Romanow
sense_list:
A dynasty that ruled the Russian Empire | An aristocratic house that formed a ruling dynasty of Russia


lexentry: eng/Romans__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Romans
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: List do Rzymian
sense_list:
(biblical) The sixth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle of St Paul to the Christians in Rome. | The 30th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an.


lexentry: eng/Romansch__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Romansch
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: romansz
sense_list:
(strict sense) A Rhaeto-Romance language (or dialect continuum) spoken in the Graubünden/Grisons canton of Switzerland; it is one of the four official languages of Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Romanticism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Romanticism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: romantyzm
sense_list:
(arts, music) An artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, peaking from 1800 to 1850, characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical.


lexentry: eng/Rome__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rome
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rzym
sense_list:
A major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire. | (historical) An ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Romeo__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Romeo
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Romeo
sense_list:
(fiction) One of the main characters of Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare: the ardent lover of Juliet.


lexentry: eng/Rorschach_test__Noun__1
written_rep: Rorschach test
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: test Rorschacha | test plam atramentowych
sense_list:
(psychology) A method of psychological evaluation that uses a person's interpretations of inkblots or similar images to discover information concerning his or her personality, emotional functioning, or unconscious mind.


lexentry: eng/Rosetta_Stone__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rosetta Stone
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Kamień z Rosetty
sense_list:
A large inscribed stone found near Rosetta, Egypt, in 1799, later used as a basis for understanding many previously undecipherable examples of hieroglyphic writing.


lexentry: eng/Rosh_Hashanah__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rosh Hashanah
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rosz ha-Szana | Święto Trąbek
sense_list:
(Judaism) The Jewish holiday marking the start of the liturgical year, taking place on the first two days of Tishrei, 163 days after the first day of Passover.


lexentry: eng/Ross's_gull__Noun__1
written_rep: Ross's gull
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mewa różowa
sense_list:
Rhodostethia rosea, a small gull breeding in the high Arctic of northernmost North America, and northeast Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Rouen__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rouen
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rouen
sense_list:
The prefecture of the department of Seine-Maritime, and the capital of the region of Normandy, France, on the Seine River.


lexentry: eng/Round_Table__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Round Table
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Okrągły Stół
sense_list:
(Arthurian legend) King Arthur's table in the Arthurian legend, around which he and his knights congregate, all having equal status since the table has no head.


lexentry: eng/Rtveli__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rtveli
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rtveli
sense_list:
A Georgian grape harvesting (vintage) festival, usually in autumn, that involves the entire process of picking grapes, making wine, and celebrating with a large, communal feast.


lexentry: eng/Rubicon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rubicon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rubikon
sense_list:
(historical) A small river in northeastern Italy which flowed into the Adriatic Sea marking the boundary between the Roman province of Gaul and the Roman heartland. Its crossing by Julius Caesar in 49 B.C.E. began a civil war.


lexentry: eng/Rubik's_cube__Noun__1
written_rep: Rubik's cube
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kostka Rubika
sense_list:
A mechanical puzzle in the shape of a cube, all sides able to be rotated, each side divided into 9 squares, the moving pieces allowing the cube to be rearranged. The goal is to get the colored squares aligned so that each side of the cube is the same color.


lexentry: eng/Rudolph_the_Red-Nosed_Reindeer__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rudolf Czerwononosy
sense_list:
A legendary reindeer with a nose that glows red, the subject of a comic Christmas song; often added among Santa Claus's reindeer as the leading one.


lexentry: eng/Rumpelstiltskin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rumpelstiltskin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Hałasik
sense_list:
A fairy tale about a dwarf who saves the miller’s daughter by spinning straw into gold in exchange for her first-born child, but is foiled when she guesses his name.


lexentry: eng/Rus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ruś
sense_list:
A people made up of Scandinavian warrior merchants who travelled Eastern European river-roads from the eighth century, and whose settlements around Novgorod, Kiev/Kyiv and the Volga and Dnieper/Dnipro gave rise to the Rus' principalities. [from 19th c.] | Kievan Rus, the medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev. | Any of the medieval East Slavic principalities ruled by this class, especially Kievan Rus.


lexentry: eng/Ruscism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ruscism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: raszyzm
sense_list:
(politics, neologism, slang, derogatory) Russian fascism, Russianism, Great Russian chauvinism; the ideology of Russia, seen as fascism or as fascist.


lexentry: eng/Russell's_paradox__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Russell's paradox
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paradoks Russella
sense_list:
(set theory) The paradox that a set defined to contain all sets which do not contain themselves can neither consistently contain itself nor not contain itself.


lexentry: eng/Russia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Russia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rosja | Moskwa
sense_list:
A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia. Official name: Russian Federation. Capital and largest city: Moscow. It borders the Pacific and Arctic Oceans and the Baltic, Black, and Caspian Seas. Part of the Soviet Union from 1917 through 1991.


lexentry: eng/Russia_leather__Noun__1
written_rep: Russia leather
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jucht
sense_list:
A form of bark-tanned cow leather, made hard-wearing, flexible, and waterproof with the use of birch oil.


lexentry: eng/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rosyjska Federacyjna Socjalistyczna Republika Radziecka
sense_list:
The official name for modern-day Russia under the Communist Party from 1936 to 1991 (from 1918 to 1937, according to the Constitution of the RSFSR, called the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic). Part of the USSR from 1922 to 1991.


lexentry: eng/Russian__Noun__1
written_rep: Russian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Rosjanin | Rosjanka
sense_list:
(countable) An ethnic Russian; a member of the East Slavic ethnic group which is native to, and constitutes the majority of the population of, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Russian_roulette__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Russian roulette
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rosyjska ruletka
sense_list:
(idiomatic, games) A deadly game in which a person loads a single bullet in the cylinder of a revolver, spins the cylinder so that the bullet's location is unknown, points the muzzle at his/her head, and pulls the trigger. In its most lethal form, played by multiple participants each of whom takes a turn until the weapon discharges.


lexentry: eng/Russian_studies__Noun__1
written_rep: Russian studies
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rusycystyka
sense_list:
(humanities) An academic discipline that includes the study of literatures written in the Russian language, Russian linguistics, and Russian sociolinguistics.


lexentry: eng/Russianism__Noun__1
written_rep: Russianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rusycyzm
sense_list:
(countable) A word or other feature originating in the Russian language that has been borrowed by another language.


lexentry: eng/Russophobia__Noun__1
written_rep: Russophobia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rusofobia
sense_list:
Contempt or hatred towards Russia or Russians, especially the political system, or the customs of the former Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/Rust_Belt__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rust Belt
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pas rdzy
sense_list:
(informal) A region straddling the Northeastern and East North Central United States that has undergone economic decline and population loss due to the shrinking of its once powerful industrial sector.


lexentry: eng/Rusyn__Noun__1
written_rep: Rusyn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rusin | Rusnak | Ruśniak
sense_list:
A member of a people living in the eastern Carpathian Mountains, in part of western Ukraine, south-eastern Poland and north-eastern Slovakia.


lexentry: eng/Rusyn__Noun__1
written_rep: Rusyn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Rusin | Rusinka
sense_list:
(archaic) An ethnonym for East Slavic people - any of Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian, an inhabitant of Kievan Rus, Muscovy, etc., an Orthodox, East Slavic inhabitant of Rzeczpospolita.


lexentry: eng/Ruthenia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ruthenia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ruś
sense_list:
The territory between Central and Eastern Europe inhabited by Rusyns, on the slopes of the Carpathian Mountains in parts of Ukraine, Poland and Slovakia. | (historical) Lands inhabited by Ukrainians (Ruthenians) of the former Austrian Empire kingdom of Galicia (1772–1918), corresponding to parts of Western Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Ruy_Lopez__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ruy Lopez
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: partia hiszpańska
sense_list:
(chess) A common chess opening, an Open Game characterized by the moves 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5, in which White moves king's bishop to the fifth rank.


lexentry: eng/Réunion__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Réunion
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Reunion
sense_list:
An island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar.


lexentry: eng/Rügen__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Rügen
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rugia
sense_list:
An island of the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, located in the Baltic Sea; the largest island of Germany.


lexentry: eng/Rüppell's_fox__Noun__1
written_rep: Rüppell's fox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lis piaskowy
sense_list:
A fox species (Vulpes rueppellii) living in desert and semi-desert regions of North Africa, the Middle East, and southwestern Asia.


lexentry: eng/S-train__Noun__1
written_rep: S-train
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szybka kolej miejska
sense_list:
(chiefly in German-speaking countries and Copenhagen, Denmark) A commuter rail/metro system (generally overground) serving a metropolitan area; a train in such a system.


lexentry: eng/SIM_card__Noun__1
written_rep: SIM card
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karta SIM
sense_list:
A small, removable card smaller than a credit card which stores mobile phone data such as contact names and numbers, SMSs and security information.


lexentry: eng/SNAFU__Noun__1
written_rep: SNAFU
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bajer | bałagan | burdel | rozpierducha | sajgon
sense_list:
A confused, muddled, or messed-up condition or state; a ridiculously chaotic situation; confusion or chaos regarded as the normal state.


lexentry: eng/SW__Noun__1
written_rep: SW
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: PZ
sense_list:
Initialism of southwest. | Initialism of search warrant. | Initialism of sex work. | Initialism of sex worker. | (electronics) Initialism of short wave. | Initialism of social work. | Abbreviation of software. | Initialism of start weight. | Initialism of street workout.


lexentry: eng/Saba__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saba
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saba
sense_list:
An island, dependent territory, and special municipality of the Netherlands in the Caribbean, in the southern part off the west coast of Venezuela.


lexentry: eng/Sabah__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sabah
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: makrela
sense_list:
A state in eastern Malaysia located at the Northern part of the Borneo island with the main city Kota Kinabalu as its capital.


lexentry: eng/Sachertorte__Noun__1
written_rep: Sachertorte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tort Sachera
sense_list:
A torte made of butter, eggs, confectioner's sugar, toasted breadcrumbs, spices, and chocolate, which is baked in layers, put together with apricot jam and finally frosted with chocolate.


lexentry: eng/Sadducee__Noun__1
written_rep: Sadducee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saduceusz
sense_list:
(historical) A member of an ancient Jewish sect possibly formed as a political party in the 2nd century BCE and existing until around the 1st century CE.


lexentry: eng/Sagitta__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sagitta
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Strzała
sense_list:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble an arrow. It lies between the constellations of Vulpecula and Aquila.


lexentry: eng/Sagittarius__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sagittarius
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Strzelec
sense_list:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a centaur who is an archer. It contains the stars Kaus Australis and Nunki. | (astrology) The zodiac sign for the archer, ruled by Jupiter and covering November 23 - December 21 (tropical astrology) or December 16 - January 14 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Saigon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saigon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sajgon
sense_list:
(historical, or, informal) The former name of Ho Chi Minh City, the largest city in Vietnam; the former capital of South Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Barbara__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saint Barbara
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Święta Barbara
sense_list:
The patron of armourers, military engineers, gunsmiths, miners and anyone else who worked with cannon and explosives.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Helena__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saint Helena
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Święta Helena
sense_list:
(Christianity) A saint: the mother of the emperor Constantine the Great. | An island and constituent part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, located in the South Atlantic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saint Kitts and Nevis
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saint Kitts i Nevis | Saint Christopher i Nevis
sense_list:
A country comprising the islands of Saint Kitts and Nevis in the Caribbean. Official name: Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Louis__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saint Louis
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saint Louis
sense_list:
A city in eastern Missouri, United States, near the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers and formerly important in the United States' westward expansion.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Martin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saint Martin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saint-Martin
sense_list:
An island in the northeast of the Caribbean Sea, whose northern portion is a dependent territory and overseas collectivity of France and whose southern portion is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Michael__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saint Michael
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Święty Michał
sense_list:
Ellipsis of Town of Saint Michael, former name of Bridgetown: a city in Saint Michael parish, Barbados.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Nicholas__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saint Nicholas
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Święty Mikołaj
sense_list:
(Christianity) A 4th-century Greek bishop from Myra, Anatolia, patron saint of children, mariners and the unwed among others, functioning in multiple countries as a gift-giving figure around his feast day of December 6.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Valentine's_Day__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saint Valentine's Day
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: walentynki | święto zakochanych
sense_list:
A holiday in remembrance of Saint Valentine, February 14th, celebrated by sending cards or similar tokens of love.


lexentry: eng/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saint Vincent i Grenadyny
sense_list:
An archipelago and country in the Caribbean, comprising the islands of Saint Vincent and the island chain of the Grenadines.


lexentry: eng/Saladin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saladin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saladyn
sense_list:
(history) First sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, who led the Muslim opposition to the European Crusaders in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/Salafism__Noun__1
written_rep: Salafism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: salafizm
sense_list:
(Islam) A movement comparing itself to Sunni Islam, claiming to taking the pious ancestors, the salaf of the patristic period of early Islam, as exemplary models.


lexentry: eng/Salamanca__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Salamanca
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Salamanka
sense_list:
A city in Castile and León, western Spain, capital of the province of Salamanca. | A province in Castile and León.


lexentry: eng/Salamis__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Salamis
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Salamina
sense_list:
The largest island in the Saronic Gulf, near Athens, Greece, where a famous battle in the Persian Wars took place.


lexentry: eng/Salekhard__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Salekhard
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Salechard
sense_list:
A town, the administrative center of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Yamalia), Russia, located on the Arctic Circle and the Ob Region.


lexentry: eng/Salvation_Army__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Salvation Army
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Armia Zbawienia
sense_list:
A Protestant Christian church and an international charitable organisation structured in a quasi-military fashion, originally founded to help the poor of London.


lexentry: eng/Salzburg__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Salzburg
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Salzburg
sense_list:
The present federal state of Austria surrounding the city. | (historical) The former sovereign archbishopric surrounding the city.


lexentry: eng/Samara__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samara
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Samara
sense_list:
A city, the administrative center of Samara Oblast, Russia, the sixth-largest in the country by population. | A tributary of the Volga in Russia, which meets the Volga at the city of the same name.


lexentry: eng/Samaria__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samaria
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Samaria
sense_list:
(historical) An ancient region of the region of Palestine, mostly in the northern part of the modern West Bank.


lexentry: eng/Samaritan__Noun__1
written_rep: Samaritan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Samarytanin | Samarytanka
sense_list:
A native, or inhabitant of Samaria; especially one practising certain ethnoreligious traditions indigenous to that region.


lexentry: eng/Samaritanism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samaritanism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samarytanizm
sense_list:
The religion of the Samaritan people, tracing its origin to the Hebrew people of the ancient Middle East following their avoidance of the Babylonian captivity in the 6th century BCE.


lexentry: eng/Samarkand__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samarkand
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Samarkanda
sense_list:
The regional capital of the Samarkand region, Uzbekistan. Official name: Samarqand. | A region of Uzbekistan.


lexentry: eng/Samhain__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samhain
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Samhain
sense_list:
A holiday, falling on the night of 31 October to 1 November, celebrated by the ancient Celts and by modern neo-pagans as the beginning of winter and the new year, and a time during which the spirits of the dead could return to the earth.


lexentry: eng/Samland__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samland
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sambia
sense_list:
A peninsula, situated in what was historically East Prussia and is now the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia, which juts out into the Baltic, and from which the Vistula Spit (enclosing the Vistula Lagoon) and Curonian Spit (enclosing the Curonian Lagoon) extend.


lexentry: eng/Samoa__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samoa
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Samoa
sense_list:
A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania. Official name: Independent State of Samoa. Capital and largest city: Apia. Formerly Western Samoa, and, before that, German Samoa. It is distinct from American Samoa.


lexentry: eng/Samos__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samos
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Samos
sense_list:
An island belonging to the Sporades and a city on it, in the Aegean. | A modern Greek prefecture in the eastern part of the Aegean that includes the island along with the islands of Icaria and Fourni.


lexentry: eng/Samoyed__Noun__1
written_rep: Samoyed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Samojedź
sense_list:
(anthropology) A member of the Samoyedic peoples of the Siberian Urals, who speak Samoyedic languages. | (zoology) A hardy breed of dog from Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Samson__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samson
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Samson
sense_list:
(biblical character) An Israelite judge in the Old Testament who performed feats of strength against the Philistines but was betrayed by Delilah his mistress. | An English surname derived from the given name, or from Samuel + son.


lexentry: eng/Samuel__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Samuel
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Samuel | Księga Samuela
sense_list:
A en given name. | (biblical figure) The primary author and central character of the first book of Samuel.


lexentry: eng/San_Marino__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: San Marino
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: San Marino
sense_list:
A landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy. Official name: Republic of San Marino. | The capital city of San Marino.


lexentry: eng/San_Salvador__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: San Salvador
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: San Salvador
sense_list:
(historical) A former province of El Salvador of the Spanish Empire and then of the United Provinces of Central America.


lexentry: eng/San_Sebastián__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: San Sebastián
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: San Sebastian | San Sebastián
sense_list:
A coastal city and municipality, the capital of the province of Gipuzkoa in the Basque Country, northern Spain. Official name: Donostia / San Sebastián.


lexentry: eng/Sanskrit__Noun__1
written_rep: Sanskrit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sanskryt
sense_list:
A classical Indo-European language of South Asia, which is the liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism.


lexentry: eng/Sanskritize__Verb__1
written_rep: Sanskritize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sanskrytyzować | zsanskrytyzować
sense_list:
(transitive, linguistics) To render a non-Sanskrit text, word, etc., in a form characteristic of Sanskrit morphology or phonology. | (transitive, linguistics) To influence a non-Sanskrit language by Sanskritic vocabulary. | (transitive, South Asia, Southeast Asia) To emulate rituals and practices of upper classes so as to gain upward social mobility.


lexentry: eng/Sanskritized__Adjective__1
written_rep: Sanskritized
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zsanskrytyzowany
sense_list:
(American spelling, Oxford British spelling, linguistics) Of a non-Sanskrit text, word, etc.: rendered in a form characteristic of Sanskrit morphology or phonology.


lexentry: eng/Santo_Domingo__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Santo Domingo
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Santo Domingo
sense_list:
(historical) The Spanish-colonized portion of the island of Hispaniola, which later became the Dominican Republic, especially as contrasted with Saint-Domingue, the French-controlled portion.


lexentry: eng/Sappho__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sappho
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Safona
sense_list:
An Ancient Greek female name, particularly borne by a poetess from Lesbos who lived between 630 and 570 BC (exact dates unknown).


lexentry: eng/Saracen__Noun__1
written_rep: Saracen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saracen
sense_list:
A member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE, who were specifically distinct from Arabs. | (dated) A Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades.


lexentry: eng/Sarandë__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sarandë
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saranda
sense_list:
A coastal town in extreme southern Albania that is an important tourist attraction due to its coastal access and Mediterranean climate, located at the southern end of the Albanian Riviera on a slope by a gulf of the Ionian Sea 14 km east of the island of Corfu's northern end; it is the seat of its eponymous municipality and municipal unit.


lexentry: eng/Saratov__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saratov
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saratów
sense_list:
A city, the administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Volga Region, Volga Federal District, European Russia, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Sarmatism__Noun__1
written_rep: Sarmatism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sarmatyzm
sense_list:
(historical) The belief that the people of the Polish Commonwealth descended from the ancient Sarmatians, the legendary invaders of Slavic lands in antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Saskatoon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saskatoon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saskatoon
sense_list:
The largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada (2016 census: 246,376 (city); 295,095 (metro)), located on the South Saskatchewan River.


lexentry: eng/Satan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Satan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szatan
sense_list:
(religion) The supreme evil spirit in the Abrahamic religions, who tempts humanity into sin; the Devil; (Theistic Satanism) the same figure, regarded as a deity to be revered and worshipped.


lexentry: eng/Satanism__Noun__1
written_rep: Satanism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: satanizm
sense_list:
Worship or reverence to Satan (usually synonymous with "the Devil"). | A profession, philosophy, or ideological construct featuring a positive, admirable, or useful association to the figure, character or entity known as 'Satan'; or, featuring opposition to all morality and the procurement of what is wanted regardless of the consequences concerning others.


lexentry: eng/Satanist__Noun__1
written_rep: Satanist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: satanista | satanistka
sense_list:
One who identifies with Anton Szandor LaVey's philosophical teachings and the religion, Satanism, founded upon it. | One who worships Satan.


lexentry: eng/Sathmar_Swabian__Noun__1
written_rep: Sathmar Swabian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szwab z Satu Mare | Szwabka z Satu Mare
sense_list:
A member or descendant of the ethnic German (Swabian) community in Sathmar (Satu Mare), a region now mostly in Rumania with a small part in Hungary.


lexentry: eng/Saturday__Noun__1
written_rep: Saturday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sobota
sense_list:
The seventh day of the week in many religious traditions, and the sixth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Jewish Sabbath; it follows Friday and precedes Sunday.


lexentry: eng/Saturn__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saturn
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saturn
sense_list:
(astronomy) The sixth planet of the solar system, known for its large rings, and until recent times the furthest known; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♄. | (Roman god) The god of fertility and agriculture, equivalent to the Greek Cronos.


lexentry: eng/Save__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Save
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sabi
sense_list:
A river in southeastern Africa that flows about 400 km (250 mi) from south of Harare in Zimbabwe, through Mozambique, to the Indian Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Savi's_warbler__Noun__1
written_rep: Savi's warbler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brzęczka
sense_list:
Locustella luscinioides, an Old World warbler, found in parts of Europe, Western Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa.


lexentry: eng/Savoy__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Savoy
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sabaudia
sense_list:
(historical) A historical region shared between the modern countries of France, Italy and Switzerland. | (historical) A former duchy existing from 1416 to 1847, whose maximal extent included parts of modern southeastern France, northwestern Italy, and southwestern Switzerland; in full, Duchy of Savoy.


lexentry: eng/Saxon__Noun__1
written_rep: Saxon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sas
sense_list:
A member of an ancient West Germanic tribe that lived at the eastern North Sea coast and south of it.


lexentry: eng/Saxony-Anhalt__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saxony-Anhalt
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saksonia-Anhalt
sense_list:
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation. Its capital is Magdeburg.


lexentry: eng/Saxony__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Saxony
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Saksonia
sense_list:
A state of modern Germany, located in the east, far from historical Saxon lands. Official name: Free State of Saxony.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scandinavia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Skandynawia
sense_list:
A geographic region of Northern Europe, consisting of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden collectively and sometimes Finland, Iceland, Åland and the Faroe Islands.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scandinavian Peninsula
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Skandynawia
sense_list:
A peninsula comprising the mainlands of Norway and Sweden, and the northwestern part of Finland (compared to Fennoscandia which comprises all the three countries Norway, Sweden and Finland); the largest peninsula in Europe (with an area of three-quarter million square kilometres).


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian__Adjective__1
written_rep: Scandinavian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: skandynawski
sense_list:
(of a language) Of or relating to the North Germanic family of languages to which Swedish, Norwegian (Bokmål, Nynorsk), Danish, Icelandic, and Faeroese belong.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_mile__Noun__1
written_rep: Scandinavian mile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mila
sense_list:
A Scandinavian unit of distance of 10 kilometers. Standardized to 10,688.54 meters in 1649, before being defined as 10 km in 1889.


lexentry: eng/Scandinavian_studies__Noun__1
written_rep: Scandinavian studies
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skandynawistyka
sense_list:
(humanities) An academic discipline that focuses on the Scandinavian languages and cultural studies pertaining to Scandinavia


lexentry: eng/Scania__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scania
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Skania
sense_list:
A former province, historical region, and peninsula in Sweden, roughly coterminous with Skåne County and occupying the southern tip of the Scandinavian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Scheherazade__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scheherazade
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szeherezada
sense_list:
A en given name. | A fictional character, the wife and storyteller of the king Shahryar in One Thousand and One Nights.


lexentry: eng/Schlegel_diagram__Noun__1
written_rep: Schlegel diagram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: diagram Schlegela
sense_list:
(geometry) A projection of a polytope from n-dimensional space to n-1 dimensions through a point beyond one of its faces; especially such a projection (itself represented in 2 dimensions) of a 3- or 4-dimensional polytope.


lexentry: eng/Schlemm's_canal__Noun__1
written_rep: Schlemm's canal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kanał Schlemma
sense_list:
(anatomy) a circular channel in the eye that collects aqueous humour from the anterior chamber and delivers it into the bloodstream; if it is blocked, a glaucoma results


lexentry: eng/Schleswig-Holstein__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Schleswig-Holstein
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szlezwik-Holsztyn
sense_list:
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation.


lexentry: eng/Schopenhauerian__Adjective__1
written_rep: Schopenhauerian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: schopenhauerowski
sense_list:
Of or relating to Arthur Schopenhauer (1788–1860), German philosopher known for his pessimism and clarity.


lexentry: eng/Schrödinger's_cat__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Schrödinger's cat
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kot Schrödingera
sense_list:
The thought experiment which was devised by Erwin Schrödinger, is usually considered a paradox, involves a Schrödinger's cat and is typically supposed to be analysed from the point of view of quantum mechanics.


lexentry: eng/Schwarzschild_radius__Noun__1
written_rep: Schwarzschild radius
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: promień Schwarzschilda
sense_list:
(astronomy) The radius of an object such that, if all its mass were compressed within that radius, the escape velocity would equal the speed of light.


lexentry: eng/Scientologist__Noun__1
written_rep: Scientologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scjentolog | scjentolożka
sense_list:
A follower of Scientology, whether belonging to the "official" Church of Scientology or being outside in the so-called Free Zone.


lexentry: eng/Scientology__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scientology
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scjentologia
sense_list:
A belief system with certain religious aspects, developed in 1952, focused on the teachings of L. Ron Hubbard.


lexentry: eng/Scooby-Doo__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scooby-Doo
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Scooby Doo
sense_list:
The cartoon dog from that cartoon, noted for his trouble-causing lack of sense and almost understandable vocalization.


lexentry: eng/Scorpio__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scorpio
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Skorpion
sense_list:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the scorpion, ruled by Mars and covering October 23 - November 22 (tropical astrology) or November 16 - December 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Scorpius__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scorpius
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Skorpion
sense_list:
(constellation) A constellation of the zodiac, roughly shaped like a scorpion. Its brightest star is the red giant Antares.


lexentry: eng/Scots__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scots
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szkocki
sense_list:
A Germanic language closely related to English and descended from northern dialects of Middle English, spoken in parts of Scotland, now especially in the northeastern and southern regions of the country.


lexentry: eng/Scottish_crossbill__Noun__1
written_rep: Scottish crossbill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krzyżodziób szkocki
sense_list:
Loxia scotica, a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. It is endemic to the Caledonian Forests of Scotland


lexentry: eng/Scouts__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scouts
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skauci | skauting
sense_list:
A worldwide youth movement with the aim of supporting young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, so that they may play a constructive role in the society [1].


lexentry: eng/Scrabble__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scrabble
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Scrabble
sense_list:
A board game in which players draw letter tiles and take turns to make interlocking words like a crossword, scoring points according to the letters played and their positions on the board.


lexentry: eng/Sculptor__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sculptor
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rzeźbiarz
sense_list:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the southern sky. It lies between Aquarius and Phoenix and lies in the direction of the southern pole of the Milky Way.


lexentry: eng/Scutum__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scutum
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tarcza
sense_list:
(constellation) A small autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a shield. It lies between the constellations of Aquila, Sagittarius, and the tail of Serpens.


lexentry: eng/Scylla__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scylla
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Scylla | Skylla
sense_list:
A dangerous rock on the Italian coast opposite the whirlpool Charybdis on the coast of Sicily. The passage between Scylla and Charybdis was formerly considered perilous; hence, the saying between Scylla and Charybdis signifies a great peril on either hand.


lexentry: eng/Scythia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Scythia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Scytia
sense_list:
(historical) A geographic region encompassing the Pontic-Caspian steppe in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, inhabited by nomadic Scythians from at least the 11th century BCE to the 2nd century CE.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Azov__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sea of Azov
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Morze Azowskie
sense_list:
A very shallow sea bounded by Russia, Ukraine, and the Crimean peninsula, linked to the Black Sea by the Strait of Kerch.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Marmara__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sea of Marmara
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Morze Marmara
sense_list:
A deep inland sea in north-western Turkey connecting the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea via the straits of Bosphorus and Dardanelles.


lexentry: eng/Sea_of_Okhotsk__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sea of Okhotsk
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: morze Ochockie
sense_list:
A sea between the Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, the island of Hokkaidō to the far south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a long stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north.


lexentry: eng/Sealand__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sealand
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Zelandia
sense_list:
A hamlet and community in Flintshire, Wales, close to Chester in England (OS grid ref SJ3568). It is on land reclaimed from the sea on the Chester side of the River Dee.


lexentry: eng/Sebastia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sebastia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sebastia
sense_list:
A village in Nablus Governorate, West Bank, Palestine; the former capital of the Kingdom of Israel; formerly, Samaria (archeological site).


lexentry: eng/Second_World__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Second World
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Drugi Świat
sense_list:
Those countries aligned with the East during the Cold War, particularly in contrast to those aligned with the West (First World).


lexentry: eng/Sedna__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sedna
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sedna
sense_list:
(mythology, Inuit mythology) The Inuit goddess of the sea and marine animals. | (astronomy) a dwarf planet whose eccentric detached orbit is wholly beyond the Kuiper belt. | (astronomy) Ellipsis of Sedna Planitia: a plain on the planet of Venus


lexentry: eng/Segorbe__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Segorbe
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Segorbe
sense_list:
A municipality in the province of Castellón, Spain; famous for its semana de Toros – “bull-running week” – held every September.


lexentry: eng/Semenivka__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Semenivka
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Semeniwka
sense_list:
A city, the administrative centre of Semenivka urban hromada, Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1680.


lexentry: eng/Semirechye__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Semirechye
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Siedmiorzecze
sense_list:
(historical) An oblast (province) of the Russian Empire corresponding to most of present-day southeastern Kazakhstan and northeastern Kyrgyzstan.


lexentry: eng/Semite__Noun__1
written_rep: Semite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Semita | Semitka
sense_list:
A member of any of a number of peoples of ancient southwestern Asia and East Africa such as the Akkadians, Assyrians, Arameans, Phoenicians, Canaanites, Hebrews, Arabs, or Aksumites. | A descendant of any of these peoples.


lexentry: eng/Senate__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Senate
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Senat
sense_list:
(Canada) The Senate of Canada; the upper house of the Canadian parliament; "the Senate". | (US) The United States Senate.


lexentry: eng/Seneca__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Seneca
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Seneka
sense_list:
A Roman cognomen, notably borne by Lucius Annaeus Seneca, a Roman stoic philosopher, dramatist, and statesman.


lexentry: eng/Seoul__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Seoul
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Seul
sense_list:
The capital city of South Korea, also the historical capital of Korea from 1394 until the country was divided in 1945.


lexentry: eng/September__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: September
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wrzesień
sense_list:
The ninth month of the Gregorian calendar, following August and preceding October, containing the southward equinox.


lexentry: eng/Septuagint__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Septuagint
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Septuaginta
sense_list:
(bible) An influential Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible produced in Alexandria in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC.


lexentry: eng/Serbia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Serbia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Serbia
sense_list:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Serbia. Capital and largest city: Belgrade. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992, then part of Serbia and Montenegro until 2006.


lexentry: eng/Serbia_and_Montenegro__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Serbia and Montenegro
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Serbia i Czarnogóra
sense_list:
(historical) A former country in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula, existing from 1992 to 2006, previously part of Yugoslavia; composed of modern Serbia and Montenegro and known until 2003 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.


lexentry: eng/Serbo-Croatian__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Serbo-Croatian
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: serbsko-chorwacki
sense_list:
The South Slavic language of which Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian are literary standards.


lexentry: eng/Serengeti__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Serengeti
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Serengeti
sense_list:
A geographic region and ecosystem in Tanzania and southern Kenya, known for hosting the largest and longest overland semiannual migration of herd animals in the world.


lexentry: eng/Serica__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Serica
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Serika
sense_list:
(historical) An ancient empire in East Asia, North China reached overland as opposed to the Sinae, the South Chinese reached by sea.


lexentry: eng/Serpens__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Serpens
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wąż
sense_list:
(constellation) A large summer constellation of the northern sky said to resemble a snake. It is the only constellation consisting of two parts (Serpens Caput and Serpens Cauda) separated by the constellation Ophiuchus, representing the snake handler Asclepius.


lexentry: eng/Set__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Set
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Set
sense_list:
(Egyptian god) An ancient Egyptian god, variously described as the god of chaos, the god of thunder and storms, or the god of destruction.


lexentry: eng/Sevastopol__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sevastopol
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sewastopol
sense_list:
A port city in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia. It is the base of the Black Sea Fleet.


lexentry: eng/Seven_Sages__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Seven Sages
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Siedmiu mędrców
sense_list:
(historical) Seven Ancient Greek men renowned for their wisdom: Thales, Solon, Periander, Cleobulus, Chilon, Bias, and Pittacus.


lexentry: eng/Sextans__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sextans
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sekstant
sense_list:
(constellation) A dim spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a sextant. It lies south of the constellation of Leo.


lexentry: eng/Seychelles__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Seychelles
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Seszele
sense_list:
An archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean. Official name: Republic of Seychelles.


lexentry: eng/Shahryar__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shahryar
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szachrijar
sense_list:
Name of the fictional Persian Sassanid King of kings who is told stories by his wife, Scheherazade, to delay her execution.


lexentry: eng/Shakespeare__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shakespeare
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Szekspir
sense_list:
William Shakespeare, an English playwright and poet of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries.


lexentry: eng/Shakespearean__Adjective__1
written_rep: Shakespearean
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szekspirowski | Szekspirowski
sense_list:
(literature) Of or pertaining to, characteristic of, associated with, or suggestive of William Shakespeare (an English playwright), his works, or his authorship, or the time in which he lived.


lexentry: eng/Shakespearean_sonnet__Noun__1
written_rep: Shakespearean sonnet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sonet szekspirowski
sense_list:
(poetry) A sonnet comprising three quatrains and a final couplet, in iambic pentameter with the rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg.


lexentry: eng/Shandong_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shandong Peninsula
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szantung
sense_list:
A peninsula in Shandong, in eastern China, between the Bohai Sea to the north and the Yellow Sea to the south.


lexentry: eng/Shangri-La__Noun__1
written_rep: Shangri-La
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Shangri-La
sense_list:
A place of complete bliss, delight, and peace, especially one seen as an escape from ordinary life; a paradise.


lexentry: eng/Sharon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sharon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Równina Szaron
sense_list:
A plain in Israel. | A rural locality in the Bundaberg Region, Queensland, Australia, named after the plain in Israel.


lexentry: eng/Shavuot__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shavuot
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Pięćdziesiątnica | Szawuot | Święto Tygodni | Święto Zbiorów | Święto Żniw
sense_list:
A Jewish harvest festival which falls on the sixth day of Sivan in the spring, fifty days after the second day of the Passover when the omer is offered.


lexentry: eng/Sheba__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sheba
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Królestwo Saba
sense_list:
(biblical) A former kingdom in the Red Sea region. An ancient kingdom in Arabia or possibly in Africa. Frequently equated with ancient Saba.


lexentry: eng/Sherlock_Holmes__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sherlock Holmes
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Sherlock | Sherlock Holmes
sense_list:
(figuratively, by extension) Any person who has or is considered to have great powers of observation and deduction.


lexentry: eng/Sherpa__Noun__1
written_rep: Sherpa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szerpa | Szerpijka
sense_list:
A member of a particular Himalayan ethnic group living in Nepal and Tibet, known especially as mountaineers.


lexentry: eng/Shetland_Islands__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shetland Islands
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szetlandy
sense_list:
An archipelago and council area of Scotland, roughly north-east of the Orkney Islands; the northernmost part of Scotland and the United Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Shevchenkove__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shevchenkove
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szewczenkowe
sense_list:
A rural settlement, the administrative centre of Shevchenkove settlement hromada, Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Shinto__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shinto
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szinto | szintoizm
sense_list:
Formerly the state religion of Japan, a type of animism involving the worship of ancestors and nature spirits.


lexentry: eng/Shiraz__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shiraz
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sziraz
sense_list:
A city in Iran, the seat of Shiraz County's Central District and the capital of Fars Province, near the remains of Persepolis.


lexentry: eng/Shiva__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shiva
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Śiwa
sense_list:
(Hinduism) The god of destruction and transformation, and together with Brahma and Vishnu, one of the principal deities in Hinduism. Within Shaivism he is viewed as the Supreme deity, whereas in other branches of Hinduism such as the Smarta tradition he is worshipped as one of the six manifestations of the Divine.


lexentry: eng/Shkodër__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Shkodër
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szkodra
sense_list:
A city in northwestern Albania (the country's fifth largest), located on a plain between the marshlands of Lake Shkodër and the foothills of the Albanian Alps, surrounded on three sides by the rivers Kir, Drin and Buna; it is the seat of its eponymous county, municipality and administrative unit.


lexentry: eng/Shrovetide__Noun__1
written_rep: Shrovetide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mięsopust | ostatki | zapusty
sense_list:
The three days immediately preceding Lent; Shrove Sunday, Shrove Monday, and Shrove Tuesday, preceding Ash Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/Siamese_cat__Noun__1
written_rep: Siamese cat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kot syjamski
sense_list:
A short-haired breed of domestic cat having blue eyes and pointed coat pattern, that is, a pale body and dark extremities.


lexentry: eng/Siberian_Husky__Noun__1
written_rep: Siberian Husky
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: husky syberyjski
sense_list:
(zoology) A medium-sized spitz breed of dog originally used for herding reindeer and pulling sleighs.


lexentry: eng/Siberian_crane__Noun__1
written_rep: Siberian crane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żuraw biały | żuraw syberyjski | żuraw śnieżny
sense_list:
(ornithology) A large white crane, Grus leucogeranus, which breeds in Arctic Russia and western Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Sicilian_Defence__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sicilian Defence
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obrona sycylijska
sense_list:
A chess opening characterized by the moves 1.e4 c5, in which both the white king's pawn and the black king's bishop's pawn advance two squares as the first moves.


lexentry: eng/Sicily__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sicily
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sycylia
sense_list:
The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily.


lexentry: eng/Siena__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Siena
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Siena
sense_list:
A city and comune, the capital of the province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy. | A province of Tuscany, Italy.


lexentry: eng/Sierpinski_triangle__Noun__1
written_rep: Sierpinski triangle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trójkąt Sierpińskiego
sense_list:
A fractal consisting of three copies of itself, shrunk to half size, arranged in a triangular shape without rotating.


lexentry: eng/Sigurd__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sigurd
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sygurd
sense_list:
(Norse mythology) The principal hero of the Volsungasaga and of the Elder Edda's Niflung cycle, who slew a dragon.


lexentry: eng/Sikhism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sikhism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sikhizm
sense_list:
A revealed, monotheistic religion originating in northern India, in the 15th century, through Guru Nanak and his successors.


lexentry: eng/Silas__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Silas
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sylas
sense_list:
(biblical character) The companion of Paul in the New Testament, also called Silvanus. | A en given name of Biblical origin.


lexentry: eng/Silent_Sam__Noun__1
written_rep: Silent Sam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: milczek
sense_list:
(informal, sometimes used attributively) A person who seldom or never speaks; a taciturn or unresponsive individual.


lexentry: eng/Silesia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Silesia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Śląsk
sense_list:
A cultural region of Central Europe, now chiefly in Poland, with small portions in the Czech Republic and Germany, from early modernity until 1945 predominantly German-speaking with Slavic-speaking minorities (and local majorities).


lexentry: eng/Silesian__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Silesian
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: język dolnośląski
sense_list:
(uncountable) Lower Silesian, a Germanic language or dialect spoken in southwestern parts of what is now Poland (Lower Silesia).


lexentry: eng/Silesian__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Silesian
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: język śląski | etnolekt śląski | gwara śląska | śląszczyzna
sense_list:
(uncountable) Upper Silesian, a West Slavic language spoken in southwestern parts of Poland and the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Silicon_Valley__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Silicon Valley
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dolina Krzemowa
sense_list:
(informal) Originally, the region of the San Francisco Bay Area in which there were a high number of industries producing silicon chips; later extended to mean the entire concentration of high-tech businesses in this area.


lexentry: eng/Silk_Road__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Silk Road
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jedwabny szlak | Jedwabny Szlak
sense_list:
(historical) An extensive interconnected network of trade routes across Asia, North and Northeast Africa, and Europe, historically used by silk traders.


lexentry: eng/Simferopol__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Simferopol
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Symferopol
sense_list:
The capital city and raion of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine and capital city of the Republic of Crimea, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Simon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Simon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szymon
sense_list:
Name of any of a number of men in the New Testament, notably the original name of Apostle Peter. | A en given name. | A surname originating as a patronymic.


lexentry: eng/Simon_says__Noun__1
written_rep: Simon says
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szymon mówi
sense_list:
(games) A children's game where players must carry out only those commands that are preceded by the utterance "Simon says".


lexentry: eng/Simplified_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Simplified Chinese
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uproszczone pismo chińskie | znak uproszczonego pisma chińskiego
sense_list:
Chinese written using the forms of Chinese characters introduced by the People's Republic of China as script reform. The characters are simplified (with a reduced number of strokes, etc.) compared to their pre-reform shapes.


lexentry: eng/Sinai__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sinai
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Synaj
sense_list:
A peninsula in eastern Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. | A mountain in Sinai Peninsula; the location where Moses is said to have received the Ten Commandments from God.


lexentry: eng/Sinbad__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sinbad
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sindbad
sense_list:
(fiction) A fictional sailor, the hero of a story-cycle of Middle Eastern origin, who encountered monsters and magic while travelling the seas east of Africa and south of Asia.


lexentry: eng/Sindarin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sindarin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sindarin
sense_list:
A constructed language, partly inspired by Welsh, spoken by certain elves and others in J. R. R. Tolkien's works.


lexentry: eng/Sindhi__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sindhi
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sindhi
sense_list:
An Indo-Aryan language spoken in four main dialects in Pakistan and India. There are around 35 million Sindhi speakers in Sindh سنڌ and more than 40 million throughout the world. Sindhi is written with a modified Arabic script that has 52 letters, and in a modified Devanagari script too.


lexentry: eng/Singapore__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Singapore
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Singapur
sense_list:
An island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965). Official name: Republic of Singapore.


lexentry: eng/Sinhalese__Adjective__1
written_rep: Sinhalese
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: syngaleski
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to the majority ethnic group of Sri Lanka, their Indo-Aryan language, or their culture.


lexentry: eng/Sino-Japanese__Adjective__1
written_rep: Sino-Japanese
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chińsko-japoński
sense_list:
Involving both China and Japan, for example the First Sino-Japanese War, or Sino-Japanese vocabulary


lexentry: eng/Sino-Xenic__Adjective__1
written_rep: Sino-Xenic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sinokseniczny
sense_list:
(linguistics) Related to pronunciations for reading Chinese in Japan, Korea and Vietnam, originating in medieval times and the source of large-scale borrowings of Chinese words into Japonic, Koreanic and Vietnamese languages, none of which are genetically related to Chinese (excluding Sinitic topolects).


lexentry: eng/Sinocentrism__Noun__1
written_rep: Sinocentrism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sinocentryzm
sense_list:
(historical) The belief, held by the ancient Chinese, that China was literally the centre of the world.


lexentry: eng/Sint_Eustatius__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sint Eustatius
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sint Eustatius
sense_list:
A dependent territory and special municipality of the Netherlands; an island in the northern Leeward Islands portion of the West Indies in the Caribbean.


lexentry: eng/Sint_Maarten__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sint Maarten
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sint Maarten
sense_list:
A dependent territory and constituent country of the Netherlands, located on the southern half of the island of Saint Martin in the Caribbean Sea. Capital: Philipsburg.


lexentry: eng/Sisyphus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sisyphus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Syzyf
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) Son of Aeolus and Enarete, and king of Ephyra, as tragic figure doomed eternally to roll a boulder up a hill in Tartarus, a part of Hades.


lexentry: eng/Sjögren's_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: Sjögren's syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zespół Sjögrena
sense_list:
An autoimmune disorder in which immune cells attack and destroy the exocrine glands that produce tears and saliva.


lexentry: eng/Slavdom__Noun__1
written_rep: Slavdom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Słowiańszczyzna
sense_list:
Slavic peoples collectively, Slavs as a body. | The area inhabited by Slavs, or with Slavic influence.


lexentry: eng/Slavic_studies__Noun__1
written_rep: Slavic studies
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: slawistyka | słowianoznawstwo
sense_list:
(humanities, US) A field of academic study concerned with Slavic areas, Slavic languages, literature, history, and culture.


lexentry: eng/Slavism__Noun__1
written_rep: Slavism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: slawizm | słowianizm
sense_list:
(countable) A linguistic feature of one or more Slavic languages, especially a Slavic idiom or phrasing that appears in a non-Slavic language.


lexentry: eng/Slavonia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Slavonia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Slawonia
sense_list:
In early modern times: Kingdom of Slavonia, covering north-eastern parts of modern Croatia and region of Syrmia in modern Serbia.


lexentry: eng/Slavophilia__Noun__1
written_rep: Slavophilia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: słowianofilstwo
sense_list:
An ideological commitment to maintaining traditional Slavic culture and values and resisting non-Slavic influences (as first formulated in 19th-century imperial Russia).


lexentry: eng/Slavutych__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Slavutych
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sławutycz
sense_list:
A city, the administrative centre of Slavutych urban hromada, Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Sleeping_Beauty__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sleeping Beauty
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Śpiąca Królewna
sense_list:
A fairy tale originally titled La Belle au bois dormant by Charles Perrault. | The main character in this story, who is in unbroken slumber under a magical spell, awaiting the kiss of a prince.


lexentry: eng/Slovenia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Slovenia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Słowenia
sense_list:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Slovenia. Capital and largest city: Ljubljana. Part of Yugoslavia until 1991.


lexentry: eng/Slovio__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Slovio
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: slovio
sense_list:
An artificial language based on the Slavic languages and written in either the Latin or Cyrillic script, intended to be readily understandable by speakers of any modern Slavic language.


lexentry: eng/Slytherin__Noun__1
written_rep: Slytherin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ślizgon
sense_list:
A person having traits associated with Slytherin house from the Harry Potter series, including ambition, cunning, or an affinity for snakes or the colours green and silver.


lexentry: eng/Smith__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Smith
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: Kowalski | Kowal | Kowalczyk | Kowalczuk
sense_list:
A hamlet in the Municipal District of Lesser Slave River, northern Alberta, Canada. | A river in California, United States, flowing from the Klamath Mountains into the Pacific.


lexentry: eng/Snake_Island__Proper_noun__2
written_rep: Snake Island
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wyspa Wężowa
sense_list:
An island in Budjak, on the Black Sea, at the Danue Delta, Danube River in Odesa Oblast, Ukraine, on the border with Romania.


lexentry: eng/Snell's_law__Noun__1
written_rep: Snell's law
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawo Snella | prawo Snelliusa
sense_list:
(optics) the law that, for a ray incident on the interface of two media, the sine of the angle of incidence times the index of the refraction of the first medium is equal to the sine of the angle of refraction times the index of refraction of the second medium


lexentry: eng/Snoopy__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Snoopy
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Snoopy
sense_list:
Charlie Brown's pet beagle in the comic strip Peanuts, by Charles M. Schulz; often representing doggish soulfulness.


lexentry: eng/Snow_White__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Snow White
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Śnieżka | Białośnieżka
sense_list:
A fictional character in the fairy tale Snow-White and Rose-Red, from Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot collected by the Brothers Grimm.


lexentry: eng/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Socjalistyczna Federacyjna Republika Jugosławii
sense_list:
(historical) Official name of Yugoslavia: a former Communist country in Southeast Europe that existed from 1943 until 1992; abbreviation SFRY.


lexentry: eng/Society_of_Jesus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Society of Jesus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Towarzystwo Jezusowe
sense_list:
An order of Roman Catholic clergy, the Jesuits, having a tradition of education, theological scholarship, and missionary work; formed during the 16th century.


lexentry: eng/Socotra__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Socotra
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sokotra
sense_list:
An island of Yemen, between the Guardafui Channel to the west, Gulf of Aden to the northwest, the Somali Sea to the south, and the Arabian Sea to the east.


lexentry: eng/Socratic_irony__Noun__1
written_rep: Socratic irony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ironia sokratejska
sense_list:
The practice or act of asking someone a question, as though ignorant of the answer, in order to show a flaw in their argument.


lexentry: eng/Sodom__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sodom
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sodoma
sense_list:
(biblical, Quranic) A city in the Middle East which, according to the Bible and Islamic tradition, but not specifically named in the Qur'an, was destroyed by God (along with Gomorrah) for the sins of its inhabitants.


lexentry: eng/Sogdiana__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sogdiana
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sogdiana
sense_list:
An ancient Iranian-speaking civilization of what is today eastern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan.


lexentry: eng/Sokil__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sokil
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Sokół
sense_list:
A village in Halych urban hromada, Ivano-Frankivsk Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine. | A village in Kamianka-Buzka urban hromada, Lviv Raion, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. | A village in Rivne rural hromada, Kovel Raion, Volyn Oblast, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Sokil__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sokil
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: Sokił
sense_list:
A village in Zhvanets rural hromada, Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine. | A village in Chernivtsi settlement hromada, Mohyliv-Podilskyi Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Solar_System__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Solar System
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Układ Słoneczny | System Słoneczny
sense_list:
(astronomy) The Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it, including the eight planets, their moons, the asteroids, and comets.


lexentry: eng/Solidarity__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Solidarity
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Solidarność
sense_list:
(historical) A political movement begun in the labor unions of Poland that contributed to the fall of Communism in that country.


lexentry: eng/Solomon_Islands__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Solomon Islands
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wyspy Salomona
sense_list:
A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands. Official name: Solomon Islands. Capital and largest city: Honiara.


lexentry: eng/Solomon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Solomon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Salomon
sense_list:
(Biblical character) In the Old Testament and Qur'an, a king of Israel famous for his wisdom; father of King Rehoboam and the son of King David. | (countable) A en given name.


lexentry: eng/Somali__Noun__1
written_rep: Somali
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: somalijski
sense_list:
(chiefly, countable, collective) An ethnic group native to the Somali Peninsula; a Somali, a group of Somalis, the Somalis.


lexentry: eng/Somali__Noun__1
written_rep: Somali
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Somalijczyk | Somalijka
sense_list:
(countable, collective) A citizen or resident from the country of Somalia. The term Somalian is sometimes used as an alternative to Somali to emphasize civic affiliations to the Republic of Somalia and de-emphasize ethnic affiliations. Using the term Somalian may be offensive to some Somalis as it is deemed nonstandard. Some Somali ethnonationalists do not consider all citizens of Somalia to be Somali. Some Somali separatists prefer terms such as Somalian or Somalilander in civic contexts over the ethnolinguistic connoted term Somali.


lexentry: eng/Somalia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Somalia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Somalia
sense_list:
A country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa. Official name: Federal Republic of Somalia. Capital and largest city: Mogadishu.


lexentry: eng/Somaliland__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Somaliland
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Somaliland
sense_list:
An ethnically Somali geographic region of East Africa comprising Somalia, Djibouti, and parts of Ethiopia. | A geographic region and de facto independent unrecognized state in East Africa, internationally recognized as part of Somalia; formerly the Somali Coast Protectorate. Official name: Republic of Somaliland.


lexentry: eng/Son_of_Man__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Son of Man
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Syn Człowieczy
sense_list:
(Christianity) A Christian title of Jesus Christ, referring to his status as a celestial being who presides as an eschatological judge.


lexentry: eng/Song_of_Songs__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Song of Songs
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Pieśń nad Pieśniami
sense_list:
(biblical) The twenty-second book of the Christian Old Testament and the seventeenth book of the Hebrew Bible.


lexentry: eng/Sophocles__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sophocles
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sofokles
sense_list:
A Greek dramatic poet (ca. 497 BCE – 405 BCE); Sophocles was one of the three greatest Greek tragedians. In the Athenian dramatic competitions of the Festival of Dionysus, he won more first prizes (around 20) than any other playwright, and placed second in all others he participated in. He is best remembered for his Oedipus Cycle of plays.


lexentry: eng/Sound__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sound
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sund
sense_list:
The strait that separates Zealand (an island of Denmark) from Scania (part of Sweden); also sometimes called by the Danish name, Øresund.


lexentry: eng/South_Africa__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Africa
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Afryka Południowa | Republika Południowej Afryki
sense_list:
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of South Africa. Capitals: Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein.


lexentry: eng/South_African_Republic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South African Republic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Republika Południowej Afryki
sense_list:
A former country in Southern Africa, the official English name of the Transvaal "Boer republic" state that existed from 1852 to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland's annexation of it in 1902.


lexentry: eng/South_America__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South America
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ameryka Południowa
sense_list:
The continent forming the southern part of the Americas; east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, south of North America and north of Antarctica.


lexentry: eng/South_Asia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Asia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Azja Południowa
sense_list:
A geographic region of Asia, comprising all the countries of the Indian subcontinent (principally India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan) and the Indian Ocean (principally Sri Lanka, Maldives).


lexentry: eng/South_Australia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Australia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Australia Południowa
sense_list:
A state of Australia, located in the central southern part of the continent; a former British colony until 1901. Capital: Adelaide.


lexentry: eng/South_Caucasus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Caucasus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zakaukazie
sense_list:
A mountainous region of West Asia and Eastern Europe, lying between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, comprising the republics of Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan.


lexentry: eng/South_China_Sea__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South China Sea
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Morze Południowochińskie
sense_list:
The western arm of the Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland and Taiwan, Borneo and the Philippines.


lexentry: eng/South_Dakota__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Dakota
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dakota Południowa
sense_list:
A state in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. Capital: Pierre. Largest city: Sioux Falls.


lexentry: eng/South_Georgia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Georgia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Georgia Południowa
sense_list:
An island in the southern Atlantic Ocean, part of the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, United Kingdom, a British-owned territory.


lexentry: eng/South_Korea__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Korea
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Korea Południowa
sense_list:
A country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. Official name: Republic of Korea. Capital: Seoul.


lexentry: eng/South_Ossetia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Ossetia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Osetia Południowa
sense_list:
A disputed geographic region and de-facto independent but largely unrecognized country in the South Caucasus on the border of Europe and Asia, which considers itself an independent state called the Republic of South Ossetia; considered part of Georgia's territory by the Georgian government and the vast majority of the international community. Capital: Tskhinvali.


lexentry: eng/South_Pole__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Pole
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biegun południowy
sense_list:
(geography) The Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole; the point which south is oriented towards, and therefore the southernmost point on Earth (having a latitude of -90°).


lexentry: eng/South_Sudan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Sudan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sudan Południowy
sense_list:
A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of South Sudan, formerly the southern part of Sudan.


lexentry: eng/South_Tyrol__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Tyrol
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Górna Adyga
sense_list:
A predominantly German-speaking autonomous province of the Trentino-Alto Adige region in north-east Italy; until 1919 part of Austria, since 1972 under a special autonomy statute. Capital: Bolzano.


lexentry: eng/South_Vietnam__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Vietnam
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wietnam Południowy
sense_list:
(historical) A former country in Southeast Asia that governed southern Vietnam from 1955 to 1975. Official name: Republic of Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/South_Yemen__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South Yemen
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jemen Południowy
sense_list:
(historical) A former country in West Asia on the Arabian Peninsula, existing from 1967 until 1990. Official name: People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.


lexentry: eng/South__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: South
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: południe
sense_list:
(US) The south-eastern states of the United States, including many of the same states as formed the Confederacy.


lexentry: eng/Southeast_Asia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Southeast Asia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Azja Południowo-Wschodnia
sense_list:
A geographic region of Asia, comprising the territories of Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Cross__Proper_noun__2
written_rep: Southern Cross
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Krzyż Południa
sense_list:
A rural locality in Charters Towers Region, northern Queensland. | A town in the Shire of Yilgarn, Western Australia.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Min__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Southern Min
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Język minnański
sense_list:
A group of local languages of Min Chinese, which can trace their origins to southern Fujian province, China.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Ocean__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Southern Ocean
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ocean Południowy | Ocean Antarktyczny
sense_list:
The portion of the World Ocean surrounding Antarctica, variously taken as the waters south of the Antarctic Circle, the waters south of 60° S, or the waters bounded by the Antarctic Convergence.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Rhodesia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Southern Rhodesia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rodezja Południowa
sense_list:
(historical) A former colony of the United Kingdom; a name used to refer to the area now called Zimbabwe, officially introduced in 1901. A self-governing colony of Britain from 1923, its government began to refer to itself simply as Rhodesia in 1964, when Northern Rhodesia became Zambia. The name Zimbabwe was adopted in 1980.


lexentry: eng/Southern_Sami__Adjective__1
written_rep: Southern Sami
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: południowolapoński
sense_list:
Relating to the Southern Sami people living in east central Norway south of the Arctic Circle and across the border in Sweden, and their language and culture.


lexentry: eng/Soviet_Russia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Soviet Russia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rosja Radziecka
sense_list:
The unofficial term used for the former Russian Republic for a short period after its collapse - from 7 November 1917 (October Revolution) to 19 July 1918 (1st RSFSR Constitution) or to 30 December 1922 (Treaty on the Creation of the USSR). Also used to refer to the Soviet Union as a whole in the early stages.


lexentry: eng/Soviet_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Soviet Socialist Republic
part_of_speech: properNoun
sense_list: (historical) Any of the republics belonging to the former Soviet Union.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
republika radziecka | republika sowiecka | socjalistyczna republika radziecka | socjalistyczna republika sowiecka


lexentry: eng/Soviet_Union__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Soviet Union
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Związek Radziecki
sense_list:
(historical) A former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries. Official name: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. | (informal, historical, synecdoche) The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.


lexentry: eng/Soviet__Adjective__1
written_rep: Soviet
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: radziecki | sowiecki
sense_list:
(historical, not comparable) Pertaining to the Soviet Union or its constituent republics. | Supporting or representing the Soviet Union or Sovietism; Sovietist.


lexentry: eng/Space_Shuttle__Noun__1
written_rep: Space Shuttle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prom kosmiczny
sense_list:
A space transportation system developed by NASA consisting of a reusable winged orbiter, a set of recoverable booster rockets, and a fuel tank.


lexentry: eng/Spain__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Spain
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Hiszpania
sense_list:
A country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula. Official name: Kingdom of Spain. Capital and largest city: Madrid.


lexentry: eng/Spalnoye__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Spalnoye
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Spalnoje
sense_list:
A hamlet in Borkovsky selsoviet, Sudzhansky Raion, Kursk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, situated on the banks of the River Psyol.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_influenza__Noun__1
written_rep: Spanish influenza
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hiszpanka
sense_list:
(pathology) A form of influenza that spread to nearly every part of the world in a pandemic between 1918 and 1920, killing from 20 to 100 million people.


lexentry: eng/Spanish_moss__Noun__1
written_rep: Spanish moss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hiszpański mech
sense_list:
A gray epiphyte that hangs down from trees, Tillandsia usneoides, native to the southeastern US and throughout humid tropical and subtropical parts of the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Spartacus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Spartacus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Spartakus
sense_list:
A Thracian name, notably borne by a gladiator who was one of the slave leaders in a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic.


lexentry: eng/Sphinx__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sphinx
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sfinks
sense_list:
An ancient, large statue in Egypt, with the face of a man and the body of a lion, lying near the Great Pyramids. | (Greek mythology) One of the many offspring of Typhon and Echidna, a winged lion-like creature with a woman's face, who committed suicide out of frustration after Oedipus managed to solve her riddles.


lexentry: eng/Spice_Islands__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Spice Islands
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Moluki
sense_list:
The Moluccas or Maluku Islands, an archipelago in Indonesia comprising the provinces of Maluku and North Maluku.


lexentry: eng/Spiritism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Spiritism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spirytyzm
sense_list:
A philosophical doctrine, established in France in the mid nineteenth century, postulating that humans are essentially immortal spirits that temporarily inhabit physical bodies, and may have influence on the physical world.


lexentry: eng/Springfield__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Springfield
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Springfield
sense_list:
A census-designated place in Hampshire County, West Virginia; named for the Battle of Springfield (1780), which took place in the township of Union County, New Jersey. | A number of other townships in the United States, listed under Springfield Township.


lexentry: eng/Springtime_of_Nations__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Springtime of Nations
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wiosna Ludów
sense_list:
(history, European history) A period, sometimes confounded with the Age of Revolution in Europe and/or the pre-March era (Vormärz) specifically in Germany; variously beginning in 1789 (the French Revolution) or (in Germany) either in 1815 (German Confederation) or 1830 (French July Revolution) and leading up to the Revolutions of 1848.


lexentry: eng/Srebrenica__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Srebrenica
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Srebrenica
sense_list:
A town and municipality in the easternmost part of Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was the site of an ethnic cleansing massacre in July 1995.


lexentry: eng/Sri_Jayawardenepura_Kotte__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sri Dźajawardanapura Kotte
sense_list:
The administrative capital of Sri Lanka, located next to the executive and judicial capital of Colombo.


lexentry: eng/Sri_Lanka__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sri Lanka
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sri Lanka
sense_list:
An island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India. Official name: Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Capital: Colombo.


lexentry: eng/St._Elmo's_fire__Noun__1
written_rep: St. Elmo's fire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ognie świętego Elma
sense_list:
An electrical discharge, or corona, seen around pointed objects, caused by ionization of the atmosphere during storms.


lexentry: eng/St._John's_wort__Noun__1
written_rep: St. John's wort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziurawiec | dziurawiec zwyczajny | kotwica | ziele świętojańskie
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Hypericum, especially Hypericum perforatum, that have yellow flowers and traditionally ward off evil.


lexentry: eng/St._Stephen's_Day__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: St. Stephen's Day
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dzień Świętego Szczepana
sense_list:
(Christianity) A Christian holiday commemorating Saint Stephen the protomartyr (first Christian martyr; died 34 C.E.), falling immediately after Christmas Day (on December 26 in the Western Church and on December 27 in the Eastern Orthodox Church).


lexentry: eng/Stakhanovite__Noun__1
written_rep: Stakhanovite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stachanowiec
sense_list:
(historical) An extremely productive or hard-working worker, especially in the former USSR, who may earn special rewards; a workaholic.


lexentry: eng/Stalin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stalin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Stalin
sense_list:
A surname from Russian; usually referring to the Georgian revolutionary and General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Joseph Stalin.


lexentry: eng/Standard_Model__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Standard Model
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: model standardowy
sense_list:
(particle physics) A theory about the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions that mediate the dynamics of the known subatomic particles.


lexentry: eng/Star_Wars__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Star Wars
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Gwiezdne wojny
sense_list:
An American epic space opera franchise centered on a film series created by George Lucas in a setting where futuristic technology co-exists with a semi-sentient form of magic/religion called the Force.


lexentry: eng/Star_of_Bethlehem__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Star of Bethlehem
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Gwiazda Betlejemska
sense_list:
(Biblical) The bright star in the Gospel of Matthew that lead the "wise men from the East" to travel to Bethlehem.


lexentry: eng/Star_of_David__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Star of David
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gwiazda Dawida
sense_list:
(Judaism) A symbol of Jewish identity and Judaism, having the shape of a hexagram, the compound of two equilateral triangles.


lexentry: eng/Stare_Brusno__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stare Brusno
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Stare Brusno
sense_list:
A former village, now in Gmina Horyniec-Zdrój, Lubaczów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, first mentioned in 1444, devasted in 1945 and then depopulated during Operation Vistula in 1947.


lexentry: eng/Stare__Proper_noun__2
written_rep: Stare
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Stare
sense_list:
A village in the Gmina of Rogoźno, Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland. | A village in the Gmina of Wysoka, Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland. | A hamlet in the Gmina of Kaźmierz, Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland. | A rural settlement in Kadiivka urban hromada, Alchevsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1930, controlled by the Luhansk People’s Republic since 2014.


lexentry: eng/Staré__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Staré
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Staré
sense_list:
A village and municipality in okres Michalovce, Košice kraj, eastern Slovakia, first mentioned in 1273.


lexentry: eng/Stasi__Noun__1
written_rep: Stasi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Stasi
sense_list:
(derogatory) One who engages in covert surveillence or similar activities associated with secret police. | (derogatory) One who imposes one's views on others; one who is unfairly oppressive or needlessly strict.


lexentry: eng/Statue_of_Liberty__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Statue of Liberty
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Statua Wolności
sense_list:
A very large statue in New York harbor, representing the Roman goddess Libertas, and considered emblematic of the United States and its attractiveness to immigrants.


lexentry: eng/Stendhalian__Adjective__1
written_rep: Stendhalian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stendhalowski
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or in the style of French novelist Marie-Henri Beyle (1783–1842), known as Stendhal.


lexentry: eng/Stepnohirsk__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stepnohirsk
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Stepnohirśk
sense_list:
A rural settlement, the administrative centre of Stepnohirsk settlement hromada, Vasylivka Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1921.


lexentry: eng/Stigmata__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stigmata
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stygmaty
sense_list:
(religion, Christianity) bodily marks or sores, corresponding in location to the crucifixion wounds of Christ; supposed to occur during states of religious ecstasy or hysteria, and sometimes reported to bleed periodically


lexentry: eng/Stockholm__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stockholm
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sztokholm
sense_list:
A municipality, the capital and largest city of Sweden; the county seat of Stockholm County, Sweden.


lexentry: eng/Stokavian__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stokavian
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztokawski
sense_list:
The most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, which is used as the dialectal basis for the standard Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian versions of the language. The word what is usually rendered as što, whence the name.


lexentry: eng/Stone_Age__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stone Age
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: epoka kamienia
sense_list:
(archaeology, paleontology) A broad prehistoric period during which humans widely used stone for toolmaking.


lexentry: eng/Stone__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stone
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Kamień
sense_list:
(countable) An English occupational and habitational surname from Old English, for someone who lived near a stone worked with stone, from Old English stan.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Dover__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Strait of Dover
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cieśnina Kaletańska
sense_list:
A strait in the English Channel, connecting to the North Sea, between Dover (England) and Calais (France)


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Kerch__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Strait of Kerch
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cieśnina Kerczeńska
sense_list:
A strait that connects the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, separating the Kerch Peninsula of Crimea, de-jure Ukraine, in the west from the Taman Peninsula of Krasnodar Krai, Russia in the east.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Magellan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Strait of Magellan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cieśnina Magellana
sense_list:
A navigable sea route between the southern coast of Chile and the northern coast of Tierra del Fuego.


lexentry: eng/Strait_of_Messina__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Strait of Messina
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cieśnina Mesyńska | Cieśnina Messyńska
sense_list:
The narrow section of water between the eastern tip of Sicily and the southern tip of mainland Italy.


lexentry: eng/Strasbourg__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Strasbourg
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Strasburg | Sztrasburg
sense_list:
The capital city of Bas-Rhin department, France; the capital city of the region of Grand Est; located in the historic region of Alsace, near the border with Germany and at various historical points a part of Germany.


lexentry: eng/Stroivka__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stroivka
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Strojiwka
sense_list:
A village in Dvorichna settlement hromada, Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1899.


lexentry: eng/Sturmabteilung__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sturmabteilung
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sturmabteilung
sense_list:
A paramilitary division under the German Nazi Party, operating from 1921 until being disbanded in 1934.


lexentry: eng/Stuttgart__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Stuttgart
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Stuttgart
sense_list:
An unincorporated community in Phillips County, Kansas, located in the north of the state off U.S. Route 36 7.6 mi west-northwest of Phillipsburg and 6.6 mi east-southeast of Prairie View.


lexentry: eng/Stymphalian_bird__Noun__1
written_rep: Stymphalian bird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ptaki stymfalijskie
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) A man-eating bird with a bronze beak and sharp metallic feathers it could launch at its victims, which infested Stymphalus. They were slain by Herakles as part of his sixth Labour, who took advantage of their sensitive sense of hearing.


lexentry: eng/Sukha_Balka__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sukha Balka
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Sucha Bałka
sense_list:
A rural settlement in Toretsk urban hromada, Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. | A village in Mostove rural hromada, Voznesensk Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1919.


lexentry: eng/Sukhumi__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sukhumi
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Suchumi
sense_list:
The capital city of Abkhazia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia.


lexentry: eng/Sukkot__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sukkot
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sukkot | Święto Szałasów | Kuczki | Święto Namiotów
sense_list:
(Judaism) An ancient biblical / Israelite / Jewish festival lasting seven days, celebrating the autumn harvest and commemorating the passage through the wilderness: observed from the 15th day to the 21st day of the month of Tishrei (Tishri).


lexentry: eng/Sumerogram__Noun__1
written_rep: Sumerogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sumerogram
sense_list:
(linguistics) A Sumerian cuneiform symbol used as a logogram in another language, such as Akkadian or Hittite.


lexentry: eng/Sun__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sun
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słońce | Słońce
sense_list:
The star at the center of the Solar System (our solar system), which shines in our sky, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☉.


lexentry: eng/Sundanese__Noun__1
written_rep: Sundanese
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sundajczyk
sense_list:
A member of an ethnic group in the western part of the island of Java in Indonesia, numbering approximately 42 million.


lexentry: eng/Sunday__Noun__1
written_rep: Sunday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niedziela
sense_list:
The first day of the week in many religious traditions, and the seventh day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 standard; the Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day; it follows Saturday and precedes Monday.


lexentry: eng/Sunni_Islam__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sunni Islam
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sunnizm
sense_list:
(Islam) The largest branch of Islam, followed by around 1.7 billion people, whose adherents believe that Muhammad died without appointing a successor, leading to the election of Abu Bakr as the legitimate leader of the Muslim community.


lexentry: eng/Superman__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Superman
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Superman
sense_list:
A fictional comic-book superhero with superhuman strength and speed, X-ray vision, and the ability to fly. [from 1933.]


lexentry: eng/Supreme_Court__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Supreme Court
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sąd najwyższy
sense_list:
(US) The state court in many states of the United States, usually but not necessarily the highest court in that state. | The highest court in a legal jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/Supreme_Leader__Noun__1
written_rep: Supreme Leader
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Najwyższy Prawnik Muzułmański | Najwyższy Przywódca
sense_list:
(politics) The head of state and commander-in-chief of the entire armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with the authority to dismiss the Iranian president. The Supreme Leader is also the highest-ranking spiritual leader in Iran.


lexentry: eng/Suriname__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Suriname
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Surinam
sense_list:
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Suriname. Capital and largest city: Paramaribo.


lexentry: eng/Surrey__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Surrey
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Surrey
sense_list:
The easternmost of the three historical counties of Jamaica, bordered by the county of Middlesex in the west; named after the English county.


lexentry: eng/Surzhyk__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Surzhyk
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: surżyk
sense_list:
A pidgin language or interlanguage combining elements of Russian and Ukrainian, spoken mainly in Ukraine but also some neighbouring regions in Russia (Kursk, Voronezh and Belgorod) or Ukrainians living in Russia.


lexentry: eng/Susa__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Susa
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Suza
sense_list:
(historical) An ancient city, which became the capital of Elam, the Persian Empire, the Seleucid Empire and the Parthian Empire, now known as Shush in modern-day Khuzestan Province, Iran.


lexentry: eng/Sussex__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sussex
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sussex
sense_list:
A former county of south-east England, England, United Kingdom, now divided into East and West Sussex), then bordered by Surrey, Kent, Hampshire and the English Channel.


lexentry: eng/Suwalki_gap__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Suwalki gap
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: korytarz suwalski | przesmyk suwalski
sense_list:
The strip of NATO-controlled territory along the Polish–Lithuanian border, separating Russia (Kaliningrad) from its ally Belarus.


lexentry: eng/Svalbard__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Svalbard
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Svalbard
sense_list:
An archipelago, territory, and unincorporated area of Norway northeast of Greenland, in the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Sverdlovsk__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sverdlovsk
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Swierdłowsk
sense_list:
(historical) Yekaterinburg, a city, the administrative center of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia (from 1921 to 1991).


lexentry: eng/Svetovid__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Svetovid
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Świętowit
sense_list:
The chief god of the Slavic tribe of Rani and the Polabian Slavs, ruling over war, fertility, and prosperity.


lexentry: eng/Swahili__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Swahili
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: suahili
sense_list:
An agglutinative language of the Bantu branch widely spoken in East Africa. Born in its modern form from the hybridization of the Arabic and Bantu cultures, it was the language of the traders in East Africa, and spread along the routes of trade.


lexentry: eng/Swazi__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Swazi
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: suazi
sense_list:
A Bantu language primarily spoken in Swaziland/Eswatini and the South African regions adjacent to it.


lexentry: eng/Swedish__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Swedish
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szwedzki
sense_list:
The language of Sweden and Åland (an autonomous part of Finland). Swedish is also one of the two official languages of Finland, spoken by 6% of the citizens. A very small minority in Estonia has Swedish as their mother tongue.


lexentry: eng/Swedish_massage__Noun__1
written_rep: Swedish massage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: masaż szwedzki
sense_list:
A popular style of massage involving effleurage, petrissage, tapotement, friction, and vibration/shaking as the basic strokes.


lexentry: eng/Swedish_mile__Noun__1
written_rep: Swedish mile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mila
sense_list:
A unit of measure used in Sweden and other parts of Scandinavia, today with a length of 10 kilometres, but formerly with different values.


lexentry: eng/Swedish_relay__Noun__1
written_rep: Swedish relay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztafeta szwedzka
sense_list:
A relay race in which members of a team take turns running progressively longer parts of a course. The first member runs 100 meters, the second 200 meters, the third 300 meters, and the fourth 400 meters, equalling one kilometer in total.


lexentry: eng/Swiss_Army_knife__Noun__1
written_rep: Swiss Army knife
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szwajcarski nóż oficerski
sense_list:
Any of a class of multi-function pocket knives or multitools, having a blade and various tools, such as screwdrivers and can openers.


lexentry: eng/Swiss_roll__Noun__1
written_rep: Swiss roll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rolada
sense_list:
A type of sponge cake rolled up into a cylinder, typically but not exclusively with jam or chocolate filling.


lexentry: eng/Switzerland__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Switzerland
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szwajcaria
sense_list:
A country in Western Europe and Central Europe. Official name: Swiss Confederation. Capital: Bern (de facto).


lexentry: eng/Sydney__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sydney
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sydney
sense_list:
(uncountable) A major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia, and the most populous city in Australia.


lexentry: eng/Sylheti_Bengali__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sylheti Bengali
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: srihotto
sense_list:
The variety of Standard Bengali spoken with a Sylheti accent, influenced by the phonological features of the Sylheti, in the eastern part of Bangladesh's Sylhet Division and the Barak Valley of the Indian state of Assam.


lexentry: eng/Sylheti__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Sylheti
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: srihotto
sense_list:
A language or a dialect of Bengali spoken in the Sylhet Division of north-eastern Bangladesh, the Barak Valley of the Indian state of Assam and some parts of the Indian state of Tripura.


lexentry: eng/Syracuse__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Syracuse
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Syrakuzy
sense_list:
A city and port, the capital of the province of Syracuse, Sicily, Italy. | Syracuse University (in New York) | A former province of Sicily, Italy; abolished in 2015 and replaced by an equivalent administrative entity.


lexentry: eng/Syvash__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Syvash
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: głęboki
sense_list:
(as the Syvash) A network of lagoons forming a western arm of the Sea of Azov, connected therewith by the Henichesk Strait through the Arabat Spit, and otherwise bound by Ukraine’s Kherson Oblast to the north, by the Isthmus of Perekop to the west, and by the Crimea to the south.


lexentry: eng/Syvaske__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Syvaske
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sywaśke
sense_list:
A rural settlement in Novotroitske settlement hromada, Henichesk Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1816.


lexentry: eng/Székely__Noun__1
written_rep: Székely
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sekler | Seklerka
sense_list:
A member of a subgroup of the Hungarian people living mostly in the Székely Land in present-day Romania.


lexentry: eng/São_Tomé_and_Príncipe__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: São Tomé and Príncipe
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wyspy Świętego Tomasza i Książęca
sense_list:
A country and archipelago of Central Africa in the Atlantic Ocean. Official name: Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe. Capital: São Tomé.


lexentry: eng/T-bar__Noun__1
written_rep: T-bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orczyk | wyciąg orczykowy
sense_list:
(skiing) A type of ski lift where skiers/snowboarders are dragged up the ski run while they slide along on their skis/snowboards on the slope. They hang onto a T-shaped bar, a crossbar handle and a lead shaft linking to the drive cable.


lexentry: eng/T-beam__Noun__1
written_rep: T-beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: teownik
sense_list:
(construction, mechanical engineering) A structural member with a cross section shaped like the letter T.


lexentry: eng/T-junction__Noun__1
written_rep: T-junction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skrzyżowanie w kształcie litery T
sense_list:
An intersection of routes where one road terminates as it joins a (usually higher priority) road at approximately 90°. In most countries, a give way or stop road sign will be seen at a T-junction. | A similarly shaped section in a pipe, etc.


lexentry: eng/T-ray__Noun__1
written_rep: T-ray
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fala submilimetrowa
sense_list:
(electrical engineering, electromagnetism, also, attributive, chiefly, in the plural) An electromagnetic wave with a frequency intermediate between, and sharing the properties of, short radio waves and long infrared waves, generally in the 0.1 to 10 terahertz (THz) band of frequencies. [from mid 1990s]


lexentry: eng/T-shirt__Noun__1
written_rep: T-shirt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koszulka | T-shirt
sense_list:
(clothing) A lightweight shirt without buttons, usually with short sleeves and no collar. Often made of cotton and frequently bears a picture or slogan.


lexentry: eng/T-square__Noun__1
written_rep: T-square
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przykładnica
sense_list:
A rule with a short perpendicular crosspiece at one end, used by draughtsmen to draw parallel lines.


lexentry: eng/Tabasco__Noun__1
written_rep: Tabasco
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tabasco
sense_list:
A spicy pepper sauce made from tabasco pepper (a chili pepper) with the addition of vinegar and salt.


lexentry: eng/Tacitus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tacitus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tacyt
sense_list:
A Roman cognomen, notably borne by Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (c.56–117), a historian of ancient Rome and Marcus Claudius Tacitus (c.200–275), a Roman emperor.


lexentry: eng/Taimyr__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Taimyr
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tajmyr
sense_list:
A large peninsula in the Russian North that forms the northernmost part of mainland Eurasia and Asia in Krasnoyarsk kray, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Taipei__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Taipei
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tajpej
sense_list:
The capital city of and a special municipality of Taiwan, located in the northern part of the island of Taiwan. [from late 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Taiwan_Strait__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Taiwan Strait
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cieśnina Tajwańska
sense_list:
The strait dividing mainland Asia (incl. mainland China) from Taiwan island and connecting the East and South China Seas.


lexentry: eng/Taiwan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Taiwan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tajwan | Formoza
sense_list:
A partly-recognized country in East Asia consisting of a main island and 167 smaller islands. Official name: Republic of China. Capital: Taipei. [from 20th c.] | An island between the Taiwan Strait and Philippine Sea in East Asia. [1600s]


lexentry: eng/Taj_Mahal__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Taj Mahal
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tadź Mahal | Tadż Mahal
sense_list:
A monument in Agra, India, constructed between 1631 and 1654, considered one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in the world.


lexentry: eng/Tajik__Adjective__1
written_rep: Tajik
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tadżycki
sense_list:
Of, from, or pertaining to Tajikistan, the Tajik people (living in Tajikistan and Afghanistan) or the Tajiki dialect of Persian.


lexentry: eng/Taliban__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Taliban
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Taliban | Talibowie
sense_list:
A Deobandi Islamist and largely Pashtun religious political movement founded in Afghanistan in 1994 by mullah Mohammad Omar, which has governed the country from 1996 to 2001 and since 2021.


lexentry: eng/Talmud__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Talmud
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Talmud
sense_list:
(Judaism) A collection of Jewish writings related to the practical application of Judaic law and tradition (may refer to either the Babylonian Talmud or the shorter Jerusalem Talmud).


lexentry: eng/Talmudic__Adjective__1
written_rep: Talmudic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: talmudyczny
sense_list:
(history) Of or relating to the era of Jewish history, immediately following the destruction of the Second Temple, during which the Talmud was being compiled (c. 70–500 AD). [19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Tamil_Tigers__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tamil Tigers
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tamilskie Tygrysy
sense_list:
A former guerrilla and conventional militant organization that sought the establishment of an independent homeland () in the northeast of Sri Lanka for the minority Tamil community.


lexentry: eng/Tamil__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tamil
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tamilski
sense_list:
A Dravidian language spoken in the state of Tamil Nadu, India and in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia.


lexentry: eng/Tanakh__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tanakh
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tanach
sense_list:
(Bible, Judaism) The body of Jewish scripture comprising the Torah, the Neviim (prophets) and the Ketuvim (writings); corresponding to the Christian Old Testament (or roughly so, depending on the denomination).


lexentry: eng/Tanganyika__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tanganyika
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tanganika
sense_list:
Synonym of Lake Tanganyika, a lake in Africa. | A former British mandate and territory and, between 1961 and 1964, an independent country in East Africa which became most of Tanzania.


lexentry: eng/Tangier__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tangier
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tanger
sense_list:
A port city, the capital of the region of Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco, on the Strait of Gibraltar.


lexentry: eng/Tantalus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tantalus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tantal
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) A Phrygian king who was condemned to remain in Tartarus, chin-deep in water, with fruit-laden branches hanging above his head; whenever he tried to drink or eat, the water and fruit receded out of reach.


lexentry: eng/Tao__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tao
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dao | tao
sense_list:
(Chinese, _, philosophy) In Taoism, The Way, specifically the transcendental basis of nature and, and/or the ideal way to live one's life.


lexentry: eng/Taoism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Taoism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: taoizm | daoizm
sense_list:
A Chinese mystical philosophy traditionally founded by Lao-tzu in the 6th century B.C.E. that teaches conformity to the tao by unassertive action and simplicity. | A religion developed from Taoist philosophy and folk and Buddhist religion and concerned with obtaining long life and good fortune often by magical means.


lexentry: eng/Tartarus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tartarus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tartar
sense_list:
(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) A dark and gloomy part of the realm of Hades, reserved for the damned and the wicked, such as the Titans; an equivalent of hell in Greek and Roman mythology.


lexentry: eng/Tarzan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tarzan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tarzan
sense_list:
(fiction) A heroic fictional character, raised from a baby to adulthood in the African jungle by apes.


lexentry: eng/Tasmania__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tasmania
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tasmania
sense_list:
One of the six federal states of Australia, consisting of one large, eponymous and several much smaller islands, off the eastern part of Australia's south coast; a former British colony, from 1856 to 1901. Capital: Hobart. | The large island of Australia comprising the majority of the state of Tasmania's land area and on which most of its inhabitants live.


lexentry: eng/Tatar__Noun__1
written_rep: Tatar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tatar | Tatarka
sense_list:
A person belonging to one of several Turkic ethnic groups identifying as "Tatar" in Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia.


lexentry: eng/Tatar__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tatar
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tatarski
sense_list:
An agglutinative language belonging to the Altai group of Turkic languages. It is an official language of Tatarstan. There are some eight million speakers spread across Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia.


lexentry: eng/Tatarstan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tatarstan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tatarstan
sense_list:
A republic and federal subject of south-central Russia. Official name: Republic of Tatarstan. Capital: Kazan.


lexentry: eng/Tatary__Proper_noun__2
written_rep: Tatary
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Tatary
sense_list:
A locality in Zakopane, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland. | A hamlet in Biały Dunajec, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland. | A village in the Gmina of Kadzidło, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland.


written_rep: Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu
part_of_speech: properNoun
sense_list: A hill near Pōrangahau, in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateapokaiwhenuakitanatahu
lexentry:
eng/Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu__Proper_noun__1


lexentry: eng/Taurus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Taurus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Byk
sense_list:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a bull and containing the star Aldebaran. | (astrology) The zodiac sign for the bull, ruled by Venus and covering April 21 - May 21 (tropical astrology) or May 16 - June 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Taylor__Proper_noun__2
written_rep: Taylor
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Krawczyk | Krawiec | Sznajder
sense_list:
A city in Williamson County, Texas; named for railroad official Edward Moses Taylor. | A minor city in Stark County, North Dakota; named for railroad official David R. Taylor. | A number of townships in the United States, listed under Taylor Township.


lexentry: eng/Taylor_series__Noun__1
written_rep: Taylor series
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szereg Taylora
sense_list:
(calculus) A power series representation of given infinitely differentiable function \textstyle f whose terms are calculated from the function's arbitrary order derivatives at given reference point \textstyle a; the series \textstyle f(a)+\frac {f'(a)}{1!} (x-a)+ \frac{f(a)}{2!} (x-a)^2+\frac{f(a)}{3!}(x-a)^3+ \cdots = \sum_{n=0} ^ {\infty} \frac {f^{(n)}(a)}{n!} (x-a)^{n}.


lexentry: eng/Tchaikovsky__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tchaikovsky
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Czajkowski
sense_list:
A transliteration of the Russian surname Чайко́вский (Čajkóvskij), usually applying to Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.


lexentry: eng/Tehran__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tehran
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Teheran
sense_list:
The capital city of Iran, the seat of Tehran County's Central District and the capital of Tehran Province.


lexentry: eng/Telescopium__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Telescopium
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Luneta
sense_list:
(constellation) A small faint constellation of the southern winter sky, said to resemble a telescope. It lies south of the constellation of Corona Australis.


lexentry: eng/Telesphoros__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Telesphoros
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Telesforos
sense_list:
(Greek god) A god/personification of complete recuperation from illness or injury. He is a healer and a son of Asclepius and Epione.


lexentry: eng/Teletext__Noun__1
written_rep: Teletext
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: teletekst
sense_list:
(UK, Ireland) A text-based information retrieval system using television sets with a suitable decoder; developed by the BBC.


lexentry: eng/Teletubby__Noun__1
written_rep: Teletubby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: teletubiś
sense_list:
Any of the four color-coded tubby human-like characters in the BBC children's television series Teletubbies.


lexentry: eng/Telmanove__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Telmanove
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Telmanowe
sense_list:
(as Telmanove selrada) Former name of Boikivske selrada: a former selrada (until 1971, a silrada) of Boikivske Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine; known by this name 1971–2016. | (as Telmanove silrada) Former name of Boikivske selrada: a former selrada (until 1971, a silrada) of Boikivske Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine; known by this name 1935–1971.


lexentry: eng/Telmanove__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Telmanove
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Telmanowe | rejon telmanowski
sense_list:
(as Telmanove Raion) Former name of Boikivske Raion: a former raion of Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine; known by this name 1935–2016.


lexentry: eng/Temple__Proper_noun__2
written_rep: Temple
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sanktuarium
sense_list:
(Judaism, Christianity, historical) Any of the former chief temples to YHWH in Jerusalem, particularly Solomon's Temple. | Either of two of the Inns of Court in London (the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple), built on a site once occupied by the Knights Templar.


lexentry: eng/Ten_Commandments__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ten Commandments
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dekalog | dziesięcioro przykazań | dziesięć przykazań
sense_list:
(bible) A particular list of religious and moral imperatives which, according to the Old Testament of the Bible or the Hebrew Bible, were twice given or dictated by God to Moses on Mount Sinai and inscribed on two stone tablets. | (slang, dated) The ten fingernails, used by women when fighting.


lexentry: eng/Tengrism__Noun__1
written_rep: Tengrism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tengryzm
sense_list:
A Central Asian religion characterized by features of shamanism, animism, totemism, both polytheism and monotheism, and ancestor worship. It was the state religion of the six ancient Turkic states.


lexentry: eng/Termagant__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Termagant
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Termagant
sense_list:
(archaic, historical) A fictitious deity with a violent temperament who featured in medieval mystery plays, represented as being worshipped by Muslims or (less commonly) other non-Christians.


lexentry: eng/Terpsichore__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Terpsichore
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Terpsychora
sense_list:
(Greek god) The goddess of dance and the dramatic chorus, and one of the Muses; the daughters of Zeus & Mnemosyne.


lexentry: eng/Terracotta_Army__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Terracotta Army
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Terakotowa Armia
sense_list:
A collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China, located in Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China.


lexentry: eng/Tethys__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tethys
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Tetyda
sense_list:
(geology) A large ocean which formerly lay between Eurasia and Africa. | (astronomy) A moon of Saturn.


lexentry: eng/Tetragrammaton__Noun__1
written_rep: Tetragrammaton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tetragram
sense_list:
(Judaism) The word in four Hebrew letters יהוה (in transliteration as YHWH or JHVH) used as the ineffable name of God in the Hebrew Bible, variously rendered as Yahweh or Jehovah.


lexentry: eng/Tetris__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tetris
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tetris
sense_list:
A puzzle video game in which falling tetrominoes must be manipulated to form complete lines, which are then cleared from the grid.


lexentry: eng/Teutonic_Knights__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Teutonic Knights
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zakon Krzyżacki
sense_list:
A German religious order founded in the late 12th century and known for conquering the Baltic Prussians and bringing Prussia under German control; the order exists today as a charitable organisation.


lexentry: eng/Texas_hold_'em__Noun__1
written_rep: Texas hold 'em
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Texas hold 'em
sense_list:
A variant of poker in which players receive two cards each, and five other cards are shared between them.


lexentry: eng/Thailand__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thailand
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tajlandia
sense_list:
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Kingdom of Thailand. Capital: Bangkok. Former name: Siam.


lexentry: eng/Thames__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thames
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: Tamiza
sense_list:
(with the) A river in the U.S. State of Connecticut flowing 24 km (15 mi.) past New London to Long Island Sound.


lexentry: eng/Tharau__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tharau
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tarowo
sense_list:
(historical) A village, located in what was historically East Prussia and is now the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.


lexentry: eng/Thatcherism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thatcherism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: taczeryzm | thatcheryzm
sense_list:
(UK politics) The political ideology attributed to the governments of British prime minister Margaret Thatcher (1979–1990), characterised by, among other things, a free market economy, privatisation, low taxation, austerity and opposition to unionisation.


lexentry: eng/The_Game__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: The Game
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gra
sense_list:
A mind game where the objective is to avoid thinking about "The Game", and by thinking about it one loses, and subsequently has to announce one's loss to the world in order to make them lose.


lexentry: eng/Thebes__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thebes
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Teby
sense_list:
A city in central Greece, the capital city of Boeotia and an important political centre in antiquity. | An ancient city and archaeological site in Upper Egypt, having functioned as capital city at times during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Thelema__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thelema
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Thelema
sense_list:
A spiritual and social philosophy developed in the early 1900s, calling each person to act in alignment with his or her True Will (which may or may not be the same as personal wishes) as a basis for spiritual growth.


lexentry: eng/Themis__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Themis
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Temida
sense_list:
(Greek god) A Titan, the embodiment of divine order, law and custom. She was the daughter of Gaia and Uranus.


lexentry: eng/Theophany__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Theophany
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: teofania
sense_list:
One of the Great Feasts of the Eastern Orthodox Church, commemorating the revelation of Jesus' divinity, especially in his baptism by John the Baptist.


lexentry: eng/Theophilus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Theophilus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Teofil
sense_list:
(biblical character) The addressee of the Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles. | A en given name; rare in English.


lexentry: eng/Theotokos__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Theotokos
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Bogarodzica | Bogurodzica
sense_list:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Orthodoxy) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role giving birth to God.


lexentry: eng/Thermidor__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thermidor
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: thermidor
sense_list:
(historical) The eleventh month of the French Republican Calendar, from July 19 or 20 to August 17 or 18.


lexentry: eng/Thermopylae__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thermopylae
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Termopile
sense_list:
A narrow pass on the east-central coast of Greece adjacent to the Maliakos Gulf, northwest of Athens. Its name is derived from its hot sulphur springs. It was the site of the Battle of Thermopylae, at which the Spartan King Leonidas stood off, for a time, the Persian armies of Xerxes.


lexentry: eng/Thessalonians__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thessalonians
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: List do Tesaloniczan
sense_list:
(biblical) Books in the New Testament of the Bible (1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians), epistles to the Christians in ancient Thessaloniki.


lexentry: eng/Thessaly__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thessaly
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tesalia
sense_list:
A historical region and administrative region in north-central Greece; one of its 13 peripheries. It contains the prefectures of Karditsa, Larissa, Magnesia and Trikala.


lexentry: eng/Third_World__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Third World
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trzeci świat | Trzeci Świat
sense_list:
(historical, politics) Those countries not aligned with the west or the east during the Cold War. | (sometimes, pejorative) developing countries, especially that of Africa, Asia and Latin America | (attributive, pejorative, informal) Any developing country, or a country lacking the perceived internationally respected ideal standards of a society (e.g. sufficient rule of law and internationally respected level of prosperity).


lexentry: eng/Thomas__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thomas
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tomasz
sense_list:
An Apostle, best remembered for doubting the resurrection of Jesus. | A en given name of biblical origin, popular since the 13th century. | A common surname originating as a patronymic.


lexentry: eng/Thor__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thor
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Thor
sense_list:
(Norse mythology, and, paganism) A hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, and the protection of mankind.


lexentry: eng/Thoth__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thoth
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Thot | Tot
sense_list:
(Egyptian god) The ancient Egyptian moon god of wisdom, learning, and magic, usually depicted as an ibis or baboon.


lexentry: eng/Thucydides__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Thucydides
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tukidydes
sense_list:
A great ancient Greek historian (c. 460 BCE – c. 395 BCE) and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War, which recounts the 5th century BCE war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 BCE.


lexentry: eng/Thuringian__Noun__1
written_rep: Thuringian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Turynka | Turyńczyk
sense_list:
A native or inhabitant of Thuringia, Germany. | (historical) A member of an ancient Germanic tribe inhabiting central Germany.


lexentry: eng/Thursday__Noun__1
written_rep: Thursday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czwartek
sense_list:
The fifth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fourth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Wednesday and precedes Friday.


lexentry: eng/Tianjin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tianjin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tiencin
sense_list:
A direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China, between Beijing and the Bohai Bay.


lexentry: eng/Tiberius__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tiberius
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tyberiusz
sense_list:
(historical) A en given name of mostly historical use, in particular, the praenomen of the second Roman emperor Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus, reigning 14-37 C.E..


lexentry: eng/Tibet__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tibet
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tybet
sense_list:
A geographic region in Central Asia (mostly in China), the homeland of the Tibetan people, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau. | (historical) A former country in East Asia that existed from 1912 until its annexation by China in 1951.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_Buddhism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tibetan Buddhism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lamaizm
sense_list:
The body of Buddhist religious doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet, Mongolia, Tuva, Bhutan, Kalmykia, Buryatia and certain regions of the Himalayas, including northern Nepal, and India.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_Mastiff__Noun__1
written_rep: Tibetan Mastiff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mastyf tybetański
sense_list:
A large dog of a breed from Central Asia, having a medium to long double coat in a wide variety of colors, sometimes with white markings around neck, chest, and legs.


lexentry: eng/Tibetan_fox__Noun__1
written_rep: Tibetan fox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lis tybetański
sense_list:
Vulpes ferrilata, a species of true fox endemic to the high Tibetan Plateau in Nepal, China, and India


lexentry: eng/Tierra_del_Fuego__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tierra del Fuego
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Ziemia Ognista
sense_list:
An archipelago and geographic region of Chile and Argentina, consisting of this island and a number of smaller surrounding islands.


lexentry: eng/Tigris__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tigris
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tygrys
sense_list:
A river in Southwest Asia flowing 1,150 miles east-southeast from the Armenian Highland in Turkey through Iraq. It forms the eastern edge of classical Mesopotamia. It unites with the Euphrates River to form the Shatt al-Arab before flowing into the Persian Gulf.


lexentry: eng/Tirana__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tirana
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tirana
sense_list:
A municipality, the capital and largest city of Albania, located in the center of the country west of the mountain of Dajti on the plain of Tirana; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality.


lexentry: eng/Tishrei__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tishrei
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tiszri
sense_list:
(Judaism) The first month of the civil year and the seventh month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Elul and before Cheshvan.


lexentry: eng/Tisiphone__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tisiphone
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tyzyfone
sense_list:
(Greek god, Roman god) One of the Erinyes/Dirae (Furies, the goddesses of vengeance), and a companion of Nemesis/Invidia.


lexentry: eng/Titan__Noun__1
written_rep: Titan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tytan
sense_list:
(Greek god) Any of the race of giant gods in Greek mythology that preceded and was overthrown by the Olympian gods.


lexentry: eng/Titoism__Noun__1
written_rep: Titoism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: titoizm
sense_list:
The political ideas or policies associated with Josip Broz Tito; in particular, an adaptation of Marxist-Leninist ideology, characterized by experiments with workers’ self-management instead of central planning and a foreign policy of independence from both the Soviet and Western blocs.


lexentry: eng/Titus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Titus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Tytus | List do Tytusa
sense_list:
Titus Caesar Vespasianus, a Roman Emperor who succeeded Vespasian and preceded Domitian. | A en given name.


lexentry: eng/Tobias__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tobias
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tobiasz
sense_list:
The main character in the Book of Tobit, regarded as apocryphal by most Protestants (Biblical character). | A en given name.


lexentry: eng/Tobit__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tobit
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Księga Tobiasza | Księga Tobita
sense_list:
(biblical character) A book of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canon of the Old Testament, considered apocryphal by Protestants.


lexentry: eng/Tocharian__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tocharian
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tocharski
sense_list:
(linguistics) An extinct branch of the Indo-European language family, consisting of two languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B, written in an abugida derived from Brahmi.


lexentry: eng/Tom_Thumb__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tom Thumb
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Paluszek | Tomcio Paluch
sense_list:
A fairy-tale character who is the size of a person's thumb; the protagonist and hero of the fairy tale The History of Tom Thumb.


lexentry: eng/Tonga__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tonga
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tonga
sense_list:
A country and archipelago of Polynesia in Oceania. Official name: Kingdom of Tonga. Capital and largest city: Nuku'alofa.


lexentry: eng/Tongyong_Pinyin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tongyong Pinyin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tongyong pinyin
sense_list:
A system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese developed and implemented in the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the 1990s.


lexentry: eng/Torah__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Torah
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tora
sense_list:
(Abrahamism) The first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, traditionally attributed to Moses and therefore also known as the Five Books of Moses. [1570s] | (Judaism) The full body of written Jewish law, including the Tanakh, the Talmud, the Mishnah and the midrashic texts.


lexentry: eng/Torbay_sole__Noun__1
written_rep: Torbay sole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szkarłacica
sense_list:
(UK) An Atlantic flatfish of species Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (syn. Pleuronectes cynoglossus); witch.


lexentry: eng/Tory__Noun__1
written_rep: Tory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Torys
sense_list:
(UK politics) A member or supporter of the Conservative Party, which evolved from Royalist politicians; historically associated with upholding the rights of the monarchy and the privileges of the established Church. | (Canadian politics) A member or supporter of the Conservative Party of Canada, one of that party's predecessors, or an affiliated provincial political party.


lexentry: eng/Tower_of_Babel__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tower of Babel
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wieża Babel
sense_list:
(biblical) A tower erected at Babel by the descendants of Noah's son Ham to reach the sky, and whose completion God thwarted by making the workers speak different languages so that they were unable to understand one another.


lexentry: eng/Tower_of_London__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tower of London
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tower | Tower of London
sense_list:
A riverside fortress in London, used as a palace, a prison and now a museum housing the Crown Jewels.


lexentry: eng/Traditional_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Traditional Chinese
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tradycyjne pismo chińskie | znak tradycyjnego pisma chińskiego
sense_list:
Chinese written using the traditional form of Chinese characters, as opposed to Simplified Chinese (introduced by the PRC as script reform).


lexentry: eng/Transdanubia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Transdanubia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Kraj Zadunajski
sense_list:
A traditional region of Hungary, bounded by the Danube river (north and east), the Drava and Mura rivers (south), and the foothills of the Alps roughly along the border between Hungary and Austria (west).


lexentry: eng/Transfiguration__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Transfiguration
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Przemienienie Pańskie | Transfiguracja
sense_list:
(Christianity) An annual feast day, observed on August 6th (Gregorian) or 19th (Julian), celebrating the miracle when the face of Jesus "shone like the sun" before the apostles.


lexentry: eng/Transnistria__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Transnistria
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Naddniestrze
sense_list:
A geographic region and de-facto independent but unrecognized country in Eastern Europe that claims statehood as the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic; internationally considered an autonomous territorial unit within Moldova.


lexentry: eng/Transvaal__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Transvaal
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Transwal
sense_list:
A geographical region and former province (until 1994) of South Africa between the Vaal and Limpopo rivers.


lexentry: eng/Treasury__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Treasury
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Skarb Państwa
sense_list:
Any specific instance of a government department responsible for the collection, management, and expenditure of public revenue.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum_Australe__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Triangulum Australe
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Trójkąt Południowy
sense_list:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the southern sky, which has three bright stars that form a triangle. It lies north of the constellation Apus, between Ara and Circinus.


lexentry: eng/Triangulum__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Triangulum
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Trójkąt
sense_list:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the northern sky whose brightest three stars form a small triangle. It lies near Perseus, between Aries and Andromeda.


lexentry: eng/Triassic__Adjective__1
written_rep: Triassic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: triasowy
sense_list:
Of or from the geologic strata above the Permian and below the Jurassic; of or belonging to the period 250 to 200 million years ago when these strata were laid down.


lexentry: eng/Triassic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Triassic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trias | Trias
sense_list:
(geology) A geologic period within the Mesozoic era, comprising lower, middle and upper epochs from about 250 to 200 million years ago.


lexentry: eng/Tridentine__Adjective__1
written_rep: Tridentine
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: trydencki
sense_list:
(Catholicism) Pertaining to the form of Mass promulgated at the Council of Trent, often called the Tridentine Mass.


lexentry: eng/Trieste__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Trieste
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Triest
sense_list:
A province of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia autonomous region, Italy. | A city in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia autonomous region, Italy, the capital of the province.


lexentry: eng/Trinidad_and_Tobago__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Trinidad and Tobago
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Trynidad i Tobago
sense_list:
A country consisting of two main islands and several smaller islands in the Caribbean, off the coast of Venezuela. Official name: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago.


lexentry: eng/Trinity_Sunday__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Trinity Sunday
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Święto Trójcy Świętej
sense_list:
The Sunday after Whitsunday/Pentecost in the Western Christian tradition (or the Sunday of Pentecost in the Eastern Christian tradition), observed as a liturgical feast in honor of the Holy Trinity.


lexentry: eng/Trinity__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Trinity
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Trójca Święta
sense_list:
(Christianity) In Christian belief, the three persons of the Godhead: the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.


lexentry: eng/Tripoli__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tripoli
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Trypolis
sense_list:
The capital city of Libya, originally three separate settlements known as Oea, Sabratha, and Leptis Magna. | A city in Lebanon, originally jointly administered by the three cities of Tyre, Sidon, and Aradus.


lexentry: eng/Trojan_asteroid__Noun__1
written_rep: Trojan asteroid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trojańczyk
sense_list:
(astrophysics) an asteroid occupying the Trojan points of the Sun-Jupiter system | (astrophysics) by extension, any asteroid occupying a Trojan point


lexentry: eng/Trojan_horse__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Trojan horse
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koń trojański
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) The hollow wooden horse by which the Greeks allegedly gained access to Troy during the Trojan War.


lexentry: eng/Trojan_point__Noun__1
written_rep: Trojan point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: punkt trojański
sense_list:
(astrophysics) the L4 and L5 Lagrange points of the Sun-Jupiter orbital configuration | (astrophysics) by extension, any L4 and L5 Lagrange points


lexentry: eng/Tropic_of_Cancer__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tropic of Cancer
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwrotnik Raka
sense_list:
(geography) The parallel of latitude 23°26′ north of the equator, marking the northern boundary of the tropics; the sun is directly overhead at the June solstice.


lexentry: eng/Tropic_of_Capricorn__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tropic of Capricorn
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwrotnik Koziorożca
sense_list:
(geography) The parallel of latitude 23°26′ south of the equator, marking the southern boundary of the tropics; the sun is directly overhead at the December solstice.


lexentry: eng/Trostianets__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Trostianets
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Trościaniec
sense_list:
A city, the administrative centre of Trostianets urban hromada, Okhtyrka Raion, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1660. | A former miskrada of Trostianets Raion, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine, amalgamated into Trostianets urban hromada in July 2017; administrative centre and sole constituent settlement: Trostianets.


lexentry: eng/Trotskyism__Noun__1
written_rep: Trotskyism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trockizm
sense_list:
The left-wing political philosophy named after and based on the ideas of Leon Trotsky that is characterized by international socialism, opposition to Stalinism, the theory of permanent revolution and the theory of the vanguard party.


lexentry: eng/Trotskyite__Noun__1
written_rep: Trotskyite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trockista | trockistka
sense_list:
(derogatory) An advocate of the communist doctrines of Leon Trotsky (born Лев Дави́дович Бронште́йн / Lev Davidovich Bronstein).


lexentry: eng/Trzebiatów__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Trzebiatów
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Trzebiatów
sense_list:
A town in the gmina of the same name in Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, established in the ninth century. | A village in the Gmina of Stargard, Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland.


lexentry: eng/Tskhinvali__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tskhinvali
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cchinwali
sense_list:
The capital city of South Ossetia, a de-facto independent country internationally recognized as part of the country of Georgia.


lexentry: eng/Tucana__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tucana
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tukan
sense_list:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a toucan. It lies south of the constellations Phoenix and Grus.


lexentry: eng/Tuesday__Noun__1
written_rep: Tuesday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wtorek
sense_list:
The third day of the week in many religious traditions, and the second day of the week in systems that use the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Monday and precedes Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/Turin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Turin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Turyn
sense_list:
A city and comune, the capital of the Metropolitan City of Turin and the region of Piedmont, Italy. | A metropolitan city of Piedmont, established in 2015; in full, the Metropolitan City of Turin.


lexentry: eng/Turing_machine__Noun__1
written_rep: Turing machine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: maszyna Turinga
sense_list:
(computing theory) An abstract computing machine that has a finite number of possible internal states and operates on an infinite memory tape by first reading a symbol from a cell in the tape, and then, deterministically, based on that symbol and the machine’s state, writing a symbol in that cell, moving to a neighboring cell, and/or changing state.


lexentry: eng/Turing_test__Noun__1
written_rep: Turing test
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: test Turinga
sense_list:
(artificial intelligence) A test of a computer's ability to demonstrate intelligence, as measured by whether a human judge can reliably distinguish the computer from another human being by conversing with both entities in written natural language over a terminal.


lexentry: eng/Turkestan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Turkestan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Turkiestan
sense_list:
(historical) The regions of Central Asia lying between Siberia to the north; Tibet (Xizang) and Xinjiang, China, modern-day Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran to the south; the Gobi Desert to the east; and the Caspian Sea to the west.


lexentry: eng/Turkey__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Turkey
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Turcja
sense_list:
A country located in Eastern Thrace in Southeastern Europe and Anatolia in West Asia. Official name: Republic of Türkiye. Capital: Ankara.


lexentry: eng/Turkification__Noun__1
written_rep: Turkification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: turkizacja
sense_list:
Making something more Turkic; assimilation (of a place, people etc) into a Turkic states or culture; introduction of Turks to an institution etc.


lexentry: eng/Turkish__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Turkish
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: turecki
sense_list:
The official language of Turkey, Republic of Cyprus (alongside Greek) and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.


lexentry: eng/Turkish_coffee__Noun__1
written_rep: Turkish coffee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kawa po turecku
sense_list:
Coffee prepared by boiling finely powdered roast coffee beans in a pot, possibly with sugar, and serving it into a cup, where the dregs settle.


lexentry: eng/Turkologist__Noun__1
written_rep: Turkologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: turkolog
sense_list:
A scholar specializing in the languages, history or cultures of Turkic peoples, including for example Turkish, Kazakh, Uzbek, Azerbaijani, Kyrgyz, Uyghur, Tuvan, Altai, Shor, and Karakalpak.


lexentry: eng/Turner_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: Turner syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zespół Turnera
sense_list:
(medicine, medical genetics) A particular genetic condition, caused by partially or completely missing an X chromosome (monosomy), that leads to sterility and other issues.


lexentry: eng/Tutankhamun__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tutankhamun
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tutanchamon
sense_list:
Ancient Egyptian pharaoh known for his young age and his tomb, which was preserved intact to the modern age.


lexentry: eng/Tweedle-dee__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tweedle-dee
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dyludyludi
sense_list:
A fictional little fat man who is the twin brother of Tweedle-dum and appears in multiple artistic works, including certain nursery rhymes and Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass.


lexentry: eng/Tweedle-dum__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tweedle-dum
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dyludyludam
sense_list:
A fictional little fat man who is the twin brother of Tweedle-dee and appears in multiple artistic works, including certain nursery rhymes and Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass.


lexentry: eng/Twelve_Days_of_Christmas__Noun__1
written_rep: Twelve Days of Christmas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dwanaście dni Świąt Bożego Narodzenia
sense_list:
The season or time made up of the twelve days between Christmas and Epiphany; Christmas season, Christmas time, Christmastide, Twelvetide. The Christmas season traditionally ended with the feast of the Epiphany on January 6.


lexentry: eng/Twitter__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Twitter
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Twitter
sense_list:
(trademark) An online social networking and microblogging service; officially known as X since 2023.


lexentry: eng/TypeScript__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: TypeScript
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: TypeScript
sense_list:
(scripting language) A scripting programming language that is a strongly-typed superset of JavaScript.


lexentry: eng/Typhon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Typhon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tyfon
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) The most powerful and feared of all Greek monsters, having the head, arms, and torso of a man, and his bottom half consisting of countless dragons or serpents. Some stories also say that his hands ended in serpents and that he bears 100 heads. He is shrouded in giant wings, his eyes blaze a white fire, and his arms reach towards the stars.


lexentry: eng/Tyre__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tyre
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tyr
sense_list:
A city in Lebanon, a major port on the Levantine Sea that was a city-state in Phoenicia in antiquity and the capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem during the Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/Tyrol__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tyrol
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Tyrol
sense_list:
A geographic region in Central Europe including the state of Tyrol in Austria and the regions of South Tyrol and Trentino in Italy.


lexentry: eng/Tyrolean__Noun__1
written_rep: Tyrolean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tyrolczyk
sense_list:
A native or inhabitant of the state of Tyrol, Austria. | A native or inhabitant of the autonomous province of South Tyrol, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy.


lexentry: eng/Tyrolese__Adjective__1
written_rep: Tyrolese
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tyrolski
sense_list:
Of, from or relating to the state of Tyrol, Austria. | Of, from or relating to the autonomous province of South Tyrol, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy.


lexentry: eng/Tyrrhenian_Sea__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tyrrhenian Sea
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Morze Tyrreńskie
sense_list:
A part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy, bounded by Corsica and Sardinia (west), Tuscany, Lazio, Campania, and Calabria (east), and Sicily (south).


lexentry: eng/Tyrtaeus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tyrtaeus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tyrtajos | Tyrteusz
sense_list:
An Ancient Greek name, particularly borne by a Greek elegiac poet who lived at Sparta about the middle of the 7th century BC.


lexentry: eng/Tübingen__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Tübingen
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tybinga
sense_list:
A town and rural district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, on the Neckar, with a famous university; once capital of Würtemberg-Hohenzollern


lexentry: eng/U-boat__Noun__1
written_rep: U-boat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: U-Boot
sense_list:
(military, nautical, historical) Any German submarine of the First or Second World War, or any Austro-Hungarian submarine of the First World War.


lexentry: eng/UAV__Noun__1
written_rep: UAV
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezpilotowiec | bezzałogowiec | bezzałogowy statek powietrzny | dron
sense_list:
(aviation) Initialism of unmanned aerial vehicle or uncrewed aerial vehicle: an aircraft with no onboard pilot, and sometimes completely unpiloted, that is capable of controlled, sustained, level flight.


lexentry: eng/UNICEF__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: UNICEF
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: UNICEF
sense_list:
An agency of the United Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide.


lexentry: eng/USSR__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: USSR
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ZSRR
sense_list:
(historical) A former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries; the Soviet Union; in full, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.


lexentry: eng/Uberization__Noun__1
written_rep: Uberization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uberyzacja
sense_list:
(business, commerce, ize-form) The transformation of an existing industry or economy with the help of computing platforms, especially mobile applications, and temporary employment schemes.


lexentry: eng/Udi__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Udi
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: udyjski
sense_list:
A Lezgic language (Northeast Caucasian) spoken by the Udi people who live mostly in Azerbaijan and nearby regions. Probably descended from Caucasian Albanian.


lexentry: eng/Udmurtia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Udmurtia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Udmurcja
sense_list:
A republic and federal subject of Russia, on a plain to the west of the Ural Mountains. Capital: Izhevsk.


lexentry: eng/Ugarit__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ugarit
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ugarit
sense_list:
An ancient port city in northern Syria, discovered by accident in 1928 together with the Ugaritic texts.


lexentry: eng/Ugaritic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ugaritic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ugarycki
sense_list:
The Northwest Semitic language of the ancient city of Ugarit in Syria. Extinct since 1100 B.C.E., it was written in cuneiform.


lexentry: eng/Ukraine__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ukraine
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ukraina
sense_list:
A country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea. Capital and largest city: Kyiv.


lexentry: eng/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ukraińska Socjalistyczna Republika Radziecka
sense_list:
(historical) The Bolshevik state of Ukraine (1919–91), a constituent republic of the Soviet Union (1922–91), member of the United Nations since 1945.


lexentry: eng/Ukrainian_studies__Noun__1
written_rep: Ukrainian studies
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ukrainistyka
sense_list:
(humanities) An academic discipline that includes the study of Ukrainian linguistics, sociolinguistics, language and literature, along with Ukrainian history and culture.


lexentry: eng/Ukrainka__Proper_noun__2
written_rep: Ukrainka
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ukrajinka
sense_list:
A transliteration of the Ukrainian surname Українка (Ukrajinka). | A surname from Ukrainian (feminine)


lexentry: eng/Ulster__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ulster
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ulster
sense_list:
The northern province of Ireland, made up of all six Northern Irish counties and three counties in the Republic of Ireland.


lexentry: eng/Ulyanovsk__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ulyanovsk
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Uljanowsk
sense_list:
A city, the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, on the Volga river. Birthplace of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov).


lexentry: eng/Uncle_Sam__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Uncle Sam
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wuj Sam
sense_list:
(colloquial, originally, US) A personification of the United States federal government or (rare) citizens. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Unicode__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Unicode
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Unicode
sense_list:
(international standards, computing) A series of character encoding standards intended to support the characters used by a large number of the world’s languages.


lexentry: eng/Union_of_South_Africa__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Union of South Africa
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Związek Południowej Afryki
sense_list:
(historical) Former official name of South Africa: a country in Southern Africa; used from 1910 to 1961, when the country was a Commonwealth dominion under nominal British sovereignty.


lexentry: eng/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich | Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich
sense_list:
(historical) A former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries; short form Soviet Union; abbreviation USSR.


lexentry: eng/Unitarian_Universalism__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Unitarian Universalism
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uniwersalizm unitariański
sense_list:
A religion which encourages theological liberalism and an individual search for truth and the adherents of which draw on many different theological sources and have a wide range of beliefs and practices.


lexentry: eng/Unitarian__Noun__1
written_rep: Unitarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: unitarianin-uniwersalista
sense_list:
A follower of Unitarian Universalism or a similar non-credal religion that originated historically from Christian Unitarianism. | A member of a political movement advocating a unitary state rather than a federal one, especially the Unitarios of nineteenth century Argentina (known as the Unitarian Party in English).


lexentry: eng/Unitarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: Unitarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: unitarianizm
sense_list:
A Christian theology that God has one part, rather than the three equal parts (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) posited by Trinitarianism.


lexentry: eng/United_Kingdom__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: United Kingdom
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zjednoczone Królestwo | Wielka Brytania
sense_list:
A kingdom and country in Northern Europe, comprising the four countries of England, Scotland and Wales on the island of Great Britain, and Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland since 1922.


lexentry: eng/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii
sense_list:
(historical) Former official name of the United Kingdom: a country in Northern Europe; in use from 1801–1927 (before being renamed by the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 following the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922).


lexentry: eng/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: United Nations Economic and Social Council
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rada Gospodarcza i Społeczna ONZ
sense_list:
One of the six principal organs of the United Nations, dedicated to coordinate global economical and social affairs.


lexentry: eng/United_Nations_General_Assembly__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: United Nations General Assembly
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ZO ONZ | Zgromadzenie Ogólne Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych
sense_list:
One of the six principal organs of the United Nations and the only one in which all member nations have equal representation.


lexentry: eng/United_Nations__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: United Nations
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Organizacja Narodów Zjednoczonych
sense_list:
(in the singular) An international coalition, founded in 1945 and headquartered in New York City, that aims to promote global co-operation and maintain international order.


lexentry: eng/United_Provinces__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: United Provinces
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Republika Zjednoczonych Prowincji
sense_list:
(historical) A historic region of India, now the state of Uttar Pradesh. | (historical) A republic that existed from the formal creation of a confederacy in 1581 by several Dutch provinces (which earlier seceded from Spanish rule) until the Batavian Revolution in 1795; the predecessor state of the modern Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/United_States_Virgin_Islands__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: United States Virgin Islands
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wyspy Dziewicze Stanów Zjednoczonych
sense_list:
An archipelago and dependent territory of the United States, part of the Virgin Islands in the Caribbean. Official name: Virgin Islands of the United States.


lexentry: eng/United_States_of_America__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: United States of America
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki | Ameryka
sense_list:
A country located primarily in North America, stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean and consisting of fifty states (including Alaska and Hawaii) and the District of Columbia, while asserting sovereignty over several territories. Capital: Washington, D.C.. Largest city: New York City.


lexentry: eng/Unix__Noun__1
written_rep: Unix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Unix
sense_list:
(computing, informal) Any of the above plus Unix-like operating systems similar to Unix but not qualifying for use of the UNIX trademark.


lexentry: eng/Upper_Egypt__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Upper Egypt
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Górny Egipt
sense_list:
(Egyptology) The part of Ancient Egypt south of Memphis, so named because the Nile flows south to north.


lexentry: eng/Upper_German__Noun__1
written_rep: Upper German
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dialekt górnoniemiecki
sense_list:
One of two major dialect groups of the High German language; spoken primarily in southern Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Alsace, and South Tyrol; distinguished from Central German / Middle German (= Mitteldeutsch) by the shifts of Proto-Germanic *-pp-, *-mp- to -pf-, -mpf-.


lexentry: eng/Upper_Silesia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Upper Silesia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Górny Śląsk
sense_list:
A historical region in Central Europe, the southeastern part of Silesia, today mostly within Poland with a small strip located in the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Upper_South__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Upper South
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wyższe Południe
sense_list:
The northern part of the South (Southern United States), typically consisting of North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, and eastern Oklahoma, sometimes also inclusive of southern Missouri, Virginia, West Virginia, Kentucky, eastern/southern/western Maryland, and southern Delaware.


lexentry: eng/Ural_Mountains__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ural Mountains
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ural
sense_list:
A range of mountains in Russia that stretch from the Arctic to the Caspian Sea; traditionally, the border between Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/Uralic__Adjective__1
written_rep: Uralic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uralski
sense_list:
Pertaining to the Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic peoples, whose urheimat was the Ural Mountains, or to their languages, which constitute a language family, the Uralic languages.


lexentry: eng/Uranus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Uranus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Uranos | Uran
sense_list:
(Greek god) The Greek god who personified the sky and heavens and fathered the Titans. Roman counterpart: Caelus.


lexentry: eng/Urartu__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Urartu
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Urartu
sense_list:
An Iron Age kingdom flourishing 9th-6th century BC, located in the Armenian Highland and centred in the mountainous region around Lake Van.


lexentry: eng/Urdu__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Urdu
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: urdu
sense_list:
Modern Standard Urdu, an Indo-Aryan language with native speakers mainly in Pakistan and North India. It is a standardized and Persianized version of Hindustani.


lexentry: eng/Uriah__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Uriah
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Uriasz
sense_list:
(biblical character) The husband of Bathsheba whom David sent to death. | (rather rare) A en given name of Biblical origin.


lexentry: eng/Urim_and_Thummim__Noun__1
written_rep: Urim and Thummim
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Urim i Tumim
sense_list:
Certain sacred objects (whose precise form and nature is unknown) that were worn on the breastplate of the Jewish high priest, as described in the Bible, and used in divination or casting lots. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/Ursa_Major__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ursa Major
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wielka Niedźwiedzica
sense_list:
(constellation) A large circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a bear. It includes the familiar asterism the Big Dipper and the stars Mizar, Dubhe, and Alkaid.


lexentry: eng/Ursa_Minor__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ursa Minor
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Mała Niedźwiedzica
sense_list:
(constellation) A circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a bear. It includes the familiar asterism of the Little Dipper and, as part of it, the northern pole star Polaris, as well as Kochab.


lexentry: eng/Uruguay__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Uruguay
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Urugwaj
sense_list:
A country in South America. Official name: Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Capital and largest city: Montevideo.


lexentry: eng/Usonia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Usonia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Stany Zjednoczone
sense_list:
The United States of America; a mononymous name for the country that does not convey the ambiguity of "America".


lexentry: eng/Utrecht__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Utrecht
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Utrecht
sense_list:
A city and municipality, the capital of Utrecht province, Netherlands. | A province of the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Uzhhorod__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Uzhhorod
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Użhorod | Użgorod
sense_list:
A city in the Carpathian Mountains, municipal and regional administrative centre of Zakarpattia Oblast in western Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/VE_Day__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: VE Day
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Narodowy Dzień Zwycięstwa
sense_list:
Initialism of Victory in Europe Day: the date 8 May 1945 when Germany unconditionally surrendered its armed forces to the Allies, bringing World War II to an end; and each anniversary commemorating that date.


lexentry: eng/Valence__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Valence
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Walencja
sense_list:
A city and commune, the capital of the department of Drôme, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, southeastern France.


lexentry: eng/Valhalla__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Valhalla
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Walhalla
sense_list:
(Norse mythology) The home of half of all warriors who died gloriously in battle as well as many of the Æsir.


lexentry: eng/Valle_d'Aosta__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Valle d'Aosta
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dolina Aosty
sense_list:
An autonomous region of northwestern Italy, with a significant fraction of the population speaking Franco-Provençal.


lexentry: eng/Valley_of_the_Kings__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Valley of the Kings
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dolina Królów
sense_list:
(Egyptology) A valley in Egypt, on the west bank of the Nile, known for the tombs constructed there for the pharaohs.


lexentry: eng/Van_Diemen's_Land__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Van Diemen's Land
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ziemia van Diemena
sense_list:
The former name (until 1856) of the then-British colony and current state of Australia now known as Tasmania.


lexentry: eng/Vandalic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vandalic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wandalski
sense_list:
The extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Vandals, probably closely related to the Gothic language.


lexentry: eng/Vanir__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vanir
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nawykły
sense_list:
The principal deities, as a group, of the Norse pantheon that represent chaos, fertility, and cultivation; opponents of the Æsir.


lexentry: eng/Vanuatu__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vanuatu
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Vanuatu
sense_list:
A country and archipelago of Melanesia in Oceania. Official name: Republic of Vanuatu. Capital and largest city: Port Vila.


lexentry: eng/Varangian__Noun__1
written_rep: Varangian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odurzenie
sense_list:
(historical) A member of the ethnically Scandinavian people around the borders of Constantinople in the ninth and tenth centuries.


lexentry: eng/Vatican_City_State__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vatican City State
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Państwo Watykańskie
sense_list:
Official name of Vatican City: a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy.


lexentry: eng/Vatican_City__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vatican City
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Watykan
sense_list:
A city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. Official name: Vatican City State.


lexentry: eng/Veda__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Veda
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Weda
sense_list:
(Hinduism) Any of a large body of texts originating in Ancient India. They form the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism.


lexentry: eng/Vega__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vega
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wega
sense_list:
(star) The brightest star in the constellation Lyra; Alpha (α) Lyrae. It forms one corner of the Summer Triangle.


lexentry: eng/Vela__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vela
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Żagiel
sense_list:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the sails of a ship. Until 1763, it was part of a larger constellation, Argo Navis.


lexentry: eng/Velcro__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Velcro
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzep
sense_list:
A fastener consisting of two strips of fabric, one covered with minute fiber hooks and the other with tiny fiber loops, which stick strongly together but can be pulled apart.


lexentry: eng/Vendémiaire__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vendémiaire
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vendémiaire
sense_list:
(historical) The first month of the French Republican Calendar, starting on the date of the autumnal equinox (September 22, 23 or 24) and ending on October 21, 22 or 23.


lexentry: eng/Venetian__Adjective__1
written_rep: Venetian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wenecki
sense_list:
Of, from or relating to the city of Venice or surrounding province, Veneto region, northeastern Italy. | Synonym of Venusian, of or relating to the planet Venus.


lexentry: eng/Venetian__Noun__1
written_rep: Venetian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wenecjanin | wenecjanka
sense_list:
A native or inhabitant of the city of Venice or surrounding province, Veneto region, northeastern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Venetian_blind__Noun__1
written_rep: Venetian blind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żaluzja
sense_list:
A blind consisting of overlapping horizontal, flat slats, usually made of metal, vinyl or wood, that can be tilted so as to let in more or less light.


lexentry: eng/Venetic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Venetic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: język wenetyjski
sense_list:
(historical, _, linguistics) An extinct Indo-European language once spoken by the Veneti people who lived between the Po River delta in northeastern Italy and the southern Alps in Slovenia in antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Venezuela__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Venezuela
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wenezuela
sense_list:
A country in South America. Official name: Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Capital and largest city: Caracas.


lexentry: eng/Venice__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Venice
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wenecja
sense_list:
A port city and comune, the capital of the Metropolitan City of Venice and the region of Veneto, Italy; former capital of an independent republic. | A metropolitan city of Veneto, established in 2015; in full, the Metropolitan City of Venice. | (historical) A former province of Veneto. | (historical) A former polity in Europe, a republic and colonial empire around the Adriatic and eastern Mediterranean from CE 697 to 1797 with its capital at Venice.


lexentry: eng/Venn_diagram__Noun__1
written_rep: Venn diagram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: diagram Venna
sense_list:
(set theory) A diagram representing some sets by contours of closed shapes, such as circles or ellipses (and sometimes also the universal set as a rectangle enclosing all of these shapes), and indicating the relationships between the sets: by overlapping the shapes to show that the corresponding sets have a non-empty intersection, and by possibly (but not necessarily) enclosing all of the sets (which are proper subsets of the universal set) within a universal set (represented typically by a rectangle); such that the total number of simply connected regions is 2^n, where n is the number of depicted sets which are proper subsets of the universal set.


lexentry: eng/Ventôse__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Ventôse
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ventôse
sense_list:
(historical) The sixth month of the French Republican Calendar, from February 19, 20 or 21 to March 20 or 21.


lexentry: eng/Venus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Venus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wenus
sense_list:
(astronomy) The second planet in the Solar system, named for the goddess. | (Roman god) The goddess of love, beauty, fertility, and sexuality;


lexentry: eng/Venus_flytrap__Noun__1
written_rep: Venus flytrap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: muchołówka amerykańska | muchołówka
sense_list:
An insectivorous plant of the savannas of North and South Carolina, Dionaea muscipula; the leaves are hinged and bordered with stiff hairs, and close when an insect alights on them.


lexentry: eng/Vercingetorix__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vercingetorix
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wercyngetoryks
sense_list:
72 BCE–46 BCE, the chieftain of the Arverni, leader of the great Gallic revolt against the Romans in 53–52 BCE.


lexentry: eng/Verenchanka__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Verenchanka
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Werenczanka
sense_list:
A village, the administrative centre of Verenchanka starostynskyi okruh and Verenchanka rural hromada, Chernivtsi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1589.


lexentry: eng/Verona__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Verona
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Werona
sense_list:
A city, the capital of the province of Verona, straddling the river Adige in Veneto, northern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Versailles__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Versailles
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wersal
sense_list:
A city, suburb of Paris and capital of Yvelines department, Île-de-France, and the former capital of France.


lexentry: eng/Vesta__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vesta
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Westa
sense_list:
(Roman god) The virgin goddess of the hearth, fire, and the household, and therefore a deity of domestic life. The Roman counterpart of Hestia.


lexentry: eng/Victorian__Adjective__1
written_rep: Victorian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiktoriański
sense_list:
Of or relating to the reign of Queen Victoria from 1837 to 1901, or that period. | (architecture) Of the style of architecture or furnishings of that period. | (figuratively) Of or displaying the (supposed) ideals or standards of morality of that period; conservative; also, old-fashioned, out-of-date.


lexentry: eng/Victory_Day__Noun__1
written_rep: Victory Day
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dzień Zwycięstwa
sense_list:
Any of various public holidays in various countries to commemorate victories in important battles or wars in the countries' history.


lexentry: eng/Vienne__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vienne
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Vienne
sense_list:
A department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. Capital and largest city: Poitiers. | A left tributary of the Loire in southwest France, flowing through the departments of Corrèze, Creuse, Haute-Vienne, Charente, Vienne and Indre-et-Loire. | A town and commune of Isère department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France.


lexentry: eng/Vientiane__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vientiane
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wientian
sense_list:
The capital city of Laos. | A prefecture of Laos. Capital: Vientiane (city). | A province of Laos. Capital: Phonhong.


lexentry: eng/Vietnamese__Noun__1
written_rep: Vietnamese
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wietnamczyk | Wietnamka | wietnamski
sense_list:
(countable, chiefly, in the plural) A person or people from Vietnam or of Vietnamese descent. | (uncountable) Vietnamese cuisine; traditional Vietnamese food.


lexentry: eng/Viking__Noun__1
written_rep: Viking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wiking
sense_list:
(historical) Scandinavian/Northern European seafarers, most familiarly raiders and pirates during the Viking age.


lexentry: eng/Virgil__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Virgil
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wergiliusz
sense_list:
Pūblius Vergilius Marō (70–19 BCE), Roman epic writer from the Augustan period, best known for writing the Aeneid.


lexentry: eng/Virgin_Islands__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Virgin Islands
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyspy Dziewicze
sense_list:
An archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, comprising the British Virgin Islands and the United States Virgin Islands.


lexentry: eng/Virgin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Virgin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Panna
sense_list:
(Christianity) Synonym of Virgin Mary (“Mary, mother of Jesus”). | The constellation and star sign Virgo.


lexentry: eng/Virginia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Virginia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wirginia
sense_list:
A state of the United States. Official name: Commonwealth of Virginia. Capital: Richmond. | A en given name. | An unincorporated community in Bates County, Missouri, United States.


lexentry: eng/Virgo__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Virgo
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Panna
sense_list:
(zodiac constellations) : A constellation in the zodiac, imagined in the shape of a maiden, that contains the bright binary star Spica. | (astrology) : The zodiac sign for the virgin, ruled by Mercury, that covers August 23 – September 23 (tropical astrology) or September 16 – October 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Vishnu__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vishnu
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wisznu
sense_list:
(Hinduism) One of the Trimurti (trinity) in Hindu mythology, and the most venerated god in Hinduism.


lexentry: eng/Visigoth__Noun__1
written_rep: Visigoth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wizygot | Wizygotka
sense_list:
Any member of an ancient East Germanic tribe, one branch of the Goths (the Ostrogoths being the other), which participated in several wars with Rome and established a kingdom with Toulouse for its capital.


lexentry: eng/Vladislav__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vladislav
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Władysław | Włodzisław
sense_list:
A transliteration of the Macedonian, Pannonian Rusyn, Russian, or Ukrainian male given name Владисла́в (Vladisláv).


lexentry: eng/Vladivostok__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vladivostok
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Władywostok
sense_list:
A city and seaport in the Russian Far East, on the Sea of Japan, near North Korea; the administrative centre of Primorsky Krai.


lexentry: eng/Volans__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Volans
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ryba Latająca
sense_list:
(constellation) A small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a flying fish.


lexentry: eng/Volga__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Volga
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wołga
sense_list:
A river in Russia, the longest river in Europe, flowing 2,325 miles through western Russia to the Caspian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Volhynia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Volhynia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wołyń
sense_list:
(historical) A geographic region of Eastern Europe, now divided between southeastern Poland, northwestern Ukraine, and southwestern Belarus.


lexentry: eng/Volnovakha__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Volnovakha
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wołnowacha
sense_list:
A city, the administrative centre of Volnovakha, Volnovakha Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Donbass, in southeastern Ukraine, seat of the eponymous municipality and district


lexentry: eng/Volnovakha__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Volnovakha
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Rejon wołnowaski
sense_list:
A municipality of Volnovakha Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Donbass, Ukraine. Seat: Volnovakha. | A district, a raion of Donetsk Oblast, Donbass, Ukraine. Seat: Volnovakha.


lexentry: eng/Vuhledar__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vuhledar
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wuhłedar
sense_list:
A city, the administrative centre of Vuhledar urban hromada, Volnovakha Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1964 around the Pivdennodonbaska 1 coal mine.


lexentry: eng/Vulcan__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vulcan
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wulkan
sense_list:
(Roman god) The god of volcanoes and fire, especially the forge, also the patron of all craftsmen, especially blacksmiths. The Roman counterpart of Hephaestus. | (astronomy, historical) A hypothetical planet proposed in the 19th century to exist in an orbit between Mercury and the Sun.


lexentry: eng/Vulcan_salute__Noun__1
written_rep: Vulcan salute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: salut wolkański
sense_list:
A gesture of greeting among Star Trek fans, consisting of a raised hand with the palm forward and the thumb extended, and the fingers parted between the middle finger and ring finger.


lexentry: eng/Vulgar_Latin__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vulgar Latin
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łacina ludowa
sense_list:
(linguistics, historical) The Latin language as spoken by the Roman people, as opposed to Classical Latin as written in formal literature. Developed into Proto-Romance and descendant languages in the Early Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/Vyborg__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Vyborg
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wyborg
sense_list:
A city in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. In earlier times was part of Finland and Sweden, pop. 79,224 (as of 2002).


lexentry: eng/Võro__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Võro
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: język võro
sense_list:
A language belonging to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages. It is sometimes considered a dialect of Estonian.


lexentry: eng/Wadden_Sea__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wadden Sea
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Morze Wattowe
sense_list:
A shallow and narrow sea peripheral to the North Sea, situated between the Frisian Islands and the mainland coasts of Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands.


lexentry: eng/Wade-Giles__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wade-Giles
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wade-Giles
sense_list:
A system for transcribing the Beijing dialect of Mandarin Chinese into the Latin alphabet; formally uses hyphens and the spiritus asper apostrophe.


lexentry: eng/Wallis_and_Futuna__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wallis and Futuna
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wallis i Futuna
sense_list:
An archipelago and overseas territory of France in Oceania. Official name: Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands.


lexentry: eng/Wallonia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wallonia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Walonia
sense_list:
A cultural region in the south of Belgium. | A region of Belgium. Official name: Walloon Region. | A community of Belgium. Official name: French Community.


lexentry: eng/Walloon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Walloon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: waloński
sense_list:
A Romance language traditionally spoken in parts of southern Belgium and a small strip of northern France (around Givet).


lexentry: eng/Walpurgis_night__Noun__1
written_rep: Walpurgis night
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Noc Walpurgi
sense_list:
Walpurgisnacht ("Walpurga's night"), a feast of witchcraft in German folklore, observed on 30 April.


lexentry: eng/Wandering_Jew__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wandering Jew
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Żyd Wieczny Tułacz
sense_list:
A Jewish shoemaker who, in Christian tradition, taunted Jesus Christ on the way to his (Jesus') crucifixion and for that was condemned to wander the Earth until Jesus' return (ie. the second coming).


lexentry: eng/Wanderwort__Noun__1
written_rep: Wanderwort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wanderwort
sense_list:
(linguistics) A loanword that has spread to many different languages, often through trade or the adoption of foreign cultural practices.


lexentry: eng/Waray-Waray__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Waray-Waray
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: warajski
sense_list:
(linguistics) A central Philippine Visayan language from the islands of Samar, Biliran, and northeast Leyte.


lexentry: eng/Warsaw_Pact__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Warsaw Pact
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Układ Warszawski
sense_list:
(historical) A pact (long-term alliance treaty) signed on May 14, 1955 in Warsaw by the Soviet Union and its Communist military allies in Europe.


lexentry: eng/Warsaw_Uprising__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Warsaw Uprising
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powstanie warszawskie
sense_list:
(historical) a major World War II operation, in the summer of 1944, by the Polish underground resistance, led by the Home Army, to liberate Warsaw from German occupation.


lexentry: eng/Warsaw__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Warsaw
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Warszawa
sense_list:
The capital city of Poland; the capital city of Masovian Voivodeship. | (metonym) The Polish government.


lexentry: eng/Warwick__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Warwick
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Warwick
sense_list:
A town and civil parish with a town council in Warwick district, and the county town of Warwickshire, England (OS grid ref SP2865).


lexentry: eng/Washington,_D.C.__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Washington, D.C.
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Waszyngton
sense_list:
The capital city of the United States, formally known as the District of Columbia. Abbreviated as D.C. or DC.


lexentry: eng/Washington__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Washington
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Waszyngton
sense_list:
A state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Capital: Olympia. Largest city: Seattle. | A placename:


lexentry: eng/Watergate__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Watergate
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Watergate
sense_list:
An American political scandal (beginning with a burglary in the Watergate Hotel in Washington, DC, in 1972) that eventually led to the resignation of US President Richard Nixon.


lexentry: eng/Way_of_St._James__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Way of St. James
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Szlak św. Jakuba
sense_list:
Any of the pilgrimage routes to the shrine of the apostle St. James the Great, in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.


lexentry: eng/Way_of_the_Cross__Noun__1
written_rep: Way of the Cross
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: droga krzyżowa
sense_list:
A series of pictures or statues depicting the Stations of the Cross, as laid out around a church, along a road etc.


lexentry: eng/Wednesday__Noun__1
written_rep: Wednesday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: środa
sense_list:
The fourth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the third day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Tuesday and precedes Thursday.


lexentry: eng/Weimar_Republic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Weimar Republic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Republika Weimarska
sense_list:
(history) The democratic regime of Germany from 1919 to the assumption of power by Adolf Hitler in 1933.


lexentry: eng/Weimar__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Weimar
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Republika Weimarska
sense_list:
The period in German history from 1919 to 1933, when the nation was under a constitution drafted in the city of Weimar.


lexentry: eng/Wellington__Noun__1
written_rep: Wellington
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wellington
sense_list:
(card games) In the game of nap, a bid that results in the bidder winning quadruple, or losing double, the amount staked.


lexentry: eng/Wellington_boots__Noun__1
written_rep: Wellington boots
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gumiaki | gumowce | kalosze
sense_list:
(British) Waterproof rubber boots, intended to be worn in wet or muddy conditions. Short forms: wellies (singular welly or wellie)


lexentry: eng/Weltschmerz__Noun__1
written_rep: Weltschmerz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Weltschmerz
sense_list:
An apathetic or pessimistic view of life; depression concerning or discomfort with the human condition or state of the world; mal du siècle, world-weariness.


lexentry: eng/Weser__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Weser
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wezera
sense_list:
A river in northwestern Germany, the longest entirely in the country, flowing north from south Lower Saxony into the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Wessex__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wessex
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wessex
sense_list:
(historical) One of the seven major Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, existing between the 6th and 9th centuries, and comprising most of England south of the Thames.


lexentry: eng/West_Asia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Asia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Azja Zachodnia
sense_list:
The westernmost geographic region of Asia, which includes Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Sinai Peninsula, and Transcaucasia.


lexentry: eng/West_Bank__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Bank
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zachodni Brzeg | Zachodni Brzeg Jordanu | Cisjordania
sense_list:
A Palestinian territory on the west bank of the Jordan river, claimed by and under the partial administration of State of Palestine, and illegally occupied by Israel.


lexentry: eng/West_Coast__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Coast
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zachodnie Wybrzeże
sense_list:
A region along the Pacific Ocean in the contiguous United States. | A region on the western side of the South Island of New Zealand.


lexentry: eng/West_Flanders__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Flanders
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Flandria Zachodnia
sense_list:
The westernmost province of Belgium and Flanders, with capital Bruges. | The larger western part of the historic countship of Flanders, also comprising part of French Flanders (in northern France) and retaining a distinctive type of dialects


lexentry: eng/West_Flemish__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Flemish
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zachodnioflamandzki
sense_list:
A group of Flemish dialects of the Dutch language in the western part of the historic countship of Flanders (now in Belgium and France)


lexentry: eng/West_Frisia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Frisia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Fryzja
sense_list:
The traditionally Frisian areas that are located west of the Dollart (i.e. in the Netherlands), covering the province of Frisia, the Ommelanden and West Friesland.


lexentry: eng/West_Frisian__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Frisian
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: (język) zachodniofryzyjski | zachodniofryzyjski
sense_list:
A language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland, in the north of the Netherlands; one of the Frisian languages (or language varieties).


lexentry: eng/West_Germany__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Germany
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Niemcy Zachodnie
sense_list:
(historical, 1949–1990) A former country in Central Europe, distinguished from the German Democratic Republic, commonly known as East Germany. Official name: Federal Republic of Germany.


lexentry: eng/West_Indiaman__Noun__1
written_rep: West Indiaman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: westindiaman
sense_list:
(18th and 19th century, nautical) A merchant vessel trading between Europe and the West Indies (including the Americas). Generally smaller than the similar East Indiamen.


lexentry: eng/West_Indies__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Indies
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Indie Zachodnie
sense_list:
The islands of the Caribbean sea. | (cricket) A Federation of Caribbean states which, together with Guyana, play Test matches as if they were a single nation.


lexentry: eng/West_Slavic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West Slavic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zachodniosłowiański
sense_list:
A subgrouping of the Slavic language family spoken mainly in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Lusatia (a small area in Germany).


lexentry: eng/West__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dziki Zachód | Okcydent | Zachód
sense_list:
(US) The Western United States (sometimes excluding the West Coast), particularly (historical) in reference to the 19th century Wild West.


lexentry: eng/West__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: West
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zachód | Okcydent
sense_list:
The western world; i.e. Western Europe, the US and Canada (sometimes includes Latin America), and Australia and New Zealand.


lexentry: eng/Western_Australia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Western Australia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Australia Zachodnia
sense_list:
A state of Australia, occupying the western third of the continent; a former British colony until 1901. Capital: Perth.


lexentry: eng/Western_Sahara__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Western Sahara
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sahara Zachodnia
sense_list:
A territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory.


lexentry: eng/Western_Wall__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Western Wall
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ściana Płaczu | Mur Zachodni
sense_list:
(Judaism) An ancient wall on the western side of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, remnant of the Jewish Second Temple. It is the holiest site in Judaism.


lexentry: eng/Westernism__Noun__1
written_rep: Westernism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: okcydentaliz | zapadnictwo | zapadniczestwo
sense_list:
(historical) An 19th-century intellectual ideology which saw Russia's development as dependent upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government.


lexentry: eng/Westernizer__Noun__1
written_rep: Westernizer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okcydentalista
sense_list:
(historical) A member of a group of 19th-century intellectuals who believed that Russia's development depended upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government.


lexentry: eng/Westminster_Abbey__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Westminster Abbey
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Opactwo Westminsterskie
sense_list:
A large Gothic church, on the scale of a cathedral, next to the Houses of Parliament in London; the traditional place of coronation and burial of English monarchs.


lexentry: eng/Wheel_of_Fortune__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wheel of Fortune
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: koło fortuny
sense_list:
(tarot) A tarot card with an image of Fortuna's wheel (sense 1), generally the tenth of 22 trumps of the major arcana in most tarot decks.


lexentry: eng/Whig__Noun__1
written_rep: Whig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wig
sense_list:
(UK politics, historic) A member of an 18th- and 19th-century political party in Britain that was opposed to the Tories, and eventually became the Liberal Party.


lexentry: eng/Whirling_Dervish__Noun__1
written_rep: Whirling Dervish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wirujący derwisz
sense_list:
A Sufi of an ascetic order, centered in Turkey but widespread internationally, whose ritual religious observances involve mystical poetry of Mevlana (Rumi), music, and a whirling dance.


lexentry: eng/White's_thrush__Noun__1
written_rep: White's thrush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drozdoń tajgowy
sense_list:
A thrush found mainly in eastern Asia and Siberia and rare vagrant to western Europe, of species Zoothera aurea (or formerly, sometimes of subspecies Zoothera dauma aurea).


lexentry: eng/White_House__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: White House
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Biały Dom
sense_list:
(US) The official home and workplace of the President of the United States of America. | (US, metonym) The US presidency and its administration.


lexentry: eng/White_Russian__Adjective__1
written_rep: White Russian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biały
sense_list:
Of or relating to Russians with tsarist or anti-Soviet sympathies in the period directly following the Revolution in 1917.


lexentry: eng/White_Russian__Noun__1
written_rep: White Russian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: biały
sense_list:
(historical) A White Guardist, a Russian who did not support the Socialists in the Revolution in 1917 and the Russian Civil War (1917–1923), and afterwards (e.g. as a White émigré).


lexentry: eng/Whitsunday__Noun__1
written_rep: Whitsunday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zesłanie Ducha Świętego | Pięćdziesiątnica | Zielone Świątki | Zielone Święta
sense_list:
(Christianity) The Sunday on which the feast or festival of Pentecost falls, seven weeks after Easter.


lexentry: eng/Wi-Fi__Noun__1
written_rep: Wi-Fi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezprzewodowe połączenie internetowe | wi-fi
sense_list:
(networking, uncountable) Any of several standards for short-range wireless data transmission (IEEE 802.11).


lexentry: eng/Wicca__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wicca
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wicca
sense_list:
A neopagan religion that was first popularized by books written in 1949, 1954, and 1959 by Englishman Gerald Gardner, involving the worship of a horned male god and a moon goddess, the observance of eight Sabbats, and the performance of various rituals.


lexentry: eng/Wii__Noun__1
written_rep: Wii
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wii
sense_list:
(video games) A video game system released worldwide by Nintendo in 2006, noted for its unique motion-based control system.


lexentry: eng/WikiProject__Noun__1
written_rep: WikiProject
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wikiprojekt
sense_list:
(WMF) A group of editors who work together on improving the coverage of a particular topic on a wiki, especially on Wikipedia.


lexentry: eng/Wikipedian__Noun__1
written_rep: Wikipedian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wikipedysta | wikipedystka
sense_list:
(WMF) A person who contributes to Wikipedia, especially a regular contributor well versed in the ways of the website.


lexentry: eng/Wiktionarian__Noun__1
written_rep: Wiktionarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wikisłownikarka | wikisłownikarz
sense_list:
(Wikimedia jargon) A person who contributes to Wiktionary, especially a regular contributor well versed in the ways of the site.


lexentry: eng/Wiktionary__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wiktionary
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Wikisłownik
sense_list:
A particular version of this dictionary project, written in a certain language, such as the English-language Wiktionary (often known simply as the English Wiktionary).


lexentry: eng/Wild_West__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wild West
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dziki Zachód
sense_list:
(historical) The western United States during the 19th-century era of settlement, commonly believed to be lawless and unruly.


lexentry: eng/Williams_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: Williams syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zespół Williamsa
sense_list:
(medical genetics) A rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a distinctive elfin facial appearance, developmental delay coupled with strong language skills, and cardiovascular problems.


lexentry: eng/Wiltshire__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wiltshire
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wiltshire
sense_list:
An inland county of England bordered by Gloucestershire, Somerset, Dorset, Oxfordshire, Hampshire and Berkshire.


lexentry: eng/Windows__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Windows
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Windows
sense_list:
(operating systems, trademark) Microsoft Windows, an operating system with a WIMP graphical user interface that dominates the personal computer market.


lexentry: eng/Windward_Islands__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Windward Islands
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wyspy Nawietrzne
sense_list:
The southern islands of the Lesser Antilles, composed of the island nations of Dominica, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Barbados, Grenada and Trinidad and Tobago.


lexentry: eng/Winnie_the_Pooh__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Winnie the Pooh
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Kubuś Puchatek
sense_list:
A talking bear from an English children's book series carrying the same name, noted for his sweet, simple nature, and his love of honey.


lexentry: eng/Wizard_of_Oz__Noun__1
written_rep: Wizard of Oz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Czarnoksiężnik z Krainy Oz
sense_list:
(engineering, social science, usually, _, attributive) A person simulating the operation of a supposed intelligent device, usually in an experiment.


lexentry: eng/Woden__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Woden
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wotan
sense_list:
The Germanic chief god, distributor of talents and god of wisdom and war (corresponding to Odin), especially in his Anglo-Saxon form.


lexentry: eng/Worcestershire_sauce__Noun__1
written_rep: Worcestershire sauce
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sos Worcestershire
sense_list:
An English condiment made with vinegar, onions, garlic, etc.; a thin piquant sauce used as a table sauce, to flavour casseroles etc. and as an ingredient in Bloody Marys.


lexentry: eng/World_Exposition__Noun__1
written_rep: World Exposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wystawa światowa
sense_list:
Any of various large international expositions held since the mid 19th century, often called "Expo".


lexentry: eng/World_Trade_Organization__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: World Trade Organization
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Światowa Organizacja Handlu
sense_list:
An international organization designed by its founders to supervise and liberalize international trade.


lexentry: eng/World_War_II__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: World War II
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: druga wojna światowa | II wojna światowa
sense_list:
(history) The war from 1939 to 1945 of the Allied forces, including the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, France, and China, against the Axis Powers, including Germany, Italy, and Japan.


lexentry: eng/World_War_I__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: World War I
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: I wojna światowa | pierwsza wojna światowa
sense_list:
(history) The war from 1914 to 1918 between the Entente Powers of the British Empire, Russian Empire, France, Italy, the United States and other allied nations, against the Central Powers represented by the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.


lexentry: eng/World_Wide_Web__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: World Wide Web
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: World Wide Web | ogólnoświatowa sieć
sense_list:
(Internet) Usually preceded by the: all of the hypertext documents (web pages) on the Internet collectively, which are (1) stored in various inter-hyperlinked computers around the world, and (2) retrieved typically by means of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) or (currently more often) its secure version (HTTPS), among others.


lexentry: eng/Wren_Day__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wren Day
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dzień Świętego Szczepana
sense_list:
(Ireland, Wales, Isle of Man, Newfoundland) A celebration on December 26 where people, especially boys, hunt a fake wren and parade it upon a decorated pole.


lexentry: eng/Wrocław__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wrocław
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wrocław
sense_list:
A city in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Silesia, in what is now southwestern Poland. (At different points in history, the city has been part of Bohemia, Prussia, Germany, and Poland.)


lexentry: eng/Wu__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Wu
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: u
sense_list:
(historic) The kingdom ruled by the Ji family from Wuxi and then Suzhou during the Spring and Autumn period of China's Zhou dynasty. | The family of Chinese languages spoken in that region, including Shanghainese and Suzhounese, the second-most spoken family after Mandarin.


lexentry: eng/Wyandot__Noun__1
written_rep: Wyandot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fretka
sense_list:
A member of a Native American people, formed from the Huron confederacy, that lived in and around Ohio.


lexentry: eng/X-ray__Noun__1
written_rep: X-ray
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: promieniowanie rentgenowskie
sense_list:
Short wavelength electromagnetic radiation usually produced by bombarding a metal target in a vacuum. Used to create images of the internal structure of objects; this is possible because X-rays pass through most objects and can expose photographic film.


lexentry: eng/X-ray__Verb__1
written_rep: X-ray
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prześwietlać | prześwietlić
sense_list:
(transitive, informal) To take a radiograph of; to obtain an image of using X-ray radiation, especially for the purpose of medical diagnostic evaluation.


lexentry: eng/XHTML__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: XHTML
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: XHTML
sense_list:
Initialism of w:Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, a reformulation of HTML as an XML application.


lexentry: eng/XML__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: XML
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: XML
sense_list:
(computer languages, file format) Initialism of Extensible Markup Language, a flexible text format for creating structured computer documents in machine-readable form.


lexentry: eng/Xavier__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Xavier
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Ksawery
sense_list:
Any of various notable people with this name as given name or surname, especially Saint Francis Xavier, a Spanish Catholic saint and missionary (1506–1552).


lexentry: eng/Xbox__Noun__1
written_rep: Xbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Xbox
sense_list:
(video games, trademark) Any of the home consoles in Microsoft's Xbox product line, especially the original Xbox.


lexentry: eng/Xenophon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Xenophon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ksenofont
sense_list:
Athenian historian and philosopher born 427 B.C.E. and author of the Anabasis and Memorabilia. He was a pupil of Socrates and became a general during the Persian wars.


lexentry: eng/Xerxes__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Xerxes
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Kserkses
sense_list:
(historical) Xerxes I, a Persian king of the Achaemenid dynasty who reigned 485-465 BC. | (historical) Xerxes II, a Persian king who ruled for 45 days in 424 BC before being assassinated. | A en given name mainly applied to historical and fictional characters.


lexentry: eng/Xi'an__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Xi'an
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Xi'an
sense_list:
The provincial capital of Shaanxi, China; a subprovincial city in central China famed as the former capital of numerous Chinese dynasties, also known as Chang'an among other historical names.


lexentry: eng/Xinjiang__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Xinjiang
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Sinkiang
sense_list:
An Uyghur autonomous region of China, located in the sparsely populated northwest. Official name: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Capital: Ürümqi.


lexentry: eng/YHWH__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: YHWH
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Jahwe
sense_list:
Known as the "Tetragrammaton", the four Hebrew letters יהוה which are transliterated into the Latin alphabet as YHWH (also IHVH, JHVH, or YHVH). Usually vowels are added to produce the spelling Jehovah, Yehovah or Yahweh (Jahaveh, Jahve, Jahveh, Jahweh, Yahve, Yahveh, Yahwe).


lexentry: eng/YOLO__Phrase__1
written_rep: YOLO
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Raz kozie śmierć! | Raz się żyje!
sense_list:
(slang) Acronym of you only live once, i.e. expressing the view that one should make the most of the present moment.


lexentry: eng/Y_chromosome__Noun__1
written_rep: Y chromosome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chromosom Y
sense_list:
(genetics) A mammalian sex chromosome: in the XY sex-determination system, cells of females typically have a pair of X chromosomes, while cells of males typically have an X and a Y.


lexentry: eng/Yagi-Uda_antenna__Noun__1
written_rep: Yagi-Uda antenna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antena Yagi | antena Yagi-Uda
sense_list:
(radio) A type of directional antenna with one driven element and one or more parasitic elements; a directional radio or TV antenna consisting of two or more dipoles in the same plane with all dipoles parallel to each other.


lexentry: eng/Yahtzee__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yahtzee
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kości
sense_list:
(dice) A probability game where players amass scores depending on the values of the five dice they roll.


lexentry: eng/Yakutia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yakutia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jakucja
sense_list:
A republic and federal subject of eastern Russia. Official name: Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Capital and largest city: Yakutsk.


lexentry: eng/Yale__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yale
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Yale
sense_list:
A university in the eastern United States. | A romanisation scheme originating from Yale University. | (historical) Iâl, a commote of medieval Wales.


lexentry: eng/Yangon__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yangon
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rangun
sense_list:
The largest city and former capital of Myanmar; formerly, Rangoon (19th–21st c.), Dagon (16th–18th c.), and Dagoon (rare).


lexentry: eng/Yangtze__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yangtze
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jangcy
sense_list:
The chief river of central China and the third longest river in the world, flowing a total of 6300 km.


lexentry: eng/Yankee__Noun__1
written_rep: Yankee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Jankes | Jankeska | jankes | jankeska
sense_list:
(chiefly, Southern US) A native or inhabitant of the Northern United States. | (chiefly southern, _, Louisiana) An Anglo, as opposed to someone with French ancestry; a native or inhabitant of the rest of the United States.


lexentry: eng/Yazidi__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yazidi
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jezyd | Jezyd | Jezydka | jezydka
sense_list:
member of a Kurdish-speaking people of northern Iraq, Armenia and Caucasus, whose religion is Yazidism


lexentry: eng/Yekaterinburg__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yekaterinburg
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jekaterynburg
sense_list:
A city, the administrative center of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, the fifth-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Yellow_River__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yellow River
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Rzeka Żółta
sense_list:
The chief river of the North China Plain, the second-longest river in China and sixth-longest river system on Earth, historically prone to massive floods which repeatedly drastically changed its course; it passes through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces as well as Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions.


lexentry: eng/Yenisei__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yenisei
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jenisej
sense_list:
A river in Russia, the longest river of Siberia. It flows from south to north into the Arctic Ocean, splitting Siberia in two parts: the Eastern Siberia and the Western Siberia.


lexentry: eng/Yevpatoria__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yevpatoria
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Eupatoria
sense_list:
A resort city and raion in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia. It is located on the Black Sea coast.


lexentry: eng/Yezhovshchina__Noun__1
written_rep: Yezhovshchina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jeżowszczyzna
sense_list:
(historical) A period of intense political repression and mass purges in the Soviet Union during the late 1930s, particularly from 1937 to 1938.


lexentry: eng/Yggdrasil__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yggdrasil
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Yggdrasil
sense_list:
(Norse mythology) An immense ash tree that is central in Norse cosmology, believed to connect the nine worlds.


lexentry: eng/Yiddish__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yiddish
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jidysz
sense_list:
A West Germanic, or more specifically High German, language that developed from Middle High German dialects, with an admixture of vocabulary from multiple source languages including Hebrew-Aramaic, Romance, Slavic, English, etc., and mostly written in Hebrew characters which is used mainly among Ashkenazic Jews from central and eastern Europe.


lexentry: eng/Yiddishland__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yiddishland
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jidyszland
sense_list:
A region where Yiddish is spoken; the areas of Eastern Europe or the Jewish Autonomous Oblast that had significant numbers of Jewish inhabitants.


lexentry: eng/Yom_Kippur__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yom Kippur
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Dzień Pojednania | Dzień Przebłagania | Jom Kippur | Sądny Dzień
sense_list:
(Judaism) A particular Jewish holiday, the day of atonement, falling on the tenth day of the Hebrew month of Tishrei.


lexentry: eng/Yorkshire_pudding__Noun__1
written_rep: Yorkshire pudding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Yorkshire pudding
sense_list:
A dish made from batter baked in fat, usually served as an accompaniment to roast beef but sometimes (in a larger form) served with other fillings or as a separate course.


lexentry: eng/Yoruba__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yoruba
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: joruba | yoruba
sense_list:
A sub-Saharan language. It belongs to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family, and has nearly 40 million speakers in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Sierra Leone, as well as communities in The United States, Brazil and Cuba.


lexentry: eng/Yoruba__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yoruba
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: joruba
sense_list:
An African traditional religion which spawned various offshoots in the Americas in the 15th to 19th centuries, including santería and Lucumí. (See Yoruba religion.)


lexentry: eng/Young_Poland__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Young Poland
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Młoda Polska
sense_list:
(historical) The modernist period in Polish visual arts, literature, and music which lasted from the end of the 19th century to 1918.


lexentry: eng/Your_Excellency__Pronoun__1
written_rep: Your Excellency
part_of_speech: pronoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pan
sense_list:
(formal) A title of respect used when addressing heads of state other than monarchs, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, certain ecclesiastics, royalty, and others holding equivalent rank.


lexentry: eng/Your_Majesty__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Your Majesty
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Wasza Wysokość
sense_list:
(formal) A term of address used in direct address to a monarch of higher rank than a prince, such as a king, queen, emperor, or empress.


lexentry: eng/Yucatán__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yucatán
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jukatan | Półwysep Jukatan
sense_list:
A peninsula in North America incorporating the Mexican states of Yucatán, Campeche, and Quintana Roo as well as Belize and northeastern Guatemala.


lexentry: eng/Yugoslavia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yugoslavia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jugosławia
sense_list:
(historical) A former country in Southeast Europe in the Balkans, now split into 6 countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia.


lexentry: eng/Yule__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yule
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jul
sense_list:
Christmastide, the Christmas season, the Twelve Days of Christmas (between December 25th and January 5th). | A pagan wintertime holiday celebrated by Germanic peoples, particularly the Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon peoples, or a modern reconstruction of this holiday celebrated by neo-pagans. | A surname.


lexentry: eng/Yule_log__Noun__1
written_rep: Yule log
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bûche de Noël
sense_list:
A log-shaped Christmas sponge cake, covered in chocolate, traditionally from French-speaking countries.


lexentry: eng/Yuletide__Noun__1
written_rep: Yuletide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: okres świąt Bożego Narodzenia
sense_list:
(dated, or Germanic Neo-Paganism) The period of celebration of a pre-Christian festival associated with the (northern) winter solstice, later absorbed into the festival of Christmas (but sometimes recreated by modern neo-pagans).


lexentry: eng/Yup'ik__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yup'ik
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: język yupik środkowy
sense_list:
(linguistics) A subbranch of the Eskimo-Aleut family of languages. This is the only language family known to straddle both North America and Asia. It is centered squarely in Alaska and is thought to have migrated across to Siberia a few hundred years ago.


lexentry: eng/Yuzhne__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yuzhne
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jużne
sense_list:
Former name of Pivdenne: a city in Odesa Raion, Odesa Oblast, in southern Ukraine; name used before November 2024.


lexentry: eng/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Jużnosachalińsk
sense_list:
A city, the administrative centre of Sakhalin Oblast, on Sakhalin Island, in the Far East of Russia.


lexentry: eng/Zaire__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zaire
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zair
sense_list:
(historical) Former name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa; used from 1971–1997.


lexentry: eng/Zambezi__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zambezi
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zambezi
sense_list:
A river in Southern Africa, flowing south and west from Zambia through east Angola and Zambia and then east along the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe into and through central Mozambique to the Indian Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Zaozerne__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zaozerne
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: Zaozerne
sense_list:
A village in Tavrychanka rural hromada, Kakhovka Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1902. | A village in Holovne settlement hromada, Kovel Raion, Volyn Oblast, Ukraine, already well established by 1906.


lexentry: eng/Zaporizhzhia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zaporizhzhia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zaporoże
sense_list:
An industrial city and urban hromada, the administrative center of Zaporizhzhia Raion and Zaporizhzhia Oblast, in south-central Ukraine, on the Dnipro River.


lexentry: eng/Zaporizhzhia__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zaporizhzhia
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: Obwód zaporoski
sense_list:
An oblast in southeast Ukraine, also illicitly claimed by Russia. Administrative center: Zaporizhzhia.


lexentry: eng/Zdrój__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zdrój
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zdrój
sense_list:
A village in Gmina Grodzisk Wielkopolski, Grodzisk County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland. | A village in Gmina Lelkowo, Braniewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland.


lexentry: eng/Zebulun__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zebulun
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zabulon
sense_list:
(biblical character) Tenth son of Jacob, by his wife Leah. | (biblical) One of the Israelite tribes, descended from Zebulun. | A en given name.


lexentry: eng/Zechariah__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zechariah
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zachariasz
sense_list:
(biblical character) A king of Israel mentioned in the second book of Kings. | (biblical character) A Hebrew prophet traditionally considered the author of the Book of Zechariah, the eleventh of the Twelve Minor Prophets.


lexentry: eng/Zeelandic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zeelandic
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dialekt zelandzki
sense_list:
A regional language similar to Dutch, spoken in the Dutch province of Zeeland and on the South Holland island of Goeree-Overflakkee.


lexentry: eng/Zen__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zen
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zen
sense_list:
(religion) A school of Mahayana Buddhism characterized by sudden enlightenment achieved by indirect means and principally associated with China and Japan.


lexentry: eng/Zephyrus__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zephyrus
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zefir
sense_list:
(Greek god) The Ancient Greek god of the west wind, supposed to be the gentlest of the winds and the messenger of spring. His parents are Eos/Aurora and Astraeus, and his brothers are Boreas, Notus and Eurus, (the Anemoi), and the Astra Planeta. His wife is Chloris and their son is Karpos. His Roman counterpart is Favonius.


lexentry: eng/Zeppelin__Noun__1
written_rep: Zeppelin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sterowiec
sense_list:
(aviation) A type of large dirigible rigid airship of the early 20th century, built by the German Luftschiffbau Zeppelin and designed to carry passengers or bombs.


lexentry: eng/Zhuyin_fuhao__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zhuyin fuhao
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zhuyin fuhao
sense_list:
A phonetic alphabet used to transcribe Mandarin for students of that language and for inputting Chinese, now used primarily only in Taiwan. Variants also exist for other Chinese lects spoken in Taiwan.


lexentry: eng/Zhvanets__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zhvanets
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Żwaniec
sense_list:
A village, the administrative centre of Zhvanets rural hromada, Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1431.


lexentry: eng/Zimbabwe__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zimbabwe
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zimbabwe
sense_list:
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Zimbabwe. Formerly called Southern Rhodesia or Rhodesia.


lexentry: eng/Zion__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zion
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Syjon
sense_list:
(biblical) A hill in Jerusalem, Israel, on which ancient Jerusalem was partly built; a centrepiece to Biblical accounts of old days and future eschatological events.


lexentry: eng/Zionism__Noun__1
written_rep: Zionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: syjonizm
sense_list:
(politics) Jewish nationalism, the movement which supported first the establishment of a Jewish homeland and now supports the continuation of a Jewish state in the region of Palestine.


lexentry: eng/Zmiivka__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zmiivka
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zmijiwka
sense_list:
A village in Beryslav urban hromada, Beryslav Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1804 but incorporating an older settlement (Verbivka) founded in 1782.


lexentry: eng/Zmiyovka__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zmiyovka
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zmijowka
sense_list:
An urban-type settlement and urban settlement, the administrative centre of Sverdlovsky Raion, Oryol Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, first mentioned in 1868.


lexentry: eng/Zoroaster__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zoroaster
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zoroaster | Zaratustra | Zaratusztra
sense_list:
An ancient Iranian prophet after whom the indigenous Iranian ethnic religion, Zoroastrianism, is named, also venerated in Mithraism.


lexentry: eng/Zouave__Noun__1
written_rep: Zouave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żuaw
sense_list:
(military, historical) One of a body of soldiers in the French service, originally Kabyle, but now composed of Frenchmen who wear the Kabyle dress.


lexentry: eng/Zulu__Noun__1
written_rep: Zulu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zulus | Zuluska
sense_list:
A member of an African ethnic group living mainly in the KwaZulu-Natal Province in eastern South Africa.


lexentry: eng/Zululand__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Zululand
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Zululandia
sense_list:
A region of South Africa with a large Zulu population. | (historical) The Zulu Kingdom, which used to control that land.


lexentry: eng/a.m.__Adverb__1
written_rep: a.m.
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przed południem
sense_list:
(used after the hour) In the 12-hour period from midnight to noon (the first half of the day) when using the 12-hour clock.


lexentry: eng/a_bad_penny_always_turns_up__Proverb__1
written_rep: a bad penny always turns up
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: diabeł nie śpi | licho nie śpi | złe nie śpi
sense_list:
A person or thing which is unpleasant, dishonorable, or unwanted tends to appear (or reappear), especially at inopportune times.


lexentry: eng/a_bird_in_the_hand_is_worth_two_in_the_bush__Proverb__1
written_rep: a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
part_of_speech: proverb
sense_list: A sure thing is preferable to the mere chance at something more. [15th c.]
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
lepszy wróbel w garści niż gołąb na dachu | lepszy wróbel w ręku niż cietrzew na sęku | lepszy wróbel w ręku niż sokół na sęku


lexentry: eng/a_blessing_and_a_curse__Noun__1
written_rep: a blessing and a curse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: miecz obosieczny
sense_list:
Something that is simultaneously a benefit and a burden, or that may seem initially beneficial but also brings unforeseen negative consequences.


lexentry: eng/a_few__Determiner__1
written_rep: a few
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kilka | kilku | niewiele | niewielu
sense_list:
A small number of (a set of countable items); more than one but not very many; especially, more than two but not very many (explained in usage note at several).


lexentry: eng/a_hit_dog_will_holler__Proverb__1
written_rep: a hit dog will holler
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uderz w stół, a nożyce się odezwą
sense_list:
(US) An offended or defensive response to a statement suggests that the statement applies to the person complaining.


lexentry: eng/a_little_bird_told_me__Phrase__1
written_rep: a little bird told me
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ptaszki o tym ćwierkają
sense_list:
(idiomatic, chiefly, humorous) I received the information from a source which I am not prepared to disclose.


lexentry: eng/a_stitch_in_time_saves_nine__Proverb__1
written_rep: a stitch in time saves nine
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lepiej zapobiegać niż leczyć
sense_list:
A little effort expended sooner to fix a small problem prevents it from becoming a larger problem requiring more effort to fix later.


lexentry: eng/a_stopped_clock_is_right_twice_a_day__Proverb__1
written_rep: a stopped clock is right twice a day
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trafiło się ślepej kurze ziarno
sense_list:
A normally unreliable person or instrument can occasionally provide correct information, even if only by accident. | Someone who repeats the same thing constantly will at some point be correct, if only briefly.


lexentry: eng/a_watched_pot_never_boils__Proverb__1
written_rep: a watched pot never boils
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czekającemu czas się dłuży
sense_list:
A process appears to proceed more slowly if one waits for it rather than engaging in other activities.


lexentry: eng/a_woman_without_a_man_is_like_a_fish_without_a_bicycle__Phrase__1
written_rep: a woman without a man is like a fish without a bicycle
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kobieta tak potrzebuje mężczyzny, jak ryba potrzebuje roweru
sense_list:
(figuratively, humorous, simile) A woman is capable of living a complete and independent life without a man. [from 1970]


lexentry: eng/aardvark__Noun__1
written_rep: aardvark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrównik | prosię ziemne
sense_list:
The nocturnal, insectivorous, burrowing, mammal Orycteropus afer, of the order Tubulidentata, somewhat resembling a pig, common in some parts of sub-Saharan Africa. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/aardwolf__Noun__1
written_rep: aardwolf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: protel | protel grzywiasty
sense_list:
A nocturnal, insectivorous mammal, Proteles cristatus, of southern and eastern Africa, related to and resembling the hyena. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/ab_initio__Adverb__1
written_rep: ab initio
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: początek
sense_list:
(legal) From the time when a law, legal right or decree, contract, ownership interest, partnership (etc.) comes into force. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/ab_wheel__Noun__1
written_rep: ab wheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kółko wałek
sense_list:
A piece of exercise equipment designed to be gripped in one or both hands and torqued in the course of sagittally abducting the pronated shoulders with the core resisting flexion and extension.


lexentry: eng/aba__Noun__1
written_rep: aba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: abaja
sense_list:
A loose-fitting sleeveless garment, made from aba or silk, worn by Arabs. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abaca__Noun__1
written_rep: abaca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: banan manilski
sense_list:
(uncountable) The fiber of this plant, used in rope, fibers, and cloth. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abacist__Noun__1
written_rep: abacist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abacysta
sense_list:
One who uses an abacus in casting accounts; a calculator. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/aback__Adverb__1
written_rep: aback
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: bieg wsteczny | z tyłu
sense_list:
(nautical) Backward against the mast; said of the sails when pressed by the wind from the "wrong" (forward) side, or of a ship when its sails are set that way. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abactor__Noun__1
written_rep: abactor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: złodziej bydła
sense_list:
(legal, archaic) One who steals and drives away cattle or beasts by herds or droves; a cattle rustler.


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
written_rep: abacus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczydło | abakus | abak
sense_list:
(historical, obsolete) A table or tray scattered with sand which was used for calculating or drawing. [attested from c. 1387] | A device used for performing arithmetical calculations; (rare) a table on which loose counters are placed, or (more commonly) an instrument with beads sliding on rods, or counters in grooves, with one row of beads or counters representing units, the next tens, etc. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abacus__Noun__1
written_rep: abacus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: abakus | liczydło
sense_list:
(architecture) The uppermost portion of the capital of a column immediately under the architrave, in some cases a flat oblong or square slab, in others more decorated. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abaft__Preposition__1
written_rep: abaft
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: za
sense_list:
(nautical) Behind; toward the stern relative to some other object or position; aft of. [First attested around the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abalone__Noun__1
written_rep: abalone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słuchotka | ucho morskie
sense_list:
(North America, Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore) An edible univalve mollusc of the genus Haliotis, having a shell lined with mother-of-pearl. [mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
written_rep: abandon
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porzucić | porzucać
sense_list:
(transitive) To give up or relinquish control of, to surrender or to give oneself over, or to yield to one's emotions. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
written_rep: abandon
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: opuścić | opuszczać | wyrzec się | wyrzekać się
sense_list:
(transitive) To desist in doing, practicing, following, holding, or adhering to; to turn away from; to permit to lapse; to renounce; to discontinue. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
written_rep: abandon
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wyrzec się | wyrzekać się
sense_list:
(transitive) To leave behind; to desert, as in a ship, a position, or a person, typically in response to overwhelming odds or impending dangers; to forsake, in spite of a duty or responsibility. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abandon__Verb__1
written_rep: abandon
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: wyganiać | wygonić
sense_list:
(transitive, obsolete) To cast out; to banish; to expel; to reject. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abandoned__Adjective__1
written_rep: abandoned
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: opuszczony
sense_list:
No longer maintained by its former owners, residents, or caretakers; forsaken, deserted. [Late 15th century]


lexentry: eng/abandonment__Noun__1
written_rep: abandonment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abandon
sense_list:
The act of abandoning, or the state of being abandoned; total desertion; relinquishment. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abandonware__Noun__1
written_rep: abandonware
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abandonware
sense_list:
(software, chiefly, _, video games) A software product that is no longer updated or maintained, or whose copyright is no longer defended or which is no longer marketed even by the company who made it.


lexentry: eng/abase__Verb__1
written_rep: abase
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: korzyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To lower, as in condition in life, office, rank, etc., so as to cause pain or hurt feelings; to degrade, to depress, to humble, to humiliate. [from c. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abash__Verb__1
written_rep: abash
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: speszyć | zawstydzać
sense_list:
(transitive) To make ashamed; to embarrass; to destroy the self-possession of, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to disconcert; to discomfit. [First attested from around (1150 to 1350).]


lexentry: eng/abatacept__Noun__1
written_rep: abatacept
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abatacept
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A fusion protein composed of an immunoglobulin fused to the extracellular domain of CTLA-4, a molecule capable of binding B7, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.


lexentry: eng/abate__Verb__1
written_rep: abate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anulować
sense_list:
To curtail or end (something); to cause to cease. [14th–17th c.] | To make (a writ or other legal document) void; to nullify. [from late 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abate__Verb__1
written_rep: abate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dedukować
sense_list:
Chiefly followed by from, of, etc.: to omit or remove (a part from a whole); to deduct, to subtract. [15th–19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abate__Verb__1
written_rep: abate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obniżać
sense_list:
Chiefly followed by of: to deprive (someone or something of another thing). [15th–19th c.] | To bring down (someone) mentally or physically; to lower (someone) in status. [14th–17th c.] | To reduce (something) in amount or size. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/abate__Verb__1
written_rep: abate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: eliminować
sense_list:
(chiefly, historical) Of a writ or other legal document: to become null and void; to cease to have effect. [from late 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
written_rep: abatement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: redukcja
sense_list:
The act of abating, or the state of being abated; a lessening, diminution, or reduction; a moderation; removal or putting an end to; the suppression. [First attested from 1340 to 1470.] | An amount abated; that which is taken away by way of reduction; deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount allowed; in particular from a tax. [Late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abatement__Noun__1
written_rep: abatement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: poniżenie
sense_list:
(heraldry) A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon; any figure added to the coat of arms tending to lower the dignity or station of the bearer. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abatis__Noun__1
written_rep: abatis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zasiek
sense_list:
A means of defense formed by felled trees, or sometimes by bent trees, the ends of whose branches are sharpened and directed outwards, or against the enemy, and more recently fortified with barbed wire. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abax__Noun__1
written_rep: abax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczydło
sense_list:
An ancient counting board containing grooves in which counters were placed; a forerunner of the abacus.


lexentry: eng/abaxial__Adjective__1
written_rep: abaxial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odosiowy
sense_list:
(botany, zoology) Of a side that is facing away from the axis or central line, such as the underside of a leaf, or the back of an animal. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abbacy__Noun__1
written_rep: abbacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opactwo
sense_list:
The dignity, estate, term, or jurisdiction of an abbot or abbess. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abbess__Noun__1
written_rep: abbess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opatka | przeorysza | ksieni
sense_list:
A female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the same authority over the nuns which the abbots have over the monks. [First attested around 1150 to 1350]


lexentry: eng/abbey__Noun__1
written_rep: abbey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: opactwo
sense_list:
A monastery or society of people, secluded from the world and devoted to religion and celibacy, which is headed by an abbot or abbess; also, the monastic building or buildings. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.] | The church of a monastery. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abbreviate__Verb__1
written_rep: abbreviate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: skracać | skrócić
sense_list:
(transitive) To make shorter; to shorten (in time); to abridge; to shorten by ending sooner than planned. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abbreviation__Noun__1
written_rep: abbreviation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: skrót | skrócenie | skrótowiec
sense_list:
(linguistics) A shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase used to represent the whole, using omission of letters, and sometimes substitution of letters, or duplication of initial letters to signify plurality, including signs such as +, =, @. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abbreviation__Noun__1
written_rep: abbreviation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: abrewiatura
sense_list:
(music) One or more dashes through the stem of a note, dividing it respectively into quavers, semiquavers, demisemiquavers, or hemidemisemiquavers.


lexentry: eng/abbreviature__Noun__1
written_rep: abbreviature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: skrót
sense_list:
An abridgment; a compendium; an abstract. [since the late 16th century] | A shortened form of a word or phrase, used in place of the whole; an abbreviation. [since the mid 17th century]


lexentry: eng/abciximab__Noun__1
written_rep: abciximab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abciksimab
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A powerful anticlotting drug (trademark ReoPro) that inhibits platelet aggregation by binding to a glycoprotein receptor on human platelets and that consists of the Fab fragment from a chimeric monoclonal antibody prepared from humans and mice.


lexentry: eng/abdicate__Verb__1
written_rep: abdicate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abdykować
sense_list:
(transitive, obsolete) To disclaim and expel from the family, as a father his child; to disown; to disinherit. [mid 16th – early 19th c.] | (transitive, obsolete) To reject; to cast off; to discard. [mid 16th – late 17th c.] | (transitive) To surrender, renounce or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, station, dignity; to fail to fulfill responsibility for. [from mid 17th c.] | (intransitive) To relinquish or renounce a throne, or other high office or dignity; to renounce sovereignty. [First attested in the early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdication__Noun__1
written_rep: abdication
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: abdykacja
sense_list:
The act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abdomen__Noun__1
written_rep: abdomen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: abdomen | odwłok
sense_list:
(zoology, entomology) The posterior section of the body, behind the thorax, in insects, crustaceans, and other Arthropoda. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abdominal_cavity__Noun__1
written_rep: abdominal cavity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jama brzuszna
sense_list:
(anatomy) The hollow portion of the torso within the abdomen, containing the abdominal organs, in mammals below the diaphragm.


lexentry: eng/abdominoplasty__Noun__1
written_rep: abdominoplasty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abdominoplastyka
sense_list:
(surgery, uncountable) The surgical removal of excess flesh from the abdomen, usually for cosmetic reasons.


lexentry: eng/abduct__Verb__1
written_rep: abduct
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uprowadzać | uprowadzić
sense_list:
(transitive) To take away by force; to carry away (a human being) wrongfully and usually with violence or deception; to kidnap. [Early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abduction__Noun__1
written_rep: abduction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: abdukcja
sense_list:
(anatomy) The act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; the movement which separates a limb or other part from the axis, or middle line, of the body. [from mid-17th century.] | (logic) A syllogism or form of argument in which the major premise is evident, but the minor is only probable. [from late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abductor__Noun__2
written_rep: abductor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abduktor | mięsień odwodziciel | mięsień odwodzący | odwodziciel
sense_list:
(anatomy) A muscle which serves to draw a part out, or from the median line of the body [early 17th century]


lexentry: eng/abecedary__Noun__1
written_rep: abecedary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: alfabet
sense_list:
One that teaches or learns the alphabet or the fundamentals of any subject; abecedarian. [from late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/abelian__Adjective__1
written_rep: abelian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abelowa | przemienna
sense_list:
(mathematics) Of an algebraic structure (usually a group or algebra), having a commutative defining operation. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrance__Noun__1
written_rep: aberrance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odstępstwo
sense_list:
State of being aberrant; a wandering from the right way; deviation from truth, rectitude. [Mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrant__Adjective__1
written_rep: aberrant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nienormalny
sense_list:
Differing from the norm. [First attested sometime between the mid 16th century and the early 17th century.] | (sometimes, figuratively) Straying from the right way; deviating from morality or truth. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberrant__Adjective__1
written_rep: aberrant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dziwaczny
sense_list:
(botany, zoology) Deviating from the ordinary or natural type; exceptional; abnormal. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aberration__Noun__1
written_rep: aberration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aberracja
sense_list:
(optics) The convergence to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of rays of light emanating from one and the same point, or the deviation of such rays from a single focus; a defect in a focusing mechanism that prevents the intended focal point. [Mid 18th century.] | (astronomy) A small periodical change of the apparent positions of the stars and other heavenly bodies, due to the combined effect of the motion of light and the motion of the observer. [Mid 18th century.] | A mental disorder, especially one of a minor or temporary character. [Early 19th century.] | (zoology, botany) Atypical development or structure; deviation from the normal type; an aberrant organ. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abessive_case__Noun__1
written_rep: abessive case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abessivus
sense_list:
(grammatical case) A grammatical case used to express the lack or absence of something. It has the meaning of the English preposition without or the affix -less.


lexentry: eng/abet__Verb__1
written_rep: abet
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: właczyć
sense_list:
(transitive, crime) To incite; to assist or encourage by aid or countenance in crime. [ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abet__Verb__1
written_rep: abet
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: umożliwiać
sense_list:
(transitive) To support, countenance, maintain, uphold, or aid (any good cause, opinion, or action). [late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abetalipoproteinemia__Noun__1
written_rep: abetalipoproteinemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abetalipoproteinemia
sense_list:
(disease) A rare autosomal recessive disorder that interferes with the normal absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins from food.


lexentry: eng/abettor__Noun__1
written_rep: abettor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wspólnik
sense_list:
One that abets an offender; one that incites; instigates; encourages. [First attested from 1350 to 1470.] | A supporter or advocate. [Late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abeyance__Noun__1
written_rep: abeyance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wakacje
sense_list:
(legal) Expectancy; a condition when an ownership of real property is undetermined; lapse in succession of ownership of estate, or title. [Late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/abhor__Verb__1
written_rep: abhor
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czuć odrazę | nie cierpieć
sense_list:
(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abhorrence__Noun__1
written_rep: abhorrence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odraza
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) Extreme aversion or detestation; the feeling of utter dislike or loathing. [Mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
written_rep: abide
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cierpieć
sense_list:
(transitive) To endure without yielding; to withstand. [from mid-12th c.] | (transitive) To pay for; to stand the consequences of. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abide__Verb__1
written_rep: abide
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: mieszkać
sense_list:
(transitive) To bear patiently. [from late 15th c.] | Used in a phrasal verb: . | (intransitive, obsolete) To wait in expectation. [mid-12th–mid-17th c.] | (intransitive, obsolete) To pause; to delay. [from ca. 1150—1350 to mid-17th c.] | (intransitive, archaic, Scotland) To stay; to continue in a place; to remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to be left. [from ca. 1150—1350] | (intransitive, archaic) To have one's abode. [from ca. 1350—1470] | (intransitive, archaic) To endure; to remain; to last. [from ca. 1350—1470] | (transitive, archaic) To stand ready for; to await for someone; watch for. [from early 12th c.] | (transitive, obsolete) To endure or undergo a hard trial or a task; to stand up under. [from ca. 1150—1350 to early 18th c.] | (transitive, archaic) To await submissively; accept without question; submit to. [from ca. 1350—1470]


lexentry: eng/abide_by__Verb__1
written_rep: abide by
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stosować się
sense_list:
(transitive) To accept (a decision or law) and act in accordance with it; to conform to (a decision or law); to acquiesce to (a decision or law).


lexentry: eng/abietic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: abietic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas abietynowy
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) A yellowish resin acid isolated from rosin and used in varnishes and esters for plasticizers; C19H29COOH.


lexentry: eng/abietin__Noun__1
written_rep: abietin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abietyna
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) A resin obtained from Strasburg turpentine or Canada balsam. It is without taste or smell, is insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol (especially at the boiling point), in strong acetic acid, and in ether.


lexentry: eng/ability__Noun__1
written_rep: ability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zdolność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality or state of being able; capacity to do or of doing something; having the necessary power. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abiogenesis__Noun__1
written_rep: abiogenesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abiogeneza | samorództwo | archigonia
sense_list:
(evolutionary theory) The origination of living organisms from lifeless matter; such genesis as does not involve the action of living parents. [from 1870]


lexentry: eng/abiology__Noun__1
written_rep: abiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abiologia
sense_list:
(science) The sciences, such as geology and astronomy, that collectively deal with inorganic or lifeless bodies.


lexentry: eng/abject__Adjective__1
written_rep: abject
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gorzki
sense_list:
Existing in or sunk to a low condition, position, or state; contemptible, despicable, miserable. [from early 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/abject__Adjective__1
written_rep: abject
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mizerny
sense_list:
Of a person: cast down in hope or spirit; showing utter helplessness, hopelessness, or resignation; also, grovelling; ingratiating; servile. [from mid 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/abject__Noun__1
written_rep: abject
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parias
sense_list:
A person in the lowest and most despicable condition; an oppressed person; an outcast; also, such people as a class. [from early 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abjuration__Noun__1
written_rep: abjuration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abiuracja
sense_list:
A solemn recantation or renunciation on oath; as, an abjuration of heresy. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abjure__Verb__1
written_rep: abjure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyrzec się | wyrzekać się
sense_list:
To solemnly reject (someone or something); to abandon (someone or something) forever; to disavow, to disclaim, to repudiate. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/ablactation__Noun__1
written_rep: ablactation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ablaktacja
sense_list:
The weaning of a child from the breast, or of young animals from their dam. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/ablation__Noun__1
written_rep: ablation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ablacja
sense_list:
(surgery) The surgical removal of a body part, an organ, or especially a tumor; the removal of an organ function; amputation. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (sciences) The progressive removal of material by any of a variety of processes such as melting or vaporization under heat or chipping. [Mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablative__Adjective__1
written_rep: ablative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ablatywny
sense_list:
(grammar) Applied to one of the cases of the noun in some languages, the fundamental meaning of the case being removal, separation, or taking away, and to a lesser degree, instrument, place, accordance, specifications, price, or measurement. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/ablative_absolute__Noun__1
written_rep: ablative absolute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ablativus absolutus
sense_list:
(grammar) A construction in Latin and other sister languages in which an independent phrase with a noun in the ablative case has a participle, adjective, or noun, expressed or implied, which agrees with it in gender, number and case – both words forming a clause grammatically unconnected with the rest of the sentence.


lexentry: eng/ablative_case__Noun__1
written_rep: ablative case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ablatyw | pochodnik
sense_list:
(grammar) A noun case used in some languages to indicate movement away from something, removal, separation. In English grammar, it corresponds roughly to the use in English of prepositions "of", "from", "away from", and "concerning". In Latin grammar, the ablative case (cāsus ablātīvus) includes functions derived from the Indo-European ablative, instrumental, comitative, associative and locative cases; these cases express concepts similar to those of the English prepositions "of"/"from", "by", "with", "to"/"with", and "at"/"in", respectively. Here/hence/hither, there/thence/thither, and where/whence/whither are the only English words with separate forms for the ablative (motion away from) and lative (motion towards) cases.


lexentry: eng/ablaut__Noun__1
written_rep: ablaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przegłos | alternacja | apofonia
sense_list:
(phonology) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/able-bodied_seaman__Noun__1
written_rep: able-bodied seaman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mat
sense_list:
(nautical) A seaman, especially one in the merchant navy, who has been trained or certified in all routine duties; a member of the Royal Navy rated between ordinary seaman and leading seaman or boatswain's mate.


lexentry: eng/able__Adjective__1
written_rep: able
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: mieć możliwość | móc | potrafić
sense_list:
Free from constraints preventing completion of task; permitted to; not prevented from. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/able__Adjective__1
written_rep: able
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zdolny | umiejętny | zręczny
sense_list:
Gifted with skill, intelligence, knowledge, or competence. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablegate__Noun__1
written_rep: ablegate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ablegat
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A representative of the pope charged with important commissions in foreign countries, one of his duties being to bring to a newly named cardinal his insignia of office.


lexentry: eng/ableism__Noun__1
written_rep: ableism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: handicapizm | ableizm
sense_list:
(uncountable) Discrimination against people with disabilities in favor of those without. [from late 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/ablenationalism__Noun__1
written_rep: ablenationalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ablenacjonalizm
sense_list:
The attitude that considers the qualifications of citizenship to be such that people with disabilities are exceptions. [from 2010]


lexentry: eng/abloom__Adverb__1
written_rep: abloom
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w kwiatach
sense_list:
(postpositive) In or into bloom; in a blooming state; having flower blooms unfolding. [Mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/ablution__Noun__1
written_rep: ablution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ablucja | obmycie
sense_list:
The act of washing or cleansing the body, or some part of it, as a religious rite. [From mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnegate__Verb__1
written_rep: abnegate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyrzec się
sense_list:
(transitive) To deny (oneself something); to renounce or give up (a right, a power, a claim, a privilege, a convenience). [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormal__Adjective__1
written_rep: abnormal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nienormalny | anormalny
sense_list:
Not conforming to rule or system; deviating from the usual or normal type. [First attested around the mid 19th century.] | Of or pertaining to that which is irregular, in particular, behaviour that deviates from norms of social propriety or accepted standards of mental health. [First attested around the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormality__Noun__1
written_rep: abnormality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anormalność | nienormalność
sense_list:
The state or quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity. [First attested in the mid 19th century.] | Something abnormal; an aberration; an abnormal occurrence or feature. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormally__Adverb__1
written_rep: abnormally
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anormalnie | nienormalnie
sense_list:
In an abnormal manner; in a way that deviates from a standard, norm, or average. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abnormity__Noun__1
written_rep: abnormity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieregularność
sense_list:
(rare) [First attested in the mid 18th century.] | A monstrosity [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abode__Noun__1
written_rep: abode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: miejsce zamieszkania | postój | sadyba | siedziba
sense_list:
(dated, or, legal) Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn. [Attested from (1350 to 1470) to the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolition__Noun__1
written_rep: abolition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abolicja
sense_list:
The act of abolishing; an annulling; abrogation. [First attested around the early 16th century.] | (historical, often capitalised, UK, US) The ending of the slave trade or of slavery. [First attested around the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolitionism__Noun__1
written_rep: abolitionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abolicjonizm
sense_list:
Support for the abolition of something; the tenets of abolitionists. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abolitionist__Noun__1
written_rep: abolitionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abolicjonista | abolicjonistka
sense_list:
A person favoring or advocating for the abolition of any particular institution or practice. [since the late 18th century]


lexentry: eng/abomasum__Noun__1
written_rep: abomasum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trawieniec
sense_list:
(biology, food) The fourth digestive compartment of the stomach of a cow or other ruminant, after the omasum;the lining of said compartment, considered as a foodstuff.


lexentry: eng/abominable__Adjective__1
written_rep: abominable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ohydny | niegodziwy | odrażający | plugawy
sense_list:
Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of evil omen; odious in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable; loathsome; execrable. [first attested around 1150 to 1350]


lexentry: eng/abominate__Verb__1
written_rep: abominate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brzydzić
sense_list:
(transitive) To feel disgust towards; to loathe or detest thoroughly; to hate in the highest degree, as if with religious dread. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abonnement__Noun__1
written_rep: abonnement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abonament
sense_list:
A subscription or season ticket in a French-speaking country or another country where abonnement is the local term. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aboriginal__Adjective__1
written_rep: aboriginal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborygeński
sense_list:
First according to historical or scientific records; original; indigenous; primitive. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/aborigine__Noun__1
written_rep: aborigine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborygen | autochton | krajowiec | tubylec
sense_list:
A native inhabitant of a country; a member of the original people. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/aborning__Adverb__1
written_rep: aborning
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w powijakach
sense_list:
(chiefly, North America) That is in the process of being born; coming into existence; before coming to completion. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abortifacient__Noun__1
written_rep: abortifacient
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: daremny
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug or an agent that induces an abortion. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abortion__Noun__1
written_rep: abortion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborcja | abort
sense_list:
An induced abortion. | (medicine) The expulsion from the womb of a foetus or embryo before it is fully developed, with loss of the foetus.[from 16th c.] | (biology) Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/abortionist__Noun__1
written_rep: abortionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborcjonista | aborcjonistka | aborter
sense_list:
(now, sometimes, offensive) A person who performs abortions, especially illegally or secretly. [from 1844]


lexentry: eng/abortive__Adjective__1
written_rep: abortive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aborcyjny
sense_list:
(obsolete) Produced by abortion; born prematurely and therefore unnatural. [c. 1400–mid 1700s] | (medicine, pharmaceutical effect, rare) Causing abortion; abortifacient.


lexentry: eng/abound__Verb__1
written_rep: abound
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: roić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be full to overflowing; to bristle. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).] | (intransitive) To be present or available in large numbers or quantities; to be plentiful. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/about__Adverb__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: około | niemal | prawie
sense_list:
Nearly; approximately; with close correspondence in quality, manner, degree, quantity, or time; almost. [from before 1150]


lexentry: eng/about__Adverb__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: wstecz
sense_list:
To a reversed order, direction, or condition; half round; in (or to, or from) the opposite direction. [from ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/about__Preposition__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ponad
sense_list:
Over or upon different parts of; through or over in various directions; here and there in; to and fro in; throughout. [from ca. 1150–1350]


lexentry: eng/about__Preposition__1
written_rep: about
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: przy
sense_list:
Within or in the immediate neighborhood of; in contiguity or proximity to; near, as to place. [from ca. 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/about_to__Phrase__1
written_rep: about to
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: właśnie | zaraz
sense_list:
(idiomatic, with infinitive verb) Indicates something that will happen very soon; indicates action that is imminent; ready to; went to


lexentry: eng/above__Adjective__1
written_rep: above
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: powyższy
sense_list:
(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page. [first attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/above__Adverb__1
written_rep: above
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: powyżej
sense_list:
Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go. [first attested before 1150.]


lexentry: eng/abracadabra__Noun__1
written_rep: abracadabra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abrakadabra
sense_list:
A use of the mystical term ‘abracadabra’, supposed to work as part of a healing charm or a magical spell; any spell or incantation making use of the word. [from 16th c.] | Mumbo jumbo; obscure language or technicalities; jargon. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
written_rep: abrasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abrazja
sense_list:
The act of abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing away by friction. [First attested in the mid 17th century.] | (geology) The effect of mechanical erosion of rock, especially a river bed, by rock fragments scratching and scraping it. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion__Noun__1
written_rep: abrasion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: przetarcie | abrazja
sense_list:
(medicine) A superficial wound caused by scraping; an area of skin where the cells on the surface have been scraped or worn away. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrasion_platform__Noun__1
written_rep: abrasion platform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: platforma abrazyjna
sense_list:
(geology) A sloping or nearly flat bedrock surface extending out from the foot of a marine cliff under shallow water of a breaker (wave) zone, that was created by marine abrasion.


lexentry: eng/abrasive__Adjective__1
written_rep: abrasive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szorstki
sense_list:
Being rough and coarse in manner or disposition; overly aggressive and causing irritation. [First attested in 1925.]


lexentry: eng/abrasive__Noun__1
written_rep: abrasive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ścierny
sense_list:
A hard inorganic substance or material consisting in powder or granule form such as sandpaper, pumice, or emery, used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abreact__Verb__1
written_rep: abreact
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odreagować
sense_list:
(transitive, psychoanalysis) To eliminate previously repressed emotions by reliving past experiences. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abreaction__Noun__1
written_rep: abreaction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abreakcja
sense_list:
(psychoanalysis) The re-living of an experience with a view to purging its emotional dross. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abridge__Verb__1
written_rep: abridge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: skracać
sense_list:
(transitive) To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet retaining the sense; to epitomize; to condense. [First attested in 1384] [First attested around 1350–1470]


lexentry: eng/abridgment__Noun__1
written_rep: abridgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wyjście
sense_list:
(US) An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or abridged form; an abbreviation. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]


lexentry: eng/abrogate__Verb__1
written_rep: abrogate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abrogować
sense_list:
(transitive, law) To annul (as a law, decree, ordinance, etc.) by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the maker or their successor; to repeal.[First attested in the early 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abrupt__Adjective__1
written_rep: abrupt
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nagłe
sense_list:
Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abruptly__Adverb__1
written_rep: abruptly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nagle | bezceremonialnie | improwizując | raptem
sense_list:
In an abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual forms; suddenly; precipitously. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscess__Noun__1
written_rep: abscess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ropień | absces
sense_list:
(pathology) A cavity caused by tissue destruction, usually because of infection, filled with pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscise__Verb__1
written_rep: abscise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: chudnąć
sense_list:
(intransitive, botany) To separate by means of abscission; to shed or drop off. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abscissa__Noun__1
written_rep: abscissa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odcięta | abscysa
sense_list:
(geometry) The first of the two terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of fixed rectilinear coordinate (Cartesian coordinate) axes. [First attested in the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abseil__Verb__1
written_rep: abseil
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obchodzić
sense_list:
(intransitive) To descend a steep or vertical drop using a rope with a mechanical friction device or (classic abseil) by wrapping the rope around the body; to rappel. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absence__Noun__1
written_rep: absence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieobecność | absencja
sense_list:
A state of being away or withdrawn from a place or from companionship | Inattention to things present; abstraction (of mind). [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absence__Noun__1
written_rep: absence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: absencja | nieobecność
sense_list:
Failure to be present where one is expected, wanted, or needed; nonattendance; deficiency. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absence_of_mind__Noun__1
written_rep: absence of mind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieobecność
sense_list:
A state or the quality of being absent-minded (abstracted, preoccupied). [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent-minded__Adjective__1
written_rep: absent-minded
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: roztargniony
sense_list:
Absent in mind; often preoccupied; forgetful or careless due to distraction; easily distracted. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent-mindedness__Noun__1
written_rep: absent-mindedness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: roztargnienie
sense_list:
The characteristic or state of being easily distracted or preoccupied. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absent__Adjective__1
written_rep: absent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieobecny
sense_list:
(not comparable) Being away from a place; withdrawn from a place; existing but not present; (sometimes) missing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (not comparable) Not existing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (comparable) Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded; preoccupied. [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absentee__Noun__1
written_rep: absentee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieobecny
sense_list:
(law) A person who is absent from their residence and usual environment, and has not been seen or heard from for some period of time, so that it is unknown whether they are still alive, for the purpose of civil law dealing with the management of property etc. in such cases. | A person who is absent from his or her employment, school, post, duty, etc. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (attributive) Designating something whose owner, person responsible, etc. is absent.


lexentry: eng/absenteeism__Noun__1
written_rep: absenteeism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absencja
sense_list:
The state of being absent, especially frequently or without good reason; the practice of an absentee. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absinthe__Noun__1
written_rep: absinthe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: absynt | piołunówka | zielona wróżka
sense_list:
A distilled, highly alcoholic, anise-flavored liquor originally made from grande wormwood, anise, and other herbs. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/absinthin__Noun__1
written_rep: absinthin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absyntyna
sense_list:
(organic compound) The principal compound found in wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), having a bitter taste: C15H20O4


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
written_rep: absolute
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutny | bezwarunkowy | bezwzględny
sense_list:
Free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions; unconditional. [first attested in the late 1400s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
written_rep: absolute
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: absolutny
sense_list:
Free from imperfection, perfect, complete; especially, perfectly embodying a quality in its essential characteristics or to its highest degree. [first attested around 1400] | (especially, philosophy) Fundamental, ultimate, intrinsic; not relative; independent of references or relations to other things or standards. [first attested in the late 1700s]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Adjective__1
written_rep: absolute
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: bezwzględny
sense_list:
(grammar) Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence; not in a syntactical relation with other parts of a text, or qualifying the text as a whole rather than any single word in it, like "it being over" in "it being over, she left". [first attested around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/absolute__Noun__1
written_rep: absolute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: absolut
sense_list:
(philosophy, usually capitalized, usually preceded by "the") A realm which exists without reference to anything else; that which can be imagined purely by itself; absolute ego. | (chemistry) A concentrated natural flower oil, used for perfumes; an alcoholic extract of a concrete.


lexentry: eng/absolute_music__Noun__1
written_rep: absolute music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: muzyka absolutna
sense_list:
Instrumental music having an intellectual and affective content, which depends solely on its rhythmic, melodic, and contrapuntal structure.


lexentry: eng/absolute_pitch__Noun__1
written_rep: absolute pitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słuch absolutny
sense_list:
(music, countable, or, uncountable) The exact pitch of a note as established by its rate of vibration based on a standard scale.


lexentry: eng/absolute_value__Noun__1
written_rep: absolute value
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wartość bezwzględna
sense_list:
(mathematics) For a complex number a+bi, the principal square root of the sum of the squares of its real and imaginary parts, \sqrt{a^2+b^2}. Denoted by vertical bars | \, |.


lexentry: eng/absolute_zero__Noun__1
written_rep: absolute zero
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zero bezwzględne | zero absolutne
sense_list:
(physics) The coldest possible temperature, equivalent to zero on the Kelvin scale, or approximately −273.15 °C, −459.67 °F; a total absence of heat; the temperature at which the motion of all molecules would cease. [First attested in the early 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absoluteness__Noun__1
written_rep: absoluteness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutność
sense_list:
(obsolete) The fact of being finished or perfected; completeness. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the 17th century.] | The fact of being without qualifications or conditions; certainty, unconditionality. [First attested in the 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolution__Noun__1
written_rep: absolution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolucja | rozgrzeszenie
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical) An absolving of sins from ecclesiastical penalties by an authority. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.] | The form of words by which a penitent is absolved. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | An absolving, or setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty; forgiveness of an offense. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (civil, _, legal, obsolete) An acquittal, or sentence of a judge declaring an accused person innocent. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolutism__Noun__1
written_rep: absolutism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: absolutyzm
sense_list:
(political science, sociology) The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; Synonym of despotism. [First attested in the early 19th century.] | (philosophy) Belief in a metaphysical absolute; belief in Absolute. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absolutist__Noun__1
written_rep: absolutist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutysta | absolutystka
sense_list:
One who is in favor of an absolute or autocratic government. [from mid 19th c.] | (metaphysics) One who believes that it is possible to realize a cognition or concept of the Absolute. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/absolutive__Adjective__1
written_rep: absolutive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutywny
sense_list:
(grammar) Of or pertaining to the grammatical case prototypically used to indicate the sole argument of an intransitive verb, and the more patientive argument of a transitive verb.


lexentry: eng/absolutive_case__Noun__1
written_rep: absolutive case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absolutyw
sense_list:
(grammatical case) case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb’s action. The absolutive case is used to mark the subject of an intransitive verb, as well as the object of a transitive verb (inasmuch as they are codified in the English nominative-accusative system). Some languages that employ the absolutive case include Abkhaz, Basque, Chechen, Dyirbal, Hindi, Inuktitut, Hiligaynon, and Yup'ik.


lexentry: eng/absolve__Verb__1
written_rep: absolve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: absolwować | rozgrzeszać | rozgrzeszyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To pronounce free from or give absolution for a penalty, blame, or guilt. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorb__Verb__1
written_rep: absorb
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbować | pochłaniać | wchłaniać | zaabsorbować | chłonąć | pochłonąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To include so that it no longer has separate existence; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if by swallowing up; to incorporate; to assimilate; to take in and use up. [first attested c. 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/absorbed__Adjective__1
written_rep: absorbed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pochłonięty
sense_list:
Fully occupied with one's thoughts; engrossed. [First attested in the mid 18th century.] | That has been taken in, engulfed, imbibed, or assimilated. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorbency__Noun__1
written_rep: absorbency
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbancja
sense_list:
The quality of being absorbent. | (physics) The ratio of the absorbance or optical density of a substance to that of a similar body of pure solvent.


lexentry: eng/absorbent__Adjective__1
written_rep: absorbent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbujący | absorpcyjny | chłonny | pochłanający | wchłanający
sense_list:
Having the ability or tendency to absorb; able to soak up liquid easily; absorptive. [First attested in the early 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorber__Noun__1
written_rep: absorber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbent | absorber | pochłaniacz
sense_list:
A device which causes gas or vapor to be absorbed by a liquid. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorptiometer__Noun__1
written_rep: absorptiometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorpcjometr
sense_list:
An instrument that computes the absorption rate by measuring the pressure of the gas; a colorimeter for liquids. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption__Noun__1
written_rep: absorption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorpcja
sense_list:
(physical chemistry, physics) the imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action, of radiant energy; the process of being neutrons being absorbed by the nucleus; interception. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorption__Noun__1
written_rep: absorption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyswajanie | absorpcja
sense_list:
(physiology) in living organisms, the process by which the materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed and conveyed to the tissues and organs; taking in by various means, such as by osmosis. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]


lexentry: eng/absorptive__Adjective__1
written_rep: absorptive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absorbujący | chłonny | pochłanający | wchłanający
sense_list:
Having power, capacity, or tendency to absorb or imbibe; absorbent. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstain__Verb__1
written_rep: abstain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: powstrzymać | powstrzymywać | wstrzymać | wstrzymywać
sense_list:
(intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstainer__Noun__1
written_rep: abstainer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstynent | abstynentka
sense_list:
One who abstains; especially, one who abstains from something, such as the use of alcohol or drugs, or one who abstains for religious reasons; one who practices self-denial. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstemious__Adjective__1
written_rep: abstemious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: powściągliwy
sense_list:
Refraining from freely consuming food or strong drink; sparing in diet; abstinent, temperate. [From early 17th c.] | Sparingly used; used with temperance or moderation. | Marked by, or spent in, abstinence.


lexentry: eng/abstention__Noun__1
written_rep: abstention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstynencja
sense_list:
(obsolete) The act of restraining oneself. [Attested from the early 16th century until the med 17th century.] | The act of abstaining or refraining (from). [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
written_rep: abstinence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstynencja
sense_list:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating/alcoholic beverages; total abstinence; teetotalism). [First attested around 1150 to 1350.] | (business) Delay of spending to accrue capital.


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
written_rep: abstinence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstynencja | wstrzemięźliwość
sense_list:
The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinence__Noun__1
written_rep: abstinence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wstrzemięźliwość | abstynencja
sense_list:
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from sexual intercourse, either permanently or until marriage. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]


lexentry: eng/abstinent__Adjective__1
written_rep: abstinent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wstrzemięźliwy
sense_list:
Refraining from indulgence, especially from the indulgence of appetite. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Adjective__1
written_rep: abstract
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: abstrakcyjny
sense_list:
Apart from practice or reality; vague; theoretical; impersonal; not applied. | Difficult to understand; abstruse; hard to conceptualize. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (arts, often, capitalized) Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20th century. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract__Verb__1
written_rep: abstract
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrahować | odciągać | odciągnąć | wyabstrahować
sense_list:
To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality.


lexentry: eng/abstract__Verb__1
written_rep: abstract
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odciągać | odciągnąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To draw off (interest or attention). | (transitive) To separate; to disengage. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | (transitive, euphemistic) To steal; to take away; to remove without permission. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstract_algebra__Noun__1
written_rep: abstract algebra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algebra abstrakcyjna
sense_list:
(mathematics) The branch of mathematics concerned with algebraic structures, such as groups, rings, and fields.


lexentry: eng/abstract_analytic_number_theory__Noun__1
written_rep: abstract analytic number theory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrakcyjna analityczna teoria liczb
sense_list:
(number theory) A branch of number theory in which suitable ideas and techniques from analytic number theory are generalised and applied to a variety of mathematical fields.


lexentry: eng/abstract_art__Noun__1
written_rep: abstract art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrakcjonizm
sense_list:
Art that does not depict objects in the natural world, but instead uses color and form in a non-representational way.


lexentry: eng/abstract_factory_pattern__Noun__1
written_rep: abstract factory pattern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fabryka abstrakcyjna
sense_list:
(software, object-oriented) A creational design pattern that decouples the object creation by providing a group of individual factories by defining an abstract factory class.


lexentry: eng/abstract_harmonic_analysis__Noun__1
written_rep: abstract harmonic analysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrakcyjna analiza harmoniczna
sense_list:
(harmonic analysis, representation theory, topology) A branch of harmonic analysis dealing with generalised Fourier transforms that act on functions defined on Hausdorff locally compact topological groups.


lexentry: eng/abstract_method__Noun__1
written_rep: abstract method
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: metoda abstrakcyjna
sense_list:
(object-oriented) A method of an abstract class that has no implementation in that class and must therefore be implemented by all subtyping classes.


lexentry: eng/abstract_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: abstract verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czasownik abstrakcyjny
sense_list:
(grammar) Of Slavic languages, a verb of motion whose motion is multidirectional (as opposed to unidirectional) or indirect, or whose action is repeated or in a series (iterative), instead of being a single completed action; always imperfective in aspect, even with prefixes that are normally associated with the perfective aspect (eg. Polish przybiegać).


lexentry: eng/abstracted__Adjective__1
written_rep: abstracted
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: pochłonięty
sense_list:
Inattentive to surrounding objects; absent in mind; meditative. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstraction__Noun__1
written_rep: abstraction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: abstrakcja
sense_list:
The act of focusing on one characteristic of an object rather than the object as a whole group of characteristics; the act of separating said qualities from the object or ideas. [First attested in the late 16th century.] | The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities; the act of generalizing characteristics; the product of said generalization. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstractionism__Noun__1
written_rep: abstractionism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrakcjonizm
sense_list:
The creation, principles, or ideals of abstractions, in particular art. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/abstractionist__Noun__1
written_rep: abstractionist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrakcjonista | abstrakcjonistka
sense_list:
An idealist. [First attested in the mid 19th century.] | (art) Someone who supports or creates abstract art.


lexentry: eng/abstractive__Adjective__1
written_rep: abstractive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abstrakcyjny
sense_list:
Having an abstracting nature or tendency; tending to separate; tending to be withdrawn. [First attested in the late 15th century.] | Derived by abstraction; belonging to abstraction. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurd__Adjective__1
written_rep: absurd
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absurdalny | niedorzeczny | bezsensowny
sense_list:
Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/absurdism__Noun__1
written_rep: absurdism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absurdyzm
sense_list:
(uncountable, philosophy) A philosophy which holds that the universe is chaotic and irrational and that any attempt to impose order will ultimately fail. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdist__Noun__1
written_rep: absurdist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absurdalista | absurdysta
sense_list:
An advocate of absurdism, in particular a writer of absurd topics. [First attested in the mid 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdity__Noun__1
written_rep: absurdity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absurd | bezsens
sense_list:
(countable) That which is absurd; an absurd action; a logical contradiction. [First attested in the late 15th century.]


lexentry: eng/absurdity__Noun__1
written_rep: absurdity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: absurdalność | bezsensowność | niedorzeczność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment. [First attested in the early 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abulia__Noun__1
written_rep: abulia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abulia
sense_list:
(psychiatry) Absence of willpower or decisiveness, especially as a symptom of mental illness. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/abundance__Noun__1
written_rep: abundance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obfitość
sense_list:
A large quantity; many. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.] | An overflowing fullness or ample sufficiency; profusion; copious supply; superfluity; plentifulness. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.] | Wealth; affluence; plentiful amount of resources. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abundance__Noun__1
written_rep: abundance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: częstotliwość
sense_list:
Frequency, amount, ratio of something within a given environment or sample. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abundance__Noun__1
written_rep: abundance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: abundance
sense_list:
(card games) A bid to take nine or more tricks in solo whist. [First attested in the late 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abundant__Adjective__1
written_rep: abundant
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obfity
sense_list:
Fully sufficient; found in copious supply; in great quantity; overflowing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abundant_number__Noun__1
written_rep: abundant number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczba nadmiarowa | liczba nadmierna
sense_list:
(number theory) A number that is less than the sum of its proper divisors (all divisors except the number itself).


lexentry: eng/abundantly__Adverb__1
written_rep: abundantly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obficie
sense_list:
In an abundant manner; in a sufficient degree; in large measure. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Noun__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nadużycie | molestowanie
sense_list:
Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom. [from around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Noun__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: obraza | zniewaga
sense_list:
Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies. [from mid-16th c.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Verb__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gwałcić | maltretować | nadużywać | nadużyć | obrazić | obrażać
sense_list:
(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert [from around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Verb__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: obrazić | obrażać | znieważać | znieważyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Verb__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: nadużywać | nadużyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually. [from mid-20th c.]


lexentry: eng/abuse__Verb__1
written_rep: abuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: gwałcić | zgwałcić
sense_list:
(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate. [from around 1350 to 1470]


lexentry: eng/abusiveness__Noun__1
written_rep: abusiveness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abuzywność
sense_list:
The quality of being abusive; rudeness of language, or violence to the person. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abut__Verb__1
written_rep: abut
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: graniczyć | przylegać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To touch by means of a mutual border, edge or end; to border on; to lie adjacent (to); to be contiguous (said of an area of land) [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abutilon__Noun__1
written_rep: abutilon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abutilon | klonik | zaślaz
sense_list:
Any of the various tropical flowering plants of the genus Abutilon, such as the flowering maple, Indian mallow, or Chinese lantern. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/abutment__Noun__1
written_rep: abutment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przyczółek
sense_list:
(engineering, architecture) The solid portion of a structure that supports the lateral pressure of an arch or vault. [First attested in the mid 18th century.] | (architecture) That element that shares a common boundary or surface with its neighbor.


lexentry: eng/abuttal__Noun__1
written_rep: abuttal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: granica
sense_list:
(rare, pluralonly) The butting or boundary of land, particularly at the end; buttals. [First attested in the early 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/abyss__Noun__1
written_rep: abyss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepaść | otchłań | czeluść
sense_list:
Hell; the bottomless pit; primeval chaos; a confined subterranean ocean. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]


lexentry: eng/abyss__Noun__1
written_rep: abyss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przepaść | otchłań
sense_list:
(frequently, figurative) A bottomless or unfathomed depth, gulf, or chasm; hence, any deep, immeasurable; any void space. [First attested in the late 16th century.] | Moral depravity; vast intellectual or moral depth.


lexentry: eng/abyssal__Adjective__1
written_rep: abyssal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: abisalny | abysalny | głębokomorski | głębokowodny
sense_list:
(geography) Of or belonging to the ocean depths, especially below 2000 metres (6500 ft): abyssal zone. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]


lexentry: eng/abyssal_zone__Noun__1
written_rep: abyssal zone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abisal | abysal | strefa abisalna | strefa głębinowa | strefa abysalna
sense_list:
(geography) The oceanic realm consisting of the deep ocean, typified by a dearth of plant life, and plentiful carnivorous animals that are able to withstand extreme pressure.


lexentry: eng/academia__Noun__1
written_rep: academia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akademia
sense_list:
(collective) The scientific and cultural community engaged in higher education and research, taken as a whole. [from 1956] | Continuous study at higher education institutions; scholarship.


lexentry: eng/academian__Noun__1
written_rep: academian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademiczka
sense_list:
(obsolete) A member of an academy, university, or college. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the late 17th century.]


lexentry: eng/academic__Adjective__1
written_rep: academic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademicki
sense_list:
Belonging to an academy or other higher institution of learning, or a scholarly society or organization. [from late 16th century] | In particular: relating to literary, classical, or artistic studies like the humanities, rather than to technical or vocational studies like engineering or welding. | (art) Conforming to set rules and traditions; conventional; formalistic. [from late 19th century]


lexentry: eng/academic__Noun__1
written_rep: academic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademik | akademiczka
sense_list:
A senior member of an academy, college, or university; a person who attends an academy; a person engaged in scholarly pursuits; one who is academic in practice. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academic_institution__Noun__1
written_rep: academic institution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: szkoła wyższa
sense_list:
An educational institution, dedicated to higher education and research, that grants academic degrees.


lexentry: eng/academical__Adjective__1
written_rep: academical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademicki
sense_list:
Pertaining to a university or other form of higher education. [First attested in the late 16th century.]


lexentry: eng/academically__Adverb__1
written_rep: academically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akademicko
sense_list:
In an academic style or way; from an academic perspective. [First attested in the late 16th century]


lexentry: eng/academician__Noun__1
written_rep: academician
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akademiczka | akademik
sense_list:
A member or follower of an academy, or society for promoting science, art, or literature, such as the French Academy, or the Royal Academy of Arts. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/academy__Noun__1
written_rep: academy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: akademia
sense_list:
An institution for the study of higher learning; a college or a university; typically a private school. [First attested in the mid 16th century.] | A school or place of training in which some special art is taught. [First attested in the late 16th century.] | A society of learned people united for the advancement of the arts and sciences, and literature, or some particular art or science. [First attested in the early 17th century.] | (obsolete) The knowledge disseminated in an Academy. [Attested from the early 17th century until the mid 18th century.] | (UK, education) A school directly funded by central government, independent of local control; a charter school.


lexentry: eng/acai__Noun__1
written_rep: acai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: euterpa warzywna
sense_list:
Any of several South American palms, of the genus Euterpe, having a dark purple drupe. | acai berry, the fruit of these trees, harvested for its juice.


lexentry: eng/acalculia__Noun__1
written_rep: acalculia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akalkulia
sense_list:
(pathology) The condition of lacking basic mathematical skills caused by a brain injury, or more specifically an injury to the parietal lobe. [First attested in the early 20th century.]


lexentry: eng/acanthite__Noun__1
written_rep: acanthite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argentyt
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral form of silver sulfide, Ag2S, that is a major ore of silver, that forms slender prisms.


lexentry: eng/acanthus__Noun__1
written_rep: acanthus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akant
sense_list:
A member of the genus Acanthus of herbaceous prickly plants with toothed leaves, (family Acanthaceae, order Lamiales (formerly Scrophulariales)) found in the south of Europe, Asia Minor, and India. [from mid 16th century] | (architectural element) An ornament resembling the foliage or leaves of Acanthus spinosus, used in the capitals of the Corinthian and composite orders. [from mid 18th century]


lexentry: eng/acarus__Noun__1
written_rep: acarus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kleszcz
sense_list:
(zoology, acarology) Any member of the subclass Acari (aka Acarina): thus, a mite or a tick; specifically, any mite of the genus Acarus.


lexentry: eng/accede__Verb__1
written_rep: accede
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przystawać | przystać | przystąpić | przyłączać się | przyłączyć się | wstąpić
sense_list:
(intransitive, now, _, rare) To give one's adhesion; to join up with (a group, etc.); to become part of. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/accede__Verb__1
written_rep: accede
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: obejmować | objąć
sense_list:
(intransitive) To come to an office, state or dignity; to attain, assume (a position). [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/accelerant__Noun__1
written_rep: accelerant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paliwo
sense_list:
In the context of fire protection, a substance that accelerates the development of a fire, especially some hydrocarbon-based fuel used to spread a fire caused by arson.


lexentry: eng/accelerate__Verb__1
written_rep: accelerate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przyśpieszać się | przyśpieszyć się
sense_list:
(transitive) To quicken the natural or ordinary progression or process of. | (intransitive) To become faster; to begin to move more quickly.


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
written_rep: acceleration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyspieszenie | akceleracja
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as opposed to retardation or deceleration. | (physics) The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).


lexentry: eng/acceleration__Noun__1
written_rep: acceleration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przyspieszenie
sense_list:
(countable) The amount by which a speed or velocity increases (and so a scalar quantity or a vector quantity).


lexentry: eng/acceleration_lane__Noun__1
written_rep: acceleration lane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pas do przyspieszania
sense_list:
A lane that allows traffic entering a highway to accelerate to the speed of through traffic before merging with it.


lexentry: eng/accelerator__Noun__1
written_rep: accelerator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akcelerator
sense_list:
A device for causing acceleration. | (vehicle) A pedal causing the vehicle to accelerate when it is pressed. | (physics) A device that accelerates charged subatomic particles; a particle accelerator.


lexentry: eng/accent__Noun__1
written_rep: accent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: akcent
sense_list:
(orthography) A mark or character used in writing, in order to indicate the place of the spoken accent, or to indicate the nature or quality of the vowel marked. | (linguistics, sociolinguistics) The distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect. | (sign languages) A distinctive manner of producing a sign language, such as someone who does not normally use a certain sign language might have when using it. | A word; a significant tone or sound. | (prosody, poetry) Stress laid on certain syllables of a verse. | (music) A regularly recurring stress upon the tone to mark the beginning, and, more feebly, the third part of the measure. | (music) A special emphasis of a tone, even in the weaker part of the measure. | (music) A mark used to represent this special emphasis.The third and fourth symbols are accents (marks used to represent special emphasis in music). | (music) The rhythmical accent, which marks phrases and sections of a period.


lexentry: eng/accentuate__Verb__1
written_rep: accentuate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcentować
sense_list:
(transitive) To pronounce with an accent or vocal stress. | (transitive) To mark with a written accent.


lexentry: eng/accentuate__Verb__1
written_rep: accentuate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akcentować | podkreślać | uwypuklać | podkreślić | uwydatniać | uwydatnić
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring out distinctly; to make more noticeable or prominent; to emphasize. [from 1865]


lexentry: eng/acceptance__Noun__1
written_rep: acceptance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akceptacja | przyjęcie
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of accepting; the receiving of something offered, with acquiescence, approbation, or satisfaction; especially, favourable reception; approval.


lexentry: eng/acceptance__Noun__1
written_rep: acceptance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: akcept | akceptacja
sense_list:
(business, finance) An assent and engagement by the person on whom a bill of exchange is drawn, to pay it when due according to the terms of the acceptance; the bill of exchange itself when accepted.


lexentry: eng/acceptilation__Noun__1
written_rep: acceptilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akceptylacja | umorzenie
sense_list:
(civil law) Gratuitous discharge; a release from debt or obligation without payment; free remission.


lexentry: eng/access__Noun__1
written_rep: access
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dostęp
sense_list:
(uncountable) A way or means of approaching or entering; an entrance; a passage. | (uncountable) The act of approaching or entering; an advance. | (countable, computing) The process of locating data in memory. | (uncountable, networking) Connection to or communication with a computer program or to the Internet.


lexentry: eng/access__Noun__1
written_rep: access
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dostęp | akces | akcesja
sense_list:
(uncountable) The right or ability of approaching or entering; admittance; admission; accessibility.


lexentry: eng/accessory__Adjective__1
written_rep: accessory
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcesoryczny | akcesoryjny
sense_list:
Having a secondary, supplementary or subordinate function by accompanying as a subordinate; aiding in a secondary way; being additional; contributing or being contributory. [from 1550s]


lexentry: eng/accessory__Adjective__1
written_rep: accessory
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pomocnictwo
sense_list:
(legal) Assisting a crime without actually participating in committing the crime itself; being connected as an incident or subordinate to a principal.


lexentry: eng/accessory__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akcesoria | akcesorium | dodatek | dodatki
sense_list:
Something that belongs to part of another main thing; something additional and subordinate, an attachment.


lexentry: eng/accessory__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: współsprawca
sense_list:
(legal) A person who is not present at a crime, but contributes to it as an assistant or instigator. [from 1414]


lexentry: eng/accessory_after_the_fact__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory after the fact
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: popleczniczka | poplecznik
sense_list:
(legal) An individual who assists someone who has committed a crime so as to protect them from legal prosecution.


lexentry: eng/accessory_fruit__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory fruit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: owoc pozorny
sense_list:
(botany) A fruit which includes tissue not derived from the ovary but from some adjacent tissue, as for instance, a strawberry.


lexentry: eng/accessory_mineral__Noun__1
written_rep: accessory mineral
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: minerał akcesoryczny
sense_list:
(mineral) any mineral that is present in small amounts in a rock, but is not considered to be characteristic of the rock


lexentry: eng/accident__Noun__1
written_rep: accident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wypadek
sense_list:
An unexpected event with negative consequences occurring without the intention of the one suffering the consequences, and (in the strict sense) not directly caused by humans. | (transportation) A collision or crash of a vehicle, aircraft, or other form of transportation that causes damage to the transportation involved; and sometimes injury or death to the transportation's occupants or bystanders in close proximity. (but see Usage notes)


lexentry: eng/accidental__Adjective__1
written_rep: accidental
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: przypadkowy
sense_list:
Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to the usual course of things; by accident, unintentional. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/accidental_gap__Noun__1
written_rep: accidental gap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lakuna
sense_list:
(linguistics) A potential word, word sense, morpheme, or other form that does not exist in some language despite the fact that it would be permissible by the grammatical rules of that language.


lexentry: eng/accidie__Noun__1
written_rep: accidie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lenistwo
sense_list:
(now, literary) Sloth, slothfulness, especially as inducing general listlessness and apathy. [from 13th c.]


lexentry: eng/acclimatization__Noun__1
written_rep: acclimatization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aklimatyzacja
sense_list:
The act of acclimatizing; the process of inuring to a new climate, or the state of being so inured. | (biology) The climatic adaptation of an organism that has been moved to a new environment.


lexentry: eng/acclimatize__Verb__1
written_rep: acclimatize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aklimatyzować | aklimatyzować się | zaaklimatyzować | zaaklimatyzować się
sense_list:
(transitive) To make used to a new climate or one that is different from that which is natural; to inure or habituate to other circumstances; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign or strange climate.


lexentry: eng/acclivity__Noun__1
written_rep: acclivity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pochyłość
sense_list:
(geomorphology) A slope or inclination of the earth, as the side of a hill, considered as ascending, in opposition to declivity, or descending; an upward slope; ascent.


lexentry: eng/accommodate__Verb__1
written_rep: accommodate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: akomodować
sense_list:
(transitive) To show the correspondence of; to apply or make suit by analogy; to adapt or fit, as teachings to accidental circumstances, statements to facts, etc.


lexentry: eng/accommodation__Noun__1
written_rep: accommodation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zakwaterowanie
sense_list:
(chiefly, British, usually, a mass noun) Lodging in a dwelling or similar living quarters afforded to travellers in hotels or on cruise ships, or prisoners, etc. | (countable, uncountable) A convenience, a fitting, something satisfying a need.


lexentry: eng/accommodation__Noun__1
written_rep: accommodation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akomodacja
sense_list:
(countable, medical) The adjustment of the eye to a change of the distance from an observed object. | (linguistics, sociolinguistics) Modification(s) to make one's way of communicating similar to others involved in a conversation or discourse.


lexentry: eng/accommodation__Noun__1
written_rep: accommodation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akomodacja | przystosowanie
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, followed by to) The act of fitting or adapting, or the state of being fitted or adapted; adaptation; adjustment.


lexentry: eng/accompaniment__Noun__1
written_rep: accompaniment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akompaniament
sense_list:
(music) A part, usually performed by instruments, that gives support or adds to the background in music, or adds for ornamentation; also, the harmony of a figured bass. | That which accompanies; something that attends as a circumstance, or which is added to give greater completeness to the principal thing, or by way of ornament, or for the sake of symmetry.


lexentry: eng/accompany__Verb__1
written_rep: accompany
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: towarzyszyć | asystować
sense_list:
(transitive) To go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along with.


lexentry: eng/accomplice__Noun__1
written_rep: accomplice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: współsprawca | wspólnik | wspólniczka | współsprawczyni
sense_list:
(legal) An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in an offense, whether a principal or an accessory.


lexentry: eng/accordion__Noun__1
written_rep: accordion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akordeon | harmonia ręczna
sense_list:
A box-shaped musical instrument played by compressing or expanding its bellows while pressing its buttons or its keys, causing pallets to open, which allow air to flow across strips of brass or steel (reeds).


lexentry: eng/account__Noun__1
written_rep: account
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: konto | relacja
sense_list:
(accounting) A registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review. [from c. 1300]


lexentry: eng/account__Noun__1
written_rep: account
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: konto | rachunek
sense_list:
A statement in general of reasons, causes, grounds, etc., explanatory of some event; a reason of an action to be done. | Authorization as a specific registered user in accessing a system.


lexentry: eng/account_for__Verb__1
written_rep: account for
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyjaśniać
sense_list:
(transitive) To explain by relating circumstances; to show that some one, thing or members of a group are present or have been processed.


lexentry: eng/account_manager__Noun__1
written_rep: account manager
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opiekun klienta
sense_list:
(business) A person who is in charge of sales to one or more named customers or to a specified segment of the market, especially in B2B marketing; supposedly refers to a somewhat more responsible job than the term salesman.


lexentry: eng/accountability__Noun__1
written_rep: accountability
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpowiedzialność | rozliczalność
sense_list:
The state of being accountable; liability to be called on to render an account or give an explanation; liability to be held responsible or answerable for something.


lexentry: eng/accountancy__Noun__1
written_rep: accountancy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rachunkowość
sense_list:
(uncountable, British, NZ, often, _, Philippines, accounting) The function of compiling and providing financial information primarily by reports referred to as financial statements, including bookkeeping, systems design, analysis and interpretation of accounting information.


lexentry: eng/accountant__Noun__1
written_rep: accountant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: księgowy | księgowa
sense_list:
(accounting) One whose profession includes organizing, maintaining and auditing the records of another. The records are usually, but not always, financial records.


lexentry: eng/accounting__Noun__1
written_rep: accounting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rachunkowość | księgowość
sense_list:
(business) The development and use of a system for recording and analyzing the financial transactions and financial status of an individual or a business.


lexentry: eng/accounts_payable__Noun__1
written_rep: accounts payable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: należności | zobowiązania
sense_list:
The total amount of money that is owed by a customer to its suppliers of goods and services and is counted by the customer as a current unpaid debt.


lexentry: eng/accounts_receivable__Noun__2
written_rep: accounts receivable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: należność
sense_list:
(accounting) The total monetary amount owed to a financial entity due to debts arising from sales on credit or on account.


lexentry: eng/accredit__Verb__1
written_rep: accredit
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akredytować
sense_list:
(transitive) To put or bring into credit; to invest with credit or authority; to sanction. | (transitive) To send with letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy, or diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or delegate.


lexentry: eng/accreditation__Noun__1
written_rep: accreditation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akredytacja
sense_list:
The giving of credentials. | (education) The granting of approval to an institution of higher learning by an official review board after the school has met certain requirements.


lexentry: eng/accretion__Noun__1
written_rep: accretion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akrecja | przyrost
sense_list:
(uncountable) (Gradual) increase by an external addition of matter; (countable) an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/accretion__Noun__1
written_rep: accretion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: akrecja
sense_list:
(astrophysics) The formation of planets, stars, and other celestial bodies by the aggregating of matter drawn together by gravity; also, the growth of a celestial body through this process. | (uncountable) The process of separate particles aggregating or coalescing together; concretion; (countable) a thing formed in this manner.


lexentry: eng/accretion_disk__Noun__1
written_rep: accretion disk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dysk akrecyjny
sense_list:
(astrophysics) A structure formed by matter falling into a gravitational source such as a galaxy, black hole, or protostar.


lexentry: eng/accrual__Noun__1
written_rep: accrual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atak
sense_list:
An increase; something that accumulates, especially an amount of money that periodically accumulates for a specific purpose


lexentry: eng/acculturation__Noun__1
written_rep: acculturation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akulturacja
sense_list:
A process by which the culture of an isolated society changes on contact with a different one. | A process by which a person acquires the culture of the society that they inhabit, starting at birth.


lexentry: eng/accumulate__Verb__1
written_rep: accumulate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akumulować | zakumulować
sense_list:
(transitive) To heap up in a mass; to pile up; to collect or bring together (either literally or figuratively), often gradually and without active intent.


lexentry: eng/accumulation__Noun__1
written_rep: accumulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: akumulacja
sense_list:
(accounting) The continuous growth of capital by retention of interest or savings. | (finance) The action of investors buying an asset from other investors when the price of the asset is low.


lexentry: eng/accumulation_point__Noun__1
written_rep: accumulation point
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: punkt skupienia
sense_list:
(topology, "of" a subset of a topological space) Given a subset S of a topological space X, a point x whose every neighborhood contains at least one point distinct from x that belongs to S. | (analysis, "of" a sequence) Given a sequence si, a point x whose every neighborhood contains at least one element of the sequence distinct from x. | (systems theory, dynamical systems, chaos theory) For certain maps, a point beyond which periodic orbits give way to chaotic ones.


lexentry: eng/accumulator__Noun__1
written_rep: accumulator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akumulator
sense_list:
(British) A wet-cell storage battery. | (programming) A register or variable used for holding the intermediate results of a computation or data transfer.


lexentry: eng/accusative__Adjective__1
written_rep: accusative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: biernikowy | biernik
sense_list:
(grammar) Applied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin, Lithuanian and Greek nouns) which expresses the immediate object on which the action or influence of a transitive verb has its limited influence. Other parts of speech, including secondary or predicate direct objects, will also influence a sentence’s construction. In German the case used for direct objects.


lexentry: eng/accuse__Verb__1
written_rep: accuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oskarżać | oskarżyć
sense_list:
(transitive) To find fault with, blame, censure. | (intransitive) To make an accusation against someone.


lexentry: eng/accustom__Verb__1
written_rep: accustom
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyzwyczaić | przyzwyczajać
sense_list:
(transitive, often, passive, or, reflexive, with to) To make familiar by use; to cause to accept; to habituate, familiarize, or inure.


lexentry: eng/accustomed__Adjective__1
written_rep: accustomed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nawykły
sense_list:
Familiar with something through repeated experience; adapted to existing conditions. (of a person) | Familiar through use; usual; customary. (of a thing, condition, activity, etc.)


lexentry: eng/ace__Noun__1
written_rep: ace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: as
sense_list:
(card games) A playing card showing a single pip, typically the highest or lowest ranking card in a game. | (tennis, volleyball) A serve won without the opponent hitting the ball. | (sometimes, _, attributive) An expert at something; a maverick, genius; a person of supreme talent. | A military aircraft pilot who is credited with shooting down many enemy aircraft, typically five or more.


lexentry: eng/acenaphthene__Noun__1
written_rep: acenaphthene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acenaften
sense_list:
(organic compound) A hydrocarbon, found in coal tar, derived from naphthalene by the addition of a short aliphatic bridge.


lexentry: eng/acephalous__Adjective__1
written_rep: acephalous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: akefaliczny
sense_list:
(prosody) Deficient in the beginning, as a line of poetry that is missing its expected opening syllable.


lexentry: eng/acetaldehyde__Noun__1
written_rep: acetaldehyde
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetaldehyd | aldehyd octowy
sense_list:
(organic compound) A colourless organic compound, CH3CHO, occurring widely in nature and being produced on a large scale in industry.


lexentry: eng/acetaminophen__Noun__1
written_rep: acetaminophen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paracetamol | acetaminofen | apap | tylenol
sense_list:
(North America) A white crystalline compound used in medicine as an anodyne to relieve pain and reduce fever.


lexentry: eng/acetanilide__Noun__1
written_rep: acetanilide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetanilid | antyfebryna
sense_list:
(organic chemistry, pharmaceutical drug) the amide derived from acetic acid and aniline; once used medicinally as an analgesic and antipyretic


lexentry: eng/acetarsol__Noun__1
written_rep: acetarsol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetarsol
sense_list:
(organic compound, medicine) The compound (3-acetamido-4-hydroxyphenyl)arsonic acid sometimes used as an antiinfective against the parasite protozoan Entamoeba histolytica


lexentry: eng/acetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: octowy
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or producing vinegar. | (organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to acetic acid or its derivatives.


lexentry: eng/acetic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: acetic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas octowy
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid, fatty acid) A clear colourless organic acid, CH3COOH, formed by the bacterial oxidation of ethanol through acetic fermentation; it is used as a solvent and has very many industrial applications; it is the major acidic component of vinegar.


lexentry: eng/acetoacetic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: acetoacetic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas acetylooctowy
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) The ketonic carboxylic acid CH3-CO-CH2-COOH, that is present in the urine of people suffering from starvation or some forms of diabetes.


lexentry: eng/acetoin__Noun__1
written_rep: acetoin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetoina | acetylometylokarbinol
sense_list:
(organic compound) The compound 3-hydroxybutanone CH3-CO-CH(OH)-CH3 that is one of the constituents of the flavour of butter


lexentry: eng/acetonemia__Noun__1
written_rep: acetonemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetonemia
sense_list:
(veterinary medicine) Presence of excessive levels of acetone in blood, sometimes occurring in cows during the first weeks after giving birth to a calf.


lexentry: eng/acetophenone__Noun__1
written_rep: acetophenone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetofenon | acetylobenzen | fenylometyloketon | metylofenyloketon
sense_list:
(organic compound) The aromatic ketone phenyl methyl ketone, used in the manufacture of very many organic compounds


lexentry: eng/acetylation__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylowanie | acetylacja
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) The reaction of a substance with acetic acid or one of its derivatives; the introduction of one or more acetyl groups into a substance.


lexentry: eng/acetylcholine__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylcholine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylocholina
sense_list:
(neurotransmitter) A neurotransmitter in humans and other animals. It is an ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3COOCH2CH2N+(CH3)3.


lexentry: eng/acetylcholinesterase__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylcholinesterase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylocholinoesteraza
sense_list:
(enzyme) An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid.


lexentry: eng/acetylcysteine__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylcysteine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylocysteina
sense_list:
(organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) An acetylated form of the amino acid cysteine (trademark Mucomyst), which is an antioxidant used as a mucolytic agent and in the treatment of paracetamol poisoning.


lexentry: eng/acetylene__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: acetylen
sense_list:
(organic compound, uncountable) Ethyne; the simplest alkyne, a hydrocarbon of formula HC≡CH. It is a colourless, odourless, extremely flammable, explosive gas, formerly used as an illuminating gas, but now used in welding and metallurgy.


lexentry: eng/acetylenic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acetylenic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylenowy
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to acetylene or its derivatives; having a carbon-to-carbon triple bond


lexentry: eng/acetylglucosamine__Noun__1
written_rep: acetylglucosamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetyloglikozamina
sense_list:
(biochemistry) An amide derivative of glucose that forms part of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls


lexentry: eng/acetylsalicylic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acetylsalicylic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acetylosalicylowy
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Describing any derivative of salicylic acid in which the phenolic hydroxyl has been acetylated.


lexentry: eng/ache__Verb__1
written_rep: ache
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: boleć
sense_list:
(intransitive, stative) To suffer pain; to be the source of, or be in, pain, especially continued dull pain; to be distressed.


lexentry: eng/acheiropoieton__Noun__1
written_rep: acheiropoieton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acheiropita
sense_list:
(chiefly, Eastern Orthodoxy) A religion icon (chiefly of Christ or the Virgin Mary) believed not to have been created by human hands; a miraculous image.


lexentry: eng/achieve__Verb__1
written_rep: achieve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: osiągnąć | osiągać
sense_list:
(transitive) To obtain, or gain (a desired result, objective etc.), as the result of exertion; to succeed in gaining; to win. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/achromatopsia__Noun__1
written_rep: achromatopsia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: achromatopsja | achromatyzm
sense_list:
Total color blindness; the total inability to distinguish colors due to the absence of cone cells in the eyes.


lexentry: eng/acid__Adjective__1
written_rep: acid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwaśny | kwas
sense_list:
Sour, sharp, or biting to the taste; tart; having the taste of vinegar. | Of or pertaining to an acid; acidic.


lexentry: eng/acid_jazz__Noun__1
written_rep: acid jazz
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acid jazz
sense_list:
(music genre, jazz) A genre of popular music combining jazz with elements of soul music, funk and disco.


lexentry: eng/acid_rain__Noun__1
written_rep: acid rain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwaśny deszcz
sense_list:
Rain which is unusually acidic (pH of less than the natural range of 5 to 6); caused mainly by atmospheric pollution with sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen compounds.


lexentry: eng/acidaemia__Noun__1
written_rep: acidaemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acydemia | acydoza | kwasica
sense_list:
(medicine) a medical condition marked by an abnormally high concentration of hydrogen ions in a person's blood


lexentry: eng/acidic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acidic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwasowy
sense_list:
(chemistry) Having a pH less than 7, or being sour, or having the strength to neutralize alkalis, or turning a litmus paper red.


lexentry: eng/acidimetry__Noun__1
written_rep: acidimetry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acydymetria
sense_list:
(chemistry) The measurement of the strength of acids, especially by a chemical process based on the law of chemical combinations, or the fact that, to produce a complete reaction, a certain definite weight of reagent is required.


lexentry: eng/acinus__Noun__1
written_rep: acinus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: płatek
sense_list:
(anatomy) One of the granular masses which constitute a racemose or compound gland, as the pancreas; also, one of the saccular recesses in the lobules of a racemose gland.


lexentry: eng/acknowledge__Verb__1
written_rep: acknowledge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyznawać | przyznać
sense_list:
(transitive) To admit the knowledge of; to recognize as a fact or truth; to declare one's belief in.


lexentry: eng/acknowledge__Verb__1
written_rep: acknowledge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: uznawać | uznać
sense_list:
(transitive) To own or recognize in a particular quality, character or relationship; to admit the claims or authority of; to give recognition to.


lexentry: eng/acknowledgment__Noun__1
written_rep: acknowledgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akceptacja
sense_list:
The act of recognizing in a particular character or relationship; recognition of existence, authority, truth, or genuineness. | A reward or other expression or token of gratitude. | (legal) The act of a person admitting a child as their own.


lexentry: eng/acknowledgment__Noun__1
written_rep: acknowledgment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: kwit
sense_list:
A message from the addressee informing the originator that the originator's communication has been received and understood. | (telecommunications, computing, networking) A response (ACK) sent by a receiver to indicate successful receipt of a transmission (See Wikipedia article on transmission).


lexentry: eng/acme__Noun__1
written_rep: acme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczyt
sense_list:
A high point: the highest point of any range, the most developed stage of any process, or the culmination of any field or historical period. [c. 1610] | A paragon: a person or thing representing such a high point. [c. 1610]


lexentry: eng/acolyte__Noun__1
written_rep: acolyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akolita | akolitka
sense_list:
(Christianity) One who has received the highest of the four minor orders in the Catholic Church, being ordained to carry the wine, water and lights at Mass. | An attendant, assistant, or follower.


lexentry: eng/aconite__Noun__1
written_rep: aconite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tojad | akonit
sense_list:
The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; any plant of the genus Aconitum, all the species of which are poisonous.


lexentry: eng/acorn__Noun__1
written_rep: acorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: żołądź
sense_list:
(nautical) A cone-shaped piece of wood on the point of the spindle above the vane, on the mast-head.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Adjective__1
written_rep: acoustic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akustyczny
sense_list:
Pertaining to the sense of hearing, the organs of hearing, or the science of sounds. | (music) Naturally producing or produced by an instrument without electrical amplification or the need thereof.


lexentry: eng/acoustic__Noun__1
written_rep: acoustic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akustyka
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) The properties or qualities of a room or building that determine how sound is transmitted in it.


lexentry: eng/acqua_alta__Noun__1
written_rep: acqua alta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acqua alta
sense_list:
A phenomenon that regularly occurs in the city of Venice, Italy, typically during high and spring tide, involving the flooding of the most low-lying areas of Venice.


lexentry: eng/acquaintance__Noun__1
written_rep: acquaintance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znajomość
sense_list:
(uncountable) A state of being acquainted with a person; originally indicating friendship, intimacy, but now suggesting a slight knowledge less deep than that of friendship; acquaintanceship. [from 12th c.]


lexentry: eng/acquiesce__Verb__1
written_rep: acquiesce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyzwalać
sense_list:
(intransitive, with in or to (or sometimes with)) To rest satisfied, or apparently satisfied, or to rest without opposition and discontent (usually implying previous opposition or discontent); to accept or consent by silence or by omitting to object.


lexentry: eng/acquiesce__Verb__1
written_rep: acquiesce
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: godzić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To concur upon conviction; to accept tacitly; to assent to; usually, to concur, not heartily but so far as to forbear opposition.


lexentry: eng/acquiescence__Noun__1
written_rep: acquiescence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: potulność | przyzwolenie
sense_list:
A silent or passive assent or submission, or a submission with apparent consent, distinguished from avowed consent on the one hand, and on the other, from opposition or open discontent; quiet satisfaction.


lexentry: eng/acquired_immune_deficiency_syndrome__Noun__1
written_rep: acquired immune deficiency syndrome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zespół nabytego niedoboru odporności | zespół nabytego upośledzenia odporności
sense_list:
(disease) An infectious disease, caused by HIV, that causes the gradual degeneration of the body's immune system.


lexentry: eng/acquired_taste__Noun__1
written_rep: acquired taste
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: specyficzny
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something that is appreciated only after having initially been regarded as unappealing or unpleasant; a person who is regarded as difficult or dislikable but of whom at least some have grown to approve.


lexentry: eng/acquittal__Noun__1
written_rep: acquittal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: uniewinnienie
sense_list:
(legal) A legal decision that someone is not guilty with which they have been charged, or the formal dismissal of a charge by some other legal process. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/acquittal__Noun__1
written_rep: acquittal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: umorzenie
sense_list:
(historical) The act of releasing someone from debt or other obligation; acquittance. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/acridine__Noun__1
written_rep: acridine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrydyna
sense_list:
(uncountable, organic compound) A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle, dibenzopyridine, obtained from coal tar; it is used in the manufacture of dyes and drugs


lexentry: eng/acrimonious__Adjective__1
written_rep: acrimonious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kłótliwy | ostry
sense_list:
(figuratively) Angry, acid, and sharp in delivering argumentative replies: bitter, mean-spirited, sharp in language or tone. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/acritarch__Noun__1
written_rep: acritarch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acritarcha
sense_list:
(paleontology, palynology) Any small, non-acid-soluble (i.e. non-carbonate, non-siliceous) organic fossil that cannot be classified.


lexentry: eng/acrobat__Noun__1
written_rep: acrobat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrobata | akrobatka
sense_list:
An athlete who performs acts requiring skill, agility and coordination, often as part of a circus performance.


lexentry: eng/acrocyanosis__Noun__1
written_rep: acrocyanosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrocyjanoza
sense_list:
(pathology) A persistent blue or cyanotic discoloration of the digits, most commonly occurring in the hands although also occurring in the face and feet as well.


lexentry: eng/acrolein__Noun__1
written_rep: acrolein
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akroleina
sense_list:
(organic compound) A pungent, acrid, poisonous liquid aldehyde, CH2=CH-CH=O, made by the destructive distillation of glycerol.


lexentry: eng/acromegaly__Noun__1
written_rep: acromegaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akromegalia
sense_list:
(disease) A chronic disease marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw that is caused by over-activity of the pituitary gland.


lexentry: eng/acropolis__Noun__1
written_rep: acropolis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akropol
sense_list:
A promontory (usually fortified with a citadel) forming the hub of many Grecian cities, and around which many were built for defensive purposes before and during the classical period; compare Acropolis.


lexentry: eng/across__Preposition__1
written_rep: across
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: naprzeciwko | przez | po drugiej stronie | poprzez
sense_list:
(Southern US, AAVE) across from: on the opposite side, relative to something that lies between, from (a point of interest).


lexentry: eng/acrostic__Noun__1
written_rep: acrostic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrostych
sense_list:
A poem or other text in which certain letters, often the first in each line, spell out a name or message. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/acroterium__Noun__1
written_rep: acroterium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akroterion | akroterium | naszczytnik
sense_list:
(architecture) One of the small pedestals, for statues or other ornaments, placed on the apex and at the basal angles of a pediment, or upon the gables in Gothic architecture.


lexentry: eng/acrow_prop__Noun__1
written_rep: acrow prop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stempel
sense_list:
An adjustable-height steel support used in the construction industry, typically to temporarily support structures while work is carried out.


lexentry: eng/acrylamide__Noun__1
written_rep: acrylamide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrylamid
sense_list:
(organic compound) The amide of acrylic acid, CH2=CH.CONH2; used in the manufacture of polyacrylamides.


lexentry: eng/acrylonitrile__Noun__1
written_rep: acrylonitrile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akrylonitryl
sense_list:
(organic compound) A toxic colourless liquid organic compound, CH2=CH.CN, synthesized from propylene and ammonia; used as a monomer in the production of acrylic resins and synthetic rubber.


lexentry: eng/act__Noun__1
written_rep: act
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: akt
sense_list:
(countable) A formal or official record of something done. | (countable, drama) A division of a theatrical performance.


lexentry: eng/act__Verb__1
written_rep: act
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: postąpić | postępować | zachować się | zachowywać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To behave in a certain manner for an indefinite length of time. | (intransitive, law) To carry out work as a legal representative in relation to a particular legal matter.


lexentry: eng/act__Verb__1
written_rep: act
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 12
trans_list: grać | postąpić | postępować | zachować się | zachowywać
sense_list:
(intransitive, mathematics, construed with on or upon, of an algebraic structure) To possess an action onto (some other structure). Examples include the group action of a group on a set, the action of a ring on a module by scalar multiplication, and the action of a group or algebra on a vector space via a representation.


lexentry: eng/act_of_parliament__Noun__1
written_rep: act of parliament
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawo
sense_list:
A law which has received assent (royal, presidential or gubernatorial) after having been passed by the houses (or house) of a parliament.


lexentry: eng/actin__Noun__1
written_rep: actin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktyna
sense_list:
(protein, uncountable) A globular structural protein that polymerizes in a helical fashion to form an actin filament (or microfilament).


lexentry: eng/acting__Adjective__1
written_rep: acting
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: p.o. | pełniąca obowiązki | pełniący obowiązki
sense_list:
Temporarily assuming the duties or authority of another person when they are unable to do their job.


lexentry: eng/actinic__Adjective__1
written_rep: actinic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: aktyniczny
sense_list:
(chemistry, photography) Of or relating to actinism, the range of photochemical effects produced by exposure to electromagnetic radiation, particularly sunlight.


lexentry: eng/actinide__Noun__1
written_rep: actinide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynowiec
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any of the 15 radioactive elements of the periodic table from actinium to lawrencium that are positioned under the lanthanides, to which they have similar chemistry.


lexentry: eng/actinism__Noun__1
written_rep: actinism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktyniczność
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) That property of electromagnetic radiation that leads to the production of photochemical effects


lexentry: eng/actinium__Noun__1
written_rep: actinium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktyn
sense_list:
A radioactive, metallic chemical element (symbol: Ac) with an atomic number of 89; found in uranium ores.


lexentry: eng/actinolite__Noun__1
written_rep: actinolite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynolit
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral with monoclinic crystals of the chemical formula Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2, belonging to the amphibole group.


lexentry: eng/actinometer__Noun__1
written_rep: actinometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynometr
sense_list:
(physics) A device used to measure the heating power of electromagnetic radiation, especially that of solar radiation.


lexentry: eng/actinometry__Noun__1
written_rep: actinometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynometria
sense_list:
the measurement of the heating power of electromagnetic radiation, especially that of solar radiation


lexentry: eng/actinomycin__Noun__1
written_rep: actinomycin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynomycyna
sense_list:
(protein, pharmaceutical drug) Any of a class of toxic polypeptide antibiotics found in soil bacteria of genus Streptomyces.


lexentry: eng/actinomycosis__Noun__1
written_rep: actinomycosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aktynomikoza | promienica
sense_list:
(pathology) An infectious bacterial disease of cattle and swine, sometimes transmitted to humans, characterized by the formation of painful abscesses in the mouth, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract, caused by Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae, and Propionibacterium propionicum.


lexentry: eng/action__Noun__1
written_rep: action
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: akcja | czynność | działanie | czyn
sense_list:
Something done, often so as to accomplish a purpose. | (mathematics) A way in which each element of some algebraic structure transforms some other structure or set, in a way which respects the structure of the first. Formally, this may be seen as a morphism from the first structure into some structure of endomorphisms of the second; for example, a group action of a group G on a set S can be seen as a group homomorphism from G into the set of bijections on S (which form a group under function composition), while a module M over a ring R can be defined as an abelian group together with a ring homomorphism from R into the ring of group endomorphisms of M (which is also called the action of R on M).


lexentry: eng/action_movie__Noun__1
written_rep: action movie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: film akcji
sense_list:
A motion picture whose storyline involves fast-paced activity and conflict, usually including such elements as a heroic protagonist, violent fights, acrobatic stunts, chase scenes, and gunplay.


lexentry: eng/actions_speak_louder_than_words__Proverb__1
written_rep: actions speak louder than words
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czyny mówią głośniej niż słowa
sense_list:
It is more effective to act directly than to speak of action. | An individual's actions indicate their true sentiments more reliably than their claims do.


lexentry: eng/activate__Verb__1
written_rep: activate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aktywować | uaktywniać | uaktywnić
sense_list:
(transitive) To put a device, mechanism (alarm etc.) or system into action or motion; to trigger, to actuate, to set off, to enable.


lexentry: eng/activated_carbon__Noun__1
written_rep: activated carbon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: węgiel aktywowany
sense_list:
A very absorbent form of finely powdered carbon; used in purifying gases, and as an antidote for many poisons.


lexentry: eng/activation_function__Noun__1
written_rep: activation function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: funkcja aktywacji
sense_list:
(computer science) A function that defines the output of a particular node in an artificial neural network on the basis of its inputs.


