's /s/ /z/ /əz/ /ɪz/ suffix
al
In the absence of a specified object, used to indicate “the house/place/establishment of”.

ate /eɪt/ /ət/ suffix
êkirin
(in verbs) to act in the specified manner

cide /-saɪd/ suffix
ujer
killer

er /ə/ /ɚ/ suffix
tir
(added to certain adjectives and adverbs, now especially short ones) More; used to form the comparative.
êhtir
(added to certain adverbs) More; used to form the comparative.

free /fɹiː/ suffix
ê
free from; devoid of; without

ify /ɪfaɪ/ suffix
êkirin
To produce verbs meaning to make.

ize /-aɪz/ suffix
êkirin
Used to form verbs from nouns or adjectives, especially similative verbs

less /ləs/ /lɪs/ suffix
ê
Lacking (something); without (something). Added usually to a noun to form an adjective signifying a lack of that noun.

logy /ləd͡ʒi/ suffix
lojî
A branch of learning; a study of a particular subject.

sama suffix
[دیاره‌]]
(anime and manga fandom) Appended to a person's name or nickname to convey honour and respect.

y /i/ suffix
[دیاره‌]]
Added to nouns and adjectives to form adjectives meaning “having the quality of”, either “involving the referent” or “analogous to it”.

A language n
zimanê dayikî

ATM n
bankematîk
(banking) Initialism of automated teller machine or initialism of automatic teller machine.

Abkhazia /æbˈkeɪ.zi.ə/ /æbˈkeɪ.ʒi.ə/ /æbˈkeɪ.ʒə/ /æbˈkɑ.zi.ə/ /æbˈkɑ.ʒi.ə/ pn
Abxazya
A region and de-facto independent but largely unrecognized country on the coast of the Black Sea and the south-western flank of the Caucasus, which considers itself an independent state called the Republic of Abkhazia; considered part of Georgia's territory by the Georgian government and the vast majority of the international community.

Abraham /ˈeɪ.bɹæm/ /ˈeɪ.bɹə.hæm/ /ˈeɪ.bɹə.həm/ /ˈeɪ.bɹəˌhæm/ pn
Îbrahîm
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Baha'i) A prophet in the Old Testament, Qur'an and Aqdas; a Semitic patriarch son of Terah who practiced monotheism, father of the Jewish patriarch Isaac by Sarah and the Arab patriarch Ishmael by Hagar. [First attested prior to 1150.]
A en given name. [First attested prior to 1150.]
A surname originating as a patronymic. [First attested prior to 1150.]

Abram /ˈeɪ.bɹəm/ pn
Îbrahîm
Abraham (prophet in the Old Testament). [First attested prior to 1150.]

Adam /ˈæ.dəm/ [ˈæɾm̩] [ˈæɾəm] pn
Adem
(Abrahamism, religion) The first man and the progenitor of the human race.
A en given name.

Adam's apple n
sêva Adem
(anatomy) The lump in the throat, usually more noticeable in men than in women; the laryngeal prominence.

Adriatic Sea pn
deryaya Adriyatîk
A sea and arm of the Mediterranean Sea, stretching north from the Ionian Sea to Venice, separating the Italian and Balkan Peninsulas.

Aeneid /əˈniː.ɪd/ /ˈiː.ni.ɪd/ pn
Aeneis
A classic epic poem, written in Latin by Virgil in the 1st century BCE (between 29 and 19 BCE), that tells the legendary story of Aeneas fleeing Troy and settling in Italy as ancestor of the Romans.

Aesop /ˈiːsɒp/ pn
Aysopos
An Ancient Greek author, famous for the fables ascribed to him.

Afar /ˈɑːfɑː(ɹ)/ pn
afar
A Cushitic language spoken in Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti.

Afghan /ˈæf(ˌ)ɡɑːn/ /ˈæfɡən/ /ˈæfˌɡæn/ adj
Afganistan
Of, from, or pertaining to Afghanistan.

Afghan /ˈæf(ˌ)ɡɑːn/ /ˈæfɡən/ /ˈæfˌɡæn/ n
afganî
A person from Afghanistan.

Afghan Hound /ˌæfɡæn ˈhau̯nd/ n
afganî
A sighthound bred in Afghanistan to hunt hare and gazelle.

Afghanistan /æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstæn/ /æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstɑːn/ /æfˈɡɑːn.ɪˌstɑːn/ pn
Efxanistan Afganistan
A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia. Official name: Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. Capital and largest city: Kabul.

Africa /ɛfrɨkə/ /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kə/ pn
Afrîka Efrîqa
The continent that is south of Europe, east of the Atlantic Ocean, west of the Indian Ocean and north of Antarctica.

African /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kən/ adj
efrîqî
Of or pertaining to Africa.

African /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kən/ n
efrîqî
A native of Africa; also one ethnologically belonging to an African race.

Afrikaans /ˌɑːfɹɪˈkɑːnz/ pn
Efrîqî afrîkansî
A Germanic language descending from Dutch; the primary language of the descendants of Dutch and other European settlers, as well as many mixed-race (e.g. Rehoboth Basters) living in South Africa and in Namibia. Also, one of the eleven official languages of South Africa and until 1990 one of three official languages of Namibia.

Albania /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ə/ /ɔːlˈbeɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Elbanya
A country in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Albania. Capital and largest city: Tirana.

Albanian /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ən/ adj
elbanî
Of, from, or pertaining to Albania, the Albanian people or the Albanian language.

Albanian /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ən/ n
Elbanî elbanî
A person from Albania or of Albanian descent.

Albanian /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ən/ pn
Elbanî elbanî
The languages spoken by the Albanian people, primarily spoken in Albania and Kosovo. (ISO 639 language codes: sq/sqi/alb (Albanian), als (Tosk), aln (Gheg), aat (Arvanitika), aae (Arbëresh).)

Aleppo /əˈlɛpoʊ/ /əˈlɛpəʊ/ pn
Heleb
The capital city of Aleppo Governorate, Syria

Alevism n
elewîtî
The doctrines of the Alevi Muslim denomination.

Alexander /ˌalɪɡˈzɑːndə/ /ˌælɪɡˈzændɚ/ [ˌælɪɡˈzeəndə] [ˌælɪɡˈzeəndɚ] pn
Skender
A en given name, most famously held by Alexander the Great.

Algeria /ælˈdʒɪəɹiə/ /ælˈdʒɪɹiə/ pn
جه‌زایر Cezayir
A country in North Africa. Official name: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Capital and largest city: Algiers.

Algerian /ælˈd͡ʒɪɹi.ən/ adj
جه‌زایر
Of, from, or pertaining to Algeria or the Algerian people.

Algiers /ælˈdʒɪə(ɹ)z/ /ælˈd͡ʒiɹz/ pn
Cezayir
The capital and largest city of Algeria.

Allah /əˈlɑː/ /ˈæ.lə/ /ˈɑːlɑː/ /ˈɑːlə/ /ˌɑːˈlɑː/ pn
Xweda
God, in Islamic or Arabic contexts

Alpes-de-Haute-Provence pn
Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
One of the départements in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. Capital: Digne-les-Bains (INSEE code 04).

Alps /ælps/ pn
Alp
(usually, with "the") A mountain range in Western Europe, running from France to Slovenia, the highest peak of which is Mont Blanc, at 4808 metres.

Amazon /-ɒn/ /ˈæm.ə.zɔn/ /ˈæm.ə.zən/ /ˈæm.əˌzɑn/ /ˈɛm.ə.zɔn/ pn
Amazon
(sometimes, attributive) A region including much of this river; specifically, the region of the Amazon Rainforest, or of the Amazon River Basin.

American football n
gogpiya emerîkî
A game similar to rugby football played on a field of 100 yards long and 53 1/3 yards wide (with two 10 yard-long endzones) in which two teams of 11 players attempt to get an ovoid ball into each other's territory.

Americas /əˈmɛɹəkəz/ pn
Emerîka
North America and South America taken together; that is, North America, Central America, and South America taken together.

Amharic /æmˈhæɹɪk/ pn
amharî
A Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia.

Amsterdam /ˈæmstəɹˌdæm/ /ˌæmstəˈdæm/ pn
Amsterdam
A city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands; capital city of the Netherlands.

Anatolia /ˌænəˈtəʊli.ə/ pn
Anatoliya
A peninsula in Western Asia, comprising most of the modern Republic of Turkey. Bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Armenian Highland to the east, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and the Aegean Sea to the west.

Andalusia /ˌændəluːˈsiːə/ /ˌændəˈluːsi.ə/ /ˌændəˈluːzi.ə/ /ˌændəˈluːʃə/ /ˌændəˈluːʒə/ pn
Endulus
The most populated and second largest of the seventeen autonomous communities that constitute Spain, whose capital is Seville.

Andes /ˈæn.diːz/ pn
And
A mountain range in western South America.

Andorra /ænˈdoɹ.ə/ /ænˈdɔː.ɹə/ [ænˈdo̞ɹ.ə] pn
Andorra
A microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France. Official name: Principality of Andorra. Capital and largest city: Andorra la Vella.

Andorra la Vella /ænˈdɔː.ɹə lə ˈveɪl.jə/ /ˈveɪ.ə/ /ˈvɛl.jə/ pn
Andorra la Vella
The capital city of Andorra

Angola /æŋˈɡoʊlə/ /æŋˈɡəʊlə/ n
Angola
Synonym of angora (cat).

Ankara /ˈæŋ.kə.ɹə/ pn
Enqere
The capital city of Turkey.

Antigua and Barbuda /ænˌti.ɡ(w)ə ənd bɑɹˈbju.də/ /ænˌtiː.ɡə ən(d) bɑːˈbjuː.də/ pn
Antigûa û Berbûda
A country in the Caribbean, consisting of the islands of Antigua and Barbuda.

Antwerp /ˈæn.twɝp/ pn
ئانڤهرس
A province of Flanders, Belgium, the most populous.
The second-largest city in Belgium, and the capital of its province.

April /ˈeɪ.pɹaɪl/ /ˈeɪ.pɹəl/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪl/ pn
avrêl Nîsan
The fourth month of the Gregorian calendar, following March and preceding May. Abbreviation: Apr or Apr.

Aquarius /əˈkwɛə.ɹɪ.əs/ /əˈkwɛɚ.i.əs/ n
akwaryûm
Someone with an Aquarius star sign

Arab /ˈeɪ.ɹæb/ /ˈæɹ.əb/ /ˈɛɹ.əb/ adj
erebî
Of or pertaining to Arabs and their nations.

Arab /ˈeɪ.ɹæb/ /ˈæɹ.əb/ /ˈɛɹ.əb/ n
Erebî
A Semitic person, whose forebears were from the Arabian Peninsula
erebî
An Arabian horse.

Arab Republic of Egypt pn
کۆماری میسڕی عەرەبی
The official name of the country of Egypt.

Arabian Peninsula pn
Nîvgirava Erebistanê
A peninsula in the Middle East, bordered by Jordan, the Syrian desert and Iraq to the north, the Persian Gulf to the northeast, the Gulf of Oman to the east, the Arabian Sea (part of the Indian Ocean) to the south (southeast), the Gulf of Aden to the south, the Red Sea to the west (southwest) extending north into the Gulf of Aqaba, and north along the Red Sea Rift to the Mediterranean Sea on the west (northwest). It consists mainly of Saudi Arabia, and may be geologically defined as the Arabian plate, also as the Arabian subcontinent.

Arabic /ˈæɹ.ə.bɪk/ /ˈɛɹ.ə.bɪk/ adj
erebî
Of, from, or pertaining to Arab countries or cultural behaviour (see also Arab as an adjective).

Arabic /ˈæɹ.ə.bɪk/ /ˈɛɹ.ə.bɪk/ pn
erebî
The Aramaic-derived alphabet used to write the Arabic, Persian, Pashto, Urdu, and Uyghur languages, among others.

Aragonese /ˌærəɡɒˈniːz/ pn
aragonî
The language of Aragon, nowadays only spoken as a mother tongue by a few thousand people in some valleys of the Pyrenees.

Arbil pn
Hewlêr
A city in Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq

Archimedes /ɐ.ˈkɪ.mi.diːz/ /ˌɑɹ.kəˈmiː.diːz/ /ˌɑːkɪˈmiːdiːz/ /ˌɑːɹkɪˈmiːdiːz/ pn
Arşîmed
An Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist and engineer (c. 287–212 BCE).

Arctic /ˈɑɹ(k)tɪk/ /ˈɑː(k)tɪk/ pn
Okyanûsa Arktîk
(geography) The region of the Earth above the Arctic Circle, containing the North Pole. [from 17th c.]

Arctic Ocean pn
Okyanûsa Arktîk
The smallest of the five oceans of the Earth, on and around the North Pole, bordered by the three continents of Asia, Europe and North America.

Argentina /ˌɑɹ.d͡ʒən.ˈti.nə/ /ˌɑː.d͡ʒən.ˈtiː.nə/ pn
Arjantîn
A country in South America. Official name: Argentine Republic. Capital: Buenos Aires.

Argentine /ˈɑː.dʒən.taɪn/ /ˈɑː.dʒən.tiːn/ n
Arjantîn
A citizen or descendant abroad of Argentina.
(dance) Short for Argentine tango.

Aries /ˈɛə.ɹiːz/ /ˈɛɚ.iz/ pn
Beran
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the ram, ruled by Mars and covering March 20 – April 20 (tropical astrology) or April 15 – May 15 (sidereal astrology).

Armenia /ɑɹˈmi.ni.ə/ /ɑːˈmiː.ni.ə/ pn
Ermenistan
(historical) Ancient kingdom in the Armenian Highland southeast of Black Sea and southwest of Caspian Sea; area now divided between Turkey, Republic of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Iran.

Armenian /ɑɹˈmini.ən/ /ɑːˈmiːni.ən/ pn
ermenî
(uncountable) A branch of Indo-European languages, which includes the various stages of the Armenian language.

Armenian cucumber n
tirozî
Cucumis melo var. flexuosus, a long, slender variety of muskmelon which resembles a cucumber in taste and inner appearance.

Aromanian /æɹoʊˈmeɪniən/ /æɹəʊˈmeɪnɪən/ adj
arûmanî
Of, from, or pertaining to the Aromanian people or the Aromanian language.

Aromanian /æɹoʊˈmeɪniən/ /æɹəʊˈmeɪnɪən/ pn
arûmanî
An endangered Eastern Romance language spoken mainly in Greece, but also in Albania, North Macedonia, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia and relatively intelligible with Romanian and Megleno-Romanian.

Asia /ˈeɪ.ʃja/ /ˈeɪ.ʃə/ /ˈeɪ.ʒə/ /ˈeː.ʃja/ pn
Asya ئاسیا
A continent located east of Europe (typically delimited by the Urals), west of the Pacific Ocean, north of Oceania and south of the Arctic Ocean.

Asian /ˈeɪʃən/ /ˈeɪʒən/ adj
Asya
Of, relating to or from Asia.

Asian /ˈeɪʃən/ /ˈeɪʒən/ n
asyayî
(UK, Ireland, South Africa) A person from or with ancestry in South Asia.
(US, Canada, Australia, NZ, also International English on the Internet) A person from or with ancestry in East or Southeast Asia, occasionally South Asia.
A person from the continent of Asia, or a descendant thereof - especially:

Athena /əˈθiːnə/ pn
Atîna
(Greek god) The goddess of wisdom, especially strategic warfare, the arts, and especially crafts, in particular, weaving; daughter of Zeus and Metis. Her Roman counterpart is Minerva.

Atlantic Ocean /ətˈlæntɪk ˈoʊʃən/ pn
Okyanûsa Atlantîk
The ocean lying between the Americas to the west and Europe and Africa to the east.

Atomic Age /əˈtɑːmɪk ˌeɪd͡ʒ/ /əˈtɒmɪk ˌeɪd͡ʒ/ pn
serdema atomê
The era, starting in the mid-1940s, during which nuclear energy was developed, and in which it was thought that all energy would be provided by such sources.

August /ˈɑ.ɡəst/ /ˈɔ.ɡəst/ /ˈɔ.ɡɪst/ /ˈɔː.ɡəst/ pn
gilavêj
The eighth month of the Roman, Julian, and Gregorian calendars, following July and preceding September.

Augustus /ɔːˈɡʌstəs/ /əˈɡʌstəs/ pn
gelawêj
The Roman emperor Augustus, also called Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (63 B.C.E. – 14 C.E.); heir to Julius Caesar

Australia /-ɹe.jə/ /-ɹeɪl-/ /-ɹɛl-/ /ɑˈstɹɛ.li.ə/ /ɑˈstɹɛl.jə/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.li.jə/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.liː.ə/ /ɒˈstɹeɪl.jə/ /ɔˈstɹɛ.li.ə/ /ɔˈstɹɛl.jə/ /ɔːˈstɹeɪ.lɪ.jə/ /ɔːˈstɹeɪ.lɪ.ə/ /əˈstɹeɪl.jə/ /əˈstɹæɪ.jə/ /əˈstɹæɪ.liː.ə/ /əˈstɹæɪl.jə/ /əˈstɹɛ.liː.ə/ pn
Awustralya
A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as its precursor colony in the British Empire. Official name: Commonwealth of Australia. Capital: Canberra.
(geology) A continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands. New Guinea and the intervening islands are also on the Australian tectonic plate and are thus geologically considered part of the continent.

Austria /ˈɑs.tɹi.ə/ /ˈɒs.tɹɪə/ /ˈɔs.tɹi.ə/ /ˈɔːs.tɹɪə/ pn
Awistirya Nemsa
A country in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Austria. Capital and largest city: Vienna.

Austrian /ˈɑ.stɹi.ən/ /ˈɒs.tɹi.ən/ /ˈɔs.tɹi.ən/ n
Otrîşî
A person from Austria or of Austrian descent.

Avestan /əˈvɛst(ə)n/ pn
avestayî
An ancient Eastern Old Iranian language that was used to compose the sacred hymns and canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta.

Avignon /ˈævɪnjɒn/ pn
Avignon
A city, the capital of the Vaucluse department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France.

Axis power n
dingil
(chiefly, in the plural) A country in the alliance (in effect before and during World War II) of Nazi Germany, fascist Italy, imperial Japan, and a few other countries, which opposed the Allies.

Aymara /ˌaɪməˈɹɑː/ pn
aymara
A language spoken in South America.

Azerbaijan /ə.ˈzɛː(ɹ).baɪˌdʒɑːn/ /ə.ˈzɛː(ɹ).baɪˌʒɑːn/ /ˌæz.ə(ɹ).baɪˈdʒɑːn/ /ˌæz.ə(ɹ).baɪˈʒɑːn/ pn
Azerbeycan
A country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe. Official name: Republic of Azerbaijan. Capital: Baku.

Azerbaijani /ˌæzəbaɪˈdʒɑːni/ /ˌæzəɹbaɪˈd͡ʒɑːni/ adj
Azerbeycan
Of, from, or pertaining to Azerbaijan, the Azerbaijani people or the Azerbaijani language.

Azerbaijani /ˌæzəbaɪˈdʒɑːni/ /ˌæzəɹbaɪˈd͡ʒɑːni/ pn
Azırbaicani
The language of Azerbaijan.

Bactrian camel /ˈbæktɹɪən ˈkæməl/ n
hêştir
The camel with two humps, Camelus bactrianus, native to the steppes of Asia.

Baghdad /bæɡˈdæd/ /ˈbæɡdæd/ pn
Bexda
The capital city of Iraq.

Bahamas /bəˈhɑː.məz/ pn
Bahama
An archipelago and country in the Caribbean. Official name: Commonwealth of The Bahamas.

Bahrain /bɑː(h)ˈɹeɪn/ pn
Behreyn
An archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf. Official name: Kingdom of Bahrain. Capital: Manama.

Balearic Islands pn
Giravên Balear
A group of Mediterranean islands of the east coast of Spain, formed by Majorca, Minorca, Ibiza, and Formentera.

Balochistan pn
Belûçistan
A region on the Iranian plateau in south-western Asia, northwest of the Arabian Sea, dominated by desert and mountains, composed of southwestern Pakistan, southeastern Iran and a strip of southwestern Afghanistan; inhabited by the Baloch people.
A province of Pakistan. Capital: Quetta.

Baltic /ˈbɑl.tɪk/ /ˈbɔl.tɪk/ /ˈbɔːl.tɪk/ adj
Deryaya Baltik
Of or pertaining to the Baltic region or the Baltic Sea.

Baltic /ˈbɑl.tɪk/ /ˈbɔl.tɪk/ /ˈbɔːl.tɪk/ pn
Deryaya Baltik
The areas on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea; the Baltic states

Baltic Sea pn
Deryaya Baltik
A sea in northern Europe, connected to the Atlantic.

Bangkok /bæŋˈkɒk/ pn
Bangkok
(exonym) The capital city of Thailand.

Bangladesh /ˌbæŋ.ɡlə.ˈdɛʃ/ /ˌbɑːŋ.ɡlə.ˈdɛʃ/ pn
Bangladeş
A country in South Asia. Official name: People's Republic of Bangladesh. Capital: Dhaka.

Barbados /bɑɹˈbeɪ.doʊs/ /bɑɹˈbeɪ.doʊz/ /bɑɹˈbeɪ.dəs/ /bɑː(ɹ)ˈbeɪ.dɒs/ pn
Barbados
An island and country in the Caribbean.

Barcelona /ˌbɑɹsəˈloʊnə/ /ˌbɑɹsɪˈloʊnə/ /ˌbɑːsəˈləʊnə/ pn
Barselona
The capital city of Catalonia, Spain.

Bashkir /bæʃˈkɪə/ /bɑːʃˈkɪɚ/ pn
başkîrî
A Turkic language with many dialects, spoken in parts of Russia, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan.

Basque /bæsk/ /bɑːsk/ pn
baskî
The language of the Basque people.

Bass Strait pn
tengava Bass
A strait between Australia and Tasmania.

Baumkuchen /ˈbaʊmˌkuːxən/ n
masûle
A kind of layer cake, traditionally baked on a spit, in which the layers resemble concentric tree rings.

Bavaria /bəˈveəɹɪə/ pn
Bayern
One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation, which includes the historical Bavaria and parts of Swabia and Franconia.

Beast pn
ajal
(biblical) A figure in the Book of Revelation (Apocalypse), often identified with Satan or the Antichrist.

Beijing /beɪˈd͡ʒɪŋ/ /beɪˈʒɪŋ/ /ˌbeɪˈd͡ʒɪŋ/ /ˌbeɪˈʒɪŋ/ pn
Beijing
A direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China. [from c. 1958]
(metonymy) The government of the People's Republic of China. [from late 20th c.]

Beirut /beɪˈɹuːt/ pn
Bêrût
The capital and largest city of Lebanon.

Bektashi adj
bektaşî

Bektashism pn
bektaşîtî

Belarus /ˈbɛ.lɑ.ɹus/ /ˈbɛləɹuːs/ /ˌbɛ.ləˈɹus/ /ˌbɛ.ləˈɹuːs/ pn
Belarûs
A country in Eastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Belarus. Capital and largest city: Minsk.

Belarusian /ˌbɛləˈɹuːsi.ən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹuːʃən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹuːʒən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹʌʃən/ adj
belarusî
Of, from, or pertaining to Belarus, the Belarusian people.

Belarusian /ˌbɛləˈɹuːsi.ən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹuːʃən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹuːʒən/ /ˌbɛləˈɹʌʃən/ n
belarusî
(uncountable) The Slavic language spoken in Belarus (formerly called White Ruthenia or White Russia).
(countable) A citizen of Belarus.

Belgian /ˈbɛl.d͡ʒən/ [ˈbɛl.ɡi.ən] adj
[[به‌لجیکا]]
Of, from, or pertaining to Belgium or the Belgian people.

Belgium /ˈbɛld͡ʒəm/ pn
Belçîka
A country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France. Official name: Kingdom of Belgium. Capital and largest city: Brussels.

Belize /beɪlˈiːz/ /bəˈliːz/ /bɛlˈiːz/ pn
Belîze
An English-speaking country in Central America, formerly called British Honduras.

Bengali /bɛŋˈɡɑli/ /bɛŋˈɡɔːli/ n
bengalî
(uncountable) A language spoken in Bangladesh and the states of Assam, Tripura and West Bengal, India.

Benin /bəˈnin/ /bəˈnɪn/ /bɛˈniːn/ /bɛˈnɪn/ pn
Bênîn
A country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey.

Beowulf /ˈbeɪoʊwʊlf/ /ˈbeɪəwʊlf/ pn
Beowulf
An Old English epic poem written circa 1025.

Berlin /bəˈlɪn/ /bɛə̯ˈlɪn/ /bɜːˈlɪn/ /ˈbɜː.lɪn/ /ˈbɝ.lɪn/ [bɚˈlɪn] pn
Berlîn
The capital and largest city of Germany.
A state of Germany containing the capital city.

Berlin Wall /bɜːˈlɪn wɔːl/ /bɝˈlɪn wɔl/ /ˈbɜː-/ /ˈbɝ-/ pn
hêta Berlînê
(history) A wall that parted the city of Berlin until 1989, constructed by the German Democratic Republic to keep East Germans from escaping to West Berlin.

Berliner /bəˈlɪnə/ /bɚˈlɪnɚ/ n
abon
A doughnut (donut) with a sweet filling.

Bhutan /buːˈtæn/ /buːˈtɑːn/ pn
Bûtan
A country in South Asia, in the Himalayas. Official name: Kingdom of Bhutan. Capital: Thimphu.

Bible /ˈbaɪbəl/ pn
Încîl
The Jewish holy book that was largely incorporated into the Christian Bible.

Bigfoot /ˈbɪɡˌfʊt/ n
gurê manco
(US, Canada, cryptozoology, folklore) Bigfoot as a species, as opposed to an individual creature.

Bishkek /bɪʃˈkɛk/ pn
Bîşkek
The capital city of Kyrgyzstan.

Black Sea pn
Derya Reş
An inland sea bound by Southeastern Europe in the west, Eastern Europe in the north and northeast, and Turkey in the south.

Bob's your uncle phraseologicalUnit
ئاماده
(UK, Commonwealth, Hong Kong, idiomatic) "No problem", "the solution is simple", "there you have it", "It's that easy", "you have what you want", "all will be well": indicates a desirable conclusion has been reached with ease.

Bohemia /boʊˈhimiə/ pn
Bohemya
A region in the west of the former Czechoslovakia and present-day Czech Republic.

Bolivia /boʊ.ˈlɪv.i.ə/ /bə.ˈlɪv.i.ə/ pn
Bolîvya
A country in South America. Official name: Plurinational State of Bolivia. Capitals: La Paz and Sucre.

Bonifacio /bəʊniːˈfɑːtʃəʊ/ /ˌboʊniˈfɑːʃoʊ/ pn
Bonifacio
A city and commune of the Corse-du-Sud department, Corsica, France.

Bosnia and Herzegovina /-hɜɹ.t͡sɪˈɡoʊ.vɪn.ə/ /-ənd/ /ˈbɒz.ni.ə ænd ˌhɜɹ.t͡sɪ.ɡoʊˈviː.nə/ pn
Bosna-Hersek
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Bosnia and Herzegovina. Capital and largest city: Sarajevo. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992.

Bothnian Sea pn
Deryaya Botnî
The southern part of the Gulf of Bothnia.

Botswana /bɑːtˈswɑːnə/ /bɒtˈswɑːnə/ pn
Botswana
The Republic of Botswana, since 1966

Boötes /boʊˈoʊtiːz/ pn
Gavan
(constellation) A circumpolar constellation of the northern sky, called the “bear-guard” or the “herdsman”. It includes the fourth-brightest star in the night sky, Arcturus.

Brandenburg pn
Brandenburg
A state in the northeast of Germany.
A home rule city, the county seat of Meade County, Kentucky, United States.

Brazil /bɹə.ˈzɪl/ [-ˈzɪɫ] pn
Brazîl
A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America. Official name: Federative Republic of Brazil. Capital: Brasília.

Breton /ˈbɹɛtən/ n
bretonek
(uncountable) The Celtic language of Brittany.

Britain /ˈbɹɪt.ən/ [ˈbɹɪt.n̩] [ˈbɹɪɾ.ᵊn̩] [ˈbɹɪʔ.ᵊn̩] pn
Brîtanya
England, Scotland and Wales in combination.

British /ˈbɹɪtɪʃ/ [ˈbɹɪɾɪʃ] [ˈbɹɪʔɪʃ] adj
inglîzî
(historical) Of the ancient inhabitants of the southern part of Britain; Brythonic.

British /ˈbɹɪtɪʃ/ [ˈbɹɪɾɪʃ] [ˈbɹɪʔɪʃ] n
inglîzî
The residents or inhabitants of Great Britain.
The citizens or inhabitants of the United Kingdom.

British English n
inglîzî
The English language as written and spoken in the United Kingdom (in contrast with other places, particularly other countries where English is predominant or at least an important language)

Brittany /ˈbɹɪ.tə.ni/ pn
Bretanya
An administrative region, historical province, and peninsula in northwest France. [from 15th c.]

Brunei /bɹuːˈnaɪ/ pn
Brûney
A country in Southeast Asia. Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan.

Brussels /ˈbɹʌsəlz/ pn
Bruksel
The capital city of Belgium.

Brussels sprout n
kelemê Brukselê
(chiefly, in the plural) The green vegetable Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera, a cabbage variety native to Belgium.

Buddhism /ˈbu.dɪ.zəm/ /ˈbʊ.dɪ.zəm/ n
budîzm
The religion or philosophy derived from the teachings of Gautama Buddha.

Bulgaria /bʊlˈɡɛɹ.i.ə/ /bʌlˈɡɛə.ɹi.ə/ /bʌlˈɡɛɹ.i.ə/ pn
Bulgaristan
A country in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Bulgaria. Capital and largest city: Sofia.

Bulgarian /bʊlˈɡɑɹi.ən/ /bʊlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ /bʌlˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/ /bʌlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ adj
bulgarî
Relating to Bulgaria, its people, or the Bulgarian language.

Bulgarian /bʊlˈɡɑɹi.ən/ /bʊlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ /bʌlˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/ /bʌlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ n
bulgarî
(uncountable) The official language of Bulgaria.

Burkina Faso /bəɹˈkiːnə ˈfɑsoʊ/ pn
Burkîna Faso
A country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta. Official name: Burkina Faso.

Burma /ˈbɜːmə/ /ˈbɝmə/ pn
Bîrmanya
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Capital: Naypyidaw. Officially known as Myanmar.

Burundi /bʊˈɹʊndi/ pn
Burundî
A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of Burundi.

Caelus pn
Ûranûs
(Roman god) The personification of the sky and heavens. Either the brother-husband or son-&-husband of Terra, with whom he fathered the Titans and the Cyclops. He is the Roman counterpart of Uranus.

Cairo /keɪɹoʊ/ /kɛɹoʊ/ /ˈkaɪɹoʊ/ pn
Qahîre
The capital city of Egypt.
A governorate of Egypt, containing the capital city.

Cambodia [kæmˈboʊdi.ə] pn
Kembodja
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Kingdom of Cambodia. Capital: Phnom Penh. Former name: Kampuchea.

Cameroon /kæməˈɹuːn/ pn
Kamerûn کامیرۆن
A country in Central Africa. Official name: Republic of Cameroon. Capital: Yaoundé. It also claims Ambazonia.

Canada /ˈkænədə/ [kʰeənədə] [kʰɛəɾ̃əɾə] pn
Kanada
A country in North America.

Canadian /kə.ˈneɪ.di.ən/ [kʰə.ˈneɪ.ɾi.ən] adj
[[که‌نه‌دا]]
Of, belonging to, or relating to Canada, its culture, or people.

Canadian /kə.ˈneɪ.di.ən/ [kʰə.ˈneɪ.ɾi.ən] n
kanadî
A native or inhabitant of Canada.
(sports, informal) Canadian national championship.
(sports) canoe (short for Canadian canoe, as opposed to kayak)

Canary Islands /kəˈnɛəɹi ˌaɪləndz/ pn
Giravên Qenariyê
An archipelago off the coast of northwestern Africa, near Morocco and belonging to Spain as an autonomous community.

Cancer /ˈkænsə/ /ˈkænsɚ/ n
kevjal
Someone with a Cancer star sign.

Cape Verde /keɪp ˈvɝd/ /keɪp ˈvɝdi/ pn
Kap Verde
An archipelago and country in West Africa. Official name: Republic of Cabo Verde.

Caribbean /kəˈɹɪbiən/ /ˌkæɹɪˈbiːən/ pn
Karîbîk
The countries that occupy the region of the western Atlantic bounded by South America, Central America, and the islands of the West Indies (such as Cuba, Hispaniola, and the Bahamas)

Carthage /ˈkɑɹθɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑːθɪdʒ/ pn
Kartaca
(historical) An ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia. [16th cent.]

Catalan /ˈkæ.tə.lən/ /ˈkæ.tə.ˌlæn/ pn
katalanî
The Romance language of Catalonia, an autonomous region in the northeast of Spain, also spoken in the Valencian autonomous region (where the language is officially named valencià), the Balearic Islands, Andorra, Roussillon in France, and the Sardinian city of Alghero.

Catalan Countries pn
Katalonya
A name given to the country that will be formed in a hypothetical and independent political union of all Catalan-speaking regions.

Catalonia /ˌkæt.əˈləʊn.i.ə/ pn
Katalonya
An autonomous community of Spain.

Caucasian /-ʃən/ /kɑˈkeɪ.ʒən/ /kɔˈkeɪ.ʒən/ /kɔːˈkeɪ.zɪ.ən/ /kɔːˈkeɪ.ʒən/ n
sipî
(anthropology, dated) A member of the Caucasian racial classification (adjective sense 2).

Caucasus /ˈkɔːkəsəs/ pn
Qefkasya
(geopolitical) A geopolitical region in Eastern Europe and Western Asia, deriving its name from the aforementioned mountains.

Central African Republic /ˈsɛntɹəl ˈæfɹɪkən ɹɪˈpʌblɪk/ pn
Komara Afrîkaya Navend
A country in Central Africa.

Central Europe /ˈsɛntɹəl ˈjʊəɹəp/ /ˈsɛntɹəl ˈjʊɹəp/ pn
Ewropaya Navendî
A geographic region in the center of Europe, usually including Austria, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia and Germany.

Chad /t͡ʃæd/ pn
Çad
A country in Central Africa. Official name: Republic of Chad.
Lake Chad (a freshwater lake at the junction of Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon in Central Africa).

Charlemagne /ˈʃɑɹləˌmeɪn/ /ˈʃɑːləˌmeɪn/ /ˈʃɑːɹləmeɪn/ /ˌʃɑːrləˈmeɪn/ pn
Şarlimayn
One of the kings of the Franks from 768 to 814, crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 800 until his death in 814.

Chile /ˈt͡ʃileɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃilɛ/ /ˈt͡ʃiː.leɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃɪl.e/ /ˈt͡ʃɪli/ pn
Şîle
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Chile. Capital and largest city: Santiago.

China /ˈt͡ʃaɪnə/ [ˈt͡ʃ(ʰ)aɪ̯nə] pn
Çîn
A nation or civilization occupying the country around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers in East Asia, taken as a whole under its various dynasties.

Chinese /t͡ʃaɪˈniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪˌniz/ /ˈt͡ʃʌɪˌniz/ /ˌt͡ʃaɪˈniz/ /ˌt͡ʃʌɪˈniz/ [ˈt͡ʃəɪˌniˑz] [ˌt͡ʃəɪˈniːz] adj
Çînî
Of, from, or related to a language native to Han Chinese persons, often used generally of Chinese characters or particularly to refer to Standard Mandarin.

Chinese /t͡ʃaɪˈniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪˌniz/ /ˈt͡ʃʌɪˌniz/ /ˌt͡ʃaɪˈniz/ /ˌt͡ʃʌɪˈniz/ [ˈt͡ʃəɪˌniˑz] [ˌt͡ʃəɪˈniːz] n
Çînî
(countable, chiefly, in the plural) A person/people from China or of Chinese descent.

Chinese /t͡ʃaɪˈniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪˌniz/ /ˈt͡ʃʌɪˌniz/ /ˌt͡ʃaɪˈniz/ /ˌt͡ʃʌɪˈniz/ [ˈt͡ʃəɪˌniˑz] [ˌt͡ʃəɪˈniːz] pn
Çînî
(uncountable, collective) The citizens of China, particularly citizens of the People's Republic of China.
(uncountable) The branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family including Mandarin, Cantonese, Shanghainese, Southern Min, and other closely related language varieties and dialects.

Chișinău /ˌkɪʃɪˈnaʊ/ pn
Kîşînow
A municipality, the capital city of Moldova.

Christian /ˈkɹɪstiən/ /ˈkɹɪst͡ʃən/ /ˈkɹɪʃt͡ʃən/ n
xirîstî
(obsolete, England) A European, especially though not necessarily of the Christian religion.

Christianity /ˌkɹɪstiˈænɪti/ /ˌkɹɪst͡ʃiˈænɪti/ pn
xirîstiyanî
An Abrahamic religion originating from the community of the followers of Jesus Christ.

Christmas /ˈkɹɪsməs/ pn
Kurmanji Cejna rojbûna İsa
(originally, Christianity) A festival or holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ and incorporating various Christian, pre-Christian, pagan, and secular customs, which in Western Christianity is celebrated on December 25 (Christmas Day) in most places.

Chuvash /t͡ʃʊˈvɑːʃ/ pn
zimanê çuvaşî
An agglutinative language of the Bolgar branch of the Turkic language family and is spoken west of the Ural mountains in central Russia. Chuvash is the native language of the Chuvash people and an official language of Chuvashia. It is spoken by about two million people.

Clytemnestra /ˌklaɪtəmˈnɛstɹə/ /ˌklaɪtɪmˈnɛstɹə/ pn
Klîtemnêstra
(Greek mythology) wife of Agamemnon, whom she killed after the Trojan War, whereupon was killed herself by their son Orestes

Cold War /ˌkoʊld ˈwɔɹ/ /ˌkəʊld ˈwɔː/ pn
şerê sar
(historical) The period of hostility short of open war between the Soviet Bloc and the Western powers, especially the United States, between 1945 and 1991.

Cologne /kəˈloʊn/ pn
Köln
The largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany, on the Rhine River.

Comoros /ˈkɒm.ə.ɹoʊz/ pn
Komor
A country and group of islands in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa. Official name: Union of the Comoros.

Copenhagen /ˈkoʊpənˌheɪɡən/ /ˈkoʊpənˌhɑɡən/ /ˌkəʊpənˈheɪɡən/ /ˌkəʊpənˈhɑːɡən/ pn
Kopenhag
The capital city of Denmark.

Cornwall /ˈkɔɹn.wɑl/<a:cot-caught> /ˈkɔɹn.wɔl/ /ˈkɔː(ɹ)n.wəl/ pn
Cornwall
The country of the Cornish, currently having the status of a royal duchy in England belonging to the male heir apparent to the reigning monarch, and consisting at least of the Cornwall County and the Isles of Scilly.
The westernmost of the three historical counties of Jamaica, bordered by the county of Middlesex in the east; named for the English county.

Costa Rica /ˌkoʊ.stə ˈɹi.kə/ /ˌkɑ.stə ˈɹi.kə/ /ˌkɒs.tə ˈɹiː.kə/ pn
Kosta Rîka
A country in Central America. Official name: Republic of Costa Rica.

Council of Europe pn
Konseya Ewropayê
An international organisation focused on protecting human rights, democracy, rule of law in Europe, with headquarters in Strasbourg, France.

Crimea /kɹaɪˈmiːə/ /kɹaɪˈmɪə/ pn
Qirim
Synonym of Crimean peninsula: A peninsula in the Black Sea, Europe, officially part of Ukraine, annexed by Russia. A peninsula which juts southwards out of the Ukrainian mainland (to which it is connected by the Isthmus of Perekop) into the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, separating the Sea of Azov from the Black Sea.
(historical) Synonym of Crimean Khanate: A historical country in Crimean Peninsula, Europe. The Crimean Khanate, which for much of its history controlled most of the Crimean peninsula and various adjacent areas of the mainland.

Crius pn
Beran
(Greek god) A Titan, the son of Uranus and Gaia.

Croatia /-ʃi.ə/ /ˌkɹoʊˈeɪ.ʃə/ /ˌkɹəʊˈeɪ.ʃə/ pn
Hirvatistan
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Croatia. Capital and largest city: Zagreb. Part of Yugoslavia until 1991.

Croatian /ˌkɹoʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɹəʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ pn
xirwatî
A standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Croats.

Crown prosecutor n
dozgêrr
(British, Canadian, Australian) The state prosecutor; the legal party responsible for presenting the case against an individual in a criminal trial.

Cuba /ˈkjuːbə/ [ˈkjuː.bə] [ˈkjʉː.bə] pn
Kûba
A country, and the largest island (based on land area) in the Caribbean. Capital and largest city: Havana.

Cyprus /ˈsaɪ.pɹəs/ pn
Kibris Qubris
An island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia. Official name: Republic of Cyprus. Capital: Nicosia.

Czech /t͡ʃɛk/ adj
Çekî
Of, from, or pertaining to the Czech Republic (Czechia), the Czech people, culture, or language.

Czech /t͡ʃɛk/ pn
Çekî çekî
(uncountable) A Slavic language primarily spoken in the Czech Republic.

Czech Republic /ˈtʃɛk ɹɪˈpʌblɪk/ pn
Komara Çek
A country in Central Europe. Capital and largest city: Prague. Until 1993, part of Czechoslovakia.

Czechia /ˈt͡ʃɛkiə/ pn
Çekistan
A country in Central Europe. Official name: Czech Republic. Capital and largest city: Prague.

Czecho-Slovakia pn
Çekoslovakya
dated form of Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia /ˌtʃɛk.əʊ.sləʊ.ˈvæk.ɪ.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.oʊ.sloʊ.ˈvɑk.i.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.ə.sloʊ.ˈvæk.i.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.ə.sloʊ.ˈvɑk.i.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.ə.sləˈvæk.i.ə/ /ˌt͡ʃɛk.ə.sləˈvɑ.ki.ə/ pn
Çekoslovakya
A former country in central Europe; now the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

Côte d'Ivoire /ˌkoʊt diˈvwɑɹ/ /ˌkəʊt diːˈvwɑː/ pn
Berderya Aç
The Ivory Coast, a country in West Africa.

DNA /ˌdiˌɛnˈeɪ/ /ˌdiːɛnˈeɪ/ n
DNA
(biochemistry, genetics) Initialism of deoxyribonucleic acid (“a nucleic acid found in all living things (and some non-living things such as certain viruses) which consists of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix; encoded in its structure are genetic instructions for development, functioning, growth, and reproduction”).
sirişt
(figuratively) The fundamental nature or values of a person, or an organization or other thing, especially when considered as innate and/or immutable.

Daedalus /ˈdeɪdələs/ /ˈdiːdələs/ /ˈdɛdələs/ pn
Dedalos
(Greek mythology) Greek mythological figure who crafted the waxen wings of Icarus.

Dagestan /ˌdæɡɪˈstæn/ /ˌdæɡɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Daxistan
A republic of Russia, located in the Caucasus region. Capital: Makhachkala

Daltonism /ˈdɔːltənɪzəm/ n
rengkorî
(medicine, pathology) Inability or defective ability to perceive or distinguish certain colors, especially red-green color blindness.

Damascus /dəˈmæskəs/ /dəˈmɑːskəs/ pn
Şam
The capital city of Syria.

Dane /deɪn/ n
Danîmarkî
A person of Danish descent.

Danish /ˈdeɪ.nɪʃ/ adj
Danîmarkî
Of or pertaining to Denmark.

Danish /ˈdeɪ.nɪʃ/ pn
Danîmarkî
The language of Danes and Denmark.

Death pn
Mirin
The personification of death, often a skeleton with a scythe, and one of the four horsemen of the apocalypse.

December /dɪˈsɛm.bɚ/ /dɪˈsɛmbə/ pn
çilêya pêşîn
The twelfth and last month of the Gregorian calendar, following November and preceding the January of the following year, containing the southern solstice.

Denmark /ˈdɛn.mɑɹk/ /ˈdɛn.mɑːk/ pn
Danîmarka
A country in Europe. Official name: Kingdom of Denmark. Capital and largest city: Copenhagen.
A town and local government area (Shire of Denmark) in the Great Southern region, Western Australia.

Djibouti /d͡ʒɪˈbuːtiː/ pn
Cîbûtî
A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of Djibouti.

Dnipro /dniːˈprəʊ/ /niˈpɹoʊ/ /nɪˈpɹoʊ/ /ˈdnɪ.prə/ /ˈni.pɹoʊ/ /ˈnɪ.pɹoʊ/ pn
Dnîpro
A city, administrative centre, and raion of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine, on the river.

Doctor n
cebar
The title of an academic or medical doctor (a person who holds a doctorate); used before or instead of the doctor's name.

Doha /ˈdoʊ.hɑː/ /ˈdəʊ.hɑː/ pn
Doha
The capital and largest city of Qatar.

Dominica /də.ˈmɪ.nɪ.kə/ /ˌdɑ.mɪ.ˈniː.kə/ /ˌdɒ.mɪ.ˈniː.kə/ pn
Komara Domînîk
An island and country in the Caribbean. Official name: Commonwealth of Dominica.

Dominican Republic /doʊˌmɪn.ɪ.kən ɹəˈpʌb.lɪk/ /dɒmˌɪn.ɪ.kən ɹɪˈpʌb.lɪk/ pn
Komara Domînîk
A country in the Caribbean. Capital: Santo Domingo

Don Quixote /dɒn ˈkwɪksəʊt/ /ˌdɑn kiˈhoʊteɪ/ /ˌdɑn kiˈhoʊti/ /ˌdɒn kiːˈhəʊtɪ/ pn
Don Kîşot
A famous 1605–1615 Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes (1547–1616), whose full title is El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha (The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha).

Dublin /ˈdʊbᵊlən/ /ˈdʌblən/ /ˈdʌblɪn/ pn
Dublîn
(metonym) The government of the Republic of Ireland.

Dutch /dʌt͡ʃ/ pn
holendî
The main language of the Netherlands, Flanders (i.e., the northern half of Belgium) and Suriname; Netherlandic.

Dutchman /ˈdʌt͡ʃmən/ n
Holendî
A Dutch man; a man from the Netherlands.

Dutchwoman /dʌt͡ʃˌwʊmən/ n
holendî
A Dutch woman; a woman from the Netherlands.

Dzongkha /ˈdzɒŋkə/ /ˈzɒŋkə/ pn
dzongkha
The national language of Bhutan; Bhutanese.

Earth /ɜːθ/ /ɝθ/ pn
Erd
The third planet of the Solar System; the world upon which humans live.

East /iːst/ pn
rojhilat
The Eastern Bloc; the eastern countries of Europe.

East China Sea pn
Deryaya Çîna Rojhelat
A marginal sea east of China, south of the Korean Peninsula, west of the Ryukyu Islands, and north of Taiwan.

Ecuador /ˈɛk.wə.dɔɹ/ /ˈɛk.wə.dɔː/ pn
Ekuador
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Ecuador. Capital: Quito.

Egypt /ˈiː.d͡ʒɪpt/ pn
Misir
A country in North Africa and Western Asia. Official name: Arab Republic of Egypt. Capital: Cairo.

El Salvador /ɛl ˈsæl.və.dɔɹ/ /ɛl ˈsæl.və.dɔː/ pn
El Salvador
A country in Central America. Official name: Republic of El Salvador.

Elephant pn
فیل
The 105th sura (chapter) of the Quran.

Elfdalian pn
elfdalî
A linguistic variety of the Scandinavian language continuum spoken in the old parish of Övdaln in Sweden.

England /ˈɪŋlənd/ /ˈɪŋɡlənd/ /ˈɪŋɡələnd/ pn
Îngiltere
The kingdom established in southeast Britain by Aethelstan of Wessex in 927 and its various successor states, now the largest and most populous constituent country of the United Kingdom

Englander n
înglîz
A person from England or of English descent.

English /ˈɪŋlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡləʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡəlɪʃ/ adj
Înglîzî
Of or pertaining to the people of England (to Englishmen and Englishwomen).

English /ˈɪŋlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡləʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡəlɪʃ/ n
Înglîzî
(in the plural) The people of England, Englishmen and Englishwomen.

English /ˈɪŋlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡləʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡəlɪʃ/ pn
inglîzî Înglîzî
The language originating in England but now spoken in all parts of the British Isles, the Commonwealth of Nations, North America, and other parts of the world.

Englishman /ˈɪŋ.lɪʃ.mən/ /ˈɪŋ.ɡlɪʃ.mən/ n
înglîz
A native or inhabitant of England; a man who is English by ancestry, birth, descent, or naturalisation. [from 7th c.]

Englishwoman n
inglîz
A female native or inhabitant of England; a woman who is English by birth, descent or naturalisation.

Enlightenment pn
ronahî
A 17th- and 18th-century philosophical movement in European history; the Age of Enlightenment or Age of Reason emphasizing rationalism.

Equatorial Guinea /ˌɛkwəˈtɔːɹiəl ˈɡɪni/ pn
Gîneya Rojbendî
A country in Central Africa. Official name: Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Capital: Malabo.

Eritrea /ˌɛɹɪˈtɹ(e)ɪə/ /ˌɛɹɪˈtɹeɪə/ /ˌɛɹɪˈtɹi.ə/ /ˌɪɹɪˈtɹ(e)ɪə/ /ˌɪɹɪˈtɹeɪə/ pn
Erîtrêya
A country in East Africa, on the Red Sea. Capital: Asmara.

Erythraean /ˌɛɹɪˈθɹi.ən/ pn
Erîtrêya

Estonia /ɛsˈtoʊ.ni.ə/ /ɛsˈtoʊn.jə/ /ɛsˈtəʊ.nɪ.ə/ pn
Estonya
A country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea. Official name: Republic of Estonia.

Estonian adj
Estonya
Of, from, or pertaining to the country of Estonia, its people or their language.

Eswatini /ɛˈswɑː.ti.ni/ /ˌɛ.swɑːˈti.ni/ pn
Eswatînî
A country in Southern Africa, formerly called Swaziland. Official name: Kingdom of Eswatini. Capitals: Mbabane and Lobamba.

Ethernet /ˈiθəɹˌnɛt/ n
Ethernet
A computer network that complies with this set of standards.

Ethiopia /ˌi.θiˈoʊ.pi.ə/ /ˌiː.θiˈəʊ.pɪ.ə/ pn
Etiyopya
A country in East Africa.

Euphrates /juːˈfɹeɪtiːz/ pn
Firat
A river in the Middle East, 2780 kilometers in length, flowing southwest from Turkey, then southeast, and uniting with the Tigris before entering the Persian Gulf. It forms the Western edge of classical Mesopotamia.

Eurasian badger n
kurbeşk
A badger species indigenous to Eurasia, Meles meles.

Eurasian blackbird n
boqijeya reş
A bird of the species Turdus merula

Eurasian blackcap n
abon
Sylvia atricapilla, an Old World warbler.

Eurasian eagle owl n
kundê bor
Bubo bubo, the largest owl, native to almost all of temperate Eurasia.

Eurasian lynx n
werşeq
Lynx lynx, one of the species of lynx.

Eurasian magpie n
qijik
A well-known black-and-white corvid species, Pica pica, of Eurasian distribution.

Eurasian scops owl n
bûm
Otus scops, a small owl.

Eurasian sparrowhawk n
başok
A bird of the species Accipiter nisus

Europa /jʊˈɹoʊpə/ pn
Ewropa
(Greek mythology) Several characters, most notably a Phoenician princess abducted to Crete by Zeus.
(astronomy) A moon of Jupiter.

Europe /ˈjoː.ɹəp/ /ˈjɔː.ɹəp/ /ˈjɝ.əp/ /ˈjʉə.ɹəp/ /ˈjʊə.ɹəp/ /ˈjʊɚ.əp/ pn
Ewropa ئه‌وروپا
The portion of Eurasia west of the Urals, traditionally considered a continent in its own right, located north of Africa, west of Asia and east of the Atlantic Ocean.
A political entity; the European Union.

European /(ˌ)jʊə.ɹəˈpiː.ən/ /(ˌ)jʊə.ɹəˈpɪ.ən/ /ˌjɝ.əˈpi.ən/ /ˌjʊɚ.əˈpi.ən/ adj
ئه‌وروپا
Related to Europe or the European Union.

European Union /ˌjɔːɹəˈpiːən ˈjuːnjən/ /ˌjɝɹəˈpi.ən ˈjunjən/ /ˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən ˈjuːnjən/ /ˌjʊɹəˈpiən ˈjunjən/ pn
Yekîtiya Ewropayê
A supranational organisation, consisting of 27 member states, created in the 1950s to bring the nations of Europe into closer economic and political connection.

European goldfinch n
zengilok
A bird of the species Carduelis carduelis, native to Europe, North Africa and western Asia.

European hedgehog n
ژیژۆک
Erinaceus europaeus, the hedgehog that inhabits much of Western and Central Europe.

European polecat n
gird
Mustela putorius, related to mink and weasels, native to Europe and parts of Asia, and from which certain of the animals called ferrets have been domesticated.

European seabass n
gur
A highly appreciated marine food fish found in the coastal waters of eastern Atlantic from Cape Verde to southern Norway and in the Mediterranean, (Dicentrarchus labrax).

Eve /iːv/ pn
Hawa
(Abrahamism, biblical character) The first woman and mother of the human race; Adam's wife.
A en given name.

Far East pn
Rojhelata Dûr
(dated) East Asia (Korea, Japan, China, the Russian Far East, etc.), and Southeast Asia, taken as a whole.

Faroese /fæɹoʊˈiz/ /ˌfɛ(ə)ɹoʊˈiz/ /ˌfɛəɹəʊˈiːz/ n
ferî
(countable) A person from the Faroe Islands, Faroe Islander or Faeroe Islander

Faroese /fæɹoʊˈiz/ /ˌfɛ(ə)ɹoʊˈiz/ /ˌfɛəɹəʊˈiːz/ pn
ferî
(uncountable) The language of the Faroe Islands, closely related to Icelandic, and more distantly to Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish.

Father n
bab
(Christianity) One of the chief ecclesiastical authorities of the first centuries after Christ.

Father pn
bab
(Wicca) One of the triune gods of the Horned God in Wicca, representing a man, younger than the elderly Sage and older than the boyish Master.

February /j/ /ɹi/ /ɹə.ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.j(ʊ.)ə.ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.juˌɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.ɹuˌɛɹi/ /ˈfɛb.ɹə.ɹi/ /ˈfɛb.ɹʊ.ə.ɹi/ pn
reşemî sibat
The short month following January and preceding March in the Roman, Julian, and Gregorian calendars, used in all three calendars for intercalation or addition of leap days.

Federated States of Micronesia /ˈfɛdəˌɹeɪtɪd ˈsteɪts əv ˌmaɪkɹəˈniːʒə/ pn
Mîkronezya
The official name of Micronesia, a country consisting of about 600 islands in Oceania. Capital: Palikir.

Fiji /fiːˈdʒiː/ /ˈfi.d͡ʒi/ /ˈfiː.dʒiː/ pn
Fîjî
A country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania. Capital and largest city: Suva.

Finland /ˈfɪn.lənd/ pn
Fînlenda Fînlanda
A Nordic country having borders with Sweden, Norway and Russia in Europe. Official name: Republic of Finland.

Finn /ˈfɪn/ n
Fînlandî
A national of Finland.
finî
A member of another Finnic nationality, such as (more narrowly) a Baltic Finn such as a Karelian or Estonian, or (more broadly) a Volga Finn or Perm Finn.

Finnish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ n
fînî Fînlendî
The Finno-Ugric language spoken by the majority of the people living in Finland, one of the two official languages of the country (the other is Swedish).

First World pn
êlek
(historical, politics) Those countries aligned with the West during the Cold War, particularly in contrast to those aligned with the East (Second World).

France /fɹæns/ /fɹɑːns/ pn
Fransa
A country in Western Europe. Official name: French Republic. Capital and largest city: Paris.

Franche-Comté pn
Franche-Comté
(historical) A former region in France; since 2015, part of the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

Francis /ˈfɹænsɪs/ /ˈfɹɑːnsɪs/ pn
frensî
A en given name
(rare) A en given name, .

Francophile /ˈ fɹeɪ̯ŋ.koʊ̯ˌfaɪ̯l/ /ˈ fɹeɪ̯ŋ.kəˌfaɪ̯l/ adj
frensaxwaz
Loving France, the French people, or French culture.

Francophile /ˈ fɹeɪ̯ŋ.koʊ̯ˌfaɪ̯l/ /ˈ fɹeɪ̯ŋ.kəˌfaɪ̯l/ n
frensaxwaz
One who loves France, the French people, or French culture.

French /fɹɛnt͡ʃ/ adj
Ferensî frensî
Of or relating to the people or culture of France.
Of or relating to the French language.

French /fɹɛnt͡ʃ/ pn
Ferensî fransî
(chiefly, _, uncountable) The language of France, shared by the neighboring countries Belgium, Monaco, and Switzerland and by former French colonies around the world.

Frenchman n
Ferensî
A man of French birth or nationality.

Frenchwoman n
Ferensî
A French woman; a woman of French ancestry, descent or citizenship.

Fri n
zêrr
Abbreviation of Friday.

Friday /-di/ /-ˌdi/ /ˈfɹaɪdeɪ/ /ˈfɹaɪˌdeɪ/ n
cume
The sixth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fifth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Muslim “Sabbath”; it follows Thursday and precedes Saturday.

Frisian /ˈfɹiː.ʒən/ /ˈfɹɪz.i.ən/ /ˈfɹɪʒ.ən/ n
frîsî
A member of the Germanic ethnic group which is native to the region of Frisia (which is in the Netherlands, northern Germany, and southern Denmark).

Frisian /ˈfɹiː.ʒən/ /ˈfɹɪz.i.ən/ /ˈfɹɪʒ.ən/ pn
frîsî
(specifically) The West Frisian (or Western Frisian) lect, spoken in the northern Netherlands.
A Germanic language group or language (see Usage notes), or a lect thereof, which descended from Old Frisian, with speakers in the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark.

Friulian /fɹiːuːli(ː)ən/ pn
fûrlanî
A language spoken in Friuli.

Gabon /ɡəˈbɒn/ pn
Gabon
A country in Central Africa. Official name: Gabonese Republic. Capital: Libreville.

Galicia /ɡəˈlɪ.si.ə/ /ɡəˈlɪ.ʃə/ pn
Galîsya
A former Iberian kingdom, now an autonomous region of Spain.
A historical kingdom in Central Europe, now divided between Poland and Ukraine.

Galilee /ˈɡælɪliː/ pn
Celîle
A mountainous geographic region in northern Israel.

Galileo /ˌɡæl.ɪˈleɪ.oʊ/ /ˌɡæl.ɪˈleɪ.əʊ/ /ˌɡæl.ɪˈliː.oʊ/ /ˌɡæl.ɪˈlæɪ.əʉ/ pn
Celîle
Galileo Galilei (1564–1642), an Italian thinker and key figure in the scientific revolution who improved the telescope, made astronomical observations, and put forward the basic principle of relativity in physics.

Gallo pn
galoyî
A Romance language spoken in north-west France, see Gallo language.

Gambia /ˈɡæm.bi.ə/ pn
Gambiya
A country in West Africa. Official name: Republic of The Gambia.

Gaza /ˈɡɑːzə/ pn
Xeze
A city in the Gaza Strip, Palestine, in the Levant.

Gehenna /ɡəˈhɛ.nə/ pn
جه‌هه‌نه‌م
In rabbinical literature and Christian and Islamic scripture, the place where the souls of the wicked go after death, where they suffer eternal damnation or annihilation.

Gemini /ˈd͡ʒɛmɪnaɪ/ /ˈd͡ʒɛmɪniː/ pn
Cêwî
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac traditionally taken to represent the pair of twins Castor and Pollux in Greek mythology. It contains the stars Castor, Pollux, and Alhena.
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the twins, ruled by Mercury and covering May 22 – June 21 (tropical astrology) or June 16 – July 15 (sidereal astrology).

Geneva /d͡ʒəˈniːvə/ pn
Cenevre
A canton of Switzerland.
A city and town in Ontario County, New York, an area of water in the city is in Seneca County.

Genoese /ˌd͡ʒɛnəʊˈiːz/ n
genovîzî
An inhabitant or resident of Genoa.

Georgia /ˈd͡ʒɔɹ.d͡ʒə/ /ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒə/ /ˈd͡ʒɔː.d͡ʒə/ pn
Gurcistan
A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe. Official name: Georgia. Capital: Tbilisi.

Georgian /ˈd͡ʒoːd͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔɹd͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔːd͡ʒən/ adj
gurcî
Of, from, or pertaining to the Eastern European country of Georgia, the Georgian people or the Georgian language.

Georgian /ˈd͡ʒoːd͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔɹd͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔːd͡ʒən/ n
gurcî
(countable) A native or resident of the state of Georgia in the United States of America.

German /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mən/ adj
elmanî Elmanî
Of or relating to the natives or inhabitants of Germany; to people of German descent.

German /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mən/ n
elmanî Elmanî
(countable) A native or inhabitant of Germany; a person of German citizenship or nationality.

German /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mən/ pn
elmanî Elmanî
(uncountable) An Indo-European (Indo-Germanic) language, primarily spoken in Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, South Tyrol, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and a small part of Belgium.
A number of townships in the United States, listed under German Township.

German Democratic Republic pn
Komara Demokratîk a Almanyayê
The official name of East Germany from 1949 until reunification in 1990.

Germanic /d͡ʒɜːˈmæn.ɪk/ /d͡ʒɝˈmæn.ɪk/ adj
alman
Relating to the Germanic peoples (such as Germans, Scandinavians or Anglo-Saxons).
Elmanî
Having German characteristics.

Germany /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mə.ni/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mə.ni/ pn
Elmanya Almanya
A country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany. Official name: Federal Republic of Germany. Capital and largest city: Berlin.

Ghana /ˈɡænə/ /ˈɡɑnə/ /ˈɡɑːnə/ pn
Gana
A country in West Africa. Official name: Republic of Ghana.

Gibraltar /d͡ʒɪˈbɹɒltə(ɹ)/ /d͡ʒɪˈbɹɔːltə(ɹ)/ pn
Gibraltar
A peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia.

Gilgamesh /ˈɡɪl.ɡə.mɛʃ/ pn
Gilgamêş
A semi-legendary king of Uruk, who is the hero of the Babylonian poem Epic of Gilgamesh.

God /ɡɑ(d)/ /ɡɑd/ /ɡɒd/ /ɡɔːd/ n
Yezdan
A being such as a monotheistic God: a single divine creator and ruler of the universe.

God /ɡɑ(d)/ /ɡɑd/ /ɡɒd/ /ɡɔːd/ pn
Elah Xwedê
The single deity of various monotheistic religions, especially the deity of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

God bless you interjection
saxlemî
Said to somebody who has sneezed, as a rhetorical response;

God willing interjection
xwedê hezke
Barring unforeseen circumstances, it is hoped that (while generally also indicating acceptance of God's will).

Good Friday pn
înîya dirêj
(Christianity) The Friday before Easter Sunday, the commemoration of the day on which Christ was crucified.

Goth /ɡɑθ/ /ɡɒθ/ n
perdaq
A member of the East Germanic people known for their invasion of the western Roman Empire and subsequent founding of successor states in Italy and Spain during Late Antiquity.

Gothenburger n
goteborgî
A person from, or an inhabitant of, the Swedish city of Gothenburg.

Granada /ɡɹəˈnɑː.də/ pn
Grenada
A city in Andalusia, Spain.

Great Britain pn
Brîtanya
(geographical) an island and sometimes including some of the surrounding smaller islands) off the north-west coast of Western Europe made up of England, Scotland, and Wales.
Keyaniya Yekbûyî
(historical, or, loosely) The United Kingdom, or its predecessor the Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1801).

Great Dane n
Danîmarkî
A mastiff known for its great size, bred in Germany to hunt boar and large game.

Great Lakes pn
Golên Mezin
A group of five lakes on the United States–Canada border, consisting of Lake Superior, Lake Michigan and Lake Huron (Lake Michigan–Huron), Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.

Greece /ɡɹiːs/ pn
Yewnanistan
A country in Southeast Europe. Official name: Hellenic Republic. Capital and largest city: Athens.

Greek /ɡɹiːk/ adj
yewnanî
Of or relating to Greece, its people, its language, or its culture

Greek /ɡɹiːk/ pn
Yewnanî Yonanî
The language spoken by people of Greece, particularly, depending on context, Ancient Greek or Modern Greek.

Greenland /ˈɡɹiːn.lænd/ /ˈɡɹiːn.lənd/ pn
Grînlenda Gronland
A large self-governing dependent territory of Denmark, in North America.

Greenlander n
gronlandî
A person from Greenland or of Greenlandic descent.

Greenlandic pn
kalaallisut gronlandî
The official language of Greenland, an Eskimo-Aleut language written with the Latin alphabet.

Grenada /ɡɹəˈneɪdə/ pn
Grenada
An island and country in the Caribbean.

Grenoble /ɡɹəˈnoʊbəl/ /ɡɹəˈnəʊbəl/ pn
Grenoble
A commune in the French Alps in Isère department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France.

Grim Reaper /ˈɡɹɪm ˈɹi.pɚ/ /ˈɡɹɪm ˈɹiː.pə/ pn
Mirin
A personification of Death as an old man, or a skeleton, carrying a scythe, taking souls to the afterlife.

Guadeloupe /ɡwɑdə.ˈlʊp/ /ɡwɑːdə.ˈluːp/ /ˌɡwɑːdə.ˈluːp/ pn
Guadeloupe
An archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, including the island of Guadeloupe.

Guatemala /ˌɡwɑː.təˈmɑː.lə/ pn
Gûatemala
A country in Central America. Official name: Republic of Guatemala.

Guatemala City pn
Gûatemala
The capital city of Guatemala.

Guinea /ˈɡɪniː/ pn
Gînê
(historical) The coastal region of West Africa between Morocco and the Congo, particularly the north shore of the Gulf of Guinea.

Guinea-Bissau pn
Gîne-Bissau
A country in West Africa. Official name: Republic of Guinea-Bissau.

Gustavian adj
gustavî

Guyana /ɡaɪˈæn.ə/ /ɡaɪˈɑː.nə/ pn
Guyana
A country in South America. Official name: Co-operative Republic of Guyana. Capital and largest city: Georgetown.

Hades /ˈhadiːz/ /ˈheɪdiːz/ pn
dûjeh
Hell.

Haiti /ˈheɪ.ti/ pn
Haîtî
A country in the Caribbean. Official name: Republic of Haiti.

Hamas /həˈmæs/ /həˈmɑs/ /xəˈmɑs/ pn
Hemas
A militant Palestinianist and Sunni Muslim movement that presses for an independent, Palestinian Islamic state and the Palestinian right of return.

Hamburg /ˈhæmbɜːɡ/ /ˈhæmbɝɡ/ pn
Hamburg
The second largest city in, and a state of, Germany.

Hanover /ˈhænəvə/ /ˈhænˌoʊvɚ/ pn
Hannover
The capital city of Lower Saxony, Germany.

Hawaii /həˈvaɪʔi/ /həˈvɑːʔi/ /həˈwaɪ(j)i/ /həˈwaɪ.i/ /həˈwɑ(j)i/ /həˈwɔ(j)i/ [hʊ̈ˈwaɪ̯(j)i] [hʊ̈ˈwɑ(j)i] [hʊ̈ˈwɔ(j)i] pn
Hawaii
(specifically) An island in Hawaii archipelago, Pacific Ocean, of Hawaii County, State of Hawaii, United States. The largest of the Hawaiian Islands.
(historical) A former kingdom in the Hawaiian Islands, Pacific Ocean

Hawaiian /hə.ˈwaɪ.jən/ /hə.ˈwaɪ.ən/ pn
hawayî
The Hawaiian language.

Hebrew /ˈhiːbɹuː/ adj
îbranî
Of or pertaining to the Hebrew people or language.

Hebrew /ˈhiːbɹuː/ n
îbranî
(uncountable) The Semitic language spoken by the Hebrew people.
(uncountable) The writing system used in Hebrew language.

Hellas pn
Yewnanistan
Greece; (specifically) Ancient Greece.

Hellenic /həˈlɛnɪk/ adj
yewnanî
Of or relating to Hellas (Greece) or the Hellenes (Greeks).

Helsinki /hɛlˈsɪŋ.ki/ pn
Hêlsînkî
The capital city of Finland

Hermes /ˈhɝmiːz/ pn
tîr
(Greek god) The herald and messenger of the gods, and the god of roads, commerce, invention, cunning, and theft.

Herodotus /həˈɹɑːdətəs/ /həˈɹɒdətəs/ pn
Herodot
An ancient historian who lived from 484 to 425 BC.

Hindi /ˈhɪndi/ pn
hindî
The Central Zone of Indo-Aryan languages. These are also spoken in Fiji, Guyana and as a second language by Indians in many other countries.

Hinduism /ˈhɪnduɪzəm/ pn
hinduîzm
A religion, philosophy and culture native to India, characterized by the belief in reincarnation and a supreme oneness personified in many forms and natures.

His Majesty pronoun
key
(formal) A title of respect used when referring to a king.

Hittite /ˈhɪ.taɪt/ adj
Hîtît
Of or relating to the Hittite people.
Of or relating to the Hittite language.
Of or relating to the Hittite Kingdom, located in central Anatolia (modern Turkey), that flourished from about 1800 to 1400 B.C.E..

Hittite /ˈhɪ.taɪt/ n
Hîtît
A person of the Hittite Kingdom, a Bronze Age kingdom of Anatolia.

Hittite /ˈhɪ.taɪt/ pn
Hîtît
An ancient Indo-European language of the Anatolian branch, attested from the 16th century BC until the 13th century BC.

Holland /ˈhɑlənd/ /ˈhɒlənd/ pn
Holanda
A traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland.

Holy Writ n
Kitêba Pîroz
The Bible.
The sacred writings of the Christian religion.

Honduras /hɑnˈdjʊɹ.əs/ /hɑnˈdʊɹ.əs/ /hɒnˈdjʊə.ɹəs/ pn
Hondûras
A country in Central America. Official name: Republic of Honduras.

Hungary /ˈhʌŋ.ɡəɹ.i/ pn
Macaristan
A country in Central Europe. Capital and largest city: Budapest.

I /aɪ/ [aj] [aː] [ɑe̯] [ɑj] pronoun
ez min
The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical subject, of a sentence.
(nonstandard) The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical object, of a sentence.

I beg your pardon phraseologicalUnit
efû

I do phraseologicalUnit
belê
A traditional phrase said upon acceptance of marriage.

I love you /aɪ ˈlʌv juː/ phraseologicalUnit
Ez te hezdıkım
An affirmation of affection or deep caring, especially to a family member.
An affirmation of romantic feeling to a lover or spouse.

I wish phraseologicalUnit
lê
(idiomatic, colloquial) Used to express the speaker's wish that the preceding statement were true

I'm fine phraseologicalUnit
baş
Conventional response to "how are you?", indicating that one is well.

I'm sorry phraseologicalUnit
efû
Indicates the speaker's apology.
(with an upward inflection) Indicates that the speaker is confused or requests information to be repeated; come again?, say again?, I beg your pardon?; see also Thesaurus:say again

IP address n
avnîşana IP
(Internet) A number assigned to each computer's or other device's network interface, which are active on a network. supporting the Internet Protocol, in order to distinguish each network interface, and hence each networked device) from every other network interface anywhere on the network.

Iberia /aɪˈbɪəɹ.i.ə/ /aɪˈbɪɹ.i.ə/ pn
Nîvgirava Îberî
A region of Europe south of the Pyrenees, consisting of Andorra, Spain, Portugal, and Gibraltar.

Iberian Peninsula pn
Nîvgirava Îberî
A peninsula located in the extreme southwest of Europe which includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar, bordered on the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea, and on the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Pyrenees forming the northeast edge of the peninsula, connecting it to the rest of Europe.

Iceland /ˈaɪs.lənd/ [ˈaɪs.ln̩ʔd̚] pn
Îsland Îslanda
A country in the North Atlantic Ocean.

Icelandic /aɪsˈlændɪk/ adj
Îsland
Of or relating to the natives or inhabitants of Iceland.

Ido /ˈidoʊ/ pn
Ido
A constructed language; a reform of Esperanto and Idiom Neutral

Illinois /ˌɪləˈnɔɪ/ /ˌɪləˈnɔɪz/ /ˌɪlɪˈnɔɪ/ pn
Illinois
A state of the United States, named for the people.
A river in Oregon, United States that flows from the southwestern corner of the state into the Rogue River.

India /ˈɪn.di.ə/ /ˈɪn.dɪə/ /ˈɪn.dɪə̯/ /ˈɪɳ.ɖɪ.jaː/ pn
Hindistan
(chiefly, historical, proscribed, _, in modern use) A region of South Asia, traditionally delimited by the Himalayas and the Indus river; the Indian subcontinent.

Indian /ˈɪn.di.ən/ /ˈɪn.dɪ.ən/ /ˈɪɳ.ɖɪə̯n/ adj
îndiyûm
Of or relating to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. [from 16th c.]

Indian /ˈɪn.di.ən/ /ˈɪn.dɪ.ən/ /ˈɪɳ.ɖɪə̯n/ n
قاپ
A person from India. [from 13th c.]
îndiyûm
An American Indian, a member of one of the indigenous peoples of the Americas (generally excluding the Aleut, Inuit, Metis, or Yupik). [from 16th c.]

Indian Ocean pn
Okyanûsa Hindê
The ocean separating Africa, southern Asia, Australia and Antarctica.

Indonesia /-doʊ-/ /-zi.ə/ /ˌɪndə(ʊ)ˈniːʒə/ /ˌɪndəˈniʒə/ pn
Îndonezya
A country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of Indonesia (since 1950). Capital: Jakarta.

Indonesian /ˌɪndəˈniːʒən/ adj
indonêzî
Of or relating to Indonesia or its people or language.

Indonesian /ˌɪndəˈniːʒən/ n
indonezî
(countable) A person living in or coming from Indonesia.
indonêzî
(uncountable) The common language spoken in Indonesia.

International System of Units pn
Sîstema Navneteweyî ya Yekeyan
(metrology) A standard set of units of measurement for use in scientific literature worldwide. The newest and most widespread version of the metric system.

Internet /ˈɪntəˌnɛt/ /ˈɪntɚˌnɛt/ [ˈɪɾ̃ɚˌnɛt] pn
înternet
The specific internet consisting of a global network of computers that communicate using Internet Protocol (IP) and that use Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to identify the best paths to route those communications.

Iran /aɪˈɹæn/ /ɪˈɹæn/ /ɪˈɹɑːn/ pn
Îran
A country in West Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Islamic Republic of Iran. Capital: Tehran.

Iranian /aɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ /iˈɹɑːni.ən/ /ɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ /ɪˈɹɑːni.ən/ adj
îranî
(linguistics) Pertaining to the Iranian languages or their speakers.

Iranian /aɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ /iˈɹɑːni.ən/ /ɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ /ɪˈɹɑːni.ən/ n
îranî
A person from Iran or of Iranian descent.

Iraq /aɪˈɹæk/ /ɪˈɹak/ /ɪˈɹæk/ /ɪˈɹɑk/ /ɪˈɹɑːk/ pn
Iraq Îraq
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Republic of Iraq. Capital and largest city: Baghdad.

Ireland /ˈaɪə(ɹ)lənd/ [ˈaɪɚlənd] [ˈäɪɚɫɪ̈nd] [ˈɑɚlənd] [ˈɑɪələnd] [ˈɑɪɚlənd] [ˈəɪɚlənd] [ˈʌɪɚlənd] pn
Îrland
A republic occupying the majority-area of the island of Ireland, with Northern Ireland occupying the rest of the island. Also known as the Republic of Ireland since 1949.
A community of Antigonish County, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Irish /ˈaɪəɹɪʃ/ /ˈaɪɹəʃ/ /ˈaɪɹɪʃ/ pn
îrlendî
(uncountable) The Gaelic language indigenous to Ireland, also known as Irish Gaelic.

Islam /-læm/ /ɪsˈlɑːm/ /ɪzˈlɑːm/ /ˈɪs.lɑːm/ /ˈɪz.lɑːm/ pn
Îslam
A monotheistic Abrahamic religion followed by Muslims that is based on the teachings of Muhammad and the Qur'an.

Islamabad /ɪsˈlɑːməˌbɑːd/ /ɪzˈlæməˌbæd/ /ɪzˈlɑːməˌbɑːd/ pn
Îslamabad
The capital city of Pakistan, located within the Islamabad Capital Territory.

Islamic /ɪsˈlɑːmɪk/ /ɪzˈlæmɪk/ /ɪzˈlɑːmɪk/ adj
Îslam
Of, pertaining to, originating in, characteristic of, or deriving from Muslims or Islam.

Islamophobia n
îslamofobî
Fear or hatred of Islam or Muslims.

Israel /ˈɪz.ɹaɪ.ɛl/ /ˈɪz.ɹeɪ.əl/ /ˈɪz.ɹeɪ.ɛl/ /ˈɪz.ɹeɪl/ /ˈɪz.ɹi.əl/ /ˈɪz.ɹɛəl/ pn
Îsraêl
(Biblical) A Biblical region of Western Asia roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel, known in the Bible as the Land of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people.
Îsraîl
A en given name,
Another name for Jacob, notably after Genesis 32:28 and in later references.

Israeli /ɪzˈɹeɪli/ n
isaîlî
A person from Israel or of Israeli descent.

Israelite /ˈɪz.ɹeɪ.əˌlaɪt/ /ˈɪz.ɹi.əˌlaɪt/ /ˈɪz.ɹɪˌlaɪt/ n
isaîlî
A native or inhabitant of (i) the united nation of Israel (under the Judges, and then kings Saul, David and Solomon), or (ii) the later northern kingdom centered in Samaria, distinct from kingdom of Judah centered in Jerusalem.

Istanbul /ɪstænˈbʊl/ pn
Stembol
A Turkish city, and the largest European city by population, which was the last capital of the Ottoman Empire and the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire).

Italian /ɪˈtæljən/ /ˌaɪˈtæljən/ n
îtalî
(uncountable) The official language of Italy, also spoken in San Marino, the Vatican, and parts of Argentina, Slovenia and Switzerland.

Italian Peninsula pn
Îtalya
A large peninsula in Southern Europe protruding into the Mediterranean Sea and shaped like a boot. The mountain range of Apennines runs across it from north to south. Occupied almost entirely by Italy.

Italy /ˈɪtəli/ [ˈi.tɐ.li] [ˈɪ.tə.li] [ˈɪ.ɾə.li] pn
Îtalya
A country in Southern Europe. Official names: Italian Republic and Republic of Italy. Capital and largest city: Rome.

Jakarta /d͡ʒəˈkɑː(ɹ)tə/ pn
Cakarta
A province and capital city of Indonesia.

Jamaica /d͡ʒəˈmeɪ.kə/ pn
Jamaîka
An island and country in the Caribbean

January /ˈd͡ʒæn.j(ʊ.)ə.ɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjuˌæɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjuˌɛɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjəɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjʉˌeːɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒɪnəˌweɪɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒɪnəˌwɛəɹi/ pn
rêbendan
The first month of the Gregorian calendar, following the December of the previous year and preceding February. Abbreviation: Jan or Jan.

Japan /d͡ʒəˈpæn/ pn
Japon ژاپۆن
A country and archipelago in East Asia

Japanese /ˌd͡ʒæpəˈniːz/ adj
Japonî
Of, relating to, or derived from Japan, its people, language, or culture.

Japanese /ˌd͡ʒæpəˈniːz/ n
Japonî
(countable, chiefly, in the plural) A person/people living in or coming from Japan, or of Japanese ancestry.

Japanese /ˌd͡ʒæpəˈniːz/ pn
Japonî
A language that is primarily spoken in East Asia and is the official language of Japan.

Japonic /d͡ʒəˈpɒnɪk/ pn
japonî
A language family spoken in Japan, consisting of Japanese proper and the Ryukyuan languages.

Java /ˈd͡ʒɑːvə/ pn
Cava
An island in the Indonesian Archipelago, Indonesia.

Javanese /dʒɑː.vəˈniːz/ pn
javayî
An indigenous language spoken by Javanese people.

Jerusalem /d͡ʒəˈɹuːsələm/ /d͡ʒəˈɹuːzələm/ pn
Orşelîm
A city in the Holy Land between the Mediterranean Sea and Dead Sea, holy in Judaism, Christianity and Islam; the claimed capital city of Israel and of Palestine.

Jerusalem artichoke n
sêvaxîn
A variety of sunflower, Helianthus tuberosus, native to North America, having yellow flower heads and edible tubers.

Jesus /heɪˈsuːs/ /hɛˈsuːs/ /ˈd͡ʒizəs/ /ˈd͡ʒiːzəs/ /ˈd͡ʒiːˌzʌs/ /ˈheɪsuːs/ /ˈhɛsuːs/ pn
Îsa
Jesus of Nazareth, a first-century Jewish religious preacher and craftsman (commonly understood to have been a carpenter, see Ancient Greek τέκτων (téktōn, “builder”)) from Galilee held to be a prophet, teacher, the son of God, and the Messiah, or Christ, in Christianity; also called "Jesus Christ" by Christians. Held to be a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.

Jew /d͡ʒuʊ̯/ /d͡ʒuː/ n
cihû
A member or descendant of the Jewish people.

Jewish /ˈd͡ʒuː.ɪʃ/ adj
cihû
Of or relating to Jews, their ethnicity, religion, or culture.

Jewry /ˈd͡ʒuːɹi/ n
cihû
(historical) The quarter of a town or city inhabited either partially or exclusively by Jews; historically, its main buildings were the synagogue, the ritual bath or mikve, the kosher-oriented butchery and bakery, etc. [from 17th c.]

Jin /d͡ʒɪn/ pn
zêrr

Job /d͡ʒɒb/ /d͡ʒɔb/ /d͡ʒəʊb/ pn
Eyûb
(book of the bible) A book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh.
(biblical character) A character in the Old Testament and the Qur'an, renowned for his patience.

Jordan /ˈd͡ʒɔɹdən/ /ˈd͡ʒɔːdən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝdn̩/ /ˈd͡ʒɝdən/ pn
Urdun
A small town, the county seat of Garfield County, Montana.

Jouy-en-Josas pn
Jouy-en-Josas
A city in the Yvelines department, France.

Jr. adj
kur
Abbreviation of junior. A title used after a son's name when his father has the same name.

Judaism /d͡ʒuˈdeɪˌɪz.əm/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.deɪˌɪz.əm/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.diˌɪz.əm/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.dəˌɪz.əm/ /ˈd͡ʒuːˌdeɪ.ɪz.əm/ pn
cihûtî
An Abrahamic religion tracing its origin to the Hebrew people of the ancient Middle East, as documented in their religious writings, the Tanakh.

July /d͡ʒuˈlaɪ/ /d͡ʒəˈlaɪ/ /d͡ʒʊˈlaɪ/ pn
tîrmeh
The seventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following June and preceding August. Abbreviation: Jul or Jul.

June /d͡ʒjuːn/ /d͡ʒun/ /d͡ʒuːn/ pn
hezîran pûşber
The sixth month of the Gregorian calendar, following May and preceding July. Abbreviation: Jun or Jun.

Jupiter /ˈd͡ʒupɪtɚ/ [ˈd͡ʒupɪɾɚ] pn
Berçîs
(Roman god) The King of the Gods, also called Jove. Equivalent to the Greek Zeus, Jupiter was one of the children of Saturn. As supreme god of the Roman pantheon, Jupiter was the god of thunder, lightning, and storms, and appropriately called the god of light and sky.
A township in Kittson County, Minnesota, named after the planet.

Kafkaesque /ˌkæfkəˈɛsk/ /ˌkæfkəˈɹɛsk/ /ˌkɑfkəˈɛsk/ adj
kafkayî
Marked by a senseless, disorienting, often menacing complexity.

Kaiser /ˈkaɪzə(ɹ)/ /ˈkaɪzɚ/ n
împarator
An emperor of a German-speaking country, particularly the Holy Roman Empire (962–1806), the Austrian Empire/Austria-Hungary (1806–1918), or the German Empire (1871–1918) — often specifically Wilhelm II.

Kaunas pn
Kaunas
The second largest city of Lithuania.

Kazakh /kəˈzak/ /kəˈzɑk/ /kəˈzɑːk/ /ˈkazak/ n
Qezaxî
(uncountable) The national language of Kazakhstan.

Kazakhstan /ˈkæzəkstæn/ /ˈkæzəkˌstæn/ /ˈkɑzəkˌstæn/ /ˈkɑzəkˌstɑn/ /ˈkɑːzəkstɑːn/ pn
Qazaxîstan Qazaxistan
A country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Kazakhstan.

Kenya /ˈkiːn.jə/ /ˈkɛn.jə/ [ˈkɛ.ɲa] pn
Kenya کینیا
A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of Kenya.

Kim /kɪm/ pn
zêrr
A surname from Korean, the English form of a surname very common in Korea. (^김, hanja: 金), the most common Korean surname.

Kobane /ˌkəˈbɒni/ pn
Kobanê

Kosovo /ˈkɒsəvə/ /ˈkɒsəvəʊ/ /ˈkɔsəˌvoʊ/ pn
Kosova
A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Kosovo. Capital and largest city: Pristina. Considered by the Republic of Serbia to be one of its two autonomous provinces.
One of five administrative districts of the above region as viewed by the Serbian government.

Kurd /kɜː(ɹ)d/ n
kurd
A member of the linguistically and culturally distinct people who speak Kurdish and mainly inhabit those parts of Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria sometimes known as Kurdistan.

Kurdish /ˈkɜː(ɹ)dɪʃ/ adj
kurdî کوردی
Of, from, or pertaining to Kurdistan, the Kurdish people or the Kurdish language family.

Kurdish /ˈkɜː(ɹ)dɪʃ/ n
kurdî کوردی
Family of Indo-Iranian languages of Kurdistan (in the Mesopotamia region, from the Zagros of mid-western Iran to the eastern extension of the chain of the Taurus Mountains).

Kurdistan pn
Kurdistan
A region in the Middle East inhabited mostly by the Kurds. It encompasses parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria.

Kurmanji /kɚˈmɑn.dʒi/ /ˈkɚ.mæn.dʒi/ pn
kurmancî
The Kurdish language with the largest number of speakers, spoken in Turkey, Syria, northernmost Iraq, and parts of Iran and Central Asia.

Kuwait /kjuːˈweɪt/ /kuːˈweɪt/ /kʊˈweɪt/ pn
Kuweyt Kuwêt
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: State of Kuwait. Capital: Kuwait City.

Kuwait City pn
Kuwêt
The capital city of Kuwait.

Kyiv /kiːˈɪv/ /ˈkiːv/ /ˈkiːɪv/ /ˈkjɪv/ pn
Kîev
The capital city of Ukraine and the administrative centre of Kyiv Oblast.

Kyrgyz /ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪə(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪɹɡɪz/ adj
qirgizî
Of, from, or pertaining to Kyrgyzstan, the Kyrgyz people or the Kyrgyz language.

Kyrgyz /ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪə(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪɹɡɪz/ n
qirgizî
member of a Turkic people living primarily in Kyrgyzstan
member of a Siberian Turkic people now known as Khakas

Kyrgyz /ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪə(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪɹɡɪz/ pn
qirgizî
The Western Turkic language of Kyrgyz people.

Kyrgyzstan /-stæn/ /ˈkɛːɹ.ɡɪˌstɑːn/ /ˈkɪəɹ.ɡɪˌstɑːn/ /ˌkɛːɹ.ɡɪˈstɑːn/ /ˌkɪəɹ.ɡɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Qirgizistan
A country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China. Official name: Kyrgyz Republic. Capital: Bishkek.

Laos /ˈlaʊ(s)/ /ˈlɑːoʊ(s)/ pn
Laos
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Capital: Vientiane.

Lapland pn
Laponya
The northern parts of Scandinavia and Finland with the Kola Peninsula in Russia, traditionally inhabited by the Sami people.
A region in northern Finland.

Lapp pn
samî
The language of the Lapp peoples.

Latin /ˈlæt.ɪn/ [ˈlæt.n̩] [ˈlæʔ.n̩] pn
latînî
(uncountable) The language of the ancient Romans, other Latins and of the Roman Catholic church, especially Classical Latin.

Latvia /ˈlæt.vi.ə/ /ˈlɑːt.vi.ə/ pn
Letonya
A country in North Eastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Latvia.

Latvian /ˈlætvi.ən/ /ˈlɑːtvi.ən/ n
letonî
(uncountable) The official language of Latvia; Lettish.
(countable) A person from Latvia or of Latvian descent.

Lebanon /-ɒn/ /ˈlɛbənɑn/ /ˈlɛbənɔn/ /ˈlɛbənən/ pn
Libnan لوبنان
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Lebanese Republic. Capital: Beirut. Also (especially formerly) known as "the Lebanon".

Leo /ˈliːoʊ/ /ˈliːəʊ/ n
şer
Someone with a Leo star sign

Leo /ˈliːoʊ/ /ˈliːəʊ/ pn
Şêr
A en given name, borne by numerous saints and 13 popes.
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac, shaped approximately like a lion and containing the stars Regulus and Denebola.
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the Lion, ruled by the Sun and covering July 23 - August 22 (tropical astrology) or August 16 - September 15 (sidereal astrology).

Leon /ˈli.ɑn/ /ˈliː.ɒn/ /ˈliːən/ pn
Şêr
A city in northwestern Spain, the former capital of the Kingdom of Leon.
A historical region in Spain around the province.

Lesotho /ləˈsuːtuː/ pn
Lesoto
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Kingdom of Lesotho. Capital: Maseru.

Lesser Antilles pn
Antîlên Biçûk
The smaller islands of the West Indies, to the south and east of Puerto Rico, in the Caribbean Sea.

Liberia /laɪˈbɪəɹ.i.ə/ /laɪˈbɪɹ.i.ə/ pn
Lîberya
The provincial capital of Guanacaste, Costa Rica.

Libra /ˈliːbɹə/ n
terazî
Someone with a Libra star sign

Libya /ˈlɪbi.ə/ pn
Lîbya
(historical) Africa; that is, the part of North Africa known in classical antiquity.

Liechtenstein /ˈlɪk.tən.staɪn/ pn
Liechtenstein
A microstate in Central Europe. Official name: Principality of Liechtenstein. Capital: Vaduz.

Lima /ˈlaɪmə/ /ˈliːmə/ pn
Lîma
The capital city of Peru.

Lithuania /ˌlɪð.juˈeɪ.ni.ə/ /ˌlɪθ.juˈeɪ.ni.ə/ /ˌlɪθ.uˈeɪ.ni.ə/ /ˌlɪθˈweɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Lîtvanya
A country in northeastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika).

Lithuanian /ˌlɪð.juˈeɪ.ni.ən/ /ˌlɪθ.juˈeɪ.ni.ən/ /ˌlɪθ.uˈeɪ.ni.ən/ /ˌlɪθˈweɪ.ni.ən/ n
lîtwanî
(uncountable) The main language of Lithuania.

Livonian adj
لیڤۆنی
Pertaining to Livonia or Livonians.

Livonian pn
لیڤۆنی
A Finno-Ugric language spoken in Latvia.

London /ˈlʌ.nən/ /ˈlʌn.dən/ pn
London
A former administrative county in England, created in 1889 from parts of Kent, Middlesex and Surrey, and merged into Greater London in 1965.

Lord /lɔɹd/ /lɔːd/ n
mamoste

Lord's Prayer pn
Bavê me
The prayer which, according to the New Testament of the Bible, Jesus Christ taught his disciples in the Sermon on the Mount.

Lorraine /lɔˈɹeɪn/ /ləˈɹeɪn/ pn
Lorraine
A former administrative region and former duchy in eastern France; since 2016 part of the region of Grand Est.

Low Countries pn
Holanda
The countries on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse (Maas) rivers.

Low German n
nedersaksî
(linguistics) Any of a number of West Germanic languages, primarily spoken in northern Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium, that did not undergo the High German consonant shift; the group thereof.

Luxembourg /ˈlʌk.səm.bɜːɡ/ /ˈlʌk.səm.bɝɡ/ pn
Lûksembûrg
A small country in Western Europe. Official name: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Capital and largest city: Luxembourg.
A province of Wallonia, Belgium.
The capital city of Luxembourg.
One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city.

Macedonia /ˌmæs.əˈdoʊ.ni.ə/ /ˌmæs.əˈdoʊn.jə/ /ˌmæs.əˈdəʊ.nɪ.ə/ pn
Makedonya
An ancient Greek kingdom, located to the north of Thessaly, comprising the Greek city of Thessaloniki and its surroundings.
A geographical region which includes the Republic of North Macedonia, the Greek region of Macedonia, the Pirin region of Bulgaria, and small parts of Albania and Serbia.

Macedonian /mæsəˈdəʊnɪən/ n
makedonî
(uncountable) A South Slavic language, the standard language of the Republic of North Macedonia.

Madagascar /-ɑː/ /madəˈɡaskə/ /mædəˈɡæskɑɹ/ pn
Madagaskar
An island and country off the east coast of Africa. Official name: Republic of Madagascar. Capital: Antananarivo.

Madrid /məˈdɹɪd/ /ˈmædrɪd/ /ˈmædɹɪd/ pn
Madrîd
A province of the Community of Madrid, Spain. Capital: Madrid.

Malawi /mɑːˈlɑːwi/ /məˈlɑːwi/ pn
Malavî
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Malawi.

Malay /meɪˈleɪ/ /məˈleɪ/ /ˈmeɪleɪ/ adj
malayî
Of or relating to the Malays, a people living in Brunei, on the eastern coast of Sumatra, the islands of Bangka and Belitung, the Riau archipelago and the coastal areas of Kalimantan in Indonesia, in most of Malaysia (states where they are politically dominant), in Singapore and in the southernmost provinces of Thailand.

Malay /meɪˈleɪ/ /məˈleɪ/ /ˈmeɪleɪ/ n
malayî
(countable) A person of Malay ancestry, referring to a diverse group of Austronesian peoples inhabiting the Malay archipelago and Malay peninsula in Southeast Asia.

Malay /meɪˈleɪ/ /məˈleɪ/ /ˈmeɪleɪ/ pn
malayî
(broad sense) The Malay language, an Austronesian language spoken by most Malay people and by others where it is an official language, including under the name Indonesian.

Malaysia /məlejsiə/ /məlejʃə/ /məˈleɪziə/ /məˈleɪʒə/ pn
Malezya Malayziya
A country in Southeast Asia. Capital: Kuala Lumpur.

Malaysian /məˈleɪ.zi.ən/ /məˈleɪ.ʒən/ adj
malayî
Pertaining to the country of Malaysia.
Pertaining to the Malay language.

Malaysian /məˈleɪ.zi.ən/ /məˈleɪ.ʒən/ n
malayî
A native of Malaysia.

Maldives /-divz/ /ˈmæl.daɪvz/ /ˈmɑl.daɪvz/ /ˈmɒl.diːvz/ /ˈmɔl.daɪvz/ /ˈmɔːl.daɪvz/ /ˈmɔːl.diːvz/ ; pn
Maldîv
An archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India. Official name: Republic of Maldives. Capital: Malé.

Mali /ˈmɑːli/ pn
Malî
A country in West Africa. Official name: Republic of Mali.

Malta /ˈmɑl.tə/ /ˈmɒl.tə/ /ˈmɔl.tə/ /ˈmɔːl.tə/ pn
Malta
An island country in Southern Europe. Capital: Valletta.
The archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea composing the country.
The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago.
A small city, the county seat of Phillips County, Montana, United States.

Malta Island pn
Malta
The largest island of Malta.

Man pn
mirov
The genus Homo.

Mandarin /mæn.də.ˈɹɪn/ /ˈmæn.də.ɹɪn/ n
zimanê çînî
Standard Mandarin, an official language of China and Taiwan, and one of four official languages in Singapore; Putonghua, Guoyu or Huayu.

Manila /mɐˈni.lɐ/ /məˈnɪl.ə/ pn
Manîla
The capital city of the Philippines; regional capital of Metro Manila, in the island of Luzon.

Mar. pn
derya
(month) Abbreviation of March.

Marathi /məˈɹɑːti/ adj
Marathî
Pertaining to the state of Maharashtra, to the Marathi-speaking people from the state, or to the Marathi language.

Marathi /məˈɹɑːti/ n
Marathî
A person of a Marathi-speaking people from the state of Maharashtra; a person of or from Maharashtra.

Marathi /məˈɹɑːti/ pn
Marathî
An Indo-Aryan language that is the predominant language spoken in the state of Maharashtra, India.

March /mɑɹt͡ʃ/ /mɑːt͡ʃ/ pn
adar
The third month of the Gregorian calendar, following February and preceding April. Abbreviation: Mar or Mar.

Mars /ˈmɑɹz/ /ˈmɑːz/ pn
Behram
(astronomy) The fourth planet in the solar system. Symbol: ♂
(Roman god) The Roman god of war.
The Mars bar, a brand of chocolate bar with caramel and nougat filling.

Martinique /ˌmɑː(ɹ)tɪˈniːk/ pn
Martinique
An island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean. Official name: Department of Martinique.

Marxist /ˈmɑːksɪst/ /ˈmɑːɹksɪst/ n
marksîst
One that believes in or follows the ideals of Marxism.

Mauritania /ˌmɒɹɪˈteɪni.ə/ /ˌmɔːɹɪˈteɪni.ə/ pn
Morîtanya
A country in West Africa. Official name: Islamic Republic of Mauritania. Capital: Nouakchott.

Mauritius /mɔːˈɹɪʃəs/ /məˈɹɪʃiəs/ /məˈɹɪʃəs/ pn
Maurîtius
The main island of the country of Mauritius.

May /meɪ/ pn
gulan
The fifth month of the Gregorian calendar, following April and preceding June.

Mecca /ˈmɛkə/ n
Meke
(figuratively, sometimes, _, offensive) Any place considered to be a very important place to visit by people with a particular interest.

Mecca /ˈmɛkə/ pn
Meke
A large city, the provincial capital of Mecca Province in the in the Hejaz region, Saudi Arabia, the holiest place in Islam, location of the sacred Ka'ba, and to which Muslims are required to make a hajj at least once in their lifetime, if possible.

MediaWiki /ˈmiːdi.əˌwɪki/ pn
MediaWiki

Mediterranean Sea /ˌmɛ.də.təˈɹeɪ.ni.ən ˈsi/ /ˌmɛ.də.təˈɹeɪ.njən ˈsi/ /ˌmɛ.dɪ.təˈɹeɪ.nɪ.ən ˈsiː/ pn
Deryaya Navîn
The sea between Europe and Africa.

Mekong /mɛˈkɔːŋ/ /ˈmikɔŋ/ pn
Mêkong
A river in southeastern Asia that flows about 4,183 km (2,600 miles) from Tibet to the South China Sea in Vietnam.

Member of Parliament n
bervedar
(UK, Canada, Australia, NZ) A representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a house of a parliament.

Mercury /ˈmɜː(ɹ)kjʊɹi/ /ˈmɝk(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɝkjəɹi/ pn
Tîr
(astronomy) The planet in the solar system with the closest orbit to the Sun, named after the god; represented by ☿.
(Roman god) The Roman god associated with speed, sometimes used as a messenger, wearing winged sandals; the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Hermes.

Mesopotamia /mɛsəpəˈteɪmɪə/ pn
Mezopotamya
A region in Southwest Asia spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris that is the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man.

Mexico /ˈmɛ.hi.koʊ/ /ˈmɛ.hi.kəʊ/ /ˈmɛk.sɪ.koʊ/ /ˈmɛk.sɪ.kəʊ/ pn
Meksîk
A city, the county seat of Audrain County, Missouri, United States.

Mexico City /ˈmɛk.sɪ.koʊ sɪɾi/ /ˈmɛk.sɪ.kəʊ sɪti/ pn
Meksîko
The capital city of Mexico.

Meänkieli pn
meänkiyelî
A language spoken by some 40,000–70,000 people mainly in Northern Sweden. It is a variant of Finnish with a structure and grammar similar to Finnish, but the vocabulary considerably influenced by Swedish.

Middle Ages /ˌmɪdl̩ ˈeɪdʒɪz/ pn
Çaxa navîn
(history) The period of primarily European history between the decline of the Western Roman Empire (antiquity) and the early modern period or the Renaissance; the time between c. 500 and 1500 CE.

Middle East pn
Rojhilata Navîn
(geopolitics) The region comprising West Asia without the South Caucasus and additionally including all of Egypt (not just the Sinai) and all of Turkey (not just Asian Turkey).

Milky Way pn
Kadiz
(galaxy) The Milky Way Galaxy, the galaxy in which Earth is located. [from mid 19th c.]
(astronomy) A broad band of diffuse white light, visible in the night sky; our view of the dense portions of the Milky Way Galaxy from inside the galaxy. [from late 14th c.]

Minecraft /ˈmaɪnˌkɹæft/ /ˈmaɪnˌkɹɐːft/ /ˈmaɪnˌkɹɑːft/ pn
Minecraft
(video games) A sandbox video game (released on 2011) in which players explore a three-dimensional world made of blocks and can craft items and build structures.

Minnesotan /ˌmɪnəˈsoʊtən/ [ˌmɪnəˈso(ʊ)ʔn̩] n
rûniştvan
A native or resident of the state of Minnesota in the United States of America.

Moldova /mɑlˈdoʊ.və/ /mɒlˈdəʊ.və/ /mɔlˈdoʊ.və/ /ˈmɒl.də.və/ pn
Moldova
A country in Eastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Moldova. Capital and largest city: Chișinău.
A region in eastern Romania adjacent to the country of Moldova, once part of the principality of Moldova.

Moldovan adj
moldawî
Relating to the country of Moldova.
Relating to the Moldovan language.

Moldovan n
moldawî
An inhabitant of the Republic of Moldova.

Moldovan pn
moldawî
The dialect of Romanian spoken in the Republic of Moldova, which may be written in either the Cyrillic or the Roman alphabet.

Monaco /mɒˈnɑː.kəʊ/ /ˈmɑ.nə.koʊ/ /ˈmɒ.nə.kəʊ/ pn
Monako
A city-state in Western Europe. Official name: Principality of Monaco.

Monday /ˈmʌn.deɪ/ /ˈmʌn.di/ adv
duşem
(US, Canada, informal in UK) On Monday.

Monday /ˈmʌn.deɪ/ /ˈmʌn.di/ n
duşem
The second day of the week in many religious traditions, and the first day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm. It follows Sunday and precedes Tuesday.

Mongolia /mɑːŋˈɡoʊli.ə/ /mɒŋˈɡəʊli.ə/ pn
Mongolya Moxolistan
A country in Eastern Asia.

Montenegrin /-ˈneɪɡɹɪn/ /ˌmɒntɪˈniːɡɹɪn/ adj
mexsûs
relating to Montenegro (country)
relating to Montenegrins (ethnic group)

Montenegro /mɒn.tɪˈneɪ.ɡɹəʊ/ /mɒn.tɪˈnɛɡ.ɹəʊ/ /ˌmɑn.təˈneɪ.ɡɹoʊ/ /ˌmɑn.tɪˈni.ɡɹoʊ/ pn
Montenegro
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Capital and largest city: Podgorica. Part of Yugoslavia until 2003, then part of Serbia and Montenegro until 2006.

Moon /mun/ /muːn/ pn
Heyv
The Earth's moon; the sole natural satellite of the Earth, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☾.

Moor /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ /mʊə/ /mʊɹ/ n
کافر
(historical) A member of an Islamic people of Arab or Berber origin ruling Spain and parts of North Africa from the 8th to the 15th centuries.

Moorish /ˈmɔɹ.ɪʃ/ /ˈmɔː.ɹɪʃ/ /ˈmʊə.ɹɪʃ/ /ˈmʊɹ.ɪʃ/ adj
کافر
Of or pertaining to the Moors or their culture.

Moravia /mɔˈɹeɪvi.ə/ /məˈɹeɪvi.ə/ pn
Moravya
A historical region in the eastern Czech Republic.

Moravian n
bira
A member of the Moravian Church.

Morocco /mɔɹˈɑkoʊ/ /məˈɹɑkoʊ/ /məˈɹɒkəʊ/ pn
Maroko
Morocco (a country in North Africa; official name: Kingdom of Morocco; capital: Rabat).

Moscow /ˈmɑskaʊ/ /ˈmɑskoʊ/ /ˈmɒskəʊ/ /ˈmɔskɐʉ/ pn
Mosko
A federal city, the capital and largest city of Russia.

Moses /ˈmoʊzəs/ /ˈmoʊzəz/ /ˈməʊzɪs/ /ˈməʊzɪz/ pn
Mûsa
(biblical character) The pharaonic patriarch who led the enslaved Hebrews out of Egypt, the brother of Aaron and Miriam described in the Book of Exodus and the Quran.

Moskva /məsˈkvɑː/ /ˈmɒs.kvə/ pn
Moskova
A river in Russia, a tributary of the Oka.

Mosul /ˈməʊsəl/ pn
Mûsil

Mozambique /ˌmoʊ.zæmˈbiːk/ pn
Mozambik Mozambîk
A country in East Africa and Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Mozambique (since 1990). Capital: Maputo.

Mr. /ˈmɪstəɹ/ [ˈmɪstə(ɹ)] [ˈmɪstɚ] n
[[دیاره‌]]
(US, Canada) Abbreviation of mister. A title used before the surname in theory, though not generally in practice, above some undefined social level, too old to be addressed as “Master”, not a knight or of some higher rank, and, in Britain though not in the United States, not entitled to be addressed as “Dr.”.

Mrs /ˈmɪs/ /ˈmɪsəz/ /ˈmɪsɪz/ /ˈmɪz/ n
[[دیاره‌]]
Abbreviation of Missus or Mistress (used before an adult woman's name or surname, used for any high-status woman without regard to marital status until the 1800s, after which it began to be reserved for married, divorced and widowed women and used with their married surnames)

Muhammad /mʊˈhæməd/ /mʊˈhɑməd/ pn
Mihemmed
(Islam, uncountable) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.

Munich /ˈmjuːnɪk/ pn
مونیخ
The capital and largest city of Bavaria, Germany.

Muslim /ˈmʊs.ləm/ /ˈmʊs.lɪm/ /ˈmʊz.ləm/ /ˈmʊz.lɪm/ /ˈmʌz.ləm/ adj
misilman
Being or relating to a believer of Islam.

Muslim /ˈmʊs.ləm/ /ˈmʊs.lɪm/ /ˈmʊz.ləm/ /ˈmʊz.lɪm/ /ˈmʌz.ləm/ n
misilman
A person who is a follower and believer of Islam.

Mx /məks/ /mɪks/ n
[[دیاره‌]]
(LGBT) A gender-neutral title used instead of Mr (Mister), Mrs (Mistress), etc.

Myanmar /mjænˈmɑː/ /ˈmaɪ̯ænˌmɑː/ /ˈmjæn.mɑː/ /ˈmjænˌmɑɹ/ /ˈmjɑnˌmɑɹ/ /ˌmjɑnˈmɑɹ/ pn
Myanmar
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Capital: Naypyidaw. Also known as Burma (which was formerly the official name).

Nairobi /naɪˈɹoʊbi/ /naɪˈɹəʊbi/ pn
Nairobî
The capital city of Kenya.

Namibia /nəˈmɪbi.ə/ pn
Namîbiya Namîbya
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Namibia. Capital: Windhoek.

Natal pn
Kurmanji Cejna rojbûna İsa
A former British colony and province of South Africa, itself beforehand the Natalia Republic. It is now called KwaZulu-Natal province.

Nauru /naʊˈru/ /nɑːˈuː.ɹuː/ /nəˈru/ /ˈnaʊ.ɹu/ /ˈn̪ʌ̯u.ru/ pn
Naûrû
Nauruan, the language of Nauru.

Nazism /ˈnɑːts(i.)ɪzəm/ n
nazî
The ideology of the Nazi Party (the National Socialist German Workers' Party or NSDAP), being a form of fascism characterised by Adolf Hitler's cult of personality, hate propaganda, white supremacy, extreme bigotry (especially antisemitism and racism), eugenics, mass violence, genocide, ethnonationalist territorial expansion (Lebensraum) and state capitalism.

Nepal /nəˈpɑl/ /nəˈpɔːl/ /nɪˈpɔːl/ pn
Nepal
A country in South Asia, located between China and India. Official name: Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Capital and largest city: Kathmandu.

Neptune /ˈneptʃʉːn/ /ˈnɛptjuːn/ /ˈnɛptuːn/ /ˈnɛptʃuːn/ pn
Neptûn
(astronomy) The eighth planet in our solar system, represented in astronomy and astrology by ♆.
(Roman mythology) The god of the ocean and of earthquakes, equivalent to Poseidon in Greek mythology.

Netherlander /ˈnɛðɚˌlændɚ/ n
holendî
Someone from the Netherlands

Netherlands /ˈnɛðələndz/ /ˈnɛðɚləndz/ adj
Holendî
Of, from or relating to the Netherlands.

Netherlands /ˈnɛðələndz/ /ˈnɛðɚləndz/ pn
Holand
A country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten.

New Delhi /n(j)uː ˈdɛli/ pn
Delhiya Nû
The capital city of India, located in the national capital territory of Delhi.

New Testament pn
Peymana Nû
The second half of the Christian Bible, which includes the four Gospels, the Book of Acts, the Epistles, and the Book of Revelation.

New Year's Eve pn
Sersal
The holiday occurring on the last day of the year, celebrated on December 31st in cultures following the Gregorian calendar

New York /njuː ˈjɔːk/ /nu ˈjɔək/ /nu ˈjɔɹk/ [nɪ ˈjɔək] [ɲɔək] pn
New York
The largest city in the state of New York and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey.

New York City pn
New York
The largest city in the United States, situated in the state of New York at the mouth of the Hudson River on the northeastern Atlantic Coast. It consists of five boroughs: Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island.

New Zealand /- ˈziː-/ /nju ˈziː.lənd/ /njʉː ˈzɪələnd/ /nu ˈzi.lənd/ /ˌnjuː -/ /ˌnu -/ [-ˈzeə-] [njʉ ˈzɪəɫənd] pn
Nû Zelenda
A country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia. Official name: New Zealand. Capital: Wellington.

Nicaragua /ˌnɪk.əɹˈæɡ.ju.ə/ /ˌnɪk.əˈɹɑ.ɡwə/ pn
Nîkaragua
A country in Central America. Official name: Republic of Nicaragua.

Niger /niːˈʒɛə(ɹ)/ /niːˈʒɛɚ/ /ˈnaɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪ.d͡ʒɚ/ pn
Nîjer
A country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria. Official name: Republic of the Niger.
A major river in West Africa that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria.

Nigeria /naɪˈd͡ʒiːɹiə/ /naɪˈd͡ʒɪəɹiə/ /naɪˈd͡ʒɪɹiə/ pn
Nîjerya
A country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger. Official name: Federal Republic of Nigeria. Capital: Abuja. Largest city: Lagos.

Nile /naɪl/ pn
Nîl
A large river in Africa flowing through Khartoum and Cairo into the Mediterranean Sea, usually considered to be the longest river in the world.

Niue /ˈnjuːeɪ/ pn
Niûe
An island and country in Polynesia in Oceania, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand. Official name: Republic of Niue. Capital: Alofi.

Noel /ˈnəʊ(ə)l/ pn
Gaxand
A en given name.
A en given name.

Norse /noɹs/ /nɔːs/ /nɔːɹs/ [no̞ɹs] n
hûrbîn
(US, _, printing, rare, dated) A size of type between Saxon and excelsior, 2+1⁄2-point type.

North America /ˌnɔː(ɹ)θ əˈmɛɹɪkə/ pn
Amerîkaya Bakur
The continent that is the northern part of the Americas; that part east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, north of South America and south of the Arctic Ocean.

North Carolina /ˌnɔɹθ kæɹəˈlaːnə/ /ˌnɔɹθ kɛɹəˈlaɪnə/ /ˌnɔːθ kæəˈlaːnə/ /ˌnɔːθ kæɹ.əˈlaɪn.ə/ /ˌnɔːθ kæɹəˈlaːnə/ pn
Karolîna Bakur
A state of the United States situated on the east coast of the North American mainland north of South Carolina and south of Virginia. Capital: Raleigh.

North Korea /noɹθ ˌkəˈɹi.ə/ /nɔːθ ˌkəˈɹiː.ə/ pn
Korêya Bakur
A country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea. Official name: Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Capital: Pyongyang.

North Korean n
Korêya Bakur
A citizen or resident of North Korea.

Northern Ireland /ˈnɔː(ɹ)ðə(ɹ)n ˈaiə(ɹ)lənd/ pn
Îrlandaya bakur
A country in the United Kingdom, situated in the northeastern part of the island of Ireland.

Northern Sami pn
samiya bakur
The most widely spoken Sami language; it is spoken in northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland. It includes three dialects: Torne, Finnmark and Sea Sami.

Norway /ˈnɔɹ.weɪ/ /ˈnɔː.weɪ/ pn
Norwêc
A country in Scandinavia, in northern Europe. Official name: Kingdom of Norway.

November /noʊˈvɛmbɚ/ /nəʊˈvɛmbə/ /nəˈvɛmbə/ pn
sermawez
The eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December. Abbreviation: Nov or Nov.

O /oʊ/ /əʊ/ particle
rayeka navdêrî
The vocative particle, used for direct address.

OK /əˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəʊˈkeɪ/ adj
karîn
All right, acceptable, permitted.
baş
In good health or a good emotional state.

OK /əˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəʊˈkeɪ/ adv
baş,çê
Satisfactorily, sufficiently well.

OK /əˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəʊˈkeɪ/ interjection
nîr
Used to indicate acknowledgement or acceptance.
baş
Used to introduce a sentence in order to draw attention to the importance of what is being said.

OK /əˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəʊˈkeɪ/ n
a
Endorsement; approval; acceptance; acquiescence.

OK /əˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəʊˈkeɪ/ v
pesind bûn
(transitive) To approve; to accept; to acquiesce to.
qebûl kirin
(transitive, computing) To confirm by activating a button marked OK.

Occitan /ˈɑksəˌtæn/ /ˈɑksɪˌtæn/ /ˈɒksəˌtæn/ /ˈɒksɪˌtæn/ pn
oksîtanî
A Romance language spoken in Occitania, a region of Europe that includes Southern France, Auvergne, Limousin, and some parts of Catalonia and Italy.

Oceania /-njə/ /ˌoʊ.ʃiˈæn.i.ə/ /ˌoʊʃiˈænə/ /ˌɐʉ.ʃiːˈaː.ni.ə/ /ˌəʉ.ʃiˈaː.ni.ə/ /ˌəʊ.ʃiˈɑː.nɪə/ pn
Okyanûsya
A geographical region or continent composed of many islands (Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia) plus Australasia. It is located between Asia, Antarctica and the Americas.

October /ɑkˈtoʊbɚ/ /ɒkˈtəʊbə/ [ɑkˈtʰoʊbɚ] pn
Cotmeh
The tenth month of the Gregorian calendar, following September and preceding November. Abbreviation: Oct.

Odyssey /ˈɑ.də.si/ /ˈɑ.dɪ.si/ /ˈɒ.də.si/ pn
Odîseya
An epic poem, ascribed to Homer, that describes the journey of Odysseus after the fall of Troy.

Old Persian pn
farisiya kevn
The ancestor language of Middle Persian, and via it of New Persian language. Attested in Old Persian cuneiform, in the period 525 B.C.E. - 300 B.C.E..

Oman /oʊˈmæn/ /oʊˈmɑn/ /əʊˈmɑːn/ /əˈmɑːn/ pn
Oman
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Sultanate of Oman. Capital: Muscat.

Ossetian /ɑˈsi.ʃən/ /ɑˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɑˈsɛt.jən/ /ɒˈsi(ː).ʃən/ /ɒˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɒˈsɛt.jən/ adj
osetî
Of, or pertaining to Ossetia or Ossetians.

Ossetian /ɑˈsi.ʃən/ /ɑˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɑˈsɛt.jən/ /ɒˈsi(ː).ʃən/ /ɒˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɒˈsɛt.jən/ n
osetî
A member of the Iranian people inhabiting Ossetia.

Ossetian /ɑˈsi.ʃən/ /ɑˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɑˈsɛt.jən/ /ɒˈsi(ː).ʃən/ /ɒˈsɛt.i.ən/ /ɒˈsɛt.jən/ pn
osetî
The Eastern Iranian language spoken by these people.

Ottoman Turkish pn
زمانی تورکیی عوسمانی
The variety of the Turkish language that was used as the administrative and literary language of the Ottoman Empire.

Our Father pn
Bavê me
(Christianity) (Our Father) The Lord's Prayer, which begins with these words.

Oxford /ˈɑksfɚd/ /ˈɒksfəd/ /ˈɔːksfəd/ pn
Oxford
A city, the county seat of Lafayette County, Mississippi; named for the city in England.

Pacific Ocean pn
Okyanûsa Mezin
An ocean, the world's largest body of water, to the east of Asia and Australasia and to the west of the Americas.

Pakistan /ˈpækəˌstaːn/ /ˈpækəˌstæn/ /ˈpækɪˌstæn/ /ˌpækɪˈstæn/ /ˌpækɪˈstɑːn/ /ˌpɑːkɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Pakistan
A country in South Asia. Official name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Capital: Islamabad.

Palestinian /pæl.əˈstɪn.i.ən/ n
filistînî
An inhabitant of Palestine or an Arab descending from that area.

Pan pn
nan
(Greek god) Greek god of nature, often visualized as half goat and half man playing pipes. His Roman counterpart is Faunus.
(astronomy) An inner moon of the planet Saturn, notable for its equatorial ridge.

Panama /ˈpæn.ə.mɑː/ pn
Panama
A country in Central America. Official name: Republic of Panama.

Panama City pn
Panama
The capital city of Panama.

Pangaea /pænˈd͡ʒiː.ə/ pn
Pangea
(geology) A supercontinent that included all the landmasses of the earth before the Triassic period and that broke up into Laurasia and Gondwana.

Papua New Guinea /ˈpaːpwə ˌnjuː ˈɡɪ.ni/ /ˈpæ.pjuː.ə ˌnjuː ˈɡɪ.ni/ /ˈpæp.u.ə ˌnu ˈɡɪn.i/ /ˈpæp.uː.ə ˌnjuː ˈɡɪn.i/ pn
Papua Gîneya Nû
A country in Oceania. Official name: Independent State of Papua New Guinea. Capital and largest city: Port Moresby.

Paradise /ˈpæɹ.ə.daɪs/ pn
asîman
(religion) Heaven.
beheşt
(religion) The Garden of Eden.

Paraguay /ˈpæɹ.ə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈpæɹ.ə.ɡweɪ/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.ɡweɪ/ pn
Paragûay
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Paraguay. Capital and largest city: Asunción.

Paraná pine n
çam
A South American pine-like conifer with edible nuts and valuable wood, Araucaria angustifolia

Paris /ˈpæɹ.ɪs/ /ˈpɛɹ.ɪs/ pn
Parîs
The capital and largest city of France.
A department of Île-de-France, France.

Parthian /ˈpɑɹθiən/ /ˈpɑːθɪən/ adj
par
Relating to Parthia or Parthians.

Parthian /ˈpɑɹθiən/ /ˈpɑːθɪən/ n
par
A native or inhabitant of Parthia.
An extinct Western Iranian language that was spoken in Parthia.

Pashto /ˈpæʃtəʊ/ /ˈpʌʃtəʊ/ n
Paştûnî
The native Indo-Iranian language of the Pashtun people; an official language of Afghanistan.

Pennsylvania /ˌpɛnsɪlˈveɪni.ə/ /ˌpɛnsɪlˈveɪnjə/ pn
Pennsylvania
A state of the United States. Capital: Harrisburg; largest city: Philadelphia.

Pentateuch /ˈpɛn.təˌtjuːk/ /ˈpɛn.təˌtuːk/ /ˈpɛn.təˌtʊk/ /ˈpɪn.təˌtuːk/ pn
Tewrat
The Torah: the first five books of the Bible: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

Peronism n
peronîzm
(politics) The eclectic political ideology attributed to the former Argentine leaders Juan Perón and Eva Duarte de Perón, combining populism, nationalism and state intervention, but originally chiefly centred on their personalities.

Persian /ˈpɜː(ɹ)ʃən/ /ˈpɜː.ʒən/ /ˈpɝʒən/ adj
farisî
Of or pertaining to the Persian language.

Persian /ˈpɜː(ɹ)ʃən/ /ˈpɜː.ʒən/ /ˈpɝʒən/ n
farisî
(uncountable) The Persian language, or a family of languages spoken primarily in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.
(countable) A person from Persia.

Peru /pəˈɹuː/ /ˈpɪəɹuː/ pn
Perû
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Peru. Capital and largest city: Lima.

Philadelphia /fɪləˈdɛlfi.ə/ [fɪɫəˈdɜɫfi.ə] pn
Philadelphia
A locale in the United States; named for the city in Pennsylvania.
A village in Brandenburg, Germany; named for the city in Pennsylvania.

Philippines /ˈfi.li.pins/ /ˈfi.lip.pins/ /ˈfɪl.ə.pinz/ /ˈfɪl.ɪ.pinz/ pn
Filîpîn Fîlîpîn
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of the Philippines. Capital: Manila.

Phosphorus /ˈfɑsfɚəs/ /ˈfɒsfərəs/ pn
Gelawêj
An Ancient Greek name for the morning star (the planet Venus when it is visible in the eastern sky before sunrise).

Pluto /ˈplutoʊ/ /ˈpluːtəʊ/ [ˈpluɾoʊ] pn
Pluton
(Greek god, Roman god) Greco-Roman god of the underworld.
(astronomy) The largest dwarf planet and formerly the ninth planet, represented by the symbol ♇ or ⯓, both now used mostly in astrology. [from 1930]

Plutonic /pluˈtɑnɪk/ /pluːˈtɒnɪk/ adj
kûr
(by extension, geology, mineralogy) Of or pertaining to rocks formed deep in the Earth's crust, rather than by volcanoes at the surface of the Earth.

Podgorica /ˈpɒdɡəɹɪtsa/ pn
Podgorika
The capital and largest city of Montenegro.

Poland /ˈpoʊ.lənd/ /ˈpəʊ.lənd/ pn
Polonya
A country in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Poland. Capital and largest city: Warsaw.

Pole /pol/ /poʊl/ /pɒʊl/ /pəʊl/ n
polonî
A person from Poland or of Polish descent.

Polish /ˈpoʊlɪʃ/ /ˈpəʊlɪʃ/ n
lehî
The language spoken in Poland.

Portugal /ˈpɔɹtuɡɑːl/ /ˈpɔɹt͡ʃəɡəl/ /ˈpɔːtjəɡəl/ /ˈpɔːt͡ʃəɡəl/ pn
Portekîz Portûgal
A country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula. Official name: Portuguese Republic. Capital and largest city: Lisbon.

Portuguese /ˈpɔɹ.t͡ʃə.ɡiz/ /ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/ adj
portugalî
Of or pertaining to the people of Portugal or their culture.

Portuguese /ˈpɔɹ.t͡ʃə.ɡiz/ /ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/ n
portugalî
(chiefly, in the plural) A person native to, or living in, Portugal.

Portuguese /ˈpɔɹ.t͡ʃə.ɡiz/ /ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/ pn
portugalî
A Romance language originating in Portugal, and now the official language of Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guiné Bissau (Guinea-Bissau), Cape Verde, East Timor, and Brazil.

Poseidon /pəˈsaɪdn̩/ pn
Neptûn
(Greek god) The god of the sea and other waters, earthquakes and horses; corresponds to the Roman god Neptune.

Prague /pɹeɪ̯ɡ/ /pɹɑːɡ/ pn
Prag
The capital city of the Czech Republic; former capital of Czechoslovakia; former capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia.

Prometheus /pɹoʊˈmiθi.əs/ /pɹəˈmiːθi.əs/ pn
Promêteûs
(Greek god) The Titan chiefly honored for stealing fire from Zeus in the stalk of a fennel plant and giving it to mortals for their use. The god of fire and craft.

Puerto Rico /ˌpwɛə(ɹ)təˈɹiːkəʊ/ /ˌpwɛɹtoʊˈɹikoʊ/ /ˌpwɜː(ɹ)təˈɹiːkəʊ/ /ˌpɔɹtəˈɹikoʊ/ [ˌpɔɚɾəˈɹikoʊ] pn
Porto Rîko
A self-governing commonwealth and dependent territory of the United States in the Caribbean.

Putin /ˈpuː.tɪn/ pn
Putîn
A surname from Russian.

Pyrenees /ˈpɪɹəˌniz/ /ˌpɪɹəˈniːz/ pn
Pîrenê
The mountain range separating Spain from France, inhabited by Basques in the west, Occitans in the centre-north, Aragonese in the centre-south, and Catalans in the east.

Pythagoras /paɪˈθæɡ.əɹ.əs/ /pɪˈθæɡ.əɹ.əs/ pn
Pîsagor
Pythagoras (c. 570 – c. 495 BC), an Ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher.

Qatar /kəˈtɑɹ/ /ˈkæˌtɑɹ/ /ˈkɑtɑɹ/ /ˈkɑtɚ/ /ˈkʌtəɹ/ /ˈɡɑtəɹ/ /ˈɡʌtəɹ/ pn
Qeter
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: State of Qatar. Capital: Doha.

Qizilbash n
qizilbaş

Quechua /ˈkɛt͡ʃwə/ /ˈkɛt͡ʃəwə/ n
quechua
A member of one of several South American ethnic groups that spans Peru, Bolivia, northwestern Argentina, northern Chile, and in Ecuador and southern Colombia.

Quechua /ˈkɛt͡ʃwə/ /ˈkɛt͡ʃəwə/ pn
quechua
The language spoken by these people.

Quechuan /ˈkɛt͡ʃwən/ /ˈkɛt͡ʃəwən/ adj
quechua
Of or pertaining to the Quechua people or language.

Qur'an /koʊˈɹæn/ /kɔˈɹɑn/ /kəˈɹæn/ /kəˈɹɑn/ /kəˈɹɑːn/ pn
Quran
The Islamic holy book, considered by Muslims to be the word of God as revealed to Muhammad.

Republic of Armenia pn
Ermenistan
The official name of Armenia.

Republic of Azerbaijan pn
Azerbeycan
The official name of Azerbaijan (country in the Caucasus).

Republic of China /ɹɪˈpʌblɪk əv ˈt͡ʃaɪnə/ pn
Taywan
A country in East Asia; modern-day Taiwan, the rump state left over from the Republic of China on the mainland after 1949.

Republic of Estonia pn
Estonya
The official name of Estonia. [20th c.]

Riyadh /ɹiˈjɑːd/ pn
Riyad
A province of Saudi Arabia. Capital: Riyadh.
The capital city of Saudi Arabia.

Romance adj
roman
Of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin: French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Galician, Romanian, Catalan, Occitan, etc.

Romanesque /ˌɹoʊməˈnɛsk/ /ˌɹəʊməˈnɛsk/ adj
roman
Somewhat resembling the Roman; applied sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman Empire, but especially to the more developed art and architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the 12th.

Romania /ɹoʊˈmeɪ.ni.ə/ /ɹuˈmeɪ.ni.ə/ /ɹəʊˈmeɪ.ni.ə/ /ɹʊˈmeɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Romanya
A country in Southeast Europe. Capital and largest city: Bucharest.

Romanian /ɹoʊˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹoˈmɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹəʊˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹəˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ n
rûmenî ڕۆمانی
(uncountable) The official language of Romania and Moldova.

Romansch /ɹoʊˈmænʃ/ /ɹoʊˈmɑnʃ/ /ɹə(ʊ)ˈmanʃ/ pn
romanş
(strict sense) A Rhaeto-Romance language (or dialect continuum) spoken in the Graubünden/Grisons canton of Switzerland; it is one of the four official languages of Switzerland.

Rome /ɹoʊm/ /ɹum/ /ɹəʊm/ pn
Roma
A city on the Tiber River on the Italian peninsula; ancient capital of the Roman Empire; capital city of Italy; capital city of the region of Lazio.

Russia /ˈɹʌʃə/ pn
Rûsya
A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia. Official name: Russian Federation. Capital and largest city: Moscow. It borders the Pacific and Arctic Oceans and the Baltic, Black, and Caspian Seas. Part of the Soviet Union from 1917 through 1991.

Russian /ˈɹʌʃ(ə)n/ adj
zimanê rûsî
Of or pertaining to Russia.
(dated) Of or pertaining to Rus.
Of or pertaining to the Russian language.

Russian /ˈɹʌʃ(ə)n/ n
zimanê rûsî
(countable) An ethnic Russian: a member of the East Slavic ethnic group which is native to, and constitutes the majority of the population of, Russia.
(countable, obsolete) A person from the Soviet Union
Ûrisî
(uncountable) The Russian language.

Russian doll n
matruşka
One of a set of hollow nesting dolls, usually wooden and decorated.

Russian oven n
patin
A kind of oven/furnace that first appeared in the 15th century, used for both cooking and domestic heating in traditional Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian households, and designed to retain heat for long periods of time by channeling the smoke and hot air of combustion through a labyrinth of passages.

Ruy Lopez pn
spanî
(chess) A common chess opening, an Open Game characterized by the moves 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5, in which White moves king's bishop to the fifth rank.

Rwanda /ɹuˈændə/ /ɹuˈɑndə/ /ɹəˈwændə/ /ɹəˈwɑndə/ /ɹəˈwɒndə/ pn
Rwanda
A country in East Africa.

Réunion /ɹeɪ.uːniˈɒn/ /ɹiːˈjuːnjən/ pn
Réunion
An island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar.

SMS /ˌɛs ɛm ˈɛs/ n
XPK
(telecommunications) Initialism of Short Message Service. A service to send text messages on a cell phone.

SNAFU /snæfˈuː/ /ˈsnɑːfuː/ n
kerxane
A ridiculously chaotic situation.

Sabbath /ˈsæbəθ/ n
yekşem
Sunday, observed in most of Christianity as a day of rest and worship.

Saint Lucia /seɪnt ˈluː.ʃə/ pn
Saint Lucia
An island and country in the Caribbean. Capital: Castries.

Saint Petersburg /sənt ˈpiːtə(r)zˌbɜː(r)ɡ/ pn
Sankt Petersburg
A federal city of Russia, known between 1914 and 1924 as Petrograd and between 1924 and 1991 as Leningrad, and former capital of Russia (1713–1728, 1732–1918).
a city in Florida, United States.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines /- ˌɡɹɛn.əˈdiːnz/ /seɪnt ˈvɪnt.sənt ən ðə ˈɡɹɛn.əˌdiːnz/ pn
Saint Vincent û Giravên Grenadîn
An archipelago and country in the Caribbean, comprising the islands of Saint Vincent and the island chain of the Grenadines.

Sami /ˈsæmi/ /ˈsɑːmi/ n
samî
A member of an indigenous Finno-Ugric people of Lapland.

Sami /ˈsæmi/ /ˈsɑːmi/ pn
samî
(countable) Any of the languages of the Sami people.

Samoa /saː.mo.a/ /səˈmoʊ.ə/ /səˈməʊ.ə/ /ˈsaʊ.məʊ.ə/ /ˈsaːˌmaʉ̯.ə/ pn
Samoa
A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania. Official name: Independent State of Samoa. Capital and largest city: Apia. Formerly Western Samoa, and, before that, German Samoa. It is distinct from American Samoa.

San Marino /ˌsæn məˈɹi.noʊ/ /ˌsæn məˈɹiː.nəʊ/ pn
San Marîno
A landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy. Official name: Republic of San Marino.

Sanskrit /ˈsænskɹɪt/ n
sanskrîtî
A classical Indo-European language of South Asia, which is the liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism. [from 1610s]

Sardinian pn
sardî
A Romance language spoken in the Italian region of Sardinia.

Saturday /ˈsæ-/ /ˈsætədeɪ/ /ˈsætədi/ /ˈsætədæɪ/ /ˈsætəɹdeɪ/ /ˈsætəɹdi/ /ˈsɑːtədeɪ/ [ˈsæɾɚdeɪ̯] [ˈsæɾɚdi] adv
şamî
(US, Canada, informal in UK) On Saturday.

Saturday /ˈsæ-/ /ˈsætədeɪ/ /ˈsætədi/ /ˈsætədæɪ/ /ˈsætəɹdeɪ/ /ˈsætəɹdi/ /ˈsɑːtədeɪ/ [ˈsæɾɚdeɪ̯] [ˈsæɾɚdi] n
paşînî
The seventh day of the week in many religious traditions, and the sixth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; observed as the Sabbath/Shabbat in Judaism (Friday sunset to Saturday sunset); it follows Friday and precedes Sunday.

Saturn /ˈsæt.ən/ /ˈsæt.ɚn/ pn
Keywan
(astronomy) The sixth planet of the solar system, known for its large rings, and until recent times the furthest known; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♄.
(Roman god) The god of fertility and agriculture, equivalent to the Greek Kronos.

Saudi Arabia /ˌsaʊ.di əˈɹeɪ.bi.ə/ /ˌsɔː.di əˈɹeɪ.bi.ə/ pn
Erebistana Siûdî
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Capital: Riyadh.

Scandinavia /skændɪˈneɪvi.ə/ pn
Skandinavya
Denmark, Norway, and Sweden collectively and sometimes Finland, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands.

Scorpio /ˈskɔːpɪəʊ/ /ˈskɔːɹpɪoʊ/ n
dûpişk
Someone with a Scorpio star sign

Scorpio /ˈskɔːpɪəʊ/ /ˈskɔːɹpɪoʊ/ pn
Dûvpişk
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the scorpion, ruled by Mars and covering October 23 - November 22 (tropical astrology) or November 16 - December 15 (sidereal astrology).

Scorpius /ˈskɔːpɪəs/ /ˈskɔːɹpɪəs/ pn
Dûvpişk
(constellation) A constellation of the zodiac, roughly shaped like a scorpion. Its brightest star is the red giant Antares.

Scotland /ˈskɑt.lənd/ /ˈskɒt.lənd/ /ˈskɔʔ.lənd/ pn
Îskoçya
A constituent country of the United Kingdom, located in northwest Europe to the north of England

Second World pn
rojhilat
Those countries aligned with the East during the Cold War, particularly in contrast to those aligned with the West (First World).

Seine /seɪn/ /sɛn/ pn
Çemê Seine
A former department of France, the capital city of which was Paris.

Sejm /seɪm/ pn
diyet
The lower house of the Polish parliament.

Senate pn
senato
Any of several legislative bodies. (In countries which have multiple legislative bodies, the Senate is often the more senior.)
(Canada) The Senate of Canada; the upper house of the Canadian parliament; "the Senate".
(US) The United States Senate.

Senegal /ˌsɛn.ɪ.ˈɡɑːl/ /ˌsɛn.ɪ.ˈɡɔːl/ pn
Senegal
A country in West Africa. Official name: Republic of Senegal.

Seoul /soʊl/ /səʊl/ pn
Sêûl
The capital city of South Korea, also the historical capital of Korea from 1394 until the country was divided in 1945.

September /səpˈtɛmbə/ /səpˈtɛmbɚ/ /sɛpˈtɛmbə/ /sɛpˈtɛmbɚ/ pn
îlon
The ninth month of the Gregorian calendar, following August and preceding October. Abbreviations: Sep or Sep., Sept or Sept.

Serb /ˈsɜːb/ /ˈsɝb/ n
serbî
A person of Serb descent (not necessarily from Serbia). (Compare Serbian.)

Serbia /ˈsɜː.bi.ə/ /ˈsɝ.bi.ə/ pn
Serbistan
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Serbia. Capital and largest city: Belgrade. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992, then part of Serbia and Montenegro until 2006.

Serbian /ˈsɜː(ɹ)biːən/ adj
sirbî
Of, from, or pertaining to Serbia and Serbians.
Of or pertaining to Serbian language.

Serbian /ˈsɜː(ɹ)biːən/ n
sirbî
(uncountable) The standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs.
serbî سربی
(historical) Serbo-Croatian in general, as spoken in Serbia.

Seychelles /seɪˈʃɛl/ /seɪˈʃɛlz/ /ˈseɪʃɛl/ /ˈseɪʃɛlz/ pn
Seyşel
An archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean. Official name: Republic of Seychelles.

Sha'ban pn
şe’ban
The eighth month of the Islamic calendar.

Shi'ism /ˈʃiːɪz(ə)m/ n
Şiîtî
The religion of Shi'i Muslims.

Siberia [saɪˈbɪəɹɪə] [saɪˈbɪɹiə] pn
Sîbîrya
The region of Russia in Asia, stretching from the Urals to the Pacific Ocean.

Sicilian /sɪˈsɪljən/ /sɪˈsɪlɪən/ pn
sîcîlyanî
The language of Sicily.

Sierra Leone /siˌɛɹə liˈoʊn/ pn
Sierra Leone
A country in West Africa. Official name: Republic of Sierra Leone.

Silesian /saɪˈliːzi.ən/ pn
silesî
(uncountable) Upper Silesian, a West Slavic language spoken in southwestern parts of Poland and the Czech Republic.

Singapore /sɪŋəˈpɔː/ /sɪŋɡəˈpɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪŋəpoɹ/ /ˈsɪŋəpɔː/ /ˈsɪŋɡəpɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪŋʌ-/ pn
Singapûr
An island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony. Official name: Republic of Singapore.

Sino-Korean adj
Sîno-koreyî
Of or pertaining both to China and to Korea; being both Chinese and Korean.

Skopje /ˈskɔpjɛ/ pn
Skopye
The capital city of North Macedonia.

Slav /slæv/ /slɑːv/ n
slavonî
A member of any of the peoples of Europe who speak the Slavic languages.

Slavic /ˈslævɪk/ /ˈslɑːvɪk/ adj
slavonî
Of the Slavs, their culture or the branch of the Indo-European languages associated with them.

Slovak /sləˈvæk/ /sləˈvɑːk/ /ˈsloʊvæk/ /ˈsloʊvɑːk/ n
slovakî
(uncountable) The Slavic language of Slovakia.

Slovakia /sloʊˈvæ.ki.ə/ /sloʊˈvɑ.ki.ə/ /sləʊˈvæ.ki.ə/ /sləʊˈvɑː.ki.ə/ pn
Slovakya
A country in Central Europe. Official name: Slovak Republic. Capital and largest city: Bratislava.

Slovenia /sloʊˈvi.ni.ə/ /sloʊˈvin.jə/ /sləʊˈviː.ni.ə/ /sləʊˈviːn.jə/ pn
Slovenya
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Slovenia. Capital and largest city: Ljubljana. Part of Yugoslavia until 1991.

Society of Jesus pn
Civata Îsewiyan
An order of Roman Catholic clergy, the Jesuits, having a tradition of education, theological scholarship, and missionary work; formed during the 16th century.

Socrates /ˈsɑkɹətiz/ /ˈsɒkɹətiːz/ pn
Sokrates
A en given name of mostly historical use, known after a Greek philosopher.

Solar System /ˈsoʊ.lɚ ˌsɪs.təm/ /ˈsəʊl.ə ˌsɪs.təm/ pn
Pergala rojê
(astronomy) The Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it, including the eight planets, their moons, the asteroids, and comets.

Solomon Islands /ˈsɑ.lə.mən ˈaɪ.ləndz/ /ˈsɒl.ə.mən ˈaɪ.ləndz/ /ˈsɒləmən ˈaɪləndz/ pn
Giravên Salomon
A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands. Official name: Solomon Islands. Capital and largest city: Honiara.

Somalia /səˈmɑːliə/ pn
Somaliya Somalya
A country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa. Official name: Federal Republic of Somalia. Capital: Mogadishu.

Sorani pn
soranî
The Kurdish language spoken by the majority of Kurds in Iran and Iraq.

Sorbian /ˈsɔːbi.ən/ /ˈsɔːɹbi.ən/ pn
sorbî
A group of Slavic languages spoken by a minority in eastern Germany.

South Africa /ˌsaʊθ ˈæf.ɹɪ.kə/ [sɑɤ̯ˈθɛ̞frɘkə] pn
Afrîka Başûr
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of South Africa. Capitals: Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein.

South America /ˌsaʊθ əˈmɛɹɪkə/ pn
Amerîkaya Başûr
The continent that is the southern part of the Americas. It is east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, south of North America and north of Antarctica.

South Carolina /ˌsaʊθ kæɹəˈlaɪnə/ /ˌsaʊθ kɛɹəˈlaɪnə/ pn
Karolîna Başûr
A state of the United States.

South China Sea pn
Deryaya Çîna Başûr
The western arm of the Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland and Taiwan, Borneo and the Philippines.

South Korea pn
Komara Korêyê
A country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. Official name: Republic of Korea. Capital: Seoul.

South Sudan /ˌsaʊθ suˈdæn/ pn
Sûdana Başûr
A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of South Sudan, formerly the southern part of Sudan.

Southeast Asia pn
Başûr-rojhilatê Asyayê
A subregion of Asia, comprising the territories of Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Southern Ocean pn
Okyanûsa Başûr
The portion of the World Ocean surrounding Antarctica, variously taken as the waters south of the Antarctic Circle, the waters south of 60° S, or the waters bounded by the Antarctic Convergence.

Spain /speɪn/ /spæɪn/ pn
Spanya
A country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula. Official name: Kingdom of Spain. Capital and largest city: Madrid.

Spanish /ˈspæn.ɪʃ/ adj
spanî
Of or pertaining to the people or culture of Spain.

Spanish /ˈspæn.ɪʃ/ n
spanî
(collective plural) People of Spain, collectively.

Spanish /ˈspæn.ɪʃ/ pn
spanî
(uncountable) A Romance language primarily spoken in Spain and in the Americas.

Spanish chestnut n
kestane
The fruit of this tree.

Spanish sparrow n
ebûr
Passer hispaniolensis, a small passerine bird in the family Passeridae

Sr. adj
bav
Abbreviation of senior. A title used after a father's name when his son is given the same name.

Sranan Tongo pn
siranantongoyî
A creole language spoken as a first language by approximately 126,000 people in Suriname, the mother tongue of the Creoles.

Sri Lanka /sɹ/ /sɹiˈlæŋkə/ /sɹiˈlɑːŋkə/ /ʃɹ/ /ʃɹiˈlɑːŋkə/ pn
Srî Lanka
An island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India. Official name: Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Capital: Colombo.

Stockholm /ˈstɒkhoʊ(l)m/ /ˈstɒkhɒlm/ pn
Stokholm
A municipality, the capital and largest city of Sweden; county seat of Stockholm County, Sweden.

Strauss /stɹaʊs/ pn
hêştirme
A surname from German.

Sudan /suˈdæn/ /suˈdɑn/ /suːˈdɑːn/ /sʉːˈdæn/ /sʉːˈdɐːn/ pn
Sudan
Republic of the Sudan, since 1955

Sun /sʌn/ pn
Roj
The star at the center of the Solar System (our solar system), which shines in our sky, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☉.

Sunday /ˈsʌn.deɪ/ /ˈsʌn.di/ n
yekşem Dusem
The first day of the week in many religious traditions, and the seventh day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 standard; the Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day; it follows Saturday and precedes Monday.

Suriname /ˈsʊə.ɹɪ.næm/ /ˈsʊɹ.ɪ.næm/ /ˈsʊɹ.ɪ.nɑm/ /ˌsjʊə.ɹɪˈnæm/ /ˌsʊə.ɹɪˈnæm/ /ˌsʊɹ.ɪˈnɑm/ pn
Sûrînam
A country in South America. Official name: Republic of Suriname. Capital and largest city: Paramaribo.

Swaziland /ˈswɑːziˌlænd/ pn
Siwaziland
(historical) The former name of Eswatini, a country in Southern Africa.

Swede /swiːd/ n
Svêçî
A person from Sweden or of Swedish descent.

Sweden /ˈswi.dən/ /ˈswiː.dən/ pn
Swêd
A country in Scandinavia in Europe. Official name: Kingdom of Sweden

Swedish /ˈswiː.dɪʃ/ pn
swêdî
The language of Sweden and Åland (an autonomous part of Finland). Swedish is also one of the two official languages of Finland, spoken by 6% of the citizens. A very small minority in Estonia has Swedish as their mother tongue.

Swiss /swɪs/ n
Swîsre
(countable) A person from Switzerland or of Swiss descent.

Switzerland /ˈswɪt.sə.lənd/ /ˈswɪt.sɚ.lənd/ pn
Swîsre
A country in Western Europe and Central Europe. Official name: Swiss Confederation. Capital: Bern (de facto).

Syria /ˈsɪɹi.ə/ pn
Sûriye Sûrî
(historical) Syria (an ancient region in the Levant in Western Asia, roughly coextensive with the modern country of Syria).

São Tomé and Príncipe /ˌsaʊ təˈmeɪ ən ˈpɹɪnsɪpeɪ/ pn
Sao Tome û Prînsîpe
A country and archipelago in Central Africa, in the Atlantic Ocean. Official name: Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe. Capital: São Tomé.

Taiwan /ˌtaɪˈwæn/ /ˌtaɪˈwɑn/ /ˌtaɪˈwɑːn/ /ˌtaɪˈwɒn/ pn
Taywan
A country in East Asia. Official name: Republic of China. Capital: Taipei. [from 20th c.]
An island between the Taiwan Strait and Philippine Sea in East Asia. [1600s]

Tajikistan pn
Tacîkistan Tacikistan
A country in Central Asia. Official name: Republic of Tajikistan. Capital: Dushanbe.

Tanzania /ˌtænzəˈniːə/ pn
Tanzanya
A country in East Africa. Official name: United Republic of Tanzania.

Tashkent /ˌtæʃˈkɛnt/ /ˌtɑːʃˈkɛnt/ pn
Taşkent
The capital city of Uzbekistan.

Tbilisi /tə.bɪˈliː.si/ /təˈbliː.si/ /təˈbɪ.lɪ.si/ pn
Tbîlîsî
The capital city of the country of Georgia.

Tehran /ˈteəɹ.ɑːn/ /ˈtɛ.ɹæn/ pn
Tehran
The capital city of Iran.

Tetum pn
tetum
The Malayo-Polynesian national language of East Timor.

Thailand /ˈtaɪlænd/ /ˈtaɪlənd/ pn
Tayland
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Kingdom of Thailand. Capital: Bangkok. Former name: Siam.

Thursday /ˈθɘːzdæɪ̯/ /ˈθɜːzdeɪ/ /ˈθɜːzdi/ /ˈθɝzdeɪ/ /ˈθɝzdi/ /ˈθɵːzdæe/ n
pêncşem
The fifth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fourth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Wednesday and precedes Friday.

Tibet /təˈbɛt/ /tɪˈbɛt/ pn
Tîbet
The Tibetan Plateau, a plateau region in Central Asia, where the Tibetan people traditionally live, encompassing what is now Tibet Autonomous Region (also called Xizang), most of Qinghai, the western half of Sichuan, a small part of Yunnan and a small part of Gansu in the People's Republic of China, and also the country of Bhutan, and the Indian regions of Sikkim and Ladakh.

Tiflis pn
Tbîlîsî
(chiefly, _, historical) Former name of Tbilisi, the capital city of the country of Georgia.

Titan /ˈtaɪtən/ n
tîtan
(Greek god) Any of the race of giant gods in Greek mythology that preceded and was overthrown by the Olympian gods.

Tocharian /toʊˈkɑɹi.ən/ /toʊˈkɛɹi.ən/ /təuˈkɑːɹi.ən/ /təuˈkɛəɹi.ən/ pn
toxarî
(linguistics) An extinct branch of the Indo-European language family, consisting of two languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B, written in an abugida derived from Brahmi.

Togo /ˈtoʊɡoʊ/ pn
Togo
A country in West Africa. Official name: Togolese Republic.

Tokyo /ˈtoʊ.ki.oʊ/ /ˈtoʊ.kjoʊ/ /ˈtəʊ.ki.əʊ/ pn
Tokyo
A prefecture, the capital city of Japan.

Tonga /ˈtoʊŋ.ə/ /ˈtɑŋ.ɡə/ /ˈtɒŋ.ə/ /ˈtɒŋ.ɡə/ /ˈtɔŋ.ɡə/ pn
Tonga
A country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania. Official name: Kingdom of Tonga. Capital and largest city: Nuku'alofa.

Torah /ˈtɔːɹə/ pn
Tewrat
The first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, attributed to Moses and therefore also known as the Five Books of Moses.

Treasury pn
gencîne
Any specific instance of a government department responsible for the collection, management, and expenditure of public revenue.

Trinidad and Tobago /ˌtɹɪn.ə.dæd ænd təˈbeɪ.ɡoʊ/ /ˌtɹɪn.ə.dæd ænd təˈbeɪ.ɡəʊ/ /ˌtɹɪn.ɪ.dæd ænd toʊˈbeɪ.ɡoʊ/ /ˌtɹɪn.ɪ.dæd ænd təʊˈbeɪ.ɡəʊ/ pn
Trînîdad û Tobago
A country and islands in the Caribbean. Official name: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago.

Tripoli /tɹɪˈpoʊlə/ /ˈtɹɪpəli/ pn
Trablûs
The capital city of Libya, originally three separate settlements known as Oea, Sabratha, and Leptis Magna.

Tue n
hebûn
Abbreviation of Tuesday.

Tuesday /ˈt(j)uzdeɪ/ /ˈt(j)uzdi/ /ˈtjuːzd(e)ɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃuːzd(e)ɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃʉːzdæe/ adv
sêşem
(US, Canada, informal in UK) On Tuesday.

Tuesday /ˈt(j)uzdeɪ/ /ˈt(j)uzdi/ /ˈtjuːzd(e)ɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃuːzd(e)ɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃʉːzdæe/ n
sêşem
The third day of the week in many religious traditions, and the second day of the week in systems that use the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Monday and precedes Wednesday.

Tunis /ˈtjuːnɪs/ /ˈtuːnəs/ pn
Tûnis
Tunis Governorate, one of the 24 governorates of Tunisia, which includes the capital.

Tunisia /tjuːˈnɪzi.ə/ /tuˈniʒ.ə/ pn
Tûnis
The Republic of Tunisia, since 1956

Turk /tɜːk/ /tɝk/ n
Tirk
A speaker of the various Turkic languages.
A person from Turkey or of Turkish ethnic descent. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]

Turkey /ˈtɜː.ki/ /ˈtɝ.ki/ pn
Tirkiye
A country located in Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia. Official name: Republic of Türkiye. Capital: Ankara

Turkic /ˈtɜːkɪk/ /ˈtɝkɪk/ adj
Tirk
Of or relating to the Turkic peoples or the Turkic languages.

Turkic /ˈtɜːkɪk/ /ˈtɝkɪk/ pn
tirkî
Any branch of that family.

Turkish /ˈtɜː.kɪʃ/ /ˈtɝ.kɪʃ/ [ˈtɐ˞.kɪʃ] [ˈtɚ.kɪʃ] pn
tirkî
The official language of Turkey, Republic of Cyprus (alongside Greek) and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus pn
Komara Tirk a Bakurê Kîprosê

Turkmenistan /tɚkˈmɛn.ɪ.stæn/ /ˌtɜːkmɛn.ɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Turkmenistan
A country in Central Asia. Capital: Ashgabat.

Tuvalu /tuˈvɑ.lu/ /tuːˈvɑː.luː/ /tʉːˈvɐːlʉː/ /ˈtu.və.lu/ /ˈtuː.və.luː/ /ˌtuːvəˈluː/ pn
Tûvalû
A country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania. Capital and largest city: Funafuti.

UN pn
NY
Initialism of United Nations.

UN Security Council pn
Konseya Ewlekariyê ya Neteweyên Yekbûyî
The permanent international peacekeeping organ of the United Nations.

Uganda /(j)uˈɡændə/ /(j)uˈɡɑːndə/ pn
Uganda
A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of Uganda.

Ukraine /juˈkɹeɪn/ /juːˈkɹeɪn/ /ˈjuˌkɹeɪn/ /ˈjuːˌkɹeɪn/ [ju̟ˈkɹeɪ̯n] [ˈjuˌkɹeɪ̯n] pn
Ukrayna Ûkrayna
A country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea. Capital and largest city: Kyiv.

Ukrainian /juˈkɹeɪ.ni.ən/ /juːˈkɹeɪ.nɪ.ən/ /jʊ-/ adj
Ukrayna
Relating to Ukraine or its people or language.

United Arab Emirates /juˌnaɪ̯tɪd ˌaɹəb ˈɛmɪɹɪ(t)s/ /jʊˌnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d ˌɛɹəb ˈɛmɪɹɪts/ pn
Emîrtiyên Yekbûyî yên Erebî
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Capital: Abu Dhabi. Largest city: Dubai.

United Kingdom /juːˌnaɪ.tɪd ˈkɪŋ.dəm/ /jəˌnaɪ.tɪd ˈkɪŋ.dəm/ /jʊˌnaɪ.tɪd ˈkɪŋ.dəm/ pn
Keyaniya Yekbûyî
A kingdom and sovereign state in Western Europe comprising the four countries of England, Scotland and Wales on the island of Great Britain, and Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland since 1922.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland /jʊˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm əv ˌɡɹeɪt ˈbɹɪtən ən ˌnɔː(ɹ)ðə(ɹ)n ˈaɪə(ɹ)lənd/ pn
Keyatiya Yekbuyî ya Brîtaniya Mezin û Îrlanda Bakur
The official name of the United Kingdom (since 1927).

United Nations /juˌnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz/ /jʊ-/ pn
Neteweyên Yekbûyî
(in the singular) An international coalition, founded in 1945 and headquartered in New York City, that aims to promote global co-operation and maintain international order.

United States /juˌnaɪtɪ̈d ˈsteɪts/ /juːˌnaɪtɨd ˈsteɪts/ /jʊˌnaɪtɨd ˈsteɪts/ [juˌnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d ˈsteɪ̯ts] [jɪ̈-] pn
Dewletên Yekbûyî
(in the plural) The collection of individual states of the United States of America.

United States of America /juˌnaɪtəd ˌsteɪts əv əˈmɛɹəkə/ /juːˌnaɪtɨd ˌsteɪts əv əˈmɛɹɨkə/ pn
Dewletên Yekbûyî yên Amerîkayê
A country in North America, stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and including Alaska, Hawaii, and several territories.

Universe /ˈjuːnəˌvɝs/ /ˈjuːnɪˌvɜːs/ pn
barîgeh
Our universe, the sum of everything that exists in the cosmos, including time and space itself.

Ural /ˈjʊəɹəl/ /ˈʊəɹɑːl/ pn
Ûralê
A river that rises in the Urals and flows through Russia and Kazakhstan

Uranus /juˈɹeɪnəs/ /jʊˈɹeɪnəs/ /ˈjʊɹənəs/ pn
Ûranûs
(astronomy) The seventh planet in our solar system, discovered in 1781 by William Herschel.
(Greek god) The Greek god who personified the sky and heavens and fathered the Titans. Roman counterpart: Caelus.

Urdu /ˈɜːˌduː/ /ˈʊəɹduː/ /ˈʊəˌduː/ pn
urdu
Modern Standard Urdu, an Indo-Aryan language with native speakers mainly in Pakistan and North India. It is a standardized and Persianized version of Hindustani.

Uruguay /ˈjʊə.ɹə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈjʊɹ.ə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈʊɹ.ə.ɡweɪ/ pn
Ûrûgûay
A country in South America. Official name: Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Capital and largest city: Montevideo.

Uzbekistan /ʊzˌbɛkɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Ûzbêkistan
A country in Central Asia. Official name: Republic of Uzbekistan. Capital: Tashkent.

Valencia /vəˈlɛnsi.ə/ pn
Valencia
The capital city of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain.

Vanuatu /væn.uːˈɑː.tuː/ /vɑ.nuˈɑ.tu/ /ˌvænuːˈaːtuː/ pn
Vanûatû
A country and archipelago in Melanesia in Oceania. Official name: Republic of Vanuatu. Capital and largest city: Port Vila.

Vatican /ˈvæ.tɪ.kən/ pn
Vatîkan
A city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. Official name: Vatican City State.

Vatican City /ˈvæ.tɪ.kən ˈsɪt.i/ pn
Vatîkan
A city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. Official name: Vatican City State.

Venezuela /ˌvɛn.əˈzweɪ.lə/ /ˌvɛn.ɛzˈweɪ.lə/ /ˌvɛn.ɪˈzweɪ.lə/ pn
Venezuela
A country in South America. Official name: Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Capital and largest city: Caracas.

Venice /ˈvɛnɪs/ pn
Vênîsya
the port city in Veneto, on the Adriatic, in northeastern Italy, former capital of an independent republic.

Venus /ˈvinəs/ /ˈviːnəs/ [ˈvinɪ̈s] [ˈvɛ.nɐs] pn
Gelawêj
(astronomy) The second planet in the Solar system, named for the goddess; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♀.
(Roman god) The goddess of love, beauty, fertility, and sexuality; the Roman counterpart of Aphrodite.

Versailles /vɚˈsaɪ/ /vɚˈzaɪ/ /vɛəˈsaɪ/ pn
Versailles
A city, suburb of Paris and capital of Yvelines department, Île-de-France, and the former capital of France.

Vienna /vaɪˈi.nə/ /vaɪˈæ.nə/ /vaɪˈɛ.nə/ /viˈɛ.nə/ /ˈvaɪ.ə.nə/ pn
Viyana
A state of Austria, including the city, within the state of Lower Austria.

Vietnam /(ˈ)vitˈnæm/ /(ˈ)vitˈnɑm/ /(ˈ)viːətˈnæm/ /(ˈ)viːətˈnɑːm/ /(ˈ)vjɛt-/ /(ˈ)vjɛtˈnæm/ /(ˈ)vjɛtˈnɑːm/ /-ˈnæm/ /viˌɛtˈnɑm/ /viˌɪt/ /ˌvi.ət-/ /ˌvi.ɪt-/ /ˌvjɛʔˈnɑːm/ pn
Viyetnam
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Capital: Hanoi.

Viking /ˈvaɪkɪŋ/ n
vîkîng
(historical) Scandinavian/Northern European seafarers, most familiarly raiders and pirates during the Viking age.

Vilnius /ˈvɪlni.əs/ /ˈvɪlnjəs/ pn
Vilnius
The capital city of Lithuania.

Volapük /volaˈpyk/ /ˈvɒləˌpjuk/ /ˈvɒləˌpʊk/ pn
volapûkî
An artificial language (constructed language) created in 1879 by Johann Martin Schleyer.

Wallonia /wəˈləʊnɪə/ pn
Walonya
Federal Region of southern Belgium where French and German are the official languages, and where Lorrain, Luxembourgish, Picard, Franconian and Walloon languages are also spoken.

Warsaw /ˈwɔɹsɔ/ /ˈwɔːsɔː/ pn
Warşova
The capital city of Poland; capital city of the Masovian Voivodeship.

Washington /wɔɹʃɪŋtən/ /ˈwɑʃɪŋtən/ /ˈwɒʃɪŋtən/ /ˈwɔʃɪŋtən/ pn
Washington
Washington state (a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States; capital: Olympia; largest city: Seattle)
A placename:

Washington, D.C. /ˈwɑʃɪŋtən ˈdiː ˌsiː/ pn
Washington
The capital city of the United States, formally known as the District of Columbia. Abbreviated as D.C. or DC.

Wednesday /ˈwenzdæe/ /ˈwɛ(ʔə)nzde/ /ˈwɛdnz-/ /ˈwɛnzdeɪ/ /ˈwɛnzdi/ n
çarşem
The fourth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the third day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Tuesday and precedes Thursday.

West Bank pn
Urduna Rojava
A Palestinian territory on the west bank of the Jordan river, claimed by both Israel and the State of Palestine.

Western Sahara pn
Sahraya Rojava
A territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory.

Wikipedia /ˌwɪkiˈpiːdi.ə/ /ˌwɪkəˈpiːdi.ə/ /ˌwɪkɪˈpiːdɪə/ pn
Wîkîpediya
A free-content, multilingual, online encyclopedia and wiki run by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Wiktionarian n
wîksiyonarîst
(Wikimedia jargon) A person who contributes to Wiktionary, especially a regular contributor versed in the ways of the site.

Wiktionary /ˈwɪkt͡ʃəˌnɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪkʃən(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪkʃəˌnɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪkʃəˌnɛɹi/ /ˈʋɪk.ʃə.nɛ.ri/ /ˈʋɪkʃ.nə.ri/ [ˈwikʃ.nə.ɾi] pn
Wîkîferheng ویکیفه‌رهه‌نگ
A particular version of this dictionary project, written in a certain language, such as the English-language Wiktionary (often known simply as the English Wiktionary).

Wild West pn
kerxane
(by extension) A place or situation in which disorderly behavior prevails, especially due to a lack of regulatory oversight or an inadequate legal system.

World War II /wɜː(ɹ)ld wɔː(ɹ) tuː/ [wɜːɫd wɔː tuː] [wɝɫd wɔɚ̯ tu] pn
Şerê cîhanî yê duyemîn
(history) The war from 1939 to 1945 of the Allied forces, including the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, France, and China, against the Axis Powers, including Germany, Italy, and Japan.

World Wide Web /ˈwɜːld ˌwaɪd ˈwɛb/ /ˈwɝld ˌwaɪd ˈwɛb/ pn
tor
(Internet) Usually preceded by the: collectively, all of the hypertext documents (web pages) on the Internet stored in different computers around the world that hyperlink to each other and to other kinds of media, and are typically retrieved by the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS).

Xerxes /ˈzɜːk.siːz/ /ˈzɝksiːz/ pn
Xeşeyerşa
(historical) Xerxes I, a Persian king of the Achaemenid dynasty who reigned 485-465 BC.

Yangtze /ˈjæŋtsi/ /ˈjæŋzi/ /ˈjɑŋtsə/ /ˈjɑŋzi/ pn
Yangtsê
The chief river of central China and the third longest river in the world, flowing 6300 km from the Tanggula Mountains in Qinghai, passing Chongqing, Wuhan, and Nanjing, and emptying into the East China Sea beside Shanghai.

Yemen /ˈjɛ.mən/ /ˈjɪ.mən/ pn
Yemen
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Republic of Yemen. Capital: Sanaa.

Yemeni n
yemenîtî
a person from Yemen or of Yemeni descent

Yerevan /jɛɾɛˈvɑn/ /ˌjeɹəˈvæːn/ /ˌjeɹəˈvɑːn/ pn
Êrîvan
The capital and largest city of Armenia.

Yi n
û
An ethnic group who live primarily in mountainous areas of southwest China.

Yiddish /ˈjɪd.ɪʃ/ pn
yidîşî
A West Germanic, or more specifically High German, language that developed from Middle High German dialects, with an admixture of vocabulary from multiple source languages including Hebrew-Aramaic, Romance, Slavic, English, etc., and mostly written in Hebrew characters which is used mainly among Ashkenazic Jews from central and eastern Europe.

Yoruba /ˈjɒɹʊbə/ /ˈjɔːɹəbə/ pn
dîn
A sub-Saharan language. It belongs to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family, and has nearly 40 million speakers in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Sierra Leone, as well as communities in Brazil and Cuba.
An African traditional religion which spawned various offshoots in the Americas in the 15th to 19th centuries, including santería and Lucumí. (See Yoruba religion.)

Yugoslavia /juːɡəˈslɑːvi.ə/ pn
Yûgoslavya
(historical) A former country on the Balkan Peninsula, made up of the now-independent nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia; it disintegrated in the 1990s.

Zambia /ˈzæmbiə/ pn
Zambiya
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Zambia. Formerly called Northern Rhodesia.

Zazaki pn
zazakî
The language spoken by the Zaza people of eastern Turkey.

Zimbabwe /zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ/ pn
Zîmbabwe
A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Zimbabwe. Formerly called Southern Rhodesia or Rhodesia.

Zoroaster /ˈzɒɹoʊˌæstəɹ/ /ˌzɒɹoʊˈæstəɹ/ pn
zerdeşt
An ancient Iranian prophet after whom the indigenous Iranian ethnic religion, Zoroastrianism, is named, also venerated in Mithraism.

Zoroastrianism /ˌzoʊɹ.oʊˈæs.tɹi.əˌnɪz.əm/ /ˌzɒɹəʊˈæstɹɪəˌnɪzəm/ /ˌzɔɹ.oʊˈæs.tɹi.əˌnɪz.əm/ pn
zerdeştîtî
(scholarly) The historical (pre-Islamic) indigenous beliefs and practices of the Iranian peoples.

a /ə/ /ˈeɪ/ article
kesek
An unspecified example of (something); the indefinite article. [from before 1150]

a little adv
hindik
To a small extent or degree.

a lot /əˈ lɑt/ /əˈ lɒt/ adv
گه‌لێك
(informal) Very much; a great deal; to a large extent.

a lot /əˈ lɑt/ /əˈ lɒt/ pronoun
گه‌لێك
A large amount.

aardvark /ˈɑɹd.vɑɹk/ /ˈɑːd.vɑːk/ n
berazê erdê
The nocturnal, insectivorous, burrowing, mammal Orycteropus afer, of the order Tubulidentata, somewhat resembling a pig, common in some parts of sub-Saharan Africa. [from late 18th c.]

abandon /əˈbæn.dən/ v
berdan
(transitive) To give up or relinquish control of, to surrender or to give oneself over, or to yield to one's emotions. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470)]

abate /əˈbeɪt/ v
daketin
To lessen (something) in force or intensity; to moderate. [from 14th c.]

abattoir /ˈæb.əˌtwɑ/ /ˈæb.əˌtwɑɹ/ /ˈæb.əˌtwɑː(ɹ)/ n
selexane
A public slaughterhouse for cattle, sheep, etc. [Early 19th century.]

abbey /ˈæb.i/ n
bênîş
A monastery or society of people, secluded from the world and devoted to religion and celibacy, which is headed by an abbot or abbess; also, the monastic building or buildings. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]
The church of a monastery. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]

abbot /ˈæb.ət/ n
serekrahib
The superior or head of an abbey or monastery. [First attested around the early 12th century.]

abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/ /əˌbɹiː.viˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
kurtenav
(linguistics) A shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase used to represent the whole, using omission of letters, and sometimes substitution of letters, or duplication of initial letters to signify plurality, including signs such as +, =, @. [Late 16th century.]

abbreviature /əˈbɹi.vi.əˌt͡ʃʊɹ/ n
kurtenav
An abridgment; a compendium; an abstract. [since the late 16th century]

abdomen /æbˈdoʊ.mən/ /æbˈdəʊ.mən/ /ˈæb.də.mən/ n
zikê mirov
(obsolete) The fat surrounding the belly. [mid 16th c. – late 17th c.]
(anatomy) The cavity of the belly, which is lined by the peritoneum, and contains the viscera; often restricted in humans to the part between the diaphragm and the commencement of the pelvis, the remainder being called the pelvic cavity. [from early 17th c.]

abdominous /æbˈdɑm.ə.nəs/ /æbˈdɒm.ə.nəs/ adj
girrovirr
Having a protuberant belly; potbellied. [Mid 17th century.]

abduct /æbˈdʌkt/ /əbˈdʌkt/ v
hilanîn
(transitive) To take away by force; to carry away (a human being) wrongfully and usually with violence or deception; to kidnap. [Early 17th century.]

aberration /ˌæb.əˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩/ n
aberasyon
(astronomy) A small periodical change of the apparent positions of the stars and other heavenly bodies, due to the combined effect of the motion of light and the motion of the observer. [Mid 18th century.]

abet /əˈbɛt/ v
arandin
(transitive) To incite; to assist or encourage by aid or countenance in crime. [from ca. 1350–1470]

abhorrent /æbˈ(h)ɒɹ.ənt/ /æbˈhɑɹ.ənt/ /æbˈhɔɹ.ənt/ /əbˈ(h)ɒɹ.ənt/ adj
menfur
Detestable or repugnant. [Early 19th century.]

abide /əˈbaɪd/ v
daniştin
(transitive) To endure without yielding; to withstand. [from mid-12th c.]
(transitive) To bear patiently. [from late 15th c.]
(transitive) To pay for; to stand the consequences of. [from late 16th c.]
Used in a phrasal verb: .
(intransitive, obsolete) To wait in expectation. [mid-12th–mid-17th c.]
(intransitive, obsolete) To pause; to delay. [from ca. 1150—1350 to mid-17th c.]
(intransitive, archaic) To have one's abode. [from ca. 1350—1470]
(intransitive, archaic) To endure; to remain; to last. [from ca. 1350—1470]
(transitive, archaic) To stand ready for; to await for someone; watch for. [from early 12th c.]
(transitive, obsolete) To endure or undergo a hard trial or a task; to stand up under. [from ca. 1150—1350 to early 18th c.]
(transitive, archaic) To await submissively; accept without question; submit to. [from ca. 1350—1470]
man
(intransitive, archaic, Scotland) To stay; to continue in a place; to remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to be left. [from ca. 1150—1350]

abide by v
man
(transitive) To remain faithful to (something or someone); to adhere to (an idea or plan).

ability /əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ /əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
karîn
(uncountable) The quality or state of being able; capacity to do or of doing something; having the necessary power. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]

abject /ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈæbˌd͡ʒɛkt/ adj
kêm
Existing in or sunk to a low condition, position, or state; contemptible, despicable, miserable. [from early 15th c.]

ablative /əˈbleɪ.tɪv/ /ˈæb.lə.tɪv/ adj
helkêşandar
(grammar) Applied to one of the cases of the noun in some languages, the fundamental meaning of the case being removal, separation, or taking away, and to a lesser degree, instrument, place, accordance, specifications, price, or measurement. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]

ablative case n
helkêşandar
(grammar) A noun case used in some languages to indicate movement away from something, removal, separation. In English grammar, it corresponds roughly to the use in English of prepositions "of", "from", "away from", and "concerning". In Latin grammar, the ablative case (cāsus ablātīvus) includes functions derived from the Indo-European ablative, instrumental, comitative, associative and locative cases; these cases express concepts similar to those of the English prepositions "of"/"from", "by", "with", "to"/"with", and "at"/"in", respectively. Here/hence/hither, there/thence/thither, and where/whence/whither are the only English words with separate forms for the ablative (motion away from) and lative (motion towards) cases.

abolish /əˈbɑl.əʃ/ /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/ /əˈbɒlɪʃ/ v
hilweşandin
(archaic) To put an end to or destroy, as a physical object; to wipe out. [First attested from around 1350 to 1470.]

abort /əˈbɔɹt/ /əˈbɔːt/ n
zarokjiberbirin
(military, aeronautics) An early termination of a mission, action, or procedure in relation to missiles or spacecraft; the craft making such a mission.
(now, rare) The product of a miscarriage; an aborted offspring; an abortion. [First attested in the early 17th century.]
(obsolete) A miscarriage; an untimely birth; an abortion. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the mid 17th century.]

abortion /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/ n
zarokjiberbirin
(medicine) The expulsion from the womb of a foetus or embryo before it is fully developed, with loss of the foetus.[from 16th c.]
A spontaneous abortion; a miscarriage.
An induced abortion.
(figuratively) A misshapen person or thing; a monstrosity. [from 16th c.]
(biology) Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed. [from 18th c.]

abortive /əˈbɔɹ.tɪv/ /əˈbɔː.tɪv/ n
zarokjiberbirin
(obsolete) Someone or something born or brought forth prematurely; an abortion. [Attested from around (1150 to 1350) until the mid 18th century.]

about /əˈbaʊt/ /əˈbɛʊt/ /əˈbʌʊt/ [əˈboʊt] [əˈbɐʊt] adv
kêmzêde
Nearly; approximately; with close correspondence in quality, manner, degree, quantity, or time; almost. [from before 1150]

about /əˈbaʊt/ /əˈbɛʊt/ /əˈbʌʊt/ [əˈboʊt] [əˈbɐʊt] preposition
ji alî
derbarê
Over or upon different parts of; through or over in various directions; here and there in; to and fro in; throughout. [from ca. 1150–1350]
Concerning; with regard to; on account of; on the subject of; to affect. [from ca. 1150–1350]
Concerned with; engaged in; intent on. [from ca. 1150–1350]

about to phraseologicalUnit
çûn
(idiomatic, with infinitive verb) Indicates something that will happen very soon; indicates action that is imminent.

above /əˈbʌv/ preposition
-tir
Surpassing in number or quantity; more than. [first attested around 1350–1470]

abreast /əˈbɹɛst/ adv
gav
Followed by of or with: up to a certain level or line; equally advanced. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]

abridgment /əˈbɹɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ n
kurtenav
(US) An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or abridged form; an abbreviation. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]
(dated, legal) Any of various brief statements of case law made before modern reporting of legal cases.

abroad /əˈbɹɑd/ /əˈbɹɔd/ /əˈbɹɔːd/ adv
derve
(dated) Without a certain confine; outside the house; away from one's abode. [from 1150–1350)]

abscond /əbˈskɑnd/ /əbˈskɒnd/ v
revîn
(intransitive) To flee, often secretly; to steal away. [From mid 16th century.]
veşartin
(intransitive) To hide, to be in hiding or concealment.

absent /æbˈsɛnt/ v
bûn

absolute /æb.səˈluːt/ /ˈab-/ /ˈap.sə.lʉʊt/ /ˈæb.sə.ljuːt/ /ˈæb.sə.luːt/ /ˈæb.səˌlut/ /ˈæp-/ /ˌæb.səˈlut/ adj
bêkemasî
Free from imperfection, perfect, complete; especially, perfectly embodying a quality in its essential characteristics or to its highest degree. [first attested around 1400]

absolution /æb.səˈljuː.ʃn̩/ /ˌæb.səˈl(j)u.ʃn̩/ n
mexfîretkirin
(ecclesiastical) An absolving of sins from ecclesiastical penalties by an authority. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]
An absolving, or setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty; forgiveness of an offense. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

absolutism /ˈæb.sə.ljuː.tɪz.m̩/ /ˈæb.sə.luː.tɪz.m̩/ /ˈæb.səˌljuˌtɪz.m̩/ /ˈæb.səˌluˌtɪz.m̩/ n
absolutîzm
(political science, sociology) The principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government; Synonym of despotism. [First attested in the early 19th century.]

absolve /æbˈsɑlv/ /æbˈzɑlv/ /əbˈsɑlv/ /əbˈzɑlv/ /əbˈzɒlv/ v
azad kirin
(transitive) To set free, release or discharge (from obligations, debts, responsibility etc.). [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
gihandin
(transitive, obsolete) To finish; to accomplish. [Attested from the late 16th century until the early 19th century.]
dan
(transitive) To pass a course or test; to gain credit for a class; to qualify academically.

absorption /æbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/ /æbˈzɔɹp.ʃn̩/ /əbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/ /əbˈsɔːp.ʃn̩/ /əbˈzɔɹp.ʃn̩/ /əbˈzɔːp.ʃn̩/ n
hilanîn
(physical chemistry, physics) the imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action, of radiant energy; the process of being neutrons being absorbed by the nucleus; interception. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]
(physiology) in living organisms, the process by which the materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed and conveyed to the tissues and organs; taking in by various means, such as by osmosis. [First attested in the mid 18th century.]
The act or process of absorbing or of being absorbed as,

absquatulate /æb.ˈskwɑt͡ʃ.ʊ.leɪt/ /æbz.ˈkwɑt͡ʃ.ə.leɪt/ /æbz.ˈkwɑt͡ʃ.ʊ.leɪt/ v
revîn
(intransitive, slang) To leave quickly or in a hurry; to depart, flee. [from 19th c.]

abstinence /ˈæb.stɪ.nəns/ n
absolutîzm
Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating/alcoholic beverages; total abstinence; teetotalism). [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]

absurd /æbˈsɝd/ /æbˈzɝd/ /əbˈsɜːd/ /əbˈsɝd/ /əbˈzɜːd/ /əbˈzɝd/ adj
absûrd
Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly. [from mid-16th c.]

abundance /əˈbn̩.dn̩s/ /əˈbʌn.dn̩s/ /əˈbʌn.dn̩ts/ n
feyîz
A large quantity; many. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]
An overflowing fullness or ample sufficiency; profusion; copious supply; superfluity; plentifulness. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

abundant /əˈbn̩.dn̩t/ /əˈbʌn.dn̩t/ adj
mişe
Fully sufficient; found in copious supply; in great quantity; overflowing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

acacia /əˈkeɪ.sjə/ /əˈkeɪ.ʃə/ n
akasîya
(countable) A shrub or tree of the tribe Acacieae. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

academic /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/ adj
akademîk
Belonging to an academy or other higher institution of learning, or a scholarly society or organization. [from late 16th century]

academic /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/ n
akademîk
(usually, capitalized) A follower of Plato, a Platonist. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]
A senior member of an academy, college, or university; a person who attends an academy; a person engaged in scholarly pursuits; one who is academic in practice. [First attested in the late 16th century.]

academic institution n
zanko
An educational institution, dedicated to higher education and research, that grants academic degrees.

academician /əˌka.dəˈmɪʃ.n̩/ /əˌkæ.dəˈmɪʃ.n̩/ /ˌa.kə.dəˈmɪʃ.n̩/ /ˌæ.kə.dəˈmɪʃ.n̩/ n
akademîk
A member or follower of an academy, or society for promoting science, art, or literature, such as the French Academy, or the Royal Academy of Arts. [from 17th c.]

academy /əˈkad.ə.mɪ/ /əˈkæd.ə.mi/ n
akademî
An institution for the study of higher learning; a college or a university; typically a private school. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]
A school or place of training in which some special art is taught. [First attested in the late 16th century.]
A society of learned people united for the advancement of the arts and sciences, and literature, or some particular art or science. [First attested in the early 17th century.]

acceleration /æk.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ək.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ɪk.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
lezan
(physics) The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).

accelerator /æk.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪ.tɚ/ /ək.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪ.tɚ/ /ɪk.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪ.tɚ/ n
gaz
(vehicle) A pedal causing the vehicle to accelerate when it is pressed.
(physics) A device that accelerates charged subatomic particles; a particle accelerator.

accent /-sənt/ /-sɛnt/ /ˈak.sənt/ /ˈæk.sɛnt/ /ˈɛk.sent/ n
devok
(linguistics) A higher-pitched or stronger (louder or longer) articulation of a particular syllable of a word or phrase in order to distinguish it from the others or to emphasize it.
(orthography) A mark or character used in writing, in order to indicate the place of the spoken accent, or to indicate the nature or quality of the vowel marked.
(linguistics, sociolinguistics) The distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect.
(prosody, poetry) Stress laid on certain syllables of a verse.
(music) A regularly recurring stress upon the tone to mark the beginning, and, more feebly, the third part of the measure.
(music) A special emphasis of a tone, even in the weaker part of the measure.
(music) A mark used to represent this special emphasis.The third and fourth symbols are accents (marks used to represent special emphasis in music).
(music) The rhythmical accent, which marks phrases and sections of a period.
lehce
(sign languages) A distinctive manner of producing a sign language, such as someone who does not normally use a certain sign language might have when using it.

accept /ækˈsɛpt/ /əkˈsɛpt/ /əˈsɛp(t)/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ v
qebûl kirin
(transitive) To receive or admit to; to agree to; to assent to; to submit to.

acceptable /æk.ˈsɛp.tə.bəl/ /ək.ˈsɛp.tə.bəl/ /ɪk.ˈsɛp.tə.bəl/ /ˈæksɛp.tə.bəl/ adj
guncav
worthy, decent, sure of being accepted or received with at least moderate pleasure

accessory /ækˈsɛs(ə)ɹi/ /ækˈsɛsəɹi/ /əkˈsɛs(ə)ɹi/ /əkˈsɛsəɹi/ n
alîkar
(legal) A person who is not present at a crime, but contributes to it as an assistant or instigator.

acclaim /ə.ˈkleɪm/ v
meth
(transitive, rare) To salute or praise with great approval; to compliment; to applaud; to welcome enthusiastically.

accommodate /əˈkɑməˌdeɪt/ /əˈkɒməˌdeɪt/ [əˈkʰɑməˌdeɪt] [əˈkʰɒməˌdeɪt] v
akort kirin
(transitive) To cause to come to agreement; to bring about harmony; to reconcile.
(transitive) To show the correspondence of; to apply or make suit by analogy; to adapt or fit, as teachings to accidental circumstances, statements to facts, etc.

accomplice /ə.ˈkɑm.pləs/ /ə.ˈkɑm.plɪs/ /ə.ˈkʌm.plɪs/ /əˈkɒm.plɪs/ n
alîkar
(rare) A cooperator.

accomplished /ə.ˈkɑm.plɪʃt/ /ə.ˈkɒm.plɪʃt/ /ə.ˈkʌm.plɪʃt/ adj
binbar birêz navdar
Completed; effected; established.

according to preposition
li gor
Based on what is said or stated by; on the authority of.

accordion /ə.ˈkɔɹ.di.ən/ /əˈkɔ(ɹ).di.ˌən/ n
akordîyan
A box-shaped musical instrument with means of keys and buttons, whose tones are generated by play of the wind from a squeezed bellows upon free metallic reeds.

accoucheuse n
maman
(rare) A midwife.

account /ə.ˈkaʊnt/ n
hesab
(accounting) A registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review. [from c. 1300]

account for v
bas
(transitive) To explain by relating circumstances; to show that some one, thing or members of a group are present or have been processed.

accrue /ə.ˈkɹu/ /əˈkɹuː/ v
گه‌وره‌بوون
(intransitive) To increase, to rise

accuse /əˈkjuz/ /əˈkjuːz/ v
şemisandin
(transitive) to find fault with, blame, censure
(intransitive) to make an accusation against someone

accuser /əˈkju.zɚ/ /əˈkjuː.zə/ n
dozgêrr
One who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault.

acetic acid n
asîda asetîk
(carboxylic acid, fatty acid) A clear colourless organic acid, CH3COOH, formed by the bacterial oxidation of ethanol through acetic fermentation; it is used as a solvent and has very many industrial applications; it is the major acidic component of vinegar.

ache /ˈeɪk/ n
êş
Continued dull pain, as distinguished from sudden twinges, or spasmodic pain.

acheful adj
jandar
full of aches; aching

acid /ˈæsɪd/ n
asîd
A sour substance.
(chemistry)

acidic /əˈsɪdɪk/ adj
asîd
(chemistry) Having a pH less than 7, or being sour, or having the strength to neutralize alkalis, or turning a litmus paper red.
Of or relating to acid; having the character of an acid.

acknowledge /əkˈnɑl.ɪd͡ʒ/ /əkˈnɒl.ɪd͡ʒ/ [əkˈnɑːɫəd͡ʒ] [əkˈnɒlɨ̞d͡ʒ] [əɡˈnɑːɫəd͡ʒ] [əɡˈnɒlɨ̞d͡ʒ] [ɨkˈnɑːɫɨd͡ʒ] [ɨɡˈnɑːɫɨd͡ʒ] v
qebûl kirin
(transitive) To admit the knowledge of; to recognize as a fact or truth; to declare one's belief in
(transitive) To own as genuine or valid; to assent to (a legal instrument) to give it validity; to avow or admit in legal form.

acknowledgment /əkˈnɑl.ɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ /əkˈnɒl.ɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ /əɡˈnɑl.ɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ /əɡˈnɒl.ɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ n
spas
The act of recognizing in a particular character or relationship; recognition of existence, authority, truth, or genuineness.
A reward or other expression or token of gratitude.
An expression of gratitude for a benefit or an obligation.

acne /ˈæk.ni/ n
marmasî
A pattern of blemishes in an area of skin resulting from the skin condition.

acorn /ˈeɪ.kɔɹn/ /ˈeɪ.kɔːn/ /ˈeɪkɚn/ n
belot
(nautical) A cone-shaped piece of wood on the point of the spindle above the vane, on the mast-head.

acre /ˈeɪ.kə/ /ˈeɪ.kɚ/ n
به‌رجووت
Any of various similar units of area in other systems.

acrid /ˈæk.ɹɪd/ adj
çêja tal
Sharp and harsh, or bitter and not to the taste.

acrobat /ˈæk.ɹə.bæt/ n
akrobat
An athlete who performs acts requiring skill, agility and coordination, often as part of a circus performance.

act /æk/ /ækt/ n
qanûn
(law, countable) A product of a legislative body, a statute.
hejmar
(countable, drama) A division of a theatrical performance.

act /æk/ /ækt/ v
lê xistin
(intransitive, mathematics, construed with on or upon, of an algebraic structure) To possess an action onto (some other structure). Examples include the group action of a group on a set, the action of a ring on a module by scalar multiplication, and the action of a group or algebra on a vector space via a representation.

act of God n
çarenivîs
(legal) An unforeseen occurrence beyond one's control, such as a natural disaster.

act out /ˌækt ˈaʊ̯t/ v
lê xistin
(idiomatic) To perform a scene from a play, a charade or an exercise.

actinium /ækˈtɪniəm/ n
aktinyûm
A radioactive, metallic chemical element (symbol: Ac) with an atomic number of 89; found in uranium ores.

action /ˈæk.ʃən/ n
lêker
Something done, often so as to accomplish a purpose.
(mathematics) A way in which each element of some algebraic structure transforms some other structure or set, in a way which respects the structure of the first. Formally, this may be seen as a morphism from the first structure into some structure of endomorphisms of the second; for example, a group action of a group G on a set S can be seen as a group homomorphism from G into the set of bijections on S (which form a group under function composition), while a module M over a ring R can be defined as an abelian group together with a ring homomorphism from R into the ring of group endomorphisms of M (which is also called the action of R on M).

active /ˈæk.tɪv/ adj
aktîv
Having the power or quality of acting; causing change; communicating action or motion; acting;—opposed to passive, that receives.
Given to action rather than contemplation; practical; operative

activist /ˈæk.tɪ.vɪst/ n
çalakparêz
One who is politically active in the role of a citizen; especially, one who campaigns for change.

activity /ækˈtɪv.ə.ti/ /ækˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/ /ækˈtɪv.ɪ.tiː/ [ækˈtɪv.ə.ɾi] [ækˈtɪv.ɪ.ɾi] n
fealiyet
(uncountable) The state or quality of being active; activeness.
(countable) Something done for pleasure or entertainment, especially one involving movement or an excursion.

actual /ˈæk(t)ʃ(u)əl/ /ˈæktj(ʊ)əl/ /ˈæt͡ʃəl/ adj
bera
Existing in reality, not just potentially; really acted or acting; occurring in fact. [from 14th c.]
niha
(now, rare) in action at the time being; now existing; current. [from 18th c.]

actuality /ˌækt͡ʃuˈælɪti/ n
berahî
An instance or quality of being actual or factual; fact.

actually /ˈak.tjʊ.ə.lɪ/ /ˈak.t͡ʃ(ʊ.)(ə.)li/ /ˈak.t͡ʃʊ.ə.lɪ/ /ˈak.ʃ(ʊ.)(ə.)li/ /ˈat͡ʃ.li/ /ˈat͡ʃ.u.li/ /ˈat͡ʃ.ə.li/ /ˈæk.t͡ʃ(u.)(ə.)li/ /ˈæk.ʃ(u.)(ə.)li/ adv
a rastî
(modal) In act or in fact; really; in truth; positively.

acute triangle n
sêgoşe
(geometry) A triangle all of the angles of which are acute.

ad infinitum /ˌæd ɪnfɪˈnaɪtəm/ adv
bêdawîtî
Endlessly; for ever; neverendingly.

adamant /ˈæd.ə.mænt/ /ˈæd.ə.mənt/ adj
که‌له‌ ڕه‌ق
(said of people and their conviction) Firm; unshakeable; unyielding; determined.

adapt /əˈdæpt/ adj
guncav
Adapted; fit; suited; suitable; apt.

adaptation /ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/ n
banekîbûn

add up v
pingirîn
(intransitive) To accumulate; to amount to.

adder /ˈædɚ/ n
mar
Heterodon spp. (hog-nosed snakes), a genus of harmless colubrid snakes found in North America

addict /əˈdɪkt/ /ˈæd.ɪkt/ n
bende
A person who is addicted, especially to a harmful drug

addicted /əˈdɪktɪd/ adj
bende
Having a biochemical addiction.

address /əˈdɹɛs/ /ˈæd.ɹɛs/ n
adres navnîşan
A description of the location of a property, usually with at least a street name and number, name of a town, and now also a postal code; such a description as superscribed for direction on an envelope or letter. [from 17th c.]

adenine /ˈæ.dəˌniːn/ /ˈæ.dɪˌnɪn/ n
adenîn
(biochemistry, genetics) A base, C5H5N5, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.

adept /ædˈɛpt/ /əˈdɛpt/ /ˈæd.ɛpt/ adj
cemaet
Well skilled; completely versed; thoroughly proficient

adequate /ˈæ.də.kɪt/ /ˈæd.ə.kwɪt/ /ˈæd.ɪ.kwət/ /ˈæd.ɪˌkweɪt/ adj
biehliyet
Equal to or fulfilling some requirement.

adhan /ɑːˈðɑːn/ /əˈðɑːn/ n
azan
(Islam) The call to prayer, which consisted originally of simply four takbirs followed by the statement (أَشْهَدُ أَنْ) لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله.

adhere /ædˈhɪə/ /ædˈhɪɹ/ v
nûsîn

adherent /ædˈ(h)ɪə.ɹənt/ /ædˈ(h)ɪɹ.ənt/ /əd-/ n
endam
A person who has membership in some group, association or religion.

adipose /ˈæd.ɪ.poʊs/ /ˈæd.ɪ.pəʊs/ /ˈæd.ɪ.pəʊz/ adj
tawas
Containing, composed of, or consisting of fat; fatty.

adjectival /ˌædʒɛkˈtaɪ.vəl/ /ˌæd͡ʒəkˈtaɪ.vəl/ /ˌæd͡ʒəˈtaɪ.vəl/ adj
hevalnav
(grammar) Of or relating to or functioning as an adjective.

adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ə.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ək.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɛk.tɪv/ /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/ n
rengdêr hevalnav
(grammar) A word that modifies a noun or noun phrase or describes a noun’s referent.

adjournment n
دوای ئه‌خات
The state of being adjourned, or action of adjourning.

adjunct /ˈæd͡ʒ.ʌŋkt/ n
qertaf
An appendage; something attached to something else in a subordinate capacity.

administration /ədˌmɪnəˈstɹeɪʃən/ n
birêvebirin
(uncountable) The act of administering; government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction.
[[به‌رێوبه‌رایه‌تی]]
(countable, government, politics) The executive part of government; the persons collectively who are entrusted with the execution of laws and the superintendence of public affairs; the chief magistrate and his cabinet or council; or the council, or ministry, alone, as in Great Britain.

administrative /ədˈmɪn.əˌstɹeɪ.tɪv/ /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹə.tɪv/ [ədˈmɪn.əˌstɹeɪ.ɾɪv] [ədˈmɪn.ɪ.st̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷə.tʰɪv] adj
administratîv
Of or relating to administering or administration.

admiral /ˈædməɹl/ /ˈædməɹəl/ /ˈædmɚəl/ /ˈædmɹəl/ n
perîdankmîrê sor
(military) The appointed commander of a navy, regardless of formal title. [1440]
(military) A high rank in the British and American Navies, NATO grade OF-9, equivalent ranks in other navies, in coast guards, etc.
(zoology) Any of several species of nymphalid butterflies of the genera Kaniska, Limenitis and Vanessa. [1799]

admiration /ˌæd.məˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
hejmetkarî
A positive emotion including wonder and approbation; the regarding of another as being wonderful

admit /ədˈmɪt/ v
qebûl kirin
(transitive) To allow (someone) to enter a profession or to enjoy a privilege; to recognize as qualified for a franchise.

ado /əˈduː/ n
birebir
trouble; troublesome business; fuss, commotion

adobe /əˈdoʊ.bi/ /əˈdəʊ.bi/ /əˈdəʊb/ n
libên hişkkirî
An unburnt brick dried in the sun.

adolescence /ˌædəˈlɛsəns/ n
giyayîbûn
The transitional period of physical and psychological development between childhood and maturity.

adolescent /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/ adj
genc
Of, relating to, or at the age of adolescence; at the stage between being a child and an adult.

adolescent /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/ n
genc
A person who is in adolescence; someone who has reached puberty but is not yet an adult.

adopt /əˈdɑpt/ /əˈdɒpt/ v
qebûl kirin
To select and take or approve.

adore /əˈdo(ː)ɹ/ /əˈdoə̯/ /əˈdɔɹ/ /əˈdɔː/ v
hez kirin
To love with one's entire heart and soul; regard with deep respect and affection.

adrenaline /əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/ n
adrênalîn
(hormone) Epinephrine, the hormone and neurotransmitter.

adult /əˈdʌlt/ /ˈæd.əlt/ /ˈæd.ʌlt/ adj
zelam
Fully grown.
gihaştî
(of a beverage) Containing alcohol, intended for consumption only by adults.
(of a cookie, gummy, etc.) Containing marijuana, intended for consumption only by adults.
Containing excessive vulgar or profane speech, text or images, intended only for adults.

adult /əˈdʌlt/ /ˈæd.əlt/ /ˈæd.ʌlt/ n
zelam
A fully grown human or other animal.

adulteration n
hîle
The process of adulterating.

adultery /əˈdʌltəɹi/ n
zina
(narrowly) Sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their spouse. See more synonyms at Thesaurus:cuckoldry

advantage /ədˈvæn.(t)ɪd͡ʒ/ /ədˈvɑːn.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
avantaj
(countable) Any condition, circumstance, opportunity or means, particularly favorable or chance to success, or to any desired end.
(tennis) The score where one player wins a point after deuce but needs the next to carry the game.

advantageous /ˌædvənˈteɪd͡ʒəs/ adj
biavantaj
Being of advantage, beneficial.

adventure /ædˈvɛnt͡ʃɚ/ /ədˈvɛnt͡ʃə/ /ədˈvɛnt͡ʃɚ/ n
macera
A daring feat; a bold undertaking, in which dangers are likely to be encountered, and the issue is staked upon unforeseen events; the encountering of risks.

adventurous /ædˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ.əs/ adj
bi serpêhatî
(of an, act or product) Full of risks; risky; liable to be in danger; requiring courage; rash.

adverb /ˈæd.vɜːb/ /ˈæd.vɝb/ n
hoker
(grammar) A word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverbs, or various other types of words, phrases, or clauses.
(programming) In the Raku programming language, a named parameter that modifies the behavior of a routine.

adversary /ædˈvɜː.sə.ɹi/ /ədˈvɜː.sə.ɹi/ /ˈæd.və.s(ə)ɹi/ /ˈæd.və.sɛɹi/ /ˈæd.vəɹ.sɛɹi/ n
neyar
An opponent or rival.

advocate /ˈæd.və.keɪt/ /ˈæd.və.kət/ n
eboqat
Someone whose job is to speak for someone's case in a court of law; a counsel. [from 14th c.]
A person who speaks in support of something, or someone. [from 18th c.]
parêzer
Anyone who argues the case of another; an intercessor. [from 14th c.]

adze /ædz/ n
tevşo
A cutting tool that has a curved blade set at a right angle to the handle and is used in shaping wood.

aesthetic /iːsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /æsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /əsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ɛsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ɪsˈθɛt.ɪk/ /ɪsˈθɛtɪk/ adj
estetîk
Concerned with beauty, artistic effect, or appearance.

aesthetics /ɛsˈtɛt.ɪks/ /ɛsˈθɛt.ɪks/ n
estetîk
The study or philosophy of beauty.

affable /ˈæf.ə.bəl/ adj
miriyê hevalê xwe
Receiving others kindly and conversing with them in a free and friendly manner; friendly, courteous, sociable.
nerm
Mild; benign.

affect /əˈfɛkt/ v
bale kirin
(transitive) To influence or alter.

affiliated adj
endam
Associated, related, or united; subject to a particular affiliation.

affinity /əˈfɪnɪti/ n
eleqe
A natural attraction or feeling of kinship to a person or thing.
(chemistry) An attractive force between atoms, or groups of atoms, that contributes towards their forming bonds.

affix /əˈfɪks/ /ˈæf.ɪks/ n
qertaf
(linguistic morphology, broadly) A bound morpheme added to a word’s stem; a prefix, suffix, etc.

affliction /əˈflɪkʃən/ n
azar
A state of pain, suffering, distress or agony.

afloat /ə.ˈ floʊt/ /ə.ˈ fləʊt/ adj
derya
In, or found while in, a vessel at sea or on another body of water.

afterbirth /ˈæf.tɚ.bɚθ/ n
pizan
The placenta and other material expelled via the birth canal following childbirth or parturition in mammals.

aftereffect /ˈæftəɹ.əˌfɛkt/ /ˈɑːftəɹ.ɪˌfɛkt/ n
tesîr
Any delayed effect; an effect which is not immediately manifested.

aftermath /ˈæf.tə.ˌmæθ/ /ˈæf.tɚ.ˌmæθ/ /ˈɑːf.tə.ˌmɑːθ/ n
[[ئه‌نجام]]
That which happens after, that which follows, usually of strongly negative connotation in most contexts, implying a preceding catastrophe.

aftershock n
paşlerze
An earthquake that follows in the same vicinity as another, usually larger, earthquake (the "mainshock").

afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ /ˈɑːftə.wədz/ adv
piştî hingê
(temporal location) At a later or succeeding time.

again /əˈɡeɪn/ /əˈɡɛn/ [əˈɡɪn] adv
dubare
Used metalinguistically, with the repetition being in the discussion, or in the linguistic or pragmatic context of the discussion, rather than in the subject of discussion. [from 16thc.]

again and again adv
lidûhev
Repeatedly.

against /əˈɡeɪnst/ /əˈɡɛnst/ [əˈɡeə̯nst] [əˈɡɛːnst] preposition
dijî
In a contrary direction to.
In physical opposition to; in collision with.
(Hollywood) To be paid now in contrast to the following amount to be paid later under specified circumstances, usually that a movie is made or has started filming.
berî
In front of; before (a background).
In exchange for.

age /eɪd͡ʒ/ n
emir
(countable) A particular period of time in history, as distinguished from others.
(uncountable) An advanced period of life; the latter part of life; the state of being old, old age, senility; seniority.
nifş
(countable) A generation.
dewr
(countable, hyperbole) A long time.
(uncountable) That part of the duration of a being or a thing which is between its beginning and any given time; specifically the size of that part.
demsal
(countable, poker) The right of the player to the left of the dealer to pass the first round in betting, and then to come in last or stay out; also, the player holding this position; the eldest hand.
gehiştî
(uncountable) Mature age; especially, the time of life at which one attains full personal rights and capacities.

aged /eɪdʒd/ /ˈeɪ.dʒɪd/ adj
pîr
Having undergone the improving effects of time; matured.

ageless adj
bêdawî
(relative to past) Having existed for so great a period of time that its longevity cannot be expressed.

agency /ˈeɪ.d͡ʒən.si/ n
دایره‌
The office or function of an agent; also, the relationship between a principal and that person's agent.
ajans
An establishment engaged in doing business for another; also, the place of business or the district of such an agency.

agent /ˈeɪ.d͡ʒənt/ /ˈeɪ.d͡ʒɛnt/ n
nimînende
One who acts for, or in the place of, another (the principal), by that person's authority; someone entrusted to act on behalf of or in behalf of another, such as to transact business for them.

aggression /əˈɡɹɛʃən/ n
destavêjî
The act of initiating hostilities or invasion.
[[ده‌س درێژی]]
The practice or habit of launching attacks.

aggressiveness /əˈɡrɛsɪvnɪs/ n
êrîşkarî
(uncountable) The state or quality of being aggressive.

agha /ɑːˈɡɑː/ /ˈɑːɡə/ n
axa
An honorific for high officials used in Turkey and certain Muslim countries.

agility /əˈd͡ʒɪl.ə.ti/ /əˈd͡ʒɪl.ɪ.ti/ [əˈd͡ʒɪl.ə.ɾi] n
derzî
(uncountable) The quality of being agile; the power of moving the limbs quickly and easily; quickness of motion

agnostic /aɡˈnɒstɪk/ /æɡˈnɑstɪk/ /æɡˈnɔstɪk/ n
agnostîk
A person who holds to a form of agnosticism, especially uncertainty of the existence of a deity.

agnosticism /æɡˈnɑstɪsɪzəm/ /æɡˈnɒstɪsɪzəm/ n
agnostîsîzm
The view that the existence of God or of all deities is unknown, unknowable, unproven, or unprovable.

agog /əˈɡɑɡ/ /əˈɡɒɡ/ adj
bi
In eager desire, eager, astir.

agony /ˈæ.ɡə.niː/ n
êş
Extreme pain.
Violent contest or striving.
The last struggle of life; death struggle.

agree /əˈɡɹi/ /əˈɡɹiː/ v
ligelbûn
(intransitive) To be in harmony about an opinion, statement, or action; to have a consistent idea between two or more people.
guncîn
(intransitive) To make a stipulation by way of settling differences or determining a price; to exchange promises; to come to terms or to a common resolve; to promise.

agreement /əˈɡɹiːmənt/ n
peyman
(uncountable, legal) A legally binding contract enforceable in a court of law.

agricultural /ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌltjʊəɹəl/ /ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌlt͡ʃəɹəl/ adj
cotkarî
Of or pertaining to agriculture

agriculture /ˈeɪɡɹɪˌkʌlt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈæɡɹɪˌkʌltʃə/ /ˈæɡɹɪˌkʌlt͡ʃɚ/ n
çandinî
The art or science of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and management of livestock.

agriculturist n
çandmend
One who practices agriculture, a farmer, a gardener.

agronomy /əˈɡɹɑːnəmi/ /əˈɡɹɒnəmi/ n
کشتوکاڵ
The science of utilizing plants, animals and soils for food, fuel, feed, and fiber and more. To do this effectively and sustainably, agronomy encompasses work in the areas of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, animal sciences and soil science.

ague /ˈeɪ.ɡju/ n
ta
(pathology) An intermittent fever, attended by alternate cold and hot fits.

aid /eɪd/ n
alîkarî
(uncountable) Help; assistance; succor, relief.
arîkar
(countable) Something which helps; a material source of help.

aide-de-camp /ˌeɪd dɪ ˈkæmp/ /ˌeɪd dɪ ˈkɒmp/ n
alîkar
A military officer who serves as an adjutant to a higher-ranking officer, prince or other high political dignitary.

ailment /ˈeɪlmənt/ n
nexweşî
Something which ails one; a disease; sickness.

aim /eɪm/ n
barik
The point intended to be hit, or object intended to be attained or affected.
Intention or goal.

aimless /ˈeɪm.ləs/ adj
bêarmanc
Without aim, purpose, or direction.

air /eə̯/ /eː/ /ɛə̯/ /ɛɚ/ /ɛɹ/ /ɛː/ [ɪə̯~eə̯] n
hewa
(historical, philosophy, alchemy) One of the four elements of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
(uncountable, loosely) The substance of the atmosphere on a planet other than Earth.

airan /ˈaɪ.ɹɑn/ n
dew
A Turkish cold drink made from yoghurt and water with salt and sometimes herbs.

aircraft /ˈɛə.kɹɑːft/ /ˈɛəɹ.kɹæft/ /ˈɛː.kɹɑːft/ /ˈɛːɹ.kɹæft/ n
balafir
A vehicle capable of atmospheric flight due to interaction with the air, such as buoyancy or lift

airman /ˈɛə.mən/ /ˈɛɹ.mən/ n
balafirvan
A pilot of an aircraft.

airplane /ˈeɹˌpleɪ̯n/ /ˈɛəˌpleɪ̯n/ /ˈɛɚˌpleɪ̯n/ /ˈɛːˌpleɪ̯n/ n
balafir
(chiefly, US, Canada, Philippines, AU, NZ) A powered heavier-than-air aircraft with fixed wings.

airport /ˈɛə.pɔːt/ /ˈɛɹ.pɔɹt/ n
balafirgeh
An airfield (an area designated for the takeoff and landing of aircraft), including one or more runways and (for commercial airports) one or more passenger terminals.

airwaves n
radyûm
Radio or television broadcasts.

aisle /aɪ̯l/ n
dehlîz
A clear path through rows of seating.
A clear corridor in a supermarket with shelves on both sides containing goods for sale.

akçe n
spî
A silver coin minted during the Ottoman Empire, valued at one-third of a para.

alacrity /əˈlækɹɨti/ n
şabûnî
Eagerness; liveliness; enthusiasm.

alanine n
alanîn
(amino acid, uncountable) A nonessential amino acid 2-aminopropanoic acid found in most animal proteins

alarm /əˈlɑɹm/ /əˈlɑːm/ n
tirs
Sudden surprise with fear or terror excited by apprehension of danger; in the military use, commonly, sudden apprehension of being attacked by surprise.
demjimêr
A mechanical device for awaking people, or rousing their attention.

alarm clock n
demjimêr
A clock with an alarm that can be set to sound at a determined time.

alas /ɘˈlɛs/ /əˈlæs/ /əˈlɑːs/ interjection
eywax
Used to express sorrow, regret, compassion, grief, resignation, or disappointment.

albinism /ˈælbəˌnɪzəm/ n
albînîzm
Congenital lack of melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); the condition of being albino.

albino /alˈbiːnoː/ /ælˈbaɪnoʊ/ /ælˈbiːnəʊ/ n
albîno
(countable) A person or animal congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); one born with albinism.

albumen /ælˈbjuːmən/ /ˈalbjʊmɪn/ /ˈælbjʊmən/ n
biały
The white part of an egg; being mostly the protein albumin and water.

albumin /æl.ˈbjuː.mən/ /ˈalbjʊmɪn/ n
albûmîn
(protein) Any of a class of monomeric proteins that are soluble in water, and are coagulated by heat; they occur in egg white, milk etc; they function as carrier protein for steroids, fatty acids, and thyroid hormones and play a role in stabilizing extracellular fluid volume.

alcohol /ˈæl.kə.hɑl/ /ˈæl.kə.hɒl/ /ˈæl.kə.hɔl/ /ˈɑl.kə.hɑl/ /ˈɑl.kə.hɔl/ n
alkol
(organic compound, countable) Any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).
(uncountable) Beverages containing ethanol, collectively.

alcohol-free adj
bêalkol
Containing no alcohol.

alcoholic /ˌæl.kəˈhɑ.lɪk/ /ˌæl.kəˈhɒl.ɪk/ /ˌæl.kəˈhɔ.lɪk/ adj
alkolîzm
Of or pertaining to alcohol.
Of, pertaining to, or affected by alcoholism.
alkolîk
Having more than a trace amount of alcohol in its contents.

alcoholic /ˌæl.kəˈhɑ.lɪk/ /ˌæl.kəˈhɒl.ɪk/ /ˌæl.kəˈhɔ.lɪk/ n
alkolik
A person who is addicted to alcohol.
One who abuses alcohol.

alcoholism /ˈælkə(ˌ)hɔˌlɪzəm/ /ˈælkəhɒˌlɪzəm/ n
alkolîzm
A chronic disease caused by compulsive and uncontrollable consumption of alcoholic beverages, leading to addiction and deterioration in health and social functioning.
(pathology) Acute alcohol poisoning.

aldosterone /ælˈdɑstəˌɹoʊn/ /ælˈdɒstəɹəʊn/ n
aldosteron
(steroid hormone) A mineralocorticoid hormone, secreted by the adrenal cortex, that regulates the balance of sodium and potassium in the body.

alert /əˈlɜːt/ /əˈlɝt/ adj
bîdar
Attentive; awake; on guard.

alga /ˈæl.ɡə/ n
kevz
(biology) Any of many aquatic photosynthetic organisms, including the seaweeds, whose size ranges from a single cell to giant kelps and whose biochemistry and forms are very diverse, some being eukaryotic.

algophilia n
mazoşîzm
pleasure from experiencing pain, especially sexually.

algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðəm/ /ˈælɡəˌɹɪðəm/ [ˈæɫɡəɹɪðm̩] [ˈæɫɡəˌɹɪðm̩] n
algorîtma
(countable) A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem. A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input value and yields an output value in a finite number of steps.
(loosely) A flowchart illustrating a decision-making process for human users, especially health care professionals.

alien /ˈeɪ.li.ən/ n
ecêb
A person, animal, plant, or other thing which is from outside the family, group, organization, or territory under consideration.
dest
Any life form of extraterrestrial or extradimensional origin.

align /æˈlaɪn/ /əˈlaɪn/ v
tevizîn
(transitive) To adjust to a line; to range or form in line; to bring into line.
(intransitive, reflexive) To identify (oneself) with, match, or support the behaviour, thoughts, etc. of another person, organization, or country.
(transitive, computing) To store (data) in a way that is consistent with the memory architecture, i.e. by beginning each item at an offset equal to some multiple of the word size.

alike /əˈlaɪk/ adj
eynî
Having resemblance or similitude; similar; without difference.

alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj
zindî
Having life; living; not dead.
Sprightly; lively; brisk.

alkane /ˈæl.keɪn/ n
alkan
(organic compound) Any acyclic saturated hydrocarbon (methane, ethane, etc.).

all /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ [oːɫ] [ɔɫ] determiner
hemû
qaz
Throughout the whole of (a stated period of time; generally used with units of a day or longer).

all along adv
daîme
(duration, idiomatic) For the entire time; always.

all but adv
teqrîben
Very nearly; everything short of. Most often precedes a verb or adjective.

all of a sudden /ˌɔl əv ə ˈsʌdən/ adv
[[له‌پڕ]]
(set phrase, colloquial) Suddenly, quickly, without warning.

all right /ˌɑlˈɹaɪt/ /ˌɔlˈɹaɪt/ /ˌɔːlˈɹaɪt/ adj
baş
In good health, unharmed.

all right /ˌɑlˈɹaɪt/ /ˌɔlˈɹaɪt/ /ˌɔːlˈɹaɪt/ adv
baş
Fairly well.

all right /ˌɑlˈɹaɪt/ /ˌɔlˈɹaɪt/ /ˌɔːlˈɹaɪt/ interjection
baş
Used to fill space or pauses.
Used as a general lead-in or beginning.
Used to express exasperation or frustration, often reduplicated or with already.

all the time adv
hemîşe
(set phrase, duration) Always; constantly; for the complete duration.

all told adv
yekûn
(idiomatic) With everything included, counted, or summed; in total.

all-clear n
dawer
A sign or signal indicating that a hindrance or danger is clear.

all-encompassing adj
bivegirtî
including everything; universal

all-girls adj
کچ
(education, of a school) Providing instruction for female students only.

all-you-can-eat adj
vîkîng
(literally) Offering unlimited food to a diner at a restaurant for a fixed price for as long as the diner continues to eat.

allege /əˈlɛd͡ʒ/ v
gumanbarbûn şik birin ser#Kurdi yekî
(transitive) To make a claim as justification or proof; to make an assertion without proof.

allegory /ˈæl.əˌɡɔɹ.i/ /ˈæl.ɪˌɡɔː.ɹi/ n
alegori
A symbolic representation which can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, usually a moral or political one.
(mathematics, category theory) A category that retains some of the structure of the category of binary relations between sets, representing a high-level generalisation of that category.

allele /əˈ.liː.l/ /ˈæ.liː.l/ n
allel
(genetics) One of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given position, or locus, on a chromosome.

alley /ˈæ.li/ n
bihur
A narrow street or passageway, especially one through the middle of a block giving access to the rear of lots of buildings.

alligator clip n
sûsmar
(electronics) A spring-loaded metal clip, usually attached to a wire and used to make temporary electrical connections.

allocate /ˈæl.ə.keɪt/ v
hilanîn
To set aside for a purpose.

allomorph /ˈæl.oʊ.mɔɹf/ /ˈæl.ə.mɔɹf/ /ˈæl.ə.mɔːf/ n
alomorf
(linguistics) Any of the different phonological representations of a morpheme.

allomorphic /ˌæləˈmɔɹfɪk/ adj
alomorf
Pertaining to allomorphism or to allomorphs.

allow /əˈlaʊ/ v
berdan
(transitive) To acknowledge, accept the truth of; to concede; to accede to an opinion.
(transitive, obsolete) To praise; to approve of; hence, to sanction.

allowance /əˈlaʊəns/ n
destûr
(minting) A permissible deviation in the fineness and weight of coins, owing to the difficulty in securing exact conformity to the standard prescribed by law.
lîstik
(engineering) A planned deviation between an exact dimension and a nominal or theoretical dimension.

alloy /əˈlɔɪ/ /ˈæ.lɔɪ/ n
alayîş alyaj
A metal that is a combination of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, a base metal.

alluring /əˈlɔːɹɪŋ/ /əˈlɝɪŋ/ /əˈlʊəɹɪŋ/ /əˈlʊɹɪŋ/ adj
bixurûr
Having the power to allure.

allusion /əˈlu.ʒən/ n
hinartin
An indirect reference; a hint; a reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned.

ally /æˈlaɪ/ /əˈlaɪ/ /ˈælaɪ/ /ˈæˌlaɪ/ n
hevpeyman
A person, group, state, etc., which is associated or united by treaty with another for a common (especially military or political) purpose; a confederate.

almighty /ɔːlˈmaɪti/ adj
خاوه‌ند
(sometimes, _, postpositive) Unlimited in might; omnipotent; all-powerful

almond /ˈa(l).mn̩d/ /ˈæ(l).mənd/ /ˈɑ(l).mənd/ /ˈɑː.mənd/ /ˈɔl.mənd/ n
bahîv
Other plants that produce almond-like nuts:
beyîv
(uncountable) The colour of the kernel of an almond without its shell and thin seed coat, a creamy off-white colour.

almost /ɔːɫ.ˈməʊst/ /ˈoʊ.moʊst/ /ˈɑl.moʊst/ /ˈɔl.moʊst/ /ˈɔː(l)məs/ /ˈɔːɫ.məʊst/ [ˈɒːɫmost] adv
teqrîben
Very close to, but not quite.

alms /æmz/ /ɑlmz/ /ɑmz/ /ɑːmz/ n
sedeqe
Something given to the poor as charity, such as money, clothing or food.

alone /ɐˈluŋ/ /əˈloʊn/ /əˈləʊn/ adj
xewer
By oneself, solitary.
(obsolete) Unique; rare; matchless.

alone /ɐˈluŋ/ /əˈloʊn/ /əˈləʊn/ adv
tek
By oneself; apart from, or exclusive of, others; solo.
xewer
Without outside help.
(hence) Used to emphasize the size or extent of something by selecting a subset.
Focus adverb, typically modifying a noun and occurring immediately after it.
Not permitting anything further; exclusively.
Not requiring anything further; merely.

alphabet /ˈæl.fə.bɛt/ /ˈæl.fə.bɪt/ n
alfabe
The set of letters used when writing in a language.
A writing system in which letters represent phonemes. (Contrast e.g. logography, a writing system in which each character represents a word, and syllabary, in which each character represents a syllable.)

alphabetical /ˌæl.fəˈbɛt.ɪ.kəl/ /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/ adj
alfabetîk
According to the sequence of the letters of the alphabet.

alpine chough /ˈalpaɪn ˈtʃʌf/ n
qajû
A species of bird in the crow family (Corvidae) (Pyrrhocorax graculus), that breeds locally in the highest mountains of southern Europe, the Alps, across central Asia and India.

already /ɑlˈɹɛdi/ /ɔlˈɹɛdi/ /ɔːlˈɹɛdi/ adv
jixwe
Prior to some specified time, either past, present, or future; by this time; previously.
bermayî
(US) An intensifier used to emphasize impatience or express exasperation.

altar /ˈɑl.tɚ/ /ˈɒl.tə/ /ˈɔl.tɚ/ /ˈɔːl.tə/ n
text
A table or similar flat-topped structure used for religious rites.

alternate /ɒl.ˈtɜː(ɹ).nət/ /ˈɑl.tɚ.neɪt/ /ˈɑl.tɚ.nət/ /ˈɒl.tə(ɹ).ˌneɪt/ /ˈɔl.tɚ.neɪt/ /ˈɔl.tɚ.nət/ adj
din
(mathematics) Designating the members in a series, which regularly intervene between the members of another series, as the odd or even numbers of the numerals; every other; every second.

alternating current n
rewteka pêlpêlokî
(physics) An electric current in which the direction of flow of the electrons reverses periodically.

alternative /ɑl.ˈtɝ.nə.tɪv/ /ɒl.ˈtɜː(ɹ).nə.tɪv/ /ɔl.ˈtɝ.nə.tɪv/ adj
cihê
Other; different from something else.

although /ɑlˈðoʊ/<a:cot-caught> /ɔlˈðoʊ/ /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ ; conjunction
lê
But, except.

aluminium /əˈluːmɪnəm/ /ˌæl.(j)uˈmɪn.i.əm/ /ˌæl.(j)uˈmɪn.jəm/ /ˌæl.(j)ʊˈmɪn.i.əm/ /ˌæl.(j)ʊˈmɪn.jəm/ /ˌɛl.(j)ɘˈmɘn.jɘm/ n
bafûn
A light, silvery metal extracted from bauxite, and a chemical element (symbol Al) with an atomic number of 13.

aluminium oxide n
bafûnoksîd
(inorganic compound) The solid, Al2O3, commonly known as alumina; it occurs as bauxite, sapphire, ruby and other forms; it is used in the manufacture of ceramics

alumnus /əˈlʌmnəs/ n
fêrber
A male pupil or student.
A student of any gender.

always /ˈɑl.weɪz/ /ˈɑl.wəz/ /ˈɑl.wɪz/ /ˈɔl.weɪz/ /ˈɔl.wəz/ /ˈɔl.wɪz/ /ˈɔləs/ /ˈɔː(l).weɪz/ /ˈɔːl.wɪz/ [-wɪz] [ˈɒː(ɫ)we(ɪ)z] adv
hemîşe
At all times; throughout all time; since the beginning.

amaze /əˈmeɪz/ v
aşiftandin
To fill (someone) with surprise and wonder; to astonish, to astound, to surprise. [from 16th c.]

ambassador /æmˈbæs.ə.də(ɹ)/ /æmˈbæs.ə.dɚ/ /æmˈbæs.əˌdɔɹ/ n
balyoz
A minister of the highest rank sent to a foreign court to represent there his sovereign or country. (Sometimes called ambassador-in-residence)
An official messenger and representative.

amber /ˈam.bə/ /ˈæm.bɚ/ adj
karîban
Of a brownish yellow colour, like that of most amber.

amber /ˈam.bə/ /ˈæm.bɚ/ n
karîban
A hard, generally yellow to brown translucent or transparent fossil resin from extinct coniferous trees of the pine genus, used for jewellery, decoration and later dissolved as a binder in varnishes. One variety, blue amber, appears blue rather than yellow under direct sunlight. [from 15th c.]
A yellow-orange colour.
pirteqalî
(British, AU) The intermediate light in a set of three traffic lights, which when illuminated indicates that drivers should stop when safe to do so. See also yellow light.

ambiance /ˈæm.bi.əns/ /ˈɑm.bi.ɑns/ /ˈɒm.bi.ɒns/ n
atmosfer
A particular mood or atmosphere of an environment or surrounding influence.

ambit /ˈæmbɪt/ n
zevî
The area or sphere of control and influence of something.

ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ adj
arzûmend
(of a person or their character) Having or showing ambition; wanting a lot of power, honor, respect, superiority, or other distinction.

amble /ˈæm.bəl/ n
meshyan
An unhurried leisurely walk or stroll.

ambulance /ˈæm.bjə.ləns/ /ˈæm.bjəˌlæns/ n
ambulans
An emergency vehicle designed for transporting seriously ill or injured people to a hospital. [1854]

ambush /ˈæm.bʊʃ/ n
kemîn

amen /(ˌ)eɪˈmɛn/ /(ˌ)ɑːˈmɛn/ /ˈeɪmɛn/ interjection
amîn
At the end of religious prayers: so be it.
An expression of strong agreement, often in the phrase "Amen to that!"

amenity /əˈmiːnəti/ /əˈmɛnəti/ n
îmkan
A thing or circumstance that is welcome and makes life a little easier or more pleasant.

americium /ˌæməˈɹɪsiəm/ n
amerikyûm
The chemical element (symbol Am) with an atomic number of 95.

amino acid n
asîda amînî
(amino acid) Any organic compound containing both an amino and a carboxylic acid functional group.
(amino acid) Any of the twenty naturally occurring α-amino acids (having the amino, and carboxylic acid groups on the same carbon atom), and a variety of side chains, that combine, via peptide bonds, to form proteins.

ammeter n
ampermetre
A device that measures the magnitude of an electric current, especially one calibrated in amperes.

ammonia /əˈmoʊn.jə/ n
amonyak
(inorganic compound) A gaseous compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH3, with a pungent smell and taste.

ammonic adj
amonyak
(inorganic chemistry) Relating to ammonia.
(anatomy) Relating to the cornu ammonis.

ammonical adj
amonyak
(inorganic chemistry) Of or pertaining to ammonia.

ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/ n
[[ده‌بۆ]]
Articles used in charging firearms and ordnance of all kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, rockets, etc.

amnesia /æmˈniːz.i.ə/ /æmˈniːʒə/ /ˌæmˈniʒə/ n
amnezî
(pathology) Loss of memory; forgetfulness.

amniotic fluid n
ab
(zoology) In placental mammals, a fluid contained within the amnion membrane that surrounds a developing embryo or fetus.

amoeba /əˈmiːbə/ n
amîp
(biology) A member of the genus Amoeba of unicellular protozoa that moves by means of temporary projections called pseudopodia.

amorous /ˈæ.mə.ɹəs/ /ˈæ.mɹəs/ adj
evîndar
Inclined or having a propensity to love, or to sexual enjoyment.

amount /əˈmaʊnt/ n
kom
The total, aggregate or sum of material (not applicable to discrete numbers or units or items in standard English).

amount /əˈmaʊnt/ v
hilketin
(intransitive, followed by to) To total or evaluate.
(intransitive, followed by to) To be the same as or equivalent to; to reach up to the level of.

ampere /ˈæmˌpɛər/ /ˈæmˌpɪəɹ/ /ˌæmˈpɪəɹ/ n
amper
A unit of electrical current, the standard base unit in the International System of Units; colloquially amp. Abbreviation: amp, Symbol: A

amphibian /æmˈfɪbɪən/ n
bejavî
An animal of the Amphibia; any four-legged vertebrate that does not have amniotic eggs, living both on land and in water.
A vehicle which can operate on both land and water.

amphibious [æmˈfɪbi.əs] adj
bejavî
Capable of functioning on land or in water.
Occurring on both land and water.

ample /ˈæm.pəl/ adj
fire
Not contracted or brief; not concise; extended; diffusive

amputation /ˌæmpjʊˈteɪʃən/ n
ampûtasyon
surgical removal of all or part of a limb, etc.

amusement /əˈmjuzmənt/ n
demborî
(countable) An activity that is entertaining or amusing, such as dancing, gunning, or fishing.

amusement ride n
lîstok

an /ən/ /ˈæn/ [ˈɛən] article
kesek
(all article senses).

an arm and a leg n
gurçik
(idiomatic, hyperbole) Usually used after the verb cost, but also often charge, pay, and spend: a very high price for an item or service; an exorbitant price

anachronism /əˈnæ.kɹə.nɪ.z(ə)m/ n
bihurîna demê
A person or thing which seems to belong to a different time or period of time. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]

anatomy /əˈnæt.ə.mi/ n
anatomî
The art of studying the different parts of any organized body, to discover their situation, structure, and economy.

ancestor /ˈæn.sɛs.tə/ /ˈæn.sɛs.tɚ/ n
bavkal
One from whom a person is descended, whether on the father's or mother's side, at any distance of time; a progenitor; a forefather.

ancestral /ænˈsɛs.təɹ.əl/ /ænˈsɛs.tɹəl/ adj
bavkal
Of, pertaining to, derived from, or possessed by, an ancestor or ancestors

anchor /ˈæŋ.kə/ /ˈæŋ.kɚ/ n
lenger
(nautical) A tool used to moor a vessel to the bottom of a sea or river to resist movement.

anchovy /ænˈt͡ʃəʊ.vi/ /ˈæn.t͡ʃə.vi/ /ˈæn.t͡ʃəʊ.vi/ /ˈænt͡ʃoʊ.vi/ n
hamsî
Any small saltwater fish of the Engraulidae family, consisting of 160 species in 16 genera, of which the genus Engraulis is widely sold as food.

ancient /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/ /ˈeɪŋk.ʃənt/ adj
dêrîn
Having lasted from a remote period; having been of long duration; of great age, very old.
Existent or occurring in time long past, usually in remote ages; belonging to or associated with antiquity; old, as opposed to modern.
(history) Relating to antiquity as a primarily European historical period; the time before the Middle Ages.

and /n̩/ /n̩d/ /æn/ /ænd/ /ən/ /ənd/ /ɛn/ /ɛnd/ conjunction
û و
Used to connect certain numbers: connecting units when they precede tens (not dated); connecting tens and units to hundreds, thousands etc. (now often omitted in US); to connect fractions to wholes. [from 10th c.]
(now, colloquial, or, literary) Used to connect more than two elements together in a chain, sometimes to stress the number of elements.

and so forth phraseologicalUnit
hwd
(idiomatic) Indicates that a list continues in a similar manner.

anecdote /ˈæ.nɪk.doʊt/ n
çîrokbêjî
An account which supports an argument, but which is not supported by scientific or statistical analysis.
A previously untold secret account of an incident.

anemia /əˈnimi.ə/ n
anemî
(American spelling, uncountable, pathology) A medical condition in which the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen to the tissues is reduced, either because of too few red blood cells, or because of too little hemoglobin, resulting in pallor and fatigue.

angel /ˈeɪn.d͡ʒəl/ /ˈeɪn.d͡ʒɛl/ /ˈæn.d͡ʒəl/ n
ferişte
An incorporeal and sometimes divine messenger from a deity, or other divine entity, often depicted in art as a youthful winged figure in flowing robes.
A person having the qualities attributed to angels, such as purity or selflessness.

angel of death n
emrê Xwedê
A personification of death in fiction, art, mythology, or religion.

anger /ˈeɪŋɡɚ/ /ˈæŋɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈæŋɡɚ/ n
ڕق
A strong feeling of displeasure, hostility, or antagonism towards someone or something, usually combined with an urge to harm, often stemming from perceived provocation, hurt, or threat.

angler /ˈæŋ.ɡlə(ɹ)/ /ˈæŋ.ɡlɚ/ n
serhêçk
An angler fish, Lophius piscatorius.

anglerfish /ˈæŋɡləˌfɪʃ/ /ˈæŋɡlɚˌfɪʃ/ n
serhêçk
Any fish of the bony fish order Lophiiformes, which have an outgrowth they wiggle to lure and catch their prey.

angry /ˈæŋ.ɡɹi/ adj
توڕه‌
Displaying or feeling anger.

anguish /ˈæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ n
xaç
Extreme pain, either of body or mind; excruciating distress.

angular mil n
hezarem
(military) A unit of angular measurement equal to 1/6400 of a complete circle. At 1000 metres one mil subtends about one metre (~0,98 m). Also 1/6000 and 1/6300 are used in other countries.

anhydride n
anhîdrîd
(chemistry) Any compound formally derived from another (or from others) by the loss of a water molecule, especially acid anhydrides.

animal /ˈæn.ə.məl/ /ˈæn.ɪ.məl/ n
ajal heywan
(science) Any eukaryote of the clade Animalia; a multicellular organism that is usually mobile, whose cells are not encased in a rigid cell wall (distinguishing it from plants and fungi) and which derives energy solely from the consumption of other organisms (distinguishing it from plants).
ajel
(loosely) Any member of the kingdom Animalia other than a human.
(figuratively) A person who behaves wildly; a bestial, brutal, brutish, cruel, or inhuman person.

animal husbandry n
ajaldarî
The management and care of farm animals by humans for profit, in which genetic qualities and behaviour, considered to be advantageous to humans, are further developed.

animate /ˈæn.ə.meɪt/ /ˈæn.ə.mət/ /ˈæn.ɪ.meɪt/ /ˈæn.ɪ.mət/ adj
zindî
That lives.
(grammar) Inflected to agree with an animate noun or pronoun.
aktîv
Dynamic, energetic.

animation /æn.əˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
anîmasyon
(animation, in the sense of a cartoon) A sequence of still drawings or inanimate objects displayed in rapid succession to create the illusion of movement in motion pictures or computer graphics; the object (film, computer game, etc.) produced
(linguistics) conversion from the inanimate to animate grammatical category

animator /ˈænɪˌmeɪtə(ɹ)/ n
afirmend
One who animates something; one who brings something to life or the appearance of life.

animism /ˈænɪmɪzəm/ n
anîmîzm
A belief that spirits inhabit some or all classes of natural objects or phenomena.

anion /ˈænˌaɪ.ɑn/ /ˈænˌaɪ.ɒn/ /ˈænˌaɪ.ən/ n
anyon
A negatively charged ion.

ankle /ˈæŋ.kəl/ n
gozek
The skeletal joint which connects the foot with the leg; the uppermost portion of the foot and lowermost portion of the leg, which contain this skeletal joint.

annihilate /əˈnaɪə.leɪt/ v
hilweşandin
To reduce to nothing, to destroy, to eradicate.

announce /əˈnaʊn(t)s/ /əˈnaʊns/ /ˈæ.naʊns/ v
agahdar kirin
(transitive) To give public notice of, especially for the first time; to make known.
(transitive) To pronounce; to declare by judicial sentence.

announcement /əˈnaʊns.mɛnt/ n
beyan
An act of announcing, or giving notice.
That which conveys what is announced.
The content which is announced.

annoying /əˈnɔɪ.ɪŋ/ adj
demar
Causing irritation or annoyance; troublesome; vexatious.

annunciate /əˈnʌnsɪeɪt/ v
agahdar kirin
(transitive, formal) To announce.

anon /əˈnɑn/ /əˈnɒn/ n
bejnbost
An anonymous person, especially an author.

anonymous /əˈnɑ.nə.məs/ /əˈnɒn.ə.məs/ /əˈnɔn.ə.məs/ adj
anonîm
(not comparable) Without any name acknowledged of a person responsible

anopia n
کوێری
(medicine) State or condition of sightlessness, often due to medical reasons.

another /eɪ.ˈnʌð.ɚ/ /æ.ˈnʊð.ə/ /æ.ˈnʌð.ə/ /æ.ˈnʌð.ɚ/ /ə.ˈnʌð.ə/ /ə.ˈnʌð.ɚ/ determiner
cihê
Not the same; different.
din
Any or some other, similar in likeness or in effect, instead.

answer /ˈan.sə/ /ˈæn.sə/ /ˈæn.sɚ/ /ˈɑːn.sə/ [ˈeən.sə] [ˈeən.sɚ] [ˈeːnsə ~ ˈɛːnsə] [ˈɐːnsə] n
cewab
(legal) A document filed in response to a complaint, responding to each point raised in the complaint and raising counterpoints.

answer /ˈan.sə/ /ˈæn.sə/ /ˈæn.sɚ/ /ˈɑːn.sə/ [ˈeən.sə] [ˈeən.sɚ] [ˈeːnsə ~ ˈɛːnsə] [ˈɐːnsə] v
vekirin
To correspond to; to be in harmony with; to be in agreement with.

ant /ænt/ /ɑːnt/ /ɛnt/ [eənt] [ɛənt] [ɛːnt] n
gêrik
Any of various insects in the family Formicidae in the order Hymenoptera, typically living in large colonies composed almost entirely of flightless females.

antagonist /ænˈtæɡənɪst/ n
neyar
An opponent or enemy.

antecedent /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/ n
bavkal
An ancestor.

antelope /ˈæn.tə.loʊp/ /ˈæn.tɪ.loʊp/ /ˈæn.tɪ.ləʊp/ n
antîlop
Any of several African mammals of the family Bovidae distinguished by hollow horns, which, unlike deer, they do not shed.

anthology /ænˈθɑləd͡ʒi/ /ænˈθɒlədʒi/ n
antolojî
A collection of literary works, such as poems or short stories, especially a collection from various authors.

anthrax /ˈæn.θɹæks/ n
kumirr
(pathology) An acute infectious disease of herbivores, especially sheep and cattle, caused by Bacillus anthracis.

anthropology /ˌænθɹəˈpɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌænθɹəˈpɒləd͡ʒi/ n
antropolojî
The scientific study of humans, systematically describing the ethnographic, linguistic, archaeological, and evolutionary dimensions of humanity using a holistic methodological framework.

antibody n
dijeten
(immunology) A protein produced by B-lymphocytes that binds to a specific antigen.

antic /ˈæn.tɪk/ n
xêzik
A caricature.

antidote /ˈæn.tɪ.doʊt/ n
jehrkuj
A remedy to counteract the effects of poison.
(figurative) Something that counteracts or prevents something harmful.

antigen n
dijepeydaker
(immunology) A substance that induces an immune response, usually foreign.

antimony /ˈæn.tɪ.mə.niː/ /ˈæn.tɪˌmoʊ.ni/ n
stîbyûm
A chemical element (symbol Sb, from Latin stibium) with an atomic number of 51: in its stable allotrope, a lustrous gray and very brittle metal.

antique /ænˈtiːk/ adj
dêrîn
Belonging to former times, not modern, out of date, old-fashioned.

antler /ˈænt.lə/ /ˈænt.lɚ/ /ˈænʔ.lɚ/ /ˈænʔ.ɫɚ/ n
şax
A deciduous branching and bony structure on the head of deer, moose and elk, normally in pairs. They are grown and shed each year. (Compare with horn, which is generally not shed.)

antonym /ˈæn.təˌnɪm/ n
dijwate
(semantics) A word which has the opposite meaning of another word.

antonymous /ænt.əˈnɪm.ʌs/ /ænˈtɑnɪməs/ /ænˈtɒn.ɪ.məs/ adj
dijwate
Synonym of antonymic.

anus /ˈeɪ.nəs/ n
kom
(anatomy) The lower orifice of the alimentary canal in many animals, through which feces and flatus are ejected.

anxiety /ˌæŋ(ɡ)ˈzaɪ.ə.ti/ n
anksiyete
An unpleasant state of mental uneasiness, nervousness, apprehension and obsession or concern about some uncertain event.
(pathology) A state of restlessness and agitation, often accompanied by a distressing sense of oppression or tightness in the stomach.

any more /ˌæ.niˈmoːɹ/ /ˌæ.niˈmɔːɹ/ /ˌɛ.niˈmo(ː)ɹ/ /ˌɛ.niˈmoə/ /ˌɛ.niˈmɔɹ/ /ˌɛ.niˈmɔː/ adv
bermayî
(in negative or interrogative constructions) From a given time onwards; longer, again.

anytime adv
daîme
At any time.

anyway /ˈɛniweɪ/ adv
jixwe
Used to indicate that a statement explains or supports a previous statement. See anyhow and at least. [from 19th c.]

anywhere /ˈɛn.i.(h)wɛɹ/ /ˈɛn.iː.(h)wɛə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛnɪwɛə/ adv
herder
In or at any location.

aorist /ˈeɪ.ə.ɹɪst/ /ˈɛə.ɹɪst/ n
dema fire
(grammar) A verb paradigm found in certain languages, usually an unmarked form or one that expresses the perfective or aorist aspect.

aorta /eɪˈɔɹtə/ /eɪˈɔːtə/ n
aort
(anatomy) The great artery which carries the blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main trunk of the arterial system.

apace /əˈpeɪs/ adv
bi lez
Quickly, rapidly, with speed.

apartment building n
apartman
A residential building containing multiple apartments or flats.

ape /eɪp/ n
meymûn
A primate of the clade Hominoidea, generally larger than monkeys and distinguished from them by having no tail.
Any such primate other than a human.
(derogatory) An uncivilized person.
One who apes; a foolish imitator.

aphorism /ˈæf.ə.ɹɪ.zəm/ [ˈæf.ə.ɹɪ.zm̩] n
adaj
A concise, terse, laconic, or memorable expression of a general truth or principle.

aporia /əˈpɔɹiə/ /əˈpɔːɹɪə/ n
guman
(rhetoric) An expression of deliberation with oneself regarding uncertainty or doubt as to how to proceed.

app /æp/ [æʔp̚] n
bername
(computing, mobile phones) An application (program), especially a small one designed for a mobile device.

apparatus /æp.əˈɹeɪ.təs/ /æp.əˈɹæt.əs/ /æp.əˈɹɑː.təs/ n
mekanîzma

appearance /əˈpɪɹ.əns/ n
diyarbûn
The act of appearing or coming into sight; the act of becoming visible to the eye.

appetite /ˈæpəˌtaɪt/ /ˈæpɪtaɪt/ n
daxwaz
Any strong desire; an eagerness or longing.

applaud /əˈplɑd/ /əˈplɔd/ /əˈplɔːd/ v
begem kirin
(transitive, intransitive) To praise, or express approval for something or someone.

apple /ˈæpəl/ [ˈæpɫ̩] n
sêv
(Christianity) The fruit of the tree of knowledge, eaten by Adam and Eve according to modern Christian tradition; the forbidden fruit. [from 11th c.]

apple juice n
ava sêvê
The juice of apples, often used as a drink.

apple tree /ˈæpl̩ tɹi/ /ˈæpl̩ tɹiː/ n
sêv
(botany) Any tree that bears apples, principally Malus domestica but also certain wild species.

application /ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
daxwazname
The act of applying or laying on, in a literal sense
A verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school, course or similar.
sepan
The act of applying as a means; the employment of means to accomplish an end; specific use.
The act of directing or referring something to a particular case, to discover or illustrate agreement or disagreement, fitness, or correspondence.
(computing) A computer program or the set of software that the end user perceives as a single entity as a tool for a well-defined purpose. (Also called: application program; application software.)

apply /əˈplaɪ/ v
dîtin
(intransitive) To submit oneself as a candidate (with the adposition "to" designating the recipient of the submission, and the adposition "for" designating the position).

appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ v
bijartin

appointment /əˈpɔɪnt.mɛnt/ /əˈpɔɪnt.mɪnt/ [əˈpʰɔɪ̯nʔmɪnʔ] [əˈpʰɔɪ̯̃ʔmɪnʔ] n
tayîn
The act of appointing a person to hold an office or to have a position of trust
hevdîtin
(government) The assignment of a person by an official to perform a duty, such as a presidential appointment of a judge to a court.

apportionment n
tehsîs
(US) The distribution of members of the House of Representatives according to the population of the various states.

appraise /əˈpɹeɪz/ v
nirxandin

appreciate /əˈpɹiː.si.eɪt/ /əˈpɹiː.ʃi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹɪʃ.i.eɪt/ v
تێگه‌یشت
(transitive) To be fully conscious of; understand; be aware of; detect.

appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
ته‌قدیر

apprehend /æpɹiˈhɛnd/ v
girtin
(law enforcement) To seize or take (a person) by legal process; to arrest.

apprehensive /ˌæpɹɪˈhɛnsɪv/ adj
dilnerehet
Anticipating something with anxiety, fear, or doubt; reluctant.

apprentice /əˈpɹɛntɪs/ n
xwendekar
A trainee, especially in a skilled trade.

approach /əˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /əˈpɹəʊt͡ʃ/ v
nêzikî
(intransitive) To come or go near, in place or time; to move toward; to advance nearer; to draw nigh.
(ambitransitive, figuratively) Used intransitively, followed by to: to draw near (to someone or something); to make advances; to approximate or become almost equal.
(transitive, military) To take approaches to (a place); to move towards (a place) by using covered roads, trenches, or other works.

appropriate /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.ət/ /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.ɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹi.ət/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹi.ɪt/ adj
guncav
Suitable or fit; proper.

approve /əˈpɹuːv/ v
qebûl kirin
(transitive) To officially sanction; to ratify; to confirm; to set as satisfactory.
(transitive) To regard as good; to commend; to be pleased with; to think well of.
(transitive, archaic) To make proof of; to demonstrate; to prove or show practically.
(intransitive, followed by "of") To consider worthy (to); to be pleased (with); to accept.

approximately /əˈpɹɑk.sɪ.mət.li/ /əˈpɹɒk.sɪ.mət.li/ adv
kêmzêde
Imprecise but close to in quantity or amount.

apricot /æepɹɪˈkɒt/ /æepɹɪˈkɔt/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɑt/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɒt/ /ˈæp.ɹɪ.kɑt/ n
mijmij zerdelî
A pale yellow-orange colour, like that of an apricot fruit.

apt /æpt/ adj
زیره‌ک
Ready; especially fitted or qualified (to do something); quick to learn.

aquarium /-ɛɹiəm/ /əˈkwɛɹ.i.jəm/ n
akwaryûm
A tank, often made of glass, for keeping live fish or other aquatic animals.

aquatic /w/ /ɘ.ˈkwɔ.tɘk/ /ə.ˈkwæ.tɪk/ /ə.ˈkwɑ.tɪk/ /ə.ˈkwɒ.tɪk/ adj
av
Relating to water; living in or near water, taking place in water.

aqueduct /ˈæk.wəˌdʌkt/ /ˈæk.wɪˌdʌkt/ /ˈɑk.wəˌdʌkt/ n
kemera avê
An artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another.

aqueous /ˈeɪ.kwi.əs/ /ˈæ.kwi.əs/ /ˈɑ.kwi.əs/ adj
ab
(physical chemistry) Consisting mostly of water. Often used in the expression "aqueous solution".

araba n
erebe
(historical) A horse-drawn carriage once used for transportation in pre-modern Turkey.

arak /əˈɹæk/ /ˈɛɹ.ɪk/ n
araq
A clear, unsweetened aniseed-flavoured alcoholic drink, produced and consumed primarily in the Levant.

arbor /ˈaːbə/ /ˈɑɹbɚ/ /ˈɑːbə/ n
dingil
A spindle of a wheel.

arc /ɑɹk/ /ɑːk/ n
kevan
(geometry) A continuous part of the circumference of a circle (circular arc) or of another curve. [from 16th c.]
A curve, in general. [from 17th c.]

arcane /ɑɹˈkeɪn/ adj
raz
Understood by only a few.

arch /ɑɹk/ /ɑɹt͡ʃ/ /ɑːk/ /ɑːt͡ʃ/ n
kevan
An inverted U shape.
kemer
(architecture) An architectural element having the shape of an arch

archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/ /ˌɑː.kiˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ n
arkeolog
Someone who studies or practises archaeology.

archbishop /ˈɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˌbɪʃəp/ /ˌɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˈbɪʃəp/ n
sermetran
A senior bishop who is in charge of an archdiocese, and presides over a group of dioceses called a province (in Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, etc.)

archetype /ˈɑɹkɪtaɪp/ /ˈɑːkɪtaɪp/ n
arketîp
An original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned; a prototype. [from mid 16th c.]

architect /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛkt/ n
mîmar
A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction.
A person who plans, devises or contrives the achievement of a desired result.

architecture /ˈɑɹkɪtɛkt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈɑː.kɪ.ˌtɛk.tʃə/ n
mîmarî
The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.

ardor /ˈɑːdə/ /ˈɑːɹdɚ/ n
germahî
Great warmth of feeling; fervor; passion.
ڤیان
Spirit; enthusiasm; passion.

are you OK /ɑɹ juː oʊˈkeɪ/ /ɑː juː əʊˈkeɪ/ [ɑ̟ɹ ju̟ː oʊˈkʰeɪ] [ɑ̟ː ju̟ː əʊˈkʰeɪ] phraseologicalUnit
baş
Asking if the listener is OK (e.g. not hurt).

area /ˈɛə.ɹɪə/ /ˈɛɚ.i.ə/ /ˈɛː.ɹɪə/ n
cîh
Any particular extent of surface, especially an empty or unused extent.

argent /ˈɑɹd͡ʒənt/ /ˈɑːdʒənt/ adj
zîv
Of silver or silver-coloured.
(tincture) : of white or silver tincture on a coat of arms.

argent /ˈɑɹd͡ʒənt/ /ˈɑːdʒənt/ n
zîv
(tincture) The white or silver tincture on a coat of arms.

argon /ˈɑːɹɡɒn/ n
argon
The chemical element (symbol Ar) with an atomic number of 18. The third most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, it is a colourless, odourless, inert noble gas.

arguably /ˈɑɹɡjuəbli/ /ˈɑːɡjuəbli/ adv
belkî
As can be supported or proven by sound logical deduction, evidence, and precedent, but without absolute certainty.

argument /-ɡju-/ /-ɡjə-/ /ˈɑɹɡjʊmənt/ /ˈɑːɡjʊmənt/ n
parêzî
(countable) A verbal dispute; a quarrel.

arid /ˈæɹ.ɪd/ /ˈɛɚ.ɪd/ adj
hişk
Very dry.

arigato /-ɡæ-/ /-ɹɪ-/ /æ-/ /ˌɑːɹiˈɡɑːtoʊ/ /ˌɑːɹiˈɡɑːtəʊ/ interjection
spas
(colloquial) Thank you (used in the context of, or to evoke, Japanese culture).

aristocracy /ˌæ.ɹɪˈstɒk.ɹə.si/ /ˌɛɹ.ɪˈstɑk.ɹə.si/ n
zanîn
The nobility, or the hereditary ruling class.
A class of people considered (not normally universally) superior to others.

arithmetic /əˈɹɪθmətɪk/ /ˌæɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/ n
arîtmetîk
The mathematics of numbers (integers, rational numbers, real numbers, or complex numbers) under the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

arm /ɐːm/ /ɑɹm/ /ɑːm/ n
çeng
The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand.
A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the armrest of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses.

armament /ˈɑː(ɹ)məmənt/ n
sîleh
Any equipment for resistance.

armchair /ˈɑɹmt͡ʃɛɚ/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)mtʃɛə(ɹ)/ n
paldank
A chair with supports for the arms or elbows.

armed forces n
ئۆردوو
The military forces of a nation, such as the army, navy, air force, marines, and sometimes, coastguard or border guard, which are tasked with the defence of the nation and its citizens, if necessary through use of deadly force.

armistice /-məstəs/ /ˈɑɹmɪstɪs/ /ˈɑːmɪstɪs/ n
çeksekinandin
A formal agreement, especially between nations, to end combat.

armpit /ˈɑɹmˌpɪt/ n
binkefş
The cavity beneath the junction of the arm and shoulder.

armrest n
çeng
Part of the seat of a chair that is designed to support the arm.

army /ˈɐː.mi(ː)/ /ˈɑɹ.mi/ /ˈɑː.miː/ n
artêş
A large, highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground (rather than air or naval) operations.
The governmental agency in charge of a state's army.
(figuratively) A large group of people working toward the same purpose.
(figuratively) A large group of social animals working toward the same purpose.
(figuratively) Any multitude.

aromatic /ˌæɹ.əˈmæt.ɪk/ /ˌɛɹ.əˈmæt.ɪk/ [ˌæɹ.əˈmæɾ.ɪk] [ˌɛɹ.əˈmæɾ.ɪk] adj
bêhnxweş
(organic chemistry) Derived from benzene.

arousal /əˈɹaʊzəl/ n
ji xew rabûn
Arousal from sleep or hibernation.

arouse /əˈɹaʊz/ v
arandin
(transitive) To stimulate or induce (feelings).
ji xew rabûn
(transitive) To wake from sleep or stupor; to rouse.

arraign /əˈɹeɪn/ v
şemisandin
To officially charge someone in a court of law.

arrange /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ v
ڕێخستن
(transitive) To set up; to organize; to put into an orderly sequence or arrangement.
durist kirin
(transitive, intransitive) To plan; to prepare in advance.
akort kirin
(music, transitive, intransitive) To prepare and adapt an already-written composition for presentation in other than its original form.

arrangement /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒmənt/ n
bikeyskirin
The act of arranging.
(music) An adaptation of a piece of music for other instruments, or in another style.

array /əˈɹeɪ/ /əˈɹæɪ/ n
kom
Clothing and ornamentation.
bikeyskirin
A collection laid out to be viewed in full.
adanî
A large collection.
texte
(programming) Any of various data structures designed to hold multiple elements of the same type; especially, a data structure that holds these elements in adjacent memory locations so that they may be retrieved using numeric indices.

arrest /əˈɹɛst/ v
بوه‌سته‌
(transitive) To stop or slow (a process, course etc.). [from 14th c.]
girtin
(transitive) To seize (someone) with the authority of the law; to take into legal custody. [from 14th c.]

arrival /əˈɹaɪ.vəl/ n
له‌دایکبوون
The act of arriving (reaching a certain place).
The fact of beginning to occur; the initial phase of something.

arrow /ˈæɹoʊ/ /ˈæɹə/ /ˈæɹəʊ/ /ˈɛ(ə)ɹoʊ/ n
tîr تیر
A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.
A sign or symbol used to indicate a direction (e.g. →).
(computing) The -> symbol, which has specific meanings in various programming languages.

arrowhead n
tîr
The pointed part of an arrow (the symbol).

arsenic /ɑɹˈsɛnɪk/ /ɑː(ɹ)ˈsɛnɪk/ /ˈɑɹsənɪk/ /ˈɑː(ɹ).sə.nɪk/ n
دارو
A toxic grey brittle nonmetallic chemical element (symbol As) with an atomic number of 33.

art /ɐːt/ /ɑɹt/ /ɑːt/ [-tsʰ] [-ɻ-] [aːt] [äːt] [äˑɹt] [ɐɹt] [ɑːtʰ] [ɑːʔ] [ɑˑɻt] [ɑ̈ɹt] [ɒət] [ɒɹt] [ɒːt] n
huner
(uncountable) The conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colours, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the senses and emotions, usually specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium.
(countable) Skillful creative activity, usually with an aesthetic focus.
(uncountable) The study and the product of these processes.
(countable) Skill that is attained by study, practice, or observation.
(uncountable, dated) Contrivance, scheming, manipulation.

artery /ˈɑɹ.təɹ.i/ /ˈɑː.tə.ɹi/ n
xwînber
(anatomy) Any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery.

artful /ˈɑɹtf(ə)l/ /ˈɑːtf(ʊ)l/ adj
hunerî
Exhibiting or using much art or skill; dexterous; skilful.

article /ˈɑɹtəkl̩/ /ˈɑɹtɪkəl/ /ˈɑːtɪkəl/ [ˈɑ(ː)ɹɾɨkɫ̩] [ˈɑːtʰɪkʰəɫ] n
nivîsar
A piece of nonfiction writing such as a story, report, opinion piece, or entry in a newspaper, magazine, journal, encyclopedia, etc.
A section of a legal document, bylaws, etc. or, in the plural, the entire document seen as a collection of these.
artîkel
(grammar) A part of speech that indicates, specifies and limits a noun (a, an, or the in English). In some languages the article may appear as an ending (e.g. definite article in Swedish) or there may be none (e.g. Russian, Pashto).

artificial /ˌɑː(ɹ).təˈfɪʃ.əl/ [ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃl] adj
destkar
Man-made; made by humans; of artifice.
Not natural or normal: imposed arbitrarily or without regard to the specifics or normal circumstances of a person, a situation, etc.
(bridge) Conveying some meaning other than the actual contents of one's hand.

artificial intelligence n
jirıya destkar
Intelligence exhibited by an artificial (non-natural, man-made) entity.
jîriya destkirî
(computer science) The branch of computer science dealing with the reproduction or mimicking of human-level intelligence, self-awareness, knowledge, conscience, thought in computer programs.
The essential quality of a machine which thinks in a manner similar to or on the same general level as a real human being.

artist /ˈɑɹ.tɪst/ /ˈɑːtɪst/ [ˈɑɹ.ɾɪst] n
hunermend
A person who creates art as an occupation.
A person who creates art.

artistic /ɑɹˈtɪstɪk/ /ɑːˈtɪstɪk/ adj
hunerî
Having or revealing creative skill.
Relating to or characteristic of art or artists.
Aesthetically pleasing.

as /æz/ /əz/ adv
heta
To such an extent or degree; to the same extent or degree.
mîna
Considered to be, in relation to something else; in the relation (specified).
ji
(dated) For example; for instance. (Compare such as.)

as /æz/ /əz/ conjunction
heta
In the (same) way or manner that; to the (same) degree that.
kengî
At the same time that, during the same time when: while.
ji
(dated) Introducing a comparison with a hypothetical state (+ subjunctive, or with the verb elided): as though, as if. [to 19th century]

as /ˈæs/ n
ji
(unit of weight) A libra.
heta
(numismatics) Any of several coins of Rome, coined in bronze or later copper; or the equivalent value.

as /æz/ /əz/ preposition
ji
Introducing a basis of comparison, with an object in the objective case.
kengî
In the role of.

as in adv
mîna
(idiomatic, conjunctive) In the sense of.

as well /æzwɛl/ /æzˈwɛl/ /əzˈwɛl/ [æˑzˈwɛːɫ] adv
û
(idiomatic) In addition; also.

asbestos /æsˈbɛs.tɒs/ /æsˈbɛs.təs/ /æzˈbɛs.təs/ n
amyant
(mineral) Any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate, used for fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings, chemical filters, suits, fireman's gloves, etc.

ascend /əˈsɛnd/ v
hilketin
(intransitive) To move upward, to fly, to soar.

asexuality n
aseksuelî
The state of experiencing little or no sexual attraction.
The state of not having a sex or sexual organs.

ash /æʃ/ n
xwelî
The solid remains of a fire.

ashcan n
teblî
A container for ashes, used in times past for accumulating ashes generated from wood and coal fires, for eventual disposal elsewhere.

ashtray /ˈæʃ.tɹeɪ/ n
teblî
A receptacle for ash and butts from cigarettes and cigars.

ashugh n
evîndar
A mystic bard, balladeer, or troubadour in the South Caucasus, Iran or Turkey who accompanied their songs with a long-necked lute (saz).

aside /əˈsaɪd/ n
لەم ڕووەوە
An incidental remark to a person next to one made discreetly but not in private, audible only to that person. (theatre) A brief comment by a character addressing the audience, unheard by other characters.

ask /eəsk/ /ˈask/ /ˈæks/ /ˈæsk/ /ˈɑːks/ /ˈɑːsk/ v
pirsîn
(transitive, intransitive) To request (information, or an answer to a question).

ask for v
pirsîn
To request.

asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj
nivistin
In a state of sleep; also, broadly, resting.

aspartic acid n
tirşeya aspartîk
(amino acid) A nonessential amino acid, L-α-amino-succinic acid, aminobutanedioic acid, found in animal protein and in sugar beet etc (C4H7NO4).

aspect /ˈæspɛkt/ n
rawe
(grammar) A grammatical quality of a verb which determines the relationship of the speaker to the internal temporal flow of the event which the verb describes, or whether the speaker views the event from outside as a whole, or from within as it is unfolding. [from 19th c.]

aspen /ˈæspən/ n
kebûde
A poplar tree, especially of section Populus sect. Populus, of medium-size trees with thin, straight trunks of a greenish-white color.

asphalt /ˈæsfælt/ /ˈæsfɑlt/ /ˈæsfɔlt/ /ˈæsfɔːlt/ /ˈæsfəlt/ /ˈæʃfælt/ /ˈæʃfɑlt/ /ˈæʃfɔlt/ /ˈæʃfɔːlt/ /ˈæʃfəlt/ /ˈæʃfɛlt/ n
قیرتاو
A sticky, black to brown and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid, composed almost entirely of bitumen with small mineral particles, that is present in most crude petroleums and in some natural deposits.
Ellipsis of asphalt concrete, a hard ground covering used for roads and walkways.

aspirate /ˈæs.pə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈæs.pə.ɹɪt/ /ˈæs.pəɹ.eɪt/ /ˈæs.pəɹ.ət/ /ˈæs.pɪ.ɹeɪt/ /ˈæs.pɪ.ɹət/ v
mêjîn
(transitive) To remove a liquid or gas by means of suction.

ass /æs/ n
ker
Any of several species of horse-like animals, especially Equus asinus, the domesticated of which are used as beasts of burden.
(often, vulgar, _, through, _, confusion, _) A stupid person.
qûn
(vulgar, slang, countable, and, uncountable) The buttocks.
(vulgar, slang, synecdochically, uncountable) Sex; a person to have sex with; with vulgar emphasis on their corporeality (their body) over their personhood.

assassin /əˈsæsɪn/ n
qatil
Someone who intentionally kills a person, especially a professional who kills a public or political figure.
Any ruthless killer.

assassinate /əˈsæs(ə)nˌeɪt/ /əˈsæsɪneɪt/ v
kuştin
To murder someone, especially an important person, by a sudden or obscure attack, especially for ideological or political reasons. [from 17th c.]
(figuratively) To harm, ruin, or defame severely or destroy by treachery, slander, libel, or obscure attack.

assemble /əˈsɛmbl̩/ v
hilketin
(transitive) To put together.

assembly /əˈsɛmb.li/ /əˈsɛmb.lɪ/ n
grûb
The act or process of putting together a set of pieces, fragments, or elements.
dawet û dîlan
(politics) A legislative body.

assent /əˈsɛnt/ v
pesind bûn
(intransitive) To agree to a proposal.

assert /əˈsɜːt/ /əˈsɝt/ v
angaştin
(reflexive) To insist on the legitimacy of one's rights, opinion, etc; not to allow oneself to be dismissed; to ensure that one is taken into consideration; to make oneself respected; to be assertive. See assert oneself.

assertion /əˈsɜɹʃən/ /əˈsɜːʃən/ [əˈsɝʃn̩] n
sîgorta
Something which is asserted; a declaration; a statement asserted.

assess /əˈses/ /əˈsɛs/ v
nirxandin
(transitive) To determine, estimate or judge the value of; to evaluate

asset /ˈæsət/ /ˈæsɛt/ /ˈæsɪt/ n
hebûn
(software) Any component, model, process or framework of value that can be leveraged or reused.

assimilation /əˌsɪməˈleɪʃən/ n
asimilasyon
The act of assimilating or the state of being assimilated.

assistance /əˈsɪs.təns/ n
alîkarî
Aid; help; the act or result of assisting.

assistant /əˈsɪstənt/ n
alîkar
A person who assists or helps someone else.

associate /əˈsoʊsi.ət/ /əˈsoʊsieɪt/ /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsoʊʃieɪt/ /əˈsəʊsi.ət/ /əˈsəʊsieɪt/ /əˈsəʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ n
cariye
A person united with another or others in an act, enterprise, or business; a partner.

associate /əˈsoʊsi.ət/ /əˈsoʊsieɪt/ /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsoʊʃieɪt/ /əˈsəʊsi.ət/ /əˈsəʊsieɪt/ /əˈsəʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ v
یه‌ک خستن
(transitive) To connect or join together; combine.

association /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/ /əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃən/ /əˌsəʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ n
dawet û dîlan

association football n
futbol
A ball game played between two teams of eleven players, each attempting to win by scoring more goals than their opponent.

associative array n
loghet
(computing) An array-like data structure where the indices (called keys) are not limited to integers.

assume /əˈsjuːm/ /əˈsuːm/ /əˈzuːm/ /əˈʃuːm/ v
girtin
To adopt (an idea or cause)

assurance /əˈʃɔːɹəns/ /əˈʃɝəns/ /əˈʃʊəɹəns/ /əˈʃʊɹəns/ n
sîgorta
(insurance) Insurance; a contract for the payment of a sum on occasion of a certain event, as loss or death. Assurance is used in relation to life contingencies, and insurance in relation to other contingencies. It is called temporary assurance, in the time within which the contingent event must happen is limited.

assure /əˈʃɔː/ /əˈʃɝ/ /əˈʃʊə/ /əˈʃʊɹ/ v
dabîn kirin
(transitive) To make sure and secure; ensure.
(transitive, followed by that or of) To give (someone) confidence in the trustworthiness of (something).

aster /ˈæstɚ/ n
stêre gul
Any of several plants of the genus Aster; one of its flowers.

asterisk /ˈæst(ə)ˌɹɪks/ /ˈæstəɹɪsk/ /ˈæstəˌɹɪsk/ /ˈæstɹɪsk/ n
stêr
(Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism) An instrument with radiating arms resembling a star which is placed over the diskos (or paten) used during the Eucharist to prevent the veil covering the chalice and diskos from touching the host on the diskos.
(dated) A small star; also (by extension) , something resembling or shaped like a star.
Something resembling or shaped like an asterisk symbol.

asteroid /ˈæst(ə)ɹɔɪd/ n
asteroîd
(astronomy) A naturally occurring solid object, which is smaller than a planet and a dwarf planet, larger than a meteoroid and not a comet, that orbits a star and often has an irregular shape.

astrologer /əˈstɹɒl.ə.d͡ʒɚ/ n
kuastrolog
One who studies or practices astrology.

astrological sign n
stêrkşan
(astrology) Any of twelve signs, corresponding to constellations, that are used as the basis of astrology

astrology /əˈstɹɒlədʒi/ n
astrolojî
Divination about human affairs or natural phenomena from the relative positions of celestial bodies. [from 14th c.]

astronaut /ˈæstɹəˌnɑt/ /ˈæstɹəˌnɔt/ /ˈæstɹəˌnɔːt/ n
stêreger
A member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft that travels beyond Earth's atmosphere, or someone trained to serve that purpose.

astronomy /æsˈtɹɑn.ə.mi/ /əˈstɹɑn.ə.mi/ n
stêrnasî
The study of the physical universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere, including the process of mapping locations and properties of the matter and radiation in the universe.

astrophysics /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/ /ˌæs.tɹəˈfɪz.ɪks/ n
astrofizik
The branch of astronomy or physics that deals with the physical properties of celestial bodies and with the interaction between matter and radiation in celestial bodies and in the space between them.

asunder /əˈsʌndə/ /əˈsʌndɚ/ adv
cihê cihê
(archaic, literary) Into separate parts or pieces.

asylum /əˈsaɪləm/ n
penageh
A place of safety or refuge.

at /æt/ /ət/ preposition
ji alî
In, near, or in the general vicinity of a particular place.
(indicating time) Indicating occurrence in an instant of time or a period of time relatively short in context or from the speaker’s perspective.
li
In the direction of (often implied to be in a hostile or careless manner).

at ease
rehetî
Free of anxiety; not stressed or tense.

at large
bi gelemperî
In general; as a whole.

at once /ət ˈwʌns/ adv
bi ecele
Immediately; now; right away.

atheism /ˈeɪ.θi.ɪ.zəm/ n
ateîzm
(broadly) A lack of belief in deities, or a belief that there is insufficient evidence to believe in a god.
(narrowly) Belief that no deities exist (sometimes including rejection of other religious beliefs).

atheist /ˈeɪθiɪst/ n
کافر
(broadly) A person who doubts the existence of deities (therefore, an agnostic may be considered an atheist).
(narrowly) A person who is certain that no deities exist or who thinks that the existence of deities can be disproven.

atheistic adj
کافر
of or relating to atheists or atheism

athletic /æθˈlɛt.ɪk/ adj
atletik
Having a muscular, well developed body, being in shape.

atmosphere /ˈæt.məsˌfɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ n
atmosfer
The gases surrounding the Earth or any astronomical body.
The air in a particular place.
A unit of measurement for pressure equal to 101325 Pa (symbol: atm), approximately the atmospheric pressure at sea level.

atmospheric pressure n
pestoya atmosferê
(physics, meteorology) The pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere above an area.

atoll /əˈtɑl/ /əˈtɒl/ /ˈeɪtɑl/ /ˈeɪtɔl/ /ˈætoʊl/ /ˈætɑl/ /ˈætɒl/ /ˈætɔl/ n
girikê mircanan
A type of island consisting of a ribbon reef that nearly or entirely surrounds a lagoon and supports, in most cases, one to many islets on the reef platform.

atom /ˈætəm/ [ˈæɾm̩] [ˈæɾəm] n
atom
(chemistry, physics) The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. [from 16th c.]

atomic nucleus n
dendika atomê
(physics) A nucleus of an atom; consisting of protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud.

atomic number n
hejmara atomî
(physics, chemistry) The number of protons in an atom. Symbol: Z

attachment /əˈtæt͡ʃmənt/ n
dilsozî
A strong bonding with or fondness for someone or something.
qertaf
(computing) A file sent along with a message, usually an email.

attack /əˈtæk/ n
êrîş
An attempt to cause damage, injury to, or death of opponent or enemy.
A time in which one attacks; the offence of a battle.
(medicine) The sudden onset of a disease or condition.

attend /əˈtɛnd/ [əˈtʰɛnd] v
ligelbûn
(transitive) To be present at (an event or place) in order to take part in some action or proceedings; also, to regularly go to (an event or place). [from 17th c.]

attendant /əˈtɛndənt/ n
firoşkar
A servant or valet.

attire /əˈtaɪɚ/ v
cil wergirtin
(transitive) To clothe or adorn.

attorney /əˈtɜː(ɹ)ni/ n
eboqat
(US) A lawyer; one who advises or represents others in legal matters as a profession.

attraction /əˈtɹækʃən/ [əˈtɹækʃ(ɪ̈)n] [əˈt͡ʃɹækʃ(ɪ̈)n] n
çivan
The tendency to attract.
The feeling of being attracted.

attractive /əˈtɹæktɪv/ adj
balkêş
Causing attraction; having the quality of attracting by inherent force.
Having the power of charming or alluring by agreeable qualities; enticing.

auction /ˈɑkʃən/ /ˈɔkʃən/ /ˈɔːkʃən/ n
mezad
A public event where goods or property are sold to the highest bidder.

audience /ˈɑdiəns/ /ˈɔdiəns/ /ˈɔːdiəns/ /ˈɔːdɪəns/ n
جمهور
A group of people within hearing; specifically, a large gathering of people listening to or watching a performance, speech, etc. [from 15th c.]
The readership of a book or other written publication. [from 19th c.]

audio /ˈɑ.di.oʊ/ /ˈɔ.di.oʊ/ /ˈɔː.di.əʊ/ adj
deng
Focused on audible sound, as opposed to sight.

auditor /ˈɔːdɪtɚ/ n
guhdar
One who audits bookkeeping accounts.

augment /ɑɡˈmɛnt/ /ɔɡˈmɛnt/ /ɔːɡˈmɛnt/ /ˈɑɡmənt/ /ˈɔɡmənt/ /ˈɔːɡmənt/ v
گه‌وره‌بوون
(transitive) To increase; to make larger or supplement.
(intransitive, reflexive) To grow; to increase; to become greater.

augury /ˈɔː.ɡjʊ.ɹi/ n
kehanet
A divination based on the appearance and behaviour of animals.
dawer
(by extension) An omen or prediction; a foreboding; a prophecy.

aunt /ant/ /eɪnt/ /ænt/ /ɑːnt/ /ɔnt/ /ʌnt/ [ant] [aːnt] [eənt] [änt] [äːnt] [ænt] [ɐːnt] [ɑːnt] [ɒːnt] [ɛənt] n
amojin
The sister or sister-in-law of one’s parent.
pûr
(affectionate) A woman of an older generation than oneself, especially a friend of one's parents, by means of fictive kin.

austral /ˈɒstɹəl/ /ˈɔːstɹəl/ adj
başûr
Of, relating to, or coming from the south.

auteur /oʊˈtɝ/ /ɔːˈtɜː/ /əʊˈtɜː/ n
nivîskar
A creative artist, especially a film director, seen as having a specific, recognisable artistic vision, and who is seen as the single or preeminent ‘author’ of their works.

authentic /ɑ.ˈθɛn.tɪk/ /ɒ.ˈθɛn.tɪk/ /ɔ.ˈθɛn.tɪk/ adj
resen
Of the same origin as claimed; genuine.
Conforming to reality and therefore worthy of trust, reliance, or belief.

author /ˈɑ.θɚ/ /ˈɒː.təɹ/ /ˈɔ.θɚ/ /ˈɔː.θə/ n
nivîskar
The originator or creator of a work, especially of a literary composition; or, one of the creators of a collaborative work.

author /ˈɑ.θɚ/ /ˈɒː.təɹ/ /ˈɔ.θɚ/ /ˈɔː.θə/ v
afirandin
(chiefly, US, sometimes, proscribed) To create a work as its author.

authority /ɒːˈtɒɹɪti/ /ɔːˈθɒɹəti/ /ɔːˈθɒɹɪti/ /əˈθɑɹəti/ /əˈθɔɹəti/ n
pispor
(countable) A reliable, definitive source of information on a subject.

authorize /ˈɑθəɹaɪz/ /ˈɒθəɹaɪz/ /ˈɔːθəɹaɪz/ /ˈɔθəɹaɪz/ v
destûr dan
(transitive) To grant (someone) the permission or power necessary to do (something); to permit; to sanction or consent to.

autism /ˈɑtɪzəm/ /ˈɔːtɪzəm/ n
otîzm
(clinical psychology) A pervasive neurological condition that is observable in early childhood and persists throughout the lifespan, characterised by atypical communication, language development, eye contact, and sensory experiences.
(clinical psychology, obsolete) A diagnosis involving a pathological tendency to engage in self-centered fantasy thinking, historically considered a symptom of insanity and/or schizophrenia.

automated teller machine /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd ˈtɛlə(ɹ) məˈʃiːn/ n
bankematîk
(banking) A device that provides bank customers with cash withdrawal and other services without the need for a human teller.

automobile /ˈɑː.tə.məˈbil/ /ˈɑː.tə.məˌbil/ /ˈɑː.təˈmoʊ.bil/ /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/ /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbiːl/ /ˌɔː.tə.məˈbil/ /ˌɔː.təˈmoʊ.bil/ n
ئوتوموبیل
(US, Canada, Philippines, AU, NZ) A type of motor vehicle designed to move on the ground under its own stored power and intended to carry a driver, a small number of additional passengers, and a very limited amount of other load. A car or motorcar.

autopsy /ˈɑtɑpsi/ /ˈɔtɑpsi/ /ˈɔːtɒpsiː/ n
otopsî
A dissection performed on a cadaver to find possible cause(s) of death.

autumn /ˈɑtəm/ /ˈɔtəm/ /ˈɔːtəm/ [ˈɑɾm̩] [ˈɑɾɪ̈m] [ˈɔɾm̩] [ˈɔɾɪ̈m] n
پاییز‎
Traditionally the third of the four seasons, when deciduous trees lose their leaves; typically regarded as being from September 24 to December 22 in parts of the Northern Hemisphere, and the months of March, April and May in the Southern Hemisphere.
(fashion) A person with relatively dark hair and a warm skin tone, seen as best suited to certain colours in clothing.

autumnal /ɔˈtʌmnəɫ/ /ɔːˈtʌmnəl/ adj
payîz
Of or relating to autumn.

avalanche /ˈævəlæn(t)ʃ/ /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/ n
aşît
A large mass or body of snow and ice sliding swiftly down a mountain side, or falling down a precipice.

aver /əˈvɜː/ /əˈvɝ/ v
anîn pêş
(ambitransitive) To assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner.

average /ˈæv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ adj
alelade
Typical.

avocado /ævəˈkɑdoʊ/ /ævəˈkɑːdəʊ/ /ɑvəˈkɑdoʊ/ [ævəˈkɑɾoʊ] [ɑvəˈkɑɾoʊ] adj
parêzer
Of a dull yellowish-green colour.

avocado /ævəˈkɑdoʊ/ /ævəˈkɑːdəʊ/ /ɑvəˈkɑdoʊ/ [ævəˈkɑɾoʊ] [ɑvəˈkɑɾoʊ] n
avokado
The large, usually yellowish-green or black, savory fruit of the avocado tree.
parêzer
(mostly, uncountable) A dark chartreuse colour, like the colour of the skin of an avocado.

avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v
xwe vedan
(transitive) To try not to meet or communicate with (a person); to shun
To try not to do something or to have something happen
baz dan
to keep away from; to keep clear of; to stay away from

await /əˈweɪt/ v
sekinîn
(transitive) To be in store for; to be ready or in waiting for.
(transitive, intransitive) To serve or attend; to wait on, wait upon.

awake /əˈweɪk/ /əˈweːk/ [əˈweːk] [əˈwɛːk] adj
bîdar
Not asleep; conscious.

awake /əˈweɪk/ /əˈweːk/ [əˈweːk] [əˈwɛːk] v
ji xew rabûn
(intransitive) To become conscious after having slept.
(transitive) To cause (somebody) to stop sleeping.
(transitive) To excite or to stir up something latent.

awaken /əˈweɪkən/ v
ji xew rabûn
(transitive) To cause to become awake.
(intransitive) To stop sleeping; awake.
(transitive, figurative) To bring into action (something previously dormant); to stimulate.
(transitive, figurative) To cause to become aware.

awakening /əˈweɪ̯kənɪŋ/ n
ji xew rabûn
The act of becoming aware of something.

award /əˈwɔɹd/ /əˈwɔːd/ n
medalya
A trophy or medal; something that denotes an accomplishment, especially in a competition. A prize or honor based on merit.

aware /əˈweːɹ/ /əˈwɛə/ /əˈwɛɚ/ adj
bîdar
Vigilant or on one's guard against danger or difficulty.
zanîn
Conscious or having knowledge of something.

awkward /ˈoːkwəd/ /ˈɑkwɚd/ /ˈɔkwɚd/ /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj
bêkêr
Lacking dexterity in the use of the hands, or of instruments.

awl /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ n
em
A pointed instrument for piercing small holes, as in leather or wood; used by shoemakers, saddlers, cabinetmakers, etc. The blade is differently shaped and pointed for different uses, as in the brad awl, saddler's awl, shoemaker's awl, etc.

awry /əˈɹaɪ/ /əˈɹɑɪ/ /ˈɔ.ɹi/ adj
xirabî
(figurative) Wrong or distorted; perverse, amiss, off course

axe /æks/ n
bivir
A tool for felling trees or chopping wood etc. consisting of a heavy head flattened to a blade on one side, and a handle attached to it.
An ancient weapon consisting of a head that has one or two blades and a long handle.

axiom /ˈak.sɪ.əm/ /ˈæk.si.əm/ /ˈæk.ʃəm/ n
aksiyom
(philosophy) A seemingly self-evident or necessary truth which is based on assumption; a principle or proposition which cannot actually be proved or disproved.

axis /ˈæksəs/ /ˈæksɪs/ n
dingil
(geometry) An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry).
(mathematics) A fixed one-dimensional figure, such as a line or arc, with an origin and orientation and such that its points are in one-to-one correspondence with a set of numbers; an axis forms part of the basis of a space or is used to position and locate data in a graph (a coordinate axis)

axle /ˈæksəl/ n
dingil
The pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel.
A transverse bar or shaft connecting the opposite wheels of a car or carriage; an axletree.
(geometry, astronomy, archaic) An axis.

axon /ˈæksɒn/ n
tewere
(cytology) A nerve fibre which is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, and which conducts nerve impulses away from the body of the cell to a synapse.

ayatollah n
ayetula
(Islam) A religious leader in Twelver Shi'ism.

aye /aɪ/ interjection
belê
yes; yea; a word expressing assent, or an affirmative answer to a question.

aye /aɪ/ n
belê
An affirmative vote; one who votes in the affirmative.

aye aye, sir phraseologicalUnit
baş
(idiomatic, nautical) The correct and seamanlike reply, onboard a Royal Navy (or US Navy) ship, on receipt of an order from someone of senior rank or authority. It means "I understand the command and hasten to comply with the order."

az n
ez
Name of the letter a in Cyrillic and Glagolitic alphabets.

azalea /əˈzeɪliə/ n
açelya
A plant of the obsolete genus Azalea.

baba /ˈbæbə/ /ˈbɑːbɑː/ /ˈbɑːbə/ n
bav
(Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism) A holy man, a spiritual leader.

baby /ˈbeɪbi/ n
sava
A very young human, particularly from birth to a couple of years old or until walking is fully mastered.
A very young human, even if not yet born.
kurr
Any very young animal, especially a vertebrate; many species have specific names for their babies, such as kittens for the babies of cats, puppies for the babies of dogs, and chicks for the babies of birds. See Category:Baby animals for more.
zarrok
A person who is immature, infantile or feeble.
kelem
A person's romantic partner; a term of endearment used to refer to or address one's girlfriend, boyfriend or spouse.
bedew
(informal) A form of address to a person considered to be attractive.
zarok
A pet project or responsibility.

baby talk n
bebektî
(linguistics) The form of speech used by adults in talking to very young children.

baby's breath n
ewr
A genus, Gypsophila, of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe, Asia and north Africa.

babysitter /ˈbeɪbiˌsɪtɚ/ n
dadik
A person who cares for one or more babies or children for a short period of time in place of their legal guardians.

bachelorhood n
bêkarî
The condition of being a bachelor.

back /bæk/ [-k̚] [-ˀk] [bak] [bax] [bæk] n
pişt
The rear of the body, especially the part between the neck and the end of the spine and opposite the chest and belly.

back cover n
pişt
The cover on the opposite side of the front cover of a book, magazine, etc; back of the book; associated with sports pages in publications.

back of house n
metbex

back-to-back /ˌbæk.təˈbæk/ adj
li pey hev
Sequential or consecutive.

backbend n
pir
(gymnastics, dance) A move in which the performer bends backwards until the hands touch the floor or catches him/herself with the hands.

backbone /ˈbækˌboʊn/ /ˈbækˌbəʊn/ n
birrbirre
The series of vertebrae, separated by disks, that encloses and protects the spinal cord, and runs down the middle of the back in vertebrate animals.
(figuratively) Any fundamental support, structure, or infrastructure.
mêranî
(figuratively) Courage, fortitude, or strength.

background /ˈbæk.ɡɹaʊnd/ /ˈbækɹaʊnd/ n
ceribandin
One's social heritage, or previous life; what one did in the past.
paşbingeh
A part of the picture that depicts scenery to the rear or behind the main subject; context.
(computing) A type of activity on a computer that is not normally visible to the user.

backlash /ˈbækˌlæʃ/ n
lîstik
(mechanics) The looseness through which one part of connected machinery, such as a wheel, gear, piston, or screw, can be moved without moving the connected parts, or a measurement of the distance moved thereby; either intentional (as allowance) or unintentional (from error or wear).Wagon wheel structure showing felk

backside /ˈbækˌsaɪd/ n
qûn
(euphemism) A person's buttocks.

backslide v
vegerîn
(transitive) To shirk responsibility; to renege on one's obligations or commitments.

backstabber /ˈbækˌstæbɚ/ n
mar
A traitor or hypocrite, such as a co-worker or friend assumed trustworthy but who figuratively attacks when one's back is turned.

backstroke /ˈbækˌstɹoʊk/ n
pişt
(swimming) A stroke swum lying on one's back, while rotating both arms through the water as to propel the swimmer backwards.

backward /ˈbæk.wə(ɹ)d/ /ˈbækwɚd/ adj
qûn
Acting or moving in the direction opposite to the usual direction of movement.

bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ n
bakterî
(microbiology) A single-celled organism with cell walls but no nucleus or organelles.

bad /baːd/ /bæd/ /bæːd/ /bɛd/ /bɛəd/ adj
bed nebaş
Unfavorable; negative; not good.

bad apple n
سه‌ره‌تان
(idiomatic, often, in the plural) A person who is not wholesome, honest, or trustworthy, especially one who has an adverse influence on others.

badass /bædˈæs/ /ˈbædæs/ /ˈbædˌæs/ n
ser
(US, sometimes considered vulgar, slang, positive connotation) A person considered impressive due to courage, skill, daring, audacity, and/or toughness.

badge /bæd͡ʒ/ n
nexş
A distinctive mark, token, sign, emblem or cognizance, worn on one’s clothing, as an insignia of some rank, or of the membership of an organization.
Something characteristic; a mark; a token.
(heraldry) A distinctive mark worn by servants, retainers, and followers of royalty or nobility, who, being beneath the rank of gentlemen, have no right to armorial bearings.

badger /ˈbæd͡ʒə/ /ˈbæd͡ʒɚ/ n
kurbeşk
Any mammal of three subfamilies, which belong to the family Mustelidae: Melinae (Eurasian badgers), Mellivorinae (ratel or honey badger), and Taxideinae (American badger).

badly /ˈbæd.li/ adj
bed
(Northern England) Ill, unwell.

badly /ˈbæd.li/ adv
ecele
In a bad manner.

badness /ˈbæd.nəs/ n
neçêyî
The quality or degree of being bad.

bag /ˈbeɪɡ/ /ˈbæɡ/ /ˈbæːɡ/ /ˈbɛɡ/ n
bizinmişk
(derogatory) An ugly woman.
girfan
(countable, uncountable) In certain phrases: money.

baguette /bæˈɡɛt/ n
kevirê buhadar ê traşkirî
A variety of bread that is long and narrow in shape.

bail /beɪ(ə)l/ n
kefalet
(uncountable) Security, usually a sum of money, exchanged for the release of an arrested person as a guarantee of that person's appearance for trial.

bairn /bern/ /bɛrn/ /ˈbaːn/ /ˈbɛən/ /ˈbɛəɹn/ /ˈbɛəʁn/ /ˈbɛɚn/ /ˈbɛːn/ n
zarok
(Scotland, and parts of, _, Northern England) A child or baby.

baize /beɪz/ n
çoxik
A thick, soft, usually woolen cloth resembling felt; often colored green and used for coverings on card tables, billiard and snooker tables, etc.

bake /beɪk/ v
patin
(transitive, or, intransitive, or, ditransitive, with person as subject) To cook (something) in an oven (for someone).
(intransitive, with baked thing as subject) To be cooked in an oven.
hişk kirin
(transitive) To dry by heat.

baker /ˈbeɪ.kə(ɹ)/ /ˈbeɪ.kɚ/ n
nanpêj
A person who bakes and sells bread, cakes and similar items.

bakery /ˈbeɪ.kə.ɹi/ /ˈbeɪk.ɹi/ n
firrne
A place in which bread (and often other baked goods such as cakes) is baked and/or sold.

baksheesh /bækˈʃiːʃ/ n
bexşîş
In the Middle East or southwest Asia: a bribe or tip.

balalaika /bæləˈlaɪkə/ n
balalaîka
A plucked stringed instrument with a triangular body, short neck and three strings, of Russian origin.

balance /ˈbæləns/ n
balans
(uncountable) Apparent harmony in art (between differing colours, sounds, etc.).
(accounting) A list accounting for the debits on one side, and for the credits on the other.
(accounting) The result of such a procedure; the difference between credit and debit of an account.

balance sheet n
balans
(accounting) A summary of a person's or organization's assets, liabilities and equity as of a specific date.

bald /bɑld/ /bɔld/ /bɔːld/ /bəʊld/ [bɒʊld] [bɔːɫd] adj
keçell
Having no hair, fur or feathers.

baldness n
gurîtî
The condition or state of being (or becoming) bald.

bale /beɪ̯l/ [beə̯ɫ] [ˈbeɪ̯(ə)ɫ] n
gulle
A measurement of paper equal to 10 reams.

balisong n
pelatînk
A folding pocket knife with two handles counter-rotating around the tang such that, when closed, the blade is concealed within grooves in the handles.

ball /bɑl/ /bɔl/ /bɔːl/ n
gog
(printing, historical) A leather-covered cushion, fastened to a handle called a ballstock; formerly used by printers for inking the form, then superseded by the roller.

ballad /ˈbæləd/ /ˈbælɪt/ n
melodî
A kind of narrative poem, adapted for recitation or singing; especially, a sentimental or romantic poem in short stanzas.

ballast /ˈbæl.əst/ n
zerav
(nautical) Heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship (or in the gondola of a balloon), to provide stability.

ballerina /ˌbæləɹˈiːnə/ n
balerîn
(commonly) A female ballet dancer.
(less common, non-standard) A male ballet dancer; Synonym of ballerino

ballet /bælˈeɪ/ /bælˈæɪ/ /bɐleː/ /bɐlɪː/ /bɛlˈæɪ/ /ˈbal.eɪ/ /ˈbal.ɪ/ /ˈbæl(ˌ)eɪ/ n
bale
A classical form of dance.
A theatrical presentation of such dancing, usually with music, sometimes in the form of a story.

ballet dancer n
balerîn
A person who performs ballet.

ballpark adj
nêzîka
Approximate; close; on the right order of magnitude.

balls /bɑlz/ /bɔːlz/ n
hêk
(uncountable, vulgar, colloquial) Masculinity, particularly strength, courage, and force of will; chutzpah; brazenness.
(uncountable, Britain, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Commonwealth, Hawaii) Synonym of bollocks, nonsense.
(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Commonwealth, Hawaii, vulgar) A balls-up; a botched job.

ballsiness n
mêranî
(vulgar, slang) The condition of being ballsy; courage.

balmy /ˈbɑlmi/ /ˈbɑmi/ /ˈbɑː.mi/ /ˈbɔmi/ adj
nerm
Of weather, mild and pleasant.

banana /bəˈnæ.nə/ /bəˈnɑː.nə/ n
moz mûz
An elongated curved tropical fruit of a banana plant, which grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin.

band /bænd/ [beənd] n
grûb
A group of people loosely united for a common purpose (a band of thieves).
(Canada) A group of aboriginals that has official recognition as an organized unit by the federal government of Canada.

bandwagon /ˈbændˌwæɡ.ən/ n
پارتي
(figuratively) A current movement that attracts wide support.

bane /beɪn/ n
dijûn
A cause of misery or death.

bane /beɪn/ v
ruxandin
(transitive) To be the bane of.

banjax /bænˈd͡ʒæks/ /ˈbæn.d͡ʒæks/ v
hilweşandin
(UK, originally, Irish, slang) To ruin or destroy.

bank /bæŋk/ [beɪŋk] n
rîz
A row or panel of items stored or grouped together.
bank
(countable) A branch office of such an institution.
(countable) An underwriter or controller of a card game.
(gambling, countable) The sum of money etc. which the dealer or banker has as a fund from which to draw stakes and pay losses.
(countable, mostly, in combination) A safe and guaranteed place of storage for and retrieval of important items or goods.

banknote /ˈbæŋknəʊt/ n
banknot
A piece of currency made of paper or polymer. [from 18th c.]

banner /ˈbænə/ /ˈbænɚ/ /ˈbæːnə/ adj
ala

banner /ˈbænə/ /ˈbænɚ/ /ˈbæːnə/ n
ئاڵا
A flag or standard used by a military commander, monarch or nation.
(by extension) The military unit under such a flag or standard.
(by extension, figurative) A cause or purpose; a campaign or movement.
ala
(heraldry) The principal standard of a knight.

banquet /ˈ bænkwɪt/ /ˈ bæŋkwɪt/ /ˈ bæŋkɪt/ n
banket
A large celebratory meal; a feast.

banter /ˈbæntə/ /ˈbæntɚ/ v
pê ve hatin kirin
(transitive) To tease (someone) mildly.

baptize /ˈbæptaɪz/ [bap.ˈtajz] [ˈbæp.tajz] v
birrîn
(archaic, slang) Of rum, brandy, or any other spirits, to dilute with water.

barber /ˈbɑɹ.bɚ/ /ˈbɑː.bə/ n
porrtiraş
A person whose profession is cutting (usually male) customers' hair and beards.

bare /bɛ(ə)ɹ/ /bɛə(ɹ)/ /bɛː(ɹ)/ adj
tazî
Naked, uncovered.

bare-bones adj
hêsan
Minimalist; lacking that which is not essential.

barefoot /ˈbæɹfʊt/ /ˈbɑːɹfʊt/ /ˈbɛəfʊt/ /ˈbɛɹfʊt/ adj
pêxas
Wearing nothing on the feet.

barium /ˈbɛəɹɪəm/ n
baryûm
The chemical element (symbol Ba) with an atomic number of 56. It is a soft, reactive, silvery alkaline earth metal.

bark /bɑɹk/ /bɑːk/ n
reyîn
The short, loud, explosive sound uttered by a dog, a fox, and some other animals.

bark /bɑɹk/ /bɑːk/ v
هه‌پا
(intransitive) To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs (said of animals, especially dogs).
(intransitive) To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries.
qeşartin
To strip the bark from; to peel.
To abrade or rub off any outer covering from.

barky adj
biqalik
(of a tree) Having bark.

barley /ˈbɑɹli/ /ˈbɑːli/ n
cev
A cereal of the species Hordeum vulgare, or its grains, often used as food or to make beer and other malted drinks.

barn [baɾn] [baːn] [bɐːn] [bɑɹn] [bɑɻn] [bɑːn] [bɒən] n
axur
(agriculture) A building, often found on a farm, used for storage or keeping animals such as cattle.
zarok
(nuclear physics) A unit of surface area equal to 10−28 square metres.

barn swallow n
hacîreşk
Hirundo rustica, the most widespread species of swallow in the world; a distinctive passerine bird with blue upperparts, a long, deeply forked tail and curved, pointed wings, is found in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.

barometer /bəˈɹɑ.mə.tɚ/ /bəˈɹɒm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /bəˈɹɔm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/ [bəˈɹɑ.mə.ɾɚ] [bəˈɹɔm.ɪ.ɾə(ɹ)] n
barometre
An instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure.

baron /ˈbæɹən/ /ˈbɛəɹən/ n
beran
A baron of beef, a cut made up of a double sirloin.

barrel /ˈbæɹ(ə)l/ /ˈbæɹəl/ /ˈbæɹəɫ/ /ˈbɛɚəl/ /ˈbɛɹəl/ [ˈbæɹəɫ] [ˈbɛɚəɫ] n
bermîl
(countable) A round (cylindrical) vessel, such as a cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends (heads). Sometimes applied to a similar cylindrical container made of metal, usually called a drum.

barrel roll n
den
(aviation) An aerobatic flying maneuver in which the pilot causes the airplane to complete one loop in the same time that the airplane completes one roll, creating the appearance that the airplane is riding on the inside of a cylinder.
A movement (usually during a car crash) where a car flips on its roof, then falls back on its wheels after doing at least one full 360° horizontal rotation.

barring /ˈbɑːɹɪŋ(ɡ)/ preposition
ji bilî
Unless something happens; excepting; in the absence of.

barrister /ˈbæɹ.ɪst.ə(ɹ)/ n
eboqat
(chiefly, UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand) A lawyer with the right to speak and argue as an advocate in higher lawcourts.

barse /bɑɹs/ /bɑːs/ n
gur
The perch; any of various marine and freshwater fish resembling the perch.

base /beɪs/ /beːs/ adj
kin
(obsolete) Low in height; short.
Low in place or position.
(obsolete) Of low value or degree.
bed
(now, rare) Inferior; unworthy, of poor quality.

base /beɪs/ /beːs/ n
bingeh
Something from which other things extend; a foundation.
(architecture) The lowermost part of a column, between the shaft and the pedestal or pavement.
(geometry) The lowest side of a triangle or other polygon, or the lowest face of a cone, pyramid or other polyhedron laid flat.
تینو
The place where decisions for an organization are made; headquarters.
qurm
(heraldry) The lowest third of a shield (or field), or an ordinary occupying this space, the champagne. (Compare terrace..)

basement /ˈbeɪsmənt/ n
bodrûm
A floor of a building below ground level.

bashful [ˈbæʃfəɫ] [ˈbæʃfʊɫ] adj
şermok
Shy; not liking to be noticed; socially timid.

basil /ˈbeɪ.zəl/ /ˈbæz.əl/ n
rihan
A plant (Ocimum basilicum).
The leaves of this plant used as a herb.

basilisk /ˈbæs.ɪ.lɪsk/ /ˈbæz.ɪ.lɪsk/ n
rihan
(heraldiccharge) A type of dragon used in heraldry.
Any of the tree-dwelling of lizard of the genus Basiliscus: the basilisk lizard.
A type of large brass cannon.

basis /ˈbeɪ.sɪs/ /ˈbæɪ.sɪs/ n
bingeh
(linear algebra) In a vector space, a linearly independent set of vectors spanning the whole vector space.
pêjimar
(accounting) Amount paid for an investment, including commissions and other expenses.

basket /ˈbaskɛt/ /ˈbaskɪt/ /ˈbaːskət/ /ˈbæskət/ /ˈbæskɪt/ /ˈbɑːskɪt/ n
zembîl
A lightweight container, generally round, open at the top, and tapering toward the bottom.

basketball /ˈbæs.kɪt.bɑl/ /ˈbæs.kɪt.bɔl/ /ˈbɑːs.kɪt.bɔːl/ n
basketbol
(countable) The particular kind of ball used in the sport of basketball.

bass /beɪs/ adj
bas
Of sound, a voice or an instrument, low in pitch or frequency.

bass /beɪs/ n
bas-gîtar
A low spectrum of sound tones.
One who sings in the bass range.
(musical instrument) An instrument that plays in the bass range, in particular a double bass, bass guitar, electric bass or bass synthesiser.

bassoon /bəˈsun/ /bəˈsuːn/ n
fagot
A musical instrument in the woodwind family, having a double reed and playing in the tenor and bass ranges.

bastard /ˈbæs.tɚd/ /ˈbɑːs.təd/ adj
bîje
Of or like a bastard (illegitimate human descendant).

bastard /ˈbæs.tɚd/ /ˈbɑːs.təd/ interjection
dêqehp

bastard /ˈbæs.tɚd/ /ˈbɑːs.təd/ n
bîje
(dated) A person who was born out of wedlock, and hence often considered an illegitimate descendant.
(informal) A child who does not know their father.
dureg
A mongrel (biological cross between different breeds, groups or varieties).
kurê kahpê
(vulgar,, _, , _, offensive, or, pejorative) A contemptible, inconsiderate, overly or arrogantly rude or spiteful person.

bastille /bæˈstil/ /bæˈstiːl/ /bɑː-/ /ˈbæstɪl/ /ˈbɑː-/ [bæˈstɪəɫ] n
هێز
Chiefly in French contexts: a bastion or tower of a castle; also, a fortified tower or other building; or a small citadel or fortress.

bat /bæt/ n
şevrevînk bacemok
Any of the flying mammals of the order Chiroptera, usually small and nocturnal, insectivorous or frugivorous.
A club made of wood or aluminium used for striking the ball in sports such as baseball, softball and cricket.

bat /bæt/ v
şevrevînk bacemok
(intransitive) To take a turn at hitting a ball with a bat in sports like cricket, baseball and softball, as opposed to fielding.

batch /bæt͡ʃ/ n
lîstik
A group or collection of things of the same kind, such as a batch of letters or the next batch of business.

bath /bæθ/ /bɐːθ/ /bɑːθ/ [baθ~bäθ] [bæθ~bɛəθ~beəθ] [bɑːt̪] [bɑːt̪ʰ] [bɑːθ] n
بانیۆ
A tub or pool which is used for bathing: bathtub.
banyo
A building or area where bathing occurs.
The act of bathing.

bath /bæθ/ /bɐːθ/ /bɑːθ/ [baθ~bäθ] [bæθ~bɛəθ~beəθ] [bɑːt̪] [bɑːt̪ʰ] [bɑːθ] v
şûştin
(transitive, Commonwealth) To wash a person or animal in a bath.

bathe /beɪð/ v
xwe şûştin
(intransitive) To clean oneself by immersion in water or using water; to take a bath, have a bath.

bathhouse n
banyo
A building with baths for communal use.

bathroom /ˈbæθɹuːm/ /ˈbæθɹʊm/ /ˈbæθˌɹum/ /ˈbɑːθɹuːm/ /ˈbɑːθɹʊm/ n
serşok
(chiefly, US, South Africa, Canada, Philippines, Australia, euphemism) A lavatory (area where one washes or bathes): a room containing a toilet and (typically but not necessarily) a bathtub.

bathroom scales n
terazî
Flat floor-mounted scales (usually stored in the bathroom) used to measure one's own weight.

bathtub /ˈbæθtʊb/ /ˈbæθtʌb/ /ˈbɑːθtʌb/ n
بانی
A large container for holding water in which a person may bathe (take a bath).

batman /ˈbæt.mən/ n
alîkar
(military) A servant or valet to a military officer.

battalion /bəˈtæliən/ n
gurdan
(military) An army unit having two or more companies, etc. and a headquarters. Traditionally forming part of a regiment.
(US, military) an army unit having two or more companies, etc. and a headquarters; forming part of a brigade.

battery /ˈbæt.ə.ɹi/ /ˈbæt.ɹi/ n
baterî
(countable, electronics) A device used to power electric devices, consisting of a set of electrically connected electrochemical or, archaically, electrostatic cells. A single such cell when used by itself.

battle /ˈbætl̩/ /ˈbætəl/ [bætɫ̩] [ˈbatʰɫ̩] [ˈbæɾɫ̩] n
şer
(military) A general action, fight, or encounter, in which all the divisions of an army are or may be engaged; a combat, an engagement.

battle /ˈbætl̩/ /ˈbætəl/ [bætɫ̩] [ˈbatʰɫ̩] [ˈbæɾɫ̩] v
lebikîn
(intransitive) To join in battle; to contend in fight

battlefield n
meydana şerrî
The area where a land battle is or was fought, which is not necessarily a field.

battleship n
keştîceng
(science fiction, by extension) A starship of comparable role
(military, nautical, archaic) A ship of the line.

bawl /bɑl/ /bɔl/ [bɔːɫ] v
girîn
(intransitive) To wail; to give out a blaring cry.

bay /beɪ/ n
kendav
(geography) A body of water (especially the sea) more-or-less three-quarters surrounded by land.

bay /beɪ/ v
ewtîn
(transitive) To bark at; hence, to follow with barking; to bring or drive to bay.

bay leaf n
gulbend
A herb derived from any of certain shrubs of the family Lauraceae and Myrtaceae.

bay window n
pencerka derhatî
(architecture) A window space projecting outward from the main walls of a building and forming a bay in a room.

bayard n
رێوی
A bay horse

bayou /ˈbaɪ.(j)uː/ /ˈbaɪ.oʊ/ n
avevek
A slow-moving, often stagnant creek or river.

bazaar /bəˈzɐː/ /bəˈzɑɹ/ /bəˈzɑː(ɹ)/ n
bajêr
A fair or temporary market, often for charity.

be /bi/ /biː/ v
bûn
(formal) Used with to-infinitives of verbs to express intent, obligation, appropriateness, or relative future occurrence.
(auxiliary) Used with past participles of verbs to form the passive voice.
(rare, and, regional, chiefly, in the past tense) Used to link two noun clauses, the first of which is a day of the week, recurring date, month, or other specific time (on which the event of the main clause took place), and the second of which is a period of time indicating how long ago that day was. [from 15th c.]
Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase.
Used to link a subject to a measurement.
To occupy a place.
To occur, to take place.
(now, usually, literary) To exist; to have real existence, to be alive.
As an intransitive lexical verb:
(in perfect tenses) Elliptical form of "be here", "go to and return from" or similar, also extending to certain other senses of "go".

be able to v
karîn
Can, to have the ability to.

be about v
bûn

be born v
له‌دایکبوون
To come into existence through birth.

be called v
gotin
To have a specific name.

be mother v
çay
(idiomatic, British) To pour out tea for others.

be right v
heq
To be correct in one's judgment or statement about something. (This entry is a translation hub.)

beach /bit͡ʃ/ /biːt͡ʃ/ n
plaj
A horizontal strip of land, usually sandy, adjoining water.

bead /biːd/ n
tizbî
Each in a string of small balls making up the rosary or paternoster. [from 14thc.]
morî
A small drop of water or other liquid. [from 16thc.]
A small, round object.
Various small, round solid objects.

beak /biːk/ n
nikil
A rigid structure projecting from the front of a bird's face, used for pecking, grooming, foraging, carrying items, eating food, etc.
A similar pointed structure forming the nose and mouth of various animals, such as turtles, platypuses, whales, etc.

beam /biːm/ n
tîroj
(physics) A ray or collection of approximately parallel rays emitted from the sun or other luminous body.
(figuratively) A ray; a gleam.

bean /biːn/ n
fasûlye
Any plant of several genera of the taxonomic family Fabaceae that produces large edible seeds or edible seedpods.

beanie /ˈbiː.ni/ n
qutik
A cap that fits the head closely, usually knitted from wool.

bear /beə/ /beː/ /bɑɹ/ /bɛə(ɹ)/ /bɛɚ/ /bɛː(r)/ /bɛː(ɹ)/ /ˈbiːə(r)/ [beə~bɪə] [beː~bɛː] n
hirç
A large, generally omnivorous mammal (a few species are purely carnivorous or herbivorous), related to the dog and raccoon, having shaggy hair, a very small tail, and flat feet; a member of the family Ursidae.
(gay slang) A large, hairy man, especially one who is homosexual. [c. 1970]

beard /biɚd/ /bɜː(ɹ)d/ /bɪəd/ /bɪɹd/ n
rî rih
Facial hair on the chin, cheeks, jaw and neck.

bearded clam n
hêrûg
(vulgar, slang) Vulva

bearded seal /ˈbiɚdəd siːl/ /ˈbɪədəd siːl/ /ˈbɪədɪd siːl/ /ˈbɪɹdəd siːl/ n
foka birî
Erignathus barbatus, an earless seal with conspicuous whiskers, found in and around the Arctic Ocean.

bearer /ˈbɛəɹə/ /ˈbɛɹɚ/ n
باربه‌ر
One who, or that which, bears, sustains, or carries.
One who possesses a cheque, bond, or other notes promising payment.

bearing /ˈbɛə̯ɹɪŋ/ /ˈbɛɹɪŋ/ adj
باربه‌ر
Of a beam, column, or other device, carrying weight or load.

beast /biːst/ n
ajal
(chiefly in Commonwealth English, more specifically) A domestic animal, especially a bovine farm animal.
(often, _, collective) All non-human animals seen as a group.
A person who behaves in a violent, antisocial or uncivilized manner.

beat /biːt/ n
rîtm
A rhythm.

beat /biːt/ v
gemişandin
(transitive) To win against; to defeat or overcome; to do or be better than (someone); to excel in a particular, competitive event.

beautiful /ˈbju.tɪ.fəl/ /ˈbjuːtɪ.fəl/ /ˈbjuːtɪ.fʊl/ [bju.ɾə.fəl] adj
ئێسک سووک
Attractive and possessing beauty.
bedew
(of the weather) Pleasant; clear.

beauty /ˈbjuti/ /ˈbjuːti/ /ˈbuːti/ [-ɾi] [ˈb(j)ɪu̯ɾ̥ɪ] [ˈbju̟ti] [ˈbju̟ːɾi] n
delalî
(uncountable) The quality of being (especially visually) attractive, pleasing, fine or good-looking; comeliness.
Someone who is beautiful.
(in the plural) Those aspects or elements that make someone or something beautiful.

beauty spot /ˈbjuti ˌspɑt/ /ˈbjuːtɪ ˌspɒt/ [-ɾi-] n
ez
A natural mark on a person's skin, especially a freckle or mole on a woman's face.

because /biˈkɔz/ /biˈkʌz/ /bəˈkɔz/ /bəˈkʌz/ /bɪkəz/ /bɪˈkeɪz/ /bɪˈkɒz/ /bɪˈkɔz/ /bɪˈkɔːz/ /bɪˈkʌz/ adv
çimkî
On account (of), for sake (of).

because /biˈkɔz/ /biˈkʌz/ /bəˈkɔz/ /bəˈkʌz/ /bɪkəz/ /bɪˈkeɪz/ /bɪˈkɒz/ /bɪˈkɔz/ /bɪˈkɔːz/ /bɪˈkʌz/ conjunction
çimkî
By or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that.

because /biˈkɔz/ /biˈkʌz/ /bəˈkɔz/ /bəˈkʌz/ /bɪkəz/ /bɪˈkeɪz/ /bɪˈkɒz/ /bɪˈkɔz/ /bɪˈkɔːz/ /bɪˈkʌz/ interjection
çimkî
Used alone to refuse to provide a full answer a question begun with "why", usually taken as an anapodoton of the elided full phrase "Because I said so".

become /biˈkʌm/ /bəˈkʊm/ /bəˈkʌm/ /bɪˈkʊm/ /bɪˈkʌm/ v
lê şikîn
bûn
(transitive) To be proper for; to beseem. [from 13th c.]

bed /bed/ /bɛd/ [beː] n
qerewêle sîsem
A piece of furniture, usually flat and soft, on which to rest or sleep.
A prepared spot in which to spend the night.
A shaped piece of timber to hold a cask clear of a ship’s floor; a pallet.
A garden plot.

bedouin /ˈbɛd.wɪn/ n
bedewî
A member of nomadic Arab tribes dwelling in the desert.

bedpan /ˈbɛd.ˌpæn/ n
ordek
A pan used for urination and defecation while in bed, now usually for reasons of medical necessity or convenience.

bedroom /ˈbɛdɹʊm/ /ˈbɛdˌɹum/ n
oda xewê
A room in a house, apartment, hotel or other dwelling where a bed is kept for sleeping.

bedsheet /ˈbɛdʃiːt/ n
çarşev
A sheet, a piece of cloth cut and finished as bedlinen.

bedspread /ˈbɛd.spɹɛd/ n
lihêf
The topmost covering of a bed, often functioning as a blanket.

bedtime story /ˈbɛdtaɪm ˈstɔːɹi/ n
mêjû
A fairy tale or other story read to somebody, usually a child, before they sleep.

bee /ˈbiː/ n
hing
A flying insect, of the clade Anthophila within the hymenopteran superfamily Apoidea, known for its organised societies (though only a minority have them), for collecting pollen and (in some species) producing wax and honey.

beef /bif/ /biːf/ n
goşt
(in the meat industry, on, _, product packaging) The edible portions of a cow (including those which are not meat).

beehive /ˈbiːhaɪv/ n
kewar
An enclosed structure in which some species of honey bees (genus Apis) live and raise their young.
(figuratively) Any place full of activity, or in which people are very busy.
A women's hairstyle, popular in the 1960s, in which long hair is styled into a hive-shaped form on top of the head and usually held in place with lacquer.

beep /biːp/ n
totîk
The sound produced by the horn of a car, or any similar sound.
A short, electronically produced tone.

beer /bɛə/ /bɪə/ /bɪɹ/ n
bîra
(uncountable) An alcoholic drink fermented from starch material, commonly barley malt; often with hops or some other substance (like gruit) to impart a bitter flavor.
(countable) A glass, bottle, or can of any of the above beverages.

beer parlour n
bîraxane
(Canada) A bar, selling beer, that has tables where customers may congregate socially.

beeswax /ˈbiːzwæks/ n
şima
A wax secreted by bees from which they make honeycomb; or, the processed form of this wax used in the manufacture of various goods.

beet /biːt/ n
pincar
Beta vulgaris, a plant with a swollen root which is eaten or used to make sugar.

beetle /ˈbiːtəl/ [ˈbiɾəɫ] n
guhar
Any of numerous species of insect in the order Coleoptera characterized by a pair of hard, shell-like front wings which cover and protect a pair of rear wings when at rest.

beetroot /ˈbit.ɹut/ /ˈbiː.tɹʉːt/ /ˈbiːt.ɹuːt/ [ˈbiː.t͡ʃɹʉːt] n
pincar
(UK, NZ, AU) A normally deep-red-coloured root vegetable usually cooked or pickled before eating; Synonym of beet.

before /biˈfɔɹ/ /bəˈfɔɹ/ /bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/ /bɪˈfoə/ /bɪˈfɔɹ/ /bɪˈfɔː/ preposition
berî
Earlier than (in time).
In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items.

beg /beɪɡ/ /bɛɡ/ v
diʼa kirin
(transitive) To plead with someone for help, a favor, etc.; to entreat.

beggar /ˈbɛɡə/ /ˈbɛɡɚ/ v
ruxandin
(transitive) To make a beggar of someone; impoverish.

begin /biˈɡɪn/ /bəˈɡɪn/ /bɪˈɡɪn/ v
dest pê kirin
(ambitransitive) To start, to initiate or take the first step into something.

beginning /bɪˈɡɪn.ɪŋ/ n
ده‌ستپێکردن
(uncountable) The act of doing that which begins anything; commencement of an action, state, or space of time; entrance into being or upon a course; the first act, effort, or state of a succession of acts or states.
destpêk
That which is begun; a rudiment or element.
That which begins or originates something; the source or first cause.
The initial portion of some extended thing.

beguile /bɪˈɡaɪl/ v
ji rê derxistin
(transitive) To deceive or delude (using guile).
(transitive) To charm, delight or captivate.

behave /bi-/ /biːˈheɪv/ /bə-/ /bɪˈheɪv/ v
ajotin
bizav kirin
(intransitive) To act, conduct oneself in a specific manner; used with an adverbial of manner.

behind /bəˈhaɪnd/ /bɪˈhaɪnd/ /ˈbiːˌhaɪnd/ n
qûn
(informal) The buttocks, bottom, butt.

behold /bɪˈhoʊld/ /bɪˈhəʊld/ v
berê xwe dan
To look at or see (someone or something), especially appreciatively; to descry, to look upon.

behove /biˈhoʊv/ /bɪˈhəʊv/ v
ketin
(transitive, formal) To befit, to suit.

being /ˈbiŋ/ /ˈbiɪŋ/ /ˈbiːŋ/ /ˈbiːɪŋ/ n
bûn
A living creature.
The state or fact of existence, consciousness, or life, or something in such a state.

belief /bəˈliːf/ /bɪˈliːf/ n
bawer
Mental acceptance of a claim as true.
(countable) Something believed.
(uncountable) The quality or state of believing.
(uncountable) Religious faith.

believe /bi-/ /bə-/ /bɪˈliv/ /bɪˈliːv/ v
bawer kirin
(transitive) To accept as true, particularly without absolute certainty (i.e., as opposed to knowing).
(transitive) To accept that someone is telling the truth.

bell /bɛl/ n
زه‌نگ
A percussive instrument made of metal or other hard material, typically but not always in the shape of an inverted cup with a flared rim, which resonates when struck.
dizî
The sounding of a bell as a signal.

bell pepper n
îsot
(North America, Philippines) Capsicum annuum, an edible, sweet, generally mild (not spicy) fruit, originating in the New World.

bell-end /ˈbɛlɛnd/ n
belût
(Britain, Ireland, , slang, vulgar) The glans penis.

belligerent /bəˈlɪdʒ.(ə).ɹənt/ /bəˈlɪd͡ʒ.ə.ɹənt/ adj
ceng
Of or pertaining to war.

belly /ˈbɛli/ n
navik
The abdomen, especially a fat one.

belly dancer n
dansoz
One who performs a belly dance.

bellyache /ˈbɛliˌeɪk/ n
hinavêş
Any pain in the belly, stomach, or abdomen.

belong /bɪˈlɑŋ/ /bɪˈlɒŋ/ /bɪˈlɔŋ/ v
bihîstin
(intransitive) To have its proper place.
bîstin
(followed by to) To be a part of a group.
(of a person) To be accepted in a group.
(intransitive, followed by to) To be part of, or the property of.
(intransitive, followed by to) To be the spouse or partner of.

belonging /bɪˈlɑŋɪŋ/ /bɪˈlɒŋɪŋ/ /bɪˈlɔŋɪŋ/ n
baş
(countable, mostly, in the plural) Something physical that is owned.

belt /bɛlt/ n
kemer
A band used as a restraint for safety purposes, such as a seat belt.
(baseball) The part of the strike zone at the height of the batter's waist.

beluga /bəˈluɡə/ /bəˈluːɡə/ n
morîna
A fish, Huso huso, that is a source of caviar, which is found in the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea.

bench /bɛnt͡ʃ/ n
textebend
(government) A long seat for politicians in a parliamentary chamber.
(sports) The place where players (substitutes) and coaches sit when not playing.

bend /bɛnd/ /bɪnd/ v
zivirîn
(transitive) To cause to change direction.

bend over v
tewîn
To bend one's upper body forward and down while standing or kneeling.

beneficial /ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl/ adj
biavantaj
Helpful or good to something or someone.

benefit /ˈbɛn.ə.fɪt/ /ˈbɛn.ɪ.fɪt/ n
سوود
An advantage; help or aid from something.
kar
An event, such as a theatrical performance, given to raise funds for some cause.

bequeath /bɪˈkwiːð/ /bɪˈkwiːθ/ v
dan
To give; to offer; to commit.

bereavement n
xem
The state of being bereaved; deprivation; especially the loss of a relative by death.

bereft /bəˈɹɛft/ adj
pêmen
Deprived of, stripped of, robbed of.

berkelium /bɜːɹˈkiːliəm/ /ˈbɜːɹkliəm/ n
berkelyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Bk) with an atomic number of 97.

berry /ˈbɛɹ.i/ n
fêkî
A small succulent fruit, of any one of many varieties.

beryllium /bəˈɹɪl.i.əm/ n
berîlyûm
The chemical element (symbol Be) with an atomic number of 4; a soft silvery-white low density alkaline earth metal with specialist industrial applications.

beseech /bɪˈsiːt͡ʃ/ v
diʼa kirin
To beg or request for (something).

besides /biˈsaɪdz/ /bəˈsaɪdz/ /bɪˈsaɪdz/ adv
ji bilî wilo
(conjunctive) Also; in addition.
(conjunctive) Used to emphasize an additional point, especially an important or stronger reason; moreover; furthermore.

besides /biˈsaɪdz/ /bəˈsaɪdz/ /bɪˈsaɪdz/ preposition
ji bilî
In addition to.

besiege /bəˈsiːd͡ʒ/ v
dor lê girtin
(transitive) To beset or surround with armed forces for the purpose of compelling to surrender, to lay siege to, beleaguer.

best /ˈbɛst/ n
gul
(countable) The person (or persons; or thing or things) that is (are) most excellent.

bestow /bɪˈstoʊ/ /bɪˈstəʊ/ v
pê xebitîn
To apply or make use of (someone or something); to employ, to use.
dan
To impart (something) gratuitously; to present (something) to someone or something, especially as a gift or an honour; to confer, to give.

bet /ˈbɛt/ n
behs
A wager, an agreement between two parties that a stake (usually money) will be paid by the loser to the winner (the winner being the one who correctly forecast the outcome of an event).

bet /ˈbɛt/ v
ketin miçilgê
To stake or pledge upon the outcome of an event; to wager.

betimes /bəˈtaɪmz/ /bɪˈtaɪmz/ adv
rayeka navdêrî
(dated) In good season or time; early, especially in the morning; seasonably.

between jobs
bêkar
(euphemistic) Unemployed.

beverage /ˈbɛv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
vexwirak
(mostly, North America) A liquid to consume; a drink, such as tea, coffee, liquor, beer, milk, juice, or soft drinks, usually excluding water.
(Britain, slang, archaic) (A gift of) drink money.

bewail /bɪˈweɪl/ v
girîn
To wail over; to feel or express deep sorrow for.

bias /ˈbaɪəs/ n
ڕه‌وه‌ت
(countable, uncountable) Inclination towards something.

bible /ˈbaɪbəl/ n
Încîl
(by extension) A comprehensive manual that describes something, or a publication with a loyal readership.

bicycle /ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l/ /ˈbʌɪsɪkəl/ n
duçerxe
A vehicle that has two wheels, one behind the other, a steering handle, and a saddle seat or seats and is usually propelled by the action of a rider’s feet upon pedals.

bicycle kick n
duçerxe
(soccer) A kick in which the kicker leans backwards and kicks the ball back over his head.

bid /bɪd/ v
pirsîn
(transitive) To issue a command; to tell.
(transitive) To invite; to summon.
gotin
(transitive) To utter a greeting or salutation.

bide /baɪd/ v
sekinîn
(intransitive, archaic, or, dialectal) To wait; to be in expectation; to stay; to remain.

big /bɪɡ/ adj
mezin
Of great size, large.
(informal) Adult; (of a child) older.

bike /baɪk/ [bɐɪk] n
duçerxe
Clipping of bicycle.
çêlek
Clipping of motorbike.
(slang, derogatory) Ellipsis of village bike.

bile /baɪl/ n
zerav
A bitter brownish-yellow or greenish-yellow secretion produced by the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and discharged into the duodenum where it aids the process of digestion.
Bitterness of temper; ill humour; irascibility.

bilious /ˈbɪl.i.əs/ /ˈbɪl.jəs/ adj
bêcir
(pathology) Suffering from real or supposed liver disorder, especially excessive secretions of bile.
Peevishly ill-humored, irritable or bad tempered; irascible.

bill /bɪl/ [bɪo̯] [bɪɫ] [bɪʊ̯] n
ده‌ندوک
The beak of a bird, especially when small or flattish; sometimes also used with reference to a platypus, turtle, or other animal.
hesab
A written note of goods sold, services rendered, or work done, with the price or charge; an invoice.

billhook n
das
An agricultural hand tool often with a curved or hooked end to the blade used for pruning or cutting thick, woody plants.
(written as bill-hook) A part of the knotting mechanism in a reaper-binder or baler (agricultural machinery).

billiards /ˈbɪl.jɚdz/ /ˈbɪlɪədz/ n
bilyar
(games, British) A two-player cue sport played with two cue balls and one red ball, on a snooker sized table.

billowy /ˈbɪ.ləʊ.(w)i/ adj
bipêl
Swelling or swollen into large waves; full of billows or surges; resembling billows.

binary star n
stêra duwane
(astronomy) A stellar system in which two stars orbit around their center of mass; double star.

binge /bɪnd͡ʒ/ n
dawer
A short period of excessive consumption, especially of food, alcohol, narcotics, etc.

biochemist n
biyokîmya
A chemist whose speciality is biochemistry

biochemistry /ˌbaɪəʊˈkɛmɪstɹi/ n
biyokîmya
(uncountable) The chemistry of those compounds that occur in living organisms, and the processes that occur in their metabolism and catabolism

biography /baɪˈɑɡɹəfi/ /baɪˈɒɡɹəfi/ n
jînenîgarî
A person's life story, especially one published.

biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /baɪˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ /baɪˌɑl(ə)ˈd͡ʒi/ n
biyolojî
The study of all life or living matter.

bionomy n
fizyolojî

biophysics n
biyofizik
The interdisciplinary science that applies theories and methods of the physical sciences to questions of biology.

biotechnology /ˈbaɪəʊˌtɛk.nɒl.əʊ.dʒi/ n
biyoteknolojî
The use of living organisms (especially microorganisms) in industrial, agricultural, medical and other technological applications.
The application of the principles and practices of engineering and technology to the life sciences.

biphobia /ˈbaɪˌfoʊbi.ə/ /ˈbaɪˌfəʊbiːə/ n
بایفۆبیا
Antipathy towards bisexuals.

birch /bɜːtʃ/ /bɝt͡ʃ/ n
yard
A stick, rod or bundle of twigs made from birch wood, used for punishment.

bird /bɘːd/ /bɜd/ /bɜɹd/ /bɜːd/ [bəɪd] [bɝˑɖ] n
firrinde
A member of the class of animals Aves in the phylum Chordata, characterized by being warm-blooded, having feathers and wings usually capable of flight, having a beaked mouth, and laying eggs.

birdcage n
voliera
(countable) A cage to keep pet or zoological specimen birds in.

birdsong n
stran
(ornithology) A vocalisation made by a bird for the purposes of courtship.

birth /bɜːð/ /bɜːθ/ /bɝð/ /bɝθ/ n
za
(uncountable) The process of childbearing; the beginning of life; the emergence of a human baby or other viviparous animal offspring from the mother's body into the environment.
له‌دایکبوون
(countable) An instance of childbirth.
par
(countable) A beginning or start; a point of origin.

birthday /ˈbɜːθ.deɪ/ /ˈbɜːθ.dɪ/ /ˈbɝθˌdeɪ/ n
cejn
The anniversary of the day on which something is created.

birthmark n
ez
A mark on the skin formed before birth.

bisexuality n
bîseksuelî
(of humans or other animals) The state of being sexually or romantically attracted to members of either sex or gender.
(chiefly, botany) The state of being .

bishop /ˈbɪʃəp/ n
metran
(Christianity) An overseer of congregations: either any such overseer, generally speaking, or (in Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism, Anglicanism, etc.) an official in the church hierarchy (actively or nominally) governing a diocese, supervising the church's priests, deacons, and property in its territory.

bismuth /ˈbɪz.məθ/ n
bîzmût
A chemical element (symbol Bi) with an atomic number of 83: a brittle silvery-white metal.

bisque /bɪsk/ n
şorbe
A thick creamy soup made from fish, shellfish, meat or vegetables.

bit /bɪt/ n
spih
(mathematics, computing) A binary digit, generally represented as a 1 or 0.
(computing) The smallest unit of storage in a digital computer, consisting of a binary digit.
(information theory, cryptography) Any datum that may take on one of exactly two values.
şixab
A rotary cutting tool fitted to a drill, used to bore holes.
partîkul
A small amount of something.
deqîqe
(informal) Specifically, a small amount of time.

bitch /bɪt͡ʃ/ /bɪʃ/ n
dêlegur
(dated, or, specialised, dog-breeding) A female dog or other canine, particularly a recent mother.
[[ده‌ریا]]
(vulgar, offensive) A despicable or disagreeable, aggressive person, usually a woman. [from 15th c.]

bite /baɪt/ v
xwardin
(intransitive, of a fish) To bite a baited hook or other lure and thus be caught.
meşîn
(intransitive) To cause a smarting sensation; to have a property which causes such a sensation; to be pungent.

bitter /ˈbɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɪtɚ/ [ˈbɪtʰə] [ˈbɪɾɚ] [ˈbɪʔə] adj
tal
Having an acrid taste (usually from a basic substance).

bitumen /baɪˈtumən/ /bɪˈtjumən/ /bɪˈtumən/ /ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/ /ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/ n
zift
A sticky, black, highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum, burning with a bright flame. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, etc.; Mineral pitch.

bizarre /bəˈzɑɹ/ /bəˈzɑː(ɹ)/ /bɪˈzɑɹ/ /bɪˈzɑː(ɹ)/ adj
ecêb
Strangely unconventional; highly unusual and different from common experience, often in an extravagant, fantastic, and/or conspicuous way.

black /blæk/ adj
reş
(of an object) Absorbing all light and reflecting none; dark and hueless.

black /blæk/ n
reş
(countable, and, uncountable) The colour/color perceived in the absence of light, but also when no light is reflected, but rather absorbed.
(British, countable) A type of firecracker that is really more dark brown in colour.

black caraway n
hebreş
A Middle-Eastern spice plant related to buttercups, Nigella sativa, with dark black, aromatic seeds.
reşreşk
These seeds as spice.

black salsify n
sping
A perennial member of the sunflower family (Asteraceae), cultivated as a root vegetable (Pseudopodospermum hispanicum, syn. Scorzonera hispanica).

black stork n
leglega reş
A large bird of species Ciconia nigra in the stork family Ciconiidae, wintering in tropical Africa, found in much of western Eurasia.

blackberry /ˈblækbəɹi/ /ˈblækbɛɹi/ /ˈblækbɹi/ n
tûreşk
A fruit-bearing shrub of the aggregate species Rubus fruticosus and some hybrids.

blackbird /ˈblakbəːd/ /ˈblækˌbɚd/ n
boqijeya reş
A common true thrush, Turdus merula, found in woods and gardens over much of Eurasia, and introduced elsewhere.

blackboard /ˈblækboɹd/ /ˈblækbɔɹd/ /ˈblækbɔːd/ n
depreş
A large flat surface, finished with black slate or a similar material, that can be written upon with chalk and subsequently erased; a chalkboard.

blackjack /ˈblækd͡ʒæk/ n
bîst û yek
(card games) A common gambling card game in casinos, where the object is to get as close to 21 without going over.

blackout /ˈblæk.aʊt/ /ˈblæk.ʌʊt/ n
spî
A temporary loss of memory.

blacksmith /ˈblæk.smɪθ/ n
nalbend
rayeka navdêrî
A person who forges iron.

blade /bleɪd/ n
ده‌م
The (typically sharp-edged) part of a knife, sword, razor, or other tool with which it cuts.
(mathematics) An exterior product of vectors. (The product may have more than two factors. Also, a scalar counts as a 0-blade, a vector as a 1-blade; an exterior product of k vectors may be called a k-blade.)
bêr
The flat functional end or piece of a propeller, oar, hockey stick, chisel, screwdriver, skate, etc.
rûpel
The narrow leaf of a grass or cereal.
belg
(biology) The four large shell plates on the sides, and the five large ones of the middle, of the carapace of the sea turtle, which yield the best tortoise shell.

blame /bleɪm/ n
sûc
(computing) A source control feature that can show which user was responsible for a particular portion of the source code.

blame /bleɪm/ v
şemisandin
(transitive, usually followed by "for") To assert or consider that someone is the cause of something negative; to place blame, to attribute responsibility (for something negative or for doing something negative).

bland /blænd/ adj
nerm
Having a soothing effect; not irritating or stimulating.
(now, _, rare) Mild; soft, gentle, balmy; smooth in manner; suave.

blanket /ˈblæŋkɪt/ adj
amî
General; covering or encompassing everything.

blanket /ˈblæŋkɪt/ n
lihêf
A heavy, loosely woven fabric, usually large and woollen, used for warmth while sleeping or resting.

blanket /ˈblæŋkɪt/ v
rû girtin
(transitive) To cover with, or as if with, a blanket.
vegirtin
(transitive) To traverse or complete thoroughly.

blast /blæst/ /blɑːst/ n
هه‌ناسه‌
An explosive charge for blasting.

blastula n
blastûla
(embryology) An early form in the development of an embryo, consisting of a spherical layer of cells filled with fluid; a blastosphere.

blather /blæðə(ɹ)/ v
tewş peyîvîn
(intransitive, pejorative) To talk rapidly without making much sense.

blaze /bleɪz/ n
agir
A fire, especially a fast-burning fire producing a lot of flames and light.

bleeding /ˈbliːdɪŋ/ n
xwînjiberçûn
The flow or loss of blood from a damaged blood vessel.

bleep /ˈbliːp/ v
kirin
(intransitive) To emit one or more bleeps.

blemish /ˈblɛmɪʃ/ n
niqte
A small flaw which spoils the appearance of something, a stain, a spot.

bless you /ˈblɛs juː/ interjection
saxlemî
(idiomatic) Said to someone who has just sneezed, as a polite remark.

blessing /ˈblɛs.ɪŋ/ n
grûb
A group of unicorns.

blind /blaɪnd/ adj
kor
(not comparable) Unable to see, or only partially able to see.

blind spot n
korî
(figuratively) An inability to recognize a fact or think clearly about a certain topic, especially because of a prejudice.

blindness /ˈblaɪndnəs/ n
korî کوێری
The condition of being blind; unable to see.

blinker /ˈblɪŋkə/ /ˈblɪŋkəɹ/ n
kanik
(rare) The eyelid.

bliss /blɪs/ n
saadet
Perfect happiness.

blister /ˈblɪstə(ɹ)/ /ˈblɪstɚ/ n
فاسولیا
A small bubble between the layers of the skin that contains watery or bloody fluid and is caused by friction and pressure, burning, freezing, chemical irritation, disease, or infection.

blizzard /ˈblɪ.zəd/ /ˈblɪ.zɚd/ n
çîya
(figuratively) A large amount of paperwork.

bloat /bloʊt/ /bləʊt/ v
perçivandin
(intransitive, veterinary medicine) To get an overdistended rumen, talking of a ruminant.
To fill soft substance with gas, water, etc.; to cause to swell.

bloc /blɑk/ /blɒk/ n
یه‌ک گرتوو
A group of voters or politicians who share common goals.
A group of countries acting together for political or economic goals, an alliance: e.g., the eastern bloc, the western bloc, a trading bloc, the Eurozone, the European Union.

blockhead n
ehmeq
(colloquial) A stupid person.

blockhouse n
penageh
A sturdy military fortification, often of concrete, with gunports.

blog /blɑɡ/ /blɒɡ/ n
bed
(Internet) A website that allows users to reflect, share opinions, and discuss various topics in the form of an online journal, sometimes letting readers comment on their posts. Most blogs are written in a slightly informal tone (personal journals, news, businesses, etc.)

blood /blʊd/ /blʌd/ n
xwîn xûn
A vital liquid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals that usually conveys nutrients and oxygen. In vertebrates, it is colored red by hemoglobin, is conveyed by arteries and veins, is pumped by the heart and is usually generated in bone marrow.
A family relationship due to birth, such as that between siblings; contrasted with relationships due to marriage or adoption. (See blood relative, blood relation.)
xwîn
(medicine, countable) A blood test or blood sample.

blood brother n
bira
(by extension) An unrelated male considered to share such a strong relationship generally.

blood plasma n
plazma
(hematology) The clear fluid portion of blood in which the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are suspended; forms serum upon clotting.

blood pressure /ˈblʌd ˌpɹɛʃə(ɹ)/ n
pestana xwînê
The pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries and veins; it varies during the heartbeat cycle, and according to a person's age, health and physical condition.

blood relation n
eqrebe
A person who is relation through birth, as opposed to marriage or adoption.

blood type /ˈblʌd taɪp/ n
komeleya xwînê
Any classification of human blood by the presence or absence of various antigens in a person’s red blood cells.
One of eight possible classifications within the ABO and Rh blood group systems, commonly used to determine a person's compatibility for blood transfusion.

blood vessel n
lûleya xwînê
(anatomy) A component of the circulatory system, such as an artery, capillary, or vein, that carries blood.

bloodlessness n
kêmxwînî
The characteristic of being bloodless.

bloom /bluːm/ n
reng
(uncountable) The opening of flowers in general; the state of blossoming or of having the flowers open.
gul
(figuratively) A state or time of beauty, freshness, and vigor; an opening to higher perfection, analogous to that of buds into blossoms.
(mineralogy) A bright-hued variety of some minerals.

bloom /bluːm/ v
gul
(transitive) To cause to blossom; to make flourish.

blossom /ˈblɑ.səm/ /ˈblɒs.əm/ /ˈblɔs.əm/ n
gul
A flower, especially one indicating that a fruit tree is fruiting; (collectively) a mass of such flowers.
reng
The state or season of producing such flowers.

blossom /ˈblɑ.səm/ /ˈblɒs.əm/ /ˈblɔs.əm/ v
gul
(intransitive) To have, or open into, blossoms; to bloom.

blot /blɑt/ /blɒt/ n
niqte
A blemish, spot or stain made by a coloured substance.

blotch /blɑt͡ʃ/ /blɒtʃ/ n
niqte
An uneven patch of color or discoloration.

blow /bloʊ/ /bləʊ/ v
فو
(intransitive) To produce an air current.
lê xistin
(transitive) To cause to make sound by blowing, as a musical instrument.
peqandin
(intransitive) To burst or explode; to occur suddenly
(transitive, with "up", or, with prep phrase headed by "to") To cause to explode, shatter, or be utterly destroyed.
(transitive) To put out of breath; to cause to blow from fatigue.
mêjîn
(obsolete) To spread by report; to publish; to disclose.
(intransitive) To breathe hard or quick; to pant; to puff.

blow out v
reş kirin
(slang) To sing out, sing out loud.

blow up v
peqandin
(transitive, also, _, metaphorically) To cause (something or someone) to explode, or to destroy (something) or maim or kill (someone) by means of an explosion.
(slang) To suddenly get very angry, to lose one's temper.
perçivandin
(transitive, dated) To inflate, as with pride, self-conceit, etc.; to puff up.
(intransitive, of a storm) To begin; to gather; to form.

blowjob /ˈbloʊd͡ʒɑb/ /ˈbləʊdʒɒb/ n
frensî
(sex, vulgar, slang) An act of fellatio, or sucking a penis or other phallic object (such as a dildo).

blue /bljuː/ /bluː/ /blɪʊ̯/ adj
şîn شین
(particle physics) Having a color charge of blue.

blue /bljuː/ /bluː/ /blɪʊ̯/ n
şîn شین
Anything coloured blue, especially to distinguish it from similar objects differing only in color.
şîn
(uncountable) Blue clothing.

blue cheese /blu ˈtʃiz/ /bluː ˈtʃiːz/ n
şîn
A kind of cheese made with bluish mold in it.

blueberry /ˈblu.ˌbɛ.ɹi/ /ˈbluːb(ə)ɹi/ n
kanêje
(countable) An edible round berry, belonging to the cowberry group (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus), with flared crowns at the end, that turns blue on ripening.
(countable) The shrub of the above-mentioned berry.
(countable, and, uncountable) A dark blue colour.

bluetail /ˈbluˌteɪl/ /ˈbluːteɪl/ n
bilbil
Either of two species of passerine bird in the genus Tarsiger.

blurred /blɜːd/ /blɝd/ adj
gerek
Out of focus; partially obscured; smudged.

blurry /ˈblɜːɹi/ adj
gerek
(of an image) Not clear, crisp, or focused; having fuzzy edges.
(figuratively) Not clear; lacking well-defined boundaries.

board /bo(ː)ɹd/ /boəd/ /bɔɹd/ /bɔːd/ n
tas
A device (e.g., switchboard) containing electrical switches and other controls and designed to control lights, sound, telephone connections, etc.
depreş
Short for blackboard, whiteboard, chessboard, surfboard, circuit board, message board (on the Internet), bulletin board, etc.
deste
A committee that manages the business of an organization, e.g., a board of directors.
mase
(uncountable) Regular meals or the amount paid for them in a place of lodging.

board member n
ajokar
a member of the board of directors of an association or company.

boast /boʊst/ /bəʊst/ n
nepixîn
A brag; ostentatious positive appraisal of oneself.
Something that one brags about.

boat /boʊt/ /bəʊt/ n
gemî
A craft used for transportation of goods, fishing, racing, recreational cruising, or military use on or in the water, propelled by oars or outboard motor or inboard motor or by wind.

bob haircut n
çarçik
A women's haircut in which both the bangs and back are cut in a straight line, with the back generally off the neck.

bobbin n
bobîn
A spool or cylinder around which wire is coiled.

body /ˈbɑdi/ /ˈbɒdi/ [ˈbɑɾi] n
له‌ش
The physical structure of a human or animal seen as one single organism. [from 9th c.]

boffin /ˈbɑfɪn/ /ˈbɒfɪn/ n
zanyar
(Australia, New Zealand, Britain, Ireland, informal) An engineer or scientist, especially one engaged in technological or military research. [from 1930s]

bog /bɑɡ/ /bɒɡ/ /bɔɡ/ n
avzê
(uncountable) The acidic soil of such areas, principally composed of peat; marshland, swampland.

bogeyman /ˈboʊ.ɡiˌmæn/ /ˈbu.ɡiˌmæn/ /ˈbəʊ.ɡiˌmæn/ /ˈbəʊ.ɡɪˌmæn/ /ˈbʊɡ.iˌmæn/ n
gurê manco
A menacing, ghost-like monster in children's stories.

bogus /ˈboʊ.ɡəs/ /ˈbəʊ.ɡəs/ adj
nejidil
Counterfeit or fake; not genuine.
nerast
(computing, slang) Incorrect, useless, or broken.

bohrium /ˈbɔːɹiəm/ n
bohriyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Bh) with an atomic number of 107.

boiler /ˈbɔɪlə/ /ˈbɔɪlɚ/ n
qazan
A device consisting of a heat source and a tank for storing hot water, typically for space heating, domestic hot water etc., disregarding the source of heat.

boiler suit n
beq
A one-piece suit combining trousers and jacket, worn for heavy or hot manual labour.

bold /baʉld/ /boʊld/ /ˈbəʊld/ [bɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈbɒʊ(ɫ)d] adj
xurt
Courageous, daring.
don
(typography, of, _, typefaces) Having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface.

bole /bol/ /bɒʊl/ /bəʊl/ n
qurm
The trunk or stem of a tree.

bollard /ˈbɒlɑːd/ /ˈbɒləd/ /ˈbɒləɹd/ n
bav
A similar post preventing vehicle access to a pedestrian area, to delineate traffic lanes, or used for security purposes.

bollock /ˈbɒ.lək/ n
top
(British, Irish, vulgar, chiefly, in the plural) A testicle.

bolster /ˈboʊlstɚ/ /ˈbɒlstə/ /ˈbəʊlstə/ ; [ˈbɒʊlstə] n
سه‌رین
A large cushion or pillow, usually cylindrical in shape.

bolster /ˈboʊlstɚ/ /ˈbɒlstə/ /ˈbəʊlstə/ ; [ˈbɒʊlstə] v
گه‌وره‌بوون
(transitive, often, figurative) To brace, reinforce, secure, or support.

bolt /boʊlt/ /bɒlt/ /bəʊlt/ [bɔʊɫt] n
tîr
A (usually) metal fastener consisting of a cylindrical body that is threaded, with a larger head on one end. It can be inserted into an unthreaded hole up to the head, with a nut then threaded on the other end; a heavy machine screw.
birq
A lightning spark, i.e., a lightning bolt.

bolt /boʊlt/ /bɒlt/ /bəʊlt/ [bɔʊɫt] v
baz dan
(intransitive) To flee, to depart, to accelerate away suddenly.
hilketin
(intransitive, botany, of lettuce, spinach, garlic, onion, etc) To produce flower stalks and flowers or seeds quickly or prematurely; to form a bolt (stalk or scape); to go to seed.

bolus /ˈbəʊləs/ n
gato
A round mass of something, especially of chewed food in the mouth or alimentary canal.

bomb /bɑm/ /bɒm/ /bɔm/ /bʌm/ n
bombe بۆمبا
An explosive device used or intended as a weapon, (especially) one dropped from an aircraft.

bombshell n
bombe
A bomb or artillery shell designed to explode on impact.
(figurative) Something that is very surprising, shocking, amazing or sensational.

bon appétit /ˈbɔn ˌæpəˈti/ /ˌbo(ʊ).næ.pəˈti/ /ˌboʊn æpəˈti(t)/ /ˌboʊn æpəˈti/ /ˌboʊn æpəˈtit/ /ˌbɒn apəˈtiː/ /ˌbɒn apɛˈtiː/ /ˌbɔː.næ.peɪˈtiː/ phraseologicalUnit
noşî can be
Used to wish someone enjoyment of the meal they are about to eat.

bona fide /ˈboʊnə.faɪd/ /ˈboʊnəˌfiːdeɪ/ /ˈbɑnə.faɪd/ /ˌboʊnəˈfaɪdi/ /ˌbəʊ.nəˈfaɪ.di/ adj
resen

bond /bɑnd/ /bɒnd/ n
belgename
(finance) A documentary obligation to pay a sum or to perform a contract; a debenture.

bondage /ˈbɑn.dɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈbɒn.dɪd͡ʒ/ n
xulamî
The state of being enslaved or the practice of slavery.
berpirsiyarî
(by extension) The state of lacking freedom; constraint.

bondsman /ˈbɑndzmən/ /ˈbɒndzmən/ n
derhûd
Someone who signs a bond that states that they have taken responsibility for someone else's obligations.

bone /boʊn/ /bɐʉn/ /bəʉn/ /bəʊn/ n
hestî
(uncountable) A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates.
(countable) Any of the components of an endoskeleton, made of bone.
A bone of a fish; a fishbone.
(American football, informal) The wishbone formation.

bone marrow n
mox
(anatomy) The fatty vascular tissue that fills the cavities of bones, being the place where new blood cells are produced.

bonkers /ˈbɑŋkɚz/ /ˈbɒŋkəz/ adj
dîn
(informal, especially, Britain) Mad; crazy.

bonus /ˈboʊ.nəs/ /ˈbəʊ.nəs/ n
qertaf
Something extra that is good; an added benefit.

boob /ˈbuːb/ n
memik
(colloquial, slang, usually, plural) A breast, especially that of an adult or adolescent female human.

booby trap n
dab
(military) An antipersonnel device deliberately hidden or disguised as a harmless object.

booger /ˈbʊɡə/ /ˈbʊɡɚ/ n
boçik
(US, Canada, Philippines, slang) A piece of solid or semisolid mucus in or removed from a nostril.

book /buːk/ /bʉk/ /bʊk/ n
kitêb pirtûk
A collection of sheets of paper bound together to hinge at one edge, containing printed or written material, pictures, etc.
A long work fit for publication, typically prose, such as a novel or textbook, and typically published as such a bound collection of sheets, but now sometimes electronically as an e-book.
A major division of a long work.

bookcase /ˈbʊkˌkeɪs/ [ˈbʊʔk̚keɪs] n
pirtûkxane
A piece of furniture for the storage and display of books.

bookshelf /ˈbʊkˌʃɛlf/ n
pirtûkxane
A shelf or shelves for storing books for easy visual reference.

bookshop n
کتێبخانه‌
A shop that sells books.

boon /buːn/ n
diyarî
A good thing; a blessing or benefit; a thing to be thankful for.
(Hindu mythology) A blessing, typically a supernatural power, granted to an ascetic by a god or goddess.
dua
(archaic) That which is asked or granted as a benefit or favor; a gift or benefaction.

boorishness n
çolsî
The state or characteristic of being a boor or of being boorish; boorish behaviour.

boot /but/ /buːt/ /bʉːt/ /bʏːt/ [buːt] n
pêlav
(footwear) A heavy shoe that covers part of the leg.

boot /but/ /buːt/ /bʉːt/ /bʏːt/ [buːt] v
hilavêtin
(slang) To vomit.

booty /ˈbuːti/ n
qûn
(slang) The buttocks.

booze /buːz/ n
vexwarin
(colloquial, uncountable) Any alcoholic beverage (especially beer or hard liquor).

border /ˈboɹdɚ/ /ˈbɔədə/ /ˈbɔːdə/ /ˈbɔːɹdɚ/ [ˈbo̞ɹdɚ] n
sînor
The line or frontier area separating political or geographical regions.
qerax
The outer edge of something.
kêlsim
A decorative strip around the edge of something.

border /ˈboɹdɚ/ /ˈbɔədə/ /ˈbɔːdə/ /ˈbɔːɹdɚ/ [ˈbo̞ɹdɚ] v
sînor danîn
(transitive) To put a border on something.

boreal /ˈbɔɹi.əl/ /ˈbɔːɹɪəl/ adj
bakur
Of, relating to, or coming from the north.

boredom /ˈbɔɹ.dəm/ /ˈbɔː.dəm/ n
bêzarî
(countable) An instance or period of being bored; A bored state.

boron /ˈbɔːˌɹɒn/ n
bor boron
The chemical element (symbol B) with an atomic number of 5, which is a metalloid found in its pure form as a dark amorphous powder.

bosky /ˈbɒski/ adj
bidar
Having abundant bushes, shrubs or trees.

bosom /ˈbʊz(ə)m/ n
dil
The seat of one's inner thoughts, feelings, etc.; one's secret feelings; desire. [from 13thc.]
sîng
A breast, one of a woman's breasts

boss /bɑs/ /bɒs/ /bɔs/ n
ser
A person who oversees and directs the work of others; a supervisor.
A person in charge of a business or company.
A leader, the head of an organized group or team.

bot /bɑt/ /bɒt/ n
robot
(computing) A piece of software designed to perform a minor but repetitive task automatically or on command, especially when operating with the appearance of a (human) user profile or account.

botanical garden n
bexçeyê riwekan
A place where a variety of plants are grown, primarily for scientific or educational reasons, but are normally open to the public, and include ornamental plants from around the world.

botanist /ˈbɒt.ən.ɪst/ [ˈbɒt.n̩.ɪst] n
riweknasî
(botany) A person engaged in botany, the scientific study of plants.

botany /-nɪ/ /ˈbɑt.ni/ /ˈbɑt.ə.ni/ /ˈbɒt.ni/ /ˈbɒt.ə.ni/ n
riweknasî giyanasî
(uncountable) A branch of biology concerned with the scientific study of plants.

both /boʊlθ/ /bəʊθ/ [boʊɫθ] [boʊθ] [bɐʉθ] [bəʊθ] [bɜʊ̯θ] determiner
هه‌ردو
Each of the two; one and the other; referring to two individuals or items.

bother /ˈbɑðɚ/ /ˈbɒðə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɔðə(ɹ)/ v
aciz kirin
(transitive) To annoy, to disturb, to irritate; to be troublesome to, to make trouble for.

bottle /ˈbɑ.təl/ /ˈbɒt.əl/ n
şîşe
(figurative) Intoxicating liquor; alcohol.

bottle brush n
firçeya şûşe
A brush, having bristles that radiate from a central stem, used for cleaning bottles.

bough /baʊ/ n
çeq
A tree-branch, usually a primary one directly attached to the trunk.

bound /ˈbaʊnd/ n
hêvî
A sizeable jump, great leap.

bounty /ˈbaʊn(t)i/ /ˈbaʊnti/ n
diyarî
(countable) Something given liberally; a gift.

bourgeoisie /ˌbʊə(ɹ)ʒwɑːˈziː/ n
bajarî
(Marxism) The capitalist class.

bow /boʊ/ /bəʊ/ n
kevan
A weapon made of a curved piece of wood or other flexible material whose ends are connected by a string, used for shooting arrows.
Any instrument consisting of an elastic rod, with ends connected by a string, employed for giving reciprocating motion to a drill, or for preparing and arranging hair, fur, etc., used by hatters.

bow-wow interjection
حەو
Representing the sound of a dog barking.

bowel /baʊl/ /ˈbaʊ.əl/ n
rûvî
(chiefly, medicine) A part or division of the intestines, usually the large intestine.

bowels /baʊ.əlz/ n
rûvî
The intestines.

box /bɑks/ /bɒks/ n
elbik
A cuboid space; a cuboid container, often with a hinged lid.

box /bɑks/ /bɒks/ v
veşartin
(transitive, architecture) To enclose with boarding, lathing, etc., so as to conceal (for example, pipes) or to bring to a required form.

boy /bɔɪ/ /bɔːə/ n
kur
A young male human. [from 15th c.]
(informal, sometimes mildly derogatory) A male human of any age, as opposed to a "girl" (female human of any age).
(obsolete) A male of low station, (especially as pejorative) a worthless male, a wretch; a mean and dishonest male, a knave. [14th–17th c.]
(informal, especially, with a possessive) A male friend.
A male non-human animal, especially, in affectionate address, a male pet, especially a dog. [from 15th c.]
kurr
(affectionate, diminutive) A male human younger than the speaker. [from 17th c.]
(historical, or, offensive) A non-white male servant regardless of age, [from 17th c.] particularly as a form of address.

boycott /ˈbɔɪkɑt/ /ˈbɔɪkɒt/ n
boykot
The act of boycotting.

boyfriend /ˈbɔɪfɹənd/ /ˈbɔɪˌfɹɛnd/ n
dost
A male partner in an unmarried romantic relationship.
birader
A male friend.

boyish /ˈbɔɪ.ɪʃ/ adj
kur
Like a stereotypical boy in appearance or demeanor.

bra /bɹæ/ /bɹɑː/ n
bersing
An item of clothing, usually underwear worn to support the breasts. [from 1920s]

bracelet /ˈbɹeɪslət/ /ˈbɹeɪslɪt/ n
bazin
A band or chain worn around the wrist as jewelry/jewellery or an ornament.
The strap of a wristwatch, used to secure it around the wrist.

braid /bɹeɪd/ n
gulî
A weave of three or more strands of fibers, ribbons, cords or hair often for decoration. [from 16th c.]

braid /bɹeɪd/ v
gulî
(transitive) To weave together, intertwine (strands of fibers, ribbons, etc.); to arrange (hair) in braids.
(obsolete) To reproach; to upbraid.

brain /bɹeɪn/ n
mejî مێشک
A part of the brain, especially associated with particular mental functions, abilities, etc.
The control center of the central nervous system of an animal located in the skull which is responsible for perception, cognition, attention, memory, emotion, and action.
(informal) An intelligent person.
(plurale tantum) A person who provides the intelligence required for something.
(in the plural) Intellect.
(in the singular) An intellectual or mental capacity.
By analogy with a human brain, the part of a machine or computer that performs calculations.
(slang, vulgar, uncountable) Oral sex.
(informal) Mind.
A loose compartment of a backpack that straps on over the top opening.

brain drain n
koça hişmendan
The migration of educated or talented people from less economically advanced areas to more economically advanced areas, especially to large cities or richer countries.

branch /bɹænt͡ʃ/ /bɹɑːnt͡ʃ/ n
لق
The woody part of a tree arising from the trunk and usually dividing.
An area in business or of knowledge, research.
çeq
Any of the parts of something that divides like the branch of a tree.
alaş
A line of family descent, in distinction from some other line or lines from the same stock; any descendant in such a line.

brass /bɹas/ /bɹæs/ /bɹɑːs/ n
pola
(slang, dated) Money.

brass instrument n
lajwerd
Any musical instrument whose tone is produced by vibration of the lips as the player blows into a mouthpiece (or tubular resonator).

brasserie n
bîrameyanxane
A small, informal restaurant that serves beer and wine as well as simple food.

brave /bɹeɪv/ adj
ئازا
Strong in the face of fear; courageous.

bravery /ˈbɹeɪv.ə.ɹi/ /ˈbɹeɪv.ɹi/ n
mêranî
(usually, uncountable) Being brave, courageousness.

brawl /bɹɑl/ /bɹɔl/ /bɹɔːl/ n
tefrika
A disorderly argument or fight, usually with a large number of people involved.

brawny /ˈbɹɔːni/ adj
atletik
Characterized by brawn; muscular, thewy; strong.

brazier /ˈbɹeɪ.zjə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹeɪ.ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹeɪ.ʒɚ/ /ˈbɹeɪʒəɹ/ n
agirdank
An upright standing or hanging metal bowl used for holding burning coal for a source of light or heat.

bread /bɹɛd/ n
nan
Food; sustenance; support of life, in general.
nan نان
A foodstuff made by baking dough made from cereals.
(countable) Any variety of bread.

breadwinner /ˈbɹɛdˌwɪnɚ/ n
nan
The primary income-earner in a household.

break /bɹeɪk/ /bɹiːk/ [bɹ(ʷ)eɪ̯k] n
jêkirin
A rest or pause, usually from work.
lezgîn
(snooker) The number of points scored by one player in one visit to the table.

break /bɹeɪk/ /bɹiːk/ [bɹ(ʷ)eɪ̯k] v
şikandin
(transitive, intransitive) To stop, or to cause to stop, functioning properly or altogether.
(transitive, with for) To (attempt to) disengage and flee to; to make a run for.
(intransitive, of a voice) To alter in type due to emotion or strain: in men, generally to go up, in women, sometimes to go down; to crack.
şkandin
(transitive) To surpass or do better than (a specific number); to do better than (a record), setting a new record.

break down v
xirab bûn
(intransitive) To cease to function. (others)
(ergative, figuratively) To render or to become unstable due to stress, to collapse physically or mentally.
rizîn
(ergative) To (cause to) decay, to decompose.

break in v
şikandin
(transitive, idiomatic) To cause (something, or someone, new) to function more naturally through use or wear

break up v
birrîn
(intransitive) To break or separate into pieces; to disintegrate or come apart.
şikandin
(intransitive, telecommunications) Of a conversation, to cease to be understandable because of a bad connection; of a signal, to deteriorate.

break wind v
ba bi ber ketin
(idiomatic, euphemistic) To expel gases generated during digestion, especially through the anus; to fart or flatulate.

breaker /ˈbɹeɪkə/ /ˈbɹeɪkɚ/ n
devik
(chiefly, in the plural) A wave breaking into foam against the shore, or against a sandbank, or a rock or reef near the surface, considered a useful warning to ships of an underwater hazard

breakfast /ˈbreɪkˌfɑːst/ /ˈbɹeɪkˌfæst/ /ˈbɹɛkfəst/ n
qehwaltî
The first meal of the day, usually eaten in the morning.

breakfast /ˈbreɪkˌfɑːst/ /ˈbɹeɪkˌfæst/ /ˈbɹɛkfəst/ v
qehwaltî
(intransitive) To eat the morning meal.

breaktime n
jêkirin
(US) A break for a worker or workers that splits a period of work.

breast /bɹɛst/ n
çiçik
(anatomy) Either of the two organs on the front of a female human's chest, which contain the mammary glands; also the analogous organs in males.
(anatomy) The chest, or front of the human thorax.
sîng
A section of clothing covering the breast area.
مه‌مک memk
The figurative seat of the emotions, feelings etc.; one's heart or innermost thoughts.
سنگ
The ventral portion of an animal's thorax.
A choice cut of poultry, especially chicken or turkey, taken from the bird’s breast; also a cut of meat from other animals, breast of mutton, veal, pork.

breastwork n
parapet
A fortification consisting of a breast-high bulwark; a parapet.

breath /bɹɛθ/ n
هه‌ناسه‌
(countable) A single act of breathing in or out; a breathing of air.
(uncountable) Air expelled from the lungs.

breathe /bɹið/ /bɹiːð/ v
henasegirtin
(intransitive) To draw air into (inhale), and expel air from (exhale), the lungs in order to extract oxygen and excrete waste gases.
hilm dan
(intransitive) To take in needed gases and expel waste gases in a similar way.
(intransitive, figurative) To live.
(transitive) To draw something into the lungs.
(intransitive, now, rare) To rest; to stop and catch one's breath.

breathe in v
henasegirtin
(ambitransitive) To inhale.

breather /bɹiː.ðə(ɹ)/ n
jêkirin
A short break; a rest or respite.

breathing /ˈbɹiðɪŋ/ /ˈbɹiːðɪŋ/ n
henasegirtin
(uncountable) The act of respiration; (countable) a single instance of this.

breeze /bɹiːz/ n
ba
A light, gentle wind.
lehîstoka zarokan
(figurative) Any activity that is easy, not testing or difficult.

brewery /ˈbɹuːəɹi/ n
bîrameyanxane
A building where beer is produced.

brick /bɹɪk/ n
xişt
(countable) A hardened rectangular block of mud, clay etc., used for building.
(uncountable) Such hardened mud, clay, etc. considered collectively, as a building material.
dest
(slang, dated) A helpful and reliable person.

bride /bɹaɪd/ n
bûk
A woman in the context of her own wedding; one who is going to marry or has just been married.

bride price n
qelen
A sum of money or other valuables paid by a bridegroom or on his behalf to the family of the bride, in some cultures.

bridegroom /ˈbɹaɪdˌɡɹuːm/ n
zava
A man in the context of his own wedding; one who is going to marry or has just been married.

bridge /bɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
pir
A construction or natural feature that spans a divide.

bridle /ˈbɹaɪdəl/ n
liwan
(equestrian) The headgear with which a horse is directed and which carries a bit and reins.

brief /bɹiːf/ adj
kin
Of short duration; happening quickly. [from 15th c.]

brigand /ˈbɹɪɡ.ənd/ n
eşqiya
An outlaw or bandit.

bright /bɹaɪt/ adj
dilxweş
In good spirits; happy, optimistic.
زیره‌ک
Having a clear, quick intellect; intelligent.

bright spark n
ser
(colloquial, often, ironic) A person who is intelligent, clever or quick-witted.

brightness /ˈbɹaɪtnəs/ n
rewş
The quality of being bright.
hîş
Intelligence, cleverness.

brimstone /ˈbɹɪmstoʊn/ /ˈbɹɪmstən/ /ˈbɹɪmstəʊn/ n
kewkurd
The sulfur of Hell; Hell, damnation.
lîmon
The butterfly Gonepteryx rhamni of the Pieridae family.

brine /bɹaɪn/ n
şoravk
The sea or ocean; the water of the sea.

bring /ˈbɹɪŋ/ v
anîn
(transitive, ditransitive) To transport toward somebody/somewhere.

bring forth v
afirandin
To create, generate, bring into existence.

bring on v
anîn
(idiomatic, transitive) To cause.
(idiomatic, intransitive, US, informal, often, as imperative) To pose a challenge or threat; to attack; to compete aggressively.

briny /ˈbɹaɪni/ adj
têrxwê
Of, pertaining to, resembling or containing brine; salty.

brisket /ˈbɹɪskɪt/ n
sing
The chest of an animal.
A cut of meat taken from the chest, especially from the section under the first five ribs.

bristle /ˈbɹɪstəl/ /ˈbɹɪsəl/ /ˈbɹʌsəl/ n
mû
The hairs or other filaments that make up a brush, broom, or similar item, typically made from plant cellulose, animal hairs, or synthetic polymers.

bro /bɹoʊ/ /bɹəʊ/ pronoun
bira
(AAVE) A person previously mentioned, usually male. Chiefly equivalent to he and him.

broad /bɹoːd/ /bɹɑd/ /bɹɔd/ /bɹɔːd/ adj
fire
Having a large measure of any thing or quality; unlimited; unrestrained.
(of an accent) Strongly regional.

broad bean n
baqil
An edible bean that has broad seeds (Vicia faba).

broadcast /-kæst/ /ˈbɹɑdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔːdkast/ /ˈbɹɔːdkɑːst/ n
pexş
A transmission of a radio or television programme intended to be received by anyone with a receiver.
A programme (bulletin, documentary, show, etc.) so transmitted.

broadcast /-kæst/ /ˈbɹɑdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔːdkast/ /ˈbɹɔːdkɑːst/ v
şandin
(transitive) To transmit a message or signal through radio waves or electronic means.

broadcasting n
pexş
(business) The business or profession of radio and television.

broadleaf adj
pel
Pertaining to trees with relatively broad, flat leaves as opposed to needles, or woodlands made up of such trees.

brogue /bɹoʊɡ/ /bɹəʊɡ/ n
lehce
A strong dialectal accent. In Ireland it used to be a term for Irish spoken with a strong English accent, but gradually changed to mean English spoken with a strong Irish accent as English control of Ireland gradually increased and Irish waned as the standard language.

bromide /ˈbɹoʊ.maɪd/ /ˈbɹəʊ.maɪd/ n
brom
(dated) A dose of bromide taken as a sedative, or to reduce sexual appetite.

bromine /ˈbɹoʊmin/ /ˈbɹəʊmiːn, -mɪn, -maɪn/ n
brom
(uncountable) A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Br) with an atomic number of 35; one of the halogens, it is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature.

bronchus /ˈbɹɑŋkəs/ /ˈbɹɒŋkəs/ n
liqê borrîhewa
Either of two airways, which are primary branches of the trachea, leading directly into the lungs.

bronze /bɹɑnz/ /bɹɒnz/ n
bronz
(uncountable) A naturally occurring or man-made alloy of copper, usually in combination with tin, but also with one or more other metals.

broth /bɹɑθ/ /bɹɒθ/ /bɹɔθ/ n
şorbe
(countable) A soup made from broth and other ingredients such as vegetables, herbs or diced meat.

brothel /ˈbɹɑðəl/ /ˈbɹɑθəl/ /ˈbɹɒðəl/ /ˈbɹɒθəl/ /ˈbɹɔðəl/ /ˈbɹɔθəl/ n
kerxane
A house of prostitution.

brother /ˈbɹɐðə/ /ˈbɹʊðə/ /ˈbɹʊðəɹ/ /ˈbɹʌvə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹʌðə/ /ˈbɹʌðəɹ/ /ˈbɹʌðɚ/ n
bira
A male having at least one parent in common with another (see half-brother, stepbrother).
A male fellow member of a religious community, church, trades union etc.
Someone who is a peer, whether male or female.

brother-in-law /ˈbɹʌðəɹ ɪn ˌlɔː/ /ˈbɹʌðɚ ɪn ˌlɑ/ /ˈbɹʌðɚ ɪn ˌlɔ/ n
bûra
The brother of the spouse of one's sibling.
The husband of the sibling of one's spouse.

brotherhood /ˈbɹʌð.əˌhʊd/ /ˈbɹʌð.ɚˌhʊd/ n
dawet û dîlan
All the people engaged in the same business, especially those of the same profession

browbeat /ˈbɹaʊ.biːt/ v
bizdandin
(transitive) To bully in an intimidating, bossy, or supercilious way.

brown /bɹaʊn/ adj
qehweyî
Having a brown colour.

brown /bɹaʊn/ n
qehweyî
(countable, and, uncountable) A colour like that of chocolate or coffee.

browse /bɹaʊz/ v
pel vedan
To scan, to casually look through in order to find items of interest, especially without knowledge of what to look for beforehand.
berê xwe dan
To move about while sampling, such as with food or products on display.
seyirîn
(transitive, computing) To navigate through hyperlinked documents on a computer, usually with a browser.

bruise /bɹuːz/ /bɹɪu̯z/ n
şîn
A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.

bruiser n
ajal
(sports) In contact sports, an athlete whose size, strength, and/or aggressiveness make it likely that they will cause athletes on the opposing team to suffer physical punishment.

brush /bɹɛʃ/ /bɹʌʃ/ n
firçe
An implement consisting of multiple more or less flexible bristles or other filaments attached to a handle, used for any of various purposes including cleaning, painting, and arranging hair.

brush /bɹɛʃ/ /bɹʌʃ/ v
firçe kirin
(transitive) To clean with a brush.
(transitive) To untangle or arrange with a brush.
(transitive) To remove with a sweeping motion.

brushless adj
firçe
Not using brushes, of a motor that does not use physical contacts for the commutator.
Not requiring the use of a brush.

brushwood n
birinc
Branches and twigs fallen from trees and shrubs.
Small trees and shrubs.

brutal /ˈbɹu.təl/ /ˈbɹuː.təl/ /ˈbɹʉː.təl/ [ˈbɹu.ɾəl] [ˈbɹʉː.ɾəl] adj
hovane
Savagely violent, vicious, ruthless, or cruel.

brute /bɹut/ /bɹuːt/ n
ajal
(archaic) An animal seen as being without human reason; a senseless beast. [from 17th c.]
A person with the characteristics of an unthinking animal; a coarse or brutal person. [from 17th c.]

brutish /ˈbɹuːt.ɪʃ/ adj
hovane
Bestial; lacking human sensibility

bubble /ˈbʊb.əl/ /ˈbʌb.əl/ n
billq
A spherically contained volume of air or other gas, especially one made from soapy liquid.
A small spherical cavity in a solid material.
(by extension) Anything resembling a hollow sphere.
(economics) A period of intense speculation in a market, causing prices to rise quickly to irrational levels as the metaphorical bubble expands, and then fall even more quickly as the bubble bursts.

bubblegum /ˈbʌbl̩ɡʌm/ /ˈbʌbəlɡʌm/ n
benîşt
(usually, _, uncountable) A sweet chewing gum formulated to be stretchy so the chewer can blow bubbles with it.

buck /bʊk/ /bʌk/ n
gakûvî
A male deer, antelope, sheep, goat, rabbit, hare, and sometimes the male of other animals such as the hamster, ferret, shad and kangaroo.
kesk
(US, Australia, NZ, Canada, informal) A dollar (one hundred cents).

bucket /ˈbʌkət/ /ˈbʌkɪt/ n
setil
The amount held in this container.
Part of a piece of machinery that resembles a bucket (container).
zembîl
(basketball, informal) The basket.
bêdrok
The leather socket for holding the whip when driving, or for the carbine or lance when mounted.

buckshot n
gijlok
(chiefly, US) Lead shot used in shotgun cartridges, made of larger pellets than birdshot and suitable for hunting larger game. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]

bud /bʌd/ n
gul
(usually uncountable, slang) Potent cannabis taken from the flowering part of the plant (the "bud"), or marijuana generally.

buddy /ˈbʌd.i/ pronoun
dost
(Maritime English) A person far removed from the conversation.

budget /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ət/ /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ɪt/ adj
هه‌رزان
Appropriate to a restricted budget.

budget /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ət/ /ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ɪt/ n
budçe
The amount of money or resources earmarked for a particular institution, activity or timeframe.
An itemized summary of intended expenditure; usually coupled with expected revenue.

buffalo /ˈbʌf.ə.loʊ/ /ˈbʌf.əl.əʊ/ v
bûn
(US, slang, transitive) To outwit, confuse, deceive, or intimidate.

buffet /bəˈfeɪ/ /bʌˈfeɪ/ /ˈbʊ.feɪ/ /ˈbʌ.feɪ/ n
vîkîng
Food laid out in this way, to which diners serve themselves.

bug /bʌɡ/ n
xeletî
(chiefly, computing and engineering jargon) A problem that needs fixing.
mêş
(informal) An enthusiasm for something; an obsession.

bugger /ˈbʌɡə/ /ˈbʌɡɚ/ interjection
kerxane
(slang, British, Irish, Commonwealth, coarse) An expression of annoyance or displeasure.

bugger off interjection
bilûr
(idiomatic, vulgar, UK, Commonwealth, Ireland, emphatic , colloquial) An expression of disagreement or disbelief.

bugle /ˈbjuːɡəl/ n
şax
A simple brass instrument consisting of a horn with no valves, playing only pitches in its harmonic series

build /bɪld/ v
avakirin
(transitive) To form (something) by combining materials or parts.
hilketin
(transitive) To develop or give form to (something) according to a plan or process.
(intransitive) To form by combining materials or parts.

building /ˈbɪl.dɪŋ/ n
بینا
(uncountable) The act or process by which something is built; construction.
(countable) A closed structure with walls and a roof.

buildup n
pirbûyîn
An accumulation; an increase; a gradual development.

bulk /bʌlk/ adj
barestedar
being large in size, mass or volume (of goods, etc.)

bulk /bʌlk/ n
qebare
Size, specifically, volume.

bull /bʉl/ /ˈbʊl/ n
tor
Any adult male bovine.
An adult male of certain large mammals, such as whales, elephants, camels and seals.
beraz
(US, slang) A policeman; a detective; a railroad security guard.

bullet /ˈbʊl.ɪt/ n
gulle
A projectile, usually of metal, shot from a gun at high speed.
(informal) An entire round of unfired ammunition for a firearm, including the projectile, the cartridge casing, the propellant charge, etc.
(figuratively) Anything that is projected extremely fast.
kêç
(typography) A printed symbol in the form of a solid circle, “•”, often used to mark items in a list.

bullet point n
kêç
The symbol, typically a solid circle, that marks each item in a bulleted list.

bullion /ˈbʊl.jən/ n
kurbeşk
A bulk quantity of precious metal, usually gold or silver, assessed by weight and typically cast as ingots.

bullock /ˈbʊlək/ n
golik
(archaic) A young bull.

bullseye /ˈbʊlzaɪ/ n
hezar
A shot which hits the centre of a target.

bullshit /ˈbʊlʃɪt/ n
gû
(vulgar, slang, usual sense) Statements that are false or exaggerated to impress or cheat the listener.
(vulgar, slang) Statements that are transparently or offensively false.

bullshit /ˈbʊlʃɪt/ v
tewş peyîvîn
(ambitransitive, vulgar, slang) To tell lies, exaggerate; to mislead; to deceive.

bum /bʌm/ n
qûn
(informal, _, or, _, childish, chiefly, Commonwealth) The buttocks.
(informal, _, or, _, childish, chiefly, Commonwealth) The anus.

bumblebee /ˈbʌmbl̩bi/ n
bivbivink
Any of several species of large bee in the genus Bombus.

bumfuck n
kun
(vulgar, _, slang, derogatory) An isolated place far removed from major cities.

bump /bʌmp/ [bɐm̥p] [bʌm̥p] n
qoqiz
A protuberance on a level surface.

bumpkin /ˈbʌmpkɪn/ n
gundi
A clumsy, unsophisticated person; a yokel.

bunch /bʌntʃ/ /bʌnt͡ʃ/ /bʌnʃ/ n
grûb
A group of similar things, either growing together, or in a cluster or clump, usually fastened together.
kom
An informal body of friends.
girfan
(geology, mining) An unusual concentration of ore in a lode or a small, discontinuous occurrence or patch of ore in the wallrock.
bûk
(smoking) An unfinished cigar, before the wrapper leaf is added.

bunch of fives n
nan
(British, slang) A punch; a blow with the fist.

bunion /ˈbʌnjən/ n
pîvaz
(pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin.

burden /ˈbɜːdn̩/ /ˈbɝdn̩/ n
bar
A heavy load.
lixwegirtîbûn
A responsibility, onus.

bureau /ˈbjʊ.ɹoʊ/ /ˈbjʊ.ɹə/ /ˈbjʊ.ɹəʊ/ n
دایره‌
An office (room where clerical or professional duties are performed).
(chiefly, British) A desk, usually with a cover and compartments that are located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath, and often used for storing papers.

burgeon /ˈbɜː.d͡ʒən/ /ˈbɝː.d͡ʒən/ n
bişkoj
(obsolete) A bud, sprout, shoot.

burglar /ˈbɜːɡlə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɝɡlɚ/ n
diz

burn /bɜːn/ /bɝn/ n
agir
The act of burning something with fire.
azar
(slang) An intense non-physical sting, as left by shame or an effective insult.
belût
(slang) An effective insult, often in the expression sick burn (excellent or badass insult).

burn /bɜːn/ /bɝn/ v
سوتان
(transitive) To cause to be consumed by fire.
hebûn
(transitive) To consume, damage, or change the condition of, as if by action of fire or heat; to affect as fire or heat does.
zêha kirin
(transitive) To waste (time); to waste money or other resources.

burner /ˈbɜːnə/ /ˈbɝnɚ/ n
agir
An element on a kitchen stove that generates localized heat for cooking.

burnish /ˈbɜːnɪʃ/ /ˈbɝnɪʃ/ v
biriqandin
To make (something, such as a surface) bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; to polish, to shine.

buro n
دایره‌
an office
a desk, usually with a cover and compartments for storing papers etc. located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath.

burr /bɝ/ n
şilaq
A small piece of material left on an edge after a cutting operation.

burrow /ˈbɜɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹəʊ/ n
zang
A tunnel or hole, often as dug by a small creature.

burrow /ˈbɜɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹəʊ/ v
هه‌ڵقه‌ندن
(intransitive) to dig a tunnel or hole

bury /ˈbeəɹiː/ /ˈbeɹiː/ /ˈbɚ.i/ /ˈbɛɹ.i/ /ˈbɜː.ɹi/ /ˈbʊ.ɹi/ /ˈbʌ.ɹi/ v
veşartin
(transitive, often, figurative) To hide or conceal as if by covering with earth or another substance.

bus shelter n
rawestgeh
A building or other structure constructed at a bus stop, to provide seating and protection from the weather for the convenience of waiting passengers.

bus stop n
rawestgeh
A place where public transport buses stop to allow passengers to board or leave.

bush /bʉʃ/ /bʊʃ/ n
devî
(horticulture) A woody plant distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, being usually less than six metres tall; a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category.
bexdenûs
(slang, vulgar) A person's pubic hair, especially a woman's.

business /ˈbɪd.nɪs/ /ˈbɪz.nəs/ /ˈbɪz.nəz/ /ˈbɪz.nɪs/ /ˈbɪz.nɪz/ n
fîrma
(countable) A specific commercial enterprise or establishment.
meslek
(countable) A person's occupation, work, or trade.

bust /ˈbʌst/ n
memik
A sculptural portrayal of a person's head and shoulders.

bust /ˈbʌst/ v
girtin
(transitive, slang) To arrest (someone) for a crime.

buster n
arbijî
(chiefly, colloquial, with 'of') Someone who or something that 'breaks', tames, or overpowers a specified person or thing.
dost
(colloquial, variously expressing familiarity, admiration, or hostility) A form of address, particularly of men: guy, dude, fella, mack, buddy, loser. (Originally as 'old buster.)

but /bət/ /bʊt/ /bʌt/ [bɐt] conjunction
lê
However, although, nevertheless, on the other hand (introducing a clause contrary to prior belief or in contrast with the preceding clause or sentence).
(obsolete) Except with; unless with; without.
din
Except that (introducing a subordinate clause which qualifies a negative statement); also, with omission of the subject of the subordinate clause, acting as a negative relative, "except one that", "except such that".
bila
(obsolete) Only; solely; merely.

butch /bʊt͡ʃ/ adj
nêr
(slang, originally, _, Polari) Very masculine, with a masculine appearance or attitude.

butcher /ˈbʊt͡ʃ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʊt͡ʃ.ɚ/ v
jêkirin
(transitive) To slaughter (animals) and prepare (meat) for market.

butchershop n
selexane
(chiefly, US) A store that sells meat.

buteo n
şahîn
Any of the broad-winged soaring raptors of the genus Buteo.

butt /bʊt/ /bʌt/ n
qûn
(slang) The whole buttocks and pelvic region that includes one's private parts.
boçik
(US) A crust end-piece of a loaf of bread.
(usually as "butt of (a) joke") A person at whom ridicule, jest, or contempt is directed.

butter /ˈbatə/ /ˈbʊtə/ /ˈbʌtə/ /ˈbʌtəɹ/ /ˈbʌtɚ/ [ˈbaɾa] [ˈbɐtʰə] [ˈbʌɾɚ] [ˈbʌʔɚ] n
[[که‌ره‌]]
A soft, fatty foodstuff made by churning the cream of milk (generally cow's milk).

butterfly /ˈbʌtə(ɹ)flaɪ/ [ˈbʌtəflaɪ] [ˈbʌɾɚflaɪ] n
pelatînk
A flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, distinguished from moths by their diurnal activity and generally brighter colouring. [from 11th c.]

butterfly knife n
pelatînk
A folding pocket knife with two handles counter-rotating around the tang such that, when closed, the blade is concealed within grooves in the handles.

butterfly stroke n
pelatînk
A swimming stroke in which the body is prone, the arms are moved in simultaneous circles, and the feet are kicked up and down.

butterfly valve n
pelatînk
A valve with a disk-shaped mechanism which can be used for isolating or regulating flow.

buttock /ˈbʌtək/ [ˈbɐtək] [ˈbəɾək] n
qûn
(usually, in the plural) Each of the two large fleshy halves of the posterior part of the body between the base of the back, the perineum and the top of the legs.

button /ˈbʌ.tən/ /ˈbʌt.n̩/ /ˈbʌʔ.n̩/ [ˈbʌʔ.tən] [ˈbʌʔ.tⁿn̩] n
bişkoj
A knob or disc that is passed through a loop or (buttonhole), serving as a fastener. [from mid-13th c.]
A mechanical device meant to be pressed with a finger in order to open or close an electric circuit or to activate a mechanism.
(graphical user interface) An on-screen control that can be selected as an activator of an attached function.
(botany) A bud.

buttonhole n
xanî
A hole through which a button is pushed to secure a garment or some part of one.
(attributive) So shaped that it can be worn on a buttonhole or it is similar to a buttonhole.
(chiefly, British) A flower worn in a buttonhole for decoration.

buy /baɪ/ v
kirrîn
(transitive, archaic) To suffer consequences for (something) through being deprived of something; to pay for (something one has done).

buy into v
meşîn
(idiomatic) To believe; to accept a craze or fad as valid.

buyer /ˈbaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈbaɪ.ɚ/ n
bikir
A person who makes one or more purchases.

buzz /bʌz/ n
coş
(informal) A rush or feeling of energy or excitement; a feeling of slight intoxication.
dengo
(informal) Major topic of conversation; widespread rumor; information spread behind the scenes.

buzzard /ˈbʌzəɹd/ n
şahîn
Any of several Old World birds of prey of the genus Buteo with broad wings and a broad tail.

by /baɪ/ preposition
ji alî
Near or next to.
Not later than (the given time); not later than the end of (the given time interval).
Indicates the creator of a work: Existing through the authorship etc. of.
(with, the) Acted on in units of the specified size or measure. (Sometimes hyperbolically)

by heart /baɪ ˈhɑɹt/ /baɪ ˈhɑːt/
ezber

by means of preposition
bi rêya
By using (an object or an approach).

by oneself
xwe
Alone; without assistance or help from others.
tenê
Alone, without another's immediate company.

by the way
wekî din jî
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Incidentally; used in referencing a parenthetical statement not timely, central, or crucial to the topic at hand; foregone, passed by, something that has already happened.

bye /baɪ/ interjection
adio
(colloquial) Goodbye.

bye-bye /baɪˈbaɪ/ /bəˈbaɪ/ /ˈbaɪbaɪ/ n
roj
(colloquial, often, childish) A goodbye.

byname n
paşnav
(archaic, historical) A secondary name for a person or thing; a person's surname.

bystander /ˈbaɪˌstænd.ə(ɹ)/ n
bi
A person who, although present at some event, does not take part in it; an observer, witness, or spectator.

cabbage /ˈkæbɪd͡ʒ/ n
kelem
(uncountable) The leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable.
(uncountable, slang) Money.
hêşînahî
(countable, offensive) A person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage.

cack /kæk/ n
گوو
Excrement.
Rubbish.

cactus /ˈkæktəs/ /ˈkæktʌs/ n
kaktûs
(botany) Any member of the family Cactaceae, a family of flowering New World succulent plants suited to a hot, semi-desert climate.

cadaver /kəˈdeɪ.və(ɹ)/ /kəˈdæv.ə(ɹ)/ /kəˈdævɚ/ /kəˈdɑːv.ə(ɹ)/ n
ekîb
(literary, medicine) A dead body; especially the corpse of a human to be dissected.

caddie /ˈkædi/ /ˈkɑdi/ [-ɾi] n
qazî
(by extension, golf, also, attributively) A person hired to assist a golfer by carrying their golf clubs and providing advice.

cadmium /ˈkædmiəm/ n
kadmiyûm
A chemical element (symbol Cd) with an atomic number of 48: a soft, silvery-white metal.

caecum /ˈsiː.kəm/ n
kor
(anatomy) A cavity open at one end (such as the blind end of a duct), especially a blind pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum and the colon.

caesium /ˈsiːzi.əm/ n
sezyûm
The chemical element (symbol Cs) with an atomic number of 55. It is a soft, gold-colored, highly reactive alkali metal.

café /ˈkæfeɪ/ /ˌkæˈfeɪ/ n
qawe
A coffee shop; an establishment selling coffee and sometimes other non-alcoholic beverages, simple meals or snacks, with a facility to consume them on the premises.

cage /keɪd͡ʒ/ n
qefes
An enclosure made of bars, normally to hold animals.

caique /kaɪˈiːk/ /kɑːˈiːk/ n
qayîk
(nautical) A small wooden trading vessel, brightly painted and rigged for sail, traditionally used for fishing and trawling.

cake /keɪk/ [ˈk̟ʰeɪ̯k̚] n
gato
A rich, sweet dessert food, typically made of flour, sugar, and eggs and baked in an oven, and often covered in icing.

calabash /ˈkaləbaʃ/ /ˈkæləˌbæʃ/ n
kulindê avî
The bottle gourd (calabash vine, Lagenaria siceraria), believed to have originated in Africa, which is grown for its fruit that are used as a vegetable and to make containers (sense 3); the fruit of this plant.
kundirê avê
A container made from the mature, dried shell of the fruit of one of the above plants; also, a similarly shaped container made from some other material.

calamity /kəˈlæmɪti/ n
bela
An event resulting in great loss.
The distress that results from some disaster.

calcium /ˈkæl.ʃəm/ /ˈkælsi.əm/ n
kalsiyûm
The chemical element (Symbol Ca), with an atomic number 20. It is a soft, silvery-white alkaline earth metal which occurs naturally as carbonate in limestone and as silicate in many rocks.

calculation /kælkjuˈleɪʃən/ /kælkjəˈleɪʃən/ /kælkjəˈlæɪʃən/ n
encam
(mathematics, countable) The result of calculating.
arîtmetîk
(countable) Reckoning, estimate.
(countable) An expectation based on circumstances.

calculator /kæl.kjə.leɪ.tɚ/ /ˈkæl.kjə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/ [ˈkʰæɫ.kjəˌleɪ̯.ɾɚ] n
pêjimêrk
A mechanical or electronic device that performs mathematical calculations.

calculus /ˈkæl.kjə.ləs/ /ˈkæl.kjʊ.ləs/ n
matematîk
(uncountable, often, definite, the calculus) Differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject; analysis.
kevir
(countable, medicine) A stony concretion that forms in a bodily organ.

calendar /ˈkæl.ən.də/ /ˈkæl.ən.dɚ/ [ˈkʰæl.(ə)n.dɚ] n
salname
Any system by which time is divided into days, weeks, months, and years.
A means to determine the date consisting of a document containing dates and other temporal information.
A list of planned events.

calendar year n
sal
The length of time between the beginning and end of a year as marked on a calendar, such as from 0:00 January 1 to 24:00 December 31 in the Gregorian calendar.

calf /kaf/ /keɪf/ /kæf/ /kɐːf/ /kɑːf/ n
golik
A young cow or bull.

caliber /ˈkæl.ə.bə(ɹ)/ /ˈkæl.ə.bɚ/ /ˈkæl.ɪ.bə(ɹ)/ /ˈkæl.ɪ.bɚ/ n
tîre
Unit of measure used to express the length of the bore of a weapon. The number of calibres is determined by dividing the length of the bore of the weapon, from the breech face of the tube to the muzzle, by the diameter of its bore. A gun tube the bore of which is 40 feet (480 inches) long and 12 inches in diameter is said to be 40 calibers long.

californium /ˌkælɪˈfɔɹniəm/ /ˌkælɪˈfɔːniəm/ n
kaliforniyûm
A strongly radioactive and highly fissile transuranic chemical element (symbol Cf) with an atomic number of 98.

caliph /ˈkeɪlɪf/ /ˈkælɪf/ n
xelîfe
Monarchical title based on claim to be a successor of Muhammad.

call /koːl/ /kɑl/ /kɔl/ /kɔːl/ [kʰoɫ] [kʰɑɫ] [kʰɔɫ] n
bangewazî
A telephone conversation; a phone call.
قیژه
A cry or shout.

call /koːl/ /kɑl/ /kɔl/ /kɔːl/ [kʰoɫ] [kʰɑɫ] [kʰɔɫ] v
lê gerrîn
(ambitransitive) To contact by telephone.
(intransitive) To request, summon, or beckon.
داواکردن
To come to pass; to afflict.
gotin
To state, or estimate, approximately or loosely; to characterize without strict regard to fact.

call for v
pirsîn
To ask for in a loud voice.
(figuratively) To request, demand.
To necessitate, demand; to make appropriate

call it quits v
girtin
To conclude; to quit or stop an activity, especially after applying oneself to it for a significant period of time.

call to prayer n
azan
A public proclamation made five times a day in Muslim societies, broadcast from the mosques, to mark out the ordained occasions for worship.

caller /ˈkɑlɚ/ /ˈkɔlɚ/ /ˈkɔːlə/ n
telefonker
(telephony) The person who makes a telephone call.

calling /ˈkɑlɪŋ/ /ˈkɔlɪŋ/ /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/ [kʰolɪŋ] [kʰɑlɪŋ] [kʰɔlɪŋ] n
meslek
A job or occupation.

callous /ˈkæləs/ adj
req
(figurative) Emotionally hardened; unfeeling and indifferent to the suffering/feelings of others.

callow /ˈkaləʊ/ /ˈkæloʊ/ adj
kesk
(by extension) Immature, lacking in life experience.

calm /kam/ /kaɹm/ /kaːm/ /kæm/ /kɑlm/ /kɑm/ /kɑːm/ /kɔlm/ [kʰa(ː)m] [kʰäː(ɫ)m] [kʰɐːm] [kʰɑːm] [kʰɒː(ɫ)m] v
hedinîn
(intransitive) To become calm.

camaraderie /ˌkæm(ə)ˈɹɑdəɹi/ /ˌkæməˈɹædəɹi/ /ˌkæməˈɹɑːdəɹi/ /ˌkɑm(ə)ˈɹɑdəɹi/ n
[[دۆستایه‌تی]]
Close friendship in a group of friends or teammates.

camel /ˈkæməl/ n
hêştir deve
A beast of burden, much used in desert areas, of the genus Camelus.

camomile /ˈkæ.məˌmaɪl/ /ˈkæ.məˌmil/ n
beybûn
Any of several other similar plants. (See below)

camomile tea n
beybûn
A beverage made by infusing the leaves of the camomile plant (either Matricaria recutita or Chamaemelum nobile) in hot water.

campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ /kəmˈpeɪn/ n
çol
A series of operations undertaken to achieve a set goal.

campfire /ˈkæmpˌfaɪ̯ɚ/ [ˈkʰɛə̯mpˌfaɪ̯ɚ] n
agir
A fire at a campground or on a camping trip, often used for cooking, to provide light and heat, to drive away bugs, and as a focal point for sitting around in the evening and talking, telling stories, and singing.

campus /ˈkæmpəs/ /ˈkæmpʊs/ n
wargeh
The grounds or property of a school, college, university, business, church, or hospital, often understood to include buildings and other structures.

can /ˈkæn/ /ˈkæːn/ [ˈkeən] n
elbik
A more or less cylindrical and often metal container or vessel.
xwînborî
(US, slang) a toilet or lavatory.
qûn
(US, slang) Buttocks.

can /kən/ /ˈkæn/ /ˈkɛn/ [kʰn̩] [kʰən] [ˈkʰan] [ˈkʰæn] [ˈkʰɛən ~ ˈkʰeən] [ˈkʰɛːn] [ˈkʰɛˑn] v
karîn
(auxiliary, _, verb, defective) To know how to; to be able to.
(modal, _, auxiliary, _, verb, defective, informal) May; to be permitted or enabled to.

can /ˈkæn/ /ˈkæːn/ [ˈkeən] v
avêtin
(transitive) To discard, scrap or terminate (an idea, project, etc.).

canal /kəˈnæl/ /kəˈnɛl/ n
cog
An artificial waterway or artificially improved river used for travel, shipping, or irrigation.

canapé n
qenepe
An hors d’oeuvre, a bite-sized open-faced sandwich made of thin bread or toast topped with savory garnish.
A piece of furniture similar to a couch or settee, an elegant sofa.

cancer /ˈkænsə/ /ˈkænsɚ/ /ˈkæːnsə/ n
şêrpence
(medicine, oncology, disease) A disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation.

candelabrum /kændɪˈleɪbɹəm/ /kændɪˈlɑːbɹəm/ /ˌkæn.dl̩ˈæ.bɹəm/ /ˌkæn.dl̩ˈɑ.bɹəm/ n
findank
A candle holder.

candle /ˈkændl̩/ /ˈkændəl/ n
mom
A light source consisting of a wick embedded in a solid, flammable substance such as wax, tallow, or paraffin.

candleholder n
findank
A device for holding one or more lit candles

candlestick /ˈkændl̩ˌstɪk/ /ˈkændəlˌstɪk/ n
findank
A holder with a socket or spike for a candle.

candor /ˈkæn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈkæn.dɚ/ [ˈkɛːn.də(ɹ)] n
samimiyet
The state of being sincere and open in speech; honesty in expression. [from c. 1600]

candy /ˈkændi/ n
şekir
(countable, chiefly, North America, Philippines) A piece of confectionery of this kind.

candy floss /ˈkændi ˌflɒs/ n
pirça kiçka
(UK, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia) Heated sugar spun into thin threads and collected into a mass, usually on a stick.

cane /keɪn/ n
qamîş
(uncountable) The plant itself, including many species in the grass family Gramineae; a reed
(uncountable) The slender, flexible main stem of a plant such as bamboo, including many species in the grass family Gramineae

canine /kəˈnaɪn/ /ˈkeɪnaɪn/ /ˈkeɪˌnaɪn/ /ˈkænaɪn/ adj
kûçik
Of, or pertaining to, a dog or dogs.

canine /kəˈnaɪn/ /ˈkeɪnaɪn/ /ˈkeɪˌnaɪn/ /ˈkænaɪn/ n
kûçik
(formal) Any of certain extant canids regarded as similar to the dog or wolf (including coyotes, jackals, etc.) but distinguished from the vulpines, which are regarded as fox-like.

canine tooth n
diranê tûj
One of the pointed teeth behind the incisors and in front of the premolar teeth.

cannabis /ˈkænəbɪs/ n
kendir
A mildly euphoriant or sedating, intoxicating hallucinogenic drug prepared from various parts of this plant.

canned /kænd/ adj
ته‌نه‌که‌
Preserved in cans.

cannonball /ˈkænənˌbɔːl/ n
bombe
(diving) The act of jumping (typically into a swimming pool) with the legs bent and the arms wrapped around the knees to create a large splash, mimicking the flight and shape of a cannonball.

canoe /kəˈnuː/ n
qayîk
A small long and narrow boat, propelled by one or more people (depending on the size of canoe), using single-bladed paddles. The paddlers face in the direction of travel, in either a seated position, or kneeling on the bottom of the boat. Canoes are open on top, and pointed at both ends.

canopy /ˈkæ.nə.pi/ n
ئاسمان
A high cover providing shelter, such as a cloth supported above an object, particularly over a bed.

cant /kænt/ n
şaşziman
(countable) An argot, the jargon of a particular class or subgroup.

cantankerous /kænˈtæŋkəɹəs/ /kənˈtæŋkəɹəs/ adj
bêcir
Given to or marked by an ill-tempered, quarrelsome nature; ill-tempered, cranky, crabby.

canto /ˈkæntoʊ/ /ˈkæntəʊ/ n
stran
One of the chief divisions of a long poem; a book.

cap /kæp/ [kʰæp] n
kelaw
An academic mortarboard.
The top part of a mushroom.
(nautical) A collar of iron or wood used in joining spars, as the mast and the topmast, the bowsprit and the jib boom; also, a covering of tarred canvas at the end of a rope.

capacitor /kəˈpæ.sə.ɾɚ/ /kəˈpæ.sɪ.tə/ n
kondansator
(electronics) An electronic component capable of storing electrical energy in an electric field; especially one consisting of two conductors separated by a dielectric.

capacity /kəˈpæsɪti/ n
behre
Capability; the ability to perform some task

cape /keɪp/ n
difin
(geography) A piece or point of land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into a sea or lake; a promontory; a headland.

capital /ˈkæpɪtəl/ [ˈkʰæp.ɪ.ɾɫ̩] adj
cezayê mirinê
(crime) Punishable by, or involving punishment by, death.

capital /ˈkæpɪtəl/ [ˈkʰæp.ɪ.ɾɫ̩] n
sermaye
(uncountable, business, finance, insurance) Money and wealth. The means to acquire goods and services, especially in a non-barter system.

capital city /ˌkæpɪtəl ˈsɪti/ n
paytext
A city (or cities) much larger or more important to a country than all others, regardless of the actual seat of government (cf., Moscow and Saint Petersburg regardless of moves of the Russian government; Amsterdam despite the Dutch government having been situated in The Hague since 1588).

capital letter n
mezin

capital punishment n
cezayê mirinê
The practice of putting a person to death as a punishment for a crime.

capitalism /ˈkapɪt(ə)lɪz(ə)m/ /ˈkæpɪ̈tl̩ˌɪzm̩/ n
kapîtalîzm
(politics, economic liberalism) A socio-economic system based on private property rights, including the private ownership of resources or capital, with economic decisions made largely through the operation of a market unregulated by the state.

capitulate /kəˈpɪ.tjʊ.leɪt/ /kəˈpɪ.t͡ʃə.leɪt/ /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jə.leɪt/ /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jʊ.leɪt/ v
vegerandin
(intransitive) To surrender; to end all resistance, to give up; to go along with or comply.

caprid /ˈkæpɹɪd/ n
bizin

capsicum /ˈkæpsɪkəm/ n
îsot
Any of several tropical American plants, of the genus Capsicum, principally the species Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens, that are cultivated as edible peppers.

captious /ˈkæpʃəs/ adj
dab
(obsolete) That captures; especially, (of an argument, words etc.) designed to capture or entrap in misleading arguments; sophistical.

captive /ˈkæptɪv/ n
bendî
One held prisoner.
A captive insurance company, a subsidiary of a company used as its internal insurer.

capture /ˈkæp.t͡ʃə/ /ˈkæp.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈkæp.ʃə/ /ˈkæp.ʃɚ/ v
girtin
(transitive) To remove or take control of an opponent’s piece in a game (e.g., chess, go, checkers).

car /kɑɹ/ /kɑː/ [kʰaː] [kʰäɾ] n
otomobîl
A wheeled vehicle that moves independently, with at least three wheels, powered mechanically, steered by a driver and mostly for personal transportation.

caracal /ˈkeɚ.əˌkæl/ /ˈkæ.ɹəˌkæl/ /ˈkæɹ.əˌkæl/ /ˈkɛɚ.əˌkæl/ n
werşeq
A type of cat native to Southern Africa, West Asia, and parts of Central and South Asia, Caracal caracal.

caramel /ˈkarəm(ə)l/ /ˈkarəmɛl/ /ˈkerəˌmel/ /ˈkæɹ.ə.məl/ /ˈkæɹ.ə.mɛl/ /ˈkɑrməl/ /ˈkɑɹ.məl/ /ˈkɑɹ.ə.məl/ /ˈkɑɹ.ə.mɛl/ /ˈkɛɹ.ə.məl/ /ˈkɛɹ.ə.mɛl/ n
şekir
(countable) A (sometimes hardened) piece of this confection.

caravan /kaɾəˈvan/ /ˈkæɹəvæn/ n
کاروان
A convoy or procession of travellers, their cargo and vehicles, and any pack animals, especially camels crossing a desert.

caravel /ˈkæɹəvɛl/ /ˈkɛ-/ /ˌkæɹəˈvɛl/ n
karavel
(nautical, historical) A light, usually lateen-rigged sailing ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish for about 300 years from the 15th century, first for trade and later for voyages of exploration.

caraway /ˈkæɹəˌweɪ/ /ˈkɛɹəˌweɪ/ n
jaj
The seed-like fruit of the caraway plant.

carbon /ˈkɑɹ.bən/ /ˈkɑːbən/ n
karbon
(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material.

carbon dioxide /ˈˌkɑrbən daɪˈɑksaɪd/ /ˌkɑːbən dʌɪˈɒksʌɪd/ n
karbondîoksît
(inorganic compound) The normal oxide of carbon, CO₂; a colorless, odorless gas formed during respiration and combustion and consumed by plants during photosynthesis.

carcass /ˈkɑɹkəs/ /ˈkɑːkəs/ n
berate
The body of a dead animal.
The body of a dead human, a corpse.
kakût
The framework of a structure, especially one not normally seen.

card /kaːd/ /kɐːd/ /kɑɹd/ /kɑːd/ [kʰäːd] [kʰɐːd] [kʰɑɹd] [kʰɑːd] v
gan
(textiles) To use a carding device to disentangle the fibres of wool prior to spinning.

cardiac muscle n
dilemasûlke
(anatomy, cardiology) The striated and involuntary muscle of the vertebrate heart.

cardinal /ˈkɑɹdnəl/ /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl/ /ˈkɑː.dɪ.nəl/ /ˈkɑːd.nəl/ adj
girîng
Of fundamental importance; crucial, pivotal.
sade
Describing a "natural" number used to indicate quantity (e.g., zero, one, two, three), as opposed to an ordinal number indicating relative position.

cardinal /ˈkɑɹdnəl/ /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl/ /ˈkɑː.dɪ.nəl/ /ˈkɑːd.nəl/ n
sade
(math) Short for cardinal number, a number indicating quantity, or the size of a set (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3). (See Cardinal_number.)

cardinal number n
sade
A number used to denote quantity; a counting number; a cardinal.
(mathematics) A generalized kind of number used to denote the size of a set, including infinite sets.

cardinal numeral /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl ˈnumɜɹəl/ /ˈkɑːdɪnəl ˈnjuːməɹəl/ n
sade
(grammar) A word used to represent a cardinal number.

care /keː/ /kɛə/ /kɛɚ/ /kɪə(ɹ)/ [kʰe(ə̯)ɻ] [kʰɛ(ə̯)ɻ] n
hesab
Close attention; concern; responsibility.
dilrencî
(countable, uncountable) Worry.

care of preposition
bal
(mail) For distribution by (the named intermediary).

career /kəˈɹɪə/ /kəˈɹɪɹ/ n
hokar
One's calling in life; a person's occupation; one's profession.

careerism n
kariyerîzm
(derogatory) The overwhelming desire or urge to advance one's own career or social status, usually at the expense of other personal interests, social growth, or ethics.
(chiefly, US) The perception that being a member of the military is a career, rather than an obligation to serve one's country.

carefree /kɛɹˈfɹi/ /ˈkɛəfɹiː/ adj
bêendîşe
Without cares or worries; free of concern or worries; without difficulty.

careful /ˈkɛ(ə)ɹfəl/ /ˈkɛːfəl/ adj
aqildar
Conscientious and painstaking; meticulous.

caress /kəˈɹɛs/ v
mist dan
(transitive) To touch or kiss lovingly; to fondle.

caretaker /ˈkɛəˌteɪ.kə/ /ˈkɛɹˌteɪ.kɚ/ adj
gard
(chiefly, UK) Temporary, on a short term basis.

caretaker /ˈkɛəˌteɪ.kə/ /ˈkɛɹˌteɪ.kɚ/ n
gard
Someone who takes care of a place or thing; someone looking after a place, or responsible for keeping it in good repair.
(mainly North American) Someone who takes care of a person; a caregiver (UK) parent, carer or other guardian.

cargo /ˈkɑɹɡoʊ/ /ˈkɑːɡəʊ/ n
bar
Freight carried by a ship, aircraft, or motor vehicle.

caricature /kəˈɹɪkət͡ʃɚ/ /kəˈɹɪkət͡ʃʊɚ/ /ˈkæɹɪkətʃə/ /ˈkæɹɪkətʃʊə/ /ˈkɛɹɪkət͡ʃɚ/ /ˈkɛɹɪkət͡ʃʊɚ/ adj
xêzik
Having the characteristics of a caricature, grotesque.

carnassial /kəˈnɑːsɪəl/ n
diran
One of the teeth used by a carnivore for shearing flesh, being the last upper premolar and the first lower molar.

carnivore /ˈkaː.nɪ.voː/ /ˈkɑɹ.nɪ.vɔɹ/ /ˈkɑː.nɪ.vɔː/ n
goştxur
An organism that feeds chiefly on animals; an animal that feeds on meat as the main part of its diet.

carp /ˈkɑɹp/ /ˈkɑːp/ n
masîpank
Any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae; specifically the common carp, Cyprinus carpio.

carpenter /ˈkɑɹpəntɚ/ /ˈkɑː.pən.tə/ n
necarr
A person skilled at carpentry, the trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures.
(nautical) A senior rating in ships responsible for all the woodwork onboard; in the days of sail, a warrant officer responsible for the hull, masts, spars and boats of a ship, and whose responsibility was to sound the well to see if the ship was making water.
(zoology) A carpenter bee.

carpet /ˈkɑɹpət/ /ˈkɑː(ɹ)pɪt/ n
فه‌رش
A fabric used as a complete floor covering.
mafir
(figuratively) Any surface or cover resembling a carpet or fulfilling its function.

carriage /ˈkæɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɛɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
erebe
A (mostly four-wheeled) lighter vehicle chiefly designed to transport people, generally drawn by horse power.
diwêrê
The part of a typewriter supporting the paper.

carrion /ˈkæ.ɹɪ.ən/ /ˈkæɹ.ən/ /ˈkɛ.ɹi.ən/ n
berate
Rotting flesh of a dead animal or person.

carrot /ˈkæɹ.ət/ /ˈkɛɹ.ət/ n
gêzer
A vegetable with a nutritious, juicy, sweet root that is often orange in colour, Daucus carota, especially the subspecies sativus in the family Apiaceae.

carry on /ˈkæɹi ˈɑn/ v
dewam kirin
girtin
(idiomatic, transitive) To take baggage or luggage onto an airplane, rather than check it.

carry out /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ /ˈkɛɹ.i aʊt/ v
[[بردن به‌ڕێوه‌]]
(transitive) To execute or perform; to put into operation; to do.

cart /kɑɹt/ /kɑːt/ n
diwêrê
A small, open, wheeled vehicle, drawn or pushed by a person or animal, more often used for transporting goods than passengers.

cartilage /ˈkɑɹ.təl.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑɹt.lɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑː.tɪl.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑːt.lɪd͡ʒ/ n
kirkirag
(skeleton, uncountable) A usually translucent and somewhat elastic, dense, nonvascular connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints. It composes most of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos, being replaced by bone during ossification in the higher vertebrates.

cartographer n
kartograf
One who makes maps or charts.

cartoon /kɑɹˈtuːn/ /kɑːˈtuːn/ n
xêzik
(comics) A drawing satirising current public figures.

cartridge /ˈkɑɹtɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑːtɹɪdʒ/ n
şane
(firearms) The package consisting of the bullet, primer, and casing containing gunpowder; a round of ammunition.

cartwheel /ˈkɑɹtˌwil/ /ˈkɑːtˌwiːl/ n
stêrk
A gymnastic maneuver whereby the gymnast rotates to one side or the other while keeping arms and legs outstretched, spinning for one or more revolutions.

carving /ˈkɑɹvɪŋ/ /ˈkɑːvɪŋ/ n
heykel
The act or craft of producing a carved object.

case /keɪs/ n
جانتا
A suitcase.
xanî
The outer covering or framework of a piece of apparatus such as a computer.

cash /kæʃ/ n
dirav
(uncountable) Money in the form of notes/bills and coins, as opposed to cheques/checks or electronic transactions.

casino /kæˈsinoʊ/ /kəˈsinoʊ/ n
qumarxane
A public building or room for gambling.

cask /kæsk/ /kɑːsk/ n
bermîl
A large barrel for the storage of liquid, especially of alcoholic drinks. (See a diagram of cask sizes.)

cassation /kæˈseɪʃən/ n
cudahî
The abrogation of a law by a higher authority; annulment.

cast /kast/ /kæst/ /kɑːst/ v
avêtin
To direct (one's eyes, gaze etc.). [from 13th c.]
To turn (the balance or scale); to overbalance; hence, to make preponderate; to decide.
To perform, bring forth (a magical spell or enchantment).
(Wicca) To open a circle in order to begin a spell or meeting of witches.
dan
(transitive) To assign a role in a play or performance to (an actor).

cast off v
girtin
(intransitive, knitting) To finish the last row of knitted stitches and remove them securely from the needle.

castle /kæsl̩/ /kɑːsl̩/ /ˈkæsəl/ /ˈkɑːsəl/ n
birc kel
A large residential building or compound that is fortified and contains many defences; in previous ages often inhabited by a nobleman or king. Also, a house or mansion with some of the architectural features of medieval castles.

casual /-uːæl/ /ˈkazjuːəl/ /ˈkaʒ(uː)əl/ /ˈkaʒjuːəl/ /ˈkæʒ(u)əl/ /ˈkæʒwəl/ /ˈkɛʒ(ʉː)əl/ adj
rehetî
(of clothing or utensils) Designed for informal or everyday use.

cat /kat/ /kæt/ [kʰæt] [kʰæt̚] n
pisîk
An animal of the family Felidae:
Any similar animal of the family Felidae, which includes lions, tigers, bobcats, leopards, cougars, cheetahs, caracals, lynxes, and other such non-domesticated species.
pisîk pisîng
A domesticated species (Felis catus) of feline animal, commonly kept as a house pet. [from 8thc.]

cat meat n
pisîk
Cat eaten as meat.

cat-o'-nine-tails n
qarmîçe
(nautical) A scourge (multi-tail whip) having nine, often knotted, whipcords, formerly used for flogging as naval punishment.

catalogue /ˈkæt.əˌlɑɡ/ /ˈkæt.əˌlɒɡ/ /ˈkæt.əˌlɔɡ/ n
katalog
A systematic list of books, names, pictures, etc.
(computing, dated) A directory listing.
(music) A complete list of a recording artist's or a composer's songs.

catalysis /kəˈtæləsɪs/ n
katalîz
(chemistry) The increase of the rate of a chemical reaction, induced by a catalyst.

catalyst /ˈkæt.ə.lɪst/ /ˈkæt.əl.ɪst/ n
katalîzor
(chemistry) A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

catalyzer n
katalîzor
(American spelling, Canadian spelling) That which catalyzes.

catapult /ˈkæ.tə.pʌlt/ n
katapult
A device or weapon for throwing or launching large objects.

catarrh /kəˈtɑɹ/ n
nezle
(medicine) Inflammation of a mucous membrane.

catch /kæt͡ʃ/ /kɑt͡ʃ/ /kɛt͡ʃ/ v
girtin
(transitive) To capture or snare (someone or something which would rather escape). [from 13thc.]
(transitive, now, rare) To seize (an opportunity) when it occurs. [from 16thc.]
(transitive, informal) To take in; to watch or listen to (an entertainment). [from 20thc.]

catch up v
girtin
(transitive) To pick up suddenly.

catfish /ˈkætfɪʃ/ n
pexş
The meat of such a fish, popular in the Southern U.S. and Central Europe.

cation /ˈkætˌaɪ.ɑn/ /ˈkætˌaɪ.ən/ n
katyon

catmeat n
pisîk
The meat of a cat used as food.

catshark n
pisîk
Any of the sharks in the family Scyliorhinidae

cattle /ˈkætəl/ [ˈkʰæt(ə)ɫ] [ˈkʰæɾ(ə)ɫ] n
ga
(pejorative, figuratively) People who resemble domesticated bovine animals in behavior or destiny.

cattle egret n
teyrikê garanê
A small egret, Bubulcus ibis, of the heron family (Ardeidae)

cauldron /ˈkɔːl.dɹən/ /ˈkəʊl.dɹən/ n
qazan
A large bowl-shaped pot used for boiling over an open flame.

cauliflower /ˈkɑl.ɪˌflaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈkɒl.i.flaʊ.ə/ /ˈkɒl.ɪ.flaʊ.ə/ /ˈkɔl.ɪˌflaʊ.ɚ/ n
gulkelem
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, an annual variety of cabbage, of which the cluster of young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable.
The edible head or curd of a cauliflower plant.

cause /kɔz/ /kɔːz/ /ˈkɑz/ [kʰoːz̥] [kʰɒːz̥] n
هۆ
(countable, often with of, typically of adverse results) The source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result.

cause /kɔz/ /kɔːz/ /ˈkɑz/ [kʰoːz̥] [kʰɒːz̥] v
jê avêtin
(transitive) To set off an event or action.

caution /ˈkɑʃ(ə)n/ /ˈkɔʃ(ə)n/ /ˈkɔːʃ(ə)n/ n
hesab
A careful attention to the probable effects of an act, in order that failure or harm may be avoided.
derhûd
Security; guaranty; bail.

cautionary tale n
ders
A story, originally told in folklore, to warn its audience of a certain danger.

cautious /ˈkɔːʃəs/ adj
bisemt
Using or exercising caution; careful; tentative

cavalier /ˌkævəˈlɪɚ/ adj
siwar
Not caring enough about something important.
Supercilious.

cavalier /ˌkævəˈlɪɚ/ n
siwar
(historical) A military man serving on horse, (chiefly) early modern cavalry officers who had abandoned the heavy armor of medieval knights.
(historical) A gallant: a sprightly young dashing military man.

cavalryman n
siwar
A soldier in the cavalry.

cave /keɪv/ n
zang
A large, naturally-occurring cavity formed underground or in the face of a cliff or a hillside.

caveat /-æt/ /ˈkeɪ-/ /ˈkæviɑt/ /ˈkævɪæt/ n
hişyarî
A warning.

cavern /ˈkav.n̩/ /ˈkav.ən/ /ˈkæv.ɚn/ /ˈkæv.ɹən/ n
qefa
A large cave.

cease /siːs/ v
girtin
(formal, intransitive) To stop.
(formal, transitive) To stop doing (something).

cease-fire n
çeksekinandin
In warfare, an agreed end to hostilities for a specific purpose. (Typically only temporary).

celebration /ˌsɛləˈbɹeɪʃən/ /ˌsɛlɪˈbɹeɪʃən/ /ˌsɛlˈbɹeɪʃən/ n
cejn
The formal performance of a solemn rite, such as Christian sacrament.
A social gathering for entertainment and fun; a party.

celebrity /səˈlɛbɹɪti/ /sɪˈlɛbɹɪti/ n
dengdar
A person who has a high degree of recognition by the general population for his or her success or accomplishments; a famous person. [from 19th c.]

celerity /sɪˈlɛɹɪti/ n
lez
Speed, swiftness.

celery /ˈsɛl.ə.ɹi/ /ˈsɛl.ɚ.i/ n
kerefs
A European herb (Apium graveolens) of the carrot family.
kêrefiz
(uncountable) The stalks of this herb eaten as a vegetable.

celestial /səˈlɛs.ti.əl/ /səˈlɛs.t͡ʃəl/ adj
asîmanî
of or related to Heaven and the divine.
Relating to the sky or outer space, regarded as the realm of the sun, moon, planets, and stars.

celestial equator n
ekwatora ezmên
(astronomy) A great circle on the celestial sphere, coincident with the plane of earth's Equator.

celibacy /ˈsɛləbəsi/ n
bêkarî
Abstaining from marriage; the state of being unmarried.
(by extension) Abstinence from sexual relations.

cell /sɛl/ n
bêtêlk
(US, NZ, AU, Philippines, informal) A cellular phone.
xane
A room in a prison or jail for one or more inmates. [from 18th c.]
(biology) The basic unit of a living organism, consisting of a quantity of protoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane, which is able to synthesize proteins and replicate itself. [from 19th c.]
şane
(biology, now, chiefly, botany) Any of various chambers in a tissue or organism having specific functions. [from 14th c.]
(obsolete) Specifically, any of the supposed compartments of the brain, formerly thought to be the source of specific mental capacities, knowledge, or memories. [14th–19th c.]
A device which stores electrical power; used either singly or together in batteries; the basic unit of a battery. [from 19th c.]
A small group of people forming part of a larger organization, often an outlawed one. [from 20th c.]
(entomology) An area of an insect wing bounded by veins.

cellar /ˈsɛlə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɛlɚ/ n
bodrûm
An enclosed underground space, often under a building, used for storage or shelter.
dûv
(slang) Last place in a league or competition.

cellulose /ˈsɛljʊləʊz/ n
seluloz
A complex carbohydrate that forms the main constituent of the cell wall in most plants and is important in the manufacture of numerous products, such as paper, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and explosives.

cent /sɛnt/ n
sed
(money) A subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries. Symbol: ¢.

centennial /sɛnˈtɛnɪəl/ n
سه‌ده‌
The hundredth anniversary of an event or happening.

center /ˈsɛn.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɛn.tɚ/ [ˈsɛɾ̃ɚ] [ˈsɪɾ̃ɚ] n
nawend
(geometry) The point in the interior of any figure of any number of dimensions that has as its coordinates the arithmetic mean of the coordinates of all points on the perimeter of the figure (or of all points in the interior for a center of volume).
A place, especially a building or complex, set aside for some specified function or activity.
(engineering) A conical recess or indentation in the end of a shaft or other work, to receive the point of a center, on which the work can turn, as in a lathe.

centimetre /ˈsɑ̃.-/ /ˈsɒn.-/ /ˈsɛn.tɪ.miː.tə/ n
sentîmetre
(British spelling, Canadian spelling) (metrology) An SI unit of length equal to 10−2 metres. Symbol: cm

central /ˈsɛntɹəl/ adj
nav
Being in the centre.

central business district n
navend
The central area of a city in which there is a concentration of certain retail and business activities, especially in older cities with rail transportation.

centralism n
centrallty
A system that centralizes, especially an administration of some kind.

century /ˈsɛn(t)ʃ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈsɛnt͡ʃɹi/ /ˈsɛnt͡ʃʊɹi/ n
sedsal
A period of 100 consecutive years; often specifically a numbered period with conventional start and end dates, e.g., the twentieth century, which stretches from (strictly) 1901 through 2000, or (informally) 1900 through 1999. The first century AD was from 1 to 100.

cereal /ˈsɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ /ˈsɪɚ.i.əl/ [ˈsiːɹiəl] n
dexl
(countable) A type of grass (such as wheat, rice or oats) cultivated for its edible grains.

cerebellum /ˌsɛ.ɹɪˈbɛl.əm/ /ˌsɛɹ.əˈbɛl.əm/ n
mejîk
(neuroanatomy) Part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. In humans it lies between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum and is formed of two lateral lobes and a median lobe. It plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance and posture.

cerebrum /səˈɹi.bɹəm/ /ˈsɛ.ɹɪb.ɹəm/ /ˈsɛɹ.əb.ɹəm/ n
mejî (mejiyê mezin)
(neuroanatomy) The principal and most anterior part of the brain in vertebrates, which is located in the front area of the skull and divided into two hemispheres, left and right, separated by a fissure. In humans it is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for the integration of complex sensory functions and the initiation and coordination of voluntary activity, and the higher mental functions such as consciousness, thought, reason, emotion, and memory.

ceremony /sɛɹˈɛ.mə.ni/ /ˈsɛɹ.əˌmoʊ.ni/ /ˈsɛɹ.ɪ.mə.ni/ n
ayîn
A ritual, with religious or cultural significance.
An official gathering to celebrate, commemorate, or otherwise mark some event.
merasim
(uncountable) A formal socially established behaviour, often in relation to people of different ranks; formality.

cerise /səˈɹiːs/ /səˈɹiːz/ n
gêlaz
A deep, bright red colour tinted with pink.

certain /ˈsɜːtn̩/ /ˈsɝtn̩/ /ˈsɝtən/ /ˈsɝʔn̩/ determiner
biryardayî
Having been determined but not specified.

certainly /ˈsɜːtn̩li/ /ˈsɝtn̩li/ [ˈsɝʔn̩li] adv
ekîd
In a way which is certain; with certainty.
Without doubt, surely.
An emphatic affirmative answer; of course.

certifiable adj
dîn
(informal, of a person) Mentally ill to such an extent that involuntary institutionalization is appropriate; crazy.

certificate /səˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/ /səˈtɪf.ɪˌkeɪt/ /sɚˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/ /sɚˈtɪf.ɪˌkeɪt/ n
govanname
A document containing a certified statement.

cetacean /sɪˈteɪʃən/ n
balîna
An animal belonging to the order Cetacea, including dolphins, porpoises, and whales.

chafe /t͡ʃeɪf/ n
harbûn
Vexation; irritation of mind; rage.

chaffinch /ˈt͡ʃæfɪnt͡ʃ/ n
befrîk
A small passerine bird, Fringilla coelebs, of the finch family, found throughout Europe and eastward to Iran and eastern Mediterranean coastlands.

chagrin /ʃəˈɡɹɪn/ /ˈʃæɡ.ɹɪn/ n
zerar
Distress of mind caused by a failure of aims or plans, want of appreciation, mistakes etc; vexation or mortification.

chain /ˈt͡ʃeɪn/ n
zencîr
A series of interconnected rings or links usually made of metal.

chair /t͡ʃɛə(ɹ)/ /t͡ʃɛɚ/ /t͡ʃɪə(ɹ)/ n
kursî
An item of furniture used to sit on or in, comprising a seat, legs or wheels, back, and sometimes arm rests, for use by one person. Compare stool, couch, sofa, settee, loveseat and bench.

chalk /t͡ʃɑk/ /t͡ʃɔk/ /t͡ʃɔːk/ n
gêç
(uncountable) A soft, white, powdery limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO3).
(countable) A piece of chalk, or nowadays processed compressed gypsum (calcium sulfate, CaSO4), that is used for drawing and for writing on a blackboard (chalkboard).
magnezyûm
(uncountable, climbing, gymnastics) A white powdery substance used to prevent hands slipping from holds when climbing, or losing grip in weight-lifting or gymnastics, sometimes but not always limestone-chalk, often magnesium carbonate (MgCO3).

chalkboard /t͡ʃɔk.bɔː(ɹ)d/ /t͡ʃɔːk.bɔː(ɹ)d/ n
depreş
A slate or enamel board for writing on with chalk; a predecessor to a whiteboard.

chamber /ˈtʃeɪmbə(ɹ)/ /ˈt͡ʃeɪmbɚ/ n
oda xewê
A room or set of rooms, particularly:

chamfer /ˈt͡ʃæm.fɚ/ /ˈʃæm.fə/ n
cog
An obtuse-angled relief or cut at an edge added for a finished appearance and to break sharp edges.

chamois /ˈʃæmi/ /ˈʃæmiz/ /ˈʃæmwɑː/ /ˈʃæmwɑːz/ n
şemkur
A short-horned goat antelope native to mountainous terrain in southern Europe; Rupicapra rupicapra.

champagne /ʃæmˈpeɪn/ n
şampanya
(countable, uncountable) A sparkling white wine made from a blend of grapes, especially Chardonnay and pinot, produced in Champagne, France, by the méthode champenoise.

chance /t͡ʃæns/ /t͡ʃɑːns/ [t͡ʃɑːns] [t͡ʃʰans] [t͡ʃʰeəns] [t͡ʃʰäːns] [t͡ʃʰæns] [t͡ʃʰæːns] [t͡ʃʰɐːns] [t͡ʃʰɑːns] [t͡ʃʰɛəns] [t͡ʃʰɛːns] n
delîv
(countable) An opportunity or possibility.
(uncountable) Random occurrence; luck.
ihtimal
(countable) The probability of something happening.
çarenivîs
(countable, archaic) What befalls or happens to a person; their lot or fate.

chance /t͡ʃæns/ /t͡ʃɑːns/ [t͡ʃɑːns] [t͡ʃʰans] [t͡ʃʰeəns] [t͡ʃʰäːns] [t͡ʃʰæns] [t͡ʃʰæːns] [t͡ʃʰɐːns] [t͡ʃʰɑːns] [t͡ʃʰɛəns] [t͡ʃʰɛːns] v
qirika reş
(archaic, intransitive) To happen by chance, to occur.

chancellor /-lɚ/ /ˈtʃɑːnslə/ /ˈtʃɑːnsələ/ /ˈt͡ʃænslɚ/ /ˈt͡ʃænsələ/ n
rawêjkarê federal
The head of the government in some German-speaking countries.

change /t͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ n
گۆران
(countable, uncountable) The process of becoming different.
باقی
(uncountable) Small denominations of money given in exchange for a larger denomination.
(uncountable) Balance of money returned from the sum paid after deducting the price of a purchase.

change /t͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/ v
guherîn
(intransitive) To become something different.
(transitive, ergative) To make something into something else.

channel /ˈt͡ʃænəl/ n
co
The navigable part of a river.
A narrow body of water between two land masses.
(broadcasting) A specific radio frequency or band of frequencies, usually in conjunction with a predetermined letter, number, or codeword, and allocated by international agreement.
(broadcasting) A specific radio frequency or band of frequencies used for transmitting television.

chanson /ʃɑ̃.sɔ̃/ n
kilam
Any song with French words, but more specifically a classic, lyric-driven French song.

chant /t͡ʃænt/ /t͡ʃɑːnt/ v
گۆرانی وتن
To sing, especially without instruments, and as applied to monophonic and pre-modern music.

chaotic /keɪˈɑtɪk/ /keɪˈɒtɪk/ [-ɾɪk] adj
serûbin
Extremely disorganized or in disarray.

chapter /ˈt͡ʃæptə/ /ˈt͡ʃæptɚ/ n
alaş
A section of a work, a collection of works, or fragments of works, often manuscripts or transcriptions, created by scholars or advocates, not the original authors, to aid in finding portions of the texts.
An administrative division of an organization, usually local to a specific area.

char /t͡ʃaɹ/ /t͡ʃɑɹ/ /t͡ʃɑː/ [t͡ʃaɹ] [t͡ʃaː] [t͡ʃa˞] [t͡ʃɑɹ] [t͡ʃɑ˞] n
komir
A charred substance.

character /ˈkæɹ(ə)ktɚ/ /ˈkæɹɪktə/ /ˈkɛɹ(ə)ktɚ/ n
gevvşenî
(countable) A distinguishing feature; characteristic; trait; phene.
etîk
(uncountable) Strength of mind; resolution; independence; individuality; moral strength.
tîp
(countable) A written or printed symbol, or letter.

charcoal /ˈtʃɑː.kəʊl/ /ˈt͡ʃɑɹ.koʊl/ n
komir
(countable) A stick of black carbon material used for drawing.

charge /t͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒ/ /t͡ʃɑːd͡ʒ/ v
bar kirin
(transitive) To cause to take on an electric charge.

charity /ˈtʃæɹɪti/ /ˈt͡ʃæɹəti/ /ˈt͡ʃɛɹəti/ [ˈt͡ʃæɹəɾi] [ˈt͡ʃɛɹəɾi] n
evîn
(archaic, Christianity) Christian love; representing God's love of man, man's love of God, or man's love of his fellow-men.

charley horse n
گۆچان
(idiomatic, US) A muscle cramp, usually in the thigh or leg.

chase /t͡ʃeɪs/ n
nêçîr
(real tennis) The occurrence of a second bounce by the ball in certain areas of the court, giving the server the chance, later in the game, to "play off" the chase from the receiving end and possibly win the point.

chasm /t͡ʃæzəm/ /ˈkæzəm/ n
qelîş
(geology, planetology) A deep, steep-sided rift, gap or fissure; a gorge or abyss.
tat
(by extension) A large difference of opinion.

chaste /t͡ʃeɪst/ /t͡ʃæst/ adj
biîfet
Abstaining from immoral or unlawful sexual intercourse.

chastity /ˈt͡ʃastɪti/ /ˈt͡ʃeɪstɪti/ /ˈt͡ʃæstɪti/ [ˈt͡ʃæstɪɾi] n
dawpaqijî
The quality of being chaste: the state of abstaining from any sexual activity considered immoral; avoidance of sexual sins.

chat /t͡ʃæt/ n
pisîk
(countable, uncountable) An exchange of text or voice messages in real time through a computer network, resembling a face-to-face conversation.

chat /t͡ʃæt/ v
axaftin
To talk more than a few words.

chattel /ˈt͡ʃæt.l̩/ n
saman
Tangible, movable property.

chatter /ˈtʃætə/ /ˈt͡ʃætɚ/ n
pitpit
Talk, especially meaningless or unimportant talk.

chauffeur /ʃoʊˈfɝ/ /ʃɒˈfɜː/ /ˈʃoʊfɚ/ /ˈʃəʊfə/ n
ajotvan
A person employed to drive a private motor car or a hired car of executive or luxury class (like a limousine).

cheap /t͡ʃip/ /t͡ʃiːp/ adj
erzan
Low or reduced in price.
Of poor quality.
هه‌رزان
Of little worth.

cheat /t͡ʃiːt/ n
hîle
(video games) A hidden means of gaining an unfair advantage in a video game, often by entering a cheat code.

cheat /t͡ʃiːt/ v
firîwandin
(intransitive) To violate rules in order to gain, or attempt to gain, advantage from a situation.
xapandin
(intransitive) To be unfaithful to one's spouse or partner; to commit adultery, or to engage in sexual or romantic conduct with a person other than one's partner in contravention of the rules of society or agreement in the relationship.
(transitive) To deceive; to fool; to trick.

cheat on v
xapandin
(colloquial, idiom, transitive) To be unfaithful to, especially in a romantic relationship.

check /t͡ʃɛk/ [t͡ʃɛk̚] n
تاقیکردنه‌وه‌
An inspection or examination.
kişik
(textiles, usually, pluralized) A pattern made up of a grid of squares of alternating colors; a checkered pattern.
(chess) A situation in which the king is directly threatened by an opposing piece. [from 14th c.]
xaç
(US) A mark (especially a checkmark: ✓) used as an indicator.
arîtmetîk
(US) A bill, particularly in a restaurant.

check /t͡ʃɛk/ [t͡ʃɛk̚] v
berdan
(transitive) To leave in safekeeping.

check out v
girtin
(transitive) To withdraw (an item), as from a library, and have the withdrawal recorded.
berê xwe dan
(transitive) To examine, inspect, look at closely, ogle; to investigate; to gather information so as to make a decision.

checkered adj
kişik
Divided into squares, or into light and dark patches.

cheer up interjection
mêranî
An encouragement to somebody who seems unhappy.

cheers /tʃɪəz/ /t͡ʃɪɹz/ interjection
saxlemî
A common toast used when drinking in company.
سلاو
(chiefly, Commonwealth, informal) goodbye, especially as a sign-off in an email or after writing a comment.
spas
(Commonwealth, informal) thank you

cheese /t͡ʃiz/ /t͡ʃiːz/ interjection
penêr penîr
(photography) Said while being photographed, to give the impression of smiling.

cheese /t͡ʃiz/ /t͡ʃiːz/ n
penîr penêr
(uncountable) A dairy product made from curdled or cultured milk.
(countable) Any particular variety of cheese.

cheese it phraseologicalUnit
bîst û du
(slang, dated, Britain) An imperative used as a warning to stop, hide, or flee

chemical /ˈkɛmɪkəl/ adj
kîmyasal kîmyawî
Of or relating to chemistry.

chemical bond n
benda kîmyayî
(chemistry) Any of several attractive forces that serve to bind atoms together to form molecules

chemist /ˈkɛmɪst/ n
kîmya
A person who specializes in the science of chemistry, especially at a professional level.

chemistry /ˈkɛm.ɪ.stɹi/ n
kîmya
(uncountable) The branch of natural science that deals with the composition and constitution of substances and the changes that they undergo as a consequence of alterations in the constitution of their molecules.
(informal) The mutual attraction between two people; rapport.

cheque /t͡ʃɛk/ n
rayeka navdêrî
(Commonwealth, Ireland) A draft directing a bank to pay money to a named person or entity.

cherry /ˈt͡ʃɛɹi/ n
gêlaz
A small fruit, usually red, black or yellow, with a smooth hard seed and a short hard stem.
Prunus subg. Cerasus, trees or shrubs that bear cherries.
The wood of a cherry tree.
Cherry red.
(graph theory) A subtree consisting of a node with exactly two leaves.
(cricket, slang) A cricket ball.
A round, red light of the kind that is typically mounted on top of a police car.
The burning tip of a cigarette.
gêlaz qeresî
The fruit of the coffee plant, containing the seeds or beans.
(slang) Virginity, especially female virginity as embodied by a hymen.

cherry tree n
gêlaz
A tree of the subgenus Prunus subg. Cerasus, the members of which are valued agriculturally for their fruit, the cherry, and the wood of the tree, cherrywood, used in woodworking.

chess /t͡ʃɛs/ n
kişik sedrenc
A board game for two players, each beginning with sixteen chess pieces moving according to fixed rules across a chessboard with the objective to checkmate the opposing king.

chess piece n
kevirê setrencê
(chess) Any of the 16 white and 16 black pieces used in playing the game of chess.

chessboard n
textê kişikê
(chess) The square board used in the game of chess, subdivided into eight rows of eight squares each, the squares in each row and column being of alternating colours.

chest /t͡ʃɛst/ /t͡ʃɪst/ n
elbik
A box, now usually a large strong box with a secure convex lid.
sîng
(anatomy) The portion of the front of the human body from the base of the neck to the top of the abdomen; the thorax. Also the analogous area in other animals.
sing
A hit or blow made with one's chest.

chestnut /ˈt͡ʃɛs.nʌt/ /ˈt͡ʃɛst.nʌt/ n
kestane
(uncountable) A dark, reddish-brown colour, as seen on the fruit of the chestnut tree.

chew /tʃuː/ /tʃɪʊ̯/ /t͡ʃ(j)u/ v
cûn cûtin
To crush with the teeth by repeated closing and opening of the jaws; done to food to soften it and break it down by the action of saliva before it is swallowed.

chewing gum n
benîşt
A flavoured preparation of chicle or synthetic rubber, made for chewing.

chez /ʃeɪ/ preposition
bal
At the home of.

chic /ʃik/ /ʃiːk/ adj
qeşeng
Elegant, stylish.

chick /t͡ʃɪk/ n
مامر
A young chicken.
bûk
(colloquial) A young, typically attractive, woman or teenage girl.

chicken /ˈt͡ʃɪkən/ /ˈt͡ʃɪkɪn/ n
mir
(uncountable) The meat from this bird eaten as food.
(archaic) The young of any bird; a chick.
bêcesaret
(countable, slang) A coward.

chicken leg n
kevirê buhadar ê traşkirî
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see chicken,‎ leg. The leg of a chicken.

chicken pox n
sorik
(inexact, sometimes, _, proscribed, disease) Any disease causing similar symptoms.

chickpea /ˈt͡ʃɪkˌpiː/ n
nok
A seed of this plant, often used as a food.

chickweed n
dîwar
Any of several small-leaved herbs of the genera Cerastium and Stellaria.

chief /t͡ʃiːf/ n
ser
A leader or head of a group of people, organisation, etc. [from 13th c.]
(sometimes, ironic) An informal term of address.

child /t͡ʃaɪld/ [t͡ʃaɪ̯ɫd] [ˈt͡ʃaɪ̯.ɫ̩d] n
zarok
(with possessive) One's direct descendant by birth, regardless of age; one's offspring; a son or daughter.
A person considered a product of a place or culture, a member of a tribe or culture, regardless of age.
(computing) A data item, process, or object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another.

child's play /ˈt͡ʃaɪldz ˌpleɪ/ n
lehîstoka zarokan
(idiomatic) Something particularly easy or simple.

childbirth n
za
The fact or action of giving birth to a child, as the culmination of pregnancy.

childless adj
bêzarok
Not having any children.

chili /ˈt͡ʃɪli/ /ˈt͡ʃɪliː/ n
îsot
(countable) The pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking.

chili pepper /ˈtʃɪli ˈpɛpə(ɹ)/ n
îsot
Any fruit of a plant of the botanical genus Capsicum, which contains capsaicin and typically has a spicy/burning flavour.

chill /t͡ʃɪl/ adj
sar
Moderately cold or chilly.

chill out v
hêsa bûn
(intransitive, slang) To relax or take time out; to calm down; reduce or go easy on something.

chilly /ˈt͡ʃɪli/ adj
sar
Cold enough to cause discomfort.
(figuratively) Distant and cool; unfriendly.

chime /tʃaɪm/ n
demjimêr
(musical instruments) A musical instrument producing a sound when struck, similar to a bell (e.g. a tubular metal bar) or actually a bell. Often used in the plural to refer to the set: the chimes.

chimney /ˈt͡ʃɪmni/ /ˈt͡ʃɪməni/ n
agirdank
A vertical tube or hollow column used to emit environmentally polluting gaseous and solid matter (including but not limited to by-products of burning carbon- or hydrocarbon-based fuels); a flue.
(British) The smokestack of a steam locomotive.
A narrow cleft in a rock face; a narrow vertical cave passage.

chin /t͡ʃɪn/ n
alûşk
The bottom of a face, (specifically) the typically jutting jawline below the mouth.

chin up phraseologicalUnit
mêranî
(colloquial) Be happy; cheer up.

chink /t͡ʃɪŋk/ n
qelîş
A chip or dent in something metallic.

chinois n
Çînî
(cooking) A fine-meshed conical strainer.

chip /t͡ʃɪp/ n
gilover
(electronics) A circuit fabricated in one piece on a small, thin substrate; a microchip.

chiropter n
bacermok çilîçilî
A member of the order Chiroptera, a bat

chisel /ˈt͡ʃɪzəl/ n
cawbir
A cutting tool used to remove parts of stone, wood or metal by pushing or pounding the back when the sharp edge is against the material. It consists of a slim, oblong block of metal with a sharp wedge or bevel formed on one end and sometimes a handle at the other end.

chlorine /ˈklɔɹin/ /ˈklɔːɹiːn/ n
klor
A toxic, green, gaseous chemical element (symbol Cl) with an atomic number of 17.

chocolate /t͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɑk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔːk(ə)lət/ adj
şokolata
Made of or containing chocolate.
Having a dark reddish-brown colour/color.

chocolate /t͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɑk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔːk(ə)lət/ n
şokolata
(mostly, uncountable) A food made from ground roasted cocoa beans.
(countable) A single, small piece of confectionery made from chocolate.
(uncountable) A dark, reddish-brown colour/color, like that of chocolate (also called chocolate brown).

chocolate milk /ˈt͡ʃɑkɫɪtmɪɫk/ /ˌt͡ʃɑkɫɪtˈmɪɫk/ n
şîr
A sweetened cocoa-flavored drink, typically created by mixing chocolate syrup or chocolate powder with milk, and typically served cold.

choice /t͡ʃɔɪs/ n
balîna
One selection or preference; that which is chosen or decided; the outcome of a decision.

choir /kwaɪə(ɹ)/ /kwaɪɚ/ n
dil
A group of people who sing together; a company of people who are trained to sing together.
dersxane
(Christian angelology) One of the nine ranks or orders of angels.

choke /t͡ʃoʊk/ /t͡ʃəʊk/ v
fetisandin
(intransitive) To be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe (for instance food or other objects that go down the wrong way, or fumes or particles in the air that cause the throat to constrict).
(transitive) To prevent (someone) from breathing or talking by strangling or filling the windpipe.

choose /t͡ʃuːz/ v
hilbijartin
To pick; to make the choice of; to select.

chop /t͡ʃɑp/ /t͡ʃɒp/ n
perasû
A cut of meat, often containing a section of a rib.

chop /t͡ʃɑp/ /t͡ʃɒp/ v
birrîn
(transitive) To cut into pieces with short, vigorous cutting motions.

chop-chop interjection
ava bûn
Used to urge someone to do something quickly.

chopper /ˈtʃɒp.ə/ /ˈtʃɔp.ə/ /ˈt͡ʃɑ.pɚ/ n
mûz
(informal) A helicopter.

chopstick n
pir
(usually, in the plural) An East Asian eating utensil usually used as a pair and held in one hand to grip pieces of food or occasionally to mix liquids or scoop up small pieces of food. The utensil is a stick, usually made of wood and measuring approximately 23cm (10 inches) in length.

chord /kɔɹd/ /kɔːd/ n
kindir
(rail) A section of subsidiary railway track that interconnects two primary tracks that cross at different levels, to permit traffic to flow between them.

choreographer n
koreograf
A person who choreographs.

choreography /ˌkɒɹiˌɒɡɹəfi/ /ˌkɔɹiˌɑɡɹəfi/ n
koreografî
(by extension, figurative) The art of creating and arranging any activities that involve social coordination or orchestration.
(uncountable) The art of creating, arranging and recording the dance movements of a work, such as a ballet.

chorus /ˈkɔɹaɪ/ /ˈkɔɹəs/ /ˈkɔːɹaɪ/ /ˈkɔːɹəs/ n
dil
A group of singers and dancers in a theatrical performance or religious festival who commented on the main performance in speech or song.
A group of singers performing together; a choir; specifically, such a group singing together in a musical, an opera, etc., as distinct from the soloists; an ensemble.

chromium /ˈkɹoʊ.mi.əm/ n
krom
A chemical element (symbol Cr) with an atomic number of 24: a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal.

chromosome /ˈkɹoʊməˌsoʊm/ /ˈkɹoʊməˌzoʊm/ /ˈkɹəʊ.məˌsəʊm/ /ˈkɹəʊ.məˌzəʊm/ n
kromozom
(cytology, genetics) A linear arrangement of condensed DNA and associated proteins (such as chaperone proteins) which contains the genetic material (genome) of an organism.

chronological /ˌkɹɒnəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
kronolojîk
In order of time from the earliest to the latest.

chronometer /kɹəˈnɑ.mə.tɚ/ /kɹəˈnɒm.ə.tə(ɹ)/ /kɹəˈnɔm.ə.tə(ɹ)/ [kɹəˈnɑ.mə.ɾɚ] n
demjimêr
A device for measuring time, particularly a precision mechanism for measuring time of day.

chrysanthemum /kɹɪˈsænθəməm/ n
ecêb
Any of many flowering perennial plants, of the genus Chrysanthemum, native to China, that have showy radiate heads.

chuck /t͡ʃʊk/ /t͡ʃʌk/ n
bêr
(cooking) Meat from the shoulder of a cow or other animal.

chuck /t͡ʃʊk/ /t͡ʃʌk/ v
hilavêtin
(South Africa, slang, intransitive) To leave; to depart; to bounce.

chump /t͡ʃʌmp/ n
ehmeq
(colloquial, pejorative) An incompetent person, a blockhead; a loser.

chunder /ˈtʃandə/ /ˈtʃɐndə/ /ˈtʃʌndə(ɹ)/ v
hilavêtin
(Australia, New Zealand, Britain, slang) To throw up, to vomit, particularly from excessive alcohol consumption.

chunky /ˈt͡ʃʌŋki/ adj
qalind
(euphemistic, of a person) Fat.

church /t͡ʃɜːt͡ʃ/ /t͡ʃɝt͡ʃ/ n
dêr که‌نیسه‌
(countable) A Christian house of worship; a building where Christian religious services take place. [from 9th c.]
(uncountable) Organized religion in general or a specific religion considered as a political institution.

churchyard /ˈt͡ʃɜːt͡ʃ.jɑːd/ /ˈt͡ʃɝt͡ʃ.jɑɹd/ n
قه‌برستان
A patch of land adjoining a church, often used as a graveyard.

chute /ʃ(j)uːt/ /ʃɪu̯t/ n
sî sih

cider /ˈsaɪ̯.də/ /ˈsaɪ̯.dɚ/ [ˈsʌɪ̯ɾə(ɹ)] n
şeraba sêvan
(Australia) A non-alcoholic carbonated beverage made from apples or pears.
(Japan, South Korea) A non-alcoholic, lemon-lime flavored carbonated beverage.

cigarette /sɪ.ɡəˈɹɛt/ /ˈsɪ.ɡə.ɹɛt/ n
توتن
Tobacco or other substances, in a thin roll wrapped with paper, intended to be smoked.

cinder /ˈsɪndə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪndɚ/ n
komir
Partially or mostly burnt material that results from incomplete combustion of coal or wood etc.

cinema /ˈsɪn.ə.mə/ /ˈsɪn.ɪ.mɑː/ /ˈsɪn.ɪ.mə/ n
سینه‌ما
(countable) A movie theatre, a movie house

cinnamon /ˈsɪ.mɪn/ /ˈsɪn.ə.mən/ /ˈsɪn.ə.mɪn/ n
darçîn
(mostly, uncountable) A spice from the dried aromatic bark of the cinnamon tree, either rolled into strips or ground into a powder. The word is commonly used as trade name for spices made of any of the species above.

cipher /ˈsaɪfə/ /ˈsaɪfɚ/ n
pêjimar
A numeric character.
şîfre
Ciphertext; a message concealed via a cipher.

circa /ˈsɜːkə/ /ˈsɝkə/ preposition
kêm zêde
Approximately, about, around (typically in relation to time)

circle /ˈsɜɹkəl/ [ˈsɜː.kəɫ] [ˈsɝ.kəɫ] n
gilover
A specific group of persons; especially one who shares a common interest.

circuit /ˈsəɾ.kɪʈ/ /ˈsɜː.kɪt/ /ˈsɜː.kɪʈ/ /ˈsɝ.kɪt/ n
gilover
(electricity) Enclosed path of an electric current, usually designed for a certain function.

circular /ˈsɜː.kjə.lə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/ adj
girrovirr
In the shape of, or moving in a circle.

circumference /səˈkamfɹəns/ /səˈkʌmfɹəns/ /sɚˈkʌmfɹəns/ /sɜːˈkʌmfɹəns/ /sɝːˈkʌmfɹəns/ n
derdor
(geometry) The length of such a line.

circumspect /ˈsɜː.kəm.spɛkt/ /ˈsɝ.kəm.spɛkt/ adj
aqildar
Carefully aware of all circumstances; considerate of all that is pertinent.

circumstance /-aːns/ /-æns/ /-ɑːns/ /ˈsɜːkəmst(ə)ns/ /ˈsɜːkəmstæns/ /ˈsɝ.kəm.ˌstæns/ n
barûdox
Something which is related to, or in some way affects, a fact or event.

circus /ˈsɜːkəs/ /ˈsɝkəs/ n
sîrk
A traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, clowns, trained animals, and other novelty acts, that gives shows usually in a circular tent. [from late 18th c.]

cirque /sɜːk/ /sɝk/ n
sîrk
(geology) A curved depression or natural amphitheatre, especially one in a mountainside at the end of a valley.

citizen /ˈsɪtɪsən/ /ˈsɪtɪzən/ n
acincî
A legally-recognized member of a state, with associated rights and obligations; a person considered in terms of this role. [from 14th c.]
(Christianity) A resident of the heavenly city or (later) of the kingdom of God: a Christian; a good Christian. [from 15th c.]

citizenry n
acincî
The group of all citizens; citizens taken collectively.

citron /ˈsɪtəɹn/ /ˈsɪtɹən/ n
lîmon
A greenish yellow colour.

citrus fruit n
pirteqal
Any of the fruits in the common genus Citrus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae.

city /sɪtɪ/ /ˈsɪti/ [ˈsɪtʰiː] [ˈsɪɾi] n
bajar
(UK) A settlement granted special status by royal charter or letters patent; traditionally, a settlement with a cathedral regardless of size.

city block n
girav
The smallest part of a town enclosed by streets.

civic /ˈsɪvɪk/ adj
acincî
Of, relating to, or belonging to a city, a citizen, or citizenship; municipal or civil.

civil servant n
erkedar
A person employed in the civil service; a government employee.

civil war n
şerê navxweyî
A war fought between factions of the inhabitants of a single country, or a similar political entity.

civility /sɪˈvɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
ciwanikî
Speech or behaviour that is fit for civil interactions; politeness, courtesy. [from 16th c.]

civilization /ˌsɪv.ə.ləˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌsɪv.ə.lɑeˈzæɪ.ʃən] n
sivîlîzasyon
An organized culture encompassing many communities, often on the scale of a nation or a people; a stage or system of social, political, or technical development.
Çand
(uncountable) Human society, particularly civil society.
The act or process of civilizing or becoming civilized.
The state or quality of being civilized.

civilization /ˌsɪv.ə.ləˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌsɪv.ə.lɑeˈzæɪ.ʃən] pn
sivîlîzasyon

claim /kleɪm/ v
angaştin
To state a new fact, typically without providing evidence to prove it is true.
(intransitive) To be entitled to anything; to deduce a right or title; to have a claim.

clairvoyance /klɛəˈvɔɪəns/ /klɛɹˈvɔɪəns/ n
avsaxî
(parapsychology) The power to see or perceive things objects or events beyond the natural range of the senses, such as the past or the future.

clam /klæm/ [kleəm] n
îstirîdye
A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that are edible; for example soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), sea clams or hen clam (Spisula solidissima), and other species, possibly originally applied to clams of species Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian bivalve.
(US, slang, mostly, in the plural) A dollar.

clamp /klæmp/ n
sercan
A brace, band, or clasp for strengthening or holding things together.
A pile of materials to be heated in a controlled way, stacked or heaped together with fuel so that the fire permeates the pile; the material of interest may be bricks to be fired, ore for roasting, coal for coking, or wood to be charcoalized.

clan /klæn/ n
êlên kurdan
A traditional social group of families in the Scottish Highlands having a common hereditary chieftain
(video games) A group of players who habitually play on the same team in multiplayer games.

clap /klæp/ n
pembo
The act of striking the palms of the hands, or any two surfaces, together.
Any loud, sudden, explosive sound made by striking hard surfaces together, or resembling such a sound.

clap /klæp/ v
avêtin
To set or put, usually in haste.

clapper /ˈklæpɚ/ n
ziman
An object so suspended inside a bell that it may hit the bell and cause it to ring; a clanger or tongue.

claptrap /ˈklæpˌtɹæp/ n
pitpit
Empty verbiage or nonsense. [from early 19th c.]

clarinet /ˌklæɹɪˈnɛt/ /ˌklɛɹɪˈnɛt/ n
klarnet
(musical instruments) A woodwind musical instrument that has a distinctive liquid tone whose characteristics vary among its three registers: chalumeau (low), clarion (medium), and altissimo (high).

clarity /ˈklæɹ.ə.ti/ /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.ti/ /ˈklɛɹ.ə.ti/ [ˈklɛɹ.ə.ɾi] n
ronahî
The state or measure of being clear, either in appearance, thought or style; lucidity.

class /klas/ /kleəs/ /klæs/ /klɑ(ː)s/ /klɑːs/ n
sinif
(countable) A group, collection, category or set sharing characteristics or attributes.
(sociology, countable) A social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc. In Britain, society is commonly split into three main classes: upper class, middle class and working class.
(education, countable, and, uncountable) A group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher.
(countable) A category of seats in an airplane, train or other means of mass transportation.
(taxonomy, countable) A rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank.
(object-oriented, countable) A set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set in terms of its common properties, functions, etc.
dersxane
(uncountable) The division of society into classes.
(uncountable) Admirable behavior; elegance.
(set theory) A collection of sets definable by a shared property, especially one which is not itself a set (in which case the class is called proper).

classicism n
klasîzm
(uncountable) All the classical traditions of the art and architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, especially the aspects of simplicity, elegance and proportion.

classmate /ˈklɑːs.meɪt/ n
dersxane
A student who is in the same class at school.

classroom /ˈklasruːm/ /ˈklæsruːm/ /ˈklɑːsɹʊm/ n
sinif
A room, often in a school, where classes take place.

classy /ˈklæsi/ /ˈklɑːsi/ adj
شۆخ
Elegant, highly stylish or fashionable.

clavicle /ˈklæv.ɪk.l̩/ /ˈklæv.ɪk.əl/ n
pirika mil
(skeleton) The collarbone; the prominent bone at the top of the chest between the shoulder and the neck connecting the shoulder and the breastbone.

claw /klɑ/ /klɔ/ /klɔː/ n
نینۆک
meqes
The pincer (chela) of a crustacean or other arthropod.
(botany) A slender appendage or process, formed like a claw, such as the base of petals of the pink.

clay /kleɪ/ [kl̥eɪ] n
له‌ش
A mineral substance made up of small crystals of silica and alumina, that is ductile when moist; the material of pre-fired ceramics.

clean /kleːn/ /klin/ /kliːn/ [kʰl̥eːn] [kʰl̥iːn] [kʰl̥ĩn] adj
paqij
Not dirty, filthy, or soiled.
به‌تاڵ
Pure, especially morally or religiously.

cleaner /ˈkli.nɚ/ /ˈkliː.nə/ n
paqijîker
A person whose occupation is to clean things, especially rooms, floors, and windows.

cleaning /ˈkliːnɪŋ/ n
temîzkirin
(gerund of clean) The process of making something clean.

cleanup /ˈkliːnʌp/ [ˈkʰliːˌnʌp] n
temîzkirin
The act of cleaning or tidying something; the act of finishing something off.

clear /klɪə(ɹ)/ /klɪɹ/ v
şirove kirin
(transitive) To eliminate ambiguity or doubt from (a matter); to clarify or resolve; to clear up.
hilanîn
(transitive, computing) To reset or unset; to return to an empty state or to zero.

clearness n
ronahî
The state of being free from obscurities or opacity; distinctness of light, colour etc. [from 17th c.]

cleaver /ˈklivɚ/ n
kêr
A squarish, heavy knife used by butchers for hacking through bones, etc.

clef /klɛf/ n
enextar
A symbol found on a musical staff that indicates the pitches represented by the lines and the spaces on the staff [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]

cleft /klɛft/ n
qelîş
An opening, fissure, or V-shaped indentation made by or as if by splitting.

clever /ˈklɛvə/ /ˈklɛvɚ/ adj
زیره‌ک
Smart, intelligent, or witty; mentally quick or sharp.
bîdar
(of objects or actions) Showing mental quickness and resourcefulness.

client /ˈklaɪ.ənt/ n
bikir
A customer, a buyer or receiver of goods or services.
muwekîl
A person who receives help or services from a professional such as a lawyer or accountant.

cliff /klɪf/ [kl̥ʰɪf] n
tat
A vertical (or nearly vertical) rock face.

climate /ˈklaɪ.mət/ /ˈklaɪ.mɪt/ n
avhewa
The long-term manifestations of weather and other atmospheric conditions in a given area or country, now usually represented by the statistical summary of its weather conditions during a period long enough to ensure that representative values are obtained (generally 30 years).

climax /ˈklaɪ.mæks/ n
orgazm
(euphemistic) The culmination of sexual pleasure, an orgasm.

climb /klaɪm/ v
hilketin
(intransitive) To ascend; rise; to go up.

clip /klɪp/ [kl̥ʰɪp] n
şane
(military) A frame containing a number of rounds of ammunition which is intended to be inserted into an internal magazine of a firearm to allow for rapid reloading.

clitoris /klɪˈtɔɹɪs/ /ˈklɪtəɹɪs/ n
zîlik
(anatomy) A sensitive elongated erectile organ at the anterior part of the vulva in female humans and other mammals, homologous with the penis. [from 17th c.]

cloak /ˈkloʊk/ n
manto
A long outer garment worn over the shoulders covering the back; a cape, often with a hood.

clock /klɑk/ /klɒk/ /klɔk/ [kl̥ɒχ] n
demjimêr demjimêrk
(attributive) A common noun relating to an instrument that measures or keeps track of time.

clockwork /ˈklɑkwɝk/ /ˈklɒkwɜːk/ n
kindir
A mechanism powered by a coiled spring and regulated by some form of escapement; the power is transmitted through toothed gearwheels and used to drive a mechanical clock, toy, or other device.

cloister /ˈklɔɪstə/ /ˈklɔɪstɚ/ n
bênîş
A place, especially a monastery or convent, devoted to religious seclusion.

close /kloʊs/ /kləʊs/ adj
dijwar
(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind.

close /kloʊz/ /kləʊz/ v
girtin
(ambitransitive) To move a thing, or part of a thing, nearer to another so that the gap or opening between the two is removed.
(ergative, computing) To terminate an application, window, file or database connection, etc.
(intransitive) To do the tasks (putting things away, locking doors, etc.) required to prepare a store or other establishment to shut down for the night.

close down /kloʊzˈdaʊn/ /kləʉzˈdæɔn/ /kləʊzˈdaʊn/ v
girtin
(ambitransitive) To stop trading as a business.

close to preposition
ba
Near.

closed syllable n
kîteya girtî
(linguistics) A syllable that ends in a consonant.

closely /ˈkləʊsliː/ adv
nêzîkî
In a close manner.

cloth /kloʊθ/ /klɑθ/ /klɒθ/ /klɔːθ/ /klɔθ/ n
tevînek
(countable, uncountable) A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use.
(metaphoric) Appearance; seeming.

clothes /kloʊ(ð)z/ /kləʊ(ð)z/ n
wergirtin
(plural only) Items of clothing; apparel.

clothes iron n
hesin
A hand-held device with a heated flat metal base used to smooth out wrinkles in clothes; an iron.

cloud /klaʊd/ n
ewr mişale
A visible mass of water droplets suspended in the air.
Any mass of dust, steam or smoke resembling such a mass.
A group or swarm, especially suspended above the ground or flying.
ewr
Anything which makes things foggy or gloomy.
(computing, with "the") The Internet, regarded as an abstract amorphous omnipresent space for processing and storage, the focus of cloud computing.

cloud over v
ewrîbûn
(intransitive) To become cloudy or overcast.

cloudy /ˈklaʊdi/ /ˈklaʊːdɪ/ /ˈkɫaʊdi/ adj
ewravî
Covered with or characterised by clouds; overcast.

clove /kloʊv/ /kləʊv/ n
mêxek
(uncountable, countable) A very pungent aromatic spice, the unexpanded flower bud of the clove tree.
diran
(horticulture, cooking) One of the small bulbs formed in the axils of the scales of a large bulb.

cloven adj
qelîş
Split, sundered, or divided.

clover /ˈkloʊ.vɚ/ /ˈkləʉ.və(ɹ)/ /ˈkləʊ.və(ɹ)/ n
nefel
A plant of the genus Trifolium with leaves usually divided into three (rarely four) leaflets and with white or red flowers.

clown /klaʊn/ n
qeşmer
A slapstick performance artist often associated with a circus and usually characterized by bright, oversized clothing, a red nose, face paint, and a brightly colored wig.

club /klʊb/ /klʌb/ n
yane
An association of members joining together for some common purpose, especially sports or recreation.
An implement to hit the ball in certain ball games, such as golf.
darik
A heavy object, often a kind of stick, intended for use as a bludgeoning weapon or a plaything.
kabare
An establishment that provides staged entertainment, often with food and drink, such as a nightclub.
mêş
(card games) A black clover shape (♣), one of the four symbols used to mark the suits of playing cards.

clubs /klʊbz/ /klʌbz/ n
mêş
(card games) One of the four suits of playing cards, marked with the symbol ♣.

clue /kljuː/ /kluː/ n
bend
Information which may lead one to a certain point or conclusion.

clueless /ˈkluː.ləs/ adj
nezan
Lacking knowledge or understanding; uninformed; oblivious.

clump /klʌmp/ n
rêzeçiya
A small group of trees or plants.

clumsy /ˈklʌmzi/ adj
dijwar
Awkward, lacking coordination, not graceful, not dextrous.

cluster /ˈklʌstə/ /ˈklʌstɚ/ n
grûb
A bunch or group of several discrete items that are close to each other.

clusterfuck /ˈklʌs.təˌfʌk/ /ˈklʌs.tɚˌfʌk/ n
kerxane
(slang, vulgar) A chaotic situation where everything seems to go wrong, often caused by communication failure, a complex environment, or incompetence.

clutch /klʌt͡ʃ/ n
debriyaj
A device to interrupt power transmission, commonly used to separate the engine and gearbox in a car. [from 19th c.]
The pedal in a car that disengages power and torque transmission from the engine (through the drivetrain) to the drive wheels.

clutch pedal n
debriyaj
(automotive) A pedal in a manual transmission car that modulates the clutch mechanism, via clutch plate pressure.

clutter /ˈklʌtə(ɹ)/ /ˈklʌtɚ/ [ˈklʌɾɚ] n
kerxane
(uncountable) A confused disordered jumble of things.

clutter /ˈklʌtə(ɹ)/ /ˈklʌtɚ/ [ˈklʌɾɚ] v
kirin
(transitive) To fill something with clutter.

co-wife /ˈkoʊ.waɪf/ /ˈkəʊ.waɪf/ n
cariye
In a polygamous marriage, another wife of a woman’s husband.

coach /koʊt͡ʃ/ /kəʊtʃ/ [kʰoʊ̯t͡ʃ] [kʰəʊ̯tʃ] n
erebe
(rail, UK, Australia) A passenger car, either drawn by a locomotive or part of a multiple unit.

coal /koʊl/ /kɐʉl/ /kəʊl/ [kʰoɫ] [kʰɒʊɫ] n
komirr
(uncountable) A black or brownish black rock formed from prehistoric plant remains, composed largely of carbon and burned as a fuel.
kumirr
(countable) A piece of coal used for burning (this use is less common in American English)
(military slang, WWI, _, –, _, WWII) Bombs emitting black smoke on impact.

coalesce /ˌkoʊ.əˈlɛs/ /ˌkəʉ.əˈles/ /ˌkəʊ.əˈlɛs/ v
cebirîn
(of separate elements) To join into a single mass or whole.

coarse /ko(ː)ɹs/ /koəs/ /koɹs/ /kɔːs/ [kʰo̞ɹs] adj
pîs
With a rough texture; not smooth.

coast /koʊst/ /kəʊst/ n
berav
The edge of the land where it meets an ocean, sea, gulf, bay, or large lake. [from 14th c.]

coat /koʊt/ /kəʊt/ n
dest
(countable) A covering of material, such as paint.Wp

coat /koʊt/ /kəʊt/ v
rû girtin
(transitive) To cover with a coating of some material.

coati /koʊˈɑti/ /kəʊˈɑːti/ n
kurbeşk
Any of several omnivorous mammals, of the genus Nasua or Nasuella, in order Carnivora, that live in the range from southern United States to northern Argentina.

cobalt /ˈkoʊ.bɑlt/ /ˈkoʊ.bɔlt/ /ˈkəʊ.bɒlt/ /ˈkəʊ.bɔːlt/ n
kobalt
A chemical element (symbol Co) with an atomic number of 27: a hard, lustrous, silver-gray metal.

cobbler /ˈkɑblɚ/ /ˈkɑbəlɚ/ /ˈkɒblə/ /ˈkɒbələ/ n
solfiroş
A person who repairs, and sometimes makes, shoes.

cobelligerent n
hevpeyman
Country that wages war against a common enemy, without the countries on the same side having a formal treaty of military alliance.

cocaine /koʊˈkeɪn/ /kə(ʊ)ˈkeɪn/ /ˈkoʊˌkeɪn/ n
kokaîn
(uncountable, organic compound, pharmaceutical drug) An addictive drug derived from coca (Erythroxylum) or prepared synthetically, used sometimes medicinally as a local anesthetic and, often illegally, as a stimulant.

cock /kɑk/ /kɒk/ interjection
gû
(UK, slang) Expression of annoyance.

cock /kɑk/ /kɒk/ n
dîk
A rooster: a male gallinaceous bird, especially a male domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus).
gur
The hammer of a firearm trigger mechanism.
belût
(Britain, Commonwealth, Ireland, derogatory , slang) A stupid, obnoxious or contemptible person.

cock pigeon n
کۆتر
A male pigeon.

cocoa /ˈkoʊ.koʊ/ /ˈkəʊ.kəʊ/ n
şokolata
(countable) A light to medium brown colour.

cocoon /kəˈkuːn/ v
eleqeya xwe bi tiştekî nekirin
(intransitive) To withdraw into such a case.

cod /kɑd/ /kɒd/ n
morîna
Sea fish of the genus Gadus generally, inclusive of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) and Greenland cod (Gadus ogac or Gadus macrocephalus ogac).
The meat of any of the above fish.

code /koʊd/ /kəʊd/ n
kilîl
(cryptography) A cryptographic system using a codebook that converts words or phrases into codewords.

coffee /ˈkɑ.fi/ /ˈkɒ.fi/ /ˈkɒf.i/ /ˈkɔ.fi/ /ˈkɔə.fi/ /ˈkɔː.fɪ/ n
qehwe
(uncountable) A beverage made by infusing the beans of the coffee plant in hot water.
qehwe qawe
(countable) A serving of this beverage.

coffee pot n
cezo
A pot in which coffee is brewed or from which it is served.

coffer /ˈkɑfɚ/ /ˈkɒfə/ /ˈkɔfɚ/ n
elbik
A strong chest or box used for keeping money or valuables safe.

cog /kɑɡ/ /kɒɡ/ /kɔɡ/ n
didan
A tooth on a gear.
yarî
A trick or deception; a falsehood.

cogent /ˈkoʊd͡ʒn̩t/ /ˈkəʊd͡ʒn̩t/ adj
bimantiq
Reasonable and convincing; based on evidence.

cognize /ˈkɑɡˌnaɪz/ /ˈkɒɡnʌɪz/ /ˌkɒɡˈnaɪz/ v
nasîn
To know, perceive, or become aware of.
To make into an object of cognition (the process of acquiring knowledge through thought); to cogitate.

cohere /koʊˈhɪɚ/ /kəʊˈhɪə/ v
tevizîn
(intransitive, figurative) To be consistent as part of a group, or by common purpose.
(transitive, figurative) To be consistent as part of a group, or by common purpose.

cohesion /koʊˈhiː.ʒən/ /kəʉˈhiː.ʒən/ /kəʊˈhiː.ʒən/ [kəʉˈhɪi.ʒən] n
dilsozî
State of cohering, or of working together.

coil /kwaɪl/ /kɔɪl/ n
masûle
Something wound in the form of a helix or spiral.
bobîn
(electronics) A coil of electrically conductive wire through which electricity can flow.

coil /kwaɪl/ /kɔɪl/ v
pêçan
To wind or reel e.g. a wire or rope into regular rings, often around a centerpiece.

coin /kwaɪn/ /kɔɪn/ n
pûjan
(money) A piece of currency, usually metallic and in the shape of a disc, but sometimes polygonal, or with a hole in the middle.
A token used in a special establishment like a casino.

coin of the realm /ˈkɔɪn əv ðə ˈɹɛlm/ n
dirav
(figuratively) Something that is valued like money within a particular context.

coin-op /ˈkɔɪnˌɒp/ adj
pûjan
Operated by coins.

coke /koʉk/ /koʊk/ /kəʊk/ n
kumirr
(uncountable) Solid residue from roasting coal in a coke oven; used principally as a fuel and in the production of steel and formerly as a domestic fuel.
befir
(informal, slang, uncountable) Cocaine.

cold /kaʉld/ /koʊld/ /kəʊld/ [kʰɒʊ(ɫ)d] [kʰɔʊ(ɫ)d] adj
sar
(of a thing) Having a low temperature.
(of the weather) Causing the air to be cold.
Unfriendly; emotionally distant or unfeeling.

cold /kaʉld/ /koʊld/ /kəʊld/ [kʰɒʊ(ɫ)d] [kʰɔʊ(ɫ)d] n
sar
(uncountable) A condition of low temperature.

cold war /ˌkəʊld ˈwɔː/ n
şerê sar
A period of hostile relations between rivals where direct open warfare between them is largely undesired and avoided. [from 1945]

coldness /ˈkoʊldnəs/ /ˈkəʊldnəs/ n
sar
The relative lack of heat.
The sensation resulting from exposure to low temperatures.
Limited enthusiasm or affection; coolness.

colewort n
kelem
A plant of the genus Brassica; now specifically, a Brassica plant without a head used for food, such as kale.

colic /ˈkɒl.ɪk/ n
hinavêş
(pathology) Severe pains that grip the abdomen or the disease that causes such pains (due to intestinal or bowel-related problems).

collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/ [kʰəˌlæbəˈɹeɪ̯ʃən] n
hevkarî
(uncountable) The act of collaborating.

collapse /k(ə)ˈlæps/ v
nikisîn
(intransitive) To cease to function due to a sudden breakdown; to fail suddenly and completely.

collar /ˈkɑ.lɚ/ /ˈkɒl.ə/ n
nîr
A band or chain around an animal's neck, used to restrain and/or identify it.
(rail transport) A physical lockout device to prevent operation of a mechanical signal lever.

collate /kɒˈleɪt/ /ˈkoʊ.leɪt/ v
akort kirin
(transitive) To assemble something in a logical sequence.

collateral /kəˈlætəɹəl/ adj
alîkarî
Being aside from the main subject, target, or goal.

collect /kəˈlɛkt/ v
ligelbûn
(transitive) To gather together; amass.
oruspu cocuklari
(transitive) To get; particularly, get from someone.

college /ˈkɑlɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɒlɪd͡ʒ/ n
zanko
(chiefly, US) An institution of higher education teaching undergraduates.
An academic institution. [From 1560s.]
A specialized division of a university.

collegiate /kəˈliːd͡ʒi.ət/ /kəˈliːd͡ʒət/ adj
akademîk
Of, or relating to a college, or college students.

colloquy /ˈkɒ.lə.kwi/ n
گفتوگۆ
A conversation or dialogue. [from 15th c.]

colly /ˈkɒli/ v
reng
(transitive, archaic) To make black, as with coal.

colocynth /kɒl.əˈsɪnθ/ n
feltîşok
A viny plant, Citrullus colocynthis, native to the Mediterranean Basin and Asia. It produces a lemon-sized, yellowish, green-mottled, spongy, and extremely bitter fruit.
The powdered pulp of this fruit, a powerful hepatic stimulant and hydragogue cathartic used as a strong laxative.

cologne /kəˈloʊn/ /kəˈləʊn/ n
dagirkerî
Any of a family of fresh, citrus-based fragrances distilled using extracts from citrus, floral, and woody ingredients, said to have been developed in the early 18th century in Cologne, Germany.

colon /ˈkoʊ.lən/ /ˈkɔ.lən/ /ˈkəʊ.lɒn/ /ˈkəʊ.lən/ [ˈkʰɔ.ɫn̩] n
duxal
The punctuation mark ⟨:⟩.

colony /ˈkɑ.lə.ni/ /ˈkɒl.ə.ni/ /ˈkɔl.ə.ni/ n
kolonî
(biology) A group of organisms of same or different species living together in close association.
A potential new chapter of a fraternity or sorority awaiting official recognition from their headquarters.

color /ˈkʌl.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈkʌl.ɚ/ n
reng
(uncountable) The spectral composition of visible light.
These hues as used in color television or films, color photographs, etc (as opposed to the shades of grey used in black-and-white television).
(heraldry) Any of the standard dark tinctures used in a coat of arms, including azure, gules, sable, and vert.
(uncountable) Human skin tone, especially as an indicator of race or ethnicity.
(finance, uncountable) A third-order measure of derivative price sensitivity, expressed as the rate of change of gamma with respect to time, or equivalently the rate of change of charm with respect to changes in the underlying asset price.
ala
(in the plural) A standard or banner.

color blindness n
rengkorî
(medicine, ophthalmology) Any of several medical conditions in which the physical ability to see colors is impaired, especially achromatopsia, Daltonism.

colostrum /kəˈlɒstɹəm/ n
dev
(medicine) A form of milk produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and the few days after giving birth. Human and bovine colostrum is thick and yellowish. In humans, it has high concentrations of nutrients and antibodies, but it is small in quantity.

colourless /ˈkʌlə(ɹ).ləs/ adj
bêreng
Having little or no colour.

colt /koʊlt/ /kɒlt/ /kəʊlt/ [kɔʊlt] n
canî
A young male horse.

colza n
kelem
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus), cultivated for its seeds, which yield an oil, valued for illuminating and lubricating purposes.

comb /koʊm/ /kəʊm/ n
şane şe
A toothed implement for grooming the hair or (formerly) for keeping it in place.

combat /kəmˈbæt/ /ˈkɑmˌbæt/ /ˈkɒmˌbæt/ /ˈkʌmˌbæt/ n
ceng
A battle, a fight (often one in which weapons are used).

combinable adj
یه‌ک خستن
Able to be combined.

combination /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃən/ /kɒmbɪˈneɪʃən/ n
یه‌ک خستن
The act of combining, the state of being combined or the result of combining.
gihandin hev
A sequence of numbers or letters used to open a combination lock.
(mathematics) One or more elements selected from a set without regard to the order of selection.
dawet û dîlan
An association or alliance of people for some common purpose.

combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ /ˈkɑm.baɪn/ /ˈkɒm.baɪn/ v
یه‌ک خستن
(transitive) To bring (two or more things or activities) together; to unite.

come /kʌm/ [km] [km̩] [kəm] [kʰɐm] [kʰʌm] v
hatin
(intransitive) To move from further away to nearer to.

come across v
hatin
(idiomatic) To give an appearance or impression; to project a certain image; to seem or appear (to be some way). [(often) with as; or (often) with like]
rastî hev hatin
(idiomatic, transitive) To find, usually by accident.

come again interjection
efû
(idiomatic, informal, by ellipsis) A polite formula used when one has not heard or understood what has been said, or to indicate surprise.

come along v
hatin
(intransitive, followed by "with") To accompany.

come back v
vegerîn
(intransitive) To return to a former state, usually a desirable one; to become fashionable once more.

come down v
daketin
(intransitive) To descend, fall down, collapse.
nikisîn
(intransitive) To be demolished.
hendik bûn
(intransitive) To reach or release a decision.

come out of the closet v
vebûn
(intransitive, idiomatic) To tell others about one's homosexuality, bisexuality, transness, or any minority or disapproved-of identity, belief, preference, etc., where previously this had been kept secret.

come over v
hatin
(informal) To seem; to come to express a feeling or state.

come to terms with v
qebûl kirin
(idiomatic) To accept or resign oneself to something emotionally painful.

come true v
pêk hatin
To become real: to become true or existent.

come up v
hilketin
(British, slang, intransitive) To begin to feel the effects of a recreational drug.

comedy /ˈkɑmədi/ /ˈkɒmədi/ n
كۆمێدی
(countable, drama) a dramatic work that is light and humorous or satirical in tone

comely /ˈkʌmli/ adj
balkêş
Of a person: attractive or pleasing to look at; beautiful, handsome; also, attractive but not particularly beautiful or handsome.

comet /ˈkɒmət/ n
dûvstêrk
A celestial phenomenon with the appearance of such a body.

comfort /kʌmˈfɔɹt/ /ˈkʊm.fət/ /ˈkʌm.fət/ /ˈkʌm.fɚt/ [ˈkʰʌɱ.fɚt] n
rehetî
konfor
Contentment, ease.

comfortable /ˈkɐmf.tə.bəl/ /ˈkʌm.fə.tə.bəl/ /ˈkʌm.fəɹ.tə.bəl/ /ˈkʌmf.tə.bəl/ /ˈkʌmf.təɹ.bəl/ /ˈkʌmpf.təbəl/ [ˈkʰɐɱf.tɘ.bɫ̩] adj
rehetî
Providing physical comfort and ease; agreeable. [from 18th c.]
In a state of comfort and content. [from 18th c.]

comforter /ˈkʌmfətə/ /ˈkʌmfəɹtɚ/ n
rayeka navdêrî

comma /ˈkɑ.mə/ /ˈkɒ.mə/ /ˈkɒm.ə/ /ˈkɔm.ə/ n
rût û repal
(entomology) Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Polygonia, having a comma-shaped white mark on the underwings, especially Polygonia c-album and Polygonia c-aureum of North Africa, Europe, and Asia.

command /kəˈmænd/ /kəˈmɑːnd/ n
emir
An order to do something.
(computing) A directive to a computer program acting as an interpreter of some kind, in order to perform a specific task.

commandment /kəˈmændmənt/ /kəˈmændɪmənt/ /kəˈmændɪˌmɛnt/ /kəˈmɑːndmənt/ n
emir
(archaic) Something that must be obeyed; a command or edict.

comme ci comme ça adv
di wê navê de
Neither very well nor very poorly.

commemorate /kəˈmɛməˌɹeɪt/ v
بیره‌وه‌ریی کردن
(transitive) To honour the memory of someone or something with a ceremony or object.
(transitive) To serve as a memorial to someone or something.

commemoration n
bîranîn
The act of commemorating; an observance or celebration to honor the memory of some person or event.

commence /kəˈmɛns/ v
dan destpêkirin
(intransitive) To begin, start.
(transitive) To begin, start.

commend /kəˈmɛnd/ v
meth
(transitive) To praise or acclaim.

commensalism /kəˈmɛnsəˌlɪzm̩/ n
hevxwerî
(ecology) A sharing of the same environment by two organisms where one species benefits and the other is unaffected. An example is barnacles on whales.

commerce /kəˈmɜːs/ /kəˈmɝs/ /ˈkɑ.mɚs/ /ˈkɒm.əs/ n
bazirganî
(business) The exchange or buying and selling of commodities; especially the exchange of merchandise, on a large scale, between different places or communities; extended trade or traffic.

commit suicide v
kuştin
To kill oneself; to take one's own life. (This entry is a translation hub.)

committee [kɑmɪˈtiː] [kɒmɪˈtiː] [kəˈmɪt.i] n
deste
A body of one or more persons convened for the accomplishment of some specific purpose, typically with formal protocols.

commode /kəˈməʊd/ n
kurtan
(euphemistic, US) A toilet.

commodity /kəˈmɑdəti/ /kəˈmɒdəti/ n
baş
(business) Anything movable (a good) that is bought and sold. [from 15th c.]
madeyên xam
(economics) Raw materials, agricultural and other primary products as objects of large-scale trading in specialized exchanges.

common /ˈkɑ.mən/ /ˈkɑ.mɪn/ /ˈkɒm.ən/ /ˈkɒm.ʌn/ adj
cariye
Mutual; shared by more than one.

common bean n
fasûlye
An herbaceous annual plant (Phaseolus vulgaris), grown for its edible bean.
A bean of such a plant, varying in size, shape and especially color.

common buzzard n
şahîn
A bird of prey species, Buteo buteo.

common cold n
arsim
(pathology) A very common, mild viral infection of the nose and throat, whose symptoms include sneezing, sniffling, a running or blocked nose, a sore throat, coughing and a headache.

common crane n
قۆڵه‌نگ
Grus grus, a bird of the crane (Gruidae) family

common kestrel n
teztezok
A small falcon, Falco tinnunculus.

common moorhen n
mirîşka avî
A member of the species Gallinula chloropus.

common quail n
qitbarûd
Coturnix coturnix, a bird in pheasant family.

common raven n
داڵ
A large all-black passerine bird in the crow family, Corvus corax.

common redshank n
çîqsor
A small wader, Tringa totanus.

common shelduck n
werdeka golan
A species of shelduck, Tadorna tadorna.

common sorrel n
tirşo
Rumex acetosa, a taxonomic species within the family Polygonaceae, garden sorrel, native in much of Europe.

common starling n
cîq
A bird of the species Sturnus vulgaris.

common yarrow n
gêjînk
Achillea millefolium, a flowering plant widespread in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, formerly and sometimes used to stanch the flow of blood.

commonly /ˈkɑmənli/ /ˈkɒmənli/ adv
gur û şên
As a rule; frequently; usually.

commonplace /ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs/ /ˈkɒmənˌpleɪs/ adj
alelade
Ordinary; not having any remarkable characteristics.

communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
komunîkasyon
The act or fact of communicating anything; transmission.
(uncountable) The concept or state of exchanging data or information between entities.

communism [ˈkɑ.mju.nɪ.zm̩] [ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪ.zm̩] [ˈkɒm.ju.nɪ.zm̩] [ˈkɔm.jə.nɪ.zm̩] n
komunîzm komûnîzm
Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution.
The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist.

communist /komˈmju.nɪst/ /ˈkɑ.mju.nɪst/ /ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪst/ /ˈkɒm.jʊ.nɪst/ n
sor
(nonstandard) Any revolutionary or subversive radical.

community /k(ə)ˈmju.nə.ti/ /kəˈmjuː.nɪ.ti/ [k(ə)ˈmju.nə.ɾi] n
civak
(countable) A group sharing common characteristics, such as the same language, law, religion, or tradition.
civat
(countable, ecology) A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other.
(uncountable) The condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common.

companion /kəmˈpænjən/ n
heyv
A friend, acquaintance, or partner; someone with whom one spends time or accompanies

company /ˈkʌmp(ə)ni/ /ˈkʌmpəni/ n
şirket
(military) A unit of approximately sixty to one hundred and twenty soldiers, typically consisting of two or three platoons and forming part of a battalion.
A group of individuals who work together for a common purpose.
(uncountable) Companionship.
şirket fîrma
(legal) An entity having legal personality, and thus able to own property and to sue and be sued in its own name; a corporation.

compartment /kəmˈpɑɹtmənt/ /kəmˈpɑːtmənt/ n
valageh
A room, or section, or chamber

compass /ˈkʌmpəs/ n
bûsola
A magnetic or electronic device used to determine the cardinal directions (usually magnetic or true north).

compete /kəm.ˈpiːt/ v
pêşbirkî kirin
To be in battle or in a rivalry with another for the same thing, position, or reward; to contend
To take part in a contest, game or similar event

competition /ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən/ /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/ n
berêkane
(countable) A contest for a prize or award.

complaint /kəmˈpleɪnt/ n
gazin
(legal) In a civil action, the first pleading of the plaintiff setting out the facts on which the claim is based;The purpose is to give notice to the adversary of the nature and basis of the claim asserted.

complement /ˈkɑmpləmənt/ /ˈkɒmpləmənt/ v
temam kirin
To complete, to bring to perfection, to make whole.

complete /kɒmˈpliːt/ /kəmˈpliːt/ v
temam kirin
(ambitransitive) To finish; to make done; to reach the end.
(transitive) To make whole or entire.

completely /kəmˈpliːtli/ adv
به‌ ته‌واوی
(manner) In a complete manner
(degree) To the fullest extent or degree; totally.

complexion /kəmˈplɛkʃən/ n
reng
The quality, colour, or appearance of the skin on the face.

compliance /kəmˈplaɪəns/ n
lêhatin
(uncountable) The state of being compliant.

component /kəmˈpoʊnənt/ /kəmˈpəʊnənt/ n
pêkhate
A smaller, self-contained part of a larger entity. Often refers to a manufactured object that is part of a larger device.

composer /kəmˈpoʊzəɹ/ /kəmˈpəʊzə/ n
awazdaner
Especially, one who composes music.
One who composes; an author.

composition /ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/ n
terkîb
A mixture or compound; the result of composing. [from 16th c.]
qedînek
The proportion of different parts to make a whole. [from 14th c.]
kompozisyon
A work of music, literature or art. [from 17th c.]

compound /kəmˈpaʊnd/ /ˈkɑmpaʊnd/ /ˈkɒmpaʊnd/ n
terkîb
(chemistry) A substance formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements in definite proportions by weight.

comprehend /kɒmpɹɪˈhɛnd/ /kɔmpɹɪˈhend/ /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnd/ v
rayeka navdêrî
To understand or grasp fully and thoroughly. [from 14th c.]

comprehensive /ˌkɑːm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/ /ˌkɒm.pɹɪˈhɛn.sɪv/ adj
fire
Broadly or completely covering; including a large proportion of something.

compromise /ˈkɑmpɹəˌmaɪz/ /ˈkɒmpɹəˌmaɪz/ /ˈkɔmpɹəˌmɑɪz/ v
guncîn
(ambitransitive) To bind by mutual agreement.

computer /kəmˈpjutəɹ/ /kəmˈpjuːtə/ [kəmˈpʰjuɾəɹ] n
xêvjimêr
A programmable electronic device that performs mathematical calculations and logical operations, especially one that can process, store and retrieve large amounts of data very quickly; now especially, a small one for personal or home use employed for manipulating text or graphics, accessing the Internet, or playing games or media. [from 20th c.]

computer science n
informatîk
The study of computers and their architecture, languages, and applications, in all aspects, as well as the mathematical structures that relate to computers and computation.

comrade /-ɹeːd/ /ˈkɑmɹæd/ /ˈkɑmɹəd/ /ˈkɒmɹeɪd/ /ˈkʊmɹeɪd/ /ˈkʌmɹeɪd/ n
dost
A mate, companion, or associate.
براده‌ر
(communism) A fellow socialist, communist or other similarly politically aligned person.
(communism) A non-hierarchical title, functionally similar to "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Miss", "Ms." etc, in a communist, socialist, or Islamist state.

con /kɑn/ /kɒn/ n
dijî
A disadvantage of something, especially when contrasted with its advantages (pros).

concatenation /kɑn.ˌkæt.ɪ.ˈneɪ.ʃən/ /kən.ˌkæt.ə.ˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
zincîr
(countable) A series of links united; a series or order of things depending on each other, as if linked together; a chain, a succession.

concave /kɑnˈkeɪv/ /kɒnˈkeɪv/ /kənˈkeɪv/ /ˈkɑn.keɪv/ /ˈkɒn.keɪv/ adj
zang
Curved like the inner surface of a sphere or bowl.

conceal /kənˈsil/ /kənˈsiːl/ v
veşartin
(transitive) To hide something from view or from public knowledge, to try to keep something secret.

concept /ˈkɑn.sɛpt/ /ˈkɒn.sɛpt/ n
مه‌فهوم
Understanding retained in the mind, from experience, reasoning and imagination; a generalization (generic, basic form), or abstraction (mental impression), of a particular set of instances or occurrences (specific, though different, recorded manifestations of the concept).

conception /kənˈsɛpʃən/ n
havildarbûn
The power or faculty of apprehending of forming an idea in the mind; the power of recalling a past sensation or perception; the ability to form mental abstractions.

concern /kənˈsɜːn/ /kənˈsɝn/ n
dilrencî
The expression of solicitude, anxiety, or compassion toward a thing or person.

concern /kənˈsɜːn/ /kənˈsɝn/ v
bale kirin
(transitive) To relate or belong to; to have reference to or connection with; to affect the interest of; to be of importance to.

concert /kənˈsɜːt/ /kənˈsɝt/ /ˈkɑnsɚt/ /ˈkɒnsət/ n
konsêr
(uncountable) Agreement in a design or plan; union formed by mutual communication of opinions and views; accordance in a scheme; harmony; simultaneous action.
(uncountable) Musical accordance or harmony; concord.
(countable) A musical entertainment in which several voices or instruments take part.

concerto /kənˈt͡ʃɛɹtoʊ/ n
ئاهه‌نگ
(music) A piece of music for one or more solo instruments and orchestra.

concession /kənˈsɛʃən/ n
diyarî
A gift freely given or act freely made as a token of respect or to curry favor.

concierge /ˌkɑn.siˈɛɹʒ/ /ˌkɒn.siˈɛə̯ʒ/ n
destemo
(British) One who attends to the maintenance of a building and provides services to its tenants and visitors.

conciliatory /kənˈsɪl.i.əˌtɔɹ.i/ adj
lihevhêner
Willing to conciliate, or to make concessions.

conclude /kən.ˈkluːd/ v
qedandin
(intransitive) To end; to come to an end.
(obsolete) To include; to comprehend; to shut up together; to embrace; to confine.

conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/ n
[[ئه‌نجام]]
The outcome or result of a process or act.

concourse /ˈkɒŋkɔː(ɹ)s/ n
valageh
A large open space in or in front of a building where people can gather, particularly one joining various paths, as in a rail station or airport terminal, or providing access to and linking the platforms in a railway terminus.

condition /kənˈdɪʃn̩/ /kənˈdɪʃən/ n
barûdox
A particular state of being.
The health status of a medical patient.

condolence /kənˈdoʊləns/ /ˈkɒndələns/ n
sersaxî
(countable, usually, in the plural) An expression of comfort, support, or sympathy offered to the family and friends of somebody who has died.

condom /ˈkɑn.dəm/ /ˈkɒn.dɒm/ /ˈkɒn.dəm/ /ˈkʌn.dəm/ n
kondom
A flexible sleeve made of latex or other impermeable material such as sheepskin, worn over an erect penis during sexual intercourse as a contraceptive or as a way to prevent the spread of STIs.

condone /kənˈdoʊn/ /kənˈdəʊn/ v
bexşandin
(transitive) To forgive, excuse or overlook (something that is considered morally wrong, offensive, or generally disliked).
(transitive, legal) To forgive (marital infidelity or other marital offense).
destûr dan
(transitive) To allow, accept or permit (something that is considered morally wrong, offensive, or generally disliked).

conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ /ˈkɑndʌkt/ /ˈkɒndʌkt/ v
ajotin
(transitive) To carry out (something organized)

conductive /kənˈdʌktɪv/ adj
ajokar
Able to conduct electrical current or heat.

conductor /kənˈdʌktɚ/ n
ajokar
(physics) Something that can transmit electricity, heat, light, or sound.

conduit /ˈkɑnd(j)ʊɪt/ /ˈkɑndɪt/ /ˈkɒnd(j)ʊɪt/ /ˈkɒndɪt/ /ˈkɒndʒʊɪt/ /ˈkʌndɪt/ n
cog
A pipe or channel for conveying water, etc.

cone /ˈkoʊn/ /ˈkəʊn/ n
qoçek
(geometry) A surface of revolution formed by rotating a segment of a line around another line that intersects the first line.
(geometry) A solid of revolution formed by rotating a triangle around one of its altitudes.
Anything shaped like a cone.
(anatomy) Any of the small cone-shaped structures in the retina.
guzik
The fruit of a conifer.

confection /kənˈfɛkʃən/ n
şîrîn
A food item prepared very sweet, frequently decorated in fine detail, and often preserved with sugar, such as a candy, sweetmeat, fruit preserve, pastry, or cake.

confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/ /kənˈfɛkʃənɹi/ n
نوقڵ
(uncountable) Foodstuffs that taste very sweet, taken as a group; candies, sweetmeats and confections collectively.

confer /kənˈfɜː/ /kənˈfʌɹ/ [kʰə̥ɱˈfɚ] v
dan
(transitive) To grant as a possession; to bestow. [from 16th c.]
(intransitive) To talk together, to consult, discuss; to deliberate. [from 16th c.]

confess /kənˈfɛs/ v
xwe ji gunehan weşandin
(religion) To unburden (oneself) of sins to God or a priest, in order to receive absolution.

confession /kənˈfɛʃən/ n
mukur
The open admittance of having done something (especially something bad).
A formula in which the articles of faith are comprised; a creed to be assented to or signed, as a preliminary to admission to membership of a church; a confession of faith.

confirm /kənˈfɜːm/ /kənˈfɝm/ v
pesind bûn
To strengthen; to make firm or resolute.
To assure the accuracy of previous statements.

conflict /kənˈflɪkt/ /ˈkɑn.flɪkt/ /ˈkɒn.flɪkt/ n
berberî
A clash or disagreement, often violent, between two or more opposing groups or individuals.

conflict /kənˈflɪkt/ /ˈkɑn.flɪkt/ /ˈkɒn.flɪkt/ v
bûn
(intransitive) To be at odds (with); to disagree or be incompatible

confound /kənˈfaʊnd/ v
aşiftandin
To fail to see the difference; to mix up; to confuse right and wrong.

confuse /kənˈfjuːz/ v
tevdan
(transitive) To mix up, muddle up (one thing with another); to mistake (one thing for another).

congress /-ɹɛs/ /kənˈɡɹɛs/ /kəŋˈɡɹɛs/ /ˈkɑŋɡɹəs/ /ˈkɒŋˌɡɹɛs/ n
kongre
A formal gathering or assembly; a conference held to discuss or decide on a specific question.
(often, capitalized) A legislative body of a state, originally the bicameral legislature of the United States of America.

conifer /ˈkɒnɪfə(ɹ)/ n
darçîn
(botany) A plant belonging to the order Coniferales; a cone-bearing seed plant with vascular tissue, usually a tree.

conjecture /kənˈd͡ʒek.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /kənˈd͡ʒɛk.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /kənˈd͡ʒɛk.t͡ʃɚ/ n
estimation
(formal) A supposition based upon incomplete evidence; a hypothesis.

conjugation /ˌkɑnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/ /ˌkɒnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/ n
یه‌ک خستن
The coming together of things; union.
(biology) The temporary fusion of organisms, especially as part of sexual reproduction
çivan
(grammar) The product of that act: the conjugated forms of a verb, collected into a list or recitation.

conjunction /kənˈd͡ʒʌŋk.ʃən/ n
gihanek
The act of joining, or condition of being joined.
(grammar) A word used to join other words or phrases together into sentences. The specific conjunction used shows how the two joined parts are related.
(astronomy) The alignment of two bodies in the solar system such that they have the same longitude when seen from Earth.

conk /kɑŋk/ /kɒŋk/ n
ziman
The shelf- or bracket-shaped fruiting body of a bracket fungus (also called a shelf fungus), i.e. a mushroom growing off a tree trunk.

connection /kəˈnɛkʃən/ n
یه‌ک خستن
(uncountable) The act of connecting.

connective tissue n
bestereşane
(anatomy) A type of tissue found in animals whose main function is binding other tissue systems (such as muscle to skin) or organs and consists of the following three elements: cells, fibers and a ground substance (or extracellular matrix).

consanguineous /kɑnsæŋˈɡwɪni.əs/ /kɑnsæŋˈɡwɪnjəs/ /kɒnsaŋˈɡwɪni.əs/ /kɒnsaŋˈɡwɪnjəs/ adj
eqrebe
Related by birth; descended from the same parent or ancestor.

conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/ /ˈkɒn.ʃəs/ /ˈkɒntʃəs/ adj
bîdar
Alert, awake; with one's mental faculties active.

conscription /kənˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
celp
Involuntary labor, especially military service, demanded by some established authority.

consent /kənˈsɛnt/ v
qebûl kirin
(intransitive) To express willingness, to give permission.

consequence /ˈkɑnsɪkwəns/ /ˈkɑnsɪkwɛns/ /ˈkɒnsɪkwɛns/ n
encam
An effect; something that follows a cause as a result.
bandor
conclusion, deduction or inference; the thing concluded.
(especially when preceded by "of") Importance, influence, or significance.

consequent /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwənt/ /ˈkɒn.sɪ.kwənt/ /ˈkɔn.sɪ.kwənt/ n
bandor
An event which follows another.

conservatism n
şopparêzî
A political philosophy that advocates traditional values.

conservative /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ /kənˈsɝvətɪv/ adj
mihafizekar
Tending to resist change or innovation.
(US, Canada, economics, politics, social sciences) Supporting some combination of fiscal, political or social conservatism.
aqildar
Based on pessimistic assumptions.

conservative /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ /kənˈsɝvətɪv/ n
mihafizekar
(US, Canada, economics) A fiscal conservative.
(US, Canada, politics) A person who favors decentralization of political power and disfavors interventionist foreign policy.
(US, Canada, social sciences) A social conservative.
A person who favors maintenance of the status quo.

consider /kənˈsɪdə/ /kənˈsɪdɚ/ /kənˈsɪɾə/ [kənˈsɪɾɚ] v
girtin
(transitive) To take up as an example.
hebûn
To have regard to; to take into view or account; to pay due attention to; to respect.

consideration /kənˌsɪdəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
بیركردنه‌وه
The thought process of considering, of taking multiple or specified factors into account (with of being the main corresponding adposition).
Something considered as a reason or ground for a (possible) decision.

consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/ adv
bisîstem
(manner) In a consistent manner.

consonant /ˈkɑn.sə.nənt/ /ˈkɑns.nənt/ /ˈkɒn.sə.nənt/ n
bêdeng
(phonetics) A sound that results from the passage of air through restrictions of the oral cavity; any sound that is not the dominant sound of a syllable, the dominant sound generally being a vowel.
A letter representing the sound of a consonant.

conspiracy /kənˈspɪɹəsi/ n
desîse
(legal) An agreement between two or more persons to break the law at some time in the future.
(loosely) An agreement to work together to bring something about; an act or instance of conspiring.

constant /ˈkɑnstənt/ /ˈkɒnstənt/ adj
mayinde
Unchanged through time or space; permanent.

constitute /ˈkɑnstɪt(j)uːt/ /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt/ v
çêkirin
(transitive) To set up; to establish; to enact.
hatin pê
(transitive) To make up; to compose; to form.
hilbijartin
(transitive) To appoint, depute, or elect to an office; to make and empower.

constitution /-ˈtʃuː-/ /ˌkɑnstɪˈtuʃ(ə)n/ /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃ(ə)n/ n
organîzasyon
The act, or process of setting something up, or establishing something; the composition or structure of such a thing; its makeup.
[[ده‌ستور]]
(government) The formal or informal system of primary principles and laws that regulates a government or other institutions.
(law) A legal document describing such a formal system.

constitutionalist n
makeqanûnparêz
A person who adheres to the philosophy of constitutionalism.

constrict /kənˈstɹɪkt/ v
dijwar bûn
(ambitransitive) To narrow, especially by application of pressure.

construct /kənˈstɹʌkt/ /ˈkɑn.stɹʌkt/ /ˈkɒn.stɹʌkt/ v
avakirin
(transitive) To build or form (something) by assembling parts.
(transitive, geometry) To draw (a geometric figure) by following precise specifications and using geometric tools and techniques.

constructed language n
zimanê çêkirî
Any language—whether a human language, a programming language, or markup language—that is not a natural language.

construction /kənˈstɹʌkʃən/ n
pexşan
The process of constructing.
pêkhate
The trade of building structures.

constructor /kənˈstɹʌktə/ /kənˈstɹʌktɚ/ n
axur
(automotive) A company or individual who builds racing vehicles. In Formula One, constructor status is strictly defined by the rules, but in other motorsports the term is merely a descriptor. Depending on the racing rules, some constructors (e.g. Cosworth) may provide vehicles to racing teams who are not themselves constructors, while others are both teams and constructors (Ducati Corse, Scuderia Ferrari).

construe /kənˈstɹuː/ /ˈkɒnstəɹ/ n
tercime
A translation.

construe /kənˈstɹuː/ /ˈkɒnstəɹ/ v
bas
(transitive) To interpret (something) to another or publicly, explain the meaning (of something), usually language.

consult /kənˈsʌlt/ v
şêwirîn
(intransitive) To seek the opinion or advice of another; to take counsel; to deliberate together; to confer.
(transitive) To ask advice of; to seek the opinion of (a person)

consume /kənˈsjuːm/ /kənˈsjʉːm/ /kənˈsum/ /kənˈʃuːm/ v
zêha kirin
(transitive) To use up.
xwardin
(transitive) To eat.
qedandin
(transitive) To destroy completely.

consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/ n
biran
The act of eating, drinking or using.
The act of consuming or destroying.

contact /kənˈtækt/ /ˈkɑntækt/ /ˈkɒntækt/ n
nîsk
(informal) A contact lens.

contact /kənˈtækt/ /ˈkɑntækt/ /ˈkɒntækt/ v
bale kirin
(transitive, occasionally, proscribed) To touch; to come into physical contact with.

contemplation /ˌkɑntəmˈpleɪʃən/ /ˌkɒntəmˈpleɪʃən/ n
fikirkirin
The act of contemplating; musing; being highly concentrated in thought

contemporary /kənˈtɛm.p(ə).ɹi/ /kənˈtɛm.p(ə).ɹəɹ.i/ /kənˈtɛm.pəˌɹɛɹ.i/ adj
hevdem
Belonging to or occurring in the same time period (whether past, present, or future)

content /ˈkɑn.tɛnt/ /ˈkɒn.tɛnt/ /ˈkɔn.tɛnt/ n
bergeh
(uncountable) That which is contained.
Subject matter; semantic information (or a portion or body thereof); that which is contained in writing, speech, video, etc.
(algebra, ring theory, of a polynomial with coefficients in a GCD domain) The greatest common divisor of the coefficients; (of a polynomial with coefficients in an integral domain) the common factor of the coefficients which, when removed, leaves the adjusted coefficients with no common factor that is noninvertible.

contention /kənˈtɛnʃən/ n
cedel
Argument, contest, debate, strife, struggle.

contents /ˈkɑn.tɛnts/ /ˈkɒn.tɛnts/ n
bergeh
(usually, in the plural) That which is contained.

contest /kənˈtɛst/ /ˈkɑn.tɛst/ /ˈkɒn.tɛst/ n
berêkane
(countable) A competition.

contiguous /kənˈtɪɡ.ju.əs/ /kənˈtɪɡ.jʉ.əs/ adj
cînar
Adjacent; neighboring.

continent /ˈkɑnt(ə)nənt/ /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n
kîşwer
Each of the traditional main regions into which the Earth’s land surface is divided, now generally regarded as seven in number, each usually including both an extent of mainland and various conventionally associated islands, etc.

contingency plan n
plana B
An alternative plan to be put into operation if needed, especially in case of emergencies, or if a primary plan fails.

contingent /kənˈtɪn.d͡ʒənt/ adj
muhtemel
Possible or liable, but not certain to occur.

continuation /kənˌtɪn.jʉˈæɪ.ʃən/ /kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ [kənˌtɪn.jʉˈæɪ.ʃn̩] n
dewam
The act or state of continuing or being continued; uninterrupted extension or succession

continue /-(j)ɪu̯/ /kənˈtɪnjuː/ v
dewam kirin
(transitive) To proceed with (doing an activity); to prolong (an activity).
(intransitive) To resume.

continuous /-(j)ɪu̯.əs/ /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/ adj
berdewamî
Without stopping; without a break, cessation, or interruption.

continuously /kənˈtɪnjuəsli/ adv
bêrawest
Without pause.

contract /ˈkɑntɹækt/ /ˈkɒntɹækt/ n
peyman
(legal) An agreement which the law will enforce in some way. A legally binding contract must contain at least one promise, i.e., a commitment or offer, by an offeror to and accepted by an offeree to do something in the future. A contract is thus executory rather than executed.

controversy /kənˈtɹɒvəsi/ /ˈkɑntɹəˌvɝsi/ /ˈkɒntɹəˌvɜːsi/ n
cedel
A debate or discussion of opposing opinions; (generally) strife.

convenient /kənˈvinjənt/ /kənˈviːniənt/ adj
guncav
Serving to reduce a difficulty, or accessible with minimum difficulty; expedient.

convention /kənˈvɛn.ʃən/ /ˌkɒnˈvɛn.ʃən/ n
bastan
A meeting or gathering.
A practice or procedure widely observed in a group, especially to facilitate social interaction; a custom.

conversation /ˌkɑn.vəɹˈseɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.vəˈseɪ.ʃən/ [ˌkʰɑɱ.vɚˈseɪ.ʃn̩] [ˌkʰɒɱ.vəˈseɪ.ʃn̩] n
گفتوگۆ
Expression and exchange of individual ideas through talking with other people; also, a set instance or occasion of such talking. [from 16th c.]

converse /kənˈvɜːs/ /kənˈvɝs/ v
suhbet kirin
(formal, intransitive) To talk; to engage in conversation.

convert /kənˈvɜːt/ /kənˈvɝt/ /ˈkɑn.vɚt/ /ˈkɒn.vət/ [kʰə̥ɱˈvɜːt] [kʰə̥ɱˈvɝt] [ˈkʰɑɱ.vɚt] [ˈkʰɒɱ.vət] v
zivartin
(transitive) To express (a unit of measurement) in terms of another; to furnish a mathematical formula by which a quantity, expressed in the former unit, may be given in the latter.

convoy /ˈkɒn.vɔɪ/ n
shamanafar
(nautical) One or more merchant ships sailing in company to the same general destination under the protection of naval vessels.
A group of vehicles travelling together for safety, especially one with an escort.

cook /kuːk/ /kʉk/ /kʊk/ n
aşpêj
(cooking) A person who prepares food.

cook /kuːk/ /kʉk/ /kʊk/ v
pijandin
(ambitransitive) To prepare food for eating by heating it, often combining with other ingredients.
pijînî
(intransitive, figuratively) To be uncomfortably hot.

cookie /ˈkuːki/ /ˈkʊki/ n
bûk
(slang, dated) An attractive young woman.

cooking /ˈkʊk.ɪŋ/ n
xurekpêjî
(uncountable) The process of preparing food by using heat.
aşxane
(uncountable) The style or genre of food preparation.

cool /kul/ /kuːl/ /kʉl/ adj
sar
Allowing or suggesting heat relief.
(of a person) Not showing emotion; calm and in control of oneself.
Unenthusiastic, lukewarm, skeptical.
bariste
(informal) Of a person, knowing what to do and how to behave; behaving with effortless and enviable style and panache; considered popular by others.
nîr
(informal) All right; acceptable.

coolie /ˈkuːli/ n
xulam
An unskilled Asian worker, usually of Chinese or Indian descent; a labourer; a porter. Coolies were frequently transported to other countries in the 19th and early 20th centuries as indentured labourers.

coolness /ˈkuːlnəs/ n
sar
(uncountable) The state of being cool, i.e. chilly.

cop /kɑp/ /kɒp/ /kɔp/ n
polîs
(informal) A police officer or prison guard.

cope /ˈkoʊp/ /ˈkəʊp/ n
cibe
(liturgy) A long, loose cloak worn by a priest, deacon, or bishop when presiding over a ceremony other than the Mass.

copernicium /koʊpəɹˈnɪsi.əm/ n
kopernîsyûm
The transuranic chemical element (symbol Cn) with atomic number 112.

copper /ˈkɑ.pɚ/ /ˈkɒ.pə/ /ˈkɔ.pə/ n
mis
(uncountable) A reddish-brown, malleable, ductile metallic element with high electrical and thermal conductivity, symbol Cu, and atomic number 29.
(countable) A copper coin, typically of a small denomination, such as a penny.
mîs
The reddish-brown colour / color of copper.
(countable, dated) Any of various specialized items that are made of copper, where the use of copper is either traditional or vital to the function of the item.

copy /ˈkɑpi/ /ˈkɒpi/ n
nivîsar
(uncountable) The text of newspaper articles.

copy /ˈkɑpi/ /ˈkɒpi/ v
standin
(radio) To receive a transmission successfully.

copyright /ˈkɑpiˌɹaɪt/ /ˈkɒpiˌɹaɪt/ n
mafê daneriyê
(uncountable) The right by law to be the entity which determines who may publish, copy and distribute a piece of writing, music, picture or other work of authorship.

coral /ˈkɒɹəl/ /ˈkɔɚɹəl/ /ˈkɔɹəl/ n
reng
(countable) A somewhat yellowish orange-pink colour; the colour of red coral (Corallium rubrum) of the Mediterranean Sea, commonly used as an ornament or gem.

cord /kɔɹd/ /kɔːd/ n
kindir
(countable) A long, thin, flexible length of twisted yarns (strands) of fiber (a rope, for example).

core /ko(ː)ɹ/ /koə/ /koɹ/ /kɔː/ [kʰo̞ɹ] n
dendik
The center or inner part of a space or area.
(computer hardware) An individual computer processor, in the sense when several processors (called cores or CPU cores) are plugged together in one single integrated circuit to work as one (called a multi-core processor).
dil
The central part of a fruit, containing the kernels or seeds.
xwe
A technical term for classification of things denoting those parts of a category that are most easily or most likely understood as within it.
The most important part of a thing or aggregate of things wherever located and whether of any determinate location at all; the essence.
(engineering, manufacturing) The portion of a mold that creates a cavity or impression within the part (casting or molded part) or that makes a hole in or through the part.
gêzer
A cylindrical sample of rock or other materials obtained by core drilling.

core sample n
gêzer
A cylindrical section of a naturally occurring substance, typically obtained by drilling into the substance, for example sediment or rock, with a core drill.

cork /kɔɹk/ /kɔːk/ n
karok
The phellem of the cork oak, used for making bottle stoppers, flotation devices, and insulation material.
A bottle stopper made from this or any other material.

corn /kɔɹn/ /kɔːn/ n
dexl
(Commonwealth English, but not Canada, Australia, or New Zealand, uncountable) Any cereal plant (or its grain) that is the main crop or staple of a country or region.
A grain or seed, especially of a cereal crop.

corn poppy n
gulebûk
The common poppy (Papaver rhoeas), of Eurasia.

cornea /ˈkɔː(ɹ)ni.ə/ n
gilêne
(anatomy) The transparent layer making up the outermost front part of the eye, covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.

cornel n
helhelok
Any tree or shrub of the dogwood subgenera, Cornus subg. Arctocrania (syn. Cornus subg. Chamaepericlymenum) or Cornus subg. Cornus, especially Cornus mas, the European cornel.

corner /ˈkɔɹnɚ/ /ˈkɔːnə(ɹ)/ n
rayeka navdêrî
The space in the angle between converging lines or walls which meet in a point.

corner /ˈkɔɹnɚ/ /ˈkɔːnə(ɹ)/ v
zivirîn
(automotive, transitive) To turn a corner or drive around a curve.

cornet /kɔɹˈnɛt/ /ˈkɔːnɪt/ n
kum
A piece of paper twisted to be used as a container.
A pastry shell to be filled with ice-cream, hence (UK, dated) an ice cream cone.

cornflower /ˈkɔɹnˌflaʊ.ɚ/ n
kanêje
A small annual plant in the family Asteraceae, Centaurea cyanus, usually with bushy blue flowers which grows natively in European cornfields (i.e. wheatfields).

corollary /kɒˈɹɒləɹi/ /kɔˈɹoʊˌlɛɹi/ /ˈkɒɹələɹi/ /ˈkɔɹəˌlɛɹi/ n
bandor
(mathematics, logic) A proposition which follows easily from the statement or proof of another proposition.

coronavirus /kəˈɹoʊnəˌvaɪɹəs/ /kəˈɹəʊnəˌvaɪɹəs/ n
koronavîrus
(virology) A member of the family Coronaviridaews, comprising viruses which infect animals and human beings, and the genome of which consists of a single strand of RNA. [from 1968]

corporate /ˈkɔɹ.pəɹ.eɪt/ /ˈkɔɹ.pəɹ.ət/ /ˈkɔɹ.pɹət/ /ˈkɔː.pə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈkɔː.pə.ɹət/ /ˈkɔː.pɹət/ adj
şirket
Of or relating to a corporation.

corporation /ˈkɔːpəˈɹeɪʃən/ /ˌkɔɹpəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
pardariya gelêrî
A body corporate, created by law or under authority of law, having a continuous existence independent of the existences of its members, and powers and liabilities distinct from those of its members.

corps /ko(ː)ɹ/ /ko(ː)ɹz/ /koə/ /koəz/ /koɹ/ /koɹz/ /kɔː/ /kɔːz/ [kʰo̞ɹ] [kʰo̞ɹz] n
beden
(military) A battlefield formation composed of two or more divisions.

corpse /koɹps/ /koːps/ /kɔːps/ /kɔːɹps/ [kʰo̞ɹps] n
cenaze
A dead body, especially that of a human as opposed to an animal.
(archaic, sometimes, derogatory) A human body in general, whether living or dead.

corpus /ˈkɔɹpəs/ /ˈkɔːpəs/ n
kuliyat
(specifically, linguistics) Such a collection in form of an electronic database used for linguistic analyses.

corral /kəˈɹæl/ /kəˈɹɑːl/ n
hevşîk
An enclosure for livestock, especially a circular one.

correction fluid n
ronatî
A white, opaque fluid, applied to paper to mask textual errors; used especially to mask errors in typing so that corrections may be overtyped.

correlation /ˌkɑ.ɹəˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
hevberî
A reciprocal, parallel or complementary relationship between two or more comparable objects.

correspondence /ˌkɑ.ɹəˈspɑn.dəns/ /ˌkɒɹ.əˈspɒn.dəns/ /ˌkɒɹ.ɪˈspɒn.dəns/ /ˌkɔɹ.əˈspɑn.dəns/ n
komînîkasyon
(uncountable) Reciprocal exchange of civilities, especially conversation between persons by means of letters.

corridor /-də/ /ˈkɒɹɪdɔː/ /ˈkɔɹədɚ/ /ˈkɔɹəˌdɔɹ/ n
dehlîz
A narrow hall or passage with rooms leading off it, as in a building or in a railway carriage.
Airspace restricted for the passage of aircraft.

corrie /ˈkɒɹi/ n
sîrk
(Scotland) A bowl-shaped geographical feature formed by glaciation.

corrode /kəˈɹoʊd/ /kəˈɹəʊd/ [kəˈɹoʊ̯d] [kɚˈ(ɹ)oʊ̯d] v
xwardin
(transitive) To consume; to wear away; to prey upon; to impair.

corrosion /kəˈɹoʊʒən/ /kəˈɹəʊʒən/ n
korozyon
The act of corroding or the condition so produced.

corrupt /kəˈɹʌpt/ v
xirab bûn
(transitive) To make corrupt; to change from good to bad; to draw away from the right path; to deprave; to pervert.

corruption /kəˈɹʌpʃən/ n
bêrêtî

cosmonaut /ˈkɒzməˌnɔːt/ n
stêreger
An astronaut, especially a Russian or Soviet one.

cosmos /ˈkɑzmɔɪ/ /ˈkɑzməs/ /ˈkɑzˌmoʊs/ /ˈkɒzmɒs/ /ˈkɒzmɔɪ/ n
barîgeh
(countable) The universe regarded as a system with harmony and order.

cost /ˈkɑst/ /ˈkɒst/ /ˈkɔst/ n
[[به‌ها]]
Amount of money, time, etc. that is required or used.

cost /ˈkɑst/ /ˈkɒst/ /ˈkɔst/ v
bûn male
(transitive, ditransitive) To incur a charge of; to require payment of a (specified) price.
(transitive, ditransitive) To cause something to be lost; to cause the expenditure or relinquishment of.

cost-effective adj
aborî
Returning a benefit that justifies the initial investment; economical.

costly /ˈkɒst.li/ adj
dijwar
Of high cost; expensive.

cotton /ˈkɑt.ən/ /ˈkɒt.ən/ [ˈkɑʔn̩] n
pembû
Gossypium, a genus of plant used as a source of cotton fiber.
Any plant that encases its seed in a thin fiber that is harvested and used as a fabric or cloth.
Any fiber similar in appearance and use to Gossypium fiber.

cotton wool /ˈkɒtən wʊl/ n
pembû
(US) Raw fibers of cotton before being processed.

cottonwood n
چنار
A tree from one of number of species of tree in the genus Populus (poplars), typically growing along watercourses, with fluffy catkins.

couch /kaʊt͡ʃ/ n
qenepe
(North America, Australia, Ireland) An item of furniture, often upholstered, for the comfortable seating of more than one person; a sofa.

couch /kaʊt͡ʃ/ v
nivîsin
To phrase in a particular style; to use specific wording for.

couch potato n
sebze
(idiom) A person who spends a lot of time sitting or lying down, often watching television, eating snacks or drinking alcohol. [from 1976]

cougar /ˈkuɡɚ/ /ˈkuːɡɑː/ /ˈkuːɡə/ [ˈkʰuɡɚ] [ˈkʰuːɡə] n
kûgar
Puma concolor, a wild feline native to the Americas.

cough /kɑf/ /kɒf/ /kɔf/ /kɔːf/ n
kuxik
A sudden, often involuntary expulsion of air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound), and out through the mouth.

cough /kɑf/ /kɒf/ /kɔf/ /kɔːf/ v
kuxîn
Sometimes followed by up: to force (something) out of the lungs or throat by pushing air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound), and out through the mouth.

coulomb /ˈku.loʊm/ /ˈku.lɑm/ /ˈkuː.lɒm/ n
coulomb
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of electric charge; the amount of electric charge carried by a current of 1 ampere flowing for 1 second. Symbol: C

coulter /ˈkəʊltə/ n
kêr
(British) A knife or cutter attached to the beam of a plough to cut the sward, in front of the share and mouldboard.
(British) The part of a seed drill that makes the furrow for the seed.

council /ˈkaʊn.səl/ n
meclis
A committee that leads or governs (e.g. city council, student council).

counsel /ˈkaʊn.səl/ n
amoj
The exchange of opinions and advice especially in legal issues; consultation.
eboqat
A lawyer, as in King's Counsel (KC) or Queen's Counsel (QC).

count /kaʊnt/ n
hesab
The act of counting or tallying a quantity.
hejmar
The result of a tally that reveals the number of items in a set; a quantity counted.

count /kaʊnt/ v
hatin hejmartin
(intransitive) To be of significance; to matter.

countenance /ˈkaʊn.tə.nəns/ /ˈkaʊnt.nəns/ [kæũ̯n.tɪ̆.nəns] n
mirûz
Appearance, especially the features and expression of the face.
Calm facial expression, composure, self-control.

countertop n
textebend
The top surface of a counter, for preparation of food etc.

countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj
bêjimar
(of a number) Too large to be counted to.

country /ˈkaʊntɹi/ /ˈkɐntɹi/ /ˈkʌntɹi/ [ˈkʰʌnt̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷi] n
welat
The territory of a nation, especially an independent nation state or formerly independent nation; a political entity asserting ultimate authority over a geographical area; a sovereign state. [from 14th c.]
A set region of land having particular human occupation or agreed limits, especially inhabited by members of the same race, speakers of the same language etc., or associated with a given person, occupation, species etc. [from 13th c.]
gundewar
(uncountable, usually preceded by “the”) A rural area, as opposed to a town or city; the countryside. [from 16th c.]

country bumpkin n
gundi
(colloquial) An unsophisticated person from the rural area of a particular country.

countryman /ˈkʌntɹimən/ n
acincî
Somebody from a certain country.

countryside /ˈkʌn.tɹiˌsaɪd/ n
gundewar
An area located outside of towns and cities; an area that is not urban or suburban; a rural area.
A rural landscape.

coup d'état /ˌku deɪˈtɑ/ /ˌkuː deɪˈtɑː/ n
derbeya leşkerî
(politics, government) The sudden overthrow of a government, differing from a revolution by being carried out by a small group of people who replace only the leading figures.

couple /ˈkʌpəl/ n
cot
Two partners in a romantic or sexual relationship.

coupling /ˈkʌplɪŋ/ n
baxlema
(software engineering) The degree of reliance between two or more software modules.

coupon /ˈkjuːˌpɑn/ /ˈkjuːˌpɔn/ /ˈkuːpən/ /ˈkuːˌpɑn/ /ˈkuːˌpɒn/ /ˈkuːˌpɔn/ /ˈkuːˌpɔ̃/ [ˈkj̥uˌpan] [ˈkʰuˌpan] n
qenc
A section of a ticket, showing the holder to be entitled to some specified accommodation or service, as to a passage over a designated line of travel, a particular seat in a theater, a discount, etc.
A voucher issued by a manufacturer or retailer which offers a discount on a particular product.

courage /ˈkɝ.ɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkʌɹ.ɪdʒ/ /ˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
cesaret
The quality of being confident, not afraid or easily intimidated, but without being incautious or inconsiderate.
mêranî
The ability to overcome one's fear, do or live things which one finds frightening.

courgette /kɔɹˈʒɛt/ /kɔːˈʒɛt/ /kʊəˈʒɛt/ /kʊɚˈʒɛt/ n
dolmik
(British, Ireland, uncountable) A particular variety of Cucurbita pepo, a small marrow/squash.

courier /ˈkɝ.i.ɚ/ /ˈkʊɹ.i.ɚ/ /ˈkʊɹ.ɪ.ə/ n
pêyamber
A person who delivers messages.

course /koəs/ /koɹs/ /koːɹs/ /kuːɹs/ /kɔɹs/ /kɔːs/ /kɜːs/ /kʊɹs/ n
ziman
A learning programme, whether a single class or (UK) a major area of study.
(music) One or more strings on some musical instruments (such as the guitar, lute or vihuela): if multiple, then closely spaced, tuned in unison or octaves and intended to be played together.

court /ko(ː)ɹt/ /koət/ /koːt/ /kɔɹt/ /kɔːt/ n
dadgeh
The hall, chamber, or place, where justice is administered.
The persons officially assembled under authority of law, at the appropriate time and place, for the administration of justice; an official assembly, legally met together for the transaction of judicial business; a judge or judges sitting for the hearing or trial of cases.
kin
(sports) A place arranged for playing the games of tennis, basketball, handball, badminton, volleyball, squash and some other games

court of law n
dadgeh

courteous /ˈkɜːti.əs/ /ˈkɝti.əs/ adj
delal
Showing regard or thought for others; especially, displaying good manners or etiquette.

courthouse /ˈkɔɹt.haʊs/ n
دادگا
A public building housing courts of law.

cousin /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ /ˈkʌzn̩/ /ˈkʌzɪn/ [ˈkʰɐz.n̩] n
dotmam
(specifically) When used without a qualifying word: the child of a person's parent's brother (that is, an uncle) or sister (an aunt); a cousin-german, a first cousin.

cove /koʊv/ /kəʊv/ n
kendav
A small coastal inlet, especially one having high cliffs protecting vessels from prevailing winds. [from 16th c.]

coven /ˈkʌv.ən/ n
eşîrên kurdan
A formal group or assembly of witches.

cover up v
veşartin
(idiomatic) To conceal or disguise.

cow /kaʊ/ n
çêlek
(biology) A female member of other large species of mammal, including the bovines, moose, whales, seals, hippos, rhinos, manatees, and elephants.
(derogatory, UK, AU, informal) A woman considered unpleasant in some way, particularly one considered nasty, stupid, fat, lazy, or difficult.

cow's milk /kaʊ̯z.mɪlk/ /ˈkaʊ̯zˌmɛlk/ [ˈkʰaʊ̯zˌmɛɫkʰ] [ˈkʰaʊ̯zˌmɪɫkʰ] n
şîr
A white liquid produced by the mammary glands of a cow, and used as food by humans.

coward /ˈkaʊəd/ /ˈkaʊɚd/ n
bêzirav
A person who lacks courage.

cowardice /ˈkaʊə(ɹ)daɪs/ /ˈkaʊədɪs/ /ˈkaʊɚdɪs/ n
newêrekî
Lack of courage.

cowardly /ˈkaʊədli/ adj
bêcesaret
Showing cowardice; lacking in courage; weakly fearful.

cowlick /ˈkaʊˌlɪk/ /ˈkælɪk/ n
simbil
An unruly lock or section of hair that sticks straight out from the skull or lies at an angle at odds with the rest of an individual's hair, like a whorl or vortex.

cowpox n
xurik
A pustular, eruptive skin disease of cattle caused by an Orthopoxvirus, with lesions occurring principally on the udder and teats. Human infection may occur from touching cows, and gives immunity to smallpox.

coy /kɔɪ/ adj
şermok
(dated) Bashful, shy, retiring.
cîlwedar
Pretending shyness or modesty, especially in an insincere or flirtatious way.

crab /kɹæb/ n
kevjal
(uncountable) The meat of this crustacean, served as food; crabmeat.
bizin
(in plural crabs, informal) An infestation of pubic lice (Pthirus pubis).

crab louse n
bizin
A parasitic insect, Pthirus pubis, that lives amongst the pubic hairs of humans and feeds on blood.

crabapple /ˈkɹæbˌæpəl/ n
bih
The fruit of this tree.

crack /kɹæk/ n
çetel
(informal) The space between the buttocks.

crack /kɹæk/ v
şikandin
(transitive) To break open or crush to small pieces by impact or stress.
(transitive) To overcome a security system or component.

cradle /ˈkɹeɪdəl/ v
sallamak
(transitive) To rock (a baby to sleep).

craft /kɹæft/ /kɹɐːft/ /kɹɑːft/ n
bazirgan
hokar
Ability, skilfulness, especially skill in making plans and carrying them into execution; dexterity in managing affairs, adroitness, practical cunning; ingenuity in constructing, dexterity [9th century].
pîşe
(countable, plural crafts) A branch of skilled work or trade, especially one requiring manual dexterity or artistic skill, but sometimes applied equally to any business, calling or profession; the skilled practice of a practical occupation [since the 9th century].
gemî
(countable, plural craft) A vehicle designed for navigation in or on water or air or through outer space [since the 17th century].

craft /kɹæft/ /kɹɐːft/ /kɹɑːft/ v
birîn
To make by hand and with much skill.
kirin
To construct, develop something (like a skilled craftsman).

crafty /ˈkɹæfti/ /ˈkɹɑːfti/ adj
bîdar
Skillful at deceiving others.

cram /kɹæm/ v
ezber kirin
(transitive) To put hastily through an extensive course of memorizing or study, as in preparation for an examination.

cram school n
dersxane
(education) A specialized school that trains students to meet particular goals, most commonly to pass the entrance examinations of high schools or universities.

crampon /ˈkɹæmpɑn/ /ˈkɹæmpən/ n
kitik
An attachment to a shoe or boot that provides traction by means of spikes. Used for climbing or walking on slippery surfaces, especially ice.

crane /kɹeɪn/ n
قۆڵه‌نگ
Any bird of the family Gruidae, large birds with long legs and a long neck which is extended during flight.

crank /kɹæŋk/ n
bêcir
A bent piece of an axle or shaft, or an attached arm perpendicular, or nearly so, to the end of a shaft or wheel, used to impart a rotation to a wheel or other mechanical device; also used to change circular into reciprocating motion, or reciprocating into circular motion.
kes
(US, slang) Synonym of methamphetamine.
(slang) The penis.
paşpêşî
(rare) A twist or turn in speech; word play consisting in a change of the form or meaning of a word.

crank up v
hilketin
(idiomatic) To increase, as the volume, power or energy of something.

crap /kɹæp/ n
gû
(slang, mildly, vulgar, uncountable) Something worthless or of poor quality; junk.
(slang, mildly, vulgar, uncountable) Nonsense; something untrue.
(slang, mildly, vulgar) Faeces/feces.

crapper /ˈkɹæ.pɚ/ n
text
(coarse, _, slang) A chamber pot or toilet, particularly (dated) a flush toilet by Thomas Crapper.

crappy /ˈkɹæpi/ adj
gû
(chiefly, North America, colloquial, mildly, vulgar) Of very poor quality; unpleasant; distasteful.
(chiefly, North America, colloquial, mildly, vulgar, especially with "feel") Bad, sick, or depressed.

crave /kɹeɪv/ v
xwestin
(ambitransitive) To desire strongly, so as to satisfy an appetite; to long or yearn for.

cray-cray adj
dîn
(slang) Crazy.

craye n
قه‌ل
A type of vessel, which was notably used in Denmark and Sweden

crayfish /ˈkɹeɪˌfɪʃ/ n
kevjal
Any of numerous freshwater decapod crustaceans in superfamily Astacoidea or Parastacoidea, resembling the related lobster but usually much smaller.

crazy /ˈkɹeɪ.zi/ /ˈkɹæɪ̯zi/ adj
dîn
Of unsound mind; insane; demented. [from 17th c.]
Out of control.

crazy /ˈkɹeɪ.zi/ /ˈkɹæɪ̯zi/ n
dîn
(slang, countable) An insane or eccentric person; a crackpot.

cream /kɹiːm/ n
gul
The butterfat/milkfat part of milk which rises to the top; this part when separated from the remainder.

cream /kɹiːm/ v
pelixandin
(transitive, slang) To obliterate, to defeat decisively.

cream puff n
kelem
A light, hollow pastry typically filled with cream or custard.

create /kɹiːˈeɪt/ v
afirandin
(especially, of a, god) To bring into existence out of nothing, without the prior existence of the materials or elements used.
(transitive) To bring into existence; (sometimes in particular:)

creation /kɹiˈeɪʃən/ [kɹiˈʲeɪʃɘn] n
afirandin
(uncountable) The act of creating something.

creator /kɹiˈeɪtɚ/ /kɹiːˈeɪtə/ n
afirmend
(social media) Ellipsis of content creator, someone who regularly produces and publishes content on social media, especially of a monetizable nature.
(religion, sometimes, capitalized) The deity that created the world.

creature /kɹiːˈeɪtjʊə/ /ˈkɹiːt͡ʃə/ /ˈkɹiːt͡ʃɚ/ n
bûn
A living being, such as an animal, monster, or alien.

creditor n
Înglîzî
(finance) A person to whom a debt is owed.

creek /kɹik/ /kɹiːk/ /kɹɪk/ [kɹiːk] [kɹɪk] n
çay
(Australia, New Zealand, Canada, US) A stream of water (often freshwater) smaller than a river and larger than a brook; in Australia, also used of river-sized bodies of water.

creek bed n
qerewêle
The bed of a stream.
The dry channel that was formerly the path of a stream.

crevice /ˈkɹɛvɪs/ n
qelîş
A narrow crack or fissure, as in a rock or wall.

crew cut n
firçe
A closely-cropped haircut in which the hairs stick upward, like the short bristles of a brush.

cricket /ˈkɹɪkɪt/ n
kule
An insect in the order Orthoptera, especially family Gryllidae, that makes a chirping sound by rubbing its wing casings against combs on its hind legs.

crime /kɹaɪm/ n
sûc
(countable) A specific act committed in violation of the law.

criminology n
krîmînolojî
The study of crime and criminals, especially their behaviour.

crimson /ˈkɹɪmsən/ /ˈkɹɪmzən/ n
sor
A deep, slightly bluish red.

crisis /ˈkɹaɪsɪs/ n
arîşe
A crucial or decisive point or situation; a turning point.
An unstable situation, in political, social, economic or military affairs, especially one involving an impending abrupt change.
(medicine) A sudden change in the course of a disease, usually at which point the patient is expected to either recover or die.
(psychology) A traumatic or stressful change in a person's life.
(drama) A point in a drama at which a conflict reaches a peak before being resolved.

crisp /kɹɪsp/ adj
زندو
Lively; sparking; effervescing.

criticize /ˈkɹɪtɪsaɪz/ v
buha pê dan
To evaluate (something), assessing its merits and faults.

critter /ˈkɹɪtə/ /ˈkɹɪtɚ/ n
ajal
(usually, affectionate, US, Australia) A creature, an animal.

croak /kɹoʊk/ /kɹəʊk/ v
kuştin
To complain; especially, to grumble; to forebode evil; to utter complaints or forebodings habitually.

crocodile /ˈkɹɑkədaɪl/ /ˈkɹɒkədaɪl/ [ˈkʰɹɑkədaɪɫ] n
bizinmişk timsah
Any of the predatory amphibious reptiles of the family Crocodylidae; (loosely) a crocodilian, any species of the order Crocodilia, which also includes the alligators, caimans and gavials.

crocus /ˈkɹoʊ.kəs/ /ˈkɹəʊ.kəs/ n
pîvok
A perennial flowering plant (of the genus Crocus in the Iridaceae family). Saffron is obtained from the stamens of Crocus sativus.

crone /kɹoʊn/ /kɹəʊn/ n
داپیر
(obsolete) An old man, especially one who talks and acts like an old woman.

crook /kɹuːk/ /kɹʉk/ /kɹʊk/ n
diz
A person who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things; a criminal.

crop /kɹɑp/ /kɹɒp/ n
dexil
The natural production for a specific year, particularly of plants.
simbil
(archaic, or, dialect) The head of a flower, especially when picked; an ear of corn; the top branches of a tree.

cross /kɹɑs/ /kɹɒs/ /kɹɔs/ n
xaç
A geometrical figure consisting of two straight lines or bars intersecting each other such that at least one of them is bisected by the other.
(heraldiccharge) Any geometric figure having this or a similar shape, such as a cross of Lorraine or a Maltese cross.
A wooden post with a perpendicular beam attached and used (especially in the Roman Empire) to execute criminals (by crucifixion).
(Christianity) The Crucifix, the cross on which Christ was crucified.
A place where roads intersect and lead off in four directions; a crossroad (common in UK and Irish place names such as Gerrards Cross).

cross oneself v
xaç derxistin
(Christianity) To make the sign of the cross.

crossover n
bihur
A place where one thing crosses over another.

crotch /kɹɑt͡ʃ/ /kɹɒt͡ʃ/ n
çatel
The area where something forks or branches, a ramification takes place.
gav
The ventral area (very bottom) of the human body between where the legs fork from the torso, in the area of the genitals and anus.

crouch /kɹaʊt͡ʃ/ v
tot bûn
(intransitive) To bend down; to stoop low; to stand close to the ground with legs bent, like an animal when waiting for prey, or someone in fear.

crow /kɹoʊ/ /kɹəʊ/ n
قه‌ل قه‌له‌ڕه‌ش
Any of various dark-coloured nymphalid butterflies of the genus Euploea.

crowd /kɹaʊd/ n
bariste
(with definite article) The so-called lower orders of people; the populace, vulgar.

crown prince n
welîaht
A person designated and raised to become the next king.
A person designated and raised to become the next emperor.

crucian carp n
pelatînk
Carassius carassius, a species of carp found in northern Europe and northern Asia.

crucifix /ˈkɹuː.sɪˌfɪks/ n
xaç
An ornamental or symbolic sculptural representation of Christ on a cross, often worn as a pendant or displayed in a Christian church.

crude /kɹuːd/ /kɹʉd/ adj
xav
In a natural, untreated state.

cruet /ˈkɹu.ɪt/ n
dermanxane
A small bottle or container used to hold a condiment, such as salt, pepper, oil, or vinegar, for use at a dining table.

cruet set n
dermanxane

crust /kɹʌst/ n
bariste
The external, hardened layer of certain foodstuffs, including most types of bread, fried meat, etc.
The bread-like base of a pizza.

crustacean /kɹʌsˈteɪʃən/ n
qalikdar
Any arthropod of the subphylum Crustacea, including lobsters, crabs, shrimp, barnacles and woodlice.

crusty /ˈkɹʌsti/ adj
bêcir
(informal, figuratively, of a person or behavior) Short-tempered and gruff but, sometimes, with a harmless or benign inner nature.

crutch /kɹʌt͡ʃ/ n
گۆچان
A device to assist in motion as a cane, especially one that provides support under the arm to reduce weight on a leg.

cry /kɹaɪ̯/ v
girîn
(intransitive) To shed tears; to weep.

crying /kɹaɪ̯.ɪŋ/ n
girî
The act of one who cries; a weeping or shouting.

cub /kʊb/ /kʌb/ n
têjik
(by extension) The young of certain other animals, including the bear, wolf, lion and tiger.

cubism /ˈkjuː.bɪz.əm/ n
kubizm
(often, capitalized) An artistic movement in the early 20th Century characterized by the depiction of natural forms as geometric structures of planes. [from 1900s]

cuckold /ˈkʌ.koʊld/ /ˈkʌ.kəld/ /ˈkʌ.kəʊld/ n
deyûs
A man married to an unfaithful wife, especially when he is unaware or unaccepting of the fact.

cuckoo /ˈkuː.kuː/ /ˈkʊk.uː/ n
goyîn
The sound of that particular bird.
A person who inveigles themselves into a place where they should not be (used especially in the phrase a cuckoo in the nest).

cucumber /ˈkaʊˌkʌmbəɹ/ /ˈkjuːˌkʌmbə/ /ˈkjuːˌkʌmbɚ/ n
xiyar
The edible fruit of this plant, having a green rind and crisp white flesh.

cucumiform /kjuːˈkjuːmɪfɔːm/ adj
xiyar
Shaped like a cucumber; having the form of a cylinder tapered and rounded at the ends, and possibly curved.

cudgel /ˈkʌd͡ʒəl/ n
sîleh
(figurative) Anything that can be used as a threat to force one's will on another.

cue ball n
kevir
(snooker, pool, billiards) The white ball which, stricken by the cue, collides with the other balls to achieve the object of the particular game.

cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/ n
aşxane
(countable, uncountable) A characteristic style of preparing food, often associated with a place of origin.

culinary art n
aşxane
The art of cooking in particular way, a characteristic style of cooking.

culpable /ˈkʌlpəbəl/ adj
biqebehet
Meriting condemnation, censure or blame, especially as something wrong, harmful or injurious; blameworthy, guilty.

cult /kʌlt/ /ˈkɒlt/ /ˈkʊlt/ [kʰʌlt] n
mezheb
The veneration, devotion, and religious rites given to a deity (especially in a historical polytheistic context), or (in a Christian context) to a saint.

cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ v
çandin
To grow plants, notably crops.
(figurative) To nurture; to foster; to tend.
To turn or stir soil in preparation for planting or as a method of weed control between growing crop plants.

cultivation /ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃən/ n
çand
The art or act of cultivating (improvement of land for or by agriculture), as:

cultural /ˈkʌlt͡ʃ(ə)ɹəl/ /ˈkʌlt͡ʃ(ʊ)əɹəl/ /ˈkʌlt͡ʃɹ(ə)l/ adj
çandeyî
Pertaining to culture.

culture /ˈkʌlt͡ʃə/ /ˈkʌlt͡ʃɚ/ n
çande
The arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation.
(euphemism) Ethnicity, race (and its associated arts, customs, etc.)

cum /kʌm/ n
sperma
(colloquial, often, _, vulgar) Semen.

cum /kʌm/ v
dan avêtin
(slang, often, _, vulgar) To have an orgasm, to feel the sensation of an orgasm.

cumbersome /ˈkʌmbəsəm/ /ˈkʌmbɚsəm/ adj
dijwar
Inert, lumbering, slow in movement

cumin /ˈkjumɪn/ /ˈkjuːmɪn/ /ˈkumɪn/ /ˈkʊmɪn/ /ˈkʌmɪn/ n
reşke
The flowering plant Cuminum cyminum, in the family Apiaceae.
Its aromatic long seed, used as a spice, notably in Indian, Middle Eastern, and Mexican cookery.

cumulonimbus /ˌkju.mjə.loʊˈnɪm.bəs/ /ˌkjuː.mjʊ.ləʊˈnɪm.bəs/ n
ewr
(meteorology) A cloud, with a tall structure and a flat base, that is often associated with thunderstorms.

cumulus /ˈkjuː.mjə.ləs/ n
ewr
A large white, puffy cloud that develops through convection.

cunt /kʌnt/ [-ʔ] [kʰʌ̃nt] n
berzik
(vulgar, countable) The female genitalia, especially the vulva.
(vulgar, offensive, originally, synecdochically , countable) An extremely unpleasant or objectionable person (in US, especially a woman; in Commonwealth more usually a man).
(Ireland, UK, Commonwealth, countable, vulgar, ) An unpleasant or difficult experience or incident.

cup /kʊp/ /kʌp/ n
fincan
A concave vessel for drinking, usually made of opaque material (as opposed to a glass) and with a handle.
A customary unit of measure

cupboard /ˈkʌb.əd/ /ˈkʌb.ɚd/ /ˈkʌp.boɹd/ n
کابینه‌ت
A cabinet, closet, or other piece of furniture with shelves intended for storing cookware, dishware, or food; similar cabinets or closets used for storing other items.

cupful n
fincan
The amount necessary to fill a cup.

cupper n
hicamker
(medicine, archaic) One who performs the operation of cupping.

cur /kɜː/ /kɝ/ n
kûçik
(dated, or, humorous) A detestable person.

cure /kjuːɹ/ /kjɔː/ /kjɝ/ /kjʉːɹ/ /kjʊə/ /kjʊɹ/ /kɜː(ɹ)/ n
چاره‌سه‌ر
A method, device or medication that restores good health.
derman
(figurative) A solution to a problem.

curious /-i.ɪs/ /ˈkjɔː-/ /ˈkjɚ.i.əs/ /ˈkjʊ.ɹi.əs/ /ˈkjʊ.ɹəs/ /ˈkjʊə.ɹi.əs/ adj
bi
Tending to ask questions, or to want to explore or investigate; inquisitive; (with a negative connotation) nosy, prying.
Leading one to ask questions about; somewhat odd, out of the ordinary, or unusual.

curium /ˈkjʊəɹiəm/ n
kuriyûm
A highly fissile transuranic chemical element (symbol Cm) with an atomic number of 96.

curly bracket n
kilîl
Either { or }, having various uses in math, music, computer programming and chemistry.

currency /ˈkɝ.ən.si/ /ˈkʌɹ.ən.si/ n
dirav
Money or other items used to facilitate transactions.

current /ˈkɝ.ənt/ /ˈkɝ.ɪnt/ /ˈkʌɹ.ənt/ /ˈkʌɹ.ɪnt/ adj
derbasdar
Generally accepted, used, practiced, or prevalent at the moment.

current /ˈkɝ.ənt/ /ˈkɝ.ɪnt/ /ˈkʌɹ.ənt/ /ˈkʌɹ.ɪnt/ n
çem
The part of a fluid that moves continuously in a certain direction, especially (oceanography) short for ocean current.

currently /kɝəntli/ /ˈkʌɹəntli/ adv
niha
At this moment, at present, now.

curse /kɜːs/ /kɝs/ n
lanet
A supernatural detriment or hindrance; a bane.
A prayer or imprecation that harm may befall someone.

curt /kɜːt/ /kɝt/ adj
kin
Short or concise.

curtain /ˈkɜɹt(ə)n/ /ˈkɜːtn̩/ [ˈkʰɜɹʔn̩] n
perde
A piece of cloth covering a window, bed, etc. to offer privacy and keep out light.
A similar piece of cloth that separates the audience and the stage in a theater.

curve /kɚv/ /kɜːv/ [ˈkʰɚv] [ˈkʰɜːv] v
badan
(transitive) To bend; to crook.

cushion /ˈkʊʃən/ n
balgih
A soft mass of material stuffed into a cloth bag, used for comfort or support.

custodian /kəˈstoʊdiən/ n
gard
A person entrusted with the custody or care of something or someone; a caretaker or keeper.

custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n
bastan
Frequent repetition of the same behavior; way of behavior common to many; ordinary manner; habitual practice; method of doing, living or behaving.

customer /ˈkʌstəmə/ /ˈkʌstəmɚ/ n
bikir
A patron, a client; one who purchases or receives a product or service from a business or merchant, or intends to do so.

cut /kʊt/ /kʌt/ n
jêkirin
(card games) The act or right of dividing a deck of playing cards.

cut /kʊt/ /kʌt/ v
birrîn
To divide with a knife, scissors, or another sharp instrument.
(intransitive) To admit of incision or severance; to yield to a cutting instrument.
To abridge or shorten a work; to remove a portion of a recording during editing.
(transitive, computing) To remove (text, a picture, etc.) and place in memory in order to paste at a later time.
(transitive, intransitive) To divide a pack of playing cards into two.
(transitive, slang) To make, to negotiate, to conclude.
birîn
To perform an incision on, for example with a knife.

cut in v
birrîn
To join a queue in the middle, as opposed to at the back.

cut off v
birrîn
(transitive) To remove via cutting.
(transitive) To isolate or remove from contact.
(transitive) To end abruptly.

cut out v
girtin
(transitive, informal) To refrain from (doing something, using something etc.), to stop or cease (doing something).
hilanîn
(transitive) To remove, omit.

cut the mustard /kʌt ðə ˈmʌstəd/ /kʌt ðə ˈmʌstəɹd/ v
jêkirin
(intransitive, idiomatic) To achieve the expected standard; to be effective or good enough; to suffice.

cute /kjuːt/ /kɪu̯t/ adj
şirîn
Possessing physical features, behaviors, personality traits or other properties that are mainly attributed to infants and small or cuddly animals; e.g. fair, dainty, round, and soft physical features, disproportionately large eyes and head, playfulness, fragility, helplessness, curiosity or shyness, innocence, affectionate behavior.
Lovable, charming, attractive or pleasing, especially in a youthful, dainty, quaint or fun-spirited way.

cutting edge n
devik
The sharp edge of the blade of a knife or other cutting tool.

cwm /kuːm/ /kʊm/ n
sîrk
A valley head created through glacial erosion and with a shape similar to an amphitheatre.

cybernetics /ˌsaɪ.bə(ɹ)ˈnɛ.tɪks/ n
sîbernetîk
The theory/science of communication and control in living organisms or machines.

cycle /ˈsaɪ.kəl/ /ˈsɑɪ.kəl/ [ˈsaɪ.kl̩] [ˈsɑɪ.kl̩] n
dewr
A complete rotation of anything.
A process that returns to its beginning and then repeats itself in the same sequence.
duçerxe
A series of poems, songs or other works of art, typically longer than a trilogy.
bername
A programme on a washing machine, dishwasher, or other such device.

cycling /ˈsaɪk(ə)lɪŋ/ n
rayeka navdêrî
(uncountable) The sport of riding and racing cycles, especially bicycles.

cylinder /ˈsɪləndɚ/ /ˈsɪlɪndə(ɹ)/ [ˈsɪlɪ̈ndɚ] n
balûle
(geometry) A surface created by projecting a closed two-dimensional curve along an axis intersecting the plane of the curve.
(geometry) A solid figure bounded by a cylinder and two parallel planes intersecting the cylinder.
dahol
A container in the form of a cylinder with rounded ends for storing pressurized gas; a gas cylinder.
The part of a revolver that contains chambers for the cartridges.

cytology /saɪˈtɑləd͡ʒi/ /saɪˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ n
sîtolojî
(biology) The study of cells.

cytoplasm /ˈsaɪtoʊˌplæzəm/ /ˈsaɪtəʊˌplæzəm/ n
sîtoplazma
(cytology) The contents of a cell except for the nucleus. It includes cytosol, organelles, vesicles, and the cytoskeleton.

dabble /ˈdæb.əl/ [ˈdæb.l̩] [ˈdɛəb.l̩] v
pê ve hatin kirin
(intransitive, figuratively) To participate or have an interest in an activity in a casual or superficial way.

dad /dæd/ n
bav
(informal) A father, a male parent.

daddy /ˈdædi/ n
bav
(slang, obsolete) The person who gives away the bride at a wedding, in the absence of her actual father.

dagger /ˈdæɡə/ /ˈdæɡəɹ/ n
xencer
(weapons) A stabbing weapon, similar to a sword but with a short, double-edged blade.

dah /dɑː/ n
te
The spoken representation of a dash in radio and telegraph Morse code.

daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj
rojane
That occurs every day, or at least every working day

daily /ˈdeɪli/ n
rojname
A newspaper that is published every day.
xebatkare rojanî
(UK) A cleaner who comes in daily.

daintiness /ˈdeɪntɪnəs/ n
lezet
The characteristic of being dainty.

daisy /ˈdeɪ.zi/ n
beybûn
The wild flowering plant Bellis perennis of the Asteraceae family, with a yellow head and white petals
Any of numerous other flowering plants of various species, mostly among the asterids.

dale /deɪl/ n
دۆڵ
(mainly, Britain, slightly dated outside Yorkshire etc.) A valley, often in an otherwise hilly area.

dam /dæm/ n
به‌ربه‌ست
A structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow or part of the flow, generally for purposes such as retaining or diverting some of the water or retarding the release of accumulated water to avoid abrupt flooding.

dammit /ˈdæmət/ /ˈdæmɪt/ interjection
lanet
(mildly, vulgar) Expressing anger, irritation, contempt, or disappointment.

damn it interjection
kerxane
(mildly, profane) An expression of surprise, outrage, or frustration.

damnify /ˈdæmnɪfaɪ/ v
ziyan gihandin
(legal) To cause injuries or loss to.

dampen /ˈdæmpən/ v
şil kirin
(transitive) To make damp or moist; to make moderately wet.

damson /ˈdæmzən/ n
مراوی
The edible fruit of this tree.

dance /dæn(t)s/ /dɑːns/ [dans] [deən(t)s] [däns] [däːns] [dæns] [dæːns] [dɐːns] [dɑːns] [dɛən(t)s] [ɖɑːns] v
reqisîn
(intransitive) To move with rhythmic steps or movements, especially in time to music.

dancer /ˈdæns.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈdæns.ɚ/ /ˈdɑːns.ə(ɹ)/ n
govendgêr
A person who dances, usually as a hobby, an occupation, or a profession.

dandelion /ˈdæn.dəˌlaɪ.ən/ /ˈdæn.dɪˌlaɪ.ən/ n
qalîşk
(countable) Any of the several species of plant in the genus Taraxacum, characterised by yellow flower heads and notched, broad-ended leaves, especially the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale).

dangerous /ˈdeɪnd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəs/ /ˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚs/ /ˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚəs/ /ˈdeɪnʒ(ə)ɹəs/ /ˈdeɪnʒɹəs/ adj
talûke
Full of danger.

dank /deɪŋk/ /dæŋk/ adj
ceza
(figuratively, of marijuana) Moist and sticky, (by extension) highly potent.

dapper /ˈdæpə(ɹ)/ adj
شۆخ
Stylishly dressed, neatly dressed, spiffy.

daring /ˈdɛə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈdɛɚ.ɪŋ/ /ˈdɛɹɪŋ/ n
mêranî
Boldness.

dark /dɑɹk/ /dɑːk/ adj
tarî
Having an absolute or (more often) relative lack of light.
(of colour) Dull or deeper in hue; not bright or light.

dark blue n
kesk
A deep, dim blue colour: navy or similar.

darkness /ˈdɑɹknɪs/ /ˈdɑːknəs/ n
tarîtî
(uncountable) The state of being dark; lack of light; the absolute or comparative absence of light.

darling /ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/ /ˈdɑːlɪŋ/ adj
tek
Dear; cherished.
xweş
Charming, very cute.

darling /ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/ /ˈdɑːlɪŋ/ n
bihagiran
A person who is dear to one.

darmstadtium /dɑːɹmˈʃtɑːtiəm/ n
darmstadtiyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Ds) with atomic number 110.

dart /dɑɹt/ /dɑːt/ [daɹt̚] [daɹɾ̥] n
xencer
(sometimes, figurative) Anything resembling such a missile; something that pierces or wounds like such a weapon.

dash /dæʃ/ n
te
(by extension) The longer of the two symbols of Morse code.

dash /dæʃ/ v
avêtin
(transitive, dated) To mix, reduce, or adulterate, by throwing in something of an inferior quality.

data /ˈdeɪtə/ /ˈdætə/ /ˈdɐːtə/ /ˈdɑːtə/ [ˈdeɪ.ɾə] [ˈdäːɾə] [ˈdæ.ɾə] n
داتا
(collectively, uncountable) Information, especially in a scientific or computational context, or with the implication that it is organized.

date /deɪt/ n
xurme
The fruit of the date palm, Phoenix dactylifera, somewhat in the shape of an olive, containing a soft, sweet pulp and enclosing a hard kernel.

daughter /ˈdoːtɐ/ /ˈdɑ.tɚ/ /ˈdɔ.tɚ/ /ˈdɔ.t̬ɚ/ /ˈdɔːtə(ɹ)/ [ˈdɑ.ɾɚ] [ˈdɔ.ɾɚ] n
keç qîz
One’s female offspring.

daughter-in-law /ˈdɔːtə(ɹ)ɪnˌlɔː/ n
bûk
The wife of one's child.

dauphin /doʊˈfæ̃/ /ˈdɔ.fən/ /ˈdɔ.fɪn/ /ˈdɔː.fɪn/ /ˈdəʊ.fæ̃/ n
delfin
The eldest son of the king of France. Under the Valois and Bourbon dynasties, the Dauphin of France, generally shortened to Dauphin, was heir apparent to the throne of France. The title derived from the main title of the Dauphin, Dauphin of Viennois.

dawn /doːn/ /dɑn/ /dɔn/ /dɔːn/ n
berbang
(uncountable) The morning twilight period immediately before sunrise.
(countable) The rising of the sun.
(uncountable) The time when the sun rises.

day /deɪ/ /dæɪ/ n
roj رۆژ
(informal, or, meteorology) A 24-hour period beginning at 6am or sunrise.
A period of time between two set times which mark the beginning and the end of day in a calendar, such as from midnight to the following midnight or (Judaism) from nightfall to the following nightfall.
A period of contention of a day or less.
A period of confusion of a day or more.
roj
The part of a day period which one spends at one’s job, school, etc.

day after tomorrow adv
دوو سبه‌ی
(This entry is a translation hub.)

day laborer n
xebatkare rojanî
A laborer who is hired and paid one day at a time, with no promise that more work will be available in the future.

daylight /ˈdeɪlaɪt/ /ˈdeɪˌlaɪt/ n
roj
The light from the Sun, as opposed to that from any other source.
The period of time between sunrise and sunset.

days /ˈdeɪz/ n
jiyan
Life.

daytime /ˈdeɪtaɪm/ n
roj
The time of daylight; the time between sunrise and sunset.

dead /diːd/ /dɛd/ adj
mirî
(, usually, not comparable) No longer living; deceased. (Also used as a noun.)
(not comparable) No longer used or required.
(rare, especially, religion, often with "to") Indifferent to; having no obligation toward; no longer subject to or ruled by (sin, guilt, pleasure, etc).

dead duck n
cenaze
(idiomatic) One who is in serious danger or trouble.
(idiomatic) A project that is doomed to failure from the start.

dead weight n
kostek
(figuratively) That which is useless or excess; that which slows something down.

deadman n
cenaze
(obsolete) A corpse

deaf /diːf/ /dɛf/ adj
kerr
Unable to hear, or only partially able to hear.

deaf person n
kerr
(This entry is a translation hub.)

deal /diːl/ n
dest
(card games) The distribution of cards to players; a player's turn for this.
eqd
An agreement between parties; an arrangement.

deal /diːl/ v
avêtin
(baseball) To pitch.
(intransitive) To handle, to manage, to cope.
firotin
(ambitransitive) To sell, especially to sell illicit drugs.

dean /diːn/ [diːn] [dĩːn] n
dêkan
A senior official in a college or university, who may be in charge of a division or faculty (for example, the dean of science) or have some other advisory or disciplinary function (for example, the dean of students).

dear /diːɹ/ /dɪə/ /dɪɹ/ adj
evin
Loved; lovable.
[[دیاره‌]]
A formal way to start (possibly after my) addressing somebody at the beginning of a letter, memo etc.

dearth /dɜːθ/ /dɝθ/ n
xela
A period or condition when food is rare and hence expensive; famine.
qehtî
(by extension) Scarcity; a lack or short supply.

death /diːθ/ /dɛθ/ n
mirin merg
Execution (in the judicial sense).
(often, capitalized) The personification of death as a (usually male) hooded figure with a scythe; the Grim Reaper.
(figuratively, especially followed by of-phrase) A cause of great stress, exhaustion, embarrassment, or another negative condition (for someone).
(preceded by the) The collapse or end of something.
(figurative) Spiritual lifelessness.
mirin merg wefat
The cessation of life and all associated processes; the end of an organism's existence as an entity independent from its environment and its return to an inert, nonliving state.

death penalty n
cezayê mirinê
(legal) A punishment in which the offender is put to death by the state.

death sentence n
cezayê mirinê
(legal) A decree that someone be put to death as a punishment for a crime; a sentence of execution.

death throe n
êş
(mostly, in the plural) Struggle that is followed by death.

debar /dɪˈbɑː(ɹ)/ v
rê li ber girtin
(transitive) To exclude or shut out; to bar.

debate /di-/ /də-/ /dɪˈbeɪt/ n
seriketin
An informal and spirited but generally civil discussion of opposing views.
(uncountable) Discussion of opposing views.

debate /di-/ /də-/ /dɪˈbeɪt/ v
seriketin
(ambitransitive, reciprocal) To participate in a debate; to dispute, argue, especially in a public arena. [from 14th c.]

debt /dɛt/ n
deyn
An action, state of mind, or object one has an obligation to perform for another, adopt toward another, or give to another.
(finance) Money that one person or entity owes or is required to pay to another, generally as a result of a loan or other financial transaction.

decane n
dêkan
(organic compound) Any of the 75 isomers of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H22

decay /di.ˈkeɪ/ /dɪˈkeɪ/ v
dijwar bûn
(intransitive) To deteriorate, to get worse, to lose strength or health, to decline in quality.

decease /dɪˈsiːs/ v
mirin
(now, rare) To die.

deceased /diˈsist/ /diˈsizd/ /dɪˈsist/ /dɪˈsizd/ /dɪˈsiːst/ /dɪˈzizd/ adj
merg
No longer alive; dead.

deceased /diˈsist/ /diˈsizd/ /dɪˈsist/ /dɪˈsizd/ /dɪˈsiːst/ /dɪˈzizd/ n
cenaze
A dead person.

deceit /dɪˈsiːt/ n
hîle
An act or practice intended to deceive; a trick.

deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ v
xapandin
(transitive) To trick or mislead.

decent /ˈdiːsənt/ adj
guncav
Appropriate; suitable for the circumstances.
biterbiye
(of a person) Having a suitable conformity to basic moral standards; showing integrity, fairness, or other characteristics associated with moral uprightness.
berdest
(informal) Sufficiently clothed or dressed to be seen.
biehliyet
Fair; acceptable; okay.
Significant; substantial.

deception /dɪˈsɛpʃən/ n
derew
An instance of actions and/or schemes fabricated to mislead someone into believing a lie or inaccuracy.

decile /ˈdɛs.əl/ /ˈdɛsˌaɪl/ [ˈdiːsaɪɫ] [ˈdɛsaɪɫ] n
dehem
Any one of the ten subsets or groups so divided.

decimal /ˈdɛs.məl/ /ˈdɛs.ə.məl/ /ˈdɛs.ɪ.məl/ /ˈdɛs.ɪ.məɫ/ n
sîstema dehaniyê
(countable) A number expressed in the base-ten system, (particularly) a fractional numeral written in this system.

decimal point n
nuqte
(typography) A period/full stop ⟨.⟩ or middot ⟨·⟩ used to set off the decimal or fractional part of a number.

decimal system n
sîstema dehaniyê
(mathematics) A numerical system of counting in tens.

decimate /ˈdɛsəmeɪt/ /ˈdɛsɪmeɪt/ v
birîn
(proscribed) To reduce to one-tenth: to destroy or remove nine-tenths of (something).

decimetre /ˈdɛsɪmiːtəɹ/ n
desîmetre
(metrology) An SI unit of length equal to 10−1 metres. Symbol: dm

decision /dɪˈsɪʒən/ [dɪˈsɪʒn̩] n
bîryar

deck /dɛk/ n
guverte
Any raised flat surface that can be walked on: a balcony; a porch; a raised patio; a flat rooftop.

declare /dəˈklɛɚ/ /dɪˈklɛə/ /dɪˈklɛɚ/ v
bas
(obsolete, transitive) To make clear, explain, interpret.
agahdar kirin
(transitive, intransitive) To assert or announce formally, officially, explicitly, or emphatically.
şirove kirin
(transitive) To inform government customs or taxation officials of goods one is importing or of income, expenses, or other circumstances affecting one's taxes.
(card games) To show one's cards in order to score.
(intransitive, politics) For a constituency in an election to officially announce the result

declension /dɪˈklɛn.ʃən/ n
çivan
(grammar) A way of categorizing nouns, pronouns, or adjectives according to the inflections they receive.

decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
nexş
The act of adorning, embellishing, or honoring; ornamentation.
Specifically, any mark of honor to be worn upon the person, as a medal, cross, or ribbon of an order of knighthood, bestowed for services in war, great achievements in literature, art, etc.
kêlsim
Any item that adorns, enriches, or beautifies; something added by way of embellishment or ornamentation.

decorative /ˈdek.ə.ɹə.tɪv/ /ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/ /ˈdɛk.ɹə.tɪv/ [ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.ɾɪv] [ˈdɛk.ɹə.ɾɪv] adj
dekoratîf
That serves to decorate

decrease /dɪˈkɹiːs/ /ˈdiːkɹiːs/ v
hendik bûn
(intransitive) Of a quantity, to become smaller.

deed /diːd/ n
livîn
An action or act; something that is done.
Action or fact, as opposed to rhetoric or deliberation.
belgename
(legal) A legal instrument that is executed under seal or before a witness; sometimes required for certain legal activities, such as the transfer of certain kinds of property.

deen n
dîn
(Islam) religion; religiosity; the way of life of a pious Muslim

deep /diːp/ adj
kûr
Extending far down from the top, or surface, to the bottom, literally or figuratively.

deep water n
av
Waters suitable for deep-draft ships, especially ocean-going.
(idiomatic) A difficult or embarrassing situation.

deer /diːɹ/ /dɪə/ /dɪɹ/ n
gakûvî
A ruminant mammal with antlers and hooves of the family Cervidae, or one of several similar animals from related families of the order Artiodactyla.

defamation /ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən/ n
carisî
The act of injuring another person's reputation by any slanderous communication, written or oral; the wrong of maliciously injuring the good name of another.

defecate /ˈdɛfɪkeɪt/ /ˈdɛfɪkət/ v
derketina destavê

defective /dɪˈfɛktɪv/ adj
عه‌یبدار
Having one or more defects.

defend /diˈfɛnd/ /dəˈfɛnd/ /dɪˈfɛnd/ v
berevanî kirin
(transitive) To ward off attacks against; to fight to protect; to guard.

defense /dɪˈfɛns/ /ˈdiːˌfɛns/ n
parêzî
The action of defending or protecting from attack, danger, or injury.
parastin
Anything employed to oppose attack(s).

defer /dɪˈfɜː(ɹ)/ /dɪˈfɝ/ v
دوای ئه‌خات
(intransitive) To delay, to wait.

define /dɪˈfaɪn/ v
ravekirin
To describe, explain, or make definite and clear; used to request the listener or other person to elaborate or explain more clearly his or her intended meaning of a word or expression.

definition /ˌdɛf.əˈnɪʃ.ən/ /ˌdɛf.ɪˈnɪʃ.ən/ [ˌdɛf.əˈnɪʃ.n̩] [ˌdɛf.ɪˈnɪʃ.n̩] n
پێناسه‌
(semantics, lexicography) A statement of the meaning of a word or word group or a sign or symbol (dictionary definitions).
terîfkirin
The act of defining; determination of the limits.

defunct /dɪˈfʌŋkt/ /ˌdiˈfʌŋkt/ adj
mirî
(now, _, rare) Deceased, dead.

defunction /dəˈfʌŋkʃən/ n
emrê Xwedê
(obsolete) Death.

degenerate /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹeɪt/ /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹɪt/ v
xirab bûn
(transitive) To cause to lose good or desirable qualities.

degeneration /dɪˌdʒɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
له‌ بار که‌وتن
(uncountable, countable) The process or state of growing worse, or the state of having become worse.

degree /dɪˈɡɹiː/ n
پله‌
(geometry) A unit of measurement of angle equal to 1⁄360 of a circle's circumference. [from 14th c.]
(physics) A unit of measurement of temperature on any of several scales, such as Celsius or Fahrenheit. [from 18th c.]
The amount that an entity possesses a certain property; relative intensity, extent. [from 14th c.]

degree Celsius n
pileya Celsiusî
A metric unit of temperature, a derived unit of the International System of Units. Symbol: °C

deleterious /ˌdɛləˈtɪɹi.əs/ /ˌdɛlɪˈtɪəɹi.əs/ /ˌdɪlɪˈtɪəɹi.əs/ adj
bizerar
Harmful, often in a subtle or unexpected way.

deliciousness n
lezet
The state or quality of being delicious.

delight /dəˈlaɪt/ /dɪˈlaɪt/ n
kêf
Joy; pleasure.

delighted /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/ adj
dilxweş
Greatly pleased.

delineate /dɪˈlɪniːeɪt/ v
tarîfkirin
To describe or depict with words or gestures.

delirious /dɪˈlɪəɹɪ.əs/ /dɪˈlɪɹɪ.əs/ adj
dînikî
Having uncontrolled excitement; ecstatic.

delivery /dɪˈlɪv(ə)ɹi/ n
za
The act of giving birth
birêvebirin
(medicine) The administration of a drug.

delta /ˈdɛltə/ [ˈdɛɫtə] n
delta
The fourth letter of the modern Greek alphabet Δ, δ.
A landform at the mouth of a river where it empties into a body of water.

delude /dəˈluːd/ /dɪˈljuːd/ /dɪˈluːd/ v
xapandin
(transitive) To deceive into believing something which is false; to lead into error; to dupe.

deluge /dəˈlud͡ʒ/ /ˈdi.lud͡ʒ/ /ˈdɛ.lud͡ʒ/ /ˈdɛl.jud͡ʒ/ /ˈdɛl.juːdʒ/ n
feyîz
An overwhelming amount of something; anything that overwhelms or causes great destruction.

demand /dəˈmænd/ /dɪˈmænd/ /dɪˈmɑːnd/ n
daxwaz
The desire to purchase goods and services.

demand /dəˈmænd/ /dɪˈmænd/ /dɪˈmɑːnd/ v
daxwaz
To request forcefully.

demise /dɪˈmaɪz/ n
mirin
(countable) Death.

democracy /dɪˈmɑ.kɹə.si/ /dɪˈmɒk.ɹə.si/ /dɪˈmɔk.ɹə.si/ n
demokrasî
(uncountable) Rule by the people, especially as a form of government; either directly or through elected representatives (representative democracy).
(countable, government) A government under the direct or representative rule of the people of its jurisdiction.

democratic /ˌdɛməˈkɹætɪk/ [-ɾɪk] adj
demokratîk
Pertaining to democracy; constructed upon or in line with the principle of government chosen by the people.

demon /ˈdiː.mən/ n
acenî
An evil spirit resident in or working for Hell; a devil. [from 10th c.]
A person's inner spirit or genius; a guiding or creative impulse. [from 14th c.]
Someone with great strength, passion or skill for a particular activity, pursuit etc.; an enthusiast. [from 19th c.]

den /dɛn/ /dɪn/ n
zang
A small cavern or hollow place in the side of a hill, or among rocks; especially, a cave used by a wild animal for shelter or concealment.
A group of Cub Scouts of the same age who work on projects together.

denigrate /ˈdɛn.ɪ.ɡɹeɪt/ v
reş kirin
(transitive) To criticise so as to besmirch; traduce, disparage or defame.
(rare) To blacken.
kêm xistin
(transitive) To treat as worthless; belittle, degrade or disparage.

denizen /ˈdɛn.ɪ.zən/ n
rûniştvan
An inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in a certain place.

denomination /dɪˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
tuxm
(countable) A unit in a series of units of weight, money, etc.

dense /dɛns/ adj
biteql
Having relatively high density.

density /ˈdɛn.sə.ti/ /ˈdɛn.sɪ.ti/ [ˈdɛn.sə.ɾi] n
tîrbûn
(physics) A measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume.

dental calculus n
kevir
A hard crust of calcium salts and food particles on the teeth, developing from plaque.

dentist /ˈdɛntɪst/ n
diransaz
A medical doctor who specializes in teeth.

deodorant /diˈoʊdəɹənt/ /diˈəʊdəɹənt/ n
deodorant
An odor-controlling substance applied to the underarm to counteract odor from perspiration.

deoxyribonucleic acid /di.ɒk.sɪˌɹaɪ.bəʊ.njuːˈkleɪ.ɪk ˈæ.sɪd/ /di.ɔk.siˌɹaɪ.boʊ.nuːˈkleɪ.ɪk ˈæ.sɪd/ n
asîda deoksirîbonukleîn
(biochemistry, genetics) A nucleic acid found in all living things (and some non-living things such as certain viruses) which consists of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix; encoded in its structure are genetic instructions for development, functioning, growth, and reproduction.

depart /dɪˈpɑɹt/ /dɪˈpɑːt/ v
çûn
(intransitive, figurative) To disappear, vanish; to cease to exist.
(transitive) To go away from; to leave.

department /dɪˈpɑɹtmənt/ /dɪˈpɑːtm(ə)nt/ n
beş
A subdivision of an organization.

departure /dɪˈpɑː(ɹ)tjə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈpɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
emrê Xwedê
(euphemism) A death.
lîstok
(navigation) The distance due east or west made by a ship in its course reckoned in plane sailing as the product of the distance sailed and the sine of the angle made by the course with the meridian.
(legal) The desertion by a party to any pleading of the ground taken by him in his last antecedent pleading, and the adoption of another

dependent /dɪˈpɛndənt/ adj
bende
Relying upon; depending upon.

dependent /dɪˈpɛndənt/ n
bende
A person who relies on another for support or sustenance, particularly financial support.

depict /dɪˈpɪkt/ v
teswîr kirin
To render a representation of something, using words, sounds, images, or other means. [from early 15th c.]

deploy /dɪˈplɔɪ/ v
şandin
(transitive, ergative) To prepare and arrange (usually military unit or units) for use.

deposit /dɪˈpɑzɪt/ /dɪˈpɒzɪt/ n
derhûd
A sum of money given as a security for a borrowed item, which will be given back when the item is returned, e.g. a bottle deposit or can deposit

depot /ˈdepɐʉ/ /ˈdiːpoʊ/ /ˈdɛpoʊ/ /ˈdɛpəʊ/ n
[[ئێستگه‌]]
(US) A bus station or railway station.

deprecation /ˌdɛpɹɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
dua
(countable) A praying against evil; prayer that an evil may be removed or prevented; strong expression of disapprobation.

depression /dəˈpɹɛʃ(ə)n/ /dɪˈpɹɛʃən/ n
depresyona klînîkê
(psychology, usually, uncountable) A state of mind producing serious, long-term lowering of enjoyment of life or inability to visualize a happy future.
(psychology, countable) A period of low morale or unhappiness (a period of experiencing the above-mentioned state of mind) which lasts longer than several weeks and may include ideation of self-inflicted injury or suicide.
arîşe
(economics) A period of major economic contraction.

deprived /dɪˈpɹaɪvd/ adj
pêmen
Subject to deprivation; poor.

depth /dɛpθ/ n
kûrayî
the vertical distance below a surface; the degree to which something is deep

depths /dɛpθs/ n
dil
The most severe or involved period.

deputize /ˈdɛpjutaɪz/ /ˈdɛpjətaɪz/ v
pîşandin
(transitive) To officially empower, authorize, pronounce, and establish (someone) to be a deputy.

deputy /ˈdɛpjəti/ /ˈdɛpəti/ n
bervedar
(Ireland, often, capitalized) A member of Dáil Éireann, or the title of a member of Dáil Éireann.

derive /dɪˈɹaɪv/ v
bi dest xistin
(transitive) To obtain or receive (something) from something else.
(transitive, logic) To deduce (a conclusion) by reasoning.
derketin
(intransitive) To originate or stem (from).

derrière /ˌdɛɹiˈɛə(ɹ)/ n
qûn
(chiefly, humorous) Bottom, bum, backside.

descend /di-/ /dəˈsɛnd/ /dɪˈsɛnd/ v
daketin
(intransitive) To physically move or pass from a higher to a lower place or position; to come or go down in any way, such as by climbing, falling, flowing, walking, etc.; to move downwards; to fall, to sink.
(transitive) To pass from a higher to a lower part of (something, such as a flight of stairs or a slope); to go down along or upon.

describe /dəˈskɹaɪb/ /dɪˈskɹaɪb/ v
ravekirin
(transitive) To represent in words.

descry /dɪˈskɹaɪ/ v
oruspu cocuklari
(transitive) To see, especially from afar; to discover (a distant or obscure object) by the eye; to espy; to discern or detect.

desert /dəˈzɑɹt/ /ˈdɛz.ət/ /ˈdɛz.ɚt/ n
beyaban
(informal) In particular, a barren, arid area of land which is hot, with sandy, rocky, or parched ground.
A barren area of land or desolate terrain, especially one with little water or vegetation; a wasteland.

deserter /dɪˈzɜːtə(ɹ)/ n
firarê leşkerîyê
(military) A person who has physically removed him- or herself from the control or direction of a military or naval unit with the intention of permanently leaving

deserve /dəˈzɝv/ /dɪˈzɜːv/ /dɪˈzɝv/ v
heq kirin
(transitive) To be entitled to, as a result of past actions; to be worthy to have.
(obsolete) To serve; to treat; to benefit.

desiccate /dɪˈsɪkeɪt/ /ˈdɛsɪkeɪt/ /ˈdɛsɪkət/ v
hişk kirin
(transitive) To preserve by drying. [from late 16th c.]

design /dɪˈzaɪn/ n
kompozisyon
The composition of a work of art.
firûz
Intention or plot.

desire /diˈzaɪɚ/ /diˈzaɪɹ/ /dɪˈzaɪə/ /dɪˈzaɪɚ/ /dɪˈzaɪɹ/ n
نیاز
xwestek
(countable) Someone or something wished for.

desire /diˈzaɪɚ/ /diˈzaɪɹ/ /dɪˈzaɪə/ /dɪˈzaɪɚ/ /dɪˈzaɪɹ/ v
نیاز
To want emotionally or sexually.

desist /dɪˈsɪst/ /dɪˈzɪst/ v
dest jê berdan
(ambitransitive, formal) To cease to proceed or act; to stop (often with from).

desk /dɛsk/ n
cizdan
A table, frame, or case, in past centuries usually with a sloping top but now usually with a flat top, for the use of writers and readers. It often has a drawer or repository underneath.
A station for a string player in an orchestra, consisting of a chair and a music stand, or a row of such stations.

desktop /ˈdɛsktɒp/ [ˈdɛsk.ˌtɑp] [ˈdɛsk.ˌtɒp] [ˈdɛsk.ˌtɔp] n
nivîsgeh
(computing, GUI) The main graphical user interface of an operating system, usually displaying icons, windows and background wallpaper.

despise /dɪˈspaɪz/ v
kêm xistin
To regard with contempt or scorn.

despotism /ˈdɛspətɪzəm/ n
despotîzm
Government by a despot or despots: rule by a singular authority, either a single person or a tight-knit group, which rules with absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.

dessert /dɪˈzɜːt/ /dɪˈzɝt/ n
şêranî
A sweet dish or confection served as the last course of a meal.

destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/ n
gol
(countable) The place set for the end of a journey, or to which something is sent; place or point aimed at.

destitute /ˈdɛstɪtjuːt/ /ˈdɛstɪtuːt/ /ˈdɛstɪtʃuːt/ adj
xizan
(followed by the preposition "of") Lacking something; devoid.

destroy /dɪˈstɹɔɪ/ v
tune kirin
(ambitransitive) To damage beyond use or repair; to damage (something) to the point that it effectively ceases to exist.

destruction /dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/ n
ناهێشتن
The act of destroying.

detail /dɪˈteɪl/ /ˈditeɪl/ /ˈdiːteɪl/ n
agahî
(countable) A person's name, address and other personal information.

detailed /dɪˈteɪld/ /ˈdiːteɪld/ adj
bikitekit
Characterized by attention to detail and thoroughness of treatment.

detain /dɪˈteɪn/ v
girtin
(transitive, law enforcement) To put under custody.

deteriorate /dəˈtɪɹ.i.eɪt/ /dəˈtɪɹ.iə.ɹeɪt/ /dɪˈtɪə.ɹɪ.eɪt/ /dɪˈtɪə.ɹɪə.ɹeɪt/ v
له‌ بار که‌وتن
(transitive) To make worse; to make inferior in quality or value; to impair.
(intransitive) To grow worse; to be impaired in quality; to degenerate.

detonate /ˈdɛtəneɪt/ /ˈdɛʔ.ə.neɪt/ v
peqandin
(intransitive) To explode; to blow up. Specifically, to combust or decompose supersonically via shock compression.
(transitive) To cause to explode.

detrimental /ˌdɛtɹɪˈmɛntəl/ adj
bizerar
Causing damage or harm.

deuce /djuːs/ /dus/ /d͡ʒuːs/ /ˈdjʉs/ /ˈd͡ʒʉs/ n
didu
The number two.

deuterium /djuːˈtɪəɹɪəm/ /djuːˈtɪɹi.əm/ /dʒuːˈtɪəɹɪəm/ n
doteryûm
(isotope) An isotope of hydrogen with one proton and one neutron in each atom - 21H.

develop /dɛˈʋɛ.ləp/ /dɪˈvɛl.əp/ /ˈdɛʋ.ləp/ v
hatin
(ambitransitive) To progress through a sequence of stages.
perisandin
(transitive) To advance; to further; to promote the growth of.

developed /dɪˈvɛləpt/ adj
[[ئاواکردنه‌وه‌]]
(said of a country) Industrialized; not third-world.

development /dɪˈvɛləpmənt/ n
[[ئاواکردنه‌وه‌]]
(chess, uncountable) The active placement of the pieces, or the process of achieving it.

device /dəˈvaɪs/ /dɪˈvaɪs/ n
alav
Any piece of equipment made for a particular purpose, especially a mechanical or electrical one.

devil /ˈdɛvəl/ /ˈdɛvɪl/ n
acenî

devotion /dɪˈvoʊʃən/ /dɪˈvəʊʃən/ n
dilsozî
(uncountable) Feeling of strong or fervent affection; dedication

dew /d(j)uː/ /djuː/ /dɪu̯/ /d͡ʒ(j)uː/ n
xunav
(uncountable) Moisture in the air that settles on plants, etc in the morning or evening, resulting in drops.

di- /daɪ/ prefix
du
Double, twice the quantity.

diabetes /dajaˈbitis/ /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/ /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtɪs/ n
diyabet
Diabetes mellitus; any of a group of metabolic diseases whereby a person (or other animal) has high blood sugar due to an inability to produce, or inability to metabolize, sufficient quantities of the hormone insulin. [from 19th c.]

diagnosis /daɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/ n
nasan
The process of, or an instance of, identification of the nature and cause of something (of any nature).

diagnostics n
teşxîs
The process of determining the state of or capability of a component to perform its function(s)

dial /ˈdaɪ.əl/ [ˈdaɪ.əɫ] v
lê gerrîn
(transitive) To select a number, or to call someone, on a telephone.

dialect /ˈdaɪ.əˌlɛkt/ n
lehce
(linguistics, strict sense) A lect (often a regional or minority language) as part of a group or family of languages, especially if they are viewed as a single language, or if contrasted with a standardized idiom that is considered the 'true' form of the language (for example, Bavarian as contrasted with Standard German).
(linguistics, broad sense) A variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular area, community, or social group, differing from other varieties of the same language in relatively minor ways as regards grammar, phonology, and lexicon.

dialectology n
dialektolojî
The study of dialects.

dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ /ˈdaɪəˌlɑɡ/ /ˈdaɪəˌlɔɡ/ n
گفتوگۆ
A conversation or other form of discourse between two or more individuals.
(authorship) In a dramatic or literary presentation, the verbal parts of the script or text; the verbalizations of the actors or characters.

diameter /daɪˈæməɾɚ/ /daɪˈæmɪtə(ɹ)/ /daɪˈæmɪɾɚ/ n
tîre
(geometry) The length of such a line.

diamond /ˈdaɪ.(ə.)mənd/ n
elmas
(uncountable) A glimmering glass-like mineral that is an allotrope of carbon in which each atom is surrounded by four others in the form of a tetrahedron.
A gemstone made from this mineral.

diaphragm /ˈdaɪəˌfɹæm/ n
dîyafram
(anatomy) In mammals, a sheet of muscle separating the thorax from the abdomen, contracted and relaxed in respiration to draw air into and expel air from the lungs; also called thoracic diaphragm.

diarrhea /ˌdaɪ.əˈɹiː.ə/ n
zikçûn
A gastrointestinal disorder characterized by frequent and very soft or watery bowel movements.
The watery or very soft excrement that comes from such bowel movements.

diary /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɹi/ /ˈdaɪ.ɹi/ n
rojnivîsk
A daily log of experiences, especially those of the writer.

dick /dɪk/ n
balînde
(countable, and, uncountable, vulgar, slang) The penis.

dickhead /ˈdɪ.kɛd/ /ˈdɪkˌhɛd/ n
belût
(vulgar) The glans penis.
(vulgar, pejorative, synecdochically) A stupid or useless person.

dictate /ˈdɪkˌteɪt/ /ˌdɪkˈteɪt/ n
emir
An order or command.

dictatorship /dɪkˈteɪtə(ɹ)ʃɪp/ /ˈdɪkteɪtəɹʃɪp/ n
dîktatorî
A type of government where absolute sovereignty is allotted to an individual or a small clique.

dictionary /ˈdɪkʃnəɹi/ /ˈdɪkʃənəɹi/ /ˈdɪkʃənɹi/ /ˈdɪkʃəˌnɛɹi/ n
ferheng khebernivis
A reference work with a list of words from one or more languages, normally ordered alphabetically, explaining each word's meanings (senses), and sometimes also containing information on its etymology, pronunciation, usage, semantic relations, and translations, as well as other data.

die /daɪ/ n
zar
An isohedral polyhedron, usually a cube, with numbers or symbols on each side and thrown in games of chance.
kêç
(obsolete) That which is, or might be, determined, by a throw of the die; hazard; chance.

die /daɪ/ v
mirin
(intransitive) To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death.

diesel /ˈdisəl/ /ˈdizəl/ /ˈdiːzəl/ n
mazot
A fuel derived from petroleum (or other oils) but heavier than gasoline/petrol. Used to power diesel engines which burn this fuel using the heat produced when air is compressed.

diet /ˈdaɪət/ n
diyet
The food and beverage a person or animal consumes.
parleman
(usually capitalized as a proper noun) A council or assembly of leaders; a formal deliberative assembly.

different /ˈdɪfəɹ(ə)nt/ /ˈdɪfəɹənt/ /ˈdɪfɹənt/ adj
cuda
Not the same; exhibiting a difference.
Unlike most others; unusual.

difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ adj
قورس
Hard, not easy, requiring much effort.

dig /dɪɡ/ v
هه‌ڵقه‌ندن
(transitive, intransitive) To move hard-packed earth out of the way, especially downward to make a hole with a shovel. Or to drill, or the like, through rocks, roads, or the like. More generally, to make any similar hole by moving material out of the way.

digest /daɪˈd͡ʒɛst/ /dəˈd͡ʒɛst/ v
akort kirin
(transitive) To distribute or arrange methodically; to work over and classify; to reduce to portions for ready use or application.

digestion /daɪˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/ /dɪˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/ n
heris
The process, in the gastrointestinal tract, by which food is converted into substances that can be used by the body.

digestive system n
koendama herisê
(anatomy) A system of organs for the purpose of digesting food.

digit /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪt/ n
reqem
(mathematics) A distinct symbol representing a natural number in a positional number system.
til
(historical, _, units of measure) A unit of length notionally based upon the width of an adult human finger, standardized differently in various places and times, (especially) the English digit of 1⁄16 foot, now equivalent to about 1.9 cm.
pêçî
(anatomy) A narrow extremity of the human hand or foot: a finger, thumb, or toe.

digital /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪtl̩/ adj
dijîtal
Property of representing values as discrete, often binary, numbers rather than a continuous spectrum.

dilapidated /dɪˈlæpɪdeɪtəd/ adj
kevn
Having fallen into a state of disrepair or deterioration, especially through neglect.

dilapidation /dəˌlæp.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/ n
xwedînekirin
(in the plural) Money paid at the end of an incumbency by the incumbent or his heirs for the purpose of putting the parsonage etc. in good repair for the succeeding incumbent.

dildo /ˈdɪldoʊ/ /ˈdɪldəʊ/ [ˈdɪɫdoʊ] [ˈdɪɫdəʊ] n
dîldo
An artificial phallus (penis) for sexual use.

diligent /ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/ adj
xebathez
Performing with industrious concentration; hard-working and focused.

dilute /daɪˈljuːt/ /daɪˈlut/ /dɪˈlut/ v
birrîn
(transitive) To make thinner by adding solvent to a solution, especially by adding water.

dimension /daɪˈmɛnʃən/ /dɪˈmɛnʃən/ n
rehend
(geometry) The number of independent coordinates needed to specify uniquely the location of a point in a space; also, any of such independent coordinates.
(science fiction, fantasy) A universe or plane of existence.

dimple /ˈdɪmpəl/ n
rayeka navdêrî
Specifically, a small natural depression on the skin, especially on the face near the corners of the mouth.

dinar /ˈdiːnɑː(ɹ)/ n
dînar
The official currency of several countries, including Algeria, Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Serbia, Tunisia and (as denar) North Macedonia.

dine /daɪn/ v
şîv
(intransitive) To eat; to eat dinner or supper.

dinghy /ˈdɪŋ(ɡ)i/ /ˈdɪŋ.i/ n
lêheytandin
(nautical) A small open boat, propelled by oars or paddles, carried as a tender, lifeboat, or pleasure craft on a ship.

dinner /ˈdɪnə/ /ˈdɪnəɹ/ [ˈdɪnɚ] n
başûr
A midday meal (in a context in which the evening meal is called supper or tea).
şîv
The main meal of the day, often eaten in the evening.

dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈdʌɪnəsɔːɹ/ n
dînozor
(proscribed) Any extinct reptile, not necessarily belonging to Dinosauria, that existed between about 230 million and 65 million years ago.

diode /ˈdaɪoʊd/ /ˈdaɪəʊd/ n
diyod
(electronics) An electronic device that allows current to flow in one direction only; used chiefly as a rectifier.

diphtheria /dɪfˈθɪəɹɪə/ /dɪfˈθɪɹi.ə/ /dɪpˈθɪəɹɪə/ /dɪpˈθɪɹi.ə/ n
dîfterî
(pathology) A serious infectious disease leading to inflammation of mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

dipper /ˈdɪpə/ /ˈdɪpɚ/ n
kefçe
A cup-shaped vessel with a long handle, for dipping into and ladling out liquids; a ladle or scoop.

dipsomania /ˌdɪpsə(ʊ)ˈmeɪnɪə/ n
alkolîzm
(disease) Addiction to alcohol.

direct /d(a)ɪˈɹɛkt/ /daɪ̯əˈɹɛkt/ /dəˈɹɛkt/ adj
heq
Proceeding without deviation or interruption.

directory /daɪˈɹɛktəɹi/ /dɪˈɹɛktəɹi/ n
peldank
A list of names, addresses etc, of specific classes of people or organizations, often in alphabetical order or in some classification.

dirt /dɜːt/ /dɝt/ n
qirêjî
(chiefly, US) Soil or earth.
A stain or spot (on clothes etc); any foreign substance that worsens appearance.
Previously unknown facts or rumors about a person.
(figurative) Meanness; sordidness.
(mining) In placer mining, earth, gravel, etc., before washing.
Freckles.
(archaic) Excrement; dung.

dirty /ˈdɜːti/ /ˈdɝti/ [ˈdɝɾi] adj
pîs
Unclean; covered with or containing unpleasant substances such as dirt or grime.
qilêr
Morally unclean; obscene or indecent, especially sexually.
Dishonourable; violating accepted standards or rules.
Corrupt, illegal, or improper.
Of color, discolored by impurities.

dirty trick n
desîse
An unkind trick.

disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/ /ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n
paşwendî
A weakness or undesirable characteristic; a con.
A setback or handicap.

disagreeable [dɪsəˈɡɹi.əbəɫ] adj
ناخۆش
(archaic) Not suitable; that does not conform or fit.

disappear /dɪsəˈpiːɹ/ /dɪsəˈpɪə/ /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ v
ji navê rabûn
(intransitive) To vanish.
(transitive, often, euphemistic) To make vanish; especially, to abduct or murder for political reasons.

disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ n
dilsarî
(countable) An example or the act of disappointing: a circumstance in which a positive expectation is not achieved.

discern /dɪˈsɜːn/ /dɪˈsɝn/ /dɪˈzɜːn/ /dɪˈzɝn/ v
dîtin
(transitive) To detect with the senses, especially with the eyes.

discharge /dɪsˈtʃɑɹdʒ/ /dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/ /ˈdɪstʃɑɹdʒ/ /ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ/ v
şandin
(medicine) To release (an inpatient) from hospital.

discipline /ˈdɪs.ə.plən/ /ˈdɪs.ə.plɪn/ /ˈdɪs.ɪ.plɪn/ n
dîsiplîn
A controlled behaviour; self-control.
A punishment to train or maintain control.
A category in which a certain art, sport or other activity belongs.
alaş
A specific branch of knowledge, learning, or practice.

discontinue /dɪskənˈtɪnju/ v
girtin
(transitive) To interrupt the continuance of; to put an end to, especially as regards commercial productions; to stop producing, making, or supplying.

discord /dɪsˈkɔɹd/ /dɪsˈkɔːd/ /ˈdɪskɔɹd/ /ˈdɪskɔːd/ n
cedel
Lack of concord, agreement or harmony; disaccord.
Tension or strife resulting from a lack of agreement; dissension.

discourse /dɪsˈko(ː)ɹs/ /dɪsˈkoəs/ /dɪsˈkɔː(ɹ)s/ /ˈdɪsko(ː)ɹs/ /ˈdɪskoəs/ /ˈdɪskɔː(ɹ)s/ n
seriketin
(uncountable, archaic) Verbal exchange, conversation.
peyv
(uncountable) Expression in words, either speech or writing.

discrepancy /dɪsˈkɹɛpənsi/ n
nakokî
An inconsistency between facts or sentiments.
The state or quality of being discrepant.

discus /ˈdɪs.kəs/ n
dîsk
A round plate-like object that is thrown for sport.
avêtina dîskê
(uncountable, athletics) The athletics event of discus throw.

discus throw n
avêtina dîskê
(athletics) An athletic throwing event where the object to be thrown is a heavy lenticular disc called discus.

discussion /dɪsˈkʊʃən/ /dɪˈskʌʃən/ n
seriketin
Conversation or debate concerning a particular topic.

disease /dəˈziz/ /dɪˈziz/ /dɪˈziːz/ n
nexweşî
(medicine) An abnormal condition of a human, animal or plant that causes discomfort or dysfunction; distinct from injury insofar as the latter is usually instantaneously acquired.

diseased /dɪˈzizd/ /dɪˈziːzd/ adj
nexweş
Affected with or suffering from disease.

disgorge /dɪsˈɡɔːdʒ/ v
hilavêtin
To vomit or spew, to discharge.

disgusting /dɪsˈkʌstɪŋ/ /dɪsˈɡʊstɪŋ/ /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/ /dɪˈskʊstɪŋ/ adj
menfur
Causing disgust; repulsive; distasteful.

dish /dɪʃ/ n
teyfik
A vessel such as a plate for holding or serving food, often flat with a depressed region in the middle.
tas
The contents of such a vessel.

dish up v
rokirin
(transitive) To serve (cooked food); to take (food) from the oven, pots, etc. and put in dishes to be served at table.

dishwasher /ˈdɪʃˌwɑʃɚ/ /ˈdɪʃˌwɒʃə/ n
amanşok
A machine for washing dishes.

disk /dɪsk/ n
dîsk
A thin, flat, circular plate or similar object.
(figuratively) Something resembling a disk.

dismay /dɪsˈmeɪ/ n
tirs
A sudden or complete loss of courage and firmness in the face of trouble or danger; overwhelming and disabling terror; a sinking of the spirits

dismount /dɪsˈmaʊnt/ v
daketin
(intransitive) To come down; to descend.

disparate /dɪˈspæɹət/ /dɪˈspɛɹət/ /ˈdɪsp(ə)ɹət/ /ˈdɪsp(ə)ɹɪt/ adj
herî cûda
Composed of inherently different or distinct elements; incongruous.

dispatch /dəˈspæt͡ʃ/ /dɪˈspætʃ/ n
دایره‌
A message sent quickly, as a shipment, a prompt settlement of a business, or an important official message sent by a diplomat, government official, military officer, etc.
The act of doing something quickly.

dispatch /dəˈspæt͡ʃ/ /dɪˈspætʃ/ v
hinartin
(transitive) To dispose of speedily, as business; to execute quickly; to make a speedy end of; to finish; to perform.

dispense /dɪˈspɛns/ v
berdan
dan
To issue, distribute, or give out.
amade kirin
To supply or make up a medicine or prescription.

dispose /dɪsˈpoʊz/ /dɪˈspəʊz/ v
rayeka navdêrî
(intransitive, used with "of") To eliminate or to get rid of something.

dispute /dɪsˈpjuːt/ /ˈdɪs.pjuːt/ v
nirxandin
to oppose by argument or assertion; to controvert; to express dissent or opposition to; to call in question; to deny the truth or validity of

disquietude /dɪˈskwaɪ.ɪ.tjud/ /dɪˈskwaɪ.ɪ.tjuːd/ /dɪˈskwaɪə.tjuːd/ /dɪˈskwaɪə.tud/ n
endîşe
(uncountable) A state of disquiet, uneasiness, or anxiety.

disrobe /dɪsˈɹoʊb/ /dɪsˈɹəʊb/ v
ji ber kirin
(transitive) To undress someone or something.
(intransitive) To undress oneself.

disruption /dɪsˈɹʌpʃən/ /dɪzˈɹʊpʃən/ /dɪzˈɹʌpʃən/ n
qutbûn
An interruption to the regular flow or sequence of something.

dissatisfaction /dɪsˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/ n
gazin
Unhappiness or discontent.

dissatisfied /dɪsˈsætɪsˌfaɪd/ adj
gazin
Feeling or displaying disappointment or a lack of contentment.

disseminate /dɪˈsɛmɪˌneɪt/ v
rayeka navdêrî
(transitive) To sow and scatter principles, ideas, opinions, etc, or concrete things, for growth and propagation, like seeds.

dissolve /dɪˈzɑlv/ /dɪˈzɒlv/ v
hatin bişaftin
(physical chemistry) (transitive) To disintegrate chemically into a solution by immersion into a liquid or other material.

distance /ˈdɪst(ə)ns/ n
jêkirin
(military) The amount of space between soldiers or cavalry riders marching or standing in a rank; also, the amount of space between such ranks.

distance learning n
perwerdeya mesafeyî
Education obtained remotely, often involving written material together with audio-visual material transmitted via the internet and, sometimes, summer schools and local tutorials.

distant /ˈdɪstənt/ adj
dûr
Far off (physically, logically or mentally).

distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/ n
cewazî
That which distinguishes; a single occurrence of a determining factor or feature, the fact of being divided; separation, discrimination.

distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/ adj
cihê
Distinguishing, used to or enabling the distinguishing of some thing.

distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ v
ji hev cuda kirin
To recognize someone or something as different from others based on its characteristics.

distinguished /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃt/ adj
binbar birêz navdar
celebrated, well-known or eminent because of past achievements; prestigious

distraught /dɪsˈtɹɔːt/ adj
pergende
Deeply hurt, saddened, or worried; incapacitated by distress.

distress /dɪˈstɹɛs/ n
dilrencî
Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
A cause of such discomfort.

distressed /dɪˈstɹɛst/ adj
azardedil
Anxious or uneasy.

distributive /dɪsˈtɹɪbjʊtɪv/ adj
parîkirin
(grammar) Expressing separation; denoting a taking singly, not collectively.

disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ /dɪˈstɝb/ v
aciz kirin
(transitive) to confuse a quiet, constant state or a calm, continuous flow, in particular: thoughts, actions or liquids.

diurnal /daɪˈɜːnəl/ /daɪˈɝ.nəl/ adj
rojnivîsk
(uncommon) Done once every day; daily, quotidian.

divan /dɪˈvæn/ /ˈdaɪ.væn/ n
qenepe
A couch- or sofa-like piece of furniture made of a mattress lying against the wall and on either the floor or an elevated structure.

dive /daɪv/ v
soberîkirin
(intransitive) To swim under water.

diversity /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/ /dɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/ n
çeşîddarî
The quality of being diverse or different; difference or unlikeness.

divination /ˌdɪvɪˈneɪʃən/ n
kehanet
(uncountable) The act of divining; a foreseeing or foretelling of future events.

divine /dɪˈvaɪn/ adj
pîroz
Of or pertaining to a god.
Eternal, holy, or otherwise godlike.

division /dɪˈvɪʒən/ n
beş
(uncountable) The act or process of dividing anything.
Each of the separate parts of something resulting from division.
cedel
A disagreement; a difference of viewpoint between two sides of an argument.

division ring n
beden
(algebra) A ring with 0 ≠ 1, such that every non-zero element a has a multiplicative inverse, meaning an element x with ax = xa = 1.

division sign n
parvek
(mathematics) Any symbol (in particular ÷, / or : ) used to denote the operation of division.

divisor /dɪ.ˈvaɪ.zə(ɹ)/ /dɪ.ˈvaɪ.zɚ/ n
dabeşker
(arithmetic) A number or expression by which another is to be divided.

divorce /dɪˈvo(ː)ɹs/ /dɪˈvoəs/ /dɪˈvɔɹs/ /dɪˈvɔːs/ n
telaq
The legal dissolution of a marriage.
A separation of connected things.

divorce /dɪˈvo(ː)ɹs/ /dɪˈvoəs/ /dɪˈvɔɹs/ /dɪˈvɔːs/ v
telaq dan
(transitive) To legally dissolve a marriage between two people.

divorced /dɪˈvɔː(ɹ)st/ adj
telaqdayî
(of a marriage) Legally dissolved.
(of persons formerly married) Having had one's marriage legally dissolved.

divorcee /-eɪ/ /dɪvɔɹˈsi/ /dɪvɔːˈsiː/ n
telaqdayî
A divorced person.

divorcé /dɪvɔɹˈseɪ/ /dɪˈvɔːseɪ/ n
telaqdayî
A divorced man.

divulge /daɪˈvʌld͡ʒ/ /dɪˈvʌld͡ʒ/ v
diyar bûn
(transitive) To make public or known; to communicate to the public; to tell (information, especially a secret) so that it may become generally known.

dizziness n
dewx
The state of being dizzy; the sensation of instability.

do /du/ /duː/ /də/ /dʉː/ /dʊ/ /d͡ʒ/ v
rûniştin
(pro-verb) A syntactic marker that refers back to an earlier verb and allows the speaker to avoid repeating the verb; in most dialects, not used with auxiliaries such as be, though it can be in AAVE.
çêkirin
(transitive) To perform; to execute.
çûn
(intransitive, transitive) To suffice.
li gorî bûn
(intransitive) To be reasonable or acceptable.
herîn
(intransitive) To fare, perform (well or poorly).
[[مێشوله‌]]
(transitive, chiefly in questions) To have as one's job.
pê xebitîn
(transitive) To take drugs.

do in v
kuştin
(transitive, colloquial) To kill or end; to defeat..

do the laundry v
şûştin
To wash the laundry.

doctor /ˈdɑktɚ/ /ˈdɒktə/ /ˈdɔktə/ n
cebar
A person who has attained a doctorate, such as a Ph.D. or Th.D. or one of many other terminal degrees conferred by a college or university.

doctrine /ˈdɑk.tɹɪn/ /ˈdɒk.tɹɪn/ n
doktrin
(countable) A belief or tenet, especially about philosophical or theological matters.
(countable, and, uncountable) The body of teachings of an ideology, most often a religion, or of an ideological or religious leader, organization, group, or text.

document /ˈdɑkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɑkjʊmɛnt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmɛnt/ v
pelikandin
To record in documents.

doe /doʊ/ /dəʊ/ n
pilêr
A female squirrel.

doff /dɑf/ /dɒf/ /dɔf/ v
hilanîn
(clothing) To remove or take off (something such as clothing).

dog /dɑɡ/ /dɒɡ/ /dɔɡ/ n
kûçik se
A mammal of the family Canidae:

dog collar n
gerdenî
A close-fitting woman's necklace.

dog days /ˈdɒɡ deɪz/ /ˈdɔɡ deɪz/ n
germepêl
(archaic) The days following the heliacal rising of Sirius, now in early August (Gregorian) at dates varying by latitude.
The unpleasantly hot days of late summer.

dog meat n
kûçik
Meat from a dog eaten as food.

dog paddle n
kûçik
A swimming stroke in the style of a dog swimming.

dog-ear /ˈdɑɡ-/ /ˈdɒɡɪə/ /ˈdɔɡˌɪ(ə)ɹ/ n
guh
The folded corner of the page of a book or other publication, either due to having been read many times or intentionally as a sort of bookmark.

dogged /ˈdɒɡɪd/ /ˈdɔɡɪd/ adj
که‌له‌ ڕه‌ق
stubbornly persevering, steadfast

doggy /ˈdɑɡ.i/ /ˈdɒ.ɡi/ /ˈdɔ.ɡi/ n
kûçik
(childish, or, endearing) A dog, especially a small one.

doing /ˈduːɪŋ/ n
çêkirin
A deed or action, especially when somebody is held responsible for it.

doll /dɑl/ /dɒl/ /dɔl/ [dɒːɫ] n
bûk
A toy in the form of a human.

dolma n
aprax
Any of a family of stuffed vegetable dishes. The filling generally consists of rice, minced meat or grains, together with onion, herbs and spices.

dolour /ˈdoʊlɚ/ /ˈdɒlə/ /ˈdəʊlə/ n
azar
(chiefly, uncountable, literary) Anguish, grief, misery, or sorrow.

dolphin /ˈdɑlf.ɪn/ /ˈdɒlf.ɪn/ [ˈdɑl̥fɪn] [ˈdɒl̥fɪn] n
delfin
A carnivorous aquatic mammal in one of several families of order Cetacea, famed for its intelligence and occasional willingness to approach humans.

dominate /ˈdɑ.məˌneɪt/ /ˈdɒm.əˌneɪt/ /ˈdɔm.əˌnæɪt/ v
daraz dan
To govern, rule or control by superior authority or power

domino /ˈdɑmɪnoʊ/ /ˈdɒmɪnəʊ/ n
hestî
(dominoes) A tile divided into two squares, each having 0 to 6 (or sometimes more) dots or pips (as in dice), used in the game of dominoes. [from c. 1800]

don't /doʊnt/ /dəʊnt/ [doʊ̯n] [dõʊ̯̃(ʔ)t̚] [dõʔ] [dəʊ̯nt̚] v
na
do not (negative auxiliary)

don't mention it phraseologicalUnit
na
A polite way of responding to thanks, by suggesting that the service is too trivial or humble to warrant thanks; you're welcome.

donate /doʊˈneɪt/ /dəʊˈneɪt/ /dəˈneɪt/ /ˈdoʊˌneɪt/ v
dan
(ambitransitive) To make a donation; to give away something of value to support or contribute towards a cause or for the benefit of another.

donation /doʊˈneɪʃən/ /dəʊˈneɪʃən/ n
diyarî
A voluntary gift or contribution for a specific cause.

done /dʌn/ [dɐn] [dʊn] adj
ئاماده
(of an activity or task) Completed or finished.
(of food) Ready, fully cooked.

donkey /ˈdɑŋki/ /ˈdɒŋki/ /ˈdɔŋki/ /ˈdʌŋki/ n
ker
A domestic animal, Equus asinus asinus, similar to a horse.
A stubborn person.
A fool.

donor /ˈdoʊnɚ/ /ˈdəʊnə/ n
daner
One who makes a donation.

doom /duːm/ n
çarenivîs
Destiny, especially terrible.
emrê Xwedê
Death.

door /do(ː)ɹ/ /doə/ /doʊ/ /dɔɹ/ /dɔː/ n
derî dergeh
A portal of entry into a building, room, or vehicle, typically consisting of a rigid plane movable on a hinge. It may have a handle to help open and close, a latch to hold it closed, and a lock that ensures it cannot be opened without a key.

doorknob /ˈdɔɹ.nɑb/ /ˈdɔː.nɒb/ n
mîrkut
A circular device attached to a door, the rotation of which permits the unlatching of the door.

doorway /ˈdo(ː)ɹweɪ/ /ˈdoəweɪ/ /ˈdɔɹweɪ/ /ˈdɔːweɪ/ n
derî
The passage of a door; a door-shaped entrance into a house or a room.

doping n
dopîng
(sports) The use of drugs to improve athletic performance.
The addition of small quantities of an element (a dopant) to a semiconductor to change its characteristics.

dork /dɔɹk/ /dɔːk/ n
krom
(pejorative, slang) A quirky, silly and/or stupid, socially inept person, or one who is out of touch with contemporary trends and typically has unfashionable hobbies. (Overlaps conceptually with nerd and geek, but does not imply the same level of intelligence.) [from the 20th c.]

dot /dɑt/ /dɒt/ /dɔt/ n
nuqte
(grammar) A punctuation mark used to indicate the end of a sentence or an abbreviated part of a word; a full stop; a period.
(mathematics) A symbol used for separating the fractional part of a decimal number from the whole part, for indicating multiplication or a scalar product, or for various other purposes.
One of the two symbols used in Morse code.
(MLE) buckshot, projectile from a "dotty" or shotgun
xal
Anything small and like a speck comparatively; a small portion or specimen.

doubt /daʊt/ /dʌʊt/ n
guman gûş
(uncountable, countable) Disbelief or uncertainty (about something); (countable) a particular instance of such disbelief or uncertainty.

dough /doʊ/ /dəʊ/ /dʌf/ n
hevîr
A thick, malleable substance made by mixing flour with other ingredients such as water, eggs, and/or butter, that is made into a particular form and then baked.

doughnut /ˈdoʊnət/ /ˈdoʊˌnʌt/ /ˈdəʊnət/ /ˈdəʊˌnʌt/ n
abon
A deep-fried piece of dough or batter, usually mixed with various sweeteners and flavors, often made in a toroidal or ellipsoidal shape flattened sphere shape filled with jelly/jam, custard, or cream.

dour /ˈdaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈdaʊə/ /ˈdaʊɚ/ /ˈdur/ /ˈdʊə/ /ˈdʊɹ/ adj
قایم
Stern, harsh and forbidding.
که‌له‌ ڕه‌ق
Unyielding and obstinate.

douse /daʊs/ v
reş kirin
(transitive) To put out; to extinguish.

dove /dʌv/ n
kevok
(countable) A pigeon, especially one smaller in size and white-colored; a bird (often arbitrarily called either a pigeon or a dove or both) of more than 300 species of the family Columbidae.

dowdy /ˈdaʊdi/ adj
rût û repal
Plain and unfashionable in style or dress.
kalûte
Lacking stylishness or neatness; shabby.

down /daʊn/ adj
nizm
At a lower level than before.

down /daʊn/ adv
daketin
başûr
To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
bajar
(rail transport) In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.

down /daʊn/ n
pûrt
Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.

down /daʊn/ v
keftin
(transitive) To knock (someone or something) down; to cause to come down; to fell. [from 16th c.]

downhill /ˈdaʊnˌhɪl/ /ˌdaʊnˈhɪl/ adv
çiya
Down a slope.

download /ˈdaʊnˌloʊd/ /ˈdaʊnˌləʊd/ /ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/ v
dahelandin
(transitive, computing) To transfer data to a given computer from a remote one via a network.

downpour /ˈdaʊn.pɔː(ɹ)/ n
şirebaran
A heavy rain.

downright /ˈdaʊnˌɹaɪt/ adv
riprast
Really; actually; quite; wholly.

downside /ˈdaʊnˌsaɪd/ n
paşwendî
A disadvantageous aspect of something that is normally advantageous.

downtown adv
navend
In or towards the central business district.

downtown n
navend
(chiefly, US, Canada) The main business part of a city or town, usually located at or near its center.

dowry /ˈdaʊəɹi/ /ˈdaʊɹi/ n
next
Payment, such as property or money, paid by the bride's family to the groom or his family at the time of marriage.

draft /dɹæft/ /dɹɑːft/ n
fişar
(US spelling) Liquid, especially beer or other alcohol, drawn from a cask or keg rather than a bottle or can.

draft dodger n
firarê leşkerîyê
(informal) A person who illicitly seeks to avoid compulsory military service (the draft).

draft horse n
esp
(American spelling) A horse used for muscular work, other than carrying a rider and/or load, such as pulling a cart, plow or log.

drag /dɹæɡ/ [d͡ɹ̝˗ʷæˑɡ] v
kaş kirin
(transitive) To pull along a surface or through a medium, sometimes with difficulty.
(graphical user interface) To operate a pointing device by moving it with a button held down; to move, copy, etc. (an item) in this way.

dragon /ˈdɹæɡən/ /ˈdɹæɡɪn/ [ˈdɹeɪɡən] n
ejdeha
In European mythologies, a gigantic beast, typically reptilian with leathery bat-like wings, lion-like claws, scaly skin and a serpent-like body, often a monster with fiery breath.

dragonfly /ˈdɹæɡənˌflaɪ/ n
zencere
An insect of the suborder Epiprocta or, more strictly, the infraorder Anisoptera, having four long transparent wings held perpendicular to a long body when perched.

drake /dɹeɪk/ n
مراوی
A male duck.

dram /dɹæm/ n
til
(by extension) Any similarly minute quantity, (now, _, particularly) a small amount of strong alcohol or poison.

draw /dɹɑ/ /dɹɔ/ /dɹɔː/ /ˈdɹo/ [d͡ʒɹɔ] [d͡ʒɹɔɹ] interjection
kaş kirin
(archery) pull back your bowstring in preparation to shoot

draw /dɹɑ/ /dɹɔ/ /dɹɔː/ /ˈdɹo/ [d͡ʒɹɔ] [d͡ʒɹɔɹ] n
kaş kirin
navkêşî
The procedure by which the result of a lottery is determined.

draw down v
hilatin
(transitive) To acquire or pull in, as funding.

draw out v
berdan
To make something last for more time than is necessary; prolong; extend.
girtin
To physically extract, as blood from a vein.

draw up v
pêk anîn
(transitive) To arrange in order or formation.
girtin
(transitive) To cause to come to a halt.

drawbar /ˈdɹɔ.bɑɹ/ n
debriyaj
(rail transport) An open-mouthed bar at the end of a car, which receives a coupling link and pin by which the car is drawn. It is usually provided with a spring to give elasticity to the connection between the cars of a train.

drawer /dɹɔɹ/ /dɹɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹɑ.ɚ/ /ˈdɹɔ.ɚ/ /ˈdɹɔɹɚ/ /ˈdɹɔː.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹɔːɹə(ɹ)/ n
dexlik
An open-topped box that can be slid in and out of the cabinet that contains it, used for storing clothing or other articles.

drawing /ˈdɹoː.wɪŋ/ /ˈdɹɑ.ɪŋ/ /ˈdɹɔː.ɪŋ/ /ˈdɹɔːɹɪŋ/ n
hêlkêşan
A picture, likeness, diagram or representation, usually drawn on paper.
nîgar
Such acts practiced as a graphic art form.

dread /dɹɛd/ n
tirs
Great fear in view of impending evil; fearful apprehension of danger; anticipatory terror.

dread /dɹɛd/ v
tirsîn
(transitive) To fear greatly.
(intransitive) To be in dread, or great fear.

dream /dɹiːm/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷɪi̯m] [d͡ʒɹiːm] n
xewn
(figurative) A hope or wish.

dreamland n
beheşt
An imagined world that is ideal yet unrealistic; a fantasy.

dress /dɹɛs/ v
wergirtin
(agriculture, horticulture) To cultivate or tend to (a garden, land, plants, etc.); especially, to add fertilizer or manure to (soil); to fertilize, to manure.
(also, reflexive, and, figuratively) To put clothes (or, formerly, armour) on (oneself or someone, a doll, a mannequin, etc.); to clothe. [from 15th c.]
(sports) Of a sportsperson: to put on the uniform and have the equipment needed to play a sport.
To put on clothes.

dribble /dɹɪ.bl̩/ /ˈdɹɪ.b(ə)l/ /ˈdɹɪ.bəl/ /ˈdɹɪ.bɫ̩/ n
çip
(countable) A small amount of a liquid.

dried /dɹaɪd/ [d͡ʒɹaɪd] adj
hişk
Usually of foods: cured, preserved by drying.

drill /dɹɪl/ [dɹɪɫ] n
boron
The portion of a drilling tool that drives the bit.

drill /dɹɪl/ [dɹɪɫ] v
هه‌ڵقه‌ندن
(ergative) To cause to drill (practice); to train in military arts.

drink /dɹɪŋk/ [d̠ɹ̠˔ʷɪŋk] n
vexwarin
The action of drinking, especially with the verbs take or have.

drink /dɹɪŋk/ [d̠ɹ̠˔ʷɪŋk] v
vexwarin xwardinewe
(ambitransitive) To consume (a liquid) through the mouth.
(intransitive) To consume alcoholic beverages.

drinking /ˈdɹɪŋkɪŋ/ n
vexwarin
An act or session by which drink is consumed, especially alcoholic beverages.

drinking horn n
şax
(chiefly, _, historical) A drinking vessel fashioned from an animal's horn.

drinking straw n
ka
A long tube (usually made out of plastic or paper) through which a beverage is drunk via suction.

dripping /ˈdɹɪpɪŋ/ n
tawas
Solid animal fat, traditionally collected from dripping off roasting meat.

drive /dɹaɪv/ [d̠ɹ̠ ̝ʷaɪv] [d͡ʒɹaɪv] n
rê
A type of public roadway.
ajoker
(computer hardware) A mass storage device in which the mechanism for reading and writing data is integrated with the mechanism for storing data.

drive /dɹaɪv/ [d̠ɹ̠ ̝ʷaɪv] [d͡ʒɹaɪv] v
ajotin
(transitive) To convey (a person, etc.) in a wheeled motorized vehicle.
(transitive, ergative) To operate (a wheeled motorized vehicle).
(intransitive) To travel by operating a wheeled motorized vehicle.
(transitive) (especially of animals) To impel or urge onward by force; to push forward; to compel to move on.
vegerandin
(transitive) To carry or to keep in motion; to conduct; to prosecute.

drivel /dɹɪv.əl/ n
pitpit
Nonsense; senseless talk.

driver /ˈdɹaɪ.və(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹaɪvɚ/ n
ajokar
One who drives something, in any sense of the verb drive.
A person who drives a motorized vehicle such as a car or a bus.
A person who drives some other vehicle.
ajovan
Something that drives something, in any sense of the verb drive.
ajoker
(computing) A device driver; a program that acts as an interface between an application and hardware, written specifically for the device it controls.

driver's license n
ajoname
(American spelling) A document issued to a specific person by a government authority, permitting this person to drive one or more classes of motor vehicle on public roads and highways, often used as an identification document.

dromedary /-dɹi/ /-mə-/ /ˈdrʌ-/ /ˈdɹɑməˌdɛɹi/ /ˈdɹɒmɪdəɹi/ n
hêştir
The single-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius).

drone /dɹoʊn/ /dɹəʊn/ n
nêrehing
A male ant, bee or wasp, which does not work but can fertilize the queen.

droop /ˈdɹuːp/ v
ketin
(intransitive) To hang downward; to sag.

drop /dɹɑp/ /dɹɒp/ [d͡ʒɹɑp] n
çip
(also, figuratively) A small quantity of liquid, just large enough to hold its own round shape through surface tension, especially one that falls from a source of liquid.

drop off v
daketin
(idiomatic, transitive, especially, _, US) To deliver; to deposit or leave; to allow passengers to alight.

drop-off n
hindikbûn
A decrease; especially, a sudden one.

drown /dɹaʊn/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaʊn] v
fetisîn
(intransitive) To be flooded: to be inundated with or submerged in (literally) water or (figuratively) other things; to be overwhelmed.

drudge /dɹʌd͡ʒ/ n
xulam
A person who works in a low servile job.

drug /dɹʌɡ/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷʌɡ] n
derman
(pharmacology) A substance used to treat an illness, relieve a symptom, or modify a chemical process in the body for a specific purpose.

drug dealer n
hêştir
One who illegally sells recreational drugs.

drum /ˈdɹʌm/ n
def
A percussive musical instrument spanned with a thin covering on at least one end for striking, forming an acoustic chamber; a membranophone.
Any similar hollow, cylindrical object.
den
A barrel or large cylindrical container for liquid transport and storage.

drum /ˈdɹʌm/ v
dahol
(ambitransitive) To beat with a rapid succession of strokes.

drunk /dɹʌŋk/ /d͡ʒɹʌŋk/ adj
şîn
Intoxicated as a result of excessive alcohol consumption, usually by drinking alcoholic beverages.

drunk /dɹʌŋk/ /d͡ʒɹʌŋk/ n
den
A habitual drinker, especially one who is frequently intoxicated.

drunken /ˈdɹʌŋkən/ adj
bimey
Drunk, in the state of intoxication after having drunk an alcoholic beverage.

drunkenness /ˈdɹʌŋkən.nəs/ n
fis
A state of being drunk.

dry /dɹaɪ/ [d̠͡ɹ̠˔aɪ̯] [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaɪ̯] [d͡ʒɹaɪ̯] adj
hişk
Free from or lacking moisture.

du'a' n
dua
(Islam) private prayer by an individual

dual /ˈd(j)u.əl/ /ˈdjuː.əl/ /ˈdʒuː.əl/ adj
dual
(grammar) Pertaining to a grammatical number in certain languages that refers to two of something, such as a pair of shoes.

dualism n
dualîzm
(theology) The belief that the world is ruled by a pair of antagonistic forces, such as good and evil; the belief that man has two basic natures, the physical and the spiritual.

dubitation /djuːbɪˈteɪʃən/ /dʒuːbɪˈteɪʃən/ /ˌdju.bɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ /ˌdu.bɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
guman
(uncountable, archaic) The process of doubting or the state of being in doubt; hesitation, uncertainty.
endîşe
(countable) A pang or expression of doubt.

dubnium /ˈduːbniəm/ /ˈdʌbniəm/ n
dûbniyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Db) with atomic number 105.

duck /dʊk/ /dʌk/ n
ordek
An aquatic bird of the family Anatidae, having a flat bill and webbed feet.

duckling /ˈdʌklɪŋ/ n
مراوی
A young duck.
A young female duck.

ducktail n
mûz
A hairstyle in which the hair is swept back into an upturned point at the back.

dude /duːd/ [dʉːu̯d] n
kur
(chiefly, US, Canada, colloquial) A man, generally a younger man.
bêr
(colloquial, used in the vocative) A term of address for someone, typically a man, particularly when cautioning them or offering advice.

duet /djuˈɛt/ /duˈɛt/ n
düetazew
(music) A musical composition in two parts, each performed by a single voice (singer, instrument or univoce ensemble).
(music) A song composed for and/or performed by a duo.

dulcet /ˈdʌl.sət/ /ˈdʌl.sɪt/ adj
nerm
şîrîn
Sweet, especially when describing voice or tones; melodious.
Generally pleasing; agreeable.
(archaic) Sweet to the taste.

dull /dʌl/ adj
kor
Lacking the ability to cut easily; not sharp.
kerr
Not clear, muffled. (of a noise or sound)

dumb /dʌm/ adj
vala
(figuratively) Pointless, foolish, lacking intellectual content or value.

dump /dʌmp/ [dɐm̥p] v
avêtin
(transitive, informal) To end a romantic relationship with.

dumpling /ˈdʌmp.lɪŋ/ n
mantî
By restriction, a food composed of a dough wrapper around a filling.
kelem
(endearing) A term of endearment.

dung /ˈdʌŋ/ n
rêx
(uncountable) Manure; animal excrement.

dupe /djuːp/ /duːp/ /dʒuːp/<a:yod-coalescence> v
xapandin
To swindle, deceive, or trick.

durability n
tirûş
Permanence by virtue of the power to resist stress or force.

dust /dʌst/ n
toz
(countable, obsolete) A single fine, dry particle of earth or other material; grain of dust.

duster /ˈdʌstə/ /ˈdʌstɚ/ n
firçe
An object, now especially a cloth, used for dusting surfaces etc.

duty /ˈdjuː.ti/ /ˈdu.ti/ /ˈd͡ʒuː.ti/ /ˈd͡ʒʉː.ti/ [ˈdu.ɾi] n
berpirsiyarî
That which one is morally or legally obligated to do.
bac
A tax placed on imports or exports; a tariff.
kar
The efficiency of an engine, especially a steam pumping engine, as measured by work done by a certain quantity of fuel; usually, the number of pounds of water lifted one foot by one bushel of coal (94 lbs. old standard), or by 1 cwt. (112 lbs., England, or 100 lbs., United States).

duvet /d(j)uːˈveɪ/ /ˈd(j)uːveɪ/ n
rayeka navdêrî
(British, New Zealand, Canada) A quilt or usually flat cloth bag with a filling (traditionally down) and usually an additional washable cover, used instead of blankets; often called a comforter or quilt, especially in US English.

dwarf /dwɔɹf/ /dwɔːf/ n
bejnbost
(mythology) Any member of a race of beings from (especially Scandinavian and other Germanic) folklore, usually depicted as having some sort of supernatural powers and being skilled in crafting and metalworking, often as short with long beards, and sometimes as clashing with elves.
(now, sometimes, _, offensive) A person of short stature, often one whose limbs are disproportionately small in relation to the body as compared with typical adults, usually as the result of a genetic condition.
An animal, plant or other thing much smaller than the usual of its sort.
bejnkurt
(star) A dwarf star.

dwell /dwɛl/ v
dêmanî bûn
(intransitive, now, _, literary) To live; to reside.

dwelling /ˈdwɛl.ɪŋ/ n
mal
A house or place in which a person lives; a habitation, a home.

dynamics n
dînamîk
(physics) The branch of mechanics that is concerned with the effects of forces on the motion of objects.

dynamite /ˈdaɪ.nəˌmaɪt/ /ˈdɪ.nəˌmaɪt/ n
dînamît
A class of explosives made from nitroglycerine in an absorbent medium such as kieselguhr, used in mining and blasting.

dyne /daɪn/ /dʌɪn/ n
dîn
A unit of force in the CGS system; the force required to accelerate a mass of one gram by one centimetre per second per second. Symbol: dyn.

e /eɪ/ /iː/ /ə/ /ɛ/ /ɪ/ /ˈiː/ pronoun
û
(rare, epicene, nonstandard) A gender-neutral third-person singular subject pronoun, equivalent to the singular they and coordinate with gendered pronouns he and she.

each /it͡ʃ/ /iːt͡ʃ/ determiner
her yek
All; every; qualifying a singular noun, indicating all examples of the thing so named seen as individual or separate items (compare every).

eagle /ˈiːɡəl/ /ˈɪɡəl/ n
êlo
Any of several large carnivorous and carrion-eating birds in the family Accipitridae, having a powerful hooked bill and keen vision.

eagle owl /ˈiːɡəl ˈɑʊl/ n
şakund
Any of various Old World large owls of the genus Bubo, especially the Eurasian eagle owl, Bubo bubo, that have prominent ear tufts.

ear /iə̯/ /ɪə̯/ /ɪɚ/ /ˈiɹ/ [iːə̯] [ɪə̯~eə̯] [ɪə̯~ɪɐ̯] [ɪː] n
guh گوێ
(countable) The organ of hearing, consisting of the pinna, auditory canal, eardrum, malleus, incus, stapes and cochlea.
(countable) The external part of the organ of hearing, the auricle.
simbil
(countable) The fruiting body of a grain plant.
guh
The sense of hearing; the perception of sounds; skill or good taste in listening to music.

ear lobe n
gûçik
The fleshy patch of skin below the ear tuft of a chicken.

eardrum /ˈiɚˌdɹʌm/ /ˈɪəˌdɹʌm/ n
perdeya guh
(anatomy) A thin membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and transmits sound from the air to the malleus.

earful /ˈɪə(ɹ)fəl/ /ˈɪə(ɹ)fʊl/ /ˈɪɹfəl/ /ˈɪɹfʊl/ n
sabûn
(informal) an angry reprimand, castigation or telling off

early /ˈɜɹli/ /ˈɜːli/ adj
rayeka navdêrî
At a time in advance of the usual or expected event.
Arriving a time before expected; sooner than on time.
Near the start or beginning.

early /ˈɜɹli/ /ˈɜːli/ adv
rayeka navdêrî
At a time before expected; sooner than usual.

earn /ɜːn/ /ɝn/ v
heq kirin
(transitive) To receive payment for work or for a role or position held (regardless of whether effort was applied or whether the remuneration is deserved or commensurate).

earnest /ˈɜː.nɪst/ /ˈɝ.nɪst/ adj
coşbûyî
Intent; focused; showing a lot of concentration.

earnest /ˈɜː.nɪst/ /ˈɝ.nɪst/ n
erdkêşî
Gravity; serious purpose; earnestness.

earplug n
guhgirk
A piece of protective gear meant to be inserted in the ear canal to protect the wearer's hearing from loud noises or the intrusion of water.

earring /ˈɪəɹɪŋ/ /ˈɪɹɪŋ/ n
guhar
A piece of jewelry worn on the ear.

earth /ɜːθ/ /ɜθ/ /ɝθ/ /ɵːθ/ n
cîhan
erd
(uncountable) Soil.
(uncountable) Any general rock-based material.
The ground, land (as opposed to the sky or sea).
(British) A connection electrically to the earth ((US) ground); on equipment: a terminal connected in that manner.
(alchemy, philosophy, and, Taoism) The aforementioned soil- or rock-based material, considered one of the four or five classical elements.
Erd
The world of our current life (as opposed to heaven or an afterlife).

earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ /ˈɝθkweɪk/ n
erdhej
A shaking of the ground, caused by volcanic activity or movement around geologic faults. [from 14th c.]
(planetary geology) Such a quake specifically occurring on the planet Earth, as opposed to other celestial bodies. [from 20th c.]

earthy /ˈɜː.θi/ /ˈɝθi/ adj
pê
Down-to-earth, not artificial, natural.
Like or resembling the earth or of the earth.

ease /iz/ /iːz/ n
hêsanî
Freedom from effort, leisure, rest.
Freedom from pain, hardship, and annoyance, sometimes (pejorative, archaic) idleness, sloth.

easel /ˈi.zəl/ /ˈiː.z(ə)l/ n
ker
An upright frame, typically on three legs, for displaying or supporting something, such as an artist's canvas.

easily /ˈi.zə.li/ /ˈiː.zɪ.li/ adv
bi asanî
Without difficulty.

easiness /ˈiːzɪnəs/ n
hêsanî
The state or quality of being easy (in various senses). particularly:

east /iːst/ n
rojhilat
The direction of the earth's rotation, specifically 90°.
The eastern region or area; the inhabitants thereof. [circa 1300]
(ecclesiastical) In a church: the direction of the altar and chancel; the direction faced by the priest when celebrating ad orientem.

east-northeast n
rojhilat-bakurê rojhilat
The compass point halfway between northeast and east; specifically at a bearing of 67.5°.

east-southeast n
rojhilat-başûrê rojhilat
The compass point halfway between east and southeast; specifically at a bearing of 112.5°.

eastern /ˈi.stɚn/ /ˈiː.stən/ adj
rojhilat
(of a wind) Blowing from the east; easterly.

easy /ˈizi/ /ˈiːzi/ adj
hêsan
Requiring little skill or effort.
(informal, pejorative, of a person) Consenting readily to sex.

easy as pie adj
lehîstoka zarokan
(simile, colloquial) Very easy.

easy chair n
paldank
A comfortable chair, often well upholstered; a lounge chair.

easy peasy adj
lehîstoka zarokan

eat /it/ /iːt/ v
xwarin
(copulative, intransitive) To have a particular quality of diet; to be well-fed or underfed (typically as "eat healthy" or "eat good").
xwarin خواردن
To ingest; to be ingested.

eat pussy v
kitikê bilîze
(vulgar, slang) To perform cunnilingus.

eating /ˈitɪŋ/ /ˈiːtɪŋ/ [ˈiɾɪŋ] n
xwarin
The act of ingesting food.

ebony /ˈɛb.ən.i/ adj
ebenûs
A deep, dark black colour.

ebony /ˈɛb.ən.i/ n
ebenûs
(countable) A tree that yields such wood.
(countable, and, uncountable) A deep, dark black colour.

echo /ˈɛkoʊ/ /ˈɛkəʊ/ n
dengvedan
A reflected sound that is heard again by its initial observer.

eclipse /iˈklɪps/ /ɪˈklɪps/ n
heyvgirtin
Especially, an alignment whereby a planetary object (for example, the Moon) comes between the Sun and another planetary object (for example, the Earth), resulting in a shadow being cast by the middle planetary object onto the other planetary object.

ecology /iˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪˈkɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪˈkɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
ekolojî
(biology) The branch of biology dealing with the relationships of organisms with their environment and with each other.

economic /ˌekəˈnɔmɪk/ /ˌikəˈnɑmɪk/ /ˌiːkɔˈnɒmɪk/ /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ /ˌiːkəˈnɔmɪk/ /ˌɛkɔˈnɒmɪk/ /ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk/ /ˌɛkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj
aboriyî
Pertaining to an economy.
aborî
Frugal; cheap (in the sense of representing good value); economical.
Pertaining to the study of money and its movement.

economical /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkəl/ /ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪkəl/ /ˌɛkəˈnɒmɪkəl/ adj
aborî
Saving money or resources.

economics /ˌikəˈnɑmɪks/ /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/ /ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪks/ /ˌɛkəˈnɒmɪks/ n
aborînasî
(social sciences) The study of resource allocation, distribution and consumption; of capital and investment; and of management of the factors of production.

economist /iːˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/ /iːˈkɒn.ə.mɪst/ /əˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/ /ɪˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/ /ɪˈkɔn.ə.mɪst/ n
ekonomîst
An expert in economics, especially one who studies economic data and extracts higher-level information or proposes theories.

economy /iːˈkɑ.nə.mi/ /iːˈkɒn.ə.mi/ /əˈkɑ.nə.mi/ /ɪˈkɑ.nə.mi/ n
aborî ekonomî
(obsolete) System of management; general regulation and disposition of the affairs of a state or nation, or of any department of government.
The system of production and distribution and consumption. The overall measure of a currency system; as the national economy.

ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/ n
ekosîstem
A system formed by an ecological community and its environment that functions as a unit.

eddy /ˈɛd.i/ n
gêjik
A current of air or water running back, or in an opposite direction to the main current.

edge /ɛd͡ʒ/ n
qerax
(geometry) A one-dimensional face of a polytope. In particular, the joining line between two vertices of a polygon; the place where two faces of a polyhedron meet.
avantaj
An advantage.

edible crab n
ga
Cancer pagurus; a species of robust crab of a reddish-brown color found in the North Sea, North Atlantic Ocean, and perhaps in the Mediterranean Sea.

edification /ˌɛdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
بینا
The act of edifying, or the state of being edified or improved; a building process, especially morally, emotionally, or spiritually
(archaic) A building or edifice.

edifice /ˈɛd.ɪ.fɪs/ n
dibistan
An abstract structure; a school of thought.

edit /ˈɛdɪt/ [ˈɛɾɪʔt̚] v
hilketin
To change a text, or a document.

educate /ˈed͡ʒ.ɘˌkæet/ /ˈɛd.jʊˌkeɪt/ /ˈɛd͡ʒ.əˌkeɪt/ /ˈɛd͡ʒ.ʊˌkeɪt/ v
hêvotin
(transitive) To instruct or train.

education /ˌɛd.jʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɛd͡ʒ.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɛd͡ʒ.ʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
perwerde
(uncountable) The process of imparting knowledge, skill and judgment.

eel /iːl/ n
مارماسی
Any freshwater fish of the order Anguilliformes, which are elongated and resemble snakes.

effect /iˈfɛkt/ /əˈfɛkt/ /ɪˈfekt/ /ɪˈfɛkt/ n
meriyet
(uncountable) The state of being binding and enforceable, as in a rule, policy, or law.
[[ئه‌نجام]]
(sound engineering) An alteration, or device for producing an alteration, in sound after it has been produced by an instrument.
tesîr
(physics, psychology, etc.) A scientific phenomenon, usually named after its discoverer.

effect /iˈfɛkt/ /əˈfɛkt/ /ɪˈfekt/ /ɪˈfɛkt/ v
bandor
(transitive) To make or bring about; to implement.

effeminate /ɪˈfɛmɪneɪt/ /ɪˈfɛmɪnət/ adj
nerm
(often, derogatory, of a man or boy) Exhibiting behaviour or mannerisms considered typical of a female; unmasculine.

effort /ˈɛfət/ /ˈɛfɚt/ n
cehd
The work involved in performing an activity; exertion.

effortless adj
hêsan
Without effort.

effusive /ɪˈfjuːsɪv/ adj
coşbûyî
Gushy; unrestrained, extravagant or excessive (in emotional expression).

egestion /iːˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/ n
gûkirin
The act or result of egesting

egg /eɪɡ/ /ɛɡ/ n
hêk
An approximately spherical or ellipsoidal body produced by birds, insects, reptiles, and other animals, housing the embryo within a membrane or shell during its development.
(specifically, countable) The edible egg (sense 1.1) of a domestic fowl such as a duck, goose, or, especially, a chicken; (uncountable) the contents of such an egg or eggs used as food.
(transgender slang) A person regarded as having not yet realized they are transgender, who has not yet come out as transgender, or who is in the early stages of transitioning; also, one's lack of awareness that one is transgender.

egg on v
arandin
(transitive, idiomatic) To encourage or coax (a person) to do something, especially something foolhardy or reckless.

eggcup n
hêkdank
(British) A small dish used to support a boiled egg while it is eaten.

eggplant /-plɑːnt/ /ˈɛɡ.plænt/ n
bacan
(North America, Australia, New Zealand, Philippines) The plant Solanum melongena.
(North America, Australia, New Zealand, Philippines) The edible fruit of the Solanum melongena: an aubergine.

ego /ˈiɡoʊ/ /ˈiːɡəʊ/ /ˈɛɡəʊ/ n
ez
The self, especially with a sense of self-importance.

eh /e/ /eɪ/ /ɛ/ [ɛː] interjection
û
(informal, chiefly, Canada, Upper Midwestern US, New Zealand, UK) Used as a tag question, to emphasise what goes before or to request that the listener express an opinion about what has been said.

eigen- prefix
pak

eight /eɪt/ n
heşt
The digit/figure 8.
(playing cards) Any of the four cards in a normal deck with the value eight.

eight /eɪt/ numeral
heşt
A numerical value equal to 8; the number occurring after seven and before nine.

eight o'clock n
heşt
(In both the 12-hour clock and the 24-hour clock) The start of the ninth hour of the day; 8:00 a.m. (08:00).

eighteen /ˈeɪ(t).tin/ /ˈeɪ.tiːn/ /ˌeɪ(t)ˈtin/ /ˌeɪˈtiːn/ numeral
hijdeh
The cardinal number occurring after seventeen and before nineteen, represented in Roman numerals as XVIII and in Arabic numerals as 18.

eighth /eɪtθ/ /eɪθ/ adj
هه‌شته‌م
The ordinal form of the number eight.

eighth /eɪtθ/ /eɪθ/ n
heştem
The person or thing in the eighth position.

eighty /ˈeɪ.ti/ [ˈ(ʔ)eɪ̯ɾi] numeral
heştê
The cardinal number occurring after seventy-nine and before eighty-one, represented in Roman numerals as LXXX and in Arabic numerals as 80.

einsteinium /aɪnˈstaɪni.əm/ n
aynştaynyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Es) with atomic number 99: a soft, silvery, paramagnetic metal.

either /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /iː/ /ˈaɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈaɪ.ðɚ/ /ˈeɪ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈi.ðɚ/ /ˈiː.ðə(ɹ)/ conjunction
an
Introduces the first of two (or occasionally more) options or possibilities, the second (or last) of which is introduced by “or”.

el /ˈɛl/ [ɛɫ] n
ew
The name of the Latin-script letter L/l.

elaborate /ɪˈlæbəɹeɪt/ /ɪˈlæbəɹət/ adj
bikitekit
Complex, detailed, or sophisticated.

elastic /iˈlæstɪk/ /əˈlæstɪk/ adj
qaîşokî
Capable of stretching; particularly, capable of stretching so as to return to an original shape or size when force is released.

elated adj
coşbûyî
Extremely happy and excited; delighted; pleased, euphoric.

elder /ˈeldə/ /ˈɛldə/ /ˈɛldɚ/ adj
pîr
older, greater than another in age or seniority.

elder /ˈeldə/ /ˈɛldə/ /ˈɛldɚ/ n
dêrîn
A leader of a community, of great age or seniority.

elderly /ˈɛldəli/ /ˈɛldɚli/ adj
dêrîn
old; having lived for relatively many years.

elect /i-/ /ə-/ /ɪˈlɛkt/ v
bijartin
(transitive) To choose or make a decision (to do something)
(transitive) To choose (a candidate) in an election

election /əˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/ /ɪˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/ n
[[هه‌ڵبژاردن]]
A process of choosing a leader, members of parliament, councillors, or other representatives by popular vote.

electric /iˈlɛktɹɪk/ /əˈlɛktɹɪk/ /ɪˈlɛktɹɪk/ adj
berq birûs
Of or relating to an electronic version of a musical instrument that has an acoustic equivalent.

electric current n
sirêma elektrîkê
(electromagnetism) A net unidirectional movement of electrons, or other charge carriers, caused by a potential difference.
(electromagnetism) The net charge that passes through some cross-section of a conducting material (in one direction), per unit time, having the SI unit A (C/s).

electricity /iˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ /əˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ /ɪˌlɛkˈt͡ʃɹɪsɪti/ /ˌiːlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ /ˌɛlɪkˈtɹɪsɪti/ n
elektrîk kareba
(physics) The study of electrical phenomena; the branch of science dealing with such phenomena. [from 18th c.]

electromagnetic adj
elektromanyetîk
Relating to electromagnetism

electromagnetic wave n
tîrêja karebayî-asinrevayî
(physics) Electromagnetic radiation, such as light and radio waves.

electron /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɑn/ /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɒn/ n
kareva
(particle) The subatomic particle having a negative charge and orbiting the nucleus; the flow of electrons in a conductor constitutes electricity.

electronics /ˌiːlɛkˈtɹɒnɪks/ /ˌɛlɪkˈtɹɒnɪks/ n
elektronîk
(physics) The study and use of electrical devices that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles or by converting the flow of charged particles to or from other forms of energy.

elegant /ˈɛl.ə.ɡənt/ adj
qeşeng
Characterised by or exhibiting elegance.

elegy /ˈɛlɪd͡ʒi/ n
mersiye
A mournful or plaintive poem; a funeral song; a poem of lamentation. [from early 16th c.]

element /ˈɛləmənt/ n
endam
(set theory) One of the objects in a set.
sî sih
(usually, in the plural) A basic, simple substance out of which something is made, raw material.
A small but present amount of a quality, a hint.

elephant /el.e.fant/ /ˈɛləfənt/ /ˈɛlɪf(ə)nt/ n
fîl
A mammal of the order Proboscidea, having a trunk, and two large ivory tusks jutting from the upper jaw.

eleven /iˈlɛvən/ /əˈlɛv.ən/ /ɪˈlɛvən/ [ɪˈlɛbm̩] numeral
yazde yazdeh
The cardinal number occurring after ten and before twelve. Represented as 11 in Arabic digits.

elicit /ɪˈlɪsɪt/ v
veçar kirin
To evoke, educe (emotions, feelings, responses, etc.); to generate, obtain, or provoke as a response or answer.

eliminate /iˈlɪm.ə.neɪt/ /iˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ /əˈlɪm.ə.neɪt/ /əˈlɪm.ə.næɪt/ /ɪˈlɪm.ə.neɪt/ /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ v
kuştin
(transitive, slang) To kill (a person or animal).

ell /ˈɛl/ n
aren
(historical) A measure of length. An English ell was 1¼ yards (45 inches or 114 cm), a Scottish ell was about 37 inches (94 cm), a Flemish ell was ¾ yard (27 inches or 69 cm), while certain European ells were less than 50 cm.

elm /ɛlm/ /ˈɛləm/ n
bizî
(countable) A tree of the genus Ulmus of the family Ulmaceae, large deciduous trees with alternate stipulate leaves and small apetalous flowers.

else /ɛls/ /ɛlts/ adj
din
(postpositive, used only with indefinite or interrogative pronouns) Other; in addition to previously mentioned items.

elucidate /i-/ /əˈlusəˌdeɪt/ /ɪˈl(j)uːsɪdeɪt/ v
bas
(figurative) To make (something) clear and understandable; to clarify, to illuminate, to shed light on.

embarge /əmˈbɑɹd͡ʒ/ /əmˈbɑːdʒ/ v
hilketin
(intransitive) To board a barge; to embark.

embark /ɛmˈbɑɹk/ /ɛmˈbɑːk/ /ɪmˈbɑɹk/ /ɪmˈbɑːk/ v
siwar bûn
(transitive) To cause to go on board a vessel or boat; to put on shipboard.

embassy /ˈɛmbəsi/ n
ambasad
An organization or group of officials who permanently represent a sovereign state in a second sovereign state or with respect to an international organization such as the United Nations.

embezzlement /ˌəmˈbɛzəlmənt/ /ˌɪmˈbɛzəlmənt/ n
bêrêtî
(legal, business) The fraudulent conversion of property from a property owner.

embrace /ɛmˈbɹeɪs/ /ɪmˈbɹeɪs/ n
باوه‌ش
An act of putting arms around someone and bringing the person close to the chest; a hug.

embrace /ɛmˈbɹeɪs/ /ɪmˈbɹeɪs/ v
باوه‌ش
(transitive) To clasp (someone or each other) in the arms with affection; to take in the arms; to hug.

emerald /ˈɛm.(ə.)ɹəld/ adj
zimrûd
Of a rich green colour.

emerald /ˈɛm.(ə.)ɹəld/ n
zimrûd
Any of various green gemstones, especially a green transparent form of beryl, highly valued as a precious stone.

emergence /iˈmɜː.d͡ʒ(ə)ns/ /iˈmɝ.d͡ʒ(ə)ns/ /ɪˈmɜː.d͡ʒ(ə)ns/ /ɪˈmɝ.d͡ʒ(ə)ns/ n
diyarbûn
The act of rising out of a fluid, or coming forth from envelopment or concealment, or of rising into view; sudden uprising or appearance.
aşîkarbûn
In particular: the arising of emergent structure in complex systems.

eminence /ˈɛmɪnəns/ n
rayeka navdêrî
(geology) An elevated land area or a hill.
niçik
(anatomy) A protuberance.

emir /ɛˈmɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛmɪə(ɹ)/ n
emir
A prince, commander or other leader or ruler in an Islamic nation.

emit /iˈmɪt/ /ɪˈmɪt/ v
şandin
(intransitive) To come out, to be sent out or given off.

emoji /iˈmoʊd͡ʒi/ /ɪˈmoʊd͡ʒi/ /ɪˈməʊdʒi/ n
emojî
A digital graphic icon with a unique code point used to represent a concept, object, person, animal or place, originally used in Japanese text messaging but since adopted internationally in other contexts such as social media. Or, by extension, any non-standard emoji-like image inserted inline in text, i.e. an image emoticon.

empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/ n
empatî
Identification with or understanding of the thoughts, feelings, or emotional state of another person.
The capacity to understand another person's point of view or the result of such understanding.

emperor /ˈempɘɹɘ/ /ˈempɹɘ/ /ˈɛmpəɹə/ /ˈɛmpəɹɚ/ /ˈɛmpɹə/ /ˈɛmpɹɚ/ n
împarator
Any monarch ruling an empire, irrespective of gender, with "empress" contrasting to mean the consort of an emperor.

emphasis /ˈɛmfəsɪs/ [ˈeɱfəsəs] [ˈeɱfəsɪs] [ˈɛɱfəsəs] [ˈɛɱfəsɪs] n
devok
Special weight or forcefulness given to something considered important.

empire /ˈɛm.paɪ̯.ə/ /ˈɛm.paɪ̯ə̯/ /ˈɛmˌpaɪ̯ɚ/ /ˈɛmˌpaɪ̯ɹ/ n
împaratorî
A political state, often a monarchy, that has achieved a much greater current size than its initial size by conquering surrounding territories, cities or nations.
A political unit ruled by an emperor or empress.

empiricism n
empîrîzm
(philosophy) A doctrine which holds that the only or, at least, the most reliable source of human knowledge is experience, especially perception by means of the physical senses. (Often contrasted with rationalism.) [from 18th c.]

employ /ɛmˈplɔɪ/ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ v
bi kar anîn
To make busy; to preoccupy.

employee /ɪm-/ /ˌɛmplɔɪˈiː/ /ˌɛmˈplɔɪiː/ n
karker
A person who provides labor to a company or another person.

employment /ɛmˈplɔɪmənt/ /ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ n
hokar
The occupation or work for which one is used, and often paid.
[[به‌کارهێنان]]
A purpose, a use.

empower /ɛmˈpaʊə(ɹ)/ /ɪmˈpaʊə(ɹ)/ v
destûr dan
(transitive) To give permission, power, or the legal right to do something.

empress /ˈɛmpɹəs/ n
împaratorîçe
The female monarch (ruler) of an empire.

empty /ˈɛm.ti/ /ˈɛmp.ti/ adj
vala
Devoid of content; containing nothing or nobody; vacant.

empty /ˈɛm.ti/ /ˈɛmp.ti/ v
vala kirin
(transitive, ergative) To make empty; to remove the contents of.

empty-headed adj
ehmeq
Silly and lacking sense or discretion; featherbrained or scatterbrained.

enable /ɪˈneɪbəl/ v
destûr dan
To make somebody able (to do, or to be, something); to give sufficient ability or power to do or to be; to give strength or ability to.

enact /ɪˈnækt/ v
lê xistin
(transitive) To act the part of; to play.

enamored /ɪˈnæməɹd/ adj
evîndar
In love, amorous.

enclosure /ɘnˈklɐʉʒɘ/ /ɛnˈkloʊʒəɹ/ /ɪnˈkloʊʒəɹ/ /ɪnˈkləʊʒə/ n
pêpestî
(countable) Something enclosed, i.e. inserted into a letter or similar package.

encumbrance /-bɹən(t)s/ /ɛn-/ /ɪnˈkʌm.bɹəns/ n
bar
Something that encumbers; a burden that must be carried.
deyn
The state or condition of being encumbered.

encyclopedia /ənˌsəɪ.kləˈpi.di.ə/ /ɪnˌsaɪ.kləˈpi(ː).di.ə/ /ɪnˌsaɪ.kləˈpi(ː).dɪə/ n
فه رهه نگ
A comprehensive reference work (often spanning several printed volumes) with articles (usually arranged in alphabetical order, or sometimes arranged by category) on a range of subjects, sometimes general, sometimes limited to a particular field.

end /iːnd/ /ɛnd/ /ɪnd/ n
dawî
(by extension) Death.
The most extreme point of an object, especially one that is longer than it is wide.
[[ئه‌نجام]]
Result.

end /iːnd/ /ɛnd/ /ɪnd/ v
kuta bûn
(transitive) To finish, terminate.

endeavor /ɛnˈdɛv.ɚ/ /ɪnˈdɛv.ə/ /ɪnˈdɛv.ɚ/ n
fîrma
A sincere attempt; a determined or assiduous effort towards a specific goal; assiduous or persistent activity.

endemic /ɛnˈdɛm.ɪk/ /ɪnˈdɛm.ɪk/ adj
endemîk
(especially of diseases) Prevalent in a particular area or region.

ending /ˈɛndɪŋ/ n
barik
A termination or conclusion.
dawî
The last part of something.

endless /ˈɛndləs/ /ˈɛndlɪs/ adj
nemir

endorse /ɛnˈdɔɹs/ /ɪnˈdoːs/ /ɪnˈdɔɹs/ /ɪnˈdɔːs/ v
pesind bûn
To express support or approval, especially officially or publicly.

endosome n
dendikok
(biology) An endocytic vacuole through which molecules internalized during endocytosis pass en route to lysosomes

endowment /ɛnˈdaʊmənt/ /ɪnˈdaʊmənt/ n
diyarî
Something with which a person or thing is endowed.
weqf
Property or funds invested for the support and benefit of a person or not-for-profit institution.

enemy /ˈɛnəmi/ n
dijmin
Someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else.

energy /ˈɛn.ə.d͡ʒi/ /ˈɛn.ɚ.d͡ʒi/ n
wize
The impetus behind all motion and all activity.
The capacity to do work.
(physics) A quantity that denotes the ability to do work and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance²/time² (ML²/T²) or the equivalent.

engineer /ˌɛn(d)ʒɪˈnɪə/ /ˌɛnd͡ʒɪˈnɪ(ə)ɹ/ n
mihendis
Originally, a person engaged in designing, constructing, or maintaining engines or machinery; now (more generally) , a person qualified or professionally engaged in any branch of engineering, or studying to do so.

engineering /ˌɛn(d)ʒɪˈnɪə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˌɛn.d͡ʒɪˈnɪ(ə)ɹ.ɪŋ/ n
endazyarî
(uncountable) The application of mathematics and the physical sciences to the needs of humanity and the development of technology.

english /ˈɪŋ.ɡlɪʃ/ n
îngilîzî
(uncountable, North American) Spinning or rotary motion given to a ball around the vertical axis, as in pool, billiards or bowling; spin, sidespin.

engraving n
çapa qewartinê
(art) The practice of incising a design onto a hard, flat surface, by cutting grooves into it.
(printing) The art of producing an image from an engraved printing form, typically made of copper.

engross /ɛnˈɡɹoʊs/ /ɛnˈɡɹəʊs/ /ɛŋˈɡɹoʊs/ /ɛŋˈɡɹəʊs/ /ɪnˈɡɹəʊs/ /ɪŋˈɡɹəʊs/ v
nivîsîn
(transitive, now, _, legal) To write (a document) in large, aesthetic, and legible lettering; to make a finalized copy of.

engulf /ɪŋˈɡʌlf/ v
rû girtin
(transitive) To surround; to cover; to submerge.

enhance /ɛnˈhæns/ /ɪnˈhæns/ /ɪnˈhɑːns/ v
گه‌وره‌بوون
To augment or make something greater.
perisandin
To improve something by adding features.

enjoyment /ənˈd͡ʒɔɪmənt/ /ɛnˈd͡ʒɔɪmənt/ /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪmənt/ n
kêf
(uncountable) The condition of enjoying anything.

enlargement /ɪnˈlaːd͡ʒ.mənt/ /ɪnˈlɑɹd͡ʒ.mənt/ /ɪnˈlɑːd͡ʒ.mənt/ n
girbûn
An act or instance of making something larger.

ennui /ɑnˈwi/ /ɒnˈwiː/ n
acizbûnî
A gripping listlessness or melancholia caused by boredom; depression.

enormous /iˈnɔɹ.məs/ /ɪˈnoː.məs/ /ɪˈnɔɹ.məs/ /ɪˈnɔː.məs/ adj
زۆر چاک
Extremely large; greatly exceeding the common size, extent, etc.

enough /i-/ /ə-/ /ɪˈnʌf/ determiner
biehliyet
Sufficient; all that is required, needed, or appropriate.

ensign /ˈɛn.saɪn/ /ˈɛn.sən/ /ˈɛn.sɪn/ [ˈɛn.sn̩] n
ئاڵا
Any prominent flag or banner.

ensure /ɪnˈʃɔː/ /ɪnˈʃɝ/ /ɪnˈʃʊə/ /ɪnˈʃʊɹ/ v
bi dest xistin
(intransitive) To make sure or certain of something (usually some future event or condition). [from 18th c.]

entangle /ɛnˈtaŋ.ɡəl/ /ɪnˈtaŋ.ɡəl/ /ɪnˈtæŋ.ɡəl/ [ɛnˈtaŋ.ɡl̩] v
pê ve hatin kirin
(transitive) To involve in difficulties or embarrassments; to embarrass, puzzle, or distract by adverse or perplexing circumstances, interests, demands, etc.; to hamper; to bewilder.

enterprise /ˈɛntəˌpɹaɪz/ /ˈɛntɚˌpɹaɪz/ n
şirket
A company, business, organization, or other purposeful endeavor.

entertain /ˌɛntəˈteɪn/ /ˌɛntɚˈteɪn/ [ˌɛɾ̃ɚˈtʰeɪn] v
standin
(transitive, and, intransitive) to have someone over at one's home for a party or visit

enthusiasm /-θuː-/ /-θɪu̯-/ /ɛn-/ /ɪnˈθjuːziæz(ə)m/ n
coş
Intensity of feeling; excited interest or eagerness.

enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈæstɪk/ /ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk/ adj
arzûmend
With zealous fervor; excited, motivated.

entice /ɪnˈtaɪs/ v
ji rê derxistin
(transitive) To lure; to attract by arousing desire or hope.

entitle /ənˈtaɪ.təl/ /ənˈtaɪtəl/ /ɛnˈtaɪ.təl/ v
rê dan
To give power or authority (to do something).

entomology /ˌɛntəˈmɒlədʒi/ n
entomolojî
The scientific study of insects, and (informally) of other arthropods (and occasionally other invertebrates).

entrance /ˈɛn.tɹəns/ n
ketin
(countable) The action of entering, or going in.
The act of taking possession, as of property, or of office.

entrench /ɛnˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/ /ɪnˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/ v
هه‌ڵقه‌ندن
(construction, archaeology) To dig or excavate a trench; to trench.

entry /ˈɛntɹi/ n
ketin
The act of entering.
derî
A small room immediately inside the front door of a house or other building, often having an access to a stairway and leading on to other rooms
nivîsar
An item in a list, such as an article in a dictionary or encyclopedia.
A record made in a log, diary or anything similarly organized; (computing) a datum in a database.

entwist v
badan

enunciate /ɪˈnʌnsiˌeɪt/ v
agahdar kirin
(transitive) To articulate, pronounce.

envious /ˈɛnviːəs/ adj
dexes
Feeling or exhibiting envy; jealously desiring the excellence or good fortune of another; maliciously grudging

environment /-mɪnt/ /ənˈ-/ /ɪnˈvaɪɚ(n)mənt/ /ɪnˈvaɪɹə(n)mənt/ n
derdor
(computing) The software and/or hardware existing on any particular computer system.

environmentalist n
kesk
One who advocates for the protection of the environment and biosphere from misuse from human activity through such measures as ecosystem protection, waste reduction and pollution prevention.

epic /ˈep.ɪk/ /ˈɛp.ɪk/ n
dastan
An extended narrative poem in elevated or dignified language, celebrating the feats of a deity, demigod (heroic epic), other legend or traditional hero.

epilepsy /ˈɛpɪlɛpsi/ n
atî
(pathology) A medical condition in which the sufferer experiences seizures (or convulsions) and blackouts.

episode /ˈep.ɪ.səʉd/ /ˈɛp.ə.soʊd/ /ˈɛp.ɪ.səʊd/ n
beş
An instalment of a drama told in parts, as in a TV series.

epistemology /eˌpɪstiˈmɔləd͡ʒi/ /iˌpɪstəˈmɑləd͡ʒi/ /əˌpɪstəˈmɑləd͡ʒi/ /əˌpɪstəˈmɒləd͡ʒi/ /ɛˌpɪstəˈmɑləd͡ʒi/ /ɪˌpɪstəˈmɑləd͡ʒi/ /ɪˌpɪstəˈmɒləd͡ʒi/ n
epîstemolojî
(uncountable) The branch of philosophy dealing with the study of knowledge; the theory of knowledge, asking such questions as "What is knowledge?", "How is knowledge acquired?", "What do people know?", "How do we know what we know?", "How do we know it is true?", and so on.

epistle /ɪˈpɪs(ə)l/ /ɪˈpɪsl̩/ n
نامه‌
(chiefly, literary, or, humorous) A letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly.
One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community.

epithelium /ˌɛpɪˈθiːlɪəm/ n
epîtelyûm
(anatomy) A membranous tissue composed of one or more layers of cells which forms the covering of most internal and external surfaces of the body and its organs: internally including the lining of vessels and other small cavities, and externally being the skin.

epoch /ˈeɪˌpɑk/ /ˈiˌpɑk/ /ˈiːpɒk/ /ˈɛp.ək/ /ˈɛpɒk/ /ˈɛpək/ /ˈɛpˌɑk/ n
dewr
A particular period of history, or of a person's life, especially one considered noteworthy or remarkable.

equal /ˈiːkwəl/ /ˈiːkəl/ adj
wekhev
(not comparable) The same in all respects.
cenaze
(mathematics, not comparable) Exactly identical, having the same value.
mêr
(music) Intended for voices of one kind only, either all male or all female; not mixed.

equality /ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/ /ɪˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti/ [ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ɾi] n
wekhevî
(mathematics) The fact of being equal, of having the same value.
The equal treatment of people irrespective of social or cultural differences.

equator /iˈkweɪ.tɚ/ /ɪˈkweɪ.tə/ /ɪˈkweɪ.tɚ/ n
ekvator
(geography, often, _, “the Equator”) An imaginary great circle around Earth, equidistant from the two poles, and dividing earth's surface into the northern and southern hemisphere.

equestrian /ɪˈkwɛstrɪən/ adj
hesp
Of horseback riding or horseback riders.

equestrian /ɪˈkwɛstrɪən/ n
siwar
One who rides a horse.

equilibrium /iːkwɪˈlɪbɹɪəm/ /ɛkwɪˈlɪbɹɪəm/ n
balans
The condition of a system in which competing influences are balanced, resulting in no net change.
Mental balance.
(chemistry) The state of a reaction in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are the same.
(physics) The state of a body at rest or in uniform motion in which the resultant of all forces on it is zero.

equine /ˈiˌkwaɪn/ /ˈiːˌkwaɪn/ /ˈɛkˌwaɪn/ adj
hesp
Of or relating to a horse or horses.

equinox /ˈi-/ /ˈiː-/ /ˈɛkwəˌnɑks/ /ˈɛkwɪnɒks/ /ˈɛkwɪˌnɑks/ /ˌi-/ /ˌiː-/ /ˌɛkwəˈnɑktiz/ /ˌɛkwɪˈnɑktiz/ /ˌɛkwɪˈnɒktiːz/ n
ekînoks
One of two times in the year (one in March and the other in September) when the length of the day and the night are equal, which occurs when the sun is directly overhead at the equator; this marks the beginning of spring in one hemisphere and autumn in the other.

equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ n
ekîpment
The act of equipping, or the state of being equipped, as for a voyage or expedition.
Any items used in equipping something or someone, for example things needed for an expedition or voyage.

era /ˈɛɹ.ə/ /ˈɪə.ɹə/ /ˈɪɚ.ə/ [ˈɪə̯.ɹə] n
sedsal
A time period of indeterminate length, generally more than one year.

eradiate v
rayeka navdêrî
(intransitive) To spread out light rays in all directions.

ere /ɛə/ /ɛɚ/ /ɛː/ preposition
namûs
(poetic, archaic) Before; sooner than.

erection /ɪˈɹɛkʃən/ n
pexşan
(uncountable) The act of building or putting up or together of something.

ermine /ˈɜːmɪn/ /ˈɝmɪn/ n
banevank
A weasel found in northern latitudes (Mustela erminea in Eurasia, Alaska, and the Arctic, Mustela haidarum in Haida Gwaii, Mustela richardsonii in the rest of North America); its dark brown fur turns white in winter, apart from the black tip of the tail.

erotic /ɪˈɹɑtɪk/ /ɪˈɹɒtɪk/ adj
erotîk
Relating to or tending to arouse sexual desire or excitement.

error /ɛɚ/<a:some accents> /ˈeɹ.ɚ/<a:Mmmm> /ˈɛɹ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛɹ.ɚ/ /ˈɛɹ.ɚ/<a:nMmmm> ; n
xeletî
(countable) A mistake; an accidental wrong action or a false statement not made deliberately.

erstwhile /ˈɜː(ɹ)st.waɪl/ /ˈɝst.waɪl/ adj
dêrîn
(literary, legal, or, India) Former, previous.

escape /ə-/ /ɛ-/ /ɛk-/ /ɪk-/ /ɪˈskeɪp/ v
revîn
(intransitive) To get free; to free oneself.
(transitive) To avoid (any unpleasant person or thing); to elude, get away from.
(intransitive) To avoid capture; to get away with something, avoid punishment.

escapee /əˈskeɪˌpi/ /ˌɛsˌkeɪˈpi/ n
penaber
Someone who has become free through escaping imprisonment.

escrow /ˈɛ.skɹoʊ̯/ /ˈɛ.skɹəʊ̯/ n
derhûd

especially /əˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/ /ɛkˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/ /ɛsˈpɛʃ.(ə.)li/ /ɪˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/ adv
bi taybetî
(focus) Particularly; to a greater extent than is normal.

essay /ɛˈseɪ/ /ˈɛs.eɪ/ n
kompozisyon
(authorship) A written composition of moderate length, exploring a particular issue or subject.

essence /ˈɛsəns/ n
esans
The inherent nature of a thing or idea.
(philosophy) The true nature of anything, not accidental or illusory.
Fragrance, a perfume.

essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/ adv
xwarin
in essence

establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ v
kirin
(transitive) To form; to found; to institute; to set up in business.

establishment /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/ n
barûdox
(usually with "the") The ruling class or authority group in a society; especially, an entrenched authority dedicated to preserving the status quo. Also Establishment.

estate /ɪˈsteɪt/ n
saman
(legal) The nature and extent of a person's interest in, or ownership of, land. [from 15th c.]

esteem /əˈstiːm/ /ɪˈstiːm/ v
meth
To set a high value on; to regard with respect or reverence.

estranged adj
dûr
Having become a stranger, of one who formerly was close, as a relative, friend, lover, or spouse.

etc. /ɪkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ /ɪt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ /ˌɛkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ /ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ phraseologicalUnit
hwd.
And so on: used to note that the rest of a list or piece of information has been left out on the assumption that it is similar or already known.

etching /ˈɛt͡ʃ.ɪŋ/ n
çapa qewartinê
(uncountable) The art of producing an image from a metal plate into which an image or text has been etched with acid.

eternal /iˈtɝ.nəl/ /ɪˈtɜː.nəl/ /ɪˈtɝ.nəl/ adj
ebedî
Lasting forever; unending.

ethics /ˈɛθ.ɪks/ n
exlaq
The standards that govern the conduct of a person, especially a member of a profession.

ethnology n
etnolojî
(anthropology) The branch of anthropology that studies and compares the different human cultures.

etiquette /ˈɛt.ɪ.kɪt/ /ˈɛt.ɪˌkɛt/ n
serpêhatî
The manners or decent behaviour to be observed in social or professional life; conventional decorum; the ceremonial code of polite society.

euphoria /juːˈfɔːɹi.ə/ n
xox
An excited state of joy; a feeling of intense happiness.

evaluate /ɨˈvaljʊeɪt/ /ɪ̈ˈvaljəˌweɪt/ v
nirxandin
(transitive) To draw conclusions from examining; to assess.

evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən/ n
hilsegandin
An assessment, such as an annual personnel performance review used as the basis for a salary increase or bonus, or a summary of a particular situation.

eve /iːv/ n
êvare
The day or night before, usually used for holidays, such as Christmas Eve.

even /ˈivn̩/ /ˈivən/ /ˈiːvən/ adv
به‌ ته‌واوی
(archaic) Exactly, just, fully.
hem
In reality; implying an extreme example in the case mentioned, as compared to the implied reality.

evening /ˈivnɪŋ/ /ˈiːvnɪŋ/ n
êvare
The time of the day between the approximate time of midwinter dusk and midnight (compare afternoon); the period after the end of regular office working hours.

eventful adj
bihedîse
Of or pertaining to high levels of activity; having many memorable events.

ever /ˈɛvə/ /ˈɛvɚ/ adv
daîme
Always, frequently, forever.
qet
At any time.

ever since conjunction
ji dema ku
Continuously since a specified time or event.

everlasting /ˌɛvəˈlɑːstɪŋ/ /ˌɛvɚˈlæstɪŋ/ adj
bêdawî
Lasting or enduring forever; existing or continuing without end

evermore /ˌɛvəˈmoə/ /ˌɛvəˈmɔː/ /ˌɛvɚˈmo(ː)ɹ/ /ˌɛvɚˈmɔɹ/ adv
herdem
Always; forever; eternally.

everybody /ˈɛvɹibədi/ /ˈɛvɹiˌbɑdi/ /ˈɛvɹiˌbɒdi/ /ˈɛvɹiˌbʌdi/ /ˈɛɹbʌdi/ pronoun
هه‌مولا
All people.

everyone /ˈɛv.ɹi.wʌn/ pronoun
her kes
Every person.

everything /ˈɛvɹiθɪŋ/ pronoun
hertişt
(literally) All the things under discussion.

everywhere /ɛv.ɹi.(h)weə(ɹ)/ /ɛv.ɹi.(h)wɛɹ/ adv
herder
In or to all locations under discussion.

evidence /ˈev.ɪ.dəns/ /ˈɛv.ə.dəns/ /ˈɛv.ɪ.dəns/ [ˈɛv.ə.ɾəns] [ˈɛv.ɪ.ɾəns] n
belge
Facts or observations presented in support of an assertion.
(legal) Anything admitted by a court to prove or disprove alleged matters of fact in a trial.

evil /ˈivl̩/ /ˈiːvl̩/ /ˈiːvɪl/ adj
bêfiqaqî
Intending to harm; malevolent.

evil /ˈivl̩/ /ˈiːvl̩/ /ˈiːvɪl/ n
dijûn
Moral badness; wickedness; malevolence; the forces or behaviors that are the opposite or enemy of good.

evil eye /ˌiv(ə)l̩‿ˈaɪ/ /ˌiːvl̩‿ˈaɪ/ /ˌiːvɪl-/ n
çav
A wicked look conveying dislike or envy that in many cultures is believed to be able to cause bad luck or injury; also, the ability to cause bad luck or injury through such a look, supposed to be possessed by some people.
چاو
The charm used to ward off the evil eye; a nazar.
(often, humorous) A look conveying disapproval, envy, hostility, etc.

evilness n
neçêyî
The quality or state of being evil.

evolution /ɛvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ /ɛvəˈlʉːʃən/ /ˌivə-/ /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɛvəˈluʃ(ə)n/ n
paresan
(biology) The transformation of animals, plants and other living things into different forms (now understood as a change in genetic composition) by the accumulation of changes over successive generations. [from 19th c.]

ewe /joʊ̯/ /joː/ /juː/ /jʊ̯u/ n
mî
A female sheep, as opposed to a ram.

exacerbate /ɪkˈsæs-/ /ɪɡˈzæsəˌbeɪt/ /ɪɡˈzæsɚˌbeɪt/ v
له‌ بار که‌وتن
(transitive) To make worse (a problem, bad situation, negative feeling, etc.); aggravate.

exactly /ɪɡˈzæk(t)li/ adv
xal
(manner) Without approximation; precisely.

examination /ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
تاقیکردنه‌وه‌
The act of examining.
Particularly, an inspection by a medical professional to establish the extent and nature of any sickness or injury.
(education) A formal test involving answering written or oral questions under a time constraint and usually without access to textbooks; typically, a large, written test administered to high school and college students covering course material studied in a semester.

example /əɡˈzaːm.pəl/ /əɡˈzæm.pəl/ /ɪɡˈzam.pəl/ /ɪɡˈzæm.pəl/ /ɪɡˈzɑːm.pəl/ [ɘɡˈzɐːmpɯ] [ɪɡˈzɛəmpəɫ] n
nimûne
Something that is representative of all such things in a group.
Something that serves as a pattern of behaviour to be imitated (a good example) or not to be imitated (a bad example).
A person punished as a warning to others.
A parallel or closely similar case, especially when serving as a precedent or model.
An instance (as a problem to be solved) serving to illustrate the rule or precept or to act as an exercise in the application of the rule.

exanimate /ɪɡˈzænɪmeɪt/ /ɪɡˈzænɪmɪt/ adj
merg
Lifeless, not or no longer living, dead.

excellent /ˈɛkslənt/ /ˈɛksələnt/ /ˈɛksɪlənt/ adj
bêkemasî
Of higher or the highest quality; splendid.

except /əkˈsɛpt/ /ɛkˈsɛpt/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ preposition
din
Used to introduce a noun or noun phrase forming an exception or qualification to something previously stated.

except /əkˈsɛpt/ /ɛkˈsɛpt/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ v
ji bilî
(transitive) To exclude; to specify as being an exception.
(intransitive) To take exception, to object (to or against).

exceptional /ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl/ adj
hindik caran
Forming an exception; not ordinary; uncommon; rare.

excerpt /ɛkˈsɜ(ɹ)(p)t/ /ɛɡˈzɜ(ɹ)(p)t/ /ˈɛksɜ(ɹ)(p)t/ /ˈɛɡzɜ(ɹ)(p)t/ v
iqtibas
(transitive) To select or copy sample material (excerpts) from a work.

excitation /ˌɛksaɪˈteɪʃən/ n
handerkirin
(physiology) The activity produced in an organ, tissue, or part, such as a nerve cell, as a result of stimulation

excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ adj
biheyecan
Having great enthusiasm, passion and energy.

exciting /ɛkˈsʌɪtɪŋ/ /ɪkˈsʌɪtɪŋ/ adj
biheyecan
creating or producing excitement

exclamation /ˌɛkskləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
qîjîn
A loud calling or crying out, for example as in surprise, pain, grief, joy, anger, etc.

exclamation mark /ˌɛks.kləˈmeɪ.ʃən ˌmɑɹk/ /ˌɛks.kləˈmeɪ.ʃən ˌmɑːk/ n
bangnîşan
The punctuation mark “!” (generally used to denote excitement, surprise or shock).

excrement /ˈɛkskɹəmənt/ n
gû
(now, _, specifically) Human and non-human animal solid waste excreted from the bowels; feces.

excursion /ekˈskɜː.ʃən/ /ɛkˈskɜː.ʃən/ /ɛkˈskɝ.ʒən/ n
meshyan
A brief recreational trip; a journey out of the usual way.

excuse /ɛksˈkjus/ /ɛksˈkjuz/ /ɛksˈkjuːs/ /ɛksˈkjuːz/ /ɪksˈkjus/ /ɪksˈkjuz/ /ɪkˈskjuːs/ /ɪkˈskjuːz/ v
bexşandin
(transitive) To forgive; to pardon.

excuse me /ɛksˈkjuːz mi/ /ɪksˈkjuːz mi/ phraseologicalUnit
efû
(North America) Said, as though as a request to repeat information, in order to indicate disbelief or indignation.
Said as a request for an individual's attention.
Sorry, as an apology.
ببووره‌
Said as a request to pass somebody.

execute /ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/ v
xeniqandin
(transitive) To kill, especially as punishment for a capital crime.
(transitive, computing) To start, launch, or run.
[[بردن به‌ڕێوه‌]]
(transitive, law) To carry out, to perform an act; to put into effect or cause to become legally binding or valid (as a contract) by so doing.

execution /ˌɛk.sɪˈkjuː.ʃən/ /ˌɛɡ.zɪˈkjuː.ʃən/ n
bicihanîn
[[بردن به‌ڕێوه‌]]
The act of putting to death or being put to death as a penalty, or actions so associated.
(computing) The carrying out of an instruction, program or program segment by a computer.

exemplar /ɛɡˈzɛm.plɑɹ/ /ɛɡˈzɛm.plə/ /ɪkˈzɛm.plə/ /ɪɡˈzɛm.plɚ/ n
nimûne
A handwritten manuscript used by a scribe to make a handwritten copy; the original copy of what gets multiply reproduced in a copy machine.

exemplary /ɛɡ-/ /ɪɡˈzɛmpləɹi/ adj
nimûne
Of such high quality that it should serve as an example to be imitated; ideal, perfect.

exercise /ˈɛk.sə.saɪz/ /ˈɛk.sɚ.saɪz/ n
temrîn
(countable) Any activity designed to develop or hone a skill or ability.
(countable, uncountable) Activity intended to improve physical, or sometimes mental, strength and fitness.

exercise /ˈɛk.sə.saɪz/ /ˈɛk.sɚ.saɪz/ v
arandin

exercise book n
defter
A booklet for students, containing either problems or exercises, and blank, often lined pages for writing answers.

exertion /əɡˈzɝʃən/ n
ڕه‌نج
An expenditure of physical or mental effort.

exhaust /ɪɡˈzɑst/ /ɪɡˈzɔst/ /ɪɡˈzɔːst/ v
kuta bûn
(transitive, literally, figuratively) To use up; to deplete, drain or expend wholly, or until the supply comes to an end

exhaust pipe n
bêdeng
For internal combustion engines, the pipe that vents waste gases from the engine.

exhaustive /ɛɡˈzɑ.stɪv/ /ɛɡˈzɔː.stɪv/ adj
bivegirtî
Including every possible element

exhibit /ɛɡ-/ /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ v
danîn ber çavan
(transitive) To demonstrate.

exhort /ɛɡˈzɔɹt/ /ɛɡˈzɔːt/ /ɪɡˈzɔɹt/ /ɪɡˈzɔːt/ v
hişarkirin
To urge; to advise earnestly.

exhortation /ˌɛksɔːˈteɪʃən/ /ˌɛɡzɔːˈteɪʃən/ n
hişyarî
The act or practice of exhorting.

exile /ɪɡˈzaɪl/ /ˈɛkˌsaɪl/ /ˈɛɡˌzaɪl/ n
nefî
(uncountable) The state of being banished from one's home or country.

exist /ɛɡˈzɪst/ /ɪɡˈzɪst/ v
hebûn
(intransitive, stative) to be; have existence; have being or reality

existence /ɛɡˈzɪs.təns/ /ɪɡˈzɪs.təns/ n
hebûn
The state of being, existing, or occurring; beinghood.

exit /ˈɛksət/ /ˈɛksɪt/ /ˈɛɡzət/ /ˈɛɡzɪt/ v
bi dûr ketin
(intransitive) To go out or go away from a place or situation; to depart, to leave.

expedient /ɪkˈspiːdi.ənt/ adj
guncav
Suitable to effect some desired end or the purpose intended.
(obsolete) Expeditious, quick, rapid.
biavantaj
Governed by self-interest, often short-term self-interest.

expedient /ɪkˈspiːdi.ənt/ n
çare
A method or means for achieving a particular result, especially when direct or efficient; a resource.

expel /ɪkˈspɛl/ v
ajotin
(transitive) To deport.

expenditure /ɛkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃə/ /ɛkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃɚ/ /ɪkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃə/ /ɪkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃɚ/ n
[[به‌ها]]
(uncountable, countable) The amount expended; expense; outlay.

expense /ɪkˈspɛns/ n
[[به‌ها]]
A spending or consuming, often a disbursement of funds.

experience /ɪkˈspɪə.ɹɪəns/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.əns/ n
serborî
The effect upon the judgment or feelings produced by any event, whether witnessed or participated in; personal and direct impressions as contrasted with description or fancies; personal acquaintance; actual enjoyment or suffering.
(countable) An activity one has performed.
(countable) A collection of events and/or activities from which an individual or group may gather knowledge, opinions, and skills.
(uncountable) The knowledge thus gathered.

experiment /ɛkˈspɛɹ.ɪ.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ɪ.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.ə.mənt/ n
ceribandin
A test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried.

expert /ˈek.spɜːt/ /ˈɛk.spɜːt/ /ˈɛk.spɝt/ n
pispor
A person with extensive knowledge or ability in a given subject.

explain /ɛkˈspleɪn/ /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v
ravekirin
(ambitransitive) To make plain, manifest, or intelligible; to clear of obscurity; to illustrate the meaning of.
şirove kirin
(transitive) To give a valid excuse for past behavior.

explode /ɪkˈsploʊd/ /ɪkˈspləʊd/ v
peqandin
(transitive) To destroy with an explosion.
(intransitive) To fly apart with sudden violent force; to blow up, to burst, to detonate, to go off.

explore /ɪkˈsplo(ː)ɹ/ /ɪkˈsploə/ /ɪkˈsplɔɹ/ /ɪkˈsplɔː/ v
gercust
(transitive) To (seek) experience first hand.

explorer /ɛkˈsplɔːɹə(ɹ)/ n
gerok
(computing, graphical user interface) A visual representation of a file system etc. through which the user can navigate.

explosive /ɛkˈspləʊsɪv/ /ɪkˈspləʊsɪv/ adj
pilte
With the capability to, or likely to, explode.
Having the character of an explosion.

expose /ɛkˈspoʊz/ /ɪkˈspoʊz/ /ɪkˈspəʊz/ v
ji kar avêtin
(transitive) To reveal, uncover, make visible, bring to light, introduce (to).

exposition /ɛkspəˈzɪʃən/ n
beyan
(authorship) The act or process of declaring or describing something through either speech or writing; the portions and aspects of a piece of writing that exist mainly to describe the setting, characters and other non-plot elements.
ketin
(authorship) An opening section in fiction, in which background information about the characters, events or setting is conveyed.
(music) The opening section of a movement in sonata form; the opening section of a fugue.

expressway /eks.ˈpɹɛs.weɪ/ n
otorê
(US, regional) A divided highway, especially one whose intersections and direct access to adjacent properties have been eliminated.

extend /ɛkˈstɛnd/ v
berdan
(transitive) To cause to increase in extent.
(transitive) To cause to last for a longer period of time.
(transitive) To bestow; to offer; to impart; to apply.

extension /ɛkˈstɛnʃən/ /ɪkˈstɛnʃən/ n
دوای ئه‌خات
(banking, finance) A written engagement on the part of a creditor, allowing a debtor further time to pay a debt.
paşgir
(computing) A file extension.

extensive /ɛksˈtɛn.sɪv/ /ɪkˈstɛn.sɪv/ adj
fire
(figurative) Considerable in amount.

extinct /ɛk-/ /ɪkˈstɪŋ(k)t/ adj
merg
(geology) Of a geological feature: no longer active; specifically, of a volcano: no longer erupting.

extinguish /ɪkˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ v
reş kirin
To stop (fire, etc.) from burning; also, to stop (light, etc.) from shining; to put out, to quench.

extol /ɪkˈstoʊl/ /ɪkˈstɒl/ /ɪkˈstəʊl/ v
meth
To praise; to make high.

extra time n
berdan

eye /aɪ/ n
çav
An organ through which animals see.
The ability to notice what others might miss.
A loop forming part of anything, or a hole through anything, to receive a hook, pin, rope, shaft, etc.; for example, at the end of a tie bar in a bridge truss, through a crank, at the end of a rope, or through a millstone.

eyebrow /ˈaɪˌbɹaʊ/ n
birû
The hair that grows over the bone ridge above the eye socket.

eyelash /ˈaɪlæʃ/ n
bijang
(anatomy, dermatology) One of the hairs which grows along the edge of eyelids.

eyelet /ˈaɪ.lət/ n
xanî
An object that consists of a rim and small hole or perforation to receive a cord or fastener, as in garments, sails, etc. An eyelet may reinforce a hole.

eyelid /ˈaɪ.lɪd/ n
kanik
A thin skin membrane that covers and moves over an eye.

eyepiece n
hawêne
The lens (or the component containing a combination of lenses) at the eye end of a microscope or telescope by which the image is viewed.

eyesight /ˈaɪˌsaɪt/ n
dîtin
Vision or the faculty of sight.

ezafe /ɛˈzɑːfeɪ/ n
ezafe
A grammatical particle found in some Iranian and Iranian-influenced languages which links two words together; it consists of the unstressed vowel -e / -ye (Persian, Bengali, Hindi-Urdu), -i / -yi (Classical Persian, Kurdish, Urdu, Ottoman Turkish), or -ı (Ottoman Turkish) between the words it connects, and often approximately corresponds in usage to the English preposition "of", similar to but not to be confused with Arabic ʾiḍāfa.

fabric /ˈfæb.ɹɪk/ n
بینا
(now, rare) An edifice or building.
tor
(figurative) The framework underlying a structure.
tevînek
A material made of fibers, a textile or cloth.

fabricate /ˈfæb.ɹɪ.keɪt/ v
çê kirin
(transitive) To form into a whole by uniting its parts; to construct; to build.
(transitive) To form by art and labor; to manufacture; to produce.
(transitive) To invent and form; to forge; to devise falsely.

face /feɪs/ /feːs/ n
rû
(anatomy) The front part of the head of a human or other animal, featuring the eyes, nose, and mouth, and the surrounding area.
(geometry) Any of the flat bounding surfaces of a polyhedron; more generally, any of the bounding pieces of a polytope of any dimension.

face to face adv
beranber
In person; directly; in the physical presence of somebody.

faceplant /ˈfeɪsˌplænt/ /ˈfeɪsˌplɑːnt/ n
devrî
(informal) The act of landing face first, as a result of an accident or error.

faceplant /ˈfeɪsˌplænt/ /ˈfeɪsˌplɑːnt/ v
devrî
(informal, transitive, intransitive) To land face first.

facet /ˈfæsɪt/ n
façeta
Any one of the flat surfaces cut into a gem.

facility /fəˈsɪlɪti/ n
hêsanî
The fact of being easy, or easily done; absence of difficulty; simplicity. [from 16th c.]
hişkalav
The physical means or contrivances to make something (especially a public service) possible; the required equipment, infrastructure, location etc. [from 19th c.]

faction /ˈfæk.ʃn̩/ /ˈfæk.ʃən/ n
fraksiyon
(countable) A group of people, especially within a political organization, which expresses a shared belief or opinion different from people who are not part of the group.

factor /ˈfæk.tə/ /ˈfæk.tɚ/ n
faktor
(obsolete) A doer, maker; a person who does things for another person or organization.
An agent or representative.
(legal)
A business organization that lends money on accounts receivable or buys and collects accounts receivable.
A commission agent.
A person or business organization that provides money for another's new business venture; one who finances another's business.
One of the elements, circumstances, or influences which contribute to produce a result.
(mathematics) Any of various objects multiplied together to form some whole.
(causal analysis) Influence; a phenomenon that affects the nature, the magnitude, and/or the timing of a consequence.
(economics) A resource used in the production of goods or services, a factor of production.
(Scotland) A steward or bailiff of an estate.

factory /ˈfæk.tə.ɹi/ /ˈfæk.tɚ.i/ /ˈfæk.tɹi/ n
fabrîqe
A building or other place where manufacturing takes place. [from 17th c.]

facultative /ˈfæ.kəl.tə.tɪv/ /ˈfæ.kəlˌteɪ.tɪv/ adj
behredar
Of or relating to faculty, especially to mental faculty.

faculty /ˈfæ.kəl.ti/ n
fakûlte
A division of a university.
zanko
(Often in the plural) : an ability, power, or skill.

fad /fæd/ n
moda
A phenomenon that becomes popular for a very short time.

fade /feɪd/ /fæɪd/ adj
bêtam
(archaic) Weak; insipid; tasteless.

fag /fæɡ/ n
hejîr
(chiefly, US, Canada, vulgar, usually, _, offensive) A homosexual man, especially (usually, _, derogatory) an effeminate or unusual one.

failure /ˈfeɪ.ljə/ /ˈfeɪ.ljɚ/ n
biserneketin
State or condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, opposite of success.
şêlim
An object, person or endeavour in a state of failure or incapable of success.

fainthearted adj
bistehî
Faint of heart; irresolute; fearful.

fair /feː(ə)/ /fɛə/ /fɛɚ/ /fɛː/ /fɪə/ adj
bedew
Unblemished (figuratively or literally); clean and pure; innocent.

fair /feː(ə)/ /fɛə/ /fɛɚ/ /fɛː/ /fɪə/ n
bazar
An event for public entertainment and trade, a market.

fairway /ˈfɛəweɪ/ /ˈfɛɹweɪ/ n
جادھ
(golf) The area between the tee and the green, where the grass is cut short.

fairy tale n
çîrvanok
A folktale or literary story featuring fairies or similar fantasy characters.

faith /feɪθ/ n
bawerkirin
A trust or confidence in the intentions or abilities of a person, object, or ideal from prior empirical evidence.
dîn
A religious or spiritual belief system.

faithful /ˈfeɪθ.fəl/ adj
biwefa
Loyal; adhering firmly to person or cause.

faithfully /ˈfeɪθfəli/ adv
bi awayekî hêzdar
In a faithful manner.

fake /feɪ̯k/ adj
zir
Not real; false, fraudulent

falcon /ˈfoːlkən/ /ˈfælkən/ /ˈfɑːlkən/ /ˈfɒlkən/ /ˈfɔː(l)kən/ /ˈfɛlkən/ n
atemce
Any bird of the genus Falco, all of which are birds of prey.

fall /fo(ː)l/ /foːl/ /fuːl/ /fɑl/ /fɔl/ /fɔːl/ v
ketin
To move to a lower position under the effect of gravity.
To come down, to drop or descend.
(intransitive) To collapse; to be overthrown or defeated.
(intransitive) To be allotted to; to arrive through chance, fate, or inheritance.
(intransitive, obsolete) To issue forth into life; to be brought forth; said of the young of certain animals.
(intransitive) To descend in character or reputation; to become degraded; to sink into vice, error, or sin.
mirin
(intransitive, formal, euphemistic) To die, especially in battle or by disease.

fall down v
ketin
(intransitive) To fall to the ground. To collapse.

fall for v
bawer bûn
(idiomatic) To be fooled by; to walk into (a trap) or respond to (a scam or trick).

fall guy n
hirmê
(informal) One who is gullible and easily duped.
کۆتر
(informal) A scapegoat.

fall in love v
hatin hingaftin
(intransitive, of a person, animate object following “with”) To come to have feelings of love, particularly romantic love.

fall short /foːl ʃoːt/ /fɔl ʃoɹt/ v
bûn
(idiomatic) To be less satisfactory than expected; to be inadequate or insufficient.

fallacious /fə.ˈleɪ.ʃəs/ adj
nerast
Characterized by fallacy; false or mistaken.

fallacy /ˈfæl.ə.si/ n
nerast
Deceptive or false appearance; that which misleads the eye or the mind.

fallow /ˈfæloʊ/ /ˈfæləʊ/ adj
eware
(figurative) Inactive; undeveloped.

fallow /ˈfæloʊ/ /ˈfæləʊ/ n
bixar
(agriculture, uncountable) Ground ploughed and harrowed but left unseeded for one year.
(agriculture, uncountable) Uncultivated land.

false /fɑls/ /fɒls/ /fɔls/ /fɔːls/ [fɒʊs] [fɔɫs] adj
nerast
Untrue, not factual, factually incorrect.
(logic) Of a state in Boolean logic that indicates a negative result.
zir
Spurious, artificial.

falsehood /ˈfɒlsˌhʊd/ n
derew
(countable) A false statement, especially an intentional one; a lie.

fame /feɪm/ n
}faimă
The state of being famous or well-known and spoken of.

family /ˈfæm(ə)li/ /ˈfæm(ɪ)li/ /ˈfæmɪli/ /ˈfɛm(ɘ)li/ n
malbat
(countable) A nuclear family: a mother and father who are married and cohabiting and their child or children.
(countable) A (close-knit) group of people related by blood, friendship, marriage, law, or custom, especially if they live or work together.
(countable, biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below order and above genus; a taxon at that rank.
(countable, linguistics) A group of languages believed to have descended from the same ancestral language.

famine /ˈfæmɪn/ n
xela
(countable) A period of extreme shortage of food in a region.

famous /ˈfeɪməs/ adj
dengdar
Well known.
In the public eye.

fan /faːn/ /fæn/ [feən] [fɛən] [fɛːn] n
baweşînk
A hand-held device consisting of concertinaed material, or slats of material, gathered together at one end, that may be opened out into the shape of a sector of a circle and waved back and forth in order to move air towards oneself and cool oneself.
piştevan
A person who is fond of something or someone, especially an admirer of a performer or aficionado of a sport.

fancy /ˈfæn.si/ v
xwestin
To have a fancy for; to like; to be pleased with, particularly on account of external appearance or manners.

fang /feɪŋ/ /fæŋ/ n
diran
A long, pointed canine tooth used for biting and tearing flesh.
A long pointed tooth in snakes, for injecting venom.

fanny pack /ˈfæni pæk/ n
mûz
(North America) A small fabric pouch secured with a zipper and worn at the waist by a strap around the hips.

far /fɑɹ/ /fɑː/ adj
dûr
Distant; remote in space.
Remote in time.
Long.

fare /fɛə(ɹ)/ /fɛɚ/ /fɛɹ/ n
rêwî
(countable) A paying passenger, especially in a taxi.

farewell /fæɹˈwɛl/ /fɑːɹˈwɛl/ /fɛəˈwɛl/ /fɛɚˈwɛl/ n
adio
A wish of happiness or safety at parting, especially a permanent departure.

farm /fɑːm/ /fɑːɹm/ n
bane
A place where agricultural and similar activities take place, especially the growing of crops or the raising of livestock.

faro /ˈfɛəɹəʊ/ n
fîrewn
(card games) A game of chance played by betting on the order in which certain cards will appear when taken singly from the top of the pack.

farrier /ˈfæɹi.ə/ /ˈfæɹi.ɚ/ /ˈfɛɹi.ɚ/ n
nalbend
A person who maintains the health and balance of horses' feet through the trimming of the hoofs and fitting of horseshoes.

fart /fɑɹt/ /fɑːt/ n
fis piv
(informal, impolite) An emission of digestive gases from the anus; a flatus. [from 15th c.]

fascism /faˈsis(ə)m/ /faˈsiz(ə)m/ /ˈfæʃɪz(ə)m/ n
faşîzm
Any right-wing, authoritarian, nationalist ideology characterized by centralized, totalitarian governance, strong regimentation of the economy and society, and repression of criticism or opposition. [1922]

fashion /ˈfæʃən/ n
moda
(countable) A current (constantly changing) trend, favored for frivolous rather than practical, logical, or intellectual reasons.
(uncountable) Popular trends, especially in clothing; the industry that designs clothing and sometimes other related items.
جۆر
(countable) A style or manner in which something is done.

fashionable /ˈfæʃənəbl̩/ adj
hevdem
Characteristic of or influenced by a current popular trend or style.

fast /fæst/ /fɑːst/ adj
خێرا
Moving with great speed, or capable of doing so; swift, rapid. [from 14th c.]
kûr
Deep or sound (of sleep); fast asleep (of people). [16th–19th c.]
berî
Ahead of the correct time or schedule. [from 19th c.]

fast /fæst/ /fɑːst/ adv
serî
Quickly, with great speed; within a short time [from 13th c.].
berî
Ahead of the correct time or schedule.

fast /fæst/ /fɑːst/ v
rojî girtin
(transitive) (academic) To cause a person or animal to abstain, especially from eating.

fasting /ˈfæstɪŋ/ /ˈfɑːstɪŋ/ n
rojî
Abstinence or mortification for religious reasons, especially abstinence from food.
Abstinence from food, limiting caloric intake, for medical or health reasons, dieting.

fat /fæt/ n
به‌ز
(uncountable) A specialized animal tissue with high lipid content, used for long-term storage of energy: fat tissue.

fatality /feɪ-/ /feɪˈtælɪti/ /fə-/ /fəˈtælətɪ/ /fəˈtælɪtɪ/ [feɪ̯ˈtʰælɪɾi] n
çarenivîs
The state proceeding from destiny; invincible necessity, superior to, and independent of, free and rational control. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]
That which is decreed by fate or which is fatal; a fatal event. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]
Death.

fate /feɪt/ n
felek
The presumed cause, force, principle, or divine will that predetermines events.
The effect, consequence, outcome, or inevitable events predetermined by this cause.
Destiny; often with a connotation of death, ruin, misfortune, etc.
(mythology) (one of the goddesses said to control the destiny of human beings).

fatha /fæt.ħæh/ n
bilindek
In Arabic script, the vowel point for a, appearing as a diagonal line placed above a letter ( ـَ ) and designating a short a /a/. If the Arabic letters ا (‎أَلِف) or ى (‎أَلِف مَقْصُورَة) immediately follow, it indicates a long ā /aː/.

father /ˈfeɪðəɹ/ /ˈfæðə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɐːðə/ /ˈfɑðɚ/ /ˈfɑːd̪ə(r)/ /ˈfɑːðə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɒːðɚ/ n
bav
A male ancestor more remote than a parent; a progenitor; especially, a first ancestor.
mamoste
A term of respectful address for an elderly man.
bab
A term of respectful address for a priest.

father-in-law /ˈfɑːðəɹɪnˌlɔː/ n
xezûr
One's spouse's father.

fatherhood /ˈfɑ.ðɚˌhʊd/ /ˈfɑːðəˌhʊd/ n
bavtî
The state of being a father.

fatigued adj
betilî
Tired; weary.

fatty acid n
asîda çewrî
(organic chemistry, biochemistry) Any of a class of aliphatic carboxylic acids, of general formula CnH2n+1COOH, that occur combined with glycerol as animal or vegetable oils and fats. Only those with an even number of carbon atoms are normally found in natural fats.

fault /fɑlt/ /fɒlt/ /fɔlt/ /fɔːlt/ [fɒːlt] n
nerast
A defect; something that detracts from perfection.
xeletî
A mistake or error.

faulty /ˈfɑlti/ /ˈfɒlti/ /ˈfɔlti/ /ˈfɔːlti/ [ˈfɒːlti] adj
عه‌یبدار
Having or displaying faults; not perfect; not adequate or acceptable.

favor /ˈfeɪvə/ /ˈfeɪvɚ/ n
başbûnî
A kind or helpful deed; an instance of voluntarily assisting (someone).

fealty /ˈfiː.əlti/ /ˈfiːlti/ n
ehd
The oath by which this obligation was assumed.

fear /fɪə/ /fɪɚ/ /fɪɹ/ n
tirs
(uncountable) A strong, unpleasant emotion or feeling caused by actual or perceived danger or threat.

feasible /ˈfi.zə.bəl/ /ˈfiː.zə.bəl/ [ˈfi.zə.bɫ̩] [ˈfiː.zə.bɫ̩] [ˈfɪi.zə.bɫ̩] adj
gengaz
Able to be done in practice.

feast /fiːst/ n
banket
A very large meal, often of a ceremonial nature.
cejn
A festival; a holy day or holiday; a solemn, or more commonly, a joyous, anniversary.

feather /ˈfɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɛð.ɚ/ n
pûrt
A branching, hair-like structure that grows on the bodies of birds, used for flight, swimming, protection and display.
pel
One of the two shims of the three-piece stone-splitting tool known as plug and feather or plug and feathers; the feathers are placed in a borehole and then a wedge is driven between them, causing the stone to split.

feature /ˈfi.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈfiː.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
hejmar
An important or main item.
taybetmendî
Any of the physical constituents of the face (eyes, nose, etc.).
(computing) A beneficial capability of a piece of software.

feces /ˈfiːsiːz/ n
gû

fee /fiː/ n
dirust
An additional monetary payment charged for a service or good, especially one that is minor compared to the underlying cost.

feeble /ˈfiːbəl/ adj
betilî
Deficient in physical strength.
zeîfî
Lacking force, vigor, or effectiveness in action or expression; faint.

feed /ˈfiːd/ n
xwarin
Something supplied continuously.

feed /ˈfiːd/ v
xwardin
(transitive) To give to a machine to be processed.

feedback /ˈfiːdˌbæk/ n
cewab
Critical assessment of a process or activity or of their results.

feedstock n
madeyên xam
Any bulk raw material constituting the principal input for an industrial process.

feel /fiːl/ [fiːɫ] n
بیروڕا
A vague understanding.

feel /fiːl/ [fiːɫ] v
hest pê kirin
bale kirin
(intransitive) To search by sense of touch.
(transitive, copulative) To become aware of through the skin; to use the sense of touch on.
bawer kirin
(transitive) To think, believe, or have an impression concerning.
pejinîn
(transitive) To experience an emotion or other mental state about.

feeling /ˈfilɪŋ/ /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ adj
bandorker
Emotionally sensitive.

feigned /ˈfeɪnd/ adj
nejidil
Being a pretense, a counterfeit, or something false or fraudulent.

feline /ˈfiːlaɪn/ adj
pisîk
Of or pertaining to cats.
catlike (resembling a cat); sleek, graceful, inscrutable, sensual, and/or cunning.

fell /fɛl/ n
çîya
(archaic, _, outside, _, Northern England, Scotland) A rocky ridge or chain of mountains.
şafir
(archaic, _, outside, _, Northern England, Scotland) A wild field or upland moor.

fellah /ˈfɛlə/ n
filah
A peasant, farmer or agricultural laborer in the Middle East and North Africa.

fellate /fəˈleɪt/ /ˈfɛleɪt/ v
mêjîn
(transitive, by extension) To suck (something) in a manner suggestive of fellatio.
(transitive, figuratively) To suck up to, to flatter or be shamefully subservient to.

fellow /ˈfɛloʊ/ /ˈfɛlə/ /ˈfɛləʊ/ n
dost
(chiefly, in the plural, also, figuratively) A companion; a comrade.

female /ˈfiː.meɪl/ adj
mê
Belonging to the sex which typically produces eggs (ova), or to the gender which is typically associated with it. [from 14th c.]
(figuratively) Having an internal socket, as in a connector or pipe fitting. [from 16th c.]

female /ˈfiː.meɪl/ n
mê
One of the female (feminine) sex or gender.

femicide /ˈfɛmɪsaɪd/ n
jinkujî
The killing of a woman or girl because of her sex, especially when motivated by misogyny. [from 19th c.]

feminine /ˈfɛmənɪn/ /ˈfɛmɪnɪn/ adj
afret
Belonging to females; typically used by females.
mê
(grammar) Of, pertaining or belonging to the female grammatical gender, in languages that have gender distinctions.

feminism /ˈfɛmɪnɪz(ə)m/ n
femînîzm
A social theory or political movement which argues that legal and social restrictions on women must be removed in order to bring about equality of the sexes in all aspects of public and private life.

fence /fɛns/ [fɛns] [fɛnts] n
çeper
(figuratively) A barrier, for example an emotional barrier.

fencing /ˈfɛnsɪŋ/ n
çeper
Material used to make fences, fences used as barriers or an enclosure.

fender /ˈfɛnd.ə(ɹ)/ n
dîmender
(US) panel of a car which encloses the wheel area, especially the front wheels.

fennel /ˈfɛnəl/ n
rizyane
A plant, Foeniculum vulgare, of the parsley family, which has a sweet, anise-like flavor.
(culinary) The seeds of the fennel plant used as a spice in cooking.

fenugreek /ˈfɛnjəˌɡɹiːk/ /ˈfɛnjʊˌɡɹiːk/ n
şembelîk
The seeds of this plant, used as a spice (especially in Indian and Thai cooking).

feral /ˈfɛɹəl/ /ˈfɪəɹəl/ adj
kûvî
(of an animal) Wild but descended from domestic or captive ancestors.

fermentation /ˌfɜː(ɹ)mənˈteɪʃən/ /ˌfɜː(ɹ)mɛnˈteɪʃən/ n
meyandin
(biochemistry) Any of many anaerobic biochemical reactions in which an enzyme (or several enzymes produced by a microorganism) catalyses the conversion of one substance into another; especially the conversion (using yeast) of sugars to alcohol or acetic acid with the evolution of carbon dioxide
A state of agitation or excitement; a ferment.

fermium /ˈfɜːɹmiəm/ n
fermiyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Fm) with an atomic number of 100.

ferrous /ˈfɛɹəs/ adj
asin
Of or containing iron.
(chemistry) Of compounds of iron in which it has a valence or oxidation number of 2.
Of an element: iron, or in certain ways similar to iron: ferrous metals.

fertilizer /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə/ /ˈfɜːɹtəlaɪzəɹ/ n
peyîn
A natural substance that is used to make the ground more suitable for growing plants.

fervent /ˈfɜː.vənt/ /ˈfɝ.vənt/ adj
biheraret
Glowing, burning, very hot.

fervor /ˈfɝvɚ/ n
ڤیان
(American spelling) A passionate enthusiasm for some cause.

festival /ˈfɛstəv(ə)l/ /ˈfɛstɪvl̩/ n
cejn
An event or series of special events centred on the celebration or promotion of some theme or aspect of the community, often held at regular intervals.

festivity /fɛˈstɪvəti/ /fɛˈstɪvɪti/ /fɪ-/ n
şabûnî
An experience or expression of celebratory feeling, merriment, gaiety.

fetter /ˈfet.ə/ /ˈfɛt.ə/ /ˈfɛt.ɚ/ n
kostek
A chain or similar object used to bind a person or animal – often by its legs (usually in plural).
(figurative) Anything that restricts or restrains.

fetus /ˈfiːtəs/ n
fêkî
An unborn or unhatched vertebrate showing signs of the mature animal.

feudalism /ˈfju.də.lɪ.zəm/ [ˈfju.də.lɪ.zm̩] n
feodalîzm
A social system based on personal ownership of resources and personal fealty between a suzerain (lord) and a vassal (subject). Defining characteristics are direct ownership of resources, personal loyalty, and a hierarchical social structure reinforced by religion.

fever /ˈfivɚ/ /ˈfiːvə/ n
تا
A higher than normal body temperature of a person (or, generally, a mammal), usually caused by disease.

few /fjuː/ /fɪu̯/ [fjʉː] [fjʉ͡u] determiner
که‌م
(preceded by another determiner) An indefinite, but usually small, number of.

fez /fɛz/ n
fes
A felt hat in the shape of a truncated cone, having a flat top with a tassel attached.

fiancé /fiɑnˈseɪ/ /fiˈɑnseɪ/ /fiˈɑːnseɪ/ /fiˈɒnseɪ/ /fiˈɒ̃seɪ/ /ˌfiɑnˈseɪ/ n
zava
A man who is engaged to be married; the man to whom one is engaged.

fibre /ˈfaɪ.bə(ɹ)/ n
bend
(countable) A single piece of a given material, elongated and roughly round in cross-section, often twisted with other fibres to form thread.

fibreglass /ˈfaɪbəɡlɑːs/ n
fayberglas
Silica based glass extruded into fibers that possess a length at least 1000 times greater than their width.
(ellipsis) A composite material made from fine fibres of spun glass held together with resin.

ficus /ˈfaɪkəs/ n
hejîr
(botany) Any plant belonging to the genus Ficus, including the rubber plant.

fidelity /faɪˈdɛl.ɪ.ti/ /fɪˈdɛl.ɪ.ti/ n
sedaqet
Faithfulness to one's duties.

fief /fiːf/ n
malîkxane
(figurative) A territory, a domain, an area over which one exercises lordly control, particularly with regard to corporate or governmental bureaucracies.

field /fild/ /fiːld/ n
zevî
A land area free of woodland, cities, and towns; an area of open country.
A wide, open space that is used to grow crops or to hold farm animals, usually enclosed by a fence, hedge or other barrier.
(heraldry) The background of the shield.
(physics) A physical phenomenon (such as force, potential or fluid velocity) that pervades a region; a mathematical model of such a phenomenon that associates each point and time with a scalar, vector or tensor quantity.
A domain of study, knowledge or practice.
meydana şerrî
A place where a battle is fought; a battlefield.
beden
(algebra) A commutative ring satisfying the field axioms.

fiend /fiːnd/ /fɛnd/ n
acenî
A devil or demon; a malignant or diabolical being; an evil spirit.
A very evil person.

fierce /fɜː(ɹ)s/ /fɪəs/ /fɪɹs/ adj
biheraret
Resolute or strenuously active.

fiery /ˈfaɪəɹi/ /ˈfaɪɹi/ adj
agirbar
Of or relating to fire.

fiesta /fiˈɛstə/ /fɪˈɛstə/ n
cejn
A festive occasion.

fifteen /fɪfˈtiːn/ /ˈfɪf.tiːn/ numeral
panzdeh
The cardinal number occurring after fourteen (14) and before sixteen (16).

fifteenth /ˌfɪfˈtiːnθ/ adj
panzdeh
The ordinal form of the number fifteen.

fifth /fɪft/ /fɪfθ/ /fɪθ/ adj
pêncem
The ordinal form of the number five.

fifth /fɪft/ /fɪfθ/ /fɪθ/ n
pêncem
The person or thing in the fifth position.

fifty /ˈfɪfti/ numeral
pêncî
The cardinal number occurring after forty-nine and before fifty-one.

fig /fɪɡ/ n
hejîr
The fruit of the fig tree, pear-shaped and containing many small seeds. [from 12th c.]
A fruit-bearing tree or shrub of the genus Ficus that is native mainly to the tropics. [from 14th c.]

fight /faɪt/ [fʌɪt] n
ceng
An occasion of fighting.
A physical confrontation or combat between two or more people or groups.
(sports) A boxing or martial arts match.
şer
(archaic) A battle between opposing armies.

fight /faɪt/ [fʌɪt] v
شه‌ڕ کردن
(intransitive) To contend in physical conflict, either singly or in war, battle etc.
(transitive) To engage in combat with; to oppose physically, to contest with.
berî
(intransitive) To strive for something; to campaign or contend for success.

fighter /ˈfaɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈfaɪtɚ/ [ˈfaɪ̯ɾɚ] n
şerrker
A warrior; a fighting soldier.
nêçîr
A class of fixed-wing aircraft whose primary purpose is to shoot down other aircraft, sometimes accompanied by a secondary purpose of attacking ground targets.

fighter plane n
balafira nêçîrvanan
(aircraft, military) A military aircraft primarily designed to attack enemy aircraft. Frequently shortened to fighter.

figment /ˈfɪɡ.mənt/ n
derew
A fabrication, fantasy, invention; something fictitious.

figurative /ˈfɪɡəɹətɪv/ adj
mecazî
Of use as a metaphor, simile, metonym or other figure of speech, as opposed to literal; using figures; as when saying that someone who eats more than they should is a pig or like a pig.
Metaphorically so called.

figure /ˈfɪɡjɚ/ /ˈfɪɡə/ /ˈfɪɡɚ/ n
nîgar
A drawing or diagram conveying information.
The representation of any form, as by drawing, painting, modelling, carving, embroidering, etc.; especially, a representation of the human body.
hejmar
A numeral.

figure out v
ji kar avêtin
(informal) To come to understand; to discover or find a solution; to deduce.

figurehead /ˈfɪɡjəɹˌhɛd/ /ˈfɪɡəɹˌhɛd/ n
pirteqal
(by extension) Someone in a nominal position of leadership who has no actual power; a front or front man.

filament /ˈfɪləmənt/ n
bend
A fine thread or wire.

filch /fɪlt͡ʃ/ v
dizî kirin
(transitive) To illegally take possession of (something, especially items of low value); to pilfer, to steal.

file /faɪl/ [faɪ̯(ə)ɫ] v
veşartin
(transitive) To store a file (aggregation of data) on a storage medium such as a disc or another computer.
qasidandin
(intransitive, with for, chiefly, _, legal) To submit a formal request to some office.

fill /fɪl/ [fɪɫ] v
tije kirin
To add contents to (a container, cavity, or the like) so that it is full.
To enter (something), making it full.
To occupy fully, to take up all of.

filling /ˈfɪlɪŋ/ [ˈfɪɫɪŋ] adj
tetmînkar
Of food, that satisfies the appetite by filling the stomach.

filling /ˈfɪlɪŋ/ [ˈfɪɫɪŋ] n
sirb
(dentistry) Any material used to fill a cavity in a tooth or the result of using such material.

filly /ˈfɪli/ n
canîmehîn
A young female horse.

film /fɪlm/ [fɪɫm] [ˈfɪlm̩] [ˈfɪləm] n
سینه‌ما

film /fɪlm/ [fɪɫm] [ˈfɪlm̩] [ˈfɪləm] v
zivirîn
(ambitransitive) To record (activity, or a motion picture) on photographic film.

filmography n
fîlmografî
A selective list of movie titles that share a similar characteristic such as the same genre, the same director, the same actor etc.

filter /ˈfɪltə/ /ˈfɪltɚ/ n
fîlter
A device which separates a suspended, dissolved, or particulate matter from a fluid, solution, or other substance; any device that separates one substance from another.
Electronics or software that separates unwanted signals (for example noise) from wanted signals or that attenuates selected frequencies.
Any item, mechanism, device, or procedure that acts to separate or isolate.

filth /fɪlθ/ n
qirêjî
(UK, Irish, pejorative, slang) The police.

filthy /ˈfɪlθi/ adj
qilêr
Covered with filth; very dirty.

final /ˈfaɪn(ə)l/ /ˈfaɪnl̩/ [-nəɫ] adj
dawî
Last; ultimate.

final /ˈfaɪn(ə)l/ /ˈfaɪnl̩/ [-nəɫ] n
dawî
(US, Canada) A final examination; a test or examination given at the end of a term or class; the test that concludes a class.
(phonology) The final part of a syllable, the combination of medial and rime in phonetics and phonology.

finals /ˈfaɪnəlz/ n
dawî
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, sports) A contest that narrows a field of contestants (finalists) to ranked positions, usually in numbered places (1st place/prize, 2nd place/prize, etc.) or a winner and numbered runners-up (1st runner-up, etc.).

financial /faɪˈnænʃəl/ /fɪˈnænʃəl/ adj
aborî
Related to finances.

finch /fɪnt͡ʃ/ n
befrîk
Any bird of other families of similar appearance to members of family Fringillidae.

find /faɪnd/ v
dîtin
(transitive) To encounter or discover something being searched for; to locate.
(ditransitive) To decide that, to discover that, to form the opinion that.

find out v
derxistin holê
To discover or expose (someone) as disobedient, dishonest, etc.

fine /faɪn/ /fæːn/ adj
baş
(informal) Being acceptable, adequate, passable, or satisfactory.
bedew
(of weather) Sunny and not raining.

fine /faɪn/ /fæːn/ adv
baş
Expression of (typically) reluctant or agreement.

fine /faɪn/ n
seza
A fee levied as punishment for breaking the law.

fine-grained adj
bikitekit
(figurative) Highly detailed.

finger /ˈfɪŋəɹ/ /ˈfɪŋɡə/ /ˈfɪŋɡəɹ/ n
til
(anatomy) A slender jointed extremity of the human hand, (often) exclusive of the thumb.

fingerboard n
eynik
(music, lutherie) A flat or roughly flat strip on the neck of a stringed instrument, against which the strings are pressed to shorten the vibrating length and produce notes of higher pitches.

fingernail /ˈfɪŋɡɚˌneɪl/ n
نینۆک
The hard, flat translucent covering near the tip of a human finger, useful for scratching and fine manipulation.

fingerprint /ˈfɪŋɡɚˌpɹɪnt/ n
şûntil
The natural pattern of ridges on the tips of human fingers, unique to each individual.
The patterns left on surfaces where uncovered fingertips have touched, especially as used to identify the person who touched the surface.

finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ n
barik
An end; the end of anything.

finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ v
kuta bûn
(transitive) To put an end to; to destroy.

finite /ˈfaɪ.naɪt/ /ˈfɑɪ.nɑɪt/ adj
bisînor
Having an end or limit; (of a quantity) constrained by bounds; (of a set) whose number of elements is a natural number.

fire /ˈfaɪ.ə/ /ˈfaɪ.ɚ/ /ˈfaɪɹ/ [faɪ̯ə] [fʌɪ̯ɚ] [ˈfaə] [ˈfaɪ̯ɚ] [ˈfaː] [ˈfäːɚ] [ˈfɑe̯ə] [ˈfɑə] [ˈfɑəː] n
agir nar
(countable) An instance of this chemical reaction, especially when intentionally created and maintained in a specific location to a useful end (such as a campfire or a hearth fire).
(countable) The occurrence, often accidental, of fire in a certain place, causing damage and danger.
(uncountable, alchemy, philosophy) The aforementioned chemical reaction of burning, considered one of the Classical elements or basic elements of alchemy.
(uncountable) The bullets or other projectiles fired from a gun or other ranged weapon.
agir
(countable, British) A heater or stove used in place of a real fire (such as an electric fire).

firefighter /ˈfaɪ.ɚˌfaɪ.tɚ/ /ˈfaɪə(ɹ)ˌfaɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
agirkuj
A person who has been trained to put out fires.

firefly n
agirê şevê
(Northern US, Western US, Florida) Any beetle of the family Lampyridae, which exhibit bioluminescence during twilight.

firestarter n
چه‌رخ
A tool used to start a fire.

firewood /ˈfa.ə(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfaɪ.ə(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfaɪ.ɚ.wʊd/ /ˈfaː(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfɑ.ə(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfɑ.əː(ɹ).wʊd/ /ˈfɑe.ə(ɹ).wʊd/ [ˈfaɪ.ɚ.wʊd] [ˈfäː.ɚ.wʊd] n
dar
Wood intended to be burned, typically for heat.

firework /ˈfaɪɚˌwɚk/ n
agirbazî
A device using gunpowder and other chemicals which, when lit, emits a combination of coloured flames, sparks, whistles or bangs, and sometimes made to rocket high into the sky before exploding, used for entertainment or celebration.

fireworks /ˈfaɪ̯.ə.wɜːks/ /ˈfaɪ̯.ɚ.wɝks/ n
agirbazî
(plural only) An event or a display where fireworks are set off.

firm /fɜɹm/ /fɜːm/ [fɝm] n
şirket
(UK, business) A business partnership; the name under which it trades.
fîrma
(business, economics) A business enterprise, however organized.

first /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ /fɪrst/ /fʌrst/ adj
yekem
Of or belonging to a first family.

first leg n
çûn

first mate n
diduyan
(nautical) An officer on a merchant ship next in rank to the captain and responsible to the captain for the safety and security of the ship.

firstly /ˈfɜɹstli/ adv
[[یه‌که‌م]]
(formal) In the first place; before anything else; first.

fish /fɘʃ/ /fɪʃ/ n
masî
(archaic, or, loosely) Any animal (or any vertebrate) that lives exclusively in water.
(uncountable) The flesh of the fish used as food.

fish bowl n
masîdank
A variety of discussions where participants are organized in concentric circles and take turns where they and others in the same group are allowed to speak according to a set of rules. [a. 1970]

fishbone n
strî
A bone from a fish.

fishery /ˈfɪʃəɹi/ n
masîgirî
(uncountable) Fishing: the catching, processing and marketing of fish or other seafood.

fishhook /ˈfɪʃˌhʊk/ n
şewk
A barbed hook, usually metal, used for fishing.

fishing /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ n
masîgirî
(uncountable, informal) The act of catching other forms of seafood, separately or together with fish.
xox
(uncountable) Commercial fishing: the business or industry of catching fish and other seafood for sale.

fishing net n
tora masiyan
A net used for fishing.

fishpond n
birka
A freshwater pond stocked with fish; especially one formerly attached to a monastery etc as a source of food

fishy /ˈfɪʃi/ adj
masî
Of, from, or similar to fish.

fisticuffs /ˈfɪs.tɪ.kʌfs/ n
ceng
(plurale tantum, informal) An impromptu fight with the fists, usually between only two people.

fistula /ˈfɪs.tjə.lə/ /ˈfɪs.tʃʊ.lə/ /ˈfɪs.t͡ʃu.lə/ n
kînora bêserî
(medicine) An abnormal connection or passageway between organs or vessels that normally do not connect.

fit /fɪt/ n
arîşe
(medicine) A sudden and vigorous appearance of a symptom over a short period of time.
A sudden outburst of emotion.

fit /fɪt/ v
çûn
(transitive) To conform to in size and shape.
(transitive, with to) To make conform in size and shape.

five /faɪv/ /fäːv/ n
pênc
The digit/figure 5.

five /faɪv/ /fäːv/ numeral
pênc
A numerical value equal to 5; the number following four and preceding six.

fix /ˈfɪks/ v
çê kirin
(intransitive) To become firm, so as to resist volatilization; to cease to flow or be fluid; to congeal; to become hard and malleable, as a metallic substance.

fix up v
çê kirin
(transitive) To repair or refurbish.

flag /fleɪɡ/ /flæɡ/ [fɫæɡ] n
ala
(internet slang, ACG) A plot or words of a character in an animation, etc., that would usually lead to a specific outcome or event, not logically or causally, but as a pattern of the animation, etc.

flagstone /ˈflæɡ.stəʊn/ n
depreş
A flat, rectangular piece of rock or stone used for paving or roofing.

flair /flɛə̯/ /flɛɚ̯/ n
diyarî
A natural or innate talent or aptitude.

flake /fleɪk/ v
پاک کردن
(colloquial) To prove unreliable or impractical; to abandon or desert, to fail to follow through.

flamboyant /flamˈbɔɪ.ənt/ /flæmˈbɔɪ.(j)ənt/ adj
bihişmet
Showy, bold or audacious in behaviour, appearance, style, etc.; ostentatious.

flame /fleɪm/ n
بڵێسه‌
The visible part of fire; a stream of burning vapour or gas, emitting light and heat.
ڤیان
A romantic partner or lover in a usually short-lived but passionate affair.

flamethrower /ˈfleɪmˌθɹoʊ.ɚ/ /ˈfleɪmˌθɹəʊ.ə/ n
agiravêj
A device that projects a flame for starting fires, and sometimes also additional fuel to help ignition. Used either as a weapon or a tool.

flamingo /fləˈmɪŋɡoʊ/ n
xuwar
A wading bird of the family Phoenicopteridae.

flannel /ˈflænəl/ n
فانیله
(uncountable) A soft cloth material originally woven from wool, today often combined with cotton or synthetic fibers.

flash /flæʃ/ n
birq
A sudden, short, temporary burst of light.

flash in the pan n
stêrerij
A transient occurrence with no long-term effect.

flat /flæt/ adj
hilû
Having no variations in height.

flat /flæt/ adv
baterî
(with units of time, distance, etc) Used to emphasize the smallness of the measurement.

flatus /ˈfleɪtəs/ /ˈflætəs/ n
fis
(uncountable) Gas generated in the digestive tract.
(countable) Expulsion of such gas through the anus.

flautist /ˈflɔːtɪst/ n
bilûrvan
One who plays the flute.

flavor /ˈfleɪvə/ /ˈfleɪvɚ/ n
çêj
The quality produced by the sensation of taste or, especially, of taste and smell in combined effect.

flawed adj
عه‌یبدار
Having a flaw or imperfection.

flax /flæks/ /flɛks/ n
loke
The flax bush, a plant of the genus Phormium, native to New Zealand, with strap-like leaves up to 3 metres long that grow in clumps.

flea /fliː/ n
kêç
A small, wingless, parasitic insect of the order Siphonaptera, renowned for its bloodsucking habits and jumping abilities.

fleck /flɛk/ n
niqte
A small spot or streak; a speckle.

fledgling /ˈflɛd͡ʒ.lɪŋ/ adj
kesk
Untried or inexperienced.

fledgling /ˈflɛd͡ʒ.lɪŋ/ n
kesk
(figuratively) An immature, naïve or inexperienced person.

flee /fliː/ v
revîn
(intransitive) To run away; to escape.
(transitive) To escape from.

fleece /fliːs/ n
hirî
(uncountable) Hair or wool of a sheep or similar animal
kevn
(uncountable) Insulating skin with the wool attached

flerovium /flɪˈɹoʊviəm/ n
ûnunquadyûm
The chemical element with atomic number 114.

flesh /flɛʃ/ n
goşt
The soft tissue of the body, especially muscle and fat.
Animal tissue regarded as food; meat (but sometimes excluding fish).
The soft, often edible, parts of fruits or vegetables.
beden
The human body as a physical entity.

flexible /ˈflɛk.sə.bəl/ /ˈflɛk.sɪ.bəl/ adj
qaîşokî
Capable of being flexed or bent without breaking; able to be turned or twisted without breaking.
Willing or prone to give way to the influence of others; not invincibly rigid or obstinate.
Capable of adapting or changing to suit new or modified conditions or situations.
Capable or being adapted or molded in some way.

flight /flaɪt/ n
firr
The act of flying.

fling /ˈflɪŋ/ n
macera
A short romantic, oftentimes sexual, relationship.

fling /ˈflɪŋ/ v
avêtin
(transitive) To throw with violence or quick movement; to hurl.

flint /flɪnt/ n
kevir
A small cylinder of some other material of the same function in a cigarette lighter, etc.

flippant /ˈflɪ.pənt/ adj
siwar
Showing disrespect through a casual attitude, levity, and a lack of due seriousness; pert.

flirt /flɜːt/ /flɝt/ v
nivîsîn
(intransitive) To play at courtship; to talk with teasing affection, to insinuate sexual attraction in a playful (especially conversational) way. [from 18th c.]

flock /flɑk/ /flɒk/ n
grûb
A number of birds together in a group, such as those gathered together for the purpose of migration.
kerî
A large number of animals associated together in a group; commonly used of sheep, but (dated) also used for goats, farmed animals, and a wide variety of animals.

flood /flʌd/ n
lehî
An overflow (usually disastrous) of water from a lake or other body of water due to excessive rainfall or other input of water.

floor /flo(ː)ɹ/ /floə/ /floʊ/ /flɔɹ/ /flɔː/ [flo̞ɹ] n
qat
(construction, architecture) A structure formed of beams, girders, etc, with proper covering, which divides a building horizontally into storeys/stories.

flop /flɑp/ /flɒp/ /flɔp/ n
firrne
A complete failure, especially in the entertainment industry.

floral /ˈfloɹəl/ /ˈflɔːɹəl/ adj
gul
Of, pertaining to, or connected with flowers.
Portraying flowers, especially in a stylized way.

floret /fləˈɹɛt/ n
gul
A small flower, especially one of a cluster in a composite flower.

florist /ˈfloɹɪst/ /ˈflɑɹɪst/ /ˈflɒɹɪst/ n
kulîlkfiroş
A person who sells flowers.

florist's n
kulîlkfiroş
A shop that sells flowers, a flower shop.

floss /flɑs/ /flɒs/ /flɔs/ n
mû
The fibres covering a corncob etc.; the loose downy or silky material inside the husks of certain plants, such as beans.
pirça kiçka
(British) Spun sugar or cotton candy, especially in the phrase "candy floss".

flour /flaː(r)/ /flɑɹ/ /flɑː/ /ˈflaʊ̯.ə/ /ˈflaʊ̯.ɚ/ n
ard
Powder obtained by grinding or milling cereal grains, especially wheat, or other foodstuffs such as soybeans and potatoes, and used to bake bread, cakes, and pastry.

flower /flaː(r)/ /flɐ.wə(r)/ /flɐ.ʋə(r)/ /ˈflaʊ.ə/ /ˈflaʊ.ɚ/ n
gul
(botany) A reproductive structure in angiosperms (flowering plants), often conspicuously colourful and typically including sepals, petals, and either or both stamens and/or a pistil.

flowery /ˈflaʊəɹi/ adj
gulgulî
Decorated with or abundant in flowers.

flu /fluː/ /flʉː/ n
arsim
Influenza.
(informal) Stomach flu.

fluent /flɪu̯ənt/ /ˈfljuːɛnt/ /ˈfluənt/ /ˈfluːənt/ adj
herikoyî
(linguistics) Able to use a language accurately, rapidly, and confidently – in a flowing way.

fluid /ˈfljuːɪd/ /ˈfluːɪd/ /ˈflɪu̯ɪd/ adj
şileme
(not comparable) Of or relating to fluid.
In a state of flux; subject to change.
Moving smoothly, or giving the impression of a liquid in motion.
ronatî
(of an asset) Convertible into cash.

fluid /ˈfljuːɪd/ /ˈfluːɪd/ /ˈflɪu̯ɪd/ n
şileme
Any substance which can flow with relative ease, tends to assume the shape of its container, and obeys Bernoulli's principle; a liquid, gas or plasma.
A liquid (as opposed to a solid or gas).

fluorine /ˈfloɹˌin, -ɪn/ /ˈflʊ(ə)ɹˌin, -ɪn/ n
fluor
(chemistry, countable) A single atom of this element.

flush /ˈflʌʃ/ n
reng
(poker) A hand consisting of all cards with the same suit.

flush /ˈflʌʃ/ v
hilatin
(transitive) To cause to take flight from concealment.

flush toilet n
destavxane
A toilet that uses water to flush urine and feces through a pipe to another location, typically a sewer main in urban settings or a septic tank elsewhere.

flute /fluːt/ n
bilûr
(colloquial) A recorder, also a woodwind instrument.

fly /flaɪ/ n
mêş
(non-technical) Especially, any of the insects of the family Muscidae, such as the common housefly (other families of Diptera include mosquitoes and midges).
(fishing) A lightweight fishing lure resembling an insect.

fly ball n
mom
(baseball, softball) A batted ball that has been hit into the air above the outfield; a fly.

fly by the seat of one's pants v
seyirîn
(idiomatic) To pilot an aircraft without the aid of instruments and without a flight plan, using only instinct, visual observation, and practical judgment.

fly in the ointment /ˈflaɪ ən ði ˈɔɪn(t)m(ə)nt/ /ˈflaɪ ɪn ði ˈɔɪntm(ə)nt/ n
hestî
(idiomatic) Something (especially a minor thing) which ruins or spoils everything else, or makes it less pleasant; a nuisance or problem; a disagreeable or unpleasant detail.

flyer /ˈflaɪə(ɹ)/ n
balafirvan
(dated) An airplane pilot.

foal /foʊl/ /fɐʉl/ /fəʊl/ [foɫ] [fɔʊɫ] n
canî
A young horse or other equine, especially just after birth or less than a year old.

foam /foʊm/ /fəʊm/ n
kef
A substance composed of a large collection of bubbles or their solidified remains, especially:

focus /ˈfoʊ.kəs/ /ˈfəʊ.kəs/ n
agir
(linguistics) The most important word or phrase in a sentence or passage, or the one that imparts information.
An object used in casting a magic spell.

fog /fɑɡ/ /fɒɡ/ /fɔɡ/ n
mij
(uncountable) A thick cloud that forms near the ground; the obscurity of such a cloud.

foil /fɔɪl/ n
rûpel
A very thin sheet of metal.

fold /faʉld/ /foʊld/ /ˈfəʊld/ [fɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈfɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈfɔʊ(ɫ)d] n
hevşîk
A pen or enclosure for sheep or other domestic animals.

fold /faʉld/ /foʊld/ /ˈfəʊld/ [fɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈfɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈfɔʊ(ɫ)d] v
çemandin
(transitive) To bend (any thin material, such as paper) over so that it comes in contact with itself.

folder /ˈfoʊɫdɚ/ /ˈfəʊldə/ n
peldank
(computing) A virtual container in a computer's file system, in which files and other folders may be stored. The files and subfolders in a folder are usually related.

foliage /ˈfoʊliɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈfəʊliɪdʒ/ n
belg
The leaves of plants.

foliate /ˈfəʊlieɪt/ /ˈfəʊliət/ v
pel girtin
To form into leaves.

folk /foʊk/ /foʊlk/ /fəʊk/ n
gel
(countable, archaic) A people; a tribe or nation; the inhabitants of a region, especially the native inhabitants.

folklore /ˈfoʊk.lɔːɹ/ /ˈfəʊk.lɔː/ n
folklor
The tales, legends, superstitions, and traditions of a particular ethnic population.

font /fɑnt/ /fɒnt/ n
polîs
In digital typesetting, a set of glyphs in a single style, representing one or more alphabets or writing systems, or the computer code representing it.
kanî
(computing, typography) A computer file containing the code used to draw and compose the glyphs of one or more typographic fonts on a computer display or printer.

food /fud/ /fuːd/ /fʏːd/ n
xwarin
(uncountable) Any solid substance that can be consumed by living organisms, especially by eating, in order to sustain life.

foodstuff /ˈfuːdˌstʌf/ n
xwarin
A material that may be used as food.

fool /fuːl/ /fʉl/ /fʊu(l)/ n
fîş
(pejorative) A person with poor judgment or little intelligence.
dîn
(tarot, often, capitalized, _, Fool) A particular card in a tarot deck, representing a jester.

foolish /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/ adj
ehmeq
(of a person, an action, etc.) Lacking good sense or judgement; unwise.

foot /fʊt/ [fɤt] [fɤ̈t̚] [fɯ̽t̚] [fɵʔt] [fʉt] [fʉ̞ʔt] [fʊt] [fʊtʰ] [fʊt̚] [fʷʊt̚] n
pê
A biological structure found in many animals that is used for locomotion and that is frequently a separate organ at the terminal part of the leg.
ling nig
The base or bottom of anything.
A short foot-like projection on the bottom of an object to support it.
pê pî
(informal) Ellipsis of cubic foot. A unit of volume.
(informal) Ellipsis of square foot. A unit of area.
A unit of measure equal to twelve inches or one third of a yard, equal to exactly 30.48 centimetres.
(music) A unit of measure for organ pipes equal to the wavelength of two octaves above middle C, approximately 328 mm.
(printing) The base of a piece of type, forming the sides of the groove.
(phonology) The parsing of syllables into prosodic constituents, which are used to determine the placement of stress in languages along with the notions of constituent heads.

football /fʉtbɔl/ /ˈfʊtboːl/ /ˈfʊtbɑl/ /ˈfʊtbɔl/ /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ [ˈfʊʔbɔːl] [ˈfʊʔtbɔɫ] [ˈfʊʔtʰbɔːl] [ˈfʊʔt̚bɔɫ] [ˈfʊʔt̚bɔːl] [ˈfʷʊʔt̚bɑɫ] n
futbol
(UK, Africa, Caribbean, South Asia, uncountable) Association football, also called soccer: a game in which two teams each contend to get a round ball into the other team's goal primarily by kicking the ball.
(countable) The ball used in any game called "football".

footballer /ˈfʊtbɔːlə/ /ˈfʊtbɔːləɹ/ n
futboler
(soccer, UK) One who plays association football.

footing /ˈfʊtɪŋ/ n
gav
(dated) A tread; step; especially, a measured tread.

footstep /ˈfʊtstɛp/ n
gav
The distance between one foot and the next when walking; a pace.

footwear /ˈfʊtwɛə(ɹ)/ n
pêlav
Items or an item of clothing that is worn on the foot; a shoe, sandal, etc.

for /foː(ɹ)/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː(ɹ)/ /fɘ(ɹ)/ /fə(ɹ)/ /fə/ /fɚ/ conjunction
ji ber ku
(formal, literary) Because.

for /foː(ɹ)/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː(ɹ)/ /fɘ(ɹ)/ /fə(ɹ)/ /fə/ /fɚ/ preposition
berî
Directed at; intended to belong to.
Supporting, in favour of.
ji
Over (a period of time).

for example
wekî mînak
(conjunctive) As an example.

for free
bedewa
Without paying; free.

for one thing
a rastî
(sequence) Used to introduce the first item in a possible sequence

for real adj
bera
(informal) Genuine, true; serious, earnest.

for sale
ê firotanê
Being offered for purchase.

for want of preposition
bi kêmasiya

forbearance /foːˈbeə.ɹən(t)s/ /foːˈbiəɹɘn(t)s/ /fɔɹˈbɛɹ.ən(t)s/ /fɔːˈbɛː.ɹən(t)s/ n
ئارام
Patient self-control; restraint and tolerance under provocation.

force /fo(ː)ɹs/ /foəs/ /fɔɹs/ /fɔːs/ [fo̞ɹs] n
hêz
(countable) Anything that is able to make a substantial change in a person or thing.
(countable, physics) A physical quantity that denotes ability to push, pull, twist or accelerate a body and which has a direction and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance/time² (ML/T²): SI: newton (N); CGS: dyne (dyn)
karîn
(uncountable) The ability to attack, control, or constrain.

forcefulness /ˈfɔː(ɹ)sfəlnəs/ n
هێز
The characteristic or quality of being forceful

fore /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ adj
berî
(obsolete) Former; occurring earlier (in some order); previous. [15th–18th c.]

fore /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ n
poz
The front; the forward part of something; the foreground.

forebear /ˈfɔɹˌbɛɚ/ /ˈfɔːˌbɛə/ n
bavkal
An ancestor.

foreboding n
dilbêjî
A sense of evil to come.

forefather /ˈfɔɹˌfɑːðɚ/ /ˈfɔːˌfɑːðə/ n
bavkal
Ancestor

forehead /ˈfɑɹɪd/ /ˈfɒɹɛd/ /ˈfɒɹɪd/ /ˈfɔɹɛd/ /ˈfɔɹɪd/ /ˈfɔɹˌhɛd/ /ˈfɔː(ɹ)hɛd/ /ˈfɔːɹɛd/ n
enî
(countable) The part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline.

foreign /ˈfɑɹɪn/ /ˈfɒɹən/ /ˈfɒɹɪn/ /ˈfɔɹən/ /ˈfɔɹɪn/ adj
بێگانه‌
Located outside a country or place, especially one's own.
Originating from, characteristic of, belonging to, or being a citizen of a country or place other than the one under discussion.
Relating to a different nation.
ecêb
Not characteristic of or naturally taken in by an organism or system.

foreigner /ˈfɑɹ.ɪ.nɚ/ /ˈfɒɹ.ɪ.nə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɔɹ.ɪ.nɚ/ n
بێگانه‌
A person from a foreign country.

foreknow /ˌfɔɹˈnoʊ/ /ˌfɔːˈnəʊ/ v
zanîn
To have knowledge of beforehand.

foreman /ˈfɔː(ɹ)mən/ n
honas
(management) The leader of a work crew.

foremost /ˈfɔː.məʊst/ adj
yekem

forename /ˈfɔɹneɪm/ /ˈfɔːneɪm/ v
nav
To assign (someone) a first name.

forenoon /ˈfo(ː)ɹnuːn/ /ˈfoənuːn/ /ˈfɔɹnun/ /ˈfɔːnuːn/ n
serê sibê
the part of the day between sunrise and noon.

forest /fɔɹst/ /ˈfɑɹəst/ /ˈfɑɹɪst/ /ˈfɒɹɪst/ /ˈfɔɹəst/ n
daristan
A dense uncultivated tract of trees and undergrowth, larger than woods.
Any dense collection or amount.

foreteller n
medyûm
Someone who foretells.

forethought /fɔː(ɹ)ˈθɔːt/ /ˈfɔː(ɹ)θɔːt/ n
yedek
Thinking beforehand or in advance, planning; prior or previous consideration; premeditation.

forever /fəˈɹɛvə(ɹ)/ /fəˈɹɛvɚ/ [fɔɹˈɛvɚ] [fəˈɹɛvɚ] [fɚˈɛvɚ] adv
daîme
(duration) For all time, for all eternity; for a lifetime; for an infinite amount of time.

forever /fəˈɹɛvə(ɹ)/ /fəˈɹɛvɚ/ [fɔɹˈɛvɚ] [fəˈɹɛvɚ] [fɚˈɛvɚ] n
daîme

forged /fɔːd͡ʒd/ /fɔːɹdʒd/ adj
zir
Fake (as documents); falsified.

forget /fɔɹˈɡɛt/ /fɔːˈɡɛt/ /fəˈɡɛt/ /fɚˈɡɛt/ v
ji bîr kirin
(transitive) To lose remembrance of.
(transitive) To unintentionally not do, neglect.
(transitive) To unintentionally leave something behind.

forget it v
na
A conventional reply to an expression of gratitude.

forgive /fɔː(ɹ)ˈɡɪv/ /fə(ɹ)ˈɡɪv/ /fɚˈɡɪv/ v
bexşandin
(transitive) To pardon (someone); to waive any negative feeling towards or desire for punishment or retribution against.
(transitive) To pardon for (something); to waive any negative feeling over or retribution for.

forgiveness /fəˈɡɪvnəs/ /fɚˈɡɪvnəs/ n
efû
The action of forgiving.

forint /ˈfɒ.ɹɪnt/ /ˈfɔ.ɹɪnt/ n
forint
The basic unit of currency of Hungary; formerly subdivided into 100 fillér.

fork /foɹk/ /fɔ(ː)ɹk/ /fɔːk/ [fo̞ɹk] n
çetel
Such a pronged tool having a long straight handle, generally for two-handed use, as used for digging, lifting, mucking, pitching, etc.

forkful n
چه‌تاڵ
The amount that a fork will hold.

form /fo(ː)ɹm/ /fɔɹm/ /fɔːm/ [fo̞ɹm] v
pêk anîn
(transitive) To give (a shape or visible structure) to a thing or person.
(transitive, linguistics) To create (a word) by inflection or derivation.
(transitive) To constitute, to compose, to make up.

former /ˈfɔɹmɚ/ /ˈfɔːmə/ adj
dêrîn
Previous.
ewil
First of aforementioned two items. Used with the, often without a noun.

formerly /ˈfɔɹmɚli/ /ˈfɔːməli/ /ˈfɔːmərli/ adv
berê
at some time in the past

formidable /fɔːɹˈmɪdəbəl/ /fɔːˈmɪdəbəl/ /fəˈmɪdəbəl/ /ˈfɔːɹmɪdəbəl/ adj
talûke
Difficult to defeat or overcome.

formula /ˈfɔɹ.mjə.lə/ /ˈfɔː.mjʊ.lə/ n
formûl
(mathematics) Any mathematical rule expressed symbolically.
(chemistry) A symbolic expression of the structure of a compound.
A plan or method for dealing with a problem or for achieving a result.
A formulation; a prescription; a mixture or solution made in a prescribed manner; the identity and quantities of ingredients of such a mixture.

formulate /ˈfɔː(ɹ)mjʊleɪt/ v
formûle kirin
(transitive) To put into a clear and definite form of statement or expression.

forsake /fɔɹˈseɪk/ /fɔːˈseɪk/ /fə-/ v
berdan
(transitive) To abandon, to give up, to leave (permanently), to renounce (someone or something).

fort /fo(ː)ɹt/ /foət/ /fɔɹt/ /fɔːt/ n
هێز
A fortified defensive structure stationed with troops.

fortieth /ˈfɔɹ.ti.əθ/ /ˈfɔː.ti.əθ/ adj
çilan
The ordinal form of the number forty.

fortieth /ˈfɔɹ.ti.əθ/ /ˈfɔː.ti.əθ/ n
çilan
The person or thing in the fortieth position.
One of forty equal parts of a whole.

fortitude /ˈfɔːtɪtjuːd/ n
هێز
Mental or emotional strength that enables courage in the face of adversity.

fortress /ˈfoɹ.tɹəs/ /ˈfoɹ.tɹɪs/ /ˈfɔ(ː)ɹ.tɹəs/ /ˈfɔː.tɹəs/ n
birc
A fortified place; a large and permanent fortification, sometimes including a town; for example a fort, a castle; a stronghold; a place of defense or security.

fortune /-t͡ʃən/ /ˈfoɹt͡ʃun/ /ˈfɔːt͡ʃuːn/ n
nesîb
Destiny, especially favorable.

forty /ˈfɔɹti/ /ˈfɔːtiː/ [ˈfɑɹɾij] [ˈfɔɹɾi] numeral
çil
The cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine and before forty-one.

forward /foːd/ /ˈfoʊwəɹd/ /ˈfoːwəd/ /ˈfɔɹwəɹd/ /ˈfɔɹəɹd/ /ˈfɔːwəd/ adj
siwar
Without customary restraint or modesty; bold, cheeky, pert, presumptuous or pushy.

forward /foːd/ /ˈfoʊwəɹd/ /ˈfoːwəd/ /ˈfɔɹwəɹd/ /ˈfɔɹəɹd/ /ˈfɔːwəd/ n
poz
(nautical) The front part of a vessel.

foster /ˈfɑstɚ/ /ˈfɒstə/ /ˈfɔstɚ/ v
گه‌وره‌بوون
(transitive) To promote the development of something; to cultivate and grow a thing.

found /faʊnd/ v
hîm danîn
To begin building.

foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/ [faʊ̯nˈdeɪ̯ʃn̩] n
weqf
That which is founded, or established by endowment; an endowed institution or charity.

fount /faʊnt/ n
enextar
Something from which water flows.

fountain /ˈfaʊn.tn̩/ [ˈfaʊn.ʔn̩] n
kanî
An artificial, usually ornamental, water feature (usually in a garden or public place) consisting of one or more streams of water originating from a statue or other structure.

four /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /foʊ/ /foː/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ n
çar
(countable) The digit or figure 4; an occurrence thereof.

four /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /foʊ/ /foː/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ numeral
çar
A numerical value equal to 4; the number after three and before five; two plus two. This many dots (••••)

four of a kind n
çarçik
(card games) Four cards of the same rank.

four-leaf clover /ˈfɔɹˈliːfˈkloʊ.vɚ/ n
nefela çarpel
An uncommon variation of the clover, having four leaves instead of the usual three.

fourscore /ˈfɔɹskɔɹ/ /ˈfɔːskɔː/ numeral
heştê
(now, _, archaic) Eighty.
(idiomatic) A full-length life, reckoned as eighty years.

fourteen /ˈfɔɹ.tin/ /ˈfɔː.tiːn/ /ˌfɔɹtˈtin/ /ˌfɔːˈtiːn/ numeral
çardeh
The cardinal number occurring after thirteen and before fifteen, represented in Roman numerals as XIV and in Arabic numerals as 14.

fourteenth /ˌfɔɹˈtiːnθ/ /ˌfɔːˈtiːnθ/ adj
çardehem
The ordinal form of the number fourteen.

fourth /fo(ː)ɹθ/ /foəθ/ /fɔɹθ/ /fɔːθ/ adj
çarem
The ordinal form of the number four.

fourth /fo(ː)ɹθ/ /foəθ/ /fɔɹθ/ /fɔːθ/ n
çarem
(in the singular) The person or thing in the fourth position.

fox /fɑks/ /fɒks/ n
rûvî rovî
A red fox, small carnivore (Vulpes vulpes), related to dogs and wolves, with red or silver fur and a bushy tail.
rovî
(slang, metaphor) A cunning person.

foxtail n
simbil
A dry spikelet or spikelet seed and flower cluster of some grasses

fracas /fɹəˈkɑː/ /ˈfɹækaː/ /ˈfɹækɑː/ /ˈfɹækəs/ n
ceng
A noisy disorderly quarrel, fight, brawl, disturbance or scrap.

fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/ n
fraksiyon
A part of a whole, especially a comparatively small part.

frag /fɹæɡ/ v
kuştin
(transitive, military, and, video games, slang) To hit with the explosion of a fragmentation grenade.

fragment /fɹæɡˈmɛnt/ /ˈfɹæɡmənt/ /ˈfɹæɡmɛnt/ n
beş
A part broken off; a small, detached portion; an imperfect part, either physically or not
(computing) An incomplete portion of code.

frail /fɹeɪl/ adj
zeîfî
Liable to fall from virtue or be led into sin; not strong against temptation; weak in resolution; unchaste.

frame /fɹeɪm/ n
skelet
A human body or the structure thereof; the size, shape, sturdiness etc. of a person's body as described in a certain way; one's build.
pêkhate
(bowling) A set of balls whose results are added together for scoring purposes. Usually two balls, but only one ball in the case of a strike, and three balls in the case of a strike or a spare in the last frame of a game.

framework /ˈfɹeɪm.wɜːk/ /ˈfɹeɪm.wɝk/ /ˈfɹæɪm.wɜːk/ n
kakût
(literally) A support structure comprising joined parts or conglomerated particles and intervening open spaces of similar or larger size.
mehdekirî
(literally) The arrangement of support beams that represent a building's general shape and size.
rixtim
(figuratively) A basic conceptual structure.

francium /ˈfɹansɪəm/ /ˈfɹænsi.əm/ /ˈfɹɑːnsɪəm/ n
fransiyûm
The chemical element (symbol Fr) with an atomic number of 87. It is an intensely radioactive alkali metal that is not found in nature.

frank /fɹeɪŋk/ /fɹæŋk/ adj
vekirî
honest, especially in a manner that seems slightly blunt; candid; not reserved or disguised.

fraternity /fɹəˈtɜː(ɹ)nəti/ n
dawet û dîlan
A group of people associated for a common purpose.

fraught /fɹɑt/ /fɹɔt/ /fɹɔːt/ adj
mişt
Followed by with: carrying, or charged or loaded up with (usually something negative); accompanied by; entailing.

fray /fɹeɪ/ n
ceng
(countable) A noisy commotion, especially resulting from fighting; a brawl, a fight; also, a loud quarrel.

free /fɹiː/ [fɹɪi̯] adj
azad
(software) With no or only freedom-preserving limitations on distribution or modification.
Not imprisoned or enslaved.

free of charge adj
bedewa
Not requiring any payment.

free period n
kun
A school period in which a student has free time, i.e., is not enrolled in a class.

freedom /ˈfɹidəm/ /ˈfɹiːdəm/ n
azadî
(uncountable) The state of being free, of not being imprisoned or enslaved.
(countable) The lack of a specific constraint, or of constraints in general; a state of being free, unconstrained.

freeze /ˈfɹiːz/ v
bestin
(intransitive, copulative) Especially of a liquid, to become solid due to low temperature.
(transitive) To lower something's temperature to the point that it freezes or becomes hard.
(figuratively) To lose or cause to lose warmth of feeling; to shut out; to ostracize.

french /fɹɛnt͡ʃ/ [fɹ̠ɛn̠t͡ʃ] v
birrîn
(transitive) To prepare food by cutting it into strips.

frequency /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/ n
frekans
(uncountable, or, countable) The rate of occurrence of anything; the relationship between incidence and time period.
(uncountable) The property of occurring often rather than infrequently.
(countable) The quotient of the number of times n a periodic phenomenon occurs over the time t in which it occurs: f = n / t.

frequent /ˈfɹiː.kwənt/ adj
gur û şên
Done or occurring often; common.

fresh /fɹɛʃ/ adj
nwê
Newly produced or obtained; recent.
(of food) Not dried, frozen, or spoiled.
Rested; not tired or fatigued.
In a raw or untried state; uncultured; unpracticed.
şîrîn
(of water) Without salt; not saline.

fresh water n
ava şîrîn
Water with a very low content of dissolved salt, as opposed to brackish water or salt water.

freshman /ˈfɹɛʃmən/ n
şîn
(US, Canada, Philippines) a person (of either sex) entering the first year of an institution, especially a high school (ninth grade for US, grade 9 for Canada, grade 7 for Philippines), a university, or legislative body

freshness /ˈfɹɛʃnəs/ n
tazetî
The state or quality of being fresh.

freshwater /ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/ adj
deryaçe
(nautical) Unskilled as a seaman.

fret /fɹɛt/ v
xwarin
(ambitransitive) To gnaw; to consume, to eat away.

friar /ˈfɹaɪə/ /ˈfɹaɪɚ/ n
abon
A member of a mendicant Christian order such as the Augustinians, Carmelites (white friars), Franciscans (grey friars) or the Dominicans (black friars).

friction /ˈfɹɪkʃən̩/ n
lêkxişandin
The rubbing of one object or surface against another.
(physics) A force that resists the relative motion or tendency to such motion of two bodies in contact.

friend /frɪnd/ /fɹɛnd/ [fɹ̥ɛnd̥] n
heval dost
A person, typically someone other than a family member, spouse or lover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feels affection.

friendly /ˈfɹɛn.li/ /ˈfɹɛnd.li/ adj
agirxweş
Generally warm, approachable and easy to relate with in character.
Inviting, characteristic of friendliness.
birader
(usually, military) Of or pertaining to friendlies (friendly noun sense 2, below). Also applied to other bipolar confrontations, such as team sports.

friendly /ˈfɹɛn.li/ /ˈfɹɛnd.li/ adv
bi hevalkî
In a friendly manner; like a friend.

friendly /ˈfɹɛn.li/ /ˈfɹɛnd.li/ n
birader
A person or entity on the same side as one's own in a conflict.

friendship /ˈfɹɛn(d)ʃɪp/ n
[[دۆستایه‌تی]]
(uncountable) The condition of being friends.

frieze /ˈfɹiːz/ n
فریسی
A kind of coarse woollen cloth or stuff with a shaggy or tufted (friezed) nap on one side.

fright /fɹaɪt/ /fɹʌit/ n
tirs
A state of terror excited by the sudden appearance of danger; sudden and violent fear, usually of short duration; a sudden alarm.

frighten /ˈfɹaɪ.tən/ [ˈfɹ̥aɪtn̩] [ˈfɹ̥aɪʔn̩] v
bizdandin
(transitive) To cause to feel fear; to scare; to cause to feel alarm or fright.

frigid /ˈfɹɪd͡ʒɪd/ adj
sar
(colloquial) Sexually unresponsive, especially of a woman.

fringe /fɹɪnd͡ʒ/ n
radîkal
(also, attributive) Those members of a political party, or any social group, holding extremist or unorthodox views.
dik
Non-mainstream theatre.

frivolous /ˈfɹɪv.əl.əs/ adj
fîş
Silly, especially at an inappropriate time or in an inappropriate manner; lacking a good reason for being, or for doing what one does; due to or moved by a whim or caprice.
vala
Of little weight or importance; not worth notice; slight; trivial.

frog /fɹɑɡ/ /fɹɒɡ/ /fɹɔɡ/ n
beq
Any of a class of small tailless amphibians of the order Anura that typically hop.

from now on adv
bermayî
Starting from this moment and continuing indefinitely.

front /fɹʌnt/ n
rû
The foremost side of something or the end that faces the direction it normally moves.

frosh /fɹɑʃ/ /fɹɒʃ/ /fɹɔʃ/ n
şîn
(colloquial) A first-year student, at certain universities, and a first-or-second-year student at other universities.

frost /fɹɑst/ /fɹɒst/ /fɹɔst/ n
xûsik
A cover of minute ice crystals on objects that are exposed to the air. Frost is formed by the same process as dew, except that the temperature of the frosted object is below freezing.

frosty /ˈfɹɑs-/ /ˈfɹɒsti/ /ˈfɹɔsti/ adj
bestenî
Cold, chilly; icy.

froth /fɹɑθ/ /fɹɒθ/ /fɹɔθ/ n
kef
Foam.

froward /ˈfɹoʊ.ɚd/ /ˈfɹəʊ.(w)əd/ adj
eynat
(archaic, literary) Disobedient, contrary, unmanageable; difficult to deal with; with an evil disposition.

frozen /ˈfɹoʊzən/ /ˈfɹəʊzən/ adj
zenûn
Having undergone the process of freezing; in ice form.

fructose /ˈfɹuk.toʊs/ /ˈfɹʊk.toʊs/ /ˈfɹʊk.təʊz/ /ˈfɹʌk.toʊs/ /ˈfɹʌk.təʊz/ n
fruktoz
(carbohydrate) A monosaccharide ketose sugar, formula C6H12O6.

fruit /fɹut/ /fɹuːt/ /fɹʉt/ n
fêkî mêwe
The seed-bearing part of a plant; often edible, colourful, fragrant, and sweet or sour; produced from a floral ovary after fertilization.
(botany) A product of fertilization in a plant, specifically:
The spores of cryptogams and their accessory organs.
A sweet or sweetish vegetable, such as the petioles of rhubarb, that resembles a true fruit or is used in cookery as if it was a fruit.
Any sweet or sour, edible part of a plant that resembles seed-bearing fruit (see former sense) even if it does not develop from a floral ovary.
An end result, effect, or consequence; advantageous or disadvantageous result.
(attributive) Of, belonging to, related to, or having fruit or its characteristics; (of living things) producing or consuming fruit.
(dated, colloquial, derogatory) A homosexual man; (derogatory, figurative) an effeminate man. [from 1900]
(archaic) Offspring from a sexual union.
(informal) A crazy person.

fruit tree n
dara bi fekî
A tree that bears a crop of edible fruit on a regular basis.

fruition /fɹu.ˈɪʃ.ən/ n
pêkhatin
The fulfillment of something worked for.

frustration /fɹəˈstɹeɪ.ʃən/ /fɹʌsˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
acizbûnî
The act of frustrating, or the state, or an instance of being frustrated.

frustum n
qurm
A cone or pyramid whose tip has been truncated by a plane parallel to its base.

fry /fɹaɪ/ v
biraştin
(transitive) To cook (something) in hot fat.
سوور کردنه‌وه‌
(chiefly, US, ambitransitive, slang) To execute, or be executed, by the electric chair.

fuck /fʊk/ /fʌk/ [fʌkʰ] interjection
berzik
(vulgar, colloquial) Expressing dismay or discontent.

fuck /fʊk/ /fʌk/ [fʌkʰ] n
گان
(vulgar, colloquial) An act of sexual intercourse.
(vulgar, colloquial) A sexual partner, especially a casual one.

fuck /fʊk/ /fʌk/ [fʌkʰ] v
gan
(vulgar, colloquial, intransitive) To have sexual intercourse; to copulate.
(vulgar, colloquial, transitive) To insert one's penis, a dildo, or other object, into a person or a specified orifice or cleft sexually; to penetrate.
(vulgar, colloquial, transitive) To put in an extremely difficult or impossible situation.
gû
(vulgar, colloquial, transitive, often, derogatory) Used to express great displeasure with, or contemptuous dismissal of, someone or something.

fuck up /ˈfʌkˌʌp/ /ˌfʌkˈʌp/ v
ji dest hatin
(transitive, vulgar) To injure or damage badly.

fucked up /ˌfʌktˈʌp/ adv
nexweş
In a screwed up or messed up manner; (by extension) under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

fudge /fʌd͡ʒ/ n
şîrîn
(chiefly, _, uncountable) A type of very sweet candy or confection, usually made from sugar, butter, and milk or cream.
bîlan
(countable) A deliberately misleading or vague answer.

fuel /ˈfjuːl/ /ˈfjuːəl/ /ˈfjʊəl/ /ˈfɪu̯(ə)l/ [ˈfjuwəɫ] n
ardû
Substance consumed to provide energy through combustion, or through chemical or nuclear reaction.

fuel /ˈfjuːl/ /ˈfjuːəl/ /ˈfjʊəl/ /ˈfɪu̯(ə)l/ [ˈfjuwəɫ] v
arandin
To exacerbate, to cause to grow or become greater.

fugitive /ˈfjuːd͡ʒɪtɪv/ n
penaber
A person who flees or escapes and travels secretly from place to place, and sometimes using disguises and aliases to conceal his/her identity, as to avoid law authorities in order to avoid an arrest or prosecution; or to avoid some other unwanted situation.

fulcrum /ˈfʊlk.ɹəm/ /ˈfʌlk.ɹəm/ n
alîkarî
(mechanics) The support about which a lever pivots.

full /fʉl/ /fʊl/ [fʊɫ] adj
tijî
Containing the maximum possible amount that can fit in the space available.
(informal) Having eaten to satisfaction, having a "full" stomach; replete.

full moon n
heyva tijî
The phase of the moon when it is in opposition to the sun and its full disc is therefore visible.

full stop /ˌfʊl ˈstɒp/ n
nuqte
(Australia, British, India, Ireland, NZ, South Africa) The punctuation mark "." (indicating the end of a sentence or marking an abbreviation).

full-scale adj
amî
Thorough; complete; not lacking in any detail.

fully /ˈfʊli/ adv
به‌ ته‌واوی
(rare) So as to be full (not hungry); to satiation.

fume /fjuːm/ n
dûxan
A gas or vapour/vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale.

fume /fjuːm/ v
dû kirin
(transitive) To expose (something) to fumes; specifically, to expose wood, etc., to ammonia in order to produce dark tints.

function /ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃən/ /ˈfʌŋkʃn̩/ /ˈfʌŋkʃən/ [ˈfʌŋkʃn̩] [ˈfʌŋkʃɪ̈n] n
fonksiyon
What something does or is used for.
(mathematics) A relation in which each element of the domain is associated with exactly one element of the codomain.
(computing) A routine that receives zero or more arguments and may return a result.
(biology) The physiological activity of an organ or body part.

function /ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃən/ /ˈfʌŋkʃn̩/ /ˈfʌŋkʃən/ [ˈfʌŋkʃn̩] [ˈfʌŋkʃɪ̈n] v
meşîn
(intransitive) To carry out a function; to be in action.

functional /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃnəl/ /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃənəl/ adj
kar kirin
In good working order.
amûr
Useful; serving a purpose, fulfilling a function.

functionary n
erkedar
A person employed as an official in a bureaucracy (usually corporate or governmental) who holds limited authority and primarily serves to carry out a simple function for which discretion is not required.

fundament /ˈfan.də.mənt/ /ˈfʌn.də.mənt/ n
bingeh
The underlying basis or principle for a theoretical or mathematical system.

fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmɛntəl/ adj
bingeh
Related to a foundation, base, or basis; serving as a foundation.

funeral /ˈfjunəɹəl/ /ˈfjuːnəɹəl/ /ˈfjuːnɹəl/ n
[[چه‌ماوه‌ر]]
A ceremony to honor and remember a deceased person, often distinguished from a memorial service by the presence of the body of the deceased.

fungus /ˈfʌŋ.ɡəs/ n
kivark
(mycology) Any member of the kingdom Fungi; a eukaryotic organism typically having chitin cell walls but no chlorophyll or plastids. Fungi may be unicellular or multicellular.

funk /fʌŋk/ n
tirs
(uncountable) A state of fear or panic, especially cowardly.

funnel cake n
morîstan
(US) A specialty food made from deep-fried batter and originally associated with the Pennsylvania Dutch region of the United States.

funny /ˈfʊnɪ/ /ˈfʌni/ /ˈfʌnɪ/ adj
ecêb
Strange or unusual, often implying unpleasant. [from early 19th c.]

fur /fɜɹ/ /fɜː(ɹ)/ /fʌr/ n
hirî
(uncountable) The hairy coat of various mammal species, especially when fine, soft and thick.

furnace /ˈfɜːnɪs/ /ˈfɝnɪs/ n
firrne
An industrial heating device, such as for smelting metal or firing ceramics.
patin
(US, Canada) A device that provides heat for a building.
(colloquial, figurative) Any area that is excessively hot.

furrow /ˈfɝoʊ/ /ˈfʌɹoʊ/ /ˈfʌɹəʊ/ n
berî
A trench cut in the soil, as when plowed in order to plant a crop.

further /ˈfɜː.ðə/ /ˈfɝ.ðɚ/ adv
ji bilî wilo

further /ˈfɜː.ðə/ /ˈfɝ.ðɚ/ v
گه‌وره‌بوون
(transitive) To encourage growth; to support progress or growth of something; to promote.

furthermore /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ðə(ɹ)ˌmɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈfɝ.ðɚˌmɔɹ/ adv
ji bilî wilo
In addition; besides; further; what's more (i.e. to denote additional information).

fury /ˈfjuːɹi/ /ˈfjɔːɹi/ /ˈfjɚ.i/ /ˈfjʉːɹi/ /ˈfjʊə.ɹi/ /ˈfjʊɹ.i/ n
harî
Extreme anger.

fusil /ˈfjuːzɪl/ n
mertîn
(now, historical) A light flintlock musket or firelock.

fuss /fʌs/ n
birebir
(countable, or, uncountable) Excessive activity, worry, bother, or talk about something.

fussock /ˈfʌsək/ n
avilke

futile /ˈfju.taɪ.əl/ /ˈfju.taɪl/ /ˈfju.təl/ /ˈfjuː.taɪl/ adj
vala
Incapable of producing results, useless; doomed not to be successful; not worth attempting.

futtock /ˈfʌtək/ [ˈfəɾək] n
jinû
(nautical) Any of the curved rib-like timbers that form the frame of a wooden ship.

future tense n
rayeka navdêrî
(grammar) The tense or time form of a verb used to refer to an event or occurrence that has not yet happened or is expected to happen in the future.

fuzz /fʌz/ n
fîrewn
(US, slang, with "the") The police, or any law enforcement agency.

gab /ɡæb/ n
pitpit
Idle chatter.

gable /ˈɡeɪ.bəl/ n
fistiqên çaman
(architectural element) The triangular area at the peak of an external wall adjacent to, and terminating, two sloped roof surfaces (pitches).

gaga /ˈɡɑːɡɑː/ adj
dîn
(informal) Crazy.

gain /ɡeɪn/ adj
gen
(obsolete, or, dialectal) Straight, direct; near; short.

gain /ɡeɪn/ n
kar
The act of gaining; acquisition.
hecel
(electronics) The factor by which a signal is multiplied.

gainsay /ɡeɪnˈseɪ/ /ˈɡeɪnˌseɪ/ v
avêtin
(transitive, formal) To say something in contradiction to.

gala /ˈɡeɪlə/ /ˈɡælə/ /ˈɡɑːlə/ n
cejn
(uncountable) Pomp, show, or festivity.

galactic /ɡəˈlæktɪk/ adj
esmannasiyî
(figuratively) Enormous (in size or impact).
şîr
(medicine) Of or pertaining to milk, or the secretion of milk.

galactose /ɡəˈlaktəʊs/ /ɡəˈlaktəʊz/ n
galaktoz
(carbohydrate) A monosaccharide found, along with lactose, in dairy products, and is synthesized by the body where it is found associated with glycolipids and glycoproteins.

galaxy /ˈɡæl.ək.si/ n
galaksî
(galaxy) Any of the collections of many millions or billions of stars, galactic dust, black holes, etc. existing as independent and coherent systems, of which there are billions in the known universe. [from 19th c.]

gall /ɡɑl/ /ɡɔːl/ n
navmil
(countable) A sore on a horse caused by an ill-fitted or ill-adjusted saddle; a saddle sore.
دوگمه‌
A bump-like imperfection resembling a gall.

gall bladder n
kîsikê zeravê
(anatomy) A pear-shaped organ that stores bile from the liver, until the body needs it for the digestion and absorption of fats in the duodenum.

gallantry /ˈɡæləntri/ n
ئازا
chivalrous courtliness, especially towards women

galleon /ˈɡæ.li.ən/ /ˈɡæl.jən/ n
galyon
A large, three masted, square rigged sailing ship with at least two decks.

gallimaufry /ɡa.lɪˈmɔː.fɹi/ n
ewk
(dated, countable, uncountable) A hash of various kinds of meats, a ragout.

gallium /ˈɡæliəm/ n
galyûm
A chemical element (symbol Ga) with an atomic number of 31; a soft bluish metal.

gallnut n
berû
A gall on a tree, caused by insects, that resembles a nut.

gallows /ˈɡæloʊz/ /ˈɡæləs/ /ˈɡæləʊz/ n
dara darazê
Wooden framework on which persons are put to death by hanging. [from 1300s]

gamble /ˈɡæm.bəl/ n
qumar
A significant risk, undertaken with a potential gain.

gambler n
yarîker
One who plays at a game of chance, who gambles.

gambling /ˈɡæm.blɪŋ/ /ˈɡæm.bl̩.ɪŋ/ n
qumar
An activity characterised by a balance between winning and losing that is governed by a mixture of skill and chance, usually with money wagered on the outcome.

game /ɡeɪm/ n
lîstik
(countable) A particular instance of playing a game.
A playful activity that may be unstructured; an amusement or pastime.
nêçîr
(uncountable) Wild animals hunted for food.

gamut /ˈɡæm.ət/ /ˈɡæm.ɪt/ n
vegir
gam
A (normally) complete range.

gander /ˈɡæn.də(ɹ)/ n
qaz
A male goose.

gangrene /ˈɡaŋˌɡɹiːn/ /ˈɡæŋˌɡɹin/ n
lareşe
The necrosis and rotting of flesh, usually caused by lack of blood supply.

gap /ɡæp/ n
jêkirin
An opening in anything made by breaking or parting.
A vacant space or time.

garbage /ˈɡɑɹbɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɡɑːbɪd͡ʒ/ n
qilêr
Useless or disposable material; waste material of any kind.

garden /-n̩/ /ˈɡɑɹdən/ /ˈɡɑːdən/ n
gulistan bax
An outdoor area containing one or more types of plants, usually plants grown for food or ornamental purposes.
gulistan
(Britain, Ireland, Appalachia) The grounds at the front or back of a house.

garfish n
derzî
(especially, UK, Ireland) Any fish of the needlefish family Belonidae, with a long narrow body and needle-shaped jaws, especially the European species Belone belone.

garlic /ˈɡɑɹlɪk/ /ˈɡɑːlɪk/ n
sîr
A plant, Allium sativum, related to the onion, having a pungent bulb much used in cooking.

garçon /ɡɑː(ɹ)ˈsɒn/ /ɡɑː(ɹ)ˈsɒ̃/ n
kur
A male waiter (especially at a French restaurant).

gas /ɡæs/ /ɡæz/ /ˈɡɛəs/ n
gaz
(uncountable, physical chemistry) Matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid (or in a bubble of liquid, or held together by gravitational pull); it can condense into a liquid, or can (rarely) become a solid directly by deposition.
(countable, physical chemistry) A chemical element or compound in such a state.

gas station n
benzînxane
(North America, New Zealand, Philippines) filling station / petrol station; an establishment which sells gasoline (petrol) and often also diesel

gasoline /ɡæsl̩ˈin/ /ɡæsˈlin/ /ˈɡæs.ə.liːn/ [ɡæsɵˈlin] [ɡæˈsɵlin] n
benzîn
(uncountable, North America, Philippines) A flammable liquid consisting of a mixture of refined petroleum hydrocarbons, mainly used as a motor fuel; petrol.

gastroenterology n
gastroenterolojî
(medicine) The study of the digestive system, from the mouth to the anus; may also include the study of accessory organs: pancreas, liver, gallbladder and bile ducts.

gastrology n
pêjandinzanî
the scientific study of the stomach

gastronomy /ɡæˈstɹɒnəmi/ n
gastronomî
The study of the relationship between food and culture.

gate /ɡeɪt/ n
dergeh
A doorlike structure outside a house.
A doorway, opening, or passage in a fence or wall.
A passageway (as in an air terminal) where passengers can embark or disembark.
derî
(computing) A logical pathway made up of switches which turn on or off. Examples are and, or, nand, etc.

gateau n
gato
(mostly, UK) A rich, usually iced, cake.

gatekeeper /ˈɡeɪt.ki.pɚ/ /ˈɡeɪt.kiː.pə/ n
gard
A person who guards or monitors passage through a gate.

gateway /ˈɡeɪtˌweɪ/ n
dergeh
An entrance capable of being blocked by use of a gate.
Any point that represents the beginning of a transition from one place or phase to another.

gather /ˈɡæðə/ /ˈɡæðɚ/ v
kevçe
Especially, to harvest food.
standin
(architecture) To bring together, or nearer together, in masonry, as for example where the width of a fireplace is rapidly diminished to the width of the flue.

gathering /ˈɡæð.ə.ɹɪŋ/ /ˈɡæð.ɚ.ɪŋ/ n
grûb
A group of people or things.
defter
(bookbinding) A section, a group of bifolios, or sheets of paper, stacked together and folded in half.

gauge /ˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/ v
pîvan
(transitive) To measure or determine with a gauge; to measure the capacity of.

gauze /ɡɔːz/ n
gaz
A thin fabric with a loose, open weave.

gavel /ˈɡa.vəl/ /ˈɡæ.vəl/ n
mîrkut
A wooden mallet, used by a courtroom judge, or by a committee chairman, struck against a sounding block to quieten those present, or by an auctioneer to accept the highest bid at auction.

gay /ɡeɪ/ adj
homoseksûalîte
(colloquial) Not heterosexual, or not cisgender: homosexual, bisexual, asexual, transgender, etc.
homoseksûel
(loosely, of appearance or behavior) Being in accordance with stereotypes of gay people, especially gay men.
zindî
(dated) Happy, joyful, and lively.
dilrihetker
(dated) Festive, bright, or colourful.

gay /ɡeɪ/ n
homoseksûel
(now, _, chiefly, in plural) A homosexual, especially a male homosexual.

gazette /ɡəˈzɛt/ n
rojname
A newspaper; a printed sheet published periodically. [from 1605]

gear /ɡɪə(ɹ)/ /ɡɪɚ/ n
hişkalav
(uncountable) Equipment or paraphernalia, especially that used for an athletic endeavor.

gear lever n
destikê vitêsê
(British) The lever used to change gears in a motor car.

gear wheel /ɡɪə(ɹ) ʍiːl/ /ɡɪɚ ʍil/ n
fistiqên çaman
(mechanics) A wheel with a toothed rim, intended to engage with others, or similar equipment, to form a gear.

gearbox n
qutiya vitêsê
That part of a car's transmission containing the train of gears, and to which the gear lever is connected.

geez /d͡ʒiːz/ interjection
Elah
(euphemistic) An exclamation denoting surprise or frustration.

geezer /ˈɡizɚ/ /ˈɡiːzə/ n
[[پیره‌مێرد]]
(informal, chiefly, North America, sometimes, mildly, derogatory) An old person, usually a male, typically a cranky old man.

gel /d͡ʒɛl/ [d͡ʒɛɫ] n
cemed
A semi-solid to almost solid colloid of a solid and a liquid, such as jelly, cheese or opal.
Any gel intended for a particular cosmetic use, such as for styling the hair.

gelatin /ˈd͡ʒɛlətiːn/ /ˈd͡ʒɛlətɪn/ n
celatîn
A protein derived through partial hydrolysis of the collagen extracted from animal skin, bones, cartilage, ligaments, etc.
A thin, translucent membrane used as a filter for photography or for theatrical lighting effects.

gelato /dʒəˈlɑːtəʊ/ /d͡ʒəˈlɑtoʊ/ n
bestenî
An Italian variant of ice cream made from milk and sugar, combined with other flavourings. The ingredients are supercooled while stirring to break up ice crystals as they form.

gelding /ˈɡɛldɪŋ/ n
hestir
A castrated male horse.
Any castrated male animal.

gelid /ˈd͡ʒɛl.əd/ /ˈd͡ʒɛl.ɪd/ adj
bestenî
Very cold; icy or frosty.

gender /ˈd͡ʒɛndə/ /ˈd͡ʒɛndɚ/ n
cins
cinsiyet
(grammar) A division of nouns and pronouns (and sometimes of other parts of speech) into masculine or feminine, and sometimes other categories like neuter or common, and animate or inanimate. [from 14th c.]

gendersex /ˈd͡ʒɛndəsɛks/ /ˈd͡ʒɛndɚsɛks/ n
cins
Sex or gender. A division of organisms into masculine, feminine and possibly others, by sexual or social characteristics.

gene /d͡ʒiːn/ n
gen
(genetics) A theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms; a gene may take several values and in principle predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair color.

general /ˈd͡ʒen.(ə.)ɹəl/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(ə.)ɹəl/ adj
gelemper
amî
Including or involving every part or member of a given or implied entity, whole, etc.; common to all, universal. [from 13th c.]
(sometimes, _, postpositive) Applied to a person (as a postmodifier or a normal preceding adjective) to indicate supreme rank, in civil or military titles, and later in other terms; pre-eminent. [from 14th c.]
Prevalent or widespread among a given class or area; common, usual. [from 14th c.]
Not of a specific class; miscellaneous. [from 16th c.]

general /ˈd͡ʒen.(ə.)ɹəl/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(ə.)ɹəl/ n
amî
(military ranks) The holder of a senior military title, originally designating the commander of an army and now a specific rank falling under field marshal (in the British army) and below general of the army or general of the air force in the US army and air forces. [from 16th c.]

generally /ˈd͡ʒen.ɹə.li/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹə.li/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.li/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.ə.li/ /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɹə.li/ adv
bi gelemperî
Popularly or widely.
axlebe
As a rule; usually.

generation /ˌd͡ʒɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
nifş
A single step or stage in the succession of natural descent; a rank or degree in genealogy, the members of a family from the same parents, considered as a single unit. [from 14th c.]

generic /dʒɪˈnɛɹɪk/ adj
bivegirtî
Very comprehensive; pertaining or appropriate to large classes or groups (genera) as opposed to specific instances.

generous /ˈd͡ʒɛn(ə)ɹəs/ adj
mişe
Large, more than ample, copious. [from 17th c.]

genetics /d͡ʒə.ˈnɛ.tɪks/ /d͡ʒɛˈnɛ.tɪks/ /ˈdʒɛnɐ.ʈɪks/ n
genetîk
(biology) The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA.

genie /ˈd͡ʒiː.ni/ n
cin
(Islam) A jinn, a being descended from the jann, normally invisible to the human eye, but who may also appear in animal or human form.
(mythological creature) A fictional magical being that is typically bound to obey the commands of a mortal possessing its container.

genitive /ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/ adj
genetîv
(grammar) Of or pertaining to that case (as the second case of Latin and Greek nouns) which expresses a quality, origin or possession. It corresponds to the possessive case in English.

genitive /ˈd͡ʒɛnətɪv/ n
genetîv
(grammar, uncountable) An inflection pattern (of any given language) that expresses origin or ownership and possession.
(grammar, countable) A word inflected in the genitive case; a word indicating origin, ownership or possession.

genius /ˈdʒiː.nɪəs/ /ˈd͡ʒi.ni.əs/ /ˈd͡ʒin.jəs/ n
[[بلیمه‌ت]]
(countable) Someone possessing extraordinary intelligence or skill; especially somebody who has demonstrated this by a creative or original work in science, music, art etc.

genre /ˈ(d)ʒɑnɹə/ /ˈ(d)ʒɒnɹə/ /ˈd͡ʒɑnɚ/ n
janr
A kind; a stylistic category or sort, especially of literature or other artworks.

gentle /ˈdʒɛntl̩/ /ˈd͡ʒɛntl̩/ [ˈd͡ʒɛ̃ɾ̃l̩] adj
dilovan
Tender and amiable; of a considerate or kindly disposition.
nerm
Soft and mild rather than hard or severe.
berfehm
Docile and easily managed.
bere bere
Gradual rather than steep or sudden.

gentleman /ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/ [ˈd͡ʒɛɾ̃.ɫ̩.mən] n
mamoste
(chiefly, _, historical) A man of gentle but not noble birth, particularly a man of means (originally ownership of property) who does not work for a living but has no official status in a peerage; (UK, _, law) an armiferous man ranking below a knight.
Any well-bred, well-mannered, or charming man.

genuine /ˈd͡ʒɛnjuːˌaɪn/ /ˈd͡ʒɛnjuːˌɪn/ adj
bera
Belonging to, or proceeding from the original stock; native

genus /ˈdʒiːnəs/ /ˈdʒɛnəs/ /ˈd͡ʒiːnəs/ n
cotzeyandî
(biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below family (Lat. familia) and above species.
A taxon at this rank.

geographic /d͡ʒiəˈɡɹæfɪk/ adj
erdnîgarî coğrafî
Pertaining to geography (or to geographics)

geography /dʒɪˈɒɡɹəfi/ /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/ /ˈdʒɒɡɹəfi/ n
erdnîgarî cografya
The study of the physical properties of the earth, including how humans affect and are affected by them.

geology /d͡ʒiˈɑl.ə.dʒi/ /d͡ʒɪˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ n
erdzanî
The science that studies the structure of the earth (or other planets), together with its origin and development, especially by examination of its rocks.

geometry /d͡ʒiˈɑ.mə.tɹi/ /d͡ʒiːˈɒm.ɪ.tɹi/ /d͡ʒiːˈɔm.ə.tɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒɒm.ɪ.tɹi/ n
geometrî
(mathematics, uncountable) The branch of mathematics dealing with spatial relationships.
(countable) The observed or specified spatial attributes of an object, etc.
(algebraic geometry, countable) A mathematical object comprising representations of a space and of its spatial relationships.

geomorphology n
jeomorfolojî
The study of landforms, their classification, origin, development, and history.

geophysics /ˌdʒiː.əʊˈfɪz.ɪks/ n
jeofizîk
A branch of earth science dealing with the physical processes and phenomena occurring in the earth and in its vicinity.

germane /dʒɜː(ɹ)ˈmeɪn/ /d͡ʒɝˈmeɪn/ n
bira
(inorganic chemistry) germanium tetrahydride, GeH4

germanium /d͡ʒɚˈmeɪni.əm/ n
germanyûm
A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Ge) with an atomic number of 32: a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group.

germinate /ˈd͡ʒɜː(ɹ)mɪneɪt/ v
kuta bûn
(intransitive, botany, horticulture) Of a seed, to begin to grow, to sprout roots and leaves.
(transitive) To cause to grow; to produce.

gesture /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃə/ /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɝ/ n
îşaret
An act or a remark that serves as a formality or as a sign of attitude.
(obsolete) The manner of carrying the body; position of the body or limbs; posture.

get /ɡɛt/ /ɡɪt/ v
bûn
(copulative) To become, or cause oneself to become.
(transitive) To cause to become; to bring about.
(intransitive, catenative) (with full infinitive) To be able, be permitted, or have the opportunity (to do something desirable or ironically implied to be desirable).
standin
(transitive, informal) To bring to reckoning; to catch (as a criminal); to effect retribution.
bi dest xistin
(archaic) To learn; to commit to memory; to memorize; sometimes with out.
(intransitive, obsolete) To make acquisitions; to gain; to profit.

get by v
debirîn
(intransitive, idiomatic) To subsist; to succeed, survive, or manage, at least at a minimal level.

get drunk v
sermest bûn
(intransitive) To intoxicate oneself with alcohol. (This entry is a translation hub.)

get in v
hilketin
(intransitive) To enter a place; to gain access.
xeyidîn
(intransitive, idiomatic) To be elected to some office.

get married v
mêr kirin
(intransitive) To become married (to someone).
(reciprocal, intransitive) To become married (to each other).

get off v
dahelandin
(transitive) To move (something) from being on top of (something else) to not being on top of it.
girtin
(intransitive) To stop touching or physically interfering with something or someone.
(transitive) To cause (something) to stop touching or interfering with (something else).
daketin
(transitive, intransitive) To disembark, especially from mass transportation such as a bus or train; to depart from (a path, highway, etc).

get on v
hilketin
(transitive, intransitive) To board or mount (something), especially a vehicle.
siwar bûn
(slang) To do drugs; to get drunk; to buy drugs; to regularly use drugs.

get out v
daketin
(intransitive) To leave a vehicle such as a car. (Note: for public transport, get off is more common.)

get out of here interjection
haydê
(idiomatic, informal) An exclamation of disbelief.

get over v
ji heq derketin
(slang, transitive) To manipulate (someone); to get around (someone); to improve one's own standing at another's expense.
(slang, intransitive) To impress someone; to achieve a goal; to be successful.

get rid of v
rayeka navdêrî
(transitive, idiom) To rid oneself of; to cause oneself to be free of or released from.

get the hang of v
yek
(colloquial) To begin to understand or manage at a basic level; to learn to handle with some skill.

get up v
rabûn
To move from a sitting or lying position to a standing position; to stand up.

ghost /ɡoʊst/ /ɡɐʉst/ /ɡəʊst/ n
gemîgeh
The disembodied soul; the soul or spirit of a deceased person; a spirit appearing after death.

ghostwriter n
reşik
A professional writer who is paid to write material that is officially credited to another person; one who writes on behalf of someone else, often for a celebrity.

ghoul /ɡuːl/ /ɡʉl/ /ɡʊəl/ n
spêle
(mythology, Islam) A demon said to feed on corpses.

giant-killing n
Gelawêj
(sports, also used as an adjective) The defeat of a team by a much weaker opponent.

gibberish /ˈd͡ʒɪb.ə.ɹɪʃ/ n
şaşziman
Needlessly obscure or overly technical language.

gibbet /ˈd͡ʒɪbɪt/ n
dara darazê
An upright post with a crosspiece used for execution and subsequent public display.

giddy /ˈɡɪd.i/ [ˈɡɪɾ.i] adj
nelixwe
Unable to concentrate or think seriously; easily excited; impulsive; also, lightheartedly silly; frivolous.

giddyup /ˈɡɪdiˌʌp/ /ˈɡɪdɪˌʌp/ /ˌɡɪdɪˈʌp/ interjection
a
(directed at a horse) Move on!, go faster!

gift /ɡɪft/ n
دیاری
Something given to another voluntarily, without charge.
A talent or natural ability.

gift /ɡɪft/ v
dan
(transitive) To give as a gift or donation.

gifted /ˈɡɪftɪd/ adj
behredar
Endowed with special, in particular intellectual, abilities.

gig /ɡɪɡ/ n
konsêr
Originally (music) , a performing engagement by a musician or musical group; (by extension, film, television, theater) a job or role for a performer.

gill /ɡɪl/ n
avesî
(animal anatomy) A breathing organ of fish and other aquatic animals.
(mycology) One of the radial folds on the underside of the cap of a mushroom, the surface of which bears the spore-producing organs.

gimmick /ˈɡɪm.ɪk/ n
hîle
A trick or device used to attain some end.

ginger /ˈdʒɪndʒə/ /ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒɚ/ n
komunîst
A reddish-brown color.
(colloquial, often, _, derogatory, countable) A person with reddish-brown hair; a redhead.

ginormous /dʒaɪˈnɔːməs/ adj
زۆر چاک
(informal) Very large.

giraffe /dʒɪˈɹaf/ /dʒɪˈɹɑːf/ /d͡ʒəˈɹæf/ n
hêştirga
A ruminant, of the genus Giraffa, of the African savannah with long legs and highly elongated neck, which make it the tallest living animal; yellow fur patterned with dark spots, often in the form of a network; and two or more short, skin-covered horns, so-called; strictly speaking the horn-like projections are ossicones.

girdle /ˈɡɜːdl̩/ /ˈɡɝdl̩/ n
kemer
A belt or sash at the waist, often used to support stockings or hosiery.

girl /ɡɛəl/ /ɡɜːɫ/ /ɡɝ.əl/ /ɡɝl/ /ɡɪəl/ /ɡɵːl/ [ɡʏw] n
qîz کچ
A young female human, or sometimes a young female animal.
qîz
(sometimes, offensive, see usage note) A woman, especially a young and often attractive woman.

girlfriend /ˈɡɜːlfɹɛnd/ /ˈɡɝlfɹɛnd/ n
کچ
A female partner in an unmarried romantic relationship.
(LGBT) A fellow gay man, especially a friend as opposed to a sexual partner.

girlish /ˈɡɜː.lɪʃ/ /ˈɡɝ.lɪʃ/ adj
keç
Like (that of) a girl; feminine.

gist /d͡ʒɪst/ n
xwe
(countable) The main idea or substance, or the most essential part, of a longer or more complicated matter; the crux, the heart, the pith.

git /ɡɪt/ n
fîş
(Britain, Ireland, slang, pejorative) A silly, incompetent, stupid, or annoying person (usually a man).

give /ɡɪv/ v
dan
To transfer one's possession or holding of (something) to (someone).

give away v
dan
(transitive) To make a gift of (something).

give back v
vegerandin
(archaic) To recede; to retreat.

give birth v
razan
(intransitive, of viviparous animals) To release live offspring from the body into the environment.
(transitive, with to, of viviparous animals) To become the parent of by birthing.
(transitive, figuratively, usually, with to, idiom) To become the source of.

give in v
nikisîn
To collapse or fall.
berdan
(idiomatic) To relent, yield, surrender or admit defeat.

give off /ɡɪv ɒf/ v
feşandin
(transitive) To emit; to produce and send forth; to come across in some manner.

give oneself airs v
forsa xwe kirin
(idiomatic, intransitive) To act pretentiously, or in a snobbish manner; to swagger.

give way v
rê dan
To give precedence to other road users.

given name /ˈɡɪvən ˌneɪm/ n
nav
A personal name chosen for a child, usually by their parents.

gizmo /ˈɡɪzmoʊ/ n
ewk
(slang) Something, generally a device, for which one does not know the proper term.

gizzard /ˈɡɪzəd/ /ˈɡɪzɚd/ n
req
A specialized organ constructed of thick muscular walls found in the digestive tract of some animals, including archosaurs (including crocodilians and birds), earthworms, some gastropods, some fish, and some crustaceans, and used for grinding up food, often aided by particles of stone or grit.

glaciology /ˌɡleɪsɪˈɒlədʒi/ /ˌɡleɪʃiˈɑləd͡ʒi/ n
glasyolojî
(geography) The study of ice and its effect on the landscape, especially the study of glaciers. [from late 19th c.]

glad /ɡlæd/ /ˈɡlɛəd/ adj
dilxweş
Pleased, happy, gratified.

glade /ɡleɪd/ n
gorrepan
An open passage through a wood; a grassy open or cleared space in a forest.

gladiator /ˈɡlædiˌeɪtɚ/ n
gladyator
(in ancient Rome) A person (professional or slave) who entertained the public by engaging in mortal combat with another, or with a wild animal.

gland /ɡlænd/ n
rijên
(zoology) A specialized cell, group of cells, or organ of endothelial origin in the human or animal body that synthesizes a chemical substance, such as hormones or breast milk, and releases it, often into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland).

glans /ɡlænz/ n
belût
(anatomy) A structure at the extremity of the penis and of the clitoris in humans and other mammals.
The acorn or mast of the oak and similar fruits.

glans penis /ˌɡlænz ˈpiːnɪs/ n
belût
(anatomy) A conical vascularized body forming the extremity of the penis.

glasnost n
gorrepan
(historical) 1980s and early 1990s policy of the Soviet Union under Gorbachev to allow more government transparency; often paired with perestroika

glass /ɡlæs/ /ɡlɑːs/ [ɡlas] [ɡleəs] [ɡläs] [ɡläːs] [ɡlæs] [ɡlɐːs] [ɡlɑːs] [ɡlɛəs] n
cam
(usually, uncountable) An amorphous solid, often transparent substance, usually made by melting silica sand with various additives (for most purposes, a mixture of soda, potash and lime is added).

glee /ɡliː/ n
şabûnî
(uncountable) Joy; happiness; great delight, especially from one's own good fortune or from another's misfortune.
(singing, countable) An unaccompanied part song for three or more solo voices, not necessarily merry.
mûsîk
(uncountable) Music; minstrelsy; entertainment.

glen /ɡlɛn/ /ɡlɪn/ n
دۆڵ
A secluded and narrow valley, especially one with a river running through it; a depression between hills; a dale.

glitch /ɡlɪt͡ʃ/ n
hestî
(countable) A problem affecting function.

global /ˈɡloʊbəl/ /ˈɡləʊbəl/ adj
cîhanî
Concerning all parts of the world.
(not comparable, computing) Of a variable, accessible by all parts of a program.

globe /ɡloʊb/ /ɡloːb/ /ɡləʊb/ n
Erd
The planet Earth.

gloom /ɡlum/ /ɡluːm/ n
tarî
Darkness, dimness, or obscurity.

gloomy /ˈɡlumi/ /ˈɡluːmi/ adj
تاریک
Not very illuminated; dim because of darkness, especially when appearing depressing or frightening.

glory /ˈɡlo(ː)ɹi/ /ˈɡlɔɹ.i/ /ˈɡlɔː.ɹi/ [ˈɡloɹ.i] n
namûs
Honour, admiration, or distinction, accorded by common consent to a person or thing; high reputation; renown.

gloss /ɡlɑs/ /ɡlɒs/ /ɡlɔs/ n
rewş
A surface shine or luster.
nimandin
(figuratively) A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance.

glove /ɡlʌv/ n
lepik
An item of clothing, covering all or part of the hand and fingers, but usually allowing independent movement of the fingers.

glowworm n
agirê şevê
The larva or wingless grub-like female of a beetle from the families Phengodidae or Lampyridae that gives out a green light from its abdomen.

glucose /ˈɡlukoʊs/ /ˈɡluːkəʊz/ n
glukoz
(carbohydrate) A simple monosaccharide (sugar) with a molecular formula of C6H12O6; it is a principle source of energy for cellular metabolism.

glug /ɡlʌɡ/ v
dabilandin
(informal, transitive) To quickly swallow liquid.

glutton /ˈɡlʌt(ə)n/ n
xwere
One who eats voraciously, obsessively, or to excess; a gormandizer.

gluttonous /ˈɡlʌt(ə)nəs/ adj
çirore
Given to excessive eating; prone to overeating.
Greedy.

gnu /njuː/ /nuː/ /ɡəˈnjuː/ /ɡəˈnuː/ n
ginû
A large antelope of the genus Connochaetes, native to Africa, having curved horns.

go /ɡoʊ/ [ɡu] [ɡɐʉ] [ɡəʉ] [ɡəʊ] v
çûn
(intransitive) To move through space (especially to or through a place). (May be used of tangible things such as people or cars, or intangible things such as moods or information.)
To turn out, to result; to come to (a certain result).

go away v
çûn
To depart or leave a place.
To travel somewhere, especially on holiday or vacation.

go back v
vegerîn
(intransitive) To return to a place or state after having been there at a previous time.

go bad v
zivirîn
(of foods and commodities) To spoil, rot, or otherwise become unusable due to age or storage conditions.

go bankrupt v
îflas kirin
(intransitive) To become bankrupt.

go down v
daketin
To descend; to move from a higher place to a lower one.
ketin
(intransitive) To fall (down); to fall to the floor.

go off v
peqandin
(intransitive) To explode.
(intransitive, figurative) To explode metaphorically; to become very angry or over-excited.
dizî kirin
(intransitive) To begin clanging or making noise.

go on v
ajotin
(intransitive) To continue in extent.
(intransitive) To continue an action.
girtin
(intransitive) To proceed.
bûn
(intransitive) To happen (occur).

go out v
reş kirin
To be turned off or extinguished.

go to bed with v
ava bûn
(euphemistic) To have sex with someone.

go up v
hilketin
(intransitive) To move upwards.

goad /ɡoʊd/ /ɡəʊd/ v
arandin
To incite or provoke.

goal /ɡoʊl/ /ɡɐʉl/ /ɡəʊl/ [ɡoɫ] [ɡɒʊɫ] n
gol
(sport) The act of placing the object into the goal.
A point scored in a game as a result of placing the object into the goal.

goalie /ˈɡəʊl.i/ n
gard
(sports, colloquial) A goalkeeper or goaltender.

goalkeeper n
gard
(sports) A designated player that attempts to prevent the opposing team from scoring by protecting a goal.

goat /ɡoʊt/ /ɡoːt/ /ɡɐʉt/ /ɡəʊt/ [ɡoʊʔt̚] n
bizin
(uncountable) The meat of the aforementioned animal.

goat cheese n
bizin
Any cheese produced using goatmilk.

goat's-beard /ˈɡəʊtsbɪəd/ n
zenî
A yellow-flowered Eurasian plant, of the genus Tragopogon.

goatherd n
şivan
A person who herds, tends goats.

gobbler /ˈɡɑblɚ/ /ˈɡɒblə/ n
xwere

god /ɡɑd/ /ɡɒd/ /ɡɒːd/ /ɡɔd/ /ɡɔːd/ n
îlah
xudê
An idol.

goddess /-ɛs/ /-ɪs/ /ˈɡɑdəs/ /ˈɡɒdɛs/ n
xwedawen
(religion) A female deity.
(figuratively) A woman honored or adored as physically attractive or of superior charm and intelligence.

going to /ɡoʊnə/ /ɡoʊɪn tə/ /ɡoʊɪnə/ /ɡoʊɪŋ tə/ /ɡənə/ /ˈɡoʊɪŋ tu/ phraseologicalUnit
herîn
Expresses the prospective aspect relative to a given time frame: something that will happen, or is intended, at the time, to happen.

gold /ɡaʉld/ /ɡoʊld/ /ɡuːld/ /ɡəʊld/ [ɡɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ɡɔʊ(ɫ)d] symbol
zêrr zêr
☉ (alchemy)

golden /ˈɡoʊl.dən/ /ˈɡəʊl.dən/ [ˈɡɒʊ̯ɫ.dn̩] [ˈɡəɫ.dn̩] adj
zêrr
Made of, or relating to, gold.

goldfinch n
zengilok
Any of several small passerine birds of the finch family

goldsmith n
gewhervan
A person who makes, repairs or sells things out of gold, especially jewelry.

golf /ɡɑlf/ /ɡɒf/ /ɡɒlf/ /ɡɔlf/ n
golf
(sports) A ball game played by individuals competing against one another in which the object is to hit a ball into each of a series of (usually 18 or nine) holes in the minimum number of strokes.

gonad /ˈɡəʊ.næd/ n
hêk
(slang, mostly, in the plural) A testicle.

gone /ɡɑn/ /ɡɒn/ /ɡɔn/ /ɡɔːn/ adj
herîn
Away, having left.

good /ɡʉd/ /ɡʊ(d)/ /ɡʊd/ [ɡud] [ɡɪ̈d] [ɡʊd] [ɡʊ̈d] adj
baş,çê
(of people or animals)
Acting in the interest of what is beneficial, ethical, or moral.
Competent or talented.
Pleasant; enjoyable.
biterbiye
Well-behaved (especially of children or animals).
baş
Effective.
Useful for a particular purpose; functional.
Beneficial; worthwhile.
Favourable.
Having a particularly pleasant taste.
Healthful.

good /ɡʉd/ /ɡʊ(d)/ /ɡʊd/ [ɡud] [ɡɪ̈d] [ɡʊd] [ɡʊ̈d] interjection
baş,çê
That is good; an elliptical exclamation of satisfaction or commendation.

good /ɡʉd/ /ɡʊ(d)/ /ɡʊd/ [ɡud] [ɡɪ̈d] [ɡʊd] [ɡʊ̈d] n
baş
(uncountable) The forces or behaviours that are the enemy of evil. Usually consists of helping others and general benevolence.
(countable, usually, in the plural) An item of merchandise.

good Lord interjection
ezman
An exclamation of amazement or disapproval.

good afternoon phraseologicalUnit
rojbaş
(rather formal in, _, US, Canada) A greeting or farewell said in the afternoon.

good day phraseologicalUnit
rojbaş
(dated, formal) A somewhat formal greeting generally used between sunrise and sunset.

good evening interjection
evar bas
(generally formal in, _, US, Canada) Used as a greeting in the evening.

good heavens /ɡʊd ˈhɛvənz/ interjection
asîman
(dated, exclamation) An exclamation of surprise or shock.

good morning /ˌɡʊd ˈmɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˌɡʊd ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ interjection
rojbaş
Used as a greeting when meeting someone for the first time in the morning.

good night phraseologicalUnit
şev baş
A farewell said in the evening or before going to sleep.

good to go adj
ئاماده
(informal, of a thing) Ready for use or normal operation, especially after repair or renewal.
(informal, of a person) Ready for some specific task or ready for normal activity, especially after preparation or recovery.

good-looking /ˈɡʊdˈlʊk.ɪŋ/ adj
bedew
Physically attractive (of a person).

goodbye /ɡədˈbaɪ/ /ɡəˈbaɪ/ /ɡʊdˈbaɪ/ interjection
adio
Farewell; a formula used to another person or persons when the speaker, writer, or person addressed is departing.

goodness /ˈɡʊdnəs/ /ˈɡʊdnɪs/ n
başbûnî
(uncountable) The state or characteristic of being good.

goofball /ˈɡufˌbɔl/ n
şihîre
(informal, often, _, derogatory, sometimes, _, affectionate) A foolish or silly person or animal.
(informal, pharmaceutical drug) A pill or tablet containing a pharmaceutical which has hypnotic or intoxicating effects, especially a barbiturate.

google /ˈɡuː.ɡəl/ n
lêgerîn
An Internet search, such as one performed on the Google search engine.

googol /ˈɡu.ɡɑl/ /ˈɡu.ɡəl/ /ˈɡuː.ɡɒl/ /ˈɡuː.ɡəl/ numeral
googol
The number 10^{100}, or ten to the power of a hundred. Equivalent to ten duotrigintillion (short scale), or ten sexdecilliard (long scale). [from 1920.]

goose /ˈɡuːs/ /ˈɡʉs/ n
qaz قاز
Any of various grazing waterfowl of the family Anatidae, which have feathers and webbed feet and are capable of flying, swimming, and walking on land, and which are bigger than ducks.

gore /ɡo(ː)ɹ/ /ɡoə/ /ɡɔɹ/ /ɡɔː/ n
xwîn
Blood, especially that from a wound when thickened due to exposure to the air.

gorge /ɡɔɹd͡ʒ/ /ɡɔːdʒ/ n
qirik
(archaic) The front aspect of the neck; the outside of the throat.
(archaic, literary) The inside of the throat; the esophagus, the gullet; (falconry, specifically) the crop or gizzard of a hawk.
pasaport
(geography) A deep, narrow passage with steep, rocky sides, particularly one with a stream running through it; a ravine.

gorilla /ɡɒˈɹɪl.ə/ /ɡəˈɹɪl.ə/ n
gorîl
The largest of the apes, belonging to the genus Gorilla, native to the forests of central Africa and known for their trait of knuckle-walking.
A big and brutish man or a thug; a goon or ruffian.

gosh /ɡɑːʃ/ /ɡɒʃ/ interjection
dayik
(minced oath, euphemism) A mild expression of surprise or enthusiasm.

gossamer /ˈɡɑ.sə.mɚ/ /ˈɡɒ.sə.mə/ n
gaz
A soft, sheer fabric.

gossip /ˈɡɑs.ɪp/ /ˈɡɒs.ɪp/ n
kurtepist
(uncountable) Idle talk about someone’s private or personal matters, especially someone not present.

gourd /ɡɔɹd/ /ɡɔːd/ /ɡʊəd/ /ɡʊɚd/ n
kundirê avê
A hard-shelled fruit from a plant in Lagenaria or Cucurbita.
The dried and hardened shell of such fruit, made into a drinking vessel, bowl, spoon, or other objects designed for use or decoration.
(obsolete) Any of the climbing or trailing plants from the family Cucurbitaceae, which includes watermelon, pumpkins, and cucumbers.

gourmand /ɡɔɹˈmɑnd/ /ˈɡʊə.mənd/ /ˈɡʊɹ.mɑnd/ /ˈɡʊʁmɑ̃/ n
xwere
A person given to excess in the consumption of food and drink; a greedy or ravenous eater.

government /ˈɡɐvmɘnt/ /ˈɡɐvɘ(n)mɘnt/ /ˈɡəv(ə)mɛnt/ /ˈɡəvɚ(n)mənt/ /ˈɡʌvə(n)mənt/ n
hukumet
The body with the power to make and/or enforce laws to control a country, land area, people or organization.

grab /ɡɹæb/ v
girtin
(intransitive) To make a sudden grasping or clutching motion (at something).
To restrain someone; to arrest.

grace /ɡɹeɪs/ n
bedewî
(uncountable) Elegant movement; balance or poise.

graceful /ˈɡɹeɪsfʊl/ adj
giran
Having or showing grace in movement, shape, or proportion.

gracefully /ˈɡɹeɪsfəli/ adv
giran
In a graceful manner.

grade /ɡɹeɪd/ n
dersxane
(North America, Philippines, education) A level of primary and secondary education.

grader /ˈɡɹeɪdə/ /ˈɡɹeɪdɚ/ n
greyder
A machine used to sort food by size or quality.

graduate /ˈɡɹædjueɪt/ /ˈɡɹædjuət/ /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒueɪt/ /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuɪt/ n
destûrdar
A person who is recognized by a university as having completed the requirements of a degree studied at the institution.

graft /ɡɹæft/ /ɡɹɑːft/ n
kutan
(countable) A small shoot or scion of a tree inserted in another tree, the stock of which is to support and nourish it. The two unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of fruit.
parçe
(countable, slang) A cut of the take (money).

grain /ɡɹeɪn/ n
dexl
(uncountable) The harvested seeds of various grass food crops eg: wheat, corn, barley.

gram /ɡɹæm/ n
gram
A unit of mass equal to one-thousandth of a kilogram. Symbol: g.

graminivorous /ɡɹæmɪˈnɪvəɹəs/ adj
giyaxur
(entomology) That eats grasses and seeds.

grammar /ˈɡɹæ.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɹæ.mɚ/ n
rêziman
A system of rules and principles for speaking and writing a language.
(uncountable, linguistics) The study of the internal structure of words (morphology) and the use of words in the construction of phrases and sentences (syntax).
A book describing the rules of grammar of a language.
(computing theory) A formal system specifying the syntax of a language.

grammatical /ɡɹəˈmætɪkəl/ adj
rêzimanî
Not breaching any constraints of the grammar, or morpho-syntax, of the relevant language.
Of or pertaining to grammar.

grammatical mood n
rawe
(grammar) A type of the relationship of a verb with reality and intent.

gramps n
باپیر
(colloquial, humorous) Grandpa, grandfather.
(by extension, derogatory) Old man.

grandchild n
nevî
A child of someone's child.

granddaddy n
باپیر
(informal) A grandfather.

granddaughter n
nevî
The daughter of someone's child.

grandfather /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/ /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑːðə(r)/ /ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə/ [ˈɡɹ̠(ʷ)ẽˑə̯̃n(d)ˌfɑˑðɚ] n
باپیر
A father of someone's parent. [from 15th c.]
(computing) The archived older version of a file that immediately preceded the father file.

grandma /ˈɡɹænmɑː/ /ˈɡɹænmə/ n
داپیر
(informal) Grandmother.

grandmother /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌmʌðə(r)/ /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌmʌðɚ/ /ˈɡɹænˌmʌðə/ n
داپیر داپیره‌
A mother of someone's parent.

grandpa /ˈɡɹæm.pɑː/ /ˈɡɹæm.pə/ n
باپیر
(informal) grandfather

grandparent /ˈɡɹæn(d)pæɹənt/ /ˈɡɹæn(d)pɛəɹənt/ n
bapîr
the parent of someone's parent

grandson /ˈɡɹæn(d)sʌn/ n
nevî
A son of one's child.

granny /ˈɡɹæni/ n
dapîr
(colloquial) A grandmother.

grant /ɡɹænt/ /ɡɹɑːnt/ /ɡɹɒnt/ v
dan
(transitive) To agree with (someone) on (something); to accept (something) for the sake of argument; to admit to (someone) that (something) is true.

grape /ɡɹeɪp/ adj
tirî
Containing grapes or having a grape flavor.

grape /ɡɹeɪp/ n
tirî
(countable) A small, round, smooth-skinned edible fruit, usually purple, red, or green, that grows in bunches on vines of genus Vitis.
(countable) Any of various fruits or plants with varying resemblances to those of genus Vitis but belonging to other genera; their edibility varies.

grapefruit /ˈɡɹeɪpfɹut/ /ˈɡɹeɪpfɹuːt/ n
greyfûrt
The tree of the species Citrus paradisi, a hybrid of Citrus maxima and sweet orange.
The large spherical tart fruit produced by this tree.

grapevine n
rez
The plant, a vine of genus Vitis, on which grapes grow.

grapple /ˈɡɹæpəl/ n
ceng
A close hand-to-hand struggle.

grass /ɡɹæs/ /ɡɹɑːs/ [ɡɹ̠as] [ɡɹ̠eəs] [ɡɹ̠äs] [ɡɹ̠äːs] [ɡɹ̠æs] [ɡɹ̠ɐːs] [ɡɹ̠ɑːs] [ɡɹ̠ɛəs] n
giya
(countable, uncountable) Any plant of the family Poaceae, characterized by leaves that arise from nodes in the stem and leaf bases that wrap around the stem, especially those grown as ground cover rather than for grain.
(uncountable, slang) Marijuana.
گیا
(uncountable) A lawn.

grasshopper /ɡɹæsˌhɒpə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɹæsˌhɑpəɹ/ /ˈɡɹɑːsˌhɒpə(ɹ)/ n
kulî
A mostly herbivorous insect of the order Orthoptera, noted for its ability to jump long distances and for the habit of some species communicating by stridulation; they are related to but distinct from crickets.

grateful /ˈɡɹeɪtfəl/ adj
ته‌قدیر
Appreciative; thankful.
(obsolete, or, archaic) Pleasing, welcome.

gratification /ˌɡɹætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
diyarî
A gratuity; a reward.

gratitude /ˈɡɹætɪt(j)ud/ n
spasî
The state of being grateful.

gratuitous /ɡɹəˈtjuː.ɪt.əs/ /ɡɹəˈtu.ɪt.əs/ adj
bedewa
Given freely; unearned.

grave /ɡɹeɪv/ /ɡɹɑːv/ adj
giran
Low in pitch, tone etc. [from 17th c.]

grave /ɡɹeɪv/ /ɡɹɑːv/ n
gor
(narrowly) An excavation in the earth as a place of burial.

graveyard /ˈɡɹeɪvˌjɑɹd/ n
قه‌برستان
A tract of land in which the dead are buried.

gravitation /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃən/ n
çivan
(physics) The fundamental force of attraction that exists between all matter in the universe, caused by the curvature of spacetime caused by matter. It is the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, and possesses a gauge boson known as the graviton.

gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/ n
erdkêşî
(physics) The force at the Earth's surface, of the attraction by the Earth's masses, and the centrifugal pseudo-force caused by the Earth's rotation, resulting from gravitation.
(loosely, see usage notes) Gravitation, the universal force exercised by two bodies onto each other.

gravy /ˈɡɹeɪvi/ n
kar
(uncountable, informal) Unearned gain; extra benefit.

gray /ɡɹeɪ/ adj
boz
Of a gray hue.
Of an indistinct, disputed or uncertain quality.

gray /ɡɹeɪ/ n
boz
An achromatic colour between black and white.

grayling n
sî
Any freshwater fish of the genus Thymallus or specifically Thymallus thymallus, of the salmon family, having a large dorsal fin.

grease /ɡɹis/ /ɡɹiz/ /ɡɹiːs/ n
don
Animal fat in a melted or soft state.
tawas
(by extension) Any oily or fatty matter.

great /ɡɹet/ /ɡɹiːt/ /ɡɹɛːt/ /ˈɡɹeɪt/ /ˈɡɹæɪt/ [ˈɡɹeːt] [ˈɡɹɛːt] adj
gewre
Important, consequential.
(applied to actions, thoughts and feelings) Arising from or possessing idealism; admirable; commanding; illustrious; eminent.
mezin
Doing or exemplifying (a characteristic or pursuit) on a large scale; active or enthusiastic.

great /ɡɹet/ /ɡɹiːt/ /ɡɹɛːt/ /ˈɡɹeɪt/ /ˈɡɹæɪt/ [ˈɡɹeːt] [ˈɡɹɛːt] n
dengdar
A person of major significance, accomplishment or acclaim.

great tit /ˈɡɹeɪt tɪt/ n
serreşe
A bird in the Paridae family, Parus major.

great-grandchild n
nevîçirk
The child (son or daughter) of one's grandchild.

great-granddaughter n
nevîçirk
The daughter of someone's grandchild.

great-grandfather n
باپیره‌ گه‌وره‌
The father of one's grandparent.

great-grandparent n
باپیره‌ گه‌وره‌
A parent of a grandparent; a grandparent of a parent.

great-grandson n
nevîçirk
A son of a grandchild.

greater /ˈɡɹeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɹeɪ.tɚ/ [ˈɡɹeɪ.ɾɚ] adj
gewre
(usually, capitalized) Used in referring to a region or place together with the surrounding area pertaining to it; (of a city) metropolitan.

green /ɡɹin/ /ɡɹiːn/ adj
kesk
Unripe, said of certain fruits that change color when they ripen.
(figurative) Inexperienced.
(figurative) Environmentally friendly.
(particle physics) Having a color charge of green.

green /ɡɹin/ /ɡɹiːn/ n
kesk
The colour of grass and leaves; a primary additive colour midway between yellow and cyan which is evoked by light between roughly roughly 495–570 nm.

green bean n
fasûlye
The immature pods of any kind of bean plant, eaten as a vegetable.

green woodpecker /ɡɹinˈwʊdpɛkə(ɹ)/ n
necarr
Any of species Picus viridis of European woodpeckers.

greengrocer /ˈɡɹinˌɡɹəʊs.ə(ɹ)/ n
zerzewatfiroş
(chiefly, British, AU, NZ, Irish) A person who sells fresh vegetables and fruit, normally from a relatively small shop.

greenhorn n
kewê ferxik
(chiefly, US) An inexperienced person; a novice, beginner or newcomer.

greet /ɡɹiːt/ v
standin
(transitive) To arrive at or reach, or meet.
(transitive) To accost; to address.

greeting /ˈɡɹiːtɪŋ/ n
saxlemî
A conventional phrase used to start a letter or conversation or otherwise to acknowledge a person's arrival or presence.

gregarious /ɡɹɪˈɡɛə.ɹɪ.əs/ /ɡɹɪˈɡɛɚ.i.əs/ adj
civakî
(of a person) Describing one who enjoys being in crowds and socializing.

grenade /ɡɹəˈneɪd/ n
hinar
A small explosive device, designed to be thrown by hand or launched using a rifle, grenade launcher, or rocket.

grenadier /ɡɹɛnəˈdɪə/ n
metran
(ornithology) Any of various African weaverbirds or waxbills, especially the common grenadier or the red bishop.

grey partridge n
kew
A game bird in the pheasant family, Perdix perdix.

grey wolf n
gur
A large canid, Canis lupus, once found throughout forested areas of northern Europe, Asia and America; it shares a common ancestry with the domestic dog.

greylag goose /ˌɡɹeɪlæɡ ˈɡuːs/ n
qaz
Anser anser, a goose found across much of the Palearctic.

grief /ɡɹiːf/ n
azar
Emotional pain, generally arising from misfortune, significant personal loss, bereavement, misconduct of oneself or others, etc.; sorrow; sadness. [from early 14th c.]

grieve /ɡɹiːv/ v
jê xwarin
(transitive) To feel very sad about; to mourn; to sorrow for.

griffon vulture /ˈɡɹɪfən ˈvʌlt͡ʃəɹ/ n
sîqalok
A large Old World vulture, Gyps fulvus, native to mountainous areas from Iberia to Burma.

grim /ɡɹɪm/ adj
req
Rigid and unrelenting.

grin /ɡɹɪn/ n
bişirîn
A smile in which the lips are parted to reveal the teeth.

grin /ɡɹɪn/ v
bişirîn
(intransitive) To smile, parting the lips so as to show the teeth.

grind /ˈɡɹaɪnd/ v
hêran
(transitive) To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion.

grinder /ɡɹaɪndə/ /ɡɹaɪndəɹ/ n
aş
A kitchen gadget for processing coffee, herbs etc. into small or powdered pieces.

griot /ˈɡɹi.oʊ/ n
wişne
A West African storyteller who passes on oral traditions; a wandering musician and poet.

gripe /ɡɹaɪp/ n
gazin
A complaint, often a petty or trivial one.

grizzly bear n
hirçên gewr
A large North American subspecies, Ursus arctos horribilis, of the brown bear.

groan /ɡɹoʊn/ /ɡɹəʊn/ n
axîn
A low, mournful sound uttered in pain or grief.

groin /ɡɹɔɪn/ n
berran
The crease or depression of the human body at the junction of the trunk and the thigh, together with the surrounding region.

grope /ɡɹoʊp/ /ɡɹəʊp/ v
kirin kefa destê xwe
(obsolete) To feel with or use the hands; to handle.
To search or attempt to find something in the dark, or, as a blind person, by feeling; to move about hesitatingly, as in darkness or obscurity; to feel one's way, as with the hands, when one can not see.
To touch (another person) closely and (especially) sexually.

grotesque /ɡɹoʊˈtɛsk/ /ɡɹəʊˈtɛsk/ adj
ecêb
Distorted and unnatural in shape or size; abnormal, especially in a hideous way.

grotto /ˈɡɹɑ.toʊ/ /ˈɡɹɒt.əʊ/ n
qefa
A small cave.
A local organization of cavers that typically organizes trips to caves and provides information and training for caving; a caving club.

ground /ɡɹaʊnd/ n
erd
Soil, earth.
(electricity, Canadian, and, US) An electrical conductor connected to the earth, or a large conductor whose electrical potential is taken as zero (such as a steel chassis).

group /ɡɹuːp/ n
kom
A number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.
(sports) A set of teams playing each other in the same division, while not during the same period playing any teams that belong to other sets in the division.

grovel v
hatin radan
(intransitive) To be slavishly nice to someone or apologize in the hope of securing something.

grow up v
gihaştin
(intransitive) To mature and become an adult.

grown-up adj
gewre
Adult, physically mature.

growth /ɡɹoʊθ/ /ɡɹəʊθ/ n
girbûn
An increase in size, number, value, or strength.
(biology) The act of growing, getting bigger or higher.

groyne /ɡɹɔɪn/ n
simbil
An often wooden structure that projects from a coastline to prevent erosion, longshore drift etc.; a breakwater.

grub /ɡɹʊb/ /ɡɹʌb/ n
qilêr

grubby /ˈɡɹʊbi/ /ˈɡɹʌbi/ adj
qilêr
Dirty, unwashed, unclean.

grumpy /ˈɡɹʌmpi/ adj
bêcir
Dissatisfied and irritable.

guaranty /ˈɡæɹənti/ n
sîgorta
An assurance or guarantee.

guard /ɡɑɹd/ /ɡɑːd/ n
gard
(sports) A player playing a position named guard.

guardian /ˈɡɑɹ.di.ən/ /ˈɡɑɹ.din/ /ˈɡɑː.dɪ.ən/ n
gard
Someone who guards, watches over, or protects.

guess /ɡɛs/ n
estimation
A prediction about the outcome of something, typically made without factual evidence or support.

guess /ɡɛs/ v
hizr kirin
(chiefly, US) to suppose, to imagine (introducing a proposition of uncertain plausibility).

guest /ɡɛst/ n
mêvan
A recipient of hospitality, especially someone staying by invitation at the house of another.
A patron or customer in a hotel etc.
An invited visitor or performer to an institution or to a broadcast.

guidance /ˈɡaɪdəns/ n
beralîkirin
Advice or counselling on some topic.

guild /ɡɪld/ n
bazirgan
A group or association mainly of tradespeople made up of merchants, craftspeople, or artisans for mutual aid, particularly in the Middle Ages.

guile /ɡaɪl/ v
xapandin
To deceive, beguile, bewile.

guillotine /ˈɡi(j)əˌtin/ /ˈɡɪlətiːn/ /ˈɡɪləˌtin/ /ˌɡiːjəˈtiːn/ /ˌɡɪləˈtiːn/ n
giyotin
(historical, also, figuratively) A machine used for the application of capital punishment by decapitation, consisting of a tall upright frame from which is suspended a heavy diagonal-edged blade which is dropped onto the neck of the person to be executed; also, execution using this machine.
A device used for cutting the pages of books, stacks of paper, etc., to straight edges, usually by means of a hinged or sliding blade attached to a flat platform.

guilt /ɡɪlt/ n
sûc
Responsibility for wrongdoing.

guitar /ɡɪˈtɑɹ/ /ɡɪˈtɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɪ.tɑɹ/ n
gîtar
(musical instrument) A stringed musical instrument, of European origin, usually with a fretted fingerboard and six strings, played with the fingers or a plectrum (guitar pick).

gules /ˈɡjulz/ /ˈɡjuːlz/ /ˈɡulz/ adj
sor
(tincture) In blazon, of the colour red.

gules /ˈɡjulz/ /ˈɡjuːlz/ /ˈɡulz/ n
sor
(tincture) Red, e.g. on a coat of arms, typically represented in engraving by vertical parallel lines.

gulf /ɡɒlf/ /ɡʌlf/ n
kendav
(geography) A portion of an ocean or sea extending into the land; a partially landlocked sea

gullet /ˈɡʌl.ət/ /ˈɡʌl.ɪt/ n
qirik
The throat or esophagus.

gum /ɡʌm/ n
pedû
(often, in the plural) The flesh around the teeth.
benîşt
(countable) A single piece of chewing gum.

gun /ɡʊn/ /ɡʌn/ n
tifek
A less portable, long firearm that fires bullets or projectiles; a rifle, either manual, automatic or semi-automatic; a flintlock, musket or shotgun.
(surfing) A long surfboard designed for surfing big waves (not the same as a longboard, a gun has a pointed nose and is generally a little narrower).

gunfire /ˈɡʌnfʌɪə/ n
agir
Shots from a gun or guns, typically creating loud report.
(chiefly, military) The use of gunpowder-type weapons, mainly cannon, as opposed to swords or bayonets.

gunshot n
rayeka navdêrî
The distance to which shot can be thrown from a gun; the reach or range of a gun.

gurgle /ˈɡɜː.ɡl̩/ /ˈɡɝ.ɡl̩/ v
fîrîn
To flow with a bubbling sound.

gust /ɡʌst/ n
gund
A strong, abrupt rush of wind.

gut /ɡʊt/ /ɡʌt/ n
rûvî
The alimentary canal, especially the intestine.

gut feeling n
dilbêjî
(idiomatic) An instinct or intuition; an immediate or basic feeling or reaction without a logical rationale.

guts /ɡʌts/ n
şorbehûr
The entrails or contents of the abdomen.
mîde
(by extension, informal) Courage; determination.

gutter /ˈɡʌt.ə/ /ˈɡʌt.ɚ/ /ˈɡʌt̬.ɚ/ n
co
A duct or channel beneath the eaves of a building to carry rain water; eavestrough.
(bowling) A groove down the sides of a bowling lane.

guttural /ˈɡʌtəɹəl/ [ˈɡʌɾɚɫ̩] adj
qirik
(medicine, anatomy) Of, relating to, or connected to the throat.

guy /ɡaɪ/ n
kur
(informal, term of address) Buster, Mack, fella, bud, man.

gymnasium /d͡ʒɪmˈneɪ.zi.əm/ n
lîse
A type of secondary school in some European countries which typically prepares students for university; grammar school, prep school

gynaecologist /ˌɡaɪ.nəˈkɑː.lə.dʒɪst/ /ˌɡaɪ.nəˈkɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ n
jînekolog
(Australia, British spelling, Commonwealth, dated in US) (Canadian spelling, also common) A physician who specialises in diseases of the female reproductive system.

gynecology /ˌdʒaɪnɪˈkɒlədʒi/ /ˌd͡ʒaɪnəˈkɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌɡaɪnəˈkɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌɡaɪnɪˈkɒlədʒi/ n
jînekolojî
The study of, or the branch of medicine specializing in, the medical problems of women, especially disorders of the reproductive organs.

hack /hæk/ v
birrîn
(transitive) To chop or cut down in a rough manner. [circa 12th c.]

hackberry n
tawî
The fruit of these plants.
(uncountable) The wood of these plants.

haddock /ˈhædək/ n
cure masiyek
A marine fish, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, of the North Atlantic, important as a food fish.

hadith [həˈdiːθ] n
hedîs
(countable, religion, Islam) An eyewitness account of a saying or action of Muhammad or sometimes one of his companions not otherwise found in the Quran.

haemophilia /ˌhiːməˈfɪliə, -ˈfiːliə/ n
hemofîlî
(British spelling, pathology) Any of several hereditary illnesses that impair the body's ability to control bleeding, usually passed from mother to son.

haemorrhoids /ˈhɛməɹɔɪdz/ /ˈhɛmɹɔɪdz/ n
hemoroîd
A pathological condition caused by painful masses of dilated veins in swollen anal tissue.

hafnium /ˈhæfniəm/ n
hafniyûm
A chemical element (symbol Hf) with an atomic number of 72: a lustrous, silvery-grey tetravalent transition metal.

hail /heɪl/ [heɪ̯ɫ] n
terg
(meteorology, uncountable) Balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation, often in connection with a thunderstorm.

hail from v
mişt
To be a native of, to come from, to originate from; to have as one's birth place or residence.

hail storm n
terg
A storm characterized by lots of large hail.

hair /heː/ /hɛ(ə)ɹ/ /hɛə/ /hɛːə/ [hiə] [hɛɚ] n
pirç porr
(uncountable) The collection or mass of such growths growing from the skin of humans and animals, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole body.

hairbrush n
شانه‌
A brush used in hair care for brushing, tidying, and detangling hair

hairdresser n
porrtiraş
A person who cuts or styles hair as an occupation or profession.

hairpin bend n
nal
An acute curve, often one of a series, in a road, especially on a steep incline.

hajj /hæd͡ʒ/ /hɑːd͡ʒ/ /hʌd͡ʒ/ n
hec
(Islam) The pilgrimage to Mecca made by pious Muslims; one of the five pillars of Islam.

half /haf/ /häf/ /hæf/ /hɐːf/ /hɑːf/ /hɛəf/ adj
nîv
Consisting of some indefinite portion resembling a half; approximately a half, whether more or less; partial; imperfect.

halite /ˈheɪ.laɪt/ /ˈhæl.aɪt/ n
xwêya kevir
(mineral) Native salt; sodium chloride NaCl as a mineral; rock salt.

halo /ˈheɪloʊ/ /ˈheɪləʊ/ n
hevşîk
A circular band of coloured light, visible around the sun or moon etc., caused by reflection and refraction of light by ice crystals in the atmosphere.
The metaphorical aura of glory, veneration or sentiment which surrounds an idealized entity.

halt /hɑlt/ /hɒlt/ /hɔlt/ /hɔːlt/ v
girtin
(transitive) To bring to a stop.
(transitive) To cause to discontinue.

hamlet /ˈhæm.lət/ /ˈhæm.lɪt/ n
gund
A small village or a group of houses.
(British) A village that does not have its own church.

hammer /ˈhæm.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈhæm.ɚ/ n
çakûç
A tool with a heavy head and a handle used for pounding.
(anatomy) The malleus, a small bone of the middle ear.

hammock /ˈhæmək/ /ˈhæmɪk/ n
tor
A swinging couch or bed, usually made of netting or canvas about six feet (1.8 meters) wide, suspended by clews or cords at the ends.

hamper /ˈhæm.pə/ /ˈhæm.pɚ/ n
zembîl
A large basket, usually with a cover, used for the packing and carrying of articles or small animals.

hand /hænd/ [heənd] [hɛənd] [hɛːnd] n
dest ده‌ست
The part of the forelimb below the forearm or wrist in a human, and the corresponding part in many other animals.
dest
(card games) The set of cards held by a player.

hand fan n
baweşînk
A hand-held device designed to be waved back and forth in order to induce airflow for the purpose of cooling the user.

hand in v
vegerandin
(transitive) To give something to a responsible person.

hand in hand /ˌhændɪnˈhænd/ adv
bi hev re
(figurative) Naturally, ordinarily or predictably together; commonly having a correlation or relationship.

hand job n
ka
(slang) The act of using the hands to stimulate another person's penis.

hand over v
dan
(transitive, idiomatic) To relinquish control or possession of something to someone.

handbag /ˈhæm.bəɡ/ /ˈhændˌbæɡ/ n
جانتا
(now, rare) A small bag carried in the hand, used either when travelling or to carry tools for a specific job. [from 19th c.]

handball n
hendbol
(uncountable) A team sport where two teams of seven players each (six players and a goalkeeper) pass and bounce a ball trying to throw it in the goal of the opposing team.

handful /ˈhæn(d)fəl/ /ˈhæn(d)fʊl/ n
bost
(obsolete) A hand's breadth; four inches.

handgun n
revolver
A small gun with a relatively short barrel, designed to be held and operated with a single hand.

handicap /ˈhændikæp/ n
berbest
(sports) An allowance of a certain amount of time or distance in starting, granted in a race (or other contest of skill) to the competitor possessing disadvantages; or an additional weight or other hindrance imposed upon the one possessing advantages, in order to equalize, as much as possible, the chances of success.
(sometimes considered offensive) The disadvantage itself, in particular physical or mental disadvantages of people.

handicraft /ˈhændɪkɹæft/ /ˈhændɪkɹɑːft/ n
pîşe
A trade requiring skill of hand; manual occupation; handcraft.

handkerchief /ˈheɪŋkɚt͡ʃɪf/ /ˈhæŋkətʃiːf/ /ˈhæŋkətʃɪf/ /ˈhæŋkɚt͡ʃɪf/ n
destmal
A piece of cloth, usually square and often fine and elegant, carried for wiping the face, eyes, nose or hands.

handle /ˈhæn.dl̩/ /ˈhɛən.dl̩/ n
destî
The part of an object which is (designed to be) held in the hand when used or moved.
amûr
An instrument for effecting a purpose (either literally or figuratively); a tool, or an opportunity or pretext.

handle /ˈhæn.dl̩/ /ˈhɛən.dl̩/ v
ده‌ست لێدان
(transitive) To touch; to feel or hold with the hand(s).

handlebar /ˈhændəlbɑː/ /ˈhændəlbɑːɹ/ n
gîdon
(mostly, in the plural) The bar used to steer a bicycle, motorbike, or similar vehicle using the hands.

hands down adv
bi asanî
(idiomatic) without much effort; easily

handsaw n
piçêxa
A saw small enough to be used by one hand.

handsome /ˈhæn.səm/ /ˈhænd.səm/ /ˈhænt.səm/ adj
lewend
Of a man or boy: attractively manly, having a pleasing face and overall effect.

handspan n
bost
The distance between the outstretched tips of the little finger and thumb when used as a unit of measurement.

handstand /ˈhændˌstænd/ n
balans
A movement or position in which a person is upside down, supported by their arms with their hands on the ground.

handwriting /ˈhændɹaɪtɪŋ/ n
pîroz
The act or process of writing done with the hand, rather than typed or word-processed.
Text that was written by hand.
The characteristic writing of a particular person.

handy /ˈhæn.di/ adj
dest
Nearby, within reach.

hang /hæŋ/ [heɪŋ] v
daliqandin
(intransitive, legal) To be executed by suspension by one's neck from a gallows, a tree, or other raised bar, attached by a rope tied into a noose.
(intransitive, informal) To loiter; to hang around; to spend time idly.
(transitive, chess) To cause (a piece) to become vulnerable to capture.
بوه‌سته‌
(transitive, computing) To cause (a program or computer) to stop responding.

hang up v
daliqandin
(transitive) To put up to hang.

hangover /ˈhæŋoʊvɚ/ /ˈhæŋəʊvə/ n
melûlî
Negative effects, such as headache or nausea, caused by previous drunkenness due to (excessive) consumption of alcohol.

hank /hæŋk/ n
siwar
(nautical) A ring or shackle that secures a staysail to its stay and allows the sail to glide smoothly up and down.

hanker /ˈhæŋkə(ɹ)/ v
xwestin
To crave, want or desire.

happen /ˈhæpən/ v
bûn
(transitive, archaic) To happen to; to befall.

happily /ˈhæp.ə.li/ adv
xweşbextane
With good will; in all happiness; willingly.

happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ /ˈhæpinɪs/ n
bextewerî
(uncountable) The emotion of being happy; joy.
şabûnî
(archaic, uncountable) prosperity, thriving, wellbeing.

happy /ˈhæpi/ adj
dilxweş
Having a feeling arising from a consciousness of well-being or of enjoyment; enjoying good of any kind, such as comfort, peace, or tranquillity; blissful, contented, joyous.
baş
Implying 'May you have a happy ~' or similar; used in phrases to wish someone happiness or good fortune at the time of a festival, celebration, or other event or activity.

happy New Year phraseologicalUnit
sala nû pîroz be
A wish said around the start of a new year to wish someone well for the New Year (holiday) or for the (entire) new year.

happy birthday /ˈhæp.i ˈbɜːθ.deɪ/ /ˈhæp.i ˈbɝθˌdeɪ/ interjection
rojbûna te pîroz
Said or written to a person who is celebrating their birthday in order to convey the good wishes of the speaker or writer (literally, "may you have a happy birthday")

harbor /ˈhɑɹbəɹ/ /ˈhɑɹbɚ/ /ˈhɑːbə/ n
gemîgeh
(countable, nautical) A sheltered expanse of water, adjacent to land, in which ships may anchor or dock, especially for loading and unloading.

hard /hɑɹd/ /hɑːd/ adj
ceza
(of drink or drugs) Strong.
قورس
Difficult or requiring a lot of effort to do, understand, experience, or deal with.

hard-and-fast adj
قایم
(idiomatic, of rules, etc) strictly maintained; not subject to variation

hard-boiled adj
xav
Callous and unsentimental. (of a person, especially a detective)

hardware /ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/ /ˈhɑːdˌwɛə/ n
hişkalav
(computing) The part of a computer that is fixed and cannot be altered without replacement or physical modification; motherboard, expansion cards, etc. Compare software.

hardworking adj
xebathez
Of a person, taking their work seriously and doing it well and rapidly.

hare /hɛə/ /hɛɚ/ /hɛː/ n
kevroşk
(uncountable) The meat from this animal.

harm /hɑɹm/ /hɑːm/ n
xirabî
That which causes injury, damage, or loss.

harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/ /ˈhɑːmfl̩/ adj
bizerar
Causing or likely to cause harm or damage; injurious.

harmless /ˈhɑɹmləs/ /ˈhɑːmləs/ adj
bêxisar
Incapable of causing harm or danger; safe.

harmonious /hɑɹˈmoʊni.əs/ /hɑːˈməʊni.əs/ adj
ahengdar
Showing accord in feeling or action.

harmony /ˈhɑɹ.mə.ni/ /ˈhɑː.mə.ni/ n
armonî
A pleasing combination of elements, or arrangement of sounds.
(music) The academic study of chords.
(music) Two or more notes played simultaneously to produce a chord.

harness saddle n
kurtan
The part of a harness which supports the weight of poles or shafts attaching a vehicle to a horse or other animal.

harvest /ˈhaːvəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vɪst/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)vəst/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)vɪst/ n
dexil
The yield of harvesting, i.e., the gathered crops or fruits.
(by extension) The product or result of any exertion or course of action; reward or consequences.
The season of gathering ripened crops; specifically, the time of reaping and gathering grain.

harvest /ˈhaːvəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vɪst/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)vəst/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)vɪst/ v
kevçe
(transitive) To bring in a harvest; reap; glean.
(intransitive) To be occupied bringing in a harvest.
(transitive) To win, achieve a gain.

hash /ˈhæʃ/ n
çarçik
(typography) The # symbol (octothorpe, pound).

hash /ˈhæʃ/ v
hûr kirin
(transitive) To chop into small pieces, to make into a hash.

hashish /hæˈʃiːʃ/ /həˈʃiːʃ/ /ˈhæʃɪʃ/ n
xaşxaşik
The leaves and tender parts of the Indian hemp plant (which are intoxicating), which are dried for either chewing or smoking.

hassium /ˈhæsiəm/ n
hasiyûm hassiyûm
An artificially-produced transuranic chemical element (symbol Hs) with atomic number 108.

hastiness n
lezgîntî
The characteristic of being hasty.

hasty /ˈheɪsti/ adj
lezgîn
Acting in haste; being too hurried or quick

hat /hæt/ [hat] [hɛt] n
kelaw
A covering for the head, often in the approximate form of a cone, dome or cylinder closed at its top end, and sometimes having a brim and other decoration.
(Cambridge University slang, obsolete) A student who is also the son of a nobleman (and so allowed to wear a hat instead of a mortarboard).

hatch /hæt͡ʃ/ v
گه‌شانه‌وه‌
(intransitive, of young animals) To emerge from an egg.
(intransitive, of eggs) To break open when a young animal emerges from it.

hatchet /ˈhæt͡ʃɪt/ n
nalcax
A small, light axe with a short handle; a tomahawk.

hatred /ˈheɪtɹɪd/ n
قین
Strong aversion; intense dislike.

hats off interjection
kelaw
(idiom, as imperative, with to) Congratulations

haulage /hɔːləd͡ʒ/ /ˈhɑlədʒ/ n
hilgirtin
The act of hauling.

hauler n
باربه‌ر
A person or thing that hauls another person or thing.

have /heɪv/ /hæf/ /hæv/ /həv/ /ə/ /əv/ v
hebûn
(transitive) To possess, own.
(transitive) To be scheduled to attend, undertake or participate in.
(transitive) To be afflicted with, suffer from.
(transitive) To give birth to.
(transitive) To engage in sexual intercourse with.
(transitive with adjective or adjective-phrase complement) To cause to be.
(dated, outside, Ireland, transitive) To be able to speak (a language).
(informal, often passive, transitive) To trick, to deceive.
(transitive) To host someone; to take in as a guest.
bûn
(auxiliary verb, taking a past participle) Used in forming the perfect aspect.

have a seat v
daniştin
To sit down; to take a seat.

have to /ˈhæf.tu/ /ˈhæf.tə/ /ˈhæv.tuː/ v
hebûn
Must; need to; to be urged to; to be required to; indicates obligation.

haven /ˈheɪvən/ n
gemîgeh
(slightly, dated) A harbour or anchorage protected from the sea.

hawk /hɑk/ /hɔk/ /hɔːk/ n
atemce
(politics) An advocate of aggressive political positions and actions. [from 1962]

hawk /hɑk/ /hɔk/ /hɔːk/ v
firotin
(transitive) To sell; to offer for sale by outcry in the street; to carry (merchandise) about from place to place for sale; to peddle.

hawthorn /ˈhɔ.θɔɹn/ /ˈhɔː.θɔːn/ n
guhîj
Any of various shrubs and small trees of the genus Crataegus having small, apple-like fruits and thorny branches

hazard /ˈhaz.əd/ /ˈhæ.zɚd/ n
berbest
(golf) A sand or water obstacle on a golf course.

hazard /ˈhaz.əd/ /ˈhæ.zɚd/ v
dan ber çavê xwe
To expose to chance; to take a risk.

hazardous /-dəs/ /ˈhæ.zɚ.dɪs/ adj
talûke
Risky; dangerous; with the nature of a hazard.
Of or involving chance.

haze /heɪz/ n
mij
(figuratively) Any state suggestive of haze in the atmosphere, such as mental confusion or vagueness of memory.

hazel /ˈheɪzəl/ adj
findiq
Of a greenish-brown colour. (often used to refer to eye colour)

hazel /ˈheɪzəl/ n
findiq
(countable, and, uncountable) A greenish-brown colour, the colour of a ripe hazelnut.

hazelnut /ˈheɪzəlnʌt/ /ˈheɪzəlˌnʌt/ n
bindeq
The fruit of the hazel, especially Corylus avellana, which is grown commercially.

he /hi/ /i/ /ˈhiː/ [hi] [çi] pronoun
ew
(personal, sometimes, _, proscribed, see usage notes) They; he or she (a person whose gender is unknown or irrelevant).

he- prefix
ew
Indicating a male, usually of an animal.

he-ass n
ker
A male ass, male donkey.

he-cat n
pisîk
A male cat; a tomcat.

head /ˈhɛd/ adj
ser
Of, relating to, or intended for the head.

head /ˈhɛd/ n
ser
(countable) The part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth, and main sense organs.
The end of a hammer, axe, golf club, or similar implement used for striking other objects.
(metonymy) Leader; chief; mastermind.
The source of a river; the end of a lake where a river flows into it.

head of state n
serokdewlet
The chief public representative of a nation having duties, privileges and responsibilities varying greatly depending on the constitutional rules; a monarch in a monarchy, and often styled president in a republic, but variations such as collegiality exist.

headache /ˈhɛdeɪk/ n
serêş
A pain or ache in the head.
(figurative) A nuisance or unpleasant problem.

headbutt /ˈhɛdbʌt/ n
ser
A sharp blow delivered by driving the head into an opponent or object, generally by lowering the head and charging forward or by rapidly tilting the head backward and then forward.

header /ˈhɛdə/ /ˈhɛdɚ/ n
kelaw
Text, or other visual information, used to mark off a quantity of text, often titling or summarizing it.
ser
(soccer) The act of hitting the ball with the head.

headless /ˈhɛdləs/ adj
ser
Without a head (body part).

headlight n
fanûsgeh
A bright light, with a lens and reflector, on the front of a motor vehicle (or originally a ship or train), designed to illuminate the road when driving at night; normally one of a pair.

headquarters /ˈhɛd.ˌkwɔɹ.tɚz/ /ˌhɛd.ˈkwɔː.təz/ n
تینو
The center of an organization's operations or administration.

heads /hɛdz/ n
rû
The side of a coin that bears the picture of the head of state or similar.

headscarf n
kevînk
A more or less square piece of material worn over the head, typically by women, often to protect the hair, or for religious reasons.

headstock n
dest
The part of a lute-type string instrument, such as a guitar, that holds the tuning pegs or tensioning screws of the strings.

headway n
bipêşveçûn
(uncountable, figuratively) Progress toward a goal.

health /hɛlθ/ [hɛl̪θ] n
saxlemî
The state of being free from physical or psychological disease, illness, or malfunction; wellness. [from 11th c.]
Physical condition.

healthy /ˈhɛl.θi/ adj
tendurist
Enjoying good health; well; free from disease or disorder.

heap /heːp/ /hiːp/ n
baterî
A pile or mass; a collection of things laid in a body, or thrown together so as to form an elevation.
(computing) A data structure consisting of trees in which each node is greater than all its children.

hear /hjɜː/ /hɪə(ɹ)/ /hɪɚ/ v
bîstin guh lê bûn
(transitive, stative) To perceive (a sound, or something producing a sound) with the ear, to recognize (something) in an auditory way. [from 10th c.]

heart /hɑɹt/ /hɑːt/ n
dil qelb
(anatomy) A muscular organ that pumps blood through the body, traditionally thought to be the seat of emotion.
The seat of the affections or sensibilities, collectively or separately, as love, hate, joy, grief, courage, etc.; rarely, the seat of the understanding or will; usually in a good sense; personality.
A conventional shape or symbol used to represent the heart, love, or emotion: ♥.
(figurative) The centre, essence, or core.

heartache /ˈhɑːteɪk/ n
janedil
Very sincere and difficult emotional problems or stress.

heartbeat /ˈhɑɹtˌbit/ /ˈhɑːtˌbiːt/ [ˈhɑɹʔbiʔ] n
rîtm
The rhythm at which a heart pulsates, a cardiac indicator.

hearth /hæθ/ /hɑɹθ/ /hɑːθ/ /hɜːɹθ/ n
rêbendan
A hearthstone, either as standalone or as the floor of an enclosed fireplace or oven.
(figurative) Home or family life.

heartland /-lænd/ /-ˌlænd/ /ˈhɑɹtlənd/ /ˈhɑːtlənd/ n
dil
The interior part of a region, especially when contrasted with coastal parts or when regarded as particularly powerful or significant.

hearts /hɑɹts/ /hɑːts/ n
dil
(card games) One of the four suits of playing cards, in red, marked with the symbol ♥.

heat /hit/ /hiːt/ [çit] n
germahî
(uncountable) Thermal energy.

heater /ˈhitɚ/ /ˈhiːtə/ n
patin
A device that produces and radiates heat, typically to raise the temperature of a room or building.

heath /hiːθ/ n
şafir
A tract of level uncultivated land with sandy soil and scrubby vegetation; heathland.

heatwave n
germepêl
A period of very hot weather.

heaven /ˈhɛvən/ n
به‌هه‌شت
The sky, specifically:
(Christianity, usually capitalized) The abode of God and of the angels and saints in His presence.
(religion, by extension, often capitalized) The afterlife of the blessed dead in other religions and traditions, such as the Pure Land or Elysium.
asîman
(by extension) Any paradise; any blissful place or experience.

heavens /ˈhɛvənz/ n
asîman
(often with 'the') The distant sky of the sun, moon, and stars.
(religion) : the abode of God or the gods; the abode of the blessed departed.
(rare) : the near sky of the weather, etc.

heavy /ˈhev.i/ /ˈhɛv.i/ adj
dijwar
(of a physical object) Having great weight.
(of a topic) Serious, somber.
(of weather) Hot and humid.

heavy metal /ˈhɛv.i ˌmɛt.əl/ n
lajwerd
(music genre, uncountable) A genre descended from rock music, characterized by the use of emphatic drumbeats, highly amplified distortion, and overall loudness; often featuring extended instrumental solos and powerful vocals.

hedge /hɛd͡ʒ/ n
çeper
A thicket of bushes or other shrubbery, especially one planted as a fence between two portions of land, or to separate the parts of a garden.

hedgehog /ˈhɛd͡ʒ.hɒɡ/ /ˈhɛd͡ʒ.hɔɡ/ n
jûjî
A small mammal, of the family Erinaceidae or subfamily Erinaceinae (spiny hedgehogs, the latter characterized by their spiny back and often by the habit of rolling up into a ball when attacked.)
(US) Any of several spiny mammals, such as the porcupine, that are similar to the hedgehog.
(military) Ellipsis of Czech hedgehog: an antitank obstacle constructed from three steel rails.

heedless /ˈhiːdləs/ adj
bêbal
Unaware; without noticing; careless; inattentive.

heel /hiːl/ n
hesp
(anatomy) The rear part of the foot, where it joins the leg.

hefty /ˈhɛfti/ adj
karîzmatîk
with heft; heavy, strong, vigorous, mighty, impressive
bidestûpê
Strong; bulky.
dijwar
Heavy, weighing a lot.

hegemony /hɪˈd͡ʒɛm.ə.ni/ /hɪˈɡɛm.ə.ni/ /ˈhɛd͡ʒ.ə.moʊ.ni/ n
hegemonî
(formal) Domination, influence, or authority over another, especially by one political group over a society or by one nation over others.

heifer /ˈhɛfə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛfɚ/ n
çêl
(informal, pejorative) A cow as in an unattractive or unpleasant woman.

helicopter /ˈheliˌkɔptə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛl.iˌkɒp.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛl.ɪˌkɒp.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptɚ/ n
babirok
(aviation) An aircraft that is borne along by one or more sets of long rotating blades which allow it to hover, move in any direction including reverse, or land; and typically having a smaller set of blades on its tail to stabilize the aircraft.

helium /ˈhiː.li.əm/ n
hêlyûm helyûm
(uncountable) The second lightest chemical element (symbol He) with an atomic number of 2 and atomic weight of 4.002602, a colorless, odorless and inert noble gas.

hell /hɛl/ n
جه‌هه‌نه‌م
(countable, hyperbole, figuratively) A place or situation of great suffering in life.

hell /hɛl/ pn
جه‌هه‌نه‌م
(in many religions, uncountable) A place of torment where some or all sinners and evil spirits are believed to go after death.

hello /həˈloʊ/ /həˈloː/ /həˈləʉ/ /həˈləʊ/ /hɛˈloʊ/ /hɛˈloː/ /hɛˈləʊ/ /ˈhɛlo/ /ˈhɛloʊ/ /ˈhɛloː/ interjection
Roj baş
A greeting (salutation) said when meeting someone or acknowledging someone’s arrival or presence.
سلاو
A greeting used when answering the telephone.

help /hɛlp/ /hɛp/ interjection
hewar
A cry of distress or an urgent request for assistance

help /hɛlp/ /hɛp/ n
alîkarî
(uncountable) Action given to provide assistance; aid.
(usually, uncountable) One or more people employed to help in the maintenance of a house or the operation of a farm or enterprise.

help /hɛlp/ /hɛp/ v
alîkarî kirin
(transitive) To provide assistance to (someone or something).

helper /ˈhɛlpɚ/ n
alîkar
One who helps; an aide; assistant; auxiliary.

helpful /ˈhɛlp.fəl/ /ˈhɛlp.fʊl/ adj
biavantaj
Furnishing help; giving aid; useful.

helpless /ˈhɛlplɪs/ adj
neçar
Unable to defend oneself.

hemicrania n
mîgren
(pathology) A headache affecting one side of the head.

hemoglobin /ˈhiməˌɡloʊbɪn/ /ˌhimoʊˈɡloʊbɪn/ /ˌhiːmə(ʊ)ˈɡləʊbɪn/ n
hemoglobîn
(American spelling) The iron-containing substance in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body; it consists of a protein (globulin), and haem (a porphyrin ring with an atom of iron at its centre).

hemorrhage /ˈhɛm(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
xwînjiberçûn
A heavy release of blood within or from the body.

hemorrhoid /ˈhɛməɹɔɪd/ /ˈhɛmɹɔɪd/ n
hemoroîd
(pathology, often, in the plural) An engorged, dilated and easily broken varicosity in the perianal area, often accompanied by intense itching and throbbing pain: piles.

hen /hɛn/ n
mir
A female chicken (Gallus gallus), particularly a sexually mature one kept for her eggs.
A female of other bird species, particularly a sexually mature female fowl.
bûk
(figuratively) A woman.
(figuratively, pejorative, uncommon) A henlike person of either sex.

hen pigeon n
کۆتر
A female pigeon.

henceforth /hɛnsˈfɔɹθ/ adv
ji niha û pê ve
(formal, temporal) From now on; from this time on.

hepatic /həˈpætɪk/ /hɪˈpætɪk/ adj
جه‌رگ
Of or relating to the liver.

her /ə(ɹ)/ /ɚ/ /ˈhɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈhɝ/ pronoun
ew
The form of she used after a preposition, as the object of a verb, or (colloquial) as a subject with a conjunction; that woman, that ship, etc.

herald /ˈhɛɹəld/ n
hewalnêr
A messenger, especially one bringing important news.
A harbinger, giving signs of things to come.

herald /ˈhɛɹəld/ v
agahdar kirin
(transitive) To proclaim or announce an event.

heraldry /ˈhɛɹ.əl.dɹi/ n
armenasî
(uncountable) The profession or art of devising, granting and blazoning coats of arms, tracing genealogies and ruling on questions of protocol or rank.

herb /(h)ɝb/ /h/ /hɜːb/ n
giya
(countable) Any green, leafy plant, or parts thereof, used to flavour or season food.
(countable) A plant whose roots, leaves or seeds, etc. are used in medicine.
(uncountable, slang) Cannabis.

herbivorous /(h)ɜːɹˈbɪvəɹəs/ adj
giyaxur
Feeding chiefly on plants.

herd /hɚd/ /hɜːd/ n
kerî
A number of domestic animals assembled together under the watch or ownership of a keeper. [from 11th c.]
Any collection of animals gathered or travelling in a company. [from 13th c.]
şîvan
(now, rare) Someone who keeps a group of domestic animals.

herdsman n
gard
A person who tends livestock, especially cows and sheep; especially, the foreman among a group of such farmworkers, usually with more knowledge and experience.

here /hiːɹ/ /hjɜː/ /hɪə̯(ɹ)/ /hɪə̯/ /hɪɚ̯/ /hɪɹ/ /hɪː(ɹ)/ /hɪː/ /ˈhiː.ə/ adv
vir
(location) In, on, or at this place.

here /hiːɹ/ /hjɜː/ /hɪə̯(ɹ)/ /hɪə̯/ /hɪɚ̯/ /hɪɹ/ /hɪː(ɹ)/ /hɪː/ /ˈhiː.ə/ n
vir

here you are phraseologicalUnit
a
(idiomatic) Said when handing something over to someone or doing a favour to them, usually to draw the recipient's attention to the exchange; equivalent to “thank you” when receiving something.

hereinafter /ˈhɪəɹɪnˈɑːftə/ /ˈhɪɹɪnˈæftɚ/ adv
ji niha û pê ve
In the parts of this document, statement, or book that follow; after this

heritage /ˈhɛɹ.ɪ.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
bastan
A tradition; a practice or set of values that is passed down from preceding generations through families or through institutional memory.

hero /ˈhiɹ.oʊ/ /ˈhɛɹ.oʊ/ /ˈhɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈhɪɹ.oʊ/ [ˈhɪə.ɹəʊ~ˈçɪə.ɹəʊ] n
qehreman
Somebody who possesses great bravery and carries out extraordinary or noble deeds.
The protagonist in a work of fiction.

heroin /ˈhɛɹoʊ.ɪn/ n
hesp
A powerful and addictive drug derived from opium producing intense euphoria, classed as an illegal narcotic in most of the world. [from late 19th century]

heron /ˈhɛɹən/ n
masîxwer
Any long-legged, long-necked wading bird of the family Ardeidae.

heterophobia n
heterofobî
Fear or resentment of heterosexuals or heterosexuality.

heterosexuality n
heteroseksuelî
The state of being sexually and romantically attracted primarily or exclusively to persons of the opposite sex.
Sexual activity with a person of the opposite sex.

hexagon /ˈhɛk.sə.ɡɑn/ /ˈhɛk.sə.ɡən/ n
şeşgoşe
(geometry) A polygon with six sides and six angles.

hey /heɪ/ interjection
سلاو
(mostly, US) An informal greeting, similar to hi.
A meaningless beat marker or extra, filler syllable in song lyrics.

hi /haɪ/ [haɪ̯] interjection
Roj baş
A friendly, informal, casual greeting said upon someone's arrival.

hide /haɪd/ v
veşartin
(transitive) To put (something) in a place where it will be harder to discover or out of sight.

hidebound /ˈhaɪd.baʊnd/ adj
tênegihîştî
(figurative, of a person) Stubborn; narrow-minded; inflexible.

hideous /ˈhɪd.i.əs/ adj
kirêt
Extremely or shockingly ugly.

high /ˈhaɪ/ [haɪ̯] adj
bilind
Physically elevated, extending above a base or average level:
Relatively elevated; rising or raised above the average or normal level from which elevation is measured.
Very elevated; extending or being far above a base; tall; lofty.

high jump n
xwehilavêtina bilind
(uncountable) An athletics event where a competitor must jump over a bar placed gradually higher and higher.

high-handed adj
siwar
Using power or authority without proper consideration for the feelings or rights of others.

high-rise n
apartman
A tall building, one consisting of many storeys.

highland /ˈhaɪ.lənd/ /ˈhaɪ.lɪnd/ n
گرد
A high area; land that is higher than surrounding areas.

highlight /ˈhaɪ.ˌlaɪt/ n
ronahî
(cosmetology) A strand or spot of hair dyed a different color than the rest.

hight /haɪt/ v
gotin

highway /ˈhaɪweɪ/ n
otorê
A main public road, especially a multi-lane, high-speed thoroughfare.

hijab /hɪˈd͡ʒæb/ /hɪˈd͡ʒɑːb/ n
çarşev
(countable) A traditional headscarf worn by Muslim women, covering the hair and neck.

hike /haɪk/ n
meshyan
A long walk, usually for pleasure or exercise. [from c. 1900]

hill /hɪl/ [hɪo̯] [hɪɫ] [hɪʊ̯] n
gird
An elevated landmass smaller than a mountain.

hillbilly /ˈhɪlˌbɪli/ n
gundi
(often, _, pejorative) Someone who is from the hills; especially from a rural area, with a connotation of a lack of refinement or sophistication.

hillock /ˈhɪl.ək/ n
qoqiz
A small hill.

himself /hɪmˈsɛlf/ /ɪ̈msɛlf/ pronoun
hev
(reflexive pronoun) Him; the male object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject
xwe
(emphatic) He; used as an intensifier, often to emphasize that the referent is the exclusive participant in the predicate

hind /haɪnd/ adj
qûn
Located at the rear (most often said of animals' body parts).

hinder /ˈhaɪn.də/ /ˈhaɪn.dɚ/ adj
qûn
of or belonging to that part in the rear

hinder /ˈhaɪn.də/ /ˈhaɪn.dɚ/ n
qûn
(slang, euphemistic) The buttocks.

hippopotamus /hɪ.po.poˈta.mʊs/ /hɪ.poˈpo.ta.mʊs/ /ˌhi.po.ˈpo.te.mɔs/ /ˌhi.po̞.po̞.ˈte̞ː.mo̞s/ /ˌhɪp.əˈpɑ.tə.məs/ /ˌhɪp.əˈpɒt.ə.məs/ [ˌhɪp.əˈpɑ.ɾə.məs] n
hespê avê
A large, semi-aquatic, herbivorous (plant-eating) African mammal (Hippopotamus amphibius; common hippopotamus).

hire /haɪə/ /haɪɹ/ /ˈhaɪ.ə/ /ˈhaɪ.ɚ/ v
کرێ گرتن
(transitive) To obtain the services of in return for fixed payment.

his /əz/ /ɪ̈z/ /ˈhɘz/ /ˈhɪz/ determiner
bûn
Belonging to him. [from 8th c.]

historian /hɪˈstɑɹi.ən/ /hɪˈstɔəɹɪən/ /hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/ /hɪˈstɔːɹɪən/ n
dîroknas
A writer of history; a chronicler; an annalist.
One who studies or researches history.

historical /hɪˈstɑɹɪkəl/ /hɪˈstɒɹɪkəl/ /hɪˈstɔɹɪkəl/ adj
dîrokî
(uncommon) Synonym of historic: important or likely to be important to history and historians.

history /ˈhɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ /ˈhɪs.tɹɪ/ n
dîrok
The aggregate of past events.
The branch of knowledge that studies the past; the assessment of notable events.

hit /hɪt/ v
daketin
(transitive, slang) To kill a person, usually on the instructions of a third party.
gemişandin
(transitive) To administer a blow to, directly or with a weapon or missile.
bale kirin
(transitive) To manage to touch (a target) in the right place.

hit on v
hilawisîn
(transitive, slang) To flirt with; to approach and speak to (someone), seeking romance, love, sex, etc.

hither /ˈhɪðə/ /ˈhɪðɚ/ adv
vir
(literary, or, archaic) To this place, to here.

hoar frost /ˈhoɹ ˌfɹɑst/ /ˈhɔː fɹɒst/ n
xûsik
(specifically, meteorology) Water vapour which has undergone deposition or desublimation when the air is cold and moist to form a white deposit on exposed surfaces.

hoard /ho(ː)ɹd/ /hoəd/ /hɔɹd/ /hɔːd/ n
gencîne
(archaeology) A cache of valuable objects or artefacts; a trove.

hoary /hɔɹ.i/ /hɔː.ɹi/ adj
spî
White or grey with age.

hoax /hoʊks/ /həʊks/ v
xapandin
(transitive) To deceive (someone) by making them believe something that has been maliciously or mischievously fabricated.

hob /hɑb/ /hɒb/ n
bizmar
A rounded peg used as a target in several games, especially in quoits.

hobble /ˈhɒbəl/ n
kostek
(mostly, in the plural) One of the short straps tied between the legs of unfenced horses, allowing them to wander short distances but preventing them from running off.

hobby /ˈhɑ.bi/ /ˈhɒ.bi/ n
mijûlahî
An activity that one enjoys doing in one's spare time.

hodja n
xoce
A Muslim schoolmaster.

hog /hɑɡ/ /hɒɡ/ /hɔɡ/ n
beraz
Any animal belonging to the Suidae family of mammals, especially the pig, the warthog, and the boar.

hog /hɑɡ/ /hɒɡ/ /hɔɡ/ v
mêjîn
(transitive, informal) To greedily take more than one's share, to take precedence at the expense of another or others.

hoist /hɔɪst/ v
hilanîn
(transitive) To raise; to lift; to elevate (especially, to raise or lift to a desired elevation, by means of tackle or pulley, said of a sail, a flag, a heavy package or weight).

hold /hoʊld/ /həʊld/ [hoəɫd] [həʊɫd] v
hebûn
(transitive) To impose restraint upon; to limit in motion or action; to bind legally or morally; to confine; to restrain.
To maintain in being or action; to carry on; to prosecute, as a course of conduct or an argument; to continue; to sustain.

hold up v
sekinîn
(intransitive, informal) To wait or delay.
(idiomatic) To withstand; to stand up to; to survive.

holder /ˈhoʊɫdɚ/ /ˈhəʊldə/ n
باربه‌ر
A person who temporarily or permanently possesses something.

hole /hoʊl/ /hɐʉl/ /həʊl/ [hoɫ] [hɔʊɫ] n
kun
A hollow place or cavity; an excavation; a pit; a dent; a depression; a fissure.
An opening that goes all the way through a solid body, a fabric, etc.; a perforation; a rent.
(stud poker) A card (also called a hole card) dealt face down thus unknown to all but its holder; the status in which such a card is.
(golf) A subsurface standard-size hole, also called cup, hitting the ball into which is the object of play. Each hole, of which there are usually eighteen as the standard on a full course, is located on a prepared surface, called the green, of a particular type grass.
(physics) In semiconductors, a lack of an electron in an occupied band behaving like a positively charged particle.
(slang) Any bodily orifice, in particular the anus.

holiday /ˈhɑləˌdeɪ/ /ˈhɒlɪdeɪ/ /ˈhɒlɪdɪ/ n
cejn
A day on which a festival, religious event, or national celebration is traditionally observed.

hollow /ˈhɑ.loʊ/ /ˈhɑlɚ/ /ˈhɒl.əʊ/ adj
vala
(of something solid) Having an empty space or cavity inside.
به‌تاڵ
(figuratively) Without substance; having no real or significant worth; meaningless.

holy /ˈhoʊli/ /ˈhəʊli/ adj
pîroz
Dedicated to a religious purpose or a god.
Revered in a religion.
Morally perfect or flawless, or nearly so.
Set apart or dedicated for a specific purpose, or for use by a single entity or person.

home /hoʊm/ /həʊm/ n
xanî
One’s own dwelling place; the house or structure in which one lives; especially the house in which one lives with one's family; the habitual abode of one’s family.
The place (residence, settlement, country, etc.), where a person was born and/or raised; childhood or parental home; home of one’s parents or guardian.
erd
One’s native land; the place or country in which one dwells; the place where one’s ancestors dwell or dwelt.
niştiman
The locality where a thing is usually found, or was first found, or where it is naturally abundant; habitat; seat.

home page /ˈhoʊmpeɪdʒ/ /ˈhəʊmpeɪdʒ/ n
malper
The main or first page of a website or set of hyperlinked documents.

homeland /ˈhoʊmˌlænd/ /ˈhoʊmˌlənd/ n
niştiman
The country that one regards as home.

homelessness n
bêmalî
The state of being homeless.

homemaker n
kevanî
(US) A person who maintains the administration and upkeep of his or her residence, especially one who is not employed outside the home; one who runs the household.

homework /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/ /ˈhəʊmˌwɜːk/ n
miqale
(literally, now, _, rare) Any work that is done at home; housework.

homie /ˈhoʊmi/ /ˈhəʊmi/ n
heval
(African-American Vernacular) Someone, particularly a friend or male acquaintance, from one's hometown.
(African-American Vernacular) A close friend or fellow member of a youth gang.

homologate /hoʊˈmɑləɡeɪt/ /həˈmɑləɡeɪt/ /həˈmɒləɡeɪt/ v
qebûl kirin
(transitive) To confirm, ratify or approve, especially officially or legally.

homophobia /ˌhɒ.məˈfəʊ.bi.ə/ /ˌhəʊ.məˈfəʊ.bi.ə/ n
homofobî
Hatred, fear, dislike of, or prejudice against homosexuals.

homophone /ˈhɑməfoʊ̯n/ /ˈhɒməfəʊ̯n/ /ˈhɔməfoʊ̯n/ n
homofon
(semantics) A word which is pronounced the same as another word but differs in spelling or meaning or origin.

homosexual /ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhoʊməˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ adj
homoseksûel
(of a person or other animal, formal, distancing, or, dated) Sexually and/or romantically attracted to members of the same sex, such as a man who is attracted to men or a woman who is attracted to women; gay. (Typically used in the sense of sole/exclusive attraction.)

homosexual /ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhoʊməˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛkʃuːəl/ n
homoseksûel
(typically, formal, distancing, or, dated) A person who is sexually attracted solely or primarily to others of the same sex.

homosexuality /ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈælɪti/ /ˌhoʊməˌsɛkʃuˈælɪti/ /ˌhɒmə(ʊ)-/ /ˌhəʊmə(ʊ)sɛkʃʊˈælɪti/ /ˌhəʊmə(ʊ)ˌsɛksjʊˈælɪti/ n
homoseksûalîte homoseksuelî
Sexual activity with a person of the same sex, sometimes (potentially, _, offensive) restricted to same-sex sex between males. [1897]

honey /ˈhʌni/ n
hingiv hingivîn
(uncountable) A viscous, gold-coloured sweet fluid produced from plant nectar by bees, and often consumed by humans.

honey bee n
mêşhingiv
Any of seven species of bee, in genus Apis, often kept commercially for honey, beeswax, and pollination of crops.

honeycomb /ˈhʌnikəʊm/ /ˈhʌniˌkoʊm/ n
sipil
(uncountable) A substance made by bees (clade Anthophila) primarily from beeswax which has hexagonal cells to hold their larvae, and for storing pollen and honey to feed the larvae and themselves when other food is scarce; it is also eaten by humans as part of comb-honey; (countable) a single sheet made up of two layers of this substance.

honk /hɑŋk/ /hɒŋk/ /hɔŋk/ n
totîk
The harsh note produced by a typical car horn.

honk /hɑŋk/ /hɒŋk/ /hɔŋk/ v
گریان
(transitive, intransitive) To use a car horn.

honor /ˈɑ.nɚ/ /ˈɒn.ə/ /ˈɔn.ə/ n
namûs
(countable) A token of praise or respect; something that represents praiseworthiness or respect, such as a prize or award given by the state to a citizen.

hoo-ha /ˈhuːˌhɑː/ n
kerxane
A fuss, uproar, commotion or stir; hype; brouhaha, hullabaloo.

hooded crow n
qijik
A grey and black Eurasian crow, Corvus cornix.

hoodwink /ˈhʊdwɪŋk/ /ˈhʊdˌwɪŋk/ v
hebûn
To deceive using a disguise; to bewile, dupe, mislead.

hoof /huːf/ /hʊf/ n
sim
The tip of a toe of an ungulate such as a horse, ox or deer, strengthened by a thick keratin covering.

hook /huːk/ /hʉk/ /hʊk/ v
alûşk
(transitive) To work yarn into a fabric using a hook; to crochet.
(transitive) To connect (hook into, hook together).
(Scrabble) To play a word perpendicular to another word by adding a single letter to the existing word.
(intransitive) To bend; to be curved.

hook up v
nikandin
(idiomatic, slang) To give a good deal for buying something; to give something for free or to give more than the recipient is entitled to.

hookah /ˈhu.kə/ /ˈhʊ.kə/ n
nargîle
(recreational inhalants) A pipe with a long flexible tube that draws the smoke through water, traditionally used for smoking tobacco, which is often flavored.

hoop /huːp/ n
zembîl

hoopoe /ˈhupoʊ/ /ˈhupu/ /ˈhupəʊ/ /ˈhuːpuː/ n
hudhud
Any Old World bird of genus Upupa, especially Upupa epops (Eurasian hoopoe), known for its distinctive plumage, fanlike crest, and slender bill.

hope /hoʊp/ /həʊp/ n
hêvî
(countable, _, or, _, uncountable) The feeling of trust, confidence, belief or expectation that something wished for can or will happen.
(countable) A person or thing that is a source of hope.

hopeful /ˈhoʊpfəl/ /ˈhəʊpfəl/ adj
bihêvî
feeling hope

hopefully /ˈhoʊpfəli/ /ˈhəʊpfəli/ adv
ئومێد
In a hopeful manner. [from 17th c.]
xwezî
(uncomparable) It is hoped that; I hope; we hope. [from 18th c.]

hopeless /ˈhoʊplɪs/ /ˈhəʊplɪs/ adj
bêumêd
Giving no ground of hope; promising nothing desirable; desperate.

horde /ho(ː)ɹd/ /hoəd/ /hoːd/ /hɔɹd/ /hɔːd/ n
artêş
A wandering troop or gang; especially, a clan or tribe of a nomadic people (originally Tatars) migrating from place to place for the sake of pasturage, plunder, etc.; a predatory multitude.

horizon /həˈɹaɪ.zən/ n
ufuq
The visible horizontal line (in all directions) where the sky appears to meet the earth in the distance.

horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑntəl/ /ˌhɒɹɪˈzɒntəl/ adj
asoyî
Perpendicular to the vertical; parallel to the plane of the horizon; level, flat.

hormone /ˈhoɹmoʊn/ /ˈhɔːməʊn/ n
hormon
(physiology) Any substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another to effect physiological activity.

horn /hɔɹn/ /hɔːn/ /ˈhoːrn/ /ˈhoːɻn/ /ˈhɒːɹn/ n
şax
Any similar real or imaginary growth or projection such as the elongated tusk of a narwhal, the eyestalk of a snail, the pointed growth on the nose of a rhinoceros, or the hornlike projection on the head of a demon or similar.

horned owl n
bu
An owl of the genus Bubo native to the Americas, among the largest types of owl, having two horn-like tufts of feathers on its head.

horny /ˈhoɹni/ /ˈhɔːni/ adj
germ
(slang, informal) Sexually aroused, with or without physical manifestation; experiencing a feeling of sexual desire.

horror /ˈhɑɹ.ɚ/ /ˈhɒɹ.ə/ /ˈhɔɚ/ /ˈhɔɹ.ɚ/ n
tirs
(countable, uncountable) An intense distressing emotion of fear or repugnance.

horror movie n
filma tirsê
(mostly, North America) A motion picture which entertains by horrifying or frightening the audience.

horse /hoɹs/ /hoːs/ /hɔːs/ /hɔːɹs/ [ho̝ːs] [ho̞ɹs] n
hesp
Any member of the species Equus ferus, including the Przewalski's horse and the extinct Equus ferus ferus.
(chess, informal) The chess piece representing a knight, depicted as a horse.
(slang) Heroin (drug).

horse bean n
baqil
A broad bean (Vicia faba var. equina),

horse chestnut /ˌhɔɹs ˈtʃɛsnʌt/ /ˌhɔːs ˈtʃɛsnʌt/ n
şambelot
Any of several tree species of genus Aesculus, especially Aesculus hippocastanum, common in temperate northern hemisphere.
The large nutlike seed of these trees.

horseman /ˈhɔɹsmən/ /ˈhɔːsmən/ n
siwar
A man who rides a horse.
A soldier on horseback, especially a cavalryman.

horseradish /ˈhɔɹsɹædɪʃ/ /ˈhɔːsɹædɪʃ/ n
tivra derewîn
(countable) A plant of the mustard family, Armoracia rusticana.

horseshoe /ˈhɔː.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːs.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːɹ.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːɹs.ʃuː/ n
nal
The U-shaped shoe of a horse, now typically made of metal; by extension, a representation of this used to play the game horseshoes, hung as a luck charm, etc.

hospital /ˈhɑs.pɪ.tl̩/ /ˈhɑs.pɪ.ɾl̩/ /ˈhɒs.pɪ.tl̩/ /ˈɒs.pɪ.tl̩/ n
bîmaristan
A large medical facility, usually in a building with multiple floors, where seriously ill or injured patients are given extensive medical and/or surgical treatment.

host /hoʊst/ /həʊst/ n
mêvan
One which receives or entertains a guest, socially, commercially, or officially.
artêş
A multitude of people arrayed as an army; used also in religious senses, as: Heavenly host (of angels)

host /hoʊst/ /həʊst/ v
standin
To perform the role of a host.

hot /hɑt/ /hɒt/ /hɔt/ adj
germ
(of an object) Having or giving off a high temperature.
(of a person or animal) Feeling the sensation of heat, especially to the point of discomfort.
Feverish.
tûj
(of food) Spicy, pungent, piquant, as some chilis and other spices are.

hotel /(h)əʊˈtɛl/ /hoʊˈtɛl/ /ˈhoʊtɛl/ n
mêvanxane
An establishment that provides accommodation and other services for paying guests; normally larger than a guesthouse, and often one of a chain. [from 17th c.]

hound /haʊnd/ n
kûç
A dog, particularly a breed with a good sense of smell developed for hunting other animals.
kûçik
A despicable person.

hour /aː(r)/ /ɐwə(r)/ /ɐʋə(r)/ /ˈaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈaʊɚ/ n
seet
A unit of time of one twenty-fourth of a day (sixty minutes).
saet
(Christianity, in the plural) The set times of prayer, the canonical hours, the offices or services prescribed for these, or a book containing them.

houri /ˈhʊəɹi/ n
horî
(Islam) A nymph in the form of a beautiful virgin supposed to dwell in Paradise for the enjoyment of the faithful.

house /haʊs/ /huːs/ /hʌʊs/ n
xanî
(Hong Kong, only used in names) An apartment building within a public housing estate.
A place of business; a company or organisation, especially a printing press, a publishing company, or a couturier. [from 10th c.]
A place of public accommodation or entertainment, especially a public house, an inn, a restaurant, a theatre, or a casino; or the management thereof. [from 10th c.]
A dynasty; a family with its ancestors and descendants, especially a royal or noble one. [from 10th c.]
xanî خانوو
A structure built or serving as an abode of human beings. [from 9th c.]

house martin n
dûvmeqesk
A migratory passerine bird of the swallow family, genus Delichon

house mouse n
mişk
The universally common mouse of the species Mus musculus.

house sparrow n
çivîk
A bird of the species Passer domesticus, native to much of Eurasia, introduced in many other temperate environments.

house-trained adj
pak
(of a pet) Trained not to excrete indoors.

household /ˈhaʊshoʊld/ /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ n
malî

housekeeper /ˈhaʊskipɚ/ /ˈhaʊskiːpə/ n
bermalî
Someone who manages the running of a home, traditionally the female head of the household. [from 17th c.]

housewife /ˈhaʊs.waɪf/ /ˈhʌz(w)ɪf/ /ˈhʌzwaɪf/ /ˈhʌzɪf/ n
bermalî
(plural "housewives") The wife of a householder; the mistress of a family; the female head of a household.

housing /ˈhaʊsɪŋ/ /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/ n
xanî
(countable) A mechanical component's container or covering.

how /haʊ/ /hæɔ/ adv
çawa
(interrogative) To what degree or extent.
(interrogative) In what manner:

how are you /haʊ ˈɑɹ ju/ /haʊ ˈɑː juː/ /hæɔ ˈaː jə/ /hæɔ ˈaː jʉː/ phraseologicalUnit
çawa yî
(idiomatic) An informal greeting, not requiring a literal response. In form a question, and thus followed by a question mark. Typical responses include:

how come /haʊ kʌm/ adv
bo çi
(idiomatic, informal) Why; why is it; for what reason or purpose; due to what cause?

how many determiner
çend
(This entry is a translation hub.)

how many pronoun
çend
what number

how much determiner
çend
(interrogative) What amount or quantity (of something stated or implied).

how's it going phraseologicalUnit
baş
(informal) how are you?

however /haʊˈɛvɚ/ /hɑʊˈɛvə/ /hɑˈwɛvə(ɹ)/ adv
her wiha
(conjunctive) Nevertheless; yet, still; in spite of that.

hubbub /ˈhʌbʌb/ n
kafirkeratî
A confused uproar, commotion, tumult or racket.

hubby /ˈhʊbi/ /ˈhʌbi/ n
rîspî
(informal, endearing) Husband.

hubris /ˈhjuːbɹɪs/ [ˈçju̟ːbɹ̠ʷɪs] n
pozbilindî
Excessive pride, presumption or arrogance (originally toward the gods).

huckleberry /ˈhʌkl̩b(ə)ɹi/ /ˈhʌkl̩ˌbɛɹi/ n
sava
A shrub growing this fruit.

hue /hju/ /hjuː/ /hjʉː/ /hɪu̯/ /ju/ [ç(j)u] [ç(j)u̟ː] [ç(j)ʉː] n
reng
A color, or shade of color; tint; dye.

hug /hʌɡ/ n
باوه‌ش
A close embrace, especially when charged with an emotion such as affection, joy, relief, lust, anger, aggression, compassion, and the like, as opposed to being characterized by formality, equivocation or ambivalence (a half-embrace or "little hug").

hug /hʌɡ/ v
باوه‌ش
(transitive, figurative) To hold fast; to cling to; to cherish.

huge /hjuːd͡ʒ/ /juːdʒ/ [hʊudʒ] [çu̟ːd͡ʒ] adj
زۆر چاک
Very large.

huh /hə/ /hʌ/ [hə̃] [hʌ̃] interjection
çi
(with rising pitch) Used to express doubt or confusion.
(slang, with falling pitch) Used either to belittle the issuer of a statement/question, or sarcastically to indicate utter agreement, and that the statement being responded to is an extreme understatement. The intonation is changed to distinguish between the two meanings - implied dullness for belittlement, and feigned surprise for utter agreement.
û
(with rising pitch) Used to reinforce a question.
mîna
(informal, with rising pitch) Used to indicate that one did not hear what was said.
[[مێشوله‌]]
(informal, with falling pitch) Used to create a tag question.

hull /hʌl/ v
gam
To remove the outer covering of a fruit or seed.

human /ˈhjuː.mən/ /ˈju.mən/ [ˈçju̟mn̩] [ˈçju̟mən] adj
mirov
مرۆڤ
(notcomp) Of or belonging to the species Homo sapiens or its closest relatives.

human being /ˌhjuːmən ˈbiːɪŋ/ n
mirov
A person; a large sapient, bipedal primate, with notably less hair than others of that order, of the species Homo sapiens.
Any member of the genus Homo, including extinct species.

human rights /ˌhjumən ˈɹaɪtz/ /ˌhjuːmən ˈɹaɪtz/ n
heqê însanan
(international law) The set of basic rights and freedoms that all humans should be guaranteed, including the right to life and liberty, freedom of thought and expression, and equality before the law.

humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/ [hjuˈmænɪɾi] n
insaniyet
Humankind; human beings as a group.
The human condition or nature.
mirovatî
The quality of being benevolent; humane traits of character; humane qualities or aspects.

humble /ˈhʌmbl̩/ /ˈʌmbl̩/ adj
dilnizm
Having a low opinion of oneself; not proud, arrogant, or assuming; modest.

humbug /ˈhəmˌbəɡ/ /ˈhʌmbʌɡ/ n
henek
(countable, slang) A hoax, jest, or prank.

humidify /hjuːˈmɪdɪfaɪ/ v
şil kirin
To increase the humidity in the air.

humiliate /hjuːˈmɪliˌeɪt/ v
kêm xistin
(transitive) To cause to be ashamed; to injure the dignity and self-respect of.

hummock n
qoqiz
A ridge or hill of ice in an ice field.

hummus /ˈhuːməs/ /ˈhʊməs/ /ˈhʌməs/ n
humûs
A Levantine Arab dip made of chickpea paste with various additions, such as olive oil, fresh garlic, lemon juice, and tahini, often eaten with pitta bread, or as a meze.

humongous /ˌhjuːˈmɒŋɡəs/ /ˌhjuːˈmʌŋɡəs/ [çu̟ːˈmʊŋɡəs] [ˌçu̟ːˈmɐŋɡəs] adj
زۆر چاک
(informal) Of an extremely large size.

humpback /ˈhʌmpbæk/ n
piştxûz
(derogatory, now, offensive) A person with a humpback; a person who suffers from kyphosis.

hunch /hʌnt͡ʃ/ /hʌnʃ/ n
qoqiz
A hump; a protuberance.
dilbêjî
A theory, idea, or guess; an intuitive impression that something will happen.

hundred /ˈhʌndɚd/ /ˈhʌndɹəd/ /ˈhʌndɹɪd/ /ˈhʌnd͡ʒɚd/ numeral
sed
A numerical value equal to 100 (102), occurring after ninety-nine.

hundred thousand numeral
bar
The cardinal number 100,000.

hundredth /ˈhʌndɹədθ/ adj
sedan
The ordinal form of the number one hundred.

hundredth /ˈhʌndɹədθ/ n
sedan
The person or thing in the hundredth position.
One of a hundred equal parts of a whole.

hunger /ˈhʌŋɡə/ /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/ n
birç
A need or compelling desire for food.
تینو
(by extension) Any strong desire.

hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ adj
birçî
Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.

hunk /hʌŋk/ n
قاش
A large or dense piece of something.

hunt /hʌnt/ n
nêçîr ڕاو
The act of hunting.

hunt down v
nêçîr kirin
(transitive) To hunt something and capture or kill it.

hunter /ˈhʌntɚ/ [ˈhʌɾ̃ɚ] n
nêçîrvan
One who hunts game for sport or for food; a huntsman or huntswoman.

hunting /ˈhʌntɪŋ/ n
nêçîr
The act of finding and killing a wild animal, either for sport or with the intention of using its parts to make food, clothes, etc.
ڕاو
Looking for something, especially for a job or flat.

hurdle /ˈhɜːdl̩/ /ˈhɝd(ə)l/ n
berbest
(athletics, horses) An artificial barrier, variously constructed, over which athletes or horses jump in a race.

hurry /ˈhɝ.i/ /ˈhʌɹ.i/ v
lez kirin
(intransitive) To do things quickly.

hurry up v
lez kirin
(emphatic, ambitransitive) To hurry; to increase the speed of doing something.

hurt /hɜːt/ /hɝt/ v
birrîn
(transitive, intransitive) To cause (a person or animal) physical pain and/or injury.
(transitive, intransitive) To cause (somebody) emotional pain.

hurt someone's feelings v
birrîn
(idiomatic) To offend or emotionally hurt someone.

husband /ˈhʌz.bənd/ n
mêr
A man in a marriage or marital relationship, especially in relation to his spouse.

husband /ˈhʌz.bənd/ v
parastin
(transitive) To conserve.

husband and wife n
jin û mêr
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see husband,‎ and,‎ wife. (This entry is a translation hub.)

hush /hʊʃ/ /hʌʃ/ n
bêdengî
A silence, especially after some noise

husk /hʌsk/ v
gam
(transitive) To remove husks from.

hustle /ˈhʌsəl/ v
lez kirin
(intransitive) To rush or hurry.

hustler /ˈhʌsləɹ/ n
astîk
A pimp.

hyacinth /ˈhaɪəsɪnθ/ n
simbil
Any bulbous plant of the genus Hyacinthus, native to the Mediterranean and South Africa.

hybrid /ˈhaɪ.bɹɪd/ adj
dureg
Consisting of diverse components.

hydrargyrum /haɪˈdɹɑː(ɹ)d͡ʒɪɹəm/ n
zîbeq
(chemistry, medicine) Mercury (chemical element)

hydrocarbon n
hîdrokarbon
(organic compound) A compound consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹədʒ(ə)n/ /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒən/ [ˈhaɪd͡ʒɹəd͡ʒən] n
hîdrojen
The lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.00794.
A molecule of this molecular species

hydrology n
hîdrolojî
The science of the properties, distribution, and effects of water on a planet's surface, in the soil and underlying rocks, and in the atmosphere

hydrometer /haɪˈdɹɑːmɪtɚ/ n
areometre
An instrument that floats in a liquid and measures its specific gravity on a scale.

hydrophobia /ˌhaɪ.dɹəˈfoʊ.bɪ.ə/ /ˌhʌɪ.dɹə(ʊ)ˈfəʊ.bɪ.ə/ n
harbûn
(pathology) An aversion to water, as a symptom of rabies; the disease of rabies itself.

hygiene /haɪˈd͡ʒiːn/ /ˈhaɪˌd͡ʒiːn/ n
hîjyen
Those conditions and practices that promote and preserve health.

hyperbole /haɪˈpɜːbəli/ /haɪˈpɝbəli/ n
pirrolekerî
(uncountable, rhetoric, literature) Deliberate or unintentional overstatement, particularly extreme overstatement.

hypernym /ˈhaɪpənɪm/ /ˈhaɪpɚnɪm/ n
hîpernîm
(semantics) A superordinate word or phrase; a term whose referents form a set which includes as a subset the referents of a subordinate term—as, for example, insect being (a hypernym) for ant.

hypertrophy /haɪˈpɜːtɹəfi/ /haɪˈpɝːtɹəfi/ n
hîpertrofî
(countable, medicine) An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells.

hyphen /ˈhaɪ.fən/ n
bendik
The symbol "‐", typically used to join two or more words to form a compound term, or to indicate that a word has been split at the end of a line.

hypnosis /hɪpˈnoʊsɪs/ n
hîpnoz
A trancelike state, artificially induced, in which a person has a heightened suggestibility, and in which suppressed memories may be experienced.

hypochondria n
hîpokondriya
(medicine) A psychological disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.

hypochondriasis n
hîpokondriya
(medicine) A mental disorder characterized by excessive fear of or preoccupation with a serious illness, despite medical testing and reassurance to the contrary.

i /aɪ/ /i/ /ɪ/ n
û
The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.

ibex /ˈaɪbɛks/ n
şemkur
A type of wild mountain goat of the genus Capra, such as the species Capra ibex.

ice /aɪs/ [ʌɪs] n
qeşa
Water in frozen (solid) form.

ice cream /aɪsˈkɹiːm/ /ˈaɪs.kɹiːm/ /ˌaɪsˈkɹiːm/ n
bestenî
(uncountable) A dessert made from frozen sweetened cream or a similar substance, usually flavoured.
(countable) A portion of ice cream on a stick, in a cup or in a wafer cone.

ice cream cone n
kum
A thin, conical confection baked from crepe batter, sealed at its apex, used to hold ice cream while it is being eaten.

ice-cold /ˈaɪskəʊld/ adj
sar
Without emotion; distant.

iceberg /ˈaɪsbɜːɡ/ /ˈaɪsbɝɡ/ n
aysberg
A huge mass of ocean-floating ice which has broken off a glacier or ice shelf [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]

icebreaker /ˈaɪsˌbɹeɪkəɹ/ n
qeşaşkên
A ship designed to break through ice so that it, or other ships coming behind, can navigate on frozen seas.

icon /ˈaɪ.kɑn/ /ˈaɪ.kɒn/ /ˈaɪ.kən/ n
dawer
(graphical user interface) A small picture that represents something.

idea /aɪˈdiː/ /aɪ̯ˈdi.ə/ /aɪ̯ˈdiə̯/ /aɪ̯ˈdɪə̯/ /aːˈdɪɹ/ /ˈaɪdi/ [-ˈdeə̯] [ɑe̯ˈdiə̯] n
بیروڕا
An image of an object that is formed in the mind or recalled by the memory. [from 16th c.]
A conception in the mind of something to be done; a plan for doing something, an intention. [from 17th c.]

ideology /aɪ.diˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ɪ.diˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌaɪ.diːˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒiː/ /ˌɑɪ.diːˈɔl.ə.d͡ʒiː/ n
îdeolojî
Doctrine, philosophy, body of beliefs or principles belonging to an individual or group.
(uncountable) The study of the origin and nature of ideas.

idiom /ˈɪdi.əm/ n
biwêj
A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, language family, or group of people.
An established phrasal expression whose meaning may not be deducible from the literal meanings of its component words.
ziman
A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context etc.

idiosyncrasy /ˌɪdioʊˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ /ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ /ˌɪdɪəʊˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ /ˌɪdɪəˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ n
sirişt
A behavior or way of thinking that is characteristic of a person.

idiot /ˈɪdiət/ /ˈɪd͡ʒət/ n
ehmeq
(pejorative) A person of low general intelligence.

idle /ˈaɪd(ə)l/ /ˈʌɪdəl/ adj
vala
Not being used appropriately; not occupied; (of time) with no, no important, or not much activity.
Not engaged in any occupation or employment; unemployed; inactive; doing nothing in particular.
eware
Averse to work, labor or employment; lazy; slothful.
bênirxî
Of no importance; useless; worthless; vain; trifling; thoughtless; silly.

idle /ˈaɪd(ə)l/ /ˈʌɪdəl/ v
beredaytî kirin
(intransitive) To lose or spend time doing nothing, or without being employed in business.

idler n
nêrehing
One who idles; a lazy person; a sluggard.

if /ɪf/ conjunction
ئه‌گه‌ر
Supposing that; given that; supposing it is the case that.
[[مێشوله‌]]
(sometimes, _, proscribed) Whether; used to introduce a noun clause, an indirect question, that functions as the direct object of certain verbs.

if only conjunction
lê
(idiomatic) I wish that; signifies a wish or desire for the present or the future.

igneous /ˈɪɡ.ni.əs/ adj
agir
Pertaining to or having the nature of fire; containing fire; resembling fire.

ignite /ɪɡˈnaɪt/ v
agir vêxistin
(transitive) to set fire to (something), to light (something)

ignition /ɪɡˈnɪʃən/ n
lîstok
(automotive, mechanical engineering) A system for activating combustion in a combustion engine.

ignorance /ˈɪɡ.nə.ɹəns/ /ˈɪɡ.nɚ.əns/ n
nezanî
The condition of being uninformed or uneducated; lack of knowledge or information.

ignorant /ˈɪɡnəɹənt/ adj
nezan
Unknowledgeable or uneducated; characterized by ignorance.

ill /ɪl/ adj
nexweş
Unwell in terms of health or physical condition; sick. [from 15th c.]

illness /ˈɪl.nəs/ n
nesaxî
(countable) An instance of a disease or poor health.
(uncountable) A state of bad health or disease.

illustration /ˌɪl.əˈstɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
îlustrasyon
Something which illustrates; a comparison or example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.
A picture designed to decorate a publication, or elucidate a literary work.

image /ˈɪmɪd͡ʒ/ n
nîgar
An optical or other representation of a real object; a graphic; a picture.
dîmen
A mental picture of something not real or not present.
(computing) A file that contains all information needed to produce a live working copy. (See disk image and image copy.)
îmaj
A characteristic of a person, group or company etc., style, manner of dress, how one is or wishes to be perceived by others.

image /ˈɪmɪd͡ʒ/ v
şewq dan
(transitive) To reflect, mirror.
dîmen girtin
(transitive, computing) To create a complete backup copy of a file system or other entity.

imam /ɪˈmɑːm/ /ˈiːmɑːm/ n
îmam
(usually capitalized) A Shi'ite Muslim leader descended from the prophet Muhammad and functioning as his spiritual successor.

imbecile /ɪmbəˈsiːl/ /ˈɪmbəsəl/ /ˈɪmbəsɪl/ n
ehmeq
(pejorative) A fool, an idiot.

imbibe /ɪmˈbaɪb/ v
vexwarin
To drink (used frequently of alcoholic beverages).

imitation /ɪmɪˈteɪʃən/ n
bîlan
The act of imitating.
(attributive) A copy or simulation; something that is not the real thing.

immature /ɪməˈtjʊə(ɹ)/ /ɪməˈt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ɪməˈt͡ʃʊə(ɹ)/ adj
kesk
Not fully formed or developed; not grown. [from 17th c.]

immeasurable /ɪˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/ /ɪˈmɛʒɹəbəl/ adj
زۆر چاک
vast

immediately /əˈmiːdi.ətli/ /əˈmiːdʒətli/ /ɪˈmiːdi.ətli/ /ɪˈmiːdʒətli/ adv
yekser
In an immediate manner; instantly or without delay.

immoral /ɪˈmɒɹəl/ /ɪˈmɔɹəl/ adj
bêexlaq
Breaching principles of natural law, rectitude, or justice, and so inconsistent with the demands of virtue, purity, or "good morals"; not right, not moral. (Compare unethical, illegal.)

immortal /ɪˈmɔɹtəl/ /ɪˈmɔːtəl/ adj
nemir
Not susceptible to death; living forever; never dying.

immune system n
koendama bergiriyê
(anatomy, immunology) The system that differentiates self from non-self and protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by producing an immune response. It includes organs such as the thymus, the spleen and lymph nodes; tissue such as bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils; cells such as lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and cell products such as antibodies.

immunity /ɪˈmjuːnəti/ n
bergirî
(uncountable) The state of being insusceptible to something; notably:
(countable) A resistance to a specific thing.

impact /ɪmˈpækt/ /ˈɪmpækt/ n
bandor
(figurative, proscribed) A significant or strong influence or effect.

impact /ɪmˈpækt/ /ˈɪmpækt/ v
bale kirin
(transitive) To compress; to compact; to press into something or pack together.

impair /ɪmˈpeə(ɹ)/ /ɪmˈpeː(ɹ)/ /ɪmˈpɛə(ɹ)/ /ɪmˈpɛɹ/ /ɪmˈpɛː(ɹ)/ v
ziyan gihandin
(transitive) To weaken; to affect negatively; to have a diminishing effect on.

impaired adj
zeîfî
Rendered less effective.

impart /ɪmˈpɑɹt/ /ɪmˈpɑːt/ v
dan
(transitive) To obtain a share of; to partake of.

impartial /ɪmˈpɑɹ.ʃəl/ adj
adil
treating all parties, rivals, or disputants equally; not partial; not biased

impatient /ɪmˈpeɪʃənt/ adj
lezgîn
Restless and intolerant of delays.
Anxious and eager, especially to begin or have something.

impeach /ɪmˈpiːt͡ʃ/ v
şemisandin
To bring a legal proceeding against a public official.

impel /ɪmˈpɛl/ v
ajawe
(transitive) To urge a person; to press on; to incite to action or motion via intrinsic motivation.

imperfection /ɪmpɚˈfɛkʃən/ n
bêkêmasîtî
(uncountable) Those qualities or features that are imperfect; the characteristic, state, or quality of being imperfect.

imperialism [ɪmˈpɪə.ɹi.ə.lɪ.zm̩] [ɪmˈpɪɹ.i.ə.lɪ.zm̩] n
emperyalîzm
The policy of forcefully extending a nation's authority by territorial gain or by the establishment of economic and political dominance over other nations.

impinge /ɪmˈpɪnd͡ʒ/ v
bale kirin
(intransitive, rarely, transitive) To make a physical impact on.

implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/ /ˈɪmpləmɛnt/ n
amûr
A tool or instrument for working with.

implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/ /ˈɪmpləmɛnt/ v
sepandin
To bring about; to put into practice; to carry out.

implementation /ˌɪmpləmənˈteɪʃən/ /ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən/ /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃn/ n
sepan
The process of moving an idea from concept to reality. In business, engineering and other fields, implementation refers to the building process rather than the design process.
(electronics) A result of implementing something; a finished product, system or device.

implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ adj
kor
Having no reservations or doubts; unquestioning or unconditional; usually said of faith or trust.

imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/ v
gerek kirin
(transitive, of a proposition) to have as a necessary consequence
(transitive, of a person) to suggest by logical inference

import /ɪmˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /ɪmˈpoət/ /ɪmˈpɔɹt/ /ɪmˈpɔːt/ /ˈɪm.po(ː)ɹt/ /ˈɪm.poət/ /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/ /ˈɪm.pɔːt/ n
giringî
(uncountable) Significance, importance.

importance /ɪmˈpɔɹtəns/ /ɪmˈpɔːtəns/ [-ʔn̩s] n
ehemiyet
The quality or condition of being important or worthy of note.
giringî
significance or prominence.
statû
personal status or standing.

important /ɪm.ˈpo(ː)ɹ.tənt/ /ɪm.ˈpoə.tənt/ /ɪm.ˈpɔɹ.tənt/ /ɪm.ˈpɔɹ.ɾənt/ /ɪm.ˈpɔː.tənt/ [ɪmˈpʰɔɹʔn̩t] [ɪmˈpʰɔɹʔn̩ʔ] [ɪmˈpʰɔːtənt̚] [ɪmˈpʰɔːʔn̩ʔ] adj
گرنگ
Having relevant and crucial value; having import.

importune /ɪmpɔɹˈtuːn/ /ɪmpɔːˈtjuːn/ /ɪmˈpɔːtjuːn/ v
tamijîn
To harass with persistent requests.

impoverish /ɪmˈpɒv(ə)ɹɪʃ/ v
bêhêz kirin
(transitive) To make poor.

impoverishment n
belengazbûn
The state of being impoverished.

imprecation /ˌɪm.pɹəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪm.pɹɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
lanet
A curse.

impregnate /ˈɪmpɹɛɡneɪt/ v
pîtandin

impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃən/ n
bandor
The overall effect of something, e.g., on a person.

impressive /ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/ adj
karîzmatîk
Making, or tending to make, a positive impression; having power to impress

imprint /ˈɪm.pɹɪnt/ n
hirç
The name and details of a publisher or printer, as printed in a book etc.; a publishing house.

improper /ɪmˈpɹɑ.pɚ/ /ɪmˈpɹɒp.ə/ /ɪmˈpɹɔp.ə/ adj
nelicih
Not in keeping with conventional mores or good manners; indecent or immodest
nerast
Not according to facts; inaccurate or erroneous

in /ɘn/ /ən/ /ɪn/ adv
hindir

in /ɘn/ /ən/ /ɪn/ preposition
li
Contained by; inside.
Surrounded by; among; amidst.
Into.
Used to indicate a language, script, tone, etc. of a text, speech, etc.

in a row
li dû hev
(informal) successively, one after the other.

in addition adv
ji bilî wilo
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Also; as well; besides.

in demand adj
xwestin
sought-after; popular; coveted

in front of preposition
berî
At or near the front part of (something).
In the presence of, in view of (someone).
Located before, ahead of, previous to (someone or something).

in one's own right
bi tena serê xwe
As a consequence of one's own skill, qualification or status, rather than that of another.

in order adj
ئاماده
Ready, prepared; orderly; tidy.

in that case adv
hek ev bibe

in the first place /ɪn ðə ˈfɜːst pleɪs/ /ɪn ðə ˈfɜːst plæɪs/ /ɪn ðə ˈfɜ˞st pleɪs/
[[یه‌که‌م]]
(sequence, idiomatic) to begin with; earlier; firstly; originally; at the start,

in the future
pêşeroj
At a future time, at some point in the future.

in the past
berê
(This entry is a translation hub.)

in the wild
sirişt
(usually of animals) Living and roaming freely in nature; not domesticated.

inadequate /ɪnˈædəkwɪt/ adj
hindik
Not adequate; not fit for the purpose.

inanition /ɪnəˈnɪʃən/ n
birç
(medicine) A state of advanced lack of adequate nutrition, food, or water or a physiological inability to utilize them, with resulting weakness.

inaugural /ɪˈnɔːɡəɹəl/ /ɪˈnɔːɡɹəl/ adj
yekem
Marking the beginning of an operation, venture, etc.

incarcerate /ɪnˈkɑɹ.səˌɹeɪt/ /ɪnˈkɑː.səˌɹeɪt/ v
sînor danîn
To confine; to shut up or enclose; to hem in.

inception /ɪnˈsɛpʃən/ n
destpêk
The creation or beginning of something; the establishment.

incest /ˈɪnsɛst/ n
insest
Sexual relations between close relatives, especially immediate family members and sometimes first cousins, usually considered taboo; in many jurisdictions, close relatives are not allowed to marry, and incest is a crime.

inch /ɪnt͡ʃ/ n
mû
(figuratively) Any very short distance.

incidentally /ˌɪnsəˈdɛn(t)l̩i/ /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntl̩i/ adv
wekî din jî
(manner) In an incidental manner; not of central or critical importance.

incite /ɪnˈsaɪt/ v
arandin
(transitive) To stir up or excite; to rouse or goad into action.

include /ɪnˈkluːd/ v
hewandin
To consider as part of something; to comprehend.

incompatible /ˌɪnkəmˈpætɪbəl/ /ˌɪŋkəmˈpætɪbəl/ adj
bêaheng
Of two things: that cannot coexist; not congruous because of differences; unable to function together due to dissimilarities.

incongruous /ɪnˈkɑn.ɡɹu.əs/ /ɪnˈkɒn.ɡɹʊu.ʌs/ /ɪnˈkɒŋ.ɹʊu.ʌs/ /ɪŋˈkɑŋ.ɡɹu.əs/ adj
bêaheng
Not similar or congruent; not matching or fitting in.

incorporate /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.e(ɪ)t/ /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/ /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.ət/ /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɹe(ɪ)t/ /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɹeɪt/ /ɪŋˈkɔː.pə.ɹeɪt/ /ɪŋˈkɔː.pə.ɹət/ v
hewandin
(transitive) To include (something) as a part.
(US, legal) To include (another clause or guarantee of the US constitution) as a part (of the Fourteenth Amendment, such that the clause binds not only the federal government but also state governments).

increase /ɪnˈkɹiːs/ /ˈɪnkɹiːs/ n
hatin
An amount by which a quantity is increased.
pirbûyîn
For a quantity, the act or process of becoming larger

increment /ˈɪŋkɹɪmn̩t/ n
pirbûyîn
The action of increasing or becoming greater.

incubus /ˈɪn.kjə.bəs/ /ˈɪŋ.kjʊ.bəs/ n
xaç
(by extension) Any oppressive thing or person; a burden.

incumbent /ɪnˈkʌmb(ə)nt/ /ɪnˈkʌmbənt/ /ɪŋ-/ adj
memûr
(zoology) Of a body part such as a hair, spine, or wing: bent downwards or otherwise positioned so that it, or part of it, rests on or touches something else; specifically (ornithology) , of the hind toe of a bird: fully resting on a support.
Being the current holder of an office or a title; specifically (Christianity, obsolete) , of an ecclesiastical benefice.
Followed by on or upon: imposed on one as an obligation, especially due to one's office or position.

incumbent /ɪnˈkʌmb(ə)nt/ /ɪnˈkʌmbənt/ /ɪŋ-/ n
memûr
The current holder of an office or title; (specifically, Christianity) the holder of an ecclesiastical benefice.

indecent /ɪnˈdiːsənt/ adj
nelicih
Not in keeping with conventional moral values; improper, immodest, or unseemly.

indeed /ɪnˈdid/ /ɪnˈdiːd/ adv
ekîd
(modal) Truly; in fact; actually.

indemnify /ɪnˈdɛm.nɪ.faɪ/ v
parastin
To secure against loss or damage; to insure.

independence /ɪndɪˈpɛndəns/ n
serbixwetî
The quality or state of being independent; lack of dependence; the state of not being reliant on, or controlled by, others.
serxwebûn
The state of having sufficient means for a comfortable livelihood.

independent city n
bajar
(urban studies) A city that does not form part of another general-purpose local government entity.

indicate /ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/ v
aşkera kirin
To point out; to discover; to direct to a knowledge of; to show; to make known.

indifference /ɪnˈdɪf.ə.ɹəns/ /ɪnˈdɪf.ɹəns/ n
bêpêwendî
The state of being indifferent.

indigence /ˈɪndɪd͡ʒəns/ n
feqîrî
Extreme poverty or destitution.

indigo bunting n
wezîr
A blue bunting of North America (Passerina cyanea).

indiscriminate /ɪn.dɪsˈkɹɪm.ɪn.ət/ adj
kor
Without care or making distinctions, thoughtless.

indispensable /ɪndɪˈspɛnsəbəl/ adj
pêwîst
Absolutely necessary or requisite; that one cannot do without. [from 17th c.]

indium /ˈɪndi.əm/ n
îndiyûm
A chemical element (symbol In) with an atomic number of 49: a soft silvery-white metal.

individualism n
îndîvîdualîzm
The moral stance, political philosophy, or social outlook that promotes independence and self-reliance of individual people, while opposing the interference with each person's choices by society, the state, or any other group or institution.

indulge /ɪnˈdʌld͡ʒ/ v
deliqandin
(transitive) To satisfy the wishes or whims of.
pê de xûz bûn
To give way to (a habit or temptation); to not oppose or restrain.

indulgence /ɪnˈdʌl.d͡ʒəns/ n
mexfîretkirin
(Roman Catholicism) A pardon or release from the expectation of punishment in purgatory, after the sinner has been granted absolution.

inefficient /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/ adj
bêber
Not efficient; not producing the effect intended or desired; inefficacious

inept /ɪˈnept/ /ɪˈnɛpt/ adj
bêkêr
Not able to do something; not proficient; displaying incompetence.

inertia /ɪnˈɜː.ʃə/ /ɪnˈɝ.ʃə/ /ɪˈnɜː.ʃə/ /ɪˈnɝ.ʃə/ n
betalî
(figuratively) In a person, unwillingness to take action.

inexpensive adj
erzan
low in price

inexperienced /ɪnəkˈspɪəɹi.ənst/ adj
bêezmûn
Not experienced; lacking knowledge or experience; green.

infant /ˈɪn.fənt/ n
sava
A very young human being, from birth to somewhere between six months and two years of age after birth, needing almost constant care and attention.
zarok
(legal) A minor.

infatuation n
ڤیان
An immensely strong love or sexual attraction.
(obsolete) The act of infatuating; the state of being infatuated; madness.

inferno /ɪnˈfɝnoʊ/ n
dûjeh
A place or situation resembling Hell.
agir
A large fire; a conflagration.

infidelity /ˌɪnfɪˈdɛlɪti/ n
terişandin
Unfaithfulness in a marriage or an intimate (sexual or romantic) relationship: practice or instance of having a sexual or romantic affair with someone other than one's spouse, without the consent of the spouse.

infirmary /ɪnˈfɝməɹi/ n
bîmaristan
A place where sick or injured people are cared for, especially a small hospital; sickhouse.

infix /ɪnˈfɪks/ /ˈɪnfɪks/ n
navgir
(linguistics, proscribed) A morpheme that always appears between other morphemes in a word, such as -i- and -o- in English (i.e. an interfix).

infix /ɪnˈfɪks/ /ˈɪnfɪks/ v
navgir
(transitive, archaic) To set; to fasten or fix by piercing or thrusting in.

inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪʃən/ n
kulbûnî
(pathology) A condition of any part of the body, consisting of congestion of the blood vessels, with obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and pain.

inflate /ɪnˈfleɪt/ v
perçivandin
(transitive) To enlarge an object by pushing air (or a gas) into it; to raise or expand abnormally
(intransitive) To enlarge by filling with air (or a gas).

inflict /ɪnˈflɪkt/ v
jê avêtin
To thrust upon; to impose.

influence /ɪnˈflu.əns/ /ˈɪn.flu.əns/ n
bandor
The power to affect, control or manipulate something or someone; the ability to change the development of fluctuating things such as conduct, thoughts or decisions.
An action exerted by a person or thing with such power on another to cause change.

influenza /ˌɪn.flu.ˈɛn.tsə/ n
zikam
(disease) An acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs, caused by a virus, which rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics.

informal /ɪnˈfɔɹm(ə)l/ /ɪnˈfɔːm(ə)l/ adj
canêcanê
Not formal or ceremonious.
(of language) Reflecting everyday, non-ceremonious usage.

informatics /ɪnfəˈmætɪks/ /ˌɪnfəɹˈmætɪks/ [ˌɪnfɚˈmæɾɪks] n
enformatîk
(computing) A branch of information science and of computer science that focuses on the study of information processing, particularly with respect to systems integration and human interactions with machine and data.

information /ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.fəˈmæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.fɚˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
agahî
Things that are or can be known about a given topic; communicable knowledge of something. [from 14th c.]

infrequent adj
hindik caran
Not frequent; not happening frequently.

ingenuine /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛnjuːaɪn̩/ /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛnjuːɪn̩/ adj
destkar
false, not genuine or unauthentic.

ingenuity /ˌɪnd͡ʒəˈn(j)uːəti/ n
huner
The ability to solve difficult problems in original, clever, and inventive ways.

ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ n
kerese
One of the substances present in a mixture, especially food.

ingress /ɪŋˈɡɹɛs/ /ˈɪŋɡɹɛs/ n
ketin
The act of entering.
A door or other means of entering.
(astronomy) The entrance of the Moon into the shadow of the Earth in eclipses, or the Sun's entrance into a sign, etc.

inhabit /ɪnˈhæbɪt/ v
jîn
(transitive) To live or reside in.

inhabitant /ɪnˈhæ.bɪ.tənt/ n
rûniştvan
Someone or thing who lives in a place.

inherent /ɪnˈhɛɹənt/ /ɪnˈhɪəɹənt/ adj
siruştî
Naturally as part or consequence of something.

inimitable /ɪnˈɪmɪtəbl̩/ adj
unîk
Beyond imitation, surpassing all others; matchless.

initial /ɪˈnɪʃəl/ adj
[[یه‌که‌م]]
Spatially first, placed at the beginning, in the first position; especially said of the first letter of a word.

initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n
destpêk
A beginning; a first move.
A new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem.

injure /ˈɪn.dʒə/ /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ v
birrîn
(transitive) To wound or cause physical harm to a living creature.
(transitive) To damage or impair.

injury /ˈɪn.d͡ʒə.ɹi/ /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ.i/ /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɹi/ n
birîn
The violation of a person's reputation, rights, property, or interests.

injustice /ɪnˈd͡ʒʌs.tɪs/ n
bêheqî
Violation of the rights of another person or people.

inner ear n
guhê hundirîn
(anatomy) The portion of the ear located within the temporal bone which includes the semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea and is responsible for hearing and balance.

innocuous /ɪˈnɑkjuəs/ /ɪˈnɒkjuəs/ adj
bêxisar
Harmless; producing no ill effect.

innominate adj
bênav
Having no name, nameless, unnamed; anonymous.

innuendo /ˌɪnjuˈɛndəʊ/ n
hinartin
A derogatory hint or reference to, or (often sexual) insinuation about, a person or thing.

inquire after v
pirsîn

inquiry /ɪnˈkwaɪ(ə)ɹi/ /ɪnˈkwaɪəɹi/ /ɪŋ-/ /ˈɪnkwɪɹi/ n
lêkolîn
Search for truth, information, or knowledge; examination of facts or principles; research; investigation

inquisitive /ɪŋˈkwɪzətɪv/ adj
bi
Too curious; overly interested; nosy.

insane /ɪnˈseɪn/ adj
dîn
Exhibiting unsoundness or disorder of mind; not sane; utterly mad.

inscribe /ɪnˈskɹaɪb/ v
nivîsîn
(transitive) To write or cut (words) onto (something, especially a hard surface, or a book to be given to another person); to engrave.

inscription /ɪnˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
nivîs
The text on a coin.

insect /ˈɪnsɛkt/ n
kêz
An arthropod (in the Insecta class) characterized by six legs, up to four wings, and a chitinous exoskeleton.

insensate /ɪnˈsɛn.sət/ adj
bêwate
Senseless; foolish; irrational.

insensitive /ɪnˈsɛnsɪtɪv/ adj
req
Not expressing normal emotional feelings; cold; tactless; undiplomatic

inshallah /ˌɪn.ʃɑˈlɑ/ /ˌɪnʃˈɑ.lə/ interjection
xwedê hezke
(chiefly, Islam) Expressing the speaker’s wish for a given future event to occur, and also generally their emphasis on its contingency upon the divine will.

inshore adj
derya
(of a wind) Blowing from the sea to the land.

inside /ɪnˈsaɪd/ /ˈɪnsaɪd/ adv
hindir
Within or towards the interior of something; within the scope or limits of something (a place), especially a building.

inside /ɪnˈsaɪd/ /ˈɪnsaɪd/ n
hindir
The interior or inner part.
The side of a curved road, racetrack etc. that has the shorter arc length; the side of a racetrack nearer the interior of the course or some other point of reference.

inside /ɪnˈsaɪd/ /ˈɪnsaɪd/ preposition
hindir
Within the interior of something, closest to the center or to a specific point of reference.

insignificant /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ adj
bêwate
Not significant; not important, inconsequential, or having no noticeable effect.

insist /ɪnˈsɪst/ v
pêkolî kirin
(with on or upon or (that + indicative)) To hold up a claim emphatically.

inspection /ɪnˈspɛkʃən/ n
lêkolîn
The act of examining something, often closely.

install /ɪnˈstoːl/ /ɪnˈstɑl/ /ɪnˈstɔl/ /ɪnˈstɔːl/ v
dahelandin
(transitive) To connect, set up or prepare something for use

instant /ˈɪnstənt/ adj
ecele
(legal) Present; current; extant.

instantly /ˈɪnstəntli/ adv
yekser
At once; without delay. [from 16th c.]

instigate /ˈɪnstəɡeɪt/ v
ajawe
(transitive) To goad or urge (a person) forward, especially to wicked actions.

institution /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃən/ /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃən/ /ˌɪnstɪˈtʃuːʃən/ n
organîzasyon
A long established and respected organization, particularly one involved with education, public service, or charity work.

instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/ n
perwerde
(uncountable) The act of instructing, teaching, or providing with information or knowledge.

instrument /ˈɪnstɹəmənt/ /ˈɪnstɹʊmənt/ n
amûr
A device used to produce music.
alav
A tool, implement used for manipulation or measurement.

insular /ˈɪnsjələ/ /ˈɪnsjəlɚ/ /ˈɪnsəlɚ/ adj
dorav
Situated on an island.
(linguistics, anthropology) (often with a capital letter) Relating to the varieties of a language or languages spoken chiefly on islands. Insular Latin, Latin as it was spoken in Britain and Ireland. Insular Celtic, the Celtic languages of Britain, Ireland and also Brittany, as opposed to those spoken in mainland Europe other than Brittany. Insular Scandinavian, relating to the Icelandic and Faroese languages as opposed to the ones spoken in Sweden, Denmark and Norway.

insulin /ˈɪnsjʊlin/ /ˈɪnsəlɪn/ /ˈɪnʃʊlɪn/ n
însulîn
A polypeptide hormone that regulates carbohydrate metabolism (in various animals including humans).

insult /ɪnˈsʌlt/ /ˈɪnsʌlt/ n
carisî
(uncountable) Action or form of speech deliberately intended to be rude; (countable) a particular act or statement having this effect.
stem
(countable) Something that causes offence (for example, by being of an unacceptable quality).

insult /ɪnˈsʌlt/ /ˈɪnsʌlt/ v
heqaret kirin
(transitive) To be insensitive, insolent, or rude to (somebody); to affront or demean (someone). [from 17th c.]

insurance /ɪn.ˈʃɔː.ɹəns/ /ɪn.ˈʃɝ.əns/ /ɪn.ˈʃʊə.ɹəns/ /ɪn.ˈʃʊɹ.əns/ /ˈɪn.ʃɚəns/ n
sîgorta
A means of indemnity against a future occurrence of an uncertain event.

integer /ˈɪn.tɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈɪn.tɪ.d͡ʒɚ/ [ˈɪn.tʰɪ.d͡ʒɚ] [ˈɪn.ɾ̃ɪ.d͡ʒɚ] n
tamjimar
(arithmetic) A number that is not a fraction; an element of the infinite and numerable set {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}.

integrated adj
tewawkirî
composed and coordinated to form a whole

intellect /ˈɪntəlɛkt/ n
hîş
(uncountable) The faculty of thinking, judging, abstract reasoning, and conceptual understanding; the cognitive faculty.

intelligence /ɪnˈtɛl.ɪ.d͡ʒəns/ n
fehm
(mostly, uncountable) The quality of making use or having made use of such capacities: depth of understanding, mental quickness.
(countable) An entity that has such capacities.
(countable) A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.

intendment n
qanûndaner
(legal) the sense in which the legal system interprets something, especially the intention of legislation

intense /ɪnˈtɛns/ adj
xurt
Of a thing: possessing some characteristic to an extreme or very high or strong degree.
Of feelings, thoughts, etc.: strongly focused; ardent, deep, earnest, passionate.
biteql
(also, figurative) Under tension; tightly drawn; strained, stressed, tense.

intensity /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/ n
xestî
The quality of being intense.

intensive /ɪnˈtɛnsɪv/ adj
xurt
Done with intensity or to a great degree; thorough.
biteql
Chiefly suffixed to a noun: using something with intensity; requiring a great amount of something; demanding.

intent /ɪnˈtɛnt/ n
firûz
Something that is intended.
niyaz
(legal) The state of someone’s mind at the time of committing an offence.

intention /ɪnˈtɛnʃən/ n
niyet
A course of action that a person intends to follow.

interest /ˈɪntəɹst/ /ˈɪntəɹəst/ /ˈɪntəɹɛst/ /ˈɪntəɹɪst/ /ˈɪntɹəst/ /ˈɪntɹɛst/ /ˈɪntɹɪst/ n
faîz
(uncountable, finance) The price paid for obtaining, or price received for providing, money or goods in a credit transaction, calculated as a fraction of the amount or value of what was borrowed. [from earlier 16th c.]
(uncountable) A great attention and concern from someone or something; intellectual curiosity. [from later 18th c.]
(uncountable) Attention that is given to or received from someone or something.
(countable) An involvement, claim, right, share, stake in or link with a financial, business, or other undertaking or endeavor.

interesting /ˈɪn(t)əɹɛstɪŋ/ /ˈɪntəɹəstɪŋ/ /ˈɪntɹəstɪŋ/ /ˈɪntɹɛstɪŋ/ /ˈɪntɹɪstɪŋ/ adj
balkêş
Arousing or holding the attention or interest of someone.

interim /ˈɪntəɹɪm/ adj
derbazbûyî
Transitional.

interjection /ɪn.təˈdʒɛk.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/ n
baneşan
(grammar) An exclamation or filled pause; a word or phrase with no particular grammatical relation to a sentence, often an expression of emotion.

intermediary /ˌɪn(t)ɚˈmidiˌɛɹi/ /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈmiːdi.əɹi/ /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈmiːdjəɹi/ /ˌɪntə(ɹ)ˈmiːdʒəɹi/ n
navbeynkar
An agent acting as a mediator between sides to facilitate agreement or cooperation.

intermission /ɪntɚˈmɪʃən/ n
jêkirin
A break, especially between two performances or sessions, such as at a concert, play, seminar, or religious assembly.

interpose /ˌɪn.təˈpəʊz/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈpoʊz/ v
birrîn
(transitive) To interrupt a conversation by introducing a different subject or making a comment.

interpret /ɪn.tɚˈpɹɛt/ /ɪnˈtɜː.pɹɪt/ /ɪnˈtɝ.pɹɪt/ /ˈin.tɚ.pɹɛt/ v
terciman
To decode the meaning of a topic and then act, whether to continue researching the topic, follow through, act in opposition, or further the understanding through sharing an interpretation.

interpretation /ɪntəpɹəˈteɪʃən/ /ɪntɚpɹəˈteɪʃən/ n
terciman
(countable) An act of interpreting or explaining something unclear; a translation; a version.

interpreter /ɪnˈtɜːpɹɪtə/ /ɪnˈtɝpɹɪtɚ/ n
terciman
A person who converts spoken or signed language into a different language for the benefit of one or more others who do not understand the first language being used (especially if in real time or shortly after that person has finished communicating). (Contrasted with translator.)
(computing) A program that executes another program written in a high-level language by reading the instructions in real time rather than by compiling it in advance.

interrogate /ɪnˈtɛɹ.ə.ɡeɪt/ /ɪnˈtɛɹ.ə.ɡæɪt/ /ɪnˈtɛɹ.əˌɡeɪt/ v
kişandina ber pirsan
(transitive) to question or quiz, especially in a thorough and/or aggressive manner

interrogative /ˌɪn.təˈɹɑ.ɡə.tɪv/ /ˌɪn.təˈɹɒɡ.ə.tɪv/ /ˌɪn.təˈɹɔɡ.ə.tɪv/ [ˌɪn.təˈɹɑ.ɡə.ɾɪv] [ˌɪn.təˈɹɔɡ.ə.ɾɪv] n
پرسیار
(rare) A question; an interrogation.

interrupt /ˈɪntəˌɹʌpt/ /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ v
birrîn
(ambitransitive) To disturb or halt (an ongoing process or action, or the person performing it) by interfering suddenly, especially by speaking.

interval /ˈɪntəvəl/ /ˈɪntɚvəl/ n
jêkirin
A distance in space.
çilêya pêşîn
A period of time.

intestine /ɪnˈtɛstaɪn/ /ɪnˈtɛstɪn/ /ɪnˈtɛsˌtiːn/ /ˈɪntɛstaɪn/ /ˈɪntɛstɪn/ n
rûvî
(anatomy, often pluralized) The alimentary canal of an animal through which food passes after having passed all stomachs.
One of certain subdivisions of this part of the alimentary canal, such as the small or large intestine in human beings.

into /ˈɪn.tu/ /ˈɪn.tuː/ /ˈɪn.tə/ /ˈɪn.tʊ/ preposition
li
To or towards the inside of.
To or towards the region of.
Against, especially with force or violence.
(mathematics) Expressing the operation of division, with the denominator given first. Usually with "goes".

intractable /ɪnˈtɹæk.tə.bəl/ adj
که‌له‌ ڕه‌ق

intricacy /ɪnˈtɹɪ.kə.si/ /ˈɪn.tɹɪ.kə.si/ n
cedel
The state or quality of being intricate or entangled.

intrigue /ɪnˈtɹiːɡ/ /ˈɪntɹiːɡ/ n
dek
A complicated or clandestine plot or scheme intended to effect some purpose by secret artifice; conspiracy; stratagem.

intriguing /ɪnˈtɹiːɡɪŋ/ adj
bi
Causing a desire to know more; mysterious.

invadable adj
[[ده‌س درێژی]]
Able to be invaded

invade /ɪnˈveɪd/ v
[[ده‌س درێژی]]
(transitive) To enter by force, usually in order to conquer.

invaluable /ɪnˈvælju(ə)bl̩/ /ɪnˈvæljəbl̩/ adj
زۆر چاک
Having great or incalculable value.

invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒən/ n
[[ده‌س درێژی]]
A military action consisting of armed forces of one geopolitical entity entering territory controlled by another such entity, generally with the objective of conquering territory or altering the established government.

investigation /ɪnˌvɛs.təˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ /ɪnˌvɛs.tɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
lêkolîn
The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research, especially patient or thorough inquiry or examination

inviolable /ɪnˈvaɪələbl̩/ adj
[[ده‌س درێژی]]
Incapable of being injured or invaded; indestructible.

invitation /ɪn.vɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
bangewazî
The act of inviting; solicitation; the requesting of a person's company.

invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ v
vexwendin
(transitive) To ask for the presence or participation of someone or something.
(transitive) To request formally.

invoice /ˈɪnˌvɔɪs/ n
بارنامه‌
A bill; a commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer indicating the products, quantities and agreed prices for products or services that the seller has already provided the buyer with. An invoice indicates that, unless paid in advance, payment is due by the buyer to the seller, according to the agreed terms.

ion /ˈaɪ.ɑn/ /ˈaɪ.ɒn/ /ˈaɪən/ n
îyon
An atom or group of atoms bearing an electrical charge, such as the sodium and chlorine atoms in a salt solution.

ionic /aɪˈɒnɪk/ adj
îyon
(chemistry) of, relating to, or containing ions

irascible /aɪˈɹæs.ɪ.bəl/ /ɪˈɹæs.ə.bəl/ /ɪˈɹæs.ɪ.bəl/ adj
bêcir
Easily provoked to outbursts of anger; irritable.

ire /aɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /aɪɹ/ n
ڕق
Great anger; wrath; keen resentment.

iridium /ɪˈɹɪd.i.əm/ n
îrîdyûm
(uncountable) A chemical element (symbol Ir) with an atomic number of 77: a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group.

iron /ˈaɪ(ə)ɹn/ /ˈaɪən/ /ˈaɪɹən/ n
hesin asin
(uncountable) A common, inexpensive metal, silvery grey when untarnished, that rusts, is attracted by magnets, and is used in making steel: a chemical element having atomic number 26 and symbol Fe.

irony /ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/ /ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/ /ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/ n
mixrikî
(rhetoric) The quality of a statement that, when taken in context, may actually mean something different from, or the opposite of, what is written literally; the use of words expressing something other than their literal intention, often in a humorous context.

irreverent adj
bêgram
Lacking respect; not having or not showing respect for or seriousness towards something that is usually treated with respect; going against conventional precepts.

irritable /ˈɪɹɪtəbl̩/ adj
bêcir
Capable of being irritated.
Easily exasperated or excited.

ischemia /ɪˈski.mi.aɪ/ /ɪˈski.mi.ə/ /ɪˈskiː.mi.aɪ/ /ɪˈskiː.mi.ə/ n
îşemî
(cardiology, pathology) Local disturbance in blood circulation due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply (for example, embolism, thrombosis, or vasoconstriction).

island /ˈaɪlənd/ n
girav
(by extension, in place names) A contiguous area of land, smaller than a continent, partially surrounded by water; A peninsula; A half-island.
An entity surrounded by other entities that are very different from itself.

island state n
dewleta Giravî
A state consisting of one or more islands

isotope /ˈaɪ.sə.toʊp/ /ˈaɪ.sə.təʊp/ n
îzotop
(nuclear physics) Any of two or more forms of an element where the atoms have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons within their nuclei. Thus, isotopes have the same atomic number but a different mass number.

issue /ˈɪsjuː/ /ˈɪʃ(j)u/ /ˈɪʃ(j)uː/ /ˈɪʃʉː/ [ˈɪʃïɯ] n
fêkî
(now, _, rare) The produce or income derived from farmland or rental properties.
hejmar
The entire set of some item printed and disseminated during a certain period, particularly (publishing) a single printing of a particular edition of a work when contrasted with other print runs.

issue /ˈɪsjuː/ /ˈɪʃ(j)u/ /ˈɪʃ(j)uː/ /ˈɪʃʉː/ [ˈɪʃïɯ] v
daketin
To flow out, to proceed from, to come out or from.
dan
To extend into, to open onto.

isthmus /ˈɪs.məs/ /ˈɪst.məs/ /ˈɪsθ.məs/ /ˈɪz.məs/ n
berzax
(landforms) A narrow strip of land, bordered on both sides by water, and connecting two larger landmasses.

it /ɘt/ /ət/ /ɪt/ [ɪt] [ɪ̈t] [ɪ̈ʔ] n
ebe
The person who chases and tries to catch the other players in the playground game of tag.

it /ɘt/ /ət/ /ɪt/ [ɪt] [ɪ̈t] [ɪ̈ʔ] pronoun
ew
The third-person singular neuter personal pronoun used to refer to an inanimate object, abstract entity, or non-human living thing.
The impersonal pronoun, used without referent as the subject of an impersonal verb or statement (known as the dummy pronoun, dummy it or weather it).
The impersonal pronoun, used without referent, or with unstated but contextually implied referent, in various short idioms or expressions.

it's an emergency phraseologicalUnit
ecele
Indicates that the current situation is an emergency.

it's raining phraseologicalUnit
barîn
Indicates that rain is falling.

item /ˈaɪ.təm/ /ˈɑɪ.təm/ [ˈaɪ̯.ɾm̩] [ˈaɪ̯.ɾəm] [ˈɑɪ.ɾəm] n
nivîsar
A distinct physical object.
nuqte
A matter for discussion in an agenda.

its /ɪts/ determiner
bûn
Belonging to it. [from 16th c.]

itself /ɪtˈself/ /ɪtˈsɛlf/ pronoun
hev
(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject
(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate
(emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject

ivory /ˈaɪv(ə)ɹi/ n
aç
(uncountable) The hard white form of dentin which forms the tusks of elephants, walruses and other animals.
A creamy white color, the color of ivory.
Something made from or resembling ivory.
(collective, singular or in plural) The teeth.
(collective, singular or in plural) The keys of a piano.
(slang, ethnic slur) A white person.
(informal) A die (object bearing numbers, thrown in games of chance).

jack /d͡ʒæk/ n
meymûn
A mechanical device used to raise and (temporarily) support a heavy object, now especially to lift one side of a motor vehicle when (e.g.) changing a tyre. [from 17th c.]
ئاڵا
(nautical) A small ship's flag used as a signal or identifying device; a small flag flown at the bow of the vessel. [from 17th c.]

jackal /ˈd͡ʒækəl/ n
چه‌قه‌ڵ
Any of certain wild canids of the genera Lupulella and Canis, native to the tropical Old World and smaller than a wolf.

jackass n
ker
A male donkey.
(chiefly, US) A foolish or stupid person.

jacket /ˈd͡ʒæk.ət/ /ˈd͡ʒæk.ɪt/ n
saqo
A piece of clothing worn on the upper body outside a shirt or blouse, often waist length to thigh length.

jackpot /ˈd͡ʒækpɒt/ n
gato
A money prize pool which accumulates until the conditions are met for it to be won.

jackrabbit n
kevroşk
any of several large North American hares of the genus Lepus

jail /d͡ʒeɪ(ə)l/ n
girtîgeh
A place or institution for the confinement of persons held against their will in lawful custody or detention, especially (in US usage) a place where people are held for minor offenses or with reference to some future judicial proceeding.

jargon /ˈdʒɑː.ɡən/ /ˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ɡən/ n
şaşziman
(uncountable) A technical terminology unique to a particular subject.
(countable) A language characteristic of a particular group.

javelin /ˈd͡ʒæv.(ə.)lɪn/ n
rim
A light spear thrown with the hand and used as a weapon.
A metal-tipped spear thrown for distance in an athletic field event.

jaw /d͡ʒɑ/ /d͡ʒɔ/ /d͡ʒɔː/ n
kajû
One of the bones, usually bearing teeth, which form the framework of the mouth.

jawan /d͡ʒəˈwɑːn/ n
piyon
(India) An infantryman; a soldier.

jawbone n
kajû
(countable) The bone of the lower jaw; the mandible.
(countable) Any of the bones in the lower or upper jaw.

jealous /ˈd͡ʒɛləs/ adj
dexes
Suspecting rivalry in love; troubled by worries that one might have been replaced in someone's affections; suspicious of a lover's or spouse's fidelity. [from 13th c.]
Envious; feeling resentful or angered toward someone for a perceived advantage or success, material or otherwise. [from 14th c.]

jelly /ˈd͡ʒɛl.i/ n
marmelad
(North America, Britain (certain specific usages)) A clear or translucent fruit preserve, made from fruit juice and set using either naturally occurring, or added, pectin. Normally known as "jam" in Commonwealth English but see redcurrant jelly and jeely.

jellyfish /ˈd͡ʒɛliˌfɪʃ/ n
bûka deryayê
An almost transparent aquatic animal; any one of the acalephs, especially one of the larger species, having a jellylike appearance.

jerk /d͡ʒɜːk/ /d͡ʒɝk/ n
girfan
(originally, North America, slang, pejorative) A person with unlikable or obnoxious qualities and behavior, typically mean, self-centered, or disagreeable; an arsehole.

jerk off v
hilawisîn
(intransitive, vulgar) To do nothing; to waste time.

jerkin /ˈd͡ʒɜː.kɪn/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.kɪn/ n
saqo
(historical) A type of men's garment popular in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: a close-fitting collarless jacket, with or without sleeves.

jerky /ˈd͡ʒɝki/ n
pastirme
Lean meat cured and preserved by cutting into thin strips and air-drying in the sun.

jet bridge n
til
(aviation) An elevated corridor connecting an airport to a plane, usually enclosed and used for disembarking and embarking passengers and crew.

jettison /-zn̩/ /ˈd͡ʒɛtɪsn̩/ /ˈd͡ʒɛtɪsən/ /ˈd͡ʒɛɾəsən/ /ˈd͡ʒɛɾɪsn̩/ v
avêtin
To eject from a boat, submarine, aircraft, spaceship or hot-air balloon, so as to lighten the load.

jewel /d͡ʒul/ /d͡ʒʉ.əl/ /d͡ʒʉl/ /ˈd͡ʒu.əl/ /ˈd͡ʒuːl/ /ˈd͡ʒuːəl/ /ˈd͡ʒʊəl/ n
kevir
(horology) A bearing for a pivot in a watch, formed of a crystal or precious stone.

jeweler /ˈd͡ʒu(ə)lɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒuːələ/ n
gewhervan
A person whose job is making, repairing or selling jewelry.

jeweller's n
gewhervan
(British, Canadian) A shop that sells jewellery

jewellery /ˈd͡ʒuː(ə)ləɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒuː(ə)lɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒʊ(ə)lɹi/ n
xişr
Collectively, personal ornamentation such as rings, necklaces, brooches and bracelets, made of precious metals and sometimes set with gemstones.

jezve /ˈd͡ʒɛzveɪ/ n
cezo
A Turkish coffee-pot with a long handle.

jiffy /ˈd͡ʒɪ.fi/ n
sanîye
(colloquial) A very short, unspecified length of time. [from 1780.]

jigsaw puzzle n
pazil
A type of puzzle in which the aim is to reconstruct a picture that has been cut (originally, with a jigsaw) into many small interlocking pieces.

jihad /d͡ʒəˈhɑːd/ /d͡ʒɪˈhæd/ /d͡ʒɪˈhɑːd/ /ˈd͡ʒiːhæd/ /ˈd͡ʒiːhɑːd/ n
cîhad
(Islam) A holy war undertaken by Muslims.

jinn /d͡ʒɪn/ n
cin
(Arabic culture) A human-like spiritual or immaterial being, as opposed to al-ins (people), often invisible but able to manifest in form and also inhabit people or animals; origin of the genie of Western literature, film etc.

jizz /ˈd͡ʒɪz/ n
sperma
(vulgar, _, slang) Male ejaculate; sperm, semen.

job /d͡ʒɑb/ /d͡ʒɒb/ n
kar
A task.
An economic role for which a person is paid.
(computing) A task, or series of tasks, carried out in batch mode (especially on a mainframe computer).

jockey /ˈdʒɒki/ n
cokey
One who rides racehorses competitively.

jocular /ˈd͡ʒɑkjəlɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒɒkjʊlə/ adj
dilxweş
Humorous, amusing or joking.

join /ˈd͡ʒɔɪn/ n
yekîtî
An intersection of piping or wiring; an interconnect.

join /ˈd͡ʒɔɪn/ v
یه‌ک خستن
(transitive) To connect or combine into one; to put together.
hevgihiştin
(intransitive) To come together; to meet.
ligelbûn
(transitive) To come into the company of.
bûn endam
(transitive) To become a member of.

joiner /ˈd͡ʒɔɪnə/ /ˈd͡ʒɔɪnɚ/ n
necarr
A maker of wooden furniture or fittings.

joint /d͡ʒɔɪnt/ n
geh
(anatomy) Any part of the body where two bones join, in most cases allowing that part of the body to be bent or straightened.
keman
(slang, with the definite article) Prison, jail, or lockup.
liq
(slang) A marijuana cigarette.

joke /d͡ʒoʊk/ /d͡ʒəʊk/ n
henek
An amusing story.
Something said or done for amusement, not in seriousness.
(figuratively) A laughably worthless thing or person; a sham.

jot /d͡ʒɑt/ /d͡ʒɒt/ n
nuqte
The smallest letter or stroke of any writing; an iota.

journal /ˈd͡ʒɜːnəl/ /ˈd͡ʒɝnəl/ n
rojname
A diary or daily record of a person, organization, vessel etc.; daybook.
(accounting) A chronological record of payments or receipts.
(computing) A chronological record of changes made to a database or other system; along with a backup or image copy that allows recovery after a failure or reinstatement to a previous time; a log.
kovar
A newspaper or magazine dealing with a particular subject.

journalist /ˈd͡ʒɜːnəlɪst/ /ˈd͡ʒɝnəlɪst/ n
rojnamevan
One whose occupation is journalism, originally only writing in the printed press.

journey /ˈd͡ʒɜːni/ /ˈd͡ʒɝni/ n
ger
A set amount of travelling, seen as a single unit; a discrete trip, a voyage.

journey /ˈd͡ʒɜːni/ /ˈd͡ʒɝni/ v
gerîn
To travel, to make a trip or voyage.

joy /d͡ʒɔɪ/ n
şabûnî
A feeling of extreme happiness or cheerfulness, especially related to the acquisition or expectation of something good.

jubilee /ˈd͡ʒubəl/ /ˈd͡ʒubəˌli/ /ˈd͡ʒuːbɪl/ /ˈd͡ʒuːbɪliː/ /ˌd͡ʒubəˈli/ /ˌd͡ʒuːbɪˈliː/ n
jubîle
A major anniversary of an event, particularly the fiftieth (50th) anniversary of a coronation or marriage. [from late 14th c.]

judge /d͡ʒʌd͡ʒ/ v
mehkeme kirin
(transitive) To sit in judgment on; to pass sentence on (a person or matter).
berî
(transitive) To have as an opinion; to consider, suppose.
hebûn
(ambitransitive) To criticize or label another person or thing; to be judgmental toward.

judo /ˈd͡ʒudoʊ/ /ˈd͡ʒuːdəʊ/ n
jûdo
A Japanese martial art and sport adapted from jujutsu.

jumble /d͡ʒʌmbəl/ v
aşiftandin
(transitive) To mix or confuse.

jump /d͡ʒʌmp/ [d͡ʒɐm̥p] n
hêvî
An instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location.
An instance of employing a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location.
An instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body.
A jumping move in a board game.
(mathematics) A discontinuity in the graph of a function, where the function is continuous in a punctured interval of the discontinuity.

jumper /ˈd͡ʒʊmpə/ /ˈd͡ʒʌmpə/ /ˈd͡ʒʌmpɚ/ n
siwar
A short length of electrical conductor, to make a temporary connection. Also jump wire.

junior /ˈd͡ʒuniɚ/ /ˈd͡ʒuːniə/ adj
ciwan
(not comparable, often, preceded by a possessive adjective or a possessive form of a noun) Younger.

junket /ˈd͡ʒʌŋkɪt/ n
cejn
A feast or banquet.

just /d͡ʒəs(t)/ /d͡ʒɛst/ /d͡ʒɪst/ /d͡ʒʌst/ adj
adil
Morally right; upright, righteous, equitable; fair.

just /d͡ʒəs(t)/ /d͡ʒɛst/ /d͡ʒɪst/ /d͡ʒʌst/ adv
bi tenê
Only, simply, merely.
lê
(sentence adverb) Used to reduce the force of an imperative; simply.
gavekî din
Exactly, precisely, perfectly.

just now adv
niha
(Scotland, South Africa, Caribbean) In a little while.

justice /ˈd͡ʒʌstɪs/ n
wezîr
A title given to judges of certain courts; capitalized when placed before a name.

justification /ˌd͡ʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
parêzî
(countable) A reason, explanation, or excuse which someone believes provides convincing, morally acceptable support for behavior or for a belief or occurrence.

justify /ˈd͡ʒʌstɪfaɪ/ v
durist kirin
(transitive, typography) To arrange (text) on a page or a computer screen such that the left and right ends of all lines within paragraphs are aligned.

juvenile /ˈd͡ʒuːvənaɪl/ /ˈd͡ʒuːvənəl/ n
zarrok
A prepubescent child.

kaftan /ˈkæf.tæn/ /ˈkæf.tən/ n
xeftan
A long tunic worn in the Eastern Mediterranean.

kaleidoscope /kəˈlaɪ.dəˌskoʊp/ /kəˈlaɪ.dəˌskəʊp/ n
kaleydoskop
An instrument consisting of a tube containing mirrors and loose, colourful beads or other objects; when the tube is looked into and rotated, a succession of symmetrical designs can be seen. [from 1817]

karma /ˈkɑɹmə/ [ˈkɑɹ.mə] [ˈkɑː.mə] [ˈkəɾm(ə)] n
çarenivîs
A force or law of nature which causes one to reap what one sows; destiny; fate.
(uncommon) A distinctive feeling, aura, or atmosphere.

katydid /ˈkeɪtiˌdɪd/ n
kulî
A relative of grasshoppers and crickets, in the family Tettigoniidae.

kayak /ˈkaɪˌæk/ n
qayîk
A type of small boat, covered over by a surface deck, powered by the occupant or occupants using a double-bladed paddle in a sitting position, from a hole in the surface deck

kaymakam /kʌɪməˈkɑːm/ n
qeymeqam
A lieutenant or deputy in various Turkish contexts, particularly

kazan n
qazan
a cauldron or cooking pot used in Central Asian cuisine

kebab /kəˈbæb/ /kɪˈbæb/ /kɪˈbɑb/ /kɪˈbɑːb/ n
kebab
(British) A dish of pieces of meat, fish, or vegetables roasted on a skewer or spit, especially a doner kebab.

keel /kiːl/ n
birrbirre
(nautical) A large beam along the underside of a ship’s hull from bow to stern.

keen /kin/ /kiːn/ adj
arzûmend
(chiefly, Commonwealth) Often with a prepositional phrase, or with to and an infinitive: showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness; eager, enthusiastic, interested.
agirbar
Fierce, intense, vehement.

keep /kiːp/ [kʰip̚] v
veşartin
(ditransitive) To maintain the condition of; to preserve in a certain state.
dewam kirin
(transitive) To observe; to adhere to; to fulfill; to not swerve from or violate.

keep up v
gihaştin
(intransitive, idiomatic) To stay even or ahead.

keeper /ˈkiːpə/ /ˈkiːpɚ/ n
gard
A person charged with guarding or caring for, storing, or maintaining something; a custodian, a guard; sometimes a gamekeeper.

keffiyeh /kəˈfiː(j)ə/ n
cemedanî
A headdress traditionally worn by some Arabs, also used as a scarf.

ken /kɛn/ /kɪn/ v
zanîn
(transitive, mostly, Scotland) To know, perceive or understand.

kerchief /ˈkɜː.tʃiːf/ /ˈkɜː.tʃɪf/ /ˈkɝ.t͡ʃif/ /ˈkɝ.t͡ʃɪf/ n
destmal
(dated) A piece of cloth used to cover the head; a bandana.

kernel /ˈkɜːnəl/ /ˈkɝnəl/ n
xwe
The core, center, or essence of an object or system.
behîv
(botany) The central (usually edible) part of a nut, especially once the hard shell has been removed.
dendik
(botany, US) The stone of certain fruits, such as peaches or plums.
(computing) The central part of many computer operating systems which manages the system's resources and the communication between hardware and software components.

kestrel /ˈkɛstɹəl/ n
atemce
Any of various small falcons of the genus Falco that hover while hunting.
teztezok
The common kestrel, Falco tinnunculus.

ketchup /ˈkɛt͡ʃ.əp/ /ˈkɛt͡ʃ.ʌp/ n
ketçap
(uncountable, chiefly, US, Canada, UK) Ellipsis of tomato ketchup. A tomato-vinegar-based sauce, sometimes containing spices, onion or garlic, and (especially in the US) sweeteners.

kettle /ˈkɛ.təl/ /ˈkɪtəl/ [ˈkʰɛtᵊɫ̩] [ˈkʰɛɾɫ̩] n
[[چاپه‌ز]]
A vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food, usually metal and equipped with a lid.

key /ki/ /kiː/ [cʰi̞i̯] [kʲʰi̞i̯] adj
kilîl
Indispensable, supremely important.
Important, salient.

key /ki/ /kiː/ [cʰi̞i̯] [kʲʰi̞i̯] n
kilîl enextar
An object designed to open and close a lock.
kilîl
A crucial step or requirement.
enextar kilîd
(music) A scale or group of pitches constituting the basis of a musical composition.
(cryptography) A piece of information (e.g., a password or passphrase) used to encode or decode a message or messages.

keyboard /ˈki.bɔɹd/ /ˈkiː.bɔːd/ n
پیتلێده‌ر
(computing, etc.) A set of keys used to operate a typewriter, computer etc.

keyhole /ˈkiˌhoʊl/ n
kilît
Any small opening resembling the hole for a key in shape or function; especially, one that gives a vista of, or access to, a space beyond.

khagan n
haqan
(historical) A khan of khans, a ruler of a khaganate; (the holder of) an imperial rank used among certain Turkic and Mongolian peoples, equal in status to an emperor.

khan /kɑːn/ n
haqan
(historical) A ruler over various Turkic and Mongol peoples in the Middle Ages.

khanjar /ˈkand͡ʒə/ n
xencer
A kind of dagger used in certain Arabian countries.

kick /kɪk/ [kʰɪk] n
شه‌ق
A hit or strike with the leg, foot or knee.

kick /kɪk/ [kʰɪk] v
avêtin
(transitive, Internet) To forcibly remove a participant from an online activity.

kickstand n
گۆچان
A levered bar that can be folded down from the frame of a bicycle or motorcycle to prop it upright when not being ridden.

kid /kɪd/ n
karik
A young goat.
(uncountable) The meat of a young goat.

kiddie /ˈkɪdi/ [ˈkʰɘɾiː] [ˈkʰɪɾi] n
zarok
(slang, often, attributive) A child.

kidnap /ˈkɪdnæp/ v
hilanîn
(transitive) To seize or detain a person unlawfully and move or conceal them; sometimes for ransom. [from 17th c.]

kidney /ˈkɪdni/ n
gurçik
An organ in the body that filters the blood, producing urine.

kike /kaɪk/ v
لووت
(transitive, offensive, uncommon) To render something more Jewish.

kill /kɪl/ [kʰɪo̯] [kʰɪɫ] [kʰɪʊ̯] n
mirin
The act of killing.

kill /kɪl/ [kʰɪo̯] [kʰɪɫ] [kʰɪʊ̯] v
kuştin
(transitive) To put to death; to extinguish the life of.
(transitive) To use up or to waste.
girtin
(transitive) To render inoperative.
(transitive, figuratively) To stop, cease, or render void; to terminate.
(transitive, figuratively, hyperbole) To cause great pain, discomfort, or distress to; to hurt.

killer /ˈkɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɪlɚ/ [ˈkʰɪlə(ɹ)] [ˈkʰɪɫlɚ] n
qatil
One who or that which kills.

kiln /kɪl(n)/ n
firrne
An oven or furnace or a heated chamber, for the purpose of hardening, burning, calcining or drying anything; for example, firing ceramics, curing or preserving tobacco, or drying grain.

kilogram /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/ n
kîlogram
In the International System of Units, the base unit of mass; conceived of as the mass of one litre of water, but now defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.626 070 15 × 10-34 when expressed in units of kg⋅m2⋅s−1. Symbol: kg

kilometre /kəˈlɑmɪtɚ/ /kɪˈlɑmɪtɚ/ /kɪˈlɒmɪtə/ /kɪˈlɔmɪtəɹ/ /ˈkɪləˌmitəɹ/ /ˈkɪləˌmitɚ/ /ˈkɪləˌmiːtə/ n
kîlometre
(metrology) An SI unit of length equal to 103 metres. Symbol: km

kin /kɪn/ adj
eqrebe
Related by blood or marriage, akin. Generally used in "kin to".

kin /kɪn/ n
eqrebe
One or more relatives, such as siblings or cousins, taken collectively.

kind /kaɪnd/ n
cins
(type theory) The type of a type constructor or a higher-order type operator.

kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹd(ə)n/ /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/ /ˈkɪndəˌɡɑːt(ə)n/ [ˈkʰɪn(d)əɹˌɡɑːɹt̬(ə)n] [ˈkʰɪɾ̃əɹˌɡɑːɹʔn̩] n
zarrokxane
(North America, Australia) An educational institution for young children, usually between ages 4 and 6; nursery school. [from 1852]
asîtan
(North America, Australia) The elementary school grade before first grade.

kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ /ˈkaɪndnɪs/ n
ciwanikî
The state of being kind.
An instance of kind or charitable behaviour.

kindred /ˈkɪndɹəd/ /ˈkɪndɹɪd/ n
eşîr
(often, plural only) People of the same ethnic descent, not including speaker; brethren.

kinesthesiologist n
jîmnastekî

kinetic energy n
enerjiya kînetîk
(physics) The energy possessed by an object because of its motion, equal (nonrelativistically) to one half the mass of the body times the square of its speed.

king /kiŋ/ /kʰɪŋ/ n
key
(chess) The principal chess piece, that players seek to threaten with unavoidable capture to result in a victory by checkmate. It is often the tallest piece, with a symbolic crown with a cross at the top.

king cobra n
şahkobra
A large venomous snake found in East Asia (Ophiophagus hannah), the longest venomous snake in the world.

kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n
mîrnişîn
A realm having a king and/or queen as its actual or nominal sovereign.
مه‌مله‌که‌ت
(taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below domain and above phylum; a taxon at that rank (e.g. the plant kingdom, the animal kingdom).

kingpin /ˈkɪŋ.pɪn/ n
dingil
(transportation) The axis around which steered wheels pivot; a bolt that holds the axis in place—a kingbolt.
(transportation) The pivot or connector between a tractor and trailer in the fifth-wheel coupling of semi-trailer truck.
(ten-pin, _, bowling) The pin at the centre of the triangle of bowling pins (originally the tallest pin in kayles). Sometimes also the headpin at the apex.
The most important person in an undertaking or organization.
The bolt holding together the truck of a roller skate or skateboard.

kinship /ˈkɪnʃɪp/ n
eqrebatî
relation or connection by blood, marriage or adoption

kip /kɪp/ n
zang
(informal, chiefly, UK, Ireland) A very untidy house or room.

kismet /ˈkɪs.mɛt/ /ˈkɪz.mɛt/ n
nesîb
Fate; a predetermined or unavoidable destiny.

kiss /kɪs/ [kʰɪs] n
maç ماچ
A touch with the lips, usually to express love or affection, or as a greeting.

kiss /kɪs/ [kʰɪs] v
ramûsan ramûsandin
(transitive) To touch with the lips or press the lips against, usually to show love or affection or passion, or as part of a greeting.

kiss me phraseologicalUnit
bûse
I informally request that you kiss me—that you touch my lips with your lips or press the lips against, as an expression of love or affection.

kit /kɪt/ n
lîstik
Any collection of items needed for a specific purpose, especially for use by a workman, or personal effects packed for travelling.

kitchen /ˈkɪt͡ʃən/ /ˈkɪt͡ʃɪn/ n
aşxane metbex
A room or area for preparing food.
(slang) A public gaming room in a casino.

kitchendom /ˈkɪt͡ʃ(ə)nˌdəm/ /ˈkɪt͡ʃ(ɪ)ndəm/ n
metbex
(dated) The domain of the kitchen or people who work there. [from mid 19th c.]

kite /kaɪt/ n
firfirok
(geometry) A polygon resembling the shape of a traditional toy kite (sense 3): a quadrilateral having two pairs of edges of equal length, the edges of each pair touching each other at one end.
(sailing, dated) In a square-rigged ship: originally a sail positioned above a topsail; later a lightweight sail set above the topgallants, such as a studding sail or a jib topsail.

kith /kɪθ/ n
dostî
(archaic, or, obsolete, uncountable) Friends and acquaintances.
(Northern England, Scotland, rural, countable) An acquaintance or a friend.

knave /neɪv/ n
rûpel
(archaic) A boy; especially, a boy servant.
piyon
(cards) A playing card marked with the figure of a servant or soldier; a jack.

knee /kniː/ /ni/ /niː/ n
jinû
In humans, the joint or the region of the joint in the middle part of the leg between the thigh and the shank.

kneecap /ˈniːˌkæp/ n
qumik
(anatomy) The flat, roundish bone in the knee.

knife /naɪf/ n
kêr
A utensil or a tool designed for cutting, consisting of a flat piece of hard material, usually steel or other metal (the blade), usually sharpened on one edge, attached to a handle. The blade may be pointed for piercing.
A weapon designed with the aforementioned specifications intended for slashing and/or stabbing and too short to be called a sword. A dagger.
Any blade-like part in a tool or a machine designed for cutting, such as that of a chipper.

knight /naɪt/ n
şovalye
(by extension) An armored and mounted warrior of the Middle Ages.
(modern) A person on whom a knighthood has been conferred by a monarch.

knit /ˈnɪt/ v
ava kirin
(transitive) To combine from various elements.

knob /nɑb/ /nɒb/ n
destî
A rounded protuberance, especially one arising from a flat surface; a fleshy lump or caruncle.
A rounded control switch that can be turned on its axis, designed to be operated by the fingers.
gûz
(cooking) A dollop, an amount just larger than a spoonful (usually referring to butter).

knock /nɑk/ /nɒk/ v
dizî kirin
(intransitive) To rap one's knuckles against something, especially wood.
gemişandin
(transitive, Britain, slang, dated) To impress forcibly or strongly; to astonish; to move to admiration or applause.

knock it off v
girtin
(colloquial, mostly, imperative, idiom) To cease doing something, particularly annoying or unpleasant; to desist.

knot /nɑt/ /nɒt/ n
دوگمه‌
A looping of a piece of string or of any other long, flexible material that cannot be untangled without passing one or both ends of the material through its loops.
(mathematics) A non-self-intersecting closed curve in (e.g., three-dimensional) space that is an abstraction of a knot (in sense 1 above).
(aviation) A unit of indicated airspeed, calibrated airspeed, or equivalent airspeed, which varies in its relation to the unit of speed so as to compensate for the effects of different ambient atmospheric conditions on aircraft performance.

know /noʊ/ /nəʊ/ [nəʉ] v
zanîn
(transitive) To perceive the truth or factuality of; to be certain of; to be certain that.
(intransitive) To have knowledge; to have information, be informed.
(transitive, philosophy) To maintain (a belief, a position) subject to a given philosophical definition of knowledge; to hold a justified true belief.

know of v
nasîn
(transitive) To be aware of the existence of someone or something, but to have little or no other knowledge beyond that point.

knowledge /ˈnoʊlɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈnɑlɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈnɒlɪd͡ʒ/ n
agahî
The fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc. [from 14th c.]
zanist
The total of what is known; all information and products of learning. [from 16th c.]

known /noʊn/ /nəʊn/ /ˈnɐʉ.wən/ /ˈnɐʉn/ adj
aşîkar
Identified as a specific type; famous, renowned.

koala /koʊ.ˈɑː.lə/ /kə.ˈwɑː.lə/ /kəʊ.ˈɑː.lə/ /ˈkwɑː.lə/ n
hirçolek
A tree-dwelling marsupial, Phascolarctos cinereus, that resembles a small bear with a broad head, large ears and sharp claws, mainly found in eastern Australia.

kolkhoz /-kɒs/ /-kɔs/ /-kɔz/ /kol-/ /kɒl-/ /kɔːl-/ /kəlˈkɒz/ n
komeleya çandinê ya ji çend malbatan li Yekîtiya Sovyetan
(historical) A farming collective in the former Soviet Union.

komboskini n
tizbî
(Christianity) A rope of usually 33, 50 or 100 knots, used in meditative prayer in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic tradition, to count one's recitations of the Jesus Prayer.

kosher /ˈkoʊʃɚ/ /ˈkɑʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɔʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈkəʊʃə/ adj
کاشەر
(Judaism) Fit for use or consumption, in accordance with Jewish law (especially relating to food).

kowtow /ˈkaʊˌtaʊ/ v
bûn
(intransitive, figuratively) To grovel, act in a very submissive manner.

kudos /ˈkjuːdɒs/ /ˈkuː.doʊs/ /ˈkuː.doʊz/ n
spas
Praise; accolades.

kulak /ˈkulæk/ /ˈkuːlak/ n
kûlak
(historical) A prosperous peasant in the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union, who owned land and could hire workers.

kurash n
gulaş

label /ˈleɪbəl/ v
meth
(transitive) To put a label (a ticket or sign) on (something).

labia /ˈleɪ.bi.ə/ n
lêv
folds of tissue at opening of vulva

laboratory /ləˈbɒɹət(ə)ɹi/ /ləˈbɔɹ.ə.tɹiː/ /ləˈbɔɹətɹi/ /ləˈbɔɹəˌtɔɹi/ /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ /ˈlæbɹəˌtɔɹi/ /ˈlɛb.ɹəˌtoːɹ.iː/ n
laboratuar
A room, building or institution equipped for scientific research, experimentation or analysis.
A place where chemicals, drugs or microbes are prepared or manufactured.

laborer /ˈleɪ.bɚ.ɹɚ/ n
karker
One who uses bodily strength rather than intellect to earn a wage, usually hourly.

labour /ˈleɪ.bə/ /ˈleɪ.bɚ/ n
xebat
(uncountable) Workers in general; the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.
kar
(medicine, obstetrics) The act of a mother giving birth.
The time period during which a mother gives birth.

labour /ˈleɪ.bə/ /ˈleɪ.bɚ/ v
kar kirin
(intransitive) To toil, to work.

labour force n
hêza kar
The collective group of people who are available for employment, whether currently employed or unemployed (though sometimes only those unemployed people who are seeking work are included).

labyrinth /ˈlæb.ə.ɹɪnθ/ /ˈlæb.ɹɪnθ/ n
alole
(gardening) A maze formed by paths separated by high hedges.
(anatomy) A complex structure in the inner ear which contains the organs of hearing and balance. It consists of bony cavities (the bony labyrinth) filled with fluid and lined with sensitive membranes (the membranous labyrinth).

labyrinth seal n
alole
A type of mechanical seal that provides a tortuous path to help prevent leakage.

lachrymose /ˈlæk.ɹɪ.moʊs/ adj
giriyokî
Tearful, sorrowful, sad, pertaining to tears, weeping, causing tears or crying.

lack /læk/ n
kêm
A deficiency or need (of something desirable or necessary); an absence, want.

lackluster /ˈlæklʌstə(ɹ)/ adj
zenûn
Having no shine or lustre; dull.
alelade
(figurative) Not exceptional; not worthy of special merit, attention, or interest; having no vitality.

lad /læd/ /ləd/ n
kur
A boy or young man.
A familiar term of address for a young man.

ladle /ˈleɪ.dəl/ n
kefçe
A deep-bowled spoonlike utensil with a long, usually curved, handle.
girfan
(metallurgy) A container used in a foundry to transport and pour out molten metal.

lagniappe /lænˈjæp/ /ˈlænjæp/ n
خزمه‌ت
(chiefly, Louisiana, Mississippi, Trinidad and Tobago) An extra or unexpected gift or benefit, such as that given to customers when they purchase something.

laid-back adj
rehetî
relaxed and easy-going; demonstrating an absence of stress or worry

lair /lɛə/ /lɛɚ/ n
zang
A place inhabited by a wild animal, often a cave or a hole in the ground.
A shed or shelter for domestic animals.

lake /leɪk/ n
deryaçe
(now, _, chiefly, _, dialectal) A small stream of running water; a channel for water; a drain.

lamb /læm/ [leəm] n
berx
A young sheep.
(figuratively) A person who is meek, docile and easily led.
berxê
(uncountable) The flesh of a lamb or sheep used as food.

lame /leɪm/ adj
bêtam
(colloquial) Synonym of uncool, uninteresting, or unfunny.

lamina /ˈlæm.ɪ.nə/ [ˈlɛəm.ɪ.nə] n
devik
A thin layer, plate, or scale of material.

lamp /læmp/ [leəmp] [lɛəmp] [lɛːmp] n
lampe
A device that generates heat, light or other radiation. Especially an electric light bulb.

land /lænd/ [ɫeə̯nd] n
welat
The part of Earth which is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water.
A country or region.
(agriculture) The ground left unploughed between furrows; any of several portions into which a field is divided for ploughing.
erd
Real estate or landed property; a partitioned and measurable area which is owned and acquired and on which buildings and structures can be built and erected.
A person's country of origin and/or homeplace; homeland.

land /lænd/ [ɫeə̯nd] v
welat
(transitive) To bring to land.

land mine /ˈlænd.maɪn/ n
lexem
(military) A mine that is placed on land and designed to explode when stepped upon or touched.

landfill /ˈlænd.fɪl/ n
qirêj
(countable) A site at which refuse is buried under layers of earth.

landscape /ˈlan(d)skeɪp/ /ˈlæn(d)skɪp/ n
asoyî
(computing, printing, uncountable) a mode of printing where the horizontal sides are longer than the vertical sides

lane /leɪn/ n
جادھ
A lengthwise division of roadway intended for a single line of vehicles.
(athletics) A similar division of a racetrack to keep runners apart.

language /ˈlæŋɡwɪd͡ʒ/ [ˈleɪŋɡwɪd͡ʒ] n
ziman
(countable) A body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication.
(uncountable) The ability to communicate using words.
(uncountable) A sublanguage: the slang of a particular community or jargon of a particular specialist field.
(countable, uncountable, figurative) The expression of thought (the communication of meaning) in a specified way; that which communicates something, as language does.
(computing, countable) A computer language; a machine language.
(uncountable) The particular words used in a speech or a passage of text.

language family n
malbata zimanî
(linguistics) A set of languages which have evolved from a common ancestor.

language isolate n
zimanê îzolekirî
(linguistics) A natural language with no proven genetic relationship to another language.

languish /ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ v
leq bûn
(intransitive) To lose strength and become weak; to be in a state of weakness or sickness. [from 14th c.]
mirin
(intransitive) To pine away in longing for something; to have low spirits, especially from lovesickness. [from 14th c.]

lanner falcon n
laçin
Falco biarmicus, a large bird of prey found in Africa, southeast Europe, and southwest Asia.

lanthanum /ˈlænθənəm/ n
lantan
(uncountable) A chemical element (symbol La) with an atomic number of 57: a soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes slowly when exposed to air.

lap /læp/ n
bersîng
The part of the clothing that lies on the knees or thighs when one sits down; that part of the person thus covered.
The upper legs of a seated person.

lapis lazuli /ləˈzu.li/ /ˈlaz.jʊ.li/ /ˈlæz.(j)ə.laɪ/ /ˈlæʒ.ə.laɪ/ /ˈlæʒ.ə.li/ /ˌlap.ɪs ˈlaz.jʊ.laɪ/ /ˌlæp.ɪs ˈlæz.(j)ə.li/ n
lacîwerd
A deep, bright blue, like that of the stone.

larch /ˈlɑɹt͡ʃ/ /ˈlɑːtʃ/ n
dureg
(countable) A coniferous tree, of genus Larix, having deciduous leaves, in fascicles.

large /lɑɹd͡ʒ/ /lɑːd͡ʒ/ adj
fire
Of considerable or relatively great size or extent.

large intestine n
rûviya stûr
(anatomy) The second to last part of the digestive system, comprising the cecum, colon and rectum.

large-scale adj
fire
Large in amount, scope or extent.

large-sized adj
gewre

largesse /lɑɹˈ(d)ʒɛs/ /lɑːˈ(d)ʒɛs/ n
diyarî
(also, figuratively) A specific gift of money, etc., given in this way, specifically (historical) at harvest time; a donation, a gratuity.

lark /lɑɹk/ /lɑːk/ n
کڵاوکوره‌
Any of various small, singing passerine birds of the family Alaudidae.
(by extension) One who wakes early; one who is up with the larks.

larynx /ˈlæ.ɹɪŋks/ /ˈlæɹ.ɪŋks/ /ˈlɛɹ.ɪŋks/ n
qirrik
(anatomy, zootomy) A hollow muscular organ of the neck of mammals situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the oesophagus. It is involved in breath control and protection of the trachea, and, because it houses the vocal cords, sound production.

lass /læs/ n
dot
(archaic, _, in some dialects, informal) A young woman or girl.

last /last/ /læst/ /lɑːst/ /ɫast/ adj
dawî
Final, ultimate, coming after all others of its kind.
Being the only one remaining of its class.

last /last/ /læst/ /lɑːst/ /ɫast/ v
ajotin
(intransitive) To endure, continue over time.

lasting /ˈlastɪŋ/ /ˈleəstɪŋ/ /ˈlæstɪŋ/ /ˈlɑːstɪŋ/ adj
berdewamî
Persisting for an extended period of time.

late /leɪt/ adj
derneg
Near the end of a period of time.
agir
(not comparable, euphemistic) Deceased, dead: used particularly when speaking of the dead person's actions while alive. (Generally must be preceded by a possessive or an article, commonly "the"; see usage notes. Can itself only precede the person's name, never follow it.)

late /leɪt/ adv
derneg
After a deadline has passed, past a designated time.

later on adv
piştî hingê

lathe /leɪð/ v
zivirîn
To shape with a lathe.

latitude /ˈlæt.ə.tjud/ /ˈlæt.ɪ.tjuːd/ /ˈlæt.ɪ.tud/ n
hêlîpan
(geography, astronomy, countable) The angular distance north or south from a planet's equator, measured along the meridian of that particular point.
(geography) An imaginary line (in the form of a circumference) around a planet running parallel to the planet's equator.
(astronomy) The angular distance of a heavenly body from the ecliptic.
azadî
(figurative) The relative freedom from restrictions; scope to do something.

latter /ˈlæt.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlæt.əɹ/ [ˈlæɾ.ɚ] adj
sanîye
Relating to or being the second of two items.

laud /lɑd/ /lɔd/ /lɔːd/ v
meth
(transitive, intransitive) To praise; to glorify.

laugh /laf/ /laːf/ /læf/ /lɑːf/ n
kenîn
An expression of mirth particular to the human species; the sound heard in laughing; laughter.

laugh /laf/ /laːf/ /læf/ /lɑːf/ v
kenîn
(intransitive) To show mirth, satisfaction, or derision, by peculiar movement of the muscles of the face, particularly of the mouth, causing a lighting up of the face and eyes, and usually accompanied by the emission of explosive or chuckling sounds from the chest and throat; to indulge in laughter.

laughing stock n
ken
(idiomatic) An object of ridicule, someone who is publicly ridiculed; the butt of a joke.

laughter /ˈlæftɚ/ /ˈlɑːftə/ n
ken
A movement (usually involuntary) of the muscles of the laughing face, particularly of the lips, and of the whole body, with a peculiar expression of the eyes, indicating merriment, satisfaction or derision, and usually attended by a sonorous and interrupted expulsion of air from the lungs.

launch /lɑnt͡ʃ/ /lɑːnt͡ʃ/ /lɔnt͡ʃ/ /lɔːnt͡ʃ/ [lɒnt͡ʃ] v
vebûn
(transitive) To send out; to start (someone) on a mission or project; to give a start to (something); to put in operation

launder /ˈlɑndɚ/ /ˈlɑːndə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɔndɚ/ /ˈlɔːndə/ v
şûştin
To wash; to wash, and to smooth with a flatiron or mangle; to wash and iron.

laundry /ˈlɑn.dɹi/ /ˈlɑːn.dɹi/ /ˈlɔːn.dɹi/ n
şûştin
A place or room where laundering is done - including, by extension, other forms of laundering than clothes washing.

laurel /ˈlɒɹ.əl/ /ˈlɔɹ.əl/ /ˈlɔːɹ.əl/ n
gulbend
Laurus nobilis, an evergreen shrub having aromatic leaves of a lanceolate shape, with clusters of small, yellowish white flowers in their axils.

law /lɑ/ /lɔ/ /lɔː/ /ɫoː/ n
qanûn
Any rule that must or should be obeyed, concerning behaviours and their consequences. (Compare mores.)

lawrencium /ləˈɹɛnsiəm/ n
lavrensiyûm lawrensiyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Lr, formerly Lw) with atomic number 103.

lawyer /ˈlɔ.jɚ/ /ˈlɔɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɔɪ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔːjə(ɹ)/ n
eboqat
A professional person qualified (as by a law degree or bar exam) and authorized to practice law as an attorney-at-law, solicitor, advocate, barrister or equivalent, i.e. represent parties in lawsuits or trials and give legal advice.

lay /leɪ/ v
ava bûn
To place down in a position of rest, or in a horizontal position.

lay waste v
herîfandin
(transitive) To completely destroy, especially of a geographical area or region.

layer /lɛə/ /lɛɚ/ /ˈleɪ.ə/ /ˈleɪ.ɚ/ n
nizm
An item of clothing worn under or over another.
A (usually) horizontal deposit; a stratum.
tebeqe
A single thickness of some material covering a surface.

layer /lɛə/ /lɛɚ/ /ˈleɪ.ə/ /ˈleɪ.ɚ/ v
tebeqe
(ambitransitive) To arrange in layers.

layman /ˈleɪmən/ n
dinyewî
(by extension) Someone who is not a professional in a given field.

lazy /ˈleɪzi/ adj
eware
Unwilling to do work or make an effort; disinclined to exertion.

lazybones n
tembel
(slang) A person who is lazy.

lead /lɛd/ n
sirb
(uncountable) A heavy, pliable, inelastic metal element, having a bright, bluish color, but easily tarnished; both malleable and ductile, though with little tenacity. It is easily fusible, forms alloys with other metals, and is an ingredient of solder and type metal. Atomic number 82, symbol Pb (from Latin plumbum).
(slang) bullets; ammunition.

lead /lɛd/ v
sirb
(transitive) To cover, fill, or affect with lead.
(transitive, printing, historical) To place leads between the lines of.

leadership /ˈlidɚʃɪp/ /ˈliːdəʃɪp/ n
birêveberî
The capacity of someone to lead others.

leaf /liːf/ n
pel
Anything resembling the leaf of a plant.
(publishing, bookbinding, advertising) A sheet of a book, magazine, etc (consisting of two pages, one on each face of the leaf).
A sheet of any substance beaten or rolled until very thin.

leaf through v
tevdan
(transitive) To turn the pages of (a book) idly, reading short sections at random.

leak /liːk/ v
baz dan
(ambitransitive) To allow fluid or gas to pass through an opening that should be sealed.

lean /liːn/ adj
giran
(of a person or animal) Slim; not fleshy.
داماو
Having a low proportion or concentration of a desired substance or ingredient.

lean /liːn/ v
پاڵدانه‌وه‌
To hang outwards.
To press against.

leap /lip/ /liːp/ /lɛp/ n
hêvî
The act of leaping or jumping.
(figuratively) A significant move forward.

leap year /ˈlip ˌjɪ(ə)ɹ/ /ˈliːp ˌjɪə/ n
sala bermayî
A year in the Julian or Gregorian calendar with an intercalary day added to February (in the Gregorian calendar, February 29), used to adjust for the extra hours of the solar year; a 366-day year.

leather /ˈlɛðə/ /ˈlɛðɚ/ /ˈlʌðəɹ/ adj
çerm
Made of leather.

leather /ˈlɛðə/ /ˈlɛðɚ/ /ˈlʌðəɹ/ n
çerm
A tough material produced from the skin of animals, by tanning or similar process, used e.g. for clothing.

leave /liv/ /liːv/ n
destûr
Permission to be absent; time away from one's work.
lîstok
(dated) Farewell, departure.

leave /liv/ /liːv/ v
berdan
(transitive) To cause or allow (something) to remain as available; to refrain from taking (something) away; to stop short of consuming or otherwise depleting (something) entirely.
(transitive) To transfer possession of after death.
(transitive) To transfer responsibility or attention of (something) (to someone); to stop being concerned with.
çûn
(transitive) To give (something) to someone; to deliver (something) to a repository; to deposit.

leave alone v
berdan
(transitive) To stop bothering (a person).

leblebi n
leblebî
A kind of snack made from roasted chickpeas

lecher /lɛt͡ʃ.ə(ɹ)/ n
beraz
A lecherous person.

lecture /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃɚ/ n
ders
A spoken lesson or exposition, usually delivered to a group.

lecturer /ˈlɛktʃəɹə/ /ˈlɛkt͡ʃəɹɚ/ n
xwendevan
A person who gives lectures, especially as a profession.

lede /lid/ /liːd/ n
kelaw
(chiefly, US, journalism) The introductory paragraph or paragraphs of a newspaper, or a news or other type of article; the lead or lead-in. [from mid 20th c.]

leech /liːt͡ʃ/ n
arbijî
An aquatic blood-sucking annelid of class Hirudinea, especially Hirudo medicinalis.
(figuratively) A person who derives profit from others in a parasitic fashion.
cenaze
(nautical) The vertical edge of a square sail.

leek /liːk/ n
pirasa
A vegetable of variety variety, having edible leaves and an onion-like bulb but with a milder flavour than the onion.

left /ˈlɛft/ n
چه‌پ
The left side or direction.
(politics) The left-wing political parties as a group; citizens holding left-wing views as a group.

left wing n
çep
(politics) The more left-wing faction of a group, party, or group of parties.

left-winger n
çep
(political) A person who espouses left-wing political views.

leg /leɪɡ/ /lɛɡ/ n
لاق
In humans, the lower limb extending from the groin to the ankle.
(anatomy) The portion of the lower limb of a human that extends from the knee to the ankle.
lîstok
(sports) A single game or match played in a tournament or other sporting contest.
hestî
In a grain elevator, the case containing the lower part of the belt which carries the buckets.
(cricket, attributive) Denotes the half of the field on the same side as the batsman's legs; the left side for a right-handed batsman.

legal /ˈliɡəl/ /ˈliː.ɡəl/ adj
dadî
Relating to the law or to lawyers.

legal person n
hukmê şexs
(legal) An aggregate of people, legal entity, or body corporate who have (some of) the legal rights and responsibilities of a natural person under the law.

legal representative n
eboqat
(law) One who represents or acts on behalf of another under authority recognised by law, such as a parent or guardian of a minor, a manager of a legal person, etc.

legality n
meşrûiyet
Lawfulness.

legalize /ˈliːɡəlaɪz/ v
destûr dan
To make legal or permit under law. Either by decriminalising something that has been illegal or by specifically permitting it.

legislation /ˌlɛd͡ʒɪsˈleɪʃən/ n
qanûn
The act of legislating; preparation and enactment of laws.
Law which has been enacted by legislature or other governing body

legitimate /ləˈd͡ʒɪt.ɪ.meɪt/ /ləˈd͡ʒɪt.ɪ.mət/ /lɪˈd͡ʒɪt.ɪ.meɪt/ /lɪˈd͡ʒɪt.ɪ.mət/ adj
bimantiq
Conforming to known principles, or established or accepted rules or standards; valid.
heqîqî
Authentic, real, genuine.

legume /ləˈɡjuːm/ /lɪˈɡjuːm/ /ˈlɛɡ.juːm/ n
sebze
(botany) The fruit or seed of leguminous plants (as peas or beans) used for food.

lemon /ˈlɛm.ən/ /ˈlɪm.ɪn/ n
lîmon
A yellowish citrus fruit.
(slang) A defective or inadequate item or individual.

lemonade /ˈlɛmənˌeɪd/ /ˌlɛmənˈeɪd/ n
gazoz
(UK, AU, NZ) A clear, usually carbonated, beverage made from lemon or artificial lemon flavouring, water, and sugar.

length /leɪn(t)θ/ /lɛn(t)θ/ /lɛŋ(k)θ/ n
dirêjahî
The distance measured along the longest dimension of an object.

lengthy adj
dirêj
Having length; long and overextended, especially in time rather than dimension.

lenient /ˈliːni.ənt/ adj
bexşende
Lax; not strict; tolerant of dissent or deviation.

lens /lɛnz/ n
hawêne
An object, usually made of glass, that focuses or defocuses the light that passes through it.
nîsk
A device which focuses or defocuses electron beams.
(geometry) A convex shape bounded by two circular arcs, joined at their endpoints, the corresponding concave shape being a lune.
(biology) A genus of the legume family; its bean.

lentil /ˈlɛntəl/ n
nîsk
Any of several plants of the genus Lens, especially Lens culinaris, from southwest Asia, that have edible, lens-shaped seeds within flattened pods.
The seed of these plants, used as food.

leopard /ˈlɛpəd/ /ˈlɛpɚd/ n
leopar
Panthera pardus, a large wild cat with a spotted coat native to Africa and Asia, especially the male of the species (in contrast to leopardess) .

lesbian /ˈlɛz.bi.ən/ /ˈlɛz.bɪ.ən/ adj
lezbiyen
(of a woman) Homosexual, gay; preferring exclusively women as romantic or sexual partners.
(of a woman, broadly) Preferring primarily women as romantic or sexual partners.
(of a romantic or sexual act or relationship) Between two or more women; homosexual, gay.
(especially of an institution or group) Intended for lesbians.

lesbian /ˈlɛz.bi.ən/ /ˈlɛz.bɪ.ən/ n
lezbiyen
A gay woman, one who is mostly or exclusively sexually or romantically attracted to other women.

lesion /ˈliːʒən/ v
birrîn
(transitive) To wound or injure, especially in an experiment or other controlled procedure.

lesson /ˈlɛsən/ [ˈlɛsn̩] n
ders
A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
Something learned or to be learned.
Something that serves as a warning or encouragement.

let /lɛt/ v
berdan
(transitive) To allow to, not to prevent (+ infinitive, but usually without to).
(transitive) To allow the release of (a fluid).

let be v
çêkirin
(mathematics) Used to assign a value to a symbol.

let down v
daketin
(transitive) To allow to descend.

let go v
berdan
(intransitive, with of, and, transitive, with object before go) To release from one's grasp; to go from a state of holding on to a state of no longer holding on.
dan girtin
To emotionally disengage or distract oneself from a situation.

let know v
gotin
(ditransitive) To inform (someone) (of something).

let's /lɛts/ v
dayîn
Used to form the cohortative of verbs, equivalent of the first-person plural imperative in some other languages.

let's go phraseologicalUnit
haydê
Hortative of go, particularly as an cheer expressing encouragement.
(colloquial) Hurry up; be quick.

letter /ˈletə/ /ˈlɛtə/ /ˈlɛtɚ/ [-ɾə] [-ɾɚ] n
پیت
A symbol in an alphabet.

lettuce /ˈlɛtus/ /ˈlɛtəs/ /ˈlɛtɪs/ [ˈlɛɾəs] [ˈlɛɾɪs] n
کاهو
An edible plant, Lactuca sativa and its close relatives, having a head of green and/or purple leaves.
(uncountable) The leaves of the lettuce plant, eaten as a vegetable; as a dish often mixed with other ingredients, dressing etc.

leukemia /luːˈkiːmi.ə/ n
losemî
Any of a class of types of cancer affecting the blood cells, especially the white blood cells (usually with massive leukocytosis), and the blood cell–forming (hematopoietic) tissues.

leukocyte /ˈluːkə(ʊ)sʌɪt/ n
xiroka spî
(hematology, cytology, immunology) Any of a class of blood cells that play various roles in cell-mediated immunity.

lev /lɛv/ n
şêr
The currency of Bulgaria, divided into 100 stotinki.

level /ˈlɛv.əl/ n
qat
A tool for finding whether a surface is level, or for creating a horizontal or vertical line of reference.
A distance relative to a given reference elevation.
Degree or amount.
(video games) One of several discrete segments of a game, generally increasing in difficulty and representing different locations in the game world.
(role-playing games, video games) A numeric value that quantifies a character, ability, or item's experience and power.
A floor of a multi-storey building.
(Singapore, education) A school grade or year.

levin /ˈlɛvɪn/ n
birq
(archaic, poetic) Lightning; a bolt of lightning; also, a bright flame or light.

levy /ˈlɛ.vi/ n
bac
The tax, property, or people so levied.

levy /ˈlɛ.vi/ v
hilatin
(transitive) To impose (a tax or fine) to collect monies due, or to confiscate property.

lexicon /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kɑn/ /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kɒn/ /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kən/ n
bêjename
فه رهه نگ
The vocabulary of a language.
ferheng
A dictionary of Classical Greek, Hebrew, Latin, or Aramaic.
(rare) Any dictionary.

liability /laɪəˈbɪlɪti/ n
deyn
An obligation, debt or responsibility owed to someone.

liar /ˈlaɪ.ə/ /ˈlaɪ.ɚ/ n
derewker
A person who frequently lies; someone who tells a lie.

libation /laɪˈbeɪʃən/ n
vexwirak
(often, _, humorous) A beverage, especially an alcoholic one.

libel /ˈlaɪbəl/ n
carisî

libel /ˈlaɪbəl/ v
reş kirin
To defame (someone), especially in a manner that meets the legal definition of libel.

liberal /ˈlɪbəɹəl/ /ˈlɪbɹəl/ adj
vekirî

liberalism n
lîberalîzm
The quality of being liberal.
(politics) Any political movement founded on the autonomy and personal freedom of the individual, progress and reform, and government by law with the consent of the governed.

liberty /ˈlɪb.ə.ti/ /ˈlɪb.ɚ.ti/ /ˈlɪb.ɪ.ti/ [ˈlɪb.ɚ.ɾi] [ˈlɪb.ɪ.ɾi] n
azadî
The condition of being free from control or restrictions.

libido /lɪˈbiː.dəʊ/ n
lîbîdo
(common usage) Sexual urges or drives.
(psychology) Drives or mental energies related to or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.

library /ˈlaɪbɹi/ /ˈlaɪbɹəɹi/ /ˈlaɪˌbɛɹi/ /ˈlaɪˌbɹɛɹi/ n
pirtûkxane
An institution which holds books and/or other forms of media for use by the public or qualified people often lending them out, as well as providing various other services for its users.
A collection of books or other forms of stored information.
(genetics) A collection of DNA material from a single organism or relative to a single disease.

libre /-bɹeɪ/ /ˈlibɹə/ /ˈliːbɹə/ [ˈlibʁ] adj
azad
(software) With very few limitations on distribution or the right to access the source code to create improved versions, but not necessarily free of charge. [from late 20th c.]

license /ˈlaɪsəns/ n
destûr
A legal document giving official permission to do something; a permit.

license /ˈlaɪsəns/ v
destûr
To authorize officially.
To give formal authorization to use.

lick /lɪk/ v
mêjîn
(transitive) To lap; to take in with the tongue.

lie /laɪ̯/ n
derew
An intentionally false statement; an intentional falsehood.

lie /laɪ̯/ v
direw kirin
(intransitive) To give false information intentionally with intent to deceive.

lie down v
ava bûn
(intransitive) To assume a horizontal position.

life /laɪf/ n
jiyan
(uncountable) The state of organisms preceding their death, characterized by biological processes such as metabolism and reproduction and distinguishing them from inanimate objects; the state of being alive and living.
A worthwhile existence.
Something which is inherently part of a person's existence, such as job, family, a loved one, etc.
The period during which one (a person, an animal, a plant; a civilization, species; a star; etc) is alive.
Nature, reality, and the forms that exist in it.

lifeguard n
ambulans
A lifesaver: a rescuer, usually an expert swimmer, employed to save swimmers in trouble or near drowning at a body of water.

lifelessness n
bêcanî
The property of being lifeless, the lack of apparent animation.

lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n
jiyan
The duration of the life of someone or something.
(informal, hyperbole) A long period of time.

lift /lɪft/ v
hilatin
(transitive) To remove (a ban, restriction, etc.).
berz kirin
To try to raise something; to exert the strength for raising or bearing.

light /laɪt/ /lʌɪt/ [ɫɐɪ̯ʔ] n
ronahî ronî
(physics, uncountable) Electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range visible to the human eye (about 400–750 nanometers); visible light.
(countable) A source of illumination.
(figurative) Spiritual or mental illumination; enlightenment, useful information.

light bulb /ˈlaɪtˌbʌlb/ n
lampe
An evacuated glass bulb containing a metal filament which is heated by electrical resistance to produce light.
(by extension) An article that resembles such a bulb and converts electricity to light by any process.

light year /ˈlaɪt.jɜː/ /ˈlaɪt.jɪə/ /ˈlaɪt.jɪɹ/ /ˈläːt.jøː/ n
saletîrêj
(astronomy) A unit of length (abbreviation ly; equal to just under 10 trillion kilometres (1016 metres)) equal to the distance light travels in one Julian year; used to measure extremely large distances.

lighter /ˈlaɪtə/ /ˈlaɪtɚ/ [ˈlaɪɾɚ] n
[[چه‌رخ]]
A device used to light things, especially a reusable handheld device for creating fire to light cigarettes.

lighthearted adj
dilxweş
Joyful, glad, taking pleasure in being alive; not depressed or sad.

lighthouse /ˈlaɪthaʊs/ n
fanûsgeh
A tower or other structure exhibiting a light or lights to warn or guide sailors.

lightness /ˈlaɪtnəs/ n
ronahî
(uncountable) the relative whiteness or transparency of a colour

lightning /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ [ˈlɐɪ̯ʔ.nɪŋ] [ˈlʌɪ̯ʔ.nɪŋ] n
birûsk
A flash of light produced by short-duration, high-voltage discharge of electricity within a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the earth.
A discharge of this kind.

lightning bolt n
birq
A single, visible discharge of lightning.

like /laɪ̯k/ /læ̙ːk/ /lɑːk/ /lɔɪ̯k/ adj
cenaze
Similar.

like /laɪ̯k/ /læ̙ːk/ /lɑːk/ /lɔɪ̯k/ particle
çawa
(colloquial) Used to precede an approximate quotation or paraphrase or an expression of something that happened.

like /laɪ̯k/ /læ̙ːk/ /lɑːk/ /lɔɪ̯k/ preposition
mîna
Similar to, reminiscent of
Such as

like /laɪ̯k/ /læ̙ːk/ /lɑːk/ /lɔɪ̯k/ v
jê hez kirin
(obsolete) To have an appearance or expression; to look; to seem to be (in a specified condition).
To find attractive; to prefer the company of; to have mild romantic feelings for.
hez kirin
(Internet, transitive) To show support for, or approval of, something posted on the Internet by marking it with a vote.

likeness /ˈlaɪknəs/ n
nîgar
That which closely resembles; a portrait.

likewise /ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz/ adv
hosa
(manner) In a similar manner.

lilac /ˈlaɪlæk/ /ˈlaɪlɑk/ /ˈlaɪlək/ n
lîlek
A flower of the lilac shrub.

lilliputian /ˌlɪlɪˈpjuʃən/ adj
بچووک
Very small, diminutive

lily of the valley n
xeydoka gulanê
A flowering plant, Convallaria majalis, with richly fragrant pendant bells.

limb /lɪm/ n
alaş
A branch of a tree.
(archery) The part of the bow, from the handle to the tip.

lime /laɪm/ n
kisl
(chemistry) Any inorganic material containing calcium, usually calcium oxide (quicklime) or calcium hydroxide (slaked lime).

limestone /ˈlaɪmˌstoʊn/ /ˈlaɪmˌstəʊn/ n
berespî
An abundant rock of marine and fresh-water sediments; primarily composed of calcite (CaCO3); it occurs in a variety of forms, both crystalline and amorphous.

limit /ˈlɪmt/ /ˈlɪmɪt/ v
sînor danîn
(transitive) To restrict; not to allow to go beyond a certain bound, to set boundaries.

limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ adj
bisînor
With certain (often specified) limits placed upon it.

line /laɪn/ /lɑɪn/ [lɑe̯n] n
dirust
(cricket) The horizontal path of a ball towards the batsman (see also length).
(geometry) An infinitely extending one-dimensional figure that has no curvature; one that has length but not breadth or thickness.
(graph theory) An edge of a graph.
(music) One of the straight horizontal and parallel prolonged strokes on and between which the notes are placed.
A path through two or more points (compare ‘segment’); a continuous mark, including as made by a pen; any path, curved or straight.
The wire connecting one telegraphic station with another, a telephone or internet cable between two points: a telephone or network connection.
A connected series of public conveyances, as a roadbed or railway track; and hence, an established arrangement for forwarding merchandise, etc.
A threadlike crease or wrinkle marking the face, hand, or body; hence, a characteristic mark.
A more-or-less straight sequence of people, objects, etc., either arranged as a queue or column and often waiting to be processed or dealt with, or arranged abreast of one another in a row (and contrasted with a column), as in a military formation. [from mid-16th c.]
The official, stated position (or set of positions) of an individual or group, particularly a political or religious faction. [from later 19th c.]
(slang) Information about or understanding of something. (Mostly restricted to the expressions get a line on, have a line on, and give a line on.)
A set of products or services sold by a business, or by extension, the business itself. [from early 19th c.]
(genetics) A population of cells derived from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup.
kindir
A rope, cord, string, or thread, of any thickness.
rêç
Direction, path.
gotin
A written or printed row of letters, words, numbers, or other text, especially a row of words extending across a page or column, or a blank in place of such text.
misra
A verse (in poetry).

line of business n
alaş
A product or a set of related products that serve a particular customer transaction or business need.

lineage /ˈlɪn.i.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
cotzeyandî
Descent in a line from a common progenitor; progeny; descending line of offspring or ascending line of parentage.

linen /ˈlɪnɪn/ n
loke
(uncountable) Thread or cloth made from flax fiber.

liner /ˈlaɪnɚ/ n
êm
(South Korean idol fandom) person born in a certain year (XX liner); person who belongs to a certain line

linger /ˈlɪŋɡə/ /ˈlɪŋɡɚ/ v
man
(intransitive) To stay or remain in a place or situation, especially as if unwilling to depart or not easily able to do so.

lingua franca /ˈlɪŋ.ɡwə ˈfɹæŋ.kə/ n
ziman
A common language used by people of diverse backgrounds to communicate with one another, often a basic form of speech with simplified grammar, particularly, one that is not the first language of any of its speakers.

lingual /ˈlɪŋ.ɡju.əl/ /ˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ adj
ziman
(anatomy, dentistry, relational) Related to, near, or on the side toward the tongue.

linguist /ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/ n
terciman
A human translator; an interpreter, especially in the armed forces.

linguistic /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk/ adj
zimannasî
Of or relating to language.
Of or relating to linguistics.

linguistics /liŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ n
zimannasî
The systematic and scholarly study of language.

lining /ˈlaɪnɪŋ/ n
êm
A covering for the inside surface of something.

lion /ˈlaɪən/ n
şêr شێر
A big cat, Panthera leo, native to Africa, India and formerly much of Europe.

lip /lɪp/ n
lêv
(countable) Either of the two fleshy protrusions around the opening of the mouth.

lipstick /ˈlɪpˌstɪk/ n
sorav
(uncountable) Makeup for the lips.
(countable) A stick of this makeup.

liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ adj
şile
Flowing freely like water; fluid; not solid and not gaseous; composed of particles that move freely among each other on the slightest pressure.
(finance, of an asset) Easily sold or disposed of without losing value.

liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n
şile
A substance that is flowing, and keeping no shape, such as water; a substance of which the molecules, while not tending to separate from one another like those of a gas, readily change their relative position, and which therefore retains no definite shape, except that determined by the containing receptacle; an inelastic fluid.

liquor /ˈlɪk.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪk.ɚ/ n
alkol
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) Strong alcoholic drink derived from fermentation and distillation; more broadly, any alcoholic drink.

lira /ˈlɪəɹə/ n
xwendin
The former currency of Israel, superseded by the sheqel.

list /lɪst/ v
arezû kirin
(transitive, archaic) To desire, like, or wish (to do something).

listen /ˈlɪs.ən/ [ˈlɪs.n̩] v
گوێ دان
(intransitive, _, except in archaic usage) To use one's sense of hearing in an intentional way; to make deliberate use of one's ears; to pay attention to or wait for a specific sound.
(intransitive) To accept advice or obey instruction; to agree or assent.

listen in v
hatin bestandin
To listen without participating.

listener /ˈlɪs(ə)nə/ /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ n
guhdar
Someone who listens, especially to a speech or a broadcast.

listlessness n
acizbûnî
The state of being listless; apathetic indifference; lethargy.

lite /laɪt/ adj
geş
Light in composition, notably low in fat, calories etc. Most commonly used commercially.
Lightweight

literary /ˈlɪt(ə)ɹi/ /ˈlɪtəɹəɹi/ /ˈlɪtəɹɛ(ə)ɹi/ [ˈɫɪɾəɹɛ(ə)ɹi] adj
edebî
Relating to literature.
Relating to writers, or the profession of literature.

literature /ˈlɪt.ə.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈlɪt.ə.ɹə.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪt.ɚ.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈlɪt.ɚ.ə.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈlɪt.ɹə.t͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪt.ɹə.t͡ʃɚ/ [ˈlɪt͡ʃ.ɹə.t͡ʃɚ] [ˈlɪɾ.ɚ.ə.t͡ʃɚ] n
edebiyat wêje
The body of all written works.

lithium /ˈlɪθi.əm/ n
lîtyûm
(uncountable) The simplest alkali metal, the lightest solid element, and the third lightest chemical element (symbol Li) with an atomic number of 3. It is a soft, silvery metal.

litre /ˈli.tɚ/ /ˈliː.tə/ [ˈli.ɾɚ] n
lître
The metric unit of fluid measure, equal to one cubic decimetre. Symbols: l, L, ℓ

litter /ˈlɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪtɚ/ [ˈlɪɾɚ] n
qilêr
(uncountable) Collectively, items discarded on the ground.

little /ˈlɘtl̩/ /ˈlɪt(ə)l/ /ˈlɪtl̩/ [ˈlɪtʰɫ̩] [ˈlɪɾɫ̩] [ˈɫɪɾɫ̩] adj
hindik
Small and underdeveloped, particularly (of a male) in the genitals.
Small in extent of views or sympathies; narrow, shallow, contracted; mean, illiberal, ungenerous.
بچووک
Small in size.

little /ˈlɘtl̩/ /ˈlɪt(ə)l/ /ˈlɪtl̩/ [ˈlɪtʰɫ̩] [ˈlɪɾɫ̩] [ˈɫɪɾɫ̩] adv
hindik
Not much.

little bustard n
berçirik
Tetrax tetrax, a migratory bird of the family Otididae (bustards) found in parts of Europe and Central Asia

little girl n
کچ
A female child, especially one younger than ten years of age.

little owl /ˈlɪtəl ˌaʊl/ n
kundê çiçk
A species of small European owl, Athene noctua.

live /lɪv/ v
jîn
(intransitive) To be alive; to have life.
(intransitive) To have permanent residence somewhere, to inhabit, to reside.

liver /ˈlɪvə/ /ˈlɪvɚ/ n
kezeb جه‌رگ
(anatomy) A large organ in the body that stores and metabolizes nutrients, destroys toxins and produces bile. It is responsible for thousands of biochemical reactions.
cerg kezeb
(countable, uncountable) This organ, as taken from animals used as food.

livermorium /ˌlɪvəɹˈmɔːɹiəm/ n
ûnunheksiyûm
The chemical element with atomic number 116 (symbol Lv).

living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ adj
jîn
Having life; alive.
In use or existing.

living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ n
jiyan
A style of life.

living room /ˈlɪvɪŋ ɹuːm/ n
odeya rûniştinê
(countable) A room in a private house used for general social and leisure activities.

lizard /ˈlɪz.əd/ /ˈlɪz.ɚd/ n
gumgumok
(chiefly, in attributive use) Lizard skin, the skin of these reptiles.

load /loʊd/ /ləʊd/ n
bar
A burden; a weight to be carried.

loaf /loʊf/ /ləʊf/ n
nan
(also loaf of bread) A block of bread after baking.

loan /loʊn/ /ləʊn/ n
bi bore
(law, banking, finance) A sum of money or other property that a natural or legal person borrows from another with the condition that it be returned or repaid over time or at a later date (sometimes with interest).

lobster /ˈlɑb.stɚ/ /ˈlɒb.stə/ n
kevjalk
A crustacean of the Nephropidae family, dark green or blue-black in colour turning bright red when cooked, with a hard shell and claws, which is used as a seafood.
A crustacean of the Palinuridae family, pinkish red in colour, with a hard, spiny shell but no claws, which is used as a seafood.

locale /loʊˈkæl/ /ləʊˈkɑːl/ n
ziman
(computing) The set of settings related to the language and region in which a computer program executes. Examples are language, currency and time formats, character encoding etc.

localization /ˌləʊkəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
wergerr
(software engineering) The act, process, or result of making a product suitable for use in a particular country or region.

location /loʊˈkeɪʃən/ /ləʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
barûdox
A particular point or place in physical space.

loch /lɑk/ /lɒk/ /lɒx/ /lɔx/ n
deryaçe
(Ireland, Scotland) A bay or arm of the sea.

lock /lɑk/ /lɒk/ n
kilît
Something used for fastening, which can only be opened with a key or combination.
A fastening together or interlacing; a closing of one thing upon another; a state of being fixed or immovable.

lockjaw n
derdê kopan
(pathology) A spasmodic, nervous system disease brought on by the tetanus bacteria. It causes muscles to seize up and may cause death by suffocation.

locus /ˈloʊkəs/ /ˈləʊkəs/ n
cîh
A place or locality, especially a centre of activity or the scene of a crime.

locust /ˈloʊ.kəst/ /ˈləʊ.kəst/ n
kulî
Any of various often leguminous trees and shrubs, especially of the genera Robinia and Gleditsia; locust tree. [from 17th c.]

lofty /ˈlɑfti/ /ˈlɒfti/ /ˈlɔːfti/ adj
bala
High, tall, having great height or stature.

log /lɑɡ/ /lɒɡ/ /lɔɡ/ n
qurm
The trunk of a dead tree, cleared of branches.
Any bulky piece as cut from the above, used as timber, fuel etc.
(vulgar) A piece of feces.

log /lɑɡ/ /lɒɡ/ /lɔɡ/ v
birrîn
(transitive) To cut down (trees).

logic /ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/ /ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/ /ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/ n
mantiq
(uncountable) A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method.
(uncountable, mathematics) The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements.
mentiq
(uncountable) Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person.
(countable, sociology) A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice.

long /lɑŋ/ /lɒŋ/ /lɔŋ/ /lɔːŋ/ /lʊŋɡ/ adj
dirêj
Having much distance in space from one end to the other.
Having great duration.

long /lɑŋ/ /lɒŋ/ /lɔŋ/ /lɔːŋ/ /lʊŋɡ/ adv
dem
For a particular duration.

long ago adv
berê
At a time in the past, especially the distant past.

long in the tooth adj
kevn
(idiomatic) Old; aged.

long-standing adj
dêrîn
Having existed for a long time.

long-tailed tit n
kevçe
Any of many subspecies of small passerine birds with long tails, Aegithalos caudatus, found throughout Europe and Asia

longbow /ˈlɒŋbəʊ/ n
pîvaz
A large bow that has a strong tension, and is usually more than 3 feet tall. The most famous longbows in history were the English longbows, which were crafted of yew.

longitude /-tʃuːd/ /ˈlɑnd͡ʒəˌtud/ /ˈlɒnd͡ʒɪtjuːd/ /ˈlɒnɡɪtjuːd/ /ˈlɔnd͡ʒəˌtud/ n
dirêjahî
(geography) Angular distance measured west or east of the prime meridian.
(geography, astronomy) Any imaginary line perpendicular to the equator and part of a great circle passing through the North Pole and South Pole.

loofah /ˈluːfə/ n
rîşal
The dried fibrous interior of such a plant, used as a sponge for bathing.

look /luːk/ /lʉk/ /lʊk/ [luːx] n
nihêrîn
The action of looking; an attempt to see.
A facial expression.
1dîmen
(often plural) Physical appearance, visual impression.

look /luːk/ /lʉk/ /lʊk/ [luːx] v
dîtin
ته‌مه‌شاکردن
To try to see, to pay attention to with one’s eyes.

look at v
berê xwe dan
(transitive) To observe or watch.
(transitive) To study visually.
(transitive) To face; to be presented or confronted with; to have in prospect.

look for v
lê gerrîn
(transitive) To search for; to seek.

look up v
lê gerrîn
(transitive, idiomatic) To obtain, or seek to obtain, information about something.
To obtain information about something from a reference book.

looker /ˈlʊk.ə/ /ˈlʊk.ɚ/ n
delalî
(slang) Someone or something who is remarkably good-looking.

loom /lum/ /luːm/ n
alav
A utensil; tool; a weapon; (usually in compound) an article in general.
cûmik
A frame or machine of wood or other material, in which a weaver forms cloth out of thread; a machine for interweaving yarn or threads into a fabric, as in knitting or lace making.

loop /luːp/ n
mox
A length of thread, line or rope that is doubled over to make an opening.
gilover
A complete circuit for an electric current.

loose /luːs/ /ˈlʉs/ adj
mişe
(not comparable, sports) Not being in the possession of any competing team during a game.

loosen /ˈluːsn̩/ v
leq bûn
(transitive) To make loose.

loot /luːt/ /ɫʉːt/ n
dirav
(slang) Synonym of money.

lord /lɔɹd/ /lɔːd/ n
mamoste
(archaic) The owner of a house, piece of land, or other possession
One possessing similar mastery over others; (historical) any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler; in Scotland, a male member of the lowest rank of nobility (the equivalent rank in England is baron)
(obsolete, uncommon) A baron or lesser nobleman, as opposed to greater ones
ser
(obsolete) The master of the servants of a household; (historical) the master of a feudal manor

lordship /ˈlɔɹd.ʃɪp/ /ˈlɔːd.ʃɪp/ n
mamoste
(hence, with "his" or "your", often capitalised) Title applied to a lord, bishop, judge, or another man with a title.

lose /luːz/ v
winda kirin
(transitive) To cause (something) to cease to be in one's possession or capability.
weritandin
(transitive) To fail to win (a game, competition, trial, etc).
hilanîn
(transitive, informal) To shed, remove, discard, or eliminate.

lot /lɑt/ /lɒt/ /lɔt/ n
grûb
(informal) A number of people taken collectively.
çarenivîs
That which happens without human design or forethought.
The part, or fate, that falls to one, as it were, by chance, or without one's planning.

lottery ticket n
banknot
A slip of paper drawn in a lottery, possibly redeemable for a prize.

loud /laʊd/ adj
bilind
(of a sound) Of great intensity.

louse /laʊs/ n
spih
A small parasitic wingless insect of the order Psocodea.

love /lav/ /lʊv/ /lʌv/ [läv~lɐv] [lɘv] [lɘʋ] n
evîn
(uncountable) Strong affection.
(countable) A person who is the object of romantic feelings; a darling, a sweetheart, a beloved.

lover /ˈlʌvə/ /ˈlʌvɚ/ n
evin
One who loves and cares for another person in a romantic way; a sweetheart, love, soulmate, boyfriend, girlfriend, or spouse.

low /ˈloʊ/ /ˈləʊ/ adj
nizm
(phonetics) Made with a relatively large opening between the tongue and the palate; made with (part of) the tongue positioned low in the mouth, relative to the palate.

low-income adj
داماو

lower /ˈloʊ.ɚ/ /ˈləʊ.ə/ v
dahelandin
(transitive) To let descend by its own weight, as something suspended; to let down
(transitive) to pull down

lower lip n
lêva jêrîn

loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ adj
dilsoz
Firm in allegiance to a person or institution.

loyalty /ˈlɔɪəlti/ n
dilsozî
The state of being loyal; fidelity.

luck /lʊk/ /lʌk/ [lɐk] n
oxir
Something that happens to someone by chance, a chance occurrence, especially a favourable one.

lucrative adj
biqezenc
Producing a surplus; profitable.

lucre /ˈl(j)uː.kə/ /ˈluː.kɚ/ n
kar
Money, riches, or wealth, especially when seen as having a corrupting effect or causing greed, or obtained in an underhanded manner.

lug /lʌɡ/ n
guh
A part of something which sticks out, used as a handle or support.

luggage /ˈlʌɡɪd͡ʒ/ n
bar
(uncountable) The bags and other containers that hold a traveller's belongings.

lukewarm /ˈluk.wɔɹm/ /ˌlukˈwɔɹm/ /ˌluːkˈwɔːm/ adj
شلتێن
(temperature) Between warm and cool.

lull /lʌl/ n
jêkirin
A period of reduced activity; a respite.

lull /lʌl/ v
hedinîn
(intransitive) To become gradually calm; to subside; to cease or abate.

luminary /ˈluməˌnɛɹi/ /ˈluːmɪn(ə)ɹi/ n
ronahî
One who is an inspiration to others; one who has achieved success in one's chosen field; a leading light.
stêr
(archaic) A body that gives light; especially, one of the heavenly bodies.

luminosity n
rewş
(uncountable) the state of being luminous, or a luminous object; brilliance or radiance

lunar eclipse n
heyvgirtin
(astronomy) A phenomenon occurring when the Earth casts a shadow over the Moon.

lunch /lʌnt͡ʃ/ /lʌnʃ/ [lʌ̃nt͡ʃ] n
firavîn
A light meal usually eaten around midday, notably when not as main meal of the day.

lunch /lʌnt͡ʃ/ /lʌnʃ/ [lʌ̃nt͡ʃ] v
firavîn
(transitive) To treat to lunch.

lung /ˈlʌŋ/ n
cegera spî
(anatomy) A biological organ of vertebrates that controls breathing and oxygenates the blood.

lupus /ˈluːpəs/ n
gur
(pathology) Any of a number of autoimmune diseases, the most common of which is systemic lupus erythematosus.

lure /l(j)ʊə/ /lɔː/ /lɜː/ /lɝ/ /lʉːɹ/ /lʊəɹ/ v
ji rê derxistin
(intransitive) To attract by temptation, appeal, or guile.
(transitive) To attract fish with a lure.
(transitive, falconry) To recall a hawk with a lure.

lush /lʌʃ/ adj
kesk
(of vegetation) Dense, teeming with life; luxuriant.
seksî
(British, slang) Beautiful, sexy.

lust /lʌst/ n
xwestek
A feeling of strong desire, especially such a feeling driven by sexual arousal.
ڤیان
(archaic) A delightful cause of joy, pleasure.

luster /ˈlʌstɚ/ n
rewş
The ability or condition of shining when light is applied, inclusive of shine, sheen, polish, gloss, sparkle, etc.

lute /l(j)uːt/ /luːt/ /lɪu̯t/ n
lavta
A fretted stringed instrument, similar to the guitar, having a bowl-shaped body or soundbox; any of a wide variety of chordophones with a pear-shaped body and a neck whose upper surface is in the same plane as the soundboard, with strings along the neck and parallel to the soundboard.

lutetium /ljuːˈtiːʃiəm/ n
lûtesyûm
A chemical element (symbol Lu) with an atomic number of 71, a silvery-white metal which resists corrosion in dry air.

luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/ /ˈlʌkʃəɹi/ /ˈlʌɡʒəɹi/ n
luks
Very wealthy and comfortable surroundings.
Something desirable but expensive.
Something that is pleasant but not necessary in life.

lymph /lɪmf/ [lɪmpf] n
lenf
(physiology) A colourless, watery, coagulable bodily fluid which bathes the tissues and is carried by the lymphatic system into the bloodstream; it resembles blood plasma in containing white blood cells and especially lymphocytes but normally few red blood cells and no platelets.

lynx /lɪŋks/ n
werşeq
Any of several medium-sized wild cats, mostly of the genus Lynx.

lyrics /ˈlɪɹ.ɪks/ n
gotin
The words to a song (or other vocal music).

ma /mɑː/ n
dayik
(colloquial) The landlady of a theater.

macaque /məˈkæk/ /məˈkɑ(ː)k/ n
meymûn
Any of a group of Old World monkeys of the subfamily Cercopithecinae, especially genus Macaca.

macaw /məˈkɑ/ /məˈkɔ/ /məˈkɔː/ n
jêkirin
Any of various parrots of the genera Ara, Anodorhynchus, Cyanopsitta, Orthopsittaca, Primolius and Diopsittaca of Central and South America, including the largest parrots and characterized by long sabre-shaped tails, curved powerful bills, and usually brilliant plumage.

machine /məˈʃin/ /məˈʃiːn/ n
makîne
A device that directs and controls energy, often in the form of movement or electricity, to produce a certain effect.
(historical) A contrivance in the Ancient Greek theatre for indicating a change of scene, by means of which a god might cross the stage or deliver a divine message; the deus ex machina.
makîna
(dated) A vehicle operated mechanically, such as an automobile or an airplane.

macho /ˈmæt͡ʃ.əʊ/ /ˈmɑ.t͡ʃoʊ/ n
xal

macula /ˈmækjʊlə/ n
niqte
A rather large spot or blotch of color.

mad /ˈmæd/ /ˈmæːd/ /ˈmɛəd/ adj
dîn
(chiefly, British Isles) Insane; crazy, mentally deranged.

mad honey n
hingivê tehl
Honey that is toxic or psychoactive due to chemicals in plants or the environment.

madhouse n
psîkolojiya klînîkê
(obsolete) A house where insane persons are confined; an insane asylum.

madly /ˈmædli/ adv
dînikî
In a mad manner

madman /ˈmædmən/ n
dîn
A male who is insane or mentally disturbed.

magazine /mæɡ.əˈziːn/ /ˈmæɡ.ə.ziːn/ n
kovar
A non-academic periodical publication, generally consisting of sheets of paper folded in half and stapled at the fold.

maggot /ˈmæɡət/ n
kurmik
A soft, legless larva of a fly or other dipterous insect, that often eats decomposing organic matter. [from 15th c.]
kurm
(derogatory) A worthless person. [from 17th c.]

magister /ˈmæd͡ʒɪstə(ɹ)/ n
dersdar
The possessor of a master's degree.

magnesium /ˌmæɡˈnizi.əm/ /ˌmæɡˈniʒəm/ /ˌmæɡˈniːzi.əm/ n
magnezyûm
The chemical element (symbol Mg) with an atomic number of 12. It is a light, easily flammable, silvery-white alkaline earth metal.

magnet /ˈmæɡnət/ /ˈmæɡnɪt/ n
kişanek
A piece of material that attracts some metals by magnetism.

magnitude /ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ n
mezinahî
(uncountable, countable) The absolute or relative size, extent or importance of something.

magpie /ˈmæɡˌpaɪ/ n
qijik
One of several kinds of bird in the family Corvidae, especially Pica pica.

maid /meɪd/ n
کچ
(dated, or, poetic) A girl or an unmarried young woman; maiden.
A female servant or cleaner (short for maidservant).
(archaic) A virgin, now female but originally one of either gender.

maiden /ˈmeɪdən/ n
کچ
(now, _, chiefly, _, literary) A girl or an unmarried young woman.
duşîze
(archaic) A female virgin.

mail /meɪl/ n
پۆسته‌
(now, _, regional) A bag or wallet. [from 13thc.]
A bag containing letters to be delivered by post.
(chiefly, _, US, uncountable) The letters, parcels, etc. delivered to a particular address or person. [from 19thc.]
The (physical) material conveyed by the postal service. [from 17thc.]
(dated) A stagecoach, train or ship that delivers such post.
The postal service or system in general. [from 17thc.]
(uncountable) Electronic mail, e-mail: a computer network–based service for sending, storing, and forwarding electronic messages. [from 20thc.]
(uncountable) Email messages conceived in bulk (as with the analogous sense of physical mail).
(countable, especially, Indian English) An email message.
A trunk, box, or bag, in which clothing, etc., may be carried.

mainland /-lænd/ /mæɪnlænd/ /ˈmeɪnlænd/ /ˈmeɪnlənd/ n
kîşwer
The continent; the principal land, as distinguished from islands or a peninsula.

maize /meɪz/ [meːz] n
lazût
Corn; a type of grain of the species Zea mays.

majlis /ˈmæd͡ʒlɪs/ /ˈmɑːd͡ʒlɪs/ n
meclis
A council, assembly, or public meeting, in some Muslim countries or territories.

major /ˈmeɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ adj
gehiştî
Of full legal age, having attained majority.

major /ˈmeɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ n
beş
(education, North America, Australia, New Zealand) The principal subject or course of a student working toward a degree at a college or university.

majority /məˈd͡ʒɑɹɪti/ /məˈd͡ʒɒɹɪti/ /məˈd͡ʒɔɹɪti/ n
ekseriyet
More than half (50%) of some group.

make /meɪk/ [meɪkʲ] [meːk] v
avakirin
kirin
(obsolete) To act in a certain manner; to have to do; to manage; to interfere; to be active; often in the phrase to meddle or make.

make known v
agahdar kirin
(transitive) To announce (some information) generally.

make off /ˌmeɪk ˈɒf/ v
baz dan
(intransitive) To exit or depart; to run away.

make sense v
bimantiq
(informal) Used to express interest or desire in something; to be pleasing or beneficial; to work, be operative, or be advantageous to.

make up /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ v
çê kirin
To make social or romantic advances to; to pay court to. [from 18th c.]

make use v
pê xebitîn
(with of) To use, usually productively and/or for a specific purpose.

makeup /ˈmeɪkʌp/ n
makyaj
(countable, uncountable) Cosmetics; colorants and other substances applied to the skin to alter its appearance.

making /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/ n
kirik
The act of forming, causing, or constituting; workmanship; construction.

malady /ˈmæl.ə.di/ n
nexweşî
Any ailment or disease of the body; especially, a lingering or deep-seated disorder.

malaria /məˈlɛə.ɹi.ə/ n
lerzeta
A disease spread by mosquito, in which a protozoan, Plasmodium, multiplies in blood every few days.

male /meɪl/ adj
nêr
Belonging to the sex which typically produces sperm, or to the gender which is typically associated with it. [from 14th c.]
(of bacteria) Having the F factor; able to impart DNA into another bacterium which does not have the F factor (a female).
mêr
Tending to lead to or regulate the development of sexual characteristics typical of this sex.

male /meɪl/ n
mêr
A human member of the masculine sex or gender.
nêr
A plant of the masculine sex.
One of the male (masculine) sex or gender.

malediction n
lanet
Evil speech.

malevolent /məˈlɛvələnt/ adj
bêfiqaqî
Having or displaying ill will; wishing harm on others.

malfunction /ˌmælˈfʌŋk.ʃən/ v
arîze kirin
To function improperly.
To fail to function.

malice /ˈmælɪs/ n
dijûn
Intention to harm or deprive in an illegal or immoral way. Desire to take pleasure in another's misfortune.

malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/ adj
bêfiqaqî
Intending to do harm; characterized by spite and malice.

malignant /məˈlɪɡnənt/ adj
bed
Harmful, malevolent, injurious.

mallard /ˈmæl.ɑː(ɹ)d/ /ˈmælɚd/ n
werdeka kûvî
Anas platyrhynchos, a common and widespread dabbling duck, natively found throughout the Northern Hemisphere, whose male has a distinctive dark green head.

malleus /ˈmæl.i.əs/ n
çakûç
(anatomy) The small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear.

mammal /ˈmæməl/ n
şîrdar
An animal of the class Mammalia, characterized by being warm-blooded, having hair and producing milk with which to feed its young.

mammary gland n
bezê pêsîrê
(anatomy) A gland that secretes milk for suckling an infant or offspring.

man /meːn/ /mæn/ [meən] [mɑn] [mɛn] [mɛən] [mẽə̃n] n
mêr
A male person, usually an adult; a (generally adult male) sentient being, whether human, supernatural, elf, alien, etc.

man-made adj
destkar
Created by people, as opposed to occurring in nature; artificial or synthetic.

management /mənˈeɪd͡ʒmənt/ /ˈmænəd͡ʒmənt/ /ˈmænɪd͡ʒmənt/ n
birêvebirin
(uncountable) Administration; the use of limited resources combined with forecasting, planning, leadership and execution skills to achieve predetermined specific goals.

mandarin orange n
mandarîn
The fruit of this tree; in loose, informal usage, the term may include other similar citrus fruits such as Citrus unshiu (satsuma or mikan).

mandate /mænˈdeɪt/ /ˈmændeɪt/ v
destûr dan
To authorize.

mandible /ˈmæn.dɪb.əl/ n
kajû
The jaw or a jawbone, especially the lower jawbone in mammals and fishes.

mandolin /ˈmændəlɪn/ n
mandolîn
(string instrument) A stringed instrument of the lute family, having eight strings in four courses, frequently tuned as a violin, and with either a bowl-shaped back or a flat back.

mangal /ˈmæŋɡəl/ n
agirdank
A Middle Eastern-style barbecue (cookout), or the barbecue (grill; cooking apparatus) it is cooked on.

manganese /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌnis/ /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌniz/ /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌniːz/ n
mangan
(uncountable) A metallic chemical element (symbol Mn) with an atomic number of 25, not a free element in nature but often found in minerals in combination with iron, and useful in industrial alloy production.

mangelwurzel n
pincar
A root vegetable, variety of Beta vulgaris, cultivated chiefly as cattle feed.

manhood /ˈmænhʊd/ n
insaniyet
The state or condition of being a human being.
mêr
All of the men of a given place, area, or any human subgroup (ethnicity, nation, race, religion, family, work crew or ship's crew, etc.) regarded collectively.
The self-concept of a man being with respect to his possession of the various qualities traditionally and ideally ascribed to manliness; a man's sense or view of himself as being more or less manly.
mêranî
The idealized nature of a man: all of the characteristics traditionally and ideally ascribed to manliness regarded collectively.

mankind /mænˈkaɪnd/ n
mirovatî
The human race in its entirety.
(obsolete) Human feelings; humanity.
mêr
Men collectively, as opposed to all women.

manliness /ˈmænlɪnəs/ n
mêranî
The quality of being manly; the set of qualities, traits and abilities considered appropriate to men (as opposed to women or children); similarity to a man.

manly /ˈmænli/ adj
nêr
Having the characteristics of a man.

manner /ˈmænə/ /ˈmænɚ/ n
جۆر
Mode of action; way of performing or doing anything

manor /ˈmænə(ɹ)/ /ˈmænəɹ/ n
malîkxane
A landed estate.

mansion /ˈmæn.t͡ʃən/ /ˈmæn.ʃən/ n
dîwan
A large luxurious house or building, usually built for the wealthy.

manta ray /ˈmæntə ɹeɪ/ n
lihêf
Any of several very large pelagic rays formerly of the genus Manta, now placed in genus Mobula, with winglike pectoral fins, a long tail, and two fins resembling horns that project from the head.

manti n
mantî
A type of dumpling served in Turkish, Armenian and Central Asian cuisine

mantle /ˈmæn.təl/ n
manto
A piece of clothing somewhat like an open robe or cloak, especially that worn by Orthodox bishops. [from 9th c.]
(malacology) The body wall of a mollusc, from which the shell is secreted. [from 15th c.]
(geology) The layer between the Earth's core and crust. [from 20th c.]

manufacture /ˌmanjəˈfaktʃə/ /ˌmanjʊˈfaktʃə/ /ˌmanəˈfaktʃə/ /ˌmænjuˈfækt͡ʃɚ/ /ˌmænjəˈfækt͡ʃɚ/ /ˌmænəˈfækt͡ʃɚ/ v
çê kirin
To make things, usually on a large scale, with tools and either physical labor or machinery.
(derogatory) To fabricate; to create false evidence to support a point.

manure /məˈn(j)ʊɹ/ /məˈnjɔː/ /məˈnjʊə/ n
peyîn
Animal excrement, especially that of common domestic farm animals and when used as fertilizer. Generally speaking, from cows, horses, sheep, pigs and chickens.

manuscript /ˈmæn.jəˌskɹɪpt/ n
destnivîsar

many /ˈmæni/ /ˈmɛni/ /ˈmɪni/ determiner
bêqeder
An indefinite large number of.

many /ˈmæni/ /ˈmɛni/ /ˈmɪni/ n
bariste
A multitude; a great aggregate; a mass of people; the generality; the common herd.

map /mæp/ n
nexşe
A visual representation of an area, whether real or imaginary, showing the relative positions of places and other features.

maple /ˈmeɪpl̩/ n
kevot
A tree of the genus Acer, characterised by its usually palmate leaves and winged seeds.

marble /ˈmɑɹ.bəl/ /ˈmɑː.bəl/ n
mermer
(uncountable, rock) A metamorphic rock of crystalline limestone. [from 12th c.]

marbled polecat n
fistîk
Vormela peregusna, a polecat found from Eastern Europe to parts of China, with yellow and black markings on its back.

march /mɑɹt͡ʃ/ /mɑːtʃ/ n
bihur
A formal, rhythmic way of walking, used especially by soldiers, bands and in ceremonies.

march /mɑɹt͡ʃ/ /mɑːtʃ/ v
meşîn
(intransitive) To walk with long, regular strides, as a soldier does.

mare /mɛə/ /mɛɚ/ n
mahîn
An adult female horse.

mare /ˈmɑɹ.eɪ/ /ˈmɑɹ.i/ /ˈmɛɚ.i/ n
derya
(planetology) A large, dark plain, which may have the appearance of a sea, such as those on the Moon

margin /ˈmɑːd͡ʒɪn/ /ˈmɑːɹd͡ʒ(ə)n/ n
qerax
(typography) The edge of the paper, typically left blank when printing but sometimes used for annotations etc.

marginal /ˈmaː.d͡ʒɪ.nəl/ /ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪ.nəl/ /ˈmɑː.d͡ʒɪ.nəl/ adj
cînar
(geography) Sharing a border; geographically adjacent.
داماو
Of a value, or having a characteristic that is of a value, that is close to being unacceptable or leading to exclusion from a group or category.

mark /mæɹk/ /mɑɹk/ /mɑː(ɾ)k/ /mɑːk/ n
niqte
A visible impression or sign; a blemish, scratch, or stain, whether accidental or intentional. [from 9th c.]
dawer
An indication or sign used for reference or measurement. [from 14th c.]

market /ˈmɑɹkət/ /ˈmɑɹkɪt/ /ˈmɑːkɪt/ n
meydan
bazar
City square or other fairly spacious site where traders set up stalls and buyers browse the merchandise.
A group of potential customers for one's product.
A geographical area where a certain commercial demand exists.
A formally organized, sometimes monopolistic, system of trading in specified goods or effects.
The sum total traded in a process of individuals trading for certain commodities.

marmalade /ˈmɑɹ.mə.leɪd/ /ˈmɑː.mə.leɪd/ n
marmelad
(obsolete) quince jam

maroon /məˈɹuːn/ /məˈɹəʉn/ /məˈɹʉːn/ v
avêtin
To abandon in a remote, desolate place, as on a desert island.

marriage /ˈmeɹɪdʒ/ /ˈmæɹɪdʒ/ /ˈmɛɹɪdʒ/ n
dawet
The state of being married. [from 14th c.]
(often, _, specifically) The union of two people of opposite sex, to the exclusion of all others.
A wedding; a ceremony in which people wed. [from 14th c.]

married /ˈmæɹ.id/ /ˈmæɹ.ɪd/ /ˈmɛɹ.id/ adj
zewicî
In a state of marriage; having a wife or a husband.

married couple n
jin û mêr
Two people who are married to each other.

marrow /ˈmæɹoʊ/ /ˈmæɹəʊ/ /ˈmɛ(ə)ɹoʊ/ n
mox
(uncountable) The substance inside bones which produces blood cells.
kulind
A kind of vegetable like a large courgette/zucchini or squash.

marry /ˈmeɹ.i/ /ˈmæɹ.i/ /ˈmɛɹ.i/ v
mêr kirin
(intransitive) To enter into the conjugal or connubial state; to take a husband or a wife. [from 14th c.]
(transitive) To unite in wedlock or matrimony; to perform the ceremony of joining spouses; to bring about a marital union according to the laws or customs of a place. [from 16th c.]
jin kirin
(transitive) To arrange for the marriage of; to give away as wife or husband. [from 14th c.]

marry off v
jin kirin
(idiomatic) To successfully arrange the marriage of someone, especially a relative.

marsh /mæʃ/ /mɑɹʃ/ /mɑː(ɹ)ʃ/ n
avzê
An area of low, wet land, often with tall grass.

martial /ˈmɑɹʃəl/ /ˈmɑːʃəl/ adj
piyon
(comparable) Connected with or relating to armed forces or the profession of arms or military life.

martial art n
şer
Military skills, proficiency in military strategy, prowess in warfare.

martin /ˈmɑɹ.tɪn/ /ˈmɑː.tɪn/ n
په‌ڕه‌سێلکه‌
Any of various passerine birds of the family Hirundinidae, which also includes swallows, that catch insects whilst flying.

martyr /ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɑɹ.tɚ/ /ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/ [ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)] [ˈmɐːɾə(ɹ)] [ˈmɑɹ.ɾɚ] n
şehîd
One who willingly accepts being put to death for adhering openly to one's religious beliefs; notably, saints canonized after martyrdom.
(by extension) One who sacrifices their life, station, or something of great personal value, for the sake of principle or to sustain a cause.
(with a prepositional phrase of cause) One who suffers greatly and/or constantly, even involuntarily.

marvel /ˈmɑɹvl̩/ /ˈmɑːvl̩/ v
bûn
(intransitive) To become filled with wonderment or admiration; to be amazed at something.

masculine /ˈmæskjələn/ /ˈmæskjʊlɪn/ adj
nêr
Of or pertaining to the male sex; biologically male, not female.
(of a noun) Being of the masculine class or grammatical gender, and inflected in that manner.

mashed /mæʃt/ adj
şîn
(informal) intoxicated

masochism /ˈmæs.ə.kɪ.zəm/ /ˈmæz.ə.kɪ.zəm/ n
mazoşîzm
The (often sexual) enjoyment of receiving pain or humiliation.

masochist /ˈmæ.səˌkɪst/ n
mazoşîst
Someone who enjoys pain or humiliation, or who derives pleasure from harming oneself or being harmed by others.

mass /mæs/ /mɑs/ n
bariste
(medicine) A palpable or visible abnormal globular structure; a tumor.
(physics) A measure of the inertia of a mass of matter, one of four fundamental properties of matter. SI unit of mass: kilogram.
A quantity of matter cohering together so as to make one body, or an aggregation of particles or things which collectively make one body or quantity, usually of considerable size.

mass number n
hijmara baristeyî
(physics, physical chemistry) The total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus. Symbol: A

massage /məˈsɑ(d)ʒ/ /məˈsɑː(d)ʒ/ /ˈmæsɑː(d)ʒ/ n
masaj gemirandin
The action of rubbing, kneading or hitting someone's body, to help the person relax, prepare for muscular action (as in contact sports) or to relieve aches.

massage therapy n
gemirandin
The therapeutic use of massage.

massif /mæˈsiːf/ /ˈmæsɪf/ n
rêzeçiya
A principal mountain mass.

massive /ˈmæs.ɪv/ adj
rêzeçiya
(medicine) Affecting a large portion of the body, or severe.

mast /mæst/ /mɑːst/ n
babafingo
(nautical, communications, aviation) A tall, slim post or tower, usually tapering upward, used to support, for example, sails or observation platforms on a ship, the main rotor of a helicopter, flags, floodlights, meteorological instruments, or communications equipment, such as an aerial, usually supported by guy-wires (except in the case of a helicopter). [from 9th c.]

master /ˈmas.tə/ /ˈmas.təɹ/ /ˈmaːs.tə/ /ˈmæs.tɚ/ /ˈmɑs.tə/ /ˈmɑːs.tə/ n
mamosta
Someone who has control over something or someone.
An expert at something.
mamoste
The owner of an animal or slave.
The original of a document or of a recording.
xoce
A tradesman who is qualified to teach apprentices.

mastermind /ˈmæs.tɚˌmaɪnd/ /ˈmɑː.stə.mʌɪnd/ n
mejî
A person with an extraordinary intellect or skill that is markedly superior to his or her peers.
A person responsible for the highest level of planning and execution of a major operation.

masturbation /ˌmæstəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌmæstɚˈbeɪʃən/ /ˌmɑːstəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
destperkî
Sexual stimulation of the genitals or other erotic regions, often to orgasm, usually in the context of oneself.

match /mæt͡ʃ/ n
lîstok
(sports) A competitive sporting event such as a boxing meet (commonly called a "bout"), a baseball game, or a cricket match.
şixar
A device made of wood or paper, at the tip coated with chemicals that ignite with the friction of being dragged (struck) against a rough dry surface.

matchstick n
شخاته‌
A small, slender piece of wood or cardboard serving as a component of a match.

mate /meɪt/ n
bira
(colloquial, British, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, sometimes elsewhere in the Commonwealth) A friend, usually of the same sex.

material /məˈtɪə.ɹi.əl/ /məˈtɪɹ.i.əl/ adj
hişkalav
Worldly, as opposed to spiritual.

material /məˈtɪə.ɹi.əl/ /məˈtɪɹ.i.əl/ n
madeyên xam
Matter which may be shaped or manipulated, particularly in making something.
hişkalav
Text written for a specific purpose.
A sample or specimens for study.
tevînek
Cloth to be made into a garment. Fabric.

materiel /mətɪəɹɪˈɛl/ /mətɪɹiˈɛl/ /mətɪɹˈjɛl/ n
hişkalav
Military equipment, apparatus, and supplies.

maternal aunt n
pûr
A sister of one's mother.
A sister-in-law of one's mother; the wife or ex-wife of a maternal uncle.
An aunt on one's mother's side of the family, including both

maternal uncle n
xal
The brother or brother-in-law of one’s mother. (This entry is a translation hub.)

maternity /məˈtɜː(ɹ)nɪti/ n
dayikî
The state of being a mother; motherhood.
avisî
The state of being pregnant; pregnancy.

math /mæθ/ n
bîrkarî
(informal, uncountable, North America, Philippines) Clipping of mathematics.
(informal, uncountable, North America, Philippines) Arithmetic calculations; (see do the math).

mathematician /ˌmæθ(.ə)məˈtɪʃ.ən/ n
matematîk
An expert on mathematics.

mathematics /mæθ(ə)ˈmætəks/ /mæθ(ə)ˈmætɪks/ n
matematîk
An abstract representational system studying numbers, shapes, structures, quantitative change and relationships between them.
A person's ability to count, calculate, and use different systems of mathematics at differing levels.

maths /mæs/ /mæθs/ /mɛts/ n
bîrkarî
(informal, Commonwealth, rarely Canada) Clipping of mathematics.

matriarch /ˈmeɪtɹiɑɹk/ /ˈmeɪtɹɪˌɑːk/ n
serekdayik
A female leader of a family, a tribe or an ethnic or religious group.

matrimony /ˈmat.ɹɪ.mə.ni/ /ˈmæt.ɹɪˌmoʊ.ni/ n
dawet
(uncountable) Marriage; the state of being married.

matte /mæt/ adj
zenûn
(American spelling) Dull; not reflective of light.

matter /ˈmætə/ /ˈmætɚ/ [-ɾɚ] n
made
(physics) Matter made up of normal particles, not antiparticles.
A kind of substance.
An affair, condition, or subject, especially one of concern or (especially when preceded by the) one that is problematic.

mattress /ˈmætɹɪs/ n
doşek
A pad on which a person can recline and sleep, usually having an inner section of coiled springs covered with foam or other cushioning material then enclosed with cloth fabric.

mature /məˈt(j)ʊəɹ/ /məˈtjʊə/ /məˈt͡ʃɔː/ /məˈt͡ʃɝ/ /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/ /məˈt͡ʃʊə/ adj
gehiştî
Fully developed; grown up in terms of physical appearance, behaviour or thinking; ripe.
tû
Profound; careful.

mature /məˈt(j)ʊəɹ/ /məˈtjʊə/ /məˈt͡ʃɔː/ /məˈt͡ʃɝ/ /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/ /məˈt͡ʃʊə/ v
gihiştin
(intransitive, of food, especially fruit) To attain maturity, to become mature or ripe.

maw /mɑ/ /mɔ/ /mɔː/ n
gede
(archaic) The stomach, especially of an animal.

maxillary /makˈsɪl.ə.ɹi/ /ˈmæk.səˌlɛɹ.i/ adj
jorkajû
(anatomy) Of or relating to the jaw or jawbone.

may /meɪ/ n
givîj
The hawthorn bush or its blossoms.

may /meɪ/ v
karîn
(modal auxiliary verb, defective) To have permission to, be allowed. Used in granting permission and in questions to make polite requests. [from 9th c.]
belkî
(modal auxiliary verb, defective) Expressing a present possibility; possibly. [from 13th c.]
bila
(subjunctive present, defective, chiefly, poetic) Expressing a wish (with present subjunctive effect). [from 16th c.]

maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ [ˈmeɪ̯bi] adv
belkî
(as a pro-sentence) Perhaps that is true (expressing no commitment to a decision or a neutral viewpoint to a statement).

mayor /ˈmeɪ.ə/ /ˈmeɪ.ɚ/ /ˈmɛə̯/ /ˈmɛɚ/ n
şaredar
(Ireland, rare, obsolete) A member of a city council.

maze /ˈmeɪz/ n
alole
A labyrinth; a puzzle consisting of a complicated network of paths or passages, the aim of which is to find one's way through. See one here.

me /meɪ/ /mi/ /miː/ /mɪ/ pronoun
ez
(sometimes, proscribed) As the complement of the copula (be).
(informal, with a conjunction, often, proscribed) As the subject of a verb.
(nonstandard, not with a conjunction) As the subject of a verb. Sometimes used to indicate or imitate limited English fluency.

meadow /ˈmɛd.oʊ/ /ˈmɛd.əʊ/ [ˈmɛɾoʊ] n
mêrg
A field or pasture; a piece of land covered or cultivated with grass, usually intended to be mown for hay.

meager /ˈmiɡɚ/ /ˈmiːɡə/ adj
داماو
Poor, deficient or inferior in amount, quality or extent

meal /mil/ /miːl/ [miəɫ] n
gol
(countable) Food that is prepared and eaten, usually at a specific time, and usually in a comparatively large quantity (as opposed to a snack).
ar
The coarse-ground edible part of various grains often used to feed animals; flour or a coarser blend than flour.

meal ticket n
baş
A ticket or voucher that can be exchanged for food.
کۆتر
(idiomatic) Someone or something that provides income or livelihood, especially as an exploited source.

mean /min/ /miːn/ adj
nîv
Having the mean (see noun below) as its value; average.
bed
Without dignity of mind; destitute of honour; low-minded; spiritless; base.
Intending to cause harm, successfully or otherwise; bearing ill will towards another.
xurt
Powerful; fierce; strong.

mean /min/ /miːn/ n
rê
Something which is intermediate or in the middle; an intermediate value or range of values; a medium. [from 14th c.]
(statistics) The average of a set of values, calculated by summing them together and dividing by the number of terms; the arithmetic mean. [from 15th c.]

mean /min/ /miːn/ v
zanîn
(transitive) Of a person (or animal etc): to intend to express, to imply, to hint at, to allude.
bûn sebeb
(transitive) To cause or produce (a given result); to bring about (a given result). [from 19th c.]

meaning /ˈminɪŋ/ /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n
wate
The denotation, referent, or idea connected with a word, expression, or symbol.
girîngî
The purpose, value, or significance (of something) beyond the fact of that thing's existence.

meaningfulness n
manidarî
The state or measure of being meaningful.

meaningless adj
bêwate
Lacking meaning.

means /minz/ /miːnz/ n
kanî
(uncountable) Resources; riches.

measles /ˈmizəlz/ /ˈmiːzəlz/ n
sorik
(medicine) An acute and highly contagious disease which often afflicts children caused by the virus Measles morbillivirus and causing red rashes, fever, runny nose, coughing, and red eyes.

measure /ˈmeɪ.ʒə/ /ˈmeɪ.ʒɚ/ /ˈmeʒ.ə/ /ˈmɛʒ.ə/ /ˈmɛʒ.ɚ/ /ˈmɪ.ʒɚ/ v
pîvan
To ascertain the quantity of a unit of material via calculated comparison with respect to a standard.

measurement /ˈmeʒ.ə.mənt/ /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/ /ˈmɛʒ.ɚ.mənt/ [ˈmɛʒ.ɚ.mn̩t] n
پێواندن
The act of measuring.

meat /mit/ /miːt/ n
goşt
(uncountable) The flesh (muscle tissue) of an animal used as food. [from 14th c.]
(countable) A type of meat, by anatomic position and provenance. [from 16th c.]
(uncountable) Any relatively thick, solid part of a fruit, nut etc. [from 15th c.]

mechanic /məˈkænɪk/ /mɪˈkænɪk/ n
makînevan
(now, chiefly, historical) A manual worker; a labourer or artisan. [from 16th c.]
Someone who builds or repairs machinery, a technician; now specifically, someone who works with and repairs the mechanical parts of a motor vehicle, aircraft or similar. [from 17th c.]

mechanical /məˈkænəkəl/ /məˈkænɪkəl/ adj
makînevan
Related to mechanics (the branch of physics that deals with forces acting on mass).
Related to mechanics (the design and construction of machines).
Done by machine.
Using mechanics (the design and construction of machines): being a machine.
(figurative) As if performed by a machine: lifeless, mindless, thoughtless, automatic.
(of a person) Acting as if one were a machine: lifeless or mindless.
(informal) Handy with machines.

mechanics n
mekanîk
(physics) The branch of physics that deals with the action of forces on material objects with mass

mechanism /ˈmek.ə.nɪ.zəm/ /ˈmɛk.ə.nɪ.zəm/ [ˈmek.əˌnɪ.zm̩] [ˈmɛk.ə.nɪ.zm̩] n
mekanîzma
(within a machine or machinery) Any mechanical means for the conversion or control of motion, or the transmission or control of power.

medal /ˈmɛdəl/ [ˈmeɾ.ɫ̩] [ˈmɛd.ɫ̩] [ˈmɛɾ.ɫ̩] n
medalya
A stamped metal disc used as a personal ornament, a charm, or a religious object.
A stamped or cast metal object (usually a disc), particularly one awarded as a prize or reward.

media /ˈmidi.ə/ /ˈmiːdiə/ n
medya
(often, treated as, _, uncountable) Means and institutions for publishing and broadcasting information.
(usually, with a definite article; often treated as, _, uncountable) The journalists and other professionals who comprise the mass communication industry.

mediator /ˈmidieɪtɚ/ n
navbeynkar
One who negotiates between parties seeking mutual agreement.

medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
derman
A medicine, or all the medicines regularly taken by a patient.

medicine /ˈmɛd.s(ɪ)n/ /ˈmɛd.ɪ.s(ɪ)n/ /ˈmɛd.ɪ.sɪn/ /ˈmɛdəs(ə)n/ n
tib
(uncountable) The study of the cause, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease or illness.

mediocre /ˈmiːdɪˌəʊkə/ /ˌmidiˈoʊkəɹ/ /ˌmiːdɪˈəʊkə/ adj
alelade
Not excellent or outstanding, usually disappointingly so.

mediterranean sea /ˌmɛ.də.təˈɹeɪ.ni.ən ˈsi/ /ˌmɛ.də.təˈɹeɪ.njən ˈsi/ /ˌmɛ.dɪ.təˈɹeɪ.nɪ.ən ˈsiː/ n
Deryaya Navîn
(oceanography) A mostly enclosed sea that has limited exchange of deep water with outer oceans, and where the water circulation is dominated by salinity and temperature differences rather than winds.

medium /ˈmiː.di.əm/ n
medya
A format for communicating or presenting information.

medley /ˈmɛdli/ n
hêşînayî
A collection or mixture of miscellaneous things. [from 17thc.]

medusa n
medûsa
(zoology) A jellyfish; specifically, a non-polyp form of individual cnidarians, consisting of a gelatinous umbrella-shaped bell and trailing tentacles. [from 18th c.]

meet /mit/ /miːt/ v
rastî hev hatin
To perceive; to come to a knowledge of; to have personal acquaintance with; to experience; to suffer.

meeting /ˈmitɪŋ/ /ˈmiːtɪŋ/ [ˈmiɾɪŋ] n
dawet û dîlan
A gathering of persons for a purpose; an assembly.

meitnerium /maɪtˈnɪəɹi.əm/ n
meîtneryûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Mt) with atomic number 109.

melancholic adj
xemgîn
Filled with or affected by melancholy—great sadness or depression, especially of a thoughtful or introspective nature.

melody /ˈmɛl.ə.di/ n
awaz
A sequence of notes that makes up a musical phrase

melon /ˈmɛlən/ n
gundor petêx
(uncountable) The large, round to ovoid fruits that have rinds and are of such plants

member /ˈmɛmbə/ /ˈmɛmbɚ/ n
ئه‌ندام
One who belongs to a group.
qamîş
(euphemism) The penis.

meme /miːm/ n
memik
(Internet) Media, usually humorous, which is copied and circulated online with slight adaptations, such as basic pictures, video templates, etc. [from 1993]

memento /məˈmɛntoʊ/ n
yadîgar
A keepsake; an object kept as a reminder of a place or event.

memorandum /ˌmɛm.əˈɹæn.dəm/ n
bîrname
A short note serving as a reminder.

memorial /məˈmoʊɹi.əl/ /məˈmɔːɹi.əl/ n
abîde
(obsolete) Memory; recollection. [14th–18th c.]
Something, such as a monument, by which someone or something is remembered. [from 14th c.]
A chronicle or memoir. [from 14th c.]
(now, rare) A note or memorandum. [from 14th c.]
(chiefly, Christianity) A service of remembrance or commemoration. [from 15th c.]
(legal) A statement of facts set out in the form of a petition to a person in authority, a court or tribunal, a government, etc. [from 17th c.]

memorize /ˈmem.əˌɹɑɪ̯z/ /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/ v
[[له‌بیربوون]]
To fully learn so as to have entirely available to the memory; to learn by heart, commit to memory.

memory /ˈmɛm(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɪm(ə)ɹi/ n
bîr
(uncountable) The ability of the brain to record information or impressions with the facility of recalling them later at will.
(computing) The part of a computer that stores variable executable code or data (RAM) or unalterable executable code or default data (ROM).
[[له‌بیربوون]]
A record of a thing or an event stored and available for later use by the organism.

menace /ˈmɛnɪs/ n
gef
A perceived threat or danger. [a. 1300]

menagerie /mɪˈnæd͡ʒəɹɪ/ /mɪˈnæʒəɹɪ/ n
baxçeyê heywanan
A collection of live wild animals as an exhibition historically associated with the aristocracy and considered a precursor of modern zoos.

mend /mɛnd/ /mɪnd/ v
çê kirin
(transitive) To help, to advance, to further; to add to.

mendacity /mɛnˈdæsəti/ [-ɾi] n
derew
(countable) A deceit, falsehood, or lie.

mendelevium /ˌmɛndəˈliːviəm/ n
mendelevium
(chemistry) A transuranic chemical element (symbol Md, formerly Mv) with atomic number 101.

menial /ˈmiːni.əl/ n
benî
A servant, especially a domestic servant.

menopause /ˈmɛnoʊpɔːz/ /ˈmɛnəpɔːz/ n
menopoz
The final menstrual period of a woman after which ovulation no longer occurs.

mental hospital n
psîkolojiya klînîkê
A hospital facility designed to treat persons with serious mental disorders, as opposed to disorders of the body.

mention /ˈmɛnʃən/ v
bi bîr anîn
To make a short reference to something.

mentor /ˈmen.toː/ /ˈmɛn.to(ː)ɹ/ /ˈmɛn.toə/ /ˈmɛn.tɔɹ/ /ˈmɛn.tɔː/ /ˈmɛn.tɚ/ n
xoce
A wise and trusted counselor or teacher.

mercantile /-ˌtil/ /ˈmɜːkənˌtaɪl/ /ˈmɝ.kənˌtaɪl/ adj
bazirganî
(economics) Concerned with the exchange of goods for profit.

merchandise /-daɪz/ /ˈmɜːt͡ʃəndaɪs/ /ˈmɝt͡ʃəndaɪs/ n
baş
(uncountable) Goods which are or were offered or intended for sale.

mercury /ˈmɜː(ɹ)kjʊɹi/ /ˈmɝk(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɝkjəɹi/ n
cîwa
(with definite article) Ambient pressure or temperature (from the use of mercury in barometers and thermometers). [from 17th c.]
zîbeq
(science, historical) One of the elemental principles formerly thought to be present in all metals. [from 15th c.]

merely /ˈmɪəli/ /ˈmɪɹli/ adv
bi tenê
(focus) Without any other reason etc.; only, just, and nothing more. [from 16th c.]

meronym /ˈmɛɹənɪm/ n
meronîm parçenav
(semantics) A term used to denote a thing that is a part of something else.

merry /ˈmeɪɹi/ /ˈmeɹi/ /ˈmɛɹi/ adj
bisiûd
Jolly and full of high spirits; happy.
Festive and full of fun and laughter.

merry Christmas phraseologicalUnit
Noela we pîroz be
(Australia, New Zealand, Philippines, Canada, US) Used to express good wishes on or before Christmas Day.

mess /mɛs/ n
kerxane
A disagreeable mixture or confusion of things; hence, a situation resulting from blundering or from misunderstanding.

mess with v
bilîn
(slang) To interfere with.
lê gerrîn
(slang) To diss; to put down.
pê ve hatin kirin
(slang) To joke around with or dupe someone, in either a friendly or unfriendly manner.

message /ˈmɛsɪd͡ʒ/ n
ده‌نگوباس
nûçe
A communication, or what is communicated; any concept or information conveyed.

messenger /ˈmɛs.n̩.d͡ʒə/ /ˈmɛs.n̩.d͡ʒɚ/ n
hewalnêr
One who brings messages.

mestizo /mɛsˈtiː.zo/ /mɛsˈtiː.zoʊ/ /mɛˈstiː.zoʊ/ n
dureg
(Philippines, historical) A person of mixed ancestry, especially one of Austronesian Filipino and Spanish or Chinese ancestry, such as that of the Spanish mestizos and Chinese mestizos from the Spanish Colonial Era of the Philippines.

metabolism /məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/ /mɪˈtab.ə.lɪz.əm/ /mɪˈtæb.ə.lɪz.əm/ [məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.m̩] [mɪˈtab.ə.lɪz.m̩] [mɪˈtæb.ə.lɪz.m̩] n
metabolîzma
(physiology) The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

metal /ˈmɛtəl/ n
kanza
Any of a number of chemical elements in the periodic table that form a metallic bond with other metal atoms; generally shiny, somewhat malleable and hard, often a conductor of heat and electricity.
(music) A category of rock music encompassing a number of genres (including thrash metal, death metal, heavy metal, etc.) characterized by strong drum-beats and distorted guitars.

metaphor /ˈmɛ.tə.fə/ /ˈmɛ.tə.fɚ/ /ˈmɛt.ə.fɔɹ/ /ˈmɛt.ə.fɔː/ n
mecaz
(countable, figure of speech) A word or phrase used in such implied comparison.

mete /miːt/ v
pîvan
(transitive, usually with “out”) To dispense, measure in order to dispense, allot (especially punishment, reward etc.).

meteor /ˈmiːtiɔɹ/ /ˈmiːtiɚ/ /ˈmiːtɪ.ə/ /ˈmiːtɪɔː/ [ˈmiːɾiɚ] n
rayeka navdêrî
A fast-moving streak of light in the night sky caused by the entry of extraterrestrial matter into the earth's atmosphere; a shooting star or falling star. [from 16th c.]

meteorology /ˌmiːti.əˈɹɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌmiːtɪəˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/ n
meteorolojî hewanasî
The science that deals with the study of the atmosphere and its phenomena, especially with weather and weather forecasting.

meter /ˈmitəɹ/ /ˈmiːtə/ [ˈmiɾɚ] n
mitir
A device that measures things.
rîtm
(obsolete) A poem.

methane /ˈmiːθeɪn/ /ˈmɛθeɪn/ n
mêtan
(organic compound, uncountable) The simplest aliphatic hydrocarbon, CH₄, being a constituent of natural gas, and one of the most abundant greenhouse gases.

method /ˈmɛθəd/ n
rebaz
(countable) A process by which a task is completed; a way of doing something (followed by the adposition of, to or for before the purpose of the process).
(object-oriented) A subroutine or function belonging to a class or object.

metis /meɪˈtiː/ /meɪˈtiːs/ adj
dureg
Of mixed heritage

metre /ˈmiːtə/ /ˈmiːtəɹ/ [ˈmiːɾɚ] n
mitir
The basic unit of length in the International System of Units (SI: Système International d'Unités), equal to the distance travelled by light in a vacuum in 1/299 792 458 seconds. The metre is equal to 39+47⁄127 (approximately 39.37) imperial inches.

metrical foot n
ku
(prosody) The basic unit of the underlying rhythm of verse.

metropole /ˈmɛtɹəpoʊl/ /ˈmɛtɹəpəʊl/ n
metropol
The parent-state of a colony. [from 19th c.]

metropolis /məˈtɹɑ.pə.ləs/ /məˈtɹɑ.pə.lɪs/ /mɪˈtɹɒ.pə.lɪs/ n
metropol
(history, especially, Ancient Greece) The mother (founding) polis (city state) of a colony.
A large, busy city, especially as the main city in an area or country or as distinguished from surrounding rural areas.

microbiology n
hûrjînewerzanist
(biology) The branch of biology that deals with microorganisms, especially their effects on man and other living organisms.

microchip /ˈmaɪkɹoʊˌt͡ʃɪp/ n
mîkroprosesor
integrated circuit

microorganism /ˌmaɪ.kɹoʊˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.m̩/ /ˌmaɪ.kɹəʊˈɔː.ɡəˌnɪz.m̩/ n
hûrjînewer
(microbiology) An organism that is too small to be seen by the unaided eye; especially, a single-celled organism, such as a bacterium.

microprocessor n
mîkroprosesor
(computer hardware) The entire CPU of a computer on a single integrated circuit (chip).

microscope /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌskoʊp/ /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌskəʊp/ n
hûrbîn
An optical instrument used for observing small objects.

microwave oven /ˈmaɪkɹə(ʊ)ˌweɪv ˈʌv(ə)n/ n
mîkro
An oven that uses microwave energy to heat food or other items placed within it.

mid-air n
hewa
The middle of the air, as while in flight.

middle /ˈmɘdɘl/ /ˈmɪdəl/ [ˈmə.dɯ(ɫ)] [ˈmə.ɾ-] [ˈmɪ.dəɫ] [ˈmɪ.dʊ] [ˈmɪ.ɾɫ̩] [ˈmɪ̝.dəɫ] [ˈmɪ̝.dʊ] [ˈmɪ̝.ɾ-] n
nav
A centre, midpoint.
The part between the beginning and the end.
mer
The central part of a human body; the waist.

middle note n
dil
The characteristic parts of a perfume that emerge only after a waiting period.

middleman [ˈmɪdɫ̩ˌmæn] n
navbeynkar
An intermediate dealer between the manufacturer and the retailer or customer.

midget /ˈmɪd͡ʒɪt/ n
bejnbost
(sometimes, offensive) A normally-proportioned person with small stature, usually defined as reaching an adult height less than 4'10". [from later 19th c.]
(sometimes, offensive) Any short person.

midnight /ˈmɪdnʌɪt/ /ˈmɪdˌnaɪt/ n
نیوه‌شه‌و
Twelve o'clock at night exactly.

midsummer n
nîvê havînê
The period around the summer solstice; about 21st June in the northern hemisphere.
The middle of summer.
Midsummer Day, the English quarter day.

midwife /ˈmɪd.(w)ɪf/ /ˈmɪd.waɪf/ n
pîrik
A person, usually a woman, who is trained to assist women in childbirth, but who is not a physician.

midwife /ˈmɪd.(w)ɪf/ /ˈmɪd.waɪf/ v
maman
(transitive) To act as a midwife.

miffed /mɪft/ adj
توڕه‌
(informal) Somewhat indignant, irritated, angry, put out or annoyed.

might /maɪt/ n
karîn
(countable, uncountable) Power, strength, force or influence held by a person or group.
hêz
(uncountable) Physical strength or force.
(uncountable) The ability to do something.

might /maɪt/ v
belkî
(auxiliary) Used to indicate conditional or possible actions.

mighty /ˈmaɪti/ [ˈmʌɪɾi] adj
xurt
Very strong; possessing might.

migraine /ˈmaɪɡɹeɪn/ /ˈmiːɡɹeɪn/ n
mîgren
(pathology) A severe, disabling headache, usually affecting only one side of the head, and often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, photophobia and visual disturbances.

migratory /ˈmaɪ.ɡɹəˌtɔɹ.i/ /ˌmaɪˈɡɹeɪ.tə.ɹi/ adj
koçer
(of birds, etc) Migrating.

mil /mɪl/ n
hezarem
An angular mil, a unit of angular measurement equal to 1⁄6400 of a complete circle. At 1000 metres one mil subtends about one metre (0.98 m). Also 1⁄6000 and 1⁄6300 are used in other countries.

mild /ˈmaɪld/ adj
nerm
Gentle and not easily angered.
(of weather) Moderately warm, especially less cold than expected.

mile /maɪ̯l/ [maɪ̯ɫ] n
hezar
Any of several customary units of length derived from the 1593 English statute mile of 8 furlongs, equivalent to 5,280 feet or 1,760 yards of various precise values.
Any of many customary units of length from other measurement systems of roughly similar values, as the Chinese mile or Arabic mile.

military /mɪ.lɪˈta.ɾi/ /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tɹi/ /ˈmɪl.ɪˌtɛɹ.i/ adj
piyon
Characteristic of members of the armed forces.
(North America) Relating to armed forces such as the army, marines, navy and air force (often as distinguished from civilians or police forces).
Relating to war.
Relating to armies or ground forces.

military /mɪ.lɪˈta.ɾi/ /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tɹi/ /ˈmɪl.ɪˌtɛɹ.i/ n
ئۆردوو
Armed forces.

military service n
ئۆردوو
Service in an army or other military organisation, whether as a chosen job (volunteering) or as a result of an involuntary draft (conscription).

milk /mɪlk/ [mɛlk] n
şîr شیر
(uncountable, by extension) A white (or whitish) liquid obtained from a vegetable source such as almonds, coconuts, oats, rice, and/or soy beans.
şîr
(countable, informal) An individual serving of milk.

milk /mɪlk/ [mɛlk] v
dotin doşîn
(transitive) To express milk from (a mammal, especially a cow).

mill /mɪl/ [mɪo̯] [mɪɫ] [mɪʊ̯] n
aş
The building housing such a grinding apparatus.

millennium /mɪˈlɛnɪəm/ n
hezare
(with definite article) The year in which one period of one thousand years ends and another begins, especially the year 2000.

miller /ˈmɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɪlɚ/ n
ئاشه‌وان
A person who owns or operates a mill, especially a flourmill.

millet /ˈmɪlət/ /ˈmɪlɪt/ n
garis
Any of a group of various types of grass or its grains used as food, widely cultivated in the developing world.

millimetre n
milîmetre
An SI/MKS unit of measure, the length of 1⁄1000 of a metre. Symbol: mm

milling cutter n
tûfiringî
(mechanical engineering) A rotary cutting tool typically used in milling machines.

million /ˈmɪljən/ [ˈmɪʎən] numeral
milyon
(long and short scales) The cardinal number 1,000,000: 106; a thousand thousand.

millstone /ˈmɪlstəʊn/ /ˈmɪlˌstoʊn/ n
beraş
A large round stone used for grinding grain.

milt /mɪlt/ n
şîr
The semen of a male fish.

mimicry /ˈmɪm.ɪ.kɹi/ /ˈmɪm.ɪ.kɹɪ/ n
bîlan
An act or ability to simulate or effect the appearance of someone or something else.

minaret /mɪnəˈɹɛt/ /ˈmɪnəɹɛt/ n
minare
The tall slender tower of an Islamic mosque, from which the muezzin recites the adhan (call to prayer).

mind /maɪnd/ n
hîş
The capability for rational thought.
The ability to be aware of things.
Somebody that embodies certain mental qualities.
helwest
Judgment, opinion, or view.

mine /maɪ̯n/ n
lexem
(military) A device intended to explode when stepped upon or touched, or when approached by a ship, vehicle, or person.

mineral water n
av
water from a spring that naturally contains dissolved minerals, often treated in any of several ways (filtering, aerating etc) and bottled; used either therapeutically or out of preference

mineralogy /ˌmɪnəˈɹɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌmɪnəˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/ n
berbesnasî
(petrology) The branch of petrology that studies minerals.

minister /ˈmɪn.əˌstɚ/ /ˈmɪn.ɪ-/ /ˈmɪn.ɪs.tə/ n
wezîr şalyar
(government) A politician who heads a ministry

mink /mɪŋk/ n
kûje
(plural mink or minks) Any of various semi-aquatic, carnivorous mammals in the Mustelinae subfamily, similar to weasels, with dark fur, native to Europe and America, of which two species in different genera are extant: the American mink (Neovison vison) and the European mink (Mustela lutreola).

minor /ˈmaɪ.nəɹ/ /ˈmaɪnə/ n
بچووک
(Scots law, obsolete) An adolescent, a person above the legal age of puberty but below the age of majority.

mint /mɪnt/ n
nane
The flavouring of the plant, either a sweet, a jelly or sauce.

minute /ˈmɪnɪt/ n
deqe
A unit of time which is one sixtieth of an hour (sixty seconds).
A unit of angle equal to one-sixtieth of a degree.
deqîqe
(informal) A short but unspecified time period.

mirabelle plum n
alûçe
The sweet, edible drupaceous fruit of the mirabelle prune tree, a cultivar of the plum tree of the subspecies Prunus domestica subsp. syriaca, often used in pies, wines, and brandy

mirage /mɪˈɹɑːd͡ʒ/ /mɪˈɹɑːʒ/ n
algûne
An optical phenomenon in which light is refracted through a layer of hot air close to the ground, often giving the illusion of a body of water.

mire /ˈmaɪə/ /ˈmaɪɚ/ /ˈmaɪɹ/ n
avzê
Deep mud; moist, spongy earth.

mirror /ˈmiɹ.ɚ/ /ˈmə.ɹa/ /ˈmɪ.ɹə/ /ˈmɪɹ.ɚ/ /ˈmɪɹ/ n
eynik
A smooth surface, usually made of glass with reflective material painted on the underside, that reflects light so as to give an image of what is in front of it.

mirror /ˈmiɹ.ɚ/ /ˈmə.ɹa/ /ˈmɪ.ɹə/ /ˈmɪɹ.ɚ/ /ˈmɪɹ/ v
şewq dan
(transitive) Of an event, activity, behaviour, etc, to be identical to; to be a copy of.

mirth /mɜɹθ/ /mɜːθ/ [mɝθ] n
şabûnî
That which causes merriment.

mischief /ˈmɪs.t͡ʃiːf/ /ˈmɪs.t͡ʃɪf/ /ˈmɪʃ.t͡ʃiːf/ /ˈmɪʃ.t͡ʃɪf/ n
dijûn
(uncountable) Harm or trouble caused by an agent or brought about by a particular cause.

miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/ adj
xemgîn
In a state of misery: very sad, ill, or poor.

misgive v
gumanbarbûn şik birin ser#Kurdi yekî
(transitive, archaic) (of the mind, heart, etc.) To give fear or doubt to; to make irresolute.

misgiving /mɪsˈɡɪvɪŋ/ n
guman
doubt, apprehension, a feeling of dread

mislead /mɪsˈliːd/ v
xapandin
ji rê derxistin
(literally) To lead astray, in a false direction.

misogyny /mɪˈsɑd͡ʒ.ɪ.ni/ /mɪˈsɒd͡ʒ.ɪ.ni/ n
mîsojînî
Hatred of, contempt for, or prejudice against women.

mispronunciation /mɪspɹəˌnaʊn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ /mɪspɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
bilêvkirin
(uncountable) The act of mispronouncing.
(countable) A mispronounced word or phrase.

miss /mɪs/ v
etirîn
(transitive) To become aware of the loss or absence of; to feel the want or need of, sometimes with regret.
ته‌مه‌شاکردن
(transitive) To fail to understand;
(transitive) To fail to notice; to have a shortcoming of perception; overlook.

mission /ˈmɪʃn̩/ /ˈmɪʃən/ n
berpirsiyarî
(countable) A set of tasks that fulfills a purpose or duty; an assignment set by an employer, or by oneself.

missionary position n
pozîsyona mîsyoneran
A position for sexual intercourse in which the man and woman face each other, with the man on top.

missive /ˈmɪsɪv/ n
نامه‌
(formal) A written message; a letter, note or memo.

mist /mɪst/ n
mij
(countable, uncountable) Water or other liquid finely suspended in air. (Compare fog, haze.)
hilm
(countable) A layer of fine droplets or particles.

mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n
nerast
An error.

mister /ˈmɪstəɹ/ [ˈmɪstə(ɹ)] [ˈmɪstɚ] n
mamoste
A title conferred on an adult male, usually when the name is unknown. Also used as a term of address, often by a parent to a young child.

mistletoe /ˈmɪs(ə)ltəʊ/ /ˈmɪsəlˌtoʊ/ n
çekem
(countable, uncountable) Any of numerous hemiparasitic evergreen plants of the order Santalales with white berries that grow in the crowns of apple trees, oaks, and other trees, such as the European mistletoe (Viscum album) and American mistletoe or eastern mistletoe (Phoradendron leucarpum).

mistrust /mɪsˈtɹʌst/ n
guman
Lack of trust or confidence; distrust, untrust.

mix /ˈmɪks/ v
tevdan
(transitive) To combine (items from two or more sources normally kept separate).

mixed /mɪkst/ adj
têkel
Having two or more separate aspects.

mixture /ˈmɪkstʃə/ /ˈmɪkst͡ʃɚ/ n
tevdan
The act of mixing.

moan /moʊn/ /məʊn/ n
axîn
a low, mournful cry of pain, sorrow or pleasure

mobile phone n
telefona berîkê
A portable telephone that connects with the telephone network over radio wave transmission.

mock-up /ˈmɑk.ʌp/ /ˈmɒk.ʌp/ n
nimûne
A scale or full-size model of a design or device which is not fully functional, used for teaching, demonstration, design evaluation, promotion, and other purposes.

modal /ˈmoʊd.əl/ /ˈməʊd.əl/ n
rawe
(linguistics) A modal form, notably a modal auxiliary.

mode /mod/ /moʊd/ /məʊd/ n
moda
Style or fashion; popular trend.
rawe
(mathematics, physics) A state of a system that is represented by an eigenfunction of that system.

model /ˈmɑdl̩/ /ˈmɒdl̩/ [ˈmɑ.ɾɫ] n
nimûne
A successful example to be copied, with or without modifications.

moderation /ˌmɑdəˈɹeɪʃən/ /ˌmɒdəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
îtîdal
The state or quality of being moderate; avoidance of extremes

modern /ˈmɑdɚn/ /ˈmɒd(ə)n/ adj
hevdem
Pertaining to a current or recent time and style; not ancient.

modernity /məˈdɜːn.ɪ.ti/ /məˈdɝn.ɪ.ti/ n
modernîteya

modest /ˈmɑdəst/ adj
dilnizm
Not bragging or boasting about oneself or one's achievements; unpretentious, humble.
nehêja
Small, moderate in size.

moisten /ˈmɔɪsən/ v
şil kirin
(transitive) To make moist or moister.

moisturize /ˈmɔɪs.t͡ʃəɹaɪz/ v
şil kirin
(transitive) To make more moist.

mole /mol/ /moʊl/ /mɒʊl/ /məʊl/ n
koremişk
Any of the burrowing rodents also called mole-rats.

molecular /məˈlɛkjuləɹ/ /məˈlɛkjələɹ/ /məˈlɛkjʊlə/ adj
molekûler
(chemistry) Relating to, or consisting of, or produced by molecules.
(food) Relating to molecular gastronomy.

molecule /ˈmɑl.ə.kjul/ /ˈmɒl.ə.kjuːl/ n
molekûl
(chemistry) The smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

molybdenum /məˈlɪbdɪnəm/ n
molîbden
A chemical element (symbol Mo) with an atomic number of 42: a silvery metal, not found as a free element, used in steel alloys.

moment /ˈmoʊmənt/ /ˈməʊmənt/ n
deqîqe
(historical, unit) A definite period of time, specifically one-tenth of a point, or one-fortieth or one-fiftieth of an hour.

momentous /moʊˈmɛn.təs/ /məʊˈmɛn.təs/ adj
girîng
Outstanding in importance, of great consequence.

momentum /ˌmoʊˈmɛntəm/ /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/ n
tehn
(physics) Of a body in motion: the tendency of a body to maintain its inertial motion; the product of its mass and velocity, or the vector sum of the products of its masses and velocities.

monarch /ˈmɑnɑɹk/ /ˈmɑnɚk/ /ˈmɒnək/ n
haqan
The ruler of an absolute monarchy or the head of state of a constitutional monarchy.

monastery /ˈmɑnəstəɹi/ /ˈmɑnəstɛɹi/ /ˈmɒnəstɹi/ n
xilwet
A residence for monks or others who have taken religious vows.

money /ˈmʌni/ [ˈmɐni] n
dirav pare
A generally accepted means of exchange and measure of value.

monger /ˈmɑŋ.ɡəɹ/ /ˈmʌŋ.ɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈmʌŋ.ɡəɹ/ v
firotin
(transitive, British) To sell or peddle something

mongrel /ˈmɑŋ.ɡɹəl/ /ˈmʌŋ.ɡɹəl/ n
dureg
(often, pejorative) Someone or something of mixed kind or uncertain origin, especially a dog.

moniker /ˈmɑn.ɪ.kɚ/ /ˈmɒn.ɪ.kə/ n
bernavk
A personal name or nickname; an informal label, often drawing attention to a particular attribute.

monitor /ˈmɑ.nə.ɾɚ/ /ˈmɑ.nɪ.ɾɚ/ /ˈmɒn.ɪ.tə/ /ˈmɔn.ə.ɾɚ/ /ˈmɔn.ɪ.tə/ /ˈmɔn.ɪ.ɾə/ /ˈmɔn.ɪ.ɾɚ/ n
dîmender
(computing) A device similar to a television set used as to give a graphical display of the output from a computer.

monk /mʌŋk/ n
abon
A male member of a monastic order who has devoted his life for religious service.

monkey /ˈmʊŋki/ /ˈmʌŋki/ n
meymûn
(inexact, sometimes, _, proscribed) Any simian primate other than hominids, any monkey or ape.
(informal, sometimes, _, offensive) A naughty or mischievous person, especially a child.

monkeypox n
sorika meymûnê
(disease) A viral disease, of primates and some other mammals, related to smallpox, caused by the Monkeypox virus.

monochrome /ˈmɑn.əˌkɹoʊm/ /ˈmɒn.əˌkɹəʊm/ n
sipî
A black and white image, especially such a photograph.

monocotyledon /ˌmɒnəˌkɒtɪˈliːdən/ n
yekqalikan
(botany) Any plant whose seedlings typically have one cotyledon (seed leaf) (in contrast to the two cotyledons typical of dicots), thereby belonging to the taxonomic monocots, formerly variously known as Monocotyledones, Monocotyledonae, or Liliopsida, a class in the angiosperms (Angiospermae), the flowering plants.

monotheism /ˌmɑnoʊ̯ˈθiɪzm̩/ n
monoteyîzm
The belief in a single deity (one god or goddess); especially within an organized religion.

monstrous /ˈmɑnstɹəs/ /ˈmɒnstɹəs/ adj
زۆر چاک
Enormously large.

montage /mɑnˈtɑʒ/ /mɒnˈtɑːʒ/ /ˈmɑn.tɑʒ/ /ˈmɒn.tɑːʒ/ v
hilketin
(transitive) To combine into, or depict as, a montage.

month /mʌnθ/ n
meh
A period into which a year is divided, historically based on the phases of the moon.

monument /ˈmɑnjəmənt/ /ˈmɑnjʊmənt/ /ˈmɒnjʊmənt/ n
abîde
A structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons, or as a memorial; a commemoration.

moo /mu/ /muː/ n
çêl
(UK, slang, mildly, _, derogatory) A foolish woman.

moola /ˈmuː.lɑ/ /ˈmuː.lə/ /ˈmuːˌlɑː/ /ˈmyː.lɑ/ /ˈmʊ.lɑ/ n
kebic
(informal) Money, cash.

moon /mun/ /muːn/ n
hîv
(informal, by extension of Moon) Any natural satellite of a planet.
(literary) A month, particularly a lunar month.

moon bag n
mûz
A small pouch attached to a belt that is worn on the outside of clothing around the waist and used for holding small personal items.

moon landing n
daketina ser heyvê
The safe arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the moon.

moonlight /ˈmunˌlaɪt/ n
tavehîv
(sometimes, attributive) The light reflected from the Moon.

moor /moː/ /muːɹ/ /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ /mʉːɹ/ /mʊ(ə)ɹ/ /mʊə/ [möː(ə̯)~mʊ̈ː(ə̯)] n
şafir
An extensive waste covered with patches of heath, and having a poor, light soil, but sometimes marshy, and abounding in peat; a heath

moorhen /ˈmuɹ.hɛn/ n
mirîşka avî
Any of various medium-sized water birds of the genus Gallinula, of the rail family, that feed in open water margins.

moose /muːs/ /mʉs/ n
ცხენ-ირემი
The largest member of the deer family (Alces americanus, sometimes included in Alces alces), of which the male has very large, palmate antlers.

moral /ˈmoɹəl/ /ˈmɑɹəl/ /ˈmɒɹəl/ n
etîk
(chiefly, in the plural) Moral practices or teachings: modes of conduct.

morality /məˈɹælɪti/ n
etîk
(uncountable) Recognition of the distinction between good and evil or between right and wrong; respect for and obedience to the rules of right conduct; the mental disposition or characteristic of behaving in a manner intended to produce morally good results.

morass /məˈɹæs/ n
avzê
A tract of soft, wet ground; a marsh; a fen.

more /mo(ː)ɹ/ /moə/ /moʊ/ /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ adv
bêhtir
Used to form the comparative form of adjectives and adverbs. [from 13thc.]

more /mo(ː)ɹ/ /moə/ /moʊ/ /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ determiner
bêhtir
in greater number. (Used for a discrete quantity.)
in greater quantity, amount, or proportion. (Used for a continuous quantity.)
Additional; further.
Bigger, stronger, or more valuable.

more or less /mɔɹ ɔɹ lɛs/ adv
kêm zêde
Approximately.

moreover /mɔɹˈoʊvɚ/ /mɔːˈɹəʊvə/ adv
ji bilî wilo
(conjunctive) In addition to what has been said; furthermore; additionally.

mores /ˈmɔː.ɹeɪz/ n
baw
A set of moral norms or customs derived from generally accepted practices rather than written laws.

morning /mɔːnɪŋ/ /mɔːɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ n
sibe
The early part of the day, especially from midnight to noon. [from 13th c.]
(obsolete) That part of the day from dawn until the main meal (typically in late afternoon). [18th–19th c.]

morose /mɔɹˈoʊs/ /məˈɹoʊs/ /məˈɹəʊs/ adj
azerdedil
Sullen, gloomy; showing a brooding ill humour.

morphology /moːˈfɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /mɔɹˈfɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /mɔːˈfɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
morfolojî
(biology) The study of the form and structure of animals and plants.
(linguistics) The study of the internal structure of morphemes (words and their semantic building blocks).
(uncountable) A scientific study of form and structure, usually without regard to function. Especially:

morrow /ˈmɑɹ.oʊ/ /ˈmɒɹ.əʊ/ /ˈmɔɹ.oʊ/ n
sibe

mortal /ˈmɔɹtəl/ /ˈmɔːtəl/ n
مرۆڤ
A human; someone susceptible to death.

mortality /mɔɹˈtælɪti/ n
bergornîtî
The state of being susceptible to death.

mortar /ˈmɔːtə(ɹ)/ n
bariste
(uncountable) A mixture of lime or cement, sand and water used for bonding building blocks.

mortify /ˈmoɹtɪfaɪ/ /ˈmɔːtɪfaɪ/ v
kuştin
(obsolete, transitive) To reduce the potency of; to nullify; to deaden, neutralize. [14th–18th c.]
(obsolete, transitive) To kill off (living tissue etc.); to make necrotic. [15th–18th c.]
(obsolete, transitive) To affect with vexation, chagrin, or humiliation; to humble; to depress.

mosque /mɑsk/ /mɒsk/ n
mizgeft
(Islam) A place of worship for Muslims, often having at least one minaret; a masjid.

mosquito /mɒˈskiː.təʊ/ /məˈski.toʊ/ /məˈskiːto/ [məˈskiːɾ̥o] [məˈskɪto] n
مێشوله‌
A small flying insect of the family Culicidae, the females of which bite humans and animals and suck blood, leaving an itching bump on the skin, and sometimes carrying diseases like malaria, dengue and yellow fever.

mosquito net n
kule
A fine net, placed around a bed, in a window opening, etc., to provide protection against mosquitoes and other insects, and the diseases carried by them.

moss /mɑs/ /mɒs/ /mɔs/ n
kevz
Any of various small, green, seedless plants growing on the ground or on the surfaces of trees, stones, etc.; now specifically, a plant of the phylum Bryophyta (formerly division Musci).
(countable) A kind or species of such plants.

mote /moʊt/ /məʊt/ n
libik
A small particle; a speck.

mother /ˈmɐðə/ /ˈmʊðə/ /ˈmʊðəɹ/ /ˈmʌðə/ /ˈmʌðəɹ/ /ˈmʌðɚ/ n
dayik دایک
A female parent, sometimes especially a human; a female who parents a child (which she has given birth to, adopted, or fostered).
dayik
(figuratively) A source or origin.
Something that is the greatest or most significant of its kind. (See mother of all.)

mother tongue /ˈmʌð.ə ˌtʌŋ/ /ˈmʌð.ɚ ˌtʌŋ/ n
zimanê dayikî
The language one first learned; the language one grew up with; one's native language.

mother-in-law /ˈmʌ.ðəɹ.ɪnˌlɑː/ /ˈmʌ.ðəɹ.ɪnˌlɔː/ n
خه‌سو xesû
The mother of one's spouse.

motherese n
bebektî
Baby talk.

motherfucker /ˈmʌðəˌfʌkə/ /ˈmʌðɚˌfʌkɚ/ n
dêqehp
(vulgar) An extremely intense experience, often but not always negative.
(vulgar, literally) One who engages in incest with their mother.
(vulgar, literally) One who engages in sex with a mother, not necessarily one's own.

motherhood /ˈmə-/ /ˈmʌðəhʊd/ /ˈmʌðɚˌhʊd/ n
dayikî
The state of being a mother.
dayik
Mothers, considered as a group.

motion /ˈmoʊ.ʃən/ /ˈməʊ.ʃən/ n
livîn
(uncountable) A state of progression from one place to another.

motor scooter n
moz
A small motorcycle or moped with a step-through frame.

motor vehicle n
makîna
Any land-based means of transportation in the form of a machine that operates primarily through a motor to provide power to rotate the tires.

motorboat /ˈmoʊtəˌboʊt/ /ˈməʊtəˌbəʊt/ n
motorbot
(nautical) Any vessel driven by an engine (either inboard or outboard), but especially a small one.

motorcycle /ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/ /ˈməʊtəˌsaɪkəl/ [ˈmoʊɾɚˌsaɪkl̩] n
motorçerxe
An open-seated motor vehicle with handlebars instead of a steering wheel, and having two (or sometimes three) wheels.

motorway /ˈməʊtəweɪ/ n
otorê
(UK, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia) A highway with grade-separated crossings (rather than level crossings) and designed (and only permitted) for high-speed motor-traffic (in Europe motor vehicles with a higher speed limit than 40 km/h) running in two directions on one separate carriageway each.

moulin /ˈmuːlæn/ n
aş
(geology) A cylindrical, vertical shaft that extends through a glacier and is carved by meltwater from the glacier’s surface.

mound /maʊnd/ n
qoqiz
A natural elevation appearing as if thrown up artificially; a regular and isolated hill, hillock, or knoll.

mount /maʊnt/ [maʊnt] [maʊnʔ] [mãʊ̃(n)ʔ] n
siwar
(obsolete) A rider in a cavalry unit or division.

mount /maʊnt/ [maʊnt] [maʊnʔ] [mãʊ̃(n)ʔ] v
hilketin
(obsolete, transitive) To cause (something) to rise or ascend; to drive up; to raise; to elevate; to lift up.
(transitive, computing) To attach (a drive or device) to the file system in order to make it available to the operating system.

mountain /ˈmaʊn.tən/ /ˈmaʊn.tɪn/ [ˈmaʊn.tn̩] [ˈmãʊ̯̃(n)ʔn̩] [ˈmæ̃ʊ̯̃(n)ʔn̩] n
çiya
(countable) An elevation of land of considerable dimensions rising more or less abruptly, forming a conspicuous figure in the landscape, usually having a small extent of surface at its summit. [from 12th c.]
(countable) Something very large in size or quantity; a huge amount; a great heap. [from 15th c.]

mountain bike n
rayeka navdêrî
(cycling) A bicycle specially designed for off-road riding, typically with straight, flat handlebars, a heavier frame than road bikes, higher ground clearance, and wider tires, sometimes with knobs on them for greater traction.

mountain range n
rêzeçiya
(geography) A series of adjoining mountains, often in a line.

mountaineer /ˌmaʊn.tɪnˈɪə̯(ɹ)/ /ˌmaʊn.tɪnˈɪɹ/ [ˌmãʊ̯̃(n)ʔn̩ˈiəɹ] [ˌmæ̃ʊ̯̃(n)ʔn̩ˈiəɹ] n
çiyakêş
A person who climbs mountains for sport or pleasure. [from 19th c.]

mountaintop n
سه‌رشاخ
The summit of a mountain.

mourning /ˈmo(ː)ɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmoənɪŋ/ /ˈmoɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ /ˈmʊənɪŋ/ /ˈmʊənɪŋ/<a:rare> /ˈmʊɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmʊɹnɪŋ/<a:rare> [ˈmo̞ɹnɪŋ] n
şîn
The act of expressing or feeling sorrow or regret; lamentation.
Feeling or expressing sorrow over someone's death.
xem
The traditional clothes worn by those who mourn (in Western societies, typically coloured black).

mouse /maʊs/ /maʊz/ /mʌʊs/ /mʌʊz/ n
mişk مشک
Any small rodent of the genus Mus.
(computing) (plural mice or, rarely, mouses) An input device that is moved over a pad or other flat surface to produce a corresponding movement of a pointer on a graphical display.
mişk
A quiet or shy person.

moustache /məˈstaːʃ/ /məˈstæʃ/ /məˈstɐːʃ/ /məˈstɑːʃ/ /məˈstɒʃ/ /ˈmʌstæʃ/ n
simbêl
A growth of facial hair between the nose and the upper lip.

mouth /maʊð/ /maʊθ/ /mʌʊθ/ [məʊθ] n
dev
(anatomy) The opening of a creature through which food is ingested.

move /muːv/ v
çûn
ajawe
(intransitive) To act; to take action; to begin to act

movement /ˈmuːv.mənt/ n
livîn
Physical motion between points in space.
A trend in various fields or social categories, a group of people with a common ideology who try together to achieve certain general goals.
parçe
(music) A large division of a larger composition.

movie /ˈmuːvi/ n
سینه‌ما
(chiefly, North America, AU) A recorded sequence of images displayed on a screen at a rate sufficiently fast to create the appearance of motion; a film.

moxie /ˈmɒksi/ n
şorbehûr
Nerve, spunk, strength of character.

much /mʊt͡ʃ/ /mʌt͡ʃ/ adv
گه‌لێك
To a great extent.

much /mʊt͡ʃ/ /mʌt͡ʃ/ determiner
گه‌لێك
A large amount of. [from 13th c.]

mudbrick /ˈmʌd.bɹɪk/ n
libên hişkkirî
Adobe brick; unfired brick made from mud or clay mixed with straw.

muffle /mʌfl̩/ v
fetisandin
(transitive, dated) To prevent seeing, or hearing, or speaking, by wraps bound about the head; to blindfold; to deafen.

mug /mʌɡ/ n
fincan
A large cup for beverages, usually having a handle and used without a saucer.A mug
hirmê
(slang, often, derogatory) The face.
(slang, derogatory) A gullible or easily-cheated person.

mug shot n
wêne
A photograph taken of the head and shoulders, often from the front and in profile, usually taken in conjunction with somebody's arrest.

mulberry /ˈmʌlbəɹi/ /ˈmʌlbɛɹi/ /ˈmʌlbɹi/ n
tû
(countable) The fruit of this tree.

mullah /ˈmʊ.lə/ /ˈmʌ.lə/ n
مەلا
(Islam) A religious scholar and teacher of sharia law.

multicolored /ˈmʌltɪˌkʌləd/ /ˈmʌltɪˌkʌlɚd/ adj
deqsor
(American spelling) Having multiple colors.

multilingual /ˌmʌltiˈlɪŋɡwəl/ adj
pirzimanî
Of, relating to, or involving multiple languages.
(of a person) Able to communicate in a number of languages.

multilingualism n
pirzimanî
the condition of being multilingual; the ability to speak multiple languages

multiplicand /ˌmʌltəplɪˈkænd/ n
xenîm
(arithmetic) A number that is to be multiplied by another (the multiplier).

multiplier /ˈmʌltɪˌplaɪəɹ/ [ˈmʌɫ.tɪ.ˌplaɪ.ə(ɹ)] [ˈmʌɫ.tɪ.ˌplaɪ.ɚ] n
xenîm
(arithmetic) A number by which another (the multiplicand) is to be multiplied.
(grammar) An adjective indicating the number of times something is to be multiplied.

multitude /ˈmʌltəˌt(j)ud/ /ˈmʌltɪtjuːd/ [-t͡ʃ-] n
bariste
A great amount or number, often of people; abundance, myriad, profusion.

multitudinous /ˌmʌltɪˈtjuːdɪnəs/ /ˌmʌltɪˈtudənəs/ adj
bêjimar
Existing in great numbers; innumerable. [from 17th c.]

mum /mʌm/ n
dayik
(UK, Ireland, Canada, New England, South Africa, India, Singapore) Mother.

mummy /ˈmʌmi/ n
dayik
(chiefly, UK, New England, usually, childish) mother.

munchies /ˈmʌnt͡ʃiz/ n
birç
(slang, with the definite article) Hunger, especially a craving for food as a result of cannabis or alcohol consumption.

mundane /mʌnˈdeɪn/ adj
alelade
Ordinary; not new.

munge /mʌnd͡ʒ/ v
ziyan gihandin
(transitive, computing, informal) To transform data in an undefined or unexplained manner, as for example when data wrangling requires nonsystemic or nonsystematic edits.

municipal /mjuˈnɪsɪpəl/ adj
bajar
Of or pertaining to a municipality (a city or a corporation having the right of administering local government).

mura /ˈmu.ɹə/ n
دێ
Nonuniformity in the luminance of a display device.

murder /ˈmɜːdə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɝ.dɚ/ v
kuştin
To illegally kill (a person or persons) with intent, especially with predetermination

murderer /ˈmɜːdəɹə/ /ˈmɝdɚɚ/ n
qatil
A person who commits murder.

murderous /ˈmɜːdəɹəs/ /ˈmɜːdɹəs/ /ˈmɝdəɹəs/ /ˈmɝdɹəs/ adj
qatil
Of a person: intending or likely to commit murder; bloodthirsty, homicidal.
(often, figuratively) Of an object: used to commit murder; capable of causing death; deadly, fatal.

murine /ˈmjʊəɹaɪn/ adj
mişk
More generally, of, pertaining to, or characteristic of any rodent up to the taxonomic rank of Muroidea, most often with reference to mice and rats of the subfamily Murinae.

murk /mɜːk/ /mɝk/ n
tarîtî
Darkness, or a dark or gloomy environment.

murky /ˈmɜː(ɹ)ki/ adj
gerek
Hard to see through, as a fog or mist.
تاریک
(by extension) Dishonest, shady.

murmur /ˈmɜː.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɝ.mɚ/ n
هه‌ناسه‌
(cardiology, medicine) The sound made by any condition which produces noisy, or turbulent, flow of blood through the heart.

muscle /ˈmʌ.sl̩/ /ˈmʌ.səl/ n
masûlke
(uncountable) A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.

musette /mjuˈzɛt/ /mjuːˈzɛt/ /mjʊ-/ n
tulum
(by extension) A pastoral air or tune that has a drone imitating such an instrument; also, a dance performed to this music. [from 18th c.]
(historical) An organ stop using reed pipes with cone-shaped resonators, found in organs in France in the 17th and 18th centuries. [from 19th c.]
(historical) Any of various small bagpipes having a soft sound, especially with a bellows, which were popular in France in the 17th and early 18th century. [from 14th c.]
A small oboe without a cap for its reed, which evolved from the chanter or pipe of bagpipes; a piccolo oboe. [from 19th c.]
(chiefly, US, originally, military) In full musette bag: a small bag or knapsack with a shoulder strap, formerly used by soldiers, and now (cycling) chiefly by cyclists to hold food and beverages or other items. [from 20th c.]

museum /mjuˈziəm/ /mjuˈzæm/ /mjuːˈziːəm/ /mjəˈziːəm/ [mjuˈzɛəm] n
muze عه‌نتیکه‌ خانه‌
A building or institution dedicated to the acquisition, conservation, study, exhibition, and educational interpretation of objects having scientific, historical, cultural or artistic value.

mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/ /ˈmʌʃˌɹʊm/ n
kivark
A fungus producing such fruiting bodies.

mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/ /ˈmʌʃˌɹʊm/ v
peqandin
(intransitive, figurative) To grow quickly to a large size or rapidly increase in scope or scale.

music /ˈmjuzɪk/ /ˈmjuːzɪk/ n
muzîk
A series of sounds organized in time, usually employing some combination of harmony, melody, rhythm, tempo, etc., often to convey a mood.
(figuratively) Any interesting or pleasing sounds.

musical /ˈmju.zɪ.kəl/ adj
muzîk
Of, belonging or relating to music, or to its performance or notation.

musical instrument n
amûrên muzîkê
A device, object, contrivance or machine used to produce musical notes or sounds.

musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/ n
muzîkvan
A composer, conductor, or performer of music; specifically, a person who sings and/or plays a musical instrument as a hobby, occupation, or profession.

musket /ˈmʌskət/ /ˈmʌskɪt/ n
huske
A kind of firearm formerly carried by the infantry of an army, originally fired by means of a match, or matchlock, for which several mechanical appliances (including the flintlock, and finally the percussion lock) were successively substituted; ultimately superseded by the rifle.

must /məs(t)/ /ˈmʌst/ n
hewcetî
Something that is mandatory or required.

mute /mjuːt/ /mɪu̯t/ adj
lal
Not having the power of speech; dumb. [from 15th c.]
Silent; not making a sound. [from 15th c.]
Not giving a ringing sound when struck; said of a metal.

mute /mjuːt/ /mɪu̯t/ n
lal
(obsolete, theatre) An actor who does not speak; a mime performer. [16th–19th c.]
A person who does not have the power of speech. [from 17th c.]

mutton /ˈmʌtn̩/ [ˈmʌʔn̩] n
گۆشتی به‌رخ
The meat of sheep used as food.

mutual /ˈmjuːt͡ʃuəl/ adj
cariye
Having the same relationship, each to each other.
Possessed in common.

my name is phraseologicalUnit
ez
A common way to identify oneself.

my pleasure interjection
na
A polite reaction to receiving thanks, meaning that the speaker enjoyed helping the listener.

mycology /maɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /maɪˈkɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
mîkolojî
The study of fungi, in the wide sense.

myofibril n
masûlkerîşalok
(muscle) Any of the cylindrical organelles, found within muscle cells, that are the contractile unit of muscles.

myriad /ˈmɪɹi.æd/ /ˈmɪɹi.əd/ n
bêjimar
A countless number or multitude (of specified things) [from 16th c.]

myrtle /ˈmɜːtl̩/ /ˈmɝtl̩/ [ˈmɝtɫ̩] [ˈmɝɾɫ̩] n
kuncere
An evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Myrtus, native to southern Europe and north Africa.

myth /mɪθ/ n
efsane
An invented story, theory, or concept.

mythology /mɪˈθɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /mɪˈθɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
mîtolojî
(countable, _, and, _, uncountable) The collection of myths of a people, concerning the origin of the people, history, deities, ancestors and heroes.

mâche n
کاهو
Valerianella locusta, a small dicot annual plant of the family Caprifoliaceae often cultivated as a salad green or herb.

métier /ˈmɛtjeɪ/ n
meslek
Any activity that is pursued as a trade or profession; a calling.

nail /neɪl/ [neɪ̯ɫ] n
نینۆک
The thin, horny plate at the ends of fingers and toes on humans and some other animals.
بزمار
A spike-shaped metal fastener used for joining wood or similar materials. The nail is generally driven through two or more layers of material by means of impacts from a hammer or other device. It is then held in place by friction.
şanzdeh
An archaic English unit of length equivalent to 1⁄20 of an ell or 1⁄16 of a yard (2+1⁄4 inches or 5.715 cm).

nail /neɪl/ [neɪ̯ɫ] v
şandin
(transitive, slang) To accomplish (a task) completely and successfully.
bale kirin
(transitive, slang) To hit (a target) effectively with some weapon.

naked /ˈneɪkɪd/ /ˈnɛkɪd/ adj
rût
Bare, not covered by clothing.
rûs
(obsolete) Lacking some clothing; clothed only in underwear.
Glib, without decoration, put bluntly.
(of land, rocks, or plants) Barren, having no foliage, unvegetated.

naked as the day one was born phraseologicalUnit
riprût
Completely naked.

nakedness n
tazîtî
The state or condition of being naked; nudity; bareness; defenselessness; undisguisedness.

name /neɪm/ n
nav ناو
Any nounal word or phrase which indicates a particular person, place, class, or thing.
Reputation.

name day n
cejn
The feast day of the saint after whom one is named.

named /neɪmd/ /ˈneɪmd/ adj
bi nav
Having a name.

nameless adj
bênav
Not having a name.

nanny /ˈnæni/ n
dadik
A child's nurse.

napkin /ˈnæp.kɪn/ n
şalgerdan
A small scarf worn on the head by Christian women (chiefly Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox) when entering a church, as a token of modesty.

narcissism /ˈnɑɹsəˌsɪzm/ /ˈnɑːsəˌsɪzm/ n
narsîsîzm
Excessive love of oneself.

narrate /nəˈɹeɪt/ /nəˈɹæɪt/ /ˈnæɹeɪt/ /ˈnɛɹ.eɪt/ v
vegotin
(transitive) To relate (a story or series of events) in speech or writing.

narrator /-nəˈɹeɪtɚ/ /-ɹətɚ/ /nəˈɹeɪtə/ /ˈnæˌɹeɪtɚ/ /ˈnɛˌɹeɪtɚ/ [-ɾɚ] n
çîrrokbêj
(narratology) The person or the "voice" whose viewpoint is used in telling a story.
vebêj
(film, and, television) The person providing the voice-over in a documentary.

narrow /ˈnæɹoʊ/ /ˈnæɹəʊ/ /ˈnɛ(ə)ɹoʊ/ v
dijwar bûn
(transitive) To reduce in width or extent; to contract.
(intransitive) To get narrower.

nasal /ˈneɪ.zəl/ adj
difin
(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to the nose or to the nasion.

nasty /ˈnaː.sti/ /ˈnæs.ti/ /ˈnɑː.sti/ adj
pîs
(now, _, chiefly, _, US) Dirty, filthy. [from 14th c.]

nation /ˈneɪ̯.ʃən/ /ˈneɪ̯.ʃɪn/ n
netewe
(collective) A historically constituted, stable community of people, formed based on a common language, territory, economic life, ethnicity and/or psychological make-up manifested in a common culture.
(international, _, legal, metonymically) A sovereign state; (loosely, metonymically, proscribed) a country.

national /ˈnaʃn(ə)l/ /ˈnaʃn̩(ə)l/ /ˈnæʃn(ə)l/ /ˈnæʃən(ə)l/ adj
neteweyî
Pertaining to a nation or country, especially as a whole; affecting, shared by, or existing throughout all of a nation. [from 16th c.]

national /ˈnaʃn(ə)l/ /ˈnaʃn̩(ə)l/ /ˈnæʃn(ə)l/ /ˈnæʃən(ə)l/ n
acincî
A subject of a nation.

nationalitarian n
neteweyî

nationality /-ˈnæl.ti/ /-ˈnæl.ə.ti/ /ˌnæʃ.əˈnæl.ɪ.ti/ /ˌnæʃ.ˈnæl.ɪ.ti/ n
netewe
National origin or identity; legal membership of a particular nation or state, by origin, birth, naturalization, ownership, allegiance or otherwise. [from 18th c.]

natural /ˈnæt͡ʃ(ə)ɹəl/ adj
normal
As expected; reasonable, normal; naturally arising from the given circumstances. [from 14th c.]
siruştî
Containing no artificial or man-made additives; especially (of food) containing no colourings, flavourings or preservatives. [from 19th c.]
Normally associated with a particular person or thing; inherently related to the nature of a thing or creature. [from 14th c.]

natural gas n
erdgaz
A mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons associated with petroleum deposits; mostly methane with smaller amounts of ethane, propane and butane; principally used as a fuel.

natural scientist n
siriştnas
A scientist dedicated to natural science.

naturalist n
siriştnas
(philosophy) A person who believes in or advocates the tenets of philosophical or methodological naturalism. [from 16th c.]

nature /ˈneɪ̯.tʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈneɪ̯.tʃə/ /ˈneɪ̯.t͡ʃəɹ/ /ˈnæɪ̯.tʃə/ /ˈnɛː.tʃɐ/ [ˈnae̯tʃɐ] [ˈnæe̯tʃɐ] n
sirişt
(uncountable, often, _, capitalized) The way things are, the totality of all things in the physical universe and their order, especially the physical world in contrast to spiritual realms and flora and fauna as distinct from human conventions, art, and technology.
The essential or innate characteristics of a person or thing which will always tend to manifest, especially in contrast to specific contexts, reason, religious duty, upbringing, and personal pretense or effort.

naughty /ˈnɑti/ /ˈnɔti/ /ˈnɔːti/ [ˈnɑɾi] [ˈnɔɾi] adj
qilêr
Sexually provocative; now in weakened sense, risqué, cheeky. [from 19th c.]

nautical /ˈnoː.tɪ.kəl/ /ˈnɑ.tɪ.kəl/ /ˈnɔ.tɪ.kəl/ /ˈnɔː.tɪ.kəl/ [ˈnoː.ɾɪ.kl̩] [ˈnɑ.ɾɪ.kl̩] [ˈnɔ.ɾɪ.kl̩] [ˈnɔː.tɪ.kl̩] adj
derya
Relating to or involving ships or shipping or navigation or seamen.

navel /ˈneɪbəl/ /ˈneɪvəl/ n
navik
(anatomy) The indentation or bump remaining in the abdomen of mammals where the umbilical cord was attached before birth.

navigate /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ v
seyirîn
(transitive) To plan, control and record the position and course of a vehicle, ship, aircraft, etc., on a journey; to follow a planned course.
(intransitive) To travel over water in a ship; to sail.

navigator n
gerok
A person who navigates, especially an officer with that responsibility on a ship or an aircrew member with that responsibility on an aircraft.
A sea explorer.

near /nɛə/ /nɪə(ɹ)/ /nɪə/ /nɪɚ/ [nɪː] adj
nêzîkî

near /nɛə/ /nɪə(ɹ)/ /nɪə/ /nɪɚ/ [nɪː] preposition
ba
Physically close to, in close proximity to.

nearly /ˈniːɹli/ /ˈnɪəli/ /ˈnɪɹli/ adv
hema hema
In close approximation; almost, virtually. [from 17th c.]

neat /ˈniːt/ adj
xewer
Free from contaminants; unadulterated, undiluted. Particularly of liquor and cocktails; see usage below.

necessitate /nəˈsɛsəˌteɪt/ /nɪˈsɛsɪteɪt/ v
pirsîn
(transitive) To make necessary; to behove; to require (something) to be brought about. [from early 17th c.]

necessity /nɪˈsɛsəti/ n
hewcetî
The quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite.
çarenivîs
Something which makes an act or an event unavoidable; an irresistible force; overruling power.

neck /nɛk/ n
gerden
(anatomy) The part of the body connecting the head and the trunk found in humans and some animals.

neckerchief /ˈnɛkə(ɹ)tʃiːf/ /ˈnɛkə(ɹ)tʃɪf/ n
destmal
A scarf that is worn looped or tied around the neck.

necklace /ˈnɛklæɪs/ /ˈnɛkləs/ /ˈnɛklɪs/ n
gerdenî
An article of jewelry that is worn around the neck, most often made of a string of precious metal, pearls, gems, beads or shells, and sometimes having a pendant attached.

necktie /ˈnɛk.taɪ/ n
kravat
A strip of cloth worn around the neck and tied in the front. See also bowtie.

necropsy /nɪˈkɹɒpsi/ /ˈnɛkɹɑpsi/ /ˈnɛkɹɒpsi/ n
otopsî
(medicine) The pathological examination of a corpse, particularly to determine cause of death. [from 19th c.]

need /nid/ /niːd/ [nɪi̯d] n
hewcetî
(countable, and, uncountable) A requirement for something; something needed.

needle /ˈniː.dəl/ n
derzî
A long, thin, sharp implement usually for piercing as in sewing, embroidery, acupuncture, tattooing, body piercing, medical injections, sutures, etc; or a blunt but otherwise similar implement used for forming loops or knots in crafts such as darning, knitting, tatting, etc.
(informal) A sensor for playing phonograph records, a phonograph stylus.
(entomology) Any of various species of damselfly of the genus Synlestes, endemic to Australia.

needle /ˈniː.dəl/ v
hilketin
(transitive) To tease in order to provoke; to poke fun at.

needy /ˈniːdi/ adj
feqîr
In need; poor.

negotiate /nəˈɡoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ /nəˈɡəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ /nɪˈɡoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ /nɪˈɡəʉ.si.æɪt/ /nɪˈɡəʉ.ʃi.æɪt/ /nɪˈɡəʊ.si.eɪt/ v
danûstandin
(intransitive) To confer with others in order to come to terms or reach an agreement.

negotiation /nəˌɡoʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ /nɪˌɡoʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ /nɪˌɡəʊ.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
danûstandin
The process of achieving agreement through discussion.

negro /ˈniɡɹoʊ/ /ˈniːɡɹəʊ/ /ˈnɪɡɹə/ adj
reşik
(dated, offensive) Relating to a black ethnicity.

negro /ˈniɡɹoʊ/ /ˈniːɡɹəʊ/ /ˈnɪɡɹə/ n
reşik
(dated, now, offensive) A person of Black African ancestry.

neighboring /ˈneɪbəɹɪŋ/ /ˈneɪbɹɪŋ/ adj
cînar
(American spelling) Situated or living nearby or adjacent to.

neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ /ˈneɪbɚ/ n
دراوسێ
A person living on adjacent or nearby land; a person situated adjacently or nearby; anything (of the same type of thing as the subject) in an adjacent or nearby position.

nemesis /ˈnɛməsɪs/ n
çarenivîs
(usually, in the singular, formal) A punishment or defeat that is deserved and cannot be avoided; (an instance of) retribution.

neon /ˈni.ɒn/ /ˈni.ˌɑn/ n
neon
(countable) A form or sample of the element.

neoplasm /ˈniːoʊˌplæzəm/ n
asaw
(pathology, oncology) An abnormal new growth of disorganized tissue in animals or plants.

neptunium /nɛpˈtjuːniəm/ /nɛpˈtuːniəm/ n
neptunyûm
The transuranic chemical element with atomic number 93 and symbol Np.

nerd /nɜːd/ /nɝːd/ n
çêl
(slang, sometimes, _, derogatory) A person who is intellectual but generally introverted.

nerve /nɛɾv/ /nɜɪv/ /nɜːv/ /nɝv/ n
demar
A bundle of neurons with their connective tissue sheaths, blood vessels and lymphatics.

nerve cell n
demarexane
(cytology) A cell of the nervous system which conducts nerve impulses; a neuron.

nervous /ˈnɑvəs/ /ˈnɜːvəs/ /ˈnɝːvəs/ adj
demarî
Affecting or involving the nerves or nervous system. [from 15th c.]

nervous system n
demarekoendam
An organ system whose principal constituent is nervous tissue that coordinates the activities of muscles, monitors organs, constructs and processes data received from the senses, and initiates actions.

nest /nɛst/ n
hêlîn
A structure built by a bird as a place to incubate eggs and rear young.
A place used by another mammal, fish, amphibian or insect, for depositing eggs and hatching young.
A snug, comfortable, or cosy residence or job situation.

net /nɛt/ adj
ronatî
Remaining after expenses or deductions.

net /nɛt/ n
fayîde
The amount remaining after expenses are deducted; profit.
tor
A device made from such mesh, used for catching fish, butterflies, etc.
A device made from such mesh, generally used for trapping something.
Anything that has the appearance of such a device.
(by extension) A trap.
A system that interconnects a number of users, locations etc. allowing transport or communication between them.
(sports) A framework backed by a mesh, serving as the goal in hockey, soccer, lacrosse, etc.
(tennis, by extension) The area of the court close to the net (mesh stretched to divide the court).

network /ˈnɛt.wɜːk/ /ˈnɛt.wɝk/ n
tor
A fabric or structure of fibrous elements attached to each other at regular intervals.
Any interconnected group or system
(computing, Internet) Multiple computers and other devices connected together to share information

network /ˈnɛt.wɜːk/ /ˈnɛt.wɝk/ v
hatin bestandin
(transitive) To connect two or more computers or other computerized devices.

neurology /n(j)uˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/ n
neurologî
The branch of medicine that deals with the disorders of nervous system including the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system and the nerves, muscles, and neuromuscular junction of the peripheral nervous system.

neuron /ˈn(j)uɹɑn/ /ˈn(j)ɝɑn/ /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ /ˈnjəɹɑn/ /ˈnjʊəɹɒn/ n
demarexane
(cytology) A cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites. Neurons are connected by synapses.

never /ˈnɛv.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈnɛv.ɚ/ adv
qet
At no time; on no occasion; in no circumstance.

nevertheless /ˌnɛvəðəˈlɛs/ /ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/ adv
her wiha
(conjunctive) In spite of what preceded; yet.

new /njuː/ /njʉ/ /njʉː/ /nu/ /nɪu̯/ adj
تازه نوێ
Recently made, or created.

news /n(j)uz/ /njuːz/ n
salix
New information of interest.
rojname
Information about current events disseminated via media.

newsagent n
rojnamevan
A retail business selling newspapers, magazines, and stationery; a stationer.

newspaper /ˈn(j)usˌpeɪpɚ/ /ˈn(j)uzˌpeɪpɚ/ /ˈnjuːsˌpeɪpə/ /ˈnjuːzˌpeɪpə/ n
rojname nûçename
(countable) A publication, usually published daily or weekly and usually printed on cheap, low-quality paper, containing news and other articles.

newton n
newton
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of force; the force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram by one metre per second per second. Symbol: N.

nexus /ˈnɛksus/ /ˈnɛksuːs/ /ˈnɛksəs/ n
civat
A connected group; a network, a web.
navend
A centre or focus of something.

nib /nɪb/ n
perr
The tip of a pen or tool that touches the surface, transferring ink to paper.
nikil
The bill or beak of a bird; the neb.

nice /naɪs/ /nɑjs/ /nɑɪs/ /nəɪs/ adj
delal
(chiefly, informal) Pleasant, satisfactory. [from 18th c.]
bedew
(chiefly, informal) Of a person: friendly, attractive. [from 18th c.]
baş
(chiefly, informal) Giving a favorable review or having a favorable impression.

nick /nɪk/ n
kun
(Britain, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Commonwealth, law enforcement, slang) A police station or prison.

nickel /ˈnɪk.əl/ n
nîkel
(uncountable) A silvery elemental metal with an atomic number of 28 and symbol Ni.

nickname /ˈnɪkneɪm/ n
bernavk
A familiar, invented name for a person or thing used instead of the actual name of the person or thing, often based on some noteworthy characteristic.

nifty /ˈnɪfti/ adj
delal
(colloquial, somewhat dated) Good, smart; useful or beneficial.

nigga /ˈnɪɡə/ n
reş
(offensive, ethnic slur, vulgar, dated)

nigger /ˈnɪɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈnɪɡɚ/ n
meymûn
(offensive, ethnic slur, vulgar, see usage notes) A black person; a person of black African descent.

nigh /naɪ/ adj
nêzîkî
(archaic, poetic) Near, close by, almost, all but.

nigh /naɪ/ v
nêzikî
(ambitransitive) to draw nigh (to); to approach; to come near

night /naɪt/ /nʌɪt/ n
şev
(legal, countable) A period of time often defined in the legal system as beginning 30 minutes after sunset, and ending 30 minutes before sunrise.
(countable) An evening or night spent at a particular activity.

night market n
bazara êvarê
A market that only operates at night.

night watch n
nobedarê şevê
A watch kept on some premises, or on a town, by guards during the night.

night watchman n
nobedarê şevê
(historical) Prior to police forces, a person appointed by a town or city to walk the streets at night and guard the burghers from felons and robbers.

nightclub /ˈnʌɪtklʌb/ n
kabare
A public or private establishment that is open late at night to provide entertainment, food, drink, music or dancing.

nightfall /ˈnaɪt.fɑl/ /ˈnaɪt.fɔl/ n
tarîtiya êvarê
The close of the day; the coming of night.

nightingale /ˈnaɪtɪŋɡeɪl/ n
bilbil
A Eurasian and African songbird, Luscinia megarhynchos, family Muscicapidae, famed for its beautiful singing at night; a common nightingale.

nightlife /ˈnaɪtˌlaɪf/ n
şev
Nocturnal activities, especially visiting nightclubs.

nightmare /ˈnaɪt.mɛə/ /ˈnaɪt.mɛɚ/ [nʌɪʔ.mɛəɹ] n
خه‌وی ناخۆش
A very bad or frightening dream. [from 19th c.]

nighttime /ˈnaɪtˌtaɪm/ [ˈnaɪʔtaɪm] n
nox
The hours of darkness between sunset and sunrise; the night.

nihilism /ˈnaɪ.(h)ɪ.lɪz.m̩/ /ˈnaɪ.əˌlɪz.m̩/ /ˈniː-/ /ˈnɪ-/ [-(h)ɨ̞-] n
hîçparêzî
(usually, uncountable) The rejection of, or opposition to, religious beliefs, (inherent or objective) moral principles, legal rules, etc., often due to the view that life is meaningless (sense 1).
(countable, uncountable, philosophy) A doctrine grounded on the negation of one or more meaningful aspects of life; in particular, the view that nothing in the world actually exists.

nihonium /nɪˈhoʊ.ni.əm/ n
element 113

nimble /ˈnɪmbl̩/ adj
çapikî
Quick and light in movement or action.

nine /naɪn/ [naɪ̯n] n
neh
The digit or figure 9.

nine /naɪn/ [naɪ̯n] numeral
neh
A numerical value equal to 9; the number following eight and preceding ten.

nine hundred /ˈnaɪn ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈnaɪn ˈhʌn.dɹɪd/ numeral
neh sed
The cardinal number occurring after eight hundred ninety-nine and before nine hundred one, represented in Arabic numerals as 900. Ordinal: nine-hundredth.

nineteen /naɪnˈtiːn/ /ˈnaɪntiːn/ /ˈnaɪnˌtin/ /ˌnaɪnˈtin/ numeral
nozde
The cardinal number occurring after eighteen and before twenty, represented in Roman numerals as XIX and in Arabic numerals as 19. It is the last/largest of the "teens".

nineteenth /ˌnaɪnˈtiːnθ/ adj
نۆزده‌یه‌م
The ordinal form of the number nineteen.

ninetieth /ˈnaɪn.ti.əθ/ adj
notem
The ordinal form of the number ninety.

ninety /ˈnaɪn.di/ /ˈnaɪn.ti/ numeral
not nod
The cardinal number occurring after eighty-nine and before ninety-one, represented in Roman numerals as XC and in Arabic numerals as 90.

ninth /naɪnθ/ adj
nehem
The ordinal form of the number nine.

ninth /naɪnθ/ n
nehem
(music) The compound interval between any tone and the tone represented on the ninth degree of the staff above it, as between one of the scale and two of the octave above; the octave of the second, consisting of 13 or 14 semitones (called minor and major ninth).

niobium /naɪˈoʊbiəm/ n
niyobyûm
A chemical element (symbol Nb) with an atomic number of 41: a light grey, crystalline, ductile transition metal used in superconducting materials.

nipple /ˈnɪ.p(ə)l/ n
sermemik
(anatomy) The projection of a mammary gland from which, on female mammals, milk is secreted. [from 16th c.]

nit /nɪt/ n
sirke
The egg of a louse.

nitric acid n
asîda nîtrîk
(inorganic compound) A transparent, colorless to pale yellow, fuming corrosive liquid, HNO3; a highly reactive oxidizing agent used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and rocket fuels and in a wide variety of industrial processes; once called aqua fortis.

nitrogen /ˈnaɪ.tɹə.d͡ʒən/ [ˈnɐɪtʰɹəd͡ʒən] n
nîtrojen
(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol N) with an atomic number of 7 and atomic weight of 14.0067. It is a colorless and odorless gas.

nix /nɪks/ n
هیچ
(colloquial) Nothing. [from 1789]

no /nɐʉ/ /nəʉ/ n
na ne
a negating expression; an answer that shows disagreement, denial, refusal, or disapproval
na
a vote not in favor, or opposing a proposition

no /nɐʉ/ /nəʉ/ preposition
na ne
without
like
(colloquial, usually, humorous) not, does not, do not, etc.

no one /ˈnoʊ ˌwʌn/ /ˈnəʊ wʌn/ pronoun
kes
Used in contrast to anyone, someone or everyone: not one person; nobody.

no problem interjection
na
No thanks is necessary; you're welcome (said in response to an expression of gratitude).
No apology is necessary; think nothing of it (said in response to an expression of regret).

nobelium /noʊˈbiːliəm/ /noʊˈbɛliəm/ n
nobelyûm
a transuranic chemical element (symbol No) with an atomic number of 102.

nobility /noʊˈbɪlɪti/ /nəʊˈbɪlɪti/ /nəˈbɪlɪti/ n
zanîn
A noble or privileged social class, historically accompanied by a hereditary title; aristocracy.
torinî
(uncountable) The quality of being noble.

noble /ˈnoʊbəl/ /ˈnəʊbəl/ adj
zadegan
Having honorable qualities; having moral eminence and freedom from anything petty, mean or dubious in conduct and character.

nobleness n
torinî
The quality or state of being noble; nobility or grandeur.

noblewoman n
zadegan
A woman having a noble rank, especially one belonging to the peerage; a Lady.

node /noʊd/ /nəʊd/ n
girêk
(networking) A computer or other device attached to a network.

noggin /ˈnɑɡn̩/ /ˈnɑɡɪn/ /ˈnɒɡɪn/ n
çip
(dated, outside, dialects) A small measure of spirits equivalent to a gill.

noiseless adj
bêdeng
Producing no noise; without noise.
Containing no noise.

nomad /ˈnoʊmæd/ /ˈnəʊmæd/ n
koçer
(anthropology) A member of a society or class who herd animals from pasture to pasture with no fixed home.

nomadic /nəʊˈmæd.ɪk/ adj
koçer
(anthropology) Of or related to itinerant herdsmen.
(figuratively) Of or related to any habitually wandering person or animal.

nomadism n
koçerî
The way of life of a nomad or nomads.

nominalism n
nomînalîzm
(philosophy) A doctrine that universals do not have an existence except as names for classes of concrete objects.

nonbeliever n
کافر
a person who does not believe, especially regarding religion.

nonchalant /ˈnɒn.ʃəl.ənt/ /ˌnɑn.ʃəˈlɑnt/ adj
şeng
Casually calm and relaxed.

nondestructive adj
bêxisar
That does not result in destruction or damage.

none /nʌn/ pronoun
ser
Not any of a given number or group.

nonetheless /ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs/ adv
her wiha

nonsensical adj
absûrd
Without sense; absurd.

nonstop /ˌnɑnˈstɑp/ /ˌnɒnˈstɒp/ adv
bêrawest
Without stopping; without interruption or break

noodle /ˈnu.dəl/ [ˈnuː.dl̩] [ˈnʉː.dl̩] n
şihîre
(usually, in the plural) A string or flat strip of pasta or other dough, usually cooked (at least initially) by boiling, and served in soup or in a dry form mixed with a sauce and other ingredients.

noon /nuːn/ n
[[نیوه‌ڕۆ]]
(now, rare) The corresponding time in the middle of the night; midnight.

nope /noʊp/ [noʊp̚] n
na
(informal) A negative reply, no.

nope /noʊp/ [noʊp̚] particle
ناخۆش
(informal, commonly, emphatic) No.

nor /nɔɹ/ /nɔː/ conjunction
nu
(literary) And... not (introducing a negative statement, without necessarily following one).
A function word introducing each except the first term of a series, indicating none of them is true.
(archaic) Neither.
Used to introduce a further negative statement.
(UK, dialect) Than.

normal /ˈnɔɹm(ə)l/ /ˈnɔːml̩/ adj
normal
(set theory, of a function from the ordinals to the ordinals) Which is strictly monotonically increasing and continuous with respect to the order topology.
According to norms or rules or to a regular pattern.

normal /ˈnɔɹm(ə)l/ /ˈnɔːml̩/ n
normal
(geometry) A line or vector that is perpendicular to another line, surface, or plane.

north /noɹθ/ /noːθ/ /nɔəθ/ /nɔː(ɹ)θ/ /nɔːθ/ [no̞ɹθ] adj
bakur

north /noɹθ/ /noːθ/ /nɔəθ/ /nɔː(ɹ)θ/ /nɔːθ/ [no̞ɹθ] n
bakur
The direction towards the pole to the left-hand side of someone facing east, specifically 0°, or (on another celestial object) the direction towards the pole lying on the northern side of the invariable plane.
The up or positive direction.
(physics) The positive or north pole of a magnet, which seeks the magnetic pole near Earth's geographic North Pole (which, for its magnetic properties, is a south pole).
Alternative letter-case form of North (“a northern region; the inhabitants thereof”). [circa 1300]
(ecclesiastical) In a church: the direction to the left-hand side of a person facing the altar.

north wind n
bakur
A wind blowing from the north.

north-northeast n
bakur-bakurê rojhilat
The compass point halfway between north and northeast; specifically at a bearing of 22.5°.

north-northwest n
bakur-bakurê rojava
The compass point halfway between northwest and north; specifically at a bearing of 337.5°.

northeast n
bakurê rojhilat
The intercardinal compass point halfway between north and east; specifically at a bearing of 45°.

northern /ˈnɒðə(ɹ)n/ /ˈnɔɹðɚn/ /ˈnɔːðn̩/ /ˈnɔːðən/ adj
bakur
Of, facing, situated in, or related to the north; northerly.
(of a wind) Blowing from the north; northerly.

northern goshawk n
terlan
Accipiter gentilis, a bird of prey of the family Accipitridae.

northwest /nɔɹθˈwɛst/ /nɔːθˈwɛst/ n
bakurê rojava
The intercardinal compass point halfway between west and north; specifically at a bearing of 315°.

nose [noʊ̯z] [noːz] [nəwz] [nəʊ̯z] n
poz bêvil
A protuberance on the face housing the nostrils, which are used to breathe or smell.
The tip of an object.
bêvil poz
The skill in recognising bouquet.

nosebag n
tulum
A sack or bag for feeding a horse, mule, ox or similar animal, generally on the move or away from the home stable or paddock. Designed to be attached to harness and slipped over the animal's nose to permit feeding while eliminating spillage; designs vary.

nostril /ˈnɑ.stɹəl/ /ˈnɒs.tɹəl/ /ˈnɒs.tɹɪl/ /ˈnɔs.tɹəl/ n
کونه‌لووت
Either of the two orifices located on the nose (or on the beak of a bird); used as a passage for air and other gases to travel the nasal passages.

nosy /ˈnoʊzi/ /ˈnəʊziː/ adj
bi
Prying, inquisitive or curious in other’s affairs; tending to snoop or meddle.

not /nɑt/ /nɒt/ /nɔt/ [nɑ̈ʔt̚] [nɒt] [nɒʔ(t)] [nɔt] [nɞʔt] adv
نا
Negates the meaning of the modified verb.

not /nɑt/ /nɒt/ /nɔt/ [nɑ̈ʔt̚] [nɒt] [nɒʔ(t)] [nɔt] [nɞʔt] conjunction
na
And not.

not at all [ˈnɑɾəˈɾɑɫ] [ˈnɑɾəˈɾɔɫ] [ˈnɒtʰəˈtʰɔːɫ] [ˈnɔɾəˈɾoːɫ] interjection
na
(idiomatic) Used similarly to you're welcome, as a conventional reply to an expression of gratitude.

notch /nɑt͡ʃ/ /nɒtʃ/ n
قورگ
A mountain pass; a defile.

note /noʊt/ /nəʊt/ n
dawer
A brief remark; a marginal comment or explanation; hence, an annotation on a text or author; a comment; a critical, explanatory, or illustrative observation.
bîrname
A brief piece of writing intended to assist the memory; a memorandum; a minute.

notebook /ˈnoʊtˌbʊk/ /ˈnəʊtˌbʊk/ n
agahname
(computing, sometimes, attributive) A kind of user interface in literate programming, allowing calculations to be interspersed with human-readable comments, diagrams, etc.

notepad n
agahname
A pad of paper, often bound, in which one jots down notes; a notebook.

nothing /-ŋk/ /nɒ-/ /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ ; [ˈnʌʔn̩] pronoun
هیچ
Not any thing; no thing.

nothingness n
valahî
A void; an emptiness.

notice /ˈnoʊtɪs/ /ˈnəʊtɪs/ [ˈnoʊɾɪs] n
îstîfa
(chiefly, uncountable) Advance notification of termination of employment, given by an employer to an employee or vice versa.

notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌnəʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
beyan
(uncountable) The act of notifying.

notify /ˈnoʊtɪfaɪ/ v
herhangi bir konuda bilgi vermek
(transitive) To give (someone) notice (of some event). [from mid-15th c.]

notion /ˈnoʊʃən/ /ˈnəʊʃən/ n
mefhûm
Mental apprehension of whatever may be known, thought, or imagined; idea, concept.

notorious /noʊ-/ /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əs/ /nəˈtɔ.ɹi.əs/ adj
binbar birêz navdar
Generally or widely known; of common knowledge; famous or well-known.

noun /naʊn/ /næːn/ n
navdêr
(grammar, narrowly) A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as person, animal, place, word, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality, or idea: one of the basic parts of speech in many languages, including English.
(grammar, now, rare, loosely) Either a word that can be used to refer to a person, animal, place, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality or idea, or a word that modifies or describes a previous word or its referent; a substantive or adjective, sometimes also including other parts of speech such as numeral or pronoun.
(computing) An object within a user interface to which a certain action or transformation (i.e., verb) is applied.

nourish /ˈnɝ.ɪʃ/ /ˈnʊɹ.ɪʃ/ /ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/ v
گه‌وره‌بوون
(transitive) To feed and cause to grow; to supply with food or other matter which increases weight and promotes health.
(transitive) To encourage; to foster; to stimulate

nourishment /ˈnɝɪʃmənt/ /ˈnʊɹɪʃmənt/ /ˈnʌɹɪʃmənt/ n
xwarin
Something that nourishes; food

novel /ˈnɑvəl/ /ˈnɒvəl/ [ˈnɒvl̩] adj
nû
Original, especially in an interesting way; new and striking; not of the typical or ordinary type.

novel /ˈnɑvəl/ /ˈnɒvəl/ [ˈnɒvl̩] n
roman
A work of prose fiction, longer than a novella. [from 17th c.]

now /naʊ/ adv
niha
At the present time.
(sentential) Used to introduce a point, a qualification of what has previously been said, a remonstration or a rebuke.

now /naʊ/ conjunction
niha
Since, because, in light of the fact; often with that.

now /naʊ/ interjection
niha
Indicates a signal to begin.

now /naʊ/ n
niha
(often, with "the") The state of not paying attention to the future or the past.

now and then /ˌnaʊ ən(d) ˈðɛn/ adv
carine
(idiomatic) sometimes; occasionally; intermittently

nowadays /ˈnaʊ.ə.deɪz/ adv
niha
At the present time; in the current era. [from 14th c.]

noxious /ˈnɒkʃəs/ adj
bizerar
Harmful; injurious.

nu /njuː/ /nu/ n
nu
The letter of the Greek alphabet Ν and ν.

nuclear energy n
enerjiya nuklerî
The energy released by a nuclear reaction; either through nuclear fission or nuclear fusion

nuclear power plant n
hêzgeha nukleerî
A power plant that obtains its primary energy from the heat generated in nuclear reactions.

nucleus /ˈnjuː.kli.əs/ /ˈnuː.kli.əs/ n
dendik
(cytology) A large membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells which contains genetic material.

nude /n(j)uːd/ adj
tazî
Without clothing or other covering of the skin; without clothing on the genitals or female nipples.

nude /n(j)uːd/ n
nu
A painting, sculpture, photograph or other artwork or mass-media-reproduced image depicting one or more human figure(s) in a state of near or total undress.
tazîtî
(with article, "the nude") The state of total nudity.

nudity /ˈnjudɪˌti/ /ˈnudɪti/ n
tazîtî
(uncountable) The state or quality of being without clothing on the body; specifically, the quality of being without clothing on the genitals.

nugget /ˈnʌɡət/ n
şîn
(countable, slang) An inexperienced, newly trained fighter pilot.

nuisance /ˈnjuː.səns/ /ˈnuː.səns/ n
diltengî
A minor annoyance or inconvenience.
giran
A person or thing causing annoyance or inconvenience.

nuke /n(j)uk/ /njuːk/ v
سوور کردنه‌وه‌
(transitive, chiefly, US, colloquial) To use a nuclear weapon on a target.

null /nʌl/ n
sifir
A non-existent or empty value or set of values.

number /ˈnʌmbə/ /ˈnʌmbɚ/ n
hejmar
(countable) An abstract entity used to describe quantity.
(countable, mathematics) An element of one of several sets: natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, real numbers, complex numbers, and sometimes extensions such as hypercomplex numbers, etc.
(Followed by a numeral; used attributively) Indicating the position of something in a list or sequence. Abbreviations: No or No., no or no. (in each case, sometimes written with a superscript "o", like Nº or №). The symbol "#" is also used in this manner.
(grammar) Of a word or phrase, the state of being singular, dual or plural, shown by inflection.
(countable, informal) A person.

number one n
بچووک
(childish, euphemistic) Urine; urination.

number two n
ek

numeral /ˈnjuːməɹəl/ /ˈnjuːmɹəl/ /ˈnuməɹəl/ /ˈnumɹəl/ n
hejmar
(linguistics) A number word, a simple or compound word for a number often having particular grammatical attributes depending on the language.

numerical /n(j)uˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kəl/ /n(j)ʉˈmeɹ.ɪ.kəl/ [n(j)uˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kl̩] [n(j)ʉˈmeɹ.ɪ.kl̩] adj
bihejmarî
Of or pertaining to numbers.

numerous /ˈnjuːməɹəs/ /ˈnjuːmɹəs/ /ˈnuməɹəs/ /ˈnumɹəs/ adj
bêqeder
Indefinitely large numerically; many.

nun /nʊn/ /nʌn/ n
rehbik
A member of a Christian religious community of women who live by certain vows and usually wear a habit, (Roman Catholicism, specifically) those living together in a cloister.

nurse /nɜːs/ /nɝs/ n
hevşîre
A person trained to provide care for the sick.
dadik
A person (usually a woman) who takes care of other people’s young.

nursery /ˈnɜːsəɹi/ /ˈnɜːsɹi/ /ˈnɝsəɹi/ /ˈnɝsɹi/ n
zarrokxane
(countable) A place where nursing or the raising of children is carried on.

nursery school n
zarrokxane
(British) An educational institution for small children (normally around 3 to 5 years old, who not yet have begun primary school).

nurture /ˈnɜːɹ.t͡ʃəɹ/ n
elimandin
The act of nourishing or nursing; tender care
xurek
That which nourishes; food; diet.
çande
The environmental influences that contribute to a person’s development (as opposed to "nature").

nut /nʊt/ /nʌt/ [nɐt] n
gûz
(food, broadly) Any of various hard-shelled seeds or hard, dry fruits from various families of plants.
top
(vulgar, slang, chiefly plural) A testicle.

nutrient /ˈnjuː.tɹi.ənt/ /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ n
xoreme
A source of nourishment, such as food, that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue.

nutrition /njuːˈtɹɪ.ʃən/ /nuˈtɹɪ.ʃən/ n
xwedîbûn
That which nourishes; nutriment.

nuts /nʌts/ adj
dîn
(colloquial) Insane, mad.

o'clock /oʊˈklɑk/ /əʊˈklɒk/ /əˈklɑk/ /əˈklɒk/ adv
saet
(modifying a numeral, one to twelve) In conjunction with a numeral, indicates the time within a twelve-hour period (midnight to noon or noon to midnight), specifically the time when the hour hand of a clock points precisely to the symbol or marking corresponding to the designated numeral.
(with a numeral, one to twelve) In conjunction with a numeral, indicates the direction, relative to the speaker or a vehicle, especially an aircraft, corresponding to the direction the hour hand is pointing at the time corresponding to the numeral, with twelve representing directly ahead on a horizontal plane, or directly up on a vertical plane, and three being to the right on either.

oak /oʊk/ /woʊk/ /əʊk/ adj
berû
made of oak wood or timber

oak /oʊk/ /woʊk/ /əʊk/ n
به‌ڕوو
(uncountable) The wood of the oak.
darberû
Any tree of other genera and species of trees resembling typical oaks of genus Quercus in some ways.

oar /o(ː)ɹ/ /oə/ /ɔɹ/ /ɔː/ n
bêr
A type of lever used to propel a boat, having a flat blade at one end and a handle at the other, and pivoted in a rowlock atop the gunwale, whereby a rower seated in the boat and pulling the handle can pass the blade through the water by repeated strokes against the water's resistance, thus moving the boat.

oar blade n
bêr
The flanged portion of an oar; not the handle nor the shaft.

oat /oʊt/ /əʊt/ n
gîhagulî
(uncountable) Widely cultivated cereal grass, typically Avena sativa.

oath /ˈoʊθ/ /ˈəʊθ/ n
sond
A solemn pledge or promise that invokes a deity, a ruler, or another entity (not necessarily present) to attest the truth of a statement or sincerity of one's desire to fulfill a contract or promise.

oats /ˈoʊts/ /ˈəʊts/ n
gîhagulî
Seeds of an oat plant, especially prepared as food.

obedience /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːdɪəns/ n
guhdarî
The quality of being obedient.

obey /oʊˈbeɪ/ /əʊˈbeɪ/ /əˈbeɪ/ v
guhdarî
(transitive) To do as ordered by (a person, institution etc), to act according to the bidding of.

obfuscate /ˈɑbfəskeɪt/ /ˈɑbfʌskeɪt/ /ˈɒbfəskeɪt/ /ˈɒbfʌskeɪt/ v
nepandin
To deliberately make more confusing in order to conceal the truth.

object /əbˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɑb.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɒb.d͡ʒɛkt/ n
بابه‌ت
A thing that has physical existence but is not alive.
A person or thing toward which an emotion is directed.

objective /ɒbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ /əbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ n
gol
A goal that is striven for.

objectivity /ˌɑbd͡ʒɛkˈtɪvɪti/ /ˌɒbd͡ʒɛkˈtɪvɪti/ [ˌɑbd͡ʒɛkˈtɪvɪɾi] n
objektivite
The state of being objective, just, unbiased, and not influenced by irrational emotions or personal prejudices.

obligation /ɑb.ləˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
erk
The act of binding oneself by a social, legal, or moral tie to someone.

oblige /ɒˈbliːd͡ʒ/ /əˈblaɪd͡ʒ/ /əˈbliːd͡ʒ/ v
خزمه‌ت
(transitive, intransitive) To do (someone) a service or favour (hence, originally, creating an obligation).

oblivious /əˈblɪviːəs/ adj
bêbal
(usually followed by to or of) Lacking awareness; unmindful; unaware, unconscious of.

obscure /əbˈskjɔː(ɹ)/ /əbˈskjɝ/ /əbˈskjʊə(ɹ)/ /əbˈskjʊɹ/ adj
tarî
Dark, faint or indistinct.

obscurity /əbˈskjɔːɹɪti/ /əbˈskjɝɪti/ /əbˈskjʊəɹɪti/ /əbˈskjʊɹɪti/ n
tarîtî
(literary) Darkness; the absence of light.

observatory /əbˈzɜːvət(ə)ɹi/ /əbˈzɝvətɔɹi/ n
nerîngeh
A place where stars, planets and other celestial bodies are observed, usually through a telescope; also place for observing meteorological or other natural phenomena.

obstacle /ˈɑbstəkəl/ /ˈɒbstəkəl/ n
berbest
Something that impedes, stands in the way of, or holds up progress, either physically or figuratively

obstinacy /ˈɑbstɪnəsi/ /ˈɒbstɪnəsi/ n
ingiroktî
The state, or an act, of stubbornness or doggedness.

obstinate /ˈɑb.stə.nət/ /ˈɑb.stə.nɪt/ /ˈɒb.stɪ.nət/ /ˈɒb.stɪ.nɪt/ adj
که‌له‌ ڕه‌ق
Stubbornly adhering to an opinion, purpose, or course, usually with implied unreasonableness; persistent.

obtain /əbˈteɪn/ v
bi dest xistin

obtuse /-ˈtʃuːs/ /ɑb-/ /əbˈt(j)us/ /əbˈtjuːs/ adj
kerr
Of sound, etc.: deadened, muffled, muted.

obviously /ˈɑ(b).vi(.)əs.li/ /ˈɒ(b).vi.əs.li/ /ˈɒ(b).vjəs.li/ /ˈɒ(b).vɪəs.li/ /ˈɔ(b).vi.ɘs.li/ /ˈɔv.jɘs.li/ adv
li rastê
In an obvious or clearly apparent manner.

occidental /ˌɒk.səˈdɛn.təl/ adj
rojava
Of, pertaining to, or situated in, the occident, or west; western. [from 16th c.]

occult /əˈkʌlt/ /ˈɒk.ʌlt/ v
veşartin
(transitive, astronomy) To cover or hide from view.

occupant /ˈɑk.jə.pənt/ /ˈɒk.jʊ.pənt/ n
rêwî
A person sitting in a car or other vehicle.
rûniştvan
The owner or tenant of a property.

occupation /ˌɑkjəˈpeɪʃən/ /ˌɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/ /ˌɒkjəˈpeɪʃən/ /ˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən/ n
meslek
An activity or task with which one occupies oneself; usually specifically the productive activity, service, trade, or craft for which one is regularly paid; a job.
dagirkerî
(geopolitics, military) The control of a nation or region by a hostile military or paramilitary force.

occupied /ˈɑkjəpaɪd/ /ˈɒkjʊpaɪd/ /ˈɔkjəpɑɪd/ adj
mişt
Reserved; engaged.

occupied /ˈɑkjəpaɪd/ /ˈɒkjʊpaɪd/ /ˈɔkjəpɑɪd/ interjection
mişt
Used to communicate that a toilet is unavailable.

occur /əˈkɜː/ /əˈkɝ/ v
bûn
(intransitive) To happen or take place.
(intransitive) To present or offer itself.
anîn bîra xwe
(impersonal) To come or be presented to the mind; to suggest itself.

ocean /ˈoʊ.ʃən/ /ˈəʊ.ʃən/ n
okyanos
(countable) One of the large bodies of water separating the continents.

ocean sunfish n
heyv
A large, heavy species of bony fish, Mola mola, native to tropical and temperate waters around the world.

ocelot /ˈɑsəlɑt/ /ˈɒsəlɒt/ n
ozelot
An American feline carnivore (Leopardus pardalis, syn. Felis pardalis) covered with blackish ocellated spots and blotches which are variously arranged.

ochre /ˈoʊkɚ/ /ˈəʊkə/ n
reng
A somewhat dark yellowish orange colour

octane /ˈɒk.teɪn/ n
oktan
(organic compound) Any of the eighteen isomeric aliphatic hydrocarbons (C8H18) found in petroleum, especially an iso-octane 2,2,4 trimethyl-pentane; they are used as fuels and solvents.

octopus /ˈɑktəpəs/ /ˈɑktəpʊs/ /ˈɒktəpəs/ /ˈɒktəpʊs/ n
axtapot
(uncountable) The flesh of these marine molluscs eaten as food.

ocular /ˈɑ.kjə.lɚ/ /ˈɑ.kjʊ.lɚ/ /ˈɒk.jə.lə/ /ˈɒk.jʊ.lə/ adj
çav
Of, or relating to the eye, or the sense of sight

odalisque /oʊdlˈisk/ /ˈoʊdlɪsk/ /ˈɒd(ə)lɪsk/ /ˈəʊd(ə)lɪsk/ n
cariye
(historical) A female slave in a harem, especially one in the Ottoman seraglio.

odd /ɑd/ /ɒd/ adj
ecêb
Peculiar, singular and strange in looks or character; eccentric, bizarre.

oesophagus /iːˈsɒfəɡəs/ /ɪˈsɑfəɡəs/ /ɪˈsɒfəɡəs/ n
soricik
(anatomy) The tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach.

oestrus /ˈiːstɹəs/ /ˈɛstɹəs/ n
germahî
(countable, and, uncountable, biology) A female animal's readiness to mate; heat, rut.

of /ɒv/ /ɔv/ /ə/ /əv/ /ʌv/ preposition
berî
Used to introduce the "subjective genitive"; following a noun to form the head of a postmodifying noun phrase (see also 'Possession' senses below). [from 13th c.]

off /ɑf/ /ɒf/ /ɔf/ /ɔːf/ adv
reş kirin
Into a state of non-operation or non-existence.

off /ɑf/ /ɒf/ /ɔf/ /ɔːf/ preposition
ji alî
Used to indicate the location or direction of one thing relative to another, implying adjacency or accessibility via.

off the top of one's head
di cî de
(idiomatic) In an extemporaneous manner; without careful thought, preparation, or investigation.

offend /əˈfɛnd/ v
birrîn
(obsolete, transitive, archaic, biblical) To cause to stumble; to cause to sin or to fall.

office /ˈɑfɪs/ /ˈɒfɪs/ /ˈɔfɪs/ n
دایره‌
A room, set of rooms, or building used for non-manual work, particularly:

officer /ˈɑfəsɚ/ /ˈɑfɪsɚ/ /ˈɒfsə/ /ˈɒfəsə/ /ˈɒfɪsə/ /ˈɔfəsɚ/ /ˈɔfɪsɚ/ n
zabit
A respectful term of address for an officer, especially a police officer.

official /əˈfɪʃəl/ n
erkedar
An office holder, a person holding an official position in government, sports, or other organization.

offset /ɑfˈsɛt/ /ɒfˈsɛt/ /ɔfˈsɛt/ /ˈɑf.sɛt/ /ˈɒf.sɛt/ /ˈɔf.sɛt/ n
destpêk
(c. 1555) A time at which something begins; outset.
dûrî
(programming) The difference between a target memory address and a base address.

offside /ɒfˈsaɪd/ adj
ofsayd
(sports) In an illegal position ahead of the ball, puck, etc.

offspring /ˈɑfspɹɪŋ/ /ˈɒfspɹɪŋ/ /ˈɔfspɹɪŋ/ n
zarok
An animal or plant's progeny or young.
zarrok
(figuratively) Anything produced; the result of an entity's efforts.

often /ˈɑf(t)ən/ /ˈɒf(t)ən/ /ˈɔf(t)ən/ /ˈɔːf(t)ən/ adv
باره‌ها
Frequently; many times.

oh no /(ˈ)əʊ ˈnəʊ/ interjection
مێرد
An exclamation or expression of alarm, concern, or resentment about a problem or error.

oil /ɔl̴/ /ɔɪ(ə)l/ [ɔɪ(ə)ɫ] n
zeyt
Liquid fat.
Petroleum-based liquid used as fuel or lubricant.

oil cake n
kevjala qehweyî
The solid residue remaining after any oilseed has been pressed to remove the vegetable oil; it is used, with other ingredients, as animal food.

old /aʉld/ /ˈoʊld/ /ˈəʊld/ [ɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈɒʊ(ɫ)d] [ˈɔʊ(ɫ)d] adj
kevn pîr
Of an object, concept, relationship, etc., having existed for a relatively long period of time.
Of a living being, having lived for most of the expected years.
Of a perishable item, having existed for most of, or more than, its shelf life.
Having been used and thus no longer new or unused.

old age n
pîrî
The latter part of life, the part of life after one's prime.

old man n
[[پیره‌مێرد]]
(literally) An elderly man.
kevn
(slang, military) A unit's commanding officer, or the commander of a naval vessel, irrespective of age.

old woman n
داپیر
(literally) An elderly woman.
rîspî
(countable, informal, derogatory) A person (irrespective of age or sex) who is always complaining about his or her situation.

older brother n
birayê mezin
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see older,‎ brother. (This entry is a translation hub.)

oldie /ˈoʊldi/ /ˈəʊldi/ n
guhar
(informal) Something or someone old.

oldness /əʊldnəs/ n
pîrî
The state of being old; age.

oleander /ˈoʊliændɚ/ /ˌoʊliˈændɚ/ /ˌəʊliˈændə(ɹ)/ n
jale
Nerium oleander, a notoriously poisonous shrub in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, but nonetheless widely grown as an ornamental, having leathery lance-shaped leaves and deep rose-colored or white flowers.

olive /ˈɑ.lɪv/ /ˈɒl.ɪv/ n
zeytûn
The small oval fruit of this tree, eaten ripe (usually black) or unripe (usually green).

olive oil n
zeyt
A vegetable oil, pressed from olives, and used in cooking and as a salad dressing; it is high in unsaturated fatty acids.

olive tree n
darzeytûn
An evergreen tree, Olea europaea, that produces olives as fruit.

ominous /ˈɑmɪnəs/ /ˈɒmɪnəs/ adj
reş
Specifically, giving indication of a coming ill; being an evil omen

omission /oʊˈmɪʃən/ /əˈmɪʃən/ n
ji bîr kirin
(uncountable) The act of omitting.
(grammar) The shortening of a word or phrase, using an apostrophe ( ' ) to replace the missing letters, often used to approximate the sound of speech or a specific dialect.

on /ɑn/ /ɒn/ /ɔn/ /ɔʊn/ preposition
li
(obsolete) At the peril of, or for the safety of.

on air
şandin
Being, or so as to be, broadcast or transmitted by radio or television.

on an empty stomach
bi zikê birçî

on good terms
canecan
(idiomatic) being friendly; having good relations.

on hand
dest
(idiomatic) Available; ready; in stock.

on one's own
xwe
(idiomatic) Alone; by oneself; without the companionship or assistance of others.

on one's way
çûn
Leaving; going about one's business.

on the button
baterî
(idiomatic) Exactly, precisely.

on the dot
baterî
(idiomatic) Exactly; precisely, especially of a time of day.

on the go
lebat
(idiomatic) Actively traveling; busy; moving often.
In progress; having started.

on the house
خزمه‌ت
(of goods or services) free, complimentary.

on the rocks
kevir
In a bad state, particularly of a romantic relationship.

once again adv
dubare
(idiomatic) Again, once more, one more time.

oncology /ɒŋˈkɒləd͡ʒi/ n
onkolojî
The branch of medicine concerned with tumors, including study of their development, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

one /oʊn/ /w/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ /ɔːn/ [wän] [wən] determiner
yek
A single.
Being an unknown person with the specified name; see also "a certain".
Being a preeminent example.
Used for emphasis in place of a

one /oʊn/ /w/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ /ɔːn/ [wän] [wən] n
yek
The digit or figure 1.
(mathematics) The identity element with respect to multiplication in a ring.

one /oʊn/ /w/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ /ɔːn/ [wän] [wən] numeral
yek
The number represented by the Arabic numeral 1; the numerical value equal to that cardinal number.

one /oʊn/ /w/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ /ɔːn/ [wän] [wən] pronoun
yek
(impersonal pronoun, indefinite) One thing (among a group of others); one member of a group.

one by one adv
hebohebo
Individually in succession.

one fell swoop n
pêre
(idiomatic) One stroke; one action or event that achieves or accomplishes many results.

one hundred percent adj
miheqeq
Complete, entire, whole, perfect.
Completely sure.

one hundred percent adv
miheqeq
Totally, completely.

one o'clock n
saet
(In both the 12-hour clock and the 24-hour clock) The start of the second hour of the day; 1:00 a.m. (01:00).

one's /wʌnz/ determiner
bûn
Belonging to one.

onerous /ˈoʊnəɹəs/ /ˈɑnəɹəs/ /ˈɒnəɹəs/ /ˈəʊnəɹəs/ adj
azardedil
imposing or constituting a physical, mental, or figurative load which can be borne only with effort; burdensome.

oneself /wʌnˈsɛlf/ pronoun
bi tena serê xwe
A person's self: general form of himself, herself, themself or yourself.

onion /ˈɪn.jən/ /ˈɪŋ.ən/ /ˈʌn.jən/ /ˈʌŋ.jən/ /ˈʌŋ.jɪn/ n
pîvaz
A monocotyledonous plant (Allium cepa), allied to garlic, used as vegetable and spice.
The bulb of such a plant.

only /ˈoʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.i/ /ˈəʊn.li/ adj
tek
Alone in a category.
Without sibling; without a sibling of the same gender.

only /ˈoʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.i/ /ˈəʊn.li/ adv
xwerû
bi tenê
Without others or anything further; exclusively.
No more than; just.
As recently as.

only /ˈoʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.i/ /ˈəʊn.li/ conjunction
lê

onset /ˈɑnˌsɛt/ /ˈɒnˌsɛt/ /ˈɔnˌsɛt/ n
destpêk
(medicine) The initial phase of a disease or condition, in which symptoms first become apparent.
A setting about; a beginning.

onslaught /ˈɒnslɔːt/ n
êrîş
A fierce attack.

onus /ˈoʊnəs/ /ˈəʊnəs/ n
bar
A legal obligation.

oops /uːps/ /ʊps/ interjection
hîv
مێرد
(colloquial) Acknowledging a mistake.

opaque /oʊˈpeɪk/ /əʊˈpeɪk/ adj
zenûn
Allowing little light to pass through, not translucent or transparent.

open /ˈoʊp(ə)n/ /ˈəʊp(ə)n/ adj
vekirî
(usually, not comparable) Not closed.
(not comparable) Actively conducting or prepared to conduct business.
(comparable) Receptive.
(not comparable) Public
Not settled or adjusted; not decided or determined; not closed or withdrawn from consideration.

open /ˈoʊp(ə)n/ /ˈəʊp(ə)n/ v
vekirin
(transitive) To make something accessible or allow for passage by moving from a shut position.
(transitive) To make accessible to customers or clients.
(obsolete) To disclose; to reveal; to interpret; to explain.

opening /ˈoʊ.pə.nɪŋ/ /ˈəʉp.nɪŋ/ /ˈəʊ.pə.nɪŋ/ n
kun
A gap permitting passage through.

openly /ˈoʊpənli/ adv
biaşkerahî
In an open manner; visibly.

operating system /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɪŋ ˌsɪstəm/ /ˈɒpəˌɹeɪtɪŋ ˌsɪstəm/ n
pergala xebitandinê
(computing, software) Software for controlling the allocation and use of various hardware resources (memory, CPU time, disk space, input and output devices) to tasks and remote terminals.

operation /ˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɒp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
emeliyat
The method by which a device performs its function.
The method or practice by which actions are done.
A planned undertaking.
(medicine) A surgical procedure.
(computing, logic, mathematics) A procedure for generating a value from one or more other values (the operands)
operasyon
(military) A military campaign (e.g. Operation Desert Storm)

operative /ˈɒpəɹətɪv/ /ˈɒpɹətɪv/ adj
kar kirin
Functional, in working order.

opine /oʊˈpaɪn/ /ə(ʊ)ˈpaɪn/ v
dîtin
(intransitive, transitive) To express an opinion; to state as an opinion; to suppose, consider (that).

opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ n
helwest
A belief, judgment or perspective that a person has formed, either through objective or subjective reasoning, about a topic, issue, person or thing.

opinionated /əˈpɪn.jə.neɪ.tɪd/ /əˈpɪn.jə.næɪ.tɪd/ [əˈpɪn.jə.neɪ.ɾɪd] adj
که‌له‌ ڕه‌ق
Holding to one's own opinion obstinately and unreasonably.

opium /ˈoʊ.pi.əm/ /ˈəʊ.pi.əm/ n
afyon
(uncountable) A yellow-brown, addictive narcotic drug obtained from the dried juice of unripe pods of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, and containing alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, and papaverine.

opium poppy n
afyon
Papaver somniferum, the species of plant from which opium and poppy seeds are extracted.

opponent /əˈpəʊnənt/ n
neyar
One who opposes another; one who works or takes a position against someone or something; one who attempts to stop the progress of someone or something.

opportune adj
guncav
Suitable for some particular purpose.

opportunity /-ˈt͡ʃuː-/ /ˌɑpɚˈt(j)unəti/ /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪtɪ/ [-ɾi] n
firset
A chance for advancement, progress or profit.
A favorable circumstance or occasion.

opposition /ˌɑ.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ /ˌɒp.əˈzɪʃ.ən/ n
mixalefet
The action of opposing or of being in conflict.
(politics) A political party or movement opposed to the party or government in power.

oppression /əˈpɹɛʃən/ n
fişar
The exercise of authority or power in a burdensome, cruel, or unjust manner.
stem
The act of oppressing, or the state of being oppressed.

opprobrium /əˈpɹoʊ.bɹi.ə/ /əˈpɹoʊ.bɹi.əm/ /əˈpɹəʊ.bɹɪ.ə/ /əˈpɹəʊ.bɹɪ.əm/ n
fedî
Disgrace or bad reputation arising from exceedingly shameful behaviour; ignominy. [from late 17th c.]

optimistic /ˌɑptɪˈmɪstɪk/ /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj
başbîn
Expecting the best in all possible ways.
(computing) Allowing other processes to perform transactions on the same data at the same time, and checking for conflicts only when changes need to be written back.

option /ˈɑpʃən/ /ˈɒpʃən/ n
balîna
One of a set of choices that can be made. [from 19th c.]

opulence /ˈɒp.jʊl.əns/ n
feyîz
Abundance, bounty, profusion.

opulent /ˈɒpjʊlənt/ adj
dewlemend
Rich, sumptuous and extravagant.

or /oɹ/ /ɔː(ɹ)/ adj
zêr
(tincture) Of gold or yellow tincture on a coat of arms.

or /ɑɹ/ /ɔɹ/ /ɔː(ɹ)/ /ə/ /əɹ/ /ɚ/ conjunction
an
(logic) An operator denoting the disjunction of two propositions or truth values. There are two forms, the inclusive or and the exclusive or.
Otherwise (a consequence of the condition that the previous is false).

or /oɹ/ /ɔː(ɹ)/ n
zêr
(tincture) The gold or yellow tincture on a coat of arms.

or else phraseologicalUnit
یا
(idiomatic) No matter what (implies an unspecified threat).

oral sex n
seksa oral
Stimulation of another person's genitals or anus using the mouth.

orange /ˈɑɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɨnd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɨnʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪ̈ŋʒ/ /ˈɔɹnd͡ʒ/ adj
pirteqal
Having the colour of the fruit of an orange tree; yellowred; reddish-yellow.

orange /ˈɑɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɨnd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɨnʒ/ /ˈɒɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ənd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪ̈ŋʒ/ /ˈɔɹnd͡ʒ/ n
pirteqal پرته‌قاڵ
(countable) Any round citrus fruit with a yellow-red colour when ripe and a sour-sweet taste; the fruit of the orange tree.
pirteqal pirteqalî
(uncountable) An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured cordial.
(uncountable) An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured soft drink.

orange tree n
pirteqal
(This entry is a translation hub.)

orb /ɔɹb/ /ɔːb/ n
çav
(poetic) The eye, seen as a luminous and spherical entity

orchard /ˈɔɹ.t͡ʃɚd/ /ˈɔː.tʃəd/ n
dara bi fekî
The trees themselves cultivated in such an area.

order /ˈɔɹdɚ/ /ˈɔːdə(r)/ /ˈɔːdə/ [ˈɔɹɾɚ] n
emir
(countable) A command.

order /ˈɔɹdɚ/ /ˈɔːdə(r)/ /ˈɔːdə/ [ˈɔɹɾɚ] v
gotin
(transitive) To request some product or service; to secure by placing an order.
ڕێخستن
To admit to holy orders; to ordain; to receive into the ranks of the ministry.

ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ /ˈɔːdənɹi/ /ˈɔːdɪnəɹi/ adj
alelade
Being part of the natural order of things; normal, customary, routine.

ordnance /ˈoɹdnəns/ /ˈoɹdɪnəns/ /ˈɔːdnəns/ /ˈɔːdɪnəns/ n
muhimat
Military equipment, especially weapons and ammunition.

organ /ˈɔɹɡən/ /ˈɔːɡən/ n
endam
The larger part of an organism, composed of tissues that perform similar functions.
An official magazine, newsletter, or similar publication of an organization.

organelle /ˌɔɹ.ɡənˈɛl/ n
endamok
(cytology) A specialized structure found inside cells that carries out a specific life process (e.g. ribosomes, vacuoles).

organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ /ˈɔː.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ n
endamwer
Something with many separate interdependent parts, seen as being like a living thing; an organic system. [from 18th c.]

organization /ˌɔɹɡnɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔɹɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔɹɡənɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔɹˈɡænɪzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
[[ده‌سگا]]
(uncountable) The quality of being organized.
ڕێکخراو
(countable) A group of people or other legal entities with an explicit purpose and written rules.
(countable) A group of people consciously cooperating.

organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/ v
[[ده‌سگا]]
(transitive) To arrange in working order.

orgasm /ˈoɹ.ɡæ.zəm/ /ˈɔːɡaz(ə)m/ n
orgazm
A rush of sexual excitement; now specifically, the climax or peak of sexual pleasure, which occurs during sexual activity and which in males may include ejaculation and in females vaginal contractions. [from 18th c.]

orgy /ˈɔɹd͡ʒi/ /ˈɔː.d͡ʒi/ n
dawer
A gathering of people to engage in group sex.

oriel /ˈɔːɹiəl/ n
pencerka derhatî
(architecture) A large polygonal recess in a building, such as a bay window, forming a protrusion on the outer wall.

origin /ˈɑɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ /ˈɒɹ.ə.d͡ʒən/ /ˈɒɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ /ˈɔɹ.d͡ʒɪn/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ n
kanî
The beginning of something.
The source of a river, information, goods, etc.

original /ɒˈɹɪd͡ʒɪnəl/ /əˈɹɪd͡ʒnəl/ /əˈɹɪd͡ʒənəl/ /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪnəl/ adj
yekem
(not comparable) First in a series of copies or versions.
(not comparable) Pioneering.

orphan /ˈɔɹfən/ /ˈɔːfən/ /ˈɔːɹfənt/ n
هه‌تیو sêwî
A person, especially a minor, both or (rarely) one of whose parents have died.

os /ɑs/ /ɒs/ n
hestî

osmium /ˈɑz.mi.əm/ /ˈɒz.mi.əm/ n
osmiyûm
A chemical element (symbol Os) with atomic number 76: a hard, brittle, heavy, bluish-white transition metal found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores.

osprey /ˈɑspɹi/ /ˈɒspɹeɪ/ n
elhoyê masîgir
A bird of prey (Pandion haliaetus) that feeds on fish and has white underparts and long, narrow wings each ending in four finger-like extensions.

ostentatious /ˌɒs.tənˈteɪ.ʃəs/ /ˌɒs.tɛnˈteɪ.ʃəs/ adj
bihişmet
Of ostentation.

osteoarthritis n
artros
(pathology) A form of arthritis, affecting mainly older people, caused by chronic degeneration of the cartilage and synovial membrane of the joints, leading to pain and stiffness.

ostrich /ˈɑs.tɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɑs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/ /ˈɒs.tɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/ /ˈɔs.tɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/ n
hêştirme
(ornithology) A large flightless bird of the genus Struthio.

other /ʊðə/ /ˈɐðə/ /ˈʊðəɹ/ /ˈʌðə/ /ˈʌðəɹ/ /ˈʌðɚ/ adj
diğer
See other (determiner) below.
(obsolete) Left, as opposed to right.

otter /ˈɑtɚ/ /ˈɒt.ə/ [(ʔ)ɑɾɚ] n
meymûn
(gay slang) A hairy man with a slender physique, in contrast with a bear, who is more thickset.

ought /ɑt/ /ɔt/ /ɔːt/ v
bûn
(auxiliary) Indicating advisability or prudence.

our /aː(r)/ /aː(ɹ)/ /æʊ(ə)/ /ɐwə(r)/ /ɐʋə(r)/ /ɐː/ /ɑɹ/ /ɑː(ɹ)/ /ˈaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈaʊɚ/ [ɑɹ] [ɑ˞] determiner
bihar
Belonging to us.

ours /ɑɹz/ /ɑːz/ /ˈaʊəz/ /ˈaʊɚz/ pronoun
bihar
That which belongs to us; the possessive case of we, used without a following noun.

ourselves /aʊəˈsɛlvz/ /aʊɚˈsɛlvz/ /ɑɹˈsɛlvz/ /ɑːˈsɛlvz/ pronoun
xwe
(emphatic) We; intensifies the subject as the group including the speaker, especially to indicate that no one else satisfies the predicate.

out /aʊt/ /æɔt/ /æʊt/ /ɘʉt/ /ʌʊt/ adv
derve
Specifically, away from home or one's usual place.
(sports) Of the ball or other playing implement, so as to pass or be situated beyond the bounds of the playing area.

out /aʊt/ /æɔt/ /æʊt/ /ɘʉt/ /ʌʊt/ interjection
derve
(procedure word, especially, military) A radio procedure word meaning that the station is finished with its transmission and does not expect a response.

out of /ˈaʊt əv/ /ˈaʊtə/ preposition
sebeb
From the inside to the outside of. [from 5th c.]
bê
Not in (a given state, condition). [from 13th c.]
Not within a given space, area etc. [from 10th c.]
(informal) In a manner based in but not always in (a certain place); (loosely) in.

out of date
berê
(idiomatic) Too old to be used; not current; invalid; outmoded.

out of order
kar kirin
(idiomatic) Not functioning properly.

out of sight, out of mind proverb
çiqas dûr e bi nûr e
When something is not nearby, it is forgotten about.

outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ n
[[ئه‌نجام]]
(chiefly, sport) The scoreline; the result.

outcrop /ˈaʊt.kɹɑp/ /ˈaʊt.kɹɒp/ /ˈæɔt.kɹɔp/ n
berzax
A piece of land that stands out (usually into water) from the land surrounding.

outdoors /aʊtˈdɔː(ɹ)z/ adv
derve
Not inside a house or under covered structure; unprotected; in the open air.

outdoors /aʊtˈdɔː(ɹ)z/ n
derve
(often preceded by the) The environment outside of enclosed structures.

outer ear n
guhê derve
(anatomy) The outer portion of the ear which includes the auricle/pinna and the ear canal and leads to the eardrum.

outer space /ˌaʊtə ˈspeɪs/ /ˌaʊtɚ ˈspeɪs/ [ˌaʊ̯tə ˈspɛɪ̯s] [ˌaʊ̯ɾɚ ˈspeɪ̯s] n
valageh
Region outside explored space.

outfield n
bax
(baseball, softball) The region of the field between the infield and the outer fence.

outhouse n
banyo

outlay /aʊtˈleɪ/ /ˈaʊtleɪ/ n
[[به‌ها]]
The spending of money, or an expenditure.

outlook /ˈaʊtˌlʊk/ /ˌaʊtˈlʊk/ n
helwest
An attitude or point of view.

outmoded adj
nelikar
Obsolete.

outpost /ˈaʊtˌpoʊst/ n
kolonî
An outlying settlement.

outrage /ˈaʊt.ɹeɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈaʊt.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
harbûn
The resentful, indignant, or shocked anger aroused by such acts.

outright /aʊtˈɹaɪt/ /ˈaʊtɹaɪt/ adv
به‌ ته‌واوی
Wholly; completely; entirely.

outrun /ˈaʊtɹʌn/ v
çandin
(transitive) To run faster than.

outset /ˈaʊtsɛt/ n
destpêk
Onset; the beginning or initial stage of something. [from 1759]

outside /aʊtˈsaɪd/ /ˈaʊt.saɪd/ adv
derve
To or in the outdoors or outside; to or in an area that is beyond the scope, limits, or borders of a given place.
Outdoors.

outstanding /ˌaʊtˈstæn.dɪŋ/ /ˌæɔtˈstæn.dɪŋ/ /ˌʌʊtˈstæn.dɪŋ/ adj
bêkemasî
Exceptionally good; distinguished from others by its superiority.

outwit /aʊtˈwɪt/ v
bûn
(transitive) To get the better of; to outsmart, to beat in a competition of wits.

ovary /ˈoʊvəɹi/ /ˈəʊvəɹi/ n
hêkdank
(anatomy) A female reproductive organ, often paired, that produces ova and in mammals secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone.

oven /ˈʌ.vn̩/ /ˈʌv.ən/ n
firrne
A chamber used for baking or heating.

over /ˈoʊ.vɚ/ /ˈəʊ.və(ɹ)/ adv
dubare
(US, usually, with do) Again; another time; once more; over again.

over /ˈoʊ.vɚ/ /ˈəʊ.və(ɹ)/ preposition
der barê
Beyond; past; exceeding; too much or too far.

over here adv
tû
in this place

overall /ˈoʊvɚɑl/ /ˈoʊvɚɔl/ /ˈəʊvəɹɔːl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈɑl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈɔl/ /ˌəʊvəɹˈɔːl/ n
erk
(British) A garment worn over other clothing to protect it; a coverall or boiler suit. A garment, for manual labor or for casual wear, often made of a single piece of fabric, with long legs and a bib upper, supported from the shoulders with straps, and having several large pockets and loops for carrying tools.

overawe /oʊvɚˈɔ/ /əʊvəˈɹɔː/ v
tirs
(transitive) To restrain, subdue, or control by awe; to cow. [from 16th c.]

overcast /ˈoʊvɚ.kæst/ /ˈəʊvəˌkɑːst/ /ˌoʊvɚˈkæst/ /ˌəʊvəˈkɑːst/ adj
ewravî
Covered with clouds; overshadowed; darkened; (meteorology) more than 90% covered by clouds.

overcome /ˌoʊvɚˈkʌm/ /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ v
ji heq derketin
(transitive) To surmount (a physical or abstract obstacle); to prevail over, to get the better of.

overhear /oʊ.vɚˈhɪɚ/ v
bihîstin
(ambitransitive) To hear something that was not meant for one's ears.

overrun /ˈoʊ.vɚˌɹʌn/ /ˈəʊ.vəˌɹʌn/ /ˌoʊ.vɚˈɹʌn/ /ˌəʊ.vəˈɹʌn/ v
vegirtin
(transitive) To infest, swarm over, flow over.

oversee /ˌoʊ.vɚˈsi/ /ˌɐʉ.vəˈsiː/ /ˌəʊ.vəˈsiː/ [ˌoʊ̯.vɚˈsi] [ˌɐʉ̯.vɐˈsiː] [ˌəʊ̯.vəˈsiː] v
rarê xistin
(figuratively) To supervise, guide, review or direct the actions of a person or group.
teftiş kirin
To inspect, examine
dîtin
(obsolete) To fail to see; to overlook, ignore.
To observe secretly or unintentionally.

overtime /ˈoʊ.vɚˌtaɪm/ /ˈəʊ.və.taɪm/ n
berdan
(sports, countable, US) An extra period of play when a contest has a tie score at the end of regulation.

overturn /ˈəʊvə(ɹ)ˌtɜː(ɹ)n/ /ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈtɜː(ɹ)n/ v
şikandin
(legal, transitive) To reverse (a decision); to overrule or rescind.

ovine /ˈoʊˌvaɪn/ /ˈəʊvaɪn/ n
mî
An animal from the genus Ovis; a sheep.
(figuratively) A person regarded as resembling a sheep in character; one who is acquiescent, easily influenced, passive, or willing to follow a leader blindly; a sheep.

ovum /ˈoʊ.vəm/ /ˈəʊ.vəm/ n
hêk
(cytology) The female gamete in animals; the egg cell.

owl /aʊ(ə)l/ n
kund
Any of various birds of prey of the order Strigiformes that are primarily nocturnal and have forward-looking, binocular vision, limited eye movement, and good hearing. [from 8th c.]

own /oʊn/ /uŋ/ /əʊn/ adj
pak
Belonging to; possessed; acquired; proper to; property of; titled to; held in one's name; under/using the name of. Often marks a possessive determiner as reflexive, referring back to the subject of the clause or sentence.

own /oʊn/ /uŋ/ /əʊn/ v
hebûn
(transitive) To have rightful possession of (property, goods or capital); to have legal title to; to acquire a property or asset.

owner /ˈoʊnɚ/ /ˈəʊnə/ n
sahib
One who owns something.

ownership /ˈoʊnɚʃɪp/ /ˈəʊnəʃɪp/ n
saman
The state of having complete legal control of something; possession; proprietorship.

ox /ˈɑks/ /ˈɒks/ n
ga
An adult castrated male of cattle (B. taurus), especially when used as a beast of burden.

oxeye daisy n
giyakêçk
A widespread flowering plant native to Europe and temperate regions of Asia, Leucanthemum vulgare.

oxygen /ˈɒksɪd͡ʒən/ n
oksîjen
The chemical element (symbol O) with an atomic number of 8 and relative atomic mass of 15.9994. It is a colorless and odorless gas.
Molecular oxygen (O2), a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature, also called dioxygen.

oyster /ˈɔɪstə/ /ˈɔɪstəɹ/ /ˈɔɪst͡ʃəɹ/ n
îstirîdye
Any of certain marine bivalve mollusks, especially those of the family Ostreidae (the true oysters), usually found adhering to rocks or other fixed objects in shallow water along the seacoasts, or in brackish water in the mouth of rivers.
(colloquial, by analogy) A person who keeps secrets.

oyster plant n
zenî
Tragopogon porrifolius (common salsify, vegetable oyster, purple salsify, Jerusalem star), cultivated for its light-skinned edible root

pa /pɑː/ n
بابه‌
(colloquial) Father, papa.
باپیر
(colloquial) Grandpa, grandfather.

pace /peɪs/ n
gav
A step.
The distance covered in a step (or sometimes two), either vaguely or according to various specific set measurements. [from 14th c.]

paddle /ˈpæ.dəl/ /ˈpædl̩/ [ˈpʰæ.ɾɫ̩] n
bêr
A double-bladed version with blades at each end of the shaft is used for kayaking.
A two-handed implement consisting of a shaft with one or two blades attached to the end(s) used to propel a canoe, kayak or a small boat. A paddle is unattached to the boat and freely operated with the hands, compared with an oar which is attached to the boat at a pivot point.

padlock /ˈpadˌlɒk/ n
koc
A detachable lock that can be used to secure something by means of a sliding or hinged shackle

page /peɪd͡ʒ/ n
rûpel
(computing) A screenful of text and possibly other content; especially, the digital simulation of one side of a paper leaf.

pageboy n
rûpel
(now, frequently, historical) A boy who serves as a page. [from 19th c.]

pain /peɪn/ n
êş
(countable, and, uncountable) An ache or bodily suffering, or an instance of this; an unpleasant sensation, resulting from a derangement of functions, disease, or injury by violence; hurt.
(uncountable) The condition or fact of suffering or anguish especially mental, as opposed to pleasure; torment; distress
جانتا
(countable, from, _, pain in the neck) An annoying person or thing.

painful /ˈpeɪn.fəl/ adj
jandar

painless adj
bêtûjî
Free from pain; without pain or trouble.

paint /peɪnt/ n
reng
(dated) Any substance fixed with latex to harden it.

paint /peɪnt/ v
rengandin
(transitive) To apply paint to.
(transitive) To apply in the manner that paint is applied.
(transitive, medicine) To apply with a brush in order to treat some body part.
(transitive) To create (an image) with paints.
(intransitive) To practise the art of painting pictures.

painter /ˈpeɪntə/ /ˈpeɪntɚ/ n
hunermend
An artist who paints pictures.

painting /ˈpeɪn.tɪŋ/ n
nîgar
(countable) An illustration or artwork done with the use of paint.

pair /peː/ /pɛ(ə)ɹ/ /pɛə(ɹ)/ n
cot
Two similar or identical things taken together; often followed by of.
Two people in a relationship, partnership or friendship.
(cards) A poker hand that contains two cards of identical rank, which cannot also count as a better hand.

palace /ˈpæləs/ /ˈpælɪs/ n
dîwan
A large and lavishly ornate residence.

palatable /ˈpæl.ə.tə.bəl/ adj
baş
Pleasing to the taste, tasty.

palate /ˈpæl.ət/ n
esmanê dev
(anatomy) The roof of the mouth, separating the cavities of the mouth and nose in vertebrates. [from 14th c.]

palatial /pəˈleɪʃəl/ adj
koşkî
Of or relating to a palace.

palatine tonsil n
ئاڵوو
(anatomy) One of the two tonsils that can be seen on the left and right sides at the back of the throat.

paleontology /ˌpeɪli.ənˈtɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌpeɪli.ənˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ /ˌpæli.ənˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ n
paleontolojî
(American spelling) Study of the forms of life existing in prehistoric or geologic times, especially as represented by fossils.

pall /pɑl/ /pɔl/ /pɔːl/ n
morî
(heraldic charge) A charge representing an archbishop's pallium, having the form of the letter Y, sometimes charged with crosses.

palladium /pəˈleɪdiəm/ n
paladyûm
A chemical element (symbol Pd) with an atomic number of 46: a rare, lustrous silvery-white metal.

palm /pæm/ /pɑlm/ /pɑm/ /pɑːm/ /pɔlm/ /pɔm/ /ˈpam/ /ˈpæm/ [pɑːm] [pɒːm] v
kirin kefa destê xwe
To hold or conceal something in the palm of the hand, e.g, for an act of sleight of hand or to steal something.

palm tree n
nexil
A tree of the family Arecaceae usually characterised by having a single stem or trunk, directly from which sprout several leaves or fronds giving a shape like an outstretched hand.

palsy /ˈpɔːlzi/ n
fecr
(pathology) Complete or partial muscle paralysis of a body part, often accompanied by a loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements such as shaking.

pan /pæn/ n
enî
A wide, flat receptacle used around the house, especially for cooking.
Short for salt pan: a flat artificial pond used for collecting minerals from evaporated water.

pancreas /ˈpæn-/ /ˈpæŋ.kɹi.əs/ /ˈpæŋkɹɪəs/ n
pankreas
(anatomy) A gland near the stomach which secretes a fluid into the duodenum to help with food digestion. The fluid contains protease, carbohydrase and lipase, which breaks down larger molecules into smaller pieces. The pancreas also produces the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar. These hormones are released into the cardiovascular system.

panda /ˈpændə/ n
daîme
(colloquial, also, attributively) Short for giant panda (“Ailuropoda melanoleuca”). [from 19th c.]

paneer /pəˈniːɹ/ n
penêr

pang /peɪŋ/ /pʰæŋ/ n
jan
(often, in the plural) A paroxysm of extreme physical pain or anguish; a feeling of sudden and transitory agony; a throe.

pangram /ˈpæn.ɡɹæm/ /ˈpæŋ.ɡɹæm/ n
pangram
A sentence that contains every letter of the alphabet.

pant /pænt/ v
نیاز
(transitive, obsolete) To long for (something); to be eager for (something).

pantheon n
panteon
A temple dedicated to all the gods.
pantheon
(mythology) All the gods of a particular people or religion, particularly the ancient Greek gods residing on Olympus, considered as a group.

panther /ˈpeɪntə(ɹ)/ /ˈpæntə(ɹ)/ /ˈpænθə/ /ˈpænθɚ/ n
pars
Any big cat of the genus Panthera.

pants /pænts/ n
şalwar
(chiefly, North America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Philippines) An outer garment that covers the body from the waist downwards, covering each leg separately, usually as far as the ankles; trousers. [from 19th c.]

paper /ˈpeɪpə/ /ˈpeɪpɚ/ [ˈpeɪpə(r)] [ˈpeːpə(r)] [ˈpʰeɪpɚ] n
kaxez perr
A sheet material typically used for writing on or printing on (or as a non-waterproof container), usually made by draining cellulose fibres from a suspension in water.

paper clip n
ataş
A small, folded, wire or plastic device used to hold sheets of paper together.

paper money /ˌpeɪpə ˈmʌni/ /ˌpeɪpəɹ ˈmʌni/ n
banknot
Cash in the form of banknotes.

papilla /pəˈpɪl.ə/ n
çiçikok
(anatomy) A nipple-like protuberance on a part or organ of the body.

paprika /pæpˈɹiːkə/ /pəˈpɹiːkə/ /ˈpæpɹɪkə/ n
îsot
A bright reddish orange colour resembling that of the ground spice.

parachute /ˈpæɹəʃuːt/ n
په‌ڕاشوت
(aviation) A device, generally constructed from fabric, that is designed to employ air resistance to control the fall of an object or person, causing them to float instead of falling.

paradiddle /ˈpæɹəˌdɪdəl/ n
aş
(music) A percussive exercise (one of 26 drum rudiments per the National Association of Rudimental Drummers or one of 40 per the Percussive Arts Society) which involves playing four even strokes in the order ‘right left right right’ or ‘left right left left.’

paradise /ˈpæɹ.ə.daɪs/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.daɪs/ n
beheşt
(figuratively) A very pleasant place, such as a place full of lush vegetation.
(slang) The upper gallery in a theatre.

paragon /ˈpæɹəɡən/ /ˈpæɹəˌɡɑn/ /ˈpæɹəˌɡɔn/ n
nimûne
A person of preeminent qualities, who acts as a pattern or model for others. [from 16th c.]

paragon /ˈpæɹəɡən/ /ˈpæɹəˌɡɑn/ /ˈpæɹəˌɡɔn/ v
bûn nimûne
To serve as a model for; to surpass.

paralysis /pəˈɹæləsəs/ n
fecr
(pathology) The complete loss of voluntary control of part of a person's body, such as one or more limbs.

paramount /ˈpæɹəmaʊnt/ /ˈpæɹəˌmaʊnt/ /ˈpɛ-/ adj
berz
(often, postpositive) Highest, supreme; also, chief, leading, pre-eminent.

parapet /ˈpæɹ.ə.pɪt/ n
parapet
A low protective wall.
(military) A fortification consisting of a wall.

parasite /ˈpæɹəˌsaɪt/ /ˈpɛɹəˌsaɪt/ n
چڵکاوخۆر
(biology) An organism that lives on or in another organism of a different species, deriving benefit from living on or in that other organism, while not contributing towards that other organism sufficiently to cover the cost to that other organism.

parasol /ˈpæɹəˌsɒl/ /ˈpɛɹəˌsɑl/ n
berbaran
A small light umbrella used as protection from the sun.

parched /pɑɹt͡ʃt/ /pɑːtʃt/ adj
hişk
Dry.
Very thirsty.

pardon /ˈpaːdɘn/ /ˈpɑɹd(ə)n/ /ˈpɑːdn̩/ [ˈpʰäːɾɘn] [ˈpʰɑ˞dn̩] n
efû
Forgiveness for an offence.

pardon /ˈpaːdɘn/ /ˈpɑɹd(ə)n/ /ˈpɑːdn̩/ [ˈpʰäːɾɘn] [ˈpʰɑ˞dn̩] v
bexşandin
(transitive) To forgive (a person).
(transitive, legal) To grant an official pardon for a crime.

pare /pɛə(ɹ)/ /pɛɹ/ v
gam
(transitive) To remove the outer covering or skin of something with a cutting device, typically a knife.

parent /ˈpæɹ.ənt/ /ˈpɛə.ɹənt/ /ˈpɛɚ.ənt/ n
bav
One of the two persons from whom one is immediately biologically descended; a mother or father. [from 15th c.]
A person who acts as a parent in rearing a child; a step-parent or adoptive parent.
The source or origin of something. [from 16th c.]
bab
(biology) An organism from which a plant or animal is immediately biologically descended. [from 17th c.]

park /pɐk/ /pɑɹk/ [pɑɹk] [pʰäːk] [pʰɑɹk] [pʰɑːk] [pʰɒək] n
park
A tract of ground kept in its natural state, about or adjacent to a residence, such as for the preservation of game, for walking, riding, or the like.
An area of land set aside for environment preservation or recreation.
An open space occupied by or reserved for vehicles, matériel or stores.

parlance /ˈpɑɹ.ləns/ /ˈpɑː.ləns/ n
biwêj
A certain way of speaking, of using words; especially that associated with a particular job or interest.

parliament /ˈpaːləmənt/ /ˈpɑɹləmənt/ /ˈpɑːləmənt/ /ˈpɑːlɪəmənt/ n
parleman
In many countries, the legislative branch of government, a deliberative assembly or set of assemblies whose elected or appointed members meet to debate the major political issues of the day, make, amend, and repeal laws, authorize the executive branch of government to spend money, and in some cases exercise judicial powers; a legislature. [from 14th c.]
A particular assembly of the members of such a legislature, as convened for a specific purpose or period of time (commonly designated with an ordinal number – for example, first parliament or 12th parliament – or a descriptive adjective – for example, Long Parliament, Short Parliament and Rump Parliament). [from 14th c.]

parrot /ˈpæɹət/ /ˈpɛɹət/ n
papaxal
A kind of bird, many species of which are colorful and able to mimic human speech, of the order Psittaciformes or (narrowly) of the family Psittacidae.

parry /ˈpæɹi/ v
بوه‌سته‌
To avoid, deflect, or ward off (an attack, a blow, an argument, etc.).

parsley /ˈpɑː(ɹ)sli/ n
gêjnak
(countable, uncountable) A bright green, biennial herb, Petroselinum crispum, having many cultivars.

part /pɐːt/ /pɑɹt/ /pɑːt/ n
beş
A fraction of a whole.
A distinct element of something larger.
par
A group inside a larger group.
Position or role (especially in a play).

part company v
telaq dan
To end a relationship. [with with]

participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/ /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ /pəɹˈtɪsəpənt/ n
beşdar
One who participates.

participate /pɑɹˈtɪsəpeɪt/ /pɑɹˈtɪsəpət/ /pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ /pɑːˈtɪsɪpət/ v
ligelbûn
(intransitive) To join in, to take part, to involve oneself (in something). [from 16th c.]

participation /pɑɹˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/ /pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/ n
بەشداری
The act of participating, of taking part in something.

participle /pɑːˈtɪsɪpəl/ /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/ /ˈpɑːtɪsɪpəl/ n
pareng
(grammar) A form of a verb that may function as an adjective, noun or adverb. English has two types of participles: the present participle and the past participle. In other languages, there are others, such as future, perfect, and future perfect participles.

particle /ˈpɑɹtɪkəl/ /ˈpɑːtɪk(ə)l/ n
partîkul
A very small piece of matter, a fragment; especially, the smallest possible part of something. [from 14th c.]
(physics) Any of various physical objects making up the constituent parts of an atom; an elementary particle or subatomic particle. [from 19th c.]
daçek
(linguistics) A part of speech that has no inherent lexical definition but must be associated with another word to impart meaning, often a grammatical category: for example, the English word to in a full infinitive phrase (to eat) or O in a vocative phrase (O Canada), or as a discourse marker (mmm).

partition /pɑɹˈtɪ.ʃən/ /pɑɹˈtɪ.ʃɪn/ n
parçe
That which divides or separates; that by which different things, or distinct parts of the same thing, are separated; boundary; dividing line or space.

partner /ˈpɐːtnə/ /ˈpɑɹtnɚ/ /ˈpɑːtnə(ɹ)/ [ˈpɑɹʔnɚ] n
cariye
Someone who is associated with another in a common activity or interest.
cot
A spouse or other person with whom one shares a domestic, romantic or sexual bond.

partnership /ˈpɑɹtnɚʃɪp/ /ˈpɑːtnəʃɪp/ n
kompanya
The state of being associated with a partner.
An association of two or more people to conduct a business

partridge /ˈpɑɹtɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈpɑːtɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
kew
(ornithology) Any bird of a number of genera in the family Phasianidae, notably in the genera Perdix and Alectoris.

parturition /ˌpɑː(ɹ)tjʊˈɹɪʃən/ /ˌpɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃəˈɹɪʃən/ n
za
The act of giving birth; childbirth.

party /ˈpɑ(ː)ti/ /ˈpɑɹ.ti/ /ˈpɑː.ti/ [ˈpʰɑ(ː)ɾi] [ˈpʰɑɹɾi] n
پارتي
(legal) A person or group of people constituting a particular side in a contract or legal action.
(now, rare, _, in general sense) A group of people forming one side in a given dispute, contest etc.
beşdar
With to: an accessory, someone who takes part.
demborî
A gathering of acquaintances so that one of them may offer items for sale to the rest of them.

pas /pɑː/ n
gav
A step in a dance. [from 18th c.]

pass /pæs/ /pɑːs/ [pʰas] [pʰaːs] [pʰeəs] [pʰeə̯s] [pʰäs] [pʰäːs] [pʰæs] [pʰɐːs] [pʰɑːs] [pʰɛəs] n
bihur
An opening, road, or track, available for passing; especially, one through or over some dangerous or otherwise impracticable barrier such as a mountain range; a passageway; a defile; a ford.
pasaport
A document granting permission to pass or to go and come; a passport; a ticket permitting free transit or admission
barûdox
The state of things; condition; predicament; impasse.
(cookery) The area in a restaurant kitchen where the finished dishes are passed from the chefs to the waiting staff.

pass /pæs/ /pɑːs/ [pʰas] [pʰaːs] [pʰeəs] [pʰeə̯s] [pʰäs] [pʰäːs] [pʰæs] [pʰɐːs] [pʰɑːs] [pʰɛəs] v
mirin
(transitive) To transcend; to surpass; to excel; to exceed.

passenger /ˈpæsənd͡ʒə/ /ˈpæsənd͡ʒɚ/ /ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒə/ /ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒɚ/ n
rêwî
One who rides or travels in a vehicle, but who does not operate it and is not a member of the crew.

passerine /-ɹiːn/ /-ɹən/ /ˈpæsəɹaɪn/ /ˈpæsəˌɹaɪn/ n
çûk
Any bird of the order Passeriformes, which comprises more than half of all bird species.

passing /ˈpɑːsɪŋ/ adj
rêwî
That passes away; ephemeral. [from 14th c.]

passing /ˈpɑːsɪŋ/ n
emrê Xwedê
Death, dying; the end of something. [from 14th c.]

passion /ˈpæʃən/ [ˈpʰæʃən] n
ڤیان
Any great, strong, powerful emotion, especially romantic love or extreme hate.
Fervor, determination.
An object of passionate or romantic love or strong romantic interest.

passport /ˈpæspɔɹt/ /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ n
pasaport
An official document normally used for international journeys, which proves the identity and nationality of the person for whom it was issued.

password /ˈpæswɜːd/ /ˈpæswɝd/ /ˈpɑːswɜː(ɹ)d/ n
şîfre
(military, security) A word relayed to a person to gain admittance to a place or to gain access to information.
(computing, cryptography) A string of characters used to log in to a computer or network, to access a level in a video game, and so on; archetypally a word#Noun but nowadays often an alphanumeric#Adjective string or a phrase#Noun.

pasta /ˈpastə/ /ˈpæstə/ /ˈpɐːstɘ/ /ˈpɐːstə/ /ˈpɑstə/ /ˈpɛstɘ/ n
bariste
(uncountable) Dough made from wheat and water and sometimes mixed with egg and formed into various shapes; often sold in dried form and typically boiled for eating.

pastegh n
bastêq
a kind of Armenian fruit leather made by simmering mashed fruits and berries, then drying the thickened substance in sheets

pastime /ˈpæs.taɪm/ /ˈpɑːs.taɪm/ n
mijûlahî
Something which amuses, and serves to make time pass agreeably.

pastirma n
pastirme
A highly seasoned, air-dried cured beef in Ottoman cuisine.

pastor /ˈpæstɚ/ /ˈpɑːstə/ n
şîvan
(Protestantism) A minister or priest in a church.

pastrama n
pastirme

pastrami /pæˈstɹɑːmi/ /pəˈstɹɑːmi/ n
pastirme
A seasoned smoked cut of beef. Traditionally, this is made from a navel cut.

pastry /ˈpeɪstɹi/ n
xurekên ji hevir
(uncountable) The food group formed by the various kinds of pastries.

pasture /ˈpæs.tɚ/ /ˈpæs.t͡ʃɚ/ /ˈpɑːs.tjə/ /ˈpɑːs.t͡ʃə/ n
çergeh
Land, specifically, an open field, on which livestock is kept for feeding.

pate /peɪt/ n
hîş
(archaic) Wit, cleverness, cognitive abilities.

paternal aunt n
pûr
A sister of someone’s father.
The wife of a sibling of someone’s father.

paternal grandfather n
bapîr
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see paternal,‎ grandfather. (This entry is a translation hub.)

paternal grandmother n
dapîr
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see paternal,‎ grandmother. (This entry is a translation hub.)

paternal uncle n
ap
A brother or brother-in-law of one's father. (This entry is a translation hub.)

paternoster /-ˌnɑstɚ/ /ˈpɑtəɹˌnɔstɚ/ /ˈpɑːtəˌnɒstə(ɹ)/ n
Bavê me
(archaic) A patent medicine, so named because salesmen would pray the Lord's Prayer over it before selling it.

path /pæθ/ /pɑːθ/ [pʰaθ] [pʰeəθ] [pʰäːθ] [pʰæθ] [pʰɐːθ] [pʰɑːθ] [pʰɛəθ] n
rêç
A trail for the use of, or worn by, pedestrians.
A course taken.
(computing) A human-readable specification for a location within a hierarchical or tree-like structure, such as a file system or as part of a URL.
(graph theory) A sequence of vertices from one vertex to another using the arcs (edges). A path does not visit the same vertex more than once (unless it is a closed path, where only the first and the last vertex are the same).

pathetic /pəˈθɛtɪk/ adj
bandorker
Arousing pity, sympathy, or compassion; exciting pathos.

patience /ˈpeɪʃəns/ n
ئارام
The quality of being patient.

patriot /ˈpeɪ.tɹi.ət/ /ˈpæ.tɹi.ət/ n
نیشتیمان په‌روه‌ر
A person who loves and zealously supports and defends their country.

patriotism /ˈpeɪtɹi.əˌtɪzəm/ /ˈpætɹi.əˌtɪzəm/ n
patriyotîzm
Love of one's country; devotion to the welfare of one's compatriots; passion which inspires one to serve one's country.

patsy /ˈpætsi/ n
کۆتر
(informal, derogatory) A person who is taken advantage of, especially by being cheated or blamed for something.

pauper /ˈpoː.pə/ /ˈpɑ.pɚ/ /ˈpɔ.pɚ/ /ˈpɔː.pə/ n
داماو
One who is extremely poor.

paw /poː/ /pɑ/ /pɔ/ /pɔː/ n
lep
The soft foot of a mammal or other animal, generally a quadruped, that has claws or nails; comparable to a human hand or foot.

pawn /pɑn/ /pɑɒn/ /pɔn/ /pɔːn/ n
piyon
(chess) The most numerous chess piece, or a similar piece in a similar game. In chess, each side starts with eight; moves are only forward, and attacks are only diagonally or en passant.

pax /pæks/ interjection
aştî
(UK, dated, school slang) A cry for peace or truce in children's games.

pay /peɪ/ [pʰeɪ] v
dan
(transitive) To give money or other compensation to in exchange for goods or services.

pay back /peɪ bæk/ v
vegerandin
(figuratively) To avenge, to exact revenge.

payback /ˈpeɪbæk/ n
heyf
(uncountable) An act of revenge.

payment card n
karta hesabî
(banking) A card, such as a credit card or debit card, which can be used for payment of goods or services.

pea /piː/ n
polik
Any plant of the family Fabaceae.
(culinary) The edible seed of Pisum sativum; the green pea.
(culinary) The edible seed of various other pea plants.

peace /piːs/ n
aştî
A state of tranquility, quiet, and harmony; absence of violence.
Harmony in personal relations.
aştî ئاشتی
A state free of war, in particular war between different countries.

peace treaty n
aştî
An agreement to end fighting or conflict.

peacetime /ˈpiːstaɪm/ n
aştî
The period of time when a nation or people is at peace, not fighting a war.

peach /piːt͡ʃ/ n
xox şeftalî
(countable) Any tree of species Prunus persica, native to China and now widely cultivated throughout temperate regions, having pink flowers and edible fruit.
(countable, uncountable) Soft juicy stone fruit of the peach tree, having yellow flesh, downy, red-tinted yellow skin, and a deeply sculptured pit or stone containing a single seed.
xox
(uncountable) A light yellow-red colour.

peacock /ˈpikɑk/ /ˈpiːkɒk/ n
tawis
A peafowl (of the genus Pavo or Afropavo), either male or female.
(entomology) Any of various Asian species of papilionid butterflies of the genus Papilio.

peafowl /ˈpiːˌfaʊl/ n
nexşe
A pheasant of the genus Pavo or Afropavo, notable for the extravagant tails of the males; a peacock (unspecified sex).

peak /piːk/ n
rayeka navdêrî
(geography) The top, or one of the tops, of a hill, mountain, or range, ending in a point.

peanut /ˈpiˌnʌt/ /ˈpiːnʌt/ n
fisteqebîd
A legume resembling a nut, the fruit of the plant Arachis hypogaea, native to South America.

pear /pɛə/ /pɛɚ/ /ˈpiːə(r)/ [pʰeə] n
hirmî karçîn
A type of fruit tree (Pyrus communis).

pearl /pɜːl/ /pɝl/ [pʰəːɫ] [pʰɚɫ] n
morî
A shelly concretion, usually rounded, and having a brilliant luster, with varying tints, found in the mantle, or between the mantle and shell, of certain bivalve mollusks, especially in the pearl oysters and river mussels, and sometimes in certain univalves. It is usually due to a secretion of shelly substance around some irritating foreign particle. Its substance is the same as nacre, or mother-of-pearl. Round lustrous pearls are used in jewellery.

peasant /ˈpɛzənt/ n
cotkar
A member of the lowly social class that toils on the land, constituted by small farmers and tenants, sharecroppers, farmhands and other laborers on the land where they form the main labor force in agriculture and horticulture.
A country person.
(pejorative) An uncouth, crude or ill-bred person.

pebble /ˈpɛb.əl/ n
kevir
A small stone, especially one rounded by the action of water.
(geology) A particle from 4 to 64 mm in diameter, following the Wentworth scale.

pectoral /pɛkˈtoɹəl/ /ˈpɛk.tə.ɹəl/ adj
sing
Of or pertaining to the breast, or chest.

peculiar /pəˈkjul.jɚ/ /pəˈkjuː.li.ə/ /pɪˈkjul.jɚ/ /pɪˈkjuː.li.ə/ /pɪˈkjʉː.li.ə/ adj
bi
Out of the ordinary; odd; strange; unusual.

pedal /ˈpiːdəl/ /ˈpɛdəl/ n
pedal
A lever operated by one's foot that is used to control or power a machine or mechanism, such as a bicycle or piano

pedalo /ˈpɛdələʊ/ n
duçerxe
(UK, watercraft) A small boat propelled by pedals that directly turn external paddles, used for recreation.

pederasty /ˈpi.də.ɹæs.ti/ /ˈpɛd.ə.ɹæs.ti/ /ˈpɛd.ə.ɹəs.ti/ n
hetîwbazî
Erotic love, sexually expressed or chaste, between a man and an adolescent boy.
(archaic) Anal intercourse in general, usually between a man and an adolescent boy.

pedestal /ˈpɛdɪstəl/ n
pedal
(architecture) The base or foot of a column, statue, vase, lamp.

pediculosis n
spehkirin

pee /ˈpiː/ v
mîz kirin

peel /piːl/ [pʰiəɫ] [pʰiːɫ] v
پاک کردن
(transitive) To remove the skin or outer covering of.

peg /pɛɡ/ [pʰɛɡ] n
tepedor
(UK) A small quantity of a strong alcoholic beverage.

peg /pɛɡ/ [pʰɛɡ] v
daliqandin
(transitive) To fasten using a peg.
avêtin
(transitive, kickball) To throw a ball at (someone), to hit (someone) with a ball.
(cribbage) To move one's pegs to indicate points scored; to score with a peg.
hizr kirin
(transitive, slang) To indicate or ascribe an attribute to.

pejorative /pəˈd͡ʒoɹətəv/ /pɪˈd͡ʒoɹətɪv/ /pɪˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ə.tɪv/ /pɪˈd͡ʒɒɹətɪv/ adj
biçûkker
Disparaging, belittling or derogatory.

pejorative /pəˈd͡ʒoɹətəv/ /pɪˈd͡ʒoɹətɪv/ /pɪˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ə.tɪv/ /pɪˈd͡ʒɒɹətɪv/ n
carisî
A disparaging, belittling, or derogatory word or expression.

pellet /ˈpel.ɪt/ /ˈpɛl.ɪt/ n
top
Compressed byproduct of digestion regurgitated by owls and many other birds of prey, which serves as a waste disposal mechanism for indigestible parts of food, such as fur and bones.

pelt /pɛlt/ n
çerm
The skin of an animal with the hair or wool on; either a raw or undressed hide, or a skin preserved with the hair or wool on it (sometimes worn as a garment with minimal modification).

pen /pɛn/ /pɪn/ n
qelem
A tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks.
(figurative) A writer, or their style.

pen /pɛn/ /pɪn/ v
nivîsin
(transitive) To write (an article, a book, etc.).

penalty /ˈpɛnəlti/ n
ceza
A legal sentence.
(ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.

penchant /ˈpɒnʃɒn/ /ˈpɛnt͡ʃənt/ [ˈpɑ̃ʃɑ̃] n
ڕه‌وه‌ت
Taste, liking, or inclination (for).

pencil /ˈpɛnsəl/ /ˈpɛnsɪl/ /ˈpɛntsəl/ n
پێنووس
A writing utensil with a graphite (commonly referred to as lead) shaft, usually blended with clay, clad in wood, and sharpened to a taper. [from 16th c.]

peninsula /pəˈnɪn.sjə.lə/ /pəˈnɪn.sə.lə/ /pəˈnɪn.ʃə.lə/ /pɪˈnɪn.sjʊ.lə/ /ˈpɛn.ɪn.sjʊ.lə/ n
nîvgirav
(geography) A piece of land projecting into water from a larger land mass.

penis /ˈpi.nɪs/ /ˈpiː.nɪs/ [ˈpʰi.nɪs] [ˈpʰiː.nɪs] n
kîr

penury /ˈpɛnjəɹi/ /ˈpɛnjʊɹi/ n
feqîrî
Extreme want; poverty; destitution.

peon /pjuːn/ /pɪˈuːn/ /ˈpeɪ.ɑn/ /ˈpeɪ.ɒn/ /ˈpi.ɑn/ /ˈpiː.ən/ n
piyon
A lowly person; a peasant or serf; a labourer who is obliged to do menial work.

people /ˈpipl̩/ /ˈpipəl/ /ˈpiːpl̩/ /ˈpiːpəl/ [ˈpʰipɫ̩] n
gel
a body of persons considered generally or collectively; a group of two or more persons.

pepo /ˈpi.poʊ/ /ˈpiː.pəʊ/ n
qirik
A fruit of plants of the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, possessing a hard rind and producing many seeds in a single, central, pulpy chamber.

pepper /ˈpɛpə/ /ˈpɛpɚ/ n
bîber
A plant of the family Piperaceae.
(UK, US, Ireland, and, Canada) A fruit of the capsicum plant: red, green, yellow or white, hollow and containing seeds, and in very spicy and mild varieties.
filfil
(uncountable) A spice prepared from the fermented, dried, unripe berries of this plant.

peppermint /ˈpɛpəˌmɪnt/ /ˈpɛpɚˌmɪnt/ n
nane
A hybrid herb of the mint family (Mentha × piperita), formed by crossing watermint and spearmint, which has a high menthol content and a sharp flavor and is used in cooking, especially in herb teas and in confections. [from 17th c.]
(countable) Any of various sweets containing extract of the peppermint herb; peppermint confectionery. [from 19th c.]

per /pɜː(ɹ)/ /pɝ/ preposition
li
For each.
To each, in each (used in expressing ratios of units).

per pale adv
پارتی
(heraldry) (Partitioned) vertically; (especially) partitioned vertically into two halves (formally party per pale).

perceive /pəˈsiːv/ /pɚˈsiv/ v
oruspu cocuklari
(transitive) To become aware of, through the physical senses, to see; to understand.

perch /pɜːtʃ/ /pɝt͡ʃ/ v
hêwirîn
(intransitive) To rest on a perch (especially, of a bird); to roost.

perdition /pɜː(ɹ).ˈdɪ.ʃən/ n
جه‌هه‌نه‌م
Hell.

perennial /pəˈɹɛn.i.əl/ /pəˈɹɛn.j(ə)l/ /pəˈɹɛn.ɪ.əl/ adj
berdewamî
Continuing without cessation or intermission for several years, or for an undetermined or infinite period; neverending or never failing; perpetual, unceasing.

perfect /ˈpɜː.fɛkt/ /ˈpɜː.fɪkt/ /ˈpɝ.fɪkt/ adj
bêkemasî
Fitting its definition precisely.
Excellent and delightful in all respects.

perfection /pɚˈfɛk.ʃən/ n
bêkêmasîtî
The quality or state of being perfect or complete, so that nothing substandard remains; the highest attainable state or degree of excellence

perfidiously adv
bi xayînî
In a perfidious manner.

perform /pəˈfɔːm/ /pɚˈfɔɹm/ [pʰəˈfɔːm] v
[[بردن به‌ڕێوه‌]]
(transitive) To do (something); to execute.
lê xistin
(ambitransitive) To do (something) in front of an audience, such as acting or music, often in order to entertain.

performer /pəˈfɔːmə/ /pɚˈfɔɹmɚ/ n
hunermend
One who performs for, or entertains, an audience.

perfume /pɚˈfjuːm/ /ˈpɚfjuːm/ /ˈpɜːfjuːm/ /ˈpɝfjuːm/ n
bêhndarî
A pleasant smell; the scent, odor, or odoriferous particles emitted from a sweet-smelling substance; a pleasant odor

perhaps /pəˈhæps/ /pəˈɹæps/ /pɚˈhæps/ /ˈpɹæps/ adv
belkî
Possibly.
(dated) By chance.

perilous /pɛɹ.l̩.əs/ /ˈpɛɹ.ɪ.ləs/ adj
talûke
Dangerous, full of peril.

period /ˈpi.ɹɪd/ /ˈpɪə.ɹi.əd/ /ˈpɪə.ɹɪ.əd/ /ˈpɪɚ.i.əd/ /ˈpɪɹ.i.əd/ n
nuqte
(now, chiefly, North America, Philippines) The punctuation mark “.” (indicating the ending of a sentence or marking an abbreviation).
dewr
The length of time during which the same characteristics of a periodic phenomenon recur, such as the repetition of a wave or the rotation of a planet. [from 17th c.]

periodic table /ˌpɪə-/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪk ˈteɪbəl/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɒdɪk ˈteɪb(ə)l/ n
sîstema vedorî ya elementan
(chemistry) A tabular chart of the chemical elements according to their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same group (column).

periodical /ˌpɪəɹiˈɒdɪkl̩/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪkl̩/ n
kovar
A regularly issued thematic publication that contains the most current information in its field, often the primary means for communication of original scholarship or creative work at the cutting edge of research in its field.

peripatetic /ˌpɛɹ.ə.pəˈtɛt.ɪk/ /ˌpɛɹ.ɪ.pəˈtɛt.ɪk/ adj
koçer
Tending to walk about.

peripheral nervous system n
demarekoendama çêwe
(neuroanatomy) The part of the nervous system which is not the central nervous system.

periphery /pəˈɹɪfəɹi/ n
derdor
The outside boundary, parts or surface of something.

permanently /ˈpɜː(ɹ)məntli/ /ˈpɜːmənəntli/ /ˈpɝmənəntli/ adv
daîme
In a permanent manner; lastingly.

permission /pəˈmɪʃən/ /pɚˈmɪʃən/ n
destûr
authorisation; consent (especially formal consent from someone in authority)
The act of permitting.

permit /pəˈmɪt/ /pɚˈmɪt/ /ˈpɜːmɪt/ /ˈpɝmɪt/ n
destûr
An artifact or document rendering something allowed or legal. [from 17th c.]

pernicious /pəˈnɪʃəs/ /pɚˈnɪʃəs/ adj
bizerar
Causing much harm in a subtle way.

perpendicular /pɝ.pənˈdɪk.jə.lɚ/ /pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/ /ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/ adj
sahne
(geometry) At or forming a right angle (to something).

perpendicular /pɝ.pənˈdɪk.jə.lɚ/ /pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/ /ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/ n
sahne
(geometry) A line or plane that is perpendicular to another.

persecution /ˌpɜːsəˈkjuːʃən/ /ˌpɝsəˈkjuʃən/ n
stem
The act of persecuting, especially a specific group of people; an instance of persecution.

persist /pəˈsɪst/ /pɚˈsɪst/ v
pêkolî kirin
(intransitive) To continue to exist.

person /ˈpɑsən/ /ˈpɜːsən/ /ˈpɝsən/ [ˈpʰɜːsn̩] [ˈpʰɝsn̩] n
kes
An individual who has been granted personhood; usually a human being. [from 13th c.]
(law) Any individual or formal organization with standing before the courts. [from 14th c.]
(grammar) A linguistic category used to distinguish between the speaker of an utterance and those to whom or about whom they are speaking. See grammatical person. [from 14th c.]
mirov
(in a compound noun or noun phrase) A human of unspecified gender (in terms usually constructed with man or woman).
(in a compound noun or noun phrase) Someone who likes or has an affinity for (a specified thing). [from 20th c.]
beden
The physical body of a being seen as distinct from the mind, character, etc. [from 14th c.]

personal /ˈpɜː.sə.nəl/ /ˈpɜːs.nəl/ /ˈpɝ.sə.nəl/ /ˈpɝs.nəl/ adj
تایبه‌تی
Of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals
(grammar) Related to grammatical first, second, etc. persons.

personal injury n
birîn
(legal) An injury to the body, mind or emotions, as opposed to an injury to property.

personality /-i/ /pɜːsəˈnælətɪ/ /ˌpɝsəˈnælɪti/ [ˌpɝsəˈnælɪɾi] n
xwebûnî
(of people) A set of non-physical psychological and social qualities that make one person distinct from another.

personnel /-el/ /pɜː.səˈnɛl/ /pɜːsˈnɛl/ /pɝ.səˈnɛl/ /pɝsˈnɛl/ /pɵː.sɘˈnɛl/ /pɵːsˈnɛl/ n
تایبه‌تی
Collection of people in an organization, such as employees and office staff, members of the military, etc.

persuasion /pəˈsweɪʒ(ə)n/ /pɚˈsweɪʒən/ n
xirandin
bawerkirin
The act of persuading, or trying to do so; the addressing of arguments to someone with the intention of changing their mind or convincing them of a certain point of view, course of action etc. [from 14th c.]

pertain /pəˈteɪn/ /pɚˈteɪn/ v
li gorî bûn
(intransitive) To apply; to be or remain in place; to continue to be applicable.

peruse /pəˈɹuːz/ n
تاقیکردنه‌وه‌

peruse /pəˈɹuːz/ v
xwendin
(transitive) To read completely.

peshmerga n
pêşmerge
A term used by Kurds to refer to armed Kurdish fighters.

pest /pɛst/ n
weba
(now, _, rare) A pestilence, i.e. a deadly epidemic, a deadly plague.

pestilence /ˈpɛstlən(t)s/ /ˈpɛstələn(t)s/ /ˈpɛstɪlən(t)s/ n
weba
Any epidemic disease that is highly contagious, infectious, virulent and devastating.

pestle /ˈpɛsəl/ n
mîrkut
A club-shaped, round-headed stick used in a mortar to pound, crush, rub or grind things.

pet /pɛt/ [pʰɛt] [pʰɛʔt] n
rayeka navdêrî
An animal kept as a companion.

pet /pɛt/ [pʰɛt] [pʰɛʔt] v
mist dan
(transitive) To stroke or fondle (an animal).

petition /pəˈtɪʃ.ən/ n
daxwazname
A formal, written request made to an official person or organized body, often containing many signatures.
A compilation of signatures built in order to exert moral authority in support of a specific cause.
dua
A prayer; a supplication; an entreaty.

pewter /ˈpjutɚ/ /ˈpjuːtə/ [ˈpjuɾɚ] n
pîl
An alloy of approximately 93–98% tin and 1–2% copper, and the balance of antimony.

pharaoh /ˈfæɹ.oʊ/ /ˈfɛ(ə)ɹ.oʊ/ /ˈfɛə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈfɛː.ɹəʊ/ n
fîrewn
(historical) The supreme ruler of Ancient Egypt; a formal address for the sovereign seat of power as personified by the "king" in an institutional role of Horus son of Osiris; often used by metonymy for Ancient Egyptian sovereignty

pharmacology /ˌfɑɹməˈkɒləd͡ʒi/ n
farmakolojî
The science of drugs, including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.

pharmacy /ˈfɑɹməsi/ /ˈfɑːməsi/ n
eczaxane
(countable) A place where prescription drugs are sold or dispensed.
(uncountable) The science of medicinal substances, inclusive of pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, phytochemistry, and forensics.
(uncountable) The role or occupation of a pharmacist.

pharyngeal /fəˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/ /fəˈɹɪn.d͡ʒəl/ /fəˈɹɪn.ʒi.əl/ /ˌfa.ɹɪnˈd͡ʒiː.əl/ /ˌfæɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/ /ˌfɛɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/ adj
qirik
(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the pharynx.

pharynx /ˈfa.ɹɪŋks/ /ˈfæɹ.ɪŋks/ /ˈfɛɹ.ɪŋks/ n
gewrî
(anatomy) The part of the alimentary canal and respiratory tract that extends from the back of the mouth and nasal cavity to the larynx and esophagus.

phase /feɪz/ n
faz qonax
(physics) Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.

phat /fæt/ adj
don
(slang, originally, AAVE) Excellent; cool; very good.

phi /faɪ/ /fiː/ n
barik
Φ, the 21st letter of the Euclidean and modern Greek alphabet, usually romanized as "ph".

philanthropy /fɪˈlæn.θɹə.pi/ /fɪˈlæn.θɹə.piː/ n
fîlantropî
(chiefly, _, uncountable) Benevolent altruism with the intention of increasing the well-being of humankind.

philistine /-lə-/ /-stin/ /fɪˈlɪstin/ /ˈfɪlɪstaɪn/ /ˈfɪlɪˌstaɪn/ n
nezan
(derogatory) A person who is ignorant or uneducated; specifically, a person who lacks appreciation of or is antagonistic towards art or culture, and who has pedestrian tastes.

philology /fɪˈlɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /fɪˈlɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ /fɪˈlɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
fîlolojî
(philosophy) Love and study of learning and literature, broadly speaking.

philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfəɹ/ /fɪˈlɒs.ə.fə(ɹ)/ n
fîlozof
(archaic) A person who applies the principles of philosophy to the conduct of their life, as by acting calmly and rationally in the face of inevitable change.
(archaic) A student, scholar, or expert in any branch of knowledge, especially those branches studied prior to being considered part of pure science.

philosophy /fɪˈlɑsəfi/ /fɪˈlɒsəfi/ n
felsefe
(uncountable) An academic discipline that seeks truth through reasoning rather than empiricism, often attempting to provide explanations relating to general concepts such as existence and rationality.
(countable) A comprehensive system of belief.
(countable) A view or outlook regarding fundamental principles underlying some domain.
(countable) A general principle (usually moral).

phlegm /fliːm/ /flɛm/ n
nezle
Viscid mucus produced by the body, later especially mucus expelled from the bronchial passages by coughing. [from 14th c.]

phobia /ˈfoʊbi.ə/ /ˈfəʊbɪə/ n
fobî
An irrational, abnormal, or obsessive fear (of something).

phone /foʊ̯n/ /fəʊ̯n/ v
تليفون
(transitive) To call (someone) using a telephone.

phoneme /ˈfoʊ.nim/ /ˈfəʊ.niːm/ n
vac
An indivisible unit of sound in a given language. A phoneme is an abstraction of the physical speech sounds (phones) and may encompass several different phones.

phonetics /fəˈnɛtɪks/ n
fonetîk
(linguistics) The study of the physical sounds of human speech, concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds (phones), and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception, and their representation by written symbols.

phosphorus /ˈfɑs.fɚ.əs/ /ˈfɒs.fə.ɹəs/ /ˈfɒs.fɹəs/ n
fosfor
(chemistry) a chemical element (symbol P) with an atomic number of 15, that exists in several allotropic forms.

photo /ˈfoʊ.toʊ/ /ˈfəʊ.təʊ/ [ˈfŏʊɾoʊ] [ˈfəʊtʰəʊ] v
wêne kişandin
(transitive) To take a photograph of.

photograph /ˈfoʊ.tə.ˌɡɹæf/ /ˈfəʊ.tə.ˌɡɹɑːf/ [ˈfoʊ̯.ɾə.ˌɡɹ̠æf] [ˈfəʊ̯.tʰə̥.ˌɡɹ̠ɑːf] n
wêne
A picture created by projecting an image onto a photosensitive surface such as a chemically treated plate or film, CCD receptor, etc.

photograph /ˈfoʊ.tə.ˌɡɹæf/ /ˈfəʊ.tə.ˌɡɹɑːf/ [ˈfoʊ̯.ɾə.ˌɡɹ̠æf] [ˈfəʊ̯.tʰə̥.ˌɡɹ̠ɑːf] v
wêne kişandin
(transitive, intransitive) To take a photograph (of).

photography /fəˈtɑ.ɡɹə.fi/ /fəˈtɒ.ɡɹə.fi/ n
wêne
The art and technology of producing images on photosensitive surfaces, and its digital counterpart.
The occupation of taking (and often printing) photographs.

photojournalism n
fotorojnamevanî
A form of journalism in which a story is told primarily through photographs and other images

photon /ˈfəʊtɒn/ n
foton
(particle) The quantum of light and other electromagnetic energy, regarded as a discrete particle having zero rest mass, no electric charge, and an indefinitely long lifetime. It is a gauge boson.

photosynthesis /ˌfoʊ.toʊ.ˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/ /ˌfəʊ.təʊ.ˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/ [ˌfŏʊ.ɾoʊ.ˈsɪn̪.θə.sɪs] [ˌfəʊ.tʰəʊ.ˈsɪn̪.θə.sɪs] n
fotosentez
(biochemistry, organic chemistry) Any process by which plants and other photoautotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy.

phrase /fɹeɪz/ n
biwêj
A short written or spoken expression.

phrase /fɹeɪz/ v
derbiran
(transitive) To express (an action, thought or idea) by means of particular words.

phylum /ˈfaɪləm/ n
liq
(taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank

physician /fɪˈzɪʃən/ n
doktor
A medical doctor trained in human medicine.

physics /ˈfɪz.ɪks/ n
fizîk فیزیا
The branch of science concerned with the study of the properties and interactions of space, time, matter and energy.

physiology /ˌfɪziˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /ˌfɪziˈɒləd͡ʒi/ n
fizyolojî
A branch of biology that deals with the functions and activities of life or of living matter (as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and chemical phenomena involved.

physiotherapist n
jîmnastekî
(British) A therapist who treats physical injury or dysfunction, usually with exercise.

physique n
fizîk
The natural constitution, or physical structure, of a person.

pi /paɪ/ n
pî
(mathematics) An irrational and transcendental constant representing the ratio of the circumference of a Euclidean circle to its diameter; approximately 3.14159265358979323846264338327950; usually written π.

piano /paɪˈænoʊ/ /piˈænoʊ/ /piˈænəʊ/ n
piyano
(musical instruments) a percussive keyboard musical instrument, usually ranging over seven octaves, with white and black colored keys, played by pressing these keys, causing hammers to strike strings [from 1803]

pick /pɪk/ [pʰɪk] n
tevir
A tool used for digging; a pickaxe.
A tool for unlocking a lock without the original key; a lock pick, picklock.
balîna
A choice; ability to choose.

pick /pɪk/ [pʰɪk] v
bijartin
girtin
To grasp and pull with the fingers or fingernails.
(dated) To peck at, as a bird with its beak; to strike at with anything pointed; to act upon with a pointed instrument; to pierce; to prick, as with a pin.
kevçe
To harvest a fruit or vegetable for consumption by removing it from the plant to which it is attached; to harvest an entire plant by removing it from the ground.

pick up v
girtin
(transitive, ) To collect an object, especially in passing.
(transitive) To learn, to grasp; to begin to understand; to realize.
durist kirin
(transitive, and, intransitive, _, with on) To meet and seduce somebody for romantic purposes, especially in a social situation.

pickaxe /ˈpɪkˌæks/ n
tevir
A heavy iron tool with a wooden handle; one end of the head is pointed, the other has a chisel edge.

pickle /ˈpɪkl̩/ n
qirik
(chiefly, US, Canada, Australia) A cucumber preserved in a solution, usually a brine or a vinegar syrup.

pickpocket /ˈpɪkpɒkɪt/ n
berîk bir
One who steals from the pocket of a passerby, usually by sleight of hand.

picture /ˈpɪk(t)ʃə/ /ˈpɪk(t)ʃəɹ/ /ˈpɪt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
وێنه‌
A representation of anything (as a person, a landscape, a building) upon canvas, paper, or other surface, by drawing, painting, printing, photography, etc.
fotograf
A photograph.

pie /paɪ/ /pɑɪ/ n
kulîçe
(figuratively) The whole of a wealth or resource, to be divided in parts.

piece /piːs/ n
parçe
A part of a larger whole, usually in such a form that it is able to be separated from other parts.
zabit
(chess) One of the figures used in playing chess, specifically a higher-value figure as distinguished from a pawn; by extension, a similar counter etc. in other games.
sîleh
(US, slang) A cannabis pipe.
(slang) An ounce of a recreational drug.

piece of cake /ˈpiːsə(v)ˈkeɪk/ n
lehîstoka zarokan
(idiomatic) A job, task or other activity that is pleasant – or, by extension, easy or simple.

piece of paper n
kaxez
A single sheet or scrap of paper.

piece of shit n
gû
(idiomatic, vulgar) A bad thing; an object of poor quality.
(idiomatic, derogatory, vulgar) A despicable person.

pier /pɪə(ɹ)/ /pɪɹ/ n
rixtim
A raised platform built from the shore out over water, supported on piles; used to secure, or provide access to shipping; a jetty.
baterî
A structure supporting the junction between two spans of a bridge.

pig /ˈpɪɡ/ n
beraz
Any of several mammalian species of the genus Sus, having cloven hooves, bristles and a nose adapted for digging; especially the domesticated animal Sus domesticus.
(metaphorically, derogatory) Someone who overeats or eats rapidly and noisily.
(metaphorically, derogatory) A dirty or slovenly person.
(now, chiefly, US, UK, Irish, Australia, NZ) A police officer. [From ante 1785.]
(engineering) A device for cleaning or inspecting the inside of an oil or gas pipeline, or for separating different substances within the pipeline. Named for the pig-like squealing noise made by their progress.

pigeon /ˈpɪ.d͡ʒən/ /ˈpɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ n
کۆتر
One of several birds of the family Columbidae, which consists of more than 300 species.
(North America, informal) A person who is a target or victim of a confidence game.

piggyback adv
pişt
On somebody's back or shoulders.

piglet /ˈpɪɡ.lət/ n
kudik
A young pig.

pigsty /ˈpɪɡstaɪ/ n
kerxane
(colloquial) A dirty or very untidy place.

pilaf n
girar
A dish made by browning grain, typically rice, in oil and then cooking it with a seasoned broth, to which meat and/or vegetables may be added.

pile /paɪl/ n
baterî
(informal) A group or list of related items up for consideration, especially in some kind of selection process.
A mass formed in layers.
A vertical series of alternate disks of two dissimilar metals (especially copper and zinc), laid up with disks of cloth or paper moistened with acid water between them, for producing a current of electricity; a voltaic pile, or galvanic pile.
(heraldiccharge) One of the ordinaries or subordinaries having the form of a wedge, usually placed palewise, with the broadest end uppermost.

pill /pɪl/ [pʰɪɫ] n
heb
(broadly) A small, usually round or cylindrical object designed for easy swallowing, usually containing some sort of medication.

pillar /ˈpɪlə/ /ˈpɪlɚ/ n
baterî
(architecture) A large post, often used as supporting architecture.

pillow /ˈpɛloʊ/ /ˈpɪloʊ/ /ˈpɪləʊ/ n
balgih
A soft cushion used to support the head in bed.

pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ n
balafirvan
(aviation) A person who is in charge of the controls of an aircraft.

pimp /pɪmp/ n
astîk
Someone who solicits customers for prostitution and acts as manager for a group of prostitutes; a pander.

pin /pɪn/ [pʰɪn] n
deştik
A slender object specially designed for use in a specific game or sport, such as skittles or bowling.
lep
(informal, in plural) A leg.

pin /pɪn/ [pʰɪn] v
pe ve kirin
(often followed by a preposition such as "to" or "on") To fasten or attach (something) with a pin.

pincers /ˈpɪnsəɹz/ n
kelbetan
A gripping tool, pivoted like a pair of scissors, but with blunt jaws.

pinch /pɪnt͡ʃ/ v
dizî kirin
(figurative) To cramp; to straiten; to oppress; to starve.

pine /paɪn/ n
çam
(countable, uncountable) Any coniferous tree of the genus Pinus.

pine marten n
kûz
A species of marten native to Northern Europe, Martes martes.

pine nut /ˈpaɪn ˌnʌt/ n
fistiqên çaman
The edible seed of any of several species of evergreen pine, especially Pinus pinea, Pinus cembra, and Pinus cembroides.

pineapple /ˈpaɪnæpəl/ /ˈpaɪnəpəl/ /ˌpaɪnˈæpəl/ n
ananas
(uncountable) The flesh of a pineapple fruit used as a food item.
(slang) An Australian fifty dollar note.
A decorative carving of a pineapple fruit used as a symbol of hospitality.

pinecone n
fistiqên çaman
A seed-bearing conical fruit of a pine tree.

pink /pɪŋk/ [pʰɪŋk] adj
pembe
Having a colour between red and white; pale red.

pink /pɪŋk/ [pʰɪŋk] n
pembe
Pale red.

pinna /ˈpɪnə/ n
perre guh
(anatomy) The visible part of the ear that resides outside of the head, the auricle; outer ear excluding the ear canal.

pinniped n
fok
Any of various large marine mammals belonging to the superfamily (formerly considered a suborder) Pinnipedia comprising walruses, eared seals and earless seals.

pip /pɪp/ n
dendik
(obsolete) A pippin, seed of any kind.
reng
One of the spots or symbols on a playing card, domino, die, etc.

pipe /paɪp/ n
flût
(musical instrument) A wind instrument consisting of a tube, often lined with holes to allow for adjustment in pitch, sounded by blowing into the tube. [from 10th c.]
qelûn
A rigid tube that transports water, steam, or other fluid, as used in plumbing and numerous other applications. [from 10th c.]

pipit /ˈpɪpɪt/ n
çivîka hêjîran
Any of various small passerine birds, mainly from the genus Anthus, that are often drab, ground feeding insectivores of open country.

piss /pɪs/ n
mîz
(occasionally, vulgar, usually, _, uncountable, swear word) Urine. [from 14th c.]

piss /pɪs/ v
mîstin

pissed /pɪst/ adj
pisîk
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, mildly, _, vulgar, colloquial) Drunk.

pistachio /pɪsˈtæʃi.əʊ/ /pɪsˈtæʃioʊ/ /pɪsˈtɑʃioʊ/ n
fistiq
The nutlike fruit of this tree.

pit /pɪt/ [pʰɪʔt] n
kevir
(Northern US) A seed inside a fruit; a stone or pip inside a fruit.

pit viper n
maregîska şanikdar
Any of various venomous snakes, of the subfamily Crotalinae, found in Asia and the Americas, with a deep pit or fossa on either side of the head that enables them to detect prey by infrared.

pitch /pɪt͡ʃ/ n
benîştê qajê
A sticky, gummy substance secreted by trees; sap.
perde
(music, phonetics) The perceived frequency of a sound or note.
teyfik
(nautical, aviation) The degree to which a vehicle, especially a ship or aircraft, rotates on such an axis, tilting its bow or nose up or down. Compare with roll, yaw, and heave.
qat
A level or degree, or (by extension) , a peak or highest degree.

pitch /pɪt͡ʃ/ v
avêtin
(transitive) To throw.
(transitive) To throw away; discard.
hilketin
(transitive) To assemble or erect (a tent). Also used figuratively.
girtin
(with on or upon) To fix one's choice.
ketin
(intransitive) To plunge or fall; especially, to fall forward; to decline or slope.

pitfall /ˈpɪtfɔl/ /ˈpɪtfɔːl/ n
dab
(figurative) A potential, unsuspected, hidden problem, hazard, or danger that is easily encountered but not immediately obvious.

pith /pɪθ/ n
dil
The essential or vital part of something; the essence.

pituitary /pɪˈtjuːɪt(ə)ɹi/ /pɪˈtuɪˌtɛɹi/ /pɪˈt͡ʃuːɪt(ə)ɹi/ n
hîpofîz
(anatomy) The pituitary gland together with the pituitary stalk.

pivot /ˈpɪv.ət/ n
dingil
A thing on which something turns; specifically a metal pointed pin or short shaft in machinery, such as the end of an axle or spindle.

pizza /ˈpiːt.sə/ [ˈpʰit.sə] n
pîza
(uncountable) A baked Italian dish of a thinly rolled bread crust typically topped before baking with tomato sauce, cheese, and other ingredients such as meat or vegetables.

pizzeria /ˌpiːt.səˈɹiː.ə/ n
pîzaxane
A restaurant that bakes and sells pizzas.

place /pleɪs/ [pl̥eɪs] n
cîh
The area one occupies, particularly somewhere to sit.
A location or position in space.
A role or purpose; a station.
The position as a member of a sports team.
The position of a contestant in a competition.
erd
Any area of the earth: a region.
meydan
An open space, particularly a city square, market square, or courtyard.
xanî
(often, in street names or addresses) A street, sometimes but not always surrounding a public place, square, or plaza of the same name.
(obsolete) A passage or extract from a book or document.
Numerically, the column counting a certain quantity.

placenta /pləˈsɛntə/ n
pizan
(botany) In flowering plants, the part of the ovary where ovules develop; in non-flowering plants where the spores develop.

plague /pleɪɡ/ /plɛɡ/ [pʰl̥eɪɡ] [pʰɫ̥ɛːɡ] n
weba
(often used with the, sometimes capitalized: the Plague) The bubonic plague, the pestilent disease caused by the virulent bacterium Yersinia pestis.

plain /pleɪn/ [pl̥eɪn] adj
xwerû
Ordinary; lacking adornment or ornamentation; unembellished. [from 14th c.]
Evident to one's senses or reason; manifest, clear, unmistakable. [from 14th c.]

plane /pleɪn/ n
ته‌یاره‌
An airplane; an aeroplane.
çinar
(countable) A deciduous tree of the genus Platanus.

plane tree n
çinar
Any of various trees of the genus Platanus.

planet /ˈplænət/ /ˈplænɪt/ n
gerstêrk

planned economy n
aboriya pilankirî

plant /plænt/ /plɑːnt/ [pʰl̥eənt] [pʰl̥ænt] [pʰl̥ɑːnt] n
nebat
(botany) An organism that is not an animal, especially an organism capable of photosynthesis. Typically a small or herbaceous organism of this kind, rather than a tree.

plasma /ˈplæzmə/ n
plazma
(physics) A state of matter consisting of partially ionized gas and electrons.

plaster of Paris n
mermera avê
A hemihydrate of calcium sulfate, made by calcining gypsum, that hardens when moistened and allowed to dry; used to make casts, molds and sculpture.

plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ [ˈpʰlastɪk] [ˈpʰlæstɪk] n
plastîk
A synthetic, solid, hydrocarbon-based polymer, whether thermoplastic or thermosetting.
(figurative, slang) insincerity; fakeness, or a person who is fake or arrogant, or believes that they are better than the rest of the population.

plate /pleɪt/ [pʰl̥eɪt] n
tas
A slightly curved but almost flat dish from which food is served or eaten.
teyfik
A layer of a material on the surface of something, usually qualified by the type of the material; plating

plateful n
teyfik
The quantity contained on a plate.

platelet n
perikên xwînê
(hematology, cytology) A small colorless disk-shaped particle found in the blood of mammals, which plays an important role in the formation of blood clots.

platform /ˈplætfɔɹm/ /ˈplætfɔːm/ n
bername
(politics, figurative) A political stance on a broad set of issues, which are called planks.

platinum /pləˈtaɪn.əm/ /pləˈtiːn.əm/ /pləˈtɪn.əm/ /ˈplæt.nəm/ /ˈplæt.n̩.əm/ /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/ n
platîn
A whitish grey colour, like that of the metal.

play /pleɪ/ [pʰl̥eɪ̯] n
lîstik
(uncountable) An individual's performance in a sport or game.
(uncountable, informal) Sexual activity or sexual role-playing.
pirbûn
(countable) An instance of watching or listening to media.
(countable, uncountable) An instance or instances of causing media to be watched or heard, such as by broadcasting.

play /pleɪ/ [pʰl̥eɪ̯] v
lê xistin
(intransitive) To act in a manner such that one has fun; to engage in activities expressly for the purpose of recreation or entertainment.
(transitive, intransitive) To perform in (a sport); to participate in (a game).
(transitive, intransitive, especially, of a, person) To produce music using a musical instrument.
(transitive, of a person) To operate (a device or media) so as to cause sound (especially music) or moving pictures to be produced.
(AAVE, intransitive) To kid; to joke; to say something for amusement; to act, or to treat something, unseriously.

play hooky v
daliqandin
(idiomatic, US) To play truant; to avoid (informally: skip) school, work, or other duties (stay away from these without permission nor an excuse); to skive or to bunk off (UK);

playback n
pirbûn
The replaying of something previously recorded, especially sound or moving images.

player /ˈpleɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈpleɪɚ/ n
muzîkvan
(music) One who plays on a musical instrument.
xwendevan
(computing) A software application that plays audio and/or video media, such as a media player.
(electronics) An electronic device that plays audio and/or video media.
yarîker
(gambling) A gambler.
One who plays any game or sport.

playground /ˈpleɪɡɹaʊnd/ n
leyzgeh
(outdoors) A large open space for children to play in, usually having dedicated play equipment (such as swings and slides). [1780]

plaything n
lîstok
A thing or person intended for playing with.

plaza /ˈplæzə/ /ˈplɑːzə/ n
meydan
A town's public square.

plead /pliːd/ /plɛd/ v
anîn pêş
(ambitransitive, copulative) To present (an argument or a plea), especially in a legal case.

pleasant /ˈplɛzənt/ adj
xweş
Giving pleasure; pleasing in manner.

please /pliz/ /pliːz/ adv
sipas
Used to make a polite request.
spas
Used as an affirmative to an offer.

pleasing /ˈplizɪŋ/ /ˈpliːzɪŋ/ adj
xweş
Agreeable; giving pleasure, cheer, enjoyment or gratification.

pleasure /ˈplɛʒə/ /ˈplɛʒɚ/ n
zewq
(uncountable) A state of being pleased or contented; gratification.
kêf
(countable) A person, thing or action that causes enjoyment.

pledge /plɛd͡ʒ/ n
ehd
A solemn promise to do something.

pledge /plɛd͡ʒ/ v
sond xwarin
To make a solemn promise (to do something).

plentiful /ˈplɛntɪfl̩/ adj
mişe
Existing in large number or ample amount.

plenty /ˈplɛnti/ [ˈplɛni] [ˈplɛɾ̃i] [ˈplɪni] [ˈplɪɾ̃i] n
adanî
A more-than-adequate amount.

plethora /plɪˈθɔːɹə/ /ˈplɛðəɹə/ /ˈplɛθəɹə/ n
pirrjimar
(usually, followed by of) An excessive amount or number; an abundance.

plight /plaɪt/ n
kavdan
(now, _, rare) A (neutral) condition or state. [from 14th c.]

plough /plaʊ/ n
cot
A device pulled through the ground in order to break it open into furrows for planting.

plough /plaʊ/ v
ji dest hatin
(transitive, vulgar) To have sex with; to penetrate.

ploughing n
cot

ploughshare n
gêsin
(British spelling) The cutting edge of a plow, typically a metal blade.

plowshare n
gêsin
(American spelling) The cutting edge of a plow, typically a metal blade.

pluck /plʊk/ /plʌk/ v
jêkirin
(transitive) To pull something sharply; to pull something out

plug /plʌɡ/ v
girtin
(transitive) To stop with a plug; to make tight by stopping a hole.

plum /plʌm/ n
hilûk
An edible, fleshy stone fruit of Prunus domestica (European plum), often of a dark red or purple colour. [from 8th c.]

plume /ˈpljuːm/ /ˈplum/ /ˈpluːm/ n
pûrt
(archaic, literary, and, poetic) A feather of a bird, especially a large or showy one used as a decoration.
ewr
A cloud formed by a dispersed substance fanning out or spreading.
An upward spray of mist or water.

plummet /ˈplʌmət/ /ˈplʌmɪt/ v
daketin
(intransitive) To drop swiftly, in a direct manner; to fall quickly.

plunder /ˈplən-/ /ˈplʌndə/ /ˈplʌndɚ/ v
dizî kirin
(intransitive) To take by force or wrongfully; to commit robbery or looting, to raid.

plural /ˈpljʊə.ɹəl/ /ˈpluːɹəl/ /ˈplɔː.ɹəl/ /ˈplɝ.əl/ /ˈplʉːɹəl/ /ˈplʊə.ɹəl/ /ˈplʊɚ.əl/ n
pirrjimar
(grammar, countable) A word in the form in which it potentially refers to something other than one person or thing; and other than two things if the language has a dual form.

plus /plʌs/ /pɫɐs/ preposition
û
And; sum of the previous one and the following one.
(colloquial) With; having in addition.

plutonium /pluːˈtoʊniəm/ n
plutonyûm
The transuranic chemical element with atomic number 94 and symbol Pu: a silvery-gray fissile radioactive actinide metal that tarnishes when exposed to air.

pneumonia /njuˈməʊniə/ /nuˈmoʊniə/ /nəˈmoʊniə/ /nəˈmoʊnjə/ n
pneumonia
An acute or chronic inflammation of the lungs caused by viruses, bacteria or other microorganisms, or sometimes by physical or chemical irritants.

pocket /ˈpɑ.kət/ /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ /ˈpɒ.kɪt/ /ˈpɔ.kɪt/ n
girfan
A bag stitched to an item of clothing, used for carrying small items.

pod /ˈpɑd/ /ˈpɒd/ n
dibîstan
(collective, zoology) A group of whales, dolphins, seals, porpoises or hippopotami.

poem /pojəm/ /poʊm/ /pɔɪm/ /ˈpoʊəm/ /ˈpoʊɪm/ /ˈpɔʊ(ə)m/ /ˈpɔː.ɪm/ /ˈpəʊəm/ /ˈpəʊɪm/ [ˈpo(ʊ̯)ɪm] [ˈpʰo(ʊ̯)m] [ˈpʰo(ʊ̯)m̩] [ˈpʰo(ʊ̯)əm] [ˈpʰəʊ̯ɪm] n
helbest
A literary piece written in verse.
A piece of writing in the tradition of poetry, an instance of poetry.

poet /ˈpoʊ.ət/ /ˈpoʊ.ɪt/ /ˈpəʊ.ɪt/ [ˈpʰoʊ̯ɪ̈(ʔ)t̚] n
helbestvan
A person who writes poems.

poetry /ˈpoʊətɹi/ /ˈpəʊɪtɹi/ [ˈpəʊʷətɹɪ] [ˈpʰoʊ̯.ətˌɹi] n
helbest
Literature composed in verse or language exhibiting conscious attention to patterns and rhythm.
A poet's literary production.

point /pɔɪnt/ n
nîvgirav
nuqte
(mathematics, science) A zero-dimensional mathematical object representing a location in one or more dimensions; something considered to have position but no magnitude or direction. [from 14th c.]
(sports, video games, board games) A unit of scoring in a game or competition. [from 18th c.]
A specific location or place, seen as a spatial position. [from 14th c.]
xal
Something tiny, as a pinprick; a very small mark. [from 15th c.]
wate
A focus of conversation or consideration; the main idea.
ziman
(backgammon) Each of the twelve triangular positions in either table of a backgammon board, on which the stones are played. [from 15th c.]

pointed /ˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj
tûj
(comparable) Sharp, barbed; not dull.
(comparable) Having a relevance to the matter at hand: pertinent, relevant.
(comparable, of a comment or inference) Directed negatively at a person or topic.

poise /pɔɪz/ n
îtîdal
A state of balance, equilibrium or stability.

poison /ˈpɔɪz(ə)n/ n
jehr jar
A substance that is harmful or lethal to a living organism when ingested.

poisonous /ˈpɔɪznəs/ /ˈpɔɪzənəs/ adj
axûdar
Containing sufficient poison to be dangerous to touch or ingest.

polar bear n
hirçên spî
A hypercarnivorous species of bear, Ursus maritimus, whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle.

pole /pol/ /poʊl/ /pɐʉl/ /pəʊl/ [pʰoəɫ] [pʰoɫ] [pʰoʊɫ] [pʰɒʊɫ] n
cemser
A point of magnetic focus, especially each of the two opposing such points of a magnet (designated north and south).

police /pəˈliːs/ /ˈpl̩iːs/ /ˈpoʊ.liːs/ [pʰə̆ˈliˑs] n
polîs پۆلیس
(North America, &, _, historical) A department of local (usually municipal) government responsible for general law enforcement.

police officer n
polîs

police station n
polîsxane
A building serving as the headquarters of a branch of the police force, and sometimes as a temporary place of confinement for offenders.

policewoman n
polîs
A female police officer.

policy /ˈpɑləsi/ /ˈpɒləsi/ /ˈpɒlɪsi/ n
polîs
(law)
A contract of insurance.
A document containing or certifying this contract.

polish /ˈpɑ.lɪʃ/ /ˈpɒl.ɪʃ/ v
biriqandin
(transitive) To shine; to make a surface very smooth or shiny by rubbing, cleaning, or grinding.

polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj
delal
Well-mannered, civilized.

politely /pəˈlaɪtli/ adv
bi kibarî
in a polite manner

politeness /pəˈlaɪtnəs/ n
ciwanikî
The quality of being polite.

political party n
پارتی
A political organization that subscribes to a certain ideology and seeks to attain political power through representation in government.

political science n
siyasetnasî
The analytical study of public policy and policies, past, present, and prospective.

pollen /ˈpɑlən/ /ˈpɒlən/ n
ger
A fine, granular substance produced in flowers.

pollical adj
beranek
(anatomy) of the thumb

polo /ˈpoʊloʊ/ /ˈpəʊ.ləʊ/ /ˈpəʊl.əʊ/ [ˈpɒʊɫəʊ] [ˈpəʊləʊ] n
çovgan
(uncountable) A ball game where two teams of players on horseback use long-handled mallets to propel the ball along the ground and into their opponent's goal.

polo shirt /ˈpoʊloʊ ˌʃɝt/ /ˈpəʊləʊ ˌʃɜːt/ n
çovgan
A casual, usually short-sleeved, shirt with a protruding collar and a small number of buttons extending a short distance below the collar (and not all the way down the front of the shirt).

polonium /pəˈloʊni.əm/ /pəˈləʊni.əm/ n
polonyûm
A rare, highly radioactive chemical element (symbol Po) with atomic number 84.

poltroon /polˈtɹun/ /pɑlˈtɹun/ /pɒlˈtɹuːn/ /pɔlˈtɹun/ n
bêzirav
An ignoble or total coward; a dastard; a mean-spirited wretch.

polyglot /ˈpɑlɪˌɡlɑt/ /ˈpɒlɪɡlɒt/ /ˈpɔlɪɡlɔt/ adj
pirzimanî
Of a person: speaking, or versed in, many languages; multilingual.
Containing, or made up of, several languages; specifically, of a book (especially a bible): having text translated into several languages.

polygon /ˈpɑliɡɑn/ /ˈpɒliɡɒn/ /ˈpɒlɪɡən/ n
pirgoşe
(geometry) A plane figure bounded by edges that are all straight lines.

pomegranate /ˈpɑməˌɡɹænət/ /ˈpɑmɪˌɡɹænɪt/ /ˈpɑmˌɡɹænət/ /ˈpɒmɪ(ˌ)ɡɹænɪt/ n
hinar nar
The fruit of the Punica granatum, about the size of an orange with a thick, hard, reddish skin enclosing many seeds, each with an edible pink or red pulp tasting both sweet and tart.
darhinar hinar
The shrub or small tree that bears the fruit.

pommel horse n
bergîl
An apparatus for gymnastic exercises with a cylindrical body covered with leather and two upright pommels, as hand grips, near the centre; held upright with adjustable legs.
An athletic event in which the pommel horse is used.

pompadour /ˈpɑːmpədɔːɹ/ /ˈpɒmpədɔː/ /ˈpɒmpədʊə/ n
mûz
A women's hairstyle in which the hair is swept upwards from the face and worn high over the forehead.

ponderous /ˈpɑn.dɚ.əs/ /ˈpɒn.dəɹ.əs/ adj
dijwar
Dull, boring, tedious; long-winded in expression.

pons /ˈpoʊnz/ /ˈpɑnz/ /ˈpɒnz/ /ˈpəʊnz/ n
pir
(neuroanatomy) A band of nerve fibres, from the Latin term pōns Varoliī, within the brain stem.

ponytail /ˈpoʊniˌteɪl/ n
dûv
A hairstyle where the hair is pulled back and tied into a single "tail" which hangs down behind the head.

poo /pu/ /puː/ n
گوو

poo poo n
گوو
(childish) (A piece of) excrement.
(childing) Defecation.

pooch /puːt͡ʃ/ n
kûçik
(slang) A dog.

poof /puːf/ /pʊf/ [puːɸ] n
amojin
(UK, Australia, NZ, Irish, Commonwealth, derogatory, colloquial) A gay man; especially one who is effeminate.

pool /pul/ /puːl/ /pʉl/ [pʰuəɫ] [pʰuɫ] n
birka
Any small body of standing or stagnant water; a puddle.
grûb
A supply of resources.

poop /puːp/ n
navik
(internet slang) Clipping of YouTube poop (“video mashup”).

poor /poʊ/ /poː/ /puːɹ/ /pɔɹ/<a:pour-poor> /pɔː/<a:pour-poor> /pʉːɹ/ /pʊə/<a:non-pour-poor> /pʊɚ/<a:non-pour-poor> /pʊɹ/ /ˈpʊ(ː)ə(r)/ ; adj
feqîr
With no or few possessions or money, particularly in relation to contemporaries who do have them.
Of low quality.
(attributive, _, only) Worthy of pity.
hindik
Inadequate, insufficient.

poor /poʊ/ /poː/ /puːɹ/ /pɔɹ/<a:pour-poor> /pɔː/<a:pour-poor> /pʉːɹ/ /pʊə/<a:non-pour-poor> /pʊɚ/<a:non-pour-poor> /pʊɹ/ /ˈpʊ(ː)ə(r)/ ; n
xizan
(plural only) The poor people of a society or the world collectively, the poor class of a society.

poor thing n
xizan
Someone or something to be pitied

poot interjection
fis
A mild expression of disgust or frustration.

pop /pɑp/ /pɒp/ n
bav
(colloquial, affectionate) One's father.

pope /poʊp/ /pəʊp/ n
papa
(Roman Catholicism, _, &, _, generally) An honorary title of the Roman Catholic bishop of Rome as father and head of his church, a sovereign of the Vatican city state.

poplar /ˈpɑ.plɚ/ /ˈpɒp.lə(ɹ)/ n
hewr
Any of various deciduous trees of the genus Populus.

poppy /ˈpɑpi/ /ˈpɒpi/ n
gulebûk
Any plant of the genus Papaver or the family Papaveraceae, with crumpled, often red, petals and a milky juice having narcotic properties; especially a common poppy or corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas) which has orange-red flowers; the flower of such a plant.
(chiefly, Australia, Britain, Canada) A simple artificial poppy flower worn in a buttonhole or displayed in other contexts to remember those who died in the two World Wars and other armed conflicts, especially around Remembrance Day/Remembrance Sunday.

popular /ˈpɑpjəlɚ/ /ˈpɒpjʊlə/ adj
aborî
Adapted to the means of the common people; cheap. [from 19th c.]

population /ˌpɑ.pjəˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌpɒp.juːˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌpɒp.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
gelhe
A count of the number of residents within a political or geographical boundary such as a town, a nation or the world.
(biology) A collection of organisms of a particular species, sharing a particular characteristic of interest, most often that of living in a given area.

population density n
berbilavî
Average population per unit area; especially, the average number of people who live per square kilometer (or square mile) of land.

pore /po(ː)ɹ/ /poə/ /pɔɹ/ /pɔː/ n
tirs
A tiny opening in the skin.

pork /po(ː)ɹk/ /poək/ /poɹk/ /pɔːk/ n
beraz
(mostly, uncountable) The meat of a pig.

porous /ˈpɔːɹəs/ adj
kunkunî
Full of tiny pores that allow fluids or gasses to pass through.

port /po(ː)ɹt/ /poət/ /pɔɹt/ /pɔːt/ adj
gemîgeh
(nautical) Of or relating to port, the left-hand side of a vessel when facing the bow.

port /po(ː)ɹt/ /poət/ /pɔɹt/ /pɔːt/ n
gemîgeh
A place on the coast at which ships can shelter, or dock to load and unload cargo or passengers.
An opening or doorway in the side of a ship, especially for boarding or loading; an embrasure through which a cannon may be discharged; a porthole.
dergeh
(nautical, aviation, uncountable) The left-hand side of a vessel, including aircraft, when one is facing the front. Used to unambiguously refer to directions relative to the vessel structure, rather than to a person or object on board.
An opening where a connection (such as a pipe) is made.
A logical or physical construct in and from which data are transferred. Computer port on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

port /po(ː)ɹt/ /poət/ /pɔɹt/ /pɔːt/ v
gemîgeh
(military) To hold or carry (a weapon) with both hands so that it lays diagonally across the front of the body, with the barrel or similar part near the left shoulder and the right hand grasping the small of the stock; or, to throw (the weapon) into this position on command.
dergeh
(computing, video games) To adapt, modify, or create a new version of, a program so that it works on a different platform.

portal /ˈpɔːtəl/ /ˈpɔːɹtəl/ [ˈpʰɔːɹɾɫ̩] n
derî
(anatomy) A short vein that carries blood into the liver.

portend /pɔɹˈtɛnd/ /pɔːˈtɛnd/ v
zanîn
(transitive) To serve as a warning or omen of.

porter /ˈpo(ː)ɹtɚ/ /ˈpoətə/ /ˈpɔɹtɚ/ /ˈpɔːtə/ n
باربه‌ر
A person who carries luggage and related objects.

portion /ˈpoəɹʃən/ /ˈpoɹʃən/ /ˈpoːɹʃən/ /ˈpɔɹʃən/ /ˈpɔːʃən/ n
parçe
An allocated amount.

portmanteau /pɔːtˈmæn.təʊ/ /pɔːɹtˈmæntoʊ/ /ˌpɔːɹtmænˈtoʊ/ n
bawil
A large travelling case usually made of leather, and opening into two equal sections.

portrait /ˈpoətɹeɪt/<a:rare> /ˈpoətɹɪt/ /ˈpoʊɹtɹeɪt/<a:rare> /ˈpoʊɹtɹət/ /ˈpɔɹtɹeɪt/ /ˈpɔɹtɹət/ /ˈpɔːtɹeɪt/ /ˈpɔːtɹɪt/ ; n
wêne
(countable) A painting or other picture of a person, especially the head and shoulders.
(computing, printing) A print orientation where the vertical sides are longer than the horizontal sides.
şayesandin
(countable, figuratively) An accurate depiction of a person, a mood, etc.

position /pəˈzɪʃ.(ə)n/ n
erk
A post of employment; a job.

positive /-ɾɪv/ /ˈpɑzɪtɪv/ /ˈpɒzɪtɪv/ adj
baş erênî
(law) Formally laid down. [from the 14th c.]
başbîn
Optimistic. [from the 20th c.]

positively /ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɪv.li/ /ˈpɒz.ɪ.tɪv.li/ /ˌpɑ.zɪˈtɪv.li/ /ˌpɒz.ɪˈtɪv.li/ adv
baş erênî
(manner) In a positive manner.

possess /pəˈzɛs/ v
hebûn
To have (something) as, or as if as, an owner; to have, to own.

possession /pəˈzɛʃən/ n
baş
Something that is owned.

possessive /pəˈzɛsɪv/ adj
xwedîtî
(grammar) Indicating ownership, possession, origin, etc.

possessive case n
genetîv
(grammar) case used to express direct possession, ownership, origin, etc. Though similar in many ways to the genitive case, it is not always the same. Languages that have the possessive case include English and Quenya.

possessive suffix n
qertafê xwedîbûnê
(linguistics) A suffix that indicates possession, occurs in some Uralic, Turkic, Semitic and Indo-European languages.

possibility /ˌpɑ.səˈbɪl.ə.ɾi/ /ˌpɒs.ɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
îmkan
The quality of being possible.

possible /ˈpɑ.sə.bl̩/ /ˈpɒ.sɪ.bl̩/ adj
mimkin
(usually, not comparable) Able but not certain to happen; neither inevitable nor impossible.

possibly /ˈpɑsəbli/ /ˈpɒsɪbli/ adv
belkî
gengaz
(modifying a verb) In the realm of possibility; indicates that the action may successfully be performed (is not impossible) regardless of any facts or circumstances known to, stated by or implied by the speaker that might limit the performance.

post /poʊst/ /pəʊst/ n
پۆسته‌
(obsolete) Each of a series of men stationed at specific places along a postroad, with responsibility for relaying letters and dispatches of the monarch (and later others) along the route. [16th–17th c.]
(dated) A station, or one of a series of stations, established for the refreshment and accommodation of travellers on some recognized route.
(UK, Australia, New Zealand) A single delivery of letters; the letters or deliveries that make up a single batch delivered to one person or one address. [from 17th c.]

post /poʊst/ /pəʊst/ v
şandin
(UK, Australia, New Zealand) To send (an item of mail etc.) through the postal service. [from 19th c.]
(Internet) To publish (a message) to a newsgroup, forum, blog, etc. [from 20th c.]

post mortem n
otopsî
An investigation of a corpse to determine the cause of death.

post office /ˈpoʊst ˌɑfɪs/ /ˈpoʊst ˌɔfɪs/ /ˈpəʊst ˌɒfɪs/ n
پۆسته‌
(countable) A place (building, office, shop, or counter) concerned with the business of delivering letters, post or mail and selling stamps, etc.

postage stamp n
پوول
A small piece of printed paper stuck on an item to be mailed, indicating that postage has been paid.

posterity /pɒˈstɛɹɪti/ n
nifş
All the future generations, especially the descendants of a specific person.

postpone /poʊstˈpoʊn/ v
دوای ئه‌خات
To delay or put off an event, appointment, etc.

postponement n
دوای ئه‌خات
A delay, as a formal delay in a proceeding.

posture /ˈpɑst͡ʃɚ/ /ˈpɒstʃə/ n
rawest
(rare) The position of someone or something relative to another; position; situation.

pot /pɑt/ /pɒt/ /pɔt/ n
قازان
A vessel used for brewing or serving drinks: a coffeepot or teapot.
(historical) Any of various traditional units of volume notionally based on the capacity of a pot.

pot /pɑt/ /pɒt/ /pɔt/ v
avetin
(intransitive, dated) To take a pot shot, or haphazard shot, with a firearm.

potassium /pəˈtæsiəm/ n
qelye
A soft, waxy, silvery reactive metal that is never found unbound in nature; an element (symbol K) with an atomic number of 19 and atomic weight of 39.0983. The symbol is derived from the Latin kalium.

potato /pəˈteɪ.toʊ/ /pəˈteɪ.təʊ/ [pə̥ˈtʰeɪtʰəʊ] [pə̥ˈtʰeɪɾoʊ] [pə̥ˈtʰeɪɾə] n
kartol petat
The tuber of a plant, Solanum tuberosum, eaten as a starchy vegetable, particularly in the Americas and Europe; this plant.

potbelly n
navik
A large, swollen, or protruding abdomen; a paunch. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]

potency /ˈpəʊtənsi/ n
karîn
Power, authority.

potent /ˈpoʊt(ə)nt/ /ˈpəʊt(ə)nt/ [-n̩ʔ] [ˈpʰoʊ̯ʔn̩t] adj
bihêz
Powerful; possessing power; effective.

potentate /ˈpoʊ.tən.teɪt/ /ˈpəʊ.tən.teɪt/ n
deshilatdar
A powerful leader; a monarch; a ruler.

pouch /paʊt͡ʃ/ n
girfan
A small bag usually closed with a drawstring.
(zoology) An organic pocket in which a marsupial carries its young.

poult /poʊlt/ /pɒlt/ /pəʊlt/ n
kurr
A young bird, a chick; now especially, a young game bird (turkey, partridge, grouse etc.). [from 14th c.]

pound /paʊnd/ n
kitêb
A unit of mass equal to 16 avoirdupois ounces (= 453.592 g). Today this value is the most common meaning of "pound" as a unit of weight.
A unit of currency in various currency systems
Any of various units of currency formerly used in the United States.

pour /paʊəɹ/ /paʊɹ/ /po(ː)ɹ/ /poə/ /pɔɹ/ /pɔː/ v
dan
(transitive, figurative) To send out as in a stream or a flood; to cause (an emotion) to come out; to cause to escape.

poverty /ˈpɑːvɚti/ /ˈpɒvəti/ n
hejarî
The quality or state of being poor; lack of money

poverty-stricken adj
belingaz
Very poor.

powder /ˈpaʊ.də(ɹ)/ n
toz
The fine particles which are the result of reducing a dry substance by pounding, grinding, or triturating, or the result of decay; dust.
(cosmetics) A mixture of fine dry, sweet-smelling particles applied to the face or other body parts, to reduce shine or to alleviate chaffing.

power /ˈpaʊ̯.ə/ /ˈpaʊ̯.ɚ/ /ˈpaʊ̯ə̯/ /ˈpaʊ̯ɹ/ /ˈpæʊ̯.ə/ [ˈpæɔ̯ə] [ˈpʰaə] [ˈpʰaʊ̯ɚ] [ˈpʰaʊ̯ɹ] [ˈpʰaː] [ˈpʰæʊ̯ə] [ˈpʰɑː] [ˈpʰɛəː] n
karîn
(countable) The ability to affect or influence.
(social) The ability to coerce, influence, or control.
Control or coercion, particularly legal or political (jurisdiction).
ceyran
Electricity or a supply of electricity.
hêz
A product of equal factors (and generalizations of this notion): x^n, read as "x to the power of n" or the like, is called a power and denotes the product x \times x \times \cdots \times x, where x appears n times in the product; x is called the base and n the exponent.

power station n
hêzgeh
An industrial complex where electricity is produced.

powerful /ˈpaʊəfəl/ /ˈpaʊɚfəl/ adj
xurt
Having, or capable of exerting, power or influence.

practical joke n
henek
A playful trick done for amusement to the detriment of someone else.

practically /ˈpɹæktɪk(ə)li/ adv
teqrîben
Almost completely; almost entirely.

practice /ˈpɹæktɪs/ n
bedenparêzî
Repetition of an activity to improve a skill.

prairie /ˈpɹɛəɹi/ [ˈpɹɛɹi] n
mêrg
An extensive area of relatively flat grassland with few, if any, trees, especially in North America.

praise /pɹeɪz/ v
pesinandin
To give praise to; to commend, glorify, or worship.

prate /pɹeɪt/ n
pitpit
Talk to little purpose; trifling talk; unmeaningful loquacity.

praxis /ˈpɹæk.sɪs/ n
baw
Custom or established practice.

pray /pɹeɪ/ v
diʼa kirin
(religion) To direct words, thoughts, or one's attention to a deity or any higher being, for the sake of adoration, thanks, petition for help, etc.
(obsolete) To ask earnestly for; to seek to obtain by supplication; to entreat for.

prayer /pɹɛə(ɹ)/ /pɹɛɚ/ /ˈpɹeɪəɹ/ /ˈpɹɛɹ/ n
dua nivêj
(uncountable) A practice of communicating with one's God, or with some spiritual entity.
dua
The specific words or methods used for praying.

prayer beads n
tizbî
A string of beads used by members of various religions to count prayers, chants or devotions.

preamble /ˈpɹiˌæmbəl/ /ˈpɹiːˌambəl/ n
ketin
A short preliminary statement or remark, especially an explanatory introduction to a formal document or statute.

precarious /pɹɪˈkɛə.ɹɪ.əs/ /pɹɪˈkɛɚ.i.əs/ adj
talûke
(comparable) Dangerously insecure or unstable; perilous.

precaution /pɹiːˈkɑ.ʃən/ /pɹiːˈkɔ.ʃən/ /pɹiːˈkɔː.ʃən/ /pɹiːˈkɔːʃən/ /pɹɪˈkɑ.ʃən/ [pɹiːˈkɑ.ʃn̩] [pɹɪˈkɑ.ʃn̩] n
bergirî
Previous caution or care; caution previously employed to prevent misfortune or to secure good

precipice /ˈpɹɛs.ə.pɪs/ /ˈpɹɛsɪpɪs/ n
tat
A very steep cliff.

precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃən/ n
barîn
(meteorology) Any or all of the forms of water particles, whether liquid or solid, that fall from the upper atmosphere (e.g., rain, hail, snow or sleet). It is a major class of hydrometeor, but it is distinguished from cloud, fog, dew, rime, frost, etc., in that it must fall. It is distinguished from cloud and virga in that it must reach the ground.

predicament /pɹɪˈdɪkəmənt/ n
dersxane
A definite class, state or condition.

predicate /ˈpɹɛd.ɪ.kət/ /ˈpɹɛd.ɪ.kɪt/ n
pêveber
(grammar) The part of the sentence (or clause) which states a property that a subject has or is characterized by.

predict /pɹɪˈdɪkt/ v
hizr kirin
(transitive) To make a prediction: to forecast, foretell, or estimate a future event on the basis of knowledge and reasoning; to prophesy a future event on the basis of mystical knowledge or power.

predisposition /ˌpridɪspəˈzɪʃən/ /ˌpriːdɪspəˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ n
ڕه‌وه‌ت
The state of being predisposed or susceptible to something, especially to a behavior or a health condition.

preference /ˈpɹɛf(ə)ɹ(ə)ns/ /ˈpɹɛf(ə)ɹɛns/ n
preferans
The option to so select, and the one selected.
The state of being preferred over others.
A strong liking or personal valuation.
A preferential bias; partiality; discrimination.

prefix /pɹiːˈfɪks/ /pɹɛˈfɪks/ /ˈpɹiːfɪks/ n
pêşdanî
(grammar, linguistic morphology) A morpheme added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning, for example as, pre- in prefix, con- in conjure, re- in reheat, etc.

pregnancy /ˈpɹɛɡnənsi/ n
ducanî
The period of time this condition prevails.

prehistoric adj
pêşdîrokî
(properly) Of or relating to the epoch before written record.

prehistory n
prehîstorya
The time before written records in any area of the world; the events and conditions of those times.

prelude /ˈpɹeɪl(j)uːd/ /ˈpɹiːl(j)uːd/ /ˈpɹiːluːd/ /ˈpɹɛl(j)uːd/ /ˈpɹɛlɪu̯d/ n
ketin
An introductory or preliminary performance or event.

premier /pɹɪˈmɪəɹ/ /ˈpɹemjə/ /ˈpɹimjɚ/ /ˈpɹɛ.mi.ə/ /ˈpɹɛ.mi.ɛː/ /ˈpɹɛm.jə/ /ˈpɹɛm.jɛː/ adj
ewil
Foremost; first or highest in quality or degree.

prepare /pɹəˈpɛ(ə)ɹ/ /pɹɪˈpɛ(ə)ɹ/ /pɹɪˈpɛə/ /pɹɪˈpɛː/ v
amade kirin
(transitive) To make ready for a specific future purpose; to set up; to assemble or equip.
(transitive) To make ready for eating or drinking; to cook.
hatin hazirkirin
(intransitive) To make oneself ready; to get ready, make preparation.

preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ n
daçek
(grammar, strict sense) Any of a class of non-inflecting words and multiword terms typically employed to connect a following noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense, with some other word: a particle used with a noun or pronoun (in English always in the objective case) to make a phrase limiting some other word.

prescription /pɝˈskɹɪpʃən/ /pɹəˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
nusxe
(medicine, pharmacy, pharmacology) A written order from an authorized medical practitioner for provision of a medicine or other treatment, such as (ophthalmology) the specific lenses needed for a pair of glasses.

present /pɹiˈzɛnt/ /pɹəˈzɛnt/ /pɹɪˈzɛnt/ /ˈpɹɛzənt/ adj
niha
Relating to now, for the time being; current.
Relating to something a person is referring to in the very context, with a deictic use similar to the demonstrative adjective this.

present /pɹiˈzɛnt/ /pɹəˈzɛnt/ /pɹɪˈzɛnt/ /ˈpɹɛzənt/ n
niha
The current moment or period of time.

present /pɹiˈzɛnt/ /pɹəˈzɛnt/ /pɹɪˈzɛnt/ /ˈpɹɛzənt/ v
pêşkêş kirin
To bring (someone) into the presence of (a person); to introduce formally. [from 14th c.]

present tense n
niha
(grammar) A grammatical tense whose principal function is to locate a situation or event in the present time.

presentation /pɹisɛnˈteɪʃən/ /ˌpɹizənˈteɪʃən/ /ˌpɹɛzənˈteɪʃən/ n
daberîn
The act of presenting, or something presented.

preserve /pɹəˈzɜːv/ /pɹəˈzɝv/ n
marmelad
A sweet spread made of any of a variety of fruits.

preserve /pɹəˈzɜːv/ /pɹəˈzɝv/ v
parastin
To protect; to keep from harm or injury.

preside /pɹɪˈzaɪd/ v
rarê xistin
(intransitive) To act as president or chairperson.

president /ˈpɹɛzɪdənt/ n
serok
The head of state of a republic.

pressure /ˈpɹɛʃə(ɹ)/ [ˈpɹɛʃ.ə(ɹ)] [ˈpɹɛʃ.ɚ] n
pesto
(physics) The amount of force that is applied over a given area divided by the size of this area; force per unit area.

pressure cooker n
quşxaneya hilmê
(cookware) A sealed cooking vessel that allows cooking in greater than atmospheric pressure and at a temperature above the boiling point of water.

pretty /ˈpɔɪti/ /ˈpɝti/ /ˈpɹɪti/ /ˈpɹʊti/ [ˈpɹɪɾi] adj
delal
Pleasant to the sight or other senses; attractive, especially of women or children. [from 15th c.]

previously /ˈpɹivi.əsli/ /ˈpɹiːvi.əsli/ adv
له‌مه‌وبه‌ر
(with past-tense constructions) At an earlier time; already.

price /pɹaɪs/ /pɹʌɪs/ n
beha
The cost required to gain possession of something.
[[به‌ها]]
The cost of an action or deed.

price /pɹaɪs/ /pɹʌɪs/ v
meth
(transitive) To determine the monetary value of (an item); to put a price on.
(transitive, obsolete) To set a price on; to value; to prize.

prickle /pɹɪkəl/ n
dirî
A small, sharp pointed object, such as a thorn.

priest /ˈpɹiːst/ [ˈpɹ̥iːst] n
alimê dînî
A religious clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson) who is trained to perform services or sacrifices at a church or temple.

priestess /priːˈstɛs/ /ˈpristɪs/ /ˈpriːstɛs/ n
rehbik
A woman with religious duties and responsibilities in certain religions.

primary /ˈpɹaɪm(ə)ɹiː/ /ˈpɹaɪməɹi/ /ˈpɹaɪˌmɛɹi/ adj
yekem
First or earliest in a group or series.
یه‌که‌م
Main; principal; chief; placed ahead of others.

prime /pɹaɪ̯m/ adj
ewil
First in time, order, or sequence.
(mathematics, lay) Having exactly two integral factors: itself and unity (1 in the case of integers).

prime /pɹaɪ̯m/ n
[[یه‌که‌م]]
(now, _, rare) The earliest stage of something.

prime minister /ˌpɹaɪm ˈmɪnɪstə(ɹ)/ n
serokwezîr
The chief member of the cabinet and head of the government, especially in a parliamentary democracy; often the leader of the majority party.

prime number n
hejmarên hîmî
(number theory) Any natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers.

primer /ˈpɹaɪ.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹaɪmɚ/ n
êm
A substance used to prime wood, metal, etc. in preparation for painting.

primrose /ˈpɹɪm.ɹoʊz/ /ˈpɹɪm.ɹəʊz/ n
bihar
A flowering plant of the genus Primula.
به‌هار
Specifically, the species Primula acaulis (syn. Primula vulgaris), also called common primrose.

prince /pɹɪns/ /pɹɪnts/ n
میر
The (male) ruler or head of a principality. [from 14th c.]
kurrmîr
A male member of a royal family other than the ruler; especially (in the United Kingdom) the son or grandson of the monarch. [from 14th c.]

princess /pɹɪnˈsɛs/ /ˈpɹɪnsɛs/ /ˈpɹɪnsɪs/ n
dotmîr
A female member of a royal family other than a queen, especially a daughter or granddaughter of a monarch. [from 14th c.]

principle /ˈpɹɪnsəpəl/ /ˈpɹɪnsɪpəl/ n
qanûn
(physics) A rule or law of nature, or the basic idea on how the laws of nature are applied.

printer /ˈpɹɪn(t)ɚ/ /ˈpɹɪntə(ɹ)/ [ˈpʰɹɪɾ̃ɚ] n
çaper
(now chiefly, _, computer hardware) A device, usually attached to a computer, used to print text or images onto paper; an analogous device capable of producing three-dimensional objects.

prior to preposition
berî
(formal) before, previous to.

priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/ /pɹaɪˈɔɹɪti/ n
giringî
An item's relative importance.

prison /ˈpɹɪzən/ [pʰɹ̠̊ɪzn̩] n
girtîgeh
A place or institution where people are held against their will, in the US especially for long-term confinement, as of those convicted of serious crimes or otherwise considered undesirable by the government.
(uncountable) Confinement in prison.

privacy /ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/ /ˈpɹɪv.ə.si/ n
aştî
(uncountable) Freedom from unwanted or undue disturbance of one's private life.

private /ˈpɹaɪ.vət/ /ˈpɹaɪ.vɪt/ adj
تایبه‌تی
Belonging or pertaining to an individual person, group of people, or entity that is not the state.
raz
Not publicly known or divulged; secret, confidential; (of a message) intended only for a specific person or group.

private /ˈpɹaɪ.vət/ /ˈpɹaɪ.vɪt/ n
esker
A soldier of the lowest rank in the army.

prize /pɹaɪz/ v
meth
To consider highly valuable; to esteem.

pro /pɹoʊ/ /pɹəʊ/ preposition
binavê
In favor of.

probably /ˈpɹɑbli/ /ˈpɹɑbəbli/ /ˈpɹɑəbli/ /ˈpɹɒbli/ /ˈpɹɒbəbli/ adv
mihtemelen
In all likelihood.

procedure /pɹəˈsid͡ʒɚ/ /pɹəˈsiːd͡ʒə/ n
dirb
A particular method for performing a task.

proceed /pɹəˈsid/ /pɹəˈsiːd/ v
dewam kirin
(intransitive) To go on in an orderly or regulated manner; to begin and carry on a series of acts or measures; to act methodically

process /-əs/ /ˈpɹoʊsɛs/ /ˈpɹɑsɛs/ /ˈpɹəʊsɛs/ n
demajo
A series of events which produce a result (the product).

procession /pɹəˈsɛʃən/ n
zincîr
A number of things happening in sequence (in space or in time).

proclaim /pɹoʊˈkleɪm/ /pɹəʉˈklæɪm/ /pɹəʊˈkleɪm/ v
agahdar kirin
To announce or declare.

proclamation /ˌpɹɑkləˈmeɪʃən/ /ˌpɹɒkləˈmeɪʃən/ n
beyan
A statement which is proclaimed; formal public announcement.

prodigy /ˈpɹɑdɪd͡ʒi/ /ˈpɹɒdɪd͡ʒi/ n
derhoze
An amazing or marvellous thing; a wonder. [from 17th c.]

product /ˈpɹɑ.dəkt/ /ˈpɹɑ.dʌkt/ /ˈpɹɒd.əkt/ /ˈpɹɒd.ʌkt/ n
ber
(chemistry) A chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
A consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances.
Any tangible or intangible good or service that is a result of a process and that is intended for delivery to a customer or end user.
(countable, uncountable) A commodity offered for sale.
encam
(mathematics) Any operation or a result thereof which generalises multiplication of numbers, like the multiplicative operation in a ring, product of types or a categorical product.

profane /pɹəˈfeɪn/ adj
dinyewî
Not sacred or holy, unconsecrated; relating to non-religious matters, secular.

profession /pɹəˈfɛʃən/ n
hokar
(religion) A promise or vow made on entering a religious order. [from 12th c.]
The declaration of belief in the principles of a religion; hence, one's faith or religion. [from 16th c.]
An occupation, trade, craft, or activity in which one has a professed expertise in a particular area; a job, especially one requiring a high level of skill or training. [from 15th c.]
pîşe
Professional occupation.

professor /pɹəˈfɛsə/ /pɹəˈfɛsɚ/ n
dersdar
(US, Philippines, informal) A teacher or faculty member at a college or university regardless of formal rank.

proffer /ˈpɹɑfɚ/ /ˈpɹɒfə(ɹ)/ n
hevok
An offer made; something proposed for acceptance by another; a tender.

proficiency /pɹəˈfɪʃənsi/ n
ajoname
Ability, skill, competence.

proficient /pɹoʊˈfɪʃ.ənt/ /pɹəˈfɪʃ.ənt/ adj
biehliyet
Good at something; skilled; fluent; practiced, especially in relation to a task or skill.

profit /ˈpɹɑfɪt/ /ˈpɹɒfɪt/ n
fayîde
(accounting, economics) Total income or cash flow minus expenditures. The money or other benefit a non-governmental organization or individual receives in exchange for products and services sold at an advertised price.
سوود
(dated, literary) Benefit, positive result obtained.

profitable /ˈpɹɑ.fɪ.tə.bl̩/ /ˈpɹɒf.ɪ.tə.bl̩/ adj
biqezenc
Producing a profit.

profound /pɹəˈfaʊnd/ adj
kûr
Descending far below the surface; opening or reaching to great depth; deep.
Intellectually deep; entering far into subjects; reaching to the bottom of a matter, or of a branch of learning; thorough

profuse /pɹəˈfjuːs/ adj
bi zêdeyî
abundant or generous to the point of excess.

profusion /pɹoʊˈfjuʒən/ /pɹə(ʊ)ˈfjuːʒən/ /pɹəˈfjuʒən/ n
feyîz
abundance; the state of being profuse; a cornucopia

progenitor /pɹoʊˈd͡ʒɛn.ɪ.tɚ/ /pɹəʊˈd͡ʒɛn.ɪ.tə/ /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.tə/ /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.tɚ/ n
nivîskar
bapîr
A forefather, any of a person's direct ancestors.
A person from whom one or more people (dynasty, tribe, nation…) are descended.
(biology) An ancestral form of a species.
bav
(figuratively) Someone who originates something.

progeny /ˈpɹɑd͡ʒəni/ /ˈpɹɒd͡ʒəni/ n
ajar
(uncountable) Offspring or descendants considered as a group.
fêkî
(countable, figurative) A result of a creative effort.

program /ˈpɹoʊɡɹəm/ /ˈpɹoʊˌɡɹæm/ /ˈpɹoːɡɹɑːm/ /ˈpɹoːɡɹəm/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæm/ n
bername
A set of structured activities; a plan of action.
A leaflet listing information about a play, game or other activity.
(broadcasting) A performance of a show or other broadcast on radio or television.
(computing) A software application, or a collection of software applications, designed to perform a specific task.

programmer /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæmə/ n
bernamesaz
(computing) One who writes computer programs; a software developer.

progress /-ɹəs/ /ˈpɹoʊɡɹɛs/ /ˈpɹɑɡɹɛs/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹɛs/ n
bilindbûn
Specifically, advancement to a higher or more developed state; development, growth. [from 15th c.]
bipêşveçûn
Movement onwards or forwards or towards a specific objective or direction; advance. [from 16th c.]

progression /pɹəˈɡɹɛʃən/ n
bipêşveçûn
The act of moving from one thing to another.
Development, increase, evolution.

progressively /pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪvli/ adv
berebere
In a progressive manner.

project /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹoʊ.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɐʊ.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑ.d͡ʒɪkt/ /ˈpɹɑˌd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒ.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒd͡ʒ.ɛkt/ /ˈpɹɔd͡ʒ.ɛkt/ /ˈpɹəʊ.dʒɛkt/ [-d͡ʒɪ̈kt] n
پرۆژه‌
A planned endeavor, usually with a specific goal and accomplished in several steps or stages.

projector /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛktɚ/ n
projektör
An optical device that projects a beam of light, especially one used to project an image (or moving images) onto a screen. [from 19th c.]

promiscuous /pɹəˈmɪs.kju.əs/ adj
giriftar
Made up of various disparate elements mixed together; of disorderly composition.

promise /ˈpɹɑmɪs/ /ˈpɹɒmɪs/ n
peyv
(countable) an oath or affirmation; a vow

prompt /pɹɑmpt/ /pɹɒmpt/ adj
lezgîn
Quick; acting without delay.

prompt /pɹɑmpt/ /pɹɒmpt/ v
ajawe
(transitive) To lead (someone) toward what they should say or do.
(transitive, theater, and, television) To show or tell (an actor/person) the words they should be saying, or actions they should be doing.

prompter's box n
kun
The raised box in the apron of a stage, opening towards the actors. The prompter sits inside with the prompter's book, ready to give cues for missed or forgotten lines.

promulgate /ˈpɹɑ.məl.ɡeɪt/ /ˈpɹɒml̩.ɡeɪt/ v
agahdar kirin
(transitive) To make known or public.

prong /pɹɑŋ/ /pɹɒŋ/ /pɹɔŋ/ n
didan
A thin, pointed, projecting part, as of an antler or a fork or similar tool. A tine.
çeng
(sometimes, figurative) A branch; a fork.

pronoun /ˈpɹoʊ.naʊn/ /ˈpɹəʊnaʊn/ n
cînav
(grammar) A type of word that refers anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase, but which cannot ordinarily be preceded by a determiner and rarely takes an attributive adjective.

pronounce /pɹəˈnaʊns/ v
agahdar kirin
(transitive) To declare formally, officially or ceremoniously.
xwendin
(transitive) To read aloud.

pronto /ˈpɹɑntoʊ/ /ˈpɹɒntəʊ/ [ˈpʰɹɑnoʊ̯] [ˈpʰɹɑntʰoʊ̯] [ˈpʰɹɒntʰəʊ̯] adv
bi lez
(informal) Quickly, very soon, promptly.

pronunciation /prəˌnʌnsɪˈeɪʃn/ /pɹəˌnaʊn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəˌnʌn.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəˌnʌn.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃʌn/ [pʰɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən] n
گۆ کردن
(uncountable) The way in which the words of a language are made to sound when speaking.

proof /pɹuf/ /pɹuːf/ /pɹʉːf/ n
belge
(countable) An effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial.
(uncountable) The degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments which induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration.
(countable, mathematics) A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Compare prove, transitive verb, 5.

propagate /ˈpɹɑpəˌɡeɪt/ /ˈpɹɒpəˌɡeɪt/ v
şandin
(transitive) To spread from person to person; to extend the knowledge of; to originate and spread; to carry from place to place; to disseminate.

propensity /pɹəˈpɛnsɪti/ n
ڕه‌وه‌ت
An inclination, disposition, tendency, preference, or attraction.

proper /ˈpɹɑ.pɚ/ /ˈpɹɒp.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹɔp.ə/ adj
pak
Following the established standards of behavior or manners; correct or decorous. [18th c.]
Belonging to oneself or itself; own. [14th c.]
(often, _, postpositive) In the very strictest sense of the word. [14th c.]
rast
Suited or acceptable to the purpose or circumstances; fit, suitable. [13th c.]
serenav
(grammar) Used to designate a particular person, place, or thing. Proper nouns are usually written with an initial capital letter. [14th c.]

proper noun n
serenav
(grammar) A word or phrase that is a noun denoting a particular person, place, organization, ship, animal, event, or other individual entity.

property /ˈpɹɑ.pɚ.ti/ /ˈpɹɒp.ə.ti/ [ˈpɹɑ.pɚ.ɾi] n
mal
Something that is owned.
A piece of real estate, such as a parcel of land.

prophet /ˈpɹɑ.fɪt/ /ˈpɹɒf.ɪt/ n
pêxember
Someone who speaks by divine inspiration.
Someone who predicts the future; a soothsayer.

propitious /pɹoʊˈpɪʃəs/ adj
biavantaj
Advantageous.

proponent /pɹəˈpoʊnənt/ /pɹəˈpəʊnənt/ n
parêzer
One who supports something; an advocate.

proportion /pɹəˈpo(ː)ɹʃən/ /pɹəˈpoəʃən/ /pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/ /pɹəˈpɔːʃən/ n
par
(countable) A quantity of something that is part of the whole amount or number.

proposal /pɹəˈpoʊzəl/ /pɹəˈpəʊzəl/ n
[[داوای ده‌س کردن]]
(legal) The offer by a party of what they have in view as to an intended business transaction, which, with acceptance, constitutes a contract.
Something which is proposed, or offered for consideration or acceptance.
The act of asking someone to be one's spouse; an offer of marriage.

propose /pɹəˈpoʊz/ /pɹəˈpəʊz/ v
[[داوای ده‌س کردن]]
(intransitive, sometimes followed by to) To ask for a person's hand in marriage.

prosaic /pɹoʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/ /pɹəʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/ adj
pexşan
Pertaining to or having the characteristics of prose.
(main usage, usually of writing or speaking but also figurative) Overly plain, simple or commonplace, to the point of being boring.

prose /ˈpɹoʊz/ /ˈpɹəʊz/ n
pexşan
Language, particularly written language, not intended as poetry.

prosecutor /ˈpɹɑ.səˌ.kjuːˌ.təɹˌ/ n
dozgêrr
(law) a prosecuting attorney.
(law) a person, as a complainant, victim, or chief witness, who institutes prosecution in a criminal proceeding.

prospect /pɹəˈspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒspɛkt/ n
rû
Relative position of the front of a building or other structure; face; relative aspect.

prospective /pɹəˈspɛktɪv/ adj
muhtemel
Likely or expected to happen or become.

prosperous /ˈpɹɑs.pə.ɹəs/ /ˈpɹɒs.p(ə.)ɹəs/ adj
ava
Characterized by success.
Well off; affluent.

prostate /ˈpɹɒs.teɪt/ /ˈpɹɔs.teɪt/ n
prostata
The prostate gland. [from 1646]

prostitution /prɒstɪˈtjuːʃn/ /ˌprɒstɪˈt͡ʃuːʃn/ n
cindetî
Engaging in sexual activity with another person for pay.
(by extension) Debasement for profit or impure motives.

protactinium /ˌpɹoʊ.tækˈtɪn.i.əm/ /ˌpɹəʊ.tækˈtɪn.i.əm/ n
protaktinyûm
A chemical element (symbol Pa) with atomic number 91: a dense, silvery-gray actinide metal.

protect /pɹəˈtɛkt/ v
parastin
(ambitransitive) To keep safe; to defend; to guard; to prevent harm coming to.

protection /pɹəˈtɛkʃən/ n
parastin
The process of keeping (something or someone) safe.

protection money n
parastin
Money paid, especially at regular intervals, to criminals or to corrupt officials who threaten to cause harm to the payer or to his or her business if the money is not paid.

protector /pɹəˈtɛktə/ /pɹəˈtɛktɚ/ n
gard
Someone who protects or guards, by assignment or on their own initiative.

provenance /ˈpɹoʊ.və.nɑns/ /ˈpɹɑ.və.nəns/ /ˈpɹɒ.və.nəns/ /ˈpɹɒ.və.ˌnɒns/ n
binaçe
Place or source of origin.
(arts) The history of ownership of a work of art.
(of a person) Background; history; place of origin.

proverbial /pɹəˈvɜɹb.iː.əl/ adj
binbar birêz navdar
Widely known; famous; stereotypical.

province /ˈpɹɑv.ɪns/ /ˈpɹɒv.ɪns/ n
parêzgeh
A region of the earth or of a continent; a district or country. [from 14th c.]

prow /pɹaʊ/ /pɹoʊ/ n
poz
(nautical) The front part of a vessel

prowess /ˈpɹaʊəs/ /ˈpɹaʊɪs/ n
adres
(uncountable) Skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise; dexterity, mastery, or proficiency.
cesaret
(uncountable) Distinguished bravery or courage, especially in battle; heroism.

proxy /ˈpɹɑk.si/ /ˈpɹɒk.si/ n
pirteqal
An agent or substitute authorized to act for another person.
nimînende
The authority to act for another, especially when written.

prudence /ˈpɹuːdəns/ n
yedek
The quality or state of being prudent

prudent /ˈpɹuːdənt/ adj
aqildar
Sagacious in adapting means to ends; circumspect in action, or in determining any line of conduct.
Practically wise, judicious, shrewd.
Frugal, economical.

prudery /ˈpɹuːdəɹi/ n
dawpaqijî
(uncountable) The condition of being prudish; prudishness

pseudo /ˈs(j)uːdəʊ/ /ˈsuːdoʊ/ adj
zir

psoriasis /səˈɹaɪ.əsɪs/ n
agroke
(disease) A noncontagious disease whose main symptom is gray or silvery flaky patches on the skin which are red and inflamed underneath when scratched.

psyched /saɪkt/ adj
biheyecan
(slang) Thrilled; excited.

psychic /ˈsaɪkɪk/ n
medyûm
(parapsychology) A person who supposedly contacts the dead; a medium.

psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ /saɪˈkɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ /sɑɪˈkɔl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/ n
psîkolojî
(uncountable) The study of the human mind.
(uncountable) The study of human or animal behavior.
(countable) The mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to a specified person, group, or activity.

psychosis /saɪˈkoʊsɪs/ /saɪˈkəʊsɪs/ n
psîkoz
(psychology) A severe mental disorder, sometimes with physical damage to the brain, marked by a deranged personality and a distorted view of reality.

pub /pʊb/ /pʌb/ n
bîraxane
(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa) A public house where beverages, primarily alcoholic, may be bought and consumed, also providing food and sometimes entertainment such as live music or television.

public /ˈpʊblɪk/ /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj
جمهور
Open to all members of a community, as opposed to only a segment of it; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes. [from 15th c.]
Pertaining to the people as a whole, as opposed to a group of people; concerning the whole community or country. [from 15th c.]

public /ˈpʊblɪk/ /ˈpʌblɪk/ n
کۆمه‌ڵایه‌تی
(countable, uncountable) Chiefly preceded by the: members of the community or the people in general, regardless of membership of any particular group.

public administration n
[[به‌رێوبه‌رایه‌تی]]
the implementation of public policy by governmental bodies; the administration of governmental functions; the administration of a state.

public holiday n
cejn
A national or regional holiday from work on a specific day, usually for cultural reasons or celebrations.

publicly /ˈpʌblɪkli/ adv
biaşkerahî
In public, openly, in an open and public manner.

publish /ˈpʊblɪʃ/ /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v
ravekirin
(transitive) To announce to the public.

puff /pʌf/ n
هه‌ناسه‌
(countable) A sharp exhalation of a small amount of breath through the mouth.
(uncountable) The ability to breathe easily while exerting oneself.
ewr
(uncountable, slang) The drug cannabis.

puff up v
perçivandin
(transitive) To inflate with air.

puke /pjuːk/ v
hilavêtin
(colloquial, ambitransitive) To vomit; to throw up; to eject from the stomach.

pulchritude /pʌlkrə.t(j)uːd/ [ˈpʰʌɫkɹəˌtjuːd] [ˈpʰʌɫkɹəˌtuːd] n
delalî
Physical beauty.

pull /puːl/ /pʉl/ /pʊl/ [pʊ̈˕ʟˤ] v
kaş kirin
(transitive, intransitive) To apply a force to (an object) so that it comes toward the person or thing applying the force.

pull a fast one v
bi dek û dolaban hatin
(idiomatic, often followed by on) To carry out a trick or deception; to behave contrary to expectations.

pull buoy n
aprax
figure-eight shaped piece of closed-cell foam used in swim workouts

pull over v
girtin
(transitive) To command or force someone to drive their vehicle to the side of the road or curb and come to a stop.

pull up v
hilbûn
(transitive, intransitive) To lift upwards or vertically.

pulley /ˈpʊli/ n
masûle
(engineering, countable) One of the simple machines; a sheave, a wheel with a grooved rim, in which a pulled rope or chain lifts an object (more useful when two or more pulleys are used together, as in a block and tackle arrangement, such that a small force moving through a greater distance can exert a larger force through a smaller distance).

pulp /pʊlp/ /pʌlp/ n
bariste
A mass of chemically processed wood fibres (cellulose).
goşt
The soft center of a fruit.

pulse /pʊls/ /pʌls/ [pəls] n
toz
A normally regular beat felt when arteries near the skin (for example, at the neck or wrist) are depressed, caused by the heart pumping blood through them.
rîtm
(music, prosody) The beat or tactus of a piece of music or verse; also, a repeated sequence of such beats.

pump /pʌmp/ n
bombe
A device for moving or compressing a liquid or gas.
A device for dispensing liquid or gas to be sold, particularly fuel.

pump up v
perçivandin
(transitive) To inflate by means of a pump.

pun /pʊn/ /pʌn/ n
paşpêşî
A joke or type of wordplay in which similar definitions or sounds of two words or phrases, or different definitions of the same word, are deliberately confused.

punch line /ˈpʌntʃˌlaɪn/ n
xwê
The final part of a joke; the word, sentence, or exchange of sentences that is intended to be funny and provokes laughter from the listeners.

punishment /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ n
ceza
The act (action) or process of punishing, imposing and/or applying a sanction.
A penalty to punish wrongdoing, especially for crime.

punt /pʌnt/ n
çi
A bet or wager.

pupil /ˈpjuːpəl/ n
xwendekar
(dated, _, except in, _, UK) A learner at a school under the supervision of a teacher.

purchase /ˈpɜː(ɹ).t͡ʃəs/ /ˈpɝ.t͡ʃəs/ v
kirrîn
To apply to (anything) a device for obtaining a mechanical advantage; to get a purchase upon, or apply a purchase to; to raise or move by mechanical means.

purdah /-dɑː/ /ˈpɜːdə/ /ˈpɝdə/ n
perde
(uncountable) The situation or system of secluding women from the gaze of people, particularly men and strangers, in some Muslim and Hindu traditions, by using a curtain or screen, and/or wearing a face veil or attire covering most of the body. [from 19th c.]

pure /pjuːɹ/ /pjʉːɹ/ /ˈpjoɹ/ /ˈpjoː/ /ˈpjuː(ə)ɹ/ /ˈpjɔː/ /ˈpjɚ/ /ˈpjɜː/ /ˈpjɝ/ /ˈpjʉːə/ /ˈpjʊə/ /ˈpjʊɹ/ /ˈpɪu̯(ə)ɹ/ /ˈpɪu̯ə/ adj
paqij
Free of flaws or imperfections; unsullied.

purloin /pɜːˈlɔɪn/ v
dizî kirin
(transitive, usually, formal, or, humorous) To take the property of another, often in breach of trust; to appropriate wrongfully; to steal.

purportedly /pə(ɹ)ˈpɔː(ɹ).təd.li/ adv
qaşo
As appears to be true or is stated or accepted to be (though might not be so).

purpose /ˈpɜ.poʊs/ /ˈpɜ.pəs/ /ˈpɜːpəs/ /ˈpɝpəs/ n
firûz
Resolution; determination.

pursue /pəˈsjuː/ /pəˈʃu/ /pəˈʃuː/ /pɚˈsu/ /pɜˈʃuː/ v
lê gerrîn
(ambitransitive) To follow urgently, originally with intent to capture or harm; to chase. [from 14th c.]
(transitive) To aim for, go after (a specified objective, situation etc.). [from late 14th c.]
dest pê kirin
(transitive) To participate in (an activity, business etc.); to practise, follow (a profession). [from 15th c.]

push /pʉʃ/ /pʊʃ/ [puʃ] [pʷʊʃ] n
پاڵ
A short, directed application of force; an act of pushing.

push /pʉʃ/ /pʊʃ/ [puʃ] [pʷʊʃ] v
rayeka navdêrî
(transitive, intransitive) To apply a force to (an object) such that it moves away from the person or thing applying the force.

push-button /ˈpʊʃˌbʌtn̩/ n
bişkoj
An electrical switch activated by pressing a button.

pushy /ˈpʊʃ.i/ adj
lezgîn
Overly assertive, bold, or determined; aggressively ambitious.

pussy /ˈpʊsi/ n
kitik
(informal, affectionate) A cat. [from 17th c.]
(vulgar, humorous, internet slang) A notional part of the body used during exertion of effort; usually in the form put one's whole pussy into. Also used in blends to form deliberately grotesque and unwieldy words referring to this. See -ussy.
berzik
(vulgar, colloquial) The female genitalia; the vulva or vagina. [from 17th c.]

put off v
دوای ئه‌خات
(transitive) To cause to dislike; to discourage (from doing).

put on v
wergirtin
(transitive) To don (clothing, equipment, or the like).

put out v
dan
To cause someone to be out of sorts; to annoy, impose, inconvenience, or disturb.
(intransitive) To go out, to head out, especially (sailing) to set sail.
(intransitive, originally, _, US, _, slang) To consent to sex.
reş kirin
To extinguish (fire).

put to bed v
ava bûn
(transitive) To help someone, for example a child, go to bed.

put to use v
bi kar anîn
(transitive) To use; to utilise; to apply.

putting green n
kesk
(golf) The area of a golf course nearest the hole, with a smoother surface to make putting easier.

putty /ˈpʌti/ n
bariste
A form of cement, made from linseed oil and whiting, used to fix panes of glass.

python /ˈpaɪθɑn/ /ˈpaɪθən/ n
pîton
(zoology) A type of large constricting snake.

qadi /ˈkɑːdi/ n
qazî
(Islam, law) A judge who is trained in and practices Islamic law [from 16th c.]

qanun n
qanûn
(musical instrument) A Near Eastern and Caucasian musical instrument related to the zither, dulcimer, or harp having either 26 strings and a single bridge, or 42 strings and two bridges.

quadrilateral /ˌkwɑd.ɹəˈlæt.ɚ.əl/ adj
çargoşe
Having four sides.

quadrilateral /ˌkwɑd.ɹəˈlæt.ɚ.əl/ n
çargoşe
(geometry) A polygon with four sides.

quadrillion /kwɑˈdɹɪl.i.ən/ /kwɑˈdɹɪl.jən/ /kwɒˈdɹɪl.jən/ /kwɒˈdʒɹɪl.jən/ /kwɔˈdɹɘl.jɘn/ /kwɔˈdɹɪl.jən/ n
milyon
(figuratively, slang, hyperbole) Any very large number, exceeding normal description.

quaff /kwæf/ /kwɑf/ /kwɑːf/ /kwɒf/ /kwɔf/ v
vexwarin
To drink or imbibe with vigour or relish; to drink copiously; to swallow in large draughts. [from mid-16th c.]

quagmire /ˈkwæɡ.maɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈkwæɡ.maɪɹ/ /ˈkwæɡ.mɑɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈkwɒɡ.maɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈkwɔɡ.mɑɪə(ɹ)/ n
avevek
A swampy, soggy area of ground.
avzê
(figuratively) A perilous, mixed up and troubled situation; a hopeless tangle.

quail /kweɪl/ /ˈkweɪ.əl/ n
qitbarûd
Any of various small game birds of the genera Coturnix, Anurophasis or Perdicula in the Old World family Phasianidae or of the New World family Odontophoridae.

quaint /kweɪnt/ [kʰweɪ̯nt] adj
bi
(now, _, dialectal) Strange or odd; unusual. [from 14th c.]

qualified /ˈkwɑl.ɪ.faɪd/ /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪd/ adj
bisînor
Restricted or limited by conditions.

qualm /kwæm/ /kwɑlm/ /kwɑm/ /kwɑːm/ /kwɔm/ /kwɔːm/ n
guman
A feeling of apprehension, doubt, fear etc. [from 16th c.]

quantity /ˈkwæn.tɪ.ti/ /ˈkwæn.tɪ.tɪ/ /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/ /ˈkwɒn.tɪ.ti/ [ˈkwɑnɾəɾi] [ˈkʰwɑn(tʰ)ɨtʰi] [ˈkʰwɑn(ɾ)ɨɾi] n
hejmar
A fundamental, generic term used when referring to the measurement (count, amount) of a scalar, vector, number of items or to some other way of denominating the value of a collection or group of items.

quark /kwɑɹk/ /kwɑːk/ /kwɔɹk/ /kwɔːk/ n
quark
(particle) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle that forms matter. They combine to form hadrons, such as protons and neutrons.
A soft creamy cheese, eaten throughout northern, central, eastern, and southeastern Europe as well as the Low Countries, very similar to cottage cheese except that it is usually not made with rennet.

quarry /ˈk(w)ɔɹ.i/ /ˈkwɑɹ.i/ /ˈkwɒɹ.i/ n
nêçîr
(countable) An object of search or pursuit.

quartz /k(w)ɔɹts/ /k(w)ɔːts/ n
kuars
(mineral) The most abundant mineral on the earth's surface, of chemical composition silicon dioxide, SiO2. It occurs in a variety of forms, both crystalline and amorphous. Found in every environment.

quay /keɪ/ /kiː/ /kweɪ/ n
rixtim
(nautical) A stone or concrete structure on navigable water used for loading and unloading vessels; a wharf.

queen /kwiːn/ [kʰw̥iːn] n
şabanî
A female monarch.
A chess piece that, under contemporary rules, is the most powerful, able to move any number of spaces horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.
A playing card with a depiction of a queen on it, generally ranking next below the king and above the jack in a given suit.
Worker bees around the queen (sense 6) of the hive, marked with a pink dot A reproductive female insect in a hive, such as an ant, bee, termite or wasp.
şahbanû
A woman whose pre-eminence, power, or forcefulness is comparable to that of a queen.
(slang, sometimes, derogatory) A homosexual man, especially one regarded as effeminate.
پشیله‌
An adult female cat capable of breeding.

queen /kwiːn/ [kʰw̥iːn] v
şabanî
(transitive) To make a queen or (figuratively) to give the status of a queen.

queen bee n
diya mêşan
A reproductive female (especially the only one) in a colony of bees.

queer /kwɪə/ /kwɪɹ/ adj
ecêb
(dated, outside, Ireland, Scotland, and, England) Weird, odd, or different; whimsical. [from 16th c.]

quench /kwɛnt͡ʃ/ v
reş kirin
(transitive) To extinguish or put out (as a fire or light).

query /ˈkwɛ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪə.ɹi/ n
پرسیار
A question, an inquiry (US), an enquiry (UK).

query /ˈkwɛ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪə.ɹi/ v
داواکردن
(transitive) To ask, inquire.

quest /kwɛst/ n
gol
A journey or effort in pursuit of a goal (often lengthy, ambitious, or fervent); a mission.
lêgerîn
(obsolete) A group of people making search or inquiry.

question /ˈkwɛ.ʃən/ /ˈkwɛstjən/ /ˈkwɛst͡ʃən/ /ˈkwɛst͡ʃɛn/ /ˈkwɛʃ(t͡ʃ)ɛn/ /ˈkwɛʃtən/ /ˈkwɛʃt͡ʃən/ /ˈkwɛʔ.ʃən/ [ˈkwɛʃ.t͡ʃn̩˗] n
nuqtepirs
پرسیار
A sentence, phrase or word which asks for information, reply or response; an interrogative.
tema
A subject or topic for consideration or investigation.
guman
A doubt or challenge about the truth, accuracy, or validity of a matter.

question /ˈkwɛ.ʃən/ /ˈkwɛstjən/ /ˈkwɛst͡ʃən/ /ˈkwɛst͡ʃɛn/ /ˈkwɛʃ(t͡ʃ)ɛn/ /ˈkwɛʃtən/ /ˈkwɛʃt͡ʃən/ /ˈkwɛʔ.ʃən/ [ˈkwɛʃ.t͡ʃn̩˗] v
pirsîn
(transitive) To ask questions of; to interrogate; to ask for information.

question mark /ˈkwɛstʃ(ə)n ˌmɑɹk/ /ˈkwɛstʃ(ə)n ˌmɑːk/ /ˈkwɛʃ-/ n
nuqtepirs
(typography) The punctuation mark "?", used at the end of a sentence to indicate a question.
Polygonia interrogationis, a North American nymphalid butterfly with a silver mark on the underside of its hindwing resembling a question mark (sense 1).

queue /kju/ /kjuː/ n
dûv
A waiting list or other means of organizing people or objects into a first-come-first-served order.
dû
(heraldry) An animal's tail. [from 16th c.]
(now, _, historical) A men's hairstyle with a braid or ponytail at the back of the head, such as that worn by men in Imperial China. [from 18th c.]

quicklime n
kisl
Calcium oxide, which is produced by heating (calcining) limestone and gives slaked lime on treatment with water.

quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ adv
zû
Rapidly; with speed; fast.

quicksilver /ˈkwɪkˌsɪlvɚ/ n
zîbeq
The metal mercury.

quiddity /ˈkwɪdɪti/ n
benzîn
(philosophy) The essence or inherent nature of a person or thing.

quiet /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt/ adj
bêdeng
With little or no sound; free of disturbing noise.
Not talking much or not talking loudly; reserved.

quiet /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt/ n
bêdengî
The absence of sound; quietness.
The absence of movement; stillness, tranquility.

quill /kwɪl/ [kʰw̥ɪl] n
dirî
A sharply pointed, barbed, and easily detached needle-like structure that grows on the skin of a porcupine or hedgehog as a defense against predators. [from early 17th c.]

quilt /kwɪlt/ [kʰw̥ɪlt] n
rayeka navdêrî
A bed covering consisting of two layers of fabric stitched together, with insulation between, often having a decorative design.

quince /kwɪns/ n
bih biyok
(countable) The deciduous tree bearing such fruit, native to Asia.

quintessence /kwɪn.ˈtɛs.əns/ /kwɪn.ˈtɛs.ɪns/ n
nimûne
A thing that is the most perfect example of its type; the most perfect embodiment of something; epitome, prototype.

quintillion /kwɪnˈtɪljən/ n
milyon
(figuratively, slang, hyperbole) Any very large number, exceeding normal description.

quire /ˈkwaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ n
defter
One-twentieth of a ream of paper; a collection of twenty-four or twenty-five sheets of paper of the same size and quality, unfolded or having a single fold.
(bookbinding) A set of leaves which are stitched together, originally a set of four pieces of paper (eight leaves, sixteen pages). This is most often a single signature (i.e. group of four), but may be several nested signatures.

quit /kwɪt/ [kʰw̥ɪt] v
berdan
(transitive) To set at rest; to free, as from anything harmful or oppressive; to relieve; to clear; to liberate.

quite /kwaɪt/ adv
gelekî
To a moderate extent or degree; somewhat, rather. [from 19th c.]

quiver /ˈkwɪvə/ /ˈkwɪvɚ/ v
hejandin
(intransitive) To shake or move with slight and tremulous motion.

quotation marks /kwoʊˈteɪʃən mɑɹks/ /kwəʊˈteɪʃən mɑːks/ n
dunik
Note: These languages use “◌”-style marks or other styles as indicated. Some are singular and some plural.

quote /kwəʊt/ n
dunik
A quotation; a statement attributed to a person.

quote /kwəʊt/ v
aşkera kirin
(archaic) To observe, to take account of.

quotidian /kwəˈtɪdɪən/ /kwɵˈtɪdɪən/ adj
rojane
Happening every day; daily. [from 15th c.]
Having the characteristics of something which can be seen, experienced, etc, every day or very commonly. [from 15th c.]

quotient /ˈkwoʊʃənt/ /ˈkwəʊʃənt/ n
beş
(arithmetic) The number (either a fraction or an integer) resulting from the division of one number by another.

rabbi /ˈɹæ.baɪ/ n
xaxem
A Jewish scholar or teacher of halacha (Jewish law), capable of making halachic decisions.

rabbit /ˈɹæbət/ /ˈɹæbɪt/ n
kêroşk
A mammal of the family Leporidae, with long ears, long hind legs and a short, fluffy tail.

rabbit hole n
kêroşk
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see rabbit,‎ hole. The entrance to a rabbit warren or burrow; the whole warren or burrow.
bax
(by extension) A time-consuming tangent or detour, often one from which it is difficult to extricate oneself.

rabies /ˈɹeɪ.biːz/ n
harbûn
(disease) An infectious disease caused by species of Lyssavirus that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals and people, characterised by abnormal behaviour such as biting, excitement, aggressiveness, and dementia, followed by paralysis and death.

race /ɹeɪs/ n
نه‌ته‌وه‌
A group of sentient beings, particularly people, distinguished by common ancestry, heritage or characteristics (see Wikipedia's article on historical definitions of race):
A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of a common heritage.
A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of common physical characteristics, such as skin color or hair type.
A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of shared characteristics or qualities, for example social qualities.
(animal husbandry) A breed or strain of domesticated animal.

race /ɹeɪs/ v
pêşbirkî kirin
(intransitive) To take part in a race (in the sense of a contest).

racing driver n
balafirvan
(motor racing) a person whose profession is driving racing cars.

racism /ˈɹeɪsɪzm̩/ n
nîjadparêzî
Prejudice or discrimination based upon race or ethnicity; (countable) an action of such discrimination.

rack /ɹæk/ n
çarçik
A cut of meat involving several adjacent ribs.

radiation /ɹaɪ.di.ˈaɪ.ʃən/ /ɹæ.di.ˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɹeɪ.di.ˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
tîrojandin
The process of radiating waves or particles.

radical /ˈɹædɪkəl/ adj
radîkal
Favoring fundamental change, or change at the root cause of a matter.
Pertaining to the basic or intrinsic nature of something.
(lexicography, not comparable) Of or pertaining to the root of a word.
(chemistry, not comparable) Involving free radicals.
(slang, 1980s & 1990s) Excellent; awesome.

radical /ˈɹædɪkəl/ n
radîkal
A person with radical opinions.
enextar
(linguistics) In logographic writing systems such as the Chinese writing system, the portion of a character (if any) that provides an indication of its meaning, as opposed to phonetic.

radio /ˈɹeɪdiˌoʊ/ /ˈɹeɪdiˌəʊ/ n
radyo
(uncountable) The technology that allows for the transmission of sound or other signals by modulation of electromagnetic waves.
(countable) A device that can capture (receive) the signal sent over radio waves and render the modulated signal as sound.

radio station /ˈɹeɪ.di.oʊ ˌsteɪ.ʃən/ n
radyûm
An installation of a radio transmitter, and possibly a receiver, for the purpose of broadcasting or communication; usually refers to a broadcast station in non-technical usage.

radioactive /ˌɹeɪdioʊˈaktɪv/ /ˌɹeɪdioʊˈæktɪv/ adj
radyoaktîv
Exhibiting radioactivity.

radish /ˈɹadɪʃ/ /ˈɹædɪʃ/ /ˈɹɛdɪʃ/ n
tivir
A plant of the Brassicaceae family, Raphanus sativus or Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus, having an edible root.

radium /ˈɹeɪ.di.əm/ /ˈɹeɪ.dɪ.əm/ n
radyûm
The chemical element (symbol Ra) with an atomic number of 88. It is a soft, shiny and silvery radioactive alkaline earth metal.

radius /ˈɹeɪ.di.əs/ n
radyûm
(zoology) The lighter bone (or fused portion of bone) in the forelimb of an animal.
brûsk
(geometry) The length of this line segment.

radix /ɹeɪ.dɪks/ n
kok
(linguistics) A primitive word, from which other words may be derived.
bingeh
(mathematics) The number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers in a particular base, as ten for decimal.

rage /ɹeɪd͡ʒ/ n
harbûn
Violent uncontrolled anger.

railroad car n
erebe
(US) Any railway vehicle or rolling stock.

railway station n
[[ئێستگه‌]]
(British) A place where trains stop for passengers to embark and disembark.

rain /ɹeɪn/ n
baran باران
Condensed water falling from a cloud.
baran
(figuratively) Any matter moving or falling, usually through air, and especially if liquid or otherwise figuratively identifiable with raindrops.
(figuratively) An instance of particles or larger pieces of matter moving or falling through air.

rain /ɹeɪn/ v
barîn
(impersonal) To have rain fall from the sky.

rain check n
دوای ئه‌خات
(by extension) In social interactions, a deferred invitation, or deferred acceptance of an invitation.

rain shower n
baran
(weather) A short, mild period of rainfall.

rainbow /ˈɹeɪmboʊ/ /ˈɹeɪnboʊ/ /ˈɹeɪnbəʊ/ n
keskesor bûka baranê
A multicoloured arch in the sky, produced by prismatic refraction of light within droplets of rain in the air.

rainfall n
baran
(meteorology) The amount of rain that falls on a single occasion

rains /ɹeɪnz/ n
baran
A rainy season; monsoon

rainy /ˈɹeɪni/ adj
bibaran
Pouring with rain; wet; showery

raise /ɹeɪz/ v
hilanîn
To bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear.

rake /ɹeɪk/ n
tiraşîn
(agriculture, horticulture) A garden tool with a row of pointed teeth fixed to a long handle, used for collecting debris, grass, etc., for flattening the ground, or for loosening soil; also, a similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by a horse or a tractor.

rake /ɹeɪk/ v
tiraşîn
(ambitransitive, also, figurative) To move (a beam of light, a glance with the eyes, etc.) across (something) with a long side-to-side motion; specifically (often, military) to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion; to spray with gunfire.
(ambitransitive, figurative) To search through (thoroughly).
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.

raki /ɹæˈkɜː/ /ˈɹæki/ /ˈɹækə/ n
araq
A Turkish liqueur flavored with anise.

rakija /ˈɹɑːkɪə/ n
araq
A strong distilled alcoholic beverage made from various fruits, varieties of which (such as slivovitz) are found across the Balkans and the Mediterranean.

ram /ɹæm/ n
به‌ران
(zoology, agriculture) A male sheep, typically uncastrated.

ramsons n
lûş
A wild relative of chives, of species Allium ursinum, having edible leaves and roots.

range /ɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ n
rêzeçiya
A line or series of mountains, buildings, etc.
zevî
An area for practicing shooting at targets.
brûsk
(statistics) The length of the smallest interval which contains all the data in a sample; the difference between the largest and smallest observations in the sample.

ranger /ˈɹeɪnd͡ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹeɪnd͡ʒɚ/ n
cerdevan
A keeper, guardian, or soldier who ranges over a region (generally of wilderness) to protect the area or enforce the law.

rank /ɹæŋk/ n
sinif
The level of one's position in a class-based society.

rank /ɹæŋk/ v
hatin
To have a ranking.

ranking /ˈɹæn.kɪŋ/ /ˈɹæŋ.kɪŋ/ adj
jorîn
Superior in rank.

rapid /ˈɹæpɪd/ adj
lezgîn
Very swift or quick.

rapid /ˈɹæpɪd/ n
lezgîn
(usually, in the plural) A rough section of a river or stream which is difficult to navigate due to the swift and turbulent motion of the water.

rapture /ˈɹaptʃə/ /ˈɹæpt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈɹɛptʃɘ/ n
heyranî
In some forms of fundamentalist Protestant eschatology, the event when Jesus returns and gathers the souls of living and deceased believers. (Usually "the rapture".)

rare /ɹɛə(ɹ)/ /ɹɛɚ/ /ɹɛɹ/ [ɹɜɹ] adj
hindik caran
Very uncommon; scarce.

rarely /ɹeə.liː/ /ɹeəɹliː/ /ˈɹɛəɹli/ /ˈɹɛːli/ adv
به‌ده‌گمان
Not occurring at a regular interval; seldom; not often. [from 16th c.]

raspberry /ˈɹæzbɹi/ /ˈɹæzˌbɛɹi/ /ˈɹɑːzb(ə)ɹi/ n
tûşêmî
The juicy aggregate fruit of these plants.

rat /ɹæt/ n
mişk
(zoology) A medium-sized rodent belonging to the genus Rattus.

rate /ɹeɪt/ n
par
rêje
The proportional relationship between one amount, value etc. and another. [from 15th c.]

ratify /ˈɹætəfaɪ/ /ˈɹætɪfaɪ/ v
pesind bûn
(transitive) To give formal consent to; make officially valid, sign off on.

ratio /ˈɹeɪ.si.əʊ/ /ˈɹeɪ.ʃi.əʊ/ /ˈɹeɪ.ʃiˌoʊ/ /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/ /ˈɹeɪ.ʃəʊ/ n
rêje
(arithmetic) The relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient).

ratiocination /ɹætiˌɑsiˈneɪʃn̩/ /ɹætɪˌɒsɪˈneɪʃn̩/ /ɹæʃi-/ n
bellgehênanewe
Reasoning, conscious deliberate inference; the activity or process of reasoning.

rational number n
hejmara aqlî
(mathematics) A number that can be expressed as the ratio of two integers.

rats /ɹæts/ interjection
lanet
(informal) Expression of annoyance or disgust; damn, darn. [from 1886]

rattlesnake /ˈɹæt.əlˌsneɪk/ n
marê xişxişok
Any of various venomous American snakes, of genera Crotalus and Sistrurus, having a rattle at the end of its tail.

ravage /ˈɹævɪd͡ʒ/ v
herîfandin
(transitive) To devastate, destroy or lay waste to something.

raven /ˈɹeɪvən/ n
داڵ
(countable) Any of several, generally large and lustrous black species of birds in the genus Corvus, especially the common raven, Corvus corax.

raw /ɹɑ/ /ɹɔ/ /ɹɔː/ adj
xav
(cooking) (of food) Not cooked. [from 9th c.]
kesk
New or inexperienced. [from 16th c.]
rûs
(obsolete) Not covered; bare; bald.

raw material n
madeyên xam
A material in its unprocessed, natural state considered usable for manufacture.
(figuratively) Any physical product serving as input to a factory or other installation which processes it.

raw silk n
qaz
Silk that has not been processed to remove sericin.

ray /ɹeɪ/ n
tîroj
(botany) A radiating part of a flower or plant; the marginal florets of a compound flower, such as an aster or a sunflower; one of the pedicels of an umbel or other circular flower cluster; radius.
(mathematics) A line extending indefinitely in one direction from a point.

razor /ˈɹeɪzə/ /ˈɹeɪzɚ/ n
gûzan
A keen-edged knife of peculiar shape, used in shaving the hair from the face or other parts of the body.
Any tool or instrument designed for shaving.

razor clam n
kêr
A clam of several species in superfamily Solenoidea, with long curved shells resembling straight razors.

re /ɹeɪ/ /ɹiː/ preposition
دان
About, regarding, with reference to; especially in letters, documents, emails and case law.

re- /ɹiː/ /ɹə/ /ɹɪ/ prefix
dubare
again, anew

reach /ɹiːt͡ʃ/ v
gihaştin
(transitive) To give to someone by stretching out a limb, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to another person; to hand over.
(transitive, by extension) To extend an action, effort, or influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut.

reaction /ɹiˈækʃən/ n
bertek
An action or statement in response to a stimulus or other event.

reactionary /ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈækʃən(ə)ɹi/ adj
paşverû
(politics) Opposition to revolution (such as the French Revolution); favoring a return to a golden age of the past.

reactionary /ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.t͡ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.ʃəˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈæk.ʃɪˌnɛɚ.i/ /ɹiˈækʃən(ə)ɹi/ n
paşverû
(politics) One who opposes revolution, wanting to reverse it, favoring a return to a past golden age. Often used as a derogatory by revolutionaires.

reactive /ɹiːˈæktɪv/ adj
kevneparêz
(chemistry) that readily takes part in reactions

read /ɹid/ /ɹiːd/ v
xwendin
(transitive, or, intransitive) To look at and interpret letters or other information that is written.
(transitive, or, intransitive) To speak aloud words or other information that is written. (often construed with a to phrase or an indirect object)
(transitive) To interpret, or infer a meaning, significance, thought, intention, etc., from.

reader /ˈɹidɚ/ /ˈɹiːdə/ n
xwendevan
A person who reads a publication.

ready /ˈɹɛd.i/ adj
ئاماده
Prepared for immediate action or use.
Inclined; apt to happen.

ready /ˈɹɛd.i/ v
amade kirin
(transitive) To prepare; to make ready for action.

real /ɹiːl/ /ˈɹiːəl/ adj
bera
True, genuine, not merely nominal or apparent.
Genuine, not artificial, counterfeit, or fake.
That has objective, physical existence.
(mathematics, of a number) Being either a rational number, or the limit of a convergent infinite sequence of rational numbers: being one of a set of numbers with a one-to-one correspondence to the points on a line.

reality /ɹiˈæləti/ /ɹiˈælɪti/ n
berahî
The state of being actual or real; realness.
A real entity, event, or other fact.
The entirety of all that is real.
An individual observer's own subjective perception of that which is real.

really /ˈɹeɪlɪ/ /ˈɹi.əli/ /ˈɹili/ /ˈɹɪli/ /ˈɹɪə.li/ /ˈɹɪə.liː/ [-li] [ˈɹʷeə̯ɫiː] [ˈɹʷiə̯-] [ˈɹʷɪə̯lɪ] [ˈɹʷɪː-] adv
a rastî
(modal) Actually; in fact; in reality.

really /ˈɹeɪlɪ/ /ˈɹi.əli/ /ˈɹili/ /ˈɹɪli/ /ˈɹɪə.li/ /ˈɹɪə.liː/ [-li] [ˈɹʷeə̯ɫiː] [ˈɹʷiə̯-] [ˈɹʷɪə̯lɪ] [ˈɹʷɪː-] interjection
û
(informal, chiefly, US) Indicating affirmation, agreement.

realm /ɹɛlm/ n
cîhan
An abstract sphere of influence, real or imagined.

ream /ɹiːm/ n
birinc
A bundle, package, or quantity of paper, nowadays usually containing 500 sheets.

reap /ɹip/ /ɹiːp/ v
kevçe
(transitive) To obtain or receive as a reward, in a good or a bad sense.

rear /ɹɪ(ə)ɹ/ /ɹɪə/ adj
qûn
Being behind, or in the hindmost part; hindmost

rear /ɹɪ(ə)ɹ/ /ɹɪə/ n
qûn
(military) Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.
(anatomy) The buttocks or bottom.

rear end n
dû

reason /ˈɹiːzən/ n
هۆ
That which causes something: an efficient cause, a proximate cause.
hîş
(uncountable) Rational thinking (or the capacity for it); the cognitive faculties, collectively, of conception, judgment, deduction and intuition.

rebuff /ɹɪˈbʌf/ v
avêtin
To refuse; to offer sudden or harsh resistance; to turn down or shut out.

recalcitrant /ɹɪ.ˈkæl.sɪ.tɹənt/ adj
vajî
Difficult to deal with or to operate.

receipt /ɹɪˈsiːt/ n
nusxe
(obsolete) A receptacle.
(obsolete) Capability of receiving; capacity.
(obsolete) A recess; a retired place.

receive /ɹɪˈsiːv/ v
standin
To take, as something that is offered, given, committed, sent, paid, etc.; to accept; to be given something.
To act as a host for guests; to give admittance to; to permit to enter, as into one's house, presence, company, etc.
(telecommunications) To detect a signal from a transmitter.
(sports) To be in a position to take possession, or hit back the ball.

recent /ˈɹiːsənt/ adj
nû
Having happened a short while ago.

recess /ɹiˈsɛs/ /ɹəˈsɛs/ /ɹɪˈsɛs/ /ˈɹiˌsɛs/ /ˈɹiːsɛs/ n
lîstik
(countable) A depressed, hollow, or indented space; also, a hole or opening.
jêkirin
(countable) A temporary stoppage of an activity; a break, a pause.
(countable) An act of retiring or withdrawing from public life, society, etc.; also, an act of living in retirement or seclusion, or a period of such retirement or seclusion.

recipe /ˈɹɛs.ə.pi/ /ˈɹɛs.ɪ.pi/ n
nusxe
Now especially, a set of instructions for making or preparing food dishes. [from 18th c.]

reciprocal /ɹɪˈsɪpɹək(ə)l/ adj
beraber
Of a feeling, action or such: mutual, uniformly felt or done by each party towards the other or others; two-way.

recital /ɹɪˈsaɪtl̩/ n
beyan
(legal) A formal, preliminary statement in a deed or writing in order to explain the reasons on which the transaction is founded, prior to a positive allegation.

reckless /ˈɹɛkləs/ adj
nezan
Careless or heedless; headstrong or rash.

reckon /ˈɹɛkən/ v
bawer kirin
(colloquial) To conclude, as by an enumeration and balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an objective clause

recollection /ɹɛkəˈlɛkʃən/ n
[[له‌بیربوون]]
The act of recollecting, or recalling to the memory; the act of recalling to memory.
That which is recollected; something called to mind; a reminiscence.

rectum /ˈɹɛktəm/ /ˈɹɛkˌtʌm/ n
tortorîk
(anatomy) The terminal part of the large intestine through which feces pass after exiting the colon, but before leaving the body through the anus.

recur /ɹɪˈkɜː(ɹ)/ v
vegerîn
(obsolete) To go to a location again; to return (to a place).

recycling n
veçerxandin
The practice of sorting and collecting waste materials for new use.

red /ɹɛd/ [ɻʷɛˑd̥] adj
sor
(of a, dog, or, its coat) Having a brown color.
Left-wing parties and movements, chiefly socialist or communist, including the U.K. Labour party and the Social Democratic Party of Germany.

red /ɹɛd/ [ɻʷɛˑd̥] n
sor
(countable, and, uncountable) The colour of the setting sun; the colour which is evoked by the longest visible wavelengths (between about 625–740 nm), and a primary additive colour.

red blood cell n
xiroka sor
(hematology, cytology) A type of cell in the blood of vertebrates that contains hemoglobin and transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues; an erythrocyte.

red cabbage n
sorkelem
(countable, uncountable) A form of cabbage having red leaves, Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra .

red deer n
ئاسک
A species of large deer, Cervus elaphus, found in Europe and southwestern Asia.

red fox n
rovî
(countable) A common species of fox, Vulpes vulpes native to North America, Asia, Europe and North Africa; small, with reddish fur, but larger than the arctic fox.

red poppy n
gulebûk
Any poppy with red flowers.

red squirrel n
pilêr
Sciurus vulgaris (Eurasian red squirrel), common in Europe and Asia.

red-eye /ˈɹɛdaɪ/ /ˈɹɛdˌaɪ/ n
persorik
The common rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus), a freshwater fish. [from 17th c.]

redeem /ɹɪˈdiːm/ v
çê kirin
(transitive) To repair, restore

redirection /ɹiːdaɪˈɹɛkʃən/ /ɹiːdəˈɹɛkʃən/ /ɹiːdɪˈɹɛkʃən/ n
beralîkirin
The act of setting a new direction.

reed /ɹiːd/ n
saz
(countable) Any of various types of tall stiff perennial grass-like plants growing together in groups near water.
qamîş
(countable) The hollow stem of these plants.
(countable, music) Part of the mouthpiece of certain woodwind instruments, comprising a thin piece of wood or metal which shakes very quickly to produce sound when a musician blows over it.
şan
(countable, weaving) A comb-like part of a beater for beating the weft when weaving.

reel /ɹiːl/ /ˈɹiːəl/ v
pêçan
To wind on a reel.

reeling /ɹiːlɪŋ/ n
gêjîtî

referee /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/ /ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/ n
pispor
A person who settles a dispute.
(UK) A person who writes a letter of reference or provides a reference by phone call for someone. US English: reference.
An expert who judges the manuscript of an article or book to decide if it should be published.

reference /ˈɹɛf.(ə)ɹəns/ /ˈɹɛfəɹɛns/ n
kanî
(academic writing) A previously published written work thus indicated; a source.

refinement /ɹəˈfaɪnmənt/ /ɹɪˈfaɪnmənt/ n
temîzkirin
The act, or the result of refining; the removal of impurities, or a purified material

reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ v
şewq dan
(transitive) To bend back (light, etc.) from a surface.
(intransitive) To be bent back (light, etc.) from a surface.
(transitive) To mirror, or show the image of something.

reflection /ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/ n
belûr
Something, such as an image, that is reflected.

reform /ɹəˈfɔɹm/ /ɹɪˈfɔɹm/ /ɹɪˈfɔːm/ /ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/ /ˌɹiːˈfɔːm/ n
guhartin
The change of something that is defective, broken, inefficient or otherwise negative, in order to correct or improve it

refrigerator /ɹəˈfɹɪd͡ʒəˌɹeɪɾɚ/ /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəˌɹeɪtə/ /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəˌɹeɪɾɚ/ n
sarinc
A household or commercial appliance used for keeping food fresh by refrigeration (short form fridge).

refuge /ˈɹɛfjuːd͡ʒ/ n
penageh
A state of safety, protection or shelter.

refugee /ɹɛfjʊˈd͡ʒiː/ /ˈɹɛfjʊd͡ʒiː/ n
penaber
A person seeking refuge in a foreign country out of fear of political persecution or the prospect of such persecution in their home country, i.e., a person seeking political asylum.
A person seeking refuge due to a natural disaster, war, etc.

refute /ɹəˈfjut/ /ɹɪˈfjuːt/ v
avêtin
(transitive, proscribed) To deny the truth or correctness of (something).

regard /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd/ /ɹɪˈɡɑːd/ v
berê xwe dan
(transitive) To consider, look upon (something) in a given way etc. [from 16th c.]
(transitive) To have to do with, to concern. [from 17th c.]
(transitive, obsolete) To set store by (something), to hold (someone) in esteem; to consider to have value, to respect. [from 16th c.]

register /ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tə/ /ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tɚ/ v
hatin nivisandin
(transitive) To enter in a register; to enlist.

register ton n
den
(nautical, obsolete) A unit of a ship's capacity equal to 100 cubic feet or 2.83 m3.

regular /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/ /ˈɹɛɡ.jʊ.lə/ /ˈɹɛɡ.l̩ɚ/ [ˈɹɛɡ.jɪ̈.lɚ] [ˈɹɛɡ.l̩ɚ] adj
bisîstem
Having a constant pattern; showing evenness of form or appearance. [from 15th c.]
(grammar, of a verb, plural, etc) Following a set or common pattern; according to the normal rules of a given language. [from 17th c.]

regulation /ˌɹɛɡjəˈleɪʃən/ /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/ n
bikeyskirin
(countable) A law or administrative rule, issued by an organization, used to guide or prescribe the conduct of members of that organization.

reign /ɹeɪn/ n
dewr
The exercise of sovereign power.
The period during which a monarch rules.

reindeer /ˈɹeɪndɪə/ /ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/ n
şivira kedî
(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.

reinforce /ˌɹi.ɪnˈfɔɹs/ /ˌɹiː.ɪnˈfoːs/ /ˌɹiː.ɪnˈfɔːs/ v
berik kirin
(transitive) To strengthen, especially by addition or augmentation.

reinforcement /ˌɹiːɪnˈfɔː(ɹ)smənt/ n
hewar
(in the plural) Additional troops or materiel sent to support a military action.

reject /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɹiː.d͡ʒɛkt/ v
avêtin
(transitive) To refuse to accept.

rejig /ɹiˈd͡ʒɪɡ/ /ɹiːˈd͡ʒɪɡ/ v
akort kirin
To rearrange or tweak (something), especially in order to improve it or make it suitable for some purpose.

related /ɹɪˈleɪtɪd/ adj
eleqedar
Standing in relation or connection.
eqrebe
Being a relative of.

relationship /ɹɪˈleɪ.ʃənˌʃɪp/ [ɹɪˈleɪ.ʃn̩ˌʃɪp] n
eqrebatî
Kinship; being related by blood or marriage.

relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ [tʰ] [ɾ] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv.li] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv] [ˈɹɛl.ə.ɾɪv] adj
dîmane
Connected to or depending on something else; comparative.

relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ [tʰ] [ɾ] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv.li] [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv] [ˈɹɛl.ə.ɾɪv] n
eqrebe
Someone connected by blood, marriage, or adoption; someone in the same family.

release /ɹiˈliːs/ /ɹəˈliːs/ /ɹɪˈliːs/ v
berdan
To let go (of); to cease to hold or contain.

relevant /ˈɹɛləvənt/ adj
eleqedar
Related, connected, or pertinent to a topic.

religion /ɹɪˈlɪd͡ʒən/ n
ol dîn
(uncountable) Belief in a spiritual or metaphysical reality (often including at least one deity), accompanied by practices or rituals pertaining to the belief.

religious /ɹɪ.ˈlɪd͡ʒ.əs/ adj
dînî
Belonging or pertaining to a religious order or religious congregation.

relinquish /ɹɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃ/ v
berdan
(transitive) To give up, abandon or retire from something. To trade away.
(transitive) To let go (free, away), physically release.
dest jê berdan
(transitive) To metaphorically surrender, yield control or possession.
(transitive) To accept to give up, withdraw etc.

remain /ɹɪˈmeɪn/ v
man
To continue unchanged in place, form, or condition, or undiminished in quantity; to abide; to stay; to endure; to last.

remedy /ˈɹɛmədi/ n
چاره‌سه‌ر
Something that corrects or counteracts.
A medicine, application, or treatment that relieves or cures a disease.

remember /ɹəˈmɛmbɚ/ /ɹɪˈmɛmbə/ /ɹɪˈmɛmbɚ/ /ˈmɛmbɚ/ /ˈɹɛmbɚ/ /ˈɹɪmbɚ/ v
anîn bîra xwe
To recall from one's memory; to have an image in one's memory.
[[له‌بیربوون]]
To memorize; to put something into memory.

remembrance /ɹɪ.ˈmɛm.bɹəns/ n
bîranîn
bîr
The act of remembering; a holding in mind, or bringing to mind; recollection.
The state of being remembered, or held in mind; memory, recollection.
[[له‌بیربوون]]
That which serves to keep in or bring to mind; a memento, a memorial, a souvenir, a token; a memorandum or note of something to be remembered.
The power of remembering; the reach of personal knowledge; the period over which one's memory extends.
(obsolete) Something to be remembered; an admonition, counsel, instruction.

reminder /ɹɪˈmaɪn.də/ /ɹɪˈmaɪn.dɚ/ n
bibîrxistin
Someone or something that reminds.

remission /ɹəˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ /ɹɪˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ n
efû
A pardon of a sin; (chiefly, historical, also, figuratively) the forgiveness of an offence, or relinquishment of a (legal) claim or a debt.

remit v
şandin
(transitive) To transmit or send (e.g. money in payment); to supply.

remote [ɹəˈməʊt] [ɹɪˈmoʊt] [ɹɪˈməʊt] [ˌɹiːˈməʊt] adj
dûr
Distant or otherwise inaccessible.

removal /ɹəˈmʉː.vəl/ /ɹɪˈmu.vəl/ /ɹɪˈmuː.vəl/ /ɹɪˈmʉː.vəl/ n
[[چه‌ماوه‌ر]]
(Ireland) An evening funeral ritual in which the coffin holding the deceased is brought, usually from a funeral home, to the church where the funeral mass will be celebrated the following day. Prayers are said before and after the journey, after which mourners are typically received at the home of the deceased.

remove /ɹɪˈmuːv/ v
hilanîn
(transitive) To move from one place to another, especially to take away.

remuneration /ɹə.mjuː.nəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ɹɪˌmjuː.nəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /ɹɪˌnuː.məˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
meaş
A payment for work done; wages, salary, emolument.

render /ˈɹɛn.də/ /ˈɹɛn.dɚ/ v
vegerandin
(ditransitive) To cause to become.
agahdar kirin
(transitive) To pass down.
wergerrandin
(transitive, dated) To give up; to yield; to surrender.

rendezvous /ˈɹɑndeɪ̯ˌvu/ /ˈɹɑndəˌvu/ /ˈɹɒndeɪ̯ˌvuː/ /ˈɹɒndɪˌvuː/ n
hevdîtin
A meeting or date.
An agreement to meet at a certain place and time.

renown /ɹɪˈnaʊn/ n
}faimă
Fame; celebrity; wide recognition.

renowned /ɹɪˈnaʊnd/ adj
binbar birêz navdar
Famous, celebrated, or well-known; widely praised or highly honored.

rent /ɹɛnt/ v
کرێ گرتن
(transitive) To take a lease of premises in exchange for rent.
(transitive) To obtain or have temporary possession of an object (e.g. a movie) in exchange for money.

repair /ɹəˈpɛɚ/ /ɹɪˈpɛə/ /ɹɪˈpɛɚ/ v
çê kirin
To restore to good working order, fix, or improve damaged condition; to mend; to remedy.

repercussion /ˌɹi.pɚˈkʌʃ.ən/ /ˌɹiː.pəˈkʌʃ.ən/ /ˌɹɛ.pɚˈkʌʃ.ən/ n
bandor
A consequence or ensuing result of some action.

repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/ [ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.n̩] n
dubare
The act or an instance of repeating or being repeated.

reply /ɹɪˈplaɪ/ n
bersiv
A written or spoken response; part of a conversation.

report /ɹəˈpoːt/ /ɹɪˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /ɹɪˈpoət/ /ɹɪˈpɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈpɔːt/ v
herhangi bir konuda bilgi vermek
(formal, transitive) To notify someone of (particular intelligence, suspicions, illegality, misconduct etc.); to make notification to relevant authorities; to submit a formal report of. [from 15th c.]

repose /ɹi-/ /ɹəˈpoʊz/ /ɹɪˈpəʊz/ n
aştî
(uncountable) The state of being peacefully inactive or relaxed, or being free from disturbances or worries; calmness, ease, peace, quietness.

represent /ˌɹep.ɹɪˈzent/ /ˌɹɛp.ɹɪˈzɛnt/ v
lê xistin
(transitive) To present again or anew; to present by means of something standing in the place of; to exhibit the counterpart or image of; to typify.
(transitive) To portray by mimicry or acting; to act the part or character of

representative /ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛnt(ət)ɪv/ n
nimînende
One who speaks for or acts on behalf of another in a particular (especially official) capacity. [from 17th c.]

repression n
fişar
The act of repressing; state of being repressed.

reprobate /ˈɹɛpɹəbət/ adj
adî
Immoral, having no religious or principled character.

reproduction /ˌɹiːpɹəˈdʌkʃən/ n
pirbûn
The act of reproducing new individuals biologically.
The act of making copies.
A copy of something, as in a piece of art; a duplicate.

republic /ɹəˈpʊb.lɪk/ /ɹəˈpʌb.lɪk/ /ɹɪˈpʊb.lɪk/ /ɹɪˈpʌb.lɪk/ n
komar
A state where sovereignty rests with the people or their representatives, rather than with a monarch or emperor; a country with no monarchy.
(archaic) A state, which may or may not be a monarchy, in which the executive and legislative branches of government are separate.

repudiate /ɹəˈpjuː.di.eɪt/ /ɹɪˈpjuː.di.eɪt/ v
avêtin
(transitive) To reject the truth or validity of; to deny.

reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/ n
ناو
What somebody or something is known for.

request /ɹɪˈkwɛst/ n
daxwaz
Act of requesting (with the adposition at in the presence of possessives, and on in their absence).

request /ɹɪˈkwɛst/ v
داوا کردن
(transitive, or, with a subjunctive clause) To ask for (something).
(transitive) To ask (somebody) to do something.

requiem /ˈɹɛ.kwi.əm/ /ˈɹɛ.kwi.ɛm/ n
mersiye
A musical composition for such a mass.

require /ɹɪˈkwaɪə/ /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹ/ /ɹɪˈkwʌɪɹ/ v
gerek kirin
Naturally to demand (something) as indispensable; to need, to call for as necessary. [from 15th c.]

research /ɹiˈsɝt͡ʃ/ /ɹɪˈsɜːt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹiˌsɝt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹiː.sɜːt͡ʃ/ n
lêkolîn
(uncountable, countable, _, in some dialects) Diligent inquiry or examination to seek or revise facts, principles, theories, applications, etc. (that are currently available, or that are familiar to one's self).
(countable, dated) A particular instance or piece of research.

research /ɹiˈsɝt͡ʃ/ /ɹɪˈsɜːt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹiˌsɝt͡ʃ/ /ˈɹiː.sɜːt͡ʃ/ v
lê pirsîn
(transitive) To search or examine with continued care; to seek diligently.
(intransitive) To make an extensive investigation into.

resent /ɹiˈzɛnt/ /ɹɪˈzɛnt/ v
xeyidîn
(transitive) To express displeasure or indignation at.

reservation /ˌɹɛzəˈveɪʃən/ /ˌɹɛzɚˈveɪʃən/ n
guman
(often, in the plural) A limiting qualification regarding certainty; a doubt.

reservoir /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vwɑɹ/ /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vwɔɹ/ /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vɔɹ/ /ˈɹɛz.ə.vwɑː(ɹ)/ n
deryaçe
A large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.

reside /ɹɪˈzaɪd/ v
lê man
To dwell permanently or for a considerable time; to have a settled abode for a time; to remain for a long time.

residence /ˈɹɛz.ɪ.dəns/ n
mal
The place where one lives (resides); one's home.

resident /ˈɹɛzɪd(ə)nt/ n
rûniştvan
A person, animal or plant living at a certain location or in a certain area.

resignation /ˌɹez.ɪɡˈnæɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɹɛz.ɪɡˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
îstîfa
The act of resigning.

resilient /ɹɪˈzɪl.jənt/ adj
qaîşokî
Returning quickly to original shape after force is applied; elastic. (of objects or substances)

resin /ˈɹɛzɪn/ n
benîştê qajê
A viscous hydrocarbon secretion of many plants, particularly coniferous trees.

resistance /ɹɪˈzɪstəns/ n
berhelistî
The act of resisting, or the capacity to resist.
tirûş
An underground organisation engaged in a struggle for liberation from forceful occupation; a resistance movement.

resistor /ɹɪˈzɪstə/ /ɹɪˈzɪstɚ/ n
tirûş
(electronics) An electric component that transmits current in direct proportion to the voltage across it.

resolution /ˌɹɛzəˈl(j)uʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɹɛzəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ n
bîryar
The state of being resolute.
çare
(math) The act or process of solving; solution.

resource /ɹɪˈso(ː)ɹs/ /ɹɪˈsoəs/ /ɹɪˈsɔɹs/ /ɹɪˈsɔːs/ /ɹɪˈzo(ː)ɹs/ /ɹɪˈzoəs/ /ɹɪˈzɔɹs/ /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ /ˈɹi(ː)so(ː)ɹs/ /ˈɹisɔɹs/ /ˈɹiːsoəs/ /ˈɹiːsɔːs/ n
kanî
Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel.
هێز
A person's capacity to deal with difficulty.

respiratory system n
koendama henaseyê
(anatomy) The system of organs serving for respiration.

resplendent /ɹɪˈsplɛn.dənt/ adj
balkêş
Shiny and colourful, and thus pleasing to the eye.

response /ɹɪˈspɑns/ /ɹɪˈspɒns/ n
cewab
An answer or reply, or something in the nature of an answer or reply.

rest /ɹɛst/ n
aştî
(uncountable, of a person or animal) Relief from work or activity by sleeping; sleep.
(uncountable) Peace; freedom from worry, anxiety, annoyances; tranquility.
(euphemistic, uncountable) A final position after death.
bêdengî
(music, countable) A written symbol indicating such a pause in a musical score such as in sheet music.

rest /ɹɛst/ v
man
(intransitive) To stay, remain, be situated.

restaurant /ˈɹɛs.t(ə).ɹ(ə)nt/ /ˈɹɛs.t(ə).ɹɒnt/ /ˈɹɛs.t(ə).ɹɒ̃/ /ˈɹɛs.t(ə).ɹənt/ /ˈɹɛs.t(ə)ˌɹɑnt/ n
restoran
An eating establishment in which diners are served food, usually by waiters at their tables but sometimes (as in a fast food restaurant) at a counter.

restore /ɹɪˈsto(ː)ɹ/ /ɹɪˈstoə/ /ɹɪˈstɔɹ/ /ɹɪˈstɔː/ v
vegerandin
(transitive) To give or bring back (that which has been lost or taken); to bring back to the owner; to replace.

restrict /ɹɪˈstɹɪkt/ v
sînor danîn
To restrain within boundaries; to limit; to confine

restroom n
banyo
(US, Philippines, euphemism) A room containing a public toilet: a public lavatory.

result /ɹɪˈzʌlt/ n
netîce
That which results; the conclusion or end to which any course or condition of things leads, or which is obtained by any process or operation; consequence or effect.
fêkî
The final product, beneficial or tangible effect(s) achieved by effort.

resumption n
destpêkirin
The act of resuming or starting something again.

retain /ɹi-/ /ɹəˈteɪn/ /ɹɪˈteɪn/ v
asteng bûn
To keep (something) in control or possession; to continue having (something); to keep back.

retribution /ˌɹɛt.ɹɪ.ˈbju.ʃən/ n
heyf
Punishment inflicted in the spirit of moral outrage or personal vengeance.

return /ɹɪˈtɜːn/ /ɹɪˈtɝn/ n
سوود
Gain or loss from an investment.

return /ɹɪˈtɜːn/ /ɹɪˈtɝn/ v
vegerîn
(intransitive) To come or go back (to a place or person).
vegerandin
(transitive) To give something back to its original holder or owner.

revanche /ɹəˈvænt͡ʃ/ /ɹəˈvɑnt͡ʃ/ /ɹəˈvɑ̃ʃ/ n
heyf
Revenge or retaliation.

reveal /ɹəˈvil/ /ɹəˈviːl/ /ɹɪˈvil/ /ɹɪˈviːl/ [ɹɪˈvɪil] v
diyar bûn
(transitive) To uncover; to show and display that which was hidden.

revenant /ˈɹɛvənənt/ n
spêle
A supernatural being that returns from the dead; a zombie or ghost.

revenge /ɹiˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ /ɹəˈvendʒ/ /ɹəˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ /ɹɪˈvɛnd͡ʒ/ n
heyf
Any form of personal, retaliatory action against an individual, institution, or group for some alleged or perceived harm or injustice.

revenue /ɹɪˈvɛnjuː/ /ˈɹɛvənjuː/ /ˈɹɛvəˌn(j)u/ n
desketî
The income returned by an investment.

revert /ɹiˈvɝt/ /ɹɪˈvɜːt/ /ɹɪˈvɝt/ /ˈɹiˌvɝt/ /ˈɹiːˌvɜːt/ v
vegerîn
veketin
(transitive, now, rare) To turn back, or turn to the contrary; to reverse.

revolution /ˌɹɛv.əˈl(j)uː.ʃən/ n
şoreş
A political upheaval in a government or state characterized by great change.
Rotation: the turning of an object around an axis, one complete turn of an object during rotation.
In the case of celestial bodies, the traversal of one body along an orbit around another body.
A sudden, vast change in a situation, a discipline, or the way of thinking and behaving.

revolve /ɹɪˈvɒlv/ v
zivirîn
(intransitive) To orbit a central point (especially of a celestial body). [from 17th c.]
(transitive, now, rare) To ponder on; to reflect repeatedly upon; to consider all aspects of. [from 15th c.]

revolver /ɹɪˈvɒl.vɚ/ n
revolver
(firearms) A handgun with a revolving chamber enabling several shots to be fired without reloading.

reward /ɹiˈwɔɹd/ /ɹəˈwɔɹd/ /ɹəˈwɔːd/ /ɹɪˈwɑː(ɹ)d/ /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ /ɹɪˈwɔːd/ n
meaş
Something of value given in return for an act.

rhenium /ˈɹiːniəm/ n
renyûm
A metallic chemical element (symbol Re) with an atomic number of 75: a heavy, silvery-gray transition metal.

rheumatism /ˈɹu.məˌtɪz.əm/ /ˈɹu.məˌtɪz/ n
rumatism
(pathology) Any disorder of the muscles, tendons, joints, bones, nerves, characterized by pain, discomfort and disability.

rheumatology n
romatolojî
(medicine) The branch of medicine specializing in arthritis and other ailments of the joints.

rhinarium n
difin
The naked surface of skin around the external openings of the nostrils of the nose in most mammals, usually more or less moist and embossed.

rhinoceros /ɹaɪˈnɑ.sə.ɹəs/ /ɹaɪˈnɒs.ə.ɹəs/ /ɹɑɪˈnɔs.ə.ɹəs/ n
yek qoç
Any of several large herbivorous ungulates native to Africa and Asia of the five extant species in the three extant genera in the family Rhinocerotidae, with thick, gray skin and one or two horns on their snouts.

rhodium /ˈɹoʊdiəm/ n
rodyûm
A rare, hard, silvery-white, inert metallic chemical element (symbol Rh) with an atomic number of 45.

rhubarb /ˈɹuˌbɑɹb/ /ˈɹuːbɑːb/ [ɹɪu̯-] [ˈɹuːbaɹb] n
rêvas
Any plant of the genus Rheum, especially Rheum rhabarbarum, having large leaves and long green or reddish acidic leafstalks that are edible, in particular when cooked (although the leaves are mildly poisonous).

rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/ /ˈɹɪθ.əm/ [ˈɹɪð.m̩] n
rîtm
The variation of strong and weak elements (such as duration, accent) of sounds, notably in speech or music, over time; a beat or meter.
A flow, repetition or regularity.
The tempo or speed of a beat, song or repetitive event.

rib /ɹɪb/ n
perasû
A cut of meat enclosing one or more rib bones.
demar
(architectural element) A long, narrow, usually arched member projecting from the surface of a structure, especially such a member separating the webs of a vault

rib cage n
sîng
(skeleton) A part of the skeleton within the thoracic area consisting of ribs, sternum and thoracic vertebrae.
The enclosed area created by and within the ribs.

ribbon cable n
سفره‌
A cable with many conducting wires running parallel to each other on the same flat plane; often used for internal peripherals in a computer.

ribosome /ˈɹaɪbəˌsoʊm/ /ˈɹaɪbəˌsəʊm/ /ˈɹaɪbəˌzoʊm/ /ˈɹaɪbəˌzəʊm/ n
rîbozom
(biology, cytology) A small organelle found in all cells; involved in the production of proteins by translating messenger RNA. [from 20th c.]

rice /ɹaɪs/ n
birinc riz
(countable) A specific variety of this plant.
(uncountable) The seeds of this plant used as food.

rich /ɹɪt͡ʃ/ adj
خاوه‌ن پاره‌
Wealthy: having a lot of money and possessions.

richness /ˈɹɪt͡ʃnəs/ n
serwet
(uncountable) The state or quality of being rich; wealthiness, wealth, riches.

riddle /ˈɹɪdəl/ v
heft
To put something through a riddle or sieve; to sieve; to sift.

ride /ɹaɪd/ n
amûr
meshyan
An instance of riding.

ride /ɹaɪd/ v
siwar bûn
(intransitive, transitive) To transport oneself by sitting on and directing a horse, later also a bicycle etc. [from 8th c., transitive usage from 9th c.]
(intransitive, transitive) To be transported in a vehicle; to travel as a passenger. [from 9th c., transitive usage from 19th c.]
hilketin
(intransitive, transitive, slang, vulgar) To mount (someone) to have sex with them; to have sexual intercourse with. [from 13th c.]

rider /ˈɹaɪ.də/ /ˈɹaɪ.dəɹ/ /ˈɹɑɪ.də/ [ˈɹ̠aɪdə] [ˈɹ̠aɪɾɚ] [ˈɹ̠äɪɾɚ] [ˈɹ̠ʷɑe̯də] n
siwar
(generally) Someone who rides a horse or (later) a bicycle, motorcycle etc. [from 14th c.]
(cartomancy) The first Lenormand card, also known as either the horseman or the cavalier.

ridge /ɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
pişt
The line along which two sloping surfaces meet which diverge towards the ground.
rêzeçiya
A chain of mountains.
mişar
A chain of hills.

riff /ɹɪf/ n
awaz
A repeated instrumental melody line in a song.

rifle /ˈɹaɪfəl/ n
tfeng
(weaponry) A firearm fired from the shoulder; improved range and accuracy is provided by a long, rifled barrel.

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ /ˈɹiːt/ /ˈɹʌɪt/ [-ɾ̥] [-ʔ] [ɹei̯t] [ɹəi̯t] [ˈɹaɪt] [ˈɹaɪθ̠] [ˈɹäːtʰ] [ˈɹɑe̯t] [ˈɹɒɪʔ] [ˈɻɐʏt] adj
hilû
(archaic) Straight, not bent.
heq
(geometry) Of an angle, having a size of 90 degrees, or one quarter of a complete rotation; the angle between two perpendicular lines.
(geography) Designating the bank of a river (etc.) on one's right when facing downstream (i.e. facing forward while floating with the current); that is, the south bank of a river that flows eastward. If this arrow: ⥴ shows the direction of the current, the tilde is on the right side of the river.
baş
Complying with justice, correctness, or reason; correct, just, true. See also the interjection senses below.
kevneperest
(politics) Pertaining to the political right; conservative.

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ /ˈɹiːt/ /ˈɹʌɪt/ [-ɾ̥] [-ʔ] [ɹei̯t] [ɹəi̯t] [ˈɹaɪt] [ˈɹaɪθ̠] [ˈɹäːtʰ] [ˈɹɑe̯t] [ˈɹɒɪʔ] [ˈɻɐʏt] interjection
a
I have listened to what you just said and I acknowledge your assertion or opinion, regardless of whether I agree with it (opinion) or can verify it (assertion).
na
Used to check listener engagement and (especially) agreement at the end of an utterance or each segment thereof.

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ /ˈɹiːt/ /ˈɹʌɪt/ [-ɾ̥] [-ʔ] [ɹei̯t] [ɹəi̯t] [ˈɹaɪt] [ˈɹaɪθ̠] [ˈɹäːtʰ] [ˈɹɑe̯t] [ˈɹɒɪʔ] [ˈɻɐʏt] n
heq
A legal, just or moral entitlement.
The right side or direction.

right away adv
niha
(idiomatic) Very soon; quickly; immediately.

right wing n
rast
(politics) The more right-wing faction of a group or party.

right-winger n
rast
(political) A person who belongs to the political right.

rightard n
rast
(slang, derogatory, political) A person of right-wing political views.

rigid /ˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪd/ adj
req
Stiff, rather than flexible.
قایم
Fixed, rather than moving.
Rigorous and unbending.
Uncompromising.

rigmarole /ˈɹɪɡməɹoʊl/ /ˈɹɪɡməɹəʊl/ n
pitpit
Nonsense; confused and incoherent talk.

rile /ɹaɪl/ v
arandin
(in particular) To make angry.

ring /ɹi(ː)ŋ/ /ɹɪŋ/ n
gustîl
A round piece of (precious) metal worn around the finger or through the ear, nose, etc.
تليفون
(colloquial) A telephone call.

ring /ɹi(ː)ŋ/ /ɹɪŋ/ v
dizî kirin
(intransitive) Of a bell, etc., to produce a resonant sound.
(transitive) To make (a bell, etc.) produce a resonant sound.
(intransitive, figuratively) To produce the sound of a bell or a similar sound.
تليفون
(intransitive, figuratively) Of something spoken or written, to appear to be, to seem, to sound.

rip off v
jêkirin
(literally) To pull off by ripping.

ripe /ɹaɪp/ adj
baliq
(of fruits, vegetables, seeds etc.) Ready for reaping or gathering; having attained perfection; mature.
tû
(archaic) Maturated or suppurated; ready to discharge. (said of sores, tumors, etc.)
Ready for action or effect; prepared.

ripen /ˈɹaɪpən/ v
gihiştin
(transitive) To cause (something) to mature; to make ripe
(transitive) To mature; to fit or prepare; to bring to perfection

rise /ɹaɪs/ /ɹaɪz/ v
hilketin
(intransitive) To move, or appear to move, physically upwards relative to the ground.

riser /ˈɹaɪ.zə(ɹ)/ n
eynik
(carpentry) A vertical part of a step on a staircase.

risky /ˈɹɪski/ adj
talûke
Dangerous, involving risks.

rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/ n
reqîb
A competitor (person, team, company, etc.) with the same goal as another, or striving to attain the same thing. Defeating a rival may be a primary or necessary goal of a competitor.
Someone or something with similar claims of quality or distinction as another.

river /ˈɹɪvə/ /ˈɹɪvɚ/ n
çem robar
A large and often winding stream which drains a land mass, carrying water down from higher areas to a lower point, oftentimes ending in another body of water, such as an ocean or in an inland sea.
çem
Any large flow of a liquid in a single body.

riverbed /ˈɹɪv.əˌbed/ /ˈɹɪv.əˌbɛd/ /ˈɹɪv.ɚˌbɛd/ [ˈɹɪv.ɚˌbeː] n
text
(hydrology) The path where a river runs, or where a river once ran; the bottom earthen part of a river, not including the riverbanks.

rivulet /ˈɹɪv.jə.lət/ n
çay
A small brook or stream; a streamlet; a gill.

road /rod/ /ɹoʊd/ /ɹəʊd/ n
rê
A way used for travelling between places, originally one wide enough to allow foot passengers and horses to travel, now (US) usually one surfaced with asphalt or concrete and designed to accommodate many vehicles travelling in both directions. In the UK both senses are heard: a country road is the same as a country lane. [from 16th c.]
(figuratively) A path chosen, as in life or career. [from 17th c.]
(US, railroads) A railway or (UK, railroads) a single railway track. [from 19th c.]
(nautical, often, in the plural) A partly sheltered area of water near a shore in which vessels may ride at anchor; a roadstead. [from 14th c.]

road salt n
têrxwê
Salt used for deicing and anti-icing of roads.

roadway n
(rrége)
A way used as a road.

roam /ɹoʊm/ /ɹəʊm/ v
gerîn
(intransitive) To wander or travel freely and with no specific destination.

roast /ɹoʊst/ /ɹəʊst/ v
agir
To heat to excess; to heat violently; to burn.
(transitive, figuratively) To admonish someone vigorously.

robber /ˈɹɑ.bɚ/ /ˈɹɒb.ə(ɹ)/ n
eşqiya
A person who robs.
An animal who robs.

robe /ɹoʊb/ /ɹəʊb/ n
manto
A long loose outer garment, often signifying honorary stature.

robin /ˈɹɑː.bɪn/ /ˈɹɒ.bɪn/ n
bersorik
A European robin, Erithacus rubecula.

robot /ˈɹoʊ.bɑt/ /ˈɹoʊ.bət/ /ˈɹəʊ.bɒt/ n
robot
(chiefly, science fiction) An intelligent mechanical being designed to look like a human or other creature, and usually made from metal. [from 20th c.]
(figuratively) A person who does not seem to have any emotions or individuality. [from 20th c.]

robotic /ɹoʊˈbɑt.ɪk/ /ɹəʊˈbɒt.ɪk/ /ɹəˈbɒt.ɪk/ [ɹoʊˈbɑɾɪk] adj
robotîk
Of, relating to, or resembling a robot; mechanical, lacking emotion or personality, etc.

robotics /ɹoʊˈbɑt.ɪks/ /ɹəʊˈbɒt.ɪks/ [ɹoʊˈbɑɾɪks] n
robotîk
The science and technology of robots, their design, manufacture, and application

rock /ɹɑk/ /ɹɒk/ /ɹɔk/ n
kevir
(chiefly British) A boulder or large stone; or (US, Canada) a smaller stone; a pebble.
(slang) A precious stone or gem, especially a diamond.
(uncountable) The naturally occurring aggregate of solid mineral matter that constitutes a significant part of the earth's crust.
A mass of stone projecting out of the ground or water.

rock /ɹɑk/ /ɹɒk/ /ɹɔk/ v
sallamak
(transitive, and, intransitive) To move gently back and forth.

rock salt n
xwêya kevir
(mineral) The mineral halite.
Coarsely ground common salt.

rocket scientist /ˌɹɑkət ˈsaɪəntəst/ /ˌɹɒkɪt ˈsaɪəntɪst/ n
ser
(hyperbolic, idiom, chiefly in the negative) One qualified to handle or understand things which are very complex or confusing; a very intelligent person.

rod /ɹɑd/ /ɹɒd/ n
darik
A straight, round stick, shaft, bar, cane, or staff.
birinc
A stick, pole, or bundle of switches or twigs (such as a birch), used for personal defense or to administer corporal punishment by whipping.
yard
(archaic) A unit of area equal to a square rod, 30+1⁄4 square yards or 1⁄160 acre.

rodent /ˈɹəʊdənt/ n
kirrîner
A mammal of the order Rodentia, characterized by long incisors that grow continuously and are worn down by gnawing.

roentgenium /ɹɛntˈɡɛniəm/ /ɹʌntˈɡɛniəm/ n
ûnûnûnyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Rg) with atomic number 111.

rogation /ɹoʊˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ /ɹəʊˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
dua
A deeply serious and somber prayer or entreaty.

roger /ˈɹɑd͡ʒɚ/ /ˈɹɒd͡ʒə/ interjection
xwarin
(radio telecommunications) Received (used in radio communications to acknowledge that a message has been received and understood)

role /ɹol/ /ɹoʊl/ /ɹɐʉl/ /ɹəʊl/ [ɹʷoʊɫ] [ɹʷɒʊɫ] n
dewr
A character or part played by a performer or actor.
The function or position of something.

role model n
nimûne
A person who serves as an example, whose behavior is emulated by others.

roll /ɹol/ /ɹoʊl/ /ɹɐʉl/ /ɹəʊl/ [ɹ̠ʷoɫ] [ɹ̠ʷɒʊɫ] v
pêçan
(transitive) To bind or involve by winding, as with a bandage; to enwrap; often with up.

roll call v
sêv
(transitive) To read aloud from a list of names, in order to determine who is present or absent.

roly-poly /ˈɹoʊliˈpoʊli/ /ˌɹəʊlɪˈpəʊli/ n
kulî
A toy that rights itself when pushed over.

romanticism /ɹəʊˈmæntɪsɪzəm/ n
romantîzm
A romantic quality, spirit or action.

roof /ɹuf/ /ɹuːf/ /ɹʊf/ n
ban
(architecture) The external covering at the top of a building.

rook /ɹuːk/ /ɹʉk/ /ɹʊk/ n
qirika reş
A European bird, Corvus frugilegus, of the crow family.

rookie /ˈɹʊki/ n
şîn
An inexperienced recruit, especially in the police or armed forces.
kesk
A novice.

room /ɹum/ /ɹuːm/ /ɹʉm/ /ɹʊm/ n
cîh
(archaic) A particular portion of space. [from 11th c.]
(obsolete) Place; stead.
valageh
(countable) A separate part of a building, enclosed by walls, a floor and a ceiling. [from 15th c.]

roomy /ˈɹuːmi/ /ˈɹʊmi/ adj
gewre
Spacious, expansive, comfortable.

rooster /ˈɹustəɹ/ /ˈɹuːstə/ n
dîk
(North America, Kent, Australia, NZ) A male domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) or other gallinaceous bird.

root /ɹuːt/ /ɹʉt/ /ɹʊt/ n
kok rîş
The part of a plant, generally underground, that anchors and supports the plant body, absorbs and stores water and nutrients, and in some plants is able to perform vegetative reproduction.
The part of a tooth extending into the bone holding the tooth in place.
The part of a hair under the skin that holds the hair in place.
(arithmetic) Of a number or expression, a number which, when raised to a specified power, yields the specified number or expression.

rope /ɹoʊp/ /ɹəʊp/ n
kindir
(uncountable) Thick strings, yarn, monofilaments, metal wires, or strands of other cordage that are twisted together to form a stronger line.
(computer science) A data structure resembling a string, using a concatenation tree in which each leaf represents a character.

rosary /ˈɹoʊzəɹi/ n
tizbî
Prayer beads, a string of beads used to keep track of repetitions in prayer, particularly in the Roman Catholic Marian prayer "Hail Mary" (Ave Maria)

rose /ɹoʊz/ /ɹəʊz/ [ɹ̠ʷəʊz̥] [ɻʷö̞ʊz̥] adj
pembe
Having a purplish-red or pink color; rosy.

rose /ɹoʊz/ /ɹəʊz/ [ɹ̠ʷəʊz̥] [ɻʷö̞ʊz̥] n
pembe
A shrub of the genus Rosa, with red, pink, white or yellow flowers.
A flower of the rose plant.
Something resembling a rose flower.
(countable, uncountable) A purplish-red or pink colour, the colour of some rose flowers.
sêv
A round nozzle for a sprinkling can or hose.

rosemary /ˈɹoʊzˌmɛəɹi/ /ˈɹəʊzməɹi/ n
XXX
A shrub, Salvia rosmarinus (formerly Rosmarinus officinalis), that originates from Europe and Asia Minor and produces a fragrant herb used in cooking and perfumes.

rosewater /ˈɹəʊzˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/ n
ava gulan
A liquid produced by steeping rose petals in water, used as a coloring agent and flavoring ingredient in certain foods.

rot /ɹɑt/ /ɹɒt/ /ɹɔt/ v
rizîn
(intransitive) To suffer decomposition due to biological action, especially by fungi or bacteria.

rotate /ɹəʊˈteɪt/ /ˈɹoʊteɪt/ v
zivirîn
(intransitive) To spin, turn, or revolve.
(transitive) To spin, turn, or revolve something.

rotation /ɹoʊˈteɪʃən/ n
dewr
(chiefly, uncountable) The act of turning around a centre or an axis.
(baseball) The set of starting pitchers of a team.

round /ˈɹaʊnd/ adj
girrovirr
(physical) Of shape:
Circular or cylindrical; having a circular cross-section in one direction.
Lacking sharp angles; having gentle curves.
Plump.
(of a number) Convenient for rounding other numbers to; for example, ending in a zero.
(authorship, of a fictional character) Well-written and well-characterized; complex and reminiscent of a real person.

round /ˈɹaʊnd/ n
dest
A serving of something; a portion of something to each person in a group.
A brewer's vessel in which the fermentation is concluded, the yeast escaping through the bunghole.
rayeka navdêrî
A single individual portion or dose of medicine.
A firearm cartridge, bullet, or any individual ammunition projectile. Originally referring to the spherical projectile ball of a smoothbore firearm. Compare round shot and solid shot.

roundel /ˈɹaʊn.dəl/ n
kevjala qehweyî
(heraldiccharge) A circular spot; a charge in the form of a small coloured circle.

route /ɹaʊt/ /ɹut/ /ɹuːt/ /ɹʉːt/ n
rê
A course or way which is traveled or passed.
rêç
(figuratively) One of multiple methods or approaches to doing something.

routine /ɹuːˈtiːn/ adj
alelade
Ordinary with nothing to distinguish it from all the others.

routine /ɹuːˈtiːn/ n
hejmar
A set piece of an entertainer's act.

row /ˈɹoʊ/ /ˈɹəʊ/ n
rîz
A line of objects, often regularly spaced, such as seats in a theatre, vegetable plants in a garden, etc.

rowboat /ˈɹəʊbəʊt/ n
qayîk
(US) A small open boat propelled by oars (by rowing).

rubber /ˈɹɐbə/ /ˈɹʊbə/ /ˈɹʊbəɹ/ /ˈɹʌbə/ /ˈɹʌbəɹ/ /ˈɹʌbɚ/ n
kondom
(countable, North America, slang) A condom.

rubbernecker /ˈrʌbəˌnɛkə/ /ˈrʌbɚˌnɛkɚ/ n
bi
(originally, US) A person who rubbernecks; someone who cranes their neck as though it were made of rubber to see something (such as a tourist attraction) or to watch an event (such as an accident); a rubberneck.

rubidium /ˌɹuːˈbɪd.i.əm/ n
rûbîdyûm
The chemical element (symbol Rb) with an atomic number of 37. It is a soft, highly reactive alkali metal.

ruction /ˈɹʌk.ʃən/ n
tefrika
A noisy quarrel or fight.

rudeness n
çolsî
The property of being rude.

ruff /ɹəf/ /ɹʌf/ n
tûfiringî
A circular frill or ruffle on a garment, especially a starched, fluted frill at the neck in Elizabethan and Jacobean England (1560s–1620s).

rug /ɹʌɡ/ n
berr
A partial covering for a floor. [1624]

ruin /ˈɹuː.ɪn/ [ˈɹuwɪn] n
شوێنه‌وار
(countable, sometimes, in the plural) The remains of a destroyed or dilapidated construction, such as a house or castle.

ruin /ˈɹuː.ɪn/ [ˈɹuwɪn] v
ruxandin
(transitive) To cause the fiscal ruin of; to bankrupt or drive out of business.
tune kirin
To destroy or make something no longer usable.
To upset or overturn the plans or progress of, or to have a disastrous effect on something.
To reveal the ending of (a story); to spoil.

rulership /ˈɹuːlə(ɹ)ʃɪp/ n
karîn
A position in which one rules or has sovereignty over others.

rumble /ˈɹʌmb(ə)l/ v
ژیان
(slang, intransitive) To fight; to brawl.

rumen /ˈɹu.mən/ n
şorbehûr
The first compartment of the stomach of a cow or other ruminants.

rumor /ˈɹumɚ/ /ˈɹuːmə(ɹ)/ n
dengo
(countable) A statement or claim of questionable accuracy, from no known reliable source, usually spread by word of mouth.
(uncountable) Information or misinformation of the kind contained in such claims.

rump /ˈɹʌmp/ n
qûn
The buttocks.

run /ɹʊn/ /ɹʌn/ n
bezîn
Act or instance of running, of moving rapidly using the feet.

run /ɹʊn/ /ɹʌn/ v
bezîn
(transitive) To cause to move quickly or lightly.
(intransitive, figuratively) To move or spread quickly.
To cause to be drawn; to mark out; to indicate; to determine.
To have a legal course; to be attached; to continue in force, effect, or operation; to follow; to go in company.
meşîn
(intransitive) Of a machine, including computer programs, to be operating or working normally.

run along v
çûn
To leave; to make one's way somewhere else.

run out v
kuta bûn
(intransitive) To expire; to come to an end; to be completely used up or consumed.

run out the clock v
bestin
(idiomatic, sports) To preserve a lead in a game by retaining possession, to waste time.

running /ˈɹʌniŋ/ n
meşîn
The action of the verb to run.
(physics) The dependence of measured value, typically a coupling constant, on the energy scale at which it is probed due to higher-order interaction terms and associated renormalization issues becoming relevant; metaphorically, the "running" of the measurement from its limiting macroscopic value.

rush /ɹʌʃ/ v
lez kirin
(transitive, or, intransitive) To hurry; to perform a task with great haste, often not properly or without thinking carefully.

rust /ɹʌst/ n
ژه‌نگ
The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation.

rutabaga /ˈɹutəˌbeɪɡə/ n
şêlim
(now, North America) The edible root of this plant

ruthenium /ɹuːˈθiːniəm/ n
rûtenyûm
A metallic chemical element (symbol Ru) with an atomic number of 44.

rutherfordium /ˌɹʌðəɹˈfɔːɹdiəm/ n
rûtherfordiyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Rf) with an atomic number of 104.

rye /ɹaɪ/ n
şilêl açar
The grass Secale cereale from which the grain is obtained. [from 14th c.]

sable /ˈseɪbəl/ /ˈseɪbɫ/ adj
reş
Of the black colour sable.
(tincture) : In blazon, of the colour black.

sable /ˈseɪbəl/ /ˈseɪbɫ/ n
reş
(tincture) A black colour on a coat of arms (Wikipedia).
(countable, and, uncountable) A dark brown colour, resembling the fur of some sables.

sack /sæk/ n
girfan
A bag; especially a large bag of strong, coarse material for storage and handling of various commodities, such as potatoes, coal, coffee; or, a bag with handles used at a supermarket, a grocery sack; or, a small bag for small items, a satchel.
(informal) Dismissal from employment, or discharge from a position.
qerewêle
(colloquial, US, literally, or, figurative) Bed.

sack out v
ava bûn
(slang) To fall asleep, usually from implied exhaustion.

sacred /ˈseɪkɹɪd/ adj
pîroz
Characterized by solemn religious ceremony or religious use, especially, in a positive sense; consecrated, made holy.

sacrifice /-faɪz/ /ˈsækɹəˌfaɪs/ /ˈsækɹɪfaɪs/ n
قوربانی
A human being or an animal, or a physical object or immaterial thing (see sense 1.3), offered to a deity.

sacrifice /-faɪz/ /ˈsækɹəˌfaɪs/ /ˈsækɹɪfaɪs/ v
قوربانی
(religion) To offer (a human being or an animal, or an object) to a deity.
To destroy or kill (a human being or an animal); specifically (science) , to kill (an animal) for a scientific experiment or test.
(religion) To offer a human being or an animal, or an object, to a deity.

sacrosanct /ˈsæk.ɹoʊˌsæŋkt/ adj
pîroz
Sacred, very holy.

sad /sæd/ adj
xemgîn
Causing sorrow; lamentable.
Feeling sorrow; sorrowful, mournful.
Poor in quality, bad; shameful, deplorable; later, regrettable, poor.
(slang) Unfashionable; socially inadequate or undesirable.

sadden /ˈsædən/ v
jê xwarin
(transitive) To make sad or unhappy.

saddle /ˈsæd(ə)l/ /ˈsædl̩/ n
kurtan
A seat for a rider, typically made of leather and raised in the front and rear, placed on the back of a horse or other animal, and secured by a strap around the animal's body.

saddle horse n
berzîn
A horse that has been specially trained for riding, specifically the American Saddlebred. [from 17th c.]

sadism /ˈseɪdɪzəm/ n
sadomazoşîzm
Achievement of sexual gratification by inflicting pain or humiliation on others, or watching pain or humiliation inflicted on others.

sadness /ˈsædnəs/ n
خه‌فه‌ت
(uncountable) The state or emotion of being sad.
keder
(countable) An event in one's life that causes sadness.

sadomasochism /seɪdəʊˈmæsəkɪzəm/ n
sadomazoşîzm
The practices of sadism and masochism collectively, usually in reference to consensual practices within the BDSM community.
Sadism and masochism: the (often sexual) enjoyment by one person of both inflicting and receiving pain.

safe /seɪf/ adj
bariste
(UK, slang) Great, cool, awesome, respectable; a term of approbation, often as interjection.

safety /ˈseɪfti/ n
asayîş
The condition or feeling of being safe; security; certainty.

saffron /ˈsæfəɹn/ /ˈsæfɹən/ n
zaferan
A plant of species Crocus sativus, a crocus.
A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent.
An orange-yellow colour, the colour of a lion's pelt.

sag /sæɡ/ v
daketin
(by extension) To lean, give way, or settle from a vertical position.

saga /ˈsɑːɡə/ n
saga
An Old Norse (Icelandic) prose narrative, especially one dealing with family or social histories and legends.
Something with the qualities of such a saga; an epic, a long story.

sail /seɪl/ [seɪ̯ɫ] n
baberik
(nautical) A piece of fabric attached to a boat and arranged such that it causes the wind to drive the boat along. The sail may be attached to the boat via a combination of mast, spars and ropes.
birc
A tower-like structure found on the dorsal (topside) surface of submarines.

sail /seɪl/ [seɪ̯ɫ] v
seyirîn
To ride in a boat, especially a sailboat.

sailor /ˈseɪ.lə/ /ˈseɪ.lɚ/ n
deryavan
In particular, a member of the crew of a (civilian or military) vessel, as opposed to a captain, admiral, etc.; a mariner; a common seaman.

saker /ˈseɪkə/ /ˈseɪkɚ/ n
balaban
A falcon (Falco cherrug) native of Southern Europe and Asia.

sal /sɑːl/ n
xwê
Shorea robusta, a dipterocarpaceous tree.

salad /ˈsæləd/ /ˈsælɪd/ /ˈsælɪt/ n
selete
A food made primarily of a mixture of raw or cold ingredients, typically vegetables, usually served with a dressing such as vinegar or mayonnaise.

salariat n
mûçexwer
(economics) Salary earners as a class or group, often as opposed to wage earners.

salaried adj
mehanedar
Paid monthly as opposed to weekly.

salary /ˈsæl.ə.ɹi/ /ˈsæl.ɚ.i/ n
meaş
A fixed amount of money paid to a worker, usually calculated on a monthly or annual basis, not hourly, as wages. Implies a degree of professionalism and/or autonomy.

sale /seɪl/ n
firotin
An exchange of goods or services for currency or credit.
mezad
The act of putting up for auction to the highest bidder.

salesman n
firoşkar
A man whose job it is to sell things, either in a shop/store or elsewhere.

salesperson n
firoşkar
A person whose job is to sell things, either in a shop / store or elsewhere.

salience /ˈseɪ.li.əns/ /ˈsæɪ.li.əns/ [ˈseɪ̯.li.əns] [ˈsæɪ̯.li.əns] n
giringî
The condition of being salient.

saline /ˈseɪ.laɪn/ /ˈseɪliːn/ adj
têrxwê
Containing salt; salty.

saliva /səˈlaɪvə/ n
tûk
(physiology) A clear, slightly alkaline liquid secreted into the mouth by the salivary glands and mucous glands, consisting of water, mucin, protein, and enzymes. It moistens the mouth, lubricates ingested food, and begins the breakdown of starches.

sallet /ˈsælɪt/ n
hêşînayî
(historical) A type of light spherical combat helmet used in the 15th century.

salo n
rûn
a type of fatback, or non-rendered underskin pig fat consumed in Central and Eastern Europe, usually seasoned

salt /sɑlt/ /sɒlt/ /sɔlt/ /sɔːlt/ [sɑɫt] [sɑɫʔ] [sɔɯ̯t] n
xwê خوێ
A common substance, chemically consisting mainly of sodium chloride (NaCl), used extensively as a condiment and preservative.
(chemistry) One of the compounds formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, where a positive ion replaces a hydrogen of the acid.

salt water n
şoravk
Any water containing dissolved salt; brine.

saltwater crocodile n
cirnîsa ava şor
A very large aquatic carnivorous crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), from Australia and South-East Asia

salty /ˈsɒl.ti/ adj
têrxwê
Tasting of salt.
Containing salt.

salutary /ˈsaljʊtəɹi/ /ˈsæljətɛɹi/ adj
biavantaj
Effecting or designed to effect an improvement; remedial.

same /seɪm/ /seːm/ [seːm] [sɛːm] adj
wekhev
cenaze
Similar, alike.

sample /ˈsam.pəl/ /ˈsaːm.pəl/ /ˈsæm.pəl/ /ˈsæːm.pəl/ /ˈsɑːm.pəl/ [ˈsäːmpɯ] [ˈsɛəmpəɫ] n
nimûne
A part or snippet of something taken or presented for inspection, or shown as evidence of the quality of the whole; a specimen.

samurai /ˈsæm(j)ʊɹaɪ/ /ˈsæməˌɹaɪ/ n
samuray
In feudal Japan, a soldier who served a daimyo.

sanction /ˈsæŋkʃən/ v
destûr dan
(transitive) To give official authorization or approval to; to countenance.

sand /sænd/ /sɛənd/ n
plaj
(countable, often, _, in the plural) A beach or other mass of sand.
(countable, figurative) A moment or interval of time; the term or extent of one's life (referring to the sand in an hourglass).
خۆڵ
(uncountable) Rock that is ground more finely than gravel, but is not as fine as silt (more formally, see grain sizes chart), forming beaches and deserts and also used in construction.

sand martin n
kûşk
A migratory passerine bird of the swallow family, Riparia riparia.

sanding sheet n
belg
a sheet of sanding paper or sandpaper

sandpaper /ˈsændˌpeɪpɚ/ n
belg
A sheet of such paper.

sandwich /ˈsæn(d)wɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsæn(d)wɪt͡ʃ/ /ˈsænˌ(d)wɪt͡ʃ/ [ˈsæmwɪd͡ʒ] [ˈsæmˌwɪt͡ʃ] [ˈsæmˌɪt͡ʃ] [ˈsæ̃wɪd͡ʒ] [ˈsæ̃ˌwɪt͡ʃ] n
sandwîç
A dish or foodstuff where at least one piece, but typically two or more pieces, of bread serve(s) as the wrapper or container of some other food.

sanguine /ˈsæŋ.ɡwɪn/ adj
sor
(literary) Having the colour of blood; blood red. [from late 14th c.]
bihêvî
Anticipating the best; optimistic; confident; full of hope. [from early 16th c.]

sanguine /ˈsæŋ.ɡwɪn/ n
sor
Blood colour; red.

sapling /ˈsæplɪŋ/ n
گه‌نج
A young tree, bigger than a seedling.

sardonic /sɐːˈdɔnɪk/ /sɑɹˈdɑnɪk/ /sɑːˈdɒnɪk/ adj
çêja tal
Scornfully mocking or cynical.
tinazker
Disdainfully or ironically humorous.

sasquatch /ˈsæskwæt͡ʃ/ /ˈsæskwɑt͡ʃ/ /ˈsæskwɒt͡ʃ/ n
gurê manco
(cryptozoology) A large hairy humanoid creature of western North America.

satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/ n
heyv
A man-made apparatus designed to be placed in orbit around a celestial body, generally to relay information, data etc. to Earth. [from 20th c.]

satisfactory /sætɪsˈfækt(ə)ɹi/ adj
tetmînkar
Done to satisfaction; adequate or sufficient.

satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ adj
dilxweş
In a state of satisfaction.

satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ v
qîm kirin
(ambitransitive) To do enough for; to meet the needs of; to fulfill the wishes or requirements of.

sauce /sos/ /soːs/ /sɑs/ /sɔs/ /sɔːs/ n
aqit
A liquid (often thickened) condiment or accompaniment to food.

saucepan /ˈsoːs.pɘn/ /ˈsoːsˌpɛn/ /ˈsɔsˌpæn/ /ˈsɔːs.pən/ n
Quşxane
(countable, cookware) A deep cooking vessel with a handle and sometimes a lid; used for boiling, stewing and making sauces.

sauna /ˈsaʊ.nə/ /ˈsɔː.nə/ v
girtin
To use a sauna.

saunter /ˈsɑntɚ/ /ˈsɔntɚ/ /ˈsɔːntə/ n
meshyan
A leisurely walk or stroll.

savage /ˈsævɪd͡ʒ/ adj
hovane
Brutal, vicious, or merciless.

save /seɪv/ v
girtin
(sports) To catch or deflect (a shot at goal).
parastin
To keep (something) safe; to safeguard.
veşartin
(transitive) To store for future use.

savory /ˈseɪvəɹi/ adj
têrxwê
Salty and/or spicy, but not sweet.

savvy /ˈsæ.vi/ v
rayeka navdêrî
(informal) To understand.

saw /ˈsɑ/ /ˈsɑl/ /ˈsɔ/ /ˈsɔː/ [ˈsɔɹ] n
mişar
A tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances, in particular wood or metal.

sawfish n
masîxîzark
Any ray (marine fish with a flat body and wing-like fins) of the family Pristidae, having a snout that resembles a saw.

sawtooth /ˈsɔːtuːθ/ n
diran
Any of various pierid butterflies of the genus Prioneris.
(cellular automata) A pattern whose living cell population reaches new peaks infinitely many times before dropping to a fixed value after each peak.

say /seɪ/ v
gotin
(transitive) To tell, either verbally or in writing.
(impersonal, transitive) To have a common expression; used in singular passive voice or plural active voice to indicate a rumor or well-known fact.
(intransitive) To speak; to express an opinion; to make answer; to reply.

say cheese v
[[په‌نیر]]
(idiomatic, mostly, imperative) To smile for a photograph by saying the word "cheese" (the vowel of which, when pronounced as is usual in English, forces a somewhat smile-shaped mouth).

say yes v
qebûl kirin

sayonara /ˌsaɪəˈnɑːɹə/ interjection
adio
(informal, often, _, jocular, especially, _, used when referring to Japan) Goodbye, adieu.

saz n
baxlema
The baglama.

scaffold /ˈskæf.ld/ /ˈskæf.əld/ /ˈskæf.əʊld/ n
rixtim
A structure made of scaffolding for workers to stand on while working on a building.
dara darazê
An elevated platform on which a criminal is executed.

scaffolding /ˈskæfəldɪŋ/ /ˈskæˌfoʊldɪŋ/ n
rixtim
A temporary modular system of tubes (or formerly wood) forming a framework used to support people and material in the construction or repair of buildings and other large structures.

scale /skeɪl/ /skæɪl/ [skeɪ̯(ə)ɫ] [skæɪ̯(ə)ɫ] n
gam
(obsolete) A ladder; a series of steps; a means of ascending.
An ordered, usually numerical sequence used for measurement; means of assigning a magnitude.
Size; scope.
The ratio of depicted distance to actual distance.
(music) A series of notes spanning an octave, tritave, or pseudo-octave, used to make melodies.

scale /skeɪl/ /skæɪl/ [skeɪ̯(ə)ɫ] [skæɪ̯(ə)ɫ] v
gam
(transitive) To change the size of something whilst maintaining proportion; especially to change a process in order to produce much larger amounts of the final product.

scales /skeɪlz/ n
terazî
A device for measuring weight.

scam /skæm/ v
firîwandin
(ambitransitive) To defraud or embezzle.

scandal /ˈskændəl/ n
kurtepist
Defamatory talk; gossip, slander.

scandium /ˈskændi.əm/ n
skandiyûm
A metallic chemical element, atomic number 21, obtained from some uranium ores; it is a transition element.

scar /skɑɹ/ /skɑː(ɹ)/ n
birîn
A permanent mark on the skin, sometimes caused by the healing of a wound.

scarce /skɑːɹs/ /ˈskeɪs/ /ˈskɛəs/ /ˈskɛɚs/ adj
hindik caran
Scantily supplied (with); deficient (in); used with of.

scare /skɛə/ /skɛɚ/ /skɪə(ɹ)/ n
tirs
A minor fright.

scare /skɛə/ /skɛɚ/ /skɪə(ɹ)/ v
bizdandin
To frighten, terrify, startle, especially in a minor way.

scarf /skɑːf/ /skɑːɹf/ n
şalgerdan
A long, often knitted, garment worn around the neck.

scarlet /ˈskɐːlət/ /ˈskɑɹlɪt/ /ˈskɑːlɪt/ adj
komunîst
Of a bright red colour.

scarlet /ˈskɐːlət/ /ˈskɑɹlɪt/ /ˈskɑːlɪt/ n
komunîst
A brilliant red colour tinged with orange.

scarlet fever n
komunîst
(disease) A streptococcal infection, mainly occurring among children, and characterized by a red skin rash, sore throat and fever.

scathe /skeɪð/ /skeɪθ/ n
xirabî
(countable, uncountable) Damage, harm, hurt, injury.

scatter /ˈskætə/ /ˈskætɚ/ v
belavbûn
(ergative) To (cause to) separate and go in different directions; to disperse.
ba kirin
(transitive) To distribute loosely as by sprinkling.

scatterbrained adj
bodek
Having the qualities of a scatterbrain: absent-minded, forgetful, easily distracted.

scavenge /ˈskæv.ɪndʒ/ v
li
(transitive) To collect and remove refuse, or to search through refuse, carrion, or abandoned items for useful material.

schedule /ˈskɛdjuːl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒu(ə)l/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒul/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒuəl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒuːl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒəl/ /ˈskɛd͡ʒʊl/ /ˈsɛdjuːl/ /ˈsɛd͡ʒuːl/ /ˈʃeˌduːl/ /ˈʃɛdjuːl/ /ˈʃɛd͡ʒu(ə)l/ /ˈʃɛd͡ʒuːl/ n
bername
A procedural plan, usually but not necessarily tabular in nature, indicating a sequence of operations and the planned times at which those operations are to occur. [from 19th c.]

schizophrenia /ˌskɪt.səˈfɹiː.ni.ə/ /ˌskɪt.səˈfɹɛ.ni.ə/ /ˌskɪz.əˈfɹiː.ni.ə/ n
şîzofrenî
(pathology) A psychiatric diagnosis denoting a persistent, often chronic, mental illness characterised by abnormal perception, thinking, behavior and emotion, often marked by delusions.

scholar /ˈskɑlɚ/ /ˈskɒlə/ n
fêrber
A student; one who studies at school or college, typically having a scholarship.
akademîk
A specialist in a particular branch of knowledge.

scholastic /skəˈlæstɪk/ adj
dibistan
Of or relating to school; academic

school /skuːl/ /skuːɫ/ /skʉl/ n
dibistan medrese
(North America) An institution dedicated to teaching and learning; an educational institution.
dibistan
Within a larger educational institution, an organizational unit, such as a department or institute, which is dedicated to a specific subject area.
An art movement, a community of artists.
(considered collectively) The followers of a particular doctrine; a particular way of thinking or particular doctrine; a school of thought.

school of thought n
dibîstan
An opinion subscribed to by some connected or arbitrary group.

schoolboy n
xwendekar
A boy attending school.

schoolchild /ˈsku.əlt͡ʃaɪld/ /ˈskuːlt͡ʃaɪld/ n
xwendekar
A young person attending school or of an age to attend school.

schoolgirl n
dibistanî
A girl attending school.

schoolmate n
dibistan
A person who was a fellow attendee at one's school.

science /ˈsaɪ.əns/ n
zanist
(countable) A particular discipline or branch of knowledge that is natural, measurable or consisting of systematic principles rather than intuition or technical skill. [from 14th c.]
(uncountable) The collective discipline of study or learning acquired through the scientific method; the sum of knowledge gained from such methods and discipline. [from 18th c.]

scientific /ˌsaɪ.ənˈtɪfɪk/ adj
zanistî
Of, or having to do with science.

scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ n
zanistmend
One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research, or make use of the results of the research of others.

scion /ˈsaɪ.ɑn/ /ˈsaɪ.ən/ /ˈsaɪən/ n
welîaht
The heir to a throne.

scissors /ˈsɪzəz/ /ˈsɪzɚz/ n
meqes
(countable, usually, construed as plural) A tool used for cutting thin material, consisting of two crossing blades attached at a pivot point in such a way that the blades slide across each other when the handles are closed.

sclerosis /skləˈɹəʊsɪs/ n
skleroza
(pathology) The abnormal hardening of body tissues, such as an artery; the appearance of hardenings, indurations, lesions, nodules.

scoop /skuːp/ n
bêr
Any cup- or bowl-shaped tool, usually with a handle, used to lift and move loose or soft solid material.
The digging attachment on a front-end loader.

scoop up v
hilanîn
to pick up or clear up by scooping

scop /skɒp/ /ʃoʊp/ /ʃɒp/ n
helbestvan
(historical) A poet or minstrel in Anglo-Saxon England.

scope /ˈskoʊp/ /ˈskəʊp/ n
vegir
The breadth, depth or reach of a subject; a domain.
(slang) A periscope, telescope, microscope or oscilloscope.

score /sko(ː)ɹ/ /skoə/ /skɔɹ/ /skɔː/ n
netîce
The number of points accrued by each of the participants in a game, expressed as a ratio or a series of numbers.

score /sko(ː)ɹ/ /skoə/ /skɔɹ/ /skɔː/ v
gol
To earn points in a game.

score off v
avêtin
(transitive, separable, idiomatic) To delete or remove (especially from a list); to score out, strike out or strike off, cross out or cross off; to draw a line through.

scorpion /-pɪ.ən/ /ˈskɔɹ.pi.ən/ /ˈskɔː.pi.ən/ n
dûpişk
Any of various arachnids of the order Scorpiones, related to the spiders, characterised by two large front pincers and a curved tail with a venomous sting in the end.

scoundrel /ˈskaʊ̯ndɹəl/ n
kûçik
A mean, worthless fellow; a rascal; a villain; a person without honour or virtue.

scramble /ˈskɹæmbl̩/ v
lez kirin
(intransitive) To move hurriedly to a location, especially by using all limbs against a surface.
şandin
(transitive, military, also by extension) To quickly deploy (vehicles, usually aircraft) to a destination in response to an alert, usually to intercept an attacking enemy.

scrapyard n
xurdefiroş
A junkyard, a place where scrap is stored, discarded or resold.

scratch /skɹæt͡ʃ/ n
dirav
(slang) Money.

scream /skɹim/ /skɹiːm/ n
قیژه
A loud, emphatic, exclamation of extreme emotion, especially horror, fear, excitement, or anger; it may comprise a word or a sustained, high-pitched vowel sound.

screen /skɹiːn/ [skɹ̥ʷɪi̯n] n
dîmender
A physical divider intended to block an area from view, or provide shelter from something dangerous.
One of the individual regions of a video game, etc. divided into separate screens.
The informational viewing area of electronic devices, where output is displayed.

screen /skɹiːn/ [skɹ̥ʷɪi̯n] v
şandin
(film, television) To present publicly (on the screen).

screw /skɹuː/ n
گان
(vulgar, slang) Sexual intercourse; the act of screwing.

screw /skɹuː/ v
گانکردن
(ambitransitive, vulgar, slang) To have sexual intercourse with.

scribble /ˈskɹɪbəl/ v
reş kirin
(ambitransitive) To write or draw carelessly and in a hurry.

script /skɹɪpt/ n
pîroz
(countable, obsolete) A writing; a written document.
Written characters; style of writing.
nivîs
(linguistics) A system of writing adapted to a particular language or set of languages.

scripture /ˈskɹɪptʃə/ /ˈskɹɪpt͡ʃɚ/ n
nivîs
A sacred writing or holy book.

scrounge /skɹaʊnd͡ʒ/ v
dizîn
(intransitive, transitive) To hunt about, especially for something of nominal value; to scavenge or glean.

scrutinize /ˈskɹutn̩ˌaɪz/ /ˈskɹuːtɨnaɪz/ v
vekolîn
(transitive) To examine something with great care or detail, as to look for hidden or obscure flaws.

scuffle /ˈskʌfəl/ n
tefrika
A rough, disorderly fight or struggle at close quarters.

sculptor /ˈskʌlptɚ/ n
heykeltraş
A person who sculpts; an artist who produces sculpture.

sculpture /ˈskʌlptj(ʊ)ə/ /ˈskʌlpt͡ʃə/ /ˈskʌlpt͡ʃɚ/ n
heykeltraşî
(countable) A three dimensional work of art created by shaping malleable objects and letting them harden or by chipping away pieces from a rock (sculpting).
Works of art created by sculpting, as a group.

scurry /ˈskɜɹ.i/ /ˈskʌɹ.i/ v
revîn
To run with quick light steps, to scamper.

scurvy /ˈskɜːvi/ /ˈskɝvi/ n
eskerpot
(disease) A disease caused by insufficient intake of vitamin C, leading to the formation of livid spots on the skin, spongy gums, loosening of the teeth and bleeding into the skin and from almost all mucous membranes.

scythe /ˈsaɪð/ /ˈsaɪθ/ n
kêlendî
An instrument for mowing grass, grain, etc. by hand, composed of a long, curving blade with a sharp concave edge, fastened to a long handle called a snath. [before 10th century]
(historical) A scythe-shaped blade attached to ancient war chariots.
(cartomancy) The tenth Lenormand card.

sea /seɪ/ /siː/ n
derya
The ocean; the continuous body of salt water covering a majority of the Earth's surface.

sea bass /ˈsiːbæs/ n
gur
Any of various species of saltwater fish in various families, or a specimen thereof, in several families in order Perciformes

sea urchin /ˈsi ˌɝtʃɪ̈n/ n
jijiya deryayî
Any of many marine echinoderms, of the class Echinoidea, commonly found in shallow water, having a complex chewing structure named Aristotle's lantern.

seaborgium /siːˈbɔːɹɡiəm/ n
seaborgiyûm
A transuranic chemical element (symbol Sg) with atomic number 106

seadog n
gurê deryayê
A sailor accustomed to the sea.

seafaring n
deryagerî
The work or calling of a seafarer, especially a sailor.

seal /siːl/ n
fok
A pinniped (Pinnipedia), particularly an earless seal (true seal) or eared seal.

seamless adj
bêkemasî
Without interruption; coherent

search /sɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃ/ /sɜːt͡ʃ/ /sɝt͡ʃ/ n
lêgerîn
An attempt to find something.

search /sɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃ/ /sɜːt͡ʃ/ /sɝt͡ʃ/ v
lê gerrîn
(transitive) To look in (a place) for something.
(intransitive, followed by "for") To look thoroughly.

season /ˈsiː.zən/ n
demsal
A part of a year when something particular happens.

seat /siːt/ n
cîh
A place in which to sit.
(figuratively) A membership in an organization, particularly a representative body.
kursî
The part of a piece of clothing (usually pants or trousers) covering the buttocks.
تینو
The location of a governing body.

seat post n
bistîk

second /ˈsɛk.(ə)nd/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)nt/ /ˈsɛkənd/ /ˈsɛkɪnd/ adj
duyem
Number-two; following after the first one with nothing between them. The ordinal number corresponding to the cardinal number two.

second /ˈsɛk.(ə)nd/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)nt/ n
sanîye
A unit of time historically and commonly defined as a sixtieth of a minute which the International System of Units more precisely defines as the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of caesium-133 in a ground state at a temperature of absolute zero and at rest.
A unit of angle equal to one-sixtieth of a minute of arc or one part in 3600 of a degree.
(informal) A short, indeterminate amount of time.

secret /ˈsiːkɹət/ /ˈsiːkɹɛt/ /ˈsiːkɹɪt/ adj
raz
Being or kept hidden. [from late 14th c.]

secret /ˈsiːkɹət/ /ˈsiːkɹɛt/ /ˈsiːkɹɪt/ n
raz
(countable) A piece of knowledge that is hidden and intended to be kept hidden. [from late 14th c.]

secretary /ˈsɛk.(ɹ)əˌtɛɹ.i/ /ˈsɛk.ɹə.tə.ɹi/ /ˈsɛk.ɹə.tɹi/ [ˈsɛk.(ɹ)əˌtʰɛɹ.i] n
nivîsgeh
A person who keeps records, takes notes and handles general clerical work.
(often, capitalized) The head of a department of government.
(US) A type of desk, secretary desk; a secretaire.

secrete /sɪˈkɹiːt/ v
veşartin
(transitive) To conceal.

sect /sɛkt/ n
mezheb
An offshoot of a larger religion or denomination.

section /ˈsɛkʃən/ n
nivîsar
A part of a document, especially a major#Adjective part; often notated with §.

sedentary /ˈsɛd.ən.tə.ɹi/ /ˈsɛd.ən.tɛɹ.i/ /ˈsɛd.ən.tɹi/ adj
tembel
(medicine, of a job, lifestyle, etc.) Not moving much; sitting around.

see /ˈsi/ /ˈsiː/ v
dîtin
(transitive) To perceive or detect someone or something with the eyes, or as if by sight.

seed /siːd/ n
تۆم
(countable) Any small seed-like fruit.

seed /siːd/ v
çandin
(transitive) To plant or sow an area with seeds.

seek /siːk/ v
lê gerrîn
(transitive) To try to reach or come to; to go to; to resort to.

seel /siːl/ v
çav
(falconry) To sew together the eyes of a young hawk.

seem /siːm/ v
belitîn
(copulative) To appear; to look outwardly; to be perceived as.

segregation /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/ n
cihêkirin
The setting apart or separation of things or people, as a natural process, a manner of organizing people that may be voluntary or enforced by law.

seine /seɪn/ n
çi
A long net having floats attached at the top and sinkers (weights) at the bottom, used in shallow water for catching fish.

seizure /ˈsi.ʒɚ/ /ˈsizjʊɚ/ /ˈsiː.ʒə(ɹ)/ [ˈsɪi.ʒə(ɹ)] n
êrîş
A sudden attack or convulsion, (e.g. an epileptic seizure).

seldom /ˈsɛldəm/ adv
به‌ده‌گمان
Infrequently, rarely.

select /sɪˈlɛkt/ v
bijartin
To choose one or more elements of a set, especially a set of options.

selection /səˈlɛkʃən/ n
balîna
cihêkirin
The process or act of selecting.

self /sɛf/ /sɛlf/ n
xwe
An individual person as the object of the person's own reflective consciousness (plural selves).

sell /sɛl/ v
firotin
(transitive, ditransitive, intransitive) To transfer goods or provide services in exchange for money.

seller /ˈsɛlə/ /ˈsɛlɚ/ n
firoşkar
Someone who sells; a vendor; a clerk.

semantics /sɪˈmæntɪks/ n
semantîk
The study of the relationship between words and their meanings.
The individual meanings of words, as opposed to the overall meaning of a passage.

semen /ˈsiːmən/ n
sperma
A sticky, milky fluid produced in male reproductive organs that contains the reproductive cells.

semiconductor n
nîvragihbar
(physics) A substance with electrical properties intermediate between a good conductor and a good insulator.

senate /ˈsenət/ /ˈsɛnət/ /ˈsɛnɪt/ n
senato
In some bicameral legislative systems, the upper house or chamber.

send /sɛnd/ v
şandin
(transitive, ditransitive) To make something (such as an object or message) go from one place to another (or to someone).

senile /ˈsinaɪl/ /ˈsiːnaɪl/ adj
xurifî
(often, offensive) Exhibiting the deterioration in mind and body often accompanying old age; doddering.

senior /ˈsinjɚ/ /ˈsiːnjə(r)/ n
dêrîn
Someone seen as deserving respect or reverence because of their age. [from 14th c.]

sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/ n
hes
A physical feeling or perception from something that comes into contact with the body; something sensed.

sense /sɛn(t)s/ /sɪn(t)s/ n
hest
Any of the manners by which living beings perceive the physical world: for humans sight, smell, hearing, touch, taste.

sensitive /ˈsɛnsɪtɪv/ /ˈsɪnsɪtɪv/ adj
giran
(of an issue, topic, etc.) Capable of offending, upsetting, or hurting.

sentence /ˈsɛntəns/ [ˈsɛntn̩(t)s] [ˈsɛnʔn̩(t)s] n
bîryar
The judicial order for a punishment to be imposed on a person convicted of a crime. [from 14th c.]
ceza
A punishment imposed on a person convicted of a crime.
hevok
(grammar) A grammatically complete series of words consisting of a subject and predicate, even if one or the other is implied. In modern writing, when using e.g. the Latin, Greek or Cyrillic alphabets, typically beginning with a capital letter and ending with a full stop or other punctuation. [from 15th c.]

sentinel /ˈsɛntɪnəl/ n
dawer
(computer science) A unique value recognised by a computer program for processing in a special way, or marking the end of a set of data.

sentinel /ˈsɛntɪnəl/ v
berê xwe dan
(transitive) To watch over as a guard.

sequent /ˈsiːkwənt/ n
bandor
Something that follows in a given sequence.
(logic) A disjunctive set of logical formulae which is partitioned into two subsets; the first subset, called the antecedent, consists of formulae which are valuated as false, and the second subset, called the succedent, consists of formulae which are valuated as true. (The set is written without set brackets and the separation between the two subsets is denoted by a turnstile symbol, which may be read "give(s)".)

seraglio /səˈɹæljoʊ/ /səˈɹæɡliːoʊ/ n
dîwan
A palace of a sultan.

sergeant /ˈsɑɹ.d͡ʒənt/ /ˈsɑː.d͡ʒənt/ n
sercan
The highest rank of noncommissioned officer in some non-naval military forces and police.

series /ˈsiɹiz/ /ˈsɪə.ɹiːz/ /ˈsɪəɹɪ.ɪz/ /ˈsɪɹiz/ n
lezgîn
A number of things that follow on one after the other or are connected one after the other.
kom
(mathematics) The sequence of partial sums \sum_{i=1}^n{a_i} of a given sequence ai.

seriousness /ˈsɪəɹiəsnəs/ /ˈsɪɹiəsnəs/ n
erdkêşî
The state or quality of being serious.

sermon /ˈsɜː.mən/ /ˈsɝ.mən/ n
weiz
Religious discourse; a written or spoken address on a religious or moral matter.
A lengthy speech of reproval.

serpent /ˈsɜːpənt/ /ˈsɝpənt/ n
mar
(now, literary) A snake, especially a large or dangerous one.

servant /ˈsɜːvənt/ /ˈsɝvənt/ [ˈsɝvn̩ʔ] n
benî
One who is hired to perform regular household or other duties, and receives compensation. As opposed to a slave.

serve someone right v
ده‌س خۆش
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see serve,‎ right.

service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ /ˈsɝvɪs/ n
خزمه‌ت
(economics) The practice of providing assistance as economic activity.
(computing) A function that is provided by one program or machine for another.

service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ /ˈsɝvɪs/ v
xizmet
(transitive) To serve.

serviceman n
piyon
A man who serves in the armed forces.

sesame /ˈsiːsəm/ /ˈsɛsəm/ /ˈsɛsəmi/ /ˈsɛzəmi/ n
kuncî
The seed of this plant.

sesame oil n
rûnê kunciyan
Oil extracted from sesame seeds (often after roasting) and used to flavor foods.

set /sɛt/ adj
ئاماده
Ready, prepared.

set /sɛt/ n
lîstik
A collection of various objects for a particular purpose.
kom
(set theory) A collection of zero or more objects, possibly infinite in size, and disregarding any order or repetition of the objects which may be contained within it.
gilover
A group of people, usually meeting socially.

set /sɛt/ v
temam kirin
(transitive, dated) To cause to stop or stick; to obstruct; to fasten to a spot.
ava bûn
(intransitive) Of a heavenly body, to disappear below the horizon of a planet, etc, as the latter rotates.

set about v
dan destpêkirin
To devote oneself to some task.

set forth v
ketin rê
(transitive) To present for consideration; to propose.

set on fire v
agir vêxistin
(transitive) To cause to begin to burn.

set out v
çûn
(intransitive) To go out, leave.
bas
(UK, transitive) To position, to put in a position

set phrase n
biwêj
(grammar) An idiomatic expression in general.

set sail v
bavan vekirin
To depart on a voyage by boat.

set up adj
ئاماده
In a position to function; ready.

settlement /ˈsɛt.l̩.mənt/ n
jîngeh
A colony that is newly established; a place or region newly settled (even in past times).

seven /ˈsɛvn̩/ /ˈsɛvən/ [ˈsɛbm̩] n
heft
The digit/figure 7 or an occurrence thereof.

seven /ˈsɛvn̩/ /ˈsɛvən/ [ˈsɛbm̩] numeral
heft حه‌وت
A numerical value equal to 7; the number following six and preceding eight. This many dots: (•••••••). Describing a group or set with seven elements.

seventeen /ˈsɛv.ən.tiːn/ /ˌsɛv.ənˈtiːn/ numeral
hevde
The cardinal number occurring after sixteen and before eighteen, represented in Roman numerals as XVII and in Arabic numerals as 17.

seventh /ˈsɛvnθ/ /ˈsɛvənθ/ adj
heft
The ordinal form of the number seven.

seventy /ˈsɛv.ən.di/ /ˈsɛv.ən.ti/ numeral
heftê
The cardinal number occurring after sixty-nine and before seventy-one, represented in Roman numerals as LXX and in Arabic numerals as 70.

sever /ˈsɛv.ɚ/ v
jêkirin
(transitive) To cut free.
(law) To disconnect; to disunite; to terminate.

severance /ˈsɛv.ɜː(ɹ)n̩s/ /ˈsɛv.ɹəns/ n
bûn
The act of severing or the state of being severed.

severe /-vɪɹ/ /sɪˈviːɹ/ /sɪˈvɪə/ /sɪˈvɪɹ/ adj
قایم
Strict or harsh.

sew /soʊ/ /səʉ/ /səʊ/ v
دوورین
(transitive) To use a needle to pass thread repeatedly through (pieces of fabric) in order to join them together.
(intransitive) To use a needle to pass thread repeatedly through pieces of fabric in order to join them together.

sewer /ˈs(j)uːə/ /ˈsuɚ/ n
kanalîzasyon
A pipe or system of pipes used to remove human waste and to provide drainage.

sex /sɛks/ n
seks
(countable) Another category, especially of humans and especially based on sexuality or gender roles.
(obsolete, or, literary, uncountable, with "the") Women; the human female gender and those who belong to it.
(uncountable) Sexual activity, usually sexual intercourse unless preceded by a modifier.

sex drive n
lîbîdo
The tendency or instinct of animals to engage in sexual activity.

sexton /ˈsɛk.stən/ n
zangoç
A church official who looks after a church building and its graveyard and may act as a gravedigger and bell ringer.

sextuplet n
şeşwîk
One of a group of six persons or animals born from the same mother during the same birth.

sexual orientation n
berpêbûniya zayendî
One's tendencies of sexual attraction, considered as a whole.

sexuality /sɛksjuˈælɪti/ /sɛkʃuˈæləti/ /sɛkʃuˈælɪti/ n
cins
The quality of being sexual; that which is characterized or distinguished by sex.
Sexual activity; concern with, or interest in, sexual activity.
Sexual identity, gender.

sexy /ˈsɛk.si/ /ˈsɛk.sɪ/ adj
seksî
Having sex appeal; attractive.
(of a thing or concept) Intriguing, appealing, likely to excite interest.

shackle /ˈʃæk(ə)l/ /ˈʃækl̩/ n
kostek
A U-shaped piece of metal secured with a bolt or pin across the ends, or a hinged metal loop secured with a quick-release locking pin mechanism, used for attaching things together while allowing for some degree of movement; a clevis.

shade /ʃeɪd/ n
sî
(uncountable) Darkness where light, particularly sunlight, is blocked.
(chiefly, literary, and, fantasy) A ghost or specter; a spirit.

shades /ʃeɪdz/ n
berçavka rojê
(colloquial) Sunglasses.

shadow /ˈʃædoʊ/ /ˈʃædəʉ/ /ˈʃædəʊ/ n
sî sih
A dark image projected onto a surface where light (or other radiation) is blocked by the shade of an object.
Relative darkness, especially as caused by the interruption of light; gloom; obscurity.
(figurative) That which looms as though a shadow.
An imperfect and faint representation.
One who secretly or furtively follows another.
An influence, especially a pervasive or a negative one.
(Jungian, _, psychology) An unconscious aspect of the personality.

shadowy /ˈʃæd.oʊ.i/ /ˈʃæd.əʊ.i/ adj
تاریک
In shadow; darkened by shadows.

shady /ˈʃeɪdi/ adj
تاریک
(informal) Not trustworthy; disreputable.

shaft /ʃæft/ /ʃɑːft/ n
dingil
Any long thin object, such as the handle of a tool, one of the poles between which an animal is harnessed to a vehicle, the driveshaft of a motorized vehicle with rear-wheel drive, an axle, etc.
brûsk
A beam or ray of light.
agirdank
A vertical or inclined passage sunk into the earth as part of a mine
bêrim
A vertical passage housing a lift or elevator; a liftshaft.

shaft /ʃæft/ /ʃɑːft/ v
gan
(transitive, slang) To fuck; to have sexual intercourse with.

shag /ʃæɡ/ n
گان
(slang, vulgar) An act of sex.
(slang, vulgar) A casual sexual partner.

shag /ʃæɡ/ v
گانکردن
(UK, Ireland, transitive, vulgar, _, slang) To have sex with.

shake off v
çandin
To remove (something attached to, on or clinging to an object) by shaking.
To lose someone who is tracking you.

shallot /ʃəˈlɑt/ /ʃəˈlɒt/ /ˈʃælət/ n
pîvazterk
Any vegetable of certain species in the onion family.

shallow /ˈʃaləʊ/ /ˈʃæl.oʊ/ adj
nizm
Having little depth; significantly less deep than wide.

shambles /ˈʃæmbl̩z/ n
kerxane
(countable) A great mess or clutter.

shame /ʃeɪm/ n
şerm
An uncomfortable or painful feeling due to recognition or consciousness of one's own impropriety or dishonor, or something being exposed that should have been kept private.
Something to regret.

shampoo /ʃamˈpuː/ /ʃæmˈpuː/ n
şampo شامپۆ
(mineral) A commercial liquid soap product for washing hair or other fibres/fibers, such as carpets.
An instance of washing the hair or other fibres with shampoo.

shandy /ˈʃændi/ n
şampo
(uncountable) A drink made by mixing beer and lemonade.
(countable) A glass of this drink.

shank /ʃæŋk/ n
لاق
The metal part on a curb bit that falls below the mouthpiece, which length controls the severity of the leverage action of the bit, and to which the reins of the bridle are attached.

shape /ʃeɪp/ n
nîgar
The status or condition of something
A graphical representation of an object's form or its external boundary, outline, or external surface. Though fully descriptive when applied to objects within the geometrically abstract purview of reality as opposed to any scenario more concrete, it is well-understood that the introduction of the third dimension acting upon the physics of the object in the latter introduces the possibility of diminishing the term's descriptive power.

shape /ʃeɪp/ v
fesal dan
(transitive) To give something a shape and definition.

shape up v
hatin
(intransitive, idiomatic) To improve; to correct one's bad habits or behavior.

share /ʃɛə/ /ʃɛɚ/ n
parçe
A portion of something, especially a portion given or allotted to someone.

shareholder /ˈʃɛəˌhəʊl.də(ɹ)/ /ˈʃɛ˞ˌhoʊl.dɚ/ n
pişkdar
One who owns shares of stock in a corporation.

shari'a n
şerîet
(Islam) Traditional Islamic religious law primarily based on the Quran, but also the hadith and tafsir; it covers the totality of religious, political, social and private life, making no distinction between religion and life – in other words between transgressions of moral rules (sin) and of social rules.

sharp /ʃɑɹp/ /ʃɑːp/ adj
tûj
Terminating in a point or edge, especially one that can cut or pierce easily; not dull, obtuse, or rounded.
ceza
Having a strong acrid or acidic taste.
تاریک
(colloquial) Illegal or dishonest.
baterî
Exact, precise, accurate; keen.
dersxane
(colloquial) Stylish, smart or attractive.

sharp /ʃɑɹp/ /ʃɑːp/ adv
baterî
(of times of day, notcomp) Exactly.

sharp-pointed adj
tûj
Having a sharp point

sharpshooter n
derewçîn
A person trained to shoot precisely with a rifle; a marksman.

shave /ʃeɪv/ v
tiraşîn
(intransitive) To remove hair from one's face by this means.

shaver /ˈʃeɪvə/ /ˈʃeɪvɚ/ n
gûzan
A tool or machine for shaving; an electric razor.

shawl /ʃɑl/ /ʃɔl/ /ʃɔːl/ [ʃɒːɫ] n
şal
A square or rectangular piece of cloth worn as a covering for the head, neck, and shoulders, typically by women. [from 1662]

she /ʃi/ /ʃiː/ pronoun
ew
(personal) The female (typically) person or animal previously mentioned or implied.

she-goat /ˈʃi.ɡoʊt/ /ˈʃiː.ɡəʊt/ n
bizin
A female goat.

she-wolf n
dêlegur
A female wolf.

shear /ʃɛə/ /ʃɪə(ɹ)/ /ʃɪɹ/ n
meqes
A cutting tool similar to scissors, but often larger.

shear /ʃɛə/ /ʃɪə(ɹ)/ /ʃɪɹ/ v
kurr kirin
(intransitive, transitive) To remove the fleece from (a sheep etc.) by clipping.
(mathematics) To transform by displacing every point in a direction parallel to some given line by a distance proportional to the point’s distance from the line.
birrîn
To cut the hair of (a person).
(figurative) To deprive of property; to fleece.

sheatfish n
pexş
The wels catfish (Silurus glanis), a catfish, the largest freshwater fish in Europe.

shed /ʃɛd/ v
rijandin
(ambitransitive) To part with, separate from, leave off; cast off, let fall, be divested of.
darijandin
(transitive, archaic) To pour; to make flow.
(transitive) To allow to flow or fall.

sheep /ʃip/ /ʃiːp/ n
mî
(countable, chiefly, Christianity, chiefly plural) A religious adherent, a member of a congregation or religious community (compare flock).

sheer /ʃɪɹ/ /ˈʃɪə/ adj
giran
(textiles) Very thin or transparent.

sheet /ʃit/ /ʃiːt/ n
rûpel
A piece of paper, usually rectangular, that has been prepared for writing, artwork, drafting, wrapping, manufacture of packaging (boxes, envelopes, etc.), and for other uses. The word does not include scraps and irregular small pieces destined to be recycled, used for stuffing or cushioning or paper mache, etc. In modern books, each sheet of paper is typically folded in half, to produce two leaves and four pages. In the absence of folding, "leaf" and "sheet" are equivalent.
belg
A thin, flat layer of solid material.
A broad, flat expanse of a material on a surface.

sheet of paper n
kaxez
A single piece of loose paper, which, when bound in a book or booklet, consists of two pages (one on the front and one on the back).

shell /ʃɛl/ n
sî sih
An emaciated person.

shell /ʃɛl/ v
gam
To remove the outer covering or shell of something.
(intransitive) To cast the shell, or exterior covering; to fall out of the pod or husk.

shelter /ˈʃɛltə/ /ˈʃɛltɚ/ n
penageh
A refuge, haven or other cover or protection from something.

shelter /ˈʃɛltə/ /ˈʃɛltɚ/ v
parastin
(transitive) To provide cover from damage or harassment; to shield; to protect.

shemale /ˈʃi.meɪl/ n
bivbivink
(offensive, proscribed, especially, in, _, pornography) A male-to-female transsexual or transgender person; a trans woman.

shenanigans /-ɡənz/ /ˌʃəˈnæ.nə.ɡɪnz/ /ˌʃɪˈnæn.ɪɡ.(ə)nz/ n
dekbazî
(uncountable) Deceitful tricks; trickery; games. [from mid 19th c.]

shepherd /ˈʃɛpəd/ /ˈʃɛpɚd/ n
şîvan
A person who tends sheep, especially a grazing flock.
(figurative) Someone who watches over, looks after, or guides somebody.

sherry /ˈʃɛɹi/ n
cam
A glass of sherry.

shibboleth /ˈʃɪbəlɛθ/ n
bêje
A common or longstanding belief, custom, or catchphrase associated with a particular group, especially one with little current meaning or truth.

shield /ʃiːld/ v
parastin
(ambitransitive) To protect, to defend.

shift /ʃɪft/ n
pasaport
A change of workers, now specifically a set group of workers or period of working time.

shill /ʃɪl/ n
qemsî
An accomplice at a confidence trick during an auction or gambling game, such as an accomplice of the seller who bids to drive up the price.

shill /ʃɪl/ v
fetisandin
To put under cover; to sheal.

shin /ʃɪn/ n
darçîn
The front part of the leg below the knee; the front edge of the shin bone: w:Shinbone on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

shine /ʃaɪn/ /ʃaːɪn/ n
ronahî
Brightness from a source of light.

shine /ʃaɪn/ /ʃaːɪn/ v
biriqandin
(transitive) To cause (something) to shine; put a shine on (something); polish (something).

ship /ʃɪp/ n
keştî
(nautical) A water-borne vessel generally larger than a boat.

shipyard n
tersane
A place where ships are built and repaired.

shirt /ʃəːɾʈ/ /ʃəːʈ/ /ʃɜːt/ /ʃɝt/ n
kurtik
An article of clothing that is worn on the upper part of the body, and often has sleeves, either long or short, that cover the arms.

shit /ʃɪt/ n
gû
(countable, uncountable, colloquial, vulgar) Solid excretory product evacuated from the bowels; feces.

shits /ʃɪts/ n
zikçûn
(colloquial, vulgar) .

shitstorm n
kerxane
(slang, pejorative, vulgar) A chaotic and unpleasant or violent situation.

shitter /ˈʃɪt.ə/ /ˈʃɪt.ɚ/ [ˈʃɪɾ.ɚ] n
xwînborî
(slang, vulgar) A toilet or lavatory; an outhouse.

shitty /ˈʃɪti/ [ˈʃɪɾi] adj
gû
(vulgar, colloquial) Very bad; unpleasant; miserable; insignificant.
(informal, vulgar) Of low quality or standard; inferior; not up to par, or failing one's expectations

shiv /ʃɪv/ n
kêr
A knife, especially a makeshift one fashioned from something not normally used as a weapon (like a plastic spoon or a toothbrush).

shiver /ˈʃɪvə/ /ˈʃɪvɚ/ v
hejandin
To tremble or shake, especially when cold or frightened.
(nautical, transitive) To cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by steering close to the wind.

shoddy /ˈʃɑ.di/ /ˈʃɒd.i/ /ˈʃɔd.i/ [ˈʃɑ.ɾi] [ˈʃɔɾ.i] adj
adî
Of poor quality or construction.

shoe /ʃu/ /ʃuː/ n
pêlav
A protective covering for the foot, with a bottom part composed of thick leather or plastic sole and often a thicker heel, and a softer upper part made of leather or synthetic material. Shoes generally do not extend above the ankle, as opposed to boots, which do.
Something resembling a shoe in form, position, or function, such as a brake shoe.

shoehorn /ˈʃuːˌhɔɹn/ /ˈʃuːˌhɔː(ɹ)n/ n
که‌وچک
A smooth tool that assists in putting the foot into a shoe, by sliding the heel in after the toe is in place. This reduces discomfort and damage to the back of the shoe. By slipping it into the back of the shoe behind the heel, the user prevents the heel from squashing down the back of the shoe and causing difficulty; instead the heel slides down the smooth shoehorn, which then comes out easily once the foot is in place.

shoemaker n
solfiroş
A person who makes shoes

shojo /ʃoʊd͡ʒoʊ/ n
کچ
(anime, manga) A style of anime and manga intended for young women.

shoot /ʃuːt/ interjection
çarşem
A mild expletive, expressing disbelief or disdain

shoot /ʃuːt/ v
agir kirin
To send out or forth, especially with a rapid or sudden motion; to cast with the hand; to hurl; to discharge; to emit.

shooting star n
stêrerij
A meteor, especially a streak of light in the night sky, caused by a meteoroid burning up as it enters the Earth’s atmosphere.

shop /ʃɑp/ /ʃɒp/ n
çadir
An establishment that sells goods or services to the public; originally only a physical location, but now a virtual establishment as well.

shop assistant n
firoşkar
An employee in a shop, a shopkeeper.

shopping /ˈʃɑpɪŋ/ /ˈʃɒpɪŋ/ n
kirîn û firotin
The process of buying goods or services, or searching for those suitable to buy.

shopping basket n
zembîl
(internet) A page on a shopping website where one's prospective purchases are listed before payment.

shore /ʃo(ː)ɹ/ /ʃoə/ /ʃɔɹ/ /ʃɔː/ n
qerax
(from the perspective of one on a body of water) Land, usually near a port.

short /ʃoɹt/ /ʃoːt/ /ʃɔɹt/ /ʃɔːt/ /ˈʃoːrt/ /ˈʃoːɻt/ /ˈʃɒːɹt/ [ʃɑɹt] adj
kurt kin
Having a small distance from one end or edge to another, either horizontally or vertically.
kin kurt
Having little duration.

short film n
kurt
Any motion picture not long enough to be considered a feature film.

short story n
kurteçîrok
A work of fiction that is shorter than a novella.

shot /ʃɑt/ /ʃɒt/ /ʃɔt/ n
gijlok
(uncountable) Small metal balls used as ammunition.

shotgun /ˈʃɑtɡʌn/ /ˈʃɒtɡʌn/ n
mertîn
(firearms) A gun which fires loads typically consisting of small metal balls, called shot, from a cartridge.

should /ʃuːld/ /ʃəd/ /ʃʊd/ /ʃʊld/ v
dibistan
(auxiliary) Ought to; expressing expectation.

shoulder /ˈʃoʊɫdɚ/ /ˈʃəʊɫdə/ n
sermil
(anatomy) The joint between the arm and the torso, sometimes including the surrounding muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
The part of the human torso forming a relatively horizontal surface running away from the neck.

shout /ʃaʊt/ /ʃʌʊt/ n
قیژه
A loud burst of voice or voices; a violent and sudden outcry, especially that of a multitude expressing joy, triumph, exultation, anger, or great effort.

shovel /ˈʃʌv(ə)l/ /ˈʃʌvl̩/ n
bêr
A hand tool with a handle, used for moving portions of material such as earth, snow, and grain from one place to another, with some forms also used for digging. Not to be confused with a spade, which is designed solely for small-scale digging and incidental tasks such as chopping of small roots.

show /ʃoʊ/ /ʃəʊ/ n
bername
(countable) A broadcast program, especially a light entertainment program.

show off v
forsa xwe kirin
(transitive, and, intransitive, idiomatic) To attract attention to for the purpose of bragging or personal exhibitionism; to demonstrate a skill, talent or property for the purpose of bragging or personal exhibitionism.

show up v
derketin
(transitive) To make visible; to expose.

shower /ˈʃaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈʃaʊ.ɚ/ n
dûş
An instance of using of this device in order to bathe oneself.
baran
A quantity of something that has characteristics of a rain shower.

shred /ʃɹɛd/ v
birrîn
To cut or tear (something) into long, narrow pieces or strips.

shrewd /ʃɹuːd/ adj
zanîn
(informal) streetwise, street-smart.

shrub /ʃɹʊb/ /ʃɹʌb/ n
darik
A woody plant smaller than a tree, and usually with several stems from the same base.

shudder /ˈʃʌd.ə/ /ˈʃʌd.ɚ/ [ˈʃʌɾ.ɚ] v
hejandin
(intransitive) To shake nervously, often from fear or horror.

shuffle /ˈʃʌfəl/ n
têkel
The act of shuffling cards.

shuffle /ˈʃʌfəl/ v
tevdan
(ambitransitive) To put in a random order.

shun /ʃʌn/ v
fikare kirin
(transitive) To avoid, especially persistently; ostracize.
baz dan
(transitive) To escape (a threatening evil, an unwelcome task etc).

shut /ʃɛt/ /ʃʊt/ /ʃʌt/ v
girtin
(transitive) To close, to stop from being open.
(intransitive) To close, to stop being open.
(transitive, or, intransitive, chiefly, British) To close (a business) temporarily.
(transitive) To isolate, to close off from the world.

shut down v
reş kirin
(ergative) To turn off or stop.

shut up /ʃʌt ˈʌp/ [ʃʌt̚ ˈʌp] [ʃʌʔ ˈʌp] [ʃʌˈɾʌp] interjection
haydê
(colloquial, ) I don't believe it!, no way!

shut up /ʃʌt ˈʌp/ [ʃʌt̚ ˈʌp] [ʃʌʔ ˈʌp] [ʃʌˈɾʌp] v
girtin
(transitive) To close (a building) so that no one can enter.

shy /ʃaɪ/ adj
şermok
Reserved; disinclined to familiar approach.

sibling /ˈsɪblɪŋ/ n
bira
A person who shares a parent; one's brother or sister who one shares a parent with.

sick /sɪk/ adj
nexweş
Having an urge to vomit.
(colloquial) Mentally unstable, disturbed.
(colloquial) In bad taste.
(slang) Very good, excellent, awesome, badass.

sicken /ˈsɪkən/ v
nesax kirin
(transitive) To make ill.
(intransitive) To become weak; to decay; to languish.

sickle /ˈsɪkl̩/ n
das
(agriculture) An implement having a semicircular blade and short handle, used for cutting long grass and cereal crops.

sickness /ˈsɪknɪs/ n
nesaxî
The quality or state of being sick or diseased; illness.

side /saɪd/ /səɪd/ n
alî
A bounding straight edge of a two-dimensional shape.
devrî
A flat surface of a three-dimensional object; a face.
One surface of a sheet of paper (used instead of "page", which can mean one or both surfaces.)

sidereal /saɪˈdɪə.ɹi.əl/ /saɪˈdɪɚ.i.əl/ /sɪˈdɪɚ.i.əl/ adj
stêr
(astronomy) Relating to a measurement of time relative to the position of the stars.

sidewalk /ˈsaɪdwɑk/ /ˈsaɪdwɔk/ /ˈsaɪdwɔːk/ n
peyarê
(US) A paved footpath located at the side of a road, for the use of pedestrians
(US, by extension) Any paved footpath, even if not located at the side of a road

siege /sid͡ʒ/ /siːd͡ʒ/ n
dorgirtin
(military) A prolonged military assault or a blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by force or attrition.

sieve /sɪv/ v
heft
To strain, sift or sort using a sieve.

sift /sɪft/ v
heft
To examine (something) carefully.

sight /saɪt/ v
dîtin
(transitive) To see; to get sight of (something); to register visually.

sightseeing n
geştûguzarî
The activity of going out looking at things; tourism.

sign /saɪn/ n
dawer nîşan
(sometimes, also used uncountably) A visible fact that shows that something exists or may happen.

signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n
nîşan
A sign made to give notice of some occurrence, command, or danger, or to indicate the start of a concerted action.
An on-off light, semaphore, or other device used to give an indication to another person.
(of a radio, TV, telephone, internet, etc.) An electromagnetic action, normally a voltage that is a function of time, that conveys the information of the radio or TV program or of communication with another party.

signature /ˈsɪɡnət͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪɡnət͡ʃɚ/ /ˈsɪɡnɪt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪɡnɪt͡ʃɚ/ n
defter
(printing) A group of four (or a multiple of four) sheets printed such that, when folded, they become a section of a book.

significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n
ehemiyet
The extent to which something matters; importance
girîngî
Meaning.

significant /sɪɡˈnɪf.ə.kənt/ /sɪɡˈnɪf.ə.ɡənt/ /sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kənt/ adj
girîngî
Having a noticeable or major effect.

significant other n
cot
One's exclusive romantic partner.

siheyuan /ˌsɪhəjuˈæn/ n
xanî
A traditional type of Chinese residence consisting of four houses with a courtyard in the middle; a Chinese quadrangle.

silence /ˈsaɪl(ə)ns/ /ˈsaɪləns/ n
بێده‌نگ
The absence of any sound.
Refraining from speaking, for purposes of prayer or meditation; especially, a form of worship practiced by the Society of Friends (Quakers) during meetings.

silencer n
bêdeng
An attachment to a gun or an exhaust pipe that reduces the sound it emits

silent /ˈsaɪlənt/ adj
bêdeng
Free from sound or noise; absolutely still; perfectly quiet.
Not speaking; indisposed to talk; speechless; mute; taciturn; not loquacious; not talkative.
(pronunciation) Not pronounced; having no sound; quiescent.
Hidden, unseen.
(genetics) Not implying significant modifications which would affect a peptide sequence.
Undiagnosed or undetected because of an absence of symptoms.

silent mode n
bêdeng

silicon /ˈsɪləkɑn/ /ˈsɪlɪkən/ n
sîlîsyûm
(chemistry, uncountable) A nonmetallic element (symbol Si) with an atomic number of 14 and atomic weight of 28.0855.

silk /sɪlk/ n
herîr
(mostly, uncountable) A fine fiber excreted by the silkworm or other arthropod (such as a spider).
A fine, soft cloth woven from silk fibers.
Anything which resembles silk, such as the filiform styles of the female flower of maize, or the seed covering of bombaxes.
The gown worn by a Senior (i.e. Queen's/King's) Counsel.
(colloquial) A Queen's Counsel, King's Counsel or Senior Counsel.
(circus arts, in the plural) A pair of long silk sheets suspended in the air on which a performer performs tricks.
(horse racing, usually, in the plural) The garments worn by a jockey displaying the colors of the horse's owner.

silver /ˈsɪl.və/ /ˈsɪl.vɚ/ n
zîv
(collectively) Coins made from silver or any similar white metal.
(collectively) Any items made from silver or any other white metal.

simian /ˈsɪm.i.ən/ adj
meymûn
Of or pertaining to apes and monkeys.

simian /ˈsɪm.i.ən/ n
meymûn
An ape or monkey, especially an anthropoid (infraorder Simiiformes).

similar /ˈsɪmələ/ /ˈsɪməlɚ/ adj
eynî
Having traits or characteristics in common; alike, comparable.

simper /ˈsɪmpə/ /ˈsɪmpɚ/ n
bişirîn
A foolish, frivolous, self-conscious, or affected smile; a smirk.

simple /ˈsɪmpəl/ [ˈsɪmpl̩] adj
hêsan
(heading, technical) Structurally uncomplicated.

simpleton /ˈsɪmpəltən/ n
mî
(pejorative) A simple-minded person lacking common sense.

sin /sɪn/ n
guneh
(theology) A violation of divine will or religious law.

since /sɪns/ adv
ji
From a specified time in the past.

since /sɪns/ conjunction
ji dema ku
From the time that.

since /sɪns/ preposition
ji
From: referring to a period of time ending in the present and defining it by the point in time at which it started, or the period in which its starting point occurred.

sinew /ˈsɪnju/ /ˈsɪnjuː/ /ˈsɪnjʉː/ n
demar

sing /sɪŋ/ v
گۆرانی وتن
(intransitive) To produce musical or harmonious sounds with one’s voice.

singer /ˈsɪŋə/ /ˈsɪŋɚ/ n
stranbêj
A person who sings, often professionally.

single /ˈsɪŋɡl̩/ /ˈsɪŋɡəl/ adj
tek
Not accompanied by anything else; one in number.
hêsan
Not divided in parts.

singleton n
tek
A single object, especially one of a group.

singular /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/ /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjʊ.lə/ adj
yekjimar
(grammar) Referring to only one thing or person.

singular /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/ /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjʊ.lə/ n
yekjimar
(grammar) A form of a word that refers to only one person or thing.

sink /sɪŋk/ /zɪŋk/ n
destavxane
A basin used for holding water for washing.

sink /sɪŋk/ /zɪŋk/ v
noq bûn
(ergative) To descend or submerge (or to cause to do so) into a liquid or similar substance.

sinker /ˈsɪŋkə(ɹ)/ n
sirb
(fishing) A weight used in fishing to cause the line or net to sink.

sinusitis n
sînûzît
(pathology) An inflammation of one or more paranasal sinuses.

sip /sɪp/ n
qurt
A small mouthful of drink

sir /sə(ɹ)/ /ˈsə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈsɝ/ /ˈsɪɹ/ n
mamoste
A respectful term of address to a man of higher rank or position, particularly:
to a superior military officer.
A respectful term of address to an adult male (often older), especially if his name or proper title is unknown.

sissy /ˈsɪsi/ n
bêzirav
(pejorative, colloquial) A timid, unassertive or cowardly person.

sister /ˈsɪs.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪs.tɚ/ n
xwîşk
Any woman or girl with whom a bond is felt through the same biological sex, gender or common membership in a community, race, profession, religion, organization, or ism.

sister-in-law /ˈsɪs.tə.ɪn.lɔː/ /ˈsɪs.tɚ.ɪn.lɔ/ n
براژن
The sister of one's spouse.
(less common) Co-sister-in-law: The wife of one's sibling-in-law.
The wife of the sibling of one's spouse.

sisterly /ˈsɪstəli/ adj
xuşk
Of or characteristic of sisters.

sit /sɪt/ v
rûniştin
(intransitive, copulative, of a person) To be in a position in which the upper body is upright and supported by the buttocks.

sit down v
rûniştin
daniştin
(intransitive) To assume a sitting position from a standing position.

site /saɪt/ n
cîh
The place where anything is fixed; situation; local position

situation /ˌsɪ.t͡ʃuˈ(w)eɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪt.juːˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
kavdan
The combination of circumstances at a given moment; a state of affairs.
Position or status with regard to conditions and circumstances.
barûdox
The way in which something is positioned vis-à-vis its surroundings.
(UK) A position of employment; a post.

six /sɪks/ n
şeş
The digit or figure 6.

six /sɪks/ numeral
şeş
A numerical value equal to 6; the number following five and preceding seven. This many dots: (••••••).

sixteen /ˈsɪks.tiːn/ /ˌsɪksˈtiːn/ numeral
şanzdeh
The cardinal number occurring after fifteen and before seventeen, represented in Arabic numerals as 16 and in Roman numerals as XVI.

sixth /sɪksθ/ [sɪk(s)t̪] [sɪkθ] adj
شه‌شه‌م
The ordinal form of the number six.

sixth /sɪksθ/ [sɪk(s)t̪] [sɪkθ] n
شه‌شه‌م
(not used in the plural) The person or thing in the sixth position.

sixth sense n
dilbêjî
Extrasensory perception; the ability to sense things by means other than the known bodily senses.

sixtieth /ˈsɪksti.əθ/ adj
şêstem
The ordinal form of the number sixty.

sixtieth /ˈsɪksti.əθ/ n
şêstem
The person or thing in the sixtieth position.

sixty /ˈsɪksti/ /ˈsɪkstɪ/ numeral
şêst
The cardinal number occurring after fifty-nine and before sixty-one, represented in Roman numerals as LX and in Arabic numerals as 60.

size /saɪz/ n
rehend
The dimensions or magnitude of a thing; how big something is. [from 15th c.]
beden
A specific set of dimensions for a manufactured article, especially clothing. [from 16th c.]

skeleton /ˈskɛlətən/ /ˈskɛləʔ.n̩/ n
kakût
(anatomy) The system that provides support to an organism, internal and made up of bones and cartilage in vertebrates, external in some other animals.

sketch /sket͡ʃ/ /skɛt͡ʃ/ n
hejmar
A brief, light, or unfinished dramatic, musical, or literary work or idea; especially a short, often humorous or satirical scene or play, frequently as part of a revue or variety show.

skill /skɪl/ [skɪo̯] [skɪɫ] [skɪʊ̯] n
huner
Capacity to do something well; technique, ability. Skills are usually acquired or learned, as opposed to abilities, which are often thought of as innate.

skimpy /ˈskɪmpi/ adj
kin
Small or inadequate; not generous; diminutive.

skin /skɪn/ n
çerm
(uncountable) The outer protective layer of the body of any animal, including of a human.

skip /skɪp/ v
revîn
(transitive, informal) Not to attend (some event, especially a class or a meeting).

skirmish /ˈskɜːmɪʃ/ /ˈskɝmɪʃ/ n
berberî
(military) A brief battle between small groups, usually part of a longer or larger battle or war.

skirt /skɚt/ /skɜːt/ n
damen
An article of clothing, usually worn by women and girls, that hangs from the waist and covers the lower part of the body.
The part of a dress or robe, etc., that hangs below the waist.

skit n
skêç
A short comic performance.

skull /skʌl/ n
kilox
(anatomy) The main bones of the head considered as a unit; including the cranium, facial bones, and mandible.

sky /skaɪ/ n
ezman
The atmosphere above a given point, especially as visible from the surface of the Earth as the place where the sun, moon, stars, and clouds are seen.
With a descriptive word: the part of the sky which can be seen from a specific place or at a specific time; its climate, condition, etc.
(chiefly, literary, and, poetic, archaic) Usually preceded by the: the abode of God or the gods, angels, the souls of deceased people, etc.; heaven; also, powers emanating from heaven.

sky blue n
herrimî
A vibrant light blue colour, like that of the sky on a fine day.

skylark /ˈskaɪ.lɑɹk/ /ˈskʌɪ.lɑːk/ n
têtî
A small brown passerine bird, Alauda arvensis, that sings as it flies high into the air.

skyrocket /ˈskaɪˌɹɒk.ɪt/ v
peqandin
(intransitive) To rise or increase suddenly and extremely; to shoot up; to surge or spike.

skyscraper /ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪp.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪpɚ/ n
balexane
(architecture) A very tall building with a large number of floors.

slake /sleɪk/ v
reş kirin

slam /slæm/ v
pê de kirin qarewar
(transitive, colloquial, originally, US) To speak badly of; to criticize forcefully.

slang /slæŋ/ [sleɪŋ] n
şaşziman
Language outside of conventional usage and in the informal register.

slap /slæp/ v
gemişandin
(transitive) To give a slap to.

slate /sleɪt/ n
depreş
(uncountable, geology) A fine-grained homogeneous sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash which has been metamorphosed so that it cleaves easily into thin layers.
(countable) A chalkboard, sheet of slate for writing on with chalk or with a thin rod of slate (a slate pencil) formerly commonly used by both students and teachers in schools.

slate /sleɪt/ v
ketin rê
(transitive, chiefly, British) To criticise harshly.
berî
(transitive, chiefly, US) To schedule.
biryar dan
(transitive, chiefly, US) To anticipate or strongly expect.

slaughter /ˈslɑtɚ/ /ˈslɑɾɚ/ /ˈslɔɾɚ/ /ˈslɔːtə/ v
jêkirin
(transitive) To butcher animals, generally for food.

slave /sleɪv/ n
xulam
A person who is held in servitude as the property of another person, and whose labor (and often also whose body and life) is subject to the owner's volition and control.
cariye
A sex slave, a person who is forced against their will to perform, for another person or group, sexual acts on a regular or continuing basis.

slavery /ˈsleɪvəɹi/ /ˈsleɪvɹi/ n
xulamî
An institution or social practice of owning human beings as property, especially for use as forced laborers.
A condition of servitude endured by a slave.
(figuratively) A condition in which one is captivated or subjugated, as by greed or drugs.

slay /sleɪ/ v
kuştin
(transitive, now, literary) To kill; to murder.

sleek /sliːk/ adj
qeşeng
Having an even, smooth surface; smooth

sleep /slip/ /sliːp/ n
xew
(uncountable) The state of reduced consciousness during which a human or animal rests in a daily rhythm.
(countable, informal) An act or instance of sleeping.
(uncountable) Rheum, crusty or gummy discharge found in the corner of the eyes after waking, whether real or a figurative objectification of sleep (in the sense of reduced consciousness).

sleep /slip/ /sliːp/ v
nivistin
(intransitive) To rest in a state of reduced consciousness.
(intransitive) To be, or appear to be, in repose; to be quiet; to be unemployed, unused, or unagitated; to rest; to lie dormant.

sleep with v
ava bûn
(idiomatic, euphemism) To have sexual intercourse with.

sleeping /ˈsliːpɪŋ/ n
xew
The state of being asleep, or an instance of this.

slick /slɪk/ n
سفره‌
A covering of liquid, particularly oil.

slide /slaɪd/ n
ron
(photography) A transparent plate bearing an image to be projected to a screen.
devik
(sciences) A flat, usually rectangular piece of glass or similar material on which a prepared sample may be viewed through a microscope Generally referred to as a microscope slide.

slimeball /ˈslaɪmbɔːl/ /ˈslaɪmˌbɔl/ n
beraz
(originally, US, colloquial, derogatory) A person who is regarded as slimy (that is, sneaky or underhanded) or otherwise undesirable.

sling /ˈslɪŋ/ n
neçik
(weapon) An instrument for throwing stones or other missiles, consisting of a short strap with two strings fastened to its ends, or with a string fastened to one end and a light stick to the other.

slingshot /ˈslɪŋʃɒt/ n
çeqelîk
(chiefly, American, Philippines) A Y-shaped stick with an elastic sling between the arms used for shooting small projectiles.

slipper /ˈslɪpə(ɹ)/ n
sol
A low soft shoe that can be slipped on and off easily.
Such a shoe intended for indoor use; a bedroom or house slipper.

slippery /ˈslɪpəɹi/ /ˈslɪpɹi/ adj
خلیسک
Of a surface, having low friction, often due to being covered in a non-viscous liquid, and therefore hard to grip, hard to stand on without falling, etc.

slit /ˈslɪt/ v
jêkirin
To cut a narrow opening.

slobber /ˈslɒbə(ɹ)/ n
tif
Liquid material, generally saliva, that dribbles or drools outward and downward from the mouth.

slope /sloʊp/ /sləʊp/ n
zar
(vulgar, offensive, ethnic slur) A person of Chinese or other East Asian descent.

slothful adj
eware
lazy; idle; tending to sloth.

slovenly /ˈslɒv.ən.li/ /ˈslʌv.ən.li/ adj
qilêr
Dirty, unwashed; disorderly.

slow /sloʊ/ /sləʊ/ adj
له‌سه‌ر خۆ
Taking a long time to move or go a short distance, or to perform an action; not quick in motion; proceeding at a low speed.

slowly /ˈsloʊli/ /ˈsləʊli/ adv
bisemt
(manner) At a slow pace.

slowness n
hêdîtî
The quality or state of being slow.

slug /slʌɡ/ v
vexwarin
To drink quickly; to gulp; to down.

sluggard n
tembel
A person who is lazy, stupid, or idle by habit.

sluggish /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/ adj
eware
Habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive

sluggishness n
hêdîtî
The property of being sluggish, unable or unwilling to act quickly.

slumber /ˈslʌm.bə/ /ˈslʌm.bɚ/ n
xew
A very light state of sleep, almost awake.

slump /slʌmp/ v
daketin
(transitive, slang) To cause to collapse; to hit hard; to render unconscious; to kill.

slur /slɜː(ɹ)/ n
carisî
An insult or slight.

slur /slɜː(ɹ)/ v
kêm xistin
To cover over; to disguise; to conceal; to pass over lightly or with little notice.

slut /slʊt/ /slʌt/ /ˈsɫɐt/ n
madek
(archaic, derogatory) A slovenly, untidy person, usually a woman.

small /smoːl/ /smɑl/ /smɔl/ /smɔːl/ [smoːɫ] adj
بچووک
Not large or big; insignificant; few in number.
(figuratively, incomparable) Young, as a child.
Not prolonged in duration; not extended in time; short.

small forward n
باڵ
(basketball) A forward who is the shorter of the two forward positions, and often plays behind the power forwards.

small of the back n
mer
(anatomy) The relatively narrow, lumbar region of the back.

small pica n
felsefe
(printing, dated) The size of type between long primer and pica, standardized as 11 point.

small-spotted catshark n
pisîk

smallpox /ˈsmɔlpɑks/ /ˈsmɔːlpɒks/ n
xurik
(disease) An acute, highly infectious often fatal disease caused by Variola virus of the family Poxviridae. It was completely eradicated in the 1970s, but still exists in laboratories. Those who survived were left with pockmarks.

smart /smɑɹt/ /smɑːt/ adj
زیره‌ک
(informal) Exhibiting intellectual knowledge, such as that found in books.

smart aleck n
zirzana
(rare) A well-dressed person.

smarty pants n
zirzana
(informal) A smart aleck or know-it-all.

smash /smæʃ/ n
بزمار
(tennis) A very hard overhead shot hit sharply downward.

smear /smiɚ/ /smɪə(ɹ)/ /smɪɚ/ v
rayeka navdêrî
(transitive) To attempt to remove (a substance) from a surface by rubbing.

smell /smɛl/ v
بۆنکردن
(transitive) To sense a smell or smells.
(intransitive, copulative) Followed by like or of if descriptive: to have a particular smell, whether good or bad.

smile /ˈsmaɪ.əl/ /ˈsmaɪl/ v
bişirîn bişkurrîn
(ambitransitive) To have (a smile) on one's face.

smite /smaɪt/ v
gemişandin
(archaic) To hit; to strike.
kuştin
To strike down or kill with godly force.

smith /smɪθ/ n
rayeka navdêrî
A craftsperson who works metal into desired forms using a hammer and other tools, sometimes heating the metal to make it more workable, especially a blacksmith.

smoke /smoʊk/ /smoːk/ /sməʊk/ n
dûxan
(uncountable) The visible vapor/vapour, gases, and fine particles given off by burning or smoldering material.

smoke /smoʊk/ /smoːk/ /sməʊk/ v
جگه‌ره‌ کێشان
(transitive) To inhale and exhale the smoke from a burning cigarette, cigar, pipe, etc.
(intransitive) To inhale and exhale tobacco smoke.

smooch /smuːt͡ʃ/ n
maç
(informal) A kiss, especially that which is on the cheek.

smooth /smuːð/ adj
lûs
Having a texture that lacks friction. Not rough.
nerm
Without difficulty, problems, or unexpected consequences or incidents.
delal
Suave; sophisticated.

smorgasbord /ˈsmɔɹɡəsˌbɔɹd/ /ˈsmɔːɡæs(ˌ)bɔːd/ /ˈsmɔːɡəs(ˌ)bɔːd/ /ˈsmɜːɡəs(ˌ)bɔːd/ /ˈsmɜːɡəʊs(ˌ)bʊəd/ /ˈʃmɔɹ-/ n
vîkîng
A Swedish-style buffet comprising a variety of cold sandwiches and other dishes; (by extension) any buffet with a wide selection of dishes.

smother /ˈsmʊðə/ /ˈsmʊðəɹ/ /ˈsmʌðə/ /ˈsmʌðəɹ/ /ˈsmʌðɚ/ v
fetisandin
(transitive) To extinguish or deaden, as fire, by covering, overlaying, or otherwise excluding the air.
(intransitive) To be suffocated.

smut /smʊt/ /smʌt/ n
kumirr
Any of a range of fungi, mostly Ustilaginomycetes, that cause plant disease in grasses, including cereal crops; the disease so caused.

snail mail n
adî
(retronym) Mail (postal service), especially as compared with email.

snake /sneɪk/ n
mar
A legless reptile of the suborder Serpentes with a long, thin body and a fork-shaped tongue.

snap /snæp/ n
xaçerê
A quick breaking or cracking sound or the action of producing such a sound.
wêne
(informal) A photograph; a snapshot.

snare /snɛ(ə)ɹ/ /snɛə/ n
dab
A mental or psychological trap.

snarl /ˈsnɑː(ɹ)l/ n
دوگمه‌
A knot or complication of hair, thread, or the like, difficult to disentangle.

snatch /snæt͡ʃ/ n
berzik
A quick grab or catch.
A short period.
A piece of some sound, usually music or conversation.
(vulgar, _, slang) The vulva. [from 18th c.]
(aviation) Rapid, uncommanded jerking or oscillation of the ailerons of some aircraft at high Mach numbers, resulting from shock wave formation at transonic speeds.
(dated) A brief period of exertion.
(dated) A catching of the voice.
(dated) A hasty snack; a bite to eat.
(dated) A quibble.
qetandin
(weightlifting) A competitive weightlifting event in which a barbell is lifted from the platform to locked arms overhead in a smooth continuous movement.

snatch /snæt͡ʃ/ v
hilanîn
(transitive) To grasp and remove quickly.

snazzy /ˈsnæzi/ adj
qeşeng
(informal) Elegant in manner of dress; stylish, modern or appealing in appearance; flashy.

sneak /sniːk/ v
veşartin
(transitive, dated) To hide, especially in a mean or cowardly manner.

sneer /snɪə̯/ /snɪɚ̯/ v
لووت
(intransitive) To raise a corner of the upper lip slightly, especially in scorn.

sneeze /sniːz/ v
bêhnijîn
(intransitive, medical sign) To expel air as a reflex induced by an irritation in the nose.

snitch /snɪt͡ʃ/ n
diz
(slang) A thief.
poz
(slang, British) A nose.

snob /snɑb/ /snɒb/ n
hirhop
(informal, derogatory) A person who wishes to be seen as a member of the upper classes and who looks down on those perceived to have inferior or unrefined tastes. [from 20th c.]

snoot /snuːt/ n
kêr
(theater, photography) A cylindrical or conical attachment used on a spotlight to restrict spill light.

snort /snɔɹt/ v
kaş kirin
(transitive, slang, originally, US) To inhale (usually a drug) through the nose.

snow /snoʊ/ /snəʊ/ [snoʊ̯] [snəʊ̯] n
berf befr
(uncountable) The frozen, crystalline state of water that falls as precipitation.
berf
(uncountable) Any similar frozen form of a gas or liquid.
(countable) A snowfall; a blanket of frozen, crystalline water.
(uncountable) A shade of the color white.
(uncountable) The moving pattern of random dots displayed on a television, etc., when no transmission signal is being received.
(uncountable, slang) Cocaine.
Marine snow.
(informal, in the plural) Clipping of snow tires.

snow bunting n
çirçiroka berfê
A finch, Plectrophenax nivalis, having white plumage, widely distributed in northern latitudes.

snowball /ˈsnoʊbɑl/ /ˈsnoʊbɔl/ /ˈsnəʊbɔːl/ n
guloka berfê
A ball of snow, usually one made in the hand and thrown for amusement in a snowball fight; also a larger ball of snow made by rolling a snowball around in snow that sticks to it and increases its diameter.

snowdrift /ˈsnəʊdɹɪft/ n
aşît
A bank of snow accumulated by the wind.

snowdrop /ˈsnoʊ.dɹɑp/ /ˈsnəʊ.dɹɒp/ n
berfîn
Any of the 20 species of the genus Galanthus of the Amaryllidaceae, bulbous flowering plants, bearing a solitary, pendulous, white, bell-shaped flower that appears, depending on species, between autumn and late winter or early spring, all native to temperate Eurasia.

snowman /ˈsnoʊ.mæn/ /ˈsnəʊ.mæn/ n
berfmêr
A humanoid figure made with large snowballs stacked on each other. Human traits like a face and arms may be fashioned with sticks (arms), a carrot (nose), and stones or coal (eyes, mouth).

snowplow n
cot
(skiing, skating) A maneuver in which the tips of the skis or skates point inwards and the back ends point outwards.

snowshoe /ˈsnoʊʃu/ n
lekan
A flat item of footwear worn to facilitate walking in deep snow.

snowstorm /ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ n
bakuzîr
Bad weather involving blowing winds and snow, or blowing winds and heavy snowfall amount.

snuff /snʌf/ v
reş kirin
To extinguish a candle or oil-lamp flame by covering the burning end of the wick until the flame is suffocated.

so /soʊ/ /səʊ/ adj
heta
In that state or manner; with that attribute. A proadjective that replaces the aforementioned adjective phrase.

so /soʊ/ /səʊ/ adv
heta
To the (explicitly stated) extent that.
lê
To the (implied) extent.
In a particular manner.
In the same manner or to the same extent as aforementioned; likewise, also.
(with as): To such an extent or degree; as.
û
(informal) at all (negative clause).

so /soʊ/ /səʊ/ conjunction
çimkî
Reduced form of 'so that', used to express purpose; in order that.
û
With the result that; for that reason; therefore.
heta
(informal) Used as a sentence-starting filler or introductory word with no particular meaning.
Used to connect previous conversation or events to the following question.
lê
Used to introduce a rhetorical question.

so /soʊ/ /səʊ/ interjection
lê
Used after a pause for thought to introduce a new topic, question or story, or a new thought or question in continuation of an existing topic.
çimkî
Used as a question to ask for further explanation of something said, often rhetorically or in a dismissive or impolite manner.
heta
Used as a meaningless filler word to begin a response to a question.

so that conjunction
çimkî
Indicates purpose; in order that, with the result that.

so what interjection
û
(colloquial, rhetorical question, impolite) A reply to an unimportant or irrelevant statement, indicating indifference on the part of the speaker.

so-called /ˈsoʊˌkɔld/ /ˈsəʊˌkɔːld/ adj
til
so named; commonly called.

soap /soʊp/ /səʊp/ n
sabûn
(countable, uncountable, informal, by extension, mineral) Some other substance, often a detergent or another surfactant, able to mix with both oil and water, used for cleaning.

soar /so(ː)ɹ/ /soə/ /sɔɹ/ /sɔː/ v
hilketin
To mount upward on wings, or as on wings, especially by gliding while employing rising air currents.
bilind bûn
To rise, especially rapidly or unusually high.
dan gihandin
(figuratively) To rise in thought, spirits, or imagination; to be exalted in mood.

sobremesa n
şêranî
Time spent at the table after eating; the habit of relaxing at the table after a heavy meal.

sobriety /səˈbɹaɪ.ə.ti/ /səˈbɹaɪ.ɪ.ti/ /səˈbɹɑɪ.ə.ti/ [səˈbɹaɪ.ə.ɾi] [səˈbɹɑɪ.ə.ɾi] n
lihişêxwebûn
The quality or state of not being intoxicated.
The state or quality of being unhurried; a state of calm.

soccer /ˈsɑk.ɚ/ /ˈsɒk.ə/ n
futbol
(originated, , late 19th C, now, commonly, US, Australia) Association football.

soccer ball n
futbol
A ball that is designed for use in the sport of soccer; a football.

social /ˈsoʊ.ʃəl/ /ˈsəʊ.ʃəl/ adj
civakî
Of or relating to society.
(Internet) Relating to social media or social networks.

social democracy n
sosyal demokrasî
(political) A moderate political philosophy or ideology that aims to achieve socialist (socialistic) goals within a democratic society and a liberal democracy such as by means of a strong welfare state and regulation of private industry.

social distancing /ˈsoʊʃəl ˌdɪstən(t)sɪŋ/ /ˈsəʊʃəl ˌdɪstən(t)sɪŋ/ n
dûrxistina civakî
(epidemiology) The practice of maintaining physical distance between people to reduce the spread of communicable diseases by isolating those with such diseases in quarantines, maintaining space between individuals, and prohibiting certain activities.

social movement n
tevgera civakî

social studies n
zanînên civakî
The study of history, geography, civics, sociology, economics, and other social-science subjects, especially in primary and secondary school.

socialism /ˈsoʊʃəlɪzəm/ /ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm/ n
sosyalîzm
(Marxism-Leninism) The intermediate phase of social development between capitalism and communism in Marxist theory in which the state has control of the means of production.
civakparêzî
Any of a group of later political philosophies such democratic socialism and social democracy which do not envisage the need for full state ownership of the means of production nor transition to full communism, and which are typically based on principles of community decision making, social equality and the avoidance of economic and social exclusion, with economic policy giving first preference to community goals over individual ones.

societal [səˈsaɪ.ə.tɫ̩] [səˈsaɪ.ə.ɾɫ̩] [səˈsaɪ.ɪ.tɫ̩] [səˈsɑɪ.ə.tɫ̩] [səˈsɑɪ.ə.ɾɫ̩] adj
civakî
Of or pertaining to society or social groups, or to their activities, customs, etc.

society /səˈsaɪ.ə.ti/ n
civak
(countable) A long-standing group of people sharing cultural aspects such as language, dress, norms of behavior and artistic forms.
[[ده‌سگا]]
(countable) A group of people who meet from time to time to engage in a common interest; an association or organization.

sociologism n
civakparêzî
The attribution of a sociological basis to another discipline.

sociology /ˌsəʊsiːˈɒlədʒiː/ /ˌsəʊʃiːˈɒlədʒiː/ n
civaknasî
A social science that studies society, human social interaction, patterns of social relationships, and the interactions of culture. Through both theory and applied research, it engages subject matters across a range of microanalysis, mesoanalysis, and macroanalysis.

sock /sɑk/ /sɒk/ n
گۆره‌وی
(clothing) A knitted or woven covering for the foot.

soda /ˈsoʊdə/ /ˈsəʊdə/ n
gazoz
(uncountable) Carbonated water (water impregnated with pressurised carbon dioxide, originally made with sodium bicarbonate).

sodium /ˈsoʊ.di.əm/ /ˈsəʊ.dɪəm/ n
natrîyûm
The chemical element (symbol Na) with an atomic number of 11 and atomic weight of 22.990. It is a soft, waxy, silvery, reactive alkali metal that is never found unbound in nature.

sofa /ˈsoʊfə/ /ˈsəʊfə/ n
qenepe
(furniture, chiefly, UK, India) An upholstered seat with a raised back and one or two raised ends, long enough to comfortably accommodate two or more people.

soft /sæft/ /sɑft/ /sɒft/ /sɔft/ /sɔːft/ adj
sivik
nerm
Easily giving way under pressure.
(of cloth or similar material) Smooth and flexible; not rough, rugged, or harsh.

softhearted adj
bexşende
Gentle; kind; sympathetic.

software /ˈsɑftˌwɛɹ/ /ˈsɒf(t)ˌwɛə/ /ˈsɔf(t)ˌweː/ /ˈsɔftˌwɛɹ/ n
nermalav
(computing) Encoded computer instructions, usually modifiable (unless stored in some form of unalterable memory such as ROM).

softwood n
darçîn
(uncountable, mostly, botany) The wood from any gymnosperm, without regard to how soft this wood is.
(countable, forestry) The tree or tree species that yields this wood.
(uncountable) Any commercial timber.

soil /sɔɪl̩/ [sɔɪ̯ɫ̩] n
erd
(uncountable) The unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.
ax
(uncountable) The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that has been subjected to and shows effects of genetic and environmental factors of: climate (including water and temperature effects), and macro- and microorganisms, conditioned by relief, acting on parent material over a period of time. A product-soil differs from the material from which it is derived in many physical, chemical, biological, and morphological properties and characteristics.

sol /soʊl/ /sɑl/ /sɒl/ /sɔl/ /səʊl/ n
xwê
In a movable-do or tonic sol-fa system: the fifth step in a scale, preceded by fa and followed by la.

sol /sɑl/ /sɒl/ /sɔl/ n
xewer
(physical chemistry) A type of colloid in which a solid is dispersed in a liquid.

solar /ˈsoʊlɚ/ /ˈsəʊlə/ adj
Roj
Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from the sun

soldier /ˈsoʊld͡ʒɚ/ /ˈsɒld͡ʒə/ /ˈsəʊld͡ʒə/ n
esker
A member of a ground-based army, of any rank, but especially an enlisted member.

sole /soʊl/ /sɐʉl/ /səʊl/ [sɒʊɫ] adj
xewer
Only.

sole /soʊl/ /sɐʉl/ /səʊl/ [sɒʊɫ] n
masîmûsa
(fish) Solea solea, a flatfish of the family Soleidae; a true sole.

solely /ˈsoʊl.li/ /ˈsəʊl.li/ adv
har
Alone; exclusively.

solicitor /səˈlɪstə/ /səˈlɪsɪtə/ /səˈlɪsɪtɚ/ n
parêzer
In English Canada and in parts of Australia, a type of lawyer who historically held the same role as above, but whose role has in modern times been merged with that of a barrister.

solicitous /səˈlɪsɪtəs/ adj
dilnerehet
Disposed to solicit; eager to obtain something desirable, or to avoid anything evil.

solicitude /səˈlɪsɪˌt(j)uːd/ n
dilrencî

solid /ˈsɑ.lɪd/ /ˈsɒl.ɪd/ adj
rêzeçiya
Large in size, quantity, or value.
req
(of volumes of materials) Measured as a single solid, as the volumes of individual pieces added together without any gaps.

solid /ˈsɑ.lɪd/ /ˈsɒl.ɪd/ n
req

solution /səˈl(j)uːʃən/ n
çare
(physical chemistry) A homogeneous mixture, which may be liquid, gas or solid, formed by dissolving one or more substances.
An act, plan or other means, used or proposed, to solve a problem.
An answer to a problem.

sombre /ˈsɑmbɚ/ /ˈsɒmbə/ adj
tarî
Dark; gloomy; shadowy, dimly lit.
تاریک
Dull or dark in colour or brightness.

some /sɐm/ /səm/ /sʊm/ /sʌm/ [säm] [sɐm] determiner
kêmzêde
yek
(stressed) A certain, an unspecified or unknown.

some old determiner
baş
(US, idiomatic, informal) Some, some unspecified or yet-undetermined one (especially for emphasis).

somebody /ˈsʌmbɑdi/ /ˈsʌmbɒdɪ/ /ˈsʌmbədi/ /ˈsʌmbədɪ/ /ˈsʌmbʌdi/ pronoun
kes
Some unspecified person.

something /ˈsʌm.θɪŋ/ [sʌˑɪŋ] [sʌ̃ː] [ˈsɐm̥(p)θɪŋ] [ˈsʌ(m)ʔm̩] [ˈsʌm̥(p)θɪŋ] [ˈsʌn̪̥θɪŋ] [ˈsʌɾ̃ɪŋ] pronoun
tiştek
An uncertain or unspecified thing; one thing.

sometimes /ˈsʌmtaɪmz/ adv
carine
On some occasions, over some periods, or in certain circumstances, but not always. [from 16th c.]

somewhat /ˈsʌmwɒt/ /ˈsʌmwʌt/ adv
piçek
To a limited extent or degree; not completely.

son /sɒn/ /sʌn/ n
law
A male adopted person in relation to his adoptive parents.

son of a bitch interjection
berzik
(slang, vulgar) Used to express anger, contempt, astonishment, disappointment, dismay, etc.

son of a bitch n
dêqehp
(pejorative, slang, vulgar) An objectionable, despicable person.

son of a whore n
kurê kahpê
(pejorative, slang) An objectionable person.

son-in-law /ˈsʌnɪnˌlɔː/ n
zava
The husband of one's child.

song /sɑŋ/ /sɒŋ/ /sɔŋ/ n
stiran
A musical composition with lyrics for voice or voices, performed by singing.
mûsîk
(by extension) Any musical composition.
stran
The act or art of singing.
A melodious sound made by a bird, insect, whale or other animal.

songbird /ˈsɑŋˌbɝd/ /ˈsɒŋˌbɜːd/ /ˈsɔŋˌbɝd/ n
çûk
A bird having a melodious song or call.

songster /ˈsɒŋstɚ/ n
dengbêj
A man who sings songs, especially as a profession; a male singer.

sonic /ˈsɒnɪk/ adj
dengdar
Of or relating to sound.

sonnet /ˈsɒnɪt/ /ˈsʌnɪt/ n
sone
A fixed verse form of Italian origin consisting of fourteen lines that are typically five-foot iambics and rhyme according to one of a few prescribed schemes.

soon /sun/ /suːn/ adv
niha
Within a short time; quickly.

sooner or later adv
zû dereng
(set phrase) Eventually, at some undetermined time in the not-too-distant future.

sophisticated adj
qeşeng
Of art or other things: appealing to the tastes of an intellectual or sophisticated (sense 1) person; cerebral; also, cultured, elegant, refined.

sophomore /ˈsɑfmɔɹ/ /ˈsɒf(ə)mɔɹ/ /ˈsɒfmɔɹ/ /ˈsɒfəmɔː/ /ˈsɔfmɔɹ/ adj
duyem
(US) The second in a series, especially, the second of an artist’s albums or the second of four years in a high school (tenth grade) or university.

sorghum /ˈsɔ(ɹ).ɡəm/ n
baçîk
A cereal, Sorghum genus and species, the grains of which are cultivated to make flour and feed cattle. Almost all cultivated ones as well as some wild ones belong to the species Sorghum bicolor (syn. Sorghum vulgare).

sororal /səˈɹɔːɹəl/ adj
xuşk
Of or pertaining to a sister.

sorrel /ˈsɒɹəl/ /ˈsɔɹəl/ n
tirşo
Any of various plants with acidic leaves of the genus Rumex, especially

sorrow /ˈsɑɹ.oʊ/ /ˈsɒɹ.əʊ/ /ˈsɔɹ.oʊ/ n
خه‌فه‌ت
(uncountable) unhappiness, woe

sorrowful /ˈsɑɹoʊfəl/ /ˈsɑɹəfəl/ /ˈsɒɹəfəl/ /ˈsɒɹəʊfəl/ /ˈsɔɹoʊfəl/ /ˈsɔɹɐʉfɘl/ /ˈsɔɹɘfɘl/ /ˈsɔɹəfəl/ adj
tûj
exhibiting sorrow; dejected; distraught; sad. (of a person)
dilbikeser
Producing sorrow; causing grief.

sorry /ˈsɑɹ.i/ /ˈsɒ.ɹi/ /ˈsɔɹ.i/ interjection
ببووره‌
Expresses regret, remorse, or sorrow.
efû
Used as a request for someone to repeat something not heard or understood clearly.
Used to correct oneself in speech.

soul patch n
mêş
A narrow beard descending from the lower lip, above the chin.

sound /saʊnd/ adj
tendurist
Healthy.
baş,çê
(British, Irish, slang) Good; acceptable; decent.

sound /saʊnd/ n
deng
A sensation perceived by the ear caused by the vibration of air or some other medium.
A vibration capable of causing such sensations.
geru
(geography, landforms) A long narrow inlet, or a strait between the mainland and an island; also, a strait connecting two seas, or connecting a sea or lake with the ocean.

sound law /ˈsaʊnd lɑ/ /ˈsaʊnd lɔ/ /ˈsaʊnd lɔː/ n
yasai deng
(phonology) A rule that describes historical sound change (the change in pronunciation of a given sound or cluster of sounds) in the development of a language. [from 19th c.]

soundless /saʊndləs/ adj
bêdeng
Without sound.

soup /sup/ /suːp/ n
şorbe
(countable) A serving of such a dish, typically in a bowl.
(uncountable) The liquid part of such a dish; the broth.

sour /ˈsaʊə/ /ˈsaʊɚ/ adj
تورش
Tasting or smelling rancid.
asîd
Excessively acidic and thus infertile. (of soil)

sour cherry n
wişne
Species of Prunus subg. Cerasus, (cherries), native to much of Europe and southwest Asia, especially, Prunus cerasus, Prunus pseudocerasus, and Prunus cerasoides.
The fruit of these trees, often used for cooking.

source /so(ː)ɹs/ /soəs/ /suːɹs/ /sɔɹs/ /sɔːs/ /sʊɹs/ n
kanî
The person, place, or thing from which something (information, goods, etc.) comes or is acquired.

south /saʊθ/ /suːθ/ /sæoθ/ /sʌʊθ/ n
başûr
The direction towards the pole to the right-hand side of someone facing east, specifically 180°, or (on another celestial object) the direction towards the pole lying on the southern side of the invariable plane.
The southern region or area; the inhabitants thereof. [circa 1300]
(ecclesiastical) In a church: the direction to the right-hand side of a person facing the altar.
(physics) The negative or south pole of a magnet

south-southeast n
başûr-başûrê rojhilat
The compass point halfway between southeast and south; specifically at a bearing of 157.5°.

south-southwest n
başûr-başûrê rojava
The compass point halfway between south and southwest; specifically at a bearing of 202.5°.

southeast n
başûr-rojhilat
The intercardinal compass point halfway between east and south; specifically at a bearing of 135°.

southeasterly adj
başûrê rojhilat
(chiefly, of a wind) coming from the southeast

southeastern adj
başûr-rojhilat

southern /ˈsaʊðɚn/ /ˈsʌðən/ /ˈsʌðɚn/ adj
başûr
Of or pertaining to a southern region, especially Southern Europe or the southern United States.

southwest /saʊˈwɛst/ /saʊθˈwɛst/ n
başûr rojava
The intercardinal compass point halfway between south and west; specifically at a bearing of 225°.

southwestern adj
başûr rojava

sovereign /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹɪn/ /ˈsɒv.ɹɪn/ adj
deshilatdar
Exercising power of rule.

sovereign /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹɪn/ /ˈsɒv.ɹɪn/ n
deshilatdar
A monarch; the ruler of a country.
One who is not a subject to a ruler or nation.

sovereignty /-ɹɪn-/ /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹənti/ /ˈsɒvɹənti/ [-ɾi] n
hakimiyet
(by extension) Of a nation or other polity: the state of being able to control resources, make laws independently, and otherwise govern itself without the coercion or concurrence of other polities.

sow /saʊ/ n
madek
A female pig.
A female guinea pig.

sow /soʊ/ /səʊ/ v
çandin
(ambitransitive) To scatter, disperse, or plant (seeds).

space /speɪs/ n
valageh
Physical extent across two or three dimensions (sometimes for or to do something). [from 14thc.]
The near-vacuum in which planets, stars and other celestial objects are situated; the universe beyond the earth's atmosphere. [from 17thc.]
valahî
The physical and psychological area one needs within which to live or operate; personal freedom. [from 20thc.]
(metal type) A piece of metal type used to separate words, cast lower than other type so as not to take ink, especially one that is narrower than one en (compare quad). [from 17thc.]
A gap in text between words, lines etc., or a digital character used to create such a gap. [from 16thc.]
A gap; an empty place. [from 17thc.]
jêkirin
(geometry) A set of points, each of which is uniquely specified by a number (the dimensionality) of coordinates.

space bar n
valahî
(computing) A key, in the shape of a bar, near the bottom of a keyboard, that generates a space character when pressed.

spaceship n
keştiya asmanî
(astronautics) A vehicle that flies through space.

spacious /ˈspeɪʃəs/ adj
gewre
Having plenty of space; roomy.

spade /sped/ /speɪd/ n
mer
A garden tool with a handle and a flat blade for digging. Not to be confused with a shovel which is used for moving earth or other materials.

spaghetti /spəˈɡɛti/ [-ɾi] n
alole
(uncountable, figuratively, informal) Something confusing or intricate.

span /spæn/ /spæːn/ n
bost
The full width of an open hand from the end of the thumb to the end of the little finger used as an informal unit of length.

spanner /ˈspæn.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈspæn.ɚ/ n
kilîd
(Australian, NZ, British, Irish) A hand tool for adjusting nuts and bolts; a wrench.

spark plug n
bûjî
The part of an internal combustion engine which forms a high-voltage electric spark which ignites the fuel-air mixture to begin the power stroke.

sparrow /ˈspæɹoʊ/ /ˈspæɹəʊ/ /ˈspɛɹoʊ/ n
çivîk
A member of the family Passeridae, comprising small Old World songbirds.

spatula /ˈspætjʊlə/ /ˈspæt͡ʃələ/ /ˈspæt͡ʃʊlə/ n
hevstîv
(cookware) A kitchen utensil consisting of a flat surface attached to a long handle, used for turning, lifting, or stirring food.

spawn /spɑn/ /spɑɒn/ /spɔn/ /spɔːn/ n
nifş
Any germ or seed, even a figurative source.

spawn /spɑn/ /spɑɒn/ /spɔn/ /spɔːn/ v
derketin
(transitive) To generate, bring into being, especially non-mammalian beings in very large numbers.
(transitive) To bring forth in general.

speak /spik/ /spiːk/ v
peyivîn
(intransitive) To communicate with one's voice, to say words out loud.
axaftin
(transitive, stative) To be able to communicate in a language.

speak to v
bale kirin
(idiomatic) To (figuratively) resonate with; to feel emotionally relevant to.

speak up /ˌspik ˈʌp/ /ˌspiːk ˈʌp/ v
gotin
(idiomatic) To talk more loudly or clearly.

spear /spɪə̯(ɹ)/ /spɪɹ/ n
rim
A long stick with a sharp tip used as a weapon for throwing or thrusting, or anything used to make a thrusting motion.

spearhead /ˈspiɹ.hɛd/ /ˈspɪə.hɛd/ /ˈspɪɹ.hɛd/ v
serkêşî kirin
(transitive) To drive or campaign ardently for, as an effort, project, etc.

special /ˈspɛʃ(ə)l/ /ˈspɛʃl̩/ adj
taybet
Distinguished by a unique or unusual quality.
Of particular value or interest; dear; beloved.

special military operation n
operasyoneke leşkerî ya taybet
(euphemism, neologism) A military situation resembling a war.

specie /ˈspiːsi/ /ˈspiːʃi/ n
cure
Money in the form of coins made from precious metal that has an intrinsic value; coinage.

species /-iːz/ /-ɪz/ /ˈspiːsiːz/ /ˈspiːʃiːz/ n
cure
(biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below genus; a taxon at that rank.
A group of plants or animals in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction, usually having similar appearance.
(mineralogy) A mineral with a unique chemical formula whose crystals belong to a unique crystallographic system.
(Christianity) Either of the two elements of the Eucharist after they have been consecrated.

specific heat n
tîna germbûnê

specimen /ˈspɛsɪmɪn/ n
nimûne
An individual instance that represents a class; an example.
A sample, especially one used for diagnostic analysis.

spectacled bear n
hirçê biberçavk
Tremarctos ornatus, a species of small, short-faced bear native to South America.

spectroscope n
spektroskop
An optical instrument used for spectrographic analysis [from later 19th c.].

speculum /ˈspɛk.jə.ləm/ /ˈspɛk.jʊ.ləm/ n
spekûlûm
(medicine) A medical instrument used during an examination to dilate an orifice.

speech /ˈspiːt͡ʃ/ n
peyv
(uncountable) The ability to speak; the faculty of uttering words or articulate sounds and vocalizations to communicate.
ziman
(countable) A formal session of speaking, especially a long oral message given publicly by one person.

speed /spiːd/ n
lez
The state of moving quickly or the capacity for rapid motion.

speedy /ˈspiː.di/ adj
ئاماده
Proceeding with or characterized by high speed; rapid.

spell /spɛl/ v
zanîn
(transitive) To indicate that (some event) will occur; typically followed by a single-word noun. [from 19th c.]

spend /spɛnd/ v
zêha kirin
(ambitransitive) To pay out (money).
biwartin
To consume, to use up (time).

spent /ˈspɛnt/ adj
betilî
Consumed, used up, exhausted, depleted.

sperm /spɜɹm/ /spɜːm/ n
sperma
(uncountable, slang) Semen; the generative substance of male animals.

spew /spjuː/ v
hilavêtin
(transitive) To eject forcibly and in a stream,
(intransitive, informal) To vomit.

sphere /sfɪə(ɹ)/ /sfɪɚ/ n
gilover
(figuratively) The region in which something or someone is active; one's province, domain. [from 17th c.]

spheroid n
gogek
A solid of revolution generated by rotating an ellipse about its major (prolate), or minor (oblate) axis.

spider /ˈspaɪ̯də/ /ˈspaɪ̯dɚ/ [ˈspʌɪ̯ɾə(ɹ)] n
pîrê
Any of various eight-legged, predatory arthropods, of the order Araneae, most of which spin webs to catch prey.

spiffy /ˈspɪfi/ adj
qeşeng
(informal) Dapper; fine or neat, especially in style of clothing or other appearance.

spigot /ˈspɪ.kət/ /ˈspɪ.ɡət/ n
tepedor
A pin or peg used to stop the vent in a cask.
zembere
The plug of a faucet, tap or cock.

spike /spaɪk/ n
simbil
An ear of corn or grain.
(botany) A kind of inflorescence in which sessile flowers are arranged on an unbranched elongated axis.

spin /spɪn/ n
tesîr
(aviation) A condition of flight where a stalled aircraft is simultaneously pitching, yawing, and rolling in a spinning motion.

spinach /ˈspɪnɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈspɪnɪt͡ʃ/ n
spînax
A particular edible plant, Spinacia oleracea, or its leaves.

spindle /ˈspɪndəl/ n
teşî
(spinning) A rod used for spinning and then winding fibres (especially wool), usually consisting of a shaft and a circular whorl positioned at either the upper or lower end of the shaft when suspended vertically from the forming thread.
dingil
A rod which turns, or on which something turns.

spine /spaɪn/ n
birrbirre
Something resembling a backbone, such as a ridge, or a long, central structure from which other structures radiate.
pişt
The narrow, bound edge of a book that encloses the inner edges of the pages, facing outwards when the book is on a shelf and typically bearing the title and the author's and publisher's name.
strî
(zootomy, botany) A pointed, fairly rigid protuberance or needlelike structure on an animal, shell, or plant.

spinneret n
rîz
The organ a spider uses to spin its web.

spire /spaɪə/ /ˈspaɪ.ə/ /ˈspaɪ.ɚ/ n
birc
(architectural element) A tapering structure built on a roof or tower, especially as one of the central architectural features of a church or cathedral roof. [from 16th c.]

spirillum n
spîrîl
Any of various aerobic bacteria of the genus Spirillum, having an elongated spiral form and bearing a tuft of flagella.

spirit /ˈspiɹɪt/ /ˈspɪɹɪt/ n
جۆر
The manner or style of something.
alkol
(usually, in the plural) A volatile liquid, such as alcohol. The plural form spirits is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages.

spirits /ˈspɪɹɪts/ n
alkol
(chiefly, UK) Distilled alcoholic beverages.

spiritual /ˈspɪɹɪtjʊəl/ /ˈspɪɹɪtʃʊəl/ /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/ /ˈspɪɹɪ̈t͡ʃul̩/ adj
manewî
Of or pertaining to the spirit or the soul.
Of or pertaining to God or a place of worship; sacred, pure; (Christianity, specifically) inspired by the Holy Spirit.
Of or pertaining to spirits; supernatural.
Consisting of spirit; not material; incorporeal.

spit /spɪt/ n
lîk
(uncountable) Saliva, especially when expectorated.

spit /spɪt/ v
tif kirin
(ambitransitive) To evacuate (saliva or another substance) from the mouth, etc.

spleen /spliːn/ n
sipil
(anatomy, immunology) In vertebrates, including humans, a ductless vascular gland, located in the left upper abdomen near the stomach, which destroys old red blood cells, removes debris from the bloodstream, acts as a reservoir of blood, and produces lymphocytes.
(archaic, except in the set phrase "to vent one's spleen") A bad mood; spitefulness.
(obsolete, rare) A sudden motion or action; a fit; a freak; a whim.
(obsolete) Melancholy; hypochondriacal affections.
A fit of immoderate laughter or merriment.

split /splɪt/ n
qelîş
A crack or longitudinal fissure.
dabeşbûn
A breach or separation, as in a political party; a division.

split /splɪt/ v
birrîn
(intransitive, of something solid, particularly wood) To break along the grain fully or partly along a more or less straight line.
beş kirin
(transitive) To share; to divide.
(intransitive) To burst out laughing.

split up v
belavbûn
(transitive) separate, disassociate, cause to come apart.

splurge /splɜːd͡ʒ/ /splɝd͡ʒ/ n
nimandin
An extravagant indulgence; a spending spree. [from 1928]

splurge /splɜːd͡ʒ/ /splɝd͡ʒ/ v
rijandin
(ambitransitive) To (cause to) gush; to flow or move in a rush.
feşandin
(ambitransitive) To spend lavishly or extravagantly, especially money. [from 1911]

spoil /spɔɪl/ v
tune kirin
(transitive) To ruin; to damage (something) in some way making it unfit for use. [from 16th c.]
(transitive) To ruin the character of, by overindulgence; to coddle or pamper to excess. [from 17th c.]
rizîn
(intransitive) Of food, to become bad, sour or rancid; to decay. [from 17th c.]

spoiled /spɔɪld/ adj
şaqizî
(of a person, usually a child) Having a selfish or greedy character due to pampering.

spoke /spəʊk/ n
brûsk
A stick inserted into the wheel of a vehicle to keep the wheel from turning.

spokesman n
berdevk
One who speaks as the voice of another person or a group of people.

spokesperson /ˈspəʊkspɜːɹsən/ n
berdevk
A person who acts as the voice of another person or a group of people.

spokeswoman n
berdevk
A woman who speaks as the voice of a group of people.

sponge /spʌnd͡ʒ/ n
lûfik
(countable) Any of various marine invertebrates of the phylum Porifera, that have a porous skeleton often of silica.
(countable) A piece of porous material used for washing (originally made from the invertebrates, now often made of plastic).
(uncountable) The porous material that synthetic washing sponges are made of.

sponge /spʌnd͡ʒ/ v
dotin
(intransitive, slang) To take advantage of the kindness of others.

spontaneous /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs/ /spɒnˈteɪ.ni.əs/ adj
ji ber xwe ve
Self-generated; happening without any apparent external cause.

spoof /spuːf/ v
xapandin
(transitive) To deceive.

spool /spuːl/ /spʉl/ n
masûle
A reel; a device around which thread, wire or cable is wound, especially a cylinder or spindle.

spoon /spun/ /spuːn/ n
kevçî
An implement for eating or serving; a scooped utensil whose long handle is straight, in contrast to a ladle.

spoon lure n
kefçî
(fishing) An oblong, concave lure, usually of metal or shell, shaped like the bowl of a spoon.

spoon-feed /ˈspunˌfid/ /ˈspuːnfiːd/ v
cûn
(ambitransitive) To explain (something, to someone) in simple words; to explain (it, to them) in words of one syllable; to spell (it) out (for them).

spoonbill n
hevstîv
Any of various large, long-legged wading birds in the ibis family Threskiornithidae, that have a large, flat, spatulate bill.

spoonful /ˈspuːnfəl/ /ˈspuːnfʊl/ /ˈspʌnfʊl/ n
kevçî
The amount that a spoon will hold, either level or heaped.

sporadic /spəˈɹæd.ɪk/ adj
carine
Rare and scattered in occurrence.

sport /spo(ː)ɹt/ /spoət/ /spɔɹt/ /spɔː/ /spɔːt/ n
sîpor
(countable) Any activity that uses physical exertion or skills competitively under a set of rules that is not based on aesthetics.
qumar
(uncountable) Gaming for money as in racing, hunting, or fishing.

sport /spo(ː)ɹt/ /spoət/ /spɔɹt/ /spɔː/ /spɔːt/ v
lê xistin
(intransitive) To amuse oneself, to play.

spot /spɑt/ /spɒt/ n
xal
A round or irregular patch on the surface of a thing having a different color, texture etc. and generally round in shape.
niqte
A stain or disfiguring mark.
lampe
A bright lamp; a spotlight.

spotted dragonet n
aştî
A fish of the species Callionymus maculatus.

spout /spaʊt/ /spʌʊt/ n
هه‌ناسه‌
The mixture of air and water thrown up from the blowhole of a whale.

spread /spɹɛd/ v
rayeka navdêrî
(transitive) To extend (individual rays, limbs etc.); to stretch out in varying or opposing directions. [from 13th c.]
(transitive) To disseminate; to cause to proliferate, to make (something) widely known or present. [from 14th c.]
ajotin
(transitive) To smear, to distribute in a thin layer. [from 16th c.]

spring /spɹɪŋ/ n
bihar به‌هار
(countable) The season of the year in temperate regions in which plants spring from the ground and into bloom and dormant animals spring to life.

springtime n
bihar
The season of spring, between winter and summer.

sprocket /spɹɒkɪt/ n
fistiqên çaman
(mechanical engineering) A toothed wheel that enmeshes with a chain or other perforated band.
didan
(usually, in the plural) The tooth of such a wheel.

sprout /spɹaʊt/ /spɹʌʊt/ v
kuta bûn
(gardening, intransitive) To grow from seed; to germinate.

spruce /spɹuːs/ /spɹʉs/ n
kaj
Any of various large coniferous evergreen trees or shrubs from the genus Picea, found in northern temperate and boreal regions; originally and more fully spruce fir.

spud /spʌd/ n
potata
(informal) A potato. [from 1845]

spunk /spʌŋk/ n
mêranî
(uncountable) Courage; spirit; mettle; determination.
pisîk
(countable, UK, Australia, New Zealand, slang) An attractive person (normally male).

spurn /spɜːn/ /spɝn/ n
شه‌ق
A kick; a blow with the foot.

spy /spaɪ/ n
sîxur
A person who secretly watches and examines the actions of other individuals or organizations and gathers information on them (usually to gain an advantage).

spyglass n
xwedîferaset
A small portable telescope.

squadron /ˈskwɒd.ɹən/ n
felek
(military, historical, army) A body of cavalry comprising two companies or troops, averaging from one hundred and twenty to two hundred soldiers.

squalid /ˈskwɒlɪd/ adj
pîs
Extremely dirty and unpleasant.

square /skweə(ɹ)/ /skweː(ɹ)/ /skwɛə(ɹ)/ /skwɛəɹ/ /skwɪə(ɹ)/ adj
çarçik
Shaped like a square (the polygon).
Used in the names of units of area formed by multiplying a unit of length by itself.

square /skweə(ɹ)/ /skweː(ɹ)/ /skwɛə(ɹ)/ /skwɛəɹ/ /skwɪə(ɹ)/ n
xanî
A cell in a grid.
çarçik
(printing) A certain number of lines, forming a portion of a column, nearly square; used chiefly in reckoning the prices of advertisements in newspapers.
(mathematics) The product of a number or quantity multiplied by itself; the second power of a number, value, term or expression.
meydan
An open space or park, often in the center of a town, not necessarily square in shape, often containing trees, seating and other features pleasing to the eye.

square kilometre n
çargoşê kîlomêtre
Standard unit of area, symbol km2, equal to the area of a square whose sides are one kilometre long; 106 square metres.

square metre n
metre çargoşe
A standard unit of area equal to the area of a square whose sides are one metre long (that is, an area one meter square) Symbol: m2

square root n
kok
(mathematics) The number which, when squared, yields another number.

squared adj
çarçik
(mathematics) Raised to the second power.

squash /skwɑʃ/ /skwɒʃ/ /skwɔɹʃ/ /skwɔʃ/ n
kulind
(botany, countable) A plant and its fruit of any of a few species of the genus Cucurbita, or gourd kind.

squeal /skwil/ /skwiːl/ n
قیژه
A high-pitched sound, such as the scream of a child or a female person, or noisy worn-down brake pads.

squeeze out v
avetin
(transitive) (sports) To force (a competitor) out of one of a limited number of winning positions by taking over that position or a higher one.

squid /skwɪd/ n
axtapot
Any of several carnivorous marine cephalopod mollusks, of the order Teuthida, having a mantle, eight arms, and a pair of tentacles
A fishhook with a piece of bright lead, bone, or other substance fastened on its shank to imitate a squid.
(US, military, slang, mildly, pejorative) A sailor in the Navy.
(UK, slang, humorous, rare) A quid; one pound sterling.

squiggly /ˈskwɪɡli/ adj
çelexwarî
(informal) Not straight; wavy and irregular.

squire /ˈskwaɪə/ /ˈskwaɪɚ/ n
siwar
A devoted attendant or follower of a lady; a beau.

squirrel /ˈskwɝl/ /ˈskwɝl̩/ /ˈskwɝəl/ /ˈskwɪɹl̩/ /ˈskwɪɹəl/ /ˈskwʌɹəl/ n
pilêr pilûr
Any of the rodents of the family Sciuridae distinguished by their large bushy tail.

squirting cucumber n
eşek hıyarı
The plant Ecballium elaterium, a member of the cucumber family (Cucurbitaceae)

squish /skwɪʃ/ v
pelixandin
(transitive, informal) To squeeze, compress, or crush (especially something moist).

stable /ˈsteɪb(ə)l/ /ˈsteɪbl̩/ n
axur
A building, wing or dependency set apart and adapted for lodging and feeding (and training) ungulates, especially horses.

stabling n
axur
A building, shed, or room for horses and cattle; a stable.

stack /stæk/ n
baterî
A pile of similar objects, each directly on top of the last.
(computing, often with "the") A stack data structure stored in main memory that is manipulated during machine language procedure call related instructions.

stadium /ˈsteɪ.di.əm/ n
qonax
A venue where sporting events are held.

staff /stæf/ /stɑːf/ [staf] [steəf] [stäf] [stäːf] [stæf] [stɐːf] [stɑːf] [stɛəf] n
darik
(plural staffs or staves) A long, straight, thick wooden rod or stick, especially one used to assist in walking.
karker
(engineering) An arbor, as of a wheel or a pinion of a watch.

stage /steɪd͡ʒ/ n
qonax
A phase.
qat
(geology) The succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic time scale.

stain /steɪn/ n
niqte
A discolored spot or area caused by spillage or other contact with certain fluids or substances.
reng
A substance used to soak into a surface and colour it.

stake /steɪk/ n
بەشداری
A share or interest in a business or a given situation.

stale /steɪl/ adj
berê
No longer fresh, new, or interesting, in reference to ideas and immaterial things; clichéd, hackneyed, dated.

stalk /stɑk/ /stɔk/ /stɔːk/ n
bistîk
(mathematics, sheaf theory) Informally, a construction which generalizes that of the notion of the ring of germs of functions near a point to the context of arbitrary sheaves. Formally, given a sheaf \mathcal{F} on a space X, and a point x in X, the direct limit of the sections of F on the open neighborhoods of x ordered by reverse inclusion. See w:Stalk (sheaf) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

stallion /ˈstæli.ən/ /ˈstæljən/ n
hesp
A male horse kept primarily as a stud.
An adult male horse.

stamina /ˈstæmənə/ /ˈstæmɪnə/ n
derman
The energy and strength for continuing to do something over a long period of time; power of sustained exertion, or resistance to hardship, illness etc.

stand /stænd/ [steənd] n
destûr
(dated) A state of perplexity or embarrassment.

stand /stænd/ [steənd] v
hilanîn
(intransitive, copulative, obsolete) To be in some particular state; to have essence or being; to be; to consist.

stand in v
standin
To substitute for; to replace; (theater) to serve as an understudy.

standard /ˈstændəd/ /ˈstændəɹd/ [ˈsteəndɚd] n
ئاڵا
The flag or ensign carried by a military unit.

stapes /ˈsteɪ.piːz/ n
rikêb

staple /ˈsteɪ.pəl/ n
bingehîn
A basic or essential supply.

star /staː(ɹ)/ /stɑɹ/ /stɑː(ɹ)/ n
stêr
(geometry) A concave polygon with regular, pointy protrusions and indentations, usually with four, five, or six points.
(acting) An actor in a leading role.
(printing) An asterisk (*) or symbol (★).
A symbol used to rate hotels, films, etc. with a higher number of stars denoting better quality.
A composition of combustible matter used in the heading of rockets, in mines, etc., which, exploding in the air, presents a starlike appearance.
(networking) A network topology with multiple computers individually merging to one central switch, thus free of risk of collisions. A single point of failure can occur if the switch experiences corruption.
stêr stêrk
An exceptionally talented or famous person, often in a specific field; a celebrity.
A simple dance, or part of a dance, where a group of four dancers each put their right or left hand in the middle and turn around in a circle. You call them right-hand stars or left-hand stars, depending on the hand which is in the middle.

starch /stɑɹt͡ʃ/ /stɑːt͡ʃ/ adj
قایم
Stiff; precise; rigid.

starch /stɑɹt͡ʃ/ /stɑːt͡ʃ/ n
nîşa
(countable) Any of various starch-like substances used as a laundry stiffener.

starling /ˈstɑɹ.lɪŋ/ /ˈstɑː.lɪŋ/ n
alik
A family, Sturnidae, of passerine birds.

start /stɑɹt/ /stɑːt/ n
سه‌ره‌تا
The beginning of an activity.
The beginning point of a race, a board game, etc.

start /stɑɹt/ /stɑːt/ v
dest pê kirin
(transitive) To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly.

starter /ˈstɑɹ.tɚ/ /ˈstɑː.tə(ɹ)/ [ˈstɑɹ.ɾɚ] n
lîstok
An electric motor that starts an internal combustion engine.

starvation /stɑɹˈveɪʃən/ /stɑːˈveɪʃən/ n
xela
A condition of severe suffering due to a lack of nutrition.

stash /stæʃ/ v
veşartin
(transitive) To hide or store away for later use.

stat /stæt/ adv
yekser
(medicine) Immediately; now.

state /steɪt/ n
welat
hal
(anthropology) A society larger than a tribe. A society large enough to form a state in the sense of a government.

state /steɪt/ v
herhangi bir konuda bilgi vermek
(transitive) To declare to be a fact.
aşkera kirin
(transitive) To make known.

state of affairs n
boçûn
(idiomatic) A specific situation; a set of circumstances.

stateless adj
welatînî
(legal) Without a state or nationality; not subject to any state.

station /ˈsteɪʃən/ n
[[ئێستگه‌]]
A place where one performs a task or where one is on call to perform a task.
werz
A place used for broadcasting radio or television; the broadcasting entity itself.

statistics /stəˈtɪstɪks/ n
amar
A discipline, principally within applied mathematics, concerned with the systematic study of the collection, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data.

statue /ˈstæt.juː/ /ˈstæt͡ʃ.uː/ /ˈstæt͡ʃu/ n
peykel heykel
A three-dimensional work of art, usually representing a person or animal, usually created by sculpting, carving, molding, or casting.

status /ˈsteɪ.təs/ /ˈsteː.təs/ /ˈstæt.əs/ /ˈstɛː.təs/ [ˈstæɾ.əs] n
statû
A person’s condition, position or standing relative to that of others.
Prestige or high standing.
A situation or state of affairs.
barûdox
(social media) A function of some instant messaging applications, whereby a user may post a message that appears automatically to other users, if they attempt to make contact.

stavesacre n
yûnis
A highly toxic, perennial plant with purple flowers (Staphisagria macrosperma, syn. Delphinium staphisagria).

stay /steɪ/ v
man
(intransitive) To remain in a particular place, especially for a definite or short period of time; sojourn; abide.
(intransitive, copulative) To continue to have a particular quality.
(transitive, obsolete) To remain for the purpose of; to stay to take part in or be present at (a meal, ceremony etc.).

stead /stɛd/ n
bajar
(obsolete) An estate, a property with its grounds; a farm; a homestead. [14th–19th c.]

steadfast /ˈstɛdfæst/ /ˈstɛdfɑːst/ /ˈstɛdfəst/ adj
berdewamî
Fixed or unchanging; steady.

steal /stiːl/ v
دزین
(transitive) To take illegally, or without the owner's permission, something owned by someone else without intending to return it.
(transitive, baseball) To advance safely to (another base) during the delivery of a pitch, without the aid of a hit, walk, passed ball, wild pitch, or defensive indifference.

steam /stim/ /stiːm/ n
bixar
The suspended condensate (cloud) formed by water vapour when it encounters colder air
Pressurized water vapour used for heating, cooking, or to provide mechanical energy.
ڕق
(figuratively) Pent-up anger.

steamship n
bixar
A ship or vessel propelled by steam power.

steed /stiːd/ n
kihêl
(archaic, poetic) A stallion, especially in the sense of mount.

steel /stiːl/ [stiːɫ] n
pola
(countable, uncountable) An artificial metal produced from iron, harder and more elastic than elemental iron; used figuratively as a symbol of hardness.

steep /stiːp/ adj
sahne
Of a near-vertical gradient; of a slope, surface, curve, etc. that proceeds upward at an angle near vertical.

steep /stiːp/ n
gîrawe
A liquid used in a steeping process

steer /stɪə(ɹ)/ /stɪɚ/ /stɪɹ/ n
ga
The castrated male of cattle, especially one raised for beef production.

steer /stɪə(ɹ)/ /stɪɚ/ /stɪɹ/ v
ajotin
(intransitive) To guide the course of a vessel, vehicle, aircraft etc. (by means of a device such as a rudder, paddle, or steering wheel).
(transitive) To guide the course of a vessel, vehicle, aircraft etc. (by means of a device such as a rudder, paddle, or steering wheel).

stem /stɛm/ n
ling
bistîk
A slender supporting member of an individual part of a plant such as a flower or a leaf; also, by analogy, the shaft of a feather.
poz
(nautical) The vertical or nearly vertical forward extension of the keel, to which the forward ends of the planks or strakes are attached.

stem /stɛm/ v
qurm
To remove the stem from.
girtin
(transitive) To stop, hinder (for instance, a river or blood).

stemming n
qurm
A process for removing the inflexional, and sometimes derivational, affixes from words.

stentorian /stɛnˈtɔː.ɹi.ən/ adj
xurt
(of a voice) Loud, powerful, booming, suitable for giving speeches to large crowds.

step /stɛp/ n
gav
A small space or distance.
A print of the foot; a footstep; a footprint; track.
Proceeding; measure; action; act.
(machines) One of a series of offsets, or parts, resembling the steps of stairs, as one of the series of parts of a cone pulley on which the belt runs.

step /stɛp/ v
gav avêtin
avêtin
(intransitive) To move the foot in walking; to advance or recede by raising and moving one of the feet to another resting place, or by moving both feet in succession.
meşîn
(intransitive) To walk; to go on foot; especially, to walk a little distance.
çûn
(intransitive, figuratively) To move mentally; to go in imagination.

step by step adv
giran giran
Gradually and steadily.

step over n
duçerxe
(football) A dribbling move, or feint, in football (soccer), used to fool a defensive player into thinking the offensive player, in possession of the ball, in which the foot is moved over the ball without making contact with it.

stepchild n
kurhilî
The child of one's spouse but not one's own.

stepdaughter n
bûk
The daughter of one's spouse and not of oneself.

stepfather n
bavmarî
(in the narrow sense) A husband of one's biological mother after her initial marriage to or relationship with one's biological father.

stepmother /ˈstɛpmʌðə/ n
jinbav
The wife of one's biological father, other than one's biological mother.

stepson /ˈstɛpsʌn/ n
nevis
The son of one's spouse, but not one's own child.

stern /stɜːn/ /stɝn/ adj
req
Having a hardness and severity of nature or manner.

stew /stjuː/ /stu/ /stʃuː/ /stʃʉː/ v
fetisandin
(intransitive, figuratively) To suffer under uncomfortably hot conditions.

stick /stɪk/ n
darik
A cane or walking stick (usually wooden, metal or plastic) to aid in walking.
چیلکه‌دار
A relatively long, thin piece of wood, of any size.
A small, thin branch from a tree or bush; a twig; a branch.

stick /stɪk/ v
man
(dated, transitive) To bring to a halt; to stymie; to puzzle.
nûsîn
(transitive, slang, dated) To impose upon; to compel to pay; sometimes, to cheat.

stick up v
man
(transitive, idiomatic) To rob at gunpoint.

stiff /stɪf/ adj
req
(of an, object) Rigid; hard to bend; inflexible.
قایم
(figurative, of, _, policies and rules and their application and enforcement) Inflexible; rigid.

stiff /stɪf/ n
cenaze
(slang) A cadaver; a dead person.

stiffness n
ingiroktî
Inflexibility or a measure of inflexibility.

stifle /ˈstaɪf(ə)l/ /ˈstaɪfl̩/ v
fetisîn
(transitive, also, figuratively) To make (an animal or person) unconscious or cause (an animal or person) death by preventing breathing; to smother, to suffocate.
(intransitive) To die of suffocation.
fetisandin
(transitive, also, figuratively) To prevent (a breath, cough, or cry, or the voice, etc.) from being released from the throat.
(transitive) To make (something) unable to be heard by blocking it with some medium.

still /stɪl/ [stɪo̯] [stɪɫ] [stɪʊ̯] adj
bêdeng
Uttering no sound; silent.

still /stɪl/ [stɪo̯] [stɪɫ] [stɪʊ̯] adv
daîme
(aspect) Up to a time, as in the preceding time.
her wiha
(conjunctive) Nevertheless.

stilted /ˈstɪltɪd/ adj
nejidil
(figuratively) Elevated or raised in a contrived or unnatural way; stiff and artificially formal or pompous; also, depending on redundant, unnecessary elements.

stipend /-pn̩d/ /-pənd/ /ˈstaɪpɛnd/ /ˈstaɪˌpɛnd/ n
meaş
(archaic) A regular fixed payment made to someone (especially a clergyman, judge, soldier, or teacher) for services provided by them; a salary. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]

stipulate /ˈstɪpjuˌleɪt/ /ˈstɪpjəˌleɪt/ v
şert danîn
(transitive) To require (something) as a condition of a contract or agreement.
girtin ser xwe
(transitive) To specify, promise or guarantee something in an agreement.
qebûl kirin
(US, transitive, formal, law) To acknowledge the truth of; not to challenge.

stipulation /ˌstɪp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
bîryar
Something that is stated or stipulated as a condition of an agreement.

stir /stɜː/ /stɝ/ v
tevdan
(transitive) To disturb the relative position of the particles of (a liquid or similar) by passing an object through it.
(transitive) To disturb the content of (a container) by passing an object through it.
(transitive, dated) To change the place of in any manner; to move.
arandin
(transitive) To bring into debate; to agitate.

stir up v
ajawe
(transitive) To arouse or excite (passion or action, etc.).

stirrup /ˈstɝ.əp/ /ˈstɪɹ.əp/ n
rikêb
(equestrianism) A ring or hoop suspended by a rope or strap from the saddle, for a horseman's foot while mounting or riding.
(by extension) Any piece shaped like the stirrup of a saddle, used as a support, clamp, etc.

stitch /stɪt͡ʃ/ n
nuqte
A single pass of a needle in sewing; the loop or turn of the thread thus made.

stock character n
tîp
(writing, theatre, cinema) Any fictional character drawn from some stereotype who is instantly recognizable.

stocks /stɑks/ /stɒks/ n
qurm
(plurale tantum) A device, similar to a pillory, formerly used for public humiliation and punishment.

stomach /ˈstɐmək/ /ˈstɐmɪk/ /ˈstʌmək/ n
gede zik
An organ in animals that stores food in the process of digestion.

stomachache /ˈstʌməkˌeɪk/ n
zikêş
A pain in the abdomen, often caused by indigestion. (The pain is usually lower than the stomach and related to the intestines.)

stone /stoʊn/ /stɐʉn/ /stəʊn/ adj
kevir
Constructed of stone.

stone /stoʊn/ /stɐʉn/ /stəʊn/ n
kevir
(uncountable) A hard earthen substance that can form large rocks.
A small piece of stone, a pebble.
A gemstone, a jewel, especially a diamond.
(botany) The central part of some fruits, particularly drupes; consisting of the seed and a hard endocarp layer.
(medicine) A hard, stone-like deposit.
A monument to the dead; a gravestone or tombstone.

stonecutter n
berbir
Somebody who cuts, carves or dresses stone.

stoned /stoʊnd/ /stəʊnd/ adj
baş,çê
(slang) High on drugs, especially cannabis.

stonemason n
berbir
One who works in stone.

stooge /stuːd͡ʒ/ n
کۆتر

stool /stuːl/ /stʉl/ n
destav

stop /stɑp/ /stɒp/ n
rawestgeh
A (usually marked) place where buses, trams or trains halt to let passengers get on and off, usually smaller than a station.
nuqte
A symbol used for purposes of punctuation and representing a pause or separating clauses, particularly a full stop, comma, colon or semicolon.

stop /stɑp/ /stɒp/ v
sekinandin
(intransitive) Not to continue.
rawestîn
(transitive) To cause (something) to cease moving or progressing.
(transitive) To cause (something) to come to an end.
بوه‌سته‌
(intransitive) To stay; to spend a short time; to reside or tarry temporarily.

storey /ˈstɔːɹi/ /ˈstɔːɹɪ/ n
qat
A floor or level of a building or ship.

stork /stɔɹk/ /stɔːk/ n
laklak
A large wading bird with long legs and a long beak of the family Ciconiidae.
leglega spî
(children's folklore) The mythical bringer of babies to families, or good news.

storm /stɔɹm/ /stɔːm/ v
êriş kirin
(chiefly, military) To violently assault (a fortified position or stronghold, a building, etc.) with the aim of gaining control of it.

story /ˈstɔ.ɹi/ /ˈstɔː.ɹi/ n
mêjû
An account of real or fictional events.

storyteller n
çîrrokbêj
A person who relates stories through one medium or another to an audience

stove /stoʊv/ /stəʊv/ n
rêbendan
A device for heating food, (UK) a cooker.
sope
(dated) A house or room artificially warmed or heated.

straddle carrier n
siwar
A vehicle used in ports and yards for stacking and moving freight containers.

straggler /ˈstɹæɡlə/ /ˈstɹæɡlɚ/ /ˈstɹæɡl̩ɚ/ n
serserî
A roving vagabond.

straight /stɹeɪt/ adj
rêk
Not crooked, curly, or bent; having a constant direction throughout its length. [from 14th c.]

straight /stɹeɪt/ n
tiraşîn
Something that is not crooked or bent such as a part of a road or track.

straight line n
dirust
(geometry) A line with no curvature; a line with constant direction. The path of shortest length between two points.

straightforward adj
vekirî
(figurative) direct; forthright; frank; sincere

strain /stɹeɪn/ n
fişar
The act of straining, or the state of being strained.
qurm
(biology) A particular variety of a microbe, virus, or other organism, usually a taxonomically infraspecific one.

strain /stɹeɪn/ v
heft
(transitive) To separate solid from liquid by passing through a strainer or colander.

strainer /ˈstɹeɪnɚ/ n
fîlter
A device through which a liquid is passed for purification, filtering or separation from solid matter; anything (including a screen or a cloth) used to strain a liquid.
A perforated screen or openwork (usually at the end of a suction pipe of a pump), used to prevent solid bodies from mixing in a liquid stream or flowline.
One who strains.

strait /stɹeɪt/ n
geru
(geography) A narrow channel of water connecting two larger bodies of water.

strand /stɹænd/ [stɹɛənd] n
plaj
The shore or beach of the sea or ocean.
bend
Each of the strings which, twisted together, make up a yarn, rope or cord.
zincîr
(genetics) A nucleotide chain.

strange /stɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ adj
ecêb
Not normal; odd, unusual, surprising, out of the ordinary.

stranger /ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒə/ /ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒɚ/ n
بێگانه‌
An outsider or foreigner.

strangle /ˈstɹæŋɡ(ə)l/ /ˈstɹæŋɡəl/ v
fetisandin
(transitive) To kill someone by squeezing the throat so as to cut off the oxygen supply; to choke, suffocate or throttle.
(intransitive) To be killed by strangulation, or become strangled.

strategy /ˈstɹæt.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
stratejî
(uncountable) The science and art of military command as applied to the overall planning and conduct of warfare.
(countable) A plan of action intended to accomplish a specific goal.
(uncountable) The act of strategizing; the development of effective strategies.

stratum /ˈstɹaː.təm/ /ˈstɹeɪ.təm/ /ˈstɹæt.əm/ /ˈstɹɑː.təm/ [ˈstɹeɪ.ɾəm] [ˈstɹæɾ.əm] n
dersxane
A class of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status.

stratus /ˈstɹeɪ.təs/ /ˈstɹæt.əs/ n
ewr
(meteorology) A principal, low-level cloud type in the form of a gray layer with a rather uniform base, usually not associated with precipitation, and capable of producing corona phenomena and a weak, uniform luminance; abbreviated St.

straw /stɹɑ/ /stɹɔ/ /stɹɔː/ n
ka
(countable) A dried stalk of a cereal plant.
(uncountable) Such dried stalks considered collectively; this bulk matter may be a chief salable product, a by-product, fodder, bedding, or green manure, depending on region and on current market conditions.

straw man n
pirteqal
(figurative) An innocuous person or someone of nominal or lesser importance, as a front man or straw boss.

strawberry /ˈstɹɑˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔːb(ə)ɹi/ n
tûfiringî
The sweet, usually red, edible fruit of certain plants of the genus Fragaria.
Any plant of the genus Fragaria (that bears such fruit).
A dark pinkish red colour, like that of the fruit; strawberry red.

stream /stɹiːm/ n
çay
A small river; a large creek; a body of moving water confined by banks.

street /stɹit/ /stɹiːt/ [skɹitˀ] [ʃkɹitˀ] [ʃtɹ̠̊iʔ] [ˈʃt͡ʃɹitˀ] n
rê
A paved part of road, usually in a village or a town.

street urchin n
kuçeger
(British, obsolescent) A child who lives, or spends most of his or her time, in the streets; sometimes a petty thief or pickpocket.

strength /stɹɛŋkθ/ /stɹɛŋθ/ [st̠͡ɹ̠eɪŋkθ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɛn̪θ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɛŋkθ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɛɪŋkθ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɪŋkθ] n
hêz
The quality or degree of being strong.
هێز
A positive attribute.

stress /stɹɛs/ n
diltengî
(uncountable) Emotional pressure suffered by a human being or other animal.

stressed /stɹɛst/ adj
kirpandin
(phonetics) Having a stress or accent.

stretch /stɹɛt͡ʃ/ v
berdan
(transitive) To lengthen by pulling.

strife /stɹaɪf/ n
berberî
Bitter conflict, sometimes violent.

strike /stiː.ɹaɪk/ /stɹaɪk/ [stiː.ɹ̠ʌɪ̯k(ʰ)] n
tijî
(cricket) The status of being the batsman that the bowler is bowling at.

string /stɹɪŋ/ n
kindir
(countable) A long, thin and flexible structure made from threads twisted together.
(musical instrument) A segment of wire (typically made of plastic or metal) or other material used as vibrating element on a musical instrument.
ziman
(countable) Any similar long, thin and flexible object.
ewr
(slang) Cannabis or marijuana.

strip /stɹɪp/ v
hilanîn
(transitive) To remove or take away, often in strips or stripes.
(transitive) To take away something from (someone or something); to plunder; to divest.

strip off v
ji ber kirin
(intransitive, British, Ireland, idiomatic) To remove all of one's clothes (or sometimes to remove all except underclothes, or figuratively).

stripe /stɹaɪp/ /stɹʌɪp/ n
nîşan
(in the plural) The badge worn by certain officers in the military or other forces.

strive /ˈstɹaɪv/ v
lebikîn
To try to achieve a result; to make strenuous effort; to try earnestly and persistently.

stroke /stɹoʊk/ /stɹəʊk/ n
dem
(technology) A single movement or thrust of a part (such as a piston) of a machine that moves back and forth; also, the length of this movement.

stroke /stɹoʊk/ /stɹəʊk/ v
mist dan
To move one's hand or an object (such as a broom or brush) along (a surface) in one direction, touching it lightly; to caress.

stroll /stɹoʊl/ /stɹəʊl/ n
meshyan
A wandering on foot; an idle and leisurely walk; a ramble.

stroll /stɹoʊl/ /stɹəʊl/ v
gerîn
To wander on foot; to ramble idly or leisurely; to rove.

strong /stɹɑŋ/ /stɹɒŋ/ /stɹɔŋ/ [st̠͡ɹ̠ɑŋ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɒŋ] [st̠͡ɹ̠ɔŋ] [ʃt̠͡ɹ̠ɑŋ] [ʃt̠͡ɹ̠ɒŋ] [ʃt̠͡ɹ̠ɔŋ] [ʃt͡ʃɹɔŋ] adj
به‌قوه‌ت
Capable of producing great physical force.
xurt
Highly stimulating to the senses.
Having an offensive or intense odor or flavor.
(mathematics, logic) Having a wide range of logical consequences; widely applicable. (Often contrasted with a weak statement which it implies.)
karîzmatîk
(slang, US) Impressive, good.

stronghold /ˈstɹɒŋhəʊld/ /ˈstɹɔŋˌhoʊld/ n
birc
A place built to withstand attack; a fortress.

strontium /ˈstɹɒn.ti.əm/ n
stronsuyûm
The metallic chemical element (symbol Sr) with an atomic number of 38. It is a soft, reactive, silvery alkaline earth metal.

structure /ˈstɹʌk(t)ʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈstɹʌkt͡ʃɚ/ [ˈstɹɐk(t)ʃə(ɹ)] [ˈstʃɹɐktʃə] n
pêkhate
A cohesive whole built up of distinct parts.
The underlying shape of a solid.
The overall form or organization of something.
(computing) Several pieces of data treated as a unit.

strut /stɹət/ /stɹʊt/ /stɹʌt/ [stɹɐt] [stɹʊ̈t] [stɹʌt] n
çalım
(also, figuratively) A step or walk done stiffly and with the head held high, often due to haughtiness or pride; affected dignity in walking.

stubborn /ˈstʊbən/ /ˈstʌbən/ /ˈstʌbɚn/ adj
که‌له‌ ڕه‌ق
Refusing to move or to change one's opinion; obstinate; firmly resisting; persistent in doing something.

stubbornness /ˈstʌbən(n)əs/ /ˈstʌbɚn(n)əs/ n
ingiroktî
The state of being stubborn.

stud /stʌd/ n
hesp
A male animal, especially a stud horse (stallion), kept for breeding.
A female animal, especially a studmare (broodmare), kept for breeding.
(colloquial) A sexually attractive male.
guhar
(construction) A vertical post, especially one of the small uprights in the framing for lath and plaster partitions, and furring, and upon which the laths are nailed.

student /ˈstjuː.dənt/ /ˈstu.dənt/ /ˈst͡ʃuː.dənt/ n
xwendekar
A person who studies or learns about a particular subject.
(in particular) A person who is enrolled at a college or university (as contrasted with a pupil or schoolchild attending a primary or secondary school).
A person who is formally enrolled at a school, a college or university, or another educational institution.

studs n
pêlav
A pair of shoes or boots which have studs on the bottom to aid grip.

study /ˈstʌdi/ n
lêxebitîn
Mental effort to acquire knowledge or learning.

study /ˈstʌdi/ v
xwendin
(academic, transitive) To take a course or courses on a subject.
gercust
(transitive) To look at minutely.

studying /ˈstʌdiːɪŋ/ n
lêgerîn
The action of the verb to study.

stuff /stʌf/ n
ewk
(informal) Miscellaneous items or objects; (with possessive) personal effects.
شت
(informal) Used as placeholder, usually for material of unknown type or name.

stuff /stʌf/ v
tije kirin
(transitive) To fill by packing or crowding something into; to cram with something; to load to excess.

stupefy /ˈst(j)upəˌfaɪ/ /ˈst͡ʃupəˌfaɪ/ v
gêj kirin
(transitive) To dull the senses or capacity to think thereby reducing responsiveness; to dazzle or stun.

stupid /st͡ʃjuː.pɪd/ /ˈst(j)u.pɪd/ /ˈstjuː.pɪd/ /ˈʃtjuː.pɪd/ /ˈʃt͡ʃjʉː.pəd/ adj
ehmeq
(of animates) Lacking in intelligence.
Exhibiting the quality of having been done by someone lacking in intelligence.

stygian /ˈstɪd͡ʒ.i.ən/ adj
reş
(literary) Dark and gloomy.

subgenus n
zayendok
(taxonomy) A subdivision of a genus.

subject /ˈsʌb.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈsʌb.d͡ʒɪkt/ adj
evd
Placed under the power of another; owing allegiance to a particular sovereign or state.

subject /ˈsʌb.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈsʌb.d͡ʒɪkt/ n
babet
The main topic of a paper, work of art, discussion, field of study, etc.
A particular area of study.

subjectivity n
kirdewarî
(singulare tantum) The state of being subjective.

submarine /sʌb.məˈɹin/ /sʌb.məˈɹiːn/ /ˈsʌb.mə.ɹin/ adj
noqav
Hidden or undisclosed.

submarine /sʌb.məˈɹin/ /sʌb.məˈɹiːn/ /ˈsʌb.mə.ɹin/ n
noqav
A boat that can go underwater.

submerge /səbˈmɜːd͡ʒ/ /səbˈmɝd͡ʒ/ v
noq bûn
(transitive) To put into a liquid; to immerse; to plunge into and keep in.

submission /səbˈmɪʃən/ n
guhdarî
The act of submitting or yielding; surrender.
The act of submitting or giving e.g. a completed piece of work.

subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/ v
abone bûn
(ergative) To sign up to have copies of a publication, such as a newspaper or a magazine, delivered for a period of time.

subsection n
nivîsar
(legal) A subpart of a legal document such as law.

subsequently /ˈsʌb.sɪ.kwənt.li/ adv
dûv re
Accordingly, therefore (implying a logical connection or deduction), consequently.

subside /səbˈsaɪd/ /sʌbˈsaɪd/ v
ketin
(intransitive) To sink or fall to the bottom; to settle, as lees.
daketin
(intransitive) To fall downward; to become lower; to descend; to sink.
veketin
(intransitive) To fall into a state of calm; to be calm again; to settle down; to become tranquil; to abate.

substance /ˈsʌbstəns/ [ˈsʌbstənts] n
made
Physical matter; material.
The essential part of anything; the most vital part.
dewlemendî
Material possessions; estate; property; resources.

substantially adv
gelekî
In a strong or substantial manner; considerably.
bi bingehî
To a great extent; in essence; essentially.

substantiate /səbˈstanʃɪeɪt/ v
pêk hatin
(transitive) To give material form or substance to something; to embody; to record in documents

substitute /ˈsʌbstɪtjut/ /ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt/ /ˈsʌbstɪtut/ /ˈsʌbstɪtʃuːt/ v
guherîn
(transitive, sports) To remove (a player) from the field of play and bring on another in his place.

substratum n
nizm
A layer that lies underneath another.

subsume /səbˈsjuːm/ /səbˈsuːm/ v
dan dabeşandin
To place (any one cognition) under another as belonging to it; to include or contain something else.

subtle /ˈsʌt(ə)l/ [ˈsʌɾɫ̩] adj
giran
Hard to grasp; not obvious or easily understood.

subtrahend /ˈsʌbtɹəhɛnd/ n
jêder
(arithmetic) A number or quantity to be subtracted from another.

successor /səkˈsɛsə/ /səkˈsɛsɚ/ /səˈsɛsɚ/ n
cîhgir
A person or thing that immediately follows another in holding an office or title.

succinct /səkˈsɪŋkt/ /səˈsɪŋkt/ adj
biteql
Compressed into a tiny area.

succinctly /səˈsɪŋ(k)t.li/ /sʌkˈsɪŋ(k)t.li/ adv
xwe
In a succinct manner, concisely.

succour /ˈsʌkə/ /ˈsʌkɚ/ n
alîkarî
(uncountable) Aid, assistance, or relief given to one in distress; ministration.

such as preposition
mîna
Like, of the kind mentioned.

suck /sʊk/ /sʌk/ v
mêjîn mêtin
(transitive) To use the mouth and lips to pull in (a liquid, especially milk from the breast). [from 9th c.]
(transitive) To put the mouth or lips to (a breast, a mother etc.) to draw in milk. [from 11th c.]

suck off v
mêjîn
(slang, vulgar, transitive) To perform oral sex (fellatio or cunnilingus) on.

sucker /ˈsʌk.ə/ /ˈsʌk.ɚ/ n
کۆتر
(American, slang) A person who is easily deceived, tricked or persuaded to do something; a naive or gullible person. [from 1830s]

suckle /ˈsʌ.kəl/ v
mêjîn
(transitive) To give suck to; to nurse at the breast, udder, or dugs.

suckling pig n
kudik
An unweaned pig, especially one whose carcass is roasted whole on a spit.

suction /ˈsʌkʃən/ v
mêjîn
To create an imbalance in pressure between one space and another in order to draw matter between the spaces.

sudden /ˈsʌdən/ [ˈsʌdn̩] adj
[[له‌پڕ]]
Happening quickly and with little or no warning.

suddenly /ˈsʌdn̩li/ adv
[[له‌پڕ]]
Happening quickly and with little or no warning; in a sudden manner.

sudoku /su-/ /suː-/ /sə-/ /sʊˈdoʊku/ /sʊˈdukoʊ/ /sʊˈduku/ /sʊˈduːku/ /sʊˈdɑku/ /sʊˈdɒku/ /sʊˈdəʊku/ /ˈsu-/ /ˈsuː-/ /ˈsʊdoʊku/ /ˈsʊdukoʊ/ /ˈsʊduku/ /ˈsʊduːku/ /ˈsʊdɑku/ /ˈsʊdɒku/ /ˈsʊdəʊku/ n
sudoku
(games, puzzles) A type of pencil puzzle played on a square grid, requiring each of the columns, each of the rows, and each of the subregions (called "boxes" or "regions") to contain the lowest whole numbers up to the dimension of the puzzle, usually 1 to 9, once each. The subregions are rectangular or square except in variants.

suffer /ˈsʌfə/ /ˈsʌfɚ/ v
qebûl kirin

suffer from v
kaş kirin
(transitive) To have a particular disease or condition.

suffering /ˈsʌfəɹɪŋ/ /ˈsʌfɹɪŋ/ adj
êş
Experiencing pain; characterized by suffering.

suffering /ˈsʌfəɹɪŋ/ /ˈsʌfɹɪŋ/ n
êş
The condition of someone who suffers; a state of pain or distress.

sufficient /səˈfɪʃənt/ adj
biehliyet

suffix /səˈfɪks/ /ˈsʌfɪks/ n
paşgir
(grammar, linguistic morphology) A morpheme added at the end of a word to modify the word's meaning.

suffocate /ˈsʌfəkeɪt/ /ˈsʌfəkət/ v
fetisandin
(ergative) To suffer, or cause someone to suffer, from severely reduced oxygen intake to the body.

sugar /ˈʃʊɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈʃʊɡɚ/ n
şekir
(uncountable) Sucrose in the form of small crystals, obtained from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink.
(countable, chemistry) Any of various small carbohydrates that are used by organisms to store energy.

sugar apple n
gurçik
Sweetsop, Annona squamosa, a West Indian tree or its fruit.

sugary /ˈʃʊɡəɹi/ adj
şîrîn
Of food, drink, etc, containing or covered with a large amount of sugar.

suggest /sə(ɡ)ˈd͡ʒɛst/ /səˈd͡ʒɛst/ v
angaştin
(transitive) To imply but stop short of explicitly stating (something).

suicide /ˈs(j)uːɪˌsaɪd/ /ˈsuɪˌsaɪd/ n
xwekuştin
(countable) A particular instance of a person intentionally killing themselves, or of multiple people doing so.

suit /sjuːt/ /sut/ /suːt/ /sɪu̯t/ /sʉt/ n
reng
(card games) Each of the sets of a pack of cards distinguished by color and/or specific emblems, such as the spades, hearts, diamonds, or clubs of traditional Anglo, Hispanic, and French playing cards.

suit /sjuːt/ /sut/ /suːt/ /sɪu̯t/ /sʉt/ v
lê şikîn
(transitive, said of clothes, hairstyle or other fashion item) To be suitable or apt for one's image.
(transitive, figurative) To be appropriate or apt for.

suitable /ˈsjuːtəbl/ /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj
guncav
Having sufficient or the required properties for a certain purpose or task; appropriate to a certain occasion.

suitcase /ˈs(j)uːtkeɪs/ /ˈsutkeɪs/ n
bawil
A large (usually rectangular) piece of luggage used for carrying clothes, and sometimes suits, when travelling.

sulfur /ˈsʌl.fə/ /ˈsʌl.fɚ/ n
kewkurd
(uncountable) A chemical element (symbol S) with an atomic number of 16.

sultan /ˈsʌltən/ n
sultan
A hereditary ruler in various Muslim states (sultanate), varying from petty principalities (as in Yemen), often vassal of a greater ruler, to independent realms, such as Oman, Brunei, Morocco (until 1956) or an empire such as the Turkish Ottoman Empire.

sultanate /ˈsʌltənət/ n
dewlet
A sovereign or vassal princely state—usually Muslim—where the ruler is styled sultan.

sultry /ˈsəl-/ /ˈsʌltɹi/ adj
germ
(figuratively) Sexually enthralling.

sum /sʌm/ n
yekûn
A quantity obtained by addition or aggregation.

summary /ˈsʌməɹi/ adj
kin
Concise, brief or presented in a condensed form

summer /ˈsʌmə(ɹ)/ /ˈsʌmɚ/ n
havîn هاوين
One of four seasons, traditionally the second, marked by the longest and typically hottest days of the year due to the inclination of the Earth and thermal lag. Typically regarded as being from June 21 to September 22 or 23 in parts of the USA, the months of June, July and August in the United Kingdom and the months of December, January and February in the Southern Hemisphere.

summertime n
havînê
The period or season of summer.

summery /ˈsʌməɹi/ adj
هاوين
Relating to the summer.

summit /ˈsʌmət/ /ˈsʌmɪt/ n
سه‌رشاخ
The highest point of a hill, mountain, or similar geographical feature.

sun /sʌn/ n
roj tav
(astronomy) A star, especially when seen as the centre of any single solar system.
The light and warmth which is received from the sun; sunshine or sunlight.
(figurative) Something like the sun in brightness or splendor.

sun /sʌn/ pn
roj tav
The star that the Earth revolves around and from which it receives light and warmth.

sun gear n
roj
The central gear wheel of an epicyclic gear train; the central gear in planetary gear box, which spins the planet gears

sunbath n
xwe dan tavê
A period spent tanning (sunbathing) in the sun.

sunflower /ˈsʌn.flaʊ.ə/ /ˈsʌn.flaʊ.ɚ/ n
berberoj
A bright yellow, like that of the flower petals.

sunflower oil n
rûnê gulberojê
A vegetable oil, pressed from sunflower seeds, and used in cooking.

sunglasses n
berçavka rojê
Tinted glasses worn to protect the eyes from the sun.

sunlight /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ n
ronahî
(figuratively) Brightness, hope; a positive outlook.

sunrise /ˈsʌnɹaɪz/ n
rojhilatin
The time of day when the sun appears above the eastern horizon.
The change in color of the sky at dawn.

sunset /ˈsʌnˌsɛt/ n
hingorî
(figuratively) The final period of the life of a person or thing.

sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n
tav
The direct rays, light or warmth of the sun.
roj
A location on which the sun's rays fall.
şabûnî
(figurative) Geniality or cheerfulness.
A source of cheerfulness or joy.

supercharge v
kirin

superior /suːˈpɪə.ɹi.ə/ /sə-/ /sʉːˈpɪə.ɹiː.ə/ /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/ adj
bilindek
Higher in rank, status, or quality.
jorîn
Located above or out; higher in position.

superior /suːˈpɪə.ɹi.ə/ /sə-/ /sʉːˈpɪə.ɹiː.ə/ /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/ n
jorîn
A person of higher rank or quality, especially a colleague in a higher position.

superiority /sʊuˌpɪə(ɹ).iˈɒ.ɹɪ.ti/ n
berterî
The state of being superior.

supper /ˈsʌpə/ /ˈsʌpɚ/ n
[[به‌ربانگ]]
Food consumed before going to bed.
Any meal eaten in the evening; dinner eaten in the evening, rather than at noon.

supper /ˈsʌpə/ /ˈsʌpɚ/ v
şîv
(intransitive) To eat dinner.

supplication /sʌplɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
dua
An act of supplicating; a humble request.
A prayer or entreaty to a god.

supply /səˈplaɪ/ n
amûr
(in the plural) Provisions.

support /səˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /səˈpoət/ /səˈpɔɹt/ /səˈpɔːt/ [səˈpʰoɹt] [səˈpʰɔɹt] [səˈpʰɔːt] n
alîkarî
(sometimes, attributive) Something which supports.
Financial or other help.
Answers to questions and resolution of problems regarding something sold.

support /səˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /səˈpoət/ /səˈpɔɹt/ /səˈpɔːt/ [səˈpʰoɹt] [səˈpʰɔɹt] [səˈpʰɔːt] v
bûn alîkar
(transitive) To help keep from falling.
(transitive) To help, particularly financially; to subsidize.

suppress /səˈpɹɛs/ v
zift kirin
(obsolete) To hold in place, to keep low.

supremacy /suˈpɹɛməsi/ n
berterî
The quality of being supreme.

supreme /səˈpɹim/ /ˌs(j)uːˈpɹiːm/ /ˌs(j)əˈpɹiːm/ /ˌs(j)ʊˈpɹiːm/ /ˌsuˈpɹim/ adj
berz
Dominant, having power over all others.

sura n
sûre
Any of the 114 chapters of the Quran.

surety /ˈʃɔːɹɪti/ /ˈʃʊəɹəti/ /ˈʃʊəɹɪti/ /ˈʃʊɹəti/ n
derhûd
(legal) One who undertakes to pay money or perform other acts in the event that his principal fails therein.

surfeit /ˈsɜː.fɪt/ /ˈsɝː.fɪt/ n
feyîz
(countable) An excessive amount of something.

surgeon /ˈsɜːd͡ʒən/ /ˈsɝd͡ʒən/ n
birînsaz
One who performs surgery; a doctor who performs operations on people or animals.

surgery /ˈsɜːd͡ʒəɹi/ /ˈsɝd͡ʒəɹi/ n
emeliyat
(medicine, usually, _, uncountable) A procedure involving major incisions to remove, repair, or replace a part of a body.

surname /ˈsɜːˌneɪm/ /ˈsɝˌneɪm/ n
paşnav
The portion of a person's name that is generally hereditary or treated as an indicator of a person's family, which may be shared with other members of the family, or otherwise derived from their names in some fashion; distinguished from that person's given name(s).

surplus /ˈsɜːpləs/ /ˈsɝpləs/ /ˈsɝˌplʌs/ n
bermayî
That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus.

surprise /səˈpɹaɪz/ /sɚˈpɹaɪz/ v
aşiftandin
(transitive) To cause (someone) to feel unusually alarmed or delighted by something unexpected.
(transitive) To do something to (a person) that they are not expecting, as a surprise.

surprising /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋ/ /sɚˈpɹaɪzɪŋ/ adj
balkêş
Causing surprise.

surrealism /səˈɹiː(.ə)l.ɪz.əm/ n
surrealîzm
An artistic movement and an aesthetic philosophy that aims for the liberation of the mind by emphasizing the critical and imaginative powers of the subconscious.

surrender /səˈɹɛndə(ɹ)/ /səˈɹɛndɚ/ v
vegerandin
(intransitive, or, reflexive) To give oneself up into the power of another, especially as a prisoner; to submit or give in.

surroundings /səˈɹaʊndɪŋz/ n
derdor
The area surrounding someone or something, together with the objects and circumstances in the vicinity; the environment or ambiance.

survey /səˈveɪ/ /sɚˈveɪ/ /sɜːˈveɪ/ /ˈsɜːveɪ/ /ˈsɝˌveɪ/ n
lêkolîn
A particular view; an examination, especially an official examination, of a particular group of items, in order to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality.

suspect /səˈspɛkt/ /ˈsʌs.pɛkt/ v
gumanbarbûn şik birin ser#Kurdi yekî
(transitive) To imagine or suppose (something) to be true, or to exist, without proof.
(transitive) To distrust or have doubts about (something or someone).
(transitive) To believe (someone) to be guilty.
(intransitive) To have suspicion.

suspend /səsˈpɛnd/ v
daliqandin
To hang freely; underhang.

suspense /səˈspɛns/ n
endîşe
The unpleasant emotion of anxiety or apprehension in an uncertain situation.
(legal) A temporary cessation of one's right; suspension, as when the rent or other profits of land cease by unity of possession of land and rent.

suspenseful adj
biheyecan
Inducing suspense.

suspension bridge n
pira hilawistî
A bridge whose deck or roadway is suspended from cables.

suspicion /səˈspɪʃ.ən/ n
guman
The act of suspecting something or someone, especially of something wrong.
Uncertainty, doubt.

suture /ˈs(j)uː.tjʊə/ /ˈs(j)uː.tʃə/ /ˈsu.t͡ʃɚ/ n
په‌ت
Thread used to sew or stitch two edges (especially of skin) together.

swag /swæɡ/ v
girêk
(Australia, ambitransitive) To travel on foot carrying a swag (possessions tied in a blanket). [From 1850s.]

swagger /ˈswæɡ.ə/ /ˈswæɡ.ɚ/ n
fiyaqe
A bold or arrogant strut.
çalım
A prideful boasting or bragging.

swagger /ˈswæɡ.ə/ /ˈswæɡ.ɚ/ v
forsa xwe kirin
To behave (especially to walk or carry oneself) in a pompous, superior manner.

swallow /ˈswɑ.loʊ/ /ˈswɒ.ləʊ/ [ˈswɑ.wɜʊ̯] [ˈswɑ.ɫoʊ̯] n
dûvmeqesk
A small, migratory bird of the Hirundinidae family with long, pointed, moon-shaped wings and a forked tail which feeds on the wing by catching insects.
qurt
The amount swallowed in one gulp; the act of swallowing.

swallow /ˈswɑ.loʊ/ /ˈswɒ.ləʊ/ [ˈswɑ.wɜʊ̯] [ˈswɑ.ɫoʊ̯] v
daqurtandin
(transitive) To cause (food, drink etc.) to pass from the mouth into the stomach; to take into the stomach through the throat. [from 11th c.]
dabilandin
(transitive) To take (something) in so that it disappears; to consume, absorb. [from 13th c.]
(intransitive) To take food down into the stomach; to make the muscular contractions of the oesophagus to achieve this, often taken as a sign of nervousness or strong emotion. [from 18th c.]
bawer bûn
(transitive) To accept easily or without questions; to believe, accept. [from 16th c.]

swamp /swɑmp/ /swɒmp/ n
avzê
A piece of wet, spongy land; low ground saturated with water; soft, wet ground which may have a growth of certain kinds of trees, but is unfit for agricultural or pastoral purposes.

swan /swɑn/ /swɒn/ n
qazquling
Any of various species of large, long-necked waterfowl, of genus Cygnus (bird family: Anatidae), most of which have white plumage.

swanky /ˈswæŋki/ adj
dersxane
(informal) Rather posh, elegant, ritzy.

swap in v
anîn

swarm /swɔɹm/ /swɔːm/ n
ewr
A large number of insects, especially when in motion or (for bees) migrating to a new colony.

swear /swɛə/ /swɛɚ/ v
sond xwarin
(transitive) To take an oath that an assertion is true.

swear word n
qesem

sweeping /ˈswiːpɪŋ/ adj
fire
Wide, broad, affecting or touching upon many things.

sweet /swit/ /swiːt/ adj
şîrîn
(wine) Retaining a portion of sugar.
Not of a salty taste.
Of a pleasant sound.
Of a pleasing disposition.

sweetheart /ˈswitˌhɑɹt/ /ˈswiːtˌhɑːt/ [ˈswiˌɾ(ʱ)ɑɹt̠̚] n
bihagiran
A person very much liked or loved by someone, especially when both partners are young.

sweetmeat /ˈswiːtmiːt/ n
şîrîn
A sweet delicacy; a confection.

sweets n
نوقڵ
Confectionery, candy.

swell /swɛl/ v
perçivandin
(intransitive) To become bigger, especially due to being engorged.
(transitive) To raise to arrogance; to puff up; to inflate.

swelter /ˈswɛl.tə/ /ˈswɛl.tɚ/ n
germepêl
Intense heat.

swelter /ˈswɛl.tə/ /ˈswɛl.tɚ/ v
fetisandin
(intransitive) To suffer terribly from intense heat.

swift /swɪft/ adj
lezgîn
Fast; quick; rapid.

swift /swɪft/ n
vîzvîzik
A small plain-colored bird of the family Apodidae that resembles a swallow and is noted for its rapid flight.

swim /swɪm/ v
soberîkirin
(intransitive) To move through the water, without touching the bottom; to propel oneself in water by natural means.

swim lane n
جادھ
A lengthwise division of a swimming pool or other swimming arena.

swimming pool /ˈswɪmɪŋ ˌpuːl/ n
birka
A pool of water used for swimming, usually one which has been artificially constructed.

swindle /ˈswɪnd(ə)l/ v
firîwandin
(transitive) To defraud.
(ambitransitive) To obtain (money or property) by fraudulent or deceitful methods.

swine /swaɪn/ n
beraz
(pejorative) A contemptible person (plural swines).

swish /swɪʃ/ adj
nerm
(British, colloquial) sophisticated; fashionable; smooth.

switch /swɪt͡ʃ/ n
debriyaj
A device to turn electric current on and off or direct its flow.
(computing, networking) A networking device connecting multiple wires, allowing them to communicate simultaneously, when possible. Compare to the less efficient hub device that solely duplicates network packets to each wire.
derzî
(rail transport, US, Philippines) A movable section of railroad track which allows the train to be directed down one of two destination tracks; (set of) points.

switch /swɪt͡ʃ/ v
guherîn
(transitive) To change (something) to the specified state using a switch.
(intransitive) To change places, tasks, etc.

switch off v
reş kirin
(transitive) To turn a switch to the "off" position in order to stop or disable a device.

switch on v
vekirin
(transitive) To turn a switch to the "on" position in order to start or enable a device.

sword /so(ː)ɹd/ /soəd/ /swɔːrd/ [soːd] [soːɹd] [sɔɹd] [sɔːd] n
şûr
(weaponry) A long bladed weapon with a grip and typically a pommel and crossguard (together forming a hilt), which is designed to cut, stab, slash and/or hack.

swot /swɑt/ /swɒt/ /swɔt/ v
ezber kirin
(intransitive, slang, British) To study with effort or determination (object of study indicated by "up on").

syllabification /sɪˌlæbɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
hecekirin
The division of a word into syllables.

syllable /ˈsɪl.ə.bəl/ [ˈsɪl.ə.bɫ̩] n
hece
(linguistics) A unit of human speech which often forms words corresponding to one opening of the mouth; a vowel and its surrounding consonants.

syllabus /ˈsɪləbəs/ n
bername
(education) A summary of topics which will be covered during an academic course, or a text or lecture.
(law) The headnote of a reported case; the brief statement of the points of law determined prefixed to a reported case.

symbol /ˈsɪmbəl/ n
dawer
A character or glyph representing an idea, concept or object.

symbolism /ˈsɪmbəˌlɪzəm/ n
hêmayetî
Representation of a concept through symbols or underlying meanings of objects or qualities. [from between 1645 and 1655.]

sympathy /ˈsɪm.pəθ.i/ n
empatî
The ability to share the feelings of another.

symptom /ˈsɪm(p)təm/ n
nîşan
(medicine) A perceived change in some function, sensation or appearance of a person that indicates a disease or disorder, such as fever, headache or rash; strictly, a symptom is felt or experienced by the patient, while a sign can be detected by an observer.

synagogue /ˈsɪ.nəˌɡɑɡ/ /ˈsɪ.nəˌɡɒɡ/ n
kinîşt
A place of worship for Jews or Samaritans.
kenîsa jahodya
A congregation of Jews or Samaritans for the purpose of worship or religious study.

synonym /ˈsɪn.əˌnɪm/ n
hemmane
hevmane
(semantics, loosely) A word or phrase with a meaning that is the same as, or very similar to, another word or phrase.
(databases) An alternative (often shorter) name defined for an object in a database.

synonymous /sɪˈnɑnɪməs/ /sɪˈnɒnɪməs/ adj
hevmane
(construed with with, broader sense) Having a similar meaning.
(construed with with) Of, or being a synonym.

syntax /ˈsɪn.tæks/ n
rêziman
(computing, countable) The formal rules of formulating the statements of a computer language.
(linguistics) The study of the structure of phrases, sentences, and language.

syphilis /ˈsɪfɪlɪs/ n
agire
(disease) A disease spread via sexual activity, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.

syringe /səˈɹɪnd͡ʒ/ /sɪˈɹɪn(d)ʒ/ /ˈsɪɹɪn(d)ʒ/ /ˈsɪɹɪnd͡ʒ/ n
hirmê
A device consisting of a hypodermic needle, a chamber for containing liquids, and a piston for applying pressure (to inject) or reducing pressure (to draw); a hypodermic syringe.

system /ˈsɪstəm/ n
koendam
A group or set of related things that operate together as a complex whole. [from early 17th c.]

tabernacle /ˈtæbənækl̩/ /ˈtæbɚnækl̩/ n
په‌رستگا
(by extension) The Jewish Temple at Jerusalem (as continuing the functions of the earlier tabernacle).
(by extension) Any house of worship, especially a Mormon meetinghouse.

table /ˈteɪbl̩/ n
mase mêze
An item of furniture with a flat top surface raised above the ground, usually on one or more legs.
mase
A collection of arithmetic calculations arranged in a table, such as multiplications in a multiplication table.

tablecloth n
سفره‌
A cloth used to cover and protect a table, especially for a dining table.

tablespoon /ˈteɪbəlˌspun/ /ˈteɪbəlˌspuːn/ [-bɫ̩-] n
kevçe
(Canada, US) A large spoon, used for eating food from a bowl.

tabor n
dahol
A small drum.

tacky /ˈtæki/ adj
هه‌رزان
(colloquial) Of low quality.

tad /tæd/ n
pirç
(informal) A small amount; a little bit.

tag /teɪɡ/ /tæɡ/ n
gur
(playground game, uncountable) A children's chasing game in which one player (known as "it") attempts to touch another, who then becomes "it".

tahini /tɑːˈhiː.ni/ n
tehînî
(culinary) A paste made from ground sesame seeds, and used to make hummus, baba ghanoush etc.

tail /teɪl/ n
dû
The tail-end of an object, e.g. the rear of an aircraft's fuselage, containing the tailfin.
One who surreptitiously follows another.
baterî
(chiefly, in the plural) The side of a coin not bearing the head; normally the side on which the monetary value of the coin is indicated; the reverse.

tailgate /ˈteɪlˌɡeɪt/ n
dergeh
Either of the downstream gates in a canal lock.

tails /teɪlz/ n
baterî
The side of a coin that doesn't bear the picture of the head of state or similar.

take /teɪk/ /teːk/ /tæɪk/ [tʰeɪ̯k] v
girtin
(transitive) To get into one's hands, possession, or control, with or without force.
(transitive) To have sex with.
(transitive, of a path, road, etc.) To lead (to a place); to serve as a means of reaching.
(transitive) To derive (as a title); to obtain from a source.
(transitive, of a material) To absorb or be impregnated by (dye, ink, etc.); to be susceptible to being treated by (polish, etc.).
(transitive, baseball) To decline to swing at (a pitched ball); to refrain from hitting at, and allow to pass.
(intransitive) To get or accept (something) into one's possession.

take a break v
navber dan
To have a short rest period in one's work, studies, or other activities (This entry is a translation hub.)

take a nap v
dan birîn
(idiomatic) To sleep briefly.

take away v
standin
To remove something, either material or abstract, so that a person no longer has it.

take for v
girtin
To consider mistakenly.

take heart /ˌteɪk ˈhɑɹt/ /ˌteɪk ˈhɑːt/ interjection
mêranî

take off v
hilanîn
(transitive) To remove.

take part v
ligelbûn
(idiomatic, intransitive, with "in") To participate or join.

take place v
pêk hatin
(intransitive) To happen or to occur.

take the bait v
xwardin
(of a fish) To nibble at bait on a hook.

takeaway /ˈteɪkəweɪ/ n
nuqte
(frequently, in the plural) An idea from a talk, presentation, etc., that the listener or reader should remember and consider.

takeover n
dewr
(economics) The purchase of one company by another; a merger without the formation of a new company, especially where some stakeholders in the purchased company oppose the purchase.

takya n
bênîş

tale /ˈteɪl/ n
dîrok
A rehearsal of what has occurred; narrative; discourse; statement; history; story.

talent /ˈtalənt/ /ˈtælənt/ n
behre
A marked natural ability or skill. [from 15th c.]

talk /toːk/ /tɑk/ /tɔk/ /tɔʊ̯k/ /tɔːk/ [toːk] [tʰak] [tʰäk] [tʰɑk] n
danûstandin
(usually, in the plural) Meeting to discuss a particular matter.

talk /toːk/ /tɑk/ /tɔk/ /tɔʊ̯k/ /tɔːk/ [toːk] [tʰak] [tʰäk] [tʰɑk] v
peyivîn
(intransitive) To communicate, usually by means of speech.

tall /tɑl/ /tɔl/ /tɔːl/ [tʰoːɫ] adj
به‌رز
(of a person) Having a vertical extent greater than the average. For example, somebody with a height of over 6 feet would generally be considered to be tall.
bala
(of a building, etc.) Having its top a long way up; having a great vertical (and often greater than horizontal) extent; high.

tambour /ˈtæmbʊə(ɹ)/ n
dahol
(sport) In real tennis, a buttress-like obstruction in the main wall.

tambourine /ˌtæm.bəˈɹiːn/ n
def
A percussion instrument consisting of a small, usually wooden, hoop closed on one side with a drum frame and featuring jingling metal disks on the tread; it is most often held in the hand and shaken rhythmically; by extension, any frame drum.

tamper /ˈtæm.pə(ɹ)/ v
tevdan
(intransitive) To make unauthorized or improper alterations, sometimes causing deliberate damage; to meddle (with something).

tang /teɪŋ/ /tʰæŋ/ n
ziman
A projecting part of an object by means of which it is secured to a handle, or to some other part.
(by extension) Anything resembling a tongue in form or position, such as the tongue of a buckle.

tangerine /ˈtæn.d͡ʒəˌɹiːn/ adj
mandarîn
Of a deep yellowish-orange colour.

tangerine /ˈtæn.d͡ʒəˌɹiːn/ n
mandarîn
A deep yellowish-orange colour, like that of a tangerine fruit.

tantalum /ˈtæntələm/ n
tantal
A chemical element (symbol Ta) with atomic number 73: a rare, hard, blue-gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant.

tap /tæp/ /tɐːp/ [tʰæp] n
tepedor
A tapering cylindrical peg or pin used to close and open the hole or vent in a container.
nêr
(mechanics) A cylindrical tool used to cut an internal screw thread in a hole, with cutting edges around the lower end and an upper end to which a handle is fitted to turn the tool.
zembere
A hollow device used to control the flow of a fluid, such as an alcoholic beverage from a cask, or a gas or liquid in a pipe.

taper /ˈteɪpə/ /ˈteɪpɚ/ n
mom
A slender wax candle.

tar /tɑɹ/ /tɑː/ [tʰɑɹ] [tʰɑɻ] n
qîr
(usually, uncountable) A black, oily, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons derived from organic materials such as wood, peat, or coal.
(uncountable) A solid residual byproduct of tobacco smoke.

target /ˈtaːɡɪt/ /ˈtɑɹɡɪt/ /ˈtɑːɡɪt/ [ˈtʰɑɹɡɪt̚] n
gol
A butt or mark to shoot at, as for practice, or to test the accuracy of a firearm, or the force of a projectile.
A goal or objective.

tarragon /ˈtæɹəɡɑn/ /ˈtæɹəɡən/ /ˈtɛɹəɡɑn/ /ˈtɛɹəɡən/ n
tarxûn
A perennial herb, the wormwood species Artemisia dracunculus, from Europe and parts of Asia.

tarry /ˈteɹ.i/ /ˈtæɹ.i/ /ˈtæɹ.iː/ /ˈtɛɹ.i/ v
man
(transitive) To wait for; to stay or stop for; to allow to linger.

tart /tɑɹt/ /tɑːt/ adj
تورش
Sharp to the taste; acid; sour.

tartness n
تورش
The characteristic of being tart; sharpness of taste

task /task/ /tæsk/ /tɑːsk/ n
erk
A piece of work done as part of one’s duties.

tassel /ˈtæsəl/ n
gufik
A ball-shaped bunch of plaited or otherwise entangled threads from which at one end protrudes a cord on which the ball is hung, and which may have loose, dangling threads at the other end (often used as decoration along the bottom of garments, curtains or other hangings).

taste /teɪst/ n
çêj
One of the sensations produced by the tongue in response to certain chemicals; the quality of giving this sensation.

tasteless /ˈteɪstləs/ adj
bêtam
Having no flavour; bland; insipid.

tattletale n
qemsî
One who gossips, often for the sake of attention.

tattoo /tæˈtuː/ /təˈtuː/ [tʰaˈtʰuː] [tʰæˈtʰuː] [tʰæˈɾuː] n
deq
An image made in the skin with ink and a needle.

tax /tæks/ n
bac
Money paid to the government other than for transaction-specific goods and services.

taxation /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/ n
bac
A particular system of taxing people or companies

taxonomy /tækˈsɑn.ə.mi/ /tækˈsɒn.ə.mi/ n
taksonomî
A classification; especially, a classification in a hierarchical system.
(taxonomy, uncountable) The science of finding, describing, classifying and naming organisms.

tea /ti/ /tiː/ [tʰi] [tʰiː] n
çay
(uncountable) The dried leaves or buds of the tea plant; (countable) a variety of such leaves.
(uncountable) Any similar drink made by infusing parts of various other plants.
(countable, Commonwealth, northern, _, US) A cup or (East Asia, Southern, _, US) glass of any of these drinks, often with milk, sugar, lemon, and/or tapioca pearls.

tea party n
çay
A semi-formal afternoon social gathering at which tea, sandwiches and cakes are served.

tea plant n
ça
The bush Camellia sinensis, the leaves of which are picked, dried and used to make the beverage tea.

teach /tiːt͡ʃ/ v
fêr kirin
(ditransitive) To pass on knowledge to.
(intransitive, stative) To pass on knowledge generally, especially as one's profession; to act as a teacher.

teacher /ˈtit͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtiːt͡ʃə/ n
mamoste
A person who teaches, especially one employed in a school.

teacup /ˈtiː.kʌp/ n
fincan
A small cup, usually with a handle, commonly used for drinking tea; normally sits in a saucer as part of a tea set.

teakettle n
[[چاپه‌ز]]
(dated, _, outside, _, US) A vessel used to boil water for tea or other hot beverages.

teapot n
qûre
A vessel for brewing and serving tea.

tear /teə/ /tɪə/ /tɪəɹ/ n
hêsir
A drop of clear, salty liquid produced from the eyes by crying or irritation.

tear /teə/ /tɛə/ /tɛəɹ/ v
şkandin
(transitive) To rend (a solid material) by holding or restraining in two places and pulling apart, whether intentionally or not; to destroy or separate.
jêkirin
(transitive, often, with off, or, out) To remove by tearing, or with sudden great force.

teardrop /ˈtɪədɹɒp/ n
dilop
a single tear (clear, salty liquid secreted by the eye).

tearful /ˈtɪə(ɹ)fəl/ /ˈtɪə(ɹ)fʊl/ /ˈtɪɹfəl/ /ˈtɪɹfʊl/ adj
pîr
Accompanied by tears; crying, or about to cry.
giriyokî
Sorrowful.

tease /tiːz/ v
şe kirin
(transitive) To backcomb.
(transitive) To provoke or disturb; to annoy.

teat /tiːt/ n
sermemik
(anatomy) The projection of a mammary gland from which, on female mammals, milk is secreted.

technetium /-ʃəm/ /tɛkˈni.ʃi.əm/ n
teknesyûm
A metallic chemical element (symbol Tc) with an atomic number of 43.

tedium /ˈtiː.di.əm/ n
acizî
Boredom or tediousness; ennui.

tee /ˈtiː/ n
ça
The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.

teenager /ˈtiːnˌeɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ n
bedew
A person between 13 and 19 years old.

telecast /ˈtɛlɪkæst/ /ˈtɛlɪkɑːst/ v
şandin
(intransitive) To broadcast a television program.

telephone /ˈ tɛl.əˌfoʊn/ /ˈ tɛl.əˌfəʊn/ /ˈ tɛl.ɪˌfəʊn/ n
telefon bihîstok
(countable) A telecommunication device (originally mechanical, and now electronic) used for two-way talking with another person (now often shortened to phone).

telescope /ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/ /ˈtɛl.ɪ.skəʊp/ n
xwedîferaset
A monocular optical instrument that magnifies distant objects, especially in astronomy.

television /ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən/ /ˈtɛlɪˌvɪʒən/ /ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən/ /ˌtɛlɪˈvɪʒən/ n
televîzyon
(countable) An electronic home entertainment device equipped with a screen and a speaker for receiving television signals and displaying them in audio-visual form.
(uncountable) Collectively, the programs broadcast via the medium of television.

tell /tɛl/ [tʰɛl] [tʰɛɫ] v
gotin
(transitive) To order; to direct, to say to someone.
(transitive, or, intransitive) To discern, notice, identify or distinguish.

teller /ˈtɛlə/ /ˈtɛləɹ/ n
vebêj
A person who tells stories.

temperature /ˈtɛm.pə.t͡ʃə/ /ˈtɛm.pə.ɹə.t͡ʃə/ /ˈtɛm.pəɹ.əˌt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɛm.pəɹˌt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɛm.pɹə.t͡ʃə/ /ˈtɛm.pɹəˌt͡ʃɚ/ [ˈtʰɛm.pʰəɹˌt͡ʃɚ] [ˈtʰɛm.pʰɹəˌt͡ʃɚ] n
germapîv
A measure of cold or heat, often measurable with a thermometer.
agir
An elevated body temperature, as present in fever and many illnesses.

temple /ˈtɛmp(ə)l/ n
peristgeh
A house of worship, especially:

temporal /ˈtɛm.pə.ɹəl/ adj
madî
(relational) Of or relating to the material world, as opposed to sacred or clerical.

tempt /tɛmpt/ /tɛmt/ v
ji rê derxistin
(transitive) To provoke someone to do wrong, especially by promising a reward; to entice.

ten /tɛn/ /tɪn/ [tʰɛn] n
deh

ten /tɛn/ /tɪn/ [tʰɛn] numeral
deh
The number occurring after nine and before eleven, represented in Arabic numerals (base ten) as 10 and in Roman numerals as X.

ten a penny adj
ne hêja ye pênc qirûşan
(idiomatic, UK) So common as to be practically worthless.

tenacious /təˈneɪʃəs/ adj
eynat
Unwilling to yield or give up; dogged.

tenant /ˈtɛ.nənt/ n
xwedan
(chiefly, historic) One who holds a feudal tenure in real property.
(property law, by extension) One who owns real estate other than via allodial title.

tendency /ˈtɛn.dən.si/ n
ڕه‌وه‌ت
A likelihood of behaving in a particular way or going in a particular direction; a tending toward.

tender /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈtɛn.də/ /ˈtɛn.dɚ/ adj
bexşende
Fond, loving, gentle, or sweet.

tendon /ˈtɛn.dən/ n
jê
(anatomy) A tough band of flexible but inelastic fibrous collagen tissue that connects a muscle with its bony attachment and transmits the force which the muscle exerts.

tenebrous /ˈtɛn.ə.bɹəs/ /ˈtɛn.ɪ.bɹəs/ adj
تاریک
(literary, also, figurative) Dark and gloomy; obscure. [from 15th c.]

tenet /ˈtɛnət/ /ˈtɛnɪt/ n
bawer
An opinion, belief, or principle that is held as absolute truth by someone or especially an organization.

tense /tɛns/ n
dem
(grammar, countable) Any of the forms of a verb which distinguish when an action or state of being occurs or exists.

tent /tɛnt/ /tɪnt/ n
kon
A pavilion or portable lodge consisting of skins, canvas, or some strong cloth, stretched and sustained by poles, used for sheltering people from the weather.

tenth /tɛnθ/ /tɪnθ/ [tʰɛn̪θ] adj
dehem
Being one of ten equal parts of a whole.

tenth /tɛnθ/ /tɪnθ/ [tʰɛn̪θ] n
dehem
The person or thing coming next after the ninth in a series; that which is in the tenth position.

tepid /ˈtɛpɪd/ adj
شلتێن
Lukewarm; neither warm nor cool.

term /tɜːm/ /tɝm/ n
bêje
A word or phrase (e.g., noun phrase, verb phrase, open compound), especially one from a specialised area of knowledge; a name for a concept.
ling
Relations among people.

terminal /ˈtɚmɪnəl/ n
[[ئێستگه‌]]
A rail station where service begins and ends; the end of the line. For example: Grand Central Terminal in New York City.

terminate /ˈtɜːmɪneɪt/ /ˈtɝmɪneɪt/ v
kuştin

termination /tɚmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
pirtika çivanê
(grammar) The last part of a word.
zarokjiberbirin
(medical) An induced abortion.

terrace /ˈtɛɹəs/ n
rîz
A row of residential houses with no gaps between them; a group of row houses.

terrify /ˈtɛɹɪfaɪ/ v
dehişandin
To frighten greatly; to fill with terror.

terrorism /ˈtɛɹəɹɪzəm/ n
terorîzm
(historical) The system of fear and intimidation put into place during the Reign of Terror in Revolutionary France around 1793-94.

terse /tɜːs/ /tɝːs/ adj
kin
(by extension) Of manner or speech: abruptly or brusquely short; curt.

test /tɛst/ [tʰest] [tʰɛst] n
ezmûn
(academia) An examination, given often during the academic term.

testament /ˈtes.tə.mənt/ /ˈtɛs.tə.mənt/ n
wesyet
(law) A solemn, authentic instrument in writing, by which a person declares his or her will as to disposal of his or her inheritance (estate and effects) after his or her death, benefiting specified heir(s).

testicle /ˈtɛstɪkəl/ n
gun
A testis: the male sex and endocrine gland, found in some types of animals, that produces sperm and male sex hormones, including the steroid testosterone.

tetanus /ˈtɛt.nəs/ /ˈtɛt.ən.əs/ n
derdê kopan
(pathology, countable) A serious and often fatal disease caused by the infection of an open wound with the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani, found in soil and the intestines and faeces of animals.

text /tɛkst/ n
nivîsar
A book, tome or other set of writings.
(colloquial) A brief written message transmitted between mobile phones.
A verse or passage of Scripture, especially one chosen as the subject of a sermon, or in proof of a doctrine.

text /tɛkst/ v
nivîsîn
(transitive) To send a text message to; i.e. to transmit text using the Short Message Service (SMS), or a similar service, between communications devices, particularly mobile phones.

text message n
XPK
A brief electronic message sent between mobile phones.

textbook /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ adj
dibistan
Of or pertaining to textbooks or their style, especially in being dry and pedagogical; textbooky, textbooklike.
Having the typical characteristics of some class of phenomenon, so that it might be included as an example in a textbook.

textile /ˈtɛks.taɪl/ n
tevînek
(usually, in the plural) Any material made of interlacing fibres, including carpeting and geotextiles.
(naturism) A non-nudist.

thalamus /ˈθæləməs/ n
talamûs
(neuroanatomy) Either of two large, ovoid structures of grey matter within the forebrain that relay sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex.

thallium /ˈθæliəm/ n
talyûm
A metallic chemical element (symbol Tl) with atomic number 81: a gray post-transition metal that discolors when exposed to air.

than /ðæn/ /ðən/ /ðɛn/ [ðn̩] preposition
ji
introduces a comparison, and is associated with comparatives, and with words such as more, less, and fewer. Typically, it seeks to measure the force of an adjective or similar description between two predicates.

thank /ðæŋk/ /θæŋk/ [t̪eɪ̯ŋk] [ðeɪ̯ŋk] [θeɪ̯ŋk] v
ته‌قدیر
(transitive) To express gratitude or appreciation toward.

thank you /ˈðæŋk ˌju/ /ˈθæŋk ˌju/ [ˈt̪eɪ̯ŋk ˌju] [ˈðeɪ̯ŋk ˌju] [ˈθeɪ̯ŋk ˌju] interjection
سوپاس
An expression of gratitude or politeness in response to something done or given. [from c. 1400]

thankful /ðæŋkfəl/ /ˈθæŋkfəl/ adj
ته‌قدیر
(obsolete) Obtaining or deserving thanks; thankworthy.

thanks /t̪ʰaŋks/ /ðæŋks/ /θæŋks/ interjection
spas
Used to express appreciation or gratitude.

thanks /t̪ʰaŋks/ /ðæŋks/ /θæŋks/ n
spas
(obsolete)

thanks to preposition
spas
Because of; normally used with a positive connotation, though it can be used sarcastically.

that /ðət/ /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈd̪æʈ/ /ˈd̪ɛt/ /ˈd̪ʱæʈ/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðɛt/ adv
ku
(degree) To a given extent or degree.

that /ðət/ /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈd̪æʈ/ /ˈd̪ɛt/ /ˈd̪ʱæʈ/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðɛt/ conjunction
ku
Introducing a clause that describes the information content of a preceding reporting noun.

that /ðət/ /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈd̪æʈ/ /ˈd̪ɛt/ /ˈd̪ʱæʈ/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðɛt/ pronoun
ku
(relative, plural that) In a relative clause, referring to a previously mentioned noun, as subject, direct object, indirect object, or object of a preposition; which, who. [from 9thc.]

that's it phraseologicalUnit
aştî
that's all (there is nothing more to the issue)

the end /ði ɛnd/ /ðiː ɛnd/ phraseologicalUnit
barik
Used traditionally at the end of a story or film.

the fuck phraseologicalUnit
gan
(vulgar, slang) Used with an interrogative pronoun as an intensifier to express anger, frustration, incredulity, or other strong emotion.
(vulgar, slang) Used after verbs forming a part of a phrasal verb as an intensifier to imply aggressive emphasis.

theater /ˈθi(ə)tɚ/ /ˈθi.eɪ.tɚ/ /ˈθiətə/ /ˈθiː.ə.tə/ /ˈθɪə.tə/ /ˈθɪə.tɚ/ /θiˈeɪ.tə/ /θiˈɛt.ə/ [ˈθiə̯tɜ] [ˈθiə̯ɾɜ] n
tiyatro
A place or building, consisting of a stage and seating, in which an audience gathers to watch plays, musical performances, public ceremonies, and so on.
dik
Drama or performance as a profession or art form.

theft /θɛft/ n
dizî
The act of stealing property.

theme /θiːm/ n
tema
A subject, now especially of a talk or an artistic piece; a topic.
A recurring idea; a motif.
Any of various colors, or color palettes, in which a design is offered; (GUI) any of various skins for an app, affecting the visuals and perhaps other elements such as sound effects.
(music) The main melody of a piece of music, especially one that is the source of variations.
(film, television) A song, or a snippet of a song, that identifies a film, a TV program, a character, etc. by playing at the appropriate time.

themselves /ðəmˈsɛlvz/ /ðɛmˈsɛlvz/ pronoun
hev
(reflexive pronoun) The reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun. The group of people, animals, or objects previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis).
(reflexive pronoun) The reflexive case of they, the third-person singular personal pronoun. The single person previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis).

then /ðen/ /ðɛn/ adv
hingê
(temporal location) At that time.
(temporal location) Soon afterward.
(conjunctive) In that case.
jê pê ve
(sequence) Next in order of place.

theobromine n
teobromîn
(organic compound) An alkaloid, of similar structure to caffeine, found in chocolate/cocoa.

theocracy /θiːˈɒkɹəsi/ n
teokrasî
Government under the control of a state religion.

theologian /θi.əˈloʊd͡ʒən/ n
teolog
One who studies theology.

theology /θi.ˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/ n
olzanî teolojî
(uncountable) The study of God, a god, or gods; and of the truthfulness of religion in general. [from mid-14th c.]

theory /ˈθi.ə.ɹi/ /ˈθiː.ə.ɹi/ /ˈθɪə.ɹi/ /ˈθɪɚ.i/ /ˈθɪɹ.i/ n
bîrdozî
A description of an event or system that is considered to be accurate.
(sciences) A coherent statement or set of ideas that explains observed facts or phenomena and correctly predicts new facts or phenomena not previously observed, or which sets out the laws and principles of something known or observed; a hypothesis confirmed by observation, experiment etc. [from 17th c.]
(mathematics) A field of study attempting to exhaustively describe a particular class of constructs. [from 18th c.]
(countable, logic) A set of axioms together with all statements derivable from them; or, a set of statements which are deductively closed. Equivalently, a formal language plus a set of axioms (from which can then be derived theorems). The statements may be required to all be bound (i.e., to have no free variables).

therapist /ˈθɛɹəpɪst/ n
bijişk
Someone who provides therapy, usually professionally.

there /ðeː(ɹ)/ /ðə(ɹ)/ /ðɚ/ /ðɛə(ɹ)/ /ðɛɚ/ /ðɛɹ/ adv
vir
(figuratively) In that matter, relation, etc.; at that point, stage, etc., regarded as a distinct place.
xwarin
In this world, used to say that someone or something exists; see pronoun section below.

there are phraseologicalUnit
xwarin
. see also there is.

there be v
bûn
The specified thing exists, physically or abstractly.

there is v
xwarin
. Used to indicate the existence of something physical or abstract. See also there are.

thermal /ˈθɝməl/ adj
termal
Pertaining to heat or temperature.
germahî
(fabric) Providing efficient insulation so as to keep the body warm.

thermodynamics /-dɪ-/ /-mə-/ /-məʊ-/ /ˌθɜː(ɹ)moʊdaɪˈnæmɪks/ n
termodînamîk
(physics) The science of the conversions between heat and other forms of energy.

thermosphere n
germasipêr
The layer of the Earth's atmosphere directly above the mesosphere and directly below the exosphere.

thermostat /ˈθɝmoʊstæt/ /ˈθɝməstæt/ n
termostat
A device that automatically responds to changes in temperature by activating a heating or cooling system to maintain the temperature at a desired setting.

thick /θɘk/ /θɪk/ adj
qalind
Relatively great in extent from one surface to the opposite in its smallest solid dimension.
biteql
Having a viscous consistency.
dijwar
(informal) Stupid.

thicken /ˈθɪkən/ v
qalind bûn
(intransitive) To become thicker (in the sense of wider).

thickness /ˈθɪknəs/ n
xestî
(uncountable) The quality of being thick (in consistency).

thief /θif/ /θiːf/ n
diz
One who carries out a theft.

thigh /θaɪ/ n
king
The upper leg of a human, between the hip and the knee. [from 8th c.]

thighbone n
hestiyê ran
(skeleton) The bone that extends from the pelvis to the knee in humans; the femur.

thimble /ˈθɪmb(ə)l/ n
guzvan
(sewing) A pitted, now usually metal, cup-shaped cap worn on the tip of a finger, which is used in sewing to push the needle through material.

thin /fɪn/ /θɪn/ adj
giran
Having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite.
Having little body fat or flesh; slim; slender; lean; gaunt.

thine /ðaɪn/ determiner
te
(archaic) Singular second person prevocalic possessive determiner (preconsonantal form: thy).

thing /θɪŋ/ n
ewk
That which is considered to exist as a separate entity, object, quality or concept.
(slang) A penis.
ajel
A living being or creature.

think /θɪŋk/ [fɪŋk] [θæŋk] [θɪŋk] v
fikirîn
(intransitive) To communicate to oneself in one's mind, to try to find a solution to a problem.
(transitive) To be of opinion (that); to consider, judge, regard, or look upon (something) as.
(transitive) To guess; to reckon.

think tank n
ramanxane
(idiomatic) A group of people who collectively perform research and develop reports and recommendations on topics relating to strategic planning or public policy, and which is usually funded by corporate, government, or special interests.

third /tʰʊːɹd/ /t̪ɔɪd/ /θɜːd/ /θɝd/ adj
sisêyan
The ordinal form of the cardinal number three; Coming after the second.

third /tʰʊːɹd/ /t̪ɔɪd/ /θɜːd/ /θɝd/ n
sisêyan
The person or thing in the third position.

thirst /θɜːst/ /θɝst/ n
تینو
A sensation of dryness in the throat associated with a craving for liquids, produced by deprivation of drink, or by some other cause (such as fear, excitement, etc.) which stops the secretion of the pharyngeal mucous membrane.
(figuratively) Sexual lust.

thirsty /ˈθɜːs.ti/ /ˈθɝs.ti/ adj
tî
(informal, uncommon) Causing thirst; giving one a need to drink.

thirteen /ˈθɜː.tiːn/ /ˈθɝ.tin/ /ˈθɝt.tin/ /ˌθɜːˈtiːn/ /ˌθɝtin/ /ˌθɝtˈtin/ numeral
sêzdeh sêzde
The cardinal number occurring after twelve and before fourteen, represented in Roman numerals as XIII and in Arabic numerals as 13.

thirtieth /ˈθɜːti.əθ/ /ˈθɝti.əθ/ adj
sîhî
The ordinal form of the number thirty.

thirtieth /ˈθɜːti.əθ/ /ˈθɝti.əθ/ n
sîhî
The person or thing in the thirtieth position.
One of thirty equal parts of a whole.

thirty /ˈθɜːti/ /ˈθɝti/ [ˈθɝɾi] numeral
sî
The cardinal number occurring after twenty-nine and before thirty-one, represented in Arabic numerals as 30.

thirty-one numeral
sî û yek
The cardinal number immediately following thirty and before thirty-two; thirty plus one.

this /ðəs/ /ðɪs/ determiner
ئه‌م
The (thing) here (used in indicating something or someone nearby).

this /ðəs/ /ðɪs/ pronoun
ئه‌م
The thing, item, etc. being indicated.

this evening adv
ئه‌م شه‌و
During the evening of today.

this time n
ji alî
On or near the same date (in the past or in the future).

thorium /ˈθɔːɹiəm/ n
toryûm
A chemical element (symbol Th) with atomic number 90: a weakly radioactive, malleable, moderately hard silvery metal that tarnishes black when exposed to air.

thorn /θoɹn/ /θɔːn/ /θɔːɹn/ [θo̞ɹn] n
strî
(botany) A sharp protective spine of a plant.

thoroughly /ˈθɜɹ.ə.li/ /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/ adv
به‌ ته‌واوی
In a thorough or complete manner.

thorp /θɔɹp/ /θɔːp/ n
gund
(archaic, now, chiefly, _, in, _, placenames) A group of houses standing together in the country; a hamlet; a village.

thou /ðaʊ/ /ðuː/ pronoun
tu
(archaic, dialectal, literary, religion, or humorous) . [chiefly up to early 17th c.]

thought /θoːt/ /θɑt/ /θɒt/ /θɔt/ /θɔːt/ n
bawerî
(countable) Representation created in the mind without the use of one's faculties of vision, sound, smell, touch, or taste; an instance of thinking.
fikirîn
(uncountable) The operation by which mental activity arise or are manipulated; the process of thinking; the agency by which thinking is accomplished.

thoughtful /ˈθɑtfəl/ /ˈθɔtfəl/ /ˈθɔːtfəl/ /ˈθɔːtfʊl/ adj
berfehm
Demonstrating kindness or consideration for others.

thousand /ˈθaʊz(ə)n(d)/ /ˈθaʊz(ə)nd/ [ˈθaʊ̯zn̩d] numeral
hezar hizar
A numerical value equal to 1,000 = 10 × 100 = 103 (1 E+3 exactly—in scientific E notation.)

thousandth /ˈθaʊzəndtθ/ /ˈθaʊzəndð/ /ˈθaʊzəntθ/ /ˈθaʊzənð/ /ˈθaʊzənθ/ adj
hezarem
last in order of a series of a thousand; next after the nine hundred and ninety-ninth.

thousandth /ˈθaʊzəndtθ/ /ˈθaʊzəndð/ /ˈθaʊzəntθ/ /ˈθaʊzənð/ /ˈθaʊzənθ/ n
hezarem
(singular only) The person or thing in the thousandth position.
One of a thousand equal parts of a whole.

thrall /θɹɑl/ /θɹɔl/ /θɹɔːl/ n
xizmetkar
One who is enslaved or under mind control.

thread /θɹɛd/ [θɾ̪̊ɛd] n
په‌ت
A long, thin and flexible form of material, generally with a round cross-section, used in sewing, weaving or in the construction of string.
bend
A filament, as of a flower, or of any fibrous substance, as of bark.

thread of life n
çarenivîs
Destiny, fate.

threat /ˈtɹɛt/ /ˈθɹet/ /θɹɛt/ n
gef
An expression of intent to injure or punish another.
dijûn
A person or object that is regarded as a danger; a menace.

three /fɹiː/ /θɹiː/ [t̪ɾ̪̊iː] [θɹi] [θɹ̥i] [θɹ̥ɪi] [θɾ̪̊i] [θɾ̪̊iː] [θɾ̪̊ɪi] numeral
سێ sisê
A numerical value after two and before four. Represented in Arabic digits as 3; this many dots (•••).

three-dimensional adj
sê dîmenî
(not comparable) Existing in three dimensions.
(comparable) Having depth, or the illusion of depth, as well as height and width.

threne /θɹiːn/ n
trên
a dirge or lamentation

threnody /ˈθɹɛn.ə.di/ n
gazin
A song or poem of lamentation or mourning for a dead person; a dirge; an elegy.

thrift /θɹɪft/ n
aborî
(uncountable) The characteristic of using a minimum of something (especially money).

thrill /θɹɪl/ [t̪ɾ̪̊ɪl] [θɹ̥ɪɫ] [θɾ̪̊ɪl] [θɾ̪̊ɪɫ] n
diltepîn
(medicine) A slight quivering of the heart that accompanies a cardiac murmur.

thrilled /θɹɪld/ adj
arzûmend
Extremely excited or delighted.

thrive /θɹaɪv/ v
hatin
To grow or increase stature; to grow vigorously or luxuriantly, to flourish.

thriving /ˈθɹaɪ.vɪŋ/ /ˈθɹɑɪ.vɪŋ/ adj
ava
That thrives; successful; flourishing or prospering.

throat /ˈθɹoʊt/ /ˈθɹəʊt/ n
قورگ
The gullet or windpipe.
histî
A narrow opening in a vessel.
geru
The part of a chimney between the gathering, or portion of the funnel which contracts in ascending, and the flue.

throated adj
qirik
(in combination) Having the specified type of throat.

throe /θɹoʊ/ /θɹəʊ/ n
êş
A severe pang or spasm of pain, especially one experienced when the uterus contracts during childbirth, or when a person is about to die.

thrombosis /θɹɑmˈboʊsɪs/ /θɹɒmˈbəʊsɪs/ n
xwînmeyîn
(pathology) The formation of thrombi in the blood vessels of a living organism, causing obstruction of the circulation.

throne [tɹoʊn] [θɹoʊn] [θɹəʊn] n
text
The seat of a bishop in the cathedral-church of his diocese; also, the seat of a pope.
(Christianity) A member of an order of angels ranked above dominions and below cherubim.

throttle /ˈθɹɑ.tl̩/ /ˈθɹɑ.təl/ /ˈθɹɒt.l̩/ /ˈθɹɔ.təl/ n
pêlgeha gazê

through /θɹu/ /θɹuː/ preposition
bi rêya
By means of.

throughout /θɹaʊt/ /θɹuˈʌʊt/ /θɹuːˈaʊt/ adv
herder
In every part; everywhere.

throw /θɹoʊ/ /θɹəʊ/ [θɾ̪̊oʊ] [θɾ̪̊əʊ] v
avetin
(transitive) To eject or cause to fall off.
avêtin
To twist two or more filaments of (silk, etc.) so as to form one thread; to twist together, as singles, in a direction contrary to the twist of the singles themselves; sometimes applied to the whole class of operations by which silk is prepared for the weaver.

throw away v
avêtin
(transitive) To discard (trash, garbage, or the like), to toss out, to put in the trash.

thrush /θɹʌʃ/ n
xeydoka gulanê

thrush nightingale n
bilbil
A small passerine bird of species Luscinia luscinia, related to the common nightingale.

thrust /θɹʌst/ n
gol
(figuratively) The primary effort; the goal.

thumb /θʌm/ n
beranek
The short thick digit of the hand that for humans has the most mobility and can be made to oppose (moved to touch) all of the other fingers.

thumb /θʌm/ v
tevdan
(transitive, with through) To turn the pages of (a book) in order to read it cursorily.

thunderbolt /ˈθʌndə(ɹ)ˌboʊlt/ n
brûsk
A flash of lightning accompanied by a crash of thunder.

thus /ˈðʌs/ adv
bi vî awayî
(manner) In this way or manner.

thy /ðaɪ/ determiner
te
(archaic, dialectal, literary) : that which belongs to thee; which belongs to you (singular).

thyme /taɪm/ n
tîmus
Any plant of the labiate genus Thymus, such as garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris), a warm, pungent aromatic, that is much used to give a relish to seasoning and soups.

thymus /ˈθaɪ.məs/ n
tîmus
(anatomy, immunology) Ellipsis of thymus gland (“A ductless gland, consisting mainly of lymphatic tissue, located behind the top of the breastbone. It is most active during puberty, after which it shrinks in size. It plays an important role in the development of the immune system and produces lymphocytes.”).

thyroid /ˈθaɪ.ɹɔɪd/ adj
toşpiya zençelokê
(anatomy) Of, relating to, or being the thyroid gland.

thyroid gland n
toşpiya zençelokê
(anatomy) A large butterfly-shaped endocrine gland situated on the front of the neck that produces various hormones.

tick /tɪk/ n
befrîk
A mark on any scale of measurement; a unit of measurement.
(Australian, NZ, British, Irish) A mark (✓) made to indicate agreement, correctness or acknowledgement.
sanîye
(colloquial) A short period of time, particularly a second.

ticket /ˈtɪkət/ /ˈtɪkɪt/ n
banknot
A pass entitling the holder to admission to a show, concert, etc.
hilûk
A citation for a traffic violation.

tidal wave /ˈtaɪdəlweɪv/ n
coş
tsunamî
(proscribed) A large, sudden, and disastrous wave of water caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean; a tsunami. (See Usage notes below.)
pêl
(proscribed) A large, sudden inundation of water from the storm surge, or waves of that surge; a sudden surge of river water.

tidy up v
rêkûpêk kirin
To make clean, to make satisfactorily neat.

tie /taɪ/ n
kevan
(music) A curved line connecting two notes of the same pitch denoting that they should be played as a single note with the combined length of both notes.

tier /ˈtɪə/ /ˈtɪɚ/ n
nizm
A row or range, especially one at a higher or lower level than another.

tiger /ˈtaɪɡə/ /ˈtaɪɡɚ/ [ˈtʌɪɡɚ] n
piling bebir
Panthera tigris, a large predatory mammal of the cat family, indigenous to Asia.

tight /taɪt/ adv
baş
Firmly, so as not to come loose easily.
Soundly.

tighten /ˈtaɪ.tən/ [ˈtʰaɪ̯tn̩] [ˈtʰaɪ̯ʔn̩] v
dijwar bûn
(intransitive) To become tighter.

tightly /ˈtaɪtli/ adv
têr şidandî
In a tight manner.

till /tɪl/ v
kar kirin
(transitive) To work or cultivate or plough (soil); to prepare for growing vegetation and crops.

tillage /ˈtɪlɪd͡ʒ/ n
cot
The cultivation of arable land by plowing, sowing and raising crops.

tiller /ˈtɪlə/ n
cotkar
A person who tills; a farmer.

timber /ˈtɪmbə/ /ˈtɪmbɚ/ [ˈtɪˑmˌbəː] [ˈtɪˑmˌbɚː] n
daristan
(uncountable) Trees in a forest regarded as a source of wood.

time /taɪm/ /tɑɪm/ /tɜːm/ [tʰaɪ̯m] [tʰɑe̯m] n
dem
(uncountable) The inevitable progression into the future with the passing of present and past events.
werz
(uncountable) The feeling of the passage of events and their relative duration, as experienced by an individual.
car
(countable) A measurement of a quantity of time; a numerical or general indication of a length of progression.
(countable) An instance or occurrence.
saet
(countable) A particular moment or hour; the appropriate moment or hour for something (especially with prepositional phrase or imperfect subjunctive).
seet
(uncountable) The duration of time of a given day that has passed; the moment, as indicated by a clock or similar device.

time out v
girtin
(transitive, communication) To end (an incomplete task) after a time limit.

timeline /ˈtaɪmˌlaɪn/ n
salname
A schedule of activities; a timetable.

timeout /ˈtaɪm.aʊt/ n
bihurîna demê
(communication) The intentional termination of an incomplete task after a time limit considered long enough for it to end normally.

timepiece /ˈtaɪmpiːs/ n
seet

times /taɪmz/ /tɑemz/ /tɜːmz/ preposition
car
(mathematics) Multiplied by.

tin /tɪn/ [tʰɪn] n
pîl
(uncountable) A malleable, ductile, metallic element, resistant to corrosion, with atomic number 50 and symbol Sn.

tine /taɪn/ n
didan
A spike or point on an implement or tool, especially a prong of a fork or a tooth of a comb.

tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj
بچووک
Very small.

tip /tɪp/ n
bexşîş
A gratuity; a small amount of money left for a bartender, waiter, taxi driver or other servant as a token of appreciation. [from mid-18th c.]

tipple /ˈtɪpəl/ n
cam
(countable, and, uncountable, slang) Any alcoholic drink.

tipple /ˈtɪpəl/ v
vexwarin
(intransitive) To drink alcohol regularly or habitually, but not to excess.

tire /ˈtaɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ /ˈtaɪ̯ɚ/ /ˈtɑːɚ/ /ˈtʌɪ̯ɚ/ [ˈtʰaɪ̯ɚ] v
westîn
(intransitive) To become sleepy or weary.

tired [ˈtajəd] [ˈtaɪ̯əd] [ˈtaɪ̯ɚd] [ˈtæ̞ːəd] [ˈtɑjəd] adj
betilî
In need of some rest or sleep.

tiring /ˈtaɪəɹɪŋ/ adj
betilî
That tires or tire.

tissue /ˈtɪs.juː/ /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ /ˈtɪʃ.u/ n
tevînek
Thin, woven, gauze-like fabric.
(biology) A group of cells (along with their extracellular matrix if any) that are similar in origin and function together to do a specific job.
destmal
A sheet of absorbent paper, especially one that is made to be used as tissue paper, toilet paper or a handkerchief.

tit /tɪt/ n
memik
(UK, Ireland, slang, derogatory) A police officer; a "tithead".

titanium /taɪˈteɪni.əm/ /tɪˈteɪni.əm/ n
tîtan
A chemical element, atomic number 22; it is a strong, corrosion-resistant transition metal, used to make light alloys for aircraft etc.

tittle /ˈtɪt.əl/ n
nuqte

to /tu/ /tuː/ /tə/ /tʉː/ /tʊ/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] [tʰʉː] [ɾə] [ɾʊ] preposition
li
Indicating destination: In the direction of, so as to arrive at.
(arithmetic) Used to indicate that the preceding term is to be raised to the power of the following value; indicates exponentiation.
berî
(time) Preceding the next hour.

toad /toʊd/ /təʊd/ n
beq
An amphibian, a kind of frog (order Anura) with shorter hindlegs and a drier, wartier skin, many in family Bufonidae.

tobacco /təˈbæk.oʊ/ /təˈbæk.əʊ/ n
توتن
(uncountable) Any plant of the genus Nicotiana.
(uncountable) Leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and some other species cultivated and harvested to make cigarettes, cigars, snuff, for smoking in pipes or for chewing.
(countable) A variety of tobacco.

tobacco pipe n
qelûn
A small, hand-held device in its simplest form consisting of a bowl and stem; used for inhaling the smoke of burning tobacco.

tobacconist's n
توتن
A shop that sells tobacco products.

today /təˈdeɪ/ /tʊˈdeɪ/ [tʰəˈdeɪ] [tʰʉɾeɪː] [tʰʊˈdeɪ] adv
ئه‌مرۆ
On the current day or date.
In the current era; nowadays; these days.

toddler /ˈtɑdlɚ/ /ˈtɒdlə/ n
zarok
A young child who has started walking but not fully mastered it, typically between one and three years old.

toe /toʊ/ /təʊ/ n
pêçî
An equivalent part in an animal.
(automotive) An alignment of the wheels of a road vehicle, either positive (toe in), meaning the wheels are closer together at the front than at the back, or negative (toe out), the other way round.

toffee /ˈtɒfi/ /ˈtɔfi/ n
şekir
(uncountable) A type of confectionery made by boiling sugar (or treacle, etc) with butter or milk, then cooling the mixture so that it becomes hard.

together /təˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /təˈɡɛðɚ/ /tʊˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /tʊˈɡɛðɚ/ adv
pevre
Into one place; into a single thing; combined.

toil /tɔɪl/ /ˈtɔɪəl/ n
erk
Labour, work, especially of a grueling nature.

toil /tɔɪl/ /ˈtɔɪəl/ v
kar kirin
(intransitive) To labour; work.

toilet /ˈtɔɪ.lət/ /ˈtɔɪ.lɪt/ n
destavxane
(UK, AU, HK) A room or enclosed area containing a fixture used for urination and defecation (i.e. a toilet (sense 2)): a bathroom or water closet. [from 19th c.]
A fixture used for urination and defecation, particularly one with a large bowl and ring-shaped seat which uses water to flush the waste material into a septic tank or sewer system. [from 19th c.]
(NZ) A small secondary lavatory having a fixture used for urination and defecation (i.e. a toilet (sense 2)) and sink but no bathtub or shower.

toilet-trained adj
pak
Able to use a children's potty or a full-sized toilet, having been through toilet training.

token /ˈtoʊkən/ /ˈtəʊkən/ n
yadîgar
dawer
Something serving as an expression of something else.
pûjan
A piece of stamped metal or plastic, etc., used as a form of currency; a voucher that can be exchanged for goods or services.

toll /toɫ/ /toʊl/ /tɑl/ /tɒl/ /tɔl/ /təʊl/ [tʰɔwɫ] n
bac
Loss or damage incurred through a disaster.

tom /tɑm/ /tɒm/ n
pisîk
The male of the domesticated cat, especially if not neutered.
nêr
The male of certain other animals.

tomato /təˈmeɪ.toʊ/ /təˈmɑː.təʊ/ /ʈoˈmæʈo/ [-ma-] [tʰəˈme(ː)to(ː)] [tʰəˈmeɪɾo] [tʰɵ-] n
bacansor pamîdor
A widely cultivated plant, Solanum lycopersicum, having edible fruit.

tomato paste n
aqit
A concentrate of tomato purée; used in making pizzas etc.

tomato purée n
aqit
A concentrated sauce (sold in tins or tubes) made from mashed tomatoes.

tomb /tum/ /tuːm/ n
mezel
A small building (or "vault") for the remains of the dead, with walls, a roof, and (if it is to be used for more than one corpse) a door. It may be partly or wholly in the ground (except for its entrance) in a cemetery, or it may be inside a church proper or in its crypt. Single tombs may be permanently sealed; those for families (or other groups) have doors for access whenever needed.

tome /toʊm/ /təʊm/ n
parçe
One in a series of volumes.

tomorrow /təˈmɑɹoʊ/ /təˈmɑɹə/ /təˈmɒɹoʊ/ /təˈmɒɹə/ /təˈmɒɹəʊ/ /təˈmɔɹoʊ/ /təˈmʌɹəʊ/ /tʊ-/ /tʊˈmɑɹoʊ/ adv
[[سبه‌ی]]
On the day after the present day.

tomorrow /təˈmɑɹoʊ/ /təˈmɑɹə/ /təˈmɒɹoʊ/ /təˈmɒɹə/ /təˈmɒɹəʊ/ /təˈmɔɹoʊ/ /təˈmʌɹəʊ/ /tʊ-/ /tʊˈmɑɹoʊ/ n
[[سبه‌ی]]
(uncountable) The day after the present day.

tongue /tɒŋɡ/ /tʊŋ/ /tʊŋɡ/ /tʌŋ/ n
ziman زمان
(countable, uncountable) This organ, as taken from animals used for food (especially cows).
ziman
In a shoe, the flap of material that goes between the laces and the foot (so called because it resembles a tongue in the mouth).

tongue sole n
ziman
The fish Cynoglossus semilaevis.

tonight /təˈnaɪt/ adv
ئه‌م شه‌و
During the night following the current day; during the evening of today.

tonight /təˈnaɪt/ n
ئه‌م شه‌و
The nighttime of the current day or date; this night.

tonsil /ˈtɑn.səl/ /ˈtɒn.səl/ /ˈtɒn.sɪl/ n
ئاڵوو
(anatomy, immunology) Ellipsis of palatine tonsil.

too /tu/ /tuː/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] adv
hevîr
(degree) To an excessive degree; over; more than enough.

too many determiner
hevîr
Excessive (used with countable nouns).

too much /tu ˈmʌtʃ/ adv
hevîr
To a greater extent than is wanted or required; excessively.

tool /tul/ /tuːl/ /tʉl/ /tʉːl/ n
hesincaw
Any mechanical device meant to ease or do a task.
Any piece of equipment used in a profession, e.g. a craftman's tools.
(vulgar, informal) A penis, notably with a sexual or erotic connotation.

toot /tuːt/ /tʊt/ n
totîk
The noise of a horn or whistle.
fis
(by extension, informal) A fart; flatus.

tooth /tuːθ/ /tuθ/ /tʉθ/ /tʊθ/ n
diran didan
A sharp projection on the blade of a saw or similar implement.
(zoology) A projection or point in other parts of the body resembling the tooth of a vertebrate animal.
(figurative) Liking, fondness (compare toothsome).
diran
A projection on the edge of a gear that meshes with similar projections on adjacent gears, or on the circumference of a cog that engages with a chain.

toothless /ˈtuθləs/ /ˈtuθlɪs/ adj
bêdiran
Having no teeth.

toothly adj
fire
Toothy.

top /tɑp/ /tɒp/ [tʰɑˀp] [tʰɒˀp] adj
jorîn
Situated on the top of something.

top /tɑp/ /tɒp/ [tʰɑˀp] [tʰɒˀp] n
aktîv
(LGBT, _, slang) A man, trans woman, or other person with a penis, who penetrates or has a preference for penetrating during intercourse with other people with penises.

top note n
ser
The most volatile parts of a perfume which are immediately perceived upon its application.

topgallant /tɒpˈɡælənt/ /təˈɡælənt/ n
babafingo
(nautical) The topmost section of a mast; topgallant mast.

topple /ˈtɑpl̩/ /ˈtɒpl̩/ v
ketin
(intransitive) To totter and fall, or to lean as if about to do so.

topsy-turvy /ˈˌtɑpsiˈtɚvi/ /ˌtɒpsɪˈtəːvi/ adv
serûbin
Backwards or upside down; also, having been overturned or upset.

tormentil n
giyayê gulzer
A low-growing herb (Potentilla erecta, syn. Potentilla tormentilla).

tornado /tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/ /tɔɹˈneɪˌdoʊ/ /tɔː(ɹ)ˈneɪ.dəʊ/ n
bablîsok
(meteorology) A violent wind in the form of a mobile, rapidly rotating, funnel cloud that has contacted the ground.

torpor /ˈtɔɹpɚ/ /ˈtɔːpə(ɹ)/ n
hêdîtî
A state of being inactive or stuporous.

torso /ˈtɔɹ.soʊ/ /ˈtɔː.səʊ/ n
qurm
The main part of the (human) body that extends from the neck to the groin, excluding the head and limbs.

tortoise /ˈtɔɹ.təs/ /ˈtɔː.təs/ /ˈtɔːˌtɔɪs/ n
req
Any of various land-dwelling reptiles, of the family Testudinidae (chiefly, North America) or the order Testudines (chiefly, UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, India) , whose body is enclosed in a shell (carapace plus plastron). The animal can withdraw its head and four legs partially into the shell, providing some protection from predators.

torture /ˈtoɹt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɔːt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
stem
The infliction of severe pain or anguish, especially as an interrogation technique or punishment; (usually in the plural) a technique, method, or device which is designed to inflict such anguish.
Severe pain or anguish, of mind or body.
(in figurative or extended use) An unpleasant sensation or its infliction: embarrassment, heartache, etc.

total /ˈtoʊ.təl/ /ˈtəʊ.təl/ [tʰoʊ̯ɾɫ] [tʰɔɾɫ] n
yekûn
An amount obtained by the addition of smaller amounts.
(informal, mathematics) Sum.

totally /ˈtoʊt.əl.i/ adv
به‌ ته‌واوی
(degree, colloquial) Very; extremely.
(modal, colloquial) Definitely; for sure.

tote /toʊt/ /təʊt/ n
girfan
A tote bag.

touch /tɑt͡ʃ/ /tɛt͡ʃ/ /tʌt͡ʃ/ n
bale kirin
The faculty or sense of perception by physical contact.
(music) The particular or characteristic mode of action, or the resistance of the keys of an instrument to the fingers.

touch /tɑt͡ʃ/ /tɛt͡ʃ/ /tʌt͡ʃ/ v
hêjan
(transitive) To make physical contact with; to bring the hand, finger or other part of the body into contact with. [from 14th c.]
bale kirin
(obsolete) To infect; to affect slightly.

touching /ˈtʌt͡ʃɪŋ/ adj
bandorker
Provoking sadness and pity; that can cause sadness or heartbreak among witnesses to a sad event or situation.

touching /ˈtʌt͡ʃɪŋ/ n
temas
The act by which something is touched.

touchy /ˈtʌt͡ʃi/ adj
giran
(of a situation) Extremely sensitive or volatile; easily disturbed to the point of becoming unstable; requiring caution or tactfulness.

tour /tuːɹ/ /tɔɹ/<a:pour-poor> /tɔː/<a:pour-poor> /tʉːə/ /tʉːɹ/ /tʊə/<a:non-pour-poor> /tʊɚ/<a:non-pour-poor> /tʊɹ/ ; n
meshyan
A journey through a particular building, estate, country, etc.

tour /tuːɹ/ /tɔɹ/<a:pour-poor> /tɔː/<a:pour-poor> /tʉːə/ /tʉːɹ/ /tʊə/<a:non-pour-poor> /tʊɚ/<a:non-pour-poor> /tʊɹ/ ; v
zivirîn
(intransitive) To make a journey
(transitive) To make a circuit of a place

tourism /ˈtɔː(ɹ).ɪz.əm/ /ˈtʊə̯(ɹ).ɪz.əm/ n
turîzm
The act of travelling or sightseeing, particularly away from one's home.

tout /taʊt/ /tʌʊt/ v
dan
(transitive) To flaunt, to publicize/publicise; to boast or brag; to promote.

toward /to(ː)ɹd/ /toəd/ /tɔɹd/ /tɘˈwoːd/ /təˈwɔd/ /təˈwɔɹd/ /təˈwɔːd/ /ˈtwo(ː)ɹd/ /ˈtwoəd/ /ˈtwɔɹd/ preposition
ba
Located close to; near (a time or place).

tower /ˈtaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈtaʊɚ/ n
birc qûle
Any very tall building or structure; skyscraper.
(cartomancy) The nineteenth Lenormand card, representing structure, bureaucracy, stability and loneliness.

tower block n
apartman
A tall residential or office building.

town /taʊn/ [tʰaʊ̯n] n
bajar
(UK, historical) A rural settlement in which a market was held at least once a week.

town square n
meydan
An open area commonly found in the heart of a traditional town, used for community gatherings.

township /ˈtaʊnʃɪp/ n
bajar
The territory of a town.

toy /tɔɪ/ n
lîstok
Something to play with, especially as intended for use by a child. [from 16th c.]

toy /tɔɪ/ v
lê xistin
(intransitive) To play (with) in an idle or desultory way.

trace /tɹeɪs/ [tʃɹeɪs] n
dîtin
An act of tracing.

trachea /tɹəˈkiː.ə/ /ˈtɹeɪ.ki.ə/ n
qilqancik
(anatomy) A thin-walled, cartilaginous tube connecting the larynx to the bronchi.

trachoma n
qiltîş
(medicine) An infectious disease of the eyelid caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.

track /tɹæk/ n
rêç
Physical course; way.

trade /tɹeɪd/ n
bazirganî
(uncountable) Buying and selling of goods and services on a market.
alegor
(countable) A particular instance of buying or selling.
(countable) An instance of bartering items in exchange for one another.
meslek
(countable) Those who perform a particular kind of skilled work.
pîşe
(countable) The skilled practice of a practical occupation.

trading card /ˈtɹeɪd.ɪŋ ˌkɑɹd/ n
krom
A collectible card, sometimes sticker, usually made out of paperboard or thick paper, which usually contains an image of a certain person, place or thing (fictional or real) and a short description of the picture, along with other text (attacks, statistics, or trivia). There is a wide variation of different types of cards, like sports, cars, natural history, film characters or other information of interest to purchasers. Sometimes is included with tobacco, food or confectionery products.

tradition /tɹəˈdɪʃən/ n
bastan
A part of culture that is passed from person to person or generation to generation, possibly differing in detail from family to family, such as the way to celebrate holidays.

traditional /tɹəˈdɪʃnəl/ /tɹəˈdɪʃənəl/ adj
adetperest
In lieu of the name of the composer of a piece of music, whose real name is lost in the mists of time.

traduce /tɹəˈdjus/ /tɹəˈdjuːs/ /tɹəˈdus/ /tɹəˈdʒuːs/ v
wergerrandin
(archaic, transitive) To pass into another form of expression; to rephrase, to translate. [1530s to mid-19th c.]

traffic light /ˈtɹæˌfɪk laɪt/ n
agir
A signalling device positioned at a road intersection or pedestrian crossing to indicate when it may be safe to drive, ride or walk, using a universal colour code.

traffic sign n
nîşaneke trafîkê
A sign for the control of traffic or the information of drivers.

traffic warden n
bacan
(British, Hong Kong) A civilian employed by the police to regulate traffic and issue parking tickets.

trailer /ˈtɹeɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹeɪlɚ/ n
karwan

train /tɹeɪn/ [t̠ɹ̠̊˔e̞ɪn] [t͡ʃɹeɪn] n
trên
A mechanical (traditionally steam-powered, now typically diesel or electrical) vehicle carrying a large number of passengers and freight along a designated track or path; a line of connected wagons considered overall as a mode of transport; (as uncountable noun) rail or road travel. [from 19th c.]

trait /tɹeɪ/ /tɹeɪt/ n
taybetmendî
(biology, psychology) An identifying characteristic, habit or trend.

trajectory /tɹəˈd͡ʒɛktəɹɪ/ n
civirîn
(cybernetics) The ordered set of intermediate states assumed by a dynamical system as a result of time evolution.

tramp /tɹæmp/ n
çêlek
(pejorative) A disreputable, promiscuous woman; a slut. [from 1922]

transceive /tɹænˈsiv/ v
standin
(of a communications device) To both transmit and receive

transcript /ˈtɹæn.skɹɪpt/ [ˈtʃɹʷanskɹʷɪp̚t] [ˈtʃɹʷænskɹʷɪp̚t] n
nivîsar
A written version of what was said orally

transform /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/ /tɹænsˈfɔːm/ /tɹɑːnsˈfɔːm/ /ˈtɹænsfɔɹm/ /ˈtɹænsfɔːm/ /ˈtɹɑːnsfɔːm/ v
گۆران
(intransitive) To undergo a transformation; to change in appearance or character.

transient /-si.ənt/ /ˈtɹan.zi.ənt/ /ˈtɹæn.si.ənt/ /ˈtɹæn.zi.ənt/ /ˈtɹæn.ʃənt/ /ˈtɹɑːn.zi.ənt/ adj
rêwî
Passing or disappearing with time; transitory.

transistor /tɹænˈzɪs.tɚ/ n
transîstor
(semiconductors) A solid-state semiconductor device, with three terminals, which can be used for amplification, switching, voltage stabilization, signal modulation, and many other functions.

transistor radio n
transîstor
(dated) A small portable radio receiver having transistors rather than thermionic valves; popular from the late 1950s.

transition /tɹænˈsɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹænˈsɪʒən/ /tɹænˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹɑːnˈsɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹɑːnˈsɪʒən/ /tɹɑːnˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ n
گۆران
The process of change from one form, state, style or place to another.

transitory /ˈtɹæn.sɪ.t(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˈtɹæn.sɪˌtɔɹ.i/ /ˈtɹæn.zɪ.t(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˈtɹæn.zɪˌtɔɹ.i/ adj
rêwî
Lasting only a short time; temporary.

translate /tɹæns-/ /tɹænz-/ /tɹænzˈleɪt/ /tɹɑːns-/ /tɹɑːnzˈleɪt/ /ˈtɹæns-/ /ˈtɹænzˌleɪt/ /ˈtɹɛnz.læɪt/ [ˈtʃɹʷɛ̃nzɫæe̯ʔ(t)] v
wergerrandin
(transitive) To express spoken words or written text in a different (often clearer or simpler) way in the same language; to paraphrase, to rephrase, to restate.

translation /tɹæn(t)sˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹæns-/ /tɹænzˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ /tɹɑːns-/ /tɹɑːnz-/ n
tercime
(genetics) The process whereby a strand of mRNA directs assembly of amino acids into proteins within a ribosome.
werger
(translation studies) The discipline or study of translating written language (as opposed to interpretation, which concerns itself with spoken language).

translationary adj
wergerr
Pertaining to the translation of language.

translator /ˈtɹanzleɪtə/ /ˈtɹænsleɪtɚ/ /ˈtɹænzleɪtɚ/ /ˈtɹɑːnzleɪtə/ /ˌtɹænsˈleɪtɚ/ /ˌtɹænzˈleɪtɚ/ [ˌtʰɹænzˈleɪtʰɚ] [ˌtʰɹænzˈleɪɾɚ] n
wergêr
A computer program that translates something from one language to another using machine translation.

translucent /tɹænz.ˈlu.sənt/ /tɹænz.ˈluː.sənt/ adj
ron
Clear, lucid, or transparent.

transmit /tɹænsˈmɪt/ /tɹænzˈmɪt/ v
şandin
(transitive) To send or convey something from one person, place or thing to another.
(transitive) To spread or pass on something such as a disease or a signal.
(intransitive) To send out a signal (as opposed to receive).

transpacific adj
Okyanûsa Mezin
(geography) On, from the other side of, spanning or crossing the Pacific Ocean.

transparent /tɹæn(t)sˈpæɹənt/ /tɹæn(t)sˈpɛɹənt/ /tɹænz-/ /tɹænzˈpæɹənt/ adj
ron
(of a material or object) See-through, clear; having the property that light passes through it almost undisturbed, such that one can see through it clearly.

transportation /tɹænspɔːˈteɪʃən/ /tɹænspɚˈteɪʃən/ n
gihandin
The act of transporting, or the state of being transported; conveyance, often of people, goods etc.

trap /tɹæp/ [t̠ɹ̠̊˔ap] [t̠ɹ̠̊˔äp] [t̠ɹ̠̊˔æp] [t̠ɹ̠̊˔ɛp] n
dav
A machine or other device designed to catch (and sometimes kill) animals, either by holding them in a container, or by catching hold of part of the body.
A trick or arrangement designed to catch someone in a more general sense; a snare.

trash /tɹæʃ/ n
qilêr
(chiefly, North American) Useless physical things to be discarded; rubbish; refuse.

travail /tɹəˈveɪl/ /ˈtɹævˌeɪl/ n
kar
(literary) Arduous or painful exertion; excessive labor, suffering, hardship. [from 13th c.]
Specifically, the labor of childbirth. [from 13th c.]
(obsolete, countable) An act of working; labor (US), labour (British). [14th–18th c.]

travel /ˈtɹævəl/ n
ger
The act of traveling; passage from place to place.
The working motion of a piece of machinery; the length of a mechanical stroke.

travel /ˈtɹævəl/ v
ger
(intransitive) To be on a journey, often for pleasure or business and with luggage; to go from one place to another.

tread /tɹɛd/ n
gav
A step taken with the foot.
A manner of stepping.
A bruise or abrasion produced on the foot or ankle of a horse that interferes, or strikes its feet together.

treasure /ˈtɹɛʒə/ /ˈtɹɛʒɚ/ /ˈt͡ʃɹɛʒɚ/ n
gencîne
(uncountable) A collection of valuable things; accumulated wealth; a stock of money, jewels, etc.
(countable) Anything greatly valued.

treasure trove n
defîne
A hidden treasure, subsequently discovered.

treasury /ˈtɹɛʒ.ə.ɹi/ /ˈtɹɛʒ.ɚ.i/ n
gencîne
A place where state or royal money and valuables are stored.

treat /tɹiːt/ [tɹiːt] [t͡ʃɹiːt] v
bizav kirin
(transitive) To handle, deal with or behave towards in a specific way. [from 14th c.]

tree /tɹiː/ [tɹiː] [t̠͡ɹ̠̊˔ʷɪi̯] [t͡ʃɹiː] n
dar
A perennial woody plant taller and larger than a bush with a wooden trunk and, at some distance from the ground, leaves and branches.
(graph theory) A connected graph with no cycles or, if the graph is finite, equivalently a connected graph with n vertices and n−1 edges.
(computing theory) A recursive data structure in which each node has zero or more nodes as children.

tree sparrow n
şalûl
A bird of the species Passer montanus

tree trunk n
qurm
(botany) The main structural member of a tree.

tremble /ˈtɹɛmbl̩/ v
hejandin
(intransitive) To shake, quiver, or vibrate.
(intransitive, figurative) To fear; to be afraid.

tremendous /tɹəˈmɛndəs/ /tɹɪˈmɛndəs/ adj
زۆر چاک
Extremely large (in amount, extent, degree, etc.) or great

tremor /ˈtɹiːmə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹɛmə/ /ˈtɹɛmɚ/ /ˈtɹɪmɚ/ n
[[بوومه‌له‌رزه‌]]
An earthquake.

tremor /ˈtɹiːmə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹɛmə/ /ˈtɹɛmɚ/ /ˈtɹɪmɚ/ v
hejandin
To shake or quiver excessively and rapidly or involuntarily; to tremble.

trend /tɹɛnd/ n
ڕه‌وه‌ت
An inclination in a particular direction.
moda
A fad or fashion style.
(mathematics) A line drawn on a graph that approximates the trend of a number of disparate points.

trepidation /ˌtɹɛp.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən/ n
anksiyete
An involuntary trembling, sometimes an effect of paralysis, but usually caused by terror or fear.
(astronomy, obsolete) A libration of the starry sphere in the Ptolemaic system; a motion ascribed to the firmament, to account for certain small changes in the position of the ecliptic and of the stars.

trestle /ˈtɹɛsəl/ n
bizin
A horizontal member supported near each end by a pair of divergent legs, such as sawhorses.
A folding or fixed set of legs used to support a tabletop or planks.

trial /ˈtɹaɪəl/ [tɹaɪəl] n
ceribandin
A meeting or series of meetings in a court of law at which evidence is presented to a judge (and sometimes a jury) to allow them to decide on a legal matter (especially whether an accused person is guilty of a crime).
(archaic) The action of trying (to do) something, especially more than once. (This sense is still current in the expression trial and error.)

triangle /ˈtɹaɪəŋɡəl/ /ˈtɹaɪˌæŋɡəl/ n
sêgoşe
(geometry) A polygon with three sides and three angles.

tribe /tɹaɪb/ n
eşîr
A socially cohesive group of people within a society.

tribulation /ˌtɹɪbjəˈleɪ̯ʃən/ /ˌtɹɪbjʊˈleɪ̯ʃən/ n
diltengî
Any adversity; a trying period or event.

tribunal /tɹaɪˈbjunəl/ /tɹaɪˈbjuːnəl/ /tɹəˈbjunəl/ /tɹɪˈbjuːnəl/ n
dadgeh
(legal) An assembly including one or more judges to conduct judicial business; a court of law.

trick /tɹɪk/ [tʃɹ̠̊ɪk] [t̠ʰɹ̠̊ɪk] n
hîle
Something designed to fool or swindle.

trick /tɹɪk/ [tʃɹ̠̊ɪk] [t̠ʰɹ̠̊ɪk] v
xapandin
(transitive) To fool; to cause to believe something untrue; to deceive.

trigonometry /ˌtɹɪɡəˈnɒmətɹi/ n
sêgoşezanî
(geometry, analysis) The branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the sides and angles of (in particular) right-angled triangles, as represented by the trigonometric functions, and with calculations based on said relationships.

trim /tɹɪm/ [t̠ʰɹ̠̊ɪm] n
teyfik
(nautical) The fore-and-aft angle of the vessel to the water, with reference to the cargo and ballast; the manner in which a vessel floats on the water, whether on an even keel or down by the head or stern.

trim /tɹɪm/ [t̠ʰɹ̠̊ɪm] v
durist kirin
(transitive, nautical, of a vessel) To modify the angle relative to the water by shifting cargo or ballast; to adjust for sailing; to assume, or cause to assume a certain position, or trim, in the water.
(transitive) To make trim; to put in due order for any purpose; to make right, neat, or pleasing; to adjust.
kur kirin
(dated) To balance; to fluctuate between parties, so as to appear to favour each.

trip /tɹɪp/ [tʰɹɪp] n
ger
A journey; an excursion or jaunt.

tripe /tɹaɪp/ n
şorbehûr
The lining of the large stomach of ruminating animals, when prepared for food.

tropic /ˈtɹɒpɪk/ n
kelû
Either of the two parallels of latitude 23°27′ north and south of the equator; the farthest points at which the sun can be directly overhead; the boundaries of the torrid zone or tropics.

trot /tɹɑt/ /tɹɒt/ n
cadû
(archaic, disparaging) An ugly old woman, a hag. [From 1362.]

trot /tɹɑt/ /tɹɒt/ v
qîm kirin
(intransitive) To move along briskly; specifically, to move at a pace between a walk and a run.
bi loqê çûn
(intransitive, of a horse) To move at a gait between a walk and a canter.

trouble /ˈtɹə-/ /ˈtɹʌb(ə)l/ n
diltengî
Difficulty in doing something.

trout /tɹaʊt/ /tɹʌʊt/ n
deqsor
Any of several species of fish in Salmonidae, closely related to salmon, and distinguished by spawning more than once.

truck /tɹʊk/ /tɹʌk/ [tɹʌk] [t͡ʃɹʌk] n
kamyon
(countable, uncountable, US, Canada, Australia) A heavier motor vehicle designed to carry goods or to pull a semi-trailer designed to carry goods.

trudge /tɹʌd͡ʒ/ n
meşîn
A tramp, i.e. a long and tiring walk.

true /tɹjuː/ /tɹuː/ /tɹɪʊ̯/ [t̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷu̠ː] adj
bera
(of a statement) Conforming to the actual state of reality or fact; factually correct.
Genuine; legitimate; valid; sensu stricto.

truffle /ˈtɹʌf.l̩/ n
kiyarik
Any of various edible fungi, of the genus Tuber, that grow in the soil in southern Europe; the earthnut.

trump /tɹʌmp/ [t͡ʃɹʌmp] v
birrîn
(transitive, cards) To play on (a card of another suit) with a trump.

trunk /tɹʌŋk/ [tɹʌŋk] [t͡ʃɹʌŋk] n
qurm
(software engineering) In software projects under source control: the most current source tree, from which the latest unstable builds (so-called "trunk builds") are compiled.

truth /tɹuːθ/ n
rastî
True facts, genuine depiction or statements of reality.
That which is real, in a deeper sense; spiritual or ‘genuine’ reality.
qesem
(obsolete) A pledge of loyalty or faith.

tryst /tɹaɪst/ /tɹɪst/ n
hevdîtin
A prearranged meeting or assignation, now especially between lovers to meet at a specific place and time.
eqd
(obsolete) A mutual agreement, a covenant.

tsar /(t)sɑɹ/ /(t)sɑː/ /tsɐː/ /zɐː/ /zɑɹ/ /zɑː/ n
çar
(historical) An emperor of Russia (1547 to 1917) and of some South Slavic states.

tsunami /(t)suˈnæmi/ /(t)suˈnɑmi/ /(t)suːˈnɑːmi/ n
tsunamî
A very large and destructive wave, generally caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean, such as an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption; often a series of waves (a wave train).

tsuris /tsuːɹɪs/ /tsʊɹɪs/ n
kerxane
(US, colloquial) Problems or troubles.

tuberculosis /tjuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/ /tuˌbɚkjʊˈloʊsɪs/ n
tuberkuloz
(pathology) An infectious disease of humans and animals caused by a species of mycobacterium, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly infecting the lungs where it causes tubercles characterized by the expectoration of mucus and sputum, fever, weight loss, and chest pain, and transmitted through inhalation or ingestion of bacteria. [from 1839]

tuition /tjuːˈɪʃən/ /tuˈɪʃən/ /ˈtjuːʃən/ n
perwerde
The training or instruction provided by a teacher or tutor.
dirust
(North American) A sum of money paid for instruction (such as in a high school, boarding school, university, or college); tuition fees.

tulip /ˈtjuːlɪp/ /ˈtulɪp/ /ˈtʃuːlɪp/ n
tule
A type of flowering plant, genus Tulipa.
The flower of this plant.

tumor /tjuː.mə/ /tuː.məɹ/ n
asaw
(oncology, pathology) An abnormal growth; differential diagnosis includes abscess, metaplasia, and neoplasia.

tumult /ˈtjuː.mʌlt/ /ˈtuː.mʌlt/ /ˈtʃuː.mʌlt/ n
ceng
A riot or uprising.

tuna /ˈtjuː.nə/ /ˈtu.nə/ /ˈtʃuː.nə/ n
orkinos
Any of several species of fish of the genus Thunnus in the family Scombridae.

tune /t(j)un/ /tjuːn/ /tɪu̯n/ /tʃuːn/ n
awaz
A melody.

tungsten /ˈtʌŋstən/ n
wolfram
A rare metallic chemical element (symbol W, from Latin wolframium) with an atomic number of 74.

turban /ˈtɜːbən/ /ˈtɝbən/ n
dizî
şaşik
A man's headdress made by winding a length of cloth round the head.

turbine /ˈtəːˌbaɪn/ /ˈtəːˌbɪn/ /ˈtɚ.bɪn/ /ˈtɚˌbaɪn/ n
turbîn
Any of various rotary machines that use the kinetic energy of a continuous stream of fluid (a liquid or a gas) to turn a shaft.

turd /tɜːd/ /tɝd/ n
gû
(informal, mildly, vulgar) A piece of solid animal or human feces.

turkey /ˈtɜːki/ /ˈtɝki/ n
elok
(countable) A bird in the genus Meleagris with a fan-shaped tail and wattled neck, especially the wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo, now domesticated).

turmeric /təɹ.ˈmɛ.ɾɪk/ /ˈtjuː.m(ə).ɹɪk/ /ˈtuː.mə.ɹɪk/ /ˈtɜɹ.məɹ.ɪk/ /ˈtɜː.m(ə).ɹɪk/ /ˈtʃuː.m(ə).ɹɪk/ [ˈtʰu.mɚ.ɪk] [ˈtʰɝ.mɚ.ɪk] n
zerdeçal
(botany) An Indian plant (Curcuma longa), with aromatic rhizomes, part of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae).
(cooking) The pulverized rhizome of the turmeric plant, used for flavoring and to add a bright yellow color to food.
A yellow to reddish-brown dye extracted from the turmeric plant.

turn /tɜɹn/ /tɜːn/ v
zivirîn
(intransitive) Of a body, person, etc, to move around an axis through itself.
(intransitive) To change one's direction of travel.
(transitive) To change the direction or orientation of, especially by rotation.

turn around v
zivartin
(transitive, business, management, sports) To reverse an expected outcome (of a game, etc.), usually from a losing outcome to a winning one; to return (a business, department, etc.) to effectiveness, profitability, etc.

turn into v
zivartin
(idiomatic, transitive) To transform into; cause to become.

turn off v
reş kirin
(transitive) To power down, to switch off, to put out of operation, to deactivate (an appliance, light, mechanism, functionality etc.).
girtin
(transitive) To rotate a tap or valve so as to interrupt the outflow of liquid or gas.

turn on v
vekirin
(transitive) To set a flow of fluid or gas running by rotating a tap or valve. [from 19th c.]
agir vêxistin
(transitive) To power up, to put into operation, to start, to activate (an appliance, light, mechanism, functionality etc.).

turn out v
reş kirin
(transitive, idiomatic) To extinguish a light or other device

turn to v
veguherîn
(said of objects, intransitive, transitive) To become; to turn into.
To start to do or to use something in an attempt to deal with a difficult and unpleasant situation.

turner /ˈtɜː.nə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɝ.nɚ/ n
tornekar
A person who turns and shapes wood etc. on a lathe.

turnip /ˈtɜː.nɪp/ /ˈtɝ.nɪp/ n
şêlim
The white root of a yellow-flowered plant, Brassica rapa, grown as a vegetable and as fodder for cattle.

turtle /ˈtɜːtl̩/ /ˈtɝtl̩/ [ˈtʰɝɾɫ̩] n
req
(zoology, US, Canada) Any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body. See also tortoise.

turtle dove /ˈtɜːtəldʌv/ /ˈtɝtəldʌv/ n
qumrî
Any of several (species of) birds, called by this traditional name, mainly in the genus Streptopelia, of the family Columbidae (doves and pigeons, which also included the extinct passenger pigeon, dodo, and solitaire).

twaddle /ˈtwɑdəl/ /ˈtwɒdəl/ n
pitpit
(uncountable) Empty or silly idle talk or writing; nonsense, rubbish. [from 1782.]

twat /twæt/ /twɑt/ /twɔt/ [tʰw̥æt] [tʰw̥ɑt] [tʰw̥ɔt] n
berzik
(vulgar, slang) The vagina or vulva.

tweak /twiːk/ n
anksiyete
Trouble; distress; tweag.

twelfth /twɛlf/ [tʰw̥ɛɫʷf]<a:th-fronting> /twɛlftθ/<a:some speakers><ref:{{R:MWO}} (/twɛlf(t)θ/)> /twɛlfθ/ [tʰw̥ɛɫfθ] /twɛlθ/ [tʰw̥ɛɤθ]<a:fast speech><ref:{{R:OED}} (modern OED website has /twɛl(f)θ/ for both British and US English)> ; adj
dazdehem
The ordinal form of the number twelve, describing a person or thing in position number 12 of a sequence.

twelve /twelv/ /twəlv/ /twɛlv/ /twɛv/ [tw̥eɫv] [tw̥əɫv] [tw̥ɛv] [tw̥ɛɫv] numeral
dazde
The cardinal number occurring after eleven and before thirteen, represented in Arabic numerals as 12 and in Roman numerals as XII.

twentieth /-ɪθ/ /ˈtwɛn.i.əθ/ /ˈtwɛn.ti.əθ/ [ˈtw̥ɛ.ɾ̃i.əθ] [ˈtw̥ɛ̃n.ti.əθ] [ˈtw̥ɛ̃ɾ̃.i.əθ] adj
bîstan
The ordinal form of the number twenty.

twentieth /-ɪθ/ /ˈtwɛn.i.əθ/ /ˈtwɛn.ti.əθ/ [ˈtw̥ɛ.ɾ̃i.əθ] [ˈtw̥ɛ̃n.ti.əθ] [ˈtw̥ɛ̃ɾ̃.i.əθ] n
bîstan
A person or thing in the twentieth position.
One of twenty equal parts of a whole.

twenty /ˈtweɪnti/ /ˈtwɛni/ /ˈtwɛnti/ /ˈtwʊn(t)i/ /ˈtwʌn(t)i/ [ˈtw̥ɛɾ̃i] [ˈtw̥ɛ̃nti] [ˈtw̥ɛ̃ɾ̃i] numeral
bîst
The cardinal number 20, occurring after nineteen and before twenty-one.

twenty-five /ˌtwɛntiˈfaɪv/ numeral
bîst û penc
The cardinal number immediately following twenty-four and preceding twenty-six.

twenty-one /ˌtwɛntiˈwɒn/ /ˌtwɛntiˈwʌn/ /ˌtwʌntiˈwʌn/ n
bîst û yek
(card games) Blackjack.

twenty-one /ˌtwɛntiˈwɒn/ /ˌtwɛntiˈwʌn/ /ˌtwʌntiˈwʌn/ numeral
bîst û yek
The cardinal number occurring after twenty and before twenty-two, represented in Roman numerals as XXI and in Arabic numerals as 21.

twenty-two /ˌtwɛntiˈtuː/ /ˌtwʌntiˈtu/ numeral
bîst û du
The number after twenty-one and before twenty-three. Represented in Arabic digits as 22.

twig /twɪɡ/ [tʰw̥ɪɡ] n
لق
A small thin branch of a tree or bush.

two /tu/ /tuː/ /twuː/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] n
du
The digit/figure 2.

two /tu/ /tuː/ /twuː/ [tʰu̟] [tʰu̟ː] numeral
du
A numerical value equal to 2; this many dots (••).

two years ago adv
berî
(This entry is a translation hub.)

type /taɪp/ n
tîp
A grouping based on shared characteristics; a class.
arketîp
An individual considered typical of its class, one regarded as typifying a certain profession, environment, etc.

tyranny /ˈtɪɹəni/ n
stem
A government in which a single ruler (a tyrant) has absolute power, or this system of government; especially, one that acts cruelly and unjustly.

tête-à-tête /ˌteɪt.əˈteɪt/ /ˌtɛt.əˈtɛt/ n
beranber
A face-to-face meeting, or private conversation between two people, usually in an intimate setting; a head-to-head.

udder /ˈʌdə/ /ˈʌdɚ/ n
گوان
An organ formed of the mammary glands of female quadruped mammals, particularly ruminants such as cattle, goats, sheep and deer.

ugly /ˈʌɡli/ adj
kirêt
Displeasing to the eye; aesthetically unpleasing.

ultimatum /ˌʌl.tɪˈmeɪ.təm/ n
pêşnêrî
(diplomacy) A final statement of terms or conditions made by one party to another, especially one that expresses a threat of reprisal or war if the terms are not met before some specified date and time.

umbra /ˈʌmbɹə/ n
sî
The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.
(astronomy) The central region of a sunspot.

umbrella /ʌmˈbɹɛlə/ /ˈʌmbɹɛlə/ n
berbaran
A cloth-covered frame used for protection against rain or sun.

unadorned /əˌnʌˈdɔːɹnd/ /ʌˌnəˈdɔːnd/ adj
xwerû
Having no additional decoration or embellishment; plain and simple

unaided adj
tazî
Without the help, aid or assistance of someone or something.

unanimity /juːnəˈnɪmɪti/ n
یه‌کێتی
The condition of agreement by all parties, the state of being unanimous.

unarmed /ˌʌnˈɑɹmd/ adj
sîleh
Defenceless and lacking weapons.
Lacking both weapons and protective armour.

uncanny /ʌnˈkæni/ adj
ecêb
Strange, and mysteriously unsettling (as if supernatural); weird.

uncle /ˈʌŋ.kl̩/ n
xal mam
The brother or brother-in-law of one’s parent.

unclean /ʌnˈkliːn/ adj
pîs
Dirty, soiled or foul.

unclouded adj
ewr
Not clouded.

uncommon /ʌnˈkɒmən/ adj
hindik caran
Rare; not readily found; unusual.

uncompromising adj
çarçik
Inflexible and unwilling to negotiate or make concessions.

unconscious /ˌʌnˈkɑnʃəs/ /ˌʌnˈkɒnʃəs/ adj
makînevan
(psychology) Without directed thought or awareness.

underground /ˈʌndəɡɹaʊnd/ /ˈʌndɚɡɹaʊnd/ /ˌʌndəˈɡɹaʊnd/ /ˌʌndɚˈɡɹaʊnd/ adj
raz
(figurative) Hidden, furtive, secretive.

underground /ˈʌndəɡɹaʊnd/ /ˈʌndɚɡɹaʊnd/ /ˌʌndəˈɡɹaʊnd/ /ˌʌndɚˈɡɹaʊnd/ n
tirûş
(with, _, definite article) A movement or organisation of people who resist political convention.
(with, _, definite article) A movement or organisation of people who resist artistic convention.

underruff v
mîz kirin

understand /(ˌ)ʌndəˈstænd/ /ˌɞndəɹˈstand/ /ˌʌndɚˈsteə̯nd/ /ˌʌndɚˈstænd/ [ˌʌɾ̃ɚˈsteə̯nd] [ˌʌɾ̃ɚˈstæ̃nd] v
تێگه‌یشت
(transitive) (of communication or means of communication: words, statements, signs, etc.) To know the meaning of; to parse or have parsed correctly; to comprehend.
(transitive) (of people) To know the intent, motives or character of; (of events) to know the causes of or reasons for.

undertake /ʌndəˈteɪk/ v
peyandin
(transitive) To take upon oneself; to start, to embark on (a specific task etc.).

undertaking /ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌteɪkɪŋ/ n
fîrma
That which is undertaken; any business, work, or project which a person engages in, or attempts to perform; an enterprise.

underwater /ʌndə(ɹ)ˈwɔːtə/ /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/ adj
noqav
(not comparable) Beneath the surface of the water; of or pertaining to the region beneath the water surface.

underworld n
جه‌هه‌نه‌م
(religion, or, mythology) The world of the dead, located underneath the world of the living; the afterlife.

undress /ʌnˈdɹɛs/ v
veşelandin
(intransitive) To remove one’s clothing. [from 17th c.]
(transitive) To remove the clothing of (someone). [from 17th c.]

undulating adj
bipêl
Moving up and down like waves; wavy.

undying adj
ebedî
permanent; never-ending; infinite

unearth /ʌnˈɜː(ɹ)θ/ v
dîtin
To uncover or find; to bring out from concealment

unemployed /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/ adj
bêkar
Having no job despite being able and willing to work.
Having no use, not doing work

unemployment /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ n
bêkarî
The state of having no job; joblessness.

unending adj
bêdawî
Not ending; having no end; eternal.

unfed adj
birçî
Not fed.

unforested adj
bê dar
Not covered with forest.

ungainly /anˈɡæɪnli/ /ʌnˈɡeɪnli/ adj
kirêt
Clumsy; lacking grace.

unholy /ʌnˈhəʊli/ adj
bed
Not holy; (by extension) evil, impure, or otherwise perverted.

unhorse v
avetin
To forcibly remove from a horse.
(by extension) To disrupt or unseat; to remove from a position.

unicellular /ˌjuːnɪˈsɛljʊlə(ɹ)/ adj
tekxaneyî
(biology) Describing any microorganism that has a single cell.

unicorn /ˈjunɪkɔɹn/ /ˈjuːnɪkɔːn/ n
yekqoç
A mythical beast resembling a horse or deer with a single, straight, spiraled horn projecting from its forehead.

unification n
tevlihevbûn
The act of unifying.

uninstall v
hilanîn
(computing) To completely remove hardware or software from a computer system.

union /ˈjuː.ni.ən/ /ˈjuː.njən/ n
yekîtî
(countable) The state of being united or joined; a state of unity or harmony.
(countable) That which is united, or made one; something formed by a combination or coalition of parts or members; a confederation; a consolidated body; a league.

unique /juːˈniːk/ /jəˈniːk/ adj
unîk
(uncomparable) Being the only one of its kind; unequaled, unparalleled or unmatched.
Of a feature, such that only one holder has it.

unit /ˈ(j)ɪu̯.nɪt/ /ˈjuː.nɪt/ n
yeke
(sciences) A standard measure of a quantity.
An organized group comprising people and/or equipment.
(military, informal) A member of a military organization.
(commerce) An item which may be sold singly.
(US, military) An organization title of a subdivision of a group in a task force.
(US, military) A standard or basic quantity into which an item of supply is divided, issued, or detailed. In this meaning, also called unit of issue.
(US, military) With regard to Reserve Components of the Armed Forces, denotes a Selected Reserve unit organized, equipped, and trained for mobilization to serve on active duty as a unit or to augment or be augmented by another unit. Headquarters and support functions without wartime missions are not considered units.

unit of measure n
yekeya pîvanê
Any standardized, reproducible unit that can be used to measure any physical property.

unite /juˈnaɪt/ /jʊˈnaɪt/ [ju̟ˈnaɪ̯(ʔ)t̚] [ju̟ˈnaɪ̯ʔ] [jəˈnaɪ̯ʔ] [jʊˈnaɪ̯(ʔ)t̚] [jʊˈnaɪ̯ʔ] v
یه‌ک خستن
(transitive) To bring together as one.

united /juˈnaɪtɪd/ /juːˈnaɪtɪd/ /jʊˈnaɪtɪd/ [juˈnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d] [ju̟ˈnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d] [jəˈnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d] [jʊˈnaɪ̯ɾɪ̈d] adj
یه‌ک گرتوو
Joined into a single entity.
Involving the joint activity of multiple agents.

unity /ˈjunəti/ /ˈjunɪti/ /ˈjuːnəti/ /ˈjuːnɪti/ n
yeke
(uncountable) Oneness; the state or fact of being one undivided entity.

universe /ˈjuːniːˌvɜ(ɹ)s/ /ˈjuːnəˌvɝs/ /ˈjuːnɪˌvɜːs/ n
gerdûn
An entity similar to our universe; one component of a larger entity known as the multiverse.
Everything under consideration.
An imaginary collection of worlds.
A whole world, in the sense of perspective or social setting.
(archaic) The Earth, the sphere of the world.

university /junɪˈvɚsəti/ /junɪˈvɚsɪti/ /juːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ n
zanîngeh zanko
Institution of higher education (typically accepting students from the age of about 17 or 18, depending on country, but in some exceptional cases able to take younger students) where subjects are studied and researched in depth and degrees are offered.

unkempt /ˌʌnˈkɛmpt/ adj
nexwedîkirî
(by extension) Disorderly; untidy; messy; not kept up.

unknown /ʌnˈnoʊn/ /ʌnˈnəʊn/ adj
kesnezanî
(sometimes, _, postpositive) Not known; unidentified; not well known.

unlearn /ʌnˈləːn/ /ʌnˈlɝn/ v
ji bîr kirin
(transitive) To discard the knowledge of.

unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/ v
hilbûn
(figurative) To let go; to release.

unlock /anˈlɔk/ /ʌnˈlɑk/ /ʌnˈlɒk/ v
vekirin
(transitive) To undo or open a lock or something locked by, for example, turning a key, or selecting a combination.

unmatched adj
unîk
peerless; unrivalled; beyond comparison

unoccupied adj
vala
Not being used; vacant or free

unpack /ʌnˈpæk/ v
vala kirin
(transitive) To remove from a package or container, particularly with respect to items that had previously been arranged closely and securely in a pack.

unparalleled adj
unîk
Having no parallel; without equal; lacking anything similar or worthy of comparison.

unpleasant /ʌnˈplɛzənt/ adj
kirêt
Not pleasant.

unrestrained adj
natûr
spontaneous, natural and informal; unconstrained

unripe adj
kesk
Not ripe.
Developing too early; premature.

unsafe /ʌnˈseɪf/ adj
talûke
Not safe (various senses); dangerous.

unsuccessfulness n
biserneketin
The state or condition of being unsuccessful.

until /ənˈtɪl/ /ʊnˈtɪl/ /ʌnˈtɪl/ /ˈʌntəl/ preposition
heta
Up to the time of (something happening).

untimely /ʌnˈtaɪmli/ adj
kesk
Early; premature.

untitled adj
bênav
Having no title.

unto /-tuː/ /-tə/ /-tʊ/ /ˈʌntə/ /ˈʌntʊ/ preposition
heta
Up to; indicates a motion towards a thing and then stopping at it.

ununbium n
ûnûnbiyûm
The former systematic element name for the chemical element with atomic number 112 (symbol Uub), which has been officially changed to copernicium.

ununhexium n
ûnûnheksiyûm
(dated) The previous systematic element name for livermorium, the chemical element with atomic number 116 (symbol Uuh).

ununpentium n
element 115
(dated) The systematic element name for the chemical element with atomic number 115 (symbol Uup). The element is now named moscovium.

ununquadium n
ûnûnkûadyûm
(dated) The systematic element name for flerovium, the chemical element with atomic number 114 (symbol Uuq).

ununtrium n
ûnûntriyûm
(dated) The systematic element name for the chemical element with atomic number 113 (symbol Uut). The element is now named nihonium.

unwieldy /ˌʌnˈwɪəl.di/ adj
dijwar
Difficult to carry, handle, manage or operate because of its size, weight, shape or complexity.

unwind /ʌnˈwaɪnd/ v
leq bûn
(intransitive, colloquial) To relax; to chill out; to rest and become relieved of stress

unworked adj
سه‌وز
Yet to be altered, carved, milled, worked, or otherwise changed from its natural or crude state.

unyielding adj
که‌له‌ ڕه‌ق
Not giving in; not bending; stubborn.

up /ap/ /ʌp/ [äp] [ɐʔp] [ʌp̚] adj
ئاماده
Ahead; leading; winning.

up /ap/ /ʌp/ [äp] [ɐʔp] [ʌp̚] adv
jor
Away from the surface of the Earth or other planet; in opposite direction to the downward pull of gravity.
bala
To a higher level of some quantity or notional quantity, such as price, volume, pitch, happiness, etc.

up /ap/ /ʌp/ [äp] [ɐʔp] [ʌp̚] n
bala
(uncountable) The direction opposed to the pull of gravity.

up /ap/ /ʌp/ [äp] [ɐʔp] [ʌp̚] preposition
hilketin
Toward the top of.

up and down adv
serberjêr
upward and downward, alternately.

upbeat /ʌpˈbit/ /ˈʌpˌbit/ adj
başbîn
Having a positive, lively, or perky tone, attitude, etc.

upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/ /ˈʌp.ɡɹeɪd/ v
perisandin
(transitive) To replace with something better.
berz kirin
(intransitive, computing) To replace a program with a later version of itself, a version having a higher version number or marketed under a more recent product name.

upheaval /ʌpˈhi.vəl/ n
rabûn
The process of being heaved upward, especially the raising of part of the earth's crust.

uphill /ʌpˈhɪl/ /ˈʌphɪl/ adj
çiya
Located up a slope or on a hill.
Going up a slope or a hill.

uphill /ʌpˈhɪl/ /ˈʌphɪl/ adv
çiya
Up a slope, towards higher ground.

uplift /ʌpˈlɪft/ /ˈʌp.lɪft/ v
berz kirin
To raise something or someone to a higher physical, social, moral, intellectual, spiritual or emotional level.

upload /əpˈloʊd/ /əpˈləʊd/ /ˈʌpˌloʊd/ /ˈʌpˌləʊd/ v
bar kirin
(transitive, intransitive, computing) To transfer data to a computer on a network, especially to a server on the Internet.

upon /əˈpɑn/ /əˈpɒn/ /əˈpɔn/ preposition
li

upper /ˈʌpə(ɹ)/ /ˈʌpɚ/ adj
jorîn
At a higher level, rank or position.
bilind
(education) Of or pertaining to a secondary school.

upper arm n
çeng
(anatomy) The section of an arm from the elbow to the shoulder.

upright /ˈʌpɹaɪt/ adj
heq
Vertical; erect
tortorîk
(figuratively) Of good morals; practicing ethical values.

upset /ʌpˈsɛt/ /ˈʌpsɛt/ v
jê xwarin
(transitive) To make (a person) angry, distressed, or unhappy.

upside /ˈʌpˌsaɪd/ n
avantaj
(figurative) A favourable aspect of something that also has an unfavourable aspect.

upside down /ˌʌpsaɪd ˈdaʊn/ /ˌʌpsaɪˈdaʊn/ adj
serûbin
Inverted; turned so that the top is at the bottom.

upside down /ˌʌpsaɪd ˈdaʊn/ /ˌʌpsaɪˈdaʊn/ adv
serberjêr
Inverted, so that the top is now at the bottom.

upstairs /ˈʌpˌstɛəz/ /ˈʌpˌstɛɹz/ /ˌʌpˈstɛəz/ /ˌʌpˈstɛɹz/ adv
jor
Up the stairs; on a higher floor or level.

upward /ˈʌpwəd/ /ˈʌpwɚd/ adv
jor
In a direction from lower to higher; toward a higher place; in a course toward the source or origin.

upwards /ˈʌpwədz/ /ˈʌpwɚdz/ adv
jor
Towards a (higher) position closer to the sky than the ground.

uranium /jʊˈɹeɪniəm/ n
uranyûm
The element with atomic number 92 and symbol U: a radioactive silvery-grey metal in the actinide series.

urban /ˈɜɹbən/ /ˈɜːb(ə)n/ adj
bajar
Of, pertaining to, characteristic of, or happening or located in, a city or town; of, pertaining to, or characteristic of life in such a place, especially when contrasted with the countryside.

urethra /jʊˈɹiːθɹə/ n
pêşborî
(anatomy) The tube through which urine exits the body and, in penises, through which semen is ejaculated.

urge /ɜːd͡ʒ/ /ɝd͡ʒ/ n
daxwaz
A strong desire; an itch to do something.

urge /ɜːd͡ʒ/ /ɝd͡ʒ/ v
ajawe
(transitive) To press; to push; to drive; to impel; to force onward.

urgent /ˈɜː.d͡ʒənt/ /ˈɝ.d͡ʒənt/ adj
ecele
Requiring immediate attention.

urinary /ˈjʊəɹɪn(ə)ɹi/ adj
میز mîz
Pertaining to urine, its production, function, or excretion.

urinary bladder n
dewlik
(anatomy) An elastic, muscular sac situated in the pelvic cavity, into which urine from the kidneys is temporarily stored prior to disposal by urination. Urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra.

urinate /ˈjʊəɹɪneɪt/ /ˈjʊɹɪneɪt/ v
mîstin

urine /ˈjɝɪn/ /ˈjʉːəɹɪn/ /ˈjʊəɹaɪn/ /ˈjʊəɹɪn/ /ˈjʊɹɪn/ n
mîz

us /əs/ /əz/ /ʌs/ /ʌz/ pronoun
em
(personal) Me and at least one other person; the objective case of we.

use /(j)ɪu̯s/ /(j)ɪu̯z/ /jus/ /juz/ /juːs/ /juːz/ /jʉs/ /jʉːs/ /jʉːz/ n
[[به‌کارهێنان]]
The act of using.

use /(j)ɪu̯s/ /(j)ɪu̯z/ /jus/ /juz/ /juːs/ /juːz/ /jʉs/ /jʉːs/ /jʉːz/ v
bi kar anîn
(transitive) To employ; to apply; to utilize.

used to /juːs(t).tu/ /juːs(t).tə/ /juːzd/ v
berê
(temporal location) Formerly and habitually or repeatedly, but possibly no longer, did.

useful /ˈjusfəl/ /ˈjuːsfəl/ /ˈjʉːːsfəl/ [ˈjusfl̩] [ˈjuːsfl̩] [ˈjʉːːsfl̩] adj
sûdbexş
Having a practical or beneficial use.

user /ˈjuzɚ/ /ˈjuːzə/ n
bikarhêner
(computing) A person who uses a computer or a computing network, especially a person who has received a user account.

usually /ˈjuːʒ(ʊə)li/ /ˈjuːʒju(ə)li/ /ˈjuːʒu(ə)li/ /ˈjuːʒəli/ adv
bi gelemperî
Most of the time; less than always, but more than occasionally.

utilisation n
bikaranîn
The act of using something.

utilise /ˈjuːtɪlaɪz/ v
bi kar anîn
To make best use of; to use to its fullest extent, potential, or ability.

utilitarian /juˌtɪləˈtɛɹi.ən/ /juːˌtɪlɪˈtɛːɹi.ən/ adj
biavantaj
Practical and functional, present for use, not just for show.

utility /juˈtɪl.ə.ti/ /juːˈtɪl.ɪ.ti/ /jəˈtɪl.ɪ.ti/ [juˈtɪl.ə.ɾi] n
hêzgeh
(business, finance, by extension) A natural or legal monopoly distributer of such a utility; or, the securities of such a provider.

utter /ˈʌtə/ /ˈʌtɚ/ [ˈɐtə] [ˈʌɾɚ] v
gotin

utterance /ˈʌtəɹəns/ n
bilêvkirin
An act of uttering.

uvula /ˈju.vjəl.ə/ /ˈjuː.vjʊl.ə/ n
zimanê biçûk
(anatomy) Ellipsis of palatine uvula.: the fleshy appendage that hangs from the back of the soft palate, that closes the nasopharynx during swallowing

vacant /ˈveɪkənt/ adj
به‌تاڵ
Not occupied; empty.

vaccine /-saɪn/ /-sɪn/ /vækˈsin/ /ˈvæksiːn/ /ˈvækˌsin/ n
kutan
A substance given to stimulate a body's production of antibodies and provide immunity against a disease without causing the disease itself in the treatment, prepared from the agent that causes the disease (or a derivative of it; or a related, also effective, but safer disease), or a synthetic substitute; also, a dose of such a substance.

vacuum /ˈvæ.kjuː.əm/ /ˈvæ.kjuːm/ n
vala
A region of space that contains no matter.

vagina /vəˈd͡ʒaɪ.nə/ n
quz
(anatomy) A passage leading from the opening of the vulva to the cervix of the uterus for copulation and childbirth in female mammals.
(zootomy) A similar part in some invertebrates and non-mammalian amniotes.

vaginal /vəˈd͡ʒʌɪ.nəl/ /ˈvæd͡ʒ.ən.əl/ adj
vajîna
(relational) Of, relating to, or affecting the vagina.

vaginitis n
vajînît
(pathology) Inflammation of the vagina.

vagrant /ˈveɪɡɹənt/ n
serserî
(dated) A person who wanders from place to place; a nomad, a wanderer.
(specifically) A person without settled employment or habitation who usually supports himself or herself by begging or some dishonest means; a tramp, a vagabond.

vague /veɪɡ/ /væɡ/ adj
gerek
Not clearly expressed; stated in indefinite terms.

valiant /ˈvæliənt/ adj
ئازا
Possessing or showing courage or determination; brave, heroic.

valley /ˈvæli/ n
دۆڵ
An elongated depression cast between hills or mountains, often garnished with a river flowing through it.

valour /ˈvælə/ /ˈvælɚ/ n
mêranî
Strength of mind in regard to danger; the quality which enables a person to encounter danger with firmness

value /ˈvæl.juː/ n
nirx
The quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable.
(uncountable) The degree of importance given to something.
The amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else.
(mathematics, physics) Any definite numerical quantity or other mathematical object, determined by being measured, computed, or otherwise defined.

value /ˈvæl.juː/ v
nirxandin
To estimate the value of; judge the worth of something.

value judgment n
nirxdarazî
(philosophy) A judgment of the rightness or wrongness of something, based on a particular set of values or on a particular value system.

vampire /ˈvæm.paɪ.ə(ɹ)/ n
çirore
A mythological creature (usually humanoid and undead) said to feed on the blood or life energy of the living. [from 1732]

vanadium /vəˈneɪdi.əm/ n
vanadyûm
A chemical element (symbol V) with atomic number 23; it is a transition metal, used in the production of special steels.

vanilla /vəˈnɛlə/ /vəˈnɪlə/ n
vanîlya
(countable) Any tropical, climbing orchid of the genus Vanilla (especially Vanilla planifolia), bearing podlike fruit yielding an extract used in flavoring food or in perfumes.
(countable) The fruit or bean of the vanilla plant.
(uncountable) The extract of the fruit of the vanilla plant.
(uncountable) The distinctive fragrant flavour/flavor characteristic of vanilla extract.

vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/ v
ji navê rabûn
To become invisible or to move out of view unnoticed.

vanquish /ˈvæŋkwɪʃ/ v
avêtin erdê
(transitive) To defeat (someone); to overcome.

vapor /ˈveɪpə/ /ˈveɪpɚ/ n
bixar
The gaseous state of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid.

variant /ˈvæɹi.ənt/ /ˈvɛəɹi.ənt/ /ˈvɛɹi.ənt/ n
çeşîddarî
Something that is slightly different from a type or norm.

variation /ˌvæɹiˈeɪʃn̩/ /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/ /ˌvɛəɹɪˈeɪʃn̩/ /ˌvɛɹiˈeɪʃn̩/ n
گۆران
The act of varying; a partial change in the form, position, state, or qualities of a thing.

variegated /ˈveəɹɪəˌɡeɪtɪd/ /ˈvæɹi.əˌɡeɪtɪd/ adj
deqsor
Streaked, spotted, or otherwise marked with a variety of color.

vase /veɪs/ /veɪz/ /væes/ /vɐːz/ /vɑz/ /vɑːz/ /vɔz/ /vɔːz/ [-s] [vaz] [veːz] [väːz] [vɒːz] n
guldank
An upright open container used mainly for displaying fresh, dried, or artificial flowers.

vast /vast/ /væst/ /vɑːst/ adj
fire
Very large or wide (literally or figuratively).

vault /vɑlt/ /vɒlt/ /vɔlt/ /vɔːlt/ n
hêvî
(gymnastics) A gymnastic movement performed on this apparatus.
(often, figurative) Any archive of past content.
(obsolete) An underground or covered conduit for water or waste; a drain; a sewer.
(obsolete) An underground or covered reservoir for water or waste; a cistern; a cesspit.

vaulting horse n
hesp
(gymnastics) An apparatus with an upholstered body but no pommels; since about 2000 replaced with vault, also called vaulting table.

veal /viːl/ n
golik
The flesh of a calf (i.e. a young bovine) used for food.

vector /ˈvɛktə/ /ˈvɛktɚ/ n
vektor
(mathematics, physics) A directed quantity, one with both magnitude and direction; the signed difference between two points.

veer /vɪ(ə)ɹ/ /vɪə/ v
zivirîn
(intransitive) To change direction or course suddenly; to swerve.

vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/ /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.ə.tə.bəl/ /ˈvɛt͡ʃ.tə.bəl/ [ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bl̩] n
nebat
Any plant.
sebze
A plant raised for some edible part of it, such as the leaves, roots, fruit or flowers, but excluding any plant considered to be a fruit, grain, herb, or spice in the culinary sense.
The edible part of such a plant.
(figuratively, derogatory) A person whose brain (or, infrequently, whose body) has been damaged to the point that they cannot interact with the surrounding environment; a person in a persistent vegetative state.

vegetable garden n
bexçe
A garden where vegetables and herbs are grown for personal or household use, sometimes inclusive of cold frames, greenhouses, and market gardens. (This entry is a translation hub.)

vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/ /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛə.ɹi.ən/ /ˌvɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛə.ɹɪ.ən/ n
giyaxur
An animal that eats only plants; a herbivore.

veggie /ˈvɛd͡ʒi/ n
hêşînahî
(informal) A vegetable.

vehement /ˈviː.hə.mənt/ /ˈviː.ə.mənt/ /ˈvɪə.mənt/ adj
biheraret
Showing strong feelings; passionate; forceful or intense.

vehicle /ˈvi.ə.kəl/ /ˈviˌ(h)ɪ.kəl/ /ˈviː.ɪ.kəl/ /ˈvɛ.hɪ.kəl/ /ˈvɪə.kəl/ /ˈvɪː(ə).kəl/ n
diwêrê
A conveyance; a spacious device for carrying or transporting substances, objects, people or animals.
amûr
A medium for expression of talent or views.

vein /veɪn/ n
xwînhêner
(anatomy) A blood vessel that transports blood from the capillaries back to the heart.

velocity /vəˈlɑsəti/ /vəˈlɒsəti/ n
lez
(physics) A vector quantity that denotes the rate of change of position with respect to time, combining speed with a directional component.
frekans
The rate of occurrence.

vendor /ˈvɛn.də/ /ˈvɛn.dɚ/ n
firoşkar
A person or a company that vends or sells.

vengeance /ˈvɛnˌd͡ʒəns/ n
heyf
Revenge taken for an insult, injury, or other wrong.

venom /ˈvɛnəm/ n
jehr
An animal toxin intended for defensive or offensive use; a biological poison delivered by bite, sting, etc., to protect an animal or to kill its prey.
(figuratively) Feeling or speech marked by spite or malice; vitriol.

ventricle /ˈvɛn.tɹɪk.əl/ n
zikok
One of two lower chambers of the heart.

verb /vɜːb/ /vɝb/ n
lêker
(grammar) A word that indicates an action, event, or state of being.

verbose /vəˈbəʊs/ /vɚˈboʊs/ adj
bikitekit
(computing) Producing detailed output for diagnostic purposes.

verdant /ˈvɝ.dənt/ adj
kesk
Green in colour.
Abundant in verdure; lush with vegetation.
Inexperienced.

verge /vɜːd͡ʒ/ /vɝd͡ʒ/ n
qerax
An edge or border.

verjuice /ˈvɝd͡ʒuːs/ /ˈvɝd͡ʒəs/ n
qurî
A very acidic juice made by pressing unripe grapes.

vermiform appendix n
apandîs
(anatomy) An organ consisting of a blind tube projecting from the caecum. Of disputed function (if any), it is known for sometimes causing inflammation (appendicitis) in humans.

vernacular /vəˈnækjələ/ /vəˈnækjʊlə/ /vɚˈnækjəlɚ/ n
zimanê devkî
Everyday speech or dialect, including colloquialisms, as opposed to standard, literary, liturgical, or scientific idiom.
lehce
Language unique to a particular group of people.

vert /vɜːt/ /vɝt/ adj
kesk
(tincture) In blazon, of the colour green.

vertebra /ˈvɜː.tɪb.ɹə/ /ˈvɝ.təb.ɹə/ /ˈvɝ.təˌbɹeɪ/ n
movik
(skeleton) Any of the bony or cartilaginous segments which make up the backbone, consisting in some lower vertebrates of several distinct elements which never become united, and in higher vertebrates having a short more or less cylindrical body whose ends articulate by pads of elastic or cartilaginous tissue with those of adjacent vertebrae and a bony arch that encloses the spinal cord.

vertebrate /ˈvɛɹ.tɪ.bɹeɪt/ n
birrbiredar
An animal having a backbone.

vertex /ˈvɜː.tɛks/ /ˈvɝˌtɛks/ n
دوگمه‌
(graph theory) One of the elements of a graph joined or not by edges to other vertices.

vessel /ˈvɛs.əl/ [ˈvɛsɫ̩] n
gemî
A craft designed for transportation through air or space. [From 1915]
xwînborî
A person as a container of qualities or feelings. [From 1382]
(biology) A tube or canal that carries fluid in an animal or plant. [From 1398]

vest /vɛst/ n
êlek
(North America) A sleeveless garment that buttons down the front, worn over a shirt, and often as part of a suit; a waistcoat.

vestige /ˈvɛs.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
dawer
A mark left on the earth by a foot.

vex /vɛks/ v
aciz kirin
(transitive) To cause (mental) suffering to; to distress.

viable /ˈvaɪəbəl/ adj
gengaz
Able to be done, possible, practicable, feasible.

vibrant /ˈvaɪbɹənt/ adj
coşbûyî
Lively and vigorous.
bilerz
Vibrating, resonant or resounding.

vicinity /vəˈsɪnəti/ n
derdor
neighbourhood; nearby region; surrounding area.

vicious /ˈvɪʃəs/ adj
bed
(archaic) Pertaining to vice; characterised by immorality or depravity.

victim /ˈvɪktəm/ /ˈvɪktɪm/ n
قوربانی
A living being which is slain and offered as a sacrifice, usually in a religious rite.

video /ˈvɪd.i.oʊ/ /ˈvɪd.i.əʊ/ n
vîdyo
Television, television show, movie.
A short film clip, with or without audio (as in a music video, or one of the plethora of user-generated short movies on sites such as YouTube).
Motion picture stored on VHS or some other format.

vie /vaɪ/ v
pêşbirkî kirin
(intransitive) To fight for superiority; to contend; to compete eagerly so as to gain something.

view /vjuː/ /vɪu̯/ n
dîmen
Something to look at, such as scenery.
pirbûn
(Internet) An individual viewing of a web page or a video etc. by a user.
helwest
A point of view.

view /vjuː/ /vɪu̯/ v
berê xwe dan
(transitive) To look at.

vigilant /ˈvɪd͡ʒɪlənt/ adj
bîdar
Watchful, especially for danger or disorder; alert; wary

vigorous /ˈvaɪɡɹəs/ /ˈvɪɡəɹəs/ adj
xurt
Rapid of growth.

village /ˈvɪlɪd͡ʒ/ n
gund
A rural habitation of size between a hamlet and a town.

villager /ˈvɪlɪd͡ʒə/ /ˈvɪlɪd͡ʒɚ/ n
gundî
A person who lives in, or comes from, a village.

villain /ˈvɪl.jən/ /ˈvɪl.ən/ n
cotkar
(fiction) In fiction, a character who has the role of being bad, especially antagonizing the hero; an antagonist who is also evil or malevolent.

villus /ˈvɪləs/ n
memîle
(biology) A small projection from a membrane, particularly those found in the mucous membranes of the intestines.

vim /vɪm/ n
wize
Ready vitality and vigour. [from mid 19th c.]

vindicate /ˈvɪn.dɪˌkeɪt/ v
berevanî kirin
(transitive) To maintain or defend (a cause) against opposition.
(transitive) To lay claim to; to assert a right to; to claim.

vine /vaɪn/ n
rez
Any plant of the genus Vitis.

vinegar /ˈvɪnəɡə/ /ˈvɪnəɡɚ/ n
sirke
(uncountable) A sour liquid formed by the fermentation of alcohol used as a condiment or preservative; a dilute solution of acetic acid.

vineyard /ˈvɪn.jəd/ /ˈvɪn.jɚd/ /ˈvɪnˌjɑːd/ n
rez
A grape plantation, especially one used in the production of wine.

vintage /ˈvɪn.tɪd͡ʒ/ n
sal
The year or place in which something is produced.

violence /ˈvaɪ(ə)ləns/ /ˈvaɪ(ə)ˌlɛns/ n
şidet
Extreme force.
Physical action which causes destruction, harm, pain, or suffering.

violet /ˈvaɪlət/ /ˈvaɪələt/ n
هه‌تیو
benefşe
A plant or flower of the genus Viola, especially the fragrant Viola odorata; (inexact) similar-looking plants and flowers.

violin /ˌvaɪ.oʊˈlin/ /ˌvaɪəˈlɪn/ [ˌwaʊˈlin] n
keman
A small unfretted stringed instrument with four strings tuned (lowest to highest) G-D-A-E, usually held against the chin and played with a bow.

viper /ˈvaɪpɚ/ n
marê mirdarok
A venomous snake in the family Viperidae.

virgin /ˈvɜːd͡ʒɪn/ /ˈvɝd͡ʒɪn/ adj
duşîze
(usually, not comparable) In a state of virginity; chaste, not having had sexual intercourse.

virgin /ˈvɜːd͡ʒɪn/ /ˈvɝd͡ʒɪn/ n
duşîze
person who has not had sexual intercourse, animal that has never mated

virile /ˈvɪɹ.əl/ /ˈvɪɹˌaɪl/ adj
nêr
Manly; having characteristics associated with being male, such as strength; exhibiting masculine traits to an exaggerated degree such as strength, forcefulness or vigor.

virility /vəˈɹɪlɪti/ n
mêranî
The state of being virile.

virtue /-tjuː/ /ˈvɜː.t͡ʃuː/ /ˈvɝ.t͡ʃu/ n
dawpaqijî
(Christianity) A creature embodying divine power, specifically one of the orders of heavenly beings, traditionally ranked above angels and archangels, and below seraphim and cherubim. [from 14th c.]

vision /ˈvɪʒ.ən/ [ˈvɪʒ.n̩] n
dîtin
(uncountable) The sense or ability of sight.

visit /ˈvɪzɪt/ v
seredanî kirin
(transitive) To habitually go to (someone in distress, sickness etc.) to comfort them. (Now generally merged into later senses, below.) [from 13th c.]

visitant /ˈvɪzɪtənt/ n
mêvan
One who visits; a guest; a visitor.

visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə/ /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/ n
serdaner
Someone who visits someone else; someone staying as a guest.

visor /ˈvaɪzɚ/ n
wezîr
A part of a helmet, arranged so as to lift or open, and so show the face. The openings for seeing and breathing are generally in it.
dîmender
The fore piece of a cap, projecting over, and protecting the eyes.

vista /ˈviːstə/ /ˈvɪstə/ n
dîmen
A distant view or prospect, especially one seen through some opening, avenue or passage.

visual arts n
hunerên dîtbarî
Art forms that are primarily visual in nature, such as painting, photography, printmaking, and filmmaking.

vital /ˈvaɪtəl/ adj
jiyan
Relating to, or characteristic of life.
Necessary to the continuation of life; being the seat of life; being that on which life depends.

vitamin A n
vîtamîna A
(vitamin) Any of several closely related fat-soluble vitamins that are essential for normal vision; retinol.

vixen /ˈvɪk.sən/ n
rovî
A female fox.

vizier /vɪˈzɪə/ /vɪˈzɪɹ/ /ˈvɪzɪə/ n
wezîr
(history) A high-ranking official or minister in an Islamic government, especially in the Ottoman Empire.

vocabulary /voʊˈkæbjəlɛɹi/ /vəʊˈkabjʊləɹɪ/ /vəˈkabjʊləɹɪ/ /vəˈkæbjəlɛɹi/ n
bêjename
A usually alphabetized and explained collection of words e.g. of a particular field, or prepared for a specific purpose, often for learning.
The collection of words a person knows and uses.

vocal cord n
dengejê
(anatomy, usually, in the plural) Either of two pairs of folds of mucous membrane stretched horizontally across the human larynx whose vibrations help to produce the voice.

vocation /voʊˈkeɪʃən/ /vəʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
meslek
An occupation for which a person is suited, trained or qualified.

vocational adj
meslek
(of education) That provides a special skill rather than academic knowledge.

vocative /ˈvoʊkətɪv/ /ˈvɑkətɪv/ /ˈvɒkətɪv/ adj
dariştina bazîkerî
(grammar) Used in address; appellative (said of that case or form of the noun, pronoun, or adjective, in which a person or thing is addressed). For example "Domine, O Lord"

vocative case n
dariştina bazîkerî
(grammar) case of address, case used for a noun identifying the person or thing being addressed. It corresponds to the archaic English particle "O" as used in solemn or poetic address e.g.: Hear me, O Albion! Languages that regularly employ the vocative include Arabic, Bengali, Bulgarian, Czech, Georgian, Greek, Hawaiian, Hindi-Urdu, Irish, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Ojibwe, Polish, Romanian, Ruthenian/Rusyn, Sanskrit, Scottish Gaelic, Serbo-Croatian, Slovak, Tamil and Ukrainian.

vodka /ˈvɑdkə/ /ˈvɒdkə/ n
vodka
A clear distilled alcoholic liquor made from grain mash.

voice /vɔɪs/ n
deng
Sound uttered by the mouth, especially by human beings in speech or song; sound thus uttered considered as possessing some special quality or character
(figurative) An expressed opinion, choice, will, desire, or wish; the right or ability to make such expression or to have it considered
(archaic) Command; precept.
One who speaks; a speaker.
(grammar) A particular way of inflecting or conjugating verbs, or a particular form of a verb, by means of which is indicated the relation of the subject of the verb to the action which the verb expresses.
awaz
(music) In harmony, an independent vocal or instrumental part in a piece of composition.

voiced /vɔɪst/ adj
dengdar
(phonetics) Sounded with vibration of the vocal cords. For example, the phone [z] is voiced, while [s] is unvoiced.

voiceless /ˈvɔɪsləs/ adj
bêdeng
(phonetics, of a consonant or vowel) Spoken without vibration of the vocal cords; unvoiced, surd, breathed. Examples: [t], [s], [f], [m̥], [u̥].

void /vɔɪd/ adj
vala
Containing nothing; empty; not occupied or filled.
به‌تاڵ
Having no incumbent; unoccupied; said of offices etc.

void /vɔɪd/ n
vala
An empty space; a vacuum.
valahî
(astronomy) An extended region of space containing no galaxies.

volcano /vɑl.ˈkeɪ.noʊ/ /vɒl.ˈkeɪ.nəʊ/ /vɒl.ˈkɑː.nəʊ/ /vɔl.ˈkeɪ.noʊ/ n
volkan
A vent or fissure on the surface of a planet (usually in a mountainous form) with a magma chamber attached to the mantle of a planet or moon, periodically erupting forth lava and volcanic gases onto the surface.

volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔ(ː)l/ n
voleybol
(uncountable) A game played on a rectangular court between two teams of two to six players which involves striking a ball back and forth over a net.
(countable) The inflated ball used in such a game.

volt /voʊlt/ /vɒlt/ /vəʊlt/ n
volt
In the International System of Units, the derived unit of electrical potential and electromotive force (voltage); the potential difference across a conductor when a current of one ampere uses one watt of power. Symbol: V

volume /ˈvɑl.jum/ /ˈvɑl.jəm/ /ˈvɒl.juːm/ /ˈvɒl.jʊm/ /ˈvɒlɪu̯m/ n
qebare
A three-dimensional measure of space that comprises a length, a width and a height. It is measured in units of cubic centimeters in metric, cubic inches or cubic feet in English measurement.
deng
Strength of sound; loudness.

volunteering n
bidilêxwetî
The act of voluntarily giving time and labor for charity or community service.

vomit /ˈvɑmɪt/ /ˈvɒmɪt/ v
hilavêtin
(intransitive) To regurgitate or eject the contents of the stomach through the mouth; puke.

vortex /ˈvɔɹtɛks/ n
gêjik
A whirlwind, whirlpool, or similarly moving matter in the form of a spiral or column.

vote /voʊt/ /vəʊt/ n
rayavêtin
a formalized choice on legally relevant measures such as employment or appointment to office or a proceeding about a legal dispute.
deng
an act or instance of participating in such a choice, e.g., by submitting a ballot

vouch for v
berî
(idiomatic) To affirm the truth or reliability of.

voucher /ˈvaʊt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
qenc
A piece of paper or other token that entitles the holder to a discount, or that can be exchanged for goods and services.

vow /vaʊ/ n
qesem
A declaration or assertion.

vow /vaʊ/ v
sond xwarin
(ambitransitive) To make a vow; to promise.

vowel /vaʊl/ /ˈvaʊ.əl/ n
dengdar
(phonetics) A sound produced by the vocal cords with relatively little restriction of the oral cavity, forming the prominent sound of a syllable.
(orthography) A letter representing the sound of a vowel; in English, the vowels are a, e, i, o, u, y.

voyage /ˈvɔɪ.ɪd͡ʒ/ n
ger
A long journey, especially by ship.

vulpine /ˈvʌlpaɪn/ adj
رێوی
Pertaining to a fox.

vulture /ˈvʌltʃə/ /ˈvʌlt͡ʃɚ/ n
هه‌ڵۆ
Any of several carrion-eating birds of the families Accipitridae and Cathartidae.

vulva /ˈvʌlvə/ n
vûlva
(anatomy) The external female sexual organs of humans and other mammals, which includes the clitoris, labia, and vulval vestibule.

wag /wæɡ/ v
sallamak
(intransitive, mostly, obsolete) To go; to proceed; to move; to progress.

wage /weɪd͡ʒ/ n
meaş
(often in plural) An amount of money paid to a worker for a specified quantity of work, usually calculated on an hourly basis and expressed in an amount of money per hour.

wagon /ˈwæɡ(ə)n/ /ˈwæɡən/ /ˈwæːɡən/ n
diwêrê
Short for dinner wagon (“set of light shelves mounted on castors so that it can be pushed around a dining room and used for serving”).
(slang) Short for paddy wagon (“police van for transporting prisoners”).

wail /weɪl/ [weɪɫ] n
gazin
A prolonged cry, usually high-pitched, especially as of grief or anguish. [from 15th c.]

wail /weɪl/ [weɪɫ] v
girîn
(transitive) To lament; to bewail; to grieve over.

waist /weɪst/ n
navteng
(anatomy) The part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach.

waistband /ˈweɪstˌbænd/ [ˈweɪst.ˌbænd] n
navteng
A band of fabric encircling the waist, especially a part of a pair of pants or a skirt.

waistcoat /ˈweɪs(t)kəʊt/ /ˈwɛskət/ n
êlek
(chiefly, British) A sleeveless, collarless garment worn over a shirt and under a suit jacket.

wait /weɪt/ [weɪ̯ʔt] v
sekinîn
(intransitive) To delay movement or action until some event or time; to remain neglected or in readiness.

wake /weɪk/ /weːk/ v
ji xewê rabûn
(transitive) (often followed by up) To make somebody stop sleeping; to rouse from sleep.

wake up /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ [ˌweɪˈkʌp] v
hişyar bûn
(intransitive) To stop sleeping; to awake.
(intransitive) To become more aware of a real-life situation; to concentrate on the matter in hand.
ji xewê rabûn
(transitive) To awaken somebody.

walk /woːk/ /wɑk/ /wɔk/ /wɔːk/ n
rêç
A path, sidewalk/pavement or other maintained place on which to walk.

walk /woːk/ /wɑk/ /wɔk/ /wɔːk/ v
meşîn
(intransitive) To move on the feet by alternately setting each foot (or pair or group of feet, in the case of animals with four or more feet) forward, with at least one foot on the ground at all times. Compare run.
(transitive) To travel (a distance) by walking.

walk of life n
meslek
(idiomatic) An occupation, role, social class, or lifestyle.

walkie-talkie n
bêtêl
A portable, bidirectional radio transceiver, usually one of a pair.

walking stick n
alîkariya ji xelkê
A tool, such as a cane, used to ease pressure on the legs, and to aid stability, when walking.

wall /wɑl/ /wɔl/ /wɔːl/ n
dîwar
A structure built for defense surrounding a city, castle etc.
Each of the substantial structures acting either as the exterior of or divisions within a structure.
(anatomy, zoology, botany) A dividing or containing structure in an organ or cavity.

wallet /ˈwɑlət/ /ˈwɒlɪt/ /ˈwɔlət/ n
cizdan
(US, UK) A small case, often flat and often made of leather, for keeping money (especially paper money), credit cards, etc.

wallpaper n
kaxizê dîwaran
(uncountable) Decorative paper-like material used to cover the inner walls of buildings.

walnut /ˈwɑlnət/ /ˈwɑlˌnʌt/ /ˈwɔlnət/ /ˈwɔlˌnʌt/ /ˈwɔːlnʌt/ n
gûz
A nut of the walnut tree.

waltz /wɑlts/ /wɒlts/ /wɔlts/ /wɔːlts/ n
vals
A ballroom dance in 3/4 time.
A piece of music for this dance (or in triple time).

wander /ˈwɑndɚ/ /ˈwɒndə/ /ˈwʊndə/ /ˈwʌndə/ v
gerîn

wanderer /ˈwɑndəɹɚ/ /ˈwɒndəɹə/ n
koçer
One who wanders, who travels aimlessly.

wank /wæŋk/ n
destperkî
(countable, slang, vulgar) An act of masturbation.

wank /wæŋk/ v
ka
(transitive, slang, vulgar) To masturbate; to give a hand job to.

want /wɐnt/ /wɑnt/ /wɒnt/ /wɔnt/ /wʌnt/ n
daxwaz
(countable) A desire, wish, longing.

want /wɐnt/ /wɑnt/ /wɒnt/ /wɔnt/ /wʌnt/ v
xwestin
(intransitive) To desire (to experience desire); to wish.

waqf /wɑkf/ n
weqf
An endowment of land, in certain Islamic countries, given for religious or charitable purposes.

war /wɑɹ/ /wɔɹ/ /wɔː/ n
ceng şerr
(uncountable) Organized, large-scale, armed conflict between countries or between national, ethnic, or other sizeable groups, usually but not always involving active engagement of military forces.
(crime) A prolonged conflict between two groups of organized criminals, usually over organizational or territorial control.

warbler /ˈwɔː(ɹ)blə(ɹ)/ n
çivîkên şeytanok
Any of various small passerine songbirds, especially of the family Sylviidae (Old World warblers) and Parulidae (New World warblers).

ward /wɔɹd/ /wɔːd/ n
xane
A section or subdivision of a prison.
باڵ
(Mormonism) A subdivision of the LDS Church, smaller than and part of a stake, but larger than a branch.

wardrobe /ˈwɔɹdɹoʊb/ /ˈwɔːdɹəʊb/ n
کابینه‌ت
A movable cupboard or cabinet designed for storing clothes, particularly as a large piece of bedroom furniture.

warehouse /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/ n
antrepo
A place for storing large amounts of products. In logistics, a place where products go to from the manufacturer before going to the retailer.

warfare /ˈwɔɹfɛɹ/ /ˈwɔːfɛə/ n
şer
ceng
The waging of war or armed conflict against an enemy.
Military operations of some particular kind e.g. guerrilla warfare.

warm /wɔɹm/ /wɔːm/ adj
germ
Of a somewhat high temperature.

warm up v
germ kirin
(transitive) To heat or reheat (e.g. food).

warmth /wɔɹmθ/ /wɔːmθ/ n
گه‌رما
A moderate degree of heat; the sensation of being warm.
germahî
Friendliness, kindness or affection.
(arts) The effect of using mostly red and yellow hues.

warn /wɔɹn/ /wɔːn/ v
hişarkirin
(transitive) To make (someone) aware of (something impending); especially:
(transitive) To make (someone) aware of impending danger, evil, etc. [from 11th c.]

warning /ˈwɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ interjection
hişyarî
Used to warn of danger in signs and notices.

warning /ˈwɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ n
hişyarî
The action of the verb warn; an instance of warning someone.
Something spoken or written that is intended to warn.

warranted adj
biewletî
Authorized with a warrant.

warren /ˈwɒɹən/ /ˈwɔɹən/ n
morîstan
(figuratively) A mazelike place of passages and/or rooms in which it's easy to lose oneself; especially one that may be overcrowded.
A place legally authorized for the keeping, breeding and hunting of beasts of warren, especially rabbits.

warrior /ˈwɑɹ.i.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɑɹjə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɒɹ.i.ə/ /ˈwɔɹ.i.ɚ/ /ˈwɔɹjɚ/ n
cengawer
A person who is actively engaged in battle, conflict or warfare; a soldier or combatant.

warship /ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/ /ˈwɔːˌʃɪp/ n
keştîceng
Any ship built or armed for naval combat.

wart /wɔɹt/ /wɔːt/ n
balûk
(pathology) A type of deformed growth occurring on the skin caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).

wary /ˈwɛə.ɹi/ /ˈwɛɚ.i/ adj
bala xwe dan
Cautious of danger; carefully watching and guarding against deception, trickery, and dangers; suspiciously prudent

wash /wæʃ/ /wɑʃ/ /wɒʃ/ /wɔɹʃ/ /wɔʃ/ n
ab
A lotion or other liquid with medicinal or hygienic properties.

wash /wæʃ/ /wɑʃ/ /wɒʃ/ /wɔɹʃ/ /wɔʃ/ v
şûştin
To clean with water.
(transitive) To cover with water or any liquid; to wet; to fall on and moisten.

wash up v
şûştin
(US, intransitive) To wash one's hands and/or face, often around mealtimes.

washbasin n
destavxane
A basin used for washing, (now) particularly a permanently installed sink, fitted with a water supply and a drain, for washing the hands and face.

washbowl n
destavxane
A sink in a bathroom, connected to a supply of water and a drain, in which one may wash one's face and hands.
A basin for washing the face and hands; a washbasin.

wasp /waps/ /wæsp/ /wɑsp/ /wɒsp/ n
moz
Any of many types of stinging flying insect resembling a hornet.

waste /weɪst/ n
qilêr
Excess of material, useless by-products, or damaged, unsaleable products; garbage; rubbish.

waste /weɪst/ v
zêha kirin
(transitive) To wear away by degrees; to impair gradually; to deteriorate; to diminish by constant loss; to use up; to consume; to spend; to wear out.

waste time v
wextê xwe pê derbas kirin
To allow time to elapse in an unproductive manner.

wasteland /ˈweɪs(t)ˌland/ /ˈweɪs(t)ˌlænd/ /ˈweɪs(t)ˌlənd/ /ˈwæes(t)ˌlɘnd/ /ˈwæes(t)ˌlɛnd/ n
beyaban
A place with no remaining resources; a desert.

watch /ˈwɑt͡ʃ/ /ˈwɒt͡ʃ/ /ˈwɔt͡ʃ/ n
demjimêr
A portable or wearable timepiece.

watch /ˈwɑt͡ʃ/ /ˈwɒt͡ʃ/ /ˈwɔt͡ʃ/ v
ته‌مه‌شاکردن
(ambitransitive) To look at, see, or view for a period of time.
bala xwe dan
(transitive) To be wary or cautious of.
(transitive) To attend to dangers to or regarding.

watchword /ˈwɒt͡ʃwɜː(ɹ)d/ n
şîfre
(military, security) A prearranged reply to the challenge of a sentry or a guard; a password or signal by which friends can be known from enemies.

water /ˈwoːtə/ /ˈwætə/ /ˈwɑtəɹ/ /ˈwɒtə/ /ˈwɒtəɹ/ /ˈwɔtə/ /ˈwɔtər/ /ˈwɔtəɹ/ /ˈwɔɹtəɹ/ /ˈwɔːtə/ /ˈwɔːtəɹ/ /ˈwʊtəɹ/ [wo̞ːtʰə] [wo̞ːʔə] [wɔːʔəɹ] [ˈwatə] [ˈwaɾɚ] [ˈwaːʈər(ɯ)] [ˈwoʊʔə] [ˈwoːtə] [ˈwoːɾə] [ˈwoːʔɐ] [ˈwoːʔə] [ˈwɑɾɚ] [ˈwɒːθ̠ɚ] [ˈwɔoɾɐ] [ˈwɔtər] [ˈwɔəɾə] [ˈwɔəɾɚ] [ˈwɔɹɾɚ] [ˈwɔɾɚ] [ˈwɔʈə(r)] [ˈwʊɾɚ] [ˈʋaːʈər(ɯ)] [ˈʋɔʈə(r)] n
av ab
(uncountable, in particular) The liquid form of this substance: liquid H2O.
(countable) A serving of liquid water.
(alchemy, philosophy) The aforementioned liquid, considered one of the Classical elements or basic elements of alchemy.
av
(poetic, archaic, or, dialectal) A body of water, almost always a river, sometimes a lake or reservoir, especially in the names given to such bodies.
Urine. [from 15th c.]

water dropwort n
mezad
Any of genus Oenanthe, plants in the family Apiaceae that grows in moist soils or in water, one species of which (Oenanthe javanica) is used in cuisines throughout eastern Asia, others of which are extremely poisonous.

water lily n
gulsozan
Any of various members of the Nymphaeaceae family that are tuberous plants, rooted in soil with leaves (lily pads) and flowers floating on the water surface.

water pipe n
nargîle
A device for smoking, such as a hookah or bong, in which the smoke is drawn through a container of water before inhaling.

water tap n
devgir
A spout connected to a socket to provide water from the main water supply.

water vapor n
bixar
Steam.

watermelon /ˈwɑtɚˌmɛlən/ /ˈwɔtɚˌmɛlən/ /ˈwɔːtəˌmɛlən/ n
zebeş
A plant of the species Citrullus lanatus, bearing a melon-like fruit.

wave /weɪv/ n
pêl
A moving disturbance in the level of a body of liquid; an undulation.

wavelength /ˈweɪvlɛŋ(k)θ/ /ˈweɪvˌlɛŋ(k)θ/ n
dirêjiya pêlê
(physics) The length of a single cycle of a wave, as measured by the distance between one peak or trough of a wave and the next; it is often designated in physics as λ, and corresponds to the velocity of the wave divided by its frequency.

wavy /ˈweɪvi/ adj
bipêl
Full of waves.
Moving to and fro; undulating.
Having wave-like shapes on its border or surface; waved.

wax /wæks/ /wɛks/ n
şima
Any oily, water-resistant, solid or semisolid substance; normally long-chain hydrocarbons, alcohols or esters.

way /weɪ/ n
rê
A road, a direction, a (physical or conceptual) path from one place to another.
A method or manner of doing something; a mannerism.
rêç
A means to enter or leave a place.
A roughly-defined geographical area.
Determined course; resolved mode of action or conduct.
جۆر
A state or condition
Possibility (usually in the phrases 'any way' and 'no way').
A degree, an amount, a sense.

way in /weɪ ˈɪn/ n
ketin
an entrance

way too adv
hevîr
All too, much too; to a degree that is very excessive.

we /wi/ /wiː/ pronoun
em me
(personal) The speakers/writers, or the speaker/writer and at least one other person (not the person being addressed). (This is the exclusive we.)

weak /wiːk/ adj
zeîfî
Lacking in force (usually strength) or ability.

weaken /ˈwikən/ v
nerm kirin
(transitive) To make weaker or less strong.

wealth /wɛlθ/ [wɛl̪θ] n
dewlemendî
(uncountable, economics) Riches; a great amount of valuable assets or material possessions.
adanî
(countable) A great amount; an abundance or plenty.

wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/ adj
mişe
Abundant in quality or quantity; profuse.

weapon /ˈwiːp.ən/ /ˈwɛp.ən/ n
sîleh çek
An instrument of attack or defense in combat or hunting, e.g. most guns, missiles, or swords; arm.

weaponry n
sîleh
Weapons, collectively

wear /wɛ(ə)ɹ/ /wɛə(ɹ)/ [wɛɚ] [wɛɹ] v
nikandin
(nautical) To bring (a sailing vessel) onto the other tack by bringing the wind around the stern (as opposed to tacking when the wind is brought around the bow); to come round on another tack by turning away from the wind. Also written "ware". Past: weared, or wore/worn.

weather /ˈwɛð.ə/ /ˈwɛð.ɚ/ n
hewa
The short term state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, including the temperature, relative humidity, cloud cover, precipitation, wind, etc.

weave /wiːv/ v
uye
To form something by passing lengths or strands of material over and under one another.
To spin a cocoon or a web.

weaver /ˈwi.vɚ/ /ˈwiː.və(ɹ)/ n
tevnker
A person who weaves; especially, one who weaves cloth for a living.

web /wɛb/ n
tor
(by extension) Any interconnected set of persons, places, or things, which, when diagrammed, resembles a spider's web.
girfan
(baseball) The part of a baseball mitt between the forefinger and thumb, the webbing.
The series of barbs implanted on each side of the shaft of a feather, whether stiff and united together by barbules, as in ordinary feathers, or soft and separate, as in downy feathers.

web /wɛb/ pn
tor
the World Wide Web.

web browser /wɛb.bɹaʊ.zə(ɹ)/ n
gerok
(Internet) A computer program used to navigate the World Wide Web, chiefly by viewing web pages and following hyperlinks.

web page n
malper
A single hypertext document (transmitted as HTML) on the World Wide Web, often hyperlinked to others, and intended to be viewed with a web browser.

website /ˈwɛbˌsaɪt/ n
malper
(Internet) A collection of interlinked web pages on the World Wide Web that are typically accessible from the same base URL and reside on the same server.

wed /ˈwɛd/ v
jin kirin
(transitive) To perform the marriage ceremony for; to join in matrimony.

wedding /ˈwɛdɪŋ/ n
dawet
Marriage ceremony; ritual officially celebrating the beginning of a marriage.

wedge /wɛd͡ʒ/ n
par
A piece (of food, metal, wood etc.) having this shape.

wee /wiː/ adj
بچووک
(Scotland, Ireland, North England, NZ, Ottawa Valley, Mid-Ulster English) Small, little.

wee /wiː/ n
mîz

wee-wee v
mîz kirin

weed /wiːd/ n
ewr
(countable) Any plant unwanted at the place where and at the time when it is growing.
A drug or the like made from the leaves of a plant.

week /wik/ /wiːk/ n
hefte
A period of seven days beginning with Sunday or Monday.
A subdivision of the month into longer periods of work days punctuated by shorter weekend periods of days for markets, rest, or religious observation such as a sabbath.

weekly /wiːk.li/ adj
heftename
Happening once a week, or every week.

weep /wiːp/ v
girîn
To cry; to shed tears, especially when accompanied with sobbing or other difficulty speaking, as an expression of emotion such as sadness or joy.

weigh /weɪ/ v
kişandin
(transitive) To determine the weight of an object.
(intransitive) To have weight; to be heavy; to press down.
hatin
(transitive, stative) To have a certain weight.

weight /weɪt/ n
giranî
The force an object exerts on the object it is on due to gravitation.
(weightlifting) An object, such as a weight plate or barbell, used for strength training.
(measurement) Mass (net weight, troy weight, carat weight, etc.).

weird /ˈwiɚd/ /ˈwiːə(ɹ)d/ /ˈwɪə(ɹ)d/ /ˈwɪɚd/ adj
ecêb
Having an unusually strange character or behaviour.
Deviating from the normal; bizarre.

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ adj
bi xêr bên
Whose arrival is a cause of joy; received with gladness; admitted willingly to the house, entertainment, or company.

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ interjection
bi xêr bên
Greeting given upon someone's arrival.

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ n
bi xêr hatin
The act of greeting someone’s arrival, especially by saying "Welcome!"; reception.
The utterance of such a greeting.

welfare /ˈwɛlˌfɛə/ /ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/ n
alîkariya civakî
(uncountable, chiefly, _, US) Various forms of financial aid provided by the government to those who are in need of it.

well /wel/ /wəl/ /wɛl/ adj
baş
In good health.

well /wel/ /wəl/ /wɛl/ adv
baş
(manner) Accurately, competently, satisfactorily.
(degree) To a significant degree.

well /wel/ /wəl/ /wɛl/ interjection
nexwe
Used to acknowledge a statement or situation.
ewk
Used in speech to fill gaps, particularly at the beginning of a response to a question; filled pause.

well /wel/ /wəl/ /wɛl/ n
bêrim
A hole sunk into the ground as a source of water, oil, natural gas or other fluids.
(figurative) A source of supply.
enextar
A place where a liquid such as water surfaces naturally; a spring.
xwînborî
(biology) In a microtiter plate, each of the small equal circular or square sections which serve as test tubes.

well done adj
ده‌س خۆش
(idiomatic) Performed well.

well-being /wɛlˈbiː.ɪŋ/ n
saxlemî
A state of health, happiness or prosperity.

well-known /ˌwɛlˈnoʊn/ /ˌwɛlˈnəʊn/ adj
binbar birêz navdar
Familiar, famous, renowned or widely known.

well-to-do /ˌwɛltəˈdu/ adj
dewlemend
Rich, prosperous, financially stable and comfortable.

wench /wɛnt͡ʃ/ n
keç
(archaic, now, dialectal, or, humorous, possibly, offensive) A girl or young woman, especially a buxom or lively one.

wend /wɛnd/ v
araste bûn
(transitive) To direct (one's way or course); pursue one's way; proceed upon some course or way.

were- /weə(ɹ)/ prefix
مرۆڤ
lycanthrope, used with animal names to indicate a person who changes shape into that animal.

west /wɛst/ n
rojava
The direction opposite to that of the earth's rotation, specifically 270°.
The western region or area; the inhabitants thereof. [circa 1300]
(ecclesiastical) In a church: the direction of the gallery, opposite to the altar, and opposite to the direction faced by the priest when celebrating ad orientem.

west-northwest n
rojava-bakurê rojava
The compass point halfway between west and northwest; specifically at a bearing of 292.5°.

west-southwest n
rojava-başûrê rojava
The compass point halfway between southwest and west; specifically at a bearing of 247.5°.

western /ˈwɛstən/ /ˈwɛstɚn/ adj
rojava
Of, facing, situated in, or related to the west.
(of a wind) Blowing from the west; westerly.

western cattle egret n
teyrikê garanê
Bubulcus ibis is a species of heron (family Ardeidae) found in the tropics, subtropics and warm temperate zones.

wet /wɛt/ v
şil kirin
(transitive) To cover or impregnate with liquid.

wetland n
avevek
(usually, in the plural) Land that is covered mostly with water, with occasional marshy and soggy areas.

whale /weɪl/ /ʍeɪl/ n
balîna hûf
Any one of numerous large marine mammals comprising an informal group within infraorder Cetacea that usually excludes dolphins and porpoises.

wharf /wɔɹf/ /wɔːf/ /ʍ-/ n
rixtim
A man-made landing place for ships on a shore or river bank.

what /wɑt/ /wɑt/<a:sometimes also in <<GA>>> /wɒt/ [wɒʔ(t)]<a:glottalized> /wɔt/ /wɜt/ /wʌt/ /ʍɒt/ /ʍʌt/ [wä(ː)t̚˨˩] [wʌɾ] [wʌˀ] pronoun
çi
(fused relative) Anything that; all that; whatever.

what about adv
û
Used to ask someone to consider something or someone that they have apparently not considered.
To repeat a question but referring to a different subject or object.

what for adv
bo çi
(colloquial) For what reason; why.

what is more adv
ji bilî wilo
(idiomatic) furthermore, or in addition, moreover.

what's done is done proverb
tiştê çû nede dû

wheat /wiːt/ /ʍiːt/ n
genim
(countable) Any of several cereal grains, of the genus Triticum, that yields flour as used in bakery.

when /wɛn/ /wɪn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ adv
kengî
(interrogative) At what time? At which time? Upon which occasion or circumstance? Used to introduce direct or indirect questions about time.

when /wɛn/ /wɪn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ conjunction
kengî
At (or as soon as) that time that; at the (or any and every) time that; if.

when it comes to preposition
دان

where /wɛə/ /wɛɚ/ /ʍɛə/ /ʍɛɚ/ adv
cihê
Interrogative adverb, used in either a direct or indirect question: in, at or to what place.
(fused relative) The place in, at or to which.
kû
In what situation.

where /wɛə/ /wɛɚ/ /ʍɛə/ /ʍɛɚ/ conjunction
cihê
In, at or to which place or situation.
In a position, case, etc. in which; if.

where /wɛə/ /wɛɚ/ /ʍɛə/ /ʍɛɚ/ n
cihê
The place in which something happens.

whereby /wɛə(ɹ)ˈbaɪ/ adv
alîkarî
By which.

wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/ /wɛəˈɹɛvə/ conjunction
kû
In, at or to any place (that); anywhere.

whether /ˈwɛðə(ɹ)/ /ˈʍɛðə(ɹ)/ conjunction
[[مێشوله‌]]
Without a correlative, introduces a simple indirect question.
Introduces a disjunctive adverbial clause qualifying the main clause (with correlative or).

whetstone /wɛtstəʊn/ /ˈwɛtˌstoʊn/ /ˈʍɛtˌstoʊn/ [ˈwɛʔˌstoʊn] [ˈʍɛʔˌstoʊn] n
hesan
A sharpening stone; a hard stone or piece of synthetically bonded hard minerals that has been formed with at least one flat surface, used to sharpen or hone an edged tool.

which /wɪt͡ʃ/ /ʍɪt͡ʃ/ pronoun
bila
(mostly, archaic) Used of people (now generally who, whom, that; which remains possible with words also referred to by it such as baby, child).

whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/ /ʍɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/ determiner
hema ji yekî

whiff /(h)wɪf/ n
هه‌ناسه‌
A brief, gentle breeze; a light gust of air; a waft.

whimsical /ˈwɪmzɪkəl/ adj
ecêb
Given to whimsy.

whip /wɪp/ /ʍɪp/ n
qarmîçe
A lash; a pliant, flexible instrument, such as a rod (commonly of cane or rattan) or a plaited or braided rope or thong (commonly of leather) used to create a sharp "crack" sound for directing or herding animals.

whipping boy n
کۆتر
(transferred sense) Someone punished for the errors of others.

whirlpool /ˈhwɝlpul/ /ˈwɜːlpuːl/ /ˈwɝlpul/ n
gêjik
A swirling body of water.

whirlwind /ˈ(h)wɝlwɪnd/ /ˈwɜːlwɪnd/ n
bablîsok
A violent windstorm of limited extent, as the tornado, characterized by an inward spiral motion of the air with an upward current in the center; a vortex of air. It usually has a rapid progressive motion.

whirlybird n
mûz
(slang) A helicopter.

whisker /wɪskə(ɹ)/ /ʍɪskə(ɹ)/ n
simêl
One of the long, projecting hairs growing at the sides of the mouth of a cat, or other animal.

whisper /ˈ(h)wɪspə/ /ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/ v
piste-pist
(transitive, obsolete) To address in a whisper, or low voice.

white /waɪt/ /ʍaɪt/ adj
spî
Bright and colourless; reflecting equal quantities of all frequencies of visible light.

white /waɪt/ /ʍaɪt/ n
spî
The color/colour of snow or milk; the colour of light containing equal amounts of all visible wavelengths.

white blood cell n
xiroka spî
(hematology, cytology, immunology) A type of blood cell that is involved with an immune response, or part of the immune system.

white cabbage n
kelem
(countable, uncountable) Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba, a cabbage plant with white leaves grown in northern and central Europe.

white coffee n
findiq
(uncountable) Coffee (the drink) with milk added.

white stork /waɪt stɔɹk/ /waɪt stɔːk/ n
legleg
A large wading bird, of species Ciconia ciconia, that winters in Africa and breeds in Europe; in European folklore, it delivers babies.

white-nosed coati n
kurbeşk
A common species of coati (Nasua narica), native to many wooded areas of the Americas.

whiteboard /ˈwaɪtbɔɹd/ /ˈwaɪtbɔːd/ n
texte
(by extension, computing) A collaborative tool allowing several users to write and draw on the same shared display.

whitening /ˈhwaɪtnɪŋ/ /ˈhwaɪtn̩ɪŋ/ /ˈwaɪtnɪŋ/ /ˈwaɪtn̩ɪŋ/ n
gewrkirin
The process of making something white or whiter.

whitewash /ˈwaɪt.wɑʃ/ /ˈwaɪt.wɒʃ/ /ˈwɐɪt.wɑʃ/ v
داپۆشه
(transitive, figurative) To cover over errors or bad actions.

whither /ˈwɪðə/ /ˈwɪðəɹ/ /ˈʍɪðə/ /ˈʍɪðəɹ/ adv
kû
(generally) In or to any place to which; to whatever place; wherever.
To which place; also (after a noun denoting a place) to which.

whiting /ˈwaɪtɪŋ/ /ˈʍaɪtɪŋ/ n
cure masiyek
A fish, Merlangius merlangus (family Gadidae), similar to cod, found in the North Atlantic; English whiting (US).

whittle /ˈwɪtəl/ /ˈʍɪtəl/ n
kêr
A knife; especially, a clasp knife, pocket knife, or sheath knife.

who /hu/ /huː/ pronoun
kî
(fused relative, archaic, or, marginal) Whoever, he who, they who.

wholesome /ˈhol.səm/ adj
tendurist
Promoting good physical health and well-being.
sûdbexş
Marked by wholeness; sound and healthy.

whom /huːm/ pronoun
bila
As the object of a preposition.
As the object of a verb.
(relative) Used to refer to a previously mentioned person or people.
(fused relative, archaic, _, outside set patterns) The person(s) whom; whomever.
kî
(interrogative) What person or people; which person or people.

whooping cough /ˈhuːpɪŋ ˌkɒf/ /ˈhuːpɪŋ ˌkɔf/ /ˈhuːpɪŋ ˌkɔːf/ /ˈwʊpɪŋ ˌkɔf/ n
koke reşe
(disease) A contagious disease of the respiratory system that usually affects children caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, the advanced stage of which is characterised by spasms of coughing followed by a whooping sound during the intake of breath.

whooping crane n
قۆڵه‌نگ
Grus americana, a species of crane native to North America.

whopping /ˈ(h)wɑpɪŋ/ /ˈ(h)wɒpɪŋ/ adj
زۆر چاک
(colloquial) Exceptionally great or large.

whore /ho(ː)ɹ/ /hoə/ /hoʊ/ /hɔɹ/ /hɔː/ /hʊə/ /hʊɹ/ n
aşifte

whoredom /ˈhɔːdəm/ n
cindetî
The state of being a whore, prostitution; sexual indulgence, fornication. [from 12th c.]

why /waɪ/ /ʍaɪ/ adv
çimkî
çima
(interrogative) For what cause, reason, or purpose.

why /waɪ/ /ʍaɪ/ n
bo çi
Reason.

wick /wɪk/ n
dil
A bundle, twist, braid, or woven strip of cord, fabric, fibre, or other porous material in a candle, oil lamp, kerosene heater, or the like, that draws up liquid fuel, such as melted tallow, wax, or the oil, delivering it to the base of the flame for conversion to gases and burning; any other length of material burned for illumination in small successive portions.

wide /waɪd/ /wɑed/ adj
fire
Having a large physical extent from side to side.

widespread /ˈwaɪdˌspɹɛd/ /ˌwaɪdˈspɹɛd/ adj
fire
Affecting, or found throughout, a large area (e.g. the entire land or body); broad in extent; widely diffused.

widget /ˈwɪd͡ʒ.ɪt/ n
partîkul
(GUI) Any one of the components of a computer application's graphical user interface, such as a Cancel button or text input box that a user interacts with.

widow /ˈwɪd.oʊ/ /ˈwɪd.əʊ/ n
jinebî
A woman whose spouse has died (and who has not remarried); a woman in relation to her late spouse; feminine of widower.

widowed adj
mêrebî
(of a previously married person) Whose spouse has died or is gone missing; who has become a widow or widower.

widower /ˈwɪdoʊɚ/ n
mêrebî
A man whose spouse has died (and who has not remarried); a man in relation to his late spouse; masculine of widow. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]

wienie n
penîs
(North America, informal) A wiener sausage. [from 20th c.]
(North America, informal) The penis. [from 20th c.]

wife /waɪf/ n
afret
A married woman, especially in relation to her spouse.

wight /waɪt/ n
mirov
(archaic) A living creature, especially a human being.

wiki /ˈwiːki/ /ˈwɪki/ n
wîkî
A collaborative website which can be directly edited merely by using a web browser, often by anyone who has access to it.

wild /waɪld/ [waɪ̯ɫd] [ˈwaɪ̯.ɫ̩d] adj
kûvî
Untamed; not domesticated; specifically, in an unbroken line of undomesticated animals (as opposed to feral, referring to undomesticated animals whose ancestors were domesticated).

wild boar /ˈwaɪld ˈboɹ/ /ˈwaɪld ˈbɔː/ n
beraz
A wild swine native to Eurasia and North Africa (Sus scrofa), now widely distributed elsewhere and ancestor of most domestic pig breeds.

wild cherry n
gêlaz
An uncultivated cherry tree of species Prunus avium, native to Europe and western Asia.

wild turkey n
elok
A large gamebird, Meleagris gallopavo, native to North America.

wildcat /ˈwaɪ.əldˌkæt/ /ˈwaɪldˌkæt/ [ˈwaɪ.əlʔˌkæt] n
pisîka kovî
(UK) Felis silvestris, a common small Old World wild cat somewhat larger than a house cat.

wilderness /-nɪs/ /ˈwɪldənəs/ /ˈwɪldɚnəs/ n
qirr
(uncountable) Uncultivated and unsettled land in its natural state inhabited by wild animals and with vegetation growing wild; (countable) a tract of such land; a waste or wild.

will /wɪl/ [wɪo̯] [wɪɫ] [wɪʊ̯] v
daxwaz
dibistan
(auxiliary) Used to express the future tense, sometimes with an implication of volition or determination when used in the first person. Compare shall. [from 10th c.]

willingness /ˈwɪlɪŋnəs/ n
bidilêxwetî
The state of being willing

willow /ˈwɪl.əʊ/ /ˈwɪloʊ/ n
bî
The wood of these trees.

wilt /wɪlt/ v
westîn
(transitive) To cause to fatigue; to exhaust.

win /wɪn/ n
kar
An individual victory.
fayîde
(obsolete) Gain; profit; income.

wind /waɪnd/ /wɪnd/ n
ba
(countable, uncountable) Real or perceived movement of atmospheric air usually caused by convection or differences in air pressure.
(philosophy, alchemy) One of the four elements of the ancient Greeks and Romans; air.

wind /waɪnd/ /wɪnd/ v
ba
(transitive) To blow air through a wind instrument or horn to make a sound.

windfall /ˈwɪnd.fo(ː)l/ /ˈwɪnd.fɑl/ /ˈwɪnd.fɔl/ /ˈwɪnd.fɔːl/ n
teyrikê dewletê
(figuratively) A sudden large benefit; especially, a sudden or unexpected large amount of money, as from lottery or sweepstakes winnings or an unexpected inheritance or gift.

window /ˈwɪndoʊ/ /ˈwɪndə/ /ˈwɪndəʊ/ n
pencere
An opening, usually covered by one or more panes of clear glass, to allow light and air from outside to enter a building or vehicle.
(graphical user interface) A rectangular area on a computer terminal or screen containing some kind of user interface, displaying the output of and allowing input for one of a number of simultaneously running computer processes.

windpipe /ˈwɪndpaɪp/ n
borrîhewa
The trachea.

windward /ˈwɪndwə(ɹ)d/ /ˈwɪnə(ɹ)d/ adv
ba
In a direction from which the wind blows, against or towards the wind.

wine /waɪn/ n
mey
An alcoholic beverage made by fermenting grape juice, with an ABV ranging from 5.5–16%.
An alcoholic beverage made by fermenting other substances, producing a similar ABV.

wing /wi(ː)ŋ/ /wɪŋ/ n
bask
An appendage of an animal's (bird, bat, insect) body that enables it to fly.
(aviation) Part of an aircraft that produces the lift for rising into the air.
A part of something that is lesser in size than the main body, such as an extension from the main building.
A portable shelter consisting of a fabric roof on a frame, like a tent without sides.
باڵ
A faction of a political movement. Usually implies a position apart from the mainstream center position.
(sports) A position in several field games on either side of the field.

wing nut n
pelatînk
A nut with wing-like projections to provide leverage in turning with thumb and forefinger.

winger /ˈwɪŋ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɪŋ.ɚ/ n
bask
(sports) An offensive player who plays on either side of the center.

winter /ˈwɪntə/ /ˈwɪntɚ/ [ˈwɪntʰɚ] [ˈwɪnɚ] [ˈwɪɾ̃ɚ] n
zivistan zistan
Traditionally the fourth of the four seasons, typically regarded as being from December to February in continental regions of the Northern Hemisphere or the months of June, July, and August in the Southern Hemisphere. It is the time when the sun is lowest in the sky, resulting in short days, and the time of year with the lowest atmospheric temperatures for the region.

winter storm /ˈwɪntə(ɹ) stɔːm/ /ˈwɪntɚ stɔɹm/ n
bakuzîr
A meteorological event in which the dominant varieties of precipitation are forms that only occur at cold temperatures, such as snow or sleet, or a rainstorm in which ground temperatures are cold enough to allow ice to form.

wintertime n
zistan
The season of winter, between autumn and spring.

wireless /ˈwaɪ(jə)ɹ.ləs/ /ˈwaɪə.ləs/ n
bêtêl
(uncountable) The medium of radio communication.
(dated, mainly, Britain) A radio set.

wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/ n
aqil
The ability to make a decision based on the combination of knowledge, experience, and intuitive understanding.

wisdom tooth n
didanê aqilî
(dentistry) One of the four (one upper and one lower on each side) rearmost molars in humans, which typically develop between ages 18-24.

wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv
hakimane
In a wise manner; using good judgement.

wish /wɪʃ/ n
daxwaz
The thing desired or longed for.

wish /wɪʃ/ v
xwestin
(intransitive, followed by for) To hope (for a particular outcome), even if that outcome is unlikely to occur or cannot occur.
(ditransitive) To bestow (a thought or gesture) towards (someone or something).

wishbone n
çetel
A forked bone between the neck and breast of a bird consisting chiefly of the two clavicles fused at their median or lower end, regarded as a lucky charm in some countries.
(American football) A particular kind of offensive formation. See wishbone formation.
(automotive) A suspension component similar in shape to a chicken wishbone.

wit /wɪt/ n
hîş
(now, _, usually, _, in the plural) Sanity.
Intellectual ability; faculty of thinking, reasoning.
The ability to think quickly; mental cleverness, especially under short time constraints.

wit /wɪt/ v
zanîn
(ambitransitive, chiefly, archaic) Know, be aware of (constructed with of when used intransitively).

with /wəð/ /wəθ/ /wɪ/ /wɪf/ /wɪi/ /wɪt/ /wɪv/ /wɪð/ /wɪθ/ preposition
dijî
Against.
berî
In support of.

withers /ˈwɪð.əz/ /ˈwɪð.ɚz/ n
xaç
The part of the back of a four-legged animal that is between the shoulder blades; in many species the highest point of the body and the standard place to measure the animal's height. [from 1580]

within /wɪðˈɪn/ /wɪˈθɪn/ preposition
hindir
In the inner part, spatially; physically inside.

without /wɪðˈaʊt/ /wɪθˈaʊt/ [wɪðˈɐʊt] [wɪθˈɐʊt] preposition
bê
Not doing or not having done something.

witness /ˈwɪtnəs/ /ˈwɪtnɪs/ n
gewah
(countable) One who sees or has personal knowledge of something.
(countable, law) Someone called to give evidence in a court.
belge
(countable) Something that serves as evidence; a sign or token.

witness /ˈwɪtnəs/ /ˈwɪtnɪs/ v
dîtin
(transitive) To see or gain knowledge of through experience.

woe /woʊ/ /wəʊ/ n
azar
Calamity, trouble.

woebegone /ˈwoʊbɪɡɑn/ /ˈwoʊbɪɡɔn/ /ˈwəʊbɪɡɒn/ adj
tûj
Filled with or deeply affected by woe.

wolf /wʉlf/ /wʊf/ /wʊlf/ /wʌlf/ [wɫ̩f] [wʊwf] [wʊ̠ɫf] n
gur
Any of several related canines that resemble Canis lupus in appearance, especially those of the genus Canis.

wolverine /ˈwɒlvəˌɹiːn/ /ˈwʊlvəˌɹiːn/ /ˌwʊlvəˈɹiːn/ n
xwere
A solitary, fierce mammal of the Mustelidae family, Gulo gulows.

woman /ˈwoʊ.mən/ /ˈwʊm.ɘn/ /ˈwʊm.ən/ [ˈwo.mɪn] n
jin afret
A female person, usually an adult; a (generally adult) female sentient being, whether human, supernatural, elf, alien, etc.

womanhood /ˈwʊmənhʊd/ n
afret
The self-concept of a woman with respect to her possession of the various qualities traditionally and ideally ascribed to womanliness; a woman's sense or view of herself as being more or less womanly.

womb /wuːm/ n
malzarok
(anatomy) In female mammals, the organ in which the young are conceived and grow until birth; the uterus. [from 8th c.]
مه‌مک
(figuratively) A place where something is made or formed. [from 15th c.]

wonder /ˈwʌndə/ /ˈwʌndɚ/ v
pirs kirin
(transitive, intransitive) To ponder; to feel doubt and curiosity; to query in the mind.

wone /woʊn/ /wəʊn/ v
jîn
(obsolete, or, archaic, dialectal) To live, reside, stay.

woo /wuː/ v
hilawisîn
(transitive) To endeavor to gain someone's support.

wood /wʊd/ n
dar
(uncountable) The substance making up the central part of the trunk and branches of a tree. Used as a material for construction, to manufacture various items, etc. or as fuel.
Firewood.
daristan
(music) A woodwind instrument.

wooded /ˈwʊdɪd/ adj
bidar
Covered with trees.

wooden /ˈwʊdən/ adj
dar
(figuratively) As if made of wood; moving awkwardly, or speaking with dull lack of emotion.

woodland /ˈwʊd.lənd/ n
daristan
Land covered with woody vegetation.

woodwork n
merengozî
(uncountable) Working with wood.

woof /wʊf/ n
حەو
The sound a dog makes when barking; a bark.
(by extension) A sound resembling a dog's bark; specifically (sound engineering) , a low-frequency sound of bad quality produced by a loudspeaker.

woof /wʊf/ v
ewtîn
Of a person or thing: to make a sound resembling a dog's bark.

wool /wʉl/ /wʊl/ [wəl] [wɫ̩] [wʊ̠ɫ] n
hirî
The hair of the sheep, llama and some other ruminants.
A cloth or yarn made from such hair.

word /wɜːd/ /wɝd/ n
bêje peyv
The smallest unit of language that has a particular meaning and can be expressed by itself; the smallest discrete, meaningful unit of language. (contrast morpheme.)

wordplay n
paşpêşî

words /wɜːdz/ /wɝdz/ n
nivîsar
Lines in a script for a performance.

wordsmith /ˈwɜːdsmɪθ/ /ˈwɝdˌsmɪθ/ n
helbestvan
One who uses words skilfully. [from late 19th c.]

work /wøːk/ /wɜɪ̯k/ /wɜː(ɹ)k/ /wɜːk/ /wɝk/ /wɵːk/ [wœːk] [wɔːk] [wɚk] [wɛːk] [wɜːk] [wʊːɹk] n
kar
The place where one is employed.
(physics) A measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force times distance. No work is done if the object does not move.
effort expended on a particular task.
(countable) A literary, artistic, or intellectual production.
ئیش
labour, occupation, job.

work /wøːk/ /wɜɪ̯k/ /wɜː(ɹ)k/ /wɜːk/ /wɝk/ /wɵːk/ [wœːk] [wɔːk] [wɚk] [wɛːk] [wɜːk] [wʊːɹk] v
kar kirin
(intransitive) To do a specific task by employing physical or mental powers.
îş kirin
(intransitive) To function correctly; to act as intended; to achieve the goal designed for.

work of art n
berhem
A product of the fine arts; a painting, sculpture, etc.

workbench /ˈwɝk.bɛnt͡ʃ/ n
textebend
A sturdy bench or table at which manual work is done by a carpenter, machinist, etc.

worker /ˈwɜː.kə/ /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ n
کرێکار
A person who performs labor for a living, especially manual labor.
karker
A nonreproductive social insect, such as ant, bee, termite, or wasp.

workforce /ˈwɜːk.foəs/ /ˈwɜːk.fɔːs/ /ˈwɝk.fo(ː)ɹs/ /ˈwɝk.foɹs/ [ˈwɚk.fo̞ɹs] n
تایبه‌تی
All the workers employed by a specific organization or state, or on a specific project.

working day n
roja kar
Any of those days of a week on which work is done, officially Monday to Friday in many countries (even though many people work on weekends).
The part of a day in which work is done; the number of hours one must work per day for a specified wage.

workloom n
amûr
A tool or implement.

workman /ˈwɜːkmən/ /ˈwɝkmən/ n
karker
A man who labours for wages.

workplace n
kar
The place where someone works.

worktop n
mermer
(UK) A surface, usually resting on cupboards or drawers that can be used to work on. Usually in a kitchen.

world /wərld/ /wɜɹld/ /wɜːld/ /wɵːld/ [wɚːɫd] [wɵːɯ̯d̥] n
dinya cîhan
(with "the" or a plural possessive pronoun) The subjective human experience, regarded collectively; human collective existence; existence in general; the reality we live in.
(countable) A planet, especially one which is inhabited or inhabitable.
(computing) The part of an operating system distributed with the kernel, consisting of the shell and other programs.
cîhan dinya
An individual or group perspective or social setting.

world war n
şerê cîhanê
A war involving the major nations of the world.

worm /wɜːm/ /wɝm/ n
kurm
(obsolete) Any creeping or crawling animal, such as a snake, snail, or caterpillar.

wormwood /ˈwə(ɹ)m.wʊd/ /ˈwɚm.wʊd/ n
zerav
(figurative) Something that causes bitterness or affliction; a cause of mortification or vexation.

worry /ˈwɒɹi/ /ˈwəʊɹi/ /ˈwɝi/ /ˈwʌɹi/ n
dilrencî
A strong feeling of anxiety.

worry /ˈwɒɹi/ /ˈwəʊɹi/ /ˈwɝi/ /ˈwʌɹi/ v
bizdandin
(transitive) Disturb the peace of mind of; afflict with mental agitation or distress.

worsen /ˈwɜːsn̩/ /ˈwɝsn̩/ v
له‌ بار که‌وتن
(transitive) To make worse; to impair.
(intransitive) To become worse; to get worse.

worth /wɜːθ/ /wɝθ/ n
nirx
(countable) Value.

worthless /ˈwɜːθləs/ /ˈwɝθləs/ /ˈwɝθlɪs/ adj
bênirxî
Having no worth or use; without value.

worthwhile /wɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/ /wɜː(ɹ)θˈʍaɪl/ adj
kêrhatî
Good and important enough to spend time, effort, or money on.

would /wuːld/ /wəd/ /wʊd/ /wʊld/ /əd/ v
karîn
Used interrogatively to express a polite request; are (you) willing to …? [from 15th c.]

wound /waʊnd/ /wund/ /wuːnd/ /wyːnd/ n
birîn
An injury, such as a cut, stab, or tear, to a (usually external) part of the body.
(figuratively) A hurt to a person's feelings, reputation, prospects, etc.
(criminal, _, legal) An injury to a person by which the skin is divided or its continuity broken.

wound /waʊnd/ /wund/ /wuːnd/ /wyːnd/ v
birrîn
(transitive) To hurt or injure (someone) by cutting, piercing, or tearing the skin.

woven /ˈwoʊvən/ /ˈwəʊvən/ adj
tevînek
Fabricated by weaving.

wrap /ɹæp/ /ɹɒp/ n
balûle
A type of food consisting of various ingredients wrapped in a tortilla or pancake.

wrap /ɹæp/ /ɹɒp/ v
pêçan
(transitive) To enclose or coil around an object or organism, as a form of grasping.

wrap up v
qedandin
(transitive, and, intransitive, idiomatic) To conclude or finish completely.
(transitive, idiomatic, figurative) To tie up; to make too busy to respond.

wrapping paper n
dewr
Paper used for wrapping parcels (in this case, often brown) or presents (in this case, often colourful/colorful and decorative).

wrath /ɹæθ/ /ɹɒθ/ /ɹɔːθ/ /ɹɔθ/ n
ڕق
(uncountable, formal) Great anger; (countable) an instance of this.

wreak /ɹik/ /ɹiːk/ v
standin
(transitive) To cause harm; to afflict; to inflict; to harm or injure; to let out harm.

wreck /ˈɹæk/ /ˈɹɛk/ v
ruxandin
(transitive) To involve in a wreck; hence, to cause to suffer ruin; to balk of success, and bring disaster on.

wrench /ɹɛnt͡ʃ/ n
kilîd
(US) A hand tool for making rotational adjustments, such as fitting nuts and bolts, or fitting pipes; a spanner. [from 18th c.]

wrestling /ˈɹɛs.lɪŋ/ /ˈɹɛs.l̩.ɪŋ/ n
gulaş
Ellipsis of professional wrestling (“act that emulates the sport of wrestling”).

wrist /ɹɪst/ n
zend
(anatomy) The complex joint between forearm bones, carpus, and metacarpals where the hand is attached to the arm; the carpus in a narrow sense.

wristband /ˈɹɪs(t)ˌbænd/ /ˈɹɪzbənd/ n
bazin
A band that supports a wristwatch.

write /ɹaɪt/ v
nivîsin
(transitive) To be the author of (a book, article, poem, etc.).
(transitive) To show (information, etc) in written form.
(intransitive) To be an author.
(computing, intransitive, with to) To record data mechanically or electronically.
To impress durably; to imprint; to engrave.

writer /ˈɹaɪ.tə/ /ˈɹaɪ.təɹ/ [ˈɹ̠aɪtə] [ˈɹ̠ăɪɾɚ] [ˈɹ̠ʌɪɾɚ] n
nivîskar
A person who writes, or produces literary work; an author can refer to themselves as "the writer".

writing /ˈɹaɪtɪŋ/ n
nivîs
(countable) Something written, such as a document, article or book.
(countable) A work of an author.
pîroz
(uncountable) The process of representing a language with symbols or letters.
(countable) The style of writing of a person.

writing board /ˈɹaɪtɪŋ bɔː(ɹ)d/ n
texte
A smooth vertical surface to be written upon using an erasable material, large enough for several persons to read simultaneously.

writing desk n
دایره‌
A desk at which someone may write.

wrong /ˈɹɑŋ/ /ˈɹɒŋ/ /ˈɹɔŋ/ adj
nerast
Incorrect or untrue.
Immoral, not good, bad.
Improper; unfit; unsuitable.

wrong /ˈɹɑŋ/ /ˈɹɒŋ/ /ˈɹɔŋ/ adv
nerast
(informal) In a way that isn't right; incorrectly, wrongly.

wrong /ˈɹɑŋ/ /ˈɹɒŋ/ /ˈɹɔŋ/ n
dijûn
Something that is immoral or not good.

wrongness /ˈɹɒŋ.nəs/ n
xeletî
The quality of being wrong; error or fault.

wry /ɹaɪ/ adj
hişk
Dryly humorous; sardonic or bitterly ironic.

xanthous /ˈzæn.θəs/ adj
zerd
Yellow-brown; yolk-colored.

xylem /ˈzaɪ.ləm/ n
ksîlem
(botany) A vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of water and minerals taken up by the roots; also the primary component of wood.

xylophone /ˈzaɪ.lə.ˌfəʊn/ /ˈzaɪləˌfoʊn/ n
darînk
(musical instrument) Any musical instrument (percussion idiophone) made of wooden slats graduated so as to make the sounds of the scale when struck with a small drumstick-like mallet; the standard Western concert xylophone or one of its derivatives.

ya /ˈjɐ/ /ˈjɑː/ n
ez
A letter of the Cyrillic alphabet: Я, я.

yacht /jɑt/ /jɑːt/ /jɒt/ n
yat
A slick and light ship for making pleasure trips or racing on water, having sails but often motor-powered. At times used as a residence offshore on a dock.

yakhni n
yexnî
Any of various stocks, broths and stews found in many countries from the Balkan Peninsula to South Asia.

yard /jɑɹd/ /jɑːd/ n
xav
(nautical) A long tapered timber hung on a mast to which is bent a sail, and may be further qualified as a square, lateen, or lug yard. The first is hung at right angles to the mast, the latter two hang obliquely.
yard
(obsolete) A staff, rod, or stick.
(obsolete) The rod, a surveying unit of (once) 15 or (now) 16+1⁄2 feet.

yarn /jɑɹn/ /jɑːn/ n
dezî
(uncountable) A twisted strand of fiber used for knitting or weaving.

yarrow /ˈjæɹoʊ/ /ˈjæɹəʊ/ n
gêjînk
Any of several pungent Eurasian and North American herbs, of the genus Achillea, used in traditional herbal medicine.

yawn /joːn/ /jɑn/ /jɔn/ /jɔːn/ v
bawîşk anîn
(intransitive) To open the mouth widely and take a long, rather deep breath, often because one is tired or bored, and sometimes accompanied by pandiculation.

yawning /ˈjɔːnɪŋ/ adj
زۆر چاک
(figuratively) Wide open.

yeah /ˈjæ.(ə)/ /ˈjɛ(ə)/ particle
a
(colloquial) yes.

yeanling n
karik
The newly born offspring of a goat or sheep.

year /jir/ /jøː/ /jɜː/ /jɪə/ /jɪɹ/ n
sal
The time taken for the Earth to orbit the Sun with respect to the fixed stars; a sidereal year.
The length of a year as marked by a calendar, 365 or 366 days in the Gregorian calendar; a calendar year.
The mean length of a calendar year in the Julian calendar, that is, 365.25 solar days; a Julian year.
(by extension) The time it takes for any astronomical object (such as a planet, dwarf planet, small Solar System body, or comet) in direct orbit around a star (such as the Sun) to make one revolution around the star.
A period between set dates that mark a year, such as from January 1 to December 31 by the Gregorian calendar, from Tishri 1 to Elul 29 by the Jewish calendar, and from Muharram 1 to Dhu al-Hijjah 29 or 30 by the Islamic calendar.
A level or grade in school or college.
A scheduled part of a calendar year spent in a specific activity.

yearn /jɜːn/ /jɝn/ v
etirîn
(intransitive, also, figuratively) To have a strong desire for something or to do something; to long for or to do something.

yellow /ˈjælə/ /ˈjɑlə/ /ˈjɛl.oʊ/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ/ /ˈjɛl.ɚ/ /ˈjɛlə/ /ˈjɪlə/ /ˈjʌlə/ adj
zer zar
Of a yellow hue.
(informal) Lacking courage.
(dated, US) Synonym of high yellow

yellow /ˈjælə/ /ˈjɑlə/ /ˈjɛl.oʊ/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ/ /ˈjɛl.ɚ/ /ˈjɛlə/ /ˈjɪlə/ /ˈjʌlə/ n
zer zar
The colour of sunflower petals and lemons; the colour obtained by mixing green and red light, or by subtracting blue from white light.

yen /jɛn/ v
نیاز
(transitive) To have a strong desire for.

yes interjection
belê
An exclamation of pleasure or approval, usually transcribed with an exclamation point.
a
Response that confirms that the user is paying attention.

yes n
belê
An affirmative expression; an answer that shows agreement or acceptance.
A vote of support or in favor/favour of something.

yes particle
belê
Used to indicate disagreement or dissent in reply to a negative statement.

yessir /ˈjɛsɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈjɛsːɝ/ /ˌjɛsˈsɝ/ interjection
xwarin
(informal, or, military) Used to express assent, especially to a male superior.

yesterday /ˈjɛstədeɪ/ /ˈjɛstədɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdi/ /ˈjɪstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɪstɚdi/ adv
do
On the day before today.

yesterday /ˈjɛstədeɪ/ /ˈjɛstədɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdi/ /ˈjɪstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɪstɚdi/ n
do
The day immediately before today; one day ago.
(figuratively) The past, often in terms of being outdated.

yesteryear /ˈjestəjøː/ /ˈjɛstəjɜː/ /ˈjɛstəjɪə/ /ˈjɛstərjɪər/ n
sal
(rare) Last year.

yet /jɛt/ adv
hîn
Thus far; up to the present; up to some unspecified time.

yew /juː/ /jɪʊ̯/ n
주목속
(countable) A species of coniferous tree, Taxus baccata, with dark-green flat needle-like leaves and seeds bearing red arils, native to western, central and southern Europe, northwest Africa, northern Iran and southwest Asia.
(countable, by extension) Any tree or shrub of the genus Taxus.
(uncountable) The wood of the such trees.

yield /jiːld/ n
ber
A product; the quantity of something produced.

yield /jiːld/ v
rê dan
(intransitive) To give way; to succumb to a force.

yogurt /ˈjoʊ.ɡɚt/ /ˈjɒ.ɡət/ /ˈjəʉ.ɡət/ n
mast
A milk-based product stiffened by a bacterium-aided curdling process, and sometimes mixed with fruit or other flavoring.

yoke /joʊk/ /jəʊk/ n
nîr
A bar or frame by which two oxen or other draught animals are joined at their necks enabling them to pull a cart, plough, etc.; (by extension) a device attached to a single draught animal for the same purpose.
Something which oppresses or restrains a person; a burden.

yolk /joʊ(l)k/ /jɔlk/ /jəʊk/ n
zerik
The yellow, spherical part of an egg that is surrounded by the white albumen, and serves as nutriment for the growing young.

you /d/ /dʒ/ /j/ /ju/ /juː/ /jə/ /jʉ/ /jʉː/ /s/ /t/ /tʃ/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ determiner
hûn
The individual or group spoken or written to.

you /d/ /dʒ/ /j/ /ju/ /juː/ /jə/ /jʉ/ /jʉː/ /s/ /t/ /tʃ/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ pronoun
hûn tu
(object pronoun) The person spoken to or written to, as an object. (Replacing thee; originally as a mark of respect.) [from 13th c.]

you bet interjection
belê
(idiomatic, informal) Certainly, you're welcome; a reply to thank you or to a request.

you don't say interjection
meal
Really?; no kidding!; is that so? (sometimes used sarcastically in response to the obvious)

you're welcome phraseologicalUnit
spasxweş
Used to acknowledge thanks; ritual reply to “thank you”.

young /jʊŋɡ/ /jʌŋ/ adj
ciwan گه‌نج
In the early part of growth or life; born not long ago.

younger sister n
xwang

youngster /ˈjʌŋstə/ /ˈjʌŋstɚ/ n
zarûk
A young person.

your /jo(ː)ɹ/ /joə/ /joʊ/ /jɔɹ/ /jɔː/ /jə/ /jɚ/ /jɜɹ/ /jʊə/ /jʊɹ/ determiner
te
Belonging to you; of you; related to you (singular; one owner).
zerde
Belonging to you; of you; related to you (plural; more owners).

yourself /jɔɹˈsɛlf/ /jɔːˈsɛlf/ /jəˈsɛlf/ /jɚˈsɛlf/ /jʊəˈsɛlf/ /jʊɹˈsɛlf/ pronoun
hûn
(reflexive pronoun) Your own self (singular).

yourselves /jɔɹˈsɛlvz/ /jɔːˈsɛlvz/ /jəˈsɛlvz/ /jɚˈsɛlvz/ /jʊəˈsɛlvz/ /jʊɹˈsɛlvz/ pronoun
hûn
(reflexive pronoun) Inflection of you (plural) used as the object of a verb or non-locative preposition in a clause whose subject is the same (the people addressed).
(emphatic) You (plural), used to intensify the subject as the group addressed.

youth /juːθ/ /juθ/ /jʉθ/ n
bedew
(countable) A young person.
ciwan
(countable) A young man; a male adolescent or young adult.

youthful /ˈjuːθfəl/ adj
ciwan
Young or seeming young.

yttrium /ˈjɪtɹiːəm/ /ˈɪtɹiːəm/ n
îtriyûm
A silvery metallic chemical element (symbol Y) with an atomic number of 39, mainly found in combination with lanthanide elements in rare-earth minerals.

yummy /ˈjʌm.i/ adj
micêz
(colloquial, lighthearted, often, childish) Delicious.

zakat /zɑ-/ /zəˈkɑt/ /zəˈkɑːt/ n
zekat
(Islam) Almsgiving, one of the five pillars of Islam, in the form of an annual tax on certain types of property which is then used for charitable purposes.

zap /zæp/ v
hilanîn
(slang, transitive) To delete or discard (electronic media).

zebra /ˈziːbɹə/ /ˈzɛbɹə/ n
kerkûvî zebra
(vulgar, pejorative, slang, ethnic slur) A biracial person, specifically one born to a Sub-Saharan African person and a white person.

zebra crossing n
kerkûvî
(Australian, UK, NZ, Singapore) A pedestrian crossing featuring broad white stripes painted parallel to the street.

zenith /ˈzi.nɪθ/ /ˈzɛn.ɪθ/ n
rayeka navdêrî
(astronomy) The point in the sky vertically above a given position or observer; the point in the celestial sphere opposite the nadir.
(astronomy) The highest point in the sky reached by a celestial body.
(by extension) Highest point or state; peak.

zero /ˈzi(ˌ)ɹoʊ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹaʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ adj
ser
(linguistics) Present at an abstract level, but not realized in the surface form.

zero /ˈzi(ˌ)ɹoʊ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹaʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ n
sifir
The numeric symbol that represents the cardinal number zero.

zero /ˈzi(ˌ)ɹoʊ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹaʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʉ/ /ˈzɪə.ɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ numeral
sifir
The cardinal number occurring before one and that denotes no quantity or amount at all, represented in Arabic numerals as 0.

zigzag /ˈzɪɡ.zæɡ/ n
çiv
A line or path that proceeds by sharp turns in alternating directions.

zilch /zɪlt͡ʃ/ n
bênirxî
(uncountable, informal) Nothing, zero.

zinc /zɪŋk/ n
çînko
(countable) A single atom of this element.

zirconium /zɜːɹˈkoʊniəm/ n
zîrkonyûm
A chemical element (symbol Zr) with an atomic number of 40, a strong, lustrous, grey-white transition metal mainly used as a refractory and opacifier.

zither /ˈzɪ.ðə/ /ˈzɪ.ðɚ/ n
êwareye
(music) A musical instrument consisting of a flat sounding box with numerous strings placed on a horizontal surface, played with a plectrum or fingertips.

zodiacal /zoʊˈdaɪ.ə.kəl/ adj
zodyakê
(astronomy, astrology) Of or pertaining to the zodiac.

zombie /ˈzɑmbi/ /ˈzɒmbi/ n
spêle
(computing) A computer affected by malware which causes it to do whatever the attacker wants it to do without the user's knowledge.

zoo /zuː/ n
baxçeyê heywanan
A park where live animals are exhibited.

zoological garden /ˌzoʊəˈlɑdʒɪkəl ˈɡɑɹdən/ /ˌzuə-/ /ˌzəʊəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ˈɡɑːdən/ n
baxçeyê heywanan
(formal) A zoo, a park where live animals are exhibited.

zoology /zoʊˈɑləd͡ʒi/ /zuˈɑləd͡ʒi/ /zuːˈɒləd͡ʒi/ /zəʊˈɒlədʒi/ n
zoolojî
The part of biology relating to the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct.

σ-algebra /ˈsɪɡ.mə ˈæl.dʒɪ.bɹə/ n
eşîr