# translation

lexentry: eng/approach__Noun__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: accessus
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) An act of drawing near in place or time; an advancing or coming near. | (archaic) An opportunity of drawing near; access.


lexentry: eng/approach__Noun__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aditus
sense_list:
(also, figuratively) An avenue, passage, or way by which a building or place can be approached; an access.


lexentry: eng/approach__Verb__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: accēdō | adbītō | adeō | appropinquō | subeō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To come or go near, in place or time; to move toward; to advance nearer; to draw nigh.


lexentry: eng/approach__Verb__1
written_rep: approach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: subeo
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, figuratively) Used intransitively, followed by to: to draw near (to someone or something); to make advances; to approximate or become almost equal.


lexentry: eng/approximate__Adjective__1
written_rep: approximate
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: circa
sense_list:
Approaching; proximate; nearly resembling. | Nearing correctness; nearly exact; not perfectly accurate.


lexentry: eng/approximate__Verb__1
written_rep: approximate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: approximare
sense_list:
(transitive) To come near to; to approach. | (transitive) To carry or advance near; to cause to approach.


lexentry: eng/apraxia__Noun__1
written_rep: apraxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apraxia
sense_list:
(neurology) Total or partial loss of the ability to perform coordinated movements or manipulate objects in the absence of motor or sensory impairment; specifically, a disorder of motor planning.


lexentry: eng/apricate__Verb__1
written_rep: apricate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aprīcō
sense_list:
(intransitive, rare) To bask in the sun. | (transitive, also, figuratively, rare) To disinfect and freshen by exposing to the sun; to sun.


lexentry: eng/apse__Noun__1
written_rep: apse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absis
sense_list:
(architecture) A semicircular projection from a building, especially the rounded east end of a church that contains the altar.


lexentry: eng/apsis__Noun__1
written_rep: apsis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: absis
sense_list:
(architecture) A recess or projection, with a dome or vault, at the east end of a church; an apse. | (astronomy) Either of the points in the elliptical orbit of a planet, comet, or moon where it is closest or furthest from the body it orbits; examples are perihelion, aphelion, perigee, and apogee


lexentry: eng/aqua_fortis__Noun__1
written_rep: aqua fortis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aqua fortis
sense_list:
(alchemy) A corrosive liquor made of saltpeter, serving as a solvent for dissolving silver and all other metals except gold.


lexentry: eng/aqua_regia__Noun__1
written_rep: aqua regia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aqua rēgia | aqua regia
sense_list:
(inorganic compound, archaic) A mixture of three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid to one part concentrated nitric acid, named for its ability to dissolve gold.


lexentry: eng/aquamanile__Noun__1
written_rep: aquamanile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aquamanile
sense_list:
(historical) A ewer or jug-like vessel, shaped like an animal or human figure, used for washing the hands.


lexentry: eng/aquamarine__Noun__1
written_rep: aquamarine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aquamarina
sense_list:
The bluish-green colour of the sea. | A transparent bluish-green, sometimes yellow-green, variety of beryl.


lexentry: eng/aquaponics__Noun__1
written_rep: aquaponics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aquaponica
sense_list:
(agriculture) A sustainable food production system that combines traditional aquaculture with hydroponics, with effluent from the water in which fish are reared being used as nutrition for plants.


lexentry: eng/aquarium__Noun__1
written_rep: aquarium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aquarium
sense_list:
A tank, often made of glass, for keeping live fish or other aquatic animals. | A public place where live fish and other aquatic animals are exhibited.


lexentry: eng/aqueduct__Noun__1
written_rep: aqueduct
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aquaeductus
sense_list:
An artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another. | A structure carrying water over a river or depression, especially an ancient structure.


lexentry: eng/arable__Adjective__1
written_rep: arable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arvus
sense_list:
(agriculture, of land) Able to be plowed or tilled, capable of growing crops (traditionally contrasted with pasturable lands such as heaths). | (agriculture, NGO, _, jargon, of land) Under cultivation (within any quinquennial period) for the production of crops sown and harvested within the same agricultural year (contrasted with permanently-cropped lands such as orchards).


lexentry: eng/arachnoid_mater__Noun__1
written_rep: arachnoid mater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tunica arachnoidea
sense_list:
(anatomy) The middle layer of the meninges; a membrane that protects the brain and spinal cord below the dura mater and above the subarachnoid space and the pia mater.


lexentry: eng/aragonite__Noun__1
written_rep: aragonite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aragonites
sense_list:
(mineral) An evaporite consisting of anhydrous calcium carbonate with the chemical formula CaCO3 and occurring in pearls, shells and nacre; it is dimorphous with calcite.


lexentry: eng/arbitrary__Adjective__1
written_rep: arbitrary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arbitrārius | arbitrarius
sense_list:
(usually, of a decision) Based on individual discretion or judgment; not based on any objective distinction, perhaps even made at random. | Determined by impulse rather than reason; often connoting heavy-handedness.


lexentry: eng/arbitration__Noun__1
written_rep: arbitration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arbitrium
sense_list:
The act or process of arbitrating. | A process through which two or more parties use an arbitrator or arbiter in order to resolve a dispute.


lexentry: eng/arbor__Noun__1
written_rep: arbor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trichila | triclea
sense_list:
A shady sitting place or pergola usually in a park or garden, surrounded by climbing shrubs, vines or other vegetation.


lexentry: eng/arc__Noun__1
written_rep: arc
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: arcus
sense_list:
(geometry) A continuous part of the circumference of a circle (circular arc) or of another curve. [from 16th c.] | A curve, in general. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/arch__Noun__1
written_rep: arch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arcus
sense_list:
An inverted U shape. | An arch-shaped arrangement of trapezoidal stones, designed to redistribute downward force outward. | (architecture) An architectural element having the shape of an arch


lexentry: eng/archabbey__Noun__1
written_rep: archabbey
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archicoenobium
sense_list:
(ecclesiastical) An abbey which is the seat of an archabbot (high monastic rank within an order or congregation)


lexentry: eng/archaeophyte__Noun__1
written_rep: archaeophyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archaeophytum
sense_list:
(botany) A plant which was introduced to an area by humans (or arrived naturally, but from an area in which it was present as a human introduction) and became naturalized before 1500 C.E. (but especially in prehistoric times).


lexentry: eng/archangel__Noun__1
written_rep: archangel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archangelus
sense_list:
A powerful angel that leads many other angels, but is still loyal to a deity, and often seen as belonging to a particular archangelical rank or order within a greater hierarchy of angels. (Judeo-Christian examples: Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, Uriel).


lexentry: eng/archbishop__Noun__1
written_rep: archbishop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiepiscopus | archepiscopus | archipraesul
sense_list:
A senior bishop who is in charge of an archdiocese, and presides over a group of dioceses called a province (in Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, etc.)


lexentry: eng/archconfraternity__Noun__1
written_rep: archconfraternity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiconfrāternitās
sense_list:
(Roman Catholicism) A religious confraternity that, as a special concession of the Holy See, can join or affiliate with, and extend privileges to, other similar brotherhoods.


lexentry: eng/archdeacon__Noun__1
written_rep: archdeacon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archidiacon
sense_list:
(Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy) A senior administrative official in a diocese, just under the bishop, often in charge of an archdeaconry. As a title, it can be filled by either a deacon or priest.


lexentry: eng/archdeaconry__Noun__1
written_rep: archdeaconry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archidiaconatus
sense_list:
The office of an archdeacon, or the term of that office | The residence, or territorial jurisdiction of an archdeacon


lexentry: eng/archduchess__Noun__1
written_rep: archduchess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiducissa
sense_list:
A daughter or granddaughter of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, or the wife of a son or grandson of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary


lexentry: eng/archimandrite__Noun__1
written_rep: archimandrite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archimandrita
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodoxy) The superior of a large monastery, or group of monasteries, in the Orthodox Church.


lexentry: eng/architect__Noun__1
written_rep: architect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: architectus
sense_list:
A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction. | A person who plans, devises or contrives the achievement of a desired result.


lexentry: eng/architecture__Noun__1
written_rep: architecture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: architectūra | architectura
sense_list:
The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.


lexentry: eng/archive__Noun__1
written_rep: archive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archium | archīvum | tabulārium
sense_list:
A place for storing earlier, and often historical, material. An archive usually contains documents (letters, records, newspapers, etc.) or other types of media kept for historical interest.


lexentry: eng/archivist__Noun__1
written_rep: archivist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archeota | chartarius | chartularius
sense_list:
One who is in charge of, or performs the task of creating, collecting, cataloguing and organising archives.


lexentry: eng/archpriest__Noun__1
written_rep: archpriest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: archiereus
sense_list:
(Eastern Orthodox Church) The highest rank given to a married priest. | (Roman Catholic Church) An honorific title applied to a priest who has a specific function.


lexentry: eng/arctic_fox__Noun__1
written_rep: arctic fox
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vulpes arctica
sense_list:
Vulpes lagopus, a fox of the family Canidae, living in the Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/arduous__Adjective__1
written_rep: arduous
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arduus
sense_list:
Needing or using up much energy; testing powers of endurance. | Difficult or exhausting to traverse.


lexentry: eng/are__Noun__1
written_rep: are
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: area
sense_list:
(rare) An accepted (but deprecated and rarely used) metric unit of area equal to 100 square metres, or a former unit of approximately the same extent. Symbol: a.


lexentry: eng/area__Noun__1
written_rep: area
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: area
sense_list:
(mathematics) A measure of the extent of a surface; it is measured in square units. | A particular geographic region. | Any particular extent of surface, especially an empty or unused extent.


lexentry: eng/arena__Noun__1
written_rep: arena
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arēna | harēna
sense_list:
An enclosed area, often outdoor, for the presentation of sporting events (sports arena) or other spectacular events; earthen area, often oval, specifically for rodeos (North America) or circular area for bullfights (especially Hispanic America).


lexentry: eng/arginine__Noun__1
written_rep: arginine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arginina
sense_list:
An amino acid found in animal foods that plays an important role in several physiological processes.


lexentry: eng/argon__Noun__1
written_rep: argon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argon
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Ar) with an atomic number of 18. The third most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, it is a colourless, odourless, inert noble gas.


lexentry: eng/arguable__Adjective__1
written_rep: arguable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: defensibilis
sense_list:
That can be argued; that can be proven or strongly supported with sound logical deduction, precedent, and evidence. | (colloquial) Open to doubt, argument or debate.


lexentry: eng/arguably__Adverb__1
written_rep: arguably
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: certe
sense_list:
As can be supported or proven by sound logical deduction, evidence, and precedent, but without absolute certainty.


lexentry: eng/argument__Noun__1
written_rep: argument
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argumentum
sense_list:
(countable, also, figuratively) A fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason. | The independent variable of a function. | A value, or a reference to a value, passed to a function.


lexentry: eng/arise__Verb__1
written_rep: arise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: surgere
sense_list:
(intransitive) To spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part; to present itself.


lexentry: eng/aristocracy__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocracy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optimates
sense_list:
The nobility, or the hereditary ruling class. | Government by such a class, or a state with such a government. | A class of people considered (not normally universally) superior to others.


lexentry: eng/aristocrat__Noun__1
written_rep: aristocrat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: optimās
sense_list:
One of the aristocracy, nobility, or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble (originally in Revolutionary France).


lexentry: eng/arithmetic__Noun__1
written_rep: arithmetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arithmetica
sense_list:
The mathematics of numbers (integers, rational numbers, real numbers, or complex numbers) under the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.


lexentry: eng/arithmetically__Adverb__1
written_rep: arithmetically
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arithmeticus
sense_list:
(of the nature of increases or decreases) In a way characterized by addition (of increments) rather than multiplication (by factors) or exponentiation (by exponents): by an arithmetic progression. | In terms of arithmetic.


lexentry: eng/ark__Noun__1
written_rep: ark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: arca
sense_list:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Noah's ark: the ship built by Noah to save his family and a collection of animals from the deluge. | (Judaism) A decorated cabinet at the front of a synagogue, in which Torah scrolls are kept.


lexentry: eng/arm__Noun__1
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bracchium | brachium
sense_list:
(anatomy) The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand. | A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the armrest of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses.


lexentry: eng/arm__Verb__2
written_rep: arm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: armō
sense_list:
(transitive) To supply with armour or (later especially) weapons. | (transitive, figurative) To supply with the equipment, knowledge, authority, or other tools needed for a particular task; to furnish with capability; to equip.


lexentry: eng/armament__Noun__1
written_rep: armament
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: armamenta
sense_list:
(military, naval) All the cannon and small arms collectively, with their equipments, belonging to a ship or a fortification. | Any equipment for resistance. | The process of building up military capacity.


lexentry: eng/armature__Noun__1
written_rep: armature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ancora
sense_list:
The rotating part of an electric motor or dynamo, which mostly consists of coils of wire (the winding) around a metal core.


lexentry: eng/armed__Adjective__1
written_rep: armed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: armiger | armātus
sense_list:
(of a person, specifically) Equipped with a gun. | (sometimes, in combination) Equipped, especially with a weapon.


lexentry: eng/armed_forces__Noun__1
written_rep: armed forces
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vires armatae
sense_list:
The military forces of a nation, such as the army, navy, air force, marines, and sometimes, coastguard or border guard, which are tasked with the defence of the nation and its citizens, if necessary through use of deadly force.


lexentry: eng/arming__Noun__1
written_rep: arming
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: armamenta
sense_list:
The act of supplying (oneself or others) with armor and (now especially) arms and ammunition in preparation for a conflict; the act of providing with the means of defense and attack.


lexentry: eng/armor__Noun__1
written_rep: armor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: armātūra
sense_list:
(uncountable) A protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damaging forces.


lexentry: eng/arms__Noun__1
written_rep: arms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: arma
sense_list:
(heraldry) A visual design composed according to heraldic rules, consisting of a coat of arms normally displayed upon an escutcheon, sometimes accompanied by other elements of an achievement


lexentry: eng/army__Noun__1
written_rep: army
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: exercitus | vires
sense_list:
The governmental agency in charge of a state's army. | (figuratively) A large group of people working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) A large group of social animals working toward the same purpose. | (figuratively) Any multitude.


lexentry: eng/arnica__Noun__1
written_rep: arnica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Arnica
sense_list:
Any of several plants, of the genus Arnica, considered to have medicinal properties, especially Arnica montana.


lexentry: eng/arrangement__Noun__1
written_rep: arrangement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: affectio
sense_list:
A particular way in which items are organized. | (music) An adaptation of a piece of music for other instruments, or in another style.


lexentry: eng/array__Noun__1
written_rep: array
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ager
sense_list:
A collection laid out to be viewed in full. | (programming) Any of various data structures designed to hold multiple elements of the same type; especially, a data structure that holds these elements in adjacent memory locations so that they may be retrieved using numeric indices.


lexentry: eng/arrest__Noun__1
written_rep: arrest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: carcer
sense_list:
(legal) The process of arresting a criminal, suspect etc. | A confinement, detention, as after an arrest.


lexentry: eng/arrest__Verb__1
written_rep: arrest
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: comprehendere
sense_list:
(transitive) To seize (someone) with the authority of the law; to take into legal custody. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/arrest_warrant__Noun__1
written_rep: arrest warrant
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: praemandata
sense_list:
(legal) An official document that authorizes law-enforcement officials to arrest a named person and to bring that individual before a court of law or other authority.


lexentry: eng/arrival__Noun__1
written_rep: arrival
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adventus | adventum | perventio
sense_list:
The act of arriving (reaching a certain place). | The fact of beginning to occur; the initial phase of something.


lexentry: eng/arrogance__Noun__1
written_rep: arrogance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: superbia
sense_list:
The state of being arrogant; a type of extreme or foolish pride in which someone feels much superior to another.


lexentry: eng/arrow__Noun__1
written_rep: arrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sagitta
sense_list:
A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow. | A sign or symbol used to indicate a direction (e.g.→).


lexentry: eng/arsehole__Noun__1
written_rep: arsehole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: culus
sense_list:
(Commonwealth, mildly, vulgar) The anus. | (Commonwealth, mildly, vulgar, offensive, or, derogatory) An inconsiderate, mean-spirited, or otherwise contemptible person. (Less offensive than fucker or cunt.)


lexentry: eng/arsenal__Noun__1
written_rep: arsenal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: armāmentārium
sense_list:
A military establishment for the storing, development, manufacturing, testing, or repairing of arms, ammunition, and other war materiel; an armoury. | A stock of weapons, especially all the weapons that a nation possesses.


lexentry: eng/art__Noun__1
written_rep: art
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ars
sense_list:
(uncountable) The conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colours, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the senses and emotions, usually specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium. | (countable) Skillful creative activity, usually with an aesthetic focus. | (uncountable) The study and the product of these processes. | (uncountable) Aesthetic value. | (uncountable) Artwork. | (countable) A field or category of art, such as painting, sculpture, music, ballet, or literature. | (countable) Skill that is attained by study, practice, or observation. | (uncountable, dated) Contrivance, scheming, manipulation.


lexentry: eng/art_gallery__Noun__1
written_rep: art gallery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pinacothēca
sense_list:
A room, a group of rooms, or other space where works of art are placed on display, possibly for sale.


lexentry: eng/artemisia__Noun__1
written_rep: artemisia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Artemisia
sense_list:
Any of many aromatic flowering plants of the genus Artemisia, including wormwood, sagebrush, and tarragon, often used as traditional medicine, oral contraceptive and flavoring.


lexentry: eng/artery__Noun__1
written_rep: artery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: artēria | arteria
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery.


lexentry: eng/arthritis__Noun__1
written_rep: arthritis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arthritis | cheragra | podagra
sense_list:
Inflammation of a joint or joints causing pain and/or disability, swelling and stiffness, and due to various causes such as infection, trauma, degenerative changes or metabolic disorders: any of several disease entities.


lexentry: eng/arthropod__Noun__1
written_rep: arthropod
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Arthropoda
sense_list:
An invertebrate animal of the phylum Arthropoda, characterized by a chitinous exoskeleton and multiple jointed appendages.


lexentry: eng/artichoke__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carduus | cinara
sense_list:
(countable) A plant related to the thistle with enlarged flower heads eaten as a vegetable while immature, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus.


lexentry: eng/artichoke_heart__Noun__1
written_rep: artichoke heart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cinara
sense_list:
The edible base of an artichoke, prepared by removing the outer leaves and the inedible choke covering it.


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: articulus
sense_list:
A piece of nonfiction writing such as a story, report, opinion piece, or entry in a newspaper, magazine, journal, encyclopedia, etc. | An object, a member of a group or class. | (grammar) A part of speech that indicates, specifies and limits a noun (a, an, or the in English). In some languages the article may appear as an ending (e.g. definite article in Swedish) or there may be none (e.g. Russian, Pashto).


lexentry: eng/article__Noun__1
written_rep: article
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: articulus | capitulum
sense_list:
A section of a legal document, bylaws, etc. or, in the plural, the entire document seen as a collection of these.


lexentry: eng/articulation__Noun__1
written_rep: articulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: articulus
sense_list:
(countable, or, uncountable) A joint or the collection of joints at which something is articulated, or hinged, for bending.


lexentry: eng/artillery__Noun__1
written_rep: artillery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: res tormentaria | tormenta | artillaria | artilleria
sense_list:
An army unit that uses such weapons, or a military formation using projectile weapons, such as archers.


lexentry: eng/artist__Noun__1
written_rep: artist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: artifex
sense_list:
A person who creates art as an occupation. | A person who creates art. | (often, in combination) A person who is skilled at some activity.


lexentry: eng/arugula__Noun__1
written_rep: arugula
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ērūca
sense_list:
A yellowish-flowered Mediterranean herb of the mustard family with flavoured leaves, often eaten in salads, that has a distinct, peppery flavor, of three species:


lexentry: eng/arum_lily__Noun__1
written_rep: arum lily
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aron
sense_list:
Any of several flowering plants, of the family Araceae, but especially Zantedeschia aethiopica, the calla lily that has a showy white spathe.


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: quam | quantum
sense_list:
(dated) Introducing a comparison with a hypothetical state (+ subjunctive, or with the verb elided): as though, as if. [to 19th century]


lexentry: eng/as__Conjunction__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: qua
sense_list:
(law) used before a preposition to clarify that the prepositional phrase restricts the meaning of the sentence; specifically.


lexentry: eng/as__Noun__1
written_rep: as
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: as | ut | qua | quoniam | dum | quā
sense_list:
(numismatics, Ancient Rome) Any of several coins of Rome, coined in bronze or later copper; or the equivalent value.


lexentry: eng/as_above,_so_below__Phrase__1
written_rep: as above, so below
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: quod est superius est sicut quod est inferius
sense_list:
(occultism) What happens on a higher level of reality also happens on lower levels; the microcosm and macrocosm behave alike.


lexentry: eng/as_is__Adjective__1
written_rep: as is
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tantum et tale
sense_list:
(idiomatic, of an object) as it is; in its present state or condition, especially as a contractual condition of sale.


lexentry: eng/as_it_were__Adverb__1
written_rep: as it were
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ut ita dicam
sense_list:
Used to indicate that a word or statement is perhaps not exact though practically right; as if it were so.


lexentry: eng/as_much_as__Adverb__1
written_rep: as much as
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mox
sense_list:
Practically, just as, no less than; indicates an action tantamount to, but not identical to, the action described.


lexentry: eng/as_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: as of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: a
sense_list:
(idiomatic) At or by a specified time, with the implication that the said condition will be true from that time onward.


lexentry: eng/as_the_case_may_be__Phrase__1
written_rep: as the case may be
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: si opportunum
sense_list:
As is appropriate to the circumstances; particularly where a choice must be made between two options.


lexentry: eng/as_the_crow_flies__Adverb__1
written_rep: as the crow flies
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rectus
sense_list:
(idiomatic) In a straight line distance between two locations, as opposed to the road distance or over land distance.


lexentry: eng/as_you_wish__Interjection__1
written_rep: as you wish
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sultis | sī vultis
sense_list:
A formal expression of agreement to something, especially with the connotation that one does not really agree.


lexentry: eng/asafoetida__Noun__1
written_rep: asafoetida
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asafoetida
sense_list:
A resinous gum from the stem and roots of Ferula species such as Ferula foetida and Ferula assa-foetida, having a strong, unpleasant smell, with culinary and medical uses. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/asarabacca__Noun__1
written_rep: asarabacca
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asarum
sense_list:
An acrid herbaceous plant, Asarum europaeum, the leaves and roots of which were used for emetic and cathartic purposes.


lexentry: eng/asbestos__Noun__1
written_rep: asbestos
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amianthus
sense_list:
(mineral) Any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate, used for fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings, chemical filters, suits, fireman's gloves, etc.


lexentry: eng/ascetic__Noun__1
written_rep: ascetic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ascēta
sense_list:
One who is devoted to the practice of self-denial, either through seclusion or stringent abstinence.


lexentry: eng/ascribe__Verb__1
written_rep: ascribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: addīcō
sense_list:
(transitive) To attribute (a book, painting, or any other work of art or literature) to a writer or creator.


lexentry: eng/ascus__Noun__1
written_rep: ascus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ascus
sense_list:
(mycology) A sac-shaped cell present in ascomycete fungi; it is a reproductive cell in which meiosis and an additional cell division produce eight spores.


lexentry: eng/aseity__Noun__1
written_rep: aseity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aseitas
sense_list:
(metaphysics, theology) Usually ascribed to deity: the attribute of being entirely self-derived, in contrast to being derived from or dependent on another; the quality of having within oneself the entire reason for one's being; utter independent self-existence and self-sustenance.


lexentry: eng/ashamed__Adjective__1
written_rep: ashamed
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pudefactus
sense_list:
(chiefly, of someone in trouble and undergoing punishment for doing something wrong) Feeling shame or guilt.


lexentry: eng/ashy__Adjective__1
written_rep: ashy
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cineraceus | cinereus
sense_list:
Resembling ashes (especially in colour); (of a person’s complexion) unusually pale as a result of strong emotion, illness, etc.


lexentry: eng/aspect__Noun__1
written_rep: aspect
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: aspectus
sense_list:
(grammar) A grammatical quality of a verb which determines the relationship of the speaker to the internal temporal flow of the event which the verb describes, or whether the speaker views the event from outside as a whole, or from within as it is unfolding. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/aspen__Noun__1
written_rep: aspen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: populus
sense_list:
A poplar tree, especially of section Populus sect. Populus, of medium-size trees with thin, straight trunks of a greenish-white color.


lexentry: eng/aspergillum__Noun__1
written_rep: aspergillum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aspergillum
sense_list:
(Christianity) An implement, in the form of a brush or of a rod with a perforated container, for sprinkling holy water; a holy-water sprinkle.


lexentry: eng/asperity__Noun__1
written_rep: asperity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acerbitas
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of having a rough or uneven surface; roughness, unevenness; (countable, chiefly, in the plural) a protruding or rough area or point on a surface; a protrusion. | (uncountable) The quality of being difficult or unpleasant to experience; (countable) a thing that is harsh and difficult to endure; a difficulty, a hardship.


lexentry: eng/aspersion__Noun__1
written_rep: aspersion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calumnia
sense_list:
An attack on somebody's reputation or good name, often in the phrase to cast aspersions upon…. [from late 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/asphalt__Noun__1
written_rep: asphalt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asphaltum | bitūmen
sense_list:
A sticky, black to brown and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid, composed almost entirely of bitumen with small mineral particles, that is present in most crude petroleums and in some natural deposits.


lexentry: eng/asphodel__Noun__1
written_rep: asphodel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asphodelus | albutium | hērōum
sense_list:
Any of the flowering plants of the family Asphodelaceae, especially Asphodelus ramosus and Asphodelus albus; the flower of these plants.


lexentry: eng/aspirate__Verb__1
written_rep: aspirate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aspirāre
sense_list:
(transitive) To remove a liquid or gas by means of suction. | (ambitransitive, linguistics) To produce an audible puff of breath, especially following a consonant, such as the letter "h" at the beginning of house or hat in standard English.


lexentry: eng/aspiration__Noun__1
written_rep: aspiration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambitio
sense_list:
The act of aspiring or ardently desiring; an ardent wish or desire, chiefly after what is elevated or spiritual (with common adjunct adpositions being to and of).


lexentry: eng/ass__Noun__1
written_rep: ass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asinus | asellus | asella
sense_list:
Any of several species of horse-like animals, especially Equus asinus, the domesticated of which are used as beasts of burden.


lexentry: eng/assassin__Noun__1
written_rep: assassin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: percussor | assassīnus | sīcārius
sense_list:
Someone who intentionally kills a person, especially a professional who kills a public or political figure.


lexentry: eng/assassinate__Verb__1
written_rep: assassinate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: assassīnō | necō | per īnsidiās interficiō
sense_list:
To murder someone, especially an important person, by a sudden or obscure attack, especially for ideological or political reasons. [from 17th c.] | (figuratively) To harm, ruin, or defame severely or destroy by treachery, slander, libel, or obscure attack.


lexentry: eng/assay__Noun__1
written_rep: assay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: obrussa
sense_list:
The act or process of ascertaining the proportion of a particular metal in an ore or alloy; especially, the determination of the proportion of gold or silver in bullion or coin.


lexentry: eng/assegai__Noun__1
written_rep: assegai
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hasta
sense_list:
A slim hardwood spear or javelin with an iron tip, especially those used by Bantu peoples of Southern Africa.


lexentry: eng/assemblage__Noun__1
written_rep: assemblage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: coagmentatio
sense_list:
The process of assembling or bringing together. | A collection of things which have been gathered together or assembled. | (archaeology) A group of different artifacts found in association with one another.


lexentry: eng/assert__Verb__1
written_rep: assert
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: affirmō | assevērō
sense_list:
(reflexive) To insist on the legitimacy of one's rights, opinion, etc; not to allow oneself to be dismissed; to ensure that one is taken into consideration; to make oneself respected; to be assertive. See assert oneself.


lexentry: eng/assertion__Noun__1
written_rep: assertion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: affirmatio
sense_list:
Something which is asserted; a declaration; a statement asserted. | (computer programming) A statement in a program asserting a condition expected to be true at a particular point, used in debugging.


lexentry: eng/asshole__Noun__1
written_rep: asshole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: irrumātor
sense_list:
(vulgar, derogatory, or, offensive, synecdochically) A jerk; an inappropriately or objectionably mean, inconsiderate, contemptible, obnoxious, intrusive, stupid, or rude person.


lexentry: eng/assist__Verb__1
written_rep: assist
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adiuvō | auxilior | iuvō | opitulor | subvenio
sense_list:
To help. | (medicine) To help compensate for what is missing with the help of a medical technique or therapy.


lexentry: eng/assistive_technology__Noun__1
written_rep: assistive technology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: instrumentum
sense_list:
Umbrella term that includes adaptive, assistive, and rehabilitative devices for people with disabilities.


lexentry: eng/assless__Adjective__1
written_rep: assless
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tabula
sense_list:
without an ass | (North America, vulgar) devoid of sexual intercourse | (North America, of trousers or chaps) uncovered at the rear


lexentry: eng/association_football__Noun__1
written_rep: association football
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pedifollis
sense_list:
A ball game played between two teams of eleven players, each attempting to win by scoring more goals than their opponent.


lexentry: eng/associative_array__Noun__1
written_rep: associative array
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: glossarium | index verborum
sense_list:
(computing) An array-like data structure where the indices (called keys) are not limited to integers.


lexentry: eng/assure__Verb__1
written_rep: assure
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: polliceri
sense_list:
(transitive, followed by that or of) To give (someone) confidence in the trustworthiness of (something).


lexentry: eng/asteroid__Noun__1
written_rep: asteroid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asteroides
sense_list:
(astronomy) A naturally occurring solid object, which is smaller than a planet and a dwarf planet, larger than a meteoroid and not a comet, that orbits a star and often has an irregular shape.


lexentry: eng/asthma__Noun__1
written_rep: asthma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asthma
sense_list:
(pathology) A long-term respiratory condition, in which the airways may unexpectedly and suddenly narrow, often in response to an allergen, cold air, exercise, or emotional stress. Symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing.


lexentry: eng/astigmatism__Noun__1
written_rep: astigmatism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astigmatismus
sense_list:
(optics) A defect of a lens such that light rays coming from a point do not meet at a focal point so that the image is blurred. | (pathology) A disorder of the vision, usually due to a misshapen cornea, such that light does not focus correctly on the retina causing a blurred image.


lexentry: eng/astral__Adjective__1
written_rep: astral
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astralis
sense_list:
Relating to or resembling the stars; starry. | (parapsychology, theosophy, fantasy) Composed of ethereal material or non-physical (sometimes supersensible), and capable of sometimes separating from the physical body (as an astral body) to travel to other places or to other realms of existence (in or via the astral plane).


lexentry: eng/astrognosy__Noun__1
written_rep: astrognosy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astrognosia
sense_list:
(astronomy, archaic) Knowledge of the stars, especially the fixed stars; the branch of astronomy dealing with the fixed stars. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/astrological_sign__Noun__1
written_rep: astrological sign
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: signum
sense_list:
(astrology) Any of twelve signs, corresponding to constellations, that are used as the basis of astrology


lexentry: eng/astrology__Noun__1
written_rep: astrology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astrologia
sense_list:
Divination about human affairs or natural phenomena from the relative positions of celestial bodies. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/astronaut__Noun__1
written_rep: astronaut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astronauta
sense_list:
A member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft that travels beyond Earth's atmosphere, or someone trained to serve that purpose.


lexentry: eng/astronomer__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astronomus | astrologus
sense_list:
(astronomy) One who studies astronomy, the stars or the physical universe; a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics.


lexentry: eng/astronomical_unit__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomical unit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ūnitās astronomica | unitas astronomica
sense_list:
(astronomy) 149,597,870,700 metres, the approximate mean distance from the Earth to the Sun (the semi-major axis of Earth's orbit), (symbol AU), used to measure distances in the solar system.


lexentry: eng/astronomy__Noun__1
written_rep: astronomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astronomia | astrologia
sense_list:
The study of the physical universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere, including the process of mapping locations and properties of the matter and radiation in the universe.


lexentry: eng/astrophysics__Noun__1
written_rep: astrophysics
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: astrophysica
sense_list:
The branch of astronomy or physics that deals with the physical properties of celestial bodies and with the interaction between matter and radiation in celestial bodies and in the space between them.


lexentry: eng/atavism__Noun__1
written_rep: atavism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atavismus
sense_list:
The reappearance of an ancestral characteristic in an organism after several generations of absence; a throwback.


lexentry: eng/ataxia__Noun__1
written_rep: ataxia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ataxia
sense_list:
(physical chemistry, organic chemistry) The condition of a polymer in which the orientation of the subunits is random


lexentry: eng/athame__Noun__1
written_rep: athame
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: artavus
sense_list:
A ceremonial pointed knife or dagger, used especially in Wicca and other neopagan traditions and typically having a black handle with magical symbols on it. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/athanor__Noun__1
written_rep: athanor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: athanor
sense_list:
(historical) A furnace or stove designed and used to maintain uniform heat, primarily used by alchemists. [from late 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/atheism__Noun__1
written_rep: atheism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atheismus
sense_list:
(broadly) A lack of belief in deities, or a belief that there is insufficient evidence to believe in a god. | (narrowly) Belief that no deities exist (sometimes including rejection of other religious beliefs).


lexentry: eng/atheist__Noun__1
written_rep: atheist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atheos
sense_list:
(broadly) A person who doubts the existence of deities (therefore, an agnostic may be considered an atheist).


lexentry: eng/atheist__Noun__1
written_rep: atheist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atheos | atheus
sense_list:
(narrowly) A person who is certain that no deities exist or who thinks that the existence of deities can be disproven.


lexentry: eng/athematic__Adjective__1
written_rep: athematic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: athematicus
sense_list:
(linguistics) Of a root, not having a thematic vowel and thus attaching inflections directly to the root.


lexentry: eng/atherosclerosis__Noun__1
written_rep: atherosclerosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atheromatosis
sense_list:
(pathology) The clogging or hardening of arteries or blood vessels caused by plaques (accumulations of fatty deposits, usually cholesterol).


lexentry: eng/athlete's_foot__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete's foot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tinea pedis
sense_list:
(disease) A fungal infection of the skin of the foot, usually between the toes, caused by pathogen fungi, such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, syn. Trichophyton mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum


lexentry: eng/athlete__Noun__1
written_rep: athlete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: āthlēta | athleta
sense_list:
A participant in any of a group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country running and racewalking. | (US, Canada) A person who actively participates in physical sports, especially with great skill; a sportsperson.


lexentry: eng/athwart__Preposition__1
written_rep: athwart
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: contra
sense_list:
Across the course or path of, so as to meet; hence (figuratively) , to the attention of. | Across the course or path of, so as to oppose.


lexentry: eng/atmosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: atmosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atmosphaera
sense_list:
The gases surrounding the Earth or any astronomical body. | A unit of measurement for pressure equal to 101325 Pa (symbol: atm), approximately the atmospheric pressure at sea level.


lexentry: eng/atoll__Noun__1
written_rep: atoll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atoll
sense_list:
A type of island consisting of a ribbon reef that nearly or entirely surrounds a lagoon and supports, in most cases, one to many islets on the reef platform.


lexentry: eng/atom__Noun__1
written_rep: atom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atomus
sense_list:
(chemistry, physics) The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. [from 16th c.] | (history of science) A hypothetical particle posited by Greek philosophers as an ultimate and indivisible component of matter. [from 15th c.] | (now generally regarded, _, figuratively) The smallest, indivisible constituent part or unit of something. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/atomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atomicus
sense_list:
(physics, chemistry) Of or relating to atoms; composed of atoms; monatomic. | Employing or relating to nuclear energy or processes.


lexentry: eng/atomic__Adjective__1
written_rep: atomic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: impertilis
sense_list:
Unable to be split or made any smaller. | (computing, of an operation) Guaranteed to complete either fully or not at all while waiting in a pause, and running synchronously when called by multiple asynchronous threads.


lexentry: eng/atomic_nucleus__Noun__1
written_rep: atomic nucleus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nucleus atomicus
sense_list:
(physics) A nucleus of an atom; consisting of protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud.


lexentry: eng/atone__Verb__1
written_rep: atone
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: expiō
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To make reparation, compensation, amends or satisfaction for an offence, crime, mistake or deficiency. [from 1680s]


lexentry: eng/atonement__Noun__1
written_rep: atonement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: luella
sense_list:
(theology, often with capitalized initial) The reconciliation of God and mankind through the death of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/atrial_fibrillation__Noun__1
written_rep: atrial fibrillation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fibrillatio atriorum
sense_list:
(pathology) A cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm) that involves the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
written_rep: atrium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ātrium
sense_list:
(architecture) A central room or space in ancient Roman homes, open to the sky in the middle; a similar space in other buildings.


lexentry: eng/atrium__Noun__1
written_rep: atrium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: cavaedium | atrium
sense_list:
(architecture) A square hall lit by daylight from above, into which rooms open at one or more levels.


lexentry: eng/atropine__Noun__1
written_rep: atropine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: atropinum
sense_list:
(poison, pharmaceutical drug) An alkaloid extracted from the plant deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other sources, such as the seeds of the thorn-apple. Though overdoses would be fatal it is used as a drug in medicine for its paralytic effects (e.g. in surgery to relax muscles, in dentistry to dry the mouth, in ophthalmology to dilate the pupils).


lexentry: eng/attain__Verb__1
written_rep: attain
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: potior | teneo
sense_list:
(transitive) To reach or come to, by progression or motion; to arrive at (a place, time, state, etc.).


lexentry: eng/attend__Verb__1
written_rep: attend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: intersum
sense_list:
(transitive) To be present at (an event or place) in order to take part in some action or proceedings; also, to regularly go to (an event or place). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/attend__Verb__1
written_rep: attend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: attendō | audio
sense_list:
(transitive, obsolete) To give consideration to (someone or something); to heed, to pay attention, to regard.


lexentry: eng/attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder__Noun__1
written_rep: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: CHAD
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology, psychiatry, psychology) A developmental disorder in which a person has difficulty to concentrate and a persistent pattern of impulsiveness and inattention, with or without a component of hyperactivity.


lexentry: eng/attenuation__Noun__1
written_rep: attenuation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: extenuatio
sense_list:
A gradual diminishing of strength. | (physics) A reduction in the level of some property with distance, especially the amplitude of a wave or the strength of a signal.


lexentry: eng/atter__Noun__1
written_rep: atter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pus
sense_list:
(archaic, or, UK, _, dialectal) Poisonous bodily fluid, especially venom of a venomous animal, such as a snake, dragon or other reptile; corrupt or morbid matter from the body, such as pus from a sore or wound; bitter substance, such as bile.


lexentry: eng/attestation__Noun__1
written_rep: attestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: testimonium
sense_list:
A thing that serves to bear witness, confirm, or authenticate; validation, verification, documentation.


lexentry: eng/attestation__Noun__1
written_rep: attestation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: verbum
sense_list:
(business, finance) The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business records of an enterprise, public agency, or other organization.


lexentry: eng/attic__Noun__1
written_rep: attic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tabulatum
sense_list:
The space, often unfinished and with sloped walls, directly below the roof in the uppermost part of a house or other building, generally used for storage or habitation.


lexentry: eng/attitudinize__Verb__1
written_rep: attitudinize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ludere
sense_list:
To give the appearance of, or make a show of, (something) by assuming an affected or exaggerated attitude.


lexentry: eng/attributive_adjective__Noun__1
written_rep: attributive adjective
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: epitheton
sense_list:
(grammar) An adjective that modifies the head of the noun phrase in which it occurs; an adjective that precedes the word or phrase it modifies.


lexentry: eng/auctioneer__Noun__1
written_rep: auctioneer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: praecō
sense_list:
An individual who conducts an auction on behalf of a vendor, accepting bids to find the best price for the vendor.


lexentry: eng/audacity__Noun__1
written_rep: audacity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ferocia
sense_list:
Fearlessness, intrepidity or daring, especially with confident disregard for personal safety, conventional thought, or other restrictions.


lexentry: eng/audience__Noun__1
written_rep: audience
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: audientēs | audītōrium
sense_list:
A group of people within hearing; specifically, a large gathering of people listening to or watching a performance, speech, etc. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/augmentation__Noun__1
written_rep: augmentation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: augmentatio
sense_list:
The act or process of augmenting. | (heraldry) A particular mark of honour, granted by the sovereign in consideration of some noble action, or by favour; and either quartered with the family arms, or on an escutcheon or canton.


lexentry: eng/augur__Noun__1
written_rep: augur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: augur | auspex
sense_list:
A diviner who foretells events by the behaviour of birds or other animals, or by signs derived from celestial phenomena, or unusual occurrences.


lexentry: eng/augur__Verb__1
written_rep: augur
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: augurō
sense_list:
To foretell events; to exhibit signs of future events; to indicate a favorable or an unfavorable outcome.


lexentry: eng/aunt__Noun__1
written_rep: aunt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: amita | matertera
sense_list:
(affectionate) A woman of an older generation than oneself, especially a friend of one's parents, by means of fictive kin.


lexentry: eng/auntie__Noun__1
written_rep: auntie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amita
sense_list:
(Asia, Africa, Australia, New Zealand) Term of familiarity or respect for a middle-aged or elderly woman.


lexentry: eng/aura__Noun__1
written_rep: aura
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aratrum
sense_list:
(also, parapsychology) A supposed emanation from and surrounding a living person or thing, regarded by mystics as consisting of the essence of the individual. [from 1870]


lexentry: eng/auricular__Adjective__1
written_rep: auricular
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: auricula
sense_list:
(art, relational) Pertaining to a style of ornamental decoration, originating in Northern Europe in the first half of the 17th century, that uses softly flowing abstract shapes in relief some of which bear a resemblance to the human ear; commonly used in silverware, picture frames, and architecture.


lexentry: eng/aurora__Noun__1
written_rep: aurora
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aurōra | aurora
sense_list:
An atmospheric phenomenon created by charged particles from the sun striking the upper atmosphere, creating coloured lights in the sky. It is usually named australis or borealis based on whether it is in the Southern or Northern Hemisphere respectively.


lexentry: eng/auscultate__Verb__1
written_rep: auscultate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: auscultare
sense_list:
(transitive) To listen (for example to the heart or lungs) by auscultation; to examine by auscultation.


lexentry: eng/austerity__Noun__1
written_rep: austerity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: austēritās
sense_list:
Severity of manners or life; extreme rigor or strictness; harsh discipline. | (obsolete) Sourness and harshness to the taste.


lexentry: eng/australopithecine__Noun__1
written_rep: australopithecine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: australopithecus
sense_list:
(anthropology, paleontology) Any of several extinct hominids, belonging to the genera Australopithecus and Paranthropus in the subtribe Australopithecina when seen as distinct, and sometimes other closely related genera. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/auteur__Noun__1
written_rep: auteur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: auctor
sense_list:
A creative artist, especially a film director, seen as having a specific, recognisable artistic vision, and who is seen as the single or preeminent ‘author’ of their works.


lexentry: eng/authentic__Adjective__1
written_rep: authentic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: authenticus
sense_list:
Of the same origin as claimed; genuine. | Conforming to reality and therefore worthy of trust, reliance, or belief.


lexentry: eng/authenticate__Verb__1
written_rep: authenticate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: authenticō | authentīzō
sense_list:
(transitive) To render authentic; to give authority to, by the proof, attestation, or formalities required by law, or sufficient to entitle to credit.


lexentry: eng/authentication__Noun__1
written_rep: authentication
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: comprobatio
sense_list:
Something which validates or confirms the authenticity of something; or the process of doing so. | (computing) Proof of identity required by a user to log on to some network or access some resource.


lexentry: eng/authenticity__Noun__1
written_rep: authenticity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bite
sense_list:
The quality of being genuine or not corrupted from the original, of having the same origin (or attribution, commitment, intention, etc.) as claimed.


lexentry: eng/author__Noun__1
written_rep: author
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: auctor | repertor
sense_list:
The originator or creator of a work, especially of a literary composition; or, one of the creators of a collaborative work.


lexentry: eng/authoritative__Adjective__1
written_rep: authoritative
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gravis
sense_list:
Arising or originating from a figure of authority. | Highly accurate or definitive; treated or worthy of treatment as a scholarly authority.


lexentry: eng/authorities__Noun__2
written_rep: authorities
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: auctoritas
sense_list:
The bodies that have political or administrative power and control in a particular sphere. | The bodies that enforce law and order or provide a public service.


lexentry: eng/authority__Noun__1
written_rep: authority
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: auctōritās | auctoritas
sense_list:
(uncountable) Power or right to make or enforce rules, give orders, or impose obligation; or a position having such power or right.


lexentry: eng/authorize__Verb__1
written_rep: authorize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: confirmare
sense_list:
(transitive) To grant (someone) the permission or power necessary to do (something); to permit; to sanction or consent to.


lexentry: eng/autism__Noun__1
written_rep: autism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autismus
sense_list:
(clinical psychology) A pervasive neurological condition that is observable in early childhood and persists throughout the lifespan, characterised by atypical communication patterns (e.g., differences in body language or eye contact), delayed language development, and sensory processing sensitivities. | (clinical psychology, obsolete) A diagnosis involving a pathological tendency to engage in self-centered fantasy thinking, historically considered a symptom of insanity or schizophrenia.


lexentry: eng/autocephaly__Noun__1
written_rep: autocephaly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autocephalia
sense_list:
(Christianity) The condition where a church's leaders have severed ties to a larger body and thus no longer report to a higher authority.


lexentry: eng/autograph__Noun__1
written_rep: autograph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autographum
sense_list:
A person’s own handwriting, especially the signature of a famous or admired person. | (by extension, colloquial) A person's signature used as a mark of formal approval.


lexentry: eng/autogyro__Noun__1
written_rep: autogyro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autogyrus
sense_list:
(aircraft) An aircraft in which lift is provided by unpowered rotating wings and thrust is provided by a conventional propeller.


lexentry: eng/automobile__Noun__1
written_rep: automobile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autocinetum | autoraeda | autocurrus | autovehiculum
sense_list:
(US, Canada, Philippines, AU, NZ) A type of motor vehicle designed to move on the ground under its own stored power and intended to carry a driver, a small number of additional passengers, and a very limited amount of other load.


lexentry: eng/autonomy__Noun__1
written_rep: autonomy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: automomia
sense_list:
(government, countable) A self-governing country or region. | (philosophy, uncountable) The capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision.


lexentry: eng/autotrophy__Noun__1
written_rep: autotrophy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autotrophia
sense_list:
(biology) The synthesis of food from inorganic substances, using heat or light as a source of energy


lexentry: eng/autumn__Noun__1
written_rep: autumn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autumnus
sense_list:
Traditionally the third of the four seasons, when deciduous trees lose their leaves, and temperatures and daylight hours decrease; typically regarded as spanning the months of September, October, and November in the Northern Hemisphere, and the months of March, April and May in the Southern Hemisphere. | (fashion) A person with relatively dark hair and a warm skin tone, seen as best suited to certain colours in clothing.


lexentry: eng/auxiliary_verb__Noun__1
written_rep: auxiliary verb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: verbum auxiliare
sense_list:
(grammar) A verb that accompanies the main verb in a clause in order to make distinctions in tense, mood, voice or aspect.


lexentry: eng/avail__Verb__1
written_rep: avail
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: ministro
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be of use or advantage; to answer or serve the purpose; to have strength, force, or efficacy sufficient to accomplish the object.


lexentry: eng/avaricious__Adjective__1
written_rep: avaricious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: avārus
sense_list:
Actuated by avarice; extremely greedy for wealth or material gain; immoderately desirous of accumulating property.


lexentry: eng/avatar__Noun__1
written_rep: avatar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: carnis assumptio
sense_list:
(internet, video games) A complex and dynamic digital representation of a person or being in the form of a digital model, used online as a simulation or emulation of a person, or as a person's online alter ego, in a virtual world, virtual chat room, or metaverse.


lexentry: eng/avenge__Verb__1
written_rep: avenge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ulcīscor | persequor | pūniō | vindicō
sense_list:
(transitive) To take vengeance (for); to exact satisfaction for by punishing the injuring party; to vindicate by inflicting pain or evil on a wrongdoer.


lexentry: eng/avenue__Noun__1
written_rep: avenue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: platēa | advenita
sense_list:
The principal walk or approach to a house which is withdrawn from the road, especially, such approach bordered on each side by trees; any broad passageway thus bordered.


lexentry: eng/aver__Verb__1
written_rep: aver
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adfirmo
sense_list:
(ambitransitive) To assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner.


lexentry: eng/average__Adjective__1
written_rep: average
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mediocris
sense_list:
(not comparable) Constituting or relating to the average. | Neither very good nor very bad; rated somewhere in the middle of all others in the same category.


lexentry: eng/aviary__Noun__1
written_rep: aviary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aviārium
sense_list:
A house, enclosure, large cage, or other place for keeping birds confined; a birdhouse. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/avocado__Noun__1
written_rep: avocado
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Persea
sense_list:
The large, usually yellowish-green or black, savory fruit of the avocado tree. | The avocado tree, Persea americana, of the laurel family.


lexentry: eng/avoid__Verb__1
written_rep: avoid
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: desum
sense_list:
(transitive) To try not to meet or communicate with (a person); to shun. | (transitive) To try not to do something or to have something happen.


lexentry: eng/avoidance__Noun__1
written_rep: avoidance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: vitare
sense_list:
(obsolete) The act of becoming vacant, or the state of being vacant, specifically used for the state of a benefice becoming void by the death, deprivation, or resignation of the incumbent.


lexentry: eng/avow__Verb__1
written_rep: avow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: profiteor
sense_list:
(transitive) To declare openly and boldly, as something believed to be right; to own, acknowledge or confess frankly.


lexentry: eng/avunculate__Noun__1
written_rep: avunculate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: avunculatum
sense_list:
(anthropology) The relationship between a man and his sister's children, generally her sons. | (anthropology) Among certain tribal peoples, for example, the Korowai, a special relationship between a man and a maternal uncle, and the mutual responsibilities between them.


lexentry: eng/awake__Verb__1
written_rep: awake
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: excito
sense_list:
(intransitive) To become conscious after having slept. | (transitive) To cause (somebody) to stop sleeping. | (transitive) To excite or to stir up something latent.


lexentry: eng/awaken__Verb__1
written_rep: awaken
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: excitor | expergiscor | exsuscito
sense_list:
(intransitive) To stop sleeping; awake. | (transitive, figurative) To bring into action (something previously dormant); to stimulate.


lexentry: eng/awareness__Noun__1
written_rep: awareness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: conscientia
sense_list:
The state or level of consciousness where sense data can be confirmed by an observer. | The state or quality of being aware of something.


lexentry: eng/awl__Noun__1
written_rep: awl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: subula
sense_list:
A pointed instrument for piercing small holes, as in leather or wood; used by shoemakers, saddlers, cabinetmakers, etc. The blade is differently shaped and pointed for different uses, as in the brad awl, saddler's awl, shoemaker's awl, etc.


lexentry: eng/ax_to_grind__Noun__1
written_rep: ax to grind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obiurgatio
sense_list:
(American spelling) A proposition or point of view to advocate, especially motivated by self-interest.


lexentry: eng/axil__Noun__1
written_rep: axil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ala
sense_list:
(botany) The angle or point of divergence between the upper side of a branch, leaf, or petiole, and the stem or branch from which it springs.


lexentry: eng/axiom__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: axioma
sense_list:
(philosophy) A seemingly self-evident or necessary truth which is based on assumption; a principle or proposition which cannot actually be proved or disproved.


lexentry: eng/axiom__Noun__1
written_rep: axiom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: axiōma | axioma
sense_list:
(logic, mathematics, proof theory) A fundamental assumption that serves as a basis for deduction of theorems; a postulate (sometimes distinguished from postulates as being universally applicable, whereas postulates are particular to a certain science or context).


lexentry: eng/axis__Noun__1
written_rep: axis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: axis
sense_list:
(geometry) An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry). | (mathematics) A fixed one-dimensional figure, such as a line or arc, with an origin and orientation and such that its points are in one-to-one correspondence with a set of numbers; an axis forms part of the basis of a space or is used to position and locate data in a graph (a coordinate axis) | (skeleton) The second cervical vertebra of the spine


lexentry: eng/axis_of_evil__Noun__1
written_rep: axis of evil
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: axis mali
sense_list:
A group of states accused by George W. Bush of sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction, originally defined as Iran, Iraq, and North Korea.


lexentry: eng/axle__Noun__2
written_rep: axle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: axis
sense_list:
The pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel. | (geometry, astronomy, archaic) An axis.


lexentry: eng/axletree__Noun__1
written_rep: axletree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: axis
sense_list:
A bar or beam of wood or iron, connecting the opposite wheels of a carriage, on the ends of which the wheels revolve.


lexentry: eng/axon__Noun__1
written_rep: axon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: axon
sense_list:
(cytology) A nerve fibre which is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, and which conducts nerve impulses away from the body of the cell to a synapse.


lexentry: eng/aye_aye,_sir__Phrase__1
written_rep: aye aye, sir
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: edere
sense_list:
(idiomatic, nautical) The correct and seamanlike reply, onboard a Royal Navy (or US Navy) ship, on receipt of an order from someone of senior rank or authority. It means "I understand the command and hasten to comply with the order."


lexentry: eng/babble__Verb__1
written_rep: babble
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: blaterō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To utter words indistinctly or unintelligibly; to utter inarticulate sounds | (intransitive) To talk incoherently; to utter meaningless words. | (intransitive) To talk too much; to chatter; to prattle.


lexentry: eng/babka__Noun__1
written_rep: babka
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Plantago
sense_list:
A Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins; or with some single flavoring, e.g. chocolate, lemon, etc.


lexentry: eng/baby's_breath__Noun__1
written_rep: baby's breath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nebula
sense_list:
A genus, Gypsophila, of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe, Asia and north Africa.


lexentry: eng/baby__Noun__1
written_rep: baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infans
sense_list:
A very young human, particularly from birth to a couple of years old or until walking is fully mastered. | A very young human, even if not yet born.


lexentry: eng/baby_face__Noun__1
written_rep: baby face
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: infans
sense_list:
(often, derogatory) A person having such a face, especially a young man having a beardless appearance.


lexentry: eng/baby_face__Noun__1
written_rep: baby face
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: bellus
sense_list:
(professional wrestling, slang) A headlining wrestler with a persona embodying heroic or virtuous traits and who is regarded as a "good guy", especially one who is handsome and well-conditioned.


lexentry: eng/baby_powder__Noun__1
written_rep: baby powder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: talcum
sense_list:
An astringent powder used for preventing diaper rash, as a deodorant, and for other cosmetic purposes.


lexentry: eng/babysitter__Noun__1
written_rep: babysitter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infantaria
sense_list:
A person who cares for one or more babies or children for a short period of time in place of their legal guardians.


lexentry: eng/baccalaureate__Noun__1
written_rep: baccalaureate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: baccalaureatus
sense_list:
A high school completion exam and qualification awarded in many countries (e.g. Finland, France, Moldova, Romania), designed to enable students to go on to higher education.


lexentry: eng/bacillus__Noun__1
written_rep: bacillus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bacillus
sense_list:
Any of various rod-shaped, spore-forming aerobic bacteria in the genus Bacillus, some of which cause disease.


lexentry: eng/back-of-the-envelope__Adjective__1
written_rep: back-of-the-envelope
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: subex cervesiae
sense_list:
(idiomatic, informal) Especially of a calculation, estimation, or other reasoning, or an idea: approximate, rough, simplified. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/back__Adjective__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: postīcus
sense_list:
(comparable, phonetics) Pronounced with the highest part of the body of the tongue toward the back of the mouth, near the soft palate (most often describing a vowel).


lexentry: eng/back__Noun__1
written_rep: back
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dorsum | tergum
sense_list:
The rear of the body, especially the part between the neck and the end of the spine and opposite the chest and belly.


lexentry: eng/back_cover__Noun__1
written_rep: back cover
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dorsum
sense_list:
The cover on the opposite side of the front cover of a book, magazine, etc; back of the book; associated with sports pages in publications.


lexentry: eng/backbend__Noun__1
written_rep: backbend
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pons
sense_list:
(gymnastics, dance) A move in which the performer bends backwards until the hands touch the floor or catches him/herself with the hands.


lexentry: eng/backbone__Noun__1
written_rep: backbone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: columna vertebralis
sense_list:
(countable) The series of vertebrae, separated by disks, that encloses and protects the spinal cord, and runs down the middle of the back in vertebrate animals.


lexentry: eng/backer__Noun__1
written_rep: backer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: assensor
sense_list:
One who, or that which, backs; especially one who backs an entrant in a contest, or who supports an enterprise by funding it.


lexentry: eng/backgammon__Noun__1
written_rep: backgammon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nerdiludium
sense_list:
A board game for two players in which each has 15 stones which move between 24 triangular points according to the roll of a pair of dice; the object is to move all of one's pieces around, and bear them off the board.


lexentry: eng/background__Noun__1
written_rep: background
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: fundus
sense_list:
A part of the picture that depicts scenery to the rear or behind the main subject; context. | (computing) A type of activity on a computer that is not normally visible to the user.


lexentry: eng/backhoe__Noun__1
written_rep: backhoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: suffusorium/ii
sense_list:
A piece of excavating equipment, either an integral subassembly or an attachment, consisting of a digging bucket or scoop on the end of an articulated arm, drawn backwards to move earth; used in excavator/digger and backhoe tractors.


lexentry: eng/backpack__Noun__1
written_rep: backpack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sacciperium dorsale | sacculus
sense_list:
A knapsack, sometimes mounted on a light frame, but always supported by straps, worn on a person’s back for the purpose of carrying things, especially when hiking, or on a student's back when carrying books.


lexentry: eng/backscratcher__Noun__1
written_rep: backscratcher
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scalptōrium
sense_list:
A long slender rod with a rake-like device on one end, sometimes in the form of a human hand, designed to let a person scratch their own back.


lexentry: eng/backstabber__Noun__1
written_rep: backstabber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anguis
sense_list:
A traitor or hypocrite, such as a co-worker or friend assumed trustworthy but who figuratively attacks when one's back is turned.


lexentry: eng/backstage__Noun__1
written_rep: backstage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: postscaenium
sense_list:
The area behind a stage out of view of the audience where performers wait to give their show; especially that of the dressing rooms.


lexentry: eng/backstory__Noun__1
written_rep: backstory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: historia
sense_list:
The previous experiences and life of a person, specifically (narratology, especially in, _, film, television) a character in a dramatic work.


lexentry: eng/backstroke__Noun__1
written_rep: backstroke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dorsum
sense_list:
(swimming) A stroke swum lying on one's back, while rotating both arms through the water as to propel the swimmer backwards.


lexentry: eng/backwater__Noun__1
written_rep: backwater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: provincia
sense_list:
(idiomatic, usually, figurative) A remote place: somewhere that remains unaffected by new events, progresses, ideas, etc; any field of endeavor that figuratively resembles such a place.


lexentry: eng/bad__Adjective__3
written_rep: bad
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: malus
sense_list:
Bold, daring, and tough. | (semantic change, amelioration, contranymic) Good, superlative, excellent, cool. | (US) Overly promiscuous, licentious. | (originally, _, AAVE, of a woman) Very attractive; hot, sexy. | (Internet slang, sarcastic) Used without a copula to mock people who oppose something without having any real understanding of it. | (chiefly in "bad boy", "bad girl", and similar phrases) Attractive due to (one's) rebellious nature.


lexentry: eng/bad_apple__Noun__1
written_rep: bad apple
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caro putida
sense_list:
(idiomatic, often, in the plural) A person who is not wholesome, honest, or trustworthy, especially one who has an adverse influence on others.


lexentry: eng/bad_faith__Noun__1
written_rep: bad faith
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: mala fides
sense_list:
(legal) A malicious motive by a party in a lawsuit, which has an effect on the ability to maintain causes of action and obtain legal remedies.


lexentry: eng/badass__Adjective__1
written_rep: badass
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: asper
sense_list:
(US, sometimes considered, _, vulgar, slang, positive connotation) Having an extreme appearance, attitude, or behavior that is considered admirable.


lexentry: eng/badass__Noun__1
written_rep: badass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: caput
sense_list:
(US, sometimes considered, _, vulgar, slang, positive connotation) A person considered impressive due to courage, skill, daring, audacity, and/or toughness.


lexentry: eng/badge__Noun__1
written_rep: badge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: insigne
sense_list:
A distinctive mark, token, sign, emblem or cognizance, worn on one’s clothing, as an insignia of some rank, or of the membership of an organization. | Something characteristic; a mark; a token. | (heraldry) A distinctive mark worn by servants, retainers, and followers of royalty or nobility, who, being beneath the rank of gentlemen, have no right to armorial bearings.


lexentry: eng/bag__Noun__1
written_rep: bag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: saccus
sense_list:
A container made of leather, plastic, or other material, usually with a handle or handles, in which you carry personal items, or clothes or other things that you need for travelling. Includes shopping bags, schoolbags, suitcases, briefcases, handbags, backpacks, etc.


lexentry: eng/bagpipes__Noun__1
written_rep: bagpipes
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: utriculus
sense_list:
A musical wind instrument possessing a flexible bag inflated by bellows, a double-reed melody pipe and up to four drone pipes; any aerophone that produces sound using air from a reservoir to vibrate enclosed reeds.


lexentry: eng/bail__Noun__1
written_rep: bail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vadimōnium
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) Security, usually a sum of money, exchanged for the release of an arrested person as a guarantee of that person's appearance for trial.


lexentry: eng/bailiff__Noun__1
written_rep: bailiff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ballivus | bāiulus
sense_list:
(historical, Norman term) A reeve, (specifically) the chief officer executing the decisions of any English court in the period following the Norman Conquest or executing the decisions of lower courts in the late medieval and early modern period.


lexentry: eng/bain-marie__Noun__1
written_rep: bain-marie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balneum Mariae
sense_list:
(cooking) A large pan containing hot water, into which other smaller pans are set in order to cook food slowly, or to keep food warm.


lexentry: eng/bait__Noun__1
written_rep: bait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: esca
sense_list:
Any substance, especially food, used in catching fish, or other animals, by alluring them to a hook, snare, trap, or net.


lexentry: eng/bake__Verb__1
written_rep: bake
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: torreō
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive, or, ditransitive, with person as subject) To cook (something) in an oven (for someone). | (intransitive, with baked thing as subject) To be cooked in an oven.


lexentry: eng/baked_good__Noun__1
written_rep: baked good
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pānicium
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) An item or class of items with a flour as a main ingredient, prepared by baking.


lexentry: eng/baklava__Noun__1
written_rep: baklava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baclava
sense_list:
A sweet pastry found in many cuisines of the Middle East and the Balkans, made of chopped nuts layered with phyllo pastry. [since c. 1650; modern spelling since 1800s]


lexentry: eng/balaclava__Noun__1
written_rep: balaclava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cucullus
sense_list:
A type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool.


lexentry: eng/balance__Noun__1
written_rep: balance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: aequabilĭtas
sense_list:
(uncountable) Mental equilibrium; mental health; calmness, a state of remaining clear-headed and unperturbed. | (uncountable) The overall result of conflicting forces, opinions etc.; the influence which ultimately "weighs" more than others. | (uncountable) Apparent harmony in art (between differing colours, sounds, etc.).


lexentry: eng/balance__Noun__1
written_rep: balance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: ratio
sense_list:
(accounting) A list accounting for the debits on one side, and for the credits on the other. | (accounting) The result of such a procedure; the difference between credit and debit of an account.


lexentry: eng/balance__Verb__1
written_rep: balance
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aequare
sense_list:
(transitive) To bring (items) to an equipoise, as the scales of a balance by adjusting the weights. | (transitive, figurative) To make (concepts) agree. | (transitive) To hold (an object or objects) precariously; to support on a narrow base, so as to keep from falling.


lexentry: eng/balance_wheel__Noun__1
written_rep: balance wheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anxietas
sense_list:
The timekeeping device normally used in mechanical watches and small clocks, consisting of a wheel which oscillates due to a coiled spring.


lexentry: eng/balcony__Noun__1
written_rep: balcony
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: maenianum | podium
sense_list:
(architectural element) An accessible structure extending from a building, especially outside a window.


lexentry: eng/baldric__Noun__1
written_rep: baldric
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baltheus
sense_list:
A broad belt, originally of leather and often richly ornamented, worn diagonally from shoulder to hip (across the breast and under the opposite arm), which was formerly used to hold a sword, a bugle, etc., and is now chiefly worn for ceremonial purposes; also (loosely) , any belt. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/bale__Noun__3
written_rep: bale
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: calceus
sense_list:
A bundle of compressed fibers (especially hay, straw, cotton, or wool), compacted for shipping and handling and bound by twine or wire. | A measurement of hay equal to 10 flakes. Approximately 70-90 lbs (32-41 kg).


lexentry: eng/baleen__Noun__1
written_rep: baleen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hinnulus
sense_list:
(physiology, uncountable) keratinous material that makes up the plates in the mouth of the baleen whale (Mysticeti), which it uses to trap its food; formerly used in corsetry.


lexentry: eng/balk__Noun__1
written_rep: balk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: trabs
sense_list:
Beam, crossbeam; squared timber; a tie beam of a house, stretching from wall to wall, especially when laid so as to form a loft, "the balks".


lexentry: eng/ball-and-socket_joint__Noun__1
written_rep: ball-and-socket joint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patella
sense_list:
A joint in which one segment has a rounded end and the next segment has a bowl-shaped end, with the rounded end being fitted into the bowl shape, allowing the first segment to move around an indefinite number of axes which have one common center. Examples include the human shoulder joint and the balljoints of some automotive suspensions.


lexentry: eng/ball__Noun__1
written_rep: ball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pila
sense_list:
(mathematics) The set of points in a metric space of any number of dimensions lying within a given distance (the radius) of a given point. | (printing, historical) A leather-covered cushion, fastened to a handle called a ballstock; formerly used by printers for inking the form, then superseded by the roller.


lexentry: eng/ballet__Noun__1
written_rep: ballet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ballatio
sense_list:
(dances) A classical form of dance. | A theatrical presentation of such dancing, usually with music, sometimes in the form of a story.


lexentry: eng/ballista__Noun__1
written_rep: ballista
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ballista
sense_list:
(weaponry, historical) An ancient military engine, in the form of a crossbow, used for hurling large missiles.


lexentry: eng/ballpoint_pen__Noun__1
written_rep: ballpoint pen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: stilus sphaeratus
sense_list:
A pen, similar in size and shape to a pencil, having an internal chamber filled with a viscous, quick-drying ink that is dispensed at the tip during use by the rolling action of a metal sphere (around 0.7 mm to 1 mm in diameter).


lexentry: eng/balls__Noun__2
written_rep: balls
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cōleī
sense_list:
(uncountable, vulgar, colloquial) Masculinity, particularly strength, courage, and force of will; chutzpah; brazenness.


lexentry: eng/balsam__Noun__1
written_rep: balsam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: balsamum
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK) A sweet-smelling oil or resin derived from various plants. | (chiefly, UK) A soothing ointment. | (chiefly, UK, figuratively) Something soothing.


lexentry: eng/balustrade__Noun__1
written_rep: balustrade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pluteus
sense_list:
A row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an open parapet, as along the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, staircase, or the eaves of a building.


lexentry: eng/banal__Adjective__1
written_rep: banal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abiectus
sense_list:
Common in a boring way, to the point of being predictable; containing nothing new or fresh. | (uncommon, historical) Relating to a type of feudal jurisdiction or service.


lexentry: eng/banana__Noun__1
written_rep: banana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ariēna | ariēra | banana | mūsa
sense_list:
(North America, UK, Ireland) In particular, the sweet, yellow fruit of the Cavendish banana cultivar, which may be eaten raw, as distinct from e.g. a plantain for cooking. | An elongated curved tropical fruit of a banana plant, which grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin. [from 1597]


lexentry: eng/banana__Noun__1
written_rep: banana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pala
sense_list:
The tropical tree-like plant which bears clusters of bananas, a plant of the genus Musa (but sometimes also including plants from Ensete), which has large, elongated leaves. [from 1697]


lexentry: eng/banausic__Adjective__1
written_rep: banausic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: banausicus
sense_list:
(formal) Of or pertaining to technical matters; mechanical. [from mid 19th c.] | (formal) Uncultured, unrefined, utilitarian. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/band-aid__Noun__1
written_rep: band-aid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: emplastrum
sense_list:
(Australia, North America, Philippines) An adhesive bandage, a small piece of fabric or plastic that may be stuck to the skin in order to temporarily cover a small wound.


lexentry: eng/bandana__Noun__1
written_rep: bandana
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: capital
sense_list:
A large kerchief, usually colourful and used either as headgear or as a handkerchief, neckerchief, bikini, or sweatband.


lexentry: eng/banger__Noun__1
written_rep: banger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carrus
sense_list:
(automotive, slang) An old, worn-out car. From a stereotypical one backfiring, making banging noises.


lexentry: eng/bank__Noun__1
written_rep: bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: argentaria
sense_list:
(gambling, countable) The sum of money etc. which the dealer or banker has as a fund from which to draw stakes and pay losses. | (countable, mostly, in combination) A safe and guaranteed place of storage for and retrieval of important items or goods.


lexentry: eng/bank__Noun__2
written_rep: bank
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: argentaria
sense_list:
(nautical, hydrology) An elevation under the sea; a shallow area of shifting sand, gravel, mud, and so forth


lexentry: eng/bank_holiday__Noun__1
written_rep: bank holiday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dies festus
sense_list:
(UK, Ireland) A weekday, often a Monday, on which most businesses are closed, and granted to workers as a national holiday.


lexentry: eng/banker__Noun__1
written_rep: banker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argentārius
sense_list:
One who conducts the business of banking; one who, individually, or as a member of a company, keeps an establishment for the deposit or loan of money, or for traffic in money, bills of exchange, etc.


lexentry: eng/bankruptcy__Noun__1
written_rep: bankruptcy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dēcoctiō
sense_list:
(finance, law) A legally declared or recognized condition of insolvency of a person or organization.


lexentry: eng/banner__Noun__1
written_rep: banner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vexillum
sense_list:
A flag or standard used by a military commander, monarch or nation. | (by extension) The military unit under such a flag or standard.


lexentry: eng/baobab__Noun__1
written_rep: baobab
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bahobab
sense_list:
A tree, Adansonia digitata, native to tropical Africa, having a broad swollen trunk and edible gourd-like hanging fruits.


lexentry: eng/baptism__Noun__1
written_rep: baptism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baptismus
sense_list:
(Christianity) A Christian sacrament, by which one is received into a church and sometimes given a name, generally involving the candidate to be anointed with or submerged in water.


lexentry: eng/baptism_of_desire__Noun__1
written_rep: baptism of desire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baptismus flaminis
sense_list:
(Christianity) The grace given to a believer who ardently desires baptism, but dies before being able to receive it.


lexentry: eng/baptistry__Noun__1
written_rep: baptistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baptistērium
sense_list:
(Christianity) A designated space within a church, or a separate room or building associated with a church, where a baptismal font is located, and consequently, where the sacrament of Christian baptism (via aspersion or affusion) is performed.


lexentry: eng/baptize__Verb__1
written_rep: baptize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baptīzō
sense_list:
(Christianity) To perform the sacrament of baptism by sprinkling or pouring water over someone or immersing them in water. | To dedicate or christen.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: strīctūra | tubulus
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, metallurgy) A solid metal object with uniform (round, square, hexagonal, octagonal or rectangular) cross-section; in the US its smallest dimension is 1⁄4 inch or greater, a piece of thinner material being called a strip.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: canaba | caupōna | oecus potorius | taberna
sense_list:
(mathematics) The sign indicating that the characteristic of a logarithm is negative, conventionally placed above the digit(s) to show that it applies to the characteristic only and not to the mantissa. | (music) A vertical line across a musical staff dividing written music into sections, typically of equal durational value.


lexentry: eng/bar__Noun__1
written_rep: bar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 21
trans_list: forum
sense_list:
(law, metonym, "the Bar", "the bar") Collectively, lawyers or the legal profession; specifically applied to barristers in some countries, but including all lawyers in others.


lexentry: eng/bar_association__Noun__1
written_rep: bar association
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asser
sense_list:
An organization of lawyers which regulates their ability to practice law in a jurisdiction, and/or serves the interests of lawyers in that jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/barb__Noun__1
written_rep: barb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spina
sense_list:
The point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc., to prevent it from being easily extracted. Hence: Anything which stands out with a sharp point obliquely or crosswise to something else.


lexentry: eng/barbarian__Noun__1
written_rep: barbarian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: barbarus | barbara
sense_list:
An uncivilized or uncultured person, originally compared to the hellenistic Greco-Roman civilisation; usually associated with senseless violence and self-harm or other such shows of brute force and lack of mental faculty.


lexentry: eng/barbecue__Noun__1
written_rep: barbecue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: frixorium
sense_list:
A fireplace or pit for grilling food, typically used outdoors and traditionally employing hot charcoal as the heating medium.


lexentry: eng/barbel__Noun__1
written_rep: barbel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: barbus
sense_list:
(biology) Whisker-like sensory organs, located around the mouth of certain fish, including catfish, carp, goatfish, sturgeon, and some types of shark.


lexentry: eng/barbershop__Noun__1
written_rep: barbershop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tonstrīna
sense_list:
(countable) The place of business of a barber; a store where a person (usually a male) can go to get a haircut.


lexentry: eng/barchan__Noun__1
written_rep: barchan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: barcanus
sense_list:
(geology, also, attributive) An arc-shaped shifting sand dune comprising well-sorted (uniformly sized) sand.


lexentry: eng/bard__Noun__1
written_rep: bard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bardus
sense_list:
A professional poet and singer, like among the ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in honor of the heroic achievements of princes and brave men.


lexentry: eng/bargain__Noun__1
written_rep: bargain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pāctum
sense_list:
An agreement between parties concerning the sale of property; or a contract by which one party binds themself to transfer the right to some property for a consideration, and the other party binds themself to receive the property and pay the consideration. | An item purchased for significantly less than the usual, or recommended, price


lexentry: eng/barium__Noun__1
written_rep: barium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: barium
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Ba) with an atomic number of 56. It is a soft, reactive, silvery alkaline earth metal.


lexentry: eng/bark__Verb__1
written_rep: bark
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lātrō | latrare
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs (said of animals, especially dogs). | (intransitive) To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries.


lexentry: eng/barley__Noun__1
written_rep: barley
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hordeum
sense_list:
A cereal of the species Hordeum vulgare, or its grains, often used as food or to make beer and other malted drinks.


lexentry: eng/barm__Noun__2
written_rep: barm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spuma
sense_list:
Foam rising upon beer or other malt liquors when fermenting, used as leaven in brewing and making bread; yeast.


lexentry: eng/barn_owl__Noun__1
written_rep: barn owl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: parra
sense_list:
An owl of the species Tyto alba, often having a white face and commonly found in barns and other farm buildings.


lexentry: eng/barn_swallow__Noun__1
written_rep: barn swallow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hirundo
sense_list:
Hirundo rustica, the most widespread species of swallow in the world; a distinctive passerine bird with blue upperparts, a long, deeply forked tail and curved, pointed wings, is found in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.


lexentry: eng/barque__Noun__1
written_rep: barque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cymba
sense_list:
A sailing vessel of three or more masts, with all masts but the sternmost square-rigged, the sternmost being fore-and-aft-rigged


lexentry: eng/barrack__Noun__1
written_rep: barrack
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: castra
sense_list:
(military, chiefly, in the plural) A building for soldiers, especially within a garrison; originally referred to temporary huts, now usually to a permanent structure or set of buildings.


lexentry: eng/barrator__Noun__1
written_rep: barrator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vitilītigātor
sense_list:
One who is guilty of barratry, vexing others with frequent and often groundless lawsuits; a brangler and pettifogger.


lexentry: eng/barrel__Noun__1
written_rep: barrel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cupa | dolium
sense_list:
(countable) A round (cylindrical) vessel, such as a cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends (heads). The word is sometimes applied to a similar cylindrical container made of metal, usually called a drum.


lexentry: eng/barrel_roll__Noun__1
written_rep: barrel roll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: volūtus āerius
sense_list:
(aviation) An aerobatic flying maneuver in which the pilot causes the airplane to complete one loop in the same time that the airplane completes one roll, creating the appearance that the airplane is riding on the inside of a cylinder.


lexentry: eng/barren__Adjective__1
written_rep: barren
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sterilis
sense_list:
(of people and animals, not comparable) Not bearing children, childless; hence also unable to bear children, sterile. | (of places) Of poor fertility, infertile; not producing vegetation; desert, waste.


lexentry: eng/barrister__Noun__1
written_rep: barrister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: advocatus
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand) A lawyer with the right to speak and argue as an advocate in higher lawcourts.


lexentry: eng/bartender__Noun__1
written_rep: bartender
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vīnārius
sense_list:
One who tends a bar or pub; a person preparing and serving drinks at a bar. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/basalt__Noun__1
written_rep: basalt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: basaltes
sense_list:
(mineral) A hard mafic igneous rock of varied mineral content; volcanic in origin, which makes up much of the Earth's oceanic crust.


lexentry: eng/bash_up__Verb__1
written_rep: bash up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: battuere
sense_list:
(transitive, informal) To assault someone with the intention of causing physical injury; to beat up.


lexentry: eng/basic__Adjective__1
written_rep: basic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fundamentalis
sense_list:
Necessary, essential for life or some process. | Elementary, simple, fundamental, merely functional.


lexentry: eng/basic__Noun__1
written_rep: basic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: basis
sense_list:
A necessary commodity, a staple requirement. | An elementary building block, e.g. a fundamental piece of knowledge.


lexentry: eng/basilica__Noun__1
written_rep: basilica
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: basilica
sense_list:
(architecture) A Christian church building having a nave with a semicircular apse, side aisles, a narthex and a clerestory.


lexentry: eng/basionym__Noun__1
written_rep: basionym
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: basionymus
sense_list:
(botany, taxonomy) An earlier valid scientific name of a species that has since been renamed and from which the new name is partially derived.


lexentry: eng/bask__Verb__1
written_rep: bask
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: cavillor
sense_list:
(figurative) To take great pleasure or satisfaction; to feel warmth or happiness. (Usually followed by "in".)


lexentry: eng/basket__Noun__1
written_rep: basket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: corbis
sense_list:
(basketball) A circular hoop, from which a net is suspended, which is the goal through which the players try to throw the ball. | (basketball) The act of putting the ball through the basket, thereby scoring points.


lexentry: eng/bass_guitar__Noun__1
written_rep: bass guitar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cithara gravis
sense_list:
A long-necked and solid-bodied stringed instrument (chordophone), tuned to produce bass or low notes, usually with a fretted fingerboard and four thick strings, and requiring the use of an amplifier.


lexentry: eng/bassoon__Noun__1
written_rep: bassoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fagottus
sense_list:
A musical instrument in the woodwind family, having a double reed and playing in the tenor and bass ranges.


lexentry: eng/basswood__Noun__1
written_rep: basswood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tilia
sense_list:
(US) Any of several trees of the genus Tilia; the lindens, especially Tilia americana, the American basswood.


lexentry: eng/bast__Noun__1
written_rep: bast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: liber
sense_list:
Fibre made from the phloem of certain plants (particularly the lime tree) and used for making ropes, cords and matting.


lexentry: eng/bastard__Noun__1
written_rep: bastard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spurius | bastardus | nothus
sense_list:
(dated) A person who was born out of wedlock, and hence often considered an illegitimate descendant.


lexentry: eng/bastard__Noun__1
written_rep: bastard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: spurius
sense_list:
A mongrel (biological cross between different breeds, groups or varieties). | (informal) A child who does not know its father.


lexentry: eng/bastard__Noun__1
written_rep: bastard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: irrumātor
sense_list:
(vulgar,, _, , _, offensive, or, pejorative) A contemptible, inconsiderate, overly or arrogantly rude or spiteful person.


lexentry: eng/bastille__Noun__1
written_rep: bastille
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: castellum
sense_list:
Chiefly in French contexts: a bastion or tower of a castle; also, a fortified tower or other building; or a small citadel or fortress.


lexentry: eng/bat__Noun__1
written_rep: bat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vespertilio
sense_list:
Any flying mammal of the order Chiroptera, usually small and nocturnal, insectivorous or frugivorous.


lexentry: eng/bat__Noun__2
written_rep: bat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: vespertilio
sense_list:
A club made of wood or aluminium used for striking the ball in sports such as baseball, softball and cricket.


lexentry: eng/bat__Verb__1
written_rep: bat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: vespertilio
sense_list:
(intransitive) To take a turn at hitting a ball with a bat in sports like cricket, baseball and softball, as opposed to fielding.


lexentry: eng/batch__Noun__1
written_rep: batch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ludus
sense_list:
A group or collection of things of the same kind, such as a batch of letters or the next batch of business.


lexentry: eng/bathroom__Noun__1
written_rep: bathroom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: balneum
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, South Africa, Canada, Philippines, Australia, euphemism) A lavatory (area where one washes or bathes): a room containing a toilet and (typically but not necessarily) a bathtub.


lexentry: eng/baton__Noun__1
written_rep: baton
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: fustis
sense_list:
(military) A ceremonial staff of a field marshal or a similar high-ranking military office. | (music) The stick of a conductor in musical performances.


lexentry: eng/battalion__Noun__1
written_rep: battalion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cohors
sense_list:
(military) An army unit having two or more companies, etc. and a headquarters. Traditionally forming part of a regiment. | (US, military) an army unit having two or more companies, etc. and a headquarters; forming part of a brigade. | Any large body of troops.


lexentry: eng/battering_ram__Noun__1
written_rep: battering ram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ariēs
sense_list:
(historical) A heavy object used for battering down walls and gates or a siege engine that includes such an object.


lexentry: eng/battery__Noun__1
written_rep: battery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pila
sense_list:
(electrical, electronics, countable) A device used to power electric devices, consisting of one or more electrically connected electrochemical cells or (archaically) electrostatic cells.


lexentry: eng/battery_electric_vehicle__Noun__1
written_rep: battery electric vehicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autocinetum electricum
sense_list:
A type of electric#Adjective vehicle that uses chemical energy stored in rechargeable battery packs, usually and especially one whose powertrain is entirely electric.


lexentry: eng/batting__Noun__1
written_rep: batting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alvus
sense_list:
(sewing) Cotton, wool, silk or synthetic material used to stuff the inside of a mattress, quilt etc.


lexentry: eng/battle__Noun__1
written_rep: battle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: proelium | pugna
sense_list:
(military) A general action, fight, or encounter, in which all the divisions of an army are or may be engaged; a combat, an engagement.


lexentry: eng/battle__Noun__1
written_rep: battle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: proelium
sense_list:
(military, obsolete) The main body of an army, as distinct from the vanguard and rear; the battalia.


lexentry: eng/battle_axe__Noun__1
written_rep: battle axe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bipennis
sense_list:
An ancient military weapon, an axe designed for combat, including (in, _, heraldiccharge) when borne on arms as a mark of prowess.


lexentry: eng/battle_line__Noun__1
written_rep: battle line
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aciēs
sense_list:
(military, army) The notional line on either side of which opposing forces are arrayed, and at which they meet in battle; a fortified line, short of the line where battle is expected, and behind which forces are arrayed; a forward line of infantry or other force, prepared for battle.


lexentry: eng/battledore__Noun__1
written_rep: battledore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: tudes fullōnis | tudes fullōnum
sense_list:
(historical) A wooden paddle-shaped bat or beetle used to wash clothes by beating, stirring, or smoothing them.


lexentry: eng/battlement__Noun__1
written_rep: battlement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: crepido
sense_list:
In fortification: an indented parapet, formed by a series of rising members called cops or merlons, separated by openings called crenelles or embrasures, the soldier sheltering himself behind the merlon while he fires through the embrasure or through a loophole in the battlement.


lexentry: eng/bay_leaf__Noun__1
written_rep: bay leaf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: laurus
sense_list:
A herb derived from any of certain shrubs of the family Lauraceae and Myrtaceae, especially the bay laurel (Laurus nobilis).


lexentry: eng/bayonet__Noun__1
written_rep: bayonet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mucro baionensis
sense_list:
(military) A blade mounted to the end of a long gun, originally with a handle inserted into the bore, now usually attached underbarrel. | (engineering) A pin which plays in and out of holes made to receive it, and which thus serves to engage or disengage parts of the machinery.


lexentry: eng/be__Verb__1
written_rep: be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ibo | ivero
sense_list:
(formal) Used with to-infinitives of verbs to express intent, obligation, appropriateness, or relative future occurrence.


lexentry: eng/be__Verb__1
written_rep: be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sum | esse
sense_list:
(auxiliary) Used with past participles of verbs to form the passive voice. | (rare, and, regional, chiefly, in the past tense) Used to link two noun clauses: a day of the week, recurring date, month, or other specific time (on which the event of the main clause took place) and a period of time indicating how long ago that day was. [from 15th c.] | Used to declare the subject and object identical or equivalent. | Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase. | Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by an adjective or prepositional phrase. | (often, impersonal, with it as a dummy subject) Used to indicate ambient conditions such as weather, light, noise or air quality. | (now, usually, literary) To exist; to have real existence, to be alive. | To occur, to take place.


lexentry: eng/be__Verb__1
written_rep: be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: esse
sense_list:
(with a cardinal numeral) Used to state the age of a subject in years. | Used to link a subject to a measurement.


lexentry: eng/be__Verb__1
written_rep: be
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: veniō | esse
sense_list:
(in perfect tenses) Elliptical form of "be here", "go to and return from" or similar, also extending to certain other senses of "go".


lexentry: eng/be_used_to__Verb__1
written_rep: be used to
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: soleō | īnsuēscō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To be familiar with or accustomed to something or someone through repeated experience; to be acclimated to.


lexentry: eng/be_wrong__Verb__1
written_rep: be wrong
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: errō | fallō | lābor
sense_list:
To have an incorrect belief, to be mistaken about one's judgment or statement concerning something. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/beacon__Noun__1
written_rep: beacon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pharus
sense_list:
(nautical) A signal, buoy, post, or other conspicuous mark erected on an eminence near the shore, or moored in shoal water, as a guide to mariners, particularly to warn vessels of danger.


lexentry: eng/beacon__Noun__1
written_rep: beacon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: acerbus
sense_list:
A high hill or other easily distinguishable object near the shore which can serve as guidance for seafarers.


lexentry: eng/beak__Noun__1
written_rep: beak
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rostrum
sense_list:
A rigid structure projecting from the front of a bird's face, used for pecking, grooming, foraging, carrying items, eating food, etc.


lexentry: eng/beaker__Noun__1
written_rep: beaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obba
sense_list:
A flat-bottomed, straight-sided, glass vessel, with a lip and often a small spout, used as a laboratory container. | A drinking vessel without a handle.


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: trabs | tignum
sense_list:
(structural) Any large piece of timber or iron long in proportion to its thickness, and prepared for use. | (structural) One of the principal horizontal structural members, usually of steel, timber, or concrete, of a building.


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: trabs
sense_list:
(nautical) One of the transverse members of a ship's frame on which the decks are laid, and acting as part of the support for keeping the sides of the vessel in shape — supported at the sides by knees in wooden ships and by stringers in steel ones; cf. abeam, beam-ends.


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: trabs | bura
sense_list:
(nautical) The maximum width of a vessel (note that a vessel with a beam of 15 foot can also be said to be 15 foot abeam).


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: bura
sense_list:
(agricultural) The central bar of a plow, to which the handles and colter are secured, and to the end of which are attached the oxen or horses that draw it.


lexentry: eng/beam__Noun__1
written_rep: beam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: radius
sense_list:
(physics) A ray or collection of approximately parallel rays emitted from the sun or other luminous body. | (figuratively) A ray; a gleam.


lexentry: eng/bean__Noun__1
written_rep: bean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: faba | phaseolus
sense_list:
Any plant of several genera of the taxonomic family Fabaceae that produces large edible seeds or edible seedpods.


lexentry: eng/beanbag__Noun__1
written_rep: beanbag
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: latrina
sense_list:
A piece of soft furniture consisting of a leather or vinyl covering stuffed with dry beans or other similar pellets.


lexentry: eng/bear__Noun__1
written_rep: bear
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ursus | ursa
sense_list:
A large, generally omnivorous mammal (a few species are purely carnivorous or herbivorous), having shaggy fur, a very small tail, and flat feet; a member of the family Ursidae.


lexentry: eng/bear__Verb__2
written_rep: bear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: creo | ferō
sense_list:
(transitive) To give (written or oral testimony or evidence); (figurative) to provide or constitute (evidence or proof), give witness.


lexentry: eng/bear__Verb__2
written_rep: bear
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ferō
sense_list:
(transitive) To admit or be capable of (a meaning); to suffer or sustain without violence, injury, or change. | (transitive) To support or sustain; to hold up.


lexentry: eng/bear_in_mind__Verb__1
written_rep: bear in mind
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: teneo
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic) To hold (something) in the memory; to remember; also, to be mindful of or pay attention to (something); to consider; to note.


lexentry: eng/bearberry__Noun__1
written_rep: bearberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arctostaphylos
sense_list:
Any of four dwarf shrubs of formerly all members of the genus Arctostaphylos, three now assigned to genus Arctous, which principally grow in arctic and subarctic regions and bear edible berries.


lexentry: eng/beast_of_burden__Noun__1
written_rep: beast of burden
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iumentum | armentum
sense_list:
A draft animal, a pack animal such as a donkey, mule, llama, camel, horse, or ox, that carries or pulls a load for the benefit of a human.


lexentry: eng/beat__Verb__1
written_rep: beat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: battuo | pulso | cūdō | verbero | vincō
sense_list:
(transitive) To win against; to defeat or overcome; to do or be better than (someone); to excel in a particular, competitive event.


lexentry: eng/beat_to_a_pulp__Verb__1
written_rep: beat to a pulp
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: annullo
sense_list:
(transitive, colloquial, loosely) To defeat severely in various, even non-contact, competitive sports.


lexentry: eng/beatification__Noun__1
written_rep: beatification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: beatificatio
sense_list:
The act of beatifying, or the state of being beatified; especially, in the Roman Catholic Church, the act or process of ascertaining and declaring that a deceased person is one of "the blessed," or has attained the second degree of sanctity, — usually a stage in the process of canonization.


lexentry: eng/beatify__Verb__1
written_rep: beatify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: beatifico
sense_list:
(transitive, Roman Catholicism) To carry out the third of four steps in canonization, making someone a blessed.


lexentry: eng/beauty__Noun__1
written_rep: beauty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: formōsitās | pulchritūdō | pulchritudo
sense_list:
(uncountable) The quality of being (especially visually) attractive, pleasing, fine or good-looking; comeliness.


lexentry: eng/beauty__Noun__1
written_rep: beauty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pulchritudo
sense_list:
Someone who is beautiful. | (in the plural) Those aspects or elements that make someone or something beautiful. | Something that is particularly good or pleasing.


lexentry: eng/beaver__Noun__1
written_rep: beaver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: castor | fīber | fiber
sense_list:
(countable) A semiaquatic rodent of the genus Castor, having a wide, flat tail and webbed feet, native to the Northern Hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/because__Interjection__1
written_rep: because
part_of_speech: interjection
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: quoniam
sense_list:
Used alone to refuse to provide a full answer to a question begun with "why", usually taken as an anapodoton of the elided full phrase "Because I said so".


lexentry: eng/becket__Noun__1
written_rep: becket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: oculus
sense_list:
(nautical) A loop of rope with a knot at one end to catch in an eye at the other end. Used to secure oars etc. at their place.


lexentry: eng/bed__Noun__1
written_rep: bed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lectus
sense_list:
A prepared spot in which to spend the night. | (countable) The bottom of a body of water, such as an ocean, sea, lake, or river. [from later 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/bed__Noun__1
written_rep: bed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lectus | cubīle | torus | grabatus
sense_list:
(countable) A piece of furniture, usually flat and soft, on which to rest or sleep. | A shaped piece of timber to hold a cask clear of a ship’s floor; a pallet.


lexentry: eng/bed_urinal__Noun__1
written_rep: bed urinal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anas
sense_list:
A sealable plastic bottle into which a patient urinates when using a bathroom is inconvenient or impossible; often but not always with a long neck reminiscent of a duck.


lexentry: eng/bedbug__Noun__1
written_rep: bedbug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cīmex
sense_list:
A small nocturnal insect pest of humans, of species Cimex lectularius (common bedbug) and Cimex hemipterus (tropical bedbug) that feeds on the blood of humans during sleep.


lexentry: eng/bedpan__Noun__1
written_rep: bedpan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: metella
sense_list:
A pan used for urination and defecation while in bed, now usually for reasons of medical necessity or convenience.


lexentry: eng/bedrock__Noun__1
written_rep: bedrock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hypobasis
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable, geology, mining, engineering, construction) The solid rock found at some depth below the ground surface.


lexentry: eng/bedsore__Noun__1
written_rep: bedsore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: decubitus
sense_list:
(medicine, usually, in the plural, dated) A lesion caused by unrelieved pressure to any part of the body, especially portions over bony or cartilaginous areas, such as frequently develops on a person confined to a bed by infirmity.


lexentry: eng/bedstead__Noun__1
written_rep: bedstead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sponda
sense_list:
The framework that supports a bed; the rigid structural components of a bed, excluding the mattress, box spring, etc; bedframe.


lexentry: eng/bedstraw__Noun__1
written_rep: bedstraw
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Galium
sense_list:
any plant of herb genus Galium of the madder family with small pointed leaves and hairy stems with small, white or yellow flowers


lexentry: eng/bee-eater__Noun__1
written_rep: bee-eater
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: merops
sense_list:
Any of various brightly-coloured, insectivorous, near-passerine birds in the family Meropidae, especially the European bee-eater, Merops apiaster.


lexentry: eng/bee_sting__Noun__1
written_rep: bee sting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ictus apis
sense_list:
A hypodermic puncture from a bee, resulting in envenomation and often involving the penetration and lodging of the stinger.


lexentry: eng/beebread__Noun__1
written_rep: beebread
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cērinthus | erithacē | sandaraca
sense_list:
Bee pollen with added honey and bee secretions, made and stored in brood cells by forager bees, and used as food for worker bees and larvae.


lexentry: eng/beech__Noun__1
written_rep: beech
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fāgus | fagus
sense_list:
A tree of the genus Fagus having a smooth, light grey trunk, oval, pointed leaves, and many branches.


lexentry: eng/beef__Noun__1
written_rep: beef
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: būbula
sense_list:
(in the meat industry, on, _, product packaging) The edible portions of a cow (including those which are not meat). | (uncountable) The meat from cattle or other bovines.


lexentry: eng/beehive__Noun__1
written_rep: beehive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: alveārium | mellārium
sense_list:
Such a home prepared by the bees themselves, in which some species of honey bees live and raise their young.


lexentry: eng/beeline__Noun__1
written_rep: beeline
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rectus
sense_list:
(mining, chiefly, historical) A dynamite fuse made with a small quantity of dynamite powder along its length, so that the spark travels quickly and at a specific known rate.


lexentry: eng/beer__Noun__1
written_rep: beer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: birra | cervēsa | zȳthum | cervisia
sense_list:
(uncountable) An alcoholic drink fermented from starch material, commonly barley malt; often with hops or some other substance (like gruit) to impart a bitter flavor.


lexentry: eng/beer_belly__Noun__1
written_rep: beer belly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rumen
sense_list:
A protruding belly caused by excess fat stored in the abdomen and colloquially attributed to the consumption of beer.


lexentry: eng/beer_garden__Noun__1
written_rep: beer garden
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hortus cervisarius
sense_list:
The outdoor section of a public house, where customers can sit in the sun and enjoy their beverages.


lexentry: eng/beer_mat__Noun__1
written_rep: beer mat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: subex cervesiae
sense_list:
A small square, circular or differently shaped cardboard mat, often with an advertisement for a brewery on it, that is used to rest one's glass on, and to protect the surface of a table or a bar in a pub.


lexentry: eng/beer_tent__Noun__1
written_rep: beer tent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tabernaculum cervisarium
sense_list:
At a fair or festival, a tent set up for the purpose of selling and consuming beer and other alcoholic beverages.


lexentry: eng/beeswax__Noun__1
written_rep: beeswax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cēra
sense_list:
A wax secreted by bees from which they make honeycomb; or, the processed form of this wax used in the manufacture of various goods.


lexentry: eng/beetle__Noun__1
written_rep: beetle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: coleopterum | scarabaeus
sense_list:
Any of numerous species of insect in the order Coleoptera characterized by a pair of hard, shell-like front wings which cover and protect a pair of rear wings when at rest.


lexentry: eng/before__Preposition__1
written_rep: before
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ante
sense_list:
Earlier than (in time). | Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone). | In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items.


lexentry: eng/begging_the_question__Noun__1
written_rep: begging the question
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: petitio principii
sense_list:
A logical fallacy in which a premise of an argument contains a direct or indirect assumption that the conclusion is true; offering a circular argument; circular reasoning.


lexentry: eng/beginning__Noun__1
written_rep: beginning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: initium | exordium | principium | prīmordium
sense_list:
(uncountable) The act of doing that which begins anything; commencement of an action, state, or space of time; entrance into being or upon a course; the first act, effort, or state of a succession of acts or states.


lexentry: eng/begrime__Verb__1
written_rep: begrime
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inquino
sense_list:
(transitive) To ingrain grime or dirt which is difficult to remove into (something); also (more generally) , to make (something) dirty; to soil.


lexentry: eng/behalf__Noun__1
written_rep: behalf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: emolumentum
sense_list:
The interest, benefit, or wellbeing of someone or something. | (when adopted by someone else) One's role or rightful place; stead or authority.


lexentry: eng/behaviorism__Noun__1
written_rep: behaviorism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: behaviorismus
sense_list:
An approach to psychology focusing on observable behavior which, generally assuming that behavior is determined by the environment and denying any independent significance for mind, largely ignores any pathophysiological processes which may, or may not, underlie subjective, behavioral phenomena.


lexentry: eng/behest__Noun__1
written_rep: behest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mandatum
sense_list:
A command, bidding; sometimes also, an authoritative request; now usually in the phrase at the behest of and at one's behest. [from 12th c.]


lexentry: eng/behind__Preposition__1
written_rep: behind
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: post
sense_list:
After in physical progress or distance. | After in time. | Less forward or advanced than; after. | In support of.


lexentry: eng/bejel__Noun__1
written_rep: bejel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lues
sense_list:
Endemic syphilis, a chronic disease of skin and tissue caused by infection by a subspecies of the spirochete Treponema pallidum.


lexentry: eng/belay__Verb__1
written_rep: belay
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: destino
sense_list:
(ambitransitive, nautical) To make (a rope) fast by turning it around a fastening point such as a cleat.


lexentry: eng/belay__Verb__1
written_rep: belay
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: annularis
sense_list:
(transitive) To lay aside; to stop; to cancel. | (intransitive, nautical) The general command to stop or cease.


lexentry: eng/belief__Noun__1
written_rep: belief
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fides
sense_list:
Mental acceptance of a claim as true. | (countable) Something believed. | (uncountable) The quality or state of believing. | (uncountable) Religious faith.


lexentry: eng/believe__Verb__1
written_rep: believe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: crēdō | credo
sense_list:
(transitive) To accept as true, particularly without absolute certainty (i.e., as opposed to knowing). | (transitive) To accept that someone is telling the truth. | (intransitive) To have religious faith; to believe in a greater truth.


lexentry: eng/belittle__Verb__1
written_rep: belittle
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: contemno
sense_list:
(transitive) To knowingly say that something is smaller or less important than it actually is, especially as a way of showing contempt or deprecation. [from 1782]


lexentry: eng/bell__Noun__1
written_rep: bell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: campana | nola | tintinnābulum
sense_list:
(percussion instrument) A percussive instrument made of metal or other hard material, typically but not always in the shape of an inverted cup with a flared rim, which resonates when struck.


lexentry: eng/bell_pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: bell pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: capsicum
sense_list:
(North America, Philippines) Any of several bell-shaped varieties of Capsicum annuum, an edible, sweet, generally mild (not spicy) fruit, originating in the New World.


lexentry: eng/belligerent__Adjective__1
written_rep: belligerent
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: bellicus
sense_list:
Of or pertaining to war. | (by extension) Aggressively hostile, eager to fight. | Acting violently towards others.


lexentry: eng/bellows__Noun__1
written_rep: bellows
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: follis
sense_list:
A device for delivering pressurized air in a controlled quantity to a controlled location. At its most simple terms a bellows is a container which is deformable in such a way as to alter its volume which has an outlet or outlets where one wishes to blow air.


lexentry: eng/bells__Noun__2
written_rep: bells
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vitrum
sense_list:
(nautical) Ship's bells; the strokes on a ship's bell, every half-hour, to mark the passage of time.


lexentry: eng/belly_flop__Noun__1
written_rep: belly flop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aequus
sense_list:
(diving) A style of diving into a body of water in which the surface impact is made mostly by one's abdomen.


lexentry: eng/bellyache__Verb__1
written_rep: bellyache
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: eiulo <i>1</i>
sense_list:
(informal, figurative, intransitive) To unnecessarily complain or whine, often about simple matters.


lexentry: eng/belong__Verb__1
written_rep: belong
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: insum
sense_list:
(followed by to) To be a part of a group. | (intransitive) To have its proper place. | (of a person) To be accepted in a group. | (intransitive, followed by to) To be part of, or the property of. | (intransitive, followed by to) To be the spouse or partner of. | (intransitive, set theory) (followed by to) To be an element of (a set). The symbol \in means belongs to.


lexentry: eng/bench_press__Noun__1
written_rep: bench press
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: supinum
sense_list:
(weightlifting) An exercise performed by pressing the weight of a barbell away from one's body while lying on a bench.


lexentry: eng/bend__Verb__1
written_rep: bend
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 13
trans_list: curvō | flectō | sinuō
sense_list:
(transitive, nautical) To tie, as in securing a line to a cleat; to shackle a chain to an anchor; make fast.


lexentry: eng/bend_sinister__Noun__1
written_rep: bend sinister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: asser
sense_list:
(heraldiccharge) A diagonal band on a coat of arms going from the sinister chief (the viewer's top right) to the dexter base, sometimes erroneously held to indicate bastardy.


lexentry: eng/bend_the_knee__Verb__1
written_rep: bend the knee
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: genūflectō
sense_list:
(idiom) To swear fealty or allegiance to another person. | (idiom) To submit to or show reverence toward a divine power.


lexentry: eng/benediction__Noun__1
written_rep: benediction
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: benedictio
sense_list:
A short invocation for help, blessing and guidance from God, said on behalf of another person or persons (sometimes at the end of a church worship service).


lexentry: eng/benzene__Noun__1
written_rep: benzene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: benzenum
sense_list:
(organic compound) An aromatic hydrocarbon of formula C6H6 whose structure consists of a ring of alternate single and double bonds.


lexentry: eng/benzoic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: benzoic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acidum benzoicum
sense_list:
(carboxylic acid) A white crystalline organic acid, C6H5COOH; the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid; used as a food preservative and in many other industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/benzoin__Noun__1
written_rep: benzoin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: benzoinum
sense_list:
A resinous substance, dry and brittle, obtained from Styrax benzoin, a tree of Sumatra, Java, etc., having a fragrant odor, and slightly aromatic taste. It is used in the preparation of benzoic acid, in medicine, and as a perfume. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/berth__Noun__1
written_rep: berth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: locus
sense_list:
(by extension) A job or position on a vessel. | (nautical) Chiefly in wide berth: a sufficient space in the water for a ship or other vessel to lie at anchor or manoeuvre without getting in the way of other vessels, or colliding into rocks or the shore. | (chiefly, nautical, slang) A proper place for a thing. | A position or seed in a tournament bracket.


lexentry: eng/beryl__Noun__1
written_rep: beryl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: beryllus
sense_list:
(uncountable, mineral) A mineral of pegmatite deposits, often used as a gemstone (molecular formula Be3Al2Si6O18).


lexentry: eng/beryllium__Noun__1
written_rep: beryllium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: beryllium
sense_list:
(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol Be) with an atomic number of 4; a soft silvery-white low density alkaline earth metal with specialist industrial applications.


lexentry: eng/besides__Adverb__1
written_rep: besides
part_of_speech: adverb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: praeter
sense_list:
(conjunctive) Used to emphasize an additional point, especially an important or stronger reason; moreover; furthermore.


lexentry: eng/besiege__Verb__1
written_rep: besiege
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obsideō
sense_list:
(transitive) To beset or surround with armed forces for the purpose of compelling to surrender, to lay siege to, beleaguer.


lexentry: eng/besmirch__Verb__1
written_rep: besmirch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: conspurcāre
sense_list:
(transitive, literary) To make dirty. | (transitive) To tarnish something, especially someone's reputation.


lexentry: eng/bestow__Verb__1
written_rep: bestow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dono
sense_list:
To impart (something) gratuitously; to present (something) to someone or something, especially as a gift or an honour; to confer, to give, to accord; to render.


lexentry: eng/bestride__Verb__1
written_rep: bestride
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: equito
sense_list:
(transitive) To be astride something, to stand over or sit on with legs on either side, especially to sit on a horse.


lexentry: eng/bet__Noun__1
written_rep: bet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sponsiō
sense_list:
A wager, an agreement between two parties that a stake (usually money) will be paid by the loser to the winner (the winner being the one who correctly forecast the outcome of an event).


lexentry: eng/beta__Noun__1
written_rep: beta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bēta
sense_list:
The second letter of the Greek alphabet (Β, β), preceded by alpha (Α, α) and followed by gamma, (Γ, γ). In modern Greek it represents the voiced labiodental fricative sound of v found in the English words have and vase.


lexentry: eng/betel__Noun__1
written_rep: betel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: betele
sense_list:
An evergreen Indian creeping shrub, Piper betle, whose dried leaves are chewed with betel nut: the betel pepper. | The betel palm, Areca catechu, and in particular its seed, the areca nut or betel nut.


lexentry: eng/betide__Verb__1
written_rep: betide
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fieri
sense_list:
(transitive) Often used in a prediction (chiefly in woe betide) or a wish: to happen to (someone or something); to befall. | (intransitive) Chiefly in the third person: to happen; to take place; to bechance, to befall.


lexentry: eng/betray__Verb__1
written_rep: betray
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prōdō
sense_list:
(transitive) To deliver into the hands of an enemy by treachery or fraud, in violation of trust; to give up treacherously or faithlessly.


lexentry: eng/betray__Verb__1
written_rep: betray
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dēmōnstrō | dētegō | mōnstrō | oleō | prōdō
sense_list:
(transitive) To prove faithless or treacherous to, as to a trust or one who trusts; to be false to; to deceive.


lexentry: eng/betray__Verb__1
written_rep: betray
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dēferō | prōdō
sense_list:
(transitive) To violate the confidence of, by disclosing a secret, or that which one is bound in honor not to make known.


lexentry: eng/between__Preposition__1
written_rep: between
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inter
sense_list:
In the position or interval that separates (two things), or intermediate in quantity or degree. (See Usage notes below.) | In transit from (one to the other, or connecting places). | One of (representing a choice).


lexentry: eng/between_the_hammer_and_the_anvil__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: between the hammer and the anvil
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inter malleum et incudem
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, idiomatic) With the choice between two unpleasant or distasteful options; in a predicament or quandary.


lexentry: eng/beverage__Noun__1
written_rep: beverage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pōtus
sense_list:
A liquid to consume; a drink, such as tea, coffee, liquor, beer, milk, juice, or a soft drink, usually excluding water.


lexentry: eng/bevor__Noun__1
written_rep: bevor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: barba
sense_list:
(historical) A portion of plate armour to protect the lower face and the neck, typically in two parts, called upper bevor and lower bevor.


lexentry: eng/beyond_the_pale__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: beyond the pale
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inacceptibilis
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Of a person or their behaviour: outside the bounds of what is acceptable, or regarded as good judgment, morality, ethics, etc.


lexentry: eng/bezel__Noun__1
written_rep: bezel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pāla
sense_list:
The rim and flange which encompasses and fastens a jewel or other object, such as the crystal of a watch, in the cavity in which it is set.


lexentry: eng/bib__Noun__1
written_rep: bib
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: casula
sense_list:
(sports) A colourful polyester or plastic vest worn over one's clothes, usually to mark one's team during group activities.


lexentry: eng/bible__Noun__1
written_rep: bible
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: biblia
sense_list:
(by extension) A comprehensive manual that describes something, or a publication with a loyal readership.


lexentry: eng/biblical__Adjective__1
written_rep: biblical
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biblicus
sense_list:
Of or relating to the Bible. | In accordance with the teachings of the Bible (according to some interpretation of it). | (figurative) Very great; especially, exceeding previous records in scale.


lexentry: eng/bibliography__Noun__1
written_rep: bibliography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: littera
sense_list:
A section of a written work containing citations, not quotations, to all the books referred to in the work.


lexentry: eng/bibliotherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: bibliotherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bibliotherapia
sense_list:
A nonpharmacological therapy using reading materials to meet people’s therapeutic or developmental needs.


lexentry: eng/bicycle__Noun__1
written_rep: bicycle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: birota
sense_list:
A vehicle that has two primary wheels, one behind the other, a steering handle, and a saddle seat or seats and is usually propelled by the action of a rider’s feet upon pedals. | (by extension, sometimes, proscribed) Any similar vehicle powered by human pedaling or steered with a handlebar, regardless of the number of wheels.


lexentry: eng/bid__Verb__2
written_rep: bid
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liceor
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make an offer to pay or accept a certain price. | (transitive) To offer as a price; to tender.


lexentry: eng/bifurcation__Noun__1
written_rep: bifurcation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bifurcum
sense_list:
(biology) A division into two branches. | (by extension) Any place where one thing divides into two. | The act of bifurcating; branching or dividing in two.


lexentry: eng/bifurcation__Noun__1
written_rep: bifurcation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: ramificatio
sense_list:
(mathematics) The change in the qualitative or topological structure of a given family as described by bifurcation theory.


lexentry: eng/big_baby__Noun__1
written_rep: big baby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: infans
sense_list:
(derogatory) An adult or youth prone to immature behavior associated with babies, such as tantrums or pouting.


lexentry: eng/big_toe__Noun__1
written_rep: big toe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hallus | pollex (pedis)
sense_list:
(anatomy) The largest toe (usually) on each human foot (i.e. the toe closest to the other foot when the feet are flat on the ground, side by side, and the legs not crossed) or on a foot of certain other animals.


lexentry: eng/bigot__Noun__1
written_rep: bigot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: illibĕrāle
sense_list:
One who is narrow-mindedly devoted to their own ideas and groups, and intolerant of (people of) differing ideas, races, genders, religions, politics, etc.


lexentry: eng/bigoted__Adjective__1
written_rep: bigoted
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fanaticus
sense_list:
Having the characteristics of a bigot; strongly prejudiced; forming negative opinions about others without just cause.


lexentry: eng/bigotry__Noun__1
written_rep: bigotry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: praeiudicium
sense_list:
The condition or the characteristic quality of a bigot, especially religious, anti-religious or racial intolerant prejudice; opinionatedness; fanaticism; fanatic intolerance.


lexentry: eng/bike__Noun__1
written_rep: bike
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: autobirota
sense_list:
Any vehicle sharing some characteristics with a bicycle or motorbike, such as pedal power, a handlebar, or a saddle.


lexentry: eng/bile__Noun__1
written_rep: bile
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fel | bīlis
sense_list:
A bitter brownish-yellow or greenish-yellow secretion produced by the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and discharged into the duodenum where it aids the process of digestion.


lexentry: eng/bilirubin__Noun__1
written_rep: bilirubin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bilirubinum
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A bile pigment that is a product of the breakdown of the heme portion of hemoglobin (which occurs within macrophages as they digest red blood cells), and which is responsible for the yellowish color seen in bruises. Extremely high levels of bilirubin may cause jaundice.


lexentry: eng/bill__Noun__2
written_rep: bill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rostrum
sense_list:
(zootomy) The beak of a bird, especially when small or flattish; sometimes also used with reference to a platypus, turtle, or other animal.


lexentry: eng/bill_of_fare__Noun__1
written_rep: bill of fare
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: charta
sense_list:
(old-fashioned) A written or printed enumeration of the dishes served at a banquet, or of the dishes (with prices listed) that may be ordered at a restaurant, etc.


lexentry: eng/billboard__Noun__1
written_rep: billboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: clipeus
sense_list:
A very large outdoor sign, generally used for advertising. | (nautical) A piece of thick plank, armed with iron plates, and fixed on the bow or fore-channels of a vessel, for the bill or fluke of the anchor to rest on.


lexentry: eng/billhook__Noun__1
written_rep: billhook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: cultor
sense_list:
An agricultural hand tool often with a curved or hooked end to the blade used for pruning or cutting thick, woody plants. | (often written as bill-hook) A part of the knotting mechanism in a reaper-binder or baler (agricultural machinery).


lexentry: eng/billion__Numeral__1
written_rep: billion
part_of_speech: numeral
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: milliardum
sense_list:
(dated, British & Australian, long scale) A million (times a) million (logic: 1,000,0002): a 1 followed by twelve zeros (1012); a thousand milliard.


lexentry: eng/bind__Verb__1
written_rep: bind
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cōnectō | iungō | nectō | teneo
sense_list:
(intransitive) To tie; to confine by any ligature. | (transitive) To confine, restrain, or hold by physical force or influence of any kind. | (transitive) To couple. | (transitive, computer programming) To process one or more object modules into an executable program. | (intransitive, , LGBTQ) To wear a binder so as to flatten one's chest to give the appearance of a flat chest, usually done by trans men.


lexentry: eng/binoculars__Noun__1
written_rep: binoculars
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: telescopium
sense_list:
A hand-held device consisting of a series of lenses and prisms, used to magnify objects so that they can be better seen from a distance, and looked at through both eyes.


lexentry: eng/binomial_nomenclature__Noun__1
written_rep: binomial nomenclature
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: binomen | nomen binominale
sense_list:
(taxonomy) The scientific system of naming each species of organism with a Latinized name in two parts; the first is the genus, and is written with an initial capital letter; the second is some specific epithet that distinguishes the species within the genus. By convention, the whole name is typeset in italics. The genus part is often abbreviated to its initial letter e.g. H. sapiens for Homo sapiens


lexentry: eng/binyan__Noun__1
written_rep: binyan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gens
sense_list:
(linguistics) In Semitic languages, especially Hebrew, a template that creates verbs by having root consonants slotted into it.


lexentry: eng/biochemistry__Noun__1
written_rep: biochemistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biochemica | biochemia
sense_list:
(uncountable) The chemistry of those compounds that occur in living organisms, and the processes that occur in their metabolism and catabolism; the study of such chemistry.


lexentry: eng/biological_clock__Noun__1
written_rep: biological clock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: horologium biologicum
sense_list:
(biology) Any of several mechanisms that regulate the periodicity of biological functions, such as the circadian rhythm.


lexentry: eng/biotechnology__Noun__1
written_rep: biotechnology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biotechnologia
sense_list:
The use of living organisms (especially microorganisms) in industrial, agricultural, medical and other technological applications. | The application of the principles and practices of engineering and technology to the life sciences.


lexentry: eng/bipartite__Adjective__1
written_rep: bipartite
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: bipartitus
sense_list:
(graph theory, of a graph) Having vertices that can be divided into two independent sets (see bigraph)


lexentry: eng/birds_of_a_feather_flock_together__Proverb__1
written_rep: birds of a feather flock together
part_of_speech: proverb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pares cum paribus facillimē congregantur
sense_list:
(idiomatic) People of similar character, background or taste tend to congregate or associate with one another; it is easier to establish friendships with people that one has a lot in common with.


lexentry: eng/birdsong__Noun__1
written_rep: birdsong
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: carmen
sense_list:
(ornithology) A vocalisation made by a bird, more complex than a call, for purposes associated with courtship and territory.


lexentry: eng/biretta__Noun__1
written_rep: biretta
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: biretum
sense_list:
A square cap, originally with four ridges across the top, surmounted by a tuft, worn by Roman Catholic clergy (and by some in the Anglican Church). A three-sided biretta is worn by Roman Catholic clergy for liturgical celebrations.


lexentry: eng/birth__Noun__1
written_rep: birth
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: partus | nascentia | nativitas
sense_list:
(uncountable) The process of childbearing; the beginning of life; the emergence of a human baby or other viviparous animal offspring from the mother's body into the environment.


lexentry: eng/birth_certificate__Noun__1
written_rep: birth certificate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: litterae nataliciae
sense_list:
An official document certifying the details of an individual's birth, indicating the name, date, and parents' names, and details such as parents' occupation and religion.


lexentry: eng/birthday__Noun__1
written_rep: birthday
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: natalis
sense_list:
The date on which someone is born or something is created, more commonly called birthdate or date of birth.


lexentry: eng/birthday_cake__Noun__1
written_rep: birthday cake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lībum nātāle
sense_list:
A cake, often iced and decorated, made to celebrate a person's birthday. | In particular, a buttery, frosted vanilla cake of the sort commonly made to celebrate birthdays in the US, used in compound words to attribute a buttery or creamy, sugary, vanilla cake flavour or aroma to other things.


lexentry: eng/birthrate__Noun__1
written_rep: birthrate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nativitas
sense_list:
The ratio of total live births to total population for a specific community or nation in a specified period; often expressed in births per thousand per year.


lexentry: eng/birthright_citizenship__Noun__1
written_rep: birthright citizenship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: jus soli
sense_list:
The right (unconditional or near-unconditional) of anyone born in the territory of a state to nationality or citizenship.


lexentry: eng/biscuit__Noun__1
written_rep: biscuit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: copta | tractum
sense_list:
(UK, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, sometimes, Canada, rare) A small, flat, baked good which is either hard and crisp or else soft but firm; a cookie.


lexentry: eng/biscuit__Noun__1
written_rep: biscuit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bucellātum
sense_list:
(chiefly, North America, rare in Scotland and Guernsey) A small, usually soft and flaky bread, generally made with baking soda, which is similar in texture to a scone but which is usually not sweet.


lexentry: eng/bisexual__Adjective__1
written_rep: bisexual
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bisexuālis
sense_list:
(of humans, or, other animals) Sexually attracted to both same-gendered and different-gendered partners. (Compare pansexual.)


lexentry: eng/bisexuality__Noun__1
written_rep: bisexuality
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bisexualitas
sense_list:
(of humans or other animals) The state of being sexually attracted to members of either sex. | (chiefly, botany) The state of being .


lexentry: eng/bishop__Noun__1
written_rep: bishop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: episcopus | episcopa
sense_list:
(Christianity) An overseer of congregations: either any such overseer, generally speaking, or (in Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism, Anglicanism, etc.) an official in the church hierarchy (actively or nominally) governing a diocese, supervising the church's priests, deacons, and property in its territory.


lexentry: eng/bishop__Noun__1
written_rep: bishop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: alfinus | episcopus
sense_list:
(chess) The chess piece denoted ♗ or ♝ which moves along diagonal lines and developed from the shatranj alfil ("elephant") and was originally known as the aufil or archer in English.


lexentry: eng/bissextile__Adjective__1
written_rep: bissextile
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bisextilis
sense_list:
Having an intercalary day, particularly the quadrennial leap day of the Julian and Gregorian calendars traditionally placed as a "second sixth" day before March 1st.


lexentry: eng/bistort__Noun__1
written_rep: bistort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Polygonum
sense_list:
Any of several perennial herbs, classified in genera Bistorta, Persicaria, or Polygonum, having spikes of pink flowers.


lexentry: eng/bitter_vetch__Noun__1
written_rep: bitter vetch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ervum
sense_list:
A plant with bitter, lentil-like seeds that are edible with special processing, but are now mostly fed to livestock, Vicia ervilia.


lexentry: eng/bitumen__Noun__1
written_rep: bitumen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bitūmen | bitumen
sense_list:
A sticky, black, highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum, burning with a bright flame. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, etc.; Mineral pitch.


lexentry: eng/bivalve__Noun__1
written_rep: bivalve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: concha
sense_list:
Any mollusc belonging to the taxonomic class Bivalvia, characterized by a shell consisting of two hinged sections, such as a scallop, clam, mussel or oyster.


lexentry: eng/bizarre__Adjective__1
written_rep: bizarre
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iracundus
sense_list:
Strangely unconventional; highly unusual and different from common experience, often in an extravagant, fantastic, and/or conspicuous way.


lexentry: eng/black-eyed_pea__Noun__1
written_rep: black-eyed pea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: phaseolus
sense_list:
An African leguminous plant, of the species Vigna unguiculata, widely cultivated as food and forage, specifically Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata. | The edible seed of these plants.


lexentry: eng/black-throated_diver__Noun__1
written_rep: black-throated diver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gavia arctica
sense_list:
Gavia arctica, a medium-sized member of the loon or diver family that breeds in Eurasia, with grey head, black throat, white underparts and chequered black-and-white mantle.


lexentry: eng/black__Adjective__1
written_rep: black
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niger | ater
sense_list:
(of an object) Absorbing all light and reflecting none; dark and hueless. | (US, UK, South Africa) Belonging to or descended from any of various sub-Saharan African ethnic groups which typically have dark pigmentation of the skin. | (sometimes, capitalized) Belonging to or descended from any of various (African, Aboriginal, etc.) ethnic groups which typically have dark pigmentation of the skin. (See usage notes below.) | (board games, chess) Of or relating to the playing pieces of a board game deemed to belong to the "black" set (in chess, the set used by the player who moves second) (often regardless of the pieces' actual colour). | Occult; relating to something (such as mystical or magical knowledge) which is unknown to or kept secret from the general public. | (taxonomy, especially) Dark in comparison to another species with the same base name.


lexentry: eng/black__Adjective__1
written_rep: black
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: ater | niger
sense_list:
(of objects or markets) Illegitimate, illegal, or disgraced. | Clandestine; relating to a political, military, or espionage operation or site, the existence or details of which is withheld from the general public.


lexentry: eng/black__Noun__1
written_rep: black
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: niger | āter | ater
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) The colour/color perceived in the absence of light, but also when no light is reflected, but rather absorbed. | (countable, British) A type of firecracker that is really more dark brown in colour.


lexentry: eng/black__Noun__1
written_rep: black
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ater | niger
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable) A black dye or pigment. | (countable) A pen, pencil, crayon, etc., made of black pigment.


lexentry: eng/black_and_blue__Adjective__1
written_rep: black and blue
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: līvidus
sense_list:
(colloquial, of a person) Having obvious bruises of the skin, typically from falling or being hit or punched.


lexentry: eng/black_eye__Noun__1
written_rep: black eye
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hypopium
sense_list:
A periorbital hematoma; a visible bruise surrounding a person's eye; an assault causing such a bruise; the eye involved.


lexentry: eng/black_locust__Noun__1
written_rep: black locust
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Robinia
sense_list:
A tree, Robinia pseudoacacia, in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae, native to the southeastern United States, but widely planted and naturalized elsewhere in temperate North America, Europe and Asia; considered an invasive species in some areas.


lexentry: eng/black_magic__Noun__1
written_rep: black magic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: goētīa | magia malefica | maleficium | veneficium
sense_list:
Magic derived from evil forces, as distinct from good or benign forces; or magic performed with the intention of doing harm.


lexentry: eng/black_pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: black pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: piper nigrum
sense_list:
The dried, unripe berries (peppercorns) of the Piper nigrum plant which are commonly used as a spice and seasoning. They are either used whole, or in a ground or crushed form.


lexentry: eng/black_poplar__Noun__1
written_rep: black poplar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Populus nigra
sense_list:
Any of species Populus nigra of poplars found in Europe, southwest and central Asia, and northwest Africa.


lexentry: eng/black_pudding__Noun__1
written_rep: black pudding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: botulus
sense_list:
A blood sausage made from minced pork, pork blood, cereal (oats or barley), and spices; eaten at breakfast and combined in starters and salads.


lexentry: eng/black_salsify__Noun__1
written_rep: black salsify
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Scorzonera hispanica
sense_list:
A perennial member of the sunflower family (Asteraceae), cultivated as a root vegetable (Pseudopodospermum hispanicum, syn. Scorzonera hispanica).


lexentry: eng/black_stork__Noun__1
written_rep: black stork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Ciconia nigra
sense_list:
A large bird of species Ciconia nigra in the stork family Ciconiidae, wintering in tropical Africa, found in much of western Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/black_swan__Noun__1
written_rep: black swan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rara avis
sense_list:
Something believed impossible or not to exist, especially if an example is subsequently found; also, something extremely rare; a rara avis.


lexentry: eng/blackamoor__Noun__1
written_rep: blackamoor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Niger
sense_list:
(archaic, heraldry, now, offensive) A person with dark black skin, especially one from north Africa.


lexentry: eng/blackbird__Noun__1
written_rep: blackbird
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: merula
sense_list:
A common true thrush, Turdus merula, found in woods and gardens over much of Eurasia, and introduced elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/blacklist__Noun__1
written_rep: blacklist
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: index
sense_list:
(legal, computing) A list or set of people or entities to be shunned or banned, disallowed or blocked.


lexentry: eng/blackout__Noun__1
written_rep: blackout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: eclipsis
sense_list:
(historical) The mandatory blocking of all light emanating from buildings, as well as outdoor and street lighting as a measure against aerial bombing or naval attack, as imposed during, e.g., World War II.


lexentry: eng/blackthorn__Noun__1
written_rep: blackthorn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spīnus
sense_list:
A large shrub or small tree, Prunus spinosa, that is native to Europe, western Asia, and north Africa. It has a dark bark and bears thorns.


lexentry: eng/bladdernut__Noun__1
written_rep: bladdernut
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Staphylea
sense_list:
Any of several species of large shrubs or small trees, of the genus Staphylea, in the family Staphyleaceae


lexentry: eng/bladderwort__Noun__1
written_rep: bladderwort
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Utricularia
sense_list:
Any of many aquatic carnivorous plants, of the genus Utricularia, that have open bladders that trap minute insects and crustaceans.


lexentry: eng/blame__Verb__1
written_rep: blame
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: culpō
sense_list:
(transitive, usually followed by "for") To assert or consider that someone is the cause of something negative; to place blame; to attribute responsibility (for something negative or for doing something negative).


lexentry: eng/bland__Adjective__1
written_rep: bland
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: suavis
sense_list:
Having a soothing effect; not irritating or stimulating. | (now, _, rare) Mild; soft, gentle, balmy; smooth in manner; suave.


lexentry: eng/blandish__Verb__1
written_rep: blandish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adulari
sense_list:
(transitive) To persuade someone by using flattery; to cajole. | (transitive) To praise someone dishonestly; to flatter or butter up.


lexentry: eng/blandishment__Noun__1
written_rep: blandishment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: blandīmentum | dēlēnīmentum
sense_list:
(countable) Often in the plural form blandishments: a flattering speech or action designed to influence or persuade.


lexentry: eng/blank_verse__Noun__1
written_rep: blank verse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: versus solutus
sense_list:
(poetry) A poetic form with regular meter, particularly iambic pentameter, but no fixed rhyme scheme.


lexentry: eng/blanket__Noun__1
written_rep: blanket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lōdix | strātum
sense_list:
A heavy, loosely woven fabric, usually large and woollen, used for warmth while sleeping or resting.


lexentry: eng/blasphemy__Noun__1
written_rep: blasphemy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: blasphēmia | blasphemia
sense_list:
An act of irreverence or contempt toward a god or toward something considered sacred; an impious act, utterance, view, etc.


lexentry: eng/blast__Verb__1
written_rep: blast
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: mitto
sense_list:
(transitive, science fiction) To shoot, especially with an energy weapon (as opposed to one which fires projectiles). | (soccer) To shoot; kick the ball in hope of scoring a goal.


lexentry: eng/bleach__Verb__1
written_rep: bleach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: decoloro
sense_list:
(transitive) To treat with bleach, especially so as to whiten (fabric, paper, etc.) or lighten (hair).


lexentry: eng/bleep_censor__Noun__1
written_rep: bleep censor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: censor signalis
sense_list:
(computing) A software module, manually operated by a broadcast technician, putting a five-second broadcast delay on the live content, providing time to censor the audio (and video) feed, and used to censor out what many consider "inappropriate" audio content during a live broadcast signal and replace it with a bleep signal.


lexentry: eng/blessed_thistle__Noun__1
written_rep: blessed thistle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Carduus benedictus
sense_list:
Centaurea benedicta (formerly usually called Cnicus benedictus), a thistle-like plant native to the Mediterranean.


lexentry: eng/blight__Noun__1
written_rep: blight
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rōbīgō | ūrēdō
sense_list:
(pathology, dated) A diseased condition of the face or skin; specifically, bleeding under the conjunctiva of the eye, a form of skin rash, or a palsy of the face due to cold.


lexentry: eng/blighter__Noun__1
written_rep: blighter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: barathrus
sense_list:
(UK, Irish, Commonwealth, often, disrespectful) A person, usually male, especially one who behaves in an objectionable or pitiable manner.


lexentry: eng/blind_spot__Noun__1
written_rep: blind spot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: macula ceca
sense_list:
The place where the optic nerve attaches to the retina, and so where the retina cannot detect light; the portion of the visual field that corresponds to this site.


lexentry: eng/blind_spot__Noun__1
written_rep: blind spot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: caecitas
sense_list:
(figuratively) An inability to recognize a fact or think clearly about a certain topic, especially because of a prejudice.


lexentry: eng/blind_spot__Noun__1
written_rep: blind spot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: extraneus
sense_list:
(figuratively) A subject or area about which one is uninformed or misinformed, often because of a prejudice or lack of appreciation.


lexentry: eng/blister__Noun__1
written_rep: blister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pustula
sense_list:
A small bubble between the layers of the skin that contains watery or bloody fluid and is caused by friction and pressure, burning, freezing, chemical irritation, disease, or infection.


lexentry: eng/blizzard__Noun__1
written_rep: blizzard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nigor | ningor
sense_list:
A large snowstorm accompanied by strong winds and greatly reduced visibility caused by blowing snow.


lexentry: eng/blob__Noun__1
written_rep: blob
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gutta
sense_list:
A shapeless or amorphous mass; a vague shape or amount, especially of a liquid or semisolid substance; a clump, group or collection that lacks definite shape.


lexentry: eng/block__Verb__1
written_rep: block
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: claudō | obstō
sense_list:
(transitive) To prevent (something or someone) from passing. | (transitive) To prevent (something from happening or someone from doing something).


lexentry: eng/block_and_tackle__Noun__1
written_rep: block and tackle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: polyspaston | trochlea
sense_list:
A system in which a rope, cable, or chain (the tackle) is passed over pulleys enclosed in two (or rarely more) blocks, one fixed and one attached to a load, which is used to gain mechanical advantage to lift or pull heavy loads.


lexentry: eng/blockade__Noun__1
written_rep: blockade
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obsessiō | obsidiō
sense_list:
(by extension) Any form of formal isolation or inhibition of something, especially with the force of law or arms.


lexentry: eng/blog__Noun__1
written_rep: blog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: malus
sense_list:
(Internet) A website that allows users to reflect, share opinions, and discuss various topics in the form of an online journal, sometimes letting readers comment on their posts. Most blogs are written in a slightly informal tone (personal journals, news, businesses, etc.)


lexentry: eng/blogosphere__Noun__1
written_rep: blogosphere
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: blogosphaera
sense_list:
(Internet) The totality of blogs, especially the unique jargon, cultures and shared interests created by their interconnection. [1999]


lexentry: eng/bloke__Noun__1
written_rep: bloke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: avunculus
sense_list:
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, informal) A fellow, a man; especially an ordinary man, a man on the street. [From 1847]


lexentry: eng/blood__Noun__1
written_rep: blood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sanguis | cruor
sense_list:
A vital liquid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals that usually conveys nutrients and oxygen. In vertebrates, it is colored red by hemoglobin, is conveyed by arteries and veins, is pumped by the heart and is usually generated in bone marrow. | A family relationship due to birth, such as that between siblings; contrasted with relationships due to marriage or adoption. See blood relative, blood relation. | (medicine, informal, countable) A blood test or blood sample.


lexentry: eng/blood_clot__Noun__1
written_rep: blood clot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: coagulum
sense_list:
(hematology, pathology) A clot formed from platelets and other elements; that forms in a blood vessel in a living organism, and causes thrombosis or obstruction of the vessel at its point of formation or travel to other areas of the body.


lexentry: eng/blood_libel__Noun__1
written_rep: blood libel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: accūsātiō sanguinis
sense_list:
(conspiracy) The false, anti-Semitic accusation that Jews abduct and murder non-Jewish children to use their blood for their religious rituals and holidays.


lexentry: eng/blood_poisoning__Noun__1
written_rep: blood poisoning
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sepsis
sense_list:
(pathology) The presence in the bloodstream of microorganisms or their toxins in a sufficient quantity to cause serious illness; sepsis or septicemia.


lexentry: eng/blood_pressure__Noun__1
written_rep: blood pressure
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pressio sanguinis
sense_list:
The pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries and veins; it varies during the heartbeat cycle, and according to a person's age, health and physical condition.


lexentry: eng/blood_transfusion__Noun__1
written_rep: blood transfusion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: transfusio
sense_list:
(medicine) The act or process of transferring blood products into a person's circulation intravenously; an instance of it. | (figurative, uncommon) A refreshing or reinvigoration of something.


lexentry: eng/blood_type__Noun__1
written_rep: blood type
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: genus sanguinis
sense_list:
Any classification of human blood by the presence or absence of various antigens in a person’s red blood cells. | One of eight possible classifications within the ABO and Rh blood group systems, commonly used to determine a person's compatibility for blood transfusion.


lexentry: eng/blood_vessel__Noun__1
written_rep: blood vessel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vēna | vas sanguineum
sense_list:
(anatomy) A component of the circulatory system, such as an artery, capillary, or vein, that carries blood.


lexentry: eng/bloodbath__Noun__1
written_rep: bloodbath
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: clades
sense_list:
(figuratively) An upset (as of a game with unexpected results, or a national presidential convention) or heavy defeat.


lexentry: eng/bloodletting__Noun__1
written_rep: bloodletting
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: missio sanguinis
sense_list:
(historical, medicine) The archaic practice of treating illness by removing some blood, believed to be tainted, from the stricken person.


lexentry: eng/bloodshed__Noun__1
written_rep: bloodshed
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caedes
sense_list:
(literally) The shedding or spilling of blood. | A slaughter; destruction of life, notably on a large scale.


lexentry: eng/blossom__Noun__1
written_rep: blossom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: flōs
sense_list:
A flower, especially one indicating that a fruit tree is fruiting; (collectively) a mass of such flowers.


lexentry: eng/blossom__Verb__1
written_rep: blossom
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: flōreō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To have, or open into, blossoms; to bloom. | (intransitive) To begin to thrive or flourish.


lexentry: eng/blot__Noun__1
written_rep: blot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: macula
sense_list:
A blemish, spot or stain made by a coloured substance. | (by extension) A stain on someone's reputation or character; a disgrace.


lexentry: eng/blouse__Noun__1
written_rep: blouse
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pēlūsia | supparum
sense_list:
(fashion) A shirt for women or girls, particularly a shirt with buttons and often a collar; a dress shirt tailored for women.


lexentry: eng/blow__Verb__1
written_rep: blow
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 20
trans_list: vexātor
sense_list:
(transitive, vulgar) To perform oral sex on (someone); to fellate. | (obsolete, transitive) To spread by report; to publish; to disclose. | (intransitive) To breathe hard or quick; to pant; to puff.


lexentry: eng/blow_hot_and_cold__Verb__1
written_rep: blow hot and cold
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: duabus sellis sedeo
sense_list:
(intransitive, idiomatic) To behave inconsistently; to vacillate or to waver, as between extremes of opinion or emotion.


lexentry: eng/blow_off_steam__Verb__1
written_rep: blow off steam
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spirare
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To vent; to talk or take action (especially in a ranting or unrestrained way) so as to relieve stress.


lexentry: eng/blow_one's_nose__Verb__1
written_rep: blow one's nose
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ēmungō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To expel mucus or other matter from one's nasal passages, via one's nostril, by force of lung power.


lexentry: eng/blow_up__Verb__1
written_rep: blow up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: inflo
sense_list:
(transitive, dated) To inflate, as with pride, self-conceit, etc.; to puff up. | (intransitive, of a storm) To begin; to gather; to form.


lexentry: eng/blowhard__Noun__1
written_rep: blowhard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: delator
sense_list:
(Canada, US, derogatory) A person who talks too much or too loudly, especially in a boastful or self-important manner. [from c. 1840]


lexentry: eng/blubber__Noun__1
written_rep: blubber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arvina
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) A fatty layer of adipose tissue found immediately beneath the epidermis of whales and other cetaceans (infraorder Cetacea). | (uncountable, informal, chiefly, derogatory, and, offensive) A person's fat tissue, usually when regarded as excessive and unsightly.


lexentry: eng/blue-green_alga__Noun__1
written_rep: blue-green alga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cyanobacteria
sense_list:
Any member of the taxonomic class or phylum Cyanobacteria; a primitive photosynthetic organism similar to bacteria which is thought to have generated the first oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere.


lexentry: eng/blue_jay__Noun__1
written_rep: blue jay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cyanocitta cristata
sense_list:
Any of species Cyanocitta cristata of North American jays with blue feathering from the top of its head to midway down its back.


lexentry: eng/blue_mussel__Noun__1
written_rep: blue mussel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mitulus | musculus
sense_list:
A medium-sized edible mussel, Mytilus edulis, found on the North Atlantic coast of North America, Europe, and in other temperate and polar waters around the world.


lexentry: eng/blueberry__Noun__1
written_rep: blueberry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vaccīnium
sense_list:
(countable) An edible round berry, belonging to the cowberry group (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus), with flared crowns at the end, that turns blue on ripening. | (countable) The shrub of the above-mentioned berry. | (countable, and, uncountable) A dark blue colour.


lexentry: eng/blueprint__Noun__1
written_rep: blueprint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: cogitātio
sense_list:
(architecture, engineering, by extension) A detailed technical drawing (now often in some electronically storable and transmissible form).


lexentry: eng/bluethroat__Noun__1
written_rep: bluethroat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Luscinia svecica
sense_list:
A small Old World passerine bird, of species Luscinia svecica, the male in spring having a bright blue throat.


lexentry: eng/bluff__Verb__1
written_rep: bluff
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: fallo
sense_list:
(by analogy) To frighten, deter, or deceive with a false show of strength or confidence; to give a false impression of strength or temerity in order to intimidate or gain some advantage.


lexentry: eng/blunder__Verb__1
written_rep: blunder
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: eo caece
sense_list:
(chess, transitive) To lose a piece due to having made a bad move [with the piece lost]. | (chess, transitive) To overlook the possibility of, or end up in, a specified undesirable situation after making a bad move. | (transitive, obsolete) To do or treat in a blundering manner; to confuse.


lexentry: eng/blunderbuss__Noun__1
written_rep: blunderbuss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: catapulta
sense_list:
An old style of muzzleloading firearm and early form of shotgun with a distinctive short, large caliber barrel that is flared at the muzzle, therefore able to fire scattered quantities of nails, stones, shot, etc. at short range.


lexentry: eng/blush__Verb__1
written_rep: blush
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rubescō | rubeō | subrubeō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To become red or pink in the face (and sometimes experience an associated feeling of warmth), especially due to shyness, love, shame, excitement, or embarrassment.


lexentry: eng/boa__Noun__1
written_rep: boa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: boa
sense_list:
Any of a group of large American snakes, of the genus Boa, subfamily Boinae, or family Boidae, including the boa constrictor and the emperor boa of Mexico. | A type of long scarf; typically made from synthetic or real feathers (or occasionally fur), and usually worn by being draped across the shoulders with the ends hanging low, sometimes also with a loop around the neck.


lexentry: eng/board__Noun__1
written_rep: board
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tabula
sense_list:
A relatively long, wide and thin piece of any material, usually wood or similar, often for use in construction or furniture-making. | Short for blackboard, whiteboard, chessboard, surfboard, circuit board, message board (on the Internet), bulletin board, etc.


lexentry: eng/board_game__Noun__1
written_rep: board game
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ludus tabularum
sense_list:
Any of many games of strategy or chance played on a specially designed board; often involves one or more players moving pieces and using dice or cards.


lexentry: eng/board_up__Verb__1
written_rep: board up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: damnare
sense_list:
(transitive) To block doors or windows with boards, either to prevent access or as protection from storms, etc.


lexentry: eng/boarder__Noun__1
written_rep: boarder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: capparis
sense_list:
(nautical) A sailor attacking an enemy ship by boarding her, or one repelling such attempts by an enemy.


lexentry: eng/boast__Verb__1
written_rep: boast
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: glōriō | vānitō
sense_list:
(transitive) (used with "about" or "of") To speak of with pride, vanity, or exultation, with a view to self-commendation; to extol.


lexentry: eng/boathook__Noun__1
written_rep: boathook
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: contus
sense_list:
A hook attached to a pole used for pulling or pushing boats, rafts, logs or other objects to or from the side of a boat.


lexentry: eng/bob__Verb__1
written_rep: bob
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agitare
sense_list:
(intransitive) To move gently and vertically, in either a single motion or repeatedly up and down, at or near the surface of a body of water, or similar medium.


lexentry: eng/bodily_fluid__Noun__1
written_rep: bodily fluid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: humor
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any liquid portion of the body, such as blood, urine, semen, saliva, especially when expelled.


lexentry: eng/body__Noun__1
written_rep: body
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: corpus
sense_list:
(countable) The physical structure of a human or animal seen as one single organism. [from 9th c.] | The fleshly or corporeal nature of a human, as opposed to the spirit or soul. [from 13th c.] | A group of people having a common purpose or opinion; a mass. [from 16th c.] | An organisation, company or other authoritative group. [from 17th c.] | A unified collection of details, knowledge or information. [from 17th c.] | (countable) Any physical object or material thing. [from 14th c.] | (uncountable) Comparative viscosity, solidity or substance (in wine, colours etc.). [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/body_of_water__Noun__1
written_rep: body of water
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aqua
sense_list:
Any significant accumulation of water, usually covering the Earth or another planet, such as an ocean, a river, a lake or a bay.


lexentry: eng/boffin__Noun__1
written_rep: boffin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: doctus
sense_list:
(Australia, New Zealand, Britain, Ireland, informal) An engineer or scientist, especially one engaged in technological or military research. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/bog__Noun__1
written_rep: bog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lāma | palūs
sense_list:
(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)


lexentry: eng/bogie__Noun__1
written_rep: bogie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: plostellum
sense_list:
(by extension, rail transport, also, attributively) One of two sets of wheels under a locomotive or railcar; also, a structure with axles and wheels under a locomotive, railcar, or semi which provides support and reduces vibration for the vehicle.


lexentry: eng/boil_down__Verb__1
written_rep: boil down
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: artāre
sense_list:
(transitive) To reduce (to the most central elements or ingredients: to the essence, core, or implication for action).


lexentry: eng/boiler__Noun__1
written_rep: boiler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: aena
sense_list:
A device consisting of a heat source and a tank for storing hot water, typically for space heating, domestic hot water etc., disregarding the source of heat.


lexentry: eng/bolete__Noun__1
written_rep: bolete
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: boletus
sense_list:
A type of fruiting body produced by certain fungus species in the order Boletales, especially those of genus Boletus, many of which are prized for their flavour; any species of said order that produces such a fruiting body.


lexentry: eng/bollard__Noun__1
written_rep: bollard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: caudex
sense_list:
A similar post preventing vehicle access to a pedestrian area, to delineate traffic lanes, or used for security purposes.


lexentry: eng/bolt__Noun__1
written_rep: bolt
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: pessulus | sera
sense_list:
A bar of wood or metal dropped in horizontal hooks on a door and adjoining wall or between the two sides of a double door, to prevent the door(s) from being forced open.


lexentry: eng/bolthole__Noun__1
written_rep: bolthole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: sanctuarium
sense_list:
(figurative) A second home, etc., where one can seek an escape or refuge from the stresses of everyday life.


lexentry: eng/bombast__Noun__1
written_rep: bombast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ampulla
sense_list:
(figurative) High-sounding words; language above the dignity of the occasion; a pompous or ostentatious manner of writing or speaking.


lexentry: eng/bombastic__Adjective__1
written_rep: bombastic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grandiloquus
sense_list:
(of a person, their language or writing) showy in speech and given to using flowery or elaborate terms; grandiloquent; pompous


lexentry: eng/bombshell__Noun__1
written_rep: bombshell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antlia
sense_list:
(historical) Any grenade, mortar shell, or artillery shell (hollow metal object) containing a charge that can explode.


lexentry: eng/bond__Noun__1
written_rep: bond
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vinculum
sense_list:
(legal) A document constituting evidence of a long-term debt, by which the bond issuer (the borrower) is obliged to pay interest when due, and repay the principal at maturity, as specified on the face of the bond certificate. The rights of the holder are specified in the bond indenture, which contains the legal terms and conditions under which the bond was issued. Bonds are available in two forms: registered bonds, and bearer bonds. | (often, in the plural) A physical connection which binds, a band.


lexentry: eng/bondage__Noun__1
written_rep: bondage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: captīvitās
sense_list:
The state of being enslaved or the practice of slavery. | (by extension) The state of lacking freedom; constraint.


lexentry: eng/bondsman__Noun__1
written_rep: bondsman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: sponsor
sense_list:
Someone who signs a bond that states that they have taken responsibility for someone else's obligations.


lexentry: eng/bone__Noun__1
written_rep: bone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: os | ossum
sense_list:
(uncountable) A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates. | (countable) Any of the components of an endoskeleton, made of this material. | A bone of a fish; a fishbone. | (American football, informal) The wishbone formation.


lexentry: eng/bone_marrow__Noun__1
written_rep: bone marrow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: medulla ossium | medulla
sense_list:
(anatomy) The fatty vascular tissue that fills the cavities of bones, being the place where new blood cells are produced.


lexentry: eng/bone_of_contention__Noun__1
written_rep: bone of contention
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: malum discordiae
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Something that continues to be disputed; something on which no agreement can be reached.


lexentry: eng/bonfire__Noun__1
written_rep: bonfire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bustum
sense_list:
A large, controlled outdoor fire lit to celebrate something or as a signal. | A fire lit outdoors to burn unwanted items; originally (historical) , heretics or other offenders, or banned books; now, generally agricultural or garden waste, or rubbish.


lexentry: eng/booby__Noun__1
written_rep: booby
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: amens
sense_list:
Any of various large tropical seabirds from the genera Sula and Papasula in the gannet family Sulidae, traditionally considered to be stupid.


lexentry: eng/book__Noun__1
written_rep: book
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liber | caudex | codex
sense_list:
A collection of sheets of paper bound together to hinge at one edge, containing printed or written material, pictures, etc.


lexentry: eng/book__Noun__1
written_rep: book
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: liber
sense_list:
A long work fit for publication, typically prose, such as a novel or textbook, and typically published as such a bound collection of sheets, but now sometimes electronically as an e-book. | A major division of a long work. | (gambling) A record of betting (from the use of a notebook to record what each person has bet).


lexentry: eng/book_of_hours__Noun__1
written_rep: book of hours
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: liber horarum
sense_list:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, historical) An illuminated Catholic devotional book, popular in the Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/booking__Noun__1
written_rep: booking
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: cella
sense_list:
(sports) The issuing of a caution which is usually written down in a book, and results in a yellow card or (after two bookings) a red card, that is to say, the player is sent from the field of play.


lexentry: eng/boom__Noun__2
written_rep: boom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arbor
sense_list:
(sailing) A spar extending the foot of a sail; a spar rigged outboard from a ship's side to which boats are secured in harbour.


lexentry: eng/boom__Noun__2
written_rep: boom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: asser
sense_list:
A floating barrier used to obstruct navigation, for military or other purposes; or used for the containment of an oil spill or to control the flow of logs from logging operations.


lexentry: eng/boom_barrier__Noun__1
written_rep: boom barrier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: repagulum
sense_list:
A bar or pole that can be lowered to block vehicular access through a controlled location, or raised to allow traffic to pass.


lexentry: eng/boomerang__Noun__1
written_rep: boomerang
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cateia
sense_list:
A flat curved airfoil that spins about an axis perpendicular to the direction of flight, originally used in various parts of the world as a hunting weapon or, in returnable types, for sports or training.


lexentry: eng/borax__Noun__1
written_rep: borax
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: santerna
sense_list:
A white or gray/grey crystalline salt, with a slight alkaline taste, used as a flux, in soldering metals, making enamels, fixing colors/colours on porcelain, and as a soap, etc.


lexentry: eng/bore__Verb__1
written_rep: bore
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: terebrō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a hole with, or as if with, a boring instrument; to cut a circular hole by the rotary motion of a tool.


lexentry: eng/boron__Noun__1
written_rep: boron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: borium | borum
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol B) with an atomic number of 5, which is a metalloid found in its pure form as a dark amorphous powder.


lexentry: eng/borough__Noun__1
written_rep: borough
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: castellum
sense_list:
A town having a municipal corporation and certain traditional rights. | An administrative district in some cities, e.g., London.


lexentry: eng/boson__Noun__1
written_rep: boson
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: boson
sense_list:
(particle) A particle with totally symmetric composite quantum states, which exempts them from the Pauli exclusion principle, and that hence obeys Bose-Einstein statistics. They have integer spin. Among them are many elementary particles, and some (gauge bosons) are known to carry the fundamental forces. Compare fermion.


lexentry: eng/boss__Noun__1
written_rep: boss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dominus
sense_list:
A leader, the head of an organized group or team. | The head of a political party in a given region or district. | (informal, especially, India, MLE, and, Philippines) A term of address to a man, especially a customer, but also sometimes to a friend or acquaintance of equal standing.


lexentry: eng/boss__Noun__2
written_rep: boss
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: umbō
sense_list:
A convex protuberance in hammered work, especially the rounded projection in the centre of a shield.


lexentry: eng/bot__Noun__3
written_rep: bot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: botum | robotum
sense_list:
(computing) A piece of software designed to perform a task (often a minor but repetitive one) automatically or on command, especially when operating with the appearance of a (human) user profile or account.


lexentry: eng/botch__Noun__1
written_rep: botch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bunnolus
sense_list:
An action, job, or task that has been performed very badly; a ruined, defective, or clumsy piece of work.


lexentry: eng/bother__Verb__1
written_rep: bother
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cŭrāre
sense_list:
(transitive) To annoy, to disturb, to irritate; to be troublesome to, to make trouble for. | To do something which is of negligible inconvenience.


lexentry: eng/bothy__Noun__1
written_rep: bothy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: casa
sense_list:
(Scotland, Ireland, Northumberland) A small cottage, especially one for communal use in remote areas by labourers or farmhands, or as a mountain shelter. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/bottleneck__Noun__1
written_rep: bottleneck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: infundibulum
sense_list:
(figurative) In traffic, any narrowing of the road, especially resulting in a delay. | (by extension) The part of a process that is too slow or cumbersome.


lexentry: eng/botulism__Noun__1
written_rep: botulism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: botulismus
sense_list:
(pathology) Poisoning caused by the toxin from Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic bacterium that grows in improperly prepared food.


lexentry: eng/bouncer__Noun__1
written_rep: bouncer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iānua
sense_list:
(informal) A member of security personnel employed by bars, nightclubs, etc. to decide who can enter, maintain order, and deal with patrons who cause trouble.


lexentry: eng/boundary__Noun__1
written_rep: boundary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: fines
sense_list:
(topology) (of a set) the set of points in the closure of a set S, not belonging to the interior of that set


lexentry: eng/bounty__Noun__1
written_rep: bounty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: auctoramentum
sense_list:
(military, historical) Money paid to a person when becoming a member of the armed forces, or as a reward for some service therein.


lexentry: eng/boustrophedon__Noun__1
written_rep: boustrophedon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bustrophedon
sense_list:
(historical, calligraphy, of writing) Writing that is right-to-left and left-to-right on alternate lines.


lexentry: eng/bout__Noun__1
written_rep: bout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: bucca
sense_list:
(music) A bulge or widening in a musical instrument, such as either of the two characteristic bulges of a guitar.


lexentry: eng/bovine_spongiform_encephalopathy__Noun__1
written_rep: bovine spongiform encephalopathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: encephalopathia spongiformis bovina
sense_list:
(disease, neurology) A fatal, neurodegenerative disease of cattle, which is transmissible to humans through misshaped prion proteins, caused by eating infected tissues.


lexentry: eng/bow__Noun__1
written_rep: bow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arcus
sense_list:
(archery) A weapon made of a curved piece of wood or other flexible material whose ends are connected by a string, used for shooting arrows. | (musical instrument) A rod with horsehair (or an artificial substitute) stretched between the ends, used for playing various stringed musical instruments. | Any instrument consisting of an elastic rod, with ends connected by a string, employed for giving reciprocating motion to a drill, or for preparing and arranging hair, fur, etc., used by hatters.


lexentry: eng/bowdlerize__Verb__1
written_rep: bowdlerize
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: damnare
sense_list:
(transitive) To remove or alter those parts of a text considered offensive, vulgar, or otherwise unseemly.


lexentry: eng/bowhead__Noun__1
written_rep: bowhead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Balaena mysticetus
sense_list:
A large baleen whale, of species Balaena mysticetus, having a large, rounded head, that inhabits Arctic waters.


lexentry: eng/bowl__Noun__1
written_rep: bowl
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: catinus
sense_list:
A roughly hemispherical container used to hold, mix or present food, such as salad, fruit or soup, or other items.


lexentry: eng/bowstring__Noun__1
written_rep: bowstring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ceruchus
sense_list:
The string of an archer's bow. | (historical) The string of an archer's bow, as used by the Turks for strangling offenders.


lexentry: eng/box__Noun__2
written_rep: box
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: buxus
sense_list:
Any of various evergreen shrubs or trees of genus Buxus, especially common box, European box, or boxwood (Buxus sempervirens) which is often used for making hedges and topiary. | (Australia) Various species of Eucalyptus trees are popularly called various kinds of boxes, on the basis of the nature of their wood, bark, or appearance for example, drooping box (Eucalyptus bicolor), shiny-leaved box (Eucalyptus tereticornis), black box, or ironbark box trees.


lexentry: eng/box_tree__Noun__1
written_rep: box tree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: buxus
sense_list:
(botany) Any of several trees, of the genus Buxus, often used as a hedge, for topiary, and as a source of boxwood


lexentry: eng/boxing__Noun__1
written_rep: boxing
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pugilātiō | pugilatio
sense_list:
(sports) A sport where two opponents punch each other with gloved fists to head and torso; the object being to score more points by the end of the match or by knockout, or technical knockout.


lexentry: eng/boxing_glove__Noun__1
written_rep: boxing glove
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caestus
sense_list:
(boxing, clothing) A padded mitten, designed to protect the hand while punching, and worn in boxing.


lexentry: eng/boxwood__Noun__1
written_rep: boxwood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: buxum
sense_list:
(uncountable) The hard, close-grained wood of this tree, used in delicate woodwork and in making inlays.


lexentry: eng/boy__Noun__1
written_rep: boy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: fīlius | puer
sense_list:
(informal, sometimes mildly derogatory) A male human of any age, as opposed to a "girl" (female human of any age).


lexentry: eng/boy__Noun__1
written_rep: boy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: puer | servus
sense_list:
(obsolete) A male of low station, (especially as pejorative) a worthless male, a wretch; a mean and dishonest male, a knave. [14th–17th c.] | A male non-human animal, especially, in affectionate address, a male pet, especially a dog. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/brace__Noun__1
written_rep: brace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: ancora
sense_list:
A piece of material used to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell.


lexentry: eng/brachialis__Noun__1
written_rep: brachialis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: musculus brachialis
sense_list:
(anatomy) A muscle in the upper arm that flexes the elbow joint, in conjunction with the biceps brachii.


lexentry: eng/bracken__Noun__1
written_rep: bracken
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: filix
sense_list:
(uncountable, countable) Any of several coarse ferns, of the genus Pteridium, that form dense thickets; often poisonous to livestock.


lexentry: eng/bracket__Noun__1
written_rep: bracket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: angulus
sense_list:
A fixture attached to a wall to hold up a shelf. | (engineering) Any intermediate object that connects a smaller part to a larger part, the smaller part typically projecting sideways from the larger part.


lexentry: eng/bracket__Noun__1
written_rep: bracket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: fuscinula
sense_list:
(military) Typically of stationary weapons, the zone enclosed by one long and one short shot impact expected to be hit very accurately.


lexentry: eng/brackish__Adjective__1
written_rep: brackish
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: salsugineus
sense_list:
(of water) Salty or slightly salty, as a mixture of fresh and sea water, such as that found in estuaries.


lexentry: eng/brag__Verb__1
written_rep: brag
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: glorior
sense_list:
(intransitive, often with of) To boast; to talk with excessive pride about what one has, is able to do, or has done; often as an attempt to popularize oneself.


lexentry: eng/braid__Verb__1
written_rep: braid
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: plectō
sense_list:
(transitive) To weave together, intertwine (strands of fibers, ribbons, etc.); to arrange (hair) in braids. | (obsolete) To reproach; to upbraid.


lexentry: eng/brain__Noun__1
written_rep: brain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cerebrum | cerebellum
sense_list:
A part of the brain, especially associated with particular mental functions, abilities, etc. | The control center of the central nervous system of an animal located in the skull which is responsible for perception, cognition, attention, memory, emotion, and action. | (informal) Mind. | (in the plural) Intellect. | (in the singular) An intellectual or mental capacity. | (informal) An intelligent person. | (plurale tantum) A person who provides the intelligence required for something. | By analogy with a human brain, the part of a machine or computer that performs calculations. | (slang, vulgar, uncountable) Oral sex. | A loose compartment of a backpack that straps on over the top opening.


lexentry: eng/brain_stem__Noun__1
written_rep: brain stem
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: truncus encephali | truncus cerebri
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy, anatomy) The part of the brain that connects the spinal cord to the cerebrum and the rest of the forebrain.


lexentry: eng/brainchild__Noun__1
written_rep: brainchild
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: inventio
sense_list:
(informal) A creation of one's brain; an original idea or innovation of a person or group of people, an organization, etc.


lexentry: eng/brains__Noun__2
written_rep: brains
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cerebellum
sense_list:
The substance of a brain, as a material or foodstuff. | (informal) The figurative substance of a brain: mental ability, intelligence.


lexentry: eng/brake__Noun__1
written_rep: brake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sufflāmen
sense_list:
A device used to slow or stop the motion of a wheel, or of a vehicle, usually by friction (although other resistive forces, such as electromagnetic fields or aerodynamic drag, can also be used); also, the controls or apparatus used to engage such a mechanism such as the pedal in a car. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/brambling__Noun__1
written_rep: brambling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Fringilla montifringilla
sense_list:
A finch, Fringilla montifringilla of northern Eurasia, the male having a black head in summer and an orange breast with white belly and a long white rump.


lexentry: eng/bran__Noun__1
written_rep: bran
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acus | canicae | āplūda
sense_list:
The broken coat of the seed of wheat, rye, or other cereal grain, separated from the flour or meal by sifting or bolting; the coarse, chaffy part of ground grain.


lexentry: eng/brand__Noun__1
written_rep: brand
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: nota
sense_list:
The symbolic identity, represented by a name and/or a logo, which indicates a certain product or service to the public. | A specific product, service, or provider so distinguished.


lexentry: eng/brandish__Verb__1
written_rep: brandish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vibrō
sense_list:
(transitive) To move or swing a weapon back and forth, particularly if demonstrating anger, threat or skill.


lexentry: eng/brane__Noun__1
written_rep: brane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brana
sense_list:
(physics) A hypothetical object extending across a number of (often specified) spatial dimensions, with strings in string theory seen as one-dimensional examples.


lexentry: eng/brash__Adjective__1
written_rep: brash
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: procax
sense_list:
(of people or behaviour) Overly bold or self-assertive to the point of being insensitive, tactless or impudent; shameless.


lexentry: eng/brass__Noun__1
written_rep: brass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: orichalcum | aes album | aes candidum
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A metallic alloy of copper and zinc used in many industrial and plumbing applications.


lexentry: eng/brass_instrument__Noun__1
written_rep: brass instrument
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aes
sense_list:
(musical instruments) Any musical instrument whose tone is produced by vibration of the lips as the player blows into a mouthpiece (or tubular resonator).


lexentry: eng/bray__Verb__1
written_rep: bray
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oncō | rudō
sense_list:
(intransitive) Of an animal (now chiefly of animals related to the ass or donkey, and the camel): to make its cry.


lexentry: eng/brazier__Noun__2
written_rep: brazier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: foculus | vatillum
sense_list:
An upright standing or hanging metal bowl used for holding burning coal for a source of light or heat.


lexentry: eng/breach__Noun__1
written_rep: breach
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cele
sense_list:
A gap or opening made by breaking or battering, as in a wall, fortification or levee / embankment; the space between the parts of a solid body rent by violence. | The act of breaking, in a figurative sense. | A breaking up of amicable relations, a falling out.


lexentry: eng/bread__Noun__1
written_rep: bread
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panis
sense_list:
A foodstuff made by baking dough made from cereals. | Food; sustenance; support of life, in general. | (countable) Any variety of bread.


lexentry: eng/bread_and_circuses__Noun__1
written_rep: bread and circuses
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: panem et circenses
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Food and entertainment provided by the state, particularly if intended to placate the people.


lexentry: eng/breadstick__Noun__1
written_rep: breadstick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: digitulus
sense_list:
A long, very slender loaf of crisp bread smaller than a baguette; for example, grissini from Italy and rosquilletas from Spain.


lexentry: eng/break__Verb__1
written_rep: break
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 28
trans_list: cōnfringō | frangō | rumpō
sense_list:
(intransitive, of a voice) To alter in type due to emotion or strain: in men, generally to go up, in women, sometimes to go down; to crack.


lexentry: eng/break_a_lance__Verb__1
written_rep: break a lance
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bello
sense_list:
(intransitive) to take a stand, to contend [with for ‘to the benefit of’] [with in favour of ‘to the benefit of’] [with against ‘in opposition to’] [with with ‘in opposition to’]


lexentry: eng/break_down__Verb__1
written_rep: break down
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: dissolvere
sense_list:
(ergative, figuratively) To render or to become unstable due to stress, to collapse physically or mentally. | (ergative) To (cause to) decay, to decompose.


lexentry: eng/break_one's_fast__Verb__1
written_rep: break one's fast
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ientaculum
sense_list:
(dated) To eat breakfast; to eat the first meal of the day after a night of not eating or to conclude any period of fasting by consuming food.


lexentry: eng/break_wind__Verb__1
written_rep: break wind
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pēdō | ventum ēmittō
sense_list:
(idiomatic, euphemistic) To expel gases generated during digestion, especially through the anus; to fart.


lexentry: eng/breakaway__Noun__1
written_rep: breakaway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: diffugium
sense_list:
(ice hockey) A situation in the game where one or more players of a team attack towards the goal of the other team without having any defenders in front of them. | A swing dance in which the leader occasionally swings the follower out into an open position.


lexentry: eng/breakdown__Noun__1
written_rep: breakdown
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: singula
sense_list:
(uncountable) Detailed categorization, or itemization or listing, of the components of a thing; (countable) an instance of this.


lexentry: eng/breakup__Noun__1
written_rep: breakup
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: secessio
sense_list:
The act of breaking up; disintegration or division. | The termination of a friendship or a romantic relationship.


lexentry: eng/bream__Noun__1
written_rep: bream
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sparulus
sense_list:
A European fresh-water cyprinoid fish of the genus Abramis, little valued as food. Several species are known. | (British) A species in that genus, Abramis brama. | An American fresh-water fish, of various species of Lepomis and allied genera, which are also called sunfishes and pondfishes. | A marine sparoid fish of the genus Pagellus, and allied genera.


lexentry: eng/breast__Noun__1
written_rep: breast
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mamma | sūmen
sense_list:
(anatomy) Either of the two organs on the front of a female human's chest, which contain the mammary glands; also the analogous organs in males.


lexentry: eng/breastbone__Noun__1
written_rep: breastbone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sternum
sense_list:
(anatomy) The central narrow bone in the front of the chest, connecting the collarbone and the top ribs.


lexentry: eng/breaststroke__Noun__1
written_rep: breaststroke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mamma
sense_list:
A swimming stroke in which the swimmer lies face down, the arms being swept forward, outward and back under the water and the legs are kicked like a frog's


lexentry: eng/breathe__Verb__1
written_rep: breathe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: hālō | respīrō | spīrō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To draw air into (inhale), and expel air from (exhale), the lungs in order to extract oxygen and excrete waste gases.


lexentry: eng/breech__Noun__1
written_rep: breech
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: braca
sense_list:
(historical, now only, _, in the plural, or, attributive) A garment whose purpose is to cover or clothe the buttocks. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/breed__Verb__1
written_rep: breed
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: pariō
sense_list:
(obsolete, intransitive) To be formed in the parent or dam; to be generated or to grow, like young before birth.


lexentry: eng/breeding-ground__Noun__1
written_rep: breeding-ground
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: sēminārium
sense_list:
(figuratively) A place or institution seen as creating large numbers of a stated thing, type of person, etc.


lexentry: eng/breve__Noun__1
written_rep: breve
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: signum correptionis
sense_list:
(orthography, printing) A semicircular diacritical mark (˘) placed above a vowel, commonly used to mark its quantity as short.


lexentry: eng/brew__Verb__1
written_rep: brew
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apparo
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To make tea or coffee by mixing tea leaves or coffee beans with hot water.


lexentry: eng/bribe__Verb__1
written_rep: bribe
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: corrumpere
sense_list:
(transitive) To give a bribe to; specifically, to ask a person to do something against their original will, in exchange for some type of reward or relief from potential trouble. | (transitive) To gain by a bribe; to induce as by a bribe.


lexentry: eng/bribery__Noun__1
written_rep: bribery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: largitio
sense_list:
The act of giving an illegal payment (a bribe) to a person in an official position as a means of influencing their decisions.


lexentry: eng/brick_and_mortar__Adjective__1
written_rep: brick and mortar
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: physicalis
sense_list:
(business) Buildings and property for the conduct of business, particularly in the sale of retail goods to the general public. (Used to contrast an Internet-based sales operation that lacks customer-oriented store fronts and a "traditional" one for which most capital investment might be in the building infrastructure.) [from mid-1990s]


lexentry: eng/bride_price__Noun__1
written_rep: bride price
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dos
sense_list:
In some cultures, a sum of money or other valuables paid by a bridegroom or on his behalf to the family of the bride.


lexentry: eng/bridge__Noun__1
written_rep: bridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pons
sense_list:
(dentistry) A prosthesis replacing one or several adjacent teeth. | (anatomy) The upper bony ridge of the human nose. | (nautical) An elevated platform above the upper deck of a mechanically propelled ship from which it is navigated and from which all activities on deck can be seen and controlled by the captain, etc; smaller ships have a wheelhouse, and sailing ships were controlled from a quarterdeck. | (music, lutherie) The piece, on string instruments, that supports the strings from the sounding board. | (graph theory) An edge which, if removed, changes a connected graph to one that is not connected. | (computing) A device which connects two or more computer buses, typically in a transparent manner.


lexentry: eng/brig__Noun__1
written_rep: brig
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: carcer
sense_list:
(US) A jail or guardhouse, especially in a naval military prison or jail on a ship, navy base, or (in fiction) spacecraft.


lexentry: eng/brine__Noun__1
written_rep: brine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: muria
sense_list:
Salt water; water saturated or strongly impregnated with salt; a salt-and-water solution for pickling.


lexentry: eng/bring_in__Verb__1
written_rep: bring in
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: intrōdūcō
sense_list:
To introduce, add or initiate a person or group of people to an organisation; to give (someone) a share or portion of something.


lexentry: eng/bring_on__Verb__1
written_rep: bring on
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: porto
sense_list:
(idiomatic, transitive, usually "bring it on") To make something appear, as on a stage or a place of competition.


lexentry: eng/bring_on__Verb__1
written_rep: bring on
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: do
sense_list:
(idiomatic, intransitive, US, informal, often, as imperative) To pose a challenge or threat; to attack; to compete aggressively.


lexentry: eng/brink__Noun__1
written_rep: brink
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ultimum
sense_list:
The edge, margin, or border of a steep place, as of a precipice; a bank or edge. | (figurative) The edge or border.


lexentry: eng/brisket__Noun__1
written_rep: brisket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mamma
sense_list:
The chest of an animal. | A cut of meat taken from the chest, especially from the section under the first five ribs.


lexentry: eng/bristletail__Noun__1
written_rep: bristletail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lepisma
sense_list:
Any of various small, active six-legged arthropods that have two or three bristles at the ends of their abdomens and that do not have wings. These were formerly classified together in the insect subclass Apterygota or the order Thysanura but are no longer considered closely related:


lexentry: eng/bro__Noun__1
written_rep: bro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: frater
sense_list:
(slang) Brother (a male sibling). | (slang, derogatory, usually in compounds) Someone, usually male, who aggressively evangelizes a person, concept or technology.


lexentry: eng/broach__Verb__1
written_rep: broach
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aperire
sense_list:
(transitive) To make a hole in, especially a cask of liquor, and put in a tap in order to draw the liquid. | (transitive, figuratively) To begin discussion about (something).


lexentry: eng/broadleaf__Adjective__1
written_rep: broadleaf
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: folium
sense_list:
Pertaining to trees with relatively broad, flat leaves as opposed to needles, or woodlands made up of such trees.


lexentry: eng/broadside__Noun__1
written_rep: broadside
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: costa
sense_list:
(nautical) One side of a ship above the water line; all the guns on one side of a warship; their simultaneous firing.


lexentry: eng/broadsword__Noun__1
written_rep: broadsword
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spatha
sense_list:
(history) A type of early modern sword that has a broad double-edged blade for cutting (as opposed to the more slender thrust-oriented rapier) and typically a basket hilt.


lexentry: eng/broccoli__Noun__1
written_rep: broccoli
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Brassica oleracea
sense_list:
A plant, Brassica oleracea var. italica, of the cabbage family, Brassicaceae; especially, the tree-shaped flower and stalk that are eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/broken__Adjective__1
written_rep: broken
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: frāctus | ruptus
sense_list:
(of sleep) Interrupted; not continuous. | Fragmented; in separate pieces. | (of a, promise, etc) Breached; violated; not kept. | (colloquial, US, of a, situation) Not having gone in the way intended; saddening. | Non-functional; not functioning properly.


lexentry: eng/bromine__Noun__1
written_rep: bromine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brōmium | bromium
sense_list:
(uncountable) A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Br) with an atomic number of 35; one of the halogens, it is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature.


lexentry: eng/bronchitis__Noun__1
written_rep: bronchitis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bronchitis
sense_list:
(uncountable) An inflammation of the bronchi of the lungs, that causes the cilia of the bronchial epithelial cells to stop functioning.


lexentry: eng/bronze__Noun__1
written_rep: bronze
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aes | pyrōpus
sense_list:
(uncountable) A naturally occurring or man-made alloy of copper, usually in combination with tin, but also with one or more other metals.


lexentry: eng/brooch__Noun__1
written_rep: brooch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fībula
sense_list:
A piece of ornamental jewellery having a pin allowing it to be fixed to garments worn on the upper body.


lexentry: eng/brood__Noun__1
written_rep: brood
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: congeries
sense_list:
The young of certain animals, especially a group of young birds or fowl hatched at one time by the same mother. | (uncountable) The young of any egg-laying creature, especially if produced at the same time.


lexentry: eng/brood__Verb__1
written_rep: brood
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: incubare
sense_list:
(transitive) To keep an egg warm to make it hatch. | (intransitive) (typically with over, on or about) To dwell upon moodily and at length, mainly alone.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
written_rep: broom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rūscum | scōpa | ēverriculum
sense_list:
(countable) A domestic utensil with fibers bound together at the end of a long handle, used for sweeping.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
written_rep: broom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: argilāx | genista | rūscum | scōpa | ēverriculum
sense_list:
Any of several yellow-flowered shrubs of the family Fabaceae, with long, stiff, thin branches and small or few leaves used for the domestic utensil.


lexentry: eng/brother-german__Noun__1
written_rep: brother-german
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: germanus | unigenus
sense_list:
(archaic) A full brother: a brother born to the same mother and father, as distinguished from half brothers (uterine brothers), step-brothers, or 'brothers' established through relationships such as wardship.


lexentry: eng/brother__Noun__1
written_rep: brother
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: frater
sense_list:
A male having at least one parent in common with another (see half-brother, stepbrother). | A male fellow member of a religious community, church, trades union etc.


lexentry: eng/brown_trout__Noun__1
written_rep: brown trout
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tructa
sense_list:
A nonmigratory freshwater trout of species Salmo trutta, with dark spotted skin, native to Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/browse__Verb__1
written_rep: browse
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: tondeō
sense_list:
(intransitive, of an animal) To move about while eating parts of plants, especially plants other than pasture, such as shrubs or trees.


lexentry: eng/bruise__Noun__1
written_rep: bruise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: contusio | līvor | sūgillātiō
sense_list:
A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.


lexentry: eng/bruiser__Noun__1
written_rep: bruiser
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: animal
sense_list:
(sports) In contact sports, an athlete whose size, strength, and/or aggressiveness make it likely that they will cause athletes on the opposing team to suffer physical punishment.


lexentry: eng/brunch__Noun__1
written_rep: brunch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prandium
sense_list:
A meal eaten later in the day than breakfast and earlier than lunch, and often consisting of typical foods from both of those meals.


lexentry: eng/brush__Noun__1
written_rep: brush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pēnicillum | peniculus
sense_list:
An implement consisting of multiple more or less flexible bristles or other filaments attached to a handle, used for any of various purposes including cleaning, painting, and arranging hair.


lexentry: eng/brute__Adjective__1
written_rep: brute
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: brutus
sense_list:
Characteristic of unthinking animals; senseless, unreasoning (of humans). [from 16th c.] | Crude, unpolished. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/brute__Adjective__1
written_rep: brute
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: crudus
sense_list:
Unconnected with intelligence or thought; purely material, senseless. [from 16th c.] | Strong, blunt, and spontaneous; being purely physical in nature. | Brutal; cruel; fierce; ferocious; savage; pitiless, without intelligence or reason.


lexentry: eng/brute__Noun__1
written_rep: brute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brutus
sense_list:
(archaic) An animal seen as being without human reason; a senseless beast. [from 17th c.] | A person with the characteristics of an unthinking animal; a coarse or brutal person, particularly one who is dim-witted. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/bryophyte__Noun__1
written_rep: bryophyte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: muscus
sense_list:
(botany) Any plant of the division Bryophyta, defined sensu lato to comprise the mosses, liverworts and hornworts and corresponding to all embryophytes that are not vascular plants.


lexentry: eng/bubble__Noun__1
written_rep: bubble
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bulla
sense_list:
A spherically contained volume of air or other gas, especially one made from soapy liquid. | A small spherical cavity in a solid material. | (by extension) Anything resembling a hollow sphere. | (economics) A period of intense speculation in a market, causing prices to rise quickly to irrational levels as the metaphorical bubble expands, and then fall even more quickly as the bubble bursts.


lexentry: eng/bubble__Verb__1
written_rep: bubble
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bulliō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To produce bubbles, to rise up in bubbles (such as in foods cooking or liquids boiling).


lexentry: eng/bubblegum__Noun__1
written_rep: bubblegum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: masticatorium
sense_list:
(usually, _, uncountable) A sweet chewing gum formulated to be stretchy so the chewer can blow bubbles with it.


lexentry: eng/bubonic_plague__Noun__1
written_rep: bubonic plague
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pestis bubonica
sense_list:
(disease) A contagious, often fatal, epidemic disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, transmitted by the bite of fleas from an infected person or rodent, especially a rat, and characterized by delirium, chills, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and the formation of buboes.


lexentry: eng/buccal__Adjective__1
written_rep: buccal
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: buccalis
sense_list:
(pharmacology) Administered in the mouth, not by swallowing but by absorption through the skin of the cheek; often by placing between the top gum and the inside of the lip.


lexentry: eng/buccaneer__Noun__1
written_rep: buccaneer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pirata
sense_list:
(nautical) Any of a group of seamen who cruised on their own account on the Spanish Main and in the Pacific in the 17th century, who were similar to pirates but did not prey on ships of their own nation. | A pirate.


lexentry: eng/buck__Noun__1
written_rep: buck
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: camox
sense_list:
A male deer, antelope, sheep, goat, rabbit, hare, and sometimes the male of other animals such as the hamster, ferret, shad and kangaroo.


lexentry: eng/buckbean__Noun__1
written_rep: buckbean
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Menyanthes trifoliata
sense_list:
A plant of species Menyanthes trifoliata, with racemes of white or reddish flowers and intensely bitter leaves, sometimes used in medicine.


lexentry: eng/bucket__Noun__1
written_rep: bucket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: situla | hama
sense_list:
The amount held in this container. | Part of a piece of machinery that resembles a bucket (container).


lexentry: eng/buckle__Noun__1
written_rep: buckle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: buccula
sense_list:
A metal clasp with a hinged tongue or a spike through which a belt or strap is passed and penetrated by the tongue or spike, in order to fasten the ends of the belt together or to secure the strap to something else.


lexentry: eng/buckler__Noun__1
written_rep: buckler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: scutum
sense_list:
(obsolete) A shield resembling the Roman scutum. In modern usage, a smaller variety of shield is usually implied by this term.


lexentry: eng/buckshot__Noun__1
written_rep: buckshot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grando
sense_list:
(chiefly, US) Lead shot used in shotgun cartridges, made of larger pellets than birdshot and suitable for hunting larger game. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/budge__Verb__1
written_rep: budge
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: movere
sense_list:
(intransitive) To move; to be shifted from a fixed position. | (transitive) To move; to shift from a fixed position.


lexentry: eng/budgerigar__Noun__1
written_rep: budgerigar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Melopsittacus undulatus
sense_list:
A species of small green parakeet, Melopsittacus undulatus, native to inland Australia; a common cagebird throughout the world and bred in many colour varieties.


lexentry: eng/buffalo__Noun__1
written_rep: buffalo
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: būbalus | ūrus
sense_list:
An animal from the subtribe Bubalina, also known as true buffalos, such as the Cape buffalo, Syncerus caffer, or the water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis.


lexentry: eng/buffer__Noun__2
written_rep: buffer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: conditorium intermedium | memoria intermedia
sense_list:
(telecommunications) A routine or storage medium used to compensate for a difference in rate of flow of data, or time of occurrence of events, when transferring data from one device to another.


lexentry: eng/bug__Noun__1
written_rep: bug
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cīmex
sense_list:
(entomology) An insect of the order Hemiptera (the “true bugs”). | (gambling, slang) A metal clip attached to the underside of a table, etc. to hold hidden cards, as a form of cheating.


lexentry: eng/bugle__Noun__1
written_rep: bugle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bucina
sense_list:
(brass instrument) A simple brass instrument consisting of a horn with no valves, playing only pitches in its harmonic series


lexentry: eng/bugle__Noun__3
written_rep: bugle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: būgillō
sense_list:
A plant in the family Lamiaceae grown as a ground cover Ajuga reptans, and other plants in the genus Ajuga.


lexentry: eng/build_castles_in_the_air__Verb__1
written_rep: build castles in the air
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aedificare castra in Hispania
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic) To have any desire, idea, or plan that is unlikely to be realized; to imagine visionary projects or schemes; to have an idle fancy or a pipe dream; to daydream.


lexentry: eng/building_block__Noun__1
written_rep: building block
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cubus
sense_list:
A block made of wood or plastic that is used as a children's toy and can be stacked or joined to form a larger structure.


lexentry: eng/building_site__Noun__1
written_rep: building site
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: constructio
sense_list:
(construction) The site, the place where a building is located, is currently under construction, or shall be constructed (including structures other than buildings).


lexentry: eng/bulb__Noun__1
written_rep: bulb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bulbus
sense_list:
The bulb-shaped underground portion of a plant such as a tulip, consisting of a shortened stem and many fleshy scale leaves, from which the rest of the plant may be regrown.


lexentry: eng/bulge__Noun__1
written_rep: bulge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: protuberantia
sense_list:
An object which is sticking out from a surface; a swelling, protuberant part; a bending outward, especially when caused by pressure.


lexentry: eng/bulimia__Noun__1
written_rep: bulimia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bulimia
sense_list:
(pathology) A chronic eating disorder characterized by a binge-and-purge cycle: extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting.


lexentry: eng/bull__Noun__1
written_rep: bull
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: taurus
sense_list:
A large, strong man. | (finance) An investor who buys (commodities or securities) in anticipation of a rise in prices.


lexentry: eng/bulldog__Noun__1
written_rep: bulldog
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: molossus | Molossus
sense_list:
A breed of dog developed in England by the crossing of the bullbaiting dog and the Pug to produce a ladies' companion dog, having a very smooth coat, a flattened face, wrinkly cheeks, powerful front legs, and smaller hind legs.


lexentry: eng/bullet__Noun__1
written_rep: bullet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: glans
sense_list:
A projectile, usually of metal, shot from a gun at high speed. | (informal) An entire round of unfired ammunition for a firearm, including the projectile, the cartridge casing, the propellant charge, etc. | (figuratively) Anything that is projected extremely fast.


lexentry: eng/bulletin__Noun__1
written_rep: bulletin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: tonus
sense_list:
A time-sensitive news item or short news report. | A short printed publication, especially one produced regularly by an organization.


lexentry: eng/bullion__Noun__1
written_rep: bullion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: later
sense_list:
A bulk quantity of precious metal, usually gold or silver, assessed by weight and typically cast as ingots.


lexentry: eng/bullroarer__Noun__1
written_rep: bullroarer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rhombus
sense_list:
A ritual musical instrument and means of communicating over extended distances, consisting of a slat of wood tied to the end of a thong or string, with which the slat is whirled so as to cause an intermittent roaring noise.


lexentry: eng/bullshit__Noun__1
written_rep: bullshit
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: muscerdae
sense_list:
(vulgar, slang, usual sense) Statements that are false or exaggerated to impress or cheat the listener.


lexentry: eng/bullshitter__Noun__1
written_rep: bullshitter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mendaciloquus
sense_list:
(vulgar) Someone who lies or exaggerates a lot, especially in order to preserve or enhance their reputation.


lexentry: eng/bully__Noun__1
written_rep: bully
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: grassātor
sense_list:
A person who is intentionally physically or emotionally cruel to others, especially to those whom they perceive as being vulnerable or of less power or privilege. [from late 17th c.] | A hired thug.


lexentry: eng/bulrush__Noun__1
written_rep: bulrush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: scirpus
sense_list:
(AU) Any of various reed-like plants growing near water, especially Typha domingensis and Typha orientalis; cumbungi, wonga. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/bum__Noun__2
written_rep: bum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: errō | planus
sense_list:
(colloquial, sometimes, derogatory) A homeless person, usually a man. | (colloquial, sometimes, derogatory) A lazy, incompetent, or annoying person, usually a man. | (colloquial, sports) A player or racer who often performs poorly. | (colloquial) A drinking spree.


lexentry: eng/bum_wine__Noun__1
written_rep: bum wine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: colostra
sense_list:
(colloquial, pejorative) A cheap wine of very low quality, sold solely for the purposes of intoxication.


lexentry: eng/bump_and_grind__Noun__1
written_rep: bump and grind
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cordax
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A sexually suggestive dance involving exaggerated hip movements, especially a striptease dance.


lexentry: eng/bunch__Noun__1
written_rep: bunch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: racēmus
sense_list:
A group of similar things, either growing together, or in a cluster or clump, usually fastened together. | A protuberance; a hunch; a knob or lump; a hump.


lexentry: eng/bungalow__Noun__1
written_rep: bungalow
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: domus Bengalica
sense_list:
A thatched or tiled one-story house in India surrounded by a wide veranda; a similar house in this style.


lexentry: eng/bunion__Noun__1
written_rep: bunion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bulbus
sense_list:
(pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin.


lexentry: eng/buoy__Noun__1
written_rep: buoy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: attollo
sense_list:
(nautical) A float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, indicate a navigational channel or for other purposes


lexentry: eng/burden__Verb__1
written_rep: burden
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: gravō
sense_list:
(transitive) To impose, as a load or burden; to lay or place as a burden (something heavy or objectionable).


lexentry: eng/burden_of_proof__Noun__1
written_rep: burden of proof
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: onus probandi
sense_list:
(legal) The duty of a party in a legal proceeding to prove an assertion of fact; it includes both the burden of production and the burden of persuasion; the onus probandi.


lexentry: eng/bureau__Noun__1
written_rep: bureau
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: magistratus
sense_list:
An administrative unit of government; office. | An office (room where clerical or professional duties are performed).


lexentry: eng/bureau__Noun__1
written_rep: bureau
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: mensa
sense_list:
(chiefly, British) A desk, usually with a cover and compartments that are located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath, and often used for storing papers.


lexentry: eng/burglary__Noun__1
written_rep: burglary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: compīlātiō | effractura
sense_list:
(law) Under the common law, breaking and entering of the dwelling of another at night with the intent to commit a felony. | The crime of unlawfully breaking into a vehicle, house, store, or other enclosure with the intent to steal.


lexentry: eng/burgomaster__Noun__1
written_rep: burgomaster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: burgimagister
sense_list:
The mayor, or head magistrate, of a town in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and certain other countries.


lexentry: eng/burgrave__Noun__1
written_rep: burgrave
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: borchgravius
sense_list:
(historical) The military governor of a town or castle in the Middle Ages, especially in German-speaking Europe; a nobleman of the same status. | One who holds a hereditary title, with an associated domain, descended from an ancestor who commanded a burg, especially in German-speaking Europe.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
written_rep: burn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 11
trans_list: cremō | incendō | ūrō
sense_list:
(chemistry, transitive) To cause to combine with oxygen or other active agent, with evolution of heat; to consume; to oxidize.


lexentry: eng/burning_bush__Noun__1
written_rep: burning bush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: rubus ardens
sense_list:
(Judaism, Christianity) A biblical object described in Exodus 3:1-22, used by Yahweh to communicate with Moses.


lexentry: eng/burnish__Verb__1
written_rep: burnish
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tergeō
sense_list:
To make (something, such as a surface) bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; to polish, to shine.


lexentry: eng/burnt_offering__Noun__1
written_rep: burnt offering
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: holocaustum
sense_list:
(biblical) A slaughtered animal offered and burnt on an altar as an atonement for sin. | (religion, by extension) Any similar sacrifice to a deity or deities, or to a deceased person.


lexentry: eng/buro__Noun__1
written_rep: buro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: mensa
sense_list:
a desk, usually with a cover and compartments for storing papers etc. located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath.


lexentry: eng/burr__Noun__1
written_rep: burr
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 10
trans_list: arcion
sense_list:
(engineering) A revolving disk or cone with abrasive surfaces used to grind hard products in a grinder or mill.


lexentry: eng/bursa__Noun__1
written_rep: bursa
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bursa synovialis
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the many small fluid-filled sacs located at the point where a muscle or tendon slides across bone. These sacs serve to reduce friction between the two moving surfaces.


lexentry: eng/burst__Verb__1
written_rep: burst
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dīrumpō
sense_list:
(transitive) To cause to break from internal pressure. | (transitive, obsolete) To cause to break by any means.


lexentry: eng/bush__Noun__1
written_rep: bush
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: frutex | dūmus
sense_list:
(horticulture) A woody plant distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, being usually less than six metres tall; a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category.


lexentry: eng/busk__Verb__1
written_rep: busk
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aeruscō
sense_list:
(intransitive, especially, UK) To solicit money by entertaining the public in the street or in public transport.


lexentry: eng/busker__Noun__1
written_rep: busker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aeruscātor
sense_list:
A person who solicits donations while entertaining the public, often by playing a musical instrument, on a street or in another public area such as a park or marketplace.


lexentry: eng/buskin__Noun__1
written_rep: buskin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: cothurnus
sense_list:
(historical) A type of soft calf- or knee-high boot that laces up the front, sometimes featuring open toes or thick soles, worn in the Greco-Roman world by hunters and horsemen, as well as by actors in Athenian tragedy.


lexentry: eng/bust__Verb__1
written_rep: bust
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: dirumpo
sense_list:
(transitive, slang) To catch (someone) in the act of doing something wrong, socially and morally inappropriate, or illegal, especially when being done in a sneaky or secretive state. | (transitive, slang) To break in (a woman or girl), to deflower | (intransitive, vulgar, slang) To ejaculate; to eject semen or to squirt.


lexentry: eng/bustard__Noun__1
written_rep: bustard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: otis
sense_list:
Any of several large terrestrial birds of the family Otididae in the order Otidiformes that inhabit dry open country and steppes in the Old World.


lexentry: eng/buster__Noun__1
written_rep: buster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: hirudo
sense_list:
(chiefly, colloquial, with 'of') Someone who or something that 'breaks', tames, or overpowers a specified person or thing.


lexentry: eng/buster__Noun__1
written_rep: buster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: aetas
sense_list:
(colloquial, variously expressing familiarity, admiration, or hostility) A form of address, particularly of men: guy, dude, fella, mack, buddy, loser. (Originally as 'old buster.)


lexentry: eng/but__Conjunction__1
written_rep: but
part_of_speech: conjunction
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sed | licet | quamvis | ut
sense_list:
However, although, nevertheless, on the other hand (introducing a clause contrary to prior belief or in contrast with the preceding clause or sentence). | (obsolete) Except with; unless with; without.


lexentry: eng/butane__Noun__1
written_rep: butane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: butanum
sense_list:
(organic compound) A hydrocarbon (either of the two isomers of C4H10, n-butane and 2-methylpropane) found in gaseous petroleum fractions.


lexentry: eng/butler__Noun__1
written_rep: butler
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prōmus
sense_list:
The chief male servant of a household who has charge of other employees, receives guests, directs the serving of meals, and performs various personal services.


lexentry: eng/butter_one's_bread_on_both_sides__Verb__1
written_rep: butter one's bread on both sides
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: in uno saltu duos apros capere
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To profit from two things at the same time, especially when those things seem contradictory or incompatible.


lexentry: eng/butterfly__Noun__1
written_rep: butterfly
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pāpiliō | papilio
sense_list:
A flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, distinguished from moths by their diurnal activity and generally brighter colouring. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/butterfly_stroke__Noun__1
written_rep: butterfly stroke
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: papiliunculus
sense_list:
A swimming stroke in which the body is prone, the arms are moved in simultaneous circles, and the feet are kicked up and down.


lexentry: eng/buttermilk__Noun__1
written_rep: buttermilk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: oxygala
sense_list:
The liquid left over after producing butter from full cream milk by the churning process, also called traditional buttermilk.


lexentry: eng/buttock__Noun__1
written_rep: buttock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: natis | clūnis
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) Each of the two large fleshy halves of the posterior part of the body between the base of the back, the perineum, and the top of the legs.


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
written_rep: button
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bulla
sense_list:
(clothing) A knob or disc that is passed through a loop or (buttonhole), serving as a fastener. [from mid-13th c.] | A mechanical device designed to be pressed with a finger in order to open or close an electric circuit or to activate a mechanism.


lexentry: eng/buttonhole__Noun__1
written_rep: buttonhole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aedes
sense_list:
A hole through which a button is pushed to secure a garment or some part of one. | (attributive) So shaped that it can be worn on a buttonhole or it is similar to a buttonhole. | (chiefly, British) A flower worn in a buttonhole for decoration.


lexentry: eng/butyric_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: butyric acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acidum butyricum
sense_list:
(fatty acid) Either of the two isomeric carboxylic acids, normal butyric acid and isobutyric acid, with the chemical formula C3H7COOH, occurring in animal milk fat.


lexentry: eng/buy__Verb__1
written_rep: buy
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: emō | sūmō
sense_list:
(transitive, archaic) To suffer consequences for (something) through being deprived of something; to pay for (something one has done).


lexentry: eng/buy_into__Verb__1
written_rep: buy into
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ambulo
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To believe (something, especially something implausible); to accept (a craze, fad, or notion) as valid.


lexentry: eng/buzz__Verb__1
written_rep: buzz
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bombiō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a low, continuous, humming or sibilant sound, like that made by bees with their wings.


lexentry: eng/by__Preposition__1
written_rep: by
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ab | a
sense_list:
Not later than (the given time); not later than the end of (the given time interval). | Indicates the creator of a work: Existing through the authorship etc. of.


lexentry: eng/by_a_long_shot__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: by a long shot
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: large
sense_list:
(idiomatic, dated, usually, with a negative) By a wide margin; indicates a very big difference or disparity.


lexentry: eng/by_any_chance__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: by any chance
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: casu
sense_list:
Used to ask a question more politely | Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see by,‎ any,‎ chance.


lexentry: eng/by_right__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: by right
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: legaliter
sense_list:
According to what is right, or what one is legally or morally entitled to; justly, properly, rightfully.


lexentry: eng/by_the_way__Prepositional_phrase__1
written_rep: by the way
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cēterum
sense_list:
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Incidentally; used in referencing a parenthetical statement not timely, central, or crucial to the topic at hand; foregone, passed by, something that has already happened.


lexentry: eng/by_virtue_of__Preposition__1
written_rep: by virtue of
part_of_speech: preposition
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: causa
sense_list:
(idiomatic) (originally) By the authority or power of; (now) because of; on the grounds of; by reason of.


lexentry: eng/by_way_of__Phrase__1
written_rep: by way of
part_of_speech: phraseologicalUnit
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: via
sense_list:
By the route of. | For the purpose of; as a means of; as an instance of; as a type or form of. | (UK, often followed by being) Possessing the characteristics, nature, or standing of; in the state or condition of.


lexentry: eng/bycoket__Noun__1
written_rep: bycoket
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abacot
sense_list:
(historical) A type of medieval cap with a wide brim that comes to a point in the front and is turned up at the rear, originally worn by Western European nobility and royalty.


lexentry: eng/byname__Noun__1
written_rep: byname
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cognomen
sense_list:
(archaic, historical) A secondary name for a person or thing; a person's surname. | (archaic, historical) A nickname.


lexentry: eng/bypass__Noun__1
written_rep: bypass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: exorbitatio
sense_list:
A replacement road for obsolete road that is no longer in use because devastating natural disasters (earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides). | A section of pipe that conducts a fluid around some other fixture.


lexentry: eng/bypass__Noun__1
written_rep: bypass
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: pons
sense_list:
(medicine) An alternative passage created to divert a bodily fluid around a damaged organ; the surgical procedure to construct such a bypass.


lexentry: eng/bystander__Noun__1
written_rep: bystander
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spectator
sense_list:
A person who, although present at some event, does not take part in it; an observer, witness, or spectator.


lexentry: eng/byte__Noun__1
written_rep: byte
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: octetus
sense_list:
(computing) A short sequence of bits (binary digits) that can be operated on as a unit by a computer; the smallest usable machine word. | (computing, most commonly) A unit of computing storage equal to eight bits, which can represent any of 256 distinct values.


lexentry: eng/byword__Noun__1
written_rep: byword
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: incarnatio
sense_list:
Someone or something that stands as an example (i.e. metonymically) for something else, by having some of that something's characteristic traits.


lexentry: eng/bête_noire__Noun__1
written_rep: bête noire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aper
sense_list:
Someone or something that is unbearable and so particularly avoided or disliked; the bane of someone's existence; an object of aversion; an anathema.


lexentry: eng/cabaret__Noun__1
written_rep: cabaret
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cabaret
sense_list:
Live entertainment held in a restaurant or nightclub; the genre of music associated with this form of entertainment, especially in early 20th century Europe.


lexentry: eng/cabbage__Noun__1
written_rep: cabbage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brassica
sense_list:
(by extension) Any of various cultivars of the species Brassica oleracea. | (uncountable, vegetable) The leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/cabin__Noun__1
written_rep: cabin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: casa
sense_list:
(US) A small dwelling characteristic of the frontier, especially when built from logs with simple tools and not constructed by professional builders, but by those who meant to live in it.


lexentry: eng/cabin_boy__Noun__1
written_rep: cabin boy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: spuma
sense_list:
(dated) A boy or young man who is employed to serve as an attendant for passengers or crew members on a ship.


lexentry: eng/cabinet__Noun__1
written_rep: cabinet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: rei publicae
sense_list:
(politics, often, capitalized) In parliamentary and some other systems of government, the group of ministers responsible for creating government policy and for overseeing the departments comprising the executive branch.


lexentry: eng/cache__Noun__1
written_rep: cache
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: abscondō
sense_list:
(computing) A fast temporary storage where recently or frequently used information is stored to avoid having to reload it from a slower storage medium. | (geocaching) A container containing treasure in a global treasure-hunt game.


lexentry: eng/cactus__Noun__1
written_rep: cactus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cactus
sense_list:
(botany) Any member of the family Cactaceae, a family of flowering New World succulent plants suited to a hot, semi-desert climate.


lexentry: eng/cadaver__Noun__1
written_rep: cadaver
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cadaver
sense_list:
(literary, medicine) A dead body; especially the corpse of a human to be dissected. [from late 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/caddie__Noun__1
written_rep: caddie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: prætor
sense_list:
(by extension, golf, also, attributively) A person hired to assist a golfer by carrying their golf clubs and providing advice.


lexentry: eng/cadence__Noun__1
written_rep: cadence
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: rhythmus
sense_list:
(music) A progression of at least two chords which conclude a piece of music, section or musical phrases within it. Sometimes referred to analogously as musical punctuation. | (fencing) The rhythm and sequence of a series of actions. | (cycling) The number of revolutions per minute of the cranks or pedals of a bicycle.


lexentry: eng/caduceus__Noun__1
written_rep: caduceus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: caduceus
sense_list:
A symbol (☤) representing a staff with two snakes wrapped around it, used to indicate merchants and messengers. It is also sometimes incorrectly substituted for the rod of Asclepius as a symbol of medicine.


lexentry: eng/caecum__Noun__1
written_rep: caecum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caecum
sense_list:
(anatomy) A cavity open at one end (such as the blind end of a duct), especially a blind pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum and the colon.


lexentry: eng/caesium__Noun__1
written_rep: caesium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caesium
sense_list:
The chemical element (symbol Cs) with an atomic number of 55. It is a soft, gold-colored, highly reactive alkali metal.


lexentry: eng/cafeteria__Noun__1
written_rep: cafeteria
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cafeteria
sense_list:
(chiefly, US, Canada) A restaurant in which customers select their food at a counter then carry it on a tray to a table to eat.


lexentry: eng/caffeine__Noun__1
written_rep: caffeine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: coffēinum
sense_list:
An alkaloid, C8H10N4O2, found naturally in tea and coffee plants, which acts as a mild stimulant on the central nervous system. [from 1830]


lexentry: eng/café__Noun__1
written_rep: café
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caupona cafearia
sense_list:
A coffee shop; an establishment selling coffee and sometimes other non-alcoholic beverages, simple meals or snacks, with a facility to consume them on the premises.


lexentry: eng/café_au_lait__Noun__1
written_rep: café au lait
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cafea lactea
sense_list:
A mixture of coffee and hot milk. | Coffee and hot milk served in separate jugs as a breakfast drink.


lexentry: eng/cairn__Noun__1
written_rep: cairn
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Bos primigenius
sense_list:
A pile of stones heaped up as a landmark, to guide travelers on land or at sea, or to arrest attention, as in surveying, or in leaving traces of an exploring party, etc.


lexentry: eng/cake__Noun__1
written_rep: cake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: placenta | lībum | mustāceus
sense_list:
A rich, sweet dessert food, typically made of flour, sugar, and eggs and baked in an oven, and often covered in icing.


lexentry: eng/calamine__Noun__1
written_rep: calamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cadmia | calamina | calaminaris | lapis calaminaris
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) Synonym of smithsonite, a pink form of zinc oxide (mainly zinc carbonate ZnCO3) formed as a byproduct of zinc sublimation, now used in skin lotions.


lexentry: eng/calandra_lark__Noun__1
written_rep: calandra lark
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Melanocorypha calandra
sense_list:
Any bird in the genus Melanocorypha, but especially in the species Melanocorypha calandra of the Mediterranean region and central Asia.


lexentry: eng/calcine__Verb__1
written_rep: calcine
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calcinare
sense_list:
(physical chemistry) To heat (a substance) without melting in order to drive off water, etc., and to oxidize or reduce it; specifically, to decompose (carbonates) into oxides, and, especially, to heat (limestone) to form quicklime.


lexentry: eng/calcite__Noun__1
written_rep: calcite
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calx
sense_list:
(mineral) A very widely distributed crystalline form of calcium carbonate, CaCO3, found as limestone, chalk and marble.


lexentry: eng/calcium__Noun__1
written_rep: calcium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calcium
sense_list:
The chemical element (Symbol Ca), with an atomic number 20. It is a soft, silvery-white alkaline earth metal which occurs naturally as carbonate in limestone and as silicate in many rocks.


lexentry: eng/calcium_carbonate__Noun__1
written_rep: calcium carbonate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calcina
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A colourless or white inorganic compound, CaCO3, occurring as chalk, limestone, marble etc. Reacts with acids to liberate carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/calcium_hydroxide__Noun__1
written_rep: calcium hydroxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calx extincta
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A soft, white powder, Ca(OH)2, obtained by the action of water on calcium oxide; slaked lime.


lexentry: eng/calculate__Verb__1
written_rep: calculate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ratiocinor | calculo
sense_list:
(transitive, mathematics) To determine the value of something or the solution to something by a mathematical process. | To ascertain or predict by mathematical or astrological computations the time, circumstances, or other conditions of; to forecast or compute the character or consequences of.


lexentry: eng/calculation__Noun__1
written_rep: calculation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: calculātiō
sense_list:
(chess, uncountable) The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually moving the pieces.


lexentry: eng/calculator__Noun__1
written_rep: calculator
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: machinula calculatoria
sense_list:
A mechanical or electronic device that performs mathematical calculations; sometimes, an electronic one specifically.


lexentry: eng/calefactory__Noun__1
written_rep: calefactory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calefactorium
sense_list:
(architecture) The room or building in a monastery holding its communal fire, kept warm and used as a sitting room.


lexentry: eng/calendar__Noun__1
written_rep: calendar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: calendarium | fasti
sense_list:
A means to determine the date consisting of a document containing dates and other temporal information. | A list of planned events.


lexentry: eng/calendar_year__Noun__1
written_rep: calendar year
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: annus
sense_list:
The length of time between the beginning and end of a year as marked on a calendar, such as from 0:00 January 1 to 24:00 December 31 in the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/calender__Noun__1
written_rep: calender
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calendarium
sense_list:
Calender machine
 A machine, used for the purpose of giving cloth, paper etc., a smooth, even, and glossy or glazed surface, by cold or hot pressure, or for watering them and giving them a wavy appearance; it consists of two or more cylinders revolving nearly in contact, with the necessary apparatus for moving and regulating.


lexentry: eng/calf__Noun__1
written_rep: calf
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: vitellus
sense_list:
The young of various animals, especially elephant, giraffe, reindeer, seal, or whale (also indiscriminately used of other animals).


lexentry: eng/caliber__Noun__1
written_rep: caliber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: calibra
sense_list:
The diameter of round or cylindrical body, as of a bullet, a projectile, or a column. | Unit of measure used to express the length of the bore of a weapon. The number of calibres is determined by dividing the length of the bore of the weapon, from the breech face of the tube to the muzzle, by the diameter of its bore. A gun tube the bore of which is 40 feet (480 inches) long and 12 inches in diameter is said to be 40 calibers long.


lexentry: eng/californium__Noun__1
written_rep: californium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: californium
sense_list:
A strongly radioactive and highly fissile transuranic chemical element (symbol Cf) with an atomic number of 98.


lexentry: eng/call_to_arms__Noun__1
written_rep: call to arms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: vocatio ad arma
sense_list:
(figurative) An appeal to undertake a particular course of action or to support a specific cause; a call to action.


lexentry: eng/callback__Noun__1
written_rep: callback
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: obiurgatio
sense_list:
The return of a situation to a previous position or state; a reference to such a position or state. | A product recall because of a defect or safety concern.


lexentry: eng/callow__Adjective__1
written_rep: callow
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: viridis
sense_list:
(figurative) Lacking life experience; immature, inexperienced, naive; also, of or relating to something immature or inexperienced.


lexentry: eng/callus__Noun__1
written_rep: callus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: callum
sense_list:
A hardened area of the skin (especially on the foot or hand) caused by repeated friction, wear or use. | The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous in consistency, but is ultimately converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single piece.


lexentry: eng/calorie__Noun__1
written_rep: calorie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caloria
sense_list:
(nutrition) A non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to 4.184 kilojoules, that can raise the temperature of a kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. This is the unit normally used in food labeling. | (physical chemistry, physics) A non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to 4.184 joules, that can raise the temperature of a gram of water by one degree Celsius. This unit was formerly widely used in chemistry and physics.


lexentry: eng/caltrop__Noun__1
written_rep: caltrop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mūrex | tribulus
sense_list:
(weaponry) A metal object, usually small, with spikes arranged so that, when thrown onto the ground, one always faces up as a threat to pedestrians, horses, and vehicles (also used as a heraldic charge).


lexentry: eng/caltrop__Noun__1
written_rep: caltrop
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: tribulus
sense_list:
Any of a number of flowering plants in the family Zygophyllaceae, including several members of the genus Kallstroemia and the species Tribulus terrestris, native to warm temperate and tropical regions.


lexentry: eng/calx__Noun__1
written_rep: calx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cinis
sense_list:
(now, chiefly, historical) The substance which remains after a metal or mineral has been thoroughly burnt, once seen as being the essential substance left after the expulsion of phlogiston, but now recognised as being the metallic oxide (or, in some cases, the metal in a state of sublimation).


lexentry: eng/calyptra__Noun__1
written_rep: calyptra
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calyptra
sense_list:
(botany) In bryophytes, a thin hood of tissue that forms from the archegonium and covers the developing sporophyte and is shed as it ripens.


lexentry: eng/calyx__Noun__1
written_rep: calyx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calix
sense_list:
(botany) The outermost whorl of flower parts, comprising the sepals, which covers and protects the petals as they develop. | (zoology, anatomy) Any of various cup-like structures. | A chamber in the mammalian kidney through which urine passes.


lexentry: eng/cam__Noun__1
written_rep: cam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pecten
sense_list:
A turning or sliding piece which imparts motion to a rod, lever or block brought into sliding or rolling contact with it. | (UK, dialect) A ridge or mound of earth.


lexentry: eng/camber__Noun__1
written_rep: camber
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: casus
sense_list:
(automotive) The alignment on the roll axis of the wheels of a road vehicle, where positive camber signifies that the wheels are closer together at the bottom than the top.


lexentry: eng/cambium__Noun__1
written_rep: cambium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cambium
sense_list:
(botany) A layer of cells between the xylem and the phloem that is responsible for the secondary growth of roots and stems.


lexentry: eng/camomile_tea__Noun__1
written_rep: camomile tea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: camomilla
sense_list:
A beverage made by infusing the leaves of the camomile plant (either Matricaria recutita or Chamaemelum nobile) in hot water.


lexentry: eng/camp__Verb__1
written_rep: camp
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: vivo in castrum
sense_list:
(intransitive, obsolete) To fight; contend in battle or in any kind of contest; to strive with others in doing anything; compete.


lexentry: eng/camp_follower__Noun__1
written_rep: camp follower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lixa
sense_list:
(chiefly, historical) A civilian who follows an army, typically a family member of a soldier or someone who provides services to the soldiers, e.g. prostitution, sale of liquor, cooking and laundry.


lexentry: eng/campfire__Noun__1
written_rep: campfire
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bustum
sense_list:
A fire at a campground or on a camping trip, often used for cooking, to provide light and heat, to drive away bugs, and as a focal point for sitting around in the evening and talking, telling stories, and singing.


lexentry: eng/camphor__Noun__1
written_rep: camphor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: camphora
sense_list:
(organic compound) A white transparent waxy crystalline isoprenoid ketone, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, with a strong pungent odour, used in pharmacy, also known as laurel camphor or common/ordinary camphor.


lexentry: eng/can__Verb__1
written_rep: can
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 09
trans_list: possum
sense_list:
(Manglish, Singlish, intransitive) To be fine or acceptable; to be possible; (with liao or already) to be enough. Often used in conjunction with a variety of clause-final particles, e.g., lah, meh or one, to express different attitudes towards the subject matter.


lexentry: eng/can_of_worms__Noun__1
written_rep: can of worms
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cupa
sense_list:
(idiomatic) A complex, troublesome situation arising when a decision or action produces considerable subsequent problems.


lexentry: eng/canard__Noun__1
written_rep: canard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anas
sense_list:
A false or misleading report or story, especially if deliberately so. | (aviation) A type of aircraft in which the primary horizontal control and stabilization surfaces are in front of the main wing.


lexentry: eng/cancel_culture__Noun__1
written_rep: cancel culture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: damnatio memoriae
sense_list:
(neologism, often, derogatory) The cultural phenomenon of publicly shaming, rejecting, and ceasing to provide support to people, companies, stores, etc. that are deemed unacceptable, and calling on others to boycott them.


lexentry: eng/cancellation__Noun__1
written_rep: cancellation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abolicio
sense_list:
The act, process, or result of cancelling; as, the cancellation of certain words in a contract, or of the contract itself.


lexentry: eng/cancer__Noun__1
written_rep: cancer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cancer
sense_list:
(medicine, oncology, disease) A disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation.


lexentry: eng/candle__Noun__1
written_rep: candle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: candēla | candela
sense_list:
A light source consisting of a wick embedded in a solid, flammable substance such as wax, tallow, or paraffin.


lexentry: eng/cane__Noun__1
written_rep: cane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: canna
sense_list:
(uncountable) The slender, flexible main stem of a plant such as bamboo, including many species in the grass family Gramineae


lexentry: eng/canid__Noun__1
written_rep: canid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: canis
sense_list:
Any member of the family Canidae, including canines (dogs, wolves, coyotes and jackals) and vulpines (foxes).


lexentry: eng/canine__Noun__1
written_rep: canine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: canis
sense_list:
(formal) Any of certain extant canids regarded as similar to the dog or wolf (including coyotes, jackals, etc.) but distinguished from the vulpines, which are regarded as fox-like.


lexentry: eng/canister__Noun__1
written_rep: canister
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bombarda
sense_list:
Any of various cylindrical metal receptacles usually with a removable close-fitting top. | A projectile component containing colored or screening smoke or riot control agent composition.


lexentry: eng/canker__Noun__1
written_rep: canker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: lapis
sense_list:
An avian disease affecting doves, poultry, parrots and birds of prey, caused by Trichomonas gallinae.


lexentry: eng/cannibal__Noun__1
written_rep: cannibal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anthrōpophagus | canibalus
sense_list:
An organism which eats others of its own or similar species or kind, especially a human or other human-like creature such as a zombie who consumes human flesh.


lexentry: eng/cannon__Noun__1
written_rep: cannon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: pyrobolus | tormentum
sense_list:
(historical) A large muzzle-loading artillery piece. | (Chinese chess) A piece which moves horizontally and vertically like a rook but captures another piece by jumping over a different piece in the line of attack.


lexentry: eng/cannonball__Noun__1
written_rep: cannonball
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: bomba
sense_list:
(diving) The act of jumping (typically into a swimming pool) with the legs bent and the arms wrapped around the knees to create a large splash, mimicking the flight and shape of a cannonball.


lexentry: eng/canoe__Noun__1
written_rep: canoe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caudica
sense_list:
(watercraft) A small long and narrow boat, propelled by one or more people (depending on the size of canoe), using single-bladed paddles. The paddlers face in the direction of travel, in either a seated position, or kneeling on the bottom of the boat. Canoes are open on top, and pointed at both ends.


lexentry: eng/canonization__Noun__1
written_rep: canonization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: canonizatio
sense_list:
(Christianity) The final process or decree (following beatification) by which the name of a deceased person is placed in the catalogue (canon) of saints and commended to perpetual veneration and invocation.


lexentry: eng/cantaloupe__Noun__1
written_rep: cantaloupe
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pepo
sense_list:
Cucumis melo Cantalupensis Group, a cultivar group melon with sweet aromatic orange flesh, including two main types:


lexentry: eng/cantata__Noun__1
written_rep: cantata
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cantata
sense_list:
(music) A vocal composition accompanied by instruments and generally containing more than one movement, typical of 17th and 18th century Italian music.


lexentry: eng/canteen__Noun__1
written_rep: canteen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caupona castrensis
sense_list:
A small cafeteria or snack bar, especially one in a military establishment, school, or place of work.


lexentry: eng/canteen__Noun__1
written_rep: canteen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: laguncula
sense_list:
A water bottle, flask, or other vessel, typically used by a soldier or camper as a bottle for carrying water or liquor for drink.


lexentry: eng/canvas__Noun__1
written_rep: canvas
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tela
sense_list:
A type of coarse cloth, woven from hemp, useful for making sails and tents or as a surface for paintings. | A piece of canvas cloth stretched across a frame on which one may paint.


lexentry: eng/cap__Noun__1
written_rep: cap
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: caput
sense_list:
The top part of a mushroom. | (nautical) A collar of iron or wood used in joining spars, as the mast and the topmast, the bowsprit and the jib boom; also, a covering of tarred canvas at the end of a rope.


lexentry: eng/capable__Adjective__1
written_rep: capable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: potis
sense_list:
Able and efficient; having the ability needed for a specific task; having the disposition to do something; permitting or being susceptible to something.


lexentry: eng/capacitance__Noun__1
written_rep: capacitance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: amplitudo
sense_list:
(physics, uncountable) The property of an electric circuit or its element that permits it to store charge, defined as the ratio of stored charge to potential over that element or circuit (Q/V); SI unit: farad (F).


lexentry: eng/capacitor__Noun__1
written_rep: capacitor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: condensatrum
sense_list:
(electronics) An electronic component capable of storing electrical energy in an electric field; especially one consisting of two conductors separated by a dielectric.


lexentry: eng/cape__Noun__1
written_rep: cape
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: promontorium | promunturium
sense_list:
(geography) A piece or point of land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into a sea or lake; a promontory; a headland.


lexentry: eng/caper__Noun__3
written_rep: caper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: capparis
sense_list:
The pungent grayish green flower bud of the European and Oriental caper (Capparis spinosa), which is pickled and eaten.


lexentry: eng/capercaillie__Noun__1
written_rep: capercaillie
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tetrao
sense_list:
A large, black grouse of the genus Tetrao in the bird family Phasianidae, especially the western capercaillie, Tetrao urogallus.


lexentry: eng/capillary__Noun__1
written_rep: capillary
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adiantum
sense_list:
(anatomy) Any of the small blood vessels (from 5 to 10 micrometres/micrometers (μm) in diameter) that connect arteries to veins (They are the smallest blood vessels in the body: they convey blood between the arterioles and venules).


lexentry: eng/capital__Noun__1
written_rep: capital
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: archisolium
sense_list:
(uncountable, business, finance, insurance) Money and wealth. The means to acquire goods and services, especially in a non-barter system.


lexentry: eng/capital_city__Noun__1
written_rep: capital city
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: archisolium
sense_list:
A city (or cities) much larger or more important to a country than all others, regardless of the actual seat of government (cf., Moscow and Saint Petersburg regardless of moves of the Russian government; Amsterdam despite the Dutch government having been situated in The Hague since 1588).


lexentry: eng/capitalism__Noun__1
written_rep: capitalism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: capitālismus | capitalismus
sense_list:
(politics, economic liberalism) A socio-economic system based on private property rights, including the private ownership of resources or capital, with economic decisions made largely through the operation of a market unregulated by the state.


lexentry: eng/capitulate__Verb__1
written_rep: capitulate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vomito
sense_list:
(intransitive, originally only in military setting) To surrender on stipulated terms, end all resistance, give up, go along with or comply. [from the end of the 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/capitulation__Noun__1
written_rep: capitulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dēditiō
sense_list:
The act of capitulating or surrendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms; the act of ceasing to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand.


lexentry: eng/capotasto__Noun__1
written_rep: capotasto
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cilia
sense_list:
(music) A device, placed across the strings of a fretted instrument such as a guitar, to shorten the strings and thus allow upward transposition without altered fingering


lexentry: eng/caproic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: caproic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acidum capronicum
sense_list:
(fatty acid) A liquid fatty acid, CH3(CH2)4COOH, obtained from animal fats, and used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and flavours.


lexentry: eng/capsicum__Noun__1
written_rep: capsicum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Capsicum annuum
sense_list:
Any of various tropical American plants, of the genus Capsicum, principally the species Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens, that are cultivated as edible peppers.


lexentry: eng/capstan__Noun__1
written_rep: capstan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sucula
sense_list:
(especially, nautical) A vertical cylindrical machine that revolves on a spindle, typically surmounted by a drumhead with sockets for levers for turning it; used to apply force to cables, ropes, etc.


lexentry: eng/capsule__Noun__1
written_rep: capsule
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: theca
sense_list:
(botany) A type of simple, dehiscent, dry fruit (seed-case) produced by many species of flowering plants, such as poppy, lily, orchid, willow and cotton.


lexentry: eng/captain__Noun__1
written_rep: captain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: dux
sense_list:
The person lawfully in command of a ship or other vessel. | An army officer with a rank between the most senior grade of lieutenant and major. | A commissioned officer in the United States Navy, Coast Guard, NOAA Corps, or PHS Corps of a grade superior to a commander and junior to a rear admiral (lower half). A captain is equal in grade or rank to a United States Army, Marine Corps, or Air Force colonel. | One of the athletes on a sports team who is designated to make decisions, and is allowed to speak for his team with a referee or official.


lexentry: eng/caption__Noun__1
written_rep: caption
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: didascalicus
sense_list:
A title or brief explanation attached to an illustration, cartoon, user interface element, etc. | (cinematography, television) A piece of text appearing on screen as a subtitle or other part of a film or broadcast, describing dialogue (and sometimes other sound) for viewers who cannot hear.


lexentry: eng/captious__Adjective__1
written_rep: captious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: captiōsus
sense_list:
(obsolete) That captures; especially, (of an argument, words etc.) designed to capture or entrap in misleading arguments; sophistical.


lexentry: eng/captivate__Verb__1
written_rep: captivate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: detinere
sense_list:
(figuratively) To attract and hold (someone's) attention and interest; to charm, to entrance, to fascinate, to enchain.


lexentry: eng/capture__Noun__1
written_rep: capture
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: captūra
sense_list:
The securing of an object of strife or desire, as by the power of some attraction. | Something that has been captured; a captive.


lexentry: eng/car__Noun__1
written_rep: car
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: autoraeda | autocurrus | autocīnētum | autovehiculum
sense_list:
A wheeled vehicle that moves independently, with at least three wheels, powered mechanically, steered by a driver and mostly for personal transportation but relatively smaller than a truck/lorry and a bus.


lexentry: eng/carapace__Noun__1
written_rep: carapace
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chelyon
sense_list:
A hard protective covering of bone or chitin, especially one which covers the dorsal portion of an animal.


lexentry: eng/carat__Noun__1
written_rep: carat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carratus
sense_list:
A metric unit of mass equal to exactly 200 mg, chiefly used for measuring precious stones and pearls. | (historical) Any of several small units of mass used for measuring precious stones and pearls, equivalent to 189–212 mg. | A 24-point scale used to measure the purity of gold.


lexentry: eng/caravan__Noun__1
written_rep: caravan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caravana
sense_list:
A convoy or procession of travellers, their cargo and vehicles, and any pack animals, especially camels crossing a desert.


lexentry: eng/carbon__Noun__1
written_rep: carbon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carbonium
sense_list:
(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material.


lexentry: eng/carbon_dioxide__Noun__1
written_rep: carbon dioxide
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dioxydum carbonicum
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) The normal oxide of carbon, CO₂; a colorless, odorless gas formed during respiration and combustion and consumed by plants during photosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/carbonated__Adjective__1
written_rep: carbonated
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carbonicus
sense_list:
Containing carbon dioxide gas under pressure, especially pertaining to beverages, as natural mineral water or man-made drinks.


lexentry: eng/carbonated_water__Noun__1
written_rep: carbonated water
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Suaeda
sense_list:
(idiomatic) Water that contains carbon dioxide dissolved in it under pressure and is intended for drinking.


lexentry: eng/carbonic_acid__Noun__1
written_rep: carbonic acid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: acidum carbonicum
sense_list:
(inorganic compound) A weak unstable acid, H2CO3, known only in solution, and as carbonate salts; it is present in carbonated drinks, and sparkling wine, but decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water.


lexentry: eng/carbuncle__Noun__1
written_rep: carbuncle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carbunculus
sense_list:
(archaic) A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon. | (pathology) An abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin. It is usually caused by staphylococcal infection.


lexentry: eng/carcinoma__Noun__1
written_rep: carcinoma
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carcinōma
sense_list:
(countable) An invasive malignant tumour derived from epithelial tissue that tends to metastasize to other areas of the body.


lexentry: eng/cardamom__Noun__1
written_rep: cardamom
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Elettaria cardamomum
sense_list:
An herb, native to India (Elettaria cardamomum. | (uncommon, inexact) , seeds or seed capsules of Aframomum melegueta, of East Africa.


lexentry: eng/cardiac__Adjective__1
written_rep: cardiac
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cardiacus
sense_list:
(biology, medicine) Pertaining to the heart. | (biology, medicine) Pertaining to the cardia of the stomach; cardial (cardial is the usual adjective in this sense).


lexentry: eng/cardiac_arrest__Noun__1
written_rep: cardiac arrest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cessatio circulationis
sense_list:
(cardiology, pathology) The sudden and complete cessation of the heartbeat resulting in the loss of effective circulation of the blood.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
written_rep: cardinal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cardinālis | cardinalis
sense_list:
(Roman Catholic) One of the officials appointed by the pope in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking only below the pope, equal to the patriarchs, constituting the special college which elects the pope.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
written_rep: cardinal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: cardinalis
sense_list:
Any of various species of New-World passerine songbird in the genus Cardinalis, or in the family Cardinalidae more generally, or of similar appearance and once considered to be related to the former; so called because of their red plumage. (See Wikipedia article for taxonomical information.)


lexentry: eng/cardoon__Noun__1
written_rep: cardoon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cactus
sense_list:
Any of species Cynara cardunculus of prickly perennial plants which has leaf stalks eaten as a vegetable, related to the artichoke.


lexentry: eng/care__Noun__1
written_rep: care
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: cūra | cūrātiō | cūrātūra
sense_list:
(uncountable) The treatment of those in need (especially as a profession). | (uncountable) The state of being cared for by others.


lexentry: eng/care__Verb__1
written_rep: care
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cūrō | pertineor
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To be concerned (about), to have an interest (in); to feel concern (about).


lexentry: eng/care_for__Verb__1
written_rep: care for
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: alere
sense_list:
(transitive, chiefly in the negative) To like or appreciate; to consider to be appealing, tasteful, or suitable.


lexentry: eng/careen__Verb__1
written_rep: careen
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: occido
sense_list:
(nautical, transitive) To heave a ship down on one side so as to expose the other, in order to clean it of barnacles and weed, or to repair it below the water line. | (nautical, intransitive) To tilt on one side.


lexentry: eng/career__Noun__1
written_rep: career
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: curricŭlum
sense_list:
One’s calling in life; one's working occupation or profession, especially when pursued seriously and/or over a long period of time.


lexentry: eng/careless__Adjective__1
written_rep: careless
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: neglegēns | indīligēns
sense_list:
Not giving sufficient attention or thought, especially concerning the avoidance of harm or mistakes. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/carer__Noun__1
written_rep: carer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patrona
sense_list:
(chiefly, UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) Someone who regularly looks after another person, either as a job or often through family responsibilities.


lexentry: eng/caretaker__Noun__1
written_rep: caretaker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: patrona
sense_list:
Someone who takes care of a place or thing; someone looking after a place, or responsible for keeping it in good repair.


lexentry: eng/cargo_hold__Noun__1
written_rep: cargo hold
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caverna navigii
sense_list:
(nautical) A hold on a ship (including the forehold and stern hold), used to store cargo during a voyage.


lexentry: eng/caritive_case__Noun__1
written_rep: caritive case
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: casus caritivus
sense_list:
(grammatical case) A case used to express the lack or absence of something. It has the meaning of the English preposition "without." The caritive case is found in some Caucasian languages.


lexentry: eng/carnassial__Noun__1
written_rep: carnassial
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dens
sense_list:
One of the teeth used by a carnivore for shearing flesh, being the last upper premolar and the first lower molar.


lexentry: eng/carnation__Noun__1
written_rep: carnation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dianthus
sense_list:
(botany) A type of Eurasian plant widely cultivated for its flowers. | The type of flower they bear, originally flesh-coloured, but since hybridizing found in a variety of colours.


lexentry: eng/carnival__Noun__1
written_rep: carnival
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carnelevarium
sense_list:
Any of a number of festivals held just before the beginning of Lent. | A festive occasion marked by parades and sometimes special foods and other entertainment.


lexentry: eng/carnivore__Noun__1
written_rep: carnivore
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carnivora
sense_list:
An organism that feeds chiefly on animals; an animal that feeds on meat as the main part of its diet.


lexentry: eng/carnyx__Noun__1
written_rep: carnyx
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carnyx
sense_list:
(brass instrument, historical) A bronze wind instrument used by Iron Age Celts (c. 200 B.C.E. – 200 C.E.) as a type of battle trumpet; held vertically when played, it was shaped like an elongated S with a mouthpiece at the lower end and a bell (often resembling an animal with an open mouth) at the upper end.


lexentry: eng/carotene__Noun__1
written_rep: carotene
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carotinum
sense_list:
(organic chemistry) A class of tetraterpene plant pigments; they vary in colour from yellow, through orange to red, this colour originating in a chain of alternating single and double bonds.


lexentry: eng/carotid__Noun__1
written_rep: carotid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caroticus
sense_list:
(anatomy) Either of the two main arteries that supply blood to the head of which the left in humans arises from the arch of the aorta and the right by bifurcation of the brachiocephalic artery with each passing up the side of the neck and dividing opposite the upper border of the thyroid cartilage into an external branch supplying the face, tongue, and external parts of the head and an internal branch supplying the brain, eye, and other internal parts of the head.


lexentry: eng/carp__Noun__1
written_rep: carp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carpa
sense_list:
Any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae; specifically the common carp, Cyprinus carpio.


lexentry: eng/carpel__Noun__1
written_rep: carpel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pistillum
sense_list:
(botany) A constituent part of a flower pistil: the female reproductive organs in a flower. A carpel is composed of an ovary, a style, and a stigma, although some flowers have carpels without a distinct style. In origin, carpels are leaves (megasporophylls) that have evolved to enclose the ovules. A pistil may be composed of a single carpel or of several carpels fused together.


lexentry: eng/carpenter__Noun__1
written_rep: carpenter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lignārius
sense_list:
A person skilled at carpentry, the trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures. | (nautical) A senior rating in ships responsible for all the woodwork onboard; in the days of sail, a warrant officer responsible for the hull, masts, spars and boats of a ship, and whose responsibility was to sound the well to see if the ship was making water. | (zoology) A carpenter bee.


lexentry: eng/carriage__Noun__1
written_rep: carriage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: carpentum | raeda | carrūca
sense_list:
A (mostly four-wheeled) lighter vehicle chiefly designed to transport people, generally drawn by horse power.


lexentry: eng/carrier_pigeon__Noun__1
written_rep: carrier pigeon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: columba epistularia
sense_list:
A domestic pigeon which transports attached messages or very small parcels from the place where it is released to a familiar destination.


lexentry: eng/carrot__Noun__1
written_rep: carrot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carōta | daucum | carota
sense_list:
A vegetable with a nutritious, juicy, sweet root that is often orange in colour, Daucus carota, family Apiaceae, especially the subspecies sativus.


lexentry: eng/carry_on__Verb__2
written_rep: carry on
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: continuo
sense_list:
(idiomatic, transitive, intransitive) To take baggage or luggage onto an airplane, rather than check it.


lexentry: eng/carry_oneself__Verb__1
written_rep: carry oneself
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: porto
sense_list:
(idiomatic) To behave, especially with respect to how one's speech, body language, facial expressions, and grooming convey one's opinion concerning oneself.


lexentry: eng/cart__Noun__1
written_rep: cart
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: plaustrum | iumentum
sense_list:
A small, open, wheeled vehicle, drawn or pushed by a person or animal, often with two wheels on one axle, more often used for transporting goods than passengers.


lexentry: eng/cartilage__Noun__1
written_rep: cartilage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cartilāgō | cartilago
sense_list:
(skeleton, uncountable) A usually translucent and somewhat elastic, dense, nonvascular connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints. It composes most of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos, being replaced by bone during ossification in the higher vertebrates.


lexentry: eng/cartography__Noun__1
written_rep: cartography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cartographia
sense_list:
(uncountable) The creation of charts and maps based on the layout of a territory's geography. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cartridge__Noun__1
written_rep: cartridge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: cucullus
sense_list:
(computing) A vessel which contains the ink or toner for a computer printer and can be easily replaced with another.


lexentry: eng/cartwheel__Noun__1
written_rep: cartwheel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Myriostoma
sense_list:
A gymnastic maneuver whereby the gymnast rotates to one side or the other while keeping arms and legs outstretched, spinning for one or more revolutions.


lexentry: eng/carucate__Noun__1
written_rep: carucate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carucata
sense_list:
(historical) The notional area of land able to be farmed in a year by a team of 8 oxen pulling a carruca plow, usually reckoned at 120 acres.


lexentry: eng/carve__Verb__1
written_rep: carve
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: sculpō
sense_list:
To shape to sculptural effect; to produce (a work) by cutting, or to cut (a material) into a finished work, especially with cuts that are curved rather than only straight slices.


lexentry: eng/carving_fork__Noun__1
written_rep: carving fork
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: creagra
sense_list:
A fork with a long handle and two or three whetted flat tines, used in the process of serving meat, sausage, cheese or similar with care.


lexentry: eng/caryatid__Noun__1
written_rep: caryatid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caryatis
sense_list:
A sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head.


lexentry: eng/cash_desk__Noun__1
written_rep: cash desk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arca
sense_list:
A place in a restaurant, bar, or shop etc, typically containing a cash register, where a customer can pay the bill.


lexentry: eng/cash_register__Noun__1
written_rep: cash register
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arca
sense_list:
A machine that tabulates the amount of sales transactions, makes a permanent and cumulative record of them, and has a drawer in which cash can be kept.


lexentry: eng/cashew__Noun__1
written_rep: cashew
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cassuvium
sense_list:
A tree, Anacardium occidentale, native to northeastern Brazil, now widely grown in tropical climates for its cashew nuts and cashew apples.


lexentry: eng/cask__Noun__1
written_rep: cask
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dōlium
sense_list:
A large barrel for the storage of liquid, especially of alcoholic drinks. (See a diagram of cask sizes.)


lexentry: eng/cassava__Noun__1
written_rep: cassava
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mandioca
sense_list:
Manioc (Manihot esculenta), a tropical plant which is the source of tapioca. | The root of this plant.


lexentry: eng/casserole__Noun__1
written_rep: casserole
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: olla
sense_list:
(countable) A dish of glass or earthenware, with a lid, in which food is baked and sometimes served. | Food, such as a stew, cooked in such a dish.


lexentry: eng/cassette__Noun__1
written_rep: cassette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: capsella
sense_list:
A small flat case containing magnetic tape on two reels, used to record and play back audio and video material.


lexentry: eng/castanet__Noun__1
written_rep: castanet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: crotalum
sense_list:
(musical instruments, chiefly, in the plural) A single handheld percussion instrument consisting of a pair of concave shells or shell-shaped parts joined on one edge by string.


lexentry: eng/caster__Noun__1
written_rep: caster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: rota
sense_list:
(automotive) The angle of the axis around which a car's front wheels rotate when the steering wheel is turned, with a vertical axis being defined as zero caster.


lexentry: eng/castle__Noun__1
written_rep: castle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: castellum | castrum
sense_list:
A large residential building or compound that is fortified and contains many defences; in previous ages often inhabited by a nobleman or king. Also, a house or mansion with some of the architectural features of medieval castles.


lexentry: eng/castling__Noun__2
written_rep: castling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: adrochatio
sense_list:
(chess) A move in which the king moves two squares towards a rook, and the rook moves to the other side of the king; the action of the verb to castle.


lexentry: eng/castoreum__Noun__1
written_rep: castoreum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: castoreum
sense_list:
The bitter exudate of the castor sacs of mature beavers, used as a scent mark, and as a tincture in some perfumes.


lexentry: eng/castration__Noun__1
written_rep: castration
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: castratio
sense_list:
(surgery) The act of removing the testicles. | (figuratively) Any act that removes power from a person (particularly a man) or entity.


lexentry: eng/castrato__Noun__1
written_rep: castrato
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: castratus
sense_list:
A male who has been castrated, especially a male whose testicles have been removed before puberty in order to retain his boyish voice. | A male soprano or alto voice produced by castration of the treble singer before puberty, intended to conserve his voice; the singer.


lexentry: eng/casualty__Noun__1
written_rep: casualty
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: victima
sense_list:
(military) A person in military service who becomes unavailable for duty, for any reason (notably death, injury, illness, capture, or desertion).


lexentry: eng/casuistry__Noun__1
written_rep: casuistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: doctrina casuistica
sense_list:
The process of answering practical questions via interpretation of rules, or of cases that illustrate such rules, especially in ethics; case-based reasoning.


lexentry: eng/cat__Noun__1
written_rep: cat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cattus | feles | catta | fēlēs | felis
sense_list:
A carnivorous, four-legged, generally furry domesticated species (Felis catus) of feline animal, commonly kept as a house pet. [from 8th c.]


lexentry: eng/cat__Noun__1
written_rep: cat
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: feles | felis
sense_list:
(countable, by extension) Chiefly with a descriptive word: an animal not of the family Felidae which (somewhat) resembles a domestic feline (sense 1.1.1). | Any similar, chiefly non-domesticated, animal of the family Felidae, which includes bobcats, caracals, cheetahs, cougars, leopards, lions, lynxes, tigers, and other such species. | (countable) An animal of the family Felidae.


lexentry: eng/cat_thyme__Noun__1
written_rep: cat thyme
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: marum
sense_list:
A low-growing herb, Teucrium marum, related to germander, which has a pungent scent that causes sneezing, but is attractive to cats.


lexentry: eng/catacomb__Noun__1
written_rep: catacomb
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: catacumba
sense_list:
(often plural) An underground system of tunnels and chambers with recesses for graves, used (in former times) as a cemetery; a tunnel system used for burying the dead, as in Paris or Ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/catalepsy__Noun__1
written_rep: catalepsy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: catalepsis | catalepsia
sense_list:
(pathology) A severe bodily condition, described in psychiatric pathology, marked by sudden rigidity, fixation of posture, and loss of contact with environmental conditions.


lexentry: eng/catalogue__Noun__1
written_rep: catalogue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: catalogus
sense_list:
A list of all the publications in a library; a library catalogue. | A systematic list of books, names, pictures, etc. | (music) A complete list of a recording artist's or a composer's songs.


lexentry: eng/catalogue__Noun__1
written_rep: catalogue
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: programma
sense_list:
(US) A book printed periodically by a college, university, or other institution that gives a definitive description of the institution, its history, courses and degrees offered, etc.


lexentry: eng/cataphract__Noun__1
written_rep: cataphract
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cataphractes
sense_list:
(military, historical) Defensive armour covering the entire body of a soldier and often the soldier's horse as well, especially the linked mail or scale armour of some eastern nations.


lexentry: eng/catatonia__Noun__1
written_rep: catatonia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: catatonia
sense_list:
A severe psychiatric condition, often associated with schizophrenia, characterized by a tendency to remain in a rigid state of stupor for long periods which give way to short periods of extreme agitation.


lexentry: eng/catch__Verb__1
written_rep: catch
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nanciscor
sense_list:
(transitive) To entrap or trip up a person; to deceive. [from 14thc.] | (intransitive) To engage with some mechanism; to stick, to succeed in interacting with something or initiating some process. | (transitive, surfing) To contact a wave in such a way that one can ride it back to shore.


lexentry: eng/catchment__Noun__1
written_rep: catchment
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pelvis
sense_list:
(often, attributive) Any structure or land feature which catches and holds water; the collection of such water.


lexentry: eng/catecholamine__Noun__1
written_rep: catecholamine
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: catecholamina
sense_list:
(biochemistry) Any of a class of aromatic amines derived from pyrocatechol that are hormones produced by the adrenal gland.


lexentry: eng/catechumen__Noun__1
written_rep: catechumen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: catēchūmena | catēchūmenus
sense_list:
A convert to Christianity under instruction before baptism; a young or recent Christian preparing for confirmation.


lexentry: eng/categorical_product__Noun__1
written_rep: categorical product
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: productus
sense_list:
(mathematics) The limit of two (or more) objects, considered without regard to any arrows between them.


lexentry: eng/category__Noun__1
written_rep: category
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: categoria
sense_list:
A group, often named or numbered, to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria. | (mathematics) A collection of objects, together with a transitively closed collection of composable arrows between them, such that every object has an identity arrow, and such that arrow composition is associative.


lexentry: eng/caterpillar_track__Noun__1
written_rep: caterpillar track
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: eruca
sense_list:
A generic trademark name for a continuous track in the form of a steel or rubber belt fitted around the wheels of crawlers, bulldozers, excavators, loaders, backhoes, tanks and similar off-road vehicles in such a manner as to spread the load on the ground surface and thereby improve traction and reduce sinking into soft surfaces.


lexentry: eng/cathead__Noun__1
written_rep: cathead
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caudex
sense_list:
A heavy piece of timber projecting somewhat horizontally from each side of the bow of a ship on which an anchor is raised or lowered, and secured when not used, from its stock end.


lexentry: eng/cathetus__Noun__1
written_rep: cathetus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cathetus
sense_list:
(geometry) A line perpendicular to a surface (or line); in particular, either of the sides of a right triangle other than its hypotenuse.


lexentry: eng/cathode__Noun__1
written_rep: cathode
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Cathodus
sense_list:
(electricity) An electrode, of a cell or other electrically polarized device, through which a positive current of electricity flows outwards (and thus, electrons flow inwards). It can have either a negative or a positive voltage with respect to anode of the same polarized device (depending on whether the device is a load or a source, respectively).


lexentry: eng/catkin__Noun__1
written_rep: catkin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iulus
sense_list:
(botany) A type of inflorescence, consisting of an axis with many unisexual apetalous flowers along its sides, as in the willow and poplar.


lexentry: eng/catnip__Noun__1
written_rep: catnip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nepeta
sense_list:
Any of the about 250 species of flowering plant of the genus Nepeta, family Lamiaceae, certain of which are said to have medicinal qualities.


lexentry: eng/cattail__Noun__1
written_rep: cattail
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: buda | ulva
sense_list:
(US, historically, Yorkshire, Lincolnshire) Any of several perennial herbs, of the genus Typha, that have long flat leaves, and grow in marshy places.


lexentry: eng/catty__Adjective__1
written_rep: catty
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: iratus
sense_list:
(informal, of a person or remark) With subtle hostility in an effort to hurt, annoy, or upset, particularly among women. | (informal) Resembling or characteristic of a cat.


lexentry: eng/caudate_nucleus__Noun__1
written_rep: caudate nucleus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: nucleus caudatus
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) a nucleus within each hemisphere of the brain, sitting astride the thalamus and located near the center of the brain.


lexentry: eng/cauliflower__Noun__1
written_rep: cauliflower
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: brassica oleracea | brassica oleracea var. botrytis
sense_list:
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, an annual variety of cabbage, of which the cluster of young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable. | The edible head or curd of a cauliflower plant.


lexentry: eng/cause__Noun__1
written_rep: cause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: causa | ratiō
sense_list:
(countable, often with of, typically of adverse results) The source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result.


lexentry: eng/causeway__Noun__1
written_rep: causeway
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pavimentum
sense_list:
A road that is raised so as to be above water, marshland, and similar low-lying obstacles, which in some cases may flood periodically (e.g. due to tides). Originally causeways were much like dykes, generally pierced to let water through, whereas many modern causeways are more like bridges or viaducts.


lexentry: eng/caution__Noun__1
written_rep: caution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cautēla
sense_list:
Prudence when faced with, or when expecting to face, danger; care taken in order to avoid risk or harm.


lexentry: eng/caution__Noun__1
written_rep: caution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: cautela | cautiō
sense_list:
A careful attention to the probable effects of an act, in order that failure or harm may be avoided.


lexentry: eng/cavalier__Adjective__1
written_rep: cavalier
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: eques
sense_list:
Lacking the proper care or concern for something important, reckless, rash, high-handed. | Supercilious.


lexentry: eng/cavalier__Noun__1
written_rep: cavalier
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: eques
sense_list:
(historical) A military man serving on horse, (chiefly) early modern cavalry officers who had abandoned the heavy armor of medieval knights. | (historical) A gallant: a sprightly young dashing military man.


lexentry: eng/cavalry__Noun__1
written_rep: cavalry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: equitātus | equitatus
sense_list:
(military, usually, _, historical, uncountable) The military arm of service that fights while riding horses.


lexentry: eng/cedar__Noun__1
written_rep: cedar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cedrus
sense_list:
(countable) A coniferous tree of the genus Cedrus in the family Pinaceae. | (uncountable) The aromatic wood from a Cedrus tree, or from any of several not closely related trees.


lexentry: eng/celebrate__Verb__1
written_rep: celebrate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: celebrō | faciō
sense_list:
(transitive) To honour by rites, by ceremonies of joy and respect, or by refraining from ordinary business; to observe duly.


lexentry: eng/celebrate__Verb__1
written_rep: celebrate
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: celebrare
sense_list:
(transitive, or, intransitive) To engage in joyful activity in appreciation of an event. | (transitive) To perform or participate in, as a sacrament or solemn rite; to perform with appropriate rites.


lexentry: eng/celebrity__Noun__1
written_rep: celebrity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: celebritas
sense_list:
(uncountable, uncommon outside high registers) Fame, renown; the state of being famous or talked-about. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/celeriac__Noun__1
written_rep: celeriac
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apium
sense_list:
A form of celery, Apium graveolens, having an aromatic taproot eaten as a vegetable. [from mid 18th century]


lexentry: eng/celery__Noun__1
written_rep: celery
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apium
sense_list:
A European herb (Apium graveolens) of the carrot family. | (uncountable, vegetable) The stalks of this herb eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/celestial__Adjective__1
written_rep: celestial
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caelestis
sense_list:
of or related to Heaven and the divine. | Relating to the sky or outer space, regarded as the realm of the sun, moon, planets, and stars.


lexentry: eng/celestial_body__Noun__1
written_rep: celestial body
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: corpus caeleste
sense_list:
(astronomy, astrology) A natural object which is located outside of Earth's atmosphere, such as a comet, an asteroid, the Moon, a planet, the Sun, or a star.


lexentry: eng/celibacy__Noun__1
written_rep: celibacy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caelibatus
sense_list:
Abstaining from marriage; the state of being unmarried. | (by extension) Abstinence from sexual relations.


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
written_rep: cell
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: cellula
sense_list:
(biology, now, chiefly, botany) Any of various chambers in a tissue or organism having specific functions. [from 14th c.] | (biology) The basic unit of a living organism, consisting of a quantity of protoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane, which is able to synthesize proteins and replicate itself. [from 19th c.] | A small group of people forming part of a larger organization, often an outlawed one. [from 20th c.] | (communication) A region of radio reception that is a part of a larger radio network.


lexentry: eng/cell_wall__Noun__1
written_rep: cell wall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cytodermis
sense_list:
(cytology) A thick, fairly rigid, layer formed around individual cells of bacteria, Archaea, fungi, plants, and algae (but not animals and other protists which generally have cell membranes without cell walls). The cell wall is external to the cell membrane and serves a structural function helping the cell maintain its shape and protecting the cell from damage.


lexentry: eng/cellar__Noun__1
written_rep: cellar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cella
sense_list:
An enclosed underground space, often under a building, used for storage or shelter. | (slang) Last place in a league or competition; some rank near last place.


lexentry: eng/cello__Noun__1
written_rep: cello
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: violoncellum
sense_list:
A large unfretted stringed instrument of the violin family with four strings tuned (lowest to highest) C-G-D-A and an endpin to support its weight, usually played with a bow.


lexentry: eng/cement__Noun__1
written_rep: cement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: ferrūmen | caementum
sense_list:
(uncountable) The paste-like substance resulting from mixing such a powder with water, or the rock-like substance that forms when it dries.


lexentry: eng/cement__Noun__1
written_rep: cement
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ferrumen
sense_list:
(uncountable) Any material with strong adhesive and cohesive properties such as binding agents, glues, grout.


lexentry: eng/cenotaph__Noun__1
written_rep: cenotaph
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cenotaphium
sense_list:
A monument, generally in the form of an empty tomb, erected to honour the dead whose bodies lie elsewhere, especially members of the armed forces who died in battle.


lexentry: eng/censor__Noun__1
written_rep: censor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cēnsor
sense_list:
(Ancient Rome, historical) One of the two magistrates who originally administered the census of citizens, and by Classical times (between the 8th century B.C.E. and the 6th century C.E.) was a high judge of public behaviour and morality.


lexentry: eng/censorship__Noun__1
written_rep: censorship
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cēnsūra | literarum censura
sense_list:
The use of state or group power to control freedom of expression or press, such as passing laws to prevent undesirable media from being published or propagated.


lexentry: eng/census__Noun__1
written_rep: census
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: census
sense_list:
(cellular automata) A count of the number of individual patterns within a larger pattern, most often the ash of a soup or a methuselah.


lexentry: eng/cent__Noun__1
written_rep: cent
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: centum
sense_list:
(money) A subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries. Symbol: ¢. | (money) A coin having face value of one cent (in either of the above senses).


lexentry: eng/centaur__Noun__1
written_rep: centaur
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: centaurus
sense_list:
(Greek mythology) A mythical beast having a horse's body with a man's head and torso in place of the head and neck of the horse.


lexentry: eng/centenary__Adjective__1
written_rep: centenary
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: centenarius
sense_list:
(historical, obsolete) Of or relating to hundreds, the administrative unit. | Of or related to the number one hundred, particularly [c. 1451]


lexentry: eng/center__Noun__1
written_rep: center
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: centrum | medium
sense_list:
(geometry) The point in the interior of any figure of any number of dimensions that has as its coordinates the arithmetic mean of the coordinates of all points on the perimeter of the figure (or of all points in the interior for a center of volume).


lexentry: eng/center__Noun__1
written_rep: center
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: centrum
sense_list:
A place, especially a building or complex, set aside for some specified function or activity. | (engineering) A conical recess or indentation in the end of a shaft or other work, to receive the point of a center, on which the work can turn, as in a lathe.


lexentry: eng/centipede__Noun__1
written_rep: centipede
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: centipeda | scolopendra
sense_list:
Any arthropod of class Chilopoda, which have a segmented body with one pair of legs per segment and from about 20 to 300 legs in total.


lexentry: eng/central_government__Noun__1
written_rep: central government
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dives
sense_list:
The national government of a country such as India and unitary state, in contrast to the lower local government.


lexentry: eng/central_nervous_system__Noun__1
written_rep: central nervous system
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: systema nervosum centrale
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) In vertebrates, that part of the nervous system comprising the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord.


lexentry: eng/centreboard__Noun__1
written_rep: centreboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gladius
sense_list:
(British spelling, nautical) The adjustable keel on a small yacht or dinghy that acts, among other things, as ballast and to counteract the sideways force of the wind.


lexentry: eng/centrifuge__Noun__1
written_rep: centrifuge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: centrifugium
sense_list:
By extension, any device which rotates in order to produce artificial gravity (in the form of centrifugal force)


lexentry: eng/century__Noun__1
written_rep: century
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: saeculum | centennium
sense_list:
A period of one hundred consecutive years; often specifically a numbered period with conventional start and end dates, e.g., the twentieth century, which stretches from (strictly) 1901 through 2000, or (informally) 1900 through 1999. The first century AD was from 1 to 100.


lexentry: eng/century__Noun__1
written_rep: century
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: centuria
sense_list:
A unit in ancient Roman army, originally of one hundred army soldiers as part of a cohort, later of more varied sizes (but typically containing sixty to seventy or eighty) soldiers or other men (guards, police, firemen), commanded by a centurion. | A political division of ancient Rome, meeting in the Centuriate Assembly.


lexentry: eng/ceramic__Adjective__1
written_rep: ceramic
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fictile
sense_list:
Made of material produced by the high-temperature firing of inorganic, nonmetallic rocks and minerals.


lexentry: eng/ceramic__Noun__1
written_rep: ceramic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fictile
sense_list:
(uncountable) A hard, brittle, inorganic, nonmetallic material, usually made from a material, such as clay, then firing it at a high temperature.


lexentry: eng/cerebellum__Noun__1
written_rep: cerebellum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cerebellum
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) Part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. In humans it lies between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum and is formed of two lateral lobes and a median lobe. It plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance and posture.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_aqueduct__Noun__1
written_rep: cerebral aqueduct
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: aquaeductus mesencephali
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) The channel in the brain which connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle. It is surrounded by the periaqueductal gray.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_cortex__Noun__1
written_rep: cerebral cortex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cortex cerebri
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) The grey, folded, outermost layer of the cerebrum that is responsible for higher brain processes such as sensation, voluntary muscle movement, thought, reasoning, and memory.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_palsy__Noun__1
written_rep: cerebral palsy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: paralysis cerebralis
sense_list:
(neurology, pathology) A group of non-progressive, non-contagious conditions, caused by brain damage before birth or during infancy, characterized by impairment of muscular coordination.


lexentry: eng/cerebrospinal_fluid__Noun__1
written_rep: cerebrospinal fluid
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: liquor cerebrospinalis
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) A bodily fluid filling the third ventricle and surrounding the interthalamic adhesion.


lexentry: eng/cerebrovascular_accident__Noun__1
written_rep: cerebrovascular accident
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: apoplexia
sense_list:
(medicine, formal, sometimes, euphemistic) Stroke (loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted).


lexentry: eng/cerebrum__Noun__1
written_rep: cerebrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: telencephalon | cerebrum
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) The principal and most anterior part of the brain in vertebrates, which is located in the front area of the skull and divided into two hemispheres, left and right, separated by a fissure. In humans it is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for the integration of complex sensory functions and the initiation and coordination of voluntary activity, and the higher mental functions such as consciousness, thought, reason, emotion, and memory.


lexentry: eng/ceremonious__Adjective__1
written_rep: ceremonious
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: solemnis
sense_list:
According to the required or usual ceremonies, formalities, or rituals; specifically (Christianity, obsolete) , to ceremonial laws in the Bible.


lexentry: eng/cerium__Noun__1
written_rep: cerium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cerium
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Ce) with an atomic number of 58, a very soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/certain__Adjective__1
written_rep: certain
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: quīdam
sense_list:
(euphemism, preceded by "a") Used to denote that the speaker is referring to a specific person or thing that they do not want to name directly, implying that the listener should infer the identity of the referent.


lexentry: eng/certifiable__Adjective__1
written_rep: certifiable
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: delirus
sense_list:
(informal, of a person) Mentally ill to such an extent that involuntary institutionalization is appropriate; crazy.


lexentry: eng/cervical_cancer__Noun__1
written_rep: cervical cancer
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carcinoma cervicis uteri
sense_list:
(pathology, oncology) A type of cancer of the cervix of the uterus which can afflict some female mammals including humans. The term usually does not refer to cancer of the neck or other parts of the anatomy which use the term cervix.


lexentry: eng/cervix__Noun__1
written_rep: cervix
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: cervix uteri
sense_list:
(now, specifically) The cervix uteri, or lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina.


lexentry: eng/chaffinch__Noun__1
written_rep: chaffinch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Fringilla coelebs
sense_list:
A small passerine bird, Fringilla coelebs, of the finch family, found throughout Europe and eastward to Iran and eastern Mediterranean coastlands.


lexentry: eng/chaga__Noun__1
written_rep: chaga
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: Inonotus obliquus
sense_list:
The irregular conk of this fungus, used in East European folk medicine to treat a number of conditions.


lexentry: eng/chagrin__Noun__1
written_rep: chagrin
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: deceptio
sense_list:
Distress of mind caused by a failure of aims or plans, want of appreciation, mistakes etc; vexation or mortification.


lexentry: eng/chain__Noun__1
written_rep: chain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: catena
sense_list:
A series of stores or businesses with the same brand name. | (algebraic topology, originally) A formal sum of cells in a CW complex of a certain dimension k (in which case the formal sums are called k-chains); a formal sum of simplices or cubes of a certain dimension in a simplical complex or cubical complex (respectively).


lexentry: eng/chainring__Noun__1
written_rep: chainring
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: corona
sense_list:
The large forward ring on a bicycle that a chain attaches to, in order to transfer energy to a wheel. It consists of one or more sprockets that are driven by the cranks and pedals of the bicycle.


lexentry: eng/chair__Noun__1
written_rep: chair
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sella | cathedra | solium | sedīle | sēdēs
sense_list:
An item of furniture used to sit on or in, comprising a seat, legs or wheels, back, and sometimes arm rests, for use by one person.


lexentry: eng/chairman__Noun__1
written_rep: chairman
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: praesidens
sense_list:
A person presiding over a meeting. | The head of a corporate or governmental board of directors, a committee, or other formal entity.


lexentry: eng/chalet__Noun__1
written_rep: chalet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tugurium
sense_list:
An alpine style of wooden building with a sloping roof and overhanging eaves. [from late 18th c.] | (Singapore) A recreational lodge or small house within the grounds of a resort or country club dedicated to the uniformed services, used for events, staycations and other social gatherings.


lexentry: eng/challenge__Noun__1
written_rep: challenge
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: prōvocātiō
sense_list:
(legal, rare) A judge's interest in the result of a case, constituting grounds for them to not be allowed to sit the case (e.g., a conflict of interest).


lexentry: eng/challenger__Noun__1
written_rep: challenger
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prōvocātor
sense_list:
One who challenges; especially, one who plays against the current champion of a game or contest in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion.


lexentry: eng/chamber_pot__Noun__1
written_rep: chamber pot
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: matella | matellio
sense_list:
A container used for urination and defecation, particularly those used in early modern towns before the advent of the flush toilet.


lexentry: eng/chamberlain__Noun__1
written_rep: chamberlain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: camerarius
sense_list:
A senior royal official in charge of superintending the arrangement of domestic affairs and often charged with receiving and paying out money kept in the royal chamber, especially in the United Kingdom and in Denmark.


lexentry: eng/chameleon__Noun__1
written_rep: chameleon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chamaeleon
sense_list:
A small to mid-size reptile, of the family Chamaeleonidae, and one of the best known lizard families able to change color and project its long tongue.


lexentry: eng/champagne__Noun__1
written_rep: champagne
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: vinum spumans
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) A sparkling white wine made from a blend of grapes, especially Chardonnay and pinot, produced in Champagne, France, by the méthode champenoise. | (countable, uncountable, informal) Any sparkling white wine.


lexentry: eng/chancel__Noun__1
written_rep: chancel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chorus
sense_list:
The space around the altar in a church, often enclosed, for use by the clergy and the choir. In medieval cathedrals the chancel was usually enclosed or blocked off from the nave by an altar screen.


lexentry: eng/chancellor__Noun__1
written_rep: chancellor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cancellārius
sense_list:
A senior secretary or official with administrative or legal duties, sometimes in charge of some area of government such as finance or justice.


lexentry: eng/change__Verb__1
written_rep: change
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: mūtō
sense_list:
(transitive) To replace the clothing of (the one wearing it), especially to put a clean diaper on (someone).


lexentry: eng/changeling__Noun__1
written_rep: changeling
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cambiō
sense_list:
(European folklore, also, figurative) In pre-modern European folklore: an infant of a magical creature that was secretly exchanged for a human infant. In British, Irish and Scandinavian mythology the exchanged infants were thought to be those of fairies, sprites or trolls; in other places, they were ascribed to demons, devils, or witches.


lexentry: eng/channel__Noun__1
written_rep: channel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: canalis
sense_list:
The natural or man-made deeper course through a reef, bar, bay, or any shallow body of water. | (communication) A path for conveying electrical or electromagnetic signals, usually distinguished from other parallel paths. | (communication) A single path provided by a transmission medium via physical separation, such as by multipair cable. | (communication) A single path provided by a transmission medium via spectral or protocol separation, such as by frequency or time-division multiplexing. | (storage) The portion of a storage medium, such as a track or a band, that is accessible to a given reading or writing station or head.


lexentry: eng/channel__Noun__1
written_rep: channel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: fossa
sense_list:
The navigable part of a river. | A narrow body of water between two land masses. | (broadcasting) A specific radio frequency or band of frequencies, usually in conjunction with a predetermined letter, number, or codeword, and allocated by international agreement. | (broadcasting) A specific radio frequency or band of frequencies used for transmitting television.


lexentry: eng/chanterelle__Noun__1
written_rep: chanterelle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cantharellus cibarius
sense_list:
(mushroom) A widely distributed edible mushroom, Cantharellus cibarius, being yellow and trumpet-shaped; or any similar mushroom of the genera Cantharellus, Polyozellus or Gomphus, not all of which are edible.


lexentry: eng/chapel__Noun__1
written_rep: chapel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aedicula | sacellum | sacrārium
sense_list:
(UK) A place of worship of a denomination not in conformity with the Church of England, usually Protestant.


lexentry: eng/chapelmaster__Noun__1
written_rep: chapelmaster
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: magister capellae
sense_list:
A director of music in a chapel, the musical director of a court and/or major church's choir and/or orchestra; often also a composer.


lexentry: eng/chaplain__Noun__1
written_rep: chaplain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: capellanus | sacerdos
sense_list:
A member of a religious body who is (often, although not always, of the clergy) officially assigned to provide pastoral care at an institution, group, private chapel, etc.


lexentry: eng/chapter__Noun__1
written_rep: chapter
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caput | capitulum
sense_list:
A section of a work, a collection of works, or fragments of works, often manuscripts or transcriptions, created by scholars or advocates, not the original authors, to aid in finding portions of the texts.


lexentry: eng/character__Noun__1
written_rep: character
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: persona
sense_list:
(countable) A being involved in the action of a story; a persona. | (countable) A unique or extraordinary individual; a person characterized by peculiar or notable traits, especially charisma.


lexentry: eng/character__Noun__1
written_rep: character
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: character
sense_list:
(countable) A distinguishing feature; characteristic; trait; nature; phene. | (uncountable) Strength of mind; resolution; independence; individuality; moral strength. | (countable, computing) One of the basic elements making up a text file or string: a code representing a printing character or a control character.


lexentry: eng/characteristic__Noun__1
written_rep: characteristic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: proprietas
sense_list:
(nautical) The distinguishing features of a navigational light on a lighthouse etc by which it can be identified (colour, pattern of flashes etc.).


lexentry: eng/charcoal__Noun__1
written_rep: charcoal
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carbō
sense_list:
(countable, uncountable) impure carbon obtained by destructive distillation of wood or other organic matter, that is, heating it in the absence of oxygen.


lexentry: eng/charcoal_burner__Noun__1
written_rep: charcoal burner
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: carbōnārius
sense_list:
A person whose job it is to make charcoal, traditionally by carbonizing wood in a charcoal clamp or a kiln.


lexentry: eng/chard__Noun__1
written_rep: chard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: beta
sense_list:
(uncountable, culinary) An edible leafy vegetable, Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla, with a slightly bitter taste.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
written_rep: charity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: stips
sense_list:
(uncountable) Benevolence to others less fortunate than ourselves; the providing of goods or money to those in need.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
written_rep: charity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: caritas
sense_list:
In general, an attitude of kindness and understanding towards others, now especially suggesting generosity.


lexentry: eng/charm__Verb__1
written_rep: charm
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: fascino
sense_list:
(transitive) To use a magical charm upon; to subdue, control, or summon by incantation or supernatural influence; to ensorcel or exert a magical effect on.


lexentry: eng/chase__Noun__1
written_rep: chase
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 08
trans_list: īnsectātiō
sense_list:
(real tennis) The occurrence of a second bounce by the ball in certain areas of the court, giving the server the chance, later in the game, to "play off" the chase from the receiving end and possibly win the point.


lexentry: eng/chastity__Noun__1
written_rep: chastity
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: castitās | pudīcitia
sense_list:
The quality of being chaste: the state of abstaining from any sexual activity considered immoral; avoidance of sexual sins.


lexentry: eng/chat__Verb__1
written_rep: chat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: fabulor
sense_list:
To talk more than a few words. | To exchange text or voice messages in real time through a computer network such as a social media chat room or messaging application (as if having a face-to-face conversation instead of SMS or writing emails or letters).


lexentry: eng/chat_up__Verb__1
written_rep: chat up
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: seducere
sense_list:
(transitive, idiomatic) To talk to (someone) in a friendly, open, or casual manner, sometimes also in a charming or affected manner, usually to curry favor, and sometimes flirtatiously with the intention of establishing a romantic or sexual encounter or relationship with that person.


lexentry: eng/cheat__Verb__1
written_rep: cheat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fraudō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To violate rules in order to gain, or attempt to gain, advantage from a situation. | (transitive) To deceive; to fool; to trick.


lexentry: eng/cheat_sheet__Noun__1
written_rep: cheat sheet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antlia
sense_list:
A sheet of paper (or a digital analogue thereof) containing notes used to assist (with or without permission) on a test; especially, such a sheet used secretly and improperly.


lexentry: eng/check_out__Verb__1
written_rep: check out
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: aspectō
sense_list:
(transitive) To examine, inspect, look at closely, ogle; to investigate; to gather information so as to make a decision.


lexentry: eng/checkerboard__Noun__1
written_rep: checkerboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: abacus
sense_list:
A board, usually square, covered with such a pattern; especially such a board with 8×8 squares, used to play chess and draughts/checkers.


lexentry: eng/checkered__Adjective__1
written_rep: checkered
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pictus
sense_list:
(figurative) Changeable; inconsistent; having variations or uncertainty; marked by many problems or failures.


lexentry: eng/checkpoint__Noun__1
written_rep: checkpoint
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: imperium
sense_list:
A point or place where a check is performed, especially a point along a road or on a frontier where travellers are stopped for inspection.


lexentry: eng/cheek__Noun__1
written_rep: cheek
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bucca | gena
sense_list:
(anatomy) The soft skin on each side of the face, below the eyes; the outer surface of the sides of the oral cavity.


lexentry: eng/cheeky__Adjective__1
written_rep: cheeky
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dicax
sense_list:
(informal) Impudent; impertinent; impertinently bold, often in a way that is regarded as endearing or amusing.


lexentry: eng/cheesecake__Noun__1
written_rep: cheesecake
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: savillum
sense_list:
(countable, and, uncountable, obsolete) A pie made of cream, eggs and milk (somewhat resembling the modern American chess cake).


lexentry: eng/chemical_element__Noun__1
written_rep: chemical element
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: elementum
sense_list:
(chemistry) A chemical substance made entirely of one such type of atom; any one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction or by any chemical means and made up of atoms all having the same number of protons.


lexentry: eng/chemise__Noun__1
written_rep: chemise
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: interula
sense_list:
(historical) A loose shirtlike undergarment, especially for women. | A woman's dress that fits loosely; a chemise dress.


lexentry: eng/chemistry__Noun__1
written_rep: chemistry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chemia | chemica
sense_list:
(uncountable) The branch of natural science that deals with the composition and constitution of substances and the changes that they undergo as a consequence of alterations in the constitution of their molecules.


lexentry: eng/chemotherapy__Noun__1
written_rep: chemotherapy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chemitherapia
sense_list:
(medicine) Any chemical treatment intended to be therapeutic with respect to a disease state. | (oncology, most common usage) chemical treatment to kill or halt the replication and/or spread of cancerous cells in a patient.


lexentry: eng/cherry__Noun__1
written_rep: cherry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cerasum
sense_list:
A small fruit, usually red, black or yellow, with a smooth hard seed and a short hard stem. | Prunus subg. Cerasus, trees or shrubs that bear cherries. | Cherry red. | (graph theory) A subtree consisting of a node with exactly two leaves. | (cricket, slang) A red cricket ball. | (cricket, slang) A reddish mark left on the bat by the impact of the ball. | A round, red light of the kind that is typically mounted on top of a police car. | The burning tip of a cigarette.


lexentry: eng/cherry__Noun__1
written_rep: cherry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 05
trans_list: cerasum | cerasus
sense_list:
The fruit of the coffee plant, containing the seeds or beans. | (slang) Virginity, especially female virginity as embodied by a hymen.


lexentry: eng/cherry_tree__Noun__1
written_rep: cherry tree
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cerasus
sense_list:
A tree of the subgenus Prunus subg. Cerasus, the members of which are valued agriculturally for their fruit, the cherry, and the wood of the tree, cherrywood, used in woodworking.


lexentry: eng/cherub__Noun__1
written_rep: cherub
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cherūb | cherub
sense_list:
(biblical) A winged creature attending God and guarding his throne described as a being with four faces (man, lion, ox, and eagle), human hands, calf hooves, four wings, and many eyes. A description can be found in Ezekiel chapter 1 and Ezekiel chapter 10; similar to a lamassu (winged bull with a human torso) in the pre-exilic texts of the Hebrew Bible, more humanoid in later texts.


lexentry: eng/chess__Noun__1
written_rep: chess
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: latrunculi | latrunculorum | ludus scacchorum | ludus schacorum | scaccī
sense_list:
A board game for two players, each beginning with sixteen chess pieces moving according to fixed rules across a chessboard with the objective to checkmate the opposing king.


lexentry: eng/chessboard__Noun__1
written_rep: chessboard
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scaccarium
sense_list:
(chess) The square board used in the game of chess, subdivided into eight rows of eight squares each, the squares in each row and column being of alternating colours.


lexentry: eng/chest__Noun__1
written_rep: chest
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: pectus
sense_list:
(obsolete) A coffin. | The place in which public money is kept; a treasury. | A chest of drawers. | (anatomy) The portion of the human body from the base of the neck to the top of the abdomen; the homologous area in some other animals. | The front (anterior) surface of this portion of the torso. | (euphemistic, , , ) A female human's breasts. | A hit or blow made with one's chest.


lexentry: eng/chest_of_drawers__Noun__1
written_rep: chest of drawers
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: armariolum
sense_list:
A piece of furniture which has multiple parallel, horizontal drawers stacked one above the other, used mainly for the storage of clean clothes.


lexentry: eng/chevron__Noun__1
written_rep: chevron
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bracket
sense_list:
A V-shaped pattern; used in architecture, and as an insignia of military or police rank, on the sleeve. | (heraldiccharge) A wide inverted V placed on a shield.


lexentry: eng/chew__Verb__1
written_rep: chew
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mandūcō | masticō
sense_list:
To crush with the teeth by repeated closing and opening of the jaws; done to food to soften it and break it down by the action of saliva before it is swallowed.


lexentry: eng/chew_the_cud__Verb__1
written_rep: chew the cud
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: rūmīnō
sense_list:
(figuratively, idiomatic, of a person) To meditate or ponder before answering; to be deep in thought; to ruminate.


lexentry: eng/chicane__Noun__1
written_rep: chicane
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: fraudatio
sense_list:
The use of dishonest means or subterfuge to achieve one's (especially political) goals; chicanery, trickery. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/chickenhawk__Noun__1
written_rep: chickenhawk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: accipiter
sense_list:
Any of the North American hawk species (Cooper's hawk, sharp-shinned hawk and red-tailed hawk), or counterparts elsewhere, mistakenly believed to be pests.


lexentry: eng/chicory__Noun__1
written_rep: chicory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cichorium | pancratium
sense_list:
(chiefly, Britain) Common chicory (Cichorium intybus), source of Belgian endive, radicchio, and certain other cultivars with other names.


lexentry: eng/chief_constable__Noun__1
written_rep: chief constable
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: praefectus vigilum
sense_list:
(British) The chief of police of most territorial UK police forces, except the Metropolitan Police and City of London Police.


lexentry: eng/chiffchaff__Noun__1
written_rep: chiffchaff
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Phylloscopus collybita
sense_list:
A small, common warbler, Phylloscopus collybita, with yellowish-green plumage that breeds throughout northern and temperate Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/chilblain__Noun__1
written_rep: chilblain
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pernio
sense_list:
An itchy purple red inflammation of the skin, especially of the hands, feet and ears, occurring when capillaries below the skin are damaged by exposure to cold weather (but do not freeze, which would lead to frostbite instead).


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
written_rep: child
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: filia | filius
sense_list:
(with possessive) One's direct descendant by birth, regardless of age; one's offspring; a son or daughter.


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
written_rep: child
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: impubes | praetextatus
sense_list:
A person considered a product of a place or culture, a member of a tribe or culture, regardless of age.


lexentry: eng/chili__Noun__1
written_rep: chili
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: capsicum
sense_list:
(countable) The pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking.


lexentry: eng/chili_pepper__Noun__1
written_rep: chili pepper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: capsicum
sense_list:
Any fruit of a plant of the botanical genus Capsicum, which contains capsaicin and typically has a spicy or burning flavor.


lexentry: eng/chiliasm__Noun__1
written_rep: chiliasm
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chiliasmus
sense_list:
Belief in an earthly thousand-year period of peace and prosperity, sometimes equated with the return of Jesus for that period.


lexentry: eng/chill__Noun__1
written_rep: chill
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: algor
sense_list:
A sudden penetrating sense of cold, especially one that causes a brief trembling nerve response through the body; the trembling response itself; often associated with illness: fevers and chills, or susceptibility to illness. | An uncomfortable and numbing sense of fear, dread, anxiety, or alarm, often one that is sudden and usually accompanied by a trembling nerve response resembling the body's response to biting cold.


lexentry: eng/chime__Noun__1
written_rep: chime
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tinnimentum
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument producing a sound when struck, similar to a bell (e.g. a tubular metal bar) or actually a bell. Often used in the plural to refer to the set: the chimes.


lexentry: eng/chime__Verb__1
written_rep: chime
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tangere
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make the sound of a chime. | (transitive) To cause to sound in harmony; to play a tune, as upon a set of bells; to move or strike in harmony.


lexentry: eng/chimera__Noun__1
written_rep: chimera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: chimaera
sense_list:
(figurative) A foolish, incongruous, or vain thought or product of the imagination. | (genetics) An organism with genetically distinct cells originating from two or more zygotes. | (zoology) , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.


lexentry: eng/chimney__Noun__1
written_rep: chimney
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: camīnus | fūmārium
sense_list:
A vertical tube or hollow column used to emit environmentally polluting gaseous and solid matter (including but not limited to by-products of burning carbon- or hydrocarbon-based fuels); a flue.


lexentry: eng/chimpanzee__Noun__1
written_rep: chimpanzee
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: satyrus
sense_list:
(broadly) A member of the genus Pan, including the bonobo which was formerly known as the pygmy chimpanzee.


lexentry: eng/chinchilla__Noun__1
written_rep: chinchilla
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chinchilla
sense_list:
(countable) A small, crepuscular rodent of the genus Chinchilla, native to the Andes Mountains, prized for their very soft fur and often kept as pets. | (uncountable) The fur of a chinchilla, used for clothing.


lexentry: eng/chink__Verb__1
written_rep: chink
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: calafatare
sense_list:
(transitive) To fill an opening such as the space between logs in a log house with chinking; to caulk.


lexentry: eng/chipmunk__Noun__1
written_rep: chipmunk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tamias
sense_list:
Any of the subtribe Tamiina of small, striped rodents; they are found in North America, with the exception of the Siberian chipmunk which is found primarily in Asia.


lexentry: eng/chirp__Verb__1
written_rep: chirp
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pīpilō | pīpiō
sense_list:
(intransitive) To make a short, sharp, cheerful note, as of small birds or crickets; to chitter; to twitter.


lexentry: eng/chisel__Noun__1
written_rep: chisel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: caelum | scalprum
sense_list:
A cutting tool used to remove parts of stone, wood or metal by pushing or pounding the back when the sharp edge is against the material. It consists of a slim, oblong block of metal with a sharp wedge or bevel formed on one end and sometimes a handle at the other end; there are hand tool versions (the original type) and versions as bits for power tools.


lexentry: eng/chivalry__Noun__1
written_rep: chivalry
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: equitatus
sense_list:
The ethical code of the knight prevalent in Medieval Europe, having such primary virtues as mercy towards the poor and oppressed, humility, honour, sacrifice, fear of God, faithfulness, courage and courtesy to ladies.


lexentry: eng/chive__Noun__1
written_rep: chive
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Allium schoenoprasum
sense_list:
A perennial plant, Allium schoenoprasum, related to the onion. | (in the plural, or, attributive) The leaves of this plant used as a herb.


lexentry: eng/chlamydia__Noun__1
written_rep: chlamydia
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chlamydia
sense_list:
(uncountable) Any of several common, often asymptomatic, sexually transmitted diseases caused by the microorganism Chlamydia trachomatis.


lexentry: eng/chlamys__Noun__1
written_rep: chlamys
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chlamys
sense_list:
(historical) A short poncho-like cloak caught up on the shoulder, worn by hunters, soldiers, and horsemen in Ancient Greece.


lexentry: eng/chloroform__Noun__1
written_rep: chloroform
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chloroformium | chloroformum
sense_list:
(organic compound) A halogenated hydrocarbon, trichloromethane, CHCl3; it is a volatile, sweet-smelling liquid, used extensively as a solvent and formerly as an anesthetic.


lexentry: eng/chlorophyll__Noun__1
written_rep: chlorophyll
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chlorophyllum
sense_list:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of green pigments that are found in the chloroplasts of plants and in other photosynthetic organisms such as cyanobacteria.


lexentry: eng/chock__Noun__1
written_rep: chock
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cuneus
sense_list:
Any object used as a wedge or filler, especially when placed behind a wheel to prevent it from rolling.


lexentry: eng/chocolate_milk__Noun__1
written_rep: chocolate milk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: lac
sense_list:
A sweetened cocoa-flavored drink, typically created by mixing chocolate syrup or chocolate powder with milk, and typically served cold.


lexentry: eng/choker__Noun__1
written_rep: choker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: collare
sense_list:
(fashion) A piece of jewelry or ornamental fabric, worn as a necklace or neckerchief, tight to the throat.


lexentry: eng/cholera__Noun__1
written_rep: cholera
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cholera
sense_list:
(pathology) Any of several acute infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals, caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.


lexentry: eng/cholesterol__Noun__1
written_rep: cholesterol
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cholestērolum
sense_list:
(biochemistry) A sterol lipid synthesized by the liver and transported in the bloodstream to the membranes of all animal cells; it plays a central role in many biochemical processes and, as a lipoprotein that coats the walls of blood vessels, is associated with cardiovascular disease.


lexentry: eng/chopstick__Noun__1
written_rep: chopstick
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Tulostoma
sense_list:
(usually, in the plural) An East Asian eating utensil usually used as a pair and held in one hand to grip pieces of food or occasionally to mix liquids or scoop up small pieces of food. The utensil is a stick, usually made of wood and measuring approximately 23cm (10 inches) in length. | (obsolete, angling) A long straight stick forming part of various fishing tackle arrangements.


lexentry: eng/chord__Noun__1
written_rep: chord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: ceruchus
sense_list:
(rail) A section of subsidiary railway track that interconnects two primary tracks that cross at different levels, to permit traffic to flow between them.


lexentry: eng/chord__Noun__1
written_rep: chord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: tendo
sense_list:
(engineering) A horizontal member of a truss. | (aeronautics) The distance between the leading and trailing edge of a wing, measured in the direction of the normal airflow.


lexentry: eng/chordate__Noun__1
written_rep: chordate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chordata
sense_list:
A member of the phylum Chordata; numerous animals having a notochord at some stage of their development; in vertebrates this develops into the spine.


lexentry: eng/chorea__Noun__1
written_rep: chorea
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: chorea
sense_list:
(pathology) Any of the various diseases of the nervous system characterized by involuntary muscular movements of the face and extremities; St. Vitus's dance.


lexentry: eng/choreography__Noun__1
written_rep: choreography
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: choreographia
sense_list:
(by extension, figurative) The art of creating and arranging any activities that involve social coordination or orchestration. | (uncountable) The art of creating, arranging and recording the dance movements of a work, such as a ballet.


lexentry: eng/chorion__Noun__1
written_rep: chorion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chorion
sense_list:
(anatomy, biology) The protective and nutritive membrane in higher vertebrates that attaches the fetus to the uterus.


lexentry: eng/chrestomathy__Noun__1
written_rep: chrestomathy
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chrestomathia
sense_list:
A collection of written passages, used to learn an unfamiliar language. | A collection of choice passages from an author or authors.


lexentry: eng/chrism__Noun__1
written_rep: chrism
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chrisma
sense_list:
A mixture of oil and balm, consecrated for use as an anointing fluid in certain Christian ceremonies, especially confirmation.


lexentry: eng/christen__Verb__1
written_rep: christen
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: baptizare
sense_list:
(transitive) To perform the religious rite of baptism upon; to baptize. | (transitive, by extension) To name.


lexentry: eng/chromium__Noun__1
written_rep: chromium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chrōmium | chromium
sense_list:
A chemical element (symbol Cr) with an atomic number of 24: a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal.


lexentry: eng/chromosome__Noun__1
written_rep: chromosome
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chromosoma
sense_list:
(cytology, genetics) A linear arrangement of condensed DNA and associated proteins (such as chaperone proteins) which contains the genetic material (genome) of an organism.


lexentry: eng/chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease__Noun__1
written_rep: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: morbus chronicus obstructionis pulmonum
sense_list:
(medicine, pulmonology, pathology) A type of progressive lung disease characterized by long-term respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation.


lexentry: eng/chronogram__Noun__1
written_rep: chronogram
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chronogramma
sense_list:
A sentence or inscription whose letters, when interpreted according to a system (such as Roman numerals) in which letters correspond to numeric values, stand for a particular date (usually the date of inscription) when rearranged.


lexentry: eng/chronological__Adjective__1
written_rep: chronological
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: chronicus
sense_list:
(films, shows, books, etc) Relating to the arrangement of events in the order in which they occur within a story, rather than the order in which they are released.


lexentry: eng/chronology__Noun__1
written_rep: chronology
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chronologia
sense_list:
(uncountable) The science of determining the order in which events occurred. | (countable) An arrangement of events into chronological order; called a timeline when involving graphical elements.


lexentry: eng/chronotaxis__Noun__1
written_rep: chronotaxis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chronotaxis
sense_list:
A list or table, sorted in chronological order, of people who held an office. Mostly used for the succession of bishops.


lexentry: eng/chrysalis__Noun__1
written_rep: chrysalis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pupa
sense_list:
The pupa of a butterfly or moth, particularly bare and hanging or girdled, as opposed to enclosed in a cocoon, in which metamorphosis takes place.


lexentry: eng/chrysanthemum__Noun__1
written_rep: chrysanthemum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: chrysanthemum
sense_list:
Any of many flowering perennial plants, of the genus Chrysanthemum, native to China, that have showy radiate heads.


lexentry: eng/chug__Verb__1
written_rep: chug
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: bibo
sense_list:
(transitive, colloquial) To drink a large amount (especially of beer) in a single action/without breathing; to chugalug. Usually chanted at the person who is drinking.


lexentry: eng/chunder__Verb__1
written_rep: chunder
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: evomere
sense_list:
(Australia, New Zealand, Britain, slang) To throw up, to vomit, particularly from excessive alcohol consumption.


lexentry: eng/chunk__Noun__1
written_rep: chunk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cella
sense_list:
A part of something that has been separated; a generally squat, thick, irregular piece of something, e.g. wood or stone.


lexentry: eng/chunk__Noun__1
written_rep: chunk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: caudex
sense_list:
(computing) A discrete segment of a file, stream, etc. (especially one that represents audiovisual media); a block.


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
written_rep: church
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ecclesia
sense_list:
(countable, Christianity) A Christian house of worship; a building where Christian religious services take place. [from 9th c.] | (countable) A local group of people who follow the same Christian religious beliefs, local or general. [from 9th c.] | (uncountable, countable, as bare noun) Christian worship held at a church; service. [from 10th c.] | (uncountable) Organized religion in general or a specific religion considered as a political institution.


lexentry: eng/church_council__Noun__1
written_rep: church council
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: concilium | synodus
sense_list:
A formal meeting of bishops and church representatives who are brought together to regulate points of doctrine or discipline.


lexentry: eng/church_service__Noun__1
written_rep: church service
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: missa
sense_list:
A formalized period of communal worship, often but not exclusively occurring on Sunday, or Saturday in the case of those churches practicing Sabbatarianism.


lexentry: eng/churn__Verb__1
written_rep: churn
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: agitare
sense_list:
(transitive) To agitate rapidly and repetitively, or to stir with a rowing or rocking motion; generally applies to liquids, notably cream.


lexentry: eng/chute__Noun__1
written_rep: chute
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fistula
sense_list:
A framework, trough, or tube, upon or through which objects are made to slide from a higher to a lower level, or through which water passes to a wheel.


lexentry: eng/chutzpah__Noun__1
written_rep: chutzpah
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ferocia
sense_list:
(informal) Nearly arrogant courage; utter audacity, effrontery or impudence; supreme self-confidence; exaggerated self-opinion.


lexentry: eng/ciborium__Noun__1
written_rep: ciborium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: ciborium
sense_list:
(architecture) A fixed vaulted canopy over a Christian altar, supported on four columns. | (Christianity) A covered receptacle for holding the consecrated wafers of the Eucharist.


lexentry: eng/cicada__Noun__1
written_rep: cicada
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cicāda | cicada
sense_list:
Any of several insects in the superfamily Cicadoidea, with small eyes wide apart on the head and transparent well-veined wings.


lexentry: eng/cicerone__Noun__1
written_rep: cicerone
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: dux
sense_list:
A guide who accompanies visitors and sightseers to museums, galleries, etc., and explains matters of archaeological, antiquarian, historic or artistic interest.


lexentry: eng/cider__Noun__1
written_rep: cider
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: sīcera | sicera
sense_list:
(Australia) A non-alcoholic carbonated beverage made from apples or pears. | (Japan, South Korea) A non-alcoholic, lemon-lime flavored carbonated beverage.


lexentry: eng/cigar__Noun__1
written_rep: cigar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sigarum
sense_list:
A cylinder of tobacco rolled and wrapped with an outer covering of tobacco leaves, intended to be smoked.


lexentry: eng/cigarette__Noun__1
written_rep: cigarette
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: sigarellum
sense_list:
A small cigar consisting of tobacco or another substance, wrapped up in a thin roll with paper, intended for smoking.


lexentry: eng/cilantro__Noun__1
written_rep: cilantro
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: coriandrum
sense_list:
(US) The stems and leaves of the coriander plant, Coriandrum sativum, used as a seasoning and garnish in cooking.


lexentry: eng/cilice__Noun__1
written_rep: cilice
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cilicium
sense_list:
A garment or undergarment made of coarse cloth or animal hair worn close to the skin used by members of various Christian traditions as a self-imposed means of penance (repentance) and mortification of the flesh.


lexentry: eng/cinder__Noun__1
written_rep: cinder
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: favilla
sense_list:
Partially or mostly burnt material that results from incomplete combustion of coal or wood etc.; it often rides the rising smoke column into the air, and it can pose a fire hazard when it lands, in dry conditions.


lexentry: eng/cingulate_gyrus__Noun__1
written_rep: cingulate gyrus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: gyrus cinguli
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) A section of the cerebral cortex, belonging to the fornicate gyrus, which arches over the corpus callosum.


lexentry: eng/cinnabar__Noun__1
written_rep: cinnabar
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: anthrax
sense_list:
A deep red mineral, mercuric sulfide, HgS; the principal ore of mercury; such ore used as the pigment vermilion.


lexentry: eng/cinnamon__Noun__1
written_rep: cinnamon
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: cinnamum | cinnamōmum
sense_list:
Several related trees, notably the Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) and Chinese cinnamon or cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum or Cinnamomum cassia). | (mostly, uncountable) A spice from the dried aromatic bark of the cinnamon tree, either rolled into strips or ground into a powder. The word is commonly used as trade name for spices made of any of the species above.


lexentry: eng/circadian__Adjective__1
written_rep: circadian
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: circadianus
sense_list:
(biology) Of, relating to, or showing rhythmic behaviour with a period of approximately 24 hours; especially of a biological process.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
written_rep: circle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: circulus | circus
sense_list:
(geometry) A two-dimensional geometric figure, a line, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane that are equally distant from a given point (center). | (colloquial) A two-dimensional geometric figure, a disk, consisting of the set of all those points of a plane at a distance less than or equal to a fixed distance (radius) from a given point.


lexentry: eng/circular_argument__Noun__1
written_rep: circular argument
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: petitio principii
sense_list:
(philosophy, logic) An argument which commits the logical fallacy of assuming what it is attempting to prove.


lexentry: eng/circulation__Noun__1
written_rep: circulation
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: circuitus
sense_list:
The act of moving in a circle, or in a course which brings the moving body to the place where its motion began. | (narrowly) The movement of the blood in the circulatory system, by which it is brought into close relations with the cells and tissues of the body; (loosely) the circulatory system.


lexentry: eng/circumcise__Verb__1
written_rep: circumcise
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: circumcīdō
sense_list:
(military, nautical, slang) To trim off the portion of the barrel liner of a large-caliber naval gun that protrudes from the end of the barrel as a result of the liner slowly stretching from prolonged fire.


lexentry: eng/circumflex__Noun__1
written_rep: circumflex
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tectum
sense_list:
A diacritical mark (ˆ) placed over a vowel in the orthography or transliteration of many languages to change its pronunciation; while in some other languages over a consonant.


lexentry: eng/circumlocution__Noun__1
written_rep: circumlocution
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: circumlocūtiō
sense_list:
(countable) An instance of such usage; a roundabout expression, whether an inadvisable one or a necessary one.


lexentry: eng/circus__Noun__1
written_rep: circus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: circēnsēs | circus
sense_list:
A traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, clowns, trained animals, and other novelty acts, that gives shows usually in a circular tent. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/cirque__Noun__1
written_rep: cirque
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: collis cavus
sense_list:
(geology) A curved depression or natural amphitheatre, especially one in a mountainside at the end of a valley.


lexentry: eng/cirrhosis__Noun__1
written_rep: cirrhosis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cirrhosis
sense_list:
(pathology) A chronic disease of the liver caused by damage from toxins (including alcohol), metabolic problems, hepatitis, or nutritional deprivation, characterised by an increase in fibrous tissue and the destruction of liver cells.


lexentry: eng/cirrocumulus__Noun__1
written_rep: cirrocumulus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cirrocumulus | nubes cirrocumula
sense_list:
(physics, meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type appearing as a thin, white patch of cloud without shadows, composed of very small droplets in the form of grains or ripples. The elements may be merged or separate, and more or less regularly arranged; they subtend an angle of less than 1° when observed at an angle of more than 30° above the horizon. Holes or rifts often occur in a sheet of cirrocumulus. Abbreviated Cc.


lexentry: eng/cirrostratus__Noun__1
written_rep: cirrostratus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cirrostratus | nubes cirrostrata
sense_list:
(meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type appearing as a whitish veil, usually fibrous but sometimes smooth, which may totally cover the sky and which often produces halo phenomena. Abbreviated Cs


lexentry: eng/cirrus__Noun__1
written_rep: cirrus
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: cirrus | nubes cirra
sense_list:
(meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type, typically composed of thin, delicate, white filaments, wisps, or narrow bands.


lexentry: eng/citadel__Noun__1
written_rep: citadel
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: arx
sense_list:
A strong fortress that sits high above a city. | (sometimes, figurative) A stronghold or fortified place.


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
written_rep: citizen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: cīvis | civis
sense_list:
A legally recognized member of a state, with associated rights and obligations; a person considered in terms of this role. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
written_rep: citizen
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: burgēnsis | civis
sense_list:
(Christianity) A resident of the heavenly city or (later) of the kingdom of God: a Christian; a good Christian. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/city__Noun__1
written_rep: city
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: urbs | civitas
sense_list:
A large settlement, bigger than a town; sometimes with a specific legal definition, depending on the place. | (UK, historical, _, in, _, Ireland, and) A settlement granted special status by royal charter or letters patent; traditionally, a settlement with a cathedral regardless of size.


lexentry: eng/city_wall__Noun__1
written_rep: city wall
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: moenia
sense_list:
(usually, in plural) A wall around a city, built to define the city's boundaries, and sometimes to protect it from aggressors.


lexentry: eng/civet__Noun__1
written_rep: civet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: Civettictis
sense_list:
Any of the small carnivorous catlike mammals encompassing certain species from the families Viverridae, Eupleridae, and Nandiniidae, native to tropical Africa and Asia.


lexentry: eng/civil__Adjective__1
written_rep: civil
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cīvīlis
sense_list:
(uncomparable) Having to do with people and government office as opposed to the military or religion.


lexentry: eng/civil_war__Noun__1
written_rep: civil war
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: bellum cīvīle | bellum intestīnum | bellum civile
sense_list:
A war fought between factions of the inhabitants of a single country, or a similar political entity.


lexentry: eng/civilian__Noun__1
written_rep: civilian
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: civilis
sense_list:
A person following the pursuits of civil life, especially one who is not an active member of the armed forces. | (informal) A person who does not belong to a particular group or engage in a particular activity, an outsider.


lexentry: eng/civilization__Noun__1
written_rep: civilization
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: exculta hominum vīta
sense_list:
An organized culture encompassing many communities, often on the scale of a nation or a people; a stage or system of social, political, or technical development.


lexentry: eng/clad__Verb__2
written_rep: clad
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: obruere
sense_list:
(past tense clad or cladded) To cover with a cladding or another material (for example, insulation).


lexentry: eng/cladding__Noun__1
written_rep: cladding
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: antepagmentum
sense_list:
(construction) A weatherproof, insulating or decorative covering fixed to the outside of a building.


lexentry: eng/clam__Noun__1
written_rep: clam
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: mollusca
sense_list:
A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that are edible; for example soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), sea clams or hen clams (Spisula solidissima), and other species, possibly originally applied to clams of species Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian bivalve. | (US, slang, mostly, in the plural) A dollar.


lexentry: eng/clamor__Noun__1
written_rep: clamor
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: clamor
sense_list:
A great outcry or vociferation; loud and continued shouting or exclamation. | A continued public expression, often of dissatisfaction or discontent; a popular outcry.


lexentry: eng/clamp__Verb__1
written_rep: clamp
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: premere
sense_list:
(transitive, intransitive) To fasten in place or together with (or as if with) a clamp. | (transitive) To hold or grip tightly.


lexentry: eng/clan__Noun__1
written_rep: clan
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: gens | familia
sense_list:
A traditional social group of families in the Scottish Highlands having a common hereditary chieftain.


lexentry: eng/clapper__Noun__1
written_rep: clapper
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: chorda
sense_list:
An object so suspended inside a bell that it may hit the bell and cause it to ring; a clanger or tongue.


lexentry: eng/clarification__Noun__1
written_rep: clarification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: explanatio
sense_list:
The act of clarifying; the act or process of making clear or transparent by freeing visible impurities; particularly, the clearing or fining of liquid substances from impurities via the separation of the insoluble particles which prevent the liquid from being transparent.


lexentry: eng/clarify__Verb__1
written_rep: clarify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: abluo
sense_list:
(ergative, of liquids, such as wine or syrup) To make or become clear or bright by freeing from impurities or turbidity.


lexentry: eng/clarify__Verb__1
written_rep: clarify
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: patefacere
sense_list:
(by extension) To make or become clear or easily understood; to explain or resolve in order to remove doubt or obscurity.


lexentry: eng/clarinet__Noun__1
written_rep: clarinet
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: clarinetum
sense_list:
(woodwind instrument) A woodwind musical instrument that has a distinctive liquid tone whose characteristics vary among its three registers: chalumeau (low), clarion (medium), and altissimo (high).


lexentry: eng/clarion__Noun__1
written_rep: clarion
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: tuba
sense_list:
(brass instrument, historical, or, poetic) A medieval brass instrument chiefly used as a battle signal; related to the trumpet, it had a narrow, straight pipe and a high-pitched, piercing sound.


lexentry: eng/clash__Verb__1
written_rep: clash
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 06
trans_list: confligo
sense_list:
(intransitive, of clothes, decor, colours) To fail to look good together; to contrast unattractively; to fail to harmonize.


lexentry: eng/clasp__Noun__1
written_rep: clasp
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fibula
sense_list:
(countable) A device with interlocking parts used for fastening things together, such as a fastener or a holder.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
written_rep: class
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: classis
sense_list:
(countable) A group, collection, category or set sharing characteristics or attributes. | (sociology, countable) A social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc. In Britain, society is commonly split into three main classes: upper class, middle class and working class. | (uncountable) The division of society into classes. | (uncountable) Admirable behavior; elegance. | (education, countable, and, uncountable) A group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher. | (countable) A group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year. A school class. | (countable) A category of seats in an airplane, train or other means of mass transportation. | (taxonomy, countable) A rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank. | (object-oriented, countable) A set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set in terms of its common properties, functions, etc.


lexentry: eng/class_struggle__Noun__1
written_rep: class struggle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: pugna classis
sense_list:
Conflict between social or economic classes (especially between the capitalist and proletariat classes); the active expression of a theoretical class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective.


lexentry: eng/classical_antiquity__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: classical antiquity
part_of_speech: properNoun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: antiquitas
sense_list:
(history) The era of the height of Greco-Roman civilization in southern Europe, roughly comprising the 6th century BC to the 5th century (AD), although sometimes distinguished from Late Antiquity


lexentry: eng/classification__Noun__1
written_rep: classification
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: classificatio
sense_list:
The act of forming into a class or classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some common relations or attributes.


lexentry: eng/clause__Noun__1
written_rep: clause
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: prex
sense_list:
(grammar) A group of words that contains a subject and a verb; it may be part of a sentence or may constitute the whole sentence, depending on the syntax in each instance. | (grammar) A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is dependent (subordinate). (Independent clauses can be sentences; they can also be part of a sentence. Dependent clauses can only be part of a sentence.)


lexentry: eng/claustrum__Noun__1
written_rep: claustrum
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: claustrum
sense_list:
(neuroanatomy) A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses


lexentry: eng/clavichord__Noun__1
written_rep: clavichord
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: clavichordium
sense_list:
(musical instruments) An early keyboard instrument producing a soft sound by means of metal blades (called tangents) attached to the inner ends of the keys gently striking the strings.


lexentry: eng/clavicle__Noun__1
written_rep: clavicle
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: clāvicula | iugulum
sense_list:
(skeleton) The collarbone; the prominent bone at the top of the chest between the shoulder and the neck connecting the shoulder and the breastbone.


lexentry: eng/clavicytherium__Noun__1
written_rep: clavicytherium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: clavicytherium
sense_list:
(musical instruments) A harpsichord in which the soundboard and strings are mounted vertically facing the player. [early 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/clay__Noun__1
written_rep: clay
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: argilla | lutum
sense_list:
A mineral substance made up of small crystals of silica and alumina, that is ductile when moist; the material of pre-fired ceramics.


lexentry: eng/clean__Adjective__1
written_rep: clean
part_of_speech: adjective
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: mundus
sense_list:
Free from (or showing no signs of) corrupt, unlawful, and/or sinister conduct or connections (and (of criminal, driving, etc. records) therefore without restrictions or penalties).


lexentry: eng/clear_one's_throat__Verb__1
written_rep: clear one's throat
part_of_speech: verb
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: cōnscreor | screō
sense_list:
To forcibly, sometimes mutedly, expell air from one's lungs, sometimes to clear mucus, sometimes to attract attention to something; less vigorously than to cough.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
written_rep: clearance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: intervallum
sense_list:
The height or width of a tunnel, bridge or other passage, or the distance between a vehicle and the walls or roof of such passage; a gap, headroom.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
written_rep: clearance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: licentia
sense_list:
A permission for a vehicle to proceed, or for a person to travel. | A permission to have access to sensitive or secret documents or other information.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
written_rep: clearance
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: divenditio mercium
sense_list:
(retail) A sale of merchandise, especially at significantly reduced prices, usually in order to make room for new merchandise or updated versions of the same merchandise; sometimes as a closeout.


lexentry: eng/clearness__Noun__1
written_rep: clearness
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: claritudo
sense_list:
The state of being free from obscurities or opacity; distinctness of light, colour etc. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cleavage__Noun__1
written_rep: cleavage
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: cavum
sense_list:
The hollow or separation between a woman's breasts, especially as revealed by a low neckline. [from 20th c.] | (by extension) Any similar separation between two body parts, such as the buttocks or toes.


lexentry: eng/clef__Noun__1
written_rep: clef
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: clavis
sense_list:
(music) A symbol found on a musical staff that indicates the pitches represented by the lines and the spaces on the staff [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/clerestory__Noun__1
written_rep: clerestory
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: claristorium
sense_list:
(architecture) The upper part of a wall containing windows to let in natural light to a building, especially in the nave, transept and choir of a church or cathedral.


lexentry: eng/clerk__Noun__1
written_rep: clerk
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: scrība
sense_list:
One who occupationally provides assistance by working with records, accounts, letters, etc.; an office worker.


lexentry: eng/clevis__Noun__1
written_rep: clevis
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: fuscinula
sense_list:
A U-shaped coupling having holes at each end, through which a bolt is run; used especially to fit attachments to a tractor or other vehicle as it allows a degree of rotation about the bolt.


lexentry: eng/cliché__Noun__1
written_rep: cliché
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: platitudo
sense_list:
(rhetoric) Something, most often a phrase or expression, that is overused or used outside its original context, so that its original impact and meaning are lost. A trite saying; a platitude. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/client__Noun__1
written_rep: client
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: emptor
sense_list:
A customer, a buyer or receiver of goods or services. | (computing) The role of a computer application or system that requests and/or consumes the services provided by another having the role of server. | A person who receives help or services from a professional such as a lawyer or accountant.


lexentry: eng/climacteric__Noun__1
written_rep: climacteric
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: climacterium
sense_list:
(medicine) The period of life that leads up to and follows the end of menstruation in women; the menopause. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/climacterium__Noun__1
written_rep: climacterium
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: climacterium
sense_list:
(medical) The bodily and mental changes linked to the reproductive and endocrine function in men and women occurring during the latter part of middle age.


lexentry: eng/climate__Noun__1
written_rep: climate
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: clima
sense_list:
The long-term manifestations of weather and other atmospheric conditions in a given area or country, now usually represented by the statistical summary of its weather conditions during a period long enough to ensure that representative values are obtained (generally 30 years). | (figuratively) The context in general of a particular political, moral, etc., situation.


lexentry: eng/climate_change__Noun__1
written_rep: climate change
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 02
trans_list: climatis mutatio
sense_list:
Rapid, large-scale, and long-term change in the Earth's climatic system produced by global warming; anthropogenic climate change.


lexentry: eng/clinch__Noun__1
written_rep: clinch
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 07
trans_list: subscus
sense_list:
(wrestling, combat sports) The act of one or both fighters holding onto the other to prevent being hit or engage in standup grappling.


lexentry: eng/clinic__Noun__1
written_rep: clinic
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 01
trans_list: clinicum
sense_list:
A medical facility, such as a hospital, especially one for the treatment and diagnosis of outpatients.


lexentry: eng/clinker__Noun__1
written_rep: clinker
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 03
trans_list: scoria
sense_list:
Slag or ash produced by intense heat in a furnace, kiln or boiler that forms a hard residue upon cooling. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/clip__Noun__1
written_rep: clip
part_of_speech: noun
min_sense_num: 04
trans_list: pecten
sense_list:
(military) A frame containing a number of rounds of ammunition which is intended to be inserted into an internal magazine of a firearm to allow for rapid reloading.


