# translation

lexentry: eng/airport__Noun__1
written_rep: airport
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lotnisko | port lotniczy | aerodrom | aeroport
sense_list:
An airfield (an area designated for the takeoff and landing of aircraft), including one or more runways and (for commercial airports) one or more passenger terminals.


lexentry: eng/airspace__Noun__1
written_rep: airspace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przestrzeń powietrzna
sense_list:
(politics, aviation) A specified portion of the atmosphere, especially that under the technical aviation control and/or jurisdiction of a particular state over which territory (and territorial waters) it lies.


lexentry: eng/ajvar__Noun__1
written_rep: ajvar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ajwar
sense_list:
A relish made principally out of red bell peppers, sometimes with eggplant, garlic and chili pepper, predominantly popular in the Western Balkans.


lexentry: eng/ajwain__Noun__1
written_rep: ajwain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ajowan | chropawiec wonny
sense_list:
A plant in the family Apiaceae (Trachyspermum ammi), and its seed-like fruit, which is used (especially in South Asian cooking) for its thyme-like flavor.


lexentry: eng/akanye__Noun__1
written_rep: akanye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akanie
sense_list:
(phonology) A case of vowel reduction in Slavic languages; the merger of pretonic non-high vowel phonemes (/o/, /e/ and /a/).


lexentry: eng/akin__Adjective__1
written_rep: akin
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pokrewny | spokrewniony | zbliżony
sense_list:
(often, followed by to) Allied by nature; similar; partaking of the same properties; of the same kind.


lexentry: eng/alalia__Noun__1
written_rep: alalia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alalia
sense_list:
(medicine, obsolete) The loss of the ability to speak, especially due to paralysis of the vocal cords. | (medicine) Speech delay, a delay in the development or use of the mechanisms that produce speech.


lexentry: eng/alanine__Noun__1
written_rep: alanine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alanina
sense_list:
(amino acid, uncountable) A nonessential amino acid 2-aminopropanoic acid found in most animal proteins


lexentry: eng/alarm__Noun__1
written_rep: alarm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alarm
sense_list:
A summons to arms, as on the approach of an enemy. | Any sound or information intended to give notice of approaching danger; a warning sound to arouse attention; a warning of danger. | Sudden surprise with fear or terror excited by apprehension of danger; in the military use, commonly, sudden apprehension of being attacked by surprise. | An instance of an alarm ringing, beeping or clanging, to give a noise signal at a certain time.


lexentry: eng/alarm__Verb__1
written_rep: alarm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: alarmować | zaalarmować
sense_list:
(transitive) To give (someone) notice of approaching danger or necessary action; to rouse to vigilance; to put on the alert. | (transitive, of a device) To produce a warning of approaching danger or necessary action; to emit a signal intended to rouse a recipient to vigilance or put them on the alert.


lexentry: eng/alb__Noun__1
written_rep: alb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alba
sense_list:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, Anglicanism, Roman Catholicism) A long, white robe worn by priests and other ministers, underneath most of the other vestments.


lexentry: eng/albatross__Noun__1
written_rep: albatross
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albatros
sense_list:
Any of various large seabirds of the family Diomedeidae ranging widely in the Southern Ocean and the North Pacific and having a hooked beak and long narrow wings. | (golf) A double eagle, or three under par on any one hole, except a par 3 hole.


lexentry: eng/albatross_around_one's_neck__Noun__1
written_rep: albatross around one's neck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kamień u szyi
sense_list:
(idiomatic, figurative) A characteristic, possession, associate, or previous deed that hinders one's ability to succeed.


lexentry: eng/albedo__Noun__1
written_rep: albedo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albedo
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology, astronomy, optics) The fraction of incident light or radiation reflected by a surface or body, commonly expressed as a percentage. | (botany) The whitish inner portion of the rind of citrus fruits that is a source of pectin, commonly referred to as the pith.


lexentry: eng/albinism__Noun__1
written_rep: albinism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albinizm | bielactwo
sense_list:
Congenital lack of melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); the condition of being albino.


lexentry: eng/albino__Adjective__1
written_rep: albino
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albinotyczny | bielaczy
sense_list:
Congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); born with albinism.


lexentry: eng/albino__Noun__1
written_rep: albino
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albinos | albinoska
sense_list:
(countable) A person or animal congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); one born with albinism.


lexentry: eng/album__Noun__1
written_rep: album
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: album
sense_list:
A book specially designed to keep photographs, stamps, or autographs. | A phonograph record that is composed of several tracks | A jacket or cover for such a phonograph record. | A group of audio recordings, on any medium, intended for distribution as a group.


lexentry: eng/albumin__Noun__1
written_rep: albumin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: albumina
sense_list:
(protein) Any of a class of monomeric proteins that are soluble in water, and are coagulated by heat; they occur in egg white, milk etc; they function as carrier protein for steroids, fatty acids, and thyroid hormones and play a role in stabilizing extracellular fluid volume.


lexentry: eng/alchemy__Noun__1
written_rep: alchemy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alchemia | alchimia
sense_list:
(uncountable) The premodern and early modern study of physical changes, particularly in Europe, Arabia, and China; and chiefly in pursuit of an elixir of immortality, a universal panacea, and/or a philosopher's stone able to transmute base metals into gold, eventually developing into chemistry.


lexentry: eng/alcid__Noun__1
written_rep: alcid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alka
sense_list:
(ornithology) A bird of the family Alcidae, including auks, auklets, razorbills, dovekies, guillemots, and puffins.


lexentry: eng/alcohol__Noun__1
written_rep: alcohol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkohol
sense_list:
(organic compound, countable) Any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).


lexentry: eng/alcoholate__Noun__1
written_rep: alcoholate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkoholan
sense_list:
(obsolete, organic chemistry) A crystalline salt containing alcohol in place of water of crystallization.


lexentry: eng/alcoholism__Noun__1
written_rep: alcoholism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkoholizm | pijaństwo
sense_list:
A chronic disease caused by compulsive and uncontrollable consumption of alcoholic beverages, leading to addiction and deterioration in health and social functioning.


lexentry: eng/alcoholize__Verb__1
written_rep: alcoholize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkoholizować
sense_list:
To convert into alcohol by fermentation, or to increase the concentration of alcohol by rectification | To infuse or saturate with an alcoholic spirit | To subject to the influence of alcohol


lexentry: eng/alcohology__Noun__1
written_rep: alcohology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkohologia
sense_list:
(sociology) The study of the effects of alcohol; on living organisms, people or social environments.


lexentry: eng/aldehyde__Noun__1
written_rep: aldehyde
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aldehyd
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any of a large class of reactive organic compounds (R·CHO) having a carbonyl functional group attached to one hydrocarbon radical and a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/alder_buckthorn__Noun__1
written_rep: alder buckthorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kruszyna pospolita
sense_list:
A deciduous shrub, Frangula alnus, native to Europe and neighboring areas of Asia and Africa, bearing glossy leaves, flowers in sessile umbels, and inedible red berries that turn black when ripe, and historically used as a laxative and to produce dyes.


lexentry: eng/aldolase__Noun__1
written_rep: aldolase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aldolazy
sense_list:
(enzyme) An enzyme, present in some tissue, that catalyses the conversion of phosphates of fructose to those of glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone


lexentry: eng/aldose__Noun__1
written_rep: aldose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aldoza
sense_list:
(organic chemistry, carbohydrate) Any of a class of monosaccharides having an aldehyde or hemiacetal functional group.


lexentry: eng/aldosterone__Noun__1
written_rep: aldosterone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aldosteron
sense_list:
(steroid hormone) A mineralocorticoid hormone, secreted by the adrenal cortex, that regulates the balance of sodium and potassium in the body.


lexentry: eng/alembic__Noun__1
written_rep: alembic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alembik
sense_list:
An early chemical apparatus, consisting of two retorts connected by a tube, used to purify substances by distillation.


lexentry: eng/aleph-null__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: aleph-null
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alef zero
sense_list:
(set theory) The first of the transfinite cardinal numbers; corresponds to the number of natural numbers.


lexentry: eng/aleph__Noun__1
written_rep: aleph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alef
sense_list:
The first letter of the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, and its descendants in descended Semitic scripts, such as Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ, ʾaleph), Aramaic 𐡀 (ʾ), Classical Syriac ܐ ('ālaph), Hebrew א (aleph) and Arabic ا (ʾalif).


lexentry: eng/alexandrine__Noun__1
written_rep: alexandrine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aleksandryn
sense_list:
(poetry) A line of poetic meter having twelve syllables, usually divided into two or three equal parts.


lexentry: eng/alexandrite__Noun__1
written_rep: alexandrite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aleksandryt
sense_list:
(mineral) A form of chrysoberyl that displays a colour change dependent upon the light source, along with strong pleochroism.


lexentry: eng/alexia__Noun__1
written_rep: alexia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aleksja
sense_list:
(medicine, neurology) The inability, due to a cerebral disorder, to comprehend or understand writing.


lexentry: eng/alexin__Noun__1
written_rep: alexin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aleksyna | dopełniacz
sense_list:
(biochemistry, dated) A protective substance that exists in the serum or other bodily fluid and is capable of killing microorganisms; complement.


lexentry: eng/alga__Noun__1
written_rep: alga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alga | glon
sense_list:
(biology) Any of many aquatic photosynthetic organisms, including the seaweeds, whose size ranges from a single cell to giant kelps and whose biochemistry and forms are very diverse, some being eukaryotic.


lexentry: eng/algebra__Noun__1
written_rep: algebra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algebra
sense_list:
(uncountable, mathematics) Elementary algebra: A system for representing and manipulating unknown quantities (variables) in equations. | (countable, mathematics, algebra) Any of several objects of study in Algebra | (uncountable, medicine, historical, rare) The surgical treatment of a dislocated or fractured bone. Also (countable) : a dislocation or fracture.


lexentry: eng/algebraic__Adjective__1
written_rep: algebraic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algebraiczny
sense_list:
Of, or relating to, algebra. | (mathematics, of an expression, equation, or function) Containing only numbers, letters, and arithmetic operators. | (algebra, number theory, of a number) Which is a root of some polynomial whose coefficients are rational. | (chess, of notation) Describing squares by file (referred to in intrinsic order rather than by the piece starting on that file) and rank, both with reference to a fixed point rather than a player-dependent perspective.


lexentry: eng/algebraic_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: algebraic geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: geometria algebraiczna
sense_list:
(mathematics) A branch of mathematics that studies algebraic varieties (solution sets of polynomial equations) and their generalisations, using techniques from both algebra (chiefly commutative algebra) and geometry.


lexentry: eng/algebraic_structure__Noun__1
written_rep: algebraic structure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: struktura algebraiczna
sense_list:
(more formally) A mathematical object comprising a carrier set (aka underlying set or domain), an optional scalar set, a set of operations (typically binary operations, but otherwise each of finite arity) and a set of identities (axioms) which the operations must satisfy.


lexentry: eng/algebraical__Adjective__1
written_rep: algebraical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algebraiczny
sense_list:
Pertaining to algebra or its laws. | (mathematics) Requiring a finite number of algebraic operations; the opposite of transcendental.


lexentry: eng/algid__Adjective__1
written_rep: algid
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chłodny
sense_list:
(medicine) Cold, chilly; used of low body temperature, especially in connection with certain diseases such as malaria and cholera.


lexentry: eng/algin__Noun__1
written_rep: algin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algina
sense_list:
Any of various gelatinous gums, derivatives of alginic acid, derived from marine brown algae and used especially as emulsifiers or thickeners.


lexentry: eng/alginic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: alginic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas alginowy
sense_list:
(biochemistry) An insoluble colloidal acid (C6H8O6)n that in the form of its salts is a constituent of the cell walls of brown algae and is used as a food additive.


lexentry: eng/algolagnia__Noun__1
written_rep: algolagnia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algolagnia
sense_list:
A physical condition that causes a person to gain sexual pleasure by suffering pain, particularly to erogenous zones.


lexentry: eng/algorithm__Noun__1
written_rep: algorithm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: algorytm
sense_list:
(countable) A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem. A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input value and yields an output value in a finite number of steps. | (loosely) A flowchart illustrating a decision-making process for human users, especially health care professionals.


lexentry: eng/alias__Adverb__1
written_rep: alias
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alias
sense_list:
Otherwise; at another time; in other circumstances; otherwise called; also known as; formerly known as. | (legal) Used to connect the different names of a person who has gone by two or more, and whose true name is for any cause doubtful


lexentry: eng/aliasing__Noun__1
written_rep: aliasing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krenelaż
sense_list:
(signal processing, graphics, sound recording) Distortion caused by a low sampling rate, such as a moiré effect or jaggies.


lexentry: eng/alibi__Noun__1
written_rep: alibi
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alibi
sense_list:
(legal) The plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed. | (sometimes, proscribed) An excuse, especially one used to avoid responsibility or blame.


lexentry: eng/alicyclic__Adjective__1
written_rep: alicyclic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alicykliczny
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Of a class of organic compounds having both aliphatic (chain) and cyclic (ring) structure


lexentry: eng/alien__Adjective__1
written_rep: alien
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cudzoziemski
sense_list:
Not belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to the citizens or subjects thereof; foreign.


lexentry: eng/alien__Noun__1
written_rep: alien
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obcy
sense_list:
A person, animal, plant, or other thing which is from outside the family, group, organization, or territory under consideration.


lexentry: eng/alienate__Verb__1
written_rep: alienate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alienować
sense_list:
To convey or transfer to another, as title, property, or right; to part voluntarily with ownership of.


lexentry: eng/alienation__Noun__1
written_rep: alienation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: alienacja | wyobcowanie
sense_list:
The state of being alienated. | (Marxism) The estrangement of people from aspects of their human nature as a consequence of the division of labour and living in a society of stratified social classes.


lexentry: eng/align__Verb__1
written_rep: align
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: wpłacać
sense_list:
(intransitive, reflexive) To identify (oneself) with, match, or support the behaviour, thoughts, etc. of another person, organization, or country. | (transitive, computing) To store (data) in a way that is consistent with the memory architecture, i.e. by beginning each item at an offset equal to some multiple of the word size.


lexentry: eng/alignment__Noun__1
written_rep: alignment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nastawienie
sense_list:
The process of adjusting a mechanism such that its parts are aligned; the condition of having its parts so adjusted.


lexentry: eng/alimony__Noun__1
written_rep: alimony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alimenty
sense_list:
(legal, sometimes, pejorative) A court-mandated allowance made to a former spouse by a divorced or legally separated person.


lexentry: eng/aliphatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aliphatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alifatyczny
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Of a class of organic compounds in which the carbon atoms are arranged in an open chain.


lexentry: eng/aliquant__Noun__1
written_rep: aliquant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podwielokrotność
sense_list:
(mathematics, dated) An integer that is less than another, but that does not divide the other integer into integral parts.


lexentry: eng/aliquot__Noun__1
written_rep: aliquot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: próbka
sense_list:
(chemistry, biotechnology, broadly) A portion of a total amount (of some substance or a sample/specimen thereof, usually a solution or suspension).


lexentry: eng/alive_and_kicking__Adjective__1
written_rep: alive and kicking
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: o dobrym zdrowiu
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Healthy; vital; in good health, particularly in opposition to unfavorable circumstances.


lexentry: eng/alizarin__Noun__1
written_rep: alizarin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alizaryna
sense_list:
(organic compound) A red substance, 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone, extracted from madder root and used as a dye.


lexentry: eng/alkali__Noun__1
written_rep: alkali
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkalia
sense_list:
(chemistry) One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, soda ash, caustic soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing characteristics are dissolving in alcohol and water, uniting with oils and fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to brown several vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue.


lexentry: eng/alkali_metal__Noun__1
written_rep: alkali metal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: litowiec
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) Any of the soft, light, reactive metals of Group 1 of the periodic table; lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.


lexentry: eng/alkaline_earth_metal__Noun__1
written_rep: alkaline earth metal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: berylowiec | metal ziem alkalicznych | wapniowiec
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry) Any of the elements of group II of the periodic table; they are low-density metals that react readily with water to form strongly basic hydroxides, and with many acids to form salts.


lexentry: eng/alkaliphile__Noun__1
written_rep: alkaliphile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkalifil
sense_list:
Any organism that lives and thrives in an alkaline environment, such as a soda lake; a form of extremophile.


lexentry: eng/alkaloid__Noun__1
written_rep: alkaloid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkaloid | alkaloidy
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of many organic (often heterocyclic) bases that occur in nature and often have medicinal properties.


lexentry: eng/alkene__Noun__1
written_rep: alkene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alken
sense_list:
(organic compound) An unsaturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more carbon–carbon double bonds.


lexentry: eng/alkoxide__Noun__1
written_rep: alkoxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkoholan
sense_list:
(organic compound) Any organic compound derived from an alcohol by replacement of a hydrogen atom with a metal or other cationic species


lexentry: eng/alkyl__Noun__1
written_rep: alkyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkil
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of a series of univalent radicals of the general formula CnH2n+1 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons. In other words, an alkane minus one hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/alkylate__Verb__1
written_rep: alkylate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkilować
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) To add one or more alkyl groups to a compound, especially by reacting with an alkylating agent


lexentry: eng/alkylation__Noun__1
written_rep: alkylation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alkilacja
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any reaction in which an alkyl group is added to a molecule; used in the production of high-octane petroleum fuels.


lexentry: eng/all-points_bulletin__Noun__1
written_rep: all-points bulletin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: list gończy
sense_list:
(law enforcement) A broadcast issued from one law enforcement agency to another, typically containing information about a wanted suspect or a person of interest.


lexentry: eng/all-you-can-eat__Adjective__1
written_rep: all-you-can-eat
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rodzaj bufetu
sense_list:
(literally) Offering unlimited food to a diner at a restaurant for a fixed price for as long as the diner continues to eat.


lexentry: eng/all__Determiner__1
written_rep: all
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wszystek | wszystko
sense_list:
Every individual or anything of the given class, with no exceptions (the noun or noun phrase denoting the class must be plural or uncountable).


lexentry: eng/all_cats_are_grey_in_the_dark__Proverb__1
written_rep: all cats are grey in the dark
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w nocy wszystkie koty są czarne
sense_list:
(UK, sometimes, _, vulgar, _, &, _) Sex is enjoyable regardless of the physical attractiveness or social station of one's partner. | (uncommon) Under some circumstances, individual distinctions are not relevant.


lexentry: eng/all_hail__Interjection__1
written_rep: all hail
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niech żyje
sense_list:
Used as a friendly or respectful salutation to acclaim, greet, or welcome someone: (I wish you) all health or good fortune! | Chiefly followed by to (someone or something): used as a salutation to indicate that someone or something is respected or welcome.


lexentry: eng/all_hands_on_deck__Interjection__1
written_rep: all hands on deck
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wszystkie ręce na pokład
sense_list:
(nautical) An order, on board ship, for all seamen of all watches to muster on deck immediately; normally shortened to "All hands"


lexentry: eng/all_rights_reserved__Phrase__1
written_rep: all rights reserved
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wszelkie prawa zastrzeżone
sense_list:
(idiomatic, legal) The copyright holder of a creative work reserves all copyright-related rights, typically including the right to publish the work, to make derivative works of it, to distribute it, to make profit from it, to license a number of these rights to other people, and to forbid these uses by any unauthorized people, thus being entitled to take legal action against infringement.


lexentry: eng/all_talk_and_no_action__Noun__1
written_rep: all talk and no action
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krowa, która dużo ryczy, mało mleka daje | pozornie groźny
sense_list:
(informal) Speaking, promising, or boasting much, but doing little; overpromising, but underdelivering.


lexentry: eng/all_that_glitters_is_not_gold__Proverb__1
written_rep: all that glitters is not gold
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nie wszystko złoto, co się świeci
sense_list:
Things that appear valuable or worthwhile might not actually be so; things that appear nice might not be as good as they appear.


lexentry: eng/all_the_more__Adverb__1
written_rep: all the more
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tym bardziej
sense_list:
Even more; notably, but even more notably due to additional information, either preceding or following the statement.


lexentry: eng/all_the_tea_in_China__Noun__1
written_rep: all the tea in China
part_of_speech: noun
sense_list: (idiomatic, hyperbole) Something very valuable or priceless.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
za Chiny | za Chiny ludowe | za chińskiego boga | za nic na świecie | za skarby świata | za żadne pieniądze


lexentry: eng/allantois__Noun__1
written_rep: allantois
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: omocznia
sense_list:
(anatomy) A sac, having a number of functions, that develops in the alimentary canal of the embryos of mammals, birds and reptiles.


lexentry: eng/allative_case__Noun__1
written_rep: allative case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allatyw
sense_list:
(grammatical case) A case used to indicate movement onto, or to the adjacency of something. In English, this is usually expressed by the prepositions to or onto, as in "to the house," "onto the house." Languages that use the allative case include Basque, Dyirbal, Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, and Lithuanian.


lexentry: eng/allege__Verb__1
written_rep: allege
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: argumentować
sense_list:
(transitive) To adduce (something) as a reason, excuse, support etc. | (transitive) To make a claim as justification or proof; to make an assertion without proof.


lexentry: eng/allegorize__Verb__1
written_rep: allegorize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alegoryzować
sense_list:
To create an allegory from (a character, an event or situation, etc.); also, to use one or more symbols to depict (a hidden, broader message about real-world issues and occurrences).


lexentry: eng/allegory__Noun__1
written_rep: allegory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alegoria
sense_list:
(uncountable, rhetoric) The use of symbols which may be interpreted to reveal a hidden, broader message, usually a moral or political one, about real-world issues and occurrences; also, the interpretation of such symbols. | A picture, story, or other form of communication in which one or more characters, events, or places are used to reveal a hidden, broader message about real-world issues and occurrences.


lexentry: eng/allegro__Noun__1
written_rep: allegro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allegro
sense_list:
(music) A tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played in a quick, lively tempo, faster than allegretto but slower than presto.


lexentry: eng/allele__Noun__1
written_rep: allele
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allel | allelomorf
sense_list:
(genetics) One of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given position, or locus, on a chromosome.


lexentry: eng/allergy__Noun__1
written_rep: allergy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alergia | uczulenie
sense_list:
(medicine, immunology, broadly) A disorder of the immune system causing adverse reactions to substances (allergens) not harmful to most and marked by the body's production of histamines and associated with atopy, anaphylaxis, and asthma; any condition of hypersensitivity to a substance. | (medicine, immunology, strictly) Specifically, hypersensitivity of class I in the modern classification thereof: the immunoglobulin E–mediated type.


lexentry: eng/alley__Noun__1
written_rep: alley
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uliczka | aleja | alejka
sense_list:
A narrow street or passageway, especially one through the middle of a block giving access to the rear of lots of buildings.


lexentry: eng/alliance__Noun__1
written_rep: alliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: alians | przymierze | sojusz
sense_list:
(countable) A union or connection of interests between families, states, parties, etc., especially between families by marriage and states by compact, treaty, or league.


lexentry: eng/alliance__Noun__1
written_rep: alliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: alians | sojusz
sense_list:
(countable) Any union resembling that of families or states; union by relationship in qualities; affinity.


lexentry: eng/allicin__Noun__1
written_rep: allicin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allicyna
sense_list:
(organic compound) An organic compound, diallyl thiosulfinate, obtained from garlic, with a variety of medicinal and antibacterial properties.


lexentry: eng/allied_health__Noun__1
written_rep: allied health
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pramedyczny
sense_list:
The range of health care services outside the scope of the medicine, dentistry and nursing professions, e.g. music therapy, physiotherapy, optometry, etc.


lexentry: eng/alligator__Noun__1
written_rep: alligator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aligator
sense_list:
Either of two species of large amphibious reptile, Alligator mississippiensis or Alligator sinensis, in the genus Alligator within order Crocodilia, which have sharp teeth and very strong jaws and are native to the Americas and China, respectively.


lexentry: eng/alligator_clip__Noun__1
written_rep: alligator clip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krokodylek
sense_list:
(electronics) A spring-loaded metal clip, usually attached to a wire and used to create a temporary electrical connection.


lexentry: eng/alligator_gar__Noun__1
written_rep: alligator gar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niszczuka krokodyla
sense_list:
A species of gar native to the US, Atractosteus spatula, known for its extremely large size (in excess of 200 lbs).


lexentry: eng/allision__Noun__1
written_rep: allision
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alizja
sense_list:
(nautical) The striking of a vessel against a fixed object; the act of alliding or an instance thereof.


lexentry: eng/alliteration__Noun__1
written_rep: alliteration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aliteracja
sense_list:
The repetition of consonant sounds or letters at the beginning of two or more words immediately succeeding each other, or at short intervals; such repetition specifically involving stressed syllables.


lexentry: eng/allocortex__Noun__1
written_rep: allocortex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kora mózgowa heterotypowa
sense_list:
(anatomy) The heterogenetic cortex; part of the cerebral cortex characterized by fewer cell layers than the neocortex (i.e. fewer than six)


lexentry: eng/allodial__Adjective__1
written_rep: allodial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alodialny
sense_list:
(usually, historical) Pertaining to land owned by someone absolutely, without any feudal obligations; held without acknowledgement of any superior; allodial title. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/allodium__Noun__1
written_rep: allodium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alodium
sense_list:
(dated, or, historical) Freehold land or property; land held in allodial tenure, or one's title to such land.


lexentry: eng/allogamy__Noun__1
written_rep: allogamy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alogamia | obcopylność
sense_list:
(biology) The fertilization of an ovum from one individual with the spermatozoa of another; cross-fertilization


lexentry: eng/allonge__Noun__1
written_rep: allonge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alonż | przedłużek | przedłużka
sense_list:
(legal, banking) A slip of paper attached to a negotiable instrument to hold endorsements should the document itself be unable to hold any more.


lexentry: eng/allosteric__Adjective__1
written_rep: allosteric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: allosteryczny
sense_list:
(biochemistry, of an enzyme) That binds a compound on an inactive site and thus changes macromolecular conformation or dynamics in order to become either active or inactive


lexentry: eng/allotrope__Noun__1
written_rep: allotrope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alotrop
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any form of an element that has a distinctly different molecular structure to another form of the same element, with different physical properties and often different chemical properties. [from 1847]


lexentry: eng/allotropy__Noun__1
written_rep: allotropy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alotropia
sense_list:
(chemistry) A property, exhibited by some elements, of existing in multiple forms with different atomic structures.


lexentry: eng/allow__Verb__1
written_rep: allow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: wziąć pod uwagę
sense_list:
(transitive) To grant (something) as a deduction or an addition; especially to abate or deduct. | (transitive) To make an allowance, to take into account when making plans.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
written_rep: allowance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pozwolenie
sense_list:
An amount, portion, or share that is allotted or granted; a sum granted as a reimbursement, a bounty, or as appropriate for any purpose. | (minting) A permissible deviation in the fineness and weight of coins, owing to the difficulty in securing exact conformity to the standard prescribed by law.


lexentry: eng/allowance__Noun__1
written_rep: allowance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: konkurs
sense_list:
(engineering) A planned deviation between an exact dimension and a nominal or theoretical dimension.


lexentry: eng/alloy__Noun__1
written_rep: alloy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stop | aliaż
sense_list:
A metal that is a combination of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, a base metal.


lexentry: eng/allspice__Noun__1
written_rep: allspice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ziele angielskie
sense_list:
(uncountable) A spice; the dried and ground unripe fruit of Pimenta dioica, thought to combine the flavours of several spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves.


lexentry: eng/allude__Verb__1
written_rep: allude
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pić | przymawiać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To refer to something indirectly or by suggestion; to invoke it by implication rather than mention.


lexentry: eng/allusion__Noun__1
written_rep: allusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aluzja
sense_list:
An indirect reference; a hint; a reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned.


lexentry: eng/alluvium__Noun__1
written_rep: alluvium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aluwium
sense_list:
soil, clay, silt or gravel deposited by flowing water, as it slows, in a river bed, delta, estuary or flood plain


lexentry: eng/ally__Noun__1
written_rep: ally
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sojusznik | aliant | aliantka | sojuszniczka
sense_list:
A person, group, state, etc., which is associated or united by treaty with another for a common (especially military or political) purpose; a confederate.


lexentry: eng/almah__Noun__1
written_rep: almah
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: almeja
sense_list:
An Egyptian female singer or dancing-girl used for entertainment; sometimes a prostitute. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/almanac__Noun__1
written_rep: almanac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: almanach
sense_list:
(astronomy, navigation) A book or table listing nautical, astronomical, astrological or other events for the year; sometimes, but not essentially, containing historical and statistical information. | A handbook, typically published annually, containing information on a particular subject.


lexentry: eng/almandine__Noun__1
written_rep: almandine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: almandyn
sense_list:
(mineral) A type of garnet having a deep red color, inclining to purple, with the chemical formula Fe3Al2(SiO4)3.


lexentry: eng/almond__Noun__1
written_rep: almond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: migdał
sense_list:
(uncountable) The colour of the kernel of an almond without its shell and thin seed coat, a creamy off-white colour.


lexentry: eng/almond_paste__Noun__1
written_rep: almond paste
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pasta migdałowa
sense_list:
A type of confection made from ground almonds and sugar in equal quantities, bound with some syrup or other similar substance in order to form a paste.


lexentry: eng/almost__Adverb__1
written_rep: almost
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prawie | niemal
sense_list:
(mathematics) Up to, except for a negligible set (where negligible is not universally but contextually defined). | (measure theory, probability theory) Up to a null set; except for a set of measure 0.


lexentry: eng/almucantar__Noun__1
written_rep: almucantar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: almukantarat | almukantar
sense_list:
(astronomy, archaic, or, historical) A small circle on the celestial sphere, parallel to the horizon, that is used in astronomy and navigation to show altitude of a star or any other heavenly body.


lexentry: eng/alnico__Noun__1
written_rep: alnico
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alniko
sense_list:
An alloy of aluminium, nickel and cobalt, sometimes alloyed with smaller amounts of iron, copper, titanium and used primarily in the manufacture of magnets.


lexentry: eng/alocasia__Noun__1
written_rep: alocasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alokazja | zakleśń
sense_list:
Any of several tropical Asian plants, of the genus Alocasia, having heart- or arrowhead-shaped leaves.


lexentry: eng/aloe__Noun__1
written_rep: aloe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aloes
sense_list:
(in the plural) The resins of the tree Aquilaria malaccensis (syn. Aquilaria agallocha), known for their fragrant aroma, produced after infection by the fungus Phialophora parasitica. | Any plant of the large and variable genus Aloe.


lexentry: eng/aloe_vera__Noun__1
written_rep: aloe vera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aloes zwyczajny
sense_list:
A plant of the species Aloe vera, grown as an ornamental, thought to have medicinal value; an extract, often a gel, made from the plant.


lexentry: eng/aloha_shirt__Noun__1
written_rep: aloha shirt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koszula hawajska
sense_list:
A collared shirt of a type originating in Hawaii, often brilliantly colored with floral or Polynesian patterns. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/along__Preposition__1
written_rep: along
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wzdłuż | po
sense_list:
By the length of; in a line with the length of; lengthwise next to. | In a line with, with a progressive motion on; onward on; forward on.


lexentry: eng/alopecia__Noun__1
written_rep: alopecia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: łysienie | alopecja
sense_list:
(medicine) Loss of hair (especially on the head) or loss of wool or feathers, whether natural or caused by disease.


lexentry: eng/alpaca__Noun__1
written_rep: alpaca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alpaka
sense_list:
A sheep-like domesticated animal of the Andes, Vicugna pacos, in the camel family, closely related to the llama, guanaco, and vicuña. | A garment made of such wool.


lexentry: eng/alpha__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alfa
sense_list:
The name of the first letter of the Greek alphabet (Α, α), followed by beta. In the Latin alphabet it is the predecessor to A.


lexentry: eng/alpha_female__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha female
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samica alfa
sense_list:
(zoology, ethology) The dominant female in a social or group hierarchy. | (by extension) A self-assured, independent, self-driven, influential, or strong woman; an alphette.


lexentry: eng/alpha_fucks,_beta_bucks__Phrase__1
written_rep: alpha fucks, beta bucks
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alfa szmaci, beta płaci
sense_list:
(vulgar, slang) Women prefer sex with alpha males but are willing to use beta males as a source of financial support.


lexentry: eng/alpha_male__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha male
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samiec alfa
sense_list:
(zoology, ethology) The dominant male in a group of animals. | (by extension) A dominant, assertive, protective, oftentimes successful, leadership-type man or male. [from 1990s]


lexentry: eng/alpha_particle__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha particle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cząstka alfa
sense_list:
(physics) A doubly positively charged nucleus of a helium-4 atom (consisting of two protons and two neutrons), emitted as a consequence of radioactivity; α-particle


lexentry: eng/alpha_version__Noun__1
written_rep: alpha version
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wersja alfa
sense_list:
(computer, technology) An early version of a program or application, typically unstable, but useful to show what the product will do. Sometimes this stage is referred to as a preview version. Sometimes no more features are added after this release, but bug fixes continue. This release comes after a pre-alpha version and before a beta version. As opposed to a beta version an alpha version is usually not feature complete.


lexentry: eng/alphabet__Noun__1
written_rep: alphabet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alfabet | abecadło
sense_list:
The set of letters used when writing in a language. | A writing system in which letters represent phonemes. (Contrast e.g. logography, a writing system in which each character represents a word, and syllabary, in which each character represents a syllable.)


lexentry: eng/alphabetical_order__Noun__1
written_rep: alphabetical order
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: porządek alfabetyczny
sense_list:
The sequence of a collection of items (such as words in a dictionary) arranged in order by position in the alphabet.


lexentry: eng/alphanumeric__Adjective__1
written_rep: alphanumeric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alfanumeryczny
sense_list:
Consisting of, or limited to, letters and/or numbers, especially the characters A to Z (lowercase and uppercase) and 0 to 9.


lexentry: eng/alphasyllabary__Noun__1
written_rep: alphasyllabary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abugida
sense_list:
A segmental writing system in which consonant–vowel sequences are written as a unit, and where each unit is based on a consonant letter, and vowel notation is secondary; an abugida.


lexentry: eng/alphorn__Noun__1
written_rep: alphorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: róg alpejski
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A long, curved, wooden horn used by mountain-dwelling herders in the Alps, originally to call cattle but now only as musical instrument in classical and folk tunes.


lexentry: eng/alpine__Adjective__1
written_rep: alpine
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alpejski
sense_list:
Of, relating to, or inhabiting mountains, especially above the timberline. | (skiing) Of or relating to slalom and downhill skiing.


lexentry: eng/alpine_chough__Noun__1
written_rep: alpine chough
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wieszczek
sense_list:
A species of bird in the crow family (Corvidae) (Pyrrhocorax graculus), that breeds locally in the highest mountains of southern Europe, the Alps, across central Asia and India.


lexentry: eng/alt-right__Noun__1
written_rep: alt-right
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alt-right | neoreakcja
sense_list:
(uncountable) An amorphous movement of right-wing white nationalists opposed to multiculturalism and egalitarianism by race and sex, mostly active on the Internet. | (countable, rare) A member of the alt-right; an alt-righter.


lexentry: eng/alt_key__Noun__1
written_rep: alt key
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alt
sense_list:
(computing) A key on a personal computer or terminal keyboard used in combination to alter the function of other keys.


lexentry: eng/altar_server__Noun__1
written_rep: altar server
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ministrant | ministrantka
sense_list:
(Christianity) A layperson, often a child or adolescent, who assists a member of the clergy during a Christian liturgy, attending to supporting tasks at the altar.


lexentry: eng/altazimuth__Noun__1
written_rep: altazimuth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altazymut
sense_list:
A telescope or surveying instrument that has a mount permitting both horizontal and vertical rotation.


lexentry: eng/alter_ego__Noun__1
written_rep: alter ego
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: alter ego | drugie ja
sense_list:
(law) A corporation used by a person to conduct personal business in an attempt to shield himself or herself from personal liability, and which a court may penetrate by "piercing the corporate veil" to impose liability on the person when they commit fraud or injustice.


lexentry: eng/alternate__Adjective__1
written_rep: alternate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternować
sense_list:
Happening by turns; one following the other in succession of time or place; first one and then the other (repeatedly).


lexentry: eng/alternating__Adjective__1
written_rep: alternating
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternujący
sense_list:
That alternates. | (mathematics, of a series) Having terms that alternate between positive and negative.


lexentry: eng/alternating_current__Noun__1
written_rep: alternating current
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prąd przemienny | prąd zmienny
sense_list:
(physics) An electric current in which the direction of flow of the electrons reverses periodically.


lexentry: eng/alternation__Noun__1
written_rep: alternation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternacja
sense_list:
The reciprocal succession of (normally two) things in time or place; the act of following and being followed by turns; alternate succession, performance, or occurrence | (math) A sequence that alternates between positive and negative values.


lexentry: eng/alternative__Adjective__1
written_rep: alternative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternatywny
sense_list:
Relating to a choice between two or more possibilities. | Other; different from something else. | Not traditional, outside the mainstream, underground.


lexentry: eng/alternative__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternatywa | dysjunkcja
sense_list:
A situation which allows a mutually exclusive choice between two or more possibilities; a choice between two or more possibilities. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alternative_medicine__Noun__1
written_rep: alternative medicine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: medycyna alternatywna | medycyna niekonwencjonalna
sense_list:
Any of various pseudoscientific medical methods and practices used in place of, or as well as, conventional (scientific) medicine.


lexentry: eng/alternativity__Noun__1
written_rep: alternativity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternatywność
sense_list:
A characteristic of something having alternative connotations, akin to the representation of choice between two or more possibilities.


lexentry: eng/alternator__Noun__1
written_rep: alternator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alternator
sense_list:
(electrical engineering) An electric generator which produces alternating current through mechanical means.


lexentry: eng/although__Conjunction__1
written_rep: although
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chociaż | aczkolwiek | choć | acz | lubo | mimo że
sense_list:
Though, even though, in spite of or despite the fact that: introducing a clause that expresses a concession.


lexentry: eng/altitude_sickness__Noun__1
written_rep: altitude sickness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: choroba wysokościowa
sense_list:
(medicine) A pathological condition caused by oxygen deficiency at high altitudes; symptoms include shortness of breath, nausea, and nosebleed.


lexentry: eng/alto__Noun__1
written_rep: alto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alt
sense_list:
A musical part or section higher than tenor and lower than soprano, formerly the part that performed a countermelody above the tenor or main melody.


lexentry: eng/altocumulus__Noun__1
written_rep: altocumulus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altocumulus
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology) A fleecy cloud formation consisting of large whitish or greyish globular cloudlets with shaded portions, often grouped in flocks or rows. (Abbreviated Ac.)


lexentry: eng/altostratus__Noun__1
written_rep: altostratus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altostratus
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology) A principal medium-level cloud type in the form of a gray or bluish (never white) sheet or layer of striated, fibrous, or uniform appearance.


lexentry: eng/altruism__Noun__1
written_rep: altruism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altruizm
sense_list:
Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness. | (biology, sociobiology) Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer.


lexentry: eng/aludel__Noun__1
written_rep: aludel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aludel
sense_list:
A pear-shaped pot with an opening at each end, formerly used, especially by alchemists, for sublimation.


lexentry: eng/alum__Noun__1
written_rep: alum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ałun
sense_list:
An astringent salt, usually occurring in the form of pale crystals, much used in the dyeing and tanning trade and in certain medicines, and now understood to be a double sulphate of potassium and aluminium (K2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O). [from 14th c.] | (inorganic compound) Any similar double sulphate in which either or both of the potassium and aluminium is wholly or partly replaced by other univalent or tervalent cations. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/alumina__Noun__1
written_rep: alumina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tlenek glinu
sense_list:
Aluminum oxide, especially when used in mining, material sciences or ceramics, a refractory solid compound.


lexentry: eng/aluminium__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: glin | aluminium
sense_list:
A light, silvery metal extracted from bauxite, and a chemical element (symbol Al) with an atomic number of 13.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_foil__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium foil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: folia aluminiowa
sense_list:
(Australia, Britain, New Zealand) A very thin, pliable, easily torn sheet of aluminium used for cooking, packaging, cosmetics, and insulation.


lexentry: eng/aluminium_oxide__Noun__1
written_rep: aluminium oxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tritlenek diglinu
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The solid, Al2O3, commonly known as alumina; it occurs as bauxite, sapphire, ruby and other forms; it is used in the manufacture of ceramics


lexentry: eng/alunite__Noun__1
written_rep: alunite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ałunit
sense_list:
(mineral) A gray whitish, water-soluble mineral, potassium aluminium sulphate; the natural source of alum, KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6.


lexentry: eng/alveolar__Adjective__1
written_rep: alveolar
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dziąsłowy | alweolarny
sense_list:
(phonetics) Formed with the tongue touching or approaching the inner ridge of the gums of the upper front teeth.


lexentry: eng/alveolar_ridge__Noun__1
written_rep: alveolar ridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wał dziąsłowy
sense_list:
(anatomy) A ridge that forms the borders of the maxilla and the mandible and contains the alveoli of the teeth.


lexentry: eng/alveolo-palatal__Adjective__1
written_rep: alveolo-palatal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alweopalatalny | dziąsłowo-podniebienny | przedniopodniebienny
sense_list:
(phonetics) Of or relating to those consonants that are intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants.


lexentry: eng/alveolo-palatal__Noun__1
written_rep: alveolo-palatal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(phonetics) Any consonant that is intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants.

trans_list:
spółgłoska [[dziąsłowo-podniebienny|dziąsłowo-podniebienna]] | spółgłoska alweopalatalna | spółgłoska przedniopodniebienna


lexentry: eng/alveolus__Noun__1
written_rep: alveolus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pęcherzyk płucny
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the many tiny air sacs in the lungs in which the bronchioles terminate and where oxygen and carbon dioxide are rapidly exchanged with the pulmonary capillaries.


lexentry: eng/always__Adverb__1
written_rep: always
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zawsze | ciągle | stale
sense_list:
Constantly during a certain period, or regularly at stated intervals (opposed to sometimes or occasionally).


lexentry: eng/alyssum__Noun__1
written_rep: alyssum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: smagliczka
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Alyssum, mostly of Eurasian origin, that have racemes of white or yellow flowers.


lexentry: eng/amadou__Noun__1
written_rep: amadou
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hubka
sense_list:
A spongy, flammable substance prepared from bracket fungi, formerly used as a styptic and as tinder.


lexentry: eng/amalgamation__Noun__1
written_rep: amalgamation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amalgamacja
sense_list:
The process of amalgamating; a mixture, merger or consolidation. | (specifically) The production of an alloy of mercury and another metal, especially used in antiquity to extract gold and silver from ores.


lexentry: eng/amanitin__Noun__1
written_rep: amanitin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amanityna
sense_list:
(protein) A deadly amatoxin found in Amanita phalloides (the death cap), the four destroying angels (Amanita bisporigera, Amanita ocreata, Amanita verna, and Amanita virosa), and some other amanitas.


lexentry: eng/amaranth_family__Noun__1
written_rep: amaranth family
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amarantowate | szarłatowate
sense_list:
(botany, taxonomic name) The taxonomic family Amaranthaceae, containing plants such as amaranths and goosefoots.


lexentry: eng/amaretto__Noun__1
written_rep: amaretto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amaretto
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) A sweet-bitter liqueur originating from Italy (but also produced in Turkey), flavored with almonds and a secret blend-specific mix of some 200 ingredients such as the pits from apricots, peaches, cherries or other stone fruits.


lexentry: eng/amateur__Adjective__1
written_rep: amateur
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amatorski
sense_list:
Created, done, or populated by amateurs or non-professionals. | Showing a lack of professionalism, experience or talent.


lexentry: eng/amateur_radio__Noun__1
written_rep: amateur radio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krótkofalarstwo
sense_list:
The hobby or pastime of communicating by two-way radio, often striving for “DX” QSOs that are challenging because of distance.


lexentry: eng/amateurish__Adjective__1
written_rep: amateurish
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amatorski
sense_list:
(pejorative) Suggesting or reflecting the efforts of an amateur; not seeming professional or polished.


lexentry: eng/amazed__Adjective__1
written_rep: amazed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zdumiony
sense_list:
Astonished or confounded with fear, surprise, or wonder; greatly surprised (often with ensuing adpositions e.g. at, with, or by).


lexentry: eng/amazement__Noun__1
written_rep: amazement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zdumienie
sense_list:
(uncountable) The condition of being amazed; a state of overwhelming wonder, as from surprise or sudden fear, horror, or admiration; astonishment.


lexentry: eng/amazingly__Adverb__1
written_rep: amazingly
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaskakująco | zdumiewająco
sense_list:
In an amazing manner; in a way that causes amazement; wonderfully. | Difficult to believe; strange but true.


lexentry: eng/ambassador__Noun__1
written_rep: ambassador
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambasador | ambasadorka
sense_list:
A diplomat of the highest rank sent to a foreign court to represent there their sovereign or country. (Sometimes called ambassador-in-residence) | An official messenger and representative.


lexentry: eng/amber__Noun__1
written_rep: amber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bursztyn | jantar
sense_list:
A hard, generally yellow to brown translucent or transparent fossil resin from extinct coniferous trees of the pine genus, used for jewellery, decoration and later dissolved as a binder in varnishes. One variety, blue amber, appears blue rather than yellow under direct sunlight. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/amber__Noun__1
written_rep: amber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: żółte
sense_list:
(British, AU) The intermediate light in a set of three traffic lights, which when illuminated indicates that drivers should stop when safe to do so. See also yellow light.


lexentry: eng/ambergris__Noun__1
written_rep: ambergris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambra
sense_list:
A solid, waxy, flammable substance of a dull grey or blackish color, produced in the intestines of the sperm whale. It is used in perfumes.


lexentry: eng/amberjack__Noun__1
written_rep: amberjack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kaszalot
sense_list:
Any of several large food and game yellowtail fishes of the genus Seriola, found in warm waters of all oceans.


lexentry: eng/ambigram__Noun__1
written_rep: ambigram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambigram
sense_list:
A calligraphic design that may be read as the same word or phrase (or sometimes different words or phrases) when oriented in two different ways, usually when reflected along a vertical or horizontal axis or when rotated through 180 degrees.


lexentry: eng/ambiguity__Noun__1
written_rep: ambiguity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wieloznaczność
sense_list:
(countable) An instance of this state: words or statements that are open to more than one interpretation, explanation or meaning, especially if that meaning cannot be determined from the context.


lexentry: eng/ambiophonics__Noun__1
written_rep: ambiophonics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambiofonia
sense_list:
A technique using digital signal processing and two loudspeakers directly in front of the listener in order to improve reproduction of stereophonic and surround sound.


lexentry: eng/ambition__Noun__1
written_rep: ambition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambicja
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) Eager or inordinate desire for some object that confers distinction, as preferment, honor, superiority, political power, or fame; desire to distinguish one's self from other people. | (countable) An object of an ardent desire. | (uncountable) A personal quality similar to motivation, not necessarily tied to a single goal. | (obsolete) The act of going about to solicit or obtain an office, or any other object of desire; canvassing.


lexentry: eng/ambitious__Adjective__1
written_rep: ambitious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambitny | ambicjonalny
sense_list:
(of a person or their character) Having or showing ambition; wanting a lot of power, honor, respect, superiority, or other distinction.


lexentry: eng/ambivalence__Noun__1
written_rep: ambivalence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambiwalencja
sense_list:
The coexistence of opposing attitudes or feelings (such as love and hate) towards a person, object or idea.


lexentry: eng/ambivalent__Adjective__1
written_rep: ambivalent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambiwalentny
sense_list:
Simultaneously experiencing or expressing opposing or contradictory feelings, beliefs, motivations, or meanings.


lexentry: eng/ambivert__Noun__1
written_rep: ambivert
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambiwertyk
sense_list:
(psychology) A person who is neither clearly extroverted nor introverted, but has characteristics of each.


lexentry: eng/amblygonite__Noun__1
written_rep: amblygonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambligonit
sense_list:
(mineral) A mineral, a mixed fluoride and aluminophosphate of sodium and lithium that is an important ore of lithium.


lexentry: eng/amblyopia__Noun__1
written_rep: amblyopia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambliopia | niedowidzenie
sense_list:
Dimness or blurring of the eyesight due to a fault in transmission of signals to the brain from an otherwise healthy eye.


lexentry: eng/ambrosia__Noun__1
written_rep: ambrosia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ambrozja
sense_list:
Any fungus of a number of species that insects such as ambrosia beetles carry as symbionts, "farming" them on poor-quality food such as wood, where they grow, providing food for the insect.


lexentry: eng/ambulance__Noun__1
written_rep: ambulance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karetka | ambulans
sense_list:
An emergency vehicle designed for transporting seriously ill or injured people to a hospital. [1854]


lexentry: eng/ambush_marketing__Noun__1
written_rep: ambush marketing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: marketing pasożytniczy | marketing podstępny
sense_list:
(business) A marketing strategy wherein advertisers associate themselves with, and therefore capitalize on, a particular event without paying any sponsorship fee.


lexentry: eng/ameliorative__Adjective__1
written_rep: ameliorative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: amelioracyjny
sense_list:
(philosophy) Of or relating to conceptual engineering, the normative study of which conceptual demarcation is most conducive to solve the problems the concept is a priori taken to solve.


lexentry: eng/amen__Interjection__1
written_rep: amen
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amen
sense_list:
At the end of religious prayers: so be it. | An expression of strong agreement, often in the phrase "Amen to that!"


lexentry: eng/amend__Verb__1
written_rep: amend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: poprawiać się | poprawić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To become better. | (obsolete, intransitive) To be healed, to be cured, to recover (from an illness).


lexentry: eng/amendment__Noun__1
written_rep: amendment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nowela | nowelizacja | poprawka
sense_list:
In public bodies, any alteration made or proposed to be made in a bill or motion that adds, changes, substitutes, or omits.


lexentry: eng/amenity__Noun__1
written_rep: amenity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: udogodnienie
sense_list:
Pleasantness. | A thing or circumstance that is welcome and makes life a little easier or more pleasant.


lexentry: eng/amenity__Noun__1
written_rep: amenity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: miejsce
sense_list:
(cartography) A unit pertaining to the infrastructure of a community, such as a public toilet, a postbox, a library, etc.


lexentry: eng/ametropia__Noun__1
written_rep: ametropia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ametropia
sense_list:
(medicine, ophthalmology) Any of several disorders of the eye (spherical or cylindrical) resulting from faulty refractive ability.


lexentry: eng/amicable_number__Noun__1
written_rep: amicable number
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczby zaprzyjaźniona
sense_list:
(number theory) One of a pair of numbers having the property that the sum of the divisors of each, excluding itself, is equal to the other number.


lexentry: eng/amide__Noun__1
written_rep: amide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amid
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any derivative of an oxoacid in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group; especially such derivatives of a carboxylic acid, the carboxamides or acid amides


lexentry: eng/amino_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: amino acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aminokwas
sense_list:
(amino acid) Any organic compound containing both an amino and a carboxylic acid functional group. | (amino acid) Any of the twenty naturally occurring α-amino acids (having the amino, and carboxylic acid groups on the same carbon atom), and a variety of side chains, that combine, via peptide bonds, to form proteins.


lexentry: eng/amino_sugar__Noun__1
written_rep: amino sugar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aminocukier | aminosacharyd
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) any monosaccharide in which a single hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino group


lexentry: eng/aminoacylation__Noun__1
written_rep: aminoacylation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aminoacylacja | aminoacylowanie
sense_list:
(biochemistry, organic chemistry) The addition of an aminoacyl group to a compound, especially as part of the process of synthesizing proteins via aminoacyl tRNA synthetase


lexentry: eng/aminopeptidase__Noun__1
written_rep: aminopeptidase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aminopeptydaza
sense_list:
(enzyme) Any of several enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the peptide bond of the terminal amino acid at the amino end of a polypeptide or protein


lexentry: eng/ammonia__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amoniak
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A gaseous, toxic compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH3, with a pungent smell and taste.


lexentry: eng/ammoniacum__Noun__1
written_rep: ammoniacum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żywica amonowa
sense_list:
A gum-resin exuded from the several perennial herbs in the genus Ferula of the umbel family (Apiaceae).


lexentry: eng/ammonification__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amonifikacja
sense_list:
(biochemistry) The formation of ammonia or its compounds from nitrogenous compounds, especially as a result of bacterial decomposition.


lexentry: eng/ammonite__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amonit
sense_list:
(paleontology) Any of an extinct group of cephalopods of the subclass Ammonoidea; a fossil shell of such an animal.


lexentry: eng/ammonite__Noun__2
written_rep: ammonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amonit
sense_list:
An explosive prepared from a mixture of TNT and ammonium nitrate; a form of amatol, popular in Eastern Europe and China.


lexentry: eng/ammonium_nitrate__Noun__1
written_rep: ammonium nitrate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azotan amonu
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The ammonium salt of nitric acid, NH4NO3; it is used in fertilizers and explosives (notoriously in improvised explosive devices, though its main importance is as an explosive in its own right and in mixtures such as amatol and ANFO).


lexentry: eng/ammunition__Noun__1
written_rep: ammunition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amunicja | strzeliwo
sense_list:
Articles used in charging firearms and ordnance of all kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, rockets, etc.


lexentry: eng/amnesty__Noun__1
written_rep: amnesty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amnestia
sense_list:
An act of the sovereign power granting oblivion, or a general pardon, for a past offense, as to subjects concerned in an insurrection.


lexentry: eng/amniocentesis__Noun__1
written_rep: amniocentesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amniocenteza | amniopunkcja
sense_list:
(medicine) A procedure for obtaining amniotic fluid from a pregnant animal, by inserting a hollow needle through the abdominal wall and into the amniotic sac. Used in diagnosing possible genetic defects and/or obstetric complications.


lexentry: eng/amnion__Noun__1
written_rep: amnion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amnion | owodnia
sense_list:
(anatomy) The innermost membrane of the fetal membranes of reptiles, birds, and mammals; the sac in which the embryo is suspended.


lexentry: eng/amniote__Noun__1
written_rep: amniote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: owodniowiec
sense_list:
(biology) Any of the Amniota group of vertebrates having an amnion during the development of the embryo; mammals, birds and reptiles.


lexentry: eng/amniotic_fluid__Noun__1
written_rep: amniotic fluid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wody płodowe | płyn owodniowy
sense_list:
(zoology) In placental mammals, a fluid contained within the amnion membrane that surrounds a developing embryo or fetus.


lexentry: eng/amoeba__Noun__1
written_rep: amoeba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ameba | pełzak
sense_list:
(biology) A member of the genus Amoeba of unicellular protozoa that moves by means of temporary projections called pseudopodia.


lexentry: eng/amoebiasis__Noun__1
written_rep: amoebiasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amebiaza | ameboza | pełzakowica
sense_list:
(medicine) An infectious disease caused by the parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica; amoebic dysentery.


lexentry: eng/amorphous__Adjective__1
written_rep: amorphous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: amorficzny
sense_list:
(physics) In the non-crystalline solid state of, or being a non-crystalline counterpart to, a crystalline solid.


lexentry: eng/amortization__Noun__1
written_rep: amortization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amortyzacja
sense_list:
The distribution of the cost of an intangible asset, such as an intellectual property right, over the projected useful life of the asset.


lexentry: eng/amortize__Verb__1
written_rep: amortize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amortyzować | zamortyzować
sense_list:
(real estate, real estate law, transitive) To alienate (property) in mortmain. | (business, finance, transitive) To wipe out (a debt, liability etc.) gradually or in installments.


lexentry: eng/amount__Noun__1
written_rep: amount
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwota | ilość | liczba | suma
sense_list:
The total, aggregate or sum of material (not applicable to discrete numbers or units or items in standard English).


lexentry: eng/amount_of_substance__Noun__1
written_rep: amount of substance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liczność materii
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) The number of particles or formula units (depending on type) present of some substance in some sample; SI unit: mole.


lexentry: eng/amp__Verb__1
written_rep: amp
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pchać
sense_list:
(colloquial, usually, with up) To excite. | (colloquial, usually, with up) To connect to amplifiers.


lexentry: eng/ampelography__Noun__1
written_rep: ampelography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ampelografia
sense_list:
(botany, oenology) The discipline within botany concerned with the taxonomy of cultivars in the grapevine genus, Vitis.


lexentry: eng/ampere-hour__Noun__1
written_rep: ampere-hour
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amperogodzina
sense_list:
(physics) a unit of electric charge, equal to the charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one hour through a specified point in a circuit, equal to 3600 coulombs.


lexentry: eng/ampere__Noun__1
written_rep: ampere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amper
sense_list:
A unit of electrical current, the standard base unit in the International System of Units; colloquially amp. Abbreviation: amp, Symbol: A


lexentry: eng/amperometry__Noun__1
written_rep: amperometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amperometria
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) An analytical technique that involves the continuous measurement of electric current during a reaction or titration.


lexentry: eng/amphibian__Noun__1
written_rep: amphibian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: płaz | amfibia
sense_list:
An animal of the Amphibia; any vertebrate that does not have amniotic eggs, living both on land and in water. | A vehicle which can operate on both land and water.


lexentry: eng/amphibole__Noun__1
written_rep: amphibole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfibol
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of a large group of structurally similar hydrated double silicate minerals, containing various combinations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminium.


lexentry: eng/amphibrach__Noun__1
written_rep: amphibrach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amfibrach
sense_list:
(prosody) A metrical foot in modern prosody, consisting of three syllables, the middle one of which is stressed (e.g. Jamaica).


lexentry: eng/amphibrachic__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphibrachic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfibrachiczny
sense_list:
Consisting of amphibrachs, metrical feet consisting of either a long syllable between two that are short, or an accented syllable between two that are not accented.


lexentry: eng/amphictyony__Noun__1
written_rep: amphictyony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfiktionia
sense_list:
A religious foundation or co-operative shared between Greek city states during the classical period, typically to support the temple or cult of a deity shared by the city states. Also used academically to refer to similar arrangements in non-Greek cultures.


lexentry: eng/amphimacer__Noun__1
written_rep: amphimacer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfimacer | amfimakr
sense_list:
A metrical foot consisting of an unaccented or light syllable between two accented or heavy syllables; a cretic.


lexentry: eng/amphiprotic__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphiprotic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfoteryczny
sense_list:
(chemistry) Able to both donate and accept a proton, and thus able to react both as an acid and a base; amphoteric.


lexentry: eng/amphisbaena__Noun__1
written_rep: amphisbaena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfisbaena
sense_list:
(mythological creature) A mythical serpent having a head at each end of its body, able to move in either direction.


lexentry: eng/amphitheatre__Noun__1
written_rep: amphitheatre
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfiteatr
sense_list:
An open, outdoor theatre (which may be a theatre in the round, or have a stage with seating on only one side), especially one from the classical period of ancient Greece or Rome, or a modern venue of similar design.


lexentry: eng/amphora__Noun__1
written_rep: amphora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfora
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, historical) A large vessel, especially a thin-necked clay vat used in ancient Greece and Rome for storing and transporting wine and oil.


lexentry: eng/amphoric__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphoric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amforyczny
sense_list:
(medicine) Produced by or indicating a hollow cavity in the lungs, giving a sound like that produced by blowing into an empty decanter.


lexentry: eng/amphoteric__Adjective__1
written_rep: amphoteric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amfoteryczny
sense_list:
(chemistry) Having the characteristics of both an acid and a base, and capable of reacting as either; amphiprotic. [from 1832]


lexentry: eng/amplification__Noun__1
written_rep: amplification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: amplifikacja
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) A procedure used in the nomenclature of complex organic compounds in which the superatoms of a basic structure (a phane) are replaced by cyclic structures (amplificants). | (translation studies) A translation technique that involves adding content that is not present in the source text to the target text, usually to improve the fluency of the translation.


lexentry: eng/amplifier__Noun__1
written_rep: amplifier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wzmacniacz | amplifikator
sense_list:
Anything that amplifies, or makes something larger or more intense. | (electronics) An appliance or circuit that increases the strength of a weak electrical signal without changing the other characteristics of the signal.


lexentry: eng/amplify__Verb__1
written_rep: amplify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amplifikować
sense_list:
(transitive) To render larger, more extended, or more intense. | (transitive, rhetorical) To enlarge by addition or commenting; to treat copiously by adding particulars, illustrations, etc.; to expand. | (transitive) To increase the amplitude of something, especially of an electric current.


lexentry: eng/amplitude__Noun__1
written_rep: amplitude
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amplituda
sense_list:
The measure of the size of something, especially its width or breadth; largeness, magnitude. | (mathematics) The maximum absolute value of the vertical component of a curve or function, especially one that is periodic. | (physics) The maximum absolute value of some quantity that varies.


lexentry: eng/amplitude_modulation__Noun__1
written_rep: amplitude modulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: modulacja amplitudy | modulacja amplitudowa
sense_list:
(radio) A method of sending information by modifying (modulating) the intensity (amplitude) of a carrier wave.


lexentry: eng/amulet__Noun__1
written_rep: amulet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amulet
sense_list:
A religious article, protective charm, or ornament, usually bearing cultural or magical symbols, worn for protection against ill will, negative influences, or evil spirits.


lexentry: eng/amuse__Verb__1
written_rep: amuse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bawić | zabawiać | rozbawić | rozerwać
sense_list:
(transitive) To entertain or occupy (someone or something) in a pleasant manner; to stir (someone) with pleasing emotions.


lexentry: eng/amygdala__Noun__1
written_rep: amygdala
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciało migdałowate
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans.


lexentry: eng/amygdalin__Noun__1
written_rep: amygdalin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amigdalina
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A glycoside of benzaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide found in bitter almonds, and in the kernels of some other fruit.


lexentry: eng/amylase__Noun__1
written_rep: amylase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amylaza | diastaza
sense_list:
(enzyme) Any of a class of digestive enzymes, present in saliva and also contributed to the gut by the exocrine pancreas, that break down complex carbohydrates such as starch into simpler sugars such as glucose.


lexentry: eng/amyloidosis__Noun__1
written_rep: amyloidosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amyloidoza | skrobiawica
sense_list:
(medicine) Any of a group of disorders in which the fibrous protein amyloid is deposited in an organ of the body.


lexentry: eng/amyloplast__Noun__1
written_rep: amyloplast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amyloplast
sense_list:
(biology) A specialized leucoplast responsible for the storage of amylopectin through the polymerization of glucose.


lexentry: eng/amylose__Noun__1
written_rep: amylose
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amyloza
sense_list:
(carbohydrate) The soluble form of starch (the insoluble form being amylopectin) that is a linear polymer of glucose.


lexentry: eng/amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis__Noun__1
written_rep: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stwardnienie zanikowe boczne
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology) A chronic, progressive disease characterized by degeneration of the central nervous system and the loss of voluntary muscle control.


lexentry: eng/an_arm_and_a_leg__Noun__1
written_rep: an arm and a leg
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kosztować majątek
sense_list:
(idiomatic, hyperbole) Usually used after the verb cost, but also often charge, pay, and spend: a very high price for an item or service; an exorbitant price


lexentry: eng/an_eye_for_an_eye,_a_tooth_for_a_tooth__Proverb__1
written_rep: an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oko za oko, ząb za ząb
sense_list:
(idiomatic) compensation for injury caused by a person, in the form of inflicting of an identical injury on that person.


lexentry: eng/anabasine__Noun__1
written_rep: anabasine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anabazyna
sense_list:
A pyridine alkaloid similar to nicotine, found in Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco), a close relative of the common tobacco plant, formerly used as an insecticide.


lexentry: eng/anabiosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anabiosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anabioza
sense_list:
(biology) A state of suspended animation, especially during extreme drought; the act of recovering from this state.


lexentry: eng/anachronism__Noun__1
written_rep: anachronism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anachronizm | anachroniczność
sense_list:
A chronological mistake; the erroneous dating of an event, circumstance, or object. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.] | A person or thing which seems to belong to a different time or period of time. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anachronistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anachronistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anachroniczny
sense_list:
Erroneous in date; containing an anachronism; in a wrong time; not applicable to or not appropriate for the time. | (of a person) Having opinions from the past; preferring things or values of the past; behind the times; overly conservative.


lexentry: eng/anaconda__Noun__1
written_rep: anaconda
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anakonda
sense_list:
(countable) Any large nonvenomous snake of the genus Eunectes, found mainly in northern South America. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anacreontic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anacreontic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anakreontyczny
sense_list:
(prosody) Pertaining to the style of the Greek poet Anacreon, who wrote of wine and love; (specifically) designating a metre based on an anaclastic ionic dimeter. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/anacrusis__Noun__1
written_rep: anacrusis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedtakt | anakruza
sense_list:
(prosody) An unstressed syllable at the start of a verse. | (music) An unstressed note or notes before the first strong beat (or downbeat) of a phrase.


lexentry: eng/anadiplosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anadiplosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anadiploza
sense_list:
(figure of speech) A figure of speech in which a word or phrase used at the end of a clause or expression is repeated near the beginning of the next clause or expression.


lexentry: eng/anaerobically__Adverb__1
written_rep: anaerobically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: beztlenowo
sense_list:
In an anaerobic manner; in a way that does not require oxygen. Generally used of metabolic processes.


lexentry: eng/anagenesis__Noun__1
written_rep: anagenesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anageneza
sense_list:
The evolution of a new species by the large scale change in gene frequency so that the new species replaces the old rather than branching to produce an additional species.


lexentry: eng/anaglyph__Noun__1
written_rep: anaglyph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anaglif
sense_list:
A decorative ornament worked in low relief or bas relief, such as a piece of cameo jewelry. | A matched pair of images designed to produce a three-dimensional effect when viewed using spectacles that have usually one red and one bluish-green lens, corresponding to the colors of the pairs of images.


lexentry: eng/anagnorisis__Noun__1
written_rep: anagnorisis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anagnoryzm
sense_list:
The moment in the plot of a drama in which the hero makes a discovery that explains previously unexplained events or situations; a denouement.


lexentry: eng/anal-retentive__Adjective__1
written_rep: anal-retentive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cywilne
sense_list:
(psychology, Freudian) Preoccupied with achieving perfection, order and control and with collecting, possessing, and retaining objects.


lexentry: eng/anal__Adjective__1
written_rep: anal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: analny | odbytowy
sense_list:
(psychoanalysis) Of the stage in psychosexual development when the child's interest is alleged to be concentrated on the anal region. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal__Adjective__1
written_rep: anal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pedantyczny
sense_list:
(psychology, also vulgar informal) Of a person, compulsive and stubborn, obsessed with neatness and accuracy (usually in an egosyntonic way), supposedly from not having progressed beyond the anal stage. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/anal_beads__Noun__1
written_rep: anal beads
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kulki analne
sense_list:
A sex toy consisting of several small balls attached together in series which are one by one inserted into and removed from the rectum.


lexentry: eng/anal_sex__Noun__1
written_rep: anal sex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: seks analny | anal | branie do dupy | branie w dupę
sense_list:
A sexual activity involving stimulation of a sexual partner's anus or rectum, especially by penetration with a penis or other object.


lexentry: eng/analcime__Noun__1
written_rep: analcime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analcym
sense_list:
(mineral) A sodium aluminosilicate with a chemical formula NaAlSi2O6·H2O, having a zeolite structure, found in alkaline basalts.


lexentry: eng/analgesia__Noun__1
written_rep: analgesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: analgezja
sense_list:
(medicine) A process of temporarily reducing the ability to feel pain; the provision of this service.


lexentry: eng/analgesic__Noun__1
written_rep: analgesic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analgetyk | lek przeciwbólowy
sense_list:
(pharmacology) Any medicine, such as aspirin, that reduces pain, especially without inducing a loss of other sensation. (Contrast anesthetic.)


lexentry: eng/analog-to-digital_converter__Noun__1
written_rep: analog-to-digital converter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przetwornik analogowo-cyfrowy
sense_list:
(electronics) A device that converts an infinite resolution analog signal to a finite resolution digital signal.


lexentry: eng/analog__Adjective__1
written_rep: analog
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analogowy
sense_list:
(of a device or system) In which the value of a data item (such as time) is represented by a continuous(ly) variable physical quantity that can be measured (such as the shadow of a sundial).


lexentry: eng/analog__Noun__1
written_rep: analog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analog
sense_list:
(countable) Something that bears an analogy to something else. | (chemistry) A structural derivative of a parent compound that differs from it by only one or a few atoms or substituent groups; (usually, especially) such a molecule that retains most of the same chemical properties.


lexentry: eng/analogous__Adjective__1
written_rep: analogous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analogiczny
sense_list:
Having analogy, the status of an analogue; corresponding to something else; bearing some resemblance or similar proportion (often followed by "to".)


lexentry: eng/analogy__Noun__1
written_rep: analogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analogia
sense_list:
A relationship of resemblance or equivalence between two situations, people, or objects, especially when used as a basis for explanation or extrapolation.


lexentry: eng/analphabet__Noun__1
written_rep: analphabet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analfabeta | analfabetka
sense_list:
A person who does not know the letters of the alphabet; a partly or wholly illiterate person. [from mid 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/analysis__Noun__1
written_rep: analysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analiza
sense_list:
(countable) Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory etc.). | (countable) The result of such a process. | (uncountable, mathematics) A broad field of study in modern mathematics (often mentioned alongside algebra) which developed out of the calculus, concerned with the behavior of functions, sequences, series, limits, metric spaces, measures and more. | (countable, logic) Proof by deduction from known truths. | (countable, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry) The process of breaking down a substance into its constituent parts, or the result of this process.


lexentry: eng/analytic__Adjective__1
written_rep: analytic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analityczny
sense_list:
Of, or relating to any form of analysis, or to analytics. | Of, or relating to division into elements or principles. | (linguistics) Of a language, having a grammar principally dependent on the arrangement of uninflected function words within sentences to indicate meaning. Compare synthetic.


lexentry: eng/analytic_function__Noun__1
written_rep: analytic function
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: funkcja analityczna
sense_list:
(analysis) Any smooth (infinitely differentiable) function f, defined on an open set D\subseteq \mathbb{C}\ (\textit{ or }\subseteq\mathbb{R}), whose value in some neighbourhood of any given point x_0 \in D is given by the Taylor series \textstyle \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{f^{(n)}(x_0)}{n!} (x-x_0)^{n}. | (databases) window function


lexentry: eng/analytic_geometry__Noun__1
written_rep: analytic geometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: geometria analityczna
sense_list:
(geometry) The subbranch of geometry that investigates geometrical figures via the mathematical properties of their representations in a coordinate system.


lexentry: eng/analyze__Verb__1
written_rep: analyze
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: analizować | przeanalizować | zanalizować
sense_list:
(transitive) To examine in such a manner as to ascertain the elements or nature of the thing examined; as, to analyze a fossil substance, to analyze a sentence or a word, or to analyze an action to ascertain its morality.


lexentry: eng/analyzer__Noun__1
written_rep: analyzer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: analizator
sense_list:
(US) an instrument for the analysis of something | (US) a person who analyzes | (optics) a type of polarizer


lexentry: eng/anamorphosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anamorphosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anamorfoza
sense_list:
A distorted image of an object that may be viewed correctly from a specific angle or with a specific mirror.


lexentry: eng/anapest__Noun__1
written_rep: anapest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anapest | antydaktyl
sense_list:
(prosody) In quantitative meter, a metrical foot consisting of three syllables, two short, then one long.


lexentry: eng/anaphase__Noun__1
written_rep: anaphase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anafaza
sense_list:
(cytology) The stage of mitosis and meiosis during which the chromosomes separate, the chromatid moving to opposite poles of the cell.


lexentry: eng/anaphora__Noun__1
written_rep: anaphora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anafora
sense_list:
(figure of speech) The repetition of a phrase at the beginning of phrases, sentences, or verses, used for emphasis. | (linguistics) An expression that refers to a preceding expression. | (Christianity) The most solemn part of the Divine Liturgy or the Mass during which the offerings of bread and wine are consecrated as body and blood of Christ.


lexentry: eng/anaphylactic_shock__Noun__1
written_rep: anaphylactic shock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wstrząs anafilaktyczny
sense_list:
A severe and rapid systemic allergic reaction to an allergen, constricting the trachea and causing generalized vasodilation.


lexentry: eng/anarchism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarchism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anarchizm
sense_list:
(by extension) A political and philosophical belief that proposes the establishment of a stateless society as well as the abolition of authority and hierarchy in most or all forms.


lexentry: eng/anarchist__Noun__1
written_rep: anarchist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anarchista | anarchistka
sense_list:
One who believes in or advocates the absence of hierarchy and authority in most forms (compare anarchism), especially one who works toward the realization of such.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-capitalism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarcho-capitalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anarchokapitalizm
sense_list:
(politics, economics) A political and economic philosophy that advocates the elimination of the state and other coercive institutions in favour of individual self-ownership, voluntary society, and free market.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-communism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarcho-communism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anarchokomunizm
sense_list:
(politics, economics) A form of anarchism advocating the abolition of the state and capitalism in favor of a horizontal network of voluntary associations through which people would satisfy their needs.


lexentry: eng/anarcho-syndicalism__Noun__1
written_rep: anarcho-syndicalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anarchosyndykalizm
sense_list:
A branch or field of anarchism that focuses on the abolition of capitalism through the organization of revolutionary worker syndicates.


lexentry: eng/anarthria__Noun__1
written_rep: anarthria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anartria
sense_list:
(neurology, neuropsychology) A speech impairment in which the ability to articulate is lost completely.


lexentry: eng/anastatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anastatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anastatyczny
sense_list:
(printing, historical) Of or relating to a printing process in which copies of drawings are printed from facsimiles produced in relief on zinc plates.


lexentry: eng/anastomosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anastomosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anastomoza
sense_list:
An interconnection between any two channels, passages or vessels. | (surgery) The surgical creation of a connecting passage between blood vessels, bowels or other channels.


lexentry: eng/anastylosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anastylosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anastyloza
sense_list:
(archaeology) The reassembly of ruined monuments or other artifacts from remaining fragments in an archeologically responsible way (with use of modern materials when needed).


lexentry: eng/anathema__Noun__1
written_rep: anathema
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anatema
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical, historical) A ban or curse pronounced with religious solemnity by ecclesiastical authority, often accompanied by excommunication; something denounced as accursed. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/anatomical_snuffbox__Noun__1
written_rep: anatomical snuffbox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tabakierka anatomiczna
sense_list:
(anatomy) A triangular deepening on the radial, dorsal aspect of the hand, bounded by extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis.


lexentry: eng/anatomy__Noun__1
written_rep: anatomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anatomia
sense_list:
The art of studying the different parts of any organized body, to discover their situation, structure, and economy.


lexentry: eng/ancestor__Noun__1
written_rep: ancestor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przodek | antenat | antenatka | wstępny
sense_list:
One from whom a person is descended, whether on the father's or mother's side, at any distance of time; a progenitor; a forefather; a forebear.


lexentry: eng/anchor__Noun__1
written_rep: anchor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kotwica
sense_list:
(nautical) A tool used to moor a vessel to the bottom of a sea or river to resist movement. | Any instrument serving a purpose like that of a ship's anchor, such as an arrangement of timber to hold a dam fast; a device to hold the end of a bridge cable etc.; or a device used in metalworking to hold the core of a mould in place.


lexentry: eng/anchor_baby__Noun__1
written_rep: anchor baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dziecko imigranta
sense_list:
(US, sometimes, derogatory) A child born to noncitizen parents in the United States or another country that grants birthright citizenship (cf. jus soli), and who, as a citizen, can provide immigration benefits to relatives.


lexentry: eng/anchorage__Noun__1
written_rep: anchorage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kotwicowisko
sense_list:
(nautical) A fee charged for anchoring. | The act of anchoring, or the condition of lying at anchor.


lexentry: eng/anchorman__Noun__1
written_rep: anchorman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gospodarz | prezenter | prowadzący
sense_list:
(television, radio) The main host of a television or radio program, particularly one relating to the broadcast of news. | (athletics) The most reliable runner in a relay team, usually the one that runs last.


lexentry: eng/anchovy__Noun__1
written_rep: anchovy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sardela | anchois
sense_list:
Any small saltwater fish of the Engraulidae family, consisting of 160 species in sixteen genera, of which the genus Engraulis is widely sold as food.


lexentry: eng/ancient__Adjective__1
written_rep: ancient
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pradawny | starożytny
sense_list:
Existent or occurring in time long past, usually in remote ages; belonging to or associated with antiquity; old, as opposed to modern.


lexentry: eng/ancient_history__Noun__1
written_rep: ancient history
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: historia starożytna
sense_list:
A period of history generally seen as occurring before the Middle Ages, that is, before the fall of the Roman Empire. Includes Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/ancient_monument__Noun__1
written_rep: ancient monument
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zabytek
sense_list:
an old or ancient building or other structure, or a site of historical interest that is usually looked after by an official organization.


lexentry: eng/and!slash!or__Conjunction__1
written_rep: and/or
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: i/lub
sense_list:
Joins two alternatives to mean either or both; indicates that inclusive or is meant where or alone might be taken to mean exclusive or.


lexentry: eng/and__Conjunction__1
written_rep: and
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: i
sense_list:
(now, colloquial, or, literary) Used to connect more than two elements together in a chain, sometimes to stress the number of elements.


lexentry: eng/and__Conjunction__1
written_rep: and
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: i | a | oraz | tudzież
sense_list:
Used to connect certain numbers: connecting units when they precede tens (now dated); connecting shillings to pence in a monetary quantity (now historical); connecting tens and units to hundreds, thousands etc. (now often omitted in US); to connect fractions to wholes. [from 10th c.]


lexentry: eng/and_then_some__Phrase__1
written_rep: and then some
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: a nawet więcej
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial) Used to confirm preceding utterance, while implying that what was said or asked is an understatement.


lexentry: eng/andalusite__Noun__1
written_rep: andalusite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: andaluzyt
sense_list:
(mineral) An aluminium nesosilicate mineral, Al2SiO5, which can be cut into a gem and displays strong pleochroism, shifting between red, green, and yellow.


lexentry: eng/andesine__Noun__1
written_rep: andesine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: andezyn
sense_list:
(mineral) Sodium calcium aluminum silicate, (Na_xCa_xAlSi_3O_8), a plagioclase feldspar, the third member of the albite-anorthite solid solution series. Found in fine-grained andesite lavas; crystals are rarely seen.


lexentry: eng/andesite__Noun__1
written_rep: andesite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: andezyt
sense_list:
(geology) Any of a class of fine-grained intermediate igneous rock, of volcanic origin, containing mostly plagioclase feldspar.


lexentry: eng/andiron__Noun__1
written_rep: andiron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kozioł
sense_list:
(usually, in plural) A utensil for supporting wood when burning in a fireplace, one being placed on each side


lexentry: eng/androgen__Noun__1
written_rep: androgen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: androgen
sense_list:
(steroid hormone) Any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates. A male sex hormone such as testosterone or anabolic steroids.


lexentry: eng/andrology__Noun__1
written_rep: andrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: andrologia
sense_list:
(medicine) The branch of medicine concerned with male diseases, especially those affecting the male reproductive system.


lexentry: eng/andropause__Noun__1
written_rep: andropause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: andropauza | męskie klimakterium
sense_list:
(medicine, endocrinology) The male equivalent of the menopause in women; characterized by a decline in libido and overall energy.


lexentry: eng/androsterone__Noun__1
written_rep: androsterone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: androsteron
sense_list:
(steroid hormone) An androgenic hormone, excreted in the urine, somewhat less active than testosterone.


lexentry: eng/anecdote__Noun__1
written_rep: anecdote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anegdota
sense_list:
An account which supports an argument, but which is not supported by scientific or statistical analysis. | A previously untold secret account of an incident.


lexentry: eng/anemia__Noun__1
written_rep: anemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anemia | niedokrwistość
sense_list:
(American spelling, uncountable, pathology) A medical condition in which the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen to the tissues is reduced, either because of too few red blood cells, or because of too little hemoglobin, resulting in pallor and fatigue.


lexentry: eng/anemic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anemic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anemiczny
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or suffering from anemia. | (by extension) Weak; listless; lacking power, vigor, vitality, or colorfulness.


lexentry: eng/anemoscope__Noun__1
written_rep: anemoscope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anemoskop | wiatrowskaz
sense_list:
An instrument that shows the direction of the wind; a wind vane or weathercock. Formerly, it used to apply to a device consisting of a vane above, connected to the inside of a building with a dial or index to show the wind direction, but today there are many varieties.


lexentry: eng/anencephaly__Noun__1
written_rep: anencephaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anencefalia | bezmózgowie
sense_list:
A lethal birth defect in which most of the brain and parts of the skull are missing; absence of the encephalon.


lexentry: eng/aneroid_barometer__Noun__1
written_rep: aneroid barometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aneroid
sense_list:
A barometer in which variations in pressure are measured using a partially evacuated capsule whose sides move in and out.


lexentry: eng/anesthesia__Noun__1
written_rep: anesthesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znieczulenie | anestezja
sense_list:
(medicine, American spelling, Canadian spelling) An artificial method of preventing sensation, used to eliminate pain without causing loss of vital functions, by the administration of one or more agents which block pain impulses before transmitted to the brain.


lexentry: eng/anesthesiologist__Noun__1
written_rep: anesthesiologist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anestezjolog | anestetysta
sense_list:
(American spelling, Canadian spelling) A physician who specializes in anesthesiology and administers anesthesia.


lexentry: eng/anesthetic__Noun__1
written_rep: anesthetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anestetyk | narkoza | znieczulenie
sense_list:
(American spelling, medicine) A substance administered to reduce the perception of pain or to induce numbness for surgery and may render the recipient unconscious.


lexentry: eng/anesthetize__Verb__1
written_rep: anesthetize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znieczulać
sense_list:
(transitive) To administer anesthesia to: to render unfeeling or unconscious through the use of narcotic substances, usually either alcohol or pharmaceutical drugs.


lexentry: eng/aneuploidy__Noun__1
written_rep: aneuploidy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aneuploidia
sense_list:
(genetics) The condition of being aneuploid; the state of possessing a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number of the organism in question.


lexentry: eng/aneurysm__Noun__1
written_rep: aneurysm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tętniak | anewryzm | aneuryzma
sense_list:
(pathology) An abnormal blood-filled swelling of an artery or vein, resulting from a localized weakness in the wall of the vessel.


lexentry: eng/angel__Noun__1
written_rep: angel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anioł
sense_list:
An incorporeal and sometimes divine messenger from a deity, or other divine entity, often depicted in art as a youthful winged figure in flowing robes. | (Abrahamic tradition) One of the lowest order of such beings, below virtues. | A person having the qualities attributed to angels, such as purity or selflessness.


lexentry: eng/angel_investor__Noun__1
written_rep: angel investor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anioł biznesu
sense_list:
(business) An investor to a start-up, especially one who invests very early or during the company's initial forming, often with a slim chance of a return on investment.


lexentry: eng/angel_shark__Noun__1
written_rep: angel shark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anioł morski | raszpla | raszpla zwyczajna | skwat
sense_list:
A member of the unusual genus Squatina of sharks with flattened bodies and broad pectoral fins resembling skates or rays. There are approximately 16 known species, which are the only members of their taxonomic genus, family and order. They occur worldwide in temperate and tropical seas.


lexentry: eng/angelic__Adjective__1
written_rep: angelic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anielski | angeliczny
sense_list:
Belonging to, or proceeding from, angels; resembling, characteristic of, or partaking of the nature of, an angel.


lexentry: eng/angelica__Noun__1
written_rep: angelica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dzięgiel
sense_list:
A tall plant, with hollow stems, genus Angelica, especially garden angelica (Angelica archangelica).


lexentry: eng/angelology__Noun__1
written_rep: angelology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angelologia | angeologia
sense_list:
The study of angels. Angels have been grouped into nine categories or “choirs,” from lowest to highest: angel, virtue, archangel, power, principality, dominion, throne, cherub, and seraph.


lexentry: eng/angels'_share__Noun__1
written_rep: angels' share
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: danina dla aniołów
sense_list:
The portion of a wine, whiskey or other alcoholic spirit's volume that is lost to evaporation during aging, particularly while it matures in barrels (and evaporates through the porous wood).


lexentry: eng/anger__Noun__1
written_rep: anger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gniew | złość | wkurw
sense_list:
A strong and unpleasant feeling of displeasure, hostility, or antagonism towards someone or something, usually combined with an urge to yell, say curse words, and/or physically harm or cause damage or destruction to things or attack or assault living beings, often stemming from perceived provocation, hurt, threat, insults, or unfair or unjust treatment, or a situation not going the way one had desired or planned.


lexentry: eng/angiocardiography__Noun__1
written_rep: angiocardiography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angiokardiografia
sense_list:
(medicine) A technique for radiographic examination of the heart chambers and thoracic vessels wherein a liquid radiocontrast agent is injected into the bloodstream, then the tissues are examined using X-rays.


lexentry: eng/angioedema__Noun__1
written_rep: angioedema
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obrzęk naczynioruchowy
sense_list:
(pathology) Swelling of the lower layers of the skin, often around the mouth, or of the mucosa or submucosa of the mouth or throat, which can appear quickly in response to an allergen or due to other conditions.


lexentry: eng/angiogram__Noun__1
written_rep: angiogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angiografia
sense_list:
(medicine) An X-ray image of the blood vessels gained after the injection of a radiopaque contrast medium.


lexentry: eng/angiography__Noun__1
written_rep: angiography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angiografia | arteriografia
sense_list:
(medicine) A medical imaging technique in which an X-ray image is taken to visualize the inside of blood vessels and organs of the body, with particular interest in the arteries, veins and the heart chambers.


lexentry: eng/angioplasty__Noun__1
written_rep: angioplasty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angioplastyka | balonikowanie
sense_list:
(surgery) The mechanical widening of a narrowed or totally obstructed blood vessel generally caused by atheroma.


lexentry: eng/angiosperm__Noun__1
written_rep: angiosperm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nagonasienny
sense_list:
(botany) Any plant of the clade Angiosperms, characterized by having ovules enclosed in an ovary; a flowering plant.


lexentry: eng/angiotensin__Noun__1
written_rep: angiotensin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angiotensyna
sense_list:
(hormone) Any of several polypeptides that narrow blood vessels and thus regulate arterial pressure.


lexentry: eng/angle__Noun__1
written_rep: angle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kąt
sense_list:
(geometry) A figure formed by two rays which start from a common point (a plane angle) or by three planes that intersect (a solid angle).


lexentry: eng/angle__Noun__1
written_rep: angle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kąt | miara kąta
sense_list:
(geometry) The measure of such a figure. In the case of a plane angle, this is the ratio (or proportional to the ratio) of the arc length to the radius of a section of a circle cut by the two rays, centered at their common point. In the case of a solid angle, this is the ratio of the surface area to the square of the radius of the section of a sphere.


lexentry: eng/angle_grinder__Noun__1
written_rep: angle grinder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szlifierka kątowa | diaks
sense_list:
A usually hand-held grinder which uses a pair of internal gears to place the rotational axis of the grinding or cutting wheel perpendicular to that of the driving motor.


lexentry: eng/angle_of_attack__Noun__1
written_rep: angle of attack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kąt natarcia
sense_list:
(aeronautics) The angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the airflow over it; one of the determiners of the amount of lift produced by an airfoil.


lexentry: eng/anglerfish__Noun__1
written_rep: anglerfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: diabeł morski | żabnica
sense_list:
Any fish of the bony fish order Lophiiformes, which have an outgrowth they wiggle to lure and catch their prey.


lexentry: eng/angora__Noun__1
written_rep: angora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: królik angorski
sense_list:
A rabbit belonging to the Angora rabbit breed, one of the oldest domestic breeds of rabbits in the world, raised chiefly in Europe for its silky and long hair (a subspecies of the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus).


lexentry: eng/angostura__Noun__1
written_rep: angostura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: angostura
sense_list:
A South American tree, with bark used in tradition medicine and as an ingredient in various bitters (but not Angostura bitters), Angostura trifoliata.


lexentry: eng/angst__Noun__1
written_rep: angst
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: niepokój
sense_list:
A feeling of acute but vague anxiety or apprehension often accompanied by depression, especially philosophical anxiety.


lexentry: eng/angstrom__Noun__1
written_rep: angstrom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angstrem
sense_list:
(physics, metrology) A unit of length equal to 10−10 meters (that is, one ten-billionth of a meter), approximately the size of an atom, and denoted by the symbol Å, used especially to measure the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation or distances between atoms.


lexentry: eng/angular_momentum__Noun__1
written_rep: angular momentum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kręt | moment pędu
sense_list:
(physics) The vector product that describes the rotary inertia of a system about an axis and is conserved in a closed system. For an isolated rigid body, it is a measure of the extent to which an object will continue to rotate in the absence of an applied torque.


lexentry: eng/angular_velocity__Noun__1
written_rep: angular velocity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prędkość kątowa
sense_list:
(mathematics, physics) The angle turned, per unit time, by a body rotating about an axis; the rate of rotation through an angle.


lexentry: eng/angélique__Noun__1
written_rep: angélique
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anielski
sense_list:
A plucked bowl lute with two necks and most often sixteen strings, played in the manner of a harp, and popular in Baroque Europe.


lexentry: eng/anhedonia__Noun__1
written_rep: anhedonia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anhedonia
sense_list:
(symptom, psychiatry) The inability to feel pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable, such as exercise, hobbies, music, sexual activities or social interactions.


lexentry: eng/anhydride__Noun__1
written_rep: anhydride
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezwodnik
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any compound formally derived from another (or from others) by the loss of a water molecule, especially acid anhydrides.


lexentry: eng/aniline__Noun__1
written_rep: aniline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anilina | aminobenzen
sense_list:
(organic compound) The simplest aromatic amine, C6H5NH2, synthesized by the reduction of nitrobenzene; it is a colourless oily basic poisonous liquid used in the manufacture of dyes and pharmaceuticals.


lexentry: eng/animal__Noun__1
written_rep: animal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zwierzę
sense_list:
(science) Any eukaryote of the clade Animalia; a multicellular organism that is usually mobile, whose cells are not encased in a rigid cell wall (distinguishing it from plants and fungi) and which derives energy solely from the consumption of other organisms (distinguishing it from plants). | (loosely) Any member of the kingdom Animalia other than a human.


lexentry: eng/animal_feed__Noun__1
written_rep: animal feed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przydział
sense_list:
Material, of an animal or most often vegetable origin, prepared (especially industrially) as feed for domestic or farm animals.


lexentry: eng/animal_husbandry__Noun__1
written_rep: animal husbandry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hodowla zwierząt
sense_list:
The management and care of farm animals by humans for profit, in which genetic qualities and behaviour, considered to be advantageous to humans, are further developed.


lexentry: eng/animal_pole__Noun__1
written_rep: animal pole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biegun animalny | biegun twórczy | biegun zarodkowy
sense_list:
(embryology) The hemisphere of the blastula which eventually gives rise to the three germ layers and is composed of small cells that are in a state of rapid division.


lexentry: eng/animal_rights__Noun__1
written_rep: animal rights
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawa zwierząt
sense_list:
Certain fundamental rights that animals are entitled to, such as the right to be spared undue suffering.


lexentry: eng/animalcule__Noun__1
written_rep: animalcule
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żyjątko
sense_list:
(physiology, historical) A sperm cell or spermatozoon; also, the embryo that was formerly thought to be contained inside a spermatozoon in a fully developed state. [from 17th c.] | (zoology, archaic) A microscopic aquatic animal, including protozoa and rotifers. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/animate__Verb__1
written_rep: animate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: animować
sense_list:
(transitive) To impart motion or the appearance of motion to. | (transitive) To give spirit or vigour to; to stimulate or enliven; to inspirit.


lexentry: eng/animated_cartoon__Noun__1
written_rep: animated cartoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: film rysunkowy | animacja | film animowany
sense_list:
Any of several types of film / movie, the frames of which are drawn by hand in order to give a sense of movement when projected in rapid sequence.


lexentry: eng/animation__Noun__1
written_rep: animation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: animacja
sense_list:
The act of animating, or giving life or spirit. | (animation, in the sense of a cartoon) A sequence of still drawings or inanimate objects displayed in rapid succession to create the illusion of movement in motion pictures or computer graphics; the object (film, computer game, etc.) produced | (linguistics) conversion from the inanimate to animate grammatical category


lexentry: eng/animator__Noun__1
written_rep: animator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: animator | animatorka
sense_list:
(art) One who creates an animation or cartoon; a cartoonist. | One who animates something; one who brings something to life or the appearance of life.


lexentry: eng/anime__Noun__1
written_rep: anime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anime
sense_list:
(uncountable) An artistic style originating in, and associated with, Japanese animation, and that has also been adopted by a comparatively low number of animated works from other countries. | (countable) An animated work that originated in Japan, regardless of the artistic style.


lexentry: eng/anise__Noun__1
written_rep: anise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anyż | anise
sense_list:
An umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella anisum) growing naturally in Egypt, and cultivated in Spain, Malta, etc., for its carminative and aromatic seeds, which are used as a spice. It has a licorice scent.


lexentry: eng/aniseed__Noun__1
written_rep: aniseed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anyż | anyżek
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) The seed-like fruit of the anise, used in baking and in the flavouring of liqueurs such as ouzo.


lexentry: eng/anisotropic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anisotropic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anizotropowy
sense_list:
(physics, mathematics) Having properties that differ according to the direction of measurement; exhibiting anisotropy.


lexentry: eng/ankerite__Noun__1
written_rep: ankerite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ankeryt
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of a group of mixed carbonate minerals, principally of calcium with iron, magnesium and manganese.


lexentry: eng/ankh__Noun__1
written_rep: ankh
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anch | ankh
sense_list:
A cross shaped like a T with a loop at the top, the Egyptian hieroglyph representing the Egyptian triliteral ꜥnḫ and often used as an amulet or charm for this concept.


lexentry: eng/ankle__Noun__1
written_rep: ankle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kostka
sense_list:
The skeletal joint which connects the foot with the leg; the uppermost portion of the foot and lowermost portion of the leg, which contain this skeletal joint.


lexentry: eng/anklebone__Noun__1
written_rep: anklebone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kość skokowa
sense_list:
The bone of the ankle, forming the lower part of the ankle joint and joining with the tibia and fibula.


lexentry: eng/ankyloglossia__Noun__1
written_rep: ankyloglossia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łamaniec językowy
sense_list:
(medicine) A congenital oral anomaly in which the lingual frenulum is unusually short and thick, decreasing mobility of the tongue and affecting eating, speech, etc.


lexentry: eng/ankylosaurus__Noun__1
written_rep: ankylosaurus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ankylozaur
sense_list:
A large herbivorous dinosaur, of genus Ankylosaurus, that lived in the Cretaceous period, noted for its heavy armor and club-like tail.


lexentry: eng/anlaut__Noun__1
written_rep: anlaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nagłos
sense_list:
(linguistics) The first sound of a word (word-initial position) or syllable (syllable-initial position).


lexentry: eng/anneal__Verb__1
written_rep: anneal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rozpalać
sense_list:
(metallurgy) To subject to great heat and then (often slow) cooling, and sometimes reheating and further cooling, for the purpose of rendering less brittle; to temper; to toughen.


lexentry: eng/annealing__Noun__1
written_rep: annealing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyżarzanie
sense_list:
The heating of solid metal or glass to high temperatures and cooling it slowly so that its particles arrange into a defined lattice to remove residual stress.


lexentry: eng/annelid__Noun__1
written_rep: annelid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pierścienica
sense_list:
Any of various wormlike animals, of the phylum Annelida, having a segmented body; they include the earthworm and the leech.


lexentry: eng/annex__Noun__1
written_rep: annex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aneks
sense_list:
An addition, an extension. | An appendix to a book or document. | An addition or extension to a building.


lexentry: eng/annihilate__Verb__1
written_rep: annihilate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anihilować
sense_list:
(particle physics) To react with antimatter, producing gamma radiation and (for higher-mass reactants, especially composite particles such as protons) lighter particles (such as pions, muons, and neutrinos).


lexentry: eng/annihilation__Noun__1
written_rep: annihilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: anihilacja
sense_list:
The state of being annihilated. | (physics) The process of a particle and its corresponding antiparticle combining to produce energy.


lexentry: eng/annihilator__Noun__1
written_rep: annihilator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: anihilator
sense_list:
(commutative algebra, of an element (or subset) of an R-module M) That ideal of R whose elements yield zero when multiplied by the given element (or; by the elements of the given subset) of M.


lexentry: eng/anniversary__Noun__1
written_rep: anniversary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rocznica | aniwersarz
sense_list:
A day that is an exact number of years (to the day) since a given significant event occurred. Often preceded by an ordinal number indicating the number of years.


lexentry: eng/annoy__Verb__1
written_rep: annoy
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: irytować
sense_list:
(transitive) To disturb or irritate, especially by continued or repeated acts; to bother with unpleasant deeds.


lexentry: eng/annual__Adjective__1
written_rep: annual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: roczny | coroczny | doroczny | jednoroczny
sense_list:
Of, for, or relating to a whole year, often as a recurring cycle; determined or reckoned by the year; accumulating in the course of a year; performed, executed, or completed over the course of a year. See also circannual.


lexentry: eng/annual__Noun__1
written_rep: annual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rocznik
sense_list:
An annual publication; a book, periodical, journal, report, comic book, yearbook, etc., which is published serially once a year, which may or may not be in addition to regular weekly or monthly publication.


lexentry: eng/annual_leave__Noun__1
written_rep: annual leave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: urlop
sense_list:
(workplace) Amount of time expressed as the number of days per year that an employee is entitled to be away from work.


lexentry: eng/annuity__Noun__1
written_rep: annuity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: emerytura
sense_list:
(insurance, pensions) A right to receive amounts of money regularly over a certain fixed period, in perpetuity, or, especially, over the remaining life or lives of one or more beneficiaries.


lexentry: eng/annul__Verb__1
written_rep: annul
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anulować
sense_list:
(transitive) To formally revoke the validity of. | (transitive) To dissolve (a marital union) on the grounds that it is not valid.


lexentry: eng/annular_eclipse__Noun__1
written_rep: annular eclipse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaćmienie obrączkowe
sense_list:
(astronomy) a solar eclipse in which the thin outer disk of the sun can be seen as a ring around the moon


lexentry: eng/annulment__Noun__1
written_rep: annulment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abolicja | anulowanie | unieważnienie
sense_list:
An act or instance of annulling. | (legal) An invalidation of something, especially a legal contract.


lexentry: eng/annulus__Noun__1
written_rep: annulus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: pierścień kołowy
sense_list:
(botany) A structure surrounding a sporangium (or part of it) which shrinks and causes it to rupture for spore dispersal; specifically, in a fern: a structure around about two-thirds of the sporangium consisting of differentially thick-walled cells which dry and distort the sporangium; and in a moss: a complete ring of cells around the tip of the sporangium which dissolves to cause the tip to detach. | (geometry) The region in a plane between two concentric circles of different radii. | (topology) Any topological space homeomorphic to the region in a plane between two concentric circles of different radii.


lexentry: eng/anocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: anocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anokracja
sense_list:
(politics) A political system which is neither fully democratic nor fully autocratic, often being vulnerable to political instability.


lexentry: eng/anode__Noun__1
written_rep: anode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anoda
sense_list:
(electricity) An electrode, of a cell or other electrically polarized device, through which a positive current of electricity flows inwards (and thus, electrons flow outwards). It can have either a positive or a negative voltage with respect to cathode of the same polarized device (depending on whether the device is a load or a source, respectively).


lexentry: eng/anodontia__Noun__1
written_rep: anodontia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anodoncja | bezzębie | bezzębność
sense_list:
(dentistry, teratology) The congenital absence of some or all primary or permanent teeth, caused by a rare genetic disorder.


lexentry: eng/anoint__Verb__1
written_rep: anoint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: namaszczać
sense_list:
(transitive) To smear or rub over with oil or an unctuous substance; also, to spread over, as oil. | (transitive) To apply oil to or to pour oil upon, etc., as a sacred rite, especially for consecration.


lexentry: eng/anoint__Verb__1
written_rep: anoint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: wybrać
sense_list:
(transitive, historical) To mark somebody as an official ruler, especially a king or queen, as a part of a religious ceremony.


lexentry: eng/anomaly__Noun__1
written_rep: anomaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anomalia | nieprawidłowość
sense_list:
A deviation from a rule or from what is regarded as normal; an outlier. | (science) Any event or measurement that is out of the ordinary regardless of whether it is exceptional or not. | (dated) An irregularity or disproportion.


lexentry: eng/anon__Noun__1
written_rep: anon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karzeł
sense_list:
An anonymous person, traditionally especially a published author but now especially an internet rando.


lexentry: eng/anonymous__Adjective__1
written_rep: anonymous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anonimowy | bezimienny
sense_list:
(not comparable) Lacking a name; not named, for example an animal not assigned to any species . | (not comparable) Without any name acknowledged of a person responsible. | (not comparable) Of unknown name; whose name is withheld | (comparable, figurative) Lacking individuality.


lexentry: eng/anopheles__Noun__1
written_rep: anopheles
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: widliszek
sense_list:
(entomology) Loose terminology for species in the Anopheles genus of mosquitoes, some of which may transmit various parasites, Plasmodium, that are the cause of malaria. More strictly speaking, as Anopheles is a proper name it should be capitalised.


lexentry: eng/anorthosite__Noun__1
written_rep: anorthosite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anortozyt
sense_list:
(rock) A phaneritic, intrusive igneous rock characterized by a predominance of plagioclase feldspar.


lexentry: eng/anoscopy__Noun__1
written_rep: anoscopy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anoskopia
sense_list:
(medicine) An examination using a small, rigid, tubular instrument called an anoscope which is inserted into the anal canal


lexentry: eng/another__Determiner__1
written_rep: another
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kolejny | następny
sense_list:
One more further, in addition to the quantity by then; a second or additional one, similar in likeness or in effect.


lexentry: eng/anoxia__Noun__1
written_rep: anoxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anoksja
sense_list:
(ecology, pathology) A condition in which a body tissue or an environment is severely or totally deprived of oxygen; severe hypoxia.


lexentry: eng/answer__Noun__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpowiedź
sense_list:
A response or reply; something said or done in reaction to a statement or question. | A solution to a problem. | (legal) A document filed in response to a complaint, responding to each point raised in the complaint and raising counterpoints.


lexentry: eng/answer__Verb__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: odpowiadać
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To suit a need or purpose satisfactorily. | (legal) To file a document in response to a complaint.


lexentry: eng/answer__Verb__1
written_rep: answer
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: odpowiadać | odpowiedzieć
sense_list:
To be or act in conformity, or by way of accommodation, correspondence, relation, or proportion; to conform; to correspond; to suit; usually with to. | (obsolete) To be or act as an equivalent to, or as adequate or sufficient for; to serve for; to repay.


lexentry: eng/ant__Noun__1
written_rep: ant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówka
sense_list:
Any of various insects in the family Formicidae in the order Hymenoptera, typically living in large colonies composed almost entirely of flightless females.


lexentry: eng/antacid__Noun__1
written_rep: antacid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwasoodporny
sense_list:
An agent that counteracts or neutralizes acidity, especially in the stomach. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/antagonist__Noun__1
written_rep: antagonist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antagonista | antagonistka
sense_list:
One who antagonizes or stirs. | (authorship) The main character or force opposing the protagonist in a literary work or drama.


lexentry: eng/antagonist__Noun__1
written_rep: antagonist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: antagonista
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A chemical that binds to a receptor but does not produce a physiological response, blocking the action of other agonist chemicals, such as endogenous chemical messengers. | (anatomy) A muscle that acts in opposition to another.


lexentry: eng/ante__Noun__1
written_rep: ante
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stawka
sense_list:
A price or cost, as in up the ante. | (poker) In poker and other games, the contribution made by all players to the pot, often before dealing all the cards.


lexentry: eng/anteater__Noun__1
written_rep: anteater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówkojad
sense_list:
Any of several animals of South and Central America, in the suborder Vermilingua, which are noted for eating ants and termites which they catch with their long sticky tongues, including giant anteater and lesser anteater (also known as collared anteater).


lexentry: eng/antecedent__Noun__1
written_rep: antecedent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: antecedens
sense_list:
(logic) The conditional part of a hypothetical proposition, i.e. p \rightarrow q, where p is the antecedent, and q is the consequent. | (math) The first term of a ratio, i.e. the term a in the ratio a:b, the other being the consequent.


lexentry: eng/antediluvian__Adjective__1
written_rep: antediluvian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przedpotopowy
sense_list:
(biblical) Belonging or pertaining to, or existing in, the time prior to the great flood described in Genesis, or (by extension) to a great or destructive flood or deluge described in other mythologies. | Of attitudes, ideas, etc.: extremely old-fashioned, especially to a laughable extent; antiquated.


lexentry: eng/antefix__Noun__1
written_rep: antefix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antefiks
sense_list:
(architecture) The vertical blocks which terminate the covering tiles of the roof of a Roman, Etruscan, or Greek temple.


lexentry: eng/antelope__Noun__1
written_rep: antelope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antylopa
sense_list:
Any of several African mammals of the family Bovidae distinguished by hollow horns, which, unlike deer, they do not shed.


lexentry: eng/antenna__Noun__1
written_rep: antenna
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antena | czułek
sense_list:
An apparatus to receive or transmit electromagnetic waves and convert respectively to or from an electrical signal.


lexentry: eng/anterior_chamber__Noun__1
written_rep: anterior chamber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: komora przednia gałki ocznej
sense_list:
(anatomy, ophthalmology) A space inside the eye between the cornea and the iris, filled with aqueous humour.


lexentry: eng/anterograde_amnesia__Noun__1
written_rep: anterograde amnesia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amnezja następowa
sense_list:
(pathology) The inability to remember new information from the period beginning the amnesic episode.


lexentry: eng/anthelmintic__Noun__1
written_rep: anthelmintic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: środek przeciwrobaczy
sense_list:
(medicine) A drug for the treatment of worm infestation, either by killing the worms or by causing them to be expelled from the body.


lexentry: eng/anthem__Noun__1
written_rep: anthem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: hymn
sense_list:
A choral or vocal composition, often with a religious or political lyric. | A hymn of praise or loyalty.


lexentry: eng/antheridium__Noun__1
written_rep: antheridium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: plemnia
sense_list:
(botany, mycology) An organ producing male gametes called antherozoids, found in some algae, ferns, and bryophytes.


lexentry: eng/anthill__Noun__1
written_rep: anthill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrowisko
sense_list:
A cone-shaped structure built from sediment and other available materials by ants or white ants (termites), and beneath which the colony nests.


lexentry: eng/anthocyanin__Noun__1
written_rep: anthocyanin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antocyjan | antocyjanina
sense_list:
(botany, organic chemistry) Any of many water-soluble red to violet plant pigments related to the flavonoids (more noticeable in autumn after the chlorophyll decomposes)


lexentry: eng/anthology__Noun__1
written_rep: anthology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antologia
sense_list:
A collection of literary works, such as poems or short stories, especially a collection from various authors.


lexentry: eng/anthracene__Noun__1
written_rep: anthracene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antracen
sense_list:
(organic compound) A tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (an acene containing three fused rings) obtained from coal tar; used in the manufacture of wood preservatives, insecticides and the dye alizarin; it is isomeric with phenanthrene.


lexentry: eng/anthrax__Noun__1
written_rep: anthrax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wąglik | antraks
sense_list:
(pathology) An acute infectious disease of herbivores, especially sheep and cattle, caused by Bacillus anthracis.


lexentry: eng/anthropocentric__Adjective__1
written_rep: anthropocentric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropocentryczny
sense_list:
Placing humans at the center of something, giving preference to humans above all other considerations.


lexentry: eng/anthropocentrism__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropocentrism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropocentryzm
sense_list:
A viewpoint or theory that places human beings at the center of everything, giving preference to human beings above all other considerations.


lexentry: eng/anthropogenic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anthropogenic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropogeniczny
sense_list:
Pertaining to the origin of man, or anthropogeny; anthropogonic. | Having its origin in the influence of human activity on nature.


lexentry: eng/anthropogeography__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropogeography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropogeografia
sense_list:
(anthropology) The study of the geographical distribution of humankind and the relationship between human beings and their environment


lexentry: eng/anthropography__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropografia
sense_list:
The branch of anthropology that deals with the geographical distribution of the human race in its different divisions, as distinguished by physical character, language, institutions, and customs, in contradistinction to ethnography, which deals historically with the origin and filiation of races and nations.


lexentry: eng/anthropology__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropologia
sense_list:
The scientific study of humans, systematically describing the ethnographic, linguistic, archaeological, and evolutionary dimensions of humanity using a holistic methodological framework.


lexentry: eng/anthropometry__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropometria
sense_list:
The science of measuring the human body to ascertain the ranges and averages of dimensions of the human form, for various purposes including physical anthropology, epidemiology, the ergonomics of industrial design, and so on.


lexentry: eng/anthropomorphic__Adjective__1
written_rep: anthropomorphic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropomorficzny
sense_list:
Having the form of a human. | (of anything non-human) Having attributes or characteristics of a human being.


lexentry: eng/anthroposcopy__Noun__1
written_rep: anthroposcopy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antroposkopia
sense_list:
A form of anthropology based upon visual observation of the physical characteristics of the human body.


lexentry: eng/anthroposophy__Noun__1
written_rep: anthroposophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antropozofia
sense_list:
A philosophy founded in the early 20th century by the esotericist Rudolf Steiner (also capitalized as Anthroposophy), postulating the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world accessible to direct experience through inner development.


lexentry: eng/anthropozoonosis__Noun__1
written_rep: anthropozoonosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antropozoonoza
sense_list:
(pathology) Any pathogen that is transmitted from animals to humans. Specifically, it refers to infections that primarily affect animals but can be naturally transmitted to humans.


lexentry: eng/anthurium__Noun__1
written_rep: anthurium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anturium
sense_list:
Any of several tropical American evergreen plants, of the genus Anthurium, grown for their ornamental leaves and spathes.


lexentry: eng/anti-Semitism__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-Semitism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antysemityzm
sense_list:
(narrower sense) Prejudice, discrimination, hostility or political or religious opposition directed against ethnic or religious Jews or against Judaism; antijudaism; judeophobia.


lexentry: eng/anti-gravity__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-gravity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antygrawitacja
sense_list:
(science fiction) Any concept, system or device that would oppose or cancel out the force of gravity.


lexentry: eng/anti-story__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-story
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypowieść
sense_list:
(literature) A work of fiction in which the author breaks in some way the conventional rules of storytelling, usually with some feature (for example, a lack of plot or characters, unusual punctuation, odd subject or presentation, etc.) that strongly challenges the reader's expectations.


lexentry: eng/anti-villain__Noun__1
written_rep: anti-villain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyzłoczyńca
sense_list:
(fiction) An antagonist who has or may have noble or honorable aims, but pursues them destructively.


lexentry: eng/antiatom__Noun__1
written_rep: antiatom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyatom
sense_list:
(particle physics) An antiparticle composed of antiprotons, antineutrons, and positrons. An antimatter equivalent of the atom.


lexentry: eng/antibacchius__Noun__1
written_rep: antibacchius
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antybakch
sense_list:
(poetry) A rare metrical foot consisting of two accented syllables followed by one unaccented syllable.


lexentry: eng/antibiosis__Noun__1
written_rep: antibiosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antybioza
sense_list:
(ecology) An association between organisms that is detrimental (harmful) to one or more of them; especially that due to a metabolic substance produced by one of them.


lexentry: eng/antibiotic__Noun__1
written_rep: antibiotic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antybiotyk
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any substance that can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and similar microorganisms, generally transported by the lymphatic system.


lexentry: eng/anticenter__Noun__1
written_rep: anticenter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antycentrum
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point in the sky opposite to that of the centre of the galaxy (when viewed from Earth) | (geology) antiepicenter


lexentry: eng/antichlor__Noun__1
written_rep: antichlor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antychlor
sense_list:
(chemistry) Any substance used to remove excess chlorine or hypochlorite from textiles etc after bleaching; typically sodium thiosulfate.


lexentry: eng/anticipation__Noun__1
written_rep: anticipation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oczekiwanie
sense_list:
The act of anticipating, taking up, placing, or considering something beforehand, or before the proper time in natural order.


lexentry: eng/anticipation__Noun__1
written_rep: anticipation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: antycypacja
sense_list:
(music) A non-harmonic tone that is lower or higher than a note in the previous chord and a unison to a note in the next chord.


lexentry: eng/anticlimax__Noun__1
written_rep: anticlimax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antygradacja | antyklimaks
sense_list:
(narratology) An unsatisfying resolution to a narrative, usually owing to a deus ex machina or similarly trivial resolution of the main conflict. | (rhetoric) An abrupt descent (either deliberate or unintentional) from the dignity of the idea which the speaker or writer appeared to be aiming for.


lexentry: eng/anticlockwise__Adjective__1
written_rep: anticlockwise
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lewoskrętny | przeciwny do ruchu wskazówek zegara
sense_list:
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, of movement) In a circular fashion so as to be moving to the left at the top of the circle and to the right at the bottom (when viewed from the front), in the opposite direction to the hands of an analog clock.


lexentry: eng/antidisestablishmentarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: antidisestablishmentarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antydisestablishmentaryzm
sense_list:
A political philosophy opposed to the separation of a religious group (church) and a government (state), especially the belief held by those in 19th-century England opposed to separating the Anglican church from the civil government or to refer to separation of church and state. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/antidumping__Adjective__1
written_rep: antidumping
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antydumpingowy
sense_list:
(economics, trading) Intended to combat or prevent dumping, the sale of goods below cost for anticompetitive purposes


lexentry: eng/antienzyme__Noun__1
written_rep: antienzyme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyenzym
sense_list:
Any substance, especially an antibody or another enzyme, that counteracts the effects of a specific enzyme


lexentry: eng/antiferroelectric__Adjective__1
written_rep: antiferroelectric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyferroelektryczny
sense_list:
(physics) Describing a state in which dipoles are arranged antiparallel to adjacent ones, resulting in a net zero polarization


lexentry: eng/antiferromagnetism__Noun__1
written_rep: antiferromagnetism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyferromagnetyzm
sense_list:
(physics) a phenomenon, similar to ferromagnetism, in which magnetic domains line up in a regular pattern, but with neighbouring electron spins pointing in opposite directions; materials showing this effect are either ferrimagnetic or diamagnetic, and become paramagnetic above the Neel temperature


lexentry: eng/antifragility__Noun__1
written_rep: antifragility
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antydelikatność
sense_list:
The ability of a system to benefit and grow from a certain class of random events, errors, and volatility.


lexentry: eng/antihero__Noun__1
written_rep: antihero
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antybohater | antybohaterka
sense_list:
(literature, RPG) A protagonist who proceeds in an unheroic manner, such as by criminal means, via cowardly actions, or for mercenary goals.


lexentry: eng/antihistamine__Noun__1
written_rep: antihistamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lek antyhistaminowy
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) A drug or substance that counteracts the effects of a histamine. Commonly used to alleviate the symptoms of hay fever and other allergies.


lexentry: eng/antihydrogen__Noun__1
written_rep: antihydrogen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antywodór
sense_list:
(particle, uncountable) The antimatter equivalent of hydrogen, consisting of an antiproton and a positron (antielectron).


lexentry: eng/antiking__Noun__1
written_rep: antiking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antykról
sense_list:
(politics) One who declares himself king in opposition to a reigning monarch, especially in an electoral monarchy.


lexentry: eng/antiliterature__Noun__1
written_rep: antiliterature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyliteratura
sense_list:
(literature) Written works that deliberately avoid the typical conventions of literature, such as antinovels, antiplays and antipoems.


lexentry: eng/antilogy__Noun__1
written_rep: antilogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antylogia | oksymoron
sense_list:
(rhetoric) A contradiction in related terms or ideas. Usually an inconsistency in syllogisms, of a person or group supposedly of one set of ideals.


lexentry: eng/antimetabole__Noun__1
written_rep: antimetabole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antymetabola | antymetalepsja | antymetateza
sense_list:
(rhetoric) The technique of repeating a phrase while reversing the order of certain elements or its grammatical structure, as a form of juxtaposition.


lexentry: eng/antimetabolite__Noun__1
written_rep: antimetabolite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antymetabolit
sense_list:
(medicine) Any substance that competes with, or inhibits the normal metabolic process, often by acting as an analogue of an essential metabolite.


lexentry: eng/antimetathesis__Noun__1
written_rep: antimetathesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antymetabola | antymetalepsja | antymetateza
sense_list:
The inversion of the parts of an antithesis, as in "A poem is a speaking picture; a picture, a mute poem" (Crabbe).


lexentry: eng/antimony__Noun__1
written_rep: antimony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antymon
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Sb, from Latin stibium) with an atomic number of 51: in its stable allotrope, a lustrous gray and very brittle metal.


lexentry: eng/antinational__Adjective__1
written_rep: antinational
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynarodowy
sense_list:
(politics) Opposed to one's own nation; unpatriotic. | (politics) Opposed to purely national concerns; not founded on the idea of the nation.


lexentry: eng/antinaturalism__Noun__1
written_rep: antinaturalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynaturalizm
sense_list:
(sociology) The view that the natural world and the social world are different, related to antipositivism.


lexentry: eng/anting__Noun__1
written_rep: anting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówkowanie | kąpiel mrówkowa
sense_list:
(ornithology) The practice of some birds of rubbing live ants or occasionally other items into the feathers, possibly as a means of controlling parasites.


lexentry: eng/antinicotinic__Adjective__1
written_rep: antinicotinic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynikotynowy
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical effect) That inhibits the actions of nicotine and nicotine-like agents on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors


lexentry: eng/antinode__Noun__1
written_rep: antinode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brzuch
sense_list:
(physics) A region of maximum amplitude situated between adjacent nodes of a vibrating body, such as a string.


lexentry: eng/antinomianism__Noun__1
written_rep: antinomianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynomizm
sense_list:
(Christianity) The belief or teaching that because only the spiritual "law of faith" (Romans 3:27) is essential for salvation, obedience to any practical or moral law has no role to play, even as a guide to conduct or as a test of the genuineness of faith.


lexentry: eng/antinomy__Noun__1
written_rep: antinomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sprzeczność
sense_list:
(archaic) A contradiction within a law, or between different laws; also, a contradiction between authorities.


lexentry: eng/antinomy__Noun__1
written_rep: antinomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antynomia | sprzeczność
sense_list:
(specifically, epistemology, logic) In the thought of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804): an apparent contradiction between valid conclusions; a paradox.


lexentry: eng/antinuclear__Adjective__1
written_rep: antinuclear
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antynuklearny
sense_list:
Opposed to the production or use of nuclear weapons, or opposed to the generation of electricity from nuclear power.


lexentry: eng/antiparticle__Noun__1
written_rep: antiparticle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antycząstka
sense_list:
(particle) A subatomic particle corresponding to another particle with the same mass, spin and mean lifetime but with charge, parity, strangeness and other quantum numbers flipped in sign; a particle that has a reversed world line to another.


lexentry: eng/antipasto__Noun__1
written_rep: antipasto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypast
sense_list:
An Italian starter for a meal; normally a cold assortment of salami, cheese, seafood, and vegetables.


lexentry: eng/antipathetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: antipathetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: antypatyczny
sense_list:
Opposed in nature or character; antagonistic. | Causing a feeling of antipathy; repugnant. | (botany) Not easily united by grafting.


lexentry: eng/antipathy__Noun__1
written_rep: antipathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypatia
sense_list:
(uncountable) Often followed by against, between, for, or to: a (deep) feeling of dislike or repugnance, normally towards a person and less often towards a thing, often without any conscious reasoning; aversion, distaste, hostility; (countable) an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/antipattern__Noun__1
written_rep: antipattern
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antywzorzec
sense_list:
(software engineering) A design pattern that may be commonly used, but is ineffective or counterproductive in practice.


lexentry: eng/antiperspirant__Noun__1
written_rep: antiperspirant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyperspirant
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A substance used to minimize sweating or perspiration, and usually applied to the underarm area.


lexentry: eng/antiphonal__Adjective__1
written_rep: antiphonal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyfonalny
sense_list:
(music) Characterized by antiphones or antiphony; incorporating alternate, or responsive singing by a choir split into two parts.


lexentry: eng/antiphony__Noun__1
written_rep: antiphony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyfona
sense_list:
(music, singing) Alternate, or responsive singing by a choir split into two parts; a piece sung or chanted in this manner.


lexentry: eng/antiphrasis__Noun__1
written_rep: antiphrasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyfraza
sense_list:
(rhetoric) Use of a word or phrase in a sense opposite of its literal meaning, especially for ironic or humorous effect.


lexentry: eng/antipodes__Noun__1
written_rep: antipodes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypody
sense_list:
The place on the diametrically opposite side of the earth from a given point. | (UK, now, rare) Australia and New Zealand. | (figuratively, by extension) The opposite of something.


lexentry: eng/antipope__Noun__1
written_rep: antipope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antypapież
sense_list:
(Christianity) A person who claims or claimed to be the pope, usually as the result of a disputed election or deposition, but is not considered by the Roman Catholic Church to be the real pope.


lexentry: eng/antiprism__Noun__1
written_rep: antiprism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antygraniastosłup
sense_list:
A polyhedron composed of two parallel copies of some particular polygon, connected by an alternating band of triangles.


lexentry: eng/antipsychotic__Noun__1
written_rep: antipsychotic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: neuroleptyk
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any of a group of drugs used to treat psychosis or other conditions, chiefly one that acts as an antagonist, partial agonist, or inverse agonist of dopamine receptors in the synapses.


lexentry: eng/antiquary__Noun__1
written_rep: antiquary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antykwariusz | antykwarz | archaista
sense_list:
A person who is knowledgeable of, or who collects antiques (especially one holding an official position); an antiquarian.


lexentry: eng/antique__Adjective__1
written_rep: antique
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyczny
sense_list:
Having existed in ancient times, descended from antiquity; used especially in reference to Greece and Rome. | Belonging to former times, not modern, out of date, old-fashioned.


lexentry: eng/antique_shop__Noun__1
written_rep: antique shop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antykwariat | antykwarnia
sense_list:
(retail) A business dedicated to storing, selling, restoring, and trading in items from previous eras for their superficial and historical value, especially furniture and trinkets.


lexentry: eng/antiquity__Noun__1
written_rep: antiquity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: starożytność | antyk
sense_list:
Ancient times; faraway history; former ages. | The people of ancient times. | (often, constructed as an uncountable plural) A relic or monument of ancient times, such as a coin, a statue, etc.; an ancient institution.


lexentry: eng/antiquity__Noun__1
written_rep: antiquity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: starożytność
sense_list:
(history) The historical period preceding the Middle Ages (c. 500-1500), primarily relating to European history.


lexentry: eng/antirealism__Noun__1
written_rep: antirealism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyrealizm
sense_list:
(philosophy) Any position involving denial of the objective reality of certain entities, or denial that certain general statements are objectively either true or false.


lexentry: eng/antisepsis__Noun__1
written_rep: antisepsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyseptyka
sense_list:
(hygiene) The science and practice of countering microbial infection, as with the use of antiseptics, and the use of aseptic technique.


lexentry: eng/antiseptic__Noun__1
written_rep: antiseptic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyseptyk | środek antyseptyczny
sense_list:
(pharmaceutical drug) Any substance that inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Generally includes only those that are used on living objects (as opposed to disinfectants) and aren't transported by the lymphatic system to destroy bacteria in the body (as opposed to antibiotics).


lexentry: eng/antisocial_personality_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: antisocial personality disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osobowość dyssocjalna
sense_list:
(psychology) A personality disorder marked by antisocial behavior, a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.


lexentry: eng/antistrophe__Noun__1
written_rep: antistrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antystrofa
sense_list:
In Greek choruses and dances, the returning of the chorus, exactly answering to a previous strophe or movement from right to left.


lexentry: eng/antisymmetric__Adjective__1
written_rep: antisymmetric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antysymetryczny
sense_list:
(set theory, order theory, of a binary relation R on a set S) Having the property that, for any two distinct elements of S, at least one is not related to the other via R; equivalently, having the property that, for any x, y ∈ S, if both xRy and yRx then x=y. | (linear algebra, of certain mathematical objects) Whose sign changes on the application of a matrix transpose or some generalisation thereof:


lexentry: eng/antitank__Adjective__1
written_rep: antitank
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeciwpancerny | przeciwczołgowy
sense_list:
(military) Of weapons or tactics, designed for thwarting or (especially) attacking tanks or other armored fighting vehicles.


lexentry: eng/antiterrorism__Noun__1
written_rep: antiterrorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antyterroryzm
sense_list:
(law enforcement, military, often, attributive) Activity aiming at opposing or preventing terrorism.


lexentry: eng/antithetical__Adjective__1
written_rep: antithetical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytetyczny
sense_list:
Pertaining to antithesis, or opposition of words and sentiments; containing, or of the nature of, antithesis; contrasted.


lexentry: eng/antitrinitarian__Adjective__1
written_rep: antitrinitarian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytrynitarski
sense_list:
(theology) Rejecting the Trinitarian doctrine that God subsists as three distinct Persons in the single substance of the Holy Trinity.


lexentry: eng/antitrinitarian__Noun__1
written_rep: antitrinitarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytrynitariusz | antytrynitarz
sense_list:
(theology) One who rejects the doctrine (or dogma) of the Trinity, the trinitarian doctrine. Such a person may be Christian or non-Christian; most Christian denominations are trinitarian.


lexentry: eng/antitrinitarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: antitrinitarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytrynitaryzm
sense_list:
(theology) Rejection of the Trinitarian doctrine that God subsists as three distinct persons in the single substance of the Holy Trinity; nontrinitarianism.


lexentry: eng/antitrust__Adjective__1
written_rep: antitrust
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antymonopolowy
sense_list:
(legal) Opposed to or against the establishment or existence of trusts (monopolies), usually referring to legislation.


lexentry: eng/antitype__Noun__1
written_rep: antitype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytyp
sense_list:
Something that is symbolized or represented by a type, such as Christ by the Paschal Lamb; the fulfillment of a type.


lexentry: eng/antivenom__Noun__1
written_rep: antivenom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antytoksyna | przeciwjad
sense_list:
(medicine) A medicine that counteracts venom, an antidote to biological poisons from venomous animals such as snakes and spiders.


lexentry: eng/antivirus__Noun__1
written_rep: antivirus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antywirus
sense_list:
(computing) A piece of software that is used to detect, delete and or neutralize computer-based viruses.


lexentry: eng/antler__Noun__1
written_rep: antler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: róg | poroże
sense_list:
A deciduous branching and bony structure on the head of deer, moose, and elk, normally in pairs, grown and shed each year. (Compare with horn, which is generally not shed.)


lexentry: eng/antlion__Noun__1
written_rep: antlion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mrówkolew
sense_list:
Any of various species of insects, many of them nocturnal, in the family Myrmeleontidae. The adults superficially resemble the unrelated damselflies. The larvae bury themselves in sand below a cone-shaped pit in which they trap insects such as ants.


lexentry: eng/anus__Noun__1
written_rep: anus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odbyt
sense_list:
(anatomy) The orifice of the rectum in most mammals, teleost fish, and many invertebrates, through which feces and flatus are ejected.


lexentry: eng/anvil__Noun__1
written_rep: anvil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kowadło
sense_list:
A heavy iron block used in the blacksmithing trade as a surface upon which metal can be struck and shaped.


lexentry: eng/anxiety__Noun__1
written_rep: anxiety
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niepokój | trwoga
sense_list:
An unpleasant state of mental uneasiness, nervousness, apprehension and obsession or concern about some uncertain event.


lexentry: eng/anxiety__Noun__1
written_rep: anxiety
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: lęk
sense_list:
(pathology) A state of restlessness and agitation, often accompanied by a distressing sense of oppression or tightness in the stomach.


lexentry: eng/anxious__Adjective__1
written_rep: anxious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zaniepokojony
sense_list:
Having a feeling of anxiety or disquietude; extremely concerned, especially about something that will happen in the future or that is unknown.


lexentry: eng/any__Determiner__1
written_rep: any
part_of_speech: determiner
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jakiś | żaden
sense_list:
(negative polarity item, or, interrogative, chiefly with plural or uncountable nouns) One at all; at least one; at least one kind of; some; a positive quantity of.


lexentry: eng/any_other_business__Phrase__1
written_rep: any other business
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jakieś inne sprawy
sense_list:
The last item on the agenda for a meeting, when any matter not already dealt with may be raised. Abbreviations: a.o.b., AOB.


lexentry: eng/any_port_in_a_storm__Proverb__1
written_rep: any port in a storm
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: każda pomoc jest dobra
sense_list:
(idiomatic) One should accept any passable option when time is of the essence in an adverse situation.


lexentry: eng/anyhow__Adjective__1
written_rep: anyhow
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jakkolwiek | w jakikolwiek sposób
sense_list:
(Singapore, Singlish, predicative) Random, careless, offhand, disorderly; done without thought or consideration.


lexentry: eng/aorist__Noun__1
written_rep: aorist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aoryst
sense_list:
(grammar) A verb paradigm found in certain languages, usually an unmarked form or one that expresses the perfective or aorist aspect.


lexentry: eng/aorist_aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: aorist aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aoryst
sense_list:
(grammar) A temporal feature of the verb which denotes the speaker's standpoint of the event described by the verb, as from outside of the event and seeing it as a completed whole.


lexentry: eng/aorta__Noun__1
written_rep: aorta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aorta
sense_list:
(anatomy) The great artery which carries the blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main trunk of the arterial system.


lexentry: eng/aortic_arch__Noun__1
written_rep: aortic arch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łuk aorty
sense_list:
(anatomy) The curving portion of the aorta that bends between the ascending aorta and the descending aorta, from which the brachiocephalic artery, left carotid artery, and left subclavian artery arise.


lexentry: eng/apanage__Noun__1
written_rep: apanage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apanaże
sense_list:
(historical) A grant (especially by a sovereign) of land (or other source of revenue) as a birthright.


lexentry: eng/apartment__Noun__1
written_rep: apartment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mieszkanie
sense_list:
(chiefly, North America, Australia, Philippines) A complete domicile occupying only part of a building, especially one for rent; a flat.


lexentry: eng/apastron__Noun__1
written_rep: apastron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apastron
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point of greatest separation between a celestial object and the star which it orbits.


lexentry: eng/apatheia__Noun__1
written_rep: apatheia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apatia
sense_list:
(philosophy) A state of mind in Stoic philosophy in which one is free from emotional disturbance; the freedom from all passions.


lexentry: eng/apatheism__Noun__1
written_rep: apatheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apateizm
sense_list:
(religion) Apathy towards the existence of a god; belief that the question of the existence of a god is unimportant.


lexentry: eng/apathy__Noun__1
written_rep: apathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apatia | tępota
sense_list:
Lack of emotion or motivation; lack of interest or enthusiasm towards something; disinterest (in something).


lexentry: eng/apatite__Noun__1
written_rep: apatite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apatyt
sense_list:
(mineral) A calcium fluoride phosphate of variable composition, sometimes used in the manufacture of fertilizer, as a gemstone, and (in powdered form) as a pigment, and also produced biologically in bones and teeth.


lexentry: eng/ape__Noun__1
written_rep: ape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: małpa | małpa człekokształtna
sense_list:
A primate of the clade Hominoidea, generally larger than monkeys and distinguished from them by having no tail.


lexentry: eng/apeman__Noun__1
written_rep: apeman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pitekantrop
sense_list:
A prehistoric man resembling an ape, especially one held to be a precursor to modern humans; a non-human australopithecine.


lexentry: eng/aperture__Noun__1
written_rep: aperture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apertura | przesłona | przysłona
sense_list:
(astronomy, photography) The diameter of such a hole which restricts the width of the lightpath through the whole system. For a telescope, this is the diameter of the objective lens.


lexentry: eng/apex__Noun__1
written_rep: apex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apeks
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point on the celestial sphere toward which the Sun appears to move relative to nearby stars.


lexentry: eng/apex__Noun__1
written_rep: apex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczyt
sense_list:
(botany) The end of a leaf, petal or similar organ opposed to the end where it is attached to its support.


lexentry: eng/aphanitic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aphanitic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afanitowy
sense_list:
(geology, petrology) Pertaining to aphanites, igneous rocks composed of microscopic mineral crystals (fine grains too small to be visible to the naked eye.


lexentry: eng/aphantasia__Noun__1
written_rep: aphantasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afantazja
sense_list:
(psychology, pathology) A condition where one does not possess a functioning "mind's eye" and cannot visualize imagery.


lexentry: eng/aphasia__Noun__1
written_rep: aphasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afazja
sense_list:
(pathology) A partial or total loss of language skills due to brain damage. Usually, damage to the left perisylvian region, including Broca's area and Wernicke's area, causes aphasia.


lexentry: eng/aphelion__Noun__1
written_rep: aphelion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aphelium | afelium
sense_list:
(astronomy, also, figuratively) The point in the elliptical orbit of a comet, planet, or other astronomical object, where it is farthest from the Sun.


lexentry: eng/apheresis__Noun__1
written_rep: apheresis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afereza
sense_list:
(phonetics, linguistics, prosody) Elision, suppression, or complete loss of a letter or sound (syllable) from the beginning of a word, such as the development of special from especial.


lexentry: eng/aphotic_zone__Noun__1
written_rep: aphotic zone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strefa afotyczna
sense_list:
(oceanography) That part of the deep body of an ocean or lake that receives insufficient sunlight for photosynthesis to be possible.


lexentry: eng/aplanat__Noun__1
written_rep: aplanat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplanat
sense_list:
(optics) A lens that has been corrected for spherical aberration and coma in order to produce a rectilinear image.


lexentry: eng/aplanatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aplanatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplanatyczny
sense_list:
(optics, of an optical system) Free from, or corrected for, spherical aberration and chromatic aberration


lexentry: eng/aplasia__Noun__1
written_rep: aplasia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplazja
sense_list:
(pathology) A condition marked by the incomplete development, or entire absence, of an organ or tissue.


lexentry: eng/aplastic_anemia__Noun__1
written_rep: aplastic anemia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anemia aplastyczna | niedokrwistość aplastyczna
sense_list:
(disease, hematology) A rare disease in which the bone marrow and the hematopoietic stem cells that reside there are damaged, causing pancytopenia.


lexentry: eng/aplomb__Noun__1
written_rep: aplomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplomb
sense_list:
Self-confidence; poise; composure. | (ballet) The apparent elegance and precision exhibited by a confident, accomplished dancer.


lexentry: eng/apnea__Noun__1
written_rep: apnea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bezdech
sense_list:
(pathology) The cessation of breathing, most often in reference to transient instances thereof during sleep.


lexentry: eng/apocalypse__Noun__1
written_rep: apocalypse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apokalipsa
sense_list:
A huge disaster; a cataclysmic event; destruction or ruin of large scope and scale. [from 19th c.] | (Christianity) The unveiling of events prophesied in the Revelation; the second coming and the end of life on Earth; global destruction. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/apocatastasis__Noun__1
written_rep: apocatastasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apokatastaza
sense_list:
(especially, religion, rare) An apocalypse leading to the remaking of the world rather than a Final Judgment, (Christianity) an Origenist doctrine condemned by the 543 C.E. Synod of Constantinople.


lexentry: eng/apocrypha__Noun__2
written_rep: apocrypha
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apokryf
sense_list:
Something, as a writing, that is of doubtful authorship or authority (formerly also used attributively).


lexentry: eng/apocryphal__Adjective__1
written_rep: apocryphal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apokryficzny | apokryfowy
sense_list:
(Christianity) Of, or pertaining to, the Apocrypha. | (by extension) Of dubious veracity; of questionable accuracy or truthfulness; anecdotal or in the nature of an urban legend.


lexentry: eng/apogee__Noun__1
written_rep: apogee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apogeum
sense_list:
(astronomy) The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is farthest from the Earth: the apoapsis of an Earth orbiter.


lexentry: eng/apolipoprotein__Noun__1
written_rep: apolipoprotein
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apolipoproteina
sense_list:
(protein) Any polypeptide or protein that can serve as an apoprotein by binding with a lipid to form a lipoprotein.


lexentry: eng/apologetics__Noun__1
written_rep: apologetics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apologetyka
sense_list:
The field of study concerned with the systematic defense of a position, or of religious or occult doctrines.


lexentry: eng/apologize__Verb__1
written_rep: apologize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepraszać | apologizować | przeprosić
sense_list:
(intransitive, often followed by “for”) To make an apology or excuse; to acknowledge some fault or offense, with expression of regret for it, by way of amends | (intransitive, dated) To make an apologia or defense; to act as apologist.


lexentry: eng/apology__Noun__1
written_rep: apology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeprosiny | przeproszenie
sense_list:
An expression of remorse or regret for having said or done something that harmed another: an instance of apologizing (saying that one is sorry).


lexentry: eng/apomixis__Noun__1
written_rep: apomixis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apomiksja
sense_list:
(botany) Plant reproduction without fertilization, meiosis, or the production of gametes. | (zoology) Animal reproduction in which the egg cell does not undergo meiosis or fertilization.


lexentry: eng/apophatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: apophatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apofatyczny
sense_list:
(theology) Pertaining to knowledge of God obtained through negation rather than positive assertions.


lexentry: eng/apophysis__Noun__1
written_rep: apophysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apofiza
sense_list:
(anatomy) A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; a protuberance on a bone. | (botany) The external part of a cone scale. | (geology) A branch of a dike or vein.


lexentry: eng/apoptosis__Noun__1
written_rep: apoptosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apoptoza
sense_list:
(biology, cytology) A process of programmed cell death by which cells undergo an ordered sequence of events which leads to death of the cell, as occurs during growth and development of the organism, as a part of normal cell aging, or as a response to cellular injury. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/aporia__Noun__1
written_rep: aporia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aporia
sense_list:
(rhetoric) An expression of deliberation with oneself regarding uncertainty or doubt as to how to proceed. | (philosophy, post-structuralism) An insoluble contradiction, especially in a text's meaning; a logical impasse suggested by a text or speaker.


lexentry: eng/aposematism__Noun__1
written_rep: aposematism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aposematyczne | ubarwienie ostrzegawcze
sense_list:
(biology, chiefly, zoology) An adaptation, especially a form of coloration, that warns off potential predators.


lexentry: eng/aposiopesis__Noun__1
written_rep: aposiopesis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aposjopeza | apozjopeza
sense_list:
(rhetoric) An abrupt breaking-off in speech, often indicated in print using an ellipsis (…) or an em dash (—).


lexentry: eng/apostle__Noun__1
written_rep: apostle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apostoł | apostołka
sense_list:
A missionary, or leader of a religious mission, especially one in the early Christian Church (but see Apostle).


lexentry: eng/apostle__Noun__1
written_rep: apostle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: apostoł
sense_list:
A top-ranking ecclesiastical official in the twelve seat administrative council of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.


lexentry: eng/apostolic__Adjective__1
written_rep: apostolic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apostolski | papieski
sense_list:
(Christianity) Pertaining to apostles or their practice or teaching; pertaining to the apostles (of early Christianity) or their teachings.


lexentry: eng/apostolic_succession__Noun__1
written_rep: apostolic succession
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sukcesja apostolska
sense_list:
(Christianity) The unbroken chain of consecrations by laying on of hands from the Apostles of Jesus Christ to the bishops, and from to bishop to bishop through the ages.


lexentry: eng/apostrophe__Noun__1
written_rep: apostrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apostrof | apostrofa
sense_list:
(orthography) The text character ’, which serves as a punctuation mark in various languages and as a diacritical mark in certain rare contexts.


lexentry: eng/apostrophe__Noun__2
written_rep: apostrophe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apostrofa
sense_list:
(rhetoric) A sudden exclamatory piece of dialogue addressed to someone or something, especially absent.


lexentry: eng/apothecium__Noun__1
written_rep: apothecium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apotecjum | miseczka
sense_list:
(lichenology, mycology) A type of fructification of some ascomycete fungi, forming cyst structures of various shapes. Often the fungal components of lichens have this sort of fertile structure.


lexentry: eng/apothem__Noun__1
written_rep: apothem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apotema
sense_list:
(geometry) The perpendicular distance from the center of a circle to a chord of the same circle. | (geometry) The distance from the center of a regular polygon perpendicular to one of its sides (a special case of the above).


lexentry: eng/apotropaism__Noun__1
written_rep: apotropaism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apotropaizm
sense_list:
(religion, mysticism) The use of ritual or other magical means (including charms and/or incantations) to avert evil or bad luck.


lexentry: eng/app__Noun__1
written_rep: app
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apka | aplikacja
sense_list:
(computing, mobile phones) An application (program), especially a small one designed for a mobile device.


lexentry: eng/apparatchik__Noun__1
written_rep: apparatchik
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aparatczyk
sense_list:
(historical) A member of the Soviet apparat; a Communist bureaucrat or agent. [from 20th c.] | (by extension) A blindly loyal bureaucrat. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/apparatus__Noun__1
written_rep: apparatus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aparat | aparatura | instrumentarium
sense_list:
The entirety of means whereby a specific production is made existent or task accomplished. | (collective) An assortment of tools and instruments.


lexentry: eng/apparatus__Noun__1
written_rep: apparatus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aparat
sense_list:
A complex machine or instrument. | A bureaucratic organization, especially one influenced by political patronage.


lexentry: eng/apparent__Adjective__1
written_rep: apparent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pozorny
sense_list:
Appearing to the eye or mind (distinguished from, but not necessarily opposed to, true or real); seeming.


lexentry: eng/apparition__Noun__1
written_rep: apparition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zjawa
sense_list:
An unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural appearance; especially, one by a ghost, phantom, or suchlike; the entity itself.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Noun__1
written_rep: appeal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apelacja | rewizja
sense_list:
An application to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Verb__1
written_rep: appeal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apelować | odwołać się | odwoływać się | zaapelować
sense_list:
(intransitive) Often followed by against (the inferior court's decision) or to (the superior court): to apply to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned.


lexentry: eng/appeal__Verb__1
written_rep: appeal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apelować | podobać się | spodobać się | zaapelować
sense_list:
(intransitive) To call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one's rights; to entreat, to invoke.


lexentry: eng/appear__Verb__1
written_rep: appear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: stanąć | stawić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To stand in presence of some authority, tribunal, or superior person, to answer a charge, plead a cause, etc.; to present oneself as a party or advocate before a court, or as a person to be tried.


lexentry: eng/appearance__Noun__1
written_rep: appearance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: wygląd | aparycja | powierzchowność
sense_list:
(legal) An instance of someone coming into a court of law to be part of a trial, lawsuit or other proceeding, either in person or represented by an attorney or such like; a court appearance


lexentry: eng/appellate__Adjective__1
written_rep: appellate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apelacyjny
sense_list:
That can be (legally) appealed to, especially of a court that hears appeals of decisions by a lower court.


lexentry: eng/apperceive__Verb__1
written_rep: apperceive
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: apercepcja
sense_list:
(psychology) To be aware of perceiving; to understand a perception by linking it mentally with a mass of existing ideas of the same object.


lexentry: eng/apperception__Noun__1
written_rep: apperception
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apercepcja
sense_list:
(uncountable, psychology, and, philosophy, especially Kantianism) The mind's perception of itself as the subject or actor in its own states, unifying past and present experiences; self-consciousness, perception that reflects upon itself. | (uncountable) Psychological or mental perception; recognition.


lexentry: eng/apperception__Noun__1
written_rep: apperception
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: apercepcja | samoświadomość
sense_list:
(countable, psychology) The general process or a particular act of mental assimilation of new experience into the totality of one's past experience.


lexentry: eng/applause__Noun__1
written_rep: applause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplauz | poklask | oklaski | brawa
sense_list:
The act of applauding; approbation and praise publicly expressed by the clapping of hands, stamping or tapping of the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other means; marked commendation.


lexentry: eng/apple-corer__Noun__1
written_rep: apple-corer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drylownica do jabłek | wydrążacz do jabłek
sense_list:
A tool used to remove the apple core from an apple for use in cooking; some forms of the tool segment the apple at the same time as removing its core.


lexentry: eng/apple__Noun__1
written_rep: apple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: jabłko
sense_list:
A tree of the genus Malus; especially Malus domestica which is cultivated for its edible fruit; the apple tree. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/apple_cider_vinegar__Noun__1
written_rep: apple cider vinegar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ocet jabłkowy
sense_list:
A vinegar, made from cider or apple must along with yeast and bacteria, that has been matured in wooden barrels.


lexentry: eng/apple_core__Noun__1
written_rep: apple core
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ogryzek
sense_list:
The central portion of an apple containing the seeds and where the stem attaches (and the opposed end). Particularly the portion that remains after the main part of the fruit has been eaten.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_Sodom__Noun__1
written_rep: apple of Sodom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mleczara wyniosła
sense_list:
A mudar (Calotropis procera), a flowering plant, found from northern Africa to southeast Asia, which bears poisonous fruit.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_discord__Noun__1
written_rep: apple of discord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kość niezgody | jabłko niezgody
sense_list:
An object or topic which sows anger and dissension; something which causes argument, rivalry, or strife.


lexentry: eng/apple_of_someone's_eye__Noun__1
written_rep: apple of someone's eye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oczko w głowie
sense_list:
(idiomatic) The object of somebody's affections; a person (or sometimes a thing) that someone strongly prefers; a favorite, a loved one.


lexentry: eng/apple_snail__Noun__1
written_rep: apple snail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ampularia
sense_list:
Any of the large freshwater snails of the family Ampullariidae, some of which are the size of an apple.


lexentry: eng/apple_turnover__Noun__1
written_rep: apple turnover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jabłecznik
sense_list:
A pastry dessert filled with pieces of sweetened apples, with the pastry folded over to enclose the filling.


lexentry: eng/apples_and_oranges__Noun__1
written_rep: apples and oranges
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dwie różne rzeczy
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A comparison of items that, however categorically similar, is inapt; an incompatible analogy, or the items so compared; a disanalogy.


lexentry: eng/applet__Noun__1
written_rep: applet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplet
sense_list:
(computing) A small program module that runs under the control of a larger application, typically a web browser.


lexentry: eng/appliance__Noun__1
written_rep: appliance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: urządzenie
sense_list:
A non-manual apparatus or device, powered electrically or by another small motor, used in homes to perform domestic functions (household appliance) and/or in offices.


lexentry: eng/applicate__Noun__1
written_rep: applicate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: współrzędna Z
sense_list:
(mathematics) The z-coordinate (the last of the three terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of Cartesian coordinates for a three-dimensional space)


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
written_rep: application
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplikacja
sense_list:
The act of applying or laying on, in a literal sense | The act of directing or referring something to a particular case, to discover or illustrate agreement or disagreement, fitness, or correspondence. | (bureaucracy, legal) A petition, entreaty, or other request, with the adposition for denoting the subject matter. | The act of requesting, claiming, or petitioning something. | (comptheory) The substitution of a specific value for the parameter in the abstraction, in lambda calculus.


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
written_rep: application
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: aplikacja | program komputerowy
sense_list:
(computing) A computer program or the set of software that the end user perceives as a single entity as a tool for a well-defined purpose. (Also called: application program; application software.)


lexentry: eng/application__Noun__1
written_rep: application
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: aplikacja | wniosek
sense_list:
A verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school, course or similar.


lexentry: eng/applied_linguistics__Noun__1
written_rep: applied linguistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lingwistyka stosowana
sense_list:
(linguistics) The interdisciplinary field of linguistics that identifies, investigates and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems.


lexentry: eng/applique__Noun__1
written_rep: applique
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aplika | aplikacja
sense_list:
(arts) A decorative design made by cutting pieces of material and applying them to the surface of another for decoration.


lexentry: eng/apply__Verb__1
written_rep: apply
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: zgłosić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To submit oneself as a candidate (with the adposition "to" or "at" designating the recipient of the submission, and the adposition "for" designating the position).


lexentry: eng/appoint__Verb__1
written_rep: appoint
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: umawiać | umówić
sense_list:
(transitive, legal) To fix the disposition of (property) by designating someone to take use of (it).


lexentry: eng/appointment__Noun__1
written_rep: appointment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: przeznaczenie | wizyta
sense_list:
(government) The assignment of a person by an official to perform a duty, such as a presidential appointment of a judge to a court.


lexentry: eng/apport__Noun__1
written_rep: apport
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aport
sense_list:
(parapsychology) The supposed paranormal transference of an object from one place to another, or the appearance of an object from an unknown source, often associated with poltergeist activity and séances. | (parapsychology) An object that appears from an unknown source.


lexentry: eng/apportionment__Noun__1
written_rep: apportionment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aport
sense_list:
(US) The distribution of members of the House of Representatives according to the population of the various states.


lexentry: eng/apposition__Noun__1
written_rep: apposition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apozycja
sense_list:
(grammar) A construction in which one noun or noun phrase is placed with another as an explanatory equivalent, both of them having the same syntactic function in the sentence. | (biology) The growth of successive layers of a cell wall.


lexentry: eng/appreciation__Noun__1
written_rep: appreciation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: uznanie
sense_list:
A fair valuation or estimate of merit, worth, weight, etc.; recognition of excellence; gratitude and esteem.


lexentry: eng/apprenticeship__Noun__1
written_rep: apprenticeship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nauczanie
sense_list:
The condition of, or the time served by, an apprentice. | The system by which a person learning a craft or trade is instructed by a master for a set time under set conditions.


lexentry: eng/approach__Noun__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dojazd | podjazd
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) An avenue, passage, or way by which a building or place can be approached; an access.


lexentry: eng/approach__Verb__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: podchodzić | nadciągać | nadciągnąć | podejść | zbliżać się | zbliżyć się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To come or go near, in place or time; to move toward; to advance nearer; to draw nigh. | (ambitransitive, figuratively) Used intransitively, followed by to: to draw near (to someone or something); to make advances; to approximate or become almost equal.


lexentry: eng/approaches__Noun__1
written_rep: approaches
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przybliżenie
sense_list:
Movements to gain favour; advances. | (military) The covered roads, trenches, or other works made by besiegers or soldiers in their advances toward a place such as a fortress or military post.


lexentry: eng/approbation__Noun__1
written_rep: approbation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aprobata
sense_list:
The act of approving; an assenting to the propriety of a thing with some degree of pleasure or satisfaction; approval, sanction, commendation or official recognition.


lexentry: eng/appropriate__Adjective__1
written_rep: appropriate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: stosowny
sense_list:
Suitable to the social situation or to social respect or social discreetness; socially correct; socially discreet; well-mannered; proper.


lexentry: eng/appropriate__Verb__1
written_rep: appropriate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przywłaszczyć sobie
sense_list:
(transitive) To set apart for, or assign to, a particular person or use, especially in exclusion of all others; with to or for.


lexentry: eng/approval__Noun__1
written_rep: approval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zatwierdzenie | zgoda
sense_list:
An expression granting permission; an indication of agreement with a proposal; an acknowledgement that a person, thing, or event meets requirements.


lexentry: eng/approve__Verb__1
written_rep: approve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aprobować | zaaprobować
sense_list:
(transitive, archaic) To make proof of; to demonstrate; to prove or show practically. | (intransitive, followed by "of") To consider worthy (to); to be pleased (with); to accept.


lexentry: eng/approximation__Noun__1
written_rep: approximation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aproksymacja
sense_list:
(linguistics) The act of producing a near-simulation of the pronunciation of a foreign language for a loanword therefrom, or any given pronunciation resulting from that act. | (mathematics) An imprecise solution or result that is adequate for a defined purpose.


lexentry: eng/apraxia__Noun__1
written_rep: apraxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apraksja
sense_list:
(neurology) Total or partial loss of the ability to perform coordinated movements or manipulate objects in the absence of motor or sensory impairment; specifically, a disorder of motor planning.


lexentry: eng/apriorism__Noun__1
written_rep: apriorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aprioryzm
sense_list:
(philosophy) The idea that some knowledge of the physical world can be derived logically from general principles.


lexentry: eng/apse__Noun__1
written_rep: apse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apsyda | absyda
sense_list:
(architecture) A semicircular projection from a building, especially the rounded east end of a church that contains the altar.


lexentry: eng/apsis__Noun__1
written_rep: apsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apsyda | absyda
sense_list:
(architecture) A recess or projection, with a dome or vault, at the east end of a church; an apse. | (astronomy) Either of the points in the elliptical orbit of a planet, comet, or moon where it is closest or furthest from the body it orbits; examples are perihelion, aphelion, perigee, and apogee


lexentry: eng/aptamer__Noun__1
written_rep: aptamer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aptamer
sense_list:
(biochemistry, genetics) Any subsequence of nucleic acid or protein, selected from a large random sequence-pool, used to bind to a specific target molecule.


lexentry: eng/aqua_regia__Noun__1
written_rep: aqua regia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: woda królewska
sense_list:
(inorganic compound, archaic) A mixture of three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid to one part concentrated nitric acid, named for its ability to dissolve gold.


lexentry: eng/aquafaba__Noun__1
written_rep: aquafaba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwafaba | aquafaba
sense_list:
(cooking, neologism) The liquid left over from boiling chickpeas or similar beans, or from a can of chickpeas.


lexentry: eng/aqualung__Noun__1
written_rep: aqualung
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwalung
sense_list:
(underwater diving) A piece of equipment consisting of an oxygen tank and breathing apparatus used by divers to allow them to breathe underwater.


lexentry: eng/aquamanile__Noun__1
written_rep: aquamanile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwamanila
sense_list:
(historical) A ewer or jug-like vessel, shaped like an animal or human figure, used for washing the hands.


lexentry: eng/aquamarine__Noun__1
written_rep: aquamarine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwamaryn | akwamaryna
sense_list:
The bluish-green colour of the sea. | A transparent bluish-green, sometimes yellow-green, variety of beryl.


lexentry: eng/aquaplane__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaplane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwaplan
sense_list:
(originally, US, water sports) A board on which a person stands to ride for leisure which is pulled on a water surface by a motorboat.


lexentry: eng/aquaplaning__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaplaning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwaplanacja
sense_list:
(automotive, UK) The loss of contact with the road because of surface water; the act of aquaplaning.


lexentry: eng/aquaponics__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaponics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwaponika
sense_list:
(agriculture) A sustainable food production system that combines traditional aquaculture with hydroponics, with effluent from the water in which fish are reared being used as nutrition for plants.


lexentry: eng/aquaporin__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaporin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwaporyny
sense_list:
(protein) Any of a class of proteins that form water-permeable pores in the membrane of biological cells.


lexentry: eng/aquarium__Noun__1
written_rep: aquarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwarium
sense_list:
A tank, often made of glass, for keeping live fish or other aquatic animals. | A public place where live fish and other aquatic animals are exhibited.


lexentry: eng/aquatint__Noun__1
written_rep: aquatint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwatinta | akwatynta
sense_list:
A form of etching with acid on a plate partially covered with varnish that produces a print somewhat resembling a watercolour. | An etching or print made using this method.


lexentry: eng/aqueduct__Noun__1
written_rep: aqueduct
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akwedukt | wodociąg
sense_list:
An artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another. | A structure carrying water over a river or depression, especially an ancient structure.


lexentry: eng/arabesque__Noun__1
written_rep: arabesque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arabeska
sense_list:
(art, architecture, also, attributively) An elaborate design of intertwined floral figures or complex geometrical patterns, mainly used in Islamic art and architecture. | (music) An ornate composition, especially for the piano.


lexentry: eng/arable__Adjective__1
written_rep: arable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orny
sense_list:
(agriculture, of land) Able to be plowed or tilled, capable of growing crops (traditionally contrasted with pasturable lands such as heaths). | (agriculture, NGO, _, jargon, of land) Under cultivation (within any quinquennial period) for the production of crops sown and harvested within the same agricultural year (contrasted with permanently-cropped lands such as orchards).


lexentry: eng/arachidonic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: arachidonic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas arachidonowy
sense_list:
(fatty acid) A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, having 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds, found in animal fats; it is essential for human nutrition, being a precursor to the production of prostaglandins.


lexentry: eng/arachnoid_mater__Noun__1
written_rep: arachnoid mater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opona pajęcza
sense_list:
(anatomy) The middle layer of the meninges; a membrane that protects the brain and spinal cord below the dura mater and above the subarachnoid space and the pia mater.


lexentry: eng/aragonite__Noun__1
written_rep: aragonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aragonit
sense_list:
(mineral) An evaporite consisting of anhydrous calcium carbonate with the chemical formula CaCO3 and occurring in pearls, shells and nacre; it is dimorphous with calcite.


lexentry: eng/arak__Noun__1
written_rep: arak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arak
sense_list:
A clear, unsweetened aniseed-flavoured alcoholic drink, produced and consumed primarily in the Levant.


lexentry: eng/arbitrage__Noun__1
written_rep: arbitrage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arbitraż | rozjemstwo
sense_list:
(finance) A market activity in which a security, commodity, currency or other tradable item is bought in one market and sold simultaneously in another, in order to profit from price differences between the markets.


lexentry: eng/arbitrary__Adjective__1
written_rep: arbitrary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arbitralny | dowolny | umowny
sense_list:
(usually, of a decision) Based on individual discretion or judgment; not based on any objective distinction, perhaps even made at random.


lexentry: eng/arbitration__Noun__1
written_rep: arbitration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arbitraż
sense_list:
The act or process of arbitrating. | A process through which two or more parties use an arbitrator or arbiter in order to resolve a dispute.


lexentry: eng/arbor__Noun__1
written_rep: arbor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: altana
sense_list:
A shady sitting place or pergola usually in a park or garden, surrounded by climbing shrubs, vines or other vegetation.


lexentry: eng/arborio_rice__Noun__1
written_rep: arborio rice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arborio
sense_list:
A northern Italian variety of short-grained starchy rice with a white dot at the center of each grain, commonly used in risotto.


lexentry: eng/arborvitae__Noun__1
written_rep: arborvitae
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żywotnik
sense_list:
Any of several North American or Asian conifers, of the genera Thuja and Thujopsis or the species Platycladus orientalis, grown for timber or ornament.


lexentry: eng/arc__Noun__1
written_rep: arc
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: łuk
sense_list:
(geometry) A continuous part of the circumference of a circle (circular arc) or of another curve. [from 16th c.] | A curve, in general. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/arch-__Prefix__1
written_rep: arch-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archi- | arcy-
sense_list:
A title in a hierarchy which indicates a higher degree of rank than its root word. | Leading, foremost, primary, or principal. | (augmentative) Intensely, extremely, or exceptionally.


lexentry: eng/arch__Noun__1
written_rep: arch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łuk
sense_list:
An inverted U shape. | An arch-shaped arrangement of trapezoidal stones, designed to redistribute downward force outward. | (architecture) An architectural element having the shape of an arch | (anatomy) The curved part of the bottom of a foot.


lexentry: eng/archaeophyte__Noun__1
written_rep: archaeophyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archeofit
sense_list:
(botany) A plant which was introduced to an area by humans (or arrived naturally, but from an area in which it was present as a human introduction) and became naturalized before 1500 C.E. (but especially in prehistoric times).


lexentry: eng/archaic__Adjective__1
written_rep: archaic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archaiczny
sense_list:
Of or characterized by antiquity; old-fashioned, quaint, antiquated. | (archaeology) Belonging to the archaic period.


lexentry: eng/archaic_smile__Noun__1
written_rep: archaic smile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archaiczny uśmiech
sense_list:
(Ancient Greece, art, sculpture, historical) A smiling facial expression commonly found on Greek statues of the Archaic period (circa 700–500 B.C.E.).


lexentry: eng/archangel__Noun__1
written_rep: archangel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archanioł
sense_list:
A powerful angel that leads many other angels, but is still loyal to a deity, and often seen as belonging to a particular archangelical rank or order within a greater hierarchy of angels. (Judeo-Christian examples: Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, Uriel).


lexentry: eng/archbishop__Noun__1
written_rep: archbishop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arcybiskup
sense_list:
A senior bishop who is in charge of an archdiocese, and presides over a group of dioceses called a province (in Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, etc.)


lexentry: eng/archconfraternity__Noun__1
written_rep: archconfraternity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archikonfraternia | arcybractwo
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A religious confraternity that, as a special concession of the Holy See, can join or affiliate with, and extend privileges to, other similar brotherhoods.


lexentry: eng/archdeacon__Noun__1
written_rep: archdeacon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archidiakon
sense_list:
(Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy) A senior administrative official in a diocese, just under the bishop, often in charge of an archdeaconry. As a title, it can be filled by either a deacon or priest.


lexentry: eng/archduchess__Noun__1
written_rep: archduchess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arcyksiężna | arcyksiężniczka
sense_list:
A daughter or granddaughter of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, or the wife of a son or grandson of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary


lexentry: eng/archegonium__Noun__1
written_rep: archegonium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rodnia
sense_list:
(botany) A multicellular reproductive structure that contains a large, non-motile gamete (egg cell), and within which an embryo will develop.


lexentry: eng/archeopteryx__Noun__1
written_rep: archeopteryx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archeopteryks
sense_list:
A specimen of the species Archaeopteryx lithographica, being the earliest and most primitive known bird, representing a transition in the evolution of dinosaurs to birds.


lexentry: eng/archerfish__Noun__1
written_rep: archerfish
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strzelczyk
sense_list:
Any of the species of fish in the family Toxotidae (usually with sole genus Toxotes), who prey on small animals near to the surface of a water by shooting them with water from their mouths.


lexentry: eng/archetype__Noun__1
written_rep: archetype
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archetyp
sense_list:
An original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned; a prototype. [from mid 16th c.] | (literature) A character, object, or story that is based on a known character, object, or story. | (psychology) According to Swiss psychologist Carl Jung: a universal pattern of thought, present in an individual's unconscious, inherited from the past collective experience of humanity.


lexentry: eng/archicortex__Noun__1
written_rep: archicortex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kora stara
sense_list:
(anatomy) Part of the allocortex, specifically three layered hippocampal cortexes necessary for hippocampus formation


lexentry: eng/archimandrite__Noun__1
written_rep: archimandrite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archimandryta
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodoxy) The superior of a large monastery, or group of monasteries, in the Orthodox Church. | (Eastern Orthodoxy, rarely, Catholicism) An honorary title sometimes given to a monastic priest.


lexentry: eng/archipallium__Noun__1
written_rep: archipallium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kora stara
sense_list:
(anatomy) The oldest region of the brain's pallium, often considered contiguous with the olfactory cortex, but varying among species. In humans, the archipallium makes up the hippocampus.


lexentry: eng/architect__Noun__1
written_rep: architect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: architekt | architektka
sense_list:
A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction. | A person who plans, devises or contrives the achievement of a desired result.


lexentry: eng/architecture__Noun__1
written_rep: architecture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: architektura
sense_list:
The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated. | (computing) A specific model of a microchip or CPU.


lexentry: eng/archive__Noun__1
written_rep: archive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiwum
sense_list:
A place for storing earlier, and often historical, material. An archive usually contains documents (letters, records, newspapers, etc.) or other types of media kept for historical interest.


lexentry: eng/archivist__Noun__1
written_rep: archivist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiwista | archiwistka | archiwariusz | archiwariuszka
sense_list:
One who is in charge of, or performs the task of creating, collecting, cataloguing and organising archives.


lexentry: eng/archosaur__Noun__1
written_rep: archosaur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archozaur
sense_list:
A reptile of the taxon Archosauria, which includes modern crocodilians and birds, as well as the extinct pterosaurs, non-avian dinosaurs and other taxa.


lexentry: eng/archpriest__Noun__1
written_rep: archpriest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiprezbiter
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodox Church) The highest rank given to a married priest. | (Roman Catholic Church) An honorific title applied to a priest who has a specific function.


lexentry: eng/arcology__Noun__1
written_rep: arcology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arkologia
sense_list:
(urban studies, uncountable) Urban development theory proposed by Paolo Soleri involving three-dimensional building methods and efficient use of space and resources.


lexentry: eng/arctic_fox__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic fox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piesiec | lis polarny | piesak
sense_list:
Vulpes lagopus, a fox of the family Canidae, living in the Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/arctic_hare__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic hare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zając polarny
sense_list:
A North-American hare of species Lepus arcticus, that is white, usually year round, found in the Arctic.


lexentry: eng/arctic_raspberry__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic raspberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jeżyna arktyczna | malina tekszla | tekszla
sense_list:
A species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family and bearing a dark red, sweet fruit; Rubus arcticus, native to arctic, subarctic, and alpine regions.


lexentry: eng/are__Noun__1
written_rep: are
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ar
sense_list:
(rare) An accepted (but deprecated and rarely used) metric unit of area equal to 100 square metres, or a former unit of approximately the same extent. Symbol: a.


lexentry: eng/are_you_doing_anything_tomorrow__Phrase__1
written_rep: are you doing anything tomorrow
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: co pan robi jutro? | co pani robi jutro? | co robisz jutro?
sense_list:
Asks if someone is busy tomorrow, possibly to invite them to do something if they are available. ("Tomorrow" can be replaced by other dates, such as "are you doing anything on the weekend", etc.)


lexentry: eng/are_you_religious__Phrase__1
written_rep: are you religious
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
sense_list: A request for information about the listener's (or listeners') religious beliefs.
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list:
jest pan religijny? | jest pan wierzący? | jest pani religijna? | jest pani wierząca? | jesteś religijna? | jesteś religijny?


lexentry: eng/are_you_taking_any_medications__Phrase__1
written_rep: are you taking any medications
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czy bierze pan jakieś leki? | czy bierze pani jakieś leki? | czy bierzesz jakieś leki?
sense_list:
Asked mostly by doctors and nurses to ascertain whether certain drugs should not be given to patients, as they may interact adversely with other medications.


lexentry: eng/are_your_ears_burning__Phrase__1
written_rep: are your ears burning
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: o wilku mowa
sense_list:
(idiomatic, colloquial, rhetorical question) Asked of somebody who was not present but was the topic of discussion.


lexentry: eng/area__Noun__1
written_rep: area
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: areał | rola
sense_list:
(British) An open space, below ground level, giving access to the basement of a house, and typically separated from the pavement by railings. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/area_code__Noun__1
written_rep: area code
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oznajmujący
sense_list:
(US, Australia, Philippines) A prefix appended to a telephone number indicating the geographical area.


lexentry: eng/areca__Noun__1
written_rep: areca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: areka
sense_list:
Any member of the genus Areca of about fifty species of single-stemmed palms in the family Arecaceae, found in humid tropical forests.


lexentry: eng/arena__Noun__1
written_rep: arena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arena
sense_list:
An enclosed area, often outdoor, for the presentation of sporting events (sports arena) or other spectacular events; earthen area, often oval, specifically for rodeos (North America) or circular area for bullfights (especially Hispanic America). | The building housing such an area; specifically, a very large, often round building, often topped with a dome, designated for indoor sporting or other major events, such as concerts. | (historical) The sand-covered centre of an amphitheatre where contests were held in Ancient Rome. | A realm in which events take place; an area of interest, study, behaviour, etc.


lexentry: eng/areng__Noun__1
written_rep: areng
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arenga
sense_list:
A palm tree (Arenga pinnata, syn. Saguerus saccharifer) which yields sago, wine, and fibres for ropes.


lexentry: eng/areography__Noun__1
written_rep: areography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: areografia
sense_list:
(astronomy, geography) The scientific study of the planet Mars' geographical features; geography of Mars.


lexentry: eng/aretalogy__Noun__1
written_rep: aretalogy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aretalogia
sense_list:
A form of sacred biography in which a deity's attributes are listed, in the form of poem or text, in the first person.


lexentry: eng/arginine__Noun__1
written_rep: arginine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arginina
sense_list:
An amino acid found in animal foods that plays an important role in several physiological processes.


lexentry: eng/argon__Noun__1
written_rep: argon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argon
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Ar) with an atomic number of 18. The third most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, it is a colourless, odourless, inert noble gas.


lexentry: eng/argonaut__Noun__1
written_rep: argonaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argonauta | żeglarek
sense_list:
Any of several species of shelled octopods of the family Argonautidae (of which only the genus Argonauta is not extinct).


lexentry: eng/argot__Noun__1
written_rep: argot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argot
sense_list:
A secret language or conventional slang peculiar to thieves, tramps and vagabonds. | The specialized informal vocabulary and terminology used between people with special skill in a field, such as between doctors, mathematicians or hackers.


lexentry: eng/arguably__Adverb__1
written_rep: arguably
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapewne
sense_list:
As can be supported or proven by sound logical deduction, evidence, and precedent, but without absolute certainty.


lexentry: eng/aria__Noun__1
written_rep: aria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aria
sense_list:
(music) A musical piece written typically for a solo voice with orchestral accompaniment in an opera or cantata.


lexentry: eng/arise__Verb__1
written_rep: arise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pojawiać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part; to present itself.


lexentry: eng/aristocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arystokracja
sense_list:
The nobility, or the hereditary ruling class. | Government by such a class, or a state with such a government. | A class of people considered (not normally universally) superior to others.


lexentry: eng/aristocrat__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocrat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arystokrata | arystokratka | szlachcianka | szlachcic
sense_list:
One of the aristocracy, nobility, or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble (originally in Revolutionary France).


lexentry: eng/aristocratic__Adjective__1
written_rep: aristocratic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arystokratyczny
sense_list:
Of, pertaining to, or favouring, an aristocracy | Similar to the aristocracy; characteristic of, the aristocracy.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arytmetyka
sense_list:
The mathematics of numbers (integers, rational numbers, real numbers, or complex numbers) under the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_mean__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic mean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: średnia arytmetyczna
sense_list:
(statistics, probability) The measure of central tendency of a set of values computed by dividing the sum of the values by their number.


lexentry: eng/arithmetic_progression__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic progression
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciąg arytmetyczny | postęp arytmetyczny
sense_list:
(analysis) A sequence in which each term except the first is obtained from the previous by adding a constant value, known as the common difference of the arithmetic progression.


lexentry: eng/arithmetically__Adverb__1
written_rep: arithmetically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arytmetycznie
sense_list:
(of the nature of increases or decreases) In a way characterized by addition (of increments) rather than multiplication (by factors) or exponentiation (by exponents): by an arithmetic progression. | In terms of arithmetic.


lexentry: eng/ark__Noun__1
written_rep: ark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: arka
sense_list:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Noah's ark: the ship built by Noah to save his family and a collection of animals from the deluge. | (Judaism) A decorated cabinet at the front of a synagogue, in which Torah scrolls are kept.


lexentry: eng/arm__Noun__1
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ramię | ręka
sense_list:
(anatomy) The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand. | A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the armrest of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses.


lexentry: eng/arm__Verb__2
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uzbrajać | uzbroić | zbroić
sense_list:
(transitive) To supply with armour or (later especially) weapons. | (transitive, figurative) To supply with the equipment, knowledge, authority, or other tools needed for a particular task; to furnish with capability; to equip.


lexentry: eng/arm_wrestling__Noun__1
written_rep: arm wrestling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siłowanie na rękę | siłowanie się | siłowanie się na rękę
sense_list:
A strength sport with two participants, in which each participant grips the other's hand and tries to pin the other's arm onto a surface.


lexentry: eng/armadillo__Noun__1
written_rep: armadillo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pancernik | pancerniki
sense_list:
Any of the burrowing mammals covered with bony, jointed, protective plates, families Dasypodidae and Chlamyphoridae in the order Cingulata, found in the Americas, especially in South America.


lexentry: eng/armband__Noun__1
written_rep: armband
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rękawek
sense_list:
(swimming) One of a pair of inflatable plastic bands, normally worn on the upper arms, to help the wearer (often a child) float in water and learn to swim.


lexentry: eng/armed__Adjective__1
written_rep: armed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: uzbrojony | zbrojny
sense_list:
(of a person, specifically) Equipped with a gun. | (sometimes, in combination) Equipped, especially with a weapon.


lexentry: eng/armed_conflict__Noun__1
written_rep: armed conflict
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: konflikt zbrojny
sense_list:
(international law, military) A contested incompatibility that entails the use of armed force between two parties including a territory, the government of a state, or both.


lexentry: eng/armed_forces__Noun__1
written_rep: armed forces
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siły zbrojne | armia | wojsko
sense_list:
The military forces of a nation, such as the army, navy, air force, marines, and sometimes, coastguard or border guard, which are tasked with the defence of the nation and its citizens, if necessary through use of deadly force.


lexentry: eng/armillary_sphere__Noun__1
written_rep: armillary sphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sfera armilarna
sense_list:
An instrument consisting of graduated metal circles used to represent the motions of celestial bodies around the earth.


lexentry: eng/arming__Noun__1
written_rep: arming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zbrojenie
sense_list:
The act of supplying (oneself or others) with armor and (now especially) arms and ammunition in preparation for a conflict; the act of providing with the means of defense and attack.


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
written_rep: armor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zbroja | pancerz
sense_list:
(uncountable) A protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damaging forces.


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
written_rep: armor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: wojska pancerne
sense_list:
(military, uncountable) A military formation consisting primarily of tanks or other armoured fighting vehicles, collectively.


lexentry: eng/armoured_fighting_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: armoured fighting vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: opancerzony pojazd bojowy
sense_list:
(military) An armed and armoured military vehicle which runs on wheels or caterpillar track, used by fighting troops.


lexentry: eng/armoured_truck__Noun__1
written_rep: armoured truck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bankowóz
sense_list:
A truck used to transfer valuables between locations, which possesses armour against light firearms.


lexentry: eng/arms__Noun__1
written_rep: arms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: herb
sense_list:
(heraldry) A visual design composed according to heraldic rules, consisting of a coat of arms normally displayed upon an escutcheon, sometimes accompanied by other elements of an achievement


lexentry: eng/arms_race__Noun__1
written_rep: arms race
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wyścig zbrojeń
sense_list:
A competition for military supremacy between two powers, especially for the most weapons and the best military technology.


lexentry: eng/army__Noun__1
written_rep: army
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: armia
sense_list:
(figuratively) A large group of people working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) A large group of social animals working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) Any multitude.


lexentry: eng/arnica__Noun__1
written_rep: arnica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arnika | kupalnik
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Arnica, considered to have medicinal properties, especially Arnica montana.


lexentry: eng/aromatherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: aromatherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aromaterapia
sense_list:
(alternative medicine) The use of selected fragrances in lotions and inhalants in an effort to affect mood and promote health.


lexentry: eng/aromatization__Noun__1
written_rep: aromatization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aromatyzacja
sense_list:
(petrochemistry) The conversion of aliphatic components of petroleum into aromatic compounds as part of the refining process.


lexentry: eng/arpeggio__Noun__1
written_rep: arpeggio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arpeggio
sense_list:
(music) The notes of a chord played individually instead of simultaneously, usually moving from lowest to highest.


lexentry: eng/arraignment__Noun__1
written_rep: arraignment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oskarżenie
sense_list:
(legal) The formal charging of a defendant with an offense; in many jurisdictions it includes their response in the form of a plea, typically as guilty, not guilty, or no contest.


lexentry: eng/arrange__Verb__1
written_rep: arrange
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aranżować | zaaranżować
sense_list:
(music, transitive, intransitive) To prepare and adapt an already-written composition for presentation in other than its original form.


lexentry: eng/arrangement__Noun__1
written_rep: arrangement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: układ
sense_list:
The manner of being arranged. | A collection of things that have been arranged. | A particular way in which items are organized.


lexentry: eng/array__Noun__1
written_rep: array
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: tablica
sense_list:
(programming) Any of various data structures designed to hold multiple elements of the same type; especially, a data structure that holds these elements in adjacent memory locations so that they may be retrieved using numeric indices.


lexentry: eng/arrest__Noun__1
written_rep: arrest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: areszt
sense_list:
A check, stop, an act or instance of arresting something. | A confinement, detention, as after an arrest.


lexentry: eng/arrest__Verb__1
written_rep: arrest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: aresztować
sense_list:
(transitive) To seize (someone) with the authority of the law; to take into legal custody. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/arrest_warrant__Noun__1
written_rep: arrest warrant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: list gończy | nakaz aresztowania
sense_list:
(legal) An official document that authorizes law-enforcement officials to arrest a named person and to bring that individual before a court of law or other authority.


lexentry: eng/arris__Noun__1
written_rep: arris
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krawędź
sense_list:
A sharp edge or ridge formed by the intersection of two surfaces | (architecture) A sharp edge or ridge formed by the intersection of two curved surfaces | (archaeology) A ridge formed on the surface of flaked stone, such as an arrowhead or hand axe, as the result of the intersection of two or more flake removals.


lexentry: eng/arrival__Noun__1
written_rep: arrival
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyjazd | przybycie | przylot | przyjście
sense_list:
The act of arriving (reaching a certain place). | The fact of beginning to occur; the initial phase of something.


lexentry: eng/arrière-garde__Noun__1
written_rep: arrière-garde
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ariergarda
sense_list:
(obsolete) The rearguard of an army or other force. | Any group of people who favour older, traditional approaches over the modern or avant-garde.


lexentry: eng/arroba__Noun__1
written_rep: arroba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: małpa
sense_list:
(historical) A traditional Spanish unit of mass, varying by time, location, and substance but generally around 11.5 kilograms.


lexentry: eng/arrogance__Noun__1
written_rep: arrogance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arogancja
sense_list:
The state of being arrogant; a type of extreme or foolish pride in which someone feels much superior to another.


lexentry: eng/arrow__Noun__1
written_rep: arrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strzała | szyp | strzałka
sense_list:
A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.


lexentry: eng/arrowroot__Noun__1
written_rep: arrowroot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: maranta trzcinowa
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) Maranta arundinacea from the Marantaceae family, a large perennial herb native to the Caribbean area with green leaves about 15 centimeters long. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/arrowroot__Noun__1
written_rep: arrowroot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mąka ararutowa
sense_list:
(uncountable) A starchy substance obtained from the rhizomes of an arrowroot plant used as a thickener.


lexentry: eng/arrowword__Noun__1
written_rep: arrowword
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: krzyżówka z strzałkami
sense_list:
A kind of crossword puzzle with the clues written in the grid, accompanied by arrows that indicate the position and direction of the answers.


lexentry: eng/arroyo__Noun__1
written_rep: arroyo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: potok
sense_list:
A dry creek or streambed, a gulch which temporarily or seasonally fills and flows (after sufficient rain). | Any watercourse; any rivulet (whether it flows year-round or only seasonally).


lexentry: eng/arsehole__Noun__1
written_rep: arsehole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dupek
sense_list:
(Commonwealth, mildly, vulgar, offensive, or, derogatory) An inconsiderate, mean-spirited, or otherwise contemptible person. (Less offensive than fucker or cunt.)


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arsenał | cekhauz | zbrojownia
sense_list:
A military establishment for the storing, development, manufacturing, testing, or repairing of arms, ammunition, and other war materiel; an armoury.


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: arsenał
sense_list:
A stock of weapons, especially all the weapons that a nation possesses. | A store or supply of anything.


lexentry: eng/arsenic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas arsenowy
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A poisonous, white crystalline compound, H3AsO4, formed from arsenic pentoxide and water; it has the same structure as phosphoric acid, and is used in the manufacture of arsenates.


lexentry: eng/arsenic_trioxide__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenic trioxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arszenik
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) An industrially important and highly toxic oxide of arsenic that occurs as the mineral claudetite; formula As2O3 (though in liquid, gaseous and some solid forms it has molecules of the form As4O6).


lexentry: eng/arsenite__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arsenin
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) Any oxyanion of trivalent arsenic, especially the AsO33− anion (or protonated derivatives); any salt containing this anion, or any ester of arsenious acid


lexentry: eng/arsine__Noun__1
written_rep: arsine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arseniak | arsenowodór
sense_list:
(inorganic compound, uncountable) A compound of arsenic and hydrogen, AsH3, a colorless and exceedingly poisonous gas, having an odor like garlic.


lexentry: eng/arsis__Noun__1
written_rep: arsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: spalone
sense_list:
(poetry) The stronger part of a metrical foot: the part containing the long (heavy) syllable in quantitative meter, or the stressed syllable in a qualitative meter. | (music) The elevation of the hand, or that part of the bar at which it is raised, in beating time; the weak or unaccented part of the bar, opposed to the thesis.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
written_rep: art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztuka | umiejętność
sense_list:
(uncountable) The conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colours, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the senses and emotions, usually specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium. | (countable) Skillful creative activity, usually with an aesthetic focus. | (uncountable, dated) Contrivance, scheming, manipulation.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
written_rep: art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: sztuka
sense_list:
(uncountable) The study and the product of these processes. | (uncountable) Aesthetic value. | (countable) A field or category of art, such as painting, sculpture, music, ballet, or literature. | (countable) Skill that is attained by study, practice, or observation.


lexentry: eng/art_director__Noun__1
written_rep: art director
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dyrektor artystyczny | dyrektorka artystyczna
sense_list:
A person who supervises and unifies the vision of an artistic production, including its visual appearance and psychological appeal to a target audience.


lexentry: eng/art_gallery__Noun__1
written_rep: art gallery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: galeria sztuki
sense_list:
A room, a group of rooms, or other space where works of art are placed on display, possibly for sale.


lexentry: eng/artemisia__Noun__1
written_rep: artemisia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bylica
sense_list:
Any of many aromatic flowering plants of the genus Artemisia, including wormwood, sagebrush, and tarragon, often used as traditional medicine, oral contraceptive and flavoring.


lexentry: eng/artery__Noun__1
written_rep: artery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tętnica | arteria
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery.


lexentry: eng/arthritis__Noun__1
written_rep: arthritis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zapalenie stawów | artretyzm
sense_list:
Inflammation of a joint or joints causing pain and/or disability, swelling and stiffness, and due to various causes such as infection, trauma, degenerative changes or metabolic disorders: any of several disease entities.


lexentry: eng/arthropod__Noun__1
written_rep: arthropod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stawonóg
sense_list:
An invertebrate animal of the phylum Arthropoda, characterized by a chitinous exoskeleton and multiple jointed appendages.


lexentry: eng/artichoke__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karczoch
sense_list:
A plant related to the thistle with enlarged flower heads eaten as a vegetable while immature, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus.


lexentry: eng/artichoke_heart__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke heart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karczoch
sense_list:
The edible base of an artichoke, prepared by removing the outer leaves and the inedible choke covering it.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: artykuł | rodzajnik | przedimek
sense_list:
A piece of nonfiction writing such as a story, report, opinion piece, or entry in a newspaper, magazine, journal, encyclopedia, etc.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: rodzajnik | przedimek | artykuł
sense_list:
(grammar) A part of speech that indicates, specifies and limits a noun (a, an, or the in English). In some languages the article may appear as an ending (e.g. definite article in Swedish) or there may be none (e.g. Russian, Pashto).


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: artykuł | paragraf | rodzajnik
sense_list:
A section of a legal document, bylaws, etc. or, in the plural, the entire document seen as a collection of these.


lexentry: eng/articulate__Verb__1
written_rep: articulate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: artykułować | wyartykułować
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To speak clearly; to enunciate. | (music, transitive) to attack a note, as by tonguing, slurring, bowing, etc.


lexentry: eng/articulated_bus__Noun__1
written_rep: articulated bus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autobus przegubowy | przegubowiec
sense_list:
A bus fitted with a joint, which is covered by an accordion-shaped weatherproofing, to increase its manoeuvrability.


lexentry: eng/articulation__Noun__1
written_rep: articulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: artykulacja
sense_list:
(countable, or, uncountable) A joint or the collection of joints at which something is articulated, or hinged, for bending. | (uncountable) The quality, clarity, or sharpness of speech; the movement within the mouth that allows for those things. | (accounting) The interrelation and congruence of the flow of data between financial statements of an entity, especially between the income statement and balance sheet.


lexentry: eng/artifact__Noun__1
written_rep: artifact
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: artefakt
sense_list:
A finding or structure in an experiment or investigation that is not a true feature of the object under observation, but is a result of external action, the test arrangement, or an experimental error. | (archaeology) An object, such as a tool, ornament, or weapon of archaeological or historical interest, especially such an object found at an archaeological excavation. | (computing, radiology) A perceptible distortion that appears in an audio or video file or an image as a result of applying a lossy compression or other inexact processing algorithm or of physical interference in an acquisition process. | (software engineering) Ellipsis of build artifact.


lexentry: eng/artificial__Adjective__1
written_rep: artificial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: sztuczny
sense_list:
Not natural or normal: imposed arbitrarily or without regard to the specifics or normal circumstances of a person, a situation, etc. | (bridge) Conveying some meaning other than the actual contents of one's hand.


lexentry: eng/artificial_insemination__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial insemination
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztuczna inseminacja | sztuczne unasienianie
sense_list:
(biology, medicine) The introduction of semen into the uterus or cervix of a female by a means other than copulation.


lexentry: eng/artificial_intelligence__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztuczna inteligencja
sense_list:
(computer science) The branch of computer science dealing with the reproduction or mimicking of human-level intelligence, self-awareness, knowledge, conscience, thought in computer programs. | Intelligence exhibited by an artificial (non-natural, human-made) entity. | The essential quality of a machine which thinks in a manner similar to or on the same general level as a real human being. | (countable, computing) A computer system or software package which is artificially intelligent. | (video games) A character or entity controlled by the game instead of a player; AI.


lexentry: eng/artificial_respiration__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial respiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztuczne oddychanie
sense_list:
(medicine) The manual or mechanical forcing of air into the lungs of a person who is not breathing in order to maintain life.


lexentry: eng/artificial_selection__Noun__1
written_rep: artificial selection
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dobór sztuczny
sense_list:
(evolutionary theory) Intervention by humans in the breeding of plants or animals in order to preserve selected genetic traits.


lexentry: eng/artillery__Noun__1
written_rep: artillery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: artyleria
sense_list:
An army unit that uses such weapons, or a military formation using projectile weapons, such as archers.


lexentry: eng/artiodactyl__Noun__1
written_rep: artiodactyl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parzystokopytne
sense_list:
(zoology) Any ungulate mammal with an even number of toes and belonging to the Artiodactyla, including pigs, sheep, deer, cattle, and most grazing animals. In contrast, horses have an odd number of toes and as such are not Artiodactyla, but Perissodactyla. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/artisanal__Adjective__1
written_rep: artisanal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzemieślniczy
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to artisans or the work of artisans. | Involving skilled work, with comparatively little reliance on machinery. | (of an item, especially a foodstuff) Made by an artisan (skilled worker).


lexentry: eng/arugula__Noun__1
written_rep: arugula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rukola
sense_list:
A yellowish-flowered Mediterranean herb of the mustard family with flavoured leaves, often eaten in salads, that has a distinct, peppery flavor, of three species:


lexentry: eng/aryl__Noun__1
written_rep: aryl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aryl
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any univalent organic radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon by removing a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: jak
sense_list:
(dated) Introducing a comparison with a hypothetical state (+ subjunctive, or with the verb elided): as though, as if. [to 19th century]


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: jako
sense_list:
(law) used before a preposition to clarify that the prepositional phrase restricts the meaning of the sentence; specifically.


lexentry: eng/as__Noun__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: jak | jako | ponieważ | tak | bo | gdy
sense_list:
(numismatics, Ancient Rome) Any of several coins of Rome, coined in bronze or later copper; or the equivalent value.


lexentry: eng/as_above,_so_below__Phrase__1
written_rep: as above, so below
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jak wyżej, tak niżej
sense_list:
(occultism) What happens on a higher level of reality also happens on lower levels; the microcosm and macrocosm behave alike.


lexentry: eng/as_far_as_one_knows__Adverb__1
written_rep: as far as one knows
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: o ile mi wiadomo | z tego co wiem
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To the best of one's knowledge, as far as someone knows about the topic, subject, aspect, or situation.


lexentry: eng/as_if_there_were_no_tomorrow__Adverb__1
written_rep: as if there were no tomorrow
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jakby jutra miało nie być | jakby jutro miał się skończyć świat
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To an excessive degree, oftentimes with little to no regard to future consequences; desperately; recklessly or wantonly; frantically; very quickly or very much.


lexentry: eng/as_is__Adjective__1
written_rep: as is
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: taki jaki jest
sense_list:
(idiomatic, of an object) as it is; in its present state or condition, especially as a contractual condition of sale.


lexentry: eng/as_it_were__Adverb__1
written_rep: as it were
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: niejako
sense_list:
Used to indicate that a word or statement is perhaps not exact though practically right; as if it were so.


lexentry: eng/as_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: as of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: od | począwszy od
sense_list:
(idiomatic) At or by a specified time, with the implication that the said condition will be true from that time onward.


lexentry: eng/as_of_right__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: as of right
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prawnie
sense_list:
(legal) By virtue of an entitlement or authority which arises from certain legal conditions or circumstances; by operation of law.


lexentry: eng/as_opposed_to__Preposition__1
written_rep: as opposed to
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w przeciwieństwie do
sense_list:
in contrast to, rather than, instead of; particularly used in defining a concept by providing an example that does not fall inside the concept.


lexentry: eng/as_the_case_may_be__Phrase__1
written_rep: as the case may be
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w danym wypadku
sense_list:
As is appropriate to the circumstances; particularly where a choice must be made between two options.


lexentry: eng/as_the_crow_flies__Adverb__1
written_rep: as the crow flies
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: w linii prostej
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a straight line distance between two locations, as opposed to the road distance or over land distance.


lexentry: eng/as_you_sow,_so_shall_you_reap__Proverb__1
written_rep: as you sow, so shall you reap
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kto sieje wiatr, zbiera burzę
sense_list:
The consequences of one's actions to oneself are in proportion to one's good or bad intentions towards others.


lexentry: eng/as_you_were__Interjection__1
written_rep: as you were
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spocznij | wróć
sense_list:
Disregard the previous partial command or order and return to the most recent formal command or order.


lexentry: eng/as_you_wish__Interjection__1
written_rep: as you wish
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jak uważasz
sense_list:
A formal expression of agreement to something, especially with the connotation that one does not really agree.


lexentry: eng/asafoetida__Noun__1
written_rep: asafoetida
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asafetyda | czarcie łajno | smrodzieniec
sense_list:
A resinous gum from the stem and roots of Ferula species such as Ferula foetida and Ferula assa-foetida, having a strong, unpleasant smell, with culinary and medical uses. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/asarabacca__Noun__1
written_rep: asarabacca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kopytnik
sense_list:
An acrid herbaceous plant, Asarum europaeum, the leaves and roots of which were used for emetic and cathartic purposes.


lexentry: eng/asbestos__Noun__1
written_rep: asbestos
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azbest
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate, used for fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings, chemical filters, suits, fireman's gloves, etc.


lexentry: eng/ascariasis__Noun__1
written_rep: ascariasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: askarioza | askarydoza | glistnica
sense_list:
A disease of humans caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides in humans and by other species of Ascaris in other mammals.


lexentry: eng/ascendant__Noun__1
written_rep: ascendant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ascendent
sense_list:
(astrology, also, figurative) The degree of the zodiac or point of the ecliptic which rises in an eastern direction above the horizon at a particular moment (especially the moment of a person's birth), which is supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's fortune and life; a horoscope. | (genealogy) An ancestor.


lexentry: eng/ascent__Noun__1
written_rep: ascent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: wzniesienie
sense_list:
The degree of elevation of an object, or the angle it makes with a horizontal line; inclination; gradient; steepness


lexentry: eng/ascetic__Noun__1
written_rep: ascetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asceta | ascetka
sense_list:
One who is devoted to the practice of self-denial, either through seclusion or stringent abstinence.


lexentry: eng/ascites__Noun__1
written_rep: ascites
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wodobrzusze
sense_list:
(medicine) An accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, frequently symptomatic of liver disease.


lexentry: eng/ascorbic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: ascorbic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas askorbinowy
sense_list:
(vitamin) A white crystalline organic compound, C6H8O6, found in citrus fruits and many vegetables; it is an antioxidant and an efficient scavenger of free radicals.


lexentry: eng/ascus__Noun__1
written_rep: ascus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: torba
sense_list:
(mycology) A sac-shaped cell present in ascomycete fungi; it is a reproductive cell in which meiosis and an additional cell division produce eight spores.


lexentry: eng/aseity__Noun__1
written_rep: aseity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aseitas
sense_list:
(metaphysics, theology) Usually ascribed to deity: the attribute of being entirely self-derived, in contrast to being derived from or dependent on another; the quality of having within oneself the entire reason for one's being; utter independent self-existence and self-sustenance.


lexentry: eng/asepsis__Noun__1
written_rep: asepsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aseptyka
sense_list:
(pathology) The state of being free from sepsis. | (pathology) The process of removing pathogenic organisms or protecting against such organisms.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: asexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aseksualny
sense_list:
(especially, of a person) Not experiencing sexual attraction; lacking interest in or desire for sex.


lexentry: eng/asexual__Noun__1
written_rep: asexual
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aseksualista | aseksualistka
sense_list:
A person who does not experience sexual attraction; a person who lacks interest in or desire for sex. | (rare) Something which does not have a sex, or a word which refers to such a thing.


lexentry: eng/ash__Verb__1
written_rep: ash
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: posypywać popiołem
sense_list:
(transitive, Christianity, chiefly, passive) To mark (someone) with an ashen cross on the forehead to observe Ash Wednesday.


lexentry: eng/ashamed__Adjective__1
written_rep: ashamed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zawstydzony
sense_list:
(chiefly, of someone in trouble and undergoing punishment for doing something wrong) Feeling shame or guilt.


lexentry: eng/ashcan__Noun__1
written_rep: ashcan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: popielniczka
sense_list:
A container for ashes, used in times past for accumulating ashes generated from wood and coal fires, for eventual disposal elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/ashlar__Noun__1
written_rep: ashlar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: licówka kamienna nieregularna | mur ciosowy
sense_list:
(architecture) Masonry employing flat and well-squared stone or brick, creating an appearance similar to wooden flooring.


lexentry: eng/aside__Noun__1
written_rep: aside
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: komentarz
sense_list:
An incidental remark to a person next to one made discreetly but not in private, audible only to that person. (theatre) A brief comment by a character addressing the audience, unheard by other characters.


lexentry: eng/askari__Noun__1
written_rep: askari
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: askarys
sense_list:
(historical) A member of a local African military or police unit, usually one serving in a European colonial force.


lexentry: eng/asocial__Adjective__1
written_rep: asocial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asocjalny | aspołeczny
sense_list:
Not social, not relating to society. | Not sociable; having minimal social connections with others; not inclined to connect with others socially.


lexentry: eng/asparaginase__Noun__1
written_rep: asparaginase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asparaginaza
sense_list:
(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine to aspartic acid, used in chemotherapy.


lexentry: eng/aspartame__Noun__1
written_rep: aspartame
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aspartam
sense_list:
(organic compound) An artificial sweetener, the methyl ester of a dipeptide formed from aspartic acid and phenylalanine, used in many processed foods and beverages.


lexentry: eng/aspartic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: aspartic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kwas asparaginowy
sense_list:
(amino acid) A nonessential amino acid, L-α-amino-succinic acid, aminobutanedioic acid, found in animal protein and in sugar beet etc (C4H7NO4).


lexentry: eng/aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aspekt
sense_list:
Any specific feature, part, or element of something. | (grammar) A grammatical quality of a verb which determines the relationship of the speaker to the internal temporal flow of the event which the verb describes, or whether the speaker views the event from outside as a whole, or from within as it is unfolding. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: widok
sense_list:
Position or situation with regard to seeing; that position which enables one to look in a particular direction; position in relation to the points of the compass.


lexentry: eng/aspect_ratio__Noun__1
written_rep: aspect ratio
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: współczynnik proporcji
sense_list:
The ratio of an object's longest dimension to its next-longest dimension. | The ratio of width to height in a flat surface or 2-dimensional abstract construction, such as an image, character, or pixel.


lexentry: eng/aspen__Noun__1
written_rep: aspen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osika
sense_list:
A poplar tree, especially of section Populus sect. Populus, of medium-size trees with thin, straight trunks of a greenish-white color.


lexentry: eng/aspergillum__Noun__1
written_rep: aspergillum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kropidło
sense_list:
(Christianity) An implement, in the form of a brush or of a rod with a perforated container, for sprinkling holy water; a holy-water sprinkle.


lexentry: eng/asphalt__Noun__1
written_rep: asphalt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asfalt
sense_list:
A sticky, black to brown and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid, composed almost entirely of bitumen with small mineral particles, that is present in most crude petroleums and in some natural deposits. | Ellipsis of asphalt concrete, a hard ground covering used for roads and walkways.


lexentry: eng/asphalt_jungle__Noun__1
written_rep: asphalt jungle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asfaltowa dżungla
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A city or urban area, where the landscape is covered by pavement and the environment is alienating and unsafe.


lexentry: eng/asphaltene__Noun__1
written_rep: asphaltene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asfalten
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) Any of the dark organic constituents of crude oils and bitumen that are soluble in aromatic solvents but not in aliphatic ones; they are polycyclic aromatic compounds (composed of fused benzene rings) with aliphatic side chains


lexentry: eng/asphodel__Noun__1
written_rep: asphodel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: złotogłów | asfodel | chryzantema | złocień
sense_list:
Any of the flowering plants of the family Asphodelaceae, especially Asphodelus ramosus and Asphodelus albus; the flower of these plants.


lexentry: eng/asphyxia__Noun__1
written_rep: asphyxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: asfiksja | zamartwica
sense_list:
Loss of consciousness due to the body's inability to deliver oxygen to its tissues, either by the breathing of air lacking oxygen or by the inability of the blood to carry oxygen. | (medicine, obsolete) A condition in which an extreme decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the body leads to loss of consciousness or death. Replaced in the mid-20th century by the more specific terms anoxia, hypoxia, hypoxemia and hypercapnia.


lexentry: eng/aspidistra__Noun__1
written_rep: aspidistra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aspidistra
sense_list:
any of several Asian plants, of the genus Aspidistra, having large leaves and small bell-shaped flowers; widely cultivated as a houseplant


lexentry: eng/aspirate__Verb__1
written_rep: aspirate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aspirować
sense_list:
(transitive) To inhale so as to draw something other than air into one's lungs. | (ambitransitive, linguistics) To produce an audible puff of breath, especially following a consonant, such as the letter "h" at the beginning of house or hat in standard English.


lexentry: eng/aspirated_h__Noun__1
written_rep: aspirated h
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: h przydechowe
sense_list:
(French phonology) In the French language, usage of the letter h at the start of a word which does not allow liaison with a preceding consonant or elision of a preceding schwa.


lexentry: eng/aspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: aspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambicja | aspiracja
sense_list:
The act of aspiring or ardently desiring; an ardent wish or desire, chiefly after what is elevated or spiritual (with common adjunct adpositions being to and of).


lexentry: eng/asplenia__Noun__1
written_rep: asplenia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asplenia
sense_list:
(biology, medicine) Absence of normal function of the spleen, from any cause: | (biology, medicine) Physiological absence of splenic function; either substantial or total splenic dysfunction; splenic nonfunction.


lexentry: eng/ass-backwards__Adverb__1
written_rep: ass-backwards
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: od dupy strony
sense_list:
(colloquial) Moving backwards, that is, rear end first. | (idiomatic, colloquial) In a hopelessly misguided manner; in a manner contrary to what is normal, expected, or logical.


lexentry: eng/ass-kisser__Noun__1
written_rep: ass-kisser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dupoliz
sense_list:
(North America, slang, vulgar) Someone who kisses ass (who acts obsequiously in order to gain another's favor).


lexentry: eng/ass-licker__Noun__1
written_rep: ass-licker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dupoliz
sense_list:
(US, vulgar, slang) Someone who succumbs to authority, doing whatever authority figures ask and attempting to please them in every possible way; (by extension) any contemptible person. | (US, vulgar, slang) Someone who performs anilingus.


lexentry: eng/ass__Noun__1
written_rep: ass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: osioł
sense_list:
Any of several species of horse-like animals, especially Equus asinus, the domesticated of which are used as beasts of burden.


lexentry: eng/ass__Noun__2
written_rep: ass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dupa | dupczenie | jebanie | pierdolenie
sense_list:
(synecdochically, uncountable) Sex; a person to have sex with; with vulgar emphasis on their corporeality (their body) over their personhood.


lexentry: eng/assassin__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asasyn
sense_list:
(historical, , usually, capitalized) A member of the Nizari Ismaili Muslim community of the Alamut Period.


lexentry: eng/assassin__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zamachowiec | skrytobójca | skrytobójczyni | zamachowczyni
sense_list:
Someone who intentionally kills a person, especially a professional who kills a public or political figure.


lexentry: eng/assassin_bug__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin bug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: robak z rodziny zajadkowatych
sense_list:
Any true bug from the subfamily Reduviinae of the family Reduviidae, all of which eat other insects. They can inflict a very painful bite, but don't cause disease. | Any true bug from any of the subfamilies of the Reduviidae, including those in the subfamily Triatominae, which suck blood and may transmit Chagas' disease to humans.


lexentry: eng/assassinate__Verb__1
written_rep: assassinate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zamordować
sense_list:
To murder someone, especially an important person, by a sudden or obscure attack, especially for ideological or political reasons. [from 17th c.] | (figuratively) To harm, ruin, or defame severely or destroy by treachery, slander, libel, or obscure attack.


lexentry: eng/assault_rifle__Noun__1
written_rep: assault rifle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: karabin automatyczny
sense_list:
A military select-fire rifle or carbine that fires a shortened rifle caliber round or lower-power smaller-calibre round, from a high-capacity magazine.


lexentry: eng/assay__Noun__1
written_rep: assay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: próba
sense_list:
The act or process of ascertaining the proportion of a particular metal in an ore or alloy; especially, the determination of the proportion of gold or silver in bullion or coin.


lexentry: eng/assegai__Noun__1
written_rep: assegai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: assagaj
sense_list:
A slim hardwood spear or javelin with an iron tip, especially those used by Bantu peoples of Southern Africa.


lexentry: eng/assemblage__Noun__1
written_rep: assemblage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: asamblaż | assemblage
sense_list:
(arts) A visual art form similar to collage, which combines two-dimensional and three-dimensional, often found, elements into works of art.


lexentry: eng/assembler__Noun__1
written_rep: assembler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asembler | assembler
sense_list:
(programming, countable) A program that reads source code written in assembly language and produces executable machine code, possibly together with information needed by linkers, debuggers and other tools.


lexentry: eng/assembly_language__Noun__1
written_rep: assembly language
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asembler | assembler
sense_list:
(computer languages) A programming language in which the source code of programs is composed of mnemonic instructions, each of which corresponds directly to a machine instruction for a particular processor.


lexentry: eng/assembly_line__Noun__1
written_rep: assembly line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: linia montażowa
sense_list:
(manufacturing) A system of workers and machinery in which a product is assembled in a series of consecutive operations; typically the product is conveyed by a continuously moving belt.


lexentry: eng/assert__Verb__1
written_rep: assert
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: bronić
sense_list:
To maintain or defend, as a cause or a claim, by words or measures; to vindicate a claim or title to.


lexentry: eng/assert__Verb__1
written_rep: assert
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: zaklinać się
sense_list:
(reflexive) To insist on the legitimacy of one's rights, opinion, etc; not to allow oneself to be dismissed; to ensure that one is taken into consideration; to make oneself respected; to be assertive. See assert oneself.


lexentry: eng/assertion__Noun__1
written_rep: assertion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: potwierdzenie
sense_list:
(computer programming) A statement in a program asserting a condition expected to be true at a particular point, used in debugging.


lexentry: eng/asshole__Noun__1
written_rep: asshole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dupek | cham | dziad | dziadyga | gad | gadzina
sense_list:
(vulgar, derogatory, or, offensive, synecdochically) A jerk; an inappropriately or objectionably mean, inconsiderate, contemptible, obnoxious, intrusive, stupid, or rude person.


lexentry: eng/assimilate__Verb__1
written_rep: assimilate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: asymilować | zasymilować
sense_list:
(transitive) To absorb (a person or people) into a community or culture. | (transitive) To bring to a likeness or to conformity; to cause a resemblance between.


lexentry: eng/assimilation__Noun__1
written_rep: assimilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asymilacja
sense_list:
The act of assimilating or the state of being assimilated. | The metabolic conversion of nutrients into tissue. | (by extension) The absorption of new ideas into an existing cognitive structure. | (sociology, cultural studies) The adoption, by a minority group, of the customs and attitudes of the dominant culture.


lexentry: eng/assimilation__Noun__1
written_rep: assimilation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: upodobnienie | asymilacja
sense_list:
(phonology) A sound change process by which the phonetics of a speech segment becomes more like that of another segment in a word (or at a word boundary), so that a change of phoneme occurs.


lexentry: eng/assimilationist__Noun__1
written_rep: assimilationist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asymilant | asymilator | asymilatorka
sense_list:
(sociology) An advocate of the policy or practice of the assimilation of immigrant or other minority cultures into a mainstream culture.


lexentry: eng/assimilator__Noun__1
written_rep: assimilator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asymilant | asymilator
sense_list:
A person or thing which assimilates. | In algae, a filament of cells involved with photosynthesis, usually full of chloroplasts.


lexentry: eng/assist__Verb__1
written_rep: assist
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asystować | pomagać | pomóc
sense_list:
To help. | (medicine) To help compensate for what is missing with the help of a medical technique or therapy.


lexentry: eng/assistant_professor__Noun__1
written_rep: assistant professor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adiunkt | adiunktka
sense_list:
(education) An entry-level position in a university faculty, lower than an associate professor and a full professor.


lexentry: eng/assless__Adjective__1
written_rep: assless
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bez dupy
sense_list:
without an ass | (North America, vulgar) devoid of sexual intercourse | (North America, of trousers or chaps) uncovered at the rear


lexentry: eng/associate_professor__Noun__1
written_rep: associate professor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: docent | adiunkt
sense_list:
(education) A teacher in a higher education institution who ranks above an assistant professor and below a professor.


lexentry: eng/association_football__Noun__1
written_rep: association football
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piłka nożna
sense_list:
A ball game played between two teams of eleven players, each attempting to win by scoring more goals than their opponent.


lexentry: eng/associationism__Noun__1
written_rep: associationism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asocjacjonizm
sense_list:
(psychology) A theory that association (of experiences etc) is the basis of consciousness and mental activity


lexentry: eng/associative__Adjective__1
written_rep: associative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: łączny | asocjatywny
sense_list:
(algebra, of a binary operator *) Such that, for any operands a, b and c, (a * b) * c = a * (b * c); (of a ring, etc.) whose multiplication operation is associative.


lexentry: eng/associative_array__Noun__1
written_rep: associative array
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: słownik | tablica asocjacyjna
sense_list:
(computing) An array-like data structure where the indices (called keys) are not limited to integers.


lexentry: eng/assonance__Noun__1
written_rep: assonance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asonacja | asonancja | asonans
sense_list:
(prosody) The repetition of similar or identical vowel sounds (though with different consonants), usually in literature or poetry.


lexentry: eng/assumption__Noun__1
written_rep: assumption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przypuszczenie
sense_list:
The act of taking for granted, or supposing a thing without proof; a supposition; an unwarrantable claim. | The thing supposed; a postulate, or proposition assumed; a supposition.


lexentry: eng/assurance__Noun__1
written_rep: assurance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: obietnica
sense_list:
(insurance) Insurance; a contract for the payment of a sum on occasion of a certain event, as loss or death. Assurance is used in relation to life contingencies, and insurance in relation to other contingencies. It is called temporary assurance, in the time within which the contingent event must happen is limited.


lexentry: eng/assure__Verb__1
written_rep: assure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zapewnić | upewniać | upewnić | zapewniać
sense_list:
(transitive, followed by that or of) To give (someone) confidence in the trustworthiness of (something).


lexentry: eng/asswipe__Noun__1
written_rep: asswipe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papier do dupy | srajtaśma
sense_list:
(North America, informal, mildly, vulgar, offensive, or, derogatory) An annoying, contemptible, or worthless person.


lexentry: eng/asterism__Noun__1
written_rep: asterism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: asteryzm
sense_list:
(mineralogy) A star-shaped figure exhibited by some crystals by reflected light (as in a star sapphire) or by transmitted light (as in some mica).


lexentry: eng/asteroid__Noun__1
written_rep: asteroid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asteroida | planetoida
sense_list:
(astronomy) A naturally occurring solid object, which is smaller than a planet and a dwarf planet, larger than a meteoroid and not a comet, that orbits a star and often has an irregular shape.


lexentry: eng/asteroid_belt__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: asteroid belt
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pas planetoid
sense_list:
(astronomy) The main asteroid belt, the region of the orbital plane of the Solar System located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter which is occupied by numerous minor planets (asteroids) and the dwarf planet Ceres.


lexentry: eng/asteronym__Noun__1
written_rep: asteronym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asteronim
sense_list:
(typography, rare) An asterism (⁂) or similar symbol which replaces the name of the author in a literary work.


lexentry: eng/asthma__Noun__1
written_rep: asthma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astma | dychawica | zadyszka
sense_list:
(pathology) A long-term respiratory condition, in which the airways may unexpectedly and suddenly narrow, often in response to an allergen, cold air, exercise, or emotional stress. Symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing.


lexentry: eng/astigmatism__Noun__1
written_rep: astigmatism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astygmatyzm
sense_list:
(optics) A defect of a lens such that light rays coming from a point do not meet at a focal point so that the image is blurred. | (pathology) A disorder of the vision, usually due to a misshapen cornea, such that light does not focus correctly on the retina causing a blurred image.


lexentry: eng/astragal__Noun__1
written_rep: astragal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: astragal
sense_list:
(architecture) A semicircular molding separating the architrave at the top or bottom of a column. | (weaponry) A circular molding near the mouth of a cannon.


lexentry: eng/astragalomancy__Noun__1
written_rep: astragalomancy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: astragalomancja
sense_list:
Divination by dice made from huckle-bones. They have four flat sides and two round sides which were marked.


lexentry: eng/astral__Adjective__1
written_rep: astral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astralny | gwiezdny
sense_list:
Relating to or resembling the stars; starry. | (parapsychology, theosophy, fantasy) Composed of ethereal material or non-physical (sometimes supersensible), and capable of sometimes separating from the physical body (as an astral body) to travel to other places or to other realms of existence (in or via the astral plane).


lexentry: eng/astral_body__Noun__1
written_rep: astral body
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciało astralne
sense_list:
(parapsychology, theosophy, fantasy) A ghost-like replica of one's physical body which supposedly inhabits or is somehow associated with the physical body, conceived as a subtle body composed of some sort of ethereal material or as being non-physical and capable of sometimes separating from the physical body to travel to other places or to other realms of existence.


lexentry: eng/astrognosy__Noun__1
written_rep: astrognosy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astrognozja
sense_list:
(astronomy, archaic) Knowledge of the stars, especially the fixed stars; the branch of astronomy dealing with the fixed stars. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/astrological_sign__Noun__1
written_rep: astrological sign
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znak | znak zodiaku
sense_list:
(astrology) Any of twelve signs, corresponding to constellations, that are used as the basis of astrology


lexentry: eng/astrology__Noun__1
written_rep: astrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astrologia
sense_list:
Divination about human affairs or natural phenomena from the relative positions of celestial bodies. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/astrometry__Noun__1
written_rep: astrometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astrometria
sense_list:
(astronomy) The branch of astronomy that deals with the measurement of the positions and motions of celestial bodies, particularly stars.


lexentry: eng/astronaut__Noun__1
written_rep: astronaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astronauta | astronautka | kosmonauta | kosmonautka
sense_list:
A member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft that travels beyond Earth's atmosphere, or someone trained to serve that purpose.


lexentry: eng/astronomer__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astronom | astronomka
sense_list:
(astronomy) One who studies astronomy, the stars or the physical universe; a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics.


lexentry: eng/astronomical__Adjective__1
written_rep: astronomical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astronomiczny
sense_list:
(not comparable, astronomy) Of or relating to astronomy. | (comparable) Very large; of vast measure.


lexentry: eng/astronomical_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomical unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jednostka astronomiczna
sense_list:
(astronomy) 149,597,870,700 metres, the approximate mean distance from the Earth to the Sun (the semi-major axis of Earth's orbit), (symbol AU), used to measure distances in the solar system.


lexentry: eng/astronomically__Adverb__1
written_rep: astronomically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astronomicznie
sense_list:
(not comparable) Of or relating to astronomy. | (comparable, degree) In the extreme, very (typically very large).


lexentry: eng/astronomy__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astronomia
sense_list:
The study of the physical universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere, including the process of mapping locations and properties of the matter and radiation in the universe.


lexentry: eng/astrophotography__Noun__1
written_rep: astrophotography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astrofotografia
sense_list:
(astronomy, photography) The photography or imaging of astronomical objects, celestial events or areas of the night sky.


lexentry: eng/astrophysics__Noun__1
written_rep: astrophysics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astrofizyka
sense_list:
The branch of astronomy or physics that deals with the physical properties of celestial bodies and with the interaction between matter and radiation in celestial bodies and in the space between them.


lexentry: eng/asylum__Noun__1
written_rep: asylum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dom obłąkanych | szpital psychiatryczny
sense_list:
(dated) A place of protection or restraint for one or more classes of the disadvantaged, especially the mentally ill.


lexentry: eng/asylum_seeker__Noun__1
written_rep: asylum seeker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azylant | azylantka | azylowiec
sense_list:
A person who has applied for asylum in a foreign country but has not yet been granted refugee status by that country.


lexentry: eng/asymmetry__Noun__1
written_rep: asymmetry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asymetria
sense_list:
Absence of symmetry or proportion between the parts of a thing, or a distinction that produces such a lack of symmetry.


lexentry: eng/asymptote__Noun__1
written_rep: asymptote
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asymptota
sense_list:
(analysis) A straight line which a curve approaches arbitrarily closely as it goes to infinity. The limit of the curve; its tangent "at infinity".


lexentry: eng/asyndetic__Adjective__1
written_rep: asyndetic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asyndetyczny
sense_list:
(grammar, rhetoric) Of, related to, or characterized by asyndeton, lacking conjunctions or purposefully omitting conjunctions.


lexentry: eng/at__Preposition__1
written_rep: at
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: w | o
sense_list:
Indicating time of occurrence, especially an instant of time, or a period of time relatively short in context or from the speaker’s perspective.


lexentry: eng/at_a_loss_for_words__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: at a loss for words
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brak komuś słów
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Having nothing to say; not knowing what to say; stunned to the point of being speechless.


lexentry: eng/at_it__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: at it
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zajęty
sense_list:
Occupied with a given activity; busy with something. [from 17th c.] | Engaged in sexual intercourse or other sexual activity.


lexentry: eng/at_the_expense_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: at the expense of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kosztem
sense_list:
(finance) Paid for by an individual or group. | (figurative) In a way as to harm somebody or something; to the detriment of.


lexentry: eng/ataman__Noun__1
written_rep: ataman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ataman | atamanka
sense_list:
(historical) A title of Cossack and haidamak leaders of various kinds. The term was also used for the leader of a fisherman artel and of a band of robbers or thieves.


lexentry: eng/atavism__Noun__1
written_rep: atavism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atawizm
sense_list:
The reappearance of an ancestral characteristic in an organism after several generations of absence; a throwback.


lexentry: eng/atavistic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atavistic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atawistyczny
sense_list:
(biology) Of the recurrence of a trait reappearing after an absence of one or more generations due to a chance recombination of genes.


lexentry: eng/ataxia__Noun__1
written_rep: ataxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ataksja
sense_list:
(physical chemistry, organic chemistry) The condition of a polymer in which the orientation of the subunits is random


lexentry: eng/atelectasis__Noun__1
written_rep: atelectasis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niedodma
sense_list:
(medicine) The collapse of a part of or the whole lung caused by inner factors rather than a pneumothorax.


lexentry: eng/athame__Noun__1
written_rep: athame
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sztylet
sense_list:
A ceremonial pointed knife or dagger, used especially in Wicca and other neopagan traditions and typically having a black handle with magical symbols on it. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/athanor__Noun__1
written_rep: athanor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atanor
sense_list:
(historical) A furnace or stove designed and used to maintain uniform heat, primarily used by alchemists. [from late 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/atheism__Noun__1
written_rep: atheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ateizm
sense_list:
(narrowly) Belief that no deities exist (sometimes including rejection of other religious beliefs). | (very, _, broadly) Absence of belief that any deities exist (including absence of the concept of deities). | (historical, or, rare) Absence of belief in a particular deity, pantheon, or religious doctrine (notwithstanding belief in other deities). | (sometimes proscribed) A rejection of all religions, even non-theistic ones.


lexentry: eng/atheism__Noun__1
written_rep: atheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ateizm | bezbożność
sense_list:
(broadly) A lack of belief in deities, or a belief that there is insufficient evidence to believe in a god.


lexentry: eng/atheist__Noun__1
written_rep: atheist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ateista | ateistka | bezbożnik | ateusz | ateuszka | bezbożnica
sense_list:
(broadly) A person who doubts the existence of deities (therefore, an agnostic may be considered an atheist). | (narrowly) A person who is certain that no deities exist or who thinks that the existence of deities can be disproven.


lexentry: eng/athematic__Adjective__1
written_rep: athematic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atematyczny
sense_list:
(linguistics) Of a root, not having a thematic vowel and thus attaching inflections directly to the root.


lexentry: eng/athenaeum__Noun__1
written_rep: athenaeum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ateneum
sense_list:
An association or institution for the advancement of learning, particularly in science or literature. | The reading room or library of such an association; (by extension) any reading room or library. | A literary or scientific periodical, especially one similar to the London Athenaeum.


lexentry: eng/atherosclerosis__Noun__1
written_rep: atherosclerosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arterioskleroza | miażdżyca
sense_list:
(pathology) The clogging or hardening of arteries or blood vessels caused by plaques (accumulations of fatty deposits, usually cholesterol).


lexentry: eng/athetosis__Noun__1
written_rep: athetosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atetoza
sense_list:
(symptom) A series of involuntary writhing movements of the limbs, typically bilateral and symmetric and predominantly affecting the distal parts of the limbs.


lexentry: eng/athlete's_foot__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete's foot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grzybice skóry
sense_list:
(disease) A fungal infection of the skin of the foot, usually between the toes, caused by pathogen fungi, such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, syn. Trichophyton mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum


lexentry: eng/athlete__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atleta | atletka | lekkoatleta | lekkoatletka
sense_list:
A participant in any of a group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country running and racewalking.


lexentry: eng/athlete__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atleta | atletka | sportowiec | sportsmenka
sense_list:
(US, Canada) A person who actively participates in physical sports, especially with great skill; a sportsperson.


lexentry: eng/athletic_shoe__Noun__1
written_rep: athletic shoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adidas | tenisówka | trampek
sense_list:
(footwear) A shoe designed for sports or other forms of physical exercise, typically with a soft, rubber sole.


lexentry: eng/athletics__Noun__1
written_rep: athletics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lekkoatletyka
sense_list:
(sports, especially, _, Britain) A group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country and racewalking.


lexentry: eng/athletics__Noun__1
written_rep: athletics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atletyka
sense_list:
(sports, especially, _, US) Physical activities such as sports and games requiring stamina, fitness and skill.


lexentry: eng/atlas__Noun__1
written_rep: atlas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: atlas | dźwigacz
sense_list:
(anatomy) The uppermost vertebra of the cervical spine in the neck in humans and some other animals.


lexentry: eng/atlatl__Noun__1
written_rep: atlatl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atlatl
sense_list:
A spearthrower consisting of a wooden stick with a thong or perpendicularly protruding hook on the rear end that grips a grove or socket on the butt of its accompanying spear (or dart), intended to steady the spear immediately prior to throwing, to increase its potential range when thrown, and to increase its force of penetration of the target. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/atmosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: atmosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atmosfera
sense_list:
The air in a particular place. | A unit of measurement for pressure equal to 101325 Pa (symbol: atm), approximately the atmospheric pressure at sea level.


lexentry: eng/atoll__Noun__1
written_rep: atoll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atol
sense_list:
A type of island consisting of a ribbon reef that nearly or entirely surrounds a lagoon and supports, in most cases, one to many islets on the reef platform.


lexentry: eng/atom__Noun__1
written_rep: atom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atom
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. [from 16th c.] | (history of science) A hypothetical particle posited by Greek philosophers as an ultimate and indivisible component of matter. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/atomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atomowy
sense_list:
(physics, chemistry) Of or relating to atoms; composed of atoms; monatomic. | Employing or relating to nuclear energy or processes.


lexentry: eng/atomic_clock__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic clock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zegar atomowy
sense_list:
An extremely accurate reference clock whose operation is based on an atomic process, typically the frequency of electromagnetic radiation associated with a specified energy-level transition in an element such as cesium.


lexentry: eng/atomic_nucleus__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic nucleus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jądro atomowe
sense_list:
(physics) A nucleus of an atom; consisting of protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud.


lexentry: eng/atomic_weight__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic weight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: masa atomowa
sense_list:
(physics) A term used to represent the mean relative atomic mass of an element in nature, as distinct from the relative atomic mass of a single isotope.


lexentry: eng/atomism__Noun__1
written_rep: atomism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atomizm | atomistyka
sense_list:
(philosophy) The ancient Greek theory that all matter is composed of very small indestructible and indivisible particles.


lexentry: eng/atomist__Noun__1
written_rep: atomist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atomista
sense_list:
An adherent of atomism; one who believes matter is composed of elementary indivisible particles. | An adherent of the atomic theory.


lexentry: eng/atomize__Verb__1
written_rep: atomize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atomizować | zatomizować
sense_list:
(transitive) To separate or reduce into atoms. | (transitive) To make into a fine spray. | (transitive) To fragment; to break into small pieces or concepts.


lexentry: eng/atomizer__Noun__1
written_rep: atomizer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atomizator | atomizer | opryskiwacz | rozpylacz
sense_list:
An instrument for reducing a liquid to spray or vapor for disinfecting, cooling, medical use or perfume spraying.


lexentry: eng/atone__Verb__1
written_rep: atone
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odpokutować | pokutować | odpokutowywać | zadośćuczynić
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To make reparation, compensation, amends or satisfaction for an offence, crime, mistake or deficiency. [from 1680s]


lexentry: eng/atonic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atonic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atoniczny
sense_list:
(linguistics) not having tone (pitch) | (pathology) Lacking muscle tone. | (medicine) Characterized by atony, or want of vital energy.


lexentry: eng/atopy__Noun__1
written_rep: atopy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atopia
sense_list:
(medicine) A hereditary disorder marked by the tendency to develop localized immediate hypersensitivity reactions to allergens such as pollen, food etc and is manifested by hay fever, asthma, or similar allergic conditions; generally considered to be caused by the interaction of environmental and genetic factors.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
written_rep: atrium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atrium
sense_list:
(architecture) A central room or space in ancient Roman homes, open to the sky in the middle; a similar space in other buildings. | (architecture) A square hall lit by daylight from above, into which rooms open at one or more levels. | (biology) Any enclosed body cavity or chamber.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
written_rep: atrium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: atrium | przedsionek
sense_list:
(palynology) A cavity inside a porate aperture of a pollen grain formed by the separation of the sexine and nexine layers, widening toward the interior of the grain.


lexentry: eng/atrophy__Noun__1
written_rep: atrophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atrofia
sense_list:
(pathology) A reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease, injury or lack of use. [from early 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/atropine__Noun__1
written_rep: atropine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atropina
sense_list:
(poison, pharmaceutical drug) An alkaloid extracted from the plant deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other sources, such as the seeds of the thorn-apple. Though overdoses would be fatal it is used as a drug in medicine for its paralytic effects (e.g. in surgery to relax muscles, in dentistry to dry the mouth, in ophthalmology to dilate the pupils).


lexentry: eng/attack__Noun__1
written_rep: attack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atak | napad
sense_list:
An attempt to cause damage, injury to, or death of an opponent or enemy. | (medicine) The sudden onset of a disease or condition. | An active episode of a chronic or recurrent disease.


lexentry: eng/attack__Noun__1
written_rep: attack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atak
sense_list:
An attempt to detract from the worth or credibility of, a person, position, idea, object, or thing, by physical, verbal, emotional, or other assault. | (cricket) Collectively, the bowlers of a cricket side. | (volleyball) Any contact with the ball other than a serve or block which sends the ball across the plane of the net. | (lacrosse) The three attackmen on the field or all the attackmen of a team.


lexentry: eng/attack__Verb__1
written_rep: attack
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atakować | zaatakować | napadać | napaść
sense_list:
(transitive) To apply violent force to someone or something. | (transitive) To begin to affect; to act upon injuriously or destructively; to begin to decompose or waste.


lexentry: eng/attack__Verb__1
written_rep: attack
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: atakować | zaatakować
sense_list:
(transitive, cricket) To aim balls at the batsman’s wicket. | (intransitive, cricket) To set a field, or bowl in a manner designed to get wickets. | (intransitive, cricket) To bat aggressively, so as to score runs quickly. | (soccer) To move forward in an active attempt to score a point, as opposed to trying not to concede.


lexentry: eng/attack_aircraft__Noun__1
written_rep: attack aircraft
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szturmowiec
sense_list:
A tactical military aircraft designed to carry out precise airstrikes against ground or naval targets


lexentry: eng/attack_helicopter__Noun__1
written_rep: attack helicopter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: helikopter szturmowy
sense_list:
(military) An armed helicopter with the offensive capability of engaging ground targets such as enemy infantry, military vehicles, and fortifications. [from 1950s]


lexentry: eng/attacker__Noun__1
written_rep: attacker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: napastnik
sense_list:
(soccer) One of the players on a team in football (soccer) in the row nearest to the opposing team's goal, who are therefore principally responsible for scoring goals.


lexentry: eng/attain__Verb__1
written_rep: attain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: osiągać | osiągnąć
sense_list:
(transitive) To reach or come to, by progression or motion; to arrive at (a place, time, state, etc.).


lexentry: eng/attainment__Noun__1
written_rep: attainment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: korzyść
sense_list:
The act of attaining; the act of arriving at or reaching; the act of obtaining by exertion or effort.


lexentry: eng/attend__Verb__1
written_rep: attend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atentować | brać udział | uczęszczać
sense_list:
(transitive) To be present at (an event or place) in order to take part in some action or proceedings; also, to regularly go to (an event or place). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/attendance__Noun__1
written_rep: attendance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obecność
sense_list:
The act of attending; the state of being present; presence. | The frequency with which one has been present for a regular activity or set of events.


lexentry: eng/attendant__Noun__1
written_rep: attendant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: gość
sense_list:
(mostly, archaic) A visitor or caller; one who attends (is present at or regularly goes to) some event or place.


lexentry: eng/attention__Interjection__1
written_rep: attention
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: uwaga
sense_list:
A call for people to be quiet/stop doing what they are presently doing and pay heed to what they are to be told or shown.


lexentry: eng/attention__Noun__1
written_rep: attention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atencja | względy
sense_list:
(countable) An action or remark expressing concern for or interest in someone or something, especially romantic interest.


lexentry: eng/attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) A developmental disorder in which a person has difficulty to concentrate and a persistent pattern of impulsiveness and inattention, with or without a component of hyperactivity.

trans_list:
zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z deficytem uwagi | ADHD | zaburzenia hiperkinetyczne | zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z brakiem koncentracji uwagi


lexentry: eng/attention_span__Noun__1
written_rep: attention span
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: koncentracja uwagi
sense_list:
The length of time, or span that one can pay attention, or concentrate on one topic without becoming distracted.


lexentry: eng/attenuate__Verb__1
written_rep: attenuate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obniżać
sense_list:
(transitive) To reduce in size, force, value, amount, or degree. | (intransitive) To become thin or fine; to grow less.


lexentry: eng/attenuation__Noun__1
written_rep: attenuation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tłumienie
sense_list:
A gradual diminishing of strength. | (physics) A reduction in the level of some property with distance, especially the amplitude of a wave or the strength of a signal.


lexentry: eng/atter__Noun__1
written_rep: atter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jad
sense_list:
(archaic, or, UK, _, dialectal) Poisonous bodily fluid, especially venom of a venomous animal, such as a snake, dragon or other reptile; corrupt or morbid matter from the body, such as pus from a sore or wound; bitter substance, such as bile.


lexentry: eng/attestation__Noun__1
written_rep: attestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atest | certyfikat | zaświadczenie | świadectwo
sense_list:
A thing that serves to bear witness, confirm, or authenticate; validation, verification, documentation.


lexentry: eng/attic__Noun__1
written_rep: attic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: strych | poddasze | mansarda
sense_list:
The space, often unfinished and with sloped walls, directly below the roof in the uppermost part of a house or other building, generally used for storage or habitation.


lexentry: eng/attitudinize__Verb__1
written_rep: attitudinize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bawić
sense_list:
To give the appearance of, or make a show of, (something) by assuming an affected or exaggerated attitude.


lexentry: eng/attitudinize__Verb__1
written_rep: attitudinize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pozować
sense_list:
To assume an attitude or pose, especially one which is affected, exaggerated, or unnatural; to posture, to posturize; also, to excessively practise adopting attitudes or poses.


lexentry: eng/atto-__Prefix__1
written_rep: atto-
part_of_speech: prefix
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atto-
sense_list:
In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10−18 (short scale quintillionth or long scale trillionth). Symbol: a


lexentry: eng/attorney-in-fact__Noun__1
written_rep: attorney-in-fact
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pełnomocnik | plenipotent
sense_list:
(US, legal) An agent of the person giving him/her the power of attorney (for a specific purpose or for general purposes) to act on his or her behalf. The attorney-in-fact’s power and responsibilities depend on the specific powers granted in the power of attorney document.


lexentry: eng/attorney_general__Noun__1
written_rep: attorney general
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prokurator generalny
sense_list:
The chief legal advisor to the government, overseeing legal affairs and ensuring that laws are uniformly and justly applied.


lexentry: eng/attract__Verb__1
written_rep: attract
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pociągać
sense_list:
(transitive) To draw by moral, emotional or sexual influence; to engage or fix, as the mind, attention, etc.; to invite or allure.


lexentry: eng/attractive__Adjective__1
written_rep: attractive
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atrakcyjny | pociągający
sense_list:
Having the power of charming or alluring by agreeable qualities; enticing. | Pleasing or appealing to the senses, especially of a potential romantic partner.


lexentry: eng/attractor__Noun__1
written_rep: attractor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: atraktor
sense_list:
(mathematics, physics) A set of points or states to which a dynamical system evolves after a long enough time. That is, points that get close enough to the attractor remain close even if slightly disturbed.


lexentry: eng/attribution__Noun__1
written_rep: attribution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atrybucja
sense_list:
The act of attributing something. | An explicit or formal acknowledgment of ownership or authorship.


lexentry: eng/attributive_adjective__Noun__1
written_rep: attributive adjective
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: epitet
sense_list:
(grammar) An adjective that modifies the head of the noun phrase in which it occurs; an adjective that precedes the word or phrase it modifies.


lexentry: eng/attrition__Noun__1
written_rep: attrition
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: zmniejszenie
sense_list:
(human resources) A gradual, natural reduction in membership or personnel, as through injury, incapacitation, retirement, resignation, or death.


lexentry: eng/au_pair__Noun__1
written_rep: au pair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: au pair
sense_list:
A person (especially a young woman) working in such a way; now specifically, a foreign worker who helps a host family with childcare, housework, or both while staying as a guest with a host family, and generally receives a small allowance (or pocket money). [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/auctioneer__Noun__1
written_rep: auctioneer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aukcjoner
sense_list:
An individual who conducts an auction on behalf of a vendor, accepting bids to find the best price for the vendor.


lexentry: eng/audience__Noun__1
written_rep: audience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: publika | widownia | audytorium
sense_list:
A group of people within hearing; specifically, a large gathering of people listening to or watching a performance, speech, etc. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/audience_hall__Noun__1
written_rep: audience hall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aula
sense_list:
A room in which a ruler or religious official holds audience (i.e. a formal meeting with a dignitary).


lexentry: eng/audio_guide__Noun__1
written_rep: audio guide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: audioprzewodnik
sense_list:
Any of various forms of apparatus, either fixed or mobile, used to provide audio information at an exhibition, archeological site etc.


lexentry: eng/audiobook__Noun__1
written_rep: audiobook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: audiobook | książka mówiona
sense_list:
A recording, usually made available for sale, of a reading of the full text or of an abridgement of a book.


lexentry: eng/audiology__Noun__1
written_rep: audiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: audiologia
sense_list:
An allied health profession pertaining to the assessment and rehabilitation of hearing and balance disorders.


lexentry: eng/audiometry__Noun__1
written_rep: audiometry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: audiometria
sense_list:
(medicine) The quantitative assessment of a person's hearing ability, especially by means of an audiometer.


lexentry: eng/audit__Noun__1
written_rep: audit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: audyt
sense_list:
A judicial examination. | An independent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and operational procedures, and to recommend necessary changes in controls, policies, or procedures


lexentry: eng/auditor__Noun__1
written_rep: auditor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: audytor
sense_list:
One who audits bookkeeping accounts. | In many jurisdictions, an elected or appointed public official in charge of the public accounts; a comptroller.


lexentry: eng/auditor__Noun__1
written_rep: auditor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: audytor | audytorka
sense_list:
One who audits an academic course; who attends the lectures but does not earn academic credit. | (rare) One who listens, typically as a member of an audience.


lexentry: eng/augite__Noun__1
written_rep: augite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: augit
sense_list:
(mineral) A variety of pyroxene, usually of a black or dark green color, occurring in igneous rocks, such as basalt.


lexentry: eng/augment__Noun__1
written_rep: augment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: augment
sense_list:
(Indo-European languages) In some languages, a prefix *é- (अ- in Sanskrit, ἐ- in Greek) indicating a past tense of a verb.


lexentry: eng/augmentation__Noun__1
written_rep: augmentation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: augmentacja | powiększenie
sense_list:
The act or process of augmenting. | (heraldry) A particular mark of honour, granted by the sovereign in consideration of some noble action, or by favour; and either quartered with the family arms, or on an escutcheon or canton.


lexentry: eng/augmentation__Noun__1
written_rep: augmentation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: augmentacja
sense_list:
(music) A compositional technique where the composer lengthens the melody by lengthening its note values.


lexentry: eng/augur__Noun__1
written_rep: augur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: augur | wróżbita | wróżbitka
sense_list:
A diviner who foretells events by the behaviour of birds or other animals, or by signs derived from celestial phenomena, or unusual occurrences.


lexentry: eng/augur__Verb__1
written_rep: augur
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepowiadać | wróżyć | zapowiadać
sense_list:
To foretell events; to exhibit signs of future events; to indicate a favorable or an unfavorable outcome.


lexentry: eng/augury__Noun__1
written_rep: augury
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepowiednia
sense_list:
A divination based on the appearance and behaviour of animals. | (by extension) An omen or prediction; a foreboding; a prophecy.


lexentry: eng/auklet__Noun__1
written_rep: auklet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nurniczek
sense_list:
Any of several small seabirds in the genera Aethia, Cerorhinca and Ptychoramphus of the auk family Alcidae.


lexentry: eng/aunt__Noun__1
written_rep: aunt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ciocia | ciotka
sense_list:
(affectionate) A woman of an older generation than oneself, especially a friend of one's parents, by means of fictive kin.


lexentry: eng/aura__Noun__1
written_rep: aura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aura | atmosfera | klimat | nastrój
sense_list:
(figurative, with about, of) A distinctive atmosphere or quality surrounding or associated with something or someone. [from 1859]


lexentry: eng/aura__Noun__1
written_rep: aura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aura | pole biologiczne
sense_list:
(also, parapsychology) A supposed emanation from and surrounding a living person or thing, regarded by mystics as consisting of the essence of the individual. [from 1870]


lexentry: eng/aura__Noun__1
written_rep: aura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: aura
sense_list:
(pathology) A subjective sensation experienced at the onset of a neurological condition, especially a migraine headache or epileptic seizure. [from 1780s]


lexentry: eng/auricular__Adjective__1
written_rep: auricular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: audialny | audytywny | słuchowy | uszny
sense_list:
(art, relational) Pertaining to a style of ornamental decoration, originating in Northern Europe in the first half of the 17th century, that uses softly flowing abstract shapes in relief some of which bear a resemblance to the human ear; commonly used in silverware, picture frames, and architecture.


lexentry: eng/aurora__Noun__1
written_rep: aurora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zorza polarna | aurora | zorza poranna
sense_list:
An atmospheric phenomenon created by charged particles from the sun striking the upper atmosphere, creating coloured lights in the sky. It is usually named australis or borealis based on whether it is in the Southern or Northern Hemisphere respectively.


lexentry: eng/auscultation__Noun__1
written_rep: auscultation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: auskultacja
sense_list:
(medicine) Diagnosis of disorders by listening to the sounds of the internal organs, usually using a stethoscope.


lexentry: eng/austerity__Noun__1
written_rep: austerity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: polityka zaciskania pasa
sense_list:
(economics) A policy of deficit-cutting, which by definition requires lower spending, higher taxes, or both.


lexentry: eng/australopithecine__Noun__1
written_rep: australopithecine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: australopitek
sense_list:
(anthropology, paleontology) Any of several extinct hominids, belonging to the genera Australopithecus and Paranthropus in the subtribe Australopithecina when seen as distinct, and sometimes other closely related genera. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/autarky__Noun__1
written_rep: autarky
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: autarkia | autarchia | autarkizm
sense_list:
(uncountable) (A policy of) national economic self-sufficiency, aimed at ending reliance on foreign imports to sustain a domestic economy.


lexentry: eng/auteur__Noun__1
written_rep: auteur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autor
sense_list:
A creative artist, especially a film director, seen as having a specific, recognisable artistic vision, and who is seen as the single or preeminent ‘author’ of their works.


lexentry: eng/authenticate__Verb__1
written_rep: authenticate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okazać
sense_list:
(transitive) To render authentic; to give authority to, by the proof, attestation, or formalities required by law, or sufficient to entitle to credit.


lexentry: eng/authenticity__Noun__1
written_rep: authenticity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autentyczność | prawdziwość | autentyka | autentyzm
sense_list:
The quality of being genuine or not corrupted from the original, of having the same origin (or attribution, commitment, intention, etc.) as claimed.


lexentry: eng/author__Noun__1
written_rep: author
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autor | autorka
sense_list:
The originator or creator of a work, especially of a literary composition; or, one of the creators of a collaborative work.


lexentry: eng/authoritarian__Adjective__1
written_rep: authoritarian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autorytarny | autorytatywny
sense_list:
Of, or relating to, or exhibiting strict obedience to an authority; favoring authoritarianism over civic and individual liberties.


lexentry: eng/authoritarianism__Noun__1
written_rep: authoritarianism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autorytaryzm
sense_list:
A form of government in which the governing body has absolute, or almost absolute, control. Typically this control is maintained by force, and little heed is paid to public opinion or the judicial system.


lexentry: eng/authority__Noun__1
written_rep: authority
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autorytet | władza | powaga
sense_list:
(uncountable) Power or right to make or enforce rules, give orders, or impose obligation; or a position having such power or right.


lexentry: eng/authorization__Noun__1
written_rep: authorization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: umocowanie | upoważnienie | zezwolenie
sense_list:
(uncountable) The state of being authorized to do something or to be somewhere; formally granted permission.


lexentry: eng/authorize__Verb__1
written_rep: authorize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autoryzować
sense_list:
(transitive) To grant (someone) the permission or power necessary to do (something); to permit; to sanction or consent to.


lexentry: eng/autism__Noun__1
written_rep: autism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autyzm
sense_list:
(clinical psychology) A pervasive neurological condition that is observable in early childhood and persists throughout the lifespan, characterised by atypical communication patterns (e.g., differences in body language or eye contact), delayed language development, and sensory processing sensitivities. | (clinical psychology, obsolete) A diagnosis involving a pathological tendency to engage in self-centered fantasy thinking, historically considered a symptom of insanity and/or schizophrenia.


lexentry: eng/auto_racing__Noun__1
written_rep: auto racing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: automobilizm | sport samochodowy
sense_list:
(motor racing) Any of various sports in which automobiles (motor cars) are raced, either around a track, on roads or across country


lexentry: eng/auto_rickshaw__Noun__1
written_rep: auto rickshaw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autoriksza
sense_list:
A motorized rickshaw of South, Southeast and East Asia, often available for hire in the manner of a taxi.


lexentry: eng/autoblock__Noun__1
written_rep: autoblock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bloker
sense_list:
(climbing) A technique used in rappelling and ascending, with a friction hitch around the climbing rope.


lexentry: eng/autocannon__Noun__1
written_rep: autocannon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: armata automatyczna
sense_list:
A fully automatic projectile weapon similar to a machine gun, but firing shells instead of bullets and larger in calibre.


lexentry: eng/autocephaly__Noun__1
written_rep: autocephaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autokefalia
sense_list:
(Christianity) The condition where a church's leaders have severed ties to a larger body and thus no longer report to a higher authority.


lexentry: eng/autochory__Noun__1
written_rep: autochory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autochoria | samosiewność
sense_list:
(ecology) Self-dispersal of seeds, the physical and often explosive discharge of seeds from the fruit.


lexentry: eng/autochthon__Noun__1
written_rep: autochthon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: autochton
sense_list:
(geology) A large mass of rock in the place of its original formation, rooted to its basement (foundation rock) as opposed to an allochthon or nappe which has shifted from the place of formation; an autochthonous rock formation.


lexentry: eng/autoclave__Noun__1
written_rep: autoclave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autoklaw
sense_list:
A strong, pressurized, heated vessel, as for laboratory experiments, sterilization, cooking or mineral processing.


lexentry: eng/autocratic__Adjective__1
written_rep: autocratic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autokratyczny | absolutystyczny | jedynowładczy
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to autocracy or to an autocrat; absolute; holding independent and arbitrary powers of government.


lexentry: eng/autocross__Noun__1
written_rep: autocross
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autocross
sense_list:
A form of motorsport that tests the skill and speed of a driver over a course marked out with traffic cones


lexentry: eng/autocycle__Noun__1
written_rep: autocycle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autocykl
sense_list:
A vehicle somewhat like a moped, having a small motor where the pedals would be, and a petrol tank located within the frame.


lexentry: eng/autofocus__Noun__1
written_rep: autofocus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autofocus | autofokus
sense_list:
(electronics, photography) A feature of some cameras and other optical systems that allows a correct focus on the subject to be obtained automatically


lexentry: eng/autogamy__Noun__1
written_rep: autogamy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autogamia | samopylność | samozapłodnienie
sense_list:
Self-fertilization, the fertilizing pollen being derived from the same blossom as the pistil acted upon.


lexentry: eng/autogenic_training__Noun__1
written_rep: autogenic training
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trening autogeniczny
sense_list:
A type of self-hypnotic relaxation technique developed by German psychiatrist Johannes Heinrich Schultz.


lexentry: eng/autograph__Noun__1
written_rep: autograph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autograf
sense_list:
A person’s own handwriting, especially the signature of a famous or admired person. | (by extension, colloquial) A person's signature used as a mark of formal approval.


lexentry: eng/autographical__Adjective__1
written_rep: autographical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autograficzny
sense_list:
Relating to an autograph, or one's own handwriting. | Relating to, or used in, the process of autography (in lithography).


lexentry: eng/autogynephilia__Noun__1
written_rep: autogynephilia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autoginefilia
sense_list:
In Blanchard's transsexualism typology, the supposed paraphilic tendency of a male person to be sexually aroused by the thought of being a female, sometimes framed as a form of gender identity disorder or transvestic fetishism.


lexentry: eng/autogyro__Noun__1
written_rep: autogyro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autożyro | wiatrakowiec
sense_list:
(aircraft) An aircraft in which lift is provided by unpowered rotating wings and thrust is provided by a conventional propeller.


lexentry: eng/autohemotherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: autohemotherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autohemoterapia
sense_list:
(medicine) The intramuscular or subcutaneous, immediate hypodermic reinjection of blood previously removed from the patient.


lexentry: eng/autolysis__Noun__1
written_rep: autolysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autoliza
sense_list:
(pathology, cytology) The destruction of an organism's cells by enzymes produced by the organism itself.


lexentry: eng/automagical__Adjective__1
written_rep: automagical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: automagiczny
sense_list:
(computing, technology, informal) Automatic, but with an apparent element of magic. Commonly referring to complex technical processes hidden from the view of users or operators, resulting in technology that "just works".


lexentry: eng/automated_teller_machine__Noun__1
written_rep: automated teller machine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bankomat
sense_list:
(banking) A device that provides bank customers with cash withdrawal and other services without the need for a human teller.


lexentry: eng/automatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: automatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: automatyczny
sense_list:
(of a firearm such as a machine gun) Firing continuously as long as the trigger is pressed until ammunition is exhausted.


lexentry: eng/automatic_door__Noun__1
written_rep: automatic door
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: drzwi automatyczne
sense_list:
A door that senses the approach of a person (by sensors or pressure pads etc.) and opens automatically, usually by sliding sideways.


lexentry: eng/automatic_transmission__Noun__1
written_rep: automatic transmission
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: automat
sense_list:
(automotive) A vehicle transmission which shifts gears automatically in response to vehicle speed and/or load, and does not require any driver input to manually change gears under normal driving conditions; an automatic gearbox.


lexentry: eng/automation__Noun__1
written_rep: automation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: automatyzacja
sense_list:
The act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls.


lexentry: eng/automatism__Noun__1
written_rep: automatism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: automatyzm
sense_list:
(uncountable) The doctrine that animals are automata, operating according to mechanical laws. | (countable, psychology) An action performed subconsciously, without any apparent direction from the mind; a thought which appears spontaneously in one's consciousness.


lexentry: eng/automaton__Noun__1
written_rep: automaton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: automat
sense_list:
A machine or robot designed to follow a precise sequence of instructions. | A person who acts like a machine or robot, often defined as having a monotonous lifestyle and lacking in emotion.


lexentry: eng/automobile__Noun__1
written_rep: automobile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samochód | auto | automobil | fura
sense_list:
(US, Canada, Philippines, AU, NZ) A type of motor vehicle designed to move on the ground under its own stored power and intended to carry a driver, a small number of additional passengers, and a very limited amount of other load. A car or motorcar.


lexentry: eng/autonomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: autonomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autonomiczny
sense_list:
(neurology) Acting or occurring involuntarily, without conscious control. | (neuroanatomy, neurology) Pertaining to the autonomic nervous system.


lexentry: eng/autonomic_nervous_system__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomic nervous system
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autonomiczny układ nerwowy | wegetatywny układ nerwowy
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) In humans and other vertebrates, the part of the nervous system that regulates the involuntary activity of the heart, intestines and glands. These activities include digestion, respiration, perspiration, metabolism, and the modulation of blood pressure.


lexentry: eng/autonomous__Adjective__1
written_rep: autonomous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: autonomiczny | samodzielny
sense_list:
Acting on one's own or independently; of a child, acting without being governed by parental or guardian rules.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_oblast__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous oblast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obwód autonomiczny
sense_list:
One of the administrative divisions of the former Soviet Union created for certain “smaller” nations and characterized by following features: they were given an autonomy within a union republic or, in the RSFSR, within a krai; had a status lower than an autonomous republic; had a different titular nation from that of their union republic/krai. Abbreviated as AO.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_sensory_meridian_response__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous sensory meridian response
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samoistna odpowiedź meridianów czuciowych
sense_list:
A frisson characterized by a tingling sensation on the skin that typically begins on the scalp and moves down the back of the neck and upper spine.


lexentry: eng/autonomous_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomous vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samochód autonomiczny
sense_list:
A vehicle that uses mechatronics, artificial intelligence and a multi-agent system to assist its human operator.


lexentry: eng/autonomy__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: autonomia | autonomiczność
sense_list:
(government, countable) A self-governing country or region. | (mechanics, uncountable) The capacity of a system to make a decision about its actions without the involvement of another system or operator. | (Christianity, uncountable) The status of a church whose highest-ranking bishop is appointed by the patriarch of the mother church, but which is self-governing in all other respects. Compare autocephaly.


lexentry: eng/autophagy__Noun__1
written_rep: autophagy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autofagia | autofagocytoza
sense_list:
(cytology) The process of self-digestion by a cell through the action of enzymes originating within the same cell, and often a defensive or self-preservation measure.


lexentry: eng/autopilot__Noun__1
written_rep: autopilot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: automatyczny pilot | autopilot
sense_list:
(aviation, nautical) A mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic system used to guide a vehicle without assistance from a human being.


lexentry: eng/autoplasty__Noun__1
written_rep: autoplasty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przeszczep
sense_list:
(medicine, surgery, dated) The process of artificially repairing lesions by taking a piece of healthy tissue, as from a neighboring part, to supply the deficiency caused by disease or wounds. In present-day contexts likelier to be called autotransplantation or autografting.


lexentry: eng/autoprotolysis__Noun__1
written_rep: autoprotolysis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autojonizacja | autoprotoliza
sense_list:
(chemistry) The autoionization of water (or similar compounds) in which a proton (hydrogen ion) is transferred to form a cation and an anion e.g. 2H2O => H3O+ + OH-


lexentry: eng/autoregulation__Noun__1
written_rep: autoregulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autoregulacja
sense_list:
(biology) Any of several physiological processes in which an inhibitory feedback system counteracts change.


lexentry: eng/autosuggestion__Noun__1
written_rep: autosuggestion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autosugestia
sense_list:
(psychology, uncountable) The practice of suggesting thoughts to oneself, as in autohypnosis. | (psychology, countable) An instance of suggesting a thought to oneself.


lexentry: eng/autotelic__Adjective__1
written_rep: autotelic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autoteliczny
sense_list:
(psychology, of an activity, process, person or personality) Containing its own meaning or purpose; deriving meaning and purpose from within.


lexentry: eng/autotherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: autotherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autoterapia
sense_list:
(medicine) The spontaneous cure of a medical condition. | (medicine) Self-treatment of a medical condition. | (medicine) Treament of a disease by administration of filtrates from the patient's own pathological secretions, such as the ingestion of discharge from wounds.


lexentry: eng/autotomy__Noun__1
written_rep: autotomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autotomia
sense_list:
(chiefly, _, zoology) The spontaneous removal of a limb, tail etc, especially by some invertebrates as a self-defense mechanism.


lexentry: eng/autotroph__Noun__1
written_rep: autotroph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autotrof
sense_list:
(ecology) Any organism that can synthesize its food from inorganic substances, using heat or light as a source of energy.


lexentry: eng/autotrophy__Noun__1
written_rep: autotrophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autotrofia | autotrofizm | samożywność
sense_list:
(biology) The synthesis of food from inorganic substances, using heat or light as a source of energy


lexentry: eng/autumn__Noun__1
written_rep: autumn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jesień
sense_list:
Traditionally the third of the four seasons, when deciduous trees lose their leaves, and temperatures and daylight hours decrease; typically regarded as spanning the months of September, October, and November in the Northern Hemisphere, and the months of March, April and May in the Southern Hemisphere. | (fashion) A person with relatively dark hair and a warm skin tone, seen as best suited to certain colours in clothing.


lexentry: eng/autumnal_equinox__Noun__1
written_rep: autumnal equinox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równonoc jesienna
sense_list:
(astronomy) The moment when the sun appears to cross the celestial equator while tilting away from the observer, taking place in September in the northern hemisphere and March in the southern hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/auxiliary_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: auxiliary verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czasownik posiłkowy
sense_list:
(grammar) A verb that accompanies the main verb in a clause in order to make distinctions in tense, mood, voice or aspect.


lexentry: eng/auxin__Noun__1
written_rep: auxin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: auksyna
sense_list:
(botany, hormone) A class of plant growth substance (often called phytohormones or plant hormones) which play an essential role in coordination of many growth and behavioral processes in the plant life cycle.


lexentry: eng/avail__Verb__1
written_rep: avail
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: chwycić
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be of use or advantage; to answer or serve the purpose; to have strength, force, or efficacy sufficient to accomplish the object.


lexentry: eng/aval__Noun__1
written_rep: aval
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: awal
sense_list:
(finance, law) A financial guarantee by a third party to assume the burden of a debt, especially a bill of exchange in the event of default.


lexentry: eng/avalanche__Noun__1
written_rep: avalanche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lawina | awalansza
sense_list:
A large mass or body of snow and ice sliding swiftly down a mountain side, or falling down a precipice.


lexentry: eng/avalanche__Noun__1
written_rep: avalanche
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: lawina
sense_list:
A fall of earth, rocks, etc., similar to that of an avalanche of snow or ice. | (by extension) A sudden, great, or irresistible descent or influx; anything like an avalanche in suddenness and overwhelming quantity.


lexentry: eng/avania__Noun__1
written_rep: avania
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: afront
sense_list:
(historical) A tax or fee imposed on foreigners under the Ottoman Empire, especially one considered to be irregular or extortionate.


lexentry: eng/avant-garde__Noun__1
written_rep: avant-garde
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: awangarda
sense_list:
(obsolete) The vanguard of an army or other force. | Any group of people who invent or promote new techniques or concepts, especially in the arts.


lexentry: eng/avarice__Noun__1
written_rep: avarice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chciwość
sense_list:
Excessive or inordinate desire of gain; greed for wealth | Inordinate desire for some supposed good.


lexentry: eng/avaricious__Adjective__1
written_rep: avaricious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chciwy | skąpy
sense_list:
Actuated by avarice; extremely greedy for wealth or material gain; immoderately desirous of accumulating property.


lexentry: eng/avatar__Noun__1
written_rep: avatar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: awatar | awatara | personifikacja | ucieleśnienie
sense_list:
(internet, video games) A complex and dynamic digital representation of a person or being in the form of a digital model, used online as a simulation or emulation of a person, or as a person's online alter ego, in a virtual world, virtual chat room, or metaverse.


lexentry: eng/avenge__Verb__1
written_rep: avenge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pomścić | mścić | zemścić
sense_list:
(transitive) To take vengeance (for); to exact satisfaction for by punishing the injuring party; to vindicate by inflicting pain or evil on a wrongdoer. | (transitive, archaic) To treat revengefully; to wreak vengeance on.


lexentry: eng/aventail__Noun__1
written_rep: aventail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kołnierz
sense_list:
A curtain or flap of mail, fastened to a helmet, or to a coif (hood) of mail, covering the lower face, neck, and shoulders.


lexentry: eng/aventurine__Noun__1
written_rep: aventurine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: awanturyn | awenturyn | kwarc awenturynowy
sense_list:
(mineral, by extension) A variety of translucent quartz, spangled throughout with scales of yellow mica.


lexentry: eng/avenue__Noun__1
written_rep: avenue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aleja | podjazd
sense_list:
The principal walk or approach to a house which is withdrawn from the road, especially, such approach bordered on each side by trees; any broad passageway thus bordered.


lexentry: eng/average__Adjective__1
written_rep: average
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: przeciętny
sense_list:
Neither very good nor very bad; rated somewhere in the middle of all others in the same category. | Typical.


lexentry: eng/aviary__Noun__1
written_rep: aviary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ptaszarnia
sense_list:
A house, enclosure, large cage, or other place for keeping birds confined; a birdhouse. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/aviator__Noun__1
written_rep: aviator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lotnik | awiator
sense_list:
An aircraft pilot, especially a military pilot. The use of the word may imply claims of superior airmanship, as in navy aviator vs. air force pilot.


lexentry: eng/avionics__Noun__1
written_rep: avionics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: awionika
sense_list:
(aviation) The science and technology of the development and use of electrical and electronic devices in aviation. | (aviation) The devices used in avionics.


lexentry: eng/avocado__Noun__1
written_rep: avocado
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: awokado | smaczliwka
sense_list:
The large, usually yellowish-green or black, savory fruit of the avocado tree. | The avocado tree, Persea americana, of the laurel family.


lexentry: eng/avocet__Noun__1
written_rep: avocet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szablodziób
sense_list:
Any of four species of wading birds in the genus Recurvirostra, with long, slender recurved bills, long legs, and webbed feet. It is the logo of the RSPB (Royal Society for the Protection of Birds)


lexentry: eng/avoid__Verb__1
written_rep: avoid
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: unikać
sense_list:
(transitive) To try not to meet or communicate with (a person); to shun. | To try not to do something or to have something happen.


lexentry: eng/avoidance__Noun__1
written_rep: avoidance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: uniknięcie
sense_list:
(obsolete) The act of becoming vacant, or the state of being vacant, specifically used for the state of a benefice becoming void by the death, deprivation, or resignation of the incumbent.


lexentry: eng/avow__Verb__1
written_rep: avow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przyznawać
sense_list:
(transitive) To declare openly and boldly, as something believed to be right; to own, acknowledge or confess frankly.


lexentry: eng/avunculate__Noun__1
written_rep: avunculate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: awunkulat
sense_list:
(anthropology) The relationship between a man and his sister's children, generally her sons. | (anthropology) Among certain tribal peoples, for example, the Korowai, a special relationship between a man and a maternal uncle, and the mutual responsibilities between them.


lexentry: eng/await__Verb__1
written_rep: await
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: czekać | oczekiwać
sense_list:
(transitive) To be in store for; to be ready or in waiting for. | (transitive, intransitive) To serve or attend; to wait on, wait upon.


lexentry: eng/awake__Verb__1
written_rep: awake
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obudzić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To become conscious after having slept. | (transitive) To cause (somebody) to stop sleeping. | (transitive) To excite or to stir up something latent.


lexentry: eng/awaken__Verb__1
written_rep: awaken
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obudzić się
sense_list:
(intransitive) To stop sleeping; awake. | (transitive, figurative) To bring into action (something previously dormant); to stimulate.


lexentry: eng/award__Noun__1
written_rep: award
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: nagroda | odznaczenie
sense_list:
A trophy or medal; something that denotes an accomplishment, especially in a competition. A prize or honor based on merit.


lexentry: eng/award__Verb__1
written_rep: award
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: nagradzać | nagrodzić
sense_list:
(transitive) To give (an award). | (transitive, British, education) (in an examination) To give marks for a correct answer.


lexentry: eng/awareness__Noun__1
written_rep: awareness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: świadomość
sense_list:
The state or level of consciousness where sense data can be confirmed by an observer. | The state or quality of being aware of something.


lexentry: eng/awl__Noun__1
written_rep: awl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szydło
sense_list:
A pointed instrument for piercing small holes, as in leather or wood; used by shoemakers, saddlers, cabinetmakers, etc. The blade is differently shaped and pointed for different uses, as in the brad awl, saddler's awl, shoemaker's awl, etc.


lexentry: eng/awning__Noun__1
written_rep: awning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: markiza
sense_list:
A rooflike cover, usually of canvas, extended over or before any place as a shelter from the sun, rain, or wind.


lexentry: eng/axe__Noun__1
written_rep: axe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: siekiera | topór
sense_list:
A tool for felling trees or chopping wood etc. consisting of a heavy head flattened to a blade on one side, and a handle attached to it.


lexentry: eng/axil__Noun__1
written_rep: axil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pacha
sense_list:
(botany) The angle or point of divergence between the upper side of a branch, leaf, or petiole, and the stem or branch from which it springs.


lexentry: eng/axillary_hair__Noun__1
written_rep: axillary hair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: owłosienie pachowe
sense_list:
(uncountable) Androgenic hair growing in the armpit, normally beginning at the onset of, or shortly after, pubarche.


lexentry: eng/axinite__Noun__1
written_rep: axinite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksynit
sense_list:
(mineral) A borosilicate of aluminum, iron, and lime, commonly found in glassy, brown crystals with acute edges.


lexentry: eng/axiology__Noun__1
written_rep: axiology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjologia
sense_list:
(uncountable, philosophy) The study of value(s), as regards origin, nature, functions, types, and interrelations; value theory. | (countable) The particular value-theory of a philosopher, school of thought, etc.


lexentry: eng/axiom__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjomat | pewnik
sense_list:
(philosophy) A seemingly self-evident or necessary truth which is based on assumption; a principle or proposition which cannot actually be proved or disproved. | (logic, mathematics, proof theory) A fundamental assumption that serves as a basis for deduction of theorems; a postulate (sometimes distinguished from postulates as being universally applicable, whereas postulates are particular to a certain science or context).


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_choice__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom of choice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjomat wyboru | pewnik wyboru
sense_list:
(set theory) One of the axioms of set theory, equivalent to the statement that an arbitrary direct product of non-empty sets is non-empty; any version of said axiom, for example specifying the cardinality of the number of sets from which choices are made.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_extensionality__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom of extensionality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjomat ekstensjonalności
sense_list:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory, equivalent to the statement that two sets are equal if and only if they contain the same elements.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_infinity__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom of infinity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjomat nieskończoności
sense_list:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory that guarantees the existence of an infinite set.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_pairing__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom of pairing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjomat pary
sense_list:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory, equivalent to the statement that if two sets exist, there exists a set with those two sets as its sole elements.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_regularity__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom of regularity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjomat regularności
sense_list:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory, equivalent to the statement that every non-empty set contains a member that is disjoint from that set.


lexentry: eng/axiom_of_union__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom of union
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjomat sumy
sense_list:
(set theory) One of the axioms in axiomatic set theory, equivalent to the statement that a union exists for any set, containing exactly all the elements contained within the sets within that set.


lexentry: eng/axiomatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: axiomatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjomatyczny
sense_list:
Self-evident or unquestionable. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.] | (mathematics) Relating to or containing axioms. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/axiomatization__Noun__1
written_rep: axiomatization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjomatyzacja
sense_list:
The reduction of some system or concept to a set of axioms. | The result of establishing a concept within a system of axioms; axiomatic system.


lexentry: eng/axion__Noun__1
written_rep: axion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksjon
sense_list:
(physics) A hypothetical subatomic particle postulated to resolve certain symmetry problems concerning the strong nuclear force.


lexentry: eng/axis__Noun__1
written_rep: axis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oś
sense_list:
(geometry) An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry). | (mathematics) A fixed one-dimensional figure, such as a line or arc, with an origin and orientation and such that its points are in one-to-one correspondence with a set of numbers; an axis forms part of the basis of a space or is used to position and locate data in a graph (a coordinate axis)


lexentry: eng/axis_of_evil__Noun__1
written_rep: axis of evil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oś zła
sense_list:
A group of states accused by George W. Bush of sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction, originally defined as Iran, Iraq, and North Korea.


lexentry: eng/axle__Noun__2
written_rep: axle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oś
sense_list:
The pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel. | (geometry, astronomy, archaic) An axis.


lexentry: eng/axletree__Noun__1
written_rep: axletree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: łodyga
sense_list:
A bar or beam of wood or iron, connecting the opposite wheels of a carriage, on the ends of which the wheels revolve.


lexentry: eng/axon__Noun__1
written_rep: axon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: akson | neuryt
sense_list:
(cytology) A nerve fibre which is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, and which conducts nerve impulses away from the body of the cell to a synapse.


lexentry: eng/axonometric__Adjective__1
written_rep: axonometric
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aksonometryczny
sense_list:
(technical drawing) Describing a projection in which the horizontal and vertical axes are to the same scale, but the third axis is reduced to allow for perspective


lexentry: eng/aye-aye__Noun__1
written_rep: aye-aye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: palczak madagaskarski | palczak
sense_list:
The lemur Daubentonia madagascariensis, a solitary nocturnal quadruped found in Madagascar and remarkable for its long fingers, sharp nails, and rodent-like incisor teeth.


lexentry: eng/aye_aye,_sir__Phrase__1
written_rep: aye aye, sir
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tak jest
sense_list:
(idiomatic, nautical) The correct and seamanlike reply, onboard a Royal Navy (or US Navy) ship, on receipt of an order from someone of senior rank or authority. It means "I understand the command and hasten to comply with the order."


lexentry: eng/azeotrope__Noun__1
written_rep: azeotrope
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azeotrop
sense_list:
(physics) A mixture of two or more substances whose liquid and gaseous forms have the same composition (at a certain pressure); the substances cannot be separated by normal distillation.


lexentry: eng/azimuth__Noun__1
written_rep: azimuth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azymut
sense_list:
An arc of the horizon intercepted between the meridian of the place and a vertical circle passing through the center of any object. | The quadrant of an azimuth circle.


lexentry: eng/azo_compound__Noun__1
written_rep: azo compound
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azozwiązek
sense_list:
(organic compound) an organic compound of the general formula R-N=N-R1; they are often colored and are the basis of many synthetic dyes; a diazene


lexentry: eng/azotometer__Noun__1
written_rep: azotometer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azotometr
sense_list:
(inorganic chemistry, obsolete) An apparatus for measuring or determining the proportion of nitrogen.


lexentry: eng/azure__Noun__1
written_rep: azure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: błękit | lazur
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) The clear blue colour of the sky; also, a pigment or dye of this colour. | (poetic) The unclouded sky; the blue vault above.


lexentry: eng/azurite__Noun__1
written_rep: azurite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: azuryt
sense_list:
(mineral) A blue vitreous mineral; a basic hydrated copper carbonate, with the chemical formula Cu2+3(CO3)2(OH)2, used since antiquity as a blue pigment or ores to extract metallic copper.


lexentry: eng/baba__Noun__1
written_rep: baba
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baba
sense_list:
A kind of sponge cake soaked in rum-flavoured syrup. | (Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism) A holy man, a spiritual leader.


lexentry: eng/baba_ganoush__Noun__1
written_rep: baba ganoush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baba ghanoush
sense_list:
A Middle Eastern dish made from a purée of roasted aubergine (eggplant), garlic, and tahini, often eaten as a dip with bread.


lexentry: eng/babka__Noun__1
written_rep: babka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: babka
sense_list:
A Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins; or with some single flavoring, e.g. chocolate, lemon, etc.


lexentry: eng/baboon__Noun__1
written_rep: baboon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pawian
sense_list:
An Old World monkey of the genus Papio, having dog-like muzzles and large canine teeth, cheek pouches, a short tail, and naked callosities on the buttocks. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.] | (colloquial, derogatory) A foolish or boorish person.


lexentry: eng/babushka__Noun__1
written_rep: babushka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: chusta
sense_list:
(originally, North American) A traditional floral headscarf worn by an Eastern European woman, tied under the chin. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/baby's_breath__Noun__1
written_rep: baby's breath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gipsówka | łyszczec
sense_list:
A genus, Gypsophila, of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe, Asia and north Africa.


lexentry: eng/baby's_tears__Noun__1
written_rep: baby's tears
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: solejrolia rozesłana
sense_list:
Any of various plants having parts (such as leaves or spots on leaves, petals, etc.) resembling teardrops; specifically, angel's tears (Soleirolia soleirolii), a plant in the nettle family grown as a green, mossy ground cover.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
written_rep: baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niemowlę | niemowlak | dzidziuś | dziecko | maluch
sense_list:
A very young human, particularly from birth to a couple of years old or until walking is fully mastered. | A very young human, even if not yet born.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
written_rep: baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: kochanie | skarb
sense_list:
A person's romantic partner; a term of endearment used to refer to or address e.g. one's girlfriend, boyfriend, or spouse.


lexentry: eng/baby_boom__Noun__1
written_rep: baby boom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: wyż demograficzny
sense_list:
(singulare tantum) The increase in the birth rate following the return of servicemen at the end of World War II.


lexentry: eng/baby_face__Noun__1
written_rep: baby face
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: słodki
sense_list:
(professional wrestling, slang) A headlining wrestler with a persona embodying heroic or virtuous traits and who is regarded as a "good guy", especially one who is handsome and well-conditioned.


lexentry: eng/baby_hatch__Noun__1
written_rep: baby hatch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: okno życia
sense_list:
A place where a person (typically the mother) can bring a baby to abandon it so that somebody else can find and care for it.


lexentry: eng/baby_of_the_family__Noun__1
written_rep: baby of the family
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: najmłodszy członek rodziny
sense_list:
A member of an immediate family who behaves as, or is treated as though they were the youngest member of a family.


lexentry: eng/baby_powder__Noun__1
written_rep: baby powder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zasypka
sense_list:
An astringent powder used for preventing diaper rash, as a deodorant, and for other cosmetic purposes.


lexentry: eng/baby_talk__Noun__1
written_rep: baby talk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: gaworzenie
sense_list:
(linguistics) The prelanguage, and subsequent developing language, used by small children, incorporating crying, cooing, and babbling in sequence before the acquisition of adult language capabilities.


lexentry: eng/babysitter__Noun__1
written_rep: babysitter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baby-sitterka
sense_list:
A person who cares for one or more babies or children for a short period of time in place of their legal guardians.


lexentry: eng/baccalaureate__Noun__1
written_rep: baccalaureate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bakalaureat
sense_list:
A high school completion exam and qualification awarded in many countries (e.g. Finland, France, Moldova, Romania), designed to enable students to go on to higher education.


lexentry: eng/baccarat__Noun__1
written_rep: baccarat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bakarat
sense_list:
(card games) A card game resembling chemin de fer with many forms - usually entailing the player(s) betting against two or three hands dealt - also bearing some similarities to blackjack.


lexentry: eng/bachelor_pad__Noun__1
written_rep: bachelor pad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: garsoniera | kawalerka
sense_list:
(US) A nice, well-furnished dwelling where an unmarried man lives, usually by himself, but sometimes with other men.


lexentry: eng/bachelor_party__Noun__1
written_rep: bachelor party
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wieczór kawalerski
sense_list:
(US, Canada, South Africa) A party held for a man who is about to be married, normally attended only by male friends and relatives.


lexentry: eng/bacillus__Noun__1
written_rep: bacillus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: laseczka | pałeczka
sense_list:
Any of various rod-shaped, spore-forming aerobic bacteria in the genus Bacillus, some of which cause disease.


lexentry: eng/back-formation__Noun__1
written_rep: back-formation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: derywacja wsteczna
sense_list:
(uncountable, linguistics) The process by which a new word is formed from an older word by interpreting the former as a derivative of the latter, often by removing a morpheme (real or perceived) from the older word, such as the verb burgle, formed by removing -ar (perceived as an agent-noun suffix) from burglar.


lexentry: eng/back-of-the-envelope__Adjective__1
written_rep: back-of-the-envelope
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kapsel do piwa
sense_list:
(idiomatic, informal) Especially of a calculation, estimation, or other reasoning, or an idea: approximate, rough, simplified. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/back-seat_driver__Noun__1
written_rep: back-seat driver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pasażer dający niepożądane rady
sense_list:
A person sitting (typically) in the back seat of a car issuing (unsolicited and usually unwanted) instructions to the driver.


lexentry: eng/back-seat_driver__Noun__1
written_rep: back-seat driver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: niepożądany doradca | pasażer dający niepożądane rady
sense_list:
(figuratively) An opinionated person who offers (unsolicited and often unwanted) advice on the best way to handle a situation.


lexentry: eng/back-translation__Noun__1
written_rep: back-translation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: retranslacja
sense_list:
(translation studies, uncountable) The process of translating a previously translated document back into the original language. | (translation studies, countable) A text which has been translated in such a fashion.


lexentry: eng/back-transliteration__Noun__1
written_rep: back-transliteration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: transliteracja wteczna
sense_list:
(translation studies, uncountable) The process of transliterating a transliteration back into the original script. | (translation studies, countable) A text formed through such a process.


lexentry: eng/back__Adjective__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: tylny | zadni
sense_list:
(comparable, phonetics) Pronounced with the highest part of the body of the tongue toward the back of the mouth, near the soft palate (most often describing a vowel).


lexentry: eng/back__Noun__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: plecy | tył | koniec | oparcie
sense_list:
The rear of the body, especially the part between the neck and the end of the spine and opposite the chest and belly.


lexentry: eng/back_and_forth__Noun__1
written_rep: back and forth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ruch tam i z powrotem
sense_list:
The movement (of someone or something) forward followed by a return to the same position. May refer to a concept such as an emotional state or a relationship as well as a physical thing.


lexentry: eng/back_away__Verb__1
written_rep: back away
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odkładać
sense_list:
(intransitive) To move in a direction opposite to that which one is facing, keeping one's attention on the thing in front being avoided.


lexentry: eng/back_cover__Noun__1
written_rep: back cover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tylna okładka
sense_list:
The cover on the opposite side of the front cover of a book, magazine, etc; back of the book; associated with sports pages in publications.


lexentry: eng/back_in_the_day__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: back in the day
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kiedyś
sense_list:
(temporal location, idiomatic, informal) In the distant past; especially, at a time fondly remembered (the good old days).


lexentry: eng/back_scrubber__Noun__1
written_rep: back scrubber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: szczotka do szorowania pleców
sense_list:
A utensil in the form of a brush or a sponge on a long handle, used to scrub the back while bathing.


lexentry: eng/back_street__Noun__1
written_rep: back street
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zaułek
sense_list:
A usually small and narrow street or alley, especially one in inferior or poorer parts of a city, away from the centre.


lexentry: eng/back_vowel__Noun__1
written_rep: back vowel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: samogłoska tylna
sense_list:
(phonetics) Any vowel sound produced in the back of the mouth, such as /uː/ in rule or /əʊ/ in pole.


lexentry: eng/backbencher__Noun__1
written_rep: backbencher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: członek parlamentu
sense_list:
(politics) A Member of Parliament who does not have cabinet rank, and who therefore sits on one of the backbenches or in one of the back rows of the legislature.


lexentry: eng/backbend__Noun__1
written_rep: backbend
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: most
sense_list:
(gymnastics, dance) A move in which the performer bends backwards until the hands touch the floor or catches him/herself with the hands.


lexentry: eng/backbone__Noun__1
written_rep: backbone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kręgosłup
sense_list:
(countable) The series of vertebrae, separated by disks, that encloses and protects the spinal cord, and runs down the middle of the back in vertebrate animals.


lexentry: eng/backflow__Noun__1
written_rep: backflow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przepływ zwrotny
sense_list:
The flow of a fluid (through a pipe etc.) in a direction opposite to that which is normal or intended.


lexentry: eng/backgammon__Noun__1
written_rep: backgammon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tryktrak | nardy
sense_list:
A board game for two players in which each has 15 stones which move between 24 triangular points according to the roll of a pair of dice; the object is to move all of one's pieces around, and bear them off the board.


lexentry: eng/background_music__Noun__1
written_rep: background music
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: podkład
sense_list:
(music) Any music in a film, video game, or other medium that establishes mood and is not meant to be the focus of attention.


lexentry: eng/backhand__Noun__1
written_rep: backhand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bekhend
sense_list:
(tennis) A stroke made across the chest from the off-hand side to the racquet hand side; a stroke during which the back of the hand faces the shot.


lexentry: eng/backhanded_compliment__Noun__1
written_rep: backhanded compliment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dwuznaczny komplement
sense_list:
(idiomatic) An insult disguised as a compliment; a compliment which can be interpreted as an insult.


lexentry: eng/backheel__Noun__1
written_rep: backheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piętka | zagranie piętą
sense_list:
(soccer) A kick played by the heel which typically travels in the opposite direction from which the player is facing.


lexentry: eng/backhoe__Noun__1
written_rep: backhoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: koparkoładowarka
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) A multi-purpose tractor with a front-mounted loading bucket and a rear-mounted digging bucket. The tractor combines a front-end loader/loader (component) and an excavator/digger (component).


lexentry: eng/backlash__Noun__1
written_rep: backlash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: luz
sense_list:
(mechanics) The looseness through which one part of connected machinery, such as a wheel, gear, piston, or screw, can be moved without moving the connected parts, or a measurement of the distance moved thereby; either intentional (as allowance) or unintentional (from error or wear).Wagon wheel structure showing felk


lexentry: eng/backpack__Noun__1
written_rep: backpack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: plecak
sense_list:
A knapsack, sometimes mounted on a light frame, but always supported by straps, worn on a person’s back for the purpose of carrying things, especially when hiking, or on a student's back when carrying books.


lexentry: eng/backpacker__Noun__1
written_rep: backpacker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: turysta z plecakiem | turystka z plecakiem
sense_list:
A traveler whose luggage consists of a backpack; especially, such a traveler who uses hostels, public transport, and other inexpensive services.


lexentry: eng/backpedal__Verb__1
written_rep: backpedal
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: wycofać się | wycofywać się
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To distance oneself from an earlier claim or statement; back off from an idea.


lexentry: eng/backronym__Noun__1
written_rep: backronym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: wtórny akronim
sense_list:
A word that is originally not an acronym but is turned into one by devising a full form for it, sometimes as a folk etymology, sometimes as a contrived acronym to name a new organization, proposal, or other entity.


lexentry: eng/backside__Noun__1
written_rep: backside
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tyłek
sense_list:
(euphemism) A person's buttocks. | The back side of an estate: the backyard and outbuildings behind a main house, especially (UK, _, dialect, euphemism) an outhouse. | The back side of anything, the part opposite its front, particularly:


lexentry: eng/backspace__Noun__1
written_rep: backspace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ustępować
sense_list:
(computing) A keyboard key used for removing a character behind the cursor, and moving the cursor one position backwards.


lexentry: eng/backsplash__Noun__1
written_rep: backsplash
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kredencja
sense_list:
A vertical covering on a wall rising above a countertop or other work surface to protect the wall from spills and to decorate the wall.


lexentry: eng/backstab__Verb__1
written_rep: backstab
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oszukiwać
sense_list:
(transitive) To attack someone (especially verbally) unfairly in a deceitful, underhand, or treacherous manner, especially when they're not present in the place or situation that it happens.


lexentry: eng/backstabber__Noun__1
written_rep: backstabber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: żmija
sense_list:
A traitor or hypocrite, such as a co-worker or friend assumed trustworthy but who figuratively attacks when one's back is turned.


lexentry: eng/backstage__Noun__1
written_rep: backstage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zascenie | arierscena
sense_list:
The area behind a stage out of view of the audience where performers wait to give their show; especially that of the dressing rooms.


lexentry: eng/backstay__Noun__1
written_rep: backstay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: achtersztag | aftersztag
sense_list:
(nautical) A part of the rigging of a sailing ship extending from the top of the mast (masthead) to the back of the ship; they support the strain on all upper masts and provide additional support to the shrouds when the wind is abaft the beam.


lexentry: eng/backstitch__Noun__1
written_rep: backstitch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stębnówka | ścieg stębnowy
sense_list:
(sewing) A type of sewing stitch where the stitch goes backwards on the top side of the fabric and doubles forward on the bottom, coming out farther in front, then repeats. The backstitch is a very tight and secure stitch, and also looks very neat.


lexentry: eng/backstory__Noun__1
written_rep: backstory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: historia | przedakcja | realia
sense_list:
The previous experiences and life of a person, specifically (narratology, especially in, _, film, television) a character in a dramatic work.


lexentry: eng/backstroke__Noun__1
written_rep: backstroke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: styl grzbietowy
sense_list:
(swimming) A stroke swum lying on one's back, while rotating both arms through the water as to propel the swimmer backwards.


lexentry: eng/backup__Noun__1
written_rep: backup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: backup | kopia bezpieczeństwa | kopia zapasowa
sense_list:
(computing) A copy of a file or record, stored separately from the original, that can be used to recover the original if it is damaged or destroyed.


lexentry: eng/backward__Adjective__1
written_rep: backward
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archaiczny | przestarzały
sense_list:
Situated toward or at the rear of something. | (chess) Of a pawn, further behind than pawns of the same colour on adjacent files and unable to be moved forward safely.


lexentry: eng/backwardation__Noun__1
written_rep: backwardation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: deport
sense_list:
In full normal backwardation: the situation in a futures market where the price for future delivery of a commodity (the forward price) is lower than the price for immediate delivery (the spot price) or nearer delivery, generally arising from a near-term shortage of the commodity.


lexentry: eng/backwater__Noun__1
written_rep: backwater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prowincja | zaścianek
sense_list:
(idiomatic, usually, figurative) A remote place: somewhere that remains unaffected by new events, progresses, ideas, etc; any field of endeavor that figuratively resembles such a place.


lexentry: eng/backwoods__Noun__1
written_rep: backwoods
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dziura zabita deskami
sense_list:
A remote or sparsely inhabited region, especially in North America; away from big towns and from the influence of modern life.


lexentry: eng/bacteriochlorophyll__Noun__1
written_rep: bacteriochlorophyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bakteriochlorofil | chlorofil bakteryjny
sense_list:
(biology) A photosynthetic pigment related to the chlorophylls, occurring in various bacteria doing anoxygenic photosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/bacteriology__Noun__1
written_rep: bacteriology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bakteriologia
sense_list:
(biology, microbiology) The scientific study of bacteria, especially in relation to disease and agriculture.


lexentry: eng/bacteriostatic__Adjective__1
written_rep: bacteriostatic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bakteriostatyczny
sense_list:
Of or relating to bacteriostasis or a bacteriostat; inhibiting the growth of bacteria without destroying them.


lexentry: eng/bad__Adjective__3
written_rep: bad
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: zły | uszkodzony | wadliwy
sense_list:
Bold, daring, and tough. | (US) Overly promiscuous, licentious. | (originally, _, AAVE, of a woman) Very attractive; hot, sexy.


lexentry: eng/bad__Adjective__3
written_rep: bad
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: zły | nieświeży | uszkodzony | wadliwy
sense_list:
(Internet slang, sarcastic) Used without a copula to mock people who oppose something without having any real understanding of it.


lexentry: eng/bad__Adjective__3
written_rep: bad
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: zły
sense_list:
(chiefly in "bad boy", "bad girl", and similar phrases) Attractive due to (one's) rebellious nature.


lexentry: eng/bad_apple__Noun__1
written_rep: bad apple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: czarna owca
sense_list:
(idiomatic, often, in the plural) A person who is not wholesome, honest, or trustworthy, especially one who has an adverse influence on others.


lexentry: eng/bad_breath__Noun__1
written_rep: bad breath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cuchnący oddech
sense_list:
(medicine, dentistry, informal) Breath that produces an unpleasant or foul-smelling odor when exhaled.


lexentry: eng/bad_debt__Noun__1
written_rep: bad debt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieściągalne należności | nieściągalne wierzytelności
sense_list:
(business, accounting) A debt which cannot be recovered from the debtor, either because the debtor lacks the money to pay or because the debtor cannot be found and/or forced to pay.


lexentry: eng/bad_faith__Noun__1
written_rep: bad faith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: zła wiara
sense_list:
(legal) An intent to deceive or mislead another to gain some advantage; dishonesty or fraud in a transaction (such as knowingly misrepresenting the quality of something that is being bought or sold). | (legal) A malicious motive by a party in a lawsuit, which has an effect on the ability to maintain causes of action and obtain legal remedies. | (philosophy) The existentialist concept of denying one's total freedom of will.


lexentry: eng/bad_things_come_in_threes__Proverb__1
written_rep: bad things come in threes
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nieszczęścia chodzą parami
sense_list:
If one unfortunate event has already occurred, a second and third are likely to occur; if two, a third should be expected.


lexentry: eng/bad_trip__Noun__1
written_rep: bad trip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bad trip
sense_list:
(slang, drug use) An acute adverse psychological reaction to effects produced under the influence of psychoactive substances, namely hallucinogens.


lexentry: eng/badass__Adjective__1
written_rep: badass
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: hardkorowy | kozacki | okrutny | srogi | zajebisty | zarąbisty
sense_list:
(US, sometimes considered, _, vulgar, slang, positive connotation) Having an extreme appearance, attitude, or behavior that is considered admirable.


lexentry: eng/badass__Noun__1
written_rep: badass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chojrak | hardkor | kozak | sukinkot | zabijaka
sense_list:
(US, sometimes considered, _, vulgar, slang, negative connotation) A belligerent or mean person; a person with an unpleasantly extreme appearance, attitudes, or behavior.


lexentry: eng/badass__Noun__1
written_rep: badass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: hardkor | kozak
sense_list:
(US, sometimes considered, _, vulgar, slang, positive connotation) A person considered impressive due to courage, skill, daring, audacity, and/or toughness.


lexentry: eng/badge__Noun__1
written_rep: badge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odznaka | blacha
sense_list:
A distinctive mark, token, sign, emblem or cognizance, worn on one’s clothing, as an insignia of some rank, or of the membership of an organization. | Something characteristic; a mark; a token. | (heraldry) A distinctive mark worn by servants, retainers, and followers of royalty or nobility, who, being beneath the rank of gentlemen, have no right to armorial bearings.


lexentry: eng/badge_of_shame__Noun__1
written_rep: badge of shame
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: znak wstydu
sense_list:
a distinctive symbol required to be worn by a specific group or an individual for the purpose of public humiliation, ostracism, or persecution


lexentry: eng/badminton__Noun__1
written_rep: badminton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: badminton
sense_list:
(uncountable) A racquet sport played indoors on a court by two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs of players (doubles), in which a shuttlecock is volleyed over a net and the competitions are presided by an umpire in British English and a referee in American English.


lexentry: eng/bag__Noun__1
written_rep: bag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: torba | torebka
sense_list:
A container made of leather, plastic, or other material, usually with a handle or handles, in which you carry personal items, or clothes or other things that you need for travelling. Includes shopping bags, schoolbags, suitcases, briefcases, handbags, backpacks, etc.


lexentry: eng/bagatelle__Noun__1
written_rep: bagatelle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bagatela
sense_list:
A trifle; an insubstantial thing. | (literature, music) A short piece of literature or of instrumental music, typically light or playful in character.


lexentry: eng/baggage_claim__Noun__1
written_rep: baggage claim
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: odbiór bagażu
sense_list:
(US) The designated location for receiving checked luggage, such as the baggage carousels at an airport.


lexentry: eng/bagpipes__Noun__1
written_rep: bagpipes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dudy
sense_list:
A musical wind instrument possessing a flexible bag inflated by bellows, a double-reed melody pipe and up to four drone pipes; any aerophone that produces sound using air from a reservoir to vibrate enclosed reeds.


lexentry: eng/baiji__Noun__1
written_rep: baiji
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baji chiński
sense_list:
A freshwater dolphin (†Lipotes vexillifer), only found in the Yangtze River, and declared functionally extinct in 2006.


lexentry: eng/baijiu__Noun__1
written_rep: baijiu
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baijiu
sense_list:
A clear Chinese distilled alcoholic beverage, generally distilled from sorghum and about 40–60% alcohol by volume.


lexentry: eng/bail__Noun__1
written_rep: bail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kaucja
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) Security, usually a sum of money, exchanged for the release of an arrested person as a guarantee of that person's appearance for trial.


lexentry: eng/bail_bond__Noun__1
written_rep: bail bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: posesja
sense_list:
(US) A surety, used to obtain the release of a criminal defendant who has been required to give bail.


lexentry: eng/bailiff__Noun__1
written_rep: bailiff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: komornik | baliw
sense_list:
(historical, Norman term) A reeve, (specifically) the chief officer executing the decisions of any English court in the period following the Norman Conquest or executing the decisions of lower courts in the late medieval and early modern period.


lexentry: eng/bailiff__Noun__1
written_rep: bailiff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: baliw
sense_list:
(historical) A head of a district ("bailiwick") of the Knights Hospitaller; a head of one of the national associations ("tongues") of the Hospitallers' headquarters on Rhodes or Malta.


lexentry: eng/bain-marie__Noun__1
written_rep: bain-marie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bemar
sense_list:
(cooking) A large pan containing hot water, into which other smaller pans are set in order to cook food slowly, or to keep food warm.


lexentry: eng/bait__Noun__1
written_rep: bait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: przynęta
sense_list:
Any substance, especially food, used in catching fish, or other animals, by alluring them to a hook, snare, trap, or net.


lexentry: eng/bait__Noun__1
written_rep: bait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: przynęta | wabik
sense_list:
Anything which allures; something or someone used to lure or entice someone or something into doing something


lexentry: eng/baize__Noun__1
written_rep: baize
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baja
sense_list:
A thick, soft, usually woolen cloth resembling felt; often colored green and used for coverings on card tables, billiard and snooker tables, etc.


lexentry: eng/bake__Verb__1
written_rep: bake
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piec
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive, or, ditransitive, with person as subject) To cook (something) in an oven (for someone). | (intransitive, with baked thing as subject) To be cooked in an oven.


lexentry: eng/baked_good__Noun__1
written_rep: baked good
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pieczywo
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) An item or class of items with a flour as a main ingredient, prepared by baking.


lexentry: eng/baklava__Noun__1
written_rep: baklava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baklawa | baklava
sense_list:
A sweet pastry found in many cuisines of the Middle East and the Balkans, made of chopped nuts layered with phyllo pastry. [since c. 1650; modern spelling since 1800s]


lexentry: eng/balaclava__Noun__1
written_rep: balaclava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: kominiarka
sense_list:
A type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool.


lexentry: eng/balalaika__Noun__1
written_rep: balalaika
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bałałajka | bałabajka
sense_list:
A plucked stringed instrument with a triangular body, short neck and three strings, of Russian origin.


lexentry: eng/balance__Noun__1
written_rep: balance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: bilans
sense_list:
(uncountable) The overall result of conflicting forces, opinions etc.; the influence which ultimately "weighs" more than others.


lexentry: eng/balance__Verb__1
written_rep: balance
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: balansować
sense_list:
(transitive) To hold (an object or objects) precariously; to support on a narrow base, so as to keep from falling.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_power__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of power
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równowaga sił
sense_list:
(politics, government) A situation of equilibrium in which no country is powerful enough to control, or threaten the interests of, the others.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_probabilities__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of probabilities
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równowaga prawdopodobieństwa
sense_list:
(legal) A legal standard, applied in many jurisdictions for deciding the outcome of civil disputes, which requires that a dispute be decided in favor of the party whose claims are more likely to be true.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_terror__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of terror
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: równowaga strachu
sense_list:
(historical) The tenuous peace that existed during the nuclear arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.


lexentry: eng/balance_of_trade__Noun__1
written_rep: balance of trade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bilans handlowy
sense_list:
(economics, trade) The difference between the monetary value of exports and imports in an economy over a certain period of time.


lexentry: eng/balance_sheet__Noun__1
written_rep: balance sheet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bilans
sense_list:
(accounting) A summary of a person's or organization's assets, liabilities and equity as of a specific date.


lexentry: eng/balance_wheel__Noun__1
written_rep: balance wheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balans | balansjer
sense_list:
The timekeeping device normally used in mechanical watches and small clocks, consisting of a wheel which oscillates due to a coiled spring.


lexentry: eng/balayage__Noun__1
written_rep: balayage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balejaż
sense_list:
(cosmetics) A hair colouring technique in which colour is applied by hand. | (mathematics) A method for reconstructing a harmonic function.


lexentry: eng/balcony__Noun__1
written_rep: balcony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balkon
sense_list:
(architectural element) An accessible structure extending from a building, especially outside a window. | An accessible structure overlooking a stage or the like.


lexentry: eng/bald_cypress__Noun__1
written_rep: bald cypress
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cypryśnik błotny
sense_list:
Taxodium distichum, deciduous conifer trees native to often-flooded areas of the southeastern and south central parts of the United States.


lexentry: eng/bald_eagle__Noun__1
written_rep: bald eagle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bielik amerykański
sense_list:
Haliaeetus leucocephalus, a species of eagle native to North America and notable for the white plumage on its head.


lexentry: eng/baldric__Noun__1
written_rep: baldric
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pendent
sense_list:
A broad belt, originally of leather and often richly ornamented, worn diagonally from shoulder to hip (across the breast and under the opposite arm), which was formerly used to hold a sword, a bugle, etc., and is now chiefly worn for ceremonial purposes; also (loosely) , any belt. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/bale__Noun__3
written_rep: bale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bela
sense_list:
A bundle of compressed fibers (especially hay, straw, cotton, or wool), compacted for shipping and handling and bound by twine or wire. | A measurement of paper equal to 10 reams.


lexentry: eng/baleen__Noun__1
written_rep: baleen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fiszbin
sense_list:
(physiology, uncountable) keratinous material that makes up the plates in the mouth of the baleen whale (Mysticeti), which it uses to trap its food; formerly used in corsetry.


lexentry: eng/baleen_whale__Noun__1
written_rep: baleen whale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fiszbinowiec
sense_list:
Any of several large whales, of the parvorder Mysticeti, that have plates of whalebone (baleen) instead of teeth.


lexentry: eng/balisong__Noun__1
written_rep: balisong
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: delfin
sense_list:
A folding pocket knife with two handles counter-rotating around the tang such that, when closed, the blade is concealed within grooves in the handles.


lexentry: eng/balk__Noun__1
written_rep: balk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: bal | dyl | kloc
sense_list:
Beam, crossbeam; squared timber; a tie beam of a house, stretching from wall to wall, especially when laid so as to form a loft, "the balks".


lexentry: eng/ball-and-socket_joint__Noun__1
written_rep: ball-and-socket joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rzepka
sense_list:
A joint in which one segment has a rounded end and the next segment has a bowl-shaped end, with the rounded end being fitted into the bowl shape, allowing the first segment to move around an indefinite number of axes which have one common center. Examples include the human shoulder joint and the balljoints of some automotive suspensions.


lexentry: eng/ball__Noun__1
written_rep: ball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: kula
sense_list:
(mathematics) The set of points in a metric space of any number of dimensions lying within a given distance (the radius) of a given point. | (ballistics, firearms) A solid, spherical nonexplosive missile for a cannon, rifle, gun, etc.


lexentry: eng/ball__Noun__1
written_rep: ball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: piłka | kula
sense_list:
(printing, historical) A leather-covered cushion, fastened to a handle called a ballstock; formerly used by printers for inking the form, then superseded by the roller.


lexentry: eng/ball_boy__Noun__1
written_rep: ball boy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chłopiec do piłek
sense_list:
(sports) A person, usually male, responsible for retrieving balls from the area of play, and returning them to the players.


lexentry: eng/ball_in_hand__Noun__1
written_rep: ball in hand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piłka ręczna
sense_list:
In billiards, a circumstance in which a fault by another player, such as a scratch, permits the competitor to take the cue ball in hand and place it anywhere on the table.


lexentry: eng/ball_lightning__Noun__1
written_rep: ball lightning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: piorun kulisty
sense_list:
A short-lived glowing ball sometimes observed to float in the air and thought to consist of ionized gas associated with thunderstorms.


lexentry: eng/ballad__Noun__1
written_rep: ballad
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ballada
sense_list:
A kind of narrative poem, adapted for recitation or singing; especially, a sentimental or romantic poem in short stanzas. | A slow romantic song.


lexentry: eng/ballast__Noun__1
written_rep: ballast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balast
sense_list:
(nautical) Heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship (or in the gondola of a balloon), to provide stability.


lexentry: eng/ballast__Noun__1
written_rep: ballast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: balast | podsypka
sense_list:
Coarse gravel or similar material laid to form a bed for roads or railroads, or in making concrete; track ballast.


lexentry: eng/ballast_resistor__Noun__1
written_rep: ballast resistor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bareter
sense_list:
An electrical resistor whose resistance varies with the current passing through it, and thus tends to maintain a constant current


lexentry: eng/ballerina__Noun__1
written_rep: ballerina
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balerina | baletnica
sense_list:
(commonly) A female ballet dancer. | (less common, non-standard) A male ballet dancer; Synonym of ballerino.


lexentry: eng/ballet__Noun__1
written_rep: ballet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balet
sense_list:
(dances) A classical form of dance. | A theatrical presentation of such dancing, usually with music, sometimes in the form of a story. | The company of persons who perform this dance.


lexentry: eng/ballista__Noun__1
written_rep: ballista
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balista
sense_list:
(weaponry, historical) An ancient military engine, in the form of a crossbow, used for hurling large missiles.


lexentry: eng/ballistic_missile__Noun__1
written_rep: ballistic missile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pocisk balistyczny | rakieta balistyczna
sense_list:
(military, rocketry) A missile that is initially guided, but then follows a ballistic (freely falling) trajectory.


lexentry: eng/ballistics__Noun__1
written_rep: ballistics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balistyka
sense_list:
(physics) The science of objects that predominantly fly under the effects of gravity, momentum and atmospheric drag, and dealing with details of their behaviour at the origin and destination of their flight, as of bullets or missiles or rockets.


lexentry: eng/balloon__Noun__1
written_rep: balloon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balon
sense_list:
An inflatable buoyant object, often (but not necessarily) round and flexible. | Such an object as a child’s toy or party decoration. | Such an object designed to transport people or equipment through the air. | A type of glass cup, sometimes used for brandy.


lexentry: eng/balloon_plant__Noun__1
written_rep: balloon plant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: latarnia
sense_list:
A flowering vine with large, hollow seedpod and round seeds featuring a heart-shaped mark; Cardiospermum halicacabum


lexentry: eng/ballpoint_pen__Noun__1
written_rep: ballpoint pen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: długopis
sense_list:
A pen, similar in size and shape to a pencil, having an internal chamber filled with a viscous, quick-drying ink that is dispensed at the tip during use by the rolling action of a metal sphere (around 0.7 mm to 1 mm in diameter).


lexentry: eng/ballroom_dancing__Noun__1
written_rep: ballroom dancing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: taniec towarzyski
sense_list:
Formal social dancing in couples, either as recreation or in competition, including dances like or developed from the waltz, minuet, tango, rumba, cha-cha, foxtrot, and the quickstep.


