's-Hertogenbosch /ˌsɜɹtoʊɡənˈbɔs/ /ˌsɜːtəʊɡənˈbɒs/ pn
's-Hertogenbosch
Dutch city

ation suffix
acja
-ation (suffix)

cide /-saɪd/ suffix
bójca bójczyni
killer of
bójstwo
killing of

ed /d/ /t/ /əd/ /ɪd/ suffix
ny y
having an object of a particular quality

er /ə/ /ɚ/ suffix
ardziej
used to form the comparative of adjectives
used to form the comparative of adverbs

est /əst/ /ɪst/ suffix
aj- ajbardziej
superlative of adjectives and adverbs
asz esz isz ysz
second-person singular present tense of verbs

ferous suffix
nośny
producing a certain material

gram suffix
gram
something written

hood /hʊd/ suffix
ość ctwo stwo
condition or state
stwo
group

hour-old suffix
godzinny
suffix used to indicate the age of something or someone, in terms of hours

ide suffix
yd
any of a group of related compounds
ek
binary compound of a nonmetal

ify /ɪfaɪ/ suffix
fikować
to produce verbs meaning to make

ish /ɪʃ/ suffix
awy wat
appended to adjectives
oło
appended to numbers
ski
appended to roots denoting names of nations or regions
iczny yczny
appended to words

ism /ɪzəm/ suffix
izm yzm
a principle, belief or movement

ist /-əst/ /-ɪst/ suffix
ista istka ysta ystka
A person who holds biased views
A person who uses something
ista ysta istka ystka
One who follows a particular ideology, doctrine, belief system or theory

ite /-aɪt/ /-ɪt/ suffix
yt
used to form names of minerals and rocks

itude suffix
ituda ość stwo
suffix

less /ləs/ suffix
ez-
lacking

logist suffix
log
person who studies or is an expert in the related -logy

logy /ləd͡ʒi/ suffix
logia
branch of learning

ly /li/ /lɪ/ suffix
o
used to form adverbs from adjectives

meter suffix
mierz
used to form a measuring device

nd suffix
gi
second

ness /nəs/ /nɛs/ /nɪs/ suffix
ość stwo
appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of being...", "the quality of being...", or "the measure of being..."

one suffix
on
ketone

ous /əs/ suffix
awy ny y
suffix to form adjectives

phile suffix
fil
Forming nouns and adjectives denoting "friend"

phobia /ˌfəʊbi.ə/ suffix
fobia
used to form nouns meaning fear
used to form nouns meaning hate

pod suffix
nóg
related to or resembling a foot

proof suffix
odporny
denoting an impervious quality

rd suffix
ci
third

scope suffix
skop
suffix to name viewing instruments

ship suffix
stwo
Property or state of being

st suffix
szy
first

teen suffix
naście
to form numbers 13 - 19

th /-θ/ suffix
ty y
used to form the ordinal numeral

time suffix
krotny
suffix used to indicate how many times something has occurred

tion /-ʃən/ suffix
cja
producing a noun meaning the action or effect of a verb

100th adj
100.
abbreviation of hundredth

101 /ˈwʌnˌoʊ̯ˈwʌn/ adj
abc od początku początkujący podstawy
basic, beginner-

10th adj
10.
abbreviation of tenth

11th adj
11.
abbreviation of eleventh

12th adj
12.
abbreviation of twelfth

13th adj
13.
abbreviation of thirteenth

14th adj
14.
abbreviation of fourteenth

15 minutes of fame n
piętnaście minut sławy swoje pięć minut
fifteen minutes of fame

15th adj
15.
abbreviation of fifteenth

16th adj
16.
abbreviation of sixteenth

17th adj
17.
abbreviation of seventeenth

18th adj
18.
abbreviation of eighteenth

19th adj
19.
abbreviation of nineteenth

1st /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ adj
1.
abbreviation of first

20th adj
20.
abbreviation of twentieth

2nd adj
2.
abbreviation of second

30th adj
30.
abbreviation of thirtieth

3rd adj
3.
abbreviation of third

40th adj
40.
abbreviation of fortieth

4th adj
4.
abbreviation of fourth

5th adj
5.
abbreviation of fifth

6th adj
6.
abbreviation of sixth

7th adj
7.
abbreviation of seventh

8-bit adj
bitowy ośmiobitowy
represented using 8 bits

8th adj
8.
abbreviation of eighth

9th adj
9.
abbreviation of ninth

A /eɪ̯/ /æɪ/ symbol
A
playing card

A-bomb n
bomba atomowa
atomic bomb

A-flat n
as
tone four fifths below C

A-sharp major n
Ais-dur

AA pn
AA
Alcoholics Anonymous

AC n
prąd przemienny prąd zmienny
alternating current

AD adv
p.n.Chr. po Chr.
anno Domini

AIDS /eɪdz/ n
AIDS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome

AKA adv
także znany jako
also known as

ATM n
bankomat
(banking) Automated Teller Machine
ATM
(telecommunication, electronics) Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Aachen /ˈɑkən/ /ˈɑːkən/ pn
Akwizgran
city in North Rhine-Westphalia

Aalborg /ˈɔlbɔɹ/ /ˈɔːlbɔː(ɹ)/ pn
Aalborg
city in northern Denmark

Aalenian pn
aalen
subdivision of the Middle Jurassic epoch

Aarhus /ˈɔɹˌhus/ /ˈɔːˌhuːs/ pn
Aarhus
Danish city

Aaron /ˈæɹ.ən/ /ˈɛɹ.ən/ pn
Aaron
biblical brother of Moses
male given name

Abakan /ʌ.bʌˈkan/ pn
Abakan
city in Russia
river

Abaza /əˈbɑ.zə/ /əˈbɑː.zə/ adj
abazyński
of or relating to the Abazа people or their language

Abaza /əˈbɑ.zə/ /əˈbɑː.zə/ n
Abazyjczyk Abazyn Abazyńczyk
member of an ethnic group living in the northwest Caucasus

Abaza /əˈbɑ.zə/ /əˈbɑː.zə/ pn
abaza abazyjski abazyński
language

Abdul /ɑbˈdʊl/ pn
Abdul
male given name

Abdullah /æbˈdʌlə/ pn
Abdullah
Muslim given name

Abel /ˈeɪ.bl̩/ pn
Abel
biblical character
male given name

Abidjan /ˌæb.ɪˈdʒɑn/ pn
Abidżan
the largest city of Côte d'Ivoire

Abigail /ˈæb.ə.ɡeɪl/ pn
Abigail
biblical wife of David
female given name

Abkhaz /ɑbˈkɑz/ adj
abchaski
of or pertaining to Abkhazia

Abkhaz /ɑbˈkɑz/ n
Abchaz Abchazka
person from Abkhazia

Abkhaz /ɑbˈkɑz/ pn
abchaski
a Northwest Caucasian language spoken in Abkhazia

Abkhazia /æbˈkeɪ.ʒi.ə/ pn
Abchazja
territory in the Caucasus

Abraham /ˈeɪ.bɹə.hæm/ /ˈeɪ.bɹəˌhæm/ pn
Abraham
prophet in the Old Testament
male given name
surname

Abrahamic /eɪ.bɹəˈhæm.ɪk/ adj
Abrahamowy
pertaining to Abraham
abrahamiczny abrahamowy
pertaining to Abrahamic religions

Abrahamism n
abrahamizm
Abrahamic religions collectively

Abram /ˈeɪ.bɹəm/ pn
Abram
Old Testament patriarch

Abruka pn
Abruka
Estonian island located in the Gulf of Riga

Abu Dhabi /ˈɑ.bu ˈdɑ.bi/ pn
Abu Zabi
capital of UAE

Abundius pn
Abundiusz
male given name

Abyssinia /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.i.ə/ pn
Abisynia
historical name of Ethiopia

Abyssinian /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.i.ən/ /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.ɪ.ən/ adj
abisyński
of or pertaining to Abyssinia

Abyssinian /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.i.ən/ /ˌæb.ɪˈsɪn.ɪ.ən/ n
Abisynka Abisyńczyk
a native of Abyssinia

Accra /ə.ˈkɹɑ/ pn
Akra
capital of Ghana

Achaea pn
Achaja
a region in the northern head of the Peloponnese

Achilles /əˈkɪliːz/ pn
Achilles
Greek mythical hero

Achilles heel /əˌkɪl.iːz ˈhiːl/ n
pięta Achillesa pięta achillesowa
vulnerability in an otherwise strong situation

Achilles tendon n
ścięgno Achillesa
strong tendon in the calf of the leg

Acre /ˈeɪ.kə/ /ˈɑː.kɹə/ pn
Akka
city

Acropolis /əˈkɹɒpəlɪs/ pn
Akropol
Athenian Acropolis

Acts of the Apostles pn
Dzieje Apostolskie
fifth book of the New Testament

Adam /ˈæ.dəm/ [ˈæɾm̩] pn
Adam
first man in Abrahamic religions
male given name

Adam and Eve pn
Adam i Ewa
the first man and woman (according to Genesis)

Adam's apple n
jabłko Adama grdyka
lump in the throat

Adelaide /ˈæ.də.leɪd/ [ˈæ.dɜ.læɪ̯d] pn
Adelajda
female given name
state capital of South Australia

Aden pn
Aden
seaport of Yemen

Adige /ˈadɪdʒeɪ/ pn
Adyga
river in South Tyrol

Adonis /əˈdoʊnɪs/ n
adonis
beautiful man

Adonis /əˈdoʊnɪs/ pn
Adonis
the young man loved by Aphrodite
male given name

Adriatic Sea /eɪ.dɹiˈæt.ɪk/ pn
Morze Adriatyckie
sea that stretches from the Ionian Sea to the Gulf of Venice

Advent pn
adwent
season before Christmas

Advent calendar n
kalendarz adwentowy
calendar used to count down the days of Advent

Adventism n
adwentyzm
Adventist Christian movement founded by William Miller

Adventist adj
adwentystyczny
relating to Seventh-day Adventism / the Seventh-day Adventist Church
relating to believers in the Second Advent of Jesus; relating to Adventism

Adventist n
adwentysta adwentystka
believer in the Second Advent of Jesus; an advocate of Adventism
member of the Seventh-day Adventist Church

Adygea /ɑːdɪˈɡeɪ.ə/ pn
Adygeja
Adygea, Russia

Adyghe /ˈɑː.dɪ.ɡeɪ/ pn
adygejski
language spoken in the Republic of Adygea

Aegean /iˈdʒi.ən/ adj
egejski
of or relating to the Aegean Sea

Aegean Sea /əˈdʒi.ən ˈsi/ pn
Morze Egejskie
sea of the northeastern part of the Mediterranean Sea

Aegina /iˈdʒaɪnə/ pn
Egina
island

Aeneas /ɪˈniː.əs/ pn
Eneasz
Trojan hero

Aeneid /ˈiː.ni.ɪd/ pn
Eneida
Classic epic poem that tells the story of Aeneas fleeing Troy and settling in Italy.

Aeolus /iˈoʊləs/ pn
Eol
character in Greek mythology

Aeroflot pn
Aerofłot
Russian airline

Aeronian pn
aeron

Aeschylus /ˈɛs.kə.ləs/ pn
Ajschylos
Greek tragedian

Aesop /ˈiːsɒp/ pn
Ezop
ancient Greek author

Aetna /ˈɛtnə/ pn
Ajtne
Sicilian nymph

Aetolia /iːˈtəʊ.liː.ə/ pn
Etolia
region of Greece

Aetolian adj
etolski
of or relating to Aetolia

Aetolian n
Etol Etolczyk Etolka
native of Aetolia

Affenpinscher n
pinczer małpi
Affenpinscher

Afghan /ˈæfˌɡæn/ adj
afgański
pertaining to Afghanistan

Afghan /ˈæfˌɡæn/ n
Afgańczyk Afganka
person from Afghanistan

Afghan Hound /ˌæfɡæn ˈhau̯nd/ n
chart afgański
Afghan Hound

Afghanistan /æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstæn/ pn
Afganistan
country

Africa /ˈæ.fɹɪ.kə/ pn
Afryka
continent south of Europe

African /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kən/ adj
afrykański
Of or pertaining to Africa

African /ˈæf.ɹɪ.kən/ n
Afrykanin Afrykanka
a native of Africa

African blue tit n
modraszka kanaryjska
Cyanistes teneriffae

African hunting dog n
likaon
Lycaon pictus

African-American n
Afroamerykanin
A black American

Africanism n
afrykanizm
Eurocentric representation of Africans

Afrikaans /ˌɑːfɹɪˈkɑːnz/ adj
afrykanerski
of or pertaining to the Afrikaans language

Afrikaans /ˌɑːfɹɪˈkɑːnz/ pn
afrikaans afrykanerski
language

Afrikaner n
Afrykaner
member of ethnic group

Agamemnon /æɡæˈmɛmnɒn/ pn
Agamemnon
Greek hero

Agatha /ˈæɡəθə/ pn
Agata
female given name

Aghori pn
aghori
an order of Hindu ascetics

Agnes /ˈæɡ.nɪs/ pn
Agnieszka Jagna
female given name

Ahriman pn
Aryman
the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism

Ainu pn
ajnuski
language

Ajax /ˈeɪ.dʒæks/ pn
Ajas
either of two heroes of the Trojan War

Akan pn
akan
Niger-Congo language
language group spoken in Ghana

Akhenaten /ˌækəˈnɑːtən/ pn
ਇਖ਼ਨਾਤੁਨ
Pharaoh in 14th century BCE, founder of Atenism

Akkadian /əˈkeɪ.di.ən/ adj
akadyjski
pertaining to the language

Akkadian /əˈkeɪ.di.ən/ pn
akadyjski
Semitic language

Al Jazeera /æl dʒəˈziːɹə/ pn
Al-Dżazira
Arabic satellite TV news channel

Al-Andalus pn
Al-Andalus
Islamic Spain

Alabama /ˌæ.lə.ˈbæ.mə/ pn
Alabama
U.S. State
river

Aladdin pn
Aladyn
the fictional young man

Aland pn
Wyspy Alandzkie
archipelago

Alanic /əˈleɪnɪk/ adj
alański
of or pertaining to Alans or their language

Alaska /əˈlæs.kə/ pn
Alaska
US state

Alaskan /əˈlæskən/ adj
alaskański alaski alaskijski
of or pertaining to Alaska, its people or its culture

Alaskan /əˈlæskən/ n
Alaskanin Alaskanka Alaskijczyk Alaskijka
someone from Alaska

Albania /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Albania
country in south-eastern Europe

Albanian /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ən/ adj
albański
of or pertaining to Albania

Albanian /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ən/ n
Albańczyk Albanka
person from Albania

Albanian /ælˈbeɪ.ni.ən/ pn
albański
language

Alberta /ˌælˈbɜː(ɹ).tə/ pn
Alberta
province

Alcibiades /ˌælsəˈbaɪədiz/ pn
Alcybiades Alkibiades
Greek name

Alcoholics Anonymous pn
Anonimowi Alkoholicy
proper noun

Aldebaran /alˈdɛbəɹən/ pn
Aldebaran
star

Alecto pn
Alekto
Greek goddess of vengeance

Alectryon pn
Alektryon
character in Greek mythology

Aleppo /əˈlɛpoʊ/ /əˈlɛpəʊ/ pn
Aleppo
city in Syria

Aleut /ˌæ.liːˈuːt/ adj
aleucki
of the Aleutian Islands

Aleut /ˌæ.liːˈuːt/ n
Aleuta Aleutka
native of the Aleutian Islands

Aleut /ˌæ.liːˈuːt/ pn
aleucki
language of the Aleutian Islands

Aleutian Islands /æliːuːʃən ɑɪlændz/ pn
Aleuty
archipelago

Alexander /ˌæ.lɨɡˈzæn.dɚ/ /ˌæ.lɨɡˈzɑːn.də/ [ˌæ.lɨɡˈzeən.də] [ˌæ.lɨɡˈzeən.dɚ] pn
Aleksander Aleksy
male given name

Alexander the Great pn
Aleksander Wielki Aleksander Macedoński
King of Macedonia

Alexandria /æləkˈzændɹi.ə/ pn
Aleksandria
city in Egypt

Alexandroupoli pn
Aleksandropolis
city

Alexius pn
Aleksiej
male given name

Alfonso pn
Alfons
male given name

Algeria /ælˈdʒɪəɹi.ə/ pn
Algieria
country

Algerian /ælˈdʒɪɹi.ən/ adj
algierski
of Algeria or its people

Algerian /ælˈdʒɪɹi.ən/ n
Algierczyk Algierka
person from Algeria

Alghero /alˈɡɛəɹəʊ/ /ɑlˈɡɛɹoʊ/ pn
Alghero
port town in Sardinia

Algiers /ælˈdʒɪəz/ /ælˈdʒɪɹz/ pn
Algier
the capital of Algeria

Ali Baba pn
Ali Baba
a fictional character

Alice /ˈæl.ɪs/ pn
Alicja
female given name

All Saints' Day pn
Wszystkich Świętych
feast day

Allah /əˈlɑː/ /ˈæ.lə/ pn
Allah Allach
God, in Islam

Almaty pn
Ałma Ata Ałmaty
city

Almería /ˌælməˈɹiː.jə/ pn
Almeria Almería
Spanish city

Almighty pn
Wszechmogący
God, the supreme being

Aloysius /æl.əʊˈɪʃ.əs/ pn
Alojzy
male given name

Alpha Centauri pn
Alfa Centauri
brightest star in the southern constellation of Centaurus

Alpine /ˈæl.paɪn/ adj
alpejski
Relating to the Alps

Alps /ælps/ pn
Alpy
a mountain range in Western Europe

Alsace /ælˈseɪs/ pn
Alzacja
region on the west bank of the upper Rhine

Alsatian /ælˈseɪʃən/ adj
alzacki
of or relating to Alsace

Alsatian /ælˈseɪʃən/ n
Alzatczyk Alzatka
person from Alsace

Alsatian /ælˈseɪʃən/ pn
alzacki
language of Alsace

Altai Republic pn
Republika Ałtaju
federal subject of Russia

Altaic /ælˈteɪ.ɪk/ adj
ałtajski
pertaining to the group of languages

Altair pn
Altair
star

Altay pn
Ałtaj
mountain range

Alzheimer's disease /ˈæltshaɪmə(ɹ)z/ /ˈɑːltshaɪmə(ɹ)z/ /ˈɔːltshaɪmə(ɹ)z/ /ˈɔːlzhaɪmə(ɹ)z/ n
choroba Alzheimera
mental disorder from brain tissue changes

Amadeus pn
Amadeusz
male given name

Amanda /əˈmændə/ pn
Amanda
female given name

Amazon /ˈæm.ə.zən/ /ˈæm.əˌzɑːn/ n
Amazonka
Mythological female warrior

Amazon /ˈæm.ə.zən/ /ˈæm.əˌzɑːn/ pn
Amazonka
river

Amazonian antshrike n
chronka amazońska
Thamnophilus amazonicus

Ambrose /ˈæmbɹoʊz/ /ˈæmbɹəʊz/ pn
Ambroży
male given name

Amelia /əˈmiːli.ə/ /əˈmiːljə/ pn
Amelia
female given name

American /əˈmɛɹɪkən/ adj
amerykański
of or pertaining to the Americas
of or pertaining to the U.S. or its culture

American /əˈmɛɹɪkən/ n
Amerykanin Amerykanka
person born in, or a citizen of, the U.S.
inhabitant of the Americas

American /əˈmɛɹɪkən/ pn
amerykański
American English

American Bulldog n
buldog amerykański
American Bulldog

American Civil War pn
wojna secesyjna
civil war in the United States (1861-1865)

American Samoa /əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən səˈmoʊ.ə/ /əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən səˈməʊ.ə/ pn
Samoa Amerykańskie
US overseas territory in Oceania

American bison /əˈmɛɹɪkən ˈbaɪ̯sən/ n
bizon
mammal

American bittern n
bąk amerykański
Botaurus lentiginosus

American football n
futbol amerykański futbol
American football

American mink n
norka amerykańska wizon amerykański
Mustela vison

Americanism n
amerykanizm
custom
linguistic feature

Americanize v
amerykanizować
to make American

Americas /əˈmɛɹɪkəz/ pn
Ameryka
North and South America

Amharic /æmˈhæɹɪk/ pn
amharski
language

Amish /ˈɑː.mɪʃ/ pn
amisz amiszka
a strict Anabaptist sect

Amman /ɑːˈmɑːn/ /əˈmɑːn/ pn
Amman
the capital of Jordan

Amorgos pn
Amorgos
a village in Greece
an island in Greece

Amos /ˈeɪ.məs/ pn
Księga Amosa Amos
book of the Old Testament
Amos Księga Amosa
figure mentioned in the Old Testament

Amsterdam /ˈæmstəɹˌdæm/ /ˌæmstəˈdæm/ pn
Amsterdam
capital of the Netherlands

Amur pn
Amur
the river between the Far East Russia and China

Anabaptism /ænəˈbæptɪzm/ n
anabaptyzm
doctrine of Anabaptists

Anabaptist n
anabaptysta anabaptystka
member of radical wing of Christians during Reformation

Anastasia /æn.ə.ˈsteɪ.ʒə/ pn
Anastazja
female given name

Anastasius pn
Anastazjusz Anastazy
male given name

Anatolia /ˌænəˈtəʊli.ə/ pn
Anatolia
peninsula of Western Asia

Anatolius pn
Anatol
male given name

Ancient Greece pn
Starożytna Grecja
ancient civilization of the Mediterranean

Ancient Greek pn
starożytna greka
the Greek language of classical antiquity

Ancient Rome pn
Starożytny Rzym
civilization associated with Rome from the 9th century BC to the 5th century AD

Andalusia /ˌændəˈluːsi.ə/ pn
Andaluzja
autonomous community of Spain

Andean /ænˈdiː.ən/ adj
andyjski
of or pertaining to the Andes mountains

Anderson /ˈæn.dɚ.sən/ pn
Andrzejewicz
surname meaning "son of Andrew"

Andes /ˈæn.diːz/ pn
Andy
mountain range in South America

Andorra /ænˈdɔɹ.ə/ /ænˈdɔː.ɹə/ pn
Andora
country

Andorran /ænˈdɔːɹən/ adj
andorski
pertaining to Andorra

Andorran /ænˈdɔːɹən/ n
Andorczyk Andorka
person from Andorra

Andrew /ˈæn.dɹuː/ pn
Andrzej Jędrzej
male given name
the Apostle

Andromeda /ænˈdɹɑmɪdə/ /ænˈdɹɒmɪdə/ pn
Andromeda
constellation
mythical daughter of Cepheus
spiral galaxy

Angkor Wat /ˈɑŋ.kɔɹ ˈwɑt/ pn
Angkor Wat
Cambodian temple complex

Angle /ˈæŋ.ɡəl/ n
Angl
A member of the ancient Germanic tribe

Anglia pn
Anglia
region of England

Anglican /ˈæŋ.ɡlɪ.kən/ adj
anglikański
pertaining to the Church of England and related churches

Anglican /ˈæŋ.ɡlɪ.kən/ n
anglikanin anglikanka
member of an Anglican church

Anglican Communion pn
Wspólnota Anglikańska
worldwide network of churches

Anglicanism n
anglikanizm
beliefs and practices of the Anglican Church

Anglophile adj
anglofil angloman
person who loves or admires the country, culture or people of England

Anglophobe /ˈaŋ.ɡlə(ʊ).fəʊb/ n
anglofob
person who hates or fears England, its people or anything English

Anglophone /ˈæŋɡləˌfəʊn/ adj
angielskojęzyczny anglojęzyczny
English-speaking

Angola /æŋˈɡoʊlə/ /æŋˈɡəʊlə/ pn
Angola
country in Southern Africa

Angolan /æŋˈɡoʊlən/ adj
angolski
of, from or pertaining to Angola or its people

Angrapa pn
Węgorapa
river

Anguilla /æŋˈɡwɪlə/ pn
Anguilla
British overseas territory in the Caribbean

Anita pn
Anita
female given name

Anjou /ˈɒnʒuː/ pn
Andegawenia
a former county of France

Ankara /ˈæŋ.kə.ɹə/ pn
Ankara
capital of Turkey

Ann /eən/ /æn/ pn
Anna
female given name

Annette /əˈnɛt/ pn
Aneta
female given name

Anno Domini adv
n.e.
in the year of our Lord

Anschluss /ˈan.ʃlʊs/ n
anschluss anszlus
the annexation of Austria into Germany in 1938 or an analogy

Antananarivo pn
Antananarywa
city

Antarctic /ænˈtɑɹ(k)tɪk/ /ænˈtɑː(k)tɪk/ adj
antarktyczny
pertaining to Antarctica

Antarctic Circle pn
koło podbiegunowe południowe
geographical line

Antarctic Peninsula pn
Półwysep Antarktyczny
the northernmost part of the mainland of Antarctica

Antarctica /ænˈtɑɹ(k)tɪkə/ /ˌænˈtɑː(k)tɪkə/ pn
Antarktyda
southernmost continent

Antares pn
Antares
star

Anthony /ˈæn.tə.ni/ /ˈæn.θə.ni/ pn
Antoni Antek
given name

Anthropocene /ˈænθɹəpəˌsin/ /ˈænθɹəpəˌsiːn/ pn
antropocen
the current geological period

Antichrist pn
Antychryst
one under the direct control of the Devil

Antigua and Barbuda /ænˌti.ɡ(w)ə ænd bɑɹˈbju.də/ /ænˌtiː.ɡə ænd bɑːˈbjuː.də/ pn
Antigua i Barbuda
country

Antiochian /æntiˈoʊkiən/ /æntiˈɒkiən/ adj
antiocheński
of or pertaining to ancient Antioch

Antlia pn
Pompa
constellation

Antonovka n
Antonówka antonówka
apple cultivar

Antwerp /ˈæn.twɝp/ pn
Antwerpia
city
province

Anubis pn
Anubis
Egyptian god of the dead and tombs

Aosta /ɑːˈɒstə/ pn
Aosta
city in Italy

Aphrodite /æfɹəˈdaɪti/ pn
Afrodyta
Greek goddess

Apia pn
Apia
capital of Samoa

Apocalypse /əˈpɑkəlɪps/ /əˈpɒkəlɪps/ pn
Apokalipsa Świętego Jana
book of the Bible
apokalipsa Apokalipsa Świętego Jana
the written account of a revelation of hidden things given by God to a chosen prophet

Apostle n
apostoł
any of the group of twelve disciples

April /ˈeɪ.pɹəl/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪl/ pn
kwiecień
fourth month of the Gregorian calendar

April Fools' Day n
prima aprilis
First day of April

Aptian pn
apt
subdivision of the Early Cretaceous epoch

Apuleius /ˌæpjuˈli.əs/ pn
Apulejusz
author in the Roman Empire

Apulia pn
Apulia
region of Italy

Apulian /əˈpuːliːən/ adj
apulijski
of or pertaining to Apulia

Apulian /əˈpuːliːən/ n
Apulijczyk Apulijka
resident of Apulia

Apus /ˈeɪpəs/ pn
Ptak Rajski
a constellation of the southern sky

Aquarius /əˈkwɛəɹɪəs/ /əˈkwɛɹɪəs/ pn
Wodnik
astrological sign
constellation

Aquila /ˈækwɪlə/ pn
Orzeł
constellation

Aquitaine pn
Akwitania
region of France

Aquitanian adj
akwitański
of or pertaining to Aquitania
of or pertaining to the Aquitanian Age

Ara pn
Ołtarz
constellation

Arab /ˈeɪ.ɹæb/ /ˈæɹ.əb/ /ˈɛɹ.əb/ adj
arabski
of or pertaining to Arabs and their nations

Arab /ˈeɪ.ɹæb/ /ˈæɹ.əb/ /ˈɛɹ.əb/ n
Arab Arabka
Semitic person
arab
horse

Arab Republic of Egypt pn
Arabska Republika Egiptu
Official name of Egypt

Arab Spring pn
Arabska wiosna
movement

Arab World pn
świat arabski
Arabic speaking world

Arabia /əˈɹeɪbiə/ pn
Arabia
a peninsula between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf;

Arabian Peninsula pn
Półwysep Arabski
peninsula in the Middle East

Arabian jasmine n
dzielżamin wielkolistny jaśmin sambac jaśmin sambak jaśmin wielkolistny
Jasminum sambac, a shrubby, fragrant vine

Arabic /ˈæɹəbɪk/ adj
arabski
of, from, or pertaining to Arab countries or cultural behaviour

Arabic /ˈæɹəbɪk/ pn
arabski arabszczyzna
language

Arabic numeral n
cyfra arabska
any of the ten symbols from 0 through 9

Arabically adv
arabsko
in an Arabic fashion

Arabism n
arabizm
an idiom characteristic of the Arabic language

Arabist /ˈaɹəbɪst/ n
arabista arabistka
a scholar who studies Arab or Arabic culture, politics, or language

Aragon /ˈæɹəɡɑːn/ /ˈæɹəɡən/ pn
Aragonia
an autonomous community in Spain

Aragonese adj
aragoński
from Aragon

Aral Sea /ˈɑːɹəl siː/ pn
Jezioro Aralskie
Aral Sea

Aramaean /æɹəˈmiːən/ n
Aramejczyk
member of a West Semitic semi-nomadic and pastoralist people

Aramaic /ˌæɹ.ə.ˈmei.ɪk/ adj
aramejski
pertaining to the language, alphabet, culture or poetry

Aramaic /ˌæɹ.ə.ˈmei.ɪk/ pn
aramejski
the language

Ararat /ˈæɹəˌɹæt/ pn
Ararat
mountain

Arbëresh /ˌɑːbəˈɹɛʃ/ pn
arbaryjski
form of Albanian spoken in southern Italy

Arc de Triomphe pn
Łuk Triumfalny
the Parisian monument

Arcadia /ɑɹˈkeɪdi.ə/ n
Arkadia
A district or a prefecture in the central and mid SE Peloponnese

Arcadius pn
Arkadiusz
male given name

Arctic /ˈɑɹ(k)tɪk/ /ˈɑː(k)tɪk/ adj
arktyczny
Pertaining to the northern polar region of the planet
cold, snowy, or having other properties of extreme winter associated with the Arctic

Arctic /ˈɑɹ(k)tɪk/ /ˈɑː(k)tɪk/ pn
Arktyka
a region of the Earth

Arctic Ocean pn
Ocean Arktyczny
the smallest of the five oceans of the Earth, on and around the North Pole

Arctic cod n
dorsz arktyczny dorszyk polarny
Arctogadus glacialis

Arcturus /ɑɹkˈtjʊəɹəs/ pn
Arktur
Alpha Boötis

Ares /ˈeəɹiːz/ pn
Ares
the god of war, son of Zeus and Hera

Argentina /ˌɑɹ.d͡ʒənˈti.nə/ /ˌɑː.d͡ʒənˈtiː.nə/ pn
Argentyna
Argentine Republic

Argentine /ˈɑːdʒəntaɪn/ adj
argentyński
pertaining to Argentina

Argentine /ˈɑːdʒəntaɪn/ n
Argentyńczyk Argentynka
person from Argentina

Argo pn
Argo
mythical ship

Argonaut pn
Argonauta
member of the Argo crew

Arian /ˈɛəɹi.ən/ adj
ariański
pertaining to Arianism

Arian /ˈɛəɹi.ən/ n
arianin
a kind of Christian who holds Arian ideas

Arianism /ˈɛəɹɪənɪzəm/ n
arianizm
nontrinitarian Christian teaching

Aries /ˈɛəɹiːz/ /ˈɛɹiz/ pn
Baran
astrological sign
constellation

Aristotelianism pn
arystotelizm
philosophical system

Aristotle pn
Arystoteles
ancient Greek philosopher

Arizona /ˌæɹɪˈzoʊnə/ /ˌæɹɪˈzəʊnə/ pn
Arizona
a state of the United States of America

Arizonan adj
arizoński
of or pertaining to Arizona

Ark of the Covenant pn
Arka Przymierza
the sacred container, a gold-plated wooden chest

Arkansas /ɑɹˈkæn.zəs/ /ˈɑɹ.kən.sɔ/ pn
Arkansas
US state

Arkhangelsk pn
Archangielsk
city in Russia

Armageddon /ˌɑɹ.məˈɡɛ.dn̩/ /ˌɑː(ɹ).məˈɡɛ.dn̩/ pn
Har-Magedon
site

Armenia /ɑɹˈmi.ni.ə/ /ɑːˈmiː.ni.ə/ pn
Armenia
ancient kingdom and country

Armenian /ɑːɹˈmiːni.ən/ /ɑːˈmiːni.ən/ adj
ormiański armeński
of, from, or pertaining to Armenia, Armenians, the language or alphabet

Armenian /ɑːɹˈmiːni.ən/ /ɑːˈmiːni.ən/ n
Armeńczyk Armenka Ormianin Ormianka
person

Armenian /ɑːɹˈmiːni.ən/ /ɑːˈmiːni.ən/ pn
ormiański armeński
language

Armenian Highland pn
Wyżyna Armeńska
plateau in Transcaucasia

Armenian SSR pn
Armeńska SSR
Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

Arminianism n
arminianizm
school of thought

Artaxerxes /ˌɑːtəˈzɜːksiːz/ pn
Artakserkses
the name of several Persian kings

Artemis /ˈɑɹtəmɪs/ pn
Artemida
Greek goddess

Arthur /ˈɑɹθəɹ/ /ˈɑːθə(ɹ)/ pn
Artur
male given name

Arthurian adj
arturiański
pertaining to the legend of King Arthur

Artinskian pn
artinsk

Aruba /ˈæ.ɹuː.bə/ pn
Aruba
territory in the Caribbean

Aruküla pn
Aruküla
small borough in Estonia

Aryan /ˈɛəɹi.ən/ n
Aryjczyk Aryjka
in Nazism: a member of an alleged master race of non-Jewish Caucasians

Asa pn
Asa Aza
biblical king

Ascension Day pn
Wniebowstąpienie Pańskie
the fortieth day of Easter

Asclepius /əˈskliːpi.əs/ pn
Asklepios
Greek god of medicine and healing

Ash Wednesday n
Popielec Środa Popielcowa
the Christian day of penitence 46 days before Easter

Ashgabat pn
Aszchabad
the capital of Turkmenistan

Ashkenazi /ˌæʃkɪˈnɑːzi/ /ˌɑːʃkɪˈnɑːzi/ adj
aszkenazyjski
of, or relating to Jews from Germany or Eastern Europe

Ashkenazi /ˌæʃkɪˈnɑːzi/ /ˌɑːʃkɪˈnɑːzi/ n
aszkenazyjczyk
Jew from Germany or Eastern Europe

Ashoka /əˈʃoʊkə/ /əˈʃəʊkə/ pn
Aśoka
emperor

Asia /ˈeɪʒə/ pn
Azja
the continent of Asia
province of Roman empire

Asia Minor pn
Azja Mniejsza
peninsula between the Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea

Asian /ˈeɪʒən/ adj
azjatycki
of, relating to or from Asia

Asian /ˈeɪʒən/ n
Azjatka Azjata
person from Asia

Asian lion /ˈeɪʒən ˈlaɪən/ n
lew azjatycki lew indyjski lew perski
species of lion that inhabited Asia

Asperger's syndrome /ˈæspɜːɡəz ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ /ˈæspɝɡɚz ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ n
zespół Aspergera
autism related developmental disorder

Asselian pn
assel

Assyria /əˈsɪɹi.ə/ pn
Asyria
Semitic Akkadian kingdom

Assyrian /əˈsɪɹi.ən/ adj
asyryjski
of or pertaining to the ancient nation and empire, including the northern half of Mesopotamia
of or pertaining to the ancient region on the Upper Tigris river

Assyrian /əˈsɪɹi.ən/ n
Asyryjczyk
a citizen of an ancient nation and empire, including the northern half of Mesopotamia
a person who resided in the ancient region on the Upper Tigris river

Astana /æsˈtɑːnə/ /əsˈtɑːnə/ pn
Astana
the capital of Kazakhstan

Astrakhan /æstɹəˈkæn/ pn
Astrachań
city and region in Russia

Asturian /æsˈtʊə.ɹi.ən/ /æsˈtʊɹ.i.ən/ adj
asturyjski
of or pertaining to Asturias in Spain
of or pertaining to the Asturian language

Asturias /æsˈtʊə.ɹi.əs/ /æsˈtʊɹ.i.əs/ pn
Asturia
autonomous community and province of Spain

Athanasius /ˌæθəˈneɪsi.əs/ pn
Atanazy
male given name

Athena /əˈθiːnə/ pn
Atena
Greek goddess

Athens /ˈeɪθənz/ /ˈæθənz/ pn
Ateny
capital city of Greece

Atlanta /ætˈlæntə/ pn
Atlanta
capital and largest city of the State of Georgia

Atlantic /ætˈlæn.tɪk/ /ətˈlæn.tɪk/ adj
atlantycki
pertaining to the Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic /ætˈlæn.tɪk/ /ətˈlæn.tɪk/ pn
Atlantyk Ocean Atlantycki
the Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic Ocean pn
Ocean Atlantycki Atlantyk
the ocean lying between the Americas to the west and Europe and Africa to the east

Atlantic herring n
śledź pospolity
Clupea harengus

Atlantic puffin n
maskonur
Fratercula arctica

Atlantic tomcod n
tomkod atlantycki
Microgadus tomcod

Atlantis /ətˈlæntəs/ pn
Atlantyda
mythical country said to have sunk into the ocean

Atomic Age /əˈtɑːmɪk ˌeɪd͡ʒ/ /əˈtɒmɪk ˌeɪd͡ʒ/ pn
era atomu
era during which nuclear energy was developed

Attica pn
Attyka
periphery

Audouin's gull n
mewa sródziemnomorska
Ichthyaetus audouinii

Augeas /ɔːˈdʒiːəs/ pn
Augiasz
king

Augsburg pn
Augsburg
city in southern Germany

August /ˈɑ.ɡəst/ /ˈɔ.ɡəst/ /ˈɔː.ɡəst/ pn
sierpień
eighth month of the Gregorian calendar

Augustine /ɔːˈɡʌstɪn/ /əˈɡʌstɪn/ /ˈɑɡəˌstin/ pn
Augustyn
male given name

Aukštaitija pn
Auksztota
region of Lithuania

Aurelia pn
Aurelia
female given name

Auriga pn
Woźnica
constellation

Auschwitz /ˈaʊ̯ʃ.vɪts/ pn
Oświęcim
city in Poland

Austerlitz /ˈɔstɚlɪts/ /ˈɔːstəlɪts/ pn
Austerlitz
former name of Slavkov u Brna

Australasia /ˌɒstɹ(ə)lˈeɪʒə/ /ˌɔstɹl̩ˈæɪʒɐ/ pn
Australazja
Australia, NZ, New Guinea and neighbouring islands

Australia /ɑˈstɹeɪliə/ /ɒˈstɹeɪliːə/ /ɒˈstɹeɪljə/ /ɔˈstɹeɪliə/ /ɔːˈstɹeɪlɪə/ /əˈstɹæɪljə/ /əˈstɹɛliːə/ pn
Australia
Commonwealth of Australia
continent of Australia

Australian /ɑˈstɹeɪ.li.ən/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.liː.ən/ /ɔˈstɹeɪ.li.ən/ /əˈstɹæɪ.ljən/ adj
australijski
of or pertaining to Australia, the Australian people or languages

Australian /ɑˈstɹeɪ.li.ən/ /ɒˈstɹeɪ.liː.ən/ /ɔˈstɹeɪ.li.ən/ /əˈstɹæɪ.ljən/ n
Australijczyk Australijka
a person from the country of Australia or of Australian descent

Australian white ibis n
ibis czarnopióry
species of wading bird

Austria /ˈɑst.ɹi.ə/ /ˈɒs.tɹɪə/ /ˈɔs.tɹi.ə/ /ˈɔːs.tɹɪə/ pn
Austria Rakusy
country in Central Europe

Austria-Hungary pn
Austro-Węgry
former country in Central Europe

Austrian /ˈɒstɹi.ən/ /ˈɔːstɹi.ən/ adj
austriacki
related to Austria

Austrian /ˈɒstɹi.ən/ /ˈɔːstɹi.ən/ n
Austriak Austriaczka
Austrian person

Austro-Hungarian adj
austro-węgierski austrowęgierski
of or pertaining to the monarchy composed of Austria and Hungary

Avar /ˈævɑɹ/ adj
awarski
of or pertaining to the Avar language or people

Avar /ˈævɑɹ/ n
Awar Awarka
person

Avar /ˈævɑɹ/ pn
awarski
language

Avestan /əˈvɛst(ə)n/ adj
awestyjski
of or pertaining to Avesta

Avestan /əˈvɛst(ə)n/ pn
awestyjski
Old Iranian language

Avignon pn
Awinion
city in Provence

Avogadro's number n
stała Avogadra
number of atoms present in 0.012 kilograms of isotopically pure carbon-12

Azerbaijan /ˌæz.ə(ɹ).baɪˈ(d)ʒɑːn/ pn
Azerbejdżan
country

Azerbaijan SSR pn
Azerbejdżańska SRR
Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

Azerbaijani /ˌæzəbaɪˈdʒɑːni/ /ˌæzəɹbaɪˈdʒɑːni/ adj
azerbejdżański azerski
pertaining to Azerbaijan

Azerbaijani /ˌæzəbaɪˈdʒɑːni/ /ˌæzəɹbaɪˈdʒɑːni/ pn
azerski
language of Azerbaijan

Azores /əˈzɔːz/ /ˈeɪzɔːɹz/ pn
Azory
an archipelago and an autonomous region

Azrael pn
Azrael
angel of death

BBC pn
BBC
British Broadcasting Corporation

BBS n
BBS
bulletin board system

BC adv
p.n.Chr. przed Chr.
before Christ

BCE adv
p.n.e.
before the common era

BRIC pn
BRIC
Brazil, Russia, India, and China

Baba Yaga pn
Baba Jaga Baba Jędza Baba Rogu Baba-Jaga
hag who flies through the air in a mortar

Babism n
babizm
19th-century Persian pantheistical religious sect

Babylonian adj
babiloński
of or pertaining to the city of Babylon
of or pertaining to the kingdom of Babylonia

Babylonian n
babilonka babilończyk
person from the city of Babylon
person from the kingdom of Babylonia

Bactria /ˈbæktɹɪə/ pn
Baktria
Greek name for ancient country

Bactrian camel /ˈbæktɹɪən ˈkæməl/ n
baktrian wielbłąd dwugarbny
Camelus bactrianus

Baden-Württemberg [ˌbɑːdən ˈvɜːtəmbɜːɡ] pn
Badenia-Wirtembergia
state of Germany

Baghdad /bæɡˈdæd/ pn
Bagdad
city

Bahamas /bəˈhɑː.məz/ pn
Bahamy
country in the Caribbean

Bahrain /bɑːˈɹeɪn/ pn
Bahrajn
country in the Middle East

Bahraini adj
bahrański bahrajński
of, from, or pertaining to Bahrain or the Bahraini people

Bahraini n
Bahrajńczyk Bahrajnka
a person from Bahrain or of Bahraini descent

Baikal /baɪˈkɑːl/ /ˌbaɪˈkɑːl/ pn
Bajkał
a large lake in Russia

Baikonur /ˌbaɪ.kəˈnɪə(ɹ)/ pn
Bajkonur
city and cosmodrome in Kazakhstan

Baird's sandpiper n
biegus długoskrzydły
Calidris bairdii

Bajocian pn
bajos

Bakelite /ˈbeɪk.ə.laɪt/ n
bakelit
heat-resisting chemically inert resin

Baker pn
Piekarz
Occupational surname

Bakhchisaray pn
Bakczysaraj
city in Crimea

Baku /bɑːˈkuː/ pn
Baku
the capital city of Azerbaijan

Bakuvian adj
bakijski
of or relating to Baku

Bakuvian n
bakijczyk bakijka
inhabitant or native of Baku

Balearic Islands pn
Baleary
group of Mediterranean islands

Bali /ˈbɑːli/ pn
Bali
island of Indonesia

Balkan /ˈbɔːlkən/ adj
bałkański
Of or relating to the Balkan Peninsula

Balkanization /ˌbɑl.kən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌbɔːl.kən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
bałkanizacja
fragmentation of a region into several small states

Balkans /ˈbɑl.kənz/ /ˈbɔːl.kənz/ pn
Bałkany
geographical region in the southeast of Europe

Balochistan pn
Beludżystan
region on the Iranian plateau in south-western Asia

Balt [bɔːlt] n
Bałt Bałtyjka
inhabitant of one of the modern Baltic states

Baltic /ˈbɑl.tɪk/ /ˈbɔl.tɪk/ /ˈbɔːl.tɪk/ adj
bałtycki
pertaining to the Baltic languages
pertaining to the Balts
of the Baltic region or sea

Baltic Sea pn
Morze Bałtyckie Bałtyk
a sea

Baltic herring n
sałaka
Clupea harengus membras

Balto-Slavic adj
bałtosłowiański
of or pertaining o the Balto-Slavic language, people or culture

Balzacian /balˈzakɪ.ən/ /bɔlˈzæki.ən/ adj
balzakowski
of or pertaining to Honoré de Balzac or his writings

Bambara pn
bamana bambara
language

Bamboo Curtain pn
Bambusowa kurtyna
political barrier between communist and capitalist in Asia

Banach space n
przestrzeń Banacha
complete normed vector space

Banderite adj
banderowski
of or related to Stepan Bandera or his political movement

Banderite n
banderowiec banderowka
a member of Stepan Bandera movement

Bangalore /ˈbæŋɡəlɔːɹ/ /ˌbæŋɡəˈlɔː/ pn
Bangalur
state capital of Karnataka, India

Bangkok /bæŋˈkɒk/ pn
Bangkok
the capital of Thailand

Bangladesh /ˌbæŋ.ɡlə.ˈdɛʃ/ pn
Bangladesz
country

Bangladeshi adj
bangladeski
of, from, or pertaining to Bangladesh

Baptist adj
baptystyczny
of the Baptist religious denomination

Barbados /bɑɹˈbeɪ.doʊs/ /bɑː(ɹ)ˈbeɪ.dɒs/ pn
Barbados
country in the Caribbean

Barbara /ˈbɑɹb(ə)ɹə/ /ˈbɑːb(ə)ɹə/ pn
Barbara
cognates and transliterations of female given name

Barbary /ˈbɑː(ɹ)bəɹi/ pn
Berberia
Mediterranean North Africa

Barbary macaque n
magot makak berberyjski makak magot
Macaca sylvanus

Barcelona /ˌbɑɹsəˈloʊnə/ /ˌbɑːsəˈləʊnə/ pn
Barcelona
capital of Catalonia

Barents Sea pn
Morze Barentsa
part of the Arctic Ocean

Barnabas /ˈbɑɹnəbəs/ pn
Barnaba
An early Christian
male given name

Barnaul pn
Barnauł
city in Russia

Baroque /bəˈɹoʊk/ /bəˈɹɒk/ pn
barok
period in architecture
period in art
period in music

Baroque guitar n
gitara barokowa
archaic form of guitar from the Baroque era

Bartholomew /bɑɹˈtɑləmi/ /bɑɹˈθɑləmju/ /bɑːˈθɒləmjuː/ pn
Bartłomiej Bartosz
male given name
Bartłomiej
the Apostle

Bartonian pn
barton

Baruch pn
Baruch
given name

Barysaw pn
Borysów
A city in Belarus

Basel pn
Bazylea
city in Switzerland

Bashkir /bæʃˈkɪə/ /bɑːʃˈkɪəɹ/ adj
baszkirski
of or relating to Bashkortostan or its people

Bashkir /bæʃˈkɪə/ /bɑːʃˈkɪəɹ/ n
Baszkir Baszkirka
a Bashkir person

Bashkir /bæʃˈkɪə/ /bɑːʃˈkɪəɹ/ pn
baszkirski
language

Bashkirian adj
baszkirski
of or relating to Bashkiria

Bashkirian n
Baszkir Baszkirka
native or inhabitant of Bashkiria

Bashkirian pn
baszkir
Bashkirian geologic stage

Bashkortostan [baʃˈko̞ː(ɹ)təʉ̯stæn] [bɑʃˈkɔɹtoə̯stɛən] pn
Baszkortostan Baszkiria
federal subject of Russia

Basil /ˈbæz.əl/ pn
Bazyli
male given name

Basque /bæsk/ /bɑːsk/ adj
baskijski
relative to the Basque people or their language

Basque /bæsk/ /bɑːsk/ n
baskijski język baskijski
language
Bask Baskijka
member of a people

Bathonian pn
baton

Bats pn
bacbijski
language

Battle of Britain pn
bitwa o Anglię
series of air engagements between the British Royal Air Force and the German Luftwaffe during World War II

Baudelairean /ˌboʊdəˈlɛɹi.ən/ /ˌbəʊd(ə)ˈlɛəɹɪ.ən/ adj
baudelairowski
of or pertaining to Baudelaire or his works

Bautzen [ˈbaʊtsən] pn
Budziszyn
city in Germany

Bavaria /bəˈveəɹɪə/ pn
Bawaria
state

Bavarian /bəˈvɛəɹɪən/ adj
bawarski
of or pertaining to Bavaria

Bavarian /bəˈvɛəɹɪən/ n
Bawarczyk Bawarka Bawar
person from Bavaria or of Bavarian descent

Bayonne pn
Bajonna
city and commune of southwest France

Beatrice /ˈbiː(ə)tɹɪs/ pn
Beata
female given name

Beaufort scale pn
Beauforta skala
measure for the intensity of the wind

Bechuanaland /ˌbɛtʃuˈɑːnəlænd/ pn
Beczuana
former name for Botswana

Beethovenian /ˌbeɪt(h)əʊˈviːnɪən/ /ˌbeɪtoʊˈvini.ən/ adj
beethovenowski
of or pertaining to Ludwig van Beethoven

Beetle n
garbus
Volkswagen car

Beijing /beɪˈdʒɪŋ/ /beɪˈʒɪŋ/ pn
Pekin
capital of China

Beirut /beɪˈɹuːt/ pn
Bejrut
capital of Lebanon

Belainsky pn
Belansky
surname​

Belansky pn
Belansky

Belarus /ˌbəˈlɑɹʌs/ /ˌbɛləˈɹus/ /ˌbɛləˈɹuːs/ pn
Białoruś
country

Belarusian /ˌbɛləˈɹuːsi.ən/ adj
białoruski
pertaining to Belarus

Belarusian /ˌbɛləˈɹuːsi.ən/ n
białoruski
language
Białorusin Białorusinka
person from Belarus or of Belarusian descent

Belfast /ˈbɛl.fæst/ pn
Belfast
capital of Northern Ireland

Belgian /ˈbɛl.dʒən/ [ˈbɛɬ.ɡi.ən] adj
belgijski
of or pertaining to Belgians or Belgian people
of or pertaining to Belgium

Belgian /ˈbɛl.dʒən/ [ˈbɛɬ.ɡi.ən] n
Belg Belgijka
Belgian, person from Belgium

Belgian Sheepdog n
owczarek belgijski
Umbrella term for the four Belgian sheepdog variants

Belgium /ˈbɛldʒəm/ pn
Belgia
country in Europe

Belgorod pn
Białygród Biełgorod
a city in Russia

Belgrade /ˈbɛlɡɹeɪd/ pn
Belgrad Białygród
capital of Serbia

Belgradian adj
belgradzki
of, from or pertaining to Belgrade

Belgradian n
belgradczyk belgradka
someone from Belgrade

Belize /bəˈliːz/ pn
Belize
country

Belizean adj
belizeński
Pertaining to Belize

Belmopan pn
Belmopan
Belmopan

Benedict /ˈbɛnədɪkt/ pn
Benedykt
male given name

Benedictine n
benedyktyn
monk or nun

Benevento pn
Benewent
town and capital of Benevento

Bengal tiger n
tygrys bengalski
Panthera tigris tigris

Bengali n
bengali język bengalski
language

Benghazi pn
Bengazi
Benghazi, Libya

Benin /bəˈnin/ /bɛˈnɪn/ pn
Benin
country

Beninese adj
beniński
of, from, or pertaining to Benin

Beninese n
Beninka Benińczyk
person

Benjamin /ˈbɛndʒəmɪn/ pn
Beniamin
male given name
the youngest son of Jacob

Benzion pn
Bencijjon Bencijon Bencjon
given name

Berber adj
berberyjski
of the Berber people

Berber n
Berber Berberyjka
Member of northwest African ethnic group

Berdichev pn
Berdyczów
city in Ukraine

Bergamo /ˈbɜːɡəˌməʊ/ /ˈbɝɡəˌmoʊ/ pn
Bergamo
city and capital of Bergamo
province of Italy

Bering Sea pn
Morze Beringa
sea

Berkshire /bəɹkʃəɹ/ /ˈbɑːkʃə/ pn
Berkshire
inland county in England

Berlin /bə.ˈlɪn/ /ˈbɚ.lɪn/ /ˈbɜː.lɪn/ [bɚ.ˈlɪn] pn
Berlin
capital city of Germany

Berlin Wall pn
Mur Berliński mur berliński
wall that parted Berlin

Bermuda /bəˈmjuːdə/ /bɚˈmjuːdə/ pn
Bermudy
island group

Bermuda shorts n
bermudy
a type of knee-high shorts

Bermudian adj
bermudzki
of, from or pertaining to Bermuda

Bermudian n
Bermudczyk Bermudka
person from Bermuda or of Bermudian descent

Bern /bɛ(ɹ)n/ /bɜː(ɹ)n/ pn
Berno
city
canton

Bernadette pn
Bernadeta
female given name

Bernard /bəɹˈnɑɹd/ /ˈbɜːnəd/ pn
Bernard
male given name

Bernese /ˌbɜːˈniːz/ adj
berneński
of, from, or pertaining to Bern

Beskids /ˈbɛskɪdz/ pn
Beskidy
mountain range

Bessarabia pn
Besarabia
region

Betelgeuse /ˈbiːtəldʒuːz/ pn
Betelgeza
supergiant

Bethesda /bə.θɛz.də/ pn
Betesda
pool in Jerusalem

Bethlehem /ˈbɛθləhɛm/ pn
Betlejem
City

Bełchatów pn
Bełchatów
city

Bhubaneswar pn
Bhubaneśwar
capital of Odisha, India

Bhutan /buːˈtɑːn/ pn
Bhutan
Himalayan country

Bhutanese /bu.təˈniːz/ adj
bhutański
pertaining to Bhutan

Bhutanese /bu.təˈniːz/ n
Bhutanka Bhutańczyk
person from Bhutan

Białystok pn
Białystok
city

Bible /ˈbaɪbəl/ pn
Biblia Pismo Święte
Christian holy book

Big Apple pn
Wielkie Jabłko
nickname for New York City

Big Bang pn
Wielki Wybuch
cosmic event

Big Brother pn
Wielki Brat

Big Dipper pn
Wielki Wóz
bright circumpolar asterism of the northern sky

Big Mac /bɪɡ mæk/ n
Big Mac
burger

Birobidzhan pn
Birobidżan
city in Russia

Bishkek /bɪʃˈkɛk/ pn
Biszkek
capital of Kyrgyzstan

Bishnupriya Manipuri pn
bisznuprija-manipuri
language

Bithynia /bɪˈθɪni.ə/ pn
Bitynia
ancient region

Bitola pn
Bitola
city

Black Death pn
czarna śmierć
14th century pandemic outbreak

Black Forest pn
Czarny Las Schwarzwald
German forest and mountain range

Black Forest gâteau n
tort szwarcwaldzki
type of gâteau originating in the Black Forest region of Germany

Black Sea pn
Morze Czarne
an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Asia Minor

Blackbeard pn
Czarnobrody
pirate's name

Blagoevgrad pn
Błagojewgrad
town in Bulgaria

Blagoveshchensk pn
Błagowieszczeńsk
city in Siberia

Blaise pn
Błażej
male given name

Blanche pn
Blanka
female given name

Blasius pn
Błażej
male given name

Blitzen pn
Błyskawiczny
reindeer of Santa Claus

Bloemfontein /ˈbluːmfɒnˌteɪn/ pn
Bloemfontein
city

Bluebeard pn
Sinobrody
the famous fairy tale
the title character

Bluetooth /ˈblutuθ/ /ˈbluːtuːθ/ pn
Sinozęby
nickname of a Danish king
Bluetooth
personal area wireless network

Boeotia /biːˈəʊʃə/ pn
Beocja
a district in Greece

Boeotian /biːˈəʊʃən/ adj
beocki
pertaining to Boeotia

Bogdan pn
Bogdan
Male given name

Bogomil /ˈbɒɡəmɪl/ n
bogomił
member of a dualist Christian sect

Bogota /ˌboʊɡəˈtɑː/ pn
Bogota
capital of Colombia

Bohemia /boʊˈhimiə/ pn
Czechy
The region of the Czech Republic

Bohemism n
bohemizm czechizm
a word or idiom of the Czech language

Bokmål n
bokmål
language

Bolivia /boʊˈlɪv.i.ə/ /bəˈlɪv.i.ə/ pn
Boliwia
country in South America

Bolivian /bəˈlɪv.i.ən/ adj
boliwijski
pertaining to Bolivia

Bolivian /bəˈlɪv.i.ən/ n
Boliwijczyk Boliwijka
Bolivian person

Bologna /bəˈloʊnjə/ /bəˈlɒnjə/ pn
Bolonia
city
province

Bolognese /ˌbɒləˈneɪz/ adj
boloński
of or relating to Bologna

Bolshevik /ˈboʊ̯lʃəvɪk/ /ˈbɒlʃəvɪk/ n
bolszewik
a member of the majority faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party, which seized power in the October Revolution of 1917

Bolzano pn
Bolzano
town and capital of Bolzano
province of Italy

Bonaparte's gull n
mewa kanadyjska
Chroicocephalus philadelphia

Bonapartism /ˈbəʊnəpɑːtɪzəm/ /ˌboʊnəˈpɑɹ(ˌ)tɪzəm/ n
bonapartyzm
pratices and ideology of Napoleon Bonaparte

Bonapartist adj
bonapartystyczny
relating to Bonapartism

Bonapartist n
bonapartysta bonapartystka
one attached to Napoleon's policy

Bonaventure pn
Bonawentura
male given name

Boolean /ˈbuli.ən/ /ˈbuːl.i.ən/ adj
boolowski
logic: pertaining to data items that have values “true” and “false”

Bordeaux /bɔɹdoʊ/ pn
Bordeaux
a city in France

Boreas /ˈbɔɹɪəs/ /ˈbɔːɹɪəs/ pn
Boreasz
Greek god

Boris /ˈbɔɹɪs/ pn
Borys
male given name

Borjomi pn
Bordżomi
resort town

Bornean adj
borneański
from or pertaining to Borneo

Bornean pn
Borneańczyk
someone from Borneo

Bose-Einstein condensate n
kondensat Bosego-Einsteina
gaseous superfluid

Bosnia /ˈbɑz.ni.ə/ /ˈbɒz.ni.ə/ pn
Bośnia
short for 'Bosnia and Herzegovina'

Bosnia and Herzegovina /ˈbɒzni.ə ænd hɜɹtsɨˈɡoʊvɨnə/ /ˈbɒzni.ə ænd ˌhɜɹtsɨɡoʊˈviːnə/ /ˈbɒzni.ə ənd hɜɹtsɨˈɡoʊvɨnə/ /ˈbɒzni.ə ənd ˌhɜɹtsɨɡoʊˈviːnə/ pn
Bośnia i Hercegowina
country on the Balkan peninsula

Bosniak n
Bośniaczka Bośniak

Bosnian /ˈbɑːzni.ən/ /ˈbɒzni.ən/ adj
bośniacki
of or pertaining to Bosnia

Bosnian /ˈbɑːzni.ən/ /ˈbɒzni.ən/ n
Bośniak Bośniaczka
the people

Bosphorus /ˈbɑs.fɚ.əs/ /ˈbɒs.fəɹ.əs/ pn
Bosfor
a strait that passes through Istanbul

Botswana /bɑːtˈswɑːnə/ /bɒtˈswɑːnə/ pn
Botswana
Republic of Botswana

Bouvet Island pn
Wyspa Bouveta
uninhabited volcanic island in the South Atlantic Ocean

Boxing Day /ˈbɑːksɪŋ deɪ/ /ˈbɒksɪŋ deɪ/ n
drugi dzień świąt
Boxing Day

Boötes /boʊˈoʊtiːz/ pn
Wolarz
a constellation

Brabant /ˈbɹæbənt/ pn
Brabancja
former province of central Belgium
historical region

Brabantian adj
brabancki
pertaining to Brabant

Brandenburg pn
Brandenburgia
state
city

Brasília /bɹɑˈsiːli.ə/ pn
Brazylia
The capital of Brazil

Bratislava /ˌbɹætɨˈslɑːvə/ pn
Bratysława
The capital of Slovakia

Bratislavan adj
bratysławski
of, from or pertaining to Bratislava

Bratislavan n
bratysławianin bratysławianka
someone from Bratislava

Bratslav pn
Bracław
town in Ukraine

Brazil /bɹəˈzɪl/ pn
Brazylia
Portuguese-speaking country in South America

Brazilian /bɹəˈzɪlɪən/ adj
brazylijski
pertaining to Brazil

Brazilian /bɹəˈzɪlɪən/ n
Brazylijczyk Brazylijka
person from Brazil

Bremen /ˈbɹeɪmən/ pn
Brema
city
state

Brescia /ˈbɹɛʃə/ pn
Brescia
city and province of Italy

Brest /bɹɛst/ pn
Brest
A city in Brittany
Brześć
A city in Belarus

Breton /ˈbɹɛtən/ adj
bretoński
pertaining to Brittany

Breton /ˈbɹɛtən/ n
Bretonka Bretończyk
person from Brittany
bretoński
the language

Bridget /ˈbɹɪd͡ʒɪt/ pn
Brygida
female given name

Briseis /bɹaɪˈsiːɪs/ pn
Bryzejda
legendary figure featured in the Iliad

Britain /ˈbɹɪ.tn̩/ /ˈbɹɪ.tən/ pn
Brytania
island

British /ˈbɹɪt.ɪʃ/ [ˈbɹɪ.ʔɪʃ] [ˈbɹɪɾ.ɪʃ] adj
brytyjski
of Britain
colloquial: of the UK

British /ˈbɹɪt.ɪʃ/ [ˈbɹɪ.ʔɪʃ] [ˈbɹɪɾ.ɪʃ] pn
Brytyjczycy
citizens or inhabitants of Britain
the citizens or inhabitants of the UK

British Columbia /ˈbɹɪt.ɪʃ kə.ˈlʌm.bi.ə/ pn
Kolumbia Brytyjska
province of Canada

British English n
brytyjski angielski
English language as in Britain, especially in England

British Isles /ˌbɹɪ.tɪʃ ˈaɪlz/ pn
Wyspy Brytyjskie
group of islands

British Virgin Islands pn
Brytyjskie Wyspy Dziewicze
British overseas territory

Briton /ˈbɹɪtən/ n
Brytyjczyk Brytyjka
inhabitant of Great Britain

Brittany /ˈbɹɪtəni/ pn
Bretania
region of North West France

Bronze Age pn
epoka brązu
archaeology

Brown pn
Brązowski
surname meaning "brown", or indicating a dark complexion

Brownshirt n
brunatna koszula
a uniformed member of the Nazi party

Bruges /bɹuːʒ/ pn
Brugia
city in Belgium

Brumaire /bɹuːˈmɛː/ /bɹʊˈmɛəɹ/ pn
brumaire
the second month of the French Republican Calendar

Brunei /bɹuːˈnaɪ/ pn
Brunei
a country in Southeast Asia

Bruneian adj
brunejski
pertaining to Brunei

Bruneian n
Brunejczyk Brunejka
person from Brunei

Brunswick pn
Brunszwik
Braunschweig, Germany

Brusselian adj
brukselski
of, from, or pertaining to, Brussels

Brusselian n
brukselczyk brukselka
someone from Brussels

Brussels /ˈbɹʌsəlz/ pn
Bruksela
capital of Belgium

Brussels sprout n
brukselka
vegetable

Brutus /ˈbɹutəs/ pn
Brutus
Roman cognomen

Bryansk pn
Briańsk
city in Russia

Brythonic /bɹɪˈθɒnɪk/ adj
brytański
of or relating to the Brythonic language subgroup

Bucephalus pn
Bucefał
the warhorse of Alexander the Great

Bucharest /ˌbuːkəˈɹɛst/ pn
Bukareszt
The capital of Romania

Bucharestian adj
bukareszteński
of, from, or pertaining to Bucharest

Bucharestian n
bukaresztenka bukareszteńczyk
someone from Bucharest

Buckingham Palace pn
pałac Buckingham
the official London residence of the British monarch

Budapest /ˈbuːdəpɛst/ pn
Budapeszt
the capital city of Hungary

Budapestian adj
budapeszteński
of, from or pertaining to Budapest

Budapestian n
budapesztenka budapeszteńczyk
someone from Budapest

Buddha /buːdə/ /bʊdə/ /bʊdːʰə/ pn
Budda
spiritual and philosophical teacher

Buddhahood n
oświecenie stan buddy
state of being enlightened by Buddhist teachings

Buddhism /ˈbu.dɪ.zəm/ n
buddyzm
religion and philosophy

Buddhist /ˈbudɪst/ adj
buddyjski
of, relating to, or practicing Buddhism

Buddhist /ˈbudɪst/ n
buddysta buddystka
practitioner of Buddhism

Buenos Aires /ˌbweɪnoʊs ˈaɪɹeɪs/ pn
Buenos Aires
capital of Argentina

Bukhara /buˈkɑːɹə/ pn
Buchara
city in Uzbekistan

Bulgaria /bʌlˈɡɛə.ɹi.ə/ /bʌlˈɡɛɹ.i.ə/ pn
Bułgaria
country

Bulgarian /bʌlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ adj
bułgarski
relating to Bulgaria, its people or the Bulgarian language

Bulgarian /bʌlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ n
bułgarski
language
Bułgar Bułgarka Bułgarzyn
native of Bulgaria

Bunsen burner n
palnik Bunsena
small laboratory gas burner

Burdigalian pn
burdygał

Burgas pn
Burgas
city in Bulgaria

Burgundy /ˈbɜːɡəndi/ /ˈbɝːɡəndi/ pn
Burgundia
region

Burkina Faso /bəː(ɹ)ˈkiːnə ˈfɑsoʊ/ pn
Burkina Faso
country

Burma /ˈbɜːmə/ /ˈbɝmə/ pn
Birma
Southeast Asian country (former name)

Burmese /bɜːˈmiːz/ /bɝˈmiz/ adj
birmański
Of or relating to Burma

Burmese /bɜːˈmiːz/ /bɝˈmiz/ n
Birmanka Birmańczyk
a person from Myanmar or of Burmese descent

Burmese /bɜːˈmiːz/ /bɝˈmiz/ pn
birmański
language

Burundi /bʊˈɹʊndi/ pn
Burundi
a country in Eastern Africa

Burundian adj
burundyjski
pertaining to Burundi

Burundian n
Burundyjczyk Burundyjka
person from Burundi

Buryat adj
buriacki
from, of, or pertaining to, Buryatia

Buryat n
Buriat Buriatka
person

Buryatia pn
Buriacja
Buryatia, Russia

Busan pn
Pusan
Busan, South Korea

Bushism pn
buszyzm
political philosophy

Byblos pn
Byblos
port city in Lebanon

Bydgoszcz pn
Bydgoszcz
a city in Poland

Byelorussian SSR /ˌbjɛləˈrʌʃən/ pn
Białoruska SRR
Soviet republic

Byron /ˈbaɪɹən/ pn
Bajron Byron
famous English poet

Byzantine /bɪˈzæntaɪn/ /ˈbɪzəntiːn/ adj
bizantyjski bizantyński
of or pertaining to Byzantium
overly complex or intricate

Byzantine /bɪˈzæntaɪn/ /ˈbɪzəntiːn/ n
Bizantyjczyk Bizantyńczyk Bizantyjka
native of Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire /ˈbɪzəntiːn ˈɛmpaɪə(ɹ)/ pn
Cesarstwo bizantyjskie
Greek-speaking empire in the Eastern Mediterranean region

Byzantium /bɪˈzænti.əm/ pn
Bizancjum
ancient Greek city

Będzin pn
Będzin
the lake Będzin
the town Będzin
the village Będzin

C++ pn
C++
C++

CCTV n
telewizja przemysłowa telewizja obserwacyjna
closed circuit television

CD burner n
nagrywarka CD
CD burner

CE pn
n.e.
Common/Current/Christian Era

CIS pn
WNP
Commonwealth of Independent States

COPD n
POChP
disease

CPU /(ˌ)siː(ˌ)piːˈjuː/ /ˌsi(ˌ)piˈju/ n
procesor
Central processing unit

Cadiz /kəˈdɪz/ pn
Kadyks
port city in Andalusia, Spain

Caelum pn
Rylec
constellation

Caesar /ˈkaɪzə(ɹ)/ /ˈkaɪzɚ/ /ˈsiːzə(ɹ)/ n
cezar
a title of Roman emperors

Caesar /ˈkaɪzə(ɹ)/ /ˈkaɪzɚ/ /ˈsiːzə(ɹ)/ pn
Cezar
ancient Roman family name

Caesar salad n
Cezar
Caesar salad

Caesarea /ˌsiːzəˈɹiːə/ pn
Cezarea
any of the places called Caesarea

Caesarean section n
cięcie cesarskie
incision in the womb

Cagliari /ˈkæljəɹi/ pn
Cagliari
capital of Cagliari
province of Italy

Cain /keɪn/ pn
Kain
son of Adam and Eve

Cairene adj
kairski
of or pertaining to Cairo

Cairo /kɛɹoʊ/ /ˈkaɪɹoʊ/ pn
Kair
capital of Egypt

Cajetan pn
Kajetan
male given name

Calabria /kəˈleɪbɹiːə/ pn
Kalabria
region of Italy

Calabrian /kəˈleɪbɹiːən/ pn
kalabr
subdivision of the Pleistocene

Calais /ˈkæleɪ/ pn
Calais
a town in France

Caledonia /kælɪˈdəʊnɪə/ pn
Kaledonia
Latin-based name for Scotland

California /ˌkæl.ɪ.ˈfɔɹ.njə/ pn
Kalifornia
US state

Californian adj
kalifornijski
of or relating to California

Californian n
Kalifornijczyk Kalifornijka
an inhabitant of California

Calliope /kə.ˈlaɪ.ə.pi/ pn
Kaliopa
the Muse of eloquence and epic

Callovian pn
kelowej

Calvary /ˈkælvəɹi/ pn
Golgota Kalwaria
the hill outside Jerusalem

Calvinism n
kalwinizm
Christian religious tradition

Calvinist /ˈkælvənɪst/ adj
kalwiński kalwinistyczny
of or pertaining to Calvinism, a Calvinist or Calvinists

Calvinist /ˈkælvənɪst/ n
kalwinista kalwinistka
follower

Cambodia [kæmˈboʊdi.ə] pn
Kambodża
country in Southeast Asia

Cambodian adj
kambodżański
of, from, or pertaining to Cambodia, the Cambodian people, or the Khmer language

Cambodian n
Kambodżanin Kambodżanka
a person from Cambodia or of Cambodian descent

Cambrian /ˈkam.bɹɪ.ən/ /ˈkæm.bɹi.ən/ pn
kambr
the Cambrian geologic period

Cambrian explosion /ˈkam.bɹɪ.ən ɪkˈspləʊ.ʒən/ /ˈkæm.bɹi.ən ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/ pn
eksplozja kambryjska
the rapid appearance, around 541 million years ago, of most major animal phyla

Camelopardalis pn
Żyrafa
constellation

Cameroon /kæməˈɹuːn/ pn
Kamerun
country in Central Africa

Cameroonian adj
kameruński
pertaining to Cameroon

Cameroonian n
Kameruńczyk Kamerunka
person from Cameroon

Camilla /kəˈmɪlə/ pn
Kamila
female given name

Camorra /kəˈmɒɹə/ /kəˈmɔɹə/ pn
kamora camorra kamorra
crime organization from Naples

Camorrista /ˌkaməˈɹɪstə/ /ˌkɑməˈɹistə/ n
kamorysta kamorystka
member of the Camorra

Canaan /ˈkeɪnən/ pn
Kanaan
historic region

Canaan Dog n
pies kananejski
Canaan Dog

Canada /ˈkænədə/ [kʰɛənədə] pn
Kanada
country in North America

Canadian /kəˈneɪdiən/ adj
kanadyjski
of or pertaining to Canada
of or pertaining to Canadian (the language), Canadian English

Canadian /kəˈneɪdiən/ n
Kanadyjczyk Kanadyjka
person from Canada

Canadian football n
futbol kanadyjski
sport

Canary Islands pn
Wyspy Kanaryjskie
an archipelago off the coast of north-western Africa

Cancer /ˈkænsə/ /ˈkænsɚ/ pn
Rak
astrological sign
constellation

Candace n
Kandake
female given name

Canes Venatici pn
Psy Gończe
constellation

Canis Major pn
Wielki Pies
winter constellation of the northern sky

Canis Minor pn
Mały Pies
small winter constellation of the northern sky

Cannes /ˈkæn/ pn
Cannes
a city in France

Cannizzaro reaction n
reakcja Cannizzaro
reaction

Cantabria pn
Kantabria
autonomous community

Cantabrian adj
kantabryjski
pertaining to Cantabria

Canterbury /ˈkæntəbəɹi/ /ˈkæntəbəɹɪ/ /ˈkɛntɘbɘɹi/ pn
Canterbury
ancient city in England

Cantonese /kæn.təˈniːz/ adj
kantoński
relating to Canton
relating to the Cantonese language
relating to the Cantonese people

Cantonese /kæn.təˈniːz/ n
kantoński
language
kantonka kantończyk
person from Canton

Canute pn
Kanut
Male given name

Cape Town pn
Kapsztad
legislative capital of South Africa

Cape Verde /keɪpˈvɝd/ pn
Republika Zielonego Przylądka Zielony Przylądek
country in Western Africa

Cape Verdean n
Kabowerdyjczyk Kabowerdyjka
a person from Cape Verde or of Cape Verdean descent

Cape of Good Hope pn
Przylądek Dobrej Nadziei
a cape in southwestern South Africa

Capernaum pn
Kafarnaum
The biblical town

Capitanian pn
kapitan
subdivision of the Permian

Capitol pn
Kapitol Stanów Zjednoczonych
legislative building in Washington, D.C.

Capitoline Hill pn
Kapitol
hill

Cappadocia [kæpəˈdoʊʃə] pn
Kapadocja
ancient region

Cappadocian adj
kapadocki
of or pertaining to Cappadocia

Capricorn /ˈkæpɹɪkɔːn/ /ˈkæpɹɪkɔːɹn/ pn
Koziorożec
astrological sign

Capricornus /ˌkæpɹɪˈkɔːnəs/ /ˌkæpɹɪˈkɔːɹnəs/ pn
Koziorożec
constellation

Captain Obvious /ˌkæptən ˈɑbviəs/ /ˌkæptɪn ˈɒbviəs/ n
Kapitan Oczywisty
someone who makes superfluous statements

Capuchin n
kapucyn
a member of the Roman Catholic order

Caracalla /ˌkærəˈkælə/ pn
Karakalla
emperor

Caracas pn
Caracas
capital of Venezuela

Carboniferous adj
karboński
relating to the geologic period

Carboniferous pn
karbon
the geologic period

Care Bears n
Troskliwe Misie
Fictional cartoon bears

Caria pn
Karia
a historical region in the southwest corner of Asia Minor

Carian /ˈkɛːɹɪən/ adj
karyjski
of, or relating to Caria

Carian /ˈkɛːɹɪən/ pn
karyjski
language

Caribbean /ˌkæɹɪˈbiːɪn/ adj
karaibski
Pertaining to the sea and region bounded by the American continent and the West Indies

Caribbean /ˌkæɹɪˈbiːɪn/ pn
Karaiby
countries
Morze Karaibskie
sea

Caribbean Sea pn
Morze Karaibskie
a tropical sea in the Western Hemisphere

Carina pn
Kil
constellation

Carinthia /kəˈrɪnθiə/ pn
Karyntia
state of Austria

Carolina chickadee n
sikora karolińska
Poecile carolinensis

Caroline /ˈkæ.ɹəˌlaɪn/ /ˈkɛɹ.əˌlaɪn/ pn
Karolina
female given name

Carpathians pn
Karpaty
mountainous system in Central Europe

Cartesian product n
iloczyn kartezjański produkt kartezjański
set of possible pairs

Cartesianism n
kartezjanizm
The philosophy of René Descartes

Carthage /ˈkɑɹθɪdʒ/ /ˈkɑːθɪdʒ/ pn
Kartagina
ancient city in North Africa

Carthaginian adj
kartagiński
of or pertaining to Carthage

Casablanca /kæsəˈblæŋkə/ pn
Casablanca Casablanka
city

Casanova /ˌkæsəˈnoʊvə/ /ˌkæsəˈnəʊvə/ n
casanova
man considered romantic and gallant
promiscuous, philandering man

Casimir /ˈkæzɪmɪə(ɹ)/ pn
Kazimierz
male given name

Caspian /ˈkæspi.ən/ adj
kaspijski
Of or pertaining to Caspian Sea or the region around it.

Caspian Sea /ˈkæspi.ən siː/ pn
Morze Kaspijskie
landlocked sea

Caspian gull n
mewa białogłowa
Larus cachinnans

Cassandra /kəˈsæn.dɹə/ pn
Kasandra
prophetess who was daughter of King Priam of Troy

Cassiopeia /ˌkæsi.əˈpiːə/ pn
Kasjopeja
constellation
mythical wife of Cepheus

Castelnau's antshrike n
chronka smolista
passerine bird of the antbird family

Castile /kəsˈtiːl/ pn
Kastylia
medieval Iberian kingdom

Castile and León pn
Kastylia i León
autonomous community of Spain

Castile soap n
mydło kastylijskie
type of soap

Catalan /ˈkæ.tə.ˌlæn/ adj
kataloński
Of or pertaining to Catalonia

Catalan /ˈkæ.tə.ˌlæn/ n
Katalonka Katalończyk
person from Catalonia

Catalan /ˈkæ.tə.ˌlæn/ pn
język kataloński kataloński
language of Catalonia

Catalanness n
katalońskość
identification or conformity with Catalan values and customs

Catalonia /ˌkæt.əˈləʊn.i.ə/ pn
Katalonia
autonomous community in Spain

Catania pn
Katania
capital of Catania
province of Sicily

Catherine /ˈkæθ(ə)ɹɪn/ pn
Katarzyna
female given name

Catholic /ˈkæθəlɪk/ adj
rzymskokatolicki katolicki
of the Roman Catholic church
katolicki
of the Western Christian church, as differentiated from the Orthodox church

Catholic /ˈkæθəlɪk/ n
katolik
member of a Catholic church

Catholic Church n
Kościół katolicki
24 particular churches in full communion with the Pope as the Bishop of Rome

Catholicism /kəˈθɒlɪsɪzm/ n
katolicyzm
faiths, practices and doctrines of a Catholic Church

Caucasian [kɔːˈkeɪʒən] adj
kaukaski
pertaining to the Caucasus region or people
pertaining to the anthropological race

Caucasology n
Kaukazologia
the historical, linguistic or geopolitical studies of Caucasus region

Caucasus /ˈkɔːkəsəs/ pn
Kaukaz
geographic region

Cayman Islands pn
Kajmany
British territory in the Caribbean

Ceará /seɪ.əˈɹɑː/ pn
Ceará
state in north-eastern Brazil

Cecil /ˈsiːsəl/ /ˈsɛsəl/ pn
Cecyliusz
male given name

Cecilia /sɛˈsiːli.ə/ pn
Cecylia
female given name

Celia pn
Celia Celina
female given name

Celine pn
Celina
female given name

Celt /kɛlt/ pn
Celt
ancient

Celtiberian /ˌkɛlt.ɪˈbɪ(ə)r.i.ən/ pn
celtyberyjski
language

Celtic /ˈkɛltɪk/ adj
celtycki celtycka celtyckie
of the Celts; of the style of the Celts

Celtic /ˈkɛltɪk/ pn
celtycki
branch of languages

Celtic studies n
celtologia
academic discipline

Cenomanian pn
cenoman

Cenozoic /ˌkeɪnəʊˈzəʊɪk/ /ˌkɛnɵˈzoʊɪk/ adj
kenozoiczny
of a geological era from 65 million years ago to present

Cenozoic /ˌkeɪnəʊˈzəʊɪk/ /ˌkɛnɵˈzoʊɪk/ pn
era kenozoiczna kenozoik
geological epoch

Centaurus pn
Centaur
spring constellation of the northern sky

Central African Republic pn
Republika Środkowoafrykańska
country in Central Africa

Central America pn
Ameryka Centralna Ameryka Środkowa
part of North America

Central American adj
środkowoamerykański
relating to Central America

Central Asia pn
Azja Środkowa
smaller area of Central Asia

Central Asian adj
środkowoazjatycki
of Central Asia

Central Europe /ˈsɛntɹəl ˈjʊəɹəp/ /ˈsɛntɹəl ˈjʊɹəp/ pn
Europa Środkowa
geographical region in the center of Europe

Central European adj
środkowoeuropejski centralnoeuropejska centralnoeuropejski środkowoeuropejska
Central European

Central European n
Centralna Europejka centralny Europejczyk Środkowa Europejka Środkowoeuropejczyk Środkowoeuropejka Środkowy Europejczyk
Central European person

Cephas pn
Kefas
male given name

Cepheus /ˈsiːfi.əs/ pn
Cefeusz
constellation
mythical husband of Cassiopeia

Cerberus /ˈsɝbəɹəs/ pn
Cerber
mythological three-headed dog

Ceres /ˈsɪəɹiːz/ pn
Ceres
dwarf planet

Cetus pn
Wieloryb
winter constellation of the northern sky

Chad /tʃæd/ pn
Czad
country
lake

Chadian adj
czadyjski
pertaining to Chad

Chadian n
Czadyjczyk Czadyjka
person from Chad

Chadic adj
czadyjski
belonging to a language family in Africa

Chaldean adj
chaldejski
of Chaldea

Chaldean n
Chaldejczyk Chaldejka
native of Chaldea

Chamaeleon pn
Kameleon
small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky

Champagne n
Szampania
region of France

Changhsingian pn
czangsing

Chapman's antshrike n
chronka jasnobrzucha
bird

Charlemagne /ˈʃɑɹlɨmeɪn/ pn
Karol Wielki
king of the Franks

Charles /tʃɑɹlz/ /tʃɑːlz/ pn
Karol
given name

Charles's law /ˌtʃɑːlz ˈlɔː/ pn
prawo Charles'a
physical law stating the density of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its temperature at constant pressure

Charlotte /ˈʃaɹlət/ /ˈʃaːlət/ /ˈʃɑɹlət/ /ˈʃɑːlət/ pn
Szarlota
female given name

Charon /ˈkɛəɹɒn/ /ˈkɛəɹən/ pn
Charon
a moon of Pluto
the ferryman of Hades

Charybdis /kəˈɹɪbdɪs/ pn
Charybda
Greek mythological monster

Chattian pn
szat
a subdivision of the Oligocene epoch

Cheboksary /ˌt͡ʃɛbɒkˈsæɹiː/ pn
Czeboksary
city

Chechen /ˈtʃɛ.tʃɛn/ adj
czeczeński
of or relating to the Chechen people

Chechen /ˈtʃɛ.tʃɛn/ n
Czeczen Czeczenka
A member of the Chechen people

Chechen /ˈtʃɛ.tʃɛn/ pn
czeczeński
language

Chechnya /ˈtʃɛtʃ.ni.ə/ pn
Czeczenia
republic of Russia

Chekist n
czekista
member of the Cheka

Chelm [χɛlm] pn
Chełm
city in Poland

Chelyabinsk /tʃɛlˈjæbɪnsk/ pn
Czelabińsk
city

Chemnitz /ˈkɛmnɪts/ pn
Kamienica Saska
city in Saxony

Chennai /ˈtʃɛnaɪ/ pn
Chennai
state capital of Tamil Nadu, India

Cherkasy pn
Czerkasy
city

Cherkessk pn
Czerkiesk
city in Russia

Chernihiv pn
Czernihów
city

Chernivtsi pn
Czerniowce
city

Chernobyl /tʃə(ː)ˈnɒbəl/ /tʃɚˈnoʊbəl/ n
Czarnobyl
city in Ukraine

Cherokee /ˈt͡ʃɛ.ɹə.ˌkiː/ pn
Czirokezi
indigenous North American people
czirokeski
language

Cheshire cat /ˌtʃɛʃə ˈkat/ /ˌtʃɛʃɚ ˈkæt/ pn
Kot z Cheshire Kot-Dziwak z Cheshire
fictional grinning cat

Cheshire cheese n
cheshire chester
type of cheese

Chicago /ʃəˈkɑː.ɡo/ /ʃɪˈkɑ.ɡo/ pn
Chicago
large US city

Chieti pn
Chieti
province of Italy
town and capital

Chihuahua /tʃɪˈwaʊ(w).ə/ /tʃɪˈwɑːwɑː/ n
chihuahua
breed of dog

Chile /ˈt͡ʃileɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃiː.leɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃɪl.i/ pn
Chile
country in South America

Chilean /ˈtʃɪli.ən/ adj
chilijski
pertaining to Chile

Chilean /ˈtʃɪli.ən/ n
Chilijka Chilijczyk
person from Chile

China /ˈt͡ʃaɪnə/ pn
Chiny Chińska Republika Ludowa
country in east Asia
region corresponding to the People's Republic of China and Taiwan
civilization of the Chinese people

Chinaman /ˈtʃaɪnəmən/ n
chinol
a man who is Chinese, a Chinese man

Chinatown /ˈtʃaɪnətaʊn/ /ˈtʃaɪnəˌtaʊn/ n
chińska dzielnica
a Chinese district outside China

Chinese /t͡ʃaɪˈniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪˌniz/ /ˌt͡ʃaɪˈniz/ adj
chiński
relating to China

Chinese /t͡ʃaɪˈniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪniːz/ /ˈt͡ʃaɪˌniz/ /ˌt͡ʃaɪˈniz/ n
chińszczyzna chiński
Chinese food or meal
chiński język chiński
any language spoken in China
Chińczyk Chinka
person born in China
Chińczycy
the people of China

Chinese Crested Dog n
grzywacz chiński
Chinese Crested Dog

Chinese whispers n
głuchy telefon
game

Chink n
kitajec Żółtek
offensive: Chinese person

Chisinau pn
Kiszyniów
capital city and a municipality of Moldova

Chita /tʃɪˈtɑː/ pn
Czyta
city in Russia

Chitral pn
Czitral
Chitral (all senses)

Chloe /ˈkloʊi/ pn
Chloe
female given name

Chloris pn
Chloris
goddess of flora

Chopin pn
Chopin Szopen
surname

Chorzów pn
Chorzów
city on the Rawa in southern Poland

Christ /kɹaɪst/ n
Chrystus
A figure or other artistic depiction of Jesus Christ

Christ /kɹaɪst/ pn
Chrystus
title for Jesus of Nazareth
messiah predicted in Jewish prophesy

Christ child pn
Boże Dziecię Dzieciąteczko Dzieciątko Dzieciątko Jezus
Child Jesus

Christadelphian n
chrystadelfianin
a member of a certain nontrinitarian Christian denomination

Christian /ˈkɹɪʃtʃən/ adj
chrześcijański chrześcijanin
of, like or relating to Christianity or Christians

Christian /ˈkɹɪʃtʃən/ n
chrześcijanin chrześcijanka
member of the Christian religion

Christian /ˈkɹɪʃtʃən/ pn
Krystian
male given name

Christian Democracy n
chadecja chrześcijańska demokracja
political ideology

Christian name n
imię chrzcielne
first name at Christian baptism

Christianity /ˌkɹɪstiˈænɪti/ /ˌkɹɪstʃiˈænɪti/ pn
chrześcijaństwo
monotheistic religion

Christianize v
chrystianizować schrystianizować
to (cause to) convert to Christianity

Christina pn
Krystyna
female given name

Christmas /ˈkɹɪsməs/ pn
Boże Narodzenie
Christian holiday

Christmas Day n
Boże Narodzenie pierwszy dzień świąt
the 25th of December

Christmas Eve pn
Wigilia
day before Christmas Day
evening before Christmas Day

Christmas Island pn
Wyspa Bożego Narodzenia
non self-governing territory of Australia

Christmas carol n
kolęda
hymn whose lyrics are on the theme of Christmas

Christmas tree /ˈkɹɪsməs tɹiː/ n
choinka
tree used during the Christmas holiday season

Christological adj
chrystologiczny
of or pertaining to Christology

Christology /kɹɪˈstɑlədʒi/ n
chrystologia
field of study
particular theory

Christopher /ˈkɹɪs.tə.fə(ɹ)/ pn
Krzysztof
a male given name

Chronicles pn
Księga Kronik
book of the Bible

Chrysanthemum Throne pn
Chryzantemowy tron
Japanese monarchy

Chudskoye pn
Jezioro Czudzkie Pejpus
a lake between Russia and Estonia

Chukchi /ˈtʃuktʃiː/ adj
czukocki
relating to Chukotka

Chukchi /ˈtʃuktʃiː/ n
Czukcza
person

Chukchi /ˈtʃuktʃiː/ pn
czukocki
language

Chukchi Sea pn
Morze Czukockie
part of the Arctic Ocean

Chukotka pn
Czukotka
short for Chukchi Peninsula
short for Chukotka Autonomous Okrug

Church Slavonic pn
cerkiewno-słowiański
liturgical language

Church of England pn
Kościół Anglii
established Christian church in England

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints pn
Kościół Jezusa Chrystusa Świętych w Dniach Ostatnich
major denomination of the Latter Day Saint movement

Church of Scotland pn
Kościół Szkocji
national Presbyterian church of Scotland

Chuukese n
język chuuk
member of an ethnic group

Chuvash /t͡ʃʊˈvɑːʃ/ adj
czuwaski
from, or pertaining to Chuvashia

Chuvash /t͡ʃʊˈvɑːʃ/ n
Czuwasz Czuwaszka
person

Chuvashia /t͡ʃuːˈvɑːʃɪə/ pn
Czuwaszja
federal subject of Russia

Chöd pn
czod
spiritual practice

Cicero /ˈsɪsəɹoʊ/ /ˈsɪsəɹəʊ/ pn
Cyceron
Roman statesman and orator

Cieszyn pn
Cieszyn
city in Poland

Cilicia /sɪˈlɪsɪə/ pn
Cylicja
ancient region

Cimmerian /sɪˈmɪəɹ.ɪ.ən/ n
Kimmeryjczyk Kimmeryjka
any of the mythical people supposed to inhabit a land of perpetual darkness

Cinderella /ˌsɪndəˈɹɛlə/ pn
Kopciuszek
fairy tale
main character in this fairy tale

Circinus pn
Cyrkiel
a small constellation of the southern winter sky

Cisuralian pn
cisural
Cisuralian epoch

Clarissa /kləˈɹɪsə/ pn
Klarysa
female given name

Classical Arabic pn
klasyczny język arabski
Classical Arabic

Claude pn
Klaudiusz
male given name

Claudia /ˈklɔː.di.ə/ pn
Klaudia
female given name

Cleopatra /klioʊˈpætɹə/ pn
Kleopatra
a given name of women in the Ptolemy dynasty

Cleveland /ˈkliːv.lənd/ pn
Cleveland
city in Ohio

Clio /ˈklaɪ.oʊ/ pn
Klio
the Muse of history and heroic poetry

Coca-Cola pn
Coca-Cola coca-cola cola koka-kola kola
particular carbonated soft drink

Cocha antshrike n
chronka ekwadorska
passerine bird of the antbird family

Cocytus pn
Kocyt Kokytos
river of the underworld

Coimbra /ˈkwĩbɹə/ pn
Coimbra
city and municipality in Coimbra, Portugal

Cold War pn
zimna wojna
a period of history from 1945–1991

Collective Security Treaty Organisation pn
OUBZ Organizacja Układu o Bezpieczeństwie Zbiorowym
intergovernmental military alliance

Cologne /kəˈloʊn/ pn
Kolonia
city in Germany

Colombia /kəˈlʌm.bi.ə/ pn
Kolumbia
country in South America

Colombian adj
kolumbijski
pertaining to Colombia

Colombian n
Kolumbijczyk Kolumbijka
A person from Colombia

Colorado /kɑləˈɹɑdoʊ/ /kɒləˈɹɑːdəʊ/ pn
Kolorado
US state

Colorado beetle n
stonka ziemniaczana
beetle

Colosseum pn
Koloseum
ancient stadium in Rome

Colossians pn
List do Kolosan
book of the Bible

Columba pn
Gołąb
constellation

Com. n
tow.
abbreviation of comrade

Coma Berenices pn
Warkocz Bereniki
small dim summer constellation of the northern sky

Comecon pn
RWPG
Comecon

Comet pn
Kometek
reindeer of Santa Claus

Common Era pn
naszej ery
secular equivalent of anno Domini and the Christian Era

Common Slavic pn
prasłowiański

Commonwealth of Independent States pn
WNP Wspólnota Niepodległych Państw
alliance of former Soviet republics

Comorian adj
komoryjski
pertaining to the Comoros

Comorian n
Komoryjczyk
person

Comoros /ˈkɒm.ə.ɹoʊz/ pn
Komory
country in Eastern Africa

Confucianism n
konfucjanizm
philosophy

Confucius /kənˈfju.ʃəs/ pn
Konfucjusz
Chinese philosopher

Congo /ˈkɑŋɡoʊ/ /ˈkɒŋɡəʊ/ pn
Kongo Kongo (Brazzaville)
country with Brazzaville as capital
Demokratyczna Republika Konga Kongo
country with Kinshasa as capital
Kongo
river

Coniacian pn
koniak
a subdivision of the Late (Upper) Cretaceous epoch

Connecticut /kəˈnɛtɪkət/ pn
Connecticut
a state of the United States of America

Constantine /ˈkɒns.tənˌtaɪn/ /ˈkɒns.tənˌtiːn/ pn
Konstantyn
male given name

Constantinople /ˌkɔnstæntɪˈnəʊp(ə)l/ pn
Konstantynopol
Constantinople

Constantinopolitan /ˌkɒnˌstæntɨnɵˈpɒlɨtən/ n
konstantynopolitanka konstantynopolitańczyk
an inhabitant of Constantinople

Conté /ˈkɑnteɪ/ /ˈkɒnteɪ/ n
Conté
drawing medium

Cook Islands /ˈkʊk ˈai.ləndz/ pn
Wyspy Cooka
self-governing country in Oceania

Copenhagen /ˈkoʊpənˌheɪɡən/ /ˌkəʊpənˈheɪɡən/ pn
Kopenhaga
capital of Denmark

Copenhagener n
kopenhażanin kopenhażanka
someone from Copenhagen

Copernican adj
Kopernikowy
pertaining to Nicolaus Copernicus
kopernikański kopernikowski
pertaining to his theories

Copernicus pn
Kopernik
surname of Nicolaus Copernicus

Copt /kɑpt/ /kɒpt/ n
Kopt
member of the Coptic Church

Coptic /ˈkɑptɪk/ /ˈkɒptɪk/ adj
koptyjski
of or pertaining to the Copts, Coptic Orthodox Church or to the Coptic language

Coptic /ˈkɑptɪk/ /ˈkɒptɪk/ n
język koptyjski
language

Coral Sea pn
Morze Koralowe
part of the Pacific Ocean

Corfu /ˈkɔɹ.fju/ pn
Korfu
island

Corinth /ˈkɒɹ.ɪnθ/ pn
Korynt
city in Greece

Corinthia pn
Koryntia
region in northeast Peloponnese

Corinthian /kəˈɹɪnθiən/ adj
koryncki koryntyjski
of or relating to Corinth
of that classical order

Corinthian /kəˈɹɪnθiən/ n
koryntczyk koryntianin koryntianka koryntyjczyk
an inhabitant or a resident of Corinth

Corinthians pn
List do Koryntian
book in the Bible

Cornelia pn
Kornelia
female given name

Cornish /ˈkɔːɹnɪʃ/ adj
kornwalijski
of Cornwall

Cornish /ˈkɔːɹnɪʃ/ pn
kornijski
A Celtic language

Cornishman n
Kornwalijczyk
man from Cornwall

Cornishwoman n
Kornwalijka
woman from Cornwall

Cornwall /ˈkɔːnwɔːl/ pn
Kornwalia
county of England

Corona Australis pn
Korona Południowa
a constellation

Corona Borealis pn
Korona Północna
a constellation

Corpus Christi pn
Boże Ciało
festival in honour of the Eucharist

Corsica /ˈkɔɹsɪkə/ /ˈkɔːsɪkə/ pn
Korsyka
island in the Mediterranean

Corsican /ˈkɔːsɪkən/ /ˈkɔːɹsɪkən/ adj
korsykański
of, from, or pertaining to Corsica

Corsican /ˈkɔːsɪkən/ /ˈkɔːɹsɪkən/ n
Korsykanin Korsykanka
person from Corsica or of Corsican descent

Corsican /ˈkɔːsɪkən/ /ˈkɔːɹsɪkən/ pn
korsykański język korsykański
language

Corvus pn
Kruk
constellation of the southern sky

Cosmas /ˈkɔzmɑːs/ pn
Kosma
given name

Cossack /ˈkɑsˌæk/ /ˈkɒsˌæk/ n
kozak
member of a Cossack military unit
Kozak
member of a population

Costa Rica /ˌkoʊ.stə ˈɹi.kə/ /ˌkɒs.tə ˈɹiː.kə/ pn
Kostaryka
country

Costa Rican adj
kostarykański
pertaining to Costa Rica

Costa Rican n
Kostarykanin Kostarykanka
person from Costa Rica

Cottbus /ˈkɑtbʌs/ /ˈkɒtbʌs/ pn
Chociebuż
city in Germany

Count Dracula pn
Hrabia Dracula
fictional vampire

Courland pn
Kurlandia
region in western Latvia

Coventry /ˈkɑvəntɹi/ /ˈkɒvəntɹi/ pn
Coventry
an industrial city in central England

Cracow /ˈkɹækaʊ/ pn
Kraków
city

Crater pn
Puchar
a constellation

Creator pn
Stwórca
God

Cree /kɹiː/ pn
Kri
an aboriginal nation of North America

Creole /ˈkɹiˌoʊl/ /ˈkɹiːəʊl/ n
Kreol Kreolka
descendant of white settlers born in colonized country

Cretaceous /kɹə.ˈteɪ.ʃəs/ pn
kreda
geologic period within the Mesozoic

Cretan /ˈkɹiːtən/ adj
kreteński
relating to Crete

Cretan /ˈkɹiːtən/ n
Kreteńczyk
inhabitant

Crete /kɹiːt/ pn
Kreta
island

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease n
choroba Creutzfeldta-Jakoba
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Crimea /kɹaɪˈmiːə/ pn
Krym
peninsula

Crimean /kɹaɪˈmi.ən/ adj
krymski
referring to the Crimea region

Crimean Tatar n
krymskotatarski
Crimean Tatar (a Turkic language)

Crimean War pn
wojna krymska
war

Crimean peninsula pn
Półwysep Krymski
peninsula

Croat /ˈkɹoʊæt/ /ˈkɹəʊæt/ n
Chorwat Chorwatka
citizen of Croatia or person of Croatian ethnicity

Croatia /ˌkɹoʊˈeɪ.ʃə/ /ˌkɹəʊˈeɪ.ʃə/ pn
Chorwacja
country in Europe

Croatian /ˌkɹoʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɹəʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ adj
chorwacki
of or pertaining to Croatia

Croatian /ˌkɹoʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɹəʊˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
Chorwatka Chorwat
person of Croatia
chorwacki
the standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian

Croatian Sheepdog n
owczarek chorwacki
Croatian Sheepdog

Croatian studies n
kroatystyka
academic discipline

Cronus pn
Kronos
youngest of the twelve Titans

Crusade n
krucjata
campaigns by Christian forces to the Holy Land

Crux pn
Krzyż Południa
constellation

Cuba /ˈkjuːbə/ [ˈkjuː.bə] [ˈkjʉː.bə] pn
Kuba
country and largest island in Caribbean

Cuban /ˈkjuːbən/ [ˈkju.bən] [ˈkjuː.bən] [ˈkjʉː.bən] adj
kubański
of or pertaining to Cuba

Cuban /ˈkjuːbən/ [ˈkju.bən] [ˈkjuː.bən] [ˈkjʉː.bən] n
Kubanka Kubańczyk
a person from Cuba

Cuman /ˈk(j)uːmən/ n
Połowcy
member of the Cuman people

Cupid /ˈkjupɪd/ pn
Amor Kupidyn Kupido
god of love, son of Venus
Amorek
reindeer of Santa Claus

Curia pn
kuria
Roman Catholic Church administration

Curitiba pn
Kurytyba
State capital of Paraná

Cyclades /saɪkleɪdz/ pn
Cyklady
island chain

Cygnus pn
Łabędź
constellation

Cynthia /ˈsɪnθiə/ pn
Cyntia
female given name

Cypriot /ˈsɪp.ɹi.ət/ adj
cypryjski
Of, from or relating to Cyprus

Cypriot /ˈsɪp.ɹi.ət/ n
Cypryjczyk Cypryjka
Person from Cyprus

Cyprus /ˈsaɪ.pɹəs/ pn
Cypr
country

Cyrenaica pn
Cyrenajka
province on the North African coast

Cyril /ˈsɪɹəl/ pn
Cyryl
male given name

Cyrillic /səˈɹɪ.lɪk/ adj
cyrylicki
of or pertaining to Cyrillic

Cyrillic /səˈɹɪ.lɪk/ pn
cyrylica
a script or alphabet

Czech /tʃɛk/ adj
czeski
of, from, or pertaining to the country, people, culture or language

Czech /tʃɛk/ n
czeski
language
Czech Czeszka
person

Czech Republic /ˈtʃɛk ɹɪˈpʌblɪk/ pn
Republika Czeska Czechy
country in Central Europe

Czech studies n
bohemistyka
academic study of the Czech language, etc.

Czechia /ˈt͡ʃɛkiə/ pn
Czechy
country in Europe

Czechism n
bohemizm czechizm
a word or idiom of the Czech language

Czecho-Slovakia pn
Czecho-Słowacja
dated form of Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovak adj
czechosłowacki
pertaining to

Czechoslovak n
Czechosłowaczka Czechosłowak
inhabitant

Czechoslovakia /ˌtʃɛk.ə.sləˈvɑ.ki.ə/ pn
Czechosłowacja
former country in Central Europe

Czechoslovakian /ˈtʃɛk.əz.lə.væk.i.ən/ adj
czechosłowacki
of or pertaining to Czechoslovakia

Częstochowa pn
Częstochowa
city in Poland

Côte d'Ivoire /ˌkoʊt diˈvwɑɹ/ /ˌkəʊt diːˈvwɑː/ pn
Wybrzeże Kości Słoniowej
the Ivory Coast

DNA n
DNA
abbreviation of deoxyribonucleic acid (see deoxyribonucleic acid for full forms)

DPRK pn
KRLD
Democratic People's Republic of Korea

DYEL n
suchoklates
somebody out of shape

Dacia /ˈdeɪsɪə/ /ˈdeɪʃə/ pn
Dacja
ancient kingdom and Roman province

Daco-Romanian n
dakorumuński
a more specific name for the Romanian language

Dada /ˈdɑːdɑː/ n
dadaizm
cultural movement

Daffy Duck pn
Kaczor Daffy
comic duck

Dagestan /ˌdæɡɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Dagestan
federal subject of Russia

Dagestani /ˌdæɡɪˈstɑːni/ n
Dagestanka Dagestańczyk
someone from Dagestan

Dagmar /ˈdæɡmɑː(ɹ)/ pn
Dagmara
female given name

Dalmatia /dælˈmeɪʃə/ pn
Dalmacja
Roman province
region in Croatia

Dalmatian /dælˈmeɪ.ʃən/ adj
dalmacki dalmatyński
relating to Dalmatia or its people

Dalmatian /dælˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
dalmatyńczyk
breed of dog
Dalmata Dalmatka Dalmatynka Dalmatyńczyk
person from Dalmatia

Damascus /dəˈmæskəs/ pn
Damaszek
the capital city of Syria

Damascus steel n
stal damasceńska
ancient kind of steel used in sword making

Damian /ˈdeɪmɪən/ pn
Damian
male given name

Danbo /ˈdænbəʊ/ n
Danbo
cheese originating in Denmark

Dancer pn
Tancerz
reindeer of Santa Claus

Dane /deɪn/ n
Duńczyk Dunka
person from Denmark or of Danish descent

Danian pn
dan
a subdivision of the Paleocene epoch

Daniel /ˈdænjəl/ [ˈdanjəl] pn
Daniel Księga Daniela
biblical person
male given name
Księga Daniela Daniel
book of the Bible

Danish /ˈdeɪnɪʃ/ adj
duński
of Denmark

Danish /ˈdeɪnɪʃ/ n
duński Duński
language

Dante /ˈdænti/ /ˈdɑnteɪ/ pn
Dante
male given name

Dantesque /ˌdæntɪˈɛsk/ adj
dantejski
of or pertaining to Dante or his style, with elevated tone and somber focus

Danube /ˈdænjuːb/ pn
Dunaj
river of Europe that flows to the Black Sea

Dar es Salaam /ˌdɑɹɛsˈsəlɑm/ /ˌdɑːɹɛsˈsəlɑːm/ pn
Dar es Salaam
city

Dardanelles /ˌdɑɹ.dənˈɛlz/ /ˌdɑː.dənˈɛlz/ pn
Dardanele
strait

Dari pn
dari
Eastern Persian
variety of Middle Persian

Daria /ˈdɑːɹɪə/ pn
Daria
female given name

Darius /dəˈɹaɪ.əs/ pn
Dariusz
any of several Persian kings

Dark Ages pn
wieki ciemne
historic period

Darriwilian pn
darriwil

Darwinian /dɑːˈwɪni.ən/ adj
darwinowski
relating to the theory of evolution

Darwinism /ˈdɑːwɪnɪzəm/ n
darwinizm
principles of natural selection

Dasher pn
Fircyk
reindeer of Santa Claus

Daugavpils pn
Dyneburg Dźwinów Dźwińsk
city in Latvia

David /ˈdeɪvɪd/ pn
Dawid
king of Israel
male given name

Davidson /ˈdeɪvɪdsən/ pn
Dawidowicz
surname meaning "son of David" in other languages

Dead Sea pn
Morze Martwe
lake in the Middle East

Decameron /dɪˈkaməɹən/ /dɪˈkæməɹən/ pn
Dekameron
collection of 100 novellas by Boccaccio

December /dɪ.ˈsɛm.bəɹ/ /dɪˈsɛmbə/ pn
grudzień
twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar

Decembrist adj
dekabrystowski
derived from the Decembrists

Decembrist n
dekabrysta dekabrystka
sympathizer of the Decembrist revolt

Delaware /ˈdɛləweə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɛləwɛɹ/ pn
Delaware
US state
river

Delhi /ˈdɛl.haɪ/ /ˈdɛli/ pn
Delhi
city in India

Delphi /ˈdɛlfi/ pn
Delfy
city of ancient Greece

Delphic /ˈdɛlfɪk/ adj
delficki
of or relating to Delphi

Delphinus pn
Delfin
constellation

Deluge pn
Potop
the Biblical flood

Demeter /dəˈmiːtəɹ/ /dɪˈmiːtə/ pn
Demeter
Greek goddess of the harvest

Demetrius /dɪˈmiːtɹɪəs/ pn
Demetriusz Dymitr
male given name

Democratic People's Republic of Korea pn
Koreańska Republika Ludowo-Demokratyczna KRLD
country in East Asia (official name)

Democratic Republic of the Congo pn
Demokratyczna Republika Konga
large central African nation, formerly called Zaire

Democritus /dɪˈmɒkɹɪtəs/ pn
Demokryt
Greek philosopher

Denmark /ˈdɛn.mɑɹk/ /ˈdɛn.mɑːk/ pn
Dania
country in Northern Europe

Dennis /ˈdɛnɪs/ pn
Dionizy
male given name

Derek /ˈdɛɹɪk/ pn
Teodoryk
given name

Dervish n
derwisz
a Sufi Muslim ascetic fraternity

Detroit /dɪˈtɹɔɪt/ pn
Detroit
largest city and former capital of Michigan

Deuteronomy /djuːtəˈɹɒnəmi/ pn
Księga Powtórzonego Prawa
book of the Bible

Devanagari /ˌdeɪvəˈnɑɡəɹi/ /ˌdeɪvəˈnɑːɡ(ə)ɹɪ/ pn
dewanagari
abugida alphabet of India and Nepal

Dhivehi n
malediwski
an Indo-Aryan language

Diaspora pn
diaspora
dispersion of a group of people

Diego /diˈeɪ.ɡoʊ/ pn
Diego
male given name

Diogenes /daɪˈɒdʒəniːz/ pn
Diogenes
Ancient Greek name

Dionysius /daɪəˈnɪzɪəs/ pn
Dionizy
Ancient Greek male given name

Discordianism /dɪsˈkɔɹdi.ənɪzəm/ /dɪsˈkɔː.di.ən.ɪzm̩/ pn
dyskordianizm
parodic religion based on the worship of Eris

Disney /ˈdɪzni/ pn
Disney
surname

Disneyan adj
disnejowski disneyowski
of or relating to Walt Disney or his company

Disneyland /ˈdɪzniːˌlænd/ pn
Disneyland
Disneyland, theme park

District of Columbia pn
Dystrykt Kolumbii
federal capital of the United States of America

Djibouti /dʒɪˈbuːtiː/ pn
Dżibuti
Republic of Djibouti

Dmitry pn
Demetriusz Dymitr
transliteration of Дмитрий

Dnieper /ˈnipəɹ/ pn
Dniepr
river to the Black Sea

Dobermann n
doberman
large dog originating in Germany

Dodecanese pn
Dodekanez
an island chain consisting of twelve main islands

Doha /ˈdoʊ.hɑː/ /ˈdəʊ.hɑː/ pn
Ad-Dauha Doha Dauha
capital of Qatar

Dolomites /ˈdoʊl.əˌmaɪts/ pn
Dolomity
section of the Alps

Dome of the Rock pn
Kopuła na Skale
shrine in Jerusalem

Dominic /ˈdɑ.məˌnɪk/ pn
Dominik
male given name

Dominica /ˌdɑ.mɪ.ˈniː.kə/ /ˌdɒ.mɪ.ˈniː.kə/ pn
Dominika
Commonwealth of Dominica

Dominican /dəˈmɪn.ɪ.kən/ /ˌdɑm.ɪˈni.kən/ /ˌdɒm.ɪˈniː.kən/ adj
dominikański
of or belonging to the religious order

Dominican /dəˈmɪn.ɪ.kən/ /ˌdɑm.ɪˈni.kən/ /ˌdɒm.ɪˈniː.kən/ n
dominikanin
member of religious order
Dominikanin
person from Dominica

Dominican Republic /doʊˌmɪn.ɪ.kən ɹəˈpʌb.lɪk/ /dɒmˌɪn.ɪ.kən ɹɪˈpʌb.lɪk/ pn
Dominikana
country in the Caribbean

Domodedovo pn
Domodiedowo
airport in Russia

Don /dɑn/ /dɒn/ pn
Don
River in European Russia

Don Juan n
donżuan Romeo bałamut casanova kobieciarz lowelas
a man who obsessively seduces women; a philanderer

Don Quixote /ˌdɑn kiˈhoʊti/ /ˌdɒn kiːˈhəʊtɪ/ pn
Don Kichot
the protagonist of a famous Spanish novel

Donald /ˈdɒn.əld/ pn
Donald
male given name

Donald Duck pn
Kaczor Donald
Disney character

Donbas /ˈdɒnbæs/ pn
Donbas
An industrial region in eastern Ukraine.

Donets pn
Doniec
one of several rivers

Donetsk pn
Donieck
city

Donetsk People's Republic pn
Doniecka Republika Ludowa
secessionist state

Donna /ˈdɑnə/ /ˈdɒnə/ pn
Donna
female given name

Donner pn
Profesorek
reindeer of Santa Claus

Donohue syndrome n
krasnoludkowatość leprechaunizm zespół Donohue
rare genetic disorder

Doppler effect n
efekt Dopplera
change in frequency or wavelength

Dorado pn
Złota Ryba
a particular constellation

Dorian n
Dor

Doric pn
dorycki
Greek dialect

Dorothy /ˈdɑɹ.ə.θi/ /ˈdɒɹ.ə.θi/ /ˈdɔɹ.ə.θi/ pn
Dorota
female given name

Dorset /ˈdɔː(ɹ).sɪt/ pn
Dorset
county of England

Dortmund pn
Dortmund
a city in western Germany

Dot pn
Dosia
diminutive of Dorothy

Douro pn
Douro Duero
river in northern Portugal and Spain

Down syndrome /daʊn ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ /daʊn ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ pn
zespół Downa
condition caused by chromosomal deficiency

Dr n
dr
Doctor

Draco /ˈdɹeɪkoʊ/ /ˈdɹeɪkəʊ/ pn
Drakon
Athenian lawgiver
Smok
constellation

Dracula /ˈdɹækjʊlə/ pn
Drakula
fictional vampire
Wład Palownik
former prince of Wallachia

Drava /ˈdɹɑːvə/ pn
Drawa
river

Drenthe /ˈdɹɛntə/ pn
Drenthe
province of the Netherlands

Dresden /ˈdɹɛzdən/ pn
Drezno
capital city of the German Federal State of Saxony

Drina pn
Drina
river that flows northward 160 miles along the border of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia

Drumian pn
drum

Drummond light n
światło Drummonda

Druskininkai pn
Druskieniki
town in Lithuania

Dubai /duːˈbaɪ/ pn
Dubaj
city
one of the emirates of the United Arab Emirates

Dublin /ˈdʊbᵊlən/ /ˈdʌblən/ pn
Dublin
the capital of the Republic of Ireland

Dubrovnik pn
Dubrownik
Croatian port-city

Duckburg /ˈdʌkbɝɡ/ pn
Kaczogród
fictional city where Donald Duck lives

Dunajec pn
Dunajec
river

Dunkirk pn
Dunkierka
town in France

Dushanbe pn
Duszanbe
capital of Tajikistan

Dutch /dʌtʃ/ adj
holenderski niderlandzki
of the Netherlands, people, or language

Dutch /dʌtʃ/ n
Holendrzy Niderlandczycy
people from the Netherlands

Dutch /dʌtʃ/ pn
niderlandzki holenderski
the Dutch language

Dutch elm disease n
holenderska choroba wiązu
disease of elm trees

Dutchman /ˈdʌtʃmən/ n
Holender
a Dutch man

Dutchwoman /dʌtʃˌwʊmən/ n
Holenderka
a Dutch woman

Dönmeh n
Donmeh Dönme
Sabbatean crypto-Jews

Düsseldorf /ˈduːsəldɔɹf/ /ˈdʊsəldɔːf/ pn
Düsseldorf
a city in Germany
rejencja Düsseldorf
an administrative region of North Rhine-Wesphalia

Earth /ɜːθ/ /ɝːθ/ pn
Ziemia
third planet of the Solar System

Earthling /ˈɜːθ.lɪŋ/ /ˈɝθ.lɪŋ/ n
Ziemianin Ziemianka
inhabitant of the planet Earth

East African adj
wschodnioafrykański
relating to East Africa

East Anglia pn
Anglia Wschodnia
area of eastern England

East Asia pn
Azja Wschodnia
eastern subregion of Asia

East Asian adj
wschodnioazjatycki
of, from, or pertaining to East Asia

East Berlin pn
Berlin Wschodni
the Soviet sector of Berlin between 1949 and 1990

East China Sea pn
Morze Wschodniochińskie
a sea

East Coast pn
Wschodnie Wybrzeże
the eastern seaboard of the United States

East Flanders pn
Flandria Wschodnia
East Flanders

East German adj
wschodnioniemiecki
East German

East Germany pn
Niemcy Wschodnie Niemiecka Republika Demokratyczna
former European country

East Slavic adj
wschodniosłowiański
of or relating to the East Slavs

East Timor pn
Timor Wschodni
Country in Oceania

East Timorese /ˈiːst tɪ.məɹ.iːz/ adj
wschodniotimorski
of, from, or pertaining to East Timor or the East Timorese people

Easter /ˈi.stɚ/ /ˈiː.stə/ n
Wielkanoc Pascha
Christian holiday

Easter Bunny /ˈiːs.tə ˈbʌ.ni/ /ˈiːs.tɚ ˈbʌ.ni/ pn
zając wielkanocny
Symbolic rabbit sometimes depicted delivering Easter eggs to children

Easter Island pn
Wyspa Wielkanocna
Island in the Pacific

Easter Sunday pn
Niedziela Wielkanocna
Easter Sunday

Easter egg /ˈiː.stəɹ ˌɛɡ/ n
pisanka jajko wielkanocne
a dyed or decorated egg

Eastern Bloc pn
blok wschodni
the largely Communist countries of the eastern world

Eastern Europe pn
Europa Wschodnia
Eastern Europe

Eastern European adj
wschodnioeuropejski
Eastern European

Eastern Herzegovinian n
wschodniohercegowiński
a Shtokavian subdialect

Eastern Orthodox adj
prawosławny
pertaining to the Eastern Orthodox Church

Ebro pn
Ebro
Spanish river

Ecclesiastes pn
Księga Koheleta Księga Eklezjastesa
book of the Bible

Ecclesiasticus pn
Mądrość Syracha
book of the Bible

Ecuador /ˈɛk.wə.dɔɹ/ /ˈɛk.wə.dɔː/ pn
Ekwador
country in South America

Ecuadorian adj
ekwadorski
pertaining to Ecuador

Ecuadorian n
Ekwadorczyk Ekwadorka
person from Ecuador

Eden /ˈiːdən/ n
Eden
paradise on Earth

Eden /ˈiːdən/ pn
Eden
garden

Edgar /ˈɛdɡɚ/ pn
Edgar
male given name

Edinburgh /ˈɛdnbəɹə/ /ˈɛdənbəɹə/ /ˈɛdənbʌɹə/ /ˈɛdɪnbəɹə/ /ˈɛdɪnbɹə/ /ˈɛdɪnbʌɹə/ pn
Edynburg
capital of Scotland

Edith pn
Edyta
female given name

Edmonton /ˈɛdməntən/ pn
Edmonton
city in Canada

Edom /ˈidəm/ pn
Edom
name given to Esau in the Hebrew Bible
region whose inhabitants traditionally traced their ancestry to Esau

Edward /ˈɛdwəd/ /ˈɛdwɚd/ pn
Edward
male given name

Eeyore /ˈiː.jɔː(ɹ)/ n
Kłapouchy
negative or pessimistic person

Egypt /ˈiː.dʒɪpt/ pn
Egipt
country in North Africa

Egyptian /ɪˈdʒɪp.ʃən/ adj
egipski
of, from, or pertaining to Egypt
of, from, or pertaining to Egyptians

Egyptian /ɪˈdʒɪp.ʃən/ n
Egipcjanin Egipcjanka
person from Egypt

Egyptian /ɪˈdʒɪp.ʃən/ pn
egipski
language

Egyptian Arabic pn
egipski arabski
Egyptian Arabic

Egyptian vulture n
ścierwnik białosęp
Neophron percnopterus

Egyptologist n
egiptolog
A person; one who is skilled professes or practices Egyptology

Eid al-Fitr /ˌiːd æl ˈfiːtəɹ/ pn
Id al-Fitr
religious celebration

Eifelian pn
Eifel

Eiffel Tower pn
wieża Eiffla
tower in Paris

Einstein /ˈaɪnstaɪn/ pn
Einstein
Albert Einstein

Ekavian pn
ekawski
Dialect or a group of dialects

El Salvador /ɛl ˈsæl.və.dɔɹ/ /ɛl ˈsæl.və.dɔː/ pn
Salwador
country in Central America

Elbe /ˈɛlbə/ pn
Łaba
European river

Elbląg /ˈɛlblɔŋk/ pn
Elbląg
a city in Poland

Eleanor pn
Eleonora
female given name

Elector n
elektor Rzeszy
elector or prince-elector

Electra complex n
kompleks Elektry
Psychoanalytical theory

Elephant pn
Słoń
105th sura of the Qur'an

Elizabeth /əˈlɪzəbəθ/ pn
Elżbieta
female given name
mother of John the Baptist

Elizabethan /əˌlɪzəˈbiːθən/ n
elżbietański
pertaining to the reign of Elizabeth I of England

Elliott wave n
fala Elliotta
wave pattern

Elohim /ˌɛlɵˈhiːm/ pn
Elohim
name for God

Elsinore /ˈɛlsəˌnɔɹ/ /ˈɛlsɪnɔː/ pn
Elsynor Helsingør
Danish city

Ember day /ˈɛmbə ˌdeɪ/ /ˈɛmbɚ ˌdeɪ/ n
suche dni
any of the three days within the same week, four separate sets of which occur roughly equidistant in the circuit of the year, set aside for fasting and prayer

Emesa /ˈɛməsə/ pn
Emesa
the ancient city of Homs

Emil pn
Emil
male given name

Emily pn
Emilia
given name

Emsian pn
Ems

Enceladus /ɛnˈsɛlədəs/ pn
Enceladus
moon of Saturn

England /ˈɪŋɡlənd/ pn
Anglia
region of Great Britain

English /ˈɪŋɡləʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ adj
angielski
of or pertaining to England
angielski język angielski
of or pertaining to the English language

English /ˈɪŋɡləʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ n
Anglik Angielka
people from England

English /ˈɪŋɡləʃ/ /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ pn
angielski język angielski
the English language

English studies n
anglistyka filologia angielska
academic discipline

Englishman /ˈɪŋ.lɪʃ.mən/ n
Anglik
male native or inhabitant of England

Englishwoman n
Angielka
a female native or inhabitant of England

Enlightenment pn
Oświecenie
the Enlightenment

Eocene adj
eoceński
of the Eocene epoch

Eocene pn
eocen
Eocene epoch

Ephesians pn
List do Efezjan
book of the Bible

Ephesus pn
Efez
ancient city

Ephraim /ˈifɹi.əm/ pn
Efraim
given name
the younger son of Joseph

Epicureanism n
epikureizm
system of philosophy based upon the teachings of Epicurus

Epiphany n
Epifania Objawienie Pańskie
Christian feast

Epirus /ɨˈpaɪəɹəs/ pn
Epir
one of the 13 peripheries
region; historical kingdom

Equatorial Guinea pn
Gwinea Równikowa
country in Western Africa

Equuleus pn
Źrebię
second smallest constellation of the northern sky

Eric /ˈɛɹɪk/ pn
Eryk
male given name

Eridanus pn
Erydan
constellation

Eris /ˈɪəɹɨs/ pn
Eris
dwarf planet
Greek goddess of discord

Eritrea /ˌɛɹɪˈtɹ(e)ɪə/ /ˌɛɹɪˈtɹi.ə/ pn
Erytrea
country in Eastern Africa

Eritrean adj
erytrejski
Of, from, or pertaining to Eritrea, the Eritrean people or the Eritrean culture

Eritrean n
Erytrejczyk Erytrejka
A person from Eritrea or of Eritrean descent

Eros /ˈɛɹɒs/ pn
Eros
God of love

Esau /ˈiːsɔ/ pn
Ezaw
son of Isaac and Rebekah

Esbjerg /ˈɛsbjɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈɛsbjɝ/ pn
Esbjerg
Danish city

Esdras pn
Księga Ezdrasza
any of four books

Eskimo /ˈɛs.kɪ.moʊ/ adj
eskimoski
of, or relating to an Eskimo, Eskimos or their language, languages

Eskimo /ˈɛs.kɪ.moʊ/ n
Eskimos Eskimoska
member of the Eskimo people(s)

Eskimo /ˈɛs.kɪ.moʊ/ pn
Eskimosi
group of native peoples

Esperantist n
esperantysta esperantystka
specialist or speaker of Esperanto

Esperanto /ˌɛspəˈɹæntoʊ/ /ˌɛspəˈɹæntəʊ/ pn
esperanto
auxiliary language

Esther /ˈɛstə/ /ˈɛstɚ/ pn
Księga Estery Estera
book of the Bible
Estera Księga Estery
female given name
the heroine of the Book of Esther

Estonia /ɛsˈtoʊ.ni.ə/ /ɛsˈtəʊ.ni.ə/ pn
Estonia
country

Estonian adj
estoński
of, from, or pertaining to the country of Estonia, its people or their language

Estonian n
Estończyk Estonka
person

Estonian SSR pn
Estońska SRR
former soviet republic

Estuary English pn
Estuary English
variety of English accent

Esztergom /ˈɛstɛɹɡom/ pn
Ostrzyhom
a town in Hungary

Ethiopia /iθiˈoʊpi.ə/ pn
Etiopia
country in Eastern Africa

Ethiopian /ˌiːθiˈəʊpi.ən/ adj
etiopski
of, from, or pertaining to Ethiopia

Ethiopian /ˌiːθiˈəʊpi.ən/ n
Etiopczyk Etiopka
person

Etna /ˈɛtnə/ pn
Etna
volcano in Sicily, Italy

Etruria /ɪˈtɹʊə.ɹɪ.ə/ pn
Etruria
ancient country

Etruscan /ɪˈtɹʌskən/ adj
etruski
pertaining to the region and culture of Etruria

Etruscan /ɪˈtɹʌskən/ n
Etrusk Etruska
inhabitant of Etruria

Etruscan /ɪˈtɹʌskən/ pn
język etruski
extinct language of Etruria

Euboea /juːˈbiːə/ pn
Eubea Eubeja
Greek island

Eucharist /ˈjuːkəɹɪst/ n
eucharystia
sacrament
ceremony
substances

Euclidean geometry n
geometria euklidesowa
mathematical system

Euclidean space n
przestrzeń euklidesowa
ordinary space

Eugene /ju.ˈdʒiːn/ /ˈju.dʒiːn/ pn
Eugeniusz
male given name

Eugenia /juːˈd͡ʒiːniə/ pn
Eugenia
female given name

Euler's formula pn
wzór Eulera
Euler's formula

Euphemia /juˈfimi.ə/ /juːˈfiːmɪ.ə/ pn
Eufemia
female given name

Eurasia /jʊˈɹeɪʒə/ pn
Eurazja
the largest landmass on Earth, consisting of Europe and Asia

Eurasian adj
eurazjatycki
pertaining to Eurasia

Eurasian Economic Union pn
Unia Euroazjatycka
economic union

Eurasian black vulture n
sęp kasztanowaty
Aegypius monachus

Eurasian blackbird n
kos zwyczajny
Turdus merula

Eurasian lynx n
ryś ryś euroazjatycki
Lynx lynx

Eurasian nuthatch n
bargiel kowalik zwyczajny
Sitta europaea

Eurasian pygmy owl n
sóweczka
Glaucidium passerinum

Eurasian siskin n
czyżyk czyż
Spinus spinus

Eurasian sparrowhawk n
krogulec
Accipiter nisus

Eurasian spoonbill n
warzęcha
Platalea leucorodia

Eurasian treecreeper n
pełzacz leśny
Certhia familiaris

Eurasian woodcock n
słonka
Scolopax rusticola

Eurasian wren n
strzyzyk zwyczajny
Troglodytes troglodytes

Euripides /jʊˈɹɪp.ɪˌdiz/ pn
Eurypides
a Greek tragedian

Eurocentrism n
eurocentryzm europocentryzm
practice of viewing the world from a European perspective

Eurodance n
eurodance
A type of European synthesizer-driven dance music

Eurodeterrent /ˌjʊəɹəʊdɪˈtɛɹənt/ /ˌjʊɹoʊdiˈtɛɹənt/ pn
Eurodeterrent
proposed unified nuclear deterrent of the European Union

Europa /jʊˈɹoʊpə/ pn
Europa
a moon of Jupiter
princess abducted to Crete by Zeus

Europe /ˈjʊ(ə)ɹəp/ /ˈjʊəɹəp/ /ˈjʊɹəp/ pn
Europa
continent

European /(ˌ)jʊəɹəˈpiːən/ /ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/ adj
europejski europejska
relating to Europe or the European Union

European /(ˌ)jʊəɹəˈpiːən/ /ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/ n
Europejczyk Europejka
person

European Central Bank pn
Europejski Bank Centralny
central bank for the European Union

European Commission pn
Komisja Europejska
executive branch

European Economic Area pn
Europejski Obszar Gospodarczy

European Union /ˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən ˈjuːnjən/ /ˌjʊɹəˈpiən ˈjunjən/ pn
Unia Europejska
European supranational organisation

European beaver n
bóbr europejski bóbr zwyczajny
European beaver

European bison /jʊɹəˌpiːən ˈbaɪsn̩/ n
żubr
the wisent species Bison bonasus

European bullhead n
głowacz białopłetwy głowacz pospolity
species

European hedgehog n
jeż europejski jeż zachodni
Erinaceus europaeus

European mink n
norka europejska
mink species

European roller n
kraska
Coracias garrulus

European shag n
kormoran czubaty
Phalacrocorax aristotelis

European smelt n
stynka
Osmerus eperlanus

European toad n
ropucha szara
Bufo bufo

European turtle dove n
turkawka
Streptopelia turtur

Europeanisation n
europeizacja
assimilation

Europeanly adv
europejsko
In European manner.

Euroscepticism n
eurosceptycyzm
scepticism of increasing powers of the EU

Eurovision /ˈjɝ.əˌvɪ.ʒ(ə)n/ /ˈjʊə.ɹə(ˌ)vɪ.ʒ(ə)n/ pn
Eurowizja
television network

Eurozone pn
Strefa euro
those European Union members whose official currency is the euro

Eurydice /jʊˈɹɪdɨsi/ pn
Eurydyka
mythology

Eustachian tube n
trąbka Eustachiusza
tube that links the pharynx to the cavity of the middle ear

Euterpe /juːˈtɜɹpi/ pn
Euterpe
the Muse of music and lyric poetry

Eve /iːv/ pn
Ewa
given name
the first woman

Evelyn pn
Ewelina
female given name

Evertonian n
Evertonka Evertończyk

Exodus /ˈɛksədəs/ pn
Księga Wyjścia Exodus
book of Torah and Old Testament
Exodus Księga Wyjścia
departure of Hebrew slaves

Ezekiel pn
Ezechiel
book of the Bible
Ezechiel Księga Ezechiela
male given name
prophet

Ezra pn
Ezdrasz
Jewish high priest
male given name
Księga Ezdrasza
book of the Bible

F clef n
klucz basowy
a clef

FSB pn
FSB
Russian FSB

FUBAR /ˈfuːbɑːɹ/ adj
POPOLUPO
fucked up (or, bowdlerized, fouled up) beyond all recognition (or beyond all repair)

FYI /ɛfwaɪˈaɪ/ phraseologicalUnit
do twojej wiadomości
for your information

Fabian /ˈfeɪbi.ən/ pn
Fabian
male given name

Facebook /ˈfeɪs.bʊk/ pn
Facebook
social-networking website

Falkland Islands pn
Falklandy Malwiny
overseas territory of the UK in the South Atlantic

Falkland Islands wolf n
wilk falklandzki
Dusicyon australis

Fallopian tube n
jajowód
duct

Famennian pn
Famen

Far East pn
Daleki Wschód
East and Southeast Asia

Faroe Islands /ˈfeəɹəʊ/ /ˈfɛɹoʊ/ pn
Wyspy Owcze
group of islands between Scotland and Iceland

Faroese /ˌfɛəɹəuˈiːz/ /ˌfɛɹouˈiz/ n
farerski
language

Fata Morgana /ˌfɑtə mɔɹˈɡɑnə/ /ˌfɑːtə mɔːˈɡɑːnə/ n
fatamorgana
form of mirage caused by temperature inversion

Father pn
ojciec
term of address for a Christian priest

Father Frost pn
Dziadek Mróz
Slavic equivalent to Santa Claus

Father Time pn
Ojciec Czas
Personification of time

Father's Day n
Dzień Ojca
holiday in celebration of fatherhood

Faunus pn
Faun
Roman god

Faustian /ˈfaʊstiən/ /ˈfaʊstɪən/ adj
faustowski faustyczny
of or pertaining to Faust

February /ˈfɛb.ɹuˌɛɹi/ /ˈfɛb.ɹʊ.ə.ɹi/ pn
luty
second month of the Roman, Julian, and Gregorian calendars

Federal Republic of Germany pn
Republika Federalna Niemiec
Germany's official name

Felix /ˈfiːlɪks/ pn
Feliks Szczęsny
male given name

Ferdinand /ˈfɜːdɪˌnænd/ /ˈfɝdn̩ˌænd/ pn
Ferdynand
male given name

Ferris wheel /ˈfɛɹəs wiːl/ n
diabelski młyn
ride at a fair consisting of large wheel

Fertile Crescent /ˈfɜːtaɪl ˈkɹɛsənt/ /ˈfɝːtəl ˈkɹɛsənt/ pn
Żyzny Półksiężyc
crescent-shaped arc of fertile land

Feynman diagram /ˈfaɪnmən ˈdaɪəɡɹæm/ n
diagram Feynmana
pictorial representation of the interactions of subatomic particles

Fez /fɛz/ pn
Fes Fez
city in Morocco

Fiji /ˈfi.dʒi/ /ˈfiː.dʒiː/ pn
Fidżi
Fiji - a country in Oceania comprising over 300 islands

Fijian /fiːˈdʒiːən/ pn
fidżyjski
language

Filipino /fɪlɪˈpinoʊ/ /piliˈpino/ adj
Filipiński
Of or pertaining to the Philippines or its people

Filipino /fɪlɪˈpinoʊ/ /piliˈpino/ n
Filipinka Filipińczyk
Native or inhabitant of the Philippines

Finland /ˈfɪn.lənd/ pn
Finlandia
Nordic country

Finlandization n
finlandyzacja
the influence of a large state on a smaller one

Finn /fɪn/ n
Fin Finka
person from Finland

Finnish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ adj
fiński
of Finland
of the Finnish language

Finnish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ n
język fiński fiński
language

First Lady n
pierwsza dama
the wife of the President of a country

Flanders /ˈflæn.dɚz/ /ˈflɑːn.dəz/ pn
Flandria
subnational state in the north of federal Belgium
historical county

Flaubertian /floʊˈbɝti.ən/ /fləʊˈbɜːtɪən/ adj
flaubertowski
relating to Gustave Flaubert

Flemish /ˈflɛmɪʃ/ adj
flamandzki
of or relating to Flanders
of or relating to the Flemish variety of the Dutch language

Flemish /ˈflɛmɪʃ/ pn
flamandzki
the Dutch language as it is spoken in Flanders

Flemish Brabant pn
Brabancja Flamandzka
province

Flevoland pn
Flevoland
province of the Netherlands

Floian pn
Floj

Florence /ˈflɑɹɪns/ /ˈflɒɹəns/ /ˈflɔɹəns/ pn
Florencja
city in Tuscany, Italy
province in Tuscany, Italy
female given name

Florentine /ˈflɒɹəntaɪn/ /ˈflɔɹəntin/ adj
florencki
of or relating to the Italian city of Florence

Florentine /ˈflɒɹəntaɪn/ /ˈflɔɹəntin/ n
florentczyk florentka florentynka florentyńczyk
a native or resident of the Italian city of Florence

Florida /ˈflɑɹ.ɪ.də/ /ˈflɒɹ.ɪ.də/ /ˈflɔɹ.ɪ.də/ pn
Floryda
US state

Floréal /ˈflɔːɹɪ.əl/ /ˌflɔɹeɪˈɑl/ pn
floréal
the eighth month of French Republican Calendar

Flying Dutchman /ˌflaɪ.ɪŋ ˈdʌtʃ.mən/ pn
Latający Holender
mythical ghost ship

Flying Spaghetti Monster pn
Latający Potwór Spaghetti
spaghetti deity

Fomalhaut pn
Fomalhaut
star

Fordism n
fordyzm
Fordism

Formosa /fɔɹˈmoʊ.sə/ /fɔːˈməʊ.sə/ pn
Formoza
name given to Taiwan island

Formula One pn
Formuła 1 Formuła Jeden
discipline in motor racing

Fornax pn
Piec
constellation

Forster's tern n
rybitwa czarnoucha
Sterna forsteri

Foucault's pendulum n
Wahadło Foucaulta
pendulum free to move in any direction

Fourier transform n
transformacja Fouriera
mathematics: a process that expresses a function

France /fɹæns/ /fɹɑːns/ pn
Francja
country

Frances /ˈfɹænsɪz/ /ˈfɹɑːnsɪz/ pn
Franciszka
feminine form of Francis

Francis /ˈfɹænsɪs/ /ˈfɹɑːnsɪs/ pn
Franciszek
male given name

Franciscan /fɹænˈsɪskən/ adj
franciszkański
relating to St Francis or to the Franciscans

Franciscan /fɹænˈsɪskən/ n
franciszkanin
a monk or nun belonging to the religious order founded by St Francis of Assisi

Francoism pn
Frankizm
the dictatorship of Francisco Franco in Spain

Francoist adj
frankistowski

Francoist n
frankista frankistka

Francophone /ˈfɹæŋkɒfəʊn/ adj
francuskojęzyczny
French-speaking

Frankfurt pn
Frankfurt
Frankfurt-am-Main
Frankfurt-an-der-Oder

Frankfurt an der Oder pn
Frankfurt nad Odrą
town

Frankfurt-am-Main pn
Frankfurt nad Menem
city in Germany

Franklin's gull n
mewa preriowa
Leucophaeus pipixcan

Frasnian pn
Fran

Frederick /ˈfɹɛd(ə)ɹɪk/ pn
Fryderyk
male given name

Free City of Danzig pn
Wolne Miasto Gdańsk
former sovereign state

Freemasonry pn
masoneria wolnomularstwo
institutions and ways of the Freemasons

Freiburg /fɹaɪ.bɜː(ɹ)ɡ/ pn
Fryburg Bryzgowijski
a German city

French /fɹɛnt͡ʃ/ /fɹɛnʃ/ adj
francuski
of or relating to France
of or relating to the French language
of or relating to the French people

French /fɹɛnt͡ʃ/ /fɹɛnʃ/ n
francuski francuszczyzna
Romance language spoken in France
Francuzi
people of France, collectively

French Guiana pn
Gujana Francuska
Department of French Guiana

French Polynesia /ˈfɹɛntʃ pɑ.lɪˈni.ʒə/ /ˈfɹɛntʃ pɒl.ɪˈniː.ʒə/ pn
Polinezja Francuska
Overseas territory of France

French Republic pn
Republika Francuska
country

French Republican Calendar pn
francuski kalendarz republikański francuski kalendarz rewolucyjny
calendar used for twelve years in revolutionary France

French Riviera pn
Lazurowe Wybrzeże
French Riviera

French horn n
waltornia
musical instrument

French kiss n
francuski pocałunek pocałunek z języczkiem
tongue kiss

French kiss v
całować
to give someone a French kiss
to kiss in this manner

French leave n
wyjście po angielsku
sudden or unannounced departure

French onion soup n
cebulowa
soup

Frenchman n
Francuz
man of French birth or nationality

Frenchwoman n
Francuzka
a French woman

Freudian slip /ˌfɹɔɪdi.ən ˈslɪp/ /ˌfɹɔɪdɪ.ən ˈslɪp/ n
freudowska pomyłka przejęzyczenie freudowskie
subconscious mistake in speech or action

Freya /ˈfɹeɪə/ pn
Freja
Norse goddess of love
female given name

Fribourg pn
Fryburg
A city
A canton

Friday /ˈfɹaɪdeɪ/ n
piątek
day of the week

Friesland /fɹiːzlænd/ /ˈfɹiːzlənd/ pn
Fryzja
province of the Netherlands

Frimaire /fɹiˈmɛəɹ/ /fɹɪˈmɛː/ pn
frimaire
the third month of the French Republican Calendar

Frisbee /ˈfɹɪzbi/ n
frisbee
disk
sport

Frisian /ˈfɹɪʒən/ adj
fryzyjski
of or in the or a Frisian language
of or pertaining to the Dutch province of Friesland
of or relating to the people of Frisia
of or relating to the people of the Dutch province of Friesland
of or relating to the region of Frisia

Frisian /ˈfɹɪʒən/ n
Fryzyjka Fryz
person from the Dutch province of Friesland

Frisian /ˈfɹɪʒən/ pn
fryzyjski
the Frisian language group

Fritz /fɹɪts/ n
fryc helmut szkop szwab
derogatory: a German person

Friuli-Venezia Giulia pn
Friuli-Wenecja Julijska
region

Friulian /fɹiːuːli(ː)ən/ adj
friulski
relating to Friuli

Friulian /fɹiːuːli(ː)ən/ pn
friulski
language spoken in Friuli

Fructidor /ˈfɹʊktɪdɔː/ /ˌfɹʊktəˈdɔɹ/ pn
fructidor
the twelfth month of the French Republican Calendar

Fury pn
Furia
female personification of vengeance

Fusha /ˈfʊshə/ pn
fusha standardowy język arabski
standard Arabic

G clef n
klucz wiolinowy
treble clef

G-d pn
B-g
deliberately incomplete spelling of God

G-string n
stringi
a scanty piece of underwear or lingerie

GDP n
PKB
abbreviation of gross domestic product

GDPR pn
RODO
2018 EU regulation concerning personal data

GDR pn
NRD
German Democratic Republic

GFY phraseologicalUnit
idź się jebać pierdol się
Go fuck yourself

GMO n
GMO
genetically modified organism

GPS receiver n
nawigacja
GPS receiver

Gabon /ɡəˈbɒn/ pn
Gabon
Gabonese Republic

Gabonese /ɡæ.bəˈniːz/ adj
gaboński
Of, from, or pertaining to Gabon or the Gabonese people

Gabonese /ɡæ.bəˈniːz/ n
Gabonka Gabończyk
A person from Gabon or of Gabonese descent

Gabriel /ˈɡeɪbɹi.əl/ pn
Gabriel
male given name

Gabriela pn
Gabriela
female given name

Gaea /dʒiːə/ pn
Gaja
earth goddess

Gaelic /ˈɡalɪk/ /ˈɡeɪlɪk/ /ˈɡælɪk/ adj
gaelicki
relating to the Gaels or their language

Gagauz /ˌɡæɡɑːˈuːz/ adj
gagauski
of, from, or pertaining to Gagauzia, Gagauz people, or the language

Gagauz /ˌɡæɡɑːˈuːz/ n
Gagauz Gagauzka
person

Gagauz /ˌɡæɡɑːˈuːz/ pn
gagauski
language

Gagauzia pn
Gagauzja
Autonomous region

Gaia /ˈɡaɪə/ pn
Gaja
the ecosystem of the Earth regarded as a self-regulating organism

Galapagos Islands pn
Galapagos
the archipelago

Galatia pn
Galacja
region of Asia Minor

Galatian adj
galacki
pertaining to Galatia

Galatian n
Galacjanin Galacjanka Galata Galatka
person from Galatia

Galatians /ɡəˈleɪʃənz/ pn
List do Galatów
book of the Bible

Galicia /ɡəˈlɪs.i.ə/ pn
Galicia
Iberian kingdom, region of Spain
Galicja
historical kingdom in Central Europe

Galician /ɡəˈlɪs.i.ən/ adj
galicyjski galisyjski
pertaining to Galicia in Iberia
galicyjski
pertaining to Galicia in Central Europe

Galician /ɡəˈlɪs.i.ən/ n
galicyjski
Romance language spoken in Galicia
Galicjanin Galicjanka
person(s) from Galicia, Spain

Galilean n
Galilejczyk Galilejka

Galilee pn
Galilea
region of northern Israel

Gallic /ˈɡælɪk/ adj
galijski
of or relating to Gaul or France

Galway /ˈɡɔlweɪ/ /ˈɡɔːlweɪ/ pn
Galway
city in Ireland
county in Ireland

Galway Bay pn
Zatoka Galway
bay off the west coast of Ireland

Gambia /ˈɡæmbi.ə/ pn
Gambia
The Republic of The Gambia

Gambian adj
gambijski
of Gambia

Gambian n
Gambijczyk Gambijka
person from Gambia

Ganesha /ɡəˈne(ɪ)ʃ(ə)/ /ɡəˈneɪʃə/ pn
Ganeśa
Hindu god

Ganges /ˈɡændʒiz/ /ˈɡændʒiːz/ pn
Ganges
the sacred river

Ganymede /ˈɡænɪmiːd/ pn
Ganimedes
satellite of Jupiter
in Greek mythology

Gascon /ˈɡæskən/ n
Gaskon Gaskonka Gaskończyk
inhabitant

Gascony pn
Gaskonia
Former region of France

Gatling gun /ˈɡætlɪŋ ˌɡʌn/ n
kartaczownica Gatlinga
a type of machine gun

Gaul /ɡɔːl/ n
Gal Galijka
person

Gaul /ɡɔːl/ pn
Galia
region

Gaulish adj
galijski
of or pertaining to Gaul

Gaulish pn
galijski
Celtic language of Gaul

Gaza Strip pn
strefa Gazy Strefa Gazy
Gaza Strip

Gazan adj
gazański

Gazan n
Gazańczyk Gazejczyk

Gdańsk /ɡəˈdænsk/ pn
Gdańsk
city of Poland

Gdynian adj
gdyński
from Gdynia

Gehenna /ɡəˈhɛ.nə/ pn
gehenna
hell, in Abrahamic religions

Gelasian pn
gelas

Gelderland pn
Geldria
province of the Netherlands

Gemini /ˈdʒɛmɪnaɪ/ pn
Bliźnięta
astrological sign
constellation

Gemma /ˈdʒɛmə/ pn
Gemma
Alpha (α) Coronae Borealis
feminine given name

General Secretary n
sekretarz generalny
chief administrator of political parties or organizations

Genesis pn
Księga Rodzaju
the book of the Bible

Geneva /dʒəˈniːvə/ pn
Genewa
canton
city

Geneva Convention pn
konwencja genewska
international treaty

Genevan adj
genewski
pertaining to Geneva

Genevieve pn
Genowefa
female given name

Genghis Khan [ˈdʒɛŋɡɪs ˈkɑːn] pn
Czyngis-chan
Genghis Khan

Genoa /ˈdʒɛn.ou.ə/ /ˈdʒɛn.əʊ.ə/ pn
Genua
Italian city
province

Genoese /ˌd͡ʒɛnəʊˈiːz/ adj
genueński
of, from or relating to Genoa

Genseric pn
Genzeryk
male given name

George /dʒɔː(ɹ)dʒ/ pn
Jerzy
male given name

Georgeson /ˈdʒɔː(ɹ)dʒsən/ pn
Jerzewicz
surname meaning "son of George"

Georgia /ˈdʒɔɹ.dʒə/ /ˈdʒɔʊ.dʒə/ /ˈdʒɔː.dʒə/ pn
Gruzja
country
Georgia Gruzja
state of the USA

Georgian /ˈdʒɔːdʒən/ /ˈdʒɔːɹdʒən/ adj
gruziński
pertaining to the country, people or language of Georgia

Georgian /ˈdʒɔːdʒən/ /ˈdʒɔːɹdʒən/ n
gruziński
language of the country Georgia
Gruzinka Gruzin
person from the country of Georgia

German /ˈd͡ʒɜːmən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝmən/ adj
niemiecki Niemiec
of or relating to the country of Germany

German /ˈd͡ʒɜːmən/ /ˈd͡ʒɝmən/ n
Germanin Germanka
member of a Germanic tribe
Niemiec Niemka
member of the Germanic ethnic group which is the most populous ethnic group in Germany
Niemiec Niemka niemiecki
native or inhabitant of Germany; person of German citizenship or nationality
niemiecki język niemiecki
the German language

German Democratic Republic pn
Niemiecka Republika Demokratyczna
East Germany from 1949-1990

German Empire pn
Cesarstwo Niemieckie
Germany between 1871 and 1918

German Shepherd n
owczarek niemiecki
Medium sized breed of dog

German studies n
filologia germańska germanistyka filologia niemiecka
academic discipline

Germanic /d͡ʒɜː(ɹ)ˈmæn.ɪk/ adj
germański
relating to the Germanic peoples
relating to the language or group of languages known as Germanic

Germanic /d͡ʒɜː(ɹ)ˈmæn.ɪk/ pn
germański
early language
germańskie
group of Indo-European languages

Germanism n
germanizm
a word or idiom of the German language

Germany /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mə.nɪ/ /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mə.ni/ pn
Niemcy
country in Central Europe

Germinal /ˈdʒɜːmɪnəl/ /ˈdʒɝmənəl/ pn
germinal
the seventh month of the French Republican Calendar

Gertrude /ˈɡɝtɹud/ pn
Gertruda
female given name

Gervase pn
Gerwazy
male given name

Gethsemane pn
Getsemani
garden in ancient Jerusalem

Ghana /ˈɡɑnə/ /ˈɡɑːnə/ pn
Ghana
The Republic of Ghana

Ghent /ˈɡɛnt/ pn
Gandawa
capital city of the province of East Flanders, Belgium

Ghibelline /ˈɡɪbəlin/ /ˈɡɪbɪlaɪn/ n
gibelin
member of a medieval Italian faction that supported the German emperors

Ghost of Christmas Past pn
Duch minionych świąt Bożego Narodzenia
the fictional ghost

Ghost of Christmas Present pn
duch teraźniejszych świąt Bożego Narodzenia
the fictional ghost

Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come pn
duch przyszłych świąt Bożego Narodzenia
the fictional ghost

Giant Mountains pn
Karkonosze
the particular mountain range

Gibraltar /d͡ʒɪˈbɹɔːltə(ɹ)/ pn
Gibraltar
British overseas territory

Gilead /ˈɡɪliæd/ pn
Gilead
Biblical region east of the Jordan

Giles /dʒaɪlz/ pn
Idzi
male given name

Girl Scout n
skautka
a member of the Girl Scouts

Girondist n
żyrondysta
member of a moderate faction during the French revolution

Glagolitic /ˌɡlæɡəʊˈlɪtɪk/ /ˌɡlæɡəˈlɪtɪk/ adj
głagolicki głagoliczny
of or pertaining to the Glagolitic alphabet

Glagolitic /ˌɡlæɡəʊˈlɪtɪk/ /ˌɡlæɡəˈlɪtɪk/ n
głagolica
the oldest known Slavonic alphabet

Glasgow /ˈɡlaz.ɡo/ /ˈɡlæz.ɡoʊ/ /ˈɡlɑːz.ɡəʊ/ pn
Glasgow
the city Glasgow

Glaswegian /ɡlaz.ˈwiːdʒən/ adj
glasgowski

Gliwice pn
Gliwice
city in Poland

Gnosticism /ˈnɑstəsɪzəm/ /ˈnɒstɪsɪzəm/ n
gnostycyzm
Gnosticism

Goa pn
Goa
state in western India

Gobelin n
gobelin
a mainly French and Flemish type of tapestry

God /ɡɑ(d)/ /ɡɑd/ /ɡɒd/ n
Bóg
an omnipotent being

God /ɡɑ(d)/ /ɡɑd/ /ɡɒd/ pn
Bóg
single male deity of duotheism

God bless you interjection
niech cię Bóg błogosławi
said as a short prayer for the recipient
na zdrowie
said to somebody who has sneezed

God complex n
Kompleks Boga
narcissistic personality disorder

God forbid interjection
Broń Boże! Nie daj Bóg! Niech Pan Bóg broni!
Don't let it be

God the Father pn
Bóg Ojciec
aspect of the Trinity

God the Holy Ghost pn
Bóg Duch Święty
aspect of the Trinity

God the Son pn
Bóg Syn
the aspect of the Trinity corresponding to Jesus Christ

God willing interjection
jak Bóg da
God willing

God works in mysterious ways proverb
niezbadane są wyroki Boskie
a situation may be beneficial later

God-fearing adj
bogobojny
following the precepts of a religious practice and respects and reveres god and his authority

Godfrey pn
Godfryd
male given name

Godspeed /ɡɑdˈspid/ /ɡɒdˈspiːd/ n
powodzenia z Bogiem
wish that the outcome of someone's actions is positive for them

Godzilla /ɡɑdˈzɪlə/ /ɡɒdˈzɪlə/ pn
Godzilla Godżilla
Japanese science-fiction monster

Goethean adj
goethowski
relating to Goethe

Gogol pn
Gogol
Gogol

Goidelic /ɡɔɪˈdɛlɪk/ n
gaelicki goidelski
division of the Celtic languages

Golan Heights pn
Wzgórza Golan
plateau

Golden Gate Bridge pn
Golden Gate Bridge most Golden Gate
suspension bridge in California

Golden Horde pn
Złota Orda
the Mongol invaders

Goldilocks pn
Złotowłosa
fairy tale character

Goldilocks zone n
strefa Złotowłosej
the planetary zone that could sustain life

Golgotha /ˈɡɒlɡəθə/ pn
Golgota
the crucifixion hill

Goliath /ɡəˈlaɪəθ/ pn
Goliat
biblical giant

Gomel pn
Gomel Homel
city

Gomorrah /ɡəˈmɔɹə/ pn
Gomora
city in the Middle East

Gondwana /ɡɑndˈwɑnə/ /ɡɒndˈwɑːnə/ pn
Gondwana
southern supercontinent

Good Friday pn
Wielki Piątek
The Friday before Easter Sunday, the commemoration of the day on which Christ was crucified

Goofy pn
Goofy
Disney character

Google /ˈɡuːɡəl/ pn
Google
Google (in other scripts, the trademark may also be written in Roman letters)

Gorbachev pn
Gorbaczow
Russian surname

Gordian knot /ˈɡoʊɹdɪən ˈnɑt/ /ˈɡɔːdɪən ˈnɒt/ n
węzeł gordyjski
intricate problem
mythical knot

Gorizia pn
Gorycja
town & province

Gorno-Altaysk pn
Gornoałtajsk
town, centre of the Altai Republic, Russia

Gorstian pn
Gorst

Gorzów pn
Gorzów
city

Gorzów Wielkopolski pn
Gorzów Wielkopolski
city

Gorzów Śląski pn
Gorzów Śląski
city

Gothenburg /ˈɡɑθn̩bɝɡ/ /ˈɡɒθn̩bɜːɡ/ pn
Göteborg
city on the west coast of Sweden

Gothenburger n
göteborczyk göteborka
person from, or an inhabitant of, Gothenburg

Gothic /ˈɡɑ.θɪk/ /ˈɡɒ.θɪk/ adj
gocki
of or relating to the Goths
gotycki
of or relating to the architectural style
of or relating to the goth subculture or lifestyle
of the type formerly used for printing German

Gothic /ˈɡɑ.θɪk/ /ˈɡɒ.θɪk/ pn
gocki
extinct Germanic language

Gotland pn
Gotlandia
island of Sweden

Graham bread n
graham
bread baked of graham flour

Granada pn
Granada
city in Spain

Grand Duchy of Lithuania pn
Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
former European state

Grand Prix /ɡɹɑ̃ ˈpɹiː/ /ɡɹɒn ˈpɹiː/ n
grand prix
any of several international races, especially one of a series for Formula One racing cars

Grandmaster n
arcymistrz
highest title for chess player

Great Barrier Reef pn
Wielka Rafa Koralowa
Great Barrier Reef

Great Bear pn
Wielka Niedźwiedzica
a bright circumpolar asterism of the northern sky

Great Britain pn
Wielka Brytania
island
United Kingdom

Great Dane n
dog niemiecki
mastiff

Great Game pn
wielka gra
the strategic rivalry and conflict

Great Lakes pn
Wielkie Jeziora Północnoamerykańskie
a group of five lakes on the United States-Canada border

Great Leap Forward pn
Wielki skok naprzód
Great Leap Forward (in China)

Great Pyramid of Giza pn
Piramida Cheopsa
the largest and most famous of the Egyptian pyramids

Great Vowel Shift pn
wielka przesuwka samogłoskowa
major change in the pronunciation of the English language

Greater London pn
Wielki Londyn
administrative area

Greater Poland pn
Wielkopolska
region of Poland

Greater Poland Voivodeship pn
województwo wielkopolskie
Greater Poland Voivodeship

Greece /ɡɹiːs/ pn
Grecja
country in Southeastern Europe

Greek /ɡɹiːk/ adj
grecki
of the Greek language, people or country

Greek /ɡɹiːk/ n
Grek Greczynka
inhabitant, etc., of Greece
grecki greka
language of the Greek people

Greek Orthodox Church pn
Grecki Kościół Prawosławny
Greek Orthodox Church

Greek fire n
ogień grecki
flammable substance

Greenland /ˈɡɹiːn.lənd/ pn
Grenlandia
a large self-governing island in North America

Greenlander n
Grenlandczyk Grenlandka
a person from Greenland or of Greenlandic descent

Greenlandish adj
grenlandzki
of, from, or pertaining to Greenland, its people or language

Greenlandish n
grenlandzki
language

Gregorian calendar pn
kalendarz gregoriański
calendar

Gregory /ˈɡɹɛɡəɹi/ pn
Grzegorz
male given name

Grenada /ɡɹəˈneɪ.də/ pn
Grenada
Caribbean country

Gretel pn
Małgosia
character in the fairy tale Hansel and Gretel
Gosia Małgosia
given name

Grim Reaper /ˈɡɹɪm ˈɹipɚ/ /ˈɡɹɪm ˈɹiːpə/ pn
kostucha śmiertka
personification of Death

Grodno pn
Grodno
city

Groningen pn
Groningen
city
province

Grozny pn
Grozny
city in Russia

Grudziądz pn
Grudziądz
city

Grus pn
Żuraw
spring constellation of the southern sky

Guadalcanal /ˌɡwɑːdəlkəˈnɑːl/ pn
Guadalcanal
Pacific island

Guadalquivir /ˌɡwɑdəlkiˈvɪɹ/ /ˌɡwɑːdəlkɪˈvɪə/ pn
Gwadalkiwir
river in southern Spain

Guadalupian pn
gwadalup
Guadalupian epoch

Guadeloupe /ɡwɑː.də.ˈluːp/ pn
Gwadelupa
overseas department of France

Guadiana /ˌɡwɑdiˈɑnə/ /ˌɡwɑːdɪˈɑːnə/ pn
Gwadiana
river in Spain and Portugal

Guam /ɡwæm/ /ɡwɑm/ pn
Guam
Territory of Guam

Guangzhou /ɡwæŋˈdʒəʊ/ /ˈɡwɑŋˈdʒoʊ/ pn
Kanton
Chinese city

Guatemala /ˌɡwɑː.təˈmɑː.lə/ pn
Gwatemala
country in Central America

Guatemala City pn
Gwatemala
capital of Guatemala

Guatemalan adj
gwatemalski
of, from, or pertaining to Guatemala or its people

Guelph /ɡwɛlf/ n
gwelf
member of a medieval Italian faction that supported the Pope

Guernsey /ˈɡɜːnzi/ /ˈɡɝnzi/ pn
Guernsey
island

Guianan slaty antshrike n
chronka plamista
bird

Guillain-Barré syndrome /ɡiːˈæn bəˈɹeɪ ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ /ˈɡiːlæn ˈbɑɹeɪ ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ n
zespół Guillaina-Barrégo
rapid-onset muscle weakness resulting from impaired peripheral nervous system function

Guinea /ˈɡɪniː/ pn
Gwinea
short form of the Republic of Guinea

Guinea-Bissau pn
Gwinea Bissau
Republic of Guinea-Bissau

Guinean adj
gwinejski
from Guinea

Guinevere /ˈɡwɪ.nɪ.vɪə/ /ˈɡwɪ.nɪ.vɪɹ/ pn
Ginewra
female given name
wife of King Arthur

Gujarat /ˌɡʊdʒəˈɹɑːt/ pn
Gudżarat
state in India

Gujarati n
gudżarati
language

Gulf Stream pn
Prąd Zatokowy
warm ocean current

Gulf of Bothnia pn
Zatoka Botnicka
arm of the Baltic

Gulf of Finland pn
Zatoka Fińska
arm of the Baltic Sea

Gulf of Mexico pn
Zatoka Meksykańska
gulf between USA and Mexico

Gulf of Naples pn
Zatoka Neapolitańska
Mediterranean gulf along the coast of Campania

Gulf of Riga pn
Zatoka Ryska
inland body of water that is part of the Baltic Sea in eastern Europe and is near Latvia and Estonia

Guy /ɡaɪ/ pn
Gwido Wit
male given name

Guy Fawkes Night pn
Noc Guya Fawkesa
celebration

Guyana /ɡaɪˈɑː.nə/ pn
Gujana
country

Guyanese /ˌɡaɪəˈniːz/ adj
gujański
pertaining to Guyana

Guyanese /ˌɡaɪəˈniːz/ n
Gujanka Gujańczyk
person from Guyana

Guzhangian pn
Paib

Gypsy /ˈd͡ʒɪp.si/ n
cygan cyganka
a member of the Romani people or another nomadic group

Gzhelian pn
gżel

Görlitz pn
Zgorzelec
city in Saxony, Germany

HIV /ˌeɪtʃ.aɪˈviː/ n
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus

HTTP cookie n
ciasteczko cookie
packet of information sent by a server to a World Wide Web browser and then returned by the browser each time it accesses that server

Haapsalu pn
Haapsalu
town

Habakkuk /həˈbæk.ək/ pn
Księga Habakuka
book of the Bible
Habakuk Księga Habakuka
male given name
prophet

Hades /ˈheɪdiːz/ pn
Hades
from Greek mythology
the underworld, the domain of Hades

Hagar /ˈheɪɡɑː/ /ˈheɪɡɑːɹ/ pn
Hagar
mother of Ishmael

Haggai /ˈhæɡaɪ/ pn
Księga Aggeusza
book of The Bible

Hagia Sophia /ˈhɑːɡiə soʊˈfiə/ pn
Hagia Sofia
a former basilica, now a museum in Turkey

Haifa pn
Hajfa
City in Israel

Hail Mary n
Zdrowaś Mario zdrowaśka
prayer

Hainaut pn
Hainaut
province

Haiti /ˈheɪ.ti/ pn
Haiti
a country in the Caribbean

Haitian /ˈheɪ.ʃən/ adj
haitański
pertaining to the country, people, or language

Haitian /ˈheɪ.ʃən/ n
Haitanka Haitańczyk
person from Haiti

Halloween /ˌhæləˈwiːn/ pn
Dziady Halloween wigilia Wszystkich Świętych
October 31st

Halych pn
Halicz
a historic city

Ham /hæm/ pn
Cham
a son of Noah and the brother of Japheth and Shem

Hamburg /ˈhæmbɜːɡ/ /ˈhæmbɝɡ/ pn
Hamburg
city and state of Germany

Hamburger /ˈhæmbɜːɡə/ /ˈhæmbɝɡɚ/ n
hamburczyk
A person from Hamburg

Hamiltonian graph n
graf hamiltonowski
graph for which there is a Hamiltonian cycle

Hamiltonian path n
ścieżka hamiltonowska
path which visits each vertex exactly once

Hamlet /ˈhæmlət/ pn
Hamlet
the main character of the play Hamlet

Hampshire /ˈhæmpʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈhæmpʃɪə/ pn
Hampshire
county in the south of England

Hanakian adj
hanacki
pertaining to Hanakia

Hanakian n
Hanaczka Hanak
person from Moravia

Hangeul /ˈhɑnˌɡul/ n
hangul hangyl hangeul
Korean phonetic script

Hannah /ˈhænə/ pn
Hanna
female given name

Hanoi pn
Hanoi
capital of Vietnam

Hanover /ˈhænəvə/ /ˈhænˌoʊvɚ/ pn
Hanower
German city

Hansard /ˈhænsəd/ /ˈhænsɚd/ n
Hansard
official report of debates and other proceedings in the British and some Commonwealth parliaments

Hanse /hæns/ n
hanza
merchant guild

Hanseatic adj
hanzeatycki
of or pertaining to the German Hanse

Hanseatic League pn
Hanza Liga Hanzeatycka
former commercial and military alliance

Hansel pn
Jaś
fictional character in Hansel and Gretel

Hansel and Gretel pn
Jaś i Małgosia
the fairy tale

Hanukkah /ˈhɑː.nə.kə/ /ˈhʌ.nʊ.kə/ pn
Chanuka Święto Świateł Święto Świec
the Jewish festival

Haratin n
Haratyni
a member of a certain Berber people

Hari pn
Hari
a Hindu god

Hartley County pn
Hrabstwo Hartley
county

Hartley oscillator n
Generator Hartleya

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan pn
Jordańskie Królestwo Haszymidzkie
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Hasid n
chasyd
a member of a Hasidic movement

Hasidism pn
chasydyzm
Jewish movement

Haskell pn
Haskell
language

Hausa /ˈhaʊsə/ n
Hausa
people

Hausa /ˈhaʊsə/ pn
hausa
language

Havana /həˈvænə/ pn
Hawana
capital of Cuba

Hawaii /həˈvaɪʔi/ /həˈwaɪ(j)i/ /həˈwaɪ.i/ pn
Hawaje
state of the United States
chain of islands
largest of the Hawaiian Islands

Hawaiian /hə.ˈwaɪ.ən/ adj
hawajski
of or having to do with the Hawaiian race, culture, or language
descended from the peoples inhabiting the Hawaiian islands prior to European contact
of or having to do with a resident of the US state of Hawaii
of or having to do with the culture of the US state of Hawaii

Hawaiian /hə.ˈwaɪ.ən/ n
hawajski język hawajski
Hawaiian language
Hawajczyk Hawajka
a descendant of the peoples inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands prior to European contact
a resident of the US state of Hawaii

Hebe /ˈhiːb/ /ˈhiːbi/ pn
Hebe
goddess of youth

Hebraist n
hebraista hebraistka
a scholar who specializes in the study of the Hebrew language

Hebrew /ˈhiːbɹuː/ adj
hebrajski
pertaining to the people
pertaining to the language

Hebrew /ˈhiːbɹuː/ n
hebrajski hebrajska
language
Hebrajczyk Hebrajka
person

Hebrews pn
List do Hebrajczyków
book of the Bible

Hector /ˈhɛktə/ /ˈhɛktɚ/ pn
Hektor
Trojan hero
male given name

Hedwig pn
Jadwiga
female given name

Heffalump /ˈhɛfəlʌmp/ n
hefalump
fictional elephant-like creature

Hegelian /heɪˈɡeɪlɪən/ /həˈɡeɪli.ən/ adj
heglowski
of or pertaining to Hegel's ideas

Hejaz pn
Hidżaz
area

Helenus pn
Helenos
the son of King Priam

Helios /ˈhiːliɒs/ pn
Helios
god

Hellene n
Hellen
a Greek

Hellenic adj
helleński
of or relating to the ancient Greek culture and civilization

Hellenic Republic pn
Republika Grecka
official name of Greece

Hellenist /ˈhɛl.ɪ.nɪst/ n
hellenista hellenistka
specialist in the study of Greek culture or history

Helsinki /hɛlˈsɪŋ.ki/ pn
Helsinki
the capital city of Finland

Helsinkian adj
helsiński
of, from, or pertaining to, Helsinki

Helsinkian n
helsinka helsińczyk
person

Helvetia /helˈviːʃə/ pn
Helwecja
Switzerland; the national personification of Switzerland
an ancient Celtic country in central Europe

Helvetian adj
helwecki
from the ancient country of Helvetia

Helvetian n
Helweta Helwetka
someone from ancient country of Helvetia

Henrietta /hɛnˈɹiː.ɛt.ə/ pn
Henryka
feminine form of Henry

Henry /ˈhɛn.ɹi/ pn
Henryk
given name

Hephaestus /hɪˈfiːstəs/ /hɪˈfɛstəs/ pn
Hefajstos
Greek god

Hera /ˈhɪəɹə/ pn
Hera
queen of the gods, wife of Zeus

Hercules /ˈhɜːkjəliːz/ /ˈhɝːkjəliːz/ pn
Herkules
The Roman name of Heracles
constellation

Hermaphroditus /hɚˌmæf.ɹəˈdaɪ.təs/ pn
Hermafrodyta
Greek god

Hermes /ˈhɝmiːz/ pn
Hermes
Greek god Hermes

Hermitian /hɜː(ɹ)ˈmɪʃən/ adj
hermitowski
equal to its transpose conjugate

Herod /ˈhɛɹəd/ pn
Herod
king

Herodotus /həˈɹɑːdətəs/ /həˈɹɒdətəs/ pn
Herodot
ancient historian

Hertzsprung-Russell diagram n
diagram Hertzsprunga-Russella
plot of the absolute magnitude of stars

Herzeg-Bosnia pn
Herceg-Bośnia
country on the Balkan peninsula

Herzeg-Bosnian adj
hercegbośniacki
of or pertaining to Bosnia

Herzegovina /ˌhɛəɹtsɨˈɡoʊvɨnə/ pn
Hercegowina
Southern wedge of the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Hesiod /ˈhiːsi.əd/ pn
Hezjod
Greek poet

Hesse pn
Hesja
state

Hessian /ˈhɛsɪən/ /ˈhɛʃən/ adj
heski
pertaining to Hesse

Hestia /ˈhɛsti.ə/ pn
Hestia
Greek goddess

Hettangian pn
hettang
age/stage of the Jurassic period/system

Hezbollah pn
Hezbollah
Lebanese Shia islamic organisation

Hieronymus pn
Hieronim
male given name

Higgs boson n
bozon Higgs'a
elementary particle

Highway Code pn
kodeks drogowy
road manual

Hiiumaa pn
Hiuma
island of Estonia

Hijra /ˈhɪd͡ʒɹə/ n
hedżra hidżra
Muhammad's departure from Mecca

Hilbert cube n
kostka Hilberta
topological space

Hilda /ˈhɪldə/ pn
Hilda
female given name

Himalayan black-lored tit n
sýkora chocholatá
Machlolophus xanthogenys

Himalayas /ˌhɪməˈleɪəz/ pn
Himalaje
a mountain range of south-central Asia

Hindi /ˈhɪndi/ n
hindi
language

Hindu Kush pn
Hindukusz
mountain range

Hinduism /ˈhɪnduɪzəm/ pn
hinduizm
religion

Hippocrates /hɪˈpɒkɹəˌtiːz/ pn
Hipokrates
an Ancient Greek male given name

Hirnantian pn
Hirnant

His Holiness n
jego świątobliwość
honorific title

Hispanic America pn
Hispanoameryka
parts of the Americas which speak Spanish

Hitler pn
Hitler
Austrian surname held by Adolf Hitler

Hitlerian adj
hitlerowski
related to Adolf Hitler

Hitlerism n
hitleryzm
political philosophy of Hitler

Hittite /ˈhɪtaɪt/ adj
hetycki
of or relating to the Hittite people, language or kingdom

Hittite /ˈhɪtaɪt/ n
Chetyta Chittyta Hetyta
person

Hittite /ˈhɪtaɪt/ pn
hetycki
language

Hittitologist n
hetytolog
a person specialised in Hittitology

Hittitology n
hetytologia
the study of Hittites and their language and culture

Hmong /h(ə)ˈmɑŋ/ /h(ə)ˈmɒŋ/ n
Miao
people

Hokkaido pn
Hokkaido
a northern largest island of Japan, or a prefecture based in itself

Holland /ˈhɑlənd/ /ˈhɒlənd/ pn
Holandia
the Netherlands
a region of the Netherlands

Hollywood pn
Hollywood
area of Los Angeles

Holocaust /ˈhɑləkɑst/ /ˈhɑləkɔst/ /ˈhɒləkɔːst/ pn
Holokaust

Holocene adj
holoceński
relating to the epoch from about 11,000 years ago to the present

Holocene pn
holocen
The Holocene epoch

Holodomor /ˌhɒlədəˈmɔː(ɹ)/ pn
Wielki Głód Hołodomor
1932–33 famine in Ukraine

Holy Communion pn
eucharystia komunia święta
Christian sacrament

Holy Grail pn
Święty Graal
artifact in Christian mythology

Holy Land pn
Ziemia Święta
that part of Asia in which most Biblical events are set

Holy Roman Empire pn
Święte Cesarstwo Rzymskie Narodu Niemieckiego
state

Holy See pn
Stolica Apostolska
episcopal see of the Catholic Church

Holy Spirit pn
Duch Święty
Christian: aspect of the Holy Trinity

Holy Week pn
Wielki Tydzień
week preceding Easter

Home Army pn
Armia Krajowa
Polish resistance movement

Honduran adj
honduraski
Pertaining to Honduras

Honduran n
Honduranin Honduranka
Person from Honduras

Honduras /hɑnˈdʊɹ.əs/ /hɒnˈdjʊə.ɹəs/ pn
Honduras
a country in Central America

Hong Kong /ˌhɒŋˈkɒŋ/ pn
Hongkong
coastal administrative region in south-east China

Hongkongese adj
hongkoński
relating to Hong Kong

Honorius pn
Honoriusz
male given name

Hope /ˈhoʊp/ /ˈhəʊp/ pn
Nadia Nadzieja
female given name

Horace /ˈhɒɹəs/ /ˈhɔɹəs/ pn
Horacy
male given name
poet

Horn of Africa pn
Półwysep Somalijski Róg Afryki
peninsula in East Africa

Horologium pn
Zegar
constellation

Hosea /ˌhoʊˈziːə/ pn
Księga Ozeasza Ozeasz
book of the Bible
Ozeasz
prophet

House of Commons pn
Izba Gmin
lower house in UK or Canadian parliament

House of Lords pn
Izba Lordów
upper chamber of UK parliament

House of Representatives pn
izba reprezentantów
lower house of parliament

Hradec Králové pn
Hradec Králové
city in the Czech republic

Huang He pn
Rzeka Żółta
river of northern China

Hubble constant pn
prawo Hubble'a
number

Hubert /ˈhjubɚt/ pn
Hubert
male given name

Hudsonian godwit n
szlamnik amerykanski
Limosa haemastica

Hun /hʌn/ n
Hun
member of nomadic tribe

Hungarian /hʌŋˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/ adj
węgierski
of, from, or pertaining to Hungary

Hungarian /hʌŋˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/ n
Węgier Węgierka
person from Hungary
węgierski
the language

Hungarian People's Republic pn
Węgierska Republika Ludowa
anticapitalist country

Hungarian hound n
gończy węgierski
hunting dog

Hungarian notation /hʌŋˈɡɛɹi.ən noʊˈteɪʃən/ n
notacja węgierska
Hungarian notation

Hungarian studies n
filologia węgierska hungarystyka
a field of study concerned with Hungarian language, literature, ethnology, culture, history or society

Hungarianism n
hungaryzm
a word or idiom of the Hungarian language

Hungary /ˈhʌŋ.ɡəɹ.i/ pn
Węgry
the country

Husayn pn
Husajn
Husayn

Hussite n
husyta husytka
follower

Hussitism pn
husytyzm
religious reform movement of the Bohemian Reformation

Hyacinth pn
Hiacynta
female given name
Hiacynt Jacek
male given name

Hyde Park pn
Hyde Park
name of a park

Hydra /ˈhaɪ̯dɹə/ pn
Hydra
constellation
one of Pluto's moons
mythical serpent

Hydrus pn
Wąż Wodny
constellation

Hypnos /ˈhɪpnɒs/ pn
Hypnos
Hypnos, the Greek god of sleep

I /aɪ/ /aː/ /ɑe/ pronoun
ja
personal pronoun

I am English phraseologicalUnit
jestem Angielką jestem Anglikiem
I am English

I am a doctor phraseologicalUnit
jestem lekarką jestem lekarzem
I am a doctor (a physician)

I came, I saw, I conquered phraseologicalUnit
przyszedłam, zobaczyłam, zwyciężyłam przyszedłem, zobaczyłem, zwyciężyłem
used to indicate a total swift victory

I can't find my ... phraseologicalUnit
nie mogę znaleźć moich ... nie mogę znaleźć mojego ... nie mogę znaleźć mojej ...
I can't find my ...

I can't swim phraseologicalUnit
nie umiem pływać
I can't swim

I could eat a horse phraseologicalUnit
jestem głodny jak wilk zjadłbym konia z kopytami
I am very hungry

I don't drive phraseologicalUnit
nie kieruję nie prowadzę
I don't drive (a car, a vehicle)

I don't eat meat phraseologicalUnit
nie jadam mięsa nie jem mięsa
I don't eat meat

I don't know [ɑɪ̯ ɾoʊ̯(ʔ)t̚ noʊ̯] phraseologicalUnit
nie wiem
I don’t know

I don't speak English phraseologicalUnit
nie mówię po polsku
I don't speak (fill with the name of the current foreign language)
nie mówię po angielsku
I don't speak English (specifically English)

I don't think so phraseologicalUnit
myślę że nie
I think that what has been said is untrue

I don't understand phraseologicalUnit
nie rozumiem
I don't understand

I don't want it phraseologicalUnit
nie chcę tego
I don't want it

I hate you phraseologicalUnit
nienawidzę cię
expression of intense dislike

I have a cold /aɪ hæv ə koʊld/ phraseologicalUnit
jestem przeziębiona jestem przeziębiony
I have a cold

I have a fever phraseologicalUnit
mam gorączkę
I have a fever

I have a headache phraseologicalUnit
boli mnie głowa
I have a headache

I have a question phraseologicalUnit
mam pytanie
I have a question

I have high blood pressure phraseologicalUnit
Mam wysokie ciśnienie.
I have high blood pressure

I have no money phraseologicalUnit
nie mam pieniędzy
I have no money

I know phraseologicalUnit
wiem
response indicating agreement with prior statement before it was made

I like you phraseologicalUnit
podobasz mi się
I like you

I live in Melbourne phraseologicalUnit
mieszkam w Melbourne
I live in Melbourne (example city)

I lost my backpack phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam plecak zgubiłem plecak
I lost my backpack

I lost my glasses phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam okulary zgubiłem okulary
I lost my glasses

I lost my handbag phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam torebkę
I lost my handbag

I lost my keys phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam klucze zgubiłem klucze
I lost my keys

I lost my wallet phraseologicalUnit
zgubiłam portfel zgubiłem portfel
I lost my wallet

I love you /aɪ lʌv juː/ phraseologicalUnit
kocham cię
affirmation of affection or deep caring
affirmation of romantic feeling

I miss you phraseologicalUnit
tęsknię za tobą
I miss you

I must go phraseologicalUnit
muszę iść
I must go

I need ... phraseologicalUnit
potrzebuję
I need ... (something)

I think so phraseologicalUnit
myślę że tak
I think so

I think therefore I am phraseologicalUnit
myślę, więc jestem
philosophical proof of existence

I want to know phraseologicalUnit
chcę wiedzieć
I want to know

I was born in ... phraseologicalUnit
urodziłam się w ... urodziłem się w ...
I was born in ... (place name)
urodziłam się w ... roku urodziłem się w ... roku
I was born in ... (year)

I wish phraseologicalUnit
jeśli by jeśliby o ile
I would very much like that to be so

I'd like to know phraseologicalUnit
chciałabym wiedzieć chciałbym wiedzieć
phrase

I'm ... year(s) old phraseologicalUnit
mam ... lat mam ... lata mam 1 rok
I am ... year(s) old

I'm Jewish phraseologicalUnit
jestem Żydem jestem Żydówką
I'm Jewish (ethnic)

I'm a Catholic phraseologicalUnit
jestem katoliczką jestem katolikiem
I'm a Catholic

I'm a Christian phraseologicalUnit
jestem chrześcijaninem jestem chrześcijanką
I'm a Christian

I'm a Muslim phraseologicalUnit
jestem muzułmaninem jestem muzułmanką
I'm a Muslim

I'm a Protestant phraseologicalUnit
jestem protestant jestem protestantka
I'm a Protestant

I'm a vegetarian phraseologicalUnit
jestem wegetarianinem jestem wegetarianką
I'm vegetarian

I'm afraid so phraseologicalUnit
obawiam się, że tak
unfortunately, yes

I'm allergic to aspirin phraseologicalUnit
mam alergię na aspirynę
I'm allergic to aspirin

I'm allergic to nuts phraseologicalUnit
mam uczulenie na orzechy
I'm allergic to nuts

I'm blind /aɪm ˈblaɪnd/ phraseologicalUnit
jestem ślepa jestem ślepy
I'm blind

I'm cold phraseologicalUnit
mnie jest zimno
I'm cold

I'm deaf /aɪm ˈdɛf/ phraseologicalUnit
jestem głucha jestem głuchy
I'm deaf

I'm dying phraseologicalUnit
umieram
I'm dying

I'm fine, thank you phraseologicalUnit
dziękuję, dobrze
expected, polite response to How are you?

I'm gay phraseologicalUnit
Jestem gejem Jestem homoseksualistką Jestem homoseksualistą Jestem lesbijką
I'm gay

I'm hungry phraseologicalUnit
chce mi się jeść jestem głodna jestem głodny
I'm hungry

I'm looking for a job phraseologicalUnit
szukam pracy
I'm looking for a job

I'm lost phraseologicalUnit
zabłądziłem zgubiłam się zgubiłem się
I'm lost

I'm married phraseologicalUnit
jestem mężatką jestem żonaty
I'm married

I'm not interested phraseologicalUnit
nie jestem zainteresowany
I'm not interested

I'm pregnant phraseologicalUnit
jestem ciężarna
I'm pregnant

I'm sick phraseologicalUnit
jestem chora jestem chory
I'm sick/ill

I'm single phraseologicalUnit
jestem niezamężna jestem nieżonaty jestem singiel jestem singielka
I'm single

I'm sorry phraseologicalUnit
przepraszam
I'm sorry

I'm thirsty phraseologicalUnit
pić mi się chce
I need a drink

I'm tired phraseologicalUnit
jestem zmęczona jestem zmęczony
I am tired (in need of rest or sleep)

I'm twenty years old phraseologicalUnit
mam dwadzieścia lat
I am twenty years old

I've been raped phraseologicalUnit
zostałem(am) zgwałcony(a)
I've been raped

I've been robbed phraseologicalUnit
obrabowano mnie zostałam obrabowana zostałem obrabowany
I've been robbed

I've been shot phraseologicalUnit
zostałam postrzelona zostałem postrzelony
I've been shot

ICU n
OIT oddział intensywnej terapii OITM
intensive care unit

ID card n
dowód osobisty
card or badge showing the official identity of the wearer

IED /ˌaɪ iː ˈdiː/ n
ajdik fugas
improvised explosive device

IKEA /ɪˈkeː.ˈa/ pn
IKEA
international, originally Swedish retailer

IMO pn
Międzynarodowa Organizacja Morska
International Maritime Organization

IPA /aɪ piː ˈeɪ/ pn
IPA MAF
International Phonetic Alphabet

IQ n
IQ
abbreviation of intelligence quotient

ISS pn
MSK
International Space Station

Iași pn
Jassy
city in Romania

Iberian adj
iberyjski
Native to Iberia

Iberian Peninsula pn
Półwysep Iberyjski Półwysep Pirenejski
peninsula

Ibiza /ɪˈbiːθə/ pn
Ibiza
island

Icarus /ˈɪkəɹəs/ pn
Ikar

Iceland /ˈaɪs.lənd/ pn
Islandia
country in Europe

Iceland gull n
mewa polarna
Larus glaucoides

Icelandic /aɪsˈlændɪk/ adj
islandzki
of or relating to Iceland

Icelandic /aɪsˈlændɪk/ n
islandzki
language

Icelandic Sheepdog n
pasterski islandzki
Icelandic Sheepdog

Ida /ˈaɪdə/ pn
Ida
female given name

Ignatius /ɪɡˈneɪʃəs/ pn
Ignacy
male given name

Igor /ˈaɪɡɔːɹ/ /ˈiːɡɔːɹ/ pn
Igor
male given name

Ijekavian pn
ijekawski jekawski
Ijekavian dialect(s)

Ikavian pn
ikawski
dialect or a group of dialects

Il Duce /il ˈdutʃeɪ/ /iːl ˈduːtʃeɪ/ pn
duce
title assumed by Mussolini

Illyria pn
Iliria
region in the Balkan Peninsula

Immaculate Conception pn
Niepokalane Poczęcie
doctrine
feast

India /ˈɪndi.ə/ pn
Indie
the country

Indian /ˈɪndi.ən/ /ˈɪndɪən/ adj
indyjski
of or pertaining to India
indiański
of, or related to, the aboriginal people of the Americas

Indian /ˈɪndi.ən/ /ˈɪndɪən/ n
Hindus Hinduska
a person from India
Indianin Indianka
individual of, or related to, the aboriginal people of the Americas

Indian English n
indyjska odmiana języka angielskiego
Indian dialect of English

Indian Ocean pn
Ocean Indyjski
the ocean separating Africa, southern Asia, Australia and Antarctica

Indian black-lored tit n
sikora indyjska
Machlolophus aplonotus

Indian myna n
majna brunatna

Indian summer /ˈɪn.di.ən ˈsʌ.mɚ/ /ˈɪn.dɪ.ən ˈsʌ.mə(ɹ)/ n
pogodna jesień życia
late autumn of life; late flowering of activity before old age
babie lato pogodna jesień
stretch of warm days in autumn

Indianapolis /ɪndiəˈnæpəlɪs/ pn
Indianapolis
capital of the State of Indiana, USA

Indo-European /ˌɪndəʊˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən/ adj
indoeuropejski
of or relating to languages originally spoken in Europe and Western Asia

Indo-European /ˌɪndəʊˌjʊəɹəˈpiːən/ n
Indoeuropejczyk
member of Proto-Indo-European ethnolinguistic group

Indo-European studies n
indoeuropeistyka
academic discipline

Indo-Europeanist n
indoeuropeista indoeuropeistka
person specialised in Indo-European studies

Indochina /ˌɪndoʊ̯ˈt͡ʃaɪ̯nə/ pn
Indochiny
part of Southeast Asia

Indonesia /ˌɪndə(ʊ)ˈniːʒə/ /ˌɪndəˈniʒə/ pn
Indonezja
country

Indonesian adj
indonezyjski
referring to Indonesia

Indonesian n
indonezyjski
language
Indonezyjczyk Indonezyjka
person

Induan pn
ind

Indus /ˈɪndəs/ pn
Indus
the river
Indianin
constellation

Ingushetia /ɪŋɡʊˈʃɛtiə/ pn
Inguszetia
federal subject of Russia

Inner Mongolia pn
Mongolia Wewnętrzna
autonomous region in northern China

Inquisition pn
inkwizycja
harsh or rigorous interrogation
tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church

Interlaken pn
Interlaken
town

Interlingua /ˈɪntə(ɹ)ˌlɪŋɡwə/ pn
interlingua
interlanguage based on Romance languages

International Court of Justice pn
Międzynarodowy Trybunał Sprawiedliwości
UN court

International Phonetic Alphabet /ˌɪntəˈnæʃ(ə)nəl fəˈnɛtɪk ˈælfəˌbɛt/ /ˌɪntɚˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)l fəˈnɛtɪk ˈælfəˌbɛt/ pn
międzynarodowy alfabet fonetyczny
standardized symbols for speech

International Telecommunication Union pn
Międzynarodowa Unia Telekomunikacyjna
United Nations agency

Internationale /ˌɪn.tɚˈnæˌʃən.əl/ /ˌɪn.tɚˌnæ.ʃənˈæl/ /ˌɪn.tɚˌnæ.ʃənˈɑl.eɪ/ pn
międzynarodowa
proletarian song

Internet /ˈɪntəˌnɛt/ /ˈɪntɚˌnɛt/ pn
Internet międzysieć
specific internet consisting of the global network of computers

Internet address n
adres internetowy
Any address used to identify a place or resource on the Internet

Internet cafe n
kawiarenka (internetowa)
place where one can use a computer with Internet

Interslavic /ˌɪntɚˈslɑːvɪk/ adj
międzysłowiański
between Slavs or Slavic nations

Interslavic /ˌɪntɚˈslɑːvɪk/ pn
międzysłowiański
auxiliary Slavic language

Inuktitut pn
eskimoski inuktitut
language

Ioannina /jɔˈɑninɑ/ pn
Janina
capital of Epirus

Iowa /ˈaɪəweɪ/ /ˈaɪəwə/ pn
Iowa
A state in Midwestern US

Iraklion pn
Heraklion
The capital city of Crete

Iran /ɪˈɹɑːn/ pn
Iran
country in Western Asia

Iranian /ɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ adj
irański
of, from, or pertaining to Iran, the people or Iranian languages

Iranian /ɪˈɹeɪni.ən/ n
Irańczyk Iranka
person from Iran or of Iranian descent

Iraq /ɪˈɹak/ /ɪˈɹæk/ /ɪˈɹɑːk/ pn
Irak
country

Iraqi adj
iracki
from or pertaining to Iraq

Iraqi n
Irakijczyk Irakijka
person from Iraq

Ireland /ˈaɪələnd/ /ˈaɪəɹlənd/ [ˈaɪɚlənd] [ˈäɪɚɫɪ̈nd] [ˈɑɪələnd] [ˈɑɪɚlənd ~ ˈʌɪɚlənd ~ ˈəɪɚlənd] pn
Irlandia
island
country

Irenaeus pn
Ireneusz
male given name

Irene /aɪˈɹiːn/ pn
Irena
female given name

Iriomote tit n
sikora oliwkowogrzbieta
Sittiparus olivaceus

Irish /ˈaɪəɹɪʃ/ /ˈaɪɹəʃ/ /ˈaɪɹɪʃ/ adj
irlandzki
pertaining to or originating from Ireland or the Irish people
pertaining to the language

Irish /ˈaɪəɹɪʃ/ /ˈaɪɹəʃ/ /ˈaɪɹɪʃ/ n
tryktrak irlandzki
board game
irlandzki iryjski
the language
Irlandczyk Irlandka
the people

Irish Sea pn
Morze Irlandzkie
a sea between the islands of Great Britain and Ireland

Irish setter /ˈaɪɹɪʃ ˈsɛt.ə/ n
seter irlandzki
a breed of gun dog

Irishman n
Irlandczyk
man from Ireland

Irishwoman n
Irlandka
woman from Ireland

Irkutsk /iɹˈkʊtsk/ pn
Irkuck
city in Siberia

Iron Age /ˈʌɪən eɪdʒ/ pn
epoka żelaza
archaeology
mythology

Iron Curtain pn
żelazna kurtyna
the dividing line between western Europe and the Soviet controlled regions

Iroquois /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɑː/ /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɔɪ/ n
Irokezi
Irokez
a person belonging to an Iroquois tribe

Iroquois /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɑː/ /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɔɪ/ pn
irokeski
any of the Iroquois languages

Irrawaddy /ˈɪɹəˌwɑdi/ pn
Irawadi
river that flows through Burma

Irtysh pn
Irtysz
river in Siberia

Isaac /ˈaɪzək/ pn
Izaak
male given name
son of Abraham and Sarah

Isabel /ˈɪzəbɛl/ pn
Izabela Izabella
female given name

Isaiah /aɪ.ˈzaɪ.ə/ /aɪ.ˈzeɪ.ə/ pn
Księga Izajasza Izajasz
book of the Bible
Izajasz Księga Izajasza
male given name
prophet

Isis /ˈaɪsəs/ pn
Izis Izyda
ancient Egyptian goddess of fertility

Islam /ɪsˈlɑːm/ pn
islam
religion

Islamic /ɪsˈlɑːmɪk/ adj
islamski
Adjectival form of Islam

Islamic Republic of Pakistan pn
Islamska Republika Pakistanu
Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Islamic State pn
Państwo Islamskie
jihadist group

Islamism /ˈɪzləmɪz(ə)m/ n
islamizm
Islamic fundamentalism

Islamization n
islamizacja
the conversion of a society to Islam

Islamophobia n
islamofobia
The fear or hatred of Islam or Muslims

Isle of Man /ˌaɪl ə(v) ˈmæn/ pn
Wyspa Man
island

Isle of Wight /ˌaɪl ə(v) ˈwaɪt/ pn
Wyspa Wight
island and county off the south coast of England

Israel /ˈɪzɹaɪɛl/ /ˈɪzɹeɪəl/ pn
Izrael
the state
Biblical: name given to Jacob
given name

Israeli /ɪzˈɹeɪli/ adj
izraelski
of, from, or pertaining to Israel, the Israeli people

Israeli /ɪzˈɹeɪli/ n
Izraelczyk Izraelka
person from Israel or of Israeli descent

Istanbul pn
Stambuł Istambuł
largest city of Turkey and last capital of Ottoman Empire

Istanbulite n
stambulczyk stambułka
person from Istanbul

Istro-Romanian pn
istrorumuński
language

Italian /ɪˈtæljən/ /ˌaɪˈtæljən/ adj
włoski
of or pertaining to Italy
of or pertaining to Italians
of or pertaining to the Italian language

Italian /ɪˈtæljən/ /ˌaɪˈtæljən/ n
Włoch Włoszka
inhabitant of Italy
włoski
language

Italian Peninsula pn
Półwysep Apeniński
peninsula

Italian Republic pn
Republika Włoska
official name of Italy

Italian honeysuckle n
wiciokrzew przewiercień
Lonicera caprifolium

Italianism n
italianizm

Italianization /ɪˌtæljənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ɪˌtæljənəˈzeɪʃən/ pn
italianizacja
process of forced assimilation into the Italian culture

Italianize /ɪˈtæljəˌnaɪz/ v
italizować
transitive

Italianness n
włoskość
quality of being Italian

Italophile n
italofil

Italophone adj
włoskojęzyczny
Italian-speaking

Italy /ˈɪtəli/ pn
Włochy Italia
European country

Ithaca /ˈɪθəkə/ pn
Itaka
island

Ivalo pn
Ivalo
village in Northern Finland

Ivan /ˈaɪ.vən/ pn
Iwan
male given name

Ivano-Frankivsk pn
Iwano-Frankiwsk Iwano-Frankowsk
city

Ivanovich pn
Iwanowicz
patronymic

Ivanovo pn
Iwanowo
city in Russia

Ivorian adj
iworyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Côte d'Ivoire

Ivorian n
Iworyjczyk Iworyjka
a person from Côte d'Ivoire or of Ivorian descent

Iwo Jima pn
Iwo Jima
an island in Japan

Ixion pn
Ixion
a Kuiper Belt object
king of Lapiths

Izhevsk pn
Iżewsk
capital of Udmurtia

J /d͡ʒeɪ/ n
W
playing card

Jabalpur pn
Dżabalpur Jabalpur
city in India

Jabberwock pn
Dziaberlak Dziaberliada Dziwolęki Dżabbersmok Dżabrokłap Żabrołak
fantastical monster

Jablunkov pn
Jabłonków
city in Czech Republic

Jack /dʒæk/ pn
Jacek Jaś
pet name of John

Jack the Ripper pn
Kuba Rozpruwacz
19th century murderer

Jacob /ˈd͡ʒeɪkəb/ pn
Jakub
male given name (the standard form)
one of the sons of Isaac and Rebecca

Jacqueline pn
Jakubina
female given name

Jaffa /ˈd͡ʒæfə/ /ˈd͡ʒɑfə/ pn
Jafa
Jaffa

Jaffa cake n
delicja
small, biscuit-like cake

Jaffna pn
Dżafna
city

Jainism /ˈdʒeɪnɪzm̩/ pn
Dżinizm
religion and philosophy

Jakarta pn
Dżakarta
capital of Indonesia

Jalalabad pn
Dżalalabad
a city in eastern Afghanistan

Jamahiriya n
dżamahirijja
state of the masses (Libya)

Jamaica /dʒəˈmeɪ.kə/ pn
Jamajka
country in the Caribbean

Jamaican /dʒəˈmeɪkən/ adj
jamajski
of, from, or pertaining to Jamaica, the Jamaican people or the Jamaican language

Jamaican /dʒəˈmeɪkən/ n
Jamajczyk
person of Jamaican descent

James /d͡ʒeɪmz/ pn
List Jakuba Jakub
book of the Bible
Jakub
one of two Apostles
male given name (the standard form)

Jammu and Kashmir pn
Dżammu i Kaszmir
portion of the territory which is governed by India

Jan Mayen pn
Jan Mayen
Norwegian territory

Jane /d͡ʒeɪn/ pn
Janina Joanna
feminine form of John

January /ˈd͡ʒæn.j(ʊ.)ə.ɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjuˌɛɹi/ /ˈd͡ʒænjʉˌeːɹi/ pn
styczeń
first month of the Gregorian calendar

Janus /ˈdʒeɪnəs/ pn
Janus
Roman god of doorways, gates and transitions

Japan /dʒəˈpæn/ pn
Japonia
a country in East Asia

Japanese /ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/ adj
japoński
of or relating to Japan

Japanese /ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/ n
japoński
Japanese language
Japończyk Japonka japoński
person of Japan

Japanese knotweed n
rdestowiec ostrokończysty
Fallopia japonica

Japanese macaque n
makak japoński
Macaca fuscata

Japaneseness n
japońskość
quality of being Japanese

Japanologist n
japonista japonistka
one who studies Japanology

Japanology n
japonistyka
the study of Japan

Jason /ˈdʒeɪsən/ pn
Jazon
leader of Argonauts

Java /ˈdʒɑːvə/ pn
Jawa
island of Indonesia
Java
programming language

Java sparrow n
ryżowiec siwy
Java sparrow

Javanese /dʒɑː.vəˈniːz/ n
Jawajczyk Jawajka
person

Javanese /dʒɑː.vəˈniːz/ pn
jawajski
language

Jeannette /dʒəˈnɛt/ pn
Żaneta
female given name

Jedi /ˈdʒɛd.aɪ/ n
Jedi
one of a fictional order of beings

Jehoshaphat pn
Jozafat
biblical name

Jehovah /dʒəˈhoʊvə/ pn
Jehowa
transliteration of the Masoretic vocalization of the Tetragrammaton

Jehovah's Witness n
świadek Jehowy jehowy
member of the Jehovah's Witnesses

Jehovah's Witnesses n
Świadkowie Jehowy
denomination

Jelgava pn
Jełgawa
city in Latvia

Jeremiah pn
Jeremiasz
biblical prophet
male given name
Jeremiasz Księga Jeremiasza
book of the Bible

Jericho pn
Jerycho
city

Jerome pn
Hieronim
male given name

Jerusalem /d͡ʒəˈɹuːsələm/ pn
Jerozolima
city

Jesus /heɪˈsuːs/ /ˈdʒiːzəs/ pn
Jezus
the Christian Messiah

Jesus Christ /ˌd͡ʒiːzəs ˈkɹaɪst/ pn
Jezus Chrystus
Jesus of Nazareth

Jew /dʒuː/ n
Żyd Żydówka
a person with a Jewish cultural or ancestral connection
żyd żydówka
person of the Jewish faith

Jew's harp n
drumla
musical instrument

Jew's-ear n
uszak bzowy
fungus Auricularia auricula-judae

Jewess n
Żydówka
female Jew

Jewish /ˈdʒuː.ɪʃ/ adj
żydowski
of or relating to a Jew or Jews, their ethnicity, religion or culture

Jewish Autonomous Oblast pn
Żydowski Obwód Autonomiczny
Jewish autonomous oblast in Russia

Jewry /ˈdʒuːɹi/ n
żydostwo
Jews in general, the Jewish population of a locale

Jezebel /ˈdʒɛzəˌbɛl/ pn
Izebel
Biblical character Jezebel

Jiangshanian n
Tremadok

Jicarilla pn
jicarilla
Jicarilla language

Joachim /ˈdʒoʊ.ə.kɪm/ /ˈdʒəʊ.ə.kɪm/ pn
Joachim
male given name

Joan of Arc pn
Joanna d’Arc

Joanna /ˌdʒoʊˈænə/ pn
Joanna
biblical follower of Jesus

Job /dʒəʊb/ /d͡ʒɒb/ pn
Hiob Job
biblical and qur'anic character
Hiob Księga Hioba Job
book of the Bible

Job's news n
hiobowa wieść
bad news (biblical, Job)

Joe Average n
Jan Kowalski
hypothetical average or generic individual

Joel /ˈdʒoʊəl/ /ˈdʒəʊəl/ pn
Księga Joela Joel
book of the Bible
Joel Księga Joela
male given name

John /dʒɑn/ /dʒɒn/ pn
Jan
biblical persons
Ewangelia (wg św.) Jana
fourth gospel
Jan Iwan
male given name - the standard or most popular form
List (św.) Jana
one of the epistles of John

John Doe n
Jan Kowalski Kowalski
any unknown or anonymous male person

John Doe pn
NN
male name used in legal documents

John Dory n
paszczak piotrosz
edible marine fish

John the Baptist pn
Jan Chrzciciel Jan Baptysta
biblical prophet

Johnny /ˈdʒɑni/ /ˈdʒɒni/ pn
Jaś
diminutive of John

Johnny-come-lately /ˌdʒɑːni.kʌmˈleɪtli/ /ˌdʒɒni.kʌmˈleɪtli/ n
nowicjusz nowicjuszka żółtodziób
newcomer

Johnson /ˈdʒɑnsən/ /ˈdʒɒnsən/ pn
Janowicz
surname meaning "son of John"

Jolly Roger /ˌdʒɑli ˈɹɑdʒɚ/ /ˌdʒɒli ˈɹɒdʒə/ n
bandera piratów
traditional flag used on pirate ships

Jonah /ˈdʒoʊnə/ /ˈdʒəʊnə/ pn
Księga Jonasza
Biblical: a book of the Old Testament
tenth sūra of the Qurʾān
Jonasz Księga Jonasza
given name
prophet

Jonathan /ˈdʒɑnəθən/ /ˈdʒɒnəθən/ pn
Jonatan
biblical character
male given name

Jordan /ˈdʒɔːdən/ /ˈdʒɔːɹdən/ pn
Jordania
country
Jordan
river

Jordanian /d͡ʒɔɹˈdeɪniən/ /d͡ʒɔːˈdeɪnɪən/ adj
jordański
of, from, or pertaining to Jordan or the Jordanian people

Jordanian /d͡ʒɔɹˈdeɪniən/ /d͡ʒɔːˈdeɪnɪən/ n
Jordańczyk Jordanka
person

Joseph /ˈd͡ʒoʊsəf/ /ˈd͡ʒəʊzəf/ pn
Józef
male given name
favorite son of Jacob
husband of Virgin Mary

Joshua /ˈd͡ʒɒʃuːə/ pn
Księga Jozuego
book of the Bible
Jozue Księga Jozuego
male given name

Joshua tree n
drzewo Jozuego
Yucca brevifolia

Joycean /ˈdʒɔɪsi.ən/ /ˈdʒɔɪsɪ.ən/ adj
joyce'owski
pertaining to James Joyce or his writings

Juba pn
Dżuba
capital of South Sudan

Juche /dʒuːˈtʃeɪ/ n
Dżucze Juche
North Korean self-reliance state ideology

Judah /ˈdʒuːdə/ pn
Juda
fourth son of Jacob
one of the Israelite tribes
male given name

Judaism /ˈdʒuːdeɪ.ɪzəm/ /ˈdʒuːˌdeɪ.ɪzəm/ pn
judaizm
world religion

Judas /ˈdʒuːdəs/ pn
List Judy
book of the Bible
Judasz List Judy
one of the Apostles

Judas tree n
judaszowiec południowy judaszowiec wschodni
Cercis siliquastrum

Judea /dʒuˈdiːə/ pn
Judea Juda
Judea

Judean adj
judzki
of or pertaining to Judea

Judges pn
Księga Sędziów
book of the Bible

Judith /ˈd͡ʒuːdəθ/ pn
Księga Judyty
book of the Bible
Judyta
female given name

Julia /ˈdʒuːli.ə/ pn
Julia
female given name

Julian /dʒuː.liˈæn/ /ˈdʒuː.li.ən/ adj
juliański
of, or relating to Julius Caesar

Juliet /ˈdʒuːlɪɛt/ /ˌdʒuliˈɛt/ pn
Julia
character in Romeo and Juliet

Julius pn
Juliusz Julek
male given name

July /d͡ʒʊˈlaɪ/ pn
lipiec
seventh month of the Gregorian calendar

June /d͡ʒuːn/ pn
czerwiec
sixth month of the Gregorian calendar

Juno /ˈdʒunoʊ/ pn
Junona
Roman goddess

Jupiter /ˈdʒupɪtɚ/ pn
Jowisz Jupiter
planet
god

Jurassic adj
jurajski
of period from 200 to 145 million years ago

Jurassic pn
jura
Jurassic period

Justice of the Peace n
sędzia pokoju sędzina pokoju
judicial officer

Justin pn
Justyn
male given name

Justine pn
Justyna
female given name

Jutland /ˈd͡ʒʌt.lənd/ pn
Jutlandia
peninsula

Jūrmala pn
Jurmała
city in Latvia

K /keɪ/ n
K
playing card

Kaaba /ˈkɑːəbə/ pn
Kaaba
cubical stone building in Mecca

Kabardian pn
kabardyjski
language spoken in Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia

Kabardino-Balkariya pn
Kabardo-Bałkaria
Kabardino-Balkariya, Russia

Kabballah pn
kabała
body of teachings

Kabul /ˈkɑːbəl/ pn
Kabul
capital of Afghanistan

Kabyle n
Kabyl Kabylka
person

Kabyle pn
kabylski
language

Kafkaesque /ˌkæfkəˈɛsk/ /ˌkɑfkəˈɛsk/ adj
kafkowski
marked by menacing complexity

Kaiser roll n
kajzerka
star-emblazoned round bread roll

Kalash n
Kalasze
Kalash (people)

Kalashnikov /kəˈlæʃ.nɪˌkɒf/ /kəˈlæʃnəˌkɑf/ pn
AK kałach kałasznikow
model of Russian assault rifle

Kali /ˈkæli/ /ˈkɑːli/ pn
Kali
goddess

Kaliningrad /kəˈlɪnɪnɡɹæd/ pn
Kaliningrad
Kaliningrad

Kalmyk adj
kałmucki
of, or pertaining to, Kalmykia

Kalmyk n
Kałmuczka Kałmuk
person

Kalmyk pn
(język) kałmucki
language

Kalmykia pn
Kałmucja
Kalmykia, Russia

Kamchadal pn
Kamczadał
a member of the ethnic group who are the original inhabitants of the Kamchatka peninsula in Russia

Kamchatka pn
Kamczatka
peninsula in the Russian Far East

Kampuchea pn
Kampucza
former name for Cambodia

Kangchenjunga /ˌkʌŋt͡ʃənˈd͡ʒʌŋɡə/ pn
Kanczendzonga
Himalayan mountain

Kannada /ˈkɑːnədə/ n
kannada
language

Kansas City /ˌkænzəˈsɪti/ [kæ̃ˈsɪɾi] pn
Kansas City
a large city straddling the border between Kansas and Missouri, USA

Kaohsiung /ˈkaʊ ˈʃjʊŋ/ pn
Kaohsiung
a large city in Taiwan

Karachay-Cherkessia pn
Karaczajo-Czerkiesja
Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia

Karachi pn
Karaczi
the capital of the province of Sindh, Pakistan

Karelia /kəˈɹiːlɪə/ pn
Karelia Republika Karelii
autonomous republic of Russia
Karelia
region in Russia and Finland

Karelian pn
karelski
the language

Karlovac pn
Karlovac
city and municipality

Karnataka /kəɹˈnɑːtəkə/ pn
Karnataka
state in southern India

Kartvelian studies n
Kartwelistyka kartwelologia
a field of humanities covering Kartvelian history, languages, religion and/or culture

Kashmir /ˈkæʃ.miɹ/ pn
Kaszmir
region

Kashub n
Kaszubi

Kashubian /kəˈʃuːbɪən/ adj
kaszubski
of the Kashubian people and their language

Kashubian /kəˈʃuːbɪən/ pn
kaszubski
Slavic language spoken in the Pomeranian region of Poland

Kasimovian pn
kasimow
subdivision of the Carboniferous period

Katharevousa /ˌkaθəˈɹɛvuːsə/ /ˌkɑθəˈɹɛvusɑ/ pn
katharewusa
purist variant of Modern Greek

Kathmandu /ˌkatmanˈduː/ pn
Katmandu
Kathmandu

Katian pn
Kat
subdivision of the Ordovician period

Katowice pn
Katowice
city in Poland

Katyusha n
katiusza
rocket launcher

Kaunas pn
Kowno
city

Kavala pn
Kawala
city

Kazakh /ˈkæzæk/ adj
kazachski
pertaining to the Kazakh people or the Kazakh language

Kazakh /ˈkæzæk/ n
Kazach Kazaszka
a person of Kazakh descent
kazachski
language

Kazakhstan /ˈkæzəkstæn/ /ˈkɑzəkˌstæn/ pn
Kazachstan
country in Central Asia

Kazakhstani n
kazachstański
person from Kazakhstan

Kemerovo pn
Kemerowo
city in Siberia

Kent /kɛnt/ pn
Kent
the English maritime county

Kentish plover n
sieweczka morska
Charadrius alexandrinus

Kenya /ˈkɛnjə/ [ˈkɛɲa] pn
Kenia
country in Eastern Africa

Kerch pn
Kercz
city

Khabarovsk /ˈkɑbəɹɑfsk/ /ˈkɑːbəɹɒfsk/ pn
Chabarowsk
city in Russia

Khakassia pn
Chakasja
a republic of Russia in the central south of the country

Khanty-Mansiysk pn
Chanty-Mansyjsk
city in Russia

Kharkiv pn
Charków
city

Khartoum /kɑː(ɹ)ˈtuːm/ pn
Chartum
capital of Sudan

Kherson pn
Chersoń
city in Ukraine

Khinalug pn
chinalugijski
language

Khmelnytskyi pn
Chmielnicki
city

Khmer /kəˈmɛə(ɹ)/ [kʰəˈmɛɹ] adj
khmerski
of or pertaining to Khmer people or their language

Khmer /kəˈmɛə(ɹ)/ [kʰəˈmɛɹ] n
khmerski
language

Khrushchev /ˈkrʊʃ.t͡ʃɒf/ pn
Chruszczow
surname

Khujand pn
Chodżent
city in Tajikistan

Kiel pn
Kilonia
city in Holstein, Germany

Kielce pn
Kielce
city

Kierkegaardian /ˌkɪəkəˈɡɑːdɪ.ən/ /ˌkɪɹkəˈɡɑɹdi.ən/ adj
kierkegaardowski
of or pertaining to Søren Kierkegaard or his philosophy

Kiev /ˈkiːɛv/ pn
Kijów
Ukrainian city

Kievan /ˈkiːɛfən/ adj
kijowski
of or associated with the city of Kiev

Kievan Rus pn
Ruś Kijowska
medieval principality

Kihnu pn
Kihnu
island

Killing Fields pn
pola śmierci
sites in Cambodia where mass slaughter was carried out

Kimmeridgian pn
kimeryd
subdivision of the Jurassic period

King Arthur pn
Król Artur
legendary king of Britain

King Kong pn
King Kong
a fictional giant ape

Kingdom Hall n
sala królestwa
place where Jehovah's Witnesses meet

Kingdom of Belgium pn
Królestwo Belgii
official name of Belgium

Kingdom of Denmark pn
Królestwo Danii
official name of Denmark

Kingdom of England pn
Królestwo Anglii
Kingdom of England

Kingdom of Great Britain pn
Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii

Kingdom of Norway pn
Królestwo Norwegii
official name of Norway

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia pn
Królestwo Arabii Saudyjskiej
official name of Saudi Arabia

Kingdom of Scotland pn
Królestwo Szkocji
Kingdom of Scotland

Kingdom of Spain pn
Królestwo Hiszpanii
official name of Spain

Kingdom of Sweden pn
Królestwo Szwecji
official name of Sweden

Kingdom of the Netherlands pn
Królestwo Niderlandów
monarchy consisting of the Netherlands and the Caribbean independent constituent countries

Kings pn
Księga Królewska Księga Królów
book of the Bible

Kiribati /ˈkiː.ɹɨ.bæs/ pn
Kiribati
Republic of Kiribati

Kirov pn
Kirow
Russian surname
city in Russia

Kirovohrad pn
Kirowograd Kirowohrad
city

Kirundi /kɪˈruːndi/ pn
kirundi rundi urundi
language

Klaipėda pn
Kłajpeda
city in Lithuania

Kletsk pn
Kleck
A city in Belarus

Klingon /ˈklɪŋɑn/ /ˈklɪŋɒn/ pn
klingoński
the language

Knesset /ˈknɛsɛt/ pn
Kneset
the Israeli parliament

Knossos pn
Knossos
an archaeological site

Kodiak bear n
niedźwiedź kodiacki
large species of brown bear

Kolyma /kəlɨˈma/ pn
Kołyma
area
river

Komi n
Komi

Komi pn
język komi komi
language
Komi
republic

Komodo dragon n
waran z Komodo
large monitor lizard

Komondor n
komondor
breed of dog

Komotini pn
Komotini
city

Komsomol pn
komsomoł
Young Communist League in the USSR

Komsomolsk pn
Komsomolsk
Komsomolsk, towns and rural localities in Russia and Ukraine
Komsomolsk nad Amurem
Komsomolsk-na-Amure, Russia

Konstanz pn
Konstancja
city

Konya /ˈkoʊnjə/ pn
Ikonium Konya
city

Korea /kəˈɹi.ə/ /kəˈɹiːə/ pn
Korea
ancient country or both Koreas as a whole

Korean /kəˈɹɪən/ adj
koreański
relating to the Korean Peninsula

Korean /kəˈɹɪən/ n
koreański
language
Koreanka Koreańczyk
person

Kos pn
Kos
island

Koschei pn
Kościej Kościej Nieśmiertelny
Koschei the Immortal

Kosovan adj
kosowski
related to Kosovo

Kosovan n
Kosowianin Kosowianka
person from Kosovo

Kosovo /ˈkɒsəvə/ /ˈkɔsəˌvoʊ/ pn
Kosowo
disputed region in the Balkans

Kotor pn
Kotor
in Montenegro

Kovac's reagent n
odczynnik Kovacsa

Košice pn
Koszyce
city

Krasnodar pn
Krasnodar
a city in Russia

Krasnoyarsk pn
Krasnojarsk
city

Kremlin /ˈkɹemlɪn/ pn
Kreml
the Moscow Kremlin

Krnov pn
Krnów
Upper Silesian town on the Opava in the Czech Republic

Kryvyi Rih pn
Krzywy Róg
city

Ku Klux Klan /ˌkuː klʌks ˈklæn/ pn
Ku Klux Klan
Ku Klux Klan

Kuban /kuːˈbɑːn/ pn
Kubań
the Kuban river

Kufic adj
kufickie
Relating to original Arabic script

Kufic pn
kufickie
Original Arabic script

Kuiper belt /ˈkaɪ.pə(ɹ).bɛlt/ /ˈkaɪ.pɚ.bɛlt/ /ˈkʌɪpə bɛlt/ pn
Pas Kuipera
region of space in the Solar System

Kumiko pn
Kumiko
Japanese female given name

Kungurian pn
kungur
subdivision of the Permian period

Kurdish adj
kurdyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Kurdistan, the Kurdish people or the Kurdish language

Kurdish n
kurdyjski
language of Kurdistan

Kuril Islands pn
Kuryle Wyspy Kurylskie
group of islands

Kursk pn
Kursk
city in Russia

Kutenai /ˈkuːtəneɪ/ n
kutenajowie
an indigenous people of North America

Kuwait /kjuːˈweɪt/ /kuːˈweɪt/ /kʊˈweɪt/ pn
Kuwejt
country in the Middle East

Kuwaiti adj
kuwejcki
of, from, or pertaining to Kuwait or the Kuwaiti people

Kuwaiti n
Kuwejtczyk Kuwejtka
A person from Kuwait or of Kuwaiti descent

Kyoto /ˈkjoʊtoʊ/ pn
Kioto
Kyōto, Japan

Kyrgyz /ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪɹɡɪz/ adj
kirgiski
of, from, or pertaining to Kyrgyzstan, the Kyrgyz people or the Kyrgyz language

Kyrgyz /ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪɹɡɪz/ n
Kirgiz Kirgizka
member of a Turkic people

Kyrgyz /ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/ /ˈkɪɹɡɪz/ pn
kirgiski
language

Kyrgyzstan /ˈkɪəɹ.ɡɪˌstɑːn/ /ˌkɪəɹ.ɡɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Kirgistan
country in Central Asia

Kyrgyzstani n
Kirgiz Kirgizka
person from Kyrgyzstan

Kyusakamoto pn
Kyusakamoto
asteroid

Kyzyl pn
Kyzył
city in Russia

Königsberg /ˈkɜnɪɡzˌbɝɡ/ /ˈkɜːnɪɡzˌbɜːɡ/ pn
Królewiec
the former capital of East Prussia

L'Aquila pn
L'Aquila
province

LGBT n
LGBT lesbijki, geje, osoby biseksualne i transgenderyczne
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender/Transexual

LLC n
sp. z o.o.
Limited Liability Company

LOL /ɛl.oʊˈɛl/ /ɛl.əuˈɛl/ interjection
lol
expression of laughter

LaVeyan Satanism pn
satanizm laveyański
the religion of the Church of Satan

Lacedaemonian n
Lacedemonka Lacedemończyk
inhabitant of Lacedaemonia

Lacerta pn
Jaszczurka
a constellation

Lada pn
Łada
a Russian car

Ladin /ləˈdiːn/ pn
ladyński
the Romance language

Ladinian pn
ladyn
subdivision of the Triassic period

Ladislaus pn
Władysław
male given name

Ladoga pn
Ładoga
a lake in Russia

Lady n
Pani
aristocratic title for a woman

Lagrangian function n
lagranżjan
ifunction

Laius /ˈlaɪ.əs/ pn
Lajos
father of Oedipus and husband of Jocasta

Lake Constance pn
Jezioro Bodeńskie
Lake

Lake Superior pn
Jezioro Górne
the lake

Lalibela pn
Lalibela
town in Ethiopia

Lamb of God pn
Baranek Boży
Jesus, symbolized as a sacrifice

Lamentations pn
Lamentacje Treny Jeremiasza Lamentacje Jeremiasza
book of the Bible

Land of the Rising Sun pn
Kraj Wschodzącego Słońca
Japan

Langhian pn
lang
subdivision of the Miocene epoch

Languedoc pn
Langwedocja
French province

Lao /laʊ/ adj
laotański
of, from, or pertaining to Laos, the people or their language

Lao /laʊ/ n
laotański
language
Laotanka Laotańczyk
person

Laocoön /leɪˈɒkoʊˌɒn/ /leɪˈɒkɵ.ɒn/ pn
Laokoon
Trojan or Argonaut

Laos /laʊz/ /ˈlaʊ(s)/ pn
Laos
country in Southeast Asia

Laotian /leɪˈoʊʃən/ adj
laotański
of, from, or pertaining to Laos

Laotian /leɪˈoʊʃən/ pn
laotański
language

Laplace operator n
laplasjan
mathematics, physics: differential operator used in modeling of wave propagation, heat flow and many other applications

Lapland pn
Laponia
region in Scandinavia

Las Vegas /lɑs ˈveɪɡəs/ pn
Las Vegas
city

Last Judgment pn
Dzień Sądu Sąd Ostateczny Sądny Dzień
judgment day

Last Supper pn
Ostatnia Wieczerza
last meal Jesus ate with disciples

Lateran pn
Lateran
church and palace in Rome

Latgale pn
Łatgalia
region of Latvia

Latin /ˈlæt.n̩/ /ˈlæt.ɪn/ adj
rzymski łaciński
of ancient Rome
łaciński język łaciński
of the language
łaciński rzymski
of the script
latynoski
of/from Latin America

Latin /ˈlæt.n̩/ /ˈlæt.ɪn/ pn
łacina język łaciński
language of the ancient Romans

Latin America pn
Ameryka Łacińska
parts of the Americas which speak Spanish or Portuguese

Latin American adj
latynoamerykański
Of or relating to Latin America

Latin American n
latynoamerykanin latynoamerykanka
A native or inhabitant of Latin America

Latin Church pn
Kościół łaciński
one of the particular churches

Latin alphabet n
alfabet łaciński łacinka
the 26-letter alphabet

Latinization /ˈlætɪn.aɪˌzeɪ.ʃʌn/ n
latynizacja
act or process of Latinizing

Latino /ləˈtinoʊ/ n
Latynos Latynoska
person from Latin America

Latvia /ˈlæt.vi.ə/ pn
Łotwa
country

Latvian /ˈlætvi.ən/ adj
łotewski
pertaining to Latvia or the Latvian language

Latvian /ˈlætvi.ən/ n
łotewski
Baltic language of Latvia
Łotysz Łotyszka
person pertaining to Latvia

Latvian SSR pn
Łotewska SRR
Soviet republic

Lauenburg pn
Lębork
city in Pomerania

Laurence pn
Wawrzyniec Laurencjusz Laurenty
male given name

Lazarus /ˈlæzəɹəs/ pn
Łazarz
New Testament characters

Lazio pn
Lacjum
Italian region

Le Chatelier's principle pn
reguła przekory
chemical principle

LePenism n
lepenizm
support of Jean-Marie Le Pen

League of Nations pn
Liga Narodów
international organization

Leaning Tower of Pisa pn
Krzywa Wieża w Pizie
the leaning bell tower in the Italian town of Pisa

Lebanese /lɛ.bəˈniːz/ adj
libański
of, from, or pertaining to Lebanon, its people or language

Lebanese /lɛ.bəˈniːz/ n
Libańczyk Libanka
A person from Lebanon

Lebanon /ˈlɛbənɑn/ /ˈlɛbənən/ pn
Liban
Lebanese Republic
mountain range

Lecce pn
Lecce
city
province

Lecco pn
Lecco
province
town

Lechitic adj
lechicki
related to the Polish language group

Leiden /ˈlaɪdən/ /ˈleɪdən/ pn
Lejda
city in South Holland

Leipzig /ˈlaɪpsɪɡ/ pn
Lipsk
City in Saxony, Germany

Leitha pn
Litawa
river in Austria

Lena pn
Lena
Lena River
female given name

Lenin pn
Lenin
a Russian revolutionary and politician

Leningrad /ˈlɛnɪnˌɡræd/ pn
Obwód leningradzki
Leningrad oblast
Leningrad
name of Saint Petersburg, 1924-1991

Leninism n
leninizm
the political philosophy named after Vladimir Lenin

Leninist /ˈlɛnɪnɪst/ adj
leninowski
of or relating to Lenin

Lent /lɛnt/ n
Wielki Post
Christian period of penitence before Easter

Lenten /ˈlɛntən/ adj
wielkopostny
pertaining to Lent

Leo /ˈliːoʊ/ /ˈliːəʊ/ pn
Lew
constellation
astrological sign
Lew Leon
male given name

Leo Minor pn
Mały Lew
spring constellation of the northern sky

Leonard /ˈlɛnɚd/ pn
Leonard
male given name

Leonardeschi /ˌli.ənɑɹˈdɛski/ /ˌlɪ.ənɑːˈdɛskɪ/ n
leonardianie
group of artists who worked in the studio of, or under the influence of, Leonardo da Vinci

Lepus pn
Zając
winter constellation of the northern sky

Lesbos /ˈlɛz.bɒs/ pn
Lesbos
island

Lesothan adj
lesotyjski sotyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Lesotho

Lesothan n
Lesotyjczyk Lesotyjka Sotyjczyk Sotyjka
person

Lesotho /ləˈsuːtuː/ pn
Lesotho Lesoto
country in Southern Africa

Lesser Poland Voivodeship pn
województwo małopolskie
Lesser Poland Voivodeship

Levant /ləˈvɑnt/ /ˈlɛv.ənt/ pn
Lewant
the countries bordering the eastern Mediterranean Sea

Levi /ˈliːvaɪ/ pn
Lewi
third son of Jacob
male given name
one of the Israelite tribes

Levite /ˈliː.vaɪt/ n
lewita
member of the Hebrew tribe of Levi

Leviticus /ləˈvɪtɪkəs/ pn
Księga Kapłańska
the book of the Bible and Torah

Leyden jar /ˈlaɪdən ˌdʒɑɹ/ n
butelka lejdejska
glass jar used to accumulate static electricity

Liberec pn
Liberec
city in the Czech Republic

Liberia /laɪˈbɪəɹi.ə/ /laɪˈbɪɹi.ə/ pn
Liberia
country in Western Africa

Liberian adj
liberyjski
pertaining to Liberia

Liberian n
Liberyjczyk Liberyjka
A person from Liberia

Libra /ˈliːbɹə/ pn
Waga
constellation
astrological sign

Libya /ˈlɪbi.ə/ pn
Libia
country in Northern Africa

Libyan /ˈlɪbi.ən/ adj
libijski
Of, from, or pertaining to Libya, the Libyan people or the Libyan language

Libyan /ˈlɪbi.ən/ n
Libijczyk Libijka
person

Liechtenstein /ˈlɪk.tən.staɪn/ pn
Liechtenstein
Principality of Liechtenstein

Liechtensteiner n
Liechtensteińczyk
A person from Liechtenstein or of Liechtenstein descent

Liepāja pn
Lipawa
city in Latvia

Liguria /lɪˈɡjʊəɹiə/ /lɪˈɡjʊɹiə/ pn
Liguria
region

Lille /lil/ /liːl/ pn
Lille
city in France

Lilongwe /ləˈlɑŋwi/ /lɪˈlɒŋw(e)ɪ/ pn
Lilongwe
capital of Malawi

Lima /ˈlaɪmə/ /ˈliːmə/ pn
Lima
the capital city of Peru

Limburg /lɪmbɜːrɡ/ /lɪmbɜːɡ/ /lɪmbɝːɡ/ pn
Limburgia
province of the Netherlands or Belgium

Limburgish pn
limburski
the Germanic language

Linus /ˈlaɪnəs/ pn
Linus
male given name

Linux /ˈlɪnəks/ pn
Linux
operating system

Lipetsk pn
Lipieck
city in Russia

Lisbon /ˈlɪzbən/ pn
Lizbona
capital of Portugal

Lisboner adj
lizboński
from Lisbon

Lisboner n
lizbonka lizbończyk
someone from Lisbon

Lithuania /ˌlɪθ.(j)uˈeɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Litwa
country

Lithuania Minor pn
Litwa Mniejsza Litwa Pruska
Lithuania Minor

Lithuanian /ˌlɪθʊˈeɪni.ən/ adj
litewski
referring to Lithuania

Lithuanian /ˌlɪθʊˈeɪni.ən/ n
litewski
language
Litwin Litwinka
person from Lithuania

Lithuanization n
lituanizacja
assimilation into Lithuanian culture; making something Lithuanian

Little Dipper pn
Mały Wóz
bright circumpolar asterism

Little Red Riding Hood /ˈlɪtl̩ ɹɛd ɹaɪ.dɪŋ hʊd/ pn
Czerwony Kapturek
a folktale
the main character in this story

Little Russia pn
Małorosja Małoruś
a historical area

Liturgy of the Hours n
liturgia godzin
liturgy for daily use at each of the canonical hours

Liverpudlian adj
liverpoolski
of or relating to Liverpool in the United Kingdom

Liverpudlian n
liverpoolczyk liverpoolka
a native or resident of Liverpool in the United Kingdom
someone connected with Liverpool FC

Livonia pn
Liwonia
historical region

Livonian adj
liwski liwijski
pertaining to Livonia or Livonians

Livonian n
Liw Liwijka
person

Livonian pn
liwski liwijski
language

Liège pn
Liège
province in Belgium

Ljubljana /ˌl(j)ʊbliˈɑːnə/ pn
Lublana
Capital city of Slovenia

Ljubljanan adj
lublański
of, from or pertaining to Ljubljana

Ljubljanan n
lublanka lublańczyk
someone from Ljubljana

Local Supercluster /ˌloʊkl̩ ˈsupɚˌklʌstɚ/ pn
Supergromada Lokalna
Supercluster that includes the Milky Way

Lochkovian pn
Lochkow

Lodz /lɒdz/ pn
Łódź
city in Poland

Loire pn
Loara
river

Lojban /ˈloʒban/ pn
lojban Lożban
artificial logical language based on Loglan

Lom n
Lomowie
ethnic group

Lombardy /ˈlɑːmbəɹdi/ /ˈlɒmbədi/ pn
Lombardia
region in northern Italy

London /ˈlʌn.dən/ pn
London Londyn
in Canada
Londyn
in the United Kingdom
londyński
of, from or pertaining to London in the UK

London Underground pn
metro w Londynie
the London underground

Londoner /ˈlʌn.dən.ə(ɹ)/ n
londyńczyk londynka
person from or inhabitant of London

Londonish adj
londyński
of or from London

Longyearbyen pn
Longyearbyen
settlement

Lopingian pn
loping
Lopingian epoch

Lord /lɔɹd/ /lɔːd/ pn
Pan
God

Lord's Prayer pn
Ojcze nasz Modlitwa Pańska
the prayer taught by Jesus Christ to his disciples

Lorraine /ləˈɹeɪn/ pn
Lotaryngia
region west of Alsace

Louis /ˈlu.ɪs/ /ˈluː.i/ pn
Ludwik
male given name

Louise /luːˈiːz/ pn
Luiza
feminine form of Louis

Louisiana /luːˌiːziˈænə/ /ˌluːziˈænə/ pn
Luizjana
US state

Lourdes pn
Lourdes
a town in the Pyrenees

Louvain pn
Lowanium
Belgian city

Louvre /luvʁ/ pn
Luwr
an art museum in France

Low German n
dolnoniemiecki
West Germanic language

Low Saxon pn
dolnosaksoński
language or language group

Lower Canada /ˈloʊɚ ˈkænədə/ pn
Dolna Kanada
Former colony

Lower Saxony pn
Dolna Saksonia
state

Lower Silesian n
dolnośląski
language

Lower Sorbian pn
dolnołużycki
a Slavic language spoken in part of Brandenburg

Lublin pn
Lublin
city in Poland

Lucca pn
Lukka
city
province

Lucerne pn
Lucerna
city

Lucian /ˈluː.sɪən/ pn
Lucjan
male given name
Lukian Lukianusz
sophist of Syrian origin

Lucifer /ˈluːsɪfə/ pn
Lucyfer
figure mentioned in Isaiah 14:12

Lucius /ˈluːsɪəs/ pn
Lucjusz Łucjusz
male given name

Lucy /ˈluːsi/ pn
Łucja
female given name

Ludfordian pn
Ludford

Ludo n
chińczyk
board game

Luhansk pn
Ługańsk
city

Luhansk People's Republic pn
Ługańska Republika Ludowa
secessionist state in Luhanshchyna, the Ukraine

Lukashenko pn
Łukaszenka Łukaszenko
surname

Luke /luk/ pn
Ewangelia Łukasza Łukasz
evangelist
gospel of Luke
Łukasz
given name
Łuke
village in North Macedonia

Lupus /ˈluːpəs/ pn
Wilk
summer constellation of the northern sky

Lusatia /luˈseɪʃə/ pn
Łużyce
region

Lusatian /luːˈseɪʃən/ adj
łużycki
of or pertaining to Lusatia or the Lusatians

Lusatian Neisse pn
Nysa Łużycka
river

Lusitania /luːsɪˈteɪnɪə/ pn
Luzytania
ancient Roman province

Lusitanian adj
luzytański
of or pertaining to ancient Roman province of Lusitania

Lutetian pn
Lutet

Lutheran /ˈluːθəɹ(ə)n/ /ˈluθəɹən/ adj
luterański
pertaining to the theology of Martin Luther or his followers, or the Lutheran church

Lutheran /ˈluːθəɹ(ə)n/ /ˈluθəɹən/ n
luteranin luteranka
member of any Christian church identifying with the theology of Martin Luther

Lutheranism n
luteranizm
branch of Christianity developed by Martin Luther

Lutsk pn
Łuck
city

Luwian /ˈluːi.ən/ pn
luwijski
language

Luxembourg /ˈlʌk.səm.bɜːɡ/ /ˈlʌk.səm.bɝɡ/ pn
Luksemburg Luksemburgia
country

Luxembourger n
Luksemburczyk Luksemburka
person from Luxembourg

Luxembourgish /ˈlʌksəmˌbəːɡɪʃ/ adj
luksemburski
of, from, or pertaining to Luxembourg or its people

Luzon /ˈluˌzɔn/ pn
Luzon
largest island of the Philippines

Lviv pn
Lwów
Lviv

Lycia /ˈlɪʃi.ə/ pn
Licja
ancient region

Lycian /ˈlɪsi.ən/ /ˈlɪsɪən/ adj
licyjski
relating to Lycia

Lycian /ˈlɪsi.ən/ /ˈlɪsɪən/ n
Licyjczyk Licyjka
native of Lycia

Lycian /ˈlɪsi.ən/ /ˈlɪsɪən/ pn
licyjski
language

Lydia /ˈlɪ.di.ə/ pn
Lidia
biblical woman
historical region
Lidia Lidka
female given name

Lydian /ˈlɪdi.ən/ /ˈlɪdɪən/ adj
lidyjski
pertaining to Lydia

Lydian /ˈlɪdi.ən/ /ˈlɪdɪən/ n
Lidyjczyk Lidyjka
native or inhabitant of Lydia

Lydian /ˈlɪdi.ən/ /ˈlɪdɪən/ pn
lidyjski
language

Lynx /lɪŋks/ pn
Ryś
constellation

Lyons pn
Lyon
a city in France

Lyra /ˈlaɪ.ɹə/ pn
Lutnia
constellation

Lyubavichi pn
Lubawicze
village in the Rudnyansky District of the Smolensk Oblast of Russia

Löwchen n
lwi piesek
Löwchen

Lübeck pn
Lubeka
city

MEP n
eurodeputowana eurodeputowany europarlamentarzysta europarlamentarzystka europoseł europosłanka
Member of the European Parliament

MILF /mɪlf/ n
MILF
woman

MP3 pn
MP3
MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3

MP3 player n
empetrójka odtwarzacz MP3
electronic device for playing digital audio files in the MP3 format

MP4 n
MP4
short for MPEG-4 Part 14

Maastricht /ˈmɑːstrɪxt/ pn
Maastricht
capital of the province of Limburg in The Netherlands

MacBook n
MacBook
device

Macau /məˈkaʊ/ pn
Makau Macao
a city just west of Hong Kong

Maccabee /ˈmæk.kəˌbi/ n
Machabeusz
Maccabee

Macedonia /ˌmæs.əˈdoʊ.ni.ə/ /ˌmæs.əˈdəʊ.ni.ə/ pn
Macedonia
Republic of North Macedonia
ancient kingdom
region of northern Greece

Macedonian /mæsəˈdəʊnɪən/ adj
macedoński
of Macedonia or its people or language

Macedonian /mæsəˈdəʊnɪən/ n
macedoński
Slavic language of Macedonia
Macedończyk Macedonka
person from Macedonia

Macerata pn
Macerata
province
town

Machiavellianism n
makiawelizm
philosophy
ruthless, duplicitous behavior

Machmeter n
machometr
an instrument that measures the speed of an aircraft relative to that of sound and displays it in Mach numbers

Macintosh n
Macintosh
Apple Macintosh

Madagascar /madəˈɡaskə/ /mædəˈɡæskɑɹ/ pn
Madagaskar
country in Southern Africa

Madeira /məˈdɪəɹ.ə/ pn
Madera
island and autonomous region

Madras /məˈdɹæs/ pn
Madras
city

Madrid /məˈd(ʒ)ɹɪd/ /məˈdɹɪd/ pn
Madryt
capital of Spain

Madrilenian adj
madrycki
of Madrid

Maggie /mæɡi/ pn
Gosia Marzena Małgosia
female given name

Maghrebi adj
maghrebski
of or relating to the Maghreb

Magna Carta /ˌmæɡnə ˈkɑːtə/ /ˌmæɡnə ˈkɑːɹtə/ pn
Magna Charta Libertatum
charter granted by King John to the barons at Runnymede in 1215

Magna Graecia pn
Wielka Grecja
Ancient Greek colonies in Italy and Sicily

Maiden's Tower pn
Wieża Leandra Wieża Panny
a tower located in the Bosphorus

Main pn
Men
river in southern Germany

Mainz /maɪn(t)s/ /maɪnts/ pn
Moguncja
the state capital of Rhineland-Palatinate

Majorca /məˈjɔɹ.kə/ /məˈjɔː.kə/ pn
Majorka
island

Makassar pn
Makasar
city in Indonesia

Makhachkala pn
Machaczkała
capital of Dagestan, Russia

Malachi /ˈmæləkaɪ/ pn
Malachiasz Księga Malachiasza
book of the Bible
minor prophet
Malachiasz
male given name

Malawi /məˈlɑːwi/ pn
Malawi
Republic of Malawi

Malawian adj
malawijski
Of, from, or pertaining to Malawi or the Malawian people

Malawian n
Malawijczyk Malawijka
A person from Malawi or of Malawian descent

Malay /məˈleɪ/ /ˈmeɪleɪ/ adj
malajski
of the Malay people
in, of or otherwise pertaining to the Malay language
of or pertaining to Malaysia

Malay /məˈleɪ/ /ˈmeɪleɪ/ n
Malaj Malajka
Malay person
malajski
the Malay language

Malay Archipelago pn
Archipelag Malajski
archipelago

Malayalam /maləˈjɑːləm/ /ˌmɑː.ləˈjɑː.ləm/ n
malajalam
language

Malaysia /məˈleɪʒə/ pn
Malezja
country in Southeast Asia

Malaysian /məˈleɪ.zi.ən/ adj
malezyjski
Pertaining to Malaysia

Malaysian /məˈleɪ.zi.ən/ n
Malezyjczyk Malezyjka
a native of Malaysia

Maldives /ˈmɑl.daɪvz/ /ˈmɒl.diːvs/ /ˈmɔl.daɪvz/ pn
Malediwy
country in South Asia

Mali /ˈmɑːli/ pn
Mali
a country in Western Africa

Malian adj
malijski
Of, from, or pertaining to Mali or the Malian people

Malian n
Malijczyk Malijka
A person from Mali or of Malian descent

Malmö /ˈmɑlmʊ/ /ˈmɑːlmɜː/ pn
Malmö
city in Sweden

Malta /ˈmɑl.tə/ /ˈmɔːl.tə/ pn
Malta
republic
island

Maltese /mɑlˈtiz/ /mɒlˈtiːz/ n
maltański Maltańczyk
inhabitant of Malta
(język) maltański maltański
language of Malta

Mamoudzou pn
Mamoudzou
capital of Mayotte

Man pn
człowiek
genus Homo

Manchester /ˈmantʃɪstə/ /ˈmæntʃɛstɚ/ pn
Manchester
major city in the north-west of England

Manchu /ˌmænˈtʃuː/ adj
mandżurski
Manchurian, referring to the Manchu language
Manchurian, referring to the Manchu(rian) people

Manchu /ˌmænˈtʃuː/ n
Mandżur Mandżurka
member of the people

Manchu /ˌmænˈtʃuː/ pn
mandżurski
language

Manchuria /mænˈt͡ʃʊəɹiə/ pn
Mandżuria
China's northeastern three provinces

Mandalay /ˌmæn.dəˈleɪ/ pn
Mandalaj
city in Burma

Mandarin /ˈmæn.də.ɹɪn/ n
mandaryński
Standard Mandarin

Mangalore pn
Mangalore
city in western India

Manila hemp n
abaka manila
the fibre of the abaca

Manitoba /ˈmæn.ɪ.təʊ.bə/ /ˌmænɪˈtoʊbə/ pn
Manitoba
Province in western Canada

Mansi /ˈmænsi/ n
Mans Mansyjka
person

Mansi /ˈmænsi/ pn
mansyjski
Finno-Ugric language

Mantua pn
Mantua
city
province

Manx /mæŋks/ n
manx
a cat of the Manx breed (these are translations of the word alone; for translations of the phrase "Manx cat", see Manx cat)

Manx Gaelic n
manx
a Goidelic language spoken on the Isle of Man

Manx cat /mæŋks kæt/ n
manx
mammal

Maoism /ˈmaʊɪzəm/ n
maoizm
philosophy espoused by Mao Zedong

Maori /meɪˈ(j)ɔːɹi/ /ˈmaʊɹi/ /ˈmɐːɹiː/ adj
maoryski
of, from, or pertaining to the Māori

Maori /meɪˈ(j)ɔːɹi/ /ˈmaʊɹi/ /ˈmɐːɹiː/ n
Maorysi
indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand
maoryski
language of the Māori
Maorys Maoryska
member of the Maori people of New Zealand

Marathi /məˈɹɑːti/ n
marathi
language of Maharashtra

Marcel /mɑɹˈsɛl/ /mɑːˈsɛl/ pn
Marcel
male given name

Marcellus pn
Marcel
male given name

March /mɑɹt͡ʃ/ /mɑːt͡ʃ/ pn
marzec
third month of the Gregorian calendar

Marche pn
Marchia
region of central Italy

Margaret /ˈmɑɹɡɹɪt/ /ˈmɑːɡɹɪt/ pn
Małgorzata
female given name

Mari El pn
Mari Eł
a republic of Russia

Mariana Trench pn
Rów Mariański
trench in the North Pacific Ocean

Mario /ˈmɑːɹioʊ/ pn
Mariusz
the given name

Marius pn
Mariusz
male given name

Mark /maːk/ /mɑɹk/ /mɑː(ɹ)k/ pn
Ewangelia Marka Marek
book of the Bible
Marek
male given name
Marek Margusz Markusz Merkusz
the Evangelist

Markov chain n
łańcuch Markowa
probability theory

Marrakech pn
Marrakesz
city in Morocco

Mars /ˈmɑɹz/ /ˈmɑːz/ pn
Mars
planet
god of war
brand of chocolate bar

Marseillais n
marsylczyk marsylianin
native or inhabitant of Marseille

Marseillaise /mɑː.seɪˈjɛz/ /mɑːɹseɪˈjɛz/ pn
Marsylianka
the French national anthem

Marseille soap n
mydło marsylskie
kind of hard soap

Marseilles /mɑː(ɹ)ˈseɪ(l)(z)/ pn
Marsylia
city in France

Marshall Islands /ˈmɑɹ.ʃəl ˈai.ləndz/ /ˈmɑː.ʃəl ˈai.ləndz/ pn
Wyspy Marshalla
Republic of the Marshall Islands

Martha /ˈmɑɹθə/ /ˈmɑːθə/ pn
Marta
female given name

Martian /ˈmɑɹʃən/ /ˈmɑːʃən/ adj
marsjański
of or relating to the planet Mars

Martian /ˈmɑɹʃən/ /ˈmɑːʃən/ n
Marsjanin Marsjanka
inhabitant of the planet Mars

Martin /ˈmɑɹ.tn̩/ /ˈmɑː.tɪn/ pn
Marcin
given name

Martina /mɑɹˈtinə/ pn
Martyna
female given name

Martinique pn
Martynika
Department of Martinique

Marxism n
marksizm
ideology
philosophy

Marxist /ˈmɑːksɪst/ /ˈmɑːɹksɪst/ adj
marksista marksistka
following Marxism

Mary /ˈme(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɛəɹɪ/ /ˈmɛɹi/ pn
Maryja
biblical mother of Jesus
Maria Maryja
female given name

Mary Magdalene pn
Maria Magdalena
female disciple of Jesus

Mascarene Islands pn
Maskareny
islands

Masovia pn
Mazowsze
Region of Poland

Masovian adj
mazowiecki
of, or pertaining to, Masovia

Masovian n
Mazowszanin Mazowszanka
someone from Masovia

Mass /ˈmæs/ n
msza
Roman Catholic Church: the principal liturgical service
a musical composition set to portions of the Mass

Massachusetts /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsɪts/ /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːzɪts/ pn
Massachusetts
a state of the United States of America

Master of Arts n
magister
degree

Master of Science n
magister
a degree

Masuria pn
Mazury
an area in northeastern Poland

Masurian adj
mazurski
of, from, or pertaining to Masuria

Mathewson pn
Matejewicz
surname meaning "son of Matthew"

Matilda /məˈtɪldə/ pn
Matylda
female given name, cognates and transliterations

Matsuyama pn
Matsuyama
a city of Japan

Mattathias /ˌmætəˈθaɪ.əs/ pn
Matatiasz
all senses

Matthew /ˈmæθjuː/ pn
Mateusz
biblical disciple
Mateusz Ewangelia Mateusza Ewangelia według świętego Mateusza
gospel of Matthew
Mateusz Maciej
male given name

Matthias /məˈθaɪəs/ pn
Maciej
male given name

Mau Mau pn
makao
card game

Maundy Thursday pn
Wielki Czwartek
Thursday before Easter

Maurice /məˈɹis/ /məˈɹiːs/ pn
Maurycy
male given name

Mauritania /ˌmɒɹɪˈteɪni.ə/ /ˌmɔːɹɪˈteɪni.ə/ pn
Mauretania
Islamic Republic of Mauritania

Mauritanian adj
mauretański
Mauritanian

Mauritanian n
Mauretanka Mauretańczyk
Mauritanian person

Mauritian adj
maurytyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Mauritius, its people, or their language or culture

Mauritian n
Maurytyjczyk Maurytyjka
person from Mauritius or of Mauritian descent

Mauritius /məˈɹɪʃəs/ pn
Mauritius
country

Maximilian pn
Maksymilian
male given name

May /meɪ/ pn
maj
fifth month of the Gregorian calendar

Maya /ˈmaɪə/ pn
Maja
name

Maykop pn
Majkop
city in Russia

Mayotte /maɪˈɒt/ pn
Majotta
Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte

McDonald's pn
McDonald's
fast-food restaurant

Mecca /ˈmɛkə/ n
mekka
important place to visit by people with a particular interest

Mecca /ˈmɛkə/ pn
Mekka
city in Saudi Arabia

Mecklenburg pn
Meklemburgia
region of Germany

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania pn
Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie
one of the component states of Germany

Mede n
Med Medyjczyk Medyjka
inhabitant of Media

Media /ˈmiːdɪə/ pn
Media
historical region in northwestern Iran
territories corresponding to the empire ruled by dynasts from Media

MediaWiki /ˈmiːdi.əˌwɪki/ pn
MediaWiki

Mediterranean /ˌmɛdɪtəˈɹeɪnɪən/ adj
śródziemnomorski
Of or pertaining to the Mediterranean Sea and the region around it

Mediterranean Sea pn
Morze Śródziemne
the sea between Europe and Africa

Mediterranean gull n
mewa czarnogłowa
Ichthyaetus melanocephalus

Medusa /məˈduːsə/ /mɪˈdjuːsə/ pn
Meduza
one of the Gorgons

Medvedev pn
Miedwiediew
transliteration of }}

Meissen pn
Miśnia
city

Mekong pn
Mekong
river in Asia

Melanesia /ˌmɛl.əˈni.ʒə/ /ˌmɛl.əˈniː.zi.ə/ pn
Melanezja
part of Oceania

Melanesian n
Melanezyjczyk Melanezyjka
person living in or coming from Melanesia

Melanie pn
Melania
female given name

Melbourne /ˈmelbn̩/ /ˈmɛl.bɔːn/ /ˈmɛl.bən/ /ˈmɛl.bɚn/ pn
Melbourne
city in Australia

Melchizedek /melˈkɪzədek/ pn
Melchizedek
king and priest

Member of Parliament n
poseł posłanka
representative

Memnon pn
Memnon
Ethiopian king and warrior

Menelaus /ˌmɛnɪˈleɪəs/ pn
Menelaos
the king of Mycenaean Sparta

Mensa /ˈmɛnsə/ pn
Stół
constellation

Menshevik /ˈmɛnʃəvɪk/ n
mienszewik
member of a faction of the Russian revolutionary movement

Mephistopheles /ˌmɛ.fɪ.ˈstɒ.fɪ.liːz/ pn
Mefistofeles
Devil to whom Faust sold his soul

Mercedes /mɚˈseɪdiz/ n
Mercedes
short form of Mercedes Benz

Mercury /ˈmɝkjəɹi/ pn
Merkury
Roman god
planet

Merlin pn
Merlin
Wizard in Arthurian legend

Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year phraseologicalUnit
wesołych Świąt i szczęśliwego Nowego Roku!
traditional greeting for the Christmas and the new year

Meryl pn
Maryla
female given name

Mesolithic n
mezolit
Mesolithic period

Mesopotamia /mɛsəpəˈteɪmɪə/ pn
Mezopotamia
region between Euphrates and Tigris

Mesozoic adj
mezozoiczny
of era from 230 to 65 milion years ago

Mesozoic pn
era mezozoiczna mezozoik
Mesozoic era

Messiah pn
Mesjasz
(Christianity) Jesus

Messidor /ˈmɛsɪdɔː/ /ˌmɛsɪˈdɔɹ/ pn
messidor
the tenth month of the French Republican Calendar

Messina /mɛˈsiːnə/ pn
Mesyna Messyna
city
province

Messinian pn
messyn

Methodism n
metodyzm
Methodist Christian movement founded by John Wesley

Methodist /ˈmɛθədɪst/ adj
metodystyczny
of or relating to Methodism

Methodist /ˈmɛθədɪst/ n
metodysta metodystka
a member of the Methodist Church

Methuselah pn
Matuzalem Metuszelach
Biblical character

Meuse pn
Moza
river

Mexican /ˈmɛks.ɪ.kən/ adj
meksykański
of or pertaining to Mexico

Mexican /ˈmɛks.ɪ.kən/ n
Meksykanin Meksykanka
person from Mexico or of Mexican descent

Mexican chickadee n
sikora meksykańska
Poecile sclateri

Mexican wave n
meksykańska fala
A phenomenon at sports events

Mexican wolf n
wilk meksykański
rare subspecies of grey wolf

Mexicanness n
meksykańskość
quality of being Mexican

Mexico /ˈmɛk.sɪ.koʊ/ /ˈmɛk.sɪ.kəʊ/ pn
Meksyk
country

Mexico City pn
Meksyk
capital of Mexico

Miami /maɪˈæmi/ pn
Miami
city in Florida, United States

Micah /ˈmaɪkə/ pn
Micheasz Księga Micheasza
Biblical character: Ephraimite featured in Judges 17–18
Biblical character: minor prophet and author
male given name
Księga Micheasza
book of the Bible

Michael /ˈmaɪkəl/ pn
Michał Święty Michał Archanioł
archangel
Michał
male given name

Michaela pn
Michalina
feminine form of Michael

Mickey Mouse pn
Myszka Miki
Disney character

Micronesia /ˌmaɪ.kɹoʊˈniː.ʒə/ /ˌmaɪ.kɹəʊˈniː.zi.ə/ pn
Mikronezja
country

Microscopium pn
Mikroskop
faint constellation of the southern spring sky

Midas /ˈmaɪ.dəs/ pn
Midas
Greek mythology

Middle Ages /ˌmɪdl̩ ˈeɪdʒɪz/ pn
średniowiecze
historical period

Middle America pn
Ameryka Środkowa
geographical region

Middle East pn
Bliski Wschód Środkowy Wschód
region comprising southwest Asia and northeast Africa

Middle Eastern adj
bliskowschodni
of or relating to the Middle East

Middle English pn
średnioangielski
Middle English

Middle High German adj
średnio-wysoko-niemiecki
Middle High German

Middle Kingdom pn
Państwo Środka
nickname for China
Średnie Państwo
Egypt in the 12th and 13th dynasties

Middle Persian pn
pahlawi średnioperski
language

Middle-earth pn
Śródziemie
fictional place on Earth where most of the stories of J. R. R. Tolkien are set

Midrash n
midrasz
Rabbinic exegetical commentary
Rabbinic exegetical technique

Milan /mɪˈlæn/ /mɪˈlɑːn/ pn
Mediolan
city and capital
province

Milanese adj
mediolański
pertaining to Milan

Milanese n
mediolańczyk mediolanka
native or inhabitant of Milan

Mileikowsky pn
Milejkowski
surname

Miletus /maɪˈliːtəs/ pn
Milet
ancient Greek city

Milky Way pn
Droga Mleczna
galaxy
light in night sky

Miller /ˈmɪlɚ/ pn
Młynarska Młynarski
surname meaning "a miller"

Miltiades pn
Milcjades
given name

Minorca pn
Minorka
An island of Spain

Minsk /mɪnsk/ pn
Mińsk
capital of Belarus

Miocene adj
mioceński
of the Miocene epoch

Miocene pn
miocen
Miocene epoch

Miss /mɪs/ /ˈmɪz/ n
panna
title

Mississippi /ˌmɪsɪˈsɪpi/ n
Missisipi
river
state

Mississippian adj
missisipijski
of Mississippi

Mississippian pn
missisip mississip mississipp
geological epoch

Missouri /mɪˈzɝ.i/ pn
Missouri
US state
river

Mnemosyne /nɪˈmɒ.sɪ.ni/ pn
Mnemosyne
Titaness

Moab pn
Moab

Moabite n
Moabita Moabitka
person

Moabite pn
moabicki
language

Modena pn
Modena
city
province

Modern Monetary Theory pn
Nowoczesna teoria monetarna
Economic model

Modern Standard Arabic pn
fusha współczesny standardowy język arabski
Modern Standard Arabic

Moebius syndrome n
zespół Möbiusa
disorder

Mogadishu pn
Mogadiszu
capital city

Mogilev pn
Mohylew Mogilew
city

Mohammedan adj
mahometański
Muslim, Islamic

Mohammedan n
mahometanin mahometanka
Muslim

Mohawk n
irokez
hairstyle

Moldavian adj
mołdawski
relating to Moldova

Moldova /mɒlˈdəʊ.və/ /mɔlˈdoʊ.və/ pn
Mołdawia Mołdowa
country

Molotov cocktail /ˈmɒ.lə.ˌtɒf.ˈkɒk.teɪl/ n
koktajl Mołotowa
simple incendiary bomb

Momus pn
Momos
personification of satire and mockery

Mona Lisa /ˌmoʊnə ˈlisə/ /ˌməʊnə ˈliːzə/ pn
Gioconda Mona Lisa
painting by Leonardo da Vinci

Monaco /ˈmɑ.nə.koʊ/ /ˈmɒ.nə.kəʊ/ pn
Monako
country in Europe
capital city

Monastir pn
Bitola
former name of Bitola in Macedonia

Monday /ˈmʌn.deɪ/ adv
w poniedziałek poniedziałek
on Monday

Monday /ˈmʌn.deɪ/ n
poniedziałek
day of the week

Mongolia /mɑːŋˈɡoʊli.ə/ /mɒŋˈɡəʊli.ə/ pn
Mongolia
East Asian country

Mongolian /mɒŋˈɡoʊliən/ adj
mongolski
of or relating to Mongolia or its peoples, languages, or cultures

Mongolian /mɒŋˈɡoʊliən/ n
mongolski
language of Mongolia
person of Mongoloid physical type
Mongołka Mongoł
native or inhabitant of Mongolia

Monica /ˈmɒ.nɪ.kə/ pn
Monika
female given name

Monoceros pn
Jednorożec
winter constellation of the northern sky

Monsignor /mɑnˈsiː.njɚ/ /mɒnˈsiː.njə/ n
prałat
ecclesiastic title bestowed on some Roman Catholic clerics by the Pope

Mont Blanc /ˌmɑn ˈblɑŋk/ /ˌmɒ̃ ˈblɒ̃(k)/ pn
Mont Blanc
the highest mountain in Europe

Montana /mɒnˈtænə/ pn
Montana
US state

Montenegrin /ˌmɒntɪˈniːɡɹɪn/ adj
czarnogórski
relating to Montenegro

Montenegrin /ˌmɒntɪˈniːɡɹɪn/ n
czarnogórski
person from Montenegro

Montenegro /mɒn.tɪˈnɛ.ɡɹəʊ/ /ˌmɑn.təˈneɪ.ɡɹoʊ/ pn
Czarnogóra
country in Europe

Montreal /ˌmɑn.tɹiˈɔl/ /ˌmɒn.tɹiˈɔːl/ /ˌmʌn.tɹiːˈɒl/ pn
Montreal
a city in Quebec

Montrealer n
montrealczyk montrealka
person from Montreal

Montserrat /mɒn(t)səˈɹæt/ pn
Montserrat
island

Monégasque /ˈmɒ.nə.ɡask/ adj
monakijski
of or relating to Monaco or its inhabitants

Monégasque /ˈmɒ.nə.ɡask/ n
Monakijczyk Monakijka
a native or inhabitant of Monaco

Moon pn
Księżyc
sole natural satellite of the Earth

Moor /mʊ(ə)ɹ/ n
Maur
a member of a certain mixed race of Arab and Berber people
a member of a this race that formerly occupied Spain

Moore's law pn
Prawo Moore’a
empirical observation

Moorish /ˈmʊə.ɹɪʃ/ /ˈmʊɹ.ɪʃ/ adj
mauretański
of or pertaining to Moors

Morava pn
Morawa
river in Central Europe

Moravia /mɔˈɹeɪvi.ə/ pn
Morawy
historical region

Moravian n
Morawianin Morawianka
person from Moravia

Mordecai /ˈmɔː(ɹ)dəkaɪ̯/ pn
Mardocheusz
a Biblical character in the Book of Esther

Mordovia pn
Mordwa Mordowia
republic of Russia

Mordovian adj
mordwiński
from, of, or pertaining to, Mordovia

Mordovian n
Mordwin Mordwinka
someone from Mordovia

Morgan le Fay /ˌmɔːɡən lə ˈfeɪ/ pn
Morgana Le Fay
half-sister of King Arthur

Moroccan adj
marokański
pertaining to Morocco

Moroccan n
Marokańczyk Marokanka
person from Morocco

Morocco /məˈɹɒkəʊ/ pn
Maroko
country

Morpheus /ˈmɔɹfjuːs/ pn
Morfeusz
Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams

Morris column n
słup ogłoszeniowy
pillar for advertisements

Morse code pn
alfabet Morse’a kod Morse’a
character code

Mosaic adj
Mojżeszowy
Of or relating to Moses

Moscovian n
moskow
subdivision of the Carboniferous period

Moscow /ˈmɑskaʊ/ /ˈmɒskəʊ/ /ˈmɔskɐʉ/ pn
Moskwa
capital city of Russia

Moses /ˈmoʊzəz/ /ˈməʊzɪs/ pn
Mojżesz
the biblical patriarch

Mossad pn
Mosad
the national intelligence agency of Israel

Mother Earth pn
Matka Ziemia
personification of Earth

Mother of God pn
Bogarodzica Bogarodzicielka Bogurodzica Boża Rodzicielka Matka Boska Matka Boża
mother of Jesus Christ

Mother's Day n
Dzień Matki
a day in honor of one's mother or all mothers, on whichever day

Mount Everest pn
Czomolungma Mount Everest Qomolangma Sagarmatha Szczyt XV
world’s highest mountain, located in the Himalayas

Mount Fuji pn
Fudżi
the highest mountain in Japan

Mount of Olives pn
Góra Oliwna
mountain ridge

Mozambican n
Mozambijczyk Mozambijka
person from Mozambique or of Mozambican descent

Mozambique /ˌmoʊ.zæmˈbiːk/ pn
Mozambik
country in Southern Africa

Mozartian adj
mozartowski
of or pertaining to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Mr. /ˈmɪstəɹ/ [ˈmɪstə(ɹ)] [ˈmɪstɚ] n
p.
abbreviation of mister

Mr. and Mrs. n
państwo
Title of a married couple

Mrs /ˈmɪs/ /ˈmɪsɪz/ n
pani
title before woman's name

Mstsislaw pn
Mścisław
town of Belarus

Muay Thai /muːeɪ ˈtaɪ/ n
boks tajski
the martial art/sport

Muggle /ˈmʌɡl̩/ n
mugol
non-magical person

Muhammad pn
Mahomet
the prophet who introduced Islam

Muhu pn
Muhu
island

Mumbai /mʊm.ˈbaɪ/ pn
Bombaj
state capital of Maharashtra

Munich /ˈmjuːnɪk/ pn
Monachium
capital of Bavaria

Muntenia /mʊnˈtɛni.ə/ pn
Muntenia
Muntenia

Mureș pn
Marusza
river

Murmansk pn
Murmańsk
city

Musca pn
Mucha
constellation

Muscat pn
Maskat
capital city

Muscovite /ˈmʌs.kəˌvaɪt/ adj
moskiewski
Relating to Moscow

Muscovite /ˈmʌs.kəˌvaɪt/ n
moskwianin moskwianka
resident of Moscow

Muscovy duck n
kaczka piżmowa piżmówka amerykańska
duck

Muse /mjuːz/ n
muza
one of the nine Ancient Greek deities of the arts

Muslim adj
muzułmański
relating to believers of Islam

Muslim n
muzułmanin muzułmanka
believer of Islam

Myanmar /ˈmaɪ̯ænˌmɑː/ /ˌmjɑnˈmɑɹ/ pn
Birma Myanmar Mianma
Southeast Asian country

Mycenae pn
Mykeny
city

Mycenaean /ˌmʌɪ.sɪˈniːən/ adj
miceński mykeński
relating to Mycenae

Mycenaean /ˌmʌɪ.sɪˈniːən/ n
Mykeńczyk
a native of Mycenae

Mysłowice pn
Mysłowice
city in Poland

Málaga /ˈmæləɡə/ pn
Malaga Málaga
port and city in Andalusia

Möbius strip /ˈməʊ.biː.əs stɹɪp/ n
wstęga Möbiusa
one-sided surface
narrow strip given a half twist

N'Djamena /əndʒɑːˈmeɪnɑː/ pn
Ndżamena
capital city of Chad

NAFLD n
niealkoholowa stłuszczeniowa choroba wątroby
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

NAM pn
Ruch Państw Niezaangażowanych
Non-Aligned Movement

NATO /ˈneɪ.toʊ/ /ˈneɪ.təʊ/ pn
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Nablus pn
Nablus
Nablus

Nadia pn
Nadia
female given name

Nagorno-Karabakh /nəˌɡɔːnəʊ kɑːɹəˈbɑːk/ pn
Górski Karabach
region in South Caucasus

Nagoya pn
Nagoja
a city of Japan

Nagy pn
Nagy

Nahuatl /ˈnɑːwɑːt(ə)l/ pn
nahuatl aztecki meksykański
language

Nahum pn
Księga Nahuma
book of the Bible

Naissaar pn
Naissaar
island in northern Estonia

Nakhodka pn
Nachodka
city in Russia

Nalchik pn
Nalczyk
city in Russia

Namibia /nəˈmɪbi.ə/ pn
Namibia
Republic of Namibia

Namibian adj
namibijski
of, from, or pertaining to Namibia

Namibian n
Namibijczyk Namibijka
a person from Namibia or of Namibian descent

Namur /nəˈmʊə(ɹ)/ pn
Namur
city
province

Naomi /naɪˈoʊmi/ /neɪˈoʊmi/ pn
Noemi
Biblical character

Naples /ˈneɪ.pəlz/ pn
Neapol
city in Italy
province in Italy

Napoleon pn
Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte
male given name

Narew /ˈnɑːɹɛf/ pn
Narew
river

Narnia /ˈnɑː(ɹ).ni.ə/ pn
Narnia
a fictional land

Narva pn
Narwa Narva
City in Estonia

Naryan-Mar pn
Narjan-Mar
city in Russia

Natalie pn
Natalia
female given name

Nataraja pn
Nataradźa
dancing posture of the Hindu god Shiva

Natasha /nəˈtɑʃə/ pn
Natasza
female given name

Nativity pn
narodzenie
birth of Jesus

Nauru /nɑːˈuː.ɹuː/ pn
Nauru
Republic of Nauru

Nauruan [nɑːˈuː.ɹuːn̩] pn
nauruański
language of Nauru

Navajo /ˈnæv.ə.hoʊ/ /ˈnæv.ə.həʊ/ n
Nawaho
person

Navajo /ˈnæv.ə.hoʊ/ /ˈnæv.ə.həʊ/ pn
Nawaho
language

Navarre /nəˈvɑː(ɹ)/ /nəˈvɑːɹ/ pn
Nawarra
autonomous community of Spain

Naypyidaw /ˈneɪpjɪˌdɔː/ pn
Naypyidaw
capital of Myanmar

Nazarene adj
nazaretański
Of or pertaining to Nazareth or its people

Nazarene n
nazarejczyk nazaretanka nazaretańczyk
A person from Nazareth

Nazarene pn
Nazarejczyk
epithet of Jesus Christ

Nazareth /ˈnæzəɹəθ/ pn
Nazaret
Nazareth

Nazi /ˈnɑːtsi/ adj
nazistowski
pertaining to the Nazi Party or Nazism

Nazism /ˈnɑːtsɪzəm/ pn
nazizm
the ideology of Adolf Hitler’s NSDAP

Neanderthal /niˈændəɹθəl/ /niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/ /niːˈæn.dɚˌtɑːl/ /niːˈæn.dɚˌθɑːl/ adj
neandertalski
of or pertaining to Homines neanderthalenses

Neanderthal /niˈændəɹθəl/ /niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/ /niːˈæn.dɚˌtɑːl/ /niːˈæn.dɚˌθɑːl/ n
neandertalczyk
a Homo neanderthalensis specimen
a primitive person

Neapolitan /ˌniːəˈpɒlɪtən/ n
neapolitanka neapolitańczyk
inhabitant or resident of Naples

Neapolitan /ˌniːəˈpɒlɪtən/ pn
neapolitański
language of Naples, Italy

Near East pn
Bliski Wschód
region in Asia

Nebraska /nəˈbɹæskə/ pn
Nebraska
US state

Nefertiti pn
Neferetiti Nefertiti Nefretete
a queen of Ancient Egypt

Negev /ˈnɛɡɛv/ pn
Negew
a desert in southern Israel

Negro /ˈniːɡɹo/ /ˈniːɡɹəʊ/ n
murzyn murzynka
person with dark skin

Nehemiah /ˌniː(h)əˈmaɪə/ pn
Księga Nehemiasza
book of the Bible
Nehemiasz Księga Nehemiasza
male given name

Neman pn
Niemen
river to the Baltic Sea

Nemean Lion /ˌnimi.ən ˈlai.ən/ pn
Lew Nemejski
mythical lion of Nemea

Nemesis /ˈnɛməsɪs/ pn
Nemezis
Greek goddess of retribution

Nenets n
nieniec
person

Neogene adj
neogeniczny neogeński
of a period from 26 million years ago to present

Neogene pn
neogen
Neogene period

Neolithic /ˌni.oʊˈlɪθ.ɪk/ /ˌni.əˈlɪθ.ɪk/ adj
neolityczny
of or relating to the New Stone Age

Neolithic /ˌni.oʊˈlɪθ.ɪk/ /ˌni.əˈlɪθ.ɪk/ pn
neolit
the New Stone Age

Neoplatonic adj
neoplatoński
of or pertaining to Neoplatonism

Nepal /nəˈpɔːl/ pn
Nepal
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal

Nepali /nəˈpɔːli/ adj
nepalski
pertaining to Nepal

Nepali /nəˈpɔːli/ n
Nepalczyk Nepalka
person

Nepali /nəˈpɔːli/ pn
nepalski
language

Neptune /ˈneptʃʉːn/ /ˈnɛptjuːn/ /ˈnɛptuːn/ pn
Neptun
eighth planet of the solar system
Roman god of the ocean

Nessie pn
Aga
female given name

Nestorian adj
nestoriański
related to the teachings of Nestorius

Nestorian n
nestorianin nestorianka
A member of a "Nestorian" church

Netherlands /ˈnɛðələndz/ /ˈnɛðɚləndz/ adj
holenderski niderlandzki
pertaining to the Netherlands

Netherlands /ˈnɛðələndz/ /ˈnɛðɚləndz/ pn
Holandia Niderlandy
country in northwestern Europe

Netherlands Antilles pn
Antyle Holenderskie
former autonomous territory

Neva pn
Newa
river

New Brunswick /nju ˈbɹʌnz.wɪk/ /njuː ˈbɹʌnz.wɪk/ pn
Nowy Brunszwik
province in eastern Canada

New Caledonia /ˈnjuː ˌkæl.ɪˈdəʊ.ni.ə/ /ˈnu ˌkæl.ɪˈdoʊ.ni.ə/ pn
Nowa Kaledonia
overseas territory of France

New Caledonian adj
nowokaledoński
of, from, or pertaining to New Caledonia

New Delhi /njuː ˈdɛli/ pn
Nowe Delhi
capital of India

New England pn
Nowa Anglia
six states of the United States

New Guinea pn
Nowa Gwinea
large island

New Jersey /njuː ˈdʒɜːzi/ /nuːˈdʒɝzi/ pn
New Jersey
a northeast state of the United States of America

New Mexico /njuː mɛk.sɪ.kəʊ/ /nu ˈmɛk.si.koʊ/ pn
Nowy Meksyk
US State

New Orleanian adj
nowoorleański
of, or relating to New Orleans

New Orleans /ˈn(j)uː ɔɹˈliːnz/ /ˈnɔɹlənz/ /ˈnɔːlənz/ /ˌnuː ˈɔɹ.li.ənz/ pn
Nowy Orlean
city

New South Wales pn
Nowa Południowa Walia
one state of Australia

New Spain pn
Nowa Hiszpania
historical colony

New Testament pn
Nowy Testament
second half of the Christian Bible

New World pn
Nowy Świat
the Americas and Oceania

New World Order pn
Nowy porządek świata
vision for the world

New Year n
Nowy Rok Nowy rok
January 1 in the Julian and Gregorian calendar and the days following
Nowy Rok
the first few days of a calendar year

New Year's Day n
Nowy Rok
holiday occurring on January 1st

New Year's Eve pn
sylwester
holiday on December 31st

New York /njuː ˈjɔːk/ /nu ˈjɔɹk/ pn
Nowy Jork
state

New York City pn
Nowy Jork
large city in the USA

New Yorker n
nowojorczanka nowojorczyk
a native or resident of New York City
Nowojorczanka Nowojorczyk
a native or resident of the state of New York

New Zealand /nju ˈziː.lənd/ /njʉː ˈziːlɘnd/ /nu ˈzi.lənd/ pn
nowozelandzki
attributive form - relating to New Zealand
Nowa Zelandia
country in Oceania

New Zealander n
Nowozelandczyk Nowozelandka
a person from New Zealand or of New Zealand descent

New Zealandress n
Nowozelandka
female New Zealander

Newcastle /ˈn(j)uˌkæsl̩/ /ˈnjuːˌkɑːsl̩/ [ˌnjʉˈkʰasɫ̩] pn
Newcastle
city

Newfoundland /ˈn(j)uˌfaʊnd.lənd/ /ˈnjuːˌfaʊnd.lənd/ /ˈnu.fənˌlænd/ pn
Nowa Fundlandia
Island off the coast of Eastern Canada

Newman /ˈnumən/ pn
Nowak
surname meaning "new man"

Newspeak pn
nowomowa
fictional language

Niamey /njɑːˈmeɪ/ pn
Niamej
capital of Niger

Nicaragua /ˌnɪk.əɹˈæɡ.ju.ə/ /ˌnɪk.əˈɹɑ.ɡwə/ pn
Nikaragua
a country in Central America

Nicaraguan adj
nikaraguański
pertaining to Nicaragua

Nice /niːs/ pn
Nicea
city in France

Nicene Creed pn
Nicejskie wyznanie wiary
official creed of the early Christian church stating tenets of the Christian faith

Nicholas /ˈnɪk.ə.ləs/ pn
Mikołaj
male given name

Nicholson pn
Mikołajewicz
surname meaning "son of Nicholas"

Nicosia /ˌnɪkəˈsiːə/ pn
Nikozja
capital of Cyprus

Nicosian adj
nikozyjski
from Nicosia

Nicosian n
nikozyjczyk nikozyjka
someone from Nicosia

Nietzschean /ˈni.t͡ʃi.ən/ /ˈniː.t͡ʃɪ.ən/ adj
nietzscheański
pertaining to Nietzsche or his writings

Nietzschean /ˈni.t͡ʃi.ən/ /ˈniː.t͡ʃɪ.ən/ n
nietzscheanista nietzscheanistka
a supporter of Nietzsche's ideas

Nietzscheanism /ˈni.t͡ʃi.ənɪzəm/ /ˈniː.t͡ʃɪ.ənɪzəm/ n
nietzscheanizm
philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche

Niger /ˈnaɪ.dʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪ.dʒɚ/ pn
Niger
country

Nigeria /naɪˈdʒiː.ɹi.ə/ /naɪˈdʒɪə.ɹɪə/ /naɪˈdʒɪɹ.i.ə/ pn
Nigeria
a country in Western Africa

Nigerian adj
nigeryjski
of, from, or pertaining to Nigeria, the Nigerian people or culture

Nigerian n
Nigeryjka Nigeryjczyk
person

Nigerian scam n
nigeryjski przekręt nigeryjski szwindel
attempt to defraud

Nijmegen pn
Nijmegen
city in the Netherlands

Nike /ˈnaɪki/ pn
Nike
Greek goddess of victory

Nikolayevsk pn
Nikołajewsk
former name of Nikolayevsk-on-Amur

Nikolayevsk-on-Amur pn
Nikołajewsk nad Amurem
city

Nile /naɪl/ pn
Nil
river

Nina /ˈniːnə/ pn
Nina
female given name

Nineveh /ˈnɪnɪvə/ pn
Niniwa
capital of Assyria

Niue /ˈnjuːeɪ/ pn
Niue
island of Niue

Nivkh /nɪvk/ pn
niwchijski
language

Nivôse /niˈvoʊz/ /nɪˈvəʊz/ pn
nivôse
the fourth month of the French Republican Calendar

Nizhny Novgorod pn
Niżny Nowogród
large city in Russia

Noah /ˈnoʊə/ /ˈnəʊə/ pn
Noe
biblical character
male given name

Noah's ark pn
arka Noego
the vessel built by Noah under God's instructions, as described in Genesis

Nobel laureate n
noblista noblistka
person who has been awarded a Nobel Prize

Nogai adj
nogajski
of or pertaining to the Nogai language or people

Nogai n
Nogaj Nogajka
person

Nogai pn
nogajski
language

Nordic combined n
kombinacja norweska
cross-country skiing and ski jumping

Nordic countries n
kraje nordyckie
the Nordic countries collectively

Norfolk Island /ˈnɔɹ.fɔk ˈaɪ.lənd/ /ˈnɔː.fək ˈaɪ.lənd/ pn
Norfolk
external territory of Australia

Norma pn
Węgielnica
constellation

Normandy pn
Normandia
region of France

North African adj
północnoafrykański
of or pertaining to North Africa

North America pn
Ameryka Północna
continent

North American adj
północnoamerykański
relating to North America

North Atlantic Treaty Organization pn
Organizacja Traktatu Północnoatlantyckiego
intergovernmental military alliance

North Brabant pn
Brabancja Północna
province

North Carolina /ˌnɔɹθ kæɹəˈlaːnə/ /ˌnɔɹθ kɛɹəˈlaɪnə/ /ˌnɔːθ kæɹ.əˈlaɪn.ə/ /ˌnɔːθ kæɹəˈlaːnə/ pn
Karolina Północna
state of the United States

North Dakota /ˈnɔɹθ dəˈkoʊ.tə/ pn
Dakota Północna
state of the United States of America

North Holland pn
Holandia Północna
province of the Netherlands

North Korea pn
Korea Północna
North Korea

North Korean adj
północnokoreański
pertaining to North Korea

North Korean n
Północnokoreanka Północnokoreańczyk
person from North Korea

North Macedonia pn
Macedonia Północna
country in Europe

North Ossetia-Alania pn
Osetia Północna
a federal subject of Russia

North Rhine-Westphalia pn
Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia
state

North Sea pn
Morze Północne
a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Britain, Scandinavia and Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France

Northern Europe pn
Europa Północna
sociopolitical region of Europe

Northern European adj
północnoeuropejski
Northern European

Northern Ireland pn
Irlandia Północna
Northern Ireland

Northern Marianas pn
Mariany Północne
Northern Marianas

Northern Territory /ˈnɔːðən ˈtɛɹɪt(ə)ɹi/ pn
Terytorium Północne
Territory in northern Australia

Northumbria /nɔː(ɹ)ˈθʌmbɹɪə/ pn
Nortumbria
An Anglo-Saxon kingdom in the Northeast of England.

Northumbrian adj
nortumbryjski
An Adjective.

Northwest Territories pn
Terytoria Północno-Zachodnie
Territory in northern Canada

Norway /ˈnɔɹ.weɪ/ /ˈnɔː.weɪ/ pn
Norwegia
Scandinavian country

Norway maple n
klon zwyczajny
Acer platanoides

Norwegian /nɔɹˈwiː.dʒən/ /nɔːˈwiː.dʒən/ adj
norweski
of or pertaining to Norway
of or pertaining to Norwegians
of or pertaining to the Norwegian language

Norwegian /nɔɹˈwiː.dʒən/ /nɔːˈwiː.dʒən/ n
język norweski norweski
language of Norway
Norweg Norweżka
native of Norway

Noteć pn
Noteć
river

Nouakchott pn
Nawakszut
capital of Mauritania

Nova Scotia /ˌnoʊ.və ˈskoʊ.ʃə/ /ˌnəʊ.və ˈskəʊ.ʃə/ pn
Nowa Szkocja
province in eastern Canada

Novaya Zemlya pn
Nowa Ziemia
archipelago in Russia

November /noʊˈvɛmbəɹ/ /nəʊˈvɛmbə/ pn
listopad
eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar

Novgorod /ˈnɒvɡəɹɒd/ pn
Nowgorod
city

Novi Sad pn
Nowy Sad
largest city of the Serbian province of Vojvodina

Novokuznetsk pn
Nowokuźnieck
city

Novorossiya pn
Noworosja
an area north of the Black Sea

Novorossiysk pn
Noworosyjsk
city

Novosibirsk pn
Nowosybirsk
city in Russia

Nubia pn
Nubia
ancient kingdom

Numbers pn
Księga Liczb
fourth book of the Bible

Numidia pn
Numidia
region in northern Africa

Numidian adj
numidyjski
pertaining to Numidia

Nur-Sultan /ˈnʊɹ.sʌlˌtɑːn/ pn
Nur-Sułtan
the official name of the capital of Kazakhstan

Nuremberg /ˈn(j)ʊɹəmbɚɡ/ /ˈnjʊəɹəmbəːɡ/ pn
Norymberga
city in Germany

Nynorsk /ˈnjuːnɔːsk/ /ˈnunɔɹsk/ n
nynorsk
one of the two major Norwegian (written) languages

Nyx pn
Nyks
the primordial goddess of night

OK /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəʊˈkeɪ/ /ˌəˈkæɪ/ n
okej zgoda dobra dobrze pasi pasuje
endorsement; approval

OS /ˌoʊ ˈɛs/ n
system operacyjny
operating system

OSCE pn
OBWE
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

Ob pn
Ob
Ob River

Obadiah /ˌoʊbəˈdaɪə/ pn
Księga Abdiasza
book of the Old Testament

Occam's razor pn
brzytwa Ockhama
both principles

Occitan /ˈɑksɪˌtæn/ /ˈɒksɪˌtæn/ pn
okcytański prowansalski
the Romance language

Occitania pn
Oksytania
Occitania

Oceania /ˌoʊ.ʃiˈæn.i.ə/ /ˌəʊ.ʃiˈɑː.nɪə/ pn
Oceania
geographical region

Octans pn
Oktant
a circumpolar constellation

October /ɑkˈtoʊbəɹ/ /ɒkˈtəʊbə/ pn
październik
tenth month of the Gregorian calendar

Odense pn
Odense
City in southern Denmark

Oder pn
Odra
river

Odessa pn
Odessa
Ukrainian city

Odin /oʊdɪn/ /əʊdɪn/ pn
Odyn
in Norse mythology, the supreme god

Odisha pn
Orisa
state in India

Odyssey /ˈɑ.dɨ.si/ /ˈɒ.dɨ.si/ pn
Odyseja
epic poem describing the journey of Odysseus

Oedipus /ˈiːdɪpəs/ /ˈɛdɪpəs/ pn
Edyp
son of Laius and Jocasta

Oedipus complex /ˈɛdəpəs ˈkɒmplɛks/ n
kompleks Edypa
Freudian theory

Ogaden pn
Ogaden
region in Ethiopia

Oghuz /oʊˈɡuːz/ pn
oguzowie
Oghuz people

Ohio /oʊˈhaɪoʊ/ /əˈhaɪəʊ/ pn
Ohio
U.S. state
river

Ojibwe /əˈdʒɪbweɪ/ pn
odżibwe
Ojibwe (language)

Okazaki fragment n
fragment Okazaki odcinek Okazaki
one of many newly synthesized DNA fragments formed on the lagging template strand during replication

Okinawa pn
Okinawa
prefecture

Okinawan pn
język okinawski
Okinawan language

Oklahoma /ˌoʊk.ləˈhoʊ.mə/ pn
Oklahoma
state

Olaf /ˈoʊl.əf/ /ˈəʊl.əf/ pn
Olaf
male given name

Old Armenian pn
staroormiański
language

Old Believer n
staroobrzędowiec
believer in Orthodoxy as it was before reforms

Old Catholic adj
starokatolicki
pertaining to a group of churches that split from the Roman Catholic Church

Old Church Slavonic pn
(język) [[staro-cerkiewno-słowiański]]
the first literary and liturgical Slavic language

Old East Slavic pn
język staroruski staroruski
language

Old English pn
staroangielski
ancestor language of modern English

Old English Sheepdog n
owczarek staroangielski
a breed of herding dog

Old French pn
starofrancuski
French language from 9th to the early 14th century

Old High German adj
staro-wysoko-niemiecki
Old High German

Old High German pn
język [[staro-wysoko-niemiecki]]
Old High German

Old Irish pn
staroirlandzki
language

Old Japanese pn
starojapoński
the Old Japanese language

Old Persian pn
staroperski
Translations

Old Polish pn
język staropolski staropolszczyzna
historical form of the Polish language

Old Prussian adj
staropruski
of or pertaining to the Old Prussian language or people

Old Slavonic pn
staro-cerkiewno-słowiański
Old Church Slavonic
prasłowiański
Proto-Slavic

Old Testament pn
Stary Testament
first half of the Christian Bible

Old World pn
Stary Świat
The Eastern Hemisphere, especially Europe, Africa and Asia

Old World monkey n
makakowate małpa ogoniasta
primates falling in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea

Olenekian pn
olenek
subdivision of the Triassic period

Oligocene adj
oligoceński
of the Oligocene epoch

Oligocene pn
oligocen
Oligocene epoch

Oliver /ˈɑlɪvɚ/ /ˈɒlɪvə/ pn
Oliwer Oliwier
male given name

Olivia /oʊˈlɪvi.ə/ /əʊˈlɪvi.ə/ pn
Oliwia
female given name

Olomouc /ˈɒləmaʊts/ pn
Ołomuniec
city in the Czech Republic
ołomuniecki
city in the Czech Republic (used attributively)

Olomouc Region pn
kraj ołomuniecki
region in the Czech Republic

Olomouc cheese n
serki ołomunieckie twarożki ołomunieckie
Olomouc cheese

Olsztyn pn
Olsztyn
city in northeastern Poland

Olympia pn
Olimpia
ancient city in Greece
female given name

Olympiad /əˈlɪmpiæd/ n
olimpiada
Olympic games
period of four years

Olympic /oʊˈlɪm.pɪk/ adj
olimpijski
of or pertaining to the Olympic Games

Olympic Games pn
Igrzyska olimpijskie
international multi-sport event inspired by the ancient festival

Olympic Winter Games pn
Zimowe igrzyska olimpijskie
Olympic Winter Games

Olympics pn
olimpiada
sport event

Olympus /əˈlɪmpəs/ pn
Olimp
mountain

Olza pn
Olza
river

Oman /oʊˈmæn/ /əʊˈmɑːn/ pn
Oman
country in the Middle East

Omani adj
omański
Of, from, or pertaining to Oman, the Omani people or the Omani language

Omsk pn
Omsk
large city in Russia

Ophiuchus /ˌoʊfiˈjukəs/ pn
Wężownik
zodiacal constellation of the northern summer

Opole pn
Opole
city in southern Poland

Ore Mountains pn
Rudawy
mountain range

Oregon /ˈɑɹɪɡən/ /ˈɒɹɪɡən/ /ˈɔɹɡən/ /ˈɔɹɪɡən/ pn
Oregon
northwestern state of the United States of America

Oregon grape n
mahonia
Mahonia aquifolium

Oresund /ˈɜːsʊnd/ /ˈɜ˞sʊnd/ pn
Sund
strait

Oresund Bridge /ˌɜːsʊnd ˈbɹɪdʒ/ /ˌɜ˞sʊnd ˈbɹɪdʒ/ pn
most Kopenhaga – Malmö most nad Sundem
bridge

Oriental /ɔːɹiˈɛntl̩/ adj
orientalny
of or relating to the Orient or Asia, especially the Far East

Oriental Republic of Uruguay pn
Orientalna Republika Urugwaju
official name of Uruguay

Orinoco /ˌoʊɹɪˈnoʊkoʊ/ /ˌɒɹɪˈnəʊkəʊ/ pn
Orinoko
river

Orion /əˈɹaɪən/ pn
Orion
constellation
in mythology

Orontes /ɔːˈɹɒntiːz/ pn
Orontes
river in Western Asia

Orpheus /ˈɔɹfi.əs/ pn
Orfeusz
the musician who searched for Eurydice

Orthodox adj
ortodoksyjny (Judaizm)
of Orthodox Judaism
prawosławny prawowierny
of the Orthodox Churches

Orthodox Church n
cerkiew prawosławna
the Eastern body of Christendom

Orthodoxy /ˈɔːɹθədɑːksi/ /ˈɔːθədɒksi/ pn
prawosławie
the Eastern Orthodox Church and its foundations

Orwell /ˈɔːwel/ /ˈɔːɹwel/ pn
Orwell
surname

Orwellian /ɔɹˈwɛli.ən/ /ɔːˈwɛli.ən/ adj
orwellowski
of or relating to Orwell, especially his dystopian novels

Orwellianism n
orwellizm
Orwellian systems or methods generally

Oryol pn
Orzeł
a city in Russia

Osaka /oʊˈsɑkə/ /əʊˈsɑːkə/ pn
Osaka
city in Honshū, Japan

Osiris /oʊˈsaɪɹɪs/ pn
Ozyrys
Egyptian god of the dead and of the underworld

Oslo /ˈɒzləʊ/ pn
Oslo
the capital and a county municipality of Norway

Osmussaar pn
Osmussaar
Island in northwest Estonia

Osroene pn
Osroene
ancient kingdom

Ossetia /əˈsɛtiə/ /əˈsɛtɪə/ pn
Osetia
region in the Caucasus

Ossetian /ɑːˈseti.ən/ /ɒˈseti.ən/ adj
osetyjski
pertaining to Ossetia

Ossetian /ɑːˈseti.ən/ /ɒˈseti.ən/ n
Osetyjczyk Osetyjka
member of the people

Ossetian /ɑːˈseti.ən/ /ɒˈseti.ən/ pn
osetyjski
language

Ostrava pn
Ostrawa
city in the Czech Republic

Ostrogothic adj
ostrogocki
of or pertaining to the Visigoths

Ottawa /ˈɒtəwə/ pn
Ottawa
capital of Canada

Ottoman /ˈɑtəmən/ /ˈɒtəmən/ adj
osmański
of the Islamic empire of Turkey

Ottoman Empire /ˈɑtəmən ˈɛmpaɪɹ/ /ˈɒtəmən ˈɛmpaɪə/ pn
Imperium Osmańskie
Turkish empire

Ouagadougou /ˈwɑːɡəˈduːɡuː/ pn
Wagadugu
capital of Burkina Faso

Ouija /ˈwiːdʒə/ n
ouija
a board with letters of the alphabet and "yes" and "no"

Our Lady pn
Bogurodzica Matka Boża Nasza Pani
Virgin Mary

Our Lady of Sorrows pn
Matka Boska Bolesna Matka Boża Siedmiobolesna
the Virgin Mary in reference to her sorrows

Overijssel pn
Overijssel
province of the Netherlands

Ovid /ˈoʊvɪd/ pn
Owidiusz
Roman poet

Owston's tit n
sikora rdzawolica
Sittiparus owstoni

Oxford /ˈɑksfɚd/ /ˈɒksfəd/ /ˈɔːksfəd/ pn
Oksford
city

Oxfordian n
oksfordczyk oksfordka
native or resident of Oxford

Oxfordian pn
oksford
geologic age

P U interjection
fe fu fuj
response to an unpleasant scent

PS n
PS
addendum to a letter

Pacific adj
pacyficzny
related to the Pacific Ocean

Pacific Northwest pn
Wybrzeże Północno-Zachodnie
region of North America

Pacific Ocean pn
Ocean Spokojny Pacyfik Ocean Wielki
the world's largest body of water

Padishah /ˈpɑːdɪʃɑː/ n
padyszach
Padishah

Padua pn
Padwa
city
province

Paibian pn
Paib
subdivision of the Cambrian period

Pakistan /ˈpækɪsˌtæn/ /ˌpɑːkɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Pakistan
country in South Asia

Pakistani adj
pakistański
Of, from, or pertaining to Pakistan, or its people

Pakistani n
Pakistanka Pakistańczyk
A person from Pakistan or of Pakistani descent

Palace of Westminster pn
pałac Westminsterski
building in London housing the House of Commons and House of Lords

Palaic /pəˈleɪɪk/ adj
palajski
of or pertaining to Palaic language or its speakers

Palatine pn
Palatyn
hill of Rome

Palau /pəˈlaʊ/ pn
Palau Belau
Republic of Palau

Paleocene /ˌpeɪ.liː.əʊˈsiːn/ adj
paleoceński
of or pertaining to the Paleocene epoch

Paleocene /ˌpeɪ.liː.əʊˈsiːn/ pn
paleocen
geologic epoch

Paleogene adj
paleogeński
of period from 65 to 23 million years ago

Paleogene pn
paleogen
Paleogene period

Paleolithic /ˈpeɪl.ɪi.əʊˌlɪθ.ɪk/ /ˈpæl.ɪi.oʊˌlɪθ.ɪk/ n
paleolit
Old Stone Age

Paleoproterozoic pn
paleoproterozoik
era 2,500-1,600 Ma

Paleozoic adj
paleozoiczny

Paleozoic pn
era paleozoiczna paleozoik
Paleozoic era

Palestine /ˈpæləsˌtaɪn/ /ˈpæləsˌtiːn/ pn
Palestyna
West Bank and Gaza Strip collectively
geographic region
historical: former British Mandate
historical: former British entity

Palestinian adj
palestyński
of, from, or pertaining to Palestine and/or the Palestinian people

Palestinian n
Palestynka Palestyńczyk
inhabitant of Palestine or Arab of Palestinian descent

Pali /ˈpɑːli/ pn
pali
a Middle Indo-Aryan language

Pallas's gull n
orlica
Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus

Palm Sunday n
Niedziela Palmowa
Sunday before Easter

Palma pn
Palma Palma de Mallorca
city

Pamir pn
Pamir
mountain range

Pamplona /pæmˈploʊnə/ pn
Pamplona
city in Navarre of northern Spain

Pan pn
Pan
Greek god of nature

Pan-Slavism n
panslawizm
movement

Panama /ˈpæn.ə.mɑː/ pn
Panama
country

Panama Canal pn
Kanał Panamski
Canal

Panamanian /pænəˈmeɪni.ən/ adj
panamski
pertaining to Panama

Panamanian /pænəˈmeɪni.ən/ n
Panamczyk Panamka
person from Panama
panamczyk panamka
person from Panama City

Panchatantra pn
Pańćatantra
a collection of Sanskrit and Pali animal fables in verse and prose

Panchen Lama n
panczenlama
second-highest ranking lama of the Gelug sect of Tibetan Buddhism

Pandora /ˌpænˈdɔɹə/ pn
Pandora
Character in Greek mythology
Asteroid

Panevėžys pn
Poniewież
city in Lithuania

Pangaea /pænˈdʒiːə/ pn
Pangea
supercontinent prior to Triassic

Pannonia pn
Panonia
province of the Roman Empire

Panzerfaust n
pancerfaust panzerfaust
grenade launcher

Papua New Guinea /ˈpæp.u.ə ˌnu ˈɡɪn.i/ /ˈpæp.uː.ə ˌnjuː ˈɡɪn.i/ pn
Papua-Nowa Gwinea
country in Oceania

Paraguay /ˈpæɹ.ə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.ɡweɪ/ pn
Paragwaj
country in South America

Paraguayan adj
paragwajski
pertaining to Paraguay

Paraguayan n
Paragwajczyk Paragwajka
person from Paraguay

Paramaribo pn
Paramaribo
capital of Suriname

Paris /ˈpæɹ.ɪs/ /ˈpɛɹ.ɪs/ pn
Paryż
capital of France
cities in the U.S.
Parys Paryż
Trojan prince

Paris syndrome n
syndrom paryski
psychological disorder

Parisian /pəˈɹiʒən/ /pəˈɹɪzɪ.ən/ adj
paryski
of Paris

Parisian /pəˈɹiʒən/ /pəˈɹɪzɪ.ən/ n
paryżanin paryżanka
someone from Paris

Parkinson's disease n
choroba Parkinsona
Parkinson's disease

Parthia /ˈpɑɹθi.ə/ /ˈpɑːθi.ə/ pn
Partia
(historical) region

Parthian /ˈpɑɹθiən/ /ˈpɑːθɪən/ adj
partyjski
relating to Parthia

Parthian /ˈpɑɹθiən/ /ˈpɑːθɪən/ n
Part
person

Pashto /ˈpæʃtəʊ/ n
paszto
official language of Afghanistan

Pashtun adj
pasztuński
of or relating to the Pashtuns

Pashtun n
Pasztun
Pashtun person

Pashtunwali pn
pasztunwali
Pashtun tribal code of conduct

Passarge pn
Pasłęka
river in eastern Europe

Passionist n
pasjonista pasjonistka
member of a Roman Catholic institute with emphasis on the Passion

Passover pn
Pascha
Jewish festival

Patagonia pn
Patagonia
geographical region

Paul /pɑl/ /pɔl/ /pɔːl/ pn
Paweł
male given name
the Apostle

Paula /ˈpɑlə/ /ˈpɔːlə/ pn
Paulina
female given name

Paulson pn
Pawelowicz
surname meaning "son of Paul"

Pavia /pəˈvi.ə/ pn
Pawia
capital
province

Pavo pn
Paw
constellation of the southern sky

Pearl Harbor /ˌpɜːl ˈhɑːbə/ /ˌpɝ˞l ˈhɑɹbɚ/ pn
Pearl Harbor
a harbor on Oahu

Pegasus pn
Pegaz
constellation
mythical winged horse

Peking duck n
kaczka po pekińsku
dish consisting of duck and pancake

Pekingese n
pekińczyk
dog

Peloponnese /pɛləpəˈniːs/ pn
Peloponez
region of Greece

Pennsylvania /ˌpɛnsɪlˈveɪni.ə/ pn
Pensylwania
US state

Pennsylvanian adj
pensylwański
geology: of a Pennsylvanian epoch
of or pertaining to Pennsylvania

Pennsylvanian n
pensylwan
geology: Pennsylvanian epoch
Pensylwanka Pensylwańczyk
resident of Pennsylvania

Pentagon /ˈpɛntəɡɑn/ /ˈpɛntəɡən/ pn
Pentagon
headquarters of the United States of America's Department of Defense

Pentateuch /ˈpɛn.təˌtjuːk/ pn
Pentateuch Pięcioksiąg
first five books of the Bible

Pentecost /ˈpɛntɪkɑst/ /ˈpɛntɪkɒst/ /ˈpɛntɪkɔst/ pn
Pięćdziesiątnica Zielone Świątki Zesłanie Ducha Świętego
Christian festival
Pięćdziesiątnica Szawuot Zielone Świątki Święto Tygodni
Jewish festival

Pentecostalism n
pentekostalizm
Christian religious movement

People's Democratic Republic of Yemen pn
Ludowo-Demokratyczna Republika Jemenu
South Yemen

People's Republic of China pn
Chińska Republika Ludowa
official name of China

Pepsi /ˈpɛpsi/ n
pepsi
a portion of Pepsi

Pepsi /ˈpɛpsi/ pn
pepsi
the brand of drink

Pericles /ˈpɛɹɪkliːz/ pn
Perykles
Greek politician

Perioikoi /ˌpɛɹiˈɔɪkɔɪ/ n
periojkowie
ancient inhabitant of Laconia

Perm pn
Perm
city in Russia

Permian /ˈpəːmɪən/ adj
permski
pertaining to the Perm region and its inhabitants
pertaining to the Permian period
pertaining to the Permic languages

Permian /ˈpəːmɪən/ pn
perm
Permian period

Permic pn
języki permskie
group of Finnic languages

Persephone /pəˈsɛfəni/ /pɚˈsɛfəniː/ pn
Persefona
Greek goddess

Perseus /ˈpɜːsi.əs/ /ˈpɝsi.əs/ pn
Perseusz
mythical Greek warrior
constellation

Persia /ˈpɜː(ɹ).ʒə/ pn
Persja
region of ancient Iran

Persian /ˈpɜː.ʒən/ /ˈpɝʒən/ adj
perski
of or pertaining to the Persian language
of or pertaining to the Persian people
of, from, or pertaining to Persia

Persian /ˈpɜː.ʒən/ /ˈpɝʒən/ n
pers
Persian cat
Pers
person from Persia
perski
the Persian language

Persian Gulf /ˌpɜːʒən ˈɡʌlf/ /ˌpɝʒən ˈɡʌlf/ pn
Zatoka Perska
gulf between Iran and the Arabian peninsula

Perth /pɜːθ/ /pɝθ/ pn
Perth
city in Scotland
city in Western Australia

Peru /pəˈɹuː/ /ˈpɪəɹuː/ pn
Peru
country in South America

Peruvian /pəˈɹuːvi.ən/ adj
peruwiański
pertaining to Peru

Peruvian /pəˈɹuːvi.ən/ n
Peruwianka Peruwiańczyk
person from Peru

Peruvian slaty antshrike n
chronka zmienna
bird

Peshawar pn
Peszawar
capital of North West Frontier Province, Pakistan

Peter /ˈpitɚ/ /ˈpiːtə/ pn
Piotr
male given name
the Apostle
List Piotra Piotr
one of the epistles of Peter

Peterson /ˈpitɚsən/ pn
Pietrowicz
surname meaning "son of Peter"

Petey pn
Piotrek Piotruś
diminutive of Peter

Petrarchan sonnet n
sonet Petrarki sonet włoski
type of sonnet

Petrarchism n
petrarkizm
Petrarch's literary style

Petrine adj
Piotrowy
Of or pertaining to people named Peter, particularly Saint Peter

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky pn
Pietropawłowsk Kamczacki
city in Russia

Petrovich pn
Pietrowicz
Russian patronymic

Petrozavodsk pn
Pietrozawodsk
city in Russia

Phaistos /ˈfɛstɒs/ pn
Fajstos
ancient Minoan city in southern Crete

Phanariote adj
fanariota
inhabitant of Fener

Phanerozoic adj
fanerozoiczny
relating to the Phanerozoic eon

Phanerozoic pn
fanerozoik
geologic eon

Philadelphia /fɪləˈdɛlfi.ə/ [fɪɫəˈdɜɫfi.ə] pn
Filadelfia
largest city in Pennsylvania

Philemon /ˈfɪləmən/ /ˌfaɪˈliːmɒn/ pn
List do Filemona
book of the Bible
Filemon List do Filemona
male given name

Philip /ˈfɪləp/ /ˈfɪlɪp/ pn
Filip
male given name
biblical persons

Philippians pn
List do Filipian
book of the Bible

Philippine Sea pn
Morze Filipińskie
sea

Philippine eagle n
małpożer
species of eagle endemic to the Philippines

Philippines /ˈfɪlɪpinz/ pn
Filipiny
Republic of the Philippines

Philistine /ˈfɪl.ɪ.staɪn/ adj
filistyński
of or pertaining to the Philistines

Philistine /ˈfɪl.ɪ.staɪn/ n
Filistyn
person from Philistia
filister
person lacking appreciation of culture

Phobos /ˈfoʊbəs/ pn
Fobos
mythology

Phoenicia /fəˈnɪʃɪə/ pn
Fenicja
land of the Phoenicians

Phoenician /fəˈniːʃən/ adj
fenicki
of, from, or related to the country or civilisation of Phoenicia

Phoenician /fəˈniːʃən/ n
Fenicjanin Fenicjanka
inhabitant of Phoenicia

Phoenician /fəˈniːʃən/ pn
fenicki
Semitic language spoken by the inhabitants of Phoenicia

Phoenix /ˈfiːnɪks/ pn
Phoenix
capital city of Arizona, United States
Feniks
constellation
mythical firebird

Phrygia /ˈfɹɪdʒ.i.ə/ pn
Frygia
ancient kingdom

Phrygian /ˈfɹɪdʒɪən/ adj
frygijski
of or relating to Phrygia, its people or their culture

Phrygian /ˈfɹɪdʒɪən/ n
Frygijczyk Frygijka
native or inhabitant of Phrygia

Phrygian /ˈfɹɪdʒɪən/ pn
frygijski
language

Phrygian cap n
czapka frygijska czapka wolności
conical close-fitting cap with the top bent forward

Pi Day /ˈpaɪ deɪ/ pn
Dzień Liczby Pi
March 14th, an annual celebration of the mathematical constant π (pi)

Piacenzian pn
piacent
subdivision of the Pliocene epoch

Piarist n
pijar
member of the Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools

Picardy pn
Pikardia
region of France

Pict /pɪkt/ n
Pikt
member of an ancient people of northern and central Scotland

Pictish adj
piktyjski
pertaining to the Picts

Pictor pn
Malarz
constellation

Piedmont /ˈpiːdmɒnt/ pn
Piemont
region

Piedmontese /ˌpiːdmɒnˈtiːz/ adj
piemoncki
of, from, or relating to Piedmont

Piedmontese /ˌpiːdmɒnˈtiːz/ n
Piemontczyk Piemontka
inhabitant

Piedmontese /ˌpiːdmɒnˈtiːz/ pn
język piemoncki piemoncki
language

Pijin /ˈpɪdʒɪn/ pn
neosalomoński
language

Pilate /ˈpaɪlət/ pn
Piłat
Pontius Pilate

Pilsen pn
Pilzno
city in the Czech Republic

Pinocchian adj
pinokiowski
of or relating to Pinocchio

Pinocchio /pɪˈnoʊki.oʊ/ /pɪˈnəʊkjəʊ/ pn
Pinokio
fairy tale
protagonist

Pinsk pn
Pińsk
city in Belarus

Piraeus pn
Pireus
city

Pirandellian /ˌpɪɹənˈdɛlɪ.ən/ adj
pirandellowski
characteristic of the works of Luigi Pirandello

Pisa pn
Piza
city in Italy

Pisces /ˈpaɪsiːz/ pn
Ryby
astrological sign
constellation

Piscis Austrinus pn
Południowa Ryba
constellation

Planck's constant n
stała Plancka
constant

Plato /ˈpleɪ.toʊ/ /ˈpleɪ.təʊ/ pn
Platon
Greek philosopher

PlayStation n
PlayStation
series of video game consoles

Pleiades /ˈplaɪədiːz/ /ˈpliːədiːz/ pn
Plejady
Greek mythology
astronomy

Pleistocene /ˈplaɪstəˌsiːn, -toʊ-/ adj
plejstoceński
of the Pleistocene epoch

Pleistocene /ˈplaɪstəˌsiːn, -toʊ-/ pn
plejstocen
(geology) the Pleistocene epoch

Pliensbachian pn
pliensbach
a subdivision of the Jurassic period

Pliny /ˈplɪni/ pn
Pliniusz
Roman praenomen

Pliocene adj
plioceński
of the Pliocene epoch

Pliocene pn
pliocen
geology, the Pliocene epoch

Plutarch /ˈplu.tɑɹk/ /ˈpluː.tɑːk/ pn
Plutarch
Greek historian

Pluto /ˈplutoʊ/ /ˈpluːtəʊ/ pn
Pluton
Kuiper belt object - a dwarf planet
god

Pluviôse /ˈpluvioʊs/ /ˈpluːvɪəʊs/ pn
pluviôse
the fifth month of the French Republican Calendar

Po pn
Pad
longest river in Italy

Po valley pn
Nizina Padańska
large plain in northern Italy

Podgorica /ˌpɒdɡəˈɹɪtsa/ pn
Podgorica
capital city of Montenegro

Podhale pn
Podhale
Poland's southernmost region

Podolia pn
Podole

Podunk pn
Pcim Dolny Pipidówka
mythical small town of no importance

Polabian pn
język połabski
West Slavic language

Polack /ˈpoʊlɑk/ /ˈpəʊlæk/ n
polaczek
derogatory: Polish person

Poland /ˈpoʊ.lənd/ /ˈpəʊ.lənd/ pn
Polska
European country

Polaris /pɔʊˈlɑɹɪs/ pn
Gwiazda Polarna Polaris
star

Pole /poʊl/ /pəʊl/ n
Polak Polka
person from Poland

Polish /ˈpoʊlɪʃ/ /ˈpəʊlɪʃ/ adj
polski
of Poland or its language

Polish /ˈpoʊlɪʃ/ /ˈpəʊlɪʃ/ n
język polski polszczyzna
the language of Poland

Polish People's Republic pn
Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa
former country

Polish notation n
Notacja polska
notation for arithmetic formulae

Polish plait n
kołtun
medical condition

Polish studies n
filologia polska polonistyka
academic discipline

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth pn
Rzeczpospolita Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
confederation of Poland and Lithuania

Polishness n
polskość
quality of being Polish

Polonism n
polonizm
word or phrase characteristic of the Polish language

Polonization n
polonizacja spolszczenie
Polonization

Poltava pn
Połtawa
city

Polynesia /pɒləˈniːzi.ə/ /ˌpɑːləˈniːʒə/ pn
Polinezja
part of Oceania

Polynesian adj
polinezyjski
of, from, or pertaining to Polynesia

Polynesian n
Polinezyjczyk Polinezyjka
person from Polynesia

Pomerania pn
Pomorze
region of Europe on the southern shores of the Baltic Sea

Pomeranian adj
pomorski
of, or relative to Pomerania

Pompeii /pɑːmˈpeɪi/ /pɒmˈpeɪi/ pn
Pompeje
a historical city

Pontus /ˈpɑːntəs/ /ˈpɒntəs/ pn
Pont
a region on the southern coast of the Black Sea

Pooh /puː/ pn
Puchatek
short for Winnie the Pooh

Poohsticks pn
misie-patysie
game

Popemobile n
papamobile
any of various vehicles with bulletproof glass sides used to transport the Pope

Poroshenko pn
Poroszenko
Ukrainian surname

Porsche /ˈpɔɹʃ/ /ˈpɔːʃ/ n
porsche
car of this brand

Port Louis pn
Port Louis
The capital of Mauritius

Portugal /ˈpɔɹt͡ʃəɡəl/ /ˈpɔːt͡ʃəɡəl/ pn
Portugalia
country

Portuguese /ˈpɔɹ.t͡ʃə.ɡiz/ /ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/ adj
portugalski
of or relating to the region of Portugal
of or relating to the Portuguese language
of or relating to the people of Portugal

Portuguese /ˈpɔɹ.t͡ʃə.ɡiz/ /ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/ n
Portugalczyk Portugalka portugalski
person native to Portugal
portugalski
the language

Portuguese Republic pn
Republika Portugalska
official name of Portugal

Portuguese Water Dog /ˌpɔɹtʃəɡiːz ˈwɔtɚ dɔɡ/ /ˌpɔːtʃəɡiːz ˈwɔːtə dɒɡ/ n
portugalski pies dowodny portugalski pies wodny
Portuguese Water Dog

Portuguese man-of-war n
aretuza bąbelnica bąbelcowa żeglarz portugalski
Physalia physalis

Portugueseness n
portugalskość
quality

Poseidon /pəˈsaɪdn̩/ pn
Posejdon
the god of the sea

Potsdam /ˈpɑtsdæm/ /ˈpɒtsdæm/ pn
Poczdam
city

Poznan pn
Poznań
city in Poland

Praetorian n
pretorianin
member of that force

Pragian pn
Prag
a subdivision of the Devonian period

Prague /pɹɑːɡ/ pn
Praga
capital of the Czech Republic

Prairial /pɹɛɹˈjɑl/ /ˈpɹɛːɹɪ.əl/ pn
prairial
the ninth month of French Republican Calendar

Prancer pn
Pyszałek
reindeer of Santa Claus

Prangli pn
Prangli
island

Presbyterian /ˌpɹez.bɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/ /ˌpɹɛz.bɪˈtɪəɹ.ɪ.ən/ adj
prezbiteriański
relating to the Presbyterian Church

Presbyterian /ˌpɹez.bɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/ /ˌpɹɛz.bɪˈtɪəɹ.ɪ.ən/ n
prezbiterianin prezbiterianka
person belonging to the Presbyterian Church

Presbyterianism n
prezbiterianizm
form of Protestantism

Prešov pn
Preszów
City in Slovakia

Priabonian pn
Priabon
subdivision of the Eocene epoch

Primorsky Krai pn
Kraj Nadmorski
federal subject of Russia

Prince Charming n
książę z bajki
romantically ideal man

Prince Edward Island pn
Wyspa Księcia Edwarda
Province in eastern Canada

Prince of Wales pn
książę Walii
royal title

Pripyat pn
Prypeć
abandoned city in Ukraine

Pristina pn
Prisztina
city

Prohibition pn
prohibicja
period

Prometheus /pɹoʊˈmiθi.əs/ /pɹəˈmiːθi.əs/ pn
Prometeusz
Greek mythological figure

Proterozoic pn
proterozoik
eon 2,500-541 Ma

Protestant /ˈpɹɑtɪstənt/ /ˈpɹɒtɪstənt/ adj
protestancki
pertaining to these denominatons

Protestant /ˈpɹɑtɪstənt/ /ˈpɹɒtɪstənt/ n
protestant protestantka
someone who is a member of such a denomination

Protestantism /ˈpɹɑtɪstəntɪzəm/ /ˈpɹɒtɪstəntɪzəm/ n
protestantyzm
faith

Proto-Germanic pn
pragermański
hypothetical prehistoric ancestor language

Proto-Indo-European /ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/ /ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/ adj
praindoeuropejski
pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it

Proto-Indo-European /ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/ /ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/ n
Praindoeuropejczyk
person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language

Proto-Indo-European /ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/ /ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/ pn
praindoeuropejski
ancestor language of most European and Indian languages

Proto-Slavic adj
prasłowiański
of or pertaining to Proto-Slavic language or people who spoke it

Proto-Slavic pn
język prasłowiański prasłowiańszczyzna
Proto-Slavic

Proustian /ˈpɹusti.ən/ /ˈpɹuːstɪ.ən/ adj
proustowski
reminiscent of Marcel Proust or his works

Provence pn
Prowansja
region in France

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur pn
Prowansja-Alpy-Lazurowe Wybrzeże
region of France

Provençal /ˌpɹɒvɑːnˈsɑːl/ pn
prowansalski
language spoken in Provence

Proverbs pn
Księga Przysłów
book of the Bible

Provo pn
Provo
city in Utah

Prudence pn
Prudencja
female given name

Prudnik pn
Prudnik
city in southern Poland

Prussia /ˈpɹʌʃə/ pn
Prusy
former German province
geographical area
former Baltic country

Prussian /ˈpɹʌ.ʃən/ adj
pruski
of Prussia

Prussian /ˈpɹʌ.ʃən/ pn
pruski
language

Przemyśl pn
Przemyśl
a city in south-eastern Poland

Przewalski's horse n
koń Przewalskiego
Equus ferus przewalskii

Psalms pn
Księga Psalmów
book of the Bible

Pskov pn
Psków
a city in Russia

Pskovian adj
Pskowscy Pskowska Pskowski Pskowskie Pskowsko
of or pertaining to Pskov

Ptolemy /ˈtɑləmi/ /ˈtɒləmi/ pn
Ptolemeusz
name of Greek origin

Puerto Rico /ˌpwɛəɹtoʊˈɹikoʊ/ /ˌpɔɹtəˈɹikoʊ/ pn
Portoryko Puerto Rico
Caribbean Commonwealth

Punjab /pʌnˈdʒɑːb/ pn
Pendżab
geographical region in South Asia

Punjabi /pʊnˈdʒɑːbi/ /pʌnˈdʒɑːbi/ adj
pendżabski
of, pertaining to, descended from the people or culture of the Punjab, or written in the Punjabi language

Punjabi /pʊnˈdʒɑːbi/ /pʌnˈdʒɑːbi/ n
pańdżabi pendżabski
language spoken in the Punjab region, in Northern India and eastern Pakistan
Pendżabczyk Pendżabka
resident of or immigrant from the Punjab

Puppis pn
Rufa
constellation

Purgatory pn
czyściec
intermediate state after physical death

Puritanism n
purytanizm
practices of the Puritans

Pushkin pn
Puszkin
Russian surname

Puss in Boots pn
Kot w butach
fairy tale

Putin /ˈpuː.tɪn/ pn
Putin
surname

Pyongyang pn
Pjongjang Phenian
capital of North Korea

Pyrenean /ˌpɪɹəˈniːən/ adj
pirenejski
of or pertaining to the Pyrenees

Pyrenees pn
Pireneje
the mountain range separating Spain from France

Pyrrhic victory /ˌpɪɹ.ɪk ˈvɪk.t(ə)ɹ.i/ n
pyrrusowe zwycięstwo
a costly victory

Pythagoras /paɪˈθæɡ.əɹ.əs/ /pɪˈθæɡ.əɹ.əs/ pn
Pitagoras
Ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher

Pythagorean trigonometric identity n
jedynka trygonometryczna
statement that sum of squares of sine and cosine equals one

Pyxis pn
Kompas
constellation

Pärnu pn
Parnawa
city in Estonia

Père David's tit n
sikora cynamonowa
Poecile davidi

Q n
D
playing card

Q.E.D. /ˌkjuˌiˈdi/ /ˌkjuːiːˈdiː/ phraseologicalUnit
c.b.d.o. c.b.d.u.

Qatar /ˈkæˌtɑɹ/ pn
Katar
a country in the Middle East

Qatari /ˌkəˈtɑːɹ.i/ adj
katarski
of, from, or pertaining to Qatar or the Qatari people

Qatari /ˌkəˈtɑːɹ.i/ n
Katarczyk Katarka
person from Qatar or of Qatari descent

Quaker /ˈkweɪkɚ/ n
kwakier
believer of the Quaker faith

Quaternary pn
czwartorzęd
geological period

Quebec /kwɪˈbɛk/ pn
Quebec
city

Quechua /ˈkɛtʃwə/ pn
keczua
language

Quechuan adj
keczuański kiczuański
of or pertaining to the Quechua people or language

Quentin /ˈkwɛntɪn/ pn
Kwintyn
male given name

Quenya /ˈkwɛnjə/ pn
quenya
constructed language

Quidditch /ˈkwɪdɪtʃ/ n
quidditch
fictitious ball game

Quito /ˈkitoʊ/ pn
Quito
capital of Ecuador

Qur'an /kəˈɹɑn/ /kəˈɹɑːn/ pn
Koran
the Islamic holy book

RFID n
RFID
radio-frequency identification (initialism)

RIP /ɑː(ɹ) aɪ ˈpiː/ interjection
śp.
abbreviation: rest in peace

RNA n
RNA
abbreviation of ribonucleic acid

RPG n
zbiórki na mecz
basketball: rebounds per game
RPG granatnik przeciwpancerny
rocket-propelled grenade
RPG erpeg gra fabularna gra wyobraźni rolplej
role-playing game

RPN n
ONP
reverse Polish notation

RSS feed n
kanał RSS

Rabinowitz pn
Rabinowicz
Rabinowitz

Rachel /ˈɹeɪt͡ʃəl/ pn
Rachela
younger daughter of Laban

Racibórz pn
Racibórz
city in Poland

Rajasthani pn
radżastański
Rajasthani language

Raków /ˈɹækuːf/ pn
Raków
Polish town 1569–1869 and village 1869–present, important centre of Socinianism in the 16th–17th CC.
gmina wiejska in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland

Ralph /ɹeɪf/ /ɹælf/ pn
Rudolf
male given name

Ramadan /ɹæməˈdɑːn/ pn
ramadan
holy ninth month of Islamic lunar calendar

Ramesses pn
Ramzes
name of pharaohs

Ranchi pn
Ranchi
capital of Jharkhand, India

Randstad pn
Randstad
a conurbation in the Netherlands

Raphael /ɹɑ.fɑɪˈɛl/ /ˈɹæ.feɪ.ɛl/ pn
Rafał
Archangel
given name

Rapunzel /ɹəˈpʌnzəl/ pn
Roszpunka
a German fairy tale
the main character of that tale

Ravenna pn
Rawenna
city
province

Red Army man n
czerwonoarmista
the lowest military rank of the Red Army

Red Crescent pn
Czerwony Półksiężyc
branch of the Red Cross

Red Cross pn
Czerwony Krzyż
Red Cross

Red Sea pn
Morze Czerwone
sea between Africa and Arabia

Red Square pn
Plac Czerwony
Moscow square

Regensburg pn
Ratyzbona
city in Germany

Reich /ɹaɪx/ n
rzesza imperium
a German empire or nation

Renaissance /ɹəˈneɪsəns/ /ˈɹenɘˌsɔns/ /ˈɹɛnəˌsɑːns/ adj
renesansowy
relating to the Renaissance
relating to the style of the Renaissance

Renaissance /ɹəˈneɪsəns/ /ˈɹenɘˌsɔns/ /ˈɹɛnəˌsɑːns/ pn
Odrodzenie Renesans
14th century revival
the period
odrodzenie renesans
any similar revival

Renata pn
Renata
female given name

Republic of Albania pn
Republika Albanii
Official name of Albania

Republic of Armenia pn
Republika Armenii
official name of Armenia

Republic of Austria pn
Republika Austrii
official name of Austria

Republic of Bulgaria pn
Republika Bułgarii
official name of Bulgaria

Republic of Croatia pn
Republika Chorwacji
official name of Croatia

Republic of Estonia pn
Republika Estońska
official name of Estonia

Republic of Finland pn
Republika Finlandii
official full name of Finland

Republic of Hungary pn
Republika Węgierska
former official name of Hungary

Republic of Ireland pn
Republika Irlandii
country

Republic of Korea pn
Republika Korei
country

Republic of Latvia pn
Republika Łotewska
Official name of Latvia

Republic of Lithuania pn
Republika Litewska
Official name of Lithuania

Republic of Macedonia pn
Republika Macedonii
Republic of Macedonia

Republic of North Macedonia pn
Republika Macedonii Północnej
Republic of North Macedonia

Republic of Poland pn
Rzeczpospolita Polska
official name of Poland

Republic of Serbia pn
Republika Serbii
official name of Serbia

Republic of Slovenia pn
Republika Słowenii
official name of Slovenia

Republic of Turkey pn
Republika Turcji
official name of the country of Turkey

Republic of the Congo pn
Republika Konga
country

Republican n
republikanin
supporter of the Republican Party of the U.S.

Resurrection pn
rezurekcja zmartwychwstanie
resurrection of Jesus

Reticulum pn
Sieć
small constellation of the southern summer sky

Revelation pn
Apokalipsa
book of Bible

Reverend /ˈɹɛvɹənd/ n
wielebny
honorary title added to the names of Christian clergy

Reykjavik /ˈɹɛk.jə.vɪk/ pn
Rejkiawik Reykjavik
capital of Iceland

Rhea pn
Rea Reja
goddess
moon

Rhine /ɹaɪn/ pn
Ren
river that flows through Europe

Rhineland /ˈɹaɪnlænd/ /ˈɹɑinland/ pn
Nadrenia
land on both sides of the river Rhine

Rhineland-Palatinate pn
Nadrenia-Palatynat
state

Rhodes /ɹoʊdz/ /ɹəʊdz/ pn
Rodos
island

Rhodopes pn
Rodopy
mountain range in Southeastern Europe

Rhone pn
Rodan
river

Rhuddanian pn
Rhuddan
subdivision of the Silurian period

Richard /ˈɹɪtʃ.əd/ /ˈɹɪtʃ.ɝd/ pn
Ryszard
male given name

Richter scale pn
skala Richtera
logarithmic scale

Riga pn
Ryga
capital of Latvia

Rigan adj
ryski
from Riga

Rigan n
ryżanin ryżanka
someone from Riga

Rigel /ˈɹaɪdʒəl/ pn
Rigel
star

Riksmål n
riksmål
a variety of Norwegian

Rimini pn
Rimini
a resort town in Italy
province of Italy

Rivne pn
Równe
city

Riyadh pn
Rijad
capital of Saudi Arabia

Roadian pn
road
subdivision of the Permian period

Robert /ˈɹɑb.əɹt/ /ˈɹɒb.ət/ pn
Robert
given name

Roberta pn
Roberta
female given name

Rocco pn
Roch
male given name

Rocky Mountains pn
Góry Skaliste
mountain range

Roger /ˈɹɑdʒɚ/ /ˈɹɒdʒə/ pn
Roger
male given name

Rojava pn
Rożawa
region in northern and northeastern Syria

Roland pn
Roland
male given name

Rom /ɹoʊm/ /ɹəʊm/ n
Cygan Cyganka Rom Romka
a member of the Romani people

Roma pn
Romowie
the Romani people

Romaine lettuce n
sałata rzymska
Lactuca sativa longifolia

Roman /ˈɹoʊmən/ /ˈɹəʊm.ən/ adj
rzymski
of or from Rome
of or from the Roman Empire

Roman /ˈɹoʊmən/ /ˈɹəʊm.ən/ n
Rzymianin Rzymianka
a native or inhabitant of the Roman Empire
rzymianin rzymianka
a native or resident of Rome
łacinka
the Roman script

Roman /ˈɹoʊmən/ /ˈɹəʊm.ən/ pn
Roman
male given name

Roman Catholic adj
rzymskokatolicki
of or pertaining to the Roman Catholic Church

Roman Empire /ˈɹoʊmən ˈɛmpaɪɚ/ /ˈɹəʊmən ˈɛmpaɪə/ pn
Cesarstwo Rzymskie Imperium Rzymskie
ancient Latin empire

Roman numeral n
cyfra rzymska
numeral represented by letters

Romance adj
romański
of or dealing with languages or cultures derived from Roman influence and Latin

Romanesque /ˌɹoʊməˈnɛsk/ /ˌɹəʊməˈnɛsk/ adj
romański
Applied to the debased style of the later Roman empire

Romani /ɹoˈmɑ.ni/ /ˈɹo.mə.ni/ pn
język cygański język romski romani
language

Romania /ɹoˈmeɪˌni.ə/ /ɹoˈmɪˌni.ə/ pn
Rumunia
South-Eastern European country

Romanian /ɹoʊˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹoˈmɪ.ni.ən/ adj
rumuński
of or relating to Romania, its people, or language

Romanian /ɹoʊˈmeɪ.ni.ən/ /ɹoˈmɪ.ni.ən/ n
Rumun Rumunka
native of Romania
rumuński
official language of Romania

Romanization n
latynizacja
putting text into the Latin (Roman) alphabet

Romans /ˈɹoʊmənz/ /ˈɹəʊmənz/ pn
List do Rzymian
30th sura of the Qur'an
book of the Bible

Rome /ɹoʊm/ /ɹum/ /ɹəʊm/ pn
Rzym
city

Rome wasn't built in a day proverb
nie od razu Kraków zbudowano nie od razu Rzym zbudowano
it takes a long time to create something complicated or impressive

Romeo n
casanova donżuan romeo żigolak
man who is a great lover

Romeo pn
Romeo
character in Romeo and Juliet

Rorschach test /ˈɹɔɹˌʃæk tɛst/ n
test Rorschacha test plam atramentowych
method of psychological evaluation that uses subject's interpretations of inkblots

Rose pn
Róża
female given name

Rosetta Stone pn
Kamień z Rosetty
large inscribed stone

Ross's gull n
mewa różowa
Rhodostethia rosea

Rostov pn
Rostów
Rostov Veliky, Yaroslavl oblast, Russia

Rostov-na-Donu pn
Rostów nad Donem
a city in Russia

Rotterdammer n
rotterdamczyk rotterdamka
person from Rotterdam

Round Table pn
Okrągły Stół
King Arthur's table

Roxana pn
Roksana
female given name

Rubik's cube n
kostka Rubika
cubical mechanical puzzle

Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer pn
Rudolf Czerwononosy
the red-nosed reindeer

Ruhr Area pn
Zagłębie Ruhry
area in Germany

Rupelian pn
Rupel
subdivision of the Oligocene epoch

Rus /ɹuːs/ pn
Ruś
any of the medieval East Slavic principalities
medieval East Slavic state
people

Rusian adj
ruski
from or related to the medieval state of Kievan Rus
ruski staroruski
related to the Rus (people)

Russia /ˈɹʌʃə/ pn
Rosja Moskwa
country in Asia and Europe

Russian /ˈɹʌʃ(ə)n/ adj
ruski staroruski
of or pertaining to Rus
rosyjski ruski
of or pertaining to Russia

Russian /ˈɹʌʃ(ə)n/ n
rosyjski ruski ruszczyzna
Russian (language)
Rosjanin Rosjanka
ethnic Russian
Rosjanin Rosjanka Rusek Ruski
person from Russia

Russian Blue n
kot rosyjski niebieski
cat breed

Russian Federation pn
Federacja Rosyjska
alternative formal name of Russia

Russian Orthodox Church pn
Rosyjski Kościół Prawosławny
one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian churches

Russian doll n
matrioszka
wooden doll

Russian roulette pn
rosyjska ruletka
deadly game with revolver and random spinning

Russian studies n
rusycystyka
academic discipline

Russianism n
rusycyzm
a word or other feature originating in the Russian language

Russianness n
rosyjskość
quality of being Russian

Russification n
rusyfikacja
process of making anything Russian

Russki /ˈɹʌs.ki/ n
kacap ruski Rusek kacapka moskal moskalka
alternative term for Russian (derogatory)

Russo- prefix
rosyjsko-
relating to Russia or Russian

Russophone adj
rosyjskojęzyczny
Russian-speaking

Rusyn n
Rusin Rusnak Ruśniak
member of a people

Ruth /ɹuːθ/ pn
Księga Rut
book of the Bible
Rut Księga Rut
female given name

Ruthenia pn
Ruś
alternative name of Rus

Ruy Lopez n
partia hiszpańska
a common chess opening

Rwanda /ɹuˈɑndə/ /ɹuːˈændə/ pn
Rwanda Ruanda
country

Ryazan pn
Riazań
city in Russia

Rzeczpospolita /ʒɛt͡ʃˌpɒspəˈlaɪtə/ pn
Rzeczpospolita
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Réunion pn
Reunion
Overseas department of France

Rügen pn
Rugia
Germany’s largest island

Rēzekne pn
Rzeżyca
city in Latvia

S-train n
szybka kolej miejska
hybrid, rapid urban railway

SIM card n
karta SIM
small, removable card which stores mobile phone data

SME n
MŚP
Small and Medium-sized Enterprise

SMS n
SMS esemes
a text message sent on a cell phone

SMS v
esemesować
to send a message on a cell phone

SNAFU /snæˈfuː/ /snæːˈfuː/ n
obsuwa potknięcie wpadka
major glitch or breakdown
bałagan burdel rozpierducha sajgon
ridiculously chaotic situation

SSR n
SRR
Soviet Socialist Republic

Saar pn
Saara
river in France and Germany

Saarland pn
Saara
state

Sabbath /ˈsæbəθ/ n
szabat sabat szabas
Jewish Saturday
sabat
witches' Sabbath

Sacher torte /ˈsɑkɚˌtɔɹt/ /ˈzaxəˌtɔːtə/ n
tort Sachera
type of chocolate torte

Sagitta pn
Strzała
constellation

Sagittarius /sædʒɪˈtɛəɹɪəs/ /sædʒɪˈtɛɹɪəs/ pn
Strzelec
astrological sign
constellation

Sahara /səˈhɑːɹə/ /səˈhɛəɹə/ pn
Sahara
desert

Saharan adj
saharyjski
related to the Sahara desert

Saigon /saɪˈɡɒn/ pn
Sajgon
former name of Ho Chi Minh City

Saint /seɪnt/ /sənt/ n
Święta Święty
title given to a saint

Saint Andrew's cross n
krzyż świętego Andrzeja
cross that has a form of two intersecting oblique bars

Saint Barbara pn
Święta Barbara
saint

Saint George pn
Święty Jerzy
Patron saint of England and several other places

Saint Helena /seɪnt həˈliːnə/ pn
Święta Helena
island in the Atlantic Ocean

Saint Kitts and Nevis /seɪnt ˌkɪts ænd ˈniː.vɪs/ pn
Saint Kitts i Nevis Saint Christopher i Nevis
a country in the Caribbean

Saint Lawrence River pn
Rzeka Świętego Wawrzyńca
river

Saint Lucia /seɪnt ˈluː.ʃə/ pn
Saint Lucia
country in the Caribbean

Saint Mary pn
Święta Maria
the mother of Jesus Christ

Saint Nicholas pn
Święty Mikołaj
4th-century Greek bishop, patron of children and marines

Saint Petersburg /sənt ˈpiːtə(r)zˌbɜː(r)ɡ/ pn
Sankt Petersburg Petersburg
city in Russia

Saint Pierre and Miquelon pn
Saint-Pierre i Miquelon
overseas territory of France

Saint Valentine's Day pn
walentynki
Saint Valentine's Day

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines /seɪnt ˈvɪnt.sənt ænd ðə ˌɡɹɛn.əˈdiːnz/ pn
Saint Vincent i Grenadyny
country in the Caribbean

Saint-Denis pn
Saint-Denis
administrative capital of Réunion

Saiph pn
Saif
a blue star in the constellation Orion

Sakhalin /ˌsækəˈliːn/ pn
Sachalin
island in Russia

Sakmarian pn
sakmar
subdivision of the Permian period

Salafism n
salafizm
a Sunni Islamic movement

Salekhard pn
Salechard
city in Russia

Salvadoran adj
salwadorski
of or pertaining to El Salvador

Salé pn
Sala
city near Rabat

Samara pn
Samara
city in Russia

Samaritan /səˈmæɹɪtən/ /səˈmɛɹɪtən/ adj
samarytański
of or relating to Samaria or the Samaritans

Samaritan /səˈmæɹɪtən/ /səˈmɛɹɪtən/ n
Samarytanin Samarytanka
a native or inhabitant of Samaria

Samarkand /ˈsæmə(ɹ)kænd/ pn
Samarkanda
city in Uzbekistan

Sami n
Laponka Lapończyk
member of indigenous people of Lapland

Sami pn
język lapoński
any of the languages of the Sami

Samland pn
Sambia
peninsula which juts into the Baltic

Sammarinese adj
sanmaryński
of, or pertaining to, San Marino

Sammarinese n
Sanmarynka Sanmaryńczyk
someone from San Marino

Samogitia pn
Żmudź
Samogitia

Samogitian adj
żmudzki
Of, from, or pertaining to the region of Samogitia, or its people

Samogitian n
Żmudzin Żmudzinka
a person from Samogitia

Samogitian pn
żmudzki
Baltic language spoken in Samogitia

Samos /ˈseɪ.mɒs/ pn
Samos
a prefecture in the eastern part of the Aegean
an island belonging to the Sporades and a city

Samosata /səˈmɒsətə/ pn
Samosata
city in Commagene

Samothrace pn
Samotraka
island

Samsung /ˈsæm.sʌŋ/ pn
Samsung
South Korean conglomerate company

Samuel /ˈsæmjuəl/ pn
Samuel Księga Samuela
biblical person
male given name
Księga Samuela Samuel
book of the Bible

San pn
San
river

San Marino /ˌsæn məˈɹi.noʊ/ /ˌsæn məˈɹiː.nəʊ/ pn
San Marino
Republic of San Marino
capital city

San Sebastián /ˌsæn ˌsɛbəsˈtjɑːn/ pn
San Sebastian San Sebastián
coastal city of Spain

Sana'a pn
Sana
capital of Yemen

Sandbian pn
Sandb
subdivision of the Ordovician period

Sango pn
sango
language

Sanskrit /ˈsænskɹɪt/ n
sanskryt Sanskryt
language

Santa Claus /ˈsæn.təˌklɑz/ /ˈsæn.təˌklɔːz/ /ˈsæːn.təˌkloːz/ pn
Święty Mikołaj
fictional figure

Santo Domingo pn
Santo Domingo
the capital city of the Dominican Republic

Santonian pn
Santon
subdivision of the Late Cretaceous epoch

Santorini /ˌsantɒˈɹiːnɪ/ /ˌsæntəˈɹini/ pn
Santoryn
Greek island

Sappho pn
Safona
Greek female name

Saracen /ˈsæɹəˌsən/ n
Saracen
Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades
member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE

Sarah /ˈsɛɹə/ /ˈsɛːɹə/ pn
Sara
the wife of Abraham

Sarajevan adj
sarajewski
of, from, or pertaining to, Sarajevo

Sarajevan n
sarajewianin sarajewianka
someone from Sarajevo

Sarajevo /ˌsɑɹəˈjeɪvəʊ/ pn
Sarajewo
city

Saransk pn
Sarańsk
city in Russia

Saratov pn
Saratów
city

Sardinia /sɑɹˈdɪniə/ /sɑːˈdɪnɪə/ pn
Sardynia
island of Italy

Sardinian adj
sardyński
relating to Sardinia

Sardinian n
Sardynka Sardyńczyk
person from Sardinia

Sardinian pn
język sardyński sardyński
language

Sarmatism /ˈsɑɹmətɪzəm/ /ˈsɑːmətɪzəm/ n
sarmatyzm
belief that the people of the Polish Commonwealth descended from the ancient Sarmatians

Satan /ˈseɪtən/ pn
Szatan
the Devil

Satanism /ˈseɪtənɪzm/ n
satanizm
a religion founded by Anton Szandor LaVey
devil worship

Satanist n
satanista satanistka
one who identifies with Satanism
one who worships Satan or worships self

Saturday /ˈsatədeɪ/ /ˈsætɚdeɪ/ n
sobota
day of the week

Saturn /ˈsæ.tɝn/ pn
Saturn
planet
god

Saudi /ˈsaʊdi/ adj
saudyjski
pertaining to Saudi Arabia

Saudi /ˈsaʊdi/ n
Saudyjczyk Saudyjka
person from Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia /ˌsaʊdiː əˈɹeɪbi.ə/ /ˌsɔːdiː əˈɹeɪbi.ə/ pn
Arabia Saudyjska
country in the Middle East

Saul /sɔːl/ pn
Saul
first king of Israel
male given name
Szaweł
original name of Paul

Sava pn
Sawa
river

Save pn
Sabi
river in Africa

Saxon /ˈsæksən/ adj
saksoński saski
of Saxons, Saxony or Saxon language

Saxon /ˈsæksən/ n
Sas
member of Saxon tribe
Saksończyk Sas
native or inhabitant of Saxony

Saxony /ˈsæksəni/ pn
Saksonia
state

Saxony-Anhalt pn
Saksonia-Anhalt
state

Scandinavia /skændɪˈneɪvi.ə/ pn
Skandynawia
Denmark, Norway, and Sweden

Scandinavian /ˌskændɪˈneɪvi.ən/ adj
skandynawski
of Scandinavia

Scandinavian Peninsula pn
Skandynawia
peninsula in Northern Europe

Scania /ˈskæni.ə/ pn
Skania
region of Sweden occupying the southernmost tip of the Scandinavian peninsula

Scheherazade /ʃəˈhɛɹəzɑd/ /ʃəˌhɛɹəˈzɑːd(ə)/ pn
Szeherezada
female given name

Scheldt /ʃɛlt/ pn
Skalda
river

Schlemm's canal n
kanał Schlemma
channel in the eye

Schleswig-Holstein pn
Szlezwik-Holsztyn
state

Schnoodle /ˈʃnuːdl̩/ n
pudlosznaucer sznauceropudel
Poodle/Schnauzer hybrid

Schopenhauerian /ˌʃoʊpənhaʊˈɪɹi.ən/ /ˌʃəʊpənhaʊˈɪːɹɪən/ adj
schopenhauerowski
of or relating to Arthur Schopenhauer

Schrödinger's cat pn
kot Schrödingera
thought experiment

Schwartz pn
Swartz Szwarc
surname

Scientology pn
scjentologia
belief system developed by L. Ron Hubbard

Scooby snack n
Scooby Chrupki
A treat

Scorpio /ˈskɔːpɪəʊ/ /ˈskɔːɹpɪoʊ/ pn
Skorpion
astrological sign

Scorpius /ˈskɔːpɪəs/ /ˈskɔːɹpɪəs/ pn
Skorpion
constellation

Scot /ˈskɑt/ /ˈskɒt/ /ˈskɔʔ/ n
Szkot Szkotka
a person born in or native to Scotland

Scotch /skɑtʃ/ /skɒtʃ/ n
Szkoci
people of Scotland
szkocka
uncountable: whisky made in Scotland

Scotland /ˈskɑt.lənd/ /ˈskɒt.lənd/ /ˈskɔʔ.lənd/ pn
Szkocja
country in northwest Europe to the north of England

Scotsman /ˈskɑts.mən/ n
Szkot
a man from Scotland

Scotswoman n
Szkotka
a woman from Scotland

Scottish /ˈskɑtɪʃ/ /ˈskɒtɪʃ/ /ˈskɔʔɪʃ/ adj
szkocki szkocka szkockie
of a person
szkocki
of a thing or concept

Scottish /ˈskɑtɪʃ/ /ˈskɒtɪʃ/ /ˈskɔʔɪʃ/ n
Szkoci
the people of Scotland

Scrabble pn
Scrabble
board game with interlocking words

Sculptor pn
Rzeźbiarz
constellation

Scutum pn
Tarcza
constellation

Scylla /ˈsɪlə/ pn
Scylla
personification of the rock

Scythian /ˈsɪði.ən/ adj
scytyjski
relating to Scythia or Scythians

Scythian /ˈsɪði.ən/ n
Scyta
an inhabitant of Scythia

Sea of Azov /ˈsiː əv ˈɑːzɔv/ pn
Morze Azowskie
sea

Sea of Japan pn
Morze Japońskie
the sea between Japan and the rest of Asia

Sea of Marmara pn
Morze Marmara
a deep inland sea in north-western Turkey

Sea of Okhotsk /ˌsiː əv əˈxɒtsk/ pn
morze Ochockie
sea

Sebastian /səˈbæstʃən/ pn
Sebastian
given name

Second Reich pn
Druga Rzesza
German Empire

Secretary General n
sekretarz generalny
chief administrator of an international body

Segorbe /sɛˈɡɔːbeɪ/ pn
Segorbe
municipality in Castellón, Spain

Seine /seɪn/ pn
Sekwana
river of northern France

Seine-Saint-Denis pn
Sekwana-Saint-Denis
department of France

Sejm /seɪm/ pn
Sejm
the lower house of the Polish parliament

Selandian pn
Seland
subdivision of the Paleocene epoch

Selena /səˈlinə/ /sɪˈliːnə/ pn
Celina Selena
female given name

Seleucia /sɪˈlu.ʃə/ /sɪˈluː.ʃə/ pn
Seleucja
city

Seneca /ˈsɛnəkə/ n
senekowie
tribe

Seneca /ˈsɛnəkə/ pn
Seneka
Roman cognomen

Senegal /ˌsɛn.ɪ.ˈɡɔːl/ pn
Senegal
Republic of Senegal

Senegalese /ˌsɛ.nə.ɡəˈliːz/ adj
senegalski
pertaining to Senegal

Senegalese /ˌsɛ.nə.ɡəˈliːz/ n
Senegalczyk Senegalka
person from Senegal

Seoul /soʊl/ /səʊl/ pn
Seul
capital of South Korea

Seoulite adj
seulski
of or from Seoul

Seoulite n
seulczyk seulka
someone from Seoul

Sephardic adj
sefardyjski
relating to the culture of the Sephardi Jews

September /sɛpˈtɛmbə/ /sɛpˈtɛmbəɹ/ pn
wrzesień
ninth month of the Gregorian calendar

Septuagint /ˈsɛptjuːəˌdʒɪnt/ pn
Septuaginta
an ancient translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek

Sequoyah /səˈkwɔɪə/ pn
Sekwoja
Inventor of the syllabary for writing Cherokee

Serb /ˈsɜːb/ /ˈsɝb/ adj
serbski
of or pertaining to the Serbs or their culture

Serb /ˈsɜːb/ /ˈsɝb/ n
Serb Serbka
person of Serb descent

Serbia /ˈsɜː.bi.ə/ /ˈsɝ.bi.ə/ pn
Serbia
a country in southeastern Europe

Serbia and Montenegro pn
Serbia i Czarnogóra
former country on the Balkan Peninsula

Serbian /ˈsɜː(ɹ)biːən/ adj
serbski
pertaining to Serbia and Serbians
pertaining to the Serbian language

Serbian /ˈsɜː(ɹ)biːən/ n
Serb Serbka
person from Serbia
serbski
the standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian

Serbo-Croatian adj
serbsko-chorwacki serbochorwacki
pertaining to the Serbo-Croatian language

Serbo-Croatian n
serbsko-chorwacki
South Slavic language

Sergius pn
Sergiusz
male given name

Sermon on the Mount pn
kazanie na górze
public discourse given by Jesus

Serpens /ˈsɚːpənz/ pn
Wąż
large summer constellation of the northern sky

Serpukhovian pn
serpuchow
subdivision of the Carboniferous period

Serravallian pn
serrawal
subdivision of the Miocene epoch

Sevastopol /ˌsɛvəˈstoʊpəl/ pn
Sewastopol
city

Seville /səˈvɪl/ pn
Sewilla
city in Andalusia, Spain

Sevillian adj
sewilski
of or pertaining to Sevilla

Sevillian n
sewilczyk sewilka
someone from Sevilla

Sextans pn
Sekstant
dim spring constellation of the northern sky

Seychelles /seɪˈʃɛlz/ pn
Seszele
country in East Africa

Sfax pn
Safakis
Tunisian city

Shadow Cabinet n
gabinet cieni
a senior group of opposition politicians who shadow the members of the government

Shakespeare /ˈʃeɪkspɪə/ /ˈʃeɪkspɪɹ/ pn
Szekspir
English playwright

Shakespearean /ʃeɪkˈspɪɹi.ən/ adj
Szekspirowski szekspirowski
pertaining to Shakespeare or his works

Shakespearean sonnet n
sonet szekspirowski
type of sonnet

Shanghai /ˈʃæŋ.haɪ/ pn
Szanghaj
Chinese city as provincial-level municipality

Shaolin pn
Shaolin Szaolin
a collection of Chinese martial arts that claim affiliation with the Shaolin monastery

Sheinwoodian pn
Sheinwood
subdivision of the Silurian period

Sheremetyevo pn
Szeremetjewo
airport in Russia

Shevchenko pn
Szewczenko
surname

Shi'a n
szyita
follower of Shi'a Islam

Shia Islam pn
szyizm
denomination of Islam

Shinto /ˈʃɪn.toʊ/ /ˈʃɪn.təʊ/ pn
shintoizm szinto szintoizm shinto sinto sintoizm
religion

Shiraz /ʃɚˈɑːz/ pn
Sziraz
a city in southern Iran

Shiva /ˈʃiːvə/ /ˈʃɪvə/ pn
Śiwa
deity

Shoshone /ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/ pn
Szoszoni
Amerind people

Shota pn
Szota
male given name

Shrove Tuesday n
tłusty czwartek
day before the beginning of Lent

Siam pn
Syjam
the former name of Thailand

Siamese adj
syjamski
Thai

Siamese cat n
kot syjamski
mammal

Siamese fighting fish n
bojownik syjamski
a freshwater fish

Siberia [saɪˈbɪəɹɪə] [saɪˈbɪɹiə] pn
Syberia
region of Russia

Siberian Husky n
husky syberyjski
Siberian Husky dog

Sichuan tit n
czarnoglówka brazowawa sikora syczuańska
Poecile weigoldicus

Sicilian adj
sycylijski
relating to Sicily or its inhabitants

Sicilian n
Sycylijczyk Sycylijka
person

Sicilian pn
język sycylijski sycylijski
language

Sicilian Defence n
obrona sycylijska
chess opening

Sicily /ˈsɪsɨli/ pn
Sycylia
island

Sidon pn
Sydon
city state of Phoenicia

Sierra Leone /siˌɛɹə liˈoʊn/ pn
Sierra Leone
Republic of Sierra Leone

Sikhism /ˈsiːkɪzm̩/ pn
sikhizm
religion

Silent Sam /ˌsaɪlənt ˈsæm/ n
milczek
person who speaks seldom and little

Silesia /saɪˈliʒə/ /saɪˈliːʃə/ pn
Śląsk
region

Silesian /saɪˈliːzi.ən/ adj
śląski
of or pertaining to Silesia

Silesian /saɪˈliːzi.ən/ n
Ślązak Ślązaczka
inhabitant of Silesia

Silesian /saɪˈliːzi.ən/ pn
gwara śląska śląszczyzna
Slavic language

Siliana pn
Siljana
Tunisian town

Silicon Valley pn
Dolina Krzemowa
nickname for region in San Francisco

Silk Road pn
Jedwabny Szlak jedwabny szlak
routes used by silk traders across Europe, Asia and northern Africa

Silvia /ˈsɪlvi.ə/ pn
Sylwia
female given name

Silvius pn
Sylwiusz
male given name

Simferopol /ˌsɪmfəˈɹoʊpəl/ pn
Symferopol
city

Simon /ˈsaɪmən/ pn
Szymon
male given name
biblical characters

Simon says n
Szymon mówi
children's game

Simone /səˈməʊn/ pn
Ksymena Simona Szymona
female given name

Simonides /saɪˈmɑːnɪdiːz/ /saɪˈmɒnɪdiːz/ pn
Symonides
poet

Sinbad pn
Sindbad
fictional sailor

Sinemurian n
synemur
subdivision of the Jurassic period

Singapore /ˈsɪŋəpɔɹ/ /ˈsɪŋəpɔː/ pn
Singapur
Republic of Singapore

Singaporean /ˌsɪŋ(ɡ)əˈpɔːɹi.ən/ adj
singapurski
of, from, or pertaining to Singapore

Singaporean /ˌsɪŋ(ɡ)əˈpɔːɹi.ən/ n
Singapurczyk Singapurka
a person from Singapore

Singer pn
Zynger
surname

Sinhalese /sɪnhəˈliːz/ adj
syngaleski
of or pertaining to Sri Lanka

Sinhalese /sɪnhəˈliːz/ n
Syngalez Syngalezka
Sinhalese person
syngaleski
the language

Sinocentrism /ˌsɪnoʊˈsɛntɹɪzəm/ /ˌsɪnəʊˈsɛntɹɪzəm/ n
sinocentryzm
belief that China is the center of the Earth

Sirius /ˈsɪɹi.əs/ pn
Syriusz

Sisyphean /ˌsɪsəˈfiːən/ adj
syzyfowy
incessant or incessantly recurring, but futile
relating to Sisyphus

Sisyphus /ˈsɪsɪfəs/ pn
Syzyf
figure

Skopjan adj
skopijski
from Skopje

Skopjan n
skopijczyk skopijka
someone from Skopje

Skopje /ˈskɔpjɛ/ pn
Skopje Skopie
capital of North Macedonia

Slav /slɑːv/ n
Słowianin Słowianka
a member of a group of peoples in Eastern Europe speaking a Slavic language

Slavdom n
słowiaństwo
Slavic people collectively, Slavs as a body
Słowiańszczyzna
the area inhabited by Slavs, or with Slavic influence

Slavic /ˈslɑːvɪk/ adj
słowiański
of the Slavs, their culture or languages

Slavic studies n
slawistyka słowianoznawstwo
academic discipline

Slavism n
slawizm słowianizm
a Slavic idiom or phrase

Slavist n
slawista
specialist in the Slavic languages, literature or culture

Slavo- prefix
słowiano-
Slavic

Slavonia pn
Slawonia
region of Croatia

Slavophile n
słowianofil
person who is interested in the development and prosperity of the Slavic race

Sleeping Beauty pn
Śpiąca Królewna
fairy tale

Slovak adj
słowacki
of Slovakia or its language

Slovak n
słowacki język słowacki
language of Slovakia
Słowak Słowaczka
native of Slovakia

Slovak Cuvac n
czuwacz słowacki
Slovak Chuvach

Slovak Republic pn
Republika Słowacka
official name of Slovakia

Slovakia /sloʊˈvɑ.ki.ə/ /sləʊˈvæ.ki.ə/ pn
Słowacja
Slovakia

Slovakian adj
słowacki
of or pertaining to Slovakia

Slovene /ˈsləʊviːn/ adj
słoweński
adjective

Slovene /ˈsləʊviːn/ n
Słoweniec Słowenka
a person

Slovene /ˈsləʊviːn/ pn
słoweński
the language

Slovenia /sloʊˈvi.ni.ə/ /sləʊˈviː.ni.ə/ pn
Słowenia
country in Europe

Slovincian /slə(ʊ)ˈvɪnsɪ.ən/ pn
język słowiński słowiński
extinct language of the Slovincian people

Slovyansk pn
Słowiańsk
city

Smith /smɪθ/ pn
Nowak
most common surnames by language
Kowal Kowalski Kowalczuk Kowalczyk
surnames derived from the equivalents of “smith”

Smoke pn
Dym
44th sura of the Qur'an

Smolensk pn
Smoleńsk
city

Snark pn
Żmirłacz
fantastical monster

Snoopy pn
Snoopy
pet beagle

Snow Queen pn
Królowa Śniegu
fairy tale character with power over snow and ice

Snow White /snoʊ hwaɪt/ /snəʊ waɪt/ pn
Śnieżka
character from Snow White (Schneewittchen)
character from Snow-White and Rose-Red (Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot)

Sněžka pn
Śnieżka
mountain

Sochi /ˈsɒtʃi/ pn
Soczi
city in Russia

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia pn
Socjalistyczna Federacyjna Republika Jugosławii
Yugoslav state that existed from 1943 until 1992

Socialist Republic of Vietnam pn
Socjalistyczna Republika Wietnamu
official name of Vietnam

Socinian /soʊˈsɪn.iː.ən/ adj
socyniański
pertaining to the Socinians

Socinian /soʊˈsɪn.iː.ən/ n
socynianin
a member of a certain nontrinitarian Christian denomination

Socrates /ˈsɑkɹətiz/ /ˈsɒkɹətiːz/ pn
Sokrates
Greek philosopher

Socratic adj
sokratyczny
characteristic of the philosopher Socrates

Socratic method pn
majeutyka metoda sokratyczna

Sofia /ˈsəʊfi.ə/ pn
Sofia
the capital city of Bulgaria

Sofian adj
sofijski
from Sofia

Sofian n
sofijczyk sofijka
someone from Sofia

Sogdiana pn
Sogdiana
an ancient Iranian-speaking civilization

Solar System /ˈsoʊ.lɚ ˌsɪs.təm/ /ˈsəʊl.ə ˌsɪs.təm/ pn
Układ Słoneczny System Słoneczny
the Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it

Solidarity pn
Solidarność
political movement

Solomon /ˈsɑləmən/ /ˈsɒləmən/ pn
Salomon
king of Israel

Solomon Islands /ˈsɑ.lə.mən ˈaɪ.ləndz/ /ˈsɒl.ə.mən ˈaɪ.ləndz/ pn
Wyspy Salomona
A country in Melanesia

Solomon's seal n
kokoryczka
plant of genus Polygonatum

Solon /ˈsoʊlən/ /ˈsəʊlən/ pn
Solon
statesman and lawgiver

Somali /soʊˈmɑːli/ /səˈmɑːli/ adj
somalijski
pertaining to Somalia

Somali /soʊˈmɑːli/ /səˈmɑːli/ n
somalijski
a language
Somalijczyk Somalijka
a person from Somalia or of Somali descent

Somalia pn
Somalia
country in the Horn of Africa

Song of Songs pn
Pieśni nad Pieśniami Pieśń nad pieśniami
book of the Bible

Sony /ˈsoʊni/ pn
Sony
An international electronics and media company based in Tokyo, Japan

Sophocles pn
Sofokles
Greek dramatic poet

Sorbian /ˈsɔːbi.ən/ /ˈsɔːɹbi.ən/ adj
łużycki
of or pertaining to the Sorbs or to the Sorbian language

Sorbian /ˈsɔːbi.ən/ /ˈsɔːɹbi.ən/ pn
łużycki
language

South Africa pn
Republika Południowej Afryki Południowa Afryka
country

South African /ˌsaʊθˈaf.ɹɪ.kən/ adj
południowoafrykański
of, from, or pertaining to South Africa

South African /ˌsaʊθˈaf.ɹɪ.kən/ n
Południowoafrykanka Południowoafrykańczyk
person

South African Defence Force pn
Południowoafrykańskie Siły Obrony
apartheid-era South African military

South America pn
Ameryka Południowa
continent that is the southern part of the Americas

South American adj
południowoamerykański
relating to South America

South Asia pn
Azja Południowa
South Asia

South Australia pn
Australia Południowa
state of Australia

South Carolina /ˌsaʊθ keɹəˈlaɪnə/ pn
Karolina Południowa
US state

South China Sea pn
Morze Południowochińskie
Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland and Taiwan, Borneo and the Philippines

South Dakota /ˈsaʊθ dəˈkoʊ.tə/ pn
Dakota Południowa
state of the USA

South Georgia pn
Georgia Południowa
the island

South Holland pn
Holandia Południowa
province

South Korea pn
Korea Południowa
country in East Asia

South Korean adj
południowokoreański
of South Korea

South Korean n
Południowokoreanka Południowokoreańczyk
person from or descended from South Korea

South Ossetia pn
Osetia Południowa
South Ossetia

South Pole /ˌsaʊθ ˈpoʊl/ /ˌsaʊθ ˈpəʊl/ pn
biegun południowy
the southernmost point on Earth

South Sudan pn
Sudan Południowy
country in Africa

South Yemen pn
Jemen Południowy
country

Southeast Asia pn
Azja Południowo-Wschodnia
a subregion of Asia

Southern Cross pn
Krzyż Południa
constellation

Southern Europe pn
Europa Południowa
Southern Europe

Southern European adj
południowoeuropejski
Southern European

Southern Ocean pn
Ocean Południowy Ocean Antarktyczny
the ocean surrounding Antarctica

Southwest Asia pn
Azja Południowo-Zachodnia Azja Przednia
area of Asia

Soviet /ˈsoʊvi.ət/ /ˈsəʊvi.ət/ adj
radziecki sowiecki
pertaining to the Soviet Union or its republics

Soviet Russia pn
Rosja Radziecka
Soviet Union in the early stages

Soviet Socialist Republic pn
republika radziecka socjalistyczna republika radziecka
any of the republics belonging to the former Soviet Union

Soviet Union /ˈsoʊviət ˈjuːniən/ /ˈsɒviət ˈjuːniən/ pn
Związek Radziecki
USSR

Sovietology n
sowietologia
the field of study of the Soviet Union

Soyuz /ˈsɔɪjuːz/ n
Sojuz
a Soviet/Russian spacecraft

Space Shuttle n
prom kosmiczny
a space transportation system

Spain /speɪn/ pn
Hiszpania
country in Europe

Spanglish pn
Spanglish
blend of English and Spanish

Spaniard /ˈspæn.jəd/ /ˈspæn.jɚd/ n
Hiszpan Hiszpanka
somebody from Spain

Spanish /ˈspæn.ɪʃ/ adj
hiszpański
of or pertaining to Spain
of or pertaining to the Spanish language
of or pertaining to the people or culture of Spain

Spanish /ˈspæn.ɪʃ/ n
hiszpański
Romance language of Spain and the Americas

Sparta pn
Sparta
ancient city-state in southern Greece

Spartacus /ˈspɑːtəkəs/ /ˈspɑːɹtəkəs/ pn
Spartakus
Thracian name

Sphinx /ˈsfɪŋks/ pn
Sfinks
Greek mythological creature
large monument in Egypt

Spiritism pn
spirytyzm
philosophical doctrine

Sprachgefühl n
intuicja językowa poczucie językowe wyczucie językowe
the instinctive or intuitive grasp of a language

Spree /ʃpɹeɪ/ pn
Sprewa
river in Germany

Springfield pn
Springfield
Any of several towns

Srebrenica /ˌsɹebɹəˈniːtsə/ pn
Srebrenica
Bosnian town

Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte pn
Sri Dźajawardanapura Kotte
the administrative capital of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka /sɹiˈlɑːŋkə/ pn
Sri Lanka
a country in South Asia

Sri Lankan adj
lankijski
of, from, or pertaining to Sri Lanka or to the Sri Lankan people

Sri Lankan n
Lankijczyk Lankijka
a person from Sri Lanka or of Sri Lankan descent

St n
św.
abbreviation of Saint

St John's wort /seɪnt d͡ʒɑnz wɚt/ /sən(t) d͡ʒɒnz wɜːt/ n
dziurawiec
any plant of the genus Hypericum

St. n
ul.
abbreviation of Street

St. Elmo's fire n
ognie świętego Elma
electrical discharge

St. George's Day pn
Dzień Świętego Jerzego
saint's day of Saint George

Stalin pn
Stalin
Stalin

Stalinism n
stalinizm
Communist philosophies espoused by Josef Stalin

Stalinist adj
stalinowski
of or relating to Stalinism

Stalinist n
stalinista stalinistka stalinowiec
a person who accepts the philosophy of Stalinism

Stanislaus /ˈstænɪslɔːs/ pn
Stanisław
male given name- the standard or most popular form

Star Wars [ˈstɑɹ ˈwɔɹz] [ˈstɑː(ɹ) ˈwɔː(ɹ)z] pn
Gwiezdne wojny
Saga

Star of Bethlehem pn
Gwiazda Betlejemska
star mentioned in the Gospel of Matthew

Star of David pn
gwiazda Dawida
symbol of Jewish Community and Judaism

State of Israel pn
Państwo Izrael
country (official name)

Stavropol pn
Stawropol
city

Steller sea lion /ˈstɛlə siː ˈlaɪən/ n
lew morski Stellera uchatek grzywiasty uchatka grzywiasta
Eumetopias jubatus

Stendhalian /stɒ̃ˈdɑːlɪən/ /stɛ̃ˈdɑli.ən/ adj
stendhalowski
pertaining to, or in the style of Stendhal

Stepanakert pn
Stepanakert
the capital of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic

Stephanie /ˈstɛfəni/ pn
Stefania
female given name

Stephen /ˈstiːvən/ /ˈstɛfən/ pn
Stefan Szczepan
male given name

Stockholm /ˈstɒkhɒlm/ pn
Sztokholm
capital of Sweden

Stockholm syndrome n
syndrom sztokholmski
psychological condition

Stockholmer adj
sztokholmski
of, from or pertaining to Stockholm

Stockholmer n
sztokholmczyk sztokholmka
someone from Stockholm

Stokavian adj
sztokawski
of or pertaining to Štokavian

Stokavian pn
sztokawski
West South Slavic dialect grouping

Stone pn
Kamień
surname meaning "stone"

Stone Age /ˈstoʊn ˌeɪdʒ/ /ˈstəʊn ˌeɪdʒ/ pn
epoka kamienia
prehistoric period

Strait of Kerch pn
Cieśnina Kerczeńska
strait

Strait of Messina pn
Cieśnina Mesyńska Cieśnina Messyńska
narrow section of water between Sicily and mainland Italy

Strait of Sicily pn
Cieśnina Sycylijska
strait between Sicily and Tunisia

Strasbourg /ˈstɹæzbɜːɡ/ /ˈstɹɑːsbɝːɡ/ pn
Strasburg
city in France

Sturm und Drang /ˈʃtəɹm ʊnt ˈdɹaŋ/ n
okres burzy i naporu
turmoil

Styria pn
Styria
Austrian state

Styrian adj
styryjski
of, from or relating to Styria

Styrian n
Styryjczyk
someone from Styria

Styx /stɪks/ pn
Styks
river of the underworld

Subaru pn
Subaru
automobile manufacturer

Subscriber Identity Module n
karta SIM
component on a SIM card that stores information to identify a mobile phone user

Sudan /suˈdæn/ /suːˈdɑːn/ pn
Sudan
Republic of Sudan

Sudeten adj
sudecki
of or pertaining to Sudeten

Sudeten pn
Sudety
series of mountains

Sudetenland pn
Kraj Sudetów Kraj Sudecki
region in Czechia

Suez Canal pn
Kanał Sueski
canal

Sugarloaf Mountain pn
Głowa Cukru
rocky peak in Rio de Janeiro

Sukhumi /suːˈkuːmi/ pn
Suchumi
capital city

Sumatra pn
Sumatra
the largest island of Indonesia

Sumerian adj
sumerski sumeryjski
pertaining to Sumer

Sumerian n
Sumer
person

Sumerian pn
sumeryjski
language

Sun /sʌn/ pn
słońce Słońce
star

Sunday /ˈsʌndeɪ/ n
niedziela
day of the week

Sunday driver n
niedzielny kierowca
one who drives slowly

Sunni n
sunnita
follower of the Sunni branch of Islam

Supreme Leader n
Najwyższy Prawnik Muzułmański Najwyższy Przywódca
head of state of Iran

Suriname /ˌsʊə.ɹɪˈnæm/ /ˌsʊɹ.ɪˈnɑm/ pn
Surinam
country

Surinamese adj
surinamski
of, from or pertaining to Suriname

Surinamese n
Surinamczyk Surinamka
person from Suriname

Surrey /ˈsʌɹi/ pn
Surrey
county in the south east of England

Surzhyk pn
surżyk
language

Susan /ˈsuːzən/ pn
Zuzanna
female given name

Susanna pn
Zuzanna
biblical character

Sussex /ˈsʌs.əks/ pn
Sussex
A former county in England.

Suva pn
Suva
capital of Fiji

Suvalkija pn
Suwalszczyzna Jaćwież
Suvalkija

Svalbard /ˈsvɑːlbɑː(ɹ)/ pn
Svalbard
islands north east of Greenland

Svan pn
swański
language

Svatý Kopeček pn
Svatý Kopeček
part of Olomouc

Swabian /ˈsweɪbi.ən/ n
Szwab
person

Swadesh list n
Lista Swadesha
lists of vocabulary

Swahili /swɑˈhili/ /swəˈhiːli/ n
suahili
language

Swansea /ˈswɒnzi/ pn
Swansea
a city in South Wales

Swazi pn
suazi
Bantu language

Swaziland /ˈswɑːziˌlænd/ pn
Suazi
Kingdom of Swaziland

Swede /swiːd/ n
Szwed Szwedka
person from Sweden or of Swedish descent

Sweden /ˈswi.dən/ pn
Szwecja
Scandinavian country

Swedish /ˈswiːdɪʃ/ adj
szwedzki
of or pertaining to Sweden
of or pertaining to the Swedish language

Swedish /ˈswiːdɪʃ/ n
szwedzki
language

Swedish massage n
masaż szwedzki
style of massage

Swedophone adj
szwedzkojęzyczny
Swedish-speaking

Swiss /swɪs/ adj
szwajcarski
of or pertaining to Swiss language(s) or Swiss dialect(s)
of or pertaining to Switzerland
of or pertaining to the Swiss people

Swiss /swɪs/ n
Szwajcar Szwajcarka
Swiss person

Swiss Army knife n
szwajcarski nóż oficerski
type of pocket knife

Swiss Confederation pn
Konfederacja Szwajcarska
Official name of Switzerland

Swiss pine n
sosna limba
Pinus cembra

Switzerland /ˈswɪt.səl.ənd/ /ˈswɪt.sɚ.lənd/ pn
Szwajcaria
sovereign country

Syktyvkar pn
Syktywkar
city in Russia

Sylvester /sɪlˈvɛstɚ/ pn
Sylwester
male given name

Syracuse pn
Syrakuzy
city in New York state
city and port in the province of Syracuse
province Sicily

Syria /ˈsɪɹi.ə/ pn
Syria
country in the Middle East

Syriac /ˈsɪɹiˌæk/ pn
syryjski
language

Syrian /ˈsɪɹi.ən/ adj
syryjski
of, from, or pertaining to Syria, the Syrian people or the Syrian language

Syrian /ˈsɪɹi.ən/ n
Syryjczyk Syryjka
a person from Syria or of Syrian descent

Szczecin pn
Szczecin
city in Poland

Szczedrzyk pn
Szczedrzyk
village

Szlachta /ˈʃlaxta/ pn
szlachta
nobility of Poland, and Lithuania

São Tomé and Príncipe pn
Wyspy Świętego Tomasza i Książęca
Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe

T-bar n
orczyk wyciąg orczykowy
ski lift

T-bone steak n
stek na kości
the beek steak

T-shirt /ˈtiːʃɚt/ /ˈtiːʃɜːt/ n
T-shirt koszulka
type of shirt

TTBOMK adv
o ile mi wiadomo
to one's knowledge

TV guide n
magazyn telewizyjny program telewizyjny
television listing

Tacitus /ˈtæsɪtʊs/ pn
Tacyt
Roman cognomen

Tagus pn
Tag
Iberian river

Tahitian adj
tahitański
relating to Tahiti

Tahitian n
Tahitanka Tahitańczyk
native or inhabitant

Tahitian pn
tahitański
language

Taichung pn
Taizhong
a large city in Taiwan

Taimyr pn
Tajmyr
large peninsula

Tainan pn
Tainan
a city in Taiwan

Taipei pn
Tajpej
Taipei

Taiwan /ˌtaɪˈwɑn/ /ˌtaɪˈwɑːn/ pn
Tajwan
East Asian country

Taiwanese /taɪwəˈniːz/ /ˌtaɪwɑˈniːz/ adj
tajwański
relating to Taiwan

Taj Mahal /t̪ɑd͡ʒ mɛhɛl̪/ /ˌtɑːdʒ məˈhɑːl/ /ˌtɑːʒ məˈhɑːl/ pn
Tadź Mahal
monument in India

Tajik /ˈtɑːdʒɪk/ adj
tadżycki
of, from, or pertaining to Tajikistan, the Tajik people or the Tajik language

Tajik /ˈtɑːdʒɪk/ n
Tadżyczka Tadżyjka Tadżyk
person

Tajik /ˈtɑːdʒɪk/ pn
tadżycki
language

Tajikistan pn
Tadżykistan
Republic of Tajikistan

Taliban n
talib
member of the Taliban movement or its militia
talibowie
militia

Tallinn /ˈtælɪn/ /ˈtɑːlɪn/ pn
Tallinn
Capital of Estonia

Tallinner adj
talliński
from Tallinn

Tallinner n
tallinianin tallinianka
someone from Tallin

Talmud /ˈtælməd/ /ˈtɒlˌmuːd/ pn
Talmud
collection of Jewish writings

Talossan pn
talossański
the language

Tamara /tɑmɑɹə/ /təmæɹə/ /təmɛɹə/ pn
Tamara
female given name

Tambov pn
Tambow
a city in Russia

Tamil /ˈtæmɪl/ adj
tamilski
of or pertaining to the Tamil people, culture, or language

Tamil /ˈtæmɪl/ n
tamilski
language
Tamil Tamilka
person

Tamil Tigers pn
Tamilskie Tygrysy
guerrilla organization

Tanganyika /tæŋɡənˈjiːkə/ pn
Tanganika
lake
territory, former country

Tanzania /ˌtænzəˈniːə/ pn
Tanzania
United Republic of Tanzania

Tanzanian /ˌtænzəˈniən/ adj
tanzański
of, from, or pertaining to Tanzania and its people

Tanzanian /ˌtænzəˈniən/ n
Tanzańczyk Tanzanka
a person from Tanzania or of Tanzanian descent

Taoism n
taoizm
Chinese philosophy founded by Lao-tzu

Tarantino n
tarencki
dialect of Neapolitan
tarentczyk tarentka
native or inhabitant of Taranto

Taranto pn
Tarent
city and province

Tartu /ˈtɑɹtu/ pn
Tartu
second-largest city in Estonia

Tashkent /ˌtɑːʃˈkɛnt/ pn
Taszkent
capital of Uzbekistan

Tasmania /tæzˈmeɪniə/ pn
Tasmania
Australian state
island comprising majority of state

Tatar /ˈtætɑː(ɹ)/ n
Tatar Tatarka
person

Tatar /ˈtætɑː(ɹ)/ pn
tatarski
language

Tatarstan pn
Tatarstan
Tatarstan, Russia

Tatiana pn
Tacjana
female given name

Tatra pn
Tatry
mountain range on the border of Poland and Slovakia

Taurus /ˈtɑɹəs/ /ˈtɔːɹəs/ pn
Byk
astrological sign
constellation

Taylor /ˈteɪlɚ/ pn
Krawczyk Krawiec Sznajder
surname associated with "tailor"

Tbilisi /t(ə)ˈbi.lə.si/ pn
Tbilisi
the capital city of Georgia (the country)

Tchaikovsky /tʃaɪˈkɑvski/ pn
Czajkowski
surname

Tehran /ˈtɛ.ɹæn/ pn
Teheran
capital of Iran

Tel Aviv /ˈtɛl.əˈviːv/ /ˈtɛl.əˈvɪv/ pn
Tel Awiw Tel Awiw-Jafa
city in Israel

Telescopium pn
Luneta
small faint constellation of the southern winter sky

Telesphoros pn
Telesforos
Son of Asclepius

Telugu /ˈtɛl.ə.ɡuː/ pn
telugu
Dravidian language of India

Telychian pn
Telych

Temminck's stint n
biegus mały
Calidris temminckii

Templar n
templariusz
one of the Knights Templar

Ten Commandments pn
dekalog
religious ten commandments

Tenerife pn
Teneryfa
one of the Canary Islands

Teramo pn
Teramo
capital
province

Teresa /təˈɹiː.sə/ pn
Teresa
female given name

Ternopil pn
Tarnopol
city

Terpsichore /ˌtəːpˈsɪkəɹi/ pn
Terpsychora
Greek mythology: one of the nine muses

Tertiary pn
trzeciorzęd
first part of the Cenozoic era

Teruel pn
Teruel
city

Tetragrammaton pn
tetragram
the four Hebrew letters }}, used as the ineffable name of God

Tetris /ˈtɛtɹɪs/ pn
Tetris
game in which falling shapes must be manipulated

Teutonic /ˌtjuːˈtɒn.ɪk/ adj
germański teutoński
relating to the ancient Germanic people

Teutonic Knights pn
Zakon Krzyżacki
order

Texas /ˈtɛk.səs/ /ˈtɛk.sɪs/ pn
Teksas
a state of the United States of America

Thaddaeus pn
Tadeusz
male given name
the Apostle

Thai /taɪ/ adj
tajski tajlandzki
of or pertaining to Thailand

Thai /taɪ/ n
tajski
language
Taj Tajka
person from Thailand or of Thai origin

Thailand /ˈtaɪ̯lænd/ pn
Tajlandia
country in Southeast Asia

Thais pn
Taida Tais Taisja Tesja
female given name

Thalia /θəˈlaɪ.ə/ pn
Talia
one of the three Graces
the muse of comedy and idyllic poetry

Thames /tɛmz/ /θeɪmz/ pn
Tamiza
river through London

Thanatos /ˈθænəˌtɒs/ n
Tanatos
Thanatos, the god of death

Thanetian pn
Tanet

Thanksgiving pn
Dzień Dziękczynienia Święto Dziękczynienia
Thanksgiving Day

Tharau pn
Tarowo
village in East Prussia

Thatcherism pn
taczeryzm thatcheryzm
political ideology of Thatcher's governments

Thatcherite /ˈθætʃəɹaɪt/ n
taczerysta taczerystka thatcherysta thatcherystka
advocate of Thatcherism

The End /ði ɛnd/ /ðiː ɛnd/ n
koniec
end of a story

The Hague /ðə ˈheɪɡ/ pn
Haga
Dutch city

Theban adj
tebański
pertaining to Thebes

Thebes /θibz/ pn
Teby
Any of two important cities in antiquity, either in Greece or Egypt.

Theodore pn
Teodor
male given name

Theophilus pn
Teofil
biblical character
male given name

Thermidor /ˈθɜːmɪdɔː/ /ˈθɝmədɔɹ/ pn
thermidor
the eleventh month of the French Republican Calendar

Thermopylae /θəɹˈmɒpɨliː/ pn
Termopile
narrow pass in eastern Greece

Theron /ˈθɛəɹən/ /ˈθɛɹən/ /ˈθɪəɹɒn/ /θəˈɹoʊn/ pn
Teron
5th century BC tyrant of Akragas

Thessalonians /θɛsəˈloʊni.ənz/ pn
List do Tesaloniczan
books of the Bible

Thessaly /ˈθesəli/ pn
Tesalia
region of Greece

Thetis /ˈθɛtɪs/ pn
Tetyda
the mother of Achilles

Third Reich pn
III Rzesza Trzecia Rzesza
Germany under the Nazi regime

Thomas /ˈtɑm.əs/ /ˈtɒm.əs/ pn
Tomasz
biblical Apostle
given name
surname

Thrace /θɹeɪs/ pn
Tracja
historical and geographic area in southeast Europe

Thracian /ˈθɹeɪs.iː.ən/ adj
tracki
of or pertaining to Thrace, Thracians of the Thracian language

Thracian /ˈθɹeɪs.iː.ən/ n
Trak
Inhabitant of Thrace

Thumbelina /ˌθʌmbəˈliːnə/ pn
Calineczka Calinka Calóweczka Dziecię elfów Odrobinka Paluszka
a thumb-sized girl, the main character of a fairy tale

Thuringia /θəˈɹɪndʒiə/ pn
Turyngia
state

Thuringian /θjʊˈɹɪndʒɪən/ n
Turynka Turyńczyk
a native or inhabitant of Thuringia

Thursday /ˈθɜːzdeɪ/ /ˈθɝzdeɪ/ /ˈθɵːzdæe/ n
czwartek
day of the week

Tiananmen Square pn
Plac Niebiańskiego Spokoju Plac Tian'anmen
large plaza in Beijing

Tiber /ˈtaɪbə/ /ˈtaɪbəɹ/ pn
Tyber
river

Tiberias pn
Tyberiada
town

Tibet /tɪˈbet/ pn
Tybet
region in Inner Asia

Tibetan /tɪˈbɛtn̩/ adj
tybetański
of or pertaining to Tibet

Tibetan /tɪˈbɛtn̩/ n
Tybetańczyk
a person

Tibetan Mastiff n
mastyf tybetański
Tibetan Mastiff

Tierra del Fuego /tiˌɛɹə dɛl ˈfweɪɡoʊ/ /tɪˌɛːɹə dɛl ˈfweɪɡəʊ/ pn
Ziemia Ognista
archipelago between Chile and Argentina

Tiflis pn
Tyflis
Former name of Tbilisi

Tigger /ˈtɪɡə/ /ˈtɪɡɚ/ n
Tygrysek
overly enthusiastic or energetic person

Tijuanan /tiˈhwɑnən/ /tɪˈ(h)wɑːnən/ adj
tijuański
of Tijuana

Timișoara /ˌtimiˈʃwɑɹɑ/ pn
Temeszwar Timiszoara
city in Romania

Timothy /ˈtɪməθi/ pn
List do Tymoteusza Tymoteusz
books in the New Testament
Tymoteusz List do Tymoteusza
companion of Paul
Timoteusz Tymoteusz
male given name

Tippex n
korektor
brand of correction fluid

Tirana /tɪˈɹɑː.nə/ pn
Tirana
capital city of Albania

Tiranan adj
tirański
from Tirana

Tiranan n
tiranka tirańczyk
someone from Sofia

Tiraspol pn
Tyraspol
capital of Transnistria

Tisza pn
Cisa
a river

Titan /ˈtaɪtən/ n
tytan
mythological giant

Titan /ˈtaɪtən/ pn
Tytan
moon of Saturn

Tithonian pn
tyton
age 152.1-145Ma ago

Titian /ˈtɪʃən/ pn
Tycjan
sixteenth century Italian painter

Titianesque /tɪʃəˈnɛsk/ adj
tycjanowski
suggesting Titian's style

Titus /ˈtaɪtəs/ pn
Tytus List do Tytusa
biblical character
male given name
List do Tytusa
book of the Bible

Toarcian pn
toark

Tobago pn
Tobago
island of the Caribbean

Tobias /təˈbaɪəs/ pn
Tobiasz
biblical character
male given name

Tocharian /toʊˈkɛɹi.ən/ /təuˈkɛəɹi.ən/ adj
tocharski
related to Tocharians

Togo pn
Togo
Togolese Republic

Togolese adj
togijski
Of, from, or pertaining to Togo or its people

Togolese n
Togijczyk Togijka
A person from Togo or of Togolese descent

Tokelau pn
Tokelau
a territory of New Zealand in the Pacific

Tokyo /toʊ.ki.oʊ/ /təʊ.ki.əʊ/ pn
Tokio
capital of Japan

Tokyoite adj
tokijski
relating to Tokyo

Tokyoite n
tokijczyk tokijka
person from Tokyo

Tolyatti /tɒˈljatɪ/ /tɔlˈjɑti/ pn
Togliatti
city

Tom Thumb pn
Paluszek Tomcio Paluch
the thumb-sized hero of a fairy tale

Tonga /ˈtɑŋ.ɡə/ /ˈtɒŋ.ə/ pn
Tonga
country

Tony /ˈtoʊni/ pn
Antek
male given name

Tooth Fairy n
zębowa wróżka
figure of modern myth

Torah /tɔːɹə/ pn
Tora
the Five Books of Moses - the full body of Jewish law

Toronto /təˈɹɒn(t)oʊ/ pn
Toronto
city in Canada

Tortonian n
torton

Toruń pn
Toruń
city in northern Poland

Tower of Babel pn
wieża Babel
tower erected at Babel

Tower of London pn
Tower Tower of London
a fortress in London

Trajan /ˈtɹeɪd͡ʒən/ pn
Trajan
the Roman emperor

Trans-Siberian adj
transsyberyjski
across Siberia

Transdanubia pn
Kraj Zadunajski
region of Hungary

Transnistria /tɹænzˈnɪsˌtɹi.ə/ pn
Naddniestrze
Transnistria, an autonomous territory in Moldova

Transylvania /tɹænslˈveɪni.ə/ pn
Siedmiogród Transylwania
Transylvania

Trapani pn
Trapani
city
province

Trasyanka pn
trasianka
language

Tremadocian n
Tremadok

Trento pn
Trydent
city
province

Triangulum pn
Trójkąt
constellation

Triangulum Australe pn
Trójkąt Południowy
constellation

Triassic /tɹaɪˈæsɪk/ adj
triasowy
relating to the Triassic period

Triassic /tɹaɪˈæsɪk/ pn
trias Trias
the geologic period

Trier pn
Trewir
city in Germany

Trieste pn
Triest
city

Trinidad and Tobago /ˌtɹɪn.ɪ.dæd ænd toʊˈbeɪ.ɡoʊ/ /ˌtɹɪn.ɪ.dæd ænd təʊˈbeɪ.ɡəʊ/ pn
Trynidad i Tobago
country

Trinity pn
Trójca Święta
Christianity: three persons of the Godhead

Trinity Sunday pn
Święto Trójcy Świętej
Sunday after Whitsunday

Trojan /ˈtɹoʊd͡ʒən/ /ˈtɹəʊd͡ʒən/ adj
trojański
relating to the city Troy

Trojan War pn
wojna trojańska
mythological war

Trojan horse pn
koń trojański
epic wooden horse

Tromsø pn
Tromsø
municipality in Norway

Tropic of Cancer pn
Zwrotnik Raka
the parallel of latitude 23°30′ north of the equator

Tropic of Capricorn pn
Zwrotnik Koziorożca
parallel of latitude 23°30' S

Trotskyism n
trockizm
left-wing political philosophy named after Leon Trotsky

Trotskyite n
trockista trockistka
an advocate of the communist doctrines of Leon Trotsky

Troy /tɹɔɪ/ pn
Troja
an ancient city

Trumpeldor pn
Trumpeldor
surname

Tskhinvali /ˈtskɪnvali/ pn
Cchinwali
A city in Georgia

Tube pn
londyńskie metro
informal: the London underground

Tucana pn
Tukan
constellation

Tuesday /ˈt(j)uzdeɪ/ /ˈtjuːzd(e)ɪ/ /ˈt͡ʃʉːzdæe/ n
wtorek
day of the week

Tula pn
Tuła
city

Tunis /ˈtjuːnɪs/ /ˈtuːnəs/ pn
Tunis
capital of Tunisia

Tunisia /tjuːˈnɪzi.ə/ /tuˈniʒ.ə/ pn
Tunezja
Republic of Tunisia

Tunisian adj
tunezyjski
pertaining to Tunisia

Tunisian n
Tunezyjczyk Tunezyjka
person from Tunisia

Turin /tjʊəˈɹɪn/ pn
Turyn
city
province

Turinese adj
turyński
of or relating to Turin

Turinese n
turynka turyńczyk
a person from Turin

Turkey /ˈtɜː.ki/ /ˈtɝ.ki/ pn
Turcja
country at intersection of Europe and Asia

Turkic adj
turkijski
of or relating to this language group or the people who speak it

Turkish /ˈtɜː.kɪʃ/ /ˈtɝ.kɪʃ/ adj
turecki
of, from or pertaining to Turkey, the Turkish people or the Turkish language

Turkish /ˈtɜː.kɪʃ/ /ˈtɝ.kɪʃ/ n
turecki
official language of Turkey and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Turkish coffee n
kawa po turecku
type of coffee

Turkish delight n
rachatłukum
confection

Turkman /ˈtɜɹkmən/ n
Turkmen Turkmenka
person from Turkmenistan

Turkmen /ˈtɜːk.mən/ /ˈtɝk.mən/ adj
turkmeński
of or pertaining to Turkmenistan, the Turkmen people or the Turkmen language

Turkmenistan /tɚkˈmɛn.ɪ.stæn/ /ˌtɜːkmɛn.ɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Turkmenistan
Central Asian country

Turks and Caicos Islands /ˈtɜː(ɹ)ks ən ˈkeɪkəs ˌaɪləndz/ pn
Turks i Caicos
a British overseas territory in the Caribbean

Tuscany /ˈtʌskəni/ pn
Toskania
region in Italy

Tutankhamon /ˌtu.tɑŋˈkɑ.mən/ /ˌtuːtənˈkɑːmən/ pn
Tutanchamon
Egyptian Pharaoh

Tuva /ˈtuːvə/ pn
Tuwa
a republic of the Russian Federation

Tuvalu /tuːˈvɑː.luː/ pn
Tuvalu Tuwalu
country in Oceania

Tuvaluan /tuːˈvɑluːən/ adj
tuwalski
Of, from, or pertaining to Tuvalu, the Tuvaluan people or the Tuvaluan language

Tuvan /ˈtuːvən/ adj
tuwański
pertaining to Tuva or its people or culture

Tuvan /ˈtuːvən/ n
Tuwanka Tuwańczyk
person

Tuvan /ˈtuːvən/ pn
tuwański
language

Tuzla pn
Tuzla
a city in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Tver pn
Twer
city

Tyan pn
Eugeniusz
name Tyan

Tychonoff cube n
kostka Tichonowa
topological space

Tyr pn
Tyr
norse god

Tyre /ˈtaɪə(ɹ)/ pn
Tyr
an ancient sea port and city state of Phoenicia

Tyrian n
Tyryjczyk Tyryjka
person from Tyre

Tyrrhenian Sea pn
Morze Tyrreńskie
Part of the Mediterranean Sea

Tyrtaeus pn
Tyrtajos Tyrteusz
Ancient Greek name

Tyumen pn
Tiumeń
a city in Russia

UEFA /juˈeɪfə/ pn
UEFA
Union of European Football Associations

UFO /ˌjuˌɛfˈoʊ/ /ˌjuːɛfˈəʊ/ n
NOL UFO
an unidentified flying object

UN pn
ONZ
United Nations

UN Security Council pn
Rada Bezpieczeństwa ONZ
international organ

UNESCO /juːˈnɛskoʊ/ pn
UNESCO
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

UPS n
UPS zasilacz awaryjny zasilacz bezprzerwowy
uninterruptible power supply

US /juː.ɛs/ pn
St.Zj.
abbreviation of United States

US Virgin Islands pn
Wyspy Dziewicze Stanów Zjednoczonych
Country in the Caribbean

USA /juː ɛs ˈeɪ/ /ˌju ˌɛs ˈeɪ/ pn
USA
United States of America

USSR /ˌju.ɛs.ɛsˈɑ(ɹ)/ pn
ZSRR
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Udi pn
udyjski
language

Udine pn
Udine
capital
province

Udmurt adj
udmurcki
pertaining to Udmurts, Udmurtia, or the Udmurt language

Udmurt n
Udmurta Udmurtka Udmurtyjka
person

Udmurt pn
udmurcki
language

Udmurtia pn
Udmurcja
a republic of Russia in the Caucasus region

Ufa pn
Ufa
city

Uganda /juˈɡændə/ pn
Uganda
Republic of Uganda

Ugandan /juˈɡɑndən/ /juːˈɡændən/ adj
ugandyjski
Of, from, or pertaining to Uganda, the Ugandan people or the Ugandan language

Ugandan /juˈɡɑndən/ /juːˈɡændən/ n
Ugandyjczyk Ugandyjka
A person from Uganda or of Ugandan descent

Ugaritic adj
ugarycki
pertaining to the ancient city of Ugarit

Ugaritic pn
ugarycki
language

Ugric adj
ugryjski
of or pertaining to a group of languages

Ukraine /juˈkɹeɪn/ /juːˈkɹeɪn/ pn
Ukraina
Eastern European country

Ukrainian /juːˈkɹeɪnɪən/ adj
ukraiński
relating to Ukraine or its people

Ukrainian /juːˈkɹeɪnɪən/ n
Ukrainiec Ukrainka
ethnic/citizen
ukraiński język ukraiński
language

Ukrainophobia n
ukrainofobia
the fear of Ukraine or Ukrainian

Ulaanbaatar /ˌuːlɑːn ˈbɑːtə(ɹ)/ pn
Ułan Bator
the capital of Mongolia

Ulan-Ude pn
Ułan Ude
capital of Buryatia, Russia

Ulric /ʊl.ɹɪk/ pn
Ulryk
male given name

Ulrica pn
Ulryka
female given name

Uluru /ˈuːluɹuː/ pn
Uluru
giant rock in Australia

Ulyanovsk /ʊlˈjɑːnɒfsk/ pn
Uljanowsk
city

Uman pn
Humań
city in Ukraine

Umbria pn
Umbria
region of Italy

Umbrian /ˈʌmbɹi.ən/ adj
umbryjski
relating to Umbria or to its inhabitants or extinct language

Umbrian /ˈʌmbɹi.ən/ n
Umbryjczyk Umbryjka
an inhabitant of Umbria

Umbrian /ˈʌmbɹi.ən/ pn
umbryjski
language

Uncle Sam pn
Wuj Sam
personification of the US government

Unicode /ˈjunɪˌkəʊd/ /ˈjuːnɪˌkəʊd/ pn
Unicode
series of computer encoding standards

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics pn
Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich
a confederation of Communist states

Unitarian n
unitarianin unitarianka
a Christian who does not ascribe to Trinitarian theology
unitarianin-uniwersalista
a modern follower of Unitarian Universalism

Unitarianism n
unitarianizm
the religious belief that God is a single person

United Arab Emirates /juˌnaɪtɪd ˌæɹəb ˈɛmɪɹɪts/ /juːˌnaɪtɪd ˌæɹəb ˈɛmɪɹɪts/ pn
Zjednoczone Emiraty Arabskie
country in the Middle East

United Kingdom /juːˌnaɪ.tɪd ˈkɪŋ.dəm/ pn
Zjednoczone Królestwo
Kingdom in Europe

United Kingdom of Great Britain pn
Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii
United Kingdom of Great Britain

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland pn
Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland pn
Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii Północnej
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

United Nations pn
Organizacja Narodów Zjednoczonych
international coalition

United Nations Economic and Social Council pn
Rada Gospodarcza i Społeczna ONZ
one of the six principal organs of the United Nations

United States /juˌnaɪtɪ̈d ˈsteɪts/ /juːˌnaɪtɨd ˈsteɪts/ pn
Stany Zjednoczone USA
the United States

United States of America /juˌnaɪtɪ̈d ˌsteɪts əv əˈmɛɹɪ̈kə/ /juːˌnaɪtɨd ˌsteɪts əv əˈmɛɹɨkə/ pn
Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki USA Ameryka
country in North America

Upper Silesia pn
Górny Śląsk
region

Upper Sorbian pn
górnołużycki
a Slavic language spoken in part of Saxony

Uppsala /ʊpˈsɑlə/ /ˈʊpsɑːlə/ pn
Uppsala
city in eastern central Sweden

Ural Mountains pn
Ural
mountains

Ural owl n
puszczyk uralski sowa uralska
Strix uralensis

Urania /jʊˈɹeɪ.ni.ə/ pn
Urania
the Muse of astronomy

Uranus /ˈjuɹənəs/ /ˈjʊɹənəs/ pn
Uranos Uran
god of the sky and heavens
Uran Uranos
planet

Urban pn
Urban
male given name

Urdu /ˈʊəɹduː/ n
urdu
the Indo-Iranian language

Uriah pn
Uriasz
biblical character
male given name

Urim and Thummim n
Urim i Tumim
sacred devices used for casting lots

Ursa Major /ˌɝsə ˈmeɪdʒɚ/ pn
Wielka Niedźwiedzica
large circumpolar constellation of the northern sky

Ursa Minor /ˌɝsə ˈmaɪnɚ/ pn
Mała Niedźwiedzica
a circumpolar constellation of the northern sky

Ursula pn
Urszula
female given name

Uruguay /ˈjʊə.ɹə.ɡwaɪ/ /ˈjʊɹ.ə.ɡwaɪ/ pn
Urugwaj
country

Uruguayan /uɹuˈɡwaɪən/ adj
urugwajski
of Uruguay

Uruguayan /uɹuˈɡwaɪən/ n
Urugwajczyk Urugwajka
a person from Uruguay

Usedom pn
Uznam
island

Usonian /juːˈsoʊni.ən/ adj
usański
of the USA

Ussuriysk pn
Ussuryjsk
city in Russia

Ust-Luga pn
Ust-Ługa
Ust-Luga

Utah /ˈjuːˌtɑː/ pn
Utah
a state of the United States of America

Utrecht /juːˈtɹɛxt/ /ˈjuˌtɹɛkt/ pn
Utrecht
city in the Netherlands
province of the Netherlands

Utsunomiya pn
Utsunomiya
a city of Japan

Uyghur /uj.ˈɡuɹ/ /uj.ˈɡʊə/ /ˈwiːɡɚ/ adj
ujgurski
of, from, or pertaining to the Uyghur people or the Uyghur language

Uyghur /uj.ˈɡuɹ/ /uj.ˈɡʊə/ /ˈwiːɡɚ/ pn
język ujgurski
language

Uzbek adj
uzbecki
of, from, or pertaining to Uzbekistan, its people or language

Uzbek n
uzbecki
language
Uzbek Uzbeczka Uzbekistanka Uzbekistańczyk
person

Uzbekistan /ʊzˌbɛkɪˈstɑːn/ pn
Uzbekistan
Republic of Uzbekistan

Uzbekistani n
Uzbekistanka Uzbekistańczyk
A person from Uzbekistan

Uzh pn
Uż
river

Uzhhorod pn
Użhorod
a city in western Ukraine

VAT /væt/ /ˌviːeɪˈtiː/ n
VAT PTU
value-added tax

VFD n
OSP
US: Volunteer Fire Department

VIP n
VIP
abbreviation: very important person

Valencia /vəˈlɛnsi.ə/ pn
Walencja
capital of the Valencian Community

Valentine n
Walenty
male given name

Valentine's Day pn
walentynki
Saint Valentine's Day

Valentinus pn
Walentyn
gnostic theologian

Valhalla /vælˈhælə/ pn
Walhalla
in Norse mythology, the home of warriors slain gloriously in battle

Valle d'Aosta /ˌvaleɪ dɑːˈɒstə/ pn
Dolina Aosty
region of northwestern Italy

Valletta pn
Valletta
capital of Malta

Vancouver /væŋˈkuː.vɚ/ pn
Vancouver
city

Vandal n
Wandal
member of an ancient east Germanic tribe

Vanuatu /væn.uːˈɑː.tuː/ /vɑ.nuˈɑ.tu/ pn
Vanuatu
Republic of Vanuatu

Varna pn
Warna
city in Bulgaria

Varsovian adj
warszawski
of, from or relating to Warsaw

Varsovian n
warszawiak warszawianin warszawianka
someone from Warsaw

Vatican /ˈvæ.tɪ.kən/ adj
watykański
Relating to the Vatican City state

Vatican /ˈvæ.tɪ.kən/ pn
Watykan
state

Vatican City /ˈvæ.tɪ.kən ˈsɪt.i/ pn
Watykan
State of the Vatican City

Vela pn
Żagiel
constellation

Velcro pn
rzep
fastener

Vendémiaire /vɛnˌdɛmɪˈɛː/ /ˌvɑndəˈmjɛəɹ/ pn
vendémiaire
the first month of the French Republican Calendar

Venetian /vəˈniʃən/ /vɪˈniːʃən/ adj
wenecki
relating to Venice

Venetian /vəˈniʃən/ /vɪˈniːʃən/ n
wenecjanin wenecjanka
inhabitant of Venice

Venetian /vəˈniʃən/ /vɪˈniːʃən/ pn
wenecki
Romance language spoken in Veneto

Venetian blind n
żaluzja
blind consisting of overlapping horizontal slats

Venezuela /ˌvɛn.ɪˈzweɪ.lə/ pn
Wenezuela
country

Venezuelan adj
wenezuelski
of, from, or pertaining to Venezuela or the Venezuelan people

Venezuelan n
Wenezuelczyk Wenezuelka
person from Venezuela or of Venezuelan descent

Venice /ˈvɛnɪs/ pn
Wenecja
city and province in Italy
empire

Ventspils pn
Windawa
city in Latvia

Ventôse /vɑnˈtoʊz/ /vɒ̃ˈtəʊz/ pn
ventôse
the sixth month of the French Republican Calendar

Venus /ˈvinəs/ /ˈviːnəs/ pn
Wenus
planet
goddess

Vercingetorix pn
Wercyngetoryks
Gallic chieftain

Verona /vɪˈɹəʊnə/ pn
Werona
city straddling the river Adige in Veneto, northern Italy
province in the Veneto region of northern Italy

Veronica pn
Weronika
female given name

Versailles /vəɹˈsaɪ/ /vɛəˈsaɪ/ pn
Wersal
suburb of Paris

Vesuvius /vəˈsu.vi.əs/ pn
Wezuwiusz
volcano in Italy

Vetka pn
Wietka
a town in Belarus

Vicenza pn
Vicenza
city or province in Veneto, Italy

Victor pn
Wiktor
male given name

Victoria /vɪkˈtɔːɹi.ə/ pn
Wiktoria
female given name

Victorian /vɪkˈtɔːɹiən/ adj
wiktoriański
relating to the reign of Queen Victoria
displaying the standards of the time of Queen Victoria
style of architecture

Victory Day n
Dzień Zwycięstwa
a day to commemorate victories in important battles or wars in the countries' history

Vienna /vaɪˈi.nə/ /vaɪˈæ.nə/ /vaɪˈɛ.nə/ /viˈɛ.nə/ /ˈvaɪ.ə.nə/ pn
Wiedeń
capital of Austria

Vienna sausage n
frankfurterka

Viennese /ˌviː.ən.iːz/ adj
wiedeński
connected with Vienna

Viennese /ˌviː.ən.iːz/ n
wiedeńczyk
inhabitant

Vientiane /viˌɛntiˈɑːn/ pn
Wientian
capital of Laos

Vietnam /(ˌ)vjɛtˈnɑːm/ /viˌɛtˈnɑm/ pn
Wietnam
country in Southeast Asia

Vietnamese /ˌviː.ət.nəˈmiːz/ adj
wietnamski
of or pertaining to Vietnam

Vietnamese /ˌviː.ət.nəˈmiːz/ n
Wietnamczyk Wietnamka wietnamski
Vietnamese person
wietnamski język wietnamski
language

Viking /ˈvaɪkɪŋ/ n
wiking
One of the Scandinavian seafaring warriors

Vilnian adj
wileński
from Vilnius

Vilnius pn
Wilno
capital of Lithuania

Vincent /ˈvɪnsənt/ pn
Wincenty
male given name

Vinnytsia pn
Winnica
city

Violet pn
Wioletta Wioleta
female given name

Virgil pn
Wergiliusz
Roman writer

Virgin pn
Panna
Mary, the mother of Jesus
constellation or star sign

Virgin Mary pn
Bogurodzica Madonna Najświętsza Maryja Panna Bogarodzica Dziewica Maryja Maryja Panna
mother of Christ

Virginia /vɚˈdʒɪn.jə/ pn
Wirginia
state

Virgo /ˈvɜːɡəʊ/ /ˈvɝɡoʊ/ pn
Panna
astrological sign
constellation

Visean pn
wizen
A subdivision of the Carboniferous period

Visegrád pn
Wyszegrad Wyszehrad
town in Hungary

Vishnu /ˈvɪʃnu/ pn
Wisznu
the god

Visigothic adj
wizygocki
of or pertaining to the Visigoths

Vistula /ˈvɪstʃʊlə/ pn
Wisła
Polish river

Vitebsk pn
Witebsk Wiciebsk
city

Vixen pn
Złośnik
reindeer of Santa Claus

Vladikavkaz pn
Władykaukaz
city

Vladimir /ˈvlæd.ɪm.iə(ɹ)/ pn
Włodzimierz
Russian city
Władimir Włodzimierz
male given name

Vladivostok pn
Władywostok
seaport in Russia

Vltava /vəlˈtɑːvə/ pn
Wełtawa
a major river in the Czech Republic

Vojvodina /ˌvɔɪvəˈdiːnə/ pn
Wojwodina
autonomous province of Serbia

Volans pn
Ryba Latająca
small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky

Volapük /volaˈpyk/ /ˈvɒləˌpʊk/ pn
wolapik volapük
language

Volga /ˈvoʊlɡə/ pn
Wołga
longest river in Europe, flowing to the Caspian Sea

Volgograd pn
Wołgograd
Volgograd

Volhynia pn
Wołyń
region

Vologda pn
Wołogda
city in Russia

Volyn pn
Wołyń obwód wołyński
oblast

Vormsi pn
Vormsi
fourth largest island in Estonia

Voronezh pn
Woroneż
city in Russia

Vosges /voʊʒ/ pn
Wogezy
mountain range in France

Vulgar Latin pn
łacina ludowa
the Latin language as spoken by people

Vulgate /ˈvʌlɡeɪt/ pn
Wulgata
Latin Bible translation

Vulpecula /vʌlˈpɛkjələ/ pn
Lisek
autumn constellation

Váh pn
Wag
river in Slovakia

Vänern pn
Wener
Swedish lake

WC n
WC w.c.
abbreviation for water closet

WWW /ˈdʌb ˈdʌb ˈdʌb/ /ˈdʌb.jə ˈdʌb.jə ˈdʌb.jə/ /ˈdʌb.əl.juː ˈdʌb.əl.juː ˈdʌb.əl.juː/ [dʌɥʊ̆dʌɥʊ̆dʌbˡju] pn
WWW
World Wide Web (abbreviation)

Wadden Sea pn
Morze Wattowe
Wadden Sea

Wadowice pn
Wadowice
city in Poland

Waldemar pn
Waldemar
male given name

Wales /weɪlz/ pn
Walia
a constituent nation of the UK

Wallachia /wɒlˈeɪ.kiː.ə/ pn
Wołoszczyzna
region in Romania

Wallis and Futuna pn
Wallis i Futuna
an overseas territory of France in Oceania

Wallonia /wəˈləʊnɪə/ pn
Walonia
a region

Walloon /wəˈluːn/ adj
waloński
referring to the French-speaking people of southern Belgium
referring to the Romance language

Walloon /wəˈluːn/ n
Walonka Walończyk
an inhabitant of Wallonia

Walloon /wəˈluːn/ pn
waloński
Romance language

Walloon Brabant pn
Brabancja Walońska
province

Walpurgis night n
Noc Walpurgi
Walpurgis Night

Walter /ˈwɑltɚ/ /ˈwɔltɚ/ /ˈwɔːltə/ pn
Walter
male given name

Wanda /ˈwɒndə/ pn
Wanda
female given name

Waray-Waray pn
warajski
central Philippine Visayan language

Warmian adj
warmiński
of or from Warmia

Warsaw /ˈwɔɹsɔ/ /ˈwɔːsɔː/ pn
Warszawa
capital city of Poland

Warsaw Pact pn
Układ Warszawski
military alliance
pact

Warsaw Uprising pn
powstanie warszawskie
millitary operation

Warta pn
Warta
river

Warwick /ˈwɒɹɪk/ /ˈwɔɹɪk/ pn
Warwick
county town of Warwickshire

Washington /ˈwɑʃɪŋtən/ /ˈwɒʃɪŋtən/ pn
Waszyngton
name

Washington, D.C. pn
Waszyngton
federal capital of the United States of America

Way of the Cross n
droga krzyżowa
series of images

Wałbrzych pn
Wałbrzych
city in southwest Poland

Wednesday /ˈwenzdæe/ /ˈwɛ(ʔə)nzde/ /ˈwɛnzdeɪ/ n
środa
day of the week

Wellington /ˈwelɘŋtɘn/ /ˈwɛlɪŋtən/ pn
Wellington
capital of New Zealand

Wellington boots n
kalosz
waterproof rubber boot

Welsh /wɛlʃ/ adj
walijski
of or pertaining to Wales
of or pertaining to the Welsh language

Welsh /wɛlʃ/ n
Walijczycy
collectively, people of Wales
język walijski walijski
language

Welshman n
Walijczyk
native or inhabitant of Wales

Welshwoman n
Walijka
woman who is a native or inhabitant of Wales

Wenceslaus pn
Wacław
male given name

Wend n
Wend
member of a Slavic people from the borders of Germany and Poland

Weser pn
Wezera
river in Germany

Wessex /ˈwɛs.ɪks/ pn
Wessex
A former kingdom in England.

West pn
Zachód
Western Europe, non-Cold War concept
Okcydent Zachód
Western world

West Bank pn
Zachodni Brzeg
territory

West Berlin pn
Berlin Zachodni
western Berlin between 1949 and 1990

West Coast pn
Zachodnie Wybrzeże
the western seaboard of the United States

West Flanders pn
Flandria Zachodnia
Belgian province in Flanders

West Frisian pn
zachodniofryzyjski
language spoken in Friesland
the Western Frisian dialect of Dutch

West Slavic pn
zachodniosłowiański
of or relating to the West Slavs

West Virginia /ˈwɛst vɚˈdʒɪn.jə/ pn
Wirginia Zachodnia
US state

Western Asia pn
Azja Zachodnia
the westernmost subregion of Asia

Western Australia pn
Australia Zachodnia
state of Australia

Western Europe pn
Europa Zachodnia
Western Europe

Western European adj
zachodnioeuropejski
Western European

Western Sahara pn
Sahara Zachodnia
a territory in northern Africa

Western Wall pn
Mur Zachodni Ściana Płaczu
ancient wall in Jerusalem, remnant of the Jewish Second Temple

Westminster Abbey pn
Opactwo Westminsterskie
large Gothic church

Westminster Cathedral pn
Katedra Westminsterska
chuerch

Wheel of Fortune pn
Koło Fortuny
television game show

Whirling Dervish n
Wirujący Derwisze
ascetic order

White House pn
Biały Dom
the official residence of the President of the United States of America

White Sea pn
Morze Białe
a sea to the northwest of Russia

Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪ.faɪ/ n
Wi-Fi bezprzewodowe połączenie internetowe
computing: wireless data communication standard

Wikipedia /ˌwɪkiˈpiːdi.ə/ /ˌwɪkɪˈpiːdɪə/ pn
Wikipedia
online encyclopedia

Wikipedian /wɪ.kɪˈpiː.dɪ.ən/ adj
wikipedystyczny
of or relating to Wikipedia

Wikipedian /wɪ.kɪˈpiː.dɪ.ən/ n
wikipedysta wikipedystka
a person who uses, edits, or contributes to Wikipedia

Wiktionary /ˈwɪkʃən(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪkʃənɹɪ/ /ˈwɪkʃəˌnɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪkʃəˌnɛɹi/ /ˈʋɪkʃ.nə.ɾi/ pn
Wikisłownik
the collaborative project; a particular version of this project written in a certain language

Wilamowice pn
Wilamowice
city in Poland

Wild Hunt n
Dziki Łów
folk myth

Wilhelmina pn
Wilhelmina
female form of William

William /ˈwɪljəm/ pn
Wilhelm
male given name

Wiltshire /ˈwɪlt.ʃə(ɹ)/ pn
Wiltshire
inland county in England

Windhoek /ˈwɪndhʊk/ pn
Windhuk
capital of Namibia

Winnie the Pooh pn
Kubuś Puchatek
the fictional bear

Worcestershire sauce /ˈwʊs.tɚ.ʃɚ ˈsɔːs/ /ˈwʊstə(ɹ)ʃə(ɹ) ˈsɔːs/ n
sos Worcestershire
English condiment

Wordian pn
word
A subdivision of the Permian period.

World Exposition n
wystawa światowa
a regular international exposition

World Trade Organization pn
Światowa Organizacja Handlu
World Trade Organization

World War II pn
druga wojna światowa
war from 1939 to 1945

World Wide Web pn
World Wide Web ogólnoświatowa sieć
information space on the Internet

Worms /vɔɹmz/ /vɔːmz/ pn
Wormacja
a city in Germany

Wroclaw /ˈvɹɒtslɑːv/ /ˈvɹɔts.wɑf/ pn
Wrocław
a city in southwestern Poland

Wuchiapingian pn
wucziaping
A subdivision of the Permian period.

Wymysorys pn
wilamowicki wilamowski
A West Germanic language spoken in the Polish town of Wilamowice.

X-ray /ˈɛks ɹeɪ/ /ˈɛks ˌɹeɪ/ n
x-ray
the letter "X" in ICAO spelling alphabet

Xanthi pn
Ksanti
city in Greece

Xavier /ˈzeɪ.vjɚ/ /ˈzeɪvɪə/ pn
Ksawery
male given name

Xbox n
Xbox
video game console manufactured and distributed by Microsoft

Xenia /ˈziːniə/ pn
Ksenia
female given name

Xenophanes /zɛˈnɒfəniːz/ pn
Ksenofanes
a Greek philosopher and a poet

Xenophon pn
Ksenofont
historian and philosopher

Xerxes /ˈzɜk.siːz/ /ˈzɝksiːz/ pn
Kserkses
Xerxes I of Persia
Xerxes II of Persia
given name

Xhosa /ˈkoʊ.sə/ /ˈkəʊ.sə/ n
xhosa
Xhosa language

Xinjiang /ˈʃɪnˈdʒjæŋ/ pn
Sinkiang
autonomous region of China

YIVO pn
JIWO YIVO
Acronym of organization

YOLO /ˈjoʊ.loʊ/ phraseologicalUnit
Raz kozie śmierć! Raz się żyje!
you only live once

Yagi-Uda antenna n
antena Yagi antena Yagi-Uda
type of directional antenna

Yahweh /ˈjɑːˌweɪ/ pn
Jahwe
personal name of God

Yakut pn
jakucki
language

Yakutia /jəˈkuːtɪə/ pn
Jakucja
region in North Asia

Yakutsk pn
Jakuck
city in Russia

Yalta pn
Jałta
city in Crimea

Yamal pn
Jamał
a large peninsula in the Russian North

Yandex /ˈjan.dɛks/ pn
Yandex
Yandex (in other scripts, the trademark may also be written in Roman letters)

Yangon [jæŋˈɡɑn] pn
Rangun
largest city in Myanmar

Yangtze /ˈjæŋ(t)si/ pn
Jangcy
river

Yankee /ˈjæŋ.ki/ n
jankes
native or inhabitant of the USA

Yanukovych pn
Janukowicz
Ukrainian surname

Yaoundé pn
Jaunde
capital of Cameroon

Yap pn
Yap
an island in the Caroline Islands of western Micronesia

Yarmouk pn
Jarmuk
a river in the Middle East

Yaroslav pn
Jarosław
Slavic name

Yaroslavl pn
Jarosław
city

Yazidism pn
jazydyzm jezydyzm
religion

Yekaterinburg pn
Jekaterynburg
city in Russia

Yellow Sea pn
Morze Żółte
Asian sea

Yeltsin /ˈjeltsɪn/ pn
Jelcyn
Russian surname

Yemen /ˈjɛmən/ pn
Jemen
Republic of Yemen

Yemeni adj
jemeński
of, from, or pertaining to Yemen, or the Yemeni people

Yemeni n
Jemenka Jemeńczyk
a person from Yemen or of Yemeni descent

Yenisei /ˌjɛnəˈseɪ/ pn
Jenisej
river in Russia

Yerevan /jɛɾɛˈvɑn/ /ˌjeɹəˈvæːn/ /ˌjeɹəˈvɑːn/ pn
Erywań
the capital and largest city of Armenia

Yiddish /ˈjɪd.ɪʃ/ adj
jidysz
of or pertaining to the Yiddish language

Yiddish /ˈjɪd.ɪʃ/ pn
jidysz
language

Yiddishland pn
Jidyszland
area was Yiddish was spoken

Yokohama pn
Jokohama
a city of Japan

Yolanda pn
Jolanta
female given name

Yoruba /ˈjɒɹʊbə/ /ˈjɔːɹəbə/ pn
joruba
a sub-Saharan language

Yoshkar-Ola pn
Joszkar-Oła
city in Russia

YouTube /ˈjutub/ /ˈjuːtjuːb/ /ˈjʉːtʃʉːb/ pn
YouTube
a video-sharing website

YouTuber n
youtuber youtuberka
YouTube user
YouTuber YouTuberka jutuber jutuberka
YouTube video creator

YouTubular adj
youtubowy
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of YouTube

Young's modulus n
moduł Younga
coefficient of elasticity of a solid

Your Majesty pronoun
Wasza Wysokość
Title of respect

Ypresian pn
Ipres
subdivision of the Eocene epoch

Yucatán pn
Półwysep Jukatan
a peninsula in North America
Jukatan
a state in Mexico

Yugoslavia /juːɡəˈslɑːvi.ə/ pn
Jugosławia
former country in the Balkans

Yugoslavian adj
jugosłowiański
of or relating to Yugoslavia

Yugoslavian n
Jugosłowianin Jugosłowianka
a native of Yugoslavia

Yukon /ˈjuː.kɒn/ pn
Jukon
territory in northern Canada which has Whitehorse as its capital

Yup'ik /ˈjuːpɪk/ pn
język yupik środkowy
a language of the Eskimo-Aleut family

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk pn
Jużnosachalińsk
city in Russia

Zachary /ˈzækəɹi/ pn
Zachariasz
male given name

Zagreb /ˈzɑːɡɹɛb/ pn
Zagrzeb
capital of Croatia

Zagrebian adj
zagrzebski
from Zagreb

Zagrebian n
zagrzebianin zagrzebianka
someone from Zagreb

Zakarpattia pn
Zakarpacie
oblast

Zakynthos /ˈzakɪnθɒs/ /ˈzɑkɪnθɔs/ pn
Zakintos
Greek island, the third largest of the Ionian Islands

Zambia pn
Zambia
country in Southern Africa

Zambian adj
zambijski
Of or pertaining to Zambia or its people or language

Zambian n
Zambijczyk Zambijka
A person from Zambia or of Zambian descent

Zanclean pn
zankl
subdivision of the Pliocene epoch.

Zanzibar pn
Zanzibar
island region

Zaporizhia pn
Zaporoże
city

Zaragoza pn
Saragossa
city in Spain

Zealand pn
Zelandia
Danish island

Zebedee pn
Zebedeusz
biblical character

Zebulun pn
Zabulon
male given name
ninth son of Jacob
one of the Israelite tribes

Zechariah /ˌzɛkəˈɹaɪə/ pn
Księga Zachariasza
book of the Bible
Zachariasz
king of Israel
Hebrew prophet traditionally considered the author of the Book of Zechariah
father of John the Baptist

Zeeland pn
Zelandia
province

Zeelandic pn
dialekt zelandzki
language

Zemfira [zɪɱˈfiɹə] pn
Zemfira
transliteration of }}

Zeno /ˈziːnoʊ/ pn
Zenon
Greek name

Zephaniah /zɛfəˈnaɪə/ pn
Księga Sofoniasza Sofoniasz
book of the Bible

Zephyr pn
Zefir
Greek god

Zeus /z(j)uːs/ /zus/ pn
Zeus
supreme ruler of all Greek gods

Zheleznogorsk pn
Żeleznogorsk
town

Zhitomir pn
Żytomierz
city

Zhukov pn
Żukow
Russian surname

Zimbabwe /zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ/ pn
Zimbabwe
Republic of Zimbabwe

Zimbabwean adj
zimbabwejski zimbabweński
Of, from, or pertaining to Zimbabwe or the Zimbabwean people

Zion /ˈzaɪ.ən/ pn
Syjon
mountain in Israel

Zionism n
syjonizm
Jewish national liberation movement

Zionistic adj
syjonistyczny
of or pertaining to Zionism

Zoroastrianism /ˌzoʊɹ.oʊˈæs.tɹi.əˌnɪz.əm/ /ˌzɒɹəʊˈæstɹɪəˌnɪzəm/ pn
zaratusztrianizm zoroastryzm
religion and philosophy ascribed to Zoroaster

Zulu /ˈzuːluː/ adj
Zulus
pertaining to the Zulu people, culture, or language

Zulu /ˈzuːluː/ n
zulu
language
the letter "Z" in ICAO spelling alphabet

Zurich /ˈzjʊə.ɹɪk/ /ˈzɜɹ.ɪk/ pn
Zurych
city
canton

Zwickau /ˈtsvɪkaʊ/ pn
Ćwików
city in Germany

a /eɪ/ /æɪ/ /ə/ n
a
name of the letter A, a

a bad workman always blames his tools proverb
złej baletnicy przeszkadza rąbek spódnicy złej baletnicy przeszkadza rąbek u spódnicy złej baletnicy szkodzi rąbek przy spódnicy
not the tools but how they're employed

a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush proverb
lepszy wróbel w garści niż gołąb na dachu
small but certain advantage is preferable

a cappella /ˌæ.kəˈpɛl.ə/ /ˌɑ kəˈpɛl.ə/ adv
a cappella
performed by a choir with no instrumental accompaniment

a few determiner
kilka kilku niewiele niewielu
a small number of

a few pronoun
kilka
a small number of things

a friend in need is a friend indeed proverb
prawdziwych przyjaciół poznaje się w biedzie
someone who helps you in your time of need is a real friend

a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step proverb
podróż tysiąca mil zaczyna się od jednego kroku
a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step

a leopard cannot change its spots proverb
natura ciągnie wilka do lasu
one cannot change one's own nature

a lie has no legs proverb
kłamstwo ma krótkie nogi
you can't get away with a lie

a little adv
trochę
to a small extent or degree

a little bird told me phraseologicalUnit
ptaszki o tym ćwierkają
idiomatic

a lot /əˈlɑt/ /əˈlɒt/ adv
często
often
dużo wiele mnóstwo
very much

a lot /əˈlɑt/ /əˈlɒt/ n
wiele
a large amount

a new broom sweeps clean proverb
nowy szef, nowe porządki
new management will often make radical changes

a priori adv
z góry
derived by logic

a stitch in time saves nine proverb
lepiej zapobiegać niż leczyć
a timely effort can prevent larger problems

a- /ə/ prefix
a-
not, without, opposite of

a.m. adv
przed południem
before noon

aah interjection
ach
expressing amazement or surprise

aah n
ach
expression of amazement or surprise or enthusiasm

aardvark /ˈɑɹd.vɑɹk/ /ˈɑːd.vɑːk/ n
mrównik prosię ziemne
mammal

aardwolf /ˈɑɹd.ˌwʊlf/ /ˈɑːdˌwʊlf/ n
protel
the mammal species Proteles cristatus

ab /æb/ n
mięsień prosty brzucha
abdominal muscle

ab intra /ˌæb ˈɪn.tɹə/ adv
ab intra

abaca /ˌæb.əˈkɑ/ n
banan manilski
plant

abacist /əˈbɑ.kəst/ /ˈæb.ə.sɪst/ n
abacysta
One who uses an abacus.

aback /əˈbæk/ adv
do tyłu wstecz
backwards
z tyłu
in the rear
bieg wsteczny
said of sails pressed backward

abactor /ˈæˌbæk.tɚ/ n
złodziej bydła
one who steals and drives away cattle or beasts by herds

abacus /əˈbɑk.əs/ /ˈæb.ə.kəs/ n
abakus liczydło
calculating frame
abakus liczydło abak
obsolete: tray of sand for calculating
abakus
uppermost member of the capital of a column

abalone /æb.əˈloʊ.ni/ /æb.əˈləʊ.ni/ n
słuchotka ucho morskie
edible univalve mollusc

abamectin n
abamektyna
insecticide

abandon /əˈbæn.dn̩/ /əˈbæn.dən/ v
wyganiać wygonić
to cast out, expel, reject
porzucać porzucić
to give up control of, surrender
opuszczać opuścić
to leave behind or desert; to forsake
wyrzec się
to no longer exercise a right, relinquish a claim to property

abandoned /əˈbæn.dn̩d/ adj
opuszczony
no longer maintained, forsaken, deserted

abandonment /əˈbæn.dn̩.mn̩t/ n
abandon
act of abandoning

abandonware n
abandonware
software which has been abandoned by its developer

abash /əˈbæʃ/ v
speszyć zawstydzać
to make ashamed, to embarrass

abashed /əˈbæʃt/ adj
speszony zmieszany
embarrassed

abashment /əˈbæʃ.mənt/ n
zakłopotanie zmieszanie
the state of being abashed; confusion from shame

abasia /ə.ˈbeɪ.ʒə/ n
abazja
incapacity to walk

abatis /ˈæb.əˌti/ /ˈæb.əˌtiː/ n
zasiek
means of defense

abattoir /ˈæb.əˌtwɑɹ/ /ˈæb.əˌtwɑː(ɹ)/ n
jatka rzeźnia
a place likened to be a slaughterhouse
rzeźnia ubojnia
public slaughterhouse

abaxial /æbˈæk.si.əl/ /ˌæˈbæk.si.əl/ adj
odosiowy
botany, zoology: of a side away from central line

abaxially adv
odosiowo
in an abaxial manner

abbacy /ˈæb.ə.si/ n
opactwo
dignity, estate, or jurisdiction of an abbot

abbatial /əˈbeɪ.ʃl̩/ adj
opacki
belonging to an abbey

abbess /ˈæb.ɪs/ n
opatka przeorysza ksieni
female superior of a nunnery

abbey /ˈæb.i/ n
opactwo
monastery headed by an abbot
church of a monastery

abbot /ˈæb.ət/ n
opat
superior or head of an abbey or monastery

abbreviate /ə.ˈbɹiː.vi.eɪt/ /əˈbɹi.vi.eɪt/ /əˈbɹi.vi.ət/ v
skracać skrócić
to make shorter

abbreviated /əˈbɹi.viˌeɪ.tɪd/ /əˈbɹiːvieɪtɪd/ adj
skrócony
shortened

abbreviation /əˌbɹi.viˈeɪ.ʃn̩/ /əˌbɹiː.viˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
redukcja skracanie
mathematics: reduction to lower terms
skrót
shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase
act or result of shortening or reducing

abciximab n
abciksimab
antiplatelet drug

abdomen /ˈæb.də.mən/ n
brzuch odwłok
belly
odwłok
the posterior section of an arthropod's body

abdominal /æbˈdɑm.ə.nl̩/ /æbˈdɒm.ə.nl̩/ adj
brzuszny
of or pertaining to the abdomen

abduct /æbˈdʌkt/ v
uprowadzać uprowadzić
to take away

abductor /æbˈdʌk.tɚ/ n
abduktor
muscle

abelian /əˈbi.li.ən/ adj
abelowa przemienna
math: of a group

abelian group /əˈbi.li.ən ɡɹup/ n
grupa abelowa grupa przemienna
group in which the group operation is commutative

abend /ˈæbɛnd/ n
przerwanie
abnormal end

abhor /æbˈhɔɹ/ /əbˈhɔː(ɹ)/ v
czuć odrazę nie cierpieć
to regard with horror or detestation

ability /əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ n
zdolność
quality or state of being able

abiogenesis /ˌeɪbaɪəʊˈdʒɛnəsɪs/ /ˌeɪˌbaioʊˈdʒɛnəsɪs/ n
abiogeneza samorództwo
origination of living organisms from lifeless matter

abjure /æbˈdʒʊɹ/ v
wyrzec się wyrzekać się
to renounce with solemnity

ablative case n
ablatyw
grammatical case used to indicate movement away from something, removal, separation, source

ablaut /ˈɑbˌlaʊt/ n
przegłos
substitution of one root vowel for another

ablaze /əˈbleɪz/ adj
rozjarzony
in a state of glowing excitement
w ogniu
on fire

able /ˈeɪ.bl̩/ adj
mieć możliwość móc potrafić
permitted to
zdolny umiejętny zręczny
skillful

ableism /ˈeɪ.bəl.ɪz.m̩/ n
handicapizm
discrimination against persons with disabilities

abloom /əˈbluːm/ adv
w kwiatach
(postpositive) in or into bloom; in a blooming state

ably /ˈeɪ.bli/ adv
umiejętnie zręcznie
with great ability

abode /əˈboʊd/ /əˈbəʊd/ n
miejsce zamieszkania sadyba siedziba
slightly dated: residence

abolish /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/ /əˈbɒlɪʃ/ v
znosić obalać obalić znieść
to end a law, system, institution, custom or practice

abolishment /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ.mənt/ n
zniesienie
The act of abolishing

abolitionist /ˌæ.bə.ˈlɪʃ.n̩.ɪst/ n
abolicjonista abolicjonistka
person who favors the abolition

abomasum /ˌæb.oʊˈmeɪ.səm/ n
trawieniec
fourth or digestive stomach of a ruminant

abominable /ɘˈbɔm.ɘ.nɘ.bɯ/ /əˈbɑm.ə.nə.bl̩/ adj
niegodziwy odrażający ohydny plugawy
hateful; detestable; loathsome

abominable snowman /əˈbɑm.ə.nə.bl̩ ˈsnoʊ.mæn/ n
człowiek śniegu
humanoid or apelike animal said to exist in the Himalayas

aborigine /ˌæb.əˈɹɪdʒ.ɪ.ni/ n
aborygen autochton krajowiec tubylec
aboriginal inhabitant of a country

abort /əˈbɔɹt/ /əˈbɔːt/ v
przerwać
computing: to terminate a process prior to completion

abortion /əˈbɔɹ.ʃn̩/ n
aborcja
induced abortion
act of inducing abortion
something ugly
the act of aborting a project, etc
poronienie aborcja
miscarriage

abortionist /əˈbɔɹ.ʃə.nɪst/ n
aborcjonista aborcjonistka aborter
one who performs a legal abortion

abortive /əˈbɔɹ.tɪv/ /əˈbɔː.tɪv/ adj
nieudany
coming to naught; fruitless

about /əˈbaʊt/ /əˈbɛʊt/ /əˈbʌʊt/ adv
tu i tam tu i ówdzie wokoło wszędzie
here and there
wkoło
in circuit
około niemal prawie
nearly, approximately
dookoła wokoło wokół
on all sides
wstecz
to a reversed order, or opposite direction

about /əˈbaʊt/ /əˈbɛʊt/ /əˈbʌʊt/ preposition
o
concerning
przy
in the immediate neighborhood of
około o
near, approximately, regarding time, size or quantity
dookoła wokoło wokół
on every side of
ponad
over or upon different parts of

about time adv
najwyższy czas
close to the right time

above /əˈbʌv/ adj
powyższy
being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page

above /əˈbʌv/ adv
powyżej
earlier in order in writing
in a higher place

above /əˈbʌv/ preposition
nad powyżej
in or to a higher place
ponad
more
nad ponad powyżej
superior to, surpassing

above all
przede wszystkim
of prime importance

above average
ponadprzeciętny
Better than average

above-mentioned /əˈbʌvˌmɛnʃn̩d/ adj
powyższy wyżej wymieniony
mentioned or named before; aforesaid

abracadabra /ˌabɹəkəˈdabɹə/ /ˌæ.bɹə.kəˈdæ.bɹə/ interjection
abrakadabra
used to indicate that a magic trick or other illusion has been performed

abreast /əˈbɹɛst/ adv
obok siebie
side by side

abroad /əˈbɹɔd/ /əˈbɹɔːd/ adv
granica
in foreign countries

abroad /əˈbɹɔd/ /əˈbɹɔːd/ n
zagranica
countries or lands abroad

abrupt /ə.bɹʌpt/ adj
nagłe
without notice

abruptly /əˈbɹʌp.li/ adv
bezceremonialnie improwizując nagle raptem
in an abrupt manner

abscess /ˈæbˌsɛs/ n
ropień
cavity filled with pus

abscissa /æbˈsɪs.ə/ n
odcięta
first of two coordinates

abscond /æbˈskɑnd/ /əbˈskɒnd/ v
uciec zbiec
to flee, often secretly
to hide (something)
uciec od ukryć się przed uniknąć
to withdraw from

absence /ˈæb.sn̩s/ /ˈæbsɒns/ n
nieobecność
state of being away
lack; deficiency; non-existence
inattention to things present

absent-mindedness /ˌæb.sn̩tˈmaɪn.dɪd.nəs/ n
roztargnienie
state or quality of being preoccupied

absinthe /ˈæb.sænθ/ /ˈæb.sɪnθ/ n
piołun
Artemisia absinthium
absynt
liquor

absolute /ˈæb.səˌlut/ /ˈæb.səˌluːt/ adj
absolutny bezwarunkowy bezwzględny
free from limitations or conditions

absolute zero /ˈæb.səˌlut ˈzi.ɹoʊ/ n
zero bezwzględne
coldest possible temperature

absolutely /æb.səˈl(j)uːt.lɪ/ /ˌæb.səˈlut.li/ adv
absolutnie
in an absolute manner

absolution /æb.səˈljuː.ʃn̩/ /ˌæb.səˈl(j)u.ʃn̩/ n
rozgrzeszenie
absolving from ecclesiastical penalties

absolutism /ˈæb.sə.luː.tɪz.m̩/ /ˈæb.səˌluˌtɪz.m̩/ n
absolutyzm
political science: absolute or arbritary government; despotism

absorb /æbˈsɔɹb/ /əbˈzɔːb/ v
absorbować wchłaniać wchłonąć zaabsorbować
to consume completely
absorbować zaabsorbować pochłaniać pochłonąć
to include so that it no longer has separate existence
chłonąć pochłonąć
to learn
absorbować pochłaniać pochłonąć zaabsorbować
to occupy fully

absorption /æbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/ /əbˈzɔːp.ʃn̩/ n
absorpcja pochłanianie
act or process of absorbing or sucking in anything
absorbowanie pochłanianie
act or process of being absorbed and made to disappear
absorpcja
chemistry, physics: imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action
zaabsorbowanie
entire occupation of the mind
przyswajanie absorpcja
physiology: process by which the materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed

absquatulate /æb.ˈskwɑtʃ.ʊ.leɪt/ v
zwiewać
to leave quickly or in a hurry; to take oneself off; to decamp; to depart

abstain /əbˈsteɪn/ v
powstrzymać się powstrzymywać się
refrain from
wstrzymać się wstrzymywać się
refrain from voting

abstention /æbˈstɛn.ʃn̩/ /əbˈstɛn.ʃn̩/ n
abstynencja
the act of abstaining

abstersion /æbˈstɜː.ʒn̩/ /æbˈstɝ.ʒn̩/ n
czyszczenie
the act of cleaning

abstinence /ˈæb.stɪ.nəns/ n
abstynencja
specifically, abstinence from alcohol
the practice of self-denial
wstrzemięźliwość abstynencja
specifically, abstinence from sexual intercourse
abstynencja wstrzemięźliwość
the act or practice of abstaining

abstinent /ˈæb.stə.nn̩t/ /ˈæb.stɪ.nn̩t/ n
abstynent
one who abstains

abstract /ˈæbˌstɹækt/ /ˌæbˈstɹækt/ n
streszczenie podsumowanie
an abridgement or summary
abstrakcja abstrakt
an abstraction

abstraction /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/ /əbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/ n
abstrakcja
act of abstracting

abstractionism /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩ˌɪz.m̩/ n
abstrakcjonizm
abstract art

absurd /æbˈsɝd/ /æbˈzɝd/ /əbˈsɜːd/ adj
absurdalny absurd
contrary to reason or propriety

absurd /æbˈsɝd/ /æbˈzɝd/ /əbˈsɜːd/ n
absurd bzdura bajda bezsens brednia niedorzeczność
obsolete: an absurdity

absurdism /æbˈsɝdˌɪz.m̩/ /əbˈsɜːdˌɪz.m̩/ n
absurdyzm
philosophy which holds that the universe is chaotic and irrational

absurdity /æbˈsɝd.ɪ.ti/ /əbˈsɜːd.ɪ.ti/ n
absurd
an absurd action

abulia /əˈb(j)uː.lɪə/ /əˈbu.li.ə/ n
abulia
absence of will-power or decisiveness

abundance /əˈbɑn.dənts/ /əˈbʌn.dn̩s/ n
obfitość
ample sufficiency

abundant /əˈbʌn.dn̩t/ adj
obfity
fully sufficient; plentiful

abundantly /əˈbʌn.dn̩t.li/ adv
obficie
in an abundant manner

abuse /əˈbjus/ /əˈbjuz/ /əˈbjuːs/ /əˈbjuːz/ n
nadużycie
improper usage
znęcanie się
physical maltreatment
molestowanie
sexual violation or assault

abuse /əˈbjus/ /əˈbjuːs/ v
maltretować zmaltretować znęcać się
to hurt
wykorzystywać seksualnie
to rape

abysmal /əˈbɪz.məl/ adj
beznadziejny
extremely bad

abyss /əˈbɪs/ n
otchłań przepaść
bottomless or unfathomed depth
moral depravity, vast intellectual or moral depth
czeluść otchłań przepaść
hell, bottomless pit

abzyme n
abzymy
antibody with catalytic properties

acacia /əˈkeɪ.ʃə/ n
akacja
shrub or tree

acacia tit n
sikora sawannowa
Melaniparus thruppi

academic /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/ adj
akademicki
belonging to an academy or other higher institution of learning
scholarly; literary or classical, in distinction from scientific

academical /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪ.kl̩/ adj
akademicki
Pertaining to a university or other form of higher education

academy /əˈkæd.ə.mi/ n
akademia
specialized school
college or university
learned society
place of training, school

acanthus /əˈkæn.θəs/ n
akant
ornament
plant

acarology /ækəˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/ n
akarologia
the study of ticks and mites

accede /æk.ˈsid/ /əkˈsiːd/ v
przystępować
obsolete: to approach
zgodzić się
to agree to a proposal or view
obejmować objąć
to enter upon an office or dignity
przystawać przystać przystąpić przyłączać się przyłączyć się wstąpić
to join a group

accelerate /ək.ˈsɛl.ə.ˌɹeɪt/ v
przyśpieszać się przyśpieszyć się
to become faster
to quicken natural or ordinary progression or process
przyśpieszać przyśpieszyć
to cause to move faster
to hasten

acceleration /ək.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
przyspieszenie
(physics)
amount
przyspieszenie akceleracja
act or state

accelerometer /æk.ˌsɛl.ə.ˈɹɑm.ə.tɚ/ n
akcelerometr przyspieszeniomierz
instrument for measuring acceleration

accent /ækˈsɛnt/ /ˈak.sənt/ /ˈæk.sɛnt/ n
akcent
music: recurring stress on a tone
prosody: stress on syllables of a verse
music: special emphasis on a tone
distinctive pronunciation associated with a region, social group, etc.
orthography: mark to indicate accent
mark to denote feet or inches
math: mark to distinguish magnitudes of similar kind
akcent nacisk
stronger articulation

accentologist n
akcentolog
one who studies accentology

accentology n
akcentologia
systematic analysis of word or phrase stress

accentor /ək.ˈsɛn.tɚ/ /əkˈsɛntə/ n
płochacz
bird of the Prunella genus

accentuate /əkˈsen.tʃu.eɪt/ v
akcentować uwypuklić
to bring out distinctly
akcentować
to mark with a written accent
to pronounce with an accent

accept /əkˈsɛpt/ v
akceptować zaakceptować zgadzać się zgodzić się
to agree to
przyjmować przyjąć
to receive with consent
akceptować zaakceptować
to regard as proper, usual, true, or to believe in

acceptance /ək.ˈsɛp.təns/ n
akceptacja przyjęcie
act of accepting
akceptacja
assent and engagement by person on whom bill of exchange is drawn

access /ˈæksɛs/ /ˈækˌsɛs/ n
dostęp
communication with a computer program or the Internet
computing: process of locating data in memory
right or ability of approaching or entering
act of approaching or entering
way or means of approaching

accessibility /æk.ˌsɛs.ə.ˈbɪl.ət.i/ n
dostępność
the quality of being accessible, or of admitting approach

accessory /əkˈsɛs(ə)ɹi/ /əkˈsɛsəɹi/ n
dodatek dodatki
clothing accessory
współsprawca
contributor to an offense
akcesoria akcesorium
that which belongs to something else deemed the principal, attachment

accident /ˈæk.sə.dənt/ n
wypadek
unexpected event with negative consequences
transport: unintended event that causes damage

accidentally /ˌæksəˈdɛnt(ə)li/ adv
przypadkowo
unexpectedly, unintentionally

acclimatization /ə.ˌklaɪ.mə.tə.ˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
aklimatyzacja
the act of acclimatizing

accommodation /ə.ˌkɑm.ə.ˈdeɪ.ʃən/ /ə.ˌkɒm.ə.ˈdeɪ.ʃən/ n
akomodacja
adjustment of the eye
zakwaterowanie
lodging
przystosowanie
state of being fitted and adapted

accompany /ə.ˈkʌm.pə.ni/ v
towarzyszyć
to attend as a companion
akompaniować
to perform an accompanying part or parts in a composition

accomplish /əˈkɐm.plɪʃ/ /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/ /əˈkɒm.plɪʃ/ /əˈkʌm.plɪʃ/ v
dokonać dokonywać
to finish successfully

accord /ə.ˈkɔɹd/ /əˈkɔːd/ n
porozumienie
agreement or concurrence of opinion
akord
harmony of sounds

accord /ə.ˈkɔɹd/ /əˈkɔːd/ v
zgodzić się
transitive: to make to agree or correspond

according to preposition
według podług wedle
based on statement
odpowiednio zgodnie z
in proportion

accordingly /ə.ˈkɔɹ.dɪŋ.li/ /əˈkɔː(ɹ).dɪŋ.li/ adv
odpowiednio stosownie
agreeably; correspondingly; suitably; in a manner conformable
więc zatem
in natural sequence; consequently; so

accordion /ə.ˈkɔɹ.di.ən/ /əˈkɔ(ɹ).di.ˌən/ n
akordeon harmonia ręczna
A small, portable, keyed wind instrument

accordionist /ə.ˈkɔɹd.i.ə.nəst/ n
akordeonista akordeonistka
player of the accordion

accost /ə.ˈkɑst/ /ə.ˈkɒst/ /ə.ˈkɔst/ v
zaczepiać
to approach and speak to boldly or aggressively, as with a demand or request

accoucheur /ˌæ.ku.ˈʃɜː/ /ˌæ.ku.ˈʃɝ/ n
akuszer
person who assists women in childbirth

account /ə.ˈkaʊnt/ n
konto rachunek
a registry of pecuniary transactions
an authorization to use a service
relacja
a statement of facts or occurrences

account manager n
opiekun klienta
person in charge of sales

account to v
rozliczać się
to be responsible to

accountability /ə.ˌkaʊn.tə.ˈbɪl.ət.i/ n
odpowiedzialność rozliczalność
state of being accountable

accountancy /ə.ˈkaʊnt.ən.si/ n
rachunkowość
the profession of accounting

accountant /ə.ˈkaʊn.tənt/ n
księgowy księgowa buchalter
a reckoner, or someone who maintains financial matters for a person(s)
księgowy księgowa
one whose profession includes organizing, maintaining and auditing the records of another

accounting /ə.ˈkaʊn.tɪŋ/ n
rachunkowość
development and maintenance of system for recording and analyzing financial transactions

accounts receivable n
należność
total monetary amount

accredit /ə.ˈkɹɛd.ɪt/ v
akredytować
To send with letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy, or diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or delegate.

accreditation /əˌkɹɛd.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ [əˌkɹɛd.ɨˈteɪ.ʃən] [əˌkɹɛd.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən] n
akredytacja
giving of credentials

accretion disk n
dysk akrecyjny
structure formed by matter falling into a gravitational source

accumulator /ə.ˈkjum.jə.ˌleɪ.tɚ/ n
akumulator
wet-cell storage battery

accuracy /ˈæk.jɚ.ə.si/ n
dokładność
state of being accurate

accurate /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt/ /ˈæk.jʊ.ɹət/ adj
dokładny
exact or careful conformity to truth

accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/ adv
dokładnie akuratnie celnie trafnie
exactly, precisely

accusation /ˌæk.jʊ.ˈzeɪ.ʃən/ n
oskarżenie
act of accusing or charging with a crime
declaration of fault or blame against another
that of which one is accused

accusative /əˈkjuzətɪv/ /əˈkjuːzətɪv/ adj
biernikowy biernik
related to accusative case

accusative /əˈkjuzətɪv/ /əˈkjuːzətɪv/ n
biernik
accusative case

accuse /əˈkjuz/ /əˈkjuːz/ v
oskarżać oskarżyć
attribute blame to someone

accused /ə.ˈkjuzd/ n
oskarżona oskarżony
defendant

accuser /əˑˈkju.zɚ/ /əˑˈkjuː.zə/ n
oskarżyciel
one who accuses

ace /eɪs/ n
as
card with a single spot
excellent military aircraft pilot
single point or spot on a card or die
tennis: point scored without the opponent hitting the ball
die face with a single spot
expert

ace up one's sleeve n
as w rękawie
a surprise of which others are not aware

acerola /æ.səˈɹəʊ.lə/ n
acerola wiśnia z Barbados
fruit

acetaldehyde /ˌæs.ɪˈtæl.dəˌhaɪd/ n
acetaldehyd
the organic compound CH₃CHO

acetamide n
acetamid etanoamid
amide of acetic acid

acetate n
octan
salt or ester of acetic acid

acetic acid n
kwas octowy
clear colourless organic acid, CH₃COOH

acetoacetic acid n
kwas acetylooctowy
organic compound

acetone /ˈæ.sə.toʊn/ n
aceton
the organic compound (CH₃)₂CO

acetylene /ə ˈsɛt əl ˌin/ n
acetylen etyn
acetylene

acetylsalicylic acid n
kwas acetylosalicylowy
acetate ester of salicylic acid; aspirin

ache /eɪk/ /eɪt͡ʃ/ n
tępy ból
dull pain

ache /eɪk/ v
boleć
be in pain

ache for v
pożądać
to desire or want very much

achene /əˈkiːn/ n
niełupka
small dry fruit

achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v
osiągnąć zrealizować osiągać
to carry out successfully; to accomplish
osiągnąć osiągać
to obtain, or gain as the result of exertion

achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n
osiągnięcie
a reward in video games
osiągnięcie dokonanie
act of achieving or performing
dokonanie osiągnięcie
great or heroic deed

achondroplasia /eɪˌkɒndɹə(ʊ)ˈpleɪziə/ n
achondroplazja
the genetic disorder

achoo /əˈt͡ʃuː/ /əˈt͡ʃʰuː/ interjection
a psik! apsik!
the sound of a sneeze

acid /ˈæs.ɪd/ adj
kwaśny kwas
sour, sharp, or biting to the taste
kwaśny
sour-tempered
of or pertaining to an acid

acid /ˈæs.ɪd/ n
kwas
a sour substance
in chemistry
LSD

acid rain n
kwaśny deszcz
unusually acidic rain

acidity /əˈsɪdɪti/ n
kwasowość
quality or state of being acid

acidolysis n
acydoliza
decomposition of a molecule under the influence of an acid

acidosis n
kwasica
abnormally increased acidity of the blood

acknowledge /ækˈnɑː.lɪdʒ/ /əkˈnɒ.lɪdʒ/ v
uznawać uznać
to admit the claims or authority of
przyznawać przyznać
to admit the knowledge of

acne /ˈæk.ni/ n
trądzik
a pattern of blemishes resulting from the skin condition
trądzik wągry
a skin condition

acolyte /ˈæ.kə.laɪt/ n
akolita
Catholic church: highest of the minor orders; ordained to carry wine, water and lights at the Mass
in general: assistant

aconite /ˈæ.kə.naɪt/ n
tojad
herb wolfsbane

acorn /ˈeɪ.kɔɹn/ /ˈeɪ.kɔːn/ n
żołądź
fruit of the oak tree

acosmism n
akosmizm
denial of the existence of the universe as distinct from God

acoustic /əˈkuːstɪk/ adj
akustyczny
pertaining to hearing or the science of sounds
producing or produced without electrical amplification

acqua alta /ˌækwə ˈæltə/ n
acqua alta
regular flooding in Venice

acquaintance /əˈkweɪntəns/ /ʌˈkweɪn.təns/ n
znajomy znajoma
person
znajomość
state of being acquainted, acquaintanceship

acquiesce /ˌækwiˈɛs/ v
godzić się
concur upon conviction
przyzwalać
rest satisfied

acquiescence /ˈæk.wiːˌɛs.əns/ n
potulność przyzwolenie
silent or passive assent

acquiescent /æˈkwi.ɛsn̩t/ adj
spolegliwy
willing to acquiesce

acquis /aˈkiː/ /ɑˈki/ n
acquis
short for acquis communautaire

acquit /əˈkwɪt/ v
uniewinnić od zarzutu
to discharge (for example, a claim or debt)

acquittal /əˈkwɪ.d(ə)l/ /əˈkwɪ.t(ə)l/ n
uniewinnienie
legal decision of not guilty

acre /ˈeɪ.kə/ /ˈeɪ.kɚ/ n
akr
unit of surface area

acrid /ˈæk.ɹɪd/ adj
uszczypliwy
caustic; bitter; bitterly irritating
ostry cierpki drażniący gryzący
sharp and harsh, or bitter and not to the taste; pungent

acrimonious /ˌæk.ɹɪ.ˈmoʊ̯.ni.əs/ /ˌæk.ɹɪ.ˈməʊ̯.nɪ.əs/ adj
kłótliwy ostry
angry, acid, and sharp in delivering argumentative replies

acrobat /ˈæk.ɹə.bæt/ n
akrobata akrobatka
an athlete who performs acts requiring skill, agility and coordination

acrobatic adj
akrobatyczny
of or pertaining to an acrobat

acrobatics n
akrobatyka
art of performing acrobatic feats

acromegaly n
akromegalia
chronic disease marked by enlargement of the bones

acronym /ˈæk.ɹə.nɪm/ n
akronim skrót
any abbreviation formed by initial letters
akronim skrótowiec skrót
word formed by initial letters

acronymization n
akronimizacja
act of turning a phrase into an acronym

across /əˈkɹɑs/ /əˈkɹɒs/ /əˈkɹɔs/ preposition
przez
from one side to another
poprzez przez
from the far side
po drugiej stronie
on the opposite side

act /æk/ /ækt/ n
czyn
deed
akt
drama: division of theatrical performance
formal record of something done
działanie
process of doing

act /æk/ /ækt/ v
zachować się zachowywać
to behave in a certain way
działać robić zdziałać zrobić
to do something
grać
to perform a theatrical role

acting /ˈæk.tɪŋ/ adj
p.o. pełniąca obowiązki pełniący obowiązki
temporarily assuming the duties or authority

actinium /ækˈtɪniəm/ n
aktyn
chemical element

action /ˈæk.ʃən/ interjection
akcja
signifying the start of something

action /ˈæk.ʃən/ n
akcja
fast-paced activity
military: combat
way of motion or functioning
działanie czyn czynność
something done so as to accomplish a purpose

actions speak louder than words proverb
czyny mówią głośniej niż słowa
it is more effective to act than speak

activate /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/ v
aktywować uaktywnić
to put into operation

activation /æktɪˈveɪʃən/ n
aktywacja uaktywnianie
making active

active /ˈæk.tɪv/ adj
aktywny czynny
having the quality or power of acting
czynny
in grammar

active voice n
strona czynna
the form in which the subject of a verb carries out some action

active volcano n
wulkan czynny
active volcano

activism /ˈæk.tɪ.vɪz.m̩/ n
aktywizm
practice of using action to achieve a result

activist /ˈæk.tɪ.vɪst/ n
aktywista aktywistka działacz działaczka
one who is politically active

activity /ækˈtɪ.vɪ.ti/ n
aktywność
something done as an action or a movement
state or quality of being active
działalność aktywność
something done for pleasure or entertainment

actomyosin n
aktomiozyna
a protein complex found in muscle fibres

actor /ˈæk.tə/ /ˈæk.tɚ/ n
aktor
one who acts; a doer
aktor aktorka
person who performs in a theatrical play or film

actress /ˈak.tɹəs/ /ˈæk.tɹəs/ n
aktorka
female actor

actual /ˈak(t)ʃj(ʊ)əl/ /ˈaktj(ʊ)əl/ /ˈæk(t)ʃ(əw)əl/ adj
prawdziwy właściwy
factual, real, not just apparent or even false

actually /ˈak.(t)ʃ(ʊ).ə.li/ /ˈak.(t)ʃʊ.ə.lɪ/ /ˈæk.(t)ʃu.ə.li/ adv
faktycznie właściwie naprawdę
In act or in fact; really; in truth; positively

actuary n
aktuariusz
maker of insurance calculations

actuate /ˈæktʃu.eɪt/ v
uruchomić
to activate; put into motion
pobudzać
to incite to action

acuity /əˈkjuːɪti/ n
ostrość
sharpness or acuteness

acumen /æˈkjumən/ /əˈkjumən/ /ˈækjʊmən/ n
bystrość przenikliwość
quickness of perception

acupressure n
akupresura
(dated) mode of arresting hemorrhage

acupuncture /ˈæ.kju.ˌpʌŋk.t͡ʃɝ/ n
akupunktura
insertion of needles for remedial purposes

acute /əˈkjut/ /əˈkjuːt/ adj
ostry
(geometry) of an angle: less than 90 degrees
intense, sensitive, sharp

acute accent n
akcent akutowy akcent ostry akut
acute accent

acute angle n
kąt ostry
angle measuring less than ninety degrees

acute triangle n
trójkąt ostrokątny
triangle all of the angles of which are acute

acute-angled adj
ostrokątny
geometry

acyclovir /eɪ ˈsaɪ kloʊ viɹ/ /eɪˈsʌɪkləvɪə/ n
acyklowir
drug

ad hoc /ˌæd ˈhɑk/ /ˌæd ˈhɒk/ adj
ad hoc dla tego doraźny
for this particular purpose

ad infinitum /ˌæd ɪnfɪˈnaɪtəm/ adv
do nieskończoności nieskończenie
endlessly

adamant /ˈæ.də.mənt/ adj
nieustępliwy zdecydowany
determined; unshakeable; unyielding

adaptability /ədæptəˈbɪlɪti/ n
adaptowalność
variability in respect to, or under the influence of, external conditions

adaptable /əˈdæptəbəl/ adj
giętki
capable of adapting or of being adapted

adapter /əˈdaptə/ n
przedłużacz rozgałęźnik złodziejka
device allowing more plugs at an outlet
adapter przejściówka
device allowing plug to fit in an outlet of different type
adapter
device to allow compatibility (in general)

add /æd/ v
dodać
to append, as a statement
dodawać dodać
to make an addition
dodać dodawać
to perform the arithmetical operation of addition, to add up

add fuel to the fire v
dolewać oliwy do ognia
worsen a conflict

add-on n
dodatek
software: extension of core application

addend /ˈæd.ɛnd/ n
dodajnik
any of various terms added together
dodajnik składnik
term added to another

adder /ˈædɚ/ n
żmija
viper

adder's tongue n
nasięźrzał
fern of the genus Ophioglossum

addict /əˈ.dɪkt/ /ˈæ.dɪkt/ n
entuzjasta fanatyk maniak
adherent or fan
nałogowiec uzależniony
person who is addicted, especially to a harmful drug

addiction /əˈdɪkʃən/ n
nałóg uzależnienie
a habit or practice
współuzależnienie
a pathological relationship
uzależnienie
the state of being addicted

addictive /əˈdɪktɪv/ adj
uzależniający
tending to cause addiction

addition /əˈdɪʃən/ n
dodawanie
arithmetic: process of adding
act of adding
dodatek
thing added

additional /əˈdɪʃənəl/ adj
dodatkowy
Supplemental or added to

address /əˈdɹɛs/ /ˈædɹɛs/ n
adres
direction for letters

address bar n
pasek adresu
bar in a web browser that displays the address

addressee n
adresat adresatka
person or organization to which something is addressed or sent

adenine /ˈæ.dəˌniːn/ n
adenina
base that pairs with thymine or uracil

adept /əˈdɛpt/ /ˈæd.ɛpt/ n
ekspert ekspertka mistrz mistrzyni
one fully skilled or well versed in anything

adequate /ˈæ.də.kwɪt/ /ˈæ.dəˌkweɪt/ adj
adekwatny odpowiedni
equal to some requirement

adequateness n
adekwatność właściwość
meeting needs

adhan /ɑːˈðɑːn/ n
adhan
(Islam) The call to prayer

adhesive tape n
taśma klejąca taśma
taśma klejąca
adhesive tape generally

adipose tissue n
tkanka tłuszczowa
tissue

adit /ˈæ.dɪt/ n
sztolnia
a horizontal or nearly horizontal passage from the surface into a mine

adjacent /əˈdʒeɪ.sənt/ adj
przylegający przyległy
lying next to, close, or contiguous; neighboring

adjectival /ˌæ.dʒəkˈtaɪ.vəl/ /ˌæ.dʒɛkˈtaɪ.vəl/ adj
przymiotnikowy
functioning as an adjective

adjective /ˈæ.d͡ʒɪk.tɪv/ adj
przymiotnikowy
methods of enforcement and rules of procedure

adjective /ˈæ.d͡ʒɪk.tɪv/ n
przymiotnik
(grammar) a word that modifies a noun or describes a noun’s referent

adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ v
poprawić
to improve or rectify
dostosować dostosowywać
to modify

adjustable spanner n
klucz francuski klucz angielski klucz nastawny klucz szwedzki
adjustable hand tool

adjustment /əˈdʒʌst.mənt/ n
regulacja ustawienie
result of adjusting, small change

administer /ədˈmɪnɪstɚ/ v
aplikować podawać podać zaaplikować zadawać zadać
to cause to take by openly offering or through deceit
zarządzać
to work in an administrative capacity; to supervise

administration /ədˌmɪnəˈstɹeɪʃən/ n
administracja
the act of administering

administrator /ədˈmɪnɪstɹeɪtə/ /ədˈmɪnɪstɹeɪtɚ/ n
administrator
computing: one who responsible for software and maintenance of a computer or network
zarządca
law: one to whom the right of administration has been committed
administrator zarządca
one who administers affairs

admiral /ˈæd.mə.ɹəl/ n
admirał
naval officer of the highest rank
a naval officer of high rank, immediately below Admiral of the Fleet

admiralty /ˈæd.mɪ.ɹəl.ti/ n
admiralicja
office or jurisdiction

admiration /ˌæd.mɚˈeɪʃ.ən/ n
podziw
adoration; appreciation

admire /ədˈmaɪə/ /ədˈmaɪɹ/ v
podziwiać zachwycać się
regard with wonder and delight

admirer /ædˈmaɪɚ.ɹɚ/ /ədˈmaɪ.ɹɚ/ n
wielbiciel wielbicielka
one who admires

admissibility n
dopuszczalność
state or quality

admit /ədˈmɪt/ v
dopuszczać dopuścić wpuszczać wpuścić
to allow to enter; to grant entrance
przyznawać przyznać
to concede as true

admonition n
przestroga upomnienie
gentle or friendly reproof

adolescence /ˌædəˈlɛsəns/ n
adolescencja młodość wiek dojrzewania
period between childhood and maturity

adolescent /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/ adj
dojrzewający nastoletni
characteristic of adolescence

adolescent /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/ n
nastolatek nastolatka
a teenager

adopt /əˈdɑpt/ /əˈdɒpt/ v
adoptować zaadoptować
to take by choice into relationship, as, child, heir, friend, citizen

adoption /əˈdɑp.ʃən/ /əˈdɒp.ʃən/ n
adopcja
act of adopting, or state of being adopted

adoptive adj
adopcyjny
related through adoption

adorably /əˈdɔɹəbli/ adv
uroczo
in an adorable manner

adore /əˈdo(ː)ɹ/ /əˈdoə̯/ /əˈdɔɹ/ /əˈdɔː/ v
uwielbiać ubóstwiać
love with entire heart and soul
uwielbiać wielbić
worship

adornment n
ozdoba
a decoration; that which adorns

adrenal gland n
nadnercze
endocrine gland situated above the kidney

adrenaline /əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/ n
adrenalina
the compound epinephrine

adult /əˈdʌlt/ /ˈæd.ʌlt/ adj
dorosły dorosła
fully grown
dla dorosłych
intended for adults

adult /əˈdʌlt/ /ˈæd.ʌlt/ n
dorosły dorosła
fully grown human

adulterer /əˈdʌltəɹə/ /əˈdʌltəɹɚ/ n
cudzołożnica cudzołożnik
husband or wife who commits adultery

adulteress n
cudzołożnica
woman or girl who commits adultery

adulterous adj
cudzołożny pozamałżeński
of or characterized by adultery

adultery /əˈdʌltəɹi/ n
cudzołóstwo zdrada małżeńska
sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their spouse

adulthood n
dorosłość
time of life

advance /ədˈvaːns/ /ədˈvæns/ /ədˈvɑːns/ n
zaliczka
amount of money

advance /ədˈvaːns/ /ədˈvæns/ /ədˈvɑːns/ v
przyspieszyć
to accelerate the growth or progress; to further; to forward
to move forwards, to approach
przesunąć
to bring forward; to move towards the front; to make to go on
zaoferować zaproponować
to bring to view or notice; to offer or propose
wypłacić
to furnish, as money or other value, before it becomes due
przesunąć na wcześniejszy termin przyspieszyć
to make earlier, as an event or date; to hasten
zwiększać
to raise to a higher point; to enhance; to raise in rate
podnieść
to raise to a higher rank; to promote

advantage /ədˈvæn.tɪdʒ/ /ədˈvɑːn.tɪdʒ/ n
zaleta korzyść
any condition, circumstance, opportunity, or means, particularly favorable to success
korzyść
superiority of state, or that which gives it
przewaga
superiority; mastery
the score where one player wins a point after deuce

advantageous adj
korzystny
being of advantage

advent /ˈæd.vɛnt/ n
nadejście
coming, arrival

adventure /ədˈvɛnt͡ʃə/ /ədˈvɛnt͡ʃɚ/ n
przygoda awantura
encountering of risks
przygoda wydarzenie
remarkable occurrence
przypadek wypadek przygoda
that which happens without design

adventure game n
gra przygodowa przygodówka
video game genre

adventurous /ædˈvɛn.tʃɚ.ʌs/ adj
śmiały
inclined to adventure

adverb /ˈæd.vɜːb/ /ˈæd.vɝb/ n
przysłówek
lexical category

adverbial /ædˈvɝbi.əl/ /ədˈvɜːbi.əl/ adj
przysłówkowy
of or relating to an adverb

adverbial /ædˈvɝbi.əl/ /ədˈvɜːbi.əl/ n
okolicznik
grammar: word or phrase modifying a verb

adverbial participle n
imiesłów przysłówkowy
linguistic sense

adversary /ædˈvɜː.sə.ɹi/ /ˈæd.və.s(ə)ɹi/ /ˈæd.və.sɛɹi/ /ˈæd.vəɹ.sɛɹi/ n
przeciwnik przeciwniczka adwersarka adwersarz
opponent

adverse /ˈæd.və(ɹ)s/ adj
niekorzystny niepomyślny niesprzyjający
contrary, hostile
unfavourable

adverse effect n
skutek uboczny
side-effect, especially a negative one in pharmacology

advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/ /ədˈvɝtɪzmənt/ /ˈædvəˌtʌɪzmənt/ /ˌædvəˈtɪzmənt/ n
reklama
commercial solicitation
anons ogłoszenie
public notice

advice /ædˈvaɪs/ /ədˈvaɪs/ n
rada porada wskazówka
opinion recommended or offered, as worthy to be followed; counsel

advise /ədˈvaɪz/ v
radzić poradzić
to give advice to; to offer an opinion; to counsel; to warn

advisor /ædˈvaɪz.ɚ/ n
doradca
one who offers advice

advisory /ədˈvaɪzəɹi/ adj
doradczy
able to give advice

advocaat /ˈadvəkɑː/ n
adwokat ajerkoniak
liqueur

advocacy /ˈæd.və.kə.si/ n
adwokatura
the profession of an advocate

advocate /ˈæd.və.keɪt/ /ˈæd.və.kət/ n
adwokat adwokatka
person who argues the case of another
person who speaks in support of something

adware n
oprogramowanie reklamowe
software application

adze /ædz/ n
ciesak cieślica ciosła cioska topór ciesielski
cutting tool

aedile /ˈiːdaɪl/ n
edyl
elected official in Ancient Rome

aegis /ˈiːdʒɪs/ n
egida
guidance, protection
mythological shield

aeolian adj
eoliczny
carried, deposited or eroded by the wind
of, or relating to the wind

aeolian harp n
harfa eolska
type of harp

aequorin n
akworyna
a photoprotein isolated from luminescent jellyfish

aerate v
napowietrzać napowietrzyć
to supply with oxygen or air

aerator n
aerator
a device which mixes air with a substance

aerial /eɪˈɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ /ˈɛɹ.i.əl/ /ˈɛː.ɹɪ.əl/ n
antena
device for receiving or transmitting

aerobe n
aerob tlenowiec
organism that can tolerate the presence of oxygen

aerobiology n
aerobiologia
the study of the dispersion of airborne biological materials

aerodyne n
aerodyna
heavier-than-air aircraft

aerogel n
aerożel
ultralight solid-state substance

aerology n
aerologia
branch of meteorology

aeromancy /ˈeə.ɹə.mæn.si/ n
aeromancja
divination by use of atmospheric conditions

aerostatic /ˌeɪəɹə(ʊ)ˈstætɪk/ adj
aerostatyczny
pertaining to aerial navigation

aerostatically adv
aerostatycznie
by means of aerostatics

aerostatics n
aerostatyka
study of gases in equilibrium

aesthete /ˈɛs.θiːt/ n
esteta
someone who cultivates an unusually high sensitivity to beauty, as in art or nature

aesthetically adv
estetycznie
in an aesthetic manner

aestheticism n
estetyzm
doctrine which holds aesthetics as the highest ideal

aesthetics /ɛsˈθɛt.ɪks/ n
estetyka
study or philosophy of beauty

aetiology /itiˈɑlədʒi/ /iːtɪˈɒlədʒi/ n
etiologia
study of causes or origins

afar /əˈfɑː/ /ʌˈfaɹ/ adv
w oddali
at, to or from a great distance

affable /ˈæf.ə.bəl/ adj
sympatyczny
friendly, courteous, sociable
życzliwy
mild; benign

affair /əˈfɛə(ɹ)/ /əˈfɛə/ /əˈfɛɹ/ n
romans
adulterous relationship

affectation /ˌæf.ɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
afektacja
an unusual mannerism

affectionate /əˈfɛkʃəneɪt/ /əˈfɛkʃənət/ adj
czuły kochający
loving
indicating love

affectionately adv
czule
in an affectionate manner

affiliation /əˌfɪliˈeɪʃən/ n
związek
A club, society or umbrella organisation so formed, especially a trade union
powiązanie
The relationship resulting from affiliating one thing with another

affinity /əˈfɪnɪti/ n
powinowactwo
family relationship through marriage of a relative
bliskość
natural attraction for something

affirm /əˈfɝm/ v
potwierdzać potwierdzić
to agree with or verify

affix /ə.ˈfɪks/ /ˈæ.fɪks/ n
zrostek formant
linguistics: a bound morpheme added to a word’s stem

affliction /əˈflɪkʃən/ n
cierpienie
a state of pain, suffering, distress or agony

affluence /ˈæf.lu.əns/ n
bogactwo dostatek
abundance of wealth

affluent /æˈfluːənt/ /ˈæf.lu.ənt/ /ˈæfluːənt/ adj
zamożny
abounding in goods or riches; materially wealthy

afford /əˈfo(ː)ɹd/ /əˈfoəd/ /əˈfoɹd/ /əˈfɔːd/ v
pozwalać pozwolić
to incur, stand, or bear

afforest /əˈfɒɹɪst/ /əˈfɔɹɪst/ v
zalesiać zalesić
make into a forest

affricate /ˈæfɹɪkeɪt/ /ˈæfɹɪkət/ n
afrykata
sound

affront /əˈfɹʌnt/ n
afront
open or intentional offense, slight, or insult

aforementioned /əˈfɔɹˌmɛn.ʃənd/ /əˈfɔːˌmɛn.ʃənd/ adj
wyżej wymieniony
previously mentioned

aforesaid /əˈfɔɹsɛd/ adj
ww. wyżej wspomniany wyżej wymieniony
previously stated

aforethought /əˈfɔɹ.θɔt/ /əˈfɔː.θɔːt/ adj
rozmyślny z premedytacją
premeditated; planned ahead of time

afraid /əˈfɹeɪd/ adj
obawiać się
impressed with fear or apprehension; in fear; apprehensive

afro /ˈæ.fɹoʊ/ n
afro
hairstyle

after /ˈæf.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈæf.tɚ/ adv
potem
behind; later in time; following

after /ˈæf.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈæf.tɚ/ preposition
za
behind
as a result of
in pursuit of, seeking
po w stylu
in allusion to, in imitation of; following or referencing
po
in spite of
next in importance or rank
subsequently; following in time; later than

after all
nareszcie ostatecznie
in the end; anyway

afterbrain n
rdzeniomózgowie
part of brain

aftereffect /ˈæftəɹ.əˌfɛkt/ /ˈɑːftəɹ.ɪˌfɛkt/ n
efekt konsekwencja
delayed effect

afterfeather n
przypiórko
downy lower barbs of a feather

afterlife /ˈæftɚˌlaɪf/ n
życie pozagrobowe zaświaty
life after death

afternoon /af.təɾˈnʉːn/ /ˌæf.tɚ.ˈnun/ /ˌɑːf.tə.ˈnuːn/ n
popołudnie
part of the day between noon and evening

afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ /ˈɑːftə.wədz/ adv
potem później
at a later or succeeding time

afterword n
posłowie
epilogue

afterworld n
zaświaty
supposed world that is entered after death

again /əˈɡɛn/ /əˈɡɪn/ adv
znowu ponownie jeszcze raz
another time

against /əˈɡeɪnst/ /əˈɡɛnst/ preposition
przeciw pod
in a contrary direction to
przeciwko z
in competition with
przeciw przeciwko
in opposition to
o
in physical contact with

agate /əˈɡæt/ /ˈæ.ɡət/ n
agat
mineral

agathology n
dobrologia
the science or theory of the good

agave /əˈɡeɪviː/ /əˈɡɑːveɪ/ n
agawa
genus

age /eɪd͡ʒ/ n
starość wiek
advanced period of life; latter part of life
pokolenie
generation
era wiek
great period in the history of the Earth
wiek etap
one of the stages of life
wiek
part of the duration of a being or thing between its beginning and any given time
epoka era
particular period of time in history
pełnoletniość dorosłość
time of life at which one attains full personal rights and capacities
życie wiek
whole duration of a being

age /eɪd͡ʒ/ v
starzeć się
intransitive: become old
postarzać
transitive: cause to grow old

age of consent n
wiek przyzwolenia
an age at which one is legally mature enough to have sex

age-mate n
rówieśnica rówieśniczka rówieśnik
one who is the same age as another

aged /eɪdʒd/ /ˈeɪ.dʒɪd/ adj
sędziwy
old

agency /ˈeɪ.dʒən.si/ n
agencja
place of business of an agent
office of an agent, or factor

agent /ˈeɪ.dʒənt/ n
pełnomocnik plenipotent
one who acts in place of another

agglomeration n
aglomeracja
extended city area

agglutinative /əˈɡluːtɪnətɪv/ adj
aglutynacyjny
having words derived by combining parts

aggregate /ˈæɡɹɪɡət/ /ˈæɡɹɪˌɡeɪt/ n
kruszywo
solid particles of low aspect ratio added to a composite material

aggression /əˈɡɹɛʃən/ n
agresja
act of initiating hostilities or invasion

aggressive /əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/ adj
agresywny
tending or disposed to aggress

aggressiveness n
agresywność
state or quality being aggressive

agile /ˈæd͡ʒ.aɪl/ adj
zwinny gibki
having the faculty of quick motion in the limbs

agility /əˈdʒɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
zwinność
quality of being agile

aging /ˈeɪ.dʒɪŋ/ n
starzenie się
the process of becoming older or more mature

agnate /ˈæɡneɪt/ n
agnat
relative whose relation is traced only through male members of the family

agnostic /æɡˈnɑːstɪk/ /æɡˈnɒstɪk/ adj
agnostyczny agnostyk
of or relating to agnosticism

agnostic /æɡˈnɑːstɪk/ /æɡˈnɒstɪk/ n
agnostyk
one who holds to a form of agnosticism.

agnosticism /æɡˈnɑstɪsɪzəm/ /æɡˈnɒstɪsɪzəm/ n
agnostycyzm
view that the existence of a God or gods is unknown, unknowable, unproven, or unprovable

agnotology n
agnotologia
promotion of inaccurate or misleading scientific data

ago /əˈɡoʊ/ /əˈɡəʊ/ postposition
temu wcześniej
past; gone by; since

agony /ˈæ.ɡə.niː/ n
agonia
extreme pain of mind or body
last struggle of life

agoraphobia /ˌæɡəɹəˈfoʊbi.ə/ n
agorafobia
fear of open spaces

agorism /ˈæ.ɡəˌɹɪzm̩/ n
agoryzm
philosophy that advocates the creation of a voluntaryist society through counter-economics

agouti /əˈɡuːti/ n
aguti złocisty
a rodent similar in appearance to a guinea pig but having longer legs

agrarian /əˈɡɹɛ(ə)ɹi.ən/ adj
rolniczy agrarny rolny
relating to the cultivation of land

agree /əˈɡɹi/ /əˈɡɹiː/ v
uzgadniać
zgadzać się zgodzić się
harmonize in opinion; be in unison or concord; be united; concur

agreed /ə.ɡɹi.ːd/ interjection
zgodny
interjection that expresses agreement

agreement /əˈɡɹiːmənt/ n
związek zgody
grammatical agreement
umowa
legally binding contract
understanding to follow a course of conduct
zgoda porozumienie
state whereby several parties share a view

agribusiness /ˈæɡɹɪˌbɪznəs/ n
agrobiznes
big business connected to agriculture

agricultural /ˌæɡɹɪˈkəltjʊəɹəl/ /ˌæɡɹɪˈkəlt͡ʃəɹəl/ adj
rolniczy
of or pertaining to agriculture

agriculture /ˈæɡɹɪˌkʌltʃə/ /ˈæɡɹɪˌkʌltʃɚ/ n
rolnictwo
the art or science of cultivating the ground

agrimony /ˈæɡ.ɹɪ.mən.i/ /ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌmoʊ.ni/ n
rzepik
plant of the genus Agrimonia

agritourism n
agroturystyka
tourism in which tourists stay in farms

agrobiology n
agrobiologia
the science of plant life and nutrition

agronomy /əˈɡɹɑːnəmi/ /əˈɡɹɒnəmi/ n
agronomia
science of utilizing plants, animals, and soils for food, fuel, feed and more

ah /ɑː/ interjection
ach
an expression

aha /ɑːhɑː/ [ɑˈhɑ] interjection
aha
exclamation of understanding, realization, invention, or recognition

ahead of time
z wyprzedzeniem
early

ahistorical /ˌeɪhɪˈstɔɹɪkəl/ adj
ahistoryczny
lacking historical perspective

ahoy interjection
ahoj
used to hail a ship, etc

aid /eɪd/ n
pomocnik
a person that promotes or helps in something being done; a helper
pomoc
help; succor; assistance; relief

aid /eɪd/ v
pomagać
to support

aiglet /ˈeɪ.ɡlɛt/ n
aglet skuwka
tip on a ribbon or cord

aiguillette /ˌeɪɡwɪˈlɛt/ n
akselbant sznur galowy
ornamental braided cord

aikido /aɪˈkiːdəʊ/ n
aikido
Japanese martial art

aileron /ˈeɪlərɒn/ n
lotka
Hinged part on trailing edge of airplane wing

ailuro- /aɪˈljʊəɹə-/ /aɪˈlʊɹə-/ prefix
ailuro-
prefix meaning “cat”

ailurophobia /aɪˌlʊɹəˈfoʊbi.ə/ /ˌaɪljʊəɹəˈfəʊbɪ.ə/ n
ailurofobia felinofobia galeofobia gatofobia
irrational fear or hatred for cats

aim /eɪm/ n
cel
Intention; purpose
point intended to be hit

aim /eɪm/ v
celować mierzyć
to point or direct a missile weapon

aimless /ˈeɪm.ləs/ adj
bezcelowy
without aim

air /ˈɛə/ /ˈɛəɹ/ n
aura otoczka posmak
feeling or sense
powietrze
mixture of gases making up the atmosphere of the Earth
historical: one of the basic elements
the apparently open space above the ground
aria
music: a song, an aria
poza
pretension, snobbishness

air /ˈɛə/ /ˈɛəɹ/ v
napowietrzać wietrzyć
to bring into contact with the air
emitować
to broadcast

air conditioner n
klimatyzator
a machine that is used to control temperature and humidity in an enclosed space

air conditioning n
klimatyzacja
an air conditioner or system of air conditioners

air force n
siły powietrzne
branch of the military devoted to air warfare

air gun /ˈeə(ɹ).ɡʌn/ /ˈɛɹ.ɡə/ n
wiatrówka
gun that propels a projective by compressed air

air raid n
nalot
attack

air show n
air show
a public display of stunt flying, aerobatics, and historical aircraft

air strike n
atak powietrzny
attack by aircraft

air ticket n
bilet lotniczy
a pass entitling the holder to travel in an aeroplane

airan /ˈaɪ.ɹɑn/ n
ajran
a Turkish and Altaic yoghurt drink

airborne adj
w trakcie lotu
in flight

aircraft /ɛə.kɹɑː̩ft/ /ɛəɹ.kɹæft/ n
statek powietrzny
machine capable of atmospheric flight

aircraft carrier n
lotniskowiec
warship for launching aircraft

airfield n
lądowisko
place where airplanes can take off and land

airhead /ˈeəː.hɛd/ n
bezmózg
having no brain

airlift /ˈɛə.lɪft/ n
most powietrzny
the transportation of troops

airline n
linie lotnicze
company that flies airplanes

airliner n
samolot pasażerski
passenger aircraft

airmail /ˈɛə.meɪl/ n
poczta lotnicza
the system of conveying mail using aircraft

airman /ˈeə.mən/ n
lotnik
pilot

airplane /ˈɛəpleɪn/ /ˈɛəɹˌpleɪ̯n/ n
samolot aeroplan
powered aircraft

airport /ˈɛə.pɔːt/ /ˈɛɹ.pɔɹt/ n
lotnisko port lotniczy
place designated for airplanes

airsickness n
choroba powietrzna
form of motion sickness

airstrip n
pas startowy
primitive aircraft landing field

airtime n
czas antenowy
duration of transmission

aisle /aɪ̯l/ n
przejście
any path through obstructed space
clear path through rows of seating
corridor in a supermarket
nawa boczna
wing of a building, notably in a church

aitch /eɪtʃ/ n
h samo h
name of the letter H, h

akin /əˈkɪn/ /ʌˈkɪn/ adj
spokrewniony
of the same kin; related by blood
pokrewny zbliżony
of the same kind; similar

akinete n
akineta
a thick-walled, dormant cell found in cyanobacteria and green algae

al dente /æl ˈdɛn.teɪ/ adj
al dente
firm

al-Qaeda /æl ˈkaɪdə/ /ɒl ˈkaɪdə/ pn
Al-Kaida
The global network of militant Islamic extremists.

alabaster /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tə/ /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tɚ/ adj
alabastrowy
made of alabaster

alabaster /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tə/ /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tɚ/ n
alabaster
variety of gypsum

alacrity [əˈlækɹɨti] n
skwapliwość
eagerness

alanine n
alanina
nonessential amino acid; C₃H₇NO₂

alar adj
pachowy
anatomy: related to the armpit

alarm /əˈlɑɹm/ /əˈlɑːm/ n
alarm
summons to arms

alarm clock n
budzik
type of clock

alb /alb/ /ælb/ n
alba
a long white robe worn by priests and other ministers

albatross /ˈæl.bəˌtɹɑs/ /ˈæl.bəˌtɹɒs/ /ˈæl.bəˌtɹɔs/ n
albatros
seabird
three under par

albeit /ɔlˈbi.ət/ /ɔːlˈbiː.ɪt/ conjunction
chociaż
despite its being; although

albinism n
albinizm
lack of melanin pigmentation

albino /alˈbiːnoː/ /ælˈbaɪnoʊ/ /ælˈbiːnəʊ/ n
albinos
one congenitally lacking melanin

album /ˈælbəm/ n
album
book for photographs, stamps, or autographs
group of audio recordings on any media
phonograph record (LP)

albumen /ˈalbjʊmɪn/ /ˈælbjʊmən/ n
białko
white part of an egg

alcazar /ˌalkəˈzɑː/ /ˌælkəˈzɑɹ/ n
alkazar
Moorish fortress in Spain

alchemical adj
alchemiczny
pertaining to alchemy

alchemist /ˈæl.kə.mɪst/ n
alchemik
one who practices alchemy

alchemy /ˈælkəmi/ n
alchemia
ancient chemistry

alcohol /ˈæl.kə.hɒl/ /ˈæl.kə.hɔl/ /ˈɑl.kə.hɔl/ n
alkohol
intoxicating beverage
organic chemistry sense

alcohol-free adj
bezalkoholowy
containing no alcohol

alcoholic /ˌælkəˈhɑlɪk/ /ˌælkəˈhɒlɪk/ /ˌælkəˈhɔlɪk/ adj
alkoholowy alkoholowa alkoholowe
of or pertaining to alcohol

alcoholic /ˌælkəˈhɑlɪk/ /ˌælkəˈhɒlɪk/ /ˌælkəˈhɔlɪk/ n
alkoholik alkoholiczka
a person addicted to alcohol
one who abuses alcohol

alcove /ˈæl.kəʊv/ n
alkowa
small recessed area

aldehyde /ˈæl.dɨ.haɪd/ n
aldehyd
organic compound of the general formula R·CHO

alder /ˈɑldɚ/ /ˈɔldɚ/ /ˈɔːldə/ n
olcha olsza
any tree or shrub of the genus Alnus

alderman n
radny ławnik
member of a municipal legislative body in a city or town

ale /eɪl/ n
ale
beer produced by warm fermentation

alembic /əˈlɛmbɪk/ n
alembik
chemical apparatus

alert /əˈlɜːt/ /əˈlɝt/ adj
czujny uważny
attentive

alert /əˈlɜːt/ /əˈlɝt/ n
powiadomienie
a notification
alarm
an alarm

alewife /ˈeɪlwʌɪf/ /ˈeɪlˌwaɪf/ n
aloza tęczowa aloza wielkooka
Alosa pseudoharengus

alexandrine n
aleksandryn
line of a twelve-syllable poetic meter

alexithymia /ˌeɪ.lɛk.səˈθaɪ.mi.ə/ n
aleksytymia
deficiency in understanding emotions

alfalfa /ælˈfælfə/ n
lucerna
Medicago sativa

alga /ˈæl.ɡə/ n
glon
any of many aquatic photosynthetic organisms

algal bloom n
zakwit
dense spread of algae

algebra /ˈæl.dʒɪ.bɹə/ n
algebra
system for computation
study of algebraic structures
structure

algebraist n
algebraik
mathematician

algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðəm/ /ˈælɡəˌɹɪðəm/ n
algorytm
well-defined procedure

algorithmic /ˌælɡəˈɹɪðmɪk/ adj
algorytmiczny
relating to an algorithm

algorithmically adv
algorytmicznie
using an algorithm

alibi /ˈæl.ə.baɪ/ n
alibi
criminal legal defense

alien /ˈeɪ.li.ən/ n
cudzoziemiec obcokrajowiec obcy
foreigner
istota pozaziemska kosmita obcy ufoludek zielony ludzik
life form of non-Earth origin
obcy
person, etc. from outside

alienable adj
zbywalny
capable of being alienated, sold or transferred

alienation [ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən] n
alienacja wyobcowanie
the state of being alienated

alight /əˈlaɪt/ adj
płonący
(figuratively) lit; on fire, burning
lit; on fire, switched on

alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj
żywy
having life

alive and kicking adj
o dobrym zdrowiu
healthy, especially in opposition to other circumstances

aliyah /əliːˈjɑː/ /əˈliːjə/ n
alija
immigration of Jews into Israel

alkali /ˈæl.kə.laɪ/ n
alkalia
class of caustic bases

alkali metal n
litowiec
soft, light, reactive metals of Group 1 of the periodic table

alkaline /ˈæl.kə.laɪn/ /ˈæl.kəl.aɪn/ adj
alkaliczny
having a pH greater than 7
of or relating to an alkali

alkaline earth metal n
berylowiec metal ziem alkalicznych wapniowiec
any element of group II of the periodic table

alkalinization n
alkalizacja alkalizowanie
the process of becoming more alkaline

alkaloid /ˈæl.kə.lɔɪd/ n
alkaloid
organic heterocyclic base

alkane /ˈæl.keɪn/ n
alkan
saturated hydrocarbon of formula CnH2n+2

alkene n
alken
unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more carbon–carbon double bonds

alkyne n
alkin
hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond

all /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ adv
całkiem całkowicie kompletnie zupełnie
intensifier

all /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ determiner
wszystek wszystko
every individual of the given class
cały
throughout the whole of (a stated period of time)

all /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ n
wszystko
everything possible

all along adv
od samego początku przez cały czas
duration

all bark and no bite adj
krowa, która dużo ryczy, mało mleka daje
full of big talk

all but adv
prawie
very nearly

all cats are grey in the dark proverb
w nocy wszystkie koty są czarne
proverb

all kidding aside adv
bez jaj bez żartów żarty na bok
idiom, speech act

all of a sudden /ˌɔl əv ə ˈsʌdən/ adv
nagle
colloquial: suddenly

all right /ˌɔːlˈɹaɪt/ adj
dobry
good
w porządku zdrowy
in good health

all rights reserved phraseologicalUnit
wszelkie prawa zastrzeżone
copyright notice formula

all roads lead to Rome proverb
wszystkie drogi prowadzą do Rzymu
different paths can take to the same goal

all that glitters is not gold proverb
nie wszystko złoto, co się świeci
things that appear valuable or worthwhile might not actually be so

all the best interjection
wszystkiego najlepszego
good luck

all the more adv
tym bardziej
even more

all the tea in China n
za Chiny za Chiny ludowe za chińskiego boga za nic na świecie za skarby świata za żadne pieniądze
something priceless or invaluable

all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy proverb
nie samą pracą żyje człowiek
too much hard work

all's fair in love and war proverb
w miłości i na wojnie wszystko jest dozwolone
unpleasant behavior is acceptable during love and conflict

all's well that ends well proverb
wszystko dobre, co się dobrze kończy
A happy ending makes up for everything that has gone before...

all-encompassing adj
wszechstronny
including everything

all-inclusive adj
całkowity obejmujący wszystko
providing all amenities, benefits or perquisites in a single package

allative /ˈælətɪv/ n
allatyw
allative case

allative case n
allativus
case used to indicate movement onto, or to the adjacency of something

allegation /ˌæl.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
domniemanie zarzut
an assertion or accusation

alleged /əˈlɛdʒd/ adj
domniemany
asserted
rzekomy
supposed

allegedly adv
podobno ponoć przypuszczalnie rzekomo
according to someone's allegation

allegiance /əˈliː.dʒəns/ n
lojalność posłuszeństwo wierność
loyalty to some cause, nation or ruler

allegorical /ˌæl.ɪˈɡɔɹ.ɪ.kəl/ adj
alegoryczny
of, relating to, or containing allegory

allegorically /æl.əˈɡɒɹ.ɪk.(ə.)li/ adv
alegorycznie
in an allegorical manner

allegory /ˈæl.ɘˌɡoʊɹ.i/ n
alegoria
the representation of abstract principles
symbolic representation

allegretto adv
allegretto
musical direction

allegretto n
allegretto
a movement that is to be played fast and lively

allele /əˈ.liː.l/ /ˈæ.liː.l/ n
allel allelomorf
variant of a gene

alleluia n
alleluja
liturgical form of hallelujah

allergy /ˈæl.əɹ.dʒi/ [ˈæl.ə.dʒi] [ˈæl.ɚ.dʒi] n
alergia
antipathy
alergia uczulenie
disorder of the immune system
hypersensitivity

alleviate /əˈli.vi.eɪt/ v
łagodzić
make less severe

alley /ˈæ.li/ n
uliczka aleja alejka
narrow street

alliance /əˈlaɪ.əns/ n
sojusz alians
state of being allied
sojusz
union resembling that of families or states

allicin n
allicyna
organic compound

alligator /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tə/ /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/ n
aligator
large amphibious reptile of genus Alligator

alligator clip n
krokodylek
electronics connector

alliteration /əˌlɪtəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
aliteracja
the repetition of consonants

alliterative adj
aliteracyjny
in the form or style of alliteration

allocate /ˈæl.ə.keɪt/ v
przydzielić
to set aside for a purpose

allocation n
alokacja dystrybucja
The process or procedure for allocating things, especially money or other resources.

allochory n
allochoria obcosiewność

allotment /əˈlɔt.mɛnt/ n
działka
plot of land

allotrope /ˈæ.lə.tɹəʊp/ n
alotrop
element form of different molecular structure to another form of the same element

allotropic adj
alotropowy
of an element that exhibits allotropy

allotropy n
alotropia
having multiple atomic structures

allow /əˈlaʊ/ v
przyznać
to acknowledge; to accept as true; to concede; to accede to an opinion
to let something happen, to admit, to concede
pozwalać pozwolić
to grant, give, admit, accord, afford, or yield; to let one have
wziąć pod uwagę
to make allowance
to take into account as a deduction or an addition
pozwolić zezwolić
to permit

allowance /əˈlaʊəns/ n
kieszonkowe
a customary deduction from the gross weight of goods

alloy /əˈlɔɪ/ /ˈæ.lɔɪ/ n
stop
metal combined of more elements

alloy /əˈlɔɪ/ /ˈæ.lɔɪ/ v
stapiać stopić
mix or combine

allspice n
ziele angielskie
spice

allude /əˈluːd/ v
pić przymawiać
refer to something indirectly or by suggestion

allure /əˈl(j)ʊɚ/ n
czar powab
the power to attract, entice; the quality causing attraction

allure /əˈl(j)ʊɚ/ v
nęcić przyciągać wabić
to attempt to draw

allusion /əˈlu.ʒən/ n
aluzja
indirect reference, hint

ally /əˈlaɪ/ /ˈæl.aɪ/ n
sojusznik aliant
one united to another by treaty or league

almanac [ˈɑl.mə.næk] [ˈɔl.mə.næk] [ˈɔːl.mə.næk] n
almanach
book or table listing astronomical, nautical or other events for the year

almighty /ɔːlˈmaɪti/ adj
wszechmogący wszechmocny
unlimited in might

almond /ˈɑ(l).mənd/ /ˈɑː(l).mənd/ adj
migdałowy
resembling the colour of an almond nut

almond /ˈɑ(l).mənd/ /ˈɑː(l).mənd/ n
migdał
nut
migdałowiec
tree

almond paste n
pasta migdałowa
paste made from ground almonds and sugar in equal quantities

almost /ɔːl.ˈməʊst/ /ˈɔl.moʊst/ adv
prawie niemal niemalże omal
very close to

almost surely adv
prawie na pewno
mathematics: with probability one

alms /ɑmz/ /ɑːmz/ n
jałmużna
something given to the poor as charity

almucantar /ælməˈkæntə/ /ælməˈkæntɚ/ n
almukantarat
small circle on the celestial sphere

aloe /əˈləʊ.i/ /ˈæ.loʊ/ n
aloes
plant of the genus Aloe

aloha shirt n
koszula hawajska
Hawaiian shirt

alone /ɐˈluŋ/ /əˈloʊn/ /əˈləʊn/ adv
samotnie sam
by oneself
samodzielnie
without outside help

along /əˈlɑŋ/ /əˈlɒŋ/ /əˈlɔŋ/ adv
razem
in company, together

along /əˈlɑŋ/ /əˈlɒŋ/ /əˈlɔŋ/ preposition
na całej długości wzdłuż
wzdłuż
by the length of; in a line with the length of; lengthwise next to
wzdłuż na całej długości
in a line with, with a progressive motion on; onward on; forward on

aloof /əˈluːf/ adj
trzymający się z dala z dystansem z rezerwą
reserved and remote; either physically or emotionally distant

aloof /əˈluːf/ adv
z niesmakiem
without sympathy

alopecia /æloʊˈpiː.ʃ(i)ə/ /ˌæl.əʊˈpiː.ʃə/ n
łysienie
medicine: loss of hair

alpha /ˈælfə/ n
alfa
name of the letter Α, α

alphabet /ˈæl.fə.bɛt/ /ˈæl.fə.bɪt/ n
alfabet abecadło
an ordered set of letters used in a language

alphabetical /ˌæl.fəˈbɛt.ɪ.kəl/ /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/ adj
alfabetyczny
in the sequence of the letters of the alphabet
pertaining to the alphabet

alphanumeric /ˌæl.fə.n(j)uːˈmɛ.ɹɪk/ adj
alfanumeryczny
consisting of letters and numbers

alphorn /ˈalp.hɔːn/ n
róg alpejski
musical instrument

alpine chough /ˈalpaɪn ˈtʃʌf/ n
wieszczek
alpine chough

already /ɑlˈɹɛdi/ /ɔlˈɹɛdi/ /ɔːlˈɹɛdi/ adv
już
prior to some time
so soon

also /ˈɑl.soʊ/ /ˈɔl.soʊ/ /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ adv
także też również
in addition; besides; as well; further; too

altar /ˈɑl.tɚ/ /ˈɔl.tɚ/ /ˈɔːl.tə/ n
ołtarz
flat-topped structure used for religious rites

altar boy n
ministrant
A boy serving as an acolyte

altar girl n
ministrantka
a girl serving as an acolyte

alter /ˈɑl.tɚ/ /ˈɔl.tɚ/ /ˈɔːl.tə/ v
zmieniać zmienić przerabiać przerobić
to change the form or structure of

alter ego n
alter ego drugie ja
alternate personality or persona

altercation /ɔl.tɚˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
spór
dispute

alternating current n
prąd przemienny prąd zmienny
electric current that reverses direction periodically

alternative /ˌɑlˈtɝnəɾɪv/ /ˌɒlˈtɜːnətɪv/ /ˌɔlˈtɝnəɾɪv/ adj
alternatywny
Relating to a choice
other

alternative /ˌɑlˈtɝnəɾɪv/ /ˌɒlˈtɜːnətɪv/ /ˌɔlˈtɝnəɾɪv/ n
alternatywa alternatywny
a situation which allows a choice between two or more possibilities
one of several things which can be chosen

alternatively adv
ewentualnie
in an alternative way

alternator n
alternator
an electric generator which produces alternating current

although /ɔlˈðoʊ/ /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ conjunction
jednakże
but
chociaż aczkolwiek choć acz lubo mimo że
in spite of the fact that

altitude /ˈælt.ɪˌtjuːd/ /ˈælt.ɪˌtuːd/ n
wysokość bezwzględna
absolute height

altitude sickness n
choroba wysokościowa
oxygen deficiency at high altitudes

altruism n
altruizm
policy that benefits others' interests

altruist n
altruista altruistka
person imbued with altruism

altruistic /ˌæl.tɹuˈɪs.tɪk/ /ˌɑl.tɹuˈɪs.tɪk/ adj
altruistyczny bezinteresowny
regardful of others; beneficent; unselfish

alum /ˈal.əm/ n
ałun
chemistry: double sulfate

aluminium /əˈluːmɪnəm/ /ˌæl.(j)uˈmɪn.i.əm/ /ˌæl.(j)ʊˈmɪn.i.əm/ /ˌɛl.(j)ɘˈmɘn.jɘm/ n
glin aluminium
silvery metal

aluminium foil n
folia aluminiowa
very thin, pliable, eaily torn sheet of aluminium

alveolar /æl.ˈvi.ə.lɚ/ /æl.ˈvɪə.lə/ adj
dziąsłowy
formed with the tongue touching or approaching the ridge behind the upper teeth

alveolar ridge n
wał dziąsłowy
ridge that forms the borders of the maxilla and the mandible

alveopalatal adj
alweopalatalny dziąsłowo-podniebienny przedniopodniebienny
intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants

alveopalatal n
spółgłoska [[dziąsłowo-podniebienny|dziąsłowo-podniebienna]] spółgłoska alweopalatalna spółgłoska przedniopodniebienna
any consonant that is intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants

always /ˈɔl.weɪz/ /ˈɔː(l).weɪz/ adv
zawsze zawżdy
at all times
zawsze ciągle stale
constantly during a certain period, or regularly at stated intervals

alyssum n
smagliczka
any of several plants, of the genus Alyssum

amalgam /əˈmæl.ɡəm/ n
amalgamat
alloy

amanita /ˌæməˈnaɪtə/ n
muchomor
mushroom of the genus Amanita

amaryllis /ˌæməˈɹɪlɪs/ n
amarylis
Amaryllis belladonna

amass /əˈmæs/ v
gromadzić
to collect into a mass or heap

amateur /ˈæ.mə.tə/ /ˈæ.mə.tɚ/ n
amator
person attached to a pursuit without pursuing it professionally
someone unqualified

amateurishly adv
amatorsko
In an amateurish manner

amaze /əˈmeɪz/ v
osłupić zadziwiać zadziwić zdumiewać zdumieć
to fill with surprise, astonish

amazed /əˈmeɪzd/ adj
zaskoczony zdumiony
astonished; confounded with fear, surprise or wonder

amazement /əˈmeɪz.mənt/ n
zaskoczenie zdumienie
the condition of being amazed; overwhelming wonder, as from surprise, sudden fear

amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj
zaskakujący zdumiewający
causing wonder and amazement

amazingly adv
zaskakująco zdumiewająco
difficult to believe
wonderfully

amazonite /ˈæməzəˌnaɪt/ n
amazonit
gem

ambassador /æmˈbæs.ə.də(ɹ)/ /æmˈbæs.ə.dɚ/ n
ambasador
minister
representative

ambassadress n
ambasadorka ambasador
female ambassador
ambasadorowa
wife of an ambassador

amber /ˈam.bə/ /ˈæm.bɚ/ adj
bursztynowy
of a brownish yellow colour

amber /ˈam.bə/ /ˈæm.bɚ/ n
bursztyn
colour
bursztyn jantar
fossil resin
żółte
traffic light colour

ambergris /ˈæm.bə.ɡɹɪs/ /ˈæm.bɚ.ɡɹɪs/ n
ambra
waxy substance produced by sperm whales

ambi- prefix
obo- obu-
both, on both sides

ambiance /ˈæm.bi.əns/ n
atmosfera
particular mood or atmosphere of an environment

ambidextrous /æm.bi.ˈdɛk.stɹəs/ adj
oburęczny
having equal ability in both hands

ambient /ˈæm.biː.ənt/ adj
atmosferyczny
(music) evoking or creating an atmosphere
otaczający
encompassing on all sides

ambient /ˈæm.biː.ənt/ n
otoczenie
Something that surrounds

ambigram n
ambigram
design that reads as the same word or phrase in two different orientations

ambiguity /æmbɪˈɡjuːɪti/ n
wieloznaczność
something liable to more than one interpretation

ambiguous /æmˈbɪɡjuəs/ adj
dwuznaczny wieloznaczny
open to multiple interpretations

ambition /æmˈbɪ.ʃən/ n
ambicja
desire

ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ adj
ambitny
possessing, or controlled by, ambition

ambivalence n
ambiwalencja
coexistence of opposing attitudes
niezdecydowanie
state of uncertainty

ambivalent /æmˈbɪv.ə.lənt/ adj
ambiwalentny
experiencing or expressing opposing feelings

amble /ˈæm.bəl/ v
spacerować
to stroll or walk slowly and leisurely

ambrosia /æmˈbɹoʊʒə/ n
ambrozja
food of gods or delicious foods

ambulance /ˈæm.bjə.ləns/ /ˈæm.bjəˌlæns/ n
karetka ambulans
emergency vehicle

ambush /ˈæm.bʊʃ/ n
zasadzka
attack

amen /eɪˈmɛn/ adv
amen
so be it
truly, verily

amen /eɪˈmɛn/ interjection
amen
expression of strong agreement

amenable /əˈmiːnəbl/ /əˈmɛn.ə.bəl/ adj
uległy
Willing to comply with; agreeable

amend /əˈmɛnd/ v
poprawiać się poprawić się
to become better
poprawiać poprawić
to make better

amendment /əˈmend.mənt/ /ʌˈmɛnd.mənt/ n
poprawka
correction or addition to a law
dodatek
that which is added

amenorrhoea /əˌmɛnəˈɹiːə/ n
brak miesiączki
lack of a menstrual period

americium /ˌæməˈɹɪsiəm/ n
ameryk
chemical element with atomic number 95

amethyst /ˈæm.ə.θɪst/ adj
ametystowy fioletowy
colour

amethyst /ˈæm.ə.θɪst/ n
ametyst
gem

amiable /ˈeɪ.mi.ə.bəl/ adj
przyjacielski przyjazny życzliwy
friendly as an amiable temper or mood

amicable /ˈæ.mɨ.kə.bəl/ adj
przyjazny
showing friendliness or goodwill

amicably adv
przyjaźnie
friendly, in an amicable manner

amice n
humerał
hood, or cape with a hood, formerly worn by the clergy

amid /əˈmɪd/ preposition
pośród wśród
surrounded by

amide /ˈeɪ.maɪd/ /ˈæ.maɪd/ /ˈæ.mɪd/ n
amid
organic chemistry: derivative of an oxoacid

amidships /əˈmɪd.ʃɪps/ adv
na śródokręciu
in the middle of a ship

amikacin n
amikacyna
drug

amine /əˈ.miːn/ /ˈeɪ.miːn/ /ˈæ.miːn/ /ˈæ.mɪn/ n
amina
organic compound containing an amine functional group

amino acid n
aminokwas
any of the twenty α-amino acids
any organic compound containing amino and carboxylic acid

aminoacylation n
aminoacylacja aminoacylowanie
the addition of an aminoacyl group to a compound

amla n
agrest indyjski amla liściokwiat garbnikowy
tree

ammeter n
amperomierz
device that measures an electric current

ammocoete n
robaczyca węgornica ślepica
lamprey larva

ammonia /əˈmoʊn.jə/ n
amoniak
the compound NH₃

ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/ n
amunicja strzeliwo
articles used in charging firearms

amnesia /æmˈniːʒə/ /ˌæmˈniʒə/ n
amnezja
loss of memory

amnesty /ˈæm.nɪ.sti/ n
amnestia
act of the sovereign power
forgetfulness

amniotic fluid n
płyn owodniowy wody płodowe
fluid that surrounds a developing embryo or fetus

amniotic sac n
błona płodowa
sac in which foetus develops

amoeba /əˈmiːbə/ n
ameba
member of a genus of unicellular protozoa

among /əˈmʌŋ/ preposition
pośród wśród między pomiędzy
mingling or intermixing

amorous /ˈæ.mɹəs/ adj
miłosny
of or relating to, or produced by, love
inclined to love
indicating love or sexual desire

amorously /ˈæ.mə.ɹəs.li/ adv
miłośnie
in an amorous manner

amount /əˈmaʊnt/ n
ilość kwota liczba
quantity or volume
ilość kwota liczba suma
total or sum of items

amount /əˈmaʊnt/ v
być równoznacznym z wynieść
to be the same as
dawać wynieść
to total or evaluate

ampere /ˈæmˌpɛər/ /ˈæmˌpɪər/ n
amper
unit of electrical current

ampersand /ˈæm.pə(ɹ).sænd/ n
ampersand

amphetamine /æmˈfɛtəmin/ n
amfetamina
amphetamine

amphibian /æmˈfɪbɪən/ adj
płazi
of or relating to the class Amphibia

amphibian /æmˈfɪbɪən/ n
amfibia
vehicle
płaz amfibia
vertebrate

amphictyony n
amfiktionia
religious cooperation among ancient Greek city-states

amphipod /ˈam.fɪ.pɒd/ n
obunóg
member of order Amphipoda of small, shrimp-like crustaceans

amphitheatre /ˈæm.pəˌθi.(j)ə.tɚ/ /ˈæmfɪˌθiːətə/ n
amfiteatr
an open, outdoor theatre

ampholyte n
amfolit
amphoteric electrolyte

amphoteric adj
amfoteryczny
having the characteristics of both an acid and a base

ample /ˈæm.pəl/ adj
duży obszerny
large; great in size

amplitude modulation n
modulacja amplitudy modulacja amplitudowa
method of sending information

amputation n
amputacja
surgical removal of a limb

amulet /ˈæm.jə.lɪt/ n
amulet
protective charm

amuse /əˈmjuːz/ v
rozśmieszać rozśmieszyć śmieszyć
to cause laughter
bawić rozbawić rozerwać zabawiać
to entertain or occupy in a pleasant manner

amusement /əˈmjuzmənt/ n
zabawa
entertainment

amusement park n
lunapark wesołe miasteczko park rozrywki
commercially-operated collection of rides, games and other entertainment attractions

amusia n
amuzja
the inability to comprehend or respond to music

amusing /əˈmjuːzɪŋ/ adj
zabawny
funny

amylase /ˈæmɪleɪs/ n
amylaza
enzyme, present in saliva, that breaks down carbohydrates such as starch

amyloid n
amyloid
misfolded proteins that disrupt normal organ function

an apple a day keeps the doctor away /əˈn‿æ.pəl‿ə ˈdeɪ ˈkips ðə ˈdɑk.tɚ əˈweɪ/ /əˈn‿æ.pəl‿ə ˈdeɪ ˈkiːps ðə ˈdɒk.təɹ‿əˈweɪ/ proverb
jabłko dziennie trzyma lekarza z dala
apples are good for you

anabolism n
anabolizm
the constructive metabolism of the body

anachronism /əˈnæ.kɹə.nɪ.z(ə)m/ n
anachronizm
chronological mistake
person or thing which seems to belong to a different time

anachronistic /əˌnæk.ɹəˈnɪs.tɪk/ adj
anachroniczny
erroneous in date

anachronistically /əˌnækɹəˈnɪstɪkli/ adv
anachronicznie
in an anachronistic manner

anacoluthon /ænəkəˈluːθɒn/ n
anakolut
intentional rhetorical structure

anaconda /ˌænəˈkɒndə/ n
anakonda
any of various large nonvenomous snake of the genus Eunectes

anadromous /əˈnad.ɹə.məs/ /əˈnæd.ɹə.məs/ adj
anadromiczny anadromowy
of migratory fish

anaerobe /ˈænəˌɹoʊb/ n
beztlenowiec
anaerobic organism

anagram /ˈæ.nə.ɡɹæm/ n
anagram
word or phrase created by rearranging letters from another word or phrase

anal /ˈeɪ.nəl/ adj
pedantyczny
of a person, compulsive and stubborn
analny odbytniczy
of, related to, intended for or involving the anus

anal sex n
seks analny anal branie do dupy branie w dupę
sex involving the anus

analgesic /ˌæn.l̩ˈdʒiː.zɪk/ n
analgetyk lek przeciwbólowy
medicine that reduces pain

analog /ˈæ.nə.lɑɡ/ /ˈæ.nə.lɒɡ/ /ˈæ.nə.lɔɡ/ adj
analogowy
represented by a continuously variable physical quantity

analogical adj
analogiczny

analogically adv
analogicznie
in an analogical manner

analogous /əˈnæl.ə.dʒəs/ /əˈnæl.ə.ɡəs/ adj
analogiczny
having analogy; corresponding to something else

analogously /əˈnæl.ə.ɡəs.li/ adv
analogicznie
in an analogous manner

analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/ n
analogia
relationship of resemblance or equivalence

analphabet /ænˈælfəbɛt/ /ˌæˈnælfəbɛt/ n
analfabeta analfabetka
person who does not know the letters of the alphabet

analphabetism n
analfabetyzm
analphabetism

analysand n
analizowany
a person

analysis /əˈnælɪsɪs/ n
analiza
decomposition into components in order to study
chemistry: process of breaking down a substance or the result of this process
in mathematics
logic: proof by deduction from known truths
result of such process

analyst n
analityk
person who analyses
psychoanalityk
psychoanalysis practitioner

analyze /ˈæn.ə.laɪz/ v
analizować
to subject to analysis

anamnesis /ˌænæmˈniːsɪs/ n
anamneza anamnezja
medical history of a patient

anamorphosis n
anamorfoza
distorted image that may be viewed correctly from a specific angle or with a specific mirror

ananym n
ananim
pseudonym derived by spelling one's name backwards

anarchism /ˈænəɹˌkɪzəm/ n
anarchizm
belief that proposes the absence and abolition of government in all forms

anarchist /ˈæn.ɑɹ.kɪst/ /ˈæn.ə.kɪst/ n
anarchista anarchistka
believer in anarchism
nihilista
nihilist

anarcho-capitalism n
anarchokapitalizm
philosophy that advocates the elimination of the state and a self-regulating free market

anarcho-communism n
anarchokomunizm
form of anarchism advocating the abolition of the state and capitalism

anarcho-syndicalism n
anarchosyndykalizm
A branch or field of anarchy that focuses on the abolition of capitalism

anarchy /ˈæ.nə.ki/ /ˈæn.ɑɹ.ki/ n
anarchia
absence of any form of political authority or government
anarchia bezprawie swawola
political disorder and confusion

anastasis n
zmartwychwstanie
resurrection in a Christian context

anatomical /æ.nə.ˈtɑ.mɪ.kəl/ adj
anatomiczny
Of or relating to anatomy or dissection

anatomy /əˈnætəmi/ n
anatomia
art of studying the different parts of any organized body

ancestor /ˈæn.sɛs.tə/ /ˈæn.sɛs.tɚ/ n
przodek
one from whom a person is descended

anchor /ˈæŋ.kə/ /ˈæŋ.kɚ/ n
kotwica
tool to moor a vessel into sea bottom

anchor /ˈæŋ.kə/ /ˈæŋ.kɚ/ v
zakotwiczyć
to hold an object to a fixed point

anchorage n
kotwicowisko
place for anchoring

anchorman n
prezenter
TV host
kotwicowy
nautical: person in charge of the anchor

anchovy /ˈæn.tʃoʊ.vi/ /ˈæn.tʃə.vi/ n
sardela
small saltwater fish

ancient /ˈeɪn.(t)ʃənt/ adj
antyczny starożytny stary
pradawny
existent or occurring in time long past
antyczny starożytny starodawny
having lasted from a remote period

ancient monument n
zabytek
ancient building, structure or site

ancillary /ˈænsəˌleɹiː/ adj
podporządkowany podrzędny pomocniczy
subordinate, secondary, auxiliary, accessory

ancillary /ˈænsəˌleɹiː/ n
pomocnik
person
pomoce środek
thing

ancylostoma n
tęgoryjec
any hookworm of the genus Ancylostoma

and /ænd/ /ənd/ conjunction
i
used at the end of a list to indicate the last item
used to string together sentences or sentence fragments in chronological order
used to show causation
i oraz tudzież
used to connect two similar words, phrases, et cetera

and so forth phraseologicalUnit
i tak dalej itd. itp.
indicating a list continues similarly

and/or conjunction
i/lub
inclusive "or"

androgyne /ˈæn.dɹə.dʒaɪn/ n
androgyne
a person who is androgynous

androgynous /ænˈdɹɑdʒənəs/ /ænˈdɹɒdʒənəs/ adj
androginiczny androgyniczny
possessing qualities of both sexes

android /ˈænˌdɹɔɪd/ n
android
robot with human form

andrologist n
androlog androlożka
person who studies andrology

andrology n
andrologia
branch of medicine concerned with male diseases

anecdote /ˈæ.nɪk.doʊt/ n
anegdota
short account of an incident

anemia /əˈnimi.ə/ n
niedokrwistość anemia
medical condition with decreased oxygen transport

anemo- prefix
anemo-
forms words relating to wind

anemone /əˈnɛm.ə.ni/ /əˈnɛn.ə.mi/ n
zawilec anemon
any plant of genus anemone

anesthesia /ˌæn.əs.ˈθi.ʒə/ /ˌæn.əsˈθiːz.i.ə/ n
znieczulenie
loss of bodily sensation

anesthetic /ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk/ n
anestetyk
a substance for the reduced perception of pain

aneurysm /ˈan.jʊɹ.ɪz.əm/ /ˈæn.jəɹ.ɪz.əm/ n
tętniak
abnormal blood-filled swelling

anew /əˈnjuː/ /əˈnu/ adv
znowu
again

angel /ˈeɪn.dʒəl/ n
anioł
messenger from a deity
in Christian angelology, the lowest order of angels
selfless person

angel wings n
chrust chruścik faworek
crisp pastry in the form of twisted ribbons dusted with sugar

angelfish n
skalar
freshwater fish

angelic /ænˈdʒɛlɪk/ adj
anielski
belonging to, proceeding from, or resembling an angel

angelica n
dzięgiel
plants of genus Angelica

angelology n
angelologia angeologia
study of angels

angelophany n
angelofania
appearance of an angel to a person

anger /ˈæŋɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈæŋɡɚ/ n
gniew złość wkurw
A strong feeling of displeasure, hostility or antagonism towards someone or something

anger /ˈæŋɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈæŋɡɚ/ v
gniewać się złościć się
to become angry
złościć
to cause such a feeling of antagonism

angiosperm n
nagonasienny
member of plant group

angle /ˈæŋ.ɡəl/ n
kąt róg węgieł winkiel
corner where two walls intersect
kąt
geometrical figure
kąt miara kąta
measure of such a figure
kąt punkt widzenia
viewpoint

angle of attack n
kąt natarcia
angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the airflow over it

angler /ˈæŋ.ɡlə(ɹ)/ /ˈæŋ.ɡlɚ/ n
wędkarz
person who fishes with a hook and line

anglerfish /ˈæŋɡləˌfɪʃ/ /ˈæŋɡlɚˌfɪʃ/ n
diabeł morski żabnica
fish of the bony fish order Lophiiformes

anglicism /ˈæŋɡləˌsɪzəm/ n
anglicyzm
word or other feature borrowed from English to another language

angling n
wędkarstwo
fishing with a rod, line and angle, for recreation or sport

angry /ˈæŋ.ɡɹi/ adj
zły
displaying anger

angstrom /ˈæŋstɹəm/ /ˈæŋstɹʌm/ n
angstrem
A very small unit of length, 10−10 m

anguish /ˈæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ n
cierpienie
extreme pain

angular /ˈæŋ.ɡju.lɚ/ adj
kanciasty
relating to or forming an angle; sharp-cornered

anhedonia /ˌan.hɪˈdəʊ.nɪə/ /ˌæn.hiˈdoʊ.ni.ə/ n
anhedonia
inability to feel pleasure

animal /ˈænɪməl/ adj
zwierzęcy zwierzę
of animals

animal /ˈænɪməl/ n
zwierzę
organism
organism other than man
zwierzę bestia
person who behaves wildly

animal magnetism n
magnetyzm zwierzęcy
magnetic fluid or ethereal medium said to reside in the bodies of animate beings

animal rights n
prawa zwierząt
fundamental rights for animals

animate /ˈæ.nɪ.meɪt/ /ˈæ.nɪ.mət/ adj
żywotny
in grammar

animation /æn.əˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
animacja
causing images to appear to move

animator n
animator animatorka
one who animates something
one who creates an animation

anime /ˈæn.ɪ.meɪ/ n
anime
an animated work originated in Japan

animism n
animizm
belief in spirits

animistic adj
animistyczny
of or pertaining to animism

animosity /æn.əˈmɑs.ɪ.ti/ n
animozja wrogość
violent hatred leading to active opposition; active enmity; energetic dislike

anion /ˈæn.aɪ.ɑn/ /ˈæn.aɪ.ɒn/ n
anion
negatively charged ion

anise /æˈnis/ /əˈnis/ /ˈæn.ɪs/ n
anyż anise
plant

anisotropy n
anizotropia
the property of being directionally dependent

ankh /æŋk/ /ɑŋk/ n
anch ankh
cross shaped like a T with a loop at the top

ankle /ˈæŋ.kəl/ n
kostka
joint between foot and leg

ankylosaurus /ˌæŋkəloʊˈsɔːrəs/ n
ankylozaur
large herbivorous dinosaur of the Cretaceous

ankylosis n
ankyloza
the growing together of bones

annelid n
pierścienica
annelid

annexation n
aneksja zabór
addition or incorporation of something

annihilate /əˈnaɪə.leɪt/ v
anihilować
to react with antimatter
unicestwić unicestwiać
to reduce to nothing, to destroy, to eradicate

anniversary /ˌænəˈvɝs(ə)ɹi/ /ˌænɪˈvɜːs(ə)ɹi/ /ˌænɪˈvɝs(ə)ɹi/ n
rocznica aniwersarz
day an exact number of years since an event
gody rocznica ślubu
wedding anniversary

annotation n
adnotacja dopisek
comment added to a text

announce /əˈnaʊns/ /ˈæ.naʊns/ v
ogłaszać ogłosić
give public notice

announcement /əˈnaʊns.mɛnt/ n
ogłoszenie

annoy /əˈnɔɪ/ v
irytować
to disturb or irritate

annoyance /əˈnɔɪəns/ n
denerwowanie wnerwianie
an act or instance of annoying
wnerwienie zdenerwowanie
the psychological state of being annoyed or irritated

annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ adj
drażliwy zirytowany
troubled, irritated by something unwanted or unliked; vexed

annoying v
drażliwy irytujący upierdliwy
causing irritation or annoyance; troublesome; vexatious

annual /ˈæn.ju.əl/ /ˈæn.juː.əl/ adj
roczny
happening once a year

annual /ˈæn.ju.əl/ /ˈæn.juː.əl/ n
rocznik
annual publication

annul /əˈnʌl/ v
anulować
dissolve (a marital union)
formally revoke the validity of

annulment /əˈnʌl.mənt/ n
abolicja anulowanie unieważnienie
act or instance of annulling
invalidation; declaration of something as being invalid
skasowanie
total destruction

anode /ˈæn.oʊd/ /ˈæn.əʊd/ n
anoda
the electrode of an electrochemical cell at which oxidation occurs
the electrode through which current flows into a cell

anodic adj
anodowy
relating to an anode

anointed /ə.ˈnɔɪn.tɪd/ n
namaszczony pomazaniec
a person who has been anointed, especially for religious reasons

anomaly /əˈnɑməli/ /əˈnɒməlɪ/ n
anomalia
astronomy: any of various angular distances
anomalia nieprawidłowość
dated: an irregularity or inconsistency
deviation from norm
science: any event, big or small, out of the ordinary

anonymity /ænəˈnɪmɪti/ n
anonimowość
the quality or state of being anonymous

anonymous /əˈnɒnəməs/ adj
anonimowy
of unknown name; whose name is withheld
without any name (of responsible agent) acknowledged
bezimienny
wanting a name, not named and determined

anorak n
anorak
heavy weatherproof jacket

anorexia /ænəˈɹɛksi.ə/ n
anoreksja jadłowstręt
loss of appetite

anorexia nervosa n
anoreksja jadłowstręt psychiczny
disorder

anorgasmia n
anorgazmia
failure to achieve orgasm

anosmia n
anosmia
inability to smell

another /əˈnʌ.ðə(ɹ)/ /əˈnʌ.ðɚ/ determiner
nikt inny
any or some
inny
not the same; different
kolejny następny
one more, in addition to a former number

answer /ˈæn.sɚ/ /ˈɑːn.sə/ [ˈeən.sə] [ˈeən.sɚ] n
odpowiedź
response
reply to email
solution
document filed in response to a complaint

answer /ˈæn.sɚ/ /ˈɑːn.sə/ [ˈeən.sə] [ˈeən.sɚ] v
odpowiedzieć
to make a reply or response to
to respond to a call
odpowiadać
to suit a need or purpose satisfactorily
law: to file a response to a complaint

answer for v
odpowiadać
to be held responsible for

answer to v
odpowiadać
to be responsible to

answering machine n
automatyczna sekretarka
device that automatically records voice mail

ant /ænt/ /ɑːnt/ /ɛnt/ [ɛənt] n
mrówka
insect

antasthmatic adj
przeciwastmatyczny
relieving the symptoms of asthma

anteater /ˈæntˌitɚ/ /ˈæntˌiːtə/ n
mrówkojad
mammal

antebellum adj
przedwojenny
of a period of time prior to a war

antechamber /ˈæntiˌt͡ʃeɪmbə/ /ˈæntiˌt͡ʃeɪmbɚ/ n
przedpokój
small room

antechinus n
chutliwiec
marsupial

antediluvian /ˌantɪdɪˈluːvɪən/ adj
przedpotopowy
extremely ancient or antiquated; old; prehistoric
pertaining or belonging to the time period prior to a great or destructive flood or deluge
extremely dated

antelope /ˈæn.tə.loʊp/ /ˈæn.tɪ.ləʊp/ n
antylopa
mammal of the family Bovidae

antenna /ænˈtɛn.ə/ n
czułek
feeler organ

anterior chamber n
komora przednia gałki ocznej
space between cornea and iris

anthem /ˈæn.təm/ /ˈæn.θəm/ n
hymn
hymn of praise or loyalty
national anthem

anther /ˈænθɚ/ n
pylnik
pollen-bearing part of the stamen

antheridium n
plemnia
bryophyte organ producing male gametes

anthill /ˈænt.hɪl/ n
mrowisko
home of ants and termites

anthodium n
koszyczek
the inflorescence of a compound flower in which many florets are gathered into an involucrate head

anthology /ænˈθɑlədʒi/ /ænˈθɒlədʒɪ/ n
antologia
collection of literary works

anthrax /ˈæn.θɹæks/ n
wąglik
disease

anthropocentrism /ˌæn.θɹə.poʊˈsɛn.tɹɪz.m/ n
antropocentryzm
viewpoint

anthropoid adj
człekokształtny
having characteristics of a human, usually in terms of shape or appearance

anthropological /æn.θɹə.pə.ˈlɑdʒikəl/ adj
antropologiczny
relating to anthropology

anthropologically adv
antropologicznie
in a manner which pertains to anthropology

anthropology /ˌænθɹəˈpɑːlədʒi/ /ˌænθɹəˈpɒlədʒi/ n
antropologia
the study of humanity

anthropomorphism n
antropomorfizm
the attribution or ascription of human characteristics to something not human

anthroposophic /ˌæŋθɹəˈpɑsəfɪk/ /ˌæŋθɹəˈpɒsəfɪk/ adj
antropozoficzny
of or pertaining to anthroposophy

anthroposophy /ˌænθɹəˈpɑsəfi/ /ˌænθɹəˈpɒsəfi/ n
antropozofia
a spiritual philosophy

anthropotechnics n
antropotechnika
study of the interaction between man and machines

anthurium n
anturium
flower of the genus Anthurium

anti- /ænti/ /æntiː/ prefix
anty- przeciw-
against, hostile to

anti-American adj
antyamerykański
opposing America

anti-Semite n
antysemita antysemitka
anti-Semite

anti-Semitic /ˌæntiːsəˈmɪtɪk/ adj
antysemicki
exhibiting anti-Semitism

anti-Semitism /ˌæntɪˈsɛmɪˌtɪzəm/ n
antysemityzm
prejudice or hostility against Jews

anti-fascism n
antyfaszyzm
the opposition to fascist ideologies

anti-militarism n
antymilitaryzm
a doctrine that opposes war

anti-war adj
antywojenny
opposed to war

antibody n
przeciwciało
protein that binds to a specific antigen

antiburglary adj
antywłamaniowy przeciwwłamaniowy
countering burglary

antichrist n
antychryst
someone that works against the teachings of Christ

anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ə.peɪt/ /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ v
przewidzieć
to know of something before it manifests

anticline /ˈæntiklaɪn/ n
antyklina siodło
anticlinal fold

anticlockwise /ˌæntiˈklɑkwaɪz/ /ˌæntiˈklɒk.waɪz/ adv
przeciwnie do ruchu wskazówek zegara
in the opposite direction to the hands of an analogue clock

anticyclone n
antycyklon wyż
system of winds

antidandruff adj
przeciwłupieżowy
countering or preventing dandruff

antidemocratic adj
antydemokratyczny
opposed to the tenets of democracy

antiderivative n
funkcja pierwotna antypochodna całka nieoznaczona
function whose derivative is a given function

antidote /ˈæn.tə.dot/ n
antidotum odtrutka
remedy to counteract a poison

antifascist adj
antyfaszystowski
opposed to fascism

antifascist n
antyfaszysta
person opposed to fascism

antifeminism n
antyfeminizm
any belief antagonistic to feminism

antiferromagnetic adj
antyferromagnetyczny
exhibiting antiferromagnetism

antiferromagnetism n
antyferromagnetyzm
a phenomenon, similar to ferromagnetism

antiflood adj
przeciwpowodziowy
preventing or countering flooding

antigovernment adj
antyrządowy
opposed to a government currently in power

antigypsyism n
antycyganizm
prejudice or hostility against Romani people

antihero /ˈæn.taɪˌhi.ɹoʊ/ /ˈæn.tɪˌhɪə.ɹəʊ/ n
antybohater
protagonist who proceeds in an unheroic manner

antihydrogen n
antywodór
antimatter equivalent of hydrogen

antimatter /ˈæntimæˌtɚ/ n
antymateria
matter composed of antiparticles

antimony /ˈæn.tɪ.mə.niː/ /ˈæn.tɪˌmoʊ.ni/ n
antymon
chemical element

anting /ˈæntɪŋ/ n
kąpiel mrówkowa mrówkowanie
bird behaviour

antinomianism /æntiˈnoʊmi.ənɪzəm/ n
antynomizm
a religious movement which believes that only faith is essential for salvation

antinomy /ænˈtɪnəmi/ n
antynomia
contradiction

antioxidant n
przeciwutleniacz antyoksydant
substance that slows oxidation

antiparticle /ˈæntiˌpɑɹtɪkəl/ n
antycząstka
a subatomic particle

antipathy /ænˈtɪpəθi/ n
antypatia
contrariety or opposition in feeling

antiperistasis n
antyperystaza
the heightening of the force of an opposing process

antipope /ˈantɪpəʊp/ n
antypapież
person who claims to be pope

antiproton n
antyproton
antiparticle of the proton

antipyretic adj
przeciwgorączkowy
that reduces fever

antiquary n
antykwariusz
a person who is knowledgeable of, or who collects antiques; an antiquarian

antique /ænˈtiːk/ adj
antyczny
old; out of date

antique /ænˈtiːk/ n
antyk
old piece

antique shop n
antykwariat antykwarnia
store selling antiques

antiquity /ænˈtɪk.wə.ti/ /ænˈtɪk.wɪ.ti/ n
starożytność antyk
ancient times

antirealism n
antyrealizm
any position involving denial of the objective reality of certain entities

antislavery adj
antyniewolniczy przeciwniewolniczy
opposed to the practice of slavery

antisocial /ˌæntiˈsoʊʃəl/ adj
aspołeczny
unwilling or unable to associate normally with other people

antispam adj
antyspamowy
countering spam (unwanted electronic mail)

antiterrorism n
antyterroryzm
activity aiming at opposing terrorism

antitheft adj
antykradzieżowy przeciwkradzieżowy
preventing from being stolen

antitheism n
antyteizm
active opposition to theism

antitotalitarian adj
antytotalitarny
opposed to or acting against totalitarianism or totalitarian behavior

antitotalitarianism n
antytotalitaryzm
opposition to totalitarianism

antitrade n
antypasat
the wind that blows from west to east above the trade wind

antitrinitarianism n
antytrynitaryzm
rejection of the doctrine that God subsists as three distinct persons

antler /ˈænt.lə/ /ˈænt.lɚ/ n
poroże róg
bony structure on the head of deer, moose and elk

antling n
mrówczę
small ant

antlion n
mrówkolew
nocturnal insects

antonomasia /ˌæntənəʊˈmeɪzɪə/ /ˌæntənəˈmeɪʒə/ n
antonomazja
substitution of an epithet or title in place of a proper noun

antonym /ˈæntəˌnɪm/ n
antonim
word which has the opposite meaning

anuria n
anuria bezmocz
a condition in which the kidneys do not produce urine

anus /ˈeɪ.nəs/ n
odbyt
lower opening of the digestive tract

anvil /ˈæn.vəl/ /ˈæn.vɪl/ n
kowadło
block used in blacksmithing
kowadełko kowadło
bone in inner ear

anxiety /ˌæŋ(ɡ)ˈzaɪ.ə.ti/ n
niepokój trwoga
concern
lęk
pathological condition

anxiety disorder n
zaburzenia lękowe
disorder characterised by excessive anxiety

any /ˈæni/ /ˈɛni/ /ˈɛnɪ/ /ˈɪni/ determiner
jakiś żaden
at least one (kind)
jakikolwiek każdy którykolwiek
no matter what kind

any /ˈæni/ /ˈɛni/ /ˈɛnɪ/ /ˈɪni/ pronoun
ktokolwiek
Any things or persons

any more adv
już (nie)
in negative or interrogative constructions

anybody's /ˈɛnibədiz/ pronoun
czyjś
belonging to anybody (possessive form of anybody)

anyhow /ˈɛn.i.haʊ/ adv
jakkolwiek w jakikolwiek sposób
in any way, in any manner

anyone /ˈɛniˌwʌn/ pronoun
ktokolwiek byle kto kto bądź
anybody

anything /ˈæ.ni.θɪŋ/ /ˈɛ.nə.θɪŋ/ /ˈɛ.nɪ.θɪŋ/ /ˈɛn.i.θɪŋ/ pronoun
byle co cokolwiek
any thing of any kind

anytime adv
byle kiedy kiedy bądź kiedykolwiek
at any time

anywhere /ˈɛn.i.hwɛɹ/ /ˈɛn.iː.(h)wɛə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛnɪwɛə/ adv
byle gdzie gdzie bądź gdziekolwiek
in or at any location

aorist /ˈeɪ.ə.ɹɪst/ n
aoryst
a grammatical aspect

aorta /eɪˈɔːtə/ /eɪˈɔːɹtə/ n
aorta
great artery

aortal adj
aortowy
of or relating to the aorta

aortic arch n
łuk aorty
curving portion of the aorta

apart from preposition
oprócz
except for

apartment /əˈpɑɹt.mənt/ /əˈpɑːt.mənt/ n
mieszkanie
domicile occupying part of a building

apartment building n
blok mieszkalny
residential building with multiple flats

apatheism /æ.pə.θi.ɪzəm/ n
apateizm
apathy concerning the existence of God

apathetic /æp.əˈθɛt.ɪk/ adj
apatyczny
void of feeling

apathy /ˈæ.pə.θi/ n
apatia
lack of emotion or motivation

apatite /ˈæp.ə.taɪt/ n
apatyt
type of mineral

ape /eɪp/ n
małpa małpa człekokształtna
animal

ape /eɪp/ v
małpować imitować
to imitate

aperture /ˈæp.ə.tʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈæp.ɚ.tʃɚ/ n
przysłona
diameter of the aperture (in the sense above)
otwór szczelina szpara
opening
przesłona
something which restricts the diameter of the light path through one plane in an optical system

apex /ˈeɪˌpɛks/ n
szczyt
botany: end of leaf

aphasia /əˈfeɪzɪə/ n
afazja
pathological speech disorder

aphasic /əˈfeɪzək/ n
afatyczka afatyk
one who is afflicted by symptoms of aphasia

aphasically adv
afatycznie
in an aphasic manner

aphelion /əˈfiːlɪən/ n
aphelium
the point in the elliptical orbit of a planet where it is farthest from the Sun

apheresis /əˈfɛɹəsɪs/ /əˈfɪəɹɪsɪs/ /ˌæfəˈɹisɪs/ n
afereza
loss of letters or sounds from the beginning of a word

aphid /ˈeɪ.fɪd/ n
mszyca
insect

aphonic adj
afoniczny bezgłośny niemy
exhibiting aphonia

aphorism /ˈæ.fə.ɹɪzm̩/ n
aforyzm maksyma sentencja
short phrase conveying some principle or concept of thought

aphrodisiac /æf.ɹoʊ.ˈdi.zi.æk/ n
afrodyzjak
food or drug

aphthous ulcer n
afta
ulcer in the mouth caused by break in mucous membrane

apiarian /eɪpɪˈɛəɹɪən/ adj
pszczelarski
pertaining to beekeeping

apiarian /eɪpɪˈɛəɹɪən/ n
pszczelarz
beekeeper

apiary /ˈeɪ.pi.ə.ɹi/ /ˈeɪ.pi.ɛɹ.i/ n
pasieka
a place where bees and hives are kept

apicoalveolar adj
apikalno-alweolarny apikalny dziąsłowy
articulated with the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge

apiol n
apiol
oleoresin

apnea n
bezdech
cessation of breathing

apocalypse /əˈpɑkəlɪps/ /əˈpɒkəlɪps/ n
apokalipsa
end of the world
cataclysmic event

apocalyptic /əˈpɒ.kə.lɪp.tɪk/ adj
apokaliptyczny
of or relating to an apocalypse

apocatastasis n
apokatastaza
the doctrine that an apocalypse will lead to the remaking of the world rather than a Final Judgment

apocope /əˈpɒ.kə.pi/ n
apokopa
loss or omission of a sound or syllable from the end of a word

apolipoprotein n
apolipoproteina
protein that can bind with a lipid

apologize /əˈpɑləd͡ʒaɪz/ /əˈpɒləd͡ʒaɪz/ v
przepraszać przeprosić
to make an apology or excuse

apologue n
bajka
a short story with a moral, often involving talking animals or objects

apology /əˈpɒl.ə.dʒi/ n
przeprosiny
an expression of regret

apophenia /æpɵˈfiːni.ə/ n
apofenia
the perception of connectedness in unrelated phenomena

apoplexy /ˈæp.əˌplɛk.si/ n
apopleksja
loss of consciousness

apoptosis /ˌapɒpˈtəʊsɪs/ /ˌæ.pəˈtoʊ.sɪs/ n
apoptoza
death of cells

aposematism /ˌæpoʊsɪˈmætɪz(ə)m/ /ˌæpə(ʊ)sɪˈmætɪz(ə)m/ n
aposematyczne ubarwienie ostrzegawcze
adaptation that warns off potential predators

apostasy /əˈpɒstəsi/ n
apostazja odstępstwo odszczepieństwo
renunciation of set of beliefs

apostle /əˈpɑsl̩/ /əˈpɒs(ə)l/ n
apostoł
missionary or leader of a mission
top-ranking Mormon church official

apostolate n
apostolat
group of people that exists for the spreading of religious doctrine

apostolic succession n
sukcesja apostolska
chain of consecrations of bishops

apostrophe /əˈpɑːs.tɹə.fi/ /əˈpɒs.tɹə.fi/ n
apostrof
the character ’
apostrofa
sudden piece of dialogue

apothegm /ˈæp.ə.θɛm/ n
apoftegmat
A short witty instructive saying

apotropaic adj
apotropaiczny apotropeiczny
intended to ward off evil

app /æp/ [ʔæʔp̚] n
apka
small computer application

appall /əˈpɔl/ v
bulwersować zbulwersować
to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear

appalling adj
przerażający zatrważający
That appalls/appals or appall/appal

apparatchik /apəˈɹatʃɪk/ /æpəˈɹæt͡ʃɪk/ n
aparatczyk
member of a Communist apparat

apparatus /æ.pəˈɹeɪ.təs/ /æ.pəˈɹæ.təs/ /æpəˈɹɑːtəs/ n
aparat
complex machine or instrument

apparent /əˈpæ.ɹənt/ adj
oczywisty
clear
pozorny
seeming
widoczny
visible

apparently /əˈpaɹəntli/ /əˈpæɹ.ɨnt.li/ adv
najwyraźniej
(archaic) plainly
widocznie widać
seemingly

appeal /əˈpiːl/ n
apelacja
application for the removal of a cause to a superior judge

appeal /əˈpiːl/ v
podobać się
to be attractive

appear /əˈpiɹ/ /əˈpiːɹ/ /əˈpɪə/ v
pojawiać się pojawić się zjawiać się zjawić się
To come or be in sight; to be in view; to become visible
zdawać się
To seem; to have a certain semblance; to look
stanąć stawić się
To stand in presence of some authority, tribunal, or superior person, to answer a charge, plead a cause, or the like

appearance /əˈpɪəɹəns/ /əˈpɪɹəns/ n
zjawisko
A thing seen
stawiennictwo
The coming into court of either of the parties
wygląd aparycja
personal presence, form or look

append /əˈpɛnd/ /ʌˈpɛnd/ v
doczepić dołączyć
to hang or attach to, as by a string

appendectomy n
wycięcie ślepej kiszki
surgical procedure

appendicitis /əˈpɛnd.ɪ.saɪt.əs/ n
zapalenie wyrostka
inflamation of the vermiform appendix

appendix /əˈpɛn.dɪks/ n
dodatek załącznik
text added to the end of a book or an article
wyrostek robaczkowy wyrostek
vermiform appendix

apperception /ˌæpəˈsɛpʃən/ /ˌæpɚˈsɛpʃən/ n
apercepcja
mind’s perception of itself as subject

appetite /ˈæp.ə.taɪt/ n
żądza
desire for personal gratification
apetyt
desire of or relish for food

appetizer n
zakąska
small, light first course

applause /əˈplɑz/ /əˈplɔz/ /əˈplɔːz/ n
aplauz
act of applauding

apple /ˈæp.əl/ n
jabłko
fruit
jabłoń
wood

apple juice n
sok jabłkowy
the juice of apples, often used as a drink

apple mint n
jabłkowa mięta mięta jabłkowa mięta wonna
aromatic herb

apple of discord /ˈæp(ə)l əv ˈdɪskɔɹd/ /ˈæp(ə)l əv ˈdɪskɔːd/ n
jabłko niezgody
object which sows anger and dissension

apple pie n
jabłecznik szarlotka
pie with apple filling

apple tree /ˈæpl̩ tɹi/ /ˈæpl̩ tɹiː/ n
jabłoń
tree that bears apples

apple-cheeked adj
rumiany
having red cheeks

applicable /ˈæplɪkəbəl/ adj
dotyczący odnoszący się odpowiedni
suitable for application; relevant

applicant /ˈæp.lə.kɪnt/ n
kandydat kandydatka
one who applies

application /aplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
aplikacja program komputerowy
a computer program
wniosek aplikacja
a verbal or written request, especially for assistance or employment or admission to a school, course or similar

appointment /əˈpɔɪnt.mɛnt/ /əˈpɔɪnt.mɪnt/ n
spotkanie
arrangement for a meeting; an engagement

apposite /əˈpɒzɪt/ /ˈa.pə.zɪt/ /ˈæ.p.əzɪt/ adj
stosowny właściwy
appropriate, relevant, well-suited

appraisal /əˈpɹeɪzəl/ n
ocena wycena
judgement

appraiser n
rzeczoznawca
one who appraises

appreciate /əˈpɹiː.ʃi.eɪt/ v
rozumieć zdawać sobie sprawę z
to be aware of
doceniać
to be grateful for something
to view as valuable
drożeć zyskiwać (na wartości)
to increase in value

appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
uznanie
A just valuation or estimate of merit, worth, weight, etc.; recognition of excellence

apprehensive adj
strwożony
anticipating something with anxiety or fear

apprentice /əˈpɹɛntɪs/ n
uczeń terminator
trainee, especially in a skilled trade

approach /əˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /əˈpɹəʊt͡ʃ/ n
podejście
a manner in which a problem is solved or policy is made
dojazd podjazd
a way, passage, or avenue by which a place or buildings can be approached; an access
dostęp
an access, or opportunity of drawing near
nadejście podejście zbliżenie
the act of drawing near

approach /əˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/ /əˈpɹəʊt͡ʃ/ v
nadchodzić nadciągać zbliżać się
To come near to in place, time, or character
nadchodzić nadciągać
To draw near, in a figurative sense
podchodzić przybliżać się zbliżać się
to come or go near, in place or time; to draw nigh; to advance nearer

appropriate /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.ɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹiː.eɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹiː.ɪt/ adj
odpowiedni należyty stosowny właściwy
peculiar, suitable, fit, proper
stosowny
suitable to social situation

appropriate /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.ɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹiː.eɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹiː.ɪt/ v
przywłaszczyć sobie
To take to oneself in exclusion of others

appropriately adv
odpowiednio
in an appropriate manner

approval /əˈpɹuvəl/ /əˈpɹuːvəl/ n
aprobata
acceptance
zgoda
permission

approve /əˈpɹuːv/ v
aprobować
To make or show to be worthy of approbation or acceptance

approximately /əˈpɹɑk.sɪ.mət.li/ /əˈpɹɒk.sɪ.mət.li/ adv
około jako tako mniej więcej z grubsza
imprecise but close to in quantity or amount

apricot /æepɹɪˈkɒt/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɒt/ adj
morelowy
colour

apricot /æepɹɪˈkɒt/ /ˈeɪ.pɹɪ.kɒt/ n
morela
fruit
tree

apron /ˈeɪ.pɹən/ n
fartuch
clothing

apropos /ˌæp.ɹəˈpoʊ/ /ˌæp.ɹəˈpəʊ/ adj
dorzeczny stosowny
of an appropriate or pertinent nature

apsis /ˈæpsɪs/ n
apsyda
architecture: apse
astronomy: point in elliptical orbit

aptly /ˈæp(t).li/ adv
odpowiednio trafnie
in an apt or suitable manner

aqua regia /ˈɑː.kwə ˈɹeɪ.ɡi.ə/ n
woda królewska
mixture of acids

aquapark n
aquapark
an amusement park with waterplay areas

aquaponics /(ˌ)ækwəˈpɒnɪks/ /ˌɑkwəˈpɑnɪks/ n
akwaponika
system that combines aquaculture with hydroponics

aquarelle n
akwarela
painting

aquarist n
akwarysta akwarystka
a person who maintains an aquarium

aquarium n
akwarium
tank for keeping fish
public place where live fish are exhibited

aquatic /ɘˈkwɔ.tɘk/ /əˈkwɑ.tɪk/ /əˈkwɒ.tɪk/ adj
wodny
relating to water; living in or near water, taking place in water

aquatic warbler n
wodniczka
Acrocephalus paludicola

aqueduct /ˈæk.wəˌdʌkt/ /ˈæk.wɪˌdʌkt/ /ˈɑk.wəˌdʌkt/ n
akwedukt wodociąg
an artificial channel conveying water
a structure carrying water

aqueous /ˈæ.kwi.əs/ adj
wodnisty wodny
consisting mainly of water

aquifer /ˈɑkwɪfɝ/ n
warstwa wodonośna
an underground layer of water-bearing porous stone, earth, or gravel

aquiline /ˈæk.wɪ.laɪn/ adj
orli
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of eagles

aquiline nose n
orli nos jastrzębi nos
human nose with a hooked, bent shape

arable /ˈæɹəbl̩/ adj
orny
suitable for cultivation

arachnid /əˈɹæknɪd/ n
pajęczak
eight-legged creature

arachnophobia /æˌɹæk.nəˈfəʊ.bɪ.ə/ n
arachnofobia
an abnormal or irrational fear of spiders

arbitrage /ˈɑːɹbɪˌtɹɑːʒ/ n
arbitraż rozjemstwo
market activity

arbitrary /ˈɑɹ.bɪ.tɹɛ(ə).ɹi/ /ˈɑː.bɪ.tɹə.ɹi/ adj
dowolny
(mathematics)
arbitralny dowolny umowny
based on individual discretion or judgment
samowolny apodyktyczny arbitralny
unrestrained by law; tyrannical

arboretum /ɑː(ɹ)bəˈɹiːtəm/ n
arboretum
place of many varieties of tree

arborio /ɑɹˈbɔɹi.oʊ/ /ɑːˈbɔːɹɪ.əʊ/ n
arborio
variety of short-grained rice

arc /ɑɹk/ /ɑːk/ n
łuk
geometry: part of a curve
curve

arch /ɑɹt͡ʃ/ /ɑɹ˞k/ /ɑːt͡ʃ/ n
łuk
architectural element
inverted U shape
arrangement of trapezoidal stones

arch /ɑɹt͡ʃ/ /ɑɹ˞k/ /ɑːt͡ʃ/ v
tworzyć łuk wyginać w łuk
to form into arch

arch- /ɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃ/ prefix
arcy-
chief, highest, most extreme

archaeological adj
archeologiczny
relating to the science or research of archaeology

archaeologically adv
archeologicznie
in an archaeological manner

archaeologist n
archeolog archeolożka
someone who studies or practises archaeology

archaeology /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.dʒi/ /ˌɑː(ɹ).kiˈɒ.lə.dʒi/ n
archeologia
scientific study of past remains

archaic /ɑɹ.ˈkeɪ.ɪk/ /ɑː.ˈkeɪ.ɪk/ adj
archaiczny
old-fashioned or antiquated

archaism /ˈɑː(ɹ)keɪˌɪzəm/ n
archaizm
archaic word, language

archangel /ˈɑː(ɹ)kˌeɪn.dʒəl/ n
archanioł
angel who leads other angels

archbishop /ɑɹtʃ.bɪʃ.əp/ /ɑː(ɹ)tʃ.bɪʃ.əp/ n
arcybiskup
senior bishop

archbishopric n
arcybiskupstwo metropolia
jurisdiction of an archbishop

archdiocese /ˌɑɹtʃˈdaɪəsɪs/ /ˌɑːtʃˈdaɪ.ə.sɪs/ n
archidiecezja arcybiskupstwo metropolia
area administered by an archbishop

archducal /ɑːtʃˈdjuːkəl/ adj
arcyksiążęcy
pertaining to archdukes

archduchess n
arcyksiężna arcyksiężniczka
daughter or granddaughter of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary

archduke n
arcyksiążę
rank

archegonium n
rodnia
multicellular reproductive structure in certain plants

archeopteryx /ɑɹkiˈɒptəɹɪks/ /ɑːkiːˈɒptəɹɪks/ n
archaeopteryx
ancient bird

archer /ˈɑɹtʃɚ/ /ˈɑː(ɹ).tʃə(ɹ)/ n
łuczniczka łucznik
one who shoots an arrow from a bow or a bolt from a crossbow

archeress /ˈɑːtʃəɹɪs/ n
łuczniczka
a female archer

archery /ɑɹtʃəɹiː/ n
łucznictwo
the practice

archetypal adj
archetypowy
Of or pertaining to an archetype

archetype /ˈɑɹkɪtaɪp/ /ˈɑːkɪtaɪp/ n
archetyp
Jungian psychology: universal pattern of thought
original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned
character, object, or story based on a known character, object, or story

archiepiscopal adj
arcybiskupi
of or relating to an archbishop or an archbishopric

archimandrite /ˌɑːkɪˈmændɹaɪt/ n
archimandryta
The superior of a large monastery, or group of monasteries, in the Orthodox Church

archipelago /ɑːkɪˈpɛləɡəʊ/ /ˌɑɹkɪˈpɛləˌɡoʊ/ n
archipelag
group of islands

architect /ˈɑɹkɪtɛkt/ /ˈɑːkɪtɛkt/ n
architekt architektka
designer of buildings

architectural /ˌɑɹkɪˈtɛktʃəɹəl/ adj
architektoniczny
pertaining to architecture

architecture /ˈɑɹkɪtɛktʃɚ/ /ˈɑː.kɪ.ˌtɛk.tʃə/ n
architektura
art and science of designing buildings and other structures

architrave /ˈɑɹ.kɪ.tɹeɪv/ n
architraw
the lowest part of an entablature

archival adj
archiwalny
of or pertaining to an archive or archiving

archival science n
archiwistyka
the study of archiving

archivally adv
archiwalnie
by archival means

archive /ˈɑɹkaɪv/ /ˈɑːkaɪv/ n
archiwum
place for storing earlier material

archive /ˈɑɹkaɪv/ /ˈɑːkaɪv/ v
archiwizować zarchiwizować
to archive

archivist /ˈɑː(ɹ)kəvɪst/ n
archiwista archiwistka archiwariusz archiwariuszka
one who creates, maintains or controls archives

archivolt n
archiwolta
an ornamental molding or band following the underside of an arch

archly adv
łobuzersko
in an arch manner

archmage n
arcymag
a very powerful mage

archpriest n
archiprezbiter
religious title/rank

arcology n
arkologia
urban development theory involving efficient use of space and resources

arctic hare n
zając polarny
Lepus arcticus

arcuate fasciculus /ˈɑːkjuːət fəˈsɪkjʊləs/ n
pęczek łukowaty
bundle of axons

ard /ɑɹd/ /ɑːd/ n
radło
simple plough

arduous /ˈɑːdjuːəs/ /ˈɑːɹd͡ʒuəs/ adj
uciążliwy
needing or using up much energy

are /aʊɚ/ /ɐː(ɹ)/ /ɑɹ/ /ɑː(ɹ)/ /ɘ(ɹ)/ /ə(ɹ)/ /ɚ/ /ɛə(ɹ)/ n
ar
unit of area

are /aʊɚ/ /ɐː(ɹ)/ /ɑɹ/ /ɑː(ɹ)/ /ɘ(ɹ)/ /ə(ɹ)/ /ɚ/ /ɛə(ɹ)/ /ɛə/ /ɛəɹ/ v
jesteśmy
first-person plural simple present indicative form of be
jesteście są
second-person plural simple present indicative form of be
je jesteś
second-person singular (informal) simple present indicative form of be
są
third-person plural simple present indicative form of be

area /ˈæɹ.i.ə/ /ˈɛə̯ɹɪə̯/ n
dziedzina
figuratively, any extent, scope or range
powierzchnia
maths: measure of extent of a surface
obszar
particular geographic region

arena /əˈɹiːnə/ n
arena
an enclosed area, often outdoor
the sand-covered centre of an amphitheatre
the building housing such an area
a realm in which important events unfold

areoid n
marsoid

areola /əˈɹi.ə.lə/ n
otoczka
circle around the nipple

aretalogy n
aretalogia
biography in which a deity's attributes are listed in the first person

argent /ˈɑɹdʒənt/ /ˈɑːdʒənt/ adj
srebrny
of white or silver tincture on a coat of arms

argent /ˈɑɹdʒənt/ /ˈɑːdʒənt/ n
srebro
silver or metal tincture

arginine /ˈɑɹɡɪniːn/ n
arginina
an amino acid

argon /ˈɑːɹɡɒn/ n
argon
a chemical element

argot /ˈɑɹɡoʊ/ /ˈɑːɡəʊ/ n
argot
secret language of thieves, tramps and vagabonds
specialized vocabulary and terminology of a field

argument /ˈɑɹɡjumənt/ /ˈɑːɡjʊmənt/ n
argument racja dowód powód uzasadnienie
fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason
argumentacja
process of reasoning
argument
variable that is being passed to a function
independent variable
kłótnia
verbal dispute; a quarrel

argumentative /ˌɑː(r)ɡjʊˈmɛntətɪv/ adj
kłótliwy sporny
prone to argue or dispute

aria /ˈɑː.ɹɪə/ n
aria
type of musical piece

aril n
osnówka
meat surrounding seed

aristocracy /ˌæ.ɹɪˈstɒk.ɹə.si/ /ˌɛɹ.ɪˈstɑk.ɹə.si/ n
arystokracja
class of people considered superior to others
the nobility or the hereditary ruling class
government by such a class

aristocrat /əˈɹɪstəkɹæt/ /ˈæɹɪstəˌkɹæt/ n
arystokrata
one of the aristocracy

aristocratic /ˌæɹɪstəˈkɹætɪk/ adj
arystokratyczny
of or pertaining to an aristocracy
partaking of aristocracy; befitting aristocracy

arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/ /əˈɹɪθmətɪk/ adj
arytmetyczny
arithmetical

arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/ /əˈɹɪθmətɪk/ n
arytmetyka
mathematics of numbers, etc.

arithmetic logic unit n
jednostka arytmetyczno-logiczna
part of a CPU that does calculations and logical operations

arithmetic mean n
średnia arytmetyczna
measure of central tendency

arithmetic progression n
ciąg arytmetyczny postęp arytmetyczny
sequence

arithmetically adv
arytmetycznie
In an arithmetic / arithmetical manner

arithmomania n
arytmomania
disorder

arity /ˈæɹɪti/ n
argumentowość
number of arguments

ark /ɑɹk/ /ɑːk/ n
arka
Noah's ship

arm /ɑɹm/ /ɑːm/ n
ramię
part of object
ramię ręka
upper appendage from shoulder to wrist
part of a chromosome
broń
weapon

arm to the teeth v
uzbroić po zęby
to equip with weapons

arm wrestling /ˈɑɹm ˌɹɛs.lɪŋ/ /ˈɑːm ˌɹɛs.lɪŋ/ n
siłowanie na rękę siłowanie się siłowanie się na rękę
a sport

arm-wrestle v
siłować na rękę siłować się siłować się na rękę
to compete in an arm-wrestle

armadillo /ɑɹməˈdɪloʊ/ /ɑːməˈdɪləʊ/ n
pancernik
burrowing mammal covered with bony, jointed, protective plates

armband n
opaska
A band worn around the arm
rękawek
An inflatable band worn round the arms to keep afloat in water

armchair /ˈɑɹmtʃɛɚ/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)mtʃɛə(ɹ)/ n
fotel
a chair with supports for the arms or elbows

armed /ɑɹmd/ /ɑːmd/ /ˈɑːɹmɪd/ adj
uzbrojony
equipped, especially with a weapon

armed forces n
siły zbrojne
the military forces of a nation

armful /ˈɑː(r)mfʊl/ n
naręcze
amount an arm or arms can hold

armistice /ˈɑɹmɪstɪs/ /ˈɑːmɪstɪs/ n
rozejm zawieszenie broni
formal agreement to end combat

armless adj
bezręki
without arms

armlet /ˈɑːmlət/ n
bransoleta
A band that is worn on the arm that for ornamental or identification purposes

armor /ˈɑː.mə/ /ˈɑːɹ.mɚ/ n
wojska pancerne
military formation consisting primarily of tanks
pancerz
natural form of this kind of protection on an animal's body
pojazd opancerzony
other heavy mobile assault vehicle
zbroja pancerz
protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damaging forces

armored adj
opancerzony
clad or equipped with arms or armor

armored personnel carrier n
transporter opancerzony
armored vehicle for carrying infantry soldiers in combat

armour /ˈɑː.mə/ /ˈɑːɹ.mɚ/ n
wojska pancerne
military formation consisting primarily of tanks
pancerz
natural protection on an animal's body
pojazd opancerzony
other heavy mobile assault vehicle
zbroja pancerz
protective layer over a body, vehicle etc.

armoured car n
samochód opancerzony
automobile equipped with armour

armoured train n
pociąg pancerny
railway train protected with armour

armoury n
arsenał zbrojownia
place where arms are kept, an arsenal

armpit /ˈɑɹmˌpɪt/ n
pacha
cavity beneath the junction of the arm and shoulder

arms race n
wyścig zbrojeń
a competition for military supremacy

army /ˈɑɹ.mi/ /ˈɑː.miː/ n
armia wojsko
military force concerned mainly with ground operations
government agency in charge of a state's army
any multitude
large group of people working towards the same purpose
large group of social animals working towards the same purpose

arnica n
arnika
plants of genus Arnica

aroma /əˈɹoʊmə/ /əˈɹəʊmə/ n
aromat
a pleasant smell

around /əˈɹaʊnd/ /əˈɹæwnd/ adj
dookoła wokół

arousal /əˈɹaʊzəl/ n
przebudzenie
arousal from sleep or hibernation
pobudzenie podniecenie
sexual arousal

arouse /əˈɹaʊz/ v
budzić obudzić
to awaken
pobudzać pobudzić podniecać podniecić
to sexually stimulate
wzbudzać wzbudzić
to stimulate feelings

arrange /əˈɹeɪndʒ/ v
ustawić ułożyć
to set up, organise

arranged marriage n
małżeństwo aranżowane
marriage planned by someone else

arrangement /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒmənt/ n
układ umowa
agreement
układ
manner of being arranged
aranżacja
music: adaptation of a piece of music

arras /ˈæɹəs/ n
arras
tapestry or wall hanging

array /əˈɹeɪ/ n
tablica
any of various data structures
obleczenie odzienie strój ubiór
clothing/ornamentation

array /əˈɹeɪ/ v
oblec oblekać odziać odziewać
to clothe, ornament

arrest /əˈɹɛst/ n
aresztowanie
act of arresting a criminal, suspect etc
areszt
confinement, as after an arrest

arrest /əˈɹɛst/ v
przykuć
to seize attention of
powstrzymać
to stop (a process etc.)
aresztować
to take into legal custody

arrest warrant n
list gończy nakaz aresztowania
document authorizing an arrest

arrhythmia /eɪˈɹɪðmɪə/ n
arytmia
irregular heartbeat

arrival /əˈɹaɪ.vəl/ n
przyjazd przybycie przyjście przylot
act of arriving or something that has arrived

arrive /əˈɹaɪv/ v
przybywać przybyć przyjechać przyjść przychodzić przyjeżdżać
to get to a certain place
dojść
to obtain a level of success or fame
dochodzić dojechać dojeżdżać dojść dolatywać dolecieć
to reach

arrogance /ˈæɹ.ə.ɡəns/ n
arogancja
act or habit of arrogating, or making undue claims in an overbearing manner

arrogant /ˈæɹəɡənt/ adj
arogancki
having excessive pride

arrow /ˈæɹ.oʊ/ /ˈæɹ.əʊ/ n
strzała strzałka
projectile
strzałka strzała
symbol

arrowhead n
grot
the pointed part of an arrow

arsehole n
dupek
inconsiderate or mean-spirited person

arsenal /ˈɑː(ɹ)sənəl/ n
arsenał zbrojownia
military establishment
stock of weapons

arsenate n
arsenian
salt or ester of arsenic acid

arsenic /ɑɹˈsɛnɪk/ /ɑː(ɹ)ˈsɛnɪk/ /ˈɑɹsənɪk/ /ˈɑː(ɹ).sə.nɪk/ n
arszenik trójtlenek arsenu
arsenic trioxide
arsen
chemical element

arsenic acid n
kwas arsenowy
H₃AsO₄

arsenide /ˈaɹsəˌnaɪd/ n
arsenek
compound with arsenic in oxidation state -3

arson /ˈɑɹsən/ /ˈɑːsən/ n
podpalenie
crime of setting a fire

arsonist /ˈɑɹsənəst/ /ˈɑːsənɪst/ n
podpalacz
one who has committed the act of arson

art /ɑɹt/ /ɑːt/ n
dzieło sztuki
artwork
sztuka umiejętność
conscious production or arrangement
human effort
skillful creative activity

art dealer n
marszand
someone who buys and sells works of art

art historian n
historyczka stuki historyk sztuki
an expert in art history

art history n
historia sztuki
study of the history of the visual arts

artemisia /ɑːtɪˈmɪzɪə/ n
bylica
plant of the genus Artemisia

arterial adj
tętniczy arterialny
relating to an artery

arteriole n
arteriola tętniczka
arteriole

artery /ˈɑɹ.təɹɪ/ /ˈɑː.tə.ɹi/ n
tętnica arteria
blood vessel from the heart

arthropod n
stawonóg
animal of Arthropoda

artichoke /ˈɑɹ.tɪˌtʃəʊk/ /ˈɑː.tɪˌtʃəʊk/ n
karczoch
vegetable

article /ˈɑɹtɪkəl/ /ˈɑːtɪkəl/ n
rodzajnik przedimek artykuł
part of speech that specifies a noun
paragraf artykuł
section of a legal document
artykuł rodzajnik
story, report, or opinion piece
member of a group or class

artifact /ˈɑɹtɪfækt/ /ˈɑːtɪfækt/ n
artefakt
archaeological object

artificial /ɑː(ɹ)təˈfɪʃəl/ adj
sztuczny
man-made
false, misleading
unnatural

artificial intelligence n
sztuczna inteligencja
branch of computer science
intelligence exhibited by an artificial entity

artificiality /ˌɑː(ɹ).tɪˌfɪʃ.iˈæl.ɪ.ti/ n
sztuczność
The quality of being artificial

artillery /ɑɹˈtɪləɹi/ /ɑːˈtɪləɹi/ n
artyleria
weapon

artiodactyl /ˌɑːtɪəʊˈdaktɪl/ n
parzystokopytne
any ungulate mammal with an even number of toes

artisan /ˈɑɹtɪzən/ /ˈɑː(ɹ)tɪzən/ n
rzemieślnik rzemieślniczka
skilled manual worker

artist /ˈɑɹ.tɪst/ /ˈɑːtɪst/ n
artysta artyska twórca twórczyni
person who creates art

artistic /ɑɹˈtɪstɪk/ /ɑːˈtɪstɪk/ adv
kunsztowny artystyczny
aesthetically pleasing
artystyczny
relating to art or artists
having creative skill

artistically adv
artystycznie
In an artistic manner

artistry n
kunszt
significant artistic skill

arts and crafts n
rękodzieło
handicrafts

arugula /əˈɹuɡələ/ n
rukola
herb

arum /ɛ(ə)ɹəm/ n
obrazki
flower or plant in the genus Arum

arête /əˈɹɛt/ n
grań
a thin ridge of rock

as /æz/ /əz/ conjunction
podczas
at the same time that
bo ponieważ
considering that, because
jak
in the same way that

as /æz/ /əz/ /ˈæs/ preposition
jako
In the role of

as far as one knows adv
o ile mi wiadomo
to the best of my knowledge

as fuck adv
w chuj
to a great extent

as if conjunction
jakby
as though

as if there were no tomorrow phraseologicalUnit
jakby jutra miało nie być jakby jutro miał się skończyć świat
to an excessive degree

as is /æzˈɪz/ adj
taki jaki jest
(of an object) in its present state or condition

as it happens adv
tak się składa
by coincidence

as long as conjunction
dopóki
while

as of preposition
od
from a specified time

as opposed to preposition
w przeciwieństwie do
in contrast to

as soon as conjunction
gdy tylko
immediately after

as usual adv
jak zwykle
as is usually the case

as well adv
też także
in addition, also
równie dobrze
to the same effect

as yet adv
jak dotąd
up to the present

as you make your bed, so you must lie in it proverb
jak sobie pościelesz, tak się wyśpisz
you shall carry the burden of your poor preparation

as you sow, so shall you reap proverb
kto sieje wiatr, zbiera burzę
consequences of actions are in proportion to intentions

as you wish interjection
jak uważasz
as you wish

asarabacca n
kopytnik
Asarum europaeum

asbestos /æs.ˈbɛs.tɒs/ n
azbest azbestowy
any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate

ascesis /əˈsisɪs/ /əˈsiːsɪs/ /əˈskiːsɪs/ n
asceza
(rigorous) self-discipline

ascetic /əˈsɛ.tɪk/ adj
ascetyczny
related to ascetics

ascetic /əˈsɛ.tɪk/ n
asceta ascetka
devotee to the practice of self-denial

ascetically adv
ascetycznie
in an ascetic manner

asceticism /əˈsɛt.əˌsɪz.əm/ n
asceza ascetyzm
the principles and practices of an ascetic

ascites n
wodobrzusze
symptom

ascorbic acid n
kwas askorbinowy
the white crystalline organic compound, C₆H₈O₆

asexual /eɪˈsɛkʃuəl/ adj
aseksualny
having no interest in sex

asexuality n
aseksualizm
state of not experiencing sexual attraction

asexually adv
aseksualnie
in an asexual manner; without having sex

ash /ˈæʃ/ n
popiół
solid remains of a fire
jesion
wood

ash pan n
popielnik
pan to catch ashes

ash tree n
jesion
Fraxinus tree

ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/ adj
zawstydzony
feeling shame or guilt

ashen /ˈæʃ.ɪn/ adj
jesionowy
made of ash-wood
blady
ash-colored; pale
popielaty
of or resembling ashes

ashlar /ˈæʃlə/ /ˈæʃlɚ/ n
licówka kamienna nieregularna mur ciosowy
masonry making use of such blocks

ashtray /ˈæʃtɹeɪ/ n
popielniczka
receptacle for ashes

asinine /ˈæs.ɪ.naɪn/ adj
debilny
failing to exercise intelligence or judgment
ośli
of or relating to a donkey

ask /eəsk/ /ˈask/ /ˈæks/ /ˈæsk/ /ˈɑːks/ /ˈɑːsk/ v
prosić poprosić
make a request
pytać zapytać
request an answer

ask out v
umawiać się umówić się
invite

asleep adj
uśpiony
in a state of sleep

asp /æsp/ n
boleń
fish Aspius aspius

asparagine n
asparagina
nonessential amino acid C₄H₈N₂O₃

asparagus /əˈspæɹ.ə.ɡəs/ /əˈspɛɹ.ə.ɡəs/ n
szparag
asparagus plant
asparagus shoots (food)

aspartame /əˈspɑːteɪm/ /ˈæspəɹteɪm/ n
aspartam
the artificial sweetener

aspartic acid n
kwas asparaginowy
a nonessential amino acid

aspect /ˈæspɛkt/ n
widok
position in respect to points of a compass, the sun, etc.
aspekt
quality of a verb
the way something appears
any specific feature, part, or element of something

aspen /ˈæspən/ n
osika
tree of genus Populus sect. Populus

aspergillum /ˌæspəɹˈdʒɪləm/ n
kropidło
holy water sprinkler

asphalt /ˈæsfælt/ /ˈæsfɔlt/ /ˈæʃfɑlt/ /ˈæʃfɔlt/ n
asfalt
asphalt concrete
sticky, black and highly viscous liquid

asphalt /ˈæsfælt/ /ˈæsfɔlt/ /ˈæʃfɑlt/ /ˈæʃfɔlt/ v
asfaltować
to pave with asphalt

asphodel /ˈæsfədɛl/ n
złotogłów
plant of the genus Asphodelus

asphyxia n
asfiksja zamartwica
condition with extreme decrease of oxygen and increase of carbon dioxide

aspic /ˈæspɪk/ n
auszpik galareta
dish

asplenia n
asplenia
absence of normal spleen function

ass /æs/ n
osioł
animal
osioł idiota tuman
stupid person
dupa tyłek cztery litery dupsko kuper zad
buttocks
dupa dupczenie jebanie pierdolenie
vulgar slang:sex

assailant /əˈseɪlənt/ n
agresor atakujący napadający napastnik
an attacker; someone who attacks another violently, or criminally

assassin /əˈsæsɪn/ n
zabójca zabójczyni zbójczyni
any ruthless killer
asasyn
member of the historical Ismaili Muslim militant group
zamachowiec skrytobójca skrytobójczyni
one who, motivated by political reasons, intentionally kills a particular person

assassination /əˌsæs.ɪ.ˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
zamach
murder for political reasons or personal gain

assault /əˈsɔːlt/ /əˈsʌlt/ n
napaść szturm
a violent onset or attack

assault rifle n
karabin automatyczny
a rifle

asscheek /ˈæstʃik/ n
policzek półdupek
slang for a buttock

assemble /əˈsɛmbl̩/ v
gromadzić się zbierać się
to gather as a group
montować
to put together

assembler /əˈsɛmb(ə)lɚ/ n
asembler
program that converts assembly language to machine code

assembly /əˈsɛmb.li/ /əˈsɛmb.lɪ/ n
zgromadzenie narada wiec
congregation of people
zgromadzenie
legislative body

assembly language n
asembler
programming language

assertiveness n
asertywność
the quality of being self-assured

assessment n
ocena
appraisal

assets /ˈæsets/ n
aktywa
any property or object of value that one possesses

asshole /ˈæsˌhoʊl/ n
dupa
anus
dupek cham dziad dziadyga gad gadzina
mean or rude person

assignee n
cesjonariusza nabywcy
law: one to whom rights or property is being transferred

assignment n
przypisanie
operation(s) that assign a value to a variable
cesja przelew
transfer of rights or benefits

assignor n
cedenta zbywającego
maker of an assignment

assimilation /əˌsɪməˈleɪʃən/ n
asymilacja
act or state

assist /əˈsɪst/ v
pomagać pomóc
help

assistance /əˈsɪs.təns/ n
pomoc
aid; help; the act or result of assisting

assistant /əˈsɪstənt/ /əˈsɪstɛnt/ n
asystent asystentka pomocnik pomocnica
person who assists

associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsoʊʃieɪt/ /əˈsəʊʃi.ət/ /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ n
kolega
companion; comrade
wspólnik współpracownik
partner

association /əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ /əˌsəʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ n
współpraca
act of associating
stowarzyszenie związek
group of persons associated for a common purpose

associative /əˈsoʊ.ʃi.ə.tɪv/ adj
łączny
algebraic property of an operator

associative array n
tablica asocjacyjna
An array-like data structure

assume /əˈsjuːm/ /əˈsuːm/ /əˈzuːm/ /əˈʃuːm/ v
przyjąć
to suppose to be true

assumption /əˈsʌmp.ʃən/ n
wniebowzięcie
taking of a person up into heaven
przypuszczenie
thing supposed

assure /əˈʃʊə/ /əˈʃʊɹ/ v
zapewniać zapewnić
to give someone confidence in the trustworthiness of something
asekurować pilnować ubezpieczać zabezpieczyć
to make sure and secure
upewnić
to reassure

asswipe /ˈæswaɪp/ n
srajtaśma
Something used to wipe one's anus after defecation

astatine /ˈastətiːn/ /ˈæstəˌtin/ n
astat
the chemical element

aster /ˈæstə(ɹ)/ n
aster
plant

asterisk /ˈæstəɹɪsk/ n
gwiazdka
symbol used to highlight words or sentences

asterism /ˈastəɹɪzəm/ n
asteryzm
a star-shaped figure exhibited by some crystals
small group of stars
typographical symbol

asteroid /ˈæstəɹoɪd/ n
asteroida planetoida
astronomy

asthenosphere /asˈθɛnə(ʊ)sfɪə/ n
astenosfera
the zone of the Earth's upper mantle, below the lithosphere

asthma /ˈasmə/ /ˈæzmə/ n
astma dychawica
chronic respiratory disease

astigmatism /əˈstɪɡmətɪzm̩/ n
astygmatyzm
disorder of the vision

astonishment /əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/ /əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/ n
niespodzianka zaskoczenie zdziwienie zdumienie dziw osłupienie
amazement, great surprise

astounding adj
zdumiewający
that astounds

astringent /əˈstɹɪn.dʒənt/ adj
surowy
sharp, caustic, severe

astrolabe /ˈæs.tɹəˌleɪb/ n
astrolabium
astronomical and navigational instrument

astrologer n
astrolog
one who studies astrology

astrological adj
astrologiczny
pertaining to astrology

astrological sign n
znak znak zodiaku
sign that is used as the basis of astrology

astrology /əˈstɹɒlədʒi/ n
astrologia
star divination

astronaut /ˈæstɹəˌnɒt/ /ˈæstɹəˌnɔt/ /ˈæstɹəˌnɔːt/ n
astronauta astronautka kosmonauta kosmonautka
member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft, or someone trained for that purpose

astronautic adj
astronautyczny kosmonautyczny
of or pertaining to astronautics

astronautics n
astronautyka kosmonautyka
science and technology of spaceflight

astronomer /ə.ˈstɹɑ.nə.mɚ/ /ə.ˈstɹɒ.nə.mə/ /ə.ˈstɹɒ.nə.mɚ/ n
astronom astronomka
one who studies astronomy

astronomical /ˌæs.tɹəˈnɒm.ɪk.əl/ /ˌæstɹəˈnɑːmɪkəl/ adj
astronomiczny
of or relating to astronomy
very large

astronomical unit n
jednostka astronomiczna
measure of distance

astronomy /əˈstɹɑnəˌmi/ n
astronomia
study of the physical universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere

astrophysicist n
astrofizyk
one who studies astrophysics

astrophysics n
astrofizyka
interdisciplinary branch of astronomy and physics

asunder /əˈsʌndə/ /əˈsʌndɚ/ adv
na kawałki
into separate parts

asylum /əˈsaɪləm/ n
dom obłąkanych szpital psychiatryczny
mental asylum
azyl przytułek
place of safety

asymmetry /eɪˈsɪmɪtɹi/ n
asymetria
lack of symmetry or proportion

asymptote n
asymptota
a straight line which a curve approaches arbitrarily closely

asymptotic /ˌæsəm(p)ˈtɑtɪk/ /ˌæsəm(p)ˈtɒtɪk/ adj
asymptotyczny
pertaining to values or properties approached at infinity

asymptotically adv
asymptotycznie
(analysis) in an asymptotical manner, in the way of an asymptote

at /æt/ /ət/ preposition
przy u w
in or very near a particular place
do na
in the direction of
o w
indicating time

at all [ætˈɔːɫ] [æˈɾɔɫ]
ani trochę całkiem nic a nic w ogóle wcale
at all

at all costs
za wszelką cenę
sparing no effort

at bay
trzymany w szachu zapędzony w kozi róg
cornered
trzymany na bezpieczną odległość trzymany na dystans
unable to come closer

at best
w najlepszym razie w najlepszym wypadku
in the most favorable of conditions

at death's door
jedną nogą w grobie na łożu śmierci
about to die

at first
z początku
initially; at the start

at first blush
na pierwszy rzut oka
upon first impression or consideration

at first glance
na pierwszy rzut oka
after only a superficial examination or review

at gunpoint
pod lufą karabinu
under coercion by someone with a firearm

at hand
pod ręką
within easy reach; nearby

at home
jak u siebie w domu
Comfortable
w domu
In one's place of residence

at large
na wolności
on the loose

at last
nareszcie w końcu wreszcie
after a long time; eventually

at least
przynajmniej
anyway
co najmniej przynajmniej
at a lower limit

at once /ət ˈwʌns/ adv
naraz
at the same time
od razu zaraz
immediately

at one's own risk
na własne ryzyko na własną rękę

at sign n
małpa
name of the symbol @

at the end of the day
koniec końców ostatecznie w ostatecznym rozrachunku
in summary; ultimately

at the moment
aktualnie w tej chwili w tym momencie
right now

at the same time
jednocześnie w tym samym czasie
simultaneously

at times
czasami niekiedy
on occasion, sometimes

at your service
do usług
way of introduction

ataman /ˈætəmən/ n
ataman
title

atavism /ˈætəˌvɪzəm/ n
atawizm
reappearance of an ancestral characteristic

atavistic /æt.əˈvɪs.tɪk/ adj
atawistyczny
biology: of the recurrence of a trait after an absence of generations
of a throwback
of the return of earlier, more primitive behavior

ataxia /əˈtæksɪə/ n
ataksja
lack of coordination

atelier /æ.təlˈjeɪ/ n
atelier
studio

athanor /ˈæθənɔɹ/ /ˈæθənɔː/ n
atanor
furnace or stove designed and used to maintain uniform heat, primarily used by alchemists

atheism /ˈeɪθiɪzəm/ n
ateizm
rejection of belief that any deities exist (with or without a belief that no deities exist)
belief that no deities exist (sometimes including rejection of other religious beliefs)

atheist /ˈeɪθiɪst/ n
ateista ateistka
a person who believes that no deities exist
ateista ateistka bezbożnik bezwyznaniowiec niewierzący
a person who rejects belief that any deities exist, whether or not that person believes that deities do not exist

atherosclerosis /ˌæθɚoʊskləˈɹoʊsəs/ n
miażdżyca
clogging or hardening of blood vessels caused by plaques

athlete /ˈæθ.lit/ /ˈæθ.liːt/ /ˈæθ.ə.liːt/ n
lekkoatleta lekkoatletka
participant in one of several sporting activities
sportowiec sportsmenka
person who actively participates in physical sports

athletic /æθˈlɛt.ɪk/ adj
wysportowany
having a muscular, well developed body, being in shape
sportowy
having to do with athletes

atlas /ˈætləs/ n
dźwigacz
(anatomy) The uppermost vertebra of the neck
atlas
bound collection of maps

atlatl /ˈatlat(ə)l/ n
atlatl
spear thrower

atmosphere /ˈæt.məsˌfɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ n
atmosfera
gases surrounding the Earth
a unit of measurement for pressure
air in a particular place
atmosfera nastrój
mood or feeling

atmospheric adj
atmosferyczny
relating to the atmosphere

atoll /ˈætɒl/ n
atol
island

atom /ˈatəm/ /ˈætəm/ n
atom
chemistry, physics: smallest possible amount of matter retaining its chemical properties
historical: theoretical particle of matter
smallest indivisible constituent

atomic /əˈtɑː.mɪk/ /əˈtɒm.ɪk/ /əˈtɔm.ɪk/ adj
atomowy
of, or employing nuclear energy or processes

atomic bomb n
bomba atomowa
nuclear weapon

atomic clock n
zegar atomowy
reference clock

atomic nucleus n
jądro atomu
nucleus of an atom

atomic number n
liczba atomowa
number of protons

atomic weight n
masa atomowa
term used to represent the mean atomic mass of an element in nature

atomism n
atomizm
ancient Greek theory

atonement n
pokuta
amends to restore a damaged relationship

atrium /ˈeɪ.tɹi.əm/ n
przedsionek atrium
one of two upper chambers of the heart

atrocious /əˈtɹoʊʃəs/ /əˈtɹəʊʃəs/ adj
odrażający zbrodniczy
frightful, evil, cruel, monstrous
ohydny okropny
very bad

atrocity n
okrucieństwo
extremely cruel act

atrophy /ˈæ.tɹə.fi/ n
atrofia
reduced functionality

atropine /æ-tɹo-pin/ n
atropina
alkaloid extracted from the plant deadly nightshade

attaboy /ˈætəˌbɔɪ/ interjection
zuch chłopak
Used to show encouragement or approval to a boy or a man

attachment /əˈtætʃmənt/ n
przywiązanie
dependence, especially a strong one
załącznik
file sent along with an email

attaché /əˈtæʃeɪ/ /ˌætæˈʃeɪ/ n
attaché
diplomatic officer

attack /əˈtæk/ n
atak napad
attempt to cause damage or injury
medicine: sudden onset of a disease
atak szturm napad
offense of a battle

attack /əˈtæk/ v
atakować napadać
to aggressively challenge with words
atakować napaść napadać
to apply violent force

attacker /əˈtækɚ/ n
napastnik
(soccer)
napastnik atakujący napadający
someone who attacks

attacking midfielder n
ofensywny pomocnik
midfield player

attempt /əˈtɛmpt/ n
próba podejście
the action of trying at something

attempt /əˈtɛmpt/ v
próbować spróbować
to try

attend /əˈtɛnd/ v
brać udział uczęszczać
to be present at

attendance /əˈtɛn.dəns/ n
obecność
frequency of one's presence
the state of attending

attendee n
uczestnik
a person who is in attendance or in the audience of an event
a visitor or participant of an event

attention /əˈtɛn.ʃən/ n
uwaga
mental focus
atencja względy
romantic interest
baczność
state of alertness in the standing position

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder n
ADHD zaburzenia hiperkinetyczne zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z brakiem koncentracji uwagi zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z deficytem uwagi
developmental disorder

attentive /əˈtɛntɪv/ adj
uważny baczny
paying attention

attentively adv
uważnie
in an attentive manner

attenuation n
tłumienie
a gradual diminishing in the strength

attestation /ˈæ.tɛs.teɪ.ʃən/ /ˌætɛˈsteɪʃən/ n
zaświadczenie świadectwo
something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates
zaświadczenie
such a confirmation or authentication

attested /əˈtɛstɪd/ adj
poświadczony zaświadczony
proven; shown to be true with evidence

attic /ˈætɪk/ n
strych poddasze attyka mansarda
space, often unfinished and with sloped walls, directly below the roof

attire /əˈtaɪə(ɹ)/ n
strój ubiór
one's dress or clothes

attitude /ˈætɪtud/ /ˈætɪˌtjuːd/ n
nastawienie stosunek
disposition or state of mind
nastawienie
position of the body or way of carrying oneself

attorney /əˈtɜː(ɹ)ni/ n
adwokat prawnik
lawyer

attorney general n
prokurator generalny
major government officer

attorney-in-fact n
pełnomocnik plenipotent
US legal: ad hoc agent

attract /əˈtɹækt/ v
pociągać
cause sexual excitement

attraction /əˈtɹækʃən/ n
przywiązanie
feeling of being attracted
atrakcja
something which attracts
przyciąganie
tendency to attract

attractive /əˈtɹæktɪv/ adj
atrakcyjny
having the power of charming
pleasing or appealing to the senses
pociągający przyciągający
having the quality of attracting by inherent force

attribute /əˈtɹɪbjuːt/ /əˈtɹɪˌbjut/ /ˈætɹɪbjuːt/ /ˈætɹɪ̈ˌbjut/ n
atrybut własność właściwość
characteristic or quality

attribute /əˈtɹɪbjuːt/ /əˈtɹɪˌbjut/ /ˈætɹɪbjuːt/ /ˈætɹɪ̈ˌbjut/ v
przypisać
to associate ownership or authorship with

attributive /ə.ˈtɹɪ.bju.tɪv/ n
przydawka
a word or phrase that modifies a noun and is part of the noun's noun phrase

au contraire /oʊ ˌkɑnˈtɹɛ(ə)ɹ/ /əʊ ˈkɒntɹɛː(ɹ)/ adv
przeciwnie
on the contrary

au pair /əʊ ˈpɛə/ n
au pair
a single girl or boy staying as a guest with a host family

auberge n
oberża
auberge

aubergine /ˈoʊ.bɚ.ʒin/ /ˈəʊ.bə.ʒiːn/ n
bakłażanowy ciemnofioletowy
a dark purple colour

auction /ˈɒkʃən/ /ˈɔːkʃən/ n
aukcja licytacja
public sales event

audacity /ɔˈdæsɪti/ /ɔːˈdæsɪti/ n
śmiałość
insolent boldness

audience /ˈɔːdi.əns/ n
audiencja
formal meeting with a dignitary
publika widownia
group of people seeing a performance

audiobook n
audiobook książka mówiona
audiobook

audiology /ɔːdiˈɒləd͡ʒi/ n
audiologia
study of hearing and hearing defects

audiotape n
taśma magnetofonowa
magnetic tape that stores analog sound

audiovisual /ˌɑ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/ /ˌɔ.di.oʊˈvɪ.ʒu.əl/ /ˌɔː.di.əʊˈvɪ.zjʊ.əl/ adj
audiowizualny słuchowo-wzrokowy
audiovisual

audit /ɔː.dɪt/ n
audyt
independent review

auditorium /ɔː.dɪˈtɔː.ɹɪ.əm/ /ˌɔ.dəˈtɔ.ɹi.əm/ n
audytorium
a large room for public meetings or performances

auditory adj
słuchowy
of or pertaining to hearing

augend /ˈɔdʒɛnd/ n
dodajna
A quantity to which another is added

auger n
świder
carpenter's tool

augite n
augit
pyroxene mineral

augment /ɑɡˈmɛnt/ /ɔːɡˈmɛnt/ /ˈɑɡmənt/ /ˈɔːɡmənt/ n
augment
grammar: prefix indicating past tense of verb

augmentative adj
powiększający
growing, enlarging, increasing

augmentative n
zgrubienie
a form of word that expresses large size, intensity, or seniority

augur /ˈɑ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔː.ɡə/ n
wróżbita augur
diviner who foretells events by unusual occurrences

augur /ˈɑ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔ.ɡɚ/ /ˈɔː.ɡə/ v
przepowiadać wróżyć zapowiadać
to foretell events; to exhibit signs of future events

aunt /ant/ /eɪnt/ /ænt/ /ɑ(ː)nt/ /ɒnt/ /ɔnt/ n
ciocia
ciocia ciotka stryjenka wujenka
a parent’s sister or sister-in-law

auntie /ˈæn.ti/ n
ciocia
Diminutive of aunt

aura /ˈɔːɹə/ n
aura
An invisible force surrounding a living creature.
aura atmosfera
The distinctive atmosphere or quality associated with someone or something

aural /ˈɔːɹəl/ adj
słuchowy
of or pertaining to sound
uszny
of or pertaining to the ear

aureola n
aureola
luminous cloud

auricle /ɒɹəkəl/ /ɔːɹɪkəl/ n
uszko
an ear-shaped appendage of the left or right atrium of the heart

auricular adj
uszny
of or pertaining to the ear
słuchowy
of or pertaining to the sense of hearing

aurochs /ˈaʊɹɒks/ n
tur
Bos primigenius

aurora /əˈɹɔː.ɹə/ n
zorza polarna
atmospheric phenomenon

auscultation /ˌɔskəlˈteɪʃən/ /ˌɔːskəlˈteɪʃən/ n
osłuchiwanie
diagnosis by stethoscope or similar auditory device

austerity /ɔˈstɛɹɪti/ n
surowość niedostatek prostota
surowość
severity of manners or life

austral adj
południowy
Of, relating to, or coming from the south

authentically adv
autentycznie
in an authentic manner

authentication n
uwierzytelnianie
proof of the identity of a user logging on to some network

author /ˈɑ.θɚ/ /ˈɒː.təɹ/ /ˈɔ.θɚ/ /ˈɔː.θə/ n
autor autorka
originator or creator of a work

authoritarian /ɔːˌθɒrɪˈtɛːrɪən/ /əˌθɔrəˈtɛriən/ adj
autorytatywny
characterised by a tyrannical obedience to an authority; dictatorial

authoritarianism n
autorytaryzm
authoritarian form of government

authoritative /ɔːˈθɒɹɪˌteɪtɪv/ /əˈθɔɹɪˌteɪtɪv/ adj
miarodajny
accurate or definitive

authority /ɔːˈθɒɹəti/ /əˈθɔɹəti/ n
autorytet
person accepted as a source of reliable information on a subject
power to enforce rules or give orders
władza autorytet
persons in command; specifically, government

authorization n
autoryzacja upoważnienie
act of authorizing
umocowanie upoważnienie
formal sanction, permission or warrant

authorship n
autorstwo
quality or state of being an author

autism /ˈɔːtɪz.əm/ n
autyzm
neurological disorder

autistic /ɔːˈtɪs.tɪk/ adj
autystyczny
having or pertaining to autism

auto- /ˈɔː.təʊ/ prefix
auto-
regarding oneself
automatic
relating to cars or the driving of cars

autobiographical /ˌɑtoʊˌbaɪəˈɡɹæfəkəl/ /ˌɔː.təˌbaɪ.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk.əl/ adj
autobiograficzny
of or relating to person's life

autobiography n
autobiografia
biography of oneself

autoblock n
bloker
rappelling and ascending technique

autocephalous /ɔːtə(ʊ)ˈsɛfələs/ adj
autokefaliczny
a self-governing church

autochory n
autochoria samosiewność
self-dispersal of seeds

autochthon /ɔˈtɑkθ(ə)n/ /ɔːˈtɒkθ(ə)n/ n
autochton autochtonka
earliest inhabitant

autochthonous /ɑˈtɑkθənəs/ /ɔˈtɑkθənəs/ /ɔːˈtɒkθənəs/ adj
autochtoniczny autochtoński
native to the place where found

autoclave /ˈɔtəˌkleɪv/ n
autoklaw
sterilized heating vessel

autocracy n
autokracja
form of government

autodidact /ˌɔːtoʊˈdaɪdækt/ n
samouk
a self-taught person

autofellatio n
autofellatio
Oral stimulation of one's own penis

autograph n
autograf
signature

autological /ˌɑːtoʊˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/ /ˌɔː.təʊˈlɒ.dʒɪ.kəl/ adj
autologiczny
of a phrase, describing itself

automagical /ˈɑtoʊˈmædʒɪkəl/ adj
automagiczny
automatic, but with an apparent element of magic

automagically adv
automagicznie
automatically

automate /ˈɔtoʊˌmeɪt/ v
automatyzować
to replace or enhance human labor with machines

automated teller machine n
bankomat
banking

automatic /ˌɔtəˈmætɪk/ /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/ adj
odruchowy automatyczny
acting without conscious thought
automatyczny samoczynny
capable of operating without external control
automatyczny
describing a firearm which fires continuously

automation n
automatyzacja
converting the controlling of a machine to an automatic system

automatism /ɔːˈtɒmətɪzəm/ n
automatyzm
acting automatically

automobile /ˈɔ.tə.moʊ.ˌbil/ /ˈɔ.tə.mə.biːl/ n
samochód auto
passenger vehicle

automorphic number n
liczba automorficzna
number whose square ends in itself

automotive adj
motoryzacyjny
of, or relating to motor vehicles

autonomy /ɑˈtɑnəmi/ /ɔˈtɑnəmi/ /ɔːˈtɒnəmi/ n
autonomia
self-government

autophagy n
autofagia
the process of self-digestion

autopsy /ˈɔtɑpsi/ /ˈɔːtɒpsiː/ n
sekcja zwłok
a dissection performed on a cadaver

autotomy /ɔːˈtɒtəmi/ n
autotomia
invertebrate self-defense mechanism

autotrophic adj
samożywny

autotrophy n
samożywność
synthesis of food from inorganic substances

autumn /ˈɔtəm/ /ˈɔːtəm/ n
jesień
season

autumnal /ɔˈtʌmnəɫ/ /ɔːˈtʌmnəl/ adj
jesienny
of or relating to autumn

autumnal equinox n
równonoc jesienna
moment
point

auxiliary /ɑɡˈzɪljəɹi/ /ɔɡˈzɪljəɹi/ /ɔːkˈsɪljəɹi/ adj
rezerwowa rezerwowe rezerwowy
held in reserve for exceptional circumstances
pomocnicza pomocnicze pomocniczy
helping; giving assistance or support
posiłkowa posiłkowe posiłkowy
relating to an auxiliary verb

auxiliary verb n
czasownik posiłkowy
a helping verb

auxology n
auksologia
study of growth

available /əˈveɪləb(ə)l/ adj
wolny dostępny
capable of being used
dostępny
readily obtainable

avalanche /ˈævəlæntʃ/ /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/ n
lawina
large sliding mass of snow and ice
fall of earth, rocks, etc.

avant-garde /æˈvɑ̃t.ɡɑːd/ /ˌɑˌvɑntˈɡɑɹd/ adj
awangardowy
innovative, pioneering, especially when extremely or obviously so

avant-garde /æˈvɑ̃t.ɡɑːd/ /ˌɑˌvɑntˈɡɑɹd/ n
awangarda
group of people promoting new concepts
(obsolete) the vanguard of an army or other force

avarice /ˈævəɹəs/ /ˈævəɹɪs/ n
chciwość
excessive or inordinate desire of gain
inordinate desire for some supposed good

avaricious /ˌævəˈɹɪʃəs/ adj
chciwy skąpy
actuated by avarice

avatar /ˈæv.ə.tɑɹ/ /ˌæv.əˈtɑː/ n
awatar
A digital representation of a person or being
awatara awatar
The earthly incarnation of a deity, particularly Vishnu

avenge v
mścić się zemścić się
to take vengeance for
zemścić się
to treat revengefully

avenger n
mściciel mścicielka
one who avenges or vindicates; as, an avenger of blood

aventurine /əˈvɛnt͡ʃəɹɪn/ n
kamieniem tysiąca słońc szkło awenturynowe
kind of brownish glass containing gold-coloured spangles
awanturyn awenturyn kwarc awenturynowy
variety of translucent quartz

avenue /ˈæv.əˌnjuː/ /ˈæv.əˌnu/ n
aleja
broad street
podjazd
principal approach to a house withdrawn from the road

average /ˈævəɹɪd͡ʒ/ adj
średni
constituting or relating to the average
przeciętny
neither very good nor very bad
typical

average /ˈævəɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
średnia
arithmetic mean

averagely adv
przeciętnie
in an average manner

aversion /əˈvɜːʃn/ /əˈvɝʒn/ n
awersja niechęć
fixed dislike

avian /ˈeɪvi.ən/ adj
ptasi
of birds

aviary /ˈeɪvɪəɹi/ n
ptaszarnia
confinement for keeping birds

aviator n
lotnik awiator
aircraft pilot

avocado /ævəˈkɑːdəʊ/ /ɑvəˈkɑdoʊ/ n
awokado smaczliwka
fruit
tree

avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v
unikać uniknąć
to keep away from

avoid like the plague /əˈvɔɪd laɪk ðə ˈpleɪɡ/ v
bać się jak diabeł święconej wody
to evade or shun

avuncular /əˈvʌŋkjʊlə/ /əˈvʌŋkjʊlɚ/ adj
dobroduszny ojcowski
in the manner of an uncle

await /əˈwɛɪt/ v
oczekiwać
transitive: to expect
czekać oczekiwać
transitive: to wait for
transitive: to be in store for

awake /əˈweɪk/ adj
czujny przebudzony
conscious

awake /əˈweɪk/ v
obudzić się
to gain consciousness

awakening /əˈweɪ̯kənɪŋ/ n
budzenie budzenie się
the act of awaking

award /əˈwɔɹd/ /əˈwɔːd/ n
nagroda odznaczenie
trophy or medal

award /əˈwɔɹd/ /əˈwɔːd/ v
nagradzać nagrodzić
give an award/prize for merit

aware /əˈweːɹ/ /əˈwɛə/ /əˈwɛɚ/ adj
świadom świadomy
having knowledge of something

awareness /əˈwɛənəs/ /əˈwɛɹnəs/ n
świadomość
the state of consciousness
the state or quality of being aware of something

away /əˈweɪ/ adj
daleko z dala
not here; gone
na wyjeździe
traveling; on vacation
niedostępny
unavailable

away /əˈweɪ/ adv
precz stąd
from a place; hence

away with the fairies /əˈweɪ wɪð ðə ˈfɛəɹɪːz/ adj
w roztargniony sposób
lost in thought

awe /ɑ/ /ɔ/ /ɔː/ n
zachwyt
feeling of amazement
groza trwoga
feeling of fear and reverence

awesome /ˈɑs.əm/ /ˈɔs.əm/ /ˈɔːsəm/ adj
super
excellent, exciting

awkward /ˈɑkwɚd/ /ˈɔkwɚd/ /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj
nieprzyjemny
not easily managed or effected; embarrassing
nieśmiały
perverse; adverse; untoward

awl /ɑl/ /ɔl/ /ɔːl/ n
szydło
pointed instrument

awning /ˈɑnɪŋ/ /ˈɔnɪŋ/ /ˈɔːnɪŋ/ n
markiza
a rooflike cover

awry /əˈɹaɪ/ /ˈɔ.ɹaɪ/ adj
krzywy
turned or twisted toward one side
niewłaściwy
wrong or distorted; perverse, amiss

awry /əˈɹaɪ/ /ˈɔ.ɹaɪ/ adv
krzywo ukośnie
obliquely, crookedly; askew
niewłaściwie opacznie
perversely, improperly

axe /æks/ n
siekiera topór
tool
topór siekiera
weapon

axial /ˈæksi.əl/ adj
osiowy
belonging to the axis of the body
of or pertaining to an axis

axiom /ˈaks.ɪ.əm/ /ˈæks.i.əm/ n
pewnik aksjomat
established principle in art or science
aksjomat pewnik
mathematics: fundamental assumption
philosophy: supposed self‐evident or necessary truth

axiom of choice n
aksjomat wyboru pewnik wyboru
axiom that any product of non-empty sets is non-empty

axis /ˈæksəs/ /ˈæksɪs/ n
oś
basis of space or part of graph
geometry: imaginary line
obrotnik
second cervical vertebra

axis of evil n
oś zła
states sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction

axle /ˈæksəl/ n
oś
the pin or spindle on which a wheel revolves, or which revolves with a wheel
an axis

axolotl /ˈak.səˌlɒ.təl/ /ˈæk.səˌlɑ.təl/ n
aksolotl
endangered salamander

axon n
akson
a nerve fibre

ayatollah n
Ajatollah ajatollah
a religious leader

aye-aye /ˈaɪˌaɪ/ /ˈʌɪˌʌɪ/ n
palczakowate aj-aj
nocturnal quadruped

azalea /əˈzeɪliə/ n
azalia
plant

azimuth /ˈæzɪməθ/ n
azymut
arc of the horizon

azure /æˈzjʊə/ /ˈæʒ(j)ʊə/ /ˈæʒɚ/ adj
błękitny
heraldry: of blue colour on a coat of arms

azure /æˈzjʊə/ /ˈæʒ(j)ʊə/ /ˈæʒɚ/ n
błękit lazur
colour of the sky
the blue sky

azurite /ˈæʒ(j)ʊˌɹaɪt/ /ˈæʒ.əˌɹaɪt/ n
azuryt
blue, vitreous mineral

b. adj
ur.
born

baa [bæ] [bæ̰ː] [bɑː] interjection
bee
cry of sheep

baa [bæ] [bæ̰ː] [bɑː] n
beczenie
bleating of sheep

baa [bæ] [bæ̰ː] [bɑː] v
beczeć
to make the cry of sheep

baba n
baba
holy man, spiritual leader

babble /ˈbæb.l̩/ n
bełkot paplanie
idle talk
gaworzenie gwar
inarticulate speech
szmer
the sound of flowing water

babble /ˈbæb.l̩/ v
szemrać
to make a continuous murmuring noise
paplać
to talk much
gaworzyć
to utter words indistinctly

babka n
babka
coffee cake

baboon /bəˈbuːn/ /ˌbæˈbuːn/ n
pawian
primate

babushka /bəˈbuːʃ.kə/ n
chusta
woman’s headscarf tied under the chin

baby /ˈbeɪbi/ n
bejbe mała
form of address to a man or a woman considered to be attractive
dzieciuch maluch
immature or infantile person
kochanie skarb
term of endearment
niemowlę niemowlak maluch
very young human being

baby blue adj
jasno błękitny
pale blue color

baby bottle n
butelka
bottle with a teat

baby hatch n
okno życia
hatch for abandoned children

baby walker n
chodzik
baby walker

baccalaureate /bækəˈlɔːɹɪət/ n
bakalaureat
examination to enable higher education
qualification awarded after passing the baccalaureate exam

baccarat /ˈbækəɹæt/ /ˈbækəɹɑː/ n
bakarat
card game

bachelor /ˈbætʃ.ə.lə(ɹ)/ /ˈbætʃ.ə.lɚ/ n
kawalerka
(Canada) single room apartment
bakałarz licencjat
person who has achieved bachelor's degree
kawaler
unmarried man

bachelor party n
wieczór kawalerski
party

bachelorette /batʃələˈɹɛt/ /ˌbætʃləˈɹɛt/ n
panna
unmarried woman

bachelorette party n
wieczór panieński
bachelorette party

bacillus /bæˈsɪl.əs/ n
laseczka pałeczka
any bacteria in the genus Bacillus

back /bæk/ [bax] adv
z powrotem nazad
to or in a previous condition or place

back /bæk/ [bax] n
tył koniec
that which is farthest away from the front
the part of something that goes last
plecy grzbiet
the rear of body
the edge of a book which is bound
tył
the reverse side

back and forth adv
tam i nazad tam i z powrotem
from one place to another and back again

back door n
drzwi kuchenne
subsidiary entrance to building

back-formation n
derywacja wsteczna
linguistic process

backbone /ˈbækˌboʊn/ /ˈbækˌbəʊn/ n
trzon
any fundamental support, structure, or infrastructure
kręgosłup charakter
courage, fortitude, or strength
kręgosłup
series of vertebrae that encloses the spinal cord

backdrop /ˈbæk.dɹɒp/ n
kotara zasłona
a decorated cloth hung at the back of a stage

backgammon /ˈbæk.ɡæm.ən/ n
tryktrak
board game

background /ˈbæk.ɡɹaʊnd/ n
tapeta
computer background
dalszy plan drugi plan
less important feature
tło
part of picture
activity not visible to the user
kontekst tło
relevant information
doświadczenie tło
social heritage

backheel n
piętka zagranie piętą
soccer

backlash /ˈbækˌlæʃ/ n
luz
mechanical: distance of free movement between connected parts
sprzeciw
violent or abrubt reaction

backlit adj
podświetlana podświetlane podświetlany
illuminated from behind

backlog /ˈbæk.lɒɡ/ n
zapas
a reserve source or supply
zaległości
an accumulation or buildup

backlog /ˈbæk.lɒɡ/ v
zalegać
to acquire something as a backlog, or to become a backlog

backpack /ˈbæk.pæk/ n
plecak
worn on a person's back, e.g., for hiking

backslash /ˈbækˌslæʃ/ n
odwrotny ukośnik
punctuation mark

backstitch n
stębnówka ścieg stębnowy
backstitch

backstitch v
stębnować
to sew with a backstitch

backup /ˈbækˌʌp/ n
kopia bezpieczeństwa kopia zapasowa
copy of file or record

backward /ˈbæk.wə(ɹ)d/ /ˈbækwɚd/ adj
tył
in the direction reverse of normal
in the direction towards the back
archaiczny przestarzały
of an idea: outdated

backward /ˈbæk.wə(ɹ)d/ /ˈbækwɚd/ adv
do tyłu z powrotem
in the direction towards the back

backwater n
prowincja zaścianek
a remote place; somewhere that remains unaffected by new events, progresses, ideas, etc.

bacon /ˈbeɪ.kən/ n
boczek bekon
cut of meat

bacteria /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪ.ə/ /bækˈtɪɹ.i.ə/ n
bakterie
bacteria

bactericide /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪˌsaɪd/ n
bakteriobójcza bakteriobójczy
Any substance that kills bacteria

bacteriochlorophyll n
bakteriochlorofil
photosynthetic pigment

bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ n
bakteria
single celled organism with no nucleus or organelles

bad /bæd/ /bæːd/ /bɛd/ /bɛʔ/ adj
zły
evil, wicked
not appropriate, of manners etc.
not suitable or fitting
tricky; stressful; unpleasant
uszkodzony wadliwy
faulty; not functional
nieświeży zły
of breath: malodorous
zły kiepski
unfavorable; negative

bad luck n
pech
misfortune

bad trip n
zła podróż
psychedelic crisis

badass /ˈbædæs/ /ˈbædˌæs/ adj
hardkorowy kozacki okrutny srogi zajebisty zarąbisty
having an extreme appearance, etc., considered admirable

badass /ˈbædæs/ /ˈbædˌæs/ n
chojrak hardkor kozak sukinkot zabijaka
belligerent or mean person
hardkor kozak
person considered impressive

badge /bædʒ/ n
odznaka
distinctive mark

badger /ˈbædʒə/ /ˈbædʒɚ/ n
borsuk jaźwiec
mammal

badly /ˈbæd.li/ adv
źle
in a bad manner

badminton /ˈbæd.mɪn.tən/ n
badminton
a racquet sport

baffle /ˈbæfl̩/ v
wprawiać w zakłopotanie
to totally bewilder; confuse or perplex

baffled adj
zdumiony
thoroughly confused, puzzled

bag /ˈbeɪɡ/ /ˈbæɡ/ /ˈbæːɡ/ /ˈbɛɡ/ n
torba worek torebka
flexible container
babsztyl
ugly woman

bagel /ˈbeɪɡəl/ n
bajgiel bajgeł
toroidal bread roll that is boiled and then baked

bagpiper n
dudziarz
one who plays the bagpipes

bagpipes /ˈbæɡ.pɑɪps/ n
dudy
musical wind instrument

baguette /bæˈɡɛt/ n
bagietka
a variety of bread that is long and narrow in shape

baht /bɑːt/ n
bat
unit of currency

baiji n
baji chiński
freshwater dolphin

bail /beɪ̯l/ n
czerpak
bucket or scoop
kaucja
security

bailiwick /ˈbeɪ.lɪ.wɪk/ n
baliwat
precincts within which a bailiff has jurisdiction

bait /beɪt/ n
przynęta
substance used in catching fish

bake /beɪk/ v
piec
to cook in an oven
wypalać
to dry by heat

baker /ˈbeɪ.kə(ɹ)/ /ˈbeɪ.kɚ/ n
piekarz piekarka
person who bakes and sells bread, etc

bakery /ˈbeɪ.kə.ɹi/ n
piekarnia
a shop in which bread and such is baked and sold

baking powder n
proszek do pieczenia
dry leavening agent used in baking

baking soda n
soda oczyszczona
common name for sodium bicarbonate

baklava /ˈbæk.lə.və/ n
bakława
sweet pastry

baksheesh /bækˈʃiːʃ/ n
bakszysz
bribe or tip

balaclava /ˌbæl.əˈklɑː.və/ n
kominiarka
headgear

balalaika /bæləˈlaɪkə/ n
bałałajka bałabajka
Russian instrument

balance /ˈbæləns/ n
saldo
accounting: list of credits and debits
równowaga
equilibrium
waga
scales

balance beam n
balans
gymnastics: narrow wooden rail

balance sheet n
bilans
summary of assets, liabilities and equity

balance wheel n
balans
timepiece mechanism

balcony /ˈbælkəni/ n
balkon
structure extending from a building
structure overlooking a stage

bald /bɑld/ /bɔld/ /bɔːld/ adj
łysy
having no hair

bald cypress n
cypryśnik błotny
Taxodium distichum

bald spot n
łysina
area on the head which has little or no hair

baldie n
łysol
somebody who is bald

baldish adj
łysawy
somewhat bald

baldmoney /ˈbɔːldˌmʌni/ n
wszewłoga górska
Meum athamanticum

baldness n
łysienie
condition or state of being (or becoming) bald

baldrick n
pendent
broad belt

baleful /ˈbeɪl.fəl/ adj
złowieszczy
ominous

ball /bɑl/ /bɔːl/ n
kula
ballistics: a solid nonexplosive missile
mathematics: set of points in a metric space lying within a given distance of a given point
jaja
in plural - mildly vulgar slang - nonsense
in plural — slang — courage
piłka bal
object, generally spherical, used for playing games
kłębek motek
quantity of string, thread, etc., wound into a spherical shape
kula piłka
solid or hollow sphere
jajo jaja
testicle
bal piłka
formal dance

ball bearing n
łożysko kulkowe
bearing assembly with spherical balls

ball boy n
chłopiec do piłek
A male person responsible for retrieving balls

ball lightning n
piorun kulisty
a short-lived, glowing ball sometimes observed to float in the air

ballad /ˈbæləd/ n
ballada
narrative poem

ballast /ˈbæl.əst/ n
balast
heavy material placed in the hold of a vessel

ballerina /ˌbæləɹˈiːnə/ n
balerina
female ballet dancer

ballet /bælæe/ /bæˈleɪ/ /bɐleː/ /bɛlæe/ /ˈbæleɪ/ n
balet
form of dance
theatrical presentation

balletomane /bæˈlɛt.əˌmeɪn/ n
baletoman
a ballet enthusiast

ballista /bəˈlɪstə/ n
balista
crossbow-like military engine for hurling large missiles

ballistic /bəˈlɪs.tɪk/ adj
balistyczny
relating to ballistics

ballistic missile n
rakietowy pocisk balistyczny
missile

ballistics /bəˈlɪst.ɪks/ n
balistyka
science of the study of falling objects

balloon /bəˈluːn/ n
balon
inflatable and buoyant object
child’s toy
inflatable object to transport people through the air

ballpoint pen n
długopis pióro kulkowe
pen

ballroom n
sala balowa
large room used for dancing

balls /bɔːlz/ n
jaja
bravery
testicles

baloney /bəˈloʊni/ /bəˈləʊni/ n
nonsens
nonsense

balrog [ˈbɔːɫ.ɹɒɡ] n
balrog
fiery demonic creature

balsam /ˈbɔːlsəm/ n
niecierpek
flowering plant of the genus Impatiens
balsam
soothing ointment

baluster /ˈbæl.ʌ.stɹ/ n
balas tralka balaska
banister

balustrade /ˈbæl.ə.stɹeɪd/ /ˌbæl.əˈstɹeɪd/ n
balustrada
row of balusters

bamboo /bæmˈbu/ adj
bambus
made of bamboo

bamboo antshrike n
zebrzak czubaty
a passerine bird

ban /bæn/ n
zakaz
prohibition
ban
a subdivision of currency
title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe

ban /bæn/ v
zakazywać zakazać
forbid

banal /bəˈnæl/ /bəˈnɑːl/ /ˈbeɪnəl/ adj
banalny
common

banality /beɪˈnælɨti/ /bəˈnælɨti/ n
banalność
quality of being banal
banał
something which is banal

banally adv
banalnie
in a banal manner

banana /bəˈnænə/ /bəˈnɑːnə/ n
bananowy
colour
banan
fruit
bananowiec
plant

banana peel n
skórka od banana
outermost layer of the banana

banana republic n
republika bananowa
country

bananaquit n
cukrzyk
Coereba flaveola

band /bænd/ [beənd] n
pasmo
part of radio spectrum
grzbiet
strip along the spine of a book where the pages are attached
taśma
strip of material wrapped around things to hold them together
zespół muzyczny grupa muzyczna zespół
group of musicians
banda
group of people loosely united for a common purpose

band-aid /ˈbændeɪd/ n
plaster
adhesive bandage

bandage /ˈbændɪdʒ/ n
bandaż
medical binding

bandage /ˈbændɪdʒ/ v
bandażować
to apply a bandage to something

bandicoot /ˈbændiˌkut/ /ˈbændɪˌkuːt/ n
jamraj
small Australian marsupial with a long snout

bandit /ˈbændɪt/ n
bandyta rozbójnik
one who robs others

bandura /bænˈduɹə/ /bænˈdʊəɹə/ n
bandura
Ukrainian plucked stringed instrument

bandwagon /ˈbændˌwæɡ.ən/ n
platforma
Large wagon to carry a band

bandwidth /ˈbændwɪdθ/ n
szerokość pasma
width of a frequency band

bandy /ˈbændi/ adj
krzywonogi szpotawy
bowlegged

bandy /ˈbændi/ n
bandy
winter sport played on ice

baneberry n
czerniec
plant

baneful adj
zgubny
Exceedingly harmful

bang /bæŋ(ɡ)/ n
huk trzask łoskot
A sudden percussive noise
wybuch
An explosion
wykrzyknik
The symbol !

bangs /bæŋz/ n
grzywka
hair that hangs down over the forehead

banish /ˈbænɪʃ/ v
wyganiać wygnać wygonić wypędzać wypędzić
to send someone away and forbid that person from returning

banjo /ˈbæn.dʒoʊ/ /ˈbæn.dʒəʊ/ n
banjo
a musical instrument

bank /bæŋk/ n
bank
branch office
institution
storage for important goods
brzeg
edge of river or lake

bank account n
rachunek bankowy
fund deposited by a customer for safekeeping in a bank

bank statement n
wyciąg bankowy
statement of transactions and balances

banker /ˈbæŋkə(ɹ)/ /ˈbæŋkɚ/ n
bankier
one who conducts the business of banking

banknote n
banknot
paper currency

bankrupt /ˈbæŋ.kɹəpt/ /ˈbæŋk.ɹəpt/ adj
zbankrutowany
having been legally declared insolvent

bankruptcy /ˈbæŋkɹʌptsɪ/ n
bankructwo
legally declared or recognised condition of insolvency

bankster /ˈbæŋkstə/ n
bankster

banner /ˈbænə/ /ˈbænɚ/ adj
znakomity
exceptional; very good

banner /ˈbænə/ /ˈbænɚ/ n
sztandar flaga
flag
sztandar transparent
large piece of cloth with a slogan or emblem carried in a demonstration or other procession
transparent
large sign

banquet /ˈbæŋkwɪt/ n
bankiet
a large celebratory meal; a feast

banshee /bænˈʃiː/ n
szyszymora
in Irish folklore, a female spirit

bantamweight n
waga kogucia
weight in sports

banter /ˈbæntə/ /ˈbæntɚ/ n
przekomarzanie się
good humoured conversation

banter /ˈbæntə/ /ˈbæntɚ/ v
przekomarzać się
to engage in banter
to tease mildly

banya /ˈbɑːnjə/ n
bania łaźnia
a Russian steam bath

banyan /ˈbæn.jən/ n
banian figowiec bengalski
tropical Indian fig tree

baobab /ˈbeɪoʊˌbæb/ /ˈbeɪəʊbab/ n
baobab
Adansonia digitata

baptism /ˈbæptɪzəm/ n
chrzest
Christian sacrament

baptismal font n
chrzcielnica
a basin used for baptism

baptismal name n
imię chrzcielne
name given at christening

baptistry n
baptysterium
space where a baptismal font is located

baptize v
chrzcić
To perform the Christian sacrament of baptism

bar /bɑɹ/ /bɑː/ n
bar knajpa gospoda piwiarnia
business licensed to sell intoxicating beverages
bar
counter of such a premises
closet containing alcoholic beverages in a private house or a hotel room
szlaban
rail bar at level crossing

bar mitzvah /ˌbɑː(ɹ)ˈmɪts.və/ n
bar micwa
Jewish coming of age ceremony for boys

bar-crested antshrike n
chronka pasiasta
a passerine bird of the antbird family

bar-tailed godwit n
szlamnik szlamnik rdzawy
bar-tailed godwit

barbarian /bɑɹ.ˈbɛəɹ.i.ən/ /bɑː(ɹ).ˈbɛə.ɹi.ən/ adj
barbarzyński
uncivilized

barbarian /bɑɹ.ˈbɛəɹ.i.ən/ /bɑː(ɹ).ˈbɛə.ɹi.ən/ n
barbarzyńca
derogatory term for someone from a developing country
uncivilized person

barbarity /bɑː(ɹ)ˈbæɹɪti/ n
barbarzyństwo
state of being barbarous

barbecue /ˈbɑɹbɪˌkju/ /ˈbɑːbɪˌkjuː/ n
grill ruszt
cooking instrument
grill grillowanie
meal

barbecue /ˈbɑɹbɪˌkju/ /ˈbɑːbɪˌkjuː/ v
grillować
to cook food on a barbecue

barbecue sauce /ˈbɑːbɪkjuː sɔːs/ /ˈbɑːɹbəkjuː sɑːs/ n
sos barbecue
type of sauce

barbed wire n
drut kolczasty
twisted strands of steel wire

barbel /ˈbɑːbəl/ n
brzana
fish

barbell n
sztanga
wide steel bar with premeasured weights

barber /ˈbɑɹ.bɚ/ /ˈbɑː.bə/ n
fryzjer balwierz golarz fryzjerka
person whose profession is cutting (usually male) customers' hair and beards

barber surgeon n
cyrulik
medical practitioner

barberry /ˈbɑɹbɛɹi/ n
berberys
Berberis

barbershop n
zakład fryzjerski
barber's shop

barbican /ˈbɑː(ɹ)bɪkən/ n
barbakan
A tower at the entrance to a castle or fortified town

barbiturate /ˌbɑɹˈbɪtʃu.ɪt/ /ˌbɑː(ɹ)ˈbɪtʃəɹɪt/ n
barbituran
derivative of barbituric acid that acts as a depressant of the central nervous system

barcarole /ˈbɑɹkəˌɹoʊl/ /ˈbɑːkəɹəʊl/ n
barkarola
Venetian folk song

barchan /bɑːˈkɑːn/ n
barchan
arc-shaped sand ridge

barcode /ˈbɑː(ɹ)kəʊd/ n
kod kreskowy kod paskowy
set of machine-readable parallel bars

bard /bɑːd/ [bɑɹd] n
bard poeta poetka
professional poet and singer

bardiche /ˈbɑː(ɹ)diːʃ/ n
berdysz
weapon

bardo /ˈbɑɹdoʊ/ /ˈbɑːdəʊ/ n
bardo
state of existence between death and subsequent reincarnation

bareback /ˈbɛəbæk/ adv
na oklep
without a saddle

barefoot /ˈbɛəfʊt/ /ˈbɛɹfʊt/ adj
bosy
wearing nothing on the feet

barefoot /ˈbɛəfʊt/ /ˈbɛɹfʊt/ adv
boso
wearing nothing on the feet

barely /ˈbɛə(ɹ).li/ /ˈbɛɹ.li/ adv
ledwie ledwo
almost not at all
ledwo ledwie
by a small margin

barfly /bɑɹflaɪ/ /bɑːflaɪ/ n
bywalec barów ćma barowa
person who spends much time in a bar

barge /bɑɹdʒ/ /bɑːdʒ/ n
szalupa
One of the boats of a warship having fourteen oars
barka
coastal trading vessel
tratwa
flat-bottomed bulk carrier mainly for inland waters

barista /baˈɹista/ /bəˈɹiːstə/ /bəˈɹɪstə/ n
barista baristka
person who prepares coffee in a coffee shop for customers

barium /ˈbɛəɹɪəm/ n
bar
chemical element

bark /bɑɹk/ /bɑːk/ n
szczekanie
short, loud, explosive utterance
kora
exterior covering of a tree

bark /bɑɹk/ /bɑːk/ v
szczekać
to make a loud noise (dogs)

bark beetle n
kornik
beetle of Scolytinae

barking dogs seldom bite proverb
krowa, która dużo ryczy, mało mleka daje pies, co bardzo szczeka, nie bardzo kąsa
people who make threats rarely carry them out

barley /ˈbɑɹli/ /ˈbɑːli/ n
jęczmień
Hordeum vulgare or its grains

barmaid /ˈbɑː(ɹ)meɪd/ n
barmanka
woman who serves in a bar

barn /bɑɹn/ [baːn] [bɐːn] [bɑɹn] [bɑːn] [bɒən] n
stodoła
building
barn
unit

barn owl /ˈbɑːn ˌaʊl/ n
płomykówka
Tyto alba

barn swallow n
jaskółka dymówka
species of swallow

barnacle /ˈbɑɹnəkl̩/ /ˈbɑːnəkl̩/ n
pąkla wąsonóg
marine crustacean

barometer /bəˈɹɑməɾɚ/ /bəˈɹɒmətə(ɹ)/ n
barometr
an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure

baronet /bæɹə.ˈnɛt/ n
baronet
hereditary title

barquentine n
barkentyna
sailing vessel

barrack /ˈbæ.ɹək/ n
koszary
a building for soldiers
barak
simple, low structure

barrel /ˈbæɹəl/ n
lufa
metallic tube of a gun
beczka baryłka
round vessel made from staves bound with a hoop

barrel organ n
katarynka
pipe instrument with air controlled pins in a revolving barrel

barren /ˈbæɹən/ adj
bezpłodny jałowy
infertile
bezpłodny niepłodny
unable to bear children; sterile
jałowy
unproductive

barren /ˈbæɹən/ n
pustkowie
area of low fertility and habitation, a desolate place

barricade /ˌbæɹɪˈkeɪd/ n
barykada
a barrier constructed across a road, especially as a military defence

barrister /ˈbæ.ɹɪst.ə(ɹ)/ n
adwokat
lawyer with the right to speak as an advocate in higher lawcourts

barrow /ˈbæɹ.əʊ/ /ˈbæɹoʊ/ n
kopiec kurhan
mound of earth and stones raised over a grave
taczka taczki
small vehicle used to carry a load and pulled or pushed by hand
kastrowany wieprz
castrated boar

bars /ˈbɑː(ɹ)z/ n
krata
grating, grill, grid

bartender /ˈbɑɹˌtɛndɚ/ /ˈbɑːˌtɛndə(ɹ)/ n
barman barmanka
person who works in a bar

baryon /ˈbæɹɪɒn/ n
barion
heavy subatomic particle

basalt /bəˈsɑlt/ /ˈbæsɒlt/ n
bazalt
hard rock

bascule bridge n
most zwodzony
type of movable bridge

base /beɪs/ n
zasada
chemical compound that will neutralize an acid
baseball: one of the three places that a runner can stand in safety
geometry: lowest side or face
podstawa
math: number raised to the power of an exponent
baza zasada
permanent structure for housing military
electronics: controlling terminal of a transistor
baza podstawa fundament
something from which other things extend

baseball /ˈbeɪs.bɔl/ /ˈbeɪs.bɔːl/ n
baseball bejsbol
ball game

baseball cap /ˈbeɪs.bɔl ˌkæp/ /ˈbeɪs.bɔːl ˌkæp/ n
bejsbolówka
cap

baseball player n
baseballista bejsbolista
a person who plays baseball

baseboard n
cokolik
similar panel at the base of piece of furniture

basement /ˈbeɪsmənt/ n
piwnica
floor below ground level

basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj
zasadowy
chemistry: of a base
podstawowy fundamentalny
elementary, simple, merely functional

basidium /bəˈsɪdɪəm/ n
podstawka
small club shaped structure

basil /ˈbeɪz.əl/ /ˈbæz.əl/ n
bazylia
herb
plant

basilica /bəˈsɪlɪkə/ n
bazylika
Christian church building having a nave

basilisk /ˈbæs.ɪ.lɪsk/ n
bazyliszek
snake-like dragon type

basin /ˈbeɪsɪn/ n
basen
area of land that drains into a common outlet
umywalka
wide bowl for washing

basis /ˈbeɪsɪs/ n
podstawa
starting point for an argument

basket /ˈbaːskət/ /ˈbæskɪt/ /ˈbɑːskɪt/ n
kosz
basketball: hoop from which a net is suspended
basketball: act of putting the ball through the basket
kosz koszyk
container
koszyk
notional place to store items before ordering them online

basketball /ˈbæs.kɪt.bɔːl/ /ˈbɑːs.kɪt.bɔːl/ n
piłka do koszykówki koszykówka
the ball used in the sport
koszykówka
the sport

basketball player n
koszykarka koszykarz
person who plays basketball

basketmaker n
koszykarka koszykarz
person who weaves baskets

basking shark n
długoszpar
Cetorhinus maximus

bass /beɪs/ adj
basowy
low in pitch

bass /beɪs/ n
klucz basowy
clef sign
bas
low spectrum of sound
musical instrument

bass /beɪs/ /bæs/ n
okoń
perch

bass clarinet n
klarnet basowy
bass instrument in the clarinet family

bass clef /ˈbeɪsklɛf/ n
klucz basowy
music symbol

bass guitar /ˈbeɪsɡɪˈtɑːɹ/ n
gitara basowa
stringed musical instrument

basset horn n
rożek basetowy
alto instrument of the clarinet family

bassist /ˈbeɪs.ɪst/ n
basista basistka
musician

bassline /ˈbeɪsˌlaɪn/ n
bassline linia basowa

bassoon /bəˈsun/ /bəˈsuːn/ n
fagot
musical instrument in the woodwind family

bassoonist n
fagocista fagocistka
person who plays the bassoon

basswood /ˈbæswʊd/ n
lipa
linden

bast /bæst/ n
łyko
fibre made from the phloem of certain plants

bastard /ˈbæs.tɚd/ /ˈbɑːs.təd/ n
skurwiel skurwysyn sukinsyn bydlak bydlę cham
contemptible etc. person
bękart bastard
person born to unmarried parents

bat /bæt/ n
nietoperz
small flying mammal
kij
club used for striking the ball in sports

bat mitzvah n
bat micwa
Jewish coming of age ceremony for a girl

bat-eared fox n
otocjon
Otocyon megalotis

batch /bæt͡ʃ/ n
stos
computing
wsad
quantity of anything produced in one operation

bath /bæθ/ /bɐːθ/ /bɑːθ/ [baθ⁓bæθ] [bæθ⁓bɛəθ⁓beəθ] [bɑːt̪ʰ] [bɑːθ] n
kąpiel
act of bathing
łazienka
room
wanna
tub

bath /bæθ/ /bɐːθ/ /bɑːθ/ [baθ⁓bæθ] [bæθ⁓bɛəθ⁓beəθ] [bɑːt̪ʰ] [bɑːθ] v
kąpać wykąpać
To wash a person or animal in a bath

bath mat n
mata łazienkowa
mat used next to a bathtub

bathe /beɪð/ v
kąpać
to clean oneself
to clean a person by immersion in water
to cover or surround

bathhouse n
przebieralnia szatnia
a building where swimmers change clothes
łaźnia
a building with baths for communal use

bathrobe /ˈbæθɹoʊb/ /ˈbɑːθɹəʊb/ n
szlafrok podomka
terrycloth robe

bathroom /ˈbæθ.ɹuːm/ /ˈbæθɹum/ /ˈbɑːθ.ɹuːm/ n
łazienka
a room with a bathtub

bathtub /ˈbæθtʌb/ /ˈbɑːθtʌb/ n
wanna
large container in which a person may bathe

bathyscaphe /ˈbæθɪˌskeɪv/ n
batyskaf
self-propelled deep-sea submersible

batik /bəˈtʰiːk/ n
batik
A method of dyeing fabric

batman /ˈbætmən/ n
ordynans
servant to an army officer

baton /bəˈtɑn/ /ˈbætɒn/ n
pałka
military staff of office
club of the police
batuta
music: conductor's stick
pałeczka
sports: object transferred by relay runners

batten /ˈbætən/ n
listwa
nautical: long strip that keeps a sail flat
thin strip of wood used in construction

batter /ˈbætə(ɹ)/ /ˈbætəɹ/ n
ciasto
beaten mixture of flour and liquid
pałkarz
player attempting to hit the ball

battering ram n
taran
type of siege engine used to smash gates and walls

battery /ˈbætəɹi/ n
bateria akumulator
device storing electricity

battle /ˈbætl̩/ /ˈbætəl/ n
batalion
(obsolete) a division of an army; a battalion
bitwa walka batalia bój
general action, fight, or encounter; a combat
walka
struggle; a contest; as, the battle of life

battle cry n
okrzyk bojowy
something the troops yell out when going to war or battle

battle-cruiser n
krążownik liniowy
type of warship

battlefield n
pole bitwy
field of a land battle

battlement [ˈbætəɫmənt] n
blanki
indented parapet formed by a series of rising members

battleship n
okręty
guessing game
pancernik
warship

battue /bæˈtu/ /bəˈt(j)uː/ n
nagonka
form of hunting

bauble /ˈbɑbəl/ /ˈbɔbəl/ [ˈbɒbəɫ] [ˈbɔːbəɫ] n
bańka bombka
small shiny spherical decoration, commonly put on Christmas trees

baud /bɔːd/ n
bod
A rate defined as the number of signalling events per second

bauxite /ˈbɔːksaɪt/ n
boksyt
ore

bawdy /ˈbɔdi/ /ˈbɔːdi/ adj
obleśny sprośny
obscene

bay /beɪ/ adj
gniady
of reddish-brown color

bay /beɪ/ n
zatoka
body of water
luk
compartment
luka nisza
distance between two supports in a vault
maść gniada
brown colour/color
gniadosz gniady
reddish-brown horse

bay leaf n
liść laurowy
herb

bay window n
wykusz
type of window

bayan n
bajan
a Russian accordion

bayonet /ˈbeɪə(ʊ)nɨt/ /ˌbeɪəˈnɛt/ n
bagnet
weapon

bazaar /bəˈzaː/ /bəˈzɑɹ/ /bəˈzɑː(ɹ)/ n
bazar rynek
marketplace

bcc n
UDW
blind carbon copy

be /bi/ /biː/ v
mieć być
have a certain age
być
occupy a place
used to connect a noun to an adjective that describes it
used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase
elliptical form of "be here", or similar
exist
occur, take place
used to indicate that the subject plays the role of the predicate nominal
used to indicate weather, air quality, or the like
used to form the continuous forms of various tenses
(archaic) used to form the perfect aspect with certain intransitive verbs
być zostać
used to form the passive voice
być to
used to indicate that the subject and object are the same
być równać się
used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same
mieć
used to link a subject to a count or measurement

be able to v
móc być w stanie umieć
have ability to

be all ears v
zamieniać się w słuch
to listen carefully or eagerly; to anticipate

be ashamed v
wstydzić
feel ashamed

be bored v
nudzić
suffer from boredom

be born v
urodzić się rodzić się
to come into existence through birth

be born yesterday v
spaść z księżyca
to be inexperienced

be called v
nazywać nazywać się
to have a specific name

be late v
spóźniać się spóźnić się
arrive late

be prepared phraseologicalUnit
bądź gotów czuwaj
motto

be right v
mieć rację mieć słuszność
be correct in one's judgement or statement about something

be right back phraseologicalUnit
zaraz wracam
indicate speaker will return in a moment

be sick v
chorować niedomagać
to be ill

be silent v
milczeć
refrain from speaking

be wrong v
być w błędzie mylić się
have an incorrect belief, be mistaken

beach /bit͡ʃ/ /biːt͡ʃ/ n
plaża
sandy shore

beach volleyball n
siatkówka plażowa
sport

bead /biːd/ n
koralik paciorek
pierced small round object
rosary ball
kropla
small drop of liquid

beak /biːk/ n
dziób
structure projecting from a bird's face

beaker /ˈbiːkə(ɹ)/ /ˈbiːkɚ/ n
kubek
drinking vessel without a handle
mug
zlewka
flat-bottomed vessel

beam /biːm/ n
belka
large piece of timber or iron
principal horizontal beam in a building
connector of notes
promień
ray

bean /biːn/ n
fasola
seed

bear /bɑɹ/ /bɛə(ɹ)/ /bɛəɹ/ n
niedźwiedź
large hairy man
niedźwiedź miś niedźwiedzica
large mammal of family Ursidae

bear /bɑɹ/ /bɛə(ɹ)/ /bɛəɹ/ v
nosić
to be equipped with
to carry
zeznawać
to declare as testimony
cierpieć znosić znieść
to put up with

bear cub n
niedźwiadek
young bear

bearable /ˈbɛəɹəbəɫ/ adj
znośny do wytrzymania
able to be borne

bearberry /ˈbɛəb(ə)ɹi/ n
mącznica
the genus Arctostaphylos

beard /bɪəd/ /bɪɹd/ n
broda
facial hair

bearded /ˈbɪədɪd/ /ˈbɪɹdəd/ adj
brodaty
having a beard

bearded tit n
wąsatka
Panurus biarmicus

beardless adj
gołobrody
not having reached manhood
bez brody bez zarostu ogolony
without a beard

bearer bond n
obligacja na okaziciela
negotiable instrument

bearing /ˈbɛə̯ɹɪŋ/ /ˈbɛɹɪŋ/ n
łożysko
mechanical device

beast /biːst/ n
bestia zwierzę
non-human animal
bestia bydlak bydlę
violent/antisocial person

beast of burden n
zwierzę juczne
animal that carries or pulls a load

beat /biːt/ n
rytm
rhythm

beat /biːt/ v
bić pobić uderzać uderzyć
to hit, to knock, to pound, to strike

beat around the bush v
owijać w bawełnę
to delay or avoid talking about something difficult or unpleasant

beater /ˈbitɚ/ /ˈbiːtə/ n
naganiacz
person who drives game towards the shooters

beatification /biˌætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
beatyfikacja
the act of beatifying

beatify /biːˈætɪfaɪ/ v
beatyfikować
to take step in declaring a person a saint

beating /ˈbiːtɪŋ/ n
bicie uderzanie wpierdol
action of the verb to beat

beau /boʊ/ /bəʊ/ n
dandys
dandy

beautician /bjuːˈtɪʃən/ n
kosmetyczka kosmetyk
one who does hair styling, manicures, and other beauty treatments

beautiful /ˈbjuːtɪfəl/ adj
piękny
possessing charm and attractive

beautifully /ˈbjuːtɪf(ə)li/ adv
pięknie uroczo urodziwie ładnie ślicznie
In a beautiful manner

beauty /ˈbjuɾi/ /ˈbjuːti/ /ˈbuːti/ n
piękność krasawica laska
beautiful female
piękno uroda
quality of pleasing appearance
piękność
something particularly good or pleasing

beauty is in the eye of the beholder /ˈbjuːti ɪz ɪn ðiː aɪ əv ðiː bɪˈhəʊldə/ proverb
nie to ładne, co ładne, ale to co się komu podoba
people have different ideas of what is beautiful

beauty is only skin deep proverb
pozory mylą
a person's character is more important than their outward appearance

beauty parlor n
salon urody
salon with hairdressers and beauticians

beaver /ˈbivɚ/ /ˈbiːvə/ n
bóbr
semiaquatic rodent
coarse slang: pubic hair/vulva of a woman

because /biˈkɔz/ /bɪkəz/ /bɪˈkɒz/ /bɪˈkɔːz/ adv
bo dlatego że gdyż ponieważ abociem albowiem
on account

because /biˈkɔz/ /bɪkəz/ /bɪˈkɒz/ /bɪˈkɔːz/ conjunction
bo gdyż ponieważ dlatego że albowiem abociem
by or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that

because of preposition
z powodu
on account of, by reason of, for the purpose of

become /bəˈkʌm/ /bɪˈkʊm/ /bɪˈkʌm/ v
zostać zostawać
to begin to be

becquerel [bɛkəˈɹɛɫ] n
bekerel
unit of radioactive activity

bed /bed/ /bɛd/ /bɛːd/ n
grzęda
garden plot
łóżko
piece of furniture
prepared spot to spend the night in
powierzchnia ładunkowa
platform of a vehicle that supports the load
koryto łóżko
the bottom of a lake or other body of water

bed and breakfast n
pokój ze śniadaniem
guesthouse providing breakfast

bedbug n
pluskwa
small nocturnal insect

beddable adj
seksowny
sexually attractive

bedeck /bɪˈdɛk/ v
okrasić ozdobić stroić zdobić
deck, ornament, adorn

bedlinen n
pościel
cloth items used to make up a bed

bedouin /ˈbɛd.wɪn/ n
beduin
desert-dweller

bedrock n
fundament
basis or foundation
skała macierzysta
underground solid rock

bedroom /ˈbɛdˌɹum/ n
sypialnia szlafsztuba
room in a house where a bed is kept for sleeping

bedsheet /bɛdˈʃiːt/ n
prześcieradło
a sheet, a piece of cloth cut and finished as bedlinen

bedtime story /ˈbɛdtaɪm ˈstɔːɹi/ n
bajka na dobranoc
story read to children before they sleep

bee /ˈbiː/ n
pszczoła
insect
spotkanie
gathering
be
name of the letter B, b

bee fly n
bjanka
bee fly

bee-eater /ˈbiː iːtəɹ/ n
żołna
bird in the family Meropidae

beebread /ˈbiːˌbɹɛd/ n
pierzga
bee pollen with added honey and bee secretions

beech /biːt͡ʃ/ n
buk
tree of genus Fagus

beechnut /ˈbiːtʃˌnʌt/ n
bukiew
nut of the beech tree

beef /bif/ /biːf/ n
wołowina
meat

beefsteak /ˈbiːfsteɪk/ n
befsztyk
steak

beehive /ˈbiːhaɪv/ n
ul
home of bees
man-made structure in which bees are kept for their honey

beekeeper /ˈbiˌkipɚ/ n
pszczelarz pszczelarka pasiecznik
someone who keeps bees

beekeeping n
pszczelarstwo
raising bees

beer /bɛə/ /bɪə(ɹ)/ /bɪə/ /bɪɹ/ n
piwo
alcoholic drink made of malt
glass of beer

beer belly n
brzuszek piwny brzuszysko kałdun
protruding abdomen

beer mat n
podstawka
mat, often with an advertisement for a brewery on it, to rest one's glass

beer muscles n
mięsień piwny
protruding stomach

beer parlour n
piwiarnia
a bar, selling beers, that has tables

beeswax /ˈbizwæks/ n
wosk pszczeli
wax secreted by bees

beet /biːt/ n
burak
Beta vulgaris

beetle /ˈbiːtəl/ [ˈbiɾəɫ] n
chrząszcz żuk
insect

beetroot /ˈbitɹut/ /ˈbiːtɹuːt/ n
burak burak ćwikłowy
normally deep red coloured root vegetable

before /bəˈfɔɹ/ /bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/ /bɪˈfoə/ /bɪˈfɔː/ preposition
przed
earlier than
in front of according to an ordering system
in front of in space

beforehand /bɪˈfo(ː)ɹhænd/ /bɪˈfoəhænd/ /bɪˈfɔɹhænd/ /bɪˈfɔːhænd/ adv
uprzednio wcześniej z góry zawczasu
at an earlier time

beg /bɛɡ/ v
błagać prosić
to plead with someone for help
żebrać
to request the help of someone, often in the form of money

beget /biˈɡɛt/ v
spowodować
to cause, to produce

beggar /ˈbɛɡə/ /ˈbɛɡɚ/ n
biedak
person suffering poverty
żebrak
person who begs

beggar-ticks n
uczep
Bidens

beggars can't be choosers proverb
na bezrybiu i rak ryba jak się nie ma co się lubi to się lubi co się ma jak się nie ma co się lubi, to się lubi co się ma lepszy rydz niż nic lepszy wróbel w garści niż gołąb na dachu lepszy wróbel w ręku niż cietrzew na sęku
when resources are limited, one must accept even substandard gifts

beggary /ˈbɛɡəɹi/ n
żebractwo żebranie żebranina żebry
The fact or action of begging

begin /bɪˈɡɪn/ v
zaczynać zacząć zaczynać się zacząć się
to start, to initiate or take the first step into something.

beginner /bəˈɡɪnɚ/ /bɪˈɡɪnə/ n
początkujący
someone who just recently started

beginning /bɪˈɡɪn.ɪŋ/ n
początek
act of doing that which begins anything
that which begins or originates something
initial portion of some extended thing

begonia /ˈbəɡoʊni.ə/ /ˈbəɡəʊniː.ə/ n
begonia
plants of the genus Begonia

beguine /beɪˈɡiːn/ /bə.ˈɡiːn/ n
beguine
ballroom dance

behave /bɪˈheɪv/ v
postąpić postępować zachować się zachowywać się
to act in a specific manner

behavior [bɪˈheɪvjə] [bɪˈheɪvjɚ] n
zachowanie behawior
way an animal or human behaves or acts
zachowanie maniery postępowanie
way matter or systems behave

behaviorism n
behawioryzm
approach to psychology focusing on behavior

behead v
ściąć głowę
to remove the head

beheading n
ścięcie kęsim
an instance of beheading

behind /bɪˈhaɪnd/ /ˈbiːˌhaɪnd/ n
dupa zad
buttocks
tył zad
rear, back-end

behind /bɪˈhaɪnd/ /ˈbiːˌhaɪnd/ preposition
po za
after, time- or motion-wise
za
at the back of
responsible for
(być) za za
in support of
z tyłu za
to the back of

behind bars
za kratkami
in jail or prison

behind closed doors
za zamkniętymi drzwiami
in private

behind the scenes /bɪˈhaɪnd ðə siːnz/
za kulisami
in secret; out of public view

beige /ˈbeɪʒ/ adj
beżowy beż
having a slightly yellowish gray colour

beige /ˈbeɪʒ/ n
beżowy
colour

being /ˈbiɪŋ/ /ˈbiːɪŋ/ n
istota stwór
a living creature
bycie istnienie
the state or fact of existence

bejel n
franca francowata choroba francuska choroba kiła
Endemic syphilis

belated adj
opóźniony
later in relation to the proper time

belch /ˈbɛltʃ/ v
bekać beknąć
expel gas from the stomach through the mouth

belfry /ˈbɛlfɹi/ n
dzwonnica
tower or steeple specifically for containing bells, especially as part of a church

belief /bɪˈliːf/ n
przekonanie wiara
mental acceptance of a claim as truth
something believed
wiara wierzenie
religious faith
religious or moral convictions
wiara
the quality or state of believing
a wishing of case or circumstance to be true

belief system n
system wierzeń
system of beliefs

believe /bɪˈliv/ /bɪˈliːv/ v
wierzyć
to accept that someone is telling the truth (object: person)
to have religious faith; to believe in a greater truth
to accept as true
przypuszczać sądzić
to consider likely

believer n
wierny wierzący wyznawca wyznawczyni
person who believes

belittle /bɨˈlɪt.əl/ v
pomniejszać umniejszać bagatelizować lekceważyć zmniejszać
to knowingly say that something is smaller or less important than it actually is

bell /bɛl/ n
dzwonek
informal: telephone call
signal at a school
dzwon dzwonek
percussive instrument
czara
the flared end of a brass or woodwind instrument

bell curve n
krzywa dzwonowa
bell shaped curve typical of the normal distribution

bell the cat v
narazić się
to undertake a dangerous action in the service of a group

bell tower n
dzwonnica
tower in which a bell (or set of bells) is hung; a belfry

bell-gable n
dzwonnica parawanowa
an architectural element

belle /bɛl/ n
piękność
beautiful woman

belles-lettres /ˌbɛlˈlɛtɹ/ n
literatura piękna beletrystyka
light literary compositions valued for their aesthetic properties

bellflower n
dzwonek
plant of genus Campanula

belligerence n
wojowniczość
state of being belligerent

belligerent /bəˈlɪdʒ.(ə).ɹənt/ /bəˈlɪdʒ.ə.ɹənt/ adj
wojowniczy
eager to go to war
walczący
engaged in warfare
napastliwy
hostile, eager to fight
wojenny
of or pertaining to war

belligerent /bəˈlɪdʒ.(ə).ɹənt/ /bəˈlɪdʒ.ə.ɹənt/ n
strona konfliktu
state or other armed participant in warfare

bellows /ˈbɛl.oʊz/ /ˈbɛl.əʊz/ n
miech
air blower

bells and whistles n
wodotryski
extra features added for show rather than function

belly /bɛli/ n
brzuch
abdomen

belly dance n
taniec brzucha
form of dance

belong /bɪˈlɑŋ/ /bɪˈlɒŋ/ /bɪˈlɔŋ/ v
należeć
be the property of
be part of a group

belongings n
dobytek
plural form of belonging

beloved /bɪˈlʌvd/ /bɪˈlʌvɪd/ adj
ukochany umiłowany
loved

beloved /bɪˈlʌvd/ /bɪˈlʌvɪd/ n
ukochana ukochany
someone who is loved

below /bəˈloʊ/ /bɪˈləʊ/ preposition
pod poniżej
lower in spatial position than

belt /bɛlt/ n
pas pasek
band worn around the waist
band used for safety purposes
geographical region

belt loop n
szlufka
loop of pants holding belt

beluga /bəˈluː.ɡə/ n
białucha
cetacean, Delphinapterus leucas
bieługa
fish, Huso huso

belvedere /ˈbɛl.vəˌdɪɹ/ /ˈbɛl.vɪ.dɪə/ n
belweder
raised structure offering a pleasant view of the surrounding area

bemol n
bemol
bemol

bemuse /bɪˈmjuːz/ v
speszyć zdeprymować
to confuse or bewilder

bench /bɛntʃ/ n
ławka
long seat
sports: where players sit when not playing

bend /bɛnd/ /bɪnd/ n
skos
heraldry: one of the ordinaries

bend /bɛnd/ /bɪnd/ v
giąć zginać zgiąć
to cause to shape into a curve

bend someone's ear v
zanudzać
talk too long

bender /ˈbɛndə/ /ˈbɛndɚ/ n
popijawa
slang: bout of heavy drinking

bending /ˈbɛndɪŋ/ n
zginanie
motion or action

beneath /bɪˈniːθ/ adv
pod poniżej
below or underneath

benefactor /ˈbɛnəˌfæktɚ/ n
dobroczyńca ofiarodawca
on who gives gifts or help

beneficial /ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl/ adj
korzystny
helpful or good to something or someone

beneficiary /ˌbɛn.ɨˈfɪʃ.ɚ.i/ /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əɹ.i/ n
beneficjent
one who benefits from the distribution, especially of an estate

benign /bɪˈnaɪn/ adj
łagodny nieszkodliwy
(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health
łagodny
kind, gentle, mild

bent /bɛnt/ adj
przegięty
Homosexual

benzaldehyde n
aldehyd benzoesowy
C₆H₅CHO

benzene /ˈbɛnziːn/ n
benzen
aromatic compound C₆H₆

bequeath /bɪˈkwiːθ/ v
zapisać zapisywać
to give or leave by will

bereave /bɪˈɹiːv/ v
odbierać pozbawiać zabierać
To take away someone or something important or close

beret /bəˈɹeɪ/ /ˈbɛɹ.eɪ/ n
beret
type of brimless cap

beriberi n
beri-beri
pathology: ailment caused by deficiency of vitamin B

berkelium /bɜːɹˈkiːliəm/ /ˈbɜːɹkliəm/ n
berkel
transuranic chemical element

berry /ˈbɛɹi/ n
jagoda
small fruit
soft fruit developing from a superior ovary and containing seeds not encased in pits

bersagliere n
bersalierzy
marksman or rifleman in Italian regiments

berserk /bə(ɹ)ˈzɜː(ɹ)k/ n
berserk
a crazed Norse warrior who fought in a frenzy

berth /bɜːθ/ /bɝθ/ n
koja kuszetka
bunk

berth /bɜːθ/ /bɝθ/ v
cumować
to bring a ship into berth

beryl /ˈbɛɹəl/ n
beryl
gem

beryllium /bəˈɹɪli.əm/ n
beryl
chemical element

beseech /bɪˈsiːt͡ʃ/ v
błagać
to beg

beside /biˈsaɪd/ /bɪˈsaɪd/ preposition
obok przy
next to
poza
not relevant to

besides /bəˈsaɪdz/ adv
poza tym
also; in addition

besides /bəˈsaɪdz/ preposition
oprócz poza
in addition to

besiege /bəˈsiːd͡ʒ/ v
oblegać
to surround with armed forces

bespoke /bəˈspoʊk/ /bɪˈspəʊk/ adj
uszyty na miarę
individually or custom made

best /ˈbɛst/ adj
najlepszy
superlative of the adjective good

best /ˈbɛst/ adv
najlepiej
superlative of the adverb well

best friend n
przyjaciel przyjaciółka
an especially close and trusted friend

best man n
drużba
primary attendant to the groom

best regards n
załączam pozdrowienia
polite closing of a letter

bestiary n
bestiariusz
A medieval treatise of animals

bestseller n
bestseller
book or thing sold in large numbers

bet /ˈbɛt/ n
zakład
a wager

bet /ˈbɛt/ v
stawiać na
To be sure of something
postawić zakładać się
To stake or pledge upon the outcome of an event

beta version n
wersja beta wersja testowa
software in an early status

betatron n
betatron
a form of cyclotron used to accelerate electrons to high speed

betony n
bukwica zwyczajna bukwica
Stachys officinalis

betray /bəˈtɹeɪ/ v
wydać zdradzić
to deliver into the hands of an enemy
zdradzić
to prove faithless or treacherous

betrayer n
konfident sprzedawczyk zdrajca
someone who betrays

betroth /bəˈtɹoʊð/ v
zaręczyć się
to promise to give in marriage

betrothal n
zaręczyny
mutual promise

betrothed /bɪˈtɹəʊðd/ n
narzeczona narzeczony
fiancé or fiancée

betrothed /bɪˈtɹəʊðd/ v
zaręczony
past of betroth

betta n
bojownik
Fish of the genus Betta

better /ˈbɛtə/ /ˈbɛtəɹ/ [ˈbeɾə] [ˈbeʔə] [ˈbɛtʰə] [ˈbɛtʰɚ~ˈbɛθ̠ɚ~ˈbɛt̪ɚ] [ˈbɛɾɚ] [ˈbɛʔɚ~ˈbɛʔəɾ] adj
lepszy
comparative of the adjectives good or well

better /ˈbɛtə/ /ˈbɛtəɹ/ [ˈbeɾə] [ˈbeʔə] [ˈbɛtʰə] [ˈbɛtʰɚ~ˈbɛθ̠ɚ~ˈbɛt̪ɚ] [ˈbɛɾɚ] [ˈbɛʔɚ~ˈbɛʔəɾ] adv
lepiej
comparative form of the adverb well

better /ˈbɛtə/ /ˈbɛtəɹ/ [ˈbeɾə] [ˈbeʔə] [ˈbɛtʰə] [ˈbɛtʰɚ~ˈbɛθ̠ɚ~ˈbɛt̪ɚ] [ˈbɛɾɚ] [ˈbɛʔɚ~ˈbɛʔəɾ] v
polepszać polepszyć poprawiać poprawić
to improve

better half n
lepsza połowa
spouse or lover

better late than never adv
lepiej późno niż wcale
it’s better to do something late, than to never do it at all

better safe than sorry proverb
strzeżonego Pan Bóg strzeże
it is preferable to be cautious

better than nothing adj
lepsze niż nic
almost worthless

between /bəˈtwin/ /bɪˈtwiːn/ preposition
między pomiędzy
in the position or interval that separates two things
one of, representing a choice
in transit from one to the other
między
shared in confidence by

between Scylla and Charybdis /bəˈtwiːn.ˈsɪlə.ænd.kəˈɹɪbdɪs/ /bəˈtwiːn.ˈsɪləɹ.ænd.kəˈɹɪbdɪs/
między Scyllą a Charybdą między młotem a kowadłem
idiomatic

between a rock and a hard place
między młotem a kowadłem
in a difficult and inescapable position

between the hammer and the anvil
między młotem a kowadłem
with the choice between two unpleasant or distasteful options

beverage /ˈbevəɹɪdʒ/ n
napój
drink

beware /ˌbiˈwɛəɹ/ /ˌbəˈwɛəɹ/ /ˌbɪˈwɛəɹ/ v
strzeż się
use caution, pay attention (to)

bewitch /bəˈwɪtʃ/ v
czarować
to cast a spell

beyond /biˈjɑnd/ /biˈjɒnd/ preposition
poza
further away than
on the far side of

bias /ˈbaɪəs/ n
inklinacja stronniczość ukos uprzedzenie
inclination towards something; predisposition, partiality

biathlete n
biathlonista
athlete in biathlon

biathlon n
biathlon biatlon
winter sport

bib /bɪb/ n
śliniaczek śliniak
item of clothing for protecting other clothes while eating

bibimbap n
bibimbap
Korean dish of white rice topped with vegetables, beef, a whole egg, and gochujang

bible /ˈbaɪbəl/ n
Biblia
comprehensive manual

biblical /ˈbɪblɪkəl/ adj
biblijny
of or relating to the Bible
very great, exceeding previous records
in accordance with the teachings of the Bible

bibliography /bɪbliɒɡɹəfi/ n
bibliografia
list of books or documents
section of a written work
study of the history of books

biblist /ˈbɪblɪst/ n
biblista
a biblical scholar

bicameral /bʌɪˈkaməɹəl/ adj
dwuizbowy bikameralny
having two separate legislative chambers

bicameralism n
bikameralizm dwuizbowość
principle of dividing legislative body into two groups

bicarbonate n
wodorowęglan
chemistry
soda oczyszczona
of soda

bicephalous adj
dwugłowy
Having two heads

biceps femoris n
mięsień dwugłowy uda
the flexor of the knee

bicolour adj
dwubarwny dwukolorowy
having two colours

bicuspid n
przedtrzonowiec
tooth

bicycle /ˈbaɪsɪkl̩/ n
rower
vehicle

bicycle kick n
rowerek
exercise
przewrotka
kick

bicycle lane n
ścieżka rowerowa
lane of a roadway designated for use by cyclists

bicycle path n
ścieżka rowerowa
segregated path for the use of bicycles

bid /bɪd/ n
oferta
offer at an auction

bidet [bɨˈdeɪ] [ˈbiːdeɪ] n
bidet
low-mounted plumbing fixture for cleaning the genitalia and anus

bidirectional /ˌbaɪdɪˈɹɛkʃənəl/ adj
dwukierunkowy
moving in two directions
operating in two directions

bier /biɚ/ /bɪə/ n
mary
litter to transport the corpse of a dead person
katafalk
platform or stand where a body or coffin is placed

bifurcation /ˌbaɪfəˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌbaɪfɚˈkeɪʃən/ n
rozwidlenie
a place where two roads, tributaries etc. part or meet

big /bɪɡ/ adj
dorosły
adult
wielki duży
of a great size

big cheese n
gruba ryba rekin szycha
an important figure

big screen n
wielki ekran
surface

bigamist /ˈbɪɡəmɪst/ n
bigamista
someone who practices bigamy

bigamy /ˈbɪɡəmi/ n
bigamia
state of having two spouses simultaneously

bigger /ˈbɪɡə/ /ˈbɪɡɚ/ adj
większy
comparative of big

bigot /ˈbɪɡət/ n
bigot bigotka
one who is narrow-mindedly devoted to their own ideas and groups and intolerant of others

bijection /baɪ.dʒɛk.ʃən/ n
bijekcja funkcja wzajemnie jednoznaczna
function that is both a surjection and an injection

bike /baɪk/ [bɐɪk] n
rower
bicycle
motocykl
motorcycle

bikini /bɪˈkiːni/ n
bikini
bathing suit

bilabial adj
dwuwargowy
articulated with both lips

bilateral /baɪˈlætəɹəl/ adj
dwustronny
having two sides

bilberry /ˈbɪlb(ə)ɹɪ/ n
borówczany
the shrub of this plant
borówka
type of blueberry from the cowberry family

bile /baɪl/ n
żółć
secretion produced by the liver
bitterness of temper; ill humour

bile duct n
drogi żółciowe
structure carrying bile

bilge /bɪldʒ/ n
zenza zęza
lowest inner part of a ship's hull
obło
rounded portion of a ship's hull

bilinear adj
dwuliniowy
(mathematics) linear in each of two variables

bilingual /baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ adj
dwujęzyczny
speaking two languages

bilingualism n
dwujęzyczność
condition of being bilingual

bill /bɪl/ n
halabarda
weapon of infantry
dziób
bird's beak
projekt ustawy
draft of a law
rachunek faktura
invoice

billhook n
sierpak
agricultural implement

billiards /ˈbɪl.jɚdz/ /ˈbɪlɪədz/ n
bilard
a cue sport

billion /ˈbɪljən/ n
bilion
a million million; 1,000,000,000,000
miliard
a thousand million; 1,000,000,000; a milliard

billionaire n
miliarder miliarderka
wealth exceeding one billion (10⁹)

billow /ˈbɪloʊ/ /ˈbɪləʊ/ n
bałwan
large wave

billy goat n
kozioł
male goat

bilocation /baɪləʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
bilokacja
paranormal ability

bimbo /ˈbɪmboʊ/ /ˈbɪmbəʊ/ n
karyna słodka idiotka
physically attractive woman who lacks intelligence

bimetallism n
bimetalizm
a monetary standard

binary /ˈbaɪ.nə.ɹi/ /ˈbaɪ.nə.ɹɪ/ adj
binarny dwójkowy
using binary number system

bind /baɪnd/ v
oprawiać oprawić
transitive put together in a cover, as of books
wiązać zawiązać
transitive to tie or fasten tightly together, with a cord, band, ligature, chain, etc.

binder /ˈbaɪndə/ /ˈbaɪndɚ/ n
segregator
cover or holder for unbound papers, pages etc.
snopowiązałka wiązałka
machine used in harvesting that ties cut stalks of grain into a bundle

bindle n
węzełek
tramp's or itinerant's bundle

bindweed /ˈbaɪndwiːd/ n
powój
Convolvulaceae

binge eating disorder n
BED napady objadania się
medical disorder

bingo /ˈbɪŋ.ɡoʊ/ /ˈbɪŋ.ɡəʊ/ interjection
bingo
to claim a win in bingo
bingo proszę bardzo
when finding something

bingo /ˈbɪŋ.ɡoʊ/ /ˈbɪŋ.ɡəʊ/ n
bingo
game of chance
win

binitarianism n
binitarianizm
belief

binnacle /ˈbɪnəkəl/ n
naktuz
(nautical) the wooden housing for a ship's compass

binoculars /ˈbɪnˌɒk.jʊ.lə(ɹ)z/ n
lorneta
hand-held device for looking at a distance

binomial /baɪˈnoʊ.mi.əl/ /baɪˈnəʊ.mi.əl/ adj
dwumianowy
consisting of two parts

binomial /baɪˈnoʊ.mi.əl/ /baɪˈnəʊ.mi.əl/ n
dwumian
algebra: polynomial with two terms

bioaccumulation n
bioakumulacja
the process by which substances accumulate in the tissues of living organisms

biochemical adj
biochemiczny
of or relating to biochemistry
involving chemical processes in living organisms

biochemistry n
biochemia
the chemistry of those compounds that occur in living organisms, and the processes that occur in their metabolism and catabolism

biodegradation n
biodegradacja
decomposition of any material by microorganisms

biodiversity /ˌbaɪ.əʊˌdaɪˈvɜː(ɹ).sɪ.ti/ /ˌbaɪoʊdɑɪˈvɚsəti/ n
bioróżnorodność różnorodność biologiczna
diversity of flora and fauna

biofact n
biofakt
in archaeology

biofuel /ˈbaɪ.əʊˌfjʊ(.ə)l/ n
biopaliwo
biofuel

biogeography n
biogeografia
study of geographical distribution of living things

biographer n
biograf
the writer of a biography

biographical adj
biograficzny
relating to an account of a person's life

biography /baɪˈɑːɡɹəfi/ /baɪˈɒɡɹəfi/ n
biografia
personal life story

biohazard n
zagrożenie biologiczne
biological risk

bioinformatics /ˌbaɪoʊˌɪnfɚˈmætɪks/ /ˌbaɪəʊˌɪnfəˈmætɪks/ n
bioinformatyka
field of science

biological /ˌbaɪə(ʊ)ˈlɒdʒɪkəl/ /ˌbaɪəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/ n
biologiczny
of biology
consanguine

biologist n
biolog biolożka
student of biology; one versed in the science of biology

biology /baɪˈɑlədʒi/ /baɪˈɒlədʒɪ/ n
biologia
study of living matter

biomedicine n
biomedycyna
a branch of medical science

bionics /ˈbaɪˌɒnɪks/ n
bionika
engineering based on biological systems

biopsy /ˈbaɪɑpsi/ n
biopsja
removal and examination of a sample of tissue for diagnostic purposes

biotite /ˈbaɪəˌtaɪt/ n
biotyt
dark brown mica

bipartite adj
dwudzielny
divided into two at the base
graph theory
dwustronny
having two participants; joint
dwuczęściowy
having two parts

biped /ˈbaɪpɛd/ n
dwunożny
a two-footed (or two-legged) animal

bipedal adj
dwunożna dwunożny dwunożone
having two feet or two legs

biphenyl n
bifenyl
organic compound

biplane n
dwupłat dwupłatowiec
airplane that has two pairs of wings

bipod /ˈbaɪpɒd/ n
bipod
two-legged stand

bipolar disorder n
zaburzenia dwubiegunowe zaburzenie afektywne dwubiegunowe
psychiatric diagnostic category

birch /bɜːtʃ/ /bɝtʃ/ n
rózga
punishment device
brzoza
tree
wood

birch sap n
oskoła sok brzozowy
the sap extracted from a birch tree

birchen adj
brzozowy
made of birch

bird /bɜd/ /bɜːd/ /bɝd/ [bɜɪd] n
ptak
animal
fak środkowy palec
vulgar hand gesture

bird cherry n
czeremcha
Prunus padus

bird of paradise n
cudowronka rajski ptak
bird

bird of prey n
ptak drapieżny
carnivorous bird

bird table n
karmnik
construction for supplying food for birds

bird's-eye view n
z lotu ptaka
view from directly or high above

birdbrain /ˈbɚd.bɹeɪn/ /ˈbɜː(ɹ)d.bɹeɪn/ n
ptasi móżdżek
someone who is not intelligent

birdie /ˈbɜːdi/ /ˈbɝdi/ n
ptaszek ptaszyna
bird, birdling

birds of a feather flock together proverb
ciągnie swój do swego
people of similar character, etc. tend to associate

birdsong n
trel
musical sound made by a bird

bireme n
birema diera
galley

biretta n
biret
square cap

birth /bɜːθ/ /bɝθ/ n
urodzenie narodziny
process of childbearing; beginning of life

birth certificate n
akt urodzenia
official document certifying the details of a person's birth

birth control n
antykoncepcja
voluntary control of the number of children conceived

birthday /ˈbɜːθ.deɪ/ /ˈbɜːθ.dɪ/ /ˈbɝθˌdeɪ/ n
urodziny
anniversary
data urodzenia
date of birth

birthday cake n
tort urodzinowy
a cake made to celebrate a birthday

birthday party n
przyjęcie urodzinowe urodziny
a party held to celebrate a birthday

birthday suit n
strój Adama
nakedness

birthmark n
znak szczególny
a mark on the skin formed before birth

birthplace /ˈbɝθˌpleɪs/ n
miejsce urodzenia
location where a person is born

birthwort n
kokornak
Aristolochia

biscuit /ˈbɪskɪt/ n
ciastko herbatnik
small, flat baked good

bisector /ˈbaɪˌsɛktɚ/ n
dwusieczna
A line or curve that bisects or divides a line segment, angle, or other figure into two equal parts

bisexual /baɪˈsɛk.ʃu.əl/ adj
biseksualny
sexually attracted to both men and women

bisexual /baɪˈsɛk.ʃu.əl/ n
biseksualista bi
bisexual person

bisexually adv
biseksualnie
in a bisexual way

bishop /ˈbɪʃəp/ n
goniec laufer
chess piece
biskup
church official, supervisor of priests and congregations

bishopric /ˈbɪʃ.ə.pɹɪk/ n
diecezja
diocese
biskupstwo
function of being bishop

bismuth /ˈbɪz.məθ/ n
bizmut
chemical element

bison /ˈbaɪ̯sən/ n
bizon
A similar American animal, Bison bison
żubr
A wild ox, Bison bonasus

bistro /ˈbiːstɹoʊ/ /ˈbiːstɹəʊ/ n
bistro
small restaurant

bit /bɪt/ n
wędzidło
metal in horse's mouth
kawałek porcja
portion
kawałek
small amount of something

bit by bit adv
po trochu
small amount at a time

bitch /bɪt͡s/ /bɪt͡ʃ/ n
suka
disagreeable, aggressive person, usually female
suka lisica wilczyca
female canine

bitch /bɪt͡s/ /bɪt͡ʃ/ v
psioczyć
complain (about something) spitefully

bitch fight /ˈbɪtʃ ˈfaɪt/ n
walka ciot walka pedałów
(vulgar) a fight between gay men
walka dziwek
(vulgar) a fight between women

bite /baɪt/ /bʌɪt/ n
kęs
mouthful
ukąszenie
swelling of one's skin caused by an insect's mouthparts or sting
ugryzienie
wound left behind after having been bitten
act of biting

bite /baɪt/ /bʌɪt/ v
gryźć kąsać ugryźć ukąsić
to attack with the teeth
chwycić chwytać
to bite a baited hook or other lure
odgryzać odgryźć
to cut off a piece by clamping the teeth
gryźć
to hold something by clamping one’s teeth
kąsać ukąsić użądlić żądlić
to sting

bite one's tongue v
ugryźć się w język
prevent oneself from uttering a word

bite the bullet v
zacisnąć zęby
endure punishment with dignity or accept a negative aspect of a situation

bite the dust v
kopnąć w kalendarz
to die

bitmap n
bitmapa
a series of bits

bitrate n
przepływność szybkość transmisji bitów
frequency of bits at passing point

bitstock n
korba stolarska
drill bit-carrying crank for boring holes

bitter /ˈbɪtə/ /ˈbɪtəɹ/ adj
zgorzkniały
cynical and resentful
gorzki
having an acrid taste

bitter melon /ˈbɪtəɹ ˈmɛlən/ n
balsamka ogórkowata przepękla ogórkowata
fruit
plant

bittercress n
gorczycznik pospolity
Barbarea vulgaris
rzeżucha
plant of Cardamine

bittern /ˈbɪtən/ /ˈbɪtəɹn/ n
bąk
bird of the subfamily Botaurinae

bitterness /ˈbɪtənəs/ n
gorycz gorzkość
quality of being bitter in taste

bittersweet /ˈbɪtɚˌswit/ n
dławisz
a vine, of the genus Celastrus
psianka słodkogórz
the bittersweet nightshade, Solanum dulcamara

bivouac /ˈbɪv.u.æk/ n
biwak
encampment for the night, usually without tents or covering
a temporary shelter for a few nights

biweekly /baɪˈwiːkli/ n
dwutygodnik
something published or released once every two weeks

bizarre /bɪˈzɑɹ/ /bɪˈzɑː(ɹ)/ adj
dziwny cudaczny
strangely unconventional

black /blæk/ adj
czarny czerń
absorbing all light
czarny czarnoskóry murzyński
relating to people with dark skin

black /blæk/ n
czerń czarny
colour/color
murzyn murzynka
dark-skinned person

black alder n
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa tree

black antshrike n
chronka czarna
bird

black art n
czarna magia
witchcraft, sorcery, black magic, etc.

black bile n
czarna żółć
one of the four humours

black box n
czarna skrzynka
recorders in an aircraft
theoretical construct or device

black cat n
czarnego kota czarny kot
black-furred cat

black child n
Murzynek
black child

black currant /ˈblækˌkɜɹənt/ /ˈblækˌkʌɹənt/ n
czarna porzeczka
berry
shrub

black eye n
limo podbite oko
bruised eye

black grouse /ˈblæk ɡɹɑʊs/ n
cietrzew
Lyrurus tetrix

black hole /blæk ˈhoʊl/ /blæk ˈhəʊl/ n
czarna dziura
celestial body

black humor n
czarny humor
subgenre of comedy

black ice n
gołoledź czarny lód szklanka ślizgawica ślizgawka
invisible film of ice

black locust n
robinia
Robinia pseudoacacia

black magic n
czarna magia
magic derived from evil forces

black market n
czarny rynek
trade that is in violation of restrictions, rationing or price controls

black mulberry n
morwa czarna
fruit
tree

black pepper n
czarny pieprz
spice

black redstart n
kopciuszek
a small passerine bird

black rhinoceros n
nosorożec czarny
Diceros bicornis

black rice n
ryż czarny
type of rice

black sheep n
czarna owca
disliked person

black stork n
bocian czarny
Ciconia nigra

black swan n
łabędź czarny
Cygnus atratus

black tea n
czarna herbata
tea leaves which have been "fermented"

black woodpecker /ˈblækˈwʊdpɛkə(ɹ)/ n
dzięcioł czarny dzięcioł czarny
Dryocopus martius

black-and-white adj
czarno-biały monochromatyczny
displaying images in shades of grey/gray
using shades of grey/gray

black-billed capercaillie n
głuszec czarnodzioby
Tetrao parvirostris

black-capped chickadee n
sikora jasnoskrzydła
Poecile atricapillus

black-crested antshrike n
mrowiec czarnoczuby
bird

black-crowned night heron n
ślepowron
Nycticorax nycticorax

black-headed gull n
mewa śmieszka śmieszka
Chroicocephalus ridibundus

black-hooded antshrike n
chronka żałobna
passerine bird

black-legged kittiwake n
mewa trójpalczasta
Rissa tridactyla

black-throated antshrike n
mrówkodzierzb czarnogardly
passerine bird

black-winged pratincole n
żwirowiec stepowy
Glareola nordmanni

blackberry /ˈblækbeɹi/ /ˈblækbəɹi/ n
jeżyna
fruit

blackbird /ˈblakbəːd/ /ˈblækˌbɚd/ n
kos kos zwyczajny
Turdus merula: blackbird

blackboard /ˈblækbɔɹd/ /ˈblækbɔːd/ n
tablica
a surface that can be written upon with chalk

blackbody n
ciało doskonale czarne
an idealized object that absorbs all electromagnetic radiation that falls on it

blackcap n
kapturka
Sylvia atricapilla

blacken /ˈblækən/ v
czernieć poczernieć sczernieć
become black
oczerniać oczernić
defame, sully
czernić zaczernić
make black

blackish /ˈblækɪʃ/ adj
czarnawy
somewhat black

blackish-gray antshrike n
chronka ciemna
passerine bird

blackleg n
szuler
cheater

blacklist /ˈblæklɪst/ n
czarna lista
list or set of people or entities to be shunned or banned

blacklist /ˈblæklɪst/ v
włączyć do czarnej listy
to place on a blacklist

blackmail n
szantaż
extortion of money by threats of public accusation, exposure, or censure

blackmail v
szantażować
to extort money

blackness n
czerń
state or quality of being black

blackout /ˈblækaʊt/ n
zamroczenie
a temporary loss of consciousness
zanik pamięci
a temporary loss of memory

blackshirt n
czarna koszula
uniformed Italian fascist, member of a paramilitary wing of the party

blacksmith /ˈblæk.smɪθ/ n
kowal
iron forger

blackthorn /ˈblækˌθɔɹn/ /ˈblækˌθɔːn/ n
tarnina
Prunus spinosa

bladder /ˈblædə/ /ˈblæɾɚ/ n
pęcherz
flexible sac in zoology
hollow inflatable organ in botany
inflatable bag inside a ball

bladdernut n
kłokoczka
Staphylea

bladderpod n
lobelia rozdęta
Lobelia inflata, indian tobacco, Puke weed

bladderwort n
pływacz
Utricularia

blade /bleɪd/ n
łopata
part of a propeller
ostrze
sharp-edged or pointed working end of a tool or utensil
slang term for a weapon such as a dagger
źdźbło ostrze
the flat part of a leaf or petal

blame /bleɪm/ n
wina
state of having caused a bad event

blame /bleɪm/ v
obwiniać obwinić winić
place blame upon

blanch v
blanszować zblanszować
to cook by dipping briefly into boiling water, then directly into cold water

bland /blænd/ adj
uspakajający
Having a soothing effect; not irritating or stimulating
bez smaku bezbarwny mdły nijaki
Lacking in taste or vigor
delikatny łagodny
Mild; dull; soft; gentle; smooth in manner; suave

blank /blæŋk/ adj
czysty niewypełniony niezadrukowany niezapisany pusty
free from writing, printing or marks
bezbarwny
without color

blank /blæŋk/ n
ślepy nabój
simulation cartridge
spacja
space character
puste miejsce
space to be filled in on a form or template
void space on a paper

blanket /ˈblæŋkɪt/ n
koc
fabric

blaspheme /ˈblæs.fim/ /ˌblæsˈfiːm/ v
bluźnić
to speak against God or religious doctrine

blasphemer n
bluźnierca
One who commits blasphemy

blasphemous /ˈblæs.fəm.ʌs/ adj
bluźnierczy
lacking piety or respect for the sacred

blasphemy /ˈblæs.fə.mi/ n
bluźnierstwo blasfemia
Irreverence toward something sacred

blast /blæst/ /blɑːst/ n
eksplozja wybuch
explosion

blast furnace n
wielki piec
furnace where iron ore is smelted

blat n
blat
connections; relationships; one's social or business network (Russia)

blazon /ˈbleɪzən/ n
blazonowanie
a description of a coat of arms

bleach n
wybielacz
chemical

bleach v
bielić wybielić
to treat with bleach

bleacher n
trybuna
seating for spectators

bleachers n
trybuny
tiered, exposed spectator seating

bleak /bliːk/ n
ukleja
small European river fish

blear /ˈblɪə/ adj
kaprawy mętny
dim

blear /ˈblɪə/ v
zamglić
make blurred or dim

bleary adj
wyczerpany zmęczony
Tired, having senses dulled by exhaustion

bleed /ˈbliːd/ v
krwawić
lose blood

bleeder n
hemofilik
person who is easily made to bleed

blend /blɛnd/ n
mieszanka
mixture

blender /ˈblɛndə/ /ˈblɛndɚ/ n
blender mikser
machine

bless /blɛs/ v
błogosławić
confer blessing on

bless you interjection
na zdrowie
said to somebody who has sneezed

blessed /blɛst/ /ˈblɛsɪd/ adj
błogosławiony
having divine aid, or protection, or other blessing
In Catholicism, a title indicating the beatification of a person

blessing /ˈblɛs.ɪŋ/ n
błogosławieństwo
divine or supernatural aid or reward
pronouncement invoking divine aid
thing one is glad of
act of declaring, seeking or bestowing favor
good fortune

blimp /blɪmp/ /bəˈlɪmp/ n
sterowiec ciśnieniowy
airship

blind /blaɪnd/ adj
ślepy niewidomy
unable to see
na ślepo w ciemno
without any prior knowledge

blind /blaɪnd/ n
zasłona
covering for a window

blind carbon copy n
kopia ukryta ukryta kopia ukryte do wiadomości
copy of an email message

blind date n
randka w ciemno
romantic meeting between two people who have never met before

blind drunk adj
nawalony jak Messerschmitt pijany jak bela pijany jak szewc pijany jak świnia pijany w sztok urżnięty
completely intoxicated

blind man's buff n
ciuciubabka ślepa babka
game where someone is blindfolded and tries to catch the others

blind spot n
plamka ślepa plamka Mariotte'a
place where the optic nerve attaches to the retina

blindly /ˈblaɪndli/ adv
ślepo
sightlessly

blindness n
ślepota
condition of being blind

blindside /ˈblaɪndˌsaɪd/ v
zaskakiwać zaskoczyć
catch off guard

blini n
bliny
buckwheat pancakes

blink /blɪŋk/ v
mrugać mrugnąć
to close and reopen both eyes quickly
migać mignąć
to flash headlights
mrugać migać
to flash on and off at regular intervals
mrugnąć
to send a signal with a lighting device

bliss /blɪs/ n
błogość
perfect happiness

blister /ˈblɪstɚ/ n
pęcherz bąbel
bubble on the skin

blithely /ˈblaɪðli/ adv
beztrosko niefrasobliwie

blitzkrieg n
blitzkrieg
fast military offensive

blizzard /ˈblɪ.zəd/ /ˈblɪ.zɚd/ n
nawał nawała
figuratively: large amount of paperwork
large number of similar things
blizzard zamieć zadymka śnieżyca
severe snowstorm

block /blɑk/ /blɒk/ n
blok
substantial often approximately cuboid piece
volleyball: defensive play

block /blɑk/ /blɒk/ v
blokować
to prevent an action
to prevent passing

block and tackle n
wielokrążek
system of several pulleys

blockade /blɑˈkeɪd/ /blɒˈkeɪd/ n
blokada
the isolation of something

blockade /blɑˈkeɪd/ /blɒˈkeɪd/ v
blokować
to create a blockade against

blockchain n
łańcuch bloków
shared record

blockhead n
dureń przygłup
stupid person

blog /blɑɡ/ /blɒɡ/ n
blog
a personal or corporate website

blog /blɑɡ/ /blɒɡ/ v
blogować
to contribute to a blog

blogger /ˈblɒ.ɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈblɔ.ɡɚ/ n
bloger blogerka
contributor to a blog

blogosphere n
blogosfera
the totality of blogs

bloke /bləʊk/ n
facet koleś
man

blond /blɑnd/ /blɒnd/ adj
blond
having blond hair
of a pale golden colour

blond /blɑnd/ /blɒnd/ n
blond
a pale yellowish color
blondynka blondyn
fair-haired person

blood /blʊd/ /blʌd/ n
krew
family relationship due to birth, e.g. between siblings
krew farba jucha posoka
vital liquid flowing in animal bodies

blood /blʊd/ /blʌd/ v
krwawić
to cause to be covered with blood

blood cell n
krwinka
any of the cells normally found in the blood

blood clot n
zakrzep skrzeplina

blood donor n
krwiodawca krwiodawczyni
person who donates blood

blood is thicker than water proverb
krew nie woda
relationships are stronger within the family

blood pressure n
ciśnienie krwi
pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries and veins

blood relation n
pokrewieństwo
person

blood transfusion n
transfuzja krwi
taking blood from one and giving it to another individual

blood type n
grupa krwi
blood classification

blood vessel n
naczynie krwionośne
component of the circulatory system that carries blood

bloodhound /ˈblʌdhaʊnd/ n
ogar
dog

bloodless adj
bezkrwawy
taking place without loss of blood

bloodshed /ˈblʌdˌʃɛd/ n
rozlew krwi
shedding or spilling of blood

bloodsucker n
krwiopijca
animal that drinks the blood of others
one who attempts to take as much from others as possible

bloodthirsty /ˈblʌdˌθɚsti/ /ˈblʌdθəːsti/ adj
krwiożerczy
thirsty for blood

bloody /ˈblʌ.di/ adj
krwawy
characterised by great bloodshed
covered in blood
cholerny pieprzony
intensifier

bloody mary n
krwawa mary
cocktail made from vodka and tomato juice

blossom /ˈblɑ.səm/ /ˈblɒ.səm/ n
kwiat
flowers on trees
kwitnienie okres kwitnienia
state or season for such flowers

blossom /ˈblɑ.səm/ /ˈblɒ.səm/ v
kwitnąć
have or open into blossoms

blotting paper n
bibuła
absorbent paper used to dry ink

blouse /blaʊs/ n
bluzka bluza
an outer garment, usually loose, that is similar to a shirt

blow /bloʊ/ /bləʊ/ v
dmuchać dąć dmuchnąć zadąć
to blow a musical instrument to make it give a sound
wybuchać wybuchnąć
to explode
lizać pałę obciągać chuja obciągać fiuta obciągać loda robić loda
to fellate
zwiać zwiewać
to leave
dmuchać wiać dąć
to produce an air current
zdmuchnąć
to propel by an air current
przepuszczać przepuścić
to squander

blow hot and cold v
Panu Bogu świeczkę i diabłu ogarek siedzieć jednym tyłkiem na dwóch stołkach siedzieć na dwóch stołkach
inconsistent behavior

blow one's nose v
smarkać się
to expel mucus from nose

blow out v
zdmuchnąć
extinguish

blow to kingdom come v
zetrzeć z powierzchni ziemi
to totally destroy; to wipe out

blow up v
wybuchać
to explode (intransitive)
wysadzać
to explode (transitive)

blower n
dmuchawa
device

blowfish n
ryba rozdymkowata
any species of fish of the family Tetraodontidae that have the ability to inflate themselves to a globe

blowgun n
dmuchawka
weapon

blowjob /ˈbloʊdʒɑb/ /ˈbləʊdʒɒb/ n
obciąganie robienie loda ssanie chuja ssanie fiuta ssanie pały
the act of fellatio

bludgeon /blʌdʒ.ən/ n
pałka
short heavy club

bludgeon /blʌdʒ.ən/ v
walnąć
to club, hit with a bludgeon

blue /bljuː/ /blu/ /bluː/ /blɪʊ̯/ adj
niebieski błękitny
blue-colored

blue /bljuː/ /blu/ /bluː/ /blɪʊ̯/ n
niebieski błękit
colour

blue jay n
modrosójka błękitna
species of North American jay

blue rock thrush n
modrak
Monticola solitarius

blue screen of death n
niebieski ekran śmierci
screen indicating a system error

blue whale n
płetwal błękitny
a whale, Balaenoptera musculus

blue-eyed adj
niebieskooki niebieskooka
having blue eyes

blue-gray adj
siny
color — see also the hyponyms listed above

blue-winged kookaburra n
kukabura modroskrzydła
Dacelo leachii

bluebell n
dzwonek
flowering plants of the genus Hyacinthoides

blueberry /ˈblu.ˌbɛ.ɹi/ /ˈbluːb(ə)ɹi/ n
borówka
fruit

bluebird n
błękitnik
bird of Sialia

bluefish n
lufar skrzelołusk tasergal
Pomatomus saltatrix

bluethroat n
podróżniczek
bird

blunder /ˈblʌn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈblʌn.dɚ/ n
gafa
mistake

blunderbuss /ˈblʌndəbʌs/ /ˈblʌndəɹbʌs/ n
gardłacz garłacz szturmak tromblon
old style of firearm with a distinctive large opening at the muzzle

blunt /blʌnt/ adj
tępy
having a thick edge or point, not sharp

blur /blɜ(ɹ)/ n
plama rozmaz
A smear, smudge or blot
rozmazany
Something that appears hazy or indistinct

blur /blɜ(ɹ)/ v
rozmazać się rozmazywać się
become indistinct
rozmazać rozmazywać zamglić
make indistinct or hazy, to obscure or dim
mazać rozmazać rozmazywać smużyć
smear, stain or smudge

blurred /blɜːd/ /blɝd/ adj
zamazany
Out of focus

blurry /ˈblɜːɹi/ adj
rozmyty nieostry rozmazany zamglony
not clear, crisp, or focused

boa /ˈboʊ.ə/ /ˈbəʊ.ə/ n
boa
snake

boa constrictor n
boa dusiciel
snake

boar /bo(ː)ɹ/ /boə/ /bɔɹ/ /bɔː/ n
knur
male pig

board /bo(ː)ɹd/ /boəd/ /bɔːd/ /bɔːɹd/ n
panel
device containing electrical switches
deska
long, wide and thin piece of wood or other material
komitet rada
managing committee
wikt wyżywienie
regular meals or amount paid for them in a place of lodging
tablica
short for blackboard, whiteboard, etc.
burta
side of a ship
plansza
surface for a board game

board game n
gra planszowa
game played on a board

boarding house n
internat
boarding school building
kwatera pensjonat
private house for paying guests

boardwalk /ˈbɔɹdˌwɑk/ /ˈbɔːdwɔːk/ n
promenada
slightly elevated path for pedestrians

boast /boʊst/ /bəʊst/ v
przechwalać się chlubić się szczycić się
to brag; to talk loudly in praise of oneself

boat /boʊt/ /bəʊt/ n
ful
poker slang: full house
łódź łódka
water craft

boathook n
bosak osęk osęka
hook attached to a pole to push out or pull in things

boatswain /ˈboʊ.sn̩/ /ˈbəʊ.sn̩/ /ˈbəʊtˌsweɪn/ n
bosman
the officer (or warrant officer) in charge of sails, rigging, anchors, cables etc. and all work on deck of a sailing ship

bobbin n
szpulka
small spool in a sewing machine
szpula szpulka
spool around which wire or thread is coiled

bobcat /ˈbɑbkæt/ /ˈbɒbkæt/ n
ryś rudy
North American wild cat

bobolink n
ryżojad
songbird

bobsleigh n
bobslej
sled
bobsleje
sport

bodily /ˈbɑdɪli/ /ˈbɒdɪli/ adj
cielesny
relating to the body

body /ˈbɑdi/ /ˈbɒdi/ n
ciało
any physical object or material thing
fleshly or corporeal nature of a human
substance, material presence
ciało zwłoki
corpse
grono grupa oddział
group having a common purpose or opinion
karoseria kadłub korpus
largest or most important part of anything (e.g. car bodywork)
ciało organ
organisation, company or other authoritative group
ciało organizm
physical structure of a human or animal
góra
section of a dress
tułów ciało
torso

body double n
dubler
film stand-in

body heat n
ciepłota
heat produced from within the body

body part n
część ciała
anatomy: part of organism

bodybuilder /ˈbɑː.diˌbɪl.dɚ/ /ˈbɒ.diˌbɪl.də/ n
kulturysta kulturystka
a person who uses diet and exercise to build an aesthetically muscular physique

bodybuilding /ˈbɑːdiˌbɪldɪŋ/ /ˈbɒdiˌbɪldɪŋ/ n
kulturystyka
sport of muscle development

bodyguard /ˈbɑːdiɡɑːɹd/ /ˈbɒdiɡɑːd/ n
ochrona ochroniarz
person responsible for protecting an individual

bog /bɑɡ/ /bɒɡ/ /bɔɡ/ n
torfowisko
expanse of marshland

bog iron ore n
ruda darniowa
deposit

bog rosemary n
modrzewnica
Andromeda

bogatyr n
bohater
medieval Russian heroic warrior

bogeyman /ˈbuɡiˌmæn/ n
czarny lud straszydło
any make-believe threat
czarny lud
menacing, ghost-like monster in children's stories

boggy adj
bagnisty
having the qualities of a bog

bogrush n
marzyca
sedge of the genus Schoenus

bogus /ˈboʊ.ɡəs/ /ˈbəʊ.ɡəs/ adj
fałszywy zmyślony
counterfeit or fake; not genuine

bohrium /ˈbɔːɹiəm/ n
bohr
chemical element

boil /bɔɪl/ n
czyrak
accumulation of pus
wrzenie
point at which fluid begins to change to a vapour

boil /bɔɪl/ v
wrzeć zagotować
begin to turn into a gas
gotować
cook in boiling water
wrzeć gotować
heat (a liquid) until it begins to turn into a gas

boiled egg n
zgotowane jajo

boiler /ˈbɔɪlə/ /ˈbɔɪlɚ/ n
kocioł
device for heating circulating water
bojler
hot water heater with storage

boiler suit n
kombinezon
one-piece suit

boilerplate n
gotowiec szablon
standard text used routinely

boisterous /ˈbɔɪstəɹəs/ adj
hałaśliwy
full of energy; noisy

bokeh /ˈboʊˈkɛ/ n
bokeh
subjective aesthetic quality of out-of-focus areas of an image

bold /boʊld/ /bəʊld/ adj
śmiały odważny
courageous, daring
tłusty pogrubiony
having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface

boldly /ˈboʊldli/ /ˈbəʊldli/ adv
odważnie śmiało
in a bold manner

bole /boʊl/ /bəʊl/ n
pień
the trunk or stem of a tree

boletus n
borowik
a type of edible mushroom

bolide /ˈboʊ.laɪd/ n
bolid
extremely bright meteor

boll /boʊl/ /bɒl/ n
torebka
the rounded seed-bearing capsule of a cotton or flax plant

bolt /boʊlt/ /bɒlt/ n
rygiel
bar to prevent a door from being forced open
grom piorun
lightning spark
śruba
metal fastener
bełt
short, stout, blunt-headed arrow
rygiel zasuwa zasuwka
sliding pin or bar in a lock

bolt /boʊlt/ /bɒlt/ v
ryglować
to secure a door

bolt from the blue n
grom z jasnego nieba
something totally unexpected

bomb /bɑm/ /bɒm/ n
bomba
device filled with explosives

bomb /bɑm/ /bɒm/ v
bombardować
attack with bombs

bombastic /bɑmˈbæs.tʰɪk/ /bɒmˈbæs.tɪk/ adj
górnolotny
high-sounding but with little meaning
napuszony
inflated, overfilled
pompatyczny
pompous or overly wordy

bomber /ˈbɑməɹ/ n
samolot bombowy bombowiec
aircraft

bombshell n
pocisk
a bomb or artillery shell designed to explode on impact
seksbomba
someone who is very attractive
sensacja
something that is very surprising, shocking, amazing or sensational

bon appétit /ˌboʊn æpəˈti(t)/ /ˌbɒn apəˈtiː/ phraseologicalUnit
smacznego
used to wish someone enjoyment of the meal they are about to eat

bon mot /bɑn moʊ/ /bɒn məʊ/ n
bon mot
clever saying, phrase or witticism

bon voyage /ˌbɒn vwaɪˈɑːʒ/ interjection
szczęśliwej drogi szczęśliwej podróży szerokiej drogi
wish of good journey

bona fide /ˈboʊnə.faɪd/ /ˌbəʊ.nəˈfaɪ.di/ adj
prawdziwy
genuine

bond /bɑnd/ /bɒnd/ n
więź
binding agreement, a covenant
link, connection or union
zobowiązanie
documentary obligation to pay a sum or to perform a contract
wiązanie
in chemistry, a link or force between neighbouring atoms in a molecule
wątek
specific pattern of bricklaying.
więzy
that which binds, a band

bone /bɐʉn/ /bəʉn/ /bəʊn/ /ˈboʊn/ n
kość
component of a skeleton
material
ość
fishbone

bone marrow n
szpik kostny szpik
bone marrow

bone of contention /ˈboʊn əv kənˈtɛnʃən/ /ˈbəʊn əv kənˈtɛnʃən/ n
kość niezgody
Something that continues to be disputed

bonefolder n
gładyszka
A dull-edged hand tool used to fold and crease

boner /ˈboʊ.nɚ/ /ˈbəʊ.nə(ɹ)/ n
wzwód gafa
erect penis

bonfire /ˈbɑnfaɪɚ/ /ˈbɒnfaɪə/ n
stos
fire to burn unwanted items or people
ognisko
large, outdoor controlled fire

bonnet /ˈbɑn.ɪt/ /ˈbɒn.ɪt/ n
maska
cover over the engine of a motor car
czepek
type of women's and children's hat

bonnie adj
piękny
Beautiful; pretty; attractive
wesoły
Gay; merry; frolicsome; cheerful; blithe

bonsai v
bonsai
a miniaturized tree or plant

boo /buː/ interjection
bu
loud exclamation intended to scare someone

boob /ˈbuːb/ n
cycek
breast (colloquial)

booby /ˈbuːbi/ n
głuptak
bird
gapa głupek
stupid person

booger /ˈbʊɡə/ /ˈbʊɡɚ/ n
babol gil koza glut smark
a piece of solid or semi-solid mucus

book /buːk/ /bʊk/ n
książka księga
collection of sheets of paper bound together containing printed or written material
księgi
usually in plural: records of the accounts of a business

book /buːk/ /bʊk/ v
rezerwować bukować zabukować zarezerwować
to reserve
spisać
to write down, register, record

bookbinder n
introligator
person whose profession is binding books

bookbindery n
introligatornia
building where books are assembled and bound

bookcase [ˈbʊkːeɪs] n
regał biblioteczka
furniture displaying books

booking /ˈbʊkɪŋ/ n
rezerwacja
reservation for a service

bookish /ˈbʊk.ɪʃ/ adj
książkowy
characterized by a method of expression generally found in books
dużo czytający
given to reading; fond of study

booklet /ˈbʊk.lət/ n
książeczka broszura
small book

bookmaker /ˈbʊkmeɪkəɹ/ n
bukmacher
a person who calculates odds and accepts bets; a bookie

bookmark /ˈbʊkmɑɹk/ n
zakładka
record of the address of a file or page
strip used to mark a place in a book

bookmarklet n
skryptozakładka
JavaScript code

bookseller /ˈbʊksɛlɚ/ n
księgarnia
business
bukinista księgarz
person

bookshelf /ˈbʊkˌʃɛlf/ n
półka na książki
shelf for storing books

bookshop n
księgarnia
shop that sells books

bookworm /ˈbʊk.wɜːm/ n
mól książkowy
avid reader

boom /bum/ /buːm/ interjection
bum
sound of explosion

boom /bum/ /buːm/ n
grzmot huk
abrupt, low-pitched sound
bom
spar extending the foot of a sail
boom
period of prosperity

boom /bum/ /buːm/ v
prosperować
to be prosperous

boom barrier n
szlaban rogatka
gate at level crossing

boom box n
boombox radiomagnetofon
portable audio system

boomerang /ˈbuməɹæŋ/ /ˈbuːməɹæŋ/ n
bumerang
flat curved airfoil

boor /bɔɹ/ /bɔː/ /bʊə/ /bʊɹ/ n
Bur
a Boer, white South African of Dutch or Huguenot descent
cham prostak
an uncultured person

boorish /ˈbʊəɹɪʃ/ adj
chamski gburowaty prostacki
behaving as a boor

boorishness n
chamstwo
the state or characteristic of being a boor or of being boorish

boost /buːst/ n
wzmocnienie
push from behind

boost /buːst/ v
zasilać zwiększać
to lift or push from behind

boot /but/ /buːt/ n
blokada na koło
but
heavy shoe that covers part of the leg
rozruch
the act or process of bootstrapping

boot /but/ /buːt/ v
uruchomić wykonać rozruch
to start a system

bootleg n
cholewa cholewka
that part of a boot that is above the instep

bootstrap /ˈbuːtˌstɹæp/ n
rozruch
the process by which the operating system of a computer is loaded into its memory

booty /ˈbuːti/ n
łup
plunder

booze /buːz/ n
coś mocniejszego coś niecoś małe co nieco procent trunek
any alcoholic beverage

booze /buːz/ v
chlusnąć ciągnąć doić gazować golić grzać
slang:to drink alcohol

bora n
bora
wind

borate n
boran
salt of boric acid

border /bɔədə/ /bɔɹdəɹ/ /bɔːdə/ n
granica
the line or frontier area separating regions

border /bɔədə/ /bɔɹdəɹ/ /bɔːdə/ v
graniczyć
(transitive) to lie on, or adjacent to a border

borderer n
kresowiec
person who resides near a border

borderland n
kresy pogranicze
land near a border

borderline adj
pograniczny
not clearly on one side or other of a boundary

bordure n
skraj
contrasting border round a shield

bore /bo(ː)ɹ/ /boə/ /bɔɹ/ /bɔː/ n
nudziarz
One who inspires boredom

boreal chickadee n
sikora kanadyjska
Poecile hudsonicus

bored /bo(ː)ɹd/ /boəd/ /bɔːd/ /bɔːɹd/ adj
znudzony
suffering from boredom

boredom /ˈbɔɹ.dəm/ /ˈbɔː.dəm/ n
nuda
state of being bored

boric adj
borowy
pertaining to the element boron

boric acid n
kwas borowy
White crystalline solid soluble as a weak acid

boring /ˈbɔːɹɪŋ/ adj
nudny
causing boredom

boron /ˈbɔːˌɹɒn/ n
bor
chemical element

borrow /ˈbɑɹoʊ/ /ˈbɒɹəʊ/ /ˈbɔɹoʊ/ v
pożyczać pożyczyć
receive temporarily
zapożyczać zapożyczyć
to copy a word from another language
adopt (an idea) as one's own

borscht /bɔɹʃt/ /bɔːʃt/ n
barszcz
beetroot soup

bosom /ˈbʊz(ə)m/ adj
bliski
in a very close relationship

bosom friend n
przyjaciel od serca przyjaciółka od serca
very close friend

boson /ˈboʊ.zɒn/ /ˈbəʊ.zɒn/ n
bozon
particle

boss /bɑs/ /bɒs/ /bɔs/ n
szef naczelnik
person in charge
szef kierownik brygadzista
supervisor

bossage n
boniowanie
rough, unfinished stone block

bossy /ˈbɑsi/ /ˈbɒsi/ /ˈbɔsi/ adj
apodyktyczny rządzący się władczy
tending to give orders to others

bota bag n
bukłak
wineskin bag

botanical adj
botaniczny
Of or pertaining to botany

botanical garden n
ogród botaniczny
a place where a variety of plants are grown for scientific reasons

botanical name n
nazwa botaniczna
scientific name of plants

botanist /ˈbɒt.ən.ɪst/ n
botanik
a person engaged in botany

botany /ˈbɒtəni/ n
botanika roślinoznawstwo
scientific study of plants

botch /bɑt͡ʃ/ /bɒt͡ʃ/ n
amatorszczyzna chałtura fuszerka partanina
An action, job, or task that has been performed very badly
kwiatek wielbłąd
a mistake that is very stupid or embarrassing
fuszerka
a ruined, defective, or clumsy piece of work; mess; bungle

botch /bɑt͡ʃ/ /bɒt͡ʃ/ v
partaczyć partolić spartaczyć spartolić
to perform (a task) in an unacceptable or incompetent manner

botfly n
gzowate gzy
insect

both /boʊlθ/ /boʊθ/ /bəʊθ/ conjunction
zarówno ..., jak i ...
both...and...

both /boʊlθ/ /boʊθ/ /bəʊθ/ determiner
oba obaj oboje obie obydwaj obydwoje
each of two; one and the other

bother /ˈbɒðəɹ/ [ˈbɑðɚ] [ˈbɒðə(ɹ)] [ˈbɔðə(ɹ)] n
kłopot
trouble, inconvenience

bother /ˈbɒðəɹ/ [ˈbɑðɚ] [ˈbɒðə(ɹ)] [ˈbɔðə(ɹ)] v
naprzykrzać się niepokoić
to annoy, disturb

bothersome adj
kłopotliwy
causing bother or perplexity

bottle /ˈbɑ.təl/ /ˈbɒ.təl/ n
butelka
container
contents of such a container
figuratively: alcohol

bottle /ˈbɑ.təl/ /ˈbɒ.təl/ v
butelkować
seal (a liquid) into a bottle for later consumption

bottle cap n
zakrętka
closure used to seal bottles

bottle crate n
skrzynka (na butelki)
a container used for transport of beverage containers

bottle episode /ˈbɑtəl ˈɛpəˌsoʊd/ /ˈbɒtəl ˈɛpɪsəʊd/ n
epizod butelkowy odcinek butelkowy
episode of a television series designed to be inexpensive

bottle green adj
butelkowozielony
of a dark green color

bottle green n
butelkowa zieleń
Dark green color

bottle opener n
otwieracz do butelek
device to open bottles

bottom /ˈbɑtəm/ /ˈbɒtəm/ n
tyłek zadek
euphemistic: buttocks or anus
dno
lowest part
character, reliability, staying power, dignity, integrity or sound judgment
dolina
valley

botulism /ˈbɑt͡ʃəlɪzəm/ /ˈbɒtjʊlɪzəm/ n
botulizm
medical condition

bougainvillea /ˌbu.ɡənˈvɪl.jə/ /ˌbuː.ɡənˈvɪl.ɪ.ə/ n
bugenwilla
flower

bough /baʊ/ /bə/ /bʌʊ/ n
gałąź konar
tree branch

bouillon cube n
kostka rosołowa rosołek
cube

boulder /ˈboʊldəɹ/ /ˈbəʊl.də(ɹ)/ n
głaz
large mass of stone

boulevard /ˈbuː.ləˌvɑːd/ /ˈbʊləvɑɹd/ n
bulwar aleja
broad, landscaped thoroughfare

bouncer /ˈbaʊnsə(ɹ)/ /ˈbaʊnsə˞/ n
bramkarz wykidajło
member of security personnel

bouncing castle /ˌbaʊnsɪŋ ˈkæsəl/ /ˌbaʊnsɪŋ ˈkɑːsəl/ n
dmuchany zamek
inflatable structure on which children jump and play

bound /ˈbaʊnd/ n
granica
boundary, border of territory

boundary /ˈbaʊndəɹi/ /ˈbaʊndɹi/ n
granica
dividing line or location between two areas

bounded /ˈbaʊndɪd/ adj
ograniczony
type of set

bounded function n
funkcja ograniczona
function

boundless adj
bezgraniczny
without bounds, unbounded

bounty hunter n
łowca nagród
person who catches criminals in return for a reward

bouquet /boʊˈkeɪ/ n
bukiet wiązanka
bunch of flowers

bourgeoisie /ˌbʊə(ɹ)ʒwɑːˈziː/ n
burżuazja mieszczaństwo
class

boutique /buːˈtiːk/ n
butik
a small shop, especially one that sells fashionable clothes, jewelry and the like

bouzouki n
buzuki
lute

bovarysm n
bovaryzm bowaryzm
anxiety to escape from an unsatisfactory social or sentimental condition

bovine /ˈboʊvaɪn/ /ˈbəʊ.vaɪn/ adj
bydlęcy
of, relating to or resembling cattle
gamoniowaty
sluggish, dull, slow-witted

bovine spongiform encephalopathy n
chorobą szalonych krów gąbczasta encefalopatia bydła
bovine spongiform encephalopathy

bovver boots n
glany
bovver boots

bow /baʊ/ /boʊ/ /bəʊ/ n
pokłon ukłon
gesture made by bending forward at the waist

bow /boʊ/ /bəʊ/ n
zagięcie zgięcie łuk
bend in a rod or planar surface
smyczek łuk
rod used for playing stringed instruments
kokarda
type of knot with two loops
łuk smyczek
weapon used for shooting arrows
dziób
front of a boat or ship

bow /baʊ/ /boʊ/ /bəʊ/ v
wygiąć
to become bent
zgiąć
to bend a thing
prowadzić smyczek
to play music on an instrument using a bow

bow /boʊ/ /bəʊ/ v
kłaniać pokłonić się skłonić
to bend oneself as a gesture of respect or deference

bow and arrow /bəʊ(.)ən(d.)æɹəʊ/ n
łuk i strzała
weapon

bow wow n
hau
sound of a dog barking

bowel /ˈbaʊ.əl/ n
jelito
large intestine

bower /baʊ.əɹ/ /bəʊ.əɹ/ n
buduar
a woman's bedroom or private apartments, especially in a medieval castle

bowfin n
amia miękławka
Amia calva

bowhead n
wal grenlandzki
Balaena mysticetus

bowl /boʊl/ /bəʊl/ n
misa
container for food

bowleg n
kolano szpotawe
leg that curves outward from the knee

bowler /ˈboʊ.lɚ/ /ˈbəʊ.lə/ n
kręglarz
one who engages in the sport of bowling

bowling /ˈboʊliŋ/ /ˈbəʊlɪŋ/ n
kręgle
a game played by rolling a ball down an alley

bowser n
dystrybutor paliwa
fuel pump

bowsprit /ˈbəʊspɹɪt/ n
bukszpryt
spar projecting over the prow of a sailing vessel

bowstring /ˈboʊstɹɪŋ/ /ˈbəʊstɹɪŋ/ n
cięciwa
string of an archer's bow

bowtie /boʊˈtaɪ/ /bəʊˈtaɪ/ n
muszka
necktie shaped like a bow

box /bɑks/ /bɒks/ n
ochraniacz na jądra
(cricket) hard protector for the genitals
pudło
(slang) television
loża
compartment to sit inside
pudełko pudło skrzynia futerał
cuboid space; container
budka
small rectangular shelter
bukszpan
shrub or tree of the genus Buxus

box /bɑks/ /bɒks/ v
zapakować
to place inside a box

boxer /ˈbɑːksɚ/ /ˈbɒksə/ n
bokser
breed of dog
participant in a boxing match

boxer shorts n
bokserki
underwear

boxing /ˈbɑːksɪŋ/ /ˈbɒksɪŋ/ n
boks
the sport of boxing

boxwood n
bukszpan
Buxus sempervirens
the hard, close-grained wood of this tree

boy /bɔɪ/ /bɔːə/ n
chłopiec chłopak
young male

boy band n
boys band boysband
pop group whose members are all young men

boyar /ˈbɔɪɑː/ n
bojar
rank of aristocracy

boycott /ˈbɔɪkɑt/ /ˈbɔɪkɒt/ n
bojkot
the act of boycotting

boycott /ˈbɔɪkɑt/ /ˈbɔɪkɒt/ v
bojkotować
to abstain from dealing with a person or organisation as a protest

boyfriend /ˈbɔɪˌfɹɛnd/ n
kumpel przyjaciel
male friend
chłopak przyjaciel sympatia
male partner in a romantic relationship

boyhood /ˈbɔɪˌhʊd/ n
chłopięctwo lata chłopięce
The state or period of being a boy

boyish adj
chłopięcy
like a boy

boykin /ˈbɔɪkən/ /ˈbɔɪkɪn/ n
chłopczyk chłopiec
a little boy

boys will be boys proverb
chłopcy zawsze będą chłopcami
boys are mischievous by nature

bra /bɹɑː/ n
biustonosz stanik
brassiere

bracelet /ˈbɹeɪslət/ n
bransoletka bransoleta
a band or chain worn around the wrist as jewelry or an ornament

braces /ˈbɹeɪsɪz/ n
aparat ortodontyczny, aparat na zęby
device for straightening teeth

brachiation n
brachiacja
movement by swinging arms between holds

brachiopod /ˈbɹækɪəˌpɒd/ n
ramienionóg
any of the many marine invertebrates of the phylum Brachiopoda

brachiosaurus n
brachiozaur
herbivorous dinosaur

bracken n
orlica
any of several coarse ferns

bracket /ˈbɹækɪt/ n
nawias
generically any of "(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}", "<" and ">"

bract n
przykwiatek
leaf or leaf-like structure

bracteole n
plewinka
a bract subtending an inflorescence whose stalk itself is subtended by a bract

braid /bɹeɪd/ n
warkocz
hairstyle
warkocz kosa
weave of three or more strands

braid /bɹeɪd/ v
pleść splatać spleść
to intertwine

braid group n
grupa warkoczy
braid group

brain /bɹeɪn/ n
mózg
organ
person providing intelligence
brains: intellect

brain drain n
drenaż mózgów
emigration of educated people

brain stem n
pień mózgu
part of the brain that connects the spinal cord to the forebrain and cerebrum

brainiac /ˈbɹeɪniæk/ n
mózgowiec
a very intelligent and usually studious, erudite person

brainless adj
bezmózgi
having no brain
unintelligent; having little or no common sense

brains /bɹeɪnz/ n
móżdżek
as food

brainstorming n
burza mózgów
method of problem solving

brainwash /ˈbɹeɪnwɒʃ/ n
pranie mózgu
effect upon one's memory, belief or ideas

brainwash /ˈbɹeɪnwɒʃ/ v
robić pranie mózgu
to affect one's mind

brake /bɹeɪk/ n
hamulec
device used to slow or stop a vehicle
something that slows or stops an action

brake /bɹeɪk/ v
hamować
to operate brakes

bramble /ˈbɹæmbəl/ n
jeżyna
blackberry

brambling n
jer
bird

bran /ˈbɹæn/ n
otręby
outside layer of a grain

branch /bɹæntʃ/ /bɹɑːntʃ/ n
gałąź dział
area in business or of knowledge, research
filia oddział
location of an organization with several locations
rozgałęzienie
part that divides like the branch of a tree
gałąź
woody part of a tree arising from the trunk

branch /bɹæntʃ/ /bɹɑːntʃ/ v
rozgałęziać się
to arise from the trunk or a larger branch of a tree
to jump to a different location in a program, especially as the result of a conditional statement
to produce branches

branched adj
rozgałęziony rozwidlony
Having branches

branding iron n
żegadło
bent piece of metal

brandish /ˈbɹændɪʃ/ v
wymachiwać
to move a weapon

bras d'honneur /ˌbɹɑ dɑˈnɝ/ /ˌbɹɑː dɒˈnɜː/ n
gest Kozakiewicza wał
obscene gesture

brash /bɹæʃ/ adj
nietaktowny

brass /bɹæs/ /bɹɑːs/ n
mosiądz
alloy of copper and zinc
instrument dęty blaszany
class of wind instruments
mosiężny
made of brass (attributive use)
łuska
spent shell casings

brass band n
orkiestra dęta
group of musicians who play brass instruments

brass knuckles n
kastet
weapon which reinforces the fist

brat /bɹat/ /bɹæt/ /bɹɑt/ n
bachor
a selfish, spoiled, or unruly child

brave /bɹeɪv/ adj
odważny
strong in the face of fear

bravery /ˈbɹeɪvəɹi/ n
odwaga śmiałość
being brave

bravo /ˈbɹɑvoʊ/ /ˈbɹɑːvəʊ/ interjection
brawo
interjection

brawl /bɹɑl/ /bɹɔl/ /bɹɔːl/ n
bijatyka bitka burda chryja draka napierdalanka
disorderly argument or fight

brawn /bɹɔːn/ n
muskularość
physical strength, muscularity

braze /bɹeɪz/ v
zgrzewać
The joining together of two metal pieces, without melting them, using heat and diffusion of a jointing alloy of capillary thickness

brazen /ˈbɹeɪzən/ adj
mosiężny
pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass

brazen bull n
byk Falarisa byk spiżowy byk sycylijski byk z brązu
ancient torture device consisting of a hollow brass bull where victims were imprisoned and burned to death

brazier /ˈbɹeɪ.ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹeɪ.ʒɚ/ /ˈbɹeɪʒəɹ/ n
brązownik
A worker in brass
koksiak koksownik
An upright standing or hanging metal bowl used for holding burning coal

brazil nut n
orzech brazylijski
nut
bertolecja orzesznica wyniosła
tree

breach [bɹiːtʃ] n
naruszenie
break of a law or obligation
wyłom wyrwa
gap

bread /bɹɛd/ n
chleb pieczywo
baked dough made from cereals
pieczywo chleb
countable: any variety of bread

bread and circuses /ˈbɹɛd ənd ˈsɜːkəsəz/ /ˈbɹɛd ənd ˈsɝkəsəz/ n
chleba i igrzysk
food and entertainment provided by the state

bread roll n
bułka
miniature round loaf of bread

breadbox n
chlebak
a container for storing bread

breadcrumb n
bułka tarta
tiny piece of bread

breadstick n
grissini paluch paluszek
slender loaf of crisp bread

breadth-first search n
przeszukiwanie wszerz
a search algorithm

break /bɹeɪk/ n
ucieczka
act of escaping
przerwa
rest or pause, usually from work
przełamanie
tennis: game won by receiving party

break /bɹeɪk/ v
złamać się łamać
intransitive, of a bone: to crack
połamać się rozbić się złamać się łamać się
intransitive: to separate into (to end up in) two or more pieces
złamać łamać
transitive: to cause (a bone) to crack
łamać złamać rozbijać
transitive: to separate into (to cause to end up in) two or more pieces

break a leg interjection
powodzenia! połamania nóg!
expression of best wishes to a performer

break bad /bɹeɪk bæd/ v
zejść na złą drogę
to go wrong, to turn toward immorality or crime

break in v
ujeździć ujeżdżać
to tame (a horse)

break one's fast v
jeść śniadanie
archaic: to eat breakfast

break ranks v
wyłamać się
military

break the ice /ˈbɹeɪk ði ˈaɪs/ v
przełamać lody
to start to get to know people, by avoiding awkwardness

break up v
zerwać
to end a relationship

break wind v
psuć powietrze puszczać gazy puścić gazy zepsuć powietrze
to fart

break-even point n
próg rentowności
The point where total costs equal total sales revenue

breakaway adj
oderwany
having broken away from a larger unit

breakdancing n
breakdance
Style of dance

breakfast /ˈbɹeɪkˌfæst/ /ˈbɹɛkfəst/ n
śniadanie
first meal of the day

breakfast /ˈbɹeɪkˌfæst/ /ˈbɹɛkfəst/ v
śniadać
to eat the morning meal

breaking news n
wiadomość z ostatniej chwili łamiąca wiadomość
news that just happened or is happening

breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪkθɹuː/ n
przełom
major progress

breakup /ˈbɹeɪkʌp/ n
rozstanie
termination of a friendship or a romantic relationship

breakwater /ˈbɹeɪkˌwɔːtə/ n
falochron
construction in or around a harbour

bream /bɹiːm/ /bɹɪm/ n
leszcz
Abramis brama
fish of the genus Abramis

breast /bɹɛst/ n
pierś biust cycek
milk-producing organ

breast cancer n
rak piersi
cancer of the breast

breastbone n
mostek
the central narrow bone in the front of the chest

breastfeed v
karmić piersią
feed a baby milk via the breasts

breastfeeding /ˈbɹɛstˌfidɪŋ/ n
karmienie piersią
activity

breastplate n
kirys napierśnik
armor
podpiersie podpiersień podpierśnik
horse tack

breath /bɹɛθ/ n
oddech oddychanie
act or process of breathing

breathe /bɹiːð/ v
oddychać swobodnie
figuratively: to live
oddychać odetchnąć
to draw air in and out
wdychać
to draw into lungs
oddychać
to exchange gases in similar way
szeptać
to whisper quietly

breathing /ˈbɹiːðɪŋ/ n
oddychanie oddech
act of respiration

breeches /ˈbɹiːtʃɪz/ /ˈbɹɪtʃɪz/ n
bryczesy
a garment worn by men, covering the hips and thighs

breed /bɹiːd/ n
gatunek
all animals or plants of the same species or subspecies
rasa
race or lineage

breed /bɹiːd/ v
hodować
to keep animals and have them reproduce
to propagate or grow plants
płodzić rozmnażać się
to sexually produce offspring
hodować wychowywać
to take care of in infancy and through childhood

breeder /ˈbɹiːdə(ɹ)/ n
hodowca hodowczyni
(professional) plant or animal breeder

breeze /bɹiːz/ n
bryza lekki powiew wiaterek wicherek wietrzyk zefirek
a light, gentle wind

brethren /ˈbɹɛðɹən/ n
bractwo
the body of members

breviary /ˈbɹiː.və.ɹi/ /ˈbɹɛv.i.ɛɹ.i/ /ˈbɹɛv.ɪ.əɹ.i/ n
brewiarz
a book containing prayers and hymns

brew /bɹuː/ v
warzyć

brewer /ˈbɹuː.ə(ɹ)/ n
piwowar
someone who brews

brewery /ˈbɹuːəɹi/ n
browar
building where beer is produced
company that brews beer

brewski n
browar
informal: beer

briar /bɹʌɪə/ /ˈbɹaɪə(ɹ)/ n
wrzosiec
any thorny plant

bribe /bɹaɪb/ n
łapówka
inducement to dishonesty

bribe /bɹaɪb/ v
dawać łapówkę
to give a bribe

bribetaker n
łapownik
a person who takes bribes

brick /bɹɪk/ adj
ceglany
made of brick(s)

brick /bɹɪk/ n
cegła
hardened block used for building
a building material

brick red adj
ceglasty
colour

bricker n
cegielnik ceglarz
someone who makes bricks

bricklayer n
murarz
craftsman

brickyard n
cegielnia
factory where bricks are produced or distributed

bride /bɹaɪd/ n
panna młoda narzeczona niewiasta
woman in the context of her own wedding

bride price n
wiano
sum paid to the family of the bride

bridegroom /ˈbɹaɪdˌɡɹuːm/ n
pan młody nowożeniec
bridegroom, groom

bridesmaid /ˈbɹaɪdzˌmeɪd/ n
druhna
woman who attends the bride at a wedding ceremony

bridge /bɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
grzbiet most
bony ridge of the nose
most
construction or natural feature that spans a divide
communications
mostek kapitański most
nautical
most mostek
replacement for teeth
brydż
card game

bridgehead /ˈbɹɪdʒhɛd/ n
przyczółek
area of ground on the enemy's side of an obstacle

bridle /ˈbɹaɪdəl/ n
ogłowie uzda tranzelka
headgear for horse

bridle /ˈbɹaɪdəl/ v
żachnąć się
to show hostility

bridled tern n
rybitwa brunatnogrzbieta
Onychoprion anaethetus

brief /bɹiːf/ adj
zwięzły
concise
krótki
of short duration

briefcase /ˈbɹiːfˌkeɪs/ n
teczka aktówka
case used for carrying documents

briefs /bɹiːfs/ n
majtki gacie gatki slipy
male underwear

brig n
bryg
two-masted vessel

brigand /ˈbɹɪɡ.ənd/ n
bandyta zbój
bandit

brigantine n
brygantyna
square-rigged foremast with main mast rigged fore-and-aft, sailing vessel

brill /bɹɪl/ n
nagład
Scophthalmus rhombus

brilliant /ˈbɹɪljənt/ adj
genialny
highly intelligent
świetny znakomity
of surpassing excellence
błyszczący
shining brightly

bring /ˈbɹɪŋ/ v
przynieść przynosić przywieść przywieźć przywodzić przywozić
to transport toward somebody/somewhere

bring about v
dokonywać
To accomplish
powodować wywoływać
To cause to take place

bring forward v
przesunąć na wcześniejszy termin przyspieszyć
make happen earlier

bring home the bacon v
przynosić mamuta do domu
to make a living

bring up v
wychować wychowywać
to raise children

brioche /ˈbriːɒʃ/ n
brioche brioszka
type of bun

brisk /bɹɪsk/ adj
energiczny
full of liveliness and activity

bristle /ˈbɹɪs.l̩/ /ˈbɹʌs.l̩/ n
włosie
hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.
szczecina sierść
stiff or coarse hair

bristle /ˈbɹɪs.l̩/ /ˈbɹʌs.l̩/ v
zjeżyć się
to be on one's guard
najeżyć
to rise or stand erect, like bristle

brittle /ˈbɹɪtl̩/ adj
kruchy
able to break or snap easily under stress or pressure

brittle star n
wężowidło
echinoderms

bro /bɹoʊ/ /bɹəʊ/ n
brach braciak
a male comrade or friend; one who shares one’s ideals

broad bean n
bób
edible bean that has broad seeds

broad-billed sandpiper n
biegus płaskodzioby
Calidris falcinellus

broad-shouldered adj
barczysty
having broad shoulders

broad-winged hawk n
myszołów szerokoskrzydły
Buteo platypterus

broadcast /ˈbɹɑdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔːdkɑːst/ n
audycja
programme transmitted
emisja
transmission of a radio or television programme

broadcast /ˈbɹɑdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔdkæst/ /ˈbɹɔːdkɑːst/ v
nadawać
to transmit a message or signal through radio waves or electronic means

broadcaster n
nadawca
organisation

broadcloth n
sukno
fine smooth-faced woolen cloth

broadside n
salwa burtowa
one side of a warship

brocade /bɹəˈkeɪd/ n
brokat
fabric

broccoli /ˈbɹɑ.kə.li/ /ˈbɹɒ.kə.li/ n
brokuł
plant Brassica oleracea var. italica

brochure /bɹoʊˈʃʊɚ/ /ˈbɹəʊ.ʃə(ɹ)/ n
broszura ulotka
booklet of printed informational matter

broiler chicken n
brojler

broke /bɹoʊk/ /bɹəʊk/ adj
spłukany
lacking money; bankrupt

broken /ˈbɹəʊkən/ adj
powyłamywany połamany
fragmented

broken heart n
złamane serce
feeling of grief or loss

broken-down adj
uszkodzony
no longer in working order

broker /ˈbɹoʊkɚ/ /ˈbɹəʊkə/ n
makler pośrednik
mediator between a buyer and seller

bromatology /bɹəʊməˈtɒlədʒi/ n
bromatologia
study of food

bromide /ˈbɹoʊ.maɪd/ /ˈbɹəʊ.maɪd/ n
bromek
chemistry: binary compound of bromine and another element

bromine /ˈbɹoʊmin/ /ˈbɹəʊmaɪn/ /ˈbɹəʊmɪn/ n
brom
nonmetallic chemical element

bromoacetone n
bromoaceton
CH₃-CO-CH₂Br

bromoform n
bromoform
CHBr₃

bronchitis /bɹɒŋˈkaɪtɪs/ n
zapalenie oskrzeli bronchit
inflammation of the lungs

bronchoscopy n
bronchoskopia
technique

bronze /bɹɑnz/ /bɹɒnz/ adj
brązowy
having a bronze colour
made of bronze

bronze /bɹɑnz/ /bɹɒnz/ n
brąz
alloy
colour

bronze medal n
brązowy medal
medal made of, or having the colour of, bronze

brooch /bɹoʊtʃ/ /bɹəʊtʃ/ n
brosza broszka
jewellery with pin

brood mare n
klacz rozpłodowa
mare used for breeding

broody /ˈbɹuːdi/ n
nieśna
female bird in the condition to incubate eggs

brook /bɹuːk/ /bɹʊk/ n
strumyk
a small stream

broom /bɹuːm/ n
janowiec
Fabaceae shrub
miotła szczotka
domestic utensil

broom /bɹuːm/ v
zamiatać
to sweep

broomrape n
zaraza
plant of the genus Orobanche

broth /bɹɑθ/ /bɹɒθ/ /bɹɔθ/ n
rosół bulion
water in which food (meat or vegetable etc) has been boiled
soup made from broth

brothel /ˈbɹɑθəl/ /ˈbɹɒθəl/ /ˈbɹɔθəl/ n
burdel dom publiczny
house of prostitution

brother /ˈbɹɐðɘ(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹʌvə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹʌðə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɹʌðɚ/ n
brat
male having parents in common
male sibling
male fellow member of a religious community
peer

brother-in-arms n
towarzysz broni
fellow combatant or soldier

brother-in-law /ˈbɹʌðəɹ ɪn ˌlɔː/ /ˈbɹʌðɚ ɪn ˌlɑ/ /ˈbɹʌðɚ ɪn ˌlɔ/ n
szwagier dziewierz
one's husband's brother
szwagier
one's sister's husband
one's wife's brother
one's husband's sister's husband
one's wife's sister's husband

brotherhood /ˈbɹʌðɚhʊd/ n
bractwo
an association of any purpose, a fraternity
braterstwo
state of being brothers or a brother

brotherly /ˈbɹʌð.ə.li/ /ˈbɹʌð.ɚ.li/ adj
braterski
of or characteristic of brothers

browbeat /ˈbɹaʊ.biːt/ v
zastraszać zastraszyć
to bully in an intimidating way

brown /bɹaʊn/ adj
brązowy brąz
having a brown colour

brown /bɹaʊn/ n
brąz brązowy
colour

brown bear n
niedźwiedź brunatny
Ursus arctos

brown bread n
ciemne pieczywo
type of bread

brown dwarf n
brązowy karzeł
starlike object

brown noser n
wdupowłaz
one who brownnoses

brown rat n
szczur wędrowny
Rattus norvegicus

brownish /ˈbɹaʊnɪʃ/ adj
brązowawy
of a colour which resembles brown; somewhat brown

browse /bɹaʊz/ v
przeglądać
navigate through hyperlinked documents
scan, casually look through

brr /ʙ̩ː/ interjection
brr
expression to show shivering

bruise /bɹuːz/ n
obicie
mark on fruit or vegetable
siniak siniec stłuczenie
medical: mark on the skin

brunette /bɹuˈnɛt/ /bɹuːnɛt/ n
brunetka brunet bruneta
A person, especially female, with brown or black hair

bruschetta /bɹuˈʃɛtə/ /bɹʊˈskɛtə/ n
bruschetta
Italian toasted bread topped with garlic and tomatoes

brush /bɹʌʃ/ n
czesanie szczotkowanie
act of brushing
kita
furry tail
szczotka
implement
electrical contact

brush /bɹʌʃ/ v
szczotkować
to clean (with a brush)

brush up v
odświeżać odświeżyć
to improve a rusty or underdeveloped skill

brushwood n
chrust
fallen branches and twigs
zarośla
small trees and shrubs

brusque /bɹuːsk/ /bɹʌsk/ adj
opryskliwy szorstki
rudely abrupt, unfriendly

brutality n
brutalność
a state of being brutal

brute /bɹuːt/ n
bestia
animal destitute of human reason
brutal
brutal person

bruxism /ˈbrʌksɪz(ə)m/ /ˈbɹʌksɪzəm/ n
bruksizm
habit or practice of grinding the teeth

bubble /ˈbʌb.əl/ n
bańka
spherically contained volume of air or other gas

bubble wrap n
folia bąbelkowa folia pęcherzykowa
cushioning material

buccaneer /ˌbʌkəˈnɪə(ɹ)/ n
bukanier kaper korsarz
a group of seamen
bukanier korsarz pirat
pirate

bucket /ˈbʌkɪt/ n
wiadro kubeł ceber
container

buckle /ˈbʌk(ə)l/ n
sprzączka
belt clasp

buckthorn n
szakłak
plant of the genus Rhamnus

buckwheat /ˈbʌkwiːt/ n
gryka
fruit of this plant as cereal
Fagopyrum esculentum plant

bud /bʌd/ n
pączek pąk
newly formed leaf or flower that has not yet unfolded

buddy /bʌd.i/ n
kumpel
friend or casual acquaintance
kolega koleś
informal address to a stranger
kolega
partner for a particular activity

budge /bʌdʒ/ v
poruszyć przesunąć
transitive: to move

budgerigar n
papużka falista
species of parakeet

budget /ˈbʌdʒ.ɪt/ adj
tani
appropriate to a restricted budget
budżetowy
of, or relating to a budget

budget /ˈbʌdʒ.ɪt/ n
budżet preliminarz
amount of money or resources
preliminarz budżet
itemized summary of intended expenditure

budget /ˈbʌdʒ.ɪt/ v
gospodarować
plan for the use of in a budget

budyonovka n
budionowka
Red Army hat

buff-breasted sandpiper n
biegus płowy
Calidris subruficollis

buffalo /ˈbʌf.ə.loʊ/ /ˈbʌf.əl.əʊ/ n
bizon bawół
North American bison
bawół
Old World mammals

buffalo /ˈbʌf.ə.loʊ/ /ˈbʌf.əl.əʊ/ v
polować na bawoły
hunt buffalo

buffer /ˈbafə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʌfə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʌfɚ/ n
bufor
portion of memory in computing
solution to stabilize pH

bufflehead /ˈbʌfəlhɛd/ n
gągołek
a duck in the goldeneye genus, Bucephala albeola

buffoon /bəˈfuːn/ n
pajac
one who acts in a silly or ridiculous fashion

bug /bʌɡ/ n
owad insekt robak robal
a colloquial name for insect
logo
a small image placed in a corner of a television program
pluskwa
an electronic listening device
pluskwiak
an insect of the order Hemiptera
bug byk błąd
problem that needs fixing (especially in computing)

bug /bʌɡ/ v
wkurzać
to annoy
podkładać pluskwę podłożyć pluskwę zakładać pluskwę założyć pluskwę
to install an electronic listening device in

bugger /ˈbʌɡə/ /ˈbʌɡɚ/ n
skurwysyn
slang: someone viewed with affection

bugger /ˈbʌɡə/ /ˈbʌɡɚ/ v
cwelić przecwelić
to have anal intercourse with
pierdolić rozpierdalać rozpierdolić spierdolić
to ruin

bughouse chess n
Kloc
variant of chess

bugle n
róg
music: simple brass instrument

build /bɪld/ n
kompilacja
any version of a software during its development
budowa ciała
physique

build /bɪld/ v
budować stawiać wznosić postawić wybudować wznieść
(transitive) to form by combining materials or parts

builder /ˈbɪl.də/ /ˈbɪl.dɚ/ n
budowlaniec budowniczy
a person who builds or constructs things

building /ˈbɪldɪŋ/ n
budowa budować
act or process of building
budynek budowla gmach dom
closed structure with walls and a roof

bukkake /buˈkɑː.ki/ n
bukkake
act of multiple people ejaculating on someone

bulb /bʌlb/ n
cebulka cebula
bulb-shaped root

bulbil n
bulwka
bulb-shaped bud

bulbul /ˈbʊlbʊl/ n
bilbil
bird of the family Pycnonotidae

bulge /bʌldʒ/ n
wypukłość
Something sticking out

bulgur /ˈbʌlɡə(ɹ)/ n
bulgur
Middle Eastern food

bulimia /bjuˈlimi.ə/ n
bulimia nervosa żarłoczność psychiczna
eating disorder

bulk /bʌlk/ n
masa objętość wielkość
volume

bulkhead n
gródź
partition on ship
partition on air- or spacecraft

bulky /ˈbʌlki/ adj
masywny
large in size, mass, or volume

bull /ˈbʊl/ n
byk
uncastrated adult male bovine
adult male animal
bulla
document

bull run n
encierro
event in which people run with bulls in the streets

bulldog /ˈbʊldɑɡ/ /ˈbʊldɒɡ/ /ˈbʊldɔɡ/ n
buldog
breed of dog

bulldozer /ˈbʊldoʊzɚ/ n
spycharka buldożer
tractor

bullet /ˈbʊl.ɪt/ n
pocisk kula
projectile

bulletproof /bʊl.ɪtpɹuːf/ adj
kuloodporny
capable of withstanding a bullet

bullfight n
korrida
public spectacle

bullfinch n
gil
Pyrrhula pyrrhula

bullroarer n
czurynga
musical instrument

bullseye /ˈbʊlzaɪ/ n
bulaj
thick glass set into the side of a ship to let in light

bullshit /ˈbʊlʃɪt/ interjection
gówno prawda! pierdolisz!
expression of disbelief

bullshit /ˈbʊlʃɪt/ n
bzdura gówno prawda pieprzenie pierdolenie pierdoły sranie
deceitful statements, etc

bullshit /ˈbʊlʃɪt/ v
pieprzyć pierdolić
to have casual conversation with no real point
to tell lies, exaggerate

bully /ˈbʊli/ v
znęcać się
to intimidate

bullying /ˈbʊl.i.ɪŋ/ n
znęcanie się
act of intimidating a person

bulwark /ˈbʊl.wək/ /ˈbʊl.wɝk/ n
falochron
a breakwater
szaniec wał
a defensive wall or rampart

bum /bʌm/ n
pupa
informal: buttocks or anus

bum wine n
alpaga jabol siara
cheap, low-quality wine

bumblebee /ˈbʌmbl̩bi/ n
trzmiel
genus of bee

bumfuck nowhere pn
pierdziszewo wypiździejewo zadupie
the middle of nowhere

bump /bʌmp/ n
stłuczka
a light blow or jolting collision
wybój
a protuberance on a level surface
guz
a swelling on the skin caused by illness or injury
bum łup
the sound of such a collision
brzuch
the swollen abdomen of a pregnant woman

bumper /ˈbʌmpə(ɹ)/ n
zderzak
impact absorber on a vehicle
mechanical device to absorb impact

bun /bʌn/ n
drożdżówka kołaczyk
A small bread roll, often sweetened or spiced
kok
A tight roll of hair worn at the back of the head

bunch /ˈbʌntʃ/ n
grono kiść
a cluster of grapes
bukiet kiść pęk
a group of similar things
paczka
an informal body of friends

bundle /ˈbʌnd(ə)l/ n
pęczek
biology: cluster of closely bound muscle or nerve fibres
kupa
colloquial: large amount, especially of money
pęk wiązka
group of objects held together by wrapping or tying
ryza austriacka
quantity of paper

bungee /ˈbʌn.d͡ʒi/ n
bungee
elastic strap for securing luggage

bunk /bʌŋk/ n
koja
built-in bed on board a ship

bunk bed n
łóżko piętrowe
two or more beds fixed on top of one another

bunny /ˈbʌni/ n
króliczek
women in a costume of rabbit ears and tail
young rabbit

bunny girl n
króliczek
club hostess in provocative costume suggestive of a rabbit

bunny slope n
ośla łączka
novice ski and snowboard area

buoy /ˈbuːiː/ /ˈbwɔɪ/ /ˈbɔɪ/ n
boja pława
moored float

bupleurum n
przewiercień
plant of the genus Bupleurum

bur-reed n
jeżogłówka
a marsh plant

burbot /ˈbɜ(ɹ).bət/ n
miętus
a freshwater fish: Lota lota

burden /ˈbɜːdn/ /ˈbɝdn/ n
ciężar brzemię
cause of worry
brzemię ciężar
heavy load
brzemię
responsibility, onus

burden /ˈbɜːdn/ /ˈbɝdn/ v
obarczać obciążać
encumber

burdensome /ˈbəː.dən.səm/ /ˈbɝ.dən.səm/ adj
uciążliwy
of or like a burden; arduous or demanding

burdock /ˈbɜːdɒk/ /ˈbɝːdɑːk/ n
łopian łopuch
any of the species of biennial thistles in the genus Arctium

bureau /ˈbjʊɹ.oʊ/ /ˈbjʊɹ.ə/ /ˈbjʊɹ.əʊ/ n
biurko biurka
desk
biuro biura
office (room)

bureau de change /ˈbjʊəɹ.əʊ.dəˌʃɒ̃ʒ/ n
kantor kantor walutowy
a place where foreign currency can be exchanged

bureaucracy /bjʊəˈɹɒkɹəsi/ /bjʊˈɹɑːkɹəsi/ n
biurokracja
system of administration
government by bureaus

bureaucrat /ˈbjʊəɹəkɹæt/ /ˈbjʊɹəkɹæt/ n
biurokrata
An official in a bureaucracy

burgeon /ˈbɜː.d͡ʒən/ /ˈbɝː.d͡ʒən/ v
pączkować rozkwitać
of plants, to bloom, bud
rozkwitać
to grow or expand
pęcznieć
to swell to the point of bursting

burgher /ˈbɝɡɚ/ n
mieszczanin
citizen of a borough or town
burżuj
prosperous member of the community

burglar /ˈbɜːɡlə(ɹ)/ /ˈbɝɡlɚ/ n
włamywacz włamywaczka

burglary /ˈbɜː(ɹ)ɡləɹi/ n
kradzież z włamaniem
the crime of breaking into

burgrave /ˈbɜɹɡɹeɪv/ /ˈbɜːɡɹeɪv/ n
burgrabia
governor

burgundy /ˈbəː.ɡən.dɪ/ /ˈbɝ.ɡən.di/ adj
burgundowy
color

burial /ˈbɛɹiəl/ /ˈbɛɹɪəl/ /ˈbɝiəl/ n
pogrzeb pochówek
interment

buried /ˈbɛ.ɹid/ adj
pogrzebany
Placed in a grave at a burial

burka n
burka
female garment that covers the whole body

burlak n
burłak
a man employed in dragging ships upstream

burlesque /bə(ɹ)ˈlɛsk/ n
burleska
parody
variety adult entertainment show

burn /bɜːn/ /bɝn/ n
palenie spalenie
act of burning something
oparzenie poparzenie
physical injury

burn /bɜːn/ /bɝn/ v
wypalać nagrywać wypalić
computing: to write data
pojazd wjazd
slang: to insult or defeat
płonąć palić się palić
to be consumed by fire
przypalić się spalić się
to become overheated
spalić
to betray
to overheat so as to make unusable
palić spalić
to cause to be consumed by fire
płonąć palić
to feel hot due to embarrassment
oparzyć palić
to injure with heat or chemicals
marnować stracić tracić zmarnować
to waste

burn down v
spalić doszczętnie
cause a structure to burn to nothing

burn one's bridges v
palić za sobą mosty
burn one's bridges

burn the candle at both ends v
pracować od świtu do nocy
work hard night and day

burner /ˈbɜːnə/ /ˈbɝnɚ/ n
nagrywarka
computing: device that allows data or music to be stored on a CD
palnik
element on a kitchen stove

burnet n
krwiściąg
herb

burning bush n
krzew gorejący
biblical object

burnisher n
froterka
implement

burnoose /bɜːˈnuːs/ /bɝˈnus/ n
burnus
a thick hooded cloak

burnout n
wypalenie
experience of long-term exhaustion

burp /bɝp/ n
beknięcie
a softer belch

burp /bɝp/ v
bekać beknąć
to emit a burp

burr /bɝ/ n
grasejowanie reranie
mispronouncion of "r"

burr /bɝ/ v
grasejować rerać
to pronounce "r"

burrito /bəˈɹi.toʊ/ /bəˈɹiː.təʊ/ n
burito burrito
Mexican dish

burrow /ˈbɜɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹəʊ/ n
nora jama tunel
a tunnel or hole

burrow /ˈbɜɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹoʊ/ /ˈbʌɹəʊ/ v
kopać
to dig a hole

burst /bɜːst/ /bɝst/ v
pękać pęknąć rozsadzać
to break from internal pressure

burst into tears v
rozpłakać się
suddenly start crying

bury /ˈbɛ.ɹi/ /ˈbʊ.ɹi/ /ˈbʌ.ɹi/ v
zakopywać zakopać
hide or conceal as if by covering with earth
place in the ground
chować grzebać pochować pogrzebać
inter a corpse in a grave or tomb

bury one's head in the sand v
chować głowę w piasek
to deliberately ignore the reality of a situation

bury the hatchet v
zakopać topór wojenny
to stop fighting or arguing

bus /bɐs/ /bɔs/ /bʊs/ /bʌs/ n
magistrala szyna
electrical conductor
autobus autokar
vehicle

bus station n
dworzec autobusowy
major bus stop, one that serves as a transfer point between a large number of routes

bus stop n
przystanek autobusowy przystanek
a stop for public transport buses

busbar n
szyna prądowa szynoprzewód
electrical conductor

bush /bʊʃ/ n
krzak krzew
category of woody plant

bush hammer n
groszkownik
a square-headed hammer with spikes

bushido n
bushido
ethical code of the samurai

business /ˈbɪd.nəs/ /ˈbɪz.nəs/ /ˈbɪz.nɪs/ n
interes firma biznes
commercial enterprise or establishment
biznes
commercial, industrial or professional activity
zajęcie zawód
occupation, work or trade of a person
interes sprawa
something involving one personally

business before pleasure proverb
najpierw obowiązek, potem przyjemność
discharging one's obligations should come before one's own gratification

business card n
wizytówka
small card

business plan n
biznesplan
summary

businessman /ˈbɪznəsmæn/ /ˈbɪznəsmən/ n
przedsiębiorca biznesmen człowiek interesów
a man in business, one who works at a commercial institution

businesswoman n
biznesmenka bizneswoman bizneswomen businesswoman
woman of business

bust /ˈbʌst/ n
biust popiersie
breasts and upper thorax of a woman
popiersie biust
sculptural portrayal of a person's head and shoulders
nalot
act of arresting someone for a crime, or raiding a suspected criminal operation
fiasko klapa
failed enterprise

bustard /ˈbʌs.təd/ n
drop
any of several birds of the family Otididae

busted /ˈbʌstəd/ adj
przyłapany
caught in the act
spłukany
having no money

busty /ˈbʌsti/ adj
biuściasta biuściasty cycata cycaty piersiasta piersiasty
having large breasts

busy /ˈbɪzi/ adj
skomplikowany
complicated
zajęty
doing a great deal
engaged

but /bət/ /bʊt/ /bʌt/ conjunction
ale chociaż
although
oprócz z wyjątkiem
except
ale
rather

butane /ˈbjuːteɪn/ n
butan
the organic compound

butch /bʊtʃ/ adj
twardziel
of a man

butcher /ˈbʊtʃ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʊt͡ʃ.ɚ/ n
rzeźnik masarz
a person who prepares and sells meat

butcher /ˈbʊtʃ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʊt͡ʃ.ɚ/ v
rujnować
To ruin something
masakrować
to kill brutally

butcher's /ˈbʊtʃə(ɹ)z/ n
masarnia
butcher’s shop

butene n
buten
any of several forms of butylene

butler /ˈbʌt.lə(ɹ)/ /ˈbʌt.lɚ/ n
kamerdyner
chief male servant

butt /bʌt/ n
dupa tyłek zadek
buttocks
kolba
larger or thicker end of anything; blunt end
niedopałek pet
remnant of a smoked cigarette or cigar
skóra
slang: body; self

butt-fucking adj
jebanie w dupę pierdolenie w dupę ruchanie w dupę rżnięcie w dupę
Engaging in anal sex
anal sex

butter /ˈbʊtə/ /ˈbʌtə/ /ˈbʌtəɹ/ /ˈbʌtɚ/ n
masło
soft foodstuff made from milk
other foodstuffs like butter

butter /ˈbʊtə/ /ˈbʌtə/ /ˈbʌtəɹ/ /ˈbʌtɚ/ v
smarować masłem
to spread butter on

butter dish n
maselniczka
specialised dish in which butter is served

butterbur n
lepiężnik
herb

buttercup /ˈbʌt.ə.kʌp/ /ˈbʌt.ɚ.kʌp/ n
jaskier
herb of the genus Ranunculus

butterfly /ˈbʌtə(ɹ)flaɪ/ [ˈbʌtəflaɪ] [ˈbʌɾɚflaɪ] n
motyl
insect

butterfly effect n
efekt motyla
technical notion of sensitive dependence on initial conditions in chaos theory

butterfly stroke n
delfin motylek styl motylkowy
swimming stroke

buttermilk /ˈbʌtəˌmɪlk/ /ˈbʌtɚˌmɪlk/ n
maślanka
traditional buttermilk

butterwort n
tłustosz
plant of the genus Pinguicula

buttery /ˈbʌtəɹi/ adj
maślany
made with or tasting of butter

buttock /ˈbʌtək/ n
pośladek
each of the two large fleshy halves of the posterior part of the body

button /ˈbʌtn̩/ n
guzik przycisk
a mechanical device meant to be pressed with a finger
przycisk guzik
in computer software, an on-screen control that can be selected
guzik
knob or small disc serving as a fastener
botany: a bud

button /ˈbʌtn̩/ v
zapinać
to fasten with a button

buttonhole n
dziurka od guzika
hole for a button

buttress /ˈbʌtɹəs/ /ˈbʌtɹɪs/ n
podpora
anything that serves to support something
przypora
brick or stone structure built against another structure to support it

butyrate n
maślan
any salt or ester of butyric acid

butyric acid n
kwas masłowy
normal butyric acid

buy /baɪ/ v
kupować kupić
to obtain something with money

buyer /ˈbaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ n
kupiec kupcowa kupująca kupujący
person who makes purchases

buzz /bʌz/ n
faza
feeling of energy or excitement
bzyczenie gwar wrzawa
humming noise

buzzard /ˈbʌzəɹd/ n
myszołów
bird of the genus Buteo
piernik zgred
slang or derogatory term for a person

buzzer /ˈbʌzə/ /ˈbʌzəɹ/ n
brzęczyk
device

buzzword n
buzzword
word drawn from or imitative of technical jargon

by /baɪ/ preposition
według
indicates a rule followed
przez
indicates creator of a work
indication of passive voice
o
indicating amount of progression
przy obok
near, or next to
do
not later than
po za
steady progression
na
with the authority of

by all means
zdecydowanie
emphatically yes, definitely

by chance
przypadkowo
unexpected(ly); accidental(ly)

by hand
ręcznie
manually

by heart /baɪ ˈhɑɹt/ /baɪ ˈhɑːt/
na pamięć
knowing completely

by means of preposition
przy pomocy za pomocą
By using

by oneself
sam sam z siebie samo-
without help

by the Grace of God
z Bożej łaski
By divine right

by the way
à propos przy okazji swoją drogą tak w ogóle
incidentally

by-election n
wybory uzupełniające
special election

bylaw /ˈbaɪ.lɑ/ /ˈbaɪ.lɔ/ /ˈbaɪ.lɔː/ n
statut
law or rule governing the internal affairs of an organization
prawo miejscowe
local custom or law
rozporządzenie władz lokalnych
rule made by a local authority

bylina /bəˈliːnə/ n
bylina
traditional East Slavic oral epic narrative poem

bypass /ˈbaɪpæs/ /ˈbaɪpɑːs/ n
obwodnica
road

byproduct n
produkt uboczny
secondary or additional product

bystander n
naoczny świadek
a person who, although present at some event, does not take part in it; an observer or spectator

byte /baɪt/ n
bajt
unit

bête noire /beɪtˈnwɑː/ /bɛt ˈnwɑɹ/ n
czarny lud
an anathema

ca. adv
ca ok.
abbreviation of circa

cabana n
cabana kabina plażowa
a cabin or hut, shelter on a beach

cabaret /kæbəˈreɪ/ n
kabaret
live entertainment held in a restaurant or nightclub

cabbage /ˈkæbɪdʒ/ n
sałata
money
warzywo
person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage
kapusta
plant
leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable

cabin /ˈkæbɪn/ n
kajuta
private room on a ship
kabina
section of passenger plane having same class of service
chata
small dwelling, especially one made of logs

cabinet /ˈkæ.bə.nət/ /ˈkæ.bɪ.nɪt/ n
rada ministrów gabinet rząd
group of ministers

cabinetmaker n
stolarz
skilled woodworker

cable /keɪ.bl/ n
kabel przewód
assembly of wires for electricity
large wire, rope
lina
heavy rope or chain as used for mooring
depesza telegram
telegram

cable car n
kolej linowa kolejka linowa
hanging carriage

cable internet n
internet kablowy
internet connectivity received through coaxial cables

cable modem n
modem kablowy
A modem that connects a personal computer to a fibre optic cable

cable television n
kablówka telewizja kablowa
television received through coaxial cables

cable-stayed bridge n
most wantowy
bridge supported by cables attached directly to pillars

cacao /kəˈkaʊ̯/ /kəˈkɑːəʊ̯/ n
kakaowiec
cacao tree
kakao
cocoa bean

cache /kæɪʃ/ /kæʃ/ n
pamięć podręczna bufor
computing: fast temporary storage for data
schowek
store

cachexia /kəˈkɛksiə/ /kəˈkɛksɪə/ n
charłactwo kacheksja wyniszczenie
systemic wasting of muscle tissue that accompanies a chronic disease

caciocavallo n
kaszkawał
Italian cheese type

cackle /ˈkækəl/ n
gdakanie
cry of a hen or goose, especially when laying an egg

cackle /ˈkækəl/ v
gdakać
to make a sharp, broken noise or cry, as a hen or goose does

cacophony /kəˈkɑfəni/ /kəˈkɒfəni/ n
kakofonia
mix of discordant sounds; dissonance

cactus /ˈkæktəs/ n
kaktus
member of the Cactaceae

cad /kæd/ n
cham chamka gbur gburka
person who stands at door

cadaver /kəˈdæv.ə(ɹ)/ /kəˈdævɚ/ n
zwłoki
a dead body

cadaverine n
kadaweryna
foul-smelling diamine

caddie /ˈkædi/ n
caddie
golf: a golfer's assistant and adviser
puszka
a small box usually used for tea

caddis fly n
chruścik
insect of the order Trichoptera

cadence /ˈkeɪ.dn̩s/ n
kadencja
music: chord progression

cadmium /ˈkædmiəm/ n
kadm
chemical element

caesaropapism n
cezaropapizm
the doctrine that the state has authority over the church in ecclesiastical matters

caesium /ˈsiːzi.əm/ n
cez
a metallic chemical element

cafeteria n
stołówka
dining area
kafeteria stołówka
restaurant

caffeine /ˈkæfiːn/ n
kofeina
alkaloid found naturally in tea and coffee plants

café /ˈkæfeɪ/ /ˌkæˈfeɪ/ n
kawiarnia
coffee shop

cage /keɪdʒ/ n
klatka
enclosure

caiman /ˈkeɪ.mən/ n
kajman
alligator relative

cake /keɪk/ n
ciasto tort ciastko
a sweet dessert

cake shop /ˈkeɪk ʃɑp/ /ˈkeɪk ʃɒp/ n
ciastkarnia cukiernia
cake shop

calabash /ˈkæləbæʃ/ /ˈkæləˌbæʃ/ n
tykwa
Lagenaria siceraria
fruit of the Lagenaria siceraria

calamint n
kalaminta
herb

calandra lark n
calhandra-real kalandra szara
Melanocorypha calandra

calcareous adj
wapienny
resembling or containing limestone

calcite /ˈkæl.saɪt/ n
kalcyt
calcium carbonate mineral

calcium /ˈkælsi.əm/ n
wapń
chemical element of atomic number 20

calcium carbonate n
węglan wapnia
CaCO₃

calculate /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ v
kalkulować wyliczać
(transitive) to determine the value or solution of sth.

calculation /kælkjuˈleɪʃən/ /kælkjəˈleɪʃən/ n
obliczenie obrachunek
act or process of calculating

calculator /ˈkæl.kjə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
kalkulator
electronic device that performs mathematical calculations
mechanical device that performs mathematical calculations

calculus /ˈkæl.kjə.ləs/ /ˈkæl.kjʊ.ləs/ n
kamień nazębny
deposits on teeth
rachunek różniczkowy i całkowy
differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject
rachunek
formal mathematical system

calculus of variations n
rachunek wariacyjny
a form of calculus

caldera /kælˈdɛə.ɹə/ /kælˈdɛɹ.ə/ n
kaldera
geology: a large crater formed by a volcanic explosion

calendar /ˈkæl.ən.də/ /ˈkæl.ən.dɚ/ n
kalendarz
means to determine the date
system by which time is divided
list of planned events

calender /ˈkæləndə/ /ˈkæləndɚ/ n
gładziarka kalander
machine

calender /ˈkæləndə/ /ˈkæləndɚ/ v
kalendrować
to press between rollers

calends /ˈkæləndz/ /ˈkælɪndz/ n
kalendy
first day of a month of the Roman calendar

calf /kæf/ /kɐːf/ /kɑːf/ n
cielę cielak
young cow or bull
łydka
anatomy: back of the leg below the knee

calibrate v
kalibrować
to check or adjust by comparison with a standard

californium /ˌkælɪˈfɔɹniəm/ /ˌkælɪˈfɔːniəm/ n
kaliforn
chemical element

caliper /ˈkælɪpɚ/ n
szczęka
part of a disc brake

calipers /ˈkæl.ɨ.pɚz/ /ˈkæl.ɪ.pəz/ n
suwmiarka
device used to measure thickness between two surfaces

caliph /ˈkeɪ̪lɪf/ n
kalif
political leader of the Muslim world

caliphate /ˈkælɪfeɪt/ n
kalifat
Islamic government

calk n
gryf
a pointed projection on a horseshoe to prevent it slipping

call /kɑl/ /kɔl/ /kɔːl/ n
wywołanie
(computing) the act of jumping to a subprogram
wezwanie zew
beckoning or summoning
krzyk wołanie okrzyk
cry or shout
wizyta
social visit
rozmowa telefoniczna
telephone conversation

call /kɑl/ /kɔl/ /kɔːl/ v
dzwonić zadzwonić telefonować zatelefonować
to contact by telephone
wołać zawołać
to cry or shout
nazywać
to name or refer to
wołać wzywać wezwać zawołać
to request, summon, or beckon

call a spade a spade v
nazywać rzeczy po imieniu
to speak the truth

call an ambulance phraseologicalUnit
proszę wezwać karetkę zadzwoń po karetkę
request to call an ambulance

call center n
biuro obsługi klienta call center
business location for calls

call names v
przezwać przezywać
to insult somebody childishly

call the police phraseologicalUnit
proszę wezwać policję zadzwoń po policję
call the police

calla n
czermień błotna
Calla palustris

calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡɹəfi/ n
kaligrafia
art of writing with decorative strokes

calliope /kəˈlaɪə.pi/ n
Kaliope
musical organ

callipygian /ˌkæ.ləˈpɪ.dʒi.ən/ /ˌkælɪˈpɪdʒi.ən/ adj
o kształtnych pośladkach
having beautiful buttocks

callous /ˈkæləs/ adj
bezduszny
emotionally hardened

calm /kaɹm/ /kɑ(l)m/ /kɑːm/ adj
spokojny
(of water) with few or no waves on the surface
spokojny opanowany
free from anger and anxiety

calm /kaɹm/ /kɑ(l)m/ /kɑːm/ n
spokój
the state with absence of noise and disturbance
condition of being unworried and free from anger

calm /kaɹm/ /kɑ(l)m/ /kɑːm/ v
uspokajać się uspokoić się
to become calm
uspokajać uspokoić
to make calm

calm before the storm n
cisza przed burzą
peace before a disturbance or crisis

calmly /ˈkɑː(ɹ)m.li/ adv
spokojnie
in a calm manner

calmness /ˈkɑ(l)mnəs/ n
spokój
the state of being calm; tranquillity; silence

calorie /ˈkæləɹi/ n
kaloria
amount of heat to raise 1 gram of water by 1 °C

calpack n
kołpak
hat

calque /kælk/ n
kalka
word formed by word-for-word translation of a word in another language

calumniate /kəˈlʌmni.eɪt/ v
oczerniać rzucać kalumnie
to make hurtful untrue statements

calumny /kəˈlʌmni/ /ˈkæləmni/ n
kalumnia oszczerstwo
falsifications or misrepresentations intended to disparage or discredit another

calx /kælks/ n
popiół
the substance which remains after a metal or mineral has been thoroughly burnt

calyptra n
czepek
thin, hood-like tissue

calyx /ˈkæ.lɪks/ n
kielich
the sepals of a flower

camel /ˈkæməl/ n
wielbłąd
beast of burden

cameo /ˈkæm.iː.əu/ n
kamea
relief work

camera /ˈkæməɹə/ n
kamera kamera wideo
movie camera
aparat fotograficzny kamera
still camera

camera obscura /ˈkam(ə)ɹə əbˌskjʊəɹə/ /ˈkæm(ə)ɹə əbˌskjʊɹə/ n
camera obscura
darkened chamber in which the image of an outside object is projected and focused onto a surface

cameraman n
kamerzysta
somebody who operates a film or TV camera

camomile /ˈkæ.məˌmaɪl/ n
rumianek

camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/ n
kamuflaż maskowanie
kamuflaż
disguise

camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/ v
maskować
hide, disguise

camp /kæmp/ [kʰɛəmp] n
obóz
base
group
organized event
outdoor place

campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ n
kampania
series of operations undertaken to achieve a set goal

campanology n
kampanologia
study of bells

camper /ˈkæmpə(ɹ)/ n
obozowicz
person who camps

campfire n
ognisko
fire at a campground

camphor /ˈkæmfə/ /ˈkæmfɚ/ n
kamfora
white transparent waxy crystalline isoprenoid ketone

campus /ˈkæmpəs/ n
kampus
grounds or property of a school, etc

camrip n
kinówka
pirated video created by illicitly recording a movie with a camcorder

camshaft n
wałek rozrządu
a shaft fitted with cams

can /kən/ /ˈkæn/ n
kibel klop sracz ubikacja
konewka polewaczka
a container used to carry and dispense water for plants
kanister bańka
a more or less cylindrical vessel for liquids
puszka
a tin-plate canister
dupa pośladki
buttocks

can /kən/ /ˈkæn/ v
wylać (z pracy)
to fire or dismiss an employee
konserwować
to preserve

can /kən/ /ˈkæn/ /ˈkæːn/ [ˈkeən] v
móc
may
móc umieć potrafić
to be able

can I buy you a drink phraseologicalUnit
czy mogę postawić ci drinka? czy mogę postawić pani drinka? czy mogę postawić panu drinka?
can I buy you a drink?

can I come in /kən ˌaɪ kʌm ˈɪn/ phraseologicalUnit
mogę wejść?
phrase

can opener n
otwieracz do konserw otwieracz do puszek
device used to open tin cans

can you help me phraseologicalUnit
może mi pan pomóc? może mi pani pomóc? możesz mi pomóc?
can you help me?

canal /kəˈnæl/ /kəˈnɛl/ n
przewód kanał
a tubular channel within the body
kanał
artificial waterway

canard /kəˈnɑɹd/ /kəˈnɑːd/ n
kaczka dziennikarska
false or misleading report or story

canary /kəˈnɛəɹi/ n
kanarek
bird from the Canary Islands
kanarkowy
colour

canasta /kəˈnæstə/ n
kanasta
card game

cancel /ˈkænsl/ v
skreślić
cross out
anulować odwołać
invalidate, annul
skrócić
remove a common factor

cancer /ˈkænsə/ /ˈkænsɚ/ /ˈkæːnsə/ n
rak nowotwór złośliwy
disease of uncontrolled cellular proliferation

candela /kænˈdēlə/ /kænˈdɛlə/ n
kandela
unit of luminous intensity

candelabrum /kændɪˈleɪbɹəm/ /kændɪˈlɑːbɹəm/ /ˌkæn.dl̩ˈɑ.bɹəm/ n
kandelabr
candle holder

candidacy n
kandydatura
state or act of being a candidate

candidate /ˈkæn.dɪ.deɪt/ /ˈkæn.dɪdət/ /ˈkæn.ɪ.dɪt/ n
kandydat kandydatka
person running in an election

candle /ˈkændəl/ n
świeca świeczka gromnica
a light source

candle snuffer n
gasidło gaśnik
device made to extinguish a candle

candlestick /ˈkændəlˌstɪk/ n
świecznik lichtarz
a holder with a socket or spike for a candle

candor /ˈkæn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈkæn.dɚ/ n
bezstronność
impartiality
otwartość szczerość uczciwość
sincere and open in speech, honesty in expression

candy /ˈkændi/ n
cukierek
piece of candy

candy bar n
baton batonik
type of candy

candy cane /ˈkændi ˌkeɪn/ n
cukrowa laska
candy in the shape of a cane

candy floss /ˈkændi ˌflɒs/ n
wata cukrowa
sweet

cane [kʰeɪn] v
chłostać
to beat with a cane

cane brake n
szuwar
a dense thicket of sugar-canes

cane sugar n
cukier trzcinowy
sugar from the sugar cane plant

cane toad n
ropucha olbrzymia
Bufo marinus

canine /ˈkeɪnaɪn/ /ˈkeɪˌnaɪn/ adj
psi
pertaining to dogs

canine tooth n
kieł
tooth

canker /ˈkæŋkə/ /ˈkæŋkɚ/ n
żółty guzek
avian disease caused by T. gallinae

cannabis /ˈkænəbɪs/ n
konopie konopie siewne
plant

cannibal /ˈkænɪbl/ n
kanibal ludożerca
an organism which eats others of its own species

cannibalism n
kanibalizm
act of eating another of one's own species

cannoli /kaˈnəʊlɪ/ /kəˈnoʊli/ n
cannolo
tube of fried pastry filled with ricotta

cannon /ˈkæn.ən/ n
armata działo
artillery piece
karambol
billiard shot

cannon fodder n
mięso armatnie
military forces considered to be expendable

cannonade n
kanonada
firing artillery in a large amount for a length of time

cannonball n
kula armatnia
spherical projectile fired from a smoothbore cannon

cannot /kəˈnɑt/ /ˈkæ(n.)nɑt/ /ˈkænɒt/ v
nie móc
cannot

canon /ˈkæn.ən/ n
kanon
piece of music
religious law
eucharistic prayer
fandom: the works considered authoritative regarding a fictional universe

canonical /kə.ˈnɒn.ɪ.kl̩/ adj
kanoniczny
in canonical form

canonical form n
postać kanoniczna
standard or normal presentation of a mathematical entity

canonization n
kanonizacja
the final process or decree

canonize /ˈkænənaɪz/ v
kanonizować
to define someone as a saint

cantaloupe /ˈkæn.tə.loʊp/ /ˈkæn.tə.luːp/ n
kantalupa
melon

cantankerous /kænˈtæŋkəɹəs/ adj
kłótliwy przewrotny
ill-tempered, cranky, surly, crabby

cantata /kənˈtɑːtə/ n
kantata
cantata

canteen /kænˈtiːn/ n
stołówka
small cafeteria or snack bar

canter /ˈkæntə(ɹ)/ n
galop
gait
ride

canter /ˈkæntə(ɹ)/ v
galopować
to gait

canting arms n
herb mówiący

canton /ˈkæntn̩/ /ˈkæntɒn/ n
kanton
heraldry; one of the ordinaries
state of Switzerland

cantor n
chazan kantor
singer

canvas /ˈkæn.vəs/ n
płótno
a piece of canvas cloth on which one may paint
a type of coarse cloth

canyon /ˈkænjən/ n
kanion przełom
a valley cut in rock by a river

caoutchouc /ˈkaʊtʃʊk/ n
kauczuk
natural rubber

cap /kæp/ n
limit ograniczenie
artificial upper limit
kulka
bullet
kapiszon
gunpowder charge for a toy gun
czapka kapelusz nakrycie głowy
head covering
czasza
portion of a sphere
nakrętka
protective cover or seal
spłonka
small amount of explosive used as detonator
występ w reprezentacji
soccer: international appearance
kapelusz
top part of a mushroom

capacitor n
kondensator
electronic component

capacity /kəˈpæsɪti/ n
pojemność
the ability to hold, receive or absorb
electrical capacitance
capability; the ability to perform some task

caparison n
kropierz
coverings for an animal, often ornamental

cape /keɪp/ n
przylądek
headland
peleryna
garment

cape gooseberry n
miechunka peruwiańska
plant

caper /ˈkeɪpə/ /ˈkeɪpɚ/ n
kapar
pickled bud of Capparis spinosa
plant

capercaillie /kæpəˈkeɪli/ /kæpɚˈkeɪli/ n
głuszec
Tetrao urogallus

capillary /kəˈpɪ.lə.ɹi/ /ˈkæpɪˌlɛɹi/ n
kapilara
any of small blood vessels that connect arteries to veins

capisce /kəˈpiʃ/ /kəˈpiːʃ/ interjection
kapisz? rozumiesz?
“understood?”

capital /ˈkæp.ɪ.təl/ n
kapitał
money and wealth
głowica kapitel
uppermost part of a column

capital city n
stolica
city designated as seat of government

capital letter n
duża litera wielka litera
letters A B C

capital punishment n
kara śmierci najwyższy wymiar kary
punishment by death

capitalism /ˈkapɪt(ə)lɪz(ə)m/ /ˈkæpɪ̈tl̩ˌɪzm̩/ n
kapitalizm
socio-economic system based on private property rights

capitalize /ˈkæpətəˌlaɪz/ v
pisać z dużej litery
In writing or editing, to make use of capital letters

capitulate /kəˈpɪ.tjʊ.leɪt/ /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jʊ.leɪt/ v
kapitulować poddać się
surrender; end all resistance; to give up; to go along with or comply

capo di tutti capi n
szef wszystkich szefów
“boss of all bosses” in the Mafia

capon /ˈkeɪpən/ n
kapłon
cockerel grown for food

caponier n
kaponiera
fortification structure

caprice /kəˈpɹis/ n
kaprys
impulsive, seemingly unmotivated notion or action

capricious adj
kapryśny nagły
Impulsive and unpredictable; determined by chance, impulse, or whim

capsaicin /kæpˈseɪəsən/ n
kapsaicyna
chemical compound

capsicum /ˈkæpsɪkəm/ n
papryka
plant of the genus Capsicum (only terms covering capsicum in general apply, NOT species-specific)

capstan /ˈkap.stən/ n
kabestan
cylindrical machine

captain /ˈkæp.tən/ /ˈkæp.tɪn/ /ˈkæp.ən/ n
kapitan
an army officer with a rank between the most senior grade of lieutenant and major
one of the athletes on a sports team designated to make decisions
the person lawfully in command of a sea-going vessel
the person lawfully in command of an airliner
a naval officer with a rank between commander and commodore or rear admiral

captain /ˈkæp.tən/ /ˈkæp.tɪn/ /ˈkæp.ən/ v
dowodzić
to act as a captain
to exercise command

caption /ˈkæp.ʃən/ n
napisy
piece of text appearing on screen as part of a film or broadcast
podpis
title or brief explanation attached to an illustration or cartoon

captive /ˈkæptɪv/ n
jeniec więzień
a person held prisoner
więzień jeniec
a person who has been captured

captivity /kæpˈtɪvɪti/ n
niewola
state of being captive

capture /ˈkæp.t͡ʃə/ /ˈkæp.t͡ʃɚ/ v
zbić
remove or take control of opponent’s piece
zająć
take control of

car /kɑɹ/ /kɑː/ n
samochód auto
automobile, a vehicle steered by a driver
kabina
moving, load-carrying component of an elevator
wagon
passenger-carrying unit in a subway or elevated train, whether powered or not

car carrier n
samochodowiec
ship

car radio n
radio samochodowe
radio specifically tuned for usage inside cars

car wash n
myjnia samochodów
place at which a car is washed, often mechanically

carabiner /ˈkɛ.ɹəˌbi.nɚ/ n
karabinek karabińczyk
metal link with a gate

caracal /ˈkaɹəkal/ /ˈkæɹəkæl/ n
karakal
Caracal caracal

carafe /kəˈɹæf/ n
karafka
bottle for serving wine, water, or beverages

caramel /ˈkæ.ɹə.məl/ /ˈkæɹ.ə.məl/ /ˈkɑɹ.məl/ /ˈkɛɹ.ə.məl/ n
karmel
confection

carat /ˈkæɹ.ət/ n
karat
measure of the purity of gold
weight

caravan /ˈkæɹəvæn/ n
karawana
convoy or procession
przyczepa campingowa przyczepa kempingowa
vehicle

caravanserai /kaɹəˈvansəɹʌɪ/ /kɑɹəˈvænsəɹaɪ/ n
karawanseraj
an inn having a central courtyard where caravans can rest

caravel /ˈkæɹəvɛl/ n
karawela
light, usually lateen-rigged sailing vessel

caraway /ˈkæɹəˌweɪ/ n
kminek kminek zwyczajny
plant
seed/fruit

carbide n
węglik
any binary compound of carbon and a more electropositive element

carbine /ˈkɑɹbiːn/ n
karabinek
weapon similar to a rifle but much shorter in length

carbohydrate /kɑːbəʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ /kɑːɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ n
węglowodan
organic compounds such as sugar, starch or cellulose

carbon /ˈkɑɹbən/ n
węgiel
chemical element
impure carbon (e.g., coal, charcoal)
dwutlenek węgla
ecology: carbon dioxide, in the context of global warming
kalka
informal: carbon copy

carbon dioxide n
dwutlenek węgla
CO₂

carbon monoxide n
tlenek węgla czad
chemical of the formula CO

carbonado /ˌkɑɹbəˈneɪdoʊ/ /ˌkɑːbəˈneɪdəʊ/ n
karbonado
impure form of polycrystalline diamond

carbonate /ˈkɑɹbəneɪt/ /ˈkɑɹbənət/ /ˈkɑː(ɹ).bə.neɪt/ /ˈkɑː(ɹ).bə.nət/ n
węglan
any salt or ester of carbonic acid

carbonic acid n
kwas węglowy
A weak unstable acid, H₂CO₃

carboxylic adj
karboksylowy
of, or relating to the carboxyl functional group

carboxylic acid n
kwas karboksylowy
organic compound containing a carboxyl functional group

carburetor /ˈkɑːɹb(j)əˌɹeɪtɚ/ n
gaźnik
a device in an internal combustion engine

carcass /ˈkɑɹkəs/ /ˈkɑːkəs/ n
ścierwo
body of a dead animal

carcinogenesis n
kancerogeneza karcinogeneza karcynogeneza
the creation of cancer cells

card /kaːd/ /kɐːd/ /kɑɹd/ /kɑːd/ n
zgrzebło
hand-held tool for preparing materials for spinning

card game n
gra karciana gra w karty karty
any of very many games played with playing cards

cardboard /ˈkɑɹdbɔɹd/ /ˈkɑːdbɔːd/ n
karton
material resembling heavy paper

cardiac adj
sercowy
pertaining to the heart

cardiac arrest n
zatrzymanie akcji serca
cessation of the heartbeat resulting in the loss of effective circulation of the blood

cardigan /ˈkɑːdɪɡən/ n
sweter
type of sweater

cardinal /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl/ /ˈkɑː.dɪ.nəl/ adj
kardynalny
describing a number that indicates quantity
of fundamental importance
purpurowy
having a bright red color

cardinal /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl/ /ˈkɑː.dɪ.nəl/ n
kardynał
any bird in family Cardinalidae
official of the Catholic Church
bird of the genus Cardinalis
purpura
colour
liczba główna liczba kardynalna
number indicating quantity

cardinal number n
liczba kardynalna liczebnik główny
number used to denote the size of a set

cardinal numeral /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl ˈnumɜɹəl/ /ˈkɑːdɪnəl ˈnjuːməɹəl/ n
liczebnik główny
grammar: word used to represent a cardinal number

cardinality n
liczebność moc
(set theory)

cardio- prefix
kardio-
pertaining to the heart

cardioid n
kardioida
epicycloid with one cusp

cardiological adj
kardiologiczny
of or pertaining to cardiology

cardiologist n
kardiolog
physician

cardiology n
kardiologia
study of the structure of the heart

cardiopulmonary resuscitation n
resuscytacja
a first aid procedure for cardiac arrest

cardoon n
karczoch hiszpanski
perennial plant

cardplayer n
karciarz
one who plays cards

cardsharp /ˈkɑɹdʃɑɹp/ /ˈkɑːdʃɑːp/ n
szuler
professional cheater at card games

care /kɛ(ə)ɹ/ /kɛə/ n
troska
close attention, concern or responsibility
opieka
treatment of those in need

care /kɛ(ə)ɹ/ /kɛə/ v
martwić się
to be concerned about
troszczyć się obchodzić
to be mindful of
dbać opiekować się troszczyć się
to look after

career /kəˈɹɪə/ /kəˈɹɪɹ/ n
kariera
one's calling in life; a person's occupation

carefree /ˈkɛɘfɹiː/ adj
beztroski
worry free, light hearted, etc.

careful /ˈkɛ(ə)ɹfəl/ /ˈkɛːfəl/ adj
ostrożny
cautious
drobiazgowy
meticulous

carefully /ˈkɛɹfəli/ /ˈkɛːfəli/ adv
ostrożnie
in a careful manner

careless /ˈkɛəlɪs/ /ˈkɛɹləs/ adj
niedbały
not giving sufficient attention or thought

carelessness n
lekkomyślność
lack of care

caress /kəˈɹɛs/ n
pieszczota
endearment

caress /kəˈɹɛs/ v
głaskać pieścić
touch or kiss lovingly

caretaker /ˈkɛəˌteɪ.kə/ /ˈkɛɹˌteɪ.kɚ/ n
dozorca dozorczyni
one who takes care of a place or thing

cargo /ˈkɑɹɡoʊ/ /ˈkɑːɡəʊ/ n
ładunek
freight carried by a ship

cargo ship n
towarowiec
ship that carries cargo

caribou /kɛˈɹəbu/ n
karibu
North American reindeer

caricature /ˈkæɹɪkətʃʊə/ /ˈkæɹɪkətʃʊɚ/ n
karykatura
pictorial representation of someone for comic effect
grotesque misrepresentation

caricature /ˈkæɹɪkətʃʊə/ /ˈkæɹɪkətʃʊɚ/ v
karykaturować
represent in exaggerated manner

caries /ˈkɛ.ɹiz/ /ˈkɛə.ɹiːz/ n
próchnica
progressive destruction of bone or tooth by decay

carline thistle n
dziewięćsił
thistle

carman n
wozak
person who transported goods

carnage /ˈkɑɹ.nɪdʒ/ /ˈkɑː.nɪdʒ/ n
rzeź
death and destruction

carnal /ˈkɑɹnəl/ adj
cielesny
relating to the physical and especially sexual appetites

carnation /kɑɹˈneɪ.ʃən/ /kɑːˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
goździk
flower
plant

carnauba n
carnauba
wax

carnet /ˈkɑː(ɹ).neɪ/ n
karnet
a ticket book, a collection of tickets in the form of a booklet often sold at a discount to single tickets

carnival /ˈkæɹnɪvəl/ n
karnawał
festive occasion marked by parades

carnivore /ˈkɑːnɪvɔː/ /ˈkɑːɹ.nɪ.vɔɹ/ n
mięsożerca drapieżnik
meat-eating animal

carnivorous /kɑɹˈnɪv.əɹ.əs/ adj
mięsożerny
Of, or relating to carnivores, or the taxonomic order Carnivora
mięsożerny drapieżny
Predatory or flesh-eating

carol /ˈkæɹəl/ n
kolęda
religious or secular song sung at Christmastime
carol kolęda
song of joy

carotenoid n
karotenoid
class of organic compounds

carouse /kəˈɹaʊz/ v
hulać
To engage in a noisy or drunken social gathering

carp /ˈkɑɹp/ /ˈkɑːp/ n
karp
Any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae

carp /ˈkɑɹp/ /ˈkɑːp/ v
utyskiwać
To complain about a fault

carp bream n
leszcz
Abramis brama

carpal tunnel n
Kanał nadgarstka
passageway on the palmar side of the wrist

carpe diem /ˌkɑɹ.peɪ ˈdi.əm/ /ˌkɑː.peɪ ˈdiː.əm/ proverb
chwytaj dzień
seize the day

carpel /ˈkɑː(ɹ)pəl/ n
słupek
structural unit of a pistil

carpenter /ˈkɑɹpəntɚ/ /ˈkɑː.pən.tə/ n
cieśla stolarz stolarka
carpentry person

carpentry n
stolarstwo
trade of cutting and joining timber

carpet /ˈkɑɹpət/ /ˈkɑː(ɹ)pɪt/ n
dywan kobierzec
a fabric used as a floor covering

carpet shark n
dywanokształtne rekiny dywanowe
shark of the order Orectolobiformes

carpetbagger /ˈkɑːpɪtbaɡə/ n
spadochroniarz
One who comes to a place or organisation primarily or solely for personal gain

carpetbeater /ˌkɑːpɪtˈbiːtə/ n
trzepaczka trzepaczka do dywanów
a tool used in housecleaning

carrack n
karaka
ship

carriage /ˈkæɹɪdʒ/ n
karetka
part of typewriter
wagon
railroad car
kareta powóz
wheeled vehicle, generally drawn by horse power

carriage house n
powozownia wozownia
building for keeping a horse and carriage

carriageway n
jezdnia
part of a road that carries traffic

carrier /ˈkæ.ɹɪ.ə/ /ˈkæ.ɹɪ.ɚ/ n
nosiciel nosicielka
person or organism that has inherited a trait or disease but displays no symptoms
nośnik
signal modulated to transmit information

carrier bag n
reklamówka
thin bag

carrier wave /ˈkæ.ɹɪ.ə weɪv/ /ˈkæ.ɹɪ.ɚ weɪv/ n
fala nośna częstotliwość nośna
wave that can be modulated to transmit signals

carrion /ˈkæ.ɹi.ən/ n
padlina
dead flesh; carcasses

carrion crow n
czarnowron
Corvus corone

carrot /ˈkæɹ.ət/ /ˈkɛɹ.ət/ n
marchewka marchew
Daucus carota ssp. sativus

carry /ˈkæ.ɹi/ /ˈkɛ.ɹi/ v
nosić nieść wieźć wozić
to transport by lifting

carry coals to Newcastle v
wozić drewno do lasu
do something unneeded or redundant

carry out v
wykonywać wykonać
To fulfill
wynieść wynosić
To hold while moving something out.

carrying pole n
koromysło
a yoke of wood or bamboo, used by people to carry a load

carsickness /ˈkɑː(ɹ)ˌsɪk.nəs/ n
choroba lokomocyjna
motion sickness due to riding in a vehicle

cart /kɑɹt/ /kɑːt/ n
wóz wózek fura
small, open, wheeled vehicle

carte blanche /kɑɹtˈblɑnʃ/ n
carte blanche
unlimited discretionary power to act; unrestricted authority

cartilage /ˈkɑɹtəlɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɑːtɪlɪd͡ʒ/ n
chrząstka
dense connective tissue

cartographer n
kartograf
one who makes maps or charts

cartographic /ˌkɑɹ.təˈɡɹæf.ɪk/ /ˌkɑː.təʊˈɡɹæf.ɪk/ adj
kartograficzny
of or pertaining to the making of maps

cartography /kɐɹˈtɒɡɹəfi/ /kɐː(ɹ)ˈtɔɡɹɘfɪi̯/ /kɐː(ɹ)ˈtɔɡɹəfɪi̯/ /kɑɹˈtɑɡɹəfi/ /kɑːˈtɒɡɹəfi/ n
kartografia
creation of charts and maps

cartomancy n
kartomancja
fortune-telling using cards

carton /ˈkɑɹtn̩/ /ˈkɑːtən/ n
blok
a carton of cigarette packs

cartoon /kɑɹˈtuːn/ /kɑːˈtuːn/ n
film rysunkowy kreskówka film animowany
animated cartoon
szkic
artist's preliminary sketch
historyjka komiks obrazkowa
humorous drawing or strip
karykatura
satire of public figures

cartouche /kɑɹˈtuʃ/ /kɑːˈtuːʃ/ n
kartusz
in architecture

cartridge /ˈkɑɹtɹɪdʒ/ /ˈkɑːtɹɪdʒ/ n
nabój
firearms package
kartridż kartusz kaseta drukująca pojemnik z tuszem wkład drukujący
vessel which contains the ink for a computer printer

cartridge box n
ładownica
case for cartridges

cartulary /ˈkɑːtjuləɹɪ/ n
kartulariusz kopiarz kopiariusz kopiał
document collection

carve /kɑɹv/ /kɑːv/ v
ryć
shape a work by cutting

carving knife n
nóż do mięsa
a large knife

caryopsis n
ziarniak
type of fruit

cascade /kæsˈkeɪd/ n
kaskada
sequence of events
series of electric components
waterfall

cascade /kæsˈkeɪd/ v
kaskadować
To arrange in a stepped series like a waterfall

case /keɪs/ n
przypadek wypadek
actual event, situation, or fact
sprawa postępowanie proces
legal proceeding
skrzynia
box containing a number of identical items of manufacture

case insensitive adj
nierozróżniający wielkości liter
treating upper- and lowercase letters as being the same

case sensitive adj
rozróżniający wielkość liter

casein /ˈkeɪ.siː.ɪn/ n
kazeina
protein

casemate n
kazamata
bombproof chamber as part of fortification

cash /kæʃ/ n
gotówka pieniądze
money in the form of notes/bills and coins

cash cow n
dojna krowa żyła złota
someone or something which is a dependable source of appreciable amounts of money
something that generates free cash flow

cash desk n
kasa
place with a cash register

cash register n
kasa kasa fiskalna
machine

cashew /ˈkæʃuː/ n
nerkowiec
tree

cashew nut n
orzech nerkowca
the seed of the cashew tree

cashmere /kæʒ.ˈmiɹ/ /ˈkæʃ.mɪə/ n
kaszmir
soft fabric made of wool

casino /kæˈsinoʊ/ n
kasyno
public building or room for entertainment, especially gambling

casket /ˈkæs.kɪt/ n
urna
urn

casserole /ˈkæs.əɹˌoʊl/ /ˈkæs.əˌɹoʊl/ n
zapiekanka
food, such as a stew, cooked in such a dish

cassette /kəˈsɛt/ n
kaseta
set of sprockets on a bicycle
small flat case containing magnetic tape

cassette tape n
taśma magnetofonowa
magnetic tape in a cassette

cassock /ˈkasək/ /ˈkæsək/ n
sutanna
item of clerical clothing

cassowary /ˈkæs.ə.ˌwɛɹ.i/ n
kazuar
a large flightless bird of the genus Casuarius

cast /kæst/ /kɑːst/ n
obsada
group of actors performing together

cast away v
wyrzucać
discard

cast iron n
żeliwo
hard, brittle alloy of iron, carbon, silicon

cast pearls before swine v
rzucać perły przed wieprze
cast pearls before swine

castanet /ˌkæs.tə.ˈnɛt/ n
kastaniety
a single handheld percussion instrument

castaway /ˈkæ.stə.weɪ/ n
rozbitek
nautical: shipwrecked sailor
wyrzutek
someone cast out of a group or society

caste /kæst/ /kɑːst/ n
kasta
hereditary social class

caster n
pieprzniczka solniczka
shaker with perforated top
koło kastora
wheeled assembly

castigate /ˈkæs.tɪ.ɡeɪt/ v
krytykować piętnować potępiać
to criticize something severely
karcić strofować
to punish or reprimand someone severely
korygować poprawić
to revise a publication

casting /ˈkastɪŋ/ /ˈkæstɪŋ/ /ˈkɑːstɪŋ/ /ˈkɛəstɪŋ/ n
casting
selection of performers

castle /ˈkæsəl/ /ˈkɑːsəl/ n
zamek
fortified building

castling /ˈkæstlɪŋ/ /ˈkɑːstlɪŋ/ n
roszada
move in chess

castor oil plant n
rącznik pospolity
Ricinus communis

castoreum n
kastoreum strój bobrowy
castor sac exudate

castrate /ˈka.stɹeɪt/ v
kastrować
remove the testicles of

castrato /kæsˈtɹɑː.təʊ/ n
kastrat
male soprano or alto voice; the singer
male who has been castrated

casual /-uæl/ /ˈkaʒuəl/ /ˈkæʒuəl/ /ˈkɛʒʉɘl/ adj
niedbały
careless
przypadkowy
coming without regularity; occasional or incidental
codzienny
designed for informal or everyday use
sezonowy
employed irregularly
doraźny dorywczy
happening by chance

casualty /ˈkaʒ(ʊ)əlti/ n
ofiara poszkodowany
person

cat /kat/ /kæt/ v
wymiotować
vomit

cat and mouse n
gra w kotka i myszkę grać w kotka i myszkę
two keeping check on one another

cat food n
kotów
type of food formulated for the feeding of cats

cat got someone's tongue phraseologicalUnit
zaniemówić
why are you not saying anything?

cat's claw n
wibudłak
Martynia annua
czepota puszysta
Uncaria tomentosa

cat's ear n
prosienicznik

catabolism n
katabolizm
destructive metabolism

cataclysm /ˈkætəˌklɪzm̩/ n
kataklizm
sudden, violent event

catacomb /ˈkatəkuːm/ /ˈkatəˌkəʊm/ /ˈkætakoʊm/ n
katakumba
underground system of tunnels and chambers with recesses for graves

catafalque /ˈkatəfalk/ n
katafalk
platform to display or convey a coffin

catalepsy n
katalepsja
catalepsy

cataleptic n
kataleptyczny
cataleptic

catalogue /ˈkæt.ə.lɒɡ/ /ˈkætəlɑɡ/ /ˈkætəlɔɡ/ n
katalog
a systematic list of names, books, pictures etc.
a list of all the publications in a library

catalysis /kəˈtæləsɪs/ n
kataliza
chemistry: the increase of the rate of a chemical reaction induced by a catalyst

catalyst /ˈkæt.ə.lɪst/ /ˈkæt.əl.ɪst/ n
katalizator
substance which increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process
someone or something that helps or encourages progress or change

catalytic /ˌkætəˈlɪtɪk/ adj
katalityczny
of, or relating to catalysts

catalytic converter n
katalizator
a chamber which oxidises carbon dioxide from exhaust gases

catalytically adv
katalitycznie
by catalysis

catalyze /ˈkætəˌlaɪz/ v
katalizować
to accelerate a process
to bring about the catalysis of a chemical reaction

catamaran /ˌkæ.tə.məˈɹæn/ n
katamaran
twin-hulled boat

catapult /ˈkæ.tə.pʌlt/ n
katapulta
device for launching large objects

catapult /ˈkæ.tə.pʌlt/ v
katapultować
to fire a missile from a catapult

catarrh /kəˈtɑɹ/ n
katar
inflammation of the mucous membranes

catastrophe /kəˈtæstɹəfi/ n
katastrofa
any large and disastrous event of great significance

catastrophic /kætəˈstɹɒfɪk/ adj
katastrofalny
disastrous; ruinous
of or pertaining to a catastrophe

catastrophically adv
katastrofalnie
in a catastrophic manner

catatonia n
katatonia
severe psychiatric condition

catboat n
ket
type of boat

catch /kæt͡ʃ/ n
haczyk
a hidden difficulty, especially in a deal or negotiation

catch /kæt͡ʃ/ v
schwytać złapać łapać
to capture or snare
przechwycać przechwycić
to handle a computer error, especially an exception }}
chwycić chwytać złapać łapać
to intercept an object in the air etc. }}
dostrzec dostrzegać ogarniać ogarnąć
to perceive and understand }}
zdążyć załapać się
to reach in time to leave }}

catch a cold v
przeziębić
contract a cold

catch up v
dogonić nadgonić
To reach something that had been ahead

catechism /ˈkætɪˌkɪzəm/ n
katechizm
book summarizing the principles of Christianity

catechist n
katecheta katechetka

catechistic adj
katechetyczny

catechumen /ˌkæt.əˈkju.mən/ /ˌkæt.ɪˈkjuː.mɛn/ n
katechumen
convert to Christianity prior to baptism

categorization n
kategoryzacja klasyfikacja
the process of sorting or arranging things into categories or classes

category /ˈkætəˌɡɔɹi/ /ˈkætɪɡ(ə)ɹi/ n
kategoria
group
collection in math

catenoid n
katenoida
Three-dimensional surface formed by rotation of a catenary

catering /ˈkeɪt(ə)ɹɪŋ/ n
catering
the business of providing food and related services

caterpillar /ˈkædəɹˌpɪləɹ/ /ˈkætəpɪlə(ɹ)/ n
gąsienica
larva of a butterfly
pojazd gąsienicowy
vehicle with a caterpillar track

caterpillar track n
gąsienica
continuous track in the form of steel or rubber belt

catfish n
sum
type of fish

catgirl n
dziewczyna-kot
female character with feline characteristics

cathedral /kəˈθiː.dɹəl/ n
katedra
principal church of a bishop's diocese

catheter /ˈkæθɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈkæθɪt̬ɚ/ n
cewnik kateter
small tube inserted into a body cavity

cathetus /ˈkæ.θɪ.təs/ n
przyprostokątna
either of the sides of a right triangle other than its hypotenuse

cathexis /kəˈθɛk sɪs/ n
kateksja
the concentration of libido or emotional energy on a single object or idea

cathode /ˈkæθ.oʊd/ n
katoda
electrode through which current flows outward

cathodic adj
katodowy
physics

catholicos /kəˈθɒlɪkəs/ n
katolikos
high-ranking bishop or patriarch

cation /ˈkætˌaɪ.ɒn/ /ˈkætˌaɪ.ən/ n
kation
a positively charged ion

catkin n
bazia kotka
botany: a type of inflorescence

catnip /ˈkatnɪp/ n
kocimiętka
plants of the genus Nepeta, family Lamiaceae
kocimiętka właściwa
specific species which causes intoxication among cats

catoblepas n
katoblepas
mythological creature

cattail /ˈkæt.teɪl/ n
pałka
any of several perennial herbs of the genus Typha

cattle /ˈkæt(ə)l/ n
bydło
domesticated bovine animals
pejorative: people who resemble cattle in behavior or destiny

caudal fin n
płetwa ogonowa
the tailfin of a fish and other aquatic vertebrates

caul /kɔːl/ n
czepek
part of the amniotic sac which sometimes shrouds a baby’s head at birth

cauldron /ˈkɔːl.dɹən/ n
kocioł
large bowl-shaped pot

cauliflower /ˈkɑl.əˌflaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈkɒl.i.flaʊ.ə/ /ˈkɔl.ɪˌflaʊ.ɚ/ n
kalafior
Edible head of a cauliflower plant
Vegetable

causality n
przyczynowość
agency of cause

cause /kɔz/ /kɔːz/ n
przyczyna
source or reason of an event or action

cause /kɔz/ /kɔːz/ v
powodować spowodować
to set off an event or action

causeway /ˈkɔːz.weɪ/ n
droga na grobli grobla
raised roadway

caustic /ˈkɔːstɪk/ adj
kaustyczny żrący
capable of destroying organic tissue

caution /ˈkɑʃn/ /ˈkɑːʃ(ə)n/ /ˈkɔːʃ(ə)n/ n
ostrożność przezorność roztropność uwaga
careful attention, prudence
ostrzeżenie przestroga
precept or warning against evil or danger

cautious /ˈkɔːʃəs/ adj
ostrożny
careful

cautiously /ˈkɑʃəsli/ /ˈkɔːʃəsli/ adv
ostrożnie
in a cautious manner

cavalry /ˈkævəlɹi/ n
kawaleria konnica
military service that fights with riding horses

cave /keɪv/ n
jaskinia
large, naturally occurring cavity formed underground

caveat /ˈkæviɑt/ /ˈkævɪæt/ n
zastrzeżenie
warning

caveman n
jaskiniowiec człowiek jaskiniowy
early humans or related species

cavern /ˈkæ.və(ɹ)n/ n
jaskinia
large cave

caviar [kæviːɑɹ] [kæviːɑː] n
kawior ikra
roe of the sturgeon or other large fish (black caviar)

cavitation /ˌkævɪˈteɪʃən/ n
kawitacja
formation of vapor bubbles

cavity /ˈkævɪti/ [ˈkʰævɪɾi] n
ubytek
hole and soft area in tooth caused by caries
dziura wydrążenie
hole or hollow depression

cavort /kəˈvɔɹt/ /kəˈvɔːt/ v
figlować swawolić
move/play boisterously

caw /kɔː/ n
krakanie
cry of a crow

caw /kɔː/ v
krakać kraknąć
to make the cry of a crow, rook, or raven

cc /siːˈsiː/ n
DW [[k.o.]] aa
carbon copy

cease /siːs/ v
zaprzestać
intransitive

cease-fire n
rozejm zawieszenie broni
in warfare, an agreed end to hostilities for a specific purpose

cedar /ˈsi.dɚ/ /ˈsiː.də/ n
cedr
aromatic wood
coniferous tree in genus Cedrus

ceiling /ˈsiːlɪŋ/ n
sufit
smallest integer
sufit strop
upper limit of room

ceiling fan n
wentylator sufitowy
fan fixture on a ceiling

celadon /ˈsɛlədən/ /ˈsɛləˌdɑn/ n
celadon seladon
ceramic with pale green glaze
pale green glaze
seledyn
pale green colour

celeb /səˈlɛb/ n
celebryta celebrytka
a celebrity

celebrate /ˈsɛl.ɪ.bɹeɪt/ v
sławić wychwalać
extol or honour in a solemn manner
obchodzić celebrować
honour by rites, ceremonies, etc.
świętować celebrować fetować oblać uczcić
to engage in joyful activity in appreciation of an event

celebration n
celebracja celebra
formal performance of a solemn rite

celebrity /sɪˈlɛbɹɪti/ n
celebryta celebrytka
famous person

celery /ˈsɛl.ə.ɹi/ n
seler
herb
the stalks of this herb

celesta /səˈlɛstə/ n
czelesta
musical instrument

celestial /səˈlɛst͡ʃəl/ adj
niebiański
relating to heaven (religious)
relating to sky

celestial body n
ciało niebieskie
natural object beyond Earth's atmosphere

celestial sphere n
sfera niebieska
abstract sphere of infinite radius

celestially adv
niebiańsko
in a celestial manner

celestine n
celestyn
mineral

celibacy /ˈsɛləbəsi/ n
celibat
abstaining from sexual relations
state of being unmarried

celibate /ˈsɛləbət/ adj
niezamężna nieżonaty
unmarried

cell /sɛl/ n
komórka cela
basic unit of a living organism
small group of people forming part of a larger organization
komórka
biological cavity
a short, fixed-length packet as in asynchronous transfer mode
minimal unit of a cellular automaton that can change state and has an associated behavior
region of radio reception that is a part of a larger radio network
ogniwo komórka
component of an electrical battery
cela komórka
room in a monastery for sleeping one person
room in a prison for containing inmates
komórka burzowa
small thunderstorm that forms ahead of a storm front
komórka
informal: a cellular telephone

cell wall /sɛl wɔːl/ n
ściana komórkowa
thick layer around cells of plants, fungi, and algae

cellar /ˈsɛlə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɛlɚ/ n
piwnica loch
underground space

cellar door n
drzwi piwniczne
door leading to a cellar

cellist n
wiolonczelista wiolonczelistka
person who plays the cello

cello /ˈsɛloʊ/ /ˈsɛləʊ/ /ˈtʃɛloʊ/ /ˈtʃɛləʊ/ n
wiolonczela
musical instrument

cellophane /ˈsɛləfeɪn/ n
celofan
the transparent plastic film

cellular adj
komórkowy
of, relating to, consisting of, or resembling a cell or cells

cellulose n
celuloza
the polysaccharide cellulose

cement /səˈmɛnt/ /ˈsimɛnt/ n
cement
a powdered substance
the paste-like substance

cementum n
cement kostniwo
cementum

cenobite /ˈsiːnəbaɪt/ n
cenobita
monk who lives in a religious community, rather than in solitude

cenotaph /ˈsɛn.ə.tæf/ /ˈsɛn.əʊ.tæf/ n
cenotaf
monument to honor the dead whose bodies lie elsewhere

cenote /səˈnoʊtiː/ /sɛˈnoʊteɪ/ n
cenote
deep natural well or sinkhole

censer /ˈsɛn.sə/ /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ n
kadzidło
religious ornamental container for burning incense

censor /ˈsɛn.sə/ /ˈsɛn.sɚ/ v
cenzurować ocenzurować
to remove objectionable content
cenzurować
to review in order to remove objectionable content

censorship /ˈsɛnsəˌʃɪp/ /ˈsɛnsɚˌʃɪp/ n
cenzura
use of state or group power to control freedom of expression

cent /sɛnt/ n
cent eurocent
one-hundredth of a euro
cent
subunit of currency in US and elsewhere

centaur /ˈsɛntɑɹ/ /ˈsɛntɔː(ɹ)/ n
centaur
mythical half-man, half-horse

centenarian /ˌsɛn.tɪˈnɛəɹ.i.ən/ adj
stulatek stulatka
being at least 100 yrs old

centenarian /ˌsɛn.tɪˈnɛəɹ.i.ən/ n
stulatek stulatka
one who is at least 100 years old

centenary adj
stuletni
of, or pertaining to, or completing a period of 100 years

centennial /sɛnˈtɛnɪəl/ n
stulecie
100th anniversary

center /ˈsɛn.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɛn.tɚ/ [ˈsɪɾ̃ɚ] n
centrum ośrodek
place where a function or activity occurs
centrum środek
point equidistant from all points on the perimeter of a circle
środek
point equidistant from all points on the surface of a sphere
point on a line midway between the ends
point in the interior of figure with mean coordinates
centrum
topic of particular importance

center of gravity /ˌsen.təɹ əv ˈɡɹæv.ə.ti/ n
środek ciężkości
any pivotal or central idea or group
point, near or within a body, at which the object's mass can be assumed to be concentrated

centi- prefix
centy-
10-2

centimetre /ˈsɑ̃.-/ /ˈsɛn.tɪ.miː.tə/ n
centymetr
one-hundredth of a metre

centipede /ˈsɛnt.ɪ.pid/ n
stonoga parecznik
a segmented arthropod of class Chilopoda

central /ˈsɛntɹəl/ adj
centralny
being in the centre

central heating n
centralne ogrzewanie
heating system

central processing unit n
procesor
part of a computer

centralism n
centralizm
system that centralizes

centrally /ˈsɛnt.ɹə.li/ adv
centralnie
in a central manner or situation

centrifuge /ˈsɛntɹɪˌfjuːdʒ/ n
wirówka centryfuga
device for separation of substances

centurion /sɛnˈtjʊɹ.i.ən/ n
centurion
commander of a century of soldiers

century /ˈsɛn.t͡ʃə.ɹiː/ n
wiek stulecie
100 years
centuria
Roman army type unit
political division of Rome

cephalic /sɪˈfælɪk/ adj
głowowy
of or referring to the head

cephalopod n
głowonóg
mollusc

cephalothorax /ˌsɛfələˈθɔɹæks/ n
głowotułów
anatomy: fused head and thorax

ceramic /səˈɹæmɪk/ adj
ceramiczny
of or pertaining to ceramic as material

ceramic /səˈɹæmɪk/ n
ceramika
material

ceramics n
ceramika
art
ceramics objects as a group

cere n
woskówka
cere

cereal [ˈsɪəɹiːəɫ] n
zboże
type of grass
grains of such a grass

cerebellum /ˌseɹəˈbeləm/ n
móżdżek
part of the hindbrain in vertebrates

cerebral /ˈsɛɹ.ə.bɹəl/ adj
intelektualny
intellectual
mózgowy
of, or relating to the brain

cerebral aqueduct n
wodociąg mózgu
channel in the brain

cerebral cortex n
kora mózgowa
layer of the brain

cerebral hemisphere n
półkula półkula mózgu
region of the brain

cerebral palsy n
porażenie mózgowe
group of non-contagious conditions

ceremony /ˈsɛɹəmoʊni/ /ˈsɛɹɪməni/ n
ceremonia obrzęd
ritual with religious significance

cerium /ˈsɪəɹiəm/ n
cer
chemical element

certain /ˈsɜːtn̩/ /ˈsɝtn̩/ /ˈsɝtən/ adj
jakiś
not specifically named, indeterminate, indefinite
pewny
sure, positive, not doubting

certainly /ˈsɜːtn̩li/ /ˈsɝʔn̩li/ adv
na pewno zdecydowanie
emphatic affirmative answer
z pewnością
without doubt, surely

certainty /ˈsɜːtn̩ti/ /ˈsɝtn̩ti/ n
pewność
state of being certain

certificate /səɹˈtɪfɪkɪt/ /səɹˈtɪfɪˌkeɪt/ n
certyfikat
a document containing a certified statement

cerulean /səˈɹuːli.ən/ n
modry
sky blue

cerussite n
cerusyt
mineral

cervical /səˈvaɪ.kl̩/ /ˈsɝːvɨkl̩/ adj
szyjny
of the neck

cervical cancer n
rak szyjki macicy
cancer of the cervix

cervical cap n
Diaphragma Wkładka domaciczna
contraceptive device

cessation /sɛˈseɪʃən/ n
zaprzestanie
a ceasing or discontinuance

cesspit /ˈsɛspɪt/ n
szambo
pit for sewage

cesspool /ˈsɛsˌpuːl/ n
szambo
filthy place
place for sewage

cf. v
por.
compare

chacha n
czacza
Georgian grape vodka

chador n
czador
a loose robe worn by Muslim women

chafe /tʃeɪf/ n
odparzenie
injury or wear caused by friction

chafe /tʃeɪf/ v
być rozdrażnionym
to be vexed; to fret; to be irritated
drażnić dręczyć
to excite passion or anger in
odparzać odparzyć
to fret and wear by rubbing
przecierać wycierać
to rub; to come together so as to wear by rubbing; to wear by friction

chaff /tʃæf/ n
plewy sieczka
inedible parts of grain plant
sieczka
straw or hay cut up for cattle food

chaffinch /ˈt͡ʃæfɪnt͡ʃ/ n
zięba
bird

chagrin /ʃəˈɡɹɪn/ /ˈʃæɡ.ɹɪn/ n
poczucie klęski
distress from failure; vexation or mortification

chain /ˈt͡ʃeɪn/ n
łańcuch
series of interconnected rings or links
series of interconnected things
totally ordered subset
number of atoms in a series, which combine to form a molecule
sieć łańcuch
series of stores or businesses with the same brand name

chain letter n
łańcuszek
a letter that is mailed successively to different recipients

chain mail n
kolczuga
a flexible defensive armor

chainsaw /ˈt͡ʃeɪn.ˌsɔː/ n
piła łańcuchowa
saw with a power-driven chain

chair /t͡ʃɛə(ɹ)/ /t͡ʃɛəɹ/ n
krzesło
furniture

chairlift n
kolej krzesełkowa wyciąg krzesełkowy kolejka krzesełkowa
moving series of open seats

chairman /ˈtʃɛːmən/ n
prezes
head of a corporate or governmental board
przewodniczący
person presiding over a meeting

chairperson n
przewodniczący przewodnicząca
a person who presides over a meeting, a board

chaise longue /ˌʃeɪz ˈlɒŋ(ɡ)/ /ˌʃeɪz ˈlɔŋ/ n
szezlong
reclining chair with a long seat

chakra /ˈtʃʌk.ɹə/ n
ćakra
spiritual energy nexuses

chalcedony /kælˈsɛdəni/ n
chalcedon
form of fine-grained quartz

chalcogen n
tlenowiec
any element of group 16 of the periodic table

chalet /ʃæleɪ/ n
chata koliba
wooden house

chalice /ˈtʃæl.ɪs/ n
kielich puchar
large drinking cup

chalk /t͡ʃɑk/ /t͡ʃɔk/ /t͡ʃɔːk/ n
kreda
a piece of chalk used for drawing and on a blackboard
a soft, white, powdery limestone
magnezja
… prevent from falling when climbing

challah /ˈχɑːlə/ n
chałka
traditional braided bread

challenge /ˈtʃæl.ɪndʒ/ n
wyzwanie
difficult task
that which encourages someone to do something they otherwise would not

challenge /ˈtʃæl.ɪndʒ/ v
ośmielić
to dare someone
zakwestionować
to dispute something
to make a formal objection to a juror
wyzwać
to invite someone to take part in a competition

chamber /ˈtʃeɪmbə(ɹ)/ /ˈtʃeɪmbɚ/ n
komnata izba
bedroom
komora izba
enclosed space similar to a room
part of a firearm holding the round before firing
izba
legislative body

chamber pot n
nocnik
a container used for urination and defecation

chamberlain /t͡ʃæmbɚlɪn/ n
szambelan
an officer in charge of managing the household of a sovereign

chambermaid /ˈtʃeɪm.bə(ɹ).meɪd/ n
pokojówka
a maid who handles the chores in a bedroom

chameleon /kəˈmiːljən/ /kəˈmiːlɪən/ n
kameleon
reptile
person with inconstant behavior

chamfron /ˈt͡ʃamfɹən/ n
naczółek
armor

chamois /ˈʃæmi/ /ˈʃæmiz/ /ˈʃæmwɑː/ /ˈʃæmwɑːz/ n
kozica
A goat-like antelope
giemza
cloth

champagne /ʃæmˈpeɪn/ n
szampan
sparkling white wine produced in Champagne

champignon /t͡ʃæmˈpɪnjən/ /ʃæmˈpɪnjən/ n
pieczarka
Agaricus bisporus

champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n
mistrz mistrzyni
someone who has been winner in a contest

championship /ˈtʃæmpi.ənʃɪp/ n
mistrzostwo
competition to determine a champion

chance /tʃæns/ /tʃɑːns/ [tʃʰæns~tʃʰans] [tʃʰɐːns] [tʃʰɑːns] [tʃʰɛəns~tʃʰeəns] n
szansa okazja
an opportunity or possibility

chancel /ˈtʃænsəl/ /ˈtʃɑːnsəl/ n
prezbiterium
space around the altar in a church

chancellor /ˈtʃænsələ/ /ˈtʃɑːnsələ/ n
kanclerz
head of government in some German-speaking countries
senior secretary or official with administrative or legal duties, sometimes in charge of some area of government

chandelier /ʃændəˈlɪə(ɹ)/ n
żyrandol
branched, often ornate, lighting fixture suspended from the ceiling

change /tʃeɪndʒ/ n
zmiana zamiana
a replacement
przesiadka
a transfer between vehicles
reszta
balance returned after a purchase
drobne
small denominations of money given in exchange for a larger denomination
zmiana
the process of becoming different

change /tʃeɪndʒ/ v
zmieniać się zmienić się
to become something different
zmienić zmieniać
to make something into something different
zamienić zamieniać
to replace
przebierać się przebrać się
to replace one's own clothing
przesiadać się przesiąść się
to transfer to another vehicle

change one's mind v
zmienić zdanie
to decide differently than one had decided before

changing room n
przebieralnia
room in gym etc.
przymierzalnia
room in shop

channel /ˈtʃænəl/ n
kanał
broadcasting: specific radio frequency or band of frequencies used for transmitting television
broadcasting: specific radio frequency or band of frequencies
narrow body of water between two land masses
natural or man-made deeper course through shallow body of water

channel /ˈtʃænəl/ v
kierować
direct the flow

chanson /ʃɑ̃.sɔ̃/ n
chanson
French song

chanterelle /ˈtʃæntəɹɛl/ n
pieprznik kurka
Cantharellus cibarius

chaos /ˈkeɪ.ɑs/ /ˈkeɪ.ɒs/ n
chaos
state of disorder

chaos theory n
teoria chaosu
chaos theory

chaotically adv
chaotycznie
In a chaotic manner

chapel /ˈtʃæ.pəl/ n
kaplica
place of worship

chaperone /ˈʃæ.pəˌɹoʊn/ n
przyzwoitka
older person who accompanies younger people to ensure good behaviour
białko opiekuńcze
protein that aids in folding other proteins

chaplain /ˈtʃæp.lɪn/ n
kapelan
member of a religious body

chaplet /ˈtʃæplət/ n
różaniec
a string of beads, especially when making up five decades of the rosary

chapter /ˈt͡ʃæptə/ /ˈt͡ʃæptɚ/ n
rozdział
section in a book

character /ˈkæɹəktə/ /ˈkɛɹəktɚ/ n
postać
being in a story
charakter usposobienie
complex of mental and ethical traits marking a person or a group
charakter
distinguishing feature
moral strength
znak
symbol for a sound or a word

characteristic /ˌkæɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/ /ˌkɛɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/ adj
charakterystyczny
being a distinguishing feature of a person or thing

characteristic /ˌkæɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/ /ˌkɛɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/ n
cecha
distinguishing feature

charbonnier n
gąska niekształtna
charbonnier, Tricholoma portentosum

charcoal /ˈtʃɑɹ.koʊl/ /ˈtʃɑː.kəʊl/ n
antracyt kolor ciemnografitowy
colour
węgiel
stick used for drawing
węgiel drzewny
substance

chard /tʃɑɹd/ /tʃɑːd/ n
botwina boćwina
Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla

charge /t͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒ/ /t͡ʃɑːd͡ʒ/ n
oskarżenie
accusation
opłata
amount of money levied for a service
ładunek elektryczny ładunek
electric charge
szarża
ground attack
figura herbowa
heraldry: image displayed on an escutcheon
podopieczny
someone or something entrusted to one's care

charge /t͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒ/ /t͡ʃɑːd͡ʒ/ v
szarżować
military: to attack by moving forward quickly
ładować się
of a battery or device: to gain energy
ładować
to add energy to
ładować naładować
to load equipment with material required for its use

charger /ˈtʃɑɹdʒɚ/ /ˈtʃɑːdʒə/ n
ładowarka
a device that charges or recharges
rumak
a large horse trained for battle

chargé d'affaires /ʃɑrˈʒeɪ dəˈfɛɹ/ n
chargé d'affaires
diplomat

chariot /ˈt͡ʃæɹɪət/ /ˈt͡ʃɛɹiət/ n
kareta karoca
carriage used for ceremonial or pleasure purposes
rydwan
vehicle used in warfare

charisma /kəˈɹɪzmə/ n
charyzmat
extraordinary power granted by the Holy Spirit
charyzma charyzmat
personal charm or magnetism

charitable adj
charytatywny dobroczynny
having a purpose or character of a charity
dobry miłosierny
kind, generous
charytatyny
pertaining to charity

charitable organization n
organizacja charytatywna organizacja dobroczynna
organization

charlatan /ˈʃɑɹlətən/ /ˈʃɑːlətən/ n
szarlatan
malicious trickster

charm /tʃɑɹm/ /tʃɑːm/ n
talizman
a small trinket on a bracelet or chain
urok
quality of inspiring delight or admiration
urok zaklęcie
something with magic power

charm /tʃɑɹm/ /tʃɑːm/ v
oczarować
seduce, entrance or fascinate
zaczarować
use a magical charm

charming /ˈtʃɑː(ɹ).mɪŋ/ adj
uroczy
pleasant, charismatic

charwoman n
sprzątaczka
cleaning lady

chase /tʃeɪs/ n
pogoń
action of the verb "to chase"

chase /tʃeɪs/ v
gonić gnać ścigać
to pursue, to follow at speed

chaser /ˈtʃeɪsə/ /ˈtʃeɪsɚ/ n
popitka
a mild drink consumed immediately after another drink of hard liquor

chasmophyte /ˈkæzməʊfaɪt/ n
chasmofit
plant

chassis /ˈtʃæsi/ /ˈtʃæsiz/ /ˈʃæzi/ n
podwozie
base frame of motor vehicle
obudowa
frame or housing containing electrical or mechanical equipment

chastity /ˈtʃæstɪti/ n
czystość
abstaining from sexual activity

chastity belt n
pas cnoty
belt-like garment

chastushka n
czastuszka
Russian or Ukrainian folk poem

chasuble /ˈt͡ʃæzjʊbəl/ n
ornat
liturgical vestment

chat /tʃæt/ n
czat
exchange of text or voice messages in real time
pogawędka
informal conversation

chat /tʃæt/ v
gadać gawędzić
be engaged in informal conversation

chattel /ˈtʃæt.əl/ [-ɾɫ] n
niewolnik
slave
majątek ruchomy ruchomość
tangible, movable property

chauffeur /ʃoʊˈfɝ/ /ʃɒˈfɜː/ n
szofer
a person employed to drive a motor car

chauvinism /ˈʃoʊ.vɪˌnɪzm̩/ /ˈʃəʊ.və.nɪ.zəm/ /ˈʃəʊ.vɪ.nɪ.zəm/ n
szowinizm
excessive patriotism
unwarranted bias

chav /tʃæv/ n
dres dresiarz prawilniak
relating to a youth from a working class background, aggressive with poor education

chavette /tʃæˈvɛt/ n
dresiara
a female chav

cheap /t͡ʃip/ /t͡ʃiːp/ adj
tani
low in price
slang: unfairly powerful
tandetny
of little worth
tandetny tani
of poor quality

cheaply /ˈtʃiːpli/ adv
tanio
in a cheap manner

cheat /tʃiːt/ n
oszust oszustka zdrajca zdrajczyni
someone who is dishonest or cheats
cheat czit kod
unfair advantage in a computer game

cheat /tʃiːt/ v
zdradzać
being unfaithful
oszukiwać
violate rules to gain advantage

cheat on v
zdradzać
be unfaithful to

cheat sheet n
ściągawka ściąga
sheet of paper used to assist on a test

cheating /ˈtʃiːtɪŋ/ n
cheatowanie czitowanie oszukiwanie oszustwo
act of deception, fraud, trickery, imposture, or imposition

check /t͡ʃɛk/ n
rachunek
a bill, particularly at a restaurant
kontrola
a control, limit or stop
parafka znaczek
a mark like a v or sometimes x used as an indicator
inspekcja sprawdzenie
an inspection or examination
szach
chess: when the king is directly threatened by an enemy piece
kratka
a checkered pattern

check /t͡ʃɛk/ v
sprawdzić
to inspect, examine
odfajkować odhaczyć zaptaszkować zaznaczyć
to mark with a checkmark

check in v
meldować się zameldować się
to record one's arrival

check out v
sprawdzić
to examine, inspect, look at closely
wymeldować się
to pay when leaving

check up v
sprawdzać

checkered adj
kraciasty w kratkę
divided into squares

checklist /ˈtʃɛklɪst/ n
lista kontrolna
list of things to be verified

checkmate /ˈt͡ʃɛkmeɪt/ interjection
mat szach i mat szach mat
said when making the conclusive move in chess

checkmate /ˈt͡ʃɛkmeɪt/ n
mat
conclusive victory in a game of chess

checkmate /ˈt͡ʃɛkmeɪt/ v
dać mata zamatować
to put an opponent into checkmate

checkout n
kasa
supermarket checkout position

checks and balances n
mechanizm kontroli i równowagi
system for balancing the powers between branches of government

checksum n
suma kontrolna
number serving to detect error

cheder n
cheder
school

cheek /tʃiːk/ n
policzek
part of face

cheer on v
dopingować kibicować
to cheer and support

cheer up v
rozweselić
to make someone happy

cheerio /ˈtʃɪəɹ.i.oʊ/ /ˈtʃɪəɹ.i.əʊ/ interjection
cześć pa

cheerleader n
czirliderka cheerleaderka
person (usually female) who encourages applaus

cheers /tʃɪəz/ /tʃɪɹz/ interjection
cześć
informal: goodbye
dzięki
informal: thank you
na zdrowie
toast when drinking

cheese /t͡ʃiz/ /t͡ʃiːz/ n
ser
dairy product
countable: any particular variety of cheese

cheese knife n
nóż do sera
knife for cutting cheese

cheeseburger n
cheeseburger
hamburger with cheese

cheesecake n
sernik
dessert food

cheesecloth n
etamina
loosely woven cotton gauze

cheesemaker n
serowar
person skilled in making cheese

cheesemaking n
serowarstwo
production or making of cheese

cheesy /ˈtʃiːzi/ adj
serowy
of cheese
kiczowaty
overdramatic, clichéd

cheetah /ˈtʃiːtə/ n
gepard
Acinonyx jubatus

chef /ʃɛf/ n
szef kuchni kucharz
head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant

chela /ˈkilə/ /ˈt͡ʃei.lə/ n
szczypce
pincer-like claw of a crustacean or arachnid

chemical /ˈkɛmɪkəl/ adj
chemiczny
relating to chemistry

chemist /ˈkɛmɪst/ n
chemik chemiczka
person working in chemistry

chemistry /ˈkɛm.ɪ.stɹi/ n
chemio- chemo-
as modifier: relating to or using chemistry
chemia
branch of natural science
mutual attraction between two people
application of chemical theory and method to a particular substance

chempedak n
chempedak
fruit

cheque /tʃɛk/ n
czek
a note promising to pay money to a named person or entity

chequebook n
książeczka czekowa
folder containing cheques

chernozem /ˈt͡ʃɜː(ɹ)nəˌzɛm/ n
czarnoziem
black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus

cherry /ˈt͡ʃɛɹi/ adj
wiśniowy
flavour

cherry /ˈt͡ʃɛɹi/ n
wiśniowy wiśnia
color
czereśnia wiśnia
fruit
wiśnia
tree
wiśnia czereśnia
wood

cherry blossom n
kwiat wiśni
blossom of the cherry tree

chert n
rogowiec
mineral

cherub /ˈtʃɛɹəb/ n
cherub cherubin
(biblical) winged creature attending on God

chervil /ˈtʃɜː(ɹ)vɪl/ n
trybula
spice

chervonets n
czerwoniec
former Russian currency, usually ten roubles

chess /t͡ʃɛs/ n
szachy
two-player board game

chess piece n
bierka szachowa
any of the 16 white and 16 black pieces used in playing the game of chess

chessboard n
szachownica
square board used in the game of chess

chest /t͡ʃɛst/ n
komoda
chest of drawers
kufer skrzynia
strong box
klatka piersiowa
thorax
fundusz
treasury

chest of drawers n
komoda
furniture for the storage of clothes

chestnut /ˈtʃɛs.nʌt/ n
kasztan
nut of the chestnut tree
wood of a chestnut tree

chestnut tree /ˈtʃɛsnʌt ˌtɹiː/ n
kasztan
tree that bears chestnuts

chestnut-backed antshrike n
chronka rdzawogrzbieta
Thamnophilus palliatus

chestnut-bellied tit n
sikora kasztanowata
Sittiparus castaneoventris

chevron /ˈʃɛvɹən/ n
krokiew
heraldry: wide inverted V

chew /tʃu/ /tʃuː/ v
żuć przeżuwać
to crush food with teeth prior to swallowing

chewing gum n
guma do żucia guma
flavoured preparation for chewing

chiaroscuro /kɪˌɑːɹəˈskʊəɹəʊ/ /ˌkjɑɹəˈsk(j)ʊɹoʊ/ n
chiaroscuro światłocień
artistic technique using exaggerated light contrasts

chiasmus /kaɪˈæzməs/ n
chiazm
(rhetoric) an inversion of the relationship between the elements of phrases

chicane /ʃɪˈkeɪn/ n
szykana
a temporary barrier or serpentine curve

chicanery /ʃɪˈkeɪn(ə)ɹi/ n
krętactwo matactwo
deception by use of trickery

chick /t͡ʃɪk/ n
pisklę
young bird
kurczak kurczątko
young chicken
laska
young woman

chickadee /ˈt͡ʃɪ.kə.ˌdi/ n
sikora
songbird

chicken /ˈt͡ʃɪkɪn/ n
kura kurczak
bird
tchórz
coward
kurczak kura
meat

chicken pox n
ospa wietrzna
childhood disease

chicken soup n
rosół
soup with chicken as main ingredient

chickweed n
gwiazdnica
herb

chicory /ˈtʃɪkəɹi/ n
cykoria
common chicory (Cichorium intybus)

chide /tʃaɪd/ v
besztać strofować łajać
loudly admonish

chief /tʃiːf/ n
szef
head of an organization
głowica
heraldic term
wódz
leader of group, etc.

chief executive officer n
dyrektor generalny dyrektor zarządzający
highest-ranking corporate officer

chiefly /ˈtʃiːf.li/ adv
głównie
mainly or principally, almost entirely

chieftain /ˈtʃiːf.tən/ n
wódz
A leader of a clan or tribe

chiffchaff /ˈt͡ʃɪf.t͡ʃæf/ n
pierwiosnek
Phylloscopus collybita

child /t͡ʃaɪld/ n
dziecko dziecię
a female or male child, a daughter or son
dziecko
a minor
(computing) object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another object

child prodigy n
dziecko szczęścia
talented young person

child prostitution n
dziecięca prostytucja
use of a child for sexual activities for profit

childbirth n
poród
act of giving birth

childhood /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/ n
dzieciństwo
time when one is a child
state of being a child
early stages of development of something

childish /ˈtʃaɪldɪʃ/ adj
dziecinny infantylny
behaving immaturely
dziecięcy
suitable for a child

childishly adv
dziecinnie
in a childish manner

childless adj
bezdzietny
not having any children

childminder n
opiekunka do dziecka
person who looks after other people's children

children's home n
dom dziecka
public institution for care of children

chili /ˈt͡ʃɪli/ /ˈt͡ʃɪliː/ n
chili
spicy fresh or dried fruit of capsicum
spice

chili pepper n
papryka chili
fruit

chiliasm /ˈkɪ.lɪæ.z(ə)m/ n
chiliazm millenaryzm
belief in an earthly thousand-year period of peace and prosperity

chill out v
rozluźnić się uspokoić się wyluzować wyluzować się zrelaksować się
relax or take time out

chimera /kaɪˈmɪəɹə/ /kʌɪˈmɪəɹə/ n
Chimera chimera
flame-spewing monster

chimney /tʃɪmni/ n
komin
vertical tube or hollow column; a flue

chimney sweep n
kominiarz
occupation

chimpanzee /tʃɪmˈpæn.zi/ n
szympans
ape

chin /tʃɪn/ n
broda podbródek
bottom of a face

chinchilla /tʃɪnˈtʃɪlə/ n
szynszyla
rodent
fur

chink /tʃɪŋk/ n
szczelina szpara
narrow opening

chip /tʃɪp/ n
frytka frytki
fried strip of potato, french fry
odłamek odłamki
small piece broken off
chips czips
thin, crisp, fried piece of potato or vegetable
żeton żetony
token used in gambling

chipmunk n
pręgowiec
squirrel-like rodent

chirality /kaɪˈɹælɪti/ n
chiralność
handedness in chemistry, physic and mathematics

chiropractor /ˈkaɪ.ɹəˌpɹæk.tə(ɹ)/ n
kręgarz
chiropractor

chirp /tʃɜː(ɹ)p/ n
świergot
birds

chirp /tʃɜː(ɹ)p/ v
świergotać
birds

chisel /ˈtʃɪzəl/ n
dłuto przecinak
tool consisting of a slim oblong block of metal

chitinous adj
chitynowy
made of, pertaining to, or resembling chitin

chitosan n
chitozan
oligosaccharide

chivalry /ˈʃɪvəlɹi/ n
rycerskość
ethical code
Courteous behavior, especially that of men towards women

chive /tʃaɪv/ n
szczypiorek
chives: herb
szczypiorek szczypior czosnek szczypiorek
plant

chlamydia /kləˈmɪd.i.ə/ n
chlamydia
sexually transmitted disease

chlorate n
chloran
any salt of chloric acid

chloric acid n
kwas chlorowy
HClO₃

chloride /ˈklɔːɹaɪd/ n
chlorek
any salt of hydrochloric acid

chlorine /ˈklɔɹin/ /ˈklɔːɹiːn/ n
chlor
chemical element

chlorine dioxide n
dwutlenek chloru
gas ClO₂

chloro- prefix
chlor- chloro-
chemistry: containing chlorine

chloroform /ˈklɔːɹə(ʊ)̩fɔː(ɹ)m/ n
chloroform
(chemistry) an anesthetic

chlorophyll /ˈklɔɹ.ə.fɪl/ /ˈklɔː.ɹə.fɪl/ n
chlorofil
green pigment

chlorophyte n
zielenica
green alga

chocolate /ˈt͡ʃɑk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔːk(ə)lət/ adj
czekoladowy czekolada
colour
made of or containing chocolate

chocolate /ˈt͡ʃɑk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɒk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lət/ /ˈt͡ʃɔk(ə)lɪt/ /ˈt͡ʃɔːk(ə)lət/ n
czekolada
food made from ground roasted cocoa beans
colour
czekoladka pralinka
small piece of confectionery made from chocolate

choice /tʃɔɪs/ adj
wyborowy
especially good or preferred

choice /tʃɔɪs/ n
wybór
option or decision
selection or preference
anything that can be chosen
definite: best or most preferable part

choir /kwaɪə(ɹ)/ /kwaɪɚ/ n
chór
singing group
part of a church for choir assembly
a rank or order of angels

choke /t͡ʃoʊk/ /t͡ʃəʊk/ n
ssanie
control on a carburetor

choke /t͡ʃoʊk/ /t͡ʃəʊk/ v
dławić się krztusić się
be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe
dusić
prevent someone from breathing by strangling them

chokeberry n
aronia
deciduous shrub in genus Aronia
fruit of such a shrub

choker /ˈtʃoʊkɚ/ /ˈtʃəʊkə/ n
dusiciel dusicielka
one who chokes another

cholecystectomy n
cholecystektomia
surgical procedure

cholera /ˈkɒləɹə/ n
cholera
infectious disease

cholesterol n
cholesterol
an essential component of mammalian cell membranes

choose /t͡ʃuːz/ v
wybierać wybrać
to pick
to elect

choosy adj
wybredny
taking care when choosing that what is chosen best suits one's tastes, desires or requirements

chop /tʃɒp/ v
kroić pokroić siekać
to cut into pieces

chop-chop interjection
raz-dwa szybciej
hurry up

chopper /ˈtʃɑ.pɚ/ /ˈtʃɒp.ə/ /ˈtʃɔp.ə/ n
tasak
knife for chopping food

chopstick n
pałeczka
single eating utensil

chord /kɔɹd/ /kɔː(ɹ)d/ n
akord
combination of three or more notes
cięciwa
straight line

chordate /ˈkɔːdeɪt/ /ˈkɔːɹdeɪt/ n
strunowiec
a member of the phylum Chordata

chore /tʃo(ː)ɹ/ /tʃoə/ /tʃɔɹ/ /tʃɔː/ n
zadanie
a difficult, unpleasant, or routine task

chorea n
pląsawica
disease of the nervous system

choreographer n
choreograf choreografka
person who choreographs

choreography /ˌkɔɹ.iˈɒɡ.ɹə.fi/ n
choreografia
art

choroid /ˈkoʊɹɔɪd/ /ˈkɔːɹɔɪd/ n
naczyniówka
vascular layer of the eye

chorus /ˈkɔːɹəs/ n
chór
group of people in a play or performance who recite together
group of singers and dancers in the religious festivals of ancient Greece
singing group who perform together
refren
repeated part of a song
chórek
setting or feature in electronic music

chotki /ˈt͡ʃoʊtki/ /ˈt͡ʃɒtki/ n
czotki
prayer rope

chrestomathy /kɹɛˈstɒməθi/ n
chrestomatia
collection of written passages, used to learn an unfamiliar language

chrism /ˈkɹɪz(ə)m/ n
krzyżmo
mixture of oil and balm

christening n
chrzest chrzciny
Christian sacrament

chromatid /ˈkɹəʊmətɪd/ n
chromatyda
Either of the two strands of a chromosome that separate during mitosis

chrome /kɹoʊm/ /kɹəʊm/ v
chromować pochromować
to plate with chrome

chromium /ˈkɹoʊmi.əm/ n
chrom
chemical element

chromosomal adj
chromosomalny chromosomowy
of, or relating to chromosomes

chromosome /ˈkɹoʊməˌsoʊm/ /ˈkɹəʊ.məˌsəʊm/ n
chromosom
structure in the cell nucleus

chromosphere n
chromosfera
the faint pink extension of a star's atmospheric envelope

chronic /ˈkɹɒnɪk/ adj
przewlekły chroniczny
medical: prolonged or slow to heal
chroniczny
that continues over an extended period of time

chronolatry /kɹəʊˈnɒlətɹɪ/ /kɹəˈnɒlətɹi/ /ˌkɻəˈnɑlətɻi/ n
chronolatria
worship of time

chronological adj
chronologiczny
in order of time from the earliest to the latest

chronology /kɹəˈnɒl.ə.dʒi/ n
chronologia
arrangement into chronological order
determining the order of events

chronometer /kɹəˈnɒm.ə.tə(ɹ)/ n
chronometr
device for measuring time

chrysalis /ˈkɹɪsəlɪs/ n
poczwarka
the pupa of a butterfly or moth

chrysanthemum n
chryzantema złocień
flower

chrysoprase n
chryzopraz
variety of quartz

chthonian /ˈkθoʊni.ən/ /ˈkθəʊnɪən/ /ˈθəʊnɪən/ /ˈθʊni.ən/ adj
chtoniczny
pertaining to the underworld; being beneath the earth

chub /tʃʌb/ n
kleń
Leuciscus cephalus

chubby /ˈtʃʌbi/ adj
pulchny pyzaty
of a person, somewhat fat

chuckle /ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/ n
chichot
a quiet laugh

chuckle /ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/ v
chichotać
to laugh quietly or inwardly

chump /tʃʌmp/ n
matoł
an unintelligent person

chunder /ˈtʃandə/ /ˈtʃɐndə/ n
rzygać wymiotować
vomit

chunky /ˈtʃʌŋki/ adj
przy kości pulchny
euphemism for fat

church /t͡ʃɜːt͡ʃ/ /t͡ʃɝt͡ʃ/ n
kościół wspólnota
a group of people who follow the same Christian religious beliefs
kościół cerkiew
a religious organization
kościół cerkiew zbór
house of worship
liturgia msza nabożeństwo
worship service

church service n
nabożeństwo
communal worship

churn /tʃɜː(ɹ)n/ /tʃɝn/ n
maselnica kierzanka maślnica
vessel for churning

chutney /ˈtʃʌtni/ n
ćatni
condiment

chutzpah /ˈhʊts.pɑ/ /ˈhʊts.pə/ /ˈxʊts.pɑ/ /ˈxʊts.pə/ n
hucpa bezczelność kpina
nearly arrogant courage

cicada /sɪˈkeɪ.də/ n
cykada
any of several insects of the order Hemiptera

cicely n
marchewnik
Myrrhis odorata

cicisbeo /ˌtʃitʃəzˈbeɪoʊ/ /ˌtʃɪtʃɪzˈbeɪəʊ/ n
cicisbeo
Italian knightly servant of a high-born lady

cider /ˈsaɪ̯.də/ /ˈsaɪ̯.dɚ/ [ˈsʌɪ̯.də(ɹ)] n
cydr jabłecznik
alcoholic beverage

cigar /sɪˈɡɑɹ/ /sɪˈɡɑː(ɹ)/ n
cygaro
tobacco product

cigarette /ˈsɪ.ɡə.ɹɛt/ n
papieros
cigarette

cigarette case n
papierośnica
a small flat case for holding cigarettes

cigarette holder n
cygarniczka
a device used to hold a cigarette

cigarillo /ˌsɪɡəˈɹɪloʊ/ n
cygaretka
thin cigar

ciliate n
orzęsek
protozoan of the class Ciliata

cilice n
włosienica
hairshirt

cilium /ˈsɪ.li.əm/ n
rzęska
hairlike organelle projecting from eukaryotic cell

cinema /ˈsɪn.ə.mə/ /ˈsɪn.ɪ.mə/ n
kino
a film/movie theatre
film or movies as a group
kino kinematografia
the art of making films and movies
the film and movie industry

cinematic /sɪnəˈmætɪk/ adj
kinowy
relating to the cinema

cinnabar /ˈsɪnəbɑɹ/ [ˈsɪ.nə.baː(ɹ)] [ˈsɪ.nə.bɑɹ] [ˈsɪ.nə.bɑː(ɹ)] adj
cynobrowy
of a bright red colour

cinnabar /ˈsɪnəbɑɹ/ [ˈsɪ.nə.baː(ɹ)] [ˈsɪ.nə.bɑɹ] [ˈsɪ.nə.bɑː(ɹ)] n
cynober
color
mineral

cinnamon /ˈsɪ.mɪn/ /ˈsɪn.ə.mən/ adj
cynamonowy
color
cynamonowy cynamon
flavor

cinnamon /ˈsɪ.mɪn/ /ˈsɪn.ə.mən/ n
cynamonowiec
Cinnamomum verum
cynamonowy
colour
cynamon cynamonowiec
spice

cipher /ˈsaɪfə/ /ˈsaɪfɚ/ n
szyfr
cryptographic system
method for concealing the meaning of text
cyfra
numeric character

ciphertext n
szyfrogram
encoded text

circa /ˈsɜːkə/ /ˈsɝkə/ preposition
około
approximately, about

circle /ˈsɜɹkəl/ [ˈsɜː.kəɫ] [ˈsɝ.kəɫ] n
koło krąg okrąg
geometry: set of all points in a plane within a radius
okrąg krąg koło
geometry: set of points that are equally distant from a center
koło krąg
specific group of persons
kula koło
thin three-dimensional equivalent of these geometric figures

circle /ˈsɜɹkəl/ [ˈsɜː.kəɫ] [ˈsɝ.kəɫ] v
zakreślić
place or mark a circle around
okrążyć
surround
obchodzić objeżdżać okrążać
travel around along a curved path
krążyć kołować
travel in circles

circle of friends n
krąg przyjaciół
group of close friends

circuit [ˈsɜː.kɪt] [ˈsɝ.kət] n
obieg
act of moving around
obwód
circumference of any space
enclosed path of electric current

circuit breaker n
bezpiecznik
electrical switch

circuitous /sɚˈkjuːətəs/ /sɜːˈkjuːɪtəs/ adj
okrężny
not direct or to the point

circular /ˈsɜːk.jə.lə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɝk.jə.lɚ/ adj
okrągły
in the shape of, or moving in a circle

circular arc n
łuk
continuous section of the circumference of a circle

circum- prefix
około-
prefix meaning "around"

circumcise v
obrzezać obrzezywać
to remove the foreskin from the penis

circumcision n
obrzezanie
removal of foreskin from penis

circumference /sɜːˈkʌm.fɹəns/ /sɝːˈkʌm.fɹəns/ n
obwód
line that bounds a circle or other two-dimensional object

circumfix /səːkəmˈfɪks/ /sɚkəmˈfɪks/ /ˈsəːkəmfɪks/ /ˈsɚkəmfɪks/ n
okołorostek
affix with both a pre- and sufixing part

circumflex /ˈsɜːkəmˌflɛks/ /ˈsɝkəmˌflɛks/ n
daszek
circumflex accent

circumnavigate /ˌsə.kəmˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ /ˌsɝ.kəmˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ v
opłynąć dookoła
to sail completely around something

circumpolar adj
okołobiegunowy
continually visible above the horizon
located or found throughout a polar region

circumscribe /ˈsɜː.kəm.skɹaɪb/ /ˈsɝ.kəm.skɹaɪb/ v
opisać opisywać
to draw a circle, sphere, or higher-dimensional ball
obwieść okrążyć
to draw a line around; encircle
ograniczyć
to limit narrowly; restrict

circumsolar adj
okołosłoneczny
surrounding or moving around the Sun

circumspect /ˈsɜː.kəm.spɛkt/ /ˈsɝ.kəm.spɛkt/ adj
ostrożny
carefully aware of all circumstances

circumstance /ˈsɜːkəmst(ə)ns/ /ˈsɝ.kəm.ˌstæns/ n
okoliczność
that which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event

circus /ˈsɜːkəs/ /ˈsɝkəs/ n
cyrk
company that travels
round open space

cirque /sɜːk/ /sɝk/ n
cyrk lodowcowy
curved depression in a mountainside

cirrhosis /sɪˈɹoʊsɪs/ n
marskość wątroby marskość
chronic disease of the liver

cirrocumulus n
cirrocumulus
a cloud type

cirrus /ˈsɪɹəs/ n
cirrus
cloud

cissoid n
cisoida
cissoid

cistern /ˈsɪs.tən/ /ˈsɪs.tɚn/ n
cysterna
reservoir for holding water

citadel /ˈsɪtədəl/ n
cytadela
a strong fortress that sits high above a city
a stronghold or fortified place

citation /ˌsaɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
cytat
the passage or words quoted; quotation

citation needed phraseologicalUnit
potrzebne źródło
A portion of a wiki needs to be validated by a source.

citizen /ˈsɪtɪzən/ n
cywil obywatel
civilian
obywatel obywatelka
legal member of a state
obywatel mieszkaniec
legal resident of a city

citizen journalism n
dziennikarstwo obywatelskie
reporting by amateurs on the scene of an event

citizenship n
obywatelstwo
state of being a citizen

citron /ˈsɪtɹən/ n
cedrat cytron
fruit

citrus fruit n
cytrus
fruit of genus Citrus

city /sɪtɪ/ /ˈsɪti/ /ˈsɪt̬i/ n
miasto
large settlement

city council n
rada miejska
town/city governing body

city hall /ˈsɪti ˌhɑl/ /ˈsɪti ˌhɔl/ /ˈsɪti ˌhɔːl/ n
ratusz
building

city slicker n
mieszczanin mieszczanka mieszczuch
one accustomed to urban living

civil /ˈsɪv.əl/ adj
cywilny
Related to people and government office as opposed to military or religion

civil disobedience n
obywatelskie nieposłuszeństwo
active and non-violent refusal to obey

civil law n
prawo cywilne
body of law dealing with private relations

civil rights n
prawa obywatelskie
rights deserved by all people under all circumstances

civil servant n
urzędnik państwowy
government employee

civil war n
wojna domowa
war between factions within a single country

civilian /sɪˈvɪljən/ adj
cywilny
not related to the military armed forces

civilization /ˌsɪv.ə.ləˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌsɪv.ə.lɑeˈzæɪ.ʃən] n
cywilizacja
organized culture

civilization /ˌsɪv.ə.ləˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ [ˌsɪv.ə.lɑeˈzæɪ.ʃən] pn
cywilizacja
people of the world considered to have a high standard of behavior

civilized /ˈsɪv.ɪ.laɪzd/ adj
cywilizowany ucywilizowany
having a highly developed society or culture

claim /kleɪm/ n
roszczenie
demand of ownership

claim /kleɪm/ v
twierdzić
to state a new fact

clairvoyance /klɛəˈvɔɪəns/ /klɛɹˈvɔɪəns/ n
jasnowidzenie jasnowidztwo
the power to perceive objects that are not accessible to the senses

clairvoyant /ˌklɛəˈvɔɪ.ənt/ /ˌklɛɹˈvɔɪ.ənt/ n
jasnowidz
person able to foresee the future
person able to see things that cannot be perceived by the normal senses

clan /klæn/ n
klan
group having common ancestor
group of players who habitually play on the same team in multiplayer games

clandestine /klænˈdɛstɪn/ adj
konspiracyjny pokątny tajny ukryty
done or kept in secret

clap /klæp/ n
klask
The act of striking the palms of the hands, or any two surfaces, together

clap /klæp/ v
klaskać
To applaud by clapping the hands
To strike the palms of the hands together

claptrap /ˈklæpˌtɹæp/ n
mowa-trawa pustosłowie
empty verbiage or nonsense

claque /ˈklæk/ n
klaka
people hired to applaud or boo

clarification /ˌklæɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
klaryfikacja
clarification of ideas, meaning, etc

clarify /ˈklæɹɪfaɪ/ v
oczyszczać oczyścić wyjaśniać wyjaśnić
to make clear or bright by freeing from feculent matter

clarinet /ˌklæɹɪˈnɛt/ n
klarnet
woodwind musical instrument

clarity /ˈklæɹɪti/ n
jasność klarowność
the state or measure of being clear

class /klæs/ /klɑːs/ n
klasa
(programming, object-oriented) set of objects possibly differing in state but not behavior
admirable behavior; elegance
category of seats in an airplane, train or other means of mass transportation
division of society into classes
group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher
group, collection, category or set sharing characteristics or attributes
social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc.
group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year
classification below Phylum and above Order
kurs
series of classes covering a single subject

classic /ˈklæ.sɪk/ adj
klasyczny
exemplary of a particular style
exhibiting timeless quality

classical /ˈklæsɪkl̩/ adj
klasyczny
literature etc

classical music n
muzyka poważna
the more serious forms of European and American music

classicism n
klasycyzm
classical traditions of the art and architecture of ancient Greece and Rome

classicistic adj
klasycystyczny
of or pertaining to classicism

classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
klasyfikacja
act of forming into classes

classified adj
niejawny zastrzeżony
formally assigned to a level of sensitivity

classify /ˈklæsɪfaɪ/ v
klasyfikować
identify or divide into classes

classmate /ˈklɑːs.meɪt/ n
kolega z klasy koleżanka z klasy
student who is in the same class at school

classroom /ˈklɑːsɹʊm/ n
klasa aula
room in a school

claustrophobia n
klaustrofobia
fear of closed, tight places

clavichord /ˈklæv.ɪˌkɔɹd/ /ˈklæv.ɪˌkɔːd/ n
klawikord
early keyboard instrument

clavicle n
obojczyk
collar bone

clavicytherium /ˌklæv.ə.saɪˈθɪə.ɹi.əm/ /ˌklæv.ə.saɪˈθɪə.ɹɪ.əm/ n
claviciterium klawicyterium
harpsichord in which the soundboard and strings are mounted vertically facing the player

claw /klɑ/ /klɔ/ /klɔː/ n
pazur
curved horny nail
szpon
foot equipped with such
kleszcze szczypce
mechanical device for gripping

claw /klɑ/ /klɔ/ /klɔː/ v
drapać
scratch or tear at

clay /kleɪ/ n
glina ił
mineral substance

claystone n
iłowiec
sedimentary rock composed of fine, clay particles

clean /kleːn/ /klin/ /kliːn/ adj
czysty
not dirty
slang: cool or neat
przyzwoity
pure, especially morally or religiously

clean /kleːn/ /klin/ /kliːn/ v
czyścić
(intransitive) to make things clean
czyścić oczyszczać oczyścić sprzątać
(transitive) to remove dirt from a place or object

clean and jerk n
podrzut
in weightlifting

clean sheet n
czyste konto
game played without having conceded a goal

clean up v
posprzątać sprzątać
to make an area or a thing clean

cleaner /ˈkli.nɚ/ /ˈkliː.nə/ n
sprzątacz sprzątaczka
person who cleans

cleaning /ˈkliːnɪŋ/ n
czyszczenie sprzątanie
action in which something is cleaned

cleanliness /ˈklɛnlinəs/ n
czystość czystota
the property of being cleanly

cleanse /klɛnz/ v
oczyścić
clean, purify
spiritually purify

clear /klɪə(ɹ)/ /klɪɹ/ adj
jasny
free of ambiguity or doubt
pogodny
without clouds

clear /klɪə(ɹ)/ /klɪɹ/ v
czyścić wymazać
computing: reset; return to zero

clear cut adj
jasny
straightforward

clearcutting n
zrąb
forestry practice

clearing /ˈklɪəɹɪŋ/ /ˈklɪɹɪŋ/ n
poręba
area of land within a wood or forest devoid of trees

cleartext n
tekst jawny tekst otwarty
unencrypted text

cleat /kliːt/ n
knaga
device to secure a rope

cleavage /ˈklivɪdʒ/ /ˈkliːvɪdʒ/ n
łupliwość
mineralogy: tendency of a crystal to split

cleaver /ˈklivɚ/ n
tasak
a squarish knife used for hacking

clef n
klucz
musical symbol

cleft /klɛft/ n
szczelina
opening made or as if made by splitting

clematis /ˈklɛmətɪs/ n
powojnik
any plant of the genus Clematis

clementine /ˈklɛməntaɪn/ n
klementynka
citrus fruit

clergy /ˈklɜːdʒi/ /ˈklɝdʒi/ n
kler duchowieństwo
people trained to officiate at religious ceremonies and services

cleric /klɛɹɪk/ n
duchowny
clergy member

clerical /ˈklɛɹɪkəl/ adj
biurowy
of or relating to clerks or their work

clerical collar n
koloratka
collar worn by clergy

clerihew /ˈklɛɹɨˌhjuː/ /ˈklɛɹɪ̈ˌhju/ n
clerihew
rhyme of four lines, usually regarding a person

clever /ˈklɛvɚ/ adj
sprytny bystry zdolny zmyślny
mentally quick or sharp

cliché /kliːˈʃeɪ/ /ˈkliːʃeɪ/ n
komunał banał frazes
overused phrase or expression

clichéd adj
schematyczny sztampowy wtórny
repeated often

click /klɪk/ n
klik kliknięcie
act of pressing a button on a computer mouse
mlask
in phonetics
pstryk trzask
sharp sound

click /klɪk/ v
klikać kliknąć
transitive: operate so as to make click
klikać kliknąć wcisnąć
transitive: press and release (button on a mouse)

client /ˈklaɪ.ənt/ /ˈklʌɪənt/ n
klient klientka kupujący usługobiorca
a customer or receiver of services
klient
computing: the role of a computer application or system

clientele /klaɪ.n̩ˈtɛl/ n
klientela
body of clients who frequent an establishment

cliff /klɪf/ n
klif
a (near) vertical rock face

climate /ˈklaɪmɪt/ n
klimat
long-term atmospheric conditions
context in general of a particular political, moral etc. situation

climate change n
zmiany klimatu
changes in the Earth's climate

climatology n
klimatologia
science

climb /klaɪm/ n
wchodzenie wejście wspinaczka
an act of climbing

climb /klaɪm/ v
wspinać się
to ascend, to go up
to practice the sport of climbing
leźć łazić
to mount, to move upwards on
wdrapywać się
to move by using the hands and feet

cling /ˈklɪŋ/ v
przylgnąć
hold tightly

clingy /ˈklɪŋi/ adj
przylepny
having a tendency to cling

clinic /ˈklɪnɪk/ n
klinika
medical facility

clinical psychology n
psychologia kliniczna
branch of psychology

clipboard n
schowek
in computing: buffer for temporary storage

clipper n
kliper
fast sailing ship

clique /kliːk/ /ˈklɪk/ n
koteria stronnictwo
klika
small, exclusive group

clitic /ˈklɪ.tɪk/ n
klityka
morpheme attached to another word

clitoridectomy n
klitoridektomia
surgical procedure

clitoris /ˈklɪtəɹɪs/ n
łechtaczka
elongated erectile organ

cloak /ˈkloʊk/ n
peleryna
cape

cloakroom n
szatnia
room for coats

clock /klɑk/ /klɒk/ n
zegar
instrument to measure or keep track of time

clock face n
cyferblat tarcza
the surface of a clock that contains the dial and hands

clockmaker n
zegarmistrz zegarmistrzyni
person who makes clocks

clockwise /ˈklɒkwaɪz/ adj
zgodny z ruchem wskazówek zegara
moving clockwise

clockwise /ˈklɒkwaɪz/ adv
zgodnie z ruchem wskazówek zegara
in a circular fashion in the same direction as the hands of an analogue clock

clod /klɑd/ /klɒd/ n
grudka
lump of something, especially of earth or clay

clog /klɑɡ/ /klɒɡ/ n
drewniak
a type of shoe with an inflexible, often wooden sole and an open heel

clog /klɑɡ/ /klɒɡ/ v
zapchać zapychać
to block or slow passage through

cloister /ˈklɔɪstə/ /ˈklɔɪstɚ/ n
krużganek
covered walk with an open colonnade
klasztor krużganek
place devoted to religious seclusion

clone /kloʊn/ /kləʊn/ n
klon
copy of something already existing
living organism (originally a plant)

clone /kloʊn/ /kləʊn/ v
klonować sklonować
create a clone

clop /klɒp/ n
tętent
The sound of a horse's shod hoof striking the ground

close /kloʊz/ /kləʊz/ adj
bliski
at a little distance

close /kloʊz/ /kləʊz/ v
zamykać zamknąć
move (a door)
obstruct (an opening)
put an end to

close, but no cigar phraseologicalUnit
prawie robi wielką różnicę
that's almost correct, but not quite

closed /kloʊzd/ /kləʊzd/ adj
domknięty
having an open complement
zamknięty
not open
in mathematics, such that its image under the specified operation is contained in it
not operating or conducting trade

closet /ˈklɑzɪt/ /ˈklɒzɪt/ n
szafa
furniture
komórka
small private chamber

closure /ˈkloʊ.ʒɝ/ /ˈkləʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/ n
domknięcie
mathematical set

clot /klɒt/ n
skrzep
blood clot
grudka
solidified mass of any liquid

clot /klɒt/ v
krzepnąć
to form into a clot

cloth /kloʊθ/ /klɑθ/ /klɒθ/ /klɔːθ/ /klɔθ/ n
tkanina materiał
woven fabric

clothes /kloʊ(ð)z/ /kloʊðz/ /kləʊ(ð)z/ /kləʊðz/ n
odzież ubranie ubrania
apparel

clothes don't make the man proverb
nie szata zdobi człowieka
clothes don't make the man

clothes dryer n
suszarka do ubrań
appliance

clothes moth n
mól
insect

clothes peg n
klamerka
an object used to attach wet laundry to a clothesline

clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/ /ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ n
odzież odzienie ubrania
clothes

cloud /klaʊd/ n
chmura obłok
mass of dust, steam or smoke
visible mass of water droplets suspended in the air
anything which makes things foggy or gloomy
group of objects suspended above the ground or flying
chmura
the Internet

cloud up v
chmurzyć się pochmurnieć
to become cloudy

cloud-cuckoo-land /klaʊdˈkʊkuːlænd/ n
Chmurny Kukułczyn
imaginary place with unrealistic or silly people

cloudberry /ˈklaʊdˌbɛɹi/ n
malina moroszka moroszka
fruit

cloudburst /ˈklaʊdˌbɜːst/ /ˈklaʊdˌbɝst/ n
oberwanie chmury
sudden heavy rainstorm

clouded leopard n
pantera mglista
medium sized arboreal cat

cloudiness n
pochmurność
weather

cloudy /ˈklaʊdi/ /ˈklaʊːdɪ/ /ˈkɫaʊdi/ adj
pochmurny zachmurzony
covered with or characterised by clouds

clout /klaʊt/ /klʌʊt/ n
znaczenie polityczne
influence, effectiveness

clove /kloʊv/ /kləʊv/ n
drzewo goździkowe goździkowiec korzenny
Syzygium aromaticum
goździki goździk
spice
ząbek
constitutive bulb of garlic

cloven hoof n
racica
divided hoof, as on bovine animals

clover /ˈkloʊ.vɚ/ /ˈkləʊ.və(ɹ)/ n
koniczyna dzięcielina
plant in genus Trifolium

clown /klaʊn/ n
klaun klown
performance artist working in a circus
pajac
person acting in a silly fashion

club /klʌb/ n
klub stowarzyszenie
association of members
kij
hitting implement
trefl
playing card symbol, ♣
maczuga
weapon

clubs /klʌbz/ n
trefl
one of the four suits of playing cards, marked with the symbol ♣

cluck /klʌk/ n
gdakanie
sound made by hen

cluck /klʌk/ v
gdakać
to produce cluck sound

clue /kluː/ n
podpowiedź
information that may lead one to a certain point or conclusion

clueless /ˈkluː.ləs/ adj
zielony
lacking knowledge or understanding

clumsy /ˈklʌmzi/ adj
niezgrabny
awkward or inefficient in use or construction
niezdarny niezgrabny
awkward, lacking coordination, not graceful, not dextrous

clunker /ˈklʌŋkɚ/ n
grat rupieć złom
anything in poor condition or of poor quality
dezel grat gruchot rupieć rzęch strucel
decrepit motor car

cluster /ˈklʌstə/ /ˈklʌstɚ/ n
grono
a bunch of grapes
klaster
group of computers working together
secundal chord of three or more notes
zbitka
group of consonants
gromada
group of galaxies or stars
skupisko
group or bunch of something
kasetowy
set of bombs or mines

clusterfuck /ˈklʌs.təˌfʌk/ /ˈklʌs.tɚˌfʌk/ n
burdel chujnia jebutnia pierdolnia rozpierducha sraka
a chaotic situation

clutch /klʌt͡ʃ/ n
sprzęgło
A device to interrupt power transmission
pedał sprzęgła sprzęgło
The pedal in a car that disengages power transmission

cluttered adj
zaśmiecony
scattered with a disorderly mixture of objects

clypeus /ˈklɪpɪəs/ n
nadustek
front part of an insect's head or a spider's cephalothorax

cnidarian /nɪˈdɛːɹɪən/ /nʌɪˈdɛːɹɪən/ n
parzydełkowiec
any of various invertebrate animals that belong to the phylum Cnidaria

cnidocyte n
parzydełko
stinging capsule found in cnidarians

co- /kɒ/ /ˈkoʊ-/ prefix
współ-
together, mutually, jointly

co-ed /ˈkoʊˌɛd/ adj
koedukacyjny
that mixes males and females
that teaches both males and females

co-ed /ˈkoʊˌɛd/ n
studentka
dated: young woman who attends college

co-religionist /kəʊɹɪˈlɪdʒənɪst/ n
współwyznawca współwyznawczyni
a fellow follower of one's religion

coach /koʊtʃ/ /kəʊtʃ/ n
autokar
long-distance bus
wagon
rail passenger car
trener trenerka
trainer
kareta powóz
wheeled vehicle drawn by horse power

coach /koʊtʃ/ /kəʊtʃ/ v
trenować
sports: train

coach driver n
woźnica
driver of a horse-drawn coach

coachwork n
karoseria
body of a motor vehicle

coal /koʊl/ /kəʊl/ n
węgiel
uncountable: carbon rock
countable: carbon rock
smouldering material

coal tit n
sosnówka sikora sosnówka
coal tit

coalfield n
zagłębie
region containing deposits of coal

coalition /koʊəˈlɪʃən/ n
koalicja
group of organizations

coalman n
węglarz
someone who delivers coal
someone who sells coal

coaming /ˈkəʊ.mɪŋ/ n
zrębnica
on a boat, the vertical side of the hatch

coarsely adv
gburowato grubiańsko
in a coarse manner

coast /koʊst/ /kəʊst/ n
wybrzeże brzeg
edge of land meeting ocean, sea, gulf, bay

coast guard n
straż przybrzeżna
enforcer of maritime law

coaster /kəʊ.stə(ɹ)/ n
podstawka
piece of material used to protect the surface of a table

coat /koʊt/ /kəʊt/ n
warstwa
covering of material, such as paint
sierść
fur or feathers
płaszcz
outer garment covering the upper torso and arms

coat /koʊt/ /kəʊt/ v
pokrywać pokryć
to cover with a coat of some material

coat hanger n
wieszak
device used to hang up coats, shirts, etc

coat of arms n
herb
hereditary design depicted on an escutcheon

coati /koʊˈɑti/ /kəʊˈɑːti/ n
ostronos
any of several animals of the genus Nasua

coauthor n
współautor współautorka
author who collaborate with another to write something

cobalt /ˈkoʊ.bɑlt/ /ˈkəʊ.bɒlt/ n
kobalt
chemical element

cobber /ˈkɒb.ə(ɹ)/ n
stary
Australian: a pal, buddy, mate, friend

cobbler n
szewc szewczyni
person who repairs shoes
gliniarz
policeman

cobblestone /ˈkɑbl̩ˌstoʊn/ /ˈkɒbl̩ˌstəʊn/ n
brukowiec bruk otoczak
a rounded stone

cobra /ˈkoʊbɹə/ /ˈkəʊbɹə/ n
kobra
venomous snake

coca /ˈkoʊkə/ /ˈkəʊkə/ n
koka
the dried leaf of a South American shrub (Erythroxylon coca)

cocaine /koʊˈkeɪn/ n
kokaina
the narcotic

coccus /ˈkɑ.kəs/ n
ziarniak
type of bacterium

coccyx /ˈkɑksɪks/ /ˈkɒksɪks/ n
kość guziczna
(anatomy) final fused vertebrae

cock /kɑk/ /kɒk/ n
kurka
any male bird

cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɑkəˌdudəlˈdu/ /ˌkɒkəˌduːdəlˈduː/ interjection
kukuryku
cry of the rooster

cockade /kɑˈkeɪd/ /kɒkˈeɪd/ n
kokarda
a rosette worn in a hat as an office or party badge

cockatoo n
kakadu
a bird

cockchafer n
chrabąszcz chrabąszcz majowy
beetle of genus Melolontha

cockerel /ˈkɑkəɹəl/ /ˈkɒkəɹəl/ n
kogucik
young male chicken

cockle /ˈkɒkl̩/ n
sercówka
any of various edible European bivalve mollusks

cocklebur n
rzepień
any of the coarse composite weeds of the genus Xanthium, with a prickly fruit

cockpit n
kokpit kabina pilotów
space for pilot and crew in an aircraft

cockroach n
karaluch
type of insect

cockscomb n
grzebień
fleshy red crest of a rooster

cocksucker n
lachociąg obciągacz obciągara
a fellator
lachociąg
an objectionable person

cocksure adj
pewny siebie
overconfident

cocktail n
koktajl
alcoholic beverage

coco-de-mer /ˌkəʊkəʊdəˈmɛː/ n
lodoicja seszelska
tree

cocoa /ˈkoʊ.koʊ/ /ˈkəʊ.kəʊ/ adj
kakaowy
of a light to medium brown colour

cocoa /ˈkoʊ.koʊ/ /ˈkəʊ.kəʊ/ n
kakao
hot drink
partially fermented seeds of cacao tree

cocoa powder n
kakao
powder from cocoa solids

coconut /ˈkoʊ.kə.nʌt/ /ˈkəʊ.kə.nʌt/ n
orzech kokosowy kokos
fruit of coco palm

cocoon /kəˈkuːn/ n
kokon
protective case

cod /kɑd/ /kɒd/ n
dorsz
marine fish of the family Gadidae

cod liver oil n
tran
nutritional supplement

coddle /ˈkɒdəl/ v
rozpieszczać
to treat gently or with great care

code /koʊd/ /kəʊd/ n
kodeks
body of law
kod szyfr
cryptographic system
kod
instructions for a computer
set of rules for converting information

code /koʊd/ /kəʊd/ v
kodować
cryptography: to encode

code monkey n
klepacz kodu
a computer programmer

codec n
kodek
A device or program capable of performing transformations on a data stream or signal

codeine /ˈkoʊdin/ n
kodeina
addictive alkaloid narcotic

codex /ˈkoʊ.dɛks/ /ˈkəʊdɛks/ n
kodeks
early book

codify /ˈkɑ.dɨˌfaɪ/ /ˈkəʊ.dɨˌfaɪ/ v
kodyfikować
to reduce to a code

coding n
kodowanie
process of encoding or decoding
programowanie
process of writing computer software code

codomain /ˌkoʊ.doʊˈmeɪn/ n
przeciwdziedzina
target set of a function

codpiece /ˈkɒdˌpiːs/ n
mieszek saczek
part of male dress to cover genitals
saczek
protection for the male genitals in suit of armor

coefficient /ˌkəʊ.ɪˈfɪʃn̩t/ n
współczynnik
algebraic constant

coefficient of friction n
współczynnik tarcia
ratio

coelenterate /sɪˈlɛntəɹət/ n
jamochłon
member of the former phylum Coelenterata

coeliac disease n
celiakia
auto-immune disease characterised by sensitivity of the lining of the small intestine to gluten

coerce /koʊˈɝs/ /kəʊˈɜːs/ v
zniewolić
to use force, threat, or intimidation in attempt to compel one to act against their will

coercion /koʊˈɝʒən/ n
przymus
actual or threatened force for the purpose of compelling action by another person

coevolution n
koewolucja
evolution featuring mutual adaptation

coffee /ˈkɑ.fi/ /ˈkɒ.fi/ /ˈkɔ.fi/ /ˈkɔː.fɪ/ adj
kawowy kawa
of a pale brown colour

coffee /ˈkɑ.fi/ /ˈkɒ.fi/ /ˈkɔ.fi/ /ˈkɔː.fɪ/ n
ziarna kawy kawa
beans
kawa
beverage
kawowy kawa
colour
kawowiec kawa
plant

coffee cup n
filiżanka
cup for coffee

coffee grinder n
młynek do kawy
a device for pulverizing or powdering coffee beans

coffee pot n
imbryk do kawy
pot for coffee

coffeemaker n
ekspres do kawy
kitchen apparatus used to brew and filter coffee

coffin /ˈkɑfɪn/ /ˈkɒfɪn/ /ˈkɔfɪn/ n
trumna
box in which a dead person is buried

cofinal adj
współkońcowy
containing elements at least as late as any given element of the containing set

cofinality n
współkońcowość
the property of being cofinal

cogeneration n
kogeneracja
simultaneous or serial production of heat and electricity from the same source

cognac /ˈkɒn.jæk/ n
koniak
type of brandy

cognate /ˈkɒɡ.neɪt/ /ˈkɒɡ.nɨt/ adj
pokrewny
kindred by birth

cognition /kɑɡˈnɪʃən/ /kɒɡˈnɪʃən/ n
percepcja poznanie
process of knowing

cognitive /ˈkɒɡnɪtɪv/ adj
poznawczy
relating to mental functions

cognitive psychology n
psychologia poznawcza
branch of psychology

coherence n
koherencja
quality of cohering; of being coherent

coherent /koʊˈhɛɹənt/ /koːˈhiɹənt/ /kəʊˈhɪəɹənt/ adj
koherentny
of waves having the same direction, wavelength and phase
orderly, logical and consistent

cohesion /koʊˈhiʒən/ n
spójność
the state of cohering, or of sticking together
kohezja
the various intermolecular forces that hold solids and liquids together

cohyponym n
kohiponim
a word or phrase that shares the same hypernym as another word or phrase

coil /kɔɪl/ n
cewka
electrical
zwój
something wound

coin /kɔɪn/ n
moneta bilon
(currency) a piece of currency

coin /kɔɪn/ v
wymyślić
to make up or invent, and establish

coin purse n
portmonetka
small bag or pouch for coins

coincidence /kəʊ̯ˈɪnsɪdəns/ n
koincydencja zbieg okoliczności
state of events appearing to be connected when they are not

coincident /ˈkəʊˌɪn.sɪ.dn̩t/ adj
równoczesny
occurring at the same time

coke /koʊk/ /kəʊk/ n
koks
coal product
koka
short for cocaine

coke /koʊk/ /kəʊk/ v
koksować
to produce coke
to turn into coke

colander /ˈkʌləndəɹ/ n
durszlak
a bowl-shaped kitchen utensil with holes in it used for draining food such as pasta

colchicine n
kolchicyna
alkaloid

cold /koʊld/ /kəʊld/ adj
zimny chłodny
having a low temperature
przeziębiony chłodny
of a person
chłodny oziębły
unfriendly
nieprzygotowany
unprepared

cold /koʊld/ /kəʊld/ n
przeziębienie
illness
zimno mróz chłód ziąb
low temperature

cold day in Hell n
jak rak świśnie a ryba piśnie
an event that will never happen

cold fish n
zimna ryba
heartless individual

cold front n
front chłodny
leading edge of an advancing mass of cold air

cold fusion n
zimna fuzja
hypothetical form of nuclear fusion

cold war n
zimna wojna
a period of hostile relations

colectomy n
kolektomia
surgical procedure

coleslaw /ˈkəʊlslɔː/ n
coleslaw colesław kolesław
a salad

collaborate /kəˈlabəɹeɪt/ v
kolaborować
to cooperate treasonably
współpracować
to work together on a piece of work

collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
współpraca
act of collaborating
kolaboracja
treasonous cooperation

collaborator /kəˈlæbəɹeɪtə/ /kəˈlæbəɹeɪtɚ/ n
kolaborant kolaborantka
person who cooperates traitorously with an enemy

collage /kɒˈlɑːʒ/ /kəˈlɑʒ/ n
kolaż
picture made by sticking other pictures onto a surface

collapse /kəˈlæps/ n
zapaść
act of collapsing

collapse /kəˈlæps/ v
zapadać się
to fall down suddenly; to cave in

collar /ˈkɑ.lɚ/ /ˈkɒl.ə/ n
obroża
device for restraining animal
kołnierz
fabric garment part fitting around throat
korona
the neck or line of junction between the root of a plant and its stem

collared antshrike n
mrowiec luskolicy
passerine bird

collared peccary n
pekari obrożny
mammal

collared pratincole n
żwirowiec łąkowy
Glareola pratincola

colleague /ˈkɑliɡ/ n
kolega koleżanka
fellow member of a profession

collect /kəˈlɛkt/ v
kolekcjonować
to accumulate items for a hobby
gromadzić zbierać zebrać zgromadzić
to gather together
odbierać ściągać
to get from someone

collection /kəˈlɛkʃən/ n
zbieranie
activity of collecting
zrzutka składka
gathering of money for charitable or other purposes
zbiór
set of items

collective /kəˈlɛktɪv/ adj
zbiorowy
in grammar

collectivism n
kolektywizm
An system in which the means are owned and controlled by people collectively

collectivization n
kolektywizacja
the act of collectivizing

collector /kəˈlɛktə(ɹ)/ /kəˈlɛktɚ/ n
kolektor
amplified terminal on a bipolar junction transistor
zbieracz kolekcjoner
person or thing that collects

college /ˈkɑlɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈkɒlɪd͡ʒ/ n
szkoła wyższa
institution of higher education

collenchyma /kəˈlɛŋkəmə/ n
kolenchyma zwarcica
a supporting ground tissue just under the surface of various leaf structures formed before vascular differentiation

collider n
zderzacz
particle accelerator

collier /ˈkɑliɚ/ /ˈkɒlɪə(ɹ)/ n
węglarz
person
węglowiec
vessel

collision /kəˈlɪʒən/ n
kolizja zderzenie
instance of colliding

collocation /ˌkɒləˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌkɔloʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
kolokacja
grouping of words that commonly occur together

colloid /ˈkɒlɔɪd/ n
koloid
stable system of two phases

colloquial /kəˈloʊ.kwi.əl/ /kəˈləʊ.kwɪəl/ adj
potoczny kolokwialny obiegowy swobodny
of oral communication language

colloquialism n
kolokwializm potocyzm wyrażenie potoczne
colloquial expression
język obiegowy język pospolity język potoczny język powszechny język swobodny mowa potoczna
colloquial style of speaking

colloquially adv
kolokwialnie potocznie
in a colloquial manner

colocolo n
kolokolo kot pampasowy ocelot pampasowy
Leopardus colocolo

cologne /kəˈloʊn/ /kəˈləʊn/ n
woda kolońska
eau de Cologne

colon /kəˈloʊn/ /kəˈlɒn/ /ˈkoʊ.lən/ /ˈkəʊ.lən/ n
okrężnica
the last part of the digestive system

colon /ˈkoʊ.lən/ /ˈkoʊlən/ /ˈkəʊ.lən/ n
dwukropek
punctuation mark

colonel /ˈkɜːnəl/ /ˈkɝnəl/ n
pułkownik
commissioned office in the armed services

colonialism n
kolonializm
colonial domination policy

colonization n
kolonizacja
process of establishing a colony

colony /ˈkɑləniː/ /ˈkɒl.əni/ n
kolonia
region or governmental unit
group of organisms

color /ˈkʌl.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈkʌl.ɚ/ n
kolor
any of the standard dark tinctures used in a coat of arms
barwa odcień
hue as opposed to achromatic colors
kolor skóry
human skin tone, especially as an indicator of race or ethnicity
koloryt
interest, especially in a selective area
kolor barwa
spectral composition of visible light
particular set of the visible spectrum

color /ˈkʌl.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈkʌl.ɚ/ v
barwić kolorować zabarwiać
give something color

color blindness n
ślepota barw daltonizm
condition in which the ability to see colors is impaired

colored pencil n
kredka
pencil with coloured core

colorful /ˈkʌləfəl/ /ˈkʌlɚfəl/ adj
kolorowy wielobarwny
possessing prominent and varied colors

coloring book n
kolorowanka
a type of book

colossal /kəˈlɒsəl/ adj
kolosalny
extremely large

colossus n
kolos
a statue of gigantic size
any creature or thing of gigantic size

colostrum /kəˈlɒstɹəm/ n
młodziwo siara mleziwo
a form of milk

colourless /ˈkʌlə(ɹ).ləs/ adj
bezbarwny
having no colour

colposcope /ˈkɒlpəskəʊp/ n
kolposkop
a form of endoscope

colt /koʊlt/ /kəʊlt/ n
źrebak ogierek
young male horse

coltsfoot n
podbiał
Tussilago farfara

columbarium n
kolumbarium
a place for the respectful and usually public storage of cinerary urns

columbine /ˈkɒləmbaɪn/ n
orlik
any plant of the genus Aquilegia

column /ˈkɑljəm/ /ˈkɑləm/ /ˈkɒləm/ n
kolumna
column of troops
newspaper column
vertical line of entries in a table
kolumna słup
upright supporting member

columnist /ˈkɑ.ləm.nɪst/ /ˈkɒ.lə.mɪst/ n
felietonista
regular writer of a column

colza n
rzepak
cabbage variety

coma /ˈkoʊmə/ /ˈkəʊmə/ n
śpiączka koma
Deep sleep
koma
Cloud surrounding a comet nucleus

comb /koʊm/ /kəʊm/ n
grzebień grzebyk
toothed implement for grooming the hair

comb /koʊm/ /kɒmb/ /kəʊm/ v
czesać
to groom the hair with a toothed implement
przeczesywać
to search thoroughly as if raking over an area with a comb

combat /kəmˈbæt/ /ˈkɑmˌbæt/ /ˈkɒmˌbæt/ n
walka
a battle; a fight

combat /kəmˈbæt/ /ˈkɑmˌbæt/ /ˈkɒmˌbæt/ v
zwalczać
to fight; to struggle for victory

comber /ˈkoʊmɚ/ /ˈkɑmbɚ/ /ˈkɒmbə/ /ˈkəʊmə/ n
postrzygacz
person who combs wool

combinatorics n
kombinatoryka
a branch of mathematics

combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ /ˈkɑm.baɪn/ /ˈkɒm.baɪn/ n
kombinat
industrial conglomeration in the Soviet bloc

combine driver n
kombajnista
one who drives a combine

combine harvester /ˈkɑmˌbaɪn ˈhɑɹvəstəɹ/ n
kombajn
combine

combover n
pożyczka zaczeska
A manner of combing hair to conceal a bald spot

combustion /kəmˈbʌs.tʃən/ n
spalanie
the act or process of burning

combustion chamber n
komora spalania
space in a heat engine

come /kʌm/ v
przychodzić przyjść przyjechać przyjeżdżać
to move nearer
dochodzić dojść
to orgasm

come across v
natrafić natknąć się na
find, usually by accident

come again v
zapraszamy ponownie
polite farewell, inviting return visit

come back v
wracać wrócić
(intransitive) To return to a place

come in handy v
przydawać się przydać się
to prove to be useful or helpful

come on /ˈkʌm ˌɔn/ /ˈkʌm ˌɔːn/ interjection
coś ty ej no ja cię proszę ja nie mogę kaman no co ty
expression of disbelief
dalej hajda dalejże dawaj hajże no
expression of encouragement

come on to v
flirtować podrywać
make a romantic or sexual advance to

come upon v
natknąć się
to come across; to discover

comedy /ˈkɑmədi/ /ˈkɒmədi/ n
komedia
dramatic work that is light and humorous or satirical in tone
a choric song of celebration or revel
(medieval Europe) a narrative poem with an agreeable ending
a light, amusing play with a happy ending

comely /ˈkʌmli/ adj
urodziwy
pleasing or attractive to the eye

comet /ˈkɒmət/ n
kometa
a celestial body, generally with a tail

comfort /kʌmˈfɔɹt/ /ˈkʌm.fət/ /ˈkʌm.fəɹt/ n
pociecha
consolation
komfort wygoda
contentment, ease

comfort woman n
kobieta do towarzystwa
forced prostitute

comfortable /ˈkɐm.fɘ.tɘ.bɘl/ /ˈkʌm.fə.tə.bəl/ /ˈkʌm.fəɹ.tə.bəl/ adj
wygodny wygodna
providing physical comfort and ease

comforter /ˈkʌmfətə/ /ˈkʌmfəɹtəɹ/ n
pocieszyciel pocieszycielka
person who comforts

comfrey /ˈkʌm.fɹi/ n
żywokost
perennial herb

comic /ˈkɑmɪk/ /ˈkɒmɪk/ n
komiks
cartoon story
komik
comedian

comical /ˈkɑmɪkəl/ /ˈkɒmɪkəl/ adj
śmieszny
being funny, whimsically amusing

comics n
komiks
artistic medium
collection of comic strips

comma /ˈkɑm.ə/ /ˈkɒm.ə/ n
rusałka ceik
butterfly
przecinek
punctuation mark ','

command /kəˈmænd/ /kəˈmɑːnd/ n
komenda polecenie
computing: directive to a computer program
rozkaz komenda
order

commander /kəˈmandə/ /kəˈmændɚ/ /kəˈmɑːndə/ n
dowódca
one who exercises control and direction of a military or naval organization

commander in chief n
naczelny wódz
Supreme commander of the armed forces of an entire country

commanding officer n
dowódca
officer in command of a military unit

commandment /kəˈmændmənt/ /kəˈmɑːndmənt/ n
przykazanie
a command or edict

commando /kəˈmændoʊ/ /kəˈmɑːn.dəʊ/ n
komandos
commando trooper
komando
small fighting force

commemorate /kəˈmɛməˌɹeɪt/ v
uczcić pamięć
to honor the memory of someone or something
upamiętniać upamiętnić
to serve as memorial to someone or something

commemoration n
upamiętnienie
act of commemorating

commence /kəˈmɛns/ v
poczać poczynać
begin, start

commendable /kəˈmɛndəbəl/ adj
chwalebny godny pochwały
worthy of commendation

commensal adj
komensaliczny
of a form of symbiosis

commensal n
komensal
organism partaking in a commensal relationship

commensalism /kəˈmɛnsəˌlɪzm̩/ n
komensalizm
sharing of the same environment

commensurate /kəˈmɛnʃəɹət/ adj
współmierny
proportionate; of a similar measurable standard

comment /ˈkɑmɛnt/ /ˈkɒmɛnt/ n
komentarz
spoken remark
programming: remark not affecting behavior

comment /ˈkɑmɛnt/ /ˈkɒmɛnt/ v
komentować zakomentować
programming: to insert comments
komentować
to remark

comment out v
wykomentować zakomentować
disable a section of source code

commentary n
komentarz
A series of comments or annotations

commentator /ˈkɑmənˌteɪtəɹ/ n
komentator
person who comments

commenter n
komentator
one who comments

commerce /ˈkɑm.ɚs/ /ˈkɒm.əs/ n
handel
large scale trade

commercial /kəˈmɜːʃəl/ /kəˈmɝʃəl/ adj
komercyjny
of or pertaining to commerce

commercial /kəˈmɜːʃəl/ /kəˈmɝʃəl/ n
reklama
advertisement in a common media format

commercialization n
komercjalizacja
the act of commercializing

comminution /ˌkɑməˈn(j)uʃən/ /ˌkɒmɪˈnjuːʃ(ə)n/ n
kruszenie rozdrabnianie
breaking or grinding up of a material

commission /kəˈmɪʃən/ n
komisja
body of officials
official authority
prowizja komisja
fee charged

commission /kəˈmɪʃən/ v
zlecić zlecać
send to do something

commit /kəˈmɪt/ v
popełniać
to do (something bad); to perpetrate

commit suicide v
popełnić samobójstwo
to kill oneself

commitment n
zobowiązanie
being bound emotionally/intellectually

committee [kɑmɪˈtiː] [kɒmɪˈtiː] [kəˈmɪt.i] n
komitet
group of persons convened for the accomplishment of some specific purpose

commodity /kəˈmɑdəti/ /kəˈmɒdəti/ n
towar
anything movable traded

common /ˈkɑmən/ /ˈkɒmən/ /ˈkɒmʌn/ adj
pospolity powszechny
found in large numbers or in a large quantity
wspólny męsko-żeński
grammar: of the gender resulting from the coalescence of the masculine and feminine genders
wspólny wzajemny
mutual
zwyczajny potoczny
ordinary
obiegowy pospolity potoczny powszedni zwykły
usual

common /ˈkɑmən/ /ˈkɒmən/ /ˈkɒmʌn/ n
dobro wspólne
mutual good

common bean n
fasola
plant

common clothes moth n
mól
type of moth

common cockchafer n
chrabąszcz majowy
Melolontha melolontha

common cold n
przeziębienie
mild infection

common fraction n
ułamek zwykły
fraction with two integers

common gender n
rodzaj wspólny
a grammatical gender

common greenshank n
kwokacz
Tringa nebularia

common gull /ˈkɑːmən ˌɡʌl/ /ˈkɒmən ˌɡʌl/ n
mewa pospolita
Larus canus

common hepatica n
przylaszczka pospolita
Hepatica nobilis

common kestrel n
pustułka
Falco tinnunculus

common murre n
nurzyk
Uria aalge

common noun n
rzeczownik pospolity
noun that denotes any member or all members of a class

common redshank n
krwawodziób
Tringa totanus

common rock thrush n
nagórnik
Monticola saxatilis

common sandpiper n
brodziec piskliwy
Actitis hypoleucos

common scoter n
markaczka
Melanitta nigra

common sense n
zdrowy rozsądek
ordinary understanding

common shelduck n
ohar
bird

common shrew n
ryjówka aksamitna
Sorex araneus

common snipe n
bekas kszyk
the species Gallinago gallinago

common whitefish n
sieja pospolita
Coregonus lavaretus

common year n
rok nieprzestępny
year that is not a leap year

commonly /ˈkɑmənli/ /ˈkɒmənli/ adv
powszechnie zwykle
as a rule; usually

commonplace /ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs/ /ˈkɒmənˌpleɪs/ adj
pospolity powszechny
ordinary

commonplace /ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs/ /ˈkɒmənˌpleɪs/ n
frazes
platitude or cliché

commotion /kəˈmoʊ.ʃən/ /kəˈməʊ.ʃən/ n
zamieszanie
agitated disturbance or a hubbub

communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
komunikacja
concept of exchanging information
a message
act or fact of communicating anything
instance of data transfer

communion /kəˈmjuːnjən/ n
komunia
a joining together of minds or spirits

communism /ˈkɒm.juˌnɪzm̩/ n
komunizm
philosophy
society

communist /ˈkɒ.mjə.nɪst/ /ˈkɒ.mjʊ.nɪst/ adj
komunistyczny komunista
of or relating to communism

communist /ˈkɒ.mjə.nɪst/ /ˈkɒ.mjʊ.nɪst/ n
komunista komunistka
person who follows a communist philosophy

communistically adv
komunistycznie
characteristic of communism

community /k(ə)ˈmjunəti/ /kəˈmjuːnɪti/ n
społeczność
group sharing a common understanding
wspólnota
residential or religious collective

communize v
komunizować
To impose Communist ideals on people

commutative adj
przemienny
mathematics: such that order of operands does not affect result

commute /kəˈmjuːt/ v
dojeżdżać
to regularly travel to and from work, school etc.

commuter rail n
kolej aglomeracyjna kolej podmiejska
railway

compact /kəmˈpækt/ /ˈkɑmˌpækt/ /ˈkɒmˌpækt/ adj
zwarty
topological sense

compact disc n
kompakt płyta CD płyta kompaktowa
optical disc used to store data

compactification n
uzwarcenie
procedure of enlarging a topological space to make it compact
topological space enlarged to become compact

compactor /kɑmˈpæktɚ/ /kɒmˈpæktə/ n
ubijarka
A Material-reducing Machine

companion /kəmˈpænjən/ n
towarzysz kompan towarzyszka
someone with whom one spends time or keeps company

company /ˈkʌmp(ə)ni/ /ˈkʌmpəni/ n
towarzystwo
companionship
przedsiębiorstwo firma kompania spółka
in legal context, a corporation
kompania
military unit
unit of firefighters and their equipment
goście
social visitors

comparable /kəmˈpɛɹəbl̩/ /ˈkɑmp(ə)ɹəbl̩/ /ˈkɒmp(ə)ɹəbl̩/ adj
porównywalny
able to be compared

comparative /kəmˈpæɹ.ə.tɪv/ /kəmˈpɛɹ.ə.tɪv/ adj
porównawczy
of or relating to comparison

comparative /kəmˈpæɹ.ə.tɪv/ /kəmˈpɛɹ.ə.tɪv/ n
stopień wyższy
grammatical construction
word in comparative form

compare /kəmˈpɛə/ /kəmˈpɛɚ/ v
porównywać porównać
to assess the similarities between two things or between one thing and another
stopniować
to form the three degrees of comparison of

comparison /kəmˈpæɹɪsən/ /kəmˈpɛɹɪsən/ n
stopniowanie porównanie
ability of adjectives and adverbs to form three degrees
porównanie
act of comparing or the state of being compared
evaluation of the similarities and differences of two (or more) things
state of being similar or alike

compartment /kəmˈpɑː(ɹ)tmənt/ n
przedział
chamber
postument
mound beneath the shield in a coat of arms on which the supporters stand

compass /ˈkʌm.pəs/ n
kompas
instrument to determine cardinal directions

compass point n
strona świata
any of the horizontal directions indicated on a compass

compass rose n
róża wiatrów
a circle indicating directions

compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/ n
współczucie
deep awareness of the suffering of another

compassionate /kəmˈpaʃəneɪt/ /kəmˈpaʃənət/ adj
litościwy
having, feeling or showing compassion

compatibility /kəmˌpætɪˈbɪlɪti/ n
kompatybilność
capability to exist without mutual interference

compatible /kəmˈpætəbəl/ adj
kompatybilny
able to get along well
kompatybilny zgodny
capable of easy interaction

compatriot n
rodak krajan krajanka
somebody from one's own country

compel /kəmˈpɛl/ v
zmuszać zmusić
force, constrain or coerce

compendium n
kompendium
short, complete summary

compensatory lengthening n
wzdłużenie zastępcze
lengthening of a vowel which occurs when a following consonant is lost

compete /kəm.ˈpiːt/ v
konkurować
to contend

competition /ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən/ /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/ n
rywalizacja konkurencja
action of competing
zawody konkurs
contest for a prize or award

competitor n
współzawodnik
participant in a competition
konkurent rywal współzawodnik
person against whom one is competing

compile /kəmpʌɪl/ /kəmˈpaɪl/ v
kompilować
produce executable

compiler /kəmˈpaɪlə/ /kəmˈpaɪlɚ/ n
kompilator
computer program

complacency n
samozadowolenie
feeling

complain /kəmˈpleɪn/ v
narzekać skarżyć się
to express feelings of pain, dissatisfaction, or resentment
skarżyć składać skargę
to make a formal accusation or bring a formal charge

complainant n
powód
plaintiff

complaint /kəmˈpleɪnt/ n
skarga
grievance, problem, difficulty, or concern; the act of complaining

complement /ˈkɑmpləmənt/ /ˈkɒmpləmənt/ n
dopełnienie
set theory: absolute complement
set theory: relative complement

complementary angles n
kąty dopełniające
pair of angles

complete /kəmˈpliːt/ adj
zupełna
of a category: such that all small limits exist
of a lattice: such that every set with a lower bound has a greatest lower bound
of metric space: such that every Cauchy sequence converges in it
zupełny
of a proof system: such that any semantically valid formula is also provable
kompletny pełny
with everything included

complete /kəmˈpliːt/ v
ukończyć
to finish
dopełnić skompletować uzupełnić
to make whole or entire

complete graph n
graf pełny
graph

completely /kəmˈpliːtli/ adv
całkowicie w całości
in a complete manner
całkowicie totalnie zupełnie
to the fullest extent or degree

completeness n
całkowitość kompletność pełnia zupełność
state or condition of being complete

completion /kəmˈpliːʃən/ n
ukończenie zakończenie zrealizowanie
making complete; conclusion

complex /kəmˈplɛks/ /ˈkɑmplɛks/ /ˈkɒm.plɛks/ adj
zespolony
in mathematics
złożony skomplikowany
intricate
skomplikowany złożony
not simple or straightforward

complex /kəmˈplɛks/ /ˈkɑmplɛks/ /ˈkɒm.plɛks/ n
kompleks
collection of buildings
psychologically based dislike or fear

complex conjugate n
liczba sprzężona sprzężenie (zespolone)
mathematics: number formed by changing the sign of the imaginary part of a complex number

complex number n
liczba zespolona
number of the form a + bi

complexion /kəmˈplɛkʃən/ n
cera karnacja płeć
appearance of the skin on the face

complexity /kəmˈplɛk.sɪ.ti/ n
zawiłość
That which is complex; intricacy; complication
złożoność
The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement

compliance /kəmˈplaɪəns/ n
ugoda
act of complying
podatność
measure of the extension or displacement of a loaded structure
zgodność
state of being compliant
ugodowość
tendency of conforming with others

compliant /kəmˈplaɪənt/ /kəmˈplʌɪənt/ adj
zgodny
compatible with or following guidelines

complicated /ˈkɑmplɪkeɪtɪd/ /ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/ adj
skomplikowany złożony
difficult or convoluted

compliment /ˈkɑmpləmənt/ /ˈkɒmplɪmənt/ n
komplement pochlebstwo pochwała
expression of praise, congratulation or respect

complimentary /ˌkɑmplɪ̈ˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/ /ˌkɒmplɪ̈ˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/ adj
darmowy nieodpłatny

compos mentis /ˈkɒmpɒs ˈmɛntɪs/ adj
poczytalny
criminally responsible

composer n
kompozytor kompozytorka
one who composes music

composite number n
liczba złożona
number that is the product of two natural numbers other than itself and 1

composition /ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/ n
skład
general makeup of something

compost /ˈkɑmpoʊst/ /ˈkɒmpɒst/ n
kompost
decayed remains of organic matter

compost /ˈkɑmpoʊst/ /ˈkɒmpɒst/ v
kompostować
to produce compost

composure /kəmˈpoʊʒɚ/ /kəmˈpəʊʒə/ n
opanowanie
calmness of mind or matter, self-possession

compote /ˈkɑmpoʊt/ /ˈkɒmpəʊt/ n
kompot
fruit dessert

compound /ˈkɑmpaʊnd/ /ˈkɒmpaʊnd/ n
związek
chemistry: substance made by chemical combination of elements

compound bow n
łuk bloczkowy

compound eye n
oko złożone
a visual organ found in arthropods such as insects and crustaceans

compound sentence n
zdanie złożone
a sentence that has two or more independent clauses, joined by a conjunction and/or punctuation.

compound word n
złożenie
word composed of others

comprehend /kɑmpɹɪˈhɛnd/ /kɒmpɹɪˈhɛnd/ v
obejmować objąć
to cover
pojmować pojąć
to understand

comprehensible /kɒmpɹəˈhɛnsɪbəl/ adj
zrozumiały
able to be comprehended

comprehension /kɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/ /kɒmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/ n
zrozumienie pojmowanie
thorough understanding

comprehensive /ˌkɑːm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/ /ˌkɒm.pɹɪˈhɛn.sɪv/ adj
wszechstronny
broadly or completely covering

compressed air n
sprężone powietrze
air increased in pressure

compression /kɒm.pɹɛʃ.ən/ n
kompresja
(computing) the process by which data is compressed
the act of compressing
kompresja sprężenie
the cycle of an internal combustion engine during which the fuel and air mixture is compressed

compression ratio n
stopień sprężania
the ratio of the size of compressed data to uncompressed data

comprise /kəmˈpɹaɪz/ v
składać się
be made up of
zawierać
include

compromise /ˈkɑmpɹəˌmaɪz/ /ˈkɒmpɹəˌmaɪz/ n
kompromis
settlement of differences by arbitration or by consent reached by mutual concessions

compulsory /kəmˈpʌlsəri/ adj
obowiązkowy
mandatory

compulsory purchase n
ekspropriacja wywłaszczenie
government's right to expropriate private land

computational linguistics n
lingwistyka komputerowa
interdisciplinary field

computer /kəmˈpjutɚ/ /kəmˈpjuːtə/ n
komputer
device
rachmistrz
person

computer game n
gra komputerowa
electronic game

computer graphics n
grafika komputerowa
representation and manipulation of pictures by computer

computer language n
język komputerowy
language associated with computers

computer program n
program komputerowy
software

computer science n
informatyka
study of computers and their architecture

computer scientist n
informatyk
one who studies or practises computer science

computer-aided design n
komputerowe wspomaganie projektowania
CAD projektowanie wspomagane komputerowo
process of design using computers

computerization /kʌmˌpjuːtəɹaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
komputeryzacja
the act of computerizing

computing /kəmˈpjuːtɪŋ/ n
informatyka
the study, field of computers and computer programming

comrade /ˈkɑmɹæd/ /ˈkɒmɹeɪd/ n
towarzysz towarzyszka
fellow socialist or communist
title used in leftist circles
towarzysz kamrat kompan
mate, companion, or associate

concave /ˈkɒŋkeɪv/ adj
wklęsły
curved inward

conceal /kənˈsiːl/ v
ukrywać chować
to hide something

conceited adj
zarozumiały
having an excessively favorable opinion of oneself

concentration n
koncentracja skupienie
The act or process of concentrating
stężenie
The amount of solute present in a solution
proportion of substance in a mixture
The act or process of reducing the volume of a liquid

concentration camp n
kacet obóz koncentracyjny
camp where large numbers of persons are detained

concept /ˈkɒn.sɛpt/ n
pojęcie pomysł
something understood and retained in the mind

concept album n
album koncepcyjny
album

conception /kənˈsɛpʃən/ n
poczęcie
initiation of an embryonic animal life

concert /kənˈsɜːt/ /kənˈsɝt/ /ˈkɑnsɚt/ /ˈkɒnsət/ n
koncert
a musical entertainment in which several voices or instruments take part
musical accordance or harmony

concertina /ˌkɑnsɚˈtinə/ /ˌkɒnsəˈtiːnə/ n
koncertyna
the musical instrument

concise /kənˈsaɪs/ adj
zwięzły lakoniczny
brief and precise

conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/ n
rezultat wniosek wynik
outcome

concoct /kəŋˈkɒkt/ v
wymyślić
to contrive something using skill or ingenuity

concoction /kənˈkɑkʃɪn/ /kənˈkɒkʃən/ n
konkokcja
mixture so prepared

concomitant /kənˈkɑːmətənt/ /kənˈkɒmɪtənt/ adj
współistniejący
following as a consequence

concordat /kənˈkɔːdæt/ n
konkordat
agreement

concourse n
hala
a large open space in a building where people can gather

concrete /ˈkɒnkɹiːt/ /ˌkɑnˈkɹiːt/ adj
betonowy beton
made of concrete
konkretny
not abstract
particular, perceivable, real

concrete /ˈkɒnkɹiːt/ /ˌkɑnˈkɹiːt/ n
beton
building material

concrete /ˈkɒnkɹiːt/ /ˌkɑnˈkɹiːt/ v
betonować
cover with concrete

concretism n
konkretyzm
abstractionist movement

concubinage n
konkubinat
the state of cohabitating while not married

concubine /ˈkɑŋkjəbaɪn/ n
konkubina nałożnica
a woman who lives with a man, but who is not a wife

concupiscent /kɑːnˈkjuːpɪ.sənt/ /kɒnˈkjuːpɪ.sənt/ adj
lubieżny zmysłowy
amorous, lustful

concur /kənˈkɜː/ /kənˈkɝ/ v
zgadzać się
To unite or agree

concurrence n
zgoda
agreement

concussion /kənˈkʌʃən/ n
wstrząs
a violent collision or shock
wstrząs mózgu wstrząśnienie mózgu
an injury to part of the body, most especially the brain

condensed milk n
mleko skondensowane
milk that has been reduced to syrup

condescending /ˈkɔn.dɪ.sɛnd.ɪŋ/ /ˌkɑndəˈsɛndɪŋ/ adj
protekcjonalny
assuming a tone of superiority or a patronizing attitude

condescendingly /kɒn.dɪˈsen.dɪŋ.li/ adv
protekcjonalnie
In a condescending manner

condescension /kɑndiˈsɛnʃən/ /kɒndiˈsɛnʃən/ n
protekcjonalizm protekcjonalność
patronizing attitude or behavior

condiment /ˈkɒn.dɪ.mənt/ n
przyprawa
something used to enhance flavor

condition /kənˈdɪʃən/ n
stan kondycja
health status of a patient
warunek
logical clause or phrase
requirement or requisite
stan
state of an object

conditional /kənˈdɪʃənəl/ adj
warunkowy
in logic

conditional /kənˈdɪʃənəl/ n
tryb przypuszczający
grammar: mode/mood

condole v
współczuć
to express sympathetic sorrow, to lament

condom /ˈkɑn.dəm/ /ˈkɒn.dɒm/ n
prezerwatywa kondom
flexible sleeve worn on the penis

condominium /kɑn.dəˈmɪn.i.əm/ /kɒn.dəˈmɪn.ɪ.əm/ n
wspólnota mieszkaniowa
building in which each unit is owned by an individual, but the grounds is owned jointly
kondominium
joint sovereignty over a territory
mieszkanie własnościowe
unit or apartment in such a complex

conductor /kənˈdʌktɚ/ n
dyrygent
person who conducts an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble
konduktor
person who takes tickets on public transportation
przewodnik
something which can transmit electricity, heat, light or sound

cone /koʊn/ /kəʊn/ n
szyszka
fruit of conifers
stożek
surface of revolution
anything shaped like a cone
solid of revolution

coneflower n
jeżówka
Echinacea
rudbekia
Rudbeckia

confection /kənˈfɛkʃən/ n
słodycze
food item

confectioner n
cukiernik
a manufacturer of or dealer in confections

confectionery n
słodycze
sweet foodstuffs, collectively

confederation /kənfɛdəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
konfederacja
union or alliance of states

confer /kənˈfɛɹ/ /kənˈfɜː/ v
wiecować
discuss, consult

conference /ˈkɑn.fə.ɹəns/ /ˈkɒn.fə.ɹəns/ /ˈkɒn.fɹəns/ n
konferencja
a meeting of people

confess /kənˈfɛs/ v
przyznawać się przyznać się
to admit to the truth
spowiadać się
to disclose everything to a Catholic priest

confession /kənˈfɛʃən/ n
spowiedź
disclosure of one's sins to a priest
wyznanie przyznanie
open admittance

confessional n
konfesjonał
a small room where confession is performed

confessor /kənˈfɛsə/ /kənˈfɛsɚ/ n
spowiednik
priest who hears confession

confident /ˈkɑn.fɪ.dənt/ /ˈkɒn.fɪ.dənt/ adj
pewny
being very sure of or positive about something

confidential /ˌkɑːnfɪˈdɛnʃl/ adj
poufny
meant to be kept secret within a certain circle

confidentiality n
poufność
property

confidently /ˈkɑnfɪdəntli/ /ˈkɒnfɪdəntli/ adv
pewnie
in a confident manner

configuration n
konfiguracja
relative disposition

confirm /kənˈfɜːm/ /kənˈfɝm/ v
potwierdzać
to assure
bierzmować
to confer the confirmation

confirmation /ˌkɑn.fəɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
bierzmowanie konfirmacja
Christian ceremony or sacrament
potwierdzenie
indicator
verification

confiscate v
konfiskować
take possession of by authority

confiscation n
konfiskata
the act or process of confiscating an item from public use; expropriation

conflagration /ˌkɒnfləˈɡɹeɪʃən/ n
pożar
a large, ferocious, and destructive fire

conflate /kənˈfleɪt/ v
połączyć
fuse into a single entity

conflict /kənˈflɪkt/ /ˈkɑn.flɪkt/ /ˈkɒn.flɪkt/ n
konflikt walka
clash or disagreement

confluence /ˈkɒnfluəns/ n
zbieg
point where two rivers or streams meet

conform /kənˈfɔɹm/ /kənˈfɔːm/ v
dostosować się
to be in accordance with a set of specifications

conformal adj
wiernokątny
cartography: that preserves angles over small scales, at all except a limited number of points
konforemny równokątny wiernokątny
mathematics: that preserves angles unchanged

conformant adj
zgodny ze specyfikacją

conformism n
konformizm
willingness to conform

confrontation /ˌkɒnfɹənˈteɪʃən/ n
konfrontacja
The act of confronting or challenging another, especially face-to-face
A conflict between armed forces

confuse /kənˈfjuːz/ v
pomylić
to mix up / muddle up one thing with another; to mistake one thing for another

confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ adj
zakłopotany zmieszany
chaotic, jumbled or muddled
zdezorientowany
disoriented

confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/ n
zamieszanie chaos
lack of clarity or order
nieporozumienie zamieszanie
state of being confused; misunderstanding

congeal /kənˈdʒiːl/ v
zestalić
to change from a liquid to solid state

congenital adj
wrodzony
present since birth

congenital insensitivity to pain n
analgezja wrodzona
CIP

conglomerate /kənˈɡlɑm(ə)ɹət/ /kənˈɡlɑməɹeɪt/ /kənˈɡlɒm(ə)ɹət/ /kənˈɡlɒməɹeɪt/ n
zlepieniec żwirowiec
rock consisting of gravel or pebbles embedded in a matrix

congratulate /kənˈɡɹæ.d͡ʒʊˌleɪt/ /kənˈɡɹæ.t͡ʃʊˌleɪt/ v
gratulować pogratulować
to express one’s sympathetic pleasure or joy to the person(s) it is felt for

congratulation /kənˌɡɹætjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n
gratulacje
act of congratulating

congratulations /kənˌɡɹat͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/ /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/ interjection
gratulacje
expressing approbation

congress /kənˈɡɹɛs/ /ˈkɑŋɡɹɨs/ /ˈkɒŋˌɡɹɛs/ n
zjazd
conference
kongres
legislative body

congruence n
przystawanie
geometry, quality of being roughly the same size and shape
number theory, relation indicating two numbers give the same remainder when divided by some number
stosowność
the quality of agreeing or corresponding

congruent /ˈkɑːŋ.ɡɹuː.ənt/ /ˈkɒŋ.ɡɹuː.ənt/ adj
przystający
coinciding when superimposed
kongruentny przystający
with difference divisible by modulus

conic section n
stożkowa
Any of the four distinct shapes that are the intersections of a cone with a plane

conical /ˈkɑnɪkəl/ /ˈkɒnɪkəl/ adj
stożkowy stożkowaty koniczny
cone-shaped
stożkowy
of or relating to a cone

conifer n
choinka drzewo iglaste
plant

coniferous adj
iglasty
of a conifer

coniine n
koniina
poison

conjugate /ˈkɒndʒəɡeɪt/ v
koniugować odmieniać
to inflect (a verb) for each person

conjugation /ˌkɑnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/ /ˌkɒnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/ n
koniugacja
act of conjugating a verb
in some languages, one of several classifications of verbs
fusion of organisms
połączenie
coming together of things

conjunction /kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən/ n
połączenie łączenie
act of joining or being joined
koniunkcja spójnik
astronomy: alignment of two bodies in the solar system such that they have the same longitude when seen from Earth
spójnik
grammar: word used to join words or phrases

conjunctiva n
spojówka
membrane

conjunctivitis /kənˌdʒʌŋktɪˈvaɪtɪs/ n
zapalenie spojówek
inflammation

connect /kəˈnɛkt/ v
połączyć łączyć
associate
przesiadać przesiąść
make a travel connection
łączyć połączyć
to join an electrical or telephone line
to join two or more pieces

connected /kəˈnɛktɪd/ adj
spójny
graph theory: having a path connecting every pair of vertices
topology: cannot be partitioned into two nonempty open sets

connected component n
składowa spójna
maximally connected subset

connecting rod n
korbowód
rod that transmits power or motion

connection /kəˈnɛkʃən/ n
przesiadka
transfer in transport

connective /kəˈnɛktɪv/ n
spójnik
function that operates on truth values

connective tissue n
tkanka łączna
type of tissue

connectome /kəˈnɛktəʊm/ n
konektom
complete description of nervous system connectivity

connector n
złącze
mating pair of devices

conning tower n
kiosk
structure of submarine

connoisseur /ˌkɒnəˈsɜɹ/ n
znawca koneser
specialist whose opinion is valued

connotation /ˌkɑnəˈteɪʃən/ /ˌkɒnəˈteɪʃən/ n
konotacja skojarzenie
suggested or implied meaning

connote /kəˈnoʊt/ /kəˈnəʊt/ v
konotować przywodzić na myśl przywoływać
to imply, to suggest
sugerować
to signify beyond principal meaning

conquer /ˈkɑŋkɚ/ /ˈkɒŋkə/ v
podbić podbijać
defeat in combat

conqueror /ˈkɑŋkəɹɚ/ /ˈkɒŋkəɹə/ n
zdobywca
someone who conquers

conquest /ˈkɑnkwɛst/ /ˈkɒŋkwɛst/ n
podboju podbój tryb
competitive mode in first-person shooter games
podbój
victory gained through combat; the subjugation of an enemy

consanguinity /kɑnsæŋˈɡwɪnɪti/ n
pokrewieństwo
a blood relationship

conscience /kɒnʃəns/ n
sumienie
moral sense

conscientious /ˌkɑnʃiˈɛnʃəs/ /ˌkɒnʃiˈɛnʃəs/ adj
skrupulatny sumienny
thorough, careful, or vigilant

conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/ /ˈkɒn.ʃəs/ adj
świadomy przytomny
alert, awake

consciously adv
świadomie
in a conscious manner; knowingly, volitionally

consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/ /ˈkɒnʃəsnəs/ n
świadomość przytomność
awareness

conscript /kənˈskɹɪpt/ /ˈkɑnskɹɪpt/ /ˈkɒnskɹɪpt/ n
poborowy rekrut
Draftee

conscription n
pobór
involuntary labor, especially military service

consecutio temporum /ˌkɒnsəˈkjuːʃiəʊ ˌtɛmˈpɔːɹəm/ n
następstwo czasów
sequence of tenses

consensus n
konsensus
general agreement

consent /kənˈsɛnt/ n
zgoda pozwolenie
voluntary agreement

consent /kənˈsɛnt/ v
przyzwalać zgadzać się
to express willingness

consequence /ˈkɑnsɪkwɛns/ /ˈkɒnsɪkwɛns/ n
skutek konsekwencja
result of actions, especially unpleasant
konsekwencja następstwo
that which follows something on which it depends

consequent /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwənt/ n
następnik
the second half of a hypothetical proposition

consequently /ˈkɑːnsɪˌkwɛntli/ /ˈkɒnsɪˌkwɛntli/ adv
konsekwentnie
as a result or consequence

conservationist n
konserwatysta konserwatystka
A person who maintains natural areas or protects threatened species

conservatism n
konserwatyzm
political philosophy that favors maintaining limited government involvement
political philosophy that moral objectivism exists, and should be adhered to

conservative /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ /kənˈsɝvətɪv/ adj
konserwatywny
supporting fiscal, political or social conservatism
konserwatywny zachowawczy
tending to resist change

conservative /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ /kənˈsɝvətɪv/ n
konserwatywny
political conservative
fiscal conservative

conservatively adv
konserwatywnie
in a conservative manner

consider /kənˈsɪdə/ /kənˈsɪdɚ/ v
uważać uznawać
assign some quality to
baczyć obserwować
look at attentively
rozważać
think of doing
debate or dispose of a motion
think about seriously

considerable /kənˈsɪdəɹəbl̩/ adj
znaczny spory znaczący
worth considering

considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/ adv
znacznie
significantly

consignee /ˌkɒn.saɪˈniː/ n
odbiorca
The person to whom a shipment is to be delivered

consilience /kənˈsɪ.li.əns/ n
konsyliencja
concurrence of multiple inductions

consist in v
polegać
have the thing mentioned as only or most important part

consistency /kənˈsɪst(ə)nsi/ /kənˈsɪstənsi/ n
konsystencja
degree of viscosity of something
niesprzeczność
logic: state of a system of axioms
spójność
reliability or uniformity; the quality of being consistent

consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj
konsystentny spójny
not logically contradictory

consolation /ˌkɑn.səˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.səˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
pocieszenie
act of consoling

console /kənˈsoʊl/ /kənˈsəʊl/ /ˈkɑːn.soʊl/ /ˈkɒn.səʊl/ n
konsola
architecture: ornamental member jutting out of a wall
cabinet with controls, instruments, and displays
stand-alone cabinet housing home entertainment equipment

console /ˈkɑːn.soʊl/ /ˈkɒn.səʊl/ v
pocieszać pocieszyć
to comfort

consoler n
pocieszyciel
one who gives consolation

consonant /ˈkɑn.sə.nənt/ /ˈkɒn.sə.nənt/ n
spółgłoska
letter
sound

consort /kənˈsɔɹt/ /kənˈsɔːt/ /ˈkɑnsɔɹt/ /ˈkɒnsɔːt/ n
małżonek małżonka
husband, wife, companion or partner

consortium /kənˈsɔː(ɹ).ʃəm/ n
konsorcjum
association or combination of businesses

conspicuous /kənˈspɪk.ju.əs/ adj
niezwykły rażący
noticeable or attracting attention, especially if unattractive
zauważalny rzucający się w oczy widoczny
obvious or easy to notice

conspiracy /kənˈspɪɹəsi/ n
spisek konspiracja knucie zmowa
act of working in secret to obtain some goal

conspiracy of silence /kənˌspɪɹəsi əv ˈsaɪləns/ n
zmowa milczenia
an agreement

conspiracy theorist /kɘnˈspɘɹɘsiː θiəɹɘst/ /kənˈspɪɹəsi θi.əɹəst/ /kənˈspɪɹəsi θɪəɹɪst/ /kənˈspɪɹəsiː θɪəɹəst/ n
teoretyczka spiskowa teoretyk spiskowy
one who believes in a conspiracy theory

conspiracy theory /kɘnˈspɘɹɘsiː θiəɹiː/ /kənˈspɪɹəsi θi.əɹi/ /kənˈspɪɹəsi θɪəɹi/ /kənˈspɪɹəsiː θɪəɹiː/ n
teoria spiskowa
hypothetical speculation

conspirator /kənˈspɪɹətə/ /kənˈspɪɹətɚ/ n
konspirator spiskowiec
person who is part of a conspiracy

conspiratorial /kənˌspɪɹəˈtɔːɹɪəl/ adj
konspiracyjny spiskowy
pertaining to conspiracy or conspirators

conspire v
konspirować knuć kombinować spiskować uknuć
to secretly plot

constant /ˈkɑnstənt/ /ˈkɒnstənt/ n
stała
algebra: quantity that remains fixed
identifier that is bound to an invariant value
science: property that does not change

constant function n
funkcja stała
class of function

constant of integration n
stała całkowania
constant to be added at the indefinite integral

constantly /ˈkɒnstəntli/ adv
ciągle nieustannie
in a constant manner

constellation /ˌkɑn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
gwiazdozbiór konstelacja
formation of stars perceived as figure
modern astronomy: any of 88 officially recognized regions

consternation /ˌkɑn.stɚˈne͡ɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.stəˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
konsternacja
amazement or horror; terror, combined with amazement; dismay

constipation n
obstrukcja zaparcie zatwardzenie
state of bowels

constituent n
składnik
part, or component of a whole
wyborca
resident of a place represented by an elected official

constitute /ˈkɑnstɪt(j)uːt/ /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt/ v
stanowić
to make up; to compose; to form

constitution /ˌkɑnstɪˈtuʃən/ /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃən/ n
konstytucja
formal or informal system of primary principles and laws regulating a government or other institutions
act or process of setting something up, or establishing something; composition, structure, makeup
general health of a person
konstytucja ustawa zasadnicza
legal document describing such a formal system

constitutional /ˌkɑnstɪˈtuːʃənəl/ /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃənəl/ adj
konstytucyjny
conforming to the constitution
relating to the constitution

constitutional monarchy n
monarchia konstytucyjna
monarchy limited by laws and a constitution

constitutionalism /ˌkɑnstɪˈtuʃənəˌlɪzəm/ /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃənəˌlɪzəm/ n
konstytucjonalizm
belief in government under a written constitution

constitutionalist n
konstytucjonalista
who adheres to constitutionalism
who is specialist in constitutional law

constitutionality n
konstytucyjność
(law) The status of being constitutional

constraint /kənˈstɹeɪnt/ n
ograniczenie warunek
mathematics: condition to a solution
ograniczenie przymus
something that constrains

construct /kənˈstɹʌkt/ /ˈkɑn.stɹʌkt/ /ˈkɒn.stɹʌkt/ v
konstruować budować skonstruować zbudować
build or form by assembling parts

constructed language n
język sztuczny
an artificially created language

construction /kənˈstɹʌkʃən/ n
budowla budynek
anything constructed
budowa
process of constructing
budowla
structure

construction site n
budowa plac budowy
place where something is being constructed

constructivism n
konstruktywizm
movement in modern art

construe /kənˈstɹuː/ n
interpretacja tłumaczenie
interpretation
translacja tłumaczenie
translation

construe /kənˈstɹuː/ v
rozbierać gramatycznie
to analyze the grammatical structure
interpretować tłumaczyć
to interpret or explain the meaning of something

consul /ˈkɑn.səl/ /ˈkɒn.səl/ n
konsul
official who protects the interests of citizens

consular adj
konsularny
pertaining to a consul

consulate /ˈkɑnsəlɨt/ /ˈkɒnsjʊlət/ n
konsulat
the residency of a consul
an office of a government, comparable to an embassy

consume /kənˈsjuːm/ /kənˈsuːm/ v
zużyć
use up

consumer /kənˈsjuːmə/ /kənˈsumɚ/ n
konsument
person purchasing goods

consummate /ˈkɑnsəmeɪt/ /ˈkɑnsəmət/ /ˈkɒnsəmeɪt/ /ˈkɒnsəmət/ adj
doskonały wytrawny
complete, perfect, absolute

consummate /ˈkɑnsəmeɪt/ /ˈkɑnsəmət/ /ˈkɒnsəmeɪt/ /ˈkɒnsəmət/ v
zakończyć
to bring something to completion
skonsumować
to make a marriage complete by engaging in first sexual intercourse

contact /ˈkɑntækt/ /ˈkɒntækt/ n
kontakt
an act of touching physically
an establishment of communication
electrical: a device designed for repetitive connections
someone with whom one is in communication
szkło kontaktowe
colloquial: a contact lens

contact /ˈkɑntækt/ /ˈkɒntækt/ v
kontaktować (się) skontaktować (się)
establish communication with

contact lens n
soczewka kontaktowa szkło kontaktowe kontakt
thin lens placed directly on the eye

contactor /ˈkɑntæktɚ/ /ˈkɒntæktə/ n
stycznik
Relay used to control an electrical power circuit

contagion /kənˈteɪdʒən/ n
zarażenie
transmission of a contagious disease

contagious /kənˈteɪdʒəs/ adj
zaraźliwy
of a disease, easily transmitted to others
of a fashion, laughter, etc, easily passed on to others

contagiousness n
zaraźliwość
state or condition of being contagious

contain /kənˈteɪn/ v
zawierać
To hold inside
To include as a part

container /kənˈteɪnə/ /kənˈteɪnɚ/ n
kontener
a very large, typically metal, box used for transporting goods
pojemnik
an item in which objects, materials or data can be stored or transported

contaminant n
zanieczyszczenie
that which contaminates

contaminate /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/ v
zatruwać
To introduce impurities or foreign matter

contamination /kənˌtæmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
kontaminacja
A grammatical blend
skażenie
The act or process of contaminating
adideacja kontaminacja
The influence of a term (often foreign) on the development of another term

contemplation /ˌkɑntəmˈpleɪʃən/ /ˌkɒntəmˈpleɪʃən/ n
kontemplacja medytacja
The act of the mind in considering with attention; continued attention of the mind to a particular subject; meditation; musing; study

contemporaneous /kənˌtɛm.pəˈɹeɪ.ni.əs/ adj
jednoczesny
existing or created in the same period of time

contemporary /kənˈtɛm.p(ə).ɹəɹ.i/ adj
ówczesny współczesny
from the same time period
współczesny nowoczesny
modern

contempt /kənˈtɛmpt/ n
pogarda lekceważenie
a feeling or attitude
lekceważenie pogarda
a state of being despised or dishonored
lekceważenie obraza
law: open disrespect or willful disobedience of the authority

contempt of court n
obraza sądu
disrespect of a court of law

contemptible /kənˈtɛmptəbəl/ adj
zasługujący na pogardę
deserving contempt

contemptuous /kənˈtɛm(p).tʃu.əs/ /kənˈtɛmp.tʃu.əs/ adj
pogardliwy
showing contempt

contender /kənˈtɛn.dɚ/ n
zawodniczka zawodnik
someone who competes

content /kənˈtɛnt/ /ˈkɑn.tɛnt/ /ˈkɒn.tɛnt/ n
treść
subject matter
zawartość
that which is contained
ilość pojemność
the amount of material contained

contentious /kənˈtɛn.ʃəs/ adj
sporny
marked by controversy

contents /ˈkɑn.tɛnts/ /ˈkɒn.tɛnts/ n
treść zawartość
that which is contained

contest /kənˈtɛst/ /ˈkɑn.tɛst/ /ˈkɒn.tɛst/ n
konkurs
competition
debata spór
controversy

contestant /kənˈtɛstənt/ n
zawodniczka zawodnik
participant in a contest

context /ˈkɑːntɛkst/ /ˈkɒntɛkst/ n
kontekst
circumstances or settings
text in which a word appears

continent /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n
kontynent
each of main land-masses on earth's surface

continental drift n
wędrówka kontynentów
continental drift

continental shelf n
półka kontynentalna szelf kontynentalny
the area of sea around a land mass

contingency plan n
plan awaryjny
alternative plan

continuation /kəntɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
kontynuacja
act or state of continuing

continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/ v
kontynuować
transitive: proceed

continuity /ˌkɑntɪˈn(j)uːəti/ /ˌkɒntɪˈnjuːəti/ n
ciągłość
notion in mathematics

continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/ adj
ciągły
in mathematical analysis
without break, cessation, or interruption in time

continuous function n
funkcja ciągła
function from one topological space to another
function whose value changes only slightly when its input changes slightly

continuously /kənˈtɪnjuəsli/ adv
ciągle nieprzerwanie
without pause

contour /ˈkɒntʊə(ɹ)/ n
kontur
outline, boundary or border

contour line n
poziomica warstwica
line on a map

contraception n
antykoncepcja
use of a device or procedure

contraceptive /ˈkɒn.tɹəˌsɛp.tɪv/ adj
antykoncepcyjny przeciwciążowy
that acts to prevent conception

contraceptive /ˈkɒn.tɹəˌsɛp.tɪv/ n
środek antykoncepcyjny
means by which impregnating a woman can be prevented

contract /ˈkɑntɹækt/ /ˈkɒntɹækt/ n
umowa kontrakt
agreement that is legally binding

contraction /kənˈtɹæk.ʃən/ /ˈkɒn.tɹæk.ʃən/ n
forma ściąnięta kontrakcja
word with omitted letters replaced by an apostrophe

contractual adj
umowny
of or pertaining to a contract

contradict /kɒntɹəˈdɪkt/ v
zaprzeczać
deny the truth of (a statement or statements)
zaprzeczać dementować
deny the truth of statements made by (a person)

contradiction /ˌkɑːntɹəˈdɪkʃən/ /ˌkɒntɹəˈdɪkʃən/ n
sprzeczność
statement that contradicts itself
the logical incompatibility of opposing elements
proposition that is false for all values of its variables
act of contradicting

contradictory /ˌkɑntɹəˈdɪktəɹi/ /ˌkɒntɹəˈdɪkt(ə)ɹi/ adj
sprzeczny
that contradicts something

contrail n
smuga kondensacyjna
artificial cloud from jet aircraft

contraindication /ˌkɒntɹəɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
przeciwwskazanie
factor or symptom

contretemps /kɑːn.tɹə.tɑ̃/ /ˈkɒn.tɹə.tɑ̃ŋ/ n
scysja spięcie
an unforeseen or embarrassing event

contribute /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹɪ.b(j)ət/ /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹɪb.jut/ /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹɪb.juːt/ v
dokładać się dołożyć się wnieść wkład wnosić wkład
to give something, that is or becomes part of a larger whole

contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ /ˌkɒntɹɪˈbjuːʃən/ n
datek wkład
an amount of money given toward something
wkład
something given or offered that adds to a larger whole
kontrybucja wniesienie wkładu
the act of contributing

contrived /kənˈtɹaɪvd/ adj
przekombinowany sztuczny wydumany
unnatural, forced

control /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹoʊl/ /kənˈtɹəʊl/ n
kontrola
authority
samokontrola
emotional restraint
kontrolka
graphical user interface element
grupa kontrolna
in an experiment

control /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹoʊl/ /kənˈtɹəʊl/ v
nadzorować kontrolować sterować zarządzać
to exercise influence over; to suggest or dictate the behavior of

control tower n
wieża kontroli lotów
airport control tower

controller /kənˈtɹoʊlɚ/ /kənˈtɹəʊlə/ n
kontroler
mechanism that controls or regulates the operation of a machine
person who controls something

controlling adj
kontrolowanie
exerting control

controversial /kɑn.tɹə.ˈvɝ.ʃəl/ /kɒn.tɹə.ˈvɜː.ʃəl/ adj
kontrowersyjny
arousing controversy

controversy /kənˈtɹɒvəsi/ /ˈkɑntɹəˌvɝsi/ n
spór
debate, discussion of opposing opinions

contumacious /ˌkɑːn.tʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/ /ˌkɒn.tjʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
krnąbrny nieposłuszny oporny
contemptuous of authority
in law, willfully disobedient

convenience /kənˈvinjəns/ /kənˈviːnɪəns/ n
udogodnienie
anything that makes for an easier life
wygoda
quality of being suitable, useful or convenient

convenient /kənˈvinjənt/ /kənˈviːniənt/ adj
dogodny
of or pertaining to convenience; simple; easy; expedient

conventional /kənˈvɛnʃənl/ adj
konwencjonalny umowny
following an accepted principle

conventionalism n
konwencjonalizm
Adherence to social conventions

conventionally adv
konwencjonalnie
by convention

converge /kən.ˈvɜːdʒ/ v
zbiegać
to have a limit

convergence /kənˈvɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒəns/ n
zbieżność
the process of approaching some limiting value

convergent adj
zbieżny
mathematics: having a proper limit

conversation /ˌkɑn.vəɹˈseɪ.ʃən/ /ˌkɒn.vəˈseɪ.ʃən/ n
rozmowa konwersacja
expression and exchange of individual ideas through talking with other people

converse /kənˈvɜːs/ /kənˈvɝs/ v
gwarzyć konwersować rozmawiać
to engage in conversation

convert /kənˈvɛət/ /kənˈvɛɹt/ /ˈkɑn.vəɹt/ /ˈkɒn.vəːt/ n
konwertyta przechrzta
person who has converted religion

convertible /kənˈvəɹdəbəl/ /kənˈvəːtɪbəl/ n
kabriolet
car whose roof can be removed or folded

convex /ˈkɑnvɛks/ /ˈkɒnvɛks/ adj
wypukły
curved or bowed outward like the outside of a bowl or sphere or circle

convey /kənˈveɪ/ v
przewieźć przewozić
to carry
przekazać przekazywać
to communicate
przenosić
to move (something) from one place to another
scedować
to transfer legal rights

convict /kənˈvɪkt/ /ˈkɑnvɪkt/ /ˈkɒnvɪkt/ n
skazaniec
person convicted of a crime

convict /kənˈvɪkt/ /ˈkɑnvɪkt/ /ˈkɒnvɪkt/ v
skazać skazywać
to find guilty

conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/ n
przekonanie przeświadczenie
firmly held belief
wyrok
judgement of guilt

convince /kənˈvɪns/ v
przekonywać przekonać
to make someone believe, or feel sure about something

convinced /kənˈvɪnst/ adj
przekonany
In a state of believing, especially from evidence

convoluted /ˌkɑnvəˈlutəd/ /ˌkɒnvəˈl(j)uːtɪd/ adj
zawiły
complex

convolution n
splot
(mathematics) A form of moving average

convoy /ˈkɒn.vɔɪ/ n
konwój
merchant ships sailing in company under the protection of naval vessels
group of vehicles traveling together for safety, especially one with an escort

coo /ku/ /kuː/ v
gruchać
to make a soft murmuring sound

cook /kuk/ /kʊk/ n
kucharz kucharka
a person who prepares food

cook /kuk/ /kʊk/ v
gotować warzyć kucharzyć
to prepare (food) for eating

cookbook /ˈkʊkˌbʊk/ n
książka kucharska
book of cooking recipes

cooker /ˈkʊkə/ /ˈkʊkɚ/ n
kuchenka
appliance or utensil for cooking

cookie /ˈkuːki/ /ˈkʊki/ n
ciastko ciasteczko herbatnik
small, flat baked good

cool /kuːl/ adj
fajny
colloquial: all right, acceptable
colloquial: being considered as "popular" by others
chwat kozak
colloquial: of a person, knowing what to do and how to behave in any situation
chłodny
having a slightly low temperature
unenthusiastic, lukewarm, skeptical
allowing or suggesting heat relief
opanowany spokojny
not showing emotion, calm

cool /kuːl/ n
chłód
moderate temperature

cool down v
chłodzić się ochłodzić się ostudzić się ostygnąć studzić się stygnąć
to become cooler (temperature)

cooling /ˈkuːlɪŋ/ n
chłodzenie
refrigeration

coop /kuːp/ n
kurnik
enclosure for birds

cooper /ˈkuːpə(ɹ)/ n
bednarz
craftsman

cooperate /koʊˈɒpəɹeɪt/ v
współpracować
to work together

cooperation /kowɑpəˈɹejʃən/ n
współpraca
act of cooperating or being cooperative

coordinate /koʊˈɔɹdənət/ /koʊˈɔɹdənɪt/ /koʊˈɔɹdəˌneɪt/ /kəʊˈɔːdɪnɪt/ /kəʊˈɔːdɪˌneɪt/ n
współrzędna
(mathematics, cartography) A number representing the position of a point along a line, arc, or similar one-dimensional figure․

coordinate /koʊˈɔɹdənət/ /koʊˈɔɹdənɪt/ /koʊˈɔɹdəˌneɪt/ /kəʊˈɔːdɪnɪt/ /kəʊˈɔːdɪˌneɪt/ v
koordynować skoordynować
to synchronize

coordinate term n
kohiponim
a term which shares a hypernym with another

coot /kuːt/ n
łyska
bird

cootchie-cootchie-coo interjection
gili-gili
said when tickling

cop /kɑp/ /kɒp/ n
glina gliniarz menda pies
police officer

copepod n
widłonóg
any of very many small crustaceans, of the subclass Copepoda

copernicium /koʊpəɹˈnɪsi.əm/ n
kopernik copernicium
chemical element

copilot n
drugi pilot
relief or assistant pilot of an aircraft

copper /ˈkɑ.pɚ/ /ˈkɒp.ə/ /ˈkɔp.ə/ adj
miedziany
made of copper

copper /ˈkɑ.pɚ/ /ˈkɒp.ə/ /ˈkɔp.ə/ n
miedź
chemical element Cu

coppersmith n
miedziownik
person

coppice /ˈkɒpɪs/ n
lasek zagajnik
grove of small growth

copra /ˈkɒ.pɹə/ n
kopra
dried kernel of coconut

coprime adj
względnie pierwsza
(of a positive integer) having no factor in common with...
względnie pierwsze
(of two or more positive integers) having no factors in common

coprolite /ˈkɒpɹə(ʊ)lʌɪt/ n
koprolit
fossilized excrement

coprophilia n
koprofilia
marked interest in excrement; the use of feces for sexual excitement

cops /kɒps/ n
gliny psy
law enforcement

copse /kɒps/ n
zagajnik
thicket of small trees or shrubs

copula /ˈkɑpjələ/ /ˈkɒpjʊlə/ n
łącznik spójka
grammar: linking kind of word

copulate /ˈkɒp.jə.leɪt/ /ˈkɔ.pjə.leɪt/ v
kopulować spółkować
to engage in sexual intercourse

copy /ˈkɑpi/ /ˈkɒpi/ n
egzemplarz
printed edition of a book or magazine
kopia
result of copying

copy /ˈkɑpi/ /ˈkɒpi/ v
naśladować udawać
imitate
kopiować podwajać
produce something identical
odbierać
radio term

copycat n
imitator naśladowca
one who imitates or plagiarizes others' work

copyright /ˈkɑpiˌɹaɪt/ /ˈkɒpiˌɹaɪt/ n
prawo autorskie
right to publish

coquet /ˈkɒk.ɛt/ v
kokietować
act as a flirt or coquet

cor anglais /ˌkɔɹ ɔŋˈɡleɪ/ /ˌkɔːɹ ˈɒŋɡleɪ/ n
rożek angielski
woodwind instrument

coral /ˈkɒɹəl/ /ˈkɔɹəl/ adj
koralowy
having the yellowish pink colour of coral
made of coral

coral /ˈkɒɹəl/ /ˈkɔɹəl/ n
koralowiec
colony
koral koralowina
substance

coral island n
wyspa koralowa
coral island

cord /kɔɹd/ /kɔːd/ n
sąg
unit of measurement for firewood

cordial /ˈkɔɹ.dɪ.əl/ /ˈkɔː.dɪ.əl/ adj
serdeczny
hearty

cordially /ˈkɔɹdʒəli/ /ˈkɔːdɪəli/ adv
serdecznie
in a friendly manner

cordierite n
kordieryt
a cyclosilicate

cordless adj
bezprzewodowy
without a cord

corduroy /ˈkɔɹdəɹɔɪ/ /ˈkɔːdəɹɔɪ/ n
sztruks
heavy fabric with vertical ribs

core /ko(ː)ɹ/ /koə/ /kɔɹ/ /kɔː/ n
ogryzek
central part of fruit, containing the kernels or seeds
rdzeń jądro
heart of a thing
rdzeń
one of severals parts in a computer processor

coriander /ˌkɒɹiˈændə/ n
kolendra kolendra siewna
Coriandrum sativum plant

cork /kɔɹk/ n
korek
bark of the cork oak
bottle stopper

cork oak n
dąb korkowy
a type of evergreen oak tree, Quercus suber

corkscrew /ˈkɔɹk.skɹu/ /ˈkɔːk.skɹuː/ n
korkociąg
implement for opening bottles sealed by a cork

cormorant /ˈkɔɹməɹənt/ /ˈkɔːməɹənt/ n
kormoran
seabird

corn bunting n
potrzeszcz
bird

corn dog n
corn dog parówka w cieście
hot dog coated in cornbread batter and deep-fried

corn flakes n
kornfleksy płatki z kukurydzy płatki śniadaniowe
breakfast cereal

corn on the cob n
kolba kukurydzy
cooked ears of corn

corn poppy n
mak polny
Papaver rhoeas

corn salad n
roszponka roszpunka
a plant

corn snake n
wąż zbożowy
a species of rat snake

corn thistle n
ostrożeń polny
Cirsium arvense

corncob /ˈkɔɹnkɒb/ /ˈkɔːnkɒb/ [ˈkɔɹnkɑb] n
kaczan kolba kukurydzy
core of an ear of corn

corncockle n
kąkol
plant of the genus Agrostemma

corncrake /ˈkɔrnˌkreɪk/ /ˈkɔːnkreɪk/ n
derkacz
the bird Crex crex

cornea /ˈkɔː(ɹ)ni.ə/ n
rogówka
layer forming the front of the eye

corner /ˈkɔɹnɚ/ /ˈkɔːnə(ɹ)/ n
róg
intersection of two streets
róg kąt węgieł kącik
space in the angle between converging lines or walls

corner flag n
chorągiewka boczna
flag marking the corner of a playing field

corner kick n
rzut rożny
in soccer

cornerstone n
kamień węgielny
ceremonial stone

cornet /kɔɹˈnɛt/ /ˈkɔːnɪt/ n
kornet
musical instrument

cornetist n
kornecista kornecistka

cornett /kɔɹˈnɛt/ /ˈkɔːnɪt/ n
cynk
wind instrument

cornflower /ˈkɔɹnˌflaʊɚ/ adj
chabrowy
cornflower coloured

cornflower /ˈkɔɹnˌflaʊɚ/ n
bławatek chaber
Centaurea cyanus

cornflower blue adj
chabrowy

cornice n
gzyms
horizontal architectural element

cornstarch n
maizena
very fine starch powder

cornucopia /ˌkɔː.nəˈkəʊ.pi.ə/ /ˌkɔːɹ.nəˈkoʊ.pi.ə/ n
róg obfitości
mythical horn endlessly overflowing with food and drink

corollary /kɒˈɹɒləɹi/ /ˈkɔɹəˌlɛɹi/ n
następstwo wniosek
proposition which follows easily

corona discharge n
ulot
ionization of air surrounding an energized conductor

coronal mass ejection n
koronalny wyrzut masy
coronal mass ejection

coronation /ˌkɒɹəˈneɪʃən/ /ˌkɔɹəˈneɪʃən/ n
koronacja
the act or solemnity of crowning

coronavirus /kəˈɹoʊnəˌvaɪɹəs/ /kəˈɹəʊnəˌvaɪɹəs/ n
koronawirus
member of the family Coronaviridae

coroner /ˈkɒ.ɹə.nə(ɹ)/ n
koroner
who presides over an inquest

corporal /ˈkɔɹ.pɝ.əl/ /ˈkɔː.pɹəl/ n
kapral
military rank
korporał
ecclesiastical: cloth on which the elements of the Eucharist are placed

corporal punishment /ˌkɔː.pəɹ.əl ˈpʌn.ɪʃ.mənt/ n
kara cielesna
form of punishment achieved by inflicting blows to the offender's body

corporate /ˈkɔɹpəɹət/ /ˈkɔːp(ə)ɹət/ adj
firmowy korporacyjny
of, or relating to a corporation

corporation /ˈkɔːpəˈɹeɪʃən/ /ˌkɔɹpəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
spółka akcyjna
public limited company

corpse /ˈkoːps/ /ˈkɔɹps/ /ˈkɔːps/ n
zwłoki trup ciało truchło
dead body

corpulent adj
korpulentny
large in body; fat

correct /kəˈɹɛkt/ adj
poprawny prawidłowy właściwy
free from error

correct /kəˈɹɛkt/ v
poprawiać poprawić
To make something wrong become right

correction fluid n
korektor
fluid for masking textual errors

correctly /kəˈɹɛktli/ adv
poprawnie prawidłowo właściwie
in a correct manner

correlation /kɒɹəˈleɪʃən/ /kɔɹəˈleɪʃən/ n
korelacja
measure of relationship

correspond /ˌkɑɹəˈspɑnd/ /ˌkɒɹəˈspɒnd/ /ˌkɔɹəˈspɑnd/ v
odpowiadać
to be equivalent or similar
korespondować
to exchange messages

corridor /ˈkɒɹɪˌdɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈkɔɹəˌdɔɹ/ n
korytarz powietrzny
airspace
korytarz
narrow hall or passage

corrigendum /ˌkɒɹ.ɪˈdʒɛn.dəm/ /ˌkɔɹ.ɨˈdʒɛn.dəm/ n
błąd druku korekta
error that is to be corrected in a printed work

corroborate /kəˈɹɑbəɹeɪ̯t/ /kəˈɹɒbəɹeɪ̯t/ v
potwierdzać
To confirm or support with additional evidence

corrupt /kəˈɹʌpt/ adj
skorumpowany
in a depraved state

corrupted adj
zdeprawowany zepsuty
Marked by immorality and perversion; depraved

corruption /kəˈɹʌpʃən/ n
korupcja
seeking bribes
zepsucie
the act of impairing integrity

corsair /ˈkɔːsɛː/ n
korsarz
privateersman or pirate

corset /ˈkɔː(ɹ).sɪt/ n
gorset
woman's garment

cortex /ˈkɔɹtɛks/ /ˈkɔːtɛks/ n
kora
tissue of a stem or root

cortisol n
kortyzol
the steroid hormone hydrocortisone

corundum /kəˈɹʌn.dəm/ n
korund
mineral

corvee /kɔːɹˈveɪ/ /ˈkɔːveɪ/ n
pańszczyzna
labor in lieu of taxes
unpaid labor required by a feudal lord

corvette n
korweta
modern warship
warship of 17th-18th century

coryphaeus n
koryfeusz koryfej
conductor of the dramatic chorus

corypheus n
koryfej koryfeusz
conductor of the dramatic chorus

coset n
warstwa
result of applying group operation with fixed element from the parent group on each element of a subgroup

cosily adv
przytulnie
in a cosy manner

cosine /ˈkoʊ.saɪn/ /ˈkəʊ.saɪn/ n
cosinus kosinus
trigonometric function

cosmetic /kɑzˈmɛtɪk/ /kɒzˈmɛtɪk/ adj
powierzchowny
external or superficial
kosmetyczny
relating to improving beauty particularly complexion

cosmetic /kɑzˈmɛtɪk/ /kɒzˈmɛtɪk/ n
kosmetyk
any substances applied to enhance the external color or texture of the skin

cosmetics n
kosmetyka
preparations to change or enhance the beauty
study of such products

cosmetologist n
kosmetolog
person who advises people on cosmetics and other beauty treatments

cosmic /ˈkɒz.mɪk/ adj
kosmiczny
of or from or pertaining to the cosmos or universe

cosmodrome n
kosmodrom
a site for launching spacecraft

cosmogony /kɒzˈmɒɡəni/ n
kosmogonia
the study of the origin of the universe

cosmologist n
kosmolog
person who studies cosmology

cosmology n
kosmologia
study of the physical universe

cosmonaut /ˈkɒzməˌnɔːt/ n
kosmonauta astronauta astronautka kosmonautka
an astronaut, especially a Russian or Soviet one

cosmopolitan /ˌkɑz.məˈpɑl.ɪ.tən/ /ˌkɒz.məˈpɒl.ɪ.tən/ adj
kosmopolityczny
at ease in any part of the world
composed of people from all over the world
growing in many parts of the world; widely distributed

cosmopolite /kɑzˈmɑ.pəˌlaɪt/ n
kosmopolita
cosmopolitan person

cosmos /ˈkɑz.moʊs/ /ˈkɑz.məs/ /ˈkɒz.mɒs/ n
kosmos wszechświat
the universe

cost /ˈkɑst/ /ˈkɒst/ /ˈkɔst/ n
koszt
amount of money spent for a purpose
cena
negative consequence or loss

cost /ˈkɑst/ /ˈkɒst/ /ˈkɔst/ v
kosztować
to incur a charge, a price

costly /ˈkɒst.li/ adj
kosztowny
expensive

costume /kɑsˈt(j)uːm/ /ˈkɑs.t(j)uːm/ /ˈkɒs.tjuːm/ n
strój kostium
dress of a particular country, period or people

cosy /ˈkoʊzi/ /ˈkəʊzi/ adj
ciepły miły przytulny
affording comfort and warmth

cot death n
śmierć łóżeczkowa
unexplained death of a baby, usually while sleeping

cotangent /ˈkoʊˌtænd͡ʒənt/ n
cotangens kotangens
trigonometric function

cottage cheese n
twaróg biały ser
cheese curd product

cotton /ˈkɑt.n̩/ /ˈkɒt.n̩/ adj
bawełniany
made of cotton

cotton /ˈkɑt.n̩/ /ˈkɒt.n̩/ n
bawełna
any plant yielding fiber like that of Gossypium
fabric
bawełna wata
fiber

cotton swab n
wymazówka patyczek do uszu patyczek higieniczny wacik
a small wad of cotton wrapped around the end of a small rod

cotton wool /ˈkɒtən wʊl/ n
wata
absorbent cotton

cotyledon /kɒtɪˈliːdn̩/ /ˌkɑtl̩ˈiːdn̩/ n
liścień
leaf of the embryo of a seed-bearing plant

couch /kaʊtʃ/ n
kanapa sofa wersalka
furniture for seating of more than one person

couch /kaʊtʃ/ v
redagować ubierać w słowa zredagować
phrase in a particular style

couch grass /ˈkaʊt͡ʃɡɹɑːs/ /ˈkaʊt͡ʃˌɡɹæs/ n
perz
species of grass

couch potato n
kanapowy leń
person

cougar /ˈkuɡɚ/ /ˈkuːɡə/ n
puma kuguar
Puma concolor

cough /kɑf/ /kɒf/ /kɔf/ /kɔːf/ n
kaszel
expulsion of air from the lungs
condition

cough /kɑf/ /kɒf/ /kɔf/ /kɔːf/ v
kaszleć
make a noise like a cough
push air from the lungs

could I see the menu, please phraseologicalUnit
czy mogę zobaczyć menu?
said to ask for a menu

couloir /kulˈwɑɹ/ n
żleb
steep gorge along a mountainside

coulomb /ˈku.lɑm/ /ˈkuː.lɒm/ n
kulomb
unit of electrical charge

coumarin /ˈkuːməɹɪn/ n
kumaryna
aromatic compound

council /ˈkaʊn.səl/ n
rada
committee that leads or governs

count /kaʊnt/ n
odliczanie
a countdown
liczenie
the act of counting
hrabia
ruler of a county (male)

count /kaʊnt/ v
liczyć się
to be of significance; to matter
liczyć
to enumerate or determine number

count down v
odliczać odliczyć
announce the passage of time
odliczać
await a precisely timed expected event

count on v
liczyć
rely upon, trust, or expect

countable /ˈkaʊntəbəl/ [ˈkʰaʊn(ɾ)əbɫ̩] adj
policzalny
grammar: freely used with numbers and the definite article
przeliczalny
math: having a bijection with a subset of the natural numbers

countable set n
zbiór przeliczalny
set that is countable

countdown /ˈkaʊntˌdaʊn/ n
odliczanie
a count backward to the time of some event

countenance /ˈkaʊn.tɪ.nəns/ [kʲʰæũ̯.ʔɪ̆.nəns] n
mina oblicze wyraz twarzy
face

counter /ˈkaʊntə/ /ˈkaʊntɚ/ n
blat
kitchen surface for food preparation
lada
table or board on which business is transacted

counter-attack n
kontratak
an attack made in response to an attack by the opponents

counterculture n
kontrkultura
any culture whose values and lifestyles are opposed to those of the established mainstream culture, especially to western culture

countercurrent n
przeciwprąd
Current that flows against the prevailing one

counterespionage n
kontrwywiad
activities to prevent spying

counterexample n
kontrprzykład
instance of the falsity

counterfeit /ˈkaʊn.tɚˌfɪt/ adj
podrobiony sfałszowany
intended to deceive or carry appearance of being genuine

counterfeit /ˈkaʊn.tɚˌfɪt/ n
falsyfikat podróbka
fake

counterfeit /ˈkaʊn.tɚˌfɪt/ v
fałszować podrabiać
To produce something that appears to be official or valid

counterfeiter n
fałszerka fałszerz
a person who counterfeits

counterpart /ˈkaʊntəˌpɑːt/ /ˈkaʊntɚˌpɑɹt/ n
odpowiednik
either of two parts that fit together, or complement one another
something that resembles something else

counterproductive adj
kontrproduktywny przeciwskuteczny
more of a hindrance than a help

counterrevolution n
kontrrewolucja
revolution to reverse effects of previous revolution

countersign v
kontrasygnować
add a second signature

countersignature n
kontrasygnata
a signature made to confirm or endorse another

countertenor n
kontratenor
adult male singer
singing voice

counterterrorist adj
antyterrorystyczny
intended to combat terrorism

counterweight n
przeciwwaga
heavy mass reducing the amount of work which must be done to effect the raising and lowering of something

countess /ˈkaʊntɨs/ n
hrabina
wife of a count or earl

countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj
niezliczony
too many to count, innumerable

country /ˈkɐntɹi/ /ˈkʌntɹi/ adj
wiejski
of, from or pertaining to the countryside (adjective)

country /ˈkɐntɹi/ /ˈkʌntɹi/ n
country
country music
kraj państwo
nation state
kraj ziemia
region of land
wieś prowincja
the country, rural area, as opposed to the town or city

country bumpkin n
wieśniak
unsophisticated person from a rural area

country of origin n
kraj pochodzenia
country of origin

countryman /ˈkʌntɹimən/ n
krajan krajanka
somebody from one's own country

countrywide /ˌkʌn.tɹiˈwaɪd/ adv
krajowy
Throughout a country

county /ˈkaʊnti/ n
powiat
administrative region of various countries
hrabstwo
land ruled by a count or countess

coup d'état /ˌkuː.dəˈteɪ/ /ˌkuːdeɪˈtɑː/ n
zamach stanu przewrót pucz
sudden overthrow of a government

coup de grâce /kuː də ɡɹæs/ /kuː də ɡɹɑː/ n
dobicie
final blow

couple /ˈkʌpəl/ n
paru parę
a small number of
dwa dwie dwójka
two of the same kind considered together
para
two partners

coupling /ˈkʌplɪŋ/ n
sprzężenie
(physics) property of physical systems that they are interacting with each other
sprzęganie
act of joining together to form a couple
sprzęg
device that couples two things together

coupon /ˈkuːˌpɑn/ /ˈkuːˌpɒn/ n
kupon
certificate of interest due
interest payment made or due on a bond
kupon odcinek
section of a ticket giving the holder some entitlement

courage /ˈkʌɹɪdʒ/ n
odwaga śmiałość męstwo
quality of a confident character

courgette /kʊəˈʒɛt/ /kʊɹˈʒɛt/ n
cukinia kabaczek
a small marrow/squash

course /ko(ː)ɹs/ /koəs/ /kɔːs/ /kɔːɹs/ /kɜːs/ n
kurs
learning program
nautical: direction of movement of a vessel
intended passage of voyage
trajektoria
sports: trajectory of a ball etc.
danie
stage of a meal

court /ko(ː)ɹt/ /koət/ /kɔɹt/ /kɔːt/ n
dwór
collective body of persons composing the retinue of a sovereign or person high in authority
formal assembling of the retinue of a sovereign
residence of a sovereign, prince, nobleman, or ether dignitary
dziedziniec podwórze
enclosed space; a courtyard
sąd trybunał
hall, chamber, or place, where justice is administered
tribunal established for the administration of justice
sąd
judge or judges
session of a judicial assembly
jurysdykcja
jurisdiction
kort
place for playing the game of tennis and some other ball games

court jester n
błazen
person who amused a medieval court

court of law n
sąd trybunał
court presided over by a judge

court-martial n
sąd wojskowy
military court

courteous /ˈkɜːti.əs/ /ˈkɝti.əs/ adj
grzeczny uprzejmy
showing regard for others

courteously adv
grzecznie uprzejmie
in a courteous manner

courtesan /kɔɹtɪˈzæn/ /kɔːtɪˈzæn/ /ˈkɔɹtɪzən/ n
kurtyzana
high-status prostitute
mistress

courtesy /ˈkɜːtəsi/ /ˈkɝtəsi/ n
kurtuazja
polite behavior

courtier /ˈko(ː)ɹtiɚ/ /ˈkoətɪə/ /ˈkɔɹtiɚ/ /ˈkɔːtɪə/ n
pochlebca przydupas
a person who flatters in order to seek favour
dworka dworzanin dwórka
attendant at a royal court

courtship /ˈkɔː(ɹ)tʃɪp/ n
zaloty
act of wooing in love

courtyard /ˈkɔɹt.jɑɹd/ /ˈkɔːt.jɑːd/ n
podwórze dziedziniec
unroofed walled area

cousin /ˈkʌz.n̩/ /ˈkʌz.ɪn/ [ˈkʰɐz.ən] n
kuzyn kuzynka
nephew or niece of a parent

cousinship n
kuzynostwo
state of being cousins

covariance n
kowariancja
statistical measure

covenant /ˈkʌv.ən.ənt/ n
ugoda umowa
binding agreement

covenant /ˈkʌv.ən.ənt/ v
zawrzeć umowę
to enter a formal agreement
umówić się
to enter into a covenant

coventrate v
kowentrykacja
devastate by heavy bombing

cover /ˈkʌvə/ /ˈkʌvɚ/ adj
okładkowy
about cover of a book or magazine

cover /ˈkʌvə/ /ˈkʌvɚ/ n
napiwek wliczony
cover charge
okładka
front and back of a book or a magazine
przykrycie przykrywka ukrycie
hiding
wieko przykrycie
lid
nakrycie
setting at a restaurant table
kapa narzuta pościel
top sheet

cover /ˈkʌvə/ /ˈkʌvɚ/ v
kryć
copulate (of animals)
kryć osłaniać
protect by shooting
pokrywać
provide enough money for
okrywać okryć osłaniać osłonić przykrywać przykryć
to conceal or protect

cover version n
cover
rerecording of a song

covet /ˈkʌvɪt/ v
pożądać
to wish for with eagerness

cow /kaʊ/ n
krowa
female domesticated ox or other bovine
derogatory: despicable woman
female of various species of mammal
any domestic bovine regardless of sex or age

cow parsley n
trybula leśna
a weedy biennial umbellifer

cow-wheat n
pszeniec
plant of genus Melampyrum

coward /ˈkaʊəd/ /ˈkaʊɚd/ n
tchórz strachajło
a person who lacks courage

cowardice /ˈkaʊədɪs/ /ˈkaʊɚdɪs/ n
bojaźliwość tchórzliwość tchórzostwo
the lack of courage

cowardly /ˈkaʊədli/ adj
tchórzliwy
showing cowardice

cowbane n
szalej
plant of the genus Cicuta

cowbell /ˈkaʊˌbɛl/ n
krowi dzwonek
musical instrument

cowlick /ˈkaʊˌlɪk/ n
kosmyk
unruly lock of hair

cowpox n
krowianka
a skin disease

cowrie /ˈkaʊ.ɹi/ n
kauri
any member of the genus Cypraea

cowshed n
obora
place for cows

coyote /kɔɪˈ(j)əʊt(ɪ)/ /kəˈjoʊti/ n
kojot
canine

coypu n
nutria
Myocastor coypus

crab /kɹæb/ n
opryskliwy
bad-tempered person
krab
crustacean

crab louse n
menda mendoweszka wesz łonowa
insect

crab plover n
krabojad krabożer
Dromas ardeola

crab-eating fox n
lis krabojad majkong
Cerdocyon thous

crabs /kɹæbz/ n
wesz łonowa
slang: pubic lice

crack /kɹæk/ n
trzask
any sharp sound
sharp sound made when solid material breaks
pęknięcie
thin space opened in a previously solid material
szparka
vulgar: vagina (only terms derived from "crack" and its equivalents)

crack up v
pękać ze śmiechu
to laugh

cracker /ˈkɹækə(ɹ)/ n
haker
computing: one who cracks
krakers
crispy baked bread, usually salty or savoury
białas
derogatory: white person

cradle /ˈkɹeɪdəl/ n
kolebka
figuratively: place of origin
kołyska kolebka
oscillating bed for a baby
widełki
rest for the receiver of a telephone

craft /kɹæft/ /kɹɑːft/ n
rzemiosło
skilled practice of practical occupation

craftsman n
rzemieślnik
male artisan

crafty /ˈkɹæfti/ /ˈkɹɑːfti/ adj
chytry podstępny przebiegły
cunning, wily

crag /kɹæɡ/ n
skała
a rocky outcrop

craggy /kɹæɡi/ adj
skalisty
characterized by rugged etc. features

cram school n
kursy
specialised school

crampon /ˈkɹæmpɑn/ n
rak
attachment to a shoe used for climbing or walking on ice

cranberry /ˈkɹænb(ə)ɹɪ/ n
żurawina
berry
shrub

cranberry juice n
sok żurawinowy
the unfermented juice of squeezed cranberries

crane /kɹeɪn/ n
żuraw
bird
dźwig żuraw
machinery

cranefly /ˈkɹeɪnˌflaɪ/ n
komarnica koziółka pytloch
fly of the suborder Tipulomorpha

cranial /ˈkɹeɪni.əl/ adj
czaszkowy
of or relating to the cranium, or to the skull

craniotomy n
kraniotomia
surgical procedure

crap /kɹæp/ interjection
kurde
expression of worry, disgust

crap /kɹæp/ n
gówno łajno
feces
pierdoły
nonsense
badziewie dziadostwo szajs
something of poor quality

crash /kɹæʃ/ n
awaria
computer malfunction
grzmot
loud sound
krach
sudden large decline of business
kraksa wypadek
vehicle accident

crater /ˈkɹeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɹeɪ.tɚ/ n
krater
astronomy: hemispherical pit
geology: opening of a volcano

craton n
kraton
stable part of Earth's crust

crawl /kɹɑl/ /kɹɔl/ /kɹɔːl/ v
pełzać pełznąć
to move along the ground

crayfish /ˈkɹeɪˌfɪʃ/ n
rak
freshwater crustacean resembling lobster

craze /kɹeɪz/ v
popękać
to crack, as the glazing of porcelain or pottery

crazed /kɹeɪzd/ adj
spękany
Covered with cracks

crazy /ˈkɹeɪzi/ adj
szalony
insane, demented

crazy /ˈkɹeɪzi/ n
dziwak wariat świr
an insane or eccentric person

creak /kɹiːk/ v
trzeszczeć
to make a prolonged sharp grating or squeaking sound

cream /kɹiːm/ adj
kremowy
colour

cream /kɹiːm/ n
śmietana
oily part of milk
krem
product to apply to the skin
śmietanka krem
the best part

cream /kɹiːm/ v
zmiażdżyć
to obliterate, to win over someone else quite decisively

cream puff n
ptyś
hollow pastry filled with cream or custard

cream-colored courser n
raczak zwyczajny
Cursorius cursor

crease /kɹiːs/ v
miąć
to make a crease in

create /kɹiːˈeɪt/ v
tworzyć
to put into existence
to design, invest with a new form, shape etc.

creation /kɹiːˈeɪʃən/ [kɹiːˈʲeɪʃɘn] n
tworzenie
act of creation
wytwór
something created such as an invention or artwork

creationism n
kreacjonizm
any creationary theory or belief system

creationist n
kreacjonista kreacjonistka
a proponent or supporter of creationism

creative /kɹiˈeɪtɪv/ adj
twórczy
having the ability to create
kreatywny twórczy
original, expressive, and imaginative

creative work n
dzieło utwór
manifestation of creative effort

creativity /kɹieɪˈtɪvəti/ /kɹieɪˈtɪvɪti/ n
kreatywność twórczość
quality or ability to create or invent something

creator /kɹiˈeɪtɚ/ /kɹiːˈeɪtə/ n
twórca
one who creates

creature /kɹiːˈeɪtjʊə/ /ˈkɹiːt͡ʃə/ /ˈkɹiːt͡ʃəɹ/ n
stworzenie istota stwór
living being

credibility /kɹɛd.ə.ˈbɪ.ɫɪ.ti/ n
wiarygodność
law: whether or not a witness is being truthful

credit card n
karta kredytowa
card connected to a credit account used to buy goods or services

creditor n
wierzyciel
a person to whom a debt is owed

creditworthiness n
wiarygodność kredytowa
property of being creditworthy

credulous /ˈkɹɛdʒələs/ adj
łatwowierny
excessively ready to believe things

cremate /kɹəˈmeɪt/ /ˈkɹimeɪt/ v
kremować skremować
incinerate a body

cremation n
kremacja
burning

crematorium /kɹɛməˈtɔːɹɪəm/ n
krematorium
place where dead bodies are cremated

crenel /ˈkɹɛnəl/ n
miedza
space between merlons

creolistics n
kreolistyka
study of creoles

crepe /kɹeɪp/ n
naleśnik
very thin pancake

crescendo /kɹɪˈʃɛn.doʊ/ /kɹɪˈʃɛn.dəʊ/ n
crescendo
music: instruction to play gradually more loudly

crescent /ˈkɹɛs.n̩t/ /ˈkɹɛz.n̩t/ n
rogal
curved pastry
półksiężyc
figure of the moon

cress /kɹɛs/ n
rzeżucha
a plant

cresset n
kaganek kaganiec
iron cage to hold fire

crest /kɹɛst/ n
klejnot
heraldic bearing

crested lark n
dzierlatka
small lark

crested tit n
sikora czubatka czubatka czubatka europejska sikora czubata
bird of the tit family

cretin /ˈkɹiːtən/ /ˈkɹɛtɪn/ n
kretyn
pejorative: an idiot
person who fails to develop due to congenital hypothyroidism

cretinism n
kretynizm
disease of severely stunted physical and mental growth

crevice /ˈkɹɛvɪs/ n
rysa szczelina szpara
narrow crack

crew /kɹuː/ n
załoga ekwipaż ekipa
group of people operating a large facility or piece of equipment

crib /kɹɪb/ n
kojec
a baby’s bed with high sides
ściąga ściągawka
a collection of quotes or references for use in speaking
żłób
a feeding trough for animals
ściąga
notes concealed by a student to aid him/her in test or examination

crib death n
śmierć łóżeczkowa
the unexplained death of a baby usually while sleeping

cricket /ˈkɹɪk.ɪt/ n
świerszcz
insect
krykiet
game

cricothyrotomy n
konikotomia krikotyreotomia
incision made through the skin and cricothyroid membrane

crime /kɹaɪm/ n
przestępstwo zbrodnia
specific act committed in violation of the law

crime against humanity n
zbrodnia przeciwko ludzkości
a large-scale persecution of, or atrocity against a body of people

crime doesn't pay /kɹaɪm ˈdʌzˌənt peɪ/ proverb
winie depcze po piętach kara
if you a commit a crime you will most likely be punished for it

crime scene n
miejsce zbrodni
location of a crime

criminal /ˈkɹɪmənəl/ adj
kryminalny przestępczy
being against the law

criminal /ˈkɹɪmənəl/ n
przestępca kryminalista
person guilty of a crime, breaking the law

criminal law n
prawo karne
area of law

criminology n
kryminologia
the study of crime and criminals, especially their behaviour

crimson /ˈkɹɪmzən/ adj
karmazynowy
having a deep red colour

crimson /ˈkɹɪmzən/ n
karmazyn
deep, slightly bluish red

cripple /ˈkɹɪpl/ adj
kaleki
crippled

cripple /ˈkɹɪpl/ n
kaleka
person who has severe impairment in physical abilities

cripple /ˈkɹɪpl/ v
okaleczyć
to give someone a physical disability

crisis /ˈkɹaɪsɪs/ n
kryzys
unstable situation in political, social, economic or military affairs
crucial or decisive point or situation; a turning point
sudden change in the course of a disease
traumatic or stressful change in a person's life
point in a drama at which a conflict reaches a peak before being resolved

criterion /kɹaɪˈtɪəɹi.ən/ n
kryterium
standard for comparison and judgment

critic /ˈkɹɪt.ɪk/ n
krytyk krytyczka
person who appraises the works of others
specialist in judging works of art
one who criticizes; a person who finds fault

criticism /ˈkɹɪtɪsɪzəm/ n
krytyka
act of criticising

criticize /ˈkɹɪtɪsaɪz/ v
oceniać
to evaluate
krytykować
to find fault

critique /kɹɪ.ˈtik/ /kɹɪˈtiːk/ n
krytyka recenzja
essay in which another piece of work is criticised, reviewed

critter /ˈkɹɪtə/ /ˈkɹɪtɚ/ n
futrzak
a creature

croak /kɹoʊk/ /kɹəʊk/ n
rechot
the cry of a frog or toad

croak /kɹoʊk/ /kɹəʊk/ v
rechotać kumkać
of a frog, to make its cry
zabić
slang: to kill

crochet /kɹoʊˈʃeɪ/ n
robota szydełkowa
needlework

crochet /kɹoʊˈʃeɪ/ v
szydełkować
to make needlework using a hooked needle

crockery n
sztućce
plates, dishes and other eating and serving tableware

crocket n
żabka
(architecture) any of a series of hook-shaped decorative floral elements used in Gothic architecture

crocodile /ˈkɹɑkədaɪl/ /ˈkɹɒkədaɪl/ n
krokodyl
reptile

crocodile tear /ˈkɹɑkədaɪl ˌtɪɹ/ /ˈkɹɒkədaɪl ˌtɪə/ n
krokodyle łzy
display of tears that is forced or false

crocus /ˈkɹoʊ.kəs/ /ˈkɹəʊ.kəs/ n
krokus szafran
plant of genus Crocus

croissant /kɹɘˈsɔnt/ /kɹəˈsɑnt/ /kɹəˈsɔnt/ /ˈk(ɹ)wæsɒ̃/ [kʰɹəˈsɑnt] [kʰɹ̥əˈsɑnt] n
croissant
a flaky roll or pastry in a form of a crescent

cromlech /ˈkɹɑmlɛk/ /ˈkɹɒmlɛk/ n
kromlech
Welsh dolmen or underground tomb

cronyism /ˈkɹoʊ.ni.ɪ.zəm/ /ˈkɹəʊ.ni.ɪ.zəm/ n
kumoterstwo
favoritism to friends without regard for their qualifications

crooked /kɹʊkt/ adj
krzywy
set at an angle

crop /kɹɑp/ /kɹɒp/ n
wysyp
group, cluster or collection of things
plon urodzaj
natural production for a specific year
wole
part of bird's or animal’s alimentary tract
roślina uprawna
plant grown for food

croquette /kɹoʊˈkɛt/ n
krokiet
food

crosier /ˈkɹoʊʒɚ/ /ˈkɹəʊzi.ə/ n
pastorał
staff of a bishop or abbot

cross /kɹɑs/ /kɹɒs/ /kɹɔs/ /kɹɔːs/ n
krzyżówka
biology: animal or plant produced by crossbreeding or cross-fertilization
krzyż
geometrical figure
in heraldry
wooden post with a perpendicular beam, used for crucifixion
definite: the cross on which Christ was crucified
figuratively: difficult situation
krzyż krzyżyk
gesture made by Christians

cross one's fingers v
trzymać kciuki
do this or a similar gesture to wish for good luck

cross out v
skreślać skreślić
to strike out

cross the Rubicon v
przekroczyć Rubikon
to make an irreversible decision

cross-dressing v
crossdressing
wearing clothes of the opposite gender

cross-eyed adj
zezowaty
having both eyes oriented inward

cross-legged adj
ze skrzyżowanymi nogami
having one ankle over and across the other
z założoną nogą na nogę
having one leg over and across the other

cross-reference n
odsyłacz,odnośnik, odpowiednik
a reference to another location in the same source

cross-reference v
odniesienie odnośnik odpowiednik odsyłacz
provide with cross-reference

crossbar n
poprzeczka
top of the goal structure
rama
top tube of a bicycle frame

crossbow /ˈkɹɒsbəʊ/ n
kusza samostrzał
mechanised weapon based on the bow

crossbowman n
kusznik
someone equipped with a crossbow

crosseyed adj
zezowaty
having both eyes oriented inward, especially involuntarily

crossfire /ˈkɹɒsfaɪə/ /ˈkɹɔːsfaɪɹ/ n
ogień krzyżowy
lines of fire

crossguard n
jelec
Bar of metal, at right-angles, between the blade and the hilt of a sword.

crossing /ˈkɹɑsɪŋ/ /ˈkɹɒsɪŋ/ /ˈkɹɔsɪŋ/ n
skrzyżowanie
intersection where roads, lines, or tracks cross

crossroads n
skrzyżowanie
intersection

crossword n
krzyżówka
word puzzle

crotch /kɹɑtʃ/ /kɹɒtʃ/ n
krocze krok
area of a person’s body
rozstaj rozwidlenie
area where something forks

crotchet /ˈkɹɑtʃ.ɪt/ /ˈkɹɒtʃ.ɪt/ n
ćwierćnuta
musical note

crotonic acid n
kwas krotonowy
an unsaturated organic acid

croup /kɹuːp/ n
krup
an infectious illness of the larynx

croupier n
krupier krupierka
person who collects bets and pays out winnings at a gambling table

crouton /ˈkɹuːtɑːn/ /ˈkɹuːtɒn/ n
grzanka
small piece of bread

crow /kɹoʊ/ /kɹəʊ/ n
wrona
any bird of the genus Corvus
łom
bar of iron
pianie
cry of the rooster

crow /kɹoʊ/ /kɹəʊ/ v
piać
to make the sound of a rooster
piać z zachwytu
to utter a sound of joy

crow's feet n
kurze łapki
wrinkles at the outer corners of the eye

crowbar /ˈkɹoʊˌbɑɹ/ n
łom
iron or steel bar used as a lever to manually force things apart

crowberry /ˈkɹəʊbəɹɪ/ n
bażyna
the genus Empetrum

crowd /kɹaʊd/ n
tłum
group of people

crown /kɹaʊn/ n
szczyt
highest part of a hill
korona
representation of such a headdress
royal headdress
dentistry: prosthetic covering for a tooth
anatomy: part of tooth
top of a tree
part of a plant where the root and stem meet
imperial or regal power
ciemię
topmost part of the head
wianek wianuszek
wreath or band for the head

crown /kɹaʊn/ /kɹoʊn/ v
koronować
to place a crown on the head of
to formally declare one a king or emperor

crown cap n
kapsel
type of bottle cap

crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/ adj
krzyżowy
cross-shaped
krytyczny
extremely important

crucian carp n
karaś karaś pospolity
Carassius carassius

crucible /ˈkɹuː.sɪ.bəl/ n
tygiel
heat-resistant container in which metals are melted
cup-shaped piece of laboratory equipment

crucifix /ˈkɹuː.sɨˌfɪks/ n
krucyfiks
object

crucifixion /ˌkrusəˈfɪkʃn̩/ n
ukrzyżowanie
death of Christ on cross

crucify /ˈkɹuːsɪfaɪ/ v
ukrzyżować
to execute a person by nailing to a crucifix

crude /kɹuːd/ adj
nieoczyszczony surowy
being in a natural state
prymitywny
characterized by simplicity

cruel /kɹuːəl/ adj
okrutny
that intentionally causes pain and suffering

cruelly /ˈkɹuːəli/ adv
okrutnie
in a cruel manner

cruelty /ˈkɹuː(ə)lti/ n
okrucieństwo
indifference to suffering

cruet /ˈkɹu.ɪt/ n
flaszka
A small bottle or container used to hold a condiment
ampułka
A small vessel used to hold wine or water for the Eucharist

cruft /kɹʌft/ n
barachło rupiecie szajs
anything old or of inferior quality

cruise /kɹuːz/ n
rejs
sea voyage

cruise control n
tempomat
system

cruise ship n
statek wycieczkowy wycieczkowiec
passenger ship

cruiser /ˈkɹuzɚ/ n
krążownik
class of warships
naval vessel detached from the fleet
wycieczkowiec
passenger ship designed for cruising

crumb /kɹʌm/ n
okruch
small piece of biscuit, cake, etc
miękisz
soft internal portion of bread

crumple /ˈkɹʌmpəl/ v
miąć
to rumple

crunch /kɹʌntʃ/ n
chrupanie chrupnięcie chrzęst
a noisy crackling sound

crunchy /ˈkɹʌntʃi/ adj
chrupki kruchy
likely to crunch

crupper /ˈkɹʌpə/ n
podogonie
strap stopping saddle from slipping

crusade /kɹuːˈseɪd/ n
krucjata wyprawa krzyżowa
grand concerted effort
military expedition

crusader /kɹuˈseɪdɚ/ /kɹuːˈseɪdə/ n
krzyżowiec
fighter in the medieval crusades

crush /kɹʌʃ/ n
sympatia zauroczenie
love or infatuation or its object (often short-lived or unrequited)

crush /kɹʌʃ/ v
kruszyć miażdżyć rozgniatać rozgnieść skruszyć zmiażdżyć
to press or bruise between two hard bodies

crust /kɹʌst/ n
skórka
outer layer of bread
bread foundation of pizza
skorupa
outermost layer of a planet

crustacean /kɹʌsˈteɪʃən/ n
skorupiak
arthropod of the subphylum Crustacea

crutch /kɹʌtʃ/ n
kula
device to assist in motion as a cane

crux /kɹʌks/ n
sedno
central or essential point
zagadka
puzzle or difficulty

cry /kɹaɪ̯/ n
płacz
shedding of tears
krzyk okrzyk
words shouted or screamed
shout or scream

cry /kɹaɪ̯/ v
krzyczeć
intransitive: to shout, scream, yell
płakać
intransitive: to weep

cry over spilt milk v
płakać nad rozlanym mlekiem
to worry about unfortunate events which have already happened

crybaby /ˈkɹaɪˌbeɪbi/ n
beksa
baby who cries excessively
mamisynek
person whose feelings are easily hurt

cryotron n
kriotron
switch that employs superconductivity

cryovolcano n
kriowulkan
cryovolcano

crypt /kɹɪpt/ n
krypta
undergound vault

cryptanalyst n
kryptoanalityk
an expert in analyzing and breaking codes

cryptic /ˈkɹɪptɪk/ adj
niejasny
mystified or of an obscure nature

crypto- /kɹɪptoʊ-/ prefix
krypto-

cryptocurrency n
kryptowaluta
type of digital currency

cryptodepression /ˌkɹiptoʊdəˈpɹɛʃ(ə)n/ /ˌkɹɪptəʊdɪˈpɹɛʃən/ n
kryptodepresja
portion of a lake which lies below sea level

cryptography [kɹ̥ɪpˈtʰɒɡɹəfiː] n
kryptografia
discipline concerned with communication security

cryptologist n
kryptolog
One who studies cryptology

cryptology /kɹɪpˈtɑ.lə.dʒi/ /kɹɪpˈtɒl.ə.dʒi/ n
kryptologia
practice

cryptorchidism n
wnętrostwo
The failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum

cryptovirus n
kryptowirus wirus-szyfrator
malware

crystal /ˈkɹɪstəl/ n
kryształ
array of atoms
mineral
glassware

crystal ball n
szklana kula
globe used to foretell the future

crystalline /ˈkɹɪst.əl.aɪn/ adj
krystaliczny
relating to crystals
resembling crystal in being clear and transparent

crystallize /ˈkɹɪstəlaɪz/ v
krystalizować
to make something form into crystals

csardas /ˈtʃɑɹdɑʃ/ /ˈtʃɑːdæʃ/ n
czardasz
Hungarian folk dance

ctenophore /ˈtiːnəfɔː/ n
żebropław
any of various marine animals of the phylum Ctenophora

cub /kʌb/ n
młode
the young of certain animals
lisię szczenię
young fox

cubbyhole n
izdebka klitka
a small, snug room

cube /kjub/ /kjuːb/ n
do sześcianu sześcian
arithmetic: number raised to the third power
sześcian
geometry: polyhedron having of six identical square faces
kostka sześcian
object more or less in the form of a cube

cube /kjub/ /kjuːb/ v
podnosić do sześcianu
arithmetic: to raise to the third power

cube root n
pierwiastek sześcienny
number

cubic /ˈkju.bɪk/ /ˈkjuː.bɪk/ adj
kubiczny regularny
Having three equal axes and all angles 90°
sześcienny
in the name of units of volume

cubic metre n
metr sześcienny
unit of volume

cubism /ˈkjuː.bɪz.əm/ n
kubizm
An artistic movement characterized by the depiction of natural forms as geometric structures of planes

cuboid adj
prostopadłościan
of the shape of a cube

cuboid n
prostopadłościan
rectangular parallelepiped

cuckold /ˈkʌk.oʊld/ /ˈkʌk.əʊld/ n
rogacz
man married to an unfaithful wife

cuckold /ˈkʌk.oʊld/ /ˈkʌk.əʊld/ v
przyprawić komuś rogi
make a cuckold

cuckoo /ˈkuːkuː/ /ˈkʊkuː/ n
kukułka
the bird

cuckoo /ˈkuːkuː/ /ˈkʊkuː/ v
kukać
to make the call of a cuckoo
gęgać
to repeat something incessantly

cucumber /ˈkaʊˌkʌmbəɹ/ /ˈkjuːˌkʌmbə/ /ˈkjuːˌkʌmbəɹ/ n
ogórek
edible fruit
plant

cuddle /ˈkʌd.l̩/ n
przytulenie
affectionate embrace

cuddle /ˈkʌd.l̩/ v
przytulać przytulić
cradle in one's arms
miziać się przytulać się przytulić się
embrace, lie together snugly

cuddly adj
milusi milusiński
Suitable for cuddling

cudgel /ˈkʌdʒəl/ n
pałka maczuga
a short heavy club with a rounded head used as a weapon

cue /kjuː/ n
kij
straight tapering rod used to impel the balls in games such as billiards, snooker, and pool

cuff /kʌf/ n
mankiet
the end of a shirt sleeve that covers the wrist
the end of a pants leg, folded up

cufflink /ˈkʌflɪŋk/ n
spinka do mankietu
button used to hold a sleeve cuff together

cuirass /kwɪˈɹæs/ n
kirys
piece of defensive armor, covering the body from the neck to the girdle

cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/ n
kuchnia
characteristic style of preparing food

culprit /ˈkʌl.pɹɨt/ n
delikwent winowajca
culprit

cult /kʌlt/ adj
kultowy
enjoyed by a small, loyal group

cult /kʌlt/ n
kult sekta
a sect
kult
devotion to a saint

cult of personality n
kult jednostki
situation of being falsely idolized

cultivar n
kultywar
cultivated variety

cultural studies n
kulturoznawstwo
diverse field of study

culture /ˈkʌlt͡ʃə/ /ˈkʌlt͡ʃɚ/ n
kultura
arts, customs and habits
the beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that constitute a people's way of life

culture of death n
cywilizacja śmierci

culture shock n
szok kulturowy
state of anxious confusion

culvert n
przepust
channel for draining water

cum /kʌm/ n
nasienie sperma
slang: semen

cum /kʌm/ v
wytryskiwać
slang: have an orgasm; ejaculate

cumbersome /ˈkʌmbɚsəm/ adj
uciążliwy
burdensome or hindering, as a weight or drag; vexatious; cumbrous
nieporęczny
hard, difficult, demanding to handle
nieporęczny niewygodny
not easily managed or handled; awkward

cumin /ˈkjuːmɪn/ /ˈkumɪn/ n
kminek
its seed used as spice
kmin rzymski
plant Cuminum cyminum

cumulative adj
narastający
incorporating all data up to the present

cumulative distribution function n
dystrybuanta
a function in probability theory

cunctation /kʌŋkˈteɪʃən/ n
kunktatorstwo zwłoka
delay, hesitation, procrastination

cuneal adj
klinowy
shaped like a wedge

cuneiform /kjuːˈni.ə.fɔɹm/ /ˈkjuː.nɪ.fɔːm/ adj
klinowy
written in the cuneiform writing system

cuneiform /kjuːˈni.ə.fɔɹm/ /ˈkjuː.nɪ.fɔːm/ n
pismo klinowe
ancient writing system

cunnilingus /ˌkʌnɪˈlɪŋɡəs/ n
cunnilingus mineta
oral stimulation of female genitals

cunning /ˈkʌnɪŋ/ adj
chytry sprytny
sly

cunningly adv
chytrze sprytnie
with cunning, cleverly

cunt /kʌnt/ n
cipa pizda cipsko
genitalia
cipa pizda
unpleasant or objectionable person

cup /kʌp/ n
puchar
contest
trophy
filiżanka
drinking vessel
unit of measure

cupbearer /ˈkʌpbɛəɹə/ /ˈkʌpbɛɹɚ/ n
podczaszy
cup carrier

cupboard /ˈkʌbəd/ /ˈkʌbɚd/ n
szafa
enclosed storage

cupola /ˈkjuːpələ/ n
kopuła
architecture: dome-shaped ornamental structure

cupule n
kupula
small structure shaped like a cup

cur [kɜː] [kɝ] n
kundel
inferior dog

curare n
kurara
a substance containing the alkaloid D-tubocurarine

curassow n
czubacz
birds of the family Cracidae

curaçao /ˈk(j)ʊəɹ.əˌsaʊ/ /ˈkjuːɹəsaʊ/ n
curacao
liqueur

curfew /ˈkəː.fjuː/ /ˈkɚ.fju/ n
godzina policyjna
a regulation requiring people to be off the streets and in their homes by a certain time

curiosity /ˌkjʊəɹɪˈɒsɪti/ n
ciekawość
inquisitiveness; the tendency to ask questions, investigate, or explore
ciekawostka
unique or extraordinary object which arouses interest

curiosity killed the cat proverb
ciekawość to pierwszy stopień do piekła ciekawy kot do studni wpadł
undue curiosity is dangerous

curious /ˈkjɝi.əs/ /ˈkjʊəɹi.əs/ adj
ciekawy
inquisitive

curium /ˈkjʊəɹiəm/ n
kiur
chemical element

curl /kəːl/ /kɝl/ n
rotacja
mathematics: vector operator

curlew /ˈkɜːlju/ /ˈkɜːlu/ /ˈkɝlu/ n
kulik
migratory wading bird

curlew sandpiper n
biegus krzywodzioby
Calidris ferruginea

curling iron n
lokówka
a heated cylindrical device for curling the hair

curly /ˈkɜːli/ /ˈkɝli/ n
kręconowłosy
a person or animal with curly hair

currant /ˈkɝənt/ /ˈkʌɹənt/ n
porzeczka
fruit

currency /ˈkʌɹ.ən.si/ n
waluta
money or other item used to facilitate transactions

current /ˈkʌɹənt/ adj
aktualny bieżący
existing or occurring at the moment
aktualny
generally accepted, used, practiced, or prevalent at the moment

current /ˈkʌɹənt/ n
prąd
prąd natężenie prądu
time rate of flow of electric charge

current account n
rachunek bieżący
checking account

currently /ˈkʌɹəntli/ adv
obecnie aktualnie
at this moment

curriculum /kəˈɹɪk.jə.ləm/ /kəˈɹɪkjələm/ n
program nauczania
set of courses and coursework

curriculum vitae /kəˈɹɪkjələm ˈviːteɪ/ n
życiorys
written account of one's education, accomplishments, etc.

curry /kɜ.ɹi/ /ˈkʌ.ɹi/ n
curry
sauce or relish

currycomb n
zgrzebło
a comb or brush used to groom horses

curse /kɜːs/ /kɝːs/ n
klątwa
prayer that harm may befall someone
klątwa przekleństwo
supernatural detriment
przekleństwo
vulgar epithet

curse /kɜːs/ /kɝːs/ v
przeklinać przekląć
to place a curse upon
kląć zakląć
to use offensive language
przeklinać
to utter a vulgar curse

cursed /ˈkɜːsɪd/ /ˈkɝsɪd/ adj
przeklęty
having some sort of divine harm

cursor /kɜɹsəɹ/ n
kursor
GUI: moving icon representing the position of a pointing device
GUI: indicator of where the next insertation or other edit will take place
part of scientific instruments that indicates position

cursory /ˈkɜː.sə.ɹi/ /ˈkɝː.sə.ɹi/ /ˈkɵː.sɘ.ɹi/ adj
pobieżny
hasty, superficial, careless

curtain /ˈkɜːtn̩/ /ˈkɝtn̩/ n
zasłona kurtyna firana firanka
piece of cloth covering a window
kurtyna zasłona
piece of cloth in a theater

curtain /ˈkɜːtn̩/ /ˈkɝtn̩/ v
zasłonić
to cover with a curtain

curtsey /ˈkɜːtsɪ/ /ˈkɝtsɪ/ n
dygnięcie
small bow of knees and lowered body, usually by a female

curtsey /ˈkɜːtsɪ/ /ˈkɝtsɪ/ v
dygać
to make a curtsey

curve /kɜːv/ /kɝv/ n
zakręt krzywa
gentle bend
krzywa
geometry: one-dimensional figure
curved line

cushion /ˈkʊʃən/ n
banda
in cue sports
poduszka
soft material in cloth bag
absorbent or protective item

cusk n
brosma
cod-like fish

custody /ˈkʌstədiː/ n
kustodia
Franciscan administrative unit

custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n
zwyczaj obyczaj moda nawyk
frequent repetition of the same act

custom house n
urząd celny
official building, in a port, where customs are collected and shipping is cleared for entry and exit

customer /ˈkʌstəmə/ /ˈkʌstəmɚ/ n
klient
one who purchases or receives a product or service

customer service n
obsługa klientów
act of providing services
obsługa klienta
department

customer support n
obsługa klienta
provision of service

customize /ˈkʌst.ə.maɪ̯z/ v
dostosowywać personalizować
alter according to preferences

customs officer n
celnik
officer

custos n
kustosz
superior of a custody

cut /kʌt/ v
ciąć
to perform an incision
to cease recording

cut corners v
iść na skróty
do a less-than-thorough or incomplete job

cut in v
odbijać odbić
to replace somebody's dancing partner

cut off v
odcinać odciąć
To cause to come off, from cutting
To isolate or remove from contact
rozłączać rozłączyć
To end abruptly
przerwać przerywać
To interrupt someone talking

cut to the chase v
przejść do rzeczy
to get to the point

cutaneous adj
skórny
of, or relating to the skin

cute /kjuːt/ adj
urzekający
attractive or pleasing in a youthful, dainty, quaint or fun-spirited way
cwany sprytny
dated: mentally keen or discerning; clever, shrewd
słodki uroczy
having features mainly attributed to infants and small or cuddly animals

cutie /ˈkjuːti/ n
czaruś piękniś
a cute person or animal

cutlass /ˈkʌtləs/ n
kord
a short sword with a curved blade

cutler n
nożowniczka nożownik
One whose business is making or dealing in cutlery

cutlery /ˈkʌt.lə.ɹi/ n
sztućce
eating and serving utensils

cutlet n
kotlet sznycel
slice of meat

cutthroat n
nożownik
murderer

cutting /ˈkʌtɪŋ/ adj
uszczypliwy
(potentially) hurtful

cutting /ˈkʌtɪŋ/ n
cięcie przecięcie
action of the verb to cut
montaż
editing of film or other recordings
sadzonka
leaf, stem, branch, or root removed from a plant
wycinek
newspaper clipping

cuttlefish /ˈkʌ.təl.fɪʃ/ n
mątwa
any of various squidlike mollusks

cyan /ˈsaɪˌæn/ adj
turkusowy
of the colour cyan

cyan /ˈsaɪˌæn/ n
turkus
a colour between blue and green

cyanide /ˈsaɪənaɪd/ n
cyjanek
chemistry: any compound containing the CN group

cyanosis /ˌsaɪəˈnoʊsɪs/ n
sinica
discolouration of the skin

cyber- /ˈsaɪbə/ /ˈsaɪbɚ/ prefix
cyber-
the Internet or cyberspace

cyberattack n
cyberatak
an attack over a computer network

cyberbullying n
cyberprzemoc
bullying online

cybernetic /ˌsaɪbə(ɹ)ˈnɛtɪk/ /ˌsaɪbɚˈnɛtɪk/ adj
cybernetyczny
relating to the mathematical study of control

cybernetics /ˌsaɪ.bə(ɹ)ˈnɛ.tɪks/ n
cybernetyka
science of communication and control

cyberpunk n
cyberpunk
sci-fi subgenre

cybersex v
cyberseks
exchange explicit sexual experiences online

cyberspace /ˈsaɪ.bə(ɹ)ˌspeɪs/ n
cyberprzestrzeń
science fiction: three-dimensional representation of virtual space
world of information

cyborg /ˈsaɪ.bɔː(ɹ)ɡ/ n
cyborg
person who is part machine

cyclamen n
cyklamen
A type of plant

cycle /ˈsaɪkəl/ n
cykl obrót
complete rotation
cykl
series of poems etc.
process

cyclic /ˈsaɪklɪk/ /ˈsɪklɪk/ adj
cykliczny okresowy
characterized by, or moving in cycles
pierścieniowy
of a compound having chains of atoms arranged in a ring

cycling /ˈsaɪk(ə)lɪŋ/ n
kolarstwo
The sport of riding and racing bicycles

cyclist /ˈsaɪ.klɪst/ n
rowerzysta
person who rides a cycle

cycloid /ˈsaɪklɔɪd/ n
cykloida
geometry: locus of a point on the circumference of a rolling circle

cyclopean /ˈsaɪkləʊpi.ən/ adj
olbrzymi
massive in stature

cyclopentane n
cyklopentan
alicyclic hydrocarbon, C₅H10

cyclops n
cyklop
giant of mythology

cyclotron /ˈsaɪklətɹɒn/ n
cyklotron
particle accelerator

cygnet /ˈsɪɡ.nət/ n
łabędziątko
young of a swan

cylinder /ˈsɪləndɚ/ /ˈsɪlɪndə(ɹ)/ n
cylinder walec
any cylindrical object
butla
container
walec
geometry: solid
cavity or chamber
walec cylinder
geometry: surface

cylindrical /sɪˈlɪndɹɪkəl/ adj
cylindryczny walcowaty
shaped like a cylinder

cymbal /ˈsɪmbəl/ n
talerz czynel
concave plate of brass or bronze that produces a sharp, ringing sound when struck

cynic /ˈsɪnɪk/ n
cynik cyniczka
A person who believes that all people are motivated by selfishness
A person whose outlook is scornfully negative

cynical adj
cyniczny
of or relating to the belief that human actions are motivated by base desires or selfishness

cynically /ˈsɪn.ɪk.(ə.)li/ adv
cynicznie
in a cynical manner

cynicism /ˈsɪn.ɪˌsɪzəm/ n
cynizm
skeptical, scornful or pessimistic attitude

cynocephaly n
cynocefal
dog-headedness in human

cynology n
kynologia
study of dogs

cynophobia /ˌsaɪnəˈfoʊbi.ə/ /ˌsaɪnəˈfəʊbi.ə/ n
kynofobia
an irrational fear or hatred of dogs or other canines

cypress /ˈsaɪ.pɹəs/ n
cyprys
an evergreen coniferous tree

cyst /sɪst/ n
cysta torbiel
sac which develops in the natural cavities of an organ

cysteine n
cysteina
nonessential amino acid

cysticercosis n
wągrzyca
parasitic infestation

cystine n
cystyna
a nonessential amino acid

cystoscopy n
cystoskopia
endoscopy of the urinary bladder

cytology /saɪˈtɑləd͡ʒi/ /saɪˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ n
cytologia
biology: the study of cells

cytoplasm /ˈsaɪtoʊˌplæzəm/ /ˈsaɪtəʊˌplæzəm/ n
cytoplazma
contents of a cell excluding the nucleus

cytoplasmic /saɪtə(ʊ)ˈplazmɪk/ adj
cytoplazmatyczny
of or pertaining to cytoplasm

cytosine /ˈsaɪtəsiːn/ n
cytozyna

d'oh /doʊ/ /dəʊ/ interjection
wrr
expression of frustration

d. adj
zm.
died

d10 n
k10

d12 n
k12

d6 n
k6

d8 n
k8

dace /deɪs/ n
jelec
Leuciscus leuciscus

dacha /ˈdætʃə/ n
dacza
Russian villa or summer house

dachshund /ˈdɑks.ˌhʊnt/ /ˈdɑːks.ˌhʊnd/ n
jamnik
breed of dog

dacite /ˈdeɪsaɪt/ n
dacyt
an igneous, volcanic rock with a high iron content

dactyl /ˈdæktɪɫ/ n
daktyl
poetical foot of three syllables

dactyloscopy /ˌdæktɪlˈɒskəpi/ n
daktyloskopia
forensic analysis of fingerprints

dad /dæd/ n
tatuś tata tato
familiar address of one's own father
tata tatuś tato
informal: a father

dad joke n
beton suchar
unfunny joke

dadaism /ˈdɑːdɑːɪzəm/ n
dadaizm
cultural movement

daddy /ˈdædi/ n
tatuś
father

daddy longlegs /ˈdædɪ ˈlɒŋ(ɡ)leɡz/ n
kosarz
harvestman

daffodil /ˈdæfəˌdɪl/ n
żonkil
flower

daft /dæft/ /dɑːft/ adj
zwariowany
crazy, insane

dagesh n
dagesz
the Hebrew symbol

dagger /ˈdæɡə(ɹ)/ n
sztylet kindżał
a stabbing weapon

dahlia /ˈdɑːlɪə/ n
dalia georginia
any plant of the genus Dahlia

daikon /ˈdaɪkɒn/ n
daikon rzodkiew japońska
large white radish

daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj
dzienny
diurnal
codzienny
that occurs every day

daily /ˈdeɪli/ adv
codziennie dziennie co dnia co dzień
every day

daily /ˈdeɪli/ n
dziennik
newspaper

dairy /ˈdɛəɹi/ n
mleczarnia
place, where milk is processed
nabiał
products produced from milk

dais /ˈdeɪ.ɪs/ n
podest podium podwyższenie
raised platform

daisy /ˈdeɪ.zi/ n
stokrotka
Bellis perennis

dale /deɪl/ n
dolina
valley

dam /dæm/ n
zapora tama
structure placed across a flowing body of water

damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ n
szkoda uszkodzenie
abstract measure of something not being intact; harm

damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ v
psuć uszkadzać
to make something less intact or even destroy it; to harm or cause destruction

damages /ˈdæmɪdʒɪz/ n
odszkodowanie
money awarded to a claimant

damask /ˈdæm.əsk/ n
adamaszek
fabric

dammit /ˈdæmɪt/ interjection
cholera kurde kuźwa w mordę jeża
expression of anger or disappointment

damn /dæm/ adj
cholerny przeklęty
generic intensifier

damn /dæm/ adv
cholernie
awfully, extremely

damn /dæm/ interjection
cholera do diabła do licha do pioruna holender kurde
non-vulgar expression of contempt etc.

damn /dæm/ v
przeklinać przekląć
theology: to condemn to hell

damnation /dæmˈneɪʃən/ n
potępienie
The state of being damned; condemnation; openly expressed disapprobation

damned /dæmd/ adj
przeklęty
god-forsaken

damp /dæmp/ adj
wilgotny
Being in a state between dry and wet

damp squib n
niewypał
anything that doesn’t work properly

damsel /ˈdæmzəl/ n
dziewica
girl, maiden (without sexual experience)

damson /ˈdæmzən/ n
lubaszka
fruit
tree

dance /dæns/ /dɑːns/ [däːns] [dæns~dans] [dæːns] [dɑːns] [dɛəns~deəns] n
taniec pląs
movements to music

dance /dæns/ /dɑːns/ [däːns] [dæns~dans] [dæːns] [dɑːns] [dɛəns~deəns] v
tańczyć pląsać tańcować
move rhythmically to music

dance floor n
parkiet parkiet taneczny
an area for dancing

danceable adj
taneczny
suitable for dancing

dancer /ˈdɑːns.ə(ɹ)/ n
tancerka
a female person who dances
tancerz tancerka
person who dances

dandelion /ˈdæn.dɪ.laɪ.ən/ /ˈdæn.dʌː.laɪ.ən/ adj
żółty
of a yellow colour

dandelion /ˈdæn.dɪ.laɪ.ən/ /ˈdæn.dʌː.laɪ.ən/ n
dmuchawiec mlecz podbiał
plant, wild flower of the genus Taraxacum

dandle /ˈdændəl/ v
niańczyć
to treat with fondness, as if a child

dandruff /ˈdændɹʌf/ n
łupież
skin flakes

dandy /ˈdændi/ adj
dandysowaty
like a dandy

dandy /ˈdændi/ n
dandys
man very concerned about his clothes and his appearance

danewort n
bez hebd
Sambucus ebulus

danger /ˈdeɪn.dʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈdeɪndʒɚ/ n
niebezpieczeństwo
exposure to likely harm
zagrożenie niebezpieczeństwo
instance or cause of liable harm

dangerless adj
bezpieczny

dangerous /ˈdeɪnd͡ʒəɹəs/ /ˈdeɪnʒ(ə)ɹəs/ adj
groźny
causing danger, ready to do harm or injury
niebezpieczny groźny
full of danger

dank /deəŋk/ /dæŋk/ adj
wilgotny zawilgocony
dark, damp and humid
mocny
highly potent

danse macabre /dɑns məˈkɑb(ɹə)/ n
taniec śmierci
a conventional subject of artistic painting or drawing

daphne n
wawrzynek
shrub in the genus Daphne

dapper /ˈdæpə(ɹ)/ adj
elegancki szykowny
stylishly or neatly dressed

dappled [ˈdæpəɫd] adj
cętkowany nakrapiany
having a mottled or spotted skin or coat

dare /dɛə(ɹ)/ /dɛɚ/ v
ośmielać się ośmielić się
to brave or face up to
wyzwać wyzywać
to defy or challenge
odważyć się śmieć
to have courage

daredevil /ˈdɛədɛvəl/ n
szaleniec
person who engages in risky behavior

daring /ˈdɛəɹɪŋ/ adj
śmiały
willing to take on risks

dark /dɑɹk/ /dɑːk/ adj
ciemny
having an absolute or relative lack of light
not bright or light, deeper in hue
mroczny ciemny
hidden, secret

dark /dɑɹk/ /dɑːk/ n
ciemność
a complete or partial absence of light
mroki
ignorance
zmrok
nightfall

dark horse n
cicha woda
possessor of unexpected talents or favorable characteristics
czarny koń
unexpectedly nominated candidate

dark matter n
ciemna materia
particles of matter that cannot be detected by their radiation

dark red adj
ciemnoczerwony
dark red - translation entry

darken /ˈdɑɹkən/ /ˈdɑːkən/ v
zaciemniać
to make dark by reducing light

darkly /ˈdɑɹkli/ /ˈdɑːkli/ adv
ciemno mrocznie
with a dark appearance

darkness /ˈdɑɹknɪs/ /ˈdɑːknəs/ n
ciemność mrok
state of being dark

darkroom n
ciemnia
dark room where photographs are developed
darkroom
darkened room for sexual activities

darling /ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/ /ˈdɑːlɪŋ/ adj
czarująca czarujący
charming

darling /ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/ /ˈdɑːlɪŋ/ n
kochana kochany
person who is dear to one

darmstadtium /dɑːɹmˈʃtɑːtiəm/ n
darmsztadt darmstadt
transuranic chemical element with atomic number 110

darn /daːn/ /dɑɹn/ /dɑːn/ v
cerować
stitch with thread

dart /dɑɹt/ /dɑːt/ n
rzutki
game

dash /dæʃ/ n
kreska
Morse code symbol
sprint
short run
kapka kropla
small quantity of liquid etc.
myślnik pauza półpauza
typographic symbol

dash /dæʃ/ v
lecieć spadać
informal: to leave
ciepnąć cisnąć śmignąć
to throw violently

dashboard /ˈdæʃˌboəɹd/ /ˈdæʃˌbɔː(ɹ)d/ n
deska rozdzielcza
panel under the windscreen of a motor car or aircraft

dashcam /ˈdæʃˌkæm/ n
kamera samochodowa
digital video recorder mounted on the dashboard of a vehicle or elsewhere inside the vehicle

dassie n
góralek przylądkowy
rock hyrax

data /ˈdeɪtə/ /ˈdætə/ /ˈdɑːtə/ n
dane
information

data centre n
serwerownia

database /ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/ /ˈdætəˌbeɪs/ /ˈdɑːtəˌbeɪs/ n
baza danych
collection of information
software program

database administrator n
administrator bazy danych
person

database management system n
system zarządzania bazą danych
suite of interrelated computer programs

date /deɪt/ n
daktyl
fruit of the date palm
osoba towarzysząca towarzysz towarzyszka
companion when one is partaking in a social occasion
randka
meeting with a lover or potential lover; a person so met
data
point of time at which a transaction or event takes place
that which specifies the time of writing, inscription etc.
point in time
randka spotkanie
pre-arranged social meeting

date /deɪt/ v
starzeć się
to become old
datować
to determine the age of something
chodzić spotykać się
to take (someone) on a series of dates

date of birth n
data urodzenia
date and year when something was born

date palm n
palma daktylowa
Phoenix dactylifera

date rape drug n
pigułka gwałtu tabletka gwałtu
drug to assist rape

dative /ˈdeɪtɪv/ adj
celownikowy celownik
grammar: noting the case of noun which expresses indirect object

dative case n
celownik
case used to express direction towards an indirect object

datum /ˈdeɪtəm/ n
dana
single piece of information

daub /dɔb/ /dɔːb/ n
bohomaz
crude or amateurish painting

daub /dɔb/ /dɔːb/ v
pomazać
to apply something in hasty or crude strokes

dauber n
pacykarz
unskillful painter

daughter /ˈdɑ.tɚ/ /ˈdɔ.tɚ/ /ˈdɔːtə(ɹ)/ n
córka
female offspring

daughter-in-law n
synowa snecha
wife of one's child

dauntless adj
nieustraszony
invulnerable to fear or intimidation

dauphin /doʊˈfæ̃/ /ˈdəʊ.fæ̃/ n
delfin
eldest son of king of France

dawn /doːn/ /dɑn/ /dɔn/ /dɔːn/ n
zaranie świt
beginning
świt brzask
morning twilight period

dawn /doːn/ /dɑn/ /dɔn/ /dɔːn/ v
świtać
to begin to brighten with daylight

day /deɪ/ n
dzień doba
period between sunrise and sunset
period from midnight to the following midnight
period of 24 hours
part of a day period which one spends at one’s job, school, etc.
rotational period of a planet

day after tomorrow adv
pojutrze
on the day after tomorrow; in two days - translation entry

day after tomorrow n
pojutrze
day after tomorrow - translation entry

day before yesterday adv
przedwczoraj
on the day before yesterday - translation entry

day before yesterday n
przedwczoraj
day before yesterday - translation entry

day in, day out adv
dzień po dniu
day in, day out

daybreak /ˈdeɪbɹeɪk/ n
brzask świt
dawn

daydream /ˈdeɪdɹiːm/ n
mara marzenie
a spontaneous and fanciful series of thoughts

daydream /ˈdeɪdɹiːm/ v
marzyć myśleć o niebieskich migdałach śnić na jawie
to have such a series of thoughts

daylight saving time n
czas letni
an adjustment of the official time during summer

daze /deɪz/ v
oszałamiać
to stun or stupefy

de Clérambault's syndrome n
erotomania
erotomania

de jure /deɪ ˈd͡ʒʊəɹ(e)ɪ/ /deɪ ˈd͡ʒʊɹi/ adj
de iure wedle prawa
by right

deacon /ˈdiːkən/ n
diakon
a designated minister of charity in the early Church
a clergyman ranked directly below a priest
lay leader of a Protestant congregation

deactivate /ˌdiːˈæktɪveɪt/ v
dezaktywować
to make something inactive or no longer effective

dead /diːd/ /dɛd/ adj
nieruchomy zmartwiały
fully and completely motionless
martwy zmarły nieżywy
no longer alive
rozładowany
of a device: completely inactive; without power

dead /diːd/ /dɛd/ n
umarli zmarli
those who have died
zmarli
time when coldness, darkness, or stillness is most intense

dead as a doornail adj
zimny trup
unquestionably dead

dead end n
ślepa uliczka
position that offers no hope of progress
ślepa uliczka ślepy zaułek
street or path that goes nowhere

dead language n
język wymarły
language with no native speakers

dead man's switch n
czuwak
dead man's switch

deadjectival adj
odprzymiotnikowy
deriving from an adjective

deadline /ˈdɛdˌlaɪn/ n
nieprzekraczalny termin
date on or before which something must be completed

deadly nightshade n
pokrzyk wilcza jagoda pokrzyk wilcza jagoda belladonna
deadly nightshade; Atropa belladonna

deadly sin n
grzech śmiertelny
any of the seven deadly sins

deadnettle /ˈdɛdnɛtəl/ n
jasnota
plant of the genus Lamium

deaf /diːf/ /dɛf/ adj
głuchy
unable to hear

deaf /diːf/ /dɛf/ n
głusi
deaf people considered as a group

deaf-mute adj
głuchoniemy
unable to hear or speak

deaf-mute n
głuchoniema głuchoniemy
person who is unable to hear or speak

deafen /ˈdɛfən/ v
ogłuszać ogłuszyć
to make deaf

deafness /ˈdɛfnəs/ n
głuchota
condition of being deaf

deal /diːl/ n
porozumienie umowa kontrakt układ
agreement, arrangement
rozdanie
distribution of cards
interes sprzedaż transakcja
instance of buying or selling

deal with v
poradzić sobie radzić sobie
come to terms with successfully
rozpatrywać rozpatrzyć rozważać rozważyć
consider, as of an example

dealer /ˈdiːlə(ɹ)/ n
dealer
one who deals in things, e.g. automobiles
diler dilerka
one who peddles illicit drugs, especially to teenagers
rozdająca rozdający
the person who deals the cards in a card game

dean /diːn/ [dĩːn] n
dziekan
senior official in college or university

dear /diːɹ/ /dɪə/ /dɪɹ/ adj
drogi
a formal way to start (often after my) addressing somebody one likes or regards kindly
drogi szanowny
formal way of addressing
kochany
loved; lovable

dearth /dɜːθ/ /dɝθ/ n
głód niedostatek
period when food is rare
brak
scarcity

death /diːθ/ /dɛθ/ n
śmierć
Tarot
śmierć zgon
cessation of life
śmierć kostucha
personification of death

death camp n
obóz zagłady obóz śmierci
facility

death certificate n
akt zgonu
document

death erection n
erekcja pośmiertna
post-mortem priapism

death mask n
maska pośmiertna
plaster or similar cast

death penalty n
kara śmierci
state punishment of death

death rattle n
rzężenia umierającego rzężeniami przedśmiertnymi
Gurgling sound sometimes made by a dying person

death row n
cela śmierci
section of a prison which houses those inmates who are sentenced to death

death sentence n
wyrok śmierci
sentence

death warrant n
kara śmierci
warrant that authorizes capital punishment

deathbed /ˈdɛθbɛd/ n
łoże śmierci
the bed on which someone dies

deathblow /ˈdɛθbləʊ/ n
śmiertelny cios
strike or blow

deathlore n
tanatologia
study of human aspects of death

deathmatch /ˈdɛθ.mætʃ/ n
deathmatch
competitive mode

debacle /deɪˈbɑː.kəl/ /dɪˈbɑ.kəl/ n
obsuwa wtopa
event or enterprise that ends suddenly and disastrously

debate /dɪˈbeɪt/ n
debata
argument, or discussion, usually in an ordered or formal setting
discussion of opposing views
informal and spirited but generally civil discussion of opposing views

debauchery /dɪˈbɔː.t͡ʃə.ɹi/ n
rozpusta
debauchery

debit card n
karta debetowa
card taking money directly from the bank account

debris /dəˈbɹiː/ /ˈdɛbɹiː/ n
ruiny
ruins of a broken-down structure

debt /dɛt/ n
dług wdzięczność zobowiązanie
action, state of mind, or object one has an obligation to perform for another
dług
money that one person or entity owes or is required to pay to another
zadłużenie dług
state or condition of owing something to another

debt collection n
inkaso windykacja
the process of pursuing payments of debts owed by individuals or businesses

debtor /ˈdet.ə/ /ˈdɛt.ə/ /ˈdɛt.ɚ/ n
dłużnik dłużniczka
a person or firm that owes money

debug /diˈbʌɡ/ /diːˈbʌɡ/ v
odpluskwianie
to remove insects
odpluskwiać
to search for malfunctioning elements

debugger /diːˈbʌɡə(ɹ)/ n
odpluskwiacz
computer program

debugging /diːˈbʌɡɪŋ/ n
debugowanie odpluskwianie
the process of finding and resolving bugs or defects that prevent correct operation of computer software or a system

debut /deɪˈbjuː/ /dəˈbʉː/ /dɛˈbuː/ /ˈdɛbjuː/ n
debiut
a performer's first-time performance to the public

decade /ˈdɛkeɪd/ /ˈdɛkəd/ n
dekada dziesięciolecie
period of ten years
dziesiątka
series of ten things
series of ten Hail Marys in the rosary

decadent /ˈdɛkədənt/ adj
dekadencki
characterized by moral or cultural decline

decagon /ˈdɛ.kə.ɡɑn/ /ˈdɛ.kə.ɡən/ n
dziesięciokąt
polygon with ten sides

decalin n
dekalina
decahydronaphthalene

decametre /ˈdɛkəmiːtə(ɹ)/ n
dekametr
the length of 10 metres

decapitation /dɪkæpɪˈteɪʃən/ n
dekapitacja
beheading

decapod /ˈdɛkəpɒd/ n
dziesięcionóg
crustacean

decathlon /diːˈkæθlɒn/ n
dziesięciobój
athletic contest

decay /di.ˈkeɪ/ /dɪˈkeɪ/ n
rozkład
deterioration of condition
process or result of being gradually decomposed

decay /di.ˈkeɪ/ /dɪˈkeɪ/ v
gnić
to rot

deceased /di.ˈsist/ /dɪ.ˈzizd/ /dɪˈsiːst/ adj
martwy nieżywy
no longer alive

deceased /di.ˈsist/ /dɪ.ˈzizd/ /dɪˈsiːst/ n
zmarły
dead person
zmarli
plural: dead people

deceit /dɪˈsiːt/ n
oszustwo podstęp
act or behavior intended to deceive

deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ v
oszukiwać oszukać
trick or mislead

decemvirate n
decemwirat

decent /ˈdiːsənt/ adj
niezły
fair; good enough; okay
przyzwoity
showing integrity, fairness, moral uprightness
sufficiently clothed

deception /dɪˈsɛpʃən/ n
oszustwo
instance of actions fabricated to mislead

deci- prefix
decy-
one tenth (1/10)

decibel /ˈdɛsɪbɛl/ n
decybel
a common measure of sound intensity

decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ v
zdecydować
give judgement
decydować postanowić zdecydować
to resolve or settle

decidedly /dɪˈsaɪdɪdli/ adv
zdecydowanie
in a decided manner
in a manner which leaves no question

deciduous /dɪˈsɪd.ju.əs/ /dɪˈsɪdʒʊəs/ adj
liściasty
of or pertaining to trees which lose their leaves in winter or the dry season

decilitre /ˈdɛsɪliːtə(ɹ)/ n
decylitr
unit of volume

decimetre /ˈdɛsɪmiːtəɹ/ n
decymetr
one-tenth of a metre

decisecond /ˈdɛsɪˌsɛkənd/ n
decysekunda
a unit of time

decision /dɪˈsɪʒən/ n
decyzja postanowienie
choice or judgement
zdecydowanie
firmness of conviction

decisive /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/ adj
decydujący przesądzający rozsądzający
having the power or quality of deciding a question or controversy
stanowczy zdecydowany
marked by promptness and decision

deck /dɛk/ n
pokład
floorlike covering on a ship
talia
pack of playing cards

declassify /diːˈklæsɪfaɪ/ v
odtajniać odtajnić
remove the classification from; lift the restrictions on

declension /dɪˈklɛn.ʃən/ n
deklinacja odmiana przez przypadki
act
deklinacja odmiana (przez przypadki)
way of categorizing

declensional /dɪˈklɛnʃənəɫ/ adj
deklinacyjny odmienialny
pertaining to declension

declination /ˌdɛklɪˈneɪʃən/ n
odmowa

decline /dɪˈklaɪn/ v
deklinować odmieniać (przez przypadki)
inflect

decoction /dɪˈkɒkʃən/ n
odwar wywar
an extraction or essence

decommunization n
dekomunizacja
act, process, or result of decommunizing

decommunize v
dekomunizować
To divest of communism

decomposition /diːˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/ n
rozkład gnicie rozpad
biological process

decorate /ˈdɛkəɹeɪt/ v
dekorować zdobić
to furnish with decorations

decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
dekoracja ozdoba
that which adorns
act of adorning

decorative /ˈdɛkɹətɪv/ adj
dekoracyjny ozdobny upiększający
that serves to decorate

decoy /ˈdiːkɔɪ/ n
przynęta
person or object meant to lure something to danger

decrease /dɪˈkɹiːs/ /ˈdiːkɹiːs/ n
spadek ubytek
amount of decrease

decree /dɪˈkɹiː/ n
dekret
edict or law

decretal /dɪˈkɹiːtəɫ/ n
dekret
papal decree

decrypt /dɪˈkɹɪpt/ v
deszyfrować odszyfrować
to convert back to plain text

dedicate /ˈdɛdɪkeɪt/ v
dedykować zadedykować
to address or inscribe (a literary work, for example) to another as a mark of respect or affection

dedication /ˌdɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
dedykacja poświęcenie
note prefixed to a work of art

dedovshchina /dʲɪdɐfˈɕːinə/ n
diedowszczyna
bullying in the Soviet/Russian army

deductive /dɪˈdʌktɪv/ adj
dedukcyjny
of, pertaining to, or based on deduction

deed /diːd/ n
wyczyn
brave or noteworthy action, feat or exploit

deem /dim/ /diːm/ v
uznawać
to have or hold as an opinion
uznać
to hold in belief or estimation

deep /diːp/ adj
głęboki
having its bottom far down
difficult to awake
profound
of a color, dark and highly saturated
a long way inward
głęboki niski
of a sound or voice, low in pitch
pochłonięty zaabsorbowany
seriously or to a significant extent, not superficial

deep /diːp/ adv
głęboko
deeply

deep /diːp/ n
głębia
(literary) part of a lake, sea, etc
głębiny
the sea, the ocean

deep fryer n
frytkownica
vessel for deep frying

deepen /ˈdiːpən/ v
pogłębiać pogłębić
to make deep or deeper

deeply /ˈdiːpli/ adv
głęboko
at depth

deer /diːɹ/ /dɪə/ /dɪɹ/ n
jeleń
animal of the family Cervidae

defamation /ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən/ n
zniesławienie
act of injuring another's reputation by any slanderous communication

default /dɪˈfɑlt/ /dɪˈfɔːlt/ n
wartość domyślna
value used when none has been given.

defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ n
porażka
the act of being defeated, of losing

defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ v
pokonać
to overcome in battle or contest

defeatism /dɪˈfiːtɪzəm/ n
defetyzm
acceptance of defeat without struggle

defecate /ˈdɛfɪkeɪt/ /ˈdɛfɪkət/ v
defekować wypróżniać się wypróżnić się

defecation /ˌdɛfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
defekacja wypróżnienie
act or process of voiding excrement
defekacja
process of removing impurities

defect /dɪˈfɛkt/ /ˈdiːfɛkt/ n
defekt usterka wada
fault or malfunction

defective /dɪˈfɛktɪv/ adj
wadliwy felerny
having one or more defects
ułomny
having only some forms

defective verb n
czasownik ułomny
verb with an incomplete conjugation

defend /dɛˈfɛnd/ /dɪˈfɛnd/ v
bronić
ward off attacks against

defendant /dɪˈfɛnd.ənt/ n
oskarżony oskarżona
person prosecuted or sued, the accused

defender /dɪˈfɛndə(ɹ)/ n
obrońca
someone who defends
sports term

defenestrate /dəˈfɛnɪstɹeɪt/ /dɪˈfɛnɪstɹeɪt/ v
defenestrować
eject from a window

defenestration /diˌfɛnəˈstɹeɪʃən/ /dɪˌfɛnɪˈstɹeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
defenestracja
act of throwing out a window

defense /dɪˈfɛns/ /ˈdiːˌfɛns/ n
obrona
action of protecting from attack
anything employed to oppose attack
argument in support or justification of something

defenseless /dɪˈfɛnsləs/ adj
bezbronny
lacking any form of defense; vulnerable; open to attack

defensive /dɪˈfɛnsɪv/ adj
defensywny obronny
intended for defence; protective

defensive /dɪˈfɛnsɪv/ n
defensywa
means, attitude or position

defensive midfielder n
defensywny pomocnik
midfield player

defer /dɪˈfɜː(ɹ)/ v
odraczać odroczyć
(transitive) to delay

deference /ˈdɛ.fɚ.əns/ /ˈdɛfəɹəns/ n
szacunek
great respect
posłuszeństwo
the willingness to carry out the wishes of others

defiance /dɪˈfaɪ(j)əns/ n
opór
the feeling of being defiant

defibrillator /diːˈfɪbɹɪleɪtə(ɹ)/ n
defibrylator
device

defined /dɪˈfaɪnd/ /dɪˈfʌɪnd/ adj
zdefiniowany
having a definition or value

definite /ˈdɛfɪnɪt/ adj
jasny sprecyzowany
free from any doubt

definite article n
rodzajnik określony
article introducing a noun and specifying it as the particular noun considered

definite integral n
całka oznaczona
integral of a function

definitely /ˈdɛf.ɪnɪt.li/ adv
na pewno zdecydowanie
without question and beyond doubt

definition /ˌdɛfɪˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ n
definicja
statement of the meaning of a word or word group or a sign or symbol
product of defining
statement expressing the essential nature of something
act of defining

deflation /dɪˈfleɪʃən/ n
deflacja
decrease in the general price level

defloration n
defloracja
the act of deflowering

deflower /dɪˈflaʊə(ɹ)/ v
rozdziewiczać
to take the virginity of a woman or girl

defoliant /diːˈfəʊlɪənt/ n
defoliant
agent used to defoliate plants

deforest /dɪˈfɒɹɪst/ v
wylesiać wylesić
to clear an area of forest

deform /dɪˈfɔːm/ v
deformować
to spoil the looks of; to disfigure

deformed /dɪˈfɔːmd/ adj
zdeformowana zdeformowane zdeformowany
unusual of shape

defragment /diːfɹæɡˈmɛnt/ v
defragmentować
(computing) to run a process to make file fragments on a hard disk contiguous

defray /dɪˈfɹeɪ/ v
opłacać
to pay or discharge (a debt, expense etc.); to meet (the cost of something)

defrost /diːˈfɹɒst/ v
odmrozić rozmrozić
to remove frost from
to thaw

deft /dɛft/ adj
zręczny
skillful

deftly /ˈdɛftli/ adv
zręcznie
in a deft manner

defunct /dɪˈfʌŋkt/ /ˌdiˈfʌŋkt/ adj
wymarły
deceased

defuse /diːˈfjuːz/ /dɪˈfjuːz/ v
rozbrajać
to remove the fuse from a bomb

degas v
odgazować
To remove the gas from

degenerate /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹeɪt/ /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹət/ adj
degenerat
having deteriorated, degraded or fallen from normal
degenerat zwyrodnialec
having lost good or desirable qualities

degenerate /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹeɪt/ /dɪˈdʒɛnəɹət/ v
degenerować się wykolejać się zwyrodnieć
to lose good or desirable qualities

degradable [dɪˈɡɹeɪdəbəɫ] adj
na podatny rozkład
that which can be degraded

degree /dɪˈɡɹiː/ n
stopień naukowy
academic award
stopień
amount, proportion, extent
in geometry: unit of angle
unit of temperature
in graph theory: the number of edges that a vertex takes part in

degree of freedom n
stopień swobody
independent variable required to specify the thermodynamic state
mathematics: unrestricted variable
minimum number of coordinates usable to describe a mechanical system

dehiscence /dɪˈhɪsəns/ n
ewentracja
(medicine) rupture

dehumanize /diːˈhjuːmənaɪz/ v
dehumanizować odczłowieczać odczłowieczyć zdehumanizować
to take away humanity

dehydration /dihaɪˈdɹeɪʃən/ /diːhaɪˈdɹeɪʃən/ n
odwodnienie
act or process of freeing from water

dehydrogenase /diːˌhaɪdˈɹɒdʒəneɪz/ n
dehydrogenaza
enzyme

deicide /ˈdeɪ.ɪ.saɪd/ /ˈdi.ə.saɪd/ n
bogobójca bogobójczyni
killer
bogobójstwo
killing

deicing n
odladzanie

deictic /ˈdaɪktɪk/ adj
deiktyczny
pertaining to deixis

deification n
deifikacja
Act of deifying

deify /ˈdeɪ.ɪ.faɪ/ /ˈdiː.ə.faɪ/ v
ubóstwiać
to make a god of

deign /deɪn/ v
raczyć
(intransitive) to condescend

deism /ˈdiːɪz(ə)m/ n
deizm
belief

deist /deɪˈĭst/ n
deista deistka
person who believes in deism

deity /ˈdi.ə.ti/ /ˈdiː.ɪ.tɪ/ n
bóstwo

dejection /dəˈdʒɛkʃən/ /dɪˈdʒɛkʃən/ n
przygnębienie strapienie
a state of melancholy or depression

dekulakize /dɪˈkulæˌkaɪz/ /dɪˈkuːlækaɪz/ v
rozkułaczyć
to dispossess a kulak (wealthy peasant)

delay /dɪˈleɪ/ n
opóźnienie
period of time before an event occurs

delay /dɪˈleɪ/ v
opóźniać opóźnić
put off until a later time

delegate /ˈdɛlɪɡət/ /ˈdɛlɪˌɡeɪt/ n
delegat
deputy, envoy, representative

delegation /dɛlɪˈɡeɪʃən/ n
delegacja
a group of delegates

delete /dɪˈliːt/ v
usuwać
to remove

deleterious /ˌdɛləˈtɪɹi.əs/ /ˌdɛlɪˈtɪəɹi.əs/ adj
szkodliwy
harmful

deletion /dɪˈliːʃən/ n
skasowanie usunięcie
the act of deleting

deliberate /dəˈlɪbəɹeɪt/ /dəˈlɪbəɹət/ /dɪˈlɪbəɹeɪt/ /dɪˈlɪbəɹət/ adj
umyślny zamierzony
intentional

delicate /ˈdɛlɪkət/ adj
delikatny

delicatessen /ˌdɛlɪkəˈtɛsən/ n
delikatesy
shop selling prepared foods

delicious /dəˈlɪʃəs/ /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ adj
smaczny pyszny dobry wyśmienity
pleasing to taste

delight /dəˈlaɪt/ n
radość przyjemność rozkosz zachwyt
joy, pleasure

delight /dəˈlaɪt/ v
cieszyć radować zachwycać
to give pleasure to

delinquency /dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi/ n
przestępstwo
a criminal offense
występek
misconduct

delirium /dɪˈlɪɹɪəm/ n
delirium delirka majaczenie
mental state of confusion

delirium tremens n
delirium tremens delirka
psychosis of alcoholism

deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈlɪvɚ/ v
dostarczać dostarczyć
to bring or transport something to its destination

delivery /dɪˈlɪv(ə)ɹi/ n
dostawa
act of conveying something
poród
act of giving birth

deliveryman n
dostawca
someone employed to make deliveries

delta /ˈdɛltə/ n
trójkąt
electric connection
delta
fourth letter of modern Greek alphabet
landform at the mouth of a river
mathematical symbol Δ

deluge /ˈdɛl.ju(d)ʒ/ /ˈdɛl.juːdʒ/ n
potop
a great flood
potop zalew
an overwhelming amount of something

delusion /dɪˈl(j)uːʒ(ə)n/ n
omam przywidzenie ułuda złuda złudzenie
act of deluding; deception; a misleading of the mind
omamienie
state of being deluded or misled

delusion of grandeur n
kompleks wyższości megalomania
False belief that one is important or powerful

demagnetization n
odmagnesowanie rozmagnesowanie
process of removing the magnetic field from an object

demagogue /ˈdɛməɡɑɡ/ /ˈdɛməɡɒɡ/ n
demagog
(pejorative) a political orator or leader who gains favor by pandering to or exciting the passions and prejudices of the audience rather than by using rational argument

demand /dɪˈmænd/ /dɪˈmɑːnd/ v
wymagać żądać
to request forcefully

dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/ n
demencja
progressive decline in cognitive function

demesne /dɪˈmeɪn/ n
domena
a lord's chief manor place

demigod /ˈdɛmɪɡɑd/ /ˈdɛmɪɡɒd/ n
półbóg
a half-god or hero
bóstwo
a lesser deity

demilitarized zone n
strefa zdemilitaryzowana
area

demine v
rozminować rozminowywać
remove explosive mines from

demise /dɪˈmaɪz/ n
śmierć zgon
death

demisemiquaver /dɛmɪˈsɛmɪkweɪvə(ɹ)/ n
trzydziestodwójka
music

demobilization /diːˌməʊbɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
demobilizacja
disorganization or disarming of troops

democracy /dɪˈmɑkɹəsi/ /dɪˈmɒkɹəsi/ n
demokracja
government under the rule of its people
demokracja ludowładztwo
rule by the people

democrat /ˈdɛməkɹæt/ n
demokrata
supporter of democracy

democratic /dɛməˈkɹætɪk/ adj
demokratyczny
pertaining to democracy

democratic socialism n
socjalizm demokratyczny
socialism based on democratic principles

democratically /dɛməˈkɹætɪkəli/ adv
demokratycznie
in a democratic way

democratization n
demokratyzacja
the introduction of democracy

demographic /dɛməˈɡɹæfɪk/ adj
demograficzny
of or pertaining to demography

demography /dɪˈmɒɡɹəfi/ n
demografia
study of human populations

demolish /dəˈmɒl.ɪʃ/ v
burzyć niszczyć zburzyć
to destroy

demon /ˈdiː.mən/ n
demon czort
evil spirit

demonic /dɪˈmɒnɪk/ adj
demoniczny
Pertaining to evil spirits

demonization n
demonizacja
the act of demonizing or something demonized

demonize /ˈdiːmənaɪz/ v
demonizować
turn into a demon

demonology /ˌdiːməˈnɑːlədʒi/ /ˌdiːməˈnɒlədʒi/ n
demonologia
study of demons

demonstrate /ˈdɛmənstɹeɪt/ v
demonstrować zademonstrować
to participate in a demonstration
to show how to use something
to show the steps taken to create a logical argument or equation

demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/ n
demonstracja
public display of opinion
act
event

demonstrator /ˈdɛmənstɹeɪtə(ɹ)/ n
demonstrant demonstrantka
a person involved in a demonstration

demotivator n
demotywator
one who, or that which, demotivates

den /dɛn/ /dɪn/ n
pieczara barłóg jama legowisko nora
home of certain animals
melina speluna
squalid or wretched place

denar n
denar
currency of the Republic of Macedonia

denarius /dɪˈnɑːɹɪəs/ n
denar
silver coin

denatured alcohol n
denaturat
ethyl alcohol unfit for consumption

dendrochronology n
dendrochronologia
science of counting tree rings

dendrologist /dɛndˈɹɒlədʒɪst/ n
dendrolog dendrolożka

dendrology /dɛndˈɹɒlədʒi/ n
dendrologia
the study of trees

dengue /ˈdɛŋɡi/ n
denga
disease

dengue fever /ˈdɛŋɡeɪ ˈfiːvə/ /ˈdɛŋɡiː ˈfiːvɚ/ n
denga
disease

denigrate /ˈdɛn.ɪ.ɡɹeɪt/ v
oczerniać uwłaczać
to criticise so as to besmirch
pomniejszyć umniejszać
to treat as worthless

denim /ˈdɛnɪm/ n
denim dżins teksas jeans
textile with diagonal pattern

denizen /ˈdɛn.ɪ.zən/ n
mieszkaniec mieszkanka
an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in
bywalczyni bywalec
one who frequents a place

denominator /dɪˈnɒmɪneɪtə(ɹ)/ n
mianownik
The number or expression written below the line in a fraction

denounce /diˈnaʊns/ v
wypowiedzieć
to announce the termination of; especially a treaty
potępić
to criticize or speak out against
zadenuncjować
to make known in a formal manner

dense /dɛns/ adj
zbity zwarty
compact; crowded together
gęsty szczelny
having relatively high density
gęsty
math: being a well-approximating subset
tępy
slow to comprehend; of low intelligence

density /ˈdɛn.sə.ti/ /ˈdɛn.sɪ.ti/ n
gęstość
physics: amount of matter contained by a given volume
number of particles or other quantity contained by a given volume

dental /ˈdɛntl̩/ /ˈdɛntəl/ adj
dentystyczny
of or concerning dentistry
zębowy
of or concerning the teeth
phonetics

dental floss n
nić dentystyczna
cord of thin filaments used to clean the areas between the teeth

dentialveolar adj
denti-alweolarny dziąsłowo-zębowy zębowo-dziąsłowy

dentin n
zębina
material of a tooth

dentist /ˈdɛntɪst/ n
dentysta dentystka stomatolog
specialized tooth doctor

dentistry /ˈdɛntɪstɹi/ n
stomatologia dentystyka
the field of medicine which studies and treats conditions of the teeth

denuclearization n
denuklearyzacja
act or process of denuclearizing

deny /dɪˈnaɪ/ v
zaprzeczać negować kwestionować przeczyć
to assert that something is not true

deodorant /diˈoʊdəɹənt/ /diˈəʊdəɹənt/ n
dezodorant
odor-controlling cosmetic for the underarm

deoxyribonucleic /diɒksɪˌɹaɪbəʊnjuːˈkleɪjɪk/ adj
deoksyrybonukleinowy dezoksyrybonukleinowy
Of or pertaining to deoxyribonucleic acid

deoxyribonucleic acid n
kwas deoksyrybonukleinowy kwas dezoksyrybonukleinowy
deoxyribonucleic acid

department store n
dom towarowy
store containing many departments

departure lounge n
hala odlotów
waiting room at an airport

depend /dɪˈpɛnd/ v
zależeć
be contingent or conditioned
polegać
trust

dependent /dɪˈpɛndənt/ adj
zależny uzależniony
relying upon; depending upon

depiction n
przedstawienie
lifelike image

depilate /ˈdɛpɪleɪt/ v
depilować
to remove hair from the body

depopulate /diːˈpɒpjəleɪt/ v
wyludniać wyludnić
to reduce the population of a region by disease, war, forced relocation etc.

depopulation /diːˌpɒpjəˈleɪʃən/ n
depopulacja wyludnienie
act or condition of depopulating

deportation /diːˌpɔːˈteɪʃən/ n
deportacja
act of deporting or exiling

deposit /dɨˈpɑzɪt/ /dɪˈpɒzɪt/ n
osad ślad
anything left behind on a surface
zaliczka
money given as an initial payment
depozyt wpłata
money placed in an account
kaucja
security for a borrowed item
osad złoże
sediment or rock different from the surrounding material

deposit /dɨˈpɑzɪt/ /dɪˈpɒzɪt/ v
deponować powierzać powierzyć zdeponować
to entrust one's assets to the care of another
osadzać osadzić składać złożyć
to lay down
wpłacać wpłacić
to put money or funds into an account

deposition /dɛpəˈzɪʃən/ n
resublimacja
transformation of gas into solid

depository /dɪˈpɑzɪtɔɹi/ /dɪˈpɒzɪtɹi/ n
depozytariusz
a place where something is deposited

depot /ˈdepɐʉ/ /ˈdiːpoʊ/ /ˈdɛpoʊ/ /ˈdɛpəʊ/ n
stacja
bus or railway station
hurtownia magazyn skład
warehouse or similar storage facility

depravity /dəˈpɹævɪti/ n
gwałt niegodziwość nierząd zbrodnia
A particular depraved act or trait
zepsucie
Inborn corruption
deprawacja zdeprawowanie zepsucie
The state or condition of being depraved

depressed /dɪˈpɹɛst/ adj
nieszczęśliwy
severely despondent and unhappy

depression /dəˈpɹɛʃ(ə)n/ /dɪˈpɹɛʃən/ n
depresja
psychology: state of mind
economics: period of major economic contraction
geography: low area

deprivation /dɛp.ɹɪ.veɪʃən/ n
pozbawienie
act of depriving

deprive /dɪˈpɹaɪv/ v
pozbawiać pozbawić
take something away; deny someone of something

depth /dɛpθ/ n
głębokość
vertical distance below a surface

depth-first search n
przeszukiwanie wgłąb
algorithm where one starts at the root and explores as far as possible down before going up

deputy /ˈdɛpjəti/ n
zastępca
representative

derail /dəˈɹeɪl/ v
wykoleić wykolejać
to come off the tracks

deranged /dɪˈɹeɪndʒd/ adj
obłąkany
insane

deratization n
deratyzacja odszczurzenie
deratization

derelict /ˈdɛɹəlɪkt/ adj
porzucony
abandoned

deride /dɪˈɹaɪd/ v
wyśmiewać
to harshly mock; ridicule

derision /dɪˈɹɪʒən/ n
szyderstwo wyszydzenie
act of treating with contempt

derisive /dɪˈɹaɪ.sɪv/ adj
drwiący szyderczy
expressing or characterized by derision; mocking

derivative /dɪˈɹɪvətɪv/ n
pochodna
chemical derived from another
in analysis: value
derywat instrument pochodny
financial instrument whose value depends on the valuation of an underlying instrument
pochodny wtórny
something derived
derywat
word that derives from another

derived /dɪˈɹaɪvd/ adj
pochodna
product of deriving

derived function n
funkcja pochodna pochodna
calculus: a function

dermal [ˈdɜːməɫ] adj
skórny
of or pertaining to skin or integument

dermatological [ˌdɜːmətəˈlɒdʒɪkəɫ] adj
dermatologiczny
of or pertaining to dermatology

dermatologist /ˌdɜːməˈtɒlədʒɪst/ /ˌdɝ.mə.ˈtɑ.lə.dʒɪst/ n
dermatolog
one who is skilled, professes or practices dermatology

derogatory /dɪˈɹɑɡətɔɹi/ /dɪˈɹɒɡətɹi/ adj
pejoratywny pogardliwy
tending to lessen in value

derring-do /ˌdɛɹɪŋˈduː/ n
brawura
brave and adventurous actions
bohaterstwo
valiant deeds in desperate times

derussianization n
derusyfikacja

dervish /ˈdɜːvɪʃ/ n
derwisz
a member of Dervish fraternity of Sufism

desalination /diːˌsælɪˈneɪʃən/ n
odsalanie
process of removing salt from sea water in order to make drinking water

desalt v
odsalać
to remove salt from

descendant /dɪˈsɛndənt/ n
potomek potomkini
one who is the progeny of someone

descendantless adj
bezpotomny
not having any descendants

descent /dɪˈsɛnt/ n
zejście
instance of descending
pochodzenie
lineage or hereditary derivation
droga w dół zejście
sloping passage or incline
way down

describe /dəˈskɹaɪb/ v
opisać opisywać
to represent in words

description /dɪˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
opis
account in words

descriptivism n
deskryptywizm
describing realistic language forms

descry /dɪˈskɹaɪ/ v
zauważyć, wywnioskować
to discover; to detect

desecrate /ˈdɛs.ɪ.kɹeɪ̯t/ v
zeszpecić
to inappropriately change
bezcześcić profanować sprofanować zbezcześcić
to profane or violate sacredness
zeświecczyć
to remove the consecration

desecration /dɛsɨˈkɹejʃn̩/ n
profanacja zbeszczeszczenie
act of disrespect towards sacred

desert /dɪˈzəɹt/ /dɪˈzɜː(ɹ)t/ n
pustynia
barren area

desert /dɪˈzəɹt/ /dɪˈzɜː(ɹ)t/ v
opuszczać
to abandon
dezerterować
to leave military service

desertification n
pustynnienie
process by which a region becomes a desert

deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/ /dɪˈzɝv/ v
zasługiwać zasłużyć
to merit

desideratum /dəˌsɪdəˈɹɑtəm/ /dɪˌsɪdəˈɹɑːtəm/ n
dezyderat
something wished for, or considered desirable

design /dɪˈzaɪn/ n
design dizajn krój wzór
appearance
design wzornictwo
art of designing
kompozycja
composition
zamiar zamysł
intention
wzór motyw
pattern
projekt plan
plan

design /dɪˈzaɪn/ v
projektować
to plan an artwork etc.

design pattern n
wzorzec projektowy
general solution to a variety of similar problems

designation /dɛzɪɡˈneɪʃən/ n
oznaczenie
distinguishing mark or name

designer n
projektant
person who designs

designer drug n
dopalacz
modified drug

desirable /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/ adj
pożądany
suitable to be desired

desire /dɪˈzaɪə/ /dɪˈzaɪɹ/ n
pragnienie pożądanie
something wished for
pożądanie
strong attraction

desire /dɪˈzaɪə/ /dɪˈzaɪɹ/ v
pożądać
want emotionally or sexually
pożądać pragnąć
wish for earnestly

desist /dɪˈsɪst/ v
zaprzestać
to cease to proceed or act

desk /dɛsk/ n
biurko
table for writing and reading

desktop /ˈdɛsktɒp/ [ˈdɛsk.ˌtɑp] [ˈdɛsk.ˌtɒp] [ˈdɛsk.ˌtɔp] n
biurko pulpit
on-screen background

desman /ˈdɛsmən/ n
chochoł desman wychuchol
insectivore of the mole family

despair /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈspɛəɹ/ n
rozpacz beznadzieja
loss of hope

despair /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈspɛəɹ/ v
rozpaczać
to be hopeless
to despair of

desperate /ˈdɛsp(ə)ɹət/ n
zdesperowany
filled with despair

desperate times call for desperate measures proverb
tonący brzytwy się chwyta
in adverse circumstances, actions that might have been rejected may become the best choice

despicable /dɪˈspɪkəbəl/ adj
nikczemny
deserving to be despised

despise /dɪˈspaɪz/ v
pogardzać gardzić
to regard with contempt or scorn

despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ n
pomimo mimo wbrew naprzekór
in spite of

despot /ˈdɛs.pɒt/ /ˈdɛs.pət/ n
despota
ruler with absolute power; tyrant

despotism n
despotyzm
government by a singular authority

dessert /dɪˈzɜːt/ /dɪˈzɝt/ n
deser
sweet confection served as the last course of a meal

dessertspoon n
łyżeczka
spoon
unit of measure
volume

destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/ n
cel
the place set for the end of a journey, or to which something is sent

destroy /dɪˈstɹɔɪ/ v
miażdżyć zmiażdżyć
(colloquial) to defeat soundly
niszczyć
to damage beyond use or repair

destroyer n
niszczyciel
type of warship
that who/which destroys

destruction /ˌdɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/ n
niszczenie
act of destroying
zniszczenie
results of a destructive event

destructive /dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/ adj
destrukcyjny
causing destruction; damaging

destructor n
destruktor
cleaning-up commands in object oriented programming

desultory /ˈdɛs.əl.t(ə).ɹi/ /ˈdɛs.əlˌtɔɹ.i/ adj
bezładny chaotyczny nieporządny
jumping, or passing, from one thing or subject to another, without order or rational connection

detail /ˈdiˌteɪl/ /ˈdiːˌteɪl/ n
szczegół detal drobnostka
something small enough to escape casual notice

detain /dɪˈteɪn/ v
zatrzymać
put under custody

detect /dɪˈtɛkt/ v
wykrywać wykryć
to discover or find by careful search, examination, or probing

detection /dəˈtɛkʃən/ n
detekcja wykrycie wykrywanie
act of detecting or sensing something

detective /dɪˈtɛktɪv/ n
detektyw
person employed to find information
detektyw oficer śledczy śledczy
police officer who looks for evidence

detector /dɪˈtɛktə(ɹ)/ n
detektor wykrywacz
device capable of registering a specific substance or physical phenomenon

deteriorate /dɪˈtɪəɹɪəɹeɪt/ v
pogorszyć się pogarszać się
grow worse
pogarszać pogorszyć
make worse

deterioration /dɪˌtiː.ɹi.ɔˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /dɪˌtɪəɹɪəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
pogorszenie
process of making or growing worse

determinant /dɪˈtɜːmɪnənt/ /dɪˈtʌɹmɪnənt/ n
wyznacznik
scalar that encodes certain characteristics of a square matrix
determining factor

determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ /dɪˈtɝmɪnd/ adj
zdecydowany zdeterminowany
decided or resolute

determiner n
określnik
class of words

determinism /dɪˈtɜːmɪnɪzəm/ n
determinizm
notion in ethics

deterministic /dɪˈtɜːmɪnɪstɪk/ adj
deterministyczny
computing, having each stage depend only on the immediately previous state
having exactly predictable time evolution
of a Turing machine
of or relating to determinism

detest /dɪˈtɛst/ v
nienawidzić nie cierpieć
to dislike intensely

detrain /ˈdi.tɹeɪn/ v
wysiadać wysiąść
(intransitive) to exit from a train; to disembark

detritivore /dəˈtɹaɪtəvɔɹ/ /dɛˈtɹaɪtɪvɔː/ n
detritofag detrytofag detrytusofag detrytusożerca
organism that feeds on detritus

deuce /djuːs/ /duːs/ n
dwójka
cast of dice totalling two
playing card
side of a dice with two spots
równowaga
tennis: tie, both players able to win by scoring two additional points
diabeł licho
Devil, used in exclamations of confusion or anger

deus ex machina /ˈdeɪ.əs ɛks ˈmɑːkiːnə/ n
deus ex machina
contrived plot resolution

deuteragonist n
deuteragonista
second most important character

deuterium /djuːˈtɪəɹɪəm/ /djuːˈtɪɹi.əm/ n
deuter
isotope of hydrogen

deuteron n
deuteron
deuterium nucleus

devastated adj
zdemolowany zniszczony zruinowany
ruined, ravaged

develop /dɪˈvɛ.ləp/ /ˈdɛv.ləp/ v
wywołać
to bring out photographic images
wypracować rozwijać
to create
rozwinąć się rozwijać się
to progress

developer /dɪˈvɛləpə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/ n
wywoływacz
liquid used in chemical film processing
deweloper
real estate developer
programista
software programmer

development /dɪˈvɛləpmənt/ n
rozwój
process of developing
something which has developed

deverbal adj
odczasownikowy
related to something that is derived from a verb

deviationist n
dysydent
One who deviates from accepted beliefs or policies

device /dəˈvaɪs/ n
urządzenie przyrząd
piece of equipment

device driver n
sterownik urządzenia
software that communicates between operating system and hardware

devil /ˈdɛvəl/ /ˈdɛvɪl/ n
diabeł czart bies czort
a creature of hell
diabeł
euphemistically, with an article: Hell (as an intensifier)
wicked or naughty person
bad part of the conscience
in Christian Science, an evil or erring entity
person, especially a man; used to express a particular opinion of him
diabeł szatan
the devil: the chief devil

devil is in the details proverb
diabeł tkwi w szczegółach
specific provisions of something may be complicated

devil's advocate n
adwokat diabła
canon lawyer
debater

devilish /ˈdɛvəlɪʃ/ adj
diabelski diaboliczny
resembling or characteristic of a devil

devious /ˈdiːvi.əs/ adj
podstępny przebiegły

devote /dɪˈvoʊt/ /dɪˈvəʊt/ v
poświęcenie
to commit oneself for a certain matter

devotee /ˌdɛvəˈtiː/ n
entuzjasta entuzjastka wielbiciel wielbicielka
admirer

devotion /dɪˈvoʊʃən/ /dɪˈvəʊʃən/ n
modlitwa
ecclesiastical: a prayer
oddanie przywiązanie
feelings of strong or fervent affection; dedication
pobożność
religious veneration, zeal, or piety
poświęcenie
the act or state of devoting or being devoted

devour /dɪˈvaʊ(w)ə(ɹ)/ v
pożerać pożreć
to eat greedily

dew /djuː/ /du/ /dʒuː/ n
rosa
moisture in the air that settles on plants, etc

dewy /ˈdjuː.i/ adj
mokry
bearing droplets of water
pokryty rosą zroszony
covered by dew

dexterity /dɛksˈtɛɹɪti/ n
zręczność zwinność
skill in performing tasks, especially with the hands

dexterous /ˈdɛkstɹəs/ adj
gibki zręczny
agile; flexible
wprawny zręczny
skillful in some specific thing
umiejętny zręczny
skillful with one's hands

dexterously adv
zręcznie
in a dexterious manner

dharma /ˈdɑɹ.mə/ /ˈdɑːmə/ /ˈd̪ʱəɾ.mə/ n
dharma
principle that orders the universe
teachings of the Buddha

dhole /doʊl/ /dəʊl/ n
cyjon
Asian wild dog

diabase n
diabaz doleryt
a fine-grained igneous rock

diabetes /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/ n
cukrzyca
A group of metabolic diseases

diabetology n
diabetologia
the study of the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes

diacritical mark n
znak diakrytyczny
symbol

diadem /ˈdaɪ.ə.dɛm/ n
diadem
ornamental headband

diaeresis /daɪˈɛɹəsɪs/ /daɪˈɛɹɪsɪs/ n
diereza dwie kropki umlaut
diacritic placed over a vowel letter

diagnosis /daɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/ n
diagnoza rozpoznanie
identification of the nature and cause of an illness

diagnostic /daɪəˈɡnɒstɪk/ adj
diagnostyczny
of, or relating to diagnosis

diagonal /daɪˈæɡənəl/ adj
przekątny skośny
geometry: joining two nonadjacent vertices

diagram /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/ n
diagram
graph or chart
plan, drawing, sketch or outline to show workings or parts relationships

dial /ˈdaɪəɫ/ n
tarcza
disk with finger holes on a telephone
graduated, circular scale over which a needle moves

dial /ˈdaɪəɫ/ v
wybrać wykręcić
To select a number, or to call someone, on a telephone

dialect /ˈdaɪ.ə.ˌlɛkt/ n
dialekt narzecze gwara
particular variety of a language

dialectal /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktəl/ adj
dialektalny gwarowy
peculiar to a nonstandard dialect

dialectological adj
dialektologiczny gwaroznawczy

dialectology n
dialektologia
the study of dialects

dialog /ˈdaɪəlɑɡ/ /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ n
dialog
conversation or other discourse between individuals

dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɑɡ/ /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ /ˈdaɪəlɔɡ/ n
dialog konwersacja rozmowa
conversation or other discourse between individuals

diamagnetic /daɪəmæɡˈnɛtɪk/ adj
diamagnetyczny
exhibiting diamagentism

diamagnetism n
diamagnetyzm
weak form of magnetism

diameter /daɪˈæmɪtə(ɹ)/ /daɪˈæmɪtɚ/ n
średnica
line
length of this line

diametrically /ˌdaɪ.ə.ˈmɛt.ɹɪk.li/ adv
diametralnie
on exactly the opposite side

diamond /ˈdaɪ(ə)mənd/ adj
diamentowy
made of, or containing diamond
brylantowa
of, relating to, or being a seventy-fifth anniversary
diamentowa
of, relating to, or being a sixtieth anniversary

diamond /ˈdaɪ(ə)mənd/ n
karo
card games: card of the diamonds suit
brylant diament
gemstone
diament
uncountable: mineral
something that resembles a diamond

diamonds /ˈdaɪ(ə)məndz/ n
karo
one of the four suits of playing cards, marked with the symbol ♦

diaper /ˈdaɪ(ə)pɚ/ /ˈdaɪəpə/ n
pielucha pieluszka pampers
absorbent garment worn by a baby, or by someone who is incontinent

diaphragm /ˈdaɪəˌfɹæm/ n
przepona
anatomy: sheet of muscle separating thorax from abdomen

diarchy n
diarchia
form of government

diarrhea /ˌdaɪ.əˈɹiː.ə/ n
biegunka sraczka
medical condition

diary /ˈdaɪəɹi/ n
dziennik pamiętnik
daily log of experiences

diathermy n
diatermia
generation of heat using high-frequency electromagnetic currents

diatom /ˈdaɪətəm/ /ˈdaɪəˌtɑm/ n
okrzemka
grouping of minute algae

diatonic adj
diatoniczny
diatonic

dice /daɪs/ v
kroić w kostkę
to cut into small cubes

dichotomous /daɪˈkɑːt.ə.məs/ /daɪˈkɒt.ə.məs/ adj
dwudzielny dychotomiczny
dividing or branching into two pieces

dichotomy /daɪˈkɒt.ə.mi/ n
dychotomia
separation or division into two

dick /dɪk/ n
dupek
highly contemptible person
fiut kutas chuj pała pyta wał
slang: penis

dickhead /ˈdɪkhɛd/ n
chujogłowy chujoza
(slang) stupid person

dickwad n
pojeb popierdoleniec szajbus zjeb
(vulgar, slang) A contemptible person; a fool

dicotyledon n
dwuliścienne
in botany

dictate /ˈdɪkˌteɪt/ /ˌdɪkˈteɪt/ v
dyktować
to order, command, control
dyktować podyktować
to speak in order for someone to write down the words

dictation /dɪkˈteɪʃən/ n
dyktando
an activity in school where the teacher reads a passage aloud and the students write it down

dictation machine n
dyktafon
sound recording device

dictator /dɪkˈteɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɪkteɪtəɹ/ n
dyktator
totalitarian leader of a dictatorship
tyrannical boss, or authority figure

dictatorship /dɪkˈteɪtə(ɹ)ʃɪp/ /ˈdɪkteɪtəɹʃɪp/ n
dyktatura
a government led by a dictator

diction /ˈdɪkʃən/ n
dykcja
clarity of word choice

dictionaric /ˈdɪkʃənˌɛɹɪk/ adj
słownikowy
Of or pertaining to a dictionary

dictionary /ˈdɪkʃ(ə)n(ə)ɹi/ /ˈdɪkʃənɛɹi/ n
słownik
an associative array
słownik leksykon
publication that explains the meanings of an ordered list of words

dictionary attack n
atak słownikowy
An attack that uses a list of words from a dictionary

dictionary form n
forma słownikowa

die /daɪ/ n
matryca
device for cutting into a specified shape
kość kostka
polyhedron used in games of chance

die /daɪ/ v
umrzeć umierać
to stop living

die hard v
być powolnym w zmianach
be slow in changing

die out v
wymierać wymrzeć
to become extinct

dielectric /ˌdaɪ.ɪˈlɛk.tɹɪk / n
dielektryk
physics: nonconducting material

diencephalon /ˌdaɪənˈsɛfəlɒn/ n
międzymózgowie
region of the human brain

diesel engine n
silnik o zapłonie samoczynnym silnik wysokoprężny
type of engine

diet /ˈdaɪət/ n
dieta
controlled regimen of food
food a person or animal consumes

dietetic /daɪəˈtɛtɪk/ adj
dietetyczny
relating to diet
relating to preparation for those on a restricted diet

differ /ˈdɪfə/ /ˈdɪfɚ/ v
różnić się
not to have the same characteristics
mieć inne zdanie nie zgadzać się
to have diverging opinions, disagree

difference /ˈdɪfəɹən(t)s/ /ˈdɪfɹən(t)s/ n
różnica
characteristic of something that makes it different from something else
quality of being different
arithmetic: result of a subtraction

different /ˈdɪf.ɹənt/ adj
różny inny
not the same
inny odmienny niezwykły rozmaity
unlike most others

differentiable /ˌdɪf.ə(ɹ)ˈɛn.ʃə.bəl/ adj
różniczkowalny
having a derivative

differential [dɪfəˈɹənʃəɫ] adj
różnicowy
relating to a difference
różniczkowy
relating to differentiation or differential calculus

differential [dɪfəˈɹənʃəɫ] n
różniczka
infinitesimal change

differential calculus n
rachunek różniczkowy
calculus that deals with instantaneous rates of change

differential equation n
równanie różniczkowe
equation involving the derivatives of a function

differentiate /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/ /ˌdɪ.fəˈɹɛnt.ʃi.eɪt/ v
różniczkować
math: to calculate the derivative
math: to calculate the differential
różnicować
to modify, be modified
odróżniać
to perceive the difference
różnić się
to show or be the distinction

differentiation n
rozróżnienie
act of distinguishing or describing a thing, by giving its different, or specific difference
różniczkowanie
in analysis

differently /ˈdifɹəntli/ adv
inaczej
in a different way

difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ adj
trudny ciężki
hard, not easy

difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ n
trudność
state of being difficult

difficulty level n
poziom trudności
difficulty of completing a task or objective

diffusion /dɪˈfjuːʒən/ n
dyfuzja
(physics) the intermingling of the molecules

dig /dɪɡ/ n
wykopalisko
archeological investigation

dig /dɪɡ/ v
wykopać
get by digging, take up from the ground
kopać wykopywać ryć
to move hard-packed earth out of the way

digamma /daɪˈɡæmə/ n
digamma
letter of the Old Greek alphabet

digest /daɪˈdʒɛst/ /ˈdaɪdʒɛst/ v
trawić
to separate food in the alimentary canal

digestion /daɪˈdʒɛstʃən/ n
trawienie
process in gastrointestinal tract

digger /ˈdɪɡə/ /ˈdɪɡɚ/ n
koparka
large piece of machinery
kopacz
one who digs

digit /ˈdɪdʒɪt/ n
palec
finger or toe
cyfra
numeral

digital /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪtəɫ/ adj
palcowy cyfrowy
having to do or performed with a finger
cyfrowy
of or relating to computers
representing discrete values

digital camera n
aparat cyfrowy
electronic camera

digitalis /dɪdʒɪˈtælɪs/ /dɪdʒɪˈtɑːlɪs/ n
naparstnica
genus

dignified /ˈdɪɡnɪfaɪd/ adj
dostojny godny
respectable

dignity /ˈdɪɡnɪti/ n
godność dostojeństwo
quality or state

digon /ˈdaɪɡən/ n
dwukąt
polygon having two edges and two vertices

digraph /ˈdaɪɡɹɑːf/ n
dwuznak
pair of letters

digression /daɪˈɡɹɛʃən/ /dʌɪˈɡɹɛʃən/ n
dygresja
a departure from the main subject in speech or writing

dilapidate /dɪˈlæp.ɪ.deɪt/ v
zrujnować się
to cause to become ruined or put into disrepair
popaść w ruinę
to fall into ruin or disuse
roztrwonić
to squander or waste

dilatable adj
rozciągliwy rozszerzalny
that can be dilated

dilate /daɪˈleɪt/ v
rozszerzać
To enlarge; to make bigger

dildo /ˈdɪldəʊ/ [ˈdɪɫdoʊ] [ˈdɪɫdəʊ] n
dildo jebadło
artificial phallus

dilemma /daɪˈlɛmə/ n
dylemat
circumstance in which a choice must be made between two alternatives
difficult circumstance
in logic

diligent /ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/ adj
pilny
hard-working and focused

diligently adv
pilnie
in a diligent manner

dill /dɪɫ/ n
koper koperek koper ogrodowy
herb of the species Anethum graveolens

dilute /daɪˈljuːt/ /daɪˈlut/ adj
rozcieńczony
having a low concentration

dilute /daɪˈljuːt/ /daɪˈlut/ v
rozcieńczać
to add more of a solvent to a solution; especially to add more water

dim /dɪm/ adj
niejasny niewyraźny
indistinct
ciemnawy ciemny przytępiony przyćmiony
not bright, not colourful
ciemny tępy
not smart

dim /dɪm/ v
ciemnieć mierzchnąć mrocznieć ćmić
to become darker
omroczyć przyciemniać zaćmić ściemniać
to make something less bright

dimension /daɪˈmɛnʃən/ /daɪ̯ˈmɛnʃn̩/ n
wymiar
in physics
measure of spatial extent
in computing
in geometry
in science fiction

dimensional /dɪˈmɛnʃənəl/ adj
wymiarowy
having a stated number of dimensions

dimer /ˈdaɪmə(ɹ)/ n
dimer
a molecule consisting of two identical halves

dimethylmercury n
dimetylortęć
(CH₃)₂Hg

diminutive /dɪˈmɪn.jʊ.tɪv/ adj
zdrobnienie
grammar

diminutive /dɪˈmɪn.jʊ.tɪv/ n
zdrobnienie
grammar: word form expressing smallness

dimorphism /daɪˈmɔːfɪzəm/ n
dymorfizm
biology: occurrence in an animal species of two distinct types of individual
biology: occurrence of two distinct forms of any part

din /dɪn/ n
gwar hałas rumor zgiełk
loud noise

dinar /ˈdiːnɑː(ɹ)/ n
dinar
official currency of several countries

dine /daɪn/ v
jeść kolację jeść obiad obiadować
to eat; to eat dinner or supper

diner /ˈdaɪnə(ɹ)/ n
wagon restauracyjny
a small and inexpensive type of restaurant which may be modelled to resemble a dining car

ding dong /dɪŋ(ɡ)ˈdɒŋ(ɡ)/ interjection
bim bom dzyń
onomatopoeia for the sound of a doorbell

dinghy /ˈdɪŋ(ɡ)i/ /ˈdɪŋ.i/ n
bączek
small boat

dingo /ˈdɪŋɡəʊ/ n
dingo
wild dog native to Australia

dining car n
wagon restauracyjny
restaurant carriage

dining room n
jadalnia
room, in a home or hotel, where meals are eaten

dinitrogen tetroxide n
tetratlenek diazotu
binary compound nitrogen and oxygen, N₂O₄

dinner /ˈdɪnə/ /ˈdɪnəɹ/ n
bankiet
a formal meal
obiad
midday meal
main meal of the day

dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsɔː(ɹ)/ n
dinozaur
extinct reptile

dint /dɪnt/ n
wgięcie
a dent

diocese /ˈdaɪ.ə.sɪs/ n
diecezja
region administered by a bishop
administrative division of the Roman Empire

diode /ˈdaɪoʊd/ /ˈdaɪəʊd/ n
dioda
electronic device

diol n
diol
organic compound

dioptase n
dioptaz
Mineral

diopter n
dioptria
unit of measure

diorama n
diorama
a three-dimensional display of a scenery

dioxide /daɪˈɒksaɪd/ n
dwutlenek
any oxide containing two oxygen atoms in each molecule

dip /dɪp/ n
dip
sauce for dipping

diphallia n
difalia
condition of two penises

diphthong /ˈdɪfθɑŋ/ /ˈdɪfθɒŋ(ɡ)/ /ˈdɪfθɔŋ/ n
dyftong
complex vowel sound

diplodocus n
diplodok
dinosaur

diploma /dɪˈpləʊmə/ n
dyplom
certificate

diplomacy /dɪˈploʊməsi/ /dɪˈpləʊməsi/ n
dyplomacja
art of conducting international relations
tact and subtle skill in dealing with people

diplomat /ˈdɪ.plə.mæt/ n
dyplomata dyplomatka
person who is accredited to represent a government

diplomatic immunity n
immunitet dyplomatyczny
diplomat's legal immunity

dipole /ˈdaɪˌpoʊl/ /ˈdʌɪpəʊl/ n
dipol
any molecule that has delocalised charges
any object that is oppositely charged at two points

dipper /ˈdɪpə/ /ˈdɪpɚ/ n
pluszcz
bird
chochla
vessel

diprotic adj
dwuzasadowy
tending to donate two hydrogen ions in solution

dipstick /ˈdɪpstɪk/ n
idiota
a person of inferior intellect

diptych /ˈdɪptɪk/ n
dyptyk
picture or series of pictures painted on two tablets

dire /ˈdaɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ adj
poważny straszny
expressing bad consequences

dire straits n
tarapaty
difficult position

direct /d(a)ɪˈɹɛkt/ v
kierować
to aim at

direct current n
prąd stały
electric current in which the electrons flow in one direction, but may vary with time

direct free kick n
rzut wolny bezpośredni
soccer

direct object n
dopełnienie bliższe
the noun a verb is directly acting upon

directed graph n
graf skierowany
type of graphs

direction /d(a)ɪˈɹɛk.ʃən/ n
kierunek
indication of the point toward which an object is moving
kierowanie
work of the director (manager)
reżyseria
work of the director in cinema or theater

directive /daɪˈɹɛk.tɪv/ /dəˈɹɛk.tɪv/ n
dyrektywa
authoritative decision
form of legislative act addressed to the EU member states
instruction or guideline

director /daɪˈɹɛktə(ɹ)/ /daɪˈɹɛktɚ/ /daɪ̯əˈɹɛktə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈɹɛktə(ɹ)/ /dɪˈɹɛktɚ/ n
reżyser dyrektor
supervisor, manager

directorate /daɪˈɹɛktəɹət/ /dɪˈɹɛktəɹət/ n
dyrekcja dyrektoriat
an agency headed by a director

directory /daɪˈɹɛktəɹi/ /dɪˈɹɛktəɹi/ n
katalog
simulated folder

directress n
reżyserka
a female director

directrix n
kierownica
a line used to define a curve or surface

dirigible /ˈdɪɹ.ə.dʒə.bəl/ /ˈdɪɹɪdʒəbəɫ/ n
sterowiec
a self-propelled airship that can be steered

dirt /dɜːt/ /dɝt/ n
kompromat
previously unknown negative information, kompromat
ziemia
soil or earth
brud
stain or spot (on clothes etc)

dirty /ˈdɜːti/ /ˈdɝti/ adj
brudny
covered with or containing dirt
illegal, improper
of color: discolored by impurities
haniebny brudny
dishonourable, violating standards or rules
sprośny świński nieprzyzwoity
morally unclean, obscene or indecent
brudzący brudny
that makes one dirty

dirty /ˈdɜːti/ /ˈdɝti/ v
brudzić kalać plamić upaćkać
to make dirty

dirty laundry n
brudy
Unflattering facts or questionable activities

disability /dɪsəˈbɪlɪti/ n
renta
regular payments received by a disabled person

disable [dɪsˈeɪbəɫ] v
dezaktywować wyłączać zablokować
to deactivate a function of an electronic or mechanical device

disabled [dɪsˈeɪbəɫd] adj
niepełnosprawny
having a disability
wyłączony zdezaktywowany
made incapable of use or action

disabled [dɪsˈeɪbəɫd] n
inwalida inwalidka
disabled one

disaccharide /daɪˈsækəɹaɪd/ n
disacharyd
a sugar consisting of two monosaccharides

disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒ/ /ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n
wada
setback or handicap
niekorzyść
weakness

disagreement /dɪsəˈɡɹiːmənt/ n
niezgoda spór
An argument or debate

disambiguation /dɪsæmˌbɪɡjuːˈeɪʃən/ n
ujednoznacznienie
removal of ambiguity

disappear /dɪsəˈpiːɹ/ /dɪsəˈpɪə/ /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ v
zniknąć znikać
to vanish

disappearance /dɪsəˈpɪəɹəns/ n
zniknięcie
action of disappearing or vanishing

disappoint /dɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v
rozczarować zawieść
to displease by underperforming etc.

disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj
rozczarowany zawiedziony
defeated of hope or expectation

disappointment /dɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ n
rozczarowanie zawód
emotion

disapproval /dɪsəˈpɹuvəl/ [dɪsəˈpɹuːvəɫ] n
dezaprobata
disapproval

disarm /dɪsˈɑː(ɹ)m/ v
rozbrajać
to deprive of arms

disarmament /dɪsˈɑː(r)məmənt/ n
rozbrojenie
the reduction of military forces and armaments

disassembler n
dezasembler
program that translates machine code into assembly language

disaster /dɪˈzæs.tə/ /dɪˈzæs.tɚ/ /dɪˈzɑːs.tə(ɹ)/ n
katastrofa bieda gorze nieszczęście
unexpected catastrophe causing physical damage, etc.

disband /dɪsˈbænd/ v
rozpuszczać
to break up or cause to cease to exist

disc brake n
hamulec tarczowy
type of brake

disc jockey n
DJ didżej didżejka
disc jockey

discard /dɪsˈkɑɹd/ /dɪsˈkɑːd/ /ˈdɪskɑɹd/ /ˈdɪskɑːd/ v
zrzucić
to throw away, reject

discern /dɪˈsɜːn/ /dɪˈsɝn/ /dɪˈzɜːn/ /dɪˈzɝn/ v
dostrzec dostrzegać zauważać zauważyć
to detect with the senses, especially with the eyes
rozróżniać rozróżnić
to distinguish something as being different from something else; to differentiate

discharge /dɪsˈtʃɑɹdʒ/ /dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/ /ˈdɪstʃɑɹdʒ/ /ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ/ v
rozładować rozładowywać
(electricity) the act of releasing an accumulated charge
wypisać wypisywać
(medicine) to release (an inpatient) from hospital
rozładować
to operate (any weapon that fires a projectile, such as a shotgun or sling)
rozładować, wyładować
unload

discipline /ˈdɪ.sə.plɪn/ n
dyscyplina
controlled behaviour, self-control

disciplined /ˈdɪsɪplɪnd/ adj
zdyscyplinowany
possessing mental discipline
ukarany
punished for disobedience

disclaimer /dɪsˈkleɪm.ə/ /dɪsˈkleɪm.ɚ/ n
zrzeczenie się
law: denial, disavowal, or renunciation (as of a title, claim, interest, estate, or trust; relinquishment or waiver of an interest or estate)
public disavowal

disclose /dɪsˈkləʊz/ v
ujawnić
make known

disclosure /dɪsˈkloʊʒɚ/ /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/ n
ujawnienie wyjawienie
the act of revealing something

disco ball /ˈdɪskoʊ ˌbɑːl/ /ˈdɪskəʊ ˌbɔːl/ n
kula dyskotekowa
mirrored sphere

discobolus n
dyskobol
a discus thrower

discombobulation n
konsternacja
an embarrassing feeling that leaves a person confused

discontinuation n
zaprzestanie
interruption of continuity
odstawienie
quitting a course of treatment with a drug

discord /ˈdɪskɔɹd/ /ˈdɪskɔːd/ n
niezgoda
lack of agreement
kakofonia
musical dissonance

discotheque /ˈdɪskəˌtɛk/ n
dyskoteka
nightclub

discount /dɪsˈkaʊnt/ /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ n
rabat opust upust zniżka
reduction in price

discount store n
dyskont
store with lower prices

discourage /dɪsˈkʌɹɪdʒ/ v
zniechęcać zniechęcić
to persuade somebody not to do something

discourse /dɪsˈkɔː(ɹ)s/ /ˈdɪsko(ː)ɹs/ /ˈdɪskoəs/ /ˈdɪskɔː(ɹ)s/ n
dyskurs
expression in (spoken or written) words
formal lengthy exposition of some subject
in social sciences
konwersacja
verbal exchange or conversation

discover /dɪsˈkʊvə/ /dɪsˈkʌvə/ /dɪsˈkʌvɚ/ v
odkrywać odkryć
find something for the first time

discovery /dɪsˈkʌvəɹi/ n
odkrycie
something discovered
odkrywanie
the discovering of new things

discreet /dɪˈskɹiːt/ adj
dyskretny
respectful of privacy or secrecy; quiet; diplomatic

discrepancy /dɪsˈkɹɛpənsi/ n
rozbieżność
inconsistency
discrepant state

discretization n
dyskretyzacja
act of discretizing

discretize v
zdyskretyzować
convert continuous space into discrete space

discriminant n
wyróżnik
in algebra

discriminate /dɪsˈkɹɪmɪneɪt/ v
dyskryminować
to make decisions based on prejudice

discrimination /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
dyskryminacja
distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage
the act of making a distinction, noting differences between things

discus /ˈdɪs.kəs/ n
dysk
round plate-like object for throwing

discus throw n
rzut dyskiem
athletic event where a discus is thrown

discus thrower n
dyskobol
athlete

discuss /dɪsˈkʌs/ v
omawiać omówić
to converse or debate concerning a particular topic

discussion /dɪsˈkʊʃən/ /dɪˈskʌʃən/ n
dyskusja
conversation or debate
text giving further detail on a subject

disdain /dɪsˈdeɪn/ n
pogarda
feeling of contempt or scorn

disdain /dɪsˈdeɪn/ v
gardzić
to regard with strong contempt

disdainful /dɪsˈdeɪn.fʌl/ adj
pogardliwy
showing contempt or scorn

disease /dɪˈziz/ /dɪˈziːz/ n
choroba
an abnormal condition of the body causing discomfort or dysfunction

disembark /ˌdɪs.ɪmˈbɑːk/ v
wysiadać wysiąść
to go ashore, to leave a train or airplane

disembodied /dɪsɪmˈbɒdiːd/ adj
bezcielesny
having no material body, immaterial, incorporeal, insubstantial

disequilibrium n
nierównowaga brak równowagi
the loss of equilibrium or stability

disgrace /dɪsˈɡɹeɪs/ n
hańba sromota
condition of being out of favor

disguise /dɪsˈɡaɪz/ n
kamuflaż kamuflowanie
act of disguising
kamuflaż
attire to hide/assume an identity
that which masks what's beneath

disgust /dɪsˈɡʌst/ n
wstręt odraza
an intense dislike or repugnance

disgusting /dɪsˈkʌstɪŋ/ /dɪsˈɡʊstɪŋ/ adj
obrzydliwy obmierzły wstrętny
repulsive, distasteful

dish /dɪʃ/ n
półmisek
contents of such a vessel
danie potrawa
specific type of food
gary
tableware to be/being washed
antena satelitarna talerz
type of antenna
półmisek talerz naczynie
vessel for holding/serving food

dishcloth n
ręcznik kuchenny
for drying

dishevelled /dɪˈʃɛvəld/ adj
rozchełstany rozczochrany
untidy in appearance

dishonest /dɨˈsɑnɪst/ /dɪˈsɒnɪst/ adj
nieuczciwy
not honest

dishonesty /dɪsˈɒnɪ.stɪ/ n
nieuczciwość
an act which is fraudulent or dishonest
characteristic or condition of being dishonest

dishonour /dɪsˈɒnə(ɹ)/ n
hańba
shame or disgrace

dishwasher /ˈdɪʃˌwɑʃɚ/ /ˈdɪʃˌwɒʃə/ n
zmywarka
machine
pomywacz pomywaczka
person

disillusionment /dɪsɪˈluʒənmənt/ n
rozczarowanie
feeling that arises from the discovery that something is not what it was anticipated to be

disinfect /dɪs.ɪnˈfɛkt/ v
dezynfekować odkażać
sterilize by the use of cleaning agent

disinfection /dɪsɪnˈfɛkʃən/ n
dezynfekcja
treatment

disinformation /dɪsˌɪnfɚˈmeɪʃən/ /ˌdɪsɪnfəˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
dezinformacja
intentionally false information

disinherit v
wydziedziczyć
to exclude from inheritance

disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/ v
rozpadać się rozpaść się
break up into one's parts

disintegration /dɪs.ɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/ n
dezintegracja
a process by which anything disintegrates

disjunction /dɪsˈdʒʌŋk(t)ʃən/ n
alternatywa
logic

disk /dɪsk/ n
dysk twardy
a computer's hard disk
dysk
a thin, flat, circular plate
płyta płyta gramofonowa płyta winylowa winyl
a vinyl phonograph/gramophone record

dislocate /dɪsləʊˈkeɪt/ /dɪsˈloʊkeɪt/ v
zwichnąć
to dislodge a bone

dismantle /dɪsˈmæntəl/ [dɪsˈmæntʰəɫ] [dɪsˈmænʔəɫ] [dɪsˈmæ̃nɾɫ̩] v
rozmontować rozbierać rozebrać rozkładać rozłożyć
take apart

dismay /dɪsˈmeɪ/ n
przerażenie
a sudden loss of courage

dismember /ˌdɪsˈmɛmbə(ɹ)/ v
ćwiartować
cut into pieces
rozczłonkowywać
remove limbs

dismissal [dɪsˈmɪsəɫ] n
zwolnienie dymisja
deprivation of office

dismount /dɪsˈmaʊnt/ v
zsiadać zsiąść
to get off

disobedience /dɪs.əˈbiː.dɪəns/ n
nieposłuszeństwo
refusal to obey

disobedient /dɪs.əˈbiː.dɪənt/ adj
nieposłuszny
not obedient

disorder /dɪsˈɔːdə(ɹ)/ /dɪsˈɔːɹdɚ/ n
nieporządek nieład
absence of order
zaburzenie
physical or psychical malfunction

disorganization /dɪsˌɔː(ɹ).ɡənˌaɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ /dɪˌsoɹɡəˌnaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
dezorganizacja
act of disorganizing

disorganized schizophrenia n
hebefrenia schizofrenia zdezorganizowana
disorganized schizophrenia

disparage /dɪsˈpæɹɪd͡ʒ/ v
poniżać
to ridicule

dispassionate /dɪsˈpæʃənət/ adj
bezstronny
not showing, and not affected by, emotion, bias, or prejudice

dispel [dɪˈspɛɫ] v
rozwiewać
to drive away by scattering

dispensation /dɪsˌpɛnˈseɪʃən/ n
dyspensa
relaxation of a law in a particular case
act of dispensing

dispenser /dɪˈspɛnsə/ n
dozownik
object used to dispense other items

disperse /dɪˈspɜːs/ /dɪˈspɜ˞s/ v
rozproszyć
to scatter

displacement /dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/ n
przemieszczenie
physics: vector quantity which denotes distance with a directional component

display /dɪsˈpleɪ/ n
wyświetlacz
electronic screen

display /dɪsˈpleɪ/ v
wyświetlać
to show conspicuously

disproportionate /dɪspɹəˈpɔːʃəneɪt/ /dɪspɹəˈpɔːʃənət/ adj
nieproporcjonalny niewspółmierny
not proportionate
out of proportion

disqualification /dɪsˌkwɑːləfɪˈkeɪʃn/ /dɪsˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
dyskwalifikacja
act of disqualifying

disqualify /dɪsˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ v
dyskwalifikować
make ineligible

disregard /dɪsɹɪˈɡɑːd/ v
lekceważyć
to ignore

disrespectful [dɪsɹɪˈspɛktfəɫ] adj
lekceważący
lacking respect

disrespectfully adv
lekceważąco
in a disrespectful manner

disrobe /dɪsˈɹoʊb/ /dɪsˈɹəʊb/ v
rozbierać
undress someone or something

disruption /dɪsˈɹʌpʃən/ n
zakłócenie
interruption

disruptive /dɪsˈɹʌptɪv/ adj
rozpraszający zakłócający spokój
causing disrupt or unrest

diss /dɪs/ v
cisnąć dissować jechać pociskać
to put someone down or show verbal disrespect

dissect /dɪˈsɛkt/ v
przeprowadzić sekcję
to study a dead animal's anatomy by cutting it apart

dissemble [dɪˈsɛmbəɫ] v
ignorować udawać
to deliberately ignore something
maskować symulować ukrywać
to disguise or conceal something
ukrywać
to falsely hide one's opinions or feelings

disseminate /dɪˈsɛmɪˌneɪt/ v
rozprzestrzeniać się szerzyć się
intransitive: to become scattered
rozpowszechniać rozpowszechnić rozprzestrzeniać rozprzestrzenić rozsiać rozsiewać
transitive: to sow and scatter principles, etc. for propagation, like seed

dissent /dɪˈsɛnt/ v
buntować się nie zgadzać się
to disagree

dissenter n
dysydent
someone who dissents

dissertation /ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃən/ /ˌdɪsɚˈteɪʃən/ n
doktorat dysertacja
formal exposition of a subject

disservice /dɪ(s)ˈsɜːvɪs/ /dɪ(s)ˈsɝvɪs/ n
niedźwiedzia przysługa
service that results in harm

dissident /ˈdɪsɪdənt/ n
dysydent dysydentka
person who opposes the current political structure, group or laws

dissociate /dɪˈsoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ /dɪˈsəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ v
odciąć rozdzielić
to make unrelated

dissociation /ˈdɪˌsəʊʃɪieɪʃən/ n
rozkład
act of dissociating
dysocjacja
defence mechanism

dissolution /ˌdɪsəˈl(j)uːʃən/ n
rozwiązanie
termination of an organized body or legislative assembly

dissolve /dɪˈzɑlv/ /dɪˈzɒlv/ v
rozpuszczać
intransitive: to be disintegrated into a solution by immersion
rozpuszczać rozpuścić rozwiązać rozwiązywać
to terminate a union of multiple members actively
rozpuszczać rozpuścić
transitive: to disintegrate into a solution by immersion

distaff /ˈdɪstæf/ /ˈdɪstɑːf/ n
kobieca praca kobieca robota
anything traditionally done by or considered of importance to women only
przęślica
device to which fibres are attached for temporary storage
part of a spinning wheel

distal /ˈdɪs.təl/ adj
dalszy
remote from the point of attachment or origin

distance /ˈdɪs.təns/ /ˈdɪs.tɪns/ n
odległość dystans droga
amount of space between two points

distance /ˈdɪs.təns/ /ˈdɪs.tɪns/ v
dystansować
move away

distant /ˈdɪstənt/ adj
daleki odległy
far off

distasteful /dɪsˈteɪstfəɫ/ adj
niesmaczny
having a bad or foul taste
niesmaczny przykry
unpleasant

distillation /dɪstɪˈleɪʃən/ n
destylacja
separation of a substance

distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/ n
odznaczenie wyróżnienie
a feature that causes someone or something to be better
różnica
that which distinguishes

distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/ adj
charakterystyczny
characteristic

distinguish /dɪsˈtɪŋɡwɪʃ/ v
rozróżniać rozróżnić
to see someone or something as different from others

distort /dɪsˈtɔɹt/ /dɪsˈtɔːt/ v
wypaczać
to give false account of

distress /dɪˈstɹɛs/ n
niebezpieczeństwo zagrożenie
serious danger

distribution /ˌdɪstɹəˈbjuːʃən/ n
dystrybucja
act of distribution or being distributed
process by which commodities get to final consumers
anything distributed; portion; share
rozkład dystrybucja
distribution in statistics

distributive adj
rozdzielny
math: property of functions

distributor n
dystrybutor dystrybutorka
one who distributes, a thing that distributes

district /ˈdɪstɹɪkt/ n
dzielnica dystrykt
administrative division

disturb /dɪsˈtɜːb/ v
przeszkadzać niepokoić
confuse or irritate

disused /ˌdɪsˈjuːzd/ adj
nieużywany
no longer in use

ditch day n
Święto Lasu
a day on which a group of students, generally the senior class, leaves the campus and its responsibilities for a day

ditransitive adj
dwuprzechodni
having both a direct and indirect object

ditransitive verb n
czasownik dwuprzechodni
verb that requires a direct object and an indirect object

ditto /ˈdɪtoʊ/ /ˈdɪtəʊ/ n
jak wyżej to samo
the aforesaid

diuresis /ˌdaɪjʊˈɹiːsɪs/ n
diureza
excessive production of urine

diuretic /daɪjəˈɹɛtɪk/ adj
diuretyczny moczopędny
increasing urination

diurnal /daɪˈɜːnəɫ/ /daɪˈɝ.nəl/ adj
dzienna dzienne dzienni dzienny
happening during daylight; primarily active during the day

diva /ˈdiːvə/ n
diwa
female celebrity

divan /dɪˈvæn/ n
dywan
council

dive /ˈdaɪv/ n
speluna spelunka dziura knajpa melina mordownia
seedy bar

dive /ˈdaɪv/ v
zanurzać się zanurzyć się
to descend
nurkować
to swim under water
to jump into water
undertake enthusiastically

diver /ˈdaɪ̯vəɹ/ n
nurek
someone who dives

diverge /daɪˈvɜːdʒ/ /dɪˈvɝdʒ/ v
rozbiegać
to have no limit
rozbiegać się rozchodzić się rozdzielać się
to run apart

divergence /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)dʒəns/ n
dywergencja
mathematical operator
odchylenie rozbieżność
the degree of divergence

divergent /daɪˈvɜːdʒənt/ /dɪˈvɝdʒənt/ adj
rozbieżny
growing further apart; diverging
of a series, not converging

diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/ /dɨ.ˈvɝs/ adj
odmienny rozmaity
different
różnorodny różny rozmaity
various

diversion /daɪˈvɜːʒən/ /dɪˈvɝʒən/ n
objazd
A detour, such as during road construction
rerouting of cargo or passengers to a new transshipment point or destination
dywersja
tactic used to draw attention away from the real threat or action

diversity /daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/ n
różnorodność
quality of being diverse; difference

divertimento /dəˌvɝtəˈmɛntoʊ/ /dɪˌvɜːtɪˈmɛntəʊ/ n
divertimento
eighteenth-century composition in several short movements

divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ v
dzielić podzielić
calculate quotient
divide up; share by dividing
split into two or more parts

divide and conquer v
dziel i rządź
Divide and conquer

dividend /ˈdɪvɪdɛnd/ n
dzielna dywidenda
arithmetic: a number or expression
dywidenda
finance: a payment of money by a company to its shareholders

dividual /dɪˈvɪdʒuəl/ adj
oddzielny
separate, distinct

divine /dɪˈvaɪn/ adj
boski
of or pertaining to a god

diving /ˈdaɪvɪŋ/ n
nurkowanie
practice of swimming underwater
skoki do wody
sport of jumping head first into water

diving bell spider n
topik wodnik
spider

diving header n
strzał szczupakiem szczupak
ball

diving petrel n
nurzec
bird of the family Pelecanoididae

divinity /dɪˈvɪnɪti/ n
boskość bóstwo
godhood, state of being God or a god

divisibility /dɪˈvɪzɪbɪlɪti/ n
podzielność
property of being divisible

divisible [dɪˈvɪzɪbəɫ] adj
podzielny
capable of being divided
of an integer, that when divided leaves no remainder

division /dɪˈvɪʒən/ n
podział
act or process of dividing anything
dzielenie
arithmetic: process of dividing a number by another
arithmetic: calculation involving this process
dywizja
large military unit

division ring n
ciało nieprzemienne pierścień z dzieleniem
algebraic concept

division sign n
znak dzielenia
Symbol

divisor /dɨ.ˈvaɪ.zɚ/ /dɪ.ˈvaɪ.zə(ɹ)/ n
dzielnik
arithmetic: a number or expression

divorce /dɪˈvo(ː)ɹs/ /dɪˈvoəs/ /dɪˈvɔɹs/ /dɪˈvɔːs/ n
rozwód
legal dissolution of a marriage

divorcee /dɪvɔːˈsiː/ n
rozwodnik rozwódka
a person divorced

divorcé /dɪˈvɔːseɪ/ n
rozwiedziony rozwodnik
a divorced man

divorcée /dɪˈvɔːseɪ/ n
rozwiedziona rozwódka
a divorced woman

divulgation /ˌdaɪvʌlˈɡeɪʃən/ n
wyjawienie
disclosure of a secret

divulge /daɪˈvʌldʒ/ v
rozgłaszać
to indicate publicly; to proclaim
ujawnić
to make public

do /du/ /duː/ /dʉː/ /d͡ʒ/ v
robić czynić zrobić uczynić
perform, execute
bzykać przelecieć
slang: have sex with

do I know you phraseologicalUnit
czy ja cię znam? czy ja pana znam? czy ja panią znam? czy my się znamy?
do I know you?

do in v
wykończyć
to kill or end

do it yourself n
majsterkowanie
practice of doing home improvements and maintenance oneself

do not disturb phraseologicalUnit
nie przeszkadzać
do not disturb

do one's bit v
robić swoje zrobić swoje
to make one's individual contribution to the whole

do the dishes v
zmywać
to wash up dishes

do the laundry v
robić pranie
to wash the laundry

do without v
obchodzić się bez obejść się bez obywać się bez obyć się bez wytrzymać bez wytrzymywać bez
manage

do you accept credit cards phraseologicalUnit
czy akceptujecie karty kredytowe?
do you accept credit cards?

do you believe in God phraseologicalUnit
wierzysz w Boga?
do you believe in God?

do you have a boyfriend phraseologicalUnit
masz chłopaka?
do you have a boyfriend?

do you have a menu in English phraseologicalUnit
masz menu w angielskie?
phrase

do you know phraseologicalUnit
czy Pan wie czy Pani wie czy Państwo wiedzą czy wiesz
do you know? (of knowledge)

do you need help phraseologicalUnit
czy potrzebuje Pan pomocy? czy potrzebuje Pani pomocy? czy potrzebujesz pomocy?
Do you need help?

do you speak English phraseologicalUnit
czy mówisz po angielsku?
do you speak English? (English specifically)
mówi pan po polsku? mówi pani po polsku? mówisz po polsku?
do you speak...? (fill with the name of the current foreign language)

do you think you can walk phraseologicalUnit
czy myśli pan, że może chodzić? czy myśli pani, że może chodzić? czy myśli panna, że może chodzić? czy myślisz, że możesz chodzić?
do you think you can walk?

dobbin n
chabeta szkapa
old broken-down horse

dobra n
dobra
official currency of São Tomé and Príncipe

docile /ˈdɑː.səl/ /ˈdəʊ.sail/ adj
pojętny
accepting instructions
potulny uległy
yielding to control

dock /dɑk/ /dɒk/ n
dok
fixed structure to which a vessel is secured
body of water between two piers or wharves

docking n
dokowanie
process of connecting one spacecraft to another

dockworker n
doker portowiec
worker at a dock

doctor /ˈdɑktɚ/ /ˈdɒktə/ n
doktor lekarz
person who has attained a doctorate

doctor /ˈdɑktɚ/ /ˈdɒktə/ v
fabrykować falsyfikować fałszować
alter or make obscure, in order to deceive

doctorand n
doktorant doktorantka
postgrad aiming at doctorate

doctorate /ˈdɑk.təɹ.eɪt/ /ˈdɑk.təɹ.ət/ /ˈdɒk.tə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈdɒk.tə.ɹɪt/ n
doktorat
highest degree awarded by a university faculty

doctrinal adj
doktrynalny
of or relating to a doctrine

doctrinally adv
doktrynalnie
in a doctrinal manner

doctrine /ˈdɑktɹɪn/ /ˈdɒktɹɪn/ n
doktryna
belief
body of beliefs or teachings

document /ˈdɑkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɑkjʊmɛnt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmɛnt/ n
dokument
original or official paper

document /ˈdɑkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɑkjʊmɛnt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmənt/ /ˈdɒkjʊmɛnt/ v
dokumentować udokumentować
to record in documents
to furnish with documents or papers necessary to establish facts or give information

documentarian n
dokumentalista
person whose profession is to create documentary films

documentary /ˌdɑ.kjəˈmɛn.tɚ.ɹi/ /ˌdɒk.jəˈmɛn.tɹi/ adj
dokumentalny dokumentarny
of, related to or based on documents/that serves to document something

documentary /ˌdɑ.kjəˈmɛn.tɚ.ɹi/ /ˌdɒk.jəˈmɛn.tɹi/ n
dokument film dokumentalny
documentary film

documentation /ˌdɑkjəmənˈteɪʃən/ /ˌdɒkjʊmənˈteɪʃən/ n
dokumentacja
documents that explain the operation of a particular machine or software program

dodder n
kanianka
parasitic plant (of about 100-170 species) of the genus Cuscuta

dodecahedron /ˌdoʊdɛkəˈhiːdɹən/ /ˌdəʊdɛkəˈhiːdɹən/ n
dwunastościan foremny
a polyhedron with 12 faces

dodecaphony n
dodekafonia
dodecaphony

dodo /ˈdoʊˌdoʊ/ /ˈdəʊˌdəʊ/ n
dodo
Raphus cucullatus

doe /doʊ/ /dəʊ/ n
łania
female deer
zajęczyca
female hare
kangurzyca
female kangaroo

does anyone here speak English phraseologicalUnit
czy jest ktoś tutaj kto mówi po angielsku? czy ktokolwiek tutaj mówi po angielsku?
does anyone here speak English?

dog /dɑɡ/ /dɒɡ/ /dɔɡ/ n
pies suka
animal
pies
male canine
morally reprehensible person, See also scoundrel

dog collar n
obroża
collar for a dog

dog days /ˈdɒɡ deɪz/ /ˈdɔɡ deɪz/ n
kanikuła
the days between early July and early September

dog in the manger n
pies ogrodnika
one who denies to others something that he or she cannot use

dog rose n
dzika róża
the species Rosa canina

dog tag n
nieśmiertelnik
identification tag worn around the neck by military personnel

dog-ear n
ośle ucho
folded corner of a page

dogbane n
toina
Apocynum

doge /doʊdʒ/ /dəʊdʒ/ n
doża
chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa
pieseł
internet slang

dogfish n
koleń
small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families

dogma /ˈdɒɡ.mə/ /ˈdɔɡ.mə/ n
dogmat
authoritative principle, belief or statement of opinion
dogmat doktryna
doctrine

dogmatism n
dogmatyzm
arrogance in stating opinion

dogwood /ˈdɒɡwʊd/ n
dereń
tree or shrub of the genus Cornus

dojo /ˈdoʊˌdʒoʊ/ /ˈdəʊdʒəʊ/ n
dojo
(martial arts) training facility

dolce far niente /ˌdoʊltʃeɪ ˌfɑɹ niˈɛnteɪ/ /ˌdɒltʃeɪ ˌfɑː nɪˈɛnteɪ/ n
błogie lenistwo
enjoyment of idleness

dolce vita /ˌdoʊltʃeɪ ˈvitə/ /ˌdɒltʃeɪ ˈviːtə/ n
słodkie życie
life of self-indulgence and luxury

dolefully adv
smutno
in a doleful manner

dolerite n
diabaz doleryt
a fine-grained basaltic rock

dolichocephaly n
dolichocefalia długogłowość
quality or condition of being dolichocephalic

doll /dɑl/ /dɒl/ n
lalka kukła
a toy in the form of a human

dollar /dɔlɚ/ /ˈdɑlɚ/ /ˈdɒlə/ n
dolar
designation for specific currency

dollop /ˈdɑləp/ /ˈdɒləp/ n
porcja
considerable lump

dolmen /ˈdoʊl.mən/ /ˈdɒl.mɛn/ n
dolmen
tomb consisting of a capstone supported by two or more upright stones

dolomite /ˈdoʊl.əˌmaɪt/ n
dolomit
mineral

dolorous /ˈdɒləɹəs/ adj
boleściwy
solemnly or ponderously sad

dolphin /ˈdɑlfɪn/ /ˈdɒlfɪn/ n
delfin
aquatic mammal

dolphin striker n
delfiniak
spar

dolphinarium /dɑl.fɪˈnɛəɹ.i.əm/ /dɒl.fɪˈnɛəɹ.i.əm/ n
delfinarium

dolt /doʊlt/ /dɒlt/ /dəʊlt/ n
głupek
A stupid person; a blockhead or dullard

domain /doʊˈmeɪn/ /dəʊˈmeɪn/ n
dziedzina
(mathematics) the set on which a function is defined
a field or sphere of activity, influence or expertise
geographic area owned or controlled by a single person or organization
group of related items
domena
DNS domain name
collection of DNS domain names
collection of computers
collection of information

domain of discourse n
obszar rozważań
in formal logic

dome /dəʊm/ n
kopuła
architectural element

domestic /dəˈmɛstɪk/ adj
domowy
(of a domesticated animal) kept by someone
of or relating to activities normally associated with the home, wherever they actually occur
of or relating to the home
krajowy
internal to a specific country

domestic cat n
kot domowy
a domesticated cat

domestic violence n
przemoc domowa
violence committed in a domestic setting

domicile /ˈdɑmɪsaɪl/ n
domicyl
home or residence

dominance /ˈdɑːmɪnəns/ /ˈdɒmɪnəns/ n
dominacja
state of being dominant

dominant /ˈdɑmənənt/ /ˈdɒmɪnənt/ adj
dominujący
ruling, governing

dominant /ˈdɑmənənt/ /ˈdɒmɪnənt/ n
dominanta
tone of a musical scale

dominate /ˈdɑːməˌneɪt/ /ˈdɒməˌneɪt/ v
dominować
to exert an overwhelming guiding influence over something or someone
to overlook from a height
dominować przewyższać
to govern, rule or control by superior authority or power

domination /ˌdɑːməˈneɪʃən/ /ˌdɒməˈneɪʃən/ n
dominacja
act of dominating

dominion /dəˈmɪnjən/ n
królestwo
a kingdom, nation, or other sphere of influence

domino /ˈdɑmɪnoʊ/ /ˈdɒmɪnəʊ/ n
domino
block used in dominoes
person wearing the costume

dominoes /ˈdɑmɪnoʊz/ /ˈdɒmɪnəʊz/ n
domino
game

don /dɑn/ /dɒn/ v
ubierać wkładać zakładać
put on clothes

don't /doʊnt/ /dəʊnt/ v
nie
do not

don't count your chickens before they're hatched proverb
nie chwal dnia przed zachodem słońca nie dziel skóry na niedźwiedziu
don't count on things if you don't have them yet

don't look a gift horse in the mouth proverb
darowanemu koniowi nie zagląda się w zęby darowanemu koniowi nie zaglądaj w zęby darowanemu koniowi w zęby się nie patrzy darowanemu koniowi w zęby się nie zagląda
a phrase referring to unappreciatively questioning of a gift or handout too closely

don't mention it phraseologicalUnit
nie ma za co nie ma o czym mówić
it is too trivial to warrant thanks

don't try to teach grandma how to suck eggs proverb
nie ucz ojca dzieci robić
don't teach an expert

donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ /ˈdoʊˌneɪt/ v
podarować
to give away something of value

donation /doʊˈneɪʃən/ /dəʊˈneɪʃən/ n
dar darowizna
a voluntary gift or contribution for a specific cause

doner kebab /ˈdɒn.ə(ɹ).kəˌbæb/ n
kebs
Turkish dish of grilled meat served with pita

donkey /ˈdɑŋki/ /ˈdɒŋki/ n
osioł oślica
a domestic animal
osioł
a fool
a stubborn person

donor /ˈdoʊnɚ/ /ˈdəʊnə/ n
darczyńca
one who donates

doodle /ˈduː.dəl/ n
siusiak
penis

doodle /ˈduː.dəl/ v
bazgrać
to draw or scribble aimlessly

doofus /ˈduːfəs/ n
głupek
person with poor judgement and taste

doohickey /ˈduhɪki/ n
wihajster
a thing

doom /duːm/ n
zguba
death
fatum
destiny, especially terrible
groza
feeling of danger
osąd sąd
obsolete: judgment or decision
wyrok
obsolete: sentence or penalty
zagłada zguba
undesirable fate

doomsday /ˈduːmz.deɪ/ n
Dzień Sądu Ostatecznego
day when God is expected to judge the world

door /do(ː)ɹ/ /doə/ /dɔɹ/ /dɔː/ n
drzwi
portal of entry into a building, room or vehicle

doorbell n
dzwonek do drzwi
device on or adjacent to an outer door for announcing one's presence

doorknob /ˈdɔɹ.nɑb/ /ˈdɔː.nɒb/ n
klamka
circular device attached to a door, the rotation of which permits the unlatching of a door

doorknocker n
kołatka
door knocker

doormat /ˈdɔː(ɹ)ˌmæt/ n
wycieraczka
coarse mat that appears at the entrance to a house
someone that is over-submissive to other's wishes

doorstep n
próg
threshold of a doorway

doorway /ˈdo(ː)ɹweɪ/ /ˈdoəweɪ/ /ˈdɔɹweɪ/ /ˈdɔːweɪ/ n
wejście
passage of a door

dopamine /ˈdoʊpəmɪn/ /ˈdəʊpəmiːn/ n
dopamina
the neurotransmitter

dope [doʊp] [dəʊp] n
aerożel
aeronautics: varnish used to waterproof, strengthen, etc.
debil
slang: a stupid person

doping n
doping
use of drugs to improve athletic performance

doppelganger /ˈdɑp(ə)lˌɡɛŋəɹ/ /ˈdɒp(ə)lˌɡɛŋə/ n
sobowtór
ghostly double of a living person
remarkably similar double

dormant /ˈdɔɹmənt/ /ˈdɔːmənt/ adj
uśpiony
inactive, asleep, suspended

dormant volcano n
wulkan drzemiący
inactive volcano that may return active

dormer-window n
facjata
upright window in a roof

dormitory /ˈdɔɹmɪˌtɔɹi/ n
akademik dormitorium
building or part thereof

dormouse /ˈdɔɹmaʊs/ /ˈdɔːmaʊs/ n
popielica
rodent

dorsal /ˈdɔɹsəl/ adj
dorsalny grzbietowy
relating to the side in which the backbone is located

dorsal fin n
płetwa grzbietowa
fin on a marine animal's back

dose /doʊs/ /dəʊs/ n
dawka
measured portion of medicine
dawka doza miarka porcja
quantity of an agent administered at any one time

dose /doʊs/ /dəʊs/ v
dawkować dozować
to administer a dose

dosh /dɒʃ/ n
hajs
slang: money

dossier /ˈdɒs.i.eɪ/ /ˈdɔs.jeɪ/ n
dossier akta
a collection of papers and/or other sources

dot /dɑt/ /dɒt/ n
kropka przecinek
decimal point
kropka
dot in URL's or email addresses
punctuation mark
morse code symbol
diacritical mark
kropka punkt
small spot or mark

dot the i's and cross the t's /ˈdɑt ði ˌaɪz ən(d) ˈkɹɔs ðə ˌtiz/ /ˈdɒt ði ˌaɪz ən(d) ˈkɹɒs ðə ˌtiːz/ /ˈdɔt ðɘ ˌɒez ɘn(d) ˈkɹɔs ðɘ ˌtɘjz/ v
dopiąć na ostatni guzik
Take care of every detail

double /ˈdʌb.əl/ adj
dwumiejscowy dwuosobowy
Designed for two users
dwojaki podwójny
having two aspects; ambiguous
podwójny
made up of two matching or complementary elements
podwójny podwojony
twice the quantity

double /ˈdʌb.əl/ n
dublet
Redundant duplicate in a set
sobowtór
a person resembling or standing for another
dwukrotność
twice the number or size etc

double /ˈdʌb.əl/ v
dublować zastąpić zastępować zdublować
to act as substitute
podwajać się podwoić się
to increase by 100%
podwajać dublować podwoić zdublować
to multiply by two

double Dutch n
chińszczyzna
incomprehensible language

double act n
duet
comic pairing

double agent n
podwójny agent
spy

double bass /ˈdʌ.bl̩beɪs/ n
kontrabas
largest instrument of violin family

double life /ˈdʌb(ə)l ˌlaɪf/ n
podwójne życie
existence or life that has two aspects, particularly when one of them is regarded as embarrassing, immoral, or unlawful and thus kept hidden from a person's family, friends, and work colleagues

double penetration n
na dwa baty podwójna penetracja
The simultaneous penetration of one or more orifices of one person by two other people

double room n
pokój dwuosobowy
hotel room with two beds or one double bed

double sheet bend n
węzeł bramszotowy
knot

double-barrelled shotgun n
dubeltówka dwururka
type of shot-firing gun

double-blind test n
podwójnie ślepa próba
form of scientific testing

double-decker n
piętrus pojazd piętrowy
bus with two decks

double-decker bus n
piętrowy autobus
bus that has two levels of seating

double-digit adj
dwucyfrowy
between 10 and 99 inclusive

double-edged adj
obosieczny
a blade that is sharp on both edges
figuratively: possibly dangerous, ambiguous

double-edged sword n
miecz obosieczny
idiomatic

double-u n
wu
name of the letter W, w

doubles n
debel
a game between pairs of players

doublethink n
dwójmyślenie
The power of holding two contradictory beliefs

doubloon /dʌˈbluːn/ n
dublon
former Spanish gold coin

doubt /daʊt/ /dʌʊt/ n
wątpliwość
uncertainty

doubt /daʊt/ /dʌʊt/ v
wątpić
to lack confidence in something

doubting Thomas n
niewierny Tomasz
one who requires proof

doubtless /ˈdaʊ̯tləs/ /ˈdʌʊ̯tləs/ adj
bez wątpliwości
characterized by no doubt

dough /doʊ/ /dəʊ/ /dʌf/ n
ciasto
mix of flour and other ingredients
forsa
money (slang)

doughnut /ˈdoʊnət/ /ˈdəʊˌnʌt/ n
pączek oponka
deep-fried piece of dough or batter

dour /ˈdʊə/ /ˈdʊɹ/ adj
ponury
expressing gloom or melancholy
srogi
stern, harsh and forbidding

dove /doʊv/ /dəʊv/ /dʌv/ n
gołąb
bird of the family Columbidae

dovecote /ˈdʌv.kɑt/ /ˈdʌv.kɒt/ n
gołębnik
house or box in which domestic pigeons breed

dovelet n
gołębię
a baby dove

doveling n
gołębię
a baby dove

down /daʊn/ adv
w dół na dół
from a high to a low position, downwards
na dole
in a lower position

down /daʊn/ n
puch
soft, immature feathers

down in the dumps adj
zdołowany
sad

down with interjection
precz z
away with
expressing disapproval of or encouraging actions against

downburst n
nawałnica szkwał
air current

downfall n
upadek
precipitous decline in fortune; death or rapid deterioration, as in status or wealth

download /ˈdaʊnˌloʊd/ /ˈdaʊnˌləʊd/ /ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/ n
pobieranie
file transfer to the local computer

download /ˈdaʊnˌloʊd/ /ˈdaʊnˌləʊd/ /ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/ v
ściągać pobrać pobierać ściągnąć
to transfer data from a remote computer to a local one

downplay v
bagatelizować
to de-emphasize; to present or portray something as less important or consequential

downpour /ˈdaʊn.pɔː(ɹ)/ n
ulewa
heavy rain

downspout n
rura spustowa
vertical pipe or conduit

downstairs /daʊnˈstɛəz/ /daʊnˈstɛɹz/ adv
na dole na dół
downstairs (adverb)

downvote /ˈdaʊnˌvoʊt/ /ˈdaʊnˌvəʊt/ n
negatywna ocena łapka w dół
instance of downvoting

downvote /ˈdaʊnˌvoʊt/ /ˈdaʊnˌvəʊt/ v
oceniać negatywnie
assert a vote against

dowry /ˈdaʊəɹi/ /ˈdaʊɹi/ n
posag wiano
property or payment given at time of marriage

dowser /ˈdæʊzə/ n
radiesteta radiestetka różdżkarka różdżkarz
one who uses the dowser or divining rod

doxology /dɑkˈsɑlədʒi/ /dɒkˈsɒlədʒi/ n
doksologia
expression of praise to God, especially a short hymn

doze v
drzemać podrzemać
to sleep lightly or briefly

dozen /ˈdʌzn̩/ n
dziesiątki kilkadziesiąt tuziny
dozens: a large number
tuzin
twelve

dozy adj
śpiący
sleepy

draft /dɹæft/ /dɹɑːft/ adj
beczkowy z kija
Referring to drinks on tap

draft /dɹæft/ /dɹɑːft/ n
łyk
amount of liquid that is drunk in one swallow
pobór
conscription
przeciąg cug
current of air
zanurzenie
depth of water needed to float ship
ciąg cug
draw through a flue
szkic zarys
early version of a written work
trata
order for money to be paid
szkic
preliminary sketch

draft /dɹæft/ /dɹɑːft/ v
powołać
to conscript a person
pisać
to write a law

drag /dɹæɡ/ n
rozczarowanie
someone or something that is disappointing

drag /dɹæɡ/ v
wlec się
to move slowly
wlec
to pull along a surface

drag queen n
drag queen
male who dresses up in women's clothing

dragline excavator /ˈdɹæɡlaɪn ˈɛkskəˌveɪtə/ /ˈdɹæɡlaɪn ˈɛkskəˌveɪtɚ/ n
koparka zgarniakowa
any of several very large vehicles used for lifting

dragon /ˈdɹæɡən/ n
smok
mythical creature
smoczyca smok
pejorative: unpleasant woman

dragon fruit /ˈdɹæɡ.ən ˌfɹuːt/ n
pitaja smoczy owoc
fruit

dragonfly /ˈdɹæɡənˌflaɪ/ n
ważka
insect of the infraorder Anisoptera

dragoon /dɹəˈɡuːn/ n
dragon
horse soldier

dragée /dɹæˈʒeɪ/ n
draża drażetka
a sweet or confection, originally used to administer drugs, medicine, etc.

drain /dɹeɪn/ n
dren
(electronics) name of one terminal of a transistor

drain /dɹeɪn/ v
osuszyć
dry out a wet place

drainage basin n
dorzecze
topographic region in which all water drains to a common outlet

draisine n
drezyna
light auxiliary rail vehicle

drake n
kaczor
male duck

drama /ˈdɹæmə/ /ˈdɹɑmə/ /ˈdɹɑːmə/ n
dramat
composition
theatrical plays
brought through the media
dramatic situation

dramatic /dɹəˈmætɪk/ adj
dramatyczny
of or relating to the drama

dramatically adv
dramatycznie
in a dramatic manner

dramatize v
dramatyzować
to present something in a dramatic or melodramatic manner

drastic /ˈdɹæs.tɪk/ /ˈdɹɑːs.tɪk/ adj
drastyczny
extreme, severe

draughts /dɹæfts/ /dɹɑːfts/ n
warcaby
game for two players

draw /dɹɑ/ /dɹɔ/ /dɹɔː/ n
losowanie
procedure by which the result of a lottery is determined
remis
tie as a result of a game

draw /dɹɑ/ /dɹɔ/ /dɹɔː/ v
pociągać
to attract
zasuwać
to close curtains etc.
wyciągać wniosek
to deduce or infer
ciągnąć los
to determine the result of a lottery
remisować
to end a game with neither side winning
rysować narysować
to produce a picture
wyrywać wyciągać
to pull out
polegać
to rely on

draw up v
sporządzić
to compose a document

drawback /ˈdɹɔːˌbæk/ n
wada
a disadvantage

drawbridge /ˈdɹɔːbɹɪdʒ/ n
most zwodzony
bridge which can be raised

drawer /dɹɔɹ/ /dɹɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹɑ.ɚ/ /ˈdɹɔ.ɚ/ /ˈdɹɔː.ə(ɹ)/ n
szuflada
open-topped box in a cabinet used for storing
rysownik
one who draws something

drawing /ˈdɹɑ.ɪŋ(ɡ)/ /ˈdɹɔ.(w)ɪŋ(ɡ)/ /ˈdɹɔɹɪŋ(ɡ)/ n
rysunek
picture, likeness, diagram or representation
graphic art form

drawing board /ˈdʒɹɔɪŋ bɔːd/ /ˈdʒɹɔɪŋ bɔːɹd/ n
deska kreślarska
plane surface or table to which paper can be fastened for drawing purposes

drawing knife n
ośnik
a tool for woodworking

dreaded /ˈdɹɛdɪd/ adj
straszny
Causing fear, dread or terror

dreadnought n
drednot
battleship

dream /dɹim/ /dɹiːm/ n
marzenie sen
hope or wish
sen sny
imaginary events seen while sleeping

dream /dɹim/ /dɹiːm/ v
śnić marzyć
see imaginary events while sleeping
marzyć śnić
to hope, to wish

dream up v
wyśnić zmyślić
have an imaginative, unusual or foolish idea, invent something unreal

dreamcatcher n
łapacz snów
decorative Native American object

dreamer /ˈdɹimɚ/ /ˈdɹiːmə/ n
marzyciel
one who dreams
someone whose beliefs are far from realistic

dreamlike adj
oniryczny
like something from a dream

dreg /dɹɛɡ/ n
osad
sediment in a liquid

dregs /dɹɛɡz/ n
fusy
settled sediment

dress /dɹɛs/ n
strój ubiór
apparel
suknia sukienka
item of clothing worn by a woman

dress /dɹɛs/ v
ubierać
to clothe (something or somebody)
to clothe oneself

dress up v
przebierać się przebrać się

dressage /ˈdɹɛs.ɑːʒ/ n
ujeżdżenie
horse sport

dresser /ˈdɹɛsə/ n
kredens
kitchen furniture

dressing /ˈdɹɛsɪŋ/ n
opatrunek
material applied to a wound

dressing gown /ˈdɹɛsɪŋ ɡaʊn/ n
szlafrok podomka
item of clothing

dressing table n
toaletka
low table equipped with mirror for dressing and makeup

dressmaker /ˈdɹɛsˌmeɪkɚ/ n
krawcowa
person who makes women's clothes

dried fruit n
bakalie
small fruit that have been preserved by drying

drift /dɹɪft/ n
dryft
act or motion of drifting
zaspa
mass of matter which has been driven or forced onward together in a body, or thrown together in a heap, etc.

drift /dɹɪft/ v
dryfować
to move slowly, pushed by currents of water, air, etc

drill /dɹɪl/ n
wiertło
driving part of a drill
wiertarka wiertło
tool
drelich
cotton fabric

drill /dɹɪl/ v
wiercić borować świdrować
to make a hole
musztrować ćwiczyć
to practice

drink /dɹɪŋk/ n
picie pić
action of drinking
trunki
alcoholic beverages in general
drink napój
served alcoholic beverage
napój pić
served beverage
napój
type of beverage

drink /dɹɪŋk/ v
pić chlać alkoholizować się ciągnąć golić grzać
consume alcoholic beverages
pić
consume liquid through the mouth

drink like a fish v
pić jak szewc
drink alcohol heavily

drinking horn n
róg do picia
drinking vessel fashioned from an animal's horn

drinking straw n
słomka
a long plastic or paper tube through which a drink is drunk

drinking water n
woda do picia
water for humans

drinking-bout n
ciąg
period of drinking

drip /dɹɪp/ n
kropla
a drop of a liquid
kroplówka
an apparatus that slowly releases a liquid

drip /dɹɪp/ v
kapać
to fall one drop at a time
ciec przeciekać
to leak slowly
nakapać
to put a small amount of a liquid on something, drop by drop

drivable /ˈdɹaɪvəbl̩/ adj
przejezdny
capable of being driven on (road)

drive /dɹaɪv/ [d͡ʒɹaɪv] n
napęd stacja dysków
computing: apparatus for reading and writing to or from a storage device
napęd stacja
computing: mass-storage device
przejażdżka
trip made in a motor vehicle

drive /dɹaɪv/ [d͡ʒɹaɪv] v
gnać
herd (animals) in a particular direction
wbijać wbić
move something by hitting it with great force
prowadzić kierować
operate (a wheeled motorized vehicle)

drivel /dɹɪv.əl/ n
bełkot
senseless talk

driver /ˈdɹaɪ.və(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹaɪvɚ/ n
kierowca szofer
person who drives a motorized vehicle, such as a car or a bus
sterownik
program acting as interface between an application and hardware

driver's license n
prawo jazdy
documenting permitting a person to drive

driveway n
podjazd do domu
short private road that leads to a house or garage

driving /ˈdɹaɪvɪŋ/ n
jazda
action of operating a motor vehicle

driving school n
nauka jazdy szkoła nauki jazdy
institution where people learn to drive

drizzle /ˈdɹɪz.l/ n
mżawka
light rain
(physics, weather) numerous small and uniformly dispersed water drops

drizzle /ˈdɹɪz.l/ v
skropić
to pour slowly and evenly
mżyć
to rain lightly
sikać
to urinate

dromedary /ˈdɹɑməˌdeɹɪ/ /ˈdɹɒmɪdəɹi/ n
dromader wielbłąd jednogarbny
single-humped camel

drone /dɹoʊn/ /dɹəʊn/ n
truteń
male bee
dron samolot bezzałogowy
unmanned aircraft
brzęczeć buczeć
a low-pitched hum or buzz
burdon bąk piszczałka burdonowa
fixed-pitch pipe in bagpipe
brzęczenie buczenie
hum or buzz

drone /dɹoʊn/ /dɹəʊn/ v
mówić monotonnie
to speak in a monotone way

drool /dɹuːl/ v
ślinić się
secrete saliva

drop /dɹɑp/ /dɹɒp/ n
upadek
a fall
zrzut
place where items may be left
kropla
small mass of liquid
dropsy
small, round piece of hard candy
spadek obniżenie
space into which someone or something could fall

drop /dɹɑp/ /dɹɒp/ v
wrzucić zapodać zarzucić
slang: to swallow a drug
upuszczać
to allow to fall from one's grasp
tracić na wartości
to decrease in value
odwołać usuwać wyrzucać
to eject, remove, dismiss
upadać
to fall
spadać spaść upaść
to fall straight down
padnąć
to lower oneself quickly to the ground

drop in the bucket n
kropla w morzu
an effort or action having very little influence, especially as compared to a huge problem

droplet /ˈdɹɑːplət/ /ˈdɹɒplət/ n
kropelka
very small drop

dropsy n
puchlina puchlina wodna
swelling

droshky /ˈdɹɒʃki/ n
dorożka
open horse-drawn carriage, especially in Russia

drought /dɹaʊt/ [dɹʌʊt] n
susza
period of unusually low rain fall

drought-tolerant adj
suszoodporny
able to survive long periods of time without rain

drown /dɹaʊn/ v
tonąć utonąć
to be suffocated in fluid
utopić
to deprive of life by immerson in liquid

drown one's sorrows v
topić smutki
to drink alcohol heavily to deal with miserable feelings

drowsy /ˈdɹaʊzi/ adj
senny ospały
inclined to drowse

drudgery /ˈdɹʌdʒəɹi/ n
harówka
tedious work

drug /dɹʌɡ/ n
narkotyk
psychoactive substance ingested for recreational use, especially illegal and addictive one

drug /dɹʌɡ/ v
narkotyzować się naćpać się ćpać
to administer intoxicating drugs

drug addict n
narkoman narkomanka
person with a chemical or psychological dependency on drugs

drug addiction n
narkomania
dependency on illegal drugs

druid /ˈdɹuː.ɪd/ n
druid druidka
an order of priests

drum /ˈdɹʌm/ n
beczka
barrel etc. for liquid
bęben
musical instrument
hollow, cylindrical object

drum /ˈdɹʌm/ v
bębnić
to beat a drum

drum and bass n
drum and bass
genre of electronic music

drum kit n
perkusja
collection of drums and other percussion instruments played together

drumhead court-martial n
sąd polowy sąd wojenny
field court-martial

drummer /ˈdɹʌmə(ɹ)/ /ˈdɹʌmɚ/ n
perkusista
one who plays the drums

drumstick n
nóżka
leg bone of a chicken or other fowl
pałeczki pałki
stick used to play drums

drunk /dɹʌŋk/ adj
pijany napity podpity przepity spity upity
intoxicated after drinking too much alcohol

drunk /dɹʌŋk/ n
pijaczka pijak
habitual drinker

drunk as a cunt adj
najebany najebany w cztery dupy pijany w dupę
extremely drunk

drunk as a skunk adj
nawalony jak Messerschmitt nawalony jak autobus nawalony jak stodoła pijany jak bela pijany jak szewc pijany jak świnia

drunk tank n
izba wytrzeźwień
cell where drunken people are detained until they are sober

drunkenness n
pijaństwo
state of being drunk

dry /dɹaɪ/ adj
suchy
free from liquid or moisture
maintaining temperance

dry /dɹaɪ/ v
schnąć wyschnąć wysychać
to become dry
suszyć osuszać wysuszyć
to make dry

dry cough n
kaszel suchy
coughing without expectoration

dry ice n
suchy lód
carbon dioxide frozen in the solid state

dry mouth n
kserostomia
dry mouth

dryad /ˈdɹaɪəd/ n
driada
female tree spirit

drydock n
suchy dok
dock that can be drained of water

dryer n
suszarka
household appliance for drying clothing

drypoint n
sucha igła
a technique of intaglio printmaking

dual /ˈd(j)uː.əl/ /ˈdjuː.əl/ adj
podwójny
double
podwójny dwoisty
having two components
podwójna
in grammar

dual /ˈd(j)uː.əl/ /ˈdjuː.əl/ n
liczba podwójna
grammatical number of a noun marking two of something

dual number n
liczba dualna
element of the algebra of dual numbers

duality /d(j)uːˈælɪti/ n
dualność dwoistość
classification into two subclasses or opposed parts
dualność
mathematical equivalence of two seemingly different theoretical descriptions of a physical system

dub /dʌb/ v
dubbingować zdubbingować
to replace soundtrack of a film with translation

dubbing /ˈdʌbɪŋ/ n
dubbing
replacement of voice

dubious /ˈdjuːbi.əs/ /ˈdu.bi.əs/ adj
niepewny nieprzekonany
in disbelief, uncertain

dubiously adv
wątpliwie
in a dubious manner

dubnium /ˈduːbniəm/ /ˈdʌbniəm/ n
dubn
chemical element

dubstep /ˈdʌbstɛp/ n
dubstep
A genre of electronic music

duchess /ˈdʌtʃ.əs/ n
księżna
female ruler of a duchy
female spouse or widow of a duke

duchy /ˈdʌtʃi/ n
księstwo
a dominion or region ruled by a duke or duchess

duck /dʌk/ n
kaczka
aquatic bird of the family Anatidae
flesh of a duck used as food
female duck

duckling /ˈdʌklɪŋ/ n
kaczątko kaczę
young duck

duckweed n
rzęsa
plant

dude /d(j)uːd/ /duːd/ n
facet chłop facio gostek gościara gościu
colloquial: man
chłop koleś koleżka stary typek ziomek
colloquial: term of address for a young man

duduk n
duduk
Armenian musical instrument

due /djuː/ /du/ /dʒʉː/ adj
spodziewany
of an event, scheduled, expected
należny
owed or owing, to be paid by the stated time

due date n
data zwrotu
date by which a book borrowed from a library must be returned
termin termin porodu
expected date of giving birth

due to preposition
z powodu
caused by

duel /ˈd(j)uəl/ /ˈdjuːəl/ n
pojedynek
combat between two persons
struggle between two parties

duet n
duet
a musical composition for two performers

duffel coat n
budrysówka
hooded coat made from duffel

duh /dɜː/ /dʌ/ interjection
no ba
Disdainful indication that something is obvious.

duke /d(j)uːk/ /djuːk/ n
książę
male ruler of a duchy

dulce de leche /ˌdulseɪ də ˈlɛtʃeɪ/ n
kajmak
sweet dairy spread

dulcimer /ˈdʌl.sɪ.mə/ /ˈdʌl.sɪ.mɚ/ n
cymbały
musical instrument

dull /dʌl/ adj
nudny
boring
tępy
lacking the ability to cut easily; not sharp
tępy tępa tępe
not bright or intelligent
matowy
not shiny

dull /dʌl/ v
stępić się
to become dull
stępić
to render dull

dullard /ˈdʌləd/ /ˈdʌlɚd/ n
ciemniak głupek nudziarz tępak
A stupid person; a fool

dulse /dʌls/ n
rodymeria palczasta
reddish brown seaweed that is eaten

duly /ˈdjuːli/ /ˈduli/ /ˈdʒʉːli/ adv
należycie
properly

duma /ˈdumə/ n
Duma
lower house of Russian national parliament

dumb /dʌm/ adj
debilny bezmyślny durny idiotyczny pustogłowy tępy
extremely stupid

dumb blonde n
głupia blondynka
female

dumbbell /ˈdʌm.bɛl/ n
głupek tuman
a stupid person
ciężarek hantel
a weight with two disks attached to a short bar

dummy /ˈdʌmi/ n
dziadek
(bridge) the partner of the winning bidder, who shows his or her hand.
atrapa
a deliberately nonfunctional placeholder
głupek
an unintelligent person
kukła manekin
something constructed with the size and form of a human

dump /dʌmp/ n
śmietnik
a place where waste or garbage is left

dump /dʌmp/ v
pozbyć się
to discard, to get rid of
rzucić zerwać
to end a relationship
upuścić
to release

dump truck n
wywrotka
heavy truck for carrying loose, bulk cargo

dumpling /ˈdʌmplɪŋ/ n
pieróg
food

dun /dʌn/ adj
płowy
of a brownish grey colour

dunce /dʌns/ n
nieuk
One backward in book learning

dune /djuːn/ /duːn/ n
wydma diuna
a ridge or hill of sand piled up by the wind

dung /ˈdʌŋ/ n
gnój nawóz
manure

dungeon /ˈdʌn.dʒən/ n
donżon
the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon
loch ciemnica
underground prison or vault

dunnart n
grubogonik
marsupial of the genus Sminthopsis

duodenum /ˌdjuːə(ʊ)ˈdiːnəm/ /ˌduəˈdinəm/ n
dwunastnica
first part of the small intestine

duotheism n
duoteizm
belief

duotheist n
duoteista

dupe /djuːp/ v
oszukiwać
to swindle, deceive, or trick

duplicate /ˈdjuː.plɪ.kət/ /ˈdjuː.plɪˌkeɪt/ n
duplikat
an identical copy

duplicitous /djʊˈplɪsɪtəs/ /duːˈplɪsətəs/ adj
dwulicowy
Given to or marked by deliberate deceptiveness in behavior or speech

duplicity n
dwulicowość
intentional deceptiveness

dura mater n
opona twarda
anatomy: outermost layer of the meninges

durability n
czas życia żywotność
Permanence by virtue of the power to resist stress or force

duration /djʊˈɹeɪʃn̩/ /dəˈɹeɪʃn̩/ n
czas trwania
amount of time

durian n
durian zybuczkowiec
fruit

during /ˈdjʊəɹɪŋ/ /ˈdʊəɹɪŋ/ preposition
podczas
within a given time interval
for all of a given time interval

dusk /dʌsk/ n
zmierzch
period of time at the end of day when sun is below the horizon but before full onset of night

dusky tit n
sikora ciemna
Melaniparus funereus

dust /dʌst/ n
kurz pył
fine, dry particles

dust bunny /ˈdʌst bʌni/ n
kłaki kurzu
a small clump of dust

dust devil n
trąba pyłowa
a swirling dust in the air

dustpan /ˈdʌstpæn/ n
szufelka śmietniczka
flat scoop for assembling dust

dustproof adj
pyłoszczelny
resistent to dust

dusty /ˈdʌsti/ adj
zakurzony
covered with dust
zgaszony złamany
grey in parts
pylisty
powdery and resembling dust

dutiful adj
odpowiedzialny
accepting of one's obligations

duty /duːti/ /ˈdjuːti/ n
służba
period of time
cło
tax; tariff
obowiązek
that which one is morally or legally obligated to do

duty-free adj
bezcłowy wolnocłowy
exempt from duty, especially customs

duvet /ˈduːveɪ/ n
kołdra pierzyna
quilt

dwarf /dwɔː(ɹ)f/ adj
karłowaty
miniature

dwarf /dwɔː(ɹ)f/ n
karzeł krasnolud krasnoludek
being from folklore, underground dwelling nature spirit
karzeł
small person
something much smaller than the usual of its sort
astronomy: relatively small star

dwarf elder n
bez hebd
Sambucus ebulus

dwarf planet n
planeta karłowata
a type of celestial body

dwarfism n
karłowatość
condition of being a dwarf

dwell /dwɛl/ v
mieszkać zamieszkiwać
live, reside

dwelling /ˈdwɛ.lɪŋ/ n
mieszkanie
house or place in which a person lives

dwindle /ˈdwɪn.dəl/ v
umniejszać
(intransitive) to decrease, shrink, vanish

dyad /ˈdaɪ.æd/ n
diada para
set of two different elements

dye /daɪ/ n
barwnik farba
a colourant, especially one that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is applied

dye /daɪ/ v
barwić farbować
to colour with dye

dyed /daɪd/ adj
barwiony farbowany
colored with dye

dyer /ˈdaɪə/ /ˈdaɪɚ/ n
farbiarka farbiarz
one whose occupation is to dye

dyery n
farbiarnia
factory where fabric is dyed

dyestuff n
barwnik
soluble pigment

dying /ˈdaɪ.ɪŋ/ adj
umierający
approaching death

dyke /daɪk/ n
lesba

dynamic IP address n
dynamiczne IP dynamiczny adres IP
An IP address which changes periodically

dynamic IP addressing n
dynamiczne adresowanie IP
The state of using a dynamic IP address

dynamics n
dynamika
branch of mechanics

dynamite /ˈdaɪnəmaɪt/ n
dynamit
class of explosives

dyscalculia /ˌdɪskælˈkjuːli.ə/ n
dyskalkulia dyskalkulia rozwojowa
pathology: difficulty with numbers

dysgraphia n
dysgrafia
language disorder

dyslexia /dɪsˈlɛksi.ə/ n
dysleksja
learning disability

dyspeptic /dɪsˈpɛp.tɪk/ adj
nieznośny
irritable or morose
dyspeptyczny niestrawny
of, relating to, or having dyspepsia

dyspeptic /dɪsˈpɛp.tɪk/ n
cierpiący na niestrawność dyspeptyk
A dyspeptic person

dysphagia n
dysfagia
difficulty in swallowing

dysphemism /ˈdɪs.fəˌmɪ.z(ə)m/ n
dysfemizm
word or phrase used to replace another in this way

dysphoria /dɪsˈfɔːɹi.ə/ n
dysforia
state of feeling unwell, unhappy, restless or depressed

dysphoric adj
dysforyczny
pertaining to, or in a state of dysphoria

dysprosium /dɪsˈpɹoʊziəm/ n
dysproz
chemical element

dystrophy n
dystrofia
dystrophy

dzhigit n
dżygit
a brave equestrian in the Caucasus and Central Asia

décolletage /dɪˈkɒlətɑːʒ/ n
dekolt głęboki dekolt
low neckline

e pluribus unum proverb
z wielu jeden
e pluribus unum - a United States' motto

e-book n
e-book e-książka eBook ebook książka elektroniczna
electronic book

e-mail address n
adres poczty elektronicznej adres mailowy adres mejlowy
unique identifier

e-reader n
czytnik e-booków czytnik e-książek czytnik ebooków czytnik książek elektronicznych e-czytnik
device

e.g. /ˌiˈdʒi/ /ˌiːˈdʒiː/ adv
np.
abbreviation for “for example”

each /it͡ʃ/ /iːt͡ʃ/ determiner
każdy
every
każde
per

each and every determiner
wszyscy bez wyjątku wszystkie bez wyjątku
each without exception

each other /iˈtʃʌðɚ/ /iːˈtʃʌðə/ pronoun
nawzajem
to one another; one to the other

eager /ˈiɡɚ/ /ˈiːɡə/ adj
gorliwy
excited by desire in the pursuit of any object

eagle /ˈiːɡəl/ n
dziesięciodolarówka
a gold coin with a face value of $10.00
orzeł bielik
any of several large carnivorous birds in the family Accipitridae

eagle owl /ˈiːɡəl ˈɑʊl/ n
puchacz
large owl of genus Bubo

eaglet n
orlątko orlę
an eagle chick

ear /ɪə̯/ /ɪɹ/ n
ucho
organ of hearing
konfident szpicel
slang: police informant
kłos
fruiting body of a grain plant

ear /ɪə̯/ /ɪɹ/ v
orać
archaic: to plough

ear lobe n
małżowina
a part of the ear

earache /ˈiɹeɪk/ /ˈɪə̯ɹeɪk/ n
ból ucha otalgia
pain in the ear

earcap n
nausznik
A cap or cover to protect the ear from cold

eardrum /ˈiɚˌdɹʌm/ /ˈɪəˌdɹʌm/ n
błona bębenkowa
membrane separating outer and middle ears

earlier /ˈɜː.lɪə/ /ˈɝliɚ/ adj
wcześniej
comparative of early

early /ˈɜː.li/ /ˈɝli/ adj
wczesny
arriving at a time before expected
at a time in advance of the usual
wczesny początkowy
near the start or beginning

early /ˈɜː.li/ /ˈɝli/ adv
wcześnie
at a time before expected

early bird n
ranny ptaszek skowronek
one who wakes early

earmuff n
nausznik nauszniki
garment to keep the ears warm

earn /ɜːn/ /ɝn/ v
zasłużyć zarabiać
deserve
zarabiać zarobić
transitive: receive (money) for working
intransitive: receive money for working

earphone n
słuchawki
sound device held near the ear

earphones n
słuchawki
small speakers worn over the ears

earring /ˈɪəɹɪŋ/ /ˈɪɹɪŋ/ n
kolczyk
piece of jewelry

earth /ɜːθ/ /ɝθ/ n
uziemienie Ziemia
electrical connection
ziemia
one of the five basic elements
ziemia Ziemia
soil
any general rock-based material
one of the four basic elements

earth /ɜːθ/ /ɝθ/ v
uziemić
connect electrically to the earth
zakopać
to bury

earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ /ˈɝθkweɪk/ n
trzęsienie ziemi
shaking of the surface of a planet

earthworm n
dżdżownica
worm (animal)

earwax n
woskowina
waxy substance secreted by the ear

earwig n
skorek szczypawka zausznik
the insect

easel /ˈi.zəl/ /ˈiː.z(ə)l/ n
sztaluga
upright frame for displaying or supporting something

easement /ˈizmənt/ /ˈiːzm(ə)nt/ n
serwitut
legal right to use another person's property

east /iːst/ adj
wschodni
from the East
in or towards the east
meteorology: easterly
of or pertaining to the east

east /iːst/ adv
ku wschodowi na wschód
towards the east

east /iːst/ n
wschód
compass point

eastern /ˈiːstən/ adj
wschodni
related to the east
blowing from the east

eastward /ˈistwɚd/ /ˈiːstwəd/ adv
na wschód
towards the east

easy /ˈizi/ /ˈiːzi/ adj
łatwy łatwa
consenting readily to sex
łatwy prosty lekki
requiring little skill or effort

easy as pie adj
bułka z masłem
very easy

easy come, easy go /ˌiːzi ˈkʌm ˌiːzi ˈɡoʊ/ proverb
łatwo przyszło, łatwo poszło
easily won and easily lost; usually said when resigned to a loss

eat /it/ /iːt/ v
jeść zjeść żreć
to ingest

eat like a bird v
jeść jak ptaszek
to eat small amounts

eater /ˈiːtə/ /ˈiːtɚ/ n
zjadacz
one who eats

eatery /ˈiːtəɹi/ n
knajpa
a restaurant or café

eating disorder n
zaburzenia odżywiania
psychological disorder

eau de toilette /ˌəʊ də twɑːˈlɛt/ n
woda toaletowa
lightly scented perfume

eaves /iːvz/ n
okap
underside of a roof

eavesdrop /ˈivzˌdɹɑp/ /ˈiːvzˌdɹɒp/ v
podsłuchiwać podsłuchać
to hear a conversation one is not intended to hear

eavesdropper /ˈiːvzˌdɹɒpə(ɹ)/ n
podsłuchiwacz podsłuchiwaczka
one who eavesdrops

ebb /ɛb/ n
odpływ
low tide
receding movement of the tide

ebonite /ˈɛbəˌnaɪt/ n
ebonit
product of vulcanizing rubber with sulfur

ebony /ˈɛb.ən.i/ adj
hebanowy
deep, dark black colour
made of ebony wood

ebony /ˈɛb.ən.i/ n
heban
colour
wood
tree

ebullient /ɪˈbʊljənt/ adj
pobudzony
agitated
entuzjastyczny
enthusiastic

eccentric /ɛkˈsɛntɹɪk/ /ɪkˈsɛntɹɪk/ adj
ekscentryczny
deviating from the norm

eccentric /ɛkˈsɛntɹɪk/ /ɪkˈsɛntɹɪk/ n
ekscentryk mimośród
off-centre wheel
ekscentryk ekscentrycy ekscentryczka ekscentryczki
person who does not behave like others

eccentrically adv
ekscentrycznie
in an eccentric manner

eccentricity /ˌɛk.sɛnˈtɹɪs.ɪ.ti/ n
ekscentryczność mimośród
a ratio between distances in a conic section
ekscentryczność ekscentryzm
eccentric behaviour
ekscentryczność
the quality of being eccentric

ecclesiastical /əˈkliː.ziˌæ.stɪ.kəl/ /əˌkli.ziˈæ.stə.kəl/ adj
eklezjalny kościelny
pertaining to the church

ecclesiology n
eklezjologia
branch of theology

ecdysiast /ɛkˈdɪz.i.æst/ n
striptizer striptizerka
stripper

echelon /ˈɛʃəlɒn/ /ˈɛʃəˌlɑn/ n
eszelon
(military) formation of troops

echidna /əˈkɪdnə/ n
kolczatka
any of the four species of small spined monotremes

echo /ˈɛkoʊ/ /ˈɛkəʊ/ n
echo
reflected sound

echo chamber n
kółko wzajemnej adoracji
(derogatory) communication space which refuses the input of outsiders

echolalia /ˌɛkoʊˈleɪliə/ /ˌɛkə(ʊ)ˈleɪlɪə/ n
echolalia
echoing of words or phrases

echolocation /ˌɛkoʊloʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
echolokacja
use of echos to detect objects

eclectic /ɛkˈlɛk.tɪk/ adj
eklektyczny
selecting a mixture of what appear to be best of various doctrines, methods or styles

eclipse /ɪˈklɪps/ n
zaćmienie
passage of a planetary object between others

ecliptic /ɪˈklɪp.tɪk/ n
ekliptyka
Earth's orbital plane

eco- /ˈiːkəʊ/ prefix
eko-
concerning ecology or the environment

ecofeminism n
ekofeminizm
a sociopolitical movement combining feminism and environmentalism

ecological /ˌiːkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/ adj
ekologiczny
relating to ecology

ecologically adv
ekologicznie
in an ecological manner

ecologist n
ekolog
A scientist who studies ecology

ecology /i.ˈkɑ.lə.dʒi/ /ɛˈkɒlədʒi/ /ɪˈkɒlədʒi/ n
ekologia
branch of biology

econometrics /ɪˌkɒnəˈmɛtrɪks/ n
ekonometria
branch of economics

economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ /ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk/ adj
ekonomiczny
cheap
pertaining to an economy
pertaining to the study of money

economically adv
ekonomicznie
in an economic or profitable manner

economics /ikəˈnɑmɪks/ /ˈikənɒmɪks/ n
ekonomika ekonomia
study

economist /iːˈkɑn.ə.mɪst/ /iːˈkɒn.ə.mɪst/ n
ekonomista ekonomistka
expert in economics

economy /iːˈkɑn.ə.mi/ /iːˈkɒn.ə.mi/ n
gospodarka
effective management of the resources of a community or system
ekonomia gospodarka
production and distribution and consumption

ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/ n
ekosystem
system of an ecological community and its environment

ecoterrorism n
ekoterroryzm
terrorism with an ecological motive

ecotone /ˈiːkətəʊn/ n
ekoton
a region of transition

ecstasy /ˈɛk.stə.si/ n
ekstaza
intense pleasure

ectoplasm /ˈɛktəˌplæzəm/ n
ektoplazma
parapsychology: visible substance believed to emanate from spiritualistic mediums

ecumenism n
ekumenizm
ecumenical doctrines and practices

ecumenopolis /ˌɛkjuːmɛˈnɒpəlɪs/ n
ekumenopolis
planet-wide city

eczema /ɪɡˈziː.mə/ /ˈɛk.sɪm.ə/ n
egzema wyprysk
acute or chronic inflammation of the skin

eddy /ˈɛd.i/ n
wir
air or water running in an opposite direction to the main current

edema /ɪˈdiː.mə/ n
obrzęk opuchlizna
excessive accumulation of serum in tissue

edge /ɛdʒ/ n
krawędź kraniec obrzeże rąbek skraj
boundary line of a surface
krawędź kant
in graph theory: any of the pairs of vertices in a graph
joining line between two vertices of a polygon
ostrze
thin cutting side of the blade of an instrument

edible /ˈɛdəbəl/ /ˈɛdɪbəl/ adj
jadalny
that can be eaten without harm; suitable for consumption

edict /ˈiː.dɪkt/ n
edykt dekret
proclamation of law

edifice /ˈɛd.ɪ.fɪs/ n
gmach
building

edit /ˈɛdɪt/ n
edycja
a change to the text of a document

edit /ˈɛdɪt/ v
edytować redagować
to change a text, or a document

editable adj
edytowalny
capable of being edited

edition /əˈdɪʃən/ /ɪˈdɪʃən/ n
wydanie
literary work
nakład
whole set of copies

editor /ˈɛdɪtə/ /ˈɛdɪtəɹ/ [ˈɛˑɾɪɾɚ] n
redaktor
person who edits
edytor edytor tekstu
program for modifying text files
montażysta montażystka
someone who manipulates video footage and assembles it into the correct order

education /ˌɛd͡ʒʊˈkeɪʃn̩/ n
wykształcenie edukacja
facts, skills and ideas that have been learned, either formally or informally
edukacja kształcenie oświata
process or art of imparting knowledge, skill and judgment

educative adj
wychowawczy
educational

eel /iːl/ n
węgorz węgorzokształtne
any fish of the order Anguilliformes

eeny, meeny, miny, moe n
entliczek pentliczek czerwony stoliczek na kogo wypadnie na tego bec
similar children's counting-out games in other languages

effect /iˈfɛkt/ /əˈfɛkt/ /ɪˈfɛkt/ n
efekt rezultat wynik
result of an action

effective /əˈfɛktɪv/ /ɪˈfɛktɪv/ adj
efektywny
having the power to produce a required effect or effects

effectivity n
efektywność skuteczność
a measure of the effectiveness of something
the ability or power to be effective

effeminacy n
zniewieściałość
the quality of being effeminate

effeminate /ɪˈfɛmɪneɪt/ /ɪˈfɛmɪnət/ adj
zniewieściały zbabiały wydelikacony
of a man, behaving like a woman

efficacy /ˈɛf.ɪ.kə.si/ n
efektywność skuteczność
ability to produce effect

efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃn̩si/ n
sprawność
extent to which a resource is used for the intended purpose
efektywność
extent to which time is well used

effigy /ˈɛfədʒi/ n
kukła
dummy or other crude representation

effort /ˈɛfət/ /ˈɛfɚt/ n
wysiłek staranie
the amount of work involved in achieving something

effulgent /ɪˈfʌldʒ(ə)nt/ /ɪˈfʌldʒənt/ adj
promienisty promienny
radiant, resplendent, shining

egalitarianism n
egalitaryzm
political doctrine of universal equality

egest /iːˈdʒɛst/ v
wydalać
to excrete from the body

egg /eɪɡ/ /ɛɡ/ n
jajko jajo
body housing an embryo
egg of domestic fowl as food item
komórka jajowa
ovum

egghead n
łysol
pejorative: bald person
jajogłowy
pejorative: intellectual

eggnog /ˈɛɡ.nɑɡ/ /ˌɛɡˈnɒɡ/ n
kogel-mogel
alcoholic beverage

eggplant n
bakłażan oberżyna
edible fruit
plant

eggshell /ˈɛɡʃɛl/ n
skorupka jajka
object

ego /ˈiɡoʊ/ /ˈiːɡəʊ/ n
ego
psychoanalytic ego

egocentric adj
egocentryczny
egotistical

egocentric n
egocentryczka egocentryk
person who is egocentric

egocentrism n
egocentryzm
following ones egotistical desires

egocentrist n
egocentryczka egocentryk
an egocentric person

egoist n
egoista egoistka
advocate of egoism
self-centered or selfish person

egotism n
egotyzm
belief that one is superior

egregious /ɪˈɡɹiː.dʒəs/ adj
rażący
conspicuous, exceptional, conspicuous

egret /ˈi.ɡɹɪt/ n
czapla
Any of various wading birds of the genera Egretta or Ardea

eh /e/ /eɪ/ /ɛ/ interjection
co hę nie prawda
used as a tag question

eider /ˈaɪdə/ /ˈaɪdɚ/ n
edredon
duck of genus Somateria

eigenvalue /ˈaɪɡənˌvæljuː/ n
wartość własna
scalar multiplier of an eigenvector

eigenvector n
wektor własny
vector not rotated by linear transformation

eight /eɪt/ n
ósemka
Playing card with value 8
The digit/figure 8

eight /eɪt/ numeral
osiem ośmioro
cardinal number 8

eight hundred /ˈeɪt ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ numeral
osiemset
cardinal number 800

eight thousand n
osiem tysięcy
cardinal number

eight-thousander n
ośmiotysięcznik
a mountain extending more than 8000 metres above sea level

eighteen /ˈeɪ(t).tin/ /ˈeɪ.tiːn/ /ˌeɪ(t)ˈtin/ /ˌeɪˈtiːn/ numeral
osiemnaście osiemnaścioro
cardinal number

eighteenth /ˌeɪˈtiːnθ/ adj
osiemnasty
the ordinal form of the number eighteen

eighth /eɪtθ/ adj
ósmy
ordinal form of the number eight

eighties n
lata 80. lata osiemdziesiąte
the decade of the 1980s

eightieth /ˈeɪ.ti.əθ/ adj
osiemdziesiąty
ordinal form of the number eighty

eighty /ˈ(ʔ)eɪ̯ɾi/ /ˈeɪ.ti/ numeral
osiemdziesiąt
80

eighty-eight numeral
osiemdziesiąt osiem
88

eighty-five numeral
osiemdziesiąt pięć
the cardinal number 85

eighty-four numeral
osiemdziesiąt cztery
84

eighty-nine numeral
osiemdziesiąt dziewięć
89

eighty-one numeral
osiemdziesiąt jeden
81

eighty-seven numeral
osiemdziesiąt siedem
87

eighty-six numeral
osiemdziesiąt sześć
cardinal number 86

eighty-three numeral
osiemdziesiąt trzy
83

eighty-two numeral
osiemdziesiąt dwa
82

einstein n
einstein
one mole of photons

einsteinium /aɪnˈstaɪni.əm/ n
einstein
element with atomic number 99

either /ˈaɪð.ə(ɹ)/ adv
też nie
(after a negative) as well

either /ˈaɪð.ə(ɹ)/ conjunction
albo
albo ani
introduces the first of two options

either /ˈaɪð.ə(ɹ)/ determiner
oba
each of two

ejaculation /iˌdʒækjuˈleɪʃən/ n
ejakulacja wytrysk
ejection of semen through the urethra

eject /ɪˈdʒɛkt/ v
wysunąć wysuwać
to cause to come out of a machine
wysunąć się wysuwać się
to come out of a machine
wyrzucać wyrzucić
to compel to leave
katapultować się
to project oneself from an aircraft

ejector /ɪˈd͡ʒɛktɚ/ n
wyrzutnik
ejector

eke out v
dorabiać
supplement

elaborate /ɪˈlæbəɹeɪt/ /ɪˈlæbəɹət/ adj
drobiazgowy
detailed

elaborate /ɪˈlæbəɹeɪt/ /ɪˈlæbəɹət/ v
rozwinąć
to give further detail or explanation

elanid kite n
kaniuk
bird of the Elaninae subfamily

elapse v
upływać
(of time) to pass or move by

elastic band n
gumka
loop of rubber or similar material

elbow /ˈɛl.bəʊ/ /ˈɛɫ.boʊ/ n
łokieć
joint between upper arm and forearm
pipe fitting

elbow /ˈɛl.bəʊ/ /ˈɛɫ.boʊ/ v
uderzyć z łokcia
to push with the elbow

elder /ˈeldə/ /ˈɛldə/ /ˈɛldɚ/ adj
starszy
greater than another in age or seniority

elder /ˈeldə/ /ˈɛldə/ /ˈɛldɚ/ n
bez
Sambucus
Sambucus nigra

elderberry n
bez czarny
fruit

elecampane /ˌɛləkæmˈpeɪn/ /ˌɛlɪkamˈpeɪn/ n
oman wielki
Inula helenium

elect /ɪˈlɛkt/ v
wybierać
to choose in election
postanowić
to choose or make decision

election /ɪˈlekʃ(ə)n/ n
wybory
process of choosing a new leader or representatives

elector n
wyborca
person eligible to vote

electoral adj
wyborczy
of, or relating to elections

electoral district n
okręg wyborczy
district represented by one or more elected officials

electric /ɪˈlɛktɹɪk/ adj
elektryczny
electrical
electronic (musical instrument)

electric blanket n
koc elektryczny
type of blanket

electric chair n
krzesło elektryczne
device used for performing execution by electrocution

electric charge n
ładunek elektryczny
electric energy of a charged body

electric current n
prąd
measurement of the rate of flow of electric charge

electric fence n
elektryczny pastuc
electric fence

electric field n
pole elektryczne
region around a charged particle

electric guitar /ə.ˈlɛk.tɹɪk ɡɪ.ˈtɑːɹ/ n
gitara elektryczna
guitar which requires electronic amplification

electric motor n
silnik elektryczny
motor

electric multiple unit n
elektryczny zespół trakcyjny
multiple unit powered by electricity

electric vehicle n
pojazd elektryczny
vehicle that uses an electric motor as the means of propulsion

electrical tape n
taśma izolacyjna
plastic tape

electrician n
elektryk
tradesman who works with electrical equipment

electricity /əˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ /ˌiːlekˈtɹɪsɪti/ n
elektryczność
form of energy

electricity meter n
licznik energii elektrycznej licznik prądu
a device that measures the consumption of electricity

electrification n
elektryfikacja
the act of electrifying, or the state of being charged with electricity

electrocardiography n
elektrokardiografia
the science of preparation and diagnostic interpretation of electrocardiograms

electrochemical adj
elektrochemiczny
of or relating to a chemical reaction brought about by electricity
of or relating to electricity produced by a chemical reaction

electrochemical cell n
ogniwo elektrochemiczne
device

electrochemistry n
elektrochemia
chemistry pertaining to electricity

electrocution n
porażenie prądem
a severe electric shock

electrode /əˈlɛk.tɹəʊd/ n
elektroda
the terminal through which electric current passes

electroluminescence n
elektroluminescencja
generation of light by application of an alternating current or by electric discharge

electrolysis /ɪlɛkˈtɹɒləsɪs/ n
elektroliza
chemical change

electrolytic /ɨˌlɛk.tɹɵˈlɪ.tɪk/ adj
elektrolityczny

electromagnetic interaction n
oddziaływanie elektromagnetyczne
electromagnetic interaction

electromagnetic spectrum n
widmo fal elektromagnetycznych
electromagnetic spectrum

electromagnetism /ɪˌlɛk.tɹəʊˈmæɡ.nəˌtɪzm̩/ n
elektromagnetyzm
a fundamental force

electron /ɪˈlɛktɹɑn/ /ɪˈlɛktɹɒn/ n
elektron
the negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit atoms
an alloy

electron volt n
elektronowolt
a unit for measuring the energy of subatomic particles

electronegative adj
elektroujemny
tending to attract electrons

electronegativity n
elektroujemność
degree of electron attraction

electronic /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑn.ɪk/ /ˌɛl.ɛkˈtɹɒn.ɪk/ adj
elektroniczny
generated by electronic device
operating on behavior of electrons
elektronowy
pertaining to electrons

electronic cigarette /ɪˌlɛkˈtʃɹɑːnɪk ˈsɪɡɚˌɛt/ n
e-papieros papieros elektroniczny
electronic cigarette

electronics n
elektronika
(physics)

electropositive adj
elektrododatni
tending to release electrons

elegance /ˈɛl.ɪ.ɡəns/ n
elegancja
grace, refinement, and beauty in movement, appearance, or manners
restraint and grace in style

elegant /ˈɛl.ə.ɡənt/ adj
elegancki elegancka
exhibiting elegance

elegantly adv
elegancko
gracefully

elegiac /ˌɛləˈdʒaɪæk/ /ˌɛlɨˈdʒʌɪək/ adj
elegiacki elegijny
of or relating to an elegy

elegy /ˈɛlɪdʒi/ n
elegia
mournful or plaintive poem or song

element /ˈel.ɪ.mənt/ n
żywioł pierwiastek
alchemy: one of the four basic building blocks
pierwiastek składnik
chemistry: simplest chemical substance
element pierwiastek
set theory: object in a set
heating element
pierwiastek element
simplest or essential part or principle of anything
odrobina pierwiastek
something small

elemental n
żywiołak
fantastic creature

elementary /(ˌ)ɛlɪ̈ˈmɛnt(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˌɛlɪ̈ˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/ adj
elementarny
relating to a subatomic particle
podstawowy
relating to an elementary school
elementarny podstawowy
relating to the basic, essential or fundamental part of something

elementary particle n
cząstka elementarna
subatomic particle that does not consist of smaller particles

elephant /ˈɛləfənt/ n
słoń słonica
mammal

elephant dose n
końska dawka
large amount

elephant seal n
słoń morski
mammal of the genus Mirounga

elephant shrew n
ryjkonosowatych
Any member of the order Macroscelidea

elephantiasis /ˌɛlɪfənˈtaɪəsɪs/ n
słoniowacizna
disease

elevated railway n
kolej nadziemna
railway

eleven /ɪˈlɛv.ən/ numeral
jedenaście jedenaścioro
the cardinal number occurring after ten and before twelve

eleventh /ɨˈlɛv.nθ/ /ɪˈlɛv.nθ/ adj
jedenasty
ordinal form of eleven

elf /ɛlf/ n
elf
mythical, supernatural being

elflock n
kołtun
lock of hair that is tangled

elide /ɪˈlaɪd/ v
połączyć
to conflate
opuszczać opuścić pomijać pominąć
to leave out or omit

eligibility n
elekcyjność obieralność wybieralność
quality of being eligible

eligible /ˈɛlɪdʒəb(ə)l/ adj
gotowy
meeting the necessary requirements to participate; worthy of being chosen

eliminate /ɪˈlɪməneɪt/ v
eliminować likwidować wyeliminować zlikwidować
completely destroy

elision /ɪˈlɪ.ʒ(ə)n̩/ n
elizja
the omission of a letter or syllable

elite /ɪˈliːt/ adj
elita
of high birth or social position

elixir of life n
eliksir długowieczności eliksir życia
elixir that brings immortality

ellipse /ɪˈlɪps/ n
elipsa
curve

ellipsis /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ n
elipsa wyrzutnia
omission of word or phrase
wielokropek
typographic mark

elliptic adj
eliptyczny
relating to an ellipse or its mathematical definition

elliptical /ɪˈlɪp.tɪ.kəl/ /ɪˈlɪp.tɪk.əl/ adj
eliptyczny
oval
showing ellipsis

elm /ɛlm/ n
wiąz
tree of genus Ulmus

elope /ɨˈloʊp/ /ɪˈləʊp/ v
uciec
run away to get married
run away with a paramour

eloquence /ˈɛləkwəns/ n
elokwencja
the quality of artistry and persuasiveness in speech or writing

elucidate /əˈluː.sɪ.de͡ɪt/ v
wyjaśniać objaśniać
make clear

elusive /iˈluːsɪv/ /ɪˈluːsɪv/ adj
nieuchwytny
evading capture, comprehension or remembrance

elven /ˈɛlvən/ adj
elfi
of or having to do with elves

em dash n
pauza
typographical symbol '—'

emaciation n
wychudzenie
the state of being emaciated

email /ˈiːmeɪl/ n
adres mailowy adres mejlowy e-mail mail mejl
an e-mail address
e-mail mejl mail
message sent via email
e-mail mejl poczta elektroniczna
system

email /ɛˈmeɪl/ /ˈiːmeɪl/ v
mailować mejlować
to send an email or emails to

emanation /ˌɛməˈneɪʃən/ n
emanacja
act of flowing

emancipate /ɪˈmænsɪpeɪt/ v
emancypować wyemancypować
To set free from the power of another

emancipation /ɨˈmænsɨˌpeɪʃnˌ/ n
emancypacja wyzwolenie
act of setting free from the power of another

embankment n
wał przeciwpowodziowy
artificial mound of earth and stone

embargo /ɪmˈbɑɹɡoʊ/ /ɪmˈbɑːɡəʊ/ n
embargo
a ban on trade with another country
an order by the government prohibiting ships from leaving port
a temporary ban on making certain information public

embassy /ˈɛmbəsi/ n
ambasada
organization representing a foreign state

ember /ˈɛm.bəː/ /ˈɛm.bɚ/ n
żar
glowing piece of coal or wood

emberizid n
trznadel
bird of the family Emberizidae

embezzle /əmˈbɛzəl/ v
sprzeniewierzyć
to steal money that one has been trusted with

embezzlement /ˌɪmˈbɛzəlmənt/ n
defraudacja malwersacja sprzeniewierzenie
The fraudulent conversion of property from a property owner

emblem /ˈɛmbləm/ n
emblemat godło
representative symbol

embody v
ucieleśniać się wcielić się
represent in a physical form; to incarnate or personify

embolism n
zator
obstruction or occlusion of an artery by an embolus

embrace /ɛmˈbɹeɪs/ n
objęcie uścisk
act of putting arms around someone and bringing the person close to the chest

embrace /ɛmˈbɹeɪs/ v
objąć uściskać
to clasp (someone or each other) in the arms with affection
obejmować
to enfold, to include (ideas, principles, etc.)

embroider /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdə/ /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdɚ/ v
koloryzować
to add imaginary detail to a narrative
haftować
to stitch a decorative design on fabric with needle and thread

embroiderer n
hafciarz
person who embroiders

embroideress n
hafciarka
female embroiderer

embroidery /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdəɹi/ n
haft
ornamentation

embroil /ɪmˈbɹɔɪl/ v
uwikłać się
to draw into a situation

embryo /ˈɛmbɹi.oʊ/ /ˈɛmbɹi.əʊ/ n
embrion zarodek
fertilized egg before developing into a fetus
in humans: the cell growth up to the end of the seventh week in the mother's body

emcee /ˈemˈsiː/ v
emce
act as the master of ceremonies

emerald /ˈɛməɹəld/ adj
szmaragdowy szmaragd
rich green colour

emerald /ˈɛməɹəld/ n
szmaragd
gemstone

emergence /ɪˈmɜːdʒ(ə)ns/ n
emergencja
the arising of emergent structure in complex systems

emery /ˈɛməɹi/ n
szmergiel
mineral

eminent /ˈɛmɪnənt/ adj
znakomity znamienity
of a person: distinguished, noteworthy
wspaniały znaczący
remarkable, great

eminent domain n
ekspropriacja wywłaszczenie
government's right to expropriate private land

emir n
emir
Islamic prince or leader

emirate /ˈeməɹət/ n
emirat
country ruled by an emir

emissary /ˈɛmɪˌsɛɹi/ n
emisariusz
an agent sent on a mission to represent the interests of someone else

emissive adj
emisyjny
of, pertaining to, or having the capacity to emit radiation or matter; emitting

emitter /əmɪtə/ n
emiter
terminal of a transistor
that which emits

emmer /ˈɛmə/ /ˈɛmɚ/ n
pszenica płaskurka
Triticum dicoccon

emoji /iˈmoʊdʒi/ /ɪˈmoʊdʒi/ /ɪˈməʊdʒi/ n
emoji
digital graphic icon

emoticon /ɪˈmoʊtəˌkɑn/ /ɪˈməʊtɪˌkɒn/ n
emotikon emotikona buźka uśmieszek
representation of an emotion of the writer

emotion /ɪˈmoʊʃən/ /ɪˈməʊʃən/ n
emocja
person's internal state of being

emotional /ɪˈmoʊʃənəl/ /ɪˈməʊʃənəl/ adj
uczyciowy emocjonalny
of or relating to the emotions

emotionality n
emocjonalność
state or quality

empathize /ˈɛmpəˌθaɪz/ v
współczuć
to feel empathy for another person

empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/ n
empatia
intellectual identification with another person
capacity to understand another person's point of view

emperor /ˈempɘɹɘ/ /ˈɛmpəɹə/ /ˈɛmpəɹɚ/ n
cesarz imperator
ruler of an empire

emperor penguin n
pingwin cesarski
largest penguin

emphasize /ˈɛm.fə.saɪz/ v
podkreślać podkreślić
stress

emphyteusis n
emfiteuza
right

empire /ˈɛmpaɪə/ /ˈɛmˌpaɪɹ/ n
imperium cesarstwo
political unit ruled by an emperor
political unit, having numerous or extensive territories
group of states

empiricism n
empiryzm
philosophical theory
empiria
pursuit of knowledge purely through experience

employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ v
zatrudniać zatrudnić
to give someone work

employed adj
zatrudniony

employee /ɛmplɔɪˈiː/ n
pracownik pracownica
individual who provides labor to a company or another person

employer /ɪmˈplɔɪə/ /ɪmˈplɔɪɚ/ n
pracodawca
person or entity which employs others

emporium /ˌɛmˈpɔɹi.əm/ n
emporium
a market place or trading centre, particularly of an ancient city

empress /ɪmˈpɹɛs/ /ˈɛmpɹəs/ n
cesarzowa imperatorowa
female monarch of an empire

empress dowager n
cesarzowa wdowa
mother of an emperor

emptiness n
pustka
the state or feeling of being empty

empty /ˈɛmpti/ adj
pusty próżny
devoid of content

empty /ˈɛmpti/ v
opróżnić
to make empty

empty set n
zbiór pusty
unique set that contains no elements

emptyhanded adj
z pustymi rękami
having nothing to give

empyema n
ropniak
collection of pus

emu /ˈim(j)u/ /ˈiːmjuː/ /ˈiːɛmˌjuː/ n
emu
Dromaius novaehollandiae

en dash n
półpauza
typographical symbol –

en passant /ɑ̃ pæˈsɑ̃/ /ɒ̃ ˈpæsɒ̃/ n
w przelocie
chess move

en route /ɒn ɹu(ː)t/
po drodze
along the way
w drodze
on the way

enable /ɪˈneɪbəl/ v
aktywować odblokować włączać
to activate a function of an electronic or mechanical device
upełnomocnić uzdolnić
to give power, sanction or authorization to; to provide with abilities, means, opportunities
umożliwiać umożliwić
to make something possible

enamel /əˈnæməl/ /ɪˈnæməl/ n
emalia
coating that dries to a hard, glossy finish
opaque, glassy coating baked onto metal or ceramic objects
szkliwo
covering on the tooth

enamor /ɪˈnæmə(ɹ)/ v
oczarować rozkochać
to inflame with love

enantiomer n
enancjomer
one of a pair of mirror-image stereoisomers

enantiotropic adj
enancjotropowy

encephalon /ɛnˈsɛfəlɒn/ /ɛnˈsɛfələn/ n
mózgowie
brain

encephalopathy /ɛnˌsɛfəˈlɒpəθi/ n
encefalopatia
condition affecting the brain

enchant /ɘnˈtʃɐːnt/ /ɪnˈtʃant/ /ɪnˈtʃænt/ /ɪnˈtʃɑːnt/ v
oczarować
to attract and delight

enchanter /ɪnˈtʃæntɚ/ /ɪnˈtʃɑːntə/ n
czarodziej czarownik
A spellcaster, conjurer, wizard, sorcerer or soothsayer

enchantress n
czarodziejka
attractive woman skilled at using magic

encipher v
zaszyfrować
to encrypt

enclave /ˈɑnkleɪv/ /ˈɛnkleɪv/ n
enklawa
entity completely surrounded by another

enclitic /ɪnˈklɪtɪk/ n
enklityka
clitic which joins with the preceding word

encoding /ɪnˈkoʊdɪŋ/ /ɪnˈkəʊdɪŋ/ n
kodowanie
character encoding (computing)

encompass /ɛnˈkʌm.pəs/ v
otaczać otoczyć
encircle
obejmować
include

encore /ˈɑnkɔɹ/ /ˈɒŋkɔː/ interjection
bis!
please perform again

encore /ˈɑnkɔɹ/ /ˈɒŋkɔː/ n
bis
brief extra performance after the main performance is complete

encounter /ɪnˈkaʊntə/ /ɪnˈkaʊntɚ/ n
spotkanie
unplanned meeting

encourage /ɪnˈkɝɪdʒ/ /ɪnˈkʌɹɪdʒ/ v
popierać
foster, give help or patronage
dopingować popierać wspierać
mentally support or motivate
namawiać namówić zachęcać zachęcić
spur on, recommend

encouragement [ɪnˈkʌɹɪdʒmənt] n
zachęcanie
the act of encouraging

encroach /ɛnˈkɹəʊtʃ/ v
naruszać
to intrude unrightfully on someone else’s rights or territory

encrypt v
szyfrować
to conceal information by means of a code or cipher

encumbrance n
obciążenie
burden
interest, right, burden or liability

encyclopedia /ənˌsəɪ.kləˈpi.di.ə/ /ɪnˌsaɪ.kləˈpi(ː).di.ə/ n
encyklopedia
comprehensive reference with articles on a range of topics

encyclopedic adj
encyklopedyczny
of or relating to comprehensiveness and other characteristics of an encyclopedia
in lexicography

end /ɛnd/ n
koniec śmierć
death
koniec
extreme part
meta
period in curling

end /ɛnd/ v
kończyć
ergative, intransitive: be finished, be terminated
skończyć zakończyć
transitive: finish, terminate (something)

end in itself n
cel sam w sobie
something without a purpose

end user n
użytkownik końcowy
the final consumer of a product; the intended recipient or user

endangered adj
zagrożony
in danger, at risk

endeavor /ɛnˈdɛv.ɚ/ /ɪnˈdɛv.ə/ n
dążenie próba usiłowanie
a sincere attempt
przedsięwzięcie
enterprise; assiduous or persistent activity

endeavor /ɛnˈdɛv.ɚ/ /ɪnˈdɛv.ə/ v
starać się usiłować
attempt through application of effort

endemic /ɛnˈdɛm.ɪk/ adj
endemiczny
prevalent in a particular area
native to a particular area
peculiar to a particular area

endemic /ɛnˈdɛm.ɪk/ n
endemit
individual or species that is endemic

endogamous adj
endogamiczny
of a marriage, within a social group

endogamy /ɛnˈdɒɡəmi/ n
endogamia
the practice of marrying within one's own social group

endonym n
endonim
a name used by a group or category of people to refer to themselves or their language

endoplasmic reticulum n
retikulum endoplazmatyczne
network of membranes

endorphin /ɛnˈdɔ(ɹ)fɪn/ /ɛnˈdɔːfɪn/ n
endorfina
any of a group of peptide hormones

endoscope n
endoskop
instrument

endoscopy /ɛnˈdɔ.skə.pi/ n
endoskopia
examination using an endoscope

enduring adj
trwały wytrzymały
long-lasting

enemy /ˈɛnəmi/ adj
wrogi
of, relating to, or belonging to an enemy

enemy /ˈɛnəmi/ n
wróg nieprzyjaciel przeciwnik
someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else

energetic /ˌɛnəˈdʒɛtɪk/ /ˌɛnɚˈdʒɛtɪk/ adj
energiczny
Possessing, exerting, or displaying energy

energetically adv
żwawo
in an energetic manner

energy /ˈɛnəd͡ʒi/ /ˈɛnɚd͡ʒi/ n
energia
impetus behind activity
physics
capacity to do work

energy drink n
napój energetyczny
caffeinated soft drink

engaged /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/ adj
narzeczona narzeczony
agreed to be married

engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ n
zaręczyny
period of time when marriage is planned or promised

engagement ring n
pierścionek zaręczynowy
a ring signifying a promise to wed

engine /ˈend͡ʒɘn/ /ˈend͡ʒɪn/ /ˈɛnd͡ʒɪn/ n
aparat mechanizm silnik
computer program
silnik motor
mechanical device

engine displacement n
objętość skokowa pojemność skokowa
volume of air/fuel mixture

engine driver n
maszynista
person

engine-generator n
agregat agregat prądotwórczy
generator with engine

engineer /ˌɛnd͡ʒɪˈnɪə/ /ˌɛnd͡ʒɪˈnɪɹ/ n
maszynista
locomotive operator
inżynier
person qualified or professionally engaged in engineering

engineering /ˌen.dʒɪˈnɪə.ɹɪŋ/ n
inżynieria
application of science to the needs of humanity

english /ˈɪŋ.ɡlɪʃ/ n
angielski
spinning or rotary motion around the vertical axis

enhance /ɪnˈhæns/ /ɪnˈhɑːns/ v
polepszać polepszyć poprawiać poprawić
improve something by adding features

enigma /ɪˈnɪɡmə/ n
zagadka enigma
riddle, or a difficult problem

enjambment /ɪn.ˈdʒæm.mənt/ n
przerzutnia
a technique in poetry

enjoy /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪ/ v
lubić

enjoyment /ɛnˈdʒɔɪmənt/ n
przyjemność uciecha zadowolenie
the condition of enjoying anything

enlarge /ɪnˈlɑɹd͡ʒ/ /ɪnˈlɑːd͡ʒ/ v
powiększać powiększyć rozszerzać rozszerzyć
make larger

enlargement n
powiększenie zwiększenie
Act of making larger

enlarger n
powiększalnik
optical device used to make enlarged prints

enlighten /ɪnˈlaɪtn̩/ v
oświecać uświadamiać
to make clear to the intellect
to supply with light

enlightenment /ɪnˈlaɪtənmənt/ n
oświecenie
act of enlightening, state of being enlightened
philosophy and psychology related to achieving clarity of perception, reason and knowledge

enmity /ˈɛn.mɪ.tiː/ /ˈɛn.mɪ.tɪ/ n
wrogość nieprzyjaźń
hostile or unfriendly disposition

ennui /ɑnˈwi/ /ɒnˈwiː/ n
znużenie
listlessness, boredom

enough /ɪˈnʌf/ adv
dosyć dość wystarczająco na tyle
sufficiently

enough /ɪˈnʌf/ determiner
dość wystarczająco
sufficient

enough /ɪˈnʌf/ interjection
dosyć dość starczy wystarczy
stop!

enqueue v
zakolejkować
to add an item to a queue

enrage v
denerwować rozwścieczać wkurwiać wkurzać
to fill with rage

enriched uranium n
wzbogacony uran
uranium enriched with a higher amount of U-235

enrichment n
wzbogacenie
the act of enriching
the process of making enriched uranium

ensign /ˈɛns(ə)n/ /ˈɛnsaɪn/ /ˈɛnsɪn/ n
bandera
banner
chorąży
military officer

enslave v
zniewolić
to make subservient; to strip one of freedom; enthrall

enslavement n
zniewolenie
the act of enslaving or the state of being a slave; bondage

ensmallen /ɛnˈsmɔlən/ /ɪnˈsmɔːlən/ v
pomniejszać pomniejszyć
Make smaller

ensorcell /ɛnˈsɔɹsəl/ /ɛnˈsɔːs(ə)l/ v
oczarować zaczarować zaklinać
to bewitch or enchant

ensue /ɛnˈsjuː/ /ɛnˈsjʉː/ /ɛnˈʃuː/ /ɪnˈsjuː/ /ɪnˈsuː/ /ɪnˈʃuː/ v
wynikać następować
to occur as consequence

ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə/ /ɪnˈʃʊɹ/ v
upewniać upewnić utwierdzić zapewniać zapewnić
make sure or certain

enter /ˈɛntə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛntɚ/ [ˈɪɾ̃ɚ] v
wchodzić wejść
to go into (a room, etc.)

enteric adj
jelitowy
of, relating to, within, or by way of the intestines

enterprise /ˈɛntɚˌpɹaɪz/ n
przedsiębiorstwo
company, business, organization, or endeavor
przedsiębiorczość
willingness to undertake projects, energy and initiative

entertain /ˌɛntəˈteɪn/ /ˌɛntɚˈteɪn/ v
bawić zabawiać
to amuse

entertaining adj
zabawny zajmujący
amusing

entertainment /ˈɛn.tɚˈteɪn.mənt/ n
rozrywka zabawa
activity designed to give pleasure or relaxation
widowisko
show for enjoyment

enthalpy /ˈɛn.θəl.piː/ n
entalpia zawartość cieplna
a measure of the heat content

enthrall v
zniewolić
make subservient

enthronement n
intronizacja
the act of enthroning or the state of being enthroned

enthusiasm /-θuː-/ /ɪnˈθjuːzɪæz(ə)m/ n
entuzjazm
feeling of excited, lively interest

enthusiast /ɪnˈθʉu̯.ziˌəst/ n
czciciel czcicielka entuzjasta entuzjastka hołdownik miłośniczka
person filled with or guided by enthusiasm

enthusiastically adv
entuzjastycznie
in an enthusiastic manner

entice v
wabić kusić mamić nęcić
to lure; to attract by arousing desire or hope

entire /ɪnˈtaɪə/ /ɪnˈtaɪɚ/ adj
cały
whole

entirely /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ /ɪnˈtaɪɹli/ adv
całkowicie zupełnie
to the full extent

entitle /ənˈtaɪ.təl/ /ənˈtaɪtəl/ v
tytułować
to give a title to a book etc.
to dignify by an honorary designation

entitled adj
uprawniony roszczeniowy
having a right to something
zatytułowany
having a title - book etc

entitledness n
roszczeniowość
feeling convinced of one's superiority or deservingness

entity /ˈen.tɪ.ti/ n
istnienie
something that has properties of being real
state or quality of existence
istnienie jednostka
that which exists as an individual unit

entomology n
entomologia owadoznawstwo
study of insects

entomophilic adj
owadopylny
pollinated by entomophily

entomophily /ɛntəˈmɒfəliː/ n
owadopylność
pollination by insects

entrance /ɛnˈtɹæns/ /ˈɛn.tɹəns/ n
wejście
place of entering

entrance examination n
egzamin wstępny
examination used by an educational institution to select which students it will grant admission to

entrepreneur /ˌɑn.t(ʃ)ɹə.pɹəˈnʊəɹː/ /ˌɒn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɜː/ n
przedsiębiorca
person who organizes and operates a business and assumes the associated risk

entrepreneurial /ˌɒntɹəpɹəˈnɜːɹi.əl/ adj
przedsiębiorczy
having the spirit, attitude or qualities of an entrepreneur; enterprising

entrepreneurship n
przedsiębiorczość
quality of being an entrepreneur

entresol n
antresola
an intermediate floor in a building

entropy /ˈɛntɹəpi/ n
entropia
measure of the amount of information in a signal
tendency of a system to descend into chaos
term in thermodynamics

entry /ˈɛntɹi/ n
wejście
act of entering
doorway that provides a means of entering a building
hasło
article in a dictionary or encyclopedia
wjazd wstęp
permission to enter
wpis
record in a log or in a database

entryphone n
domofon
an electronic communication system

enumerate /ɪˈn(j)u.məˌɹeɪt/ /ɪˈnjuː.məˌɹeɪt/ v
odliczać odliczyć
to determine the amount of
policzyć
to specify each member of a sequence individually in incrementing order

envelope /ɛnˈvɛləp/ /ˈɛn.və.ləʊp/ /ˈɛn.vəˌloʊp/ n
koperta
wrapper for mailing

envier n
zawistnica zawistnik zazdrośnica zazdrośnik
one who envies

envious /ˈɛnvɪəs/ adj
zazdrosny zawistny
feeling or exhibiting envy

environment /ɪnˈvaɪɹə(n)mənt/ n
środowisko
area around something
political or social setting, arena or condition
software or hardware on a computer
ekosystem
natural world or ecosystem

environmentalist n
ekolog zielony
one who advocates for the protection of the biosphere

envisage /ɛnˈvɪzɪdʒ/ v
przedstawiać
to conceive or see something within in one's mind

envoy /ˈɑnvɔɪ/ /ˈɛnvɔɪ/ n
wysłannik
representative

envy /ˈɛnvi/ n
zawiść zazdrość
resentful desire of something possessed by another

envy /ˈɛnvi/ v
zazdrościć
to feel displeasure towards (someone) because of their good fortune, possessions

enzymatic adj
enzymatyczny
of, relating to, or caused by enzymes

enzyme /ˈɛn.zaɪm/ n
enzym
catalytic protein

eon /ˈiː.ɒn/ /ˈiː.ən/ n
wieczność
eternity
eon
geological time period

epaulette /ˈɛpəlɛt/ n
naramiennik
ornamentation

epenthesis /ɪˈpɛn.θə.sɪs/ n
epenteza
insertion of a phoneme or letter into a word

epenthetic /ˌɛpənˈθɛtɪk/ adj
epentetyczny
inserted into a word
of or pertaining to epenthesis

ephedra n
przęśl
plant

ephemeral /ɛˈfɛ.mə.ɹəl/ adj
efemeryczny
existing for only one day
efemeryczny ulotny
lasting for a short period of time

ephemerally adv
efemerycznie
in an ephemeral manner

ephod /ˈiː.fɒd/ n
efod
apron worn by chief priest of ancient Israel

epic /ˈɛp.ɪk/ adj
epicki
extraordinary
epicki epiczny
of, or relating to, an epic

epic /ˈɛp.ɪk/ n
epos epopeja
extended narrative poem

epicanthus n
zmarszczka nakątna
a skin fold of the upper eyelid, typical of East Asians

epicentre /ˈɛpɪˌsɛntə/ /ˈɛpɪˌsɛntɚ/ n
epicentrum
point above earthquake
focal point of activity

epicist n
epik
epics writer

epicondyle n
nadkłykieć
protuberance above the condyle of a bone

epicrisis /ɪˈpɪk.ɹə.sɪs/ /ˈɛp.ə.kɹaɪ.sɪs/ n
epikryza
critical or analytical summing-up

epicycloid n
epicykloida
locus

epidemic /ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk/ adj
epidemiczny
like an epidemic

epidemic /ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk/ n
epidemia
widespread disease
occurrence of such disease

epidemiologist n
epidemiolog
Scientist specialized in epidemiology

epidermis n
naskórek
skin's outer layer in animals

epididymis /ɛpiˈdɪdɪmɪs/ n
najądrze
tube

epigenetics n
epigenetica
study of heritable changes
study of processes

epiglottis /ˌɛpɪˈɡlɑtɪs/ n
nagłośnia
cartilaginous organ in the throat

epigraph /ˈɛpɪˌɡɹæf/ n
epigraf
inscription
epigraf motto
literary quotation placed at the beginning of a text

epigraphically adv
epigraficznie
In terms of epigraph

epilator n
depilator
electrical device

epilepsy /ˈɛpɪlɛpsi/ n
epilepsja padaczka
medical condition

epilogue /ˈɛp.ɪ.lɒɡ/ /ˈɛpɪlɑɡ/ /ˈɛpɪlɔɡ/ n
epilog posłowie
brief oration or script at the end of a literary piece

epimer n
epimery

epinephrine /ɛpɪˈnɛfɹɪn/ n
epinefryna
hormone and nurotransmitter

epiphany /ɪˈpɪf.ə.ni/ n
olśnienie
manifestation or appearance of a divine or superhuman being

epiphenomenalism n
epifenomenalizm
doctrine

epiphenomenon /ɛpɪfɪˈnɒmɪnən/ /ˌɛp.ə.fəˈnɒm.əˌnɒn/ n
epifenomen
philosophy, psychology: mental state or process that is an incidental byproduct of physiological events

epiphyte n
epifit
plant that grows on another

episcopal /əˈpɪs.kə.pl̩/ adj
biskupi
related to a bishop

episode /ˈɛ.pəˌsɵʊ̯d/ /ˈɛpɪsəʊd/ n
epizod
incident or action connected with a series of events
odcinek
instalment of a drama told in parts

epistemology /ɛˌpɪstiːˈmɔlədʒi/ /ɪˌpɪstəˈmɑlədʒi/ /ɪˌpɪstəˈmɒlədʒi/ n
epistemologia
branch of philosophy dealing with the study of knowledge

epistle /ɪˈpɪs.l/ n
list
a letter
book of the New Testament

epitaph [ˈɛpɪtæf] [ˈɛpɪtɑːf] n
epitafium
inscription on a gravestone

epithalamium /ɛpɪθəˈleɪmɪəm/ n
epitalamium
song or poem celebrating a marriage

epithalamus n
nadwzgórze
segment of the diencephalon

epithelium /ˌɛpɪˈθiːlɪəm/ n
nabłonek tkanka graniczna tkanka nabłonkowa
membranous tissue

epithet /ˈɛ.pɪ.θɛt/ n
epitet
term used to characterize a person or thing
abusive or contemptuous word or phrase
term used as a descriptive substitute for the name or title of a person

epitome /əˈpɪt.ə.mi/ n
ucieleśnienie
embodiment or encapsulation of

epitrochoid n
epitrochoida
geometric curve

epoch /ˈiːˌpɒk/ /ˈɛpˌək/ n
epoka
particular period of history

epochal adj
epokowy przełomowy
highly important
epokowy
of or pertaining to an epoch

eponym /ˈɛpənɪm/ n
eponim
person's name that has given rise to the name of something
word formed from a person’s name

epoophoron n
nadjajnik
a group of tubules, a remnant of the Wolffian body, often found near the ovary or oviduct

epopee /ˈɛpəpiː/ n
epopeja
an epic, saga

epoxide n
epitlenki
cyclic ether

epsilon /ɛpˈsaɪ.lən/ /ˈɛp.sɪˌlɑn/ n
epsilon
name for the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet
błahostka
negligible effect

equal /ˈiːkwəl/ adj
równy
mathematics: exactly identical
równy jednakowy
the same in all respects

equal sign n
równa się znak równości
symbol

equality /ɪˈkwɑl.ɪ.ti/ /ɪˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti/ n
równość
equal treatment of people irrespective of social or cultural differences
fact of being equal
mathematics: fact of having the same value

equation /ɪˈkweɪʃən/ /ɪˈkweɪʒən/ n
równanie
mathematics: assertion

equator /ɪˈkweɪ.tə/ /ɪˈkweɪ.tɚ/ n
równik
circle around the earth

equatorial /ˌɛkwəˈtɔːɹiəl/ adj
równikowy
of, near, or relating to the equator

equestrian adj
jeździecki
of horseback riding or horseback riders

equilateral adj
równoboczny
referring to a polygon all of whose sides are of equal length

equilibrist n
ekwilibrysta ekwilibrystka
tightrope walker

equilibrium /ɛkwɪˈlɪbɹɪəm/ n
równowaga
condition of a system in which competing influences are balanced
physics: state of a body at rest or in uniform motion in which the resultant of all forces on it is zero
chemistry: state of a reaction in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are the same
równowaga psychiczna
mental balance

equine /ˈiːkwaɪn/ adj
koński
Of or relating to a horse or horses

equinox /ˈiːkwəˌnɑːks/ /ˈɛkwɪˌnoks/ n
równonoc ekwinokcjum
intersection of the ecliptic with the celestial equator

equinumerous adj
równoliczny
of equal cardinality

equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ n
sprzęt oprzyrządowanie przybory
whatever is used in equipping

equivalence relation n
relacja równoważności
binary relation

equivalent /ɪˈkwɪvələnt/ adj
ekwiwalentny odpowiadający odpowiedni
similar or identical in value

equivalent /ɪˈkwɪvələnt/ n
odpowiednik równoznacznik zamiennik
anything that is virtually equal to something else

equivalent weight n
gramorównoważnik
equivalent weight

equivocation /ɪˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃən/ n
ekwiwokacja
Expression susceptible of a double signification, possibly misleading
Logical fallacy

era /ˈɛɹ.ə/ /ˈɪə̯ɹ.ə/ n
era
time period

eradicate /ɪˈɹæd.ɪ.keɪt/ v
wytępić
to completely destroy; to reduce to nothing radically
wykorzenić
to pull up by the roots

eradication n
wykorzenienie
act of plucking up by the roots

erase /ɪˈɹeɪs/ /ɪˈɹeɪz/ v
wymazać wymazywać zetrzeć ścierać
to remove markings or information

eraser /ɪˈɹeɪsɚ/ /ɪˈɹeɪzə/ n
gumka
thing used to erase something written or drawn

erbium /ˈɜːɹbiəm/ n
erb
chemical element

erect /ɪˈɹɛkt/ v
wznieść
to put up by the fitting together of materials or parts

erection /ɪˈɹɛkʃən/ n
erekcja wzniesienie
act of building
erekcja wzwód
rigid state of penis or clitoris
physiology: process by which a penis becomes erect

ergo /ˈɝɡoʊ/ conjunction
więc

ergonomics /əːɡəˈnɒmɪks/ /ˌɝɡəˈnɑmɪks/ n
ergonomia
science of the design of equipment

ermine /ˈɜːmɪn/ /ˈɝmɪn/ n
gronostaj
Mustela erminea
(heraldry) a white field with black spots

erogenous zone n
strefa erogenna
erogenous zone

erosion /əˈɹoʊʒən/ /əˈɹəʊʒən/ n
erozja
destruction by abrasive action of fluids
the changing of a surface by mechanical action
the result of having being eroded

erotic /ɪˈɹɑtɪk/ /ɪˈɹɒtɪk/ adj
erotyczny
tending to arouse sexual desire

erotomania n
erotomania
mental disorder based on the delusion of a romantic relationship

err /ɛɚ/ /ɜː(ɹ)/ v
popełnić błąd

errand boy n
chłopak na posyłki
male employed to run errands

errant /ˈɛɹənt/ adj
błędny
straying from the proper course or standard

errata /ɛˈɹɑtə/ /ɛˈɹɑːtə/ n
errata
added page listing the errors which were discovered after printing

error /ˈɛɚ/ /ˈɛɹə(ɹ)/ /ˈɛɹɚ/ n
błąd pomiaru
difference between a measured or calculated value and a true one
błąd
mistake

error message n
komunkat o błędzie
message displayed when a failure condition occurs

ersatz /ɛəɹˈsɑːts/ /ɛəɹˈzɑːts/ /ˈɛəzæts/ /ˈɛəɹsɑts/ /ˈɛəɹzɑts/ /ˈɜːsæts/ /ˈɝsæts/ [ɛəɹˈsɑːts] n
erzac
something made in imitation

erudition /ˌɛɹʊˈdɪʃən/ n
erudycja oczytanie
profound knowledge, especially that based on learning and scholarship

eruption /ɪˈɹʌpʃən/ n
erupcja
violent ejection, such as that of lava from a volcano

erythromycin /ɪˌɹɪθɹəˈmaɪsɪn/ n
erytromycyna
any of a class of macrolide antibiotics

erythropoiesis n
erytropoeza
production of red blood cells

escalade /ˈɛskəˌleɪd/ /ˌɛskəˈleɪd/ v
wspinać się
to scale the walls of a fortification

escalation n
eskalacja
a deliberate or premeditated increase in the violence or geographic scope of a conflict

escalator /ˈɛs.kə.leɪ.tə/ /ˈɛs.kə.leɪ.tɚ/ n
ruchome schody eskalator
mechanical device

escape /ɪˈskeɪp/ n
ucieczka
act of leaving a dangerous or unpleasant situation

escape /ɪˈskeɪp/ v
uniknąć unikać
to elude
wydostawać się wydostać się
to get free

escapism n
eskapizm
inclination to escape

eschatological /ˌɛskətəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/ /ˌɛskətəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/ adj
eschatologiczny
pertaining to eschatology

eschatology /ɛskəˈtɒlədʒi/ n
eschatologia
system of doctrines concerning final matters, such as death
the study of the end times

escutcheon /ɪˈskʌtʃən/ n
tarcza herbowa
coat of arms

esker /ˈɛskə/ /ˈɛskɚ/ n
oz
ridge created under glacier

esoteric /ˌɛs.əʊˈtɛɹ.ɪk/ /ˌɛs.əˈtɛɹ.ɪk/ adj
ezoteryczny skryty tajny
confidential; private
niezrozumiały zawiły
having to do with concepts that are highly theoretical
ezoteryczny tajemny
understood only by a chosen few

esoterism n
ezoteryka
inward forms of faith and religion

espadrille /ɛspəˈdɹɪl/ n
espadryla espadryl
light shoe

especially /ɛkˈspɛʃ(ə)li/ /ɪˈspɛʃ(ə)li/ adv
szczególnie
in a special manner
szczególnie zwłaszcza w szczególności
particularly

espionage /ˈɛs.pi.ə.ˌnɑːʒ/ n
szpiegostwo wywiad
act of learning secret information through clandestine means

espouse /ɪˈspaʊz/ v
ożenić się poślubić wyjść za mąż
become married to

espresso /ɛˈspɹɛsoʊ/ /ɛˈspɹɛsəʊ/ n
espresso
strong type of coffee

esprit de corps /ɛˌspɹi də ˈkɔɹ/ /ɛˌspɹiː də ˈkɔː/ n
poczucie solidarności
shared spirit of comradeship, enthusiasm, and devotion

essay /ɛˈseɪ/ /ˈɛˌseɪ/ n
esej
written composition

essayist /ˈɛ.seɪ.ɪst/ n
eseista eseistka
one who composes essays; a writer of short compositions

essence /ˈɛsəns/ n
esencja
inherent nature

essential /ɪˈsɛn.ʃəl/ adj
podstawowy
in basic form
niezbędny
necessary
zasadniczy
of high importance

essential amino acid n
aminokwas egzogenny
amino acid which is a dietry requirement

essential oil n
olejek eteryczny
volatile oil used to make perfumes and flavourings

establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ v
ustanowić wyznaczyć
To appoint, as officers, laws, regulations, etc.; to enact; to ordain
założyć zakładać
To form; to set up in business
ustanowić założyć
To found; to institute
ustalić ustanowić
To make stable or firm; to confirm
ustalić
To prove and cause to be accepted as true; to establish a fact; to demonstrate

establishment /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/ n
ustanawianie ustanowienie zakładanie założenie
the act of establishing
establishment
slang: the ruling class or authority group

estate agent n
agent nieruchomości agentka nieruchomości
one acting for another in sale or lease of real estate

esteem [ɛsˈtiːm] v
szanować
to regard with respect

ester /ˈɛstə/ /ˈɛstɚ/ n
ester
compound with carbon-oxygen double bond joined via carbon to another oxygen atom

estimate /ˈɛstɨmɨt/ /ˈɛstɨˌmeɪ̪t/ n
kosztorys
(construction and business) a document specifying how much a job will probably cost
oszacowanie
rough calculation or guess

estimate /ˈɛstɨmɨt/ /ˈɛstɨˌmeɪ̪t/ v
szacować
to calculate roughly

estrogen /ˈiːstɹəd͡ʒən/ /ˈɛstɹədʒən/ n
estrogen
estrogen

estuary n
estuarium
place where ocean tides and river water merge

et al. /ɛtˈɔl/ phraseologicalUnit
i in.
and others

et tu, Brute /ɛt ˈtu ˌbɹutɛ/ phraseologicalUnit
I ty, Brutusie
expression of betrayal

etc. /ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ phraseologicalUnit
itd. etc. i tak dalej i tym podobne i tym podobnie itp.
and so on

etch /ɛtʃ/ v
ryć wytrawiać wytrawić
to engrave

etching /ˈetʃ.ɪŋ/ n
akwaforta trawienie
art of producing an image
akwaforta
image created by this process

eternal /ɪˈtɜːnəl/ /ɪˈtɝnəl/ adj
wieczny wieczysty
lasting forever

eternal sleep n
wieczny sen
death (euphemism)

eternally adv
wiecznie
forever

eternity /ɪˈtɜː.nə.ti/ /ɪˈtɝnɪti/ n
wieczność
infinite time
informal: a comparatively long time
period of time that elapses after death
time extending infinitely far into the future

ethane /ˈiːθeɪn/ /ˈɛθeɪn/ n
etan
aliphatic hydrocarbon, C₂H₆

ether /ˈiːθə/ /ˈiθɚ/ n
eter
(organic chemistry) compound containing an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrocarbon groups
(organic chemistry) diethyl ether
substance once thought to fill all unoccupied space
substance supposed to fill the upper regions of the atmosphere

ethereal /ɪˈθɪə.ɹi.əl/ /ɪˈθɪɹ.i.əl/ adj
eteryczny lekki zwiewny
Consisting of ether; hence, exceedingly light or airy; tenuous; spiritlike; characterized by extreme delicacy
Delicate, light and airy
eteryczny niebiański nieziemski
Pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air, or to the higher regions beyond the earth or beyond the atmosphere

ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/ adj
etyczny
of or relating to the study of ethics
morally approvable, when referring to an action that affects others; good
of or relating to the accepted principles of right and wrong, especially those of some organization or profession

ethicality n
etyczność
manner of being

ethicist /ˈɛθɪsɪst/ n
etyk
person who studies principles governing right and wrong conduct

ethics /ˈɛθ.ɪks/ n
etyka
study of principles governing right and wrong conduct
standards of conduct

ethnic /ˈɛθ.nɪk/ adj
etniczny
of or relating to a group of people

ethnic cleansing n
czystka etniczna
ethnic cleansing

ethnocentrism /ˌɛθ.nəʊˈsɛn.tɹɪzm̩/ n
etnocentryzm
tendency

ethnogenesis n
etnogeneza
ethnogenesis

ethnographic adj
etnograficzny
of, or relating to ethnography

ethnography n
etnografia
branch of anthropology

ethnolect n
etnolekt
language variety

ethnology n
etnologia
branch of anthropology

ethnonationalism n
etynonacjonalizm
type of nationalism

ethnonym n
etnonim
name of an ethnic group

etiquette /ˈɛtɪˌkɛt/ n
etykieta
forms to be observed in social or official life
customary behavior

etude /eɪˈtjuːd/ /ˈeɪˌtud/ n
etiuda
piece of music

etymological adj
etymologiczny
of or relating to etymology

etymology /ˌɛt.ɪˈmɑl.ə.dʒi/ /ˌɛt.ɪˈmɒl.ə.dʒi/ n
etymologia źródłosłów
account of the origin and historical development of a word
study of the historical development of languages, particularly of individual words

eucalyptus /ˌjuːkəˈlɪptəs/ n
eukaliptus
any of many trees of genus Eucalyptus

eucharistic adj
eucharystyczny
pertaining to the Eucharist

eugenic /juː.ˈdʒɛ.nɪk/ adj
eugeniczny
of or relating to eugenics

euhemerism n
euhemeryzm
attribution of the origins of the gods to the deification of heroes

eukaryote /juˈkæɹi.əʊt/ n
eukariont jądrowiec
any of the single-celled or multicellular organisms whose cells contain at least one distinct nucleus

eukaryotic adj
eukariotyczny
having complex cells

eulogy /ˈjulədʒi/ /ˈjuːlədʒi/ n
laudacja
an oration to honor a deceased person

eunuch /ˈjuː.nək/ n
eunuch kastrat rzezaniec trzebieniec
castrated human male
eunuch
such a man who was harem guard or in Middle Eastern courts under Roman Emperors, important officials of the state

euphemism /ˈjuː.fəˌmɪ.z(ə)m/ n
eufemizm
use of a word or phrase to replace another word with one considered less offensive
word or phrase that is used to replace another in this way

euphemistically adv
eufemistycznie
in a euphemistic manner

euphoria /juːˈfɔːɹi.ə/ n
euforia
an excited state of joy

euphuism n
eufuizm
style of writing

euro /ˈjʊəɹəʊ/ /ˈjʊɹoʊ/ n
euro
currency unit of the European Monetary Union

europium /jʊəˈɹoʊpiəm/ n
europ
chemical element

euthanasia /juː.θəˈneɪ.zɪ.ə/ /juːθəˈneɪʒə/ n
eutanazja
practice of killing a human being or animal

evacuate /ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt/ v
ewakuować
to move out of an unsafe location into safety

evaluate /ɨˈvaljʊeɪt/ /ɪ̈ˈvaljəˌweɪt/ v
obliczyć zwartościować
to compute or determine the value of
oceniać ocenić
to draw conclusions from by examining

evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən/ n
ocena
assessment
realizacja wykonanie
completion of a mathematic operation
ewaluacja wartościowanie
substitution of a variable with its value

evangelical /iːvænˈdʒɛlɪkəl/ adj
ewangelicki
pertaining to the doctrines or teachings of the Christian gospel or Christianity in general

evangelist /ɪˈvændʒəlɪst/ n
ewangelista
writer of a gospel

evangelistary n
ewangeliarz
book containing selections from the Gospels

evangelize v
ewangelizować głosić dobrą nowinę
tell people about Christianity

evaporate /ɪˈvæpəɹeɪt/ v
parować
to transition from a liquid state into a gaseous state

evaporation n
parowanie
process of liquid converting to the gaseous state
odparowanie
process to increase concentration

eve /iːv/ n
przeddzień wigilia
day or night before

even /ˈivən/ /ˈiːvən/ adj
parzysty
arithmetic: divisible by two
równy
equal
równy gładki płaski
flat and level
jednolity jednostajny równomierny
without great variation

even /ˈivən/ /ˈiːvən/ adv
jeszcze nawet
emphasising comparative
nawet
implying extreme example

even /ˈivən/ /ˈiːvən/ n
poranek
Evening of the day

even /ˈivən/ /ˈiːvən/ v
wyrównać
to make even

even function n
funkcja parzysta
unaffected by sign

even if conjunction
bez względu na (kogoś/coś) niezależnie od (kogoś/czegoś)
irrespective of

even though conjunction
chociaż
although

evenhanded adj
bezstronny sprawiedliwy
having no partiality

evening /ˈivnɪŋ/ /ˈiːvnɪŋ/ /ˈiːvənɪŋ/ n
zmierzch
figurative: concluding time period
wieczór
time of day between the approximate time of midwinter dusk and midnight
time of day between dusk and night

evening primrose n
wiesiołek
flowering plant of the genus Oenothera

event /ɪˈvɛnt/ n
wydarzenie przypadek impreza zdarzenie
occurrence
zdarzenie wydarzenie
point in spacetime (physics)
computing: action which triggers an event handler
probability theory: a set of some of the possible outcomes

event horizon n
horyzont zdarzeń
gravitational sphere within which light cannot escape

eventually /ɪ.ˈvɛn.t͡ʃu.ə.li/ /ɪ.ˈvɛn.t͡ʃuː.ə.li/ adv
w końcu wreszcie
in the end

ever /ˈɛvə/ /ˈɛvɚ/ adv
zawsze
always
kiedykolwiek
at any time

evergreen /ˈɛvəɡɹiːn/ /ˈɛvɚɡɹin/ adj
zimozielony
of plants, that do not shed their leaves

evermore adv
zawsze
always

every /ˈɛv.(ə.)ɹi/ determiner
każdy
all of a countable group

every cloud has a silver lining proverb
nie ma tego złego, co by na dobre nie wyszło
in every bad situation there is an element of good

every man is the architect of his own fortune proverb
każdy jest kowalem swojego losu
each person is the chief cause of their success or failure

every other adj
co druga co drugi co drugie
all except for some previously mentioned set

everybody /ˈɛvɹibɒdi/ /ˈɛvɹibədi / /ˈɛvɹibʌdi/ pronoun
wszyscy każdy
all people

everyone /ˈɛv.ɹi.wʌn/ pronoun
każdy wszelaki wszyscy
every person

everything /ˈɛvɹiθɪŋ/ pronoun
wszystko
all the things

everywhere /ɛv.ɹi.(h)weə(ɹ)/ /ɛv.ɹi.(h)wɛɹ/ adv
wszędzie
at all places

evict v
eksmitować
to expel

eviction n
ewikcja
the act of evicting

evidence /ˈɛvɪdəns/ [ˈɛvəɾəns] n
dowód
facts or observations presented in support of an assertion
anything admitted by a court as proof

evident /ˈɛ.vɪ.dənt/ adj
jasny oczywisty
obviously true

evidently /ˈɛvɪdəntli/ adv
ewidentnie zauważalnie
obviously

evil /ˈivəl/ /ˈiːvɪl/ adj
zły
intending to harm

evil /ˈivəl/ /ˈiːvɪl/ n
zło
moral badness, wickedness

evil eye n
złe oko
wicked look

evildoer n
złoczyńca
person who performs evil acts

evoke /ɪˈvoʊk/ /ɪˈvəʊk/ v
przywoływać wywoływać
to cause the manifestation of

evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɛvəˈluʃ(ə)n/ n
ewolucja
biology: change in the genetic composition of a population over time
general: a gradual process of development
military: One of a series of ordered movements
turning movement of the body

evolutionary /ˌiːvəˈl(j)uːʃənɹi/ /ˌiːvəˈluːʃəneɹi/ adj
ewolucyjny
of or relating to evolution

evolutionary biology n
biologia ewolucyjna
sub-field of biology

evolutionary developmental biology n
ewolucyjna biologia rozwoju
branch of biology

evolutionism n
ewolucjonizm
any evolutionary theory or belief system

ew /ɪʊ̯/ interjection
fuj ble
expression of disgust or nausea

ewe /joː/ /juː/ n
owca
female sheep

ex /ɛks/ n
iks
name of the letter X, x
była były eks
colloquial: former partner or spouse

ex libris n
ekslibris
bookplate

ex- prefix
eks-
former

exact /ɪɡˈzækt/ adj
dokładny
precisely agreeing

exactly /ɪɡˈzæk(t)li/ adv
dokładnie
in an exact manner

exactly /ɪɡˈzæk(t)li/ interjection
dokładnie no właśnie właśnie
signifying agreement or recognition

exaggerate /ɛɡˈzæ.dʒə.ɹeɪt/ v
przesadzać wyolbrzymiać
to overstate, to describe more than is fact

exaggeration n
przesada
act of exaggerating

exam paper n
arkusz egzaminacyjny
paper on which questions of an examination are written

examination /ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
egzamin sprawdzian
formal test
badanie egzamin
inspection by a doctor

example /ɘɡˈzɐːmpɯ/ /əɡˈzæmpl̩/ /ɪɡˈzæmpl̩/ /ɪɡˈzɑːmpl̩/ n
przykład
something representative of a group
something serving to explain or illustrate a rule
something serving as a pattern of behaviour
instance as a problem to be solved
parallel or closely similar case
person punished as a warning to others

exasperate /ɪɡˈzæsp(ə)ɹeɪt/ /ɪɡˈzɑːspəɹeɪt/ v
wkurzać
frustrate, vex, annoy

excavation n
wykopalisko
act of excavating, or of making hollow
wykop
cavity formed by cutting, digging, or scooping

excavator /ˈɛkskəˌveɪtə/ /ˈɛkskəˌveɪtɚ/ n
koparka
vehicle

excellence /ˈɛksələns/ n
świetność
the quality of being excellent

excellent /ˈɛksələnt/ adj
doskonały świetny
of the highest quality

excellently adv
świetnie
very well

except /ɛkˈsɛpt/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ conjunction
poza tym
with the exception that

except /ɛkˈsɛpt/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ preposition
oprócz z wyjątkiem
with the exception of

except /ɛkˈsɛpt/ /ɪkˈsɛpt/ v
wykluczać wykluczyć wyłączać
to exclude

exception /əkˈsɛpʃən/ n
wyjątek
that which is excepted or taken out from others
computing: an interruption in normal processing
act of excepting or excluding; exclusion

exceptional /ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl/ adj
wyjątkowy
superior due to exception or rarity
forming an exception

exceptionally adv
wyjątkowo
unusual, remarkable or exceptional degree

excerpt /ˈɛɡzɜ(ɹ)(p)t/ n
fragment urywek
a clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work

excess /əkˈsɛs/ n
nadmiar
degree by which one thing exceeds another
geometry: spherical excess
nadmiar nadwyżka zbytek
state of surpassing limits
nieumiarkowanie
undue indulgence of the appetite

excessive /ɪkˈsɛsɪv/ adj
nadmierny wygórowany
exceeding the bounds of something

excessively adv
w nadmiarze
in excess
nadmiernie przesadnie
to an excessive degree

exchange /ɛksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ n
wymiana
act of exchanging or trading
giełda
place for conducting trading

exchange /ɛksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ v
zamieniać wymieniać
To replace with a similar item
wymieniać zamieniać
To trade or barter

exchange rate n
kurs kurs wymiany
currency rate (finance)

exchangeable adj
wymienny
able to be exchanged

excise tax n
akcyza
any of various taxes levied on the production or sale of certain goods

excitation n
wzbudzenie
(physics) change in state as an excited state is formed by the absorption of a quantum of energy

excitement /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/ n
podekscytowanie
state of being excited

exclaim /ɛkˈskleɪm/ v
wołać wykrzykiwać
to cry out

exclamation /ˌɛkskləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
okrzyk
loud calling or crying out; outcry

exclamation mark /ˌeks.kləˈmeɪ.ʃənˌmɑːk/ /ˌɛks.kləˈmeɪ.ʃənˌmɑɹk/ n
wykrzyknik
punctuation “!”

exclave /ˈɛkskleɪv/ n
eksklawa
a country's territory not connected to the main part

exclude /ɪksˈkluːd/ v
wykluczać wyłączać
to bar from entering; keep out

exclusive /ɪkˈsklu.sɪv/ adj
ekskluzywny
of high quality and/or renown

exclusively /ɪkˈskluːsɪvli/ adv
wyłącznie
to the exclusion of anything or anyone else

exclusivity n
wyłączność
the quality of being exclusive

excommunicate /ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkeɪt/ /ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/ /ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ /ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/ v
ekskomunikować
to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community

excommunication /ɛkskəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
ekskomunika
act of excommunicating, disfellowshipping or ejecting

excrement /ˈɛkskɹəmənt/ n
ekskrementy odchody kał
human and animal solid waste

excrescence /ɛkˈskɹɛsəns/ n
narośl
something, usually abnormal, which grows out of something else

excrete /ɛkˈskɹiːt/ v
wydalać wydalić wydzielać wydzielić
to discharge material

excretion n
wydalanie
process of removing from the body

excruciating /ɛkˈskɹuːʃiːeɪtɪŋ/ adj
rozdzierający
Causing great pain or anguish, agonizing

excursion /ɛks.kɜː(ɹ).ʒən/ n
wycieczka
brief recreational trip

excusable adj
wybaczalny
possible to excuse

excuse /ɪksˈkjus/ /ɪksˈkjuz/ /ɪkˈskjuːs/ /ɪkˈskjuːz/ n
wymówka pretekst usprawiedliwienie wykręt
explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgement

excuse /ɪksˈkjus/ /ɪksˈkjuz/ /ɪkˈskjuːs/ /ɪkˈskjuːz/ v
usprawiedliwić
allow to leave
explain with the aim of alleviating guilt or negative judgement
wybaczyć
forgive, pardon

excuse me phraseologicalUnit
proszę o wybaczenie
indignation
przepraszam
request to pass
request for attention
proszę
request to repeat
przepraszam wybacz wybaczcie
sorry, as apology

executable /ˈɛksɪkjuːtəbl/ adj
wykonywalny
capable of being executed

executable /ˈɛksɪkjuːtəbl/ n
plik wykonywalny
file that can be run

execute /ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/ v
rozpocząć uruchomić zacząć
To start a defined process, without regard to whether it runs to completion or not
uruchomić wykonać wystartować
To start, launch or run software

execution /ˌek.sɪˈkjuː.ʃən/ n
egzekucja wykonanie
act of executing or the state of being executed
formal process by which a contract is made valid and put into binding effect
egzekucja
act of putting to death or being put to death as a penalty
carrying into effect of a court judgment, or of a will
wykonanie
manner or style of a performance etc

executioner n
kat oprawca
the person who carries out the execution

executive /ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv/ adj
wykonawczy
designed for execution

executive branch n
władza wykonawcza
branch of government

executive committee n
komitet wykonawczy
the cabinet of ministers for a city government

exegesis /ɛksɪˈdʒisɪs/ /ɛksɪˈdʒiːsɪs/ n
egzegeza
formal written exposition or explanatory essay

exegete /ˈɛksɪdʒit/ /ˈɛksɪdʒiːt/ n
egzegeta
person skilled in exegesis

exegetic adj
egzegetyczny

exemplary /ɛɡˈzɛmpləɹi/ adj
wzorowy
deserving honour, respect and admiration
przykładny
of such high quality as to serve as an example

exemplify /ɛɡˈzɛmplɪfaɪ/ v
egzemplifikować
to show or illustrate by example

exempt /ɪɡˈzɛmpt/ adj
zwolniony
free from duty or obligation

exemption n
wykluczanie
act of exempting

exercise /ˈɛk.sə.saɪz/ /ˈɛk.sɚ.saɪz/ n
ćwiczenie
any activity designed to develop or hone a skill or ability
physical activity intended to improve strength and fitness

exercise /ˈɛk.sə.saɪz/ /ˈɛk.sɚ.saɪz/ v
ćwiczyć
exert for the sake of training

exercise book n
zeszyt
booklet for students

exhalation n
wydech
act or process of exhaling

exhausted /ɪɡˈzɑstɪd/ /ɪɡˈzɔstɪd/ /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/ adj
wyczerpany
in a state of exhaustion

exhibit /iɡˈzibət/ /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ n
dowód rzeczowy
article as evidence in court

exhibit /iɡˈzibət/ /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ v
pokazać pokazywać
display or show (something) for others to see
wystawiać wystawić
display publicly

exhibition /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/ n
wystawa
large scale public showing of objects or products

exhibition game n
mecz towarzyski
practice game

exhibitionism n
ekshibicjonizm
practice of displaying one's private bodily parts in public

exhibitionist n
pozer pozerka
one who attempts by his behaviour to draw attention to himself
ekshibicjonista ekshibicjonistka
someone who exposes their genitalia in public

exhilarate /ɪɡˈzɪləɹeɪt/ /ɪɡˈzɪləˌɹeɪt/ v
rozweselić
to cheer

exhilarating adj
ekscytujący emocjonujący
refreshingly thrilling

exhort /ɛɡˈzɔːt/ v
namawiać zachęcać
urge

exhumation /ˌeks.hjuːˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
ekshumacja
the act of digging up that which has been buried

exhume /ɛks.ˈ(h)juːm/ /ɛkˈ.s(j)um/ v
ekshumować
To dig out of the ground; to take out of a place of burial; to disinter

exile /ˈɛkˌsaɪl/ /ˈɛɡˌzaɪl/ n
wygnaniec
someone who is banished from one's home or country
wygnanie
the state of being banished from one's home or country

exile /ˈɛkˌsaɪl/ /ˈɛɡˌzaɪl/ v
wygnać
to send into exile

exist /ɪɡˈzɪst/ v
istnieć egzystować
to be

existence /ɛɡ.ˈzɪs.təns/ n
egzystencja istnienie
state of being, existing, or occurring

existent adj
istniejący
existing; having life or being, current; occurring now

existentialism /ˌɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃəlɪzəm/ n
egzystencjalizm
philosophical movement

existing /ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/ adj
istniejący
that exists

exit /ˈɛɡzɪt/ n
wyjście
passage from inside to outside
way out
action of leaving

exit /ˈɛɡzɪt/ v
wychodzić wyjść
go out
leave

exogamous adj
egzogamiczny
of or relating to exogamy

exogamy n
egzogamia
marriage

exonerate /ɪɡˈzɑnəˌɹeɪt/ /ɪɡˈzɒnəɹeɪt/ v
odciążyć uwolnić
to relieve (someone or something) of a load; to unburden (a load)

exonym n
egzonim
name used by foreigners

exophthalmos n
wytrzeszcz
abnormal protrusion of the eyeball

exoplanet n
egzoplaneta planeta pozasłoneczna
planet outside Earth's solar system

exorcism n
egzorcyzm egzorcyzmowanie
ritual driving out of evil spirits

exorcist n
egzorcysta
a person who practices exorcism

exoskeleton n
egzoszkielet szkielet zewnętrzny
hard outer structure

exosphere n
egzosfera
the uppermost layer of a planet's atmosphere

exotic /ɪɡˈzɑtɪk/ /ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/ adj
egzotyczny
foreign, with the connotation of excitingly foreign
non-native to the ecosystem

expansion n
ekspansja
act of expanding

expatriate /ɛksˈpætɹɪɪt/ /ɛksˈpætɹɪˌeɪt/ n
wygnaniec
person banished from their own country
ekspatriant emigrant
person living outside own country

expatriate /ɛksˈpætɹɪɪt/ /ɛksˈpætɹɪˌeɪt/ v
wygnać wypędzać
banish
withdraw from one’s country

expect /ɪkˈspɛkt/ v
oczekiwać spodziewać się
to look for, look forward to, anticipate

expedient /ɪkˈspiːdi.ənt/ adj
celowy
suitable to effect some desired end or the purpose intended

expedite /ˈɛk.spəˌdaɪt/ /ˈɛk.spɪˌdaɪt/ v
przyspieszyć
accelerate progress

expedition /ɛkspəˈdɪʃən/ n
ekspedycja wyprawa
An important enterprise, implying a change of place

expel /ɪkˈspɛl/ v
wyganiać wygnać wygonić wypędzać wypędzić
to deport
wydalać wydalić wyrzucać wyrzucić
to eject
wydalać wydalić wykluczać wykluczyć
to remove from membership

expense /ɪkˈspɛns/ n
wydatek
a spending or consuming; disbursement; expenditure

expensive /ɪkˈspɛnsɪv/ adj
drogi
having a high price or cost

expensively adv
drogo
in an expensive manner

experience /ɪkˈspɪə.ɹɪəns/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.əns/ n
doświadczenie
activity which one has performed
collection of events and/or activities from which an individual or group may gather knowledge
event(s) of which one is cognizant
the knowledge thus gathered

experience /ɪkˈspɪə.ɹɪəns/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.əns/ v
doświadczyć
to observe or undergo

experienced /ɪkˈspɪə.ɹɪənst/ /ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.ənst/ adj
doświadczony
having experience

experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ɪ.mənt/ n
eksperyment doświadczenie próba
test under controlled conditions

experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ɪ.mənt/ v
eksperymentować przeprowadzać doświadczenie
to conduct an experiment

experimental /ɨkspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/ adj
eksperymentalny
of or pertaining to an experiment

expert /ˈɛkspət/ /ˈɛkspɚt/ n
ekspert specjalista
person with extensive knowledge or ability

expertise /ˌɛkspɚˈtiːs/ n
ekspertyza
advice or opinion of an expert

expiation n
ekspiacja
an act of atonement

expire /ɪkˈspaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ v
wygasnąć
become invalid

explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v
wyjaśniać objaśniać objaśnić wyjaśnić
report

explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ n
wyjaśnienie objaśnienie
the act or process of explaining

explicit /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/ adj
jasny szczegółowy wprost
very specific

explode /ɪkˈsploʊd/ /ɪkˈspləʊd/ v
wybuchać wybuchnąć
to explode (intransitive)

exploit /ɪksˈplɔɪt/ /ˈɛksplɔɪt/ n
wyczyn
heroic or extraordinary deed

exploit /ɪksˈplɔɪt/ /ˈɛksplɔɪt/ v
wykorzystywać wyzyskiwać
use for one’s advantage

exploitation /ˌɛkˌsplɔɪˈteɪʃn̩/ n
spożytkowanie wykorzystanie wyzysk
act of exploiting

explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/ /ɪkˈspləʊ.ʒən/ n
wybuch eksplozja
violent release of energy

explosive adj
wybuchowy
easily driven to anger
with the capability to, or likely to, explode

exponent /ɛkˈspəʊnənt/ /ˈɛkspoʊnənt/ n
wykładnik
(in mathematics) the power to which something is raised

exponential /ˌɛk.spoʊ.ˈnɛn.tʃəl/ /ˌɛk.spəʊ.ˈnɛn.tʃəl/ adj
wykładniczy
expressed in terms of a power of e

exponentially /ɛkspə(ʊ)ˈnɛnʃəli/ adv
wykładniczo
in an exponential manner

expose /ɪkˈspoʊz/ /ɪkˈspəʊz/ v
odsłonić ukazać
to reveal, uncover, make visible, bring to light, introduce to
naświetlić
to subject photographic film to light

exposition /ɛkspəˈzɪʃən/ n
wystawa
action of putting something out to public view

express /ɛk.ˈspɹɛs/ /ɪkˈspɹɛs/ v
wyrażać wyrazić
to convey meaning

express train n
pociąg pospieszny
a train making limited stops

expression /ɪkˈspɹɛʃ.ən/ n
wyrażenie
(computing) a piece of code in a high-level language that returns a value
mathematics: arrangement of symbols
process of translating a gene into a protein
wyraz twarzy mina wyrażenie
facial appearance
wyrażenie zwrot
particular way of phrasing an idea
colloquialism or idiom

expressionism n
ekspresjonizm
movement in the arts

expressly /ɪkˈspɹɛsli/ adv
wyraźnie
in an expressive or explicit manner

expressway n
droga ekspresowa
NZ: high speed road, not built to freeway standards
autostrada
US: divided highway

expropriate v
wywłaszczać wywłaszczyć
to deprive a person of their property

expropriation /ɛksˌpɹoʊpɹiˈeɪʃən/ n
wywłaszczenie
act of expropriating

expulsion /ɪkˈspʌlʃən/ n
wydalenie
the act of expelling or the state of being expelled

exquisite /ɪkˈskwɪzɪt/ adj
wyborny wyśmienity
especially fine

extant /ɛkˈstænt/ /ˈɛkstənt/ adj
istniejący
still in existence

extemporize v
improwizować zaimprowizować
to act, particularly to perform or speak, without prior planning or thought

extended family n
rodzina rozszerzona
family (parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren etc)

extension /ɪkˈstɛnʃən/ n
rozciągłość
anatomy: that property of a body by which it occupies a portion of space
rozszerzenie
computing: optional software component

extension cord n
przedłużacz
an electrical cord

extensive /ɛksˈtɛn.sɪv/ adj
rozległy
wide

extent /ɪksˈtɛnt/ n
stopień
space, area, volume to which something extends

external /ɛksˈtɝnəl/ /ɪksˈtɜːnəl/ adj
zewnętrzny
outside of something

extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ adj
wygasły zagasły
extinguished, no longer alight (of fire, candles etc.)
wymarły
having died out
wygasły
no longer erupting
martwy
no longer used; obsolete, discontinued

extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃ(ə)n/ n
wygaszenie wymarcie wytępienie
the action of making or becoming extinct

extinguish /ɪkˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ v
wymazać
(literally) to hunt down (a species) to extinction
stłumić
to destroy or abolish something
ugasić
to obscure or eclipse something
stłumić ugasić zgasić
to put out, as in fire; to end burning; to quench

extirpate /ˈɛkstəpeɪt/ /ˈɛkstɚpeɪt/ v
wyplenić
to destroy completely
wykorzenić
to pull up by the roots
usunąć
to surgically remove

extortion /ɪkˈstɔːɹʃn/ /ɪkˈstɔːʃn/ n
wymuszenie zdzierstwo
the practice of extorting money or other property

extra time n
dogrywka

extraction n
wydobywanie
act of extracting
pochodzenie
one's origin, lineage or ancestry
usunięcie
removal of a tooth from its socket

extractor hood n
wyciąg
kitchen device

extragalactic adj
ekstragalaktyczny pozagalaktyczny
originating outside of a galaxy

extramarital adj
pozamałżeński
taking place outside marriage

extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔː(ɹ)dɪnəɹi/ adj
nadzwyczajny niezwykły
not ordinary

extraplanetary adj
pozaplanetarny
originating or located outside of a planet

extrapolation n
ekstrapolacja
calculation of an estimate

extrasensory perception /ˌɛkstɹəˈsɛnsəɹi pəˈsɛpʃən/ n
postrzeganie pozazmysłowe
supposed ability to obtain information without the use of normal sensory channels

extrasolar adj
pozasłoneczny
originating outside the Solar System

extraterrestrial /ˌɛk.stɹə.təˈɹɛst.ɹi.əl/ /ˌɛkstɹətɚˈɛstɹi.əl/ adj
pozaziemski
originating from outside of the Earth

extraterrestrial /ˌɛk.stɹə.təˈɹɛst.ɹi.əl/ /ˌɛkstɹətɚˈɛstɹi.əl/ n
kosmita kosmitka
being originating from outside of the Earth

extravagance n
ekstrawagancja
excessive expenditure

extravagant /ɪkˈstɹævəɡənt/ adj
ekstrawagancki
exceeding the bounds of something

extravaganza /ɪkˌstɹæv.əˈɡæn.zə/ n
fanaberie
event or display of fantastic or chaotic behaviour or conduct

extreme /ɪkˈstɹiːm/ adj
skrajny drastyczny
drastic, or of great severity
nadzwyczajny
excessive, or far beyond the norm
skrajny
in the greatest or highest degree; intense
of a place, the most remote, farthest or outermost
ekstremalny
of sports, difficult or dangerous; performed in a hazardous environment

extreme /ɪkˈstɹiːm/ n
skrajność
drastic expedient
greatest or utmost point, degree or condition
ekstremum ekstrema
each of the things at opposite ends of a range or scale

extremism n
ekstremizm
extreme ideas or actions

extremum n
ekstremum
mathematics

eye /aɪ/ n
ucho oko
hole in needle
oczko oko
of a potato
oko
organ
of a hurricane
ability to notice what others might miss
mark on an animal resembling an eye

eye /aɪ/ v
przypatrywać się
to observe carefully or appraisingly

eye for an eye n
oko za oko, ząb za ząb oko za oko
compensation for an injury

eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth proverb
oko za oko, ząb za ząb
compensation for an injury

eye of a needle n
ucho
small gap in a needle

eye of the storm n
oko cyklonu
region of calm weather

eye patch n
opaska na oko przepaska na oko
patch worn to cover one eye

eye shadow n
cień do powiek
makeup around the eyes

eye socket n
oczodół
socket of eye

eye up v
lustrować
To examine

eyeball n
gałka oczna
ball of the eye

eyebright n
świetlik
any of the flowering plants of the genus Euphrasia

eyebrow /ˈaɪˌbɹaʊ/ n
brew
hair that grows over the bone ridge above the eye socket

eyebrow pencil n
ołówek do brwi
makeup used to define or draw on the eyebrows

eyelash /ˈaɪlæʃ/ n
rzęsa
hair growing on the edge of an eyelid

eyelid /ˈaɪ.lɪd/ n
powieka
(anatomy) a thin skin membrane that covers and moves over an eye

eyeliner n
kredka do oczu
makeup

eyesight /ˈaɪˌsaɪt/ n
wzrok widzenie
faculty of sight

eyewitness n
naoczny świadek
person who has seen and can testify about an event

eyrie /ˈɛɹi/ /ˈɪəɹi/ n
orle gniazdo
bird of prey's nest

f-word n
słowo na K
euphemism for the equivalent of the word "fuck"

fable /ˈfeɪbəl/ n
bajka
fictitious narration to enforce some useful truth or precept

fabliau n
fabliau
short farcical tale

fabric /ˈfæb.ɹɪk/ n
struktura
framework underlying a structure
tkanina materiał
material made of fibers
faktura struktura tekstura
texture of a cloth

fabric softener n
zmiękczania
a chemical agent used to prevent static cling and make fabric softer

facade /fəˈsaːd/ /fəˈsɑːd/ n
fasada
face of a building

face /feɪs/ n
mina wyraz twarzy grymas
facial expression
twarz oblicze lice lico
front part of head
ściana
geometry: bounding surface of a polyhedron
twarz oblicze
public image

face to face adv
twarzą w twarz
in person

face value n
wartość nominalna
the stated value or amount

facebooker n
facebookowicz
Facebook's user

facepalm /ˈfeɪsˌpɑː(l)m/ v
ukryć twarz w dłoniach
bring the face to the palm of the hand

facet /ˈfæsɪt/ n
faseta
flat surface cut into a gem
fasetka
one member of a compound eye

facial expression n
wyraz twarzy mina
expression or countenance that seems to an onlooker to be represented by the appearance of a person's face

facial hair n
zarost
hair on the face of a human

facilitate /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ v
ułatwiać torować upraszczać
to make easy or easier

facilitator n
pomocnik
person who helps a group to have an effective dialog without taking any side of the argument

fact /fækt/ n
fakt
an honest observation
an objective consensus on a fundamental reality
something actual
something concrete used as a basis for further interpretation
information about a particular subject
something which has become real

faction /ˈfæk.ʃən/ n
frakcja stronnictwo
group of people

factor /ˈfæktə/ /ˈfæktɚ/ n
czynnik faktor
influence
mathematical sense
integral part

factorial /fækˈtɔːɹi.əl/ n
silnia faktoriał
mathematical operation or its result

factory /ˈfæktəɹi/ n
fabryka zakład
manufacturing place

factotum /fækˈtoʊ.təm/ /fækˈtəʊ.təm/ n
faktotum
person having many responsibilities

factual /ˈfak(t)ʃʊəl/ /ˈfæk(t)ʃuəl/ /ˈfɛk(t)ʃʉɘl/ adj
faktyczny
of facts

faculty /ˈfæ.kəl.ti/ n
zdolność
ability, skill, or power
wydział
division of a university

fad /fæd/ n
moda
phenomenon

fade /feɪd/ v
więdnąć
to grow weak, lose strength
gasnąć
to vanish

faded /ˈfeɪdɪd/ adj
wyblakły
of colour that has lost its intensity

fag /fæɡ/ n
pedał ciota pedzio homoś
homosexual man

faggot /ˈfæ.ɡət/ n
ciota pedał
annoying person

faggotry /ˈfæɡətɹi/ n
pedalstwo
the quality of being a faggot

faience n
fajans
type of tin-glazed earthenware ceramic

fail /feɪl/ v
nie udać się
be unsuccessful
przestać działać
cease to operate

failure /ˈfeɪljɚ/ n
brak nieudacznik
object or person incapable of success
niepowodzenie porażka
state or condition opposite of success
awaria defekt usterka
termination of the ability of an item to perform its required function

faintly /ˈfeɪntli/ adv
lekko słabo
in a faint manner; very quietly or lightly

fair /feː(ə)/ /fɛə/ /fɛɚ/ /fɪə/ adj
sprawiedliwy
just, equitable

fair /feː(ə)/ /fɛə/ /fɛɚ/ /fɪə/ n
targi
professional event, trade fair

fair play n
fair play
good behavior

fair sex n
słaba płeć płeć piękna
women

fairing n
owiewka
aircraft fairing

fairly /ˈfɛə(ɹ).li/ /ˈfɛɹ.li/ adv
fair
in a fair manner

fairy /ˈfɛəɹi/ /ˈfɛɹi/ /ˈfɛːɹɪ/ n
ciota pedzio szwagier teściu
(derogatory slang) effeminate male homosexual
wróżka wiła
mythical being

fairy ring n
czarcie koło
ring of fungi

fairy tale n
bajka baśń
folktale

fairy-tale adj
bajeczny baśniowy
of the nature of a fairy tale; as if from a fairy tale

fait accompli /ˈfeɪt.əˌkʌm.pli/ n
fakt dokonany
established fact

faith /feɪθ/ n
wiara
feeling that something is true

faith will move mountains proverb
wiara góry przenosi
proverb

faithful /ˈfeɪθ.fəl/ adj
wierny
having faith
loyal; adhering firmly to person or cause

fajr n
fadżr
dawn prayer

falafel /fəˈlɑfəl/ /fəˈlɑːfəl/ n
falafel
single falafel ball

falchion /ˈfɑltʃən/ /ˈfɔltʃən/ /ˈfɔːlʃən/ n
tasak
sword

falcon /ˈfælkən/ /ˈfɔː(l)kən/ n
sokół
bird of the genus Falco

falconer /ˈfælkənɚ/ /ˈfɒl.kən.ə(ɹ)/ n
sokolnik
a person who breeds or trains hawks

falconry n
sokolnictwo
sport of hunting by using trained birds of prey

faldstool n
faldistorium
portable, folding chair used by a bishop

fall /fɑl/ /fɔl/ /fɔːl/ n
spadanie spadek
act of moving in gas or vacuum under the effect of gravity from a point to a lower point
upadek
loss of greatness or status

fall /fɑl/ /fɔl/ /fɔːl/ v
padać
come down or descend
polegnąć
die
spadać spaść
move to a lower position under the effect of gravity
paść
prostrate oneself

fall asleep v
odchodzić odejść
euphemism for "to die"
zasnąć usnąć zasypiać usypiać
to pass into sleep

fall behind v
spóźniać się
to be late

fall ill v
zachorować
become ill

fall in love v
zakochać się
to come to have feelings of love
to come to have feelings of love towards each other

fall victim v
paść ofiarą
to suffer through no fault of one's own

fallacious /fə.ˈleɪ.ʃəs/ adj
chybiony mylny
characterized by fallacy; false or mistaken

fallback /ˈfɔːl.bæk/ n
plan awaryjny
a backup plan
upadek
an act of falling back

fallen angel n
upadły anioł
angel who was exiled from heaven

fallible adj
omylny
capable of making mistakes or being wrong

fallow /ˈfæloʊ/ /ˈfæləʊ/ n
ugór
ground left unseeded for a year
uncultivated land

fallow deer /ˈfæl.əʊˌdɪə/ n
daniel
Dama dama, a ruminant mammal

falls /fɑlz/ /fɔːlz/ n
wodospad
A waterfall

false /fɔls/ /fɔːls/ adj
sztuczny
spurious, artificial
fałszywy nieprawdziwy
untrue, not factual, wrong

false alarm n
fałszywy alarm
warning sound that turns out to be erroneous

false friend /ˌfɒls ˈfɹɛnd/ /ˌfɔls ˈfɹɛnd/ n
fałszywy przyjaciel
type of word

false hellebore n
gorzykwiat
Adonis vernalis
ciemiężyca
Veratrum

false morel n
piestrzenica
mushroom of the genus Gyromitra

false negative /ˈfɔls ˈnɛɡətɪv/ /ˈfɔːls ˈnɛɡətɪv/ n
wynik fałszywie ujemny
result of a test that shows as absent something that is present

false positive n
fałszywy alarm wynik fałszywie dodatni
result of a test that shows as present something that is absent

false start n
falstart
starting before the signal

falsetto /fɔlˈsɛt.oʊ/ /fɔːlˈsɛt.əʊ/ n
falset
"false" (singing) voice in any human

falsifiability n
falsyfikacja
quality of being falsifiable

falsify /ˈfɒlsɪfaɪ/ v
falsyfikować fałszować podrabiać sfingować
to alter so as to be false

fame /feɪm/ n
sława
state of being famous

familiar /fəˈmɪl.i.ə/ /fəˈmɪl.jɚ/ adj
znajomy
acquainted
poufały
inappropriately intimate or friendly
bliski
intimate or friendly
znany znajomy
known to one

familiar /fəˈmɪl.i.ə/ /fəˈmɪl.jɚ/ n
chowaniec
attendant spirit

family /ˈfæm(ə)li/ /ˈfæm(ɪ)li/ /ˈfɛm(ɘ)li/ adj
familijny rodzinny
suitable for children and adults

family /ˈfæm(ə)li/ /ˈfæm(ɪ)li/ /ˈfɛm(ɘ)li/ n
rodzinny
(used attributively)
rodzina ród
group of people related by blood, marriage, law, or custom
rodzina
immediate family, e.g. parents and their children
rank in a taxonomic classification, above both genus and species
linguistics: a group of languages believed to have descended from the same ancestral language
music: a group of instrument having the same basic method of tone production

family business n
interes rodzinny
business whose owners are all members of the same falimy

family jewels n
klejnoty
testicles

family planning n
planowanie rodzina
birth control, especially when carried out by monogamous heterosexual couples

family tree n
drzewo genealogiczne
family tree

famine /ˈfæmɪn/ n
głód
extreme shortage of food in a region
a period of extreme shortage of food in a region

famished /ˈfæmɪʃt/ adj
wygłodzony zgłodniały
extremely hungry

famous /ˈfeɪməs/ adj
sławny
well known

fan /fæn/ [feən] n
wentylator wiatrak
electrical device
wachlarz
hand-held device
anything resembling a hand-held fan
fan fanka kibic miłośnik wielbiciel zapaleniec
admirer

fan /fæn/ [feən] v
rozdmuchać
move or spread in multiple directions from one point
wachlować
to blow air on by means of a hand-held fan
dmuchać wentylować
to blow air on by means of an electric fan

fan page n
fan page fanpage
fansite

fanatic /fəˈnæt.ɪk/ adj
fanatyczny
fanatical
nawiedzony opętany
showing evidence of possession by a god or demon

fanatic /fəˈnæt.ɪk/ n
fanatyk fanatyczka
one who is zealously enthusiastic

fanatical /fəˈnætɪkəl/ adj
fanatyczny
having an extreme, irrational zeal or enthusiasm

fanaticism n
fanatyzm
characteristic or practice of being a fanatic

fanciful adj
dziwaczny
imaginative or unreal

fancy /ˈfæn.si/ adj
ekstrawagancki fikuśny wydumany wymyślny wyszukany
(colloquial) Unnecessarily complicated
ekstrawagancki nietypowy wyszukany
Of a superior grade

fancy /ˈfæn.si/ n
zachcianka
A whim

fancy /ˈfæn.si/ v
chcieć
would like to

fanfuckingtastic adj
zajekurwabisty zajekurwabiście
vulgar: fantastic, great

fang /fæŋ/ n
kieł
canine tooth

fanservice n
fanserwis
Inclusion in a work of fiction of any material, especially racy or sexual material.

fantasia /fænˈteɪzɪə/ /fænˈteɪʒə/ n
fantazja
form of composition

fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ adj
fantastyczny
existing in or constructed from fantasy
fantastyczny niesamowity
not believable, only possible in fantasy
wonderful, marvelous, excellent, extraordinarily good

fantastical /fænˈtæstɪkəl/ adj
fantasy
pertaining to fantasy

fantasy /ˈfæntəsi/ n
fantasy
literary genre

far /fɑɹ/ /fɑː/ adj
daleki
remote in space

far /fɑɹ/ /fɑː/ adv
daleko daleki
distant in space, time, or degree

far right /ˌfɑːˈɹʌɪt/ n
skrajna prawica
extreme right wing

far-fetched adj
naciągany
not likely

farad n
farad
unit of capacitance

farce /fɑɹs/ /fɑːs/ n
farsa
style of humor
ridiculous or empty show
situation full of ludicrous incidents

fare /feɚ/ /fɛə(ɹ)/ /fɛɹ/ n
pasażer
paying passenger

fare /feɚ/ /fɛə(ɹ)/ /fɛɹ/ v
jechać
to travel

fare dodger n
gapowicz gapowiczka
a person who deliberately avoids payment for public transport

farewell /fɛəˈwɛl/ /fɛɹˈwɛl/ adj
pożegnalny
parting, valedictory, final

farewell /fɛəˈwɛl/ /fɛɹˈwɛl/ n
pożegnanie
an act of departure
a wish of happiness at parting

farm /fɑːm/ /fɑːɹm/ n
gospodarstwo farma
a place where agricultural activities take place

farmer /fɑɹmɚ/ /fɑːmə/ n
rolnik farmer rolniczka farmerka
person who works the land and/or who keeps livestock

farmhand n
parobek
farm worker

farrier /ˈfæɹi.ə/ /ˈfæɹi.əɹ/ /ˈfɛɹi.əɹ/ n
podkuwacz
person who trims and shoes horses' hooves

farrow /ˈfæɹoʊ/ /ˈfæɹəʊ/ n
miot prosiąt
litter of piglets

farrow /ˈfæɹoʊ/ /ˈfæɹəʊ/ v
prosić się
give birth to (a litter of piglets)

farsightedness n
nadwzroczność
condition of being unable to focus on near objects
dalekowzroczność
quality of being considerate about what might happen in the future

fart /fɑɹt/ /fɑːt/ n
pierdnięcie bąk cichacz pierd
an emission of flatulent gases

fart /fɑɹt/ /fɑːt/ v
pierdzieć
to emit flatulent gases

fasciated antshrike n
zebrzak
Cymbilaimus lineatus

fascicle /ˈfæsɪkəl/ n
fascykuł

fascism /ˈfæʃɪz(ə)m/ n
faszyzm
extreme totalitarian political regime

fascist /ˈfæʃɪst/ adj
faszystowski
of or relating to fascism
supporting the principles of fascism

fascist /ˈfæʃɪst/ n
faszysta faszystka
proponent of fascism

fashion /ˈfæʃən/ n
moda
current (constantly changing) trend, favored for frivolous rather than practical, logical, or intellectual reasons
popular trends
sposób styl
style, or manner, in which to do something

fashion show n
rewia
event

fast /fæst/ /fɑːst/ adj
szybki
capable of moving with great speed

fast /fæst/ /fɑːst/ adv
szybko prędko bystro
with great speed

fast /fæst/ /fɑːst/ v
pościć
to abstain from food

fast food n
fast food
type of meal that is often pre-prepared and served quickly

fasten /ˈfæsən/ /ˈfɑːsən/ v
zapinać zapiąć
to attach or connect in a secure manner

faster-than-light adj
nadświetlny ponadświetlny
faster than light is

fastidious /fæˈstɪdi.əs/ adj
wybredny
difficult to please
drobiazgowy skrupulatny
excessively particular

fasting n
post
act or practice of abstaining from or eating very little food
period of time when one abstains from or eats very little food

fat /fæt/ adj
gruby
carrying a larger than normal amount of fat on one's body
thick

fat /fæt/ n
tłuszcz
specialized animal tissue
refined substance chemically resembling the oils in animal fat

fatalism n
fatalizm
doctrine that all events are subject to fate

fate /feɪt/ n
los przeznaczenie
destiny
los przeznaczenie dola
that which predetermines events

father /ˈfaː.ðə/ /ˈfæ.ðəɹ/ /ˈfɑ.ðɚ/ /ˈfɑː.ðə(ɹ)/ n
ojciec tata
male parent
ojciec
term of address for a priest

father-in-law n
teść świekr
one's spouse's father

fatherhood /ˈfɑ.ðɚˌhʊd/ /ˈfɑːðəˌhʊd/ n
ojcostwo
being a father

fatherland n
ojczyzna macierz
country of one's ancestry

fathom /ˈfæðəm/ n
sążeń
unit of length

fatigue /fəˈtiːɡ/ n
zmęczenie
weariness
material failure due to cyclic loading

fatigues /fəˈti-ɡz/ n
bojówki
military clothing

fatless adj
beztłuszczowy
without fat

fatten /ˈfætən/ v
tuczyć utuczyć
to cause to be fatter

fatwa /ˈfatwɑː/ /ˈfætwɑ/ n
fatwa
legal opinion, decree or ruling issued by a mufti

faubourg /ˈfəʊbʊəɡ/ n
przedmieście
an outlying part of a city or town

fault /fɑlt/ /fɔlt/ /fɔːlt/ n
wina
blame; responsibility for a mistake
wada
defect
uskok
geology fracture in rock
błąd
mistake or error

faultless adj
bezbłędny nieskazitelny
without fault

faun n
Faun Faunus
a mythical creature

fava bean n
bób
Vicia faba

favor /ˈfeɪvə/ /ˈfeɪvɚ/ n
przysługa
deed in which help is voluntarily provided

favourable /ˈfeɪv(ə)ɹəbəl/ adj
szczęśliwy
auspicious
dogodny
opportune
sprzyjający
useful

favourite /ˈfeɪv.ɹɪt/ adj
ulubiony
preferred

favourite /ˈfeɪv.ɹɪt/ n
faworyt
contestant or competitor thought most likely to win
ulubienica ulubieniec
person who enjoys special regard or favour

favouritism n
faworyzowanie
unfair favouring

fawn /fɔːn/ adj
płowy
pertaining to the colour

fawn /fɔːn/ n
płowy
colour
jelonek
young deer

fawn /fɔːn/ v
łasić się
to exhibit affection
to wag tail
kadzić nadskakiwać podlizywać się schlebiać płaszczyć się włazić w dupę
to seek favour by flattery

fax /fæks/ n
faks fax telefaks telefax
document transmitted by telephone

fax /fæks/ v
faksować przefaksować
send document

faze /feɪz/ v
zbić z tropu
to frighten or cause hesitation; to daunt, put off; to disconcert, perturb

fealty /ˈfiːlti/ n
wierność
fidelity to one's lord

fear /fɪə/ /fɪəɹ/ n
lęk strach
a phobia; sense of fear induced by something or someone
strach niepokój
uncountable: emotion caused by actual or perceived danger or threat

fear /fɪə/ /fɪəɹ/ v
bać lękać niepokoić niepokój przyjmować
feel fear about (something)

fearless adj
nieustraszony
free from fear

fearlessness n
nieustraszoność
quality of being fearless

fearsome adj
straszny
frightening, especially in appearance

feasibility n
wykonalność
state of being feasible

feasible /ˈfiːzəbəl/ adj
możliwy osiągalny wykonalny
that can be done in practice

feast /fiːst/ n
biesiada uczta
large, often ceremonial meal

feast for the eyes n
uczta dla oczu
a visually pleasing sight

feat /fiːt/ n
osiągnięcie wyczyn
an accomplishment that's relatively rare or difficult

feather /ˈfɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɛð.ɚ/ n
pióro
branching, hair-like structure that grows on the bodies of birds

feathered adj
pierzasty
covered with feathers

feathergrass n
ostnica
Stipa

featherweight n
waga piórkowa
weight division

feature /ˈfitʃɚ/ /ˈfiːtʃə/ n
funkcja możliwość
computing: beneficial capability of a piece of software
cecha właściwość
important or main item

feature film n
film pełnometrażowy
film shown in cinemas before being released for home viewing

fecal /ˈfiːkəl/ adj
kałowy
of or relating to feces

feces /ˈfiːsiːz/ n
kał

fed up adj
mieć dość
frustrated

federal /ˈfɛdəɹəl/ adj
związkowy federalny
pertaining to a league or treaty; derived from an agreement or covenant between parties, especially between nations
federalny
pertaining to the national government level

federation /ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪʃn̩/ n
federacja
array of nations or states

fedora /fəˈdɔɹə/ /fɪˈdɔːɹə/ n
borsalino fedora
a felt hat

feed /ˈfiːd/ n
kanał
encapsulated online content that you can subscribe to with a feed reader

feed /ˈfiːd/ v
karmić żywić
to give food to eat

feedback /ˈfiːdˌbæk/ n
informacje zwrotne opinia zwrotna uwagi
critical assessment of process or activity
sprzężenie zwrotne
signal that is looped back to control a system within itself

feedstock n
surowiec
raw material constituting the principal input for an industrial process

feel /fiːl/ v
czuć czuć się
intransitive: to experience an emotion or other mental state
czuć poczuć
transitive: to experience an emotion or other mental state about
czuć
transitive: to sense by touch
mieć uczucie uważać
transitive: to think or believe

feeler /ˈfiːlə/ /ˈfiːləɹ/ n
czułek
an antenna or appendage used to feel, as on an insect

feeler gauge n
szczelinomierz
set of thin strips for measuring

feeling /ˈfilɪŋ/ /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ n
uczucie
emotion
sensation
uczucia uczucie
in plural: emotional state or well-being

feldspar n
skaleń
any of a large group of rock-forming minerals

feline /ˈfiːlaɪn/ adj
koci
of or pertaining to cats

fellatio /fəˈleɪ.ʃi.oʊ/ /fəˈleɪ.ʃi.əʊ/ n
fellatio
oral stimulation of penis

fellow /ˈfɛloʊ/ /ˈfɛləʊ/ n
kolega
a colleague or partner
kamrat
a companion; a comrade
gość
a male person; a man

felony /ˈfɛ.lə.ni/ n
ciężkie przestępstwo zbrodnia
A serious criminal offense

felt /fɛlt/ n
filc
cloth made of matted fibres of wool

felt-tip pen n
flamaster mazak pisak
pen that holds ink conveyed to a writing surface by a felt nib

female /ˈfiː.meɪl/ adj
żeński
belonging to the sex that typically produces eggs, or the gender typically associated with it
having an internal socket

female /ˈfiː.meɪl/ n
samica kobieta
one of the feminine sex or gender

female circumcision n
klitoridektomia obrzezanie kobiet
operation involving removal of any of various parts of the female external genital organs

female ejaculation n
ejakulacja u kobiet
forceful expulsion of fluids from the vagina

female genital mutilation n
wyrzezanie
the complete amputation or partial cutting of the external female genitalia

femicide /ˈfɛmɪsaɪd/ n
kobietobójstwo
killing of women

feminazi n
feminazistka feminazista
intolerant radical feminist

feminine /ˈfɛmɪnɪn/ adj
kobiecy
having the qualities associated with women
żeński
of the feminine grammatical gender distinction
of the female sex

feminine /ˈfɛmɪnɪn/ n
rodzaj żeński
(grammar)

femininity /fɛmɪˈnɪnɪti/ n
kobiecość żeńskość
femininity

feminism /ˈfɛmɪnɪz(ə)m/ n
feminizm
the social theory or political movement

feminist /ˈfɛmənɪst/ adj
feministyczny
relating to or in accordance with feminism

feminist /ˈfɛmənɪst/ n
feminista feministka
advocate of feminism; person who believes in bringing about the equality of men and women
member of a feminist political movement

feministically adv
feministycznie
in a feministic way

femme fatale /fɛm fəˈtæl/ /fɛm fəˈtɑːl/ n
kobieta fatalna
seductive and dangerous woman

fence /fɛns/ n
płot ogrodzenie
barrier
paser
someone who hides or buys and sells stolen goods

fence /fɛns/ v
ogradzać ogrodzić
to enclose by building a fence
walczyć na szable walczyć na szpady
to engage in (the sport) fencing

fencing n
szermierka
sport

fender /ˈfɛnd.ə(ɹ)/ n
odbijacz
nautical term
błotnik
panel of a car
shield on a bicycle

fender-bender n
stłuczka
minor car accident

fennec /ˈfɛnɨk/ n
fenek
fox

fennel /ˈfɛnəl/ n
fenkuł koper
Foeniculum vulgare, the plant
koper włoski fenkuł
bulb, leaves, or stalks eaten as a vegetable

feral /ˈfɛɹəl/ adj
dziki zdziczały
wild, untamed, especially of domesticated animals having returned to the wild

feral cat n
dachowiec zdziczały kot
domesticated cat returned to the wild

fermata /fɜːɹˈmɑːtə/ /fɜːˈmɑːtə/ n
fermata
holding a note beyond its usual duration or the notation representing it

fermion /ˈfɜːmɪɒn/ n
fermion
particle with totally antisymmetric composite quantum states

fermionic adj
fermionowy
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of fermions

fermium /ˈfɜːɹmiəm/ n
ferm
chemical element

fern /fɜːn/ /fɝn/ n
paproć
plant

ferocious /fəˈɹəʊʃəs/ adj
okrutny bestialski brutalny
Marked by extreme and violent energy

ferociously adv
bestialsko brutalnie okrutnie
in a ferocious manner

ferret /ˈfɛɹɪt/ n
fretka
the mammal Mustela putorius furo

ferrimagnetism n
ferrimagnetyzm
a form of antiferromagnetism

ferrite /ˈfɛɹaɪt/ n
ferryt

ferroconcrete n
żelbet
building material

ferroelectric adj
ferroelektryczny
physical effect

ferrofluid n
ferrofluid
a fluid containing dispersed magnetic particles

ferromagnetic adj
ferromagnetyczny
easily magnetized

ferromagnetism n
ferromagnetyzm
the phenomenon whereby certain substances can become permanent magnets

ferrous /ˈfɛɹəs/ adj
żelazawy
chemistry
żelazny
of or containing iron

ferruginous hawk n
myszołów królewski
Buteo regalis

ferry /ˈfɛɹi/ /ˈfɛɹɪ/ n
prom
boat

fertile /ˈfɜːtaɪl/ /ˈfɝːtaɪl/ /ˈfɝːtəl/ adj
płodny
(biology) capable of reproducing
żyzny
(of land etc) capable of growing abundant crops

fertility /fɚːˈtɪləti/ n
płodność
the condition, or the degree of being fertile

fertilizer /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə/ /ˈfɜːɹtəlaɪzəɹ/ n
nawóz
a natural substance that is used to make the ground more suitable for growing plants
a chemical compound created to have the same effect.

fescue /ˈfɛskjuː/ n
kostrzewa
grass

fess /fɛs/ n
pas
band

fester /ˈfɛstə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɛstɚ/ v
zaognić się
become septic or rotten

festival /ˈfɛstəvəl/ n
festiwal święto
event or community gathering

fetid /ˈfɛtɪd/ adj
cuchnący
foul-smelling

fetish /ˈfɛt.ɪʃ/ n
fetysz
something believed to possess spiritual or magical powers
something nonsexual which arouses sexual desire
irrational or abnormal fixation

fetishism n
fetyszyzm
paraphilia where the object of attraction is an inanimate object or a part of a person's body

fetter /ˈfet.ə/ /ˈfɛt.ə/ /ˈfɛt.ɚ/ n
kajdany okowy pęta pęto
object used to bind a person or animal by its legs

fetus /ˈfiːtəs/ n
płód
fetus

feud /fjuːd/ n
waśń wróżda
A state of long-standing mutual hostility

feudal /ˈfjuː.dəl/ [ˈfju.ɾɫ̩] adj
feudalny
of, or relating to feudalism

feudalism /ˈfju.dəlɪzəm/ n
feudalizm
social system

feudalization n
feudalizacja
feudal system

feuilleton /ˈfɜːjətɒn/ n
felieton
article that appears in a feuilleton

feuilletonist n
felietonista
a writer of feuilletons

fever /ˈfivɚ/ /ˈfiːvə/ n
gorączka temperatura
higher than normal body temperature
gorączka
usually in combination: any of various diseases

few /fju/ /fjuː/ determiner
mało niewiele
indefinite, usually small number
kilka parę
small number

few and far between adj
rzadki
rare and scarce

fewer /ˈfjuːɚ/ determiner
mniej
comparative of few; a smaller number

fez n
fez
type of hat

fiancé /fiˈɑnseɪ/ /fiˈɒ̃seɪ/ n
narzeczony
man who is engaged to be married

fiancée /fiˈɑnseɪ/ /fiˈɒ̃seɪ/ n
narzeczona
woman who is engaged to be married

fiasco /fɪˈæs.kəʊ/ n
fiasko klęska poruta
ludicrous or humiliating situation

fibre /ˈfaɪ.bə(ɹ)/ n
włókno
single elongated piece of material

fichu /ˈfɪʃ(j)uː/ n
fichu
woman's lightweight triangular scarf

fiction /ˈfɪk.ʃən/ n
fikcja
invention

fictional adj
fikcyjny
invented, as opposed to real

fictitious /fɪkˈtɪʃəs/ adj
fikcyjny
invented

fictive /ˈfɪktɪv/ adj
fikcyjny
fictional, fanciful or invented

fiddle /ˈfɪd(ə)l/ /ˈfɪdl̩/ n
oszustwo
fraud
skrzypce
instrument

fiddler n
skrzypek
one who plays the fiddle

fideism /ˈfideɪɪzəm/ n
fideizm
doctrine

fideist n
fideista
subscriber to fideism

fidelity /fɪˈdɛl.ɪ.ti/ n
wierność
accuracy, or exact correspondence to some given quality or fact
loyalty, especially to one's spouse
the degree to which an electronic system accurately reproduces a given sound or image

fidget /ˈfɪdʒ.ɪt/ n
wiercipięta
a person who fidgets

field /fild/ /fiːld/ n
dziedzina pole
course of study or domain of knowledge or practice
ciało
in mathematics
pole
land area free of woodland, cities, and towns; open country
physics: region affected by a particular force
computing: area of memory or storage reserved for a particular value
place where a battle is fought
heraldry: background of the shield
geology: region containing a particular mineral
sports: area reserved for playing a game
pole pastwisko
wide, open space used to grow crops or to hold farm animals

field hospital n
szpital polowy
medical unit

field maple n
klon polny paklon
Acer campestre

field marshal n
feldmarszałek marszałek polny
highest military rank after the commander in chief

fieldfare /ˈfiːldfɛə/ n
kwiczoł
Turdus pilaris

fiend /fiːnd/ n
czart demon diabeł
demon

fierce /fɪəs/ /fɪɹs/ adj
zawzięty
extremely violent, severe, ferocious or savage

fiercely /fɪəsli/ /fɪɹsli/ adv
gwałtownie ostro zawzięcie
in a fierce manner

fiery /ˈfaɪəɹi/ adj
ognisty
having the colour of fire

fifteen /fɪfˈtiːn/ /ˈfɪf.tiːn/ numeral
piętnaście piętnaścioro
cardinal number

fifteenth /ˌfɪfˈtiːnθ/ adj
piętnasty
ordinal form of number fifteen

fifth /fɪft/ /fɪfθ/ /fɪθ/ adj
piąty
Ordinal form of the number 5

fifth column n
piąta kolumna
a group of people which clandestinely undermines a larger group, such as a nation, to which it is expected to be loyal

fifth wheel n
piąte koło
anything superfluous or unnecessary

fiftieth /ˈfɪf.ti.əθ/ adj
pięćdziesiąty
the ordinal form of the number fifty

fifty /ˈfɪfti/ numeral
pięćdziesiąt
cardinal number

fifty-eight numeral
pięćdziesiąt osiem
cardinal number

fifty-five numeral
pięćdziesiąt pięć
cardinal number

fifty-four numeral
pięćdziesiąt cztery
cardinal number

fifty-nine numeral
pięćdziesiąt dziewięć
cardinal number

fifty-one numeral
pięćdziesiąt jeden
cardinal number

fifty-seven numeral
pięćdziesiąt siedem
cardinal number

fifty-six numeral
pięćdziesiąt sześć
cardinal number

fifty-three numeral
pięćdziesiąt trzy
cardinal number

fifty-two numeral
pięćdziesiąt dwa
cardinal number

fig /fɪɡ/ n
figa
fruit
figowiec
tree or shrub

fight /faɪt/ [fʌɪt] n
bitwa bój batalia
battle
walka
conflict of will, strife
martial arts match
bój bójka
occasion of fighting
starcie
physical confrontation
bojowość
will or ability to fight

fight /faɪt/ [fʌɪt] v
walczyć bić
(intransitive) to contend in physical conflict
walczyć
to counteract
(transitive) to contend in physical conflict against

fighter /ˈfaɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈfaɪtɚ/ n
myśliwiec
aircraft type
bojownik wojownik
person who fights
żołnierz
warrior

fighter plane n
samolot myśliwski
military aircraft

fighting /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/ adj
bijący się walczący wojujący
engaged in a fight

figure /ˈfɪɡjɚ/ /ˈfɪɡə/ /ˈfɪɡɚ/ n
osoba postać
a person, representing a certain consciousness
rysunek
drawing
figura sylwetka
human figure; shape of human body
cyfra
numeral
kształt
shape

figure /ˈfɪɡjɚ/ /ˈfɪɡə/ /ˈfɪɡɚ/ v
zrozumieć
to come to understand

figure skate n
łyżwa figurowa
an ice skate used for figure skating

figure skating n
łyżwiarstwo figurowe
sport where people perform spins, jumps and other moves on skates

figurehead /ˈfɪɡjəɹˌhɛd/ n
figurant
someone in a nominal position of leadership

figurine /fɪɡ(j)əˈɹin/ /fɪɡəˈɹin/ n
statuetka
a small carved or molded figure

file /faɪl/ n
plik
computer terminology
collection of papers
kolumna
chess: vertical line of squares
pilnik
cutting or smoothing tool

file /faɪl/ v
opiłować opiłowywać
to smooth with a file

file extension n
rozszerzenie
string of characters

filename /ˈfaɪlneɪm/ n
nazwa pliku
name assigned to a file

filicide /ˈfɪ.lɪ.sʌɪd/ n
dzieciobójstwo
killing
dzieciobójca dzieciobójczyni
person who kills his or her own child

filigree /ˈfɪl.ɪ.ɡɹiː/ n
filigran
a delicate and intricate ornamentation made from gold or silver twisted wire

filing /faɪ.lɪŋ/ n
archiwizacja
act of storing documents in an archive; archiving
opiłek
particle that has been removed by a file or similar implement; a shaving

fill /fɪl/ v
napełniać napełnić
add contents to, so it is full
napełniać zapełniać napełnić zapełnić
occupy fully, take up all of

fill out /fɪl aʊt/ v
wypełniać
to complete a form
zaokraglić
to have one's physique expand

filling /ˈfɪlɪŋ/ [ˈfɪɫlɪŋ] adj
syty
of food, that satisfies the appetite by filling the stomach

filling /ˈfɪlɪŋ/ [ˈfɪɫlɪŋ] n
wypełnienie
anything used to fill something
nadzienie
contents of a pie, etc.
plomba
in dentistry

fillip /ˈfɪlɪp/ n
prztyczek
action of holding the tip of a finger against the thumb and then releasing it with a snap

filly /ˈfɪli/ n
klaczka
young female horse

film /fɪlm/ /ˈfɪləm/ n
film klisza
photographic film
warstwa
thin layer

film director n
reżyser
person

filmmaker n
filmowiec
producer or director of films / movies

filter /ˈfɪltə/ /ˈfɪltɚ/ n
filtr
device for separating impurities from a fluid or other substance
any device or procedure that acts to separate or isolate
electronics or software to separate unwanted signal
collection of subsets

filter /ˈfɪltə/ /ˈfɪltɚ/ v
napływać powoli sączyć się
to come or go a few at a time
rozpraszać rozproszyć
to diffuse
przenikać przeniknąć sączyć się
to pass through a filter or to act as though passing through a filter
filtrować
to sort, sift, or isolate

filth /fɪlθ/ n
brud
dirt

filthy /ˈfɪlθi/ adj
brudny
covered with filth; very dirty
sprośny
obscene or offensive

filthy rich adj
obrzydliwie bogaty
very rich

fin /fɪn/ n
płetwa
appendage of a fish
appendage of a cetacean or other marine animal

final /ˈfaɪ.nəl/ adj
ostatni końcowy
last; ultimate
końcowy
linguistics: occurring at the end of a word

final /ˈfaɪ.nəl/ n
finał
sports: last round in a contest

final solution n
ostateczne rozwiązanie
planned and attempted mass murder of the European Jews

finale /fɨˈnɑli/ /fɪˈnɑːli/ n
finał
grand end of something, especially a show or a piece of music

finally /ˈfaɪ.nl̩.i/ /ˈfaɪ.nəl.i/ adv
w końcu
lastly

finance /ˈf(a)ɪˌnæns/ n
finanse
management of money and other assets

finance /ˈf(a)ɪˌnæns/ v
finansować
to obtain or provide funding for a transaction or undertaking

financial /faɪˈnænʃəl/ adj
finansowy
related to finances

finch /fɪntʃ/ n
zięba ziarnojad
any bird of the family Fringillidae

find /faɪnd/ n
znalezisko
anything found

find /faɪnd/ v
znajdować znaleźć
encounter, locate, discover

find out v
dowiedzieć się
to discover

fine /faɪn/ /fæːn/ adj
fajny
good-looking, attractive

fine /faɪn/ /fæːn/ n
grzywna mandat
payment for breaking the law

fine arts n
sztuki piękne
purely aesthetic arts

fine feathers make fine birds proverb
jak cię widzą, tak cię piszą
fine feathers make fine birds

finesse /fɪˈnɛs/ n
impas
(card games) technique to win a trick
przebiegłość
property of having elegance, grace, refinement, or skill

finger /ˈfɪŋəɹ/ /ˈfɪŋɡə/ /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ n
palec
(anatomy) extremity of the hand

fingerboard n
podstrunnica podstrunnik
part of musical instrument

fingering n
palcówka
sexual act

fingernail /ˈfɪŋɡɚˌneɪl/ n
paznokieć
covering near the tip of finger

fingertip /ˈfɪŋɡɚˌtɪp/ n
opuszka
the end of the finger

finial /ˈfɪn.i.əl/ n
kwiaton
decorative fitting

finical /ˈfɪnɪkəl/ adj
drobiazgowy skrupulatny wybredny
finicky, fastidious, overly precise or delicate

finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ n
koniec
end

finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ v
skończyć
to come to an end
dokonać dokonywać kończyć skończyć
to complete

finish line n
meta
line marking end of a race

finite /ˈfaɪnaɪt/ adj
ograniczony skończony
having an end or limit

finite-dimensional adj
skończeniewymiarowy
having a basis consisting of a finite number of elements

finity n
skończoności
state or characteristic of being limited

fir /fɜː(ɹ)/ /fɝ/ /fɪɹ/ n
jodła
conifer of the genus Abies

fire /ˈfaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈfaɪəɹ/ /ˈfɑe.ə(ɹ)/ [ˈfäːɚ] n
ogień
alchemy: one of the basic elements
elements to start a fire
in-flight bullets
pożar ogień
damaging occurrence of fire
piec ogień
heater or stove used in place of real fire
ogień żar
instance of this chemical reaction
ogień pożar
oxidation reaction

fire /ˈfaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈfaɪəɹ/ /ˈfɑe.ə(ɹ)/ [ˈfäːɚ] v
zwolnić zwalniać wylać wylewać
to terminate the employment of

fire brigade /ˈfaɪə(ɹ)bɹɪˌɡeɪd/ n
straż pożarna
organization for preventing and putting out fires

fire engine /faɪə(ɹ).ɛn.dʒɪn/ /faɪɚ.ɛn.dʒɪn/ n
samochód pożarniczy wóz strażacki
fire truck

fire escape n
wyjście ewakuacyjne wyjście pożarowe
emergency doors, ladders etc. as a class
droga ewakuacyjna
emergency escape route

fire extinguisher /ˈfaɪəɹ ɪkˌstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ.ə(ɹ)/ n
gaśnica
device for putting out a fire

fire hose n
wąż pożarowy
hose designed to deliver water to douse a fire

fire hydrant n
hydrant
a device used by firefighters to obtain water from the main

fire ship n
brander
wooden ship

fire station n
budynek straży pożarnej straż pożarna
building for firefighters

fire-bellied toad n
kumak
any toad of the genus Bombina

firearm n
broń palna
personal weapon

firebrand /ˈfaɪə.bɹænd/ /ˈfaɪɚ.bɹænd/ n
podżegacz podżegaczka
argumentative troublemaker or revolutionary
głownia żagiew
torch or other burning stick

firebug n
kowalik
Pyrrhocoris apterus

firecrest n
zniczek
passerine bird

firefighter /ˈfaɪ.ə(ɹ)ˌfaɪt.ə(ɹ)/ n
strażak strażaczka
person who puts out fires

firefly n
świetlik
Lampyridae

fireplace /ˈfaɪəpleɪs/ /ˈfaɪɹpleɪs/ n
kominek
open hearth

firewall /ˈfaɪ(ə)ɹˌwɔl/ /ˈfaɪ.əˌwɔːl/ /ˈfaɪə.wɔəl/ n
zapora sieciowa
computer software
ściana ogniowa
fireproof barrier

firewood n
drewno na opał drwa
wood intended to be burned, typically for heat

firework n
fajerwerk
exploding device

fireworks /ˈfaɪ̯.ə.wɜːks/ /ˈfaɪ̯.ɚ.wɝks/ n
sztuczne ognie
event or display of fireworks
fajerwerk sztuczne ognie
plural of firework

firm /fɜɹm/ /fɜːm/ n
firma

firmly /fɜːmli/ /fɝmli/ adv
pewnie stanowczo twardo
in a firm or definite or strong manner
mocno
securely

firmware n
oprogramowanie układowe oprogramowanie sprzętowe
firmware

first /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ /fɪrst/ adj
pierwszy
numeral first

first /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ /fɪrst/ adv
najpierw pierwszy
before anything else

first /fɜːst/ /fɝst/ /fɪrst/ n
pierwszy
person or thing in the first position

first aid n
pierwsza pomoc
basic care

first come, first served proverb
kto pierwszy, ten lepszy
people will be dealt with in the order they arrive

first floor n
pierwsze piętro
floor above the ground floor
parter
floor at the level of the street

first love n
pierwsza miłość
one's first feeling of romantic love

first name n
imię
name chosen by parents

first of all adv
najpierw przede wszystkim
before anything else

first person n
pierwsza osoba
the form of a pronoun verb used when the subject of a sentence is making the statement

firstborn adj
pierworodny
born as the first one in a family

firstborn n
pierworodny
the first child in a family

firstly /ˈfɜɹstli/ adv
po pierwsze
In the first place

fish /fɘʃ/ /fɪʃ/ n
łowienie ryb
period of time spent fishing
ryba
vertebrate animal
flesh of fish as food
collective plural of fish

fish /fɘʃ/ /fɪʃ/ v
łowić ryby
intransitive: to try to catch fish

fish in troubled waters v
łowić ryby w mętnej wodzie
to take advantage from a chaotic situation

fish oil n
tran
dietary supplement

fish slice n
łopatka
kitchen utensil used to turn foodstuffs in a frying pan

fish trap n
więcierz
contraption to catch fish

fishbone n
ość
bone of a fish

fisher /ˈfɪʃə/ /ˈfɪʃɚ/ n
rybak
person who fishes
kuna wodna
marten

fisherman n
rybak
person catching fish

fisheye lens n
rybie oko
wide-angle lens with extremely wide field of view

fishhook /ˈfɪʃˌhʊk/ n
haczyk haczyk wędkarski
barbed hook for fishing

fishing /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ n
wędkarstwo
act or sport of catching fish
rybołówstwo
business of catching fish

fishing line n
żyłka
chord or line where the hook or lure is attached

fishing rod n
wędka
rod used for angling

fishlike adj
rybi
like a fish

fishpond n
rybnik staw rybny
freshwater pond stocked with fish

fishy /ˈfɪʃi/ adj
rybi
of, from, or similar to fish
podejrzany śmierdzący
suspicious; inspiring doubt

fishy /ˈfɪʃi/ n
rybka
little fish

fissile adj
rozszczepialny
capable of undergoing nuclear fission
łupliwy
easily split along a grain

fission /ˈfɪʃən/ n
podział
process by which a bacterium splits into two
rozszczepienie
process of splitting an atom

fissiparous /fɪˈsɪpəɹəs/ adj
kruchy
Factious, tending to break into pieces.

fist /fɪst/ n
pięść
clenched hand

fist bump n
żółwik
fist bump

fistful n
garść
fistful

fistula /ˈfɪs.tjə.lə/ n
przetoka
abnormal connection or passageway between organs or vessels

fit out v
wyposażyć wyposażać
to provide a thing, a group, a person or oneself with requisites

fitting /fɪtɪŋ/ n
przymiarka
the act of trying on clothes to inspect or adjust the fit

fitting room n
przymierzalnia
a room in a store for trying on clothes

five /faɪv/ /fäːv/ /fɑev/ n
piątka pięć
digit

five /faɪv/ /fäːv/ /fɑev/ numeral
pięć pięcioro
five

five hundred /ˈfaɪv ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ numeral
pięćset
cardinal number 500

five senses n
pięć zmysłów
sight, hearing, smell, taste}} and touch

five thousand numeral
pięć tysięcy
5000

fivesome n
piątka
group of five

fix /ˈfɪks/ n
dylemat
a difficult situation or dilemma
naprawa
an instance of fixing

fix /ˈfɪks/ v
mocować przymocować zamocować
to attach; to affix; to hold in place
naprawić naprawiać
to mend or repair
przygotowywać
to prepare
kastrować sterylizować
to render an animal infertile

fixed point adj
stałoprzecinkowy
in computing

fizzle /ˈfɪzəl/ v
spalić na panewce
to decay or die off to nothing

fjord /fiˈɔ(ə)ɹd/ /ˈfiːɔːd/ n
fiord
long, narrow, deep inlet

flabellum /fləˈbɛləm/ n
wachlarz
fan-shaped structure
large fan

flacon n
flakon
small bottle

flag /fleɪɡ/ /flæɡ/ n
flaga
piece of cloth or often its representation
true-or-false variable
computer science: notation for optional behaviour

flagpole /ˈflæɡˌpoʊl/ n
flagsztok maszt flagowy
pole for flags

flagrant /ˈfleɪ.ɡɹənt/ adj
rażący
obvious and offensive

flagship /ˈflæɡʃɪp/ n
okręt flagowy
ship occupied by the fleet's commander

flail /fleɪl/ n
cep
tool
kiścień
weapon

flame /fleɪm/ adj
ognistoczerwony
colour

flame /fleɪm/ n
krytycyzm
criticism
kochanka kochanek
romantic partner
płomień
visible part of fire

flame /fleɪm/ v
rozniecać rozniecić rozpalać rozpalić
to produce flames

flame war n
flame war
A written dispute

flamethrower /ˈfleɪmˌθɹoʊ.ɚ/ n
miotacz ognia miotacz płomieni
device that projects a flame

flamingo /fləˈmɪŋɡoʊ/ n
flaming czerwonak
bird

flammability n
łatwopalność
the condition of being flammable

flammable adj
łatwopalny łatwopalna łatwopalne
capable of burning

flaneur n
włóczęga
one who wanders aimlessly

flank /flæŋk/ n
łata
cut of meat
bok
flesh between the last rib and the hip
flanka skrzydło
side of military formation

flank /flæŋk/ v
flankować oskrzydlać
to attack the flank(s)

flannel /ˈflænəl/ adj
flanelowy
made of flannel

flare /fle͜ɚ/ /flɛ͜ə/ n
rakietnica
type of pyrotechnic
szwedy
widening of the lower legs of trousers and jeans

flare up v
wybuchać wybuchnąć
burst out suddenly, as in anger

flash /flæʃ/ n
błysk
burst of light

flash drive n
pamięć USB PenDrive pendrajw pendrive
storage device

flash memory n
pamięć USB pendrive
rewritable memory

flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/ n
fiszka
memorization aide

flashlight /ˈflæʃˌlaɪt/ n
latarka
battery-powered hand-held light source

flask /flæsk/ /flɑːsk/ n
manierka
container for a small amount of beverage
kolba
laboratory glassware

flat /flæt/ adj
płaski równy
having no variations in altitude
niski za
lower in pitch than it should be
flakowaty sflaczały
of a tyre: deflated
wyczerpany
unable to generate power
bezbarwny nijaki
uninteresting
odgazowany wygazowany zwietrzały
with its carbon dioxide having come out of solution
monotonny
without variations in pitch

flat /flæt/ adv
płasko
so as to be flat

flat /flæt/ n
flak
flat tyre/tire
bemol
music: note played a semitone lower than a natural
but
plural: ladies' shoes

flat tyre n
flak guma
deflated tyre

flatfish n
flądra
fish of the order Pleuronectiformes

flatfoot n
platfus płaskostopie
condition

flatly /ˈflætli/ adv
kategorycznie
in a manner showing complete certainty
beznamiętnie
in a manner that shows no emotions

flatten /ˈflætən/ v
spłaszczyć się wyrównać się
to become flat
kłaść położyć zwalać zwalić
to knock down or lay low
równać spłaszczyć wyrównać
to make something flat

flatter /ˈflætə/ /ˈflætɚ/ n
gładzik kowalski
hammer

flatter /ˈflætə/ /ˈflætɚ/ v
pochlebiać schlebiać
to compliment someone
to enhance someone's vanity

flatterer n
pochlebca lizus
one who flatters

flattery n
pochlebstwo
excessive praise
instant of excessive praise

flatulist /ˈflætʃəlɪst/ n
flatulista
a professional farter

flatworm n
płaziniec
worm of Platyhelminthes

flaunt /flɑːnt/ /flɒnt/ /flɔnt/ /flɔːnt/ v
afiszować się obnosić się
to display with ostentation

flautist n
flecista flecistka
flute player

flavor /ˈfleɪvə/ /ˈfleɪvɚ/ n
odmiana
a type of something
smak
the quality produced by the sensation of taste

flaw /ˈflɑ/ /ˈflɔ/ /ˈflɔː/ n
wada
defect, fault

flawless /ˈflɑː.ləs/ /ˈflɔː.ləs/ adj
bezbłędny doskonały
perfect; without flaws, shortcomings or defects

flax /flæks/ n
len
plant
the fibers

flaxen /ˈflæk.sən/ adj
jasnobrązowy lniany
color
lniany
material

flaxseed /ˈflæksiːd/ n
siemię lniane
seed of the flax plant

flay /fleɪ/ v
oskalpować
to strip skin off

flayer n
rakarz
one who flays

flea /fliː/ n
pchła
parasitic insect

flea market n
pchli targ
an outdoor market selling inexpensive antiques, curios

flee /fliː/ v
ulatniać się ulotnić się
to disappear quickly
uciekać uciec umknąć umykać zbiec
to escape from
uciekać uciec zbiec umknąć umykać
to run away; to escape

fleece /fliːs/ n
runo wełna
hair or wool of a sheep

fleet /flit/ /fliːt/ n
flota tabor
group of vessels or vehicles

fleeting /ˈfliːtɪŋ/ adj
przelotny nikły
passing quickly

flerovium /flɪˈɹoʊviəm/ n
flerow
chemical element

flesh /flɛʃ/ n
ciało mięso
body tissue
cielisty
colour
miąższ
edible part of fruit/vegetable

fleshy /ˈflɛʃi/ adj
mięsisty
having considerable flesh

fleur-de-lis /ˌflɜːdəˈliːs/ /ˌflɝdəˈlis/ n
fleur-de-lis
heraldic charge

flex /flɛks/ v
napinać prężyć
to tighten one's muscles

flexible /ˈflɛk.sɪ.bəl/ adj
elastyczny rozciągliwy gibki
easily bent without breaking

flexitarianism n
fleksitarianizm semiwegetarianizm
The practice of eating mainly vegetarian with exceptions

flibbertigibbet /ˈflɪbɚtiˌdʒɪbɪt/ /ˌflɪbətiˈdʒɪbɪt/ n
gaduła trzpiotka
offbeat, skittish person

flicker /ˈflɪkə/ /ˈflɪkɚ/ n
mgnienie
a short moment
błysk
an unsteady flash of light
dzięcioł
Small woodpecker of the genus Colaptes

flicker /ˈflɪkə/ /ˈflɪkɚ/ v
migać migotać
to keep going on and off

flight /flaɪt/ n
lot
act of flying
journey made by an aircraft
instance of flying
stado
group of doves or swallows
ucieczka
act of fleeing

flight attendant n
steward stewardesa
member of the crew of an airplane who is responsible for the comfort and safety of its passengers

flight feather n
lotka
wing feather

flight number n
numer rejsu
callsign

flightless adj
nielotny
unable to fly

flint /flɪnt/ n
krzemień krzemyk
hard fine-grained quartz which generates sparks when struck
krzesiwo
piece of flint, such as gunflint used to produce a spark

flip the bird v
pokazać środkowy palec
to make a rude or obscene gesture, particularly with the middle finger

flip-flop /ˈflɪpˌflɑp/ /ˈflɪpˌflɒp/ n
przerzutnik
bistable electronic circuit

flipper /ˈflɪpə/ /ˈflɪpɚ/ n
bilard flipper
flat lever in a pinball machine
płetwa
marine mammal's wide limb for swimming

flirt /flɜːt/ /flɝt/ v
flirtować bałamucić czarować kokietować mizdrzyć się podrywać
to play at courtship

flixweed n
stulicha psia
Descurainia sophia

floater /ˈfloʊ.təɹ/ /ˈfləʊ.tə/ n
mroczek
a speck in the visual field that seems to move, possibly caused by degeneration of the vitreous humour

floating point adj
zmiennoprzecinkowy
computing

floating-point number n
liczba zmiennoprzecinkowa
computing
liczba zapisana w notacji wykładniczej
number of the form a x bc

floccinaucinihilipilification /ˌflɒksɪˌnɔːsɪˌnaɪhɪlɪˌpɪlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
brak uznania dla
act or habit of describing or regarding something as unimportant

flock /flɑk/ /flɒk/ n
stado
group of sheep or goats
group of birds

floe /fləʊ/ n
kra
a low, flat mass of floating ice

flog /flɑɡ/ /flɒɡ/ v
chłostać
to whip or scourge someone or something as punishment

flogging /ˈflɒɡɪŋ/ n
chłosta
punishment

flood /flʌd/ n
powódź natłok nawał ogrom potok
large number or quantity
powódź potop
overflow of water

flood /flʌd/ v
zalewać
to cover as if by a flood
to overflow
to provide with a large number of quantity

flooded /ˈflʌdɪd/ adj
zalane
filled with water

floor /flo(ː)ɹ/ /floə/ /flɔɹ/ /flɔː/ n
podłoga
bottom part of a room

floorball n
unihokej
hockey-like ball game

floorboard n
deska podłogowa
any of the long boards laid over joists to make a floor

flop /flɑp/ /flɒp/ n
klapa niewypał
failure, especially in the entertainment industry

flop /flɑp/ /flɒp/ v
klapa
to fail completely, not to be successful at all

floppy disk n
dyskietka
flexible disk used for storing digital data

floppy drive n
stacja dyskietek
device for reading floppy disks

flora /ˈflɔː.ɹə/ n
flora
plants considered as a group

floral /ˈflɔɹəl/ /ˈflɔːɹəl/ adj
kwiatowy
of or pertaining to flowers

floriculture n
kwiaciarstwo
the farming of flowers

florist /ˈflɒɹɪst/ n
kwiaciarz florysta florystka kwiaciarka
a person who sells flowers

florist's n
kwiaciarnia
a shop that sells flowers

flotilla /floʊˈtɪlə/ n
flotylla
small fleet

flounder /ˈflaʊndɚ/ n
fląderka tornia
Platichthys flesus

flour /ˈflaʊə/ /ˈflaʊɚ/ n
mąka
ground cereal grains

flout /flaʊt/ /flʌʊt/ v
zlekceważyć
to express contempt for the rules by word or action
gardzić
to scorn

flow /floʊ/ /fləʊ/ n
przepływ
the movement of a fluid
rate of fluid movement
przypływ
the rising movement of the tide

flow /floʊ/ /fləʊ/ v
płynąć przepływać
to move as a fluid

flower n
kwiat
reproductive structure in angiosperms

flower /ˈfloʊɚ/ /ˈfləʊə/ v
kwitnąć
to put forth blooms

flowerbed n
kwietnik
place where flowers are grown

flowerpot /ˈflaʊəˌpɒt/ /ˈflaʊɚˌpɑt/ n
doniczka
container in which plants are grown

flu /fluː/ /flʉː/ n
grypa
influenza

fluency /ˈfluːənsi/ n
płynność
linguistics: being fluent in a language

fluent /ˈfluənt/ /ˈfluːənt/ adj
płynny biegły
able to speak a language accurately and confidently

fluently adv
biegle płynnie
expressing oneself easily
płynnie
having graceful movements

fluff /flʌf/ n
puch puszek
light fur etc

fluffy /flʌfi/ adj
puchaty
covered with fluff
puszysty
light; soft; airy

fluid /ˈfluːɪd/ adj
płynny
convertible into cash
in a state of flux; subject to change
moving smoothly
ciekły płynny płynowy
of or relating to fluid

fluid /ˈfluːɪd/ n
płyn ciecz
any state of matter which can flow

fluke /fluːk/ n
fuks szczęśliwy traf
stroke of luck
łapa (kotwicy)
anchor blade
przywra
parasitic flatworm

flunk /flʌŋk/ v
oblać
to fail
to deny a passing grade

fluorescent lamp n
świetlówka
gas-discharge lamp

fluorine /ˈflɔːɹiːn/ /ˈflʊəɹiːn/ n
fluor
chemical element

fluorite n
fluoryt
mineral

fluorophore n
fluorofor
molecule capable of fluorescence

flush /ˈflʌʃ/ n
spłuczka
cleansing of a toilet
kolor
poker hand

flush toilet n
klozet ubikacja
toilet that uses water to remove waste

flute /fluːt/ n
kanelur
architecture: vertical groove in a pillar
flet
woodwind instrument

flutter /ˈflʌtə/ /ˈflʌtɚ/ n
kołatanie palpitacja
abnormal rapid pulsation of heart
trzepot
act of fluttering

flutter /ˈflʌtə/ /ˈflʌtɚ/ v
trzepotać
to flap or wave quickly

fluvial adj
rzeczny
fluvial

fluvisol n
mada
soil type

flux /flʌks/ n
topnik
a chemical agent for cleaning metal prior to soldering or welding
strumień
the rate of transfer of energy (electric flux, magnetic flux)

fly /flaɪ/ adj
odwalony
well dressed

fly /flaɪ/ n
błystka wahadłowa wahadłówka
fishing lure
mucha
insect of the family Muscidae
insect of the order Diptera
rozporek
strip that hides the opening of trousers/pants or underpants

fly /flaɪ/ v
latać lecieć
to travel through air

fly-half n
łącznik ataku
rugby position

flyer n
ulotka

flying ace n
as myśliwski
military aviator

flying boat n
łódź latająca
fixed-winged seaplane

flying fox n
tyrolka
device consisting of a chair suspended on a pulley

flying saucer n
latający spodek
disc-shaped unidentified flying object

flying squirrel n
polatucha
squirrel

flyover n
wiadukt
road

flypaper n
lep na muchy
flypaper

flyswatter n
packa
device for swatting flies

flyweight n
waga musza
weight division in combat sports

flywheel n
koło zamachowe
rotating mass

foal /foʊl/ /fəʊl/ n
źrebię źrebak
young horse

foal /foʊl/ /fəʊl/ v
oźrebić
give birth (equestrian)

foam /foʊm/ /fəʊm/ n
piana
substance composed of a large collection of bubbles or their solidified remains

foam /foʊm/ /fəʊm/ v
pienić się
form or emit foam

foamy /foʊmi/ /fəʊmi/ adj
pienisty
full of foam

fob /fɒb/ n
łańcuszek
chain or ribbon
brelok
ornament

focal length n
ogniskowa
distance

focus /ˈfoʊ.kəs/ /ˈfəʊ.kəs/ n
ognisko
in optics
in mathematics
concentration of attention
quality of the convergence of light on the photographic medium

focus /ˈfoʊ.kəs/ /ˈfəʊ.kəs/ v
skupiać się skupić się
intransitive: to concentrate one's attention

fodder /ˈfɑdɚ/ /ˈfɒdə/ n
karma pasza obrok
food for animals

fog /fɑɡ/ /fɒɡ/ n
mgła
cloud that forms at a low altitude and obscures vision

foggy adj
mglisty
obscured by mist or fog

foie gras /ˌfwɑ ˈɡɹɑ/ /ˌfwɑː ˈɡɹɑː/ n
pasztet strasburski foie gras
fattened liver of geese or ducks

foil /fɔɪl/ n
folia
thin sheet of metal
thin aluminium/aluminum or tin used for wrapping food
floret
type of sword used in fencing

folder /ˈfoʊɫdɚ/ /ˈfəʊldə/ n
folder katalog
container of computer files
folder skoroszyt teczka
organizer

folding screen n
parawan
furniture

foliage /ˈfoʊliɪdʒ/ /ˈfəʊliɪdʒ/ n
listowie liść
the leaves of plants

folivore /ˈfəʊlɪvɔː(ɹ)/ n
liściożerca
herbivore that eats mostly foliage

folivorous adj
liściożerny
eating leaves

folk /foʊk/ /fəʊk/ adj
ludowy popularny zwyczajowy
believed or transmitted by the common people; not academically correct or rigorous
ludowy
of or related to local building materials and styles; not imported

folk /foʊk/ /fəʊk/ n
lud
inhabitants of a region

folk dance n
taniec ludowy
genre of dance

folk etymology n
etymologia ludowa etymologia popularna etymologia potoczna
false etymology

folk music n
folk
contemporary music in traditional style
muzyka ludowa
music originating from a specific region

folk song n
piosenka ludowa
song originating among the working people

folklore /ˈfəʊk.lɔː/ n
folklor
tales, legends and superstitions of a particular ethnic population

folklorism n
folkloryzm
use of tradition outside the cultural context in which it was created

folkloristics n
folklorystyka
formal academic study of folklore

folktale n
bajka ludowa
story that is part of the oral tradition of a people

follicle n
cebulka mieszek pęcherzyk torebka woreczek
anatomy
mieszek
botany

follow /ˈfɑloʊ/ /ˈfɒləʊ/ v
wynikać
to be a logical consequence of
wykonać
to carry out in accordance to
następować
to go or come after in a sequence
śledzić
to go or come after in physical space
to keep track of
wyznawać
to live one’s life according to
nadążać
to understand

follower n
wyznawca
one who adheres to the opinions, ideas or teachings of another

following /ˈfɑloʊɪŋ/ /ˈfɒləʊɪŋ/ adj
następny następujący
next in sequence or time

folly /ˈfɑli/ /ˈfɒli/ n
głupota
foolishness

fond /fɑnd/ /fɒnd/ v
lubić
be fond of, have affection for

fondue /fɑnˈdu/ /ˈfɒnduː/ n
fondue
dish

font /fɑnt/ /fɒnt/ n
zbiornik
a receptacle for oil in a lamp
chrzcielnica
a receptacle in church for holy water
czcionka
a computer file containing the code used to draw and compose the glyphs
typesetting: a grouping of consistently-designed glyphs
źródło
a source

fontanelle n
ciemiączko
soft spot on a baby's head

food /fud/ /fuːd/ n
jedzenie pożywienie jadło pica strawa
any substance consumed by living organisms to sustain life

food chain n
łańcuch pokarmowy
feeding relationship between species

food poisoning n
zatrucie pokarmowe
any food-borne disease

food processor n
malakser robot kuchenny
kitchen appliance

food web /ˈfud wɛb/ /ˈfuːd wɛb/ n
sieć pokarmowa sieć troficzna
diagram showing the organisms that eat other organisms in a particular ecosystem

fool /fuːl/ n
głupek głupiec dureń
person with poor judgement or little intelligence
głupiec
tarot card

fool /fuːl/ v
oszukać
to trick; to make a fool of someone

fool around v
wygłupiać
to engage in frivolous behaviour; to monkey around (idiomatic)

fool's mate n
mat głupi mat kooperacyjny mat szkolny mat żakowski
quickest possible checkmate

foolish /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/ adj
głupi niemądry
lacking good sense or judgement; unwise

foolishness n
głupota
state of being foolish
thing or event that is foolish

foosball /ˈfuːsˌbɔːl/ n
piłkarzyki
table soccer

foot /fʊt/ [fʊt̚] n
lik dolny
bottom edge of a sail }}
stopa
part of human body }}
unit of measure }}
part of animal’s body }}
bottom of anything }}
projection on equipment }}

foot /fʊt/ [fʊt̚] v
bulić
pay

foot job n
foot job
sexual act stimulated by foot

foot-and-mouth disease n
pryszczyca
foot-and-mouth disease

footage /ˈfʊtədʒ/ n
materiał filmowy
amount of film that has been used

footbag n
zośka
ball
game

football /ˈfʊtbɑl/ /ˈfʊtbɔl/ /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ [fʷʊʔt̚bɑɫ] [ˈfʊʔtbɔɫ] [ˈfʊʔt̚bɔːl] n
piłka nożna futbol
Association football
futbol australijski
game in Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia
piłka nożna
practise of any of these games

footballer /ˈfʊtbɔːlə/ /ˈfʊtbɔːləɹ/ n
piłkarz piłkarka nożna piłkarz nożny
one who plays football

footbridge n
przejście dla pieszych
bridge for pedestrians

footnote /ˈfʊtˌnoʊt/ /ˈfʊtˌnəʊt/ n
przypis
comment at the bottom of a printed page

footprint /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/ n
ślad
the impression of the foot

footstool /ˈfʊtˌstuːl/ n
podnóżek
a low stool

footwear n
obuwie
an item of clothing that is worn on the foot

footwrap n
onuca
a strip of cloth worn around the feet

for /foː(ɹ)/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː(ɹ)/ /fɘ(ɹ)/ /fə(ɹ)/ /fə/ /fɚ/ conjunction
dlatego że
because

for /foː(ɹ)/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː(ɹ)/ /fɘ(ɹ)/ /fə(ɹ)/ /fə/ /fɚ/ preposition
za
because of
dla
directed at, intended to belong to
towards
supporting
to obtain or acquire

for God's sake interjection
na litość boską na miłość boską rany boskie
Exclamation of anger, surprise, or impatience

for better or worse
na dobre i na złe
No matter what the future may hold

for example
na przykład
as an example

for free
za darmo bezpłatnie darmo gratis
without paying

for fuck's sake
do kurwy nędzy
expressing anger, frustration

for good
na dobre
forever; permanently

for sale
na sprzedaż
being offered for purchase

for short
w skrócie
As an abbreviated form

for the most part adv
przeważnie
mostly

for the sake of preposition
na
because of

for the time being adv
chwilowo na razie
temporarily; until later

foray /ˈfɒ.ɹeɪ/ /ˈfɔːɹ.eɪ/ n
najazd napad wypad
incursion

forbid /fə(ɹ)ˈbɪd/ v
zabraniać zakazywać zabronić zakazać odmawiać odmówić
to disallow

forbidden /fɝˈbɪdən/ adj
zabroniony zakazany wzbroniony
not allowed

forbidden fruit n
zakazany owoc
illicit pleasure
the fruit forbidden to Adam

forbidden fruit is the sweetest proverb
owoc zakazany jest najsłodszy zakazany owoc smakuje najlepiej
forbidden things seem more appealing

force /fo(ː)ɹs/ /foəs/ /fɔɹs/ /fɔːs/ n
siła
anything that is able to make a big change in person or thing
physical quantity
ability to attack, control, or constrain
siły
group that aims to attack, control, or constrain
moc siła
law: legal validity

force /fo(ː)ɹs/ /foəs/ /fɔɹs/ /fɔːs/ v
zmuszać zmusić
compel (someone to do something)

forcibly /ˈfɔːsəbli/ adv
na siłę przemocą siłą
in a forcible manner

ford /fo(ː)ɹd/ /foəd/ /fɔɹd/ /fɔːd/ n
bród
crossing

ford /fo(ː)ɹd/ /foəd/ /fɔɹd/ /fɔːd/ v
przeprawić
to cross a stream

fore /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ adj
przedni
forward; at or toward the front

forearm /ˈfɔɹˌɑɹm/ /ˌfɔɹˈɑɹm/ n
przedramię
part of the arm

forebrain n
przodomózgowie
part of the brain

forecast /ˈfɔɹkæst/ /ˈfɔːkɑːst/ n
prognoza zapowiedź
estimation

foreclosure n
zajęcie
proceeding by a creditor

forefather /ˈfɔɹˌfɑːðɚ/ /ˈfɔːˌfɑːðə/ n
przodek
ancestor

forefinger /ˈfɔɹˌfɪŋ.ɡɚ/ /ˈfɔːˌfɪŋ.ɡə/ n
palec wskazujący
first finger next to the thumb

foregoing /ˌfɔː(ɹ)ˈɡəʊ.ɪŋ/ adj
powyższy uprzedni
occurring before or in front of something else

forehead /ˈfɒɹɪd/ /ˈfɔɹɛd/ n
czoło
part of face above eyebrows

foreign /ˈfɒɹɪn/ /ˈfɔɹɪn/ adj
obcy
located outside one's own country or place
cudzoziemski zagraniczny obcy
originating from or characteristic of a different country

foreign affairs n
sprawy zagraniczne
policy

foreign country n
zagranica
country of which one is not a citizen

foreign currency n
dewizy waluta zagraniczna
currency used in a foreign country

foreign language n
język obcy
any language other than that spoken by the people of a specific place

foreign minister n
minister spraw zagranicznych
cabinet official

foreign trade n
handel zagraniczny
trade between a country and other countries

foreigner /ˈfɑɹ.ɪ.nɚ/ /ˈfɒɹ.ɪ.nə(ɹ)/ /ˈfɔɹ.ɪ.nɚ/ n
cudzoziemiec cudzoziemka
person in a foreign land

foreknow /ˌfɔɹˈnoʊ/ /ˌfɔːˈnəʊ/ v
wiedzieć z góry
to have foreknowledge of

foremast n
fokmaszt fok
foremost mast

foremost /ˈfɔː.məʊst/ adj
dziobowy
closest to the bow
czołowy
first

foremost /ˈfɔː.məʊst/ adv
z przodu
in front
głównie
prominently, forward

foremother n
pramatka
a female ancestor

forename /ˈfɔɹneɪm/ /ˈfɔːneɪm/ n
imię
a name that precedes surname

forenoon n
przedpołudnie
forenoon - part of the day before noon

forensic /fəˈɹɛn.zɪk/ adj
kryminalistyczny sądowy
relating to the use of science and technology in the investigation and establishment of facts or evidence in a court of law
sądowy
relating to, or appropriate for courts of law
oratorski
relating to, or used in debate or argument

forensic medicine n
medycyna sądowa
application of medical science to criminal investigation

forensic science n
kryminalistyka medycyna sądowa
collection of physical evidence and its subsequent analysis

foreplay /ˈfɔː(ɹ)pleɪ/ n
gra wstępna
foreplay

forerunner n
prekursor poprzednik
precursor, harbinger

foresee /fɔɹˈsi/ /fɔːˈsiː/ v
przewidywać
to anticipate

foresight n
dalekowzroczność przezorność zapobiegliwość
ability to foresee or prepare wisely for the future
muszka
front sight on weapon

foreskin /ˈfo(ː)ɹskɪn/ /ˈfoəskɪn/ /ˈfɔɹskɪn/ /ˈfɔːskɪn/ n
napletek
prepuce / foreskin

forest /ˈfɒɹɪst/ /ˈfɔɹɪst/ n
las
dense collection of trees

forester n
leśnik
person practicing forestry

forestry n
leśnictwo
science of planting and growing trees

foretell /fɔɹˈtɛl/ [foː.ˈteɫ] [fɔɹ.ˈtɛɫ] [fɔː.ˈtɛɫ] v
przepowiadać przepowiedzieć
to predict the future

forever /fəˈɹɛvə(ɹ)/ /fəˈɹɛvɚ/ adv
cały czas
(colloquially) constantly or frequently
całą wieczność
(colloquially) for a very long time
na zawsze
(colloquially) for an excessively long time
na zawsze na zawżdy po wsze czasy
for all time, for all eternity; for an infinite amount of time

forevermore /fɔːɹˈɛv.ɚ.mɔːɹ/ /fəˈɹɛv.ə.mɔː/ adv
na zawsze
at any or all times in the future; forever

forewarned is forearmed proverb
przezorny zawsze ubezpieczony
proverb

forfeit /ˈfɔɹ.fɪt/ /ˈfɔː.fɪt/ v
zrezygnować zrzec się
to give up in defeat
stracić
to suffer the loss

forge /fo(ː)ɹd͡ʒ/ /foəd͡ʒ/ /fɔɹd͡ʒ/ /fɔːd͡ʒ/ n
palenisko
furnace or hearth
kuźnia
workshop

forge /fo(ː)ɹd͡ʒ/ /foəd͡ʒ/ /fɔɹd͡ʒ/ /fɔːd͡ʒ/ v
fałszować podrabiać podrobić sfałszować
to create a forgery of
kuć wykuć
to shape a metal
posuwać się
to move forward gradually in the face of resistance

forged /fɔːdʒd/ adj
kuty
fabricated by forging
fałszywy podrobiony
fake (as documents)

forger n
fałszerz
person who falsifies documents with intent to defraud

forgery /ˈfɔː.dʒəɹ.ɪ/ /ˈfɔːɹ.dʒəɹ.ɪ/ n
falsyfikat podróbka
that which is forged or counterfeited
kucie
the act of forging metal into shape
fałszowanie podrabianie
the act of forging, fabricating or producing falsely

forget /fəˈɡɛt/ /fɚˈɡɛt/ v
zapominać zapomnieć
to cease remembering
to lose remembrance of
to unintentionally not do

forget it v
nieważne
I don't want to continue with this conversation
It doesn't matter

forget-me-not /fəˈɡɛt.miːˌnɒt/ /fɚˈɡɛt.miˌnɑt/ n
niezapominajka niezabudka
plant of the genus Myosotis

forgetful adj
zapominalski
liable to forget

forgive /fə(ɹ)ˈɡɪv/ /fɚˈɡɪv/ v
przebaczać darować darowywać odpuszczać odpuścić przebaczyć
transitive, to pardon

forgiveness /fəˈɡɪvnəs/ /fɚˈɡɪvnəs/ n
przebaczenie wybaczenie odpuszczenie
the action of forgiving

forgotten /fəˈɡɒt.n̩/ /fəˈɡʌt.n̩/ /fɚˈɡɑt.n̩/ adj
zapomniany
of which knowledge has been lost, which is no longer remembered

fork /fɔːɹk/ n
widelec widełki
eating utensil
chess: simultaneous attack
rozwidlenie
intersection
widły
pronged tool

forked adj
rozwidlony
that splits

forklift n
wózek widłowy
small industrial vehicle

forlorn hope /fəˌlɔːnˈhəʊp/ n
Forlorn hope
small troop that makes an advanced attack

form /fɔɹm/ /fɔːm/ n
formularz blankiet
document to be filled in

formal language n
język formalny
set of finite strings

formaldehyde n
aldehyd mrówkowy formaldehyd metanal
organic compound

formalism /ˈfɔɹml̩ˌɪzm̩/ /ˈfɔːməlɪz(ə)m/ n
formalizm
strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.

format /ˈfɔː(ɹ).mæt/ /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/ n
format układ
layout of a document

formate n
mrówczan
salt or ester of formic acid

formation /fɔɹ.meɪ.ʃən/ /fə(ɹ).meɪ.ʃən/ n
utworzenie
act of assembling a group or structure

former /ˈfɔɹmɚ/ /ˈfɔːmə/ adj
były
previous

former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia pn
Była Jugosłowiańska Republika Macedonii
provisional designation of the Republic of North Macedonia

formerly /ˈfɔɹmɚli/ /ˈfɔːməli/ adv
na przodzie przedtem
at some time in the past

formicivore n
mrówkożerca
organism that feeds on ants

formidable /fɔːɹˈmɪdəbəl/ /fɔːˈmɪdəbəl/ /ˈfɔːɹmɪdəbəl/ adj
groźny
causing fear, dread, awe or admiration as a result of size, strength, or some other impressive quality

formula /ˈfɔɹ.mjə.lə/ /ˈfɔː.mjʊ.lə/ n
wzór wzór chemiczny
in chemistry
wzór
in mathematics

fornicate /ˈfɔɹ.nɪ.kət/ /ˈfɔɹ.nɪˌkeɪt/ /ˈfɔː.nɪ.kət/ /ˈfɔː.nɪˌkeɪt/ v
cudzołożyć
to commit fornication

fornication /ˌfɔɹnɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
rozpusta
sexual intercourse, especially on the part of an unmarried person

fornix n
sklepienie
brain part

forsake /fɔɹˈseɪk/ v
opuścić porzucić
to abandon

forsooth /fɔɹˈsuθ/ adv
zaiste
indeed, truthfully, really

forsythia n
forsycja
shrub of genus Forsythia

fort /fo(ː)ɹt/ /foət/ /fɔɹt/ /fɔːt/ n
fort
any permanent army post
fortified defensive structure stationed with troops

forte /ˈfɔɹ.teɪ/ /ˈfɔɹteɪ/ /ˈfɔː.teɪ/ /ˈfɔːteɪ/ n
mocna strona
strength or talent

forth /fo(ː)ɹθ/ /foəθ/ /fɔɹθ/ /fɔːθ/ adv
naprzód
forward in time, place or degree

fortieth /ˈfɔɹ.ti.əθ/ /ˈfɔː.ti.əθ/ adj
czterdziesty
ordinal form of forty

fortification /ˌfɔː(ɹ)tɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
fortyfikacja umocnienie
that which fortifies
the act of fortifying

fortify /ˈfɔɹtɪfaɪ/ /ˈfɔːtɪfaɪ/ v
umocnić
increase the defenses of

fortitude /ˈfɔːtɪtjuːd/ n
hart
mental or emotional strength

fortnight /ˈfɔɹt.naɪt/ /ˈfɔːt.naɪt/ [ˈfɔəʔ.nɐjʔ] adv
dwa tygodnie
period of two weeks

fortnightly adj
dwutygodniowy
occurring once in a fortnight

fortnightly adv
co dwa tygodnie
once in a fortnight

fortnightly n
dwutygodnik
a publication issued fortnightly; a bi-weekly

fortochka /ˈfɔːtətʃkə/ n
kwatera lufcik
small ventilation window spanning the frame of a window

fortress /ˈfɔɹ.tɹəs/ /ˈfɔː.tɹəs/ n
forteca twierdza warownia
fortified place

fortunately /ˈfɔɹt͡ʃənɪtli/ /ˈfɔːt͡ʃənɪtli/ adv
na szczęście
in a fortunate manner

fortune /ˈfɔɹtʃən/ /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n
fortuna
destiny
szczęście
good luck

fortune favors the bold proverb
śmiałym szczęście sprzyja
luck favors the adventurous

fortuneteller n
wróżbiarz wróżka
person who professes to predict the future in return for money

forty /ˈfɔɹti/ [ˈfɑɹɾij] numeral
czterdzieści
the cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine

forty-eight numeral
czterdzieści osiem
48

forty-five numeral
czterdzieści pięć
45

forty-four numeral
czterdzieści cztery
44

forty-nine numeral
czterdzieści dziewięć
49

forty-one numeral
czterdzieści jeden
41

forty-seven numeral
czterdzieści siedem
47

forty-six numeral
czterdzieści sześć
46

forty-three numeral
czterdzieści trzy
43

forty-two numeral
czterdzieści dwa
Cardinal number

forum /ˈfɔːɹəm/ n
forum
Internet message board
place for discussion
form of discussion
gathering for the purpose of discussion

forward /foːd/ /ˈfoːwəd/ /ˈfɔɹ.wɚd/ /ˈfɔː.wəd/ adv
do przodu naprzód
towards the front

forward /foːd/ /ˈfoːwəd/ /ˈfɔɹ.wɚd/ /ˈfɔː.wəd/ n
napastnik
player nearest to the opposing soccer team

forwarding n
wysyłka
The act by which something is forwarded.

fossil /ˈfɑːsəl/ /ˈfɒsəl/ n
skamieniałość
The mineralized remains of an animal or plant
anything extremely old, extinct, or outdated

fossil fuel n
paliwo kopalne
fuel

fougasse n
fugas
old-fashioned type of land mine

foul /faʊl/ n
faul
offence in sports

found /faʊnd/ v
budować stworzyć tworzyć zbudować
to begin building
zakładać założyć
to start an organization

foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/ n
ufundowanie założenie
act of founding
podkład
cosmetic cream
fundacja
endowed institution or charity
fundament
that upon which anything is founded
lowest and supporting part or member of a wall

founder /ˈfaʊndə/ /ˈfaʊndɚ/ n
założyciel fundator
one who founds, establishes, and erects; one who lays a foundation; an author

foundling n
znajda
abandoned child, left by its parent

foundry /faʊndɹi/ n
odlewnia
facility that melts metals

fountain /ˈfaʊn.tn̩/ [ˈfaʊn.ʔn̩] n
fontanna
artificial water feature
structure from which a fountain issues

fountain of youth n
fontanna młodości
anything reputed to have the power to restore health and vitality

fountain pen n
wieczne pióro
pen containing a reservoir of ink

four /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /foː/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ n
czwórka cztery
the digit or figure 4

four /fo(ː)ɹ/ /foə/ /foː/ /fɔɹ/ /fɔː/ numeral
czwórka
set or group with four components
cztery czworo
the cardinal number 4

four hundred /ˈfoʊɹ ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ /ˈfɔː ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ numeral
czterysta
cardinal number 400

four of a kind n
kareta
four cards of the same rank

four thousand numeral
cztery tysiące
4000

four-eyes n
okularnica okularnik
person who wears spectacles

four-leaf clover n
czterolistna koniczyna
clover with four leaves

four-stroke engine n
czterosuw czterotakt silnik czterosuwowy
type of engine

fourhorn sculpin n
kur rogacz
a species of fish

fourteen /ˈfɔɹt.tin/ /ˈfɔː.tiːn/ /ˌfɔɹtˈtin/ /ˌfɔːˈtiːn/ numeral
czternaście czternaścioro
cardinal number

fourteenth /ˌfɔɹˈtiːnθ/ /ˌfɔːˈtiːnθ/ adj
czternasty
ordinal form of the number fourteen

fourth /fo(ː)ɹθ/ /foəθ/ /fɔɹθ/ /fɔːθ/ adj
czwarty
ordinal form of the number four

fowl /faʊl/ n
drób
bird of the order Galliformes
ptactwo
birds which are hunted or kept for food

fox /fɑks/ /fɒks/ n
lis
Vulpes
any of the species in the tribe Vulpini
cunning person

fox cub n
lisię
young fox

foxglove n
naparstnica
plant of the genus Digitalis

foxtail n
lisi ogon
tail of a fox

foxtail millet n
proso włoskie włośnica ber
Setaria italica

foxy /ˈfɑksi/ /ˈfɒksi/ adj
lisi
having the qualities of a fox

fractal /ˈfɹæk.təl/ adj
fraktalny
having the form of a fractal

fractal /ˈfɹæk.təl/ n
fraktal
self-similar geometric figure

fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/ n
ułamek
arithmetic: ratio
ułamek cząstka
part of a whole

fracture /ˈfɹæk.tʃə/ n
złamanie
act of breaking, or something broken

fragile /ˈfɹædʒaɪl/ /ˈfɹædʒəl/ adj
kruchy
easily broken or destroyed

fragrance /ˈfɹeɪɡɹəns/ n
zapach woń
pleasant smell or odour

fragrant /ˈfɹeɪ.ɡɹənt/ adj
pachnący wonny
sweet-smelling

frail /fɹeɪl/ adj
wątły
easily broken, mentally or physically fragile

frame /fɹeɪm/ n
ramka
chunk of data
klatka ramka
piece of photographic film containing an image
rama
rigid, generally rectangular mounting

frame /fɹeɪm/ v
oprawiać
add a decorative border to a picture
wrabiać
cause a person to appear guilty
komponować
position visually within a fixed boundary

framework /ˈfɹeɪmwɜːk/ /ˈfɹeɪmwɝk/ n
szkielet
the arrangement of support beams that represent a buildings general shape and size

franc /fɹæŋk/ n
frank
any of several units of currency
former currency of France and Belgium

franchising n
franczyza
the establishment, granting, or use of a franchise

francium /ˈfɹansɪəm/ /ˈfɹænsi.əm/ n
frans
chemical element

frank /fɹæŋk/ adj
otwarty szczery
bluntly honest

frankly /ˈfɹæŋkli/ adv
szczerze
(speech act) In truth, to tell the truth
szczerze bez ogródek
in a frank, open or (too) honest manner

fraternal /fɹəˈtɝnəl/ adj
braterski
of brothers

fraternal nephew n
bratanek
brother's son

fraternal niece n
bratanica
brother's daughter

fraternally adv
bratersko
in a fraternal manner

fraternity n
bractwo
group of people associated for a common purpose
korporacja
social organization of male students
braterstwo fraternia
the quality of being brothers

fraternization n
fraternizacja bratanie się
act of fraternizing

fraternize /ˈfɹætənɑɪz/ /ˈfɹætɚnɑɪz/ v
bratać się zbratać się
to associate with others in a brotherly manner

fratricidal adj
bratobójczy
of or pertaining to fratricide

fratricide n
bratobójstwo
killing of one's sibling
bratobójca bratobójczyni
person who commits this crime

fraud /fɹɑd/ /fɹɔd/ /fɹɔːd/ n
oszustwo wyłudzenie
an act of deception
oszust
one who performs fraud

fraudulent /ˈfɹɑ.dʒə.lənt/ /ˈfɹɔ.dʒə.lənt/ /ˈfɹɔː.dʒʊ.lənt/ adj
oszukańczy
dishonest; based on fraud or deception
fałszywy
false; phony

frazil n
śryż
a collection of stray ice crystals that form in fast-moving water

freckle /ˈfɹɛkəl/ n
pieg
small pigmentation spot on the skin

freckled adj
piegowaty
having freckles

free /fɹiː/ adj
wolny
not imprisoned
software: with very few limitations on distribution or improvement
without obligations
not in use
mathematics: unconstrained
wolny swobodny
unconstrained
unobstructed
bez wolny
without

free /fɹiː/ adv
za darmo bezpłatnie
without needing to pay

free /fɹiː/ v
uwolnić oswabadzać oswobodzić uwalniać wyzwalać wyzwolić
make free

free kick n
rzut wolny
kick played without interference of opposition

free market n
wolny rynek
type of market

free of charge adj
bezpłatny darmowy gratisowy gratis
not requiring any payment - adjective

free software n
wolne oprogramowanie
software that can be freely copied and modified

free speech /fɹiː ˈspiːtʃ/ n
wolność słowa
right to express an opinion in public

free time n
czas wolny laba wolne
time that can be spent on one's own activities rather than work

free up v
oswobodzić
to make (space) available

free will n
wolna wola
ability to choose one's actions

freedom /ˈfɹidəm/ /ˈfɹiːdəm/ n
wolność swoboda
not being imprisoned or enslaved
The lack of a specific constraint

freelancer n
wolny strzelec
who freelances

freeloader /ˈfɹiːləʊdə(ɹ)/ n
pasożyt sęp
one who does not contribute or pay appropriately

freely /ˈfɹili/ adv
swobodnie
in a free manner

freesia /ˈfɹi.ʒə/ n
frezja
plant

freestyle /ˈfɹiːˌstaɪl/ n
freestyle fristajl
form of rapping

freestyle /ˈfɹiːˌstaɪl/ v
freestyle'ować fristajlować
to ad-lib in rap music

freestyler n
freestyle'owiec fristajlowiec
A rapper who freestyles
Someone who competes in a freestyle sport such as freestyle skating or freestyle swimming

freethinker n
wolnomyśliciel
person who has formed their opinions using reason and rational enquiry

freeware n
freeware
free of charge software

freeway /ˈfɹiː.wei/ n
autostrada
road designed for safe high-speed motoring

freeze /ˈfɹiːz/ n
mróz
period of cold

freeze /ˈfɹiːz/ v
mrozić
of temperature, to drop below zero
to prevent movement of someone's financial assets
zamarzać mrozić
to become solid due to low temperature
zamrozić zamrażać
to lower something's temperature to freezing point

freezer /fɹiːzə/ n
zamrażarka
stand-alone appliance

freezing rain n
marznący deszcz
rain which freezes upon contact with the ground

freight /fɹeɪt/ n
fracht
goods
payment for transportation
transport of goods

french fries n
frytki
deep fried strips of potato

frenetic /fɹəˈnɛt.ɪk/ adj
szaleńczy szalony
fast, frantic, harried, or frenzied

frenzy /ˈfɹɛnzi/ n
amok szał
state of wild activity or panic

frequency /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/ n
częstotliwość
number of occurrences divided by time
częstość częstotliwość
property of occurring often rather than infrequently
częstotliwość częstość
rate of occurrence of anything

frequency modulation n
modulacja częstotliwości
use of a modulating wave

frequency-shift keying n
kluczowanie częstotliwości modulacja FSK
form of frequency modulation

frequent /fɹɪˈkwɛnt/ /ˈfɹiː.kwənt/ adj
częsty
done or occurring often

frequent /ˈfɹiː.kwənt/ v
bywać uczęszczać
to visit often

frequentative adj
częstotliwy
serving to express the frequent repetition of an action

frequentative n
forma częstotliwa
subclass of imperfective verbs that denotes a continuously repeated action

frequently /ˈfɹiː.kwənt.li/ adv
często
at frequent intervals

fresco /ˈfɹɛskoʊ/ /ˈfɹɛskəʊ/ n
fresk
artwork made by applying water-based pigment to wet or fresh lime mortar or plaster
technique used to make such an artwork

fresh /fɹɛʃ/ adj
świeży
new or clean
of produce, not from storage
refreshing or cool

fresh air n
świeże powietrze
clean air from outside

fresh water n
słodka woda
water with little salt

freshness /ˈfɹɛʃnəs/ n
świeżość
freshness

fret /fɹɛt/ n
próg
one of the pieces of metal, etc., across the neck of a guitar or other string instrument

fret /fɹɛt/ v
martwić się niepokoić się
to chafe or irritate; to worry
pożerać pożreć
to consume, devour
wygryzać wyjadać
to gnaw, consume, eat away

fretsaw n
wyrzynarka
saw

friable /ˈfɹaɪəbl̩/ adj
kruchy sypki
easily broken into small fragments, crumbled, or reduced to powder

friar /ˈfɹaɪə/ /ˈfɹaɪɚ/ n
zakonnik brat
member of certain Christian orders

friction /ˈfɹɪkʃən̩/ n
tarcie
A force that resists the relative motion or tendency to such motion of two bodies in contact
The rubbing of one object or surface against another

fried egg n
jajko sadzone
egg that has been shallow fried

friend /frɪnd/ /fɹɛnd/ n
kolego koleżanko przyjacielu przyjaciółko
(sarcastic) form of address used to warn someone
sympatia przyjaciel
boyfriend or girlfriend
przyjaciel przyjaciółka druh
person whose company one enjoys
znajoma znajomy
person with whom you are acquainted

friend /frɪnd/ /fɹɛnd/ v
przyjaźnić się
to act as the friend of
dodać do znajomych
to add as a friend

friend with benefits n
przyjaciel z bonusami przyjaciel z bonusem przyjaciółka z bonusami przyjaciółka z bonusem
friend with whom one has a casual sexual relationship

friend zone /ˈfɹɛnd zoʊn/ /ˈfɹɛnd zəʊn/ v
friendzonować
to classify as a friend with no possibility of a romantic relationship

friendly /ˈfɹɛndli/ adj
życzliwy przyjazny przyjacielski
approachable, warm
przyjazny przyjacielski
characteristic of friendliness
przyjazny
pertaining to friendlies in the conflict sense

friendly /ˈfɹɛndli/ adv
przyjaźnie
in a friendly manner

friendly fire /ˌfɹɛnd.liˈfaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ n
przyjacielski ogień
fire from allied or friendly forces

friends /fɹɛn(d)z/ n
przyjaciele
participants in a two-way friendship

friendship /ˈfɹɛndʃɪp/ n
przyjaźń drużba
(uncountable) condition of being friends
(countable) friendly relationship

frieze /ˈfɹiːz/ n
fryz
architecture: space between architrave and cornice
sculptured or richly ornamented band

frigate /ˈfɹɪɡ.ət/ n
fregata
A 19th c. type of warship
A modern type of warship
An obsolete type of sailing warship

frigatebird /ˈfɹɪ.ɡətˌbɝd/ n
fregata
bird of the family Fregatidae

frighten /ˈfɹaɪtn̩/ v
przestraszyć nastraszyć
to disturb with fear

frightening /ˈfɹaɪtənɪŋ/ adj
okropny straszny
awful
przerażający
scary

frightful /ˈfɹaɪtfəl/ adj
okropny straszny

frikadelle /fɹɪkəˈdɛlə/ n
kotlet mielony
meatball of North European origin

friseur n
fryzjer fryzjerka
a hairdresser

frisk /fɹɪsk/ v
rewidować
to search somebody by feeling their clothes

frisson /fɹiˈsoʊn/ /ˈfɹiː.sɔ̃ː/ n
dreszcz
a shiver

fritillary n
szachownica
plant of genus Fritillaria

frivolous /ˈfɹɪv.əl.əs/ adj
błahy
of little weight or importance; not worth notice
bezmyślny
silly; especially at an inappropriate time or in an inappropriate manner

frog /fɹɑɡ/ /fɹɒɡ/ n
żaba
amphibian
żabojad
French person

frog in one's throat n
mieć chrypkę
hoarseness

frog legs n
żabie udka
hind legs of frog as food

froglike adj
żabi
similar to a frog

froglike adv
żabio
in a froglike way

frogman n
płetwonurek
diver

frolic /ˈfɹɑːlɪk/ /ˈfɹɒlɪk/ v
baraszkować dokazywać figlować swawolić
behave playfully and uninhibitedly

from /fɹɒm/ /fɹɔm/ /fɹəm/ /fɹʌm/ preposition
z
with the origin, starting point or initial reference of or at
od
with the separation, exclusion or differentiation of
z od
with the source or provenance of or at

from A to Z
od A do Z od a do zet
comprehensively

from cover to cover adv
od deski do deski
from the first page to the last page

from now on adv
od teraz
from now, indefinitely

from scratch
od nowa od początku od zera
from the beginning

from the bottom of one's heart
z głębi serca
in earnest, with one's full feelings

from time to time
od czasu do czasu
occasionally

front /fɹʌnt/ n
front
facing side

frontal /ˈfɹʌntəl/ adj
czołowy
of or relating to the forehead or frontal bone

frontier /fɹʌnˈtɪə/ /fɹʌnˈtɪɹ/ n
granica
part of a country that fronts or faces another country or an unsettled region

frontispiece /ˈfɹʌn.tɪˌspiːs/ n
frontyspis
publishing: illustration

frost /fɹɑst/ /fɹɒst/ /fɹɔst/ n
mróz
cold weather that would cause frost
mróz szron
cover of minute ice crystals

frost /fɹɑst/ /fɹɒst/ /fɹɔst/ v
lukrować polukrować
to coat with white icing to resemble frost
oszronić
to get covered with frost

frostbite n
odmrożenie
the freezing of some part of the body

frosting /ˈfɹɒst.ɪŋ/ n
szron
a layer of frost
lukier
a sugary coating for cakes and other baked goods

frosty adj
mroźny
cold, chilly
lodowaty
having an aloof or inhospitable manner
oszroniony
having frost on it

froth /fɹɑθ/ /fɹɒθ/ /fɹɔθ/ n
piana
foam
bicie piany
unimportant events or actions

froth /fɹɑθ/ /fɹɒθ/ /fɹɔθ/ v
spienić toczyć pianę
To create froth

frother n
spieniacz
machine

frown /fɹaʊn/ n
zmarszczenie brwi
facial expression

frown /fɹaʊn/ v
marszczyć brwi
to have a frown on one's face

frowst /fɹaʊst/ n
stęchlizna zaduch
stuffiness; stifling warmth in a room

frowst /fɹaʊst/ v
schować się (w bezpiecznym, ciepłym miejscu)
to enjoy a warm, stuffy room

frozen /ˈfɹəʊzən/ adj
zamrożony
in the state of that which freezes

fructose /ˈfɹʌk.toʊs/ /ˈfɹʌk.təʊz/ n
fruktoza
monosaccharide ketose sugar

frugal /ˈfɹuːɡəl/ adj
oszczędny
economical, avoiding waste, thrifty

frugivorous adj
owocożerny
having a diet that consists mostly of fruit

fruit /fɹut/ /fɹuːt/ n
owoc
part of plant
figuratively: positive end result or reward of labour or effort
food
figuratively: child of a marriage

fruit bowl n
owocarka
bowl for fruit

fruit dove n
owocożer
dove in the genus Ptilinopus

fruit fly n
muszka owocowa
Drosophilidae

fruit tree n
drzewo owocowe
a tree that bears a crop of edible fruit on a regular basis

fruitful adj
owocny
productive, yielding benefits

fruitless /ˈfɹutləs/ /ˈfɹuːtləs/ adj
bezowocny próżny
unproductive; useless

frumentaceous adj
zbożowy
resembling or pertaining to grain, especially wheat

frustration /fɹʌsˈtɹeɪʃən/ n
frustracja
feeling of annoyance
act of frustrating

fry /fɹaɪ/ n
frytka
fried potato
narybek zarybek
young fish

fry /fɹaɪ/ v
smażyć się
(intransitive) cook in hot fat or oil
prażyć się smażyć się
suffer because of too much heat
smażyć usmażyć
to cook (something) in hot fat or oil

frying pan n
patelnia
long-handled, shallow pan used for frying food

fubsy /ˈfʌb.sɪ/ adj
przysadzisty
short and stout; low and wide

fuchsia /ˈfjuːʃə/ n
fuksja
plant

fuck /fʊk/ /fʌk/ interjection
ja pierdolę! niech to chuj! o kurwa! o w kurwę!
expression of dismay or discontent

fuck /fʊk/ /fʌk/ n
jebanie pieprzenie pierdolenie
an act of sexual intercourse
pojeb
highly contemptible person

fuck /fʊk/ /fʌk/ v
jebać pieprzyć ruchać pierdolić
to have sexual intercourse—obscene or vulgar

fuck around v
opierdalać się
to procrastinate

fuck buddy n
fuckfriend kolega do pierdolenia koleżanka do pierdolenia
vulgar term for a sex partner without emotional attachment

fuck knows phraseologicalUnit
HGW chuj go wie
it is unclear

fuck off interjection
nie pierdol pierdolisz
expression of disagreement or disbelief
idź w chuj! idź w pizdu! odjeb się! odpierdol się! odwal się! spadaj!
go away!

fuck off v
spierdalać odpieprzyć się odpierdolić się
go to hell, disappear, screw oneself

fuck up /ˈfʌkˌʌp/ /ˌfʌkˈʌp/ v
spieprzyć rozkurwić spierdolić uwalić zjebać
to botch or make a mess of
rozjebać rozpierdolić
to break or destroy [to be merged into injure or damage]
jebnąć pierdolnąć przyjebać przypieprzyć wpierdolić zakurwić
to cause damage to someone’s body
rozjebać
to injure or damage
nawalić zjebać
to make a mistake, to go wrong

fuck you n
chrzań się chuj ci w dupę chuj ci w oko! idź w pizdu! jeb się odpierdol się
fuck you

fucked up /ˌfʌktˈʌp/ adv
rozjebany rozpierdolony spierdolony zjebany
damaged
najebany ujebany
drunk
rozjebany
in disarray or dishevelment
posrany
reprehensible

fucker /ˈfʌk.ə(ɹ)/ n
chuj dupek
one who fucks

fuckfest n
grupowe jebanie grupowe ruchanie
an orgy, an orgiastic party

fucking /ˈfʌkɪŋ/ adj
cholerny jebany kurewski pierdolony zasrany
as an intensifier
jebany kurewski pierdolony
offensive or worthless

fucking /ˈfʌkɪŋ/ adv
kurwa
an intensifier

fucking /ˈfʌkɪŋ/ n
bzykanie jebanie pieprzenie pierdolenie posuwanie ruchanie
an act of sexual intercourse

fucking hell interjection
ja pierdolę
an exclamation of anger (vulgar)
an exclamation of great surprise (vulgar)

fuckup /ˈfʌkʌp/ n
pajac popierdółka zjeb
noneffective person
nieogar pierdoła zjeb
person making mistakes
pierdoła porażka zjeb
serious mistake

fuckwit n
pojeb popierdoleniec szajbus zjeb
a very stupid person

fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ [ˈfjuw əɫ] n
paliwo
substance consumed to provide energy

fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ [ˈfjuw əɫ] v
tankować
to provide with fuel

fuel tank n
zbiornik paliwa
a container of fuel

fugitive /ˈfjuːd͡ʒɪtɪv/ adj
ulotny
elusive or difficult to retain

fugitive /ˈfjuːd͡ʒɪtɪv/ n
zbieg uciekinier
a person who is fleeing or escaping from something

fugly /ˈfʌɡ.li/ adj
syfny
extremely ugly

fulcrum /ˈfʊlk.ɹəm/ /ˈfʌlk.ɹəm/ n
punkt podparcia
support about which a lever pivots

fulfill /fəˈfɪl/ /fʊlˈfɪl/ v
spełniać wypełniać
to carry out

fuliginous /fjuːˈlɪ.dʒɪ.nəs/ adj
sadzowaty
pertaining to or resembling soot

full /fʊl/ adj
pełny
containing the maximum possible amount
complete
syty
satisfied, in relation to eating
pełny cały
total, entire

full /fʊl/ n
pełnia
utmost measure or extent

full /fʊl/ v
folować
to make cloth denser

full house n
ful
three of a kind and a pair

full moon n
pełnia
phase of moon when in opposition to sun
księżyc w pełni pełnia
the moon when in opposition to sun

full screen adj
pełny ekran
occupying all the available displayable surface

full stop /ˌfʊl ˈstɒp/ n
kropka
The punctuation mark “.”

full-blooded adj
pełnokrwisty
of purebred ancestry

full-bodied adj
mocny

fume /fjuːm/ n
opar
gas or vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale

fume hood n
dygestorium wyciąg laboratoryjny
a ventilated compartment in which chemical procedures may be undertaken

fumitory n
dymnica
plant

fun /fʊn/ /fʌn/ n
radość ubaw
enjoyment or amusement
zabawa
playful, often noisy, activity

function /ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃən/ /ˈfʌŋkʃən/ n
funkcja stanowisko
professional or official position
funkcja
what something does or is used for
computing: routine that returns a result
mathematics: a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs
relation where one thing is dependent on another
biology: physiological activity of an organ or body part
chemistry: characteristic behavior of a chemical compound

function /ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃən/ /ˈfʌŋkʃən/ v
działać
to carry on a function

functional /ˈfʌŋk(t)ʃənəl/ adj
funkcyjny
having semantics defined purely in terms of mathematical functions, without side-effects
działający sprawny
in good working order

functional /ˈfʌŋk(t)ʃənəl/ n
funkcjonał
a function that takes a function as its argument

functional analysis n
analiza funkcjonalna
branch of mathematics

functionality n
funkcjonalność
ability

functor /ˈfʌŋktə/ n
funktor
category theory: category mapping

fundamental interaction n
oddziaływanie podstawowe
basic forces that act between elementary particles

fundamentalism n
fundamentalizm
religion

funeral /ˈfjunəɹəl/ /ˈfjuːnəɹəl/ n
pogrzeb
ceremony to honour a deceased person

funereal /fjuːˈnɪəɹɪ.əl/ adj
pogrzebowy
relating to a funeral

fungible /ˈfʌndʒɪbəl/ adj
zamienialny zamienny
able to be substituted for something of equal value

fungicidal adj
grzybobójczy
having the ability to destroy or control fungus

fungus /ˈfʌŋ.ɡəs/ n
grzyb
any member of the kingdom Fungi

funnel /ˈfʌnəl/ n
lejek lijek
utensil used to guide poured liquids

funny /ˈfʊnɪ/ /ˈfʌni/ adj
zabawny
amusing; comical

fur /fɚ/ /fɜː(ɹ)/ [fɜ̝ː] n
futro sierść
hairy coat of a mammal, especially when fine, soft and thick
futro
hairy skin processed to serve as clothing

fur coat n
kożuch
coat made of animal fur

furan n
furan
any of a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds

furious /ˈfjʊə.ɹɪəs/ /ˈfjʊɹ.i.əs/ adj
wściekły rozjuszony
transported with passion or fury

furiously /ˈfjʊə̯ɹi.ə̯sli/ adv
wściekle
in a furious manner; angrily

furlough /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ləʊ/ /ˈfɝ.loʊ/ n
przepustka
documents authorizing leave of absence
urlop
leave of absence

furnace /ˈfɜːnɪs/ /ˈfɝnɪs/ n
piec
device for heating in a factory, melting metals, etc

furnish /ˈfɜːnɪʃ/ /ˈfɝnɪʃ/ v
meblować umeblować
to provide with furniture or other equipment
dostarczać dostarczyć zaopatrywać zaopatrzyć
to supply

furniture /ˈfɜːnɪtʃə/ /ˈfɝnɪtʃɚ/ n
mebel
large movable items

furrier /ˈfɜɹiəɹ/ /ˈfɜːɹi.ə/ /ˈfʌɹi.ə/ n
kuśnierz
person who sells, makes and deals otherwise with fur

furrow /ˈfʌɹoʊ/ /ˈfʌɹəʊ/ n
zmarszczka
deep wrinkle in the skin of the face
bruzda
trench cut in the soil

further /fɜː(ɹ)ðə(ɹ)/ adv
dalej więcej

furthermore /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ðə(ɹ).mɔː(ɹ)/ adv
oprócz tego poza tym ponadto
In addition; besides; what's more; used to denote additional information

furtively /ˈfɜːtɪvli/ adv
potajemnie ukradkiem chyłkiem cichaczem skrycie
in a furtive manner

fury /ˈfjʊəɹi/ /ˈfjʊɹi/ n
wściekłość szał furia
extreme anger

fuse /fjuːz/ n
lont
cord
zapalnik
device igniting charge
bezpiecznik
device preventing overloading of a circuit

fuse /fjuːz/ v
połączyć stopić
transitive: to melt together

fuselage /ˈfjuːzəˌlɑːʒ/ n
kadłub
main body of aerospace vehicle

fusilli /ˌfuːˈziːli/ n
fusilli świderkami świdrami
pasta

fusion /ˈfjuː.ʒən/ n
stopienie
act of melting something by heating it
fuzja
merging of elements into a union
nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine

fuss /fʌs/ v
przejmować się przeżywać srać się
to be very worried or excited about something, often too much

fussy /ˈfʌ.si/ adj
wybredny
particular about details

futile /ˈfju.taɪ.əl/ /ˈfjuː.taɪl/ adj
daremny
incapable of producing results

futtock /ˈfʌtək/ n
żebro
curved rib-like timbers

future /ˈfjuːt͡ʃə/ /ˈfjuːt͡ʃɚ/ adj
przyszły czas przyszły
having to do with or occurring in the future

future /ˈfjuːt͡ʃə/ /ˈfjuːt͡ʃɚ/ n
przyszłość czas przyszły
the time ahead
something that will happen in moments yet to come

future participle n
imiesłów przyszły
part of speech

future tense n
czas przyszły
time form of a verb

futurism n
futuryzm
art movement

futurist adj
futurystyczny
advanced so far beyond that which is current as to appear to be from the future

fuzzy /ˈfʌzi/ adj
rozmyty
not clear; unfocused
rozmyty nieścisły
vague or imprecise

fuzzy logic n
logika rozmyta
logic based on the notion of fuzzy set

fuzzy set n
zbiór rozmyty
set

fyke n
żak
type of fish-trap

fynbos n
fynbos
fynbos

gable /ˈɡeɪ.bəl/ n
szczyt
triangular area of wall

gadget /ɡædʒɪt/ n
gadżet
any device or machine

gadolinium /ˌɡædəˈlɪniəm/ n
gadolin
chemical element

gaffe /ɡæf/ n
gafa
a foolish error, especially one made in public

gag /ɡæɡ/ n
knebel
device to restrain speech

gag /ɡæɡ/ v
zakneblować
To restrain someone's speech

gaggling n
gęg gęganie gęgot
sound of a goose

gain /ɡeɪn/ v
zyskać
acquire
przytyć tyć
put on weight

gait /ɡeɪt/ n
chód
horse's way of moving
chód krok
manner of walking

gaiter /ˈɡeɪ.tə/ /ˈɡeɪ.təɹ/ n
stuptuty
covering for the ankle and instep

galactic /ɡəˈlæktɪk/ adj
galaktyczny
relating to a/the galaxy

galactically adv
galaktycznie
with regard to galaxies

galactorrhea n
mlekotok
lactation unassociated with childbirth

galactose n
galaktoza
the monosaccharide

galaxy /ˈɡaləksi/ /ˈɡæləksi/ n
galaktyka
collection of billions of stars, galactic dust, black holes, etc

gale /ɡeɪl/ n
wicher wichura
meteorology: a very strong wind
wybuch
outburst of laughter
woskownica
Myrica gale

galimatias /ˌɡæləˈmeɪʃi.əs/ n
gmatwanina
gobbledygook

gall bladder n
woreczek żółciowy pęcherzyk żółciowy
pear-shaped organ that stores bile

galleon /ˈɡæ.li.ən/ n
galeon
large sailing ship

gallery /ˈɡæləɹi/ n
galeria
institution, building, or room for the exhibition and conservation of works of art
establishment that buys, sells, and displays works of art
area of a theater, concert hall, or auditorium
roofed promenade along the wall of a building

galley slave n
galernik
slave in a galley

gallic acid n
kwas galusowy
acid found in galls, etc

gallium /ˈɡæliəm/ n
gal
chemical element

gallium arsenide n
arsenek galu
binary compound of gallium and arsenic, GaAs

gallop /ˈɡæləp/ n
galop cwał
fastest gait of a horse

gallop /ˈɡæləp/ v
galopować cwałować
to ride at a galloping pace

gallows /ˈɡæloʊz/ /ˈɡæləʊz/ n
szubienica
wooden framework on which persons are put to death by hanging

gallstone n
kamień żółciowy
small, hard object, that sometimes forms in the gall bladder

galosh /ɡəˈlɒʃ/ n
kalosz
waterproof overshoe used to provide protection from rain or snow

galvanic /ɡælˈvænɪk/ adj
galwaniczny
of or pertaining to galvanism; electric

galvanically adv
galwanicznie
in galvanic manner

galvanization n
galwanizacja galwanizowanie
the process of galvanizing

gambeson /ˈɡæm.bɨ.sən/ n
przeszywanica
armor

gambier n
czepota gambir
Uncaria gambir

gamble /ˈɡæm.bəl/ n
hazard
a risk undertaken with a potential gain

gamble /ˈɡæm.bəl/ v
ryzykować
to take a risk, with the potential of a positive outcome

gambler n
hazardzista
one who plays at a game of chance

gambling n
hazard
activity characterised by a balance between winning and losing that is governed by a mixture of skill and chance

gamboge /ɡæmˈbuʒ/ /ɡæmˈbuːʒ/ n
gumiguta
resin of the gamboge tree

game /ɡeɪm/ n
gra
particular instance of playing a game; match
gra zabawa
playful activity that may be unstructured, amusement, pastime
dziczyzna zwierzyna łowna
wild animals hunted for food

game /ɡeɪm/ v
grać
To play games and be a gamer

game over /ˌɡeɪm ˈoʊ.vɚ/ /ˌɡeɪm ˈəʊ.və(ɹ)/ phraseologicalUnit
po ptokach
end of some ongoing situation

game theory n
teoria gier
mathematical study of strategic situations

gamepad /ˈɡeɪm.pæd/ n
gamepad
a type of game controller

gamut /ˈɡæm.ət/ /ˈɡæm.ɪt/ n
gama
complete range
all the notes in the musical scale

gander /ɡæn.də(ɹ)/ n
gąsior
a male goose

gang /ɡæŋ/ n
ferajna paczka
a company of persons
gang
criminal group with a common background
banda gang
group of criminals who band together for mutual protection

gangbang n
gang bang
sexual intercourse involving more than two persons

ganglion /ˈɡæŋɡli.ən/ n
zwój nerwowy
cluster of interconnecting nerve cells outside the brain

gangrene /ˈɡaŋˌɡɹiːn/ /ˈɡæŋˌɡɹin/ n
gangrena zgorzel
the necrosis or rotting of flesh

gangster /ˈɡæŋstə/ n
bandyta gangster
street gang member

gannet /ˈɡanɪt/ n
głuptak
sea bird

gantry n
stelaż
framework of steel bars bridging over something

gap /ɡæp/ n
szczelina
opening allowing passage or entrance
dziura szczelina szpara
opening that implies a breach or defect
okienko przerwa
vacant space or time

garage /ɡ(ə)ɹæ(d)ʒ/ /ɡəˈɹɑː(d)ʒ/ /ˈɡæɹɑː(d)ʒ/ /ˈɡæɹɪdʒ/ n
garaż
building or section of building to store a car, tools etc.

garb /ɡɑː(ɹ)b/ n
strój
clothing

garbage /ɡɑ(ɹ)ˈbɑːʒ/ /ˈɡɑɹbɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈɡɑːbɪd͡ʒ/ n
śmieci odpady
waste material

garbage can n
kosz na śmieci śmietnik kontener na śmieci
waste receptacle

garbage collector n
śmieciarz
worker

garbage truck n
śmieciarka
waste collection vehicle

garden /ˈɡɑɹdn̩/ /ˈɡɑːdn̩/ n
ogród
gardens with public access
ogród działka
grounds at the front or back of a house
sad ogród
piece of land outside with flowers and plants

garden cress /ˈɡɑːdn̩ kɹɛs/ n
pieprzyca siewna
the leafy plant

garden gnome n
krasnal ogrodowy
a small statue of a gnome used as a garden ornament

gardener n
ogrodnik ogrodniczka
one who gardens

gardenia n
gardenia
tree or shrub of the genus Gardenia

gardening n
ogrodnictwo
the care of a garden

gargantuan /ɡɑɹˈɡæn.tʃu.ən/ adj
gargantuiczny gigantyczny
huge
gargantuiczny
of the giant Gargantua or his appetite

gargoyle /ˈɡɑɹ.ɡɔɪl/ /ˈɡɑː.ɡɔɪl/ n
rzygacz gargulec
carved grotesque figure on a spout
gargulec
decorative figure on a building

garish /ˈɡɛəɹɪʃ/ adj
jaskrawy krzykliwy
overly ostentatious; so colourful as to be in bad taste

garland /ˈɡɑɹlənd/ n
girlanda
wreath of flowers

garlic /ˈɡɑɹlɪk/ /ˈɡɑːlɪk/ n
czosnek
plant

garlic bread n
chleb czosnkowy
bread topped with garlic

garlic mustard n
czosnaczek
Alliaria petiolata

garlic press n
wyciskacz do czosnku
ustensil

garment /ˈɡɑɹ.mənt/ /ˈɡɑː.mənt/ n
ubranie
single item of clothing

garner /ˈɡɑː.nə/ /ˈɡɑːɹ.nɚ/ v
zbierać zebrać
to reap grain, gather it up, and store it in a granary

garnet /ˈɡɑː(ɹ).nət/ n
granat
mineral
colour

garnish /ˈɡɑɹnɪʃ/ /ˈɡɑːnɪʃ/ n
garnirunek

garniture n
garnitur
something that garnishes

garret /ˈɡæɹɪt/ /ˈɡɛɹɪt/ n
poddasze
an attic or semi-finished room just beneath the roof of a house

garrison /ˈɡæɹɪsən/ /ˈɡɛɹɪsən/ n
garnizon koszary
post
garnizon
troops

garrulous /ˈɡæɹ.ʊ.ləs/ /ˈɡɛɹ.ə.ləs/ adj
gadatliwy
excessively or tiresomely talkative

garter /ˈɡɑːtə/ /ˈɡɑːɹtɚ/ n
podwiązka
band around leg

garuda /ɡəˈɹuːdə/ /ˈɡæɹʊdə/ n
garuda
large mythical bird in Hindu and Buddhist mythology

gas /ɡæs/ n
gaz
(uncountable, chemistry) state of matter
(countable, chemistry) chemical element or compound
benzyna
fuel

gas chamber n
komora gazowa
a sealed chamber in which people are executed with gas

gas pipeline n
gazociąg
a gas pipeline

gas plant n
dyptam jesionolistny
Dictamnus albus

gas pump n
dystrybutor paliwa
device at a gas station that dispenses gasoline

gas station n
stacja benzynowa stacja paliw cepeen
an establishment which sells gasoline to pump directly into a car

gas tank n
zbiornik benzyny
fuel tank

gaseous /ˈɡæʃəs/ adj
gazowany
of a liquid containing bubbles: gassy
gazowy
relating to, or existing as, gas

gasholder n
gazometr

gasket /ˈɡæs.kɪt/ n
uszczelka
mechanical seal

gaslight /ˈɡæslaɪt/ n
lampa gazowa
lamp that burns gas
oświetlenie gazowe
light produced by burning gas

gasoline /ɡæsl̩ˈin/ /ˈɡæs.ə.lin/ n
benzyna
motor fuel
countable: a particular kind of gasoline

gastric /ˈɡæstɹɪk/ adj
żołądkowy
Of or relating to the stomach

gastrinoma n
gastrinoma
a tumour

gastrodiplomacy /ˌɡæstɹoʊdɪˈploʊməsi/ /ˌɡæstɹəʊdɪˈpləʊməsi/ n
dyplomacja kulinarna
type of cultural diplomacy where relations between representatives of different cultures are improved by the means of gastronomy and the promotion of national cuisines

gastroenterology n
gastroenterologia
the study of the digestive system

gastrology n
gastrologia
scientific study of the stomach

gastropod /ˈɡæstɹəˌpɑd/ n
brzuchonóg ślimak
member of a class of molluscs

gate /ɡeɪt/ n
bramka
(electronics) name of one terminal of a transistor
computing: logical pathway
brama furtka wrota
door-like structure outside
brama
doorway, opening, or passage in a fence or wall
szlaban
movable barrier

gather /ˈɡæðə/ /ˈɡæðɚ/ v
gromadzić zbierać zebrać zgromadzić
to bring together; to collect

gathering /ˈɡæ.ðə.ɹɪŋ/ n
zebranie zgromadzenie
group of people or things

gaudy /ˈɡɑ.di/ /ˈɡɔ.di/ /ˈɡɔː.di/ adj
jarmarczny
very showy or ornamented

gauge /ˈɡeɪdʒ/ n
miara wymiar
a measure; a standard of measure; an instrument to determine dimensions, distance, or capacity; a standard
przyrząd pomiarowy wzorzec
any instrument for ascertaining or regulating the level, state, dimensions or forms of things; as, a rain gauge; a steam gauge

gauge /ˈɡeɪdʒ/ v
dokonywać pomiaru mierzyć
measure

gaunt /ɡɑːnt/ /ɡɔːnt/ adj
wymizerowany
haggard, drawn and emaciated
szczupły
lean, angular and bony

gauntlet /ˈɡɔːnt.lət/ n
rękawica
protective armor for the hands

gavial n
gawial
crocodilian of genus Gavialis

gavotte n
gawot
French dance

gawk /ɡɑk/ /ɡɔːk/ n
gamoń
stupid or clumsy person

gawk /ɡɑk/ /ɡɔːk/ v
gapić się
to stare or gape stupidly

gay /ɡeɪ/ adj
zmanierowany zniewieściały
behaving in a way associated with females
radosny wesół
happy, joyful and lively
homoseksualny gej
homosexual
gejowski gej
typical of homosexual appearance

gay /ɡeɪ/ n
gej homoseksualista ciepły
homosexual person, especially male

gay-friendly adj
gay-friendly
welcoming of gay people

gazebo /ɡəˈziːboʊ/ /ɡəˈziːbəʊ/ n
altana
roofed structure

gazelle /ɡəˈzɛl/ n
gazela
antelope

gazette /ɡəˈzɛt/ n
gazeta
newspaper

gcd n
NWD
initialism for greatest common divisor

gear /ɡɪə(ɹ)/ /ɡɪɚ/ n
koło zębate trybik
a wheel with grooves
bieg
motor car transmission

gecko /ˈɡɛ.koʊ/ /ˈɡɛ.kəʊ/ n
gekon
lizard of the family Gekkonidae

geek /ɡiːk/ n
geek
expert in a technical field, particularly to do with computers

geez /dʒiːz/ /ɡiːz/ interjection
Jezu
An exclamation denoting surprise or frustration

gegenschein /ˈɡeɪ.ɡən.ˌʃaɪn/ n
przeciwblask

geisha n
gejsza
a Japanese entertainer

gel /dʒɛl/ n
żel
suspension of solid in liquid
any gel for a particular cosmetic use

gelada n
dżelada
primate

gelatin /ˈdʒɛlətɪn/ n
żelatyna
edible jelly
protein derived through partial hydrolysis of the collagen

gelding /ˈɡɛldɪŋ/ n
wałach
castrated male horse

gem /d͡ʒɛm/ /d͡ʒɪm/ n
skarb
precious or highly valued thing or person
kamień szlachetny klejnot
precious stone

gemstone /ˈdʒɛmˌstoʊn/ n
klejnot kamień szlachetny
a gem

gendarmerie /ˈʒɑn.dɑɹ.mə.ɹi/ /ˈʒɒn.dɑː.mə.ɹi/ n
żandarmeria
military body charged with police duties

gender /ˈdʒɛndə/ /ˈdʒɛndɚ/ n
płeć
biological sex
rodzaj
grammar: division of nouns and pronouns
division, class, kind
gender rodzaj
identification as a man, a woman, or something else

gene /dʒiːn/ n
gen
unit of heredity

genealogical adj
genealogiczny
of or relating to genealogy

genealogist /ˈdʒiː.niːˌæl.ə.dʒɪst/ n
genealog genealożka
person who studies or practises genealogy, expert in genealogy

genealogy /ˌdʒiniˈɑlədʒi/ /ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒi/ n
genealogia
descent of a person, family or group from ancestors
study and recording of descents

general /ˈd͡ʒɛnəɹəl/ /ˈd͡ʒɛnɹəl/ adj
ogólny
involving every part or member, not specific or particular
miscellaneous, not limited to a specific class
widespread, common

general /ˈd͡ʒɛnəɹəl/ /ˈd͡ʒɛnɹəl/ n
generał
military rank

general anesthesia n
narkoza
a type of anesthesia that causes loss of sensation to the whole body, usually to the point of unconsciousness

general election n
wybory powszechne
election held at regular intervals

general practitioner n
lekarz rodzinny
physician who provides primary care; family doctor

general relativity n
ogólna teoria względności
theory in physics

generalisation n
generalizacja uogólnienie
formulation of general concepts
inductive reasoning

generalization n
generalizacja uogólnienie
formulation of general concepts
inductive reasoning

generalized adj
uogólniony
made more general, less specialized

generally /d͡ʒɛnɹəliː/ adv
z reguły zazwyczaj zwykle
as a rule; usually
powszechnie
popularly or widely
ogólnie
without reference to specific details

generation /ˌd͡ʒɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
wytwarzanie generacja
act of generating or begetting; procreation
generowanie wytwarzanie
origination by some process; formation
pokolenie
period of around thirty years
pokolenie generacja
single step in the succession of natural descent

generator n
prądnica
apparatus: electrical generator

generosity /ˌd͡ʒɛnəˈɹɑsɪti/ /ˌd͡ʒɛnəˈɹɒsɪti/ n
hojność szczodrość
the trait of being willing to donate

generous /ˈdʒɛn(ə)ɹəs/ adj
szlachetny wielkoduszny
noble in behaviour, magnanimous
hojny szczodry
willing to give and share unsparingly

generously adv
hojnie
in a generous manner

genesis /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.sɪs/ n
geneza początek powstanie
the origin, start, or point at which something comes into being

genetic [d͡ʒəˈnɛtɪk] adj
genetyczny
relating to genetics or genes
caused by genes

genetically adv
genetycznie
relating to genes

geneticist n
genetyk
scientist who studies genes

genie /ˈdʒiː.ni/ n
dżinn
a fictional magical being
an unseen being in Muslim theology

genital /ˈdʒɛnətəl/ adj
płciowy
of, or relating to biological reproduction
of, or relating to psychosexual development during puberty
of, or relating to the genitalia

genitalia /ˈdʒɛnɪˈteɪli.ə/ n
genitalia
genitals or sex organs

genitive adj
dopełniacz
of or pertaining to the case of possession

genitive n
dopełniacz
inflection pattern
word in the genitive inflection

genius /ˈdʒin.jəs/ /ˈdʒiː.nɪəs/ n
geniusz
someone possessing extraordinary intelligence or skill
extraordinary mental capacity

genizah /ɡɛˈnizə/ /ɡɛˈniːzə/ n
geniza
depository where sacred Hebrew books, etc., are kept before being buried in a cemetery

genocide /ˈd͡ʒɛnəsaɪd/ n
ludobójstwo
systematic killing of substantial numbers of people

genome /ˈdʒiː.noʊm/ /ˈdʒiː.nəʊm/ n
genom
complete genetic information of an organism

genotype /ˈdʒiːn.oʊ.taɪp/ /ˈdʒɛn.əʊ.taɪp/ n
genotyp
DNA sequence which determines a specific characteristic

genre /(d)ʒɑn.ɹə/ /(d)ʒɒn.ɹə/ /d͡ʒɑnɚ/ n
gatunek
kind; type; sort

gens /d͡ʒɛnz/ n
gens
legally defined unit of Roman society

gentian /ˈdʒɛn(t)ʃən/ n
goryczka gencjana
Any of various herbs of the family Gentianaceae
The dried roots and rhizome of a European gentian

gentile /ˈd͡ʒɛntaɪl/ adj
pogański
heathen, pagan
plemienny
relating to a clan, tribe, or nation

gentile /ˈd͡ʒɛntaɪl/ n
goj
non-Jewish person

gentle /ˈdʒɛntl̩/ adj
uprzejmy
polite and respectful rather than rude
delikatny łagodny
soft and mild rather than hard or severe
delikatny miły łagodny
tender and amiable

gentleman /ˈdʒɛn.təl.mən/ [ˈdʒɛɾ̃.ɫ̩.mən] n
dżentelmen pan
man of breeding
panowie pan
polite form of address to men
pan dżentelmen
polite term for a man

gentleness /ˈd͡ʒɛntl̩nəs/ n
delikatność łagodność
being gentle

gently /ˈdʒɛntli/ adv
delikatnie łagodnie
in a gentle manner

gentoo penguin n
pingwin białobrewy
penguin

gentrification /dʒɛntɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
gentryfikacja
process of renewal accompanying an influx of relatively affluent people

genual adj
kolanowy
pertaining to the knee

genuflect /ˈdʒɛn.jʊ.flɛkt/ v
klękać
to bend the knee, as in servitude or worship

genuine /ˈdʒɛnjuːˌɪn/ adj
prawdziwy autentyczny
real, authentic

genuineness n
autentyczność prawdziwość
the quality of being genuine; authenticity

genus /ˈdʒiːnəs/ n
rodzaj
rank in a taxonomic classification between family and species

geodesy /dʒiˈɑdəsi/ /dʒiːˈɒdɪsi/ n
geodezja
scientific discipline

geoglyph /ˈd͡ʒiːə(ʊ)ˌɡlɪf/ n
geoglif
Large-scale drawing

geographer n
geograf geografka
a specialist in geography

geographic adj
geograficzny
pertaining to geography

geographic information system n
system informacji geograficznej
an electronic system

geography /dʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/ /dʒɪˈɒɡɹəfi/ n
geografia
study of physical structure and inhabitants of the Earth

geoid /ˈdʒiˌɔɪd/ /ˈdʒiːɔɪd/ n
geoida
surface of constant gravitational potential at zero elevation

geologist /dʒiˈɑːlədʒɪst/ /dʒiˈɒlədʒɪst/ n
geolog geolożka
person skilled at geology

geology /dʒiˈɑlədʒi/ /dʒɪˈɒlədʒɪ/ n
geologia
the study of the earth

geometric mean n
średnia geometryczna
measure of central tendency

geometric progression n
ciąg geometryczny postęp geometryczny
sequence

geometry /dʒiˈɑmətɹi/ /dʒiːˈɒmɪtɹi/ n
geometria
branch of mathematics
type of geometry

geophysics /ˌdʒiː.əʊˈfɪz.ɪks/ n
geofizyka
branch of earth science

geophyte /ˈdʒioʊˌfaɪt/ /ˈdʒiːə(ʊ)fʌɪt/ n
geofit
perennial plant

geopolitical adj
geopolityczny
of, or relating to geopolitics

geopolitically adv
geopolitycznie
according to geopolitics

geopolitics n
geopolityka
the study of the effects of geography on international politics

georgette n
żorżeta
fabric

geranium n
pelargonia
common name for Pelargoniums
bodziszek
cranesbill

gerbil /ˈdʒɜːbl̩/ /ˈdʒɝbl̩/ n
myszoskoczek gerbil suwak
small rodent

germ /d͡ʒɜːm/ /d͡ʒɝm/ n
zalążek
idea
zarazek bakcyl mikrob
pathogenic microorganism

germane /dʒɜː(ɹ)ˈmeɪn/ /dʒɝˈmeɪn/ adj
istotny
related to the topic being discussed

germanium /dʒɚˈmeɪni.əm/ n
german
chemical element

gerontic /dʒɛˈɹɑːnt.ɪk/ /dʒɛˈɹɒnt.ɪk/ adj
gerontyczny starczy
of or pertaining to old age or the elderly

gerontophilia n
gerontofilia
sexual attraction

gerund /ˈdʒɛɹənd/ n
odsłownik rzeczownik odczasownikowy
verb form functioning as a verbal noun

gestalt /ɡəˈʃtælt/ /ɡəˈʃtɔlt/ n
postać
collection of entities that creates a unified concept

gesticulate /dʒɛsˈtɪkjəleɪt/ /dʒɛsˈtɪkjʊleɪt/ v
gestykulować
to make gestures

get /ɡɛt/ v
dostawać dostać otrzymać otrzymywać
to obtain
dostawać dostać
to receive

get away with v
ujść na sucho
to escape punishment for

get by v
radzić
subsist

get drunk v
dać sobie w gaz dać sobie w kanę dać sobie w żyłę dać w palnik najebać się napierdolić się
to intoxicate oneself with alcohol
spić upić
transitive; to make drunk

get fucked interjection
spierdalaj
a curse meaning "go to hell"
a term used to express contempt
go away, get lost

get high v
jarać ćpać
get high

get lost v
zabłądzić zgubić się
become lost

get married v
pobierać pobrać
become married to each other
wychodzić za mąż brać ślub ożenić się wyjść za mąż wziąć ślub żenić się
become married to someone

get on someone's nerves v
działać na nerwy grać na nerwach
annoy or irritate

get out interjection
wynoś się
indicating incredulity

get out v
wydać się wyjść na jaw
To become known
wysiadać wysiąść
To leave a vehicle such as a car
wychodzić wyjść
To leave or escape
uciekać
come out of a situation
wyjmować wyjąć
take something from its container

get rid of v
pozbywać się pozbyć się
remove

get through to v
dodzwonić się
to succeed in communicating with

get to know v
poznać
to become acquainted with someone

get up v
wstawać wstać
to rise from one's bed

get up on the wrong side of the bed v
wstać lewą nogą
to feel irritable without a particular reason

get used v
przyzwyczaić się przywykać przywyknąć przyzwyczajać się
to get accustomed (to)

get well soon phraseologicalUnit
szybkiego powrotu do zdrowia
expressing hope that someone recovers soon

geyser /ˈɡaɪzə/ /ˈɡaɪzɚ/ n
gejzer
boiling spring

gherkin /ˈɡɜːkɪn/ /ˈɡɝkɪn/ n
korniszon
small cucumber

ghetto /ˈɡɛtoʊ/ /ˈɡɛtəʊ/ n
getto
area of a city in which Jews were concentrated
area of a city where people of another ethnicity concentrate or are concentrated

ghost /ɡoʊst/ /ɡəʊst/ /ɡʰoʊst/ n
duch upiór zjawa fantom majak widmo
spirit appearing after death

ghost town /ˈɡoʊst taʊn/ /ˈɡəʊst taʊn/ n
miasto widmo
town which has become deserted

ghostly /ˈɡoʊstli/ adj
widmowy zmorowaty
pertaining to ghosts

ghostwriter n
murzyn
professional writer for another person

ghoul /ɡuːl/ n
ghul
a spirit said to feed on corpses

ghrelin /ˈɡɹɛlɪn/ n
grelina
peptide hormone that increases appetite

giant /ˈdʒaɪ.ənt/ /ˈdʒaɪnt/ n
gigant
Greek mythological creature
olbrzym
luminous star
olbrzym gigant
mythical human
olbrzym wielkolud
very tall person

giant otter n
arirania amazońska
Pteronura brasiliensis

giant panda n
panda wielka
mammal

gibberish /ˈdʒɪb.ə.ɹɪʃ/ n
bełkot jazgot
needlessly obscure or overly technical language
unintelligible speech or writing

gibbet /ˈdʒɪbɪt/ n
szubienica szafot
upright post with a crosspiece used for execution and subsequent public display; a gallows

gibbon /ˈɡɪbən/ n
gibon
small ape

giblets /ˈdʒɪbləts/ n
podroby
the organs of poultry

giddyup /ˈɡɪdiˌʌp/ /ˈɡɪdɪˌʌp/ interjection
wio
used to make a horse go faster

gift /ɡɪft/ n
talent dar
a talent or natural ability
prezent podarunek dar podarek
something given to another voluntarily, without charge
prezent
something received incidentally, without effort

gift /ɡɪft/ v
podarować sprezentować
(transitive) to give as a gift

gig /ɡɪɡ/ n
fucha koncert występ
performing engagement by a musical group
dwukółka
two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage
giga
shortening of gigabyte

gigabyte /ˈɡɪɡəbaɪt/ n
gigabajt
one billion bytes

gigantic /dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/ adj
gigantyczny
very large

gigantism n
gigantyzm
quality or state of being gigantic

gigantomachy /dʒaɪɡænˈtɒməki/ n
gigantomachia
uprising of the Giants against the Olympian gods

giggle /ˈɡɪɡl/ n
chichot
laugh

giggle /ˈɡɪɡl/ v
chichotać
laugh

gigolo /ˈdʒɪɡ.ə.loʊ/ /ˈdʒɪɡ.ə.ləʊ/ /ˈʒɪɡ.ə.ləʊ/ n
żigolo fordanser żigolak
hired escort or dancing partner
żigolo utrzymanek
male having sexual relationships for money

gild /ɡɪld/ v
pozłacać
to cover with a thin layer of gold

gilded /ˈɡɪldɪd/ adj
pozłacany złocony
having the color or quality of gold

gill /ɡɪl/ n
skrzele
breathing organ of fish
blaszka
mushroom organ

gimmick /ˈɡɪm.ɪk/ n
trik
trick or a device

gin /dʒɪn/ n
gin dżin
alcoholic beverage

ginger /ˈdʒɪndʒə/ /ˈdʒɪndʒɚ/ adj
imbirowy
flavor
rudy ruda ryża ryży
reddish-brown

ginger /ˈdʒɪndʒə/ /ˈdʒɪndʒɚ/ n
rudzielec
person with reddish-brown hair
imbir
plant
spice

ginger beer n
piwo imbirowe
drink flavoured with ginger

gingerbread /ˈd͡ʒɪn(d͡)ʒəbɹɛd/ /ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒɚbɹɛd/ n
piernik
type of cake

gingerbread man n
piernikowy ludzik
cookie in the shape of a person, flavoured with ginger

gingival /ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒɨvəl/ adj
dziąsłowy
relating to the gums

ginkgo /ˈɡɪŋ.kəʊ/ n
miłorząb
tree

ginseng /ˈdʒɪnsɛŋ/ n
wszechlek żeń-szeń
any of several plants, of the genus Panax
żeń-szeń
root of such a plant, or the extract

giraffe /dʒɪˈɹɑːf/ /d͡ʒəˈɹæf/ n
żyrafa
mammal

girder /ɡɜː(ɹ)də(ɹ)/ n
belka dźwigar
main horizontal support in a building

girl /ˈɡɛəl/ /ˈɡɜːl/ /ˈɡɝl/ /ˈɡɵːl/ n
dziewczyna dziewa dziewczę
young female person

girl group n
girls band
pop group made up of young women

girlfriend /ˈɡɜːlfɹɛnd/ /ˈɡɝlfɹɛnd/ n
przyjaciółka
a female friend
dziewczyna przyjaciółka sympatia
a female partner in a romantic relationship

girlish adj
dziewczęcy
like a girl

girth /ɡɜːθ/ /ɡɝθ/ n
popręg
equipment

give /ɡɪv/ v
dawać dać przekazać przekazywać
transfer the possession of something to someone else

give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime proverb
dając człowiekowi rybę - karmisz go na jeden dzień; dając człowiekowi wędkę - karmisz go na całe życie.
more worthwhile to teach someone than do it for them

give a shit v
gówno obchodzić mieć w dupie
to (not) care

give back v
oddawać oddać zwracać zwrócić
return

give birth v
rodzić urodzić
produce new life

give head v
robić loda
slang: to perform oral sex on another person

give me v
daj mi dajcie mi proszę mi dać
expression of preference

give rise to v
dać początek zapoczątkować
to be the origin of; to produce

give the lie to v
zadawać kłam zadać kłam
to prove (something) to be false

give up v
porzucić
abandon
poddać się
admit defeat
surrender
tracić nadzieję
lose hope
oddać
relinquish
zrezygnować zaprzestać
stop, quit, desist

give up the ghost v
wyzionąć ducha
to die

give way v
ustąpić miejsca
to be followed by
ustąpić pierwszeństwa
to give precedence to other road users

given /ˈɡɪ.vən/ adj
dany
currently discussed

given name n
imię
name chosen for a child by its parents

gizmo /ˈɡɪzmoʊ/ n
gadżet ustrojstwo
thingy

gizzard /ˈɡɪzəd/ /ˈɡɪzəɹd/ n
mielec żołądek mięśniowy
portion of the esophagus with ingested grit

glacial erratic n
głaz narzutowy
rock

glacier /ˈɡleɪ.ʃɚ/ /ˈɡlæs.jə/ n
lodowiec
a large body of ice which flows under its own mass, usually downhill

glaciology /ˌɡleɪsɪˈɒlədʒi/ /ˌɡleɪʃiˈɑlədʒi/ n
glacjologia
study of ice and its effect on the landscape

glad /ɡlæd/ adj
rad zadowolony szczęśliwy usatysfakcjonowany
pleased, happy, satisfied

glade /ɡleɪd/ n
polana
open space in the woods

gladiator /ˈɡlædiˌeɪtɚ/ n
gladiator
(in ancient Rome) a person (professional or slave) who entertained the public by engaging in mortal combat with another, or with a wild animal

gladiolus /ɡlædɪˈoʊləs/ /ɡlædɪˈəʊləs/ n
mieczyk
plant

gladly /ˈɡlædli/ adv
ochoczo skwapliwie
in a glad manner

gland /ɡlænd/ n
gruczoł
organ that synthesizes and secretes substance

glanders n
nosacizna
disease

glans penis /ˌɡlænz ˈpiːnɪs/ n
żołądź
conical vascularized body forming the extremity of the penis

glasnost n
głasnost
a policy of the Soviet Union

glass /ɡlæs/ /ɡlɑːs/ n
szklanka kieliszek szkło
drinking vessel
szkło szklanka
substance

glass harmonica n
harmonika szklana
a musical instrument

glass wool n
wełna szklana
insulating material

glassy /ɡlæsi/ /ɡlɑːsi/ adj
szklany
of or like glass

glaucoma /ɡlɔːˈkoʊmə/ /ɡlɔːˈkəʊmə/ n
jaskra glaukoma
eye disease

glazier /ˈɡleɪ.ʒəɹ/ /ˈɡleɪz.jə(ɹ)/ n
szklarz
craftsman who works with glass, fitting windows, etc

gleanings /ˈɡliːnɪŋz/ n
pokłosie
the crops leftover from fields after harvesting

gleysol n
glej
soil type

glider /ˈɡlaɪdə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡlaɪdɚ/ n
szybowiec
aircraft

glioma /ɡlaɪˈəʊmə/ n
glejak
type of tumour

glisten v
błyszczeć
to reflect light with a glittering luster

glitch /ɡlɪtʃ/ n
pluskwa

glitter /ˈɡlɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡlɪtɚ/ n
blask
bright, sparkling light; brilliant and showy luster; brilliancy
brokat
shiny, decoractive adornment

glitter /ˈɡlɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡlɪtɚ/ v
błyszczeć lśnić połyskiwać błyszczeć się
to sparkle with light

gloat /ɡloʊt/ /ɡləʊt/ v
upajać się
to exhibit a conspicuous sense of self-satisfaction

global /ˈɡloʊbəl/ /ˈɡləʊbəl/ adj
globalny światowy
concerning all parts of the world
globalny
of or relating to a globe or sphere
of a variable, in computing
kulisty sferyczny
spherical

global village n
globalna wioska
world as single community

global warming n
globalne ocieplenie
increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere to cause climate change

globalisation /ˌɡloʊbəlɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
globalizacja
process of becoming a more interconnected world

globally /ˈɡloʊbəli/ /ˈɡləʊbəli/ adv
globalnie
in all places
over the entire planet

globe /ɡloʊb/ /ɡloːb/ /ɡləʊb/ n
globus
model of Earth

globeflower n
pełnik
plant of the genus Trollius

globetrotter n
obieżyświat
person who travels often to faraway places

globus cruciger n
jabłko królewskie
royal symbol of power

glockenspiel /ˈɡlɑ.kn̩.ˌspil/ /ˈɡlɒk.n̩ˌspiːl/ /ˈɡlɔk.n̩ˌʃpiːl/ n
dzwonki kuranty
musical instrument

gloomily adv
mrocznie
in a gloomy manner

gloomy /ˈɡlumi/ adj
mroczny
imperfectly illuminated

glory /ˈɡlo(ː)ɹi/ /ˈɡlɔːɹi/ n
sława
great beauty or splendour
chwała sława gloria
honour and valour
chwała
worship or praise

glossary /ˈɡlɒsəɹi/ n
glosariusz
list of words with their definitions

glossy antshrike n
mrowiec zalobny
a passerine bird of the antbird family

glottal /ˈɡlɑt.l̩/ /ˈɡlɒt.l̩/ adj
krtaniowy
articulated with the glottis
głośniowy
of or relating to the glottis

glottal stop /ɡlɒtəl stɒp/ /ɡlɒʔəl stɒp/ n
zwarcie krtaniowe
plosive sound articulated with the glottis

glottis n
głośnia
organ of speech

glove /ɡlʌv/ n
rękawiczka rękawica
item of clothing

glover /ˈɡlʌvə/ /ˈɡlʌvɚ/ n
rękawicznica rękawicznik
person who makes gloves

glow /ɡloʊ/ /ɡləʊ/ n
blask ciepło gorąco
the brilliance or warmth of color in an environment or on a person
zapał żarliwość
the condition of being passionate or having warm feelings
poblask pobrzask poświata łuna żar
the state of a glowing object

glow /ɡloʊ/ /ɡləʊ/ v
żarzyć się jarzyć się
to give off light from heat or to emit light as if heated
pałać promienieć
to radiate some emotional quality like light
jarzyć się żarzyć się
to radiate thermal heat
lśnić świecić
to shine brightly and steadily

glucometer n
glukometr
glucose meter

glucose /ˈɡlukoʊs/ /ˈɡluːkoʊz/ n
glukoza
simple monosaccharide sugar

glue /ɡluː/ n
klej
sticky adhesive substance

glue /ɡluː/ v
kleić lepić przykleić przylepić skleić
join with glue

gluon /ˈɡluːɒn/ n
gluon
massless gauge boson

gluonic adj
gluonowy
mediated by gluons

glutamic acid n
kwas glutaminowy
the nonessential amino acid (α-amino-glutaric acid)

glutamine /ˈɡlutəmin/ n
glutamina
nonessential amino acid; C₅H10N₂O₃

gluteal adj
pośladkowy
relating to the buttocks

gluten /ˈɡluːtən/ n
gluten
cereal protein

gluten-free adj
bezglutenowy
containing no gluten

glutton /ˈɡlʌt(ə)n/ n
żarłok łakomczuch
one who eats voraciously

gluttony /ɡlʌ.tən.i/ n
obżarstwo łakomstwo żarłoczność
the vice of eating to excess

glycerine /ˈɡlɪsəɹɪn/ n
gliceryna
the compound glycerol

glycine n
glicyna
amino acid

glycol /ˈɡlʌɪkɒl/ n
glikol
any aliphatic diol

glyph /ɡlɪf/ n
hieroglif
carved relief representing a sound, word or idea

glyphosate n
glifosat
chemical

gnarl /nɑː(r)l/ n
sęk
knot in wood

gnarled adj
sękaty
knotty and misshapen

gnash /næʃ/ v
zgrzytać
to grind one's teeth in pain or in anger

gnaw /nɔː/ v
gryźć głodać
to bite something persistently

gneiss /ˈnaɪs/ n
gnejs
common and widely-distributed metamorphic rock

gnome /nəʊm/ /nəʊmi/ n
gnom skarbek
elemental being of earth
sóweczka dwuplamista
small owl, Glaucidium gnoma

gnomon /ˈnoʊmɑn/ /ˈnəʊmɒn/ n
gnomon
object used to tell time by the shadow it casts when the sun shines on it

gnu /njuː/ /nuː/ n
gnu
large antelope of the genus Connochaetes

go /ɡoʊ/ /ɡɐʉ/ /ɡəʉ/ /ɡəʊ/ n
pozwolenie
approval
próba
attempt
kolej
turn at something
go
board game

go /ɡoʊ/ /ɡɐʉ/ /ɡəʉ/ /ɡəʊ/ v
działać iść
of a machine, to work }}
robić się stawać się
to become }}
znikać zniknąć
to disappear }}
pasować
to fit }}
robić
to make (a specified sound) }}
iść chodzić jechać jeździć pojechać pójść
to move through space (especially from one place to another) }}

go Dutch v
płacić osobno
split the cost

go away interjection
idź stąd!

go away v
zniknąć
to become invisible, vanish or disappear
wyjechać
to travel somewhere, especially on holiday or vacation

go fuck oneself v
pierdol się
a variant of fuck you

go hand in hand v
iść w parze
to be closely related or go together well
iść za rękę
to walk while holding somebody's hand

go nuts v
zwariować
to become mad

go out v
zgasnąć gasnąć
to be turned off or extinguished
wyjść wychodzić
to leave, especially a building

go to bed v
kłaść się
to lie down to sleep

go to hell v
idź do diabła
interjection

go to the dogs v
schodzić na psy
idiomatic: to decline or deteriorate

go up in smoke v
pójść z dymem
be ruined

go with the flow v
iść z nurtem
to act as others are acting

goad /ɡoʊd/ /ɡəʊd/ n
oścień
pointed stick used to prod animals

goad /ɡoʊd/ /ɡəʊd/ v
podpuszczać prowadzić wodzić
prowadzić
to prod with a goad

goal /ɡoʊl/ /ɡəʊl/ n
gol bramka
(sport) act of placing the object into the goal
point(s) scored
bramka gol
in many sports, an area into which the players attempt to put an object
cel bramka
result one is attempting to achieve

goal line n
linia bramkowa
in soccer

goal post n
słupek
vertical support limiting a goal

goalkeeper n
bramkarz
player that protects a goal

goat /ɡoʊt/ /ɡoːt/ /ɡɐ̟ʉt/ /ɡəʊt/ n
koza kozioł
animal

goat's-beard /ˈɡəʊtsbɪəd/ n
kozibród

goatee /ɡəʊˈtiː/ /ˌɡoʊˈtiː/ n
kozia bródka
beard at the center of the chin

goatherd n
koziarka koziarz pasterka kóz pasterz kóz pastuch kóz pastuszka kóz
person who herds, tends goats

goatmeat n
kozina
goat eaten as meat

gobble v
żreć
to eat hastily or greedily

gobbledygook n
bełkot
Nonsense; meaningless or encrypted language.

goblet n
kielich puchar
drinking vessel with a foot and stem

goblet drum n
darbuka
drum from the Middle-East and North Africa

goblin /ˈɡɑb.lɪn/ /ˈɡɒb.lɪn/ n
goblin
hostile diminutive humanoid in fantasy literature

god /ɡɑd/ /ɡɒd/ /ɡɒːd/ /ɡɔd/ n
bóg bóstwo
idol
idol

goddamn interjection
cholera!
an expression of anger, surprise, or frustration

goddess /ˈɡɑd.ɪs/ /ˈɡɒd.ɛs/ n
bogini
female deity
adored or idealized woman

godfather /ˈɡɑdfɑðɚ/ /ˈɡɒdfɑːðə/ n
ojciec chrzestny
mafia leader
ojciec chrzestny chrzestny
man present at the christening of a baby who promises to help raise the child in a Christian manner

godless /ˈɡɒdləs/ adj
bezbożny
not acknowledging any deity or god; without belief in any deity or god

godlike /ˈɡɑdlaɪk/ /ˈɡɒdlaɪk/ adj
boski
having characteristics of a god

godly /ˈɡɑdli/ /ˈɡɒdli/ adj
pobożny
devoted to a god or God
boski
gloriously good
boski boży
of or pertaining to a god

godmother /ˈɡɒdmʌðə/ n
matka chrzestna chrzestna
woman present at the christening of a baby who promises to help raise the child in a Christian manner

godparent n
chrzestna chrzestny
godfather or godmother
chrzestny
person who stood for a child during a naming ceremony or baptism

godwit /ˈɡɒdwɪt/ n
rycyk
Bird

goggles /ˈɡɑ.ɡəlz/ n
gogle
protective eyewear

goitre /ˈɡɔɪ.tə/ /ˈɡɔɪ.tɚ/ n
wole
enlargement of the neck

gold /ɡoʊld/ /ɡuːld/ /ɡəʊld/ adj
złocisty złoty
having the colour of gold
złoty
made of gold, golden

gold digger /ɡəʊld ˈdɪɡə(ɹ)/ n
naciągaczka
person who cultivates a personal relationship in order to attain money and/or material goods, power
poszukiwacz złota
someone who digs or mines for gold

goldcrest n
mysikrólik
bird

golden /ˈɡoʊl.dən/ /ˈɡəʊl.dən/ adj
wielki złoty
advantageous or very favourable
złoty złocisty
having a colour or other richness suggestive of gold
złoty
made of, or relating to, gold
marked by prosperity, creativity, etc.
relating to a fiftieth anniversary

golden age n
złoty wiek
time of progress and achievement

golden calf n
złoty cielec
A golden image of a calf
Money

golden eagle /ˈɡəʊldən ˈiːɡl/ n
orzeł przedni
large bird of prey

golden goal n
złoty gol
first goal scored during extra time

golden goose n
kura znosząca złote jajka
something that generates much profit

golden jackal n
szakal złocisty
Canis aureus

golden mean /ˈɡoʊl.dən ˈmiːn/ /ˈɡəʊl.dən ˈmiːn/ n
złoty środek
balance between excess and deficiency

golden oriole n
wilga
bird

golden parachute n
złoty spadochron
agreement on benefits

golden ratio n
złoty podział złota proporcja
irrational number

goldenrod /ˈɡoʊldənˌɹɑd/ n
nawłoć
plant

goldfinch n
szczygieł
any of several passerine birds

goldfish n
złota rybka
fish

goldsmith n
złotnik
person who makes things out of gold

golem /ˈɡɒləm/ n
golem
creature

golf /ɡɑlf/ /ɡɒf/ /ɡɒlf/ n
golf
ball game

golfer n
golfista golfistka
someone who plays golf

golubtsy n
gołąbki
traditional cabbage rolls

gonad /ˈɡəʊ.næd/ n
gonada
sex gland

gondola /ˈɡɒn.də.lə/ n
gondola
narrow boat, especially in Venice

gondolier /ˌɡɑndəˈlɪɹ/ /ˌɡɒndəˈlɪə(ɹ)/ n
gondolier gondoliera
Venetian boatman who propels a gondola

gonfalon n
chorągiew gonfalon
a standard or ensign

gong n
gong
percussion instrument

gonorrhea /ˌɡɒn.əˈɹi.ə/ n
rzeżączka
STD

goo /ɡuː/ n
glut
sticky or gummy semi-solid or liquid substance

good /ɡʊ(d)/ /ɡʊd/ [ɡʊ̈d] adj
dobry
acting in the interest of good; ethical good intentions
favourable
of people, competent or talented
useful for a particular purpose
beneficial; worthwhile
effective
of food, edible; not stale or rotten
of food, having a particularly pleasant taste
pleasant; enjoyable
dobry dobra
healthful

good /ɡʊ(d)/ /ɡʊd/ [ɡʊ̈d] n
dobro dobroć
the forces of good

good afternoon phraseologicalUnit
dzień dobry
greeting said in the afternoon

good day phraseologicalUnit
dzień dobry
greeting between sunrise and sunset

good evening n
dobry wieczór
greeting said in the evening

good heavens /ɡʊd ˈhɛvənz/ interjection
ojejku
exclamation of surprise or shock

good job interjection
dobra robota
a phrase used to praise for a good job or efforts

good luck interjection
powodzenia!
wish of fortune or encouragement

good luck n
szczęście
positive fortune

good manners n
dobre maniery
treatment of other people with courtesy and politeness

good morning /ˌɡʊd ˈmɔː.nɪŋ/ /ˌɡʊd ˈmɔːɹ.nɪŋ/ interjection
dzień dobry
when seeing someone for the first time in the morning

good news n
dobra nowina
the message of Jesus concerning the salvation of the faithful

good night phraseologicalUnit
dobranoc
a farewell

good riddance interjection
baba z wozu, koniom lżej droga wolna krzyż na drogę
used to indicate that a departure or loss is welcome

good-for-nothing n
nicpoń
person of little worth or usefulness

goodbye /ɡədˈbaɪ/ /ɡʊdˈbaɪ/ interjection
do widzenia bywaj żegnaj
farewell

goodbye /ɡədˈbaɪ/ /ɡʊdˈbaɪ/ n
pożegnanie
an utterance of goodbye

goodbye, cruel world /ɡʊdˈbaɪ {{! phraseologicalUnit
żegnaj, okrutny świecie!
exclamation prior to suicide

goods /ɡʊdz/ n
towar dobro
that which is produced, traded, bought or sold

goodwill /ɡʊdˈwɪl/ n
renoma
ability to exert influence
value
dobra wola życzliwość
favorably disposed attitude

google /ˈɡuːɡəl/ n
guglanie googlanie googlowanie guglowanie wyguglanie wyguglowanie
search using Google

google /ˈɡuːɡəl/ v
googlować guglać guglować googlać pogooglować przegooglować
to search for on the Internet

googolplex /ˈɡuɡəlplɛks/ /ˈɡuːɡəlplɛks/ numeral
googolplex
ten to the power of a googol

gook /ɡuk/ /ɡʊk/ n
żółtek
derogatory slur for an Asian person

goon /ɡuːn/ n
zbir
a thug

goosander n
nurogęś
diving duck

goose /ˈɡuːs/ n
gęś
a grazing waterfowl of the family Anatidae

goose bump n
gęsia skórka
raised skin caused by cold, excitement, or fear

goose pimple n
gęsia skórka
bumps on the skin

gooseberry /ˈɡusˌbɛɹi/ /ˈɡʊzb(ə)ɹi/ n
agrest
fruit

gopher /ˈɡoʊfɚ/ /ˈɡəʊfə/ n
suseł
a small burrowing rodent

gorge /ɡɔɹd͡ʒ/ /ɡɔːdʒ/ n
wąwóz jar
deep, narrow passage with steep, rocky sides
gardło
inside of the throat

gorge /ɡɔɹd͡ʒ/ /ɡɔːdʒ/ v
żreć
to stuff the gorge or gullet with food; to eat greedily

gorgeous /ˈɡɔɹdʒəs/ /ˈɡɔːdʒəs/ adj
przepiękny
very beautiful

gorget /ˈɡɔːdʒɪt/ n
ryngraf
armour

gorgon /ˈɡɔːrɡən/ n
gorgona
monster in Greek mythology

gorilla /ɡəˈɹɪl.ə/ n
goryl
ape

gorodki n
gorodki miasteczka
an ancient Russian folk sport

gory /ˈɡɔːɹ.i/ adj
krwawy
covered with blood, very bloody

gosh /ɡɑːʃ/ /ɡɒʃ/ interjection
a to ci dopiero jej jejku jeju kurczę o ja cię
mild expression of surprise or enthusiasm

goshawk /ˈɡɑs.hɑk/ /ˈɡɒs.hɔːk/ n
jastrząb jastrząb gołębiarz
bird of prey

gosherd n
gęsiareczka gęsiarek gęsiarka gęsiarz
one who takes care of geese

gosling /ɡɑzlɪŋ/ /ɡɒzlɪŋ/ n
gąsię gęsię
young goose

gospel /ˈɡɑspəl/ /ˈɡɒspəl/ n
ewangelia
account of the life, death, and teachings of Jesus
ewangelia Ewangelia
first section of New Testament
dobra nowina
message expected to have positive reception or effect

gossamer /ˈɡɑ.sə.mɚ/ /ˈɡɒ.sə.mə/ n
babie lato
cobwebs floating in the air

gossip /ˈɡɑs.ɪp/ /ˈɡɒs.ɪp/ n
plotka plotki
idle talk
plotkarka plotkarz
person

gossip /ˈɡɑs.ɪp/ /ˈɡɒs.ɪp/ v
plotkować
to talk about someone else's private or personal business
to talk idly

got it v
jasne
I understand

goulash /ˈɡuː.læʃ/ /ˈɡuː.lɑːʃ/ n
gulasz
A stew of beef or veal and vegetables, flavoured with paprika and sour cream

gourmand /ɡɔɹˈmɑnd/ /ˈɡʊə.mənd/ n
łakomczuch
person given to excess in the consumption of food and drink
smakosz
person who appreciates good food

gourmet /ɡʊɹˈmeɪ/ /ˈɡʊəmeɪ/ n
smakosz
gourmet; a person who appreciates good food

gout /ɡaʊt/ [ɡʌut] n
dna
arthritic disease

govern /ˈɡʌvən/ /ˈɡʌvɚn/ v
rządzić zarządzać
to control the actions of
rządzić
to exercise sovereign authority in

government /ˈɡʌvə(n)mənt/ /ˈɡʌvɚ(n)mənt/ n
rząd
body with the power to make and/or enforce laws

governmental adj
rządowy
relating to a government

governor /ˈɡʌv(ə)nə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡʌvənə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡʌvənəɹ/ /ˈɡʌvəɹnəɹ/ n
gubernator
leader of a region or state

goy /ɡɔɪ/ n
Goj
non-Jew

grab /ɡɹæb/ n
chwytak
a mechanical device that grabs

grab /ɡɹæb/ v
chwytać porywać wyrywać złapać
to make a sudden grasping or clutching motion (at something)
powstrzymać
to restrain someone; to arrest

grace /ɡɹeɪs/ n
gracja wdzięk
elegant movement, poise or balance
łaska
free and undeserved favour, especially of God
dziękczynienie
short prayer of thanks before or after a meal

grace note /ˈɡɹeɪs nəʊt/ /ˈɡɹeɪs ˌnoʊt/ n
przednutka
musical note played to ornament the melody

graceful /ˈɡɹeɪsfʊl/ adj
pełen wdzięku powabny
showing grace

gracefully adv
wdzięcznie
in a graceful manner

gracefulness n
wdzięk
the state of being graceful

grade /ɡɹeɪd/ n
klasa
degree or level of something
level of pre-collegiate education
ocena stopień
performance expressed by a number, letter, or other symbol
rating
nachylenie
slope of a roadway or other passage

gradin n
stopień
gradin

gradually /ˈɡɹædʒuəli/ adv
stopniowo krok po kroku
in gradual manner

graduate /ˈɡɹædjueɪt/ /ˈɡɹædjuət/ /ˈɡɹædʒueɪt/ /ˈɡɹædʒuɪt/ n
absolwent
from a university

graduated cylinder n
cylinder miarowy menzurka
laboratory equipment

graduation /ˌɡɹædʒuˈeɪʃən/ n
wskaz
a marking (i.e. on a container) indicating a measurement

graffiti /ɡɹəˈfiti/ /ɡɹəˈfiːti/ n
graffiti
drawings on a surface

graft /ɡɹæft/ /ɡɹɑːft/ v
szczepić zaszczepiać
to insert a graft in another tree

grain /ɡɹeɪn/ n
ziarno zboże
harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops
mazerunek
linear texture of material or surface
ziarenko ziarnko
single particle of a substance
ziarno ziarenko
single seed of grain
gran
unit of weight

graining n
słojowanie
practice of imitating woodgrain

gram /ɡɹæm/ n
gram
unit of mass

graminivore n
trawojad
grass-eating animal

grammar /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɹæmɚ/ n
gramatyka
rules for speaking and writing a language
study of internal structure and use of words
in computing: formal system specifying the syntax of a language
book describing grammar

grammarian /ɡɹəˈmɛəɹɪən/ n
gramatyk
person who studies grammar

grammatical /ɡɹəˈmætɪkəl/ adj
gramatyczny
acceptable as determined by the rules of the grammar
of or pertaining to grammar

grammatical case n
przypadek
mode of inflection of a word

grammatical mood n
tryb
in grammar, type of the relationship

granary /ˈɡɹænəɹi/ n
spichlerz spichrz
storage facility

grand /ɡɹænd/ adj
wielki
great in size, and fine or imposing in appearance or impression
pra-
standing in the second or some more remote degree of parentage or descent

grand duchy n
wielkie księstwo
a dominion or region ruled by a grand duke or grand duchess

grand duke n
wielki książę
ruler or monarch of a grand duchy

grand piano n
fortepian
type of piano

grand unification theory n
teorie wielkiej unifikacji
theory that unifies fundamental forces

grandchild n
wnuczę wnuk
child of someone’s child

granddaughter n
wnuczka
daughter of someone’s child

grandfather /ˈɡɹændˌfɑðɚ/ /ˈɡɹændˌfɑːðə(ɹ)/ n
dziadek
grandfather (from either side)

grandiloquent /ɡɹænˈdɪl.ə.kwənt/ adj
grandilokwentny górnolotny
overly wordy or elaborate

grandiosity n
majestatyczność wspaniałość
the state of being grandiose

grandma /ˈɡɹænmɑː/ n
babcia
grandmother (informal)

grandmother /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌmʌðɚ/ /ˈɡɹænˌmʌðə/ n
babka babcia babunia
mother of someone's parent

grandpa /ˈɡɹæmpɑː/ n
dziadziuś
grandfather (informal)

grandson /ˈɡɹæn(d)sʌn/ n
wnuk wnuczek
son of one's child

grandstand n
trybuna
seating area

granite /ˈɡɹæ.nɪt/ n
granit
type of rock

granitic adj
granitowy
of, pertaining to, or containing granite

granivore n
zwierzę ziarnożerne
seed-eating animal

granivorous adj
ziarnożerny

granny /ˈɡɹæni/ n
baba babka staruszka
colloquial, derogatory: an elderly woman
babunia babusia
colloquial: grandmother

granodiorite n
granodioryt
intrusive igneous rock

granola /ɡɹəˈnoʊlə/ n
granola
breakfast and snack food

granularity n
ziarnistość
condition of being granular

granulation tissue n
ziarnina
new connective tissue

granuloma n
ziarniniak
tumor

grape /ɡɹeɪp/ adj
winogronowy
flavour

grape /ɡɹeɪp/ n
winogrono
fruit
winorośl
vine

grapefruit /ˈɡɹeɪp.fɹuːt/ n
grejpfrut
fruit
tree

grapeshot n
kartacz
type of shot

grapevine n
winorośl
the plant on which grapes grow

graph /ɡɹæf/ /ɡɹɑːf/ n
wykres
mathematical diagram
graf
ordered pair in graph theory

grapheme /ˈɡɹæf.iːm/ n
grafem
fundamental unit of a writing system

graphene /ˈɡɹæf.iːn/ n
grafen
large-scale, one-atom thick layer of graphite

graphic /ˈɡɹæfɪk/ adj
graficzny
drawn, pictorial

graphical user interface n
interfejs graficzny
type of user interface

graphics card n
karta graficzna
display adapter

graphite /ˈɡɹæfaɪt/ n
grafit
form of carbon

grapholect n
grafolekt
a written variant of a language

graphology n
grafologia
study of handwriting

grapnel /ˈɡɹæpnəl/ n
bosak hak
small anchor

grappa n
grappa
Italian grape-based spirit

grasp /ɡɹæsp/ /ɡɹɑːsp/ n
uchwyt
grip
pojęcie rozumienie zrozumienie
understanding

grasp /ɡɹæsp/ /ɡɹɑːsp/ v
chwytać trzymać
to grip
rozumieć pojmować
to understand

grass /ɡɹæs/ /ɡɹɑːs/ [ɡɹ̠as~ɡɹ̠æs] [ɡɹ̠äːs~ɡɹ̠ɐːs] [ɡɹ̠æs~ɡɹ̠ɛəs~ɡɹ̠eəs] [ɡɹ̠ɑːs] n
trawa
ground cover plant
kapuś
informer
trawnik trawa
lawn
trawka trawa
marijuana

grass mud horse n
koń trawiasto-błotny
Mythical Baidu deity used for circumventing censorship

grass of Parnassus n
dziewięciornik
plant of the genus Parnassia

grass snake n
zaskroniec
Natrix natrix

grass widow /ˈɡɹɑːs ˌwɪdəʊ/ n
słomiana wdowa
woman whose husband is away

grasshopper /ˈɡɹæsˌhɑpəɹ/ /ˈɡɹɑːsˌhɒpə(ɹ)/ n
konik polny pasikonik
an insect of the order Orthoptera

grate /ɡɹeɪtʰ/ n
krata
horizontal metal grill

grateful /ˈɡɹeɪtfəl/ adj
wdzięczny
showing gratitude

grater /ˈɡɹeɪtə/ /ˈɡɹeɪtɚ/ n
tarka
a tool with which one grates

grating /ˈɡɹeɪtɪŋ/ [ˈɡɹeɪ̯ɾɪŋ] n
krata
barrier

gratitude /ˈɡɹætɪt(j)ud/ n
wdzięczność
state of being grateful

graupel /ˈɡɹaʊpəl/ n
krupa
supercooled droplets of water condense on a snowflake

grave /ɡɹeɪv/ adj
poważny
having a sense of seriousness
serious in a negative sense

grave /ɡɹeɪv/ n
grób mogiła
excavation for burial

grave accent n
gravis
grave accent

gravedigger /ˈɡɹeɪv.ˌdɪɡ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡɹeɪv.ˌdɪɡ.əɹ/ n
grabarz
a person employed to dig graves

gravel /ˈɡɹævəl/ n
żwir
small fragments of rock

graven image n
bałwan
a carved idol or representation of a god used as an object of worship

graveness n
powaga
state of being grave

graverobber /ˈɡɹeɪvˌɹɑbɚ/ /ˈɡɹeɪvˌɹɒbə/ n
hiena cmentarna
one who robs graves or tombs

graveyard /ˈɡɹeɪvˌjɑɹd/ n
cmentarz cmentarny
tract of land in which the dead are buried

gravitas /ˈɡɹæv.ɪ.tɑːs/ /ˈɡɹævɪtɑs/ n
powaga

gravitation /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃən/ n
grawitacja ciążenie siła ciążenia
fundamental force of attraction

gravitational /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃənəl/ adj
grawitacyjny
pertaining to gravitation

gravitational interaction n
oddziaływanie grawitacyjne
gravitational interaction in physics

gravitational wave /ˌɡɹæ.vəˈteɪ.ʃə.nəl weɪv/ n
fale grawitacyjne
fluctuation in spacetime that propagates as a wave at the speed of light

graviton /ˈɡɹavɪtɒn/ n
grawiton
a hypothetical gauge boson

gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/ n
powaga
graveness, the condition or state of being grave
grawitacja
gravitation, gravity force on two mass bodies
ciążenie przyciąganie
resultant force on Earth's surface

gravy /ˈɡɹeɪvi/ n
sos z pieczeni
sauce

gravy train n
ciepła posadka
occupation that generates considerable income with little or less effort

gray /ɡɹeɪ/ adj
szary siwy
having a color somewhere between white and black, as the ash of an ember

gray /ɡɹeɪ/ n
szary szarość
colour
grej
SI unit of absorbed radiation

grayish /ˈɡɹeɪ.ɪʃ/ adj
szarawy
somewhat gray

grayling n
lipień
Thymallus thymallus

graze /ɡɹeɪz/ v
paść
to feed or supply with grass

grease /ɡɹis/ /ɡɹiːs/ n
tłuszcz
animal fat
smar
oily or fatty matter

greased lightning n
błyskawiczny
Something incredibly fast

great /ɡɹeɪt/ adj
wielki
important title
very big, large scale
świetny wspaniały
very good

great /ɡɹeɪt/ adv
fajnie fajno świetnie
very well

great /ɡɹeɪt/ interjection
super świetnie
great!

great antshrike n
taraba
Taraba major

great northern diver n
nur lodowiec
large member of the diver family, Gavia immer

great reed warbler n
trzciniak zwyczajny
Acrocephalus arundinaceus

great skua n
wydrzyk wielki
Great Skua

great snipe n
dubelt
Gallinago media

great spotted woodpecker /ˈɡɹeɪt ˈspɒtəd ˈwʊdpɛkeɹ/ n
dzięcioł duży
species of woodpecker

great tit /ˈɡɹeɪt tɪt/ n
sikora bogatka bogatka
bird

great unwashed /ˌɡɹeɪt ʌnˈwɒʃt/ /ˌɡɹeɪt ʌnˈwɔːʃt/ n
buractwo tłuszcza
a contemptuous term for the populace, particularly the working class

great white shark n
żarłacz biały
Carcharodon carcharias

great- prefix
pra-
removal of one generation

great-grandchild n
prawnuczek prawnuczka
The child (son or daughter) of one's grandchild

great-granddaughter n
prawnuczka
the daughter of someone's grandchild

great-grandfather n
pradziadek
father of grandparent

great-grandmother n
prababcia prababka
mother of one's grandparent

great-grandson n
prawnuk
son of a grandchild

great-great-grandfather n
prapradziad
The father of someone's great-grandparent

great-great-grandson n
praprawnuk
the son of one's great-grandchild

greater celandine n
glistnik
Chelidonium majus

greater yellowlegs n
brodziec piegowaty
Tringa melanoleuca

greaves n
skwarka
residue from animal fat

grebe /ɡɹiːb/ n
perkoz
any of several waterbirds in the family Podicipedidae

greed /ɡɹid/ n
chciwość
selfish desire for more than is needed

greedy /ˈɡɹiːdi/ adj
chciwy skąpy
having greed; consumed by selfish desires

green /ɡɹin/ /ɡɹiːn/ adj
zielony
having green as its colour
inexperienced
environmentally friendly
of fruit: unripe

green /ɡɹin/ /ɡɹiːn/ n
zieleń zielony
colour

green bean n
zielona fasola
immature pods of any kind of bean

green light n
zielone światło
green traffic light
permission

green sandpiper n
samotnik
Tringa ochropus

green tea n
zielona herbata
drink

green woodpecker /ɡɹinˈwʊdpɛkə(ɹ)/ n
dzięcioł zielony
Picus viridis

green-eyed adj
zielonooki
having green eyes

greenfinch n
dzwoniec
European greenfinch, Carduelis chloris

greengrocer's n
warzywniak
shop for fruit and vegetables

greenhorn n
żółtodziób
inexperienced person

greenhouse /ˈɡɹiːnˌhaʊs/ n
szklarnia
building in which plants are grown more quickly than outside

greenhouse effect n
efekt cieplarniany
process by which a planet is warmed by its atmosphere

greenish /ˈɡɹiːnɪʃ/ adj
zielonawy zielonkawy
somewhat green

greenish warbler n
wójcik zielony
Phylloscopus trochiloides

greenstick fracture n
złamanie podokostnowe
a partial fracture of a long bone

greet /ɡɹiːt/ v
witać
to address with salutations or expressions of kind wishes

greeting /ˈɡɹiːtɪŋ/ n
pozdrowienie
acknowledgement of a persons presence or arrival

grenade /ɡɹəˈneɪd/ n
granat
small explosive device

grey /ɡɹeɪ/ adj
szary siwy
having a color somewhere between white and black, as the ash of an ember

grey /ɡɹeɪ/ n
szarość
colour

grey heron /ɡɹeɪ ˈhɛɹ.ən/ n
czapla siwa
the Old World wading bird Ardea cinerea of the heron family

grey partridge n
kuropatwa
Perdix perdix

grey wolf n
wilk szary
a large grey wolf

grey-haired adj
siwowłosy
having grey hair

grey-headed chickadee n
sikora północna
Poecile cinctus

grey-tailed tattler n
brodziec szary
Tringa brevipes

greyhound /ˈɡɹeɪhaʊnd/ n
chart
lean breed of dog used in hunting and racing

greylag goose /ˌɡɹeɪlæɡ ˈɡuːs/ n
gęgawa gęś gęgawa
Anser anser

greywacke /ˈɡɹeɪwakə/ n
szarogłaz
hard dark sandstone

grid /ɡɹɪd/ n
sieć
electricity delivery system
siatka kratka plansza
rectangular array of squares or rectangles of equal size

gridiron /ˈɡɹɪdaɪən/ n
ruszt
rack or grate for broiling

grief /ɡɹiːf/ n
smutek zmartwienie żal
sadness

grieve /ɡɹiːv/ v
rozpaczać
to feel very sad about

griffin /ɡɹɪfɪn/ n
gryf
mythical beast having the body of a lion and the wings and head of an eagle

griffon vulture /ˈɡɹɪfɒn ˈvʌlt͡ʃəɹ/ n
sęp płowy
Gyps fulvus

grill /ɡɹɪl/ n
grill gril
barbecue

grim /ɡɹɪm/ adj
ponury
dismal and gloomy, cold and forbidding
nieubłagany srogi
rigid and unrelenting

grimace /ˈɡɹɪm.əs/ n
grymas
a distortion of the face

grimly /ˈɡɹɪmli/ adv
ponuro
in a grim manner

grimoire /ˈɡɹɪmˌwɑː(ɹ)/ n
grymuar
book of instructions in the use of magic

grin /ɡɹɪn/ v
szczerzyć zęby
To smile showing the teeth

grind /ˈɡɹaɪnd/ v
mleć
to reduce smaller pieces
ścierać
to remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface

grip /ɡɹɪp/ n
chwyt uchwyt uścisk
A hold or way of holding, particularly with the hand

grits /ɡɹɪts/ n
kasza
coarsely ground corn

groan /ɡɹoʊn/ /ɡɹəʊn/ n
jęk
jęczeć
low mournful uttered sound

groan /ɡɹoʊn/ /ɡɹəʊn/ v
jęczeć
to make a groan

groat /ɡɹoʊt/ /ɡɹəʊt/ n
krupa
hulled grain

groceries /ˈɡɹoʊsəɹiz/ /ˈɡɹəʊs(ə)ɹiz/ n
żywność
commodities sold by a grocer or in a grocery

grog /ɡɹɑɡ/ /ɡɹɒɡ/ n
grog
alcoholic beverage made with rum and water

groin /ɡɹɔɪn/ n
pachwina
long narrow depression of the human body that separates the trunk from the legs

groove /ɡɹuv/ /ɡɹuːv/ n
rutyna
fixed routine
koleina żleb
long, narrow channel

groschen n
grosz
coin

gross /ɡɹoʊs/ /ɡɹəʊs/ adj
obleśny odstręczający
coarse, rude, obscene
obleśny
disgusting
ciężki poważny
serious, flagrant, shameful
brutto
whole amount, total

gross /ɡɹoʊs/ /ɡɹəʊs/ n
brutto
total earnings or amount
gros
twelve dozen

gross income n
przychód
income prior to expenses

gross national product n
produkt narodowy brutto
economics

grosz n
grosz
one hundredth of a Polish zloty

grotesque /ɡɹoʊˈtɛsk/ /ɡɹəʊˈtɛsk/ adj
groteskowy
distorted and unnatural in shape or size; abnormal and hideous

grotto /ˈɡɹɑ.toʊ/ /ˈɡɹɒt.əʊ/ n
grota
small cave

ground /ɡɹaʊnd/ adj
mielony
crushed, or reduced to small particles.

ground /ɡɹaʊnd/ n
podstawa baza
basis, foundation, groundwork
dno grunt
bottom of a body of water
uziemienie ziemia
electrical conductor connected to point of zero potential
electrical point of zero potential
ziemia gleba
soil, earth
ziemia
surface of the Earth

ground /ɡɹaʊnd/ v
uziemić uziemiać
to connect an electrical conductor
uziemiać uziemić
to forbid an aircraft or pilot to fly

ground floor n
parter
floor of a building closest to ground level

ground ivy n
bluszczyk kurdybanek
Glechoma hederacea

ground squirrel n
suseł
Spermophilus

ground zero n
strefa zero
location on the surface marking the detonation of a bomb

grounded /ˈɡɹaʊndɪd/ adj
uziemiony
not allowed to fly
of a conductor connected to earth

groundpecker n
pseudosójeczka
bird

grounds /ɡɹaʊndz/ n
osad fusy
sediment at the bottom of a liquid

groundwave n
fala przyziemna
signal propagating along the earth surface

group /ɡɹuːp/ n
grupa
number of things or persons being in some relation to each other
in group theory

group sex n
seks grupowy
sexual practice

grouse /ɡɹaʊs/ n
cietrzew głuszec pardwa
any of various game birds of the subfamily Tetraoninae

grout /ɡɹaʊt/ /ɡɹʌut/ n
osad
dregs
fuga
mortar used between tiles

grove /ɡɹoʊv/ /ɡɹəʊv/ n
gaj lasek
small forest

grow /ɡɹoʊ/ /ɡɹəʊ/ v
rosnąć
(intransitive) to become bigger
(intransitive) to appear or sprout

grow up v
dorastać
to mature and become an adult

growing season n
okres wegetacyjny
time of year when plants grow

growl /ɡɹaʊl/ n
warczenie warknięcie
deep, rumbling, threatening sound

growl /ɡɹaʊl/ v
warczeć
to utter a deep guttural sound

growth /ɡɹoʊθ/ /ɡɹəʊθ/ n
rośnięcie wzrastanie
act of growing
wzrost rozwój
increase in size
narośl
pathology: abnormal mass such as a tumor

groyne /ɡɹɔɪn/ n
opaska brzegowa
structure to prevent erosion

grub /ɡɹʌb/ n
robak
immature insect
żarcie
slang: food

grubby /ɡɹʌbi/ adj
brudny umorusany
dirty

grudge /ɡɹʌdʒ/ n
uraza
deep seated animosity

grudging /ˈɡɹʌ.dʒiŋ/ /ˈɡɹʌ.dʒɪŋ/ adj
niechętny wstrzemięźliwy
unwilling or with reluctance

gruel /ɡɹuː(ə)l/ n
kleik
thin watery porridge

gruelling /ˈɡɹu.lɪŋ/ /ˈɡɹʊə.lɪŋ/ adj
wyczerpujący
so difficult or taxing as to make one exhausted

grumpy /ˈɡɹʌmpi/ adj
marudny
unhappy and/or irritable

guanine /ˈɡwɑː.niːn/ n
guanina
substance obtained from guano

guano n
guano
dung from a sea bird or from a bat

guarantee /ˌɡæɹənˈtiː/ n
gwarancja
anything that assures a certain outcome
written declaration

guard /ɡɑɹd/ /ɡɑːd/ n
osłona
part of machine blocking dangerous parts
strażnik
person who or thing that protects something
jelec
the part of a sword that protects the wielder's hand

guard /ɡɑɹd/ /ɡɑːd/ v
chronić
to protect from some offence

guardian /ˈɡɑɹdi.ən/ /ˈɡɑːdɪən/ n
stróż obrońca strażnik
guard or watcher
opiekun
law: person legally responsible for a minor in loco parentis
gwardian
superior in a Franciscan monastery

guardian angel n
Anioł Stróż anioł stróż
spirit

guardianship n
opieka
position

guava /ˈɡwɑvə/ n
gujawa guawa
fruit
guawa
tree or shrub

gubernatorial /ˌɡjuː.bə.neˈtɔː.ɹi.əl/ /ˌɡu.bɚ.neˈtɔɹ.i.əl/ adj
gubernatorski
of or pertaining to a governor

guberniya n
gubernia
an administrative subdivision in the Russian empire

gudgeon /ˈɡʌdʒən/ n
kiełb
Fish, Gobio gobio

guelder rose n
kalina
guelder rose, snowball tree

guenon /ɡəˈnoʊn/ n
koczkodan
monkey of the genus Cercopithecus

guerrilla /ɡəˈɹɪlə/ n
partyzantka
guerrilla war
partyzant
irregular soldier

guerrilla warfare n
partyzantka wojna partyzancka
fighting using groups of irregular troops

guess /ɡɛs/ v
zgadywać zgadnąć
to reach an unqualified conclusion
odgadnąć odgadywać
to solve by a correct conjecture
przypuszczać domniemywać mniemać
to suppose

guest /ɡɛst/ n
gość
recipient of hospitality
invited performer
patron, customer

guest book n
księga gości
ledger for visitors to leave comments about an establishment
website feature functioning like a physical guest book

guest worker n
gastarbajter gastarbeiter
guest worker

guffaw /ɡəˈfoː/ /ɡəˈfɔ/ /ɡəˈfɔː/ v
rechotać rżeć
To laugh boisterously

guide /ɡaɪd/ n
instrukcja poradnik przewodnik
document, book
drogowskaz
sign
przewodnik
someone who guides

guide book n
przewodnik
book that provides guidance

guide dog n
pies przewodnik
dog that is trained to be of assistance to a blind person

guideline n
dyrektywa wytyczna
non-specific rule or principle

guild /ɡɪld/ n
gildia cech
association of tradespeople

guilder n
gulden
unit of currency

guile /ɡaɪl/ n
przebiegłość
astuteness, cunning

guillotine /ˈɡɪl.ə.tiːn/ n
gilotyna
machine used for capital punishment

guillotine /ˈɡɪl.ə.tiːn/ v
gilotynować zgilotynować
execute by use of a guillotine

guillotining n
gilotynowanie

guilt /ɡɪlt/ n
wina
responsibility for wrongdoing
legal
poczucie winy
the regret of having done wrong

guilty /ˈɡɪl.ti/ adj
winny oskarżony
judged to have committed a crime
winny winien winna
responsible for a dishonest act

guinea fowl /ˈɡɪni ˌfaʊl/ n
perliczka
bird

guinea pig /ˈɡɪni pɪɡ/ n
królik doświadczalny
experimental subject
świnka morska
rodent

guitar /ɡiˈtɑɹ/ /ɡɪˈtɑɹ/ /ɡɪˈtɑː(ɹ)/ /ɡʌˈtɑɹ/ /ˈɡɪ.tɑɹ/ n
gitara
musical instrument

guitarist n
gitarzysta gitarzystka
person playing or performing on the guitar

gulag /ˈɡu.lɑɡ/ v
gułag
Soviet labour camp

gules /ˈɡjulz/ /ˈɡjuːlz/ adj
czerwony
heraldry, of the colour red

gulf /ɡʌlf/ n
zatoka
geography

gull /ˈɡʌl/ n
mewa
seabird

gull-billed tern n
rybitwa krótkodzioba
Gelochelidon nilotica

gullet /ˈɡʌl.ɪt/ n
przełyk
the throat or esophagus

gullibility n
naiwność, łatwowierność
quality of being easily deceived

gullible /ˈɡʌlɪbl̩/ adj
naiwny łatwowierny
easily deceived or duped, naïve

gum /ɡʌm/ n
dziąsło dziąsła
flesh around teeth

gum arabic n
guma arabska
substance from acacia trees

gummy bear n
gumisie
candy

gun /ɡʌn/ n
działo armata
(military) A cannon with relatively long barrel, operating with relatively low angle of fire, and having a high muzzle velocity
strzelba
a less portable, long weapon
pistolet rewolwer
a very portable, short weapon, for hand use

gun /ɡʌn/ v
zastrzelić
shoot someone or something
podkręcić
speed something up

gunboat n
kanonierka
small armed vessel

gunmetal /ˈɡʌnmɛt(ə)l/ n
spiż
alloy of copper, tin and zinc

gunner /ˈɡʌn.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈɡʌn.ɚ/ n
Arsenalczyk Arsenalka Kanonier Kanonierka
a fan of Arsenal

gunpowder /ˈɡʌnˌpaʊdə/ /ˈɡʌnˌpaʊdəɹ/ n
proch
explosive mixture

gunsight n
celownik
an optical instrument

gunsmith n
puszkarz rusznikarz
person skilled in the repair and servicing of firearms

gunwale /ˈɡʌnəl/ n
reling
top edge of the side of a boat

gurgle /ˈɡəː.ɡəl/ /ˈɡɝ.ɡəl/ n
bulgot bulgotanie gaworzenie gulgot
gurgling sound

gurgle /ˈɡəː.ɡəl/ /ˈɡɝ.ɡəl/ v
bulgotać gulgotać
to make such a sound

guru /ˈɡʊɹ(ˌ)u/ /ˈɡʊɹuː/ n
guru
advisor or mentor
spiritual teacher

gusle /ˈɡʊslə/ n
gusli gęśle
single-stringed instrument

gusli n
gusli
an ancient Russian musical instrument

gussy up v
stroić się wystroić się

gust /ɡʌst/ n
zryw
any rush or outburst
poryw
strong, abrupt rush of wind

gutta /ˈɡʌtə/ n
gutta
Doric architectural element

gutter /ˈɡʌt.ə/ /ˈɡʌt.ɚ/ n
rynna
duct or channel beneath the eaves
rynsztok
locus of something distasteful or morally questionable
low, vulgar state
prepared channel in a surface

guy /ɡaɪ/ n
chłop facet
male, man

gybe /dʒaɪb/ n
zwrot przez rufę zwrot z wiatrem
sailing manoeuvre

gym /dʒɪm/ n
siłownia
sporting facility specialized for lifting weights and exercise

gymnasium /dʒɪmˈneɪ.zi.əm/ n
siłownia
place for indoor sports
gimnazjum
type of school

gymnastics /dʒɪmˈnæs.tɪks/ n
gimnastyka
a sport

gymnospermous adj
nagonasienny nagozalążkowy
having seeds that are not protected in a capsule
of or pertaining to a gymnosperm

gynaecologist n
ginekolog
specialist in diseases of the female reproductive system

gynecological adj
ginekologiczny
pertaining to gynecology

gynecologically adv
ginekologicznie
in a gynecological context

gynecology /ˌɡaɪnəˈkɑlədʒi/ /ˌɡaɪnɪˈkɒlədʒi/ n
ginekologia
branch of medicine specializing in the problems of women

gynecomastia n
ginekomastia
development of breasts in males

gyp /d͡ʒɪp/ n
kanciarz
a cheat or swindle; a rip-off

gypsiology n
cyganologia
study of the life and culture of gypsies

gypsum /ˈdʒɪpsəm/ n
gips
mineral

gypsy /ˈd͡ʒɪp.si/ n
cygan cyganka
any itinerant person, or any person suspected of making a living from dishonest practices or theft

gyrfalcon /ˈdʒɜːfɔːlkən/ /ˈdʒɝˌfælkən/ n
białozór krzeczot
Falco rusticolus

gyron n
giron
heraldic charge

gyronny adj
promień
heraldic term

gyroscope n
żyroskop
apparatus

gyroscopic adj
żyroskopowy giroskopowy

ha-ha /ˈhɑˌhɑ/ /ˈhɑːhɑː/ interjection
cha cha ha ha
approximation of the sound of laughter

habenula n
uzdeczka
mass of cells in the thalamus

haberdashery n
pasmanteria
a shop selling such goods
ribbons, buttons, thread, needles and similar sewing goods sold in a haberdasher's shop

habilitation n
habilitacja
postdoctoral academic qualification required for tenure

habit /ˈhæbət/ /ˈhæbɪt/ n
nawyk
action performed repeatedly and automatically, usually without awareness
nałóg
addiction
zwyczaj nawyk
an action done on a regular basis
habit
long piece of clothing worn by monks and nuns

habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n
siedlisko
natural conditions in which a plant or animal lives

habitation /ˌhæb.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
domostwo
a place of abode
zamieszkiwanie
the act of inhabitating

habituation n
habituacja
act of habituating, or accustoming

hack /hæk/ v
hakować
to gain illegal access to a computer network

hackamore /ˈhækəmɔː/ n
hackamore
bridle with no bit

hackberry n
wiązowiec
plant

hacker /hækə(ɹ)/ n
haker
expert at programming
hakerka haker
one who uses a computer to gain unauthorized access to data

hacksaw n
piła do metalu piłka do metalu
saw

haddock /ˈhædək/ n
łupacz plamiak
marine fish

hadron /ˈhæd.ɹɑn/ n
hadron
composite particle composed of quarks

haematology n
hematologia
scientific study of blood and blood-producing organs

haemophilia /ˌhiːməˈfɪliə/ n
hemofilia
any of several hereditary illnesses that impair the body's ability to control bleeding

hafnium /ˈhæfniəm/ n
hafn
chemical element

hag /hæɡ/ n
baba jędza
ugly old woman
czarownica wiedźma
witch, sorceress, enchantress

hagfish n
śluzica
eellike fish of the family Myxinidae

haggis /ˈhæɡɪs/ /ˈhɑdʒis/ /ˈhɑːdʒis/ n
haggis
traditional Scottish dish

haggle /ˈhæɡəl/ v
targować się
to argue for a better deal

haha interjection
ha ha he he hi hi
representation of laughter

haiku /ˈhaɪ.ku/ /ˈhaɪ.kuː/ n
haiku
Japanese poem of a specific form

hail /heɪl/ n
grad
balls of ice

hail /heɪl/ v
gradobicie
to fall from the sky, of hail

hailstone n
kulka gradu
single ball of hail

hair /heː/ /hɛ(ə)ɹ/ /hɛə/ /hɛːə/ [hiə] n
włos włosy
a pigmented keratinaceous growth on the human head
włos
one of the above-mentioned filaments
włosy włos
the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of humans and animals

hair conditioner n
odżywka do włosów
cosmetic product

hair salon n
zakład fryzjerski
workplace of a beautician or barber

hairball n
kłak zakłaczenie
wad of fur

hairbrush n
szczotka do włosów
a brush used in hair care

haircut n
strzyżenie
act of cutting of hair
fryzura
way hair is cut

hairdresser n
fryzjer fryzjerka
professional for haircutting or hairstyling

hairdryer n
suszarka
electrical appliance for drying hair

hairgrip n
wsuwka
flat hairpin with two prongs

hairpin /ˈheɪɹpɪn/ n
spinka do włosów spinka
pin or fastener for the hair

hairstyle n
fryzura
the style in which someone's hair has been cut and arranged

hajduk n
hajduk
outlaw, highwayman or freedom fighter in the Balkans

hajj /hɑʒ/ n
hadż hadżdż
pilgrimage to Mecca

hake /heɪk/ n
morszczuk
fish

halation /həˈleɪʃən/ n
halo
the blurring of light around a bright area of a photographic image, or on a television screen

halberd /ˈhælbəd/ n
halabarda
hand weapon

half /haf, häf/ /hæf/ /hɐːf/ /hɑːf/ adj
połowiczny pół-
consisting of a half
przyrodni pół
having one parent in common

half /haf, häf/ /hæf/ /hɐːf/ /hɑːf/ n
połówka
half a standard measure
połowa pół
one of two equal parts into which anything may be divided

half brother /ˌhæfˈbɹʌðɚ/ n
brat przyrodni
a male half-sibling

half sister n
siostra przyrodnia
maternal/paternal half sister

half-hour n
pół godziny
period

half-life /ˈhæfˌlaɪf/ n
czas połowicznego rozpadu okres połowicznego rozpadu
time in physics

half-naked adj
półnagi
with very few clothes on

half-plane n
półpłaszczyzna
either half of an infinite plane

half-year n
półrocze
period of half a year

halfling n
niziołek niziołki
a hobbit

halfway /hæfweɪ/ /hɑːfˈweɪ/ adv
na połowie drogi
midway

halibut /ˈhæ.lɨ.bət/ n
halibut
fish of genus Hippoglossus

halitosis /hæl.ɪˈtoʊs.ɪs/ n
Cuchnący oddech
condition of having foul-smelling breath

hall /hɑl/ /hɔl/ /hɔːl/ n
hol przedpokój sala
corridor or a hallway
sala
meeting room

hall of residence n
akademik
building for university students to live in

hallelujah /ˌhælɪˈl(j)uːjə/ interjection
alleluja hosanna
exclamation to praise God

hallmark /ˈhɔlmɑɹk/ /ˈhɔːlmɑːk/ n
probiernictwo
an official marking

hallow /ˈhæloʊ/ /ˈhæləʊ/ /ˈhɑloʊ/ v
poświęcać święcić
to sanctify

halo /ˈheɪloʊ/ /ˈheɪləʊ/ n
halo
anything resembling the phenomenon
atmospheric phenomenon
aureola
luminous disc around the heads of saints

halogen /ˈhæ.lə.d͡ʒən/ /ˈhæ.ləˌd͡ʒɛn/ n
halogen fluorowiec
any element of group 17

halter /ˈhɔltɚ/ /ˈhɔːltə/ n
kantar uzda
animal's headgear

halting problem n
problem stopu
problem in theoretical computer science

halva /hɑːlˈvɑː/ n
chałwa
confection

halve /hæv/ /hɑːv/ v
połowić
to divide in two equal parts

ham /ˈhæm/ /ˈhæːm/ n
szynka
thigh of a hog cured for food
kabotyn
actor with an exaggerating style
radioamator
ham radio operator

hamartia n
Hamartia
tragic flaw

hamburger /ˈhæmˌbɜː.ɡə/ /ˈhæmˌbɝ.ɡɚ/ n
hamburger
sandwich

hamlet n
przysiółek sioło
small village

hammer /ˈhæm.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈhæmɚ/ n
młoteczek młot młotek
bone of the middle ear; see also malleus
młot młotek
tool
piano part

hammer and sickle n
sierp i młot
symbol of communism

hammer throw n
rzut młotem
athletic event where a heavy steel ball with a handle attached is thrown

hammer thrower n
młociarka młociarz
athlete who competes in the hammer throw

hammerhead n
rekin młot
shark

hammerhead shark n
głowomłot rekin młot
shark of the genus Sphyrna

hammock /ˈhæmək/ n
hamak
swinging couch or bed

hamper /ˈhæmpɚ/ n
przeszkoda zawada
anything which impedes

hamper /ˈhæmpɚ/ v
spętać ujarzmić usidlić uwięzić
to put a hamper or fetter on; to shackle; to ensnare; to inveigle

hamster /ˈhæm(p)stɚ/ n
chomik
small, short-tailed European rodent

hamza n
hamza
Arabic hamza

hand /hænd/ n
kiść
bunch of bananas
ręka dłoń
part of the fore limb
wskazówka
pointer of an analogue/analog clock
ręka
set of cards held by a player in a card game

hand job n
hand job
An act of masturbation performed by someone else's hand

hand over v
przekazać przekazywać
to relinquish control or possession

hand puppet n
pacynka
puppet operated by the hand

handbag /ˈhændˌbæɡ/ n
torebka
small bag used by women

handball n
piłka ręczna szczypiorniak
team sport

handball player n
piłkarz ręczny szczypiornista
person who plays handball

handbook n
podręcznik
a book of reference

handcuff /ˈhændˌkʌf/ n
kajdanki
ring of a locking fetter for the hand

handcuffs n
kajdanki
metal rings for fastening wrists

handful /ˈhæn(d)fʊl/ n
garść garstka
amount held in hand
trudne do zniesienia
handled with difficulty
garstka garść
small number

handicap /ˈhændɪkæp/ n
fory
allowance granted in a race to the competitor
upośledzenie
disadvantage, in particular physical or mental disadvantages of people

handicapped adj
niepełnosprawny
having a handicap

handicraft n
rzemiosło rękodzieło
trade requiring skill of hand

handkerchief /ˈhæŋkətʃiːf/ /ˈhæŋkɚtʃɪf/ n
chusteczka chusteczka do nosa
cloth for wiping the face, eyes, nose or hands

handle /ˈhæn.dl/ n
uchwyt
computing: reference to an object or structure
klamka
part of a door
rączka uchwyt gałka rękojeść
part of an object held in the hand when used or moved

handlebar /ˈhændəlbɑː/ /ˈhændəlbɑːɹ/ n
kierownica
bar for steering

handless /ˈhændləs/ adj
bezręki
without a hand

handling n
paserstwo
criminal offence

handrail n
poręcz
rail which can be held

hands up interjection
ręce do góry!
surrender!

handsaw n
piła
saw small enough to be used by one hand

handset n
aparat słuchawka
the part of a telephone containing both receiver and transmitter, held in the hand

handsome /ˈhæn.səm/ adj
przystojny piękny
of man: attractive

handwritten adj
odręczny
written with a pen or pencil

handy /ˈhæn.di/ adj
wygodny dogodny
easy to use
podręczny
within reach

handyman /ˈhændimæn/ n
złota rączka
man who does odd tasks

hang /hæŋ/ [heɪŋ] v
wisieć zawisnąć
to be executed using gallows
wisieć powiesić
to be or remain suspended
powiesić wieszać
to execute by suspension from the neck
to cause to be suspended
wieszać powiesić
to hold or bear in a suspended or inclined manner or position
wieszać zawiesić
to place on a hook

hang by a thread v
wisieć na włosku
to be in a precarious situation

hang glider n
lotnia
aircraft
lotniarz
rider

hang gliding n
lotniarstwo
flying in a hang glider

hang out v
przesiadywać
to do nothing in particular

hang out to dry v
zostawić kogoś na lodzie
abandon someone in need

hangar /ˈhæŋə/ /ˈhæŋɚ/ n
hangar
a large garage-like structure where aircraft are kept

hanger /ˈhæŋɡə/ /ˈhæŋɡɚ/ n
wieszak
clothes hanger

hanging /ˈhæŋɪŋ/ n
powieszenie
means of execution
public event at which a person is hanged

hangman n
kat
executioner

hangman's noose n
wisielcza pętla
knot

hangover /ˈhæŋoʊvɚ/ /ˈhæŋəʊvə/ n
kac
illness caused by heavy drinking

hapax legomenon /ˌhæpæks ləˈɡɒmənɒn/ n
hapax legomenon
word occurring only once

haphazard /ˌhæpˈhæz.əd/ /ˌhæpˈhæz.ɚd/ adj
chaotyczny
random, chaotic, incomplete

haplogroup n
haplogrupa
group of haplotypes

haploid adj
haploidalny
having a single set of unpaired chromosomes

haploid n
haploid
haploid cell

haplology /hæˈplɒlədʒi/ n
haplologia
deleting syllables

happen /ˈhæpən/ v
stać się wydarzyć się dziać się zdarzać się zdarzyć się wydarzać się
to occur

happening /ˈhæpɪnɪŋ/ n
happening
a spontaneous or improvised event, especially one that involves audience participation
zdarzenie
something that happens

happily ever after adv
i żyli długo i szczęśliwie
happily until one's death

happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/ n
szczęście radość
emotion of being happy
szczęście
good luck

happy /ˈhæpi/ /ˈhæpiː/ adj
zadowolony
content (to do something); having no objection (to something)
szczęśliwy
contented, joyous
fortunate, lucky

happy Easter phraseologicalUnit
Wesołych Świąt Wesołych Świąt Wielkanocnych Chrystus zmartwychwstał Wesołego Alleluja Wesołych Świąt Wielkiej Nocy Zaprawdę zmartwychwstał
an expression used during Easter

happy New Year phraseologicalUnit
do siego roku szczęśliwego Nowego Roku
Happy New Year

happy birthday /ˈhæpi ˈbɜːθ.deɪ/ /ˈhæpi ˈbɝθ.deɪ/ interjection
wszystkiego najlepszego z okazji urodzin sto lat wszystkiego najlepszego
good wishes for a birthday

happy ending n
szczęśliwy koniec
happy end

haptic /ˈhæptɪk/ adj
haptyczny
of or relating to haptics
dotykowy haptyczny
of or relating to the sense of touch

harass /həˈɹæs/ /ˈhæɹəs/ v
dręczyć gnębić nękać prześladować
to annoy; to molest

harbinger /ˈhɑɹbɪndʒəɹ/ /ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/ n
zwiastun
that which foretells the coming of something

harbor /ˈhɑɹbɚ/ /ˈhɑːbə/ n
port
for ships

harbormaster n
kapitan portu
official responsible for the enforcement of regulations in a port

hard /hɑɹd/ /hɑːd/ adj
ciężki
demanding a lot of effort to endure
mocny
of drink: strong
twarda
of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds
trudny
requiring a lot of effort to do or understand
twardy
resistant to pressure
surowy
severe
niepodważalny
unquestionable

hard candy n
cukierek landrynka
candy prepared from one or more syrups

hard disk n
dysk twardy
unit and all the disks within it

hard drive n
dysk twardy
device used for storing large amounts of data

hard of hearing adj
niedosłyszący
having difficulty hearing

hard palate n
podniebienie twarde
tissue

hard-boiled adj
bezduszny
callous
ugotowane na twardo
of an egg

harden /ˈhɑɹdn̩/ /ˈhɑːdn̩/ v
stwardnieć twardnieć
become hard
hartować zahartować
become less sensitive
utwardzać utwardzić
make hard(er)

hardened /ˈhɑɹdn̩d/ /ˈhɑːdn̩d/ adj
stwardniały
unfeeling or lacking emotion due to experience; callous

hardhead n
podgorzałka australijska
Aythya australis

hardpan n
rudawiec orsztyn
layer of soil

hardship /ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/ n
trudność
difficulty or trouble

hardtack n
suchar
hard biscuit

hardware /ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/ /ˈhɑːdˌwɛə/ n
sprzęt
electronic equipment
equipment
material part of a computer
artykuły metalowe
metal implements

hardworking adj
pilny
taking their work seriously and doing it well and rapidly

hare /hɛɚ/ n
zając
animal

harelip n
zajęcza warga
congenital malformation of the upper lip

harem /ˈhæɹəm/ /ˈhɑːɹiːm/ n
harem
the private part of an Arab household

harlequin /ˈhɑɹlɪkwɪn/ /ˈhɑːlɪkwɪn/ n
arlekin
pantomime fool

harlot n
jawnogrzesznica ladacznica lafirynda nierządnica
a female prostitute

harm /hɑɹm/ /hɑːm/ n
krzywda szkoda
injury; hurt; damage

harm /hɑɹm/ /hɑːm/ v
krzywdzić uszkadzać
cause damage

harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/ /ˈhɑːmfl̩/ adj
szkodliwy
likely to be damaging

harmless /ˈhɑɹmləs/ /ˈhɑːmləs/ adj
nieszkodliwy
incapable of causing harm or danger

harmlessly /ˈhɑɹmləsli/ /ˈhɑːmləsli/ adv
nieszkodliwie
in a harmless manner

harmonic mean n
średnia harmoniczna
type of average

harmonica /ˌhɑɹ.ˈmɑ.nɪ.kə/ /ˌhɑɹ.ˈmɒ.nɪ.kə/ n
harmonijka harmonijka ustna
wind instrument

harmonious adj
harmonijny
having components pleasingly combined

harness /ˈhɑː(ɹ).nəs/ n
uprząż
restraint or support

harness /ˈhɑː(ɹ).nəs/ v
ujarzmiać ujarzmić
to control or put to use
zaprząc zaprzęgać
to place a harness on something

harp /hɑɹp/ /hɑːp/ n
harfa
musical instrument

harp seal /ˈhɑɹp.siːl/ n
foka grenlandzka
a species of seal

harpist /ˈhɑɹpɪst/ n
harfista harfistka
Person who plays the harp

harpoon /hɑːɹˈpuːn/ /hɑːˈpuːn/ n
harpun
spearlike weapon

harpooner n
harpuniarz harpunnik
someone who hunts with a harpoon

harpsichord /ˈhɑɹp.sɪˌkɔɹd/ /ˈhɑː(ɹ)p.sɪ.kɔː(ɹ)d/ n
klawesyn
musical instrument

harpsichordist n
klawesynista klawesynistka
one who plays the harpsichord

harpy /ˈhɑɹpi/ /ˈhɑːpi/ n
harpia
Fabulous winged monster with the face of a woman
Obnoxious, shrewish woman

harpy eagle n
harpia wielka
Harpia harpyja

harquebus /ˈhɑɹkɨbʌs/ n
arkebuz
obsolete matchlock firearm

harridan /ˈhæɹ.ɪ.dən/ n
jędza wiedźma
vicious and scolding woman

harrier /ˈhæɹi.ə(ɹ)/ n
błotniak
birds of prey

harrow /ˈhæɹoʊ/ /ˈhæɹəʊ/ /ˈhɛɹoʊ/ n
brona
device

harrow /ˈhæɹoʊ/ /ˈhæɹəʊ/ /ˈhɛɹoʊ/ v
bronować
drag a harrow over

harrowing /ˈhæɹəʊiŋ/ adj
udręczony
causing pain or distress

harsh /hɑɹʃ/ /hɑːʃ/ adj
szorstka szorstki szorstkie

hartwort n
trzebucha
plant of Europe

harvest /ˈhaːvəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ /ˈhɑːvɪst/ n
żniwa
process of gathering the ripened crop
season of gathering the ripened crop
plon żniwo
product or result of any exertion
żniwa żniwo plon urodzaj
yield of harvesting

harvest /ˈhaːvəst/ /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ /ˈhɑːvɪst/ v
żniwować
to be occupied bringing in a harvest
zbierać
to bring in a harvest; reap

harvest mite n
swędzik jesienny
harvest mite

harvestman n
kosarz
arachnid

has-been /ˈhæz.biːn/ /ˈhæz.bɪn/ n
has-been
person declining in popularity or effectiveness

hash /ˈhæʃ/ n
skrót
key generated by a hash function
kratka krzyżyk płotek
the # symbol
hasz
clipped form of hashish

hashish /həˈʃiːʃ/ n
haszysz
dried leaves of the Indian hemp plant

hashtag /ˈhæʃˌtæɡ/ n
hasztag
a tag with a hash sign

hasp n
skobel wrzeciądz
a clasp

hassium /ˈhæsiəm/ n
has
chemical element with atomic number 108

hassle /ˈhæsl/ n
kłótnia
fight or argument
kłopot problem
trouble, bother, unwanted annoyances or problems

haste /heɪst/ n
pośpiech
speed, swiftness, dispatch

haste makes waste proverb
co nagle, to po diable gdy się człowiek spieszy, to się diabeł cieszy
being too hasty leads to wasteful mistakes

hasten /ˈheɪs.ən/ v
przesunąć na wcześniejszy termin przyspieszyć
to cause a scheduled event to happen earlier
popędzać przyspieszać przyspieszyć
to make someone/something speed up

hasty /ˈheɪsti/ adj
pośpieszny
acting in haste; being too hurried or quick

hat /hæt/ [hat] [hɛt] n
kapelusz kłobuk
a head covering

hatch /hætʃ/ v
lęgnąć się wykluwać się wykluć się
of an egg, to break open

hatchery /ˈhætʃəɹi/ n
wylęgarnia
a facility where eggs are hatched under artificial conditions

hatchway n
luk
doorway with hatch

hate /heɪt/ n
hejt
negative interaction in Internet

hate /heɪt/ v
nienawidzić
to dislike intensely

hate speech n
mowa nienawiści
offensive speech

hateful /ˈheɪtfəl/ adj
nienawistny
full of hate

hatred /ˈheɪtɹɪd/ n
nienawiść
strong aversion

hats off interjection
czapki z głów
Congratulations

hatter n
kapelusznik
person who makes, sells, or repairs hats

haughtiness n
buta
the property of being haughty

haughty /ˈhɑti/ /ˈhɔːti/ adj
wyniosły
disdainful, supercilious; in demeanour conveying the assumption of superiority

haul /hɑl/ /hɔl/ /hɔːl/ n
holowanie wleczenie
distance over which something is hauled or transported, especially if long

haul /hɑl/ /hɔl/ /hɔːl/ v
ostrzyć wyostrzyć
(nautical) to steer closer to the wind
transportować wlec
to carry or transport something heavy or difficult to move
ciągnąć
to draw or pull something heavy

haunt /hænt/ /hɑːnt/ /hɔːnt/ v
nawiedzać nawiedzić straszyć
to inhabit, or visit frequently

haunted /ˈhɑntɪd/ /ˈhɔːntɪd/ adj
nawiedzony
frequented by a ghost

have /heɪv/ /hæf/ /hæv/ /həv/ v
mieć
to possess

have a nice day phraseologicalUnit
miłego dnia
goodbye

have fun interjection
baw się dobrze dobrej zabawy!
wish someone a good time

have had it v
mieć dość mieć potąd mieć powyżej uszu
to have endured all that one can

have one foot in the grave v
być jedną nogą na tamtym świecie być jedną nogą w grobie stać nad grobem

have one's cake and eat it too v
zjeść ciastko i mieć ciastko
to seek to have two things which are mutually incompatible

have sex v
uprawiać seks
take part in a sexual act

have the foggiest phraseologicalUnit
nie mam zielonego pojęcia
"I haven't the foggiest": [[I don't know]]

have to /ˈhæf.tu/ /ˈhæf.tə/ /ˈhæv.tuː/ v
musieć
conclusion
musieć mieć trzeba komuś
obligation

haven /ˈheɪvən/ n
port
harbour

haversack n
chlebak
oat bag

havoc /ˈhæv.ək/ n
spustoszenie
devastation

haw /hɔː/ interjection
wiśta
an instruction for a horse or other animal to turn towards the driver

hawfinch n
grubodziób
finch

hawk /hɑk/ /hɔk/ /hɔːk/ n
jastrząb
predatory bird of Accipitridae
advocate of aggressive politics

hawkbit n
brodawnik
flower of the genus Leontodon

hawksbeard n
pępawa
Crepis gen. et spp.

hawser n
cuma
cable

hawthorn /ˈhɔ.θɔɹn/ /ˈhɔː.θɔːn/ n
głóg
type of shrub

hay /heɪ/ n
siano
grass cut and dried for use as animal fodder

hay /heɪ/ v
kosić siano
to cut green plants for fodder

hay fever n
katar sienny pyłkowica
allergy to pollen

haymaking n
sianokosy
cutting and curing of grass

haystack /ˈheɪˌstæk/ n
stóg stóg siana
a mound, pile, or stack of stored hay

hazard /ˈhazəd/ /ˈhæzɚd/ n
niebezpieczeństwo ryzyko
peril

haze /heɪz/ n
otumanienie
figurative haze, such as mental confusion
mental confusion
mgiełka mgła
very fine particles suspended in the air

hazel /ˈheɪzəl/ adj
orzechowy piwny
colour

hazel /ˈheɪzəl/ n
leszczyna
tree / shrub
wood

hazel grouse n
jarząbek jarząbek zwyczajny
bird

hazelnut /ˈheɪzəlnʌt/ n
orzech laskowy
fruit

hazzan n
chazan
Jewish cantor in a synagogue

he /hi/ /ˈhiː/ pronoun
on
personal pronoun "he"

he who laughs last laughs best /ˈhi hu ˈlæfs ˈlæst ˈlæfs ˈbɛst/ /ˈhiː huː ˈlɑːfs ˈlɑːst ˈlɑːfs ˈbɛst/ proverb
ten się śmieje, kto się śmieje ostatni
success is better after you've endured ridicule

he-cat n
kocur
male cat

head /hɛd/ adj
czołowy
coming from in front

head /hɛd/ n
główka pseudancjum
clump of seeds, leaves or flowers
główka głowa
end of hammer, axe, golf club etc.
dyrektor dyrektorka
headmaster, headmistress
kierownik kierowniczka
leader, chief, mastermind
głowa główka
part of the body
topmost or leading part
blunt end of a nail, screw etc.

head /hɛd/ v
kierować
to be in command of
kierować się
to move in a specified direction

head in the clouds n
z głową w chmurach
having fantastic or impractical dreams

head of government n
szef rządu
chief officer of the executive branch of a government

head of household n
głowa rodziny
household role

head of state n
głowa państwa
the chief public representative of a nation

head over heels adv
do góry nogami
tumbling upside down

headache /ˈhɛdeɪk/ n
problem zmartwienie
nuisance or unpleasant problem
ból głowy
pain or ache in the head

headband /ˈhɛdˌbænd/ n
kapitałka
strip of fabric attached to the top of the spine of a book
opaska
strip of fabric worn around the head

headboard n
wezgłowie
vertical panel at the head of a bed

headbutt /ˈhɛdbʌt/ n
uderzenie głową uderzenie z Baśki
sharp blow

headbutt /ˈhɛdbʌt/ v
uderzyć głową uderzyć z Baśki
to deliver a sharp blow

header /ˈhɛdə/ n
główka
brick that is laid sideways
soccer: act of hitting the ball with the head
nagłówek
upper portion of a page layout

headhunter n
łowca głów
recruiter

headland /ˈhɛdlənd/ n
cypel przylądek
bit of coastal land that juts into the sea

headless adj
bezgłowy
without a head

headlight n
reflektor
bright light in front of vehicle

headline /ˈhɛd.laɪn/ n
nagłówek
heading or title of an article

headphones n
słuchawki
pair of speakers worn over or in the ears so only the wearer can hear the sound

headrest n
zagłówek
part of a seat

heads or tails n
orzeł czy reszka
heads or tails

heads will roll phraseologicalUnit
polecą głowy
some people will be fired for incompetence

headscarf n
apaszka chusta chustka podwijka podwika rańtuch
piece of material worn over the head

headshot n
headshot
A gunshot to the head

headword /ˈhɛdwɜːd/ /ˈhɛdwɝd/ n
hasło
word used as the title of a section

heal /hiːl/ v
uzdrawiać uzdrowić
make better

healer /ˈhilɚ/ /ˈhiːlə(ɹ)/ n
uzdrowiciel
person who heals

healing /ˈhiːlɪŋ/ n
leczenie gojenie
process of regeneration

health /hɛlθ/ n
zdrowie
state of being free of physical or psychological disease, illness, or malfunction
physical condition
overall level of function of an organism

health care n
opieka zdrowotna
prevention, treatment, and management of illnesses

health insurance n
ubezpieczenie zdrowotne
insurance against incurring medical expenses among individuals

healthy /ˈhɛl.θi/ adj
zdrowy
enjoying health and vigor of body, mind, or spirit: well
conducive to health

heap /heːp/ /hiːp/ n
kupa
kupa sterta
pile
kopiec
type of data structure

hear /hjɜː/ /hɪə(ɹ)/ /hɪɹ/ v
słyszeć słuchać
to perceive sounds through the ear
słyszeć usłyszeć
to perceive with the ear

hear out v
wysłuchać
to listen to someone until that person has finished

hearing /ˈhiːɹ.ɪŋ/ /ˈhɪəɹ.ɪŋ/ /ˈhɪɹ.ɪŋ/ n
przesłuchanie
legal procedure
słuch
sense

hearing aid n
aparat słuchowy
hearing assistance device

hearsay n
pogłoska
(law) evidence based on the reports of others rather than on personal knowledge
plotka pogłoska
information that was heard by one person about another

hearse /hɜɹs/ /hɜːs/ n
karawan
vehicle for transporting dead

heart /hɑɹt/ /hɑːt/ n
serce serduszko
a shape or symbol
kier serce
a suit of cards
serce kier
an organ
centre or core
seat of affections, understanding or will

heart attack n
zawał serca
acute myocardial infarction

heart of gold n
złote serce
kindheartedness

heart surgeon n
kardiochirurg
surgeon of the heart

heart-shaped adj
sercowaty
having the supposed shape of a heart

heartbeat /ˈhɑɹtˌbit/ /ˈhɑːtˌbiːt/ n
bicie serca puls
one pulsation of the heart

heartbreaker /hɑɹt.bɹeɪ.kɚ/ /hɑːt.bɹeɪ.kə/ n
pożeracz serc pożeraczka serc
person who causes sorrow

heartburn n
zgaga pieczenie
pain caused by stomach acid

hearth /hɑːɹθ/ /hɑːθ/ n
palenisko
floor of fireplace
ognisko domowe
home or family life
kominek
recess

hearth and home n
ognisko domowe
traditional family values

hearts /hɑː(ɹ)ts/ n
kier
the card suit (♥)
kierki kier
trick-taking card game

heartthrob n
bicie serca
heartbeat

heartwood n
twardziel
wood

heat /hiːt/ /çiːt/ n
pikantność
attribute of a spice that causes a burning sensation in the mouth
ciepło gorąco żar
condition or quality of being hot
cieczka ruja
condition where a mammal is aroused sexually or where it is especially fertile
upał ciepło
hot spell
afekt ferwor
period of intensity, particularly of emotion
rozgrzewka
preliminary race, used to determine the participants in a final race
gnat klamka spluwa
slang: one or more firearms
psy
slang: the police
ciepło
thermal energy
nagonka
undesirable amount of attention

heat /hiːt/ /çiːt/ v
podniecać podniecić rozgrzać rozgrzewać
to arouse, to excite (sexually)
grzać ogrzać ogrzewać podgrzać podgrzewać
to cause an increase in temperature of an object or space

heat death n
śmierć cieplna
state of a thermodynamic system

heat death of the universe n
śmierć cieplna Wszechświata
entropic doom

heat exchanger n
wymiennik ciepła
device for transferring heat

heater /ˈhitɚ/ /ˈhiːtə/ n
grzejnik ogrzewacz
device that produces and radiates heat

heath /hiːθ/ n
wrzosowisko
type of land

heathen /ˈhiːðən/ adj
pogański bałwański
not adhering to an Abrahamic religion

heathen /ˈhiːðən/ n
poganin poganka
person who does not follow an Abrahamic religion

heather /ˈhɛðə/ /ˈhɛðɚ/ n
wrzos
plant

heathland n
wrzosowisko
heathland

heating /ˈhiːtɪŋ/ n
ogrzewanie
system

heatwave n
upał
period of very hot weather

heaven /ˈhɛvən/ n
niebo raj
paradise
sky

heavenly /ˈhɛvənli/ adj
niebiański
extremely beautiful or pleasurable
pertaining to heaven
boski niebiański
pertaining to the kingdom of God; divine

heavenly body n
ciało niebieskie
natural celestial body

heavens /ˈhɛvənz/ n
niebiosa
the sky

heavy /ˈhe.vi/ /ˈhɛ.vi/ adj
ciężki
having great weight
of weather:hot and humid

heavy metal n
heavy metal
type of music

heavy water n
ciężka woda
water containing deuterium instead of normal hydrogen

hebetude /ˈhɛb.ə.tjuːd/ /ˈhɛb.ə.tuːd/ n
ogłupienie
mental lethargy or dullness

hectare /ˈhektaː/ /ˈhɛktɛɹ/ /ˈhɛktɛː/ n
hektar
unit of surface area

hecto- prefix
hekto-
hundred

hectolitre n
hektolitr
100 litres

hectopascal n
hektopaskal
unit of pressure

heddle n
nicielnica
part of a loom

hedge /hɛdʒ/ n
żywopłot
thicket of bushes planted in a row

hedgehog /ˈhɛdʒhɒɡ/ n
jeż
animal

hedonism /ˈhiːdənɪzəm/ n
hedonizm
philosophy

heel /hiːl/ n
pięta
anatomy: part of the foot
rear part of a sock
piętka przylepka
end-piece of a loaf of bread
obcas
part of shoe

hefty /ˈhɛfti/ adj
cięzki
heavy

hegemony /həˈdʒɛm.ə.ni/ /hɪˈɡɛm.ə.ni/ n
hegemonia
domination, influence, or authority over another

heifer /ˈhɛfə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛfɚ/ n
jałówka
young cow

height /haɪt/ n
wysokość
distance from bottom to top
wzrost
height of a standing person or animal

heir /ɛəɹ/ n
następca sukcesor
one who inherits, or has been designated to inherit, a hereditary title or office
spadkobierca dziedzic
one who inherits, or is designated to inherit, the property of another
następca
successor in a role

heir apparent n
następca tronu następczyni tronu
someone who will definitely inherit

heirloom /ˈɛə.luːm/ /ˈɛəɹ.lum/ n
dziedzictwo
valued possession passed down through the generations

heist /ˈhaɪst/ n
napad skok
a robbery or burglary

heist /ˈhaɪst/ v
rabować
to steal, rob or hold up something

helicopter /ˈheliˌkɔptə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛl.iˌkɒp.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈhɛlɨˌkɑptɚ/ n
helikopter śmigłowiec
aircraft

helio- prefix
helio-
related to the sun

heliocentrism n
heliocentryzm
the theory that the sun is the center of the universe

heliometer n
heliometr
astronomical instrument for measuring the diameter of the sun

heliosphere n
heliosfera
region of space

heliotherapy n
helioterapia
therapy

helium /ˈhiːli.əm/ n
hel
chemical element

helix /ˈhiːlɪks/ n
helisa
curve

hell /hɛl/ n
piekło
place of suffering in life

hell /hɛl/ pn
piekło
abode for the condemned

hellebore /ˈhɛlɪbɔː/ /ˈhɛlɪbɔːɹ/ n
ciemiernik
Any species of genus Helleborus

helleborine n
buławnik
orchid of the genus Cephalanthera
kruszczyk
orchid of the genus Epipactis

heller n
halerz
13th-century coin equivalent to half a pfennig
Subdivision of Czech koruna

hellfire /ˈhɛlˌfaɪə/ n
ogień piekielny
fire of hell

hellish /ˈhɛlɪʃ/ adj
piekielny
causing pain, discomfort or distress

hello /həˈləʊ/ /hɛˈloʊ/ interjection
cześć witaj witajcie dzień dobry witam halo
greeting
halo? jest tu kto?
is anyone there?
halo słucham
when answering the telephone

helm /hɛlm/ n
ster
steering apparatus of a ship

helmet /ˈhɛlmɪt/ n
hełm kask
protective head covering

helmsman n
sternik
person responsible for steering a ship

helot n
helota
Spartan serf

help /hɛlp/ interjection
pomocy ratunku
cry of distress

help /hɛlp/ n
pomoc
action given to provide assistance
pomoc domowa
person employed to help in the maintenance of a house

help /hɛlp/ v
pomagać pomóc
transitive: provide assistance to (someone or something)

help desk n
obsługa klienta
a section of an organization to help customers or users

help oneself v
częstować się
take something freely

help out v
pomóc
provide assistance

helpful /ˈhɛlp.fəl/ adj
pomocny uczynny
furnishing help; giving aid; useful

helping hand n
pomocna dłoń
any assistance, help or aid

helplessness n
bezradność
state of being helpless

helpmate n
mat pomocniczy
A recreational problem in chess.

hem /hɛm/ /hɪm/ n
obrębek
border of an article of clothing doubled back and stitched together

hem in v
otoczyć
to surround and enclose

hemangioma n
naczyniak krwionośny
tumor

hematocrit /hɪˈmætəkɹɪt/ n
hematokryt

hematoma /ˌhiməˈtoʊmə/ n
krwiak
swelling of blood from broken vessel

hematophagy /ˌhi.məˈtɑf.ə.dʒi/ /ˌhiː.məˈtɒf.ə.dʒɪ/ n
hematofag
practice of feeding on blood

hematopoiesis /ˌhimətoʊ.pojˈisɪs/ n
hematopoeza hemopoeza
process by which blood cells are produced

hemi- prefix
hemi-
half

hemisphere /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/ /ˈhɛmɪsfɪəɹ/ n
półkula
any half-sphere
half of the Earth

hemispherectomy n
hemisferektomia
surgical removal of a brain hemisphere

hemlock /ˈhɛmˌlɒk/ n
szczwół
poisonous plant of genus Conium
choina
tree

hemodialysis n
hemodializa
extracorporeal dialysis

hemodynamics /ˌhimoʊdaɪˈnæmɪks/ n
hemodynamika
circulation of blood

hemoglobin n
hemoglobina
the iron-containing substance in red blood cells that transports oxygen

hemorrhage /ˈhɛməɹɪdʒ/ n
krwotok krwawienie
release of blood; bleeding

hemp /hɛmp/ n
konopie
Cannabis sativa

hen /hɛn/ n
kura
female chicken
female bird

hen harrier n
błotniak zbożowy
bird

henbane /ˈhɛnbeɪn/ n
lulek
Hyoscyamus niger

hence /ˈhɛns/ adv
więc w związku z tym skutkiem tego
as a result, therefore
stąd
from here

henchman /ˈhɛntʃ.mən/ n
poplecznik stronnik zausznik
a loyal and trusted follower or subordinate
a person who supports a political figure chiefly out of selfish interests
zbir gangster
an assistant member of a criminal gang

henhouse n
kurnik
house for chickens to live in

henna /hɛnə/ n
henna
dye

henotheism /ˈhɛnoʊˌθiɪz(ə)m/ /ˈhɛnəʊˌθiːɪz(ə)m/ n
henoteizm
belief or worship

henpecked /ˈhɛnpɛkt/ adj
pod pantoflem
plagued or overwhelmed by one's wife

henry n
henr
SI unit for electrical inductance

hentai n
hentai
a work of anime that contains sexual art (esp. manga or anime)

heparin n
heparyna
a glycosaminoglycan

hepatitis /ˌhɛpəˈtaɪ̯tɪs/ n
zapalenie wątroby
liver inflammation

hepatitis A n
WZW typu A wirusowe zapalenie wątroby typu A
acute form of hepatitis

heptagon /ˈhɛp.tə.ɡɒn/ /ˈhɛp.tə.ɡən/ n
siedmiokąt
polygon with seven sides and seven angles

heptane n
heptan
saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon: C₇H16

heptarchy n
heptarchia
A group of seven states.

heptathlon n
siedmiobój
athletic contest

her /ə(ɹ)/ /ɚ/ /ˈhɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈhɝ/ determiner
jej
belonging to

her /ə(ɹ)/ /ɚ/ /ˈhɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈhɝ/ pronoun
jej ją niej nią
she

herald /ˈhɛɹəld/ n
herold
a harbinger giving signs of things to come
a messenger, especially one bringing important news
an official whose speciality is heraldry
szczerbówka
moth

heraldic adj
heraldyczny
relating to the profession of devising and blazoning arms

heraldry /ˈhɛɹ.əl.dɹi/ n
heraldyka
the profession of devising and blazoning arms

herb /(h)ɝb/ /hɜːb/ n
zioło
plant used in medicine
slang: marijuana
zioło ziele
plant used to flavour food

herbalist n
zielarz
person who treats diseases by herbs

herbarium n
herbarium zielnik
collection of dried plants

herbicidal adj
chwastobójczy
relating to herbicides

herbicide n
herbicyd
substance used to kill plants

herbivore /ˈhɜːbɪvɔː(ɹ)/ /ˈhɜːɹbɪvɔːɹ/ n
roślinożerca
plant-eating organism

herbivorous /hɜːɹˈbɪvəɹəs/ adj
roślinożerny
feeding only on plants

herd /hɜːd/ /hɝd/ n
pasterz
herdsman

herding dog n
pies pasterski
herding dog

herdsman n
pastuch
a person who tends livestock, especially cows and sheep

here /hiːɹ/ /hjɜː/ /hɪə(ɹ)/ /hɪɹ/ adv
tu tutaj
in, on, or at this place
tutaj dotąd
to this place

here /hiːɹ/ /hjɜː/ /hɪə(ɹ)/ /hɪɹ/ n
tu tutaj
this place

here and there adv
tu i tam tam i sam
in one place and another

here you are phraseologicalUnit
masz proszę
said when handing something over

hereby /hɪəˈbʌɪ/ /hɪɹˈbaɪ/ adv
niniejszym
formal phrase

hereditary /həˈɹɛdɪt(ə)ɹi/ /həˈɹɛdɪˌtɛɹi/ adj
dziedziczny
of a disease or trait: passed in the genes
of a person: holding a hereditary title or rank
of a title, honor or right: granted to somebody's descendant after that person's death
which is passed on as inheritance

heredity /həˈɹɛɾəɾi/ /hɪˈɹɛdɪti/ n
dziedziczność
hereditary transmission

heresiarch /həˈɹiziɑɹk/ /hɛˈɹiːzɪɑːk/ n
herezjarcha
founder of a heresy

heresy /ˈhɛɹəsi/ n
herezja
a controversial opinion
herezja kacerstwo
dissension from religious dogma

heretic /ˈhɛɹɨtɪk/ n
heretyczka heretyk kacerz
someone who believes contrary to fundamentals

heritage n
spadek dziedzictwo
property
dziedzictwo spuścizna
tradition

hermaphrodite /hɝˈmæfɹədaɪt/ adj
hermafrodyczny
combining two opposing qualities
having both male and female gonads

hermaphrodite /hɝˈmæfɹədaɪt/ n
hermafrodyta
individual or organism having both male and female gonads
person or thing possessing two opposing qualities

hermaphroditic adj
hermafrodytyczny
of or pertaining to hermaphrodism

hermaphroditically adv
hermafrodytycznie obupłciowo
in a hermaphroditic manner

hermeneutical /hɝməˈn(j)uːtɨkəl/ adj
hermeneutyczny
concerning hermeneutics

hermeneutics /hɜːɹməˈnjuːtɪks/ n
hermeneutyka
art and science of text interpretation

hermetically adv
hermetycznie
hermetically

hermit /ˈhɝmɪt/ n
odludek samotnik
recluse; someone who lives alone
pustelnik
religious recluse; eremite

hermit crab n
krab pustelnik rak pustelnik
crustacean

hermitage n
erem eremitorium pustelnia
dwelling place of hermit
odosobnienie erem
place of seclusion

hernia n
przepuklina
part of the body protruding abnormally through a tear or opening in an adjacent part

hero /ˈhɛəɹoʊ/ /ˈhɪəɹəʊ/ /ˈhɪɹoʊ/ n
bohater
main protagonist
role model
bohater heros bohaterka
person of great bravery

heroic /hɪˈɹoʊ.ɪk/ /hɪˈɹəʊ.ɪk/ adj
bohaterski
of or relating to heroism

heroin /ˈhɛɹoʊ.ɪn/ n
heroina
powerful and addictive drug

heroine /ˈhɛɹoʊɪn/ n
bohaterka
female hero

heroism /ˈheɹoʊɪzəm/ /ˈheɹəʊɪzəm/ n
bohaterstwo
the qualities characteristic of a hero, the display of them

heron /ˈhɛɹən/ n
czapla
bird

herpes /ˈhɝ.piz/ n
opryszczka
viral disease

herpetological adj
herpetologiczny
of or relating to herpetology, the study of reptiles

herring /ˈhɛɹɪŋ/ n
śledź
fish in Clupea

herring gull n
mewa srebrzysta
large seagull

herringbone /ˈhɛɹɪŋˌboʊn/ n
jodełka
pattern

hers /əz/ /ɚz/ /ˈhɜːz/ /ˈhɝz/ pronoun
jej
that which belongs to her

hertz /hɜːts/ /hɝts/ n
herc
the derived unit of frequency

hesitate /ˈhɛzɪteɪt/ v
jąkać się
to stammer; to falter in speaking
wahać się
to stop or pause respecting decision or action

hesitation /hɛzɪˈteɪʃən/ n
wahanie niezdecydowanie
act of hesitating

heterogeneous /hɛ.tə.ɹə.ˈdʒiː.niː.əs/ adj
heterogeniczny
diverse in kind

heteronym /ˈhɛt.ə.ɹoʊ.nɪm/ /ˈhɛt.əɹ.ə(ʊ).nɪm/ n
heteronim
fictitious character writing in a different style

heterophobia n
heterofobia
fear or resentment of heterosexuals or heterosexuality

heterosexism n
heteroseksizm
Discrimination in favor of heterosexuals

heterosexual /ˌhɛtəɹəˈsɛkʃuəl/ adj
heteroseksualny
sexually attracted to members of the opposite sex

heterosexual /ˌhɛtəɹəˈsɛkʃuəl/ n
hetero
a heterosexual organism

heterosexuality n
heteroseksualizm
heterosexual orientation

heterosexually adj
heteroseksualnie
in a heterosexual way

heterotrophic adj
cudzożywny
being a heterotroph

hetman n
hetman
a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries

heuristic /hjuˈɹɪstɪk/ adj
heurystyczny
relating to general strategies or methods for solving problems

heuristic /hjuˈɹɪstɪk/ n
heurystyka
heuristic method, heuristics

hew /hjuː/ v
rąbać siec
to chop away at; to whittle down; to mow down

hexagon /ˈhɛk.sə.ɡɑn/ /ˈhɛk.sə.ɡən/ n
sześciokąt
A polygon with six sides and six angles

hexameter n
heksametr
line in a poem
poetic metre

hexane /ˈhɛkseɪn/ n
heksan
aliphatic hydrocarbon: C₆H14

hexapod /ˈhɛk.sə.pɑd/ /ˈhɛk.sə.pɒd/ n
sześcionóg
arthropod with six feet
organism or being with six legs

hey /heɪ/ interjection
e ej hej
exclamation to get attention
hej
informal greeting
ej ejże hola
protest or reprimand

hi /haɪ/ interjection
cześć czołem cześka elo graba heja
friendly, informal greeting

hiatus /haɪˈeɪtəs/ n
przerwa
interruption, break or pause

hibernation /ˌhaɪ.bəɹˈneɪ.ʃən/ /ˌhaɪ.bəːˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
sen zimowy
state of inactivity during winter

hiccup /ˈhɪkəp/ n
czkawka
spasm of the diaphragm

hiccup /ˈhɪkəp/ v
czkać czknąć
to hiccup

hickey /ˈhɪk.i/ n
malinka
bruise-like mark

hidden /ˈhɪd(ə)n/ adj
ukryty
that has been hidden
that has been moved out of sight; invisible or unapparent
obscure

hide /haɪd/ n
skóra
skin of an animal

hide /haɪd/ v
schować się skryć się
(intransitive)
ukrywać chować
(transitive)

hide and seek n
chowany
game

hide one's light under a bushel v
bo nie jest światło by pod korcem stało trzymać światło pod korcem

hideous /ˈhɪd.iː.ʌs/ adj
obrzydliwy ohydny
extremely ugly

hiding place /ˈhaɪdɪŋpleɪs/ n
schowek
a place where something or someone may be hidden

hierarchization n
hierarchizacja

hierarchy /ˈhaɪ.ə.ɹɑː(ɹ).ki/ n
hierarchia
body of authoritative officials organised by rank
class of objects

hieroglyph /ˈhaɪɹəˌɡlɪf/ n
hieroglif
element of ideographic writing system

hierophany /hɪ.əˈɹɒ.fə.ni/ n
hierofania
physical manifestation of the sacred

high /haɪ/ adj
wysoki
elevated; tall
of great or large quantity
acoustics: of greater frequency
naćpany
slang: stoned

high /haɪ/ adv
wysoko
in a pitch of great frequency
in or at an elevated position

high five n
piątka
gesture

high five v
przybić piątkę
to slap high five

high frequency n
wysoka częstotliwość
frequency area from 3 MHz through 30 MHz

high island n
wyspa wulkaniczna

high jump n
skok wzwyż
athletics event

high priest n
arcykapłan
clergyman
office of the Melchizedek priesthood

high school /ˈhaɪ.skul/ n
szkoła średnia
secondary school

high seas n
głębokie morze
regions of ocean far from shore

high street n
główna ulica
the main street of any town

high tide n
przypływ
the natural tide at its highest level
climax, culminating point or phase

high-rise n
wieżowiec wysokościowiec
A tall building

high-speed rail n
kolej dużych prędkości
type of rail transport

highchair n
wysokie krzesełko dla dziecka
elevated chair used for feeding babies

higher education n
wyższe wykształcenie
education at university level or beyond

highland /ˈhaɪlənd/ adj
górski
relating to highlands

highland /ˈhaɪlənd/ n
wyżyna
mountainous land

highlander /ˈhaɪləndə/ /ˈhaɪləndəɹ/ n
góral góralka
inhabitant of highlands

highly /ˈhaɪli/ adv
wysoko
extremely, greatly, awfully
in a high or esteemed manner

hight /haɪt/ v
nazywać zwać
be called

highway /ˈhaɪweɪ/ n
autostrada szosa
main public road

hijab /hɪˈdʒɑːb/ n
hidżab
headscarf
practice of wearing a headscarf

hijacker /ˈhaɪˌdʒækəɹ/ n
porywacz
someone who hijacks

hike /haɪk/ n
wędrówka
a long walk

hike /haɪk/ v
wędrować
to take a long walk for pleasure or exercise

hiker /ˈhaɪkɚ/ n
wędrowiec
One who hikes, especially frequently

hikikomori n
hikikomori
phenomenon

hilarious /hɪˈleɹiəs/ /hɪˈlæɹiəs/ /hɪˈlɛəɹiəs/ adj
(arcy)śmieszny
very funny; causing great merriment and laughter

hilarity /hɪˈlæɹɪ.ti/ n
głupawka
something inducing laughter

hill /hɪl/ n
pagórek wzgórze górka kopiec
elevated location

hillock /ˈhɪl.ək/ n
pagórek
small hill

hilt /hɪlt/ n
rękojeść
grip of a sword

hilum /ˈhaɪ.ləm/ n
wnęka
(anatomy) porta of an organ

him /əm/ /ˈhɪm/ pronoun
go jego
accusative / direct object
jemu mu
dative / indirect object
niego niemu nim
objective after preposition

hind /haɪnd/ adj
tylny zadni
located at the rear

hind /haɪnd/ n
łania
female deer

hindbrain n
tyłomózgowie
hindbrain

hinder /ˈhɪndə/ /ˈhɪndɚ/ adj
tylny
of or belonging to that part in the rear

hinder /ˈhɪndə/ /ˈhɪndɚ/ n
sempiterna
slang: buttocks

hinder /ˈhaɪn.də/ /ˈhaɪn.dɚ/ /ˈhɪndə/ /ˈhɪndɚ/ v
opóźniać wstrzymywać
to delay or impede movement
powstrzymywać przeszkadzać
to make a task difficult

hindrance n
przeszkoda
something which hinders

hindsight is 20/20 proverb
mądry Polak po szkodzie
in hindsight things are obvious that were not obvious from the outset

hinge /ˈhɪndʒ/ n
zawias
device for the pivoting of a door

hint /hɪnt/ n
podpowiedź
clue
odrobina
tiny amount

hip /hɪp/ n
biodro
joint
dzika róża owoc
the fruit of a rose

hip hip hooray interjection
hip hip hurra
an exclamation of congratulations

hip-hop n
hip hop
urban youth culture

hippie /ˈhɪpi/ n
hipis hipiska
1960s nonconformist

hippodrome /ˈhɪpəˌdɹəʊm/ n
hipodrom
horse racing course

hippopotamus /ˌhɪp.əˈpɒt.ə.məs/ n
hipopotam
large African mammal

hipster /ˈhɪp.stə/ /ˈhɪp.stɚ/ n
hipster
person interested in the latest trends

hiragana /ˌhɪ.ɹəˈɡæ.nə/ n
hiragana
Japanese syllabary

hire /haɪə/ /haɪɹ/ v
zatrudniać
to employ

his /əz/ /ɪ̈z/ /ˈhɘz/ /ˈhɪz/ determiner
jego swój
attributive: belonging to him

hiss /hɪs/ n
syczenie
sound made by a snake, cat, escaping steam, etc.

hiss /hɪs/ v
syczeć
to make a hissing sound

histidine n
histydyna
essential amino acid; C₆H₉N₃O₂

histogram /ˈhɪstəˌɡɹæm/ n
histogram
graphical display

histology n
histologia
study of microscopic structure

histopathology n
histopatologia
study of tissue

historian /hɪˈstɔəɹɪən/ /hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/ /hɪˈstɔːɹɪən/ n
historyk historyczka
person who studies history
writer of history

historic /(h)ɪˈstɒɹɪk/ /(h)ɪˈstɔːɹɪk/ adj
historyczny
having significance in history

historical /hɪˈstɒɹɪkəl/ /hɪˈstɔːɹɪkəl/ adj
historyczny
pertaining to history

historical linguistics n
językoznawstwo diachroniczne językoznawstwo historyczne
the scientific study of language change

historically adv
historycznie
in a historic manner

history /ˈhɪst(ə)ɹi/ n
historia
aggregate of past events
branch of knowledge that studies the past
record or narrative description of past events
computing: record of previous user events
historia choroby
medicine: list of past and continuing medical conditions

history repeats itself proverb
historia lubi się powtarzać
Translations

hit /hɪt/ adj
uderzenie
blow, punch
trafienie
collision of a projectile with the target
hit przebój
success, especially in the entertainment industry

hit /hɪt/ v
uderzać uderzyć
to give a blow

hit it off v
zaprzyjaźniać się zaprzyjaźnić się
develop an amicable relationship

hit on v
podrywać
to approach somebody seeking love, sex, etc.

hit the jackpot v
rozbić bank
to receive a favorable outcome, by luck

hit the nail on the head v
trafić w sedno
identify something exactly

hitchhike /ˈhɪtʃhaɪk/ v
jechać autostopem podróżować autostopem
to try to get a ride in a passing vehicle while standing at the side of a road

hitchhiker n
autostopowicz autostopowiczka
a person who hitchhikes

hither /ˈhɪðə/ /ˈhɪðɚ/ adv
tutaj dotąd
to here

hitherto /ˈhɪðəˌtuː/ /ˈhɪðɚˌtu/ adv
dotąd dotychczas
up to this time

hitman n
cyngiel płatny zabójca
contract killer

hive off v
odłączyć
separate from a larger group

hmm /hm̩/ interjection
hmm
indicating thinking or pondering

hoard /ho(ː)ɹd/ /hoəd/ /hɔɹd/ /hɔːd/ v
gromadzić
to amass

hoarfrost n
szron
frozen dew drops

hoarse /ho(ː)ɹs/ /hoəs/ /hɔɹs/ /hɔːs/ adj
ochrypły
afflicted by a dry, quite harsh voice

hoarsely adv
ochryple

hoarseness n
chrypa chrypka
having dry harsh voice

hoatzin /wɑːtˈsiːn/ n
hoacyn
bird, Opisthocomus hoazin

hoax /hoʊks/ /həʊks/ n
mistyfikacja szalbierstwo
anything deliberately intended to deceive or trick

hobbit /ˈhɑbɪt/ n
hobbit
fictional small humanoid creature

hobbledehoy /ˈhɒbəldihɔɪ/ n
młokos wyrostek
an awkward adolescent boy

hobby /ˈhɑ.bi/ /ˈhɒ.bi/ n
hobby konik
activity done for enjoyment in spare time
kobuz
Falco subbuteo

hobby horse n
konik
topic about which someone loves to talk

hobo /ˈhəʊ.bəʊ/ n
bezdomny kloszard
homeless person
robotnik sezonowy
migratory worker
tramp wagabunda włóczęga
tramp, vagabond; bum

hockey /ˈhɒki/ n
hokej
the sport

hockey puck n
krążek
puck used in hockey

hockey stick n
kij hokejowy
instrument used in field hockey
kij kij hokejowy
instrument used in ice hockey

hocus-pocus /ˈhoʊkəs ˈpoʊkəs/ interjection
hokus-pokus
a phrase used as a magical incantation

hodja n
chodża hodża
a Muslim schoolmaster

hoe /hoʊ/ /həʊ/ n
motyka
agricultural tool

hog /hɑɡ/ /hɒɡ/ n
wieprz świnia
animal of the family Suidae

hogshead /ˈhɑɡzˌhɛd/ /ˈhɒɡzˌhɛd/ n
okseft
large barrel or cask
measure of capacity for liquids

hogweed n
barszcz
umbelliferous plant

hoi polloi /ˌhɔɪ pəˈlɔɪ/ n
hołota plebs
the common people

hoist /hɔɪst/ v
podnieść podnosić wciągać wciągnąć
transitive: to raise; to lift; to elevate

hoist by one's own petard adj
wpaść we własne sidła
be hurt by one's own plot

hold /hoʊld/ /həʊld/ n
ładownia
cargo area

hold /hoʊld/ /həʊld/ v
trzymać
to grasp

hold off v
odroczyć
to delay someone or something

hold on v
czekać
wait a minute

hold up v
opóźnić wstrzymać
to wait or delay

hole /hoʊl/ /həʊl/ n
wykop
container
dziura otwór
hollow in some surface
dziura
lack of an electron
security vulnerability
otwór dziura
opening in a solid
otwór
orifice (see anus etc. for specific body cavities)
dołek karcer
place where a prisoner is kept
dołek dziura
portion of a game of golf
dziura nora rudera
undesirable place
słaby punkt dziura
weakness, flaw

hole punch n
dziurkacz
tool

holey /ˈhoʊli/ /ˈhəʊl.li/ /ˈhəʊli/ adj
dziurawy
containing holes

holiday /ˈhɑləˌdeɪ/ /ˈhɒlɪdeɪ/ n
święto
day on which a festival etc. is traditionally observed
day declared free from work by the government
wakacje ferie
period during which pupils do not attend school
urlop
period of one or more days taken off work for leisure and often travel

holism n
holizm
theory or belief that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts

hollow /hɑlɚ/ /ˈhɑ.loʊ/ /ˈhɒl.əʊ/ adj
głuchy
echoing, reverberating, as if in a hollow space
pusty wydrążony
having an empty space inside
pusty
without substance

hollow /hɑlɚ/ /ˈhɑ.loʊ/ /ˈhɒl.əʊ/ n
pustka
feeling of emptiness
niecka nizina
sunken area

holly /ˈhɑli/ /ˈhɒli/ n
ostrokrzew
any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Ilex

holmium /ˈhoʊmiəm/ n
holm
chemical element

holocaust /ˈhɑləkɑst/ /ˈhɑləkɔst/ /ˈhɒləkɔːst/ n
całopalenie
sacrifice to a god
holokaust
state-sponsored mass murder of an ethnic group

holomorphic adj
holomorficzny
of a complex function

holonym n
holonim
term that denotes a whole

holonymous adj
holonimiczny

holonymy n
holonimia
system of holonyms

holster n
kabura
case for carrying a gun

holy /ˈhoʊli/ /ˈhəʊli/ adj
święty
dedicated to a religious purpose
revered in a religion
slang intensifier

holy shit /ˈhoʊli ʃɪt/ /ˈhəʊli ʃɪt/ interjection
ja pierdolę! o kurwa!
expression of surprise or the like

holy smoke interjection
no noǃ
expression of surprise

holy war n
wojna religijna święta wojna
primarily religious war

holy water n
woda święcona
water, sanctified

homage /ˈ(h)ɑmɪdʒ/ /ˈ(h)ɒmɪdʒ/ n
hołd
in feudalism, the formal oath of a vassal to his or her lord
demonstration of respect

home /(h)əʊm/ /hoʊm/ adv
w domu
at home
do domu ku domowi w stronę domu
homewards

home /(h)əʊm/ /hoʊm/ n
dom
house or structure in which someone lives
place of refuge or rest
ojczyzna macierz
someone’s native land

home is where the heart is proverb
tam dom twój, gdzie serce twoje
One's true home is where one feels happiest

home page /ˈhoʊmpeɪdʒ/ /ˈhəʊmpeɪdʒ/ n
strona główna
main or first page of a website
strona początkowa strona startowa
web page set to open in a web browser

homebody n
domator domatorka
person who likes to stay home

homeland n
ojczyzna macierz
country which one regards as home

homeless /ˈhoʊmlɪs/ adj
bezdomny
lacking a permanent residence

homeless shelter n
schronisko dla bezdomnych
building to provide shelter for homeless

homelessness n
bezdomność
state of being homeless

homely /ˈhoʊmli/ /ˈhəʊmli/ adj
swojski
characteristic of or belonging to home

homemade adj
domowej roboty domowy
made at home

homeopathic adj
homeopatyczny
of or pertaining to homeopathy

homeopathy /ˌhomiˈɑpəθi/ /ˌhəʊmɪˈɒpəθi/ n
homeopatia
system of treating diseases with very small amounts

homeostasis /ˌhoʊmioʊˈsteɪsɪs/ /ˌhɒmiˈɒstəsɪs/ n
homeostaza
ability to stabilize internal environment

homeothermic adj
stałocieplny
capable of maintaining constant body temperature

homesickness n
nostalgia tęsknota za krajem
missing one's home or family

hometown n
rodzinne miasto
place of birth or residence

homeward /ˈhoʊmwɚd/ /ˈhəʊmwəd/ adv
do domu
towards home

homewards adj
do domu
leading toward home

homework /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/ /ˈhəʊmˌwɜːk/ n
praca domowa zadanie domowe
work that is done at home

homicide /ˈhoʊməsaɪd/ /ˈhɑməsaɪd/ /ˈhɒmɪsaɪd/ n
morderca morderczyni
a person who kills another
zabójstwo
the killing of one person by another

homiletics n
homiletyka
art of preaching

homily /ˈhɑmɪli/ /ˈhɒmɪli/ n
homilia
sermon

homo- prefix
homo- izo-
Same

homogeneous /ˌhoʊ.moʊˈdʒiː.njəs/ /ˌhɒ.mə(ʊ)ˈdʒiː.nɪəs/ adj
jednorodny jednolity
of the same kind; alike, similar

homogenization n
homogenizacja
homogenization

homograph /ˈhɑːməɡɹæf/ /ˈhɒməɡɹɑːf/ n
homograf
word with the same spelling but different meaning

homomorphism n
homomorfizm
notion in mathematics

homonym /ˈhɑm.əˌnɪm/ /ˈhɒm.əˌnɪm/ n
homonim
word with the same sound or spelling

homophobe [ˈhɒməˌfəʊb] n
homofob homofobka
person who is prejudiced against homosexuals and homosexuality

homophobia /ˌhɒ.məˈfəʊ.bi.ə/ n
homofobia
fear, dislike, or hate of homosexuals

homophobic adj
homofobiczny
characteristic of homophobia

homosexual /ˌhoʊməˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ adj
homoseksualny
sexually attracted solely or primarily to the same sex

homosexual /ˌhoʊməˈsɛkʃuːəl/ /ˌhɒməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ /ˌhəʊməʊˈsɛksjuːəl/ n
homoseksualista gej lesbijka
person who is attracted solely or primarily to others of the same sex

homosexuality n
homoseksualizm
sexual orientation

homosexually adv
homoseksualnie
in a homosexual way

homothety n
homotetia jednokładność
scaling transformation

hone /hoʊn/ /həʊn/ n
osełka
sharpening stone

hone /hoʊn/ /həʊn/ v
doskonalić
to refine or master a skill

honest /ˈɑnɪst/ /ˈɒnɪst/ /ˈɔːnɪst/ adj
uczciwy szczery
scrupulous with regard to telling the truth

honestly /ˈɑnɪstli/ /ˈɒnɪstli/ adv
uczciwie
in an honest manner

honesty /ˈɑːnəsti/ /ˈɒnəsti/ /ˈɔːnɪstɪ/ n
szczerość uczciwość
quality of being honest

honey /ˈhʌni/ n
kolor miodowy
colour
laska
informal: attractive woman
miód
sweet substance produced by bees
kochanie
term of affection

honey badger n
miodożer pszczoło-jamnik ratel ratel miodożerny
Mellivora capensis

honey bee n
pszczoła miodny
bee

honey buzzard n
pszczołojad trzmielojad zwyczajny
Pernis apivorus

honey dipper n
czerpak do miodu
kitchen tool

honey fungus n
opieńka
mushroom of the genus Armillaria

honey trap n
miodowa pułapka
use of a romanitc and/or sexual relationship

honeycomb /ˈhʌniːkəʊm/ n
plaster plaster miodu
structure of cells made by bees

honeydew n
melon spadziowy
a melon with sweet green flesh
rosa miodowa spadź
a sweet sticky substance deposited on leaves by insects

honeymoon /ˈhʌn.iˌmun/ n
miesiąc miodowy
period of time immediately following a marriage

honeysuckle /ˈhʌniːsʌkəl/ /ˈhʌnɪsʌk(ə)l/ n
wiciokrzew
plant

hongweibing n
hunwejbin
Red Guards (China)

honk /hɑŋk/ /hɒŋk/ v
gęgać
to honk like a goose
trąbić
to use a car horn

honor /ˈɑn.ɚ/ /ˈɒn.ə/ n
honor
favourable reputation; dignity; sense of self-worth
zaszczyt
privilege
cześć honor
recognition of importance or spiritual value; respect
honor cześć
token of praise or respect

honorable /ˈɑnəɹəbl̩/ /ˈɒnəɹəbl̩/ adj
czcigodny dostojny szanowny
worthy of respect

honorarium /ˈɒ.nəˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/ /ˌɑ.nəˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/ n
honorarium opłata wynagrodzenie
compensation for services

honour killing n
zabójstwo honorowe
murder as a cultural practice

hood /hʊd/ [hʊ̈d] n
kapot
car engine cover
kaptur
headwear
maska
protective cover

hooded crow n
wrona siwa
Corvus cornix

hoodie /ˈhʊdi/ n
bluza z kapturem
sweatshirt, with an integral hood

hoodlum /ˈhuːdləm/ n
bandyta gangster
a gangster; a hired thug

hoof /hʊf/ n
kopyto
tip of a toe of ungulates

hoof pick n
kopystka
a hooked tool used to clean the hooves of a horse

hook /huːk/ /hʊk/ n
hak kotwiczka
rod bent into a curved shape
sierpowy hak
type of boxing punch

hook up v
puszczać się puścić się
to have a casual sexual experience with another person, usually without any future relationship intended

hookah /ˈhu.kə/ /ˈhʊ.kə/ n
szisza nargile fajka wodna
pipe

hooker /ˈhʊk.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈhʊk.ɚ/ n
młynarz
rugby player
kurwa dziwka
prostitute

hooligan /ˈhuː.lɪ.ɡən/ n
chuligan warchoł zabijaka zakapiór
person that causes trouble or violence

hoop /huːp/ n
obręcz
circular band of metal used to bind a barrel

hoopoe /ˈhupu/ /ˈhuːpuː/ n
dudek
bird Upupa epops

hooray /həˈɹeɪ/ interjection
hura
elated expression of approval

hoot /huːt/ n
pohukiwanie
cry of an owl

hoot /huːt/ v
hukać pohukiwać
To make the cry of an owl

hop /hɑp/ /hɒp/ n
chmiel
the plant whose flowers are used in brewing
(plural) flowers of the hop plant

hope /hoʊp/ /həʊp/ n
nadzieja
belief that something wished for can happen
person or thing that is a source of hope

hope /hoʊp/ /həʊp/ v
mieć nadzieję spodziewać się
to want something to happen, with expectation that it might

hope springs eternal proverb
jeszcze Polska nie zginęła
the feeling of hopefulness endlessly renews itself

hopelessness n
beznadzieja
the lack of hope; despair

hoplite /ˈhɒplaɪt/ n
hoplita
A heavily-armed infantry soldier of Ancient Greece

hopscotch /ˈhɑpˌskɑtʃ/ /ˈhɒpˌskɒtʃ/ n
klasy
child's game

hora n
hora
circle dance

horde /ho(ː)ɹd/ /hoəd/ /hɔɹd/ /hɔːd/ n
horda
wandering troop or gang
a large number of people

horehound n
szanta
Marrubium vulgare

horizon /həˈɹaɪzən/ n
horyzont widnokrąg nieboskłon
line that appears to separate the Earth from the sky

horizontal /ˌhɒɹɪˈzɒntəl/ /ˌhɔːɹəˈzɑːntəl/ adj
horyzontalny poziomy
parallel to the plane of the horizon

horizontally adv
poziomo
in a horizontal direction or position

hormone /ˈhɔːməʊn/ /ˈhɔːɹmoʊn/ n
hormon
substance produced by the body that effects physiological activity

horn /hɔɹn/ /hɔːn/ n
róg
growth on the heads of certain animals
any of several musical wind instruments
substance
instrument used to signal others
any similar real or imaginary projection
horn-shaped object
klakson
loud alarm, especially on a motor vehicle

hornbeam /ˈhɔɹnˌbim/ /ˈhɔːnˌbiːm/ n
grab
tree of Carpinus

hornbill /ˈhɔːn.bɪl/ /ˈhɔːɹn.bɪl/ n
dzioborożec
bird

horned /ˈhɔː(ɹ)nd/ adj
rogaty
having horns

horned lark n
górniczek zwyczajny
Eremophila alpestris

horned melon n
ogórek kiwano
plant

hornero n
garncarz
bird of the genus Furnarius

hornet /ˈhɔɹ.nɪt/ /ˈhɔː.nɪt/ n
szerszeń
a large wasp, of the genus Vespa, with a brown-and-yellow-striped body

hornless /hɔɹn.ləs/ /hɔɹn.lɪs/ /hɔːn.ləs/ /hɔːn.lɪs/ adj
bezrogi
without horns

horny /ˈhɔɹ.ni/ adj
rogowy zrogowaciały
hard or bony
rogaty
having horns
napalony
sexually aroused

horology n
horologia
art, science and technology of timekeeping

horoscope /ˈhɒ.ɹə.skəʊp/ /ˈhɔ.ɹəˌskoʊp/ n
horoskop
astrological forecast
position of the planets and stars; diagram of such positions

horrible /ˈhɑɹɪbəl/ /ˈhɒɹɪbəl/ /ˈhɔɹɪbəl/ adj
okropny straszny
causing horror, terrible

horror movie n
film grozy horror
motion picture which horrifies or frightens

hors d'oeuvre /ɔəˈdɜːv/ /ɔɹˈdɝv/ n
przystawka zakąska
appetizer

horse /hɔɹs/ /hɔːs/ n
koń klacz
members of the species Equus ferus

horse chestnut /ˌhɔɹs ˈtʃɛsnʌt/ /ˌhɔːs ˈtʃɛsnʌt/ n
kasztanowiec
tree

horse thief n
koniokrad
someson who steals horses

horse-leech n
pijawka końska
larger than the common leech

horsebreaker n
ujeżdżacz
one who breaks in horses

horsecollar n
chomąto
a bitless headpiece

horsefly n
bąk
fly of the family Tabanidae

horsehair n
końskie włosie
hair of a horse, from its mane or tail

horseling n
konik
a little horse

horseman /ˈhɔrsmən/ /ˈhɔːsmən/ n
jeździec
man who rides a horse

horsemeat n
konina
horse meat

horsepower /ˈhɔɹsˌpaʊɚ/ /ˈhɔːsˌpaʊə/ n
koń mechaniczny
metric
koń parowy koń mechaniczny
non-metric

horseradish /ˈhɔɹsɹædɪʃ/ /ˈhɔːsɹædɪʃ/ n
chrzan
condiment
plant

horseshoe /ˈhɔːs.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːɹs.ʃuː/ n
podkowa
metallic shoe of a horse
shape of a horseshoe
piece of metal used to play the game horseshoes

horseshoe /ˈhɔːs.ʃuː/ /ˈhɔːɹs.ʃuː/ v
kuć podkuwać podkuć
to apply horseshoes to a horse

horseshoe bat n
podkowiec
bat of the genus Rhinolophus

horsetail /ˈhɔː(ɹ)s.teɪl/ n
skrzyp
plant

horsewoman n
jeźdźczyni
a female equestrian

horsy /ˈhɔɹsi/ /ˈhɔːsi/ adj
koński
of or relating to horses

hosanna /hoʊˈzænə/ interjection
hosanna
liturgical word

hose /hoʊz/ /həʊz/ n
szlauch wąż
flexible tube

hospice /ˈhɑspɪs/ /ˈhɒspɪs/ n
hospicjum
provision of palliative care for the terminally ill

hospitable /hɒsˈpɪtəbəl/ adj
gościnny
cordial and generous towards guests

hospital /ˈhɑs.pɪ.tl̩/ /ˈhɒs.pɪ.tl̩/ /ˈɒs.pɪ.tl̩/ n
szpital
large medical facility

hospitality /hɑs.pɪˈtæl.ɪ.ti/ /hɒs.pɪˈtæl.ɪ.ti/ n
gościnność
act or service of welcoming, receiving, hosting, or entertaining guests

hospitalization n
hospitalizacja
hospitalizing of a patient

hospitalize v
hospitalizować umieścić w szpitalu
to send to a hospital

hospodar n
hospodar
title of the governors of Moldavia and Wallachia

host /hoʊst/ /həʊst/ n
gospodarz
person who receives or entertains a guest
person or organisation responsible for running an event
biology: cell or organism which harbors another organism
hostia
consecrated bread

host /hoʊst/ /həʊst/ v
hostować
computing: run software for a remote user or process
gościć ugościć
perform the role of a host

hostage /ˈhɒstɪdʒ/ n
zakładnik zakładniczka
person given as a pledge or security

hostel /ˈhɑstəl/ /ˈhɒstəl/ n
hostel
an affordable overnight lodging place

hostile /ˈhɑstəl/ /ˈhɒstaɪl/ adj
wrogi
belonging or appropriate to an enemy

hostilely adv
wrogo
in a hostile manner

hostler /ˈ(h)ɑːs.lɚ/ /ˈ(h)ɒs.lə/ n
stajenny
person at an inn who looks after horses
parowozowy
person employed to care for a locomotive

hot /hɑt/ /hɒt/ adj
gorący
having a high temperature
of the weather
slang: physically very attractive
ostry pikantny
spicy

hot air n
bicie piany
empty, confused or exaggerated talk

hot chocolate n
gorąca czekolada
beverage

hot dog /ˈhɑt.dɔɡ/ /ˈhɒt.dɒɡ/ /ˈhʌt.dɒɡ/ n
hotdog
frankfurter in a bun

hot spring n
gorące źródło
natural spring producing water whose temperature is greater than about 20°C (68° F)

hot water bottle n
termofor
a flexible bottle for heat therapy

hot water heater n
boiler piecyk elektryczny piecyk gazowy podgrzewacz wody terma
apparatus in which water is heated for domestic hot water

hotel /hoʊˈtɛl/ /həʊˈtɛl/ /əʊˈtɛl/ n
hotel
establishment providing accommodation

hothouse n
cieplarnia
heated greenhouse

hottie /ˈhä.ɾi/ /ˈhɒ.ti/ n
ciacho
slang: sexually attractive person

houbara bustard n
hubara
Chlamydotis undulata

hound /haʊnd/ n
gończy ogar
dog

hour /ˈaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈaʊɚ/ n
godzina
time period of sixty minutes
the time

hourglass /ˈaʊəɡlɑːs/ n
klepsydra zegar piaskowy
clock

houri /ˈhʊəɹi/ n
hurysa
(Islam) a nymph in the form of a beautiful virgin

hourly /ˈaʊ̯əli/ /ˈaʊ̯ɚli/ adj
cogodzinny
that occurs every hour

hourslong adj
kilkugodzinny
lasting several hours

house /haʊs/ /haʊz/ /hʌʊs/ n
izba dom
debating chamber for government politicians
dom ród
dynasty, familiar descendance
dom
human abode
archetypal structure of a human abode
an establishment, business

house arrest n
areszt domowy
confinement of a person, by authorities, to his or her residence

house mouse n
mysz domowa mysz
mouse of the species Mus musculus

house music /ˈhaʊs ˌmjuːzɪk/ n
house
type of electronic dance music with an uptempo beat and recurring kickdrum

house of cards /ˈhaʊs.ʌvˌkɑɹdz/ n
domek z kart
structure made by stacking playing cards
structure or argument built on a shaky foundation

house party n
domówka
social gathering

house sparrow n
wróbel wróbel domowy
Passer domesticus

housecat n
kot domowy
housecat

housefly n
mucha domowa
fly

househusband n
gospodarz gospodarz domu
husband who remains in the homestead

housewarming n
parapetówka
party

housewife /ˈhaʊs.waɪf/ /ˈhʌzɪf/ n
gospodyni domowa pani domu
female head of household

hovercraft /ˈhɒv.ə.kɹɑːft/ /ˈhʌvɚ.kɹæft/ n
poduszkowiec
vehicle supported on a cushion of air

hoverfly n
bzyg
fly in the family Syrphidae

how /haʊ/ /hæŏ/ adv
jak
in what manner
to what degree
in what state
used as a modifier to indicate surprise, delight, or other strong feelings

how /haʊ/ /hæŏ/ conjunction
jak w jaki sposób
in which way

how come /haʊ kʌm/ adv
dlaczego jakże
why

how do I get to phraseologicalUnit
jak mogę dostać się do
how do I get to...?

how do I get to the airport phraseologicalUnit
jak dostanę się na lotnisko?
how do I get to the airport?

how do I get to the bus station phraseologicalUnit
jak dostanę się na dworzec autobusowy?
how do I get to the bus station?

how do I get to the train station phraseologicalUnit
jak dostanę się na dworzec kolejowy?
how do I get to the train station?

how do you pronounce this word /ˈhaʊ duː ˈjuː pɹəˈnaʊns ðɪs ˈwɝd/ /ˈhaʊ də juː pɹəˈnaʊns ðɪs ˈwɜːd/ phraseologicalUnit
jak się wymawia to słowo? jak wymówić to słowo?
how do you pronounce this word?

how do you say …… in English phraseologicalUnit
jak się mówi …… po angielsku?
request for translation into English

how long adv
jak długo
how long (length of time)

how many determiner
ile
what number

how many languages do you speak phraseologicalUnit
ile znasz języki?
how many languages do you speak?

how much determiner
ile ile kosztuje
what is the cost/price?
ile
what quantity

how much does it cost phraseologicalUnit
ile to kosztuje?
how much is it?

how old are you /haʊ ˈoʊld ɑɹ ˌju/ /haʊ ˈəʊld ɑː(ɹ) ˌjuː/ phraseologicalUnit
ile ma Pan lat? ile ma Pani lat? ile masz lat?
what is your age in years

how's it going phraseologicalUnit
jak leci? jak się masz?
how's it going? - informal greetings

however /haʊˈɛvɚ/ /hɑwɛvə/ /hɑʊˈɛvə/ adv
jednak jednakże
nevertheless

howitzer /ˈhaʊ.ɪts.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈhaʊ.ɪts.əɹ/ n
haubica
a cannon
a slightly different cannon

howl /haʊl/ n
wycie
protracted, mournful cry of a dog or a wolf

howl /haʊl/ v
wyć
To utter a loud, protracted, mournful sound or cry, as dogs and wolves often do

howler monkey n
wyjec
loud Central American and South American monkey of the genus Alouatta

hp n
HP KM h.p. hp
horsepower

hryvnia /ˈhɹɪvnɪə/ n
hrywna
Ukrainian currency

hub /hʌb/ n
piasta
central part of a wheel
hub koncentrator
computer networking device
węzeł
point where many routes meet

hubbub /ˈhʌbʌb/ n
gwar harmider wrzawa zgiełk
A confused uproar, commotion, tumult or racket.

hubby /ˈhʌbi/ n
mężuś
husband

hubcap n
kołpak
decorative disk for wheels

hubris /ˈhjuːbɹɪs/ n
pycha
excessive pride or arrogance

huchen /ˈhuːkən/ n
głowacica hołowatycia rudopstrąg
Hucho hucho

hue /hju/ /hjuː/ /hjʉː/ n
odcień
color or shade of color; tint; dye

hug /hʌɡ/ n
objęcie obejmowanie przytulenie
affectionate embrace

hug /hʌɡ/ v
obejmować objąć przytulać tulić przytulić
embrace

huge /hjuːd͡ʒ/ /juːdʒ/ [hʊudʒ] adj
ogromny olbrzymi
very large

hugely adv
ogromnie
hugely

huh /hə/ /hʌ/ interjection
nie
tag question
co
to reinforce a question

hullabaloo /ˌhʌləbəˈlu/ /ˌhʌləbəˈluː/ n
poruszenie raban rwetes zamieszanie
clamour, commotion, fuss or uproar

hullabaloo /ˌhʌləbəˈlu/ /ˌhʌləbəˈluː/ v
wywoływać wielkie poruszenie
to make a commotion or uproar

hum /ˈhʌm/ v
nucić
to make sound with lips closed

human /ˈ(h)ju.mən/ /ˈ(h)juː.mən/ /ˈhjuː.mən/ /ˈju.mən/ adj
ludzki
having the nature or attributes of a human being
ludzki człowieczy
of or belonging to the species Homo sapiens

human being n
człowiek istota ludzka ludzie
person

human rights n
prawa człowieka
basic rights and freedoms that all humans should be guaranteed

human shield n
ludzka tarcza
civilians placed in or around targets

human trafficking n
handel ludźmi
criminal activity in which people are recruited, etc. to serve an exploitative purpose

humane /hjuːˈmeɪn/ adj
humanitarny ludzki
with regard for the health and well-being of another

humanely adv
humanitarnie po ludzku
In a humane way

humaniform adj
człekokształtny
like a human or that of a human in form or appearance

humanism /ˈhjumənɪz(ə)m/ /ˈhjuːmənɪz(ə)m/ n
humanizm
ethical system
historical revival of Classical culture
humanitarianism

humanist /ˈhjuːmənɪst/ [ˈhçuːmənɪst] n
humanista
proponent of the group of ethical stances

humanities /hjuˈmæn.ɪ.tiz/ n
nauki humanistyczne humanistyka
language, literature, etc.

humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/ n
człowieczeństwo ludzkość
human beings as a group
człowieczeństwo
human condition
człowieczeństwo humanitaryzm humanitarność
quality of being benevolent

humanness n
człowieczeństwo
quality of being human

humanoid /ˈhjuːmənɔɪd/ adj
humanoidalny
having the appearance or characteristics of a human

humanoid /ˈhjuːmənɔɪd/ n
humanoid
a being having the appearance or characteristics of a human

humble /ˈhʌmbəl/ /ˈʌmbəl/ adj
niski
near the ground
pokorny uniżony skromny
thinking lowly of oneself

humdrum adj
monotonny prozaiczny
lacking variety or excitement; dull; boring

humid /ˈhjuːmɪd/ adj
wilgotny
slightly wet

humidity /hjuːˈmɪdɪti/ n
wilgotność
dampness, especially that of the air
amount of water vapour in the air

humiliate /hjuːˈmɪliˌeɪt/ v
upokarzać poniżyć
to injure a person's dignity and self-respect

humiliating adj
upokarzający
liable to humiliate

humiliation /hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃən/ n
upokorzenie
the state of being humiliated, humbled or reduced to lowliness or submission
the act of humiliating or humbling someone; abasement of pride; mortification

humility /hjuːˈmɪlɪti/ n
pokora
characteristic of being humble

hummingbird /ˈhʌmɪnˌbɜːd/ /ˈhʌmɪŋˌbɜːd/ /ˈhʌmɪŋˌbɝd/ n
koliber
any of various small American birds in the family Trochilidae

hummus /ˈhuːməs/ /ˈhʊməs/ /ˈhʌməs/ n
hummus humus
dip made of chickpea paste

humoresque n
humoreska
playful composition

humour /ˈhjuː.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈhjuːmɚ/ n
humor nastrój
mood
humor
something funny

hump /hʌmp/ n
garb
rounded fleshy mass as in camel's back
deformity of the human back

humpback salmon n
gorbusza
a type of fish

humpback whale n
długopłetwiec humbak
Megaptera novaeangliae

humpbacked adj
garbaty
having a hump on the back

humus /ˈhjuːməs/ n
próchnica humus
group of compounds in soil

hundred /ˈhʌndɚd/ /ˈhʌndɹəd/ n
setka stówa stówka
hundred-dollar bill

hundred /ˈhʌndɚd/ /ˈhʌndɹəd/ numeral
sto
cardinal number 100

hundred-thousandth adj
stutysięczny
the ordinal form of the number one hundred thousand

hundredth /ˈhʌndɹɛdθ/ adj
setny
ordinal of 100

hunger /ˈhʌŋɡə/ /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/ n
głód
need for food

hunger strike n
głodówka
a fast undertaken as a means of protest

hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ adj
głodny
affected by hunger; desirous of food
spragniony głodny
eager, having a desire for something

hunker /ˈhʌŋkə/ /ˈhʌŋkɚ/ v
kucać
To crouch or squat close to the ground

hunt /hʌnt/ n
polowanie myślistwo łów
the act of hunting, shooting

hunt /hʌnt/ v
polować
to chase down prey

hunter /ˈhʌntɚ/ n
myśliwy łowca
person who hunts game

hunting /ˈhʌntɪŋ/ n
polowanie
chasing and killing animals for sport or to get food

hunting horn n
trąbka myśliwska
bugle used during a hunt

hurrah /həˈɹɑː/ interjection
hura
expressing approval, appreciation, or happiness

hurricane /ˈhʌɹɪkən/ /ˈhʌɹɪˌkeɪn/ n
huragan
weather phenomenon
meteorology: a wind scale for quite strong wind

hurry /ˈhʌ.ɹi/ [ˈhɝ.ɹi] n
pośpiech
rushed action

hurry /ˈhʌ.ɹi/ [ˈhɝ.ɹi] v
śpieszyć się
to do things quickly
przyśpieszać przyśpieszyć
to speed up the rate

hurt /hɜːt/ /hɝt/ v
boleć
to be painful
sprawiać ból
to cause physical pain and/or injury

husband /ˈhʌz.bənd/ n
mąż małżonek
male partner in marriage

hush /hʌʃ/ v
zamilknąć
to become quiet
uciszać uciszyć
to make quiet

hush up v
zamilknąć
to stop making sounds

hussar n
husarz
light cavalry of any of several European armies

hustler /ˈhʌsləɹ/ n
męska dziwka żigolo
a male prostitute who sells his services to men
alfons
a pimp
kanciarz
one who hustles

hut /hʌt/ n
chata szałas
primitive dwelling
chata
small wooden shed

hyacinth /ˈhaɪəsɪnθ/ n
hiacynt
plant of the genus Hyacinthus

hybrid /ˈhaɪ.bɹɪd/ n
mieszaniec hybryda krzyżówka
biology: offspring resulting from crossbreeding

hydra /ˈhaɪdɹə/ n
stułbia
any of several small freshwater polyps of the genus Hydra and related genera

hydrangea /haɪˈdɹeɪnd͡ʒ(i)ə/ n
hortensja
shrub

hydrate /ˈhaɪdɹeɪt/ n
hydrat wodzian
solid compound containing or linked to water molecules

hydraulic /haɪˈdɹɒlɪk/ /haɪˈdɹɔːlɪk/ adj
hydrauliczny
Related to hydraulics
Having to do with water

hydraulic engineering n
budownictwo wodne
sub-discipline of civil engineering concerned with water and sewage

hydrobiology n
hydrobiologia
study of the biology of the organisms that inhabit bodies of water

hydrocarbon n
węglowodór
compound of carbon and hydrogen

hydrocephalus n
wodogłowie hydrocefalia wodomózgowie
skull enlargement due to fluid

hydrochloric adj
chlorowodorowy
relating to hydrochloric acid

hydrochloric acid n
kwas solny kwas chlorowodorowy
strong acid made by dissolving the gas, hydrogen chloride

hydrocyanic acid n
kwas pruski
prussic acid

hydrodynamic adj
hydrodynamiczny
of or relating to the science of hydrodynamics

hydrodynamics n
hydrodynamika
study of fluids in motion

hydrofoil /ˈhaɪ.dɹoʊˌfɔɪl/ /ˈhɑe.dɹəˌfoɪl/ n
wodolot
vessel

hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹədʒ(ə)n/ /ˈhaɪdɹədʒən/ n
wodór
chemical element
molecular hydrogen

hydrogen cyanide n
cyjanowodór
the compound HCN

hydrogen fluoride n
fluorowodór
HF

hydrogen peroxide n
woda utleniona
H₂O₂

hydrogen sulfide /ˈhaɪdɹədʒ(ə)n ˈsʌlfaɪd/ /ˈhaɪdɹədʒən ˈsʌlfaɪd/ n
siarkowodór
H₂S

hydrogen vehicle n
samochód na wodór
any vehicle that uses hydrogen as its principal fuel

hydrogeology n
hydrogeologia
the geology of groundwater

hydrology n
hydrologia
science related to water

hydrolysis n
hydroliza
a chemical process of decomposition

hydrometeorology n
hydrometeorologia
the branch of meteorology

hydronym /ˈhaɪdɹənɪm/ /ˈhʌɪdɹənɪm/ n
hydronim
name of a body of water

hydrophilic adj
hydrofilowy
having an affinity for water

hydrophobic adj
hydrofobowy
lacking an affinity for water

hydrophyte /ˈhaɪdɹəfaɪt/ n
hydrofit
plant that lives in or requires an abundance of water

hydropower n
energia wodna
hydroelectric power

hydrosphere n
hydrosfera
waters of the Earth

hydrous /ˈhaɪdɹəs/ adj
wodny
containing combined water

hydroxide /haɪ.ˈdɹɒks.aɪd/ n
wodorotlenek
univalent anion

hyena /haɪˈiːnə/ n
hiena
mammal

hygiene /ˈhaɪˌdʒiːn/ n
higiena
conditions and practices that promote and preserve health

hygienic /haɪˈdʒiːnɪk/ adj
higieniczny
pertaining to hygiene

hygienically adv
higienicznie
in a hygienic manner

hygrometer n
wilgotnościomierz
instrument that measures humidity

hygroscopic adj
higroskopijny
readily taking up and retaining water

hygroscopy n
higroskopijność
ability of a substance to attract and hold water

hymen /ˈhaɪmən/ n
błona dziewicza
membrane which occludes the vagina

hymn /hɪm/ n
hymn
a song of praise or worship

hyper- /ˈhaɪpə(ɹ)/ /ˈhaɪpɚ/ prefix
hiper- nad-
excessive
existing in more than three spatial dimensions
hiper-
linked non-sequentially
hiper- nad- ponad-
over, above, beyond

hyperbaton /haɪˈpɜːbətɒn/ n
hyperbaton
grammar

hyperbola n
hiperbola
geometric curve

hyperbole /haɪˈpɝːbəli/ n
hiperbola
rhetorical device

hyperbolic /ˌhaɪpɚˈbɑlɪk/ adj
hiperboliczny
pertaining to a mathematical hyperbola

hyperbolic cosine n
cosinus hiperboliczny
hyperbolic function

hyperbolic sine n
sinus hiperboliczny
hyperbolic function

hypercorrect adj
hiperpoprawny
nonstandard because of a mistaken idea of standard usage

hypercorrection /ˌhaɪ.pə.kəˈɹɛk.ʃən/ /ˌhaɪ.pɚ.kəˈɹɛk.ʃən/ n
hiperpoprawność hiperkorekcja hiperkorektyzm hiperyzacja przesada poprawnościowa
nonstandard language use that results from the over-application of a perceived prescriptive rule

hypercorrectness n
hiperpoprawność
state or condition of being hypercorrect

hypercube /ˈhaɪ.pə.kjuːb/ /ˈhaɪ.pɚ.kjuːb/ n
hipersześcian
a geometric figure

hypergamy n
hipergamia
hypergamy

hypergeometric distribution n
rozkład hipergeometryczny
probability distribution

hyperglycemia n
hiperglikemia
unusually high concentration of sugar in the blood

hyperlink n
odnośnik hiperłącze link łącze
link from one electronic document to another

hyperlink v
linkować
to point to another document by a hyperlink

hypernova n
hipernowa
the gravitational collapse of a massive star to form a black hole

hypernym /ˈhaɪpənɪm/ /ˈhaɪpɚnɪm/ n
hiperonim
superordinate grouping word

hypernymic adj
hiperonimiczny

hypernymy n
hiperonimia

hyperon n
hiperon
baryon with nonzero strangeness

hyperparasite /ˌhaɪpəˈpæɹəsaɪt/ /ˌhaɪpɚˈpæɹəsaɪt/ n
hiperparazyt hiperpasożyt
parasite whose host is a parasite

hyperplasia /ˌhaɪ.pɚ.ˈpleɪ.ʒə/ n
rozrost
increase in the size of a tissue or organ

hypersonic adj
hiperdźwiękowa
five times the speed of sound

hypertension n
nadciśnienie
abnormally high blood pressure

hyperthermophile n
hipertermofil

hypertrophy /haɪˈpɜːtɹəfi/ /haɪˈpɝːtɹəfi/ n
przerost hipertrofia
an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells

hypha n
strzępka
filament that forms the mycelium of a fungus

hyphen /ˈhaɪ.fən/ n
dywiz łącznik
symbol used to join words or to indicate a word has been split

hyphenation /ˌhaɪfəˈneɪʃən/ n
dzielenia wyrazów
inclusion and location of hyphens

hypnagogic /hɪpnəˈɡɒdʒɪk/ adj
hipnagogiczny
that accompanies falling asleep

hypnosis /hɪpˈnoʊsɪs/ n
hipnoza
a trancelike state

hypnotherapy n
hipnoterapia
treatment of disease through hypnotism

hypnotic /hɪpˈnɒtɪk/ adj
nasenny
inducing sleep; soporific
hipnotyczny
of or relating to hypnosis or hypnotism

hypnotic /hɪpˈnɒtɪk/ n
lek nasenny środek nasenny
a soporific substance

hypnotism n
hipnoza
hypnotism

hypnotist /ˈhɪpnətɪst/ n
hipnotyzer
person who uses hypnotism

hypnotize /ˈhɪpnətaɪ̯z/ v
hipnotyzować
To induce somebody into a state of hypnosis

hypochondria n
hipochondria
psychological disorder

hypochondriac /ˌhaɪpoʊˈkɑːndɹiæk/ /ˌhaɪpəʊˈkɒndɹiæk/ adj
hipochondryczny
affected by hypochondria

hypochondriac /ˌhaɪpoʊˈkɑːndɹiæk/ /ˌhaɪpəʊˈkɒndɹiæk/ n
hipochondryk hipochondryczka
person affected with hypochondria

hypocorism /haɪˈpɑkəˌɹɪzəm/ /haɪˈpɒkəˌɹɪz(ə)m/ n
hipokorystyk
term of endearment

hypocrisy /hɪˈpɑkɹəsi/ /hɪˈpɒkɹəsi/ n
hipokryzja
claim, pretense, or false representation of holding beliefs, feelings, or virtues that one does not actually possess

hypocrite /ˈhɪ.pə.kɹɪt/ n
hipokryta hipokrytka
person practising hypocrisy

hypogamy n
hipogamia
hypogamy

hypogastrium n
podbrzusze
area of the human abdomen residing below the umbilicus

hyponym /ˈhaɪ.poʊ.nɪm/ /ˈhaɪpəʊ.nɪm/ n
hiponim
more specific word

hyponymous adj
hiponimiczny

hyponymy n
hiponimia

hypospadias /hʌɪpəˈspeɪdɪəs/ n
spodziectwo
medicine: a birth defect of the male urethra

hypostasis /ha͡ɪ.ˈpɑ.stəˌsɪs/ /hʌɪ.ˈpɒstəsɪs/ n
hipostaza
essential person, the single person of Christ
inherent reality or substance

hypostyle adj
hypostyl
architecture: having a roof supported on a row of columns

hypotension n
hipotonia
disease of abnormally low blood pressure

hypotenuse /haɪˈpɑt̬ənus/ /haɪˈpɒtənjuːz/ n
przeciwprostokątna
The side of a right triangle opposite the right angle

hypothalamus n
podwzgórze
a region of the brain, below the thalamus

hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/ n
przypuszczenie hipoteza
assumption taken to be true
hipoteza przypuszczenie
tentative conjecture in science

hypothetic adj
hipotetyczny
based on hypothesis or theory

hypothetical /ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkl/ adj
hipotetyczny
based upon a hypothesis

hypothyroidism /ˌhaɪpəˈθaɪɹɔɪˌdɪzəm/ n
niedoczynność tarczycy
disease state

hypotrochoid /ˌhaɪ.poʊˈtɹoʊ.kɔɪd/ /ˌhaɪ.pə(ʊ)ˈtɹəʊ.kɔɪd/ n
hipotrochoida
geometric curve

hyrax /ˈhaɪ.ɹæks/ n
góralek
mammal of the order Hyracoidea

hysteresis n
histereza
a property of a system

hysteria /hɨˈstɛɹijə/ n
histeria
behavior exhibiting excessive or uncontrollable emotion

i.e. /ˌaɪˈiː/ adv
tj. czyli tzn.
that is

iBook n
iBook
device

iPhone n
iPhone
device

iPod n
iPod
device

iamb /ˈaɪəm/ n
jamb
a metrical foot

iambic pentameter n
pentametr jambiczny
a poetic meter

iatrogenesis /aɪˌætɹoʊˈdʒɛnɪsɪs/ n
jatrogenia
any adverse effect resulting from medical treatment

ibex /ˈaɪbɛks/ n
koziorożec
type of wild mountain goat

ibid. /ˈɪbɪd/ adv
jw.
abbreviation of ibidem

ibis /ˈaɪ.bɪs/ n
ibis
Threskiornithid

ibuprofen /ˈaɪ.bɹʊˌfən/ /ˌaɪ.bjuːˈpɹoʊ.fən/ /ˌaɪ.bjuːˈpɹəʊ.fən/ n
ibuprofen
pharmaceutical drug

ice /aɪs/ /ʌɪs/ n
lody lód
frozen dessert
lód
water in frozen form
frozen volatile chemical
ice hockey: area where game is played

ice age n
epoka lodowcowa
period of extensive glaciation (glacial period)

ice cream /aɪsˈkɹiːm/ /ˈaɪs.kɹiːm/ /ˌaɪsˈkɹiːm/ n
lody
dessert
lód lód na patyku lód w rożku
in a cone

ice cream maker n
maszynka do lodów
machine used to make homemade ice cream

ice cream parlor n
lodziarnia
business

ice cube n
kostka lodu
small piece of ice used for cooling drinks

ice dancing n
pary taneczne
figure skating

ice hockey n
hokej na lodzie
hockey

ice resurfacer n
maszyna do odświeżania lodu
implement used to renew ice surface

ice sheet n
lądolód
broad glacial mass

ice skate n
łyżwa
a light boot, fitted with a blade, used for skating on ice

ice skating n
łyżwiarstwo
the act, or the sport, of skating on ice

iceberg /ˈaɪsbɜːɡ/ /ˈaɪsbɝɡ/ n
góra lodowa
huge mass of floating ice

iceberg lettuce n
sałata lodowa
vegetable

icebox /ˈʌɪsbɒks/ n
lodówka
box or compartment containing ice

icebreaker /ˈaɪsˌbɹeɪkəɹ/ n
lodołamacz
ship designed to break through ice

ichor /ˈaɪkɔɹ/ n
posoka
a watery, fetid discharge from a sore

ichthyic /ˈɪkθiːɨk/ adj
rybi
of, pertaining to, or like fish

ichthyol n
ichtiol
ammonium salt of bitumen sulfonate

ichthyology /ˌɪkθiˈɒlədʒi/ n
ichtiologia
branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish

ichthyosaur n
ichtiozaur
extinct reptile

icicle /ˈaɪs.ɪkl̩/ /ˈʌɪsəkəl/ n
sopel
a spear-shape of ice

icing /ˈaɪsɪŋ/ n
obladzanie
process of forming a layer of ice
lukier
sweet glaze used for baked goods

icon /ˈaɪ.kɑːn/ /ˈaɪ.kən/ n
ikona symbol
ikona
religious painting
image
ikona ikonka
small picture, computer icon

iconoclasm n
ikonoklazm obrazoburstwo
belief in, participation in, or sanction of destroying religious icons

iconoclast /aɪˈkɒnəklæst/ n
ikonoklasta obrazoburca
one who destroys religious images or icons

iconostasis n
ikonostas
a wall of icons

icosahedron /ˌaɪkoʊsəˈhiːdɹən/ n
dwudziestościan foremny
a polyhedron

id /ɪd/ n
id
id

ide /ʌɪd/ n
jaź
fish

idea /aɪˈdi.ə/ /aɪˈdɪə/ /aɪˈdɪɹ/ /ɑeˈdiə̯/ n
idea pomysł
an image of an object that is formed in the mind or recalled by the memory

ideal /aɪˈdɪəl/ adj
idealny ideał
being optimal
idealny
being perfect
konceptualny pojęciowy
conceptual

ideal /aɪˈdɪəl/ n
ideał idealny
perfect standard of beauty, intellect etc.
ideał
subring closed under multiplication by containing ring
unattainable state

ideal gas n
gaz doskonały
hypothetical gas

ideally /ʌɪˈdɪəli/ adv
doskonale idealnie
preferably

idempotent /aɪ.dəmˈpoʊ.tənt/ adj
idempotentny
mathematics: an action which, when performed multiple time, has no further effect on its subject after the first time it is performed

identical /ɪˈdɛntɪkl̩/ adj
przystający
mathematics: exactly equivalent

identifier n
identyfikator
formal name used in source code to refer to a variable, function, procedure, package, etc.

identify /aɪˈdɛn.tɪ.faɪ/ v
identyfikować
to establish the identity of someone or something

identity /aɪˈdɛntəti/ n
tożsamość
name or persona
the difference or character that marks off an individual from the rest
the sameness some individuals share to make up the same kind or universal
knowledge of who one is

identity matrix n
macierz jednostkowa
diagonal matrix with all diagonal elements equal to 1

ideogram /ˈɪd.i.oʊ.ɡɹæm/ /ˈɪd.i.ə.ɡɹæm/ n
ideogram
symbol

ideological adj
ideologiczny
of or pertaining to an ideology

ideologically adv
ideologicznie
in an ideological manner; with respect to ideology

ideologue /ˈaɪ.di.ə.lɑɡ/ n
ideolog
advocate of a particular ideology

ideology /aɪ.di.ˈɑl.ə.dʒi/ n
ideologia
doctrine, body of ideas

ides /aɪdz/ n
idy
day in the Roman calendar

idiolect /ˈɘdiɐʉlekt/ /ˈɪd.ɪ.əʊ̆.lɛkt/ n
idiolekt język osobniczy mowa osobnicza
variant of a language used by a particular individual

idiom /ˈɪdɪəm/ n
idiom idiomat
idiomatic expression
mowa narzecze
language variety

idiomatic /ˌɪdi.əˈmætɪk/ adj
idiomatyczny
pertaining or conforming to the mode of expression characteristic of a language
resembling or characteristic of an idiom

idiopathic /ˌɪdioʊˈpæθɪk/ adj
idiopatyczny idiopatyczna idiopatyczne
disease or condition having no known cause

idiosyncrasy /ˌɪd.i.əʊˈsɪŋ.kɹə.si/ /ˌɪdi.əˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ /ˌɪdioʊˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ /ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)ˈsɪŋkɹəsi/ n
idiosynkrazja
(medicine) individual reaction to a generally innocuous substance
language or behaviour particular to an individual or a group
peculiarity that serves to distinguish or identify
idiosynkrazja dziwactwo
way of behaving or thinking

idiosyncratic adj
specyficzny
peculiar to a specific individual

idiot /ˈɪd.i.(j)ɪt/ n
idiota idiotka
person of low general intelligence

idle /ˈaɪd(ə)l/ adj
leniwy
averse to work or labor

idol /ˈaɪd(ə)l/ n
idol
cultural icon, especially popular person
bałwan bożek
representation of anything revered

idolater /ˌaɪˈdɑlətəɹ/ n
bałwochwalca bałwochwalczyni
one who worships idols

idolatry /aɪˈdɑ.lə.tɹi/ /aɪˈdɒl.ə.tɹiː/ n
ubóstwianie
excessive admiration
bałwochwalstwo
worship of idols

idyll /ˈaɪdɪl/ /ˈɪdɪl/ n
idylla sielanka
carefree or lighthearted experience
idylla
poem or short written piece

if /ɪf/ conjunction
jeśli jeżeli
(computing)
jeśli jeżeli gdyby jak
supposing that
czy
whether

if I were you phraseologicalUnit
na twoim miejscu
advice introduction

if and only if conjunction
wtedy i tylko wtedy
implies and is implied by

if my aunt had balls, she'd be my uncle proverb
gdyby babcia miała wąsy, to by była dziadkiem gdyby ciocia miała wąsy, toby była wujkiem
proverb

if need be adv
w razie konieczności w razie potrzeby jeżeli to konieczne
if necessary

if only phraseologicalUnit
jeśli by jeśliby o ile
signifies a wish

if the mountain won't come to Muhammad proverb
nie chce góra przyjść do Mahometa, musi Mahomet przyjść do góry
if one cannot get one's own way

iff conjunction
wtw
abbreviation of if and only if

igloo /ˈɪɡluː/ n
igloo iglu
Inuit snow house

igneous rock n
skały magmowe
one of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth

ignite /ɪɡˈnaɪt/ v
zapalić zapalać
to set fire to, to light

ignition /ɪɡˈnɪʃən/ n
zapłon
initiation of combustion
system for activating combustion in an engine
the act of igniting
stacyjka
key receptacle for starting a vehicle

ignoble /ɪɡˈnəʊbəl/ adj
niecny
not honorable

ignorance /ˈɪɡnəɹəns/ n
ignorancja nieuctwo niewiedza nieznajomość nieświadomość
condition of being uninformed or uneducated

ignorance is bliss proverb
niewiedza to błogosławieństwo
Ignorance is bliss

ignorant /ˈɪɡnəɹənt/ adj
ignorancki
characterized by ignorance

ignore /ɪɡˈno(ː)ɹ/ /ɪɡˈnoə/ /ɪɡˈnɔɹ/ /ɪɡˈnɔː/ v
ignorować
to deliberately pay no attention to

iguana /ɪɡjuˈɑːnə/ /ɪˈɡwɑnə/ n
legwan zielony legwan
a green iguana (Iguana iguana)
legwan iguana
any member of the genus Iguana
any of several members of the lizard family Iguanidae

ikebana n
ikebana
Japanese art of flower arrangement

ikra /iˈkɹɑː/ n
ikra
red caviar

ileum n
jelito kręte
last division of small intestine

ill /ɪl/ adj
chory
in poor health, suffering from a disease

ill /ɪl/ adv
źle
not well

ill /ɪl/ n
problem
a problem
krzywda
something damaging

illative case n
illativus
case used to indicate movement into something

illegal /ɪˈli.ɡəl/ /ɪˈliːɡəl/ adj
nielegalny
contrary to or forbidden by law

illegality n
bezprawność nielegalność
(law) the state of being illegal

illegally /ɪˈliːɡəli/ adv
nielegalnie
in a manner contrary to the law

illegible /ɪˈlɛd͡ʒəbəl/ adj
nieczytelny
not clear enough to be read

illegitimate /ɘlɘˈdʒɘtɘmɘt/ /ɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/ [ɪlɨˈd͡ʒɪɾəmɨt] adj
nielegalny
against the law

illicit /ɪˈlɪsɪt/ adj
niedozwolony
lacking licitness

illiteracy /ɪˈlɪtəɹəsi/ n
analfabetyzm
inability to read and write

illiterate /ɪˈlɪtəɹət/ adj
analfabeta analfabetka
having less than an expected standard of familiarity with language and literature
niepiśmienny analfabeta
unable to read and write

illiterate /ɪˈlɪtəɹət/ n
analfabeta analfabetka
an illiterate person

illness /ˈɪl.nəs/ n
choroba
an instance of a disease or poor health

illogical adj
nielogiczny
contrary to logic; lacking sense or sound reasoning

illogically adv
nielogicznie
in an illogical manner

illuminate /ɪlˈl(j)umɪneɪt/ /ɪlˈl(j)umɪnət/ v
iluminować oświetlać
to shine light on something

illusion /ɪˈl(j)uːzj(ə)n/ /ɪˈl(j)uːʒ(ə)n/ [ɪˈluː.ʒən] n
złudzenie iluzja
anything that seems to be something that it is not
iluzja
belief in something that is in fact not true
iluzja złudzenie
magician's trick

illusionist n
iluzjonista iluzjonistka
one who works with illusion

illusorily adv
iluzorycznie
nn an illusory fashion

illusory /ɪˈluːs(ə)ɹi/ adj
iluzoryczny
illusory

illustration /ˌɪləˈstɹeɪʃən/ n
ilustracja rycina
picture designed to decorate

illustrious /ɪˈlʌs.tɹi.əs/ /ɪˈlʌs.tɹɪ.əs/ adj
wspaniały znamienity
admired, respected, or well-known

ilmenite n
ilmenit
a weakly magnetic dark gray mineral

image /ˈɪmɪd͡ʒ/ n
obraz
graphical representation

imaginary /ɪˈmædʒɪn(ə)ɹi/ /ɪˈmædʒɪˌnɛɹi/ adj
zmyślony
existing in the imagination
urojona
non-real part of a complex number

imaginary number n
liczba urojona
number of the form bi

imagination /ɪˌmædʒəˈneɪʃən/ n
wyobrażenie
a mental image
urojenie
construction of false images
wyobraźnia
image-making power of the mind

imaginative adj
pomysłowy
having a lively imagination

imago /ɪˈmeɪɡoʊ/ /ɪˈmeɪɡəʊ/ n
imago
development stage of an insect

imam /ˈiːmɑːm/ n
imam
Muslim leader

imbalance n
brak równowagi
property of not being in balance

imbecile /ˈɪmbəsɪl/ n
imbecyl
fool
person with limited mental capacity

imbibe /ɪmˈbaɪb/ v
pić
drink

imitate /ˈɪmɪteɪt/ v
imitować naśladować udawać
to follow as a model

imitation /ɪmɪˈteɪʃən/ n
imitacja naśladowanie
act of imitating
imitacja kopia
copy

immaculate /ɪˈmækjəlɪt/ adj
niepokalany
having no stain or blemish, spotless, undefiled, clear, pure

immaculateness n
niepokalaność
characteristic of being immaculate

immature adj
niedojrzały
not fully formed

immaturity /ɪməˈtʃʊɹɪti/ n
niedojrzałość
the state of being immature

immeasurable /ɪˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/ adj
niemierzalny
impossible to measure
niezmierzony
vast

immediate /ɪˈmi.di.ɪt/ /ɪˈmiːdɪət/ adj
natychmiastowy bezzwłoczny niezwłoczny bezpośredni doraźny
without delay

immediately /ɪˈmiːdi.ətli/ /ɪˈmiːdʒətli/ adv
natychmiast zaraz bezzwłocznie niezwłocznie bezpośrednio doraźnie
in an immediate manner

immense /ɪˈmɛns/ adj
ogromny niezmierny przeogromny
huge, gigantic, very large

immensely /ɪˈmɛnsli/ adv
niezmiernie
hugely; extremely; vastly

immerse v
zanurzać zanurzyć
to put under the surface of a liquid

immigrant /ˈɪmɪɡɹənt/ n
imigrant imigrantka
person who comes to a country to settle

immigrate v
imigrować
to move into a foreign country or area

immigration /ɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃn/ /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/ n
imigracja
the act of immigrating

imminent /ˈɪmɪnənt/ adj
bliski nadciągający
about to happen, occur, or take place very soon

immobile adj
nieruchomy
not mobile

immoral adj
niemoralny
not moral

immortal /ɪˈmɔɹtəl/ /ɪˈmɔːtəl/ adj
nieśmiertelny
not susceptible to death

immortalise /ɪ.ˈmɔː(ɹ).tə.ˌlaɪz/ v
unieśmiertelniać unieśmiertelnić upamiętniać upamiętnić utrwalać utrwalić
to make eternally famous

immortality /ˌɪmɔːɹˈtæləti/ /ˌɪmɔːˈtæləti/ n
nieśmiertelność
condition of not being susceptible to death

immunity /ɪˈmjuːnəti/ n
immunitet
exemption from legal prosecution
odporność
resistance to a specific thing
the quality of being resistant to infection

immunology n
immunologia
branch of medicine

immunopathology n
immunopatologia
the branch of immunology that studies the relation of the immune system to disease

imp /ɪmp/ n
chochlik diabełek
demonic creature
ananas ancymon diablica filut gagatek gałgan
mischievous child

impact /ɪmˈpækt/ /ˈɪmpækt/ n
wpływ
a significant or strong influence
uderzenie
the force or energy of a collision of two objects

impact /ɪmˈpækt/ /ˈɪmpækt/ v
uderzać zderzać
to collide or strike
ściskać
to compress
wpływać
to influence

impala /ɪmˈpɑːlə/ n
impala
African antelope

impart /ɪmˈpɑːt/ /ɪmˈpɑːɹt/ v
dzielić się
communicate the knowledge of

impartial /ɪmˈpɑɹ.ʃəl/ adj
bezstronny
treating all parties, rivals or disputants equally

impassable adj
nieprzejezdny
incapable of being passed over, crossed, or negotiated

impasse /ˈæmpɑːs/ /ˈɪmpæs/ n
impas matnia zastój ślepa uliczka
deadlock or stalemate situation

impatient /ɪmˈpeɪʃənt/ adj
niecierpliwy
restless and intolerant of delays
anxious and eager

impeachment /imˈpitʃmənt/ /ɪmˈpiːtʃmənt/ n
impeachment
act of impeaching or charging a public official with misconduct

impeccably /ɪmˈpɛk.ə.bli/ adv
nieskazitelnie
in a perfect or flawless manner

impecunious /ˌɪm.pəˈkjuː.ni.əs/ adj
ubogi
lacking money

impedance /ɪmˈpiːdn̩s/ n
impedancja
physics, measure of opposition to flow of current

impedance coil n
cewka cewka indukcyjna zwojnica
a coil of wire designed to provide impedance in an electric circuit

imperative /ɪmˈpɛɹ.ə.tɪv/ n
imperativus imperatiwus rozkaźnik
verb in imperative

imperative mood n
tryb rozkazujący imperativus imperatiwus rozkaźnik
imperative mood

imperfective adj
niedokonany
related to the imperfective aspect

imperfective aspect n
aspekt niedokonany
feature of a verb

imperial /ɪmˈpɪ.ɹi.əl/ adj
cesarski imperialny
related to an empire
imperialny
related to the British measurement system

impersonal /ɪmˈpɝsənəl/ adj
bezosobowy
grammar

impertinent /ɪm.ˈpɜː.tɪ.nənt/ /ɪm.ˈpɝ.tɨ.nənt/ adj
impertynencki
insolent, ill-mannered
niemający związku niestosowny
irrelevant

impertinently adv
impertynencko
in an impertinent manner

impetuous /imˈpɛtʃuəs/ adj
impulsywny porywczy zapalczywy
describing one who makes arbitrary decisions

implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/ /ˈɪmpləmɛnt/ n
narzędzie
a tool

implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/ v
wprowadzić w życie zrealizować
bring about

implementation n
implementacja
process of moving an idea from concept to reality
result of implementing something

implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ adj
domniemany domyślny niejawny
implied indirectly
absolutny bezwarunkowy
unquestioning or unconditional

implied /ɪmˈplaɪd/ adj
dorozumiany nie wprost
suggested without being stated directly

implosion n
implozja
action of imploding

imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/ v
sugerować
to express suggestively rather than as a direct statement
pociągać (za sobą)
to have as a consequence

impolite /ɪmpəˈlaɪt/ adj
nieuprzejmy chamski grubiański
not polite

importance /ɪmˈpɔɹtəns/ /ɪmˈpɔːtəns/ n
doniosłość ważność
quality or condition of being important or worthy of note

important /ɪmˈpo(ː)ɹtənt/ /ɪmˈpo.tənt/ /ɪmˈpɔɹtənt/ /ɪmˈpɔːtənt/ adj
ważny
having relevant and crucial value

impossible /ɪmˈpɒsɪbəl/ adj
niemożliwy
not able to be done
never happening
very difficult to deal with

impostor syndrome /ɪmˈpɑstɚ ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ /ɪmˈpɒstə ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ n
syndrom oszusta
psychological phenomenon in which a person is unable to internalize accomplishments

impotence n
impotencja niemoc płciowa
erectile dysfunction
impotencja
powerlessness

impoverish v
zubożyć
to make poor

imprecise /ɪmpɹəˈsaɪs/ adj
niedokładny
not precise or exact

impregnation /ɪmpɹɛɡˈneɪʃən/ n
zapłodnienie
act of making pregnant
impregnacja
fact or process of saturating with something

impressed /ɪmˈpɹɛst/ adj
pod wrażeniem
strongly affected, especially favourably

impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃən/ n
odcisk
indentation or depression made by pressure
wrażenie
overall effect of something

impressionism n
impresjonizm
movement in art
music: style
poetry: style

impressionist n
impresjonista impresjonistka
One who adheres to impressionism

impressive /ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/ adj
imponujący
making, or tending to make, an impression; having power to impress

imprint /ɪmˈpɹɪnt/ /ˈɪm.pɹɪnt/ n
impressum
the name and details of a publisher or printer, as printed in a book etc

imprison /ɪmˈpɹɪzən/ v
uwięzić
put in prison

imprisonment /ɪmˈpɹɪzn̩.mənt/ n
osadzenie pozbawienie wolności uwięzienie
confinement

improbable adj
nieprawdopododny
not likely to be true

impromptu /ɪmˈpɹɑmpt(j)u/ /ɪmˈpɹɒmptju/ adj
improwizowany spontaniczny
improvised

improper fraction n
ułamek niewłaściwy
arithmetic: a vulgar fraction

improve /ɪmˈpɹuːv/ v
poprawiać się poprawić się
to become better
polepszyć polepszać poprawiać ulepszać poprawić ulepszyć
to make something better

improvise /ˈɪmpɹəvaɪz/ v
improwizować zaimprowizować
to make something up as one goes on

impudence /ˈɪmpjədəns/ n
bezczelność zuchwalstwo
impudent language, conduct or behavior
quality of being impudent

impudent /ˈɪmpjədənt/ adj
bezczelny zuchwały
Not showing due respect; impertinent; bold-faced

impulse /ˈɪmpʌls/ n
impuls
sudden force that impels

impunity /ɪmˈpjuːnɪti/ n
bezkarność
freedom from punishment or retribution; security from any reprisal or injurious consequences of an action, behaviour etc.

impure adj
nieczysty
impure

impurity /ɪmˈpjɝɪti/ n
nieczystość
the condition of being impure

impute /ɪmˈpjuːt/ v
przypisać imputować
to ascribe sin or righteousness
przypisać
to attribute or credit to
imputować przypisać
to attribute to a cause or source

in /ɘn/ /ən/ /ɪn/ preposition
w we
contained by
do
into
po w
language, script, or tone
w
part, member of

in a nutshell adv
w pigułce
in summary

in a pinch
w opałach
in a difficult situation

in a row
z rzędu
successively

in a way
w pewnym sensie
to a certain degree, or in a certain sense

in any case adv
w każdym razie bądź co bądź tak czy inaczej tak czy siak
at any rate

in any event
tak czy owak
at any rate

in articulo mortis /ˌɪnɑːˌtɪkjʊləʊˈmɔːtɪs/ adv
w obliczu śmierci
at the moment of death

in between preposition
pomiędzy
between
in the space between

in case /ɪn ˈkeɪs/ conjunction
na wypadek gdyby w razie gdyby
Because event X might occur

in case of preposition
w razie
in the event of

in cold blood
z zimną krwią
in a ruthless and unfeeling manner

in detail adv
szczegółowo
with all particulars

in due course
we właściwym czasie
when the time is right

in exchange
w zamian
as an exchange

in fact
w istocie
actually, in truth

in front of preposition
przed
at or near the front part of
located before (something else)
przy w obecności w obliczu
in the presence of someone

in heaven's name
na miłość boską
intensifier

in kind adv
w naturze
with goods or services

in layman's terms
na chłopski rozum po ludzku z polskiego na nasze
phrased simply

in lieu of preposition
w miejsce zamiast
instead; in place of; as a substitute for

in light of preposition
w świetle
given, considering

in love
zakochany
of a person or persons: enamored

in memoriam /ɪn məˈmɔɹi.əm/ /ɪn məˈmɔːɹi.əm/ adv
ku pamięci
in memory of

in my opinion
moim zdaniem na mój rozum po mojemu w moich oczach w moim odbiorze w moim odczuciu
according to me

in no time
migiem
very soon

in one's opinion
w mojej opinii
according to one's thinking

in order to phraseologicalUnit
żeby aby by coby
as a means of achieving the specified aim

in other words
innymi słowy
stated or interpreted another way

in parallel
równocześnie
at the same time
równolegle
connected side by side, instead of in series

in person
osobiście
actually present

in relation to preposition
w porównaniu z
by comparison with, compared with
odnośnie
concerning; in reference to

in return
w zamian
in exchange, as a means of reciprocating

in series
szeregowo
connected in a chain, instead of in parallel

in situ /ɪnˈsɪtjuː/ adv
in situ
in its original position or place

in spite of preposition
mimo pomimo wbrew
despite

in the act
na gorącym uczynku
in the process of doing something

in the blink of an eye
w mgnieniu oka
immediately, instantaneously

in the flesh
we własnej osobie
with one's own body and presence

in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king proverb
w kraju ślepców jednooki jest królem
In the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king

in the loop
w grupie zainteresowanych zaznajomiony
informed

in the making
w trakcie tworzenia
in the process of being made

in the midst of preposition
w środku
in the middle of; amidst; amongst

in the name of
w imieniu
with appeal to

in the wake of preposition
na skutek
as a result of
po w wyniku
following

in three days adv
popojutrze

in time
z czasem
as time passes
na czas o czasie
at or before the time assigned
w sam czas w samą porę
sufficiently early (for something)

in touch
na bieżąco w kontakcie
in contact, or in communication

in two shakes adv
w mgnieniu oka
very quickly

in vain adv
nadaremno
disrespectful manner
na próżno daremnie darmo
without success

in wine, there is truth proverb
w winie prawda
one tells the truth under the influence of alcohol

in- prefix
nie-
reversal of meaning

in-kind adj
rzeczowy w drodze aportu
consisting of goods or commodities

in-line engine n
silnik rzędowy
engine with all cylinders in one row

inability /ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti/ n
niemożność niezdolność
lack of the ability to do something; incapability

inactive /ɪnˈæktɪv/ adj
nieaktywny
not active, temporarily or permanently
zepsuty
not functioning or operating; broken down

inadmissible adj
niedopuszczalny
Not admissible

inalienable /ɪˈneɪ.li.ə.nə.bəl/ /ɪˈneɪ.lɪ.ə.nə.bəl/ adj
niezbywalny
incapable of being alienated, surrendered, or transferred to another; not alienable

inane /ɪˈneɪn/ adj
bezmyślny głupi
lacking sense or meaning

inanely adv
bezmyślnie głupio
in an inane manner

inanimate /ɪnˈænɪmət/ adj
nieżywotny
in grammar

inapplicable adj
nieodpowiedni
not applicable

inappropriate /ˌɪnəˈpɹoʊpɹi.ət/ /ˌɪnəˈpɹəʊpɹi.ət/ adj
nieodpowiedni niewłaściwy
not appropriate or suitable

inasmuch as conjunction
o ile
to the extent that

inaudible adj
niesłyszalny
unable to be heard

inauguration /ɪnɔːɡ(j)ʊˈɹeɪʃən/ n
inauguracja
act of inaugurating

inbox /ˈɪnbɑks/ /ˈɪnbɒks/ n
skrzynka odbiorcza
electronic folder

incandescence n
żarzenie
emission of visible light by a hot body

incandescent lamp n
lampa żarowa żarówka
a type of lamp

incapable /ɪnˈkeɪpəbl̩/ adj
niezdolny
not being capable

incapacitation /ˌɪn.kəˌpæs.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
ubezwłasnowolnienie
The act of incapacitating or the state of being incapacitated

incarcerate /ɪnˈkɑɹ.səˌɹeɪt/ /ɪnˈkɑː.səˌɹeɪt/ v
uwięzić
to lock away in prison

incarnation n
wcielenie
incarnate being or form

incendiary /ɪnˈsɛn.di.ɛɹ.i/ /ɪnˈsɛn.dɪ.əɹ.i/ adj
zapalający
capable of causing fire
prowokacyjny
inflammatory, emotionally charged
wichrzycielski
intentionally stirring up strife, riot, rebellion

incendiary /ɪnˈsɛn.di.ɛɹ.i/ /ɪnˈsɛn.dɪ.əɹ.i/ n
bomba zapalająca
something capable of causing fire

incense /ɪnˈsɛns/ /ˈɪnsɛns/ n
kadzidło
A perfume often used in the rites of various religions

incentive /ɪnˈsɛntɪv/ n
bonus premia
cash bonus
zachęta
something that motivates

inception /ɪnˈsɛpʃən/ n
początek rozpoczęcie
the creation or beginning of something

incest /ˈɪnsɛst/ n
kazirodztwo
sexual relations between close relatives

incestuous adj
kazirodczy
pertaining to or engaging in incest

inch /ɪntʃ/ n
cal
unit of length
włos
unspecified but very short distance

incident /ˈɪn.sɪ.dənt/ adj
towarzyszący wynikający
arising as the result of an event
padający
physics: falling on a surface

incident /ˈɪn.sɪ.dənt/ n
incydent
event causing interruption or crisis
(minor) event incidental to others
wydarzenie
event or occurrence

incipient /ɪnˈsɪp.i.ənt/ adj
początkowy
beginning, starting

incision /ɪnˈsɪʒən/ n
cięcie
cut

incisor /ɪnˈsaɪzə/ /ɪnˈsaɪzəɹ/ n
siekacz
tooth

incite /ɪnˈsaɪt/ v
podżegać
to rouse, stir up or excite

inclination /ɪn.klɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
inklinacja nachylenie
geometry: angle of intersection
skłonność
mental tendency
pochyłość
slant or slope

include /ɪnˈkluːd/ v
dołączać dołączyć uwzględniać wkluczać
to bring into as a part or member
zawierać zawrzeć
to contain, as part of a whole

including /ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/ preposition
w tym włącznie z
Such as, among which

inclusive /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/ adj
włącznie
including the extremes as well as the area between

incoherent adj
niekoherentny
lacking coherence, inconsistent

income /ˈɪnˌkʌm/ n
dochód
Money one earns by working or by capitalising on the work of others

income statement n
rachunek zysków i strat
financial statement of net income

income tax n
podatek dochodowy
tax levied on income

incommensurate adj
nieproporcjonalny niewspółmierny
out of proportion with

incompatibility /ˌɪnkəmˌpætɪˈbɪlɪti/ n
niezgodność
the quality or state of being incompatible

incompetence n
niekompetencja inkompetencja
inability to perform

incompetent adj
niekompetentny
unskilled, lacking normally expected degree of ability

incomprehensible /ˌɪnkɑmpɹəˈhɛnsɪbəl/ adj
niezrozumiały
impossible or very difficult to understand

inconceivable /ɪŋ.kən.ˈsiː.və.bɫ̩/ adj
niepojęty niewyobrażalny
unable to be conceived, unbelievable

inconsistent /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt/ adj
niekonsekwentny niespójny sprzeczny
not consistent

inconspicuous /ˌɪn.kənˈspɪk.ju.əs/ adj
niepozorny nierzucający się w oczy
not prominent or easily noticeable

inconspicuously adv
niepostrzeżenie
not prominent or easily noticeable

inconvenient adj
niewygodny
not convenient

incorruptible adj
nieprzekupny
incapable of being bribed or morally corrupted

increase /ɪnˈkɹiːs/ /ˈɪnkɹiːs/ n
wzrost przyrost zwiększenie
increased amount

incredible /ɪŋˈkɹɛdəbəl/ /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbəl/ adj
niewiarygodny
too implausible to be credible

incriminate v
obwiniać oskarżać inkryminować obwinić oskarżyć
to accuse or bring criminal charges against
obciążać obciążyć
to indicate the guilt of

incubus /ˈɪŋ.kjʊ.bəs/ n
inkub
an evil spirit

incunabulum /ˌɪn.kjʊˈnæb.jʊ.ləm/ n
inkunabuł
book, sheet or image

indebted /ɪnˈdɛtɪd/ adj
zobowiązany
obligated to someone

indecision /ɪndɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n/ n
niezdecydowanie
inability to decide on a course of action

indecisive /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/ adj
nierozstrzygający nierozstrzygnięty
inconclusive or uncertain
niezdecydowany
not decisive

indeclinable adj
nieodmienny
not declinable

indeed /ɪnˈdiːd/ adv
naprawdę w rzeczy samej
degree: in fact
naprawdę w rzeczy samej zaiste
modal: truly; in fact; actually

indefensible adj
nie do usprawiedliwienia
incapable of being justified
nie do obrony
not capable of being defended

indefinite /ɪnˈdɛfɪnɪt/ adj
nieoznaczona
an integral without specified limits
nieokreślony niewyraźny
vague or unclear
nieograniczony nieokreślony
without limit; forever, or until further notice; not definite

indefinite integral n
całka nieoznaczona
antiderivative

indefinite pronoun n
zaimek nieokreślony
Pronoun not specifying the identity of its referent

indelible /ɪnˈdɛləbl/ adj
nieusuwalny niezmywalny
difficult to delete, remove or wash away
niezatarty
incapable of being canceled or forgotten

indemnify /ɪnˈdɛm.nɪ.faɪ/ v
wynagrodzić wypłacić odszkodowanie
To make restitution or compensation for
ubezpieczyć zabezpieczyć
To save harmless; to secure against loss or damage; to insure

indentation n
tiret
a division unit of a piece of law

independence /ɪndɪˈpɛndəns/ n
niezależność
state of having sufficient means for a comfortable livelihood
niepodległość
state or quality of being independent

independent /ɪndɪˈpɛndənt/ adj
niezrzeszony
not aligned with any political party
niezależny niepodległy niezawisły
not dependent; not contingent or depending on something else; free

independently /ɪndɪˈpɛndəntli/ adv
niezależnie
in an independent manner

indescribable adj
nieopisany
impossible, or very difficult to describe

indescribably adv
nieopisanie
in an indescribable manner

indestructible adj
niezniszczalny
not destructible

indeterminism n
indeterminizm

index /ˈɪndɛks/ n
indeks spis
alphabetical listing
indeks
economics: single number calculated from an array of prices or quantities
programming: key indicating location of data
wykładnik
mathematics: raised suffix indicating a power.

index /ˈɪndɛks/ v
indeksować
to arrange an index

indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/ v
wskazywać
to point out; to discover; to direct to a knowledge of; to show; to make known
ukazywać
to show or manifest by symptoms
sygnalizować
to signal in a vehicle the desire to turn right or left

indicative mood n
tryb oznajmujący tryb orzekający
indicative mood

indicator /ˈɪn.dɪ.ˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
wskaźnik
chemical
pointer
wskazówka
needle or dial on a meter
kierunkowskaz
turn signal

indictment /ɪnˈdaɪt.mənt/ n
oskarżenie
accusation
akt oskarżenia oskarżenie
criminal accusation

indifference /ɪnˈdɪf.ɹəns/ n
obojętność
the state of being indifferent

indifferent /ɪnˈdɪf.ɹənt/ adj
marny mierny
mediocre, usually used negatively
obojętny
not caring

indigenous /ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/ /ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs/ adj
macierzysty miejscowy
born or engendered in, native to a land or region

indigestion n
dyspepsja niestrawność
condition caused by eating too quickly

indigo /ˈɪn.dɪˌɡəʊ/ /ˈɪndɪˌɡoʊ/ n
indygo
dye
colour

indirect /ˌɪndaɪˈɹɛkt/ /ˌɪndəˈɹɛkt/ adj
pośredni
not direct

indirect free kick n
rzut wolny pośredni
soccer

indirect object n
dopełnienie dalsze
grammatical term

indirectly /ˌɪndɪˈɹɛktli/ adv
niebezpośrednio pośrednio
in an indirect manner

indispensable /ɪndɪˈspɛnsəbəl/ adj
niezbędny
not dispensable

indisputable adj
bezdyskusyjny
not disputable

indistinct /ˌɪndɪsˈtɪŋkt/ adj
niewyraźna niewyraźny
not clearly defined

indium /ˈɪndi.əm/ n
ind
metallic chemical element

individual /ˌɘndɘˈvɘd͡ʒʉ.ɘl/ /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒu.əl/ /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊəl/ adj
indywidualny
intended for a single person
indywidualny oddzielny
relating to a single person or thing

individual /ˌɘndɘˈvɘd͡ʒʉ.ɘl/ /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒu.əl/ /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊəl/ n
indywidualny
individual object as contrasted to a class
indywiduum jednostka
person considered alone
osoba fizyczna
single human as legal subject

individualism n
indywidualizm
moral stance
tendency for a person to act without reference to others

indoctrinate v
indoktrynować
teach with a biased or one-sided ideology

indoctrination n
indoktrynacja
act of indoctrinating

indomitability /ɪn.dɑmɪtəbl̩.ɪ.ti/ /ɪn.dɒmɪtəbl̩.ɪ.ti/ n
niezłomność
The quality of being indomitable

indomitable /ɪnˈdɑmɪtəbl̩/ /ɪnˈdɒmɪtəbl̩/ adj
nieugięty
incapable of being subdued, overcome, or vanquished

indoors /ɪnˈdɔɹz/ /ɪnˈdɔːz/ adv
do budynku do domu w budynku w domu
in or into a building

indri /ˈɪndɹi/ n
indris krótkoogonowy
Indri indri

inductor n
cewka induktor
passive electrical device

indulge /ɪnˈdʌldʒ/ v
folgować ulec ulegać
to give way to (a habit or temptation), not to oppose or restrain
folgować rozpuszczać
to satisfy the wishes or whims of

industrial /ɪnˈdʌstɹɪəl/ adj
przemysłowy
of or relating to industry

industrial espionage n
wywiad gospodarczy
use of clandestine methods to acquire secret information for commercial advantage

industrialist n
przemysłowiec
person involved in the ownership or management of an industrial enterprise

industrious /ɪnˈdʌstɹi.əs/ adj
pilny
hard-working and persistent

industry /ˈɪndəstɹi/ n
branża przemysł
businesses of the same type
przemysł
businesses that produce goods

inedible adj
niejadalny
not edible; not appropriate, worthy, or safe to eat

ineffable /ɪˈnɛf.ə.bəl/ /ˌɪnˈɛf.ə.bəl/ adj
nieopisany
beyond expression
ten, którego imienia się nie wymienia
forbidden to be uttered

ineffectual adj
bezskuteczny nieskuteczny
futile

inept /ɪnˈɛpt/ adj
neptek nieudolny niezaradny
not able to do something

inequality /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti/ n
nierówność
statement that one quantity is less (or greater) than another

inert /ɪnˈɝt/ adj
obojętny
in chemistry, not readily reacting with other elements or compounds

inertness n
obojętność
chemically unreactive

inevitable /ɪnˈɛvɪtəbəl/ adj
nieunikniony
impossible to avoid or prevent

inexcusable adj
niewybaczalny
not excusable

inexhaustible adj
niewyczerpany
impossible to exhaust

inexorable /ɪnˈɛksɔɹəbəl/ /ɪˈnɛksɚəb(ə)l/ adj
nieubłagany
impossible to prevent or stop
nieugięty
unable to be persuaded

inexorably /ɪnˈɛk.sə.ɹə.bli/ adv
nieubłaganie niepowstrzymanie
in an inexorable manner; relentlessly

inexpedient adj
niecelowy
not tending to promote a purpose

inexpensive adj
tani
low in price

inexperienced /ɪnəkˈspɪəɹi.ənst/ adj
niedoświadczony
not experienced

infallible /ɪnˈfa.lɪ.b(ə)l/ /ɪnˈfæ.lə.bəl/ adj
niezawodny nieomylny
without fault or weakness; incapable of error or fallacy

infamous /ˈɪnfəməs/ adj
niesławny
having a bad reputation

infamy /ˈɪnfəmi/ n
niesława
the state of being infamous

infant mortality n
umieralność niemowląt
death of children under one year old

infanticide /ɪnˈfæntɪsaɪd/ n
dzieciobójca dzieciobójczyni
a person who has killed a child
dzieciobójstwo
the murder of an infant

infantile adj
dziecinny infantylny
childish; immature
dziecięcy
pertaining to infants

infantry /ˈɪnfəntɹi/ n
piechota
soldiers who fight on foot
the part of an army consisting of infantry soldiers

infantry fighting vehicle n
bojowy wóz piechoty
an armoured combat vehicle designed to carry infantry

infantryman n
piechur
soldier who fights on foot

infarction n
zawał
the process which causes an infarct

infatuation n
zauroczenie
An unreasoning love or attraction

infect /ɪnˈfɛkt/ v
zarazić zarażać zakażać zakazić
to bring into contact with a substance that causes illness

infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ n
infekcja zakażenie
the process of infecting
zakażenie infekcja
uncontrolled growth of harmful microorganisms in a host

infectious adj
zaraźliwy
spreading quickly between persons
transmitted between persons as illness

infectiousness n
zaraźliwość
state or condition of being infectious

infelicitous /ˌɪn.fəˈlɪs.ɪ.təs/ adj
niefortunny nieszczęsny nieudany
unhappy or unfortunate

infer /ɪnˈfɜː/ /ɪnˈfɝ/ v
wnioskować
dedukować wnioskować
to introduce as a reasoned conclusion

inferior /ɪnˈfɪ(ə)ɹiɚ/ /ɪnˈfɪəɹɪə/ adj
podrzędny pośledni
of lower quality

inferiority complex n
kompleks niższości kompleks niższości
a sense of inferiority

infernal /ɪnˈfəɹnəl/ /ɪnˈfɜː(ɹ)nəl/ adj
piekielny
Of or relating to hell, or the world of the dead; hellish
diabelski
diabolical or fiendish

infertility n
nieurodzajność
condition of being infertile - soil, etc
bezpłodność
inability to conceive - people and animals

infidel /ˈɪn.fə.dl̩/ n
niewierny
non-believer

infidelity n
niewiara
lack of religious belief
niewierność
unfaithfulness in marriage or other moral obligation

infimum /ɪnˈfaɪməm/ /ɪnˈfiːməm/ n
infimum kres dolny
element of a set

infinite /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/ adj
nieskończony bezgraniczny
boundless, endless
greater than any positive quantity or magnitude
figuratively, very large

infinitely /ˈɪnfɪnɪtli/ adv
nieskończenie
endlessly

infinitism n
infinityzm
view

infinitive /ɪnˈfɪnɪtɪv/ n
bezokolicznik
uninflected verb form
a mood or mode of verbs

inflammable /ɪnˈflæməbəl/ adj
palny
capable of burning

inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪʃən/ n
zapalenie
medical condition
act of inflaming, kindling, or setting on fire; also, the state of being inflamed

inflate /ɪnˈfleɪt/ v
dmuchać nadmuchać nadmuchiwać nadymać
to enlarge the volume occupied by an object

inflation /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/ n
inflacja
increase in prices
expansion or increase in size

inflect /ɪnˈflɛkt/ v
odmieniać odmienić
grammar: vary the form of a word

inflection /ɪnˈflɛkʃən/ n
modulacja
change in pitch or tone of voice
odmiana
change in the form of a word that reflects a change in grammatical function

inflexible /ɪnˈflɛksəbl̩/ adj
nieugięty
obstinate, stubborn
sztywny
stiff, rigid

inflorescence n
kwiatostan
flower cluster

influence /ˈɪn.fl(j)u.əns/ n
indukcja
electrostatic induction
wpływ
power to affect, control or manipulate
action exerted by a person or thing with power to cause change
person or thing exerting such power or action

influence /ˈɪn.fl(j)u.əns/ v
wpływać
intransitive: to exert influence
wpływać wpłynąć
transitive: to exert an influence upon

influential adj
wpływowy
having considerable influence

influenza /ˌɪn.flu.ˈɛn.zə/ n
grypa
an acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs

inform /ɪnˈfɔɹm/ /ɪnˈfɔːm/ v
informować poinformować powiadamiać powiadomić
to communicate knowledge to (an)other(s) (transitive)

informal /ɪnˈfɔɹm(ə)l/ /ɪnˈfɔːm(ə)l/ adj
potoczny nieformalny
not formal or ceremonious

informant /ɪnˈfɔɹmənt/ /ɪnˈfɔːmənt/ n
informator
one who relays confidential information

informatics n
informatyka
branch of information science

information /ˌɪnfəɹˈmeɪʃən/ /ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃən/ n
informacja wiadomość
communicable knowledge

information superhighway n
infostrada
The Internet and all other computer networks in the 1990s

information technology n
technologia informacyjna
the practice of creating and/or studying computer systems and applications

informer n
informator
one who informs

infrared /ɪnfɹəˈɹɛd/ adj
podczerwony
having the wavelength in the infrared

infrared /ɪnfɹəˈɹɛd/ n
podczerwień podczerwony
infrared radiation

infringe /ɪnˈfɹɪndʒ/ v
naruszać
to break or violate a treaty, a law, a right etc.

infuse /ɪnˈfjuz/ v
zaparzać zaparzyć
to steep in a liquid

infusion /ɪnˈfjuːʒən/ n
napar
a product consisting of a liquid which has had other ingredients steeped in it to extract useful qualities
zaparzanie
act of steeping or soaking a substance in liquid so as to extract medicinal or herbal qualities

ingenious /ɪnˈdʒiːnjəs/ adj
pomysłowy
characterized by genius; cleverly done or contrived
displaying genius or brilliance; tending to invent

ingot /ˈɪŋɡət/ n
sztaba sztabka
solid block of more or less pure metal

ingrate /ˈɪnɡɹeɪt/ n
niewdzięcznica niewdzięcznik
an ungrateful person

ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ n
składnik
substance present in a mixture

inguinal /ˈɪŋɡwɪnəl/ adj
pachwinowy
of or pertaining to the groin

inhabit /ɪnˈhæbɪt/ v
wypełniać zajmować
to be present in some place
zamieszkiwać
to live or reside in some place

inhabitant /ɪnˈhæ.bɪ.tənt/ n
mieszkaniec mieszkanka
Someone or thing who lives in a place

inhabited /ɪnˈhæbɪtɪd/ adj
zamieszkany zamieszkały
having inhabitants

inhalation /ˌɪnhəˈleɪʃən/ n
inhalacja wdech wdychanie
the act of inhaling

inhale /ɪnˈheɪl/ v
wdychać
to draw air into the lungs
inhalować wdychać wziewać
to draw something into the nose or lungs

inhaler n
inhalator
canister containing medicine

inherent /ɪnˈhɪəɹənt/ adj
inherentny nieodłączny przyrodzony właściwy
natural part or consequence

inherently /ɪnˈhɛɹəntli/ adv
nieodłącznie
inherently, innately

inherit /ɪnˈhɛɹɪt/ v
dziedziczyć odziedziczyć
to receive a characteristic by genetic transmission
to receive property or a title by legal succession etc.

inheritable adj
dziedziczny
able to be inherited

inheritance /ɪnˈhɛɹətəns/ n
dziedziczenie
biological attributes passed to offspring
passing of title
programming: mechanism for making parts of superclass available to subclass
spadek
that which a person is entitled to inherit

inhibition n
zahamowanie
State of being inhibited

inhibitor n
inhibitor
substance slowing a reaction

inhumane adj
niehumanitarny
cruel and savage, not humane

inhumation /ɪn.hjuːˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
inhumacja pochówek
The act of burial

inimical /ɪˈnɪmɪkəl/ adj
szkodliwy
harmful
nieprzyjazny wrogi złowrogi
hostile

initial /ɪˈnɪʃəl/ adj
początkowy
chronologically first

initialism n
literowiec skrótowiec literowy
term pronounced letter by letter

initialize v
inicjalizować
to assign an initial value to a variable
to assign initial values to something

initiate /ɪˈnɪʃɪeɪt/ n
wtajemniczony
One who has been through a ceremony of initiation

initiate /ɪˈnɪʃɪeɪt/ v
wtajemniczać wtajemniczyć
to instruct in the rudiments

injection /ɪn.ˈdʒɛk.ʃən/ n
wstrzyknięcie zastrzyk
act of injecting, or something injected
zastrzyk
medicine: something injected
iniekcja
set theory: one-to-one mapping

injective /ɪnˈdʒɛktɪv/ adj
różnowartościowa
inverse-deterministic

injunction /ɪnˈdʒʌnk.ʃən/ n
nakaz sądowy
an official writ
napomnienie
the act of enjoining

injure /ˈɪndʒə/ /ˈɪndʒɚ/ v
ranić
to wound or cause physical harm

injury /ˈɪn.dʒə.ɹi/ n
kontuzja szkoda uraz
damage or violation

injury time n
doliczony czas
additional time played straight after each of the two halves

injustice /ɪnˈdʒʌs.tɪs/ n
niesprawiedliwość
absence of justice

ink /iŋk/ /ɪŋk/ n
atrament tusz
coloured fluid used for writing
atrament
dark fluid ejected by squid etc

inkling /ˈɪŋk.lɪŋ/ n
podejrzenie
suspicion or hint

inkwell n
kałamarz
container for ink

inn /ɪn/ n
zajazd karczma
lodging

innate /ɪˈneɪt/ adj
wrodzony
inborn

innate /ɪˈneɪt/ v
począć
cause to exist

inner /ˈɪnə/ /ˈɪnɚ/ adj
wewnętrzny
being or occurring inside

inner ear n
ucho wewnętrzne
anatomy

inner emigration n
emigracja wewnętrzna
choice of remaining in a country during dictatorship

inner tube n
dętka
inflatable rubber tube

innkeeper /ˈɪnkiːpəɹ/ n
karczmarka karczmarz oberżysta oberżystka
person responsible for the running of an inn

innocence /ˈɪnəsn̩s/ n
niewinność
absence of responsibility for a crime
lack of understanding about sensitive subjects such as sexuality and crime
lack of ability or intention to harm or damage

innocent /ˈɪnəsn̩t/ adj
naiwny niewinny
naive, artless
niewinny
pure, free from sin, untainted
not legally responsible for a wrongful act

innocently /ˈɪnəsəntli/ adv
niewinnie
in an innocent manner

innocuous /ɪˈnɑkjuəs/ /ɪˈnɒkjuəs/ adj
bezpieczny niegroźny
harmless

innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/ n
innowacja
act of innovating

innuendo /ˌɪnjuˈɛndəʊ/ n
insynuacja
A derogatory hint or reference to a person or thing, an implication or insinuation

inorganic adj
nieorganiczny
relating to a compound that does not contain carbon

input /ˈɪnpʊt/ n
wkład
something fed into a process

input /ˈɪnpʊt/ v
wprowadzać dane
to enter data

inquisitive /ɪŋˈkwɪzətɪv/ adj
ciekawski wścibski
too curious; overly interested; nosy

insalubrious /ɪnsəˈluːbɹɪəs/ adj
niezdrowotny
unhealthful

insane /ɪnˈseɪn/ adj
szaleńczy
characterized by insanity or the utmost folly
used by, or appropriated to, insane persons
szalony obłąkany jebnięty pierdolnięty pojebany popierdolony
exhibiting unsoundness or disorder of mind

insanity /ɪnˈsænɪti/ n
obłęd
state of being insane

insatiable adj
nienasycony
not satiable; incapable of being satisfied or appeased

insect /ˈɪnsɛkt/ n
owad robak insekt
arthropod of class insecta
zero
contemptible or powerless person

insecticidal adj
owadobójczy
relating to insecticide

insectivore /ɪnˈsɛktəˌvɔɹ/ /ɪnˈsɛktəˌvɔː/ n
owadożerca
insect eating animal

insectivorous /ˌɪnsɛkˈtɪv(ə)ɹəs/ adj
owadożerny
feeding on insects

insecure adj
niepewny
not comfortable in certain situations
niezabezpieczony
not secure

insemination n
zapłodnienie
act of making pregnant
posiew zasiew
act of sowing seed

insensate /ɪnˈsɛn.sət/ adj
bez czucia
having no sensation or consciousness
bezmyślny
senseless; foolish; irrational

insert /ɪnˈsɜːt/ /ɪnˈsɝt/ /ˈɪnsɜːt/ /ˈɪnsɝt/ v
wstawić
put in between or into

inside /ˈɪnsaɪd/ adv
w środku wewnątrz
within the interior

inside /ˈɪnsaɪd/ n
wnętrze środek
interior or inner part

inside job n
inside job robota wewnętrzna

inside out /ˌɪnsaɪdˈaʊt/ adv
na wylot
of knowledge: thoroughly
na lewą stronę
with the inside turned to be on the outside

insidious /ɪnˈsɪdi.əs/ adj
podstępny zdradziecki zdradliwy
producing serious harm in a stealthy, often gradual, manner

insidiously /ɪnˈsɪdi.əsli/ adv
podstępnie
in an insidious manner

insignificant /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ adj
nieistotny
not significant; not important

insinuate /ɪnˈsɪnjueɪt/ v
insynuować
hint at (something)
przypochlebiać się
ingratiate oneself

insinuation /ɪnˌsɪnjuˈeɪʃən/ n
insynuacja
a suggestion or intimation by distant allusion

insipid /ɪnˈsɪp.ɪd/ adj
mdły
unappetizingly flavorless

insofar /ɪnsəʊˈfɑː(ɹ)/ adv
o ile
to such a degree or extent

insofar as /ɪn.soʊˈfɑɹəz/ /ɪn.səʊˈfɑːɹəz/ conjunction
o tyle, o ile
to the extent that

insole /ˈɪnsoʊl/ /ˈɪnsəʊl/ n
wkładka
inside sole of footwear

insolent /ˈɪnsə.lənt/ adj
bezczelny
insulting in manner or words
chamski niegrzeczny
rude

insoluble adj
nierozpuszczalny
not soluble; that cannot be dissolved

insomnia n
bezsenność
sleeping disorder

insouciant /inˈsusiənt/ /ɪnˈsuːsɪənt/ adj
niefrasobliwy
casually unconcerned

inspection /ɪnˈspɛkʃən/ n
inspekcja kontrola
organization that checks that certain laws or rules are obeyed
badanie kontrola zbadanie
the act of examining something, often closely

inspector /ɪnˈspɛktə/ /ɪnˈspɛktɚ/ n
inspektor
person employed to inspect something

inspiration /ɪnspɨˈɹeɪʃən/ n
wdech
physiology: drawing of air
inspiracja natchnienie
stimulating influence upon the intellect or emotions
natchnienie
supernatural divine influence

inspire /ɪn.ˈspaɪə(ɹ)/ /ɪn.ˈspaɪɹ/ v
inspirować zainspirować
to infuse into the mind; to communicate to the spirit

instability n
niestabilność
quality of being unstable

install /ɪnˈstɔːl/ v
instalować zainstalować
set something up for use

installation [ɪnstəˈleɪʃən] n
instalacja montaż
act of installing
instalacja
something installed

installer n
instalator
person who installs
program that installs software and prepares it for use

installment /ɪnˈstɔːlmənt/ n
rata
portion of debt

instance /ˈɪnstəns/ n
okazja zdarzenie
recurring occasion, case

instant messenger n
komunikator komunikator internetowy
application which allows instant text communication

instantaneous /ɪnstənˈteɪni.əs/ adj
chwilowy momentalny
occurring, arising, or functioning without any delay; happening within an imperceptibly brief period of time

instantly /ˈɪnstəntli/ adv
błyskawicznie momentalnie natychmiast od razu
at once

instead /ɪn.ˈstɛd/ adv
zamiast
in the place of (it)

instead of preposition
zamiast
in lieu of; in place of; rather than

instep n
podbicie
top of the foot between the toes and the ankle

instill /ɪnˈstɪl/ v
wpajać wpoić
to cause a quality to become part of someone's nature
wkraplać wkroplić
to pour in drop by drop

instinct /ˈɪn.stɪŋkt/ n
instynkt
natural or inherent impulse or behaviour

instinctive /ɪnˈstɪŋktɪv/ adj
instynktowny
related to or prompted by instinct

institute /ˈɪnstɪt(j)uːt/ n
instytut
college
organization founded to promote a cause

institutionalize /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənəˌlaɪz/ v
zinstytucjonalizować
to establish as a normal practice

instrument /ˈɪnstɹəmənt/ n
instrument
musical device
measuring device
instrument narzędzie
tool

instrumental /ɪnstɹəˈmɛntəl/ adj
instrumentalny
of musical instrument
pertaining to the instrumental case

instrumental case n
narzędnik
case to express agency or means

instrumentalisation n
instrumentalizacja

instrumentalist n
instrumentalista instrumentalistka
one who plays a musical instrument

insufferable /ɪnˈsʌfɚəbəl/ [ɪnˈsʌfɹəbl̩] adj
nieznośny
not sufferable

insufficient adj
niewystarczający
Not sufficient

insufficiently adv
niedostatecznie niewystarczająco
not sufficiently

insulate v
izolować
to separate or detach
to separate so as to prevent a transfer

insulator /ˈɪn.sjə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
izolator
substance
structure

insulin /ˈɪnsjʊlin/ /ˈɪnsəlɪn/ n
insulina
polypeptide hormone

insult /ɪnˈsʌlt/ /ˈɪn.sʌlt/ n
obraza wyzwisko zniewaga
action or speech deliberately intended to be rude
obraza
anything that causes offence/offense by being of an unacceptable quality

insult /ɪnˈsʌlt/ /ˈɪn.sʌlt/ v
obrażać obrazić
to be rude

insulting /ɪnˈsʌltɪŋ/ adj
obraźliwy
containing insult, or having the intention of insulting

insurance /ɪn.ˈʃʊə.ɹəns/ /ɪn.ˈʃʊɹ.əns/ /ˈɪn.ʃɚəns/ n
ubezpieczenie
indemnity
business

insure /ɪnˈʃʊə/ /ɪnˈʃʊɚ/ v
ubezpieczać ubezpieczyć
to provide for compensation if some risk occurs

insurgency /ɪnˈsɜː.dʒən.si/ /ɪnˈsɝ.dʒən.si/ n
insurekcja powstanie
rebellion; revolt; the state of being insurgent

insurgent /ɪnˈsəɹdʒənt/ /ɪnˈsəːdʒ(ə)nt/ n
rebeliant rebeliantka
rebel

insurmountable adj
nieprzezwyciężony
incapable of being passed over

insurrection /ˌɪnsəˈɹɛkʃən/ n
insurekcja bunt
mutiny or rebellion

intangible /ɪnˈtandʒɪbl/ /ɪnˈtændʒəbəl/ adj
nieuchwytny
incapable of being perceived

integer /ˈɪn.tɨ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ n
liczba całkowita
a number that is not a fraction

integral /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəl/ /ˈɪntəɡɹəl/ /ˈɪntɪɡɹəl/ adj
jednolity
constituting a whole together with other parts or factors; not omittable or removable

integral /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəl/ /ˈɪntəɡɹəl/ /ˈɪntɪɡɹəl/ n
całka całka oznaczona
limit of sums

integral calculus n
rachunek całkowy
calculus of areas and volumes

integrand n
funkcja podcałkowa
function that is to be integrated

integrate /ˈɪntəɡɹeɪt/ v
integrować scalać
to subject to the operation of integration; to find the integral of

integrated adj
zintegrowany
composed and coordinated to form a whole

integrated circuit n
układ scalony
thin chip

integration /ɪntəˈɡɹeɪʃən/ n
integracja
act or process of making whole or entire
process of fitting into a community
całkowanie
in mathematics

integration by parts n
całkowanie przez części
method of integration related to the product rule of differentiation

integrity /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəti/ n
prawość uczciwość
steadfast adherence to a strict moral or ethical code

intellectual property n
własność intelektualna
product of someone's intellect

intellectualism n
intelektualizm
doctrine that knowledge is derived from pure reason

intelligence /ɪnˈtɛl.ɪ.d͡ʒəns/ n
wywiad
a department, agency or unit designed to gather such information
information about the enemy
inteligencja
capacity of mind
entity that has such capacities

intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/ adj
inteligentny
of high or especially quick cognitive capacity, bright
characterized by thoughtful interaction
well thought-out, well considered

intelligent design pn
teoria inteligentnego projektu
intelligent design / Intelligent Design

intelligentsia /ɪntɛlɪˈd͡ʒɛntsɪə/ /ɪntɛlɪˈɡɛntsɪə/ n
inteligencja
intellectual élite

intelligible /ɪnˈtɛlədʒəbl̩/ adj
zrozumiały
capable of being understood

intend /ɪnˈtɛnd/ v
zamierzać
to fix the mind upon a goal
to be intent upon

intention /ɪnˈtɛnʃən/ n
zamiar intencja
course intended to follow

intentional adj
celowy umyślny zamierzony intencjonalny
intended or planned; done deliberately or voluntarily

intentionality n
intencjonalność
characteristic

inter alia adv
między innymi
among other things

inter- /ɪntə/ /ɪntɚ/ prefix
inter- między-
among, between

interactive /ɪntɚˈæktɪv/ adj
interaktywny
responding to the user

intercalary /ˌɪnt.ɚˈkæl.ɚ.i/ adj
przestępny
of a time period, inserted between others

intercalation n
interkalacja

intercept /ɪntəˈsɛpt/ /ɪntɚˈsɛpt/ /ˈɪntəsɛpt/ /ˈɪntɚsɛpt/ n
przecięcie
coordinate of the point at which a curve intersects an axis

intercept /ɪntəˈsɛpt/ /ɪntɚˈsɛpt/ /ˈɪntəsɛpt/ /ˈɪntɚsɛpt/ v
przechwycić
to gain possession of
to stop, deflect or divert

intercession n
wstawiennictwo
a prayer to God on behalf of another person

interchange /ɪntə(ɹ)ˈtʃeɪndʒ/ /ɪntɚˈtʃeɪndʒ/ /ˈɪntə(ɹ).tʃeɪndʒ/ /ˈɪntɚtʃeɪndʒ/ n
węzel
highway junction

intercity adj
międzymiastowy
that connects cities one with another

intercom n
domofon
an electronic communication system

intercontinental /ˌɪn.tə.kɒn.tɪˈnɛn.təl/ /ˌɪn.tɚ.kɑn.tɪ.ˈnɛn.təl/ adj
międzykontynentalny
between two or more continents

intercourse /ˈɪn.təˌkɔːs/ /ˈɪn.tɚˌkɔɹs/ n
stosunek płciowy
sexual intercourse

intercultural adj
międzykulturowy
between different cultures

interdisciplinary adj
interdyscyplinarny międzydyscyplinarny różnokierunkowy wielodziedzinowy wielostronny wielowymiarowy
of or pertaining to multiple distinct academic disciplines or fields of study

interest /ˈɪntəɹəst/ /ˈɪntəɹɪst/ n
odsetki
finance: price of credit
zainteresowanie
great attention and concern from someone
attention that is given to or received from someone or something
interesy
involvement in or link with financial, business, or other undertaking

interest /ˈɪntəɹəst/ /ˈɪntəɹɪst/ v
interesować ciekawić zajmować
to attract attention or concern

interest rate n
stopa procentowa
percentage of money charged for its use per some period

interested /ˈɪntɹəstəd/ /ˈɪntɹəstɪd/ adj
zainteresowany
having or showing interest

interesting /ˈɪnt(ʃ)ɹɛstɪŋ/ /ˈɪntəɹəstɪŋ/ adj
ciekawy interesujący
arousing or holding the attention

interface /ˈɪntəfeɪs/ /ˈɪntɚˌfeɪs/ n
granica międzyfazowa
chemistry, physics: thin layer or boundary between different substances, or phases of a single substance
interfejs
computing: connection between a user and a machine
computing: point of interconnection between systems or subsystems
computing, object-oriented: connection between parts of software
computing, object-oriented: piece of code defining a set of operations that other code must implement
point of interconnection between entities

interfere /ˌɪntəˈfɪə/ /ˌɪntɚˈfɪɹ/ v
powstrzymywać przeszkadzać

interference /ˌɪntəɹˈfiɹɨns/ /ˌɪntəˈfiɹəns/ n
ingerencja wtrącanie
act of interfering with something
interferencja
effect caused by the superposition of two systems of waves

interferometer n
interferometr
instrument

interferon n
interferon
any of a group of glycoproteins, that prevent viral replication in infected cells

interfix n
międzyrostek
an empty morph inserted between two morphemes

intergalactic adj
międzygalaktyczny
occurring between galaxies

intergovernmental adj
międzyrządowy
of, relating to, or involving two or more governments

interim /ˈɪntəɹɪm/ adj
tymczasowi tymczasowy
temporary
przejściowy
transitional

interim /ˈɪntəɹɪm/ n
tymczasem w międyczasie
a transitional or temporary period between other events

interior /ɪnˈtɪəɹɪə/ /ɪnˈtɪɹiɚ/ adj
wewnętrzny
having to do with the inner part of something

interior /ɪnˈtɪəɹɪə/ /ɪnˈtɪɹiɚ/ n
wnętrze
the inside of an enclosed structure

interior design n
architektura wnętrz projektowanie wnętrz wystrój wnętrz
design of internal space

interjection /ɪn.təˈdʒɛk.ʃən/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈdʒɛk.ʃən/ n
wykrzyknik
exclamation or filled pause in grammar

interlocutor /ˌɪntəɹˈlɑkjətəɹ/ /ˌɪntəˈlɒkjʊtə/ n
interlokutor rozmówca interlokutorka rozmówczyni
A person who takes part in dialogue or conversation

interloper /ɪntəˈləʊpə/ n
natręt
one who interferes

intermediate frequency n
częstotliwość pośrednia

interment n
pochówek
The act of burying a dead body; burial

intermittent /ˌɪntəˈmɪtn̩t/ /ˌɪntɚˈmɪtn̩t/ adj
sporadyczny
stopping and starting at intervals

intermittently /ɪn.təˈmɪt.ənt.lɪ/ adv
nieregularnie sporadycznie
Stopping or starting at intervals

intermolecular adj
międzycząsteczkowy
from one molecule to another

internal /ɪnˈtɝnəl/ adj
wewnętrzny
within the body
inside of something

internal combustion engine n
silnik o spalaniu wewnętrznym
a piston or a rotary heat engine

international /ˌɪntəˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ /ˌɪntɚˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ adj
międzynarodowy
between, concerning, or transcending multiple nations

international relations n
stosunki międzynarodowe
study of relationships among countries

internationalism n
internacjonalizm
cooperation between nations

internaut n
internauta internautka
internaut

internist n
internista
specialist in internal medicine

internode n
międzywęźle
a section of the stem between two nodes

internship /ˈɪntɝnʃɪp/ n
staż
job taken by a student

interoperability /ˌɪntəɹɒpəɹəˈbɪləti/ n
interoperacyjność
computing

interpose /ˌɪn.təˈpəʊz/ /ˌɪn.tɚˈpoʊz/ v
wstawić
to insert something (or oneself) between other things
wtrącić
to interrupt a conversation by introducing a different subject or making a comment

interpreter /ɪnˈtəːpɹɪtə/ n
interpreter
computer program
tłumacz tłumaczka tłumacz ustny tłumacz symultaniczny
one who interprets speech

interracial /ˌɪntəˈɹeɪʃəl/ adj
międzyrasowy
between or including two or more races

interregnum /ˌɪntəɹˈɹɛɡnəm/ n
bezkrólewie
period of time between the end of a sovereign's reign and the accession of another sovereign

interrogate v
przesłuchiwać przesłuchać
to question or quiz

interrogation /ɪnˌteɹ.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
przesłuchanie interrogacja
act of interrogating or questioning
pytajnik znak zapytania
point, mark, or sign
badanie interrogacja zapytanie
question put; an inquiry

interrupt /ˈɪntəˌɹʌpt/ /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ n
przerwanie
An event that causes a computer to temporarily cease

interrupt /ˈɪntəˌɹʌpt/ /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ v
przerwać przerywać wtrącać się wtrącić się
to disturb or halt an ongoing process or action

interschool adj
międzyszkolny
occurring or taking place between two or more schools

intersect /ɪntəˈsɛkt/ /ɪntɚˈsɛkt/ v
przecinać przecinać się
in mathematics
krzyżować krzyżować się przecinać przecinać się
to cross each other; to cut each other

intersection /ˈɪntəɹˌsɛkʃən/ n
punkt przecięcia
in geometry
iloczyn zbiorów przecięcie przekrój
in set theory
skrzyżowanie
junction of two or more paths, etc

interstate /ˈɪntɚˌsteɪt/ adv
międzystanowy
of, or relating to two or more states

interval /ˈɪntəvəl/ /ˈɪntɚvəl/ n
interwał odstęp
distance in space

intervene v
interweniować
to come between, or to be between, persons or things

intervention /ɪntəˈvɛnʃən/ /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/ n
interwencja
act of intervening

interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/ /ˈɪntɚvjuː/ n
rozmowa kwalifikacyjna wywiad
a formal meeting for the assessment of a candidate or applicant
wywiad
conversation with journalist etc.

interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/ /ˈɪntɚvjuː/ v
przeprowadzać wywiad
to have an interview

interwar adj
międzywojenny
relating to the time between two wars

interweave /ɪntəɹˈwiːv/ v
przeplatać przepleść
to combine through weaving

intestine /ɪnˈtɛstaɪn/ /ɪnˈtɛstɪn/ n
jelito kiszka trzewo
alimentary canal
jelito
subdivision of the alimentary canal

intimacy /ˈɪn.tɪ.mə.si/ n
intymność
feeling of closeness and openness towards someone else

intimate /ˈɪn.tɪ.meɪt/ /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/ adj
bliski
closely acquainted; familiar
intymny
of or involved in a sexual relationship
osobisty
personal, private

intimate /ˈɪn.tɪ.meɪt/ /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/ v
sugerować zasugerować
To suggest or disclose discreetly

into /ˈɪn.tu/ /ˈɪn.tuː/ /ˈɪn.tə/ /ˈɪn.tʊ/ preposition
w
going inside
do
going to a geographic region

intolerable /ɪnˈtɑləɹəbl̩/ /ɪnˈtɒləɹəbl̩/ adj
nieznośny
not tolerable

intolerance n
nietolerancja
extreme sensitivity to a food or drug; allergy
the state of being intolerant

intolerant adj
nietolerancyjny
not tolerant; close-minded about new or different ideas
nietolerujący
unable or indisposed to tolerate, endure or bear

intonation /ɪntɵˈneɪʃən/ n
intonacja
the rise and fall of the voice in speaking

intoxicate v
odurzyć otępić
To stupefy by doping with chemical substances such as alcohol

intramolecular adj
wewnątrzcząsteczkowy
between parts of a molecule

intransigence n
nieprzejednanie nieustępliwość
intransigence

intransigent /ɪnˈtɹæn.sə.d͡ʒənt/ adj
nieprzejednany nieustępliwy
unwilling to compromise or moderate a position

intransitive /ɪnˈtɹænsətɪv/ adj
nieprzechodni
of a verb, not taking a direct object

intransitive verb /ɪnˌtɹænsətɪv ˈvɜːb/ n
czasownik nieprzechodni
action verb not taking a direct object

intrasexual adj
wewnątrzpłciowy
intrasexual

intrauterine device n
spirala
contraceptive device

intravenous /ɪntɹəˈviːnəs/ adj
dożylny
inside the veins

intravenously adv
dożylnie
in an intravenous manner

intrepid /ɪnˈtɹɛpɪd/ adj
nieustraszony
fearless

intrigue /ɪnˈtɹiːɡ/ /ˈɪntɹiːɡ/ n
fabuła
The plot of a play
intryga
plot or scheme

intrinsic /ɪn.ˈtɹɪn.zɪk/ adj
rzeczywisty wewnętrzny
inherent

intrinsically adv
nieodłącznie wewnętrznie zasadniczo
in an intrinsic manner, internally, essentially

introduce /ˌɪntɹəˈdjuːs/ /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/ v
przedstawiać przedstawić
to cause someone to be acquainted

introduction /ɪntɹəˈdʌkʃən/ n
wprowadzenie wstęp
act or process of introducing
wstęp przedmowa
initial section of a book or article which introduces subject material

intruder /ənˈtɹudɚ/ /ɪnˈtɹuː.də(ɹ)/ n
intruz
someone who intrudes

intrusion /ɪnˈtɹuːʒən/ n
wtargnięcie
forcible entry

intuition /ɪntuwˈɪʃɨn/ /ˌɪntjʊˈɪʃən/ n
intuicja
immediate cognition without the use of rational processes
perceptive insight gained by the use of this faculty

intuitive /ɪnˈtjuːɪtɪv/ adj
intuicyjny
automatic, without requiring conscious thought

inundate /ˈɪn.ən.deɪt/ /ˈɪn.ʌn.deɪt/ v
zalać
to cover with large amounts of water
przytłoczyć
to overwhelm

inure /ɪˈnjʊə/ /ɪˈnjʊɹ/ v
przyzwyczaić się

invade /ɪnˈveɪd/ v
najechać najeżdżać napadać napaść zajmować zająć
to enter by force in order to conquer

invader /ɪn.ˈveɪ.də(ɹ)/ n
agresor najeźdźca
one who invades; an assailant; an encroacher; an intruder

invalid /ɪnˈvæl.ɪd/ /ˈɪn.və.lɪd/ adj
nieważny
not valid

invaluable adj
bezcenny nieoceniony
of great value
nieoceniony
very useful

invariant adj
niezmienny
that does not vary
niezmienniczy
that is not affected by a specified operation

invariant n
niezmiennik
invariant quantity, function etc.

invasive /ɪnˈveɪsɪv/ adj
inwazyjny
in medicine
invading a foreign country
of a plant or animal

invent /ɪnˈvɛnt/ v
wynaleźć
design a new process or mechanism

invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/ n
wynalezienie
act of inventing
wynalazek
something invented

inventiveness n
pomysłowość
quality of being inventive

inventor /ɪnˈvɛntɚ/ n
wynalazca wynalazczyni
one who invents

inverse function n
funkcja odwrotna
function that reverses the mapping action of a given function

invertebrate adj
bezkręgowiec
lacking backbone

investigate [ɪn.ˈves.tɪ.ɡeɪ̯t] v
badać
to examine

investigation /ɪnˌvɛstəˈɡeɪʃən/ n
dochodzenie śledztwo
the act of investigating

investigative journalism n
dziennikarstwo śledcze
journalism in which the reporter deeply investigates a single topic

investment /ɪnˈvɛstmənt/ n
inwestycja
placement of capital in expectation of deriving income or profit from its use

investor /ɪnˈvɛstɚ/ n
inwestor
person who invests money in order to make a profit

invigilation n
inwigilacja
act of invigilating

invincibility n
niezwyciężoność
state or quality of being invincible

invincible /ɪnˈvɪns.ɪbl̩/ adj
niezwyciężony
impossible to defeat, destroy or kill

invincible /ɪnˈvɪns.ɪbl̩/ n
niezwyciężona niezwyciężony
someone who cannot be defeated, destroyed or killed

inviolable /ɪnˈvaɪələbl̩/ adj
nienaruszalny nietykalny
not violable; not to be infringed

invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/ adj
niewidzialny niewidoczny
unable to be seen

invitation /ɪn.vɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
zaproszenie
document or spoken words conveying the message by which one is invited
act of inviting

invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ /ˈɪnvaɪt/ v
zapraszać zaprosić
ask for the presence or participation of someone
prosić
request formally

invoice /ˈɪnˌvɔɪs/ n
faktura
bill

invoke /ɪnˈvoʊk/ v
wywołać wywoływać
(computing) cause to execute

involucre n
okrywa
conspicuous bract

involuntarily adv
niechcący
in an involuntary manner

iodide n
jodek
binary compound

iodine /ˈaɪ.əˌdaɪn, -dɪn, -diːn/ n
jodyna jod
antiseptic
jod
element

ion /ˈaɪ.ɑn/ /ˈaɪɒn/ /ˈaɪən/ /ˈaɪˌoʊn/ n
jon
atom or group of atoms bearing an electrical charge

ionization /ˌaɪənɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
jonizacja
any process that leads to dissociation

ionize /ˈaɪ.ə.naɪz/ v
jonizować
to dissociate atoms or molecules into electrically charged species

ionosphere n
jonosfera
part of Earth's atmosphere

iota /aɪˈoʊtə/ /aɪˈəʊtə/ n
jota
Greek letter
small quantity

iotation /aɪoʊˈteɪʃən/ /aɪəʊˈteɪʃən/ n
jotacyzacja
process occurring in Slavic languages or elsewhere

ir- prefix
nie-
not; negation

irascible /ɪˈɹæs.ɪ.bəl/ adj
wybuchowy drażliwy gniewny
prone to anger

ire /aɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /aɪɹ/ n
furia wściekłość
great anger

iridium /ɪˈɹɪdiəm/ n
iryd
chemical element

iris /ˈaɪɹɪs/ n
tęczówka kosaciec
part of the eye
kosaciec irys tęczówka
plant of the genus Iris

irk /ɜːk/ /ɝk/ v
drażnić
to irritate; annoy; bother

iron /ˈaɪən/ /ˈaɪɚn/ /ˈaɪɹən/ adj
żelazny żelazo
made of iron
żelazny
strong, inflexible

iron /ˈaɪən/ /ˈaɪɚn/ /ˈaɪɹən/ n
żelazo
chemical element Fe
type of golf club
żelazko
for pressing clothes

iron /ˈaɪən/ /ˈaɪɚn/ /ˈaɪɹən/ v
prasować
to pass an iron over clothing

iron filings n
opiłki żelaza
small fragments of iron

iron lung n
żelazne płuco
a pneumonic device for assisted breathing

iron ore n
ruda żelaza
ore containing iron

iron out v
rozprasować rozprasowywać
to remove with an iron

ironic /aɪˈɹɒn.ɪk/ adj
ironiczny
characterized by irony

ironing n
prasowanie
act of pressing clothes with an iron

ironing board n
deska do prasowania
a long board on which one can iron

irony /ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/ /ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/ adj
żelazny
of or pertaining to iron

irony /ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/ /ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/ /ˈaɪə.ni/ /ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/ n
ironia
statement that may mean the opposite of what is written literally
condition contrary to expectations

irrational /ɪˈɹæʃ.(ə.)nəl/ adj
niewymierny irracjonalny
mathematics: of a number
irracjonalny nieracjonalny
unfounded or nonsensical

irrational /ɪˈɹæʃ.(ə.)nəl/ n
liczba niewymierna
irrational number

irrational number n
liczba niewymierna
real number that is not rational

irrationalism n
irracjonalizm
philosophical movement

irredentism /ɪɹɪˈdɛntɪzəm/ n
irredentyzm
an annexation doctrine

irrefutable /ˌɪɹɪˈfjuːtəbl/ adj
niepodważalny
undeniable, unable to be disproved

irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡjəlɚ/ adj
nieregularny
in grammar, applied to verbs
non-standard

irrelevant adj
nieistotny niepowiązany niezwiązany
not related, not applicable, unimportant, not connected

irreligion /ɪɹɪˈlɪdʒən/ n
bezreligijność niereligijność
state of being irreligious

irreparable /ɪˈɹɛp(ə)ɹəbəl/ adj
nie do naprawienia nienaprawialny
that is unable to be repaired

irreplaceable adj
niezastąpiony
that cannot be replaced

irrepressible adj
niepohamowany niepowstrzymany
not containable or controllable

irresistible /ˌɪɹɪˈzɪstəbl̩/ adj
nieodparty
not able to be resisted

irresponsible /ɪrəˈspɑnsɪbəl/ /ˌɪrɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj
nieodpowiedzialny lekkomyślny
lacking a sense of responsibility

irresponsibly /ˌɪ.ɹɪ.ˈspɑːn.sə.bli/ /ˌɪ.ɹɪ.ˈspɒn.sə.bli/ adv
nieodpowiedzialnie
in an irresponsible manner

irreverent adj
szacunku
lacking respect or seriousness

irreversible adj
nieodwracalny
incapable of being reversed
nieodwołalny
incapable of being reversed, recalled, repealed, or annulled

irreversibly adv
bezpowrotnie
In an irreversible manner

irrevocable /ɪˈɹɛvəkəb(ə)l/ adj
nieodwołalny
unable to be retracted or reversed

irrevocably adv
bezapelacyjnie nieodwołalnie
in an irrevocable manner

irrigation /ˌɪɹəˈɡeɪʃən/ n
irygacja nawadnianie
The act or process of irrigating

irritable bowel syndrome n
zespół jelita drażliwego
functional disorder causing the nerves and muscles of the large intestine to be oversensitive

irritate /ˈɪɹɪteɪt/ v
drażnić rozdrażniać
to cause or induce displeasure or irritation

is /aɪz/ /ɘz/ /ɪz/ v
jest
third-person singular of "be"

is it safe here phraseologicalUnit
jest tu bezpieczny?
is it safe here?

is that so phraseologicalUnit
doprawdy?
really

isentropic adj
izentropowy
having a constant entropy

isinglass /ˈaɪzɪŋɡlæs/ /ˈaɪzɪŋɡlɑːs/ n
karuk
gelatine obtained from fish

island /ˈaɪ̯lənd/ n
wyspa
area of land completely surrounded by water
entity surrounded by other entities that are very different from itself

island state n
państwo wyspiarskie
state consisting of one or more islands

islander /ˈaɪləndə/ /ˈaɪləndɚ/ n
wyspiarz wyspiarka
person who lives on an island

islet /ˈaɪ.lət/ n
wysepka
small island

isn't /ˈɪzənt/ v
nie jest nie ma
is not

isn't it so phraseologicalUnit
czyż nie
isn't it so?

isobar n
izobara
A line on a map connecting places of equal pressures

isocost n
izokoszta
curve

isogloss /ˈaɪsə(ʊ̆)ɡlɒs/ /ˈaɪsəɡlɑs/ n
izoglosa
line indicating geographical boundaries of a linguistic feature

isohyet n
izohieta
a line of equal or constant rainfall on a graph or chart

isohypse n
poziomica
A line on a map connecting points of equal height.

isolation /ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən/ n
izolacja odosobnienie
state of being isolated

isolator n
izolator

isomer /ˈaɪ.sə.mə/ /ˈaɪ.sə.mɚ/ n
izomer
chemistry: compounds
physics: atomic nuclei

isomerase /aɪˈsɑməˌɹeɪs/ /aɪˈsɒməˌɹeɪz/ n
izomeraza
enzyme for the conversion of isomeric forms

isometric /ˌaɪ.soʊˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ /ˌaɪ.səʊˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ adj
izometryczny
exhibiting equality in dimensions

isomorphic /ˌaɪ.soʊˈmɔɹ.fɪk/ /ˌaɪ.səˈmɔː.fɪk/ adj
izomorficzny
(mathematics) related by an isomorphism

isopentane n
izopentan
aliphatic hydrocarbon: 2-methylbutane

isopod n
równonóg
crustacean of the order Isopoda

isoprene n
izopren
isoprene

isoquant n
izokwanta
line of equal or constant economic production

isosceles /aɪˈsɒsəliːz/ adj
równoramienny
having two sides of equal length, used especially of an isosceles triangle

isothermic adj
izotermiczny
during which the temperature remains constant
of equal or constant temperature with respect to space, volume, or pressure

isotonic adj
izotoniczny
having the same osmotic pressure

isotope /ˈaɪ.sə.toʊp/ /ˈaɪ.sə.təʊp/ n
izotop
atoms of the same element having a different number of neutrons

isotopic adj
izotopowy
relating to isotopes

isotropic adj
izotropowy
having properties which are equivalent in all directions

issuance n
wydanie
act of issuing

issue /ˈɪsjuː/ /ˈɪʃ(j)u/ n
problem
problem or concern

isthmus /ˈɪs.məs/ n
przesmyk
narrow strip of land

it /ɘt/ /ət/ /ɪt/ pronoun
to ono
subject — inanimate thing

it ain't over 'til the fat lady sings proverb
dopóki piłka w grze, wszystko jest możliwe
there are more developments yet to come

it is easy to find a stick to beat a dog proverb
jak się chce psa uderzyć, kij się znajdzie
The one who wants to blame someone can always find an error in him

it never rains but it pours proverb
nieszczęścia chodzą parami
unfortunate events occur in quantity

it takes two to tango proverb
do tanga trzeba dwojga
some things need the active cooperation of two parties

it's a small world phraseologicalUnit
jaki ten świat mały
phrase used when meeting an acquaintance or personal connection in an unexpected place or context

it's all Greek to me /ɪts ˌɔːl ˈɡɹiːk tə ˌmiː/ phraseologicalUnit
to dla mnie chińszczyzna
I don't understand any of this

it's raining phraseologicalUnit
pada deszcz
it's raining

it's snowing phraseologicalUnit
pada śnieg
it's snowing

it's too expensive phraseologicalUnit
to jest za drogo
it's too expensive

itch /ɪt͡ʃ/ n
swędzenie świerzbienie świąd
a sensation felt on an area of the skin that causes a person or animal to want to scratch

itch /ɪt͡ʃ/ v
swędzieć świerzbić
to feel the need to scratch

item /ˈaɪtəm/ [ˈaɪ̯ɾəm] n
przedmiot rzecz artykuł obiekt sztuka
distinct physical object

iterative /ˈɪtəɹətɪv/ adj
iteracyjny
of a procedure that involves repetition

itinerary /aɪˈtɪnəɹi/ /aɪˈtɪnəɹɛɹi/ n
plan podróży trasa podróży
route or proposed route of a journey

its /ɪts/ pronoun
jego jej swój ów
that which belongs to it

itself /ɪtˈsɛlf/ pronoun
ono samo
(emphatic) it
się
(reflexive) it

ivory /ˈaɪvəɹi/ n
kość słoniowa
material
colour

ivory gull n
mewa modrodzioba
Pagophila eburnea

ivory tower /ˈaɪvəɹi ˈtaʊə/ /ˈaɪvəɹi ˈtaʊɚ/ n
wieża z kości słoniowej
overly-academic perspective

ivy /ˈaɪvi/ n
bluszcz
plant

jabber /ˈdʒæbə(ɹ)/ n
bełkot gadanina
gibberish

jabber /ˈdʒæbə(ɹ)/ v
bełkotać paplać trajkotać
to gabble

jabot /ˈʒæ.bəʊ/ n
żabot
a cascading or ornamental frill down the front of a blouse

jacamar n
złotopiór
any of various insectivorous tropical birds of the family Galbulidae

jacinth /ˈdʒæ.sɪnθ/ n
hiacynt
a gemstone

jack /dʒæk/ n
lewar
device for raising and supporting a heavy object
walet
playing card

jack shit pronoun
chuj gówno ni cholery ni chuja
(vulgar) nothing, anything

jack-o'-lantern /ˈdʒæk.oʊˌlæn.tɚn/ /ˈdʒæk.əʊˌlæn.tən/ n
latarnia z dyni
carved pumpkin

jackal /ˈdʒækəl/ n
szakal
wild canine

jackass n
osioł
male donkey
foolish or stupid person

jackdaw /ˈdʒækˌdɔ/ /ˈdʒækˌdɔː/ n
kawka
Coloeus monedula

jacket /ˈd͡ʒæk.ɪt/ /ˈd͡ʒækɪt/ n
kurtka
piece of clothing worn on the upper body outside a shirt or blouse

jackfruit n
drzewo bochenkowe
jackfruit tree
dżakfrut
the fruit

jackhammer n
młot pneumatyczny
portable percussive drill device

jacuzzi /dʒəˈkuːzi/ n
jacuzzi
jacuzzi

jade /d͡ʒeɪd/ n
żad
gem
chabeta szkapa
old horse

jadeite /ˈdʒeɪdaɪt/ n
jadeit
mineral

jaggery n
jaggery
traditional unrefined sugar

jaguar /ˈdʒæɡjuːɑː/ /ˈdʒæɡjuːə/ /ˈdʒæɡwɑɹ/ n
jaguar
Panthera onca

jailer n
strażniczka więzienna strażnik więzienny
one who guards inmates

jalopy /dʒəˈlɒ.pi/ n
gruchot
old, dilapidated car

jam /ˈdʒæm/ /ˈdʒæːm/ n
dżem powidło
sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar

jamb /dʒæm/ n
węgar węgarek
vertical component that form the side of an opening in a wall

janissary /ˈdʒanɪzəɹi/ /ˈdʒænəˌzeɹi/ n
janczarz janczar
former Turkish soldier

janitor /ˈd͡ʒænɪtə/ /ˈd͡ʒænɪtɚ/ n
woźna woźny
caretaker

janitress n
woźna
a female janitor

jar /dʒɐː/ /dʒɑɹ/ /dʒɑː/ n
słoik słój
small, approximately cylindrical container

jargon /ˈdʒɑɹ.ɡən/ /ˈdʒɑː.ɡən/ n
żargon
language characteristic of a particular group
technical terminology unique to a particular subject

jasmine /ˈdʒæzmɪn/ n
jaśmin
plant of genus Jasminum
perfume

jasper /ˈdʒæspə/ n
jaspis
precious stone

jaundice /ˈdʒɔndɪs/ /ˈdʒɔːndɪs/ n
żółtaczka
morbid condition

javelin /ˈdʒævlɪn/ n
oszczep
spear used as a weapon
spear used in athletic competition

javelin throw n
rzut oszczepem
athletic event where a javelin is thrown

javelin thrower n
oszczepniczka oszczepnik
athlete who competes in the javelin throw

jaw /d͡ʒɔ/ /d͡ʒɔː/ n
szczęka żuchwa czeluść
bone of the jaw

jaw-dropping /ˈd͡ʒɔ ˌdɹɑpɪŋ/ /ˈd͡ʒɔː ˌdɹɒpɪŋ/ adj
zadziwiający zaskakujący
causing great awe or surprise

jay /dʒeɪ/ n
sójka
bird
jot
name of the letter J, j

jazz /d͡ʒæz/ n
bzdura
Nonsense
świetny
Of excellent quality, the genuine article
różne takie
Unspecified thing(s)
jazz dżez
musical art form
cała reszta
the (in)tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a thing

jazz /d͡ʒæz/ v
dżezować jazzować
to play jazz music

jazz band n
dżezbend jazz-band jazzband
group of musicians who play jazz music

jazzily adv
jazzowo
In a jazzy way

jazzist n
dżezista jazzista
A jazz musician

jazzman n
dżezmen jazzman
A male member of a jazz band

jealous /ˈdʒɛləs/ adj
zazdrosny
suspecting rivalry in love; fearful of being replaced, in position or in affection
envious; feeling resentful of someone for a perceived advantage, material or otherwise

jealousy /ˈdʒɛləsi/ n
zazdrość
jealous attitude (e.g. fear of infidelity)

jeans /d͡ʒiːnz/ n
dżinsy jeansy teksasy
denim trousers

jeep /dʒiːp/ n
dżip
vehicle

jeer /dʒɪə/ /dʒɪɹ/ v
kpić wyśmiewać
to scoff or mock

jejunum /dʒiːˈdʒuːnəm/ n
jelito czcze
central of the three divisions of the small intestine

jellyfish /ˈdʒɛliˌfɪʃ/ n
meduza
aquatic animal

jerk off v
walić konia trzepać gruchę
to masturbate

jerrycan /ˈd͡ʒɛɹiˌkæn/ n
kanister
pressed-steel fuel container

jersey /ˈdʒɜːzi/ /ˈdʒɝzi/ n
dżersej
garment knitted from wool, worn over the upper body

jester /ˈdʒɛs.tə/ /ˈdʒɛs.tɚ/ n
błazen
one who jests

jet /dʒɛt/ n
gagat
coal

jet /dʒɛt/ v
wytrysnąć
to spray with liquid, to gush, to spurt

jet engine n
silnik odrzutowy
an engine that develops thrust by ejecting a jet, especially a jet of gaseous combustion products

jet pack n
jet pack
Equipment worn on the back for vertical thrust

jet plane n
odrzutowiec samolot odrzutowy
an airplane that is powered by a jet engine

jet-black n
kruczoczarny
the blackest black

jettison /ˈdʒɛtɪsn̩/ /ˈdʒɛɾəsən/ /ˈdʒɛɾɪsn̩/ n
balast
collectively, items that have been or are about to be ejected from a boat or balloon

jewel /dʒul/ /ˈdʒuːəl/ n
klejnot perła skarb
anything considered precious or valuable
klejnot kamień szlachetny
gemstone
klejnot
valuable object for ornamentation

jeweler /ˈdʒu(ə)lɚ/ /ˈdʒuːələ/ n
jubiler
a person whose job is making, repairing or selling jewelry

jewellery /ˈdʒuːələɹi/ /ˈdʒuːəlɹi/ n
biżuteria
personal ornamentation

jiffy /ˈd͡ʒɪ.fi/ n
chwilka
very short, unspecified length of time

jigsaw puzzle n
puzzle układanka
type of puzzle

jihad /dʒəˈhɑːd/ /dʒɪˈhɑːd/ n
dżihad
holy war undertaken by Muslims
personal spiritual struggle

jihadist n
mudżahedin
one who participates in a jihad

jimsonweed n
bieluń
Datura stramonium

jingle bell n
bubieniec
bell

jinn n
dżin
spirit

jinx /dʒɪŋks/ v
zapeszyć
To bring bad luck to

job /d͡ʒɑb/ /d͡ʒɒb/ n
praca
economic role for which a person is paid
praca zadanie zajęcie
task

jockey /ˈdʒɒki/ n
dżokej
one who rides racehorses competitively

jockstrap n
suspensorium
an athletic supporter

jocular /ˈdʒɑkjəlɚ/ /ˈdʒɒkjʊlə/ adj
żartobliwy
humorous, amusing, joking

jog /dʒɑɡ/ /dʒɒɡ/ n
uprawiać jogging
energetic trot

jogging /ˈdʒɑ.ɡɪŋ/ /ˈdʒɒ.ɡɪŋ/ n
jogging
form of exercise

joie de vivre /ˌʒwɑ də ˈvivɹə/ /ˌʒwɑː də ˈviːvɹə/ n
radość życia
enjoyment of living, zest for life

join /ˈdʒɔɪn/ v
przystąpić przystępować wstąpić wstępować
to become a member of
połączyć łączyć
to combine more than one item into one; to put together
dołączyć dołączyć się przyłączyć się
to come into the company of
połączyć się łączyć się
to come together; to meet

join the club phraseologicalUnit
witaj w klubie
expression of sympathy

joiner /ˈdʒɔɪnə/ /ˈdʒɔɪnɚ/ n
stolarz
maker of wooden furniture

joinery n
zakład stolarski
factory producing wooden products

joint /dʒɔɪnt/ n
joint dżoint skręt
marijuana cigarette
staw
part of the body where bones join
złącze
point of a rigid joint, means of joining in carpentry

joint venture n
wspólne przedsięwzięcie
a cooperative business partnership

joint-stock company n
SA spółka akcyjna
company with transferable ownership and limited shareholder liability

jointly adv
razem wspólnie
together

joke /dʒoʊk/ /dʒəʊk/ n
dowcip kawał żart
amusing story
something said or done for amusement
dowcip
the root issue
żart
worthless thing or person

joke /dʒoʊk/ /dʒəʊk/ v
żartować
do for amusement

joker /ˈdʒoʊkɚ/ /ˈdʒəʊkə/ n
żartowniś dowcipniś
person who makes jokes
dżoker joker
playing card

jostle /ˈdʒɑ.səl/ /ˈdʒɒs.əl/ v
trącać trącić
bump into or brush against while in motion

jot /dʒɑt/ /dʒɒt/ n
jota
iota

jot /dʒɑt/ /dʒɒt/ v
skrobnąć
to write quickly

joule /dʒuːl/ n
dżul
derived unit of energy, work and heat

journal /ˈdʒɜɹnəl/ [ˈdʒɜː.nəɫ] [ˈdʒɝ.nəɫ] n
dziennik log rejestr zdarzeń
computing: a chronological record of changes made to a database or other system
diariusz dziennik
diary or daily record

journalism /ˈdʒɜːn(ə)lɪzəm/ /ˈdʒɝnl̩ˌɪzəm/ n
dziennikarstwo
activity or profession of being a journalist

journalist /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ /ˈdʒɝnəlɪst/ n
dziennikarz dziennikarka
one whose occupation or profession is journalism
reporter

journalistic adj
dziennikarski
related to journalism or journalists

journey /ˈd͡ʒɜːni/ /ˈd͡ʒɝni/ n
podróż
trip, a voyage

journeyman /ˈdʒɜːnimən/ /ˈdʒɝnimən/ n
czeladnik
tradesman who has served an apprenticeship

jovial /ˈdʒoʊ.vɪ.əl/ /ˈdʒəʊ.vɪ.əl/ adj
jowialny wesoły
cheerful and good-humoured

joy /dʒɔɪ/ n
radość uciecha
feeling of happiness

joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfəl/ adj
radosny
feeling or causing joy

joypad n
joypad
controller

joystick n
dżojstik
mechanical control device

jubilantly /ˈdʒuː.bɪ.lənt.li/ adv
radośnie tryumfalnie
with jubilation or triumph

jubilee /dʒuːbɪˈliː/ n
jubileusz
special anniversary

judder /ˈdʒʌdə/ /ˈdʒʌdɚ/ n
wstrząs
a spasmodic shaking

judge /d͡ʒʌd͡ʒ/ n
sędzia
public judicial official
sports official
someone deciding another's fate

judgement day n
dzień sądu
Last Judgement

judgment /ˈdʒʌdʒ.mənt/ n
postępowanie proces
(law) act of determining what is conformable to law
osądzanie
act of judging
osąd sąd
conclusion or result of judging
rozeznanie rozsądek wyczucie
power or faculty of making a judgment

judicious /dʒuˈdɪʃ.əs/ adj
rozsądny roztropny rozważny
having or characterized by good judgment or sound thinking

judo /ˈdʒudoʊ/ /ˈdʒuːdəʊ/ n
judo dżudo
Japanese martial art

judoka /d͡ʒuːˈdəʊkə/ n
dżudoka dżudoczka
practitioner of judo

jug /d͡ʒʌɡ/ n
dzban dzbanek gąsior
serving vessel

juggler /ˈd͡ʒʌɡl̩ə(ɹ)/ n
żongler
person who practices juggling

juggling /ˈdʒʌɡəlɪŋ/ n
żonglowanie
moving of objects in an artful manner

jugular /ˈdʒʌɡ.jʊ.lə/ /ˈdʒʌɡ.jʊ.lɚ/ adj
szyjny
relating to the neck or throat

jugular vein n
żyła szyjna
vein leading blood down from the head

juice /d͡ʒus/ /d͡ʒuːs/ n
sok
beverage made of juice
liquid from a plant
liquid resembling juice
paliwo
slang: fuel

juicer /ˈdʒusɚ/ n
sokowirówka wyciskarka do owoców
device

juicy /ˈdʒusi/ adj
soczysty
containing juice
exciting, interesting

jukebox /ˈdʒukbɑks/ /ˈdʒuːkbɒks/ n
jukebox szafa grająca
a coin-operated machine that plays recorded music

jumbotron n
telebim
a large video screen, usually outdoors

jump /dʒʌmp/ n
skok
instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location

jump /dʒʌmp/ v
skakać skoczyć
cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall downward
employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location
podskoczyć
react to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body violently

jump down someone's throat v
skakać sobie do gardeł
criticise with excessive and unexpected harshness

jump rope /dʒʌmp ɹəʊp/ n
skakanka
game or activity

jumper /dʒʌmpə/ /dʒʌmpɚ/ n
zworka
removable connecting pin (electronics)
skoczek
someone or something that jumps
sweter
woolen sweater or pullover

jungle /ˈdʒʌŋ.ɡ(ə)l/ n
dżungla
large, undeveloped, humid forest
colloquial: place where people behave ruthlessly

jungle gym n
małpi gaj
play structure

junior /ˈdʒunjəɹ/ /ˈdʒuːnɪə/ adj
młodszy
younger

juniper /ˈdʒunɪpə/ /ˈdʒunɪpɚ/ n
jałowiec
shrub or tree of the genus Juniperus

juniper berry n
szyszkojagoda
female seed cone of a juniper

junk /dʒʌŋk/ n
śmieci
rubbish, waste
dżonka
Chinese sailing vessel

junkie /ˈdʒʌŋki/ n
ćpun narkoman
drug addict

jurisdiction /d͡ʒʊəɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/ /d͡ʒʊɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/ n
jurysdykcja
the power, right, or authority to interpret and apply the law

jurisprudence /ˈdʒʊəɹɪsˌpɹuːdəns/ n
prawoznawstwo jurysprudencja nauki prawne
the philosophy, science and study of law and decisions

jurist /ˈdʒəɹ.ɪst/ /ˈdʒʊəɹ.ɪst/ n
prawnik jurysta
expert in law

juristic act n
czynność prawna
legal conduct

juror /ˈdʒʊəɹəɹ/ n
przysięgła przysięgły
jury member

jury /ˈd͡ʒʊə.ɹi/ n
sąd przysięgłych ława przysięgłych
group in a court of law
jury
group of judges in a competition

just /d͡ʒʌst/ adj
dokładny
factually fair, correct
sprawiedliwy
morally fair, righteous

just /d͡ʒʌst/ adv
dokładnie
exactly, precisely, perfectly
tylko po prostu
only, simply, merely
dopiero co właśnie dopiero ledwo
recently

just in case /ˌdʒʌst ɪn ˈkeɪs/ conjunction
na wszelki wypadek
in the event

just now adv
właśnie akurat dopiero co ledwo co przed chwilą
very close to the present moment

just the same adv
a jednak i tak
despite

justice /ˈdʒʌs.tɪs/ n
sędzia
a judge of certain courts
sprawiedliwość
fairness, especially with regard to punishment
state of being just or fair
judgment and punishment of who wronged another
the civil power dealing with law
correctness

justification /ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
usprawiedliwienie uzasadnienie
reason, explanation, or excuse
justyfikacja
text alignment

justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ v
wyjustować
arrange lines on a page or computer screen
usprawiedliwiać
give a good, acceptable reason for something
provide an acceptable explanation

jut /dʒʌt/ v
wystawać
to stick out

jute /dʒuːt/ n
juta
fiber of Corchorus olitorius

juvenile /ˈdʒuːvənaɪl/ adj
dziecinny
characteristic of youth or immaturity
małoletni młodociany młody
young; not fully developed

juvenile /ˈdʒuːvənaɪl/ n
nieletni
person younger than the age of majority

juxtaposition /ˌdʒʌk.stə.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ n
porównanie zestawienie

kaddish /ˈkadɪʃ/ /ˈkɑdɪʃ/ n
kadisz
Jewish prayer

kafir /ˈkɑːfɪə/ n
kafir
infidel, non-Muslim

kaftan /ˈkæf.tæn/ /ˈkæf.tən/ n
kaftan
long tunic worn in the Eastern Mediterranean

kalach n
kołacz
traditional East Slavic bread (or its equivalent)

kale /keɪl/ n
jarmuż
edible plant: Brassica oleracea acephala

kaleidoscope /kəˈlaɪdəˌskoʊp/ n
kalejdoskop
tube of mirrors rotated to produce symmetrical designs
constantly changing set

kalokagathia n
kalokagatia
harmonious combination of bodily, moral and spiritual virtues

kana /ˈkɑːnə/ n
kana
Japanese syllabaries

kangaroo /kaŋ.ɡəˈɹuː/ /ˌkæŋ.ɡəˈɹu/ n
kangur kangurzyca
marsupial

kaolin /ˈkeɪ.ə.lɪn/ n
kaolin
clay

kaolinite n
kaolinit
Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄

kaon /ˈkeɪˌɑn/ n
kaon
K-meson

kapo n
kapo
prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp

karaoke /kɑːɹɑːˌokeɪ/ /ˈkæ.ɹiˌəʊ.ki/ /ˌkæ.ɹiˈoʊ.ki/ n
karaoke
a form of entertainment

karate /kəˈɹɑː.ti/ n
karate
martial art

karma /ˈkɑɹmə/ [ˈkɑɹ.mə] [ˈkɑː.mə] [ˈkəɾm(ə)] n
karma karman
the total effect of a person’s actions and conduct during the successive phases of his existence

kasha /ˈkɑʃə/ n
kasza kasza gryczana
porridge

katabasis /kəˈtæbəsɪs/ n
katabasis katabaza
journey downwards

katakana /ˌkætəˈkænə/ n
katakana
Japanese syllabary

katal n
katal
derived unit of catalytic activity

katana /kəˈtɑnə/ n
katana
type of Japanese longsword

katorga n
katorga
penal servitude in a Russian or Soviet labour camp

kay n
ka
name of the letter K, k

kayak /ˈkaɪˌæk/ n
kajak
a type of small boat

kazoo /kə.ˈzuː/ n
kazoo mirliton
a simple musical instrument consisting of a pipe with a hole in it

kebab /kəˈbæb/ /kɪˈbæb/ /kɪˈbɑb/ n
kebab
kebab

keen on adj
interesować się, lubić
fond of; appreciative of

keep it up v
tak trzymaj
To maintain or continue a positive streak.

keep one's cool v
zachować zimną krew
to remain composed, calm

keep one's fingers crossed v
trzymać kciuki
hope for the best

keep quiet v
milczeć
remain silent

keep someone company v
dotrzymywać towarzystwa
remain with someone

keep the change phraseologicalUnit
reszty nie trzeba
instruction to keep the change

keeper /ˈkiːpə/ /ˈkiːpɚ/ n
strażnik
guard, custodian

keepsake /ˈkiːp.seɪk/ n
pamiątka
object retained in memory of something or someone

kefir /kəˈfɪə(ɹ)/ n
kefir
fermented milk

kelpie n
kelpie australiano
sheepdog

kelvin /ˈkɛlvən/ n
kelwin
SI temperature unit

kennel /ˈkɛnəl/ n
buda
shelter

kenosis /kɪˈnəʊsɪs/ n
kenoza
Christ's voluntary abasement

kepi /ˈkɛpi/ n
kepi
cap with a flat circular top

kept woman n
utrzymanka
woman supported financially by a lover

keratin n
keratyna
protein that hair and nails are made of

keratoconus n
stożek rogówki
A degenerative disorder of the eye

keraunophobia n
brontofobia

kerb /kɜːb/ /kɝb/ n
krawężnik
edge between pavement and roadway

kerchief /ˈkɜː.tʃɪf/ /ˈkɝ.tʃɪf/ n
chustka
piece of cloth

kernel /ˈkɜːnəl/ /ˈkɝnəl/ n
pestka
(US) stone of certain fruits, such as peaches or plums
jądro
(computing) central part of many computer operating systems
(mathematics, algebra) set of elements mapped to zero
rdzeń sedno trzon
core or essence of an object or system
ziarno
single seed of corn or wheat

kerosene /ˈkɛɹəsiːn/ n
nafta
thin, colorless fuel

kestrel /ˈkɛstɹəl/ n
pustułka
Falco tinnunculus
sokół
any small falcon of genus Falco

ketchup /ˈkɛtʃ.əp/ n
keczup ketchup
tomato-vinegar based sauce

ketone n
keton
organic chemicals with the >CO functional group

kettle /ˈkɛ.təl/ /ˈkɪtl̩/ n
czajnik kocioł
vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food

kettlebell n
giria
a kind of weight

key /ki/ /kiː/ [ˈkʲʰiː] adj
kluczowy klucz
important
indispensable

key /ki/ /kiː/ [ˈkʲʰiː] n
klawisz
button on a typewriter or computer keyboard
part of a piano or musical keyboard
klucz
device designed to open and close a lock
cryptography: piece of information used to encode or decode
crucial step
computing: field in a record used as a search argument
computing: value uniquely identifying entry in associative array
computing: field of a database constrained to be unique
device used to transmit Morse code
tonacja klucz
scale of musical notes
klucz legenda
small guide explaining symbols or terminology

key /ki/ /kiː/ [ˈkʲʰiː] v
wprowadzać
computing: enter (information)

key fob n
brelok
item carried on a key ring

key logger n
rejestrator klawiszy
software or hardware designed to record keystrokes

keyboard /ˈkibɔɹd/ /ˈkiːbɔːd/ n
klawiatura
set of keys used to operate a typewriter, computer etc.
electronic device with keys of a musical keyboard
component of many instruments

keyboard shortcut n
skrót klawiszowy
key or a combination of keys

keychain n
brelok breloczek
chain or ring

keyhole n
dziurka od klucza
a hole to lock/unlock with a key

keystone /ˈkiː.stəʊn/ n
zwornik klucz filar podstawa
the top stone of an arch

keyword n
słowo kluczowe
programming: A reserved word used to identify a specific command, function etc.
słowo klucz
word used as a key to a code

khachapuri /hɑːtʃəˈpuɹi/ /hɑːtʃəˈpuːɹi/ n
chaczapuri
cheese pastry from Georgia

khachkar /χɑt͡ʃʰˈkʰɑɾ/ n
chaczkar
Armenian carved memorial stone

khagan n
kagan
title of imperial rank

khaltura n
chałtura
black-market work
low-quality work

khan /kʰɑːn/ n
chan kagan
a ruler over various Turkic, Tatar and Mongol peoples in the Middle Ages

khanate /ˈkɑːneɪt/ n
chanat
place ruled by a khan

khanjar /ˈkand͡ʒə/ n
handżar
Arabian dagger

khat n
czuwaliczka jadalna
shrub (Catha edulis)

khene /kɛːn/ n
khaen
traditional musical instrument of Laos

khinkali n
chinkali
A Georgian dish

kholop n
chołop chłop
a feudally dependent person in Russia between the 10th and early 18th centuries

khorovod n
korowód
a Slavic dance

khural n
churał
parliament or national congress in Mongolia

khutor /ˈxuːtɔː(ɹ)/ n
chutor
a single-homestead rural settlement of Eastern Europe

kibbutz /kɪˈbʊts/ n
kibuc
a community

kibitka /kɪˈbɪtkə/ n
kibitka
carriage or sleigh

kick /kɪk/ n
kopnięcie wykop kop
hit or strike with the leg or foot

kick /kɪk/ v
kopać kopnąć
strike with or raise the foot or leg
direct to a particular place by a blow with the foot or leg

kick ass v
dać popalić dać w ryj dać łupnia pobić powalić przemóc
to beat someone in a fight

kick the bucket /ˈkɪk ðə ˈbʌkɪt/ v
kopnąć w kalendarz kopnąć w kalendarz (to kick the calendar) odwalić kitę wyciągnąć kopyta
to die

kick-off n
rozpoczęcie meczu rozpoczęcie spotkania
opening kick in football

kid /kɪd/ n
dzieciak
child (colloq.)
young person (colloq.)
koźlę
young goat

kidnap n
porwanie uprowadzenie
an instance of kidnapping

kidnap v
porywać uprowadzać porwać uprowadzić
to seize and detain a person unlawfully

kidnapper /ˈkɪdnæpɚ/ n
porywacz
one who performs kidnap

kidney /ˈkɪdni/ n
nerka
an organ in the body
cynaderka nerka
food

kidney stone n
kamień nerkowy
calculus in the kidney

kidney vetch n
przelot
Anthyllis vulneraria

kike n
Icek parch żydek
offensive: Jew

kikimora n
kikimora
a female house spirit

kill /kɪl/ n
zabójstwo
act of killing

kill /kɪl/ v
zabijać zabić dobić
put to death

kill the goose that lays the golden eggs v
zabić kurę znoszącą złote jajka
to seek short term gain at the sacrifice of long term profit

kill time v
zabić czas
make time seem to pass more quickly by doing nothing important

kill two birds with one stone v
upiec dwie pieczenie na jednym ogniu
solve two problems at once

killer /ˈkɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈkɪlɚ/ n
morderca zabójca
murderer
zabójca
person who kills

killer whale n
orka
A sea mammal, Orcinus orca

kiln /kɪl(n)/ n
piec do wypalania cegły suszarnia
oven, furnace or heated chamber

kilo- prefix
kilo-
prefix

kilogram /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/ n
kilogram kilo
unit of mass equal to 1000 grams

kilometrage n
kilometraż
kilometrage

kilometre /kəˈlɑmɪtəɹ/ /ˈkɪləˌmiːtə/ n
kilometr
unit of measure

kilowatt-hour n
kilowatogodzina
unit of energy

kimono /kəˈmoʊnoʊ/ n
kimono
traditional Japanese clothing

kinase /ˈkɪneɪz/ n
kinaza
enzyme that transfers phosphate groups

kind /kaɪnd/ adj
miły
affectionate, nice

kind /kaɪnd/ n
rodzaj typ
character or nature
rodzaj typ rasa
type, race, category

kind of adv
coś jakby coś w stylu jakby jakoby na kształt niejako
somewhat

kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɹˌɡɑːɹt(ə)n/ /ˈkɪndəˌɡɑːt(ə)n/ n
przedszkole dzieciniec
educational institution for young children, usually between ages 4 and 6

kindergartner n
przedszkolanka
a person who teaches at a kindergarten
przedszkolak
child who attends a kindergarten

kindness /ˈkaɪndnɪs/ n
dobroć łaskawość życzliwość
being kind

kinetic /kɪˈnɛtɪk/ adj
kinetyczny
relating to motion

king /kiŋ/ /kɪŋ/ n
król
a male of a royal family who is the supreme ruler of his nation
a playing card with the image of a king in it
a playing piece in chess

king cake /kɪŋ keɪk/ n
ciasto Trzech Króli
cake eaten on Epiphany

king cobra n
kobra królewska
Ophiophagus hannah

king of beasts /ˈkɪŋ əv ˈbiːsts/ n
król zwierząt
the lion

king penguin n
pingwin królewski
Aptenodytes patagonicus

kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n
królestwo
realm having as supreme ruler a king and/or queen
taxonomic division, below Domain and above Phylum

kingfisher /ˈkɪŋfɪʃə/ n
zimorodek
any of various birds of the suborder Alcedines

kinglet n
mysikrólik
a bird of the crest family
królik
a petty king

kinky /ˈkɪŋ.ki/ adj
kudłaty
full of kinks

kiosk /ˈkiˌɑsk/ /ˈkiːˌɒsk/ n
kiosk
enclosed structure where cigarettes, magazines, etc are sold
automat
unattended stand

kippah n
jarmułka kipa
skullcap

kirsch n
wiśniówka
clear brandy

kisel n
kisiel
dessert

kiskadee n
bentewi
species of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family

kismet /ˈkɪz.mɛt/ n
los przeznaczenie
fate; a predetermined or unavoidable destiny

kiss /kɪs/ n
pocałunek całus
touch with the lips

kiss /kɪs/ v
całować się całować
to touch each other’s lips
całować pocałować
to touch with the lips

kiss me phraseologicalUnit
pocałuj mnie
kiss me

kitchen /ˈkɪt͡ʃən/ n
kuchnia
room

kitchenette n
aneks kuchenny
small kitchen

kite /kaɪt/ n
gryps
(prison slang) concealed letter
kania
bird of prey of the family Accipitridae
latawiec
lightweight toy
deltoid
quadrilateral

kitsch /kɪtʃ/ adj
kiczowaty
of questionable aesthetic value

kitsch /kɪtʃ/ n
kicz
kitsch

kitschy /ˈkɪtʃi/ adj
kiczowaty
having the nature of kitsch

kitten /ˈkɪtən/ [ˈkɪ.ʔn̩] n
kociak kotek kocię
a young cat

kitten heel n
kaczuszka
short, slender heel

kitty /ˈkɪti/ n
kotek
kitten, small cat

kitty-cat n
kiciuś
cat

kiwi /ˈkiːwi/ n
kiwi
bird

kiwi fruit n
kiwi
fruit

klaxon /ˈklæks(ə)n/ n
klakson
loud electric horn or alarm

kleptomania /ˌklɛptəˈmeɪni.ə/ n
kleptomania
disorder that causes an uncontrollable obsessions with stealing

klipspringer /ˈklɪpˌsprɪŋə/ /ˈklɪpˌsprɪŋər/ n
koziołek skalny
Oreotragus oreotragus

klutz /klʌts/ n
ciamajda fajtłapa oferma
a clumsy or stupid person

knack /næk/ n
żyłka
A readiness in performance; aptness at doing something; skill; facility; dexterity

knacker /ˈnakə/ /ˈnækɚ/ n
rakarz
one who separates animals for reuse

knave /neɪv/ n
walet
playing card

knead /niːd/ v
gnieść
to work and press into a mass

kneading trough n
dzieża
trough in which dough is kneaded

knee /kniː/ /ni/ /niː/ n
kolano
joint in the middle of the leg and area around it
part of a garment

knee pad n
nakolannik
protection for a knee

knee sock n
podkolanówka zakolanówka
a sock that reaches almost up to the knee

kneecap n
rzepka
bone

kneel /niːl/ v
klęczeć
to stoop down and rest on the knee

knell /nɛl/ n
podzwonne
sound of a bell knelling

knell /nɛl/ v
bić w dzwon dzwonić
to ring a bell slowly
to signal or proclaim something by ringing a bell

knick-knack /ˈnɪkˌnæk/ n
bibelot
a small ornament of minor value

knife /naɪf/ n
nóż
utensil or tool designed for cutting
any blade-like part designed for cutting
weapon

knight /naɪt/ n
skoczek konik koń
chess piece
rycerz kawaler
person on whom a knighthood has been conferred
rycerz raciądz
warrior, especially of the Middle Ages

knight /naɪt/ v
nadać rangę kawalerską pasować na rycerza
to confer a knighthood upon

knight-errant n
błędny rycerz
knight

knish /kəˈnɪʃ/ n
knysz
an Eastern European Jewish, or Yiddish, snack food

knit /ˈnɪt/ v
dziać robić na drutach
to make fabric from thread or yarn

knitting needle n
drut
thin rod used to knit yarn

knob /nɑb/ /nɒb/ n
gałka
rounded protuberance, handle, or control switch

knock /nɑk/ /nɒk/ n
puknięcie stuk stuknięcie stukot
abrupt rapping sound

knock /nɑk/ /nɒk/ v
pukać stukać zapukać zastukać
to rap one's knuckles against something

knock down v
obalić powalić zbić zwalić
hit or knock (something) so that it falls

knock on wood /ˌnɑk ɑn ˈwʊd/ /ˌnɒk ɒn ˈwʊd/ v
odpukać w niemalowane drewno
to take a customary action to ward off misfortune

knock out v
powalić
render someone unconscious

knock-knock interjection
puk-puk
verbal knocking sound

knot /nɒt/ n
węzeł
looping
nautical unit of speed
mathematics closed curve

knotty adj
sękaty
Full of knots

knotweed n
rdest
Polygonum

knout /naʊt/ [nʌʊt] n
bicz knut nahajka
kind of whip

know /noʊ/ /nəʊ/ v
znać
be acquainted or familiar with
wiedzieć
be certain or sure about (something)
be informed about
wiedzieć znać
have knowledge of
znać się
understand (a subject)

know like the back of one's hand v
znać jak własną kieszeń
be intimately knowledgable about

know thyself proverb
poznaj samego siebie
be aware of both your strengths and limitations

know-it-all n
mądrala przemądrzalec mądraliński
someone who obnoxiously claims to be knowledgeable on a subject

knowledge /ˈnoʊlɪdʒ/ /ˈnɑlɪdʒ/ /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ n
świadomość wiedza
awareness, state of having been informed
wiedza
fact of knowing about something; understanding, familiarity with information
total of what is known, product of learning

knowledge is power proverb
wiedza to potęga
knowledge is power

knowledgeable /ˈnɑl.ɪd͡ʒ.ə.bəl/ adj
obeznany
having knowledge, especially of a particular subject

knuckle /ˈnʌkəl/ n
kłykieć
joint of the finger

koala /kəʊˈɑːlə/ n
koala
a tree-dwelling marsupial that resembles a small bear

kodkod n
kodkod
Leopardus guigna

kogel mogel /ˌkoʊ.ɡəlˈmoʊ.ɡəl/ n
kogel-mogel
egg-based dessert

kohlrabi /koʊlˈɹɑb.i/ /kəʊlˈɹɑː.bi/ n
kalarepa
cabbage variety

kokoshnik n
kokosznik
a traditional Russian headdress worn by women and girls

kolkhoz /kəlˈkɒz/ n
kołchoz
farming collective

kombu /ˈkɒmbuː/ n
kombu
edible kelp used in East Asian cuisine

kompromat n
hak haki kompromat
dirt, compromising material

kookaburra /ˈkʊkəˌbaɹə/ /ˈkʊkəˌbʌɹə/ n
kukabura
kingfishers

kopek n
kopiejka
one-hundredth of a ruble

kore /ˈkoɹeɪ/ /ˈkɔəɹeɪ/ n
kora
sculpture

korephilia /kɒɹɪˈfɪlɪə/ /ˌkɔɹɪˈfɪli.ə/ n
korefilia
woman’s erotic attraction toward young girls

koruna n
korona
currency

kosher /ˈkoʊʃəɹ/ /ˈkɔʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈkəʊʃə/ adj
koszerny
in accordance with Jewish law

koumiss /ˈkuːmɪs/ n
kumys
fermented drink

kozachok /kəˌzɑˈtʃɔk/ /ˌkazəˈtʃɒk/ n
kazaczok kozak
Ukrainian and Russian couple-dance

kroužek /ˈkɹəʊʒɛk/ n
kółko
kroužek diacritic

krypton /ˈkɹɪptɒn/ n
krypton
a chemical element

kudos /ˈkjuːdɒs/ /ˈkuː.doʊz/ n
chwała
praise, accolades

kulak /ˈkulæk/ /ˈkuːlak/ n
kułak
prosperous peasant

kumquat /ˈkʌmkwɑt/ /ˈkʌmkwɒt/ n
kumkwat
small orange fruit

kuna n
kuna
currency of Croatia

kurgan /kʊəˈɡɑːn/ n
kurhan
prehistoric burial mound

kurta n
kurta
Indian shirt

kvass /kvɑːs/ n
kwas chlebowy
traditional Slavic drink

kyat /kiˈ(j)ɑt/ /kiːˈɑːt/ n
kiat
unit of currency

kyphosis n
kifoza
abnormal curvature of the spine

la /lɑː/ n
la
syllable used in solfège to represent the sixth note of a major scale

label /ˈleɪbəl/ n
etykietka
name categorising someone as part of a group
metka etykieta nalepka
small ticket or sign giving information

label /ˈleɪbəl/ v
etykietować
give a label to in order to categorise
put a ticket or sign on

labellum /ləˈbɛl.əm/ n
warżka

labia /leɪbi.ə/ /læbi.ə/ n
wargi sromowe
folds of tissue at opening of vulva

labia majora n
wargi sromowe większe
outer folds of vulva

labia minora n
wargi sromowe mniejsze
(anatomy) the two inner folds of skin within the cleft of the labia majora

labial /ˈleɪ.bi.əl/ adj
wargowy
linguistics: articulated by the lips
pertaining to the lips

labialization n
labializacja
secondary articulatory feature

labile /ˈleɪbaɪl/ adj
labilny
liable to slip, err, fall or apostatize

labor market n
rynek pracy
market consisting of workers

labor-intensive adj
pracochłonny
requiring a great deal of work

laboratory /ləˈbɒɹət(ə)ɹiː/ /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ /ˈlæbɹəˌtɔɹi/ n
laboratorium
place where chemicals, drugs or microbes are prepared or manufactured
room, building or institution equipped for scientific research

laborer /ˈleɪ.bɚ.ɚ/ n
robotnik
One who uses body strength instead of intellectual power to earn a wage, usually hourly

laborious adj
mozolny pracochłonny
requiring much physical effort

labour /ˈleɪ.bə/ /ˈleɪ.bɚ/ n
poród
giving birth
robota
hard work
praca
work

labour /ˈleɪ.bə/ /ˈleɪ.bɚ/ v
pracować
to work

laburnum n
złotodeszcz złotokap
tree

labyrinth /ˈlab.(ə)ɹ.ɪnθ/ /ˈlæb.ɚ.ɪnθ/ n
labirynt
maze
anything complicated or confusing
błędnik labirynt
part of inner ear

lac /læk/ /lɑk/ /lɑːk/ n
lakier
a resinous substance

lace /leɪs/ n
koronka
fabric

lace /leɪs/ v
sznurować
fasten with laces

laceration /læsəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
rana szarpana
an irregular open wound caused by a blunt impact to soft tissue

lachanophobia /ˌlækənəˈfəʊbɪə/ n
lachanofobia
irrational fear of vegetables

laches /ˈlætʃɪz/ n
przedawnienie
legal doctrine

lachrymatory /ˈlækɹɪmətəɹi/ adj
łzawiący
causing tears

lack /lak/ /læk/ n
brak niedostatek
deficiency, need

lack /lak/ /læk/ v
brakować zabraknąć
be without, need, require

lackey /ˈlæ.ki/ n
lokaj
liveried male servant

laconic /ləˈkɑnɪk/ /ləˈkɒnɪk/ adj
lakoniczny
using as few words as possible

lacquer /ˈlæk.ə/ /ˈlæk.ɚ/ n
lakier
glossy, resinous material used as a surface coating

lacquerer n
lakiernik
one who lacquers

lacrosse /ləˈkɹɑs/ /ləˈkɹɒs/ /ləˈkɹɔs/ n
lacrosse
the sport

lactase n
laktaza
A β-galactosidase enzyme

lactic acid n
kwas mlekowy
2-hydroxy-propanoic acid (CH₃.CHOH.CO₂H)

lactone n
lakton
cyclic intramolecular ester

lactose /ˈlæk.toʊs/ /ˈlæk.təʊs/ n
laktoza
disaccharide sugar of milk and dairy products

lacustrine /ləˈkʌstɹɪn/ adj
jeziorny
of or relating to lakes

lacy /ˈleɪ.si/ adj
koronkowy
made of lace or decorated with it

lad /læd/ /ləd/ n
chłopak chłopiec
a boy

ladder /ˈladə/ /ˈlædɚ/ n
drabina
climbing tool

ladies and gentlemen n
panie i panowie
phrase used to address an audience of men and women

ladies first proverb
panie przodem
phrase encouraging gentlemanliness

ladle /ˈleɪ.dəl/ n
chochla
deep-bowled spoon with a long, usually curved, handle

lady /ˈleɪdi/ n
pani dama
polite term referring a woman
pani lady
wife of a lord
dama pani
woman of breeding and authority

lady's slipper n
obuwik pospolity
Cypripedium calceolus
obuwik
orchid of the subfamily Cypripedioideae

lady-in-waiting /ˌleɪdi ɪn ˈweɪtɪŋ/ /ˌleɪdɪ ɪn ˈweɪtɪŋ/ n
dama dworu
lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends he as a personal assistant

ladybird /ˈleɪ.di.bəːd/ /ˈleɪ.di.bɝd/ n
biedronka boża krówka
member of Coccinellidae

ladyboy /ˈleɪdiˌbɔɪ/ n
ladyboy
effeminate homosexual man, especially an intergender person

ladyship /ˈleɪ.di.ʃɪp/ n
Pani
Term of respect

lagoon /ləˈɡuːn/ n
laguna
shallow body of water

lahar /ˈlɑhɑɹ/ n
lahar
volcanic mudflow

lake /leɪk/ n
jezioro
body of water
lakier
a kind of coloring agent

lakh /lɑk/ /lɑːk/ numeral
lakh
one hundred thousand

lama /ˈlɑː.mə/ n
lama
master of Tibetan Buddhism

lamassu /ləˈmasuː/ n
lamassu
Assyrian protective deity

lamb /læm/ n
jagnięcina jagnię
flesh of lamb as food
jagnię baranek
young sheep

lambda /ˈlæm.də/ n
lambda
name of the Greek letter

lame /leɪm/ adj
kiepski
slang: failing to be cool, funny, interesting or relevant
kiepski słaby
slang: unconvincing
kulawy kulejący
unable to walk properly because of a problem with one's feet or legs

lame /leɪm/ v
okulawić
to cause a person or animal to become lame

lame duck n
niedorajda nieudacznica nieudacznik ofiara ofiara losu
a person or thing that is helpless, inefficient or disabled
kulawa kaczka
an official who is marking time until leaving their office

lament /ləˈmɛnt/ n
lament
expression of grief, suffering, or sadness
lament tren
song expressing grief

lamentation /ˌlæm.ɛnˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
stado
a group of swans
lament lamentacja lamentowanie
a sorrowful cry; a lament
mourning
lament lamentacja
the act of lamenting

lametta /ləˈmɛtə/ n
lameta
thin wire or foil

lamia /ˈleɪmɪə/ n
lamia
monster in mythology

lammergeier n
orłosęp
bird

lamp /læmp/ n
lampa
device producing light
oil device producing light

lampion n
kaganek lampa
a small oil lamp

lamplighter /ˈlæmpˌlaɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
latarnik
a person employed to light streetlights

lamprey /ˈlæm.pɹi/ n
minóg
a fish

lampshade /ˈlæmp.ʃeɪd/ n
abażur klosz
cover over a lamp

lamé n
lama
fabric

lancet /læn.sɪt/ /lɑːn.sɪt/ n
lancet
surgical instrument

land /lænd/ adj
lądowy
residing or growing on land

land /lænd/ n
kraj kraina
country or region
ziemia ląd
part of Earth that is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water

land /lænd/ v
dobić do brzegu
to arrive at land, especially a shore, or a dock, from a body of water
lądować
to descend to a surface, especially from the air

land ahoy interjection
ziemia na horyzoncie
interjection shouted by the ship's watch

land mine /ˈlænd.maɪn/ n
mina lądowa
mine that is placed on land

landfill /ˈlænd.fɪl/ n
składowisko odpadów
site at which refuse is buried

landing /ˈlændɪŋ/ n
lądowanie
coming to earth, as of an airplane

landing gear n
podwozie
undercarriage

landline n
telefon stacjonarny
telephone connected by such a fixed wire

landlocked /ˈlændlɑkt/ /ˈlændlɒkt/ adj
śródlądowy
surrounded by land

landlubber /ˈlænd.lʌb.ə/ /ˈlænd.lʌb.ɚ/ n
szczur lądowy
someone unfamiliar with the sea or seamanship

landscape /ˈlandskeɪp/ n
krajobraz pejzaż
portion of land or territory

landscaper /ˈlænd.skeip.ɚ/ /ˈlænd.skeɪp.ə/ n
pejażysta pejzażystka
one that does landscaping

landslide /ˈlænd.slaɪd/ n
osuwisko
natural disaster

lane /leɪn/ n
dróżka
division of racetrack
uliczka aleja alejka
passageway

langos /ˈlaːŋɡoʃ/ n
langosz
traditional Hungarian fried dough

language /ˈlæŋɡwɪd͡ʒ/ [ˈleɪŋɡwɪd͡ʒ] n
język mowa
body of words used as a form of communication
computer language
nonverbal communication
język słownictwo
particular words used
vocabulary of a particular field
mowa język
the ability to communicate using words

language exchange n
wymiana językowa
language exchange

language family n
rodzina językowa
set of languages

languid /ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪd/ adj
ociężały ospały słaby
lacking enthusiasm, energy or strength

languish /ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ v
wlec się
to be neglected, to make little progress
dogorywać pokutować
to live in miserable conditions
marnieć
to lose strength and become weak
tęsknić
to pine away with longing

lansquenet /ˈlɑːnskəˌnɛt/ /ˌlænskəˈnɛt/ n
lancknecht landsknecht
German mercenary of the 15th or 16th century
lancknecht
gambling card game

lantern /ˈlæn.tən/ /ˈlæn.tɚn/ n
latarnia
case of transparent material made to protect a flame, or light

lanthanum /ˈlænθənəm/ n
lantan
metallic element

lanyard /ˈlæn.jəd/ /ˈlæn.jɚd/ n
smycz
a cord worn around the neck; used to hold a small object such as a whistle

lap /læp/ n
podołek
part that lies on the knees or thighs when one sits down
okrążenie
sports: one circuit around a race track

lap /læp/ v
chlipać chłeptać
to take liquid into the mouth with the tongue

laparoscopy /lapəˈɹɒskəpi/ n
laparoskopia
examination or surgery on the peritoneal cavity

laparotomy n
laparotomia
surgical procedure

lapidate /ˈlæpɪˌdeɪt/ v
kamienować ukamienować
stone to death

lapidation /ˌlæpɪˈdeɪʃən/ n
ukamienowanie
act of stoning, sometimes to the point of death

lapis lazuli /ˌlapɪs ˈlazjʊlaɪ/ /ˌlæpɪs ˈlæz(j)əli/ n
lapis lazuli lazuryt
precious blue stone

lapse /læps/ n
błąd pomyłka potknięcie
a temporary failure; a slip

lapsus linguae /ˌlæpsəs ˈlɪŋɡwiː/ n
lapsus
An inadvertent remark

lapti n
postoły łapcie
bast shoes

laptop /ˈlæp.tɑp/ /ˈlæp.tɒp/ n
laptop
computing: a laptop computer

lapwing /ˈlæpwɪŋ/ n
czajka
bird belonging to the subfamily Vanellinae

larch /ˈlɑɹtʃ/ /ˈlɑːtʃ/ n
modrzew
a coniferous tree
the wood of the larch

lard /lɑɹd/ /lɑːd/ n
smalec
fat from the abdomen of a pig

larder /ˈlɑɹ.dɚ/ /ˈlɑː.də/ n
spiżarnia
cool room used as food storage

large /ˈlɑɹd͡ʒ/ /ˈlɑːd͡ʒ/ adj
duży
of greater size

large intestine n
jelito grube
bodily organ

large-tailed antshrike n
sadzak perlisty
a passerine of the antbird family

largess /lɑɹˈdʒɛs/ /lɑːˈʒɛs/ n
hojność szczodrość
generosity in the giving of gifts or money

lark /lɑɹk/ /lɑːk/ n
skowronek
bird
one who wakes early

larkspur n
ostróżka
Delphinium

larva /ˈlɑɹ.və/ /ˈlɑː.və/ n
larwa
a stage of growth
an animal in such stage of growth

laryngeal /ləˈɹɪn.dʒi.əl/ adj
krtaniowy
of or pertaining to larynx

laryngologist n
laryngolog
a person who studies or specializes in laryngology

laryngology n
laryngologia
branch of physiology

laryngoscope n
laryngoskop
endoscope used for viewing the interior of the larynx

larynx /ˈlæ.ɹɪŋks/ n
krtań
the organ

lascivious /ləˈsɪvɪəs/ adj
frywolny rozpustny
wanton

laserwort n
okrzyn
plant of the genus Laserpitium

lassi /ˈlæsi/ n
lassi
beverage

last /last/ /læst/ /lɑːst/ /ɫast/ adj
ostatni
final
ubiegły zeszły
most recent

last /last/ /læst/ /lɑːst/ /ɫast/ n
kopyto
tool

last /last/ /læst/ /lɑːst/ /ɫast/ v
trwać
to endure, continue over time

last but not least /ˈlæst bʌt nɑt ˈlist/ /ˈlɑːst bʌt nɒt ˈliːst/ adv
ostatni według kolejności, ale nie w ważności
An expression to start the last item of a list

last mile n
łącze abonenckie
portion of the infrastructure

last straw n
miarka się przebrała
small additional burden

last time n
ostatni raz
the ultimate occurrence

last year adv
w zeszłym roku
year before this one

lat /lɑːt/ n
łat
former currency of Latvia

latch /lætʃ/ n
kusza
crossbow
zatrzask
fastening for a door
przerzutnik
flip-flop electronic circuit

late /leɪt/ adj
późny spóźniony
associated with the end of a period
near the end of a period of time
near the end of the day
zmarły świętej pamięci
euphemism for dead
spóźniony
not arriving until after an expected time

late /leɪt/ adv
późno
proximate in time

latent /ˈleɪ.tənt/ adj
ukryty uśpiony
existing or present but concealed or inactive

later /ˈleɪtə/ /ˈleɪtɚ/ adj
późniejszy
at some time in the future
coming afterward in time
more late

later /ˈleɪtə/ /ˈleɪtɚ/ adv
później
afterward in time
at some unspecified time in the future
more late

later /ˈleɪtə/ /ˈleɪtɚ/ interjection
nara
see you later

laterite /ˈlatəɹʌɪt/ n
lateryt
red hard or gravel-like soil or subsoil

latest /ˈleɪt.ɪst/ adj
najnowszy
most recent

latex /ˈleɪtɛks/ /ˈleɪˌtɛks/ n
lateks
milky sap
emulsion

lath /læθ/ n
łata deszczułka listwa
a thin, narrow strip, fastened to the rafters, studs, or floor beams of a building, for the purpose of supporting a covering of tiles, plastering, etc.

lathe /leɪð/ n
tokarka
machine tool used to shape a piece of material

lathe /leɪð/ v
toczyć wytoczyć
to shape with a lathe

lather /ˈlæ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈlæðɚ/ n
piana mydlana
foam of soap and water

lather /ˈlæ.ðə(ɹ)/ /ˈlæðɚ/ v
mydlić
to cover with lather

latitude /ˈlæt.ɪ.tjuːd/ /ˈlæt.ɪ.tud/ n
szerokość szerokość geograficzna
angular distance north or south from the equator
szerokość szerokość ekliptyczna
angular distance of a heavenly body from the ecliptic
swoboda
freedom from restrictions
równoleżnik
imaginary line parallel to the equator

latrine /ləˈtɹiːn/ n
latryna
a very simple toilet facility, usually just a pit or trench

latter /ˈlæt.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈlæt̬.əɹ/ adj
ostatni
close (or closer) to the present time
końcowy ostatni późniejszy
near (or nearer) to the end

lattice /ˈlæt.ɪs/ n
krata
partially ordered set

laudable /lɔːdəbl/ adj
godny pochwały
worthy of being lauded

laugh /laːf/ /læf/ /lɑːf/ n
śmiech
expression of mirth peculiar to the human species

laugh /laːf/ /læf/ /lɑːf/ v
obśmiewać wyśmiewać
make an object of laughter or ridicule
śmiać się
show mirth by peculiar movement of the muscles of the face and emission of sounds

laughable /ˈlaːfəbl̩/ /ˈlæfəbl̩/ /ˈlɑːfəbl̩/ adj
śmieszny
fitted to exite laughter

laughing gas n
gaz rozweselający
common name for nitrous oxide

laughing kookaburra n
kukabura kukabura chichotliwa
Dacelo novaeguineae

laughter /ˈlæftɚ/ /ˈlɑːftə/ n
śmiech
sound (as) of laughing
movement of the muscles of the laughing face

launder /ˈlɑndɚ/ /ˈlɑːndə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɔndɚ/ /ˈlɔːndə/ v
prać uprać
to wash and iron

launderette /lɔndəˈɹɛt/ /lɔːnˈdɹɛt/ n
pralnia samoobsługowa
place with facilities for washing that public may use

laundress n
praczka
A woman whose employment is laundering

laundry /ˈlɑn.dɹi/ /ˈlɔːn.dɹi/ [ˈlɑn.dɹi] n
pranie
laundering; washing
pralnia
place or room where laundering is done
rzeczy do prania pranie
that which needs to be laundered

laundry basket n
kosz
container for holding and transporting clothing

laureate /ˈlɒ.ɹi.ət/ /ˈlɔɹ.i.ət/ n
laureat laureatka
one crowned with laurel

laurel /ˈlɒɹ.əl/ /ˈlɔɹ.əl/ n
wawrzyn laur
Laurus nobilis
laur wawrzyn
crown of laurel
honor, distinction

laurel wreath n
wieniec laurowy
wreath worn as a symbol of victory

lava /ˈlɑːvə/ n
lawa
molten rock

lavash /ləˈvɑːʃ/ n
lawasz
a soft, thin flatbread

lavender /ˈlæv.ən.də/ /ˈlæv.ən.dɚ/ n
lawenda
plant

lavender marriage n
lawendowe małżeństwo
male-female marriage intended to conceal non-heterosexuality

lavish /ˈlævɪʃ/ adj
nadmierny obfity
excessive
hojny
profuse

lavish /ˈlævɪʃ/ v
obdarowywać
to expend or bestow with profusion; to squander

law /lɑ/ /lɔ/ /lɔː/ n
prawo reguła zasada
any rule that must or should be obeyed
prawo
body of rules established in a community by its authorities
statement of (observed, established) order, sequence or relationship of phenomena
reguła prawo
mathematics: statement that is true under specified conditions

law of excluded middle n
zasada wyłączonego środka
axiom of classical logic

lawful /ˈlɔːfʊl/ adj
legalny prawomierny prawomocny prawowierny
conforming to or recognised by law or rules

lawlessness n
bezprawie swawola
lack of law and order

lawn /lɑn/ /lɔn/ /lɔːn/ n
trawnik
ground covered with grass

lawnmower /ˈlɑn.moʊ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔn.moʊ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔːn.məʊ.ə/ n
kosiarka
a device to cut grass

lawrencium /ləˈɹɛnsiəm/ n
lorens
chemical element

lawyer /ˈlɔ.jɚ/ /ˈlɔɪ.ɚ/ /ˈlɔːjə(ɹ)/ n
adwokat prawnik prawniczka radca
professional person authorized to practice law

lawyer's wig n
czernidłak kołpakowaty
Coprinus comatus

lay /leɪ/ v
kłaść położyć
to place something down in a position of rest

lay down v
położyć się
to lie down for rest

lay the groundwork v
kłaść podwaliny
To provide the basics

layer /leɪə/ /ˈleɪ.ɚ/ n
warstwa
single thickness of some material covering a surface
nioska
hen kept to lay eggs

layer /leɪə/ /ˈleɪ.ɚ/ v
układać warstwami
to arrange in layers

layman /ˈleɪmən/ n
laik
someone who is not a professional in a given field
someone who is not an ordained cleric

laziness n
lenistwo leń
quality of being lazy

lazy /ˈleɪzi/ adj
leniwy
unwilling to work

lazybones n
leniuch
person who is lazy

lcm n
NWW
initialism for least common multiple

lead /lɛd/ n
ołów
chemical element
bullets
prowadzenie
act of leading or conducting
precedence; advance position
wychodzić
begin a game of cards or dominoes
kierować prowadzić przewodzić dowodzić poprowadzić
conduct or direct with authority
prowadzić
draw or direct by influence
intransitive: have the highest interim score in a game
intransitive: to guide or conduct
intransitive: tend or reach in a certain direction
intransitive: to go first
kierować prowadzić doprowadzać pokazywać poprowadzić przeprowadzać
guide or conduct in a certain course
prowadzić się
guide or conduct oneself
prowadzić doprowadzać wieść wodzić poprowadzić przeprowadzać
guide or conduct with the hand, or by means of some physical contact connection
wyjście
in cards and dominoes
cynk trop
information obtained by a detective or police officer
information obtained by a news reporter
prowadzić przewodzić poprzedzać
intransitive: be ahead of others
go or be in advance of; precede
prowadzić przodować
intransitive: be more advanced
smycz
leash

lead by the nose v
wodzić za nos

leader /ˈlidɚ/ /ˈliː.də(ɹ)/ n
przywódca wódz szef lider
one having authority
rynna
pipe to conduct water from the roof

leadership n
przywództwo
office of leader

leading /ˈlidɪŋ/ /ˈliːdɪŋ/ n
leading
Vertical space added between lines

leading edge n
krawędź natarcia
aeronautics: frontmost edge of an airfoil

leaf /liːf/ n
liść
part of a plant
computing, mathematics: tree node without descendants
sheet of any substance beaten or rolled until very thin
anything resembling the leaf of a plant
kartka liść
sheet of a book

leaf /liːf/ v
wypuszczać liście
to produce leaves

leaf through v
kartkować
to turn the pages of (a book) idly, reading short sections at random

leafless adj
bezlistny
without leaves

leaflet /ˈliːflɪt/ n
ulotka
listek
component of a compound leaf
small plant leaf

league /liːɡ/ n
liga przymierze
a group or association of cooperating members
liga
organization of sports teams

league /liːɡ/ v
sprzymierzać się sprzymierzyć się
to form an association

league cup n
puchar ligi
cup competition

leak /liːk/ n
przeciek
entrance or escape of a fluid

leak /liːk/ v
przeciekać
to allow fluid to escape or enter
to reveal secret information

lean /liːn/ v
nachylać się nachylić się pochylać się pochylić się skłaniać się skłonić się
to incline
opierać się oprzeć się
to press against

lean on v
liczyć na
to depend upon someone's shoulder for support

leap /liːp/ n
skok sus
skok
distance traversed by a leap
krok skok
significant move forward

leap /liːp/ v
skakać skoczyć przeskakiwać przeskoczyć

leap of faith n
skok wiary
act of believing in something despite proof

leap year n
rok przestępny
366-day year in the Gregorian calendar

learn /lɜːn/ /lɝn/ v
uczyć się
to acquire knowledge or ability
to be studying
to make use of a bad experience

learn the hard way v
przekonać się na własnej skórze uczyć się na własnych błędach
learn by experiencing the consequences of making mistakes

learning disability n
trudności w uczeniu się
disability which prevents the sufferer from learning in a typical manner

lease /liːs/ n
leasing
contract granting use or occupation of property

leaseholder n
dzierżawca ajent
tenant holding a lease

leash /liːʃ/ n
smycz
long cord for dogs

least /list/ /liːst/ determiner
najmniej
the smallest amount of

least weasel /ˈliːstˈwizəl/ n
łasica
Mustela nivalis

leather /ˈlɛðə/ /ˈlɛðɚ/ adj
skórzany
made of leather

leather /ˈlɛðə/ /ˈlɛðɚ/ n
skóra
material produced by tanning animal skin

leave /liv/ /liːv/ n
urlop
absence from work

leave /liv/ /liːv/ v
zostawić zostawiać
to cause to remain as available, not take away, refrain from depleting
to transfer possession after death
odchodzić odejść
to depart (intransitive)
opuścić opuszczać
to depart from, end one's connection or affiliation with

leave me alone phraseologicalUnit
niech pan mnie zostawi niech pan mnie zostawi w spokoju zostaw mnie zostaw mnie w spokoju
stop talking to me

leaven /ˈlɛv.ən/ n
zaczyn
any agent used to make dough rise

lebensraum n
przestrzeń życiowa
living space

lecithin /ˈlɛs.ə.θɪn/ n
lecytyna
lecithin

lecture /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃɚ/ n
wykład
a spoken lesson

lecture /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃɚ/ v
wykładać
to teach

lecturer /ˈlɛktʃəɹə/ /ˈlɛktʃəɹɚ/ n
wykładowca wykładowczyni
member of university or college
person who gives lectures

ledger /ˈlɛdʒə/ /ˈlɛdʒɚ/ n
rejestr
book for keeping notes

lee n
zawietrzna
side of the ship away from the wind

leech /liːtʃ/ n
pijawka
annelid
pijawka pasożyt
person who derives profit from others
uzdrowiciel znachor
paganism: a healer

leek /liːk/ n
por
vegetable

leer /lɪə/ /lɪɹ/ v
patrzeć pożądliwie
to look with sexual desire or malicious intent

leery /ˈlɪə.ɹi/ adj
podejrzliwy
Cautious, hesitant, or nervous about something; having reservations or concerns

leeward /ˈl(j)uːɜ(ɹ)d/ /ˈliːwɜ(ɹ)d/ adj
zawietrzny
on the side sheltered from the wind

left /lɛft/ adj
lewicowy
pertaining to the political left
lewy
the west side of the body when one is facing north

left /lɛft/ adv
na lewo
on the left side
na lewo w lewo
towards the left side

left /lɛft/ n
lewica
the ensemble of left-wing political parties
lewa
the left side

left /lɛft/ v
pozostały
remaining

left and right adv
na prawo i lewo
all over the place

left wing n
lewica
politics

left-handed n
leworęczny mańkut
preferring the left hand over the right

left-hander n
mańkut
a person who is left-handed

left-luggage office n
przechowalnia bagażu
place where luggage may be left

leftist /ˈlɛftɪst/ adj
lewicowy
Pertaining to the political left

leftist /ˈlɛftɪst/ n
lewicowiec
a person who holds views associated with the political left

leftovers n
resztki
food remaining after a meal

leg /leɪɡ/ /lɛɡ/ n
mecz
game played in a tournament
noga
lower limb from groin to ankle
nogawka
part of garment covering the leg
goleń łydka
portion of the lower appendage from knee to ankle
etap podróży
stage of journey

leg-breaker n
próba odbioru piłki skutkująca złamaniem nogi rywala wejście skutkujące złamaniem nogi rywala
(soccer) a tackle or other maneuver capable of breaking a player's leg

legacy /ˈleɪɡəsi/ /ˈlɛɡəsi/ n
spadek
money or property bequeathed to someone in a will
spuścizna dziedzictwo
something inherited from a predecessor; a heritage

legal /ˈliɡəl/ /ˈliː.ɡəl/ adj
legalny pełnomocny prawowity zgodny z prawem
allowed or prescribed by law
prawny
having its basis in the law
prawniczy
relating to the law or to lawyers

legal person n
osoba prawna
organization or group of people

legal tender n
środek płatniczy
currency that cannot be refused as payment to extinguish a debt

legality n
legalność prawność
lawfulness

legally /ˈliːɡəli/ adv
legalnie
as permitted by law
from a legal perspective

legate /ˈlɛɡət/ n
legat
deputy of a provincial governor or general in ancient Rome
deputy representing the pope

legato /ləˈɡɑ.toʊ/ /ləˈɡɑ.təʊ/ adv
legato
music: smoothly, in a connected manner

legend /ˈlɛdʒ.ənd/ n
legenda
story of unknown origin describing plausible but extraordinary past events
any person of extraordinary accomplishment
key to the symbols and color codes on a map

legendary adj
legendarny
of or pertaining to a legend

legging /lɛɡ.ɪŋ/ n
legginsy
leg covering

legible /ˈlɛd͡ʒəbl/ adj
czytelny
clear enough to be read

legibly adv
czytelnie
in a legible manner

legion /ˈliːdʒən/ n
legion
the major unit or division of the Roman army

legionary n
legionista
member of a legion

legislation /ˌlɛd͡ʒɪsˈleɪʃən/ n
prawodawstwo ustawodawstwo
the act of legislating

legislative /ˈlɛ.dʒɪ.slə.tɪv/ /ˈlɛ.dʒɪˌsleɪ.tɪv/ adj
ustawodawczy
having the power to make laws

legislative branch n
władza ustawodawcza
branch of government

legless adj
beznogi
without legs

legume /lɪˈɡjuːm/ n
strąk
fruit or seed of leguminous plants
roślina strączkowa
member of Leguminosae family

leguminous adj
strączkowy
of the Leguminosae family
resembling a legume

leister /ˈlistɚ/ /ˈliːstə/ n
oścień
spear with barbed prongs for catching fish

leisure /ˈliːʒəɹ/ /ˈlɛʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɛʒəɹ/ n
laba wolne
freedom provided
wolny czas
time free

leitmotif /ˈlaɪt.moʊˌtif/ /ˈlaɪt.məʊˌtiːf/ /ˈleɪt.moʊˌtif/ n
lejtmotyw
melodic theme in an opera

lek n
lek
currency of Albania

lek v
tokować
to take part in the courtship and display behaviour of a lek

lemma /ˈlɛmə/ n
lemma lemat
linguistics: canonical form of a term
lemat
mathematics: proposition used mainly in the proof of some other proposition

lemming /lɛm.ɪŋ/ n
leming wyznawca
member of a group given to conformity or groupthink
leming
rodent

lemniscate /lɛmˈnɪskət/ n
lemniskata
mathematics: figure-of-eight closed curve

lemon /ˈlɛmən/ adj
cytrynowy
having the colour/color of lemons
cytrynowy cytryna
having the flavour/flavor and/or scent of lemons

lemon /ˈlɛmən/ n
cytryna
citrus fruit
cytrynowy
colour/color
rzęch
defective item
cytryna drzewo cytrynowe
tree

lemon balm n
melisa lekarska melisa
Melissa officinalis

lemon squeezer n
wyciskarka do cytryn
device used to extract juice from lemons

lemon verbena n
lippia trójlistna
shrub

lemonade /ˈlɛmənˌeɪd/ /ˌlɛmənˈeɪd/ n
lemoniada
still beverage

lemur /ˈliːmə(ɹ)/ n
lemur
strepsirrhine primate of the infraorder Lemuriformes, superfamily Lemuroidea

lend /lɛnd/ v
pożyczyć pożyczać
to allow to be used temporarily

lend itself to v
odpowiadać pasować
be suitable for

length /lɛŋ(k)θ/ n
długość
distance from end to end

lengthen /ˈlɛŋ(k)θən/ v
przedłużyć wydłużyć
to make longer

lens /lɛnz/ n
soczewica soczewka
biology: genus of the legume family; its bean
soczewka
object focusing or defocusing the light passing through it
anatomy: transparent crystalline structure in the eye
device which focuses or defocuses electron beams

lens cap n
dekielek
cap that protects a camera lens

lentil /ˈlɛntəl/ n
soczewica jadalna
plant Lens culinaris
soczewica
seed used as food

leonine adj
lwi
of or like a lion

leopard /ˈlɛpəd/ /ˈlɛpɚd/ n
lampart
a large wild cat with a spotted coat, Panthera pardus

leopard seal /ˈlɛpəd siːl/ /ˈlɛpɚd siːl/ n
lampart morski
Hydrurga leptonyx

leper n
trędowaty
person who has leprosy
person who is shunned; a pariah

lepidopterology n
lepidopterologia
scientific study of butterflies and moths

leprechaun /ˈlɛprəˌkɔn/ /ˈlɛpɹəkɔːn/ n
irlandzki skrzat leprechaun
one of a race of Irish elves

leprosy /ˈlɛpɹəsi/ n
trąd lepra
infectious disease caused by infection by Mycobacterium leprae

lepton /ˈlɛptɒn/ n
lepton
Greek coin
elementary particle

lesbian /ˈlɛzbi.ən/ adj
lesbijski
between two women; pertaining to women's homosexuality
lesbijski lesbijska
of a woman: preferring women partners

lesbian /ˈlɛzbi.ən/ n
lesbijka
homosexual woman

lesbophobia n
lesbofobia
Fear, dislike, or hatred of lesbians.

leshy n
leszy
a woodland spirit in Slavic mythology

less /lɛs/ adv
mniej
in lower degree
to smaller extent

lesser black-backed gull n
mewa żółtonoga
Larus fuscus

lesser celandine n
ziarnopłon
a European perennial herb, Ranunculus ficaria

lesser spotted eagle n
orlik krzykliwy
Clanga pomarina

lesser spotted woodpecker /ˈlɛsə(ɹ)ˈspɒtədˈwədpɛkə(ɹ)/ n
dzięciołek
Dendrocopoes minor

lesser yellowlegs n
brodziec żółtonogi
Tringa flavipes

lesson /ˈlɛsn̩/ n
lekcja
section of learning or teaching
something learned
something that serves as a warning or encouragement

let /lɛt/ v
pozwalać pozwolić
to allow
wynajmować
to put up for rent

let alone conjunction
co dopiero
to say nothing of

let down v
opuszczać opuścić
to allow to descend
rozczarować zawieść
to disappoint

let go v
puszczać puścić
to no longer hold on

let in v
wpuszczać wpuścić
to let someone or something come in

let sleeping dogs lie v
nie rozdrapuj starych ran
leave things as they are

let the cat out of the bag v
wypuścić kota z worka
to disclose a secret, often inadvertently

let there be light phraseologicalUnit
niech stanie się światłość
let there be light

let's /lɛts/ v
-my
let us; forming first-person plural imperative

let's go phraseologicalUnit
chodzić iść
hortative of go
dalej dalejże ruszać się
hurry up

letter /ˈletə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɛtə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɛtɚ/ n
litera list
letter of the alphabet
list
written message

lettuce /ˈlɛtɪs/ n
sałata
an edible plant, Lactuca
the leaves of the lettuce plant, eaten as a vegetable or dish

leu /ˈleɪ.uː/ n
lej
unit of currency of Romania

leucine n
leucyna
essential amino acid; C₆H13NO₂

leucism n
leucyzm
partial loss of pigmentation

leukemia /luːˈkiːmi.ə/ n
białaczka leukemia
cancer of blood forming tissue

leukocyte /ˈluːkə(ʊ)sʌɪt/ n
leukocyt krwinka biała
a white blood cell

lev /lɛv/ n
lew
currency of Bulgaria

level /ˈlɛv.əl/ adj
poziomy
same height at all places

level /ˈlɛv.əl/ n
poziom stopień
degree or amount
piętro
floor of a building
poziom
gaming: discrete segment of a game
poziomica
tool

level-headed adj
opanowany zrównoważony
possessing sound judgement

lever /ˈliː.və/ /ˈliː.vɚ/ /ˈlɛ.vɚ/ n
dźwignia
rigid piece

leverage /ˈlɛv(ə)ɹɪdʒ/ n
siła nacisku
force compounded by means of a lever rotating around a pivot
naciski
influence which is compounded or used to gain an advantage
dźwignia finansowa lewarowanie
use of borrowed funds

leverage /ˈlɛv(ə)ɹɪdʒ/ v
wykorzystać wykorzystywać
use, exploit, take full advantage of

leveret n
zajączek
a young hare

levitation n
lewitacja
raising of something without apparent physical cause
technical suspension without mechanical support

levy /ˈlɛ.vi/ v
pobierać ściągać
to impose a tax

lewd /ljuːd/ /lud/ adj
sprośny
lascivious

lexeme /ˈlɛksiːm/ n
leksem
unit of vocabulary, the different forms of the same lemma

lexical /ˈlɛksɪkəl/ adj
leksykalny
of a language's vocabulary

lexicographer /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡɹəfə(ɹ)/ n
leksykograf
one who writes or compiles a dictionary

lexicography /ˌlɛksɪˈkɑɡɹəfi/ /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡɹəfi/ n
leksykografia słownikarstwo
art or craft of compiling, writing, and editing dictionaries

lexicological adj
leksykologiczny
pertaining to lexicology

lexicologically adv
leksykologicznie
In terms of lexicology

lexicologist n
leksykolog leksykolożka
an expert at lexicology

lexicology n
leksykologia
linguistic discipline

lexicon /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kɑn/ /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kən/ n
słownik
(rare) any dictionary
dictionary of Classical Greek, Hebrew, Latin, or Aramaic
vocabulary of a language
leksykon słownik encyklopedyczny
dictionary of lexemes
leksyk słownictwo
subject-specific vocabulary
leksykon słownictwo
vocabulary used by an individual

liability /laɪəˈbɪlɪti/ n
odpowiedzialność
debt

liability insurance n
ubezpieczenie odpowiedzialności cywilnej
insurance against liability

liana n
liana
climbing woody vine

liar /ˈlaɪ.ə/ /ˈlaɪ.ɚ/ n
kłamca kłamczuch kłamczucha łgarz
one who tells lies

liberal /ˈlɪbəɹəl/ /ˈlɪbɹəl/ adj
liberalny
open to political or social reforms
widely open to new ideas, willing to depart from established opinions, conventions etc.

liberal arts n
sztuki wyzwolone
academic course of instruction intended to provide general knowledge

liberalism n
liberalizm
political movement
quality of being liberal
economic theory

liberate /ˈlɪbəɹeɪt/ v
uwolnić oswabadzać oswobodzić uwalniać wyzwalać wyzwolić
to free

liberation n
wyzwolenie oswobodzenie uwolnienie
act of liberating or the state of being liberated

liberator n
oswobodziciel wyzwoliciel
person who frees or liberates

libero /ˈlɪbɛɹəʊ/ n
libero
volleyball player

libertarianism /lɪbəˈtɛːɹɪənɪz(ə)m/ n
libertarianizm
political philosophy

liberty /ˈlɪbɚti/ n
wolność swoboda
condition of being free

libido /lɪˈbiː.dəʊ/ n
libido
drives or mental energies related or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.
libido chuć popęd seksualny pożądanie seksualne
sexual urges or drives

librarian /laɪˈbɹɛɹ.i.ən/ n
bibliotekarka bibliotekarz
a person who processes and organizes information
bibliotekarz bibliotekarka
the manager of a library
one who cares for the publications etc. in a library

library /ˈlaɪbɹi/ /ˈlaɪbɹəɹi/ /ˈlaɪˌbɛɹi/ /ˈlaɪˌbɹɛɹi/ n
biblioteka biblioteczka księgozbiór
collection of books
biblioteka
collection of subprograms
collection of DNA material
deck or draw pile
biblioteka książnica
institution which holds books etc.

library science n
bibliotekoznawstwo
interdisciplinary science

libtard n
lewak
liberal (derogatory)

license /ˈlaɪsəns/ n
swawola
excessive freedom
freedom to deviate from rules
licencja pozwolenie
legal document giving official permission to do something
licencja
legal terms of product usage

license plate n
tablica rejestracyjna
an identifying plate attached to a vehicle

licensee /ˌlaɪsənˈsiː/ n
licencjobiorca
person to whom a license is granted

lich /lɪtʃ/ n
lisz
undead being

lichen /ˈlaɪ.kn̩/ /ˈlɪtʃ.n̩/ n
porost liszaj
symbiotic association of algae and fungi

lichenometry n
lichenometria
geochronologic dating method that uses lichen growth

lick /lɪk/ n
lizanie
the act of licking

lick /lɪk/ v
lizać
to stroke with the tongue

licking /ˈlɪkɪŋ/ n
cięgi lanie manto
a great loss or defeat
lizanie
an act of licking

lickspittle /ˈlɪkspɪtl/ n
dupowłaz lizus przydupas wazeliniarz
fawning toady

lickspittle /ˈlɪkspɪtl/ v
podlizać się podlizywać się włazić w dupę
act as a fawning toady

licorice /ˈlɪ.k(ə).ɹɪʃ/ n
lukrecja
plant

lictor /ˈlɪktə/ n
liktor
officer in ancient Rome

lid /lɪd/ n
pokrywka wieko wieczko
top or cover

lie /laɪ̯/ n
kłamstwo
intentionally false statement

lie /laɪ̯/ v
leżeć
be in horizontal position
be situated
kłamać łgać
tell an intentional untruth

lie detector n
wykrywacz kłamstw
polygraph (informal)

lie down v
kłaść
assume a reclining position

lie through one's teeth v
łgać jak najęty łgać jak z nut opowiadać głodne kawałki wciskać ciemnotę wciskać kit łgać jak pies
To tell a gross or egregious untruth

lien /liːn/ /ˈlaɪən/ /ˈliːn/ n
prawo zatrzymania
right to take and hold debtor’s property

lieutenant /l(j)uˈtɛnənt/ /lɛfˈtɛnənt/ /ˈlɛftɛnənt/ n
porucznik podporucznik
lowest commissioned officer rank

lieutenant colonel n
podpułkownik
military rank

life /laɪf/ n
życie
a worthwhile existence
the essence of the manifestation and the foundation of the being
the subjective and inner manifestation of the individual
the world in general, existence
something inherently part of a person's existence
one of the player's chances to play
dożywocie kara dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności
life sentence
życie żywot
the state of being alive

life insurance n
ubezpieczenie na życie
form of insurance

life sentence n
dożywocie
sentence of imprisonment for the rest of the defendant's life

life-giving adj
życiodajny
necessary for life

lifeboat /ˈlaɪfˌboʊt/ /ˈlaɪfˌbəʊt/ n
łódź ratunkowa
a boat to save shipwrecked people

lifeguard n
ratownik
attendant

lifelessness n
martwota
the property of being lifeless, the lack of apparent animation

lifelong adj
dożywotni
extending for the entire duration of life

lifespan n
długość życia
length of time for which an organism lives

lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n
życie
duration of the life of someone or something

lift /lɪft/ n
winda wyciąg dźwig
mechanical device for vertically transporting goods or people
podwiezienie
the act of transporting someone in a vehicle
siła nośna
upward force

lift /lɪft/ v
dźwigać dźwignąć podnieść podnosić wznieść wznosić
to raise or rise

lift a finger v
kiwnąć palcem
to make minimal effort

ligament /ˈlɪɡəmənt/ n
więzadło wiązadło
band of strong tissue that holds the bones of an animal in position

light /laɪt/ /lʌɪt/ [ɫɐɪ̯ʔ] adj
jasny widny świetlisty świetlny
having light
jasny światło
pale in colour
lekki delikatny
having little force or momentum
błahy lekki
of little significance
lekki
of low weight
low in fat, calories, alcohol, salt, etc.
lightly-built

light /laɪt/ /lʌɪt/ [ɫɐɪ̯ʔ] n
światło
electromagnetic waves
source of illumination
spiritual illumination
point of view
ogień
flame or something used to create fire
okno światło świetlik
window or space for one

light /laɪt/ /lʌɪt/ [ɫɐɪ̯ʔ] v
iluminować oświetlić
to illuminate
zapalić rozpalić
to start (a fire)

light bulb /ˈlaɪtˌbʌlb/ n
żarówka
evacuated glass bulb containing a metal filament that produces light

light cavalry n
lekka kawaleria
military unit

light industry n
przemysł lekki
industry that does not require high capitalization or heavy machinery

light year /ˈlaɪt.jɜː/ /ˈlaɪt.jɪə/ /ˈlaɪt.jɪɹ/ n
rok świetlny
astronomical distance

light-minded adj
lekkomyślny
not given to heavy thoughts or thinking

lighter /ˈlaɪtə/ /ˈlaɪtɚ/ n
zapalniczka
fire making device
lichter
a barge

lighthouse /ˈlaɪthaʊs/ n
latarnia morska
building containing a light to warn or guide ships

lighthouse keeper n
latarnik
person who lives in a lighthouse and tends the light

lightly /ˈlaɪtli/ adv
lekko
in a light manner

lightning /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ adj
błyskawiczny
extremely fast

lightning /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ n
piorun błyskawica grom
flash of light

lightning fast adj
błyskawiczny
fast as lightning

lightning rod n
piorunochron
metallic conductor that protects from lightning

lightproof adj
światłoszczelny
sealed so that no light can enter

lights, camera, action phraseologicalUnit
światła, kamera, akcja!
traditional cue at a beginning of a take

lightsaber /laɪt.ˈseɪ.bə(ɹ)/ /laɪt.ˈseɪ.bɚ/ n
miecz świetlny
a fictional type of sword

lightship n
latarniowiec
lightship

lignite /lɪɡnaɪ̯t/ n
węgiel brunatny
coal

likable /ˈlaɪkəbl̩/ adj
sympatyczny
having qualities tending to result in being liked; friendly, personable

like /laɪk/ adv
jak
such as

like /laɪk/ n
lajk
Internet interaction

like /laɪk/ preposition
jak
similar to

like /laɪk/ v
lubić
enjoy
nawidzieć się podobać się
find attractive
dać lajka lajkować
to show support for, or approval of, something posted on the Internet by marking it with a vote

like a bull in a china shop adv
jak słoń w składzie porcelany
clumsily, aggressively

like father, like son proverb
jaki ojciec, taki syn jakie drzewo, taki klin, jaki ojciec, taki syn
a son will have traits similar to his father

like hell
jak cholera jak diabli
using all strength, speed, effort that one can summon

like mother, like daughter proverb
jaka matka, taka córka
a daughter will have traits similar to her mother

like two peas in a pod
jak dwie krople wody
very similar

like water off a duck's back
spływać jak po kaczce
without effects; in a manner having no effect

likelihood /ˈlaɪklihʊd/ n
wiarygodność
mathematical likelihood
prawdopodobieństwo
probability
podobieństwo
resemblance

likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj
prawdopodobny
probable; having a greater-than-even chance of occurring

lilac /ˈlaɪlək/ n
barwa liliowa
colour
lilak bez
shrub
flower

lilo /laɪləʊ/ n
materac dmuchany
inflatable air mattress

lily /ˈlɪli/ n
lilia lilija
flower in the genus Lilium

lily of the valley n
konwalia konwalia majowa
Convallaria majalis

limaçon n
ślimak Pascala
plane curve

limb /lɪm/ n
kończyna odnoga
major appendage of human or animal
tarcza
apparent visual edge

limb /lɪm/ v
gałąź rozczłonkowywać
to remove limbs

limbo /ˈlɪmboʊ/ /ˈlɪmbəʊ/ n
próżnia
in-between state
otchłań
place for innocent souls

lime /laɪm/ adj
limonowy
containing lime or lime juice

lime /laɪm/ n
wapno wapno niegaszone wodorotlenek wapnia
wapno
inorganic material containing calcium
żółtozielony
colour
lima limeta limonka
green citrus fruit

lime /laɪm/ v
wapnowanie
to treat with lime

limekiln n
wapiennik
a furnace used to produce lime from limestone

limerick /ˈlɪməɹɪk/ n
limeryk
rhyming verse of five lines

limestone n
wapień
abundant rock of marine and fresh-water sediments

limit /ˈlɪmɪt/ n
limit
boundary
granica
mathematics: value to which a sequence converges

limit point n
punkt skupienia
a point

limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ adj
ograniczony
with certain limits placed upon it

limited liability company n
sp. z o.o. spółka z o.o. spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością
type of company

limnology n
limnologia
science of lakes

limousine /ˌlɪməˈziːn/ n
limuzyna
luxury sedan/saloon car

limp /lɪmp/ n
utykanie
gait

limp /lɪmp/ v
utykać
to walk lamely

linchpin /ˈlɪnt͡ʃˌpɪn/ n
lon
securing pin

linden /ˈlɪn.dən/ n
lipa
tree
wood from such tree

line /laɪn/ n
kurs
równik
geography: equator
odcinek
geometry: continuous finite segment of such a figure
prosta
geometry: infinite one-dimensional figure
krawędź
graph theory: edge of a graph
metr miara
long tape, or a narrow ribbon of steel, etc., marked with subdivisions, as feet and inches, for measuring; a tapeline
linia
path through two or more points, threadlike mark
telephone or network connection
music: one of the straight horizontal and parallel prolonged strokes on and between which the notes are placed
wers
poetic: verse
lina
rope, cord, or string
wers wiersz
single horizontal row of text on a screen, printed paper, etc.
kolejka rząd szereg
straight sequence of people, queue

line /laɪn/ v
wypełniać wyściełać
cover the inside surface of (something)

line segment n
odcinek
part of a line

lineage /ˈlɪn.i.ɪdʒ/ n
rodowód
descent

linear /ˈlɪn.i.ə/ /ˈlɪn.i.ɚ/ adj
liniowy
having the form of a line
in mathematics, of first-degree polynomial
of or relating to lines
physics: involving only one dimension

linear algebra n
algebra liniowa
branch of mathematics

lined antshrike n
chronka rdzawogrzbieta
A passerine bird of the antbird family

linen /ˈlɪnɪn/ n
bielizna bielizna osobista bielizna pościelowa bielizna stołowa
items
lniany płótno
thread or cloth made from flax fiber

linen basket n
kosz na brudną bieliznę
laundry basket

lingerie /ˈlæn.ʒə.ɹi/ /ˌlɑn.(d)ʒəˈɹeɪ/ n
bielizna (damska) odzież nocna
women's underwear or nightclothes

lingo /ˈliŋ.ɡoʊ/ /ˈlɪŋ.ɡəʊ/ n
narzecze żargon
language peculiar to a particular group or region

lingonberry n
borówka brusznica borówka czerwona
berry

lingua franca /ˈlɪŋ.ɡwə fɹæŋ.kə/ n
lingua franca
common language

lingual /ˈlɪŋɡwəl/ adj
językowy
related to the tongue

linguist /ˈliŋɡwɪst/ n
językoznawca lingwista językoznawczyni lingwistka
one who studies linguistics

linguistic /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk/ adj
językowy lingwistyczny
of or relating to language
lingwistyczny językoznawczy
of or relating to linguistics

linguistically /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk(ə)li/ adv
językoznawczo lingwistycznie
From a linguistic perspective

linguistics /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ n
językoznawstwo lingwistyka
scientific study of language

link /lɪŋk/ n
link odnośnik odsyłacz hiperłącze łącze
computing: short for hyperlink
ogniwo
element of a chain

link spam n
spam linkami
Links added to a web page for the purpose of spamdexing

linker /ˈlɪŋkə/ /ˈlɪŋkɚ/ n
konsolidator
computer program that assembles objects

linnet /ˈlɪnɪt/ n
makolągwa
Carduelis cannabina, a finch of Europe, western Asia and northern Africa

linseed /ˈlɪnsiːd/ n
siemię lniane
seed of the flax plant

lintel /ˈlɪn.təl/ n
nadproże
horizontal structural beam

lion /ˈlaɪən/ n
lew
big cat Panthera leo
heraldic charge

lion cub n
lwiątko lwię
young lion

lion dance n
taniec lwów
Chinese dance

lion's den n
paszcza lwa
a dangerous or frightening place

lion's share /ˈlaɪəns ʃɛə/ /ˈɫaɪɪnz ʃɛ(ə)ɹ/ n
lwia część
the majority; a large or generous portion

lioness n
lwica
female lion

lip /lɪp/ n
warga
fleshy protrusion framing the mouth

lip-sync v
śpiewać z playbacku
to move lips in synchronization with sounds

lip-syncing n
playback
act of lip-sync

lipase n
lipaza
group of enzymes

lipid /ˈlɪpɪd/ n
lipid lipoid
organic compound

lipidic adj
lipidowy
of lipids

liposuction /ˈlai.po.ˌsʌk.ʃn̩/ n
liposukcja
cosmetic surgery procedure in which bodily fat is removed by suction

lippy /ˈlɪpi/ /ˈlɪpɪ/ adj
pyskaty
having a tendency to talk back in a cheeky or impertinent manner

lipstick /ˈlɪpˌstɪk/ n
szminka
make-up for the lips
stick of this make-up

liqueur /lɪˈkjʊə/ /lɪˈkɝ/ n
likier
a flavored alcoholic beverage

liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ adj
płynny
(of a market) having sufficient trading activity to make buying or selling easy
(of an asset) easily sold or disposed of
ciekły płynny
fluid; not solid and not gaseous

liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n
ciecz
substance that is liquid

liquidation /ˌlɪkwəˈdeɪʃən/ n
spieniężenie
process of converting into cash

liquidator n
likwidator
one who liquidates

liquidity /lɪkˈwɪdəti/ n
płynność
finance: availability of cash over short term
property of being able to be easily converted into cash
state of being liquid

liquor store n
monopolowy sklep monopolowy
liquor store, bottle shop

lisp /lɪl͡sp/ /lɪsp/ /lɪθp/ n
seplenienie
The habit or an act of lisping.

lisp /lɪl͡sp/ /lɪsp/ /lɪθp/ v
seplenić
to pronounce the sibilant letter ‘s’ imperfectly

lissencephaly n
bezzakrętowość
disorder characterized by the lack of folds and grooves of the brain

list /lɪst/ n
lista
computing: codified representation of a list
lista spis
enumeration or compilation of items
krajka
strip of fabric
przechył
nautical: tilting or careening to one side

list /lɪst/ v
spisać katalogować skatalogować spisywać wymieniać wymienić
to create or recite a list
słuchać słyszeć
to listen
podobać się
to be pleasing to
życzyć sobie
to desire, like, wish
mieć przechył
to tilt to one side

listen /ˈlɪs.ən/ v
słuchać usłuchać
to accept advice or obey instruction
nasłuchiwać słuchać
to expect or wait for a sound
słuchać wysłuchać
to hear (something)
słuchać
to pay attention to a sound

listener /ˈlɪs(ə)nə/ n
słuchacz słuchaczka
someone who listens

litany /ˈlɪtəni/ n
litania
ritual liturgical prayer
prolonged or tedious list

litas n
lit
currency of Lithuania

lite /laɪt/ adj
lekki
low in calories

literal /ˈlɪt(ə)ɹəl/ n
literał
programming: value written in the source code

literally /ˈlɪtəɹəli/ adv
dosłownie
not metaphorically

literary /ˈlɪtəɹəɹi/ /ˈlɪtəɹɛ(ə)ɹi/ adj
książkowy
appropriate to literature rather than everyday writing
literacki
relating to literature
relating to writers, or the profession of literature

literary language n
język literacki
register of a language used in literary writing
supraregional idiom

literary science n
literaturoznawstwo
all kinds of scientific study pertinent to literature

literate /ˈlɪtəɹət/ adj
oczytany
knowledgeable in literature and writing

literature /ˈlɪ.tə.tʃɚ/ /ˈlɪ.tə.ɹɪ.tʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪ.tɚ.ɪ.tʃɚ/ n
literatura
body of all written works
all the papers, treatises etc. published in academic journals on a particular subject
the collected creative writing of a nation, people, group or culture

lithium /ˈlɪθi.əm/ n
lit
chemical element

lithium aluminium hydride n
tetrahydroglinian litu
chemical compound, LiH

lithium carbonate n
węglan litu
Li₂CO₃

lithograph n
litografia
image produced by lithography

lithographer n
litograf
a person who makes lithographs

lithographic adj
litograficzny
related to lithography

lithography n
litografia
printing method

lithosphere n
litosfera
The outer layer of the Earth

litmus /ˈlɪtməs/ n
lakmus
dyestuff from lichen

litmus paper n
papierek lakmusowy

litre /ˈli.tɚ/ /ˈliː.tə/ n
litr
unit of fluid measure

litter /ˈlɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɪtɚ/ n
miot
animals born in one birth
ściółka
bedding for animals
layer of dead leaves and other organic matter
śmieci
discarded items
ściółka żwirek
material for litter tray
lektyka
platform designed to carry a person or a load

little /ˈlɘtl̩/ /ˈlɪ.ɾɫ̩/ /ˈlɪtl̩/ /ˈlɪtəl/ adj
mały
small in size

little /ˈlɘtl̩/ /ˈlɪ.ɾɫ̩/ /ˈlɪtl̩/ /ˈlɪtəl/ adv
mało
not much

little /ˈlɘtl̩/ /ˈlɪ.ɾɫ̩/ /ˈlɪtl̩/ /ˈlɪtəl/ determiner
mało
small amount

little black dress n
mała czarna
woman's short black dress

little boy n
chłopczyk
a diminutive male child

little bustard n
strepet
Tetrax tetrax

little by little adv
po trochu krok po kroku
a small amount at a time

little finger n
mały palec
outermost and smallest finger of the hand

little girl n
dziewczynka
a female child

little green man /ˌlɘtɘl ˈɡɹin ˌmɛn/ /ˌlɪtəl ˈɡɹin ˌman/ /ˌlɪtəl ˈɡɹin ˌmæn/ n
zielony ludzik ufoludek
humorous: space alien, Martian
zielony ludzik
soldier lacking identification

little gull n
mewa mała
gull

little owl /ˈlɪtəl ˌaʊl/ n
pójdźka
species of owl

little stint n
biegus malutki
Calidris minuta

liturgical /lɪˈtɝdʒɪkəl/ adj
liturgiczny
Pertaining to liturgy

liturgy /ˈlɪtəd͡ʒi/ /ˈlɪtɚd͡ʒi/ n
liturgia
a predetermined or prescribed set of rituals

live /lɪv/ adj
na żywo
(broadcasting) seen or heard from a broadcast, as it happens
żywy
having life

live /lɪv/ adv
na żywo
as it happens

live /laɪv/ /lɪv/ v
żyć
be alive
mieszkać żyć
have permanent residence
przetrwać przeżyć
survive, persevere, continue

live by the sword, die by the sword proverb
kto mieczem wojuje, ten od miecza ginie
one who uses violence can expect a violent response

live up v
spełnić oczekiwania
to fulfil the expectations placed upon

liveliness /ˈlaɪvlinəs/ n
żwawość
the quality of being lively

lively /ˈlaɪvli/ adj
pełen życia żywy
full of life

liver /ˈlɪvə(ɹ)/ n
wątroba wątróbka
organ as food
wątroba
organ of the body

livermorium /ˌlɪvəɹˈmɔːɹiəm/ n
liwermor
chemical element with atomic number 116

livery /ˈlɪv.ə.ɹi/ /ˈlɪv.ɹɪ/ n
liberia
distinctive uniform worn by a group
malowanie
paint scheme

livestock /ˈlaɪvˌstɑk/ /ˈlʌɪvstɒk/ n
dobytek
farm animals

livid /ˈlɪvɪd/ adj
wściekły
very angry, furious

living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ adj
żywy
having life
in use or existing

living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ n
życie
financial means; a means of maintaining life
state of being alive
style of life

living dead n
żywe trupy
undead

living fossil /ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈfɑːsəl/ /ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈfɒsəl/ n
żywa skamielina żywa skamieniałość
species believed extinct but later found living

living room n
duży pokój pokój gościnny salon
room in a private house

lizard /ˈlɪz.əd/ /ˈlɪz.ɚd/ n
jaszczurka
reptile

lizardlike adj
jaszczurczy
like a lizard

llama /ˈjɑmə/ /ˈlɑmə/ /ˈlɑː.mə/ n
lama
South American mammal of the camel family, Lama glama

lo /loʊ/ /ləʊ/ interjection
ot oto
look, see, behold

lo and behold interjection
patrzcie!
used to express surprise

loach /ˈləʊtʃ/ n
piskorz
fish of the family Cobitidae

load /loʊd/ /ləʊd/ n
mnóstwo
a large number or amount
ciężar obciążenie
burden
ładunek ładowność
number of articles that can be transported or processed at one time

load /loʊd/ /ləʊd/ v
załadować ładować
to fill with munition
ładować obciążać
to put a load on or in
załadować wczytać
to read into memory

loaded /ˈloʊdɪd/ /ˈləʊdɪd/ adj
nabity
(of a projectile weapon) armed

loaf /loʊf/ /ləʊf/ n
bochenek bochen
block of bread

loam /loʊm/ /ləʊm/ n
glina zwykła
type of soil

loan /loʊn/ /ləʊn/ n
pożyczka
borrowed sum of money or other property

loan /loʊn/ /ləʊn/ v
pożyczać
to lend

loanword /ˈloʊnwɝd/ /ˈləʊn.wɜː(ɹ)d/ n
zapożyczenie
word taken from another language

loathe /ˈloʊð/ /ˈləʊð/ v
nienawidzić gardzić
to detest, hate, revile

lobby /lɑbi/ /lɒbi/ v
lobbować
To attempt to influence

lobbyist /ˈlɑ.bi.ɪst/ /ˈlɒ.bi.ɪst/ n
lobbysta lobbista
A person paid to influence politicians

lobe /ləʊb/ n
płat
division of the brain
any projection or division, especially one of a somewhat rounded form

lobelia n
lobelia
plant

lobster /ˈlɑb.stɚ/ /ˈlɒb.stə/ n
homar
crustacean

local /ˈloʊkl̩/ /ˈləʊkl̩/ adj
lokalny miejscowy tutejszy
of a nearby location

locality n
sąsiedztwo
neighbourhood

locally adv
lokalnie
with respect to place

locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/ /ˈloʊkeɪt/ v
lokalizować namierzać
designate the site or place of

location /loʊˈkeɪʃən/ /ləʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
położenie lokalizacja
place

locative case n
miejscownik
case used to indicate place, or the place where

lock /lɑk/ /lɒk/ n
śluza
segment of a canal
zamek
something used for fastening
firing mechanism of a gun

lock /lɑk/ /lɒk/ v
zamykać na klucz zakluczyć
to fasten with a lock

locket /ˈlɑkɪt/ n
medalion
chained ornament

lockjaw n
tężec
disease

locksmith /ˈlɑksmɪθ/ /ˈlɒksmɪθ/ n
ślusarz
one who practices locksmithing

locomotive /ˌloʊkəˈmoʊtiv/ /ˌləʊkəʊˈməʊtiv/ n
lokomotywa
self-propelled vehicle that runs on rails

locoweed n
ostrołódka
plant of genus Oxytropis

locust /ˈloʊ.kəst/ /ˈləʊ.kəst/ n
szarańcza
type of grasshopper

lodge /lɑdʒ/ /lɒdʒ/ n
portiernia
porter's rooms

lodging /ˈlɑdʒɪŋ/ /ˈlɒdʒɪŋ/ n
kwatera nocleg
place to live or lodge

loess /lɜːs/ /ˈloʊ.əs/ n
less
sediment of eolian origin

loft /lɑft/ /lɒft/ /lɔft/ n
poddasze strych
an attic or similar space

lofty /ˈlɑfti/ /ˈlɒfti/ /ˈlɔːfti/ adj
wysoki
high, having great height or stature
szczytny wzniosły
idealistic

log /lɑɡ/ /lɒɡ/ /lɔɡ/ n
kloc kłoda polano
bulky piece of timber
kłoda
trunk of dead tree, cleared of branches

log in v
zalogować się
gain access to a computer system

log out v
wylogować się
to exit an account in a computing system

logarithm /ˈlɑ.ɡə.ɹɪ.ð(ə)m/ n
logarytm
The power to which a given base number must be raised in order to obtain a given number

logarithmic adj
logarytmiczny
relating to logarithms

logbook /ˈlɑɡ.bʊk/ n
dziennik pokładowy
nautical: book in which details from journey are recorded
dowód rejestracyjny
record of the ownership of a motor car
dziennik podróży
travel journal

logger /ˈlɑːɡɚ/ /ˈlɒɡə/ n
program logujący
one that logs
drwal rębacz
worker whose occupation is to harvest trees

loggerhead duck n
torpedówka falklandzka
Falkland steamer duck (Tachyeres brachypterus)

logging n
wycinka wyrąb
cutting trees

logic /ˈlɑdʒɪk/ /ˈlɒdʒɪk/ n
logika
mathematical study
method of human thought
any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness
formal or informal language

logical [ˈlɑdʒɪkəɫ] [ˈlɒdʒɪkəɫ] adj
logiczny
in agreement with the principles of logic
of or pertaining to logic
logiczny rozsądny
reasonable

logically adv
logicznie
in a logical manner

login /ˈlɒɡ.ɪn/ n
logowanie
logging in
login nazwa użytkownika
user's identification

logion /ˈloʊ.dʒi.ən/ /ˈləʊ.ɡɪ.ən/ n
logion
a saying that is attributed to Jesus but which is not in the Bible

logistics n
logistyka
planning and implementing the flow of goods and services

logo /ˈloʊɡoʊ/ /ˈləʊɡəʊ/ n
logo
visual symbol or emblem that acts as a trademark or a means of identification of an entity

logomachy /loʊˈɡɑ.mə.ki/ /ləʊˈɡɒ.mə.kɪ/ n
logomachia logomachie
dispute over the meaning of words

logopedics n
logopedia
study and correction of speech defects

logopedist n
logopeda
logopedist

logorrhea /ˌlɔ.ɡəˈɹiː.ə/ n
słowotok
excessive and often uncontrollable flow of words
excessive talkativeness

logotype n
logotyp
symbol used by organization, logo

loin /lɔɪn/ n
polędwica
cut of meat
lędźwie
part of the body

loincloth n
przepaska przepaska biodrowa
garment

loiter /ˈlɔɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈlɔɪtɚ/ v
kręcić się wałęsać się
to stand about without any aim or purpose

lolcat /ˈlɑl.kæt/ n
śmieszne koty
image macro of a kitten or cat with a humurous caption

lolicon n
lolikon
An individual fixated on young, generally prepubescent, girls

lollapalooza /ˌlɑləpəˈluzə/ /ˌlɒləpəˈluːzə/ n
odjazd rewelacja
outstanding; extreme; outrageous example of its kind

lollipop /lɑ.li.pɑp/ /lɒl.i.pɒp/ n
lizak
confectionery on a stick

lone wolf n
samotny wilk
criminal who acts alone
person who avoids the company of others
wolf that is not part of a pack

loneliness /ˈloʊnlinəs/ n
samotność
condition of being lonely

lonely /ˈloʊnli/ /ˈləʊnli/ adj
samotny
of person: unhappy by feeling isolated

loner /ˈloʊnɚ/ n
samotnik
one who lacks or avoids company

lonesome /ˈloʊnsəm/ /ˈləʊnsəm/ adj
samotny
unhappy due to being alone

long /ˈlɑŋ/ /ˈlɒŋ/ /ˈlɔŋ/ /ˈlɔːŋ/ adj
długi
having great duration
having much distance from one point to another

long /ˈlɑŋ/ /ˈlɒŋ/ /ˈlɔŋ/ /ˈlɔːŋ/ adv
długo
particular duration

long /ˈlɑŋ/ /ˈlɒŋ/ /ˈlɔŋ/ /ˈlɔːŋ/ v
pragnąć tęsknić wzdychać do
to wait, to aspire

long absent, soon forgotten proverb
długo nieobecny, szybko zapomniany
love fades away when people are distant

long ago adv
dawno dawno temu
at a time in the distant past

long in the tooth adj
stary
old, aged

long johns n
kalesony
full-length undergarments
garment for bottom half of the body

long jump n
skok w dal
athletics field event

long live v
niech żyje
prosper

long pepper n
pieprz długi
Piper longum, or its fruit

long time no see interjection
dawno się nie widzieliśmy kopę lat
idiomatic: I (or we) have not seen you for a long time

long weekend n
długi weekend
weekend extended by one or more days off

long-billed dowitcher n
szlamiec dlugodzioby
Limnodromus scolopaceus

long-eared owl /ˌlɒŋɪədˈaʊl/ n
sowa szara uszatka
Asio otus

long-haired adj
długowłosy
Having long, uncut hair on the head

long-legged adj
długonogi
having long legs

long-tailed duck n
lodówka
Clangula hyemalis

long-toed stint n
biegus smuklonogi
Calidris subminuta

longe /lʌndʒ/ n
lonża
long rope used while longeing

longevity /lɒŋˈdʒɛ.vɪ.ti/ n
długowieczność
the quality of being long-lasting, especially of life

longing /ˈlɒŋɪŋ/ /ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/ n
tęsknota pragnienie
melancholic desire

longitude /-tʃuːd/ /ˈlɑndʒəˌtud/ /ˈlɒnɡɪtjuːd/ n
długość geograficzna długość
angular distance
południk
imaginary line through North Pole and South Pole

longspur n
poświerka
a bird of the genus Calcarius

loofah n
trukwa
tropical vine

look /luːk/ /luːx/ /lʊk/ n
wygląd
physical appearance

look /luːk/ /luːx/ /lʊk/ v
wyglądać
to appear, to seem
patrzeć popatrzeć
to try to see

look after v
opiekować się
to watch, to protect

look at v
rzucić okiem
to study visually

look back v
obejrzeć się oglądać się
look behind oneself
wspominać wspomnieć
reminisce about the past

look down on v
patrzeć z góry
to regard or treat as inferior

look for v
szukać patrzeć za wypatrywać
search; seek

look forward to v
nie móc się doczekać
anticipate, expect, or wait for

look up to v
podziwiać
To show respect for

look who's talking phraseologicalUnit
powiedział, co wiedział powiedziała, co wiedziała

lookalike /ˈlʊkəlaɪk/ n
sobowtór
person physically resembling another person

looker n
patrzący
one that looks actively

looks /lʊks/ n
wygląd
appearance

loom /lum/ /luːm/ n
krosno
weaving frame

loon /ˈluːn/ n
nur
bird of order Gaviiformes

loop /luːp/ n
pętla
shape produced by a curve that bends around and crosses itself
programmed sequence of instructions
length of thread, line or rope

loop /luːp/ v
zapętlać zapętlić
to create an endless loop in a computer program

loophole /ˈluːphəʊl/ n
furtka luka kruczek
method of escape

loose /luːs/ adj
sypki
not compact
luźny
not fitting tightly
not fixed tightly
luzem
not packaged

loose /luːs/ v
puszczać puścić
to let go

loose lips sink ships proverb
nieostrożne gadanie zatapia statki

loosehead n
lewy filar
rugby player

loosely /ˈluːsli/ adv
luźno
not tightly

loosestrife n
tojeść
Lysimachia
krwawnica
Lythrum

loot /luːt/ v
szabrować
to steal from

looter /ˈlutɚ/ n
szabrownik
one who loots

lord /lɔɹd/ /lɔːd/ n
lord
aristocrat
gospodarz
master of a household
właściciel
property owner
pan
ruler, one having mastery over others

lordosis n
lordoza
excessive backwards curvature of the spine

lordship /ˈlɔɹd.ʃɪp/ /ˈlɔːd.ʃɪp/ n
pan
title

lose /luːz/ v
przegrywać przegrać
(transitive) fail to win
fail to be the winner
zapodziać zgubić
be unable to follow or trace (somebody or something) any longer
gubić tracić stracić zgubić
cause (something) to cease to be in one's possession or capability
tracić stracić
have (somebody of one's kin) die

lose one's mind /luːz wʌnz maɪnd/ v
oszaleć postradać zmysły
to become insane

lose weight v
chudnąć tracić na wadze zeszczupleć zrzucić zrzucić kilogramy
to become less heavy or obese

loss /lɑs/ /lɒs/ /lɔs/ n
straty zguba
strata porażka przegrana utrata
defeat
straty
engineering: power expended without doing useful work
strata
financial: the sum lost on balance
the result of no longer possessing something
strata utrata
grief caused by losing someone or something

lossless /ˈlɒs.ləs/ adj
bezstratny
not losing information

lossy /ˈlɒsi/ /ˈlɔsi/ adj
stratny
reducing the amount of information in data
subject to loss of signal strength
subject to various forms of power loss

lost /lɑst/ /lɒst/ /lɔst/ /lɔːst/ adj
zagubiona zagubiony zgubiona zgubiony

lost and found n
biuro rzeczy znalezionych
department, service or location where items that are found can be claimed by their owners

lostness n
zagubienie
quality of being lost

lot /lɑt/ /lɒt/ /lɔt/ n
los
anything used in determining a question by chance
przeznaczenie
that which happens without human design or forethought

lotion /ˈloʊʃən/ /ˈləʊʃən/ n
mleczko kosmetyczne
ointment that one rubs on the skin

lottery /ˈlɑtɚi/ /ˈlɒtəɹi/ n
loteria
scheme for the distribution of prizes by lot or chance

lottery ticket n
los
slip of paper drawn in a lottery

lotus /ˈloʊtəs/ /ˈləʊtəs/ n
lotos
plant of the genus Nelumbo

lotus eater n
Lotofag

loud /laʊd/ adj
głośny donośny hałaśliwy
noisy
krzykliwy
of a colour, clothing, etc.
głośny
of a sound

loudly /ˈlaʊdli/ adv
głośno
in a loud manner

loudness n
głośność
the physical strength of the sound pressure level
perceptual strength or amplitude of sound pressure

loudspeaker /laʊdˈspiːkə/ /ˈlaʊdspiːkɚ/ n
głośnik
transducer

louis d'or /ˌlui ˈdɔɹ/ /ˌluːɪ ˈdɔː/ n
ludwik luidor
any gold coin introduced in France by Louis XIII

loupe /luːp/ n
lupa
magnifying glass often used by jewellers and watchmakers

louse /laʊs/ n
wesz
insect
gnida menda
worthless person

louse /laʊs/ v
iskać
To remove lice

lousewort n
gnidosz
plant of the genus Pedicularis

lousy /laʊ.zi/ adj
zawszony
Infested with lice

lovage /ˈlʌvədʒ/ /ˈlʌvɪdʒ/ n
lubczyk lubczyk ogrodowy
a Mediterranean herb

love /lʊv/ /lʌv/ n
całusy
closing of a letter
miłość kochanie
object of one's romantic feelings; darling or sweetheart
miłość
strong affection
jajo zero
zero

love /lʊv/ /lʌv/ v
kochać się kochać
(euphemistic): to have sex with
uwielbiać kochać
be strongly inclined towards doing
kochać
have a strong affection for
care about; will good for

love affair n
romans
adulterous relationship

love at first sight n
miłość od pierwszego wejrzenia
an instantaneous attraction

love bite n
malinka
swelling on the skin

love handle n
boczki oponka
protruding area of fat on the side of the body

love is blind proverb
miłość jest ślepa
proverb

love letter n
list miłosny
letter about the author's love

love triangle /ˈlʌv ˌtɹaɪ.æŋɡəl/ n
trójkąt miłosny
situation in which two people vie for the love of a third

love-in-a-mist n
czarnuszka damasceńska czarnuszka
Nigella damascena

lovebird n
nierozłączka
a parrot of the genus Agapornis

lovely /ˈlʌvli/ adj
mili miła miłe miły
very nice, wonderful

lover /ˈlʌvə/ /ˈlʌvɚ/ n
miłośniczka miłośnik
person who loves something
kochanek kochanka
sexual partner

low /loʊ/ /ləʊ/ adj
niski
in a position comparatively close to the ground
not high in amount or quantity
small in height

low tide n
odpływ
the tide at its lowest level

low-budget adj
niskobudżetowy
Achieved with a relatively small financial outlay

lower house n
izba niższa
part of a parliament

lowest common denominator n
najniższy wspólny mianownik
smallest multiple of several denominators

lowland n
nizina
area which is lower than surroundings

loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ adj
lojalny oddany
firm in allegiance to a person or institution

loyalty /ˈlɔɪəlti/ n
wierność lojalność
the state of being loyal; fidelity

lozenge /ˈlɑzɪndʒ/ /ˈlɒzɪndʒ/ n
romb
rhombus

lubricant n
smar
substance used to reduce friction

lucid /ˈl(j)uːsɪd/ adj
jasny klarowny przejrzysty
clear; easily understood

luck /lʊk/ /lʌk/ n
szczęście
something that happens to someone by chance

luckily /ˈlʌkɪli/ adv
szczęśliwie
in a lucky manner

lucky /ˈlʌki/ adj
szczęśliwy
being good by chance
of people, having good fortune

lucky charm n
amulet talizman
object kept for good luck

lucrative adj
lukratywny zyskowny dochodowy
producing a surplus; profitable

ludicrous /ˈluː.dɪ.kɹəs/ adj
absurdalny niedorzeczny groteskowy idiotyczny
idiotic or unthinkable, often to the point of being funny

luge /luːʒ/ n
saneczkarstwo
The sport of racing on luges

luger /ˈluːʒ.ə(ɹ)/ n
saneczkarz
competer in the luge

luggage /ˈlʌɡɪd͡ʒ/ n
bagaż
traveller's containers

lukewarm /ˌlukˈwɔɹm/ /ˌluːkˈwɔːm/ adj
chłodny sceptyczny zdystansowany
not very enthusiastic
letni chłodny
temperature

lull /lʌl/ v
lulać
to cause to rest

lullaby /ˈlʌləbaɪ/ n
kołysanka
a soothing song to lull children to sleep

lumbago /lʌmˈbeɪɡoʊ/ /lʌmˈbeɪɡəʊ/ n
lumbago
lumbar-region backache

lumberjack /ˈlʌm.bə.dʒæk/ /ˈlʌm.bɚ.dʒæk/ n
drwal
person who fells trees

lumen /ˈlumən/ /ˈluːmən/ n
lumen
SI-unit for luminous flux

luminescence /luːmɪˈnɛs(ə)ns/ n
luminescencja
emission

lumpsucker n
tasza
scorpaeniform fish

lunacy /ˈluː.nə.si / n
niepoczytalność obłęd
state of being mad

lunar /ˈl(j)uːnə/ /ˈlunɚ/ adj
księżycowy miesięczny
of, pertaining to, or resembling the Moon

lunar eclipse n
zaćmienie Księżyca
when the Earth casts its shadow over the Moon

lunatic /ˈluːnətɪk/ n
szaleniec wariat
insane person

lunation n
lunacja
a month measured from a lunar phase until the return of that same phase
the name of term given the irregular period from one new moon until the next

lunch /lʌnt͡ʃ/ n
obiad
meal around midday

lunch /lʌnt͡ʃ/ v
jeść obiad
to eat lunch

lung /ˈlʌŋ/ n
płuco płuca
organ that extracts oxygen from the air

lung cancer n
rak płuca
cancer of the lung(s)

lunge /lʌndʒ/ n
rzut sztych
sudden movement

lunge /lʌndʒ/ v
rzucić się
to make a sudden movement

lungeing cavesson n
kawecan
halter

lungfish n
ryba dwudyszna
air-breathing fish of the class Dipnoi

lunokhod n
Łunochod łunochod
a Soviet lunar rover

lunula n
obłączek
pale area at the base of the fingernail

lupin /ˈluːpɪn/ n
łubin
any member of the genus Lupinus in the family Fabaceae

lupus /ˈluːpəs/ n
toczeń
autoimmune disease

lure /l(j)ʊə/ /lʊəɹ/ n
wabik
artificial fishing bait
mamidło pokusa ponęta
tempting or attractive object

lure /l(j)ʊə/ /lʊəɹ/ v
wabić mamić nęcić
to entice

lurk /lɜːk/ /lɝk/ v
lurkować
to view an internet forum without posting comments

luscious /ˈlʌʃəs/ adj
obsceniczny
obscene
kuszący
sexually appealing
przyjemny smaczny słodki
sweet and pleasant

luser /ˈluː.zə(ɹ)/ n
użyszkodnik
incompetent computer user

lust /lʌst/ n
pasja rozkosz
delightful cause of joy, pleasure
pragnienie
general want or longing
pożądanie żądza chuć
strong desire, especially of a sexual nature

luster /ˈlʌstɚ/ n
połysk
a shine, polish or sparkle
splendor
brilliance, attractiveness or splendor

lustration n
lustracja
restoration of credibility to a government by the purging earlier perpetrators

lute /l(j)uːt/ /luːt/ n
lutnia
stringed instrument

lutetium /ljuːˈtiːʃiəm/ n
lutet
chemical element with atomic number of 71

luthier /ˈluː.ti.ə/ /ˈluː.ti.ɚ/ n
lutnik
a person who, or a business which, makes or repairs stringed wooden musical instrument

lux n
luks
the derived unit of illuminance

luxurious /lʌɡˈʒʊɹ.i.əs/ adj
luksusowy luksusowa
being very fine and comfortable

luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/ /ˈlʌɡʒəɹi/ adj
luksusowy
indulgent

luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/ /ˈlʌɡʒəɹi/ n
luksus
something desirable but expensive
very wealthy and comfortable surroundings

lycanthropy /laɪˈkanθɹəpi/ n
likantropia
act of shapeshifting

lyceum /laɪˈsiːəm/ n
liceum
a public hall designed for lectures or concerts

lychee /ˈlaɪ̯t͡ʃiː/ /ˈlitʃiː/ n
liczi
fruit
tree

lycée n
liceum
a public secondary school in France

lye /laɪ/ n
ług
caustic alkaline solution

lyingly adv
kłamliwie

lymph /lɪmf/ n
chłonka limfa
the fluid carried by the lymphatic system

lymphoma /lɪmˈfoʊ.mə/ n
chłoniaki chłoniak
malignant tumor that arises in the lymph nodes or in other lymphoid tissue

lynch /lɪntʃ/ v
linczować zlinczować
execute without a proper legal trial

lynx /lɪŋks/ n
ryś
wild cat

lyre /ˈlaɪ.ə/ /ˈlaɪ.ɚ/ n
lira
stringed musical instrument

lyrebird n
lirogon
Australian songbirds of the genus Menura

lyric poetry n
liryka
lyric poetry

lyrical I n
liryczne ja

lyrics /ˈlɪɹ.ɪks/ n
słowa tekst tekst piosenki
the words to a song

lysine n
lizyna
essential amino acid, C₆H14N₂O₂

lysosome /ˈlaɪsəˌsoʊm/ n
lizosom
digestive organelle

m /ɛm/ v
metr
metre

macabre /məˈkɑb(ɹə)/ /məˈkɑːbɹə/ adj
makabryczny
ghastly, shocking, terrifying

macaque /məˈkɑk/ /məˈkɑːk/ n
makak
any monkey of the genus Macaca

macaroni /ma.kəˈɹəʊ.ni/ /ˌmækəˈɹoʊni/ n
makaron
type of pasta

macaw /məˈkɑː/ /məˈkɔː/ n
ara
various parrots

macchia /mæk.ɪa/ n
makchia makia
shrubland biota

mace /meɪs/ n
buława
ceremonial form of this weapon
buzdygan maczuga
weapon

macerate /ˈmæs.ə.ɹeɪt/ /ˈmæs.ə.ɹɪt/ v
macerować
to soften or separate by immersion in a liquid
umartwiać się
to subdue the appetite by a poor diet

machete /məˈʃɛ.ti/ n
maczeta
a sword-like tool

machicolation /məˌtʃɪkəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ /məˌtʃɪkəˈleɪʃən/ n
machikuły
opening between corbels that support a projecting parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, of a fortified building

machine /məˈʃin/ n
maszyna
a person who is very proficient
maszyna ustrojstwo
mechanical or electrical device

machine gun n
karabin maszynowy
type of firearm

machine language n
język maszynowy kod maszynowy
set of instructions for a computer

machine tool /məˈʃiːn ˈtuːl/ n
obrabiarka
tool used for machining

machine translation n
tłumaczenie maszynowe
act of translating something by means of a machine

machine-gunner n
kaemista
someone who uses a machine gun

mackerel /ˈmækɹəl/ n
makrela
edible fish

macramé /ˈmækɹəˌmeɪ/ n
makrama
textile

macrocephaly n
makrocefalia
a condition in which the head is abnormally large

macroeconomics /ˌmæk.ɹoʊˌiː.kəˈnɒ.mɪks/ n
makroekonomia
study of the entire economy

mad /ˈmæd/ /ˈmæːd/ adj
szalony
insane (adj.)

mad cow disease n
choroba szalonych krów
bovine spongiform encephalopathy

madam /ˈmæd.əm/ n
pani
polite term of address to a woman
burdelmama
woman who manages a brothel

madder /ˈmædə(ɹ)/ /ˈmædəɹ/ n
marzana
plant

made in China adj
wyprodukowano w Chinach
manufactured in the PRC

madeleine /ˈmadəleɪn/ /ˈmædələn/ n
magdalenka
small gateau in the shape of a scallop shell

madhouse n
wariatkowo
place resembling an insane asylum

madman n
szaleniec jebnięty obłąkaniec pomyleniec popierdoleniec postrzeleniec
An insane man

madness /ˈmad.nəs/ /ˈmæd.nəs/ /ˈmɛd.nɘs/ n
obłęd szaleństwo amok fioł kręciek niepoczytalność
insanity

madrasah n
madrasa medresa
school for Islamic theology

madrigal /ˈmædɹɪɡəl/ n
madrygał
either musical sense

maenad /ˈmiː.næd/ n
menada
follower of Dionysus

mafia /ˈmæfi.ə/ /ˈmɑfi.ə/ n
mafia
a crime syndicate

magazine /mæɡəˈzin/ /mæɡəˈziːn/ n
magazynek
ammunition clip or chamber enabling multiple rounds to be held before firing
skład amunicji
ammunition storehouse
czasopismo magazyn
periodical

mage /meɪdʒ/ n
czarodziej mag
magician, wizard or sorcerer

magenta /məˈdʒɛntə/ adj
magenta
colour

maggot /ˈmæɡət/ n
larwa czerw robak
dipterous insect's larva that eats decomposing organic matter

magic /ˈmadʒɪk/ /ˈmædʒɪk/ adj
magiczny
having supernatural talents, properties or qualities

magic /ˈmadʒɪk/ /ˈmædʒɪk/ n
magia czary
use of supernatural rituals, forces etc.

magic mushroom n
grzyb halucynogenny
mushroom-like fungus that has psychedelic effects

magic wand n
różdżka
wand used to perform magic

magical /ˈmædʒɪkəl/ /ˈmædʒɪkɯl/ adj
magiczny
relating to magic

magically /ˈmædʒɪkli/ adv
magicznie
in a magical manner

magician /məˈdʒɪʃən/ n
magik
performer of tricks
czarodziej czarownik magik
practitioner of allegedly supernatural magic
mag
spiritualist or practitioner of mystic arts

magister /ˈmædʒɪstə(ɹ)/ n
magister
The possessor of a master's degree

maglev /ˈmæɡ.lɛv/ n
kolej magnetyczna
train

magma /ˈmæɡ.mə/ n
magma
molten matter

magnanimous /mæɡˈnæn.ɪ.məs/ adj
wielkoduszny
noble and generous in spirit

magnate /ˈmæɡneɪt/ n
magnat
Powerful industrialist; captain of industry.

magnesite n
magnezyt
a form of magnesium carbonate, O₃, occurring as dolomite (with calcite) but rarely found in the pure state

magnesium /ˌmæɡˈnizi.əm/ /ˌmæɡˈniʒəm/ /ˌmæɡˈniːzi.əm/ n
magnez
chemical element

magnet /ˈmæɡnət/ n
magnes
piece of material that attracts some metals by magnetism

magnetic /mæɡˈnɛtɪk/ adj
magnetyczny
of, relating to, caused by, or operating by magnetism

magnetic field n
pole magnetyczne
a field of magnetic force

magnetic pole n
biegun magnetyczny

magneto /maɡˈniːtəʊ/ n
iskrownik

magnetoencephalography n
magnetoencefalografia
technique

magnifying glass n
lupa szkło powiększające
instrument

magnitude /ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ n
wielkość gwiazdowa
apparent brighness of a star
magnituda
energy of earthquake
długość norma wartość
of a vector
wielkość
size, etc.

magnolia warbler n
lasówka magnoliowa
Dendroica magnolia

magpie /ˈmæɡˌpaɪ/ n
sroka
bird of genus Pica

mahogany /məˈhɒɡəni/ n
mahoniowiec
tropical tree
mahoń
wood

mahout /məˈhaʊt/ n
kornak
elephant driver and keeper

maid /meɪd/ n
panna
young female

maiden /ˈmeɪdən/ n
dziewica
female virgin
panna dziewczyna
unmarried young female

maiden flight n
dziewiczy lot
the first flight of an airplane

maiden name n
nazwisko panieńskie nazwisko rodowe
married woman's original last name

maidenhead n
błona dziewicza hymen
hymen
dziewictwo
virginity

maidenhood /ˈmeɪd(ə)nhʊd/ n
dziewictwo
condition of being maiden

mail /meɪ̯l/ n
poczta
postal delivery system
kolczuga
armour consisting of metal rings or plates linked together

mailbox n
skrzynka pocztowa
box into which mail is put

mailman /ˈmeɪl.mən/ n
listonosz listonoszka
post office employee

main /meɪn/ adj
główny
chief, most important, or principal in extent, etc.

main clause n
zdanie główne
grammar: clause that can stand alone syntactically

main course n
danie główne drugie danie
main dish of a meal

mainly /ˈmeɪnli/ adv
głównie
chiefly; for the most part

mains /meɪnz/ n
sieć
domestic electrical supply

mainspring n
sprężyna napędowa
the principal spring of a clockwork mechanism

maintenance /ˈmeɪnt(ə)nəns/ n
konserwacja
keeping a machine or system in service

maize /meɪz/ n
kukurydza kukurydza zwyczajna
corn; a type of grain of the species Zea mays

majestic /məˈdʒɛstɪk/ adj
majestatyczny
having splendor or royalty

majesty /ˈmædʒ.əs.ti/ /ˈmædʒ.ɪs.tɪ/ n
majestat
the quality of being impressive and great

major /ˈmeɪ.dʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈmeɪ.dʒɚ/ adj
dur
music: of a scale that follows the pattern: tone - tone - semitone - tone - tone - tone - semitone

major /ˈmeɪ.dʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈmeɪ.dʒɚ/ n
major
military rank

major arcana n
wielkie arkana
Tarot cards

major third n
tercja wielka
interval of four semitones

majorette /ˌmeɪ.dʒəˈɹɛt/ n
mażoretka
dancer

majority /məd͡ʒɒɹɪti/ /məˈd͡ʒɑɹɪti/ n
większość
more than half
difference between the winning vote and the rest of the votes

make /meɪk/ n
marka
brand }}

make /meɪk/ v
czynić
to cause to be
sprawiać
to cause to do
konstruować robić
to construct
robić stworzyć tworzyć
to create
zmuszać
to force to do
wytwarzać produkować wykonać wykonywać wyprodukować wyrabiać
to produce

make a living v
zarabiać na życie
earn enough income

make a mountain out of a molehill v
robić z igły widły
to treat a problem as greater than it is

make an exhibition of oneself v
robić z siebie widowisko zrobić z siebie widowisko
to embarrass oneself in public

make do v
radzić sobie zadowalać się zadowolić się
to get by (with)

make ends meet v
wiązać koniec z końcem
get by financially

make friends v
zaprzyjaźniać się zaprzyjaźnić się
to befriend, to become closer
to create friendships

make head or tail of v
połapać się
understand even minimally

make it v
zdążyć zdążać
to succeed in doing something, for example in reaching a place, or getting there on time

make love v
kochać się uprawiać miłość
to engage in sexual intercourse

make one's bed and lie in it v
nawarzyć piwa
to create a difficult situation and endure unpleasant consequences

make out /meɪk aʊt/ /meɪk æɔt/ /meɪk ɘʉt/ /meɪk ʌʊt/ v
uprawiać seks
zrozumieć
to discern

make the bed v
słać łóżko ścielić łóżko
arrange sheets, etc smoothly and neatly

make up v
wymyślić
to invent, imagine, or concoct
pogodzić się
to resolve, forgive or smooth over an argument or fight

make yourself at home phraseologicalUnit
czuj się jak w domu czujcie się jak w domu

make-up artist n
charakteryzator charakteryzatorka makijażysta makijażystka
artist who applies makeup for theatrical, television, or film productions

makeshift /ˈmeɪkˌʃɪft/ adj
prowizoryczny
made to work or suffice

makeshift /ˈmeɪkˌʃɪft/ n
prowizorka
temporary substitution

makeup n
układ
composition
makijaż
cosmetics

makhorka n
tytoń bakun
Nicotiana rustica

mako shark n
ostronos
shark species

malachite /ˈmæləkaɪt/ n
malachit
colour
mineral

malapropism /ˈmæləpɹɑːpɪzəm/ /ˈmæləpɹɒpɪzəm/ n
malapropizm
the blundering use of a similar-sounding expression

malaria /məˈlɛə.ɹi.ə/ n
malaria
disease

malarkey /məˈlɑɹ.ki/ /məˈlɑː.ki/ n
brednie bzdura humbug
nonsense; rubbish

malaxator n
malakser
agent used to malaxate something

male /meɪl/ adj
męski
belonging to the sex which typically produces sperm, or the gender typically associated with it

male /meɪl/ n
samiec
animal of masculine sex
mężczyzna
human of masculine sex or gender

male chauvinist n
męski szowinista
A male advocate of male chauvinism

malevolence n
wrogość złowrogość
hostile feeling and attitude

malevolent /məˈlɛvələnt/ adj
wrogi złowrogi
having an evil or harmful influence
złowrogi wrogi
having or displaying ill will; wishing harm on others

malfunction /ˌmælˈfʌŋk.ʃən/ n
awaria
failure to function
wadliwe działanie
faulty functioning

malfunction /ˌmælˈfʌŋk.ʃən/ v
nie działać
to fail to function
wadliwie działać
to function improperly

malic acid n
kwas jabłkowy
the organic acid

malice /ˈmælɪs/ n
złośliwość
intention to harm

malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/ adj
wrogi złowrogi zły
Deliberately harmful; spiteful
złośliwy
Of, pertaining to, or as a result of malice or spite

malignant /məˈlɪɡnənt/ adj
szkodliwy
harmful, malevolent, injurious
złośliwy
tending to produce death

mallard /ˈmæl.ɑː(ɹ)d/ /ˈmælɚd/ n
kaczka krzyżówka
a common and widespread dabbling duck, Anas platyrhynchos

malleable /ˈmæli.əbəl/ adj
kowalny kujny
able to be hammered into thin sheets
podatny
liable to change

mallet /ˈmælɪt/ n
drewniany młotek knypel obijak podbijak
small maul

malleus /ˈmæl.i.əs/ n
chitynowa płytka młoteczek ząb
part of the mastax of rotifers
młoteczek
the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear

mallow /ˈmæloʊ/ /ˈmæləʊ/ n
ślaz
any of a group of plants in several genera of the taxonomic family Malvaceae

malmsey /ˈmɑ(l)mzi/ /ˈmɑːmzɪ/ n
małmazja
wine made from malvasia

malnutrition n
niedożywienie
lack of adequate nourishment

malodorous /ˌmælˈoʊ.də.ɹəs/ /ˌmælˈəʊ.də.ɹəs/ adj
cuchnący śmierdzący
having a bad odor
nieprzyzwoity
highly improper

malt /mɑlt/ n
słód
sprouted grain used in brewing

malt whisky n
whisky słodowa
whisky made from malted barley

malthouse n
słodownia
plant

maltose n
maltoza
the disaccharide C12H22O11

malvasia /ˌmalvəˈsɪə/ /ˌmælvəˈsi.ə/ n
małmazja
grapevine used to make malmsey

malware /ˈmæl.weə(ɹ)/ n
szkodliwe oprogramowanie złośliwe oprogramowanie
software developed to cause harm to a computer system

mamba n
mamba
venomous snake

mammal /ˈmæməl/ n
ssak
animal of the class Mammalia

mammillary body n
ciało suteczkowate
anatomy

mammography n
mammografia
X-ray examination of the breasts

mammoth /ˈmæməθ/ adj
mamuci
very large

mammoth /ˈmæməθ/ n
mamut
elephant-like mammal

mamzer n
mamzer
person of illegitimate birth

man /mæn/ [mɑn] [mɛn] [mɛən] n
mężczyzna człowiek mąż pan
adult male human
człowiek istota ludzka ludzie
human
pionek
piece in board games

man is a wolf to man proverb
człowiek człowiekowi wilkiem
humans prey upon one another

man of letters n
literat
a literary man

man overboard interjection
człowiek za burtą
cry indicating someone has fallen over the side

man-day n
osobodzień
one person's working time

man-hour n
osobogodzina
amount of work

man-made adj
syntetyczny sztuczny
created by a human

manacle /ˈmænək(ə)l/ /ˈmænəkəl/ n
kajdanki
shackle for the wrist

manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ v
dać radę udać się
to succeed at an attempt

management /ˈmænədʒmənt/ /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ n
zarządzanie
administration; the process or practice of managing

manager /ˈmæn.ɪ.dʒə/ /ˈmæn.ɪ.dʒɚ/ n
manager menedżer
administrator, for a singer or group
manager menedżer dyrektor kierownik
person whose job is to manage something

manatee /ˈmæn.əˌtiː/ n
manat
any of several plant-eating marine mammals, of family Trichechidae

mandarin /ˈmæn.də.ɹɪn/ n
mandaryn mandarynka
Chinese Imperial bureaucrat

mandarin collar n
stójka
short unfolded stand-up collar on a shirt or jacket

mandarin duck /ˈmændəɹɪn dʌk/ n
mandarynka
bird

mandarin fish n
jazgarz chiński
carnivorous freshwater fish

mandarin orange n
mandarynka
fruit

mandatory /ˈmæn.də.t(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmæn.dəˌtɔ.ɹi/ adj
obowiązkowy
obligatory

mandible /ˈmændɪb(ə)l/ n
żuchwa
lower jaw

mandola n
mandola
musical instrument

mandolin /ˈmændəlɪn/ n
mandolina
musical instrument

mandorla /mænˈdɔː(ɹ)lə/ n
mandorla
A vesica piscis-shaped aureola

mandrake n
mandragora alrauna
botany

mandrel /ˈmæn.dɹəl/ n
trzpień
component that guides, grips or clamps
object used as an aid for shaping a material

mane /meɪn/ n
grzywa
longer hair growth around head of male lions
longer hair growth on back of neck of a horse

manes /meɪnz/ /ˈmɑːneɪz/ n
many
spirits of the dead

maneuver /məˈnuːvə/ /məˈnuːvɚ/ n
manewr
a large training exercise of military troops
a movement, often one performed with difficulty

maneuver /məˈnuːvə/ /məˈnuːvɚ/ v
manewrować
to move carefully, and often with difficulty, into a certain position

manga /ˈmæŋɡə/ n
manga
comic done in Japanese style
comic originated in Japan

manganese /ˈmæŋɡəniz/ /ˈmæŋɡəniːz/ n
mangan
chemical element

mange /meɪndʒ/ n
świerzb
skin disease

manger /ˈmeɪn.dʒə(ɹ)/ n
żłób
trough for animals to eat from

mangle /ˈmæŋ.ɡəl/ n
maglownica
a hand-operated device with rollers for wringing laundry

mangle /ˈmæŋ.ɡəl/ v
maglować
to wring laundry

mango /ˈmæŋɡoʊ/ /ˈmæŋɡəʊ/ n
mango mangowiec
fruit
tropical fruit tree Mangifera indica

mangy /ˈmeɪndʒi/ adj
parszywy
afflicted with mange

manhole /mænhəʊl/ n
właz
a hole in the ground used to access the sewers or other underground vaults and installations

manhood /ˈmænhʊd/ n
męskość
male genitalia
state of being a man as distinguished from a child or a woman.

maniac /ˈmeɪniˌæk/ n
maniak
insane person
fanatic, obsessive

manicure /ˈmæ.nɪ.kjʊɹ/ n
manikiur manucure
cosmetic treatment for the fingernails

manifest /ˈmæn.ɪ.fɛst/ n
manifest
obsolete: public declaration

manifesto /ˌmæn.əˈfɛs.to(ʊ)/ /ˌmæn.ɪˈfɛs.təʊ/ n
manifest
public declaration

manifold /ˈmænɪˌfoʊld/ /ˈmænɪˌfəʊld/ n
rozmaitość
locally Euclidean space
kolektor
pipe fitting

manila /məˈnɪlə/ adj
manilowy manilski
made of manila paper
manilski
of or pertaining to Manila

maniple /ˈmænɪpəl/ n
manipuł
division of the Roman army
manipularz
vestment

manipulate /məˈnɪpjʊleɪt/ v
manipulować

mankind /mænˈkaɪnd/ n
ludzkość rodzaj ludzki
human race

manly /ˈmænli/ adj
męski mężny
having the characteristics of a man

manna ash n
jesion mannowy
Fraxinus ornis

mannequin /ˈmænəˌkɪn/ n
manekin
model of the human body used for the displaying of clothes

manner /ˈmænə/ /ˈmænɚ/ n
maniera
characteristic mode of acting or behaving; bearing
sposób
way of performing or effecting; method or style

mano a mano n
jeden na jednego
A head-on conflict or direct competition; a duel

manometer /məˈnɑmədəɹ/ /məˈnɑmɪtɚ/ /məˈnɒmɪtə/ n
manometr
instrument to measure pressure

mansuetude /mænˈsuət(j)ud/ /ˈman.swɪ.tjuːd/ n
delikatność łagodność
gentleness, meekness

mantis n
modliszka
any of various large insects of the order Mantodea

mantis shrimp n
ustonog
stomatopod

mantling n
labry
heraldry: drapery behind and around a coat of arms

manual /ˈman.j(ʊ)əl/ /ˈmænjə(wə)l/ adj
ręczny
performed with the hands

manual /ˈman.j(ʊ)əl/ /ˈmænjə(wə)l/ n
instrukcja podręcznik
handbook or booklet that instructs
manuał
musical keyboard

manually adv
ręcznie
by hand

manufacture /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃɚ/ /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃə/ n
manufaktura
action or process of making goods systematically or on a large scale
wyrób
anything made, formed or produced; product

manufacturer /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃɚ(ɹ)ɚ/ n
fabrykant fabrykantka wytwórca
one who manufactures

manul n
manul
Otocolobus manul

manure /məˈn(j)ʊɹ/ /məˈnjʊə/ n
gnój nawóz
excrement

manuscript /ˈmænjəˌskɹɪpt/ adj
odręczny rękopiśmienny
handwritten, or by extension typewritten

manuscript /ˈmænjəˌskɹɪpt/ n
rękopis maszynopis
book, article etc, submitted for reproductive publication
rękopis manuskrypt
book, composition or any other document, written by hand

manwhore n
męska dziwka męska kurwa
a man who sells his body for money; a male prostitute
promiscuous man

many /ˈmæni/ /ˈmɛni/ /ˈmɪni/ determiner
wiele
an indefinite large number of

many happy returns n
sto lat
Many happy returns!

many thanks interjection
wielkie dzięki
many thanks

map /mæp/ n
odwzorowanie
function
mapa
visual representation of an area

maple /ˈmeɪpl̩/ n
klon
tree of the Acer genus

maple syrup n
syrop klonowy
syrup made from the sap of the sugar maple

marabou n
marabut
large wading bird native to Africa

marathon /ˈmæɹəˌθɑn/ /ˈmæɹəθən/ n
maraton
road race

marble /ˈmɑɹbəl/ /ˈmɑːbəl/ n
marmur
crystalline limestone
kula kulka
spherical ball

marcasite /ˈmɑɹ.kə.sɑɪ̯t/ /ˈmɑːkəsʌɪt/ n
markasyt markazyt
mineral

marcassin /mɑːˈkasɪn/ n
warchlak
young wild boar

march /mɑɹtʃ/ /mɑːtʃ/ n
marsz
formal, rhythmic way of walking
song in the genre of music written for marching
political rally or parade
steady forward movement or progression
rubież
border region
marchia
region at a frontier governed by a marquess

march /mɑɹtʃ/ /mɑːtʃ/ v
maszerować
walk with long, regular strides

mare /mɛə/ /mɛəɹ/ /ˈmɑːɹeɪ/ n
mara
evil spirit

mare /mɛə/ /mɛəɹ/ /ˈmɛ(ə)ɹ/ n
klacz kobyła
female horse

margarine /ˈmɑɹ.dʒə.ɹɪn/ /ˈmɑː.dʒə.ɹɪn/ n
margaryna
spread

margay n
margaj ocelot nadrzewny
Leopardus wiedii

margin /ˈmɑːdʒɪn/ /ˈmɑːɹdʒ(ə)n/ n
margines
edge of the paper that remains blank

margravate /ˈmɑːɡɹəveɪt/ n
margrabstwo
territory governed by a margrave

margrave /ˈmɑɹɡɹeɪv/ /ˈmɑːɡɹeɪv/ n
margrabia
hereditary prince
military officer in charge of German border area

marigold /ˈmæɹ.ɪˌɡoʊld/ /ˈmæɹ.ɪˌɡəʊld/ /ˈmɛɹ.ɪˌɡoʊld/ n
nagietek
Calendula
aksamitka
Tagetes

marijuana /ˌmæɹɪˈwɑː.nə/ /ˌmɛɹɪˈwɑ.nə/ n
marihuana
the drug

marinade n
marynata
liquid mixture

marinate v
marynować zamarynować
soak in marinade

marine /məˈɹiːn/ adj
morski
of or pertaining to the sea

marine biology n
biologia morza
branch of biology

marionette n
marionetka
string puppet

marital /ˈmaɹɪtəl/ /ˈmæɹɪtəl/ adj
małżeński
pertaining to marriage

maritime /ˈmæ.ɹɪˌtaɪm/ adj
morski nadmorski
bordering on the sea
morski
relating to the sea

marjoram /ˈmɑɹd͡ʒəɹəm/ /ˈmɑːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəm/ n
majeranek
culinary herb
plant

mark /mɑɹk/ /mɑːk/ n
ocena
academic score
marka
unit of currency

marker pen n
marker
pen

market /ˈmɑɹkɪt/ /ˈmɑːkɪt/ n
rynek targ targowisko bazar
spacious site for trading

market square n
rynek
open area in a town housing a public market

marketing n
marketing
the promotion, distribution and selling of a product or service

marking gauge n
znacznik stolarski

marksman /ˈmɑɹksmən/ n
strzelec
a man skilled in shooting at a target

markup /ˈmɑː(ɹ)k.ʌp/ n
marża
increase in price
percentage or amount added to buy-in price
adiustacja
notation used to indicate how text should be displayed

marl /mɑɹl/ /mɑːl/ n
margiel
a mixed earthy substance

marmalade /ˈmɑɹ.mə.leɪd/ /ˈmɑː.mə.leɪd/ n
marmolada
jam

marmoset /ˈmɑɹməsət/ n
marmozeta
small monkey

marmot /ˈmɑɹ.mət/ n
świstak świszcz
rodent of the genera Marmota

maroon /məˈɹuːn/ adj
barwa kasztanowa kasztanowa
color

marquess /ˈmɑɹ.kwɪs/ /ˈmɑː.kwɪs/ n
markiz
title of nobility

marriage /ˈmæɹɪdʒ/ n
małżeństwo
state of being married
union of two people
close union
joining of two parts
ślub małżeństwo
wedding

marriage agency n
agencja małżeństwa
business

married /ˈmæɹ.id/ /ˈmæɹ.ɪd/ adj
zamężna
In a state of marriage; having a husband
żonaty
In a state of marriage; having a wife

married couple n
małżeństwo
two people who are married to each other

marrow /ˈmæɹoʊ/ /ˈmæɹəʊ/ n
kabaczek
kind of vegetable
szpik szpik kostny
substance inside bones

marry /ˈmæɹi/ /ˈmæɹɪ/ /ˈmɛɹi/ v
pożenić
figuratively: to combine
ożenić się żenić się
to take a husband or wife

marsh /mɑɹʃ/ /mɑː(ɹ)ʃ/ n
bagno mokradło moczar
area of low, wet land

marsh marigold n
knieć błotna
plant

marsh sandpiper n
brodziec pławny
Tringa stagnatilis

marsh tit n
sikora uboga
bird

marsh warbler n
łozówka
Acrocephalus palustris

marshal /ˈmɑɹʃəl/ /ˈmɑːʃəl/ n
marszałek
military officer of the highest rank
officer in the household of a medieval prince or lord
organizator
person in charge of the ceremonial arrangement and management of a gathering

marshal /ˈmɑɹʃəl/ /ˈmɑːʃəl/ v
porządkować uporządkować
to arrange facts
oprowadzić uroczyście wprowadzić
to ceremoniously guide
zdobyć zebrać zgromadzić
to gather data

marshalling yard n
stacja rozrządowa

marshland n
moczar
marshy land, bog, fen

marshmallow /mɑːʃˈmæləʊ/ /ˈmɑɹʃˌmɛl.oʊ/ n
pianka
confectionery
prawoślaz lekarski
plant

marshrutka n
marszrutka
share taxi

marsupial /mɑɹˈsupi.əl/ /mɑːˈsuːpi.əl/ n
torbacz
mammal of which the female typically has a pouch

marten /ˈmɑɹ.tən/ /ˈmɑː.tɪn/ n
kuna
mammal

martensite n
martenzyt
solution of carbon in iron

martial /ˈmɑɹʃəl/ /ˈmɑːʃəl/ adj
wojenny
of, relating to, or suggestive of war

martial art n
sztuka walki
fighting style

martial law n
stan wojenny
rules by military authorities

martingale n
wytok
piece of harness

martini /ˌmɑɹˈtini/ n
martini
cocktail

martyr /ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɑɹ.tɚ/ /ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/ n
męczennik
one who sacrifices their life for an important cause
one willing to be killed for religion

martyr /ˈmɐːtə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɑɹ.tɚ/ /ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/ v
zadać męczeńską śmierć
to make someone a martyr

martyrdom /ˈmɑː(ɹ).tə(ɹ).dəm/ n
męczeństwo
condition of a martyr
męka
great suffering

martyrology n
martyrologia
list of martyred Christian saints

marvelous /ˈmɑɹvələs/ adj
cudowny cudny zdumiewający
exciting wonder or surprise

marzipan /ˈmɑɹzəpæn/ /ˌmɑːzɪˈpæn/ n
marcepan
confection of almond paste, sugar and egg white

mascara /məˈskɑːɹə/ /ˌmæsˈkæɹə/ /ˌmæsˈkɑːɹə/ n
tusz do rzęs
eyelash cosmetic

mascaron /ˈmæskəˌɹɒn/ n
maskaron maszkaron
carved, ornamental face

mascarpone n
mascarpone
cheese

mascot /ˈmæsˌkɑːt/ /ˈmæsˌkɒt/ n
maskotka
something used to symbolize a sports team or other group

masculine /ˈmæskjulɪn/ /ˈmæskjələn/ /ˈmæskjʊlɪn/ adj
męski
belonging to males; appropriated to, or used by, males
having male qualities, not feminine or effeminate
of the male sex; biologically male, not female; manly
grammar: being of the masculine class, being inflected in the masculine manner

masculine /ˈmæskjulɪn/ /ˈmæskjələn/ /ˈmæskjʊlɪn/ n
rodzaj męski
(grammar) the masculine gender

mash /mæʃ/ n
miazga
a mass of mixed ingredients
zacier
in brewing
flirt
an infatuation, a crush, a fancy

mashed potatoes n
purée ziemniaczane
dish

mask /mæsk/ /mɑːsk/ n
maska
cover for the face
that which disguises

masochism /ˈmæs.ə.kɪ.zəm/ n
masochizm
the enjoyment of receiving pain or humiliation

masochist /ˈmæ.səˌkʰɪst/ n
masochista masochistka
someone who enjoys pain or humiliation

mason /ˈmeɪsən/ n
murarz kamieniarz
one who builds with stone or brick

mass /mæs/ n
masa
physics: quantity of matter which a body contains
quantity of matter cohering together to make one body
msza
religion: celebration of the Eucharist
religion: Eucharist
musical setting of parts of the mass
religion: sacrament of the Eucharist

mass media n
środki masowego przekazu
public communication that reaches a large audience

mass transit n
komunikacja miejska transport publiczny
transportation system

massacre /ˈmæs.ə.kə(ɹ)/ /ˈmæs.ə.kɚ/ n
masakra rzeź
intentional mass killing

massage /məˈsɑʒ/ /ˈmæsɑːʒ/ n
masaż
rubbing, kneading, or hitting muscled part of a body

massage /məˈsɑʒ/ /ˈmæsɑːʒ/ v
masować
to perform a massage on somebody

masseter n
mięsień żwacz
the large muscle which raises the under jaw, and assists in mastication

masseur /məˈsuːɹ/ /məˈsɜː/ n
masażysta masażystka
a person who performs massage

masseuse /maˈsɜːz/ /məˈsuːs/ n
masażystka
a female masseur

massif /mæˈsiːf/ n
masyw
principal mountain mass

mast /mæst/ /mɑːst/ n
maszt
support of a sail

mastectomy n
matektomia
surgical procedure to remove all or part of the breast

master /ˈmastə/ /ˈmæstɚ/ /ˈmɑːstə/ n
panicz
courtesy title for a boy
pan
courtesy title of a man
mistrz majster
expert at something
gospodarz głowa rodziny
head of a household
magister
master's degree
person holding a master's degree
kopia-matka
original of a document or of a recording
pan pani
owner of an animal or slave
kapitan
someone who employs others
władca
someone who has control over something or someone
mistrz
tradesman who is qualified to teach apprentices

master of ceremonies n
MC emce emsi
rapper
mistrz ceremonii
someone who conducts a program by introducing performers

master race n
rasa panów
race of people

master's thesis n
praca magisterska
thesis

masterpiece /ˈmæstɚˌpis/ /ˈmɑːstəˌpiːs/ n
arcydzieło
piece of work that has been given much critical praise

masterwork n
majstersztyk
piece done to be ranked a master

masterwort /ˈmɑːstəwəːt/ n
jarzmianka
Astrantia spp.
gorysz miarz
Peucedanum ostruthium

masturbate /ˈmaːstəbæɪt/ /ˈmæstəbeɪt/ /ˈmæstɚbeɪt/ v
masturbować się onanizować się uprawiać ipsację
to masturbate

masturbation /ˌmæstəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌmæstɚˈbeɪʃən/ n
masturbacja onanizm
manual erotic stimulation of the genitals

masturbator n
onanista
someone who masturbates

mat /mæt/ n
mata
athletics: protective pad

match /mæt͡ʃ/ n
dopasowywać dorównywać pasować do siebie
attribute equaling or exceeding
mecz zawody
sporting event
zapałka
device to make fire

match /mæt͡ʃ/ v
dorównywać pasować zestawiać
to agree; to equal

match point n
meczbol piłka meczowa
state in a game

matcha /ˈmæ.tʃə/ /ˈmɑ.tʃə/ n
matcha
powdered green tea for ceremonies

matchmake v
swatać
to do matchmaking: to set up a date between two people or to arrange a marriage

matchmaker n
swat swatka
someone who finds suitable marriage partners

matchmaking /ˈmætʃˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n
swatanie
attempt to make two people romantically interested in each other

matchstick n
zapałka
piece of wood

material /məˈtɪəɹɪəl/ /məˈtɪɹi.əl/ adj
materiał
related to matter
materialny
worldly

material /məˈtɪəɹɪəl/ /məˈtɪɹi.əl/ n
materiał
matter
cloth

materialism n
materializm
concern over material possessions
philosophical belief

maternal /məˈtɜɹnəl/ /məˈtɜːnəl/ adj
macierzyński matczyny
of or pertaining to a mother

maternal aunt n
ciotka macierzysta
one's mother's sister
wujenka
one's mother's sister-in-law

maternal uncle n
wuj wujek
brother of one's mother

maternity n
macierzyństwo
state of being a mother; motherhood
ciąża
state of being pregnant; pregnancy
porodówka
ward or department in a hospital in which babies are born

maternity leave n
urlop macierzyński
leave of absence

maternity ward n
oddział położniczy porodówka
hospital ward

math /mæθ/ /mɑːθ/ n
matematyka matma
short form of mathematics

mathematical /ˌmæθəˈmætəkəl/ /ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl/ adj
matematyczny
of, or relating to mathematics

mathematically adv
matematycznie
according to or using mathematics

mathematician /ˈmæθ(.ə)ˌmə.tɪʃ.ən/ n
matematyk matematyczka
expert in mathematics

mathematics /mæθ(ə)ˈmætɪks/ n
matematyka
field of study

maths /mæθs/ n
matma
short form of mathematics

matinee /ˈmætɪˌneɪ/ n
popołudniówka
a showing of a movie or theatrical performance in the afternoon

mating season n
okres godowy
time of year during which animals mate

matriarchy n
matriarchat

matricide n
matkobójstwo
killing of one's mother
matkobójca matkobójczyni
person who kills their mother

matrimonial adj
matrymonialny małżeński
relating to marriage

matrix /ˈmeɪtɹɪks/ /ˈmætɹɪks/ n
macierz matryca
math: rectangular arrangement of numbers or terms
two-dimensional array
macierz matrix
part of the mitochondrion

matsutake /maːtsuːˈtaːkiː/ n
gąska sosnowa

matter /ˈmætə/ /ˈmætɚ/ n
materia
basic structural component of the universe
sprawa
reason for concern

mattress /ˈmætɹɪs/ n
materac
a pad on which a person can recline and sleep

matura n
matura
final exam in certain European countries

mature /məˈtjʊə/ /məˈtʃʊ(ə)ɹ/ adj
dojrzały
fully developed

maturity /məˈtʊəɹəti/ /məˈt͡ʃʊəɹəti/ n
dojrzałość
state of being mature, ready or ripe
dojrzałość dorosłość
when bodily growth has completed and/or reproduction can begin

matzo /ˈmætsə/ /ˈmɑːtsə/ n
maca
thin, unleavened bread

mausoleum /ˌmɔ.səˈli.əm/ /ˌmɔː.zəˈliː.əm/ n
mauzoleum
large tomb

mauve /mɔːv/ /məʊv/ n
moweina
dye

maverick /ˈmævəɹik/ /ˈmævəɹɪk/ n
indywidualista wolny duch
one who is unconventional or does not abide by rules

maw-worm n
glista
any parasitic worm which infests the stomach

maxim /ˈmæk.sɪm/ n
maksyma
moral precept

may /meɪ/ v
móc
have permission to
możliwe, że móc
possibly, but not certainly
bodaj bogdaj niech niechaj oby żeby
subjunctive

may the Force be with you phraseologicalUnit
niech Moc będzie z tobą
wish someone luck

maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ adv
może
indicating a lack of certainty

mayfly n
jętka
insect of order Ephemeroptera

mayhem /ˈmeɪhɛm/ n
chaos bezrząd bezład
chaos
okaleczenie
infliction of violent injury

mayonnaise /ˈmeɪ.ə.neɪz/ /ˈmæn.eɪz/ n
majonez
dressing

mayor /ˈmeɪ.ɚ/ /ˈmɛə̯/ n
burmistrz prezydent miasta
leader of a city

maze /ˈmeɪz/ n
labirynt
Puzzle to get through

mazel tov /ˈmaz(ə)l ˌtɒf/ /ˈmɑz(ə)lˌtɔf/ interjection
mazzal tow
(Hebrew/Yiddish) congratulations or good wishes, especially at weddings

mazurka /məˈzʊə(ɹ)kə/ n
mazurek
dance

me too phraseologicalUnit
ja też
I agree

mead /miːd/ n
miód pitny
alcoholic drink

meadow /ˈmɛdoʊ/ /ˈmɛdəʊ/ n
łąka
field or pasture

meadow pipit n
świergotek łąkowy
bird

meadowlark n
wojak
songbird of Sturnella or Leistes

meadowrue n
rutewka
plant

meadowsweet /ˈmɛdoʊˈswit/ /ˈmɛdəʊswiːt/ n
wiązówka
Filipendula ulmaria

meal /miːl/ [miːʟ̩] n
posiłek jedzenie danie
food that is prepared and eaten
mączka
coarse-ground edible part of various grains

mealy /miːli/ adj
mączny
resembling meal

mean /miːn/ adj
średni
having the mean as its value

mean /miːn/ v
znaczyć
to convey, indicate
to signify
to result in; bring about
chcieć
to intend; plan on doing

meander /miˈændə(ɹ)/ /miˈændɚ/ n
zakole
winding, crooked or involved course

meander /miˈændə(ɹ)/ /miˈændɚ/ v
wić
to wind or turn

meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n
sens znaczenie
significance of a thing, as "the meaning of life"
znaczenie
symbolic value of something
definition or connotation of a word

meaningless adj
bez znaczenia
lacking meaning

means of production n
środki produkcji
combination of the means of labor and the subject of labor

means of transportation n
środek transportu
general term for the different kinds of transport facilities that are often used to transport people or cargo in many ways

meantime /ˈmiːntaɪm/ n
międzyczas

meanwhile /ˈmiːnhwaɪl/ /ˈmiːnwaɪl/ adv
tymczasem w międzyczasie
at the same time but elsewhere
tymczasem na razie w międzyczasie
during the time

measles /ˈmiːzəlz/ n
odra
acute highly contagious viral disease

measurable /ˈmɛʒəɹəbəl/ adj
mierzalny
able to be measured

measure /ˈmeɪʒɚ/ /ˈmɛʒə/ /ˈmɛʒɚ/ n
pomiar
act of measuring
środek
action to achieve some purpose
miara
criterion
miara rozmiar
size ascertained by measuring
special mathematical function

measure /ˈmeɪʒɚ/ /ˈmɛʒə/ /ˈmɛʒɚ/ v
mierzyć zmierzyć
ascertain the quantity of a unit

measurement /ˈmeʒ.ə.mənt/ /ˈmeʒ.ɚ.mənt/ n
pomiar
act of measuring
wielkość
magnitude determined by measuring

meat /mit/ /miːt/ n
mięso
animal flesh used as food
any sort of flesh
type of meat

meatball n
klops
meatball

meatless /ˈmiːtləs/ adj
bezmięsny jarski
without meat

meatloaf /ˈmitloʊf/ /ˈmiːtləʊf/ n
pieczeń rzymska
mixture of ground meat

meaty /ˈmiːti/ adj
mięsny
of, relating to, or containing meat

mechanic /məˈkænɪk/ n
mechanik
skilled worker on machinery

mechanical pencil n
ołówek automatyczny
pencil with a retractable lead

mechanics n
mechanika
a branch of physics

mechanism /ˈmɛkənɪzm/ n
mechanizm
mechanical means for the conversion or control of motion
mental, chemical, or physical process

mechanized infantry n
piechota zmechanizowana
branch of army

meconium n
smółka
contents of the fetal intestines

medal /ˈmɛdəl/ [ˈmeɾ.ɫ̩] [ˈmɛd.ɫ̩] [ˈmɛɾ.ɫ̩] n
medal
stamped metal disc

medalist /ˈmɛdəlɪst/ n
medalista medalistka
one who has received a medal

media /ˈmiːdi.ə/ /ˈmiːdɪə/ n
media
means and institutions for publishing and broadcasting information

median /ˈmiːdi.ən/ /ˈmiːdɪən/ n
mediana
statistics: measure of central tendency

medical /ˈmɛdɪkl̩/ adj
medyczny
of the practice of medicine

medicine /ˈmed(ɪ).sɪn/ /ˈmɛ.də.sən/ /ˈmɛ.dɪ.sɪn/ n
medycyna
field of study
lek lekarstwo medykament
substance which promotes healing

medicine ball n
piłka lekarska

medieval /mɪd.ˈi.vəl/ /ˌmɛd.i.ˈiː.vəl/ adj
średniowieczny
of or relating to the Middle Ages
having characteristics associated with the Middle Ages

mediocre /ˌmidiˈoʊkəɹ/ /ˌmiːdɪˈəʊkə/ adj
mierny średni
having no peculiar or outstanding features

meditate v
medytować
contemplate

meditation /mɛdɪˈteɪʃən/ n
medytacja
devotional contemplation
contemplative discourse

medium /ˈmiːdɪəm/ adj
średni
of intermediate size

medium /ˈmiːdɪəm/ n
medium
someone who supposedly conveys information from the spirit world

medium dry adj
półwytrawne

meek /mik/ /miːk/ adj
cichy pokorny
humble, modest, or self-effacing

meerkat /ˈmɪəkat/ /ˈmɪəɹkæt/ n
surykatka
small carnivorous mammal

meet /mit/ /miːt/ adj
odpowiedni
suitable, right; proper

meet /mit/ /miːt/ v
spotkać spotykać
encounter by accident
spotykać się spotkać się widzieć się zobaczyć się
see through arrangement
poznawać poznać
to get acquainted

meeting /ˈmitɪŋ/ /ˈmiːtɪŋ/ n
spotkanie
gathering for a purpose
encounter between people

mega- /ˈmeɪɡə/ /ˈmɛɡə/ prefix
mega-
multiplication factor one million

megabyte /ˈmɛɡəˌbaɪt/ n
megabajt
about a million bytes

megagram n
megagram
unit of mass equal to 1000 kilograms

megajoule n
megadżul
one million joules

megalomaniac n
megaloman megalomanka
one affected with or exhibiting megalomania

megaphone /ˈmɛɡ.əˌfəʊn/ /ˈmɛɡəˌfoʊn/ n
megafon
portable device used to amplify a person's voice

meitnerium /maɪtˈnɜɹi.əm/ n
meitner
chemical element

melancholic adj
melancholiczny melancholijny
filled with or affected by melancholy

melancholic n
melancholiczka melancholik
a person who is habitually melancholy

melancholically adv
melancholicznie
in a melancholic manner

melancholy /ˈmelənkəli/ /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑl.i/ n
melancholia
Sadness or depression

melange /məˈlɑnʒ/ n
melanż mieszanina
collection containing a variety of miscellaneous things

melanism n
melanizm
congenital excess of melanin pigmentation

melanoma /mɛləˈnoʊmə/ n
czerniak czerniak złośliwy
type of skin tumor

melatonin /ˌmɛləˈtoʊnɪn/ n
melatonina
hormone

melodrama n
melodramat
romantic drama

melody /ˈmel.ə.di/ /ˈmɛl.ə.di/ n
melodia
sequence of notes that makes up a musical phrase

melon /ˈmɛlən/ n
melon
fruit

melt /mɛlt/ v
topnieć stopić się stopnieć topić się
intransitive: to change from a solid to a liquid
rozpływać się topić się
to be very hot and sweat profusely
roztapiać stapiać topić roztopić
transitive: to change or be changed from a solid to a liquid

meltdown n
stopienie rdzenia reaktora jądrowego
severe overheating of the core of a nuclear reactor

melting point n
temperatura topnienia
temperature at which solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium

member /ˈmɛmbə/ /ˈmɛmbɚ/ n
członek członkini
one who officially belongs to a group
członek
organ, limb
penis

membership n
członkostwo
fact of being a member

membrane /ˈmembɹeɪn/ n
błona membrana
enclosing or separating tissue

meme /miːm/ n
mem
unit of cultural information
something copied and circulated online

memetics /mɛˈmɛtɪks/ n
memetyka
study of memes

memoir /ˈmɛmˌwɑɹ/ /ˈmɛmˌɔɪɚ/ n
pamiętnik
book describing the personal experiences of an author

memorable /ˈmɛm(ə)ɹəbl̩/ adj
pamiętny
worthy of being remembered

memorandum n
memorandum
brief diplomatic communication

memorize /ˈmɛm.əɹˌaɪ̯z/ v
nauczyć się na pamięć zapamiętać
to commit to memory, to learn by heart

memory /ˈmɛm(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɪm(ə)ɹi/ n
pamięć
ability to recall
RAM or ROM
wspomnienie pamięć
stored record

memory of a goldfish n
pamięć złotej rybki
a very poor memory

memory stick n
karta pamięci
memory card, flash card

men /mɛn/ /mɪn/ n
ludzie
human people

menagerie /mɪˈnædʒəɹɪ/ n
menażeria
collection of live wild animals on exhibition; the enclosure where they are kept

menaion n
Mineja
liturgical cycle

mendelevium /ˌmɛndəˈliːviəm/ n
mendelew
chemical element

mendicant /ˈmɛn.dɪ.kənt/ adj
żebrzący
depending on alms
żebraczy
of or pertaining to a beggar
mendykancki żebraczy
of or pertaining to a member of a religious order who begs

mendicant /ˈmɛn.dɪ.kənt/ n
żebraczka żebrak
beggar
mendykant
friar

menhir /ˈmɛnhɪə(ɹ)/ n
menhir
standing stone as a monument

meniscus /mɛˈnɪs.kəs/ n
łękotka
either of two parts of the human knee
menisk
the curved surface of liquids

menorah /mɪˈnɔːɹə/ n
menora
seven-branch candelabrum

mensiversary n
miesięcznica
day that is an exact month (or specified number of months) since the occurrence of an event

menstrual /ˈmɛn.stɹu.əl/ adj
miesiączkowy
of or having to do with the menses

menstruate /ˈmɛnstɹʊeɪt/ /ˌmɛnstɹuˈeɪt/ v
miesiączkować
to undergo menstruation

menstruation /ˌmɛnstɹuˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌmɛnstɹʊˈeɪʃn/ n
menstruacja miesiączka okres
periodic discharging of the menses

mental /ˈmɛntəl/ adj
psychiczny umysłowy
relating to the mind

mental hospital n
szpital psychiatryczny dom wariatów psychiatryk wariatkowo
facility designed to treat persons with mental disorders

mentality /mɛnˈtæləti/ n
mentalność
mindset

mentally /ˈmɛntəli/ adv
psychicznie umysłowo
in a mental manner

menthol n
mentol
cyclic monoterpene alcohol

mention /ˈmɛnʃən/ n
wzmianka
a speaking or notice of anything, usually in a brief or cursory manner

mention /ˈmɛnʃən/ v
wspominać wspomnieć
make a short reference to something

menu /ˈmɛnju/ /ˈmɛnjuː/ n
menu
details of the food to be served at a banquet
list from which the user may select an operation to be performed
printed list of dishes offered in a restaurant

meow /miˈaʊ̯/ interjection
miau
cry of a cat

meow /miˈaʊ̯/ n
miauczenie miauk
cry of a cat

meow /miˈaʊ̯/ v
miauczeć
of a cat, to make its cry

mercenary /ˈmɜː.sə.nə.ɹi/ /ˈmɝsəˌnɛɹi/ n
najemnik najemnica
person employed to fight

merchandise /ˈmɜːtʃənˌdaɪs/ /ˈmɜːtʃənˌdaɪz/ /ˈmɝtʃənˌdaɪs/ /ˈmɝtʃənˌdaɪz/ n
towar
commodities offered for sale

merchant /ˈmɜːtʃənt/ /ˈmɝtʃənt/ n
kupiec
person who traffics in commodities

merciful /ˈmɜːsɪfl̩/ /ˈmɝsɪfl̩/ adj
miłosierny
showing mercy

merciless /ˈmɜːsɪləs/ /ˈmɝsɪləs/ adj
bezlitosny niemiłosierny
showing no mercy; cruel and pitiless

mercilessness n
niemiłosierność
the property of being merciless

mercury /ˈməː.kjʊ.ɹi/ /ˈmɝkjəɹi/ n
rtęć
element

mercury-vapour lamp n
rtęciówka wysokociśnieniowa lampa rtęciowa
a gaseous discharge lamp

mercy /ˈmɜːsi/ /ˈmɝsi/ n
miłosierdzie
relenting; forbearance to cause or allow harm to another
forgiveness or compassion
tendency toward forgiveness

mere /mɪə/ /mɪɚ/ /ˈmɛɹi/ /ˈmɛɹɛ/ adj
zaledwie
the smallest amount

mere mortal n
zwykły śmiertelnik
ordinary person

merely /ˈmɪəli/ /ˈmɪɹli/ adv
tylko jedynie ino jeno
only, just, and nothing more

mericarp n
rozłupka rozłupki
an individual carpel of a schizocarp

meridian /məˈɹɪdi.ən/ n
południk
imaginary great circle on the Earth's surface

meristem n
merystem tkanka twórcza
zone of active cell division

merit /ˈmɛɹɪt/ n
zaleta
claim to commendation or a reward
zasługa
something deserving or worthy of positive recognition or reward

meritocracy /mɛɹəˈtɑkɹəsi/ /mɛɹɪˈtɒkɹəsi/ n
merytokracja
rule by merit

merlin /ˈmɝlɪn/ n
drzemlik
small falcon

merlon /ˈmɜː(r)lən/ n
merlon ząb
any of the projections between the embrasures of a battlement

mermaid /ˈməː.meɪd/ /ˈmɝ.meɪd/ n
syrena
mythological woman with a fish's tail

meronym /ˈmɛɹənɪm/ n
meronim
word denoting part of whole

meronymous adj
meronimiczny
relating to meronyms

meronymy n
meronimia
system of meronyms

merrily adv
wesoło
in a cheerful or merry manner

merry /ˈmɛɹi/ adj
wesoły
jolly and full of high-spirits

merry Christmas phraseologicalUnit
Wesołych Świąt Wesołych Świąt Bożego Narodzenia
good wishes at Christmas time

merry-go-round /ˈmɛ.ɹi.ɡoʊ.ɹaʊnd/ n
karuzela
carousel

mesentery /ˈmɛs.ən.təɹ.i/ /ˈmɛz.ənˌtɛɹ.i/ n
krezka
the membrane that attaches the intestines to the wall of the abdomen

mesh /mɛʃ/ n
siatka sieć
structure

meson /ˈmɛ.sɒn/ n
mezon
elementary particle

mesosphere n
mezosfera
layer of the Earth's atmosphere

mesothorax n
śródtułowie śródtułów
the middle of the three segments of the thorax of an insect

mess /mɛs/ n
bałagan nieporządek burdel
disagreeable mixture or confusion of things

message /ˈmɛsɪd͡ʒ/ n
wiadomość komunikat posłanie
communication, concept or information conveyed

messenger /ˈmɛs.n̩.d͡ʒə/ /ˈmɛs.n̩.d͡ʒɚ/ n
kurier posłaniec
one who brings messages

messiah /məˈsaɪ.ə/ n
mesjasz
ordained to lead the people of Israel
an extremely powerful divine figure

meta- /mɛ.tə/ prefix
meta-

metabolism /məˈtæbəlɪzəm/ n
metabolizm
complete set of chemical reactions that occur in living cells

metacarpus n
śródręcze
five bones of the palm

metacognition n
metakognicja
thinking about thinking

metal /ˈmɛtəl/ [ˈmɛ.ɾɫ̩] n
metal
atomic element or material made of such atoms
certain category of rock music

metal detector n
wykrywacz metali
a hand-held device
bramka wykrywacz metali
a structure, similar to a doorway

metalhead n
metalowiec
one who listens to heavy metal music

metallic /məˈtæl.ɪk/ adj
metalowy
made of metal

metalloid /ˈmɛtəlɔɪd/ n
metaloid półmetal
element

metallurgical adj
metalurgiczny
of or relating to metallurgy

metallurgist n
metalurg hutnik
person skilled in metallurgy

metallurgy /meˈtælədʒi/ /ˈmetələɹdʒi/ n
metalurgia
science of metals

metamorphic /ˌmɛtəˈmɔɹfɪk/ adj
metamorficzny

metamorphic rock n
skały metamorficzne
one of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth

metamorphosis /ˌmɛtəˈmɔːfəsɪs/ /ˌmɛɾəˈmɔɹfəsɪs/ n
metamorfoza przemiana
transformation

metaphor /ˈme.tə.fɚ/ /ˈmɛt.ə.fɔ(ə)ɹ/ /ˈmɛt.ə.fɔː(ɹ)/ n
metafora przenośnia
countable: word or phrase used in metaphor
uncountable: figure of speech

metaphorical /ˌmɛtəˈfɒɹɪkəl/ /ˌmɛtəˈfɔːɹɪkəl/ adj
metaforyczny
pertaining to a metaphor

metaphorically adv
metaforycznie w przenośni
in a metaphoric manner

metaphysical /ˌmɛtəˈfɪzɪkəl/ adj
metafizyczny
of or pertaining to metaphysics

metaphysics /mɛtəˈfɪzɪks/ n
metafizyka
branch of philosophy that studies first principles

metastasis /mɪˈtæstəsɪs/ n
metastaza przerzut
transference of a bodily function or disease to another part of the body

metathesis /mə.ˈtæ.θə.səs/ n
metateza
the breaking and reforming of double bonds in olefins in which substituent groups are swapped
metateza przestawka
the transposition of letters, syllables or sounds within a word

mete /miːt/ v
wymierzać wymierzyć
To dispense
mierzyć pomierzyć zmierzyć
To measure

metempsychosis /mɛtəmsʌɪˈkəʊsɪs/ n
metempsychoza
Transmigration of the soul

meteor /ˈmitiɚ/ n
meteor spadająca gwiazda
streak of light

meteorite /ˈmi.ti.əˌɹaɪt/ /ˈmiː.tɪ.ə.ɹaɪt/ n
meteoryt
remains of a meteor

meteoroid n
meteoroid
small debris in a star system

meteorological /ˌmitiəɹəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkl̩/ /ˌmiːtɪəɹəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/ adj
meteorologiczny
relating to meteorology

meteorologist n
meteorolog
person who studies meteorology

meteorology /ˌmiti.əˈɹɑːlədʒi/ /ˌmiːtɪəˈɹɒlədʒi/ n
meteorologia
science

meter /ˈmitəɹ/ /ˈmiːtə/ n
metrum
increment of music
miernik
measuring instrument

metformin n
metformina
oral drug

methane /ˈmiːθeɪn/ /ˈmɛθeɪn/ n
metan
the compound CH₄

methionine /mɛˈθaɪəˌniːn/ /mɪˈθʌɪəniːn/ n
metionina
amino acid

method /ˈmɛθəd/ n
metoda
(programming) subroutine or function in object-oriented languages
metoda sposób
process by which a task is completed

methodical adj
metodyczny
in an organized manner

methodological adj
metodologiczny
of, pertaining to, or using methodology

methodology /meθəˈdɒlədʒi/ /ˌmɜθəˈdɑlədʒi/ n
metodologia
a collection of methods, practices, procedures and rules used by those who work in some field
the study of methods used in a field

methylated spirit n
denaturat
ethyl alcohol used as a fuel and a solvent

methylation /ˌmɛθɪˈleɪʃən/ n
metylacja
addition of a methyl group

meticulous /mɨˈtɪkjɨlɨs/ adj
drobiazgowy skrupulatny
characterized by very precise, conscientious attention to details

metonymy n
metonimia
figure of speech

metre /ˈmiːtə/ /ˈmiːtəɹ/ n
metr
unit of length

metric /ˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ adj
metryczny
relating to metric system

metric /ˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ n
metryka
notion in mathematics

metric space n
przestrzeń metryczna
space (mathematics)

metrical foot n
stopa
basic unit of verse

metro station n
stacja metra
railway station for a rapid transit system

metrologist n
metrolog
one who studies of practices metrology

metrology /mɛtˈɹɒl.ə.dʒɪ/ /mɛˈtɹɑ.lə.dʒi/ n
metrologia
science of measurement

metronome /ˈmɛtɹəˌnoʊm/ /ˈmɛtɹəˌnəʊm/ n
metronom
a device used in music

metropolis /mɪˈtɹɒpəlɪs/ n
metropolia
large, busy city
colony’s mother city

metropolitan /mɛtɹəˈpɒlɪtən/ /mɛtɹɵˈpɑlɨtən/ adj
metropolitalny stołeczny
pertaining to a metropolis

metropolitan /mɛtɹəˈpɒlɪtən/ /mɛtɹɵˈpɑlɨtən/ n
metropolita
bishop empowered to oversee other bishops

metrosexual n
metroseksualny
man concerned with personal appearance

mew /mju/ /mjuː/ n
mewa
gull or seagull

mezereon n
wawrzynek wilczełyko
shrub

mezuzah /məˈzuːzɔː/ n
mezuza
piece of parchment attached to the doorpost of a house

miasma /maɪˈæzmə/ /miˈæzmə/ n
wyziew
noxious emanation originates from swamps and causes disease

mica /ˈmaɪkə/ n
mika łyszczyk
hydrous aluminosilicate minerals

micelle /maɪˈsɛl/ n
micela
colloidal aggregate

micro-region n
mikroregion
administrative system

microbiology n
mikrobiologia
branch of biology dealing with microorganisms

microcephaly n
małogłowie mikrocefalia
neurological disorder

microcomputer n
mikrokomputer
computer designed around a microprocessor

microdot n
mikrokropka
image that has been reduced in size to that of a dot

microeconomics /ˌmaɪkɹəʊˌɛkəˈnɒnɪks/ n
mikroekonomia
study of small-scale economic activities

microflora n
mikroflora
microscopic plant life

microgram n
mikrogram
µg

microgravity n
mikrograwitacja
very low gravity

micrometer /maɪˈkɹɑmɪtɚ/ /maɪˈkɹɒmɪtə/ /ˈmaɪkɹoʊmiːtɚ/ /ˈmaɪkɹəʊmiːtə/ n
mikrometr
one millionth of a meter

micrometer /ˈmaɪkɹoʊmiːtɚ/ /ˈmaɪkɹəʊmiːtə/ n
mikrometr
instrument

microorganism /ˌmaɪ.kɹoʊˈɔːɹ.ɡən.ɪ.zəm̩/ /ˌmaɪ.kɹəʊˈɔː.ɡən.ɪ.zəm̩/ n
mikroorganizm
an organism too small to be seen by unaided eye

micropaleontology n
mikropaleontologia
the study of microfossils

microphone /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfoʊn/ /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/ n
mikrofon
transducer of sound waves to electricity

microprocessor n
mikroprocesor
the entire CPU of a computer on a chip

microscope /ˈmaɪkɹəˌskoʊp/ /ˈmaɪkɹəˌskəʊp/ n
mikroskop
an optical instrument

microscopy /maɪ.ˈkɹɔ.skə.pi/ n
mikroskopia
study of microscopes

microwave /ˈmaɪkɹəʊˌweɪv/ /ˈmaɪkɹəˌweɪv/ n
mikrofala
electromagnetic wave

microwave oven /ˈmaɪkɹə(ʊ)ˌweɪv ˈʌv(ə)n/ n
kuchenka mikrofalowa mikrofalówka
oven using microwave energy

midbrain n
śródmózgowie
part of brain

middle /ˈmɘdɘl/ /ˈmɪdəl/ adj
środkowy
located in the middle; in between

middle /ˈmɘdɘl/ /ˈmɪdəl/ n
środek serce
centre, midpoint
środek
part between beginning and end

middle class n
klasa średnia
social and economic class

middle ear n
ucho środkowe
cavity in the ear

middle finger n
środkowy palec
finger between the forefinger and the ring finger

middle ground n
kompromis
a compromise position between extremes

middle of nowhere n
dziura tam, gdzie diabeł mówi dobranoc wygwizdów zadupie
remote place

middle-aged /ˌmɪdl̩ˈeɪd͡ʒd/ adj
w średnim wieku
of, or relating to middle age

middleman [ˈmɪdɫ̩ˌmæn] n
pośrednik
intermediate dealer between manufacturer and the retailer or customer

midfielder n
pomocnik
player

midget n
kurdupel
derogatory: any short person
karzeł
person of small stature of adult height less than 4'10"

midnight /ˈmɪdnʌɪt/ /ˈmɪdˌnaɪt/ n
północ
12 o'clock

midrib n
żyłka
strengthened vein down the middle of a flower petal or leaf

midwife /ˈmɪd.waɪf/ n
akuszerka położna akuszer
person who assists women in childbirth

miffed /mɪft/ adj
poirytowany
somewhat indignant, irritated, angry, put out or annoyed

might /maɪt/ n
zdolność
ability
moc potęga
personal power
siła
physical strength

might /maɪt/ v
można by
indicator of conditional or possible actions

mignonette /ˌminjəˈnɛt/ /ˌmɪnjəˈnɛt/ n
rezeda wonna
the plant Reseda odorata

migraine /ˈmaɪɡɹeɪn/ n
migrena
headache usually affecting only one side of the head

migration /maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
migracja
moving a place to live to another

mikveh /ˈmɪkfə/ /ˈmɪkvə/ n
mykwa
ritual bath in which various Jewish purifications are performed

mild /ˈmaɪld/ adj
łagodny
gentle; pleasant; kind; soft

mildew /ˈmɪl.d(j)u/ /ˈmɪl.djuː/ n
pleśń
growth of minute fungi

mildew /ˈmɪl.d(j)u/ /ˈmɪl.djuː/ v
pleśnieć
to become tainted with mildew

mile /maɪ̯l/ n
mila
measure of length

mileage /ˈmaɪlədʒ/ n
kilometrówka
allowance for travel expenses per distance travelled
przebieg
total distance travelled

milestone n
kamień milowy
one of a series of numbered markers placed along a road at regular intervals
important event

miliaria n
potówka
rash

milieu /miˈljø/ /mɪlˈju/ /ˈmiːl.jɜː/ n
otoczenie środowisko
person’s social setting or environment

military /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tɛɹ.i/ /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tɹi/ adj
wojskowy
(North America) relating to armed forces such as the army, marines, navy and air force
relating to armies or ground forces
wojskowy wojenny
characteristic of members of the armed forces
wojenny
relating to war

military rank n
stopień wojskowy
grade conferred upon officers

military service n
służba wojskowa żołnierka
service in an army

militia /məˈlɪʃə/ n
milicja
army of trained civilians called upon in time of need

militiaman n
milicjant
member of a militia

militiawoman n
milicjantka
female member of a militia

milk /mɪlk/ n
mleko
liquid

milk /mɪlk/ v
doić
to express milk from mammal
to express any liquid

milk tea n
herbata z mlekiem
beverage containing a combination of cow's milk and tea

milk tooth n
ząb mleczny
tooth of the first set of teeth

milk-vetch n
traganek
Astragalus

milkmaid /ˈmɪlkmeɪd/ n
dojarka mleczarka
a young woman who milks the cows on a farm

milkman /ˈmɪlkmən/ n
mleczarz
man who delivers milk early in the morning

milkshake [ˈmɪɫk.ʃeɪk] n
koktail mleczny shake
milk and ice cream beverage

milkweed n
trojeść
a plant

milkwort n
krzyżownica
Polygala

milky /ˈmɪlki/ adj
mleczny
resembling milk in color or consistency

milky stork n
dławigad malajski
Mycteria cinerea

mill /mɪl/ n
młyn
building housing a grinding apparatus
grinding apparatus
fabryka
manufacturing plant
building housing a manufacturing plant

mill /mɪl/ v
mleć
grind or process using a mill or other machine

millennium /mɪˈlɛnɪəm/ n
tysiąclecie milenium
thousand-year period

miller /ˈmɪlɚ/ n
młynarz młynarka
person

millet /ˈmɪlɛt/ /ˈmɪlɪt/ n
proso
any of a group of various types of grass or its grains used as food

milli- /ˈmɪlɪ/ prefix
mili-
prefix

millilitre n
mililitr
a unit of volume

millimeter n
milimetr
unit of measure

millimetric adj
milimetrowy
size

milling cutter n
frez
rotary cutting tool

milling machine n
frezarka
machine

million /ˈmɪljən/ n
milion
cardinal number

millionaire n
milioner milionerka
somebody whose wealth is greater than one million

millionth /ˈmɪljənθ/ adj
milionowy
millionth

millipede /ˈmɪləpid/ n
stonoga dwuparzec krocionóg
elongated arthropod

millisecond /ˈmɪlɪˌsɛkənd/ n
milisekunda
one one-thousandth of a second

milt /mɪlt/ n
mlecz
fish semen

milter n
mleczak
male fish

mime /maɪm/ n
mim
classical theatrical entertainment
pantomima
pantomime
mim mimik pantomimista
pantomime actor

mimic /ˈmɪm.ɪk/ v
imitować
biology: to take on the appearance of another, for protection or camouflage
przedrzeźniać
to imitate, especially in order to ridicule

mimosa /mɪˈmoʊ.sə/ /mɪˈməʊ.sə/ n
mimoza
plant belonging to the genus Mimosa

minarchism /ˈmɪnəˌkɪzəm/ /ˈmɪnɚˌkɪzəm/ n
minarchizm
government with the least necessary power over its citizens

minaret /mɪnəˈɹɛt/ /ˈmɪnəɹɛt/ n
minaret
mosque tower

mince /mɪns/ n
mięso mielone
finely chopped meat

mince /mɪns/ v
mielić
chop fine

mind /maɪnd/ n
umysł rozum
ability for rational thought

mindset n
sposób myślenia
a way of thinking

mine /maɪn/ n
kopalnia mina
excavation from which ore is extracted
mina
military: exploding device

mine /maɪn/ pronoun
mój moi moja moje
that which belongs to me

mine /maɪn/ v
wydobywać
to remove ore from the ground
minować zaminować
to sow mines in

minecart n
wagonetka
a wheeled container that travels on tracks, used for moving mining materials

minelayer n
stawiacz min
ship capable of laying mines

miner /ˈmaɪnə/ n
górnik
person who works in a mine

mineral /ˈmɪ.nəɹ.əl/ adj
mineralny
relating to or containing minerals

mineral /ˈmɪ.nəɹ.əl/ n
minerał
in geology
as opposed to animal and vegetable
in nutrition

mineral water n
woda mineralna
water containing dissolved minerals

mineralogy /ˌmɪnəˈɹɑlədʒi/ /ˌmɪnəˈɹɒlədʒi/ n
mineralogia
the study or science of minerals

minibus n
mikrobus
a small bus

minim /ˈmɪ.nɪm/ n
półnuta
A half note, drawn as a semibreve with a stem

minimal pair n
para minimalna
Pair of words

minimalism n
minimalizm

minimalist adj
minimalistyczny
believing in or seeking a minimal state

minimalist n
minimalista
one who believes in or seeks a minimal state

minimum wage n
płaca minimalna
lowest rate of pay that an employer can legally pay

mining /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/ n
górnictwo
activity of removing solid valuables from the earth

minion /ˈmɪnjən/ n
sługa
loyal servant of another more powerful being
pomagier sługus
sycophantic follower

minister /ˈmɪnɨstɚ/ /ˈmɪnɪstə/ n
pastor
person who is trained to perform religious ceremonies at a Protestant church
minister
politician who heads a ministry

ministry /ˈmɪnɪstɹi/ n
ministerstwo
government department

mink /mɪŋk/ n
norka
mammal

minnow /ˈmɪnəʊ/ n
płotka
a small freshwater fish
any small fish

minor key n
tonacja molowa
music: a musical key based upon a minor scale

minor premise n
subsumpcja
premise

minority /maɪˈnɑɹ.ɪ.ti/ /maɪˈnɒɹ.ɪ.ti/ /maɪˈnɔɹ.ɪ.ti/ n
mniejszość
subgroup that does not form a numerical majority

minotaur /ˈmɪnɵˌtɑɹ/ /ˈmɪnɵˌtɔː(ɹ)/ n
minotaur
monster with the head of a bull and the body of a man

mint /mɪnt/ adj
miętowy
colour

mint /mɪnt/ n
mennica
money-producing building or institution
mięta
plant
herb flavouring

minuend /ˈmɪnjʊˌɛnd/ n
odjemna
number from which another is subtracted

minuet n
menuet
dance
music accompanying the dance

minus /ˈmaɪnəs/ adj
ujemny
negative

minus /ˈmaɪnəs/ preposition
minus
mathematics: less

minus sign n
minus
symbol used to denote the operation of subtraction and to indicate that a number is negative

minute /ˈmɪnɪt/ adj
malutki
very small

minute /ˈmɪnɪt/ n
notatka protokół
record of meeting
minuta chwila minutka moment
short but unspecified period of time
minuta
unit of angular measure
unit of time
minute of use of telephone network

minyan /ˈmɪn.jən/ n
minjan
minimum number of ten adult Jews required for a communal religious service

mirabilite n
mirabilit
saline evaporite consisting of sodium sulfate

miracle /ˈmiɹəkəl/ /ˈmɪɹəkəl/ n
cud dziw
wonderful event attributed to supernatural powers

mirage /mɪˈɹɑːdʒ/ /mɪˈɹɑːʒ/ n
miraż fatamorgana
an optical phenomenon

mirepoix n
włoszczyzna
combination of vegetables and herbs

mirror /ˈmiɹ.ɚ/ /ˈmɪɹ.ə/ n
lustro zwierciadło
smooth reflecting surface

mirror image n
odbicie lustrzane
reversed image

misandry /mɪˈsændɹi/ n
mizoandria
hatred of or prejudice against men

misanthrope /ˈmɪs.ənˌθɹoʊp/ n
mizantrop mizantropka
one who hates all mankind

misanthropic /ˌmɪ.sənˈθɹɒ.pɪk/ /ˌmɪs.ənˈθɹɑp.ɪk/ adj
mizantropijny
hating or disliking mankind

misanthropy n
mizantropia
hatred or dislike of people or mankind

misappropriate /ˌmɪs.əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.eɪt/ /ˌmɪs.əˈpɹəʊ.pɹɪ.eɪt/ v
sprzeniewierzyć
to use something wrongly, or illegally

misappropriation n
defraudacja malwersacja sprzeniewierzenie

misbaha n
tasbih
set of Islamic prayer beads

misbehave v
broić być niegrzecznym rojbrować łobuzować źle się zachowywać
act in an inappropriate manner

misbehavior /ˌmɪsbəˈheɪvjə/ /ˌmɪsbəˈheɪvjɚ/ n
złe zachowanie
conduct that is inappropriate

miscarriage /ˈmɪs.kæɹ.ədʒ/ /ˈmɪskaɹɪdʒ/ n
poronienie
termination of pregnancy

miscarry /ˌmɪsˈkæɹi/ v
poronić ronić
to abort a foetus

miscellaneous /ˌmɪsəˈleɪnɪəs/ adj
różnorodny różny rozmaity
consisting of a variety of ingredients or parts

mischief /ˈmɪstʃɪf/ n
niegodziwość szkoda
harm or trouble caused by an agent or brought about by a particular cause

misdemeanor /ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnə(ɹ)/ n
wykroczenie
small crime

miser /ˈmaɪzə(ɹ)/ n
dusigrosz sknera skąpiec
skinflint or scrooge

miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/ adj
nędzny
in a state of misery

misericord n
mizerykordia
medieval dagger

miserly /ˈmaɪ.zə(ɹ).li/ adj
skąpy
like a miser; very covetous; stingy

misery /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹɪ/ n
męka nieszczęście
great unhappiness

misfortune /mɪsˈfɔɹtʃən/ /mɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n
pech
bad luck
an undesirable event such as an accident

misheard /ˈmɪshɜɹd/ v
przesłyszeć się
Past tense of mishear

mishmash /ˈmɪʃˌmæʃ/ n
miszmasz
a collection of miscellany

mislead /mɪsˈliːd/ v
mylić wprowadzać w błąd wprowadzić w błąd zmylić
lead in a false direction

misogyny /mɪˈsɑdʒ.ɪ.ni/ /mɪˈsɒdʒ.ɪ.ni/ n
mizoginia mizoginizm
hatred or contempt for women

misplace /mɪsˈpleɪs/ v
zagubić zapodziać zgubić
to put something somewhere and then forget its location

miss /mɪs/ n
chybienie pudło
a failure to hit
panna niezamężna
unmarried woman

miss /mɪs/ v
spóźnić się
to be late for something
chybić spudłować nie trafić
to fail to hit
nie rozumieć
to fail to understand
cknić się cnić się tęsknić
to feel the absence of someone or something; to feel the want or need of

miss out v
opuszczać opuścić
to miss something that should not be missed

missile /ˈmɪsaɪl/ n
pocisk
air-based weapon
rakieta
self-propelled, guidable projectile

missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/ adj
brakujący zaginiony
not able to be located

mission /ˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ n
misja
religious evangelism
set of tasks that fulfills a purpose

missionary /ˈmɪʃən(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˈmɪʃəˌnɛɹɪ/ adj
misjonarski misyjny
relating to a mission

missionary /ˈmɪʃən(ə)ɹɪ/ /ˈmɪʃəˌnɛɹɪ/ n
misjonarz misjonarka
person traveling to spread a religion

missionary position n
pozycja misjonarska
position for sexual intercourse

missive /ˈmɪsɪv/ n
list pismo
a written message

misspelling n
błąd ortograficzny byk
misspelt word

mist /mɪst/ n
mgła
Water or other liquid finely suspended in air

mist /mɪst/ v
zajść
To be covered by tears
pokryć zaparować
To cover with a mist
zamglić się
To form mist
zraszać zrosić
To spray fine droplets on

mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n
pomyłka błąd
an error

mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ v
pomylić się
To make an error
pomylić
to take one thing for another

mister /ˈmɪstəɹ/ [ˈmɪstə(ɹ)] [ˈmɪstɚ] n
pan
title of adult male

mistle thrush n
paszkot
Turdus viscivorus

mistletoe /ˈmɪs(ə)ltəʊ/ /ˈmɪsəlˌtoʊ/ n
jemioła
any of several hemiparasitic evergreen plants of the order Santalales

mistress /ˈmɪstɹɪs/ n
kochanka
woman in extramarital relationship
pani
woman of authority

mistrust /mɪsˈtɹʌst/ n
nieufność
lack of trust

misty /ˈmɪsti/ adj
mglisty
with mist; foggy

misunderstanding n
nieporozumienie
mistake

mite /maɪt/ n
roztocz roztocze
arachnid

mitigate /ˈmɪt.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ v
zminimalizować zmniejszyć złagodzić
to reduce, lessen, or decrease

mitochondrion n
mitochondrium
respiratory organelle

mitosis /maɪˈtoʊsɪs/ n
mitoza
division of a cell nucleus

mitre /ˈmaɪtəɹ/ n
mitra
a covering for the head, worn on solemn occasions by church dignitaries

mitten /ˈmɪtn̩/ /ˈmɪʔn̩/ n
mitenka mitynka
type of glove

mitzvah n
micwa
an act of kindness
any of the 613 commandments of Jewish law

mix /ˈmɪks/ v
mieszać
stir two or more substances together

mixed doubles n
mikst
game between two male-female teams

mixer n
mikser robot kuchenny
blender

mixture /ˈmɪkstʃə/ /ˈmɪkstʃɚ/ n
mieszanie zmieszanie
act of mixing
mikstura specyfik
medicinal compound
mieszanina mieszanka
something produced by mixing

moa /ˈmɒʌ/ /ˈməʊə/ n
moa
extinct bird

moan /moʊn/ /məʊn/ n
jęk
a low cry of pain

moan /moʊn/ /məʊn/ v
narzekać
to complain
jęczeć
to make a moan or similar sound

moat /moʊt/ /məʊt/ n
fosa
defensive ditch

mobile /ˈmoʊbil/ /ˈmoʊbəl/ /ˈməʊ.baɪl/ /ˈməʊbaɪl/ adj
ruchomy mobilny przenośny
capable of being moved

mobile game n
gra na komórkę gra na telefon komórkowy
electronic game played using a cellular phone

mobile phone n
komórka telefon komórkowy telefon
portable telephone

mobilization n
mobilizacja
marshalling of troops and national resources in preparation for war

moccasin /ˈmɑkəsɪn/ /ˈmɒkəsɪn/ n
mokasyn
modern shoe

mock /mɑk/ /mɒk/ adj
sztuczny udawany
imitation, not genuine

mock /mɑk/ /mɒk/ v
kpić wyśmiewać się
to taunt

mock-orange n
jaśminowiec
Philadelphus sp.

mocker n
kpiarz
one who mocks

mockingbird /ˈmɑkɪŋˌbɝd/ n
przedrzeźniacz
songbird of the family Mimidae

mockingness n
szyderczość
condition of being mocking

mockup /mɒk.ʌp/ n
makieta
a full-scale working model of something

modal adj
modalny
of, relating to, or describing the mood of a clause

modal verb n
czasownik modalny
a kind of verb

mode /moʊd/ /məʊd/ n
tryb
in computing
dominanta wartość modalna
in statistics
metoda sposób
means of accomplishing something
moda styl
style or fashion

model /ˈmɑdl̩/ /ˈmɒdl̩/ adj
podręcznikowy wzorcowy
worthy of being a model

model /ˈmɑdl̩/ /ˈmɒdl̩/ n
model makieta
miniature
model modelka
person
wzór model
praiseworthy example
model
style
simplified representation
structural design

modem /ˈmoʊdəm/ /ˈməʊdəm/ n
modem
device that encodes digital computer signals into analog/analogue telephone signals

moderately adv
średnio
to a moderate degree

moderation /ˌmɑdəˈɹeɪʃən/ /ˌmɒdəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
moderacja
moderating a discussion: supervision; mediation
umiar wstrzemięźliwość
state or quality of being moderate; avoidance of extremes

moderator n
moderator
(Internet) A person who enforces the rules of a forum
someone who moderates

modern /ˈmɑdɚn/ /ˈmɒd(ə)n/ adj
nowoczesny współczesny
pertaining to the current time and style

modernist adj
modernistyczny
relating to modernism

modernist n
modernista modernistka
follower of modernism

modernity /məˈdɜː(ɹ)n.ɪ.ti/ n
nowożytność
modern times
nowoczesność
quality of being modern

modernize /ˈmɑdɚnaɪz/ /ˈmɒdənaɪz/ v
modernizować unowocześniać unowocześnić zmodernizować
bring something up to date
become modern

modernly adv
nowocześnie
in a modern manner

modest /ˈmɑdəst/ adj
skromny
not bragging or boasting about oneself or one's achievements
skromny niewielki
small

modesty /ˈmɒd.ə.sti/ n
skromność
the quality of being modest
moderate behaviour; reserve
pudency, avoidance of sexual explicitness

modifier /ˈmɑdɪfaɪɚ/ /ˈmɒdɪfaɪə/ n
przydawka
grammar: qualifying word, clause or phrase

modify /ˈmɑdɪfaɪ/ /ˈmɒdɪfaɪ/ v
modyfikować
to change part of

module /ˈmɑdʒuːl/ /ˈmɒdjuːl/ n
moduł
self-contained component of a system

mogul /ˈməʊɡ(ə)l/ n
potentat
a rich or powerful person
mulda
a hump on a skiing piste

mohair /ˈməʊhɛə/ n
moher
fine hair of the Angora goat

mohel /ˈmɔɪ.əl/ n
mohel rzezak
person who performs circumcision

moist /mɔɪst/ adj
wilgotny
slightly wet

moisture /ˈmɔɪstʃɚ/ n
wilgoć wilgotność
a moderate degree of wetness

mojibake /ˌmoʊ.dʒiˈbɑ.ki/ /ˌməʊ.dʒiˈbɑː.ki/ n
krzaki
corrupt characters or letters

mojito /moʊˈhi.toʊ/ n
mojito
Cuban cocktail

molal adj
molalny
of a solution

molality n
molalność
concentration of a substance in solution

molar /ˈmoʊlɚ/ adj
trzonowy
of or relating to the molar teeth
molarny molowy
containing one mole of solute per litre of solution

molar /ˈmoʊlɚ/ n
trzonowiec ząb trzonowy
back tooth

molarity n
molarność
moles per litre of a solution

molasses [məˈlæ.sɨz] [məˈlæ.sɪz] n
melasa
thick brownish syrup refined from raw sugar

mold /moʊld/ /məʊld/ n
forma
hollow form or matrix for shaping a fluid or plastic substance
odlew
something that is made in or shaped on a mold
pleśń
woolly or furry growth of tiny fungi

mold /moʊld/ /məʊld/ v
odlewać
To be shaped in or as if in a mold
formować kształtować modelować
To shape in or on a mold

mole /mol/ /moʊl/ /mɒʊl/ /məʊl/ n
kret wtyczka
burrowing insectivore
internal spy

mole /mol/ /mɒʊl/ /məʊl/ n
pieprzyk znamię
dark spot on the skin
falochron
massive structure used as a pier or breakwater
mol
unit of amount

mole cricket n
turkuć podjadek
insect of Gryllotalpidae

molecular /məˈlɛkjələɹ/ /məˈlɛkjʊlə/ adj
cząsteczkowy
relating to molecules

molecular formula n
wzór sumaryczny
a notation indicating the number of atoms of each element present in a compound

molecule /ˈmɑləkjul/ /ˈmɒləkjuːl/ n
cząsteczka molekuła
group of atoms held together by chemical bonds

molehill /ˈməʊlhɪl/ n
kretowisko
A small mound of earth

moleskin n
moleskin
fabric

mollusc /ˈmɑləsk/ /ˈmɒləsk/ n
mięczak
soft-bodied invertebrate of phylum Mollusca

mollycoddle /ˈmɑl.iˌkɑd.əl/ /ˈmɒl.ɪˌkɒd.əl/ v
rozpieszczać rozpieścić
to be overprotective and indulgent toward

molten /ˈmoʊltən/ /ˈmɒltən/ /ˈməʊltən/ adj
stopiony
melted

molybdenite n
molibdenit
mineral

molybdenum /məˈlɪbdɪnəm/ n
molibden
chemical element

molybdic /məˈlɪbdɪk/ adj
molibdenowy

moment /ˈmoʊmənt/ /ˈməʊmənt/ n
moment siły moment
moment of force
moment chwila
very brief period of time

moment of force n
moment siły
moment of force

moment of truth n
chwila prawdy
deciding instant

momentarily /ˈməʊmɛntɛɹɪlɪi/ adv
chwilowo
In a momentary manner

momentary /ˈmoʊmənˌtɛɹi/ /ˈməʊmənt(ə)ɹi/ adj
chwilowy
lasting for only a moment

momentous /moʊˈmɛn.təs/ /məʊˈmɛn.təs/ adj
donisły wielkiej wagi
of outstanding importance or great consequence

momentum /ˌmoʊˈmɛntəm/ n
rozmach
impetus, either of a body in motion, or of an idea or course of events
pęd
product of mass and velocity

momma's boy n
maminsynek
male overly attached to his mother

momo n
momo
type of dumpling

monad /ˈmɒnæd/ n
monada
mathematics and computing term
something ultimate and indivisible

monarch /ˈmɑnɚk/ /ˈmɒnək/ n
monarcha monarchini
ruler

monarchism n
monarchizm
advocacy of the monarchistic political system

monarchy /ˈmɑnɚki/ /ˈmɒnəki/ n
monarchia
form of government with a hereditary head of state

monastery /ˈmɑnəstɛɹi/ /ˈmɒnəstɹi/ n
klasztor monaster
building for monks

monastic /məˈnæstɪk/ adj
mnisi monastyczny
of or relating to monasteries or monks

monastic /məˈnæstɪk/ n
mnich mniszka
person with monastic ways

monasticism n
monastycyzm
religious practice

monetarism n
monetaryzm

monetize v
spieniężać spieniężyć
to convert something into currency

money /ˈmʌni/ n
gotówka pieniądz
cash
waluta pieniądz
currency
pieniądz pieniądze
means of exchange and measure of value

money belt n
trzos
a belt concealed under clothing

money can't buy happiness proverb
pieniądze szczęścia nie dają
true happiness comes from inside

money doesn't grow on trees proverb
pieniądze nie spadają z nieba
you must work in order to have money

money laundering n
brudne pieniądze pranie
act of obscuring the origin of money that has been obtained illegally

mongoose /ˈmɑŋ.ɡus/ /ˈmɒŋ.ɡuːs/ n
mangusta
a small carnivore of the family Herpestidae

mongrel /ˈmɑŋ.ɡɹəl/ /ˈmʌŋ.ɡɹəl/ n
kundel mieszaniec
someone of mixed kind

monism n
monizm
doctrine of the oneness and unity of reality

monitor /ˈmɒnɨtə/ n
monitor
computer display

monitor /ˈmɒnɨtə/ v
monitorować
watch over, guard

monitor lizard n
waran
lizard of the genus Varanus

monk /mʌŋk/ n
mnich zakonnik
male member of monastic order
mnich
slang: man living without sexual relationships

monkey /ˈmʌŋki/ n
małpa
primate

monkfish n
żabnica
fish

monkish adj
mnisi mniszy
pertaining to, or resembling a monk or monasticism

monochromacy n
monochromatyczność
color blindness

monochromatic adj
monochromatyczny
having only one colour

monochrome /ˈmɑ.nə.kɹoʊm/ /ˈmɒn.ə.kɹəʊm/ adj
monochromatyczny jednobarwny
having only one colour
czarno-biały
of a photograph, representing colours with shades of gray

monochrome /ˈmɑ.nə.kɹoʊm/ /ˈmɒn.ə.kɹəʊm/ n
czarno-biała fotografia
black and white image
monochrom
painting executed in shades of a single colour

monocle /ˈmɑnəkəl/ n
monokl
a single lens

monocotyledon /ˌmɒnəˌkɒtɪˈliːdən/ n
jednoliścienne
Plant belonging to Monocotyledones or Liliopsida

monoculture /ˈmɒnəˌkʌlt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
monokultura
the cultivation of a single crop

monogamy /məˈnɑɡəmi/ n
monogamia
permanent pair bond between two beings

monogram n
monogram
a design composed of one or more letters used as an identifying mark

monograph n
monografia
scholarly book or treatise

monolith /ˈmɑ.nə.lɪθ/ /ˈmɒ.nə.lɪθ/ n
monolit
anything massive, uniform and unmovable
block of stone

monologue n
monolog
drama: long speech by one person
comedy: long series of stories and jokes
monopolizing utterance

monomer /ˈmɑnəmɚ/ /ˈmɒnəmə/ n
monomer
small molecule, bonded covalently to form polymers

monomial n
jednomian
term with numbers and variables

monophthong /ˈmɑnəfθɔŋ/ n
monoftong
vowel that has same sound throughout its pronunciation

monophthongization n
monoftongizacja
the process of becoming monophthong

monoplane n
jednopłat jednopłatowiec
airplane that has a single pair of wings

monopod n
monopod
portable stand with one leg

monopoly /məˈnɑpəˌli/ /məˈnɒpəˌli/ n
monopol samokupstwo
situation of exclusive supply

monoprotic adj
jednozasadowy
having a single hydrogen atom

monopsony /məˈnɑpsəni/ /məˈnɒpsəni/ n
monopson
market situation in which there is only buyer for a product

monorail /ˈmɑnəɹeɪl/ /ˈmɒnəɹeɪl/ n
kolej jednoszynowa
a railroad system where the trains run on one rail

monosaccharide n
monosacharyd
a simple sugar, composed of a single ring

monosodium glutamate n
glutaminian sodu
mono sodium salt of the amino acid, glutamic acid

monosyllabic /ˌmɒnə(ʊ)sɪˈlabɪk/ adj
jednosylabowy
consisting of one syllable

monotheism n
monoteizm jedynobóstwo
belief in one God

monotheist n
monoteista
a believer in, or advocate of, monotheism

monotheistic /ˈmɒn.əʊ.θeɪ.ɪst.ɪk/ adj
monoteistyczny
believing in a single god

monotonous /məˈnɑtənəs/ /məˈnɒtənəs/ adj
monotonny
having an unvarying tone or pitch

monotreme n
stekowce
egg-laying mammal

monoxide n
monotlenek
oxide containing a single oxygen atom

mons pubis /ˌmɒnz ˈpjubɪs/ n
wzgórek łonowy łono
fleshy protuberance over the pubic bones

monsoon /mɒnˈsuːn/ n
monsun
tropical rainy season
wind
meteorological system

monster /ˈmɑnstɚ/ /ˈmɒnstə(ɹ)/ n
dziwadło dziwoląg dziwotwór gadzina paskuda poczwara
bizarre or whimsical creature
potwór monstrum bestia bestyja kreatura maszkara
terrifying dangerous creature

monstrance /ˈmɑnztɹəns/ /ˈmɒnstɹəns/ n
monstrancja
ornamental in which the consecrated host is placed for veneration

month /mʌnθ/ n
miesiąc miesiące
period into which a year is divided

monthly /ˈmʌnθli/ adj
miesięczny
Occurring every month

monthly /ˈmʌnθli/ adv
co miesiąc miesięcznie
Occurring every month

monthly /ˈmʌnθli/ n
miesiączka
(euphemism) the menstrual period
miesięcznik
a publication that is published once a month

monument /ˈmɑnjʊmənt/ /ˈmɒnjʊmənt/ n
pomnik monument
structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons

moo /mu/ /muː/ interjection
mu
sound made by a cow or bull

moo /mu/ /muː/ n
muczenie
characteristic sound made by a cow or bull

moo /mu/ /muː/ v
muczeć
to make a lowing sound

mooch /muːtʃ/ v
snuć się
wander around aimlessly

mood /muːd/ n
nastrój humor
mental state

moon /muːn/ n
księżyc miesiąc
any substantially sized natural satellite of a planet
księżyc miesiąc luna
largest natural satellite of planet Earth
miesiąc księżyc
month

moonbeam n
promień księżyca
shaft of moonlight

moonlight /ˈmunˌlaɪt/ n
światło księżyca
light reflected from the moon

moonlighting n
chałtura
period of working on the side

moonrise n
wschód księżyca
The time of day or night when the moon begins to rise over the horizon

moonset n
zachód księżyca
the setting of the moon below the horizon

moonshine /ˈmuːnʃaɪn/ n
bimber księżycówka
illicit liquor

moonwort /ˈmuːnwəːt/ n
podejźrzon
Botrychium lunaria

moor /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ /mʊə(ɹ)/ n
wrzosowisko torfowisko
region with poor, marshy soil, peat and heath

moor /mɔɹ/ /mɔː/ /mʊə(ɹ)/ v
cumować
to cast anchor or become fastened
cumować przycumować zacumować
to fix or secure, as a vessel, in a particular place by casting anchor, or by fastening with cables or chains

moorhen /ˈmuɹ.hɛn/ n
kokoszka
water birds of the genus Gallinula

moose /muːs/ n
łoś
largest member of the deer family (Alces alces)

moot /muːt/ adj
sporny
subject to discussion

moot point n
kwestia czysto akademicka
issue that has been rendered irrelevant
kwestia do dyskusji kwestia dyskusyjna
issue that is open for debate

mop /mɑp/ /mɒp/ n
mop
implement for washing floors

moped /moʊpt/ /məʊpt/ n
motorower moped
two-wheeled vehicle

moraine /məˈɹeɪn/ n
morena
accumulation of rocks and debris

moral /ˈmɑɹəl/ /ˈmɒɹəl/ /ˈmɔɹəl/ adj
moralny
conforming to a standard of right behavior
positively affecting the mind, confidence or will
relating to principles of right and wrong

moralism /ˈmɒɹəlɪzm/ n
morał
A maxim or saying
moralizatorstwo moralizowanie
Act or practice of moralizing
moralizm
Religious practice

morality /məˈɹælɪti/ n
moralność
recognition of / obedience to the rules of right conduct

mordant /mɔː(ɹ)dənt/ adj
żrący
biting or caustic

more /ˈmo(ː)ɹ/ /ˈmoə/ /ˈmoʊ/ /ˈmɔɹ/ /ˈmɔː/ adv
więcej bardziej
comparative of much
bardziej -ej -ejszy -szy gorzej lepiej
word to form a comparative

more /ˈmo(ː)ɹ/ /ˈmoə/ /ˈmoʊ/ /ˈmɔɹ/ /ˈmɔː/ determiner
więcej
comparative of many

more Catholic than the Pope adj
bardziej papieski od papieża świętszy od papieża
adhering more stringently to Roman Catholic practice than is required

more and more adv
coraz bardziej
in a manner that progressively increases
coraz więcej
progressively more

more haste, less speed proverb
gdy się człowiek śpieszy, to się diabeł cieszy
when one is in a hurry, one often ends up completing a task more slowly

more or less adv
mniej więcej
approximately

morel /məˈɹɛl/ n
smardz wyniosły
black morel, Morchella elata / Morchella conica
smardz jadalny
common morel or yellow morel, Morchella esculenta
smardz
genus Morchella

moreover /mɔɹˈoʊvɚ/ /mɔːˈɹəʊvə/ adv
ponadto
in addition to what has been said

morepork /ˈmoːpoːk/ /ˈmɔɹˌpɔ(ə)ɹk/ /ˈmɔːpɔːk/ n
sowica ciemnolica
Ninox novaeseelandiae

morgue /mɔɹɡ/ /mɔːɡ/ n
kostnica
place for dead people

moribund /ˈmɔːɹɪbʌnd/ adj
konający umierający
approaching death

morion /ˈmɒɹɪən/ n
morion
type of helmet

morna /məʊˈɹnɑ/ n
morna
a genre of Cape Verdean music

morning /ˈmɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ n
rano ranek
part of the day between dawn and midday
the part of the day after midnight and before midday

morning star n
Jutrzenka
planet Venus as seen around dawn
morgensztern gwiazda poranna morgenstern
spiked weapon on staff

morning wood n
poranny drągal namiot poranny wzwód
morning erection

moron /ˈmɔːɹɒn/ n
debil
person of borderline intelligence

morose /mɒˈɹoʊs/ /məˈɹəʊs/ adj
ponury posępny
Sullen, gloomy; showing a brooding ill humour

morpheme /ˈmɔː(ɹ)fiːm/ n
morfem
smallest linguistic unit

morphine /ˈmɔɹfiːn/ n
morfina
crystalline alkaloid

morphological /ˌmɔːfəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
morfologiczny
relating to morphology

morphologically adv
morfologicznie
with regard to morphology

morphology /mɔɹˈfɑlədʒi/ n
morfologia
a scientific study of form and structure
linguistic study of the form and structure
biological study of the form and structure
a description of the form and structure of something
geological study of the form and structure
the form and structure of something

mortal /ˈmɔːtəl/ adj
śmiertelny
susceptible to death

mortal /ˈmɔːtəl/ n
śmiertelnik
human; someone susceptible to death

mortal sin n
grzech śmiertelny
grave sin

mortality /mɔɹˈtælɪti/ n
śmiertelność
condition of being susceptible to death
umieralność śmiertelność
death rate

mortar /ˈmɔːtə(ɹ)/ n
zaprawa
mixture of lime or cement, sand and water
moździerz
short large-bore cannon
moździerz stępa
vessel used to grind ingredients

mortgage /ˈmɔɹ.ɡɪdʒ/ /ˈmɔː.ɡɪdʒ/ n
kredyt hipoteczny hipoteka
special form of secured loan

mortgage /ˈmɔɹ.ɡɪdʒ/ /ˈmɔː.ɡɪdʒ/ v
obciążać hipotekę
to borrow against a property

mosaic /moʊˈzeɪɪk/ /məʊˈzeɪɪk/ n
mozaika
artwork
genetically diverse individual
viral disease

moschatel /ˌmɒskəˈtɛl/ n
piżmaczek
flower

moscovium /mɒˈskəʊ.vi.əm/ n
moskow
115th element

mosque /mɑsk/ /mɒsk/ n
meczet
a place of worship for Muslims

mosquito /mɒsˈkiː.təʊ/ /məˈski.toʊ/ n
komar
small flying insect of the family Culicidae, known for biting and sucking blood

mosquito net n
moskitiera komarnik
fine net used to protect against mosquitos

moss /mɑs/ /mɒs/ /mɔs/ n
mech
plants of the division Bryophyta
a kind or species of such plants

mossy /ˈmɑːsi/ /ˈmɒsi/ n
mszysty omszały
covered in or overgrown with moss

most /ˈmoʊst/ /ˈməʊst/ determiner
większość
majority of

mostly /ˈmoʊstli/ /ˈməʊstli/ adv
głównie przeważnie
for the most part

mote /moʊt/ /məʊt/ n
pyłek
A small particle; a speck

motel /moʊˈtɛl/ n
motel
type of hotel

moth /mɑθ/ /mɑθs/ /mɒθ/ /mɒθs/ /mɔθ/ /mɔθs/ n
ćma motyl nocny
insect similar to a butterfly

mother /ˈmʌðə(ɹ)/ /ˈmʌðɚ/ n
matka mama mać
female (human) who parents a child, gives birth to a baby, or is pregnant
matka mama
one’s female parent

mother tongue n
język ojczysty
one's native tongue

mother-in-law /ˈmʌ.ðəɹ.ɪnˌlɑː/ /ˈmʌ.ðəɹ.ɪnˌlɔː/ n
teściowa świekra
spouse’s mother

mother-of-pearl n
masa perłowa macica perłowa
pearly layer

motherboard /ˈmʌðɚˌbɔɹd/ n
płyta główna
primary circuit board of a computer

motherfucker /ˈmʌðəˌfʌkə/ /ˈmʌðɚˌfʌkɚ/ n
skurwysyn pizda skurwiel sukinsyn pojeb chuj
generic term of abuse

motherhood /ˈmʌðəhʊd/ /ˈmʌðɚˌhʊd/ n
macierzyństwo
state of being a mother

motherland /ˈmʌðɚˌlænd/ n
macierz ojczyzna
country of origin
the country of one's birth
ojczyzna macierz ojcowizna
the country of one's ancestors

motherly /ˈmʌðəli/ adj
matczyny macierzyński
befitting a mother; warm, caring, nurturing, protective, loving

motion /ˈmoʊʃən/ /ˈməʊʃən/ n
ruch
state of progression from one place to another

motion sickness n
choroba lokomocyjna choroba morska
nausea or dizziness in a moving vehicle

motionless /ˈmoʊʃənlɛs/ /ˈməʊʃənlɛs/ adj
nieruchomy
at rest, not moving

motivate /ˈmoʊtɪveɪt/ /ˈməʊtɪveɪt/ v
motywować
to encourage

motivation n
motywacja
willingness of action especially in behavior

motive /ˈmoʊtɪv/ /ˈməʊtɪv/ n
motyw
a cause to commit a crime
arts: motif
motyw temat
music: theme or subject

motmot n
piłodziób
Bird in the taxonomic family Momotidae

motor /ˈmoʊtɚ/ /ˈməʊtə/ n
silnik
engine

motor home n
kamper
recreational home on wheels

motor scooter n
skuter
small motorcycle or moped

motorcycle /ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/ /ˈməʊtəˌsaikəl/ n
motocykl
open-seated motor vehicle with handlebars instead of a steering wheel

motorist n
kierowca kierujący
one who drives a motor vehicle

motorization n
motoryzacja
the act of motorizing something

motorway /ˈməʊtəweɪ/ n
autostrada
broad highway

motto /ˈmɑ.toʊ/ n
motto dewiza
sentence, phrase or word forming part of an heraldic achievement
dewiza motto
suggestive sentence, phrase or word

mouflon /ˈmuːf.lɑːn/ /ˈmuːf.lɒn/ n
muflon
sheep

mound /maʊnd/ n
kopiec
artificial elevation of earth
jabłko
part of regalia

mount /maʊnt/ n
wierzchowiec
horse

mount /maʊnt/ v
dosiąść
to place oneself on a horse, bicycle etc. to ride

mountain /ˈmaʊntən/ /ˈmaʊntɪn/ n
góra
large mass of earth and rock
large amount

mountain chickadee n
sikora górska
Poecile gambeli

mountaineer /ˌmaʊn.tɪnˈɪə̯(ɹ)/ /ˌmaʊn.tɪnˈɪɹ/ n
alpinista
one who climbs mountains for sport or pleasure
góral
someone who lives in a mountainous area

mourning /ˈmo(ː)ɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmoənɪŋ/ /ˈmɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/ /ˈmʊənɪŋ/ /ˈmʊɹnɪŋ/ n
lament opłakiwanie
act of expressing sorrow
żałoba
clothes worn by mourners
żałoba opłakiwanie
expressing sorrow over death

mouse /maʊs/ /mʌʊs/ n
mysz myszka mysz komputerowa
computing: input device
mysz myszka
rodent of the genus Mus
myszka cicha myszka
shy person

mouse pad /ˈmaʊs.pæd/ n
podkładka pod mysz
mouse pad

mouse-colored antshrike n
chronka mysia
bird

mouse-eared bat n
nocek
bat of the genus Myotis

mousebird n
czepiga
bird of Coliiformes

mousekin n
myszka
little mouse

moussaka n
musaka
baked dish

moustache /məˈstɐːʃ/ /məˈstɑːʃ/ /ˈmʌstæʃ/ n
wąsy
hair on upper lip

moustached adj
wąsaty
having moustache

moustached warbler n
tamaryszka
Acrocephalus melanopogon

moustacheless adj
bezwąsy
without a moustache

mouth /maʊð/ /maʊθ/ /mʌʊθ/ n
ujście otwór wylot
an outlet, aperture or orifice
ujście
the end of a river out of which water flows
usta gęba paszcza
the opening of a creature through which food is ingested

mouthbrooder /ˈmaʊθbɹuːdə/ /ˈmaʊθˌbɹudɚ/ n
gębacz pyszczak
animal that cares of its offspring by holding them in its mouth

mouthpiece /ˈmaʊθˌpiːs/ n
ustnik
part of a wind or brass instrument
rzeczniczka rzecznik
spokesman who speaks on behalf of someone else

mouthwatering adj
apetyczny
delicious in taste

movable type n
ruchoma czcionka
system of printing and typography

move /muːv/ v
poruszać poruszyć ruszać ruszyć
to cause to change place or posture; to set in motion
poruszać ruszać poruszyć ruszyć
to change place or posture; to go
przeprowadzać się
to change residence
przemieszczać przemieścić
to transfer from one space or position to another

move heaven and earth v
poruszyć niebo i ziemię
to go to extreme lengths

move out v
wyprowadzać się
to vacate one's place of residence

movement /ˈmuːv.mənt/ n
ruch
physical motion
trend in various fields or social categories

movie /ˈmuːvi/ n
film
motion picture

movie star n
gwiazda filmowa
star of the cinema

moving walkway n
ruchomy chodnik
slow conveyor belt that transports people horizontally

mow /moʊ/ /məʊ/ n
stóg
a stack or barn of/for hay, corn, beans

mow /moʊ/ /məʊ/ v
kosić siec skosić zżąć żąć
to cut down

mozzarella /mɒt.sə.ˈɹɛl.ə/ n
mozzarella
soft Italian cheese

much /mʌt͡ʃ/ adv
bardzo
to a great extent

much /mʌt͡ʃ/ determiner
dużo wiele
a large amount of

mucous membrane n
błona śluzowa śluzówka
membrane which secretes mucus

mucus /ˈmjuːkəs/ n
wydzielina śluz
slippery secretion

mud /mʌd/ n
błoto
mixture of soil and water

mud /mʌd/ v
błocić
to make muddy

muddy [ˈmʌdi] adj
błotnisty
covered with mud

mudguard n
błotnik
a cover over, or a flap behind, the wheels of a vehicle

mudslide n
powódź błotna
geological disaster in which a large amount of mud gathers and moves rapidly down a hill or slope

muezzin /muˈɛzɪn/ n
muezin
person who issues call to prayer

muff /mʌf/ n
mufka
a piece of fur or cloth for keeping the hands warm

muffin /ˈmʌfɪn/ n
muffin
individual cake

mug /mʌɡ/ n
frajer
(colloquial) a person who is easily fooled
gęba morda
(slang) the face
kubek kufel
large cup

mugwort /ˈmʌɡwəːt/ n
bylica pospolita
Artemisia vulgaris
bylica
any of several artemisias

muhafazah n
muhafaza
administrative division

mujahid /mʊˈdʒɑːhɪd/ n
mudżahid
a Muslim engaging in jihad

mujik /ˈmuː(d)ʒɪk/ n
mużyk
Russian peasant

mulatto /m(j)ʊˈlætəʊ/ /muˈlɑtoʊ/ n
mulat mulatka
person of mixed black and white descent

mulberry /ˈmʌlbəɹi/ /ˈmʌlbɛɹi/ n
morwa
the fruit
the tree

mulch /mʌltʃ/ n
mulcz
shredded matter for covering the soil

mulch /mʌltʃ/ v
mulczować zmulczować
to apply mulch

mulching /mʌltʃɪŋ/ adj
mielący mulczujący rozdrabniający

mulching /mʌltʃɪŋ/ n
mulczowanie
the act of preparing/applying a mulch

mulching mower /mʌltʃɪŋ moʊəɹ/ /mʌltʃɪŋ məʊə/ n
kosiarka mieląca kosiarka mulczująca
rotary mower

mulct /mʌlkt/ v
ukarać grzywną
impose a fine

mule /mjuːl/ n
muł
offspring of male donkey and female horse
laczek
backless shoe

mullah /ˈmʊ.lə/ n
mułła
a Muslim religious scholar and teacher

mulled wine n
grzaniec
wine with spices served hot

mullein /ˈmʌlɨn/ n
dziewanna
plants of the genus Verbascum

mullet /ˈmʌlɪt/ n
cefal
fish of the family Mugilidae (grey mullets)
czeski piłkarz
hairstyle

multi-instrumentalist n
multiinstrumentalista multiinstrumentalistka
one who plays more than one musical instruments

multi-purpose adj
wielozadaniowy
having multiple uses

multi-storey n
piętrowiec
a building with more than one storey

multicellular adj
wielokomórkowy
having many cells

multicolored /ˈmʌltɪˌkʌləd/ /ˈmʌltɪˌkʌlɚd/ adj
różnobarwny wielokolorowy
having multiple colors

multicultural /ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃəɹəl/ adj
wielokulturowy
relating to several different cultures

multiculturalism /ˌmʌltɪˈkʌltʃəɹəˌlɪz(ə)m/ n
wielokulturowość
societal idea

multihull /ˈmʌltihʌl/ n
wielokadłubowiec
type of boat

multilingual /ˌmʌltiˈlɪŋɡwəl/ adj
wielojęzyczny
pertaining to multiple languages
able to communicate fluently in multiple languages

multilingualism n
wielojęzyczność
ability to speak several languages

multinational n
koncern korporacja
multinational company

multiple /ˈmʌltɪpl̩/ adj
wielokrotny wieloraki złożony
having more than one element, part, component or function

multiple /ˈmʌltɪpl̩/ n
wielokrotność
a number that may be divided by another number with no remainder

multiple unit n
zespół trakcyjny
train of self-propelled cars

multiple-choice adj
wielokrotnego wyboru

multiple-choice question n
pytanie wielokrotnego wyboru
a question where the answerer has the choice between multiple answers

multiplicand /ˌmʌltəplɪˈkænd/ n
mnożnik
number that is to be multiplied by another

multiplication /ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃən/ n
mnożenie
process
calculation

multiplication sign n
symbol mnożenia znak mnożenia
symbol denoting multiplication

multiplication table n
tabliczka mnożenia
in arithmetic

multiplicative inverse n
odwrotność
inverse with respect to multiplication

multiplier /ˈmʌltɪˌplaɪəɹ/ [ˈmʌɫ.tɪ.ˌplaɪ.ə(ɹ)] [ˈmʌɫ.tɪ.ˌplaɪ.ɚ] n
mnożna
number

multiply /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/ v
mnożyć pomnażać
increase the amount, degree or number of
mnożyć się
intransitive: breed or propagate
mnożyć się
intransitive: grow in number
mnożyć
transitive: perform multiplication on (a number)
intransitive: perform multiplication

multistage adj
wielostopniowy
having more than one step, phase or piece

multithreaded adj
wielowątkowy
application having more than one thread of execution

multitude /ˈmʌltəˌt(j)ud/ /ˈmʌltɪtjuːd/ n
mnóstwo multum
great amount or number, often of people

multiverse n
wieloświat
hypothetical group of all possible universes

mum /mʌm/ n
mama mamusia
mother (informal, familiar)

mumble /ˈmʌmbəl/ n
mamrotanie
quiet vocalization

mumble /ˈmʌmbəl/ v
mamrotać
to speak unintelligibly

mummer /ˈmʌm.ə/ /ˈmʌm.ɚ/ n
mim
actor in a pantomime

mummy /ˈmʌmi/ n
mumia
embalmed corpse
mama mamusia
child's term for mother

mumps n
świnka
contagious disease

munchies /ˈmʌntʃiz/ n
gastrofaza
craving for food as a result of use of cannabis
gastrofaza wilczy głód
hunger

municipal /mjuˈnɪsɪpəl/ adj
miejski municypalny
pertaining to city

municipality /mjʊˌnɪsɪˈpælɪti/ n
gmina
a district with a government that typically encloses no other governed districts

munition n
uzbrojenie amunicja zaopatrzenie
armaments, weapons, ammunition

muon /ˈmjuːɒn/ n
mion
an unstable elementary particle in the lepton family

murder /ˈmɜːdə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɝ.dɚ/ n
zabójstwo morderstwo
an act of deliberate killing
the crime of deliberate killing

murder /ˈmɜːdə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɝ.dɚ/ v
zamordować zabić
deliberately kill

murderer /ˈmɜːdəɹə/ /ˈmɝdəɹɚ/ n
morderca zabójca
person who commits murder

murderess n
morderczyni zabójczyni
woman who commits murder

murine /ˈmjʊəɹaɪn/ adj
mysi szczurzy
characteristic of mice

murmur /ˈmɜː.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɝ.mɚ/ n
mruczenie pomruk
low sounds or speech
szmer
sound by turbulent flow of blood etc.

murrain /ˈmʌɹɪn/ n
mór pomór
disease of cattle

murre /mɜː/ /mɝ/ n
nurzyk
seabird of the genus Uria in the auk family

muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ n
mięsień muskuł
contractile tissue
mięśnie mięsień
organ composed of muscle tissue
muskulatura
well-developed physique

musclebound adj
muskularny

muscular /ˈmʌs.kjə.lə/ /ˈmʌs.kjə.lɚ/ adj
muskularny umięśniony
having strength
mięśniowy
of or relating to muscles

muscular dystrophy n
dystrofie mięśniowe
muscular dystrophy

muscularity n
muskularość

musculature n
muskulatura
collection of muscles

muse /mjuz/ /mjuːz/ n
muza
a source of inspiration

muse /mjuz/ /mjuːz/ v
dumać
to become lost in thought
zastanawiać się
to say with due consideration

museum /mjuˈzi.əm/ /mjuːˈziːəm/ n
muzeum
building or institution

mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/ n
grzyb
fruiting body of a fungus
fungus itself

mushroom cloud n
grzyb
mushroom shaped cloud

mushroomer n
grzybiarz
one who gathers (picks or hunts) mushrooms

music /ˈmjuzɪk/ /ˈmjuːzɪk/ n
muzyka
sound, organized in time in a melodious way
any pleasing or interesting sounds
sheet music

music box n
pozytywka
box that generates or plays music

music video n
teledysk
motion picture accompanying a song

musical /ˈmju.zɪ.kəl/ adj
muzyczny
of or relating to music

musical instrument n
instrument muzyczny
a device, object, contrivance or machine used to produce musical notes or sounds

musically adv
muzycznie
in a musical manner

musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/ n
muzyk muzyczka
person who performs or writes music

musicologist n
muzykolog
one who studies musicology

musicology n
muzykologia
study of music

musk /mʌsk/ n
piżmo
greasy secretion with powerful odour

musk ox n
piżmowół
an arctic mammal

musket /ˈmʌskət/ n
muszkiet
firearm

muskrat /ˈmʌskɹæt/ n
piżmak
Ondatra zibethicus

muslin /ˈmʌz.lɪn/ n
muślin
thin cotton cloth

mussel /ˈmʌsəl/ n
małż omułek
any small edible bivalve shellfish

must /məs(t)/ /mʌst/ v
musieć
be required to

mustang /ˈmʌs.tæŋ/ n
mustang
horse

mustard /ˈmʌstəɹd/ [ˈmas.təd] [ˈmʌs.təd] [ˈmʌs.tɚd] n
musztarda gorczyca
condiment
gorczyca musztarda
plant

mustard gas n
gaz musztardowy iperyt siarkowy
vesicant gas

muster /ˈmʌs.tə/ /ˈmʌs.tɚ/ n
zgromadzenie
any assemblage or display
przegląd
assembling or review of troops
stadko
collection of peafowl
spęd
roundup of cattle
pokaz
show; display
wzór
something shown for imitation

muster /ˈmʌs.tə/ /ˈmʌs.tɚ/ v
zbierać zebrać
to be gathered together
zwołać zwoływać
to call or assemble together

musty [ˈmʌstɪ] adj
stęchły
having a stale odor

mutable /ˈmjuːtəbl̩/ adj
zmienny
changeable

mutant /ˈmjuʔn̩(t)/ /ˈmjuːtənt/ n
mutant
something that has mutated

mute /mjuːt/ adj
niemy
not having the power of speech
milczący
silent, not making a sound

muteness n
niemota
characteristic of being mute

mutiny /ˈmju.tə.ni/ n
bunt
organized rebellion

mutism n
mutyzm
psychological disorder

muton n
muton
unit of mutation

mutt /mʌt/ n
kundel mieszaniec
a mongrel dog

mutter /ˈmʌtə/ /ˈmʌtɚ/ n
mamrotanie
instance of muttering

mutton /ˈmʌtn̩/ n
baranina
the flesh of sheep used as food

mutton dressed as lamb n
dzidzia-piernik z tyłu liceum, z przodu muzeum
middle-aged or elderly woman dressed in a style more suited to a young woman

mutual /ˈmjuːt͡ʃuəl/ adj
wzajemny
having the same relationship, each to each other
wspólny
possessed in common
wzajemny obopólny
reciprocal

mutual admiration society n
towarzystwo wzajemnej adoracji
group

mutually /ˈmjutʃuəli/ /ˈmjuːtʃʊəli/ adv
wspólnie
in a shared manner; equally; affecting all parties the same way
wzajemnie
in the same way, each to the other; reciprocally

muzzle /ˈmʌzəl/ n
kaganiec
device to stop an animal from biting
morda pysk ryj
part of animal's head

my /maɪ/ /mi/ /mɪ/ determiner
mój
belonging to me

my car has broken down phraseologicalUnit
moje auto się zepsuło
my car has broken down

mycelium n
grzybnia
vegetative part of a fungus

mycology /maɪˈkɒlədʒi/ n
mikologia mykologia
study of fungi

mycosis /maɪˈkoʊsɪs/ n
grzybica
an infection caused by a fungus

myocyte n
miocyt
a single muscle fiber cell

myoma /maɪˈoʊmə/ n
mięśniak
tumor composed of muscle tissue

myriad /ˈmɪɹi.æd/ adj
niezliczony
great in number

myriad /ˈmɪɹi.æd/ n
miriada
ten thousand
mnóstwo masa
vast diversity or number

myrmecophagous adj
mrówkożerczy mrówkożerny
feeding on ants

myrrh /mɜɹ/ [mɜː(ɹ)] [mɝ] n
mirra
dried sap of the myrrha tree

myrtle /ˈmɜːtəl/ /ˈmɝtəl/ n
mirt
evergreen shrub

myself /maɪˈsɛlf/ pronoun
sam sama
in apposition with I; personally
siebie się sobie
me, reflexive form of me

mysterious /məˈstɪɹi.əs/ /mɪˈstɪəɹi.əs/ adj
tajemniczy
of unknown origin

mysteriously adv
tajemniczo
in a mysterious manner

mysteriousness n
tajemniczość
the quality of being mysterious

mystery /ˈmɪstəɹi/ n
tajemnica misterium
something secret or unexplainable

mystic /ˈmɪstɪk/ adj
mistyczny
of, or relating to mystics, mysticism or occult mysteries

mystic /ˈmɪstɪk/ n
mistyczka mistyk
someone who practices mysticism

mystical /ˈmɪstɪkəl/ adj
mistyczny
relating to mystics or mysticism

mysticism n
mistycyzm
beliefs and ideas of mystics
doctrine of direct communication of divine truth
transcendental union of soul with the divinity
obscure thoughts and speculations

mystify v
zadziwiać zakłopotać
to thoroughly confuse, befuddle or bewilder

myth /mɪθ/ n
mit
divine story
commonly-held but false belief

mythological /ˌmɪθəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/ adj
mitologiczny
legendary
of, or relating to myths or mythology

mythology /mɪˈθɑlədʒi/ /mɪˈθɒlədʒi/ n
mitologia
collection and study of myths
myths of a people
myths concerning an event, person or institution

mythomania n
mitomania
compulsion to tell lies

mythomaniac n
mitoman mitomanka
someone who suffers from mythomania

myxoma n
śluzak
tumor of primitive connective tissue

myxomatosis n
miksomatoza myksomatoza
rabbit disease

mâche n
roszponka warzywna roszpunka warzywna
Valerianella locusta

n-dimensional adj
wymiarowy
having arbitrary number of dimensions

n/a adj
n/d nd. nie dotyczy
not applicable
niedostępny
not available

nadir /ˈneɪ.dɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈneɪ.dɪɹ/ n
nadir
point of the sky

nag /neɪɡ/ /nɛɡ/ /ˈnæɡ/ n
rosynant
old useless horse

naiad /ˈneɪæd/ n
najada
female deity

nail /neɪl/ n
paznokieć gwóźdź
on fingers and toes
gwóźdź paznokieć
spike-shaped metal fastener used for joining wood or similar materials

nail /neɪl/ v
wbijać gwóźdź
employ a nail as a fastener

nail clipper n
cążki do paznokci
nail trimmer

nail gun n
gwoździarka
gun which drives nails

nail polish n
lakier do paznokci
cosmetic lacquer

nail polish remover n
zmywacz do paznokci
solvent used to remove nail polish

naive /naɪˈiv/ adj
naiwny
lacking experience, wisdom, or judgement

naked /neɪkt/ /ˈneɪkɪd/ /ˈnɛkɪd/ adj
nagi goły
not wearing any clothes

naked eye n
gołe oko
unaided eyesight

nakedness n
nagość
state of being naked

naled /ˈneɪ.lɛd/ n
naledź
ice

nalivka n
nalewka
a Slavic sweet fruit or berry liqueur

namaste /ˈnʌməsteɪ/ n
namaste
a greeting

name /neɪm/ n
reputacja sława imię
reputation
imię nazwa
word or phrase indicating a particular person, place, class or thing

name /neɪm/ v
mianować wyznaczyć
to designate for a role
nazywać
to give a name to
określać określić
to identify, define, specify
wybierać wybrać
to mention, specify
identyfikować wskazać
to publicly implicate

name day n
imieniny
feast day of a saint

namefellow n
imienniczka imiennik
someone with whom one shares a name

nameless adj
bezimienny
having no name

namely /ˈneɪmli/ adv
mianowicie to znaczy
specifically

namesake /ˈneɪmseɪk/ n
imiennik imienniczka
person with the same name as another

namespace /ˈneɪmspeɪs/ n
przestrzeń nazw
conceptual space

nanny /ˈnæni/ n
niania
child's nurse

nano- /ˈnænoʊ/ /ˈnænəʊ/ prefix
nano-
10-9

nanocluster n
nanoklaster
cluster

nanometre n
nanometr
subunit of length

nanoparticle n
nanocząstka
microscopic particle

nanopowder n
nanoproszek
agglomerate

nanoscale n
nanoskala
scale of nanotechnology

nanosecond n
nanosekunda
measure of time

nanotechnology n
nanotechnologia
science and technology of creating nanoparticles

nanotube n
nanorurka
A carbon molecule, in the shape of a tube

nanowire n
nanodrut
wire whose width is of the order of nanometers

nap /nap/ /næp/ n
drzemka

nap /nap/ /næp/ v
drzemać
to have a nap

nape /neɪp/ n
kark
back part of the neck

nape of the neck n
kark
nape of the neck

napkin /ˈnæp.kɪn/ n
serwetka
serviette

narcissism /ˈnɑɹsəˌsɪzm/ /ˈnɑːsəˌsɪzm/ n
narcyzm
excessive love of oneself

narcissistic /ˌnɑɹ.sɨˈsɪs.tɪk/ /ˌnɑː.sɪˈsɪs.tɪk/ adj
narcystyczny
having an inflated idea of one's own importance
obsessed with one's image and ego

narcissistically adv
narcystycznie
characteristic of narcissism

narcissus /nɑɹˈsɪsəs/ n
narcyz
any of several bulbous flowering plants, of the genus Narcissus

narcolepsy n
narkolepsja
sleeping disorder

narrate /nəˈɹeɪt/ /ˈnæɹeɪt/ v
opowiadać opowiedzieć
to relate a story

narrow /ˈnæɹoʊ/ /ˈnæɹəʊ/ adj
wąski cienki
having small width

narrow /ˈnæɹoʊ/ /ˈnæɹəʊ/ v
zwężać się
to get narrower
zawężać zwężać
to reduce in width or extent

narrow gauge n
kolej wąskotorowa
a railway gauge that is less than the standard gauge

narrowly adv
wąsko
by a narrow margin; closely

narthex /ˈnɑɹθɛks/ /ˈnɑːθɛks/ n
narteks
vestibule leading to the nave

narwhal /ˈnɑɹʍəl/ /ˈnɑːʍəl/ n
narwal jednorożec
Arctic cetacean

nasal /ˈneɪzəl/ adj
nosowy
having a quality imparted by means of the nose
pertaining to the nose

nasal cavity n
jama nosowa
air-filled space behind nose

nasal septum n
przegroda nosowa
septum in the nose

nasal vowel n
samogłoska nosowa nosówka
nasal vowel

nasalization n
nazalizacja
articulation such that air flows through the nose and mouth

nascent /ˈneɪ.sənt/ adj
powstający rodzący się
emerging; just coming into existence

nastoyka n
nalewka
a Slavic liqueur containing an infusion of herbs and/or fruits in brandy or similar spirit

nation /ˈneɪʃən/ n
naród nacja
community of people
nacja stan
sovereign state

nation-state n
państwo narodowe
nation state or nation-state

national /ˈnæʃ(ə)nəl/ adj
narodowy
of or having to do with a nation

national anthem n
hymn narodowy
official song of a nation or country

national emblem n
godło godło państwowe
official emblem of a nation or country

national park n
park narodowy
national park

nationalism /ˈnæʃənəlɪzəm/ n
nacjonalizm
idea of supporting one's country and culture

nationalist adj
nacjonalistyczny
of or relating to nationalism

nationalist n
nacjonalista nacjonalistka
advocate of nationalism

nationality /ˌnæ.ʃəˈnæl.ɪ.ti/ n
narodowość
membership of a nation or state

native /ˈneɪtəv/ /ˈneɪtɪv/ adj
ojczysty rodzimy
belonging to one by birth
rdzenny tubylczy
characteristic of or relating to people inhabiting a region from the beginning

native /ˈneɪtəv/ /ˈneɪtɪv/ n
autochton tubylec
person who is native to a place

native speaker n
native speaker native speakerka rodzima użytkowniczka języka rodzimy użytkownik języka nosiciel języka rodowita użytkowniczka języka
person who grew up with a particular language as their mother tongue

nativity /nəˈtɪvɪti/ n
narodzenie
birth

nativity play n
jasełka szopka
the production/performance

nativity scene n
szopka żłóbek betlejka stajenka
nativity scene

natural /ˈnætʃəɹəl/ adj
naturalny oczywisty
as expected
naturalny
relating to nature
without additives

natural disaster n
stan klęski żywiołowej
emergency situation
klęska żywiołowa katastrofa naturalna
natural phenomenon

natural gas n
gaz ziemny
mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons associated with petroleum deposits

natural language n
język naturalny
human language developed naturally

natural person n
osoba fizyczna
human being

natural selection n
dobór naturalny selekcja naturalna
natural selection

naturalism n
naturalizm
a state of nature; conformity to nature

naturalization n
naturalizacja
act of granting (or getting granted) citizenship

naturally /ˈnætʃ(ə)ɹəli/ adv
naturalnie
in a natural manner
inherently or by nature
surely

nature /ˈneɪtʃə/ /ˈneɪtʃɚ/ /ˈnæetʃɘ/ /ˈnæɪ̯tʃə/ /ˈnɛːtʃɐ/ n
natura charakter specyfika
essential characteristics
przyroda natura
everything related to biological and geographical states
the natural world
primitive state of being

nature reserve n
rezerwat przyrody
area managed to conserve natural features

naughty /ˈnɔti/ /ˈnɔːti/ adj
niegrzeczny
bad; tending to misbehave or act badly

nausea /ˈnɑzi.ə/ /ˈnɔzi.ə/ /ˈnɔːzɪə/ n
mdłości nudności
feeling of physical unwellness, usually with the desire to vomit
obrzydzenie wstręt
strong dislike or disgust

nautical /ˈnɔːtɪkl̩/ adj
żeglarski morski
relating to ships, shipping, navigation, and seamen

nave /neɪv/ n
nawa nawa główna
the middle or body of a church
piasta
hub of a wheel

navel /ˈneɪvəl/ n
pępek
remnant of umbilical cord

navigability n
spławność żeglowność
state of being navigable

navy /ˈneɪvi/ n
marynarka wojenna
department
granat
navy blue colour
marynarka
sea force

near /nɛə/ /nɪə(ɹ)/ /nɪɹ/ adj
bliski
physically close

near /nɛə/ /nɪə(ɹ)/ /nɪɹ/ adv
blisko
having a small intervening distance with regard to something

near /nɛə/ /nɪə(ɹ)/ /nɪɹ/ preposition
blisko
in close proximity to

nearby adv
blisko
close to

nearly /ˈniːɹli/ /ˈnɪəli/ /ˈnɪɹli/ adv
prawie
almost, but not quite

nearsightedness n
krótkowzroczność
property of being nearsighted

neat /niːt/ adj
fajny
colloquial: good, excellent, desirable

nebula /ˈnɛbjʊlə/ n
mgławica
a space cloud

nebulous /ˈnɛbjʊləs/ adj
mgławicowy
relating to nebulae

nebulously /ˈnɛb.jʊ.ləs.li/ adv
mgliście
as if viewed through a cloud or haze
in a manner like that of a cloud or haze
vaguely

necessarily /ˌnɛsəˈsɛɹəli/ adv
koniecznie
of necessity

necessary /ˈnɛsəsɹɪ/ /ˈnɛsəɹi/ /ˈnɛsəˌsɛɹi/ adj
potrzebny
needed, required

necessitate /nəˈsɛsəˌteɪt/ /nɪˈsɛsɪteɪt/ v
wymagać
to make necessary; require something to be brought about

necessity /nɪˈsɛsəti/ n
potrzeba
quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite

necessity is the mother of invention proverb
potrzeba jest matką wynalazków
a person in need will find a way

neck /nɛk/ n
gryf szyja
the extension of any stringed instrument on which a fingerboard is mounted
kołnierz
the part of a shirt, dress etc., which fits a person's neck
szyja kark
the part of body connecting the head and the trunk found in humans and some animals
szyjka szyja
the tapered part of a bottle toward the opening

necklace /ˈnɛkləs/ /ˈnɛklɪs/ n
naszyjnik
jewelry

neckless /ˈnɛklɪs/ adj
bezszyjny
without a neck

necktie /ˈnɛk.taɪ/ n
krawat
strip of cloth worn around the neck and tied in the front

necromancer /ˈnekɹə(ʊ)ˌmænsə/ /ˈnekɹəˌmænsɚ/ n
nekromanta
person who practices necromancy

necromancy /ˈnɛkɹəˌmænsi/ n
nekromancja
divination involving the dead

necrophagous /nɛˈkɹɑ.fə.ɡəs/ /nɛˈkɹɒf.ə.ɡəs/ adj
padlinożerny trupożerny
that eats dead or decaying flesh

necropolis /nɛˈkɹɒ.pə.lɪs/ n
nekropola nekropolia
large cemetery

necrosis n
martwica nekroza
localized death of cells or tissue

nectar /ˈnɛk.tə/ /ˈnɛk.təɹ/ n
nektar
any delicious drink
drink of the gods
sweet liquid secreted by flowers

nectarine /ˈnɛk.tə.ɹin/ n
nektaryna nektarynka
fruit

neddy /ˈnɛdi/ n
osioł
a donkey or ass
koń koń wyścigowy
a horse, especially a racehorse
dureń głupek
an idiot; a stupid or contemptible person

need /niːd/ n
potrzeba
something required

need /niːd/ v
potrzebować
to have an absolute requirement for
to want strongly

needle /ˈniː.dl/ n
igła drut
implement for sewing etc.
wskazówka igła
indicating device
igła
leaf of conifer
sensor phonograph stylus

needle /ˈniː.dl/ v
drażnić
to tease in order to provoke

needle gun n
iglicowy karabin karabin iglicowy
a firearm that has a needle-like firing pin

needle in a haystack n
igła w stogu siana
idiomatic

needless adj
niepotrzebny zbyteczny
not needed

needy /ˈniːdi/ adj
biedujący potrzebujący
in need, poor

negate /nɪˈɡeɪt/ v
negować zanegować zaprzeczać zaprzeczyć
negate

negation n
negowanie zaprzeczenie negacja zaprzeczanie
act of negating something
odmowa
denial or contradiction
negacja
negation in logic

negative /ˈnɛ(e)ɡəˌɾɪv/ /ˈnɛɡətɪv/ adj
negatywny ujemny
not positive or neutral

negative /ˈnɛ(e)ɡəˌɾɪv/ /ˈnɛɡətɪv/ n
negatyw
photography

neglect /nɪˈɡlɛkt/ v
zaniedbywać zaniedbać
fail to care for

neglectful adj
niedbały
tending to neglect

negligible adj
nieistotny
able to be ignored or excluded

negotiate /nəˈɡoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ /nəˈɡəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ v
uzgodnić wynegocjować
arrange a mutual agreement (transitive)
negocjować
confer to reach an agreement (intransitive)
pokonać pokonywać
coping with, getting over

negotiation /nɪˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ /nɪˌɡəʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ n
negocjacja
process of achieving agreement

negress /ˈniːɡɹɪs/ n
murzynka
A black female

negroni /nəˈɡɹoʊni/ /nɪˈɡɹəʊnɪ/ n
negroni
cocktail made from gin, Campari and vermouth

neigh /neɪ/ n
rżenie
the cry of a horse

neigh /neɪ/ v
rżeć
(of a horse) to make its cry
to make a sound similar to a horses' cry

neighborhood /ˈneɪbə.hʊd/ /ˈneɪbɚˌhʊd/ n
sąsiedztwo
nearby area

neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ /ˈneɪbɚ/ n
sąsiad sąsiadka
a person living on adjacent or nearby land

neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ /ˈneɪbɚ/ v
sąsiadować
to be adjacent to

neither /ˈnaɪð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪðɚ/ adv
też nie
similarly not

neither /ˈnaɪð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪðɚ/ conjunction
też nie
also not
ani X, ani Y
not either (used with nor): neither X nor Y

neither /ˈnaɪð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪðɚ/ determiner
żaden
not one of two; not either

neither /ˈnaɪð.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈnaɪðɚ/ pronoun
żaden
not either one

neither fish nor fowl n
ni pies, ni wydra
something or someone not easily categorized; something that does not fit in a group or situation

neither fish, flesh, nor good red herring phraseologicalUnit
ni pies, ni wydra
unsuitable for anything or anybody

neither … nor conjunction
ani … ani
used for showing that something is not true of two or more people, things, actions, qualities, or ideas

nematode /ˈnɛməˌtoʊd/ n
nicień
small invertebrate animal

nene /ˈneɪneɪ/ /ˈneɪˌneɪ/ n
bernikla hawajska gęś hawajska ne-ne
Branta sandvicensis

neo-Nazi /ˌnioʊˈnɑːtsi/ n
neonazista neonazistka
person who believes in a Nazi ideology

neo-Nazism n
neonazizm
the ideology held by neo-Nazis

neodymium /nɪə(ʊ)ˈdɪmɪəm/ /ˌniː.oʊˈdɪmiəm/ n
neodym
chemical element

neogothic adj
neogotycki

neoliberalism n
neoliberalizm
political ideology

neologism /niːˈɒlədʒɪzəm/ n
neologizm
recently coined word

neon /ˈni.ɒn/ n
neon
element

neontology n
neontologia
the study of organisms living in the current era

neoteny /niˈɑːtəni/ /niˈɒtəni/ n
neotenia
retention of juvenile characteristics in the adult
sexual maturity of an organism still in its larval stage

nephew /ˈnɛf.ju/ n
bratanek siostrzeniec
fraternal or sororal nephew

nephrectomy n
nefrektomia
the surgical removal of a kidney

nephric /ˈnɛf.ɹɪk/ adj
nefryczny nerkowy
relating to or connected with a kidney

nepotism /ˈnɛp.ə.tɪ.zəm/ n
nepotyzm
favoring of relatives or personal friends

neptunium /nɛpˈtjuːniəm/ /nɛpˈtuːniəm/ n
neptun
chemical element

nerd /nɜːd/ /nɝːd/ n
nerd
intellectual, skillful person, generally introverted

nerve /nɛɾv/ /nɜɪv/ /nɜːv/ /nɝv/ n
nerwy
agitation caused by a negative emotion
tupet bezczelność czelność zuchwalstwo
audacity
nerw
bundle of neurons
(colloquial) neuron
odwaga
courage

nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ /ˈnɝːvəs/ adj
nerwowy
relating to the nerves

nervous system n
układ nerwowy
system which coordinates the activity of the body

nervously adv
nerwowo
in a nervous manner

ness /nɛs/ n
cypel przylądek
a promontory; a cape or headland

nest /nɛst/ n
gniazdo
bird-built structure
place for depositing eggs
retreat
kryjówka gniazdo
hideout
gniazdko gniazdo
snug residence

nest /nɛst/ v
gnieździć
to build or settle into a nest
zagnieździć
to place in a nest
to successively place inside another
znaleźć schronienie
to settle into a home

nest egg n
zbuk
egg placed in a bird's nest

nesting n
gniazdowanie
The process by which a bird nests.

nestle /ˈnɛsəl/ v
przytulić się
to press oneself against another affectionately
zagnieździć się
to settle oneself comfortably and snugly

nestling /ˈnɛstlɪŋ/ /ˈnɛsəlɪŋ/ n
pisklę
small, young bird that is still confined to the nest

net /nɛt/ adj
netto
remaining after expenses or deductions

net /nɛt/ n
sieć siatka
device for catching fish, butterflies etc.
device for trapping something
interconnecting system
anything that has the appearance of a net
mesh of string, cord or rope
figurative: trap
siatka wielościanu
geometry: set of joined polygons

net curtain n
firanka firanki
thin curtain

net income n
dochód
gross profit minus operating expenses and taxes

nether /nɛð.ə/ /nɛð.ɚ/ adj
podziemny
beneath the earth's surface
dolny
lower

netizen n
internauta
member of Internet community

nettle /ˈnɛt(ə)l/ n
pokrzywa
stinging herb of genus Urtica

network /nɛtwɜːk/ /nɛtwɝk/ n
układy
directory of people
sieć układ
interconnected group or system
sieć
multiple computers and other devices connected together
fabric or structure of fibrous elements

network interface card n
karta sieciowa
computer hardware component

neuralgia n
neuralgia nerwoból newralgia
nerve pain

neuroglia n
glej komórka glejowa
cytology: glial cell

neurolinguistics n
neurolingwistyka
science

neurology /n(j)uˈɹɒlədʒi/ n
neurologia
branch of medicine that deals with the nervous system and its disorders

neuron /ˈnjəɹɑn/ /ˈnjʊəɹɒn/ /ˈnʊɹɑn/ n
neuron komórka nerwowa
a cell of the nervous system

neuropteran n
sieciarka
insect of the order Neuroptera

neurosis n
nerwica
mental disorder

neurotic /njʊəˈɹɒtɪk/ adj
neurotyczny
overanxious

neurotic /njʊəˈɹɒtɪk/ n
neurotyk
person who has a neurosis

neuter /ˈnjuːtə/ /ˈnuːtɚ/ adj
nijaki
grammar: having a form which is not masculine nor feminine
neutral, neither one thing nor another
nieprzechodni
grammar: intransitive

neuter /ˈnjuːtə/ /ˈnuːtɚ/ n
rodzaj nijaki
the neuter gender (grammar)
grammar: noun of the neuter gender

neutral /ˈnjuːtɹəl/ /ˈnuːtɹəl/ adj
neutralny bezstronny
not taking sides in a conflict

neutralise v
neutralizować
to make even, inactive or ineffective

neutrality /njuːˈtɹæləti/ /nuˈtɹæləti/ n
neutralność
state of being neutral; taking no part on either side

neutrino /njuːˈtɹiːnoʊ/ /njuːˈtɹiːnəʊ/ n
neutrino
en elementary particle with extremely small mass and no electric charge

neutron /ˈn(j)uːtɹɒn/ n
neutron
subatomic particle

never /ˈnɛ.vɚ/ /ˈnɛv.ə(ɹ)/ adv
nigdy
at no time

never again adv
nigdy więcej
at no time in the future

never mind v
nieważne
it is not important

never say die interjection
nie rozpaczaj
do not despair

nevertheless /ˈnɛvəðəlɛs/ /ˈnɛvɚðəlɛs/ adv
niemniej jednak jednakowoż jednakże
in spite of what preceded

new /n(j)u/ /njuː/ /njʉː/ adj
młody nowy
newborn
nowy
recently made or created
additional, recently discovered
distinguishing something established more recently
current or later
in original condition, pristine
inexperienced, unaccustomed
recently arrived or appeared
refreshed, reinvigorated
of recent origin
strange, unfamiliar

new moon n
nów
phase of moon when in conjunction with sun
the moon when in conjunction with sun

newbie /ˈnjuːbi/ n
nowicjusz nowicjuszka
new (inexperienced) user or participant

newborn n
noworodek
recently born baby

newcomer /ˈn(j)uˌkʌmɚ/ /ˈnjuːkʌmə/ n
przybysz
one who has recently arrived in a community

newel /ˈnjuː.əl/ /ˈnu.əl/ n
słupek balustrady schodowej
central pillar of staircase

newer /ˈn(j)uɚ/ adj
nowszy
More recent

newness /ˈn(j)uːnəs/ n
nowość
novelty

news /njuːz/ n
nowości
new information of interest
wiadomość wiadomości
reports of current events

news agency n
agencja prasowa
organisation that gathers and distributes news

news channel n
kanał informacyjny program informacyjny stacja informacyjna
a television channel dedicated to news

newspaper /ˈn(j)uzˌpeɪpɚ/ /ˈnjuːsˌpeɪpə/ n
gazeta
publication

newspeak n
nowomowa
use of ambiguous words to deceive listeners

newsroom /ˈnjuːzɹuːm/ n
newsroom
the office of a news organisation

newt /ˈn(j)ut/ /ˈnjuːt/ /ˈnjʉːt/ n
traszka
type of salamander

newton n
niuton
derived unit of force

next /nɛkst/ adj
następny przyszły
following in a sequence

next /nɛkst/ adv
następnie
In a time, place or sequence closest or following
dalej
On the first subsequent occasion

next of kin n
najbliższy krewny
closest blood relative, often heir to inheritance

next to preposition
obok
beside; alongside

next to nothing pronoun
prawie nic
very little

next year adv
w przyszłym roku
year after this one

nexus /ˈnɛk.suːs/ /ˈnɛk.səs/ n
grupa zespół
connected group
ogniwo związek
connection

ney n
nej
a type of flute

nib /nɪb/ n
stalówka
tip of a pen

nice /naɪs/ adj
miły
having a pleasant taste or aroma
miły przyjemny dobry fajny
pleasant

nicely /ˈnʌɪsli/ adv
miło
pleasantly

niche /niːʃ/ /nɪt͡ʃ/ n
nisza
cavity, hollow, or recess
ecological function of an organism
position of opportunity

nickel /ˈnɪk.əl/ n
nikiel
element

nickname /ˈnɪkneɪm/ n
przezwisko
byname
przezwisko przydomek ksywa ksywka
familiar, invented given name

nicotine /ˈnɪkətiːn/ n
nikotyna
addictive alkaloid derived from tobacco

nictitating membrane n
migotka
transparent protective fold of skin

nidify /ˈnɪd.əˌfaɪ/ v
gniazdo gniazdować wić
to make a nest

niece /nis/ /niːs/ n
siostrzenica bratanica
fraternal or sororal niece

nigella /naɪˈd͡ʒɛlə/ n
czarnuszka
flower
spice

nigger /ˈnɪɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈnɪɡɚ/ n
czarnuch asfalt bambus
negro person

nigh /naɪ/ adj
bliski
near, close by

nigh /naɪ/ adv
blisko
almost; nearly

night /naɪt/ [næt̚] n
noc
period between sunset and sunrise
darkness
evening or night spent at a particular activity
night spent at a hotel
quality of sleep obtained during a night

night heron n
ślepowron
species of heron

night owl n
nocny marek
(idiomatic) one who stays up late at night or goes to bed late

night person n
nocny marek sowa
night-active person

night shift n
nocna zmiana
group of workers
nocka nocna zmiana
period

nightcap n
szlafmyca
warm cap worn at night

nightclub n
klub nocny
establishment that is open late at night

nightfall n
zmierzch zmrok
the close of the day; the coming of night

nightgown n
koszula nocna
sleeping garment worn by women

nightingale /ˈnaɪtɪŋɡeɪl/ n
słowik słowik rdzawy
bird

nightjar /ˈnaɪtdʒɑɹ/ /ˈnaɪtdʒɑː/ n
lelek
nocturnal bird of the family Caprimulgidae

nightlife /ˈnaɪtˌlaɪf/ n
nocne życie
Selection of nocturnal activities

nightmare /naɪt.mɛəɹ/ /ˈnaɪt.mɛə/ n
koszmar
dream
experience

nightmarish adj
koszmarny
resembling a nightmare

nightshade /ˈnaɪtʃeɪd/ n
psianka
plant of genus Solanum

nihilism /ˈnaɪ(h)ɨ̞lɪz(ə)m/ /ˈnaɪəˌlɪz(ə)m/ n
nihilizm
negation of one or more aspects of life; extreme philosophical scepticism
rejection of all moral principles

nihonium /nɪˈhoʊ.ni.əm/ n
nihon

nil /nɪl/ n
zero
nothing

nincompoop /ˈnɪŋ.kəm.puːp/ n
głupiec
silly or foolish person

nine /naɪn/ n
dziewiątka
card with nine pips
dziewiątka dziewięć
the digit or figure 9

nine /naɪn/ numeral
dziewięć dziewięcioro
cardinal number

nine hundred /ˈnaɪn ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ numeral
dziewięćset
cardinal number 900

nine thousand numeral
dziewięć tysięcy
9000

nineteen /naɪnˈtiːn/ /ˈnaɪn.tiːn/ numeral
dziewiętnaście dziewiętnaścioro
cardinal number

nineteenth /ˌnaɪnˈtiːnθ/ adj
dziewiętnasty
the ordinal form of the number nineteen

ninetieth /ˈnaɪn.ti.əθ/ adj
dziewięćdziesiąty
ordinal form of ninety

ninety /ˈnaɪn.di/ /ˈnaɪn.ti/ numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt
90

ninety-eight numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt osiem
98

ninety-five numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt pięć
95

ninety-nine numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt dziewięć
cardinal number 99

ninety-one numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt jeden
cardinal number ninety-one

ninety-seven numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt siedem
97

ninety-six numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt sześć
96

ninety-three numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt trzy
93

ninety-two numeral
dziewięćdziesiąt dwa
92

ninhydrin n
ninhydryna
organic compound: 2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione

ninth /naɪnθ/ adj
dziewiąty
ordinal form of nine

niobium /naɪˈoʊbiəm/ n
niob
chemical element

nip in the bud /ˈnɪp.ɪn.ðəˈbʌd/ v
zniszczyć w zarodku
(idiom) to prevent at an early stage

nipple /ˈnɪp(ə)l/ n
brodawka sutkowa sutek
projection of mammary gland

nipplewort n
łoczyga
Lapsana communis

nirvana /nɪəˈvɑːnə/ /nɪɹˈvɑnə/ /nɪɾˈʋɑːn(ə)/ n
nirwana
state of bliss
Buddhism: cessation of suffering

nit /nɪt/ n
gnida
egg of a louse

nitpicky adj
drobiazgowy
overly critical

nitrate /ˈnaɪˌtɹeɪt/ n
azotan
any salt or ester of nitric acid

nitric adj
azotowy
pertaining to nitrogen

nitric acid n
kwas azotowy
HNO₃

nitride /ˈnaɪ.tɹaɪd/ n
azotek
compound of nitrogen

nitriding /ˈnaɪ.tɹaɪd.iŋ/ n
azotowanie
method of hardening steel

nitrogen /ˈnaɪ.tɹə.dʒən/ n
azot
chemical element

nitrogenous adj
azotowy
of nitrogen

nitroglycerine n
nitrogliceryna
the compound glyceryl-tri-nitrate

nitrous acid n
kwas azotawy
weak acid, HNO₂

nitrous oxide n
podtlenek azotu tlenek diazotu
nitrous oxide

nitwit /ˈnɪtwɪt/ n
głupek
scatterbrained or stupid person

no determiner
żaden
not any
nie wolno
used to show an activity is forbidden

no n
nie
a negating expression
przeciw
a vote not in favor

no preposition
nie
used to show disagreement or negation
used to show agreement with a negative question (in some languages this response is the usual word for "yes")

no comment interjection
bez komentarza
"official" refusal to relay any further information
refusal to say the obvious impolite retort

no doubt adv
niewątpliwie
without a doubt

no entry phraseologicalUnit
zakaz wstępu
entry is forbidden

no holds barred adj
wszystkie chwyty dozwolone
idiomatic: having absolutely no reserve or restrictions in lengths; in an especially ruthless or vicious manner

no longer adv
już nie nie jest już
not any more

no news is good news proverb
brak wiadomości to dobra wiadomość
lack of information suggests nothing bad

no one /ˈnoʊwʌn/ pronoun
nikt
not even a single person

no pain, no gain proverb
bez pracy nie ma kołaczy bez pracy nie ma macy bez zachodu nie ma miodu kto ma ręce do pracy, ten się naje kołaczy kto nie ryzykuje, ten nie zyska pieczone gołąbki nie lecą same do gąbki
discomfort is necessary to achieve goals

no parking phraseologicalUnit
zakaz parkowania
no parking

no problem interjection
nie ma problemu nie ma sprawy żaden problem żadna sprawa
it does not pose a problem
nie ma za co (nic) nie szkodzi nie ma sprawy
no thanks or apology is necessary

no smoke without fire proverb
nie ma dymu bez ognia
gossip and accusations are often substantiated by fact

no smoking phraseologicalUnit
zakaz palenia
phrase used in notices indicating that the smoking of cigarettes is not permitted

no thank you interjection
Nie, dziękuję
polite way of saying no

no way interjection
nie ma mowy
absolutely not
nie może być niemożliwe
indicates astonished disbelief

no, thanks interjection
nie, dziękuję
no, thanks

nobelium /noʊˈbiːliəm/ /noʊˈbɛliəm/ n
nobel
chemical element

nobility /noʊˈbɪlɪti/ /nəʊˈbɪlɪti/ n
szlachta
noble or privileged social class
the quality of being noble

noble /ˈnoʊbəl/ /ˈnəʊbəl/ adj
szlachetny
having honorable qualities

noble gas n
gaz szlachetny
element of group 18 of the periodic table

noble metal n
metal szlachetny
metal resistant to corrosion

noble savage n
szlachetny dzikus

nobleman /ˈnoʊbl̩mən/ /ˈnəʊbl̩mən/ n
szlachcic
man of noble rank, title, or status; peer; aristocrat

noblewoman n
szlachcianka
a woman of noble rank

nobody's determiner
niczyj
belonging to nobody (possessive form of nobody)

nocebo /noʊˈsiboʊ/ /nəʊˈsiːbəʊ/ n
nocebo
pharmacologically inactive substance experienced as harmful due to previous negative perception

noctule /ˈnɑktʃul/ /ˈnɒktjuːl/ n
borowiec
bat of the genus Nyctalus

nocturnal /nɑkˈtɚnəl/ /nɒkˈtɜː(ɹ)nəl/ adj
nocny
taking place at night
primarily active during the night

nocturne /ˈnɑkˌtɝn/ /ˈnɒktɜːn/ n
nokturn
a dreamlike or pensive composition

nod /nɑd/ /nɒd/ /nɔd/ v
kiwać kiwnąć
incline the head up and down

node n
węzeł
vertex of a graph of a network

noise /nɔɪz/ n
szum
sound or signal generated by random fluctuations
technical: unwanted part of a signal
hałas szum
various sounds, usually unwanted

noisy /ˈnɔɪzi/ /ˈnɔːɪzɪ/ adj
hałaśliwy głośny huczny
making a noise

nomad /ˈnoʊmæd/ /ˈnəʊmæd/ n
nomada koczownik
a member of society or class who wander with their herds

nomadic /nəʊˈmæd.ɪk/ adj
koczowniczy nomadyczny
of or relating to any habitually wandering person

nomarch n
nomarcha
head of a nome

nome /noʊm/ /nəʊm/ n
nom
territorial division of ancient Egypt

nomenclature /nəʊˈmɛn.klətʃə/ /ˈnoʊmənˌkleɪtʃəɹ/ n
nomenklatura nazewnictwo
set of names or terms

nominative /ˈnɒmɪnətɪv/ adj
mianowanie mianujący
being in the nominative case

nominative case n
mianownik
case used to indicate the subject

nominee /ˌnɒmɪˈniː/ n
kandydat
a person named or designated to any office, duty or position

non sequitur /ˌnɑːnˈsɛk.wɪ.tɚ/ /ˌnɒnˈsɛk.wɪ.tə/ n
błąd wnioskowania
invalid argument

non- /ˈnɑn/ /ˈnɒn/ prefix
nie-
not

non-commissioned officer n
podoficer
person of authority in the military who has not received a commission

non-governmental adj
pozarządowy
not belonging to a particular government

non-governmental organization n
organizacja pozarządowa
organization with no government participation

non-native speaker n
nierodzima użytkowniczka języka nierodzimy użytkownik języka
someone who has another native tongue then the language being used

non-negative adj
nieujemny

non-smoker n
niepalący
somebody who does not smoke tobacco

nonagenarian /ˌnɒnæd͡ʒɛˈnɛːɹɪən/ n
dziewięćdziesięciolatek dziewięćdziesięciolatka
one who is between the ages of 90 and 99

nonagon /ˈnɑn.ə.ɡɑn/ /ˈnɒn.ə.ɡən/ n
dziewięciokąt
A polygon with nine sides and nine angles

nonalcoholic adj
bezalkoholowy
containing at most trace amounts of alcohol

nonce word n
okazjonalizm
word invented for the occasion

noncommittal /ˌnɑnkəˈmɪtl̩/ /ˌnɒnkəˈmɪtl̩/ adj
niezdecydowany wymijający
tending to avoid commitment

nonconformist n
nonkonformista
someone who does not conform to accepted beliefs, customs or practices

nonconformity n
nonkonformizm
rejection of or the failure to conform, especially to standards, rules, or laws

none /nʌn/ pronoun
żaden
not any person
not any thing

nonetheless /ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs/ adv
jednakowoż jednakże niemniej jednak
nevertheless

nonexistence n
nieistnienie
The state of not existing

nonexistent adj
nieistniejący
not existent

nonfiction n
literatura faktu
written works intended to give facts

nonfree adj
płatny
not free of charge

nonkilling n
niezabijanie
A precept or worldview

nonmetal n
niemetal
element that does not have the properties of a metal

nonnegative adj
nieujemny
either zero or positive

nonplussed /nɑnˈplʌst/ /nɒnˈplʌst/ adj
skonsternowany
bewildered

nonprofessional adj
amatorski
not professional

nonpyrogenic adj
niepirogeniczny niepirogenny
not pyrogenic

nonrepudiation n
niezaprzeczalność
assurance of digital sending or receipt

nonsense /ˈnɑnsɛns/ /ˈnɒnsəns/ n
nonsens bzdura absurd bezsens niedorzeczność
meaningless words

nonstandard adj
nieliteracki nienormatywny niestandardowy substandardowy
not conforming to the standard variety

nonstop adj
bezpośredni nieprzerwany
without stopping

nonstop adv
cały czas nieprzerwanie
without stopping

nonuniform adj
niejednostajny
not uniform

nonzero adj
niezerowy
not equal to zero

noob /n(j)uːb/ n
nowicjusz
newbie

noobish adj
noobowski
like a noob; naive or foolish

noodle /nuːdl̩/ n
makaron kluski
string or strip of pasta

nook /nuːk/ /nʊk/ n
zakamarek zakątek
hidden or secluded spot
wnęka
small corner formed by two walls

noon /nuːn/ n
południe
midday

noose /nuːs/ n
pętla stryczek
adjustable loop or rope

nor /nɔː/ /nɔːɹ/ conjunction
ani
nor

norm /nɔːm/ n
norma
math: function that maps vectors to non-negative scalars
that which is normal

normal /ˈnɔɹməl/ /ˈnɔːməl/ adj
normalny
according to norms or rules
normalny zwykły zwyczajny
usual, ordinary

normal distribution n
rozkład normalny
probability distribution

normal saline n
sól fizjologiczna
solution

normal subgroup n
podgrupa normalna
subgroup that is invariant under conjugation

normal time n
regulaminowy czas

normalcy /ˈnɔɹməlsi/ n
normalność
state of being normal

normality n
normalność
(chemistry) concentration of a solution
state of being normal

normalization n
normalizacja
any process that makes something more normal or regular

normation n
normalizacja normotwórstwo normowanie unormowanie
establishment of a norm

normative /ˈnɔɹmətɪv/ adj
dyrektywalny normatywny normotwórczy
attempting to establish or prescribe a norm
normatywny
of, pertaining to, or using a norm or standard

normativization n
normatywizacja

north /noːθ/ /nɔəθ/ /nɔɹθ/ /nɔːθ/ adj
północny północ
meteorology: of wind, from the north
północny
of or pertaining to the north
toward the north

north /noːθ/ /nɔəθ/ /nɔɹθ/ /nɔːθ/ n
północ
compass point

north pole /ˌnɔɹθ ˈpoʊl/ /ˌnɔːθ ˈpəʊl/ n
biegun północny
northernmost point on celestial bodies
positive pole of a magnetic dipole

northeast adj
północno-wschodni
northeastern

northeast n
północny wschód
compass point

northern /ˈnɒðə(ɹ)n/ /ˈnɔɹðɚn/ /ˈnɔːðən/ adj
północny
facing, situated in or related to the north
of wind

northern gannet n
głuptak
Morus bassanus

northern goshawk n
jastrząb zwyczajny
Accipiter gentilis

northern lights n
zorza polarna
the aurora of the northern hemisphere

northwest adj
północno-zachodni
towards the northwest

nose /noʊz/ /nəʊz/ n
nos
protuberance on the face
tip of an object
skill in recognising bouquet

nose /noʊz/ /nəʊz/ v
węszyć
to detect
wścibiać nos
to snoop

nose-picking n
dłubanie w nosie
insertion of a finger into one's nostril, especially to remove mucus.

noseband n
nachrapnik
part of a bridle or halter

nosedive n
skok na główkę
A headfirst fall or jump
skoczyć na główkę
A rapid fall in price or value

nosey parker n
ciekawski
prying person

nosology n
nozologia
the systematic investigation or classification of disease

nostalgia /nɑˈstældʒə/ /nɒˈstaldʒə/ n
nostalgia
bittersweet yearning for the things of the past

nostalgic adj
nostalgiczny
pertaining to nostalgia

nostalgically adv
nostalgicznie
in a melancholic manner

nostrification n
nostryfikacja
granting recognition to a degree from a foreign university

nostril /ˈnɒstɹɪl/ n
nozdrze
either of the two orifices located on the nose

nostrum /ˈnɑ.stɹəm/ /ˈnɒs.tɹəm/ n
lekarstwo na wszystko nostrum panaceum
medicine or remedy which has not been proven to have any desirable medical effects

not /nɑt/ /nɒt/ adv
nie
negates meaning of verb

not /nɑt/ /nɒt/ conjunction
nie
And not

not at all adv
wcale nie
not

not at all interjection
nie ma za co proszę
conventional reply to expression of gratitude

not guilty adj
niewinny
legally innocent of a crime of which one has been accused in a court of law

not know which end is up v
nie wiedzieć gdzie góra, a gdzie dół
to have no common sense

not only … but also conjunction
nie tylko … ale też nie tylko … lecz także

not yet adv
jeszcze nie
not for the moment, though expected later

notary n
notariusz
notary public

notch /nɑtʃ/ /nɒtʃ/ n
karb nacięcie wręb
V-shaped cut
nacięcie narzaz
such a cut, used for keeping a record

notch /nɑtʃ/ /nɒtʃ/ v
karbować nacinać naciąć narzynać narżnąć wrębiać
to cut a notch

note /noʊt/ /nəʊt/ n
nuta
character indicating the length and pitch of a tone
musical sound
nota
diplomatic missive or written communication
wzmianka nuta
marginal comment or explanation
notatka notka
memorandum
short informal letter
uwaga
observation
renoma
reputation; distinction

note /noʊt/ /nəʊt/ v
zauważać zauważyć
to notice with care

notebook /ˈnoʊtˌbʊk/ /ˈnəʊtˌbʊk/ n
zeszyt kajet notes
empty book able to be used for notes

notepad n
notatnik
bound pad of paper

nothing /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ pronoun
nic
not any thing
something trifling

nothingness n
nicość
state of nonexistence; the condition of being nothing

notice /ˈnoʊtɪs/ /ˈnəʊtɪs/ v
zauważyć
to remark upon

noticeable adj
zauważalna zauważalne zauważalny
capable of being seen or noticed

notify /ˈnoʊtɪfaɪ/ v
notyfikować
(transitive) to give (someone) notice of (something)

notion /ˈnoʊʃən/ /ˈnəʊʃən/ n
pojęcie
mental apprehension of whatever may be known or imagined; an idea; a conception

notochord n
struna grzbietowa

notorious /nəʊˈtɔːɹɪəs/ /nəˈtɔɹiəs/ adj
notoryczny
known widely and infamously

noumenal adj
noumenalny
of or pertaining to the noumenon

noumenon /ˈnumənɑn/ /ˈnuːmənɒn/ n
noumen
thing as it is independent of any conceptualization

noun /naʊn/ /næːn/ n
imię
grammatical category (broad sense)
rzeczownik
grammatical category (narrow sense)

noun numeral n
imię liczbowe

noun phrase n
fraza rzeczownikowa
phrase that can serve as the subject or the object of a verb

nourishing adj
pożywny
that provides nourishment

nourishment n
pożywienie
something that nourishes; food

nouveau riche /ˌnu.voʊ ˈɹiʃ/ /ˌnuː.vəʊ ˈɹiːʃ/ n
dorobkiewicz nowobogacki nowobogacz nuworysz parweniusz
new money: wealthy persons whose fortunes are newly acquired, and who are therefore perceived to lack the refinement of those who were raised wealthy

novel /ˈnɑvəl/ /ˈnɒvl̩/ adj
nowy
new, original, especially in an interesting way

novel /ˈnɑvəl/ /ˈnɒvl̩/ n
powieść
work of prose fiction

novelist n
powieściopisarz powieściopisarka
author of novels

novena n
nowenna
a recitation of prayers for nine days

novice /ˈnɒvɪs/ n
debiutant nowicjusz
beginner
nowicjusz nowicjuszka
new member of a religious order

now /naʊ/ adv
teraz obecnie aktualnie nynie w tej chwili w tym momencie
at the present time

now /naʊ/ interjection
już teraz
signal to begin

nowadays /ˈnaʊ.ə.deɪz/ adv
obecnie teraz
at the present time
współcześnie
in the current era

nowhere /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/ /ˈnəʊ.wɛə/ adv
nigdzie
in no place
donikąd
to no place

noxious /ˈnɒkʃəs/ adj
niezdrowy szkodliwy
harmful

nozzle /ˈnɒzəl/ n
króciec
inlet or outlet pipe
dysza
short tube

nth /ɛnθ/ adj
enty n-ty
occurring at position n

nu /njuː/ /nu/ n
ni
name for the letter of the Greek alphabet: Ν and ν

nuance /ˈnjuː.ɑːns/ /ˈnuː.ɑːns/ n
niuans
minor distinction
niuans subtelność
subtlety or fine detail

nuclear /ˈn(j)ukliɚ/ /ˈnjuː.klɪə/ adj
jądrowy nuklearny
involving nuclear energy
jądrowy
of a weapon: deriving its force from nuclear energy
pertaining to the nucleus of a cell

nuclear energy n
energetyka jądrowa
energy released by a nuclear reaction

nuclear family n
rodzina nuklearna
a family unit consisting of a father, mother and children

nuclear fusion n
fuzja jądrowa
the combining of the nuclei of small atoms to form the nuclei of larger ones

nuclear physicist n
jądrowiec

nuclear reactor n
reaktor jądrowy
device

nuclear war n
wojna atomowa wojna jądrowa wojna nuklearna
war fought using nuclear weapons

nuclear weapon n
broń jądrowa broń atomowa
explosive device

nucleic acid /njuːˈkliː.ɪk ˈæsɪd/ /nuˈkleɪ.ɪk ˈæsɪd/ n
kwasy nukleinowe kwas nukleinowy
acidic chainlike biological macromolecule

nucleolus n
jąderko
part of nucleus of a cell

nucleon n
nukleon
a proton or a neutron

nucleus /ˈnjuː.kli.əs/ /ˈnuːkli.əs/ n
rdzeń
initial part which will receive additions
jądro
physics: massive, positively charged core of an atom
core, central part of something
linguistics: centre of a syllable
cytology: large organelle found in cells

nude /n(j)uːd/ adj
nagi goły
without clothing or other covering

nude /n(j)uːd/ n
akt
image depicting a human in a state of undress

nudism /njuː.dɪzəm/ n
nudyzm
the belief in or practice of social, non-sexual nudity

nudity /ˈnjudɪˌtʰi/ /ˈnudɪti/ n
nagość
the state of being without clothing on the body

nudiustertian /n(j)ʊdi.əsˈtɜʃɪən/ adj
przedwczorajszy
Of or relating to the day before yesterday

nugget /ˈnʌɡət/ n
bryłka
small chunk or clump

nuisance /ˈn(j)uːsəns/ /ˈnjuːsəns/ n
zakłócenie porządku
law: anything harmful or offensive to the community or to a member of it
niedogodność uciążliwość
minor annoyance or inconvenience
utrapienie utrapieniec
person or thing causing annoyance of inconvenience

null set n
zbiór miary zero
negligible set

numb /nʌm/ adj
odrętwiały
physically unable to feel

numbat n
mrówkożer workowaty
small marsupial

number /ˈnʌmbə/ /ˈnʌmbɚ/ n
liczba numer
abstract entity
grammar: state of being singular, dual or plural
mathematics: number
numer
issue of a periodical publication
informal: telephone number
sequence of digits and letters used to register people, automobiles, etc.
cyfra numer
numeral
liczba ilość
quantity
numer liczba
used to show the rank of something in a list or sequence
performance

number /ˈnʌmbə/ /ˈnʌmbɚ/ /ˈnʌmə/ /ˈnʌmɚ/ v
numerować
label with numbers; assign numbers to

number theory n
teoria liczb
branch of pure mathematics

numbness n
odrętwienie
absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation

numeral /ˈnjuːməɹəl/ /ˈnuməɹəl/ n
liczebnik
word or symbol representing a number

numerator n
licznik
in a fraction

numerical /n(j)uˈmɛɹɪkəl/ adj
numeryczny
of or pertaining to numbers

numerous /ˈnjuːməɹəs/ /ˈnuməɹəs/ adj
liczny
Indefinitely large numerically

numismatics /ˌnjuː.mɪzˈma.tɪks/ /ˌnuː.məzˈmæ.tɪks/ n
numizmatyka
study of coins

numismatist n
numizmatyk
one who collects coins and/or currencies

nun /nuːn/ /nʊn/ /nʌn/ n
zakonnica mniszka siostra siostra zakonna
member of a Christian religious community of women
mniszka
member of a non-Christian religious community of women

nun /nʌn/ n
nun
Semitic letter

nunatak /ˈnʌnətæk/ n
nunatak
mountaintop surrounded by glacial ice

nunchaku /nənˈtʃɑːkuː/ /ˈnʌmtʃʌk/ /ˈnʌntʃʌk/ n
nunczako nunczaku
weapon

nuncheon n
podwieczorek
afternoon snack

nuptial /ˈnʌp.ʃəl/ adj
ślubny małżeński weselny
pertaining to wedding and marriage

nuptials /ˈnʌp(t)ʃəls/ /ˈnʌpʃ(ə)ls/ n
wesele zaślubiny ślub
wedding ceremony

nurse /nɜːs/ /nɝs/ n
pielęgniarka siostra
person trained to provide care for the sick
opiekunka
person who takes care of other people's young

nurse /nɜːs/ /nɝs/ v
pielęgnować
to care for the sick
pielęgnować opiekować się
to treat kindly and with extra care

nursing n
pielęgniarstwo
caring for patients

nut /nʌt/ [nɐt] n
orzech
hard-shelled fruit
świr
slang: insane person
łeb
slang: the head
nakrętka
that fits on a bolt

nut job n
świr
someone who is insane

nutcracker n
orzechówka
bird of the genus Nucifraga
dziadek do orzechów
implement for cracking nuts

nuthatch n
kowalik bargiel
passerine bird from the family Sittidae

nutlet n
orzeszek
small nut

nutmeg /ˈnʌt.mɛɡ/ n
gałka muszkatołowa
seed
rybka siatka
soccer/football sense

nutrient /ˈnjuː.tɹi.ənt/ /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ n
składnik pokarmowy
substance that provides nourishment

nutrition /njuːˈtɹɪ.ʃən/ /nuˈtɹɪ.ʃən/ n
pożywienie żywienie
nutrition

nutritionist n
dietetyczka dietetyk
an expert or specialist in nutrition

nutritive /ˈnjuːtɹətɪv/ adj
spożywczy
nourishing, nutritional

nutty /ˈnʌti/ adj
pomylony zwariowany
barmy, crazy, mad
orzechowy
containing nuts

nylon /ˈnaɪlɑn/ /ˈnaɪlɒn/ n
nylon
substance

nymph /ˈnɪmf/ n
nimfa
mythology: water, forest or mountain spirit
insect larva

nymphomaniac /ˈnɪɱfoʊ ˈmeɪniæk/ n
nimfomanka
woman with excessive sexual desire

nystagmus /nɪˈstæɡməs/ n
oczopląs
rapid involuntary eye movement

née /niː/ adj
z domu
used to indicate maiden name of a woman

négligée /ˈnɛɡlɪʒeɪ/ n
negliż
nightgown

o'clock /əˈklɑk/ /əˈklɒk/ adv
godzina pierwsza pierwsza
indication of time (the translations below are of "one o’clock")
o godzinie pierwszej o pierwszej
the translations below are of "at one o’clock"

oaf /oʊf/ /əʊf/ n
daun imbecyl klaun niezdara prostak
imbecile

oak /oʊk/ /əʊk/ adj
dębowy dąb
made of oak wood

oak /oʊk/ /əʊk/ n
dąb
tree or shrub of the genus Quercus
dąb dębina
wood

oaken /əʊk.ən/ adj
dębowy
made from the wood of an oak

oakwood n
dąbrowa dębina dębniak
wood populated with oaks

oar /o(ː)ɹ/ /oə/ /ɔɹ/ /ɔː/ n
wiosło
implement used to row a boat

oarlock n
dulka
device to hold oars in place

oasis /oʊˈeɪsɪs/ /əʊˈeɪsɪs/ n
oaza
well surrounded by fertile region
quiet or peaceful place

oat /əʊt/ n
owies
a widely cultivated cereal grass

oath /ˈoʊθ/ /ˈəʊθ/ n
klątwa przysięga
affirmed statement
przysięga
solemn pledge

oatmeal n
płatki owsiane
breakfast cereal

oats n
owies
seeds of an oat plant

obedience /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːdɪəns/ n
posłuszeństwo
quality of being obedient

obedient /oʊˈbidiənt/ /əʊˈbiːdɪənt/ adj
posłuszny
willing to comply with commands

obeisance /oʊˈbeɪsəns/ n
pokłon
demonstration of an obedient attitude, especially by bowing deeply; a deep bow which demonstrates such an attitude

obelisk n
obelisk
A tall, square, tapered, stone monolith topped with a pyramidal point

obese /oʊˈbis/ /əʊˈbiːs/ adj
otyły
extremely overweight

obesity n
otyłość
act or state of being obese

obey /oʊˈbeɪ/ /əʊˈbeɪ/ v
przestrzegać być posłusznym
to do as ordered by

obfuscate /ˈɑːbfʌskeɪt/ /ˈɒbfʌskeɪt/ v
zaciemniać
alter code
zaciemniać zaciemnić
make dark

obituary /əˈbɪtjʊəɹɪ/ n
nekrolog
brief notice of a person's death, as published in a newspaper

object /əbˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɑb.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɒb.d͡ʒɛkt/ n
dopełnienie obiekt
in grammar
obiekt
in object-oriented programming
przedmiot obiekt
person or thing to which an emotion is directed
obiekt przedmiot
thing

object /əbˈd͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɑb.d͡ʒɛkt/ /ˈɒb.d͡ʒɛkt/ v
sprzeciwiać się
disagree with something or someone

object code n
kod wynikowy
output of a compiler or assembler

object-oriented programming n
programowanie obiektowe
programming paradigm that uses objects to design application and computer programs

objection /əbˈdʒɛkʃən/ n
sprzeciw
official protest raised in a court of law
statement expressing opposition

objective /ɒbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ /əbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ adj
obiektywny
not influenced by emotions
based on observed fact
obiektowy przedmiotowy
relating to a material object

objective /ɒbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ /əbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ n
cel
goal
obiektyw
lens
obiekt
material object

objectivity /ɒbdʒekˈtɪvəti/ /ˌɑːbdʒekˈtɪvəti/ n
obiektywność
The state of being objective

oblanceolate adj
odwrotnie-lancetowaty
of a reversed lanceolate shape

oblast /ˈɒbləst/ n
obwód
region or province

obligate /ˈɑblɪɡeɪt/ /ˈɑblɪɡət/ /ˈɒblɪɡeɪt/ /ˈɒblɪɡət/ v
zobowiązać zobowiązywać
to bind, compel, or constrain by a social, legal, or moral tie

obligation /ɑb.ləˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ n
obowiązek zobowiązanie
act of binding oneself by a social, legal, or moral tie to someone

obligatory /əˈblɪɡət(ə)ɹi/ /əˈblɪɡətɔɹi/ adj
obowiązkowy wiążący
binding

obliged /əˈblaɪdʒd/ adj
zobligowany zobowiązany
Under an obligation to do something for someone

obliging adj
uprzejmy usłużny
Happy and ready to do favours for others

oblique case n
przypadek zależny
any noun case except the nominative (and vocative)

oblivion /əˈblɪvɪən/ n
zapomnienie niepamięć
state of being completely forgotten
nieświadomość
state of forgetfulness or distraction

obnoxious /əbˈnɑkʃəs/ /əbˈnɒkʃəs/ adj
nieznośny obraźliwy okropny przykry wstrętny
offensive, very annoying

oboe /ˈoʊboʊ/ n
obój
wind instrument

oboe d'amore /ˌoʊboʊ dɑˈmɔɹeɪ/ /ˌəʊbəʊ daˈmɔːɹeɪ/ n
obój miłosny
instrument of the oboe family

obolus n
obol
silver coin

obscene /əbˈsin/ adj
obsceniczny
disgusting or repulsive
nieprzyzwoity obsceniczny sprośny
offensive to current standards of decency or morality

obscenity n
obsceniczność
something that is obscene

obscure /əbˈskjʊə(ɹ)/ /əbˈskjʊɹ/ adj
ciemny niewyraźny
dark, faint or indistinct
mało znany ukryty
hidden, out of sight or inconspicuous

obscure /əbˈskjʊə(ɹ)/ /əbˈskjʊɹ/ v
przesłonić zaciemnić
to darken, make faint
schować ukryć
to hide, put out of sight

obscurity /əbˈskjʊəɹɪti/ /əbˈskjʊɹɪti/ n
ciemność mrok
darkness; the absence of light

obsequious /əbˈsiːkwi.əs/ adj
służalczy
fawning, subservient
obedient, compliant with someone else's orders

observable adj
obserwowalny
able to be observed

observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃən/ /ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃ(ə)n/ n
obserwacja
act of observing or being observed

observatory /əbˈzəɹvətɔɹi/ /əbˈzəːvət(ə)ɹi/ n
obserwatorium
place where celestial bodies or natural phenomena are observed

observe /əbˈzɜːv/ /əbˈzɝv/ v
spostrzec zaobserwować zauważyć
to comment
przestrzegać obchodzić zachowywać
to follow
obserwować
to notice, to watch

observer /əbˈzɜːvə/ /əbˈzɝvɚ/ n
obserwator obserwatorka
one who makes observations, monitors or takes notice
person sent to monitor but not to participate

obsession /əbˈsɛʃən/ n
obsesja
unhealthy fixation
compulsive or irrational preoccupation

obsessive /əbˈsɛsɪv/ adj
obsesyjny
excessive

obsessive-compulsive disorder n
zaburzenia obsesyjno-kompulsywne
form of anxiety

obsidian /ˌɒbˈsɪd.i.ən/ /ˌʌbˈsɪdi.ən/ n
obsydian
a type of black glass produced by volcanoes

obsolescent /ɑbsəˈlɛsənt/ /ɒbsəˈlɛsənt/ adj
wychodzący z użycia zanikający
in the process of becoming obsolete, but not obsolete yet

obsolete /ɑbsəˈliːt/ /ˈɒbsəliːt/ adj
przestarzały zdezaktualizowany
no longer in use

obstacle /ˈɑbstəkl̩/ /ˈɒbstəkl̩/ n
przeszkoda trudność
something that impedes, stands in the way of, or holds up progress

obstetrician /ˌɒbstəˈtɹɪʃən/ n
położna położnik
a physician who specializes in childbirth

obstetrics n
położnictwo
care of women during and after pregnancy

obstinacy /ˈɑbstɪnəsi/ /ˈɒbstɪnəsi/ n
upartość
state of stubbornness

obstreperous /əbˈstɹɛp.əɹ.əs/ /əbˈstɹɛpəɹəs/ adj
hałaśliwy
attended by, or making a loud and tumultuous noise
hałaśliwy niesforny zaczepny
noisily and stubbornly defiant

obtain /əbˈteɪn/ v
otrzymywać dostawać dostać nabywać nabyć otrzymać
to get hold of, acquire

obtrusive /əbˈtɹuːsɪv/ adj
nachalny
Pushy

obtuse /əbˈt(j)us/ /əbˈtjuːs/ adj
rozwarty tępy
of an angle

obtuse angle n
kąt rozwarty
angle that is greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees

obtuse triangle n
trójkąt rozwartokątny
triangle with an obtuse angle

obtuse-angled adj
rozwartokątny
of a triangle

obverse n
awers
the heads side of a coin, or the side of a medal or badge that has the principal

obvious /ˈɑb.vi.əs/ /ˈɒb.vɪəs/ adj
oczywisty
easily discovered or understood; self-explanatory

obviously /ˈɑ(b).vi.əs.li/ /ˈɒ(b).vɪəs.li/ adv
oczywiście
in an obvious manner; clearly apparent

ocarina /ɑkəˈɹinə/ /ɒkəˈɹiːnə/ n
okaryna
a musical instrument

occasion /əˈkeɪʒən/ n
okazja wypadek
favorable opportunity
powód
occurrence which brings with it some unlooked-for event; motive, reason

occasional /əˈkeɪʒənəl/ adj
przypadkowy rzadki sporadyczny
limited to certain occasions; not very often

occasionally /əˈkeɪʒənəli/ adv
od czasu do czasu
from time to time; now and then; once in a while; at infrequent intervals

occipital adj
potyliczny
of or pertaining to the occiput (back of the head) or the occipital bone

occiput /ˈɑksɪpʌt/ /ˈɒksɪpʌt/ n
potylica
back of the head or skull

occult /əˈkʌlt/ /ˈɒk.ʌlt/ n
okultyzm
supernatural affairs

occultation /ˌɑkəlˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɒkəlˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ n
okultacja
astronomical event

occupation /ɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/ /ɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən/ n
zajmowanie
act, process or state of possessing a place
zajęcie zawód
activity or task with which one occupies oneself
okupacja
control of a country or region by a hostile army

occupational adj
zawodowy
of, relating to, or caused by an occupation

occupational health and safety n
bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
activity to promote health and safety in workplace

occupational safety and health n
bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
activity to promote safety in workplace

occupied /ˈɑkjəpaɪd/ adj
zajęty
busy
reserved
okupowany zajęty
militarily subjugated

occupier n
okupant
one who occupies

occupy /ˈɑkjəpaɪ/ /ˈɒkjʊpaɪ/ v
okupować zajmować
have (taken) control of

occur /əˈkɜː/ /əˈkɝ/ v
występować
be present or found
napaść
meet or come to the mind
wydarzać się wydarzyć się
take place

occurrence /əˈkɐɹən(t)s/ /əˈkɝən(t)s/ /əˈkʌɹən(t)s/ n
wydarzenie pojawienie wypadek zjawisko
actual instance where a situation arises

ocean /ˈoʊ.ʃən/ /ˈəʊ.ʃən/ n
ocean
one of the large bodies of water

ocean sunfish n
samogłów
Mola mola

oceanarium n
oceanarium
park where visitors can see marine animals

oceanic adj
oceaniczny
living in the ocean
of or relating to the ocean

oceanologist n
oceanolog oceanolożka
one who studies oceans

ocellus n
oczko przyoczko
simple eyes consisting of a single lens

ocelot /ˈɑːsəlɑːt/ /ˈɒsəlɒt/ n
ocelot
feline carnivore

ochlocracy /ɑkˈlɑkɹəsi/ /ɒkˈlɒkɹəsi/ n
ochlokracja
government by the masses

ochre /ˈoʊkɚ/ /ˈəʊkə/ n
ochra
yellowish-orange colour

octagon /ˈɒk.tə.ɡɒn/ /ˈɒk.tə.ɡən/ n
ośmiokąt
polygon with eight sides and eight angles

octagonal /ɑkˈtæɡ.ə.n(ə)l/ adj
oktagonalny ośmiokątny
shaped like an octagon

octahedron n
oktaedr ośmiościan foremny
a polyhedron with eight faces

octal /ˈɒk.təl/ adj
ósemkowy
concerning numbers expressed in octal or mathematics calculations performed using octal

octane /ˈɒk.teɪn/ n
oktan
isomeric aliphatic hydrocarbons

octave /ˈɑktɪv/ /ˈɒktɪv/ n
oktawa
interval

octet n
oktet
group of eight musicians performing together

octillion /ɒkˈtɪl.iː.ən/ numeral
kwadryliard
a thousand trillion trillion, 1027

octogenarian n
osiemdziesięciolatek osiemdziesięciolatka
One who is between the age of 80 and 89, inclusive

octopus /ˈɑːkt.ə.pʊs/ /ˈɒkt.ə.pʊs/ n
ośmiornica
mollusc

ocular /ˈɑ.kjə.lɚ/ /ˈɒk.jə.lə/ adj
oczny
of or relating to the eye

odd /ɑd/ /ɒd/ adj
nieparzysty
indivisible by two
dziwny
strange

odd function n
funkcja nieparzysta
function

ode /oʊd/ /əʊd/ n
oda
a short poetical composition

odometer /oʊˈdɑːmətɚ/ /əʊˈdɒmətə/ n
drogomierz
instrument attached to the wheel

odor /ˈoʊ.dɚ/ /ˈəʊ.də/ n
zapach
Any smell, whether fragrant or offensive; scent; perfume

odorless /əʊdələs/ adj
bezzapachowy bezwonny
having no odor

odyssey /ˈɑ.dɨ.si/ /ˈɒ.dɨ.si/ n
odyseja
extended adventurous voyage

oenological adj
enologiczny
of or pertaining to oenology, the study of wine

oenologist n
enolog
an expert in the science of oenology

oenology /iˈnɑlədʒi/ n
enologia winoznawstwo
scientific study of wines

oesophagus /iːˈsɒfəɡəs/ /ɪˈsɑfəɡəs/ n
przełyk
the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach

of /ɒv/ /ɔv/ /əv/ /ʌv/ preposition
z
introducing an epithet
containing, comprising or made from

of course /əv ˈkoə(ɹ)s/ /əv ˈkɔː(ɹ)s/ adv
oczywiście
naturally

off /ɑf/ /ɒf/ /ɔf/ /ɔːf/ adv
od-
in a direction away from the speaker or object

off /ɑf/ /ɒf/ /ɔf/ /ɔːf/ v
sprzątnąć
to kill

off-white n
złamana biel
very pale colour that is almost white

offal /ˈɑfl̩/ /ˈɒfl̩/ /ˈɔfl̩/ n
podroby
animal's organs as food

offend /əˈfɛnd/ v
obrazić się
to feel or become offended
obrażać obrazić urazić urażać
to hurt the feelings

offender n
przestępca
a person who commits an offense against the law

offensive /əˈfɛnsɪv/ /ˈɔˌfɛnsɪv/ adj
obraźliwy
causing offense
ofensywny
relating to attack, offense
team sports: having to do with play directed at scoring

offensive /əˈfɛnsɪv/ /ˈɔˌfɛnsɪv/ n
ofensywa atak
an attack

offer /ˈɑfɚ/ /ˈɒfə(ɹ)/ /ˈɔfɚ/ n
oferta propozycja
proposal
oferta
something put forth
law: invitation to enter binding contract

offer /ˈɑfɚ/ /ˈɒfə(ɹ)/ /ˈɔfɚ/ v
proponować oferować zaoferować zaproponować
place at disposal
oferować proponować zaoferować zaproponować
propose

office /ˈɑfɪs/ /ˈɒfɪs/ /ˈɔfɪs/ n
oficjum
ceremonial religious duty or rite
funkcja stanowisko
position of responsibility
biuro urząd
room(s) or building used for non-manual work
major governmental division

office worker n
pracownik biurowy
Someone who works in an office

officer /ˈɑfɪsɚ/ /ˈɒfsə/ /ˈɒfəsə/ /ˈɒfɪsə/ /ˈɔfəsɚ/ /ˈɔfɪsɚ/ n
oficer
contraction of the term "commissioned officer"
urzędnik urzędniczka
one who holds a public office

official /əˈfɪʃəl/ n
urzędnik
office holder invested with powers and authorities

officially /əˈfɪʃəli/ adv
oficjalnie
in an official manner

officiate /əˈfiʃ.i.eɪt/ v
pełnić obowiązki przewodniczyć
to perform the functions of some office
sędziować
to serve as umpire or referee

offside adj
na spalonym
in an illegal position ahead of the ball

offside n
spalony
offside play

offspring /ˈɒfspɹɪŋ/ /ˈɔfspɹɪŋ/ n
potomstwo
plural or collective offspring (only males, only females, both sexes or sex unspecified)
potomek
singular offspring (male, female or sex unspecified)

often /ˈɑf(t)ən/ /ˈɒf(t)ən/ /ˈɔf(t)ən/ adv
często
frequently, many times

oganesson /oʊ.ɡəˈnɛsɒn/ n
oganeson
chemical element with atomic number 118

ogonek /ˈoʊɡənɛk/ /ˈəʊɡənɛk/ n
ogonek
diacritical mark

ogre /ˈoʊ.ɡɚ/ /ˈəʊ.ɡə/ n
ogr
brutish giant

oh /oʊ/ /əʊ/ interjection
ach och
expression of surprise

oh dear interjection
o rany
expression of dismay, concern, worry or disapproval

oh my God interjection
mój Boże
excitement or shock

oh my gosh interjection
O mój Boże
oh my God

oh no interjection
no o nie
exclamation of alarm or concern

ohel n
ohel
structure over the grave

ohm /oʊm/ /əʊm/ n
om ohm
the derived unit of electrical resistance

oil /ɔɪl/ n
olej
liquid fat
olej ropa naftowa ropa
petroleum-based liquid

oil /ɔɪl/ v
naoliwić
lubricate with oil

oil cake n
makuch
solid residue

oil lamp n
kaganek
a simple vessel used to produce light

oil palm n
palma olejowa
Palm family of trees

oil pipeline n
naftociąg ropociąg
oil pipeline

oil rig n
wieża wiertnicza
oil-drilling platform

oil sand n
piasek roponośny
relatively loose sandstone or porous carbonate rock impregnated with bitumen

oil tanker n
tankowiec
Ship

oilbird n
tłuszczak
Steatornis caripensis

oilcloth n
cerata
fabric or cloth

oilily adv
oleiście
in an oily way

oink /ɔɪŋk/ v
kwiczeć
to oink

ointment /ˈɔɪnt.mɪnt/ n
maść
viscous preparation, usually containing medication

okapi /ə(ʊ)ˈkɑːpi/ /əʊˈkɑːpi/ n
okapi
Large ruminant mammal

okra /ˈoʊkɹə/ /ˈəʊkɹə/ n
ketmia piżmowa okra piżmian właściwy róża chińska
A. esculentus

okroshka /əˈkɹɔʃkə/ n
okroszka
cold raw vegetable soup

okrug n
okręg
administrative division

old /ˈoʊld/ /ˈəʊld/ adj
stary
former
(of an item) used, not new
mieć stary
having existed or lived for the specified time
stary stare
of a living being: having lived for relatively many years
of an object, concept, etc: having existed for a relatively long period of time

old age n
starość
latter part of life

old as the hills adj
stary jak świat
extremely old

old fart n
stary pryk
pejorative: elderly person

old man n
staruszek starzec dziadek
elderly man
stary
father (slang)

old sweat n
wiarus
experienced soldier

old woman n
baba babcia starucha staruszka
elderly woman

old-fashioned /oʊldˈfæʃənd/ /əʊldˈfæʃənd/ adj
staromodny staroświecki
outdated or no longer in vogue
staromodny
preferring the customs of earlier times

old-growth forest n
las pierwotny
forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance

older brother n
starszy brat
multi-word, compound-word or otherwise sum-of-parts translations

oldness /əʊldnəs/ n
starość
state of being old

oleaginous /ˌoʊ.liˈædʒ.ɪ.nəs/ /ˌəʊ.lɪˈædʒ.ɪ.nəs/ adj
oleisty
oily, greasy

olfaction n
węch
the sense of smell

olfactory /oʊlˈfæk.təɹ.i/ /ɒlˈfæk.təɹ.ɪ/ adj
węchowy
concerning the sense of smell

oligarch /ˈoʊlɪˌɡɑɹk/ n
oligarcha
a member of an oligarchy

oligarchy /ˈɑːlɪˌɡɑɹki/ /ˈɒlɪɡɑːki/ n
oligarchia
Government by only a few
State ruled by such a government
Those who make up an oligarchic government

oligomer /əˈlɪ.ɡə.məɹ/ n
oligomer
compound intermediate between a monomer and a polymer

oliguria n
oliguria skąpomocz
a decreased production in the volume of urine

olive /ˈɑlɪv/ /ˈɒlɪv/ adj
oliwkowy żółtawozielony
colour

olive /ˈɑlɪv/ /ˈɒlɪv/ n
oliwka
fruit

olive oil n
oliwa
oil pressed from olives

olive tree n
oliwka
tree that produces olives

omasum n
księgi
the third part of the stomach of a ruminant

ombudsman /ˈɑmbədzmən/ /ˈɒmbədzmən/ n
ombudsman
official who investigates complaints

omega /oʊˈmɛɡə/ /ˈəʊmɛɡə/ n
omega
letter of the Greek alphabet

omelette /ˈɑm.lət/ /ˈɒm.lɪt/ /ˈɔm.lət/ n
omlet
dish made with beaten eggs

omeprazole /əʊˈmɛpɹəzəʊl/ n
omeprazol
benzimidazole

ominous /ˈɒmɪnəs/ adj
złowieszczy złowróżbny
giving indication of a coming ill

omit /ɵˈmɪt/ v
opuścić opuszczać pomijać pominąć
to leave out or exclude

omnidirectional adj
dookólny
in every direction

omnifarious adj
różnoraki różnorodny wszelaki
of all forms

omnipotence n
wszechmoc
unlimited power

omnipotent /ɒmˈnɪpətənt/ adj
wszechmocny
having unlimited power, force or authority

omnipresence n
wszechobecność omniprezencja
the ability to be at all places at the same time

omnipresent /ɑmnɪˈpɹɛzn̩t/ /ɒmnɪˈpɹɛzn̩t/ adj
wszechobecny
being everywhere

omniscience /ɑmˈnɪʃəns/ /ɒmˈnɪʃəns/ n
wszechwiedza
capacity to know everything

omniscient /ɑmˈnɪʃənt/ /ɒmˈnɪsɪənt/ adj
wszechwiedzący
having total knowledge

omnivore n
wszystkożerca
animal eating both plants and meat

omnivorous adj
wszystkożerny
having the ability to eat both animal and vegetable food

on /ɑn/ /ɒn/ /ɔn/ adj
włączony
in the state of being active, functioning or operating

on /ɑn/ /ɒn/ /ɔn/ preposition
o
dealing with the subject of
przy
math:having V as both domain and codomain
na
positioned at the upper surface of
covering
touching; hanging from
math:having Vn as domain and V as codomain
w
some time during the day of

on average
przeciętnie średnio
as a measure of central tendency
średnio
usually

on behalf of
w imieniu
speaking or acting for

on cloud nine
w siódmym niebie
very happy, blissful

on demand
na żądanie
when needed or required

on earth
na Boga
expletive giving emphasis after interrogative word

on foot
pieszo piechota
walking, jogging, running

on one's deathbed
na łożu śmierci
close to death (idiomatic)

on one's own
samodzielnie
alone; by oneself; without the companionship or assistance of others

on purpose
celowo specjalnie umyślnie
purposely, with intention

on the contrary
przeciwnie wręcz przeciwnie
opposite

on the edge of one's seat
trzymać w napięciu
in suspense

on the house
na koszt firmy
free service

on the loose
na wolności
not in captivity

on the other hand
z drugiej strony natomiast
from another point of view

on the street
na ulicy
without a home

on the tip of one's tongue
na końcu języka
known but not quite remembered

on time adv
na czas
punctually

on your mark, get set, go phraseologicalUnit
na miejsca, gotowi, start!
three-command start of racing

onager /ˈɑnədʒɚ/ /ˈɒnədʒə/ n
onager
Asiatic wild ass or hemione
military engine

once /wʌn(t)s/ adv
wcześniej
formerly
jeden raz raz
one and only one time

once again adv
znowu jeszcze raz na nowo ponownie
one more time

once and for all adv
raz na zawsze
Finally, permanently, conclusively

once bitten, twice shy proverb
kto się na gorącym sparzył, ten na zimne dmucha
one is cautious in the future if hurt in the past

once in a blue moon /wʌns ɪn ə bluː muːn/ adv
od wielkiego dzwonu raz na ruski rok
very rarely

once upon a time /ˈwʌns.əˈpɒn.əˈtaɪ̯m/ adv
dawno, dawno temu pewnego razu za górami, za lasami
traditional beginning of children’s stories, especially fairy tales

oncilla /ɒnˈsiː.ə/ n
ocelot tygrysi oncilla
Leopardus tigrinus

oncology /ɒŋˈkɒlədʒi/ n
onkologia
branch of medicine

one /oʊn/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ n
jedynka jeden
digit or figure

one /oʊn/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ numeral
jeden jedynka
cardinal number 1

one /oʊn/ /wan/ /wɒn/ /wʌn/ pronoun
ktoś
impersonal pronoun

one and a half numeral
półtora półtorej
one and a half

one another pronoun
nawzajem
idiomatic, reciprocal pronoun

one for all, all for one /wʌn fəɹɔːl ɔːl fə wʌn/ phraseologicalUnit
jeden za wszystkich, wszyscy za jednego
motto: working for each other

one good turn deserves another proverb
przysługa za przysługę
one act of kindness should be paid back by another act of kindness

one o'clock n
godzina pierwsza pierwsza
the start of the second hour

one of a kind n
jedyny w swoim rodzaju
unique specimen

one swallow does not a summer make proverb
jedna jaskółka wiosny nie czyni
one instance of an event does not necessarily indicate a trend

one's /wʌns/ /wʌnz/ pronoun
swój
belonging to one

one's bark is worse than one's bite phraseologicalUnit
pies który dużo szczeka - nie gryzie
one acts in a threatening way but is relatively harmless

one's blood runs cold phraseologicalUnit
aż zmroziło
One experiences a visceral feeling of fear, horror, dread, or strong forboding

one-armed adj
jednoręki
having only one arm

one-armed bandit n
jednoręki bandyta
gaming machine

one-dimensional adj
jednowymiarowy
having length, but no width, height or depth

one-eyed adj
jednooki
having only a single eye

one-handed adv
jednoręki
having only one hand

one-legged /ˈwʌnˌlɛɡəd/ adj
jednonogi
having only one leg

one-off n
prowizorka
something that is done only once

oneiric /oʊ.ˈnaɪ.ɹɪk/ /əʊ.ˈnaɪ.ɹɪk/ adj
oniryczny senny
of or pertaining to dreams

oneirism /ə(ʊ)ˈnʌɪɹɪzəm/ n
oniryzm
dream-like experiences or qualities

oneirology n
oneirologia
the study of dreams

oneiromancy /oʊˈnaɪɹoʊˌmæn(t)si/ /əˈnaɪɹəˌmænsi/ n
onejromancja
divination by the interpretation of dreams

onerous /ˈɑnəɹəs/ /ˈɒnəɹəs/ adj
uciążliwy
burdensome

oneself /wʌnˈsɛlf/ pronoun
siebie sobie

ongoing adj
w toku
continuing, permanent
presently or currently happening; being in progress

onion /ˈʌnjən/ /ˈʌŋjɪn/ n
cebula
plant

only /ˈoʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.lɪ/ adj
jedyny
alone in a category
jedyny najlepszy
singularly superior; the best

only /ˈoʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈəʊn.lɪ/ adv
dopiero
as recently as
tylko
no more than
tylko jedynie
without others or anything further; exclusively

only child n
jedynak jedynaczka
person who has no siblings

onocentaur /ɒnəˈsɛntɔː/ n
onocentaury
a centaur with the body of an ass

onomasticon /ˌɑː.noʊˈmæs.tɪkən/ /ˌɒ.nəʊˈmæs.tɪ.kən/ n
onomastykon
lexicon of personal names

onomastics /ˌɑː.noʊˈmæs.tɪks/ /ˌɒ.nəʊˈmæs.tɪks/ n
onomastyka
branch of lexicology devoted to the study of names

onomatopoeia /ˌɑnəˌmætəˈpiːə/ /ˌɑnəˌmɑnəˈpiːə/ /ˌɒnəˌmætəˈpeɪə/ /ˌɒnəˌmætəˈpiːə/ n
onomatopeja
property of a word of sounding like what it represents
word that sounds like what it represents

ontological adj
ontologiczny
of, or relating to, ontology

ontology /ɒnˈtɒləd͡ʒi/ n
ontologia
study of being
system model in computer science

onward /ˈɑnwɚd/ /ˈɒnwəd/ /ˈɔnwɚd/ adv
do przodu w przód
In a forward direction

onyx /ˈɒnɪks/ n
onyks
a banded variety of chalcedony

oogamy /oʊˈɒɡəmi/ n
oogamia
a form of anisogamy in which the female gamete is significantly larger than the male gamete and is non-motile

oogonium n
lęgnia
oogonium

oology /oʊˈ(w)ɑlədʒi/ /əʊˈɒlədʒi/ n
oologia owlogia
study of birds' eggs

oomycete n
lęgniowiec
protist of the class Oomycetes

oophorectomy /ˌəʊəfəˈɹɛktəmi/ n
owariektomia
surgical removal of ovaries

oophorous adj
jajonośny

oops /uːps/ interjection
oj ups
acknowledging a minor mistake
used sarcastically to acknowledge a major mistake

ooze /uːz/ n
brzeczka garbująca
tanning liquor, tanning ooze

ooze /uːz/ v
sączyć się wyciekać
to secrete or slowly leak

opah /ˈoʊpə/ /ˈəʊpə/ n
strojnik
fish of the Lampridae family

opal /ˈoʊpəl/ /ˈəʊpəl/ n
opal
a mineral consisting, like quartz, of silica, but inferior to quartz in hardness and specific gravity

opaque /oʊˈpeɪk/ /əʊˈpeɪk/ adj
nieprzejrzysty nieprzezroczysty
hindering light to pass through

open /ˈoʊ.pən/ /ˈəʊ.pən/ adj
otwarty
not closed
prepared to conduct business
receptive
public
math: which is part of a predefined collection of subsets

open /ˈoʊ.pən/ /ˈəʊ.pən/ v
otwierać się
to become open
otwierać
to begin conducting business
otwierać podejmować
to bring up (a topic)
otwierać otworzyć
to make something accessible
to make accessible to customers
rozpocząć
to start (a campaign)

open sesame phraseologicalUnit
Sezamie, otwórz się
open up

open-air museum n
skansen
outdoor museum

opening /ˈoʊ.pənɪŋ/ /ˈəʊ.pənɪŋ/ n
otwarcie
act or instance of beginning
act or instance of making or becoming open
something that is open

opening credits n
czołówka
credits shown at the beginning

openly /ˈoʊpənli/ adv
jawnie otwarcie
in an open manner, visibly, not covertly

openwork /ˈəʊpənwɜː(ɹ)k/ n
ażur
metalwork or needlework having decorative openings

opera /ˈɑ.pəɹ.ə/ /ˈɒp.əɹ.ə/ n
opera
theatrical work
building
score
company

operated adj
obsługiwany operowany
operated by the means specified

operating system /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɪŋ ˌsɪstəm/ /ˈɒpəˌɹeɪtɪŋ ˌsɪstəm/ n
system operacyjny
software which controls computer

operating theatre n
sala operacyjna
room in a hospital used for performing surgery

operation /ˌɑpəˈɹeɪʃən/ /ˌɒpəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
działanie funkcjonowanie
method by which a device performs its function
operacja działania
military campaign
operacja
surgical procedure
procedure for generating a value from one or more other values

operator /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪɾɚ/ /ˈɒpəˌɹeɪtə/ n
operator
mathematical operator
one who operates
telecommunications operator

operetta n
operetka
lighter version of opera

ophthalmological adj
oftalmologiczny okulistyczny
pertaining to ophthalmology

ophthalmologist /ˌɑf.θə(l)ˈmɑ.lə.dʒɪst/ /ˌɒf.θælˈmɒ.lə.dʒɪst/ n
okulista okulistka
eye specialist

ophthalmology /ˌɒfθəlˈmɒlədʒi/ n
oftalmologia okulistyka
eye medicine

opine /oʊˈpaɪn/ /ə(ʊ)ˈpaɪn/ v
opiniować wydawać opinię
to have or express an opinion

opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ n
opinia pogląd zdanie
thought a person has formed about a topic

opinion piece n
felieton
opinion article

opinion poll n
sondaż
poll

opium /ˈoʊpi.əm/ /ˈəʊpi.əm/ n
opium opium dla mas
anything that numbs or stupefies
opium
drug from opium poppy

opossum /əˈpɑsəm/ /əˈpɒsəm/ n
opos dydelf
marsupial of the Didelphidae

opponent /ɒpəʊnənt/ n
przeciwnik oponent oponentka przeciwniczka

opportunist n
oportunista oportunistka
someone who takes advantage of any opportunity

opportunity /ˌɑpɚˈtunəti/ /ˌɒp.əˈtjuː.nɪ.tɪ/ n
okazja możliwość sposobność
chance for advancement, progress or profit

oppose /əˈpoʊz/ /əˈpəʊz/ v
przeciwstawiać
to attempt to stop the progression of; to resist or antagonize by physical means, or by arguments, etc.

opposite /ˈɑp(ə)sɪt/ /ˈɒpəzɪt/ adj
przeciwny
facing the other way
of complementary or mutually exclusive things
przeciwległy
located directly across from

opposite /ˈɑp(ə)sɪt/ /ˈɒpəzɪt/ adv
naprzeciwko
in an opposite position

opposite /ˈɑp(ə)sɪt/ /ˈɒpəzɪt/ n
przeciwieństwo
antonym
przeciwieństwo sprzeczność
contrary thing
przeciwniczka przeciwnik
opponent

opposite /ˈɑp(ə)sɪt/ /ˈɒpəzɪt/ preposition
naprzeciw naprzeciwko vis-à-vis
across from

opposite sex n
płeć przeciwna
the other gender to which one is referring

opposites attract proverb
przeciwieństwa się przyciągają
proverb

opposition /ɑpəˈzɪʃn̩/ /ɒpəˈzɪʃən/ n
opozycja
politics: party or movement opposesd to government
astronomy

oppressor n
ciemięzca gnębiciel
someone who oppresses others

oprichnina n
opricznina
period of Russian history

optical fibre n
światłowód
fibre used for transmitting light

optician n
optyk
a person who makes or sells lenses, spectacles

optics /ˈɑptɪks/ /ˈɒptɪks/ n
optyka
physics of light and vision

optimist /ˈɑptɪmɪst/ /ˈɒptɪmɪst/ n
optymista optymistka
a person who expects a favourable outcome

optimistic /ˌɑptɪˈmɪstɪk/ /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj
optymistyczny
expecting a good outcome

optimistically adv
optymistycznie
in an optimistic manner

optimization n
optymalizacja
the design and operation of a system or process to make it as good as possible in some defined sense

optimize /ˈɑptɪmaɪz/ /ˈɒptɪmaɪz/ v
optymizować
to make (something) more efficient
optymalizować
to make (something) optimal

optimum /ˈɑptɪməm/ /ˈɒptɪməm/ adj
najkorzystniejszy optymalhy
best or most advantageous

optimum /ˈɑptɪməm/ /ˈɒptɪməm/ n
optimum
the best or most favorable condition

optional adj
fakultatywny opcjonalny
not compulsory

opulence n
obfitość
wealth

or /ɑɹ/ /ɔɹ/ /ɔː(ɹ)/ /ɚ/ adj
złoty
of yellow or gold tincture on a coat of arms

or /ɑɹ/ /ɔɹ/ /ɔː(ɹ)/ /ɚ/ conjunction
albo lub czy
conjunction

oracle /ˈɔɹəkəl/ n
wyrocznia
priest through whom deity provides prophecy or advice

oral /ˈɔɹəl/ /ˈɔːɹəl/ adj
ustny
spoken
relating to the mouth

oral sex n
oral seks oralny
stimulation of the genitals using the mouth

orange /ˈɑɹɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹɨn(d)ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ(ɪ)nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ adj
pomarańczowy pomarańcza
having the colour of the fruit of an orange tree

orange /ˈɑɹɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɒɹɨn(d)ʒ/ /ˈɔɹ(ɪ)nd͡ʒ/ /ˈɔɹɪ̈nd͡ʒ/ n
pomarańczowy pomarańcz
colour
pomarańcza pomarańcz
fruit
pomarańcza drzewo pomarańczowe
tree

orange blossom n
kwiat pomarańczy
white flower of the orange tree

orange juice n
sok pomarańczowy
juice of squeezed oranges

orangeade /ˈɒ.ɹɪn.ˌdʒeɪd/ n
oranżada
orange-flavored soft drink
soda water and orange juice

orangery n
oranżeria pomarańczarnia
greenhouse in which orange trees are grown

orant n
adorant
image

orator /ˈɒ.ɹə.tə(ɹ)/ n
mówca mówczyni orator oratorka
someone who orates or delivers an oration

oratorio n
oratorium
a musical composition on a religious theme

orbit n
orbita
path of one object around another

orbit v
krążyć orbitować
circle another object

orbital adj
orbitalny
Of or relating to an orbit
oczodołowy orbitalny
Of or relating to the eye socket (eyehole)

orbital n
orbital
energy and probability density

orc /ɔɹk/ /ɔːk/ n
ork
evil monstrous humanoid creature

orca /ˈɔɹkə/ /ˈɔː(ɹ).kə/ n
orka miecznik
Orcinus orca

orchard /ˈɔɹ.tʃɚd/ /ˈɔː.tʃəd/ n
sad
land for cultivation of fruit or nut trees

orchardist n
sadownik
one who operates an orchard

orchestra n
orkiestra
large group of musicians who play together on various instruments
orchestra
semicircular space in front of the stage used by the chorus in Ancient theatres

orchid /ˈɔɹ.kɪd/ /ˈɔː.kɪd/ n
orchidea storczyk
plant

order /ˈɔɹdɚ/ /ˈɔːdə/ n
porządek kolejność
arrangement, disposition
order zakon
awarded decoration
rząd porządek
biology: taxonomical classification
rozkaz kolejność
command
porządek ład
good arrangement
zakon rząd
religious group
zamówienie
request for some product or service

order /ˈɔɹdɚ/ /ˈɔːdə/ v
kazać rozkazać rozkazywać
to issue a command
zamawiać zamówić
to request some product or service
porządkować organizować uporządkować ustawiać ustawić zorganizować
to set in (any) order

order of magnitude n
rząd wielkości
class of scale

ordered pair n
para uporządkowana
in set theory

orderly /ˈɔɹdɚli/ /ˈɔːdəli/ adj
uporządkowany
methodical; systematic

ordinal number n
liczebnik porządkowy
grammar: word used to denote relative position in a sequence

ordinance /ˈɔɹd.nəns/ /ˈɔːd.nənts/ n
rozporządzenie zarządzenie
a local law or regulation

ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛ(ə)ɹi/ /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ /ˈɔːdɪnəɹi/ adj
zwykły
normal, routine

ordinary differential equation n
równanie różniczkowe zwyczajne
equation

ore /o(ː)ɹ/ /oə/ /ɔɹ/ /ɔː/ n
ruda
rock that contains materials that can be economically extracted and processed

oregano /ɒɹɪˈɡɑːnəʊ/ /ɔˈɹɛɡənoʊ/ n
oregano
leaves used to flavour food
plant

organ /ˈɔɹ.ɡən/ /ˈɔː.ɡən/ n
organy
musical instrument
organ narząd
official magazine, newsletter, or similar publication
body of an organization
narząd organ
part of an organism

organelle /ˌɔɹ.ɡənˈɛl/ n
organella organoid
a membrane bound compartment found within cells

organic /ɔɹˈɡænɪk/ /ɔːˈɡænɪk/ adj
organiczny
chemistry: relating to the compounds of carbon
naturalny
of food and food products: grown without agrichemicals

organic chemistry n
chemia organiczna
chemistry of carbon containing compounds

organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡən.ɪ.zəm/ /ˈɔː.ɡən.ɪ.zəm/ n
organizm
living thing
any complex thing with properties normally associated with living things.

organist n
organistka organista
musician who plays the organ

organization /ˌɔɹɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔɹɡənɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
organizacja
group of people or other legal entities with an explicit purpose and written rules
quality of being organized
group of people consciously cooperating

organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/ v
organizować
to arrange in working order

organized /ˈɔɹɡənaɪzd/ /ˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ adj
kumaty ogarnięty przytomny rozgarnięty zorganizowany
characterised by efficient organization

organized crime n
przestępczość zorganizowana
crimes carried out by these organizations
criminal organizations seen as a whole

orgasm /ˈɔɹ.ɡæz.əm/ /ˈɔːɡaz(ə)m/ n
orgazm
the peak of sexual pleasure

orgiastic /ˌɔɹdʒiˈæstɪk/ adj
orgiastyczny
relating to an orgy

orgy /ˈɔː.dʒi/ n
orgia
excessive activity
sexual group activity

orient /ˈɔ.ɹi.ənt/ /ˈɔː.ɹɪ.ənt/ v
orientować się
to familiarize (oneself or someone) with a situation or circumstance

oriental pratincole n
zwirowiec orientalny
Glareola maldivarum

orientation /ˌɔɹiɛnˈteɪʃən/ n
orientacja
ability to orient

origami /ˌɒɹɪˈɡɑːmɪ/ /ˌɔɹəˈɡɑmi/ n
origami
the Japanese art of paper folding

origamist /ɔɹɪˈɡɑmɪst/ n
origamist origamistka
person who does origami

origin /ˈɑɹ.ɪ.dʒɪn/ /ˈɒɹ.ɪ.dʒɪn/ /ˈɔɹ.ɪ.dʒɪn/ n
pochodzenie
beginning of something
ancestry

original /əˈɹɪdʒɪnəl/ n
oryginał pierwowzór prawzór wzorzec
object from which all later copies and variations are derived

original sin n
grzech pierworodny
state of sinfulness in each human

oriole /ˈɔːriːoʊl/ /ˈɔːriːəʊl/ n
wilga
any of the various colourful passerine birds

ornament /ˈɔɹnəmənt/ /ˈɔːnəmənt/ n
ozdoba
Christmas tree decoration
ornament
element of decoration
musical flourish

ornament /ˈɔɹnəmənt/ /ˈɔːnəmənt/ v
dekorować ozdabiać
to decorate

ornithine n
ornityna
amino acid

ornithologist n
ornitolog
expert in ornithology

ornithology n
ornitologia
scientific study of birds

orogenesis n
orogeneza
orogenesis

orphan /ˈɔɹfən/ /ˈɔːfən/ n
sierota sierotka
person whose (parent or) parents have died

orphanage /ˈɔː(ɹ)fənɪd͡ʒ/ n
dom dziecka sierociniec
a residential institution for the care and protection of orphans

orphanhood n
sieroctwo
orphanhood

orthoclase n
ortoklaz
potassium aluminum silicate

orthodontist n
ortodonta
orthodontic dentist

orthodox /ˈɔːɹθədɑks/ /ˈɔːθədɒks/ adj
ortodoksyjny prawowierny
conforming to accepted, established, or traditional doctrines of a given faith, religion, or ideology

orthoepy /ˈɔɹθoʊˌɛpi/ /ˈɔːθəʊˌiːpi/ n
ortoepia
study of pronunciation

orthogonality n
ortogonalność
the property of being orthogonal

orthographically adv
ortograficznie
in an orthographical manner

orthography /ɔɹˈθɑɡ.ɹə.fi/ /ɔːˈθɒɡ.ɹə.fi/ n
ortografia
aspect of language study
method of representing a language by written symbols
ortografia pisownia
study of correct spelling

orthopedist n
ortopeda
orthopedic surgeon

orthorexia n
ortoreksja
obsession with healthy food

oryx n
oryks
antelope

oscillate /ˈɑsɪleɪt/ v
oscylować
to swing back and forth, especially if with a regular rhythm

osculum n
oskulum
main opening in a sponge

osmium /ˈɒzmiəm/ n
osm
chemical element

osmotic adj
osmotyczny
of or relating to osmosis

osprey /ˈɑspɹi/ /ˈɒspɹeɪ/ n
rybołów rybołów zwyczajny
bird of prey

osseous adj
kostny
relating to bone

ossicle /ˈɒsɪkəl/ n
kosteczka kostka
small bone in the ear; auditory ossicle

ossification n
kostnienie osyfikacja
process by which bone is formed

ossuary n
ossuarium karner kostnica
a place where the dead are buried

ostensibly /ɑːˈstɛn.sə.bli/ /ɒˈstɛn.sɪ.bli/ adv
pozornie
ostensibly

ostentatious /ˌɒs.tɛnˈteɪ.ʃəs/ adj
ostentacyjny
of ostentation
intended to attract notice

osteogenesis n
osteogeneza
the formation and development of bone

osteomalacia n
osteomalacja
medicine: a softening of adult bones due to inadequate mineralization

osteoporosis n
osteoporoza
bone disease

ostracism /ˈɒstɹəsɪz(ə)m/ n
ostracyzm
in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote

ostrich /ˈɒs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/ /ˈɔs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/ n
struś
large flightless bird

ostrich politics n
strusia polityka
evasive style of politics

otaku /oʊˈtɑku/ /əʊˈtɑːkuː/ n
otaku
one with an obsessive interest in something such as anime or manga

other /ʊðə/ /ˈɐðə/ /ˈʌðə(ɹ)/ /ˈʌðɚ/ adj
inny
not the one previously referred to

others /ˈʌðəz/ /ˈʌðɚz/ n
inne inni
other people
inne
those remaining after something has been excluded

otherwise /ˈʌð.əˌwaɪz/ adv
inaczej
differently, in another way
poza tym
in all other respects
w przeciwnym razie inaczej
under different circumstances

otic /ˈəʊtɪk/ adj
słuchowy uszny
related to the ear

otiose /ˈoʊ.ʃi.oʊs/ /ˈəʊ.ʃi.əʊs/ adj
niepotrzebny zbyteczny
having no reason or purpose
leniwy
reluctant to work
niepotrzebny
resulting in no effect

otolith n
otolit
small particle in the inner ear

ottava rima /oʊˌtɑvə ˈɹimə/ /ɒˌtɑːvə ˈɹiːmə/ n
oktawa
arrangement of stanzas of eight lines rhyming ab ab ab cc

otter /ˈɑtɚ/ /ˈɒt.ə/ n
wydra
mammal

ouch /ˈaʊtʃ/ interjection
au aua auć
expression of one's own physical pain

oud /uːd/ n
ud
Arabic plucked string instrument

ounce /aʊns/ n
uncja
3495 g

our /æɔ(ə)/ /ɑɹ/ /ɑː(ɹ)/ /ɑː/ /ˈaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈaʊɚ/ determiner
nasz
belonging to us

ouroboros /uːˈrɒbəˌrɒs/ n
uroboros
a serpent, dragon or worm who eats its own tail

ours /ˈaʊəz/ /ˈaʊɚz/ pronoun
nasz
that which belongs to us

oust /aʊst/ /ʌʊst/ v
wygnać wygonić
to expel; to remove

out /aʊt/ /æɔt/ /ɘʉt/ /ʌʊt/ adv
na zewnątrz poza czymś
away from one's usual place or not indoors

out of focus
nieostry
not in focus

out of line
niewłaściwy
inappropriate

out of order
nieczynny niesprawny
not functioning properly

out of sight, out of mind proverb
co z oczu, to z serca
something not nearby is forgotten

out of the blue /aʊt ɒv ðə bluː/
jak grom z jasnego nieba
unexpectedly

out of the frying pan, into the fire
wpaść z deszczu pod rynnę
get from an already bad situation to a worse one

out of wedlock
pozamałżeński
of parents not legally married

outbid /aʊtˈbɪd/ v
przelicytować przelicytowywać
To bid more than somebody else

outbox /aʊtˈbɑks/ /aʊtˈbɒks/ /ˈaʊtbɑks/ /ˈaʊtbɒks/ n
skrzynka nadawcza
electronic folder

outcast /ˈaʊtkæst/ /ˈaʊtkɑːst/ n
wyrzutek
one that has been excluded from a society or system, a pariah

outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ n
rezultat wynik
result

outcrop /ˈaʊt.kɹɑp/ n
wychodnia
part of a rock formation that appears at the surface

outdated /aʊtˈdeɪtɪd/ adj
muzealny przestarzały staromodny
out of date, old-fashioned, antiquated

outdoors adv
na dworze na zewnątrz
in the open air

outdoors n
dwór
environment outside of enclosed structures

outer /ˈaʊtə/ /ˈaʊtɚ/ adj
zewnętrzny
outside

outer ear n
ucho zewnętrzne
portion of ear

outer space /ˌaʊtɚ ˈspeɪs/ n
kosmos przestrzeń kosmiczna
region

outfit /ˈaʊtfɪt/ n
firma kompania
business or firm
ekipa zespół
cohesive group of people; a unit
ubiór
set of clothing

outgrow /ˌaʊtˈɡɹəʊ/ /ˌɑʊtˈɡɹoʊ/ v
wyrastać
to become too big or mature for some object, practice, condition, belief, etc
przerastać
to grow faster or taller than someone or something else

outhouse n
sławojka latryna wychodek wygódka
outdoor toilet

outlier /ˈaʊtˌlaɪə(ɹ)/ n
ostaniec
part of formation separate from the rest

outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ n
konspekt
statement summarizing the important points of a text

output /ˈaʊtpʊt/ n
produkcja urobek
production; quantity produced, created, or completed

output /ˈaʊtpʊt/ v
produkować
produce or create
wysyłać
send data to out of a computer

outrageous /aʊtˈɹeɪdʒəs/ adj
oburzający skandaliczny
shocking

outset /ˈaʊtsɛt/ n
początek
initial stage of something

outside /aʊtˈsaɪd/ /ˈaʊtsaɪd/ adv
na zewnątrz
in or to the outside
outdoors

outsmart v
przechytrzyć
beat in a competition of wits

outstanding adj
doskonały znakomity
distinguished from others by its superiority
zaległy
owed as a debt

outstandingly adv
doskonale znakomicie
in an outstanding manner

outstrip v
przewyższać
to exceed, excel or surpass

outwardly /ˈaʊtwədli/ /ˈaʊtwɚdli/ adv
zewnętrznie
externally or on the outside

oval /ˈoʊvəl/ /ˈəʊvəl/ adj
owalny
oval-shaped

oval /ˈoʊvəl/ /ˈəʊvəl/ n
owal
shape like an egg or ellipse

ovary /ˈoʊvəɹi/ /ˈəʊvəɹi/ n
jajnik
female organ

oven /ˈʌ.vn̩/ n
piec piekarnik
chamber used for baking or heating

oven glove n
łapka do garnków
glove designed to carry hot oven trays

ovenbird n
lasówka złotogłowa
Seiurus auricapilla

over /ˈoʊ.vɚ/ /ˈəʊ.və(ɹ)/ preposition
przez
physical positioning: across or spanning
nad
physical positioning: on top of; above

over and out interjection
bez odbioru
end of conversation

over here adv
tutaj
in this place

over my dead body
po moim trupie
absolutely not

over there adv
tam
in that place

overall n
kombinezon
protective garment worn over clothing

overbearing adj
arogancki
overly bossy or domineering

overcoat /ˈoʊvəɹkoʊt/ /ˈəʊvəkəʊt/ n
palto płaszcz
garment

overcome /ˌoʊvəɹˈkʌm/ /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ v
przezwyciężać przemagać
surmount, get the better of

overdue /ˌoʊ.vəɹˈdu/ /ˌəʊ.vəˈdju/ adj
zaległy
Late; especially, past a deadline or too late to fulfill a need

overflow /ˈoʊvɚˌfloʊ/ /ˈəʊvəˌfləʊ/ /ˌoʊvɚˈfloʊ/ /ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/ n
przepełnienie
computing: situation where a value exceeds the available range
odpływ przelew
outlet
nadmiar
spillage

overflow /ˈoʊvɚˌfloʊ/ /ˈəʊvəˌfləʊ/ /ˌoʊvɚˈfloʊ/ /ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/ v
przepełniać przepełnić
computing: to exceed the available numeric range

overhaul /ˈoʊvɚˌhɑl/ /ˈoʊvɚˌhɔl/ /ˈəʊvəˌhɔːl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɑl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɔl/ /ˌəʊvəˈhɔːl/ n
remont generalny
a major repair, remake, renovation, or revision

overhaul /ˈoʊvɚˌhɑl/ /ˈoʊvɚˌhɔl/ /ˈəʊvəˌhɔːl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɑl/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɔl/ /ˌəʊvəˈhɔːl/ v
remontować
to modernize, repair, renovate, or revise completely
wyprzedzić
to pass, overtake, or travel past

overhead /ˈoʊvɚˌhɛd/ /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/ /ˌoʊvɚˈhɛd/ /ˌəʊvəˈhɛd/ n
narzut
data or steps of computation that is only used to facilitate the computations in the system and is not directly related to the actual program code or data being processed

overhead projector n
grafoskop
projector that projects an image over the heads of the viewers onto a screen

overheat /ˌoʊvɚˈhit/ /ˌəʊvəˈhiːt/ v
przegrzewać się przegrzać się
to become excessively hot
przegrzać przegrzewać
to heat excessively

overindulge v
folgować rozpuszczać rozpuścić
indulge to excess

overlap /ˈoʊvɚˌlæp/ /ˈəʊvəˌlæp/ /ˌoʊvɚˈlæp/ /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/ v
pokrywać się zachodzić na siebie
to extend over and partly cover something

overload v
przeładować
to create different functions for the same name

overlook /oʊvəɹˈlʊk/ /əʊvəˈlʊk/ /ˈoʊvəɹ.lʊk/ /ˈəʊvə.lʊk/ n
punkt widokowy
vista or point

overlook /oʊvəɹˈlʊk/ /əʊvəˈlʊk/ /ˈoʊvəɹ.lʊk/ /ˈəʊvə.lʊk/ v
przeoczyć
to fail to notice; to look over and beyond (anything) without seeing it

overly adv
nadmiernie zbytnio
to an excessive degree

overpay /oʊ.vɚ.peɪ/ v
przepłacać przepłacić
to pay too much

overpopulation /ˌoʊvɚˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n
przeludnienie
when the number of occupants of an area exceeds the ability of that area to provide for the occupants

overrated adj
przeceniany przereklamowany
rated too highly

overrepresented adj
nadreprezentowany

override /oʊ.vəɹˈɹaɪd/ /əʊ.vəˈɹaɪd/ /ˈoʊ.vəɹˌɹaɪd/ /ˈəʊ.vəˌɹaɪd/ v
nadpisać
(software) To define a new behaviour of a method

overripe adj
przejrzały
excessively ripe; spoiled; gone bad

overseas /ˌoʊvɚˈsiːz/ /ˌəʊvəˈsiːz/ adj
zamorski
across a sea

oversee /əʊvə(ɹ)siː/ v
doglądać nadzorować
to supervise, guide, review or direct the actions of a person or group
przeglądać przejrzeć
to survey, look at something in a wide angle

overseer /ˈəʊvəˌsiːə(ɹ)/ n
nadzorca
one who oversees

oversensitive adj
nadwrażliwy przewrażliwiony
having excessive sensitivity

overshadow /ˌoʊ.vɚˈʃæd.oʊ/ /ˌəʊ.vəˈʃæd.əʊ/ v
ocieniać ocienić
to cast a shadow over something
zaćmiewać zaćmić
to dominate something and make it seem insignificant

oversight n
niedopatrzenie przeoczenie
omission
nadzór
supervision

oversleep /ˈəʊvəɹˌsliːp/ v
zaspać
to sleep for longer than planned

overt /oʊˈvɚt/ /ə(ʊ)ˈvɜːt/ adj
jawny
open and not concealed or secret

overthrow /əʊvəˈθɹəʊ/ /ˈoʊvɚˌθɹoʊ/ /ˈəʊvəθɹəʊ/ /ˌoʊvɚˈθɹoʊ/ v
obalać powalać powalić
to bring about the downfall of
obalić powalić
to throw down to the ground

overtime /ˈoʊvɚˌtaɪm/ n
nadgodzina
worktime

overtly adv
jawnie
openly

overture /ˈoʊvəɹtʃəɹ/ /ˈəʊvətjʊə/ n
uwertura
musical introduction

overview /ˈəʊvə(ɹ)ˌvjuː/ n
przegląd
brief summary, as of a book or a presentation

overweight /ˈoʊvɚweɪt/ /ˈəʊvəweɪt/ /ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/ /ˌəʊvəˈweɪt/ adj
nadwaga
of a person, heavier than is healthy

overweight /ˈoʊvɚweɪt/ /ˈəʊvəweɪt/ /ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/ /ˌəʊvəˈweɪt/ n
nadwaga
excess of weight

overwhelm /ˌovɚˈʍɛlm/ /ˌoʊvɚˈʍɛlm/ /ˌəʊvəˈʍɛlm/ v
zalewać
engulf, surge-over
ogarniać przytłaczać
overpower emotionally
miażdżyć
to overpower, crush

overwork /ˌoʊvɚˈwɝk/ /ˌəʊvəˈwɜːk/ n
przepracowanie
excessive work

overwork /ˈoʊvɚˌwɝk/ /ˈəʊvəˌwɜːk/ /ˌoʊvɚˈwɝk/ /ˌəʊvəˈwɜːk/ v
przepracowywać się
to work too hard

oviduct n
jajowód
duct through which an ovum passes

oviparous /oʊˈvɪpəɹəs/ /əʊˈvɪpəɹəs/ adj
jajorodny
egg laying

ovoviviparous /ˌoʊvoʊvɪˈvɪpəɹəs/ /ˌəʊvəʊvɪˈvɪpəɹəs/ adj
jajożyworodny
pertaining to animals whose eggs hatch inside their body

ovum /ˈoʊ.vəm/ /ˈəʊ.vəm/ n
komórka jajowa jajo
gamete

owe /oʊ/ /əʊ/ v
być winnym mieć dług winić
to be in debt
być zobowiązany
to be under an obligation

owl /aʊl/ n
sowa
a bird

own /ˈoʊn/ /ˈuŋ/ /ˈəʊn/ adj
własny swój
belonging to (determiner)

own /ˈoʊn/ /ˈuŋ/ /ˈəʊn/ v
posiadać mieć
have rightful possession of

own goal n
samobój
blunder that damages one's own prospects
bramka samobójcza gol samobójczy samobój
goal scored by player against their own team

owner /ˈoʊnɚ/ /ˈəʊnə/ n
właściciel właścicielka
one who owns

ownership n
posiadanie własność
legal status

ox /ˈɑks/ /ˈɒks/ n
wół
any bovine animal used as a beast of burden
an adult castrated male of cattle

oxalic acid n
kwas szczawiowy
the dicarboxylic acid (ethandioic acid)

oxbow lake n
jezioro przyrzeczne starorzecze
crescent-shaped lake

oxidation n
utlenianie utlenienie
chemical reaction

oxide /ˈɒksaɪd/ n
tlenek
binary compound of oxygen

oxidize v
utleniać utlenić
to increase the valence

oxpecker n
bąkojad
Buphagus

oxtail n
ogon wołowy
meat from the tail of a cow

oxygen /ˈɒksɪdʒən/ n
tlen
chemical element
molecular oxygen
atom of oxygen

oxygenic adj
tlenowy
of, relating to, containing or producing oxygen

oxymoron /ɒksɪˈmɔːɹɒn/ /ˌɑksiˈmɔɹɑn/ n
oksymoron
figure of speech

oyster /ˈɔɪ.stə(ɹ)/ /ˈɔɪ.stɚ/ n
ostryga ostra
mollusk

oystercatcher /ˈɔɪstə.ˌkætʃə/ n
ostrygojad
bird

ozone /ˈoʊzoʊn/ n
ozon
O₃

ozone layer n
ozonosfera warstwa ozonowa
a region of the stratosphere

pace /peɪs/ n
tempo
speed
krok
step: step

pace /peɪs/ /ˈpætʃeɪ/ v
chodzić tam i z powrotem
to walk to and fro

pacemaker /ˈpeɪsˌmeɪkəɹ/ n
rozrusznik rozrusznik serca
medical implement

pacifier n
smoczek
for a baby

pack /pæk/ n
paczka pakiet
bundle to be carried
talia
full set of playing cards
stado sfora
group of dogs

package /ˈpækɪdʒ/ n
paczka pakiet
computing: piece of software that it can be installed with a package manager

packaging n
opakowanie
the materials used to pack something

packer /ˈpækə/ /ˈpækɚ/ n
pakowacz pakowaczka
person packing things

packet /ˈpakɪt/ /ˈpæ.kɪt/ n
paczka
small pack

pact /pækt/ n
pakt układ
an agreement; a league; a compact; a covenant

padded envelope n
koperta bąbelkowa
a thick envelope

paddlefish n
wiosłonos
fish of the family Polyodontidae

paddy /ˈpædi/ n
ryżowym polu
wet land where rice grows

pademelon n
pademelon
species of Thylogale

padlock /ˈpadˌlɒk/ n
kłódka
type of lock

paean /ˈpi.ən/ /ˈpiː.ən/ n
pean
any loud and joyous song; a song of triumph

paella /paɪˈ(j)ɛlə/ /pɑːˈeɪ.(j)ə/ n
paella
Savory, cooked dish

pagan /ˈpeɪɡən/ adj
pogański
relating to non main world religions

pagan /ˈpeɪɡən/ n
poganin poganka
person not adhering to a main world religion

paganism /ˈpeɪɡənɪzm̩/ n
pogaństwo
local religions practiced before the introduction of Christianity

page /paːʒ/ /peɪd͡ʒ/ n
strona stronica
one side of a leaf of a book
paź
serving boy

pager /peɪdʒə(ɹ)/ n
pager
device

paginate /ˈpædʒəneɪt/ v
paginować
to number the pages of a book or other document

pagoda /pəˈɡoʊ.də/ n
pagoda
a tiered tower with multiple eaves

pain /peɪn/ n
ból
ache or bodily suffering

pain in the ass n
wrzód na dupie wrzód na tyłku
something that causes discomfort

painful /ˈpeɪn.fəl/ adj
bolesny
causing pain
suffering with pain

painfully /ˈpeɪnfəli/ adv
boleśnie
in a painful manner

painless adj
bezbolesny
without pain or trouble

paint /peɪnt/ n
farba
substance

paint /peɪnt/ v
malować pomalować
apply paint to
malować namalować
practise the art of painting pictures

paintbrush /ˈpeɪntˌbɹʌʃ/ n
pędzel
thin brush

painter /ˈpeɪntə/ /ˈpeɪntɚ/ n
malarz malarka
artist
malarz pokojowy malarz
one who paints surfaces using a paintbrush

painting /ˈpeɪn.tɪŋ/ n
obraz malowidło
an illustration or artwork using paint
malarstwo obraz
artistic application of paint
malowanie obraz
the action of applying paint

pair of compasses n
cyrkiel
tool used to draw circles

paisley /ˈpeɪzli/ n
paisley
motif

pajamas /pəˈd͡ʒæ.məz/ /pəˈd͡ʒɑ.məz/ n
piżama pidżama
clothes for wearing to bed and sleeping in
pidżama piżama
loose-fitting trousers worn in the Far East

palace /ˈpæləs/ /ˈpælɪs/ n
pałac
large, lavish residence

paladin /ˈpælədɪn/ n
paladyn
heroic champion

palaeoclimatology n
paleoklimatologia
science

palatable /ˈpæl.ə.tə.bəl/ adj
dobry smaczny
pleasing to the taste

palate /ˈpælət/ /ˈpælɪt/ n
podniebienie
roof of the mouth

pale /peɪl/ [pʰeɪ̯ɫ] adj
blady
light in color

pale /peɪl/ [pʰeɪ̯ɫ] n
słup
heraldry: vertical band
pal sztacheta
wooden stake

pale /peɪl/ [pʰeɪ̯ɫ] v
blednąć
to become pale

paleness n
bladość
condition or degree of being pale or of lacking color

paleochristian adj
paleochrześcijański wczesnochrześcijański
relating to the early Christian church

paleontological adj
paleontologiczny
of or pertaining to paleontology

paleontologist n
paleontolog
one who studies paleontology

paleontology n
paleontologia
study of prehistoric forms of life

paletot /ˈpalɪtəʊ/ n
palto
A loose outer jacket, overcoat

palimpsest /ˈpælɪmpsɛst/ n
palimpsest
manuscript scraped clean for reuse

palindrome /ˈpælɪndɹoʊm/ /ˈpælɪndɹəʊm/ n
palindrom
a sequence of units that reads the same forwards as backwards

palisade n
częstokół ostrokół palisada
wall of wooden stakes

pall /pɔl/ /pɔːl/ n
rosocha
charge representing an archbishop's pallium

palladium /pəˈleɪdiəm/ n
pallad
chemical element

palm /pɑm/ /pɑːm/ n
dłoń
inner, concave part of hand

palm oil n
olej palmowy
edible plant oil

palm syrup n
miód palmowy
syrup made from sap of a palm tree

palm tree n
palma
tropical tree

palpitation n
palpitacja
abnormal beating of the heart

paltry /ˈpɑltɹi/ /ˈpɒltɹi/ /ˈpɔltɹi/ adj
marny
meager; worthless; pitiful; trifling
kiepski
trashy, trivial, of little value

pan /pæn/ n
bochen
loaf of bread

pan-Arabism /panˈaɹəbɪz(ə)m/ n
panarabizm
movement

panacea /ˌpæn.əˈsiː.ə/ n
panaceum
remedy believed to cure all disease
panacea
something that will solve all problems

panache /pəˈnæʃ/ n
polot rozmach
flamboyant style or action
pióropusz
ornamental helmet plume

panarchism n
panarchizm
advocacy of panarchy

pancake /ˈpæn.keɪk/ n
naleśnik
thin batter cake

pancreas /ˈpæŋkɹɪəs/ n
trzustka
gland near the stomach

pancreatitis n
zapalenie trzustki
inflammation of the pancreas

panda /ˈpandə/ /ˈpændə/ n
panda
Ailuropoda melanoleuca

pandeiro /pænˈdɛəɹəʊ/ n
pandeiro
a hand-held frame drum with a round wooden frame

pandeism /pænˈdiɪzəm/ /pænˈdiːɪz(ə)m/ n
pandeizm
belief in a god both pantheistic and deistic

pandeist /pænˈdiɪst/ n
pandeistka pandeista
one who believes in pandeism

pandemic n
pandemia
pandemic disease

panel /ˈpænəl/ n
panel
group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc

panelling /ˈpænəlɪŋ/ n
boazeria wykładzina
panels with which a surface is covered

panentheism /pænˈɛnθiɪzəm/ n
panenteizm
a doctrine that the universe is within God

panforte n
panforte piernik seneński
dense flat cake

panhandle /ˈpænˌhændəl/ n
cypel worek
any arm or projection suggestive of the handle of a pan

panic /ˈpænɪk/ n
panika
overpowering fright

panic /ˈpænɪk/ v
panikować
to feel overwhelming fear

panleukopenia n
nosówka kotów panleukopenia kotów
distemper of cats

panna cotta /ˌpanə ˈkɒtə/ n
panna cotta
Italian dessert made from double cream

pannier /ˈpæn.i.ɚ/ /ˈpæn.ɪ.ə/ n
rogówka
hoop used to expand a woman's skirt to either side

panoply /ˈpænəpli/ n
zbroja
complete set of armour

panorama /ˌpæ.nəˈɹæ.mə/ n
panorama
picture representing a continuous scene
unbroken view of an entire surrounding area

panpsychism /panˈsʌɪkɪz(ə)m/ n
panpsychizm
the doctrine that all matter has a mental aspect

pansexual /pænˈsɛkʃuəl/ n
panseksualny
someone who is attracted to all genders

pansexuality /ˌpænsɛksjuˈælɪti/ /ˌpænsɛkʃuˈælɪti/ n
panseksualizm
sexual orientation

pansexually adv
panseksualnie
in an pansexual manner

pansy n
bratek
plant

pant /pænt/ v
dyszeć sapać
to breathe quickly or in a labored manner

pant leg n
nogawka
either of the legs of a pair of pants

pantagruelian adj
pantagrueliczny

pantheism /ˈpæn.θi.ɪz.əm/ n
panteizm
belief that the universe is divine

pantheist n
panteista panteistka
person who believes in pantheism

pantheistic /pænˈθiɪstɪk/ adj
panteistyczny
pertaining to pantheism

panther /ˈpænθə/ /ˈpænθɚ/ n
pantera
big cat with black fur

panther cap n
muchomor plamisty
Amanita pantherina

panties n
figi
short underpants for women or girls

pantograph /ˈpantəɡɹɑːf/ n
pantograf
rail transport: Device that collects electric current from overhead lines

pantry /ˈpantɹi/ /ˈpæntɹi/ n
spiżarnia
storage room

pants /pænts/ n
spodnie
garment covering the body from the waist downwards
majtki gacie gatki
undergarment covering the genitals

pantyhose /ˈpæntɪhəuz/ n
rajstopy

pap /pæp/ n
papka
soft food

papakha n
papacha
type of hat

papal /ˈpeɪpəl/ adj
papieski
related to the pope or papacy

papaya /pəˈpaɪə/ n
papaja
fruit

paper /ˈpeɪpə/ /ˈpeɪpɚ/ adj
papierowy papier
made of paper

paper /ˈpeɪpə/ /ˈpeɪpɚ/ n
papier
sheet material
artykuł
written document shorter than a book

paper aeroplane n
samolot papierowy
toy aeroplane made by folding up a sheet of paper

paper clip n
spinacz
paper clip

paper mill n
papiernia
factory

paper towel n
ręcznik papierowy
sheet of absorbent paper

paperback n
miękka okładka

paperweight n
przycisk do papieru
any object for this purpose
small, decorative, somewhat weighty object
złom
slang: useless object

papilla n
brodawka
anatomical structure

paprika /pəˈpɹiːkə/ /ˈpæpɹɨkə/ n
papryka
spice

paprikash n
paprykarz
paprika-based meat stew

papyrology n
papirologia
the study of ancient texts written on papyrus

papyrus /pəˈpaɪɹəs/ n
papirus
material made from this plant
plant in the sedge family
scroll or document written on this material

par excellence /ˌpɑɹ ˌɛksəˈlɑns/ /ˌpɑːɹ ˌɛksəˈlɑːns/ adj
par excellence
being a quintessential example of a general type

parable /ˈpaɹəbəl/ /ˈpæɹ.ə.bəl/ n
parabola przypowieść
short story illustrating a lesson

parabola /pəˈɹæbələ/ n
parabola
a conic section

parachute /ˈpæɹəʃuːt/ n
spadochron
a device designed to control the fall of an object

paraclete /ˈpæɹəkliːt/ n
paraklet
advocate

parade /pəˈɹeɪd/ n
parada
organized procession

paradigm /ˈpæ.ɹə.daɪm/ /ˈpæɹ.ə.daɪm/ n
paradygmat
linguistics: all forms which contain a common element
way of viewing reality
example serving as a model or pattern

paradisaic adj
rajski
relating to paradise

paradise /ˈpæ.ɹə.daɪs/ n
raj niebiosa
heaven

paradisiac adj
rajski
of or like Paradise

paradox /ˈpaɹədɒks/ /ˈpæɹədɑks/ n
paradoks
apparent contradiction which is nonetheless true }}
in logic: a self-contradictory statement }}

paradoxical /ˌpæɹəˈdɒksɪkəl/ /ˌpɛɹəˈdɑːksɪkəl/ adj
paradoksalny
having self-contradicting properties

paradoxically adv
paradoksalnie
in a paradoxical manner

paraffin /ˈpæɹ.ə.fɪn/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.fɪn/ n
alkan parafina
alkane hydrocarbon

paraffin /ˈpæɹ.ə.fɪn/ /ˈpɛɹ.ə.fɪn/ v
parafinować
treat with paraffin

paraffin wax n
parafina
paraffin wax

paragliding /ˈpæɹəɡlaɪdɪŋ/ n
paralotnia
the sport of gliding with a paraglider

paragon /ˈpæɹəɡən/ n
wzór
model or pattern

paragraph /ˈpæɹəɡɹɑːf/ /ˈpɛɹəɡɹæf/ n
akapit
passage in text

parakeet /ˈpaɹəkiːt/ n
papużka
various species of small parrots

parallax n
paralaksa

parallel /ˈpæɹəˌlɛl/ /ˈpɛɹəˌlɛl/ adj
równoległy
equally distant from one another at all points

parallel /ˈpæɹəˌlɛl/ /ˈpɛɹəˌlɛl/ adv
równolegle
with a parallel relationship

parallel /ˈpæɹəˌlɛl/ /ˈpɛɹəˌlɛl/ n
równoleżnik
line of latitude

parallelepiped /ˌpæɹəˌlɛləˈpaɪpɪd/ n
równoległościan
solid figure

parallelogram /ˌpæ.ɹə.ˈlɛl.ə.ˌɡɹæm/ n
równoległobok
convex quadrilateral in which each pair of opposite edges are parallel and of equal length

paralysis /pəˈɹæləsəs/ n
paraliż porażenie
loss of muscle control
niemoc paraliż
state of being inable to act

paralyze v
paraliżować
to afflict with paralysis

paramagnetic adj
paramagnetyczny
exhibiting paramagnetism

paramagnetism /ˌpæ.ɹə.ˈmæɡ.nə.tɪ.zəm/ n
paramagnetyzm
tendency of dipoles

paramecium /ˌpæ.ɹəˈmiː.si.əm/ /ˌpɛ.ɹəˈmi.si.əm/ n
pantofelek
organism

paramedic n
ratowniczka ratowniczka medyczna ratownik ratownik medyczny
individual trained to stabilize people outside of hospital

paramour /ˈpæ.ɹə.mʊə/ /ˈpæɹəmɔɹ/ n
kochanek kochanka
illicit lover

paranoia /ˌpæ.ɹəˈnɔɪ.ə/ n
paranoja
A psychotic disorder characterized by delusions of persecution
Extreme, irrational distrust of others

paranoid schizophrenia n
schizofrenia paranoidalna
form of schizophrenia accompanied by delusions

parapet /ˈpæɹ.ə.pɪt/ n
parapet przedpiersie
a fortification consisting of a wall
murek gzyms
a low retaining wall

paraphimosis n
załupek
foreskin trapped behind the glans

paraphrase n
parafraza
restatement of a text

parapsychological adj
parapsychologiczny
of or pertaining to parapsychology

parapsychology /ˌpɛɹəˌsaɪˈkɑlədʒi/ n
parapsychologia
study of that which cannot yet be explained

parasite /ˈpæɹəˌsaɪt/ n
pasożyt
(generally undesirable) living organism that exists by stealing resources from another living organism
pasożyt darmozjad
useless person who always relies on other people's work and gives nothing back

parasitic /pæ.ɹəˈsɪt.ɪk/ /pɛɹ.əˈsɪt.ɪk/ adj
pasożytniczy
pertaining to a biological or symbolic parasite

parasitic element n
element pasożytniczy
circuit element or property that has a negative effect on the performance of the circuit

parasitism /ˈpæɹəs(a)ɪˌtɪzm̩/ n
pasożytnictwo
interaction between two organisms

parasitize v
pasożytować
live off a host

parasol /ˈpæɹəˌsɒl/ /ˈpɛɹəˌsɑl/ n
parasol
umbrella used as protection from the sun

parathyroid gland n
gruczoł przytarczyczny
any one of four endocrine glands situated in the neck

paravane n
parawan
device for cutting the moorings of mines

parazoan n
nibytkankowiec
(zoology) any sponge

parcel /ˈpɑɹsəl/ [ˈpʰaː.səɫ] [ˈpʰɑɹ.səɫ] [ˈpʰɑː.səɫ] n
parcela
division of land bought and sold as a unit
paczka przesyłka
package wrapped for shipment

parchment /ˈpɑːtʃmənt/ n
pergamin
material
document

pardon /ˈpɑɹ.dn̩/ /ˈpɑɹ.dən/ /ˈpɑːdən/ n
przebaczenie wybaczenie darowanie
forgiveness for an offence
łaska
releasing order

pareidolia /pæɹ.aɪˈdəʊ.li.ə/ /pɛɹ.aɪˈdoʊ.li.ə/ n
pareidolia
tendency to interpret vague stimuli as something familiar

paremiology n
paremiologia
the study of proverbs

parent /ˈpɛəɹənt/ n
rodzic
person from whom one is descended
person who acts as a parent in rearing a child

parenthesis /pəˈɹɛnθəsɪs/ n
nawias
either of a pair of brackets ( )
(mathematics, logic) brackets used to clarify expressions by grouping terms affected by a common operator

parents /ˈpɛəɹənts/ /ˈpɛɹənts/ n
rodzice
one's parents

paresthesia /ˌpærɪsˈθiːziə, -ʒə/ n
parestezja
sensation of burning, prickling, itching, or tingling of the skin with no obvious cause

parish /ˈpæɹɪʃ/ n
parafianin parafianka
members of the parish
parafia
part of a diocese

parish church n
kościół parafialny
church that serves as the religious centre of a parish

parishioner /pəˈɹɪʃənə(ɹ)/ n
parafianin parafianka
member of a parish

park /pɑɹk/ [paːk] [pɐːk] [pɑɹk] [pɑːk] [pɒək] n
park
ground for recreation

park /pɑɹk/ [paːk] [pɐːk] [pɑɹk] [pɑːk] [pɒək] v
parkować zaparkować
bring to a halt

parking /ˈpɑɹkɪŋ/ /ˈpɑːkɪŋ/ n
parkowanie zaparkowanie
action
parking
space

parking lot n
parking
open area, generally paved, where automobiles may be left when not in use

parkour /pɑɹˈkʊɹ/ /pɑːˈkʊə/ n
parkour
athletic discipline

parliament /ˈpɑɹləmənt/ /ˈpɑːləmənt/ n
parlament
institution with elected or appointed members

parliamentarian n
parlamentarzysta parlamentarzystka
member of parliament

parliamentary /ˌpɑːləˈmentəɹi/ /ˌpɑːɹləˈmentəɹi/ adj
parlamentarny
of, relating to, or enacted by a parliament

parmesan /ˈpɑɹ.məˌʒɑn/ /ˈpɑː(ɹ).məˌzɑːn/ /ˈpɑːmɪˌzæn/ n
parmezan
hard, full-fat Italian cheese from Parma

parochial /pəˈɹoʊki.əl/ /pəˈɹəʊkɪəl/ adj
zaściankowy
characterized by an unsophisticated focus on local concerns
parafialny
pertaining to a parish

parody /ˈpæɹədi/ n
parodia
expression making fun of something else

parody /ˈpæɹədi/ v
parodiować
to make a parody of something

paronym n
paronim
word that sounds like another word

paroxysm /ˈpæɹ.əkˌsɪz.əm/ n
paroksyzm
random or sudden outburst
sudden recurrence of a disease

paroxytone /pəˈɹɒk.sɪˌtəʊn/ adj
paroksytoniczny
paroxytone

parrot /ˈpæɹət/ n
papuga
kind of bird
person who repeats what was said

parrot /ˈpæɹət/ v
papugować
to repeat exactly without showing understanding

parsimony /ˈpɑɹ.sə.ˌmoʊ.ni/ n
oszędność skąpstwo
great reluctance to spend money unnecessarily

parsley /ˈpɑː(ɹ)sli/ n
pietruszka
herb

parsnip /ˈpɑː(ɹ).snɪp/ n
pasternak
the edible root of Pastinaca sativa
the plant Pastinaca sativa

part /pɐːt/ /pɑɹt/ /pɑːt/ n
część
fraction of a whole }}
group inside a larger group }}
przedziałek
hair dividing line }}
rola
position or role }}

part /pɐːt/ /pɑɹt/ /pɑːt/ v
rodzielić
to become divided in two or separated
podzielić
to divide in two

part of speech n
część mowy
the function a word or phrase performs

partake /pɑɹˈteɪk/ /pɑːˈteɪk/ v
uczestniczyć
to take part in an activity

parthenogenesis /ˌpɑɹθɪnoʊˈd͡ʒɛnɪsɪs/ /ˌpɑːθɪnəʊˈd͡ʒɛnɪsɪs/ n
partenogeneza
reproduction from a single gamete without fertilisation

partial /ˈpɑɹʃəl/ /ˈpɑːʃəl/ adj
stronniczy tendencyjny
biased
częściowy
existing in part

partial derivative n
pochodna cząstkowa
derivative with respect to one variable

partial differential equation n
równanie różniczkowe cząstkowe
equation

partiality /pɐːʃiˈɛlɘti/ /pɑɹʃiˈælɪti/ /pɑːʃiˈalɪti/ n
stronniczość tendencyjność
preference

partially /ˈpɑɹʃəli/ /ˈpɑːʃəli/ adv
częściowo
to a partial degree

participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/ /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ n
uczestnik uczestniczka
one who participates

participate /pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v
brać udział uczestniczyć wziąć udział
to join in, to take part, to involve oneself

participation n
udział uczestnictwo
act of participating

participatory democracy n
demokracja uczestnicząca
Political system

participle /pɑːˈtɪsɪpəl/ /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/ n
imiesłów
verb form

particle /ˈpɑɹtɪkəl/ /ˈpɑːtɪk(ə)l/ n
cząstka partykuła
body with very small size
elementary particle or subatomic particle
partykuła
word that does not obviously belong to any particular part of speech

particle accelerator n
akcelerator
a device that accelerates electrically charged particles to extremely high speeds

particle physics n
fizyka cząstek elementarnych fizyka wielkich energii
particle physics

particularly /pəˈtɪkjəli/ /pəˈtɪkjələli/ /pəˈtɪkjəlɚli/ /pɚˈtɪkjəlɚli/ adv
szczególnie
especially

parting /ˈpɑɹtɪŋ/ /ˈpɑːtɪŋ/ n
przedziałek
line dividing hair

partly /ˈpɑɹtli/ /ˈpɑːtli/ adv
częściowo
in part

partner /ˈpɐːtnɘ/ /ˈpɐːtnə/ /ˈpɑɹtnɚ/ /ˈpɑːtnə(ɹ)/ n
partner partnerka
someone who is associated with another in a common activity or interest
spouse, domestic, or romantic partner
a member of a business or law partnership
dancing partner
either member of a pair in a card game or sports team (1.4)

partner /ˈpɐːtnɘ/ /ˈpɐːtnə/ /ˈpɑɹtnɚ/ /ˈpɑːtnə(ɹ)/ v
partnerować
To make or be partner

partnership n
spółka partnerska
association of two or more people to conduct a business
partnerstwo
state of being associated with a partner

partridge /ˈpɑɹtɹɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈpɑːtɹɪd͡ʒ/ n
kuropatwa
any bird of the genera Perdix or Alectoris

parturition n
poród
act of giving birth

party /ˈpɑ(ː)ɾi/ /ˈpɑɹ.ti/ /ˈpɑː.ti/ n
strona
law: particular side in a contract or legal action
przyjęcie impreza
social gathering

party /ˈpɑ(ː)ɾi/ /ˈpɑɹ.ti/ /ˈpɑː.ti/ v
imprezować
to celebrate at a party

party animal n
imprezowicz
person known for frequent, enthusiastic attendance at parties

parvenu /ˈpɑɹ.və.nju/ /ˈpɑː.və.njuː/ n
dorobkiewicz nowobogacki nuworysz parweniusz
a person who has risen, climbed up, or has been promoted to a higher social class

pas n
pas
step

pascal /pæˈskæl/ /ˈpæskəl/ n
paskal
SI unit of pressure and stress

pasha /ˈpæʃə/ /ˈpɑʃə/ n
basza pasza pascha
title

paskha n
pascha
Easter dessert

pass /pæs/ /pɑːs/ [pʰas~pʰæs] [pʰaːs] [pʰeə̯s] [pʰäs] [pʰäːs~pʰɐːs] [pʰæs~pʰɛəs~pʰeəs] [pʰɑːs] n
przepustka
document granting permission to pass or to go and come
przebieg
movement of a tool over something, or something over a tool

pass /pæs/ /pɑːs/ [pʰas~pʰæs] [pʰaːs] [pʰeə̯s] [pʰäs] [pʰäːs~pʰɐːs] [pʰæs~pʰɛəs~pʰeəs] [pʰɑːs] v
odchodzić odejść umierać umrzeć zdechnąć zdychać
die
podawać podać
move or be moved from one place to another

pass away v
odejść
to die (euphemistic)

pass down v
przekazać
to hand over

pass out v
stracić przytomność
to faint

passageway n
przejście
covered walkway

passcode n
hasło kod dostępu
string of characters used for authentication on a digital device

passenger /ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒə/ /ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒɚ/ n
pasażer pasażerka
one who rides or travels in a vehicle

passenger pigeon n
gołąb wędrowny
an extinct bird of the species Ectopistes migratorius

passer-by n
przechodzień
a person who is passing by

passion /ˈpæʃən/ [ˈpʰæʃən] n
pasja
any great emotion
fervor, determination
object of passionate love or strong interest
męka pasja
suffering of Jesus

passion fruit n
marakuja
edible fruit

passionflower n
męczennica
plant of the genus Passiflora

passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/ adj
bierny
grammar: being in the passive voice
not active, but acted upon
taking no action

passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/ n
strona bierna
form of verb

passive voice n
strona bierna
grammatical term

passively /ˈpæs.ɪv.li/ adv
biernie pasywnie
in a passive manner; without conscious or self-directed action

passport /ˈpæspɔɹt/ /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ n
paszport
official document

password /ˈpæswɜːd/ /ˈpæswɜːɹd/ /ˈpɑːswɜː(ɹ)d/ n
hasło
computing: string of characters known only to a user
hasło parol
word used to gain admittance

past /pæst/ /pɑːst/ adj
ubiegły miniony przeszły
having already happened; in the past

past /pæst/ /pɑːst/ n
czas przeszły przeszłość
(grammar) past tense
przeszłość
period of time that has already happened

past participle n
imiesłów czasu przeszłego
past participle

past tense n
czas przeszły
form of language

pasta /ˈpæstə/ /ˈpɐːstɘ/ /ˈpɐːstə/ /ˈpɑstə/ n
makaron
dough

pasta e fagioli /ˌpastə ɛ faˈdʒəʊlɪ/ n
makaron z fasolą
soup made with pasta and beans

paste /peɪst/ v
wklejać
to insert a piece of text

pastern /ˈpæstən/ /ˈpæstəɹn/ n
pęcina
area on a horse's leg

pasteurisation n
pasteryzacja
treatment of perishable food

pasteurize /ˈpæstʃəɹaɪz/ /ˈpɑːstʃəɹaɪz/ v
pasteryzować
to heat food in order to kill harmful organisms

pastiche /pæsˈtiːʃ/ n
pastisz
work that imitates the work of a previous artist

pastime /ˈpæs.taɪm/ /ˈpɑːs.taɪm/ n
rozrywka
that which amuses

pastirma n
pasturma
highly seasoned, air-dried cured beef

pastor /ˈpæstɚ/ /ˈpɑːstə/ n
pastor
a minister or priest
proboszcz
main priest serving a parish

pastoral /ˈpæs.tə.ɹəl/ /ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/ adj
pasterski
of or pertaining to shepherds
pastoralny duszpasterski pasterski
relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church

pastoral /ˈpæs.tə.ɹəl/ /ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/ n
list pasterski
letter of the house of bishops

pastry /ˈpeɪstɹi/ n
pieczywo cukiernicze wypiek
food group

pastry bag n
kornet rękaw cukierniczy
bag used to pipe cakes with icing

pastry chef n
cukiernik
baker of pastry products

pasture /ˈpɑːstjə/ n
pastwisko
land on which cattle can be kept for feeding

pasture /ˈpɑːstjə/ v
paść
to herd animals into a pasture

patch /pætʃ/ n
łata łatka
piece of cloth used to repair a garment

patch /pætʃ/ v
załatać łatać
mend by sewing on cloth

paten n
patena
plate for the host during Eucharist

patent /ˈpeɪtənt/ /ˈpætənt/ adj
oczywisty
explicit and obvious

patent /ˈpeɪtənt/ /ˈpætənt/ n
patent
declaration issued by a government to an inventor

patent /ˈpeɪtənt/ /ˈpætənt/ v
opatentować patentować
successfully register an invention with a government agency; to secure a letter patent

patent leather n
skóra lakierowana
glossy leather

paternal /pəˈtɜː(ɹ)nəl/ adj
ojcowski
of or pertaining to one's father

paternal aunt n
ciotka ojczysta stryjenka
the sister of one's father

paternal grandfather n
dziadek ojczysty dziadek po mieczu
one's father's father

paternal uncle n
stryj wujek stryjek wuj
brother of one's father

path /pæθ/ /pɑːθ/ [pʰaθ~pʰæθ] [pʰäːθ~pʰɐːθ] [pʰæθ~pʰɛəθ~pʰeəθ] [pʰɑːθ] n
ścieżka
a trail for the use of, or worn by, pedestrians
computing: a specification for a location within a hierarchical or tree-like structure

path of least resistance n
linia najmniejszego oporu

pathetic /pəˈθɛtɪk/ adj
żałosne żałosny
arousing pity, sympathy, or compassion
żałosny
arousing scorn or contempt

pathogen /ˈpæθədʒn̩/ n
patogen
an organism or substance that causes disease

pathological adj
patologiczny zwyrodniały
pertaining to pathology

pathology /pəˈθɒlədʒi/ n
patologia
branch of medicine
abnormality

patience /ˈpeɪʃəns/ n
pasjans
game that can be played by one person
cierpliwość
quality of being patient

patient /ˈpeɪʃənt/ adj
cierpliwy
not losing one's temper while waiting

patient /ˈpeɪʃənt/ n
pacjent pacjentka
someone who receives treatment from a doctor

patiently /ˈpeɪʃəntli/ adv
cierpliwie
in a patient manner

patina /pəˈtiː.nə/ /ˈpætɪnə/ n
patyna
colour or incrustation which age and wear give to objects

patio /ˈpæti.əʊ/ /ˈpætioʊ/ n
weranda
a paved outside area, adjoining a house, used for dining or recreation
patio
an inner courtyard typical of traditional Spanish houses

patriarch /ˈpeɪt(ʃ)ɹiɑɹk/ /ˈpeɪtɹɪɑːk/ n
patriarcha
male leader

patriarchy /ˈpeɪt(ʃ)ɹiɑɹki/ n
patriarchat
social system
dominance of men in social or cultural systems
power structure

patricide /ˈpætɹɪsaɪd/ n
ojcobójstwo
murder of one's father
ojcobójca ojcobójczyni
murderer of own father

patriot /ˈpeɪ.t(ʃ)ɹi.ət/ /ˈpæt.ɹi.ət/ n
patriota
person who loves, supports and defends their country

patriotic /ˈpeɪ.t(ʃ)ɹi.ɑ.tɪk/ /ˈpæt.ɹi.ɒ.tɪk/ adj
patriotyczny
inspired by patriotism

patriotism /ˈpeɪtɹi.əˌtɪzəm/ /ˈpætɹi.əˌtɪzəm/ n
patriotyzm
love of one's own country

patristics n
patrystyka
patristics

patrology /pəˈtɹɒlədʒi/ n
patrologia
the study of the Church Fathers

patron saint /ˈpeɪtɹən ˈseɪnt/ n
święty patron
saint from whom a specific group claims special protection or prayer

pattern /ˈpat(ə)n/ /ˈpætəɹn/ n
deseń wzór
motif or decoration

patty /ˈpæti/ n
hamburger kotlet mielony
a portion of ground meat or vegetarian equivalent

pauper /ˈpɑpɚ/ /ˈpɔpɚ/ /ˈpɔːpə/ n
biedak nędzarz ubogi żebrak
one who is extremely poor

pause /pɑz/ /pɔz/ /pɔːz/ n
przerwa pauza
temporary stop or rest

pause /pɑz/ /pɔz/ /pɔːz/ v
pauza przerwa
to interrupt something

pavement /ˈpeɪvmənt/ n
chodnik
footpath
nawierzchnia drogi
surface of road

pavilion /pəˈvɪljən/ n
pawilon
structure erected to house exhibits at a fair, etc

pavonine /ˈpævəˌnaɪn/ adj
pawi
of or pertaining to the genus Pavo

paw /pɑ/ /pɔ/ /pɔː/ n
łapa
soft foot of an animal

pawa n
słuchotka ucho morskie
edible univalve mollusc

pawl /pɑl/ /pɔːl/ n
zapadka
pawl

pawn /pɑn/ /pɑɒn/ /pɔn/ /pɔːn/ n
pionek pion
chess piece
pionek
someone who is being manipulated

pawnshop /ˈpɔnʃɑp/ /ˈpɔːnʃɒp/ n
lombard
business premises of a pawnbroker

pay /peɪ/ n
pensja płaca
money given in return for work

pay /peɪ/ v
płacić zapłacić
to give money in exchange for goods or services

pay off v
opłacać się opłacić się
to become worthwhile; to produce a net benefit
opłacać opłacić
to pay back; to repay

pay-off /ˈpeɪ.ɒf/ /ˈpeɪ.ɔːf/ n
łapówka
a bribe

payday /ˈpeɪdeɪ/ n
dzień wypłaty
day on which an employee's salary is paid

payday loan n
chwilówka
loan

payment /ˈpeɪmənt/ n
wypłata zapłata opłata
the act of paying

payot n
pejs
sidelocks worn by Hasidic and Orthodox male Jews (payess, payot)

payphone n
automat telefoniczny telefon samoinkasujący
a public telephone

payroll /ˈpeɪɹoʊl/ /ˈpeɪɹəʊl/ n
lista płac
list of employees who receive salary or wages, together with the amounts due to each

pea /piː/ n
groch groszek
edible seed
groch
plant

peace /piːs/ n
pokój
state of being free from war
harmony; lack of conflict in personal relations
spokój pokój
state of mind
pokój spokój mir
tranquility, quiet, harmony; absence of violence

peace of mind n
spokój umysłu
absence of mental stress

peaceful /ˈpiːsfəl/ adj
spokojny
motionless and calm; placid
pokojowy
not at war or disturbed by strife or turmoil

peacefully /ˈpiːsfəli/ adv
spokojnie
in a peaceful manner

peacetime n
okres pokoju
period of peace

peach /piːt͡ʃ/ n
brzoskwinia
fruit
tree
colour

peach blossom n
kwiat brzoskwini
flower
odrzyca malinówka plamówka malinówka
moth

peacock /ˈpikɑk/ /ˈpiːkɒk/ n
paw
pheasant of one of the genera Pavo and Afropavo

peafowl /ˈpiːˌfaʊl/ n
paw
a pheasant of the genus Pavo or Afropavo

peahen /ˈpiː.hɛn/ n
pawica
female of peafowl

peak /piːk/ n
szczyt wierzchołek wierch
mountain top

peanut /ˈpinət/ /ˈpiːˌnʌt/ n
fistaszek orzech arachidowy orzech ziemny
a legume resembling a nut

peanut butter /ˈpi.nʌtˌbʌ.tɚ/ /ˈpiːnʌtˌbʌ.tə/ n
masło orzechowe
spread made from ground peanuts

pear /pɛə/ /pɛɚ/ n
gruszka
fruit
grusza
tree

pear tree n
grusza
a tree of the genus Pyrus

pearl necklace n
perłowy naszyjnik sznur pereł
necklace made of pearls

pearl of wisdom n
perły mądrości
succinct, insightful saying, piece of advice, or moral precept

pearly antshrike n
chronka perlista
passerine bird

peasant /ˈpɛzənt/ n
chłop chłopka
member of the agriculture low class

peasantry n
chłopstwo
impoverished rural farm workers

peat /piːt/ n
torf
soil

pebble /ˈpɛb.əl/ n
otoczak
rock fragment between 4 and 64 millimetres in diameter
kamyk
stone

peck /pɛk/ n
cmoknięcie
short kiss

peck /pɛk/ v
dziobać
to strike or pierce with the beak or similar

peckish adj
głodnawy
mildly hungry

pectoral /pɛkˈtɔɹəl/ adj
piersiowy
of or pertaining to the breast or chest

pectoral sandpiper n
biegus arktyczny
Calidris melanotos

peculiar /pɛ.ˈkjuː.ljʊəɹ/ [pʰə̥ˈkʰj̊uljʊɹ̠] [pʰə̥ˈkʰj̊uːljʊə] adj
osobliwy
out of the ordinary

pedagogical adj
wyniosły
haughty and formal
pedagogiczny
of, or relating to pedagogy

pedagogue n
pedagog
a teacher

pedagogy /ˈpɛdəˌɡoʊdʒi/ n
pedagogika
profession of teaching

pedal /ˈpiːdəl/ /ˈpɛdəl/ adj
nożny
of or relating to the foot

pedal /ˈpiːdəl/ /ˈpɛdəl/ n
pedał
lever operated by one's foot

pedal /ˈpiːdəl/ /ˈpɛdəl/ v
pedałować
to operate a pedal

pedalo /ˈpɛdələʊ/ n
rower wodny
small boat propelled by pedals

peddle /ˈpɛdəl/ v
rozpowszechniać
to spread or cause to spread

pederasty /ˈpɛd.ə.ɹæs.ti/ /ˈpɛd.ə.ɹəs.ti/ n
pederastia efebofilia
pederasty

pedestal /ˈpɛdɪstəl/ n
piedestał
the base or foot of a column, statue, vase, lamp, or the like

pedestrian /pəˈdɛst.ɹi.ən/ adj
pieszy dla pieszych
of or intended for pedestrians
przyziemny
ordinary

pedestrian /pəˈdɛst.ɹi.ən/ n
pieszy
somebody walking rather than using a vehicle

pediatrician /piːdɪəˈtɹɪʃən/ /ˌpidi.əˈtɹɪʃən/ n
pediatra
physician who specialises in pediatrics

pedicel /ˈpɛdɪsəl/ n
szypułka
stalk of an individual flower

pedigree /ˈpɛd.ɪ.ɡɹi/ n
rodowód
chart of ancestors

pediment /ˈpɛd.ɪ.mənt/ n
fronton przyczółek
architectural element

pedometer n
krokomierz
device

pedophile /ˈpe.dəˌfɑel/ /ˈpiː.dəˌfaɪl/ /ˈpɛ.dəˌfaɪl/ n
pedofil
an adult who is sexually attracted to children

pedophilia /ˌpe.dəˈfɪ.li.ə/ /ˌpiː.dəˈfɪ.li.ə/ /ˌpɛ.dəˈfi.li.ə/ n
pedofilia
sexual feeling or desire by adults towards children

pee n
siusiu siki
pe
name of the letter P, p

pee v
sikać siusiać

peel /piːl/ [pʰiːɫ] n
lofer łopata
spadelike implement for removing loaves from an oven

peeler /ˈpiːlə/ /ˈpiːlɚ/ n
obieraczka
kitchen utensil

peen /piːn/ n
rąb
end of the head of a hammer opposite the main hammering end

peephole /piphoʊl/ /piːphəʊl/ /pʰiphoʊɫ/ n
judasz wizjer
hole

peer /piɹ/ /pɪə/ n
par
noble
rówieśniczka rówieśnik
someone or something of equal level

pegasus n
pegaz
winged horse

peignoir n
peniuar
a long outer garment for women

pejorative /pəˈdʒɔɹəɾɪv/ /pɪˈdʒɒɹətɪv/ adj
pejoratywny
disparaging, belittling or derogatory

pelargonium n
pelargonia
flower of the genus Pelargonium

peled n
peluga
Coregonus peled

pelican /ˈpɛl.ɪ.kən/ n
pelikan
any of various seabirds of the family Pelecanidae

pelmeni n
pielmeni pierogi
Russian dumplings

peloton n
peleton
main group of riders in a cycling race

pelt /pɛlt/ n
skóra
skin of a beast with the hair on
human skin

pelvic /ˈpɛlvɪk/ adj
miednicowy
of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pelvis; as, pelvic cellulitis

pelvis /ˈpɛlvɪs/ n
miednica
bone

pemmican /ˈpɛmɪkən/ n
pemikan
food mixture

pen /pɛn/ /pɪn/ n
wybieg
enclosure (enclosed area) for animals
pióro długopis
writing tool
łabędzica
female swan

pen /pɛn/ /pɪn/ v
pisać
to write

pen name n
literacki pseudonim
writer's pseudonym

pen pal n
przyjaciel korespondencyjny przyjaciółka korespondencyjna
friend with whom one communicates using letters

penalty /ˈpɛnəlti/ n
kara
punishment for violating rules of procedure
legal sentence

penalty area n
pole karne
area on a soccer pitch

penalty goal n
bramka strzelona z rzutu karnego bramka z rzutu karnego bramka zdobyta z rzutu karnego gol strzelony z rzutu karnego gol z rzutu karnego gol zdobyty z rzutu karnego
goal scored from a penalty

penalty kick n
rzut karny
(soccer) a form of direct free kick

penalty shootout n
seria rzutów karnych
a series of penalty kicks

penance /ˈpɛn.əns/ n
pokuta
voluntary self-imposed punishment

penchant /ˈpɑːnʃɑn/ /ˈpɛnt͡ʃənt/ n
skłonność
taste, liking, or inclination (for)

pencil /ˈpɛnsəl/ /ˈpɛnsɪl/ n
ołówek
graphite writing-instrument

pencil case /ˈpɛnsəl ˌkeɪs/ n
piórnik
object purposed to contain stationery

pencil pusher n
gryzipiórek
one who does office work

pencil sharpener n
temperówka
device used to sharpen pencils

pendant /ˈpɛnd(ə)nt/ n
wisiorek brelok wisior
a piece of jewellery hung from a chain worn around the neck

pendulum /ˈpɛnd͡ʒələm/ /ˈpɪnd͡ʒələm/ n
wahadło
body suspended from a fixed support

penetrate /ˈpɛnɪtɹeɪt/ v
przenikać
enter into

penguin /ˈpɛŋɡwɪn/ /ˈpɪŋɡwɪn/ n
pingwin bezlotek
flightless sea bird

peniaphobia n
peniafobia
fear of poverty and/or poor people

penicillin /ˌpɛnɪˈsɪlɪn/ n
penicylina
penicillin

peninsula /pəˈnɪn.sjə.lə/ /pəˈnɪn.sə.lə/ /pəˈnɪn.ʃə.lə/ n
półwysep
piece of land projecting into water

peninsular adj
półwyspowy
of or connected with a peninsula

penis /ˈpinɪs/ /ˈpiːnɪs/ n
penis członek kutas

penis envy n
zazdrość o członek
unconscious desire

penknife n
scyzoryk
small pocketknife

pennant /ˈpɛnənt/ n
proporzec
flag on ship to represent special condition

penniless /ˈpɛ.nɪ.ləs/ adj
bez grosza przy duszy
utterly without money

pennon /ˈpɛnən/ n
proporzec
a thin triangular flag or streamer

penny farthing n
bicykl
bicycle

penny for your thoughts /ˈpɛn.i fɔɹ jʊɹ ˈθɑts/ /ˈpɛn.i fɔː jɔː ˈθɔːts/ phraseologicalUnit
grosik za twoje myśli
inquiry into the thoughts

pension /ˈpɛnʃ(ə)n/ n
emerytura renta
regular payment due to a person in consideration of past services

pensioner /ˈpɛnʃənə/ /ˈpɛnʃənɚ/ n
emeryt emerytka
someone who lives on a pension

pentachloride n
pentachlorek
pentachloride

pentagon /ˈpɛn.tə.ɡɑn/ /ˈpɛn.tə.ɡən/ n
pięciokąt
a polygon with five sides and five angles

pentagram n
pentagram gwiazda pitagorejska
shape of five-pointed star

pentalogy n
pentalogia
series of five related works of art

pentathlon n
pięciobój
modern pentathlon

pentatomic adj
pięcioatomowy
having five atoms in each molecule

pentatonic scale n
skala pentatoniczna
scale having five notes

penultimate /pɪˈnʌltɪmət/ adj
przedostatni
next-to-last in a sequence

penumbra /pəˈnʌmbɹə/ n
półcień
partially shaded area around a shadow, especially an eclipse

peony /ˈpiːəni/ n
piwonia peonia
Paeonia genus of flowering plants

people /ˈpipəl/ /ˈpiːpəl/ n
ludzie
a body of human beings; a group of two or more persons
naród lud
a group of persons forming or belonging to a particular nation etc.
ludzie naród
a group of persons regarded as being employees etc.
ogół
a person's ancestors, relatives or family
lud naród
the mass of community as distinguished from a special class

people's adj
ludowy
of, from, or controlled by the common people

peopleless adj
bezludny
having no people

pep /pɛp/ n
energia wigor
energy and enthusiasm

pepper /ˈpɛpə/ /ˈpɛpɚ/ n
papryka chili papryka ostra
fruit of the capsicum
pieprz
spice
plant

pepper /ˈpɛpə/ /ˈpɛpɚ/ v
pieprzyć
add pepper to

pepper mill n
młynek do pieprzu
a small handheld grinder

pepper pot n
pieprzniczka
container

pepper shaker n
pieprzniczka
a small container designed to hold pepper and facilitate sprinkling it

pepper spray n
gaz pieprzowy
non-lethal riot-control agent

peppermint /ˈpɛpəˌmɪnt/ /ˈpɛpɚˌmɪnt/ n
mięta pieprzowa
herb

pepperwort /ˈpɛpəwəːt/ n
pieprzyca
plant in the genus Lepidium

peptide n
peptyd
class of organic compounds

per se /pəːˈseɪ/ /pɚːˈseɪ/ adv
per se sam z siebie
by itself

perambulate /pəɹˈæmbjəˌleɪt/ v
przechadzać się
roam, stroll

percent /pəˈsɛnt/ /pɜɹ.sɛnt/ n
procent
a part or other object per hundred

percentage /pəˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/ /pɚˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/ n
korzyść
informal: advantage
procent
part of a whole
share of the profits

perception /pəˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/ /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/ n
percepcja postrzeganie spostrzeganie
conscious understanding of something

perch /pɜːtʃ/ /pɝtʃ/ n
okoń
fish of the genus Perca
grzęda
rod used by bird

percolate /ˈpəɹkoʊleɪt/ /ˈpɜkəʊleɪt/ v
przesączyć
(transitive) pass a liquid through a porous substance

percussion /pɚˈkʌʃən/ n
perkusja
music: section of percussion instruments

percussion cap n
kapiszon
metal cap on muzzleloading firearms

percussion instrument n
instrument perkusyjny
type of instrument

percussionist n
perkusista
musician

peregrine falcon /ˈpɛɹəɡɹɪn ˈfælkən/ n
sokół wędrowny
Falco peregrinus

peremptory /pəˈɹɛmptəɹi/ adj
bezapelacyjny kategoryczny
(law) Precluding debate or expostulation; not admitting of question or appeal
dogmatyczny zdecydowany
Positive in opinion or judgment; decided, dogmatic
despotyczny dyktatorski władczy
imperious, dictatorial

perennial /pəˈɹɛni.əl/ adj
wieloletni
(of a plant) Having a life cycle of more than two years
odwieczny
enduring; lasting; timeless
częsty powracający powtarzający się
recurrent; appearing or recurring again and again

perennial /pəˈɹɛni.əl/ n
bylina
perennial plant

perestroika /pɛɹ.ɪˈstɹɔi.kə/ pn
pieriestrojka przebudowa
reform in the Soviet Union in 1980s

perfect /ˈpɜː.fɪkt/ /ˈpɝfɪkt/ adj
perfekcyjny doskonały idealny
excellent and delightful in all respects
doskonały
fitting its definition precisely
having all of its parts in harmony with a common purpose
dokonany
grammar: of a tense or verb form: representing a completed action

perfection /pɚˈfɛkʃən/ n
doskonałość perfekcja
being perfect

perfectionism n
perfekcjonizm
a dislike for anything less than perfection

perfectionist adj
perfekcjonistyczny
inclined or related to perfectionism

perfectionist n
perfekcjonista perfekcjonistka
person who does not settle for anything that is not perfect

perfective adj
dokonany
relative to the perfect tense or perfective aspect

perfective aspect n
aspekt dokonany
grammatical term

perfectly /ˈpɜːfɪktli/ /ˈpɝfɪktli/ adv
doskonale
with perfection

perforce /pəˈfɔːs/ /pɚˈfɔɹs/ adv
siłą rzeczy z konieczności
by force

perform /pəˈfɔːm/ /pɚˈfɔɹm/ v
wykonać
to do something
to do something in front of an audience

perfume /pɚˈfjuːm/ /ˈpɚfjuːm/ /ˈpɜːfjuːm/ /ˈpɝfjuːm/ n
zapach woń
pleasant smell
perfumy
substance providing a pleasant smell

perfume /pɚˈfjuːm/ /ˈpɚfjuːm/ /ˈpɜːfjuːm/ /ˈpɝfjuːm/ v
perfumować
to apply perfume to

perfumery n
perfumeria
shop selling perfumes

perfunctory /pəˈfʌŋk.tɹɪ/ /pɚˈfʌŋ.tɚ.i/ adj
pobieżny powierzchowny
performed out of routine, with little care

pergola /ˈpɜːɡələ/ n
pergola
framework

perhaps /pəˈhæps/ /pɚˈhæps/ /ˈpɹæps/ adv
może podobno
indicating a lack of certainty

perianth n
okwiat
sterile parts of a flower

pericarp /ˈpɛɹɪˌkɑːp/ n
owocnia
outermost layer of a ripe fruit or ovary

pericope /pəˈɹɪkəpi/ n
perykopa
passage of religious Scripture

pericycle n
okolnica perycykl perykambium
cylinder of plant tissue

perihelion n
peryhelium
point where the planet or comet is nearest to the Sun

peril /ˈpɛɹəl/ n
niebezpieczeństwo
a situation of serious danger
zagrożenie
something that causes, contains, or presents danger

perilous /ˈpeɹ.ɪ.ləs/ adj
niebezpieczny
dangerous, full of peril

perimeter /pəˈɹɪmɪtə(ɹ)/ n
obwód
sum of the distance of all the lengths of the sides of an object
length of such a boundary

perinatal adj
okołoporodowy
of or pertaining to the time around birth

perineum /ˌpɛɹ̩.əˈniː.əm/ /ˌpɛɹ̩.ɪˈniː.əm/ n
krocze
anatomical term

period /ˈpɪəɹɪəd/ n
okres
a length of time
history: period of time seen as coherent entity
kropka
punctation mark “.”

periodic /ˌpɜːɹaɪˈɒdɪk/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪk/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɒdɪk/ adj
okresowy
having repeated cycles
occurring at regular intervals

periodic table /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪk ˈteɪbəl/ /ˌpɪɹiˈɒdɪk ˈteɪb(ə)l/ n
układ okresowy pierwiastków układ okresowy
tabular chart of the chemical elements

periodical n
czasopismo periodyk
publication that appears at fixed intervals

periodically adv
okresowo
in a regular, periodic manner

periosteum n
okostna
membrane surrounding a bone

peripatetic /ˌpɛɹ.ɪ.pəˈtɛt.ɪk/ adj
wędrowny
walking about; itinerant

peripatetic /ˌpɛɹ.ɪ.pəˈtɛt.ɪk/ n
perypatetyk wędrowiec
one who walks about; a pedestrian; an itinerant

peripheral device n
urządzenie peryferyjne
device that is outside the computer's system unit

periphery /pəˈɹɪfəɹi/ n
kraniec kresy obrzeże peryferie pogranicze skraj
outside boundary, parts or surface

periphyton n
peryfiton

perish /ˈpɛɹɪʃ/ v
zginąć
die

peristalsis /ˌpɛɹɪˈstalsɪs/ /ˌpɛɹɪˈstælsɪs/ n
perystaltyka
rhythmic contraction of the digestive tract

periwinkle /ˈpɛɹiˌwɪŋkəl/ /ˈpɛɹɪwɪŋk(ə)l/ n
barwinek
plant

perjury /ˈpɜː(ɹ)dʒəɹi/ n
krzywoprzysięstwo
deliberate giving of false or misleading testimony under oath

permaculture n
permakultura
agriculture that renews natural resources and enriches local ecosystems

permafrost /ˈpɝməˌfɹɔst/ n
wieczna zmarzlina
permanently frozen ground

permanence /ˈpɜmənəns/ /ˈpɜɹmənəns/ n
permanencja
the state of being permanent

permanent /ˈpɜːmənənt/ /ˈpɝmənənt/ adj
stały
without end

permille /pə(ɹ)ˈmɪli/ n
promil
per thousand

permission /pəˈmɪʃən/ /pɚˈmɪʃən/ n
pozwolenie dozwolenie
authorisation

permit /pəˈmɪt/ /pɚˈmɪt/ /ˈpɜːmɪt/ /ˈpɝmɪt/ v
pozwalać pozwolić
allow (something) to happen

pernicious /pəˈnɪʃəs/ adj
zgubny
causing death or injury
groźny szkodliwy zgubny
causing much harm

peroxide n
nadtlenek
chemical compound with two oxygen atoms

perpendicular /pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/ /ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/ adj
prostopadły
at or forming a right angle to

perpendicular /pɝ.pɛnˈdɪk.ju.lɚ/ /ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/ n
prostopadła
line or plane

perpendicularly adv
prostopadle
in a perpendicular manner

perpetrator /ˈpɜː(ɹ).pɪ.ˌtɹeɪt.ə(ɹ)/ n
sprawca winowajca
one who perpetrates

perpetual /pəˈpɛtʃʊəl/ /pɚˈpɛtʃuəl/ adj
wieczny
lasting forever

perplexed /pəˈplɛkst/ /pɚˈplɛkst/ adj
zakłopotany zmieszany
confused or puzzled

persecution /ˌpɜːsəˈkjuːʃən/ /ˌpɝsəˈkjuʃən/ n
prześladowanie
the act of persecuting

perseverance /ˌpɜː(ɹ)səˈvɪəɹəns/ n
wytrwałość
persistent determination to adhere to a course of action; insistence

persevere v
wytrwać dotrwać
persist steadfastly

persimmon /pəɹˈsɪmən/ /pɜːˈsɪmən/ /ˈpɜːsəmən/ n
hurma persymona
fruit
hurma
tree

persistent /pəˈsɪstənt/ /pɚˈsɪstənt/ adj
trwały
computing: existing after the execution of the program
ciągły nieustanny
indefinitely continuous
bezustanny uporczywy
insistently repetitive
bezustanny ciągły uporczywy wytrwały
refusing to give up

person /ˈpɜːsən/ /ˈpɝsən/ n
osobowość osoba
any individual or formal organization with standing before the courts
osoba persona
individual
grammar: linguistic category
indywidualność osobowość
science fiction: sentient or socially intelligent being
miłośnik zwolennik
someone who likes or has an affinity for a specified thing
człowiek istota ludzka osoba
specifically a human being
postać osoba
the physical body seen as distinct from the mind

personable /ˈpɜː(ɹ)sənəbəl/ adj
przyjazny przyjemny sympatyczny
having pleasing appearance or manner

personal /ˈpɜɹ.sən.əl/ /ˈpɜː.sən.əl/ adj
osobowy
grammar: denoting person
osobisty personalny
of or pertaining to a particular person

personal computer n
komputer osobisty PC pecet
small computer for use by one person at a time

personal data n
dane osobowe

personal pronoun n
zaimek osobowy
part of speech

personality /pɜːsəˈnælətɪ/ /ˌpɝsəˈnælɪti/ n
osobowość
set of qualities that make a person distinct from other people

personally /ˈpɜːsnəli/ adv
osobiście
concerning oneself
in a personal manner

personification n
uosobienie
artistic representation of an abstract quality as a human
personifikacja uosobienie
literary device
personifikacja uosobienie wcielenie
person, thing or name typifying a certain quality or idea

personnel /pɜː.səˈnɛl/ /pɝ.səˈnɛl/ /pɵː.sɘˈnɛl/ n
personel kadra
employees, office staff

persons /ˈpɜːsənz/ n
osoby
More than one person; considered individually

perspicacious /ˌpɜː.spɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs/ /ˌpɜːɹ.spɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
bystry
Able to physically see clearly
przenikliwy wnikliwy
showing keen insight

perspicacity /ˌpɜː.spɪˈkæs.ə.tiː/ /ˌpɜːɹ.spɪˈkæs.ə.tiː/ n
przenikliwość
Acute discernment or understanding; insight

pertain /pəˈteɪn/ /pɚˈteɪn/ v
należeć
to belong
odnosić się
to relate, to refer

pertinacious /pɝtn̩ˈeɪʃəs/ /ˌpɜːtɪˈneɪʃəs/ adj
niezachwiany
holding tenaciously to an opinion or purpose

pertinaciously /ˌpɜː.təˈneɪ.ʃəs.li/ /ˌpɝːtənˈeɪʃəsli/ adv
nieustępliwie
in a stubbornly resolute manner

peruke /pəˈɹuːk/ n
peruka
wig

pervasive /pəˈveɪ.sɪv/ /pɚˈveɪ.sɪv/ adj
wszechobecny wszechogarniający
manifested throughout

pervert /pəˈvəːt/ /pɚˈvɝt/ /ˈpəɹvəɹt/ /ˈpəːvəːt/ n
zboczeniec dewiant
sexually perverted person

pervert /pəˈvəːt/ /pɚˈvɝt/ /ˈpəɹvəɹt/ /ˈpəːvəːt/ v
zboczyć
to take the wrong course

pescetarianism n
pescowegetarianizm
dietary choice

pessimist /ˈpɛsɪmɪst/ n
pesymista pesymistka
someone who habitually expects the worst outcome

pessimistic /ˌpɛ.səˈmɪs.tɪk/ adj
pesymistyczny
marked by pessimism and little hopefulness
always expecting the worst

pest /pɛst/ n
insekt szkodnik
destructive insect

pesticide /ˈpɛstɨsaɪd/ /ˈpɛstɪ̈ˌsaɪd/ n
pestycyd
substance used to kill or repress the activities of pests

pestilence /ˈpɛstələn(t)s/ n
zaraza
any highly contagious epidemic disease

pestle /ˈpɛsəl/ n
tłuczek
instrument used with a mortar to grind things

pet /pɛt/ n
zwierzę domowe
an animal kept as a companion

pet /pɛt/ v
głaskać
fondle (an animal)

pet shop n
sklep zoologiczny
shop

petal /ˈpɛtl̩/ n
płatek płatek korony
one of the component parts of the corolla of a flower

petasus n
petasos
low-crowned hat worn by the Ancient Greeks and Romans

peter out v
zanikać
to diminish

petiole /ˈpɛdiˌoʊl/ /ˈpɛtɪəʊl/ n
ogonek liścia
stalk of a leaf

petition /pəˈtɪ.ʃən/ n
petycja
formal, written request made to an official person

petrification n
petryfikacja
process of replacing the organic residues with insoluble salts

petroliferous adj
roponośny
containing or yielding petroleum

petticoat /ˈpɛtɪkəʊt/ n
halka
woman's undergarment worn under a skirt

petting /ˈpɛtɪŋ/ n
petting
kissing, stroking, etc., in a sexual manner

petty /ˈpɛti/ [ˈpʰɛɾi] adj
błahy drobny nieistotny
little, trifling, or inconsiderable, as a petty fault

petty bourgeoisie n
drobnomieszczaństwo
social class

pew /pjuː/ interjection
fuj
expression of disgust in response to an unpleasant odor

pew /pjuː/ n
ławka
long bench in a church

pewter /ˈpjutɚ/ /ˈpjuːtə/ n
cynołów pewter
alloy of tin, copper and antimony

phablet /ˈfæblɪt/ n
fablet
electronic handheld device

phalange /ˈfælændʒ/ n
falanga
political movement

phalanx /ˈfeɪlæŋks/ n
falanga
ancient Greek military unit
paliczek
finger or toe bone

phallic /ˈfælɪk/ adj
falliczny
having to do with the penis

phallocentrism n
fallocentryzm
Focus on the phallus or on a male point of view.

phallocracy /faˈlɒkɹəsi/ n
fallokracja
government by men

phallus /ˈfæləs/ n
fallus
the penis or its representation

phantasmagoria /ˌfæntæzməˈɡɒɹi.ə/ /ˌfæntæzməˈɡɔːɹi.ə/ n
fantasmagoria
a dreamlike state

phantom /ˈfæntəm/ n
fantom
something having no physical reality

pharaoh /ˈfæɹəʊ/ n
faraon
supreme ruler of ancient Egypt

pharaonic /ˌfɛəɹeɪˈɒnɪk/ adj
faraoński
of or pertaining to a pharaoh

pharmacist /ˈfɑɹməsɪst/ n
farmaceuta farmaceutka
one who studies pharmacy
aptekarz aptekarka
professional who dispenses prescription drugs

pharmacological /ˌfɑɹməkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/ adj
farmakologiczny
of or having to do with pharmacology

pharmacology /ˌfɑɹməˈkɒlədʒi/ n
farmakologia
science that studies the effects of chemical compounds on living animals

pharmacotherapy n
farmakoterapia
use of pharmaceuticals to treat disease

pharmacy /ˈfɑɹməsi/ /ˈfɑːməsi/ n
apteka farmacja
a place where prescription drugs are dispensed

pharynx /ˈfæɹɪŋks/ n
gardło
part of alimentary canal

phase /feɪz/ n
faza
distinguishable part of a sequence

phase modulation n
modulacja fazy
form of modulation

phase-shift keying n
kluczowanie fazy modulacja PSK
form of phase modulation

phasmid /ˈfazmɪd/ n
patyczak straszyk
an insect

phasor n
wskaz
A plotted line that represents the amplitude and phase of a sinusoidally varying quantity such as an alternating current.

pheasant /ˈfɛzənt/ n
bażant
bird of family Phasianidae, often hunted for food

pheasant's eye n
miłek
flowering plant of the genus Adonis

phenol /ˈfinəl/ /ˈfiːnəl/ n
fenol
any of a class of aromatic organic compounds having at least one hydroxyl group attached directly to the benzene ring
caustic compound derived from benzene

phenolphthalein /finɑlˈfθælin/ /fiːnɒlˈfθæliːn/ n
fenoloftaleina
pH indicator

phenomenal adj
fenomenalny niezwykły
remarkable

phenomenology /fɪˌnɑməˈnɑləɡi/ /fɪˌnɒmɪˈnɒləɡi/ n
fenomenologia
philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena

phenomenon /fɪˈnɑmənɑn/ /fɪˈnɒmənɒn/ n
zjawisko fenomen
observable fact or occurrence
unusual, curious, or astonishing fact or event

phenylalanine n
fenyloalanina
amino acid; C₉H11NO₂

pheromone n
feromon
chemical

phew /fjuː/ interjection
uff
Used to show relief, fatigue, or surprise

philanderer /fɪ.ˈlæn.də.ɹə/ /fɪ.ˈlæn.də.ɹɚ/ n
flirciarz kobieciarz
fickle lover

philanthropist n
filantrop filantropka
person who loves mankind

philanthropy /fəˈlæn(t)θɹəpiː/ /fɪˈlænθɹəpiː/ n
filantropia
benevolent altruism with the intention of increasing the well-being of mankind

philately /fɪˈlæt.ə.li/ n
filatelistyka
stamp collecting
the study of postage stamps, postal routes, postal history, etc.

philistine /ˈfɪləstaɪn/ adj
filisterski
lacking in appreciation for art or culture

philistinism n
mieszczaństwo
philistinism

philological adj
filologiczny
pertaining to the history of literature

philologist n
filolog fililożka
person who engages in philology

philology /fɪˈlɒlədʒɪ/ n
filologia
historical linguistics

philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfəɹ/ /fɪˈlɒs.ə.fə(ɹ)/ n
filozof mędrzec
person devoted to studying philosophy

philosopher's stone n
kamień filozoficzny
philosopher's stone

philosophical /ˌfɪləˈsɑfɪkl̩/ /ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkl̩/ adj
filozoficzny
of or pertaining to philosophy

philosophically adv
filozoficznie
in a philosophical manner

philosophy /fɪˈlɑsəfi/ /fɪˈlɒsəfi/ n
filozofia
academic discipline
comprehensive system of belief
general principle
view regarding fundamental principles

philtrum /ˈfɪltɹəm/ n
rynienka podnosowa
shallow groove running down the centre of the outer surface of the upper lip

phimosis /faɪˈməʊsɪs/ n
stulejka
contraction of the foreskin

phishing /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ n
wyłudzanie danych
malicious act

phlegm /flɛm/ n
orosienie
flegma śluz
mucus secreted in the bronchial passages

phlegmatic /flɛɡˈmætɪk/ adj
flegmatyczny
not easily excited to action

phloem /ˈfloʊ.əm/ /ˈfləʊ.əm/ n
łyko
vascular tissue

phlogiston /flə(ʊ)ˈdʒɪstɒn/ n
flogiston
hypothetical fiery principle

phlox n
floks płomyk
plant of genus Phlox

phobia /ˈfəʊbi.ə/ n
fobia
irrational or obsessive fear or anxiety

phocomelia /ˌfəʊkəˈmiːlɪə/ n
fokomelia
phocomelia

phoenix /ˈfiːnɪks/ n
feniks
mythological bird

phone /foʊ̯n/ /fəʊ̯n/ n
głoska
speech segment

phone /foʊ̯n/ /fəʊ̯n/ v
telefonować dzwonić
to call (someone) on the telephone

phone sex n
seks przez telefon
erotic or sexual telephone conversation between two or more people

phoneme /ˈfoʊnim/ /ˈfəʊniːm/ n
fonem
indivisible unit of sound

phonemic /fəˈniːmɪk/ adj
fonemiczny
relating to phonemes

phonendoscope n
fonendoskop
a form of stethoscope used in auscultation

phonetic /fəˈnɛtɪk/ adj
fonetyczny
linguistics: relating to phones
relating to sounds of spoken language

phonetician /ˌfoʊnəˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ /ˌfəʊnɪˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ n
fonetyczka fonetyk
person who specializes in phonetics

phonetics /fəˈnɛtɪks/ n
fonetyka
study of speech sounds and their representation by written symbols

phoniatrics n
foniatria

phonology /fəˈnɑlədʒi/ /fəˈnɒlədʒi/ n
fonologia
subfield of linguistics concerned with the way sounds function in languages

phonon /ˈfoʊ.nɑn/ n
fonon
quantum of acoustic energy

phononic adj
fononiczny fononowy
relating to the study of phonons

phosphate /ˈfɑsfeɪt/ /ˈfɒsfeɪt/ n
fosforan
any salt or ester of phosphoric acid

phosphor n
luminofor
compound exhibiting phosphorescence

phosphorescence /ˌfɑːsfəˈɹɛsəns/ /ˌfɒsfəˈɹɛsəns/ n
fosforescencja
emission of light without heat

phosphorescent adj
fosforescencyjny
emitting light for a period of time after the source of excitation is taken away

phosphoric acid n
kwas fosforowy
the colourless liquid; H₃PO₄

phosphorous acid n
kwas fosfonowy
H₃PO₃

phosphorus /ˈfɑsfɚəs/ /ˈfɒsfəɹəs/ n
fosfor
element

phosphorylation n
fosforylacja
the process of transferring a phosphate group from a donor to an acceptor

photoconductivity n
fotoprzewodnictwo
an increase in the electrical conductivity of a material as a result of incident electromagnetic radiation

photocopier n
fotokopiarka ksero kserograf kserokopiarka
machine which reproduces documents by photographing the original over a glass plate and printing duplicates

photocopy n
ksero kserokopia
copy made using a photocopier

photocopy v
kserować skserować
to make a copy using a photocopier

photogenic /ˌfoʊ.toʊˈdʒɛn.ɪk/ /ˌfəʊ.təʊˈdʒɛn.ɪk/ adj
fotogeniczny
looking good when photographed

photograph /ˈfoʊ.tə.ˌɡɹæf/ /ˈfəʊ.tə.ˌɡɹɑːf/ n
fotografia zdjęcie fotka
picture

photograph /ˈfoʊ.tə.ˌɡɹæf/ /ˈfəʊ.tə.ˌɡɹɑːf/ v
fotografować sfotografować uwieczniać uwiecznić
to take a photograph

photographer /fəˈtɑɡɹəfɚ/ /fəˈtɒɡɹəfə/ n
fotograf
one who takes photographs

photographic /ˌfoʊtəˈɡɹæfɪk/ adj
fotograficzny
of or pertaining to photographs
of or pertaining to photography

photography /fəˈtɑɡɹəfi/ /fəˈtɒɡɹəfi/ n
fotografia zdjęcie
art and technology of producing images on photosensitive surfaces
occupation of taking (and often printing) photographs

photolysis n
fotoliza
chemical reaction

photomontage n
fotomontaż
composite image

photon /ˈfəʊtɒn/ n
foton
quantum of light

photonic adj
fotoniczny fotonowy
relating to photons

photonics n
fotonika
science and technology of generating and controlling photons

photophobia n
światłowstręt
excessive sensitivity to light

photosensitive adj
światłoczuły
sensitive to light

photoshop n
fotoszopować photoshopować
to digitally edit a picture

photoshopped adj
sfotoszopowane sphotoshopowane
digitally edited or altered

photosphere n
fotosfera
A visible surface layer of a star

photosynthesis /ˌfoʊ.toʊ.ˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/ /ˌfəʊ.təʊ.ˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/ n
fotosynteza
biological process

phototransistor n
fototranzystor
semiconductor

phrase /fɹeɪz/ n
wypowiedzenie
grammar: group of two or more words that express an idea but do not form a complete sentence
fraza wyrażenie zdanie
short written or spoken expression

phrase book n
rozmówki
book of everyday expressions and vocabulary

phthisis /ˈ(f)θaɪsɪs/ /ˈtaɪsɪs/ n
suchoty
phthisis

phylogenetics n
filogeneza
study of organism relationships

physalis /ˈfɪsəlɪs/ n
miechunka
plant of the genus Physalis

physical /ˈfɪzɪkəl/ adj
fizyczny
having to do with the body
having to do with the material world
having to do with physics

physical education n
wychowanie fizyczne w-f
curriculum component

physically /ˈfɪzɪkli/ adv
fizycznie
in a physical manner

physician /fɪˈzɪʃən/ n
lekarz doktor lekarka medyk
medical doctor

physicist /ˈfɪz.ɪ.sɪst/ n
fizyk
person whose occupation specializes in the science of physics

physics /ˈfɪz.ɪks/ n
fizyka
branch of science

physiography n
fizjografia
subfield of geography

physiotherapeutic adj
fizjoterapeutyczny
of or relating to physiotherapy

physiotherapist n
fizjoterapeuta fizjoterapeutka
therapist who treats physical injury or dysfunction, usually with exercise

phytochemical adj
fitochemiczny
pertraining to chemistry of plants

phytochemistry n
fitochemia
the scientific study of the chemicals found in plants

phytoestrogen n
fitoestrogen
compound

phytopathology n
fitopatologia
study of plant diseases

phytosterol n
fitosterol

pi /paɪ/ n
pi
irrational mathematical constant
letter of Greek alphabet

piaffe v
piaff
movement in dressage

pianist /ˈpi.ənɪst/ n
pianista pianistka
piano player

piano /piˈænoʊ/ /piˈænəʊ/ n
pianino fortepian
a keyboard musical instrument

piano nobile n
piano nobile
floor

picaresque /pɪkəˈɹɛsk/ adj
awanturniczy łotrzykowski
of or pertaining to rogues

picaresque /pɪkəˈɹɛsk/ n
powieść łotrzykowska
picaresque novel

piccolo /ˈpɪkoloʊ/ /ˈpɪkələʊ/ n
flet piccolo piccolo pikolo
musical instrument

pick /pɪk/ n
zasłona
basketball: screen
kandydat możliwość wyboru prawo wyboru wybór
choice
czekan kilof oskard
pickaxe
wytrych
tool to open a lock

pick /pɪk/ v
wybierać wybrać
to decide between options
dłubać gmerać grzebać
to grasp and pull with fingers
zbierać zrywać
to remove a fruit or plant for consumption

pick one's nose v
dłubać w nosie
insert a finger into one's nostril

pick up v
odebrać
to answer (a telephone), see pick up the phone
to collect a passenger
to collect an object, especially in passing
zrozumieć
to learn, to grasp; to begin to understand
podnosić podnieść
to lift; to grasp and raise
podrywać
to meet and seduce somebody for romantic purposes

pick up the phone v
odebrać telefon
to pick up the receiver of a telephone to answer a call

pickaxe /ˈpɪkˌæks/ n
kilof czekan oskard
heavy iron tool

picket n
sztacheta
stake driven into the ground

pickle /ˈpɪkl̩/ n
ogórek kiszony ogórek w occie
cucumber preserved in brine or vinegar syrup

pickled adj
kiszony
preserved by pickling

pickling /ˈpɪk.lɪŋ/ v
kiszenie marynowanie peklowanie
present participle of pickle

pickpocket /ˈpɪkpɒkɪt/ n
kieszonkowiec
one who steals from the pocket of a passerby

pickup n
odebranie
act of answering a telephone
odbiór
act of collecting and taking away, usually in a vehicle
przetwornik przystawka
electronic device for detecting sound
podryw
flirtation, courting
znajdźka
item collected in a video game
dokrętka
material filmed after the fact to augment main footage

picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n
piknik
a meal eaten outdoors

picric acid n
kwas pikrynowy
picric acid

pictogram n
piktogram
picture that represents a word or an idea

pictorial /pɪkˈtɔɹi.əl/ n
ilustrowany magazyn
magazine

picture /ˈpɪk(t)ʃɚ/ /ˈpɪktʃə/ /ˈpɪtʃɚ/ n
kino
informal: cinema
zdjęcie fotografia
photograph
obraz
representation of visible reality produced by drawing, etc

picture book n
książka obrazkowa
a book for young children with illustrations

picturesque /pɪktʃəˈɹɛsk/ adj
malowniczy
resembling a picture or painting

pidgin /ˈpɪdʒən/ /ˈpɪdʒɪn/ n
pidżyn język pidżynowy
amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers

pie /paɪ/ n
ciasto
type of pastry

pie iron n
tostownica
device for making sandwiches

piece /piːs/ n
sztuka utwór
artistic creation
pionek
object played in a board game
część kawałek element
part of a larger whole
sztuka
single item belonging to a class of similar items
moneta
small coin

piece of cake /ˈpiːsə(v)ˈkeɪk/ n
bułka z masłem
simple or easy job

piece of furniture n
mebel
item of furniture

piecemeal /ˈpiːs.miːl/ adj
fragmentaryczny wyrywkowy
Made or done in pieces or one stage at a time

piecemeal /ˈpiːs.miːl/ adv
na kawałki
into pieces or parts
po kawałku po trochu
piece by piece

pied /paɪd/ adj
pstry
decorated or colored in blotches

piemontite /ˈpiməntaɪt/ /ˈpiːmɒntaɪt/ n
piemontyt
mineral

pier /piɹ/ /pɪə/ n
molo pomost przystań
raised platform built from the shore out over water
molo
similar structure used to provide entertainment
filar
structure supporting the junction between two spans of a bridge
rectangular pillar, or similar structure, that supports an arch, wall or roof
pirs
structure used to accommodate ships

pierogi /pəˈɹoːɡi/ /pɛˈɾoːɡi/ n
pierogi
dumpling

piety /ˈpaɪ.ɪ.ti/ n
bogobojność pobożność
reverence and devotion to God

piffle /ˈpɪf.əl/ v
mówić bzdury zachowywać się głupio
to act or speak in a futile, ineffective, or nonsensical manner

pig /ˈpɪɡ/ n
pies
derogatory slang for police officer
świnia
mammal of genus Sus

pig in a poke n
kot w worku
something whose true value is concealed or unknown

pig iron n
surówka
type of crude iron

pigeon /ˈpɪdʒən/ /ˈpɪdʒɪn/ n
gołąb
bird of the dove and pigeon family Columbidae

pigeonhole principle n
zasada szufladkowa
combinatorial theorem

piggy bank n
skarbonka świnka-skarbonka
small container to store small saved coins in

piglet /ˈpɪɡ.lət/ n
prosiak prosię browek
young pig

pigment /ˈpɪɡ.mənt/ n
pigment
any color in plant or animal cells
dry colorant

pigment /ˈpɪɡ.mənt/ v
pigmentować
add color or pigment

pigsty /ˈpɪɡstaɪ/ n
chlew
enclosure where pigs are kept
dirty or very untidy place

pigtail /ˈpɪɡ.teɪl/ n
warkoczyk
braided plait of hair

pika /ˈpaɪkə/ n
szczekuszkowate
furry mammal of the family Ochotonidae

pike /paɪk/ n
szczupak
fish of the genus Esox

pike pole n
bosak
tool

pilaf n
pilaw
dish

pile /paɪl/ n
stos sterta
heap

pile driver n
kafar
machine for forcing a pile into the ground

pile-up n
karambol
pile of crashed cars

pileous adj
włosowy
of, pertaining to, or consisting of hair

pileus n
pilos
felt hat worn in ancient Rome and Greece
kapelusz
the cap of a mushroom

pilfer /ˈpɪl.fə/ /ˈpɪl.fɚ/ v
podkradać
to steal in small quantities

pilgrim n
pielgrzym pątnik
traveler, especially to religious sites

pilgrimage n
pielgrzymka
religious journey, or one to a sacred place

pill /pɪl/ n
pigułka tabletka
small object for swallowing

pillar /ˈpɪlə/ /ˈpɪlɚ/ n
filar
large post, often used as supporting architecture

pillory /ˈpɪləɹi/ n
dyby gąsior
framework on a post used as a means of punishment and humiliation

pillow /ˈpɛləʊ/ /ˈpɪləʊ/ n
poduszka
soft cushion used to support the head in bed

pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ n
pilot
controller of aircraft

pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ v
pilotować
to control an aircraft or watercraft
to guide through coastal waters

pilot whale n
grindwal
either of two species of whale

pimp /pɪmp/ n
sutener alfons
prostitution solicitor

pimpernel /ˈpɪmpənɛl/ n
kurzyślad
Anagallis

pimping /ˈpɪmpɪŋ/ n
stręczycielstwo sutenerstwo
practise of procuring prostitutes

pimple /ˈpɪmp(ə)l/ n
pryszcz krosta
inflamed spot on the surface of the skin

pin /pɪn/ n
styk
any of the individual connecting elements of a multi-pole electrical connector
zawleczka
cylinder of wood or metal used to fasten or as a bearing between two parts
szpilka
needle without an eye, used for fastening
kręgiel
slender object specially designed for use in bowling

pinata /pɪnˈjɑːtə/ n
piniata
candy-filled container that is hit with a stick

pincers /ˈpɪnsəɹz/ n
kleszcze
gripping tool

pinch /pɪntʃ/ n
szczypanie szczypnięcie
action of squeezing a small amount of skin
szczypta
small amount of powder

pinch /pɪntʃ/ v
szczypać uszczypnąć
to squeeze a small amount of skin

pincushion /ˈpɪnˌkʊʃən/ n
poduszeczka
device to receive sewing pins

pine /paɪn/ n
sosna
tree of the genus Pinus
wood of pine tree
tęsknota
painful longing

pine /paɪn/ v
obchodzić żałobę opłakiwać
to grieve or mourn for
znęcać się
to inflict pain upon; to torment; to torture; to afflict
marnieć oklapnąć stracić werwę/animusz słabnąć
to languish, to droop
usychać z tęsknoty umierać z tęsknoty
to long for sufferingly

pine needle n
igła sosnowa
leaf of a pine tree

pine nut /ˈpaɪn ˌnʌt/ n
orzeszek piniowy
edible seeds of evergreen pine

pineal gland /ˈpaɪ.niːəl ˌɡlænd/ n
szyszynka
small endocrine gland

pineapple /ˈpaɪnæpəl/ /ˈpaɪnəpəl/ n
ananas
fruit
plant

pinesap n
korzeniówka
Monotropa hypopitys

pinewood n
bór las sosnowy
forest or grove of pines
sośnina
wood of the pine

pink /piŋk/ /pɪŋk/ adj
różowy róż
colored/coloured between red and white

pink /piŋk/ /pɪŋk/ n
goździk
flower
róż różowy
pale red colour

pinna n
małżowina uszna ucho zewnętrzne
visible part of the ear

pinocytosis n
pinocytoza
a form of endocytosis

pinwheel n
wiatraczek
fake flower for children

pinworm n
owsica
worms

pion /ˈpaɪɒn/ n
pion
particle

pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪəɹ/ n
pionier
member of a child organization in the Soviet bloc
one who goes before
soldier

pioneer species n
gatunek pionierski
pioneer species

pious /ˈpaɪəs/ adj
pobożny nabożny bogobojny zbożny
of or pertaining to piety

pipe /paɪp/ n
potok
computing: mechanism that enables one program to communicate with another
piszczałka
organ pipe
rura
rigid tube
kreska pionowa
the character
rurki
type of pasta

pipe dream n
mrzonka
near impossibility

pipeline /ˈpaɪpˌlaɪn/ n
rurociąg
conduit made of pipes

pipette /paɪˈpɛt/ /pɪˈpɛt/ n
pipeta
small glass tube used for transferring liquid

piping hot /ˌpaɪ.pɪŋ ˈhɒt/ /ˌpaɪpɪŋ ˈhɑːt/ adj
wrzący
very hot

pipit /ˈpɪpɪt/ n
świergotek
passerine bird from the genus Anthus

piracy /ˈpaɪɹəsi/ n
piractwo
robbery at sea
unauthorized duplication

piranha /pɪˈɹɑnjə/ /pɪˈɹɑːnjə/ n
pirania
South American fish

pirate /ˈpaɪ̯(ə)ɹɪt/ adj
piracki
illegal imitated or reproduced

pirate /ˈpaɪ̯(ə)ɹɪt/ n
pirat
one who breaks intellectual property laws
pirat korsarz
one who plunders at sea

pirate /ˈpaɪ̯(ə)ɹɪt/ v
piracić piratować
make and/or sell an illegal copy

pirouette /ˌpɪ.ɹəˈwɛt/ /ˌpɪ.ɹʊˈɛt/ n
piruet
whirling or turning on the toes

pirozhki /pɪˈɹɒʒkɪ/ n
pirożki
small pastries

piscatory adj
rybacki
of, about, or pertaining to the act of fishing

piscine /piːˈsiːn/ /ˈpaɪsin/ /ˈpɪsaɪn/ adj
rybi
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of fish; ichthyic

piscivore /ˈpɪs(k)ɪvɔː/ /ˈpɪsɪvɔɹ/ n
rybojad
fish eater

piscivorous /pɪˈsɪvəɹəs/ adj
rybożerny
fish

piss /pɪs/ n
siki
urine

piss /pɪs/ v
szczać sikać

piss oneself v
poszczać się (ze strachu) zeszczać się (ze strachu)
vulgar slang: be very scared
poszczać się (ze śmiechu) zeszczać się (ze śmiechu)
vulgar slang: laugh uncontrollably
poszczać się zeszczać się
vulgar slang: wet oneself

pissed as a newt adj
nawalony jak Messerschmitt nawalony jak stodoła nawalony jak szpadel pijany jak świnia zalany w sztok zalany w trupa
drunk to the point of incapacity; inebriated

pissed off adj
wkurwiony wkurzony
annoyed, upset, angry

pistachio /pɪsˈtæʃi.əʊ/ /pɪsˈtæʃioʊ/ n
pistacja
fruit

pistil n
słupek
a discrete unit in the center of a flower which receives the pollen and produces a fruit

pistol /ˈpɪstəl/ n
pistolet
handgun

piston /ˈpɪstən/ n
tłok
solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder

piston ring n
pierścień tłokowy
ring around a piston

pit /ˈpɪt/ n
dół jama
hole in the ground
pestka
the stone of a drupaceous fruit

pita /ˈpiːtə/ /ˈpɪtə/ n
pita
bread pouch used for making sandwiches

pitch /pɪtʃ/ n
smoła
dark, extremely viscous material made by distilling tar
żywica
sticky, gummy substance secreted by trees
rzut
act of pitching a baseball
kąt
angle at which an object sits
boisko pole
field on which cricket, soccer, rugby or field hockey is played
wysokość dźwięku
the perceived frequency of a sound or note

pitch /pɪtʃ/ v
rozbić złożyć
to assemble or erect (a tent)

pitch accent n
akcent toniczny
phonology

pitcher /ˈpɪtʃə/ /ˈpɪtʃɚ/ n
dzban
A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding liquids

pitcher plant n
dzbanecznik
plant of the genus Nepenthes
kapturnica
plant of the genus Sarracenia

pitchfork /ˈpɪtʃˌfɔɹk/ n
widły
farm tool with tines

pith /pɪθ/ n
miękisz
soft spongy substance in the center of the stems of many plants and trees

pithy /ˈpɪθi/ adj
trafny zwięzły
zwięzły
Concise and meaningful

pitiful /ˈpɪt.ɪ.fl̩/ adv
żałosny
so appalling or sad that one feels or should feel sorry for it

pitiless adj
bezlitosny niemiłosierny
having no pity

pitman /ˈpɪt.mən/ n
górnik
one who works in a pit

pittance /ˈpɪtəns/ n
ostatki resztki
small allowance of food and drink; a scanty meal

pituitary /pɪˈtjuːɪt(ə)ɹi/ n
przysadka
pituitary gland

pituitary gland n
przysadka mózgowa
endocrine gland

pity /ˈpɪti/ n
litość współczucie
feeling of sympathy
szkoda
something regrettable

pivot /ˈpɪvət/ n
rdzeń sworzeń trzpień
that on which something turns

pivotal /ˈpɪvətəl/ adj
kluczowe
being of crucial importance; central, key

pixel /ˈpɪksəl/ n
piksel
one of the tiny dots that make up the representation of an image in a computer's memory

pizza /ˈpitsə/ /ˈpiːt.sə/ n
pizza
baked Italian dish
a single instance of that dish

pizzeria /ˌpiːt.səˈɹiː.ə/ n
pizzeria
outlet that primarily sells pizza

pièce de résistance /piˈɛs də ɹəˈzɪs.tɑ̃z/ n
gwóźdź programu
masterpiece

place /pleɪs/ n
miejsce
location, position
somewhere to sit
plac miejsce
open space, courtyard, market square

placebo effect n
efekt placebo
tendency for a substance to exhibit results due to belief of the recipient

placenta /pləˈsɛntə/ n
łożysko
anatomy: placenta

placid /ˈplæs.ɪd/ adj
spokojny łagodny
calm and quiet; peaceful

plagiarism /ˈpleɪdʒəˌɹɪzm/ n
plagiat
act of plagiarizing or something plagiarized
copying of someone's ideas

plagiarist /ˈpleɪdʒəɹɪst/ n
plagiator plagiatorka
one who plagiarizes

plague /pleɪɡ/ n
dżuma
specific disease "the Plague"
mangina
widespread affliction, calamity

plaice /pleɪs/ n
gładzica

plain /pleɪn/ adj
prosty zwyczajny zwykły
ordinary; lacking adornment or ornamentation

plain /pleɪn/ n
równina
an expanse of land with relatively low relief

plain-winged antshrike n
chronka czarnoglowa
bird

plaintiff n
powód powódka
party bringing a suit in civil law against a defendant

plan /plæn/ [plɛən] n
plan
2-dimensional drawing from above
set of intended actions
schemat plan
technical drawing

plan /plæn/ [plɛən] v
planować
to create a plan for
to intend
projektować
to design

plan B n
plan B
alternative solution

plane /pleɪn/ adj
poziomy płaski równy
of a surface: flat or level.

plane /pleɪn/ n
poziom wymiar
level of existence
równia
level or flat surface
płaszczyzna
math: flat surface extending infinitely in all directions
hebel strug
a tool
samolot
airplane
platan
deciduous tree

plane /pleɪn/ v
heblować strugać
to smooth with a plane
szybować
to glide

planet /ˈplænət/ /ˈplænɪt/ n
planeta
each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky
rocky or gaseous spherical bodies orbiting the Sun
similar body in orbit around a star

planetarium /plænɪʔˈɛːɹɪəm/ n
planetarium
museum which displays images of space

planetary nebula n
mgławica planetarna
nebulosity

planetary system n
system planetarny układ planetarny
a group of various non-stellar objects orbiting a star or star system

planetoid n
planetoida
any of several larger astral bodies

planimeter n
planimetr
measuring device

planimetry n
planimetria
measurement of distances, angles and areas

plank /plæŋk/ n
deska
long, broad and thick piece of timber

plankton n
plankton
generic term for all the organisms that float in the sea

planned economy n
gospodarka nakazowo-rozdzielcza gospodarka planowa
economy in which government directly manages

planning permission /ˈplænɪŋ pəˈmɪʃən/ /ˈplænɪŋ pɚˈmɪʃən/ n
projekt budowlany
legal permission granted by a government authority to construct on one's land, or to change the use of the land

plant /plænt/ /plɑːnt/ [pleənt] n
roślina zielna
a small or herbaceous organism, rather than a tree
roślina
organism capable of photosynthesis
organism of the kingdom Plantae
ecology: multicellular eukaryote that includes chloroplasts in its cells

plant /plænt/ /plɑːnt/ [pleənt] v
sadzić zasadzić
place in soil or other substrate in order that it may live and grow

plantain /ˈplant(e)ɪn/ /ˈplæn.teɪn/ /ˈplæntɪn/ n
babka
small plant
banan rajski banan właściwy banan zwyczajny figa błogosławiona figa rajska muza
fruit

plantation /plænˈteɪʃən/ n
plantacja
large farm

plaque /plak/ /plaːk/ /plæk/ /plɑːk/ n
płyta tablica
flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament

plasma /ˈplæzmə/ n
plazma osocze
component of blood
plazma
high energy state of matter

plasmon /ˈplazmɒn/ n
plazmon
quanta of waves

plaster /ˈplastə/ /ˈplæstɚ/ /ˈplɑːstə/ n
gips
mixture for coating
healing paste

plasterer n
tynkarz
a person who plasters walls

plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n
plastyk plastik
synthetic thermoplastic polymer

plastic art n
sztuka plastyczna
three-dimensional art form

plasticine n
plastelina
modeling clay

plasticity n
plastyczność
property of a solid body

plasticizer /ˈplæs.tɪ.saɪ.zə/ n
plastifikator zmiękczacz
substance added for pliability in plastics

plate /pleɪt/ n
tabliczka znamionowa
VIN plate
talerz
flat dish
tablica rejestracyjna
vehicle license plate

plateau /plæˈtoʊ/ /ˈplætəʊ/ n
płaskowyż plateau
level expanse

platform /ˈplætfɔɹm/ /ˈplætfɔːm/ n
peron platforma
travel: raised structure for passengers

platform game n
gra platformowa platformówka
A video game characterized by jumping to and from suspended platforms or over obstacles

platinum /ˈplæt.nəm/ /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/ adj
platynowa platynowy
musical recording

platinum /ˈplæt.nəm/ /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/ n
platyna
metal

platonic /pləˈtɒnɪk/ /pləˈtɔnɪk/ adj
platoniczny
not sexual in nature

platonic love n
miłość platoniczna
intimate but non-sexual affection

platoon /pləˈtuːn/ n
pluton
unit of 30-40 soldiers

platypus /ˈplætɪpəs/ /ˈplætɪˌpʊs/ n
dziobak
Ornithorhynchus anatinus

plausible /ˈplɔːz.ɪ.bəl/ adj
do przyjęcia
likely, acceptable
chwalebny godny pochwały
worthy of being applauded

play /pleɪ/ n
gra
individual's performance in a sport
zabawa
playful activity
sztuka
theatrical performance
literary composition intended to be represented

play /pleɪ/ v
bawić się grać
act in a manner such that one has fun
grać występować
act in a performance
grać w grać
participate in (a sport or game)
grać
produce music using a musical instrument (intransitive sense, not affecting a noun)
grać muzykować
produce music using a musical instrument (transitive sense), affecting a noun
grać odtwarzać puścić
use a device to hear (a recording)

play by ear v
grać ze słuchu
play music guided by one's musical ear

play truant v
wagarować
be absent from school without permission

play with fire v
bawić się zapałkami igrać z ogniem
put oneself in a precarious situation

playability n
grywalność
overall quality of a gameplay
property of being playable

playboy /ˈpleɪbɔɪ/ /ˈpleɪˌbɔɪ/ n
playboy
man who devotes himself to pleasure

player /ˈpleɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈpleɪɚ/ n
aktor aktorka
dramatic actor
odtwarzacz gracz
electronic device
software application
muzyk gracz
one who plays a musical instrument
gracz zawodnik
one who plays any game or sport

playful /ˈpleɪfəl/ adj
żartobliwy
funny, humorous, jesting, frolicsome

playground /ˈpleɪɡɹaʊnd/ n
plac zabaw
large open space to play on, usually for children
small area for children

playing card n
karta karta do gry
one of usually 52 rectangular pieces of card

playlist /ˈpleɪˌlɪst/ n
lista odtwarzania playlista
computing

playwright /ˈpleɪˌɹaɪt/ n
dramatopisarz dramaturg
writer of plays for the theatre

plaza /ˈplɑːzə/ n
plac
a towns' public square

pleach /plitʃ/ /pliːtʃ/ n
plecenie
act or result of interweaving
plecionka
hedge or lattice created by interweaving the branches of shrubs, trees, etc.

pleach /plitʃ/ /pliːtʃ/ v
pleść
to unite by interweaving

plead /plɛd/ /ˈpliːd/ /ˈpliːdəd/ v
błagać
to beg

pleasant /ˈplɛzənt/ adj
przyjemny
giving pleasure; pleasing in manner

pleasantly /ˈplɛzəntli/ adv
miło
in a pleasant manner

please /pliz/ /pliːz/ adv
błagam błagam cię proszę cię
expression of annoyance or impatience
proszę
interjection to make a polite request

please /pliz/ /pliːz/ v
zadowalać uszczęśliwiać
to make happy or satisfy

please help me phraseologicalUnit
proszę pomóż mi
please help me

please pass the salt phraseologicalUnit
proszę, podaj sól
please pass the salt

please repeat after me phraseologicalUnit
proszę powtarzać za mną
phrase

please say that again phraseologicalUnit
Mogłabyś powtórzyć? Mógłbyś powtórzyć? Przepraszam, mogłaby pani powtórzyć? Przepraszam, mógłby pan powtórzyć?
please say that again

please sit down phraseologicalUnit
proszę usiąść
please sit down

please speak more slowly phraseologicalUnit
proszę mówić wolniej
please speak more slowly

please turn left phraseologicalUnit
proszę skręcić w lewo
please turn left

please turn right phraseologicalUnit
proszę skręcić w prawo
please turn right

pleased to meet you phraseologicalUnit
miło mi Pana poznać miło mi Panią poznać miło mi Państwa poznać miło mi cię poznać miło mi was poznać
polite formula used when being introduced to somebody

pleasing /ˈplizɪŋ/ /ˈpliːzɪŋ/ adj
miły przyjemny
giving pleasure

pleasing fungus beetle /ˈplizɪŋ ˈfʌŋɡəs ˈbitl̩/ /ˈpliːzɪŋ ˈfʌŋɡəs ˈbiːtəl/ n
zadrzewkowate
beetle of the family Erotylidae

pleasurable adj
przyjemny
that gives pleasure

pleasure /ˈplɛʒə/ /ˈplɛʒɚ/ n
przyjemność
a state of being pleased

plebiscite /ˈplɛbɨsaɪt/ /ˈplɛbɨsɪt/ n
plebiscyt
A referendum, especially one that concerns changes in sovereignty

plebs /plɛbz/ n
plebs
The common people

plectrum /ˈplɛk.tɹəm/ n
plektron kostka
music: small piece for plucking strings

pledge /plɛdʒ/ n
depozyt kaucja zastaw
security to payment
obietnica
solemn promise

pledge /plɛdʒ/ v
złożyć zastaw
to deposit something as a security; to pawn
obiecać
to make a solemn promise

plenary /ˈpliːnəɹi/ adj
plenarny walny
fully attended

plenipotentiary /plɛn.ɪ.poʊˈtɛn.ʃ(i)əɹ.i/ /ˌplɛn.ɪ.pəʊˈtɛn.ʃəɹ.i/ adj
pełnomocny
invested with full power
of or relating to a plenipotentiary

plenipotentiary /plɛn.ɪ.poʊˈtɛn.ʃ(i)əɹ.i/ /ˌplɛn.ɪ.pəʊˈtɛn.ʃəɹ.i/ n
pełnomocnik ambasador
person invested with supreme authority

pleonasm /ˈpliːənæzəm/ n
pleonazm
redundancy in wording
phrase involving pleonasm

pleonastic adj
pleonastyczny pleonazmiczny
of, or relating to pleonasm

pleophony n
pełnogłos
disyllabic reflex in East Slavic languages

pleura n
opłucna
serous membrane that covers the lungs and thorax

pliable /ˈplaɪəbəl/ adj
gibki giętki
easily bent or formed

plicate /plɪˈkeɪt/ /ˈplaɪkət/ adj
składany
folded

plicate /plɪˈkeɪt/ /ˈplaɪkət/ v
składać
biology: to fold

pliers /ˈplaɪ.ə(ɹ)z/ n
cęgi szczypce cążki kombinerki
gripping tool which multiplies the strength of the user's hand

plight /plaɪt/ n
kłopoty tarapaty
unfortunate situation

plonk /plɑŋk/ /plɒŋk/ n
sikacz
cheap or inferior wine

plot /plɑt/ /plɒt/ n
działka
area of land used for building on or planting on
fabuła sjużet
course of a story
wykres
graph or diagram
spisek
secret plan to achieve an end

plotter n
intrygant spiskowiec
person

plough /plaʊ/ n
Wielka Niedźwiedzica
alternative name for Ursa Major
pług
device pulled through the ground

plough /plaʊ/ v
orać
to use a plough on to prepare for planting
to use a plough

plover /ˈplʌvə/ /ˈplʌvɚ/ n
siewka
wading bird of the family Charadriidae

plower n
oracz
one who plows

plowman /ˈplaʊ.mən/ n
oracz
male plower

plowshare n
lemiesz
cutting edge of a plow

ploy n
chwyt
strategy, tactic

pluck /plʌk/ n
hart ducha odwaga
nerve, fortitude, persistence
podroby
offal from the trunk of an animal

pluck /plʌk/ v
brzdęknąć
music: to gently play a single string
wyszarpnąć zbierać zebrać
to pull something sharply; to pull something out
oskubać skubać
to remove feathers from a bird
grabić obrabować ograbić rabować
to rob, steal forcibly

plucky /ˈplʌki/ adj
dzielny
having or showing pluck

plug /plʌɡ/ n
wtyczka
electric connecting device
zatyczka
hole filler

plug-in /ˈplʌɡɪn/ n
plugin wtyczka
computer add-on

plum /plʌm/ n
śliwka śliwa
fruit of Prunus domestica
śliwa
tree

plum blossom n
kwiat śliwy
the blossom of the Prunus mume

plumage /ˈpluːmɪdʒ/ n
pierze
collection of feathers covering a bird’s body

plumbago n
ołownica
leadwort

plumber /ˈplʌmə/ n
hydraulik
one who fits, etc, pipes for water, gas or drainage

plumbism n
ołowica
lead poisoning

plummet /ˈplʌm.ət/ n
ciężarek pion
lead on a line, plumb bob, plummet line

plummet /ˈplʌm.ət/ v
gwałtownie spadać runąć
to drop swiftly, in a direct manner; to fall quickly

plunder /ˈplʌndə(ɹ)/ v
plądrować grabić obrabować obłupić ograbić rabować
to take all the goods of, by force (as in war) (transitive)

pluperfect tense n
czas zaprzeszły
tense

plural /ˈplʊə.ɹəl/ adj
mnogi liczba mnoga
more than one

plural /ˈplʊə.ɹəl/ n
liczba mnoga
word in plural form
the plural number

pluralist n
pluralista
advocate of pluralism

pluralistic adj
pluralistyczny
characteristic of pluralism

pluriennial adj
wieloletni
lasting a few years

plus /plʌs/ n
plus
useful addition

plus /plʌs/ preposition
plus dodać
arithmetic: sum

plus sign n
plus
mathematical symbol

plush /plʌʃ/ n
plusz
textile fabric

plush toy n
pluszowa zabawka
soft toy with a plush covering

plutocracy /pluːˈtɑːkɹəsi/ /pluːˈtɒkɹəsi/ n
plutokracja
government by the wealthy

plutonium /pluːˈtoʊniəm/ n
pluton
chemical element

ply /plaɪ/ n
warstwa
layer of material

plywood n
sklejka dykta
construction material

pneumatic /n(j)ʊˈmæ.tɪk/ adj
pneumatyczny
of or relating to air or other gases
of or relating to pneumatics
powered by, or filled with compressed air

pneumoconiosis n
pylica płuc
disease of the lungs

pneumology /ˈnjuːmɑlədʒɪ/ n
pneumonologia
the study of the respiratory system and organs

pneumonia /njuˈməʊniə/ /nuˈmoʊniə/ n
zapalenie płuc
inflammation of the lungs

poaching n
kłusownictwo
trespassing in search of game

pocket /ˈpɑkɪt/ /ˈpɒkɪt/ adj
kieszonkowy
of a size suitable for putting into a pocket

pocket /ˈpɑkɪt/ /ˈpɒkɪt/ n
kieszeń
bag stitched to an item of clothing
enclosed volume of one substance surrounded by another

pocket money n
kieszonkowe
money given to a child

pocketknife n
scyzoryk
small knife whose blades or tools can fold in its handle

pococurante /ˌpoʊ.koʊ.kjuːˈɹɑːn.ti/ /ˌpəʊ.kəʊ.kjʊəˈɹæn.ti/ adj
niedbały obojętny
apathetic

podcast n
podcast
podcast

podium /ˈpəʊ.dɪi.ʌm/ n
podium
sports: steepled platform
platform
sports: result amongst the best three
mównica
stand used to hold notes when speaking publicly

poem /ˈpoʊ̯əm/ /ˈpoʊ̯ɪm/ /ˈpəʊ̯ɪm/ n
wiersz poemat
literary piece written in verse
piece of poetic writing
wiersz poezja
piece of writing in the tradition of poetry

poet /ˈpoʊət/ /ˈpəʊɪt/ n
poeta poetka
person who writes poems

poetaster n
wierszokleta
unskilled poet

poetess n
poetka
female poet

poetic /poʊˈɛtɪk/ adj
poetycki
relating to poetry
characteristic of poets

poetically adv
poetycko
in a poetic manner

poetry /ˈpoʊətɹi/ /ˈpəʊɪtɹi/ n
poezja
literature composed in verse

pogrom /pəˈɡɹoʊm/ /ˈpoʊɡɹəm/ /ˈpɒɡɹəm/ n
pogrom
riot with the intent to massacre or terrorize a certain group, usually Jews

poignant /ˈpɔɪ.nənt/ /ˈpɔɪn.jənt/ adj
wzruszający
evoking strong mental sensation
ostry
incisive; penetrating
piquant; pungent
sharp-pointed; keen
cięty
neat; eloquent; applicable; relevant

poikilothermic adj
zmiennocieplny
capable of maintaining constant body temperature

poinsettia /ˌpɔɪnˈsɛ.tɪə/ /ˌpɔɪnˈsɛ.ɾ(i)ə/ n
poinsecja gwiazda betlejemska wilczomlecz piękny poinsecja nadobna wilczomlecz nadobny
plant

point /pɔɪnt/ n
przecinek
arithmetic: decimal point (note: many languages use a comma (',') rather than a dot as a decimal point, and hence the translations into these languages reflect this.)
punkt kropka
geometry: zero-dimensional object
punkt
location or place
unit of scoring in a game or competition
typography: unit of size
punkt widzenia racja
opinion which adds to the discussion
chwila moment
particular moment in an event or occurrence
cypel
peninsula
czubek ostrze szpic
sharp tip

point /pɔɪnt/ v
kierować
direct
wskazywać wskazać
to extend finger

point of view n
punkt widzenia
position from which something is seen; outlook; standpoint

point out v
wskazać wskazywać
identify with a bodily gesture

pointer /ˈpɔɪntə/ n
wskaźnik
anything that points or is used for pointing
computer programming: variable that stores the address of another variable
wyżeł
dog
wskazówka
of a timepiece or measuring device

pointless /ˈpɔɪntləs/ adj
bezsensowny bez sensu
having no purpose

pointsman n
zwrotniczy
a man in charge of railroad points or switches

pointy adj
spiczasty szpiczasty
pointed in shape

poison /ˈpɔɪz(ə)n/ n
trucizna jad
substance harmful to a living organism

poison /ˈpɔɪz(ə)n/ v
otruć truć zatruwać
to use poison to kill or paralyse

poisoned chalice n
niedźwiedzia przysługa
scheme or instrument

poisoner n
truciciel trucicielka
person who poisons something or someone

poisoning n
zatrucie
state of being poisoned
administration of a poison

poisonous /ˈpɔɪzənəs/ adj
trujący
containing sufficient poison to be dangerous

poke /poʊk/ /pəʊk/ v
dźgnąć
to jab with an object such as a finger or a stick

poker /ˈpoʊkɚ/ /ˈpəʊkə/ n
ożóg pogrzebacz
metal rod for poking
poker
card game

poky adj
ciasny
small and cramped

polar /ˈpoʊ̯lɚ/ /ˈpəʊ̯lə(ɹ)/ adj
polarny
relating to a geographic pole

polar bear n
niedźwiedź polarny niedźwiedź biały
Ursus maritimus

polar cap n
polarna czapa lodowa
high-latitude region covered by ice

polar circle n
koło podbiegunowe krąg polarny
either of the two parallels of the Earth

polar willow /ˈpoʊ̯lɚ ˈwɪloʊ/ /ˈpəʊ̯lə(ɹ) ˈwɪl.əʊ/ n
wierzba polarna
Salix polaris

pole /poʊl/ /pɔːl/ /pəʊl/ [pʰoʊ̯ɫ] n
pręt drąg
long and slender object for construction or support
wędzisko
type of fishing rod
pręt
unit of length
biegun
magnetic point
extreme of an axis
contact on an electrical device
isolated point of a meromorphic function (complex analysis)

pole star n
Gwiazda Polarna
the star

pole vault n
skok o tyczce
jumping event where an athlete vaults over a high bar with the aid of a pole

pole vaulter n
tyczkarka tyczkarz
athlete who competes in the pole vault

polecat /ˈpəʊlkæt/ n
tchórz
Mustela putorius

polemic /pəˈlɛmɪk/ n
polemika
argument or controversy

polemology /ˌpɑləˈmɑlədʒi/ /ˌpɒləˈmɒlədʒi/ n
polemologia
study of human conflict and war

police /ˈpliːs/ /ˈpoʊ.liːs/ [pə̆ˈliˑs] n
policja
an organisation that enforces the law

police car n
radiowóz
automobile used by a police officer

police dog n
pies policyjny
trained dog for police work

police officer n
policjantka policjant
an officer in a law enforcement agency

police state n
państwo policyjne
nation whose government controls people by police

police station n
komisariat komenda policji komisariat policji
building of police force

policeman /pəˈliːsmən/ n
policjant
a member of a police force

policewoman n
policjantka
a female police officer

policy /ˈpɑləsi/ /ˈpɒləsi/ n
polityka
principle of conduct
polisa
law: insurance document

policymaker n
decydent
one involved in the formulation of policies

poliomyelitis /ˌpɒlɪəʊmaɪəˈlaɪtɪs/ n
choroba Heinego-Medina
infection by the poliovirus

polis /ˈpɒ.lɪs/ n
polis
a city or city-state

polish /ˈpɑlɪʃ/ /ˈpɒlɪʃ/ n
połysk
cleanliness; smoothness; shininess
pasta do polerowania
substance used to polish

polish /ˈpɑlɪʃ/ /ˈpɒlɪʃ/ v
polerować wygładzać
make a surface smooth or shiny
szlifować
to refine; improve imperfections from

politburo /ˈpɒlɪtˌbjʊəɹəʊ/ n
politbiuro Biuro Polityczne
the governing Communist council

polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj
grzeczny uprzejmy
well-mannered

political /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/ adj
polityczny
concerning or relating to politics
motivated by political calculation
of or relating to views about social relationships that involve power or authority

political correctness n
poprawność polityczna
being politically correct

political party n
partia
political organization

political prisoner n
więzień polityczny
person

political science n
politologia
study of politics

politically correct adj
poprawny politycznie
avoiding offense, selectively

politician /pɑl.ɪˈtɪʃ.ən/ /ˈpɒl.ɪ.tɪʃ.ən/ n
polityk
one engaged in politics

politics /ˈpɑl.ɪˌtɪks/ /ˈpɒl.ɪ.tɪks/ v
polityka
a methodology and activities associated with running a government

polka /ˈpoʊ(l)kə/ /ˈpɒl.kə/ n
polka
dance
music for this dance

polka dot /ˈpoʊ.kə ˌdɑt/ /ˈpɒl.kə ˌdɒt/ n
grochy
uniform round dots forming a pattern on fabric

poll /poʊl/ /pɔl/ /pəʊl/ n
ankieta
an election or a survey of a particular group

pollen /ˈpɑlən/ /ˈpɒlən/ n
pyłek
fine granular substance produced in flowers

polling station n
lokal wyborczy
place where voters go to cast their ballot

pollute v
skazić
to make something harmful

pollution /pəˈl(j)uːʃn̩/ n
zanieczyszczenie
the contamination of the environment by harmful substances
something that pollutes; pollutant

polo /ˈpoʊloʊ/ /ˈpəʊləʊ/ n
polo
ball game

polo shirt n
koszulka polo
casual top

polo-neck n
golf
a high collar covering the neck; a turtleneck

polonaise n
polonez
dance
music for this dance

polonium /pəˈloʊni.əm/ /pəˈləʊni.əm/ n
polon
chemical element

poltergeist /ˈpoʊl.tɚˌɡaɪst/ /ˈpɒl.tə.ɡaɪst/ n
poltergeist
a disruptive ghost

poltroon /pɑlˈtɹun/ /pɒlˈtɹuːn/ n
tchórz
an ignoble or arrant coward

poly- /ˈpɑli/ /ˈpɒlɪ/ prefix
poli-
many

polyamory /ˌpɒliˈæm(ə)ɹi/ n
poliamoria
practices involving relationships with multiple partners

polyandry n
poliandria
plurality of husbands at the same time

polychete n
wieloszczet
annelids of the class Polychaeta

polychrome adj
polichromia

polyclinic n
poliklinika przychodnia
a clinic in which diseases of many sorts are treated

polyester n
poliester
polymer

polyethylene n
polietylen
polyethylene

polygamist /pəˈlɪɡəmɪst/ n
poligamista
one who practices polygamy

polygamy /pəˈlɪɡəmi/ n
poligamia wielożeństwo
the having of a plurality of socially bonded sexual partners at the same time
poligamia
zoology: the state or habit of having more than one mate

polyglot /ˈpɒliːɡlɒt/ adj
wielojęzyczny kilkujęzyczny kilkujęzykowy różnojęzyczny różnojęzykowy wielojęzykowy
Versed in, or speaking, many languages

polyglot /ˈpɒliːɡlɒt/ n
poliglota
one who masters, notably speaks, several languages
publication containing several versions of the same

polygon /ˈpɑliɡɑn/ /ˈpɒlɪɡən/ n
wielokąt wielobok
plane figure bounded by straight edges

polygynous /pəˈlɪdʒɪnəs/ adj
poligynia
plurality of wives at the same time

polygyny /pəˈlɪdʒɪnɪ/ n
poligynia
plurality of wives at the same time

polyhedral adj
wielościenny
(geometry) having multiple planar faces or facets

polyhedron /pɒliˈhiːdɹən/ n
wielościan
geometry: solid figure

polymath /ˈpɑliˌmæθ/ /ˈpɒlɪmæθ/ n
polihistor uczony człowiek renesansu encyklopedysta polimat
person with extraordinarily broad and comprehensive knowledge

polymer /ˈpɑ.lɪ.mɚ/ /ˈpɒl.ɨ.mə/ n
polimer
molecule

polymorphism /pɑliˈmɔɹfɪz(ə)m/ /pɒlɪˈmɔːfɪz(ə)m/ n
polimorfizm
ability to assume different forms or shapes
biology: coexistence of two or more distinct forms independent of sex
computer science: feature of object-oriented programming
crystallography: ability of a material to exist in more than one form

polynomial adj
wielomianowy
in algebra

polynomial n
wielomian
algebraic expression

polynya /pə(ʊ)ˈlɪnjə/ /pəˈlɪnjə/ n
połynia płoń
area of open water surrounded by sea ice

polyphonic adj
polifoniczny
of or relating to polyphony

polypody /ˈpɒlɪpəʊdi/ n
paprotka
any fern of the genus Polypodium

polypropylene n
polipropylen
resin

polyptych /ˈpɒlɪptɪk/ n
poliptyk
a work consisting of multiple painted or carved panels joined together

polysaccharide n
polisacharyd
complex carbohydrate

polysemic /pɒ.lɪ.ˈsiː.mɪk/ adj
polisemiczny wieloznaczny
having a number of meanings, interpretations or understandings

polysemous /pəˈlɪs.ɪ.məs/ /ˌpɑːl.iˈsiː.məs/ adj
polisemiczny wieloznaczny
having multiple meanings

polysemy /ˈpɒ.lɪ.siː.mi/ n
polisemia wieloznaczność
ability to have multiple meanings

polysomy n
polisomia

polysyllabic /ˌpɑ.li.sɪˈlæ.bɪk/ /ˌpɒ.lɪ.sɪˈlæ.bɪk/ /ˌpɔ.lɪ.sɪˈlæ.bɪk/ adj
wielosylabowy
having more than one syllable

polysynthetic /ˌpɒlisɪnˈθɛtɪk/ adj
polisyntetyczny
polysynthetic

polytechnic n
politechnika
educational institute

polytheism /pɒl.ɪˈθiː.ɪz.əm/ n
politeizm wielobóstwo
belief in the existence of many gods

polytheist n
politeista
believer in polytheism

polytope n
wielotop
geometric shape

polyuria n
poliuria wielomocz
production of an abnormally large amount of urine

pomegranate /ˈpɑm.ɪˌɡɹæn.ɪt/ /ˈpɒm.ɪˌɡɹæn.ɪt/ n
granat
fruit
granatowiec granat
shrub/tree

pomelo /ˈpɑməloʊ/ /ˈpɒmɪləʊ/ n
pomarańcza olbrzymia pomelo
large fruit of the C. maxima or grandis

pommel horse n
koń kozioł
gymnastic apparatus

pompon n
pompon
puff or ball as for decoration for cheerleading

pond /pɑnd/ /pɒnd/ n
staw
small lake

ponder /ˈpɒn.də(ɹ)/ v
dumać rozważać
to think deeply

pons /pɒnz/ n
most
Part of brain

pontificate /pɑːnˈtɪfɪkeɪt/ /pɑːnˈtɪfɪkət/ /pɒnˈtɪfɪkeɪt/ /pɒnˈtɪfɪkət/ n
pontyfikat
state of a pontifex

pontoon bridge n
most pontonowy
a temporary bridge built over floating pontoons

pony /ˈpoʊni/ /ˈpəʊni/ n
kuc
small horse

poo /pu/ /puː/ n
gówno kał kupa

poo /pu/ /puː/ v
robić kupę załatwiać się

pooch n
kundel
mongrel

pood n
pud
Russian unit of mass

poodle /ˈpuː.dəl/ n
pudel
any of various breeds of poodle

poof /puːf/ /pʊf/ v
znikać
to vanish

pool /pul/ /puːl/ [pʰuɫ] n
basen
body of water
kałuża
small body of standing or stagnant water; a puddle

pool /pul/ /puːl/ [pʰuɫ] v
zsumować
to put together

poop deck n
achterdek
stern deck on top of the cabin(s)

poor /poː/ /puɹ/ /pʊə(ɹ)/ /pʊɹ/ adj
nędzny
of low quality
biedny
used to express pity
biedny ubogi
with little or no possessions or money

poor /poː/ /puɹ/ /pʊə(ɹ)/ /pʊɹ/ n
biedacy nędznicy
those with no possessions

pop music n
muzyka pop pop-music
music intended for or accepted by a wide audience

pop-up n
wyskakujące okienko
advertisement that pops up when one accesses an Internet page

popcorn /ˈpɑp.kɔɹn/ /ˈpɒp.kɔː(ɹ)n/ /ˈpʌp.kɔɹn/ n
popcorn prażona kukurydza
a snack food made from corn kernels popped by dry heating

pope /poʊp/ /pəʊp/ n
papież
head of the Roman Catholic Church
pop
Russian Orthodox priest

poplar /ˈpɒplə(ɹ)/ n
topola
any of various deciduous trees of the genus Populus

poppy /ˈpɑpi/ /ˈpɒpi/ n
szkarłat
colour
mak
plant

poppycock n
bzdury
nonsense

poppyhead n
makowica makówka
head of a poppy

popular /ˈpɑpjələɹ/ /ˈpɒpjʊlə/ adj
popularny
liked by many people
aimed at the general public
powszechny
of or pertaining to the common people

popular science n
popularnonaukowy
of, or having to do with popular science

popularity /ˌpɒp.jəˈlæɹ.ɪ.ti/ n
popularność
the quality or state of being popular

popularizer n
popularyzator
one who popularizes something

population /pɒpjuːˈleɪʃən/ /ˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃən/ n
ludność
all people living within a political or geographical boundary
biology: collection of organisms
statistics: greater group of units from which a sample can be drawn

population density n
gęstość zaludnienia
average number of people per area

populism n
populizm
a political doctrine or philosophy

populous /ˈpɑpjələs/ /ˈpɒpjʊləs/ adj
ludny
having a large population

porcelain /ˈpoːslɘn/ /ˈpɔɹ.sə.lɪn/ /ˈpɔː.sə.lɪn/ n
porcelana
hard white translucent ceramic
items (esp. dishware or objets d'art) made of porcelain

porch /po(ː)ɹtʃ/ /poətʃ/ /pɔɹtʃ/ /pɔːtʃ/ n
ganek przedsionek
a covered and enclosed entrance to a building

porcine /ˈpoʊɹ.saɪn/ /ˈpoʊɹ.sin/ /ˈpoʊɹ.sɪn/ adj
wieprzowy świński
of or pertaining to the pig

porcini /pɔːɹˈtʃiː.ni/ /pɔːˈtʃiː.ni/ n
borowik borowik szlachetny prawdziwek
mushroom, Boletus edulis

porcupine /ˈpɔː(ɹ)kjʊˌpaɪn/ n
jeżozwierz
large rodent

pore /po(ː)ɹ/ /poə/ /pɔɹ/ /pɔː/ n
por
a tiny opening in the skin

pork /po(ː)ɹk/ /poək/ /pɔɹk/ /pɔːk/ n
wieprzowina
meat of a pig

pork loin n
schab
cut of pig meat

pork rind n
skwarki
food made from pork skin

pornocracy /pɔˈnɑkɹəsi/ /pɔːˈnɒkɹəsɪ/ n
pornokracja
government by, or dominated by, prostitutes or corrupt persons

pornocracy /pɔˈnɑkɹəsi/ /pɔːˈnɒkɹəsɪ/ pn
pornokracja
period of the papacy known as the saeculum obscurum

pornographer n
pornograf
person involved in creation or dissemination of pornography

pornographic adj
pornograficzny
containing an explicit depiction of sexual activity

pornography /pɔɹˈnɑ.ɡɹə.fi/ /pɔː(ɹ)ˈnɒɡ.ɹə.fi/ n
pornografia
depiction of sexual subject matter with prurient intent

porosity n
porowatość
measure of how porous a material is
state of being porous

porpoise /ˈpɔːpəs/ /ˈpɔːɹpəs/ n
morświn
cetacean

porridge /ˈpɒɹɪdʒ/ /ˈpɔɹɪdʒ/ n
owsianka kasza
breakfast cereal dish

port /po(ː)ɹt/ /poət/ /pɔɹt/ /pɔːt/ adj
lewoburtowy
of or relating to port, the left-hand side of a vessel

port /po(ː)ɹt/ /poət/ /pɔɹt/ /pɔːt/ n
port
dock or harbour
bakburta lewa burta
left-hand side of a vessel when facing the front
port
computing: logical or physical construct into and from which data are transferred
porto portwajn
fortified wine

port /po(ː)ɹt/ /poət/ /pɔɹt/ /pɔːt/ v
konwertować
computing: to adapt a program so that it works on a different platform

port city n
miasto portowe
city built around a port

port of call n
port pośredni
any port being visited by a ship

port wine n
portwajn
A type of fortified wine traditionally made in Portugal

portable /ˈpɔɹtəbəl/ /ˈpɔː(ɹ)təbəl/ adj
przenośny
able to be carried or moved
running on multiple systems

portable toilet n
przenośna toaleta toi-toi
portable toilet

portal /ˈpɔːtəl/ /ˈpɔːɹtəl/ n
portal
entry point
website
grandiose entrance

portal vein n
żyła wrotna
particular vein

portcullis /pɔːtˈkʌlɪs/ n
brona
gate in the form of a grating

portentous adj
złowieszczy
ominous; portending evil

portentously /pɔːˈten.təs.li/ adv
pompatycznie
in a pompous manner
złowieszczo
in an ominous manner

porter /ˈpo(ː)ɹtɚ/ /ˈpoətə/ /ˈpɔɹtɚ/ /ˈpɔːtə/ n
bagażowy tragarz
person who carries luggage

porthole n
bulaj
circular window

portico /ˈpɔːtɪkəʊ/ n
portyk
small space with a roof supported by columns, serving as the entrance to a building

portion /ˈpoəɹʃən/ /ˈpɔɹʃən/ /ˈpɔːʃən/ n
porcja
allocated amount

portmanteau /pɔːtˈmæn.təʊ/ /pɔːɹtˈmæntoʊ/ n
waliza
case

portmanteau word n
kontaminacja skrzyżowanie wyrazów zbitka słowna zbitka wyrazowa
word which combines the meaning of two words

portrait /ˈpoətɹeɪt/ /ˈpoətɹɪt/ /ˈpoʊɹtɹeɪt/ /ˈpoʊɹtɹət/ /ˈpɔɹtɹeɪt/ /ˈpɔɹtɹət/ /ˈpɔːtɹeɪt/ /ˈpɔːtɹɪt/ n
portret
painting of a person
an accurate depiction of a person, a mood, etc.

portraitist n
portrecista portrecistka
one who makes portraits

portray /pɔɹˈtɹeɪ/ v
opisywać portretować
figuratively: to describe in words
portretować
to paint or draw the likeness of

posh /pɑʃ/ /pɒʃ/ adj
luksusowy
associated with the upper classes

position /pəˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ n
pozycja położenie
place, location
stanowisko posada
post of employment
pozycja
posture
place on a playing field
stanowisko
stand
miejsce pozycja
status or rank

positional notation n
system pozycyjny
a notation for numbers

positive /ˈpɑzɪ̈tɪv/ /ˈpɒzɪ̈tɪv/ adj
dodatni
mathematics: greater than zero
legal: formally laid down

positive degree n
stopień równy
that state of an adjective or adverb indicating simple quality, without comparison

positron /ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɹɑn/ /ˈpɒz.ɪ.tɹɒn/ n
pozyton
positron

possess /pəˈzɛs/ v
posiadać
to have; to have ownership of
opętać posiadać
to take control of someone's body or mind

possession /pəˈzɛʃən/ n
posiadłość
a territory under the rule of another country
posiadanie
ownership; taking, holding, keeping something as one's own
dobytek własność
something that is owned
opętanie
the state of being possessed by a spirit or demon

possessive /pəˈzɛsɪv/ adj
dzierżawczy
grammar: indicating possession

possessive pronoun n
zaimek dzierżawczy
pronoun which expresses possession

possibility /ˌpɑsɪˈbɪliti/ /ˌpɒsɪˈbɪliti/ n
możliwość
quality of being possible

possible /ˈpɑsəbl̩/ /ˈpɒsɪbl̩/ adj
możliwy
able but not certain to happen
capable of being done or achieved; feasible
being considered, e.g. for a position

post /poʊst/ /pəʊst/ n
słup
long dowel or plank protruding from the ground
post wiadomość wpis wypowiedź
individual message in a forum
poczta
method of delivering mail
posada
appointed position in an organization

post mortem adv
pośmiertny
occurring after death

post office n
poczta
place

post office box n
skrytka pocztowa
box hired as collection point for mail

post-Soviet adj
poradziecki postsowiecki
after the dissolution of the Soviet Union

post-traumatic stress disorder n
zespół stresu pourazowego
condition that develops following some stressful situation

post-war adj
powojenny
pertaining to a period following the end of a war

postage stamp n
znaczek znaczek pocztowy
piece of paper indicating postage has been paid

postal [ˈpoʊstl̩] [ˈpəʊstl̩] adj
pocztowy
relating to mail

postalveolar /ˌpoʊstælˈviələɹ/ /ˌpəʊstælviˈəʊlə(ɹ)/ adj
postalweolarny zadziąsłowy
articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge

postalveolar /ˌpoʊstælˈviələɹ/ /ˌpəʊstælviˈəʊlə(ɹ)/ n
spółgłoska postalweolarna spółgłoska zadziąsłowa
any sound articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge

postbellum adj
powojenny
of the period following a war

postcard /ˈpoʊstˌkɑɹd/ n
pocztówka karta pocztowa
rectangular piece of thick paper to be mailed without an envelope

postcode /ˈpəʊs(t)kəʊd/ n
kod pocztowy
sequence of letters and/or numbers added to a postal address

poster /ˈpoʊstɚ/ n
afisz plakat
advertisement
picture intended to be attached to a wall

posterior chamber n
komora tylna oka
space between iris and lens

posterity /pɒˈstɛɹɪti/ n
potomstwo
all the future generations

posthumous /ˈpɒs.tʃə.məs/ adj
pośmiertny
in reference to a work, published after the author's death
taking place after one's death

posthumously adv
pośmiertnie
after death

postmodernism /pəʊstˈmɑdɚnɪzəm/ n
postmodernizm
a style of art, literature, etc

postmodernist adj
postmodernistyczny
postmodern

postmodernist n
postmodernista postmodernistka
follower of postmodernism

postmodernity n
ponowoczesność
the state or condition of being postmodern

postnatal adj
poporodowy połogowy
of or pertaining to the period immediately after birth

postpartum adj
poporodowy
after giving birth

postpone /poʊstˈpoʊn/ v
odkładać odraczać odroczyć odłożyć
to delay or put off an event

postposition n
poimek
(grammar) words that come after the noun

postscript /ˈpoʊst.skɹɪpt/ n
dopisek post scriptum
addendum to a letter

postscriptum /ˌpəʊstˈskɹɪptəm/ n
post scriptum postscriptum
something written afterward

pot /pɑt/ /pɒt/ n
pula
money wagered
wereżka więcierz
trap for crabs and other seafood
garnek
vessel for cooking or storing food etc.
marihuana trawa zioło
marijuana

pot calling the kettle black /ˈpɑt ˈkɔliŋ ðə ˈkɛtl̩ ˈblæk/ /ˈpɒt ˈkɔːliŋ ðə ˈkɛtl̩ ˈblæk/ n
przyganiał kocioł garnkowi
situation in which somebody accuses someone else of a fault shared by the accuser

potable /ˈpoʊ.tə.b(ə)l/ /ˈpəʊ.tə.b(ə)l/ adj
pitny
good for drinking

potash /ˈpɒt.æʃ/ n
potaż
pot ash
potassium carbonate etc

potassium /pəˈtæsiəm/ n
potas
the chemical element

potassium hydroxide n
wodorotlenek potasu
potassium hydroxide

potato /pəˈteɪ.toʊ/ /pəˈteɪ.təʊ/ n
ziemniak kartofel pyra
plant tuber eaten as starchy vegetable

potato crisp n
czips
thin fried slice of potato

potato masher n
tłuczek do ziemniaków
utensil for mashing potatoes

potato pancake n
placek ziemniaczany
potato pancake

potato salad n
sałatka ziemniaczana sałatka ziemniaczana
salad made from chopped boiled potatoes

poteen /pəˈt(ʃ)iːn/ /pəˈtʃiːn/ n
poitín
illegally produced Irish whiskey

potency n
potencja
ability or capacity to perform
power
strength

potentate /ˈpoʊ.tən.teɪt/ /ˈpəʊ.tən.teɪt/ n
magnat potentat
a powerful leader

potential /pəˈtɛnʃəl/ adj
potencjalny
existing in possibility

potential /pəˈtɛnʃəl/ n
potencjał
currently unrealized ability
energy of a unit electrical charge

potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/ adv
potencjalnie
in a manner showing much potential; with the possibility of happening in a given way

potentiometer n
potencjometr
user-adjustable variable resistor

pothole n
wybój
a hole in a road

potion /pəʊ.ʃən/ /ˈpoʊ.ʃən/ n
mikstura napój leczniczy napój magiczny
small portion or dose of a liquid which is medicinal, poisonous, or magical

potter /ˈpɒtə/ n
garncarz garncarka
one who makes pots and ceramic wares

potter's wheel n
koło garncarskie
machine used by a potter

pottery /ˈpɑtəɹi/ /ˈpɒtəɹi/ n
ceramika
fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed
garncarstwo
practise or craft of making pottery

potty /ˈpɒti/ n
nocnik
children's chamberpot

pouch /paʊt͡ʃ/ n
sakiewka sakwa saszetka
small bag

poultry /ˈpoʊltɹi/ /ˈpɒltɹi/ n
drób
domestic fowl
fowl meat

pound /paʊnd/ n
funt
unit of currency
unit of mass (16 ounces avoirdupois)

pound /paʊnd/ v
walić
slang: to penetrate sexually, with vigour
to beat strongly or throb
walić walnąć
to strike hard repeatedly

pound sterling /paʊnd ˈstɜː(ɹ).lɪŋ/ n
funt szterling
currency of the UK

pour /po(ː)ɹ/ /poə/ /pɔɹ/ /pɔː/ v
lać
to cause to flow in a stream

pour down the drain v
wyrzucać w błoto wyrzucić w błoto
to waste prior work

pour out v
wylać wylewać wysypać
distribute or spread (something), as if it were a liquid

poverty /ˈpɑːvɚti/ /ˈpɒvəti/ n
bieda ubóstwo
quality or state of being poor

powder /ˈpaʊ.də(ɹ)/ n
proszek puder przysypka zasypka
fine particles of any dry substance

powder keg n
beczka prochu
volatile situation
barrel of gun powder

powdered sugar /ˈpaʊ.dəd ˈʃʊɡ.ə/ /ˈpaʊ.dɚd ˈʃʊɡ.ɚ/ n
cukier puder
very finely ground sugar used in icings, etc

power /paə/ /ˈpaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈpaʊə(ɹ)/ n
władza moc możność
capability or influence
władza
control, particularly legal or political
zasilanie
electricity, electricity supply
potęga mocarstwo
influential nation, company etc.
potęga
maths: product of equal factors
siła
physical force or strength
moc
physics: measure of the rate of doing work or transferring energy

power /paə/ /ˈpaʊ.ɚ/ /ˈpaʊə(ɹ)/ v
zasilać
to provide power for

power inverter n
falownik inwerter przetwornica
a device that converts DC electricity into AC

power of attorney /ˌpaʊə əv əˈtəːni/ n
pełnomocnictwo upoważnienie
authorisation
pełnomocnictwo
document

power set n
zbiór potęgowy
set of all subsets of a set

power station n
elektrownia
an industrial complex where electricity is produced

power supply n
zasilacz
part of apparatus

power tool n
elektronarzędzie
tool powered by an electric motor

powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/ /ˈpaʊɚfəl/ adj
mocny potężny
having or capable of exerting power, potency or influence

powerless adj
bezsilny
lacking sufficient power or strength

powers that be n
grupa trzymająca władzę
holders of power

practical /ˈpɹæktɪkəl/ adj
praktyczny
based on practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis
being likely to be effective and applicable to a real situation

practical joke n
figiel psikus
something done for amusement to the detriment of someone else

practicality n
praktyczność
state of being practical or feasible

practically /ˈpɹæktɪkli/ adv
praktycznie
In practice, in effect
niemal prawie że
almost completely

practice /ˈpɹæktɪs/ n
praktyka
actual operation or experiment, in contrast to theory
an ongoing pursuit of a craft or profession
nawyk
customary action, habit, or behaviour
ćwiczenie praktyka
repetition of an activity to improve skill

practice makes perfect proverb
ćwiczenie czyni mistrza trening czyni mistrza
if one practices an activity enough, one will eventually master it

practicum /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəm/ n
praktyka praktyka studencka
college course

practise /ˈpɹæktɪs/ v
praktykować
to perform or observe in a habitual fashion
praktykować zajmować się
to pursue (a career, especially law, fine art or medicine)
ćwiczyć
to repeat an activity as a way of improving one's skill
to perform or execute a craft or skill

praetor /ˈpɹiːtɔː/ n
pretor
Roman administrative official

pragmatic /pɹæɡˈmætɪk/ adj
pragmatyczny
practical

prairie dog n
nieświszczuk piesek preriowy
burrowing rodent

praise /pɹeɪz/ n
pochwała
commendation; favorable representation in words

praise /pɹeɪz/ v
chwalić pochwalić
to give praise to

pram /pɹæm/ /pɹɑːm/ n
wózek wózek dziecięcy
perambulator

prank /pɹæŋk/ n
figiel kawał
practical joke or mischievous trick

prankster n
kawalarz dowcipniś figlarz psotnik
one who performs pranks

praseodymium /ˌpɹeɪzioʊˈdɪmiəm/ n
prazeodym
chemical element

pratincole /ˈpɹætɪnˌkəʊl/ n
żwirowiec

prattle /ˈpɹætəl/ v
paplać
to talk incessantly; to babble

prawn /pɹoːn/ /pɹɒːn/ /pɹɔːn/ n
krewetka
large shrimp

pray /pɹeɪ/ v
błagać
to beg humbly for aid
modlić się
to petition a higher being
to talk to God

prayer /pɹɛə(ɹ)/ /pɹɛɚ/ /ˈpɹeɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹeɪəɹ/ n
pragnienie modlitwa
a request; a petition
modlitwa modły
practice of communicating with one's God
the act of praying
a meeting held for the express purpose of praying
modlitwa
the specific words or methods used for praying

prayer beads n
różaniec subha tasbih
string of beads

prayer book n
modlitewnik
book

praying mantis n
modliszka
any of various predatory insects of the Mantidae family

pre- prefix
przed
before

pre-Socratic /ˌpɹiːsɒˈkɹætɪk/ adj
przedsokratejski
related to the pre-Socratic philosophers

pre-ejaculate n
preejakulat
pre-ejaculate

pre-war adj
przedwojenny
Before a war

preach /pɹiːt͡ʃ/ v
głosić kazać
proclaim by public discourse

preach to the choir v
wyważać otwarte drzwi
speaking to those that already believe

preacher /ˈpɹit͡ʃɚ/ /ˈpɹiːt͡ʃə/ n
kaznodzieja
one who preaches

preamble /ˈpɹɪiˌæmbl̩/ n
preambuła
short statement or remark, especially an explanatory introduction to a formal document or statute

preaspiration /ˌpɹiːˌæspəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
przydech
period of voiceless breathing

precariously adv
niepewnie
in a precarious manner

precede /pɹəˈsiːd/ v
poprzedzać
go before, go in front of

precedent /pɹɪˈsiː.dənt/ /ˈpɹes.ə.dənt/ /ˈpɹɛs.ɪ.dənt/ n
precedens
past act used as example
prior judgment in law

precession n
precesja
astronomical term
physics term

precious /ˈpɹɛʃəs/ adj
cenny drogi drogocenny
of high value or worth

precious metal n
metal szlachetny kruszec
metallic element with high economic value

precipice /ˈpɹɛs.ə.pɪs/ /ˈpɹɛsɪpɪs/ n
przepaść
very steep cliff

precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃən/ n
opad atmosferyczny
weather: water falling from the atmosphere

precise /pɹɪˈsaɪs/ adj
dokładny precyzyjny
exact

precise /pɹɪˈsaɪs/ v
precyzować
exact

precisely /pɹɪˈsaɪsli/ adv
dokładnie precyzyjnie
in a precise manner

preclude /pɹɪˈkluːd/ v
wykluczyć wykluczać
rule out

precognition /ˌpɹiːkɒɡˈnɪʃn̩/ n
prekognicja
knowledge of something that is to occur in the future

precursor /ˈpɹiːˌkɜɹ.səɹ/ n
prekursor
chemical compound
forerunner, predecessor

predation n
drapieżnictwo
the preying of one animal on others

predator /ˈpɹe.də.təɹ/ n
drapieżnik
animal or organism that hunts

predecessor /ˈpɹiːdɪsɛsə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹiːdɪsɛsɚ/ /ˈpɹɛd.ə.sɛs.ɚ/ n
poprzednik
model or type which precedes
one who precedes

predicament /pɹɪˈdɪkəmənt/ n
kłopotliwa sytuacja
An unfortunate or trying position or condition.

predicate /ˈpɹɛdɪkət/ n
orzeczenie
(grammar) part of sentence that states something about its subject
predykat funkcja zdaniowa
(logic) a term of a statement, where the statement may be true or false

predicative /pɹɪˈdɪk.ə.tɪv/ n
orzecznik
element of the predicate of a sentence which supplements the subject or object by means of the verb

predict /pɹɪˈdɪkt/ v
przewidywać przewidzieć
to state, or make something known in advance

predictability n
przewidywalność
The characteristic of being predictable

predictable /pɹɪˈdɪktəbl̩/ adj
przewidywalny
able to be predicted

prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃn/ n
prognoza przepowiednia przewidywanie
a statement about the future

predisposition n
predyspozycja
the state of being predisposed

predominant adj
przeważający
common or widespread; prevalent
dominujący
significant or important; dominant

preeclampsia n
preeklampsja stan przedrzucawkowy
complication of pregnancy

preemie n
wcześniak
Premature baby

preemption /priːˈɛmpʃən/ n
wywłaszczenie
computing: temporary interruption of a process

preface /ˈpɹɛfəs/ n
przedmowa wstęp
introduction before the main text

prefecture /ˈpɹiˌfɛk(t)ʃəɹ/ /ˈpɹiːfɛktʃə/ n
prefektura
The district governed by a prefect

prefer /pɹɪˈfɜː/ /pɹɪˈfɝ/ v
woleć preferować
to favor

preferable /pɹəˈfɜːɹəb(ə)l/ /ˈpɹɛf(ə)ɹəb(ə)l/ adj
bardziej odpowiedni lepszy odpowiedniejszy
Better than some other option

preferably /ˈpɹɛfɹəˌbli/ adv
chętniej
in preference

preferences n
preferencje
user-specified settings of parameters in computer software

prefix /ˈpɹiːfɪks/ n
przedrostek prefiks
morpheme at the beginning of a word

pregnancy n
ciąża brzemienność
condition

pregnant /ˈpɹɛɡnənt/ adj
ciężarny
carrying developing offspring within the body

prehensile /pɹiˈhɛnsəl/ /pɹɪˈhɛn.saɪl/ adj
chwytny
able to take hold of objects

prehistoric adj
prehistoryczny
of relating to the epoch before written record

prehistory n
prehistoria
study of events and conditions before written records
history of events leaving up to something

preimage n
przeciwobraz
set of all elements that map into a given subset of the codomain of a function

prejudge v
przesądzać przesądzić
form a judgement in advance

prejudice /ˈpɹɛd͡ʒədɪs/ n
uprzedzenie
adverse judgement formed beforehand
any preconceived opinion

prejudiced adj
uprzedzone uprzedzony
having prejudices

prelate /ˈpɹɛlət/ n
prałat
clergyman

preliminary /pɹɪˈlɪmɪnəɹi/ /pɹɪˈlɪmɪnɛɹi/ adj
wstępny
in preparation for the main matter

premarital adj
przedmałżeński
before one’s marriage

premature /ˌpɹi.məˈtʊɹ/ /ˌpɹɛ.məˈtjʊə/ adj
przedwczesny
occurring before a state of readiness or maturity

premature birth n
wcześniactwo
childbirth occurring earlier than 37 completed weeks of gestation

prematurely adv
przedwcześnie
in a premature manner

premenstrual /pɹiˈmɛnztɹ(əw)əl/ /ˌpɹiːˈmɛnstɹʊəl/ adj
przedmiesiączkowy
occurring in the time period during the menstrual cycle

premiere /pɹəˈmɪɚ/ /ˈpɹɛmjɛə/ n
premiera
first showing of a film, play or other form of entertainment

premise /ˈpɹɛ.mɪs/ n
przesłanka
either of the first two propositions of a syllogism, from which the conclusion is deduced
proposition antecedently supposed or proved
nieruchomość parcela
piece of real estate

premium /ˈpɹimiəm/ n
premia
a bonus paid in addition to normal payments
nagroda
a prize or award
składka
the amount to be paid for an insurance policy

premolar n
przedtrzonowiec
tooth

premonition n
przeczucie
strong intuition

prenatal adj
prenatalny
being or happening before birth

prenuptial agreement n
intercyza
document stating legal claims upon a divorce

preoccupied adj
zafrapowany zamyślony zaniepokojony zatroskany zmartwiony
concerned with something else, distracted

preorder n
praporządek
binary relation

preorder v
preorderować
to order in advance

prepaid /pɹiːˈpeɪd/ adj
przedpłacony
paid for in advance

preparation /pɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
preparat
substance

prepare /pɹɪˈpɛə/ /pɹɪˈpɛəɹ/ v
przygotować przygotowywać
to make ready for a specific future purpose

prepayment n
przedpłata
payment in advance

prepone v
przesunąć na wcześniejszy termin przyspieszyć
to reschedule to an earlier time

preposition /ˈpɹiːpəˌzɪʃən/ /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ n
przyimek
grammar: a type of word like "of, from, for, by"

prepositional article n
przyimek ściągnięty
contraction of a preposition and an article

prepositional phrase n
wyrażenie przyimkowe
phrase containing both a preposition and its complement

presbyopia n
starczowzroczność
inability of the eye, due to ageing, to focus on nearby objects

presbyter /ˈpɹezbɪtə/ /ˈpɹezbɪtɚ/ n
kapłan prezbiter
priest in various churches

presbytery /ˈpɹɛz.bɪ.tɛɹ.i/ n
prezbiterium
a body of church elders

prescribe /pɹɪˈskɹaɪb/ /ˈpɹiːˌskɹaɪb/ v
ordynować przepisywać
to order a drug or medical device
dyktować nakazywać ordynować ustanawiać zarządzać
to specify as a required procedure or ritual

prescription /pɹəˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
przedawnienie
extinctive or liberative prescription
przepis recepta
plan or procedure to obtain a given end result
preskrypcja zalecenie preskryptywne
prescriptive pronouncement
normotwórstwo rozporządzanie rozporządzenie
the act of prescribing a rule or law
kodyfikacja normatywna kodyfikacja preskryptywna preskrypcja
the act or practice of laying down norms of language usage
zasiedzenie
usucapion, acquisitive prescription
recepta
written order for the administration of a medicine

prescriptive /pɹɪˈskɹɪptɪv/ adj
dyrektywalny preskryptywny
of or pertaining to prescribing or enjoining, especially an action or behavior based on a norm or standard

prescriptivism /pɹəˈskɹɪp.tɪ.vɪzm̩/ /pɹəˈskɹɪp.tɪv.ɪzm̩/ n
normatywizm preskryptywizm
prescribing idealistic language norms

presence /ˈpɹɛzəns/ n
obecność
fact or condition of being present

present /pɹəˈzɛnt/ /pɹɪˈzɛnt/ /ˈpɹɛzənt/ adj
obecny
in the immediate vicinity
pertaining to the current time

present /pɹəˈzɛnt/ /pɹɪˈzɛnt/ /ˈpɹɛzənt/ n
teraźniejszość
current time

present /pɹəˈzɛnt/ /pɹɪˈzɛnt/ /ˈpɹɛzənt/ v
przedstawiać prezentować
bring into the presence of
wręczać
give (someone) as gift or award

present perfect continuous n
czas teraźniejszy dokonany ciągły
tense that expresses an unbroken action continuing at the present time

present tense n
czas teraźniejszy
form of language

presentation /ˌpɹɛzənˈteɪʃən/ n
prezentacja
presenting to an audience

presentiment /prɪˈzen.tɪ.mənt/ n
przeczucie
a premonition; a feeling that something, often of undesirable nature, is going to happen

preservative adj
zapobiegawczy
tending to preserve

preservative n
konserwant środek konserwujący
any agent, natural or artificial that acts to preserve

preserve /pɹəˈzɜːv/ /pɹəˈzɝv/ n
przetwór
sweet spread

preserve /pɹəˈzɜːv/ /pɹəˈzɝv/ v
zachować
to protect

preside v
prezydować przewodniczyć
to act as a president or chairperson

presidency /ˈpɹezɪdənsi/ n
prezydentura
office or role of president
prezydentura przewodnictwo
time during which one is president

president /ˈpɹɛzɨdənt/ n
prezydent prezydentka
the head of state of a republic
przewodniczący dyrektor prezes rektor
the primary leader of a corporation

presidential /pɹɛzɪˈdɛnʃ(ə)l/ adj
prezydencki
pertaining to a president or presidency

press /pɹɛs/ n
prasa
device used to apply pressure
printed media
prasa drukarska
printing machine

press /pɹɛs/ v
prasować uprasować
to smooth cloth with an iron

press conference n
konferencja prasowa
question and answer session with members of television, print and other media

presstitute n
dziennikurwa presstytutka
a person or media entity reporting news in such a biased manner

pressure /ˈpɹɛʃə(ɹ)/ [ˈpɹɛʃ.ə(ɹ)] [ˈpɹɛʃ.ɚ] n
nacisk ciśnienie
a pressing; force applied to a surface
nacisk
mental strain
ciśnienie
physics: amount of force divided by area

pressure cooker n
szybkowar
cooking vessel

pressure gauge n
ciśnieniomierz
gauge for measuring pressure

prestidigitator n
prestidigitator
who performs feats of prestidigitation

prestige /pɹɛˈsti(d)ʒ/ n
prestiż
dignity, status, or esteem

prestigious /pɹɛˈstɪdʒ.əs/ adj
prestiżowy
of high prestige

presumably /pɹɪˈzjuːməbli/ /pɹɪˈzuːməbli/ adv
przypuszczalnie
able to be sensibly presumed

presume /pɹiˈz(j)um/ /pɹɘˈzjʉːm/ /pɹɪˈzjuːm/ v
przypuszczać
to assume to be true, suppose

presumptuous /pɹəˈzəmptʃuəs/ /pɹəˈzʌmp.tʃuː.əs/ adj
zarozumiały bezczelny
going beyond what is proper

pretend /pɹɪˈtɛnd/ v
udawać
to allege falsely

pretender n
pretendent
claimant to a throne

preterite /ˈpɹɛtəɹət/ adj
przeszły
showing an action at a determined moment in the past

preterite /ˈpɹɛtəɹət/ n
czas przeszły
preterite tense; simple past

pretext /ˈpɹiːtɛkst/ n
pretekst wymówka
false, contrived or assumed purpose

prettily adv
ładnie
in a pretty manner

pretty /ˈpɝti/ /ˈpɹɪti/ /ˈpɹʊti/ adj
ładny
especially of women and children: pleasant, attractive

pretty /ˈpɝti/ /ˈpɹɪti/ /ˈpɹʊti/ adv
całkiem
somewhat

pretzel /ˈpɹɛt.səl/ n
precel
toasted bread or cracker in the shape of a knot

prevention /pɹɪˈvɛnʃən/ n
prewencja zapobieganie
The act of preventing or hindering

prevention is better than cure proverb
lepiej zapobiegać niż leczyć
It is better to prevent the creation of a problem than to have to deal with it afterwards.

preview /pɹiːvjʉː/ n
prapremiera
advance showing of a film, exhibition etc.
przedsmak
foretaste of something
podgląd
something seen in advance

previous /ˈpɹivi.əs/ /ˈpɹiːvɪəs/ adj
przedwczesny
premature
poprzedni ubiegły
prior

previously /ˈpɹivi.əsli/ /ˈpɹiːvi.əsli/ adv
poprzednio
at an earlier time

prey /pɹeɪ/ n
zdobycz
booty, anything taken by force
zdobycz pastwa żer
that which may be seized by animals

priapism n
priapizm ciągotka
medical condition

price /pɹaɪs/ /pɹʌɪs/ n
cena
cost of an action or deed
cost required to gain possession of something

price /pɹaɪs/ /pɹʌɪs/ v
wycenić
determine or put a price on something

price list n
cennik
list of items with prices

priceless adj
bezcenny
so precious as not to be sold at any price

prick /pɹɪk/ n
chuj
(slang) a penis
ukłucie
feeling of being pierced or punctured

prickle /pɹɪkəl/ n
kolec
A small, sharp pointed object, such as a thorn

pride /pɹaɪd/ n
pycha duma
quality or state of being proud; inordinate self-esteem; an unreasonable conceit of one's own superiority in talents, beauty, wealth, rank etc.
duma
sense of one's own worth, and abhorrence of what is beneath or unworthy of one
that of which one is proud; that which excites boasting or self-gratulation; the occasion or ground of self-esteem
proud or disdainful behavior or treatment; insolence or arrogance of demeanor; haughty bearing and conduct
consciousness of power; fullness of animal spirits; mettle; wantonness

pride comes before a fall proverb
pycha poprzedza upadek
Translations

prie-dieu /pɹiːˈdjəː/ n
klęcznik
a piece of furniture on which someone can pray

priest /ˈpɹiːst/ n
ksiądz kapłan duchowny klecha prezbiter
clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson)

priestess /priːˈstɛs/ n
kapłanka
woman with religious duties

priesthood n
duchowieństwo
clergy
kapłaństwo
role or office

prima donna /ˌpɹiːməˈdɒnə/ n
primadonna
opera singer

primary school n
szkoła podstawowa podstawówka
first formal, obligatory school

primate /ˈpɹaɪmeɪt/ n
naczelny
mammal

primatologist n
prymatolog
scientist whose speciality is primatology

primatology n
prymatologia
branch of zoology

prime /pɹaɪ̯m/ adj
pierwszy
first in excellence, quality, or value
first in importance, degree, or rank
first in time, order, or sequence
pierwsza
mathematics: having no factors except itself and unity

prime minister n
premier
chief member of the cabinet and head of the government

prime number n
liczba pierwsza
natural number

prime time n
prime time
block of television programming

primer /ˈpɹaɪ.mə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹaɪmɚ/ /ˈpɹɪ.mɚ/ n
elementarz
children's book introducing basic literacy
introductory textbook

primeval forest n
puszcza
large forest unaffected by humans

primitive /ˈpɹɪmɪtɪv/ adj
prymitywny
one of the adjectival senses

primitivism n
prymitywizm
artistic mouvement

primogeniture n
pierworodztwo pierworództwo primogenitura
exclusive right of inheritance belonging to the eldest child
pierworództwo
state of being the firstborn of the children of the same parents

primordial /pɹaɪˈmɔɹ.di.əl/ /pɹaɪˈmɔː.di.əl/ adj
początkowy pierwotny
earliest

primordium n
zawiązek
first stage of development of an organ

primrose /ˈpɹɪmˌɹoʊz/ /ˈpɹɪmˌɹəʊz/ n
pierwiosnek
flower
pierwiosnek prymula
plant of the genus Primula

primula n
prymula
plant of Primula

prince /pɹɪns/ n
książę kniaź
male ruler or head of a principality
książę
son or male-line grandson of a reigning monarch

princely adj
książęcy
befitting to a prince
relating to a prince

princess /pɹɪnˈsɛs/ /ˈpɹɪnsɛs/ n
księżniczka
female member of royal family
księżna
female monarch, or wife of a ruler

principal /ˈpɹɪnsɪpəl/ /ˈpɹɪnsɪp̬əl/ adj
główny podstawowy
primary, main

principal /ˈpɹɪnsɪpəl/ /ˈpɹɪnsɪp̬əl/ n
dyrektor dyrektorka
chief administrator of a school
kapitał
money originally invested or loaned

principality /pɹɪnsɪˈpælɪti/ n
księstwo
region

principle /ˈpɹɪnsɪpəl/ n
zasada reguła
fundamental assumption
rule to solve a problem
zasada
moral rule or aspect
prawo zasada
rule of nature

print /pɹɪnt/ n
druk

print /pɹɪnt/ v
drukować
to produce a copy of a text or image on a surface, especially by machine
pisać drukowanymi literami
to write clearly

printable adj
drukowalny
worthy or capable of being printed

printed circuit board n
obwód drukowany
board holding chips etc.

printer /ˈpɹɪntə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹɪntɚ/ n
drukarka
computing: device used to print text or images
drukarz
operator of a printing press

printing /ˈpɹɪntɪŋ/ n
druk drukarstwo
the process or business of producing printed material

printing house n
drukarnia
commercial company

printing press n
maszyna drukarska
machine for printing

prior /ˈpɹaɪɚ/ n
przeor
a high-ranking member of a monastery, usually lower in rank than an abbot

priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɨti/ /pɹaɪˈɔɹɪ̈ti/ n
priorytet
goal of a person or an organisation
item's relative importance

priory n
klasztor
monastery or convent governed by a prior or prioress

prism /ˈpɹɪzəm/ n
pryzmat
block used to split or reflect light
graniastosłup
geometry: polyhedron with parallel ends of the same size and shape

prismatoid n
pryzmatoid
polyhedron

prison /ˈpɹɪzən/ n
więzienie
confinement in a prison
więzienie pierdel
place of long-term confinement for those convicted of serious crimes

prison cell n
cela
room to which a prisoner is confined

prisoner /ˈpɹɪzənə/ /ˈpɹɪzənəɹ/ n
jeniec
figurative: any person held against his or her will
więzień
person incarcerated in a prison

prisoner of war n
jeniec wojenny
soldier or combatant captured by the enemy

pristine /ˈpɹɪstiːn/ adj
pierwotny
pertaining to the earliest state of something
dziewiczy, nietknięty
unspoiled

privacy /ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/ /ˈpɹɪv.ə.sɪ/ n
prywatność
state of being private

private /ˈpɹaɪvɪt/ adj
prywatny
belonging to, concerning, or accessible only to an individual person or a specific group
not accessible by the public

private /ˈpɹaɪvɪt/ n
szeregowy
soldier

private international law n
prawo prywatne międzynarodowe
law

private law n
prawo prywatneo prawo prywatne
area of law

privatization n
prywatyzacja
transfer from the government to private ownership

privet /ˈpɹɪ.vɪt/ n
ligustr
Any of various shrubs and small trees in the genus Ligustrum

privilege /ˈpɹɪv(ɪ)lɪdʒ/ n
przywilej
particular benefit, advantage, or favor

privileged adj
elitarny uprzywilejowany wyróżniony
having special privileges

prizewinner n
laureat laureatka
winner of a prize

pro /pɹoʊ/ /pɹəʊ/ n
za
advantage of something

pro /pɹoʊ/ /pɹəʊ/ preposition
za
in favor of

pro tem adv
ad hoc doraźnie
temporarily

pro- /pɹoʊ/ /pɹəʊ/ prefix
pro-
prefix meaning supporting or favouring
przed-
prefix

pro-European adj
proeuropejski
supporting European peoples or integration

pro-Russian adj
prorosyjski
supportive of Russian or Russians

pro-choicer n
aborcjonista aborcjonistka
person with pro-choice views, or who advocates such policies

pro-lifer n
antyaborcjonista zygotarianin
person with pro-life views

proabortionist n
aborcjonista aborcjonistka
one who supports or defends the practice and/or legality of abortion

probability /pɹɑbəˈbɪlɪɾi/ /pɹɒbəˈbɪlɪti/ n
prawdopodobieństwo
mathematical probability
state of being probable; likelihood
relative likelihood of an event happening

probability measure n
miara probabilistyczna
measure on probability space

probability space n
przestrzeń probabilistyczna
notion in probability theory

probability theory n
rachunek prawdopodobieństwa
study of probability

probable /ˈpɹɑbəbl̩/ /ˈpɹɒbəbl̩/ adj
prawdopodobny
likely to be true

probably /ˈpɹɑbəbli/ /ˈpɹɒbəbli/ adv
prawdopodobnie przypuszczalnie
in all likelihood

probation /ˌpɹoʊˈbeɪʃən/ n
okres próbny staż
period of conditional employment or engagement

probity /ˈpɹəʊbɪti/ n
uczciwość
integrity

problem /ˈpɹɑbləm/ /ˈpɹɒbləm/ /ˈpɹɒblɪm/ n
problem kłopot
difficulty
zadanie
schoolwork exercise

problematic /ˌpɹɑblɛˈmætɪk/ /ˌpɹɒblɛˈmætɪk/ adj
problematyczny
posing a problem

procedure /pɹəˈsidʒɚ/ /pɹəˈsiːdʒə/ n
procedura
computing: subroutine or function coded to perform a specific task
method for performing a task
series of small tasks to accomplish an end
steps taken in a legal proceeding

process /ˈpɹɑˌsɛs/ /ˈpɹəʊsɛs/ n
proces
series of events to produce a result

processed cheese n
ser topiony
any of several types of natural cheese

processing /ˈpɹɑsəsɪŋ/ /ˈpɹəʊsɛsɪŋ/ n
obróbka
act of taking something through a set of prescribed procedures

processor /ˈpɹɑˌsɛsə˞/ /ˈpɹəʊˌsɛsə(ɹ)/ n
procesor
microprocessor

proclitic n
proklityka
clitic which joins with the following word

procrastination /pɹoʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
zwłoka prokrastynacja
act of postponing, delaying or putting off

procreation n
prokreacja
the sexual activity of conceiving and bearing offspring

proctologist n
proktolog
expert in proctology

procure /pɹəˈkjʊə/ /pɹəˈkjʊɹ/ v
sprokurować wystarać się

procurement /pɹəˈkjʊə.mənt/ n
zaopatrzenie
act of procuring or obtaining
purchasing department of a company

prodigal /ˈpɹɑdɪɡəl/ /ˈpɹɒdɪɡəl/ adj
marnotrawny rozrzutny
wastefully extravagant

prodigal son n
syn marnotrawny
one who returns

produce /pɹəˈdjuːs/ /pɹəˈdus/ /ˈpɹoʊ.dus/ /ˈpɹɒdjuːs/ v
produkować wytwarzać
to make or manufacture

producer /pɹəˈdjuːsə/ /pɹəˈduːsɚ/ n
producent wytwórca
in economics

product /ˈpɹɑd.əkt/ /ˈpɹɒd.əkt/ n
produkcja iloczyn
amount created by a process
produkt iloczyn
commodity for sale
result of chemical reaction
efekt wynik
consequence of efforts
iloczyn produkt
multiplication result

product placement n
lokowanie produktu
a form of advertising

profanity n
przekleństwo wulgaryzm
obscene, lewd or abusive language

profession /pɹəˈfɛʃən/ n
zawód fach
occupation

professional /pɹəˈfɛʃənəl/ adj
profesjonalny
of, pertaining to, or in accordance with the standards of a profession
expert
that is carried out as a livelihood

professional /pɹəˈfɛʃənəl/ n
profesjonalista zawodowiec
expert
person who earns their living from a specified activity

professionalism n
profesjonalizm
status or methods of a professional

professionally adv
profesjonalnie
in a professional manner

professor /pɹəˈfɛsə/ /pɹəˈfɛsɚ/ n
profesor
a higher ranking for a teacher or faculty member at a college or university

profit /ˈpɹɑfɪt/ /ˈpɹɒfɪt/ n
zysk
benefit
przychód
total income or cash flow minus expenditures

profitability n
opłacalność rentowność
The quality or state of being profitable

profitable /ˈpɹɑfɪtəbl̩/ /ˈpɹɒfɪtəbl̩/ adj
dochodowy korzystny
producing profit

profound /pɹəˈfaʊnd/ adj
głęboki
intellectually deep

profusion n
obfitość
abundance

progenitor /pɹoʊˈdʒɛn.ɪ.tɚ/ /pɹəʊˈdʒɛn.ɪ.tə/ n
poprzednik
a predecessor of something
przodek
any of a person's direct ancestors
pomysłodawca prekursor
someone who originates something

progeny /ˈpɹɑdʒəni/ /ˈpɹɒdʒəni/ n
potomek potomstwo
offspring

prognosis /pɹɑːɡˈnoʊsɪs/ /pɹɒɡˈnəʊsɪs/ n
prognoza
forecast of the future course of a disease
forecast of the future course, or outcome, of a situation

program /ˈpɹoʊɡɹəm/ /ˈpɹoʊˌɡɹæm/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæm/ n
program
leaflet listing information about a play, game or other activity
set of structured activities
software application
program audycja
performance of a show or other broadcast on radio or television

program /ˈpɹoʊɡɹəm/ /ˈpɹoʊˌɡɹæm/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæm/ v
programować
to enter a program or other instructions into a computer

programmable /pɹəʊˈɡɹæməbəl/ adj
programowalny
capable of being programmed

programmer /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæmə/ n
programator
a device that installs a software program into some other machine
programista programistka
one who writes computer programs

programming /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɪŋ/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹəmɪŋ/ n
programowanie
act of writing a computer program

programming language /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/ n
język programowania
code of reserved words and symbols

progress /pɹəˈɡɹɛs/ /ˈpɹɑɡɹɛs/ /ˈpɹəʊɡɹɛs/ n
postęp
advancement to a more developed state
movement onwards or forwards
movement or advancement through a series of events, or points in time

progression n
ciąg postęp
mathematical sequence

prohibit /pɹoʊˈhɪbɪt/ /pɹəˈhɪbɪt/ v
zakazywać zakazać
to proscribe officially

prohibition /ˌpɹoʊ(h)ɪˈbɪʃən/ /ˌpɹəʊ(h)ɪˈbɪʃən/ n
zakaz
law that prohibits something

project /pɹəˈdʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑdʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑdʒˌɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒdʒɛkt/ n
projekt
planned endeavor

project /pɹəˈdʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑdʒɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑdʒˌɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒdʒɛkt/ v
rzucać rzucić
to cast (image/shadow)
wystawać
to extend beyond a surface
wyciągać wyciągnąć
to extend outward
planować przewidywać
to make plans for; forecast

project management n
zarządzanie projektami
discipline of organizing and managing project resources

projectile /pɹə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛktʌɪl/ /pɹəˈdʒɛk.taɪl/ n
pocisk
object intended to be or having been fired from a weapon

projection /pɹəˈdʒɛkʃən/ n
rzucanie
action of projecting, throwing or propelling something
projekcja wyświetlenie
display of an image by a projector
prognoza przewidywanie
forecast or prognosis obtained by extrapolation
projekcja rzut
geometry: image of an object on a surface of fewer dimensions
mathematics: transformation extracting a fragment of an object
odwzorowanie projekcja
photography: image cast by a translucent object
projekcja
psychology: belief that others have similar thoughts and experiences as oneself
występ
something which projects

projector n
projektor rzutnik
optical device

prokaryote n
prokariont
organism characterized by absence of nucleus

prokaryotic adj
prokariotyczny
of cells, lacking a nucleus

proletariat /ˌpɹoʊlɪˈtɛəɹi.ət/ n
proletariat
working class or lower class
lowest class of citizens in Rome
wage-earners collectively

proliferation /pɹəˌlɪfəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
rozprzestrzenienie
the process by which an organism produces others of its kind

proline n
prolina
nonessential amino acid; C₅H₉NO₂

promenade /pɹɑməˈneɪd/ /ˈpɹɒmənɑːd/ n
promenada
place to walk

promenade /pɹɑməˈneɪd/ /ˈpɹɒmənɑːd/ v
przechadzać się spacerować
to walk

promethium /pɹoʊˈmiːθiəm/ n
promet
chemical element

prominence n
wzniesienie
relative height

promiscuous /pɹəˈmɪskjuːəs/ adj
nasłuchujący
being in a mode in which a NIC gathers all network traffic
rozwiązły rozpustny
indiscriminate in choice of sexual partners

promise /ˈpɹɑmɪs/ /ˈpɹɒmɪs/ n
obietnica
vow

promise /ˈpɹɑmɪs/ /ˈpɹɒmɪs/ v
obiecać obiecywać
to commit to something

promissory note n
weksel własny
document saying that someone owes a specific amount of money

promote /pɹəˈmoʊt/ /pɹəˈməʊt/ v
promować
advocate or urge on behalf of something
awansować
raise someone to a more important, responsible, or remunerative job or rank

promotor n
promotor promotorka
A material that accelerates the action of a catalyst

prompt /pɹɑmpt/ /pɹɒmpt/ adj
prędkie
quick

prompt /pɹɑmpt/ /pɹɒmpt/ n
monit
a computer prompt
podpowiedź
a reminder or cue

prompter n
sufler suflerka
person in a theater

pronaos /pɹoʊˈneɪ.ɒs/ /pɹoʊˈneɪ.əs/ n
pronaos
the inner area of the portico of a Greek or Roman temple

prone /pɹoʊn/ /pɹəʊn/ adj
skłonny
predisposed

prong /pɹɑŋ/ /pɹɒŋ/ n
ząb grot kolec szpica
thin, pointed, projecting part

pronghorn n
widłoróg amerykański
North American mammal

pronoia /pɹoʊˈnɔɪə/ /pɹəʊˈnɔɪə/ n
pronoja
imperial grant

pronotum n
przedplecze
dorsal plate of the prothorax in insects

pronoun /ˈpɹoʊ.naʊn/ /ˈpɹəʊnaʊn/ n
zaimek
type of noun

pronounce /pɹəˈnaʊns/ v
oznajmić
to declare officially
wymawiać wymówić
to sound out (a word or phrase); to articulate

pronunciation /pɹəˌnaʊn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
wymowa
way in which words are pronounced
sound of a word

pronunciation dictionary n
słownik wymowy
dictionary that provides pronunciations of words

proof /pɹuf/ /pɹuːf/ /pɹʉːf/ n
dowód
any effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth
the degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief
process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed

proof by contradiction n
dowód nie wprost sprowadzenie do absurdu
proof of a statement adduced by deriving a contradiction from the statement's negation

proofread /ˈpɹuːfɹiːd/ /ˈpɹuːfɹɛd/ v
poprawiać
to check for errors in spelling and grammar

proofreader n
korektor
person who proofreads
person whose occupation is to proofread

prop /pɹɒp/ n
podpórka oparcie ostoja podpora podstawka stojak
object placed against or under another, to support it
rekwizyt
item placed on a stage to create a scene

propaganda /ˌpɹɒpəˈɡændə/ [ˌpɹɑp.ə.ˈɡæn.də] [ˌpɹɒp.ə.ˈɡæn.də] n
propaganda
concerted set of messages

propagandist /pɹɒpəˈɡandɪst/ n
propagandysta propagandystka propagandzista propagandzistka
Person who disseminates propaganda

propane /ˈpɹoʊpeɪn/ n
propan
aliphatic hydrocarbon: C₃H₈

propeller n
śmigło śruba
mechanical device used to propel

propensity /pɹəˈpɛnsɪti/ n
skłonność
tendency

proper /ˈpɹɑ.pɚ/ /ˈpɹɒp.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈpɹɔp.ə/ adj
właściwy
following the established standards of behavior or manners
fit, suitable
jako taki właściwy
in the very strictest sense of the word

proper fraction n
ułamek właściwy
arithmetic: a vulgar fraction

proper noun n
nazwa własna
the name of a particular person, place, organization or other individual entity

property /ˈpɹɑp.ɚt.i/ /ˈpɹɒp.ət.i/ n
wyróżnik
an attribute characteristic of a class of objects
właściwość cecha własność
attribute or abstract quality associated with an object, individual or concept
własność posiadanie prawo własności
exclusive right of possessing, enjoying and disposing of a thing
posiadłość posesja
piece of real estate
własność
something owned

property tax n
podatek od nieruchomości
tax based on the value of property

prophase n
profaza
the first stage of mitosis
the first stage of meiosis

prophecy /ˈpɹɑfəsi/ /ˈpɹɒf.ə.si/ n
proroctwo przepowiednia
prediction

prophet /ˈpɹɑfɪt/ /ˈpɹɒ.fɪt/ n
prorok prorokini
one who speaks by divine inspiration
one who foretells the future

prophetess /pɹɒfɪˈtɛs/ n
prorokini
female prophet

prophylactic /pɹɒfəˈlæktɪk/ adj
profilaktyczny
Serving to prevent or protect against an undesired effect, especially disease

propiska /pɹəˈpɪskə/ n
propiska zameldowanie
system of mandatory registration in ex-USSR

propolis /ˈpɹɒpəlɪs/ n
kit pszczeli
glue-like substance

proportion /pɹəˈpo(ː)ɹʃən/ /pɹəˈpoəʃən/ /pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/ /pɹəˈpɔːʃən/ n
odsetek proporcja
quantity that is part of the whole

proposal /pɹəˈpoʊzəl/ /pɹəˈpəʊzəl/ n
propozycja
that which is proposed

propose /pɹəˈpoʊz/ /pɹəˈpəʊz/ v
oświadczać się oświadczyć się
to ask for one's hand in marriage
zamierzać
to intend
proponować zaproponować
to suggest a plan or course of action

proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/ n
stwierdzenie
an assertion which is provably true, but not important enough to be a theorem
propozycja
idea or plan offered
uncountable: act of offering for consideration
zdanie
math: assertion which can be considered true or false

propositional logic n
rachunek zdań
formal deductive system

proprietary /pɹəˈpɹɑɪətɛɹi/ adj
własnościowy
of or relating to the quality of being an owner
relating to property or ownership

prosaic /pɹoʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/ /pɹəʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/ adj
prozaiczny
pertaining to or having the characteristics of prose

prosaically adv
prozaicznie
in a prosaic manner

prosaicness n
prozaiczność
characteristic

proscenium /pɹoʊˈsiː.ni.əm/ /pɹəʊˈsiː.ni.əm/ n
proscenium
ancient theatre: stage area immediately in front of the scene building
proscenium przedscenie
modern theatre: stage area between the curtain and the orchestra

prose /ˈpɹoʊz/ /ˈpɹəʊz/ n
proza
written language not intended as poetry

prosecutor /ˈpɹɑsəˌkjuːtəɹ/ n
prokurator
a person instituting criminal prosecution
prosecuting attorney

proselyte /ˈpɹɑs.ɪlˌaɪt/ /ˈpɹɒs.ɪlˌaɪt/ n
neofita prozelita
one who has converted to a religion

proselytism n
prozelityzm
proselytizing or being a proselyte

proso millet /ˈpɹoʊsoʊ ˈmɪlit/ n
proso zwyczajne
P. miliaceum

prosody /ˈpɹɑzədi/ /ˈpɹɒzədi/ n
prozodia
linguistics: study of rhythm and other attributes in speech
poetry: study of poetic meter etc

prosopagnosia /ˌpɹɑsoʊpæɡˈnoʊʒə/ /ˌpɹɒsəpaɡˈnəʊʒə/ n
prozopagnozja
disorder of face perception

prospect /pɹəˈspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒspɛkt/ n
perspektywa
potential things that may come to pass, usually favorable

prospect /pɹəˈspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɑspɛkt/ /ˈpɹɒspɛkt/ v
poszukiwać
to search as for gold

prospector /pɹəˈspɛktə/ /ˈpɹɑsˌpɛktɚ/ n
poszukiwacz
person

prosperity /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/ /pɹɒˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/ n
dobrobyt
condition of being prosperous

prostate /ˈpɹɒsteɪt/ n
prostata
prostate gland

prosthesis n
proteza
artificial replacement for a body part

prosthetic /ˌpɹɑsˈθɛtɪk/ adj
protetyczny
artificial

prosthetist n
protetyk
a person who makes or fits prosthetic devices

prosthodontics n
protetyka stomatologiczna
restoration or replacement of damaged or missing teeth

prostitute /ˈpɹɑːstətuːt/ /ˈpɹɒstɪtjuːt/ n
prostytutka kurwa męska prostytutka
a person having sex for profit

prostitution n
prostytucja
having sex for profit

prostokvasha n
kwaśne mleko skwaszone mleko zsiadłe mleko
soured milk

protactinium /ˌpɹoʊ.tækˈtɪn.i.əm/ /ˌpɹəʊ.tækˈtɪn.i.əm/ n
protaktyn
chemical element

protagonist /pɹoʊˈtæ.ɡə.nɪst/ /pɹəˈtæ.ɡə.nɪst/ n
protagonista protagonistka
main character

protean /ˈpɹoʊ.tɪ.ən/ /ˈpɹəʊ.tɪ.ən/ adj
zmienny
exceedingly variable

protect /pɹəˈtɛkt/ v
chronić
to keep safe

protection /pɹəˈtɛkʃən/ n
ochrona
process of keeping safe

protectionism /pɹəˈtekʃənɪzəm/ n
protekcjonizm
A policy of protecting the domestic producers of a product by imposing tariffs, quotas or other barriers on imports

protectionist adj
protekcjonistyczny

protein /ˈpɹoʊtiːn/ /ˈpɹəʊti.ɪn/ n
białko proteina
biochemistry: complex molecule
białko
class of food

protest /pɹəˈtɛst/ /ˈpɹoʊ.tɛst/ /ˈpɹəʊ.tɛst/ n
demonstracja protest
collective gesture of disapproval: demonstration
protest
formal objection

protest /pɹəˈtɛst/ /ˈpɹoʊ.tɛst/ /ˈpɹəʊ.tɛst/ v
protestować zaprotestować
to make a strong objection

prothorax n
przedtułowie przedtułów
the anterior part of the insect thorax

protist /ˈproʊtɪst/ n
protista
eukaryotic unicellular organisms

protium n
prot
lightest isotope of hydrogen

proto-language n
prajęzyk
common ancestor language

protocol /ˈpɹoʊtəˌkɑl/ /ˈpɹəʊtəˌkɒl/ n
protokół
diplomatic document

protologism /pɹəʊˈtɒləˌdʒɪzm/ n
protologizm
a newly coined word or phrase defined in the hope that it will become common

protolysis /pɹoʊˈtɑlɪsɪs/ /pɹə(ʊ)ˈtɒlɪsɪs/ n
protoliza

proton /ˈpɹoʊ.tɑn/ /ˈpɹəʊ.tɒn/ n
proton
positively charged nucleon

protoplanet n
protoplaneta
astronomical object

prototype /ˈpɹoʊtəˌtaɪp/ /ˈpɹəʊtətʌɪp/ n
prototyp
original form or object which is a basis for other forms or objects

protozoan /ˌpɹoʊtəˈzoʊən/ /ˌpɹəʊtəˈzəʊən/ n
pierwotniak
any of a diverse group of eukaryotes

protractor n
kątomierz
a circular or semicircular tool for measuring angles

proud /pɹaʊd/ adj
dumny
gratified, feeling honoured, feeling satisfied
dumny wyniosły zarozumiały
having a too high opinion of oneself; arrogant, supercilious

proud as a peacock /pɹaʊd əz ə ˈpiːkɒk/ adj
dumny jak paw
extremely proud

proudly /ˈpɹaʊdli/ adv
dumnie
in a proud manner

prove /pɹuːv/ v
udowadniać dowodzić
to demonstrate that something is true; to give proof for

prove oneself v
wykazać się
to demonstrate one's own worth

proven /ˈpɹuvən/ /ˈpɹuːvən/ adj
dowiedziony sprawdzony

proverb /ˈpɹɑːvɝːb/ /ˈpɹɒvɜːb/ n
przysłowie
phrase expressing a basic truth

provide /pɹəˈvaɪd/ v
dostarczać dostarczyć
to give what is needed or desired

providence /ˈpɹɒvɪdəns/ n
opatrzność
careful guardianship exercised by a deity

provident /ˈpɹɒvɪdənt/ adj
przezorny
demonstrating consideration for the future

province /ˈpɹɑvɪns/ /ˈpɹɒvɪns/ n
prowincja
a subdivision of government usually one step below the national level

provincialism n
prowincjonalizm
linguistics: word or locution characteristic of a region or district

provision /pɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/ n
zaopatrzenie prowiant
item of goods or supplies obtained for future use
zabezpieczenie
money set aside

provision /pɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/ v
zaopatrywać
to supply with provisions

provisional /pɹəˈvɪʒənəl/ adj
tymczasowy
temporary

provocation /ˌpɹɑvəˈkeɪʃən/ /ˌpɹɒvəˈkeɪʃən/ n
prowokacja
act of provoking

provocative /pɹəˈvɑk.ə.tɪv/ /pɹəˈvɒk.ə.tɪv/ adj
prowokacyjny
tending to provoke strong negative feeling

provoke /pɹəˈvoʊk/ /pɹəˈvəʊk/ v
prowokować drażnić podjudzać
to cause to become angry

provost /pɹəʊˈvəʊ/ /ˈpɹoʊvoʊst/ /ˈpɹɒvəst/ n
prowost
equivalent of mayor in some Scottish cities
prepozyt
highest position in a monastery below an abbot

prow /pɹaʊ/ n
dziób
fore part of a vessel; bow

prowl /pɹaʊl/ v
grasować
To be on the lookout for some prey

proximity /pɹɑkˈsɪ.mɪ.ti/ n
bliskość
closeness; the state of being near as in space, time, or relationship

proxy /pɹɒk.si/ n
pośrednik
(software) An interface for a service

proxy server n
serwer pośredniczący serwer-pośrednik
hardware server

prude /pɹuːd/ n
świętoszek świętoszka
A person who is or tries to be excessively proper

prudence /ˈpɹuːdəns/ n
roztropność przezorność
The quality or state of being prudent

prudent /ˈpɹuːdənt/ adj
roztropny
practically wise, judicious, shrewd
przezorny
sagacious in adapting means to ends

prudish adj
pruderyjny
exaggeratedly proper

prune /pɹuːn/ n
suszona śliwka
dried plum

pruning shears n
sekator
a tool

psalm /sɑm/ /sɑːm/ n
psalm
sacred song
a hymn collected into one book of the Old Testament

psalmodic adj
psalmodyczny
relating to psalmody

psalmody /ˈsɑː.mə.di/ n
psalmodia
singing of psalms

psalter n
psałterz
The Book of Psalms

pseudo- /ˈs(j)uːdəʊ/ /ˈsuːdoʊ/ prefix
pseudo- niby-
not genuine

pseudocode n
pseudokod
description of a computer programming algorithm

pseudoephedrine [ˌsuːdoʊ.ɨˈfɛdɹɪn] [ˌsuːdoʊˈɛfɨdɹiːn] n
pseudoefedryna
sympathomimetic alkaloid

pseudonym /ˈs(j)uː.dəʊ.nɪm/ /ˈsudoʊnɪm/ n
pseudonim
fictitious name

pseudorandom adj
pseudolosowy
appearing to be random

pseudoscience n
pseudonauka
purported science

pseudoscorpion n
zaleszczotek
arachnid

pseudoword n
logatom
unit

pshaw /pʃɔː/ /ˈʃɑː/ interjection
co takiego też coś
indicating disapproval, scoffery, irritation, impatience or disbelief

psi /psaɪ/ /saɪ/ n
psi
Greek letter

psoriasis n
łuszczyca
facial skin disease

psyche /ˈsaɪ.ki/ /ˈsaɪk/ n
psychika
the human soul, mind, or spirit

psychiatric /ˌsaɪ.ki.ˈæt.ɹɪk/ adj
psychiatryczny
of, or relating to, psychiatry

psychiatrist /ˌsaɪˈkaɪ.ə.tɹɪst/ n
psychiatra
doctor specializing in psychiatry

psychiatry /saɪˈkaɪ.əˌtɹi/ n
psychiatria
branch of medicine dealing with mental disorders

psychic /ˈsaɪkɪk/ adj
metapsychiczny psychiczny
relating to the abilities of a psychic

psychic /ˈsaɪkɪk/ n
medium
a person who contacts the dead

psychical /ˈsʌɪkɪk(ə)l/ adj
psychiczny
outside the realm of the physical
pertaining to the animal nature of man
pertaining to the mind; mental

psychically /ˈsaɪ.kɪk.li/ adv
psychicznie
in a psychical or psychic manner

psychoanalysis n
psychoanaliza
family of psychological theories

psychoanalyst n
psychoanalityk psychoanalityczka
practitioner

psychoanalyze v
psychoanalizować
practice psychoanalysis

psychokinesis /ˌsaɪkoʊkɪˈnisɪs/ /ˌsaɪkəʊkɪˈniːsɪs/ n
psychokineza
movement inanimate objects by the use of psychic power

psychological /ˌsaɪkəˈlɑːdʒɪkl/ /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj
psychologiczny
of or pertaining to psychology

psychologically adv
psychologicznie
in a psychological manner

psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ n
psycholog psycholożka
expert in the field of psychology

psychology /saɪˈkɑlədʒi/ /saɪˈkɒlədʒɪ/ n
psychologia
study of the human mind
the study of animal behavior
the study of the human behavior
the mental characteristics of a particular individual

psychometry n
psychometria
paranormal ability

psychopath /ˈsaɪkoʊˌpæθ/ n
psychopata psychopatka
person with a personality disorder

psychopathic /ˈsaɪkoʊˌpæθɪk/ adj
psychopatyczny
relating to a psychopath

psychopathology /ˌsaɪkɒpəˈθɒlədʒɪ/ n
psychopatologia
study of mental illness

psychopathy /saɪˈkɑpəθi/ /saɪˈkɒpəθi/ n
psychopatia
personality disorder

psychophysical adj
psychofizyczny
of or pertaining to psychophysics
psychosomatyczny
psychosomatic

psychophysically adv
psychofizycznie
in a psychophysical way

psychophysics n
psychofizyka
a branch of psychology

psychopomp /ˈsaɪkoʊpɑmp/ /ˈsaɪkəʊpɒmp/ n
psychopomp
entity who assists souls

psychosis /saɪˈkoʊsɪs/ /saɪˈkəʊsɪs/ n
psychoza
mental disorder

psychosomatics n
psychosomatyka
psychosomatic medicine

psychotherapeutic adj
psychoterapeutyczny
of or pertaining to psychotherapy

psychotherapeutically adv
psychoterapeutycznie
by means of, or with regard to psychotherapy

psychotherapist n
psychoterapeuta psychoterapeutka
who practices psychotherapy

psychotherapy /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛɹəpi/ n
psychoterapia
treatment of those with mental illness

ptarmigan /ˈtɑːmɪɡən/ n
pardwa
a small grouse, Lagopus

pterosaur /ˈtɛɹəˌsɔɹ/ n
pterozaur
extinct flying reptile

ptomaine /ˈtoʊmeɪn/ /ˈtəʊmeɪn/ n
jad trupi ptomaina
any of various amines formed by putrefactive bacteria

pub /pʊb/ /pʌb/ n
knajpa gospoda piwiarnia
public house

puberty n
pokwitanie dojrzewanie płciowe okres dojrzewania
age at which a person is first capable of sexual reproduction

pubic hair n
owłosienie łonowe
collectively

public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj
publiczny
pertaining to people as a whole
open to all members of a community

public /ˈpʌblɪk/ n
publika społeczeństwo
people in general

public domain n
domena publiczna własność publiczna
realm of intellectual property

public holiday n
święto
national or regional holiday from work on a specific day

public law n
prawo publiczne
law

publicist n
publicysta publicystka
a journalist who focusses on politics

publicly /ˈpʌblɪkli/ adv
publicznie
in an open and public manner

publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v
publikować opublikować
to issue a medium (e.g. publication)
wydawać wydać
to issue something (usually printed work) for sale and distribution

publishing house n
wydawnictwo
company that produces books

pucker n
zmarszczka
A fold or wrinkle

pudding /ˈpʊd.ɪŋ/ n
pudding budyń
boiled or steamed cake or dessert
budyń
dessert similar to custard or mousse, containing a starchy thickening agent
kaszanka
sausage made primarily from blood

puddle /ˈpʌdəl/ n
kałuża
a small pool of water

puddle /ˈpʌdəl/ v
mętlik
collection of ideas

puerile /ˈpjʊə.ɹaɪl/ /ˈpjʊɹɪl/ adj
dziecinny infantylny

puff pastry n
ciasto francuskie
light, flaky pastry

puffball n
kurzawka
fungi

puffin /ˈpʌfɪn/ n
maskonur
Fratercula arctica

pug /pʌɡ/ n
mops
small dog

pugnacious /pʌɡˈneɪ.ʃəs/ adj
awanturniczy wojowniczy
aggressive, belligerent

puissant /ˈpjuəsənt/ /ˈpwɪs(ə)nt/ adj
potężny
powerful, mighty

puke /pjuːk/ n
rzygi rzygowina
vomit

puke /pjuːk/ v
rzygać
to vomit

pulchritudinous /ˌpʌlkɹɪˈtjuːdɪnəs/ adj
urodziwy
having great physical beauty

pull /pʊl/ [pʰʊːɫ] v
ciągnąć pociągnąć
transitive: apply force to (something) so it comes towards one

pull an all-nighter v
zarwać noc
work throughout the night

pull oneself together v
brać się w garść
to become mentally focused after a period of being unfocused

pull out of one's ass v
brać z dupy wyciągnąć z dupy wziąć z dupy
fabricate a claim with no factual basis or evidence

pull someone's leg v
nabrać kogoś
to tease someone

pull the wool over someone's eyes v
mydlić oczy
to deceive someone

pullover n
sweter
sweater

pullulate /ˈpʌl.jʊ.leɪt/ v
kiełkować zakiełkować
to germinate
mnożyć się plenić się
to multiply rapidly

pulmonary adj
płucny
related to lungs

pulmonologist n
pulmonolog
a physician who specializes in pulmonology

pulmonology n
pulmonologia
the branch of medicine dealing with diseases of the lungs and respiratory tract

pulp /pəlp/ /pʌlp/ n
miąższ
center of a fruit
miazga
center of a tooth

pulpit /ˈpʊl.pɪt/ n
ambona kazalnica
raised platform in church

pulsar n
pulsar
rotating neutron star

pulse /pʊls/ /pʌls/ n
puls
regular beat caused by the heart

pulse oximetry n
pulsoksymetria
method of monitoring of the oxygenation of hemoglobin

pumice /ˈpʌmɪs/ n
pumeks
pumice

pump /pʌmp/ n
pompa
device for moving liquid or gas
device for dispensing liquid or gas to be sold, especially fuel

pumpkin /ˈpʌmpkɪn/ n
dyniowy
color
dynia
fruit of this plant
plant

pumpkin pie n
tarta dyniowa
pie made from the flesh of pumpkins

pun /pʌn/ n
kalambur gra słów
joke or type of wordplay

punch /pʌntʃ/ n
cios
hit or strike with one's fist
kop
power, strength, energy
dziurkacz
device for creating holes in thin material
dziurka otwór
hole or opening created with a punch
poncz
beverage

punch /pʌntʃ/ v
skasować
to mark a ticket

punch line n
puenta
final part of a joke

punching bag n
worek bokserski worek treningowy
device used to practice punching
worek treningowy
object of abuse

punctual /ˈpʌŋktjʊəl/ /ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/ adj
punktualny
prompt

punctuality n
punktualność
state of being punctual

punctually adv
punktualnie
in a punctual manner

punctuation /pʌŋk.tʃuˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
interpunkcja przestankowanie
set of symbols

punctuation mark n
znak interpunkcyjny
symbol used in writing

pundit /ˈpʌn.dɪt/ n
uczony znawca

punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ v
karać ukarać
to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct

punishable adj
karalny
appropriate for punishment

punishment /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ n
wycisk
harsh treatment or experience
kara kaźń
penalty for wrongdoing
karanie
the act of punishing

punitive /pjunɪtɪv/ adj
karny
punishing

punnet /ˈpʌnɪt/ n
łubianka
small receptacle

punter /ˈpʌn.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈpʌn.tɚ/ n
gracz graczka
One who gambles; a speculator

puny /pjuːni/ adj
wątły
of inferior size

pup /pʌp/ v
szczenić się
to give birth to pups

pupa /ˈpjuːpə/ n
poczwarka
insect

pupil /pjuːpəl/ n
uczeń uczennica
learner
źrenica
the hole in the middle of the iris of the eye

puppet /ˈpʌpɪt/ n
marionetka pacynka
movable model of a person or animal

puppeteer n
lalkarz
person who uses a puppet

puppy /ˈpʌpi/ n
szczeniak szczenię
young dog

puppy mill n
pseudohodowla
farm that breeds dogs

puppyish adj
szczenięcy
With the qualities of a puppy

purchase /ˈpɜːtʃəs/ /ˈpɝtʃəs/ n
kupno zakup
the act or process of seeking and obtaining something

purchaser n
nabywca nabywczyni
one who purchases

purchasing power parity n
parytet siły nabywczej
long-term equilibrium

pure /ˈpjɜː/ /ˈpjɝ/ /ˈpjʊə/ /ˈpjʊɹ/ adj
czysty
free of flaws or imperfections
free of foreign material or pollutants

pure as the driven snow adj
czysty jak łza
free of flaws or imperfections

purgatory /ˈpɜːɡətɹi/ /ˈpɝɡəˌtɔɹi/ n
katusze męka
situation causing suffering

purge /pɜːdʒ/ /pɝdʒ/ n
czystka
forcible removal of undesirable people from political activity, etc.

purification n
oczyszczenie
act of purifying

purificator n
puryfikaterz
napkin

purine /ˈpjʊəɹiːn/ n
puryna
organic heterocyclic base

purism n
puryzm
insistence on the traditionally correct way

purist adj
purystyczny
pertaining to purism

purist n
purysta
advocate of purism

purlin [ˈpɜːɹlɪn] n
płatew
longitudinal structural member of a roof

purple /ˈpɜː(ɹ).pəl/ /ˈpɝpəl/ adj
purpurowy fioletowy
colour

purple /ˈpɜː(ɹ).pəl/ /ˈpɝpəl/ n
purpura fiolet
colour

purple coral n
goździeniec purpurowy
mushroom

purple heron n
czapla purpurowa
Ardea purpurea

purplish adj
fioletowawy
somewhat purple in colour/color

purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/ /ˈpɝpəs/ n
zamiar
determination
intencja
intention
powód
reason for doing something
temat zagadnienie
subject of discourse
cel
target

purposely adv
celowo
on purpose; intentionally

purpure /pəˈpjʊə/ /pɚˈpjʊɹ/ adj
purpurowy
in blazon, of the colour purple

purr /pɜː(ɹ)/ n
mruczenie
vibrating sound made by a cat when contented

purr /pɜː(ɹ)/ v
mruczeć
cat to make a vibrating sound in its throat

purse /pɜːs/ /pɝs/ n
portmonetka
small bag for carrying money
torebka
small bag for carrying personal items

pursuant /pəˈsjuː.ənt/ adj
stosownie do zgodnie z
in conformance to, or in agreement with

pursuant /pəˈsjuː.ənt/ adv
stosownie do zgodnie z
accordingly, consequently

pursue /pəˈsjuː/ /pəˈʃu/ /pəˈʃuː/ /pɚˈsu/ v
ścigać
to follow urgently

pursuit /pəˈsjuːt/ /pəˈʃʉːt/ /pɝˈsuːt/ n
pościg
act of pursuing

pus /pʌs/ n
ropa
fluid found in regions of infection

push /pʊʃ/ [puʃ] [pʷʊʃ] v
pchać pchnąć popchnąć
to apply a force to something so that it moves away
pchać popychać
to continually attempt to persuade into a particular action

pushing up daisies adj
wąchać kwiatki od spodu
(euphemism) dead

pushy /ˈpʊ.ʃi/ adj
nachalny napastliwy
Aggressively ambitious; overly assertive, bold or determined

pussy /ˈpʊsi/ /ˈpʊsɪ/ adj
ropny
containing pus

pussy /ˈpʊsi/ /ˈpʊsɪ/ /ˈpʌsi/ n
kicia kiciuś
informal: affectionate term for a cat
cipa pizda cipsko
slang: female genitalia

pussy eating n
lizanie cipy lizanie pizdy mineta
cunnilingus

pussy-cat n
kicia kiciuś koteczek kotek
affectionate term for a cat

pussywhipped adj
pod pantoflem
submissive to or dominated by one's wife or other female partner

put /pʊt/ v
kłaść jebnąć pierdolnąć postawić stawiać umieścić
to place something somewhere

put off v
odłożyć przełożyć
to delay

put on v
wkładać włożyć
to don clothing

put out v
dawać dać
consent to sex
wygaszać
extinguish

put out of one's misery v
skrócić męki
informal: to euthanize

put to sleep v
usypiać uśpić
to cause someone to sleep
to give an anesthetic
to kill an animal

put together v
składać złożyć
create, assemble or build

put two and two together v
dodać dwa do dwóch
figure out

putative /ˈpju.tə.tɪv/ adj
domniemany
commonly believed or deemed to be the case

putsch /pʊtʃ/ n
pucz
a coup; an illegal effort to forcibly overthrow the current government

putty /ˈpʌti/ n
kit
a form of cement

puukko n
finka
a type of sharp, pointed knife of Nordic heritage

puzzle /ˈpʌzəl/ n
łamigłówka
game for one person
zagadka rebus
riddle

pylon /ˈpaɪ.lɒn/ n
słup wysokiego napięcia
a tower like structure used to support high voltage electricity cables

pyorrhea n
ropotok
discharge of pus

pyramid /ˈpɪɹəmɪd/ n
piramida
ancient construction
construction
piramida ostrosłup
in geometry, a solid with triangular lateral faces and a polygonal base

pyramidal /pɪˈɹæm.ɪ.dl̩/ adj
piramidalny
pyramid-shaped

pyre /ˈpaɪɚ/ n
stos pogrzebowy
funeral pile

pyrite /ˈpaɪ.ɹaɪt/ n
piryt
mineral iron disulfide

pyroclastic flow /ˈpʌɪ.ɹə.kla.stɪk fləʊ/ n
lawina piroklastyczna
pyroclastic flow

pyrogenic adj
pirogeniczny
of minerals formed at high temperatures
pirogeniczny pirogenny
producing or produced by heat

pyrogenically adv
pirogenicznie pirogennie
in a pyrogenic manner

pyrogenicity n
pirogeniczność pirogenność
condition or extent of being pyrogenic

pyroligneous acid n
ocet drzewny
dark liquid

pyromania /ˌpʌɪɹə(ʊ)ˈmeɪnɪə/ n
piromania
disorder

pyromaniac /ˌpaɪɹoʊˈmeɪniæk/ n
piroman piromanka
one who is obsessed with fire

pyrosis n
zgaga
burning sensation due to reflux

pyrotechnics /ˌpaɪ.ɹə.ˈtɛk.nəks/ n
pirotechnika
art and technology of fireworks

pyrrhic /ˈpɪɹ.ɪk/ adj
pyrrusowy
Of or characterized by pyrrhics

pysanka /ˈpɪsəŋkə/ n
pisanka
Easter egg decorated with intricate designs

python /ˈpaɪθɑːn/ /ˈpaɪθən/ n
pyton
constricting snake

pyuria n
ropomocz
the presence of pus in the urine

pyxidium n
torebka
a seed capsule in the form of a box

pâté /ˈpæt.eɪ/ n
pasztet
finely-ground paste of meat, fish or vegetables

quack /kwæk/ n
kwa
sound made by a duck
szarlatan
charlatan
medyk
doctor
konował
fraudulent or incompetent doctor of medicine

quack /kwæk/ v
kwakać
to make a noise like a duck

quackery n
szarlataneria szarlataństwo znachorstwo
practice

quadcopter n
quadcopter
rotorcraft

quadragenarian n
czterdziestolatek czterdziestolatka
one who is quadragenarian

quadratic equation n
równanie kwadratowe
second-degree equation

quadrature amplitude modulation n
kwadraturowa modulacja amplitudowo-fazowa modulacja QAM
method of sending information

quadriga /kwɑˈdɹi.ɡə/ /kwɒdˈɹiː.ɡə/ n
kwadryga
Roman racing chariot and team of four horses

quadrilateral /ˌkwɒd.ɹəˈlæt.əɹ.əl/ adj
czworoboczny
having four sides

quadrilateral /ˌkwɒd.ɹəˈlæt.əɹ.əl/ n
czworokąt czworobok
polygon having four sides

quadrillion /kwɑˈdɹɪli.ən/ /kwɒˈdɹɪljən/ /kwɔˈdɹɘljɘn/ /kwɔˈdɹɪljən/ numeral
kwadrylion
a million trillion, 1024
biliard
a thousand trillion, 1015

quadrinomial n
czworomian
expression

quadruped /ˈkwɒdɹəpɛd/ n
czworonóg
a four-footed or four-legged animal

quadruplet n
czworaczek
infant born as one of four

quads n
kareta
(slang) four of a kind

quaestor /ˈkwistɚ/ /ˈkwiːstə/ n
kwestor
Ancient Roman official

quaffle n
kafel
ball used in Quidditch

quagmire /ˈkwæɡ.maɪəɹ/ /ˈkwɒɡ.maɪə(ɹ)/ n
bagno trzęsawisko
swampy ground

quail /ˈkweɪl/ n
przepiórka
any of several small game birds

qualification /kwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ /ˌkwɑː.lə.fə.ˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
kwalifikacja
an ability or attribute that aids someone's chances of qualifying for something

qualitative /ˈkwɑl.ɪˌteɪ.tɪv/ /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.tə.tɪv/ adj
jakościowy
(chemistry) of a form of analysis that yields the identity of a compound
of descriptions or distinctions based on some quality rather than on some quantity

quality /ˈkwælɪti/ /ˈkwɑləti/ /ˈkwɒlɪti/ n
cecha przymiot
differentiating property or attribute
jakość
level of excellence
degree to which a man-made object or system is free from bugs and flaws

quantitative /ˈkwɑntɪˌteɪtɪv/ /ˈkwɒntətɪv/ /ˈkwɒntɪtətɪv/ adj
mierzalny

quantitative easing n
luzowanie ilościowe
monetary policy where the central bank creates money electronically

quantity /ˈkwæn.tɪ.ti/ /ˈkwɑn(t)ɨti/ /ˈkwɑndədi/ /ˈkwɒn.tɪ.ti/ n
ilość wielkość
fundamental, generic term used when referring to the measurement
ilość
indefinite amount of something
considerable measure or amount
specific measured amount

quantum /ˈkwɑntəm/ /ˈkwɒntəm/ [ˈkwɑn.tʰəm] adj
kwantowa kwantowe kwantowy
involving quanta

quantum /ˈkwɑntəm/ /ˈkwɒntəm/ [ˈkwɑn.tʰəm] n
kwant
indivisible unit of a given quantity
ilość
quantity

quantum dot n
kropka kwantowa
fluorescent nanoparticle

quantum electrodynamics n
elektrodynamika kwantowa
quantum electrodynamics

quantum mechanics n
mechanika kwantowa
branch of physics

quantum number n
liczba kwantowa
number that specifies the state of a quantum mechanical system

quantum well n
studnia kwantowa
potential well that confines particles

quarantine /ˈkwɑɹ.ən.tin/ /ˈkwɒɹ.ən.tiːn/ n
kwarantanna
sanitary measure isolating infected people
any rigorous measure of isolation
period of isolation
storage for suspected files

quarantine /ˈkwɑɹ.ən.tin/ /ˈkwɒɹ.ən.tiːn/ v
poddać kwarantannie
to retain in obligatory isolation or separation as a sanitary prevention

quark /kwɑɹk/ /kwɑːk/ /kwɔɹk/ /kwɔːk/ n
kwark
(physics) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle which forms matter
twaróg
soft creamy cheese

quarrel /ˈkwɒɹəl/ /ˈkwɔɹəl/ n
kłótnia spór sprzeczka awantura spięcie swar
verbal dispute or heated argument
bełt
square-headed arrow for a crossbow

quarry /ˈkwɒɹi/ /ˈkwɔɹi/ n
kamieniołom
site for mining stone
zwierzyna
animal which is hunted

quart /kwɔɹt/ /kwɔːt/ n
kwarta
a unit of liquid capacity

quarter /ˈk(w)ɔɹ.tɚ/ /ˈk(w)ɔːtə/ /ˈkoː.tɘ/ n
ćwierćdolarówka
coin worth 25 cents
ćwierć
one of four equal parts
kwartał
period of three months
dzielnica
section of a town

quarter of an hour n
kwadrans
fifteen minutes

quarter past n
kwadrans po
translations for "quarter past one"

quarter rest n
pauza ćwierćnutowa
rest as long as a quarter note

quarter-century n
ćwierćwiecze
period of twenty-five years

quarterfinal n
ćwierćfinał
competition in a tournament whose winners go on to play in the two semifinals

quarterly adj
kwartalny
occurring once every quarter year

quarterly adv
kwartalnie
once every quarter year

quarterly n
kwartalnik
periodical publication

quartet n
kwartet
four musicians who perform a piece of music together

quartz /kwɔɹts/ /kwɔːts/ n
kwarc
mineral

quasar /ˈkweɪ.zɑɹ/ /ˈkweɪ.zɑː/ n
kwazar
An extragalactic object

quash /kwɑʃ/ /kwɒʃ/ v
tłumić
to defeat forcibly
unieważniać
to void or suppress (a subpoena, decision)

quasi- /ˈkweɪ.zaɪ/ /ˈkwɑzi/ prefix
niby-
almost

quasiparticle n
kwazicząstka
entity that has some characteristics of a distinct particle

quaternion /kwəˈtəːni.ən/ n
kwaternion
a four-dimensional hypercomplex number

quaver n
ósemka
(music) an eighth note

quay /keɪ/ /ki/ /kiː/ n
nabrzeże molo
structure for loading and unloading vessels

quayside /ˈkiːsaɪd/ n
nabrzeże
an area alongside a quay

queen /kwiːn/ n
kotka kocica
adult female cat
hetman dama królowa
chess piece
królowa hetman
female monarch
reproductive female animal in a hive
wife of a king
dama krala królowa
playing card
caryca
powerful or forceful female person
ciota homo pedał
slang: male homosexual

queen bee n
królowa
reproductive female bee

queen mother n
królowa matka
widowed queen consort whose son or daughter from that marriage is the reigning monarch

queen of beasts n
królowa zwierząt
the lioness

quench /kwɛnt͡ʃ/ v
gasić
to satisfy thirst

quenching /ˈkwɛntʃ.ɪŋ/ n
hartowanie
rapid cooling of hot metal object

quern /kwɜːn/ /kwɝn/ n
żarna
mill

querulously /ˈkwɛɹ.jə.ləs.li/ /ˈkwɛɹ.ʊ.ləs.li/ adv
płaczliwie
with grumbling, complaining or whining

query /ˈkwɪ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪə.ɹi/ n
kwerenda zapytanie
computing: set of instructions passed to a database
pytanie
question or inquiry

query /ˈkwɪ.ɹi/ /ˈkwɪə.ɹi/ v
pytać
ask a question
wysłać zapytanie
computing: search database
kwestionować
question

quesadilla /ˌkeɪ̯səˈdi(j)ə/ /ˌkeɪ̯səˈdiː(l)jə/ n
quesadilla
Mexican dish

quest /kwɛst/ n
poszukiwania poszukiwanie
journey or effort in pursuit of a goal

question /ˈkwɛst͡ʃən/ n
pytanie
sentence, phrase or word
doubt or challenge
kwestia pytanie
subject or topic

question /ˈkwɛst͡ʃən/ v
pytać
ask questions of
kwestionować
raise doubts about

question mark n
znak zapytania pytajnik
punctuation

questionable /ˈkwɛst͡ʃənəbl̩/ adj
kontrowersyjny
of dubious respectability or morality
kontrowersyjny sporny wątpliwy
problematic; open to doubt or challenge

questionnaire /ˌk(w)estʃəˈnɛə/ /ˌkwɛs.t͡ʃəˈnɛ͡ɹ/ n
ankieta kwestionariusz
form containing a list of questions

queue /kju/ /kjuː/ n
kolejka
data structure
kolejka ogonek
line of people
lista oczekujących kolejka
waiting list

queue /kju/ /kjuː/ v
stanąć w kolejce stać w kolejce
put oneself at the end of a queue

quick /kwɪk/ adj
szybki
moving with speed

quick as a flash adv
błyskawicznie
extremely quickly

quick-and-dirty adj
zgrubna zgrubny
hasty, approximate, temporarily adequate

quickie /ˈkwɪki/ n
numerek
brief sexual encounter

quicklime n
wapno wapno niegaszone
calcium oxide

quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ adv
szybko bystro prędko
rapidly, fast

quicksand n
kurzawka
type of sand

quicksilver /ˈkwɪkˌsɪlvɚ/ n
rtęć
mercury

quiet /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt/ adj
spokojny
having little motion
cichy
with little sound

quiet /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt/ v
uciszyć się uspokajać się uspokoić się zamilknąć
to become quiet
uciszać uciszyć uspokajać uspokoić
to cause someone to become quiet

quietism n
kwietyzm
form of mysticism

quietly /ˈkwaɪ.ɪt.li/ adv
cicho
in a quiet manner

quill /kwɪl/ n
pióro gęsie pióro
pen made of feather

quim /kwɪm/ n
cipa cipsko pizda
(vulgar, slang) female genitalia

quince /kwɪns/ n
pigwa
fruit
tree

quinceañera /ˌkɪnseɪ.ənˈjɛɹə/ n
quinceañera
in Mexico, fifteenth birthday celebration for a young woman

quinine /ˈkwɪniːn/ n
chinina
alkaloid used to treat malaria

quinoa /ˈkinˌwɑ/ /ˈkiːnwɑː/ n
kwinoa komosa ryżowa
Chenopodium quinoa

quinquagenarian adj
pięćdziesięciolatek pięćdziesięciolatka
being between the age of 50 and 59

quinquagenarian n
pięćdziesięciolatek pięćdziesięciolatka
One who is between the age of 50 and 59

quinternion n
kwinternion
five gathered sheets of paper folded in two

quintessence /kwɪn.ˈtɛs.əns/ n
kwintesencja
most perfect example of its type

quintet /kwɪnˈtɛt/ n
kwintet
(music) a group of five musicians

quintillion numeral
trylion
a billion billion, 1018

quirk /kwɜːk/ n
dziwactwo
idiosyncrasy

quirky adj
dziwaczny
given to quirks or idiosyncrasies

quite /kwaɪt/ adv
całkiem
to a moderate extent
całkiem całkowicie
to the greatest extent; completely
in a fully justified sense; truly

quiver /ˈkwɪvə/ /ˈkwɪvəɹ/ n
kołczan
arrow container
drżenie
shaking or moving with a slight trembling motion

quiver /ˈkwɪvə/ /ˈkwɪvəɹ/ v
drżeć
shake or move with slight and tremulous motion

quiz /kwɪz/ n
kartkówka
a school examination of less importance
kwiz turniej
competition in the answering of questions

quod n
więzienie
a prison

quod erat demonstrandum phraseologicalUnit
co było do okazania co było do udowodnienia

quoll /ˈkwɒl/ n
niełaz
carnivorous marsupial of the genus Dasyurus

quorum /ˈkwɔː.ɹəm/ /ˈkwɔːɹ.əm/ n
kworum
minimum number of members required

quota /ˈkwoʊtə/ n
norma
prescribed number or percentage
dola przydział
proportional part or share; share or proportion assigned to each in a division

quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃən/ n
wycena
act of naming a price; price that has been quoted
cytat
fragment of a human expression

quotation marks /kwoʊˈteɪʃən mɑɹks/ /kwəʊˈteɪʃən mɑːks/ n
cudzysłów
Note: These languages use “◌”-style marks or other styles as indicated. Some are singular and some plural.

quote /kwəʊt/ n
cudzysłów
a quotation mark
cytat
a statement attributed to someone else

quote /kwəʊt/ v
wyceniać
to prepare a summary of work to be done and set a price
cytować
to refer to a statement that has been made by someone else

quotidian /kwəˈtɪdɪən/ /kwɵˈtɪdɪən/ adj
codzienny potoczny powszedni
common, mundane
codzienny
daily

quotient /ˈkwoʊʃənt/ /ˈkwəʊʃənt/ n
iloraz
number resulting from division
result of inverse of multiplication defined for non-numerical mathematical entities

rabbi /ˈɹæ.baɪ/ n
rabin
Jewish scholar or teacher

rabbinic /ɹəˈbɪnɪk/ adj
rabinacki
Relating to rabbis

rabbinical /rəˈbɪnəkəl/ adj
rabiniczny
Referring to rabbis, their writings, or their work

rabbit /ˈɹæbət/ /ˈɹæbɪt/ n
królik
mammal

rabble /ˈɹæbəl/ n
hałastra hołota motłoch
a disorderly crowd
bydło męty
the mass of common people; the lowest class of people

rabies /ˈɹeɪ.biz/ n
wścieklizna
viral disease

raccoon /ɹæˈkun/ /ɹəˈkuːn/ n
szop
nocturnal omnivore living in North America, Procyon lotor

raccoon dog n
jenot
Nyctereutes procyonoides

race /ɹeɪs/ n
wyścig
contest
rasa
a breed or strain of domesticated animal
a large group of people set apart from others on the basis of a common heritage
a population geographically separated from others of its species that develops significantly different characteristics; informal for subspecies
a large group of people set apart from others on the basis of common, physical characteristics
one of the categories from the many subcategorizations of the human species

race /ɹeɪs/ v
ścigać
to take part in a race

racemate n
mieszanina racemiczna racemat
racemic mixture

racial /ˈɹeɪʃəl/ adj
rasowy
of or relating to a race (or a people)

racism /ˈɹeɪsɪzm̩/ n
rasizm
racial prejudice or discrimination

racist /ˈɹeɪsɪst/ adj
rasistowski
relating to racism

racist /ˈɹeɪsɪst/ n
rasista rasistka
person who believes a particular race is superior to others.

racistly adv
rasistowsko
in a racist manner

rack /ɹæk/ n
żeberka
cut of meat

racket /ˈɹækɪt/ n
hałas harmider wrzawa
loud noise

raconteur /ˌɹæk.ɑnˈtɝ/ /ˌɹæk.ɒnˈtəː/ n
gawędziarz
storyteller

rada n
rada
a parliamentary body in a number of Slavic countries

radian n
radian
unit

radiance /ˈɹeɪdi.əns/ n
radiancja
the flux of radiation emitted per unit solid angle in a given direction by a unit area of a source
blask
the quality of being radiant, shining, bright or splendid

radiation /ɹaɪ.di.ˈaɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɹeɪ.di.ˈeɪ.ʃən/ n
promieniowanie
process of radiating waves or particles
shooting forth of anything from a point or surface
radioactive energy

radiator /ˈɹeɪ.diˌeɪ.tɚ/ n
emiter
anything which radiates or emits rays
radiator
device that lowers engine coolant temperature by conducting heat to the air
kaloryfer
finned metal fixture that carries hot water or steam in order to heat a room

radical /ˈɹædɪkəl/ adj
rodnik
chemistry: involving free radicals

radical /ˈɹædɪkəl/ n
pierwiastek
arithmetic: root (of a number or quantity)
klucz pierwiastek
linguistics: portion of a character that provides an indication of its meaning
rodnik
organic chemistry: free radical
radykał
person with radical opinions

radicalism n
radykalizm
social or political movements that aim at fundamental change in the structure of society

radicalization n
radykalizacja
the process or result of radicalizing

radicalize v
radykalizować zradykalizować
(transitive) to make radical

radio /ˈɹeɪdiˌoʊ/ /ˈɹeɪdiˌəʊ/ n
radio radioodbiornik
receiver
radio
technology
radio radionadajnik radiostacja
transmitter

radio astronomy n
radioastronomia
branch of astronomy

radio beacon n
radiolatarnia
beacon that emits radiowave

radio drama /ˈɹeɪdiˌoʊ dɹɑmə/ /ˈɹeɪdiˌəʊ dɹɑːmə/ n
słuchowisko
acoustic performance

radio telescope n
radioteleskop
astronomical device

radioactive /ˌɹeɪdioʊˈaktɪv/ /ˌɹeɪdioʊˈæktɪv/ adj
radioaktywny promieniotwórczy
exhibiting radioactivity

radioactive fallout n
opad promieniotwórczy
material from a radioactive plume

radioactivity n
radioaktywność promieniotwórczość
emission of ionizing radiation

radiochemistry n
radiochemia
chemistry of radioactive substances

radioisotope n
radioizotop
a radioactive isotope of an element

radiolocation n
radiolokacja

radiological adj
radiologiczny
pertaining to radiation, radioactivity or nuclear weapons

radiologist /ˌɹeɪ.diːˈɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ n
radiolog
practitioner of radiology

radiology n
radiologia
the use of radiation in diagnosis

radiometer n
radiometr
device that measures radiant energy

radionuclide n
radionuklid
radioactive nuclide

radiophonic adj
radiofoniczny
Describing sound effects created to accompany radio broadcasts
of or pertaining to the radiophone

radish /ˈɹadɪʃ/ /ˈɹædɪʃ/ n
rzodkiewka
edible root
rzodkiew rzodkiewka
plant

radium /ˈɹeɪ.di.əm/ /ˈɹeɪ.dɪ.əm/ n
rad
chemical element with an atomic number of 88

radius /ˈɹeɪ.di.əs/ n
kość promieniowa
bone (human)
promień
length of this line segment
line segment

radix /ɹeɪ.dɪks/ n
podstawa
mathematics: number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers

radon /ˈɹeɪdɒn/ n
radon
chemical element

raft /ɹæft/ /ɹɑːft/ n
tratwa
flat, floating structure
inflatable floating craft

rafter /ˈɹæftəɹ/ /ˈɹɑːftə(ɹ)/ n
krokiew
one of a series of sloped beams

rag /ɹæɡ/ n
szmata ścierka
piece of cloth

rag doll n
szmaciana lalka
a doll made from cloth and rags

rage /ɹeɪdʒ/ n
wściekłość szał amok
a violent anger

ragweed n
ambrozja
plant of the genus Ambrosia

raid /ɹeɪd/ n
najazd najście nalot
attack for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering

raider /ˈɹeɪdɚ/ n
grabieżca łupieżca
one who engages in a raid

rail /ɹeɪl/ n
szyna
metal bar

railcar n
drezyna spalinowa
self-propelled railroad vehicle

railing [ˈɹeɪlɪŋ] n
reling
fence or barrier

railroad tie n
podkład
piece supporting the rails of a railroad

railway /ˈɹeɪlˌweɪ/ n
kolej linia kolejowa
track, consisting of parallel rails
kolej kolej żelazna
transport system using these rails

railway station n
dworzec dworzec kolejowy
an urban terminal for a number of trains
stacja kolejowa
place where trains stop

railwayman n
kolejarz
man who works on a railway

rain /ɹeɪn/ n
deszcz
condensed water from a cloud
an instance of particles falling
any matter falling

rain /ɹeɪn/ v
padać
of rain: to fall from the sky
to fall in large quantities

rain cats and dogs v
lać jak z cebra
to rain very heavily

rain gauge n
deszczomierz pluwiometr
device to measure rainfall

rainbow /ˈɹeɪnboʊ/ /ˈɹeɪnbəʊ/ adj
tęczowy
multicoloured

rainbow /ˈɹeɪnboʊ/ /ˈɹeɪnbəʊ/ n
wachlarz
assortment, varied multitude
tęcza
multicoloured arch in the sky

rainbow trout n
pstrąg tęczowy
Oncorhynchus mykiss (countable)

raincoat /ˈɹeɪnkoʊt/ /ˈɹeɪnkəʊt/ n
płaszcz przeciwdeszczowy
waterproof coat

raindrop /ˈɹeɪndɹɑp/ /ˈɹeɪndɹɒp/ n
kropla deszczu
droplet of rainwater

rainforest n
las deszczowy
type of forest

rainwater n
deszczówka
water sourced from rain

rainy /ˈɹeɪni/ adj
deszczowy dżdżysty
abounding with rain

rainy season n
pora deszczowa
portion of the year when rainfall amounts are greatest

raise /ɹeɪz/ n
podwyżka
increase in wages

raise /ɹeɪz/ v
podnieść
to cause to rise
to exponentiate
uzyskać zebrać
to collect

raise the bar v
podnieść poprzeczkę
to raise standards

raised bog n
torfowisko wysokie

raisin /ˈɹeɪzn̩/ /ˈɹiːzən/ n
rodzynek rodzynka
dried grape

rajah /ˈɹɑː.dʒə/ n
radża
Hindu prince

rake /ɹeɪk/ n
grabie
garden tool

rake /ɹeɪk/ v
przeczesywać
search thoroughly
ostrzeliwać
spray with gunfire
grabić
use a rake on

rake up v
zgarniać zgrabić
to collect (leaves etc.) into a pile by using a rake

rales /ɹeɪɫs/ /ɹɑːls/ n
rzężenia
symptom

rally /ˈɹæ.li/ n
manifestacja wiec
demonstration
rajd
motor racing: event

ram /ɹæm/ n
baran tryk
male sheep
siłownik
piston powered by hydraulic pressure

rambling /ˈɹæm.blɪŋ/ n
rozwlekły
meandering talk

ramen /ɹɑːmən/ n
ramen
soup noodles of wheat, with various ingredients (Japanese style)

ramie n
szczmiel
Boehmeria nivea

rampart /ˈɹæm.pɑː(ɹ)t/ n
szaniec wał obronny
defensive ridge of earth
szaniec
protection against intrusion

rampart /ˈɹæm.pɑː(ɹ)t/ v
bronić ochraniać
To defend with a rampart; fortify or surround with a rampart

rampion n
zerwa
Phyteuma

ramrod n
sztępel
device used with early firearms

ramshackle /ˈɹæmˌʃæk.əl/ adj
rozklekotany rozpadający się
in disrepair or disorder

ramsons n
czosnek niedźwiedzi trzemucha
Allium ursinum

rancid /ˈɹænsɪd/ adj
zjełczały
being rank in taste or smell

rancidification n
jełczenie
process of becoming rancid

random /ˈɹændəm/ adj
przypadkowy losowy
all outcomes being unpredictable
bez związku od czapy
apropos of nothing
losowy pseudolosowy
computing: pseudorandom
losowy
mathematics: of or relating to probability distribution
przeciętny statystyczny
undistinguished, average

random number /ˈɹændəm ˈnʌmbə/ n
liczba losowa
number allotted randomly using a suitable generator

randomness /ˈɹændəmnəs/ n
losowość
property of all possible outcomes being equally likely

range /ɹeɪndʒ/ n
strzelnica
area for practicing shooting
pastwisko
area of open, often unfenced, grazing land
kuchenka piec
large stove with many hotplates
pasmo górskie
line of mountains, buildings etc.
zasięg
maximum reach of capability
gama wybór
selection, array

range pole n
tyczka geodezyjna
Rod or pole marked with alternating red and white bands used by surveyors

rangefinder n
dalmierz
instrument

ranger /ˈɹeɪndʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹeɪndʒɚ/ n
strażnik leśny
Park ranger

rank /ɹæŋk/ n
szeregi
rząd
chess: one of the horizontal lines of squares
maximal number of linearly independent columns (or rows) of a matrix
ranga stopień
hierarchical level in an organization

rankle /ˈɹæŋ.kəl/ v
boleć dręczyć
to cause irritation
jątrzyć zaognić
to fester

ransom /ˈɹænsəm/ n
okup
money paid for the freeing of a hostage

ransomware n
oprogramowanie szantażujące oprogramowanie wymuszające okup
malware

rant /ɹænt/ n
tyrada
criticism
pieklenie się tyrada żołądkowanie się
incoherent and emotional articulation

rant /ɹænt/ v
produkować się
to criticise by ranting

rap /ɹæp/ v
rapować
to speak lyrics in the style of rap music

rap music n
rap
music form

rapacious /ɹəˈpeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
pazerny
avaricious

rape /ɹeɪp/ n
gwałt
act of forcing sexual activity

rape /ɹeɪp/ v
naruszyć
cause damage, destruction to a countryside, nature etc
gwałcić zgwałcić
force sexual intercourse

rape culture n
kultura gwałtu
rape culture

rapeseed n
rzepak
rapeseed plant

rapid /ˈɹæpɪd/ adj
szybki
Very swift or quick

rapid /ˈɹæpɪd/ n
bystrze bystrzyna szypot progi
section of river

rapidity /ɹəˈpɪdɪti/ n
szybkość
speed, swiftness

rapidly /ˈɹæpɪdli/ adv
szybko
with speed

rapist /ˈɹeɪpɪst/ n
gwałciciel gwałcicielka
someone who rapes someone else

rapper n
raper
performer of rap music, or one who raps

rara avis n
biały kruk
rare or unique person or thing

rare /ɹɛə/ /ɹɛəɹ/ [ɹɜɹ] adj
rzadki
very uncommon
krwisty
cooked very lightly

rare earth element n
metal ziem rzadkich
type of metal

rarefied adj
rozrzedzony
less dense than usual

rarely /ˈɹɛːli/ adv
rzadko
not occurring at a regular interval

rarity /ˈɹɛə.ɹə.tɪ/ /ˈɹɛɹ.ə.ti/ n
rzadkość
measure of the scarcity of an object
rarytas biały kruk
rare object

rascal /ˈɹæskl̩/ /ˈɹɑːskl̩/ adj
hołota
part of the common rabble

rascal /ˈɹæskl̩/ /ˈɹɑːskl̩/ n
łajdak szubrawiec łotr urwis łobuziak łobuz
cheeky person

rash /ɹæʃ/ n
wysypka
of skin
lawina
surge in problems

rasp n
tarnik
coarse file

raspberry /ˈɹæzˌbɛɹi/ /ˈɹɑːzbɹi/ adj
malinowy
containing or having the flavor/flavour of raspberries
the colour

raspberry /ˈɹæzˌbɛɹi/ /ˈɹɑːzbɹi/ n
malina
fruit
plant

rassolnik n
zupa ogórkowa
a soup in Russian cuisine

raster graphics n
bitmapa grafika bitmapowa grafika rastrowa
structure representing grid of pixels

rat /ɹæt/ n
szczur
rodent
donosiciel kapuś szpicel
traitor

rat /ɹæt/ v
donosić kapować sypać
to tell on someone

rat race n
wyścig szczurów
activity which is hectic, tedious, and congested with participants

rate /ɹeɪt/ n
cena taryfa
price of individual thing
tempo
proportional relationship between amounts
szybkość
relative speed of change or progress
cennik stawka taryfa
set price or fee determined in relation to a particular scale or standard
opłata
tax levied by a local authority
akord
wage calculated in relation to a unit of time

rate /ɹeɪt/ v
oceniać ocenić
assign a particular rank or level

rather /ˈɹæðɚ/ /ˈɹɑːðə/ /ˌɹɑːˈðɜː(ɹ)/ adv
raczej
preferably
dosyć dość
somewhat, fairly

ratification n
ratyfikacja
act or process of ratifying, or the state of being ratified

ratify /ˈɹætɪfaɪ/ v
ratyfikować zatwierdzać zatwierdzić
give formal consent to

ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃi.əʊ/ /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/ n
stosunek
arithmetics: relative magnitude of two quantities expressed as quotient
stosunek współczynnik
number representing comparison

ration /ˈɹæʃən/ n
racja
portion allocated

rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/ adj
wymierny racjonalny
arithmetic: of a number
racjonalny
capable of reasoning
arithmetic: of an algebraic expression
racjonalny rozsądny
reasonable; not absurd

rational number n
liczba wymierna
quotient of integers

rationale /ɹæ.ʃəˈnæl/ /ɹæ.ʃəˈnɑːl/ n
uzasadnienie
justification or rationalization
racjonał
liturgical vestment

rationalism n
racjonalizm
philosophical theory

ratline n
wyblinki
net like ropework of the shrouds

rattle /ˈɹæt.l̩/ n
grzechotka
baby’s toy
grzechotanie
sound

rattlesnake n
grzechotnik
venomous snake

ravelin n
rawelin
fortification outside a castle

raven /ˈɹeɪvən/ n
kruk
bird

ravenous /ˈɹævənəs/ adj
zachłanny żarłoczny
very hungry

ravine /ɹəˈviːn/ /ˈɹævɪn/ n
wąwóz jar
a deep narrow valley

ravishing adj
czarowny zachwycający
Extremely beautiful

raw /ɹɑ/ /ɹɒ/ /ɹɔ/ /ɹɔː/ adj
surowy
uncooked
untreated
crude in quality

raw material n
surowiec
material in its unprocessed, natural state
input to an installation which processes it

ray /ɹeɪ/ n
promień
beam of light or radiation
promień półprosta
mathematics: line extending indefinitely in one direction from a point
płaszczka
marine fish with a flat body, large wing-like fins, and a whip-like tail

raze /ɹeɪz/ v
zburzyć
to demolish

razor /ˈɹeɪzə/ n
brzytwa
shaving knife
szabla
tusk of wild boar

razor blade n
żyletka
razor blade

razor wire n
drut ostrzowy
a form of security wire

re-Polonizing adj
repolonizacyjny
restoring to a (more) Polish character

reach /ɹiːt͡ʃ/ n
zasięg
ability to reach or touch
rozciągnięcie sięgnięcie
act of stretching or extending; extension
rozciągłość
extent; stretch; expanse

reach /ɹiːt͡ʃ/ v
docierać dotrzeć
to arrive at by effort
sięgać sięgnąć
to extend, to thrust out
dosięgać dosięgnąć
to obtain by stretching forth, to extend so as to touch

reactance n
reaktancja
opposition to the change in current

reaction /ɹiˈækʃən/ n
reakcja
action in response to an event
chemical transformation

reactionary /ɹiˈækʃən(ə)ɹi/ /ɹiˈækʃəˌnɛɹi/ adj
reakcjonistyczny reakcyjny
opposed to change

reactionary /ɹiˈækʃən(ə)ɹi/ /ɹiˈækʃəˌnɛɹi/ n
reakcjonista
such a person

reactivation n
reaktywacja
the activation of something previously inactive or inactivated

reactor /ɹiˈæktɚ/ /ɹiːˈæktə/ n
reagent
a chemical substance which responds to the presence or contact with another substance
reaktor
a device which uses atomic energy to produce heat

read /ɹid/ /ɹiːd/ v
czytać przeczytać
look at and interpret letters or other information
have the ability to read text or other information
czytać studiować
make a study of
czytać się
of text, etc., to be interpreted or read in a particular way
czytać odczytać odczytywać
speak aloud words or other information that is written

read between the lines v
czytać między wierszami
infer a meaning that is not stated explicitly

read-only memory n
pamięć tylko do odczytu
memory chip that stores values but doesn't allow updates

readability n
czytelność
property of being capable of being read; legibility

reader /ˈɹidɚ/ /ˈɹiːdə/ n
czytnik
any device that reads something
czytelnik czytelniczka
person who reads a publication

readiness n
gotowość
state or degree of being ready

reading /ˈɹiːdɪŋ/ n
czytanie
process of interpreting written language

reading room n
czytelnia
space set aside for reading

ready /ˈɹɛdi/ adj
gotowy
prepared for immediate action or use

reagent /ɹi.ˈeɪ.dʒɛnt/ n
reagent
substance used in chemical reactions

real /ˈɹiːəl/ adj
realny rzeczowy
law: relating to immovable tangible property
realny
that has physical existence
prawdziwy
true, genuine, not merely nominal
genuine, unfeigned, sincere

real estate /ˈɹiːl əˌsteɪt/ n
nieruchomość
property that cannot easily be moved

real life n
życie
life outside of a contrived or fantastical environment

real number n
liczba rzeczywista
limit of a convergent sequence of rational numbers

real socialism n
realny socjalizm
a pragmatic brand of socialism

real-valued adj
o wartościach rzeczywistych
function having only real values

realia /ɹeɪˈɑːlɪə/ n
realia
real objects or facts

realist /ˈɹɪəlɪst/ n
realista
advocate of artistic realism
one who sees things as they are

realistic /ˌɹiːjəˈlɪstɪk/ adj
realistyczny
expressed or represented as being accurate

reality /ɹiˈælɪti/ n
rzeczywistość
entirety of all that is real
state of being actual or real
a real entity, event etc.
an individual observer's subjective perception

reality show n
reality show
a reality television program

realization /ˌɹiəlɪˈzeɪʃən/ /ˌɹɪəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n
uświadomienie
act of figuring out or becoming aware

realize /ˈɹi.ə.laɪz/ /ˈɹɪə.laɪz/ v
spostrzec uświadomić sobie zdawać sobie sprawę zdać sobie sprawę
to become aware of
realizować
to convert any kind of property into money
to convert into actual money
realizować tworzyć ziszczać ziścić
to make real

really /ˈɹɪli/ /ˈɹɪəlɪ/ adv
naprawdę zaiste zaprawdę
actually
naprawdę
informally, as an intensifier; very, very much

really /ˈɹɪli/ /ˈɹɪəlɪ/ interjection
naprawdę właśnie
indicating affirmation, agreement
doprawdy
indicating displeasure at another person's behaviour
czyżby doprawdy naprawdę
indicating surprise at, or requesting confirmation of, some new information

realpolitik /ɹeɪˈɑlpoʊlɪˌtik/ /ɹeɪˈɑːlpɒlɪˌtiːk/ n
Realpolitik
pragmatic international government policy

realtime /ˈɹiːəltaɪm/ adj
w czasie rzeczywistym
computer term

ream /ɹiːm/ n
ryza
bundle of paper

ream /ɹiːm/ v
poszerzać rozwiercać
to enlarge a hole

reamer /ˈɹi.məɹ/ n
rozwiertak
tool for boring

reap /ɹiːp/ v
kosić żąć
to cut with a sickle

reaper n
żeniec żniwiarz
one who reaps

rearguard /ˈɹɪəɹˌɡɑɹd/ n
ariergarda straż tylna
the rearmost part of a force

reason /ˈɹiːzən/ n
rozum
(the capacity of the human mind for) rational thinking
powód
motive for an action or determination
przyczyna powód
that which causes: a cause

reason /ˈɹiːzən/ v
przekonywać
to converse; to compare opinions
rozumować
to deduce by being rational

reasonable /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bəl/ adj
rozsądny
inexpensive
uzasadniony
just; fair; agreeable to reason
satysfakcjonujący
satisfactory

reassure /ɹiəˈʃʊə(ɹ)/ /ɹiəˈʃʊɹ/ v
upewniać upewnić
to assure anew; to restore confidence to; to free from fear or self-doubt

rebel /ɹɪˈbɛl/ /ˈɹɛbəl/ n
buntownik powstaniec
person who resists an established authority

rebel /ˈɹɛbəl/ v
buntować się
to resist or become defiant towards

rebellion /ɹɪˈbɛli.ən/ n
rebelia bunt powstanie rewolta
armed resistance
bunt
defiance

rebirth /ɹiˈbɜːθ/ /ɹiˈbɝθ/ n
odrodzenie
revival, reinvigoration

reboot /ɹiːˈbuːt/ /ˈɹiːbuːt/ n
ponowne uruchomienie ponowny rozruch
instance of rebooting

reboot /ɹiːˈbuːt/ /ˈɹiːbuːt/ v
uruchomić ponownie
To execute a computer's boot process and reload the operating system

reborn adj
wskrzeszony
reincarnated

rebuke /ɹiˈbjuːk/ n
zbesztanie
harsh criticism

rebuke /ɹiˈbjuːk/ v
rugać zrugać
to criticise harshly; to reprove

rebus /ˈɹiːbəs/ n
rebus
puzzle

rebut /ɹɪ.ˈbʌt/ v
obalać
deny the truth of something
odrzucać
drive back or beat back; to repulse

recall /ɹɪˈkɔl/ /ɹɪˈkɔːl/ /ˈɹiˌkɔl/ /ˈɹiːkɔːl/ n
odwołanie pamięć pokrycie przywołanie

recapitulation /ɹiː.kəˌpɪ.tʃəˈleɪ.ʃ(ə)n/ /ˌɹiːkəˌpɪtjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n
streszczenie
subsequent enumeration of the major points

receipt /ɹɪˈsiːt/ n
paragon
written acknowledgement

receive /ɹɪˈsiːv/ v
otrzymać dostać
take what is offered, accept from another

receiver /ɹəˈsivɚ/ /ɹəˈsiːvə/ n
odbiornik
electronic device

recent /ˈɹiːsənt/ adj
niedawny ostatni świeży
having happened a short while ago

recently /ˈɹiːsəntli/ adv
niedawno ostatnio ostatnimi czasy
in the recent past

reception /ɹɪˈsɛp.ʃn̩/ n
odbiór
act of receiving
zasięg
electronics: act or ability to receive signals
recepcja
front desk
przyjęcie
social engagement

receptionist /ɹɪˈsɛpʃənəst/ n
recepcjonista recepcjonistka
employee who receives visitors and/or calls, typically in an office setting

recidivist /ɹɪˈsɪdəvɪst/ /ɹɪˈsɪdɪvɪst/ n
recydywista recydywistka
one who falls back into prior habits, especially criminal habits

recipe /ˈɹɛs.ɪ.pi/ n
przepis
instructions for making or preparing food dishes
przepis recepta
plan or procedure to obtain a given end result

recipient /ɹəˈsɪp.i.ənt/ n
odbiorca odbiorczyni
one who receives

reciprocal /ɹɪˈsɪpɹək(ə)l/ adj
wzajemny
done by each of two people towards the other
odwrotny
done, given, felt, or owed in return

reciprocal /ɹɪˈsɪpɹək(ə)l/ n
odwrotność
in mathematics

recital n
motyw
a formal explanation of the reasons on which the transaction is founded

recitation /ˌɹɛsəˈteɪʃən/ n
recytacja deklamacja
act of reciting
tekst
material recited

recite /ɹɪˈsaɪt/ v
recytować
to repeat aloud some passage, poem or other text

reckless /ˈɹɛkləs/ adj
lekkomyślny nierozważny
careless or heedless; headstrong or rash
lekkomyślny
indifferent to danger or the consequences

reckoning n
rozliczenie
the action of calculating or estimating something

recognisable adj
rozpoznawalny
recognisable

recognize /ˈɹɛkənaɪz/ /ˈɹɛkəɡnaɪz/ v
uznać
to acknowledge the existence or legality of something
rozpoznać poznać
to match in memory; to know from a previous encounter

recoil n
odrzut
pushback from a fired firearm

recollection /ɹiˌkəˈlɛkʃən/ /ɹɛkəˈlɛkʃən/ n
wspomnienia
act of recalling to the memory

recommend /ɹɛkəˈmɛnd/ v
polecać
to commend to the favorable notice of another

recommendation /ˌɹɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃən/ n
polecenie zalecenie
that which is recommended

reconcile /ˈɹɛkənsaɪl/ v
pogodzić pogodzić się
to restore a friendly relationship

reconciliation /ˌɹɛkənˌsɪlɪˈeɪʃən/ n
rekoncyliacja
Roman Catholic sacrament
pojednanie pogodzenie zgoda porozumienie ugoda
reestablishment of friendly relations

reconnaissance /ɹɪˈkɒnəsəns/ n
rekonesans zwiad
act of gathering information

reconstruction n
odtworzenie rekonstrukcja
act of restoring
attempt to understand
rekonstrukcja
something reconstructed or restored

recook v
odgrzać
cook again

record /ɹɨˈkɔːd/ /ɹɪˈkɔɹd/ /ˈɹɛkɔːd/ /ˈɹɛkɚd/ n
rekord
most extreme known value of some achievement

record /ɹɨˈkɔːd/ /ɹɪˈkɔɹd/ /ˈɹɛkɔːd/ /ˈɹɛkɚd/ v
notować
make a record of
nagrać
make an audio or video recording of

record label n
wytwórnia płytowa label wytwórnia
record company

recorder n
nagrywarka rejestrator
recording device
flet prosty
musical instrument

recording n
nagranie
reproduction stored in a permanent medium

recover /ɹɪˈkʌvə/ /ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/ v
wyzdrowieć zdrowieć
intransitive: to get better, regain health

recruitment n
rekrutacja
process or art of finding candidates or recruits

rectangle n
prostokąt
quadrilateral

rectified spirit n
spirytus
purified alcohol

rectify /ˈɹɛktəˌfaɪ/ v
prostować
to convert alternating current into direct current
poprawiać poprawić
to correct or amend something
destylować
to purify or refine by distillation

rectitude /ˈɹɛk.tə.tuːd/ /ˈɹɛk.tɪ.tjuːd/ n
prawość
rightness of principle or practice

rector /ˈɹɛktə/ /ˈɹɛktɚ/ n
proboszcz
cleric in charge of a parish
rektor
headmaster

rectum /ˈɹɛktəm/ n
odbytnica
terminal part of the large intestine

recumbent n
rower poziomy
special type of bicycle

recuperate /ɹɪˈk(j)uːpəˌɹeɪt/ v
wyzdrowieć zdrowieć
recover from illness

recurring adj
okresowy
math:having a set of digits that is repeated indefinitely

recursion n
rekurencja
in mathematics

recursive adj
rekurencyjny
computing: of a program or function that calls itself
mathematics: of an expression, in which each term is determined by applying a formula to preceding terms

recursively enumerable adj
rekurencyjnie przeliczalny
(computing theory) of a set, such that there exists a deterministic algorithm which will list all the items in the set and no others

recycle /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ v
przetwarzać przetworzyć
to break down and reuse component materials

red /ɹɛd/ adj
czerwony
having red as its colour
left-wing, socialist or communist
rudy czerwony
of hair: orange-brown

red /ɹɛd/ n
czerwień czerwony
colour

red bandfish n
wstęgówka
Cepola macrophthalma

red blood cell n
erytrocyt czerwona krwinka
haemoglobin-carrying blood cell in vertebrates

red card n
czerwona kartka
sports: card

red carpet n
czerwony dywan
a strip of red carpet laid for a VIP

red cent n
grosz złamany szeląg
a very small amount of money in the negative

red currant /ˈɹɛdˌkɜɹənt/ /ˈɹɛdˌkʌɹənt/ n
czerwona porzeczka
fruit
plant

red fox n
lis rudy
Vulpes vulpes

red grouse n
pardwa szkocka
Lagopus lagopus scotica

red kite n
kania ruda
Milvus milvus

red knot n
biegus rdzawy
the bird Calidris canutus

red meat n
czerwone mięso
meat

red panda n
panda mała
Ailurus fulgens

red phalarope n
płatkonóg płaskodzioby
Phalaropus fulicarius

red valerian n
ostrogowiec
Centranthus ruber

red wine n
czerwone wino
red coloured wine

red-backed shrike n
gąsiorek
medium-sized bird

red-breasted merganser n
szlachar
Mergus serrator

red-handed adj
na gorącym uczynku
in the act of wrongdoing

red-necked grebe n
perkoz rdzawoszyi
Podiceps grisegena

red-necked phalarope n
płatkonóg szydłodzioby
Phalaropus lobatus

red-necked stint n
biegus rdzawoszyi
Calidris ruficollis

red-winged blackbird n
epoletnik krasnoskrzydły
Agelaius phoeniceus

redden /ˈɹɛdn̩/ v
czerwienieć poczerwienieć sczerwienieć
to become red
czerwienić poczerwienić
to make red

redeem [ɹɨˈdiːm] v
spieniężać
to convert into cash

redefine v
przedefiniować przedefiniowywać
to give a new or different definition to a word

redheaded adj
rudy
having red hair

redirection /ɹiːdəˈɹɛkʃən/ n
przekierowanie
setting a new direction

redneck /ˈɹɛdnɛk/ n
burak
uneducated, unsophisticated person

redo /ɹiˈdu/ /ˈɹidu/ v
przerabiać przerobić
to do again

redolence /ˈɹed.əl.ənts/ n
przywołujący zapach
an evocative fragrance
aromat zapach
the quality of being redolent

redolent /ˈɹɛd.əl.ənt/ adj
pachnący
fragrant or aromatic
having a smell
przywołujący
suggestive or reminiscent

redpoll n
czeczotka
finch

redshift /ˈɹɛdˌʃɪft/ n
przesunięcie ku czerwieni
change in wavelength

redstart n
pleszka
ground-feeding bird

reduce /ɹɪˈdjuːs/ /ɹɪˈduːs/ v
skracać skrócić upraszczać uprościć
math: to simplify a formula
wytapiać wytopić
metallurgy: to remove non-metals from metal
obniżać obniżyć zmniejszać zmniejszyć
to bring down
degradować zdegradować
to bring to an inferior rank
schudnąć stracić na wadzę zeszczupleć
to lose weight

reducer n
złączka redukcyjna
plumbing component

redundant /ɹɪˈdʌn.dənt/ adj
nadmiarowy nadmierny
superfluous

redwing n
droździk
Turdus iliacus

redwood n
sekwoja wieczniezielona
the species Sequoia sempervirens

reed /ɹiːd/ n
trzcina
grass-like plant
hollow stem
instrument stroikowy dęty
music: instrument
stroik
music: part of mouthpiece

reed bunting n
potrzos
bird

reed switch n
kontaktron
type of electrical switch

reed warbler n
trzcinniczek
Acrocephalus scirpaceus

reef /ɹiːf/ n
rafa
rocks at or near surface of the water

reef /ɹiːf/ v
refować
sailing

reek /ɹiːk/ n
fetor smród
unpleasant smell

reel /ɹiːl/ v
krążyć kręcić się wirować
to spin or revolve repeatedly
chwiać się zataczać się
to walk shakily or unsteadily
motać namotać nawijać nawinąć
to wind on a reel

reel off v
snuć
list effortlessly and quickly

reelection n
reelekcja
the act of being elected after already being elected once

refectory /ɹɪˈfɛkt(ə)ɹi/ n
refektarz
dining-hall

refer /ɹɪˈfɜː/ /ɹɪˈfɝ/ v
odnosić się
to allude to (grammar term)
skierować
to direct to a source for help or information
to submit to an authority figure for consideration

referee /ˌɹɛf.əˈɹiː/ /ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/ n
sędzia
sport: umpire, judge, the supervisor of a game

reference /ˈɹɛf.(ə)ɹəns/ /ˈɹɛfəɹɛns/ v
odnosić się do
to refer to

reference work n
informator poradnik vademecum
compendium of information

referendum /ˌɹɛfəˈɹɛndəm/ n
referendum
direct popular vote

referral /ɹɪˈfɜːɹəl/ /ɹɪˈfɝəl/ n
skierowanie
act or process of transferring

refinery n
rafineria
building used to produce refined products

reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ v
odbić się odbijać się
to be bent back from a surface
odbijać się odbić się
to be mirrored
odbijać odbić
to bend back from a surface
to mirror, or show the image of something

reflection /ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/ n
odbicie
act of reflecting; the state of being reflected
property of a propagated wave
something that is reflected

reflex /ɹɪˈflɛks/ /ˈɹiːflɛks/ n
odruch
automatic response

reflex angle n
kąt wklęsły
angle greater than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees

reflexive /ɹəˈflɛksɪv/ adj
zwrotny
in grammar
in mathematics

reflexive pronoun n
zaimek zwrotny
a part of speech

reflexive verb n
czasownik zwrotny
verb with equivalent subject and direct object

reform /ɹiˈfɔɹm/ n
reforma
amendment

reform school n
dom poprawczy poprawczak zakład poprawczy
institution for juveniles

refraction /ɹəˈfɹækʃən/ n
refrakcja
bending of any wave

refractive index n
współczynnik załamania
ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to another medium

refrain /ɹɪˈfɹeɪn/ n
refren
burden of song

refrain /ɹɪˈfɹeɪn/ v
powstrzymać się powstrzymywać się
to keep oneself from action

refresh /ɹiˈfɹɛʃ/ /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/ v
odświeżyć
to renew or revitalize

refrigerator /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəˌɹeɪtə/ /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəˌɹeɪɾɚ/ n
lodówka chłodziarka
appliance

refuge /ˈɹɛfjuːdʒ/ n
przytułek
state of safety, protection or shelter

refugee /ˈɹɛfjʊdʒiː/ n
uchodźca uchodźczyni
person seeking political asylum
uchodźca
person seeking refuge from natural disaster
person granted formal asylum
person seeking economic asylum

refurbish /ɹiˈfɝbɪʃ/ /ɹiːˈfɜːbɪʃ/ v
odnawiać odświeżać
rebuild or replenish

refuse /ɹɪˈfjuːz/ /ˈɹɛfjuːs/ n
odrzuty
items or material that have been discarded

refuse /ˈɹɛfjuːs/ v
odmówić
(intransitive) decline a request or demand
odrzucać
(transitive) decline (request, demand)

regain v
odzyskać
to get back, to recover possession of

regard /ɹɪˈɡɑɹd/ /ɹɪˈɡɑːd/ n
respekt szacunek
concern for another

regarding /ɹɪˈɡɑɹdɪŋ/ /ɹɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ/ preposition
odnośnie
concerning

regards /ɹɪˈɡɑɹdz/ /ɹɪˈɡɑːdz/ n
pozdrawiam
greeting at the end of a letter
pozdrowienia
greeting to pass to another person

regency /ˈɹiːd͡ʒənsi/ n
regencja
system of government

regent /ˈɹiːdʒənt/ n
regent regentka
one who rules in place of the monarch

regicide /ˈɹedʒəsaɪd/ n
królobójca
one who kills a king
królobójstwo
the killing of a king

regift /ɹiˈɡɪft/ n
prezent przechodni
thing given as a gift that was previously received as a gift

regime /ɹəˈʒiːm/ n
reżim reżym ustrój
form of government
reżim
mode of rule or management

regiment /ˈɹɛdʒɪmənt/ n
pułk regiment
army unit

region /ˈɹiːd͡ʒn̩/ n
region
an administrative subdivision
region okolica obszar rejon
any considerable and connected part of a space or surface

regionalism n
regionalizm
linguistic characteristic

register /ˈɹɛdʒ.ɪs.tə/ /ˈɹɛdʒ.ɪs.tɚ/ n
rejestr
computing: part of the central processing unit used to store and manipulate numbers
book of such entries
dziennik
formal recording

registration n
rejestracja
the act of signing up or registering for something

regolith /ˈɹɛɡəlɪθ/ n
regolit
layer of loose rock that constitutes the surface of most land

regress /ɹɪˈɡɹɛs/ /ˈɹiːˌɡɹɛs/ v
cofać uwsteczniać uwsteczniać się
to move backwards to an earlier stage

regression /ɹəˈɡɹɛʃən/ n
cofnięcie regres uwstecznienie
an action of regressing, a return to a previous state

regret /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/ n
żal
instance of such an emotion

regret /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/ v
żałować
feel sorry about some past thing

regular /ˈɹɛɡjəlɚ/ /ˈɹɛɡjʊlə/ adj
regularny
having a constant pattern
grammar
happening at constant intervals

regular /ˈɹɛɡjəlɚ/ /ˈɹɛɡjʊlə/ n
stała klientka stały klient
frequent customer
bywalczyni bywalec
routine visitor

regular polygon n
wielokąt foremny
polygon which is both equiangular and equilateral

regularity /ˌɹɛɡjuˈlæɹəti/ n
prawidłowość regularność
condition or quality of being regular

regularly /ˈɹɛɡjəlɚli/ /ˈɹɛɡjʊləli/ adv
regularnie
with constant frequency

regulation n
rozporządzenie
EU: self-effecting legislative act
przepis
law or administrative rule

regulator /ɹɛɡ.juː.leɪt.ə/ n
regulator
device that controls or limits something

rehash /ɹiːˈhæʃ/ /ˈɹiːˌhæʃ/ v
odgrzewać
to rework old material, redo some work, with some variations

rehearse /ɹɨˈhɝs/ [ɹɪˈhɜːs] v
powtarzać
repeat what has already been said

reign /ɹeɪn/ n
rządy
The exercise of sovereign power
panowanie
The period during which a monarch rules

reimbursement /ˌɹiː.ɪmˈbɜːs.mənt/ n
zwrot
compensating someone for an expense.

rein /ɹeɪn/ n
cugiel lejce wodze
strap or rope

reincarnation n
odrodzenie reinkarnacja
rebirth of a mental capacity in a physical life form

reindeer /ˈɹeɪndɪə/ /ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/ n
renifer karibu
Rangifer tarandus

reindustrialization n
reindustrializacja
The reintroduction of industry.

reinforced concrete n
żelbet
building material

reinforcement n
posiłki
in plural: additional troops or materiel sent to support a military action

reinterpret v
reinterpretować
to interpret again

reinvent the wheel /ˌɹiːɪnˈvɛnt ðə ˈhwiːl/ v
wynajdywać koło na nowo
do work unnecessarily

reism n
reizm
form of concretism

reiter /ˈɹʌɪtə/ n
rajtar
German cavalryman

reiterate /ɹiˈɪt.əɹ.eɪt/ v
powtarzać powtórzyć
to say or do for a second time
stale powtarzać
to say or do repeatedly

reject /ɹɪˈdʒɛkt/ /ˈɹiːdʒɛkt/ n
odrzut
something that is rejected

reject /ɹɪˈdʒɛkt/ /ˈɹiːdʒɛkt/ v
odrzucać odrzucić
refuse to accept

rejection /ɹəˈdʒɛkʃən/ n
odmowa odrzucenie
the act of rejecting

rejoice /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɔɪs/ v
radować cieszyć
be happy
make happy

rejuvenate v
odmładzać odmłodzić
render young again

rejuvenation n
odmłodzenie
the process of rendering young again

relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃən/ n
relacja
mathematics: set of ordered tuples, a Boolean function of two or more arguments

relational database n
relacyjna baza danych
relational database

relational model n
model relacyjny
database model

relationship /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)nʃɪp/ /ɹɪˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp/ n
powiązanie relacja stosunek związek
connection or association
pokrewieństwo
kinship
stosunek
romantic or sexual involvement

relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ [ˈɹɛl.ə.ɾɪv] adj
relatywny odnośny względny
conditional; depending on something else

relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ [ˈɹɛl.ə.ɾɪv] n
krewny krewna
someone in the same family; someone connected by blood, marriage, or adoption

relative clause n
zdanie podrzędne
type of subordinate clause

relatively /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv.li/ [ˈɹɛl.ə.tʰɪv.li] adv
odnośnie stosunkowo
proportionally

relativism n
relatywizm
theory that truth and moral values are relative

relativity /ɹɛləˈtɪvɨti/ n
względność
physics principle
the state of being relative

relax /ɹɪˈlæks/ v
rozluźnić się
to become less severe or tense
relaksować się
to calm down
łagodzić
to make something (such as codes and regulations) more lenient
poluzować rozluźnić
to make something less severe or tense
to make something loose

relay /ɹiˈleɪ/ /ˈɹiːleɪ/ n
sztafeta
athletics discipline
przekaźnik
electrical actuator

relay /ɹiˈleɪ/ /ˈɹiːleɪ/ /ˌɹiˈleɪ/ /ˌɹiːˈleɪ/ v
przekazać przekazywać
to pass on or transfer (information)

release /ɹɪˈliːs/ n
nowość
product made recently available
wersja wydanie
software: distribution of a computer software product
uwolnienie wyzwolenie
that which is released or let go

relevant /ˈɹɛləvənt/ adj
stosowny odpowiedni związany
directly related, connected, or pertinent to a topic

reliable /ɹɪˈlaɪəbəl/ adj
spolegliwy
fit to be relied on

reliably adv
pewnie rzetelnie solidnie wiarygodnie
in a reliable manner

reliance /ɹɪˈlaɪəns/ n
zaufanie
The act of relying on someone or something; trust
poleganie
The condition of being reliant or dependent

relic /ˈɹɛlɪk/ n
relikwia
part of a body or an object of religious significance
relikt
that which remains

relief /ɹɪˈliːf/ n
ulga
removal of stress or discomfort
relief
type of artwork

relieve /ɹɪˈliːv/ v
ulżyć

religion /ɹɪˈlɪdʒən/ n
religia
system of beliefs dealing with soul, deity and/or life after death

religionist n
religiant
religious zealot

religiosity n
religijność
quality of being religious

religious /ɹɪ.ˈlɪ.d͡ʒəs/ adj
religijny
concerning religion
committed to the practice of religion

religious studies n
religioznawstwo
study of religious beliefs, behaviours and institutions

reliquary /ˈɹɛlɪkwɛɹi/ n
relikwiarz
container for religious relics

relish /ˈɹɛ.lɪʃ/ v
delektować się smakować
to taste or eat with pleasure; to like the flavor of

relive /ɹiːˈlɪv/ v
przeżyć na nowo
to experience again

relocation /ˌɹiːləʊˈkeɪʃən/ n
przeprowadzka przemieszczenie
moving to another place

reluctance /ɹɪˈlʌktəns/ n
niechęć
unwillingness to do something

reluctant /ɹɪˈlʌktənt/ adj
niechętny
not wanting to take some action

rely /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ v
polegać polegać na
rest with confidence

remain /ɹɪˈmeɪn/ n
pozostałości
That which is left; relic; remainder

remain /ɹɪˈmeɪn/ v
pozostać pozostawać
to stay behind while others withdraw

remainder n
reszta
mathematics: amount left over after repeatedly subtracting the divisor
reszta ostatek
what remains after some has been removed

remains /ɹɪˈmeɪnz/ n
resztki
all that is left of the stock of some things; remnants
pozostałości
relic of an ancient building or other structure
szczątki zwłoki
what is left after a person (or any organism) dies; a corpse

remake /ɹiːˈmeɪk/ /ˈɹiːmeɪk/ n
remake
new version of film

remark /ɹɪˈmɑɹk/ /ɹɪˈmɑːk/ n
uwaga
expression of something noticed

remark /ɹɪˈmɑɹk/ /ɹɪˈmɑːk/ /ˌɹiˈmɑɹk/ /ˌɹiːˈmɑːk/ v
zauważyć
to express in words or writing, as observed or noticed
to mark in a notable manner; to distinguish clearly
to take notice of, or to observe, mentally
komentować skomentować
to make a remark or remarks; to comment

remarkable /ɹɪˈmɑɹkəbl̩/ /ɹɪˈmɑːkəbl̩/ adj
wybitny
worthy of being remarked

remedy /ˈɹɛmədi/ n
lekarstwo
medicine, application, or treatment
remedium
something that corrects or counteracts

remember /ɹɪˈmɛmbə/ /ɹɪˈmɛmbɚ/ /ˈmɛmbɚ/ v
pamiętać zapamiętać
to recall from one's memory

remind /ɹəˈmaɪnd/ v
przypominać
Cause one to experience a memory; bring to a person's notice

reminisce /ˌɹɛm.ɨˈnɪs/ v
wspominać wspomnieć
recall the past
talk or write about memories

remonstrance n
protest
remonstration

remonstrate /ˈɹɛ.mən.stɹeɪt/ v
protestować zaprotestować
intransitive - to object or protest
transitive - to state as a protest or expression of disapproval

remonstrative adj
protestacyjny
of, characterized by, or exhibiting remonstration

remonstratively adv
protestacyjnie
with remonstration

remote [ɹɪˈmoʊt] [ɹɪˈməʊt] adj
zdalny
at a distance
daleki oddalony odległy
distant or otherwise unaccessible

remote [ɹɪˈmoʊt] [ɹɪˈməʊt] n
pilot
remote control

remote control n
pilot
device used to operate an appliance or mechanical toy from a short distance away

removal /ɹəˈmuːvəl/ n
zwolnienie
The dismissal of someone from office
usunięcie
The process of moving, or the fact of being removed

remove /ɹɪˈmuːv/ v
usuwać odjąć
to take away

remuneration /ɹə.mjuː.nə.ˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
płaca pensja
a payment for work done; wages, salary, emolument
zapłata
something given in exchange for goods or services rendered

rename v
przemianować
to give a new name to

render /ˈɹɛn.də/ /ˈɹɛn.dɚ/ v
czynić uczynić
to cause to become
interpretować zinterpretować
to interpret
przekazać przekazywać
to pass down
renderować wyrenderować zrenderować
to transform digital information in the form received from a repository into a display on a computer screen, or for other presentation to the user

rendering /ˈɹɛndəɹɪŋ/ v
renderujący
present participle of render
renderowanie
process of producing an image from an internal model

rendezvous /ˈɹɑndəˌvu/ /ˈɹɒndɪˌvuː/ n
spotkanie
agreement to meet
randka
meeting or date

renewable adj
odnawialny
Sustainable

renewable energy n
energia odnawialna

renewal n
odnowa odnowienie
act of renewing

rennet /ˈɹɛnɪt/ n
podpuszczka
An enzyme

renovation n
remont
act or process of renovating

renown /ɹɪˈnaʊn/ n
renoma
Fame or wide recognition

repair /ɹɪˈpɛə/ /ɹɪˈpɛɚ/ n
naprawa
act of repairing something

repair /ɹɪˈpɛə/ /ɹɪˈpɛɚ/ v
naprawiać
to restore to good working order

repeat /ɹɪˈpiːt/ v
powtarzać ponowić powtórzyć
do or say again

repeat offender n
recydywista recydywistka
repeat offender

repeatedly /ɹɪˈpiːtɪdli/ adv
wielokrotnie
done several times

repechage /ˈɹɛp.ə.ʃɑːʒ/ /ˌɹɛp.əˈʃɑʒ/ n
repasaż
heat for competitors who have lost in a previous round

repel /ɹɪˈpɛl/ v
odpychać
to cause repulsion or dislike

repentant adj
skruszony
feeling sorrow for wrongdoing

repertoire /ˈɹɛp.ə.twɑː/ /ˈɹɛp.əɹ.twɑɹ/ n
repertuar
list of dramas, operas, pieces, parts, etc., which a company or a person has rehearsed

repetition /ɹɛpəˈtɪʃən/ /ˌɹiːpəˈtɪʃən/ n
powtórzenie
act or an instance of repeating or being repeated

replace /ɹɪˈpleɪs/ v
zastąpić
to substitute

replaceable adj
wymienny zastępowalny
capable of being replaced

replacement /ɹɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n
zamiennik zastępca
a person or thing that takes the place of another; a substitute

replete /ɹɪˈpliːt/ adj
pełny
abounding
syty
filled to bursting

replica /ˈɹɛplɪkə/ n
kopia replika
exact copy

reply /ɹɪˈplaɪ/ n
odpowiedź
written or spoken response

reply /ɹɪˈplaɪ/ v
odpowiadać odpowiedzieć
to give a written or spoken response

report /ɹəˈpoːt/ /ɹɪˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /ɹɪˈpoət/ /ɹɪˈpɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈpɔːt/ n
raport sprawozdanie
information describing events

report card n
świadectwo szkolne
grades

reportage n
reportaż
reporting of news, especially by an eyewitness

reported speech n
mowa zależna
a form of speech used to express what another has said

reportedly /ɹɪˈpɔːtɪdli/ adv
podobno ponoć rzekomo
according to reports or rumors

reporter /ɹɪˈpo(ː)ɹtɚ/ /ɹɪˈpoətə/ /ɹɪˈpɔɹtɚ/ /ɹɪˈpɔːtə/ n
reporter reporterka
journalist

repose /ɹɪˈpoʊz/ /ɹɪˈpəʊz/ n
spoczynek wypoczynek
rest

repose /ɹɪˈpoʊz/ /ɹɪˈpəʊz/ v
spoczywać wypoczywać
to lie at rest

repository n
grobowiec
a burial vault
magazyn przechowalnia repozytorium skład składnica
a location for storage, often for safety or preservation
powierniczka powiernik
a person to whom a secret is entrusted
repozytorium
storage location for computer files

representation /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛn.ˈteɪ.ʃən/ n
reprezentacja
przedstawienie
theatrical performance

representative /ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛntətɪv/ adj
reprezentatywny
typical

representative /ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛntətɪv/ n
przedstawiciel reprezentant
one that is taken as typical of its class
przedstawiciel reprezentant przedstawicielka
one who speaks for another

reprimand /ˈɹɛp.ɹɪˌmænd/ /ˈɹɛpɹɪmɑːnd/ n
nagana
a severe, formal or official reproof

reprivatization n
reprywatyzacja
returning to private ownership

reproach /ɹɪˈpɹoʊtʃ/ /ɹɪˈpɹəʊtʃ/ n
hańba
disgrace or shame
zarzut
mild rebuke, or an implied criticism

reproach /ɹɪˈpɹoʊtʃ/ /ɹɪˈpɹəʊtʃ/ v
zarzucać
to criticize or rebuke someone
to disgrace, or bring shame upon someone

reproduction n
reprodukcja
a duplicate
prokreacja reprodukcja rozmnażanie
the act of reproducing new individuals biologically

reproductive system n
układ rozrodczy
reproductive system

reptile /ɹɪpˈtaɪl/ /ˈɹɛp.taɪl/ n
gad
a cold-blooded vertebrate

republic [ɹɪˈpʌblɪk] n
republika rzeczpospolita
a type of state
one of the kinds of parts constituting Russia

republicanism n
republikanizm
republicanism as a form of government

repudiate /ɹɪˈpjuː.di.eɪt/ v
wyrzec się
to refuse to have anything to do with
odrzucić
to reject the truth of, deny

reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/ n
reputacja renoma
what somebody is known for

request /ɹɪˈkwɛst/ n
prośba żądanie
act of requesting
wniosek
formal message requesting something

request /ɹɪˈkwɛst/ v
prosić
to express the need or desire for

requiem /ˈɹɛ.kwi.əm/ /ˈɹɛkwɪəm/ n
msza za zmarłych rekwiem
mass to honor and remember a dead person
requiem
musical composition composed for such a mass

requirement /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/ /ɹɪˈkwʌɪəm(ə)nt/ n
wymóg
something asked

rescind /ɹɪˈsɪnd/ v
anulować cofnąć
repeal, annul, or declare void

rescue /ˈɹɛs.kjuː/ n
ratunek
act of rescuing, saving

rescue /ˈɹɛs.kjuː/ v
ratować
to save from any danger or violence

rescuer n
ratownik
person who rescues

research /ɹɪˈsɜːtʃ/ /ˈɹi.sɚtʃ/ n
badania badanie naukowe
inquiry or examination
badanie
piece of research

research /ɹɪˈsɜːtʃ/ /ˈɹi.sɚtʃ/ v
badać
to examine with continued care
to make an investigation into

researcher n
naukowiec badacz
one who researches

reseda /ɹəˈsidə/ /ɹɪˈsiːdə/ n
rezeda wonna
plant of the genus Reseda

resell /ɹiːˈsɛl/ v
odsprzedawać odsprzedać
To sell again

resemble /ɹɪˈzɛmb(ə)l/ v
być podobnym
to be like or similar to something else

resentful /ɹɪˈzɛntfəl/ adj
obrażalski
inclined to resent

reserve /ɹɪˈzɜːv/ /ɹɪˈzɝv/ n
rezerwa
military: body of troops in the rear of an army
rezerwowa rezerwowy
sports: reserve player

reserve /ɹɪˈzɜːv/ /ɹɪˈzɝv/ v
rezerwować zarezerwować
to book in advance

reserved /ɹɪˈzɜːvd/ /ɹɪˈzɝvd/ adj
powściągliwy
slow to reveal emotion or opinions

reservoir /ˈɹɛz.ə(ɹ).vwɑɹ/ /ˈɹɛz.ə.vwɑː(ɹ)/ n
rezerwuar akwen zbiornik
large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply
rezerwuar zbiornik
place where anything is kept in store

reside /ɹɪˈzaɪd/ v
mieszkać pomieszkać zamieszkać zamieszkiwać
to dwell permanently or for a considerable time

resident /ˈɹɛzɪd(ə)nt/ n
mieszkaniec mieszkanka rezydent
person living at a location or an area

residue /ˈɹɛzɪdjuː/ /ˈɹɛzɪduː/ n
osad
(chemistry) substance that remains after evaporation, distillation, filtration

resignation /ɹɛzɪɡˈneɪʃən/ n
dymisja rezygnacja
act of resigning

resigned /ɹɪˈzaɪnd/ adj
zrezygnowany
accepting of a situation or one's lot

resilience /ɹə.zɪl.ɪ.əns/ n
odporność
mental ability
sprężystość
physical property of material

resilient adj
elastyczny
able to withstand force without cracking; elastic

resin /ˈɹɛzɪn/ n
żywica
secretion of plants
viscous liquid of plant origin
similar synthetic compound

resinous adj
żywicowy żywiczny
of or pertaining to resin

resistance /ɹɪˈzɪstəns/ n
opór sprzeciw
act of resisting
opór
force that tends to oppose motion
opór rezystancja oporność
shortened form of electrical resistance
ruch oporu opór
underground organization struggling for liberation

resistant adj
odporny oporny
that which is not overcome by a disease or drug
oporny
that which makes resistance

resistor /ɹɪˈzɪstə/ /ɹɪˈzɪstɚ/ n
opornik rezystor
an electric component that transmits current in direct proportion to the voltage across it

resolve /ɹɪˈzɑlv/ /ɹɪˈzɒlv/ v
rozwiązać rozwiązywać
to cause a chord to go from dissonance to consonance
rozwiązywać rozwiązać
to find a solution to
postanawiać postanowić
to make a firm decision

resonance /ˈɹɛzənəns/ n
rezonans
condition of being resonant
pogłos
resonant sound

resort /ɹɨˈzɔ(ɹ)t/ n
kurort uzdrowisko
a relaxing environment for people on vacation

resort /ɹɨˈzɔ(ɹ)t/ v
ponownie posortować
to repeat a sorting process

resort /ɹɨˈzɔ(ɹ)t/ /ˌɹiːˈsɔ(ɹ)t/ v
uciec się uciekać się
to have recourse out of necessity or frustration

resource /ɹɪˈsoəs/ /ɹɪˈsɔːs/ /ˈɹi(ː)so(ː)ɹs/ /ˈɹisɔɹs/ n
środki
something that one uses to achieve an objective

resourceful adj
pomysłowy zaradny
capable or clever; able to put available resources to efficient or ingenious use

respect /ɹɪˈspɛkt/ n
szacunek respekt
admiration for a person or entity because of perceived merit

respectable [ɹi.ˈspɛk.tə.bl̩] adj
godny szacunku
deserving respect

respective /ɹɪˈspɛktɪv/ adj
poszczególny
referencing two or more things as individuals

respectively adv
odpowiednio
in a relative manner

respirator n
respirator
device to allow breathing

response /ɹɪˈspɒns/ n
odpowiedź
an answer or reply

responsibility /ɹɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪlɪti/ n
obowiązek
a duty, obligation or liability for which someone is responsible
odpowiedzialność
the state of being responsible

responsible /ɹɪˈspɑnsəbəl/ /ɹɪˈspɒnsəbl̩/ adj
odpowiedzialny
answerable for an act performed or for its consequences
able to answer reasonably for one's conduct

responsible /ɹɪˈspɑnsəbəl/ /ɹɪˈspɒnsəbl̩/ n
odpowiedzialny

responsive /ɹɪˈspɒnsɪv/ adj
odpowiadający
answering, replying or responding

rest /ɹɛst/ n
odpoczynek
relief afforded by sleeping; sleep
reszta
remainder

rest /ɹɛst/ v
odpoczywać
intransitive: take repose

rest in peace v
spoczywaj w pokoju
blessing or expression of hope

rest on one's laurels v
spoczywać na laurach spocząć na laurach
rely on a past success instead of trying to improve oneself further

restart /ˈɹiːˌstɑɹt/ /ˌɹɪˈstɑːt/ n
ponowne uruchomienie
act of restarting

restart /ˈɹiːˌstɑɹt/ /ˌɹɪˈstɑːt/ v
uruchomić ponownie
In computing, to reboot

restaurant /ˈɹɛs.t(ə).ɹɒ̃/ /ˈɹɛs.t(ə)ˌɹɑnt/ n
restauracja
an eating establishment in which diners are served food

restharrow /ˈɹɛsthaɹəʊ/ n
wilżyna
any of various species of small shrubs making up the genius Ononis

restless /ˈɹɛstləs/ /ˈɹɛstlɪs/ adj
niezaspokojony
not satisfied to be at rest or peace
niespokojny
unable to be still or quiet

restlessness n
niepokój wzburzenie zniecierpliwienie
state or condition of being restless

restoration /ɹɛstəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
odbudowa
the process of bringing an object back to its original state

restraint /ɹɪˈstɹeɪnt/ n
opanowanie
control or caution; reserve
ograniczenie
something that restrains, ties, fastens or secures

restricted adj
zastrzeżony
one of the classifications of the secrecy of an official document

restrictive adj
ograniczający
confining; limiting

result /ɹɪˈzʌlt/ n
rezultat wynik
that which results

resume /ɹəˈzjuːm/ /ɹəˈʒuːm/ /ɹɪˈz(j)um/ /ɹɪˈzjuːm/ /ˈɹɛz.(j)ʊˌmeɪ/ /ˈɹɛz.ə.meɪ/ v
wznawiać wznowić
start something again that has been stopped or paused

resurface v
wypłynąć
to come once again to the surface

resurgence n
ożywienie
An instance of something resurging

resurrection /ɹɛzəˈɹɛkʃən/ n
zmartwychwstanie wskrzeszenie
the act of arising from the dead

resuscitation n
reanimacja
the act of resuscitating

retable n
nastawa ołtarzowa
table or shelf behind an altar

retainer /ɹɪˈteɪn.ə/ /ɹɪˈteɪn.ɚ/ n
aparat ortodontyczny
a device that holds teeth in position after orthodontic treatment

retarded /ɹiˈtɑɹdɪd/ /ɹɪˈtɑːdɪd/ adj
opóźniony
delayed in development

retch /ɹɛtʃ/ v
rwać
to make an effort to vomit

retention n
pamięć
a memory

rethink /ɹiːˈθɪŋk/ v
przemyśleć
think again about a problem

reticent /ˈɹɛtɪsənt/ adj
dyskretny małomówny
reserved

reticulum n
czepiec
the second stomach of a ruminant

retina /ˈɹɛt.ɨ.nə/ n
siatkówka
thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball

retinue /ˈɹɛt.ɪ.njuː/ /ˈɹɛtɪn(j)uː/ n
świta
group of servants

retire /ɹəˈtaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ v
przejść na emeryturę
to stop working on a permanent basis

retired /ɹɪˈtʌɪəd/ adj
emerytowany emeryt emerytura
having left employment

retort /ɹɪˈtɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈtɔːt/ n
riposta
sharp or witty reply
retorta
flask used for distillation

retort /ɹɪˈtɔɹt/ /ɹɪˈtɔːt/ v
ripostować
To say something sharp or witty in answer to a remark or accusation

retreat /ɹəˈtɹiːt/ n
odwrót
act of pulling back or withdrawing

retreat /ɹiːˈtɹiːt/ /ɹəˈtɹiːt/ v
odstąpić wycofywać się zarządzać odwrot
to withdraw military forces

retrenchment /ɹɪˈtɹentʃ.mənt/ n
oszańcowanie
defensive work
oszczędność redukcja
reduction or curtailment

retrieve /ɹɪˈtɹiv/ v
przynieść przynosić
to fetch or carry back something
odzyskać odzyskiwać
to regain or get back something
naprawiać naprawić zaradzić
to remedy or rectify something
przypominać przypomnieć
to remember or recall something
ratować uratować
to rescue
to salvage something

retroactive /ˌɹɛ.tɹoʊˈæk.tɪv/ /ˌɹɛt.ɹəʊˈæk.tɪv/ adj
retroaktywny
extending in scope, effect, application or influence to a prior time or to prior conditions

retrocognition /ˌɹɛtɹəʊkɒɡˈnɪʃən/ n
retrokognicja
extrasensory knowledge of past events

retroflex /ˈɹɛt.ɹoʊ.flɛks/ /ˈɹɛt.ɹəʊ.flɛks/ adj
retrofleksyjny z retrofleksją
of any of the retroflex pronunciations
[[lamino-]]postalweolarny laminalny postalweolarny laminalny zadziąsłowy
of pronunciation in which the tongue blade approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
apikalno-postalweolarny apikalny postalweolarny apikalny zadziąsłowy
of pronunciation in which the tongue tip approaches/touches the back of the alveolar ridge
subapikalno-palatalny subapikalno-prepalatalny subapikalny palatalny subapikalny prepalatalny
of pronunciation in which the tongue underside approaches/touches the palate

retroflex /ˈɹɛt.ɹoʊ.flɛks/ /ˈɹɛt.ɹəʊ.flɛks/ n
spółgłoska retrofleksyjna spółgłoska z retrofleksją
any of the retroflex consonants
spółgłoska [[lamino-]]postalweolarna spółgłoska laminalna postalweolarna spółgłoska laminalna zadziąsłowa
consonant pronounced with the tongue blade approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
spółgłoska apikalna postalweolarna spółgłoska apikalna zadziąsłowa spółgłoska apikalno-postalweolarna
consonant pronounced with the tongue tip approaching/touching the back of the alveolar ridge
spółgłoska subapikalna palatalna spółgłoska subapikalna prepalatalna spółgłoska subapikalno-palatalna spółgłoska subapikalno-prepalatalna
consonant pronounced with the tongue underside approaching/touching the palate

retry /riˈtɹaɪ/ v
ponawiać próbę próbować ponownie
to try or attempt again

retsina /ɹɛtˈsiːnə/ n
retsina
Greek wine

return /ɹɪˈtɜːn/ /ɹɪˈtɝn/ n
powrót
act of returning
zwrot
item that is returned

return /ɹɪˈtɜːn/ /ɹɪˈtɝn/ v
powrócić oddać wrócić
zwracać zwrócić
computing: to pass back (data) to the calling procedure
powracać powrócić
computing: to relinquish control to the calling procedure
wracać wrócić wracać się
to come or go back
wrócić
to give something back to its original holder or owner

reunification n
zjednoczenia
the unification of something that was previously divided; used especially of a country

reunion n
zjazd zlot
planned event

revalue v
przewartościować
to value again, give a new value to

revanche /ɹəˈvæntʃ/ n
rewanż zemsta
revenge or retaliation

revanchism /ɹəˈvɑn(t)ʃɪz(ə)m/ /ɹɪˈvæn(t)ʃɪz(ə)m/ n
rewanżyzm
political policy of endeavouring to regain lost territory

revanchist /ɹəˈvɑn(t)ʃɪst/ /ɹɪˈvæn(t)ʃɪst/ adj
odwetowy rewanżystowski rewanżystyczny
advocating a policy of revanche

revanchist /ɹəˈvɑn(t)ʃɪst/ /ɹɪˈvæn(t)ʃɪst/ n
odwetowiec odwetówka rewanżysta rewanżystka
revanchist, vengeful person

reveal /ɹəˈviːl/ v
odkrywać ujawniać odsłaniać
to uncover

revelation /ɹɛvəˈleɪʃən/ n
objawienie
manifestation of divine truth

reveller n
bibosz birbant hulaka imprezowicz imprezowiczka kompanion
one who attends revels

revenant /ˈɹɛvənənt/ n
upiór zombie
supernatural being

revenge /ɹɪˈvɛndʒ/ n
zemsta
retaliatory action

revenge /ɹɪˈvɛndʒ/ v
mścić się
to take revenge for an action

revenge is a dish best served cold proverb
ten się śmieje, kto się śmieje ostatni
revenge is best or most satisfying when delayed

revenue /ˈɹɛvənjuː/ /ˈɹɛvəˌn(j)u/ n
dochód
total income from a given source
all income for some treasury by taxation e.a.
income from an investment
obroty
turnover, total sales

reverend /ˈɹɛvɹənd/ n
duchowny
member of the Christian clergy

reverse /ɹɪˈvɜːs/ adj
odwrócony
having the order of its constituents moved backwards

reverse Polish notation n
odwrotna notacja polska
an arithmetic notation

reverse engineering n
inżynieria wsteczna
analyzing the construction and operation of a product in order to manufacture a similar one

revert /ɹɨˈvɜːt/ /ɹɨˈvɝt/ /ˈɹiˌvɝt/ /ˈɹiːvɜːt/ v
powrócić
to return; to come back

review /ɹɪˈvjuː/ n
recenzja wydanie krytyczne
account intended as a critical evaluation of a text or a piece of work
kontrola
forensic inspection to assess compliance with regulations or some code
rewizja
judicial reassessment of a case or an event
przegląd
military inspection or display for the benefit of superiors or VIPs
periodical which makes a survey of the arts or some other field
stage show made up of sketches
survey of the available items or material
powtórzenie
second or subsequent reading of a text or artifact

revisionism /ɹɪˈvɪʒəˌnɪzəm/ n
rewizjonizm
advocacy of a revision of some view

revival n
odrodzenie ożywienie przebudzenie

revolt /ɹɪˈvoʊlt/ /ɹɪˈvɒlt/ /ɹɪˈvəʊlt/ n
bunt rewolta
act of revolting

revolution /ˌɹɛvəˈl(j)uːʃən/ n
rewolucja przewrót
political upheaval
sudden, vast change in a situation or discipline
removal and replacement of a government
obrót
traversal of one body through an orbit around another body
turning of an object around an axis

revolutionary /ˌɹɛvəˈluʃənɛɹi/ /ˌɹɛvəˈluːʃənɹi/ adj
rewolucyjny
of or pertaining to a revolution in government

revolutionary /ˌɹɛvəˈluʃənɛɹi/ /ˌɹɛvəˈluːʃənɹi/ n
rewolucjonista rewolucjonistka
A revolutionist; a person who revolts

revolve v
kręcić się
to orbit a central point
kręcić się wirować
to turn on an axis

revolver /ɹɪˈvɒl.vɚ/ n
rewolwer bębenkowiec
a handgun with revolving chambers

revolving door n
drzwi obrotowe
rotating door

revue /ɹəˈvjuː/ n
rewia
form of theatrical; any entertainment featuring skits, dances, and songs

reward /ɹɪˈwɑː(ɹ)d/ /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ /ɹɪˈwɔːd/ n
nagroda wyróżnienie
prize promised for a certain deed or catch
nagroda wynagrodzenie
something of value given in return for an act

reward /ɹɪˈwɑː(ɹ)d/ /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ /ɹɪˈwɔːd/ v
nagradzać nagrodzić
give a reward to

rhenium /ˈɹiːniəm/ n
ren
chemical element

rhetoric /ˈɹɛtəɹɪk/ n
retoryka
art of using language for persuasion
meaningless language

rhetorical /ɹɪˈtɒɹ.ɪ.kəl/ /ɹɪˈtɔɹɪkəl/ adj
retoryczny
part of or similar to rhetoric

rhetorical question n
pytanie retoryczne pytania retoryczne
question

rheum /ɹum/ /ɹuːm/ n
katar
nose discharge

rheumatic /ɹuːˈmætɪk/ adj
reumatyczny
referring to rheumatism

rheumatically adv
reumatycznie
in a rheumatic manner

rheumatism /ˈɹu.məˌtɪz.m̩/ n
reumatyzm
rheumatoid arthritis

rheumatology n
reumatologia
branch of medicine

rhinoceros /ɹaɪˈnɑːsəɹəs/ /ɹaɪˈnɒsəɹəs/ n
nosorożec
herbivorous pachyderm with horn(s)

rhizome /ˈɹaɪzoʊm/ n
kłącze
horizontal underground stem of some plants

rhizosphere n
ryzosfera
soil region influenced by plant roots

rhodium /ˈɹoʊdiəm/ n
rod
chemical element

rhododendron /ɹoʊdəˈdɛndɹən/ n
różanecznik
flowering shrub in the genus Rhododendron

rhodonite n
rodonit
A manganese inosilicate mineral

rhombicosidodecahedron /ɹɑmbɪˈkoʊsiˌdoʊdɛkəhidɹən/ /ɹɒmbɪˈkəʊsiˌdəʊdɛkəhiːdɹən/ n
dwunasto-dwudziestościan rombowy mały
Archimedean solid

rhombohedron n
romboedr rombościan
prism with six faces, each a rhombus

rhombus /ˈɹɑːmbəs/ /ˈɹɒmbəs/ n
romb
A parallelogram having all sides of equal length

rhonchus /ˈɹɑŋ.kəs/ /ˈɹɒŋ.kəs/ n
rzężenia rzężenie
sound

rhubarb /ˈɹuˌbɑɹb/ /ˈɹuːbɑːb/ n
rabarbar rzewień
any plant of the genus Rheum

rhumb line n
loksodroma
a line cutting all meridians at a constant angle

rhyme /ɹaɪm/ n
rym
word that rhymes with another
verse, poetry
rhyming; sameness of sound of some parts of words, as ‘the poem exhibits rhyme’

rhyme /ɹaɪm/ v
rymować
put words together

rhythm /ˈɹɪ.ð(ə)m/ n
rytm
variation of strong and weak elements of sounds over time

rhythm section n
sekcja rytmiczna
section of a band maintaining the rhythm

rib /ɹɪb/ n
żebro
curved bone

rib cage n
klatka piersiowa
part of skeleton

ribbit /ˈɹɪbɪt/ interjection
kum
the sound made by a frog or toad

ribbon /ˈɹɪbən/ n
wstążka
inked ribbon
taśma wstążka tasiemka wstęga
long, narrow strip of material

ribbon seal n
foka pręgowana
a species of true seal

ribonucleic acid n
kwas rybonukleinowy
derivative of DNA, used in the transcription of genetic material

ribose n
ryboza
naturally occurring pentose sugar

rice /ɹaɪs/ n
ryż
seeds used as food
plants

rice milk n
mleko ryżowe
milky liquid from rice

rich /ɹɪt͡ʃ/ adj
bogaty
having wealth

riches /ɹɪt͡ʃɪz/ n
bogactwa bogactwo
money, goods, wealth, treasure

richness n
bogactwo
state or quality of being rich

ricin /ˈɹaɪsɪn/ n
rycyna
poison

rickshaw n
riksza
two-wheeled carriage

ricochet /ˈɹɪkəʃeɪ/ n
rykoszet
an instance of ricocheting

ricotta /ɹɪˈkɑtə/ /ɹɪˈkɒtə/ n
ricotta
Italian whey cheese

riddle /ˈɹɪdəl/ n
zagadka
verbal puzzle

riddle /ˈɹɪdəl/ v
przesiać
to put something through a riddle or sieve

ride /ɹaɪd/ n
jazda
instance of riding

ride /ɹaɪd/ v
jechać jeździć pojechać
to be transported in a vehicle as a passenger
ujeżdżać
to mount someone to have sex with them
jeździć jechać pojechać skakać
to transport oneself by sitting on and directing a horse, bicycle etc.
wieźć wozić zawieźć
to transport someone in a vehicle

rider /ˈɹaɪ.də(ɹ)/ /ˈɹaɪ.dəɹ/ n
jeździec
one who rides

ridicule /ˈɹɪdɪkjuːl/ v
wyśmiewać
to make fun of someone

ridiculous /ɹɪˈdɪkjʊləs/ adj
śmieszny absurdalny niedorzeczny
foolish, absurd

rifle /ˈɹaɪfəl/ n
karabin gwintówka
firearm with a rifled barrel

rig /ɹɪɡ/ n
takielunek
the arrangement of masts etc.

rig /ɹɪɡ/ v
otaklować taklować
to equip and fit a ship

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ adj
prawy poprawny prawidłowy słuszny
prawy
of direction, opposite of left

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ adv
na prawo
on the right side
na prawo w prawo
towards the right side

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ interjection
co nie nie prawda
checking agreement
prawda racja
yes, that is correct; I agree

right /ˈɹaɪt/ /ˈɹeɪt/ n
prawo
legal or moral entitlement
prawa prawy
right, not left, side
prawica
right-wing politicians and parties

right angle n
kąt prosty
angle of 90 degrees

right as rain adj
zdrów jak ryba
very good; healthy

right away adv
natychmiast
very soon; immediately

right triangle n
trójkąt prostokątny
a triangle having a right angle as one of its interior angles

right wing n
prawica
political

right-angled adj
prostokątny
having a right angle

righteousness /ˈɹaɪt͡ʃəsnəs/ n
prawość
quality or state of being righteous
czystość prawość łaska świętość
theology: state of being right with God

rigid /ˈɹɪdʒɪd/ adj
sztywny
stiff

rim /ɹɪm/ n
felga
wheel rim

rind /ɹaɪnd/ n
skóra skórka
hard outer layer of fruit, cheese

ring /ɹɪŋ/ n
pierścień
astronomy: a formation of various pieces of material orbiting around a planet
circumscribing object
geometry: a planar geometrical figure
obrączka
bird band
klika krąg szajka
group of people (for illicit purposes)
ring
place where some sports take place
pierścień pierścionek
round piece of (precious) metal worn around the finger
pierścień
algebra: an algebraic structure

ring /ɹɪŋ/ v
otaczać
to surround or enclose
uderzać dzwonić
to make something produce sound of a bell
dzwonić
to produce the sound of a bell or a similar sound
to telephone someone

ring finger n
palec serdeczny
finger between the middle finger and little finger

ring ouzel n
drozd obrożny
Turdus torquatus

ring road n
obwodnica
highway

ring-billed gull n
mewa delawarska
Larus delawarensis

ringtone n
dzwonek
sound made by a telephone when ringing

ringwoodite n
ringwoodyt
cubic form of olivine

rink /ɹɪŋk/ n
lodowisko
sheet of ice prepared for playing certain sports

rinse /ɹɛns/ /ɹɪns/ v
płukać
to wash something quickly using water and no soap

riot /ˈɹaɪ.ət/ /ˈɹaɪ.ɪt/ n
hulanka
excessive and expensive feasting
zamieszki zbiegowisko
tumultuous disturbance of public peace

riot police n
oddziały prewencji prewencja
a unit of police specifically trained to deal with rioting crowds

rip /ɹɪp/ v
zgrać zgrywać
to copy data to a device

rip current n
prąd odpływowy
strong water flow

ripe /ɹaɪp/ adj
dojrzały
ready for reaping or gathering, of fruits and seeds

ripen /ˈɹaɪpən/ v
dojrzewać dojrzeć
to grow ripe

ripeness n
dojrzałość
characteristic of being ripe

ripening n
dojrzewanie
process

ripple /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ n
zmarszczka
moving disturbance or undulation in the surface of a liquid

rise /ɹaɪs/ /ɹaɪz/ n
wzrost
increase (in a quantity, price, etc)

rise /ɹaɪs/ /ɹaɪz/ v
wschodzić
of a celestial body: to appear to move from behind the horizon
podnieść się unieść się
to move upwards

risible /ˈɹɪzɪbəl/ adj
śmiechowy
pertaining to laughter
wesoły
prone to laughter
śmieszny
provoking laughter

risk /ɹɪsk/ n
ryzyko
likelihood of a negative outcome
potential (conventionally negative) impact of an event
ryzyko zagrożenie
possible, usually negative, outcome

risk /ɹɪsk/ v
ryzykować zaryzykować
to incur risk by something
to incur risk of something
to incur risk to something

rite /ɹaɪt/ n
obrządek obrzęd ryt rytuał
ritual

ritual /ˈɹɪ.tʃu.əl/ adj
rytualny obrzędowy
related to a rite

ritual /ˈɹɪ.tʃu.əl/ n
rytuał obrządek obrzęd
rite

ritually adv
rytualnie
in a ritual manner

rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/ n
rywal
competitor with the same objective

rivalry /ˈɹaɪ.vəl.ɹi/ n
rywalizacja
competition

river /ˈɹɪvə/ /ˈɹɪvɚ/ n
rzeka
large stream which drains a landmass
any large flow of a liquid

rivet /ˈɹɪvət/ n
nit
cylindrical mechanical fastener

roach /ɹoʊtʃ/ /ɹəʊtʃ/ n
płoć
Rutilus rutilus

road /ɹoʊd/ /ɹəʊd/ n
droga szosa
a way for travel

road rage n
agresja na drodze
behaviour

road roller n
walec
heavy engineering vehicle used to compact asphalt

roadside bomb n
fugas
explosive device

roadside hawk n
myszołów krzykliwy
Buteo magnirostris

roadstead n
reda
partly-sheltered anchorage outside a harbour

roadworker n
drogowiec
worker

roar /ɹo(ː)ɹ/ /ɹoə/ /ɹɔɹ/ /ɹɔː/ n
ryk
cry of the lion
long, loud, deep shout
loud resounding noise such as sound of a motorbike or a similar engine

roar /ɹo(ː)ɹ/ /ɹoə/ /ɹɔɹ/ /ɹɔː/ v
ryczeć zaryczeć
of animals, to make a loud deep noise
to make loud, deep cry of emotion

roast /ɹoʊst/ /ɹəʊst/ n
roast
comical event
pieczeń
cut of meat

roast /ɹoʊst/ /ɹəʊst/ v
prażyć
to cook by surrounding with hot embers, etc.
piec upiec
to cook food by heating in an oven or fire

roast beef n
rostbef
Beef cooked by roasting

rob /ɹɑb/ /ɹɒb/ v
grabić obrabować obłupić ograbić
to steal from, using violence

robber /ˈɹɑbɚ/ /ˈɹɒ.bə(ɹ)/ n
rozbójnik złodziej
one who robs

robbery /ˈɹɑbəɹi/ /ˈɹɒbəɹi/ n
rabunek rozbój napad grabież
act or practice of robbing
rozbój rabunek
attempt of taking the property of another by threat

robin /ˈɹɑb.ɪn/ /ˈɹɒb.ɪn/ n
rudzik
Erithacus rubecula
drozd wędrowny
Turdus migratorius

robot /ˈɹoʊbɑt/ /ˈɹoʊbət/ /ˈɹəʊbɒt/ n
robot
intelligent mechanical being
machine to perform complex tasks
person who does not seem to have any emotions

robotization n
robotyzacja

robust /ɹoʊˈbʌst/ /ɹəʊˈbʌst/ adj
czerstwy krzepki rozrosły silny wysportowany
evincing strength

roche moutonnée /ɹɒʃ muːˈtɒneɪ/ n
baraniec muton
rock formation

rock /ɹɑk/ /ɹɒk/ n
gruda
crystallized lump of crack cocaine
skała głaz
large stone or boulder
skała
natural mineral aggregate
mass of projecting rock
hill or island without vegetation
kamień szlachetny
precious stone or gem
skała opoka
something strong, stable, and dependable
rock
style of music

rock dove /ɹɒk dʌv/ n
gołąb skalny
Columba livia

rock hyrax n
góralek przylądkowy
Procavia capensis

rock paper scissors n
papier, kamień, nożyce
popular child's game

rock samphire pn
babia sól koper morski kowniatek morski
Crithmum maritimum

rocker n
fotel bujany krzesło bujane
Hence, a rocking chair
biegun
curved piece of wood

rocket /ˈɹɑkɪt/ /ˈɹɒkɪt/ n
rakieta
a rocket engine
a vehicle
non-guided missile
a projectile firework

rocket engine n
silnik rakietowy
reaction engine

rocket launcher n
wyrzutnia rakietowa
device for launching a missile

rocket science n
czarna magia
anything overly complex (idiomatic)

rockfowl n
sępowronka
passerine bird

rocking chair n
fotel bujany fatersztul
chair with a curved base which can be gently rocked

rocky /ˈɹɒki/ [ˈɹʷɒki] [ˈɹʷɔkiː] adj
skalisty
full of rocks

rod /ɹɑd/ /ɹɒd/ n
wędka
fishing rod or pole
pałeczka
microbiology: rod shaped microorganism
pręcik
part of the retina of the eye
drążek
slang: penis
rózga kij
stick or bundle used for punishment
pręt
stick to measure length
straight round stick, shaft, or bar
unit of length
pałeczka pręcik
stirring rod

rodent /ˈɹəʊdənt/ n
gryzoń
mammal of the order Rodentia

rodeo /ɹoʊ.ˈdeɪ.oʊ/ /ˈɹoʊ.di.oʊ/ n
rodeo
sport

roe /ˈɹoʊ/ /ˈɹəʊ/ n
ikra
eggs of fish

roe deer /ˈɹəʊˌdɪə/ n
sarna
small deer species, Capreolus capreolus

roebuck /ˈɹəʊ.bʌk/ n
kozioł rogacz
male roe deer

roentgenium /ɹɛntˈɡɛniəm/ /ɹʌntˈɡɛniəm/ n
roentgen
chemical element

roger /ˈɹɑdʒɚ/ /ˈɹɒdʒə/ interjection
przyjąć zrozumieć
received

role /ɹəʊl/ n
funkcja
(grammar) the function of a word in a phrase
rola
character or part
the expected behavior of an individual in a society
rola funkcja pozycja
the function or position of something

role model n
wzór do naśladowania
a person who serves as an example

roll /ɹoʊl/ /ɹəʊl/ n
zwój
a scroll

roll /ɹoʊl/ /ɹəʊl/ v
toczyć
to cause to revolve

rolled oats n
płatki owsiane
oat groats rolled into flat flakes

roller skate n
łyżworolka
a boot having small wheels

roller skating n
wrotkarstwo
skating on roller skates

rollerblade n
łyżworolki
type of roller skate

rollercoaster /ˈɹoʊlɚˌkoʊstɚ/ n
kolejka górska
amusement ride

rolling pin n
wałek do ciasta
food preparation utensil

rollmop n
rolmops
fillet of herring

roly-poly /ˈɹoʊliˈpoʊli/ /ˌɹəʊlɪˈpəʊli/ n
wańka-wstańka
A toy that rights itself when pushed over

romaji /ˈɹoʊmədʒi/ /ˈɹəʊmədʒɪ/ n
romaji
romanization of Japanese

romance /ɹoʊˈmæns/ /ɹəˈmæns/ n
romans
intimate relationship, love affair

romantic /ɹoʊˈmæn(t)ɪk/ /ɹəʊˈmæntɪk/ adj
romantyczny
concerned with, or conducive to, romance and love
fantastic, idealistic
powerfully sentimental, evocative

romantic /ɹoʊˈmæn(t)ɪk/ /ɹəʊˈmæntɪk/ n
romantyczka romantyk
person who is behaving romantically
person with romantic character

romantically adv
romantycznie
in a romantic way

rondel n
sztylet tarczkowy
long thin medieval dagger

roof /ɹuːf/ n
dach
the cover at the top of a building
sklepienie strop
the upper part of a cavity

roof rack n
bagażnik dachowy
rack attached to the top of a car

roof tile n
dachówka
tile covering a roof

roofer n
dekarz
craftsman who lays or repairs roofs

rook /ɹuːk/ /ɹʊk/ n
gawron
bird
wieża
chesspiece

rook /ɹuːk/ /ɹʊk/ v
oszukać
cheat, swindle

rookie /ˈɹʊki/ n
żółtodziób
a novice
kot
an inexperienced recruit

room /ɹum/ /ɹuːm/ /ɹʊm/ n
pokój izba komnata pomieszczenie komora
division in a building
miejsce przestrzeń
space

room temperature n
temperatura pokojowa
normal temperature

roommate /ˈɹumˌmeɪt/ n
współlokator
US: with whom one shares an apartment or house
a person with whom one shares a room

roost /ɹuːst/ n
grzęda
place for sleeping birds

rooster /ˈɹustəɹ/ /ˈɹuːstə/ n
kogut kokot kur
male chicken; male gallinaceous bird

root /ɹuːt/ /ɹʊt/ n
pierwiastek miejsce zerowe
analysis: zero of a function
pierwiastek korzeń
arithmetic: number or expression which when raised to a power gives the specified number or expression
rdzeń korzeń
linguistic morphology: primary lexical unit of a word
cebulka korzeń
part of a hair under the skin
korzeń pierwiastek
part of a plant
of a tooth
graph theory: node in a tree that has no parent
philology: word from which another word or words are derived
źródło korzeń
primary source

root for v
kibicować
encourage a favored person

root hair n
włośniki

root mean square n
średnia kwadratowa
type of average

roots /ɹuːts/ /ɹʊts/ n
korzenie
ancestors
korzenie źródła
beginnings

rootstock n
podkładka
a healthy plant used as the base for grafting

rope /ɹoʊp/ /ɹəʊp/ n
lina sznur powróz
thick, strong string

rorqual /ˈɹɒɹkwəl/ n
fałdowiec
whale with long skin folds below mouth

rosary /ˈɹoʊzəɹi/ n
różaniec
Catholic prayer beads
devotion

rose /ɹoʊz/ /ɹəʊz/ adj
różowy róża
colour

rose /ɹoʊz/ /ɹəʊz/ n
róża
flower
shrub

rose quartz n
kwarc różowy
pinkish to reddish-colored quartz

rose-colored glasses n
różowe okulary
overly optimistic perception of something

rosebush n
krzew róży
rose plant

rosefinch n
dziwonia
bird in the genus Carpodacus

rosemary n
rozmaryn rozmaryn lekarski
shrub

rosewood n
palisander
fragrant wood of Dalbergia nigra

rosin /ˈɹɑ.zən/ /ˈɹɒ.zən/ n
kalafonia
solid form of resin

rostrum /ˈɹɑː.stɹəm/ /ˈɹɒ.stɹəm/ n
mównica pulpit
dais, pulpit, or similar platform

rot /ɹɒt/ /ɹɔt/ [ɹɑt] v
gnić
to decay

rotate /ɹəʊˈteɪt/ /ˈɹoʊteɪt/ v
obracać się obrócić się
to spin, turn, or revolve
obracać obrócić
to spin, turn, or revolve something

rotifer n
wrotek
organism of the phylum Rotifera

rotor n
rotor wirnik
a rotating part of a mechanical device
wirnik śmigło
the wing of a helicopter or similar

rotorcraft n
wiropłat
aircraft that obtains its lift from rotors

rotten /ˈɹɑtn̩/ /ˈɹɒtn̩/ adj
zgniły
decayed, gone bad

rough /ɹʌf/ adj
szorstki chropowaty zgrubny
not smooth

roughen v
chamieć schamieć

roulette n
ruletka
game of chance

round /ˈɹaʊnd/ adj
okrągły
circular or cylindrical
spherical

round /ˈɹaʊnd/ n
krąg koło okrąg runda
circular object
obchód
circular or repetitious route
nabój pocisk
individual ammunition shell
kolejka
serving
runda
stage of a sports competition
segment of a sport event

round /ˈɹaʊnd/ v
zaokrąglać
to approximate a number

round angle n
kąt pełny
an angle of 360 degrees

round bracket n
nawias
parenthesis, bracket

round off v
zaokrąglać zaokrąglić
to change a number into an approximation having fewer significant digits
wyokrąglać wyokrąglić zaokrąglać zaokrąglić
to change the shape of an object to make it more circular

round table n
okrągły stół
conference

roundabout adj
okrężny okólny
circuitous

roundabout n
karuzela
children's play apparatus which rotates around a central axis when pushed
rondo
road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island

roundhouse kick n
kopnięcie okrężne

rounding /ˈɹaʊndɪŋ/ n
zaokrąglanie
the act of rounding a mathematical value

roundworm /ˈɹaʊndˌwɜːm/ /ˈɹaʊndˌwɝm/ n
glista
invertebrate of the phylum Nematoda

roustabout n
portowiec wyrobnik
an unskilled laborer

route /ɹut/ /ɹuːt/ /ɹʉːt/ n
szlak szlaki tras trasa trasy
course or way traveled
sposób
way to do something

route /ɹut/ /ɹuːt/ /ɹʉːt/ v
pokierować wskazać kierunek
to direct along a particular course

route planner n
nawigacja nawigator
tool for finding optimal routes

router /ˈɹaʊtə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹaʊtɚ/ /ˈɹuːtə(ɹ)/ n
router trasownik
device that connects local area networks to form a larger internet
router ruter trasownik
device that directs packets of information

rover n
łazik
a vehicle for exploring extraterrestrial bodies
wagabunda włóczykij
one who roves

row /ɹoʊ/ /ɹəʊ/ /ˈɹoʊ/ /ˈɹəʊ/ n
wiersz
in a table
rząd szereg
line of objects

row /ɹaʊ/ /ˈɹoʊ/ /ˈɹəʊ/ v
wiosłować
transitive:to propel over water using oars
intransitive: to propel a boat or other craft over water using oars

rowan /ˈɹaʊ.ən/ /ˈɹəʊ.ən/ n
jarzębina
jarząb pospolity jarzębina
Sorbus aucuparia
jarzębina jarząb
tree or shrub of the genus Sorbus

rowboat n
łódź wiosłowa
small boat that is rowed

rower /ˈɹəʊ.ə(ɹ)/ n
wioślarka wioślarz
person who rows a boat

rowing n
wiosłowanie
action of the verb "to row"
wioślarstwo
the sport

royal /ˈɹɔɪəl/ adj
królewski
of or relating to a monarch or their family

royal family n
rodzina królewska
family of the ruling sovereign of a country or state

royal flush n
poker królewski
ace-high straight flush

royal jelly n
mleczko pszczele
substance secreted by bees

royalist n
rojalista rojalistka
supporter of monarchy

rub /ɹʌb/ v
trzeć
to move one object while maintaining contact with another object over some area
ocierać
to rub something against (a second thing)
wcierać
to spread a substance thinly over; to smear

rubber /ˈɹʌbə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹʌbɚ/ n
gumka
condom
guma
pliable material derived from the sap of the rubber tree
synthetic materials with the same properties

rubber duck n
(gumowa) kaczuszka
toy shaped like a duck

rubber stamp n
stempel pieczątka
piece of rubber to make an imprint

rubber tree n
kauczukowiec
Hevea brasiliensis

rubella /ɹuːˈbɛlə/ n
różyczka
disease caused by the Rubella virus infecting the respiratory tract

rubidium /ˌɹuːˈbɪd.i.əm/ n
rubid
element with atomic number 37

ruble /ɹuːbəl/ n
rubel
Russian monetary unit

ruby [ˈɹuːbi] adj
rubinowy
of a deep red colour

ruby [ˈɹuːbi] n
rubinowy
colour
rubin
type of gem

ruckus /ˈɹʌkəs/ n
zamieszanie
A noisy disturbance and/or commotion

rudder /ˈɹʌdə(ɹ)/ /ˈɹʌdɚ/ n
ster kierunku ster
control surface of an aircraft
ster
underwater vane used to steer a vessel

rude /ɹud/ /ɹuːd/ /ɹʉːd/ adj
grubiański chamski nieuprzejmy
bad-mannered
nieprzyzwoity obsceniczny
obscene, pornographic, offensive

rudimentary /ˌɹuːdɪˈmɛntəɹi/ adj
minimalny ograniczony
basic; minimal
podstawowy elementarny
of or relating to rudiments

rue /ɹuː/ n
ruta
any of various perennial shrubs

ruff /ɹəf/ /ɹʌf/ n
kryza
circular frill or ruffle on a garment
batalion bojownik batalion
the bird Philomachus pugnax (syn. Calidris pugnax)

ruffe n
jazgarz
fish of the genus Gymnocephalus

ruffed grouse n
cieciornik
game bird

ruffle /ˈɹʌfəl/ n
falbana
strip of fabric

rufous-bellied kookaburra n
kukabura rdzawobrzucha
Dacelo gaudichaud

rufous-bellied tit n
sikora rdzawobrzucha
Melaniparus rufiventris

rufous-capped antshrike n
chronka rdzawoglowa
Thamnophilus ruficapillus

rufous-winged antshrike n
chronka brazylijska
Thamnophilus torquatus

rug /ɹʌɡ/ n
dywanik
partial floor covering

ruin /ˈɹu.ɪn/ /ˈɹuː.ɪn/ n
ruina
remains of destroyed construction
something which leads to serious troubles
the state of being a ruin, destroyed or decayed

rule /ɹuːl/ n
reguła zasada
regulation

rule /ɹuːl/ v
wymiatać
slang: to excel
rządzić
to regulate, be in charge of, make decisions for, reign over

rule out v
wykluczać
to make something impossible

rulemaking adj
normotwórczy
having the power to make rules

rulemaking n
normotwórstwo prawodawstwo prawotwórstwo
the process of creating regulations

ruler /ˈɹulɚ/ /ˈɹuːlə(ɹ)/ n
władczyni
a female person who rules or governs
linijka
measuring or drawing device
władca
person who rules or governs

rulership /ˈɹuːlə(ɹ)ʃɪp/ n
władza władztwo
where one rules over others

rules are made to be broken proverb
zasady są po to, żeby je łamać
it is acceptable to break rules

ruling pen n
grafion
a drawing instrument

rum /ɹʌm/ n
rum
distilled spirit

rumen /ˈɹu.mən/ n
żwacz
first stomach of ruminants

ruminant /ˈɹuːmɪnənt/ n
przeżuwacz zwierzę przeżuwające
artiodactyl ungulate mammal which chews cud

rummy /ˈɹʌmi/ /ˈɹʌmɪ/ n
remibrydż remik żolik
card game

rumor /ˈɹumɚ/ /ˈɹuːmə(ɹ)/ n
plotka pogłoska
statement or claim from no known reliable source

rump /ˈɹʌmp/ n
zad
the hindquarters of an animal

rumple v
gnieść marszczyć miąć pognieść zmarszczyć zmiąć
to make wrinkled

run /ɹʊn/ /ɹʌn/ n
wybieg
enclosure for animals
bieg
the act of running
oczko
unravelled stitches

run /ɹʊn/ /ɹʌn/ v
cieknąć
to flow
biec biegać
to move quickly on two feet

run away v
uciekać
to flee by running

run into v
najechać najeżdżać
intransitive, to collide with

run over v
przejechać przejeżdżać rozjechać rozjeżdżać
to drive over, causing injury or death

run-of-the-mill adj
zwyczajny
ordinary

rune /ɹuːn/ n
runa
letter or character

runestone n
kamień runiczny
stone with a runic inscription

rung /ɹʌŋ/ n
poprzeczka
crosspiece between chair legs
szczebel
ladder step

running /ˈɹʌnɪŋ/ n
bieg bieganie
the action of the verb to run

running board n
stopień
step under the car door

running track n
bieżnia
track for running events

runny nose n
katar
condition of discharge of mucus from the nose

runs /ɹʌnz/ n
sraczka
diarrhea

runt /ˈɹʌnt/ n
cherlak
undersized or stunted plant, animal or person

runway /ˈɹʌnweɪ/ /ˈɹʌnˌweɪ/ n
droga startowa pas startowy
(aviation) strip for airplanes to land on or take off from
wybieg
walkway extending from a stage

rupee /ɹuˈpi/ /ˌɹuːˈpiː/ n
rupia
monetary currency

rural /ˈɹʊəɹəl/ /ˈɹʊɹəl/ adj
wiejski sielski wioskowy
pertaining to non-urban areas

rusa deer n
Sambar sundajski
Cervus timorensis

rusalka n
rusałka
female water spirit that leads handsome men to their deaths

ruse /ɹuz/ /ɹuːz/ n
mistyfikacja podstęp wybieg
action intended to deceive

rush /ɹʌʃ/ n
pośpiech
haste

rush hour n
godziny szczytu
times of day when traffic jams are commonplace, principally due to commuting

rushnyk n
ręcznik
traditional East Slavic towel/cloth

rusk /ɹʌsk/ n
suchar
light, soft bread, often toasted or crisped in an oven

rust /ɹʌst/ n
rdza
result of oxidation
plant disease

rust /ɹʌst/ v
rdzewieć
to oxidise

rustler n
złodziej bydła
cattle thief

rustproof adj
nierdzewny
resistant to rust, oxidation and corrosion

rut /ɹʌt/ n
koleina
furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground

ruthenium /ɹuːˈθiːniəm/ n
ruten
chemical element

rutherfordium /ˌɹʌðəɹˈfɔːɹdiəm/ n
rutherford
chemical element

ruthless /ˈɹuːθləs/ adj
bezwzględny
without pity or compassion

ruthlessly /ˈɹuːθ.ləs.li/ adv
bezpardonowo bezwzględnie niemiłosiernie
in a ruthless manner

rutile n
rutyl
the most frequent of the three polymorphs of titanium dioxide

rye /ɹaɪ/ n
żyto
the grass Secale cereale or its grains as food

rye bread n
chleb żytni
type of bread

ryegrass n
życica

rösti /ˈɹɔsti/ /ˈɹɜːstɪ/ n
roesti rösti
traditional dish in Germanophone Switzerland made from fried potatoes

sable /ˈseɪbəl/ adj
czarny
of black colour on a coat of arms

sable /ˈseɪbəl/ n
soból
animal
czerń
heraldic colour

sablefish n
dorszyk czarny
Anoplopoma fimbria

sabot /ˈsæboʊ/ /ˈsæbəʊ/ n
drewniak sabot
a wooden shoe worn in various European countries

sabotage /ˈsæbətɑʒ/ n
sabotaż
act with intent to injure
deliberate action of subversion, obstruction, disruption, destruction

sabotage /ˈsæbətɑʒ/ v
sabotować
deliberate destruction to prevent success

sabre /ˈseɪ.bə(ɹ)/ /ˈseɪ.bɚ/ n
szabla
light sword, sharp along the front edge, part of the back edge, and at the point
modern fencing sword modeled after the sabre

sabre-toothed tiger n
tygrys szablozębny
prehistoric cat

saccharide /ˈsæk.ə.ɹaɪd/ /ˈsæk.əɹ.aɪd/ n
sacharyd
the unit structure of carbohydrates, of general formula CnH2nOn

saccharin /ˈsækəɹɪn/ n
sacharyna
white crystalline powder

sack /sæk/ n
worek
bag for commodities or items

sack race n
wyścig w workach
type of children's game

sacrament /ˈsækɹəmənt/ n
sakrament
sacred act or ceremony

sacred /ˈseɪkəd/ /ˈseɪkɹɪd/ adj
święty
made holy

sacrifice /ˈsækɹɪfaɪs/ n
ofiara
something sacrificed

sacrifice /ˈsækɹɪfaɪs/ v
poświęcić poświęcać
to give away something valuable in order to gain something else of value
ofiarować złożyć w ofierze
to offer as a gift to a deity
poświęcać poświęcić
to sell without profit

sacrilege n
świętokradztwo profanacja
desecration, profanation, misuse or violation of something sacred

sacristy n
zakrystia
room in a church

sacrum n
krzyż kość krzyżowa
bone at the base of the spine

sad /sæd/ adj
smutny
feeling sorrow

sadden /ˈsædən/ v
smucić zasmucać zasmucić
make sad or unhappy

saddle /ˈsædəl/ n
comber
cut of meat
przełęcz siodło
low point, in the shape of a saddle, between two hills
listwa progowa
raised floorboard in a doorway
siodełko siodło
seat on a bicycle etc
siodło
seat on an animal
harness saddle on an animal

saddle /ˈsædəl/ v
osiodłać siodłać
to put a saddle on

saddle bow n
łęk
front part of saddle

saddle point n
punkt siodłowy
geometry

saddlebag /sædəlˈbæɡ/ n
juk
covered pouch

saddler n
siodlarz
someone who makes and repairs saddles

sadhu /ˈsɑːdhuː/ n
sadhu

sadism /seɪdɪzəm/ n
sadyzm
psychology: the enjoyment of inflicting pain or humiliation

sadist /ˈseɪdɪst/ n
sadysta
one who derives pleasure through cruelty or pain to others

sadistic /səˈdɪstɪk/ adj
sadystyczny
of a person
of behaviour

sadly /ˈsadli/ adv
smutno
in a sad manner

sadness /ˈsædnəs/ n
smutek
state/emotion

sadomasochism /seɪdəʊˈmæsəkɪzəm/ n
sadomasochizm
practices of sadism and masochism collectively

safari /səˈfɑːɹ.i/ n
safari
a trip into any undeveloped area

safari park n
park safari
zoo-like attraction

safe /seɪf/ adj
bezpieczny
free from risk
not in danger
properly secured
providing protection from danger

safe /seɪf/ n
sejf
box in which valuables can be locked for safekeeping

safe and sound adj
cały i zdrowy cała i zdrowa
having come to no harm

safe mode n
tryb awaryjny
(computing) troubleshooting mode

safecracker n
kasiarz
translation one who practices safecracking

safety /ˈseɪfti/ n
bezpieczeństwo
condition or feeling of being safe
zabezpieczenie
mechanism to prevent accidental firing

safety pin n
agrafka
pin in the form of a clasp
zawleczka
pin of a hand grenade

safety valve n
zawór bezpieczeństwa
a relief valve set to open at a pressure below that at which a container would burst

safflower /ˈsæfˌlaʊə(ɹ)/ n
krokosz
plant

saffron /ˈsæfɹən/ adj
szafranowy
having an orange-yellow colour

saffron /ˈsæfɹən/ n
szafran (kolor) szafranowy
colour
szafran krokus
plant
szafran
spice
dye

sag /sæɡ/ n
obniżenie
difference in elevation

sagacity /səˈɡæsəti/ n
mądrość roztropność
quality of being sage

sage /seɪdʒ/ adj
mądry rozumny
wise

sage /seɪdʒ/ n
mędrzec
wise person
szałwia szałwia lekarska
plant

saiga n
suhak
antelope

sail /seɪl/ n
żagiel
a piece of fabric attached to a boat
kiosk
a tower-like structure found on the topside of a submarine

sailboat /ˈseɪlˌboʊt/ /ˈseɪlˌbəʊt/ n
żaglówka
a boat propelled by a sail

sailfish n
żaglica
fish

sailing /ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/ adj
żeglować
travelling by ship

sailing /ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/ n
żeglarstwo żeglowanie
motion across water

sailing ship n
żaglowiec
type of ship

sailmaker n
żaglownik
occupation

sailor /ˈseɪlə/ /ˈseɪlɚ/ n
żeglarka żeglarz
person who sails as a sport
marynarz żeglarka żeglarz
worker on a ship, seaman

sainfoin /ˈseɪnfɔɪn/ n
sparceta
perennial herbs

saint /seɪnt/ /sən(t)/ n
święty święta
person proclaimed as saint
(figuratively) a person with positive qualities

sake /seɪk/ n
sake
Japanese rice wine

saker /ˈseɪkə/ n
raróg
falcon

salaam interjection
salam
a Muslim greeting

salaam alaikum interjection
salam alejkum
peace be upon you }}

salad /ˈsæləd/ n
sałatka surówka
food

salamander /ˈsæləˌmændə/ /ˈsæləˌmændɚ/ /ˈsæləˌmɑːndə/ n
salamandra
amphibian
mythical creature
small broiler

salami [səˈlɑːmɪ] n
salami
sausage

salary /ˈsælɚi/ n
pensja płaca wynagrodzenie
fixed amount of money paid on monthly or annual basis

sale /seɪl/ n
sprzedaż
exchange of goods or services for currency or credit
wyprzedaż
sale of goods at reduced prices

salesman n
sprzedawca
man whose job it is to sell things

salesperson n
sprzedawca sprzedawczyni
person who sells

saleswoman n
sprzedawczyni
woman whose occupation is to sell things

salicylate n
salicylan
any salt or ester of salicylic acid

salicylic acid n
kwas salicylowy
salicylic acid

saline /ˈseɪ.laɪn/ /ˈseɪliːn/ adj
słony zasolony
salty

salinity /seɪˈlɪnəti/ n
zasolenie
concentration of salt
słoność
quality of being saline

saliva /səˈlaɪvə/ n
ślina
liquid secreted into the mouth

salivary gland n
gruczoł ślinowy ślinianka
Any of exocrine glands producing saliva to break down carbohydrates in food enzymatically

salivate /ˈsælɪveɪt/ v
wydzielać ślinę ślinić się
to produce saliva
ślinić się
to show eager anticipation

sallow /ˈsæ.ləʊ/ adj
ziemisty
yellowish

sally /ˈsæli/ n
wycieczka
a sortie
wycieczka wypad
an excursion or side trip

salmon /ˈsælmən/ /ˈsæmən/ /ˈsɑmən/ adj
łososiowy
colour

salmon /ˈsælmən/ /ˈsæmən/ /ˈsɑmən/ n
łosoś
fish

salmonella /ˌsæl.məˈnɛl.ə/ /ˌsæməˈnɛlə/ n
salmonella
any of several rod-shaped bacteria, of the genus Salmonella

salo n
sadło słonina
non-rendered pig fat

salon /səˈlɒn/ n
salon
beauty salon
salon sala
large room

salsa /ˈsɑl.sə/ n
salsa
dance
spicy tomato sauce
style of music

salt /sɒɯt/ /sɔlt/ /sɔːlt/ adj
słony sól
saline
salty

salt /sɒɯt/ /sɔlt/ /sɔːlt/ n
sól
compound of an acid and a base
additional bytes inserted into an encryption
wilk morski
sailor
sól sól kuchenna
sodium chloride

salt /sɒɯt/ /sɔlt/ /sɔːlt/ v
solić posolić
to add salt to

salt cellar n
solniczka
container holding salt for use in the kitchen or on a dining table

salt cod n
solony dorsz
Cod that has been dried and salted

salt flat n
solnisko
flat expanse of ground with abundant salt

salt lick n
lizawka
block of salt

salt of the earth n
sól ziemi
a decent, dependable person

salt shaker n
solniczka
a small container designed to hold salt and facilitate sprinkling

saltern n
salina
modern saltworks

saltiness n
słoność zasolenie
property of being, or tasting, salty

salty /ˈsɒl.ti/ adj
słony
tasting of salt
containing salt

salvage /ˈsælvɪdʒ/ n
ocalenie
the rescue of a ship, its crew or its cargo from a hazardous situation

salvage /ˈsælvɪdʒ/ v
ocalić
to rescue

salvation /sælˈveɪʃən/ n
ratunek zbawienie
the process of being saved (religion)

salvo /ˈsælvoʊ/ /ˈsælvəʊ/ n
salwa
concentrated fire from pieces of artillery

samara /ˈsæmərə/ n
skrzydlak
winged indehiscent fruit of trees such as the ash, elm or maple

samarium /səˈmæɹɪəm/ n
samar
chemical element

samba /ˈsɑmbə/ n
samba
Brazilian ballroom dance

same /seɪm/ adj
taki sam
not different as regards self; identical
similar, alike

same /seɪm/ pronoun
samo

same to you phraseologicalUnit
nawzajem wzajemnie
I wish to you what you have just wished to me

same-sex adj
homoseksualny
of or relating to homosexual men or women
jednopłciowy
restricted to members of a single sex

samizdat /ˈsæmɪzdæt/ n
bibuła
a samizdat publication
drugi obieg
underground publishing

samovar n
samowar
metal urn with a spigot, for boiling water for making tea

sampan n
sampan
Chinese boat

sample /sæːm.pəl/ /ˈsæm.pəl/ /ˈsɑːm.pəl/ n
próba
statistics

samsara /sʌmˈsɑɹə/ n
samsara
cycle of reincarnation

samurai /ˈsæm(j)ʊɹaɪ/ /ˈsæməˌɹaɪ/ n
samuraj
feudal Japanese warrior

sanation n
sanacja
act of healing or curing

sanatorium n
sanatorium
institution that treats chronic diseases, and provides supervised recuperation and convalescence

sanctimonious /ˌsæŋk.tɪˈmoʊ.ni.əs/ /ˌsæŋk.tɪˈməʊ.ni.əs/ adj
świętojebliwy świętoszkowaty
making a show of being morally better than others, especially hypocritically

sanctimony n
fałszywa pobożność świętoszkowatość
a hypocritical form of excessive piety

sanction /ˈsæŋkʃən/ n
sankcja
penalty, coercive measure

sanctuary /ˈsæŋktjʊəɹi/ /ˈsæŋkt͡ʃuˌɛɹi/ n
sanktuarium
consecrated area
place of safety or protection

sand /sænd/ n
piasek
finely ground rock
colour

sandal /sændəl/ n
sandał
type of footwear

sandalwood /ˈsandəlwʊd/ n
sandałowiec
any of various tropical trees of the genus Santalum

sandbag n
worek z piaskiem
a bag filled with sand

sandbank n
mielizna ławica piaskowa
ridge of sand

sandbar n
mielizna mielizny
ridge of sand

sandblast /ˈsænd.blɑːst/ v
piaskować
to spray with sand

sandbox /ˈsændbɑks/ /ˈsændbɒks/ n
piaskownica
box with sand for children
obszar izolowany piaskownica
isolated program execution area
brudnopis
wiki sandbox

sandhi /ˈsɑndi/ /ˈsʌndi/ n
sandhi
phonological process

sandpaper /ˈsændˌpeɪpɚ/ n
papier ścierny
paper coated with abrasive material

sandpit /sændpɪt/ n
piaskownica
children's play area

sandstone /ˈsændˌstoʊn/ /ˈsændˌstəʊn/ n
piaskowiec
sand/clay sedimentary rock

sandstorm n
burza piaskowa
strong wind carrying clouds of sand

sandur n
sandr
outwash plain

sandwich /ˈsæn(d)wɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsænˌ(d)wɪt͡ʃ/ n
kanapka sandwicz
snack consisting of two slices of bread

sandy /ˈsændi/ adj
piaszczysty
covered with sand

sane /seɪn/ adj
rozsądny
mentally sound; possessing a rational mind

sang-froid /sɑŋˈfɹɑ/ n
zimna krew
composure, level-headedness, coolness in trying circumstances

sangria /sæŋˈɡɹiːə/ n
sangria
Spanish wine drink with fruit, sugar and soda

sanguinary /ˈsæŋɡwɪneɹi/ /ˈsæŋɡwɪnəɹi/ adj
krwawy
accompanied by bloodshed
consisting of or similar to blood
krwiożerczy
eager for bloodshed

sanguine /ˈsæŋ.ɡwɪn/ adj
optymistyczny
anticipating the best

sanguine /ˈsæŋ.ɡwɪn/ n
krwistoczerwony
blood red colour
heliotrop
bloodstone

sanicle n
żankiel
plant

sanitary napkin n
podpaska
pad of cotton or other absorbent material

sap /sæp/ n
sok
juice of plant

sapper n
saper
one who saps; combat engineer

sapphire /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ɚ/ adj
szafirowy
colour

sapphire /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ /ˈsæf.aɪ̯ɚ/ n
szafir
gem

saprophyte /ˈsæpɹəʊfaɪt/ n
saprofit
organism that lives on dead organic matter

sapwood /ˈsapwʊd/ n
biel
wood just under the bark

sarafan n
sarafan
a traditional long, trapeze-shaped Russian pinafore worn by women and girls.

sarcasm /ˈsɑːɹˌkæzəm/ n
sarkazm drwina kpina szyderstwo
derision, facetiousness

sarcastic /sɑɹˈkæstik/ /sɑːˈkæstik/ adj
sarkastyczny
Containing sarcasm
Having the personality trait of expressing sarcasm

sarcoidosis n
sarkoidoza
multisystem disorder

sarcopenia n
sarkopenia
gradual age-related loss of skeletal muscle

sarcophagus /sɑː(ɹ)ˈkɒfəɡəs/ n
sarkofag
coffin
steel structure

sardine /sɑɹˈdin/ /sɑːˈdiːn/ n
sardynka
fish

sardonic /saːˈdɔnɪk/ /sɑɹˈdɑːnɪk/ /sɑːˈdɒnɪk/ adj
sardoniczny
ironically humorous
scornfully mocking

sari /ˈsɑː.ɹi/ n
sari
cloth

sartorial /sɑɹˈtɔɹ.i.əl/ /sɑːˈtɔː.ɹi.əl/ adj
krawiecki
of or relating to tailoring or clothing

sash /sæʃ/ n
pas szarfa
decorative length of cloth

sashimi /saʃɪmɪ/ /səˈʃiːmi/ n
sashimi
dish of slices of raw fish or meat

satanic /seɪˈtænɪk/ adj
szatański diabelski diaboliczny
evil
szatański diabelski
relating to Satan
satanistyczny
relating to Satanism

satay /sæˈteɪ/ /ˈsæt.eɪ/ n
satay saté
dish

sate /seɪt/ v
nasycić sycić
To satisfy; fill up

sateen /səˈtiːn/ n
satyna
a type of shiny cotton cloth

satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/ n
satelita
a body orbiting a larger one
satelita sztuczny satelita
man-made apparatus designed to be placed in orbit around a celestial body

satellite dish n
antena satelitarna talerz
parabolic antenna

satiate /seɪʃɪˈeɪt/ v
zaspokajać zaspokoić
satisfy
nasycić nasycać
satisfy to excess

satiated adj
syty
pleasantly full

satin /ˈsætɪn/ n
atłas
cloth with a glossy surface and a dull back

satire /ˈsætaɪɹ/ n
satyra
literary technique

satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/ n
satysfakcja zadowolenie
fulfillment of a need or desire
zadowolenie satysfakcja
pleasure obtained by such fulfillment

satisfactory /sætɪsˈfækt(ə)ɹi/ adj
zadowalający
adequate or sufficient

satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ adj
zadowolony
in a state of satisfaction

satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ v
zadowolić zadowalać
to meet needs, to fulfill

satrap /ˈseɪtɹæp/ n
satrapa
governor of a Persian province

satrapy n
satrapia
territory governed by a satrap

saturation n
nasycenie
chemistry: state of a saturated solution
saturacja
the act of saturating or the process of being saturated

saturnine /ˈsætənaɪn/ /ˈsætɚˌnaɪn/ adj
ponury
of a person: having a tendency to be cold, bitter, gloomy, etc.

satyr /sæt.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈseɪt.əɹ/ n
satyr
Greek mythology

sauce /sɔs/ /sɔːs/ n
sos
liquid condiment

saucepan /ˈsɔsˌpæn/ /ˈsɔːs.pən/ n
rondel
deep cooking vessel

saucer /ˈsɑ.səɹ/ /ˈsɔ.səɹ/ /ˈsɔː.sə/ n
spodek
small dish

sauerkraut /ˈsaʊəˌkɹaʊt/ /ˈsaʊɚˌkɹaʊt/ /ˈsaʊɚˌkɹʌʊt/ n
kiszona kapusta
a dish made by fermenting finely chopped cabbage

sauna /ˈsɔː.nə/ n
sauna
sauna room or house
act of using a sauna

sausage /ˈsɑsɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsɒsɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈsɔsɪd͡ʒ/ n
kiełbasa
a food made of minced meat packed into a tubular casing
kiełbaska kiełbasa
small, uncooked

savage /ˈsævɪdʒ/ adj
barbarzyński niecywilizowany
barbaric, not civilized
okrutny bestialski bezlitosny brutalny
brutal, vicious or merciless
bestialski brutalny okrutny
fierce and ferocious
dziki zdziczały
wild, not cultivated

savage /ˈsævɪdʒ/ n
dzikus
uncivilized or feral person

savagery /ˈsæv.ɪd͡ʒ.ɹɪ/ n
dzikość
being savage

save /seɪv/ v
zapisywać
computing: to write a file to a storage medium
zbawić
theology: to redeem or protect someone from eternal damnation
oszczędzać
to accumulate money
ratować
to help someone to survive, or rescue someone

save face v
zachować twarz
preserve reputation

savin n
Jałowiec sabiński jałowiec sawina sawina
Juniperus sabina

savings bank n
bank oszczędnościowy
financial institution

savory /ˈseɪvəɹi/ n
cząber
herb of genus Satureja

saw /sɑː/ /sɑːl/ /sɔ/ /sɔː/ n
piła piłka
tool
przysłowie powiedzenie
saying or proverb

saw /sɑː/ /sɑːl/ /sɔ/ /sɔː/ v
piłować przepiłować przerżnąć rżnąć
cut with a saw

sawdust n
trociny
dust created by sawing

sawfish n
piła
ray with saw-shaped snout

sawfly n
rośliniarka
insect of the suborder Symphyta

sawm n
saum
Islamic fasting

sawmill n
tartak
machine, building or company

saxifrage n
skalnica
plant

saxophone /ˈsæksəfoʊn/ n
saksofon
a musical instrument of the woodwind family

saxophonist /sækˈsɒfənɪst/ /ˈsæksəˌfoʊnɪst/ /ˌsækˈsɑ.fəˌnɪst/ n
saksofonista saksofonistka
person who plays or practices with the saxophone

say /seɪ/ v
mówić powiedzieć
to communicate verbally or in writing
mówić powiedzieć rzec powiadać wymawiać
to pronounce

say goodbye v
pożegnać żegnać
wish someone farewell upon their leaving

saying /ˈseɪɪŋ/ n
powiedzenie
proverb or maxim

sayonara /ˌsaɪəˈnɑːɹə/ interjection
sajonara
goodbye, in reference to Japan (transliterations and different spellings only)

scab /skæb/ n
strup
incrustation over a wound

scabbard /ˈskæb.əd/ /ˈskæb.ɚd/ n
pochwa
the sheath of a sword

scabies /ˈskei.biz/ n
świerzb
an infestation of parasitic mites, Sarcoptes scabiei

scaffold /ˈskæfəld/ n
szafot
platform for executions
rusztowanie
structure made of scaffolding for workers to stand on

scaffold /ˈskæfəld/ v
orusztować rusztować
set up scaffolding

scaffolding n
rusztowanie
system of tubes or poles used to support people and material

scalability n
skalowalność
property of being scalable

scalar adj
skalarny
having magnitude

scalar n
skalar
quantity with magnitude

scalar product n
iloczyn skalarny
product of two vectors

scale /skeɪl/ n
skala
ratio of distances
sequence for measurement
series of notes
size or scope
łuska
keratin pieces covering the skin of certain animals
flake of skin
szala
dish of a balance

scale /skeɪl/ v
skalować
to tolerate increases in throughput

scale insect n
czerwiec
small parasitic insect of superfamily Coccoidea

scalene adj
różnoboczny
sides of different lengths

scales /skeɪlz/ n
waga
device for weighing goods for sale

scalpel /ˈskælpəl/ n
skalpel
small straight knife

scalper n
konik
one who sells tickets unofficially

scaly /ˈskeɪli/ adj
łuskowaty
covered or abounding with scales

scam /skæm/ n
oszustwo przekręt szwindel
fraudulent deal

scamper /ˈskæmpə/ /ˈskæmpɚ/ v
pędzić
To run quickly and lightly, especially in a playful manner or in an undignified manner

scan /skæn/ n
skanowanie
instance of scanning

scan /skæn/ v
skanować
create a digital copy of an image using a scanner

scandal /ˈskændəl/ n
awantura skandal afera draka hańba heca
incident that brings disgrace

scandium /ˈskændi.əm/ n
skand
chemical element

scanlation n
skanlacja
the process of scanlation

scanner /ˈskænə/ /ˈskænɚ/ n
skaner
device which scans documents

scapegoat /ˈskeɪpˌɡoʊt/ /ˈskeɪpˌɡəʊt/ n
kozioł ofiarny
a goat imbued with the sins of the people
someone punished for someone else's error(s)

scapular /ˈskapjʊlə/ n
szkalperz
a short cloak with an embroidered image of a saint

scar /skɑɹ/ /skɑː(ɹ)/ n
blizna szrama
permanent mark on the skin

scarab n
skarabeusz
Scarabaeus sacer

scarcity n
niedostatek
the condition of something being scarce or deficient

scare /skɛə/ /skɛɚ/ v
straszyć
to frighten

scarecrow /ˈskɛə.kɹəʊ/ /ˈskɛəɹ.kɹoʊ/ n
strach na wróble strach
an effigy made to scare the birds away

scared /skɛəd/ /skɛɹd/ adj
wystraszony zalękniony
afraid, frightened

scarf /skɑːf/ /skɑːɹf/ n
szalik
long garment worn around the neck

scarificator n
skaryfikator
cupping glass

scarlet /ˈskɑɹlɪt/ /ˈskɑːlɪt/ adj
szkarłatny
colour
grzeszny nierządny
sinful

scarlet /ˈskɑɹlɪt/ /ˈskɑːlɪt/ n
szkarłat
colour

scarlet fever n
szkarlatyna
streptococcal infection

scary /ˈskeəɹi/ adj
przerażający straszny
causing, or able to cause, fright

scat /skæt/ v
sio
An imperative demand, often understood by speaker and listener as impertinent

scavenger /ˈskæv.ən.dʒə(ɹ)/ n
padlinożerca
animal feeding on decaying matter

scenario /səˈneːɹi.əʉ/ /sɪˈnɑːɹi.əʊ/ /sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/ n
scenariusz
outline of the plot of a dramatic or literary work

scene /siːn/ n
scena
the location of an event that attracts attention

scenery /ˈsiːnəɹi/ n
sceneria
view, natural features, landscape

scent /sɛnt/ n
zapach woń
distinctive odour or smell
trop ślad
figuratively: any traces that can be followed
zapach
odour left by animal
zapach perfumy
perfume

scent /sɛnt/ v
zwietrzyć zwęszyć
to detect the scent of
wypełniać wonią
to impart an odour to

scent hound n
tropowiec
hunting dog that tracks prey using its sense of smell

scented adj
pachnący
having a pleasant aroma

scentless adj
bezwonny bezzapachowy
without scent

sceptre /ˈsɛptə/ n
berło
ornamental staff

schedule /ʃɛ.djuːl/ /ˈskɛ.dʒu.əl/ /ˈskɛ.dʒʊl/ /ˈʃɛ.djuːl/ n
harmonogram grafik plan
time-based plan of events

schedule /ʃɛ.djuːl/ /ˈskɛ.dʒu.əl/ /ˈskɛ.dʒʊl/ /ˈʃɛ.djuːl/ v
zaplanować zaprogramować
To plan an activity at a specific date or time
układać harmonogram
to create a schedule

scheelite n
szelit
mineral

scheme /skiːm/ n
plan program
a systematic plan of future action
intryga
secret, devious plan

scherzo /ˈskɛətsəʊ/ /ˈskɛəɹ(ˌ)tsoʊ/ n
scherzo
music

schism /ˈskɪzəm/ n
schizma
division within a religious body
split within Christianity
split, division, separation, discord

schizocarp n
rozłupnia
dry fruit

schizoid personality disorder /ˈskɪtsɔɪd ˌpɜɹsəˈnælɪti dɪsˈɔːdə(ɹ)/ /ˈskɪtsɔɪd ˌpɝsəˈnælɪɾi dɪsˈɔːɹdɚ/ n
schizoidalne zaburzenie osobowości
personality disorder

schizophrenia /ˌskɪt.səˈfɹiː.ni.ə/ n
schizofrenia schiza
informal: condition in which disparate activities coexist
schizofrenia
mental disorder

schnitzel n
sznycel
a meat dish

schnozzle n
nochal
slang: human nose, especially large one

scholar /ˈskɑlɚ/ /ˈskɒlə/ n
uczony
specialist in a particular branch of knowledge

scholar's mate n
mat szewski
checkmate which occurs after the moves 1.e4 e5 2.Qh5 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Qxf7#

scholarship /ˈskɑːləɹʃɪp/ /ˈskɒləʃɪp/ n
stypendium
study allowance

school /skuːl/ n
ławica szkoła
a group of fish
szkoła
(collectively) the followers of a particular doctrine
a department/institute at a college or university
an art movement
an institution dedicated to teaching and learning before college or university
szkoła buda
an institution dedicated to teaching and learning
szkoła uczelnia
college or university

school bus /ˈskuːl.bʌs/ n
autobus szkolny
transport for schoolchildren

school year n
rok szkolny
academic year of a school

schoolboy n
uczeń
young male student

schoolchild /ˈsku.əltʃaɪld/ /ˈskuːltʃaɪld/ n
uczeń
young person attending school or of an age to attend school

schoolgirl n
uczennica
girl attending school

schoolie n
absolwent absolwentka
school-leaver

schooner /skuːnə(ɹ)/ n
szkuner
sailing ship

schwa /ʃwɑ/ /ʃwə/ n
szwa
indeterminate central vowel

sciatica /saɪˈætɪkə/ n
rwa kulszowa
neuralgia of the sciatic nerve

science /ˈsaɪəns/ n
nauka
collective discipline of learning acquired through the scientific method
particular discipline or branch of learning
fact of knowing something
knowledge gained through study or practice

science fiction /ˈsaɪəns ˌfɪkʃən/ n
fantastyka naukowa science fiction
fiction
technology which is not yet practical

scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj
naukowy
of or having to do with science

scientist /ˈsaɪən.tɪst/ n
naukowiec
one whose activities make use of the scientific method

scimitar /ˈsɪmɪtɑːɹ/ /ˈsɪmɪtə(ɹ)/ n
sejmitar
sword with curved blade

scissor kick n
nożyce strzał nożycami
kick in football

scissors /ˈsɪzəz/ /ˈsɪzɚz/ n
nożyczki
tool used for cutting

sclera n
twardówka
white of the eye

scleroderma n
twardzina
disease

sclerosis /sklɪˈɹəʊsɪs/ n
stwardnienie
abnormal hardening of body tissues

scold /skoʊld/ /skəʊld/ v
besztać ganić karcić rugać strofować łajać
rebuke

scoliosis n
skolioza
condition in which there is abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

sconce /skɒns/ n
kinkiet
light fixture on a wall

scooter /ˈskuːtə(ɹ)/ n
hulajnoga
foot-propelled vehicle
skuter
motor-scooter
markaczka uhla
scoter

scops owl n
syczek
Otus scops

scorch /skɔɹtʃ/ /skɔːtʃ/ v
przypiekać
to wither, parch or destroy something by heat or fire

score /sko(ː)ɹ/ /skoə/ /skɔɹ/ /skɔː/ n
wynik
number of points earned

score /sko(ː)ɹ/ /skoə/ /skɔɹ/ /skɔː/ v
nadciąć
to cut a groove in a surface
punktować zapunktować zdobywać punkty zdobyć punkt/punkty
to earn points in a game
zaliczyć
to obtain a sexual favor

scoreboard n
tablica wyników
board that displays the score in a game of contest

scorecard n
karta wyników
card allowing spectators to identify players and record progress

scorn /skɔɹn/ /skɔːn/ n
pogarda lekceważenie
contempt, disdain

scorn /skɔɹn/ /skɔːn/ v
lekceważyć gardzić
to feel contempt or disdain for something or somebody
odrzucić wzgardzić
to reject
drwić szydzić
to scoff or express contempt

scornful adj
pogardliwy
showing scorn or disrespect; contemptuous

scorpion /ˈskɔɹ.pi.ən/ /ˈskɔː.pi.ən/ n
skorpion
any of various arachnids of the order Scorpiones

scoundrel /ˈskaʊ̯ndɹəl/ n
kanalia bezecnik bydlak bydlę drań gad
villain

scout /skaʊt/ [skʌʊt] n
zwiad
act of scouting
harcerz skaut harcerka harcownik skautka
member of the scout movement
zwiadowca
person sent out to gain and bring in tidings

scouthouse /ˈskaʊthaʊs/ n
harcówka
building where members of the Scout Movement hold their meetings

scouting /ˈskaʊtɪŋ/ n
skauting
the Scouting movement

scramble /ˈskɹæmbl̩/ v
leźć
to move hurriedly to a location using all limbs against a surface

scrambled egg n
jajecznica
dish

scrap /skɹæp/ n
złom
discarded objects
resztki
leftover food
kawałek urywek
small piece, fragment
bójka
fight

scrap /skɹæp/ v
wyrzucać wyrzucić
to discard

scrape /skɹeɪp/ v
skrobać
draw an object along while exerting pressure

scraper /ˈskɹeɪpə/ /ˈskɹeɪpɚ/ n
skrobaczka skrobak
an instrument by which anything is scraped

scratch /skɹætʃ/ n
rysa zadrapanie
disruption or mark on a surface

scratch /skɹætʃ/ v
drapać skrobać
to rub a surface with a sharp object

scrawl n
bazgranina bazgroł bohomaz gryzmoł
irregular handwriting

scrawl v
bazgrać gryzmolić skrobać
to write in an irregular or illegible manner

scrawny /ˈskrɔni/ /ˈskrɔːni/ adj
wychudzony
Thin, malnourished and weak

scream /skɹim/ /skɹiːm/ n
krzyk
loud exclamation

scream /skɹim/ /skɹiːm/ v
krzyczeć wrzeszczeć
to make the sound of a scream

scream queen /ˈskɹim kwin/ /ˈskɹiːm kwiːn/ n
królowa krzyku scream queen
actress who appears in several horror movies

scree /skɹi/ /skɹiː/ n
piarg
loose stony debris on a slope

screen /skɹin/ /skɹiːn/ n
ekran
viewing area of electronic output device

screen /skɹin/ /skɹiːn/ v
emitować
film, television: to present publicly

screen printing n
sitodruk
printing method

screenplay /ˈskɹiːnˌpleɪ/ n
scenariusz
script for a movie or a television show

screenshot n
zrzut ekranu
image of computer screen output

screenwriter n
scenarzysta scenarzystka
one who writes for the screen

screw /skɹuː/ n
śruba wkręt
fastener
śruba
ship’s propeller
simple machine

screw thread n
gwint
helical ridge or groove

screw up v
spieprzyć zgnieść zmiąć zmrużyć
spieprzyć
colloquial: to blunder
colloquial: to make a mess of; to ruin
przyśrubować
to tighten or secure with screws

screwdriver n
wkrętak śrubokręt
tool

scribble /ˈskɹɪbəl/ v
bazgrać gryzmolić
to write or draw carelessly and in a hurry

scribe /skɹaɪb/ n
kopista pisarz skryba
one who writes; a draughtsman

script /skɹɪpt/ n
skrypt
procedure or program in computing
scenariusz
text of the dialogue and action for a drama
pismo
writing; written document
(law) an original instrument or document
a system of writing
written characters, style of writing

scriptorium /skɹɪpˈtɔɹ.i.əm/ /skɹɪpˈtɔː.ɹɪəm/ n
skryptorium
room set aside for the copying, writing, or illuminating of manuscripts

scrivener /ˈskɹɪvnə(ɹ)/ /ˈskɹɪvənəɹ/ n
skryba
professional writer

scroll /skɹoʊl/ n
zwitek zwój
roll of paper or parchment

scroll /skɹoʊl/ v
przewijać scrollować
(Computing) to change one's view of data on a computer's display

scroll bar n
pasek przesuwania
graphical widget

scroll saw n
wyrzynarka
fretsaw with an oscillating blade

scrooge /skɹuːdʒ/ n
skąpiec sknera sknerus
miserly person

scrotum /ˈskɹəʊtəm/ n
moszna worek mosznowy
the bag of the skin and muscle that contains the testicles

scrub /skɹʌb/ v
odwołać
to call off a scheduled event; to cancel

scruffy /ˈskɹʌ.fi/ adj
niechlujny
untidy in appearance

scrum /skɹʌm/ n
młyn
(rugby) all the forwards joined together in an organised way
tłum ścisk
a tightly packed and disorderly crowd of people

scrum-half n
łącznik młyna
rugby player

scrunchie n
gumka
small elasticated ring of fabric

scruple /ˈskɹupəl/ /ˈskɹuːpəl/ n
skrupuł
hesitation from the difficulty of determining what is right

scrupulous /ˈskɹu.pjə.ləs/ adj
zasadniczy
having principles
drobiazgowy skrupulatny
meticulous

scrupulously /ˈskɹuːpjʊləsli/ adv
skrupulatnie
in a careful manner

scuffle /ˈskʌfəl/ v
grzmocić się młócić się naparzać się napieprzać się prać się szamotać się
to fight or struggle confusedly at close quarters

scuffling n
szuranie
scuffling

sculptor /ˈskʌlptɚ/ n
rzeźbiarz rzeźbiarka
a person who sculpts

sculptress n
rzeźbiarka
a woman sculptor

sculpture /ˈskʌlptj(ʊ)əɹ/ n
rzeźbiarstwo rzeźba
art of sculpting
rzeźba
work of art created by sculpting

scurry v
mknąć
to run away with quick light steps

scurvy n
szkorbut
deficiency of vitamin C

scurvy-grass n
warzucha
Cochlearia

scuttlebutt /ˈskʌtəlbʌt/ n
plotka
gossip, rumour, idle chatter

scythe /ˈsaɪð/ /ˈsaɪθ/ n
kosa
farm tool

scythe /ˈsaɪð/ /ˈsaɪθ/ v
kosić
to cut with a scythe

sea /siː/ n
morze
body of water

sea anemone n
ukwiał
polyp

sea cucumber n
strzykwa
sea cucumber

sea holly n
mikołajek
Eryngium
mikołajek nadmorski
Eryngium maritimum

sea horse n
konik morski
fish

sea level n
poziom morza
nominal height of the surface of the oceans above which heights of geographical features and aircraft flight levels are measured

sea otter n
kałan morski wydra morska wydrozwierz
Enhydra lutris

sea urchin /ˈsi ˌɝtʃɪ̈n/ n
jeżowiec
any of many marine echinoderms of the class Echinoidea

seaborgium /siːˈbɔːɹɡiəm/ n
seaborg
chemical element with atomic number 106

seadog n
wilk morski
sailor accustomed to the sea

seafarer n
żeglarz
one who travels by sea

seagrass n
trawa morska
grasslike marine plants

seagull /ˈsiː.ɡʌl/ n
mewa
bird of the family Laridae

seal /siːl/ n
foka
pinniped
pieczęć
design or insignia associated with organization or official role
stamp used to impress a design on a soft substance
uszczelka
something designed to prevent leaking
plomba
something which will be visibly damaged when a covering or container is opened
uszczelnienie
tight closure

seal /siːl/ v
zaplombować
to fasten (something) closed so that it cannot be opened without visible damage
przypieczętować
to place a seal on (a document)

sealing wax /ˈsiːlɪŋ ˌwæks/ n
lak
wax formerly melted onto a letter to seal it

seam /siːm/ n
szew
folded back and stitched piece of fabric
suture

seamless adj
bezszwowy
Having no seams
ciągły nieprzerwany
Without interruption; coherent

seamster n
szwacz
person who sews clothes

seamstress /ˈsɛm(p).stɹɪs/ n
szwaczka
a woman who sews clothes professionally

seaplane n
wodnosamolot
an aircraft

search /sɜːt͡ʃ/ /sɝt͡ʃ/ n
poszukiwanie przeszukiwanie
an attempt to find something

search /sɜːt͡ʃ/ /sɝt͡ʃ/ v
szukać przeszukiwać przeszukać
to look throughout (a place) for something

search engine n
szukajka wyszukiwarka
application that searches for data

searocket n
ruwkiel
Cakile

seashell n
muszla muszelka
shell

seasickness /ˈsiːsɪk.nəs/ n
choroba morska
a feeling of nausea caused by the motion of a ship

seaside n
wybrzeże
the area by and around the sea

season /ˈsizən/ /ˈsiːzən/ n
sezon pora roku
part of year with something special
pora roku sezon
quarter of a year

season /ˈsizən/ /ˈsiːzən/ v
przyprawić przyprawiać
to flavour food

seasoning n
przyprawa
cooking ingredient

seat /siːt/ n
siedzenia siedzenie
horizontal portion of a chair
miejsce siedzące siedzenie miejsca siedzące siedzenia siedziska siedzisko
place in which to sit

seat belt n
pas bezpieczeństwa
restraining belt

seat reservation ticket n
miejscówka
ticket with guaranteed firm seating

seaweed n
wodorost glon
marine plants and algae

sebaceous adj
łojowy
of or relating to fat, sebum

sebaceous gland n
gruczoł łojowy
gland of skin secreting sebum

sebum /ˈsibm̩/ n
łój
thick oily substance

secant /ˈsiːkənt/ n
sieczna
in geometry
sekans
in trigonometry

secession /səˈsɛʃən/ n
secesja
The act of seceding

second /ˈsɛk.(ə)nd/ /ˈsɛkənd/ /ˈsɛkɪnd/ adj
drugi sekunda
second (numeral)
that which comes after the first

second /səˈkɒnd/ /ˈsɛk.(ə)nd/ /ˈsɛkənd/ /ˈsɛkɪnd/ n
sekunda
one-sixtieth of a minute; SI unit of time
unit of angular measure
short, indeterminate amount of time

second /ˈsɛk.(ə)nd/ /ˈsɛkənd/ /ˈsɛkɪnd/ n
sekundant
attendant of a duel or boxing match standing in for a contestant

second helping n
dokładka
a second portion of the same thing (usually of food)

second of arc n
sekunda kątowa
angle of an arc

second person n
druga osoba
the form of a verb used when the subject of a sentence is the audience

second-level domain n
domena drugiego poziomu
subordinate domain

second-rate adj
drugorzędny pośledni
of mediocre quality

secondary legislation n
delegacja ustawowa
legislation enacted by power derived from another legislation

secondary school n
szkoła średnia
school

secondhand adj
używany z drugiej ręki
not new; previously owned and used by another

seconds /ˈsɛk.əndz/ /ˈsɛkəndz/ n
dokładka
second serving

secret /ˈsiːkɹət/ /ˈsiːkɹɛt/ /ˈsiːkɹɪt/ adj
tajny sekretny tajemny
being or kept hidden.

secret /ˈsiːkɹət/ /ˈsiːkɹɛt/ /ˈsiːkɹɪt/ n
tajemnica sekret
knowledge that is hidden

secret admirer n
tajny wielbiciel
romantic admirer

secret of Polichinelle n
tajemnica poliszynela
secret known to everyone

secretariat /ˌsɛkɹəˈtɛəɹɪət/ /ˌsɛkɹəˈtɛɹi.ət/ n
sekretariat
the office or department of a government secretary

secretary /ˈsɛk.ɹəˌtə.ɹi/ /ˈsɛkɹəˌtɛɹi/ n
sekretarz sekretarka
person keeping records and handling clerical work

secrete /sɪˈkɹiːt/ v
wydzielać wydzielić
(transitive) produce by secretion

secretion n
wydzielina
secreted substance

secretive adj
tajemniczy skryty
having an inclination to secrecy

secretly /ˈsi.kɹət.li/ adv
potajemnie
in a secret manner

sect /sɛkt/ n
sekta
religious movement

sector /ˈsɛk.təɹ/ n
sektor
fixed-sized unit of sequential data storage
wycinek
part of circle

secular /sɛk.jə.lə(ɹ)/ adj
świecki
not specifically religious

secularization n
sekularyzacja
transformation of values from religious to non-religious

secure /səˈkjʊə(ɹ)/ /səˈkjʊɹ/ adj
bezpieczny
free from attack or danger; protected

securitization /sɪˈkjʊəɹɪtʌɪzeɪʃən/ n
sekurytyzacja
process of securitizing assets

security /səˈkjɔɹ.ɪˌti/ /sɪˈkjʊəɹəti/ n
bezpieczeństwo
condition of not being threatened
papier wartościowy
finance: tradeable financial asset
ochrona
organization or department responsible for providing security

sedentary /ˈsɛd(ə)ntɛɹi/ adj
siedzący
not moving much; sitting around

sedevacantism n
sedewakantyzm
belief that actual pope is not a true and legitimated one

sedge /sɛd͡ʒ/ n
turzyca
any plant of the genus Carex

sedge warbler n
rokitniczka
Acrocephalus schoenobaenus

sediment /ˈsɛd.ɪ.mənt/ n
osad
collection of small particles

sedimentary rock n
skały osadowe
one of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth

sedimentology n
sedymentologia
study of natural sediments

sedition /sɛˈdɪ.ʃən/ n
bunt rokosz
insurrection or rebellion

seduce /sɪˈd(j)uːs/ /sɪˈdjuːs/ v
uwodzić uwieść
to entice or induce someone to engage in a sexual relationship
to win over or attract someone

seducer n
uwodziciel
someone who seduces, especially a man who seduces a woman

seduction /sɪˈdʌk.ʃn̩/ n
uwodzenie
act of seducing

seductress n
uwodzicielka
woman who seduces

see /siː/ n
diecezja biskupstwo
diocese

see /siː/ v
widzieć dostrzegać
perceive with the eyes
widzieć rozumieć
understand

see Naples and die proverb
zobaczyć Neapol i umrzeć
since nothing compares to the beauty of Naples, you can die after you've seen it

see off v
odprowadzać odprowadzić
to accompany someone to a point of departure

see through v
przejrzeć
avoid being deceived
to recognize someone's true motives

see you phraseologicalUnit
do zobaczenia cześć na razie nara pa pa pa
see you later

see you later phraseologicalUnit
cześć do zobaczenia na razie nara pa pa pa
goodbye

see you soon interjection
do zobaczenia na razie
goodbye

see you tomorrow phraseologicalUnit
do jutra
see you tomorrow

seed /siːd/ n
nasienie nasionko
fertilized grain
nasienie
semen

seed /siːd/ v
siać
to plant or sow seeds

seedling /ˈsiːdlɪŋ/ n
sadzonka
young plant grown from seed

seek /siːk/ v
szukać poszukiwać
to try to find

seek and ye shall find proverb
kto szuka, ten znajdzie szukajcie, a znajdziecie
one finds what one looks for

seem /siːm/ v
wydawać się zdawać wyglądać
to appear

seer /siːɹ/ n
jasnowidz
someone who foretells the future

seesaw n
huśtawka
structure moving up and down, balanced in the middle

segment /sɛɡˈmɛnt/ /ˈsɛɡ.mənt/ /ˈsɛɡmɛnt/ n
człon segment
part, portion

sei whale n
sejwal
whale of the rorqual family

seine /seɪn/ n
niewód
fishing net

seismic /ˈsaɪzmɪk/ adj
sejsmiczny
related to, or caused by an earthquake or other vibration of the Earth

seismogram n
sejsmogram
output from an accelerograph or seismograph

seismograph /ˈsaɪz.mə.ɡɹæf/ n
sejsmograf
instrument that detects and records earthquakes

seismologist n
sejsmolog
person who practices seismology

seismology /saɪzˈmɑlədʒi/ n
sejsmologia
the study of the vibration of the Earth's interior

seize /siːz/ v
chwytać łapać chwycić złapać
grab

seize the day v
chwytaj dzień
enjoy the present

seldom /ˈsɛldəm/ adv
rzadko
infrequently, rarely

select /sɪˈlɛkt/ v
wybierać wybrać
to choose one or more elements from a set

selection /səˈlɛkʃən/ n
selekcja
process or act of selecting

selenium /sɪˈliː.ni.əm/ n
selen
chemical element

selenology /sɛliːˈnɒləd͡ʒɪ/ n
selenologia
the study of the moon and several satellites

self- prefix
samo-
of, by, in or with oneself or itself

self-actualization n
samorealizacja
psychological development

self-assertive adj
apodyktyczny
determined to advance one's own personality or views

self-censorship n
autocenzura
act of censoring one's own work

self-cleaning adj
samoczyszczący
that cleans itself

self-conceit n
zarozumiałość
vanity

self-confidence n
pewność siebie
state of being self-confident

self-confident adj
pewny siebie
confident in one's abilities

self-consciousness n
nieśmiałość zakłopotanie
awareness of the self as an entity

self-control n
samokontrola
ability to control one's desires and impulses

self-defense n
samoobrona
means of defending oneself from attack

self-destruction n
autodestrukcja
voluntary destruction of something by itself

self-esteem /ˌsɛlf.ə.ˈstiːm/ n
samoocena
confidence in one's own worth

self-evident adj
zrozumiały sam przez się
obviously true

self-government n
samorząd
self-government

self-harm n
samookaleczanie samookaleczenie
deliberate injuring of one's body

self-image n
obraz samego siebie
way a person views themself

self-immolation n
samospalenie
setting oneself on fire

self-knowledge n
samowiedza
knowledge or insight into one's own nature and abilities

self-made adj
zawdzięczający wszystko samemu sobie
having achieved success by one's own efforts

self-portrait n
autoportret
portrait of the painter who painted it

self-possession n
opanowanie spokój
calmness and composure

self-propelled adj
samobieżny
having its own means of propulsion

self-reliance n
niezależność samodzielność
independence

self-reliant adj
niezależny
reliant upon oneself

self-sacrifice n
samopoświęcenie
giving up of one's own benefit

self-serve adj
samoobsługowy

self-service n
samoobsługa
the practice of serving oneself

self-sufficiency n
samowystarczalność
condition of being self-sufficient

self-sufficient adj
samowystarczalny
able to provide for oneself independently of others

selfheal n
głowienka
plant of genus Prunella

selfie /ˈsɛlfi/ n
samojebka selfie
photographic self-portrait

selfish /ˈsɛlfɪʃ/ adj
samolubny egoistyczny
holding one's self-interest as the standard for decision making
samolubny
regard for oneself above others' well-being

selfishness /ˈsɛlfɪʃnəs/ n
egoizm
quality of being selfish

sell /sɛl/ v
sprzedawać sprzedać
to agree to transfer goods or provide services

seller /ˈsɛlə/ /ˈsɛlɚ/ n
sprzedawca sprzedawczyni
someone who sells

selvage n
rąbek
finished edge of a woven fabric parallel with warp

semantic /sɪˈmæntɪk/ adj
semantyczny
of or relating to semantics or the meanings of words

semantic field n
pole semantyczne
group of words relating to same subject

semantics /sɪˈmæntɪks/ n
semantyka
science of the meaning of words

semen /ˈsiːmən/ n
sperma nasienie
male reproductory fluid

semester /sɪˈmɛstə/ /sɪˈmɛstɚ/ n
semestr
half of school year

semi- /sɛmi/ prefix
pół-
half (prefix)

semi-detached n
bliźniak
house

semi-precious adj
półszlachetny
sort of or somewhat precious or valuable

semicircle n
półkole
half of a circle

semicircular adj
półkolisty
in the shape of a semicircle

semicolon /ˈsɛmikoʊlən/ /ˌsɛmiˈkəʊlən/ n
średnik
punctuation mark ';'

semiconducting adj
półprzewodnikowy
having the characteristics of a semiconductor

semiconductor n
półprzewodnik
substance with electrical properties between conductor and insulator

semifinal n
półfinał
competition

semifinalist n
półfinalista półfinalistka
person who competes in the semifinals

seminar n
seminarium
class held for advanced studies

seminarist n
seminarzysta seminarzystka
student at a seminary

seminary n
seminarium
theological school

semiotician n
semiotyk
linguist specialized in semiotics

semiotics /sɛmiˈɒtɪks/ n
semiotyka
study of signs

semipalmated sandpiper n
biegus tundrowy
Calidris pusilla

semiquaver n
szesnastka
music

semivowel n
spółgłoska półotwarta
sound in speech

semolina /ˌsɛməˈliːnə/ n
semolina
hard grains of flour left after milling

senate /ˈsɛnɪt/ n
senat
the upper house in some bicameral legislative systems

senator /ˈsɛn.ə.tə/ /ˈsɛn.ə.tɚ/ n
senator senatorka
member in the house or chamber of a legislature called a senate

send /sɛnd/ v
wysyłać słać wysłać
make something go somewhere

sender /ˈsɛndɚ/ n
nadawca adresant
someone who sends

senescence /sɨnˈɛsəns/ n
starzenie się
biology: the state or process of aging

senescent adj
starczy
characteristic of old age
starzejący się
growing old

senile /ˈsinaɪl/ /ˈsiːnaɪl/ adj
zniedołężniały starczy
exhibiting the deterioration in mind
starczy
of, or relating to old age

senility n
starczość
the losing of memory and reason

senior /ˈsinjɚ/ /ˈsiːnjə/ adj
starszy
older

senior /ˈsinjɚ/ /ˈsiːnjə/ n
starszy
someone older than someone else

sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/ n
czucie
physical feeling
sensacja
widespread excitement

sensational adj
sensacyjny
exceptionally great

sense /sɛn(t)s/ /sɛns/ /sɪn(t)s/ n
poczucie zmysł
conscious awareness
zmysł
manner by which living beings perceive the physical world
natural ability
sound judgement
semantics term
kierunek
math: direction of a vector
kierunek obrotu
math: direction of rotation
sens
meaning or reason
pragmatics term

sense /sɛn(t)s/ /sɛns/ /sɪn(t)s/ v
przeczuwać
to instinctively be aware

sense of humour n
poczucie humoru
quality of an individual to find certain things funny

sensible /ˈsen.sə.bl̩/ /ˈsɛn.sɪ.bl̩/ adj
rozsądny sensowny
acting with or showing good judgement

sensibly /ˈsɛnsəbli/ adv
rozsądnie
in a sensible manner; in a way that shows good sense

sensitive /ˈsɛnsɪtɪv/ adj
drażliwy wrażliwy
easily offended
wrażliwy
responsive to stimuli
accurate

sensitivity n
wrażliwość czułość
the quality of being sensitive

sensualism n
sensualizm
doctrine: everything reduces to transformed sensation

sentence /ˈsɛntəns/ [ˈsɛntn̩t͡s] n
wyrok orzeczenie
decision of a jury
zdanie
grammatically complete series of words consisting of a subject and predicate
wyrok
punishment imposed on a person convicted of a crime

sentence /ˈsɛntəns/ [ˈsɛntn̩t͡s] v
skazać
declare a sentence on a convicted person

sentience /ˈsɛnʃəns/ n
świadomość
state or quality of being sentient

sentient /ˈsɛn.ʃ(i.)ənt/ adj
przytomny
conscious or aware

sentimental value n
wartość sentymentalna
value of something from associated personal memories

sepal /ˈsɛp(ə)l/ n
działka kielicha
part of calyx

separable verb n
czasownik rozdzielnie złożony
type of verb

separate /ˈsɛp(ə)ɹət/ /ˈsɛpəɹeɪt/ adj
oddzielny osobny
apart from; not connected to

separate the wheat from the chaff v
oddzielić ziarno od plew
to select only that which is of value

separately adv
oddzielnie osobno
in a separate manner

separation /sɛpəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
separacja
(law) an agreement terminating a relationship
separacja oddzielenie
act of disuniting two or more things

separatism n
separatyzm
separatism

seppuku /sɛˈpuːkuː/ /ˈsɛpu(ˌ)ku/ n
seppuku
ritual suicide by disembowelment

septic tank n
szambo
watertight treatment system for domestic sewage

septillion numeral
kwadrylion
a trillion trillion, 1024

septuagenarian n
siedemdziesięciolatek siedemdziesięciolatka
One who is between the age of 70 and 79

septum /ˈsɛptəm/ n
przegroda
(anatomy) wall separating two cavities

sepulcher /ˈsɛpəɫkɚ/ n
grobowiec
burial chamber

sepulchral /səˈpʌlkɹəl/ adj
grobowy
hollow and deep
suggestive of grave

sequence /ˈsikwəns/ n
ciąg
in mathematics, an ordered list of objects
kolejność
set of things in a set order

sequin /ˈsiː.kwɪn/ n
cekin
sparkling spangle used for decoration of ornate clothing:

sequoia /səˈkwɔɪ.ə/ n
sekwoja
tree

serac /sɛˈɹæk/ n
serak
sharp tower of ice

seraglio /səˈɹæljoʊ/ n
seraj

seraph /ˈsɛɹəf/ n
serafin
highest order of angels

seraphic /səˈɹæf.ɪk/ adj
seraficki seraficzny
relating to the seraphim

seraphim n
serafini
plural of seraph

serenade /ˌsɛɹəˈneɪd/ n
serenada
love song
instrumental composition

serene /səˈɹin/ /səˈɹiːn/ adj
pogodny
fair and unclouded
najjaśniejszy
part of royal title
spokojny niewzruszony opanowany
peaceful, calm

serenity n
spokój
state

serf /sɜːf/ /sɝf/ n
kmieć chłop pańszczyźniany
semifree peasant

serfdom n
pańszczyzna
state of being a serf
feudal system

sergeant /ˈsɑɹ.dʒənt/ /ˈsɑː.dʒənt/ n
sierżant
non-commissioned officer rank

serial /ˈsɪəɹiːəɫ/ adj
seryjny
Having to do with or arranged in a series

serial killer n
seryjny morderca
person who commits multiple murders

sericulture /ˈsɛɹɪˌkʌltʃə/ /ˈsɛɹɪˌkʌltʃɚ/ n
jedwabnictwo
rearing of silkworms for the production of silk

series /ˈsɪə.ɹiːz/ /ˈsɪɹiz/ n
seria cykl
a number of things that follow on one after the other
szereg seria
in analysis: sum of the terms of a sequence
serial szereg
television or radio program

serif n
szeryf
short line in a font

serin n
kulczyk
bird

serine n
seryna
nonessential amino acid; CH₂OH.CH(NH₂)COOH

serious /ˈsɪəɹi.əs/ adj
poważny
important; weighty; not trifling; leaving no room for play
without humor or expression of happiness

seriously /ˈsɪəɹi.əsli/ /ˈsɪɹi.əsli/ adv
poważnie
in a serious or literal manner

seriousness n
powaga
state of being serious

sermon /ˈsɜː.mən/ /ˈsɝ.mən/ n
kazanie
religious discourse
speech of reproval

serotonin /ˌsɛɹəˈtoʊnɪn/ /ˌsɛɹəˈtʰəʊnɪn/ n
serotonina
the compound 5-hydroxytryptamine

serpent /ˈsɜːpənt/ /ˈsɝpənt/ n
wąż
snake

serum /ˈsɪəɹəm/ /ˈsɪɹ.əm/ n
serum
skincare product
surowica
yellowish fluid obtained from blood

servant /ˈsɜːvənt/ /ˈsɝvənt/ n
sługa służąca służący
one who is hired to perform regular household or other duties, and receives compensation

serve /sɜːv/ /sɝv/ v
służyć
to work for
to be a servant

serve someone right v
dobrze Ci tak! masz na co zasłużyłaś! masz na co zasłużyłeś! sam jesteś sobie winien! sama jesteś sobie winna!
serves you right!

server /ˈsɜːvə/ /ˈsɝvɚ/ n
serwer
computing: a program which provides services to other programs or users
computing: a computer dedicated to running server programs
kelner kelnerka
one who serves

service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ /ˈsɝvɪs/ n
usługa służba
computing: function provided by one program or machine for another
służba usługa usługiwanie serwis
practice of providing services as economic activity
służba
the military
state of being subordinate or employed

service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ /ˈsɝvɪs/ v
serwisować
to perform maintenance
serwować
to serve

service tree n
jarząb domowy
Sorbus domestica

serviceable adj
efektywny sprawny
in condition for use

serviceberry n
świdośliwa
plant

serviceman n
wojskowy
man who serves in the armed forces

servility /sə.ˈvɪ.lɪ.ti/ n
serwilizm
condition of being servile

serving /ˈsɜːvɪŋ/ n
porcja
portion of food

servitude /ˈsɜːvɪtʃuːd/ /ˈsɝvɪtud/ n
służebność
qualified beneficial interest
the state of being a slave

sesame /ˈsɛsəmi/ /ˈsɛzəmi/ n
sezam
plant
seed

sesquiterpene n
seskwiterpeny
terpene formed from three isoprene units

set /sɛt/ adj
zdeterminowany
intent, determined
ułożony
of hair: fixed in a certain style
określony ustalony
prearranged
gotowy
ready, prepared

set /sɛt/ n
odbiornik
device for receiving broadcast radio waves; a radio or television
zestaw
collection of various objects for a particular purpose, such as a set of tools
grupa zespół
group of people, usually meeting socially
set
in tennis
volleyball
komplet
matching collection of similar things, such as a set of tables
dekoracje plan
scenery for a film or play
zbiór
set theory: collection of objects

set /sɛt/ v
zachodzić
of a heavenly body: to disappear below the horizon
nastawić ustawiać
to adjust
składać
to arrange type
nakryć zastawić
to arrange with dishes and cutlery
określać ustalać
to determine
zadawać
to devise and assign work
nakreślić
to introduce
umiejscawiać
to locate, to backdrop
przygotowywać
to prepare (a stage or film set)
kłaść stawiać
to put something down
tężeć wysychać zastygać
to solidify

set fire v
podpalać podpalić
to light using fire

set forth v
wyruszyć
to begin a journey
przedstawić
to present for consideration

set on fire v
podpalić
cause to begin to burn

set phrase n
związek frazeologiczny
idiomatic expression

set point n
piłka setowa setbol
tennis

set square n
ekierka
flat triangular piece of plastic or other material used in technical drawing

set the table v
nakryć do stołu
arrange plates, dishes, etc. in preparation for a meal

set theory n
teoria mnogości
mathematical theory of sets

settee /sɛˈtiː/ n
sofa
long seat

setting /ˈsɛtɪŋ/ n
konfiguracja ustawienie
placement of a control

settle /ˈsɛtəl/ v
osiadać osiąść
to fix one's dwelling

settle down v
uspakajać się uspokajać się uspokoić się
to become quiet
zadamawiać się zadomawiać się zadomowić się
to get comfortable with new circumstances

settlement /ˈset.l.mənt/ n
osiadanie
(architecture): gradual sinking of a building
rozliczenie spłacenie uregulowanie
(finance) delivery and payment
zapisanie
(law) disposition of property
zasiedzenie
(law) settled place of abode
osada osiedle
newly established colony
porozumienie ugoda
state

settlement agreement n
ugoda
agreement

settler /ˈsɛt.lə/ /ˈsɛt.lɚ/ n
osadnik osiedleniec
someone who settles in a new location, especially one who makes a previously uninhabited place his home

setup n
instalator
computing: an installer

sevdalinka n
sevdah sevdalinka
genre of folk music

seven /ˈsɛv.ən/ n
siódemka
a card bearing seven pips
siódemka siedem
the figure seven

seven /ˈsɛv.ən/ numeral
siedem siedmioro
cardinal number 7

seven deadly sins n
siedem grzechów głównych
the cardinal sins

seven hundred /ˈsɛv.ən ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ numeral
siedemset
cardinal number 700

seven seas n
siedem mórz
all of the Earths oceans

seven thousand numeral
siedem tysięcy
7,000

seven-league boots n
siedmiomilowe buty
boots enabling great stride

seventeen /ˈsɛv.ən.tiːn/ /ˌsɛv.ənˈtiːn/ numeral
siedemnaście siedemnaścioro
cardinal number

seventeenth /ˌsɛvənˈtiːnθ/ adj
siedemnasty
ordinal number

seventh /ˈsɛv.ənθ/ adj
siódmy
ordinal form of the number seven

seventh /ˈsɛv.ənθ/ n
septyma
musical interval

seventh heaven n
siódme niebo
state of great joy and satisfaction

seventy /ˈsɛv.ən.di/ /ˈsɛv.ən.ti/ numeral
siedemdziesiąt
cardinal number

seventy-eight numeral
siedemdziesiąt osiem
78

seventy-five numeral
siedemdziesiąt pięć
75

seventy-four numeral
siedemdziesiąt cztery
74

seventy-nine numeral
siedemdziesiąt dziewięć
79

seventy-one numeral
siedemdziesiąt jeden
71

seventy-seven numeral
siedemdziesiąt siedem
77

seventy-six numeral
siedemdziesiąt sześć
76

seventy-three numeral
siedemdziesiąt trzy
73

seventy-two numeral
siedemdziesiąt dwa
72

severable adj
wypowiadalny
capable of being severed

several /ˈsɛv(ə)ɹəl/ determiner
kilka
consisting of a number more than two, but not very many

severe /sɪˈvɪə/ adj
surowy
austere
srogi surowy
strict or harsh
poważny
very bad or intense

sevruga n
siewruga
Acipenser stellatus

sew /sjuː/ /soʊ/ /səʊ/ v
szyć
(transitive) use a needle
(intransitive) use a needle

sewing machine n
maszyna do szycia
device

sex /sɛks/ n
stosunek płciowy seks spółkowanie
act of sexual intercourse
płeć
gender (female or male)

sex /sɛks/ v
seksować
to determine the sex of

sex appeal n
atrakcyjność seksualna seksapil
sexual attractiveness

sex life /ˈsɛksˌlaɪf/ n
życie seksualne
part of a person's life that is directly concerned with sexual activity

sex shop n
sex shop
shop that sells sexual merchandise

sexagenarian adj
sześćdziesięcioletni
in one's seventh decade

sexagenarian n
sześćdziesięciolatek sześćdziesięciolatka
a person who is between the ages of 60 and 69

sexism /ˈsɛksɪzm̩/ n
seksizm
gender discrimination or dislike

sexist /ˈsɛksɪst/ adj
seksistowski
unfairly against one sex in favour of the other

sexist /ˈsɛksɪst/ n
seksista seksistka
a person who discriminates on grounds of sex

sexistly adv
seksistowsko
socialistically

sexology n
seksuologia
study of sex and sexuality

sextillion numeral
tryliard
a trillion billion, 1021

sexton /ˈsɛk.stən/ n
zakrystian
church official

sexual /ˈsɛkʃuəl/ adj
seksualny płciowy
of or relating to having sex
seksualny
of or relating to sexuality
płciowy
of or relating to the sex of an organism

sexual harassment /ˌsɛkʃuəl həˈɹæsmənt/ n
molestowanie seksualne
sexual harassment

sexual intercourse n
stosunek płciowy
sexual interaction

sexual minority n
mniejszość seksualna
those outside mainstream sexual expression

sexual orientation n
orientacja seksualna
sexual orientation

sexual reproduction n
rozmnażanie płciowe
process whereby a new organism created by combining the genetic material of two organisms

sexuality /sɛkʃuˈæləti/ /sɛkʃuˈælɪti/ n
seksualność
that which is characterized or distinguished by sex
concern with or interest in sexual activity
sexual activity
sexual identity
sexual potency
sexual receptivity

sexually transmitted disease n
choroba przenoszona drogą płciową
disease contracted through sexual contact

shabbos goy /ˈʃɑbəs ˈɡɔɪ/ n
goj szabatowy szabes goj szabes-goj
gentile servant

shabrack n
czaprak
saddlecloth of a cavalry horse

shack up v
żyć na kocią łapę
to live together, especially when unmarried

shackle n
kajdany
restraint fit over an appendage

shad /ʃæd/ n
aloza
fishes of the herring family

shadchen n
szadchan
(Jewish) marriage broker, matchmaker

shade /ʃeɪd/ n
cień
darkness where light is blocked
odcień
variety of color

shade horsetail n
skrzyp łąkowy
Equisetum pratense

shadow /ˈʃædoʊ/ /ˈʃædəʊ/ n
cień
dark image projected onto a surface

shadow play n
teatr cieni
form of storytelling using opaque figures in front of an illuminated backdrop

shadowy /ˈʃædoʊɨ/ /ˈʃædəʊɨ/ adj
cienisty
of or pertaining to shadow

shaft /ʃæft/ /ʃɑːft/ n
szyb
long passage sunk into the earth
ventilation or heating conduit
vertical passage housing a lift

shag /ʃæɡ/ v
pieprzyć się
to have sexual intercourse with
mieszać
to shake

shaggy /ˈʃæɡi/ adj
kosmaty kudłaty
with long, thick, and uncombed hair, fur, or wool

shah /ʃɑː/ n
szach
king of Persia

shahada n
szahada
Islamic declaration of belief

shake /ˈʃeɪk/ n
gont szyndzioł
building material: thin shingle

shake /ˈʃeɪk/ v
podać sobie dłonie
intransitive: to shake hands
trząść potrząsnąć
transitive: to cause to move
wstrząsnąć
transitive: to disturb emotionally
pozbyć się
transitive: to lose, evade

shako /ˈʃeɪkoʊ/ /ˈʃeɪkəʊ/ n
czako
military dress hat

shale gas n
gaz łupkowy
natural gas

shall /ʃəl/ /ˈʃæl/ v
powinno się
indicating the simple future tense

shallot /ʃəˈlɒt/ /ˈʃælət/ n
szalotka
vegetable in the onion family

shallow /ˈʃaləʊ/ /ˈʃæl.oʊ/ adj
miałki powierzchowny
concerned mainly with superficial matters
płytki
extending not far downward
płytki miałki niegłęboki
having little depth and significantly less deep than wide

shallow /ˈʃaləʊ/ /ˈʃæl.oʊ/ n
mielizna płytki
shallow portion of an otherwise deep body of water

shalom interjection
szalom
transliteration of the Jewish greeting or farewell

shalwar /ˈʃʌlvɑɹ/ n
szarawary
garment

sham /ʃæm/ adj
udawany
intended to deceive

shaman /ˈʃɑːmən/ n
szaman szamanka wołchw
a medium between the concrete and spirit worlds

shamanism n
szamanizm
range of traditional beliefs

shame /ʃeɪm/ n
wstyd hańba sromota
uncomfortable or painful feeling

shame /ʃeɪm/ v
zawstydzać
to cause to feel shame

shame on you interjection
jak ci nie wstyd
expression of disapproval

shameful /ˈʃeɪmfəl/ adj
haniebny
causing or meriting shame or disgrace

shamefully /ˈʃeɪmfəli/ adv
haniebnie
in a shamefull manner

shameless adj
bezwstydny
having no shame

shamelessly adv
bezwstydnie
in a shameless manner

shampoo /ʃamˈpuː/ /ʃæmˈpuː/ n
szampon
product for washing the hair or other fibres

shamrock /ˈʃæm.ɹɑk/ /ˈʃæm.ɹɒk/ n
koniczyna dzięcielina
trefoil leaf of any clover

shank /ʃæŋk/ n
goleń
lower part of the leg

shape /ʃeɪp/ n
forma kształt
appearance or outline
forma kondycja
condition of personal health, especially muscular health
kształt
status or condition

shape-shifter /ˈʃeɪpʃɪftə/ n
zmiennokształtny
a person who can transform

shaper n
strugarka
A machine tool

shard /ʃaːd/ /ʃɑɹd/ /ʃɑːd/ n
odłamek skorupa
piece of glass or pottery

share /ʃɛə/ /ʃɛəɹ/ n
akcja
financial instrument
część
portion of something

share /ʃɛə/ /ʃɛəɹ/ v
udostępniać
to divide and distribute
dzielić się
to give
to tell to another
dzielić
to have in common

share taxi n
taksówka zbiorowa
a vehicle for hire, taking passengers on a fixed or semi-fixed route without timetables

shareholder n
akcjonariusz
one who owns shares of stock

shari'a n
szariat
Islamic religious law

shark /ʃɑɹk/ /ʃɑːk/ n
rekin
fish

sharp /ʃɑɹp/ /ʃɑːp/ adj
ostry
able to cut easily
pointed, able to pierce easily
having an intense, acrid flavour
forming a small angle

sharp tongue n
cięty język
speaking in a harsh manner

sharp-tailed sandpiper n
biegus ostrosterny pilrito-acuminado
Calidris acuminata

sharpen /ˈʃɑɹpɨn/ v
ostrzyć
to make sharp

sharpshooter n
strzelec wyborowy
marksman

shashlik n
szaszłyk
skewered dish

shave /ʃeɪv/ n
golenie
an instance of shaving

shave /ʃeɪv/ v
golić ogolić podgolić
to remove hair from
golić się ogolić się
to remove hair from one's face

shaven /ˈʃeɪvən/ adj
golony ogolony podgolony zgolony
having been shaved

shaver /ˈʃeɪvə/ /ˈʃeɪvɚ/ n
golarka
electric razor

shaving brush n
pędzel do golenia
brush for applying shaving cream

shawarma n
szałarma szawarma
Middle Eastern sandwich-like wrap

shawl /ʃɔːl/ n
szal
a square piece of cloth worn as a covering for the head, neck, and shoulders

shawm /ʃɔːm/ n
szałamaja
wind instrument

shchi n
szczi
a type of Russian soup

she /ʃi/ /ʃiː/ pronoun
ona
person

she-ass n
oślica
female ass, female donkey, jenny

she-bear n
niedźwiedzica
a female bear

she-cat n
kocica
female cat

she-devil n
diablica jędza sekutnica złośnica
bad-tempered woman
diablica
female devil

she-goat n
koza
female goat

she-wolf n
wilczyca wadera
female wolf

sheaf /ʃiːf/ n
snop
bundle of grain or straw
mathematical construct

shear /ʃiɹ/ /ʃɛə/ /ʃɪə(ɹ)/ n
ścinanie
the act of shearing, or something removed by shearing

shear /ʃiɹ/ /ʃɛə/ /ʃɪə(ɹ)/ v
ciąć ścinać
to cut
ścinać
to deform because of shearing forces
strzyc
to remove the fleece from a sheep

shears /ʃɪɹz/ /ˈʃɪəz/ n
nożyce
tool consisting of two blades with bevel edges

shearwater n
burzyk
seabird

sheath /ʃiːð/ /ʃiːθ/ n
puzdro
foreskin of certain animals
pochwa
scabbard

shed /ʃɛd/ n
szopa
temporary structure to shelter something

shed a tear /ˈʃɛdəˈtɪə/ v
uronić łzę
to cry

shed light on v
objaśnić oświecić
to illuminate

sheep /ʃip/ /ʃiːp/ n
owca
animal

sheepback n
baraniec muton
rock formation

sheepdog n
owczarek
dog used for herding sheep

sheepfold /ˈʃiːpfəʊld/ n
owczarnia zagroda
enclosure

sheepishly /ˈʃiː.pɪʃ.li/ adv
z zakłopotaniem
in a sheepish way

sheeple /ˈʃiːpəl/ n
leming
the sheeple, one of the sheeple

sheer /ʃɪɹ/ /ˈʃɪə/ adj
urwisty
straight up and down; vertical; perpendicular
przezroczysty
very thin or transparent

sheet /ʃit/ /ʃiːt/ n
arkusz
sheet of paper

sheet metal n
blacha
Metal worked into a thin, flat sheet

sheik /ʃeɪk/ n
szejk
leader of an Arab village, family or small tribe

shekel /ˈʃekəl/ n
sykl
ancient unit of weight

shelf /ʃɛlf/ n
półka regał
structure

shell /ʃɛl/ n
łuska
casing of an artillery projectile
powłoka walencyjna
chemistry: set of atomic orbitals that have the same principal quantum number
powłoka
computing: general-purpose environment
skorupa
conjoined scutes that comprise the "shell" of a tortoise or turtle
hard calcareous or chitinous external covering of many invertebrates
łupina
covering of a nut
pancerz
entomology: exoskeleton of certain insects
skorupka
hard covering of an egg
plewa
husks of cacao seeds
strączek strąk
pod

shell out v
bulić
pay money

shellac /ʃəˈlæk/ n
szelak gumilaka
processed secretion of the lac insect

shellfish /ˈʃɛlˌfɪʃ/ n
skorupiak
aquatic food that has a shell

shelter /ˈʃɛltə/ /ˈʃɛltɚ/ n
przytułek schronienie schronisko
a refuge or other protection

shelve /ʃɛlv/ v
odkładać na półkę
to place on a shelf
to set aside, quit, or halt

shemale /ˈʃi.meɪl/ n
shemale
a male-to-female transsexual or transgender person

shepherd /ˈʃɛp.əɹd/ n
pasterz pastuch
a person who tends sheep

shepherd's purse n
tasznik
Capsella bursa-pastoris

shepherdess n
pasterka pastuszka
female shepherd

sheqel /ˈʃɛkəl/ n
szekel
currency unit in Israel

sheriff /ˈʃɛɹɪf/ n
szeryf
all meanings

shh /ʃː/ interjection
ciii sza
requesting silence

shibboleth /ˈʃɪbəlɛθ/ n
szybolet
a word, especially seen as a test, to distinguish someone as belonging to a particular nation, class, profession etc

shield /ʃiːld/ n
osłona tarcza
anything that protects or defends
tarcza szczyt
armor
pole siłowe
sci fi: a field of energy that protects or defends

shield /ʃiːld/ v
ekranować zaekranować
electricity: to protect from the influence of
osłaniać
to protect, to defend

shield volcano n
wulkan tarczowy
volcano

shift /ʃɪft/ n
przesunięcie
act of shifting
zmiana
change of workers

shift /ʃɪft/ v
przesuwać
to move from one place to another

shiitake /ʃiːˈtɑːkeɪ/ /ʃɪˈtɑki/ n
shiitake twardnik japoński twardziak jadalny twardziak japoński
Lentinula edodes, an edible mushroom

shiksa /ˈʃɪksə/ n
siksa sziksa
non-Jewish girl

shilajit n
mumio
tar-like substance used in traditional medicine

shill /ʃɪl/ n
słup
a person paid to endorse a product favourably

shilling /ˈʃɪlɪŋ/ n
szyling
currency
former coin

shin /ʃɪn/ n
goleń
front part of the leg below the knee

shin pad n
nagolennik
clothing

shinbone n
kość piszczelowa
inner bone of the hind limb below the knee

shine /ʃaɪn/ v
świecić
to emit light
lśnić
to reflect light

shingle /ˈʃɪŋ.ɡəl/ n
gont szyndzioł
small, thin piece of building material

shingles /ˈʃɪŋɡəlz/ n
półpasiec
herpes zoster

shiny /ˈʃaɪni/ adj
błyszczący
reflecting light

ship /ʃɪp/ n
statek okręt
large water vessel

ship of the line n
okręt liniowy
large square-rigged warship

shipbuilding n
okrętownictwo
construction of ships

shipment /ˈʃɪpmənt/ n
przesyłka transport
load of goods

shipyard n
stocznia
place to build and repair ships

shire /ʃaɪə(ɹ)/ /ʃaɪəɹ/ n
hrabstwo
former administrative area of Britain; a county
rural or outer suburban local government area of Australia

shirt /ʃɜːt/ /ʃɝt/ n
koszula
article of clothing

shit /ʃʰɪt/ adj
gówniany gówno
of poor quality

shit /ʃʰɪt/ interjection
kurwa!
expression of worry, failure

shit /ʃʰɪt/ n
gówno łajno
gówno
nonsense, bullshit
not anything, nothing
nasty, despicable person
gówno kupa
rubbish

shit /ʃʰɪt/ v
srać
vulgar: to excrete (something) through the anus

shit hot adj
zajebisty
brilliant or exceptional

shit oneself v
obsrać się posrać się
vulgar slang: be very scared

shitfaced adj
nabzdryngolony najebany napierdolony
very drunk

shithead /ˈʃɪt.hɛd/ n
gówniarz
stupid or contemptible person

shithouse n
sracz

shitload n
pierdyliard pierdylion w chuj w pizdu
vulgar slang: a large amount

shits /ʃɪts/ n
sraczka
vulgar slang for diarrhea

shitstorm n
chryja gównoburza
Considerable backlash.
burdel meksyk sajgon
violent situation.

shitty /ˈʃɪti/ adj
gówniany chujowy
Of such poor quality as to resemble shit
unpleasant as shit

shive /ʃaɪv/ /ʃɪv/ n
paździerze
wood fragment of the husk of flax or hemp

shiver /ˈʃɪvə/ /ˈʃɪvəɹ/ n
drżenie
the act or result of shivering

shiver /ˈʃɪvə/ /ˈʃɪvəɹ/ v
drżeć
to tremble or shake

shock /ʃɑk/ /ʃɒk/ n
porażenie
electric shock
wstrząs
life-threatening medical emergency
sudden, heavy impact
szok
something surprising

shock /ʃɑk/ /ʃɒk/ v
szokować zaszokować
to cause to be emotionally shocked

shock absorber n
amortyzator
device to absorb shocks

shock wave n
fala uderzeniowa
A powerful compression wave

shod adj
obuty podkuty
wearing shoes

shoe /ʃu/ /ʃuː/ n
but
protective covering for the foot
something resembling a shoe (e.g. brake shoe)

shoe /ʃu/ /ʃuː/ v
podkuwać podkuć
to put horseshoes on a horse

shoe polish n
pasta do butów pasta wiksa
product used to make shoes shine

shoe tree n
prawidło
device to preserve the shape of a shoe

shoebill /ˈʃu.bɪl/ n
trzewikodziób
wading bird

shoehorn /ˈʃuːˌhɔɹn/ /ˈʃuːˌhɔː(ɹ)n/ n
łyżka do butów
tool used to assist the foot

shoelace /ˈʃuːˌleɪs/ n
sznurowadło sznurówka
for fastening a shoe

shoemaker n
szewc szewczyni
a person who makes shoes

shoeshiner n
czyścibut pucybut
person who shines shoes

shofar /ˈʃəʊfə/ n
szofar
ram’s-horn trumpet

shogun /ˈʃəʊɡʌn/ n
siogun szogun shogun
shogun

shoo /ʃuː/ interjection
sio
go away

shoo /ʃuː/ v
pogonić
to induce someone to leave

shoot /ʃuːt/ interjection
kurcze! kurde!
expressing disdain

shoot /ʃuːt/ n
pęd
emerging stem and embryonic leaves of a new plant
sesja
photography session

shoot /ʃuːt/ v
strzelać wystrzelić
to fire a shot
strzelać
to fire multiple shots
postrzelić
to hit with a shot

shoot down v
zestrzeliwać zestrzelić
to cause to fall by shooting

shoot oneself in the foot v
strzelić sobie w stopę
to act against one's own interest

shooter /ˈʃuːtə(ɹ)/ n
strzelanka
game

shooting /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/ n
strzelanie palba
instance of shooting

shooting star n
spadająca gwiazda
meteor

shop /ʃɑp/ /ʃɒp/ n
sklep skład
establishment that sells goods
warsztat
workshop

shop /ʃɑp/ /ʃɒp/ v
kupować robić zakupy
to visit shops

shop assistant n
sprzedawca sprzedawczyni
shop employee

shop window n
witryna wystawa
large window at the front of a shop

shopaholic n
zakupoholik
common term applied to someone suffering from oniomania
one who shops very frequently

shopaholism n
zakupoholizm
addiction

shopping /ˈʃɑpɪŋ/ /ˈʃɒpɪŋ/ n
sprawunki zakupy
activity of buying
zakupy
things bought

shopping cart n
wózek sklepowy
conveyance used to carry items while shopping

shopping centre n
centrum handlowe
large retail outlet

shore /ʃo(ː)ɹ/ /ʃoə/ /ʃɔɹ/ /ʃɔː/ n
brzeg
land adjoining a large body of water

short /ʃoːt/ /ʃɔɹt/ /ʃɔːt/ [ʃɑɹt] adj
krótki
having a small distance between ends or edges
having little duration
niski krótki
of a person, of comparatively little height

short circuit n
zwarcie spięcie
unintentional connection

short circuit v
spiąć zewrzeć
cause a short circuit

short story n
nowela opowiadanie
work of fiction

short-billed dowitcher n
szlamiec krótkodzioby
Limnodromus griseus

short-eared owl n
błotnica uszatka błotna
owl

short-tailed hawk n
myszołów krótkoogonowy
Buteo brachyurus

short-toed snake eagle n
gadożer
Circaetus gallicus

shortcoming n
niedociągnięcie
deficiency

shortcut /ˈʃɔːtkʌt/ n
skrót
path
symlink

shorten /ˈʃɔɹtən/ /ˈʃɔːtən/ v
skracać skrócić
to make shorter

shorthaired adj
krótkowłosy
having short hair

shortly /ʃɔːɹtli/ adv
wkrótce
in a short or brief time or manner

shortness of breath n
duszność
dyspnea

shorts /ʃɔː(ɹ)ts/ n
szorty
pants worn primarily in the summer that do not go lower than the knees

shorty /ˈʃɔɹti/ /ˈʃɔːti/ n
knypek kurdupel
a short person

shot /ʃɑt/ /ʃɒt/ n
kula
heavy iron ball used for the shot put
strzał
launching of a ball or similar object toward a goal
result of launching a projectile
kręcenie
photography: single unbroken sequence of photographic exposures
śrut
small metal balls used as ammunition

shot put n
pchnięcie kulą
athletics event

shot-putter n
kulomiot kulomiotka
athlete

shotgun /ˈʃɑtɡʌn/ /ˈʃɒtɡʌn/ n
strzelba
gun

should /ʃəd/ /ʃʊd/ v
powinno
expressing likelihood
powinien powinna powinno
expressing obligation

shoulder /ˈʃoʊldɚ/ /ˈʃəʊldə/ n
bark ramię
joint between arm and torso
pobocze
part of a road where drivers may stop in an emergency

shoulder blade n
łopatka
bone

shout /ʃaʊt/ /ʃʌʊt/ n
krzyk
a loud burst of voice

shout /ʃaʊt/ /ʃʌʊt/ v
krzyczeć
to utter a sudden and loud outcry
to treat with shouts or clamor
to utter with a shout

shove it up your ass v
chuj ci w dupę wsadź to sobie w dupę
exclamation of contempt (vulgar)

shovel /ˈʃʌvəl/ n
łopata
tool for moving portions of material

show /ʃoʊ/ /ʃəʊ/ n
pokaz wystawa
entertainment

show /ʃoʊ/ /ʃəʊ/ v
pokazywać pokazać
to display
pokazywać
to indicate (a fact) to be true

show business n
przemysł rozrywkowy szołbiznes
entertainment industry

show off v
paradować popisywać się produkować się
to exhibit, to demonstrate something for the purpose of bragging

showbusiness /ˈʃoʊˌbɪznɪs/ n
przemysł rozrywkowy szołbiznes
entertainment industry

showcase /ˈʃoʊˌkeɪs/ /ˈʃəʊˌkeɪs/ n
witryna
a setting for displaying something favorably

shower /ˈʃaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈʃaʊ.ɚ/ n
deszcz kapuśniak
brief fall of rain
prysznic
device for bathing
instance of using of this device

showy adj
na pokaz
for show

shrapnel /ˈʃɹæpnəl/ n
szrapnel
fragments and debris thrown out by an exploding device

shred /ʃɹɛd/ n
kawałek
fragment; piece; particle
strzęp
strip

shred /ʃɹɛd/ v
drzeć podrzeć
to cut or tear into narrow pieces or strips

shredder /ʃɹɛdə(ɹ)/ n
niszczarka
machine

shrew /ʃɹuː/ n
ryjówka
mouselike animal
hetera sekutnica zołza
woman

shrewdly adv
chytrze
in a shrewd manner

shriek /ʃɹiːk/ n
krzyk
a sharp, shrill outcry or scream

shriek /ʃɹiːk/ v
krzyczeć krzyknąć
to utter a loud, sharp, shrill sound or cry

shrike /ʃɹaɪk/ n
dzierzba srokosz
Any of various passerine birds of the family Laniidae

shrimp /ʃɹɪmp/ n
krewetka
decapod crustacean

shrine /ʃɹaɪ̯n/ n
miejsce kultu świątynia
a holy place dedicated to a specific figure of respect

shrink /ˈʃɹɪŋk/ v
kurczyć się
intransitive: to contract, to become smaller

shrinking violet /ˈʃɹɪŋkɪŋ ˈvaɪələt/ n
trusia
very shy person

shroud /ʃɹaʊd/ n
całun
dress for the dead
wanta
mast support

shrub /ʃɹʌb/ n
krzak krzew
woody plant

shrug /ʃɹʌɡ/ n
wzruszenie ramionami
gesture

shrug /ʃɹʌɡ/ v
wzruszyć ramionami
to raise the shoulders to express uncertainty, lack of concern, etc.

shtetl /ˈʃtɛt(ə)l/ n
sztetl
a Jewish village or small town

shuffle /ˈʃʌfəl/ v
tasować
to put in a random order
powłóczyć
to walk without picking up one's feet

shun /ʃʌn/ v
stronić unikać
to avoid

shut /ʃʌt/ v
zamykać zamknąć
to close

shut down v
wyłączyć
to turn off or stop

shut up /ʃʌt ˈʌp/ v
zamknąć
close (a building) so that no one can enter
enclose (a person, animal or thing) in a room or other place so that it cannot leave
put (an object) in a secure enclosed place
terminate (a business)
transitive: to stop (a person) from talking or (a person or thing) from making noise
morda w kubeł stul dziób stul pysk zamknij dupę zamknij mordę zamknij ryj
imperative: "Shut up!"
zamknąć się
intransitive: to stop talking or making noise
nie gadaj!
the symbol &"I don't believe it!"

shutter /ˈʃʌtɚ/ n
okiennica
protective panels over windows

shuttle bus n
autobus wahadłowy
transport service

shuttlecock /ˈʃʌtl̩kɑk/ /ˈʃʌtl̩kɒk/ n
lotka
badminton ball

shy /ʃaɪ/ adj
nieśmiały
cautious
nieśmiały bojaźliwy płochliwy strachliwy
easily frightened
nieśmiały wstydliwy
reserved

shyness n
nieśmiałość
quality of being shy

si /si/ n
si
seventh note of a major scale

sibling /ˈsɪblɪŋ/ n
rodzeństwo
person who shares same parents

sic /sɪk/ v
napuszczać napuścić poszczuć szczuć
incite an attack by

sich /sit͡ʃ/ n
Sicz
administrative and military centre for Cossacks

sick /sɪk/ n
wymiociny
vomit

sick man of Europe pn
chory człowiek Europy
Ottoman Empire

sick pay n
zasiłek chorobowy
money paid to an employee during his or her sick leave

sickle /ˈsɪkl̩/ n
sierp
agricultural implement

sickle /ˈsɪkl̩/ v
żąć
to cut with a sickle

sickly /ˈsɪkli/ adj
chorowity
appearing ill
chorowity schorowany
frequently ill
wątły
weak, faint

sickness /ˈsɪknɪs/ n
choroba
the quality or state of being sick or diseased; illness; disease or malady

side /saɪd/ n
strona bok
bounding straight edge of an object
strona
left or right half
flat surface of an object
one possible aspect of a concept

side by side adv
obok siebie

side cap n
furażerka
military cap

side effect n
efekt uboczny
unintended consequence of any action

side-striped jackal n
szakal pręgowany
side-striped jackal

sideband n
wstęga boczna
band of frequencies on each side of the frequency of a carrier wave

sideboard n
kredens
furniture

sideburns /ˈsaɪd.bɚnz/ /ˈsaɪd.bɜː(ɹ)nz/ n
bokobrody baki
facial hair reaching from the top of the head down the side of the face to the side of the chin

sidelock n
pejsy
sidelock

sidewalk /ˈsaɪdwɔːk/ n
chodnik
paved footpath

siding /ˈsaɪdɪŋ/ n
bocznica
side track

siege /siːdʒ/ n
oblężenie
military blockade of settlement

siege engine n
machina oblężnicza
large weapon of war to batter fortifications

siemens /ˈsiːmənz/ n
siemens simens
derived unit of electrical conductance

sienna /siˈɛnə/ n
sjena
clay
colour
pigment

siesta /siˈɛstə/ n
poobiednia drzemka
an afternoon nap

sieve /sɪv/ n
sito rzeszoto sitko
device to separate larger objects from smaller ones or from liquids
odcedzanie
process that filters out unwanted pieces of input

sieve /sɪv/ v
przesiać cedzić odcedzić przesiewać
to strain, sift or sort using a sieve

sievert /ˈsiːvət/ n
siwert
SI unit of radiation dose

sift /sɪft/ v
odsiać odsiewać przesiać przesiewać
to separate or scatter (things) as if by sieving
przesiać przesiewać
to sieve or strain (something)

sifter /ˈsɪftɚ/ n
sito
tool for sifting

sigh /saɪ/ interjection
ech
expression of fatigue, exhaustion, grief, sorrow, frustration or the like

sigh /saɪ/ n
westchnięcie
act of sighing

sigh /saɪ/ v
westchnąć wzdychać
to inhale a larger quantity of air than usual, and immediately expel it

sight /saɪt/ n
celownik
device used in aiming a firearm
widok
something seen
atrakcja turystyczna
something worth seeing

sight /saɪt/ v
zobaczyć
get sight of
celować
take aim at
dojrzeć zobaczyć
visually register

sighthound n
chart
sighthound

sightsee v
zwiedzać
go sightseeing

sign /saɪn/ n
znak
any of several specialized non-alphabetic symbols
omen
linguistic unit in sign language
math: positive or negative polarity
znak szyld
flat object bearing a message
znak gest
meaningful gesture
znak oznaka sygnał
visible indication

sign /saɪn/ v
podpisywać podpisać
to make (a document) official by writing one's signature

sign language n
język migowy
sign language

sign of the cross n
znak krzyża
gesture

sign over v
przepisać przepisywać
to transfer

signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n
sygnał
device to give indication
sign made to give notice

signal-to-noise ratio n
stosunek sygnału do szumu
figure of merit

signature /ˈsɪɡnətʃə/ /ˈsɪɡnətʃɚ/ n
podpis
person’s autograph name

signboard n
szyld
a board carrying a sign

signed /saɪnd/ adj
ze znakiem
(mathematics, computer science) having both positive and negative varieties

significant /sɪɡˈnɪ.fɪ.kənt/ /sɪɡˈnɪ.fɪ.ɡənt/ adj
znaczny znaczący
having noticeable effect

significant other n
sympatia
romantic partner, regardless of marital status

significantly adv
znacznie znacząco
in a significant manner: notably

signpost n
drogowskaz
post bearing a sign that gives information on directions

sika n
jeleń wschodni sika
deer

silence /ˈsaɪ.ləns/ n
cisza milczenie
lack of any sound

silence /ˈsaɪ.ləns/ v
uciszyć
to make something silent

silence is golden proverb
milczenie jest złotem
proverb

silencer n
tłumik
attachment

silent /ˈsaɪlənt/ adj
milczeć
free from sound or noise; absolutely still; perfectly quiet

silent as the grave adj
milczeć jak grób milczeć jak głaz milczeć jak kamień milczeć jak zaklęty milczeć jak zamurowany siedzieć jak mumia
to say absolutely nothing

silent film n
film niemy
film without sound

silently /ˈsaɪləntli/ adv
cicho
in a silent manner; making no noise

silhouette /ˌsɪ.lʊˈwɛt/ n
sylwetka kontur zarys
representation of the outlines of an object filled in with a black color

silica gel n
silikażel
granular form of silica

silicate /ˈsɪlɪkeɪt/ /ˈsɪlɪkət/ /ˈsɪlɪkɪt/ n
krzemian
salt or mineral

silicon /ˈsɪləkɑn/ /ˈsɪlɪkən/ n
krzem
non-metallic element

silicosis n
krzemica pylica krzemowa silikoza sylikoza
silica dust pneumoconiosis

silk /sɪlk/ n
jedwab
fabric
fiber

silken adj
jedwabisty
having a texture like silk
jedwabny
made of silk

silkworm /ˈsɪlkwɜːm/ n
jedwabnik jedwabnik morwowy
caterpillar

silky /ˈsɪlki/ adj
jedwabny
similar in texture or appearance to silk

sill /sɪl/ n
parapet podokiennik
base of a window
podwalina
horizontal member bearing the upright portion of a frame
sill
layer of igneous rock

silly /ˈsɪli/ adj
głupi
foolish, showing a lack of good sense and wisdom

silly season /ˈsɪli ˈsizən/ n
sezon ogórkowy
period when news media tend to place increased emphasis on reporting bizarre stories

silt /sɪlt/ n
muł ił
fine earth deposited by water

silver /ˈsɪl.və/ /ˈsɪl.vɚ/ adj
srebrny
having a color/colour like silver
made from silver

silver /ˈsɪl.və/ /ˈsɪl.vɚ/ n
srebro
metal
color/colour

silver age n
srebrny wiek
historical period

silver goal n
srebrny gol
first goal scored during the first half of extra time

silver lining n
światełko w tunelu
a good aspect of a mostly bad event

silver screen n
srebrny ekran
cinema screen

silver sulfide n
siarczek srebra
Ag₂S

silver-plate v
posrebrzać
to coat a metal surface with a thin layer of silver

silverfish n
rybik cukrowy
type of bristletail

silversmith n
złotnik
person who makes articles out of silver

silvery-cheeked antshrike n
mrowiec czarnolicy
Sakesphorus cristatus

simian /ˈsɪm.i.ən/ adj
małpi
of or pertaining to apes
resembling an ape

similar /ˈsɪmələ/ /ˈsɪməlɚ/ adj
podobny
having traits or characteristics in common; alike, comparable
of geometric figures, having the same shape

similarity /sɪmɪˈlæɹɪti/ n
podobieństwo
closeness of appearance

simile /ˈsɪməli/ n
porównanie
figure of speech in which one thing is compared to another

simmer /ˈsɪmə/ /ˈsɪmɚ/ v
gotować
(intransitive) to cook or undergo heating slowly
(transitive) to cause to cook or undergo heating slowly

simony /ˈsaɪ.mə.ni/ n
symonia świętokupstwo
act of buying or selling spiritual things

simoom /sɪˈmuːm/ n
samum
hot, dry wind

simple /ˈsɪmpəl/ adj
prostak
simple-minded
prosty łatwy lekki
uncomplicated

simple group n
grupa prosta
group having no normal subgroups other than the trivial group and itself

simple sentence n
zdanie pojedyncze
sentence containing one independent clause and no dependent clause

simpleton /ˈsɪmpəltən/ n
głuptas naiwny prostak
simple-minded naive person lacking common sense

simplification /ˌsɪmpləfəˈkeɪʃən/ n
uproszczenie
act of simplifying

simplify /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/ v
upraszczać uprościć
to make simpler

simply /ˈsɪmpli/ adv
po prostu prosto
in a simple manner

simply connected adj
jednospójny
in topology, having its fundamental group a singleton

simulate /ˈsɪmjʊˌleɪt/ v
symulować
to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior

simultaneous /sɪm.əlˈteɪ̯n.i.əs/ /ˌsaɪ̯m.əlˈteɪ̯n.i.əs/ adj
jednoczesny równoczesny
occurring at the same time

simultaneously /ˌsaɪməlˈteɪnɪəsli/ /ˌsɪməlˈteɪnɪəsli/ adv
jednocześnie równocześnie
occurring at the same time

sin /sɪn/ n
grzech przewina występek
violation of religious law

sin /sɪn/ v
grzeszyć zgrzeszyć
to commit a sin

since /sɪn(t)s/ adv
odtąd
from a specified time in the past

since /sɪn(t)s/ conjunction
ponieważ skoro
because
odkąd od czasu kiedy
from the time that

since /sɪn(t)s/ preposition
od
from (time)

since when adv
od kiedy to? od kiedy?
from what time

sincere /sɪnˈsɪə(ɹ)/ adj
szczery
earnest

sine /saɪn/ n
sinus
trigonometric function

sine qua non /ˌsaɪnɪ kweɪ ˈnɒn/ /ˌsɪni kwɑ ˈnɑn/ n
warunek niezbędny warunek sine qua non
prerequisite

sing /sɪŋ/ v
śpiewać zaśpiewać
to produce harmonious sounds with one’s voice

singer /ˈsɪnd͡ʒə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪŋə/ /ˈsɪŋɚ/ n
śpiewaczka piosenkarka
female person who sings
piosenkarz śpiewak
person who sings

singing /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/ n
śpiew
the act of using the voice to produce musical sounds; vocalizing

single /ˈsɪŋɡəl/ adj
niezamężna nieżonaty
not married nor dating

single /ˈsɪŋɡəl/ n
panna kawaler singiel stanu wolnego
one who is not married

single room n
jedynka pokój jednoosobowy
a hotel room with one single bed

single transferable vote n
pojedynczy głos przechodni
voting system

single-handedly adv
samodzielnie
alone; without assistance; by oneself

singlet /ˈsɪŋɡlɪt/ n
podkoszulek
sleeveless shirt

singular /ˈsɪŋɡjəlɚ/ /ˈsɪŋɡjʊlə/ adj
osobliwy
being out of the ordinary
pojedynczy liczba pojedyncza
grammar: referring to only one thing
nieodwracalna osobliwa
linear algebra: of matrix: having no inverse

singular /ˈsɪŋɡjəlɚ/ /ˈsɪŋɡjʊlə/ n
liczba pojedyncza
grammar: form of a word that refers to only one thing

singularity /ˌsɪŋɡjəˈlæɹətɪ/ n
osobliwość
physics: point of infinite density

sinicization n
sinizacja
process of sinicising

sinister /ˈsɪnɪstə/ /ˈsɪnɪstɚ/ adj
złowrogi
evil
złowieszczy złowrogi
ominous

sink /sɪŋk/ n
zlew zlewozmywak
basin

sink /sɪŋk/ v
zatapiać zatopić
cause (ship, etc) to sink
tonąć
descend into liquid, etc
topić zanurzać
submerge

sinkhole n
lej krasowy
geology: hole formed in soluble rock

sinless adj
bezgrzeszny
without sin

sinner /ˈsɪnɚ/ n
grzesznik grzesznica
person who has sinned

sinologist n
sinolog
a student, or expert in sinology

sinus /ˈsaɪnəs/ n
zatoka
pouch or cavity in any organ or tissue

sinusitis n
zapalenie zatok
inflammation

sinusoidal /saɪnəˈsɔɪdəl/ adj
sinusoidalny
in the form of a sine wave

sir /ˈsə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɜː(ɹ)/ /ˈsɝ/ /ˈsɪɹ/ n
pan panie
address to any male, especially if his name or proper address is unknown
pan
man of a higher rank or position

sire /saɪə(ɹ)/ v
spłodzić
to procreate

siren /ˈsaɪəɹən/ /ˈsaɪɹən/ n
syrena
nymph of Greek mythology
device for making a sound alarm
dangerously seductive woman
mammal

sister /ˈsɪs.tə/ /ˈsɪs.tɚ/ n
siostrzany siostra
attributively: of an entity that has a special relationship with another
siostra
woman or girl having the same parents
a nun; a female member of a religious community
senior nurse

sister-in-law n
bratowa szwagierka
brother's wife
szwagierka
husband's sister
wife's sister
husband's brother's wife
wife's brother's wife

sit /sɪt/ v
siedzieć
of a person, be in a position in which the upper body is upright and the legs are supported
to be a member of a deliberative body

sit down v
siadać usiąść
to assume a sitting position from a standing position

sit-in n
strajk okupacyjny
type of protest

sit-up /ˈsɪt.ʌp/ n
brzuszek
exercise in which the abdominal muscles are contracted

sitar n
sitar
musical instrument

site /saɪt/ n
miejsce
place fitted or chosen for any certain permanent use or occupation

sitting duck n
łatwa zdobycz łatwy cel
an obvious or unconcealed target

situation /sɪtjuːˈeɪʃən/ n
sytuacja położenie
one's status with regard to circumstances
state of affairs
sytuacja pozycja
position vis-à-vis surroundings

situation comedy n
komedia sytuacyjna sitcom
episodic comedy television program

six /sɪks/ n
szóstka sześć
digit

six /sɪks/ numeral
sześć sześcioro
cardinal number

six hundred /ˈsɪks ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ numeral
sześćset
cardinal number 600

six of one, half a dozen of the other proverb
ganc egal wszystko jedno ganc pomada jak go zwał, tak go zwał to jedno i to samo wart Pac pałaca, a pałac Paca
two alternatives are equivalent or indifferent

six pack /ˈsiksˌpæk/ n
kaloryfer sześciopak
sześciopak
set of six beverage cans

six thousand numeral
sześć tysięcy
6000

six-pack n
sześciopak
set of six beverage cans

sixteen /ˈsɪks.tiːn/ /ˌsɪksˈtiːn/ numeral
szesnaście szesnaścioro
cardinal number 16

sixteenth /ˌsɪksˈtiːnθ/ adj
szesnasty
the ordinal form of the number sixteen

sixth /sɪk(s)θ/ adj
szósty
ordinal form of the number six

sixth /sɪk(s)θ/ n
seksta
interval
szósty
person or thing in sixth place

sixth sense n
szósty zmysł
extrasensory perception

sixtieth /ˈsɪksti.əθ/ adj
sześćdziesiąty
the ordinal form of the number sixty

sixty /ˈsɪksti/ /ˈsɪkstɪ/ numeral
sześćdziesiąt kopa
cardinal number

sixty-eight numeral
sześćdziesiąt osiem
cardinal number

sixty-four numeral
sześćdziesiąt cztery
cardinal number

sixty-nine /ˌsɪkstiˈnaɪn/ n
sześćdziesiąt dziewięć
cardinal number

sixty-one numeral
sześćdziesiąt jeden
cardinal number

sixty-seven numeral
sześćdziesiąt siedem
cardinal number

sixty-six numeral
sześćdziesiąt sześć
cardinal number

sixty-three numeral
sześćdziesiąt trzy
cardinal number

sixty-two numeral
sześćdziesiąt dwa
cardinal number

sizable /ˈsaɪzəbəl/ adj
znaczny znaczący
fairly large

size /saɪz/ n
rozmiar wielkość
dimensions or magnitude of a thing
a specific set of dimensions for clothing

sizzle /ˈsɪzəl/ n
skwierczenie
the sound of water hitting a hot surface

sizzle /ˈsɪzəl/ v
skwierczeć
to make the sound of water hitting a hot surface

skald /skɔːld/ n
skald
a Nordic poet of the Viking Age

skate /skeɪt/ n
łyżwa
ice skate or roller skate
runner
płaszczka
fish of family Rajidae

skateboard n
deskorolka
platform on wheels

skater /ˈskeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ n
łyżwiarz
person who skates

skating /ˈskeɪtɪŋ/ n
łyżwiarstwo
action or sport

skating rink n
lodowisko
frozen surface for skating

skedaddle /skɪˈdædəl/ v
zwiać zwiewać
move or run away quickly

skeleton /ˈskɛlətən/ n
szkielet
frame that provides support to a building
szkielet kościec
system that provides support to an organism

skeleton in the cupboard n
szkielet w szafie trup w szafie
shameful secret

skeptic /ˈskɛp.tɪk/ n
sceptyczka sceptyk
someone who habitually doubts beliefs and claims

skepticism /ˈskɛp.tɪˌsɪ.zəm/ n
sceptycyzm
general disposition to doubt

skerry /ˈskɛɹi/ n
szkier szer
small rocky island

sketch /skɛtʃ/ n
skecz
brief musical, dramatic or literary work etc.
szkic
quick freehand drawing

sketchbook n
szkicownik
book or pad with blank pages for sketching

skew /skjuː/ adj
skośny
neither perpendicular nor parallel

skewer /ˈskjuːə/ /ˈskjuːəɹ/ n
szpikulec
pin used to secure food during cooking

ski /skiː/ /ʃiː/ n
narta wodna
one of a pair of long flat runners designed for being pulled by a boat over water
narta
one of a pair of long flat runners designed for gliding over snow

ski /skiː/ /ʃiː/ v
zjeżdżać na nartach jeździć na nartach
to move on skis

ski jump n
skocznia
ramp

ski jumping n
skoki narciarskie
a winter sport

ski lift n
wyciąg narciarski
a device that transports skiers up a mountain

skier n
narciarz narciarka
someone who practices skiing

skill /skɪl/ n
umiejętność
capacity to do something well

skilled /skɪld/ adj
umiejętny
having or showing skill

skim /skɪm/ v
rikoszetować
ricochet

skin /skɪn/ n
kożuch
congealed layer on the surface of a liquid
kompozycja skórka
image used as the background of graphical user interface
skóra
outer protective of the body of a person or animal
skin and fur of an animal used by humans
skin
skinhead (clipping of)

skinhead /ˈskɪnhɛd/ n
skinhead skin skinio łysol łysy
member of skinhead subculture

skink /skɪŋk/ n
scynk
lizard

skinny /ˈskɪni/ adj
chudy
thin

skip /skɪp/ n
kosz na śmieci
An open-topped rubbish bin

skipping rope n
skakanka
rope for play or exercise

skirt /skɜːt/ /skɝt/ n
spódnica
clothing
part of dress
something resembling a skirt
slang for woman

skirting board n
listwa przypodłogowa
panel between floor and interior wall

skit n
skecz
comedy

skua /ˈskjuːə/ n
wydrzyk
predatory seabird of the family Stercorariidae

skull /skʌl/ n
czaszka
bones of the head: cranium and mandible

skullcap /ˈskʌlkæp/ n
jarmułka
cap that covers the area from the forehead to just above the back of the neck
tarczyca
flowering plant

skunk /skʌŋk/ n
skunks
animal

sky /skaɪ/ n
niebo firmament
atmosphere above a point
niebo niebiosa
heaven
niebo
specific view, condition

sky blue adj
błękitny
light blue

sky burial n
pogrzeb powietrzny
funeral practice

skydiver n
spadochroniarz
someone who skydives

skylark /ˈskaɪ.lɑɹk/ /ˈskʌɪ.lɑːk/ n
skowronek polny
small brown passerine bird

skylight /ˈskaɪˌlaɪt/ n
świetlik
opening in the roof

skyscraper /ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪp.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪpɚ/ n
wieżowiec drapacz chmur
tall building

slab /slæb/ n
płyta
paving stone

slag /slæɡ/ n
dziwka puszczalska
a woman (sometimes a man) who has loose morals relating to sex
żużel
the impurities which result and are separated out when melting a metal or refining it from its ore
scoria żużel
the scoria of a volcano

slalom /ˈslɑː.ləm/ n
slalom
sports

slander /ˈslɑːndə/ n
oszczerstwo pomówienie
false or unsupported spoken malicious statement

slander /ˈslɑːndə/ v
szkalować
utter a slanderous statement about

slanderer n
oszczerca
One who slanders

slang /sleɪŋ/ /slæŋ/ n
gwara slang żargon
unconventional language

slanting /ˈslæntɪŋ/ adj
skośny ukośny
not perpendicular

slanting /ˈslæntɪŋ/ n
nachylenie pochylenie pochyłość
quality of being slanted

slap n
policzek klaps klepnięcie
A blow dealt with the open hand

slap in the face n
liść policzek
slap in the face or on the cheek

slapdash /ˈslæpdæʃ/ adj
niedbały niestaranny
done hastily

slapdash /ˈslæpdæʃ/ adv
byle jak
in a hasty or careless manner

slash /slaʃ/ /slæʃ/ n
ukośnik
typography: / symbol

slash and burn n
gospodarka żarowa system ogniowy
technique

slasher n
slasher
horror movie

slaty-backed gull n
mewa ochocka
Larus schistisagus

slaughter /ˈslɑtɚ/ /ˈslɔtɚ/ /ˈslɔːtə/ n
pogrom
a decisive defeat
ubój
killing of animals (also kosher and halal rituals)
rzeź masakra pogrom
killing of many people

slaughter /ˈslɑtɚ/ /ˈslɔtɚ/ /ˈslɔːtə/ v
rżnąć szlachtować zarzynać zarżnąć zaszlachtować
to butcher animals, generally for food (also kosher and halal rituals)
masakrować rżnąć zarzynać zarżnąć zmasakrować
to kill in a particularly brutal manner
masakrować zmasakrować
to massacre people in large numbers

slaughterhouse n
rzeźnia
scene of a massacre

slave /sleɪv/ n
niewolnik niewolnica
person forced to work for another
person forced to perform sexual acts; nonconsensual sex slave
niewolnik niewolnica rab
person owned by another

slaver /ˈslævə/ /ˈslævɚ/ n
handlarz niewolników
a person engaged in the slave trade
statek niewolniczy
slave ship

slaver /ˈslævə/ /ˈslævɚ/ v
ślinić się
to drool saliva

slavery /ˈsleɪvəɹi/ n
niewola niewolnictwo
condition in which one is captivated or subjugated
condition of servitude endured by a slave
niewolnictwo
institution or practice of owning human beings

slavish /ˈsleɪvɪʃ/ adj
niewolniczy
in the manner of a slave

sleaze n
gnida kanalia
a person with low moral standards
niemoralność zepsucie zgnilizna
low moral standards

sleazy /sliː.zi/ adj
obskurny plugawy
Dishonorable; base; vulgar; raunchy
obskurny podejrzany
Marked by low quality; inferior; inadequate

sledge /slɛdʒ/ n
sanie sanki
sleigh or sled

sledgehammer n
młot kowalski młot dwuręczny
kind of hammer

sleep /slip/ /sliːp/ n
sen
state of reduced consciousness
informal: act or instance of sleeping
substance found in the corner of the eyes (gound), sometimes as a figurative objectification of sleep

sleep /slip/ /sliːp/ v
spać
to rest in state of reduced consciousness

sleep in v
wyspać się
to sleep late

sleep like a baby v
spać jak dziecko
to sleep very well

sleep like a log v
spać jak kamień spać jak suseł spać jak zabity
to sleep well, without disturbance

sleep over v
nocować
to sleep over

sleep with v
przespać się
have sex with

sleeper n
śpiący
someone who sleeps

sleepiness n
senność ospałość śpiączka
property of being sleepy

sleeping /ˈsliːpɪŋ/ n
spanie
state or act of being asleep

sleeping bag n
śpiwór
padded or insulated bag

sleeping car n
wagon sypialny
a railroad car with sleeping facilities for passengers travelling overnight.

sleeplessness n
bezsenność
property of being sleepless

sleepwalking n
somnambulizm sennowłóctwo
act of walking while not conscious or aware of it, during sleep

sleepy /ˈsliːpi/ adj
śpiący senny
feeling the need for sleep

sleepyhead n
śpioch
sleepy person

sleet /sliːt/ n
deszcz ze śniegiem
mixture of rain and snow
marznący deszcz
rain which freezes before reaching the ground

sleeve /sliːv/ n
rękaw
part of a garment that covers the arm
koperta
record cover

slender /ˈslɛndə/ /ˈslɛndɚ/ adj
szczupły smukły
thin

slender-billed gull n
mewa cienkodzioba
Chroicocephalus genei

sleuth /sljuːθ/ /sluːθ/ n
ogar
bloodhound

slide /slaɪd/ n
zjeżdżalnia
item of play equipment
osuwisko
rubble, earth and stones moving down
przezrocze przeźrocze slajd
transparent image for projecting

slide /slaɪd/ v
poślizgnąć się
to lose balance
ślizgać się
to pass along smoothly
to cause to move in contact with a surface

slide projector n
rzutnik rzutnik przezroczy
a device that projects an enlarged image of a photographic slide onto a screen

slide rule n
suwak logarytmiczny
analog calculator

slide tackle n
wślizg
soccer tackle

slider /ˈslaɪdɚ/ n
suwak
(software, graphical user interface) a widget allowing the user to select a value or position

slight /slaɪt/ [sl̥l͡ɐɪʔ̚] adj
drobny mały
small in amount, insignificant

slightly /ˈslaɪtli/ adv
trochę
to a small extent or degree

slim /slɪm/ adj
szczupły
slender

slime /slaɪm/ n
śluz
mucilaginous substance or mucus-like substance
muł szlam
mud

slimeball /ˈslaɪmbɔːl/ /ˈslaɪmˌbɔl/ n
oblech obleśniak
person regarded as slimy or otherwise undesirable

sling /ˈslɪŋ/ n
proca temblak
bandage
proca
instrument for throwing

slinger n
procarz
someone who slings or who uses a sling

slingshot /ˈslɪŋʃɒt/ n
proca
Y-shaped stick

slip /slɪp/ n
arkusik fiszka
small piece of paper

slip /slɪp/ v
poślizgnąć się pośliznąć się
to lose one's traction

slip of the tongue n
przejęzyczenie
mistake in speech

slipper n
laczek pantofel
low shoe slipped on and off easily
kapeć
low shoe usually worn indoors

slippery /ˈslɪpəɹi/ adj
śliski
of a surface

slipway n
pochylnia
sloping surface

slivovitz /ˈslɪvəvɪts/ /ˈslɪvəˌvɪts/ n
śliwowica
rakija made from distilled, fermented plum juice

slobber v
ślinić się
To allow saliva or liquid to run from one's mouth

sloe /ˈsloʊ/ /ˈsləʊ/ n
tarnina ciarka cierniówka tarka
fruit of Prunus spinosa

slogan /ˈsloʊ.ɡən/ /ˈsləʊ.ɡ(ə)n/ n
slogan hasło
phrase associated with a product, used in advertising

sloop /sluːp/ n
slup
single-masted sailboat

slop /slɒp/ n
pomyje
scraps which are fed to pigs

slope /sloʊp/ /sləʊp/ n
stok zbocze skarpa
area of ground that tends evenly upward or downward
żółtek
offensive: person of East Asian descent

sloppy adj
niechlujny
messy; not neat, elegant, or careful

sloth /slɑθ/ /slɒθ/ /slɔθ/ /sləʊθ/ n
lenistwo
laziness
leniwiec
mammal

sloth bear n
wargacz
Melursus ursinus

slotting machine n
dłutownica
reciprocating machine tool used to cut mortises and to shape openings

slough /slʌf/ n
wylinka
the skin shed by a snake or other reptile

slow /sloʊ/ /sləʊ/ adj
powolny wolny
not quick in motion

slow down v
zwalniać zwolnić
to reduce speed

slowly /ˈsloʊli/ /ˈsləʊli/ adv
powoli wolno niemrawo nieprędko nieśpiesznie pomalutku
at a slow pace

slowness n
powolność
quality of being slow

slowworm /ˈsləʊwɜː(ɹ)m/ n
padalec
Anguis fragilis

slug /slʌɡ/ n
ślimak
gastropod

sluggard n
leń
lazy or idle person

sluggish /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/ adj
opieszały
habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive

sluice /sluːs/ n
śluza
passage for water

slum /slʌm/ n
slums
dilapidated neighborhood

slump v
upadać
to collapse heavily

slur /slɜː(ɹ)/ n
obelga oszczerstwo
insult or slight

slur /slɜː(ɹ)/ v
bełkotać
to articulate poorly

slurp /slɝp/ v
siorbać
eat or drink noisily

slut /slʌt/ n
suka
a female dog
dziwka kurwa szmata
sexually promiscuous woman
flejtuch
untidy person

sly /slaɪ/ adj
chytry
artfully cunning; secretly mischievous; wily

slyly /ˈslaɪli/ adv
chytrze
in a sly manner

smack /smæk/ n
chlast klaps
sharp blow

smack /smæk/ v
klapnąć plasnąć
to slap someone

small /smoːl/ /smɑl/ /smɔl/ /smɔːl/ adj
mały
not large
mały młody
young

small beer n
małe piwo piwko
small serving of beer
małe piwo
something of little importance

small caps n
kapitaliki
font variant

small hours n
pogańska godzina
very early morning

small intestine n
jelito cienkie
upper part of the intestine

small screen n
mały ekran
broadcast or cable television screen

small talk n
small talk
idle conversation

small-minded adj
małostkowy
selfish; not mindful of the big picture

smaller /ˈsmɑlɚ/ /ˈsmɔlɚ/ /ˈsmɔːlə/ adj
mniejszy
comparative of small

smallness n
małość
state of being small

smallpox /ˈsmɔːlpɑːks/ /ˈsmɔːlpɒks/ n
ospa
disease

smart /smɑɹt/ /smɑːt/ adj
inteligentny sprytny umiejętny zręczny
equipped with intelligent behaviour (digital/computer technology)
bystry sprytny zmyślny
exhibiting intellectual knowledge, such as that found in books
elegancki
good-looking

smart /smɑɹt/ /smɑːt/ v
piec szczypać
to hurt or sting

smartphone /ˈsmɑɹtfoʊn/ /ˈsmɑːtfəʊn/ n
smartfon
electronic handheld device

smear /smiɚ/ /smɪə/ /smɪɚ/ v
mazać pomazać posmarować smarować
to spread (a substance)
to spread (a surface) with a substance

smearer n
pacykarz
unskillful painter

smegma /ˈsmɛɡmə/ n
mastka
sebaceous secretion

smell /smɛl/ n
zapach woń pach
sensation
węch zmysł powonienia
sense of smell

smell /smɛl/ v
wąchać powąchać
sense with nose
pachnieć wonieć
to have a particular smell, whether good or bad; if descriptive, followed by "like" or "of"

smell a rat /ˈsmɛl ə ˈɹæt/ v
czuć pismo nosem
to sense something suspicious

smell-brain n
węchomózgowie
part of brain involved with smelling

smetana /ˈsmɛ.tə.nə/ n
śmietana
type of soured cream

smile /ˈsmaɪl/ n
uśmiech
a happy face expression using mouth, but without producing voice

smile /ˈsmaɪl/ v
uśmiechać uśmiechać się
to have a smile on one's face

smiley /ˈsmaɪli/ n
buźka
representation of a smiling face

smiling /ˈsmaɪlɪŋ/ adj
uśmiechnięty
that smiles or has a smile

smith /smɪθ/ n
kowal
craftsperson who works metal

smithereens /smɪðəˈɹiːnz/ n
kawałeczki
Fragments or splintered pieces; numerous tiny disconnected items

smithsonite n
smithsonit
mineral

smock /smɑk/ /smɒk/ n
bluza
a blouse
kitel
a loose garment worn as protection
undergarment

smock mill n
wiatrak holenderski
windmill with rotating cap

smog /smɑɡ/ /smɒɡ/ n
smog
urban air pollution

smoke /smoʊk/ /sməʊk/ n
fajka
colloquial: cigarette
dym
visible particles and vapour given off by burning material

smoke /smoʊk/ /sməʊk/ v
dymić kopcić
to give off smoke
palić
to inhale and exhale smoke from a burning cigarette
to inhale and exhale tobacco smoke regularly or habitually
wędzić palić
to preserve or prepare by treating with smoke

smoke detector n
wykrywacz dymu
device

smokebox n
dymnica
chamber before chimney

smoked /smoʊkt/ /sməʊkt/ adj
wędzony
of food, preserved by treatment with smoke

smoker /ˈsmoʊkɚ/ n
palacz palaczka
person who smokes tobacco habitually

smokescreen n
zasłona dymna
smoke used as a disguise, mask or cover

smoking /ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/ /ˈsməʊkɪŋ/ n
palenie
smoking of tobacco

smoking jacket n
bonżurka
men's jacket to be worn while smoking

smoking room n
palarnia
room designated for smokers

smolder /ˈsmoʊldɚ/ v
tleć
to burn with no flame and little smoke

smooth /smuːð/ adj
gładki
lacking friction, not rough

smoothie n
smoothie
drink
pochlebca
smooth-talker

smoothly adv
gładko
in a smooth manner

smorgasbord /ˈsmɔɹɡəsˌbɔɹd/ /ˈsmɔːɡəsbɔːd/ n
szwedzki stół bufet szwedzki
Swedish-style buffet comprising a variety of cold sandwiches and other dishes

smother /ˈsmʌðɚ/ v
dusić
in cookery: to cook in a close dish
zdusić
to extinguish or deaden
przydusić
to reduce to a low degree of vigor or activity
udusić
to suffocate

smuggle /ˈsmʌɡəl/ v
przemycać przemycić
to import or export, illicitly or by stealth, without paying lawful customs charges or duties

smuggler /ˈsmʌɡ.lə(ɹ)/ n
kontrabandzista kontrabandzistka przemytniczka przemytnik szmugler szmuglerka
One who smuggles things

smuggling n
przemyt kontrabanda szmugiel
an act of something being smuggled

smurf /smɜːf/ /smɝf/ n
smerf
fictional character

snack /snæk/ n
przekąska
a light meal
an item of food eaten between meals

snag /ˈsnæɡ/ n
odrostek
one of the secondary branches of an antler
tylec
stump or base of a branch

snag /ˈsnæɡ/ v
zadrzeć
to catch or tear

snail /sneɪl/ n
ślimak
any animal of the class Gastropoda having a shell

snake /ˈsneɪk/ n
wąż
legless reptile
żmija
treacherous person

snake /ˈsneɪk/ v
wić się
to move in a winding path

snake charmer n
zaklinacz węży
snake charmer

snake eagle n
gadożer
bird of prey

snakefly n
wielbłądka
insect of order Raphidioptera

snakelet n
wężyk
a baby snake

snap /snæp/ v
pstrykać palcami pstryknąć palcami
to snap one's fingers

snapdragon /ˈsnæpdɹæɡən/ n
lwia paszcza wyżlin
any plant of the genus Antirrhinum

snapshot n
migawka
A glimpse of something

snare n
werbel
music: type of drum
sidło pułapka sidła
trap

snare drum n
werbel
tubular drum

snarky adj
cięty kąśliwy
sarcastic and irreverent

snarl n
węzeł
knot or complication of hair, thread, or the like, difficult to disentangle
warczenie warknięcie
act of snarling

snarl v
zaplątywać się
To entangle
warczeć
To growl
odburkiwać odwarkiwać
To speak crossly

snatch /snætʃ/ n
rwanie
competitive weightlifting event

snath /snæθ/ n
kosisko stylisko
shaft of a scythe

sneaker /ˈsnikɚ/ n
tenisówki trampki
leisure shoes, often worn for sports; trainers

sneer /snɪə̯/ /snɪə̯ɹ/ v
drwić kpić szydzić
to mock with a grimace

sneeze /sniz/ /sniːz/ n
kichnięcie
act of sneezing

sneeze /sniz/ /sniːz/ v
kichać kichnąć
expel air as a reflex

snicker /ˈsnɪk.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈsnɪkɚ/ n
chichot
stifled laugh

snicker /ˈsnɪk.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈsnɪkɚ/ v
chichot
to emit a snicker

sniff /snəf/ /snɪf/ v
niuchać pociągać nosem węszyć
to make a short audible inhalation

sniff out v
wywęszyć
find something using smell

snipe /snaɪp/ n
bekas bekas kszyk kszyk
bird of the family Scolopacidae

sniper /ˈsnaɪ.pɚ/ n
snajper
a person using long-range small arms for precise attacks from a concealed position

snippet /ˈsnɪpɪt/ n
fragment skrawek strzęp
a tiny piece or part

snitch /snɪtʃ/ n
donosiciel kapuś
informer, usually one who betrays his group
kinol nochal
nose
złodziej
thief

snog v
migdalić się uderzać w ślinę
slang: kiss passionately

snooker /ˈsnuːkə(ɹ)/ /ˈsnʊkəɹ/ n
snooker
cue sport

snoop /snuːp/ v
szpiegować węszyć
to secretly spy on or investigate, especially into the private personal life of others

snooze /snuːz/ /snʉːz/ n
drzemka
A period of sleep; a nap

snooze /snuːz/ /snʉːz/ v
zdrzemnąć się

snore /sno(ː)ɹ/ /snoə/ /snɔɹ/ /snɔː/ v
chrapać
breathe during sleep with harsh noises

snoring /ˈsnɔːɹɪŋ/ n
chrapanie
action or sound

snort /snɔɹt/ v
parskać
to exhale roughly through the nose

snot /snɒt/ n
gnojek gnój gołowąs grzdyl gówniak gówniarz
contemptible child
smark smarki
mucus

snout /snaʊt/ /snʌʊt/ n
ryj
long, projecting nose, mouth, and jaw of a beast
nose of a man (in contempt)

snow /snoʊ/ /snəʊ/ n
śnieżnobiały
colour
śnieg
precipitation
TV noise
cocaine

snow /snoʊ/ /snəʊ/ v
padać prószyć sypać
have snow fall from the sky

snow blindness n
ślepota śnieżna
condition of the eyes caused by exposure to UV rays

snow bunting n
śnieguła śnieguła zwyczajna śnieżka
bird

snow drift n
zaspa śnieżna
accumulation of snow

snow globe n
śnieżna kula
decorative object

snow groomer n
ratrak
snow groomer

snow leopard n
irbis pantera śnieżna
a large feline mammal, Uncia uncia

snow plow n
odśnieżarka pług śnieżny
vehicle

snow-covered adj
śnieżny

snow-white adj
śnieżnobiały
as white as snow

snowball /ˈsnoʊbɑl/ /ˈsnoʊbɔl/ /ˈsnəʊbɔːl/ n
kulka śniegowa śnieżka kulka śnieżna
ball of snow

snowball fight n
śnieżki
play fight

snowball's chance in hell n
zobaczyć jak świnia niebo
Little or no likelihood of occurrence or success

snowbird /ˈsnoʊbɝːd/ /ˈsnəʊbɜːd/ n
junko zwyczajny
dark-eyed junco

snowboarding n
snowboard
the sport of sliding downhill on a snowboard

snowcat n
ratrak
vehicle

snowdrift n
zaspa zaspa śnieżna
bank of snow

snowdrop /ˈsnoʊ.dɹɑp/ /ˈsnəʊ.dɹɒp/ n
przebiśnieg śnieżyczka śnieżyczka przebiśnieg
plant

snowfall /ˈsnoʊfɔːl/ n
opad śniegu
instance of falling of snow

snowflake /ˈsnoʊ.fleɪk/ /ˈsnəʊ.fleɪk/ n
śnieżynka
crystal
śnieżyca
flower of the genus Leucojum

snowman /ˈsnoʊ.mæn/ /ˈsnəʊ.mæn/ n
bałwan
figure made of snow

snowshoe /ˈsnoʊʃu/ n
rakieta śnieżna
flat footwear worn to facilitate walking in deep snow

snowstorm /ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ n
zamieć zawieja śnieżyca
bad weather involving blowing winds and snow

snowy owl n
sowa śnieżna
large white owl

snuffbox n
tabakiera
small box

so /soʊ/ /səʊ/ adv
tak
in a particular manner
to a particular extent
very

so /soʊ/ /səʊ/ conjunction
aby
in order that
więc dlatego przeto tak że toteż zatem
with the result that

so /soʊ/ /səʊ/ interjection
tak więc cóż, więc no no i zatem
interjection used to introduce a new topic

so far adv
dotychczas dotąd
until now; previously; yet

so that conjunction
aby żeby
in order to

so to speak adv
jakby w pewnym sensie
in a manner of speaking

so what interjection
i co z tego?
reply of indifference

so-and-so n
taki-owaki
name used to take the place of an epithet

so-called /ˈsoʊˌkɔld/ /ˈsəʊˌkɔːld/ adj
tak zwany tzw.
so named, but wrongly so

so-so adj
tak sobie
neither good nor bad

soak /soʊk/ /səʊk/ v
przesiąknąć
to be saturated with liquid by being immersed in it

soaking wet adj
mokry jak gnój
extremely wet

soap /soʊp/ /səʊp/ n
mydło
substance

soap /soʊp/ /səʊp/ v
mydlić
apply soap in washing

soap bubble n
bańka mydlana
sphere of soap water

soap dish n
mydelniczka
a container for soap

soap opera n
opera mydlana telenowela
television serial

soapbox /ˈsəʊpbɒks/ n
mydelniczka
crate for soap

soapery n
fabryka mydła
factory making soap

soapmaker n
mydlarz
maker of soap

soapwort n
mydlnica
herb

soar /so(ː)ɹ/ /soə/ /sɔɹ/ /sɔː/ n
wznoszenie
upward flight

soar /so(ː)ɹ/ /soə/ /sɔɹ/ /sɔː/ v
poszybować szybować
to fly aloft with little effort
wzbijać się wzbić się
to mount upward on wings
wzlatywać wzlecieć
to rise rapidly or high

sob /sɑb/ /sɒb/ n
szloch szlochanie łkanie
a cry with a short, sudden expulsion of breath

sob /sɑb/ /sɒb/ v
szlochać łkać
weep with convulsive gasps

sober /ˈsəʊ.bə(ɹ)/ adj
trzeźwy
not drunk

sobriquet /ˈsoʊ.bɹɪ.keɪ/ /ˈsəʊ.bɹɪ.keɪ/ n
przydomek przezwisko
familiar name for a person

soccer /ˈsɑk.ɚ/ /ˈsɒk.ə/ n
piłka nożna futbol
game

soccer player n
piłkarka nożna piłkarz nożny
one who plays soccer

sociable adj
towarzyski
tending to socialize or be social; friendly; inviting; congenial

sociable lapwing n
czajka towarzyska
Vanellus gregarius

social /ˈsoʊ.ʃəl/ /ˈsəʊʃəl/ adj
towarzyski
extroverted or outgoing
społeczny
relating to society

social Darwinism n
darwinizm społeczny
theory

social climber n
karierowicz karierowiczka
one who tries to improve his or her social position

social contract n
umowa społeczna
agreement or contract

social media n
media społecznościowe
interactive forms of media

social worker n
pracownik socjalny
person whose profession is social work

socialism /ˈsoʊʃəlɪzəm/ /ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm/ n
socjalizm
political philosophy of social and economic equality
group of socialist political philosophies
intermediate phase of social development

socialist /ˈsoʊ.ʃə.lɪst/ /ˈsoʊˌʃəlɪst/ /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj
socjalistyczny
of, promoting, practicing, or characteristic of socialism

socialist /ˈsoʊ.ʃə.lɪst/ /ˈsoʊˌʃəlɪst/ /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ n
socjalista socjalistka
one who practices or advocates socialism

socialist realism n
realizm socjalistyczny socrealizm
art style

socialistically adv
socjalistycznie
socialistically

societal /səˈsaɪətl/ adj
społeczny
societal

society /səˈsaɪ.ə.ti/ n
społeczeństwo
group of people sharing culture
stowarzyszenie towarzystwo
group of persons who meet from time to time to engage in a common interest
społeczeństwo naród
people of one’s country or community as a whole

socio-political adj
socjopolityczny
of or pertaining to a combination of social and political factors

sociocultural adj
socio-cultural społeczno-kulturalny
of both society and culture

sociolect /ˈsoʊ.ʃi.əˌlɛkt/ /ˈsəʊ.ʃɪ.ə(ʊ).lɛkt/ n
socjolekt
variant of language used by a social group

sociolinguistics /ˌsoʊsi.oʊlɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ /ˌsəʊsi.əʊlɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ n
socjolingwistyka
the study of social and cultural effects on language

sociological adj
socjologiczny
of or pertaining to sociology

sociologically adv
socjologicznie
sociologically

sociologist n
socjolog socjolożka
scientist studying the field of sociology

sociology /ˌsəʊsiːˈɒlədʒiː/ /ˌsəʊʃiːˈɒlədʒiː/ n
socjologia
study of society, human social interactions, etc.

sociopath /ˈsoʊ.si.əˌpæθ/ /ˈsoʊ.ʃi.əˌpæθ/ n
socjopata socjopatka
person with antisocial personality disorder

sociopathy /ˈsoʊ.si.əˌpæθi/ /ˈsoʊ.ʃi.əˌpæθi/ n
socjopatia
personality disorder

sock /sɑk/ /sɒk/ n
skarpeta skarpetka
covering for the foot

socket /ˈsɑkɪt/ /ˈsɒkɪt/ n
gniazdo
computing interprocess communication channel
oczodół panewka
hollow in a bone
gniazdko gniazdko elektryczne
mechanical opening

sod n
darń
stratum of soil

soda /ˈsoʊdə/ /ˈsəʊdə/ n
woda sodowa
carbonated water
napój gazowany
sweet, carbonated drink

sodalite n
sodalit
mineral

sodium /ˈsoʊdi.əm/ /ˈsəʊdɪəm/ n
sód
reactive metal

sodium benzoate n
benzoesan sodu
the sodium salt of benzoic acid

sodium chloride n
chlorek sodu
chemical term for table salt; NaCl

sodium hydroxide n
wodorotlenek sodu
caustic alkali

sodium sulfate n
siarczan sodu
Na₂SO₄

sodomite n
sodomita
one who practices sodomy

sodomy /ˈsɒdəmi/ n
sodomia
sex held to be unnatural

sofa /ˈsoʊfə/ /ˈsəʊfə/ n
kanapa sofa
upholstered seat

sofa-bed /ˈsoʊfəbɛd/ n
wersalka
sofa that unfolds into a bed

soffit /ˈsɑ.fɪt/ /ˈsɒf.ɪt/ n
podbicie
visible underside of an arch, balcony, beam, cornice, staircase, vault or any other architectural element

soft /sɑft/ /sɒft/ /sɔft/ /sɔːft/ adj
łagodny
gentle
miękki
giving way under pressure
of a cloth
of water
cichy
of a sound

soft drink n
napój gazowany
sweet, non-alcoholic carbonated beverage

soft palate n
podniebienie miękkie
tissue

soft serve n
lody włoskie
frozen dessert

soft sign n
miękki znak
Cyrillic letter Ь/ь

softly /ˈsɑftli/ /ˈsɒftli/ /ˈsɔftli/ adv
cicho
not loudly, inaudible
delikatnie
softly, gently

software [ˈsɒftˌwɛə] [ˈsɔftˌwɛɹ] n
oprogramowanie
encoded computer instructions

soil /sɔɪl/ n
ziemia
country or territory
mineral or organic material serving as a natural medium for the growth of land plants
ziemia gleba
mixture of sand and organic material
gleba grunt
unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the earth

soil /sɔɪl/ v
brudzić
to make dirty

soil oneself v
zesrać się
to defecate on oneself accidentally

sojourn /ˈsoʊdʒɚn/ /ˈsɒdʒɜːn/ n
pobyt
A short stay somewhere

solace /ˈsɑː.lɪs/ /ˈsɒ.lɪs/ n
pociecha
consolation
source of comfort

solanine n
solanina
poisonous glycoalkaloid found in many species of nightshade

solar /ˈsoʊlɚ/ /ˈsəʊlə/ adj
słoneczny
of or pertaining to the sun

solar eclipse n
zaćmienie Słońca
when the Moon passes between the Earth and the sun

solar wind n
wiatr słoneczny
outflow of charged particles from the solar corona into space

solarium /səˈlɛəɹ.i.əm/ n
solarium
establishment where one can rent sunbeds

solastalgia n
solastalgia
form of homesickness

solder /ˈsɑdɚ/ /ˈsɒldə(ɹ)/ n
cyna lut spoiwo lutownicze
any of various alloys that are used to join small pieces of metal together

solder /ˈsɑdɚ/ /ˈsɒldə(ɹ)/ v
lutować
to join with solder

soldering iron n
lutownica
tool

soldier /ˈsoʊld͡ʒɚ/ /ˈsəʊld͡ʒə/ n
żołnierz wojak
member of an army

soldier of fortune n
najemnik
mercenary

sole /soʊl/ /səʊl/ adj
jedyny
only

sole /soʊl/ /səʊl/ n
podeszwa
bottom of the foot
bottom of a shoe or boot
sola
fish

sole /soʊl/ /səʊl/ v
podzelować
put a sole on (a shoe or boot)

solecism /ˈsɑl.ə.sɪ.zəm/ /ˈsɒl.ɪ.sɪ.zəm/ n
solecyzm uchybienie gramatyczne
error in the use of language

solemn /ˈsɑləm/ /ˈsɒləm/ adj
uroczysty
performed with great ceremony

solemnly /ˈsɑləmli/ /ˈsɒləmli/ adv
uroczyście
in a solemn manner

solenoid n
solenoid
solenoid

solfège /sɒlˈfeɪʒ/ n
solfeż
method of sight singing

solicit /səˈlɪsɪt/ v
nagabywać
to disturb or trouble; to harass

solicitor /səˈlɪsɪtə/ /səˈlɪsɪtɚ/ n
radca prawny
lawyer offering legal services to clients apart from acting as court advocate

solid /ˈsɑlɪd/ /ˈsɒlɪd/ adj
sycący
extremely filling
stały
in the solid state
rzetelny
lacking errors or inconsistencies
masywny
large, massive
jednolity
of one color
solidny
strong, unyielding (as of foundations etc)
łączny
typography: written as one word

solid /ˈsɑlɪd/ /ˈsɒlɪd/ n
ciało stałe
chemistry: fundamental state of matter
bryła
geometry: three-dimensional object

solid angle n
kąt bryłowy
three-dimensional analog of an angle

solidarity n
solidarność
psychological or material support
unifying bond between individuals with common goal or enemy

solipsism /ˈsɑlɪpsɪzm/ n
solipsyzm
theory

solitary /ˈsɑlɪtɛɹi/ /ˈsɒlɪtɹi/ adj
samotny samodzielny
living alone or being by oneself
odludny
not much visited or frequented; remote from society
samotny
performed, passed, or endured alone
pojedynczy
single; individual; sole

solitary /ˈsɑlɪtɛɹi/ /ˈsɒlɪtɹi/ n
odludek samotnik
one who lives alone

solitary sandpiper n
brodziec ciemnorzytny
Tringa solitaria

solitude /ˈsɑlɪˌtud/ /ˈsɒlɪˌtjuːd/ n
samotność
state of being alone

solo /ˈsoʊ.loʊ/ /ˈsəʊ.ləʊ/ n
solo solówka
piece of music for one

solonchak n
sołonczak
soil type

solstice /ˈsɑl.stɪs/ /ˈsɒl.stɪs/ n
przesilenie
point where the earth stands at the extreme of its ellipsis around the sun

soluble [ˈsɔɫ.jʊ.bəɫ] adj
rozpuszczalny
able to be dissolved
rozwiązywalny
able to be solved or explained

solution /səˈl(j)uːʃən/ n
rozwiązanie roztwór
answer to a problem (mathematics)
an act, plan or other means, used or proposed, to solve a problem.
roztwór rozwiązanie
liquid mixture

solve /sɑlv/ /sɒlv/ v
rozwiązywać
to find an answer or solution

solvent [ˈsɒlvənt] n
rozpuszczalnik
liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute

solyanka n
solanka
a thick, spicy and sour soup in Russian and Ukrainian cuisine

sombre /ˈsɑmbɚ/ /ˈsɒmbə/ adj
ponury posępny
melancholy; dismal

sombre tit n
sikora żałobna
Poecile lugubris

some /sɐm/ /sʌm/ determiner
niektóre niektórzy
certain proportion of
jakiś
certain, unspecified or unknown
kilka
considerable quantity or number of
unspecified quantity or number of
trochę
unspecified amount of

some /sɐm/ /sʌm/ pronoun
trochę
indefinite amount, part
kilka trochę
indefinite quantity or number

somebody /ˈsʌmbədɪ/ /ˈsʌmbʌdi/ pronoun
ktoś
some unspecified person

somebody's pronoun
czyjś
belonging to somebody (possessive form of somebody)

someday adv
kiedyś któregoś dnia
sometime; at some time in the future

someone /ˈsʌmwʌn/ pronoun
ktoś
some person

someone else pronoun
ktoś inny
some other person

something /ˈsamθɪŋ/ /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/ pronoun
coś
unspecified object
talent that is hard to pin down

something is rotten in the state of Denmark phraseologicalUnit
źle się dzieje w państwie duńskim
Hamlet quotation, used in other contexts to mean "something is not right"

sometime /ˈsʌmˌtaɪm/ adv
kiedyś
at an unstated or indefinite time in the future

sometimes /ˈsʌmtaɪmz/ adv
czasem czasami niekiedy od czasu do czasu
on certain occasions, but not always

somewhat /ˈsʌmwɒt/ /ˈsʌmwʌt/ adv
dość nieco trochę
limited extent

somewhence adv
skądś
from somewhere

somewhere /ˈsʌm.hweːɹ/ /ˈsʌm.wɛɹ/ /ˈsʌm.wɛː/ adv
gdzieś
in some place
dokądś gdzieś
to some place

somewhere else adv
gdzie indziej
in or at some other place
gdzie indziej indziej
to some other place

somewhy adv
jakoś
for some reason

somnambulate /sɑːm.ˈnæm.bju.ˌleɪt/ v
lunatykować
to walk while sleeping

somnambulism n
somnambulizm
sleepwalking

somnambulist [sɒmˈnæmbjʊlɪst] n
lunatyczka lunatyk somnambuliczka somnambulik
a sleepwalker

son /sʌn/ n
syn
a male person in relation to his parents
male descendant
a son through major influence
a son through close relationship
familiar address
syn pasierb
an adopted son

son of a bitch interjection
kurwa
to express anger, contempt etc.

son of a bitch n
sukinsyn
objectionable person

son of a whore n
sukinsyn
objectionable person

son-in-law n
zięć
son-in-law

sonata /səˈnɑːtə/ n
sonata
a musical composition for one or a few instruments

sonata form n
forma sonatowa
a form of classical music

sonatina n
sonatina
piece resembling a sonata but shorter or simpler

song /sɒŋ/ /sɔŋ/ n
piosenka pieśń
music with words
śpiew
the act or art of singing

song sparrow n
szarobrewka śpiewna
Melospiza melodia

song thrush n
drozd śpiewak
song thrush

songbird /ˈsɑŋˌbɝd/ /ˈsɒŋˌbɜːd/ /ˈsɔŋˌbɝd/ n
ptak śpiewający
bird

songstress n
śpiewaczka
a female singer

sonic boom n
grom dźwiękowy
the audible effect of a shock wave in the air

sonless adj
bezsynny

sonnet /ˈsɒnɪt/ n
sonet
verse form consisting of fourteen lines

sonny /ˈsʌni/ n
synek
a familiar form of address for a boy

sonorant /səˈnɔːr(ə)nt/ n
sonorant spółgłoska zwarto-otwarta
speech sound

sonorous /ˈsɑːn.ɚ.əs/ /ˈsɒn.əɹ.əs/ adj
donośny
capable of giving out a deep resonant sound
dźwięczny
full of sound and rich, as in language or verse
górnolotny
wordy or grandiloquent

soon /suːn/ adv
wkrótce niedługo
within a short time

sooner or later adv
prędzej czy później
set phrase; eventually

soot /sʊt/ /sʌt/ n
sadza kopeć
fine black or dull brown particles

soothe /suːð/ v
koić ukoić uspokajać uspokoić
to ease or relieve pain

soothing /ˈsuːðɪŋ/ adj
kojący uspokajający
Giving relief
uspokajający
Tending to soothe

soothingly adv
uspokajająco łagodnie
in a soothing manner

sophism n
sofizm sofizmat
flawed argument superficially correct in its reasoning, usually designed to deceive

sophisticated adj
wymyślny wyrafinowany wyszukany
appealing to the tastes of an intellectual
skomplikowany złożony
complicated, especially of technology
obyty
having obtained worldly experience

sophistication /səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n
finezja wyrafinowanie
complexity
obycie wyrobienie
cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire
zaawansowanie
enlightenment or education

sophistry /ˈsɑ.fɪ.stɹi/ /ˈsɒ.fɪ.stɹi/ n
sofistyka
an argument that seems plausible, but is fallacious or misleading
the art of using deceptive speech or writing

soporific /ˌsɒp.əˈɹɪf.ɪk/ n
środek nasenny
sleep inducing agent

sora n
kureczka karolińska
Porzana carolina

sorcerer /ˈsɔɹ.sɚ.ɚ/ /ˈsɔːsəɹə(ɹ)/ n
czarodziej czarownik
magician/wizard drawing upon natural powers

sorceress n
czarownica czarodziejka zamawiaczka
female wizard

sorcery /ˈsɔɹ.sə.ɹi/ /ˈsɔː.sə.ɹi/ n
czarna magia czarnoksięstwo czary magia
magical power

sorghum /ˈsɔ(ɹ).ɡəm/ n
sorgo
cereal

sororal adj
siostrzany
of or pertaining to a sister

sororal nephew n
siostrzeniec
son of one's sister

sororal niece n
siostrzenica
daughter of one's sister

sororicide n
siostrobójstwo
killing of ones sister
siostrobójca siostrobójczyni
sister killer

sorority n
stowarzyszenie kobiet
group of women or girls associated for a common purpose
korporacja studentek
social organization of female students at a college or university

sorrel /ˈsɒɹəl/ adj
gniady
colour

sorrel /ˈsɒɹəl/ n
szczaw
plant

sorrow /ˈsɑɹoʊ/ /ˈsɒɹəʊ/ /ˈsɔɹoʊ/ n
smutek
unhappiness

sorrowful /ˈsɑɹoʊfəl/ /ˈsɒɹəʊfəl/ /ˈsɔɹoʊfəl/ /ˈsɔɹɐʉfɘl/ adj
smutny
full of sorrow

sorry /ˈsɑɹi/ /ˈsɒɹi/ /ˈsɔɹi/ adj
przykry żałosny
poor, regrettable
przepraszam przykro mi
regretful for an action or grieved

sorry /ˈsɑɹi/ /ˈsɒɹi/ /ˈsɔɹi/ interjection
przepraszam przykro mi
expression of regret or sorrow
przepraszam? słucham?
request to repeat

sorry I'm late phraseologicalUnit
przepraszam za spóźnienie
sorry I'm late

sorry, we don't accept credit cards phraseologicalUnit
przepraszam, nie akceptujemy kart kredytowych
sorry, we don't accept credit cards

sort /sɔɹt/ /sɔːt/ n
sortowanie
act of sorting
rodzaj typ
type

sortie /ˈsɔ.ti/ /ˈsɔɹ.ti/ n
desant wypad

soteriology /səʊtɪəɹɪˈɒlədʒi/ n
soteriologia
the study of salvation

sotto voce /ˌsɑtoʊ ˈvoʊtʃi/ /ˌsɒtəʊ ˈvəʊtʃeɪ/ adv
cicho półgłosem
quietly (of speech)

sou'wester n
zydwestka
waterproof hat

soufflé /suːˈfleɪ/ /ˈsuːfleɪ/ n
suflet
baked dish

soul /soʊl/ /səʊl/ n
życie dusza
life, energy, vigour
soul
soul music
dusza
the spirit or essence of a person that is often believed to live on after the person's death
person, especially as one among many

soul music n
soul
music genre

soulless adj
bezduszny
as if without a soul

soulmate n
bratnia dusza
Someone with whom one has a special connection

sound /saʊnd/ n
dźwięk fonia
sensation perceived by the ear
vibration capable of causing this
cieśnina
long narrow inlet

sound /saʊnd/ v
brzmieć
to produce a sound

sound post n
dusza
wooden rod inside a musical instrument

soundlessly adv
bezdźwięcznie
soundlessly

soundproof adj
dźwiękoszczelny
describing something that does not allow sound through

soup /sup/ /suːp/ n
zupa
dish
unfortunate situation

sour /ˈsaʊ(ə)ɹ/ /ˈsaʊə/ adj
kwaśny
having an acidic, sharp or tangy taste
(of soil) excessively acidic and thus infertile
peevish or bad-tempered
tasting or smelling rancid
zjełczały
made rancid by fermentation, etc.

sour cherry n
wiśnia
fruit
Prunus cerasus

sour cream n
śmietana śmietanka
cream which has been treated with a benign bacterium

source /so(ː)ɹs/ /soəs/ /sɔɹs/ /sɔːs/ n
źródło
(electronics) terminal
informant
person, place or thing
zdrój źródło
spring etc.

source code n
kod źródłowy
human-readable instructions in a programming language

sourdough /ˈsaʊədəʊ/ /ˈsaʊɚdoʊ/ adj
na zakwasie
made from sourdough

sourdough /ˈsaʊədəʊ/ /ˈsaʊɚdoʊ/ n
zakwas ciasto na zakwasie
dough

soutane n
sutanna
a long gown

south /saʊθ/ /sæoθ/ /sʌʊθ/ adj
południowy
of or pertaining to the south

south /saʊθ/ /sæoθ/ /sʌʊθ/ n
południe
compass point

south pole n
biegun południowy
the southernmost point on a celestial body

southeast adj
południowo-wschodni
southeastern

southeast n
południowy wschód
compass point

southern /ˈsʌðəɹn/ adj
południowy
of the south
of or pertaining to a southern region

southern beech n
bukan
Nothofagus

southerner n
południowiec
someone from the south of a region

southernwood n
boże drzewko bylica boże drzewko
Artemisia abrotanum

southpaw /ˈsaʊθˌpɑ/ /ˈsaʊθˌpɔː/ n
leworęczny mańkut
informal: one who is left-handed

southward /ˈsaʊθwəd/ /ˈsʌðəd/ adv
na południe
towards the south

southwest /saʊˈwɛst/ /saʊθˈwɛst/ adj
południowo-zachodni
towards the southwest

southwestern adj
południowo-zachodni

souvenir /ˌsuːvəˈnɪə(ɹ)/ n
pamiątka
item of sentimental value to remember an event or location

sovereign /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹɪn/ /ˈsɒv.ɹɪn/ adj
suwerenny niepodległy niezależny
exercising power of rule

sovereignty /ˈsɒv.ɹən.ti/ n
suwerenność
of a nation: the state of making laws and controlling resources without the coercion of other nations.

soviet /ˈsoʊ.vi.ət/ /ˈsɒ.vi.ət/ /ˈsəʊ.vi.ət/ n
rada
council
form of government

sovkhoz n
sowchoz
soviet state farm

sovnarkhoz n
sownarchoz
a regional economic council of the Soviet Union (historical)

sow /saʊ/ /soʊ/ /səʊ/ n
maciora locha
female pig

sow /saʊ/ v
siać
disperse seeds

sow the wind, reap the whirlwind proverb
kto sieje wiatr, zbiera burzę
every decision has consequences; a person's actions will come back to them

sower n
siewca
one who or that which sows

sowing /ˈsoʊɪŋ/ /ˈsəʊɪŋ/ n
sianie siew
Process by which something is sown

soy milk n
mleko sojowe
beverage made from soybeans

spa /spæ/ /ˈspɑː/ n
uzdrowisko
spa

space /speɪs/ n
kosmos przestrzeń kosmiczna
area beyond atmosphere of planets
miejsce
bounded or specific physical extent
odstęp spacja
gap between written characters, lines etc.
przestrzeń kosmos
mathematics: generalized construct or set
przestrzeń
physical extent in two or three dimensions
geometry: set of points

space alien n
kosmita
an extraterrestrial being

space complexity n
złożoność pamięciowa
amount of space

space shuttle n
prom kosmiczny
vehicle capable of travelling repeatedly btw Earth and outer space

spaceman n
astronauta kosmonauta
astronaut

spaceship n
statek kosmiczny pojazd kosmiczny
vehicle that flies through space

spacetime n
czasoprzestrzeń
four dimensional continuum

spacewoman n
astronautka kosmonautka
a female astronaut

spacious /ˈspeɪʃəs/ adj
przestronny
having much space; roomy
obszerny
large in expanse

spaciousness n
obszerność
the state or quality of being spacious

spade /speɪd/ n
szpadel rydel
a garden tool with a handle and a flat blade for digging
pik wino
one of the black suits in a deck of cards

spades /speɪdz/ n
piki
card game
pik
suit of playing cards

spaghetti /spəˈɡɛti/ [spəˈɡɛɾi] n
spaghetti
pasta
dish containing spaghetti

spall /spɔːl/ n
odłamek
splinter of stone

spall /spɔːl/ v
rozpaść się
to break into fragments

spallation /spɔːleɪʃən/ /spəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n
rozbicie
fragmentation due to stress or impact
kruszenie spalacja
physics: nuclear reaction in which a nucleus fragments into many nucleons

spam /ˈspæm/ [ˈspeəm] n
spam
unsolicited bulk electronic messages

spammer n
spamer
someone who sends spam

span /spæn/ /spæːn/ n
piędź
space from thumb to little finger

span /spæn/ /spæːn/ v
mieć zasięg obejmować rozciągać się
to extend through a time period

spangled kookaburra n
kukabura łuskowana
Dacelo tyro

spaniel /ˈspænjəl/ n
spaniel spanielka
dog

spanner /ˈspæn.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈspæn.ɚ/ n
klucz płaski
hand tool for adjusting nuts and bolts

spanning tree n
drzewo rozpinające
tree which includes all vertices of a graph

spare no effort v
nie szczędzić sił nie szczędzić starań
do everything within one's powers to achieve something

spare the rod and spoil the child proverb
dzieci trzeba trzymać krótko kto dobrze kocha, ten tęgo bije kto się lubi ten się czubi
if one does not discipline a child he or she will never learn respect or humility

spare tyre n
koło zapasowe
extra tyre

spark /spɑɹk/ /spɑːk/ n
iskra
particle of glowing matter
burst of electrical discharge

spark gap n
iskiernik przerwa iskrowa
gap between two terminals

spark plug n
świeca zapłonowa
part of an internal combustion engine

sparkling /ˈspɑɹkl̩ɪŋ/ /ˈspɑːkl̩ɪŋ/ adj
gazowany musujący
of a beverage
lśniący
of an object

sparkling wine n
wino musujące
effervescent wine

sparrow /ˈspæɹoʊ/ /ˈspæɹəʊ/ n
trznadel
bird of the family Emberizidae
wróbel
bird of the family Passeridae

spasm /ˈspæ.z(ə)m/ n
spazm
contraction of a muscle

spasmodic /spæzˈmɑ.dɪk/ /spæzˈmɒd.ɪk/ adj
konwulsyjny
convulsive; consisting of spasms
nieregularny
erratic or unsustained
przerywany
intermittent or fitful; occurring in short bursts
spazmatyczny
of or relating to a spasm

spastic /ˈspastɪk/ /ˈspæstɪk/ adj
spastyczny
of or relating to spastic paralysis
of, relating to, or affected by spasm

spastic /ˈspastɪk/ /ˈspæstɪk/ n
niezdara
clumsy person

spasticity n
spastyczność
state, quality or property

spat /spæt/ n
getry
covering worn over a shoe
sprzeczka
quarrel

spat /spæt/ v
sprzeczać się
to quarrel

spate /speɪt/ n
powódź
a river flood; an overflow or inundation

spatial /ˈspeɪʃəl/ adj
przestrzenny
pertaining to space

spatula /ˈspætjʊlə/ n
szpachelka łopatka
kitchen utensil for turning and lifting

spawn n
ikra skrzek
the numerous eggs of an aquatic organism

spay /speɪ/ v
sterylizować
remove the ovaries

speak /spik/ /spiːk/ v
mówić
to be able to communicate in a language
to deliver a speech
mówić rozmawiać
to communicate with one's voice using words

speak of the devil phraseologicalUnit
o wilku mowa o wilku mowa, a wilk tu
expression used when a person mentioned in the current conversation happens to arrive

speaker /ˈspikɚ/ /ˈspiːkə/ n
głośnik
loudspeaker
mówca
one who makes a speech to an audience
mówca mówczyni mówiący
one who speaks

spear /spɪə̯(ɹ)/ /spɪɹ/ n
włócznia oszczep dzida kopia
long stick with a sharp tip
harpun
sharp tool used by fishermen to retrieve fish

spearhead /ˈspɪə.hɛd/ /ˈspɪɹ.hɛd/ n
szpica
the leading military unit in an attack
grot
the pointed head, or end, of a spear

spearhead /ˈspɪə.hɛd/ /ˈspɪɹ.hɛd/ v
stać na czele zainicjować
to drive or campaign ardently

spearmint /ˈspɪəˌmɪnt/ /ˈspɪɹˌmɪnt/ n
mięta zielona
Mentha spicata

special /ˈspɛ.ʃəl/ adj
specjalny wyjątkowy
distinguished by a unique or unusual quality
wyjątkowy specjalny
of particular interest or value; certain; dear; beloved; favored

special education n
pedagogika specjalna
educational services designed for students with learning difficulties

special relativity n
szczególna teoria względności
physics theory

specialist /ˈspɛʃəlɪst/ n
specjalista specjalistka
expert

specialization /ˌspɛʃəlɪˈzeɪʃn̩/ n
specjalizacja uszczegółowienie
act or process of specializing

specialty /ˈspɛʃəlti/ n
specjalność specjalizacja
that in which one specializes

species /ˈspiːʃiːz/ n
gatunek
group of plants or animals having similar appearance
rank in a taxonomic classification

speciesism /ˈspiːʃiːˌzɪzəm/ n
dyskryminacja gatunkowa especismo gatunkizm gatunkowizm szowinizm gatunkowy

specification n
specyfikacja
explicit set of requirements

specimen /ˈspɛsɪmɪn/ n
okaz przykład
example
próbka
sample

specimen signature n
wzór podpisu
sample signature kept by an organization to verify their other signatures

speckled /ˈspɛkəld/ adj
cętkowany nakrapiany
marked with dots

spectacle /ˈspɛktəkl̩/ n
spektakl widowisko
something exciting or extraordinary

spectacles /ˈspɛktəkl̩z/ n
okulary
a pair of lenses set in a frame

spectator /spɛkˈteɪtə/ /ˈspɛkteɪtɚ/ n
widz
observer

specter /ˈspɛktə/ /ˈspɛktɚ/ n
widmo zjawa
ghostly apparition

spectroscope n
spektroskop
optical instrument used for spectrographic analysis

spectroscopic adj
spektroskopowy
of or relating to spectroscopy or to a spectroscope

spectroscopically adv
spektroskopowo
by means of a spectroscope

spectroscopy n
spektroskopia
scientific study of spectra

spectrum /ˈspektɹəm/ /ˈspɛkt(ʃ)ɹəm/ n
spektrum widmo
range
widmo
range of colors
chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation
linear algebra: set of scalar values

speculator n
spekulant
one who speculates; as in investing

speech /ˈspiːtʃ/ n
przemówienie mowa wystąpienie
an oration, session of speaking
mowa
vocal communication

speech community n
społeczność językowa społeczność komunikacyjna społeczność mowna wspólnota językowa wspólnota komunikacyjna wspólnota mowna
group of people sharing a language or way of speaking

speech is silver, silence is golden proverb
mowa jest srebrem, a milczenie złotem
proverb

speechless /ˈspiːtʃ.lɪs/ adj
oniemiały milczący
not speaking; not knowing what to say

speed /spiːd/ n
szybkość
rapidity
prędkość szybkość
rate of motion
spid
slang: amphetamine

speed bump n
próg zwalniający
transverse ridge in the road

speed camera n
fotoradar
camera to detect speeding vehicles

speed limit n
ograniczenie prędkości
maximum speed permitted

speed of light n
prędkość światła
the speed of electromagnetic radiation in a perfect vacuum

speed of sound n
prędkość dźwięku
speed at which sound is propagated

speed skating n
łyżwiarstwo szybkie
The sport of racing around an oval course on ice skates

speeding /ˈspiːdɪŋ/ adj
pędzący
moving at speed

speeding /ˈspiːdɪŋ/ n
przekroczenie prędkości
driving faster than the legal speed limit

speedway /ˈspiːdweɪ/ n
żużel
motorcycle racing

speedwell /ˈspiːdˌwɛl/ n
przetacznik
plant

speleology n
speleologia
scientific study of caves

spell /spɛl/ n
czar urok
magical effect of such incantation
czar zaklęcie
magical incantation

spell /spɛl/ v
literować przeliterować
to write or say the letters that form a word

spellbound adj
oczarowany zafascynowany
fascinated by something; entranced as if by a spell

spelling /ˈspɛlɪŋ/ n
pisownia
a specific spelling of a word
manner of spelling of words; correct spelling
ortografia
the practice, ability, or subject of forming words with letters, or of reading the letters of words; orthography

spelt /ˈspɛlt/ n
pszenica orkisz szpelc
a type of wheat, Triticum aestivum spelta

spelunker n
grotołaz
one who explores caves

spend /spɛnd/ v
spędzać tracić
spędzać spędzić
to consume, to use up (time)
wydawać wydać
to pay out

spendthrift /ˈspɛn(d)ˌθɹɪft/ /ˈspɛn(d)θɹɪft/ n
rozrzutnik
someone who spends money improvidently or wastefully

sperm /spɜːm/ /spɜːɹm/ n
plemnik
cell
sperma nasienie
semen (fluid)

sperm whale n
kaszalot
sperm whale

spermatozoon /ˌspɜːmətə(ʊ)ˈzəʊɒn/ n
plemnik spermatozoid
reproductive cell of the male

spessartine n
spessartyn
a type of garnet

spew /spjuː/ v
rzygać wymiotować zwymiotować
to vomit

sphere /sfɪə/ /sfɪɹ/ n
sfera
mathematics: regular three-dimensional object
spherical physical object
sfera obszar
region in which something or someone is active

spherical /sfɛɹɪkəl/ adj
sferyczny
of or relating to a sphere or spheres
kulisty sferyczny
shaped like a sphere

spherically adv
sferycznie
in the manner of a sphere

spherosome n
sferosom
plant organelle

sphincter /ˈsfɪŋktə/ n
zwieracz
band of muscle

sphinx /sfɪŋks/ n
sfinks
mythology: creature with the head of a person and the body of an animal
person who keeps his/her thoughts and intentions secret

spice /spaɪs/ n
przyprawa
plant matter used to season or flavour food

spice /spaɪs/ v
przyprawiać przyprawić
to add spice or spices to

spicy adj
ostry pikantny
tangy or pungent

spider /ˈspaɪ̯də/ /ˈspaɪ̯dɚ/ [ˈspʌɪ̯də(ɹ)] n
pająk
arthropod

spiderweb n
pajęczyna
net-like construct of a spider

spiderwort n
trzykrotka
plant

spike /spaɪk/ n
kolec
anything resembling like a nail in shape
very large nail
kłos
ear of grain
korki
informal: running shoes with spikes in the soles

spill /spɪl/ v
rozlać się wylać
transitive: to drop something so that it spreads out

spillage /ˈspɪl.ɪdʒ / n
wyciek
spillage

spillikins n
bierki
a game of skill

spin /spɪn/ n
obrót
circular motion
korkociąg
flight condition
spin
physics: quantum angular momentum

spin /spɪn/ v
prząść
to make yarn
obracać się wirować
to turn around quickly

spinach /ˈspɪnɪt͡ʃ/ n
szpinak
a particular edible plant, Spinacia oleracea

spinal cord n
rdzeń kręgowy
thick, whitish cord of nerve tissue

spindle /ˈspɪndəl/ n
wrzeciono
rod in spinning and winding thread
trzmielina
tree of the genus Euonymus

spine /spaɪn/ n
kręgosłup
backbone
grzbiet
bound edge of a book
kolec
rigid, pointed surface protuberance or needle-like structure on an animal, shell, or plant

spinet /ˈspɪn.ɪt/ n
szpinet
short, compact harpsichord

spinning top n
bąk
a toy

spinning wheel n
kołowrotek
device for spinning thread with a wheel and a spindle

spinster /ˈspɪnstə/ /ˈspɪnstɚ/ n
stara panna
unmarried woman

spiny dogfish n
koleń pospolity
Squalus acanthias

spiny lobster n
langusta
crustacean of the family Palinuridae

spiny-tailed lizard n
biczogon
any lizard of the genus Uromastyx

spiral /ˈspaɪɹəl/ n
spirala
geometry
helisa spirala ślimacznica
helix

spire /spaɪə/ /spaɪɹ/ n
iglica
tapering architectural structure

spirit /ˈspiɹɪt/ /ˈspɪɹɪt/ n
spirytus alkohol
alcohol
duch dusza
soul
duch
supernatural being
enthusiasm
manner or style

spirit level n
poziomica libella
spirit level

spiritual /ˈspɪɹɪtʃuəl/ /ˈspɪɹɪtʃʊəl/ adj
duchowy
of or pertaining to the spirit or the soul

spit /spɪt/ n
mierzeja
generally low, narrow, pointed, usually sandy peninsula
rożen
thin rod on which meat is skewered for cooking
splunięcie
instance of spitting
ślina
saliva

spit /spɪt/ v
pluć plunąć splunąć
to evacuate (saliva or another substance) from the mouth, etc.

spiteful adj
złośliwy
filled with spite

spitting image /ˈspɪtɪŋ ˈɪmɪdʒ/ n
sobowtór
the exact likeness of someone

spittoon /spɪˈtuːn/ n
spluwaczka
receptacle for spit

splash /splæʃ/ n
plusk
the sound made by an object hitting a liquid

splash /splæʃ/ v
pluskać
to hit or agitate liquid

splatter /ˈsplætɚ/ n
bryzg trysk
An uneven shape or mess created by something dispersing on impact

spleen /spliːn/ n
splin
mood
śledziona
organ

splendor /ˈsplɛndə/ /ˈsplɛndɚ/ n
splendor
magnificent appearance

splenectomy n
splenektomia
surgical removal of the spleen

splenomegaly n
splenomegalia
enlargement of the spleen

splinter /ˈsplɪntə(ɹ)/ /ˈsplɪntɚ/ /ˈsplɪnɚ/ n
drzazga odłamek
fragment of material
odłam
group

split /splɪt/ n
rozłam
breach, division
szczelina
crack, longitudinal fissure
szpagat
manoeuvre, acrobatic feat
odprysk odłamek rąbek
split-off piece

split /splɪt/ v
dzielić rozszczepiać
divide along a more or less straight line
rozejść się
separate
dzielić rozdzielać
share out

split hairs v
dzielić włos na czworo
to consider fine details

splits n
szpagat
manoeuvre, acrobatic feat

spoil /spɔɪl/ v
psuć zepsuć
ruin

spoiler /ˈspɔɪ.lə/ /ˈspɔɪ.lɚ/ n
przerywacz spojler
aeronautics: device to reduce lift
spoiler
document, review or comment that discloses

spoils of war n
łupy wojenne
profits extracted as the result of winning a war

spoilsport /ˈspɔɪl.spɔɹt/ /ˈspɔɪl.spɔːt/ adj
złośliwiec
someone who puts an end to harmless fun

spoke /spəʊk/ n
szprycha
part of a wheel

spoken /ˈspoʊkən/ adj
mówiony ustny
concerning speech

spokeshave n
ośnik
woodworking tool

spokesman n
rzecznik rzeczniczka
one who speaks as the voice of a group of people

spokeswoman n
rzeczniczka
woman who speaks as the voice of a group of people

spondee /ˈspɒndi/ n
spondej
word of two syllables

sponge /spʌnd͡ʒ/ n
gąbka
marine invertebrate
piece of porous material used for washing

sponge cake n
biszkopt ciasto biszkoptowe
type of soft cake made from flour, sugar, baking powder and eggs, with a spongy structure

spontaneity /ˈspɒn.tə.neɪ.ə.ti/ n
spontaniczność
the quality of being spontaneous

spontaneous /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs/ /spɒnˈteɪ.ni.əs/ adj
spontaniczny
done by one's own free choice, or without planning
spontaniczny samorzutny
self generated; happening without any apparent external cause

spontaneous combustion n
samozapłon
combustion without a source of heat

spontaneously /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs.li/ /spɒnˈteɪ.ni.əs.li/ adv
spontanicznie
in a spontaneous manner

spool /spuːl/ n
szpula szpulka
spindle

spoon /spun/ /spuːn/ n
łyżka łyżeczka
scooped utensil for eating (or serving)

spoon /spun/ /spuːn/ v
łyżeczkować
to lie together

spoonerism /ˈspuːnəɹɪzəm/ n
gra półsłówek
phrase where sounds are transposed

sporadic /spəˈɹædɪk/ /spəˈɹæɾɪk/ adj
sporadyczny sporadycznie
rare and scattered in occurrence

sporadically adv
sporadycznie
In an occasional, infrequent, or irregular manner

spore /spo(ː)ɹ/ /spoə/ /spɔɹ/ /spɔː/ n
zarodnik spora przetrwalnik
reproductive particle

sport /spo(ː)ɹt/ /spoət/ /spɔɹt/ /spɔː/ /spɔːt/ n
sport
any athletic activity that uses physical skills

sport utility vehicle n
samochód terenowy terenówka
vehicle

sporting adj
sportowy
pertaining to sports

sportsman n
sportowiec
male athlete

sportsperson /spɔɹtspɝsən/ /spɔːspɜːsən/ /spɔːtspɜːsən/ n
sportowiec

spot /spɑt/ /spɒt/ n
cętka
a round or irregular patch of a different color
plama
stain

spot-backed antshrike n
perlinek
bird

spot-winged antshrike n
chronka wielkodzioba
Pygiptila stellaris

spotted /ˈspɑtɪ̈d/ /ˈspɒtɨd/ adj
cętkowany pstry
characterized by spots

spotted dragonet n
lira kalion
Callionymus maculatus

spotted redshank n
brodziec śniady
Tringa erythropus

spotted sandpiper n
brodziec plamisty
Actitis macularius

spousal /ˈspaʊzəl/ adj
małżeński
of or relating to marriage

spouse /spaʊs/ n
małżonka małżonek żona mąż
person in a marriage or marital relationship

spout /spaʊt/ /spʌʊt/ n
dzióbek wylew
a tube through which liquid is poured or discharged

spout /spaʊt/ /spʌʊt/ v
lać się
to gush forth in a stream
rozwodzić się
to speak tediously and at length

sprachbund /ˈspɹɑkbʊnd/ /ˈspɹɑːkbʊnd/ n
liga językowa
group of languages sharing areal features primarily due to language contact

sprat /spɹæt/ n
szprot
any of various small marine fish in the genus Sprattus

sprawl /spɹɑl/ /spɹɔl/ /spɹɔːl/ v
rozjebać się rozsiąść się rozwalić się
to sit with limbs spread out

spray /spɹeɪ/ n
mgiełka
fine, gentle, dispersed mist of liquid
spraj spray sprej
pressurized container
kiść
small branch of flowers or berries

spray /spɹeɪ/ v
rozpylać opryskać opryskiwać rozpylić
to project a liquid in a disperse manner

spread /spɹɛd/ v
rozprzestrzeniać się
(intransitive) to take up a larger area, expand
rozprzestrzeniać rozprzestrzeniać się
(transitive) to disseminate, make known or present
rozłożyć
to extend, stretch out (limbs etc)
smarować rozsmarować rozsmarowywać
to smear, distribute in a thin layer
podzielić
to stretch out, expand

spreader /ˈspɹɛdɚ/ n
reja
horizontal spar attached to the mast of a sailboat in order to extend the shrouds

spreadsheet n
arkusz kalkulacyjny
computer simulation

spring /spɹɪŋ/ n
sprężyna
device made of flexible material
wiosna
season between winter and summer in temperate climates
źródło krynica zdrój
water springing from the ground

spring balance n
waga sprężynowa
a device for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a spiral spring

spring cleaning n
wiosenne porządki
systematic cleaning at the end of winter

spring onion n
czosnek dęty
Allium fistulosum

spring roll n
sajgonka
shredded vegetables wrapped in a pancake

springboard n
trampolina
flexible diving board

springtail n
skoczogonek
springtail

springwater n
woda źródlana
water originating from a spring

springy /ˈspɹɪŋi/ adj
elastyczny
capable of returning to its original form

sprinkle /ˈspɹɪŋkəl/ v
prysnąć sypnąć
to cause to fall in fine drops
posypać sprysnąć
to cover an object

sprinkler /ˈspɹiŋklɚ/ n
zraszacz
irrigation device

spruce /spɹuːs/ adj
elegancki
smart and elegant

spruce /spɹuːs/ n
świerk
tree from the genus Picea

spud /spʌd/ n
rydel rydelek
a tool used for digging out weeds
kartofel pyra
potato

spur /spɜː/ /spɝ/ n
ostroga
implement for prodding a horse

spur cell n
akantocyt
spiny cell

spurge /spɜːdʒ/ /spɝdʒ/ n
wilczomlecz
any plant of the genus Euphorbia

spurious /ˈspjʊ.ɹi.əs/ /ˈspjʊə.ɹi.əs/ adj
fałszywy nieautentyczny nieprawdziwy podrobiony
false

spurt v
bryzgać
to gush

sputnik /ˈspʊtnɪk/ n
sputnik
a Soviet robotic space satellite

sputum n
plwocina
matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth

spy /spaɪ/ n
szpieg szpicel
person who secretly watches

spy /spaɪ/ v
szpiegować
to act as a spy
dostrzec
to spot at a distance

spyglass n
luneta
portable telescope

spyware n
oprogramowanie szpiegowskie oprogramowanie szpiegujące
program

squab /ˈskwɑb/ /ˈskwɒb/ n
gołębię
baby pigeon
gawronię
baby rook

squad /ˈskwɑːd/ /ˈskwɒd/ n
drużyna ekipa
sports team
oddział szwadron
unit of tactical military personnel or police officers

squadron /ˈskwɒd.ɹən/ n
eskadra
air force: tactical unit of at least two flights
navy: detachment of vessels
szwadron eskadron
army: body of cavalry

squall /ˈskwɔːl/ n
szkwał
sudden storm, as found in a squall line

squalor /ˈskwɑlɚ/ /ˈskwɒlə(ɹ)/ n
brud plugastwo
squalidness

squander /ˈskwɑn.dɚ/ /ˈskwɒnd.ə/ v
marnować marnotrawić trwonić roztrwonić zmarnotrawić zmarnować
to waste

square /skwɛə(ɹ)/ /skwɛɚ/ adj
kwadratowy kwadrat
shaped like a square

square /skwɛə(ɹ)/ /skwɛɚ/ n
plac skwer majdan
open space in a town
kątownik węgielnica
tool
kwadrat kwadratowy
type of polygon
second power

square /skwɛə(ɹ)/ /skwɛɚ/ v
podnosić do kwadratu podnosić do drugiej potęgi
math: to multiply by itself

square bracket n
nawias kwadratowy
symbol [ or ]

square metre n
metr kwadratowy
standard unit of area

square root n
pierwiastek kwadratowy
number

squared adj
do kwadratu kwadrat
raised to the second power

squash /skwɑʃ/ /skwɒʃ/ /skwɔɹʃ/ /skwɔʃ/ n
squash
the sport
dynia
plant and its fruit of the genus Cucurbita

squat /skwɑt/ /skwɒt/ n
skłot squat
building occupied without permission
kucki przykuc przysiad
position assumed by bending deeply at the knees while resting on one's feet
ubikacja kucana ubikacja narciarska
toilet

squat /skwɑt/ /skwɒt/ v
kucać kucnąć przycupnąć przysiadać
to bend at the knees

squawk /skwɔːk/ n
skrzek
shrill noise

squeak /skwiːk/ v
piszczeć
emit sound

squeal /skwil/ /skwiːl/ v
donosić kapować
to rat on someone

squeamish /ˈskwiːmɪʃ/ adj
wrażliwy
easily bothered or upset; tending to be nauseous or nervous

squeeze /skwiːz/ v
ściskać ścisnąć
to apply pressure to from two or more sides at once

squid /skwɪd/ n
kalmar kałamarnica
sea animal

squill /skwɪl/ n
cebulica
plant of the genus Scilla

squint /skwɪnt/ n
mrużenie zmrużenie
expression in which the eyes are partly closed
zez
look of eyes which are turned in different directions, like in strabismus

squint /skwɪnt/ v
mrużyć oczy
to look with the eyes partly closed, as in bright sunlight

squire /ˈskwaɪə/ /ˈskwaɪəɹ/ n
giermek
armor-bearer who attended a knight

squirm /skwɜːm/ /skwɝm/ v
wywinąć się
to evade a question, an interviewer etc.
wprawić w zakłopotanie
twist in discomfort, especially from shame or embarrassment
wić się
twist one’s body with snakelike motion

squirrel /ˈskwɝl/ /ˈskwɪɹl̩/ /ˈskwɪɹəl/ n
wiewiórka
rodent

squirrel around v
buszować
To move or search erratically

squirrel away v
chomikować
To stash or hide

squirt /skwɜː(ɹ)t/ n
smarkacz
small child

squirting cucumber n
ośli ogórek sprężak tryskacz tryskawiec tryskawiec lekarski tryskawiec sprężysty
Ecballium elaterium

st n
św.
saint
ul.
street

stable /ˈsteɪ.bəɫ/ adj
stabilny
relatively unchanging

stable /ˈsteɪ.bəɫ/ n
stajnia
building for animals with hoofs
building for horses

stableman n
koniuch
person employed to take care of horses in a stable

stack /stæk/ n
stos sterta
a pile of identical objects
stos
computing: data structure

stack /stæk/ v
stertować
To place objects or material in the form of a stack

stadium /ˈsteɪ.di.əm/ n
stadion
venue where sporting events are held

staff /stɑːf/ /ˈstæf/ n
personel pracownicy
employees of a business
kij laska
long, straight, thick rod or stick
pięciolinia
music: series of horizontal lines

stag /stæɡ/ n
strzyżyk
Eurasian wren
jeleń rogacz
adult male deer
kastrat
castrated bull
młoda klacz źrebak
colt or filly

stag beetle n
jelonek rogacz
large beetle in Lucanidae

stage /steɪd͡ʒ/ n
scena podium estrada
in theatre
etap faza okres
phase

stage /steɪd͡ʒ/ v
wywołać wywoływać
to demonstrate in a deceptive manner
inscenizować zainscenizować
to produce on a stage

stage fright n
trema
state of nervousness about performing

stage whisper /ˈsteɪdʒ ˈwɪs.pə/ /ˈsteɪdʒ ˈwɪs.pɚ/ n
szept sceniczny
(theater) A line that is performed on stage as if it were whispered, but is spoken loud enough that the audience can hear

stage-coach /ˈsteɪdʒ.koʊtʃ/ /ˈsteɪdʒ.kəʊtʃ/ n
dyliżans
horse-drawn coach to transport passengers and mail

stagflation n
stagflacja
inflation accompanied by stagnant growth

stagger /ˈstæɡə/ /ˈstæɡɚ/ v
wahać się
to begin to doubt and waver in purposes

staging n
inscenizacja
theater: performance of a play

stagnation /stæɡˈneɪʃən/ n
stagnacja
inactivity

stain /steɪn/ n
plama skaza
blemish on one's character or reputation
plama
discoloured spot or area
barwnik kontrast
reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible

stain /steɪn/ v
bejcować
to coat a surface with a stain
kalać plamić upaprać upaćkać
to discolour something

stained glass n
witraż
coloured glass
witrażownictwo
craft

stainless steel n
stal nierdzewna
corrosion-free alloy

staircase /ˈstɛɹˌkeɪs/ n
schody klatka schodowa
stairway

stairs /ˈstɛəz/ /ˈstɛɹz/ n
schody
contiguous set of steps

stairwell n
klatka schodowa
a shaft in a multi-story building enclosing a stairway or staircase

stake /steɪk/ n
pal kół
pointed long and slender piece of wood etc.
stawka
wager or pledge

stakeholder n
interesant interesariusz
person or organisation with a legitimate interest

stalactite /stəˈlæktaɪt/ /ˈstæləktaɪt/ n
sopleniec stalaktyt
mineral deposit hanging from the roof of a cave

stalemate n
pat
chess term
blocked situation without personal loss

stalk /stɑk/ /stɔk/ /stɔːk/ n
łodyga
stem or main axis of a plant

stalk /stɑk/ /stɔk/ /stɔːk/ v
nękać stalkować
to (try to) follow or contact someone constantly, often resulting in harassment
zakradać się
to approach slowly and quietly in order not to be discovered when getting closer

stalker n
prześladowca prześladowczyni
a person who secretly follows someone, sometimes with unlawful intentions
obserwator
a person who stalks game

stall /stɑl/ /stɔl/ /stɔːl/ n
stragan stoisko
small open-fronted shop

stallion /ˈstæli.ən/ n
ogier
uncastrated male horse

stamen /ˈsteɪ.mən/ n
pręcik
A flower part that produces pollen

stamina /ˈstæmənə/ /ˈstæmɪnə/ n
wytrzymałość
power of sustained exertion

stammer /ˈstæmə/ /ˈstæmɚ/ n
jąkanie
involuntary repetition of sounds in speech

stammer /ˈstæmə/ /ˈstæmɚ/ v
jąkać
to stutter

stamp /stæmp/ n
tupanie
act of stamping
pieczęć stempel pieczątka
device for stamping designs
indentation or imprint made by stamping

stamp /stæmp/ v
oznakować oznakowywać znakować
to give an official marking to
ostemplować pieczętować stemplować
to mark by pressing quickly and heavily
tupać tupnąć
to move (the foot or feet) quickly and heavily
to step quickly and heavily

stampede /stæmˈpiːd/ n
paniczna ucieczka
any sudden flight or dispersion

stance /stæns/ /stɑːns/ n
stanowisko
opinion or point of view

stand /stænd/ [steənd] v
wstawać
to rise to one’s feet
stać
to support oneself on the feet in an erect position
to remain motionless

stand corrected v
poprawię się

stand out v
wyróżniać się
be obvious in contrast to one's surroundings

stand the test of time v
przetrwać próbę czasu
remain useful over a long period

stand up v
wstawać wstać
rise from a sitting position

stand-alone adj
autonomiczny niezależny samodzielny
operating without additions or assistance

standard /ˈstændəd/ /ˈstændəɹd/ adj
nliteracki normatywny standardowy
conforming to the standard variety
standardowy
falling within an accepted range

standard /ˈstændəd/ /ˈstændəɹd/ n
sztandar
a flag or ensign
norma literacka standard standard literacki
standard idiom

standard deviation n
odchylenie standardowe
statistical measure

standard dialect n
dialekt literacki dialekt standardowy narzecze ogólne
variety of language regarded as most "correct", widely accepted, or neutral

standard language n
język literacki język ogólny język standardowy dialekt kulturalny narzecze ogólne
standard variety
język literacki język standardowy
standardized language

standard variety n
narzecze ogólne odmiana literacka języka odmiana ogólna języka odmiana standardowa języka
variety of language regarded as most "correct", widely accepted, or neutral

standard-bearer n
poczet sztandarowy
person who carries flag or banner

standardization n
normotwórstwo standaryzacja
process of establishing a standard

standing /ˈstændɪŋ/ adj
pozostający
permanent
stojący
upright

standing order n
zlecenie stałe
Regular transfer of fixed sum between bank accounts

standpoint n
punkt widzenia
point of view

stanza /ˈstænzə/ n
strofa zwrotka
a unit of a poem

stapes /ˈsteɪ.piz/ n
strzemiączko
bone in the middle ear

staphylococcus n
gronkowiec
bacterium of the genus Staphylococcus

staple /ˈsteɪ.pəl/ n
podstawowe pożywienie
basic food
podstawowy artykuł
basic or essential supply
stapel
length of fibers in wool
klamra
U-shaped metal fastener
one of set of rods hammered into structure
wire fastener in general
zszywka
wire fastener used to secure stacks of paper

staple /ˈsteɪ.pəl/ v
zszyć
secure with a staple

stapler /ˈsteɪplə/ /ˈsteɪpləɹ/ n
zszywacz
device which binds together paper

star /stɑɹ/ /stɑː(ɹ)/ n
gwiazdka gwiazda
asterisk
quality rating symbol
gwiazda sława
celebrity
gwiazda
luminous celestial body
(astronomy) a luminous celestial body
concave polygon
actor
talented or famous person

star anise n
anyż gwiaździsty
a plant, Illicium verum

star fruit n
oskomian pospolity
fruit

starboard /ˈstɑɹbɚd/ n
sterburta
right hand side of a vessel

starch /stɑɹtʃ/ /stɑːtʃ/ n
skrobia
carbohydrates
substance
krochmal
laundry stiffener
sztywność
stiff manner

starch /stɑɹtʃ/ /stɑːtʃ/ v
krochmalić
apply laundry starch

stare /stɛə(ɹ)/ /stɛəɹ/ v
gapić się wpatrywać się
To look fixedly

starfish n
rozgwiazda
various echinoderms

stargate n
Gwiezdne wrota

stark /stɑɹk/ /stɑːk/ adj
sztywny twardy
(obsolete) hard, firm; obdurate
gwałtowny
severe; violent; fierce (now usually in describing the weather)

starkers /ˈstɑɹkɚz/ /ˈstɑːkəz/ adj
golusieńki goły jak święty turecki w czym Pan Bóg stworzył w stroju Adama
completely nude

starless adj
bezgwiezdny
without visible stars

starlight n
światło gwiazd
light emitted from stars other than the Sun

starling /ˈstɑɹlɪŋ/ /ˈstɑːlɪŋ/ n
szpak
bird
izbica
pilings

starlit adj
rozgwieżdżony

starry /ˈstɑː.ɹi/ adj
gwiaździsty gwiezdny gwieździsty rozgwieżdżony
having stars visible
gwiaździsty gwieździsty
shaped like a star

start /stɑɹt/ /stɑːt/ n
początek
beginning of an activity
start
beginning point of a race

start /stɑɹt/ /stɑːt/ v
rozpocząć zacząć
of an activity, to begin
zerwać się (z łóżka)
to awaken suddenly
zacząć
to begin
uruchomić zapalić zapuścić
to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine
poderwać się
to jerk suddenly in surprise
ruszyć
to set in motion

starter /ˈstɑɹtɚ/ /ˈstɑːtə(ɹ)/ n
rozrusznik
electric motor that starts an internal-combustion engine

startup /ˈstɑɹtˌʌp/ /ˈstɑːtəp/ n
uruchamianie
act or process of starting a process or machine

starve /stɑɹv/ /stɑːv/ v
głodować
to die because of lack of food

state /steɪt/ n
stan kondycja
a condition
stan państwo
a political division of a federation retaining a degree of autonomy
państwo stan
any sovereign polity
stan
computing: the stable condition of a processor during a particular clock cycle
computing: the set of all parameters relevant to a computation
computing: the values of all parameters at some point in a computation

state capitalism n
kapitalizm państwowy
form of capitalism

state of being n
samopoczucie
overall physical condition

state of mind n
stan umysłu
psychological state

state of the art adj
najnowocześniejszy najnowszy
at the highest level of development

statehood /ˈsteɪthʊd/ n
państwowość
property of being a state

stateless adj
bezpaństwowy
(law) without a state or nationality

statement /ˈsteɪtm(ə)nt/ /ˈsteɪtmənt/ n
instrukcja
computing: instruction in a computer program
stwierdzenie twierdzenie
declaration or remark
wyciąg
finance: document that summarizes financial activity
oświadczenie
presentation of opinion or position

statesman /ˈsteɪtsmən/ n
mąż stanu
political leader who promotes the public good

statics n
statyka
branch of mechanics

station /ˈsteɪʃən/ n
stacja dworzec przystanek
place where a vehicle may stop

station wagon n
kombi
body style for cars

stationer's n
sklep papierniczy
stationery shop

stationery /ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n(ə)ɹi/ /ˈsteɪʃənɛɹi/ n
artykuły papiernicze
writing materials

statistical /stəˈtɪstɪkəl/ adj
statystyczny
of or pertaining to statistics

statistically /stəˈtɪstɪkl̩i/ adv
statystycznie
in a statistical way

statistician /ˌstætɪsˈtɪʃn̩/ n
statystyk
person who compiles, interprets, or studies statistics

statistics /stəˈtɪstɪks/ n
statystyka
mathematical science
collection of measurements

statolith n
statolit
amyloplast involved in graviperception

stator n
stojan
stationary part of a motor

statue /ˈstæ.tʃuː/ n
posąg statua
three-dimensional work of art

statuelike adj
posągowy
Like a statue

statuesque /statjʊˈɛsk/ adj
posągowy
Elegantly tall and graceful

statuette n
statuetka
a small statue

stature /ˈstætʃ.ə/ /ˈstætʃ.ɚ/ n
wzrost
a person or animal's natural height when standing upright
wysoka pozycja
respect coming from achievement or development

status /ˈsteɪt.əs/ /ˈstæt.əs/ n
stan
situation or state of affairs

staunch /stɑːntʃ/ /stɔːntʃ/ adj
wierny
loyal, trustworthy, reliable

staunch /stɑːntʃ/ /stɔːntʃ/ v
zatamować
to stop the flow of (blood)
zastopować zatrzymać
to stop, check, or deter an action

stave off v
zapobiegać
prevent something from happening

stay /steɪ/ n
pobyt
residence, sojourn
sztag
nautical: strong rope supporting a mast

stay /steɪ/ v
zostawać
to continue to have a particular quality
zostawać zatrzymać się zatrzymywać się zostać
to remain in a particular place

steadfast /ˈstɛdfæst/ adj
oddany
firmly loyal or constant; unswerving
niezachwiany niezłomny
fixed or unchanging; steady

steak /steɪk/ n
befsztyk stek
slice of beef

steal /stiːl/ n
kradzież
the act of stealing

steal /stiːl/ v
skradać
to get or effect surreptitiously or artfully
kraść ukraść buchnąć zwinąć zwędzić capnąć
to illegally take possession of

steam /stiːm/ n
para
pressurized water vapor
para wodna
water vapor

steam /stiːm/ v
parować
to produce or vent steam

steam bath n
łaźnia parowa
room for bathing

steam engine n
maszyna parowy
piston engine driven by steam

steam locomotive n
parowóz
locomotive powered by steam

steam turbine n
turbina parowa
system through which steam is passed

steamboat /ˈstimˌboʊt/ /ˈstiːmˌbəʊt/ n
parowiec parostatek
vessel powered by steam

steamer /ˈstimɚ/ /ˈstiːmə(ɹ)/ n
parowiec
steamboat or steamship

steaming /ˈstiːm.ɪŋ/ n
gotowanie na parze
method of cooking by immersion in steam

steampunk /ˈstiːmpʌŋk/ n
steampunk
subgenre of speculative science fiction

steamship n
parowiec
vessel propelled by steam

steamy adj
zmysłowy
erotic

stearin n
stearyna
the triglyceride of stearic acid

steed /stiːd/ n
rumak
stallion

steel /stiːl/ adj
stalowy
made of steel

steel /stiːl/ n
stal
metal produced from iron

steel square n
węgielnica
tool used to measure out right angles

steelworks n
huta stalownia
place where steel is manufactured and/or shaped

steep /stiːp/ adj
stromy
near-vertical

steep /stiːp/ v
zaparzać zaparzyć
to make tea/coffee

steer /stɪə(ɹ)/ n
młody wół
castrated male of cattle

steer /stɪə(ɹ)/ v
kierować sterować
transitive: to guide the course of
intransitive: to guide the course

steerageway /ˈstiɹɪdʒˌweɪ/ /ˈstɪə.ɹɪdʒˌweɪ/ n
prędkość sterowna
minimum speed of a ship

steering group n
grupa koordynująca
A committee that arranges the schedule of business for a legislative assembly or other organization

steering wheel n
kierownica
wheel-shaped control

steganography /ˌstɛ.ɡʌnˈɔ.ɡɹʌ.fi/ /ˌstɛɡ.ənˈɒɡ.ɹə.fi/ n
steganografia
steganography

stein /staɪn/ n
kufel
a beer mug

stele /stiːl/ n
stela
(archaeology) tall, slender stone monument

stellar /ˈstɛlə/ /ˈstɛlɚ/ adj
gwiezdny
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of stars

stellar wind n
wiatr gwiazdowy
equivalent of solar wind

stem /stɛm/ n
rdzeń temat
linguistics: main part of a word
cybuch
narrow supporting structure on certain man-made objects

stem /stɛm/ v
wywodzić się
to be caused
tamować
to stop, hinder

stem cell n
komórka macierzysta komórka pnia
primal undifferentiated cell

stench /stɛntʃ/ n
smród fetor
a strong foul smell, a stink

stenographer /stəˈnɑɡɹəfəɹ/ /stəˈnɒɡɹəfə/ n
stenograf stenografka
someone skilled in the transcription of speech

stenography /stəˈnɑɡɹəfi/ /stɪˈnɒɡɹəfi/ n
stenografia
the practice of transcribing speech, usually using shorthand

stentorian /stɛnˈtɔː.ɹi.ən/ adj
stentorowy tubalny
of a voice suitable for giving speeches to large crowds

step /stɛp/ n
ślad
footstep
krok chód
manner of walking
stopień
one of a set of rests in a stair or ladder
running board
krok
pace
proceeding; measure; action; act
space passed over by one movement of the foot in walking or running
drabina drabinka drabka
plural: portable framework of stairs
krok kroczek
small space or distance

step /stɛp/ v
zrobić krok
intransitive: to move the foot in walking
kroczyć
intransitive: to walk slowly, gravely, or resolutely

step up v
przyspieszyć wzmagać
to increase speed or rate

stepbrother n
brat przyrodni
son of one's stepfather or stepmother

stepdaughter n
pasierbica
daughter of one's spouse and not of oneself

stepfather n
ojczym
husband of one's biological mother, other than one's biological father

stepmother /ˈstɛpmʌðə/ n
macocha
wife of one's biological father, not one's biological mother

steppe /stɛp/ n
step
the grasslands of Eastern Europe and Asia

stepson /ˈstɛpsʌn/ n
pasierb
son of one's spouse and not of oneself

steradian n
steradian
derived unit of solid angle

stereo adj
stereograf stereogram
of a pit of images
dźwięk stereo stereo
of sound

stereo n
sprzęt stereo
device
stereo
system

stereometry /stɛɹiːˈɒmətɹi/ n
stereometria
science of measuring solids

sterile /ˈstɛɹaɪl/ /ˈstɛɹəl/ adj
sterylny
germless
bezpłodny
unable to reproduce

stern /stɜːn/ /stɝn/ n
rufa
the rear part or after end of a ship or vessel

steroid /ˈstɛɹɔɪd/ n
steroid
class of organic compounds

stethoscope /ˈstɛθəskəʊp/ /ˈstɛθəsˌkoʊp/ n
słuchawka stetoskop
medical instrument

stevia /ˈstiːvɪə/ n
skupnia stewia
any species of genus Stevia
stewia stewiozyd
sweetener

stew /stjuː/ /stu/ /stʃʉː/ n
gulasz
dish

stew /stjuː/ /stu/ /stʃʉː/ v
dusić
to cook (food)

stewardess /stjuː.əˈdɛs/ /ˈstu.ɚ.dɪs/ n
stewardessa
female flight attendant

stick /stɪk/ n
laska
cane or walking stick
drążek
gearstick, stickshift
kij
hockey stick
kij pałka
long piece of wood
patyk gałązka
twig or small branch

stick insect n
patyczak
insects of the order Phasmida

sticker /ˈstɪkə(r)/ n
naklejka nalepka
adhesive label or decal
kleiwo klej
something that sticks

stickiness n
czepliwość kleistość lepkość przylepność
property of sticking or adhering

sticky /ˈstɪki/ adj
lepki
able or likely to stick

stiff /stɪf/ adj
sztywny
of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible

stigma /ˈstɪɡmə/ n
piętno
mark of infamy
piętno znamię
scar or birthmark

stiletto /stəˈlɛtoʊ/ n
sztylet
stabbing weapon
szpilka
woman's shoe with a tall, slender heel

still /stɪl/ adj
nieruchomy
not moving

still /stɪl/ adv
jeszcze nadal wciąż ciągle dalej stale
up to a time, as in the preceding time

still life n
martwa natura
work of art

still waters run deep proverb
cicha woda brzegi rwie
a person's calm appearance may be misleading

stilt /stɪlt/ n
szczudło
walking pole

stilt sandpiper n
biegus brodzcowaty
Calidris himantopus

stimulant n
używka
substance acting to increase physiological or nervous activity in the body

stimulus /ˈstɪm.jə.ləs/ n
bodziec
anything that induces a person to take action
anything that may have an impact or influence on a system
in physiology: something external that elicits or influences a physiological or psychological activity or response
in psychology: anything effectively impinging upon any of the sensory apparatuses of a living organism

sting /stɪŋ/ v
kąsać żądlić ukąsić użądlić
of an insect: to bite

stinger /ˈstɪŋə(ɹ)/ /ˈstɪŋɚ/ n
żądło
pointed portion of an insect

stingy /ˈstɪndʒi/ /ˈstɪŋi/ adj
skąpy oszczędny
unwilling to spend or give

stink /stɪŋk/ n
smród odór
strong bad smell

stink /stɪŋk/ v
śmierdzieć
give an impression of dishonesty or untruth
śmierdzieć capić cuchnąć jebać trącić walić
have a strong bad smell

stinker /stɪŋ.kə(ɹ)/ /stɪŋ.kɚ/ n
śmierdziel
person who stinks

stinky /ˈstɪŋki/ adj
śmierdzący
having a strong, unpleasant smell

stint /stɪnt/ v
skąpić
to be sparing or mean

stipulation /ˌstɪp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ n
warunek zastrzeżenie
something that is stated or stipulated as a condition of an agreement

stipule /ˈstɪpjuːl/ n
przylistek
basal appendage

stir up v
wywoływać, wzniecać
to cause (trouble etc)

stirrup /ˈstɝəp/ /ˈstɪɹəp/ n
strzemię
footrest used by riders

stitch /stɪt͡ʃ/ n
kolka
an intense stabbing pain under the lower edge of the ribcage
ścieg splot
arrangement of stitches or method of stitching in knitting
ścieg
single pass of the needle in sewing
arrangement of stitches or method of stitching in sewing
oczko
single turn of the thread in knitting

stochastic /stəˈkæstɪk/ adj
stochastyczny
random

stochastic matrix n
macierz stochastyczna
matrix

stochastic process n
proces stochastyczny
a function mapping to set of random variables

stock /stɑk/ /stɒk/ n
akcja asortyment inwentaż kolba udział zapas
kolba
part of gun

stock dove n
gołąb siniak siniak
stock dove, Columba oenas

stock exchange n
giełda
building and the associated organization

stock market n
giełda
market for the trading of company stock

stockfish /ˈstɒkfɪʃ/ n
sztokfisz stokfisz
cured fish

stocking /ˈstɑkɪŋ/ /ˈstɒkɪŋ/ n
pończocha
garment (for translations of "sock", see sock)

stockpile /ˈstɒkpaɪl/ n
zapas zapasy
supply for future use

stockpile /ˈstɒkpaɪl/ v
gromadzić zapasy
accumulate a stockpile

stocktaking n
inwentaryzacja
act of taking an inventory of merchandise etc

stocky adj
krępy
solidly built

stoichiometric adj
stechiometryczny
of, or relating to stoichiometry

stoichiometry /ˌstɔɪ.kiˈɒm.ə.tɹi/ n
stechiometria
the study of the relationships of reactants and products in chemical reactions

stole /ˈstoʊl/ /ˈstəʊl/ n
stuła
ecclesiastical garment
etola
scarf-like garment

stolen /ˈstəʊlən/ adj
ukradzeni ukradziona ukradzione ukradziony
that has been stolen

stomach /ˈstʌmək/ n
brzuch żywot
belly
żołądek
digestive organ

stomachache /ˈstʌməkˌeɪk/ n
ból brzucha
pain in the abdomen

stone /stoʊn/ /stɐʉn/ /stəʊn/ adj
kamienny
constructed of stone

stone /stoʊn/ /stɐʉn/ /stəʊn/ n
pestka
centre of some fruits
kamyk kamień
small piece of stone
kamień
substance
medical: hard, stone-like deposit

stone /stoʊn/ /stɐʉn/ /stəʊn/ v
kamienować ukamienować
To pelt with stones
drylować
to remove stone from

stone curlew /stəʊnˈkɜːlju/ n
kulon
species of large terrestrial birds

stone deaf adj
głuchy jak pień
utterly deaf

stone fruit n
pestkowiec
fruit with soft flesh and a hard pit

stone loach n
śliz pospolity
Barbatula barbatula

stone's throw n
rzut beretem rzut kamieniem
short distance

stonechat n
kląskawka
bird

stonecrop n
rozchodnik
Sedum

stonen adj
kamienny
Made of stone

stony /ˈstoʊni/ /ˈstəʊni/ adj
kamienisty
containing stones
kamienny
hard as stone

stool /stuːl/ n
stolec kał
stołek taboret
a seat

stool pigeon n
kabel kapuś
decoy

stoop /stuːp/ v
nachylać się nachylić się pochylać się pochylić się schylać się schylić się
to bend the upper part of the body forward and downward
zniżać się zniżyć się
to lower oneself; to demean or do something below one's status, standards, or morals

stop /stɑp/ /stɒp/ n
przystanek
place to get on and off mass transport

stop /stɑp/ /stɒp/ v
zatrzymać
to cause to cease moving
zatrzymać się
to cease moving
to stay a while

stop the car phraseologicalUnit
niech zatrzyma samochód
stop the car

stopwatch n
sekundomierz stoper
timepiece

storey /ˈstɔːɹɪ/ n
piętro kondygnacja poziom
floor, level

stork /stɔɹk/ /stɔːk/ n
bocian bociek
large wading bird of the family Ciconiidae

storksbill n
iglica
plant of the genus Erodium

storm /stɔɹm/ /stɔːm/ n
burza sztorm
disturbed state of the atmosphere

stormy /ˈstɔɹmi/ adj
burzowy
of or pertaining to storms; strong winds, rough seas, heavy rain etc.
burzliwy
violent; passionate; rough

story /ˈstɔː.ɹi/ n
historia opowieść
account of events

stout /staʊt/ /stʌʊt/ adj
tęgi
large, bulky, corpulent

stoutness n
tusza
a state or quality of being stout

stove /stoʊv/ /stəʊv/ n
piecyk kuchenka
heater

stowaway n
pasażer na gapę
person who hides on a ship, train, etc.

strabismus n
zez
defect of vision

stracciatella /ˌstɹætʃəˈtɛlə/ /ˌstɹɑtʃi.əˈtɛlə/ n
stracciatella
an Italian ice cream with chocolate shavings
an Italian soup made from a mixture of cheese and egg in a broth

straight /stɹeɪt/ adj
hetero
heterosexual
prosty
not crooked or bent
direct, truthful, frank
having all cylinders in a single row

straight /stɹeɪt/ n
strit
five cards in sequence

straight angle n
kąt półpełny
angle equal to 180°

straightly adv
prosto
agreeably; correspondingly; suitably; in a manner conformable

strain /stɹeɪ̯n/ n
szczep
race, lineage, pedigree

strainer /ˈstɹeɪnɚ/ n
cedzak sito
utensil

strait /stɹeɪt/ n
cieśnina
narrow channel of water

strand /stɹænd/ n
plaża
beach

strange /ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ adj
dziwny
in quantum mechanics
dziwny osobliwy cudaczny nienormalny niezwyczajny
not normal
obcy
not yet part of one’s experience

stranger /ˈstɹeɪndʒə/ /ˈstɹeɪndʒɚ/ n
przybysz przybyszka
newcomer
cudzoziemiec cudzoziemka
outsider or foreigner
obcy nieznajomy nieznajoma
person whom one does not know

stranglehold n
kontrola nad sytuacją
grip or control so strong as to stifle or cut off

strangles /ˈstɹæŋɡ(ə)lz/ /ˈstɹæŋɡəlz/ n
zołzy
disease of horses

strangulation n
uduszenie
act of strangling

stratagem /ˈstɹæt.ə.dʒəm/ n
chwyt fortel zagrywka
tactic

strategic /stɹəˈtiː.dʒɪk/ adj
strategiczny
of or pertaining to strategy

strategically adv
strategicznie
in a strategic manner

strategist /ˈstɹætəd͡ʒɪst/ n
strateg
one who devises strategies

strategy /ˈstɹætədʒi/ n
strategia
plan of action
science and art of military command
techniques in politics or business

stratosphere n
stratosfera
region of the uppermost atmosphere

stratovolcano n
stratowulkan
volcano

straw /stɹɑ/ /stɹɔ/ /stɹɔː/ adj
słomiany
made of straw

straw /stɹɑ/ /stɹɔ/ /stɹɔː/ n
słoma
dried stalks considered collectively

strawberry /ˈstɹɑˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔːb(ə)ɹi/ adj
truskawkowy
colour
flavour

strawberry /ˈstɹɑˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/ /ˈstɹɔːb(ə)ɹi/ n
truskawka poziomka
fruit
plant

strawberry tree n
chruścina jagodna
the European plant Arbutus unedo

strawen /ˈstɹɔːən/ adj
słomiany
Made of straw

stray /stɹeɪ/ adj
bezdomny zbłąkany
having gone astray

streak-backed antshrike n
chronka wenezuelska
Thamnophilus insignis

stream /stɹiːm/ n
potok strumień rzeczka ciek
small river

street /stɹiːt/ /ʃtɹiːt/ [skɹitˤ] n
ulica
paved part of road in a village or a town

street sweeper n
zamiatarka
machine used to sweep streets
zamiatacz
person employed to sweep streets, etc.

streetlight n
latarnia uliczna
lamps set along a street

strength /stɹɛŋkθ/ [st̠͡ɹ̠ɪŋkθ] n
siła moc
quality of being strong

strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/ v
stawać się coraz silniejszym wzmacniać
to make strong or stronger

strengthening n
wzmacniająca
process by which something is strengthened

strenuous /ˈstɹɛnjuəs/ adj
żmudny
requiring great exertion

streptococcus n
paciorkowiec
bacterium

stress /stɹɛs/ n
naprężenie
(physics) internal force across a boundary per area
stres
emotional pressure
emfaza nacisk
on a point in an argument
akcent nacisk
when speaking

stress /stɹɛs/ v
akcentować
to emphasise (a syllable)

stretch mark n
rozstęp
stripes on the surface of the skin

stretcher /ˈstɹɛtʃə/ /ˈstɹɛtʃɚ/ n
blejtram krosna malarskie
frame on which a canvas is stretched for painting
nosze
simple litter designed to carry a sick, injured, or dead person

stretcher-bearer n
noszowy
person who carries people on a stretcher

strew /stɹu/ /stɹuː/ v
rozrzucić
to distribute objects or pieces of something

strict /stɹɪkt/ adj
srogi surowy
severe in discipline

stride /stɹaɪd/ n
krok
long step

stride /stɹaɪd/ v
kroczyć
to walk with long steps

strife /stɹaɪf/ n
konflikt kłótnia niesnaska
violent conflict

strike /stɹaɪk/ n
strajk
work stoppage

strike /stɹaɪk/ v
strajkować
to stop working to achieve better working conditions

strike while the iron is hot v
kuj żelazo póki gorące
act on an opportunity promptly

strikebreaker n
łamistrajk
worker hired to replace a striking worker

string /stɹɪŋ/ n
sznurek struna
long, thin structure made from twisted threads
struna
string of a musical instrument
any similar long, thin and flexible object
physics: subject of study in string theory

string quartet n
kwartet smyczkowy
composition for four string players
group of four string players

string trimmer n
podkaszarka
garden implement

stringed instrument n
instrument strunowy
type of musical instrument

strip club n
klub ze striptizem
establishment offering striptease or other erotic dancing

stripe-breasted tit n
sikora smużkowa
Melaniparus fasciiventer

striped /stɹaɪpt/ adj
paskowany w paski
having stripes, decorated or marked with bands differing in color

stripper /stɹɪpə(ɹ)/ n
striptizer striptizerka
one who removes their clothing in a sexually provocative manner

striptease n
striptiz
arousing act

strive /ˈstɹaɪv/ v
dążyć starać się
to try to achieve

stroboscope n
stroboskop
instrument for studying or observing periodic movement by rendering a moving body visible only at regular intervals

stroke /stɹoʊk/ /stɹəʊk/ n
cios
- act of striking with a weapon
blow
skok suw
- thrust of piston
głaskanie
act of stroking
kreska
line drawn with a writing implement
apopleksja wylew
loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted
styl
particular style of swimming, single movement in that style
pociągnięcie
single movement with a tool
streak made with a brush

stroke /stɹoʊk/ /stɹəʊk/ v
głaskać
to move one's hand or an object over the surface of

stroll /stɹoʊl/ /stɹəʊl/ n
przechadzka spacer
wandering on foot

stroll /stɹoʊl/ /stɹəʊl/ v
spacerować przechadzać się
wander on foot

stroller n
wózek
seat on wheels used to transport babies

strong /stɹɑŋ/ /stɹɒŋ/ /stɹɔŋ/ adj
silny mocny krzepki
capable of producing great physical force
solidny wytrzymały
capable of withstanding great physical force
mocny
having an offensive or intense odor or flavor

strong as an ox adj
mocny jak byk silny jak byk
very strong and powerful

strong nuclear interaction n
oddziaływanie silne
strong nuclear interaction

stronghold /ˈstɹɒŋhəʊld/ /ˈstɹɔŋˌhoʊld/ n
twierdza
place built to withstand attack

strontium /ˈstɹɒn.ti.əm/ n
stront
chemical element

structural adj
strukturalny
of, relating to, or having structure
budowlany
used in building

structure /ˈstɹʌktʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈstɹʌktʃɚ/ n
struktura
cohesive whole built up of distinct parts
overall form or organization of something

strudel /ˈstɹuːdəl/ n
strudel
layered pastry

struggle /ˈstrʌɡəl/ n
walka bitwa bój
strife, effort

struggle /ˈstrʌɡəl/ v
walczyć bić
to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight

strumpet /ˈstɹʌm.pɪt/ n
ladacznica
A prostitute

strychnine n
strychnina
very toxic, colourless, crystalline alkaloid

stub /stʌb/ n
zalążek artykułu
(wikis) page providing minimal information

stubble /ˈstʌb.əl/ n
rżysko ścierń
short stalks left in a field after harvest

stubborn /ˈstʌbən/ /ˈstʌbɚn/ adj
uparty
refusing to move or change one's opinion

stubbornness n
upartość upór
state of being stubborn

stud /stʌd/ n
ciacho przystojniak
sexually attractive male

student /ˈstjuː.dənt/ /ˈstu.dn̩t/ n
student studentka
person enrolled at a university
person who studies a subject

studies /ˈstʌdiz/ n
studia
academic field of study

study /ˈstʌdi/ n
nauka uczenie się
mental effort to acquire knowledge

study /ˈstʌdi/ v
uczyć się studiować
to acquire knowledge
to revise/review materials
wpatrywać się studiować
to look at minutely
studiować
to take a course

stuff /stʌf/ n
rzeczy
miscellaneous items; things

stuff /stʌf/ v
teges
obżerać się opychać się
to eat in a hearty or greedy manner
nadziać nadziewać napchać wypchać
to fill by crowding into
wypychać
to preserve a dead animal

stuffed animal n
pluszak przytulanka zabawka pluszowa
soft toy in the form of an animal

stuffed shirt n
formalista nadęty facet sztywniak
one who is overly-officious

stuffing n
farsz
food items used to stuff another

stumble /ˈstʌmbəl/ n
potknięcie się
a fall or trip
potknięcie
an error or blunder

stumble /ˈstʌmbəl/ v
potknąć się potykać się
to trip or fall

stump /stʌmp/ n
kikut
remains of something that has been cut off

stunt /stʌnt/ n
wyczyn kaskaderski
dangerous feat

stuntman /ˈstʌnt.mæn/ n
kaskader
one who performs stunts

stupefy /ˈst(j)upəˌfaɪ/ v
ogłuszać ogłuszyć
dull the senses or capacity to think

stupid /ˈst(j)upɪd/ /ˈstjuːpɪd/ /ˈʃtjuːpɪd/ /ˈʃt͡ʃjuːpəd/ adj
głupi durnowaty durny tępogłowy tępy zakuty
lacking in intelligence

stupid /ˈst(j)upɪd/ /ˈstjuːpɪd/ /ˈʃtjuːpɪd/ /ˈʃt͡ʃjuːpəd/ n
baran bezmózg cep ciemniak dureń gamoń
A stupid person; a person with lack of intellegence

stupidity /stjuːˈpɪdɪti/ /stuˈpɪdɪti/ n
głupota
property of being stupid

sturdy /ˈstɜrdi/ /ˈstɜːdi/ adj
mocny silny solidny
of firm build
mocny niezachwiany silny solidny
solid in structure or person

sturgeon /ˈstɜːdʒən/ /ˈstɝdʒən/ n
jesiotr
fish of family Acipenseridae

stutter /ˈstʌɾɚ/ n
jąkanie
speech disorder

stutterer n
jąkała
one who stutters

stye /ˈstaɪ/ n
jęczmień jęczmyk
bacterial infection of the eyelash or eyelid

style /staɪl/ n
styl
manner of creating, doing, or presenting something, especially a work of architecture or art
manner of expression in writing or speech

stylish /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/ adj
stylowy
having elegance or taste or refinement in manners or dress

stylophone /ˈstaɪləfəʊn/ n
stylofon
small synthesizer operated using a stylus

stylus /ˈstaɪl.əs/ n
rysik
pen for writing on touch-sensitive screen

styrofoam n
styropian
polymer

stød /stɜːd/ /stʌd/ n
stød
a phenomenon of most Danish accents

sub-Saharan adj
subsaharyjski
pertaining to that part of Africa south of the Sahara

subarctic /sʌbˈɑːktɪk/ /sʌbˈɑːtɪk/ adj
subantarktyczny subarktyczny
of, relating to, or characteristic of the subarctic

subatomic adj
subatomowy
relating to particles that are smaller than an atom

subconscious adj
podświadomy
below the level of consciousness

subconscious n
podświadomość
that part of mind that is not consciously perceived

subcontractor n
podwykonawca
contractor hired by contractor

subculture n
subkultura
portion of a culture distinguished by its customs or other features

subcutaneous /sʌbkjuːˈteɪnɪəs/ adj
podskórny
pertaining to the fatty layer under the skin

subdialect n
gwara poddialekt subdialekt

subdomain n
subdomena
domain name prefaced with additional parts separated by a period

subfamily n
podrodzina
taxonomic category

subgenus n
podrodzaj
subdivision of a genus

subhuman [sʌbˈhjuːmən] n
podczłowiek
untermensch

subject /səbˈdʒɛkt/ /ˈsʌb.dʒɛkt/ /ˈsʌb.dʒɪkt/ n
poddany poddana
citizen in a monarchy
podmiot
in grammar
temat
main topic
przedmiot
particular area of study
poddany
person ruled over by another, especially a monarch or state authority

subjectivity n
subiektywność
state of being subjective

subjugate /ˈsʌbdʒuɡeɪt/ /ˈsʌbdʒəɡeɪt/ v
podporządkować podporządkowywać
to forcibly impose obedience or servitude

subjunctive mood n
tryb łączący
subjunctive mood

sublimation n
sublimacja
phase transition
transformation of an impulse

sublime /səˈblaɪm/ adj
wzniosły
noble and majestic

subliminal message n
percepcja podprogowa
message under normal perception

submachine gun n
pistolet maszynowy
short range machine gun

submarine /sʌb.məˈɹin/ /sʌb.məˈɹiːn/ /ˈsʌb.mə.ɹin/ adj
podmorski podwodny
undersea

submarine /sʌb.məˈɹin/ /sʌb.məˈɹiːn/ /ˈsʌb.mə.ɹin/ n
łódź podwodna okręt podwodny
undersea boat

submenu n
podmenu
secondary menu available through another menu

submissive /səbˈmɪsɪv/ adj
pokorny
meekly obedient or passive

submit /səbˈmɪt/ v
ulec ulegać
yield or give way to another

suborder n
podrząd
taxonomic category

subordinate /səˈbɔɹdɪneɪt/ /səˈbɔɹdɪnət/ /səˈbɔːdɪneɪt/ /səˈbɔːdɪnət/ adj
podrzędny
placed in a lower class, rank, or position

subordinate clause n
zdanie podrzędne
a clause that cannot stand alone

suboxide n
podtlenek
oxide containing a small proportion of oxygen

subpar adj
niedostateczny
Of less than a traditional or accepted standard

subphylum n
podtyp
taxonomic category below phylum and above class

subplot n
wątek
a subsidiary plot within a story

subpoena /səˈpiːnə/ n
wezwanie do sądu
writ requiring someone to appear in court to give testimony

subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/ v
abonować prenumerować
to sign up to receive a publication

subscriber /səbˈskɹaɪbəɹ/ n
abonent abonentka
a person who subscribes to a publication or a service

subscription n
abonament prenumerata
access to a resource for a period of time

subsequent /ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/ adj
kolejny dalszy późniejszy
following in time

subsequently /ˈsʌb.sɪ.kwənt.li/ adv
później
subsequently

subset /ˈsʌbˌsɛt/ n
podzbiór
set whose elements are within another given set

subsidy /ˈsʌbsɨdi/ n
subwencja
financial support

subspecies /ˈsʌbspiːʃiːz/ n
podgatunek
rank in the classification of organisms

substance /ˈsʌbstəns/ n
narkotyk
drugs
istota
essential part
majątek
material possessions
substancja
matter

substandard /səbˈstændɚd/ adj
podrzędny pośledni substandardowy
of inferior quality

substation n
postacja
electrical substation

substitute /ˈsʌbstɪtut/ n
substytut odpowiednik zamiennik zastępnik
replacement or stand-in

substitute /ˈsʌbstɪtut/ v
zastąpić podstawiać zamienić
to use in place of something else

subterranean adj
podziemny
below ground, under the earth, underground

subthalamus n
niskowzgórze
part of the diencephalon beneath the thalamus

subtitle /ˈsʌbtaɪtəl/ n
podtytuł
heading below a title
napisy
textual versions of the dialog in films

subtle /ˈsʌt(ə)l/ adj
subtelny
hard to grasp

subtleness n
delikatność subtelność
property of being subtle

subtlety /ˈsʌtəlti/ n
subtelność
an instance of being subtle
delikatność subtelność
quality or act of being subtle

subtly /ˈsʌ.tl̩.li/ /ˈsʌt.li/ adv
delikatnie subtelnie
with subtleness, in a subtle manner

subtract /səbˈtɹækt/ v
odejmować odjąć
to remove or reduce

subtraction /səbˈtɹækʃən/ n
odejmowanie
process
calculation

subtrahend /ˈsʌbtɹəhɛnd/ n
odjemnik
A number or quantity to be subtracted from another

subtropical adj
podzwrotnikowy subtropikalny
further from the equator than the tropical regions

suburb /ˈsʌbɜː(ɹ)b/ n
przedmieście
area on the periphery of a city or large town

suburban adj
podmiejski
relating to outskirts of a city

subway /ˈsʌbˌweɪ/ n
metro
underground railway
przejście podziemne
underground walkway

succade /səˈkeɪd/ n
cykata
candied citrus peel

succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v
odziedziczyć
To fall heir to; to inherit
udać się dać radę poradzić sobie
To obtain the object desired; to accomplish what is attempted or intended; to have a prosperous issue or termination; to be successful

success /səkˈsɛs/ n
sukces powodzenie
achievement of one's aim or goal

successful /səkˈsɛsfl̩/ adj
udany
resulting in success

successor /səkˈsɛsə(ɹ)/ n
następnik
integer or cardinal immediately following another
następca
next heir in order or succession
person who inherits a title or office

succinct /sə(k)ˈsɪŋkt/ /səkˈsɪŋ(k)t/ adj
zwięzły treściwy
brief and to the point

succour /ˈsʌkə/ /ˈsʌkɚ/ n
sukurs
aid, assistance, or relief given to one in distress

succubus /ˈsʌk.jʊ.bəs/ n
sukub sukkub sukkubus
female demon

succulent /ˈsʌkjələnt/ adj
mięsisty soczysty
botany: having fleshy leaves or other tissues that store water
soczysty
juicy or lush

succumb /səˈkʌm/ v
umrzeć
to die
ulec
to give up, or give in
to yield to an overpowering force or overwhelming desire

such /sʌt͡ʃ/ determiner
taki
used to make a comparison with something implied by context

such is life phraseologicalUnit
takie jest życie
used to express the acceptance of misfortune

suck /sʊk/ /sʌk/ v
ssać
to use the mouth to pull in (liquid etc)

suck off v
obciągać robić loda ssać chuja ssać fiuta ssać pałę
to give a blowjob

suck up v
podlizywać się
to adulate or flatter excessively

sucker /ˈsʌk.ə/ /ˈsʌk.ɚ/ n
frajer
one who is easily fooled
przyssawka
organ

suckle /sʌ.kəl/ v
karmić mlekiem
to give suck to

sucrose /ˈsukɹoʊs/ /ˈsuːkɹəʊz/ n
sacharoza
a disaccharide

suction cup /ˈsʌkʃən kʌp/ n
przyssawka
cup using suction as an adhesive

sudden /ˈsʌdən/ adj
nagły
happening quickly and with little or no warning

sudden infant death syndrome n
nagła śmierć łóżeczkowa zespół nagłego zgonu niemowląt
medical syndrome

suddenly /ˈsʌdn̩li/ adv
nagle niespodziewanie
happening quickly and with little or no warning

sudoku /sʊˈdoʊku/ /sʊˈduːkoʊ/ /sʊˈdəʊku/ n
sudoku
a puzzle using numbers

sue /suː/ v
pozwać
to file a legal action

suede /sweɪd/ n
zamsz
type of leather

suet /s(j)uːɪt/ n
sadło łój
fat

suffer /ˈsʌfə/ /ˈsʌfɚ/ v
cierpieć
feel pain
cierpieć pokutować
undergo hardship

suffering /ˈsʌfəɹɪŋ/ n
cierpienie męka
condition

suffice /səˈfaɪs/ v
wystarczać wystarczyć
be enough, sufficient, adequate
wystarczać wystarczyć zadowolić
satisfy

sufficient /səˈfɪʃənt/ adj
wystarczający dostateczny
adequate to wants

sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof proverb
dosyćci ma dzień na swojem utrapieniu
the present provides enough to worry about

sufficiently /səˈfɪʃəntli/ adv
wystarczająco
in a sufficient manner

suffix /ˈsʌfɪks/ n
przyrostek
morpheme added at the end of a word to modify the word's meaning

suffocate /ˈsʌfəkeɪt/ v
dusić
(transitive) to cause someone to suffer severely reduced oxygen supply to his body
(transitive) to kill someone by depriving him of a sufficient oxygen intake

suffragette n
sufrażystka
female supporter of women's right to vote

suffragist n
sufrażystka
person who promotes suffrage

sugar /ˈʃʊɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈʃʊɡɚ/ n
cukier
sucrose from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink
generic term for sucrose, glucose, fructose, etc
any of a series of carbohydrates used by organisms to store energy
kochanie słońce
term of endearment

sugar /ˈʃʊɡə(ɹ)/ /ˈʃʊɡɚ/ v
posłodzić słodzić
to add sugar to, to sweeten
osładzać osłodzić
to make something seem less unpleasant

sugar beet n
burak cukrowy
type of beet

sugar bowl n
cukiernica
small receptacle for serving sugar on a table

sugar cane n
trzcina cukrowa
species of grass whose sap is a source of sugar

sugar substitute n
słodzik
food additives

sugar-loaf n
głowa cukru
conical block of sugar

sugary adj
cukrowy
covered with or containing a large amount of sugar

suggest /səɡˈdʒɛst/ /səˈdʒɛst/ v
proponować
to ask for without demanding
sugerować
to imply but stop short of saying directly
to make one suppose
sugerować proponować
to recommend

suggestion /səɡˈd͡ʒɛstʃən/ /səˈd͡ʒɛstjən/ n
propozycja
something suggested

suicide /ˈs(j)uɪˌsaɪd/ /ˈs(j)uːɪˌsaɪd/ n
samobójstwo
instance of killing oneself
samobójca samobójczyni
person who has killed himself/herself, is killing (is attempting/has attempted to kill) himself/herself

suit /s(j)ut/ /s(j)uːt/ n
kolor
card games: set of cards distinguished by color and emblems
garnitur
set of clothes
kombinezon kostium
single garment that covers the whole body

suit /s(j)ut/ /s(j)uːt/ v
pasować odpowiadać
to agree, accord, be fitted to
pasować
to be suitable or apt for one's image

suit oneself v
a rób, jak chcesz jak ci się żywnie podoba jak uważasz
do whatever you want

suitcase /ˈsjuːtkeɪs/ /ˈsutkeɪs/ n
walizka
large piece of luggage

suite /swiːt/ n
suita
musical form pre-dating the sonata

sulfate /ˈsʌlfeɪt/ n
siarczan
inorganic chemistry: any salt of sulfuric acid
organic chemistry: any ester of sulfuric acid

sulfide n
siarczek
any compound of sulfur and a metal or electropositive element or group

sulfite /ˈsʌlfaɪt/ n
siarczyn
salt of sulfurous acid

sulfonamide n
sulfonamid
any amide of a sulfonic acid
type of antibiotic, a sulfa drug

sulfur /ˈsʌl.fə/ /ˈsʌl.fɚ/ n
siarka
element

sulfuric acid n
kwas siarkowy
H2SO4

sulk /sʌlk/ v
dąsać się obrażać się
to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn

sully /ˈsʌli/ v
skalać
to corrupt or damage
to soil or stain

sulphur-crested cockatoo n
kakadu żółtoczuba
Cacatua galerita

sultan /ˈsʌltən/ n
sułtan
ruler

sultanate n
sułtanat
state ruled by a sultan

sum /sʌm/ n
suma
quantity obtained by addition or aggregation
quantity of money
arithmetic problem

sumac /ˈs(j)uːmæk/ /ˈsuːˌmæk/ n
sumak
shrub or small tree of the genus Rhus, etc.

summand n
składnik
term of addition

summarize /ˈsʌməɹaɪz/ v
streszczać reasumować
to prepare a summary

summary /ˈsʌməɹi/ adj
doraźny
performed speedily

summary /ˈsʌməɹi/ n
streszczenie podsumowanie skrót
condensed presentation

summer /ˈsʌmə(ɹ)/ /ˈsʌmɚ/ n
lato
hottest season

summer camp n
kolonia letnia obóz harcerski
institution devoted to housing and entertaining children

summer solstice n
przesilenie letnie
the moment when the hemisphere is most inclined toward the sun

summit /ˈsʌmɪt/ n
szczyt
gathering of leaders
szczyt wierzchołek
peak, top of mountain

summon /ˈsʌmən/ v
wzywać
to call people together

sumo /ˈsuːməʊ/ n
sumo
form of wrestling
sumita
sumo wrestler

sump /sʌmp/ n
rząp
lowest part of a mineshaft

sun /sʌn/ n
słońce Słońce
a star, especially when seen as the centre of any single solar system
słońce promienie słoneczne światło słoneczne
light and warmth received from the sun

sun /sʌn/ pn
słońce Słońce
the star around which the Earth revolves

sunbathe v
opalać się
to expose one's body to the sun

sunburn /ˈsʌnbɜːn/ /ˈsʌnbɝn/ n
oparzenie słoneczne
burn

sundew n
rosiczka
group of insectivorous plants

sundial /ˈsʌnˌdaɪəl/ n
zegar słoneczny
device noting the time of day by the position of a shadow

sunfish /ˈsʌnˌfɪʃ/ n
samogłów
fish of the family Molidae

sunflower /ˈsʌnˌflaʊəɹ/ n
słonecznik
flower

sunflower oil n
olej słonecznikowy
vegetable oil

sunglasses n
okulary przeciwsłoneczne okulary słoneczne
tinted glasses worn to protect the eyes from the sun

sunlight /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ n
światło słoneczne
electromagnetic radiation given off by the sun

sunny /ˈsʌni/ adj
słoneczny
weather, day

sunrise /ˈsʌnɹaɪz/ n
wschód słońca
time of day

sunroof /ˈsʌnˌɹuːf/ n
szyberdach
opening in a vehicle roof

sunscreen n
krem do opalania
cream that protects the skin from the sun

sunset /ˈsʌnˌsɛt/ n
zmierzch
attributively: of or relating to the final period of life
final period of life
zachód słońca
changes in color of sky at sunset
zachód słońca zmierzch
time of day

sunspot /ˈsʌnspɑt/ /ˈsʌnspɒt/ n
plama słoneczna
region on the sun's surface

suntan n
opalenizna
darkened coloration of the skin

suntan v
opalać się
to attempt to obtain a suntan
opalać się opalić się
to obtain a suntan

super /ˈs(j)upɚ/ /ˈs(j)uːpə(ɹ)/ adj
super
better than usual

superacid n
superkwas
medium having very high acidity

superb /sjuːˈpɜːb/ /suˈpɝb/ adj
znakomity
of the highest quality; exceptionally good

superbly adv
znakomicie
excellently

supercentenarian n
superstulatek
Someone aged 110 years or more

supercharger n
sprężarka mechaniczna
inlet air compressor for an internal combustion engine

supercilious /ˌs(j)uːpɚˈsɪli.əs/ /ˌsjuː.pə(ɹ)ˈsɪ.li.əs/ adj
wyniosły
showing contemptuous indifference

supercomputer n
superkomputer
computer that has great processing power

superconductor n
nadprzewodnik
a substance

superego /supɛɹiɡoʊ/ n
superego
part of the mind

superexcellent /ˌsuːpəˈɹɛksələnt/ adj
najdoskonalszy najświetniejszy
Uncommonly excellent

superexchange n
nadwymiana

superficial /ˌs(j)uːpəˈfɪʃəl/ /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/ adj
powierzchowny
shallow, lacking substance

superficially adv
powierzchownie
in a superficial manner

superfluous /suːˈpɜːflu.əs/ /suːˈpɝːflu.əs/ adj
nadmierny niepotrzebny zbyteczny
excess of what is sufficient

superheater n
przegrzewacz
component of boiler system

superhero n
superbohater
a fictional crime-fighting character with superpowers

superhuman adj
nadludzki
beyond what is possible for a human being

superior /suːˈpɪəɹi.ə(ɹ)/ /suːˈpɪɹiɚ/ n
przełożony zwierzchnik
person of higher rank

superlative /suˈpɝː.lə.tɪv/ /suːˈpɜː.lə.tɪv/ adj
doskonały znakomity
exceptionally good

superlative /suˈpɝː.lə.tɪv/ /suːˈpɜː.lə.tɪv/ n
stopień najwyższy superlatyw
form of adjective expressing "most"
superlatyw
highest degree of something

superlative degree n
stopień najwyższy
(grammar)

superman /ˈs(j)uːpəmæn/ /ˈsupɚmæn/ n
nadczłowiek
übermensch

supermarket /ˌsuːpəˈmɑːkɪt/ n
supermarket
store

supermassive black hole n
supermasywna czarna dziura
Any black hole with a large mass

supermodel n
supermodelka
famous fashion model

supermoderator n
super moderator
A moderator capable of moderating every forum on a web site

supermoon n
superksiężyc
a full moon or new moon, when the Earth–Moon distance is in the lowest tenth of its range

supernal /suˈpɝ.nəl/ /suːˈpɜː.nəl/ adj
cudowny
exalted, exquisite, superlative
niebiański
pertaining to heaven or to the sky

supernatural /ˌs(j)uːpəˈnatʃ(ə)ɹəl/ /ˌs(j)uːpɚˈnætʃɚəl/ /ˌs(j)ʉːpɘˈnɛtʃɹɯ(l)/ adj
nadnaturalny nadprzyrodzony
above nature

supernova n
supernowa
exploding star

superorder n
nadrząd
taxonomic category

superpower n
supermoc
fictional extraordinary ability
supermocarstwo
sovereign state

supersede /ˌsuːpəˈsiːd/ v
zamienić zastąpić
displace in favour of another
odłożyć unieważnić
set aside
zastąpić
take the place of

supersonic adj
naddźwiękowy
greater than the speed of sound

superstar n
supergwiazda wielka gwiazda
very famous person

superstition /ˌs(j)u.pɚˈstɪ.ʃən/ /ˌs(j)uː.pə(ɹ)ˈstɪ.ʃən/ n
przesąd zabobon
a belief that events may be influenced by one's behaviour in some magical or mystical way

superstitious /ˌs(j)u.pɚˈstɪ.ʃəs/ /ˌs(j)uː.pəˈstɪ.ʃəs/ adj
przesądny zabobonny
susceptible to superstitions

superstitiously adv
przesądnie
in a superstitious manner

supervisor /ˈsuːpɚˌvaɪzɚ/ n
naczelnik nadzorca
a person with the official task of overseeing the work of a person or group etc.

supper /ˈsʌpə/ /ˈsʌpɚ/ n
kolacja
dinner at night
kolacja wieczerza
food before going to bed

suppletion /səˈpliːʃən/ n
supletywizm
(grammar) the use of an unrelated word or phrase to supply inflected forms otherwise lacking

suppliant /ˈsʌpliənt/ adj
błagający błagalny proszalny

suppliant /ˈsʌpliənt/ n
suplikant
one who pleads or requests earnestly

supply and demand n
podaż i popyt
economic model of pricing

support /səˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /səˈpoət/ /səˈpɔɹt/ /səˈpɔːt/ n
wsparcie pomoc
answers and resolution of problems
wsparcie poparcie
financial or other help
nośnik
set of points where the function is not zero
podpora wspornik
something which supports

support /səˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /səˈpoət/ /səˈpɔɹt/ /səˈpɔːt/ v
popierać kibicować
to back a cause, party, etc., mentally or with concrete aid
wspierać
to keep from falling
to help, particularly financially

supporter /səˈpɔɹ.tɚ/ /səˈpɔː.tə/ n
trzymacze
animal or figure that supports a shield in a coat of arms

suppose /səˈpoʊz/ /səˈpəʊz/ /ˈspoʊz/ /ˈspəʊz/ v
przypuszczać przypuścić
conclude; believe

supposed /səˈpoʊst/ /səˈpoʊzd/ /səˈpoʊzɪd/ /səˈpəʊzd/ adj
domniemany rzekomy przypuszczalny
presumed to be true, but without proof

supposedly adv
podobno ponoć rzekomo
as a matter of supposition

supposition /ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃən/ n
założenie
assumption

suppository /səˈpɑzɪˌtɔɹi/ /səˈpɒzɪtəɹi/ n
czopek
medicine in the form of a small plug that is inserted into a bodily cavity

supraglacial adj
supraglacjalny
of, relating to, or situated or occurring at the surface of a glacier

supranational adj
ponadpaństwowy
of greater than national scope

supremacy /suˈpɹɛməsi/ n
supremacja
quality of being supreme

supreme court n
najwyższy sąd
court of law representing the highest legal authority within a jurisdiction

supremum n
kres górny supremum
element of a set greater than or equal to all members of a given subset

sura n
sura
chapter of the Qur'an

sure /sjuːɹ/ /ʃ(ə)ɹ/ /ʃoː/ /ʃɔː/ /ʃʊəɹ/ adj
pewny
certain in one's knowledge or belief
pewny pewien
certain, reliable

sure /sjuːɹ/ /ʃ(ə)ɹ/ /ʃoː/ /ʃɔː/ /ʃʊəɹ/ interjection
oczywiście naturalnie pewnie!
of course

surely /ˈʃʊəli/ /ˈʃʊɹli/ adv
na pewno niewątpliwie z pewnością
certainly, undoubtedly
pewnie
with confidence
without fail

surf /sɜːf/ /sɝf/ v
surfować
to browse the Internet

surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/ /ˈsɝːfəs/ n
powierzchnia
up-side of a flat object

surfer n
internauta surfer
person who surfs the Internet

surge /sɜːdʒ/ /sɝdʒ/ n
skok napięcia

surgeon /ˈsɜːdʒən/ /ˈsɝdʒən/ n
chirurg
doctor who performs surgery

surgery /ˈsɜːdʒəɹi/ /ˈsɝdʒəɹi/ n
gabinet lekarski
doctor's consulting room
chirurgia
medical specialty
operacja chirurgia
procedure involving major incisions

surgical /ˈsɜːdʒɪkəl/ /ˈsɝdʒɪkəl/ adj
chirurgiczny
of or relating to surgery
precise or very accurate

surjection /sɜː(ɹ).dʒɛk.ʃən/ n
suriekcja
function that is a many-to-one mapping

surjective adj
na suriektywny
of, relating, or being a surjection

surname /ˈsɜːneɪm/ /ˈsɝneɪm/ n
nazwisko
name that indicates family

surplice /ˈsɜːplɪs/ /ˈsɝplɪs/ n
komeżka komża
liturgical vestment

surprise /səˈpɹaɪz/ /sɚˈpɹaɪz/ n
niespodzianka
feeling that something unexpected has happened
niespodzianka zaskoczenie
something not expected
attributively: that is unexpected

surprise /səˈpɹaɪz/ /sɚˈpɹaɪz/ v
dziwić zaskoczyć
cause (someone) to feel surprise
zaskakiwać zaskoczyć
do something to (a person) that they are not expecting, as a surprise

surprised /səˈpɹaɪzd/ /sɚˈpɹaɪzd/ adj
zaskoczony zdziwiony
caused to feel surprise

surprising /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋ/ /sɚˈpɹaɪzɪŋ/ adj
cudowny
that is or are a surprise

surreal adj
surrealistyczny
having the intense reality of a dream

surrealism /səˈɹiː(.ə)l.ɪz.əm/ n
surrealizm
artistic movement and aesthetic philosophy

surrealist adj
surrealistyczny
of, or relating to surrealism

surrealist n
surrealista surrealistka
surrealist artist

surrealistically adv
surrealistycznie
in a surreal manner

surrender /səˈɹɛndəɹ/ n
kapitulacja
an act of surrendering

surrender /səˈɹɛndəɹ/ v
poddać się
intransitive or reflexive: to give oneself up into the power of another

surround /səˈɹaʊnd/ v
otaczać
to encircle something or simultaneously extend in all directions
to enclose to prevent escape

surrounding /səˈɹaʊndɪŋ/ adj
otaczający
which surrounds something

surveillance /səɹˈveɪ.ləns/ n
inwigilacja
observation of individuals or groups of individuals

survey /səˈveɪ/ /sɚˈveɪ/ /ˈsɜːveɪ/ /ˈsɝveɪ/ n
nadzór
act of surveying
ankieta
an examination
przegląd
an examination of the opinions of a group

surveyor n
geodeta
person occupied with the process of determining positions on the Earth's surface

survive /səˈvʌɪv/ /sɚˈvaɪv/ v
przeżyć
live longer than
live past a life-threatening event
object, concept: continue to exist
przeżyć przeżywać
person: continue to live

susceptibility /səˌsɛptəˈbɪlɪti/ n
czułość
emotional sensitivity
podatność
the condition of being susceptible

susceptible /səˈsɛptɪbl̩/ adj
wrażliwy
especially sensitive
podatny
likely to be affected by

sushi /ˈsuːʃi/ /ˈsʊʃi/ n
sushi
Japanese dish

suslik n
suseł
Spermophilus or Citellus

suspect /səsˈpɛkt/ /ˈsʌs.pɛkt/ adj
podejrzany
viewed with suspicion

suspect /səsˈpɛkt/ /ˈsʌs.pɛkt/ n
podejrzana podejrzany
person suspected of something

suspect /səsˈpɛkt/ /ˈsʌs.pɛkt/ v
podejrzewać
believe to be guilty

suspend one's disbelief v
świadome zawieszenie sceptycyzmu
willingly accept the premise of a story

suspender /səˈspɛndə/ /səˈspɛndɚ/ n
szelki
an item used hold up trousers

suspension bridge n
most wiszący
bridge where the deck or roadway is suspended from cables

suspicion /sə.ˈspɪ.ʃən/ n
podejrzenie
act of suspecting something or someone, especially of something wrong
condition of being suspected
imagining without evidence
cień poszlaka trop ślad
slight indication
podejrzliwość
uncertainty, doubt

suspicious /səˈspɪ.ʃəs/ adj
podejrzany
arousing suspicion
podejrzliwy nieufny
distrustful

sustain /səˈsteɪn/ v
podtrzymać
to maintain something
to provide for or nourish something

sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/ adj
możliwy do utrzymania podtrzymywalny
able to be sustained
able to be sustained: environmental term

sustainable development n
zrównoważony rozwój
development seeking to economic growth while ensuring future generations' ability to do the same, by not exceeding natural regenerative capacity

sutler /ˈsʌtlə/ /ˈsʌtləɹ/ n
markietan markietanka
a person who follows an army, selling provisions

svelte /ˈsvɛlt/ adj
smukły
attractively thin, slender

svirel n
żalejka
an old folk Russian wind instrument

swag /swæɡ/ v
maniera styl
(slang) style; a fashionable appearance or manner
zdobycz łup
burglar's or thief's booty; a boodle

swallow /ˈswɑ.loʊ/ /ˈswɒl.əʊ/ n
jaskółka dymówka
bird

swallow /ˈswɑ.loʊ/ /ˈswɒl.əʊ/ v
połykać połknąć
to cause to pass from the mouth into the stomach

swallow-tailed kite n
jaskólak
various species of kite native to the Americas

swallowtail /ˈswɒl.əʊˌteɪl/ n
paź królowej
butterfly
frak
tailcoat

swamp /swɑmp/ /swɒmp/ n
bagno błota bagnisko moczar trzęsawisko
type of wetland

swampy adj
bagnisty błotnisty
wet like a swamp

swan /swɑn/ /swɒn/ n
łabędź
waterfowl of the genus Cygnus

swan song n
łabędzi śpiew
a final performance

swap n
zamiana
exchange

swap v
zamieniać zamieniać się zamienić zamienić się
exchange or give (something) in exchange for

swarf /swɔɹf/ /swɔːf/ n
wiór

swarm /swɔɹm/ /swɔːm/ n
mrowie rój
a mass of people or animals in turmoil
rój
large number of insects

swastika /ˈswɑstɪkə/ /ˈswɒstɪkə/ /ˈswɔstɘkɘ/ n
swastyka
a cross with arms of equal length all bent halfway along at a 90° angle

swath /swɑθ/ /swɒθ/ n
pokos
The track cut out by a scythe in mowing

sway /sweɪ/ n
władza
Rule; dominion; control

sway /sweɪ/ v
rządzić
to influence or direct by power and authority
trząść
to move or swing from side to side; or backward and forward; to rock

swear /swɛə/ /swɛɚ/ v
przeklinać kląć przekląć skląć wyklinać zakląć
to curse, to use offensive language
przysięgać przysiąc kląć się przyrzec przyrzekać zaklinać się
to take an oath

swear like a trooper v
kląć jak szewc

swear word n
przekleństwo
impolite or offensive taboo word

sweat /swɛt/ n
pot
fluid that exits the body through pores

sweat /swɛt/ v
pocić się
to emit sweat
informal: to work hard

sweater /ˈswetə/ /ˈswɛtə/ /ˈswɛtɚ/ n
sweter
knitted jacket worn by athletes before or after exercise
sweter pulower
similar garment worn for warmth

sweatshirt n
bluza
loose shirt

sweatsuit n
dres
two-piece garment worn during exercise

sweaty /ˈswɛti/ [ˈswɛɾi] adj
spocony
covered in sweat

swede /swiːd/ n
brukiew
plant
yellow root of Brassica napus

sweep /swiːp/ v
zamiatać zamieść
to clean using a broom or brush

sweep something under the rug v
zamiatać pod dywan zamieść pod dywan
to conceal a problem expediently

sweet /swit/ /swiːt/ adj
słodzony słodki
containing a sweetening ingredient
miły uroczy
having a helpful disposition
having a pleasing disposition
słodki melodyjny
having a pleasant sound
słodki
having a pleasant taste
having a taste of sugar
not having a salty taste
of a wine: retaining a portion of sugar
having a pleasant smell

sweet /swit/ /swiːt/ adv
słodko
in a sweet manner

sweet /swit/ /swiːt/ n
cukierek słodycze
sugary confection

sweet dreams /ˌswiːt ˈdɹiːmz/ phraseologicalUnit
słodkich snów
sweet dreams

sweet flag n
ajer lepiech tatarak tatarak zwyczajny tatarskie ziele lepiecha
Acorus calamus

sweet potato n
batat
tuber
wilec ziemniaczany batat
vine

sweet woodruff n
przytulia wonna marzanka wonna
Asperula odorata

sweeten /ˈswiːtən/ v
słodzić
to make sweet to the taste

sweetener n
słodzik
food additive

sweetheart /ˈswitˌhɑɹt/ /ˈswiːtˌhɑːt/ n
kochanie sympatia ukochana ukochany
a person very much liked or loved by someone

sweetie /ˈswiːti/ n
kochanie
sweetheart

sweetness /ˈswiːtnəs/ n
słodycz
condition of being sweet or sugary
pleasant disposition

sweets n
słodycze
confectionery, candy

swell /swɛl/ n
falowanie
series of waves

swell /swɛl/ v
puchnąć powiększać pęcznieć
intransitive: to become bigger, especially due to being engorged

swerve /swɜː(ɹ)v/ /swɝv/ v
zbaczać zboczyć
to go out of a straight line
błądzić
to stray

swift /swɪft/ adj
szybki
fast; quick

swift /swɪft/ n
jerzyk
bird

swim /swɪm/ v
pływać płynąć
move through water

swim bladder n
pęcherz pławny
fish organ

swim cap n
czepek czepek pływacki
cap worn by swimmers

swimming /ˈswɪmɪŋ/ n
pływactwo pływanie
human activity of moving oneself through water

swimming pool /ˈswɪmɪŋ ˌpuːl/ n
basen
pool for swimming

swimming trunks n
kąpielówki spodenki kąpielowe
a pair of shorts or briefs worn for swimming or bathing

swimsuit n
strój kąpielowy

swindle /ˈswɪnd(ə)l/ v
szwindlować
to defraud someone

swine /swaɪn/ n
świnia
contemptible person

swineherd /ˈswɑɪnˌhɜːd/ n
świniopas
person who herds and tends swine, keeper of swine/pigs

swing /ˈswɪŋ/ n
huśtawka bujaczka bujawka
hanging seat

swing /ˈswɪŋ/ v
huśtać się
to ride on a swing

swish /swɪʃ/ v
szeleścić
to make a rustling sound while moving

switch /swɪtʃ/ n
wyłącznik przełącznik łącznik
device to turn electric current on and off
zwrotnica
movable section of railroad track

switch off v
wyłączyć wyłączać
turn switch to off position

switch on v
włączyć włączać
to turn a switch to the "on" position

swivel chair n
krzesło obrotowe

sword /so(ː)ɹd/ /soəd/ /sɔɹd/ /sɔːd/ n
miecz
weapon

sword of Damocles /ˈsɔɹd əv ˈdæməkliz/ n
miecz Damoklesa
thing or situation which causes a prolonged state of impending doom or misfortune

swordfish n
miecznik włócznik ryba miecz
Xiphias gladius

swot /swɑt/ /swɒt/ n
kujon
one who swots

sycamore /ˈsɪkəmɔɹ/ /ˈsɪkəmɔː/ n
platan
Platanus

sycamore maple n
jawor jawór
Acer pseudoplatanus

sycophant /ˈsɪkəfænt/ n
cmokier lizus pochlebca
one who uses compliments to gain self-serving favor or advantage from another person.

syllabary /ˈsɪləˌbɛɹi/ n
sylabariusz
system
table

syllable /ˈsɪləbəl/ n
sylaba zgłoska
unit of speech

syllabus /ˈsɪləbəs/ n
program nauczania
summary of topics

syllepsis /sɪˈlɛp.sɪs/ n
syllepsa
figure of speech

syllogism /ˈsɪlədʒɪz(ə)m/ n
sylogizm
inference from premises

sylph /sɪlf/ n
sylfida
A slender girl
sylf sylfida
The elemental being of air

symbiosis /sɪmbaɪˈoʊsɪs/ n
symbioza
relationship of mutual benefit

symbol /ˈsɪmbəl/ n
symbol
character or glyph
object meant to represent another
summary of a dogmatic statement of faith
type of noun

symbolic adj
symboliczny
pertaining to a symbol

symbolically /ˌsɪmˈbɑːlɪklɨ/ /ˌsɪmˈbɒlɪklɨ/ adv
symbolicznie
in a symbolic manner

symbolize /ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/ v
symbolizować
To be symbolic of; to represent

sympathectomy n
sympatektomia
surgical cutting of a nerve in the sympathetic nervous system

sympathetic nervous system n
układ współczulny
sympathetic nervous system

sympathy /ˈsɪmpəθi/ n
współczucie
feeling of pity or sorrow for the suffering or distress of another
sympatia
mutual relationship

symphonic /sɪɱˈfɑnɪk/ adj
symfoniczny
characteristic of a symphony

symphonist n
symfonista symfonistka
composer of symphonies

symphony /ˈsɪm.fə.ni/ n
symfonia
piece of orchestral music

symphony orchestra n
orkiestra symfoniczna
large orchestra that traditionally plays Western classical orchestral music

symptom /ˈsɪm(p)təm/ n
symptom objaw
figuratively: indicator of something
objaw symptom
something that indicates a disease or disorder

symptomatic adj
symptomatyczny
relating to a symptom

synaesthesia /ˌsɪn.əsˈθi.ʒə/ /ˌsɪn.ɪsˈθiː.ʒə/ n
synestezja
neurological or psychological phenomenon

synagogue /ˈsɪ.nəˌɡɑɡ/ n
synagoga bożnica
Jewish place of worship

synchrocyclotron /sɪŋkɹəʊˈsaɪklətɹɒn/ n
synchrocyklotron
particle accelerator

synchronised skating n
łyżwiarstwo synchroniczne
figure skating in a team

synchronised swimming n
pływanie synchroniczne
swimming event

synchronization n
synchronizacja
the state or property of being synchronized

synchronize /ˈsɪŋ.kɹə.naɪz/ /ˈsɪŋ.kɹə.naɪːz/ v
synchronizować
cause two events to have coordinated timing

synclinal n
synklina
synclinal fold

syncope /ˈsɪŋkəpi/ n
synkopa
absence of a sound
missed beat or off-beat stress

syncretism /ˈsɪŋkɹəˌtɪsm/ n
synkretyzm
fusion of different systems or beliefs
fusion of different inflexional forms

syndesmosis n
więzozrost
movable articulation

syndicalism n
syndykalizm
the belief that capitalism should be replaced with labor unions

syndicalist n
syndykalista
believer in the principles of syndicalism

syndrome /ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ /ˈsɪndɹəm/ /ˈsɪndɹəʊm/ n
syndrom zespół
recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours

synecdoche /sɪˈnɛk.də.ki/ n
synekdocha
figure of speech that uses the name of a part of something to represent the whole

synonym /ˈsɪnənɪm/ n
synonim
word with same meaning as another
in botanical nomenclature
in zoological nomenclature

synopsis /sɪˈnɑpsɪs/ /sɪˈnɒpsɪs/ n
streszczenie
brief summary

syntactic sugar n
cukier składniowy cukier syntaktyczny lukier składniowy lukier syntaktyczny

syntagma /sɪnˈtæɡmə/ n
syntagma
syntactic string of words
sequence of linguistic units

syntax /ˈsɪn.tæks/ n
składnia syntaksa
study of the structure of phrases and sentences
formal rules of a computer language
set of rules that govern how words are combined

synthesizer /ˈsɪn.θəˌsaɪ.zə(ɹ)/ /ˈsɪn.θəˌsaɪ.zɚ/ n
syntezator
music: an electronic keyboard instrument

synthetic /sɪnˈθɛtɪk/ adj
syntetyczny sztuczny
artificial, not genuine
syntetyczny
of, or relating to synthesis

syphilis /ˈsɪfɪlɪs/ n
kiła syfilis
sexual disease caused by Treponema pallidum

syringe /səˈɹɪndʒ/ n
strzykawka
hypodermic syringe

syringomyelia n
jamistość rdzenia syringomyelia
disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord

syrup /ˈsɪ.ɹəp/ n
syrop
thick liquid that has a high sugar content

system /ˈsɪstəm/ n
system układ
collection of organized things; whole composed of relationships among its members

system of equations n
układ równań
set of equations

systematic /ˌsɪs.təˈmæt.ɪk/ adj
systematyczny planowy
carried out using a planned, ordered procedure
systematyczny
of, or relating to taxonomic classification
systemowy
of, relating to, or being a system

systematically adv
systematycznie
in an organized manner

systematize /ˈsɪstəməˌtaɪz/ v
usystematyzować uporządkować
to arrange into a systematic order

syzygy /ˈsɪz.ɪdʒ.i/ n
syzygium
astronomical conjunction

szlachcic n
szlachcianka szlachcic
(historical) a Polish (or Lithuanian) nobleman

séance /ˈseɪˌɑns/ n
seans
a ceremony where people try to communicate with the spirits

ta-da interjection
tadam
behold!

tab /tæb/ v
zakładka karta
navigational widget in a GUI

tabernacle n
tabernakulum
portable tent used before the construction of the temple
small ornamented cupboard or box used for the sacrament of the Eucharist

table /ˈteɪbəl/ n
tabela
grid of data in rows and columns
collection of arithmetic calculations
stół
item of furniture

table of contents n
spis treści
organized list summarizing book or document

table salt n
sól kuchenna
salt to season food

table tennis n
tenis stołowy ping-pong
game similar to tennis

tablecloth n
obrus
a cloth used to cover and protect a table, especially for a dining table

tablespoon /ˈteɪbəlˌspun/ /ˈteɪbəlˌspuːn/ n
łyżka łyżka stołowa
a large spoon, used for eating food
a unit of measure

tablet computer n
tablet
a type of computer

tabloid n
tabloid
A newspaper that favours stories of sensational nature

taboo /təˈbuː/ n
tabu
inhibition or ban

taboret /ˈtæbəɹɛt/ n
taboret
a low stool

tachometer /təˈkɒmətə(ɹ)/ n
obrotomierz tachometr
device for measuring rpm

tachycardia /tæ.kɪˈkɑː(ɹ).di.ə/ /tæ.kɪˈkɑːɹ.di.ə/ n
tachykardia
rapid resting heart rate

tachyon /ˈtæki.ɒn/ n
tachion
hypothetical particle

tacit /ˈtæsɪt/ adj
milczący cichy
Done or made in silence; implied, but not expressed; silent

tack /tak/ /tæk/ n
zwrot na wiatr zwrot przez sztag
nautical: maneuver

tackle /ˈtækəl/ v
radzić sobie stawiać czoła zmagać się
to face or deal with

tacky /ˈtæki/ adj
lepki
slightly sticky
tandetny
colloquial: of low quality

tact n
takt
sensitive mental touch

tactic /ˈtæktɪk/ n
taktyka
action to achieve some end

tactical adj
taktyczny
of or relating to tactics

tactics n
taktyka
the employment of forces

tactile /ˈtæktaɪl/ adj
dotykowy
of, or relating to the sense of touch

tadpole /ˈtædpoʊl/ n
kijanka
toad or frog larva

taffeta /ˈtæ.fɨ.tə/ n
tafta
woven fabric

tag /teɪɡ/ /tæɡ/ n
znacznik
(Computing) Element of markup language
metka etykieta
small label

tag /teɪɡ/ /tæɡ/ v
oznaczyć
to label

tahini /tɑːˈhiː.ni/ n
tahini
sesame paste

taiga /ˈtaɪɡə/ n
tajga
subarctic zone of coniferous forest

taikonaut n
tajkonauta
Chinese astronaut

tail /teɪl/ n
ogon chwost
appendage of an animal
ogon
comet tail
rear of an aircraft

tail between one's legs adv
z podwiniętym ogonem z uszami spuszczonymi po sobie
defeated; in a cowardly or miserable manner

tailcoat /ˈteɪlkoʊt/ n
frak
formal evening jacket

taillight n
tylne światło
rear mounted lights on a vehicle

tailor /ˈteɪlə/ /ˈteɪlɚ/ n
krawiec krawcowa krawczyni szwoczka
person who makes, repairs, or alters clothing as profession

tailor's chalk n
kreda krawiecka
chalk-like material used for marking alterations on fabric

tailoress n
krawcowa
female tailor

tailoring n
krawiectwo
work of a tailor

tailpiece n
płużka strunnik strunociąg
secures strings on a musical instrument

tails n
reszka
side of coin

tajine /təˈʒin/ /təˈʒiːn/ n
tażin
stew originally from Morocco

taka n
taka
national currency of Bangladesh

take /teɪk/ n
branie wzięcie
act of taking

take /teɪk/ v
wybrać brać
to choose
zawładnąć brać
to gain a position by force
brać wziąć
to get into one's possession
to have sex with
wziąć brać
to grab and move to oneself
wziąć brać jąć
to grab with the hands
brać przyjmować zażywać
to ingest medicine

take French leave v
wyjść po angielsku
take French leave

take a leak v
odlać się

take care v
uważać
be cautious, careful

take heart interjection
głowa do góry

take into account v
brać pod uwagę wziąć pod uwagę
to consider or regard; to include

take it easy v
trzymaj się
farewell
wyluzuj się
relax (imperative)

take it out on v
wyżywać się
unleash one's anger

take it up the ass v
zostać wydymanym w dupę zostać wyjebanym w dupe zostać wyruchanym w dupę
To be cheated or treated unfairly
brać do dupy brać w dupę
To be the recipient of anal sex

take one's leave v
pożegnać żegnać
say goodbye

take out v
załatwić zlikwidować zniszczyć
slang: to kill or destroy
zabierać zabrać
to escort someone on a date
usunąć usuwać wyjmować wyjąć wyrzucać wyrzucić
to remove

take part v
brać udział uczestniczyć wziąć udział
participate or join
brać udział uczestniczyć
share or partake

take place v
mieć miejsce
to happen

take something to the grave v
zabrać ze sobą do grobu
to never reveal a secret to one's death

take the bull by the horns v
złapać byka za rogi
to deal directly with a matter; to confront a difficulty

take the liberty v
pozwalać
act on one's own authority

take to heart v
wziąć sobie do serca
to take something seriously

take to one's heels v
wziąć nogi za pas
to flee or run away

taken /ˈteɪkən/ adj
zajęta zajęty
informal: in a relationship

tale /ˈteɪl/ n
opowieść
type of story

talent /ˈtalənt/ /ˈtælənt/ n
talent
marked ability or skill

talented adj
utalentowany
endowed with talents

talisman /ˈtæl.ɪsˌmæn/ n
talizman
magical protective charms

talk /toːk/ /tɑk/ /tɔk/ /tɔːk/ n
rozmowa
conversation
temat
major topic of social discussion

talk /toːk/ /tɑk/ /tɔk/ /tɔːk/ v
mówić
to communicate by speech

talk down v
targować się
negotiate
patrzeć z góry
patronize

talk shop v
rozmawiać o pracy
discuss one's work

talk show n
talk-show
TV or radio programme in which a host converses with guests

talkative /ˈtɑːkədɪv/ /ˈtɔːkətɪv/ adj
gadatliwy rozmowny
tending to talk or speak freely or often

talkativeness n
gadatliwość
the state of being talkative

tall /tɑl/ /tɔl/ /tɔːl/ adj
wysoki
of a person
of a building

tall order /ˈtɔl ˈɔɹdɚ/ /ˈtɔːl ˈɔːdə/ n
grubsza sprawa grubszy interes nie byle co nie lada wyczyn
big job, difficult challenge

tallow /tæləʊ/ n
łój
hard animal fat obtained

talon /ˈtælən/ n
pazur szpon
hooked claw

tamada /ˈtɑːmədə/ n
tamada
toastmaster

tamarisk n
tamaryszek
shrub of the genus Tamarix

tambourine /ˌtæm.bəˈɹiːn/ n
tamburyn
percussion instrument

tambourinist n
tamburynista
someone who plays the tambourine

tame /teɪm/ adj
oswojony
not wild

tame /teɪm/ v
oswajać
to make something tame

tamer /ˈteɪmɚ/ n
pogromca pogromczyni poskramiacz poskramiaczka poskromiciel poskromicielka
one who tames or subdues

tamp /tæmp/ v
ubijać ubić
pack down

tan /tæn/ adj
opalony
dark skin

tan /tæn/ n
opalenizna
darkening of skin

tan /tæn/ v
opalać się opalić się
to become tan due to exposure to sun
garbować
to turn animal hide into leather

tangent /ˈtæn.dʒənt/ n
styczna
in geometry
tangens
in trigonometry
punkt wspólny
nearly unrelated topic

tangible /ˈtæn(d)ʒɪb(ə)l/ /ˈtændʒəbəl/ adj
zrozumiały
comprehensible by the mind; understandable
konkretny
possible to be treated as fact
dotykalny namacalny
touchable, palpable

tangle /ˈtæŋ.ɡəl/ n
konflikt spór
argument, conflict, dispute, or fight
zamęt
complicated or confused state or condition
plątanina
tangled twisted mass

tangle /ˈtæŋ.ɡəl/ v
plątać się poplątać się splątać się
to become mixed together or intertwined

tank /tæŋk/ n
czołg
armoured fighting vehicle
zbiornik
closed container for fluids
bak
fuel reservoir

tank destroyer n
niszczyciel czołgów

tank engine n
tendrzak
type of steam locomotive

tanker n
czołgista czołgistka
member of a tank crew
cysterna
tank truck
tankowiec zbiornikowiec
vessel

tankette n
tankietka
A small tank

tankini n
tankini
tank top and the lower half of a bikini

tanner /ˈtænɚ/ n
garbarz
person whose occupation is to tan

tannic adj
taninowy
pertaining to tannins

tannic acid n
kwas taninowy
any of various complex phenols

tannin /ˈtænɪn/ n
tanina
tannic acid

tansy /ˈtanzi/ /ˈtæn.zi/ n
wrotycz
plant of the genus Tanacetum

tantalize /ˈtæntəlaɪz/ v
mamić nęcić
to tease someone by offering something desirable but keeping it out of reach

tantalum /ˈtæntələm/ n
tantal
A metallic chemical element with an atomic number of 73.

tantamount /ˈtæn.təˌmaʊnt/ adj
równoważny
equivalent in meaning or effect

tantric sex n
seks tantryczny
form of sexual intercourse founded on Indian mysticism

tantrum /ˈtæntɹəm/ n
histeria
often childish display of bad temper

tap /tæp/ /tɐːp/ n
zawór główny
connection of a system to the main distribution
gwintownik
device to cut internal threads
kran kurek zawór
device to dispense liquid

tap /tæp/ /tɐːp/ v
wykorzystywać
to access a resource or object
gwintować
to cut an internal screw thread
napoczynać spuszczać płyn
to draw off liquid from a vessel
podsłuchiwać
to intercept communication
założyć podsłuch
to place a listening device
klepnąć stuknąć
to touch something, often repeatedly

tap water n
kranówka woda kranowa
water from a tap

tape /teɪ̯p/ n
taśma
video or audiocassette tape

tape measure n
taśma miernicza
graduated ribbon for length measurement

tape recorder n
magnetofon
an electromechanical device use to record and play back sound

tapeworm /ˈteɪpˌwɝm/ n
tasiemiec
parasitical worm of the class Cestoda

tapir /ˈteɪpiːə(ɹ)/ n
tapir
large odd-toed ungulate with a long prehensile upper lip of the family Tapiridae

tappet n
popychacz
lever or projection intended to tap or touch something

tar /tɑɹ/ /tɑː/ n
smoła
byproduct of tobacco smoke
coal tar
smoła dziegieć
substance

tarantass /taɹənˈtas/ n
tarantas
a low horse-drawn carriage without springs used in Russia

tarantula /təˈɹænt͡ʃələ/ n
tarantula
wolf spider

target /tɑːɡɪt/ /ˈtɑɹɡɪt/ n
tarcza
butt or mark to shoot at
cel
goal or objective

target /tɑːɡɪt/ /ˈtɑɹɡɪt/ v
celować wycelować
to aim something (especially a weapon) at a target

target group n
grupa docelowa
group of people

tariff /ˈtæɹəf/ /ˈtæɹɪf/ /ˈtɛɹəf/ n
taryfa
duties imposed

tarn /tɑɹn/ /tɑːn/ n
jezioro cyrkowe jezioro karowe
small mountain lake

taro /ˈtæɹəʊ/ /ˈtɛɹoʊ/ n
taro
Colocasia esculenta

tarpaper n
papa
heavy paper coated with tar

tarpaulin /tɑˈpɔː.lɪn/ /ˈtɑːɹpəlɪn/ n
brezent
heavy, waterproof sheet of material

tarragon /ˈtæɹəɡɑn/ /ˈtæɹəɡən/ /ˈtɛɹəɡɑn/ n
estragon
perennial herb Artemisia dracunculus
the leaves of Artemisia dracunculus

tarsier n
wyrakowate
insectivorous primate

tart /tɑɹt/ /tɑːt/ adj
cierpki
with sharp taste, sour

tart /tɑɹt/ /tɑːt/ n
tarta
pie, pastry

tartan /tɑɹtən/ /tɑːtən/ n
tartan
woollen cloth with a distinctive pattern

tartar /ˈtɑɹ.tɚ/ /ˈtɑː.tə/ n
kamień winny
red compound deposited during wine making

tartare sauce n
sos tatarski
sauce served with fish

tarte Tatin /ˌtɑɹt tæˈtæ̃/ /ˌtɑːt taˈtã/ n
tarta Tatin
upside-down cake prepared with caramelized apples

task /tæsk/ /tɑːsk/ n
zadanie
piece of work done as part of one’s duties
process or execution of a program

tassel /ˈtæsəl/ n
frędzel kutas
ball-shaped bunch of plaited or otherwise entangled threads

taste /teɪst/ n
smak gust
implicit set of preferences
smak
one of the sensations produced by the tongue

taste /teɪst/ v
smakować
to have a taste
to sample the flavor of something

tastebud n
kubek smakowy
a small organ on the tongue used for tasting

tatterdemalion /tætədəˈmeɪliɒn/ n
obdartus oberwaniec obszarpaniec łachmaniarz łachmyta łapserdak
person with tattered clothing

tattletale adj
skarżypyta
telltale

tattletale n
skarżypyta
one who tattles

tattoo /tæˈtu(ː)/ n
tatuaż
an image made in the skin with ink and a needle

tattoo /tæˈtu(ː)/ v
robić tatuaż tatuować
to apply a tattoo

tattoo artist n
tatuażysta tatuator tatuatorka tatuażystka
tattoo artist

taunt /tɑnt/ /tɑːnt/ /tɔnt/ /tɔːnt/ n
drwina
a scornful or mocking remark

tauon n
taon
particle

taut /tɑt/ /tɔt/ /tɔːt/ adj
napięty naprężony
under tension

tautogram n
tautogram

tautology /tɔˈtɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/ /tɔˈtɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/ n
tautologia
in logic
tautologia pleonazm
uncountable: redundant use of words

tavern /ˈtævən/ /ˈtævɚn/ n
tawerna karczma
bar

tawny owl /ˈtɔːni aʊl/ n
puszczyk
Strix aluco

tax /tæks/ n
podatek
money paid to government

tax /tæks/ v
opodatkowywać opodatkować
to impose and collect a tax

tax haven n
raj podatkowy
country that levies low taxes on foreign businesses

tax return n
deklaracja podatkowa zeznanie podatkowe
report determining amount of taxation

taxation /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/ n
opodatkowanie
act of imposing taxes and the fact of being taxed

taxi /ˈtæk.si/ n
taksówka taxi
vehicle

taxi driver n
taksówkarz taksówkarka
person who drives a taxicab

taxi stand n
postój taksówek
place for taxicabs to wait

taxidermist n
wypychacz
one who practices taxidermy

taxidermy /ˈtæksɪdɚmi/ n
taksydermia
art of stuffing dead animals

taxiway n
droga kołowania
road or path on an airport for taxiing

taxonomy /tækˈsɑːnəmi/ /tækˈsɒnəmi/ n
taksonomia
science of finding, describing, classifying and naming organisms
classification in a hierarchical system

tea /ti/ /tiː/ n
filiżanka herbaty herbata
cup of this drink
herbata
drink made from leaves of tea plant
dried leaves of tea plant
drink made from other plants
cup of drink made from other plants
podwieczorek
light afternoon meal

tea ceremony n
ceremonia herbaciana ceremonia herbaty
detailed ritual in Japan or Asia for preparing, serving and drinking tea

tea leaf n
liść herbaty
leaf of the tea plant

teabag n
torebka herbaty
sachet of tea

teach /tiːt͡ʃ/ v
uczyć
to pass on knowledge

teach grandma how to suck eggs v
uczyć ojca dzieci robić
teach an expert

teacher /ˈtit͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtiːt͡ʃə/ n
nauczycielka
a female person who teaches
nauczyciel
person who teaches

teacup /tiː.kʌp/ n
filiżanka
cup for drinking tea

teahouse n
herbaciarnia
a cafe that sells tea

teak /tiːk/ n
teczyna wyniosła
tree

teakettle n
czajnik imbryk sagan
a vessel for boiling water for tea

teal n
barwa morska
colour

team /tiːm/ n
drużyna zespół ekipa
group of people
zaprzęg
set of draught animals

teapot n
czajnik imbryk
vessel for tea

tear n
łza
drop of clear salty liquid from the eyes

tear v
drzeć się podrzeć się porwać się rwać się
become torn
oderwać odrywać zerwać zrywać
remove by tearing
drzeć rwać
rend
burzyć zburzyć
to demolish; to tear down

tear gas /ˈtɪəɡæs/ n
gaz łzawiący
chemical compound

teardrop /ˈtɪədɽɒp/ n
łza
single tear

teasel n
szczeć
plant

teaspoon /ˈtiˌspun/ n
łyżeczka łyżeczka do herbaty
small spoon
łyżeczka
unit of measure

teat /tiːt/ n
smoczek
feeding bottle top
brodawka sutkowa sutek sutka
projection of mammary gland

technetium /tɛkˈni.ʃi.əm/ n
technet
chemical element

technical /ˈtɛk.nɪk.əl/ adj
techniczny
pertaining to the useful or mechanic arts

technical support n
obsługa techniczna pomoc techniczna wsparcie techniczne
services providing assistance with technology

technical term n
pojęcie techniczne technicyzm termin techniczny
word that has a specific meaning within a specific field of expertise

technically adv
właściwie
based on precise facts
technicznie
having certain skills

technician /tekˈnɪʃən/ n
technik
occupation

technique /tɛkˈniːk/ n
technika
practical aspects of a given art

techno /ˈtɛknoʊ/ n
techno
style of music

technocracy /tɛkˈnɒkɹəsi/ n
technokracja
a system of governance where people who are skilled or proficient govern in their respective areas of expertise

technological adj
technologiczny
of, relating to, or involving technology

technologically adv
technologicznie
in a technological manner

technologist /tɛkˈnɑləd͡ʒɪst/ /tɛkˈnɒləd͡ʒɪst/ n
technolog technolożka
a scientist or engineer who specializes in a particular technology

technology /tɛkˈnɑlədʒi/ /tɛkˈnɒlədʒi/ n
technologia
the study of or a collection of techniques
a particular technological concept
body of tools

tectonic adj
tektoniczny
(geology) relating to large-scale movements

teddy bear n
pluszowy miś
a stuffed toy bear

tedious /ˈti.di.əs/ /ˈtiː.dɪəs/ adj
nudny nużący żmudny
boring, monotonous

tedium /ˈtiː.di.əm/ n
nuda
boredom or tediousness; ennui

teenage /ˈtiːnɪd͡ʒ/ adj
nastoletni
of an age between 13 and 19

teenager /ˈtiːnˌeɪ.dʒə(ɹ)/ n
nastolatek nastolatka
person aged between thirteen and nineteen

teepee /ˈtiːpi/ n
tipi
cone-shaped tent

teetotaler /ˈtitoʊtəlɚ/ /ˈtiːtəʊtələ/ n
abstynentka abstynent
person who completely abstains from alcohol

teetotaller /ˈtitoʊtəlɚ/ /ˈtiːtəʊtələ/ n
abstynent abstynentka
person who completely abstains from alcohol

teff /tɛf/ n
miłka abisyńska
grain

telegram /ˈtɛləˌɡɹæm/ n
telegram depesza
message sent by telegraph

telegraph /ˈtɛl.ə.ɡɹæf/ n
telegraf
apparatus, or a process, for communicating

telegraphic adj
telegraficzny
of, or relating to the telegraph

telekinesis /ˌtɛləkɪˈniːsɪs/ n
telekineza
ability to move objects with the power of one's thoughts

telemetry n
telemetria
the science, and associated technology, of automatic recording

telencephalon /ˌtɛlənˈsɛfəlɒn/ /ˌtɛlənˈsɛfələn/ n
kresomózgowie
the anterior part of the forebrain

telepathic /ˌtɛlɪˈpæθɪk/ adj
telepatyczny
of, relating to, or using telepathy

telepathy /tɛˈlɛpəθi/ n
telepatia
communication by psychic means

telephone /ˈtɛləfoʊn/ /ˈtɛlɪfəʊn/ n
telefon
a device used for two-way talking with other people

telephone /ˈtɛləfoʊn/ /ˈtɛlɪfəʊn/ v
telefonować dzwonić
to call someone

telephone booth n
budka telefoniczna
a small enclosure housing a public telephone

telephone call n
połączenie telefoniczne
connection
rozmowa telefoniczna
conversation

telephone number n
numer telefonu
digits assigned to a telephone

teleportation n
teleportacja
process of moving matter from one point to another

telescope /ˈtɛləˌskoʊp/ /ˈtɛlɪskəʊp/ n
teleskop
optical instrument that magnifies

teletype n
dalekopis
teleprinter

television /ˈtɛlɪˌvɪʒən/ n
telewizor telewizja
device for receiving television signals
telewizja telewizor
medium
telewizja
program broadcasting

television program n
program telewizyjny
The content of an individual television broadcasting.

television show n
program telewizyjny
live or recorded TV broadcast or program

television station n
stacja telewizyjna
studio from where a television channel is broadcasted

tell /tɛl/ v
mówić powiedzieć rzec
to pass information

tell me about it phraseologicalUnit
opowiedz mi o tym
used to express agreement and sympathy with previous speaker's statement

tell on v
poskarżyć skarżyć
to tell someone that someone else has done something wrong

teller /ˈtɛlə/ /ˈtɛləɹ/ n
kasjer kasjerka
bank clerk who receives and pays out money

tellurium /tɪˈljʊəɹiəm/ n
tellur
chemical element

telomere /ˈtɛləmɪəɹ/ n
telomer
either of the sequences of DNA at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome

temperance n
umiarkowanie powściągliwość
Tarot card

temperature /ˈtɛmp(ə)ɹətʃə(ɹ)/ n
temperatura
a measure of cold or heat
the temperature of the immediate environment
in thermodynamics
gorączka
elevated body temperature

tempest /ˈtɛmpəst/ n
burza
storm

tempest in a teapot n
burza w szklance wody
big fuss made in a small context

template /ˈtɛmplɪt/ n
szablon
physical object

temple /ˈtɛmp(ə)l/ n
świątynia
place of worship
skroń
region of skull

tempo /ˈtɛm.pəʊ/ n
tempo
music: number of beats per minute
frequency or rate

temporal /ˈtɛm.pəɹ.əl/ adj
czasowy
of or relating to time

temporarily /ˌtɛmpəˈɹɛɹəli/ adv
prowizorycznie
tymczasowo
for a limited period of time

temporary /ˈtɛmpəɹəɹi/ /ˈtɛmpəˌɹɛɹi/ adj
tymczasowy krótkoczasowy krótkotrwały
for a limited time, ephemeral, not constant

tempt /tɛmpt/ v
nęcić
to attract, allure
judzić podjudzić
to provoke
kusić
to provoke someone to do wrong

temptation /tɛmpˈteɪʃən/ n
pokuszenie kuszenie
act of tempting
condition of being tempted
pokusa
something attractive, tempting or seductive

tempter n
uwodziciel
Male seducer
kusiciel
Someone that tempts

temptress n
uwodzicielka
An alluring woman who seduces or exploits men

tempura /ˈtɛmpʊɹə/ n
tempura
dish made by deep-frying food in a light batter

ten /tɛn/ /tɪn/ n
dziesiątka dycha
the number following nine

ten /tɛn/ /tɪn/ numeral
dziesięć dziesięcioro
the cardinal number occurring after 9 and before 11

ten thousand numeral
dziesięć tysięcy
10,000

ten-thousandth adj
dziesięciotysięczny
the ordinal form of the number ten thousand

tenacious /təˈneɪʃəs/ adj
uparty
unwilling to yield from a point of view etc; dogged

tenancy n
dzierżawa najem
occupancy of property, etc.

tenant /ˈtɛ.nənt/ n
najemca dzierżawca
one who pays a fee in return for the use of land, etc.

tench /tɛnt͡ʃ/ n
lin
species of freshwater game fish

tendency /ˈtɛndənsi/ n
tendencja
likelihood of behaving in a particular way

tender /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈtɛn.də/ /ˈtɛn.dɚ/ adj
delikatny
soft and easily chewed

tender /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/ /ˈtɛn.də/ /ˈtɛn.dɚ/ n
tender
fuel-carrying railroad car
oferta przetargowy
law: an offer to buy or sell something
środek płatniczy
means of payment

tenderizer n
tłuczek do mięsa
a form of mallet used to beat meat before cooking

tenderloin steak n
polędwica
Any of several steaks cut from the tenderest part of the loin of beef

tenderly /ˈtɛn.də.li/ /ˈtɛn.dɚ.li/ adv
czule
in a tender manner

tenderness /ˈtɛn.də.nɪs/ /ˈtɛn.dɚ.nɪs/ n
czułość
a tendency to express warm, compassionate feelings

tendinitis /ˈtɛndn̩ˌaɪ.tɪs/ n
zapalenie ścięgien
inflammation of a tendon

tendon /ˈtɛndən/ n
ścięgno
tough band of inelastic fibrous tissue that connects a muscle with its bony attachment

tendril /ˈtɛn.dɹəl/ n
kosmyk
hair-like tentacle
wąs
thin, spirally coiling stem

tenement n
kamienica czynszowa
a building that is rented to multiple tenants, especially a low-rent, run-down one

tenet /ˈtɛnɪt/ n
zasada dogmat
an opinion, belief or principle

tenner /tɛnə(ɹ)/ n
dycha
note worth ten basic units of currency

tennessine /ˈtɛn.əˌsiːn/ n
tenes
chemical element with atomic number 117

tennis /ˈtɛ.nɪs/ n
tenis tenis ziemny
sport played by two or four players with strung racquets

tennis player n
tenisistka tenisista
a person who plays tennis

tenor clef n
klucz tenorowy

tense /tɛns/ n
czas
verb forms distinguishing time

tensor n
tensor
(mathematics, physics) function of several variables
(mathematics, physics) image of a tuple under a tensor product map
(mathematics, physics) matrix of matrices

tensorial adj
tensorowy

tent /tɛnt/ /tɪnt/ n
namiot
portable lodge

tent peg n
śledź
peg, to hold a rope that supports a tent

tentacle /ˈtɛntəkəl/ n
macka
elongated, boneless, flexible appendage

tentacular /tɛnˈtækjuːlə(ɹ)/ adj
mackowaty
resembling a tentacle or tentacles

tentative /ˈtɛntətɪv/ adj
prowizoryczny
of or pertaining to a trial or trials; essaying; experimental
niepewny prowizoryczny
uncertain

tenth /tɛnθ/ /tɪnθ/ adj
dziesiąty
ordinal form of ten

tenure /ˈtɛn.jɚ/ /ˈtɛn.jʊə/ n
kadencja
period of time possessed

tepid /ˈtɛpɪd/ adj
letni
lukewarm

terasecond n
terasekunda
1,000,000,000,000 seconds

teratoid /ˈtɛɹ.ə.tɔɪd/ adj
monstrualny teratoidalny
monster-like, exhibiting abnormal development

teratoid /ˈtɛɹ.ə.tɔɪd/ n
teratoid
an abnormal tumor

terbium /ˈtɜːɹbiəm/ n
terb
chemical element

tercel gentle n
maisz maiz maiż
trained male falcon

term /tɜːm/ /tɝm/ n
warunek
limitation, restriction or regulation
termin określenie
word or phrase, especially one from a specialised area of knowledge

terminal /ˈtɚmɪnəl/ adj
graniczny końcowy
appearing at the end
śmiertelny
resulting in death

terminal /ˈtɚmɪnəl/ n
terminal
airport building
computer program that emulates a terminal
device for entering data into a computer
dworzec czołowy
railway station

termination /tɚmɪˈneɪʃən/ n
końcówka
the last part (or morpheme) of a word

terminology /ˌtɚməˈnɑləd͡ʒi/ /ˌtɜːməˈnɒləd͡ʒi/ n
terminologia
doctrine of terms
terms used in any business, art, etc

termite /ˈtɜː(ɹ).maɪt/ n
termit
insect

tern /tɜːn/ /tɝn/ n
rybitwa
bird of family Sternidae

terrace /ˈtɛɹəs/ n
taras
platform that extends outwards from a building

terraforming n
terraformowanie
planetary engineering

terrain n
teren
area

terrestrial /təˈɹɛstɹi.əl/ adj
naziemny
broadcast with radio waves
nadziemny
living or growing on land; not aquatic
ziemski
of, relating to, or inhabiting the Earth or its inhabitants

terrible /ˈtɛ.ɹə.bl̩/ adv
okropny straszny przerażający straszliwy
dreadful; causing alarm or fear
straszny
intense; extreme in degree or extent
groźny
most formidable
okropny
unpleasant
kiepski okropny
very bad

terribly /ˈtɛɹ.ɪ.bli/ adv
okropnie
in a terrible manner
very; extremely

terrier n
terier
dog

terrific /təˈɹɪfɪk/ adj
wspaniały świetny
frighteningly good

territory /ˈtɛɹɪt(ə)ɹi/ /ˈtɛɹɪˌtɔɹi/ n
rewir
area which an animal defends
terytorium
large tract of land

terror /ˈtɛɚ/ /ˈtɛɹə/ /ˈtɛɹɚ/ n
terror
action or quality of causing dread

terrorism /ˈtɛɹəɹɪzəm/ n
terroryzm
use of terror as a means of coercion

terrorist /ˈtɛɹəɹɪst/ adj
terrorystyczny
of or relating to terrorism

terrorist /ˈtɛɹəɹɪst/ n
terrorysta terrorystka terroryści
person who uses terror as a weapon in a political struggle

terrorize /ˈtɛɹəɹaɪz/ v
terroryzować
fill with terror

terse /tɜːs/ /tɝːs/ adj
krótki
abruptly or brusquely short
jędrny lakoniczny lapidarny zwięzły
brief, concise, to the point

tertiary /ˈtɜː.ʃi.ə.ɹiː/ /ˈtɝ.ʃi.æ.ɹi/ n
tercjarka tercjarz
Roman Catholicism: member of a third order

terza rima /ˌtɛːtsə ˈɹiːmə/ /ˌtɝtsə ˈɹimə/ n
tercyna
arrangement of triplets rhyming aba bcb cdc

teschenite n
cieszynit
rock

tesla /ˈtɛslə/ n
tesla
Unit of measurement of magnetic flux density

test /test/ /tɛst/ n
sprawdzian
academics: examination
test sprawdzian
product examination

test card n
obraz kontrolny
broadcast test signal

test tube n
probówka próbówka
glass tube

testament /ˈtɛst.ə.mənt/ n
testament
document containing a person's will

testator /tɛsˈteɪ.tɚ/ n
testator
One who dies having made a legally valid will

testicle /ˈtɛstɪkəl/ n
jądro jajo
male sex gland

testicular /tɛsˈtɪkjələ/ adj
jądrowy
pertaining to the testicles

testify v
zeznawać
to make a declaration, or give evidence, under oath

testimony /ˈtɛstɪmoʊni/ /ˈtɛstɪməni/ n
zeznanie świadectwo
account of first-hand experience
zeznanie
statement in court

testing /ˈtɛstɪŋ/ n
próbować testować
the act of conducting a test

testosterone /tɛsˈtɒstəˌɹoʊn/ /tɛsˈtɒstəˌɹəʊn/ n
testosteron
steroid hormone

tetanus /ˈtɛtənəs/ /ˈtɛt̚nɨs/ n
tężec
disease

tether n
postronek pęta pęto uwięź
rope, cable etc. that holds something in place whilst allowing some movement

tetrahedron /tɛtɹəˈhiːdɹən/ n
czworościan
polyhedron

tetrahydrocannabinol /tɛtɹəhaɪdɹə(ʊ)ˈkænəbɪnɒl/ /tɛtʃɹəhaɪdɹə(ʊ)kəˈnæbɪnɒl/ n
tetrahydrokannabinol
THC

tetraplegia n
tetraplegia
paralysis of all four limbs

tetrapod adj
czworonożny
having four limbs or feet

tetrapod n
czworonóg
member of superclass Tetrapoda

tetrarchy n
tetrarchia
government by four people

tetromino /tɛˈtɹɑːmɪnoʊ/ /tɛˈtɹɒmɪnəʊ/ n
tetromino
polyomino made up of four squares

tex n
teks
unit of linear mass density for thread or fiber

text /tɛkst/ n
tekst
a written passage
a book, tome or other set of writings

text message n
esemes
a brief electronic message

text message v
esemesować
to transmit a text message

textbook /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ adj
podręcznikowy
having the typical characteristics of some class of phenomenon
of or pertaining to textbooks or their styles

textbook /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ n
podręcznik
formal manual of instruction

textile /ˈtɛks.taɪl/ n
włókienniczy
cloth produced from fabric

thalamus n
wzgórze
anatomy: structure within forebrain

thaler /ˈtɑːləɹ/ n
talar
historical monetary unit

thallium /ˈθæliəm/ n
tal
chemical element

thallus /ˈθæl.əs/ n
plecha
thallus

than /ðæn/ /ðən/ preposition
niż
Introduces a comparison

thank /θæŋk/ [θaŋk] [θeɪ̯ŋk] [θæŋk] v
dziękować podziękować
express gratitude or appreciation to someone

thank God interjection
dzięki Bogu chwała Bogu
exclamation of gratitude or relief

thank goodness interjection
dzięki Bogu chwała Bogu
express gratitude

thank you /ˈθæŋk juː/ /ˈθæŋk ˌju/ interjection
dziękuję
an expression of gratitude

thank you very much interjection
dziękuję bardzo
greater gratitude than "thank you"

thankful /ˈθæŋkfəl/ adj
wdzięczny
showing thanks

thankless adj
niewdzięczny
unappreciated
ungrateful

thanks /θæŋks/ interjection
dziękuję dzięki
used to express appreciation or gratitude

thanks a lot interjection
wielkie dzięki
emphatic thanks

thanks a million interjection
stokrotne dzięki
thanks a great many times

thanks for your help phraseologicalUnit
dzięki za twoją pomoc
thanks for your help

thanks to preposition
dzięki
because of

that /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðət/ /ˈðɛt/ conjunction
żeby
connecting a clause indicating purpose ("final")
że co iż
connecting a noun clause

that /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðət/ /ˈðɛt/ determiner
tamten tamta tamto
what is being indicated

that /ˈd̪æt/ /ˈðæt/ /ˈðət/ /ˈðɛt/ pronoun
to ta te ten
that thing

that is adv
czyli to jest
in other words

thatch /θætʃ/ n
strzecha
Straw for covering roofs or stacks

thaw /θɔː/ n
odwilż roztop tajanie
the melting of ice, snow or other congealed matter

thaw /θɔː/ v
rozmrażać rozmrozić roztapiać roztopić topić
to cause frozen things to melt, soften, or dissolve
odtajać roztapiać się roztopić się stopnieć tajać topnieć
to melt, dissolve, or become fluid

the /ði/ /ðə/ /ˈðiː/ adv
im + comp., tym + comp.
the + comparative, the + comparative

the /ði/ /ðə/ /ˈðiː/ article
ten
this

the apple does not fall far from the tree proverb
niedaleko pada jabłko od jabłoni
a child is similar to its parents

the bill, please phraseologicalUnit
poproszę rachunek
the bill, please

the customer is always right proverb
klient ma zawsze rację
proverb

the die is cast phraseologicalUnit
kości zostały rzucone
the future is determined

the dogs bark, but the caravan goes on proverb
psy szczekają, karawana idzie dalej psy szczekają, karawana jedzie dalej
life goes on even if some will try to stop progress

the early bird gets the worm proverb
kto rano wstaje, temu Pan Bóg daje
whoever arrives first has the best chance of success

the end justifies the means proverb
cel uświęca środki
morally wrong actions are sometimes necessary

the grass is always greener on the other side proverb
wszędzie dobrze, gdzie nas nie ma
the others' circumstances seem more desirable

the icing on the cake n
wisienka na torcie
something that intensifies the appreciation of something else

the more things change, the more they stay the same proverb
Im bardziej się wszystko zmienia, tym bardziej jest tak samo.
changes do not affect reality on a deeper level

the other day adv
kilka dni temu niedawno ostatnio
lately

the road to hell is paved with good intentions proverb
dobrymi chęciami jest piekło wybrukowane
well-intended acts can lead to disasters

the shoemaker's children go barefoot proverb
szewc bez butów chodzi
one often neglects those closest to oneself

the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak proverb
dusza chętna, ale ciało słabe
achieving something is made impossible by frailty

the straw that broke the camel's back n
kropla, która przepełnia czarę
small additional burden which causes failure

the thing is phraseologicalUnit
rzecz w tym
introduce main point

the world is one's oyster proverb
świat stoi przed kimś otworem
all opportunities are open to someone

theater /ˈθi(ə)tɚ/ /ˈθi.eɪ.tɚ/ /ˈθiətə/ /ˈθiːə.tə/ /ˈθjutɚ/ n
teatr
place or building
drama or performance as a profession or artform

theatrical /θiˈæt.ɹɪ.kəl/ adj
teatralny
of or relating to the theatre
fake and exaggerated

theatrically adv
teatralnie
in a theatrical manner

thee /ðiː/ pronoun
cię
Objective case of 'thou'

theft /θɛft/ n
kradzież
act of stealing property

their /ðɛə(ɹ)/ /ðɛɚ/ determiner
ich
belonging to them (plural)

theirs /ðɛəz/ /ðɛɚz/ pronoun
ich
that which belongs to them

theism /ˈtiɪzəm/ /ˈθiɪzəm/ n
teizm
belief in existence of at least one deity
belief in the existence of a personal, present and active creator God

theist /ˈθiːɪst/ n
teista teistka
believer

them /ðəm/ /ðɛm/ [d̪ɛm] [d̪ʌm] pronoun
ich je
third personal plural pronoun used after a preposition or as the object of a verb

thematic /θɪˈmætɪk/ adj
tematyczny
relating to, or having a theme or a topic
linguistics

thematically adv
tematycznie
in a thematic manner

theme /θiːm/ n
kompozycja motyw
computing: collection of color schemes, sounds, artwork etc.

theme song n
motyw muzyczny
a song accompanying a program

themselves /ðɛmˈsɛlvz/ pronoun
same sami
emphatic: they

then /ðen/ /ðɛn/ adv
wtedy wówczas
at that time
również także
at the same time; on the other hand
wówczas to
in that case
następnie potem
next in order
potem następnie
soon afterward

thence /ðɛns/ adv
stamtąd
from there

thenceforth /ˌðɛnsˈfɔːɹθ/ /ˌðɛnsˈfɔːθ/ adv
od tego czasu
from that time on

theocentric /θiːəʊˈsɛntɹɪk/ adj
teocentryczny
having God as main focus

theocracy /θiːˈɒkɹəsɪ/ n
teokracja
government under the control of a Church

theocratic adj
teokratyczny
pertaining to theocracy

theodicy /θiˈɑd.ɪ.si/ /θiːˈɒd.ɪ.si/ n
teodycea
justification of a deity

theodolite n
teodolit
instrument

theologian /θi.əˈloʊdʒən/ n
teolog teolożka
one who studies theology

theological adj
teologiczny
of or relating to theology

theology /θi.ˈɒ.lə.dʒi/ n
teologia
study of God, or a god, or gods

theopanism n
teopanizm
belief that the universe emanates from, or is a projection of, God

theophany /θiːˈɒfəni/ n
teofania
a visible manifestation of a deity

theorbo /θi.ˈɔɹ.boʊ/ /θi.ˈɔː.bəʊ/ n
teorba
theorbo

theorem /ˈθiː.ə.ɹəm/ n
twierdzenie
proved mathematical statement
mathematical statement that is expected to be true

theoretic /ˌθiːəˈɹɛtɪk/ adj
teoretyczny
existing only in theory

theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛtɪkəl/ adj
teoretyczny
of or relating to theory

theoretically adv
teoretycznie
in theory

theorist /ˈθiːəɹəst/ /ˈθɪəɹəst/ /ˈθɪəɹɪst/ n
teoretyczka teoretyk
someone who constructs theories

theory /ˈθiːəɹi/ /ˈθɪəɹi/ n
teoria
a coherent set of statements attempting to explain observed phenomena
a field of study in mathematics
an unproven conjecture
in logic: a set of axioms and all statements derivable from them

theosophy [θi.ˈɒs.ə.fi] [θɪˈɒsəfɪ] n
teozofia
doctrine of religious philosophy and mysticism

therapeutic /θɛɹəˈpjuːtɪk/ adj
terapeutyczny
of, or relating to therapy

therapist n
terapeuta terapeutka
one who provides therapy

therapy /ˈθɛɹ.ə.pi/ n
terapia leczenie
treatment of disease

there /ðeː(ɹ)/ /ðɛə(ɹ)/ /ðɛɚ/ adv
tam
in or at that place

there are phraseologicalUnit
są

there are plenty of fish in the sea proverb
tego kwiatu jest pół światu
there are more opportunities available

there be v
być
to exist

there is v
jest są
third-person singular simple present indicative form of there be

there is nothing new under the sun proverb
nic nowego pod słońcem
there is nothing new

there's no accounting for taste proverb
o gustach się nie dyskutuje
people's tastes differ

there's no place like home proverb
wszędzie dobrze, ale w domu najlepiej
one feels most comfortable at home

therefore /ˈðɛəfɔː/ /ˈðɛəɹfɔɹ/ adv
więc
consequently; by consequence
więc zatem dlatego przeto tak że toteż
for that or this reason; for that

therein lies the rub phraseologicalUnit
tu jest pies pogrzebany tu leży pies pogrzebany

theremin /ˈθɛə.ɹəˌmɪn/ n
theremin
electronic musical instrument

thereminist n
thereminista thereministka
theremin player

thermic /ˈθɜː(ɹ)mɪk/ adj
cieplny
related to heat

thermistor n
termistor
resistor

thermite /ˈθɜː(ɹ).maɪt/ n
termit
mixture of aluminum and ferric oxide

thermodynamic /ˌθɝmoʊdaɪˈnæmɪk/ adj
termodynamiczny
relating to the conversion of heat
relating to thermodynamics

thermodynamic equilibrium n
równowaga termodynamiczna
state of equal temperature

thermodynamics n
termodynamika
science of heat-energy conversion

thermogenesis n
termogeneza

thermometer /θəˈmɒmɪtə/ /θɚˈmɑmɪtɚ/ n
termometr
apparatus used to measure temperature

thermos n
termos
vacuum flask

thermosphere n
termosfera
layer of the Earth's atmosphere

thermostat /ˈθɝməstæt/ n
termostat
device which maintains the desired temperature

thesaurus /θɪˈsɔːɹəs/ n
tezaurus
book of synonyms

these /ðiz/ /ðiːz/ determiner
ci te
plural of this

thesis /ˈθiːsɪs/ n
teza
statement supported by arguments
dysertacja praca dyplomowa
written essay submitted for a university degree

they /ðeɪ/ pronoun
oni one
third-person plural pronoun

thick /θɘk/ /θɪk/ adj
gęsty
having a viscous consistency
gruby
relatively great in extent from one surface to another
heavy in build

thick as a brick adj
głupi jak but

thick-billed murre n
nurzyk polarny
Uria lomvia

thickener n
zagęstnik zagęszczacz
thickening agent

thickening agent n
zagęstnik zagęszczacz
any substance used to increase viscosity

thicket n
chaszcze zarośla gęstwina
copse

thickness n
grubość
property of being thick in dimension

thief /θif/ /θiːf/ n
złodziej złodziejka kradziej
one who carries out theft

thigh /θaɪ/ n
udo
upper leg

thighbone n
kość udowa
femur

thimble /ˈθɪmbəl/ n
naparstek
a protective cap for the finger
kausza
rings used in a ship's rigging

thin /ˈθɪn/ adj
chudy
having little body fat or flesh; slim; slender; lean; gaunt
cienki
having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite
rzadki
of low viscosity or low specific gravity
scarce
cienki wąski
very narrow in all diameters; having a cross section that is small in all directions

thin /ˈθɪn/ v
rozcieńczyć rozrzedzić
to dilute
przerzedzić
to remove plants

thine /ðaɪn/ determiner
twój
possessive determiner

thine /ðaɪn/ pronoun
twój
possessive pronoun

thing /θɪŋ/ n
rzecz coś
that which is considered to exist as a separate entity, object, quality or concept
coś
word, symbol, sign, or other referent that can be used to refer to any entity

thing-in-itself n
rzecz sama w sobie
thing as it is independent of any conceptualization

thingamajig n
wihajster
something that one does not know the name of

thingy /ˈθɪŋi/ /ˈθɪŋiː/ n
wihajster
a thing

think /θɪŋk/ [θæŋk] v
myśleć sądzić
be of the opinion that
myśleć pomyśleć
communicate to oneself in one’s mind
uważać myśleć
consider, judge, regard something as
myśleć
guess, reckon
zastanawiać się myśleć
to ponder, to go over in one's head

thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kəɹ/ /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/ n
myśliciel intelektualista
intellectual
myśliciel
one who spends time thinking

thioether n
tioeter
analogue of an ether in which the oxygen has been replaced by sulfur

thiosulfate n
tiosiarczan
salt or ester of thiosulfuric acid

thiosulfuric acid n
kwas tiosiarkowy
acid H₂S₂O₃

third /tɜjd/ /θɜːd/ /θɝd/ adj
trzeci
the ordinal form of the cardinal number three

third /tɜjd/ /θɜːd/ /θɝd/ n
tercja
interval
trzeci
one of three equal parts of a whole

third party n
osoba trzecia
someone not directly involved in a transaction.

third person n
trzecia osoba
the form of a verb used when the subject of a sentence is not the audience or the one making the statement

third time's a charm proverb
do trzech razy sztuka

thirst /θɜːst/ /θɝst/ n
pragnienie
dryness
figuratively

thirst /θɜːst/ /θɝst/ v
spragniony
to be thirsty
pragnąć spragnionym
to desire

thirsty /ˈθɜː(ɹ)st.i/ adj
spragniony
needing to drink

thirteen /ˈθɜː.tiːn/ /ˈθɝ(t).tin/ /ˌθɜːˈtiːn/ /ˌθɝ(t)ˈtin/ numeral
trzynaście trzynaścioro
the cardinal number occurring after twelve and before fourteen

thirteenth /ˌθɜːˈtiːnθ/ /ˌθɝˈtiːnθ/ adj
trzynasty
ordinal form of thirteen

thirtieth /ˈθɜːti.əθ/ /ˈθɝti.əθ/ adj
trzydziesty
the ordinal form of the number thirty

thirty /ˈθɜːti/ /ˈθɝti/ numeral
trzydzieści
cardinal number

thirty-eight numeral
trzydzieści osiem
38

thirty-five numeral
trzydzieści pięć
35

thirty-four numeral
trzydzieści cztery
34

thirty-nine numeral
trzydzieści dziewięć
39

thirty-one numeral
trzydzieści jeden
31

thirty-seven numeral
trzydzieści siedem
37

thirty-six numeral
trzydzieści sześć
36

thirty-three numeral
trzydzieści trzy
33

thirty-two numeral
trzydzieści dwa
32

this /ðɪs/ determiner
taki
known (thing) about to be mentioned
ten
the (thing) here
known (thing) just mentioned
known (thing) that the speaker does not think is known to the audience

this /ðɪs/ pronoun
ten to ta
The thing, item, etc. being indicated

this and that pronoun
to i owo
things

this evening adv
wieczorem
during the evening of today

this time n
tym razem
now, today, on this occasion

this way n
tędy
to indicate direction

this year adv
latoś tego roku w tym roku
during the current year

thistle /θɪsl̩/ n
oset
plant

thither /ˈðɪðəɹ/ adv
tam dotamtąd
to that place

thong /θɒŋ/ n
japonki
footwear
rzemień
leather strip

thoracic adj
piersiowy
of the thorax

thorax /ˈθɔɹæks/ n
tułów
middle of three distinct divisions in an insect, crustacean or arachnid body
klatka piersiowa
region of the mammalian body

thorium /ˈθɔːɹiəm/ n
tor
chemical element

thorn /θɔɹn/ /θɔːn/ n
cierń kolec
sharp protective spine of a plant

thorough /ˈθʌɹoʊ/ /ˈθʌɹə/ adj
gruntowny
detailed

thoroughfare /ˈθʌɹəfɛː/ n
droga przelotowa
road open at both ends
droga wodna
waterway
przejście
way through

thou /ðaʊ/ pronoun
ty
singular nominative form of you

thou /ðaʊ/ /θaʊ/ v
tykać mówić na ty
to address (a person) using the pronoun thou

though /ðoʊ/ /ðəʊ/ adv
bez względu na to jednak mimo to
however

though /ðoʊ/ /ðəʊ/ conjunction
chociaż choć aczkolwiek
although

thought /θɑt/ /θɒt/ /θɔt/ /θɔːt/ n
myśl
form created in the mind
myśl pomysł
process

thought blocking /θɔːt ˈblɑkɪŋ/ /θɔːt ˈblɒkɪŋ/ n
otamowanie
stopping of a line of thought

thought police n
policja myśli
a group that aims to control what other people think

thoughtless /ˈθɑtləs/ /ˈθɔtləs/ /ˈθɔːtləs/ adj
lekkomyślny
careless
bezmyślny
inconsiderate

thoughtlessly /ˈθɔt.lɪs.li/ adv
bezmyślnie
done without thinking

thousand /ˈθaʊz(ə)nd/ numeral
tysiąc
cardinal number 1000

thousandth /ˈθaʊzəntθ/ adj
tysięczny
ordinal form of 1000

thread /θɹɛd/ [θɾ̪̊ɛd] n
temat wątek
(Internet): a series of messages
wątek
(computing): a unit of execution
nić nitka
long, thin and flexible form of material

threading /ˈθɹɛdɪŋ/ n
depilacja nicią
depilatory method

threat /θɹɛt/ n
groźba
expression of intent to injure or punish another
zagrożenie groźba
indication of imminent danger
zagrożenie
person regarded as a danger

threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/ v
grozić zagrażać
to make a threat against someone; to use threats
to menace, or be dangerous
to portend, or give a warning

three /fɹiː/ /θɹi/ /θɹiː/ n
trójka trzy
digit/figure 3

three /fɹiː/ /θɹi/ /θɹiː/ numeral
trzy trójka troje
cardinal number 3

three days ago adv
przedprzedwczoraj
three days ago - translation entry

three fourths numeral
trzy czwarte
3/4

three hundred /ˈθɹiː ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ numeral
trzysta
cardinal number 300

three thousand numeral
trzy tysiące
3,000

three-cornered adj
trójrożny

three-dimensional adj
trójwymiarowy
existing in three dimensions
having depth (or the illusion of depth) as well as height and width

three-headed /ˈθɹiːˌhɛdəd/ adj
trzygłowy trójgłowy
having three heads

threefold adv
trzykrotnie
by a factor of three

threnody /ˈθɹɛn.ə.di/ n
tren
a song or poem of lamentation

threonine n
treonina
an essential amino acid

thresh /θɹɛʃ/ v
młócić
to separate the grain from the straw or husks

thresher /ˈθrɛʃə(r)/ n
młocarnia młockarnia
farm machine

thresher shark n
kosogon
any of three species of sharks

threshing floor n
gumno klepisko
floor of a threshing house

threshing sledge n
młockarnia
rectangular table of wood used to separate grain from straw

threshold /ˈθɹeʃ(h)əʊld/ /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/ n
próg przedsionek
bottom-most part of a doorway
entrance
próg
point at which an action is triggered
income at which income tax becomes due

thrice /θɹaɪs/ [θɾ̪̊äɪs] [θɾ̪̊ɑɪs] adv
trzy razy trzykrotnie trzykroć
three times

thrift /θɹɪft/ n
oszczędność
characteristic of using a minimum of something
zawciąg
various plants of the genus Armeria

thrifty /ˈθɹɪfti/ adj
oszczędny
given to, or evincing, thrift

thrill /θɹɪl/ [θɾ̪̊ɪl~t̪ɾ̪̊ɪl] [θɾ̪̊ɪɫ] n
dreszcz dreszczyk
trembling or quivering, especially one caused by emotion

thrill /θɹɪl/ [θɾ̪̊ɪl~t̪ɾ̪̊ɪl] [θɾ̪̊ɪɫ] v
poruszać wzruszać zachwycać
suddenly excite someone, or to give someone great pleasure; to electrify

thrips n
przylżeniec wciornastek
insect of the order Thysanoptera

throat /ˈθɹoʊt/ /ˈθɹəʊt/ n
gardło
front part of the neck
gullet or windpipe

thrombectomy n
trombektomia
Removal of a blood clot

thrombocytopenia n
małopłytkowość
abnormally low platelet count

thrombosis /θɹɑmˈboʊsɪs/ /θɹɒmˈbəʊsɪs/ n
zakrzepica
formation of thrombi, causing obstruction of circulation

thrombus n
zakrzep
blood clot formed in blood vessels that leads to thrombosis

throne [tɹoʊn] [θɹoʊn] [θɹəʊn] n
tron sedes
lavatory or toilet
tron
ornate seat
third highest order of angel

throng /θɹɒŋ/ /θɹɔŋ/ n
ciżba tłok tłum
group of people

through /θɹu/ /θɹuː/ preposition
przez poprzez
by means of
przez
from one side of an opening to the other
entering, then later exiting
surrounded by (while moving)

through and through adv
na wylot
entirely

throughput /ˈθɹu.pʊt/ /ˈθɹuː.pʊt/ n
przepustowość
rate of data transmission

throw /θɹoʊ/ /θɹəʊ/ n
narzuta
piece of fabric used to cover a bed, sofa or other soft furnishing

throw /θɹoʊ/ /θɹəʊ/ v
rzucić rzucać
to cause an object to move rapidly through the air

throw in the towel v
rozkładać ręce rozłożyć ręce
(idiomatic) to quit; to give up

throw the baby out with the bathwater /θɹoʊ ðə ˈbeɪbi aʊt wɪð ðə ˈbæθwɔtɚ/ /θɹəʊ ðə ˈbeɪbi aʊt wɪð ðə ˈbɑːθwɔːtə(ɹ)/ v
wylewać dziecko z kąpielą
(idiomatic) to discard something valuable

thrush /θɹʌʃ/ n
drozd
one of several species of songbirds of the family Turdidae
drożdżyca

thud /ˈθʌd/ n
tąpnięcie łomot łubudu łup
the sound of a dull impact

thud /ˈθʌd/ v
stąpać walić łomotać
to make the sound of a dull impact

thug /θʌɡ/ n
bandyta rzezimieszek zbir zbój
someone who treats others violently or roughly

thuja n
żywotnik
a tree of the genus Thuja

thulium /ˈθjuːliəm/ /ˈθuːliəm/ n
tul
chemical element

thumb /θʌm/ n
kciuk
digit

thumb one's nose v
zagrać na nosie
to place a thumb upon the tip of the nose in a gesture of disrespect

thumbnail /ˈθʌmneɪl/ n
paznokieć kciuka
fingernail on the thumb
miniatura
small picture

thumbtack /ˈθʌm.tæk/ n
pinezka
nail-like tack

thunder /ˈθʌndə/ /ˈθʌndɚ/ n
grzmot
deep, rumbling noise
sound resembling thunder
grzmot grom
sound caused by lightning

thunder /ˈθʌndə/ /ˈθʌndɚ/ v
grzmieć zagrzmieć
to make a noise like thunder
gromić
to talk with a loud, threatening voice

thunderstorm /ˈθʌn.də(ɹ)ˌstɔː(ɹ)m/ /ˈθʌn.ə(ɹ)ˌstɔː(ɹ)m/ n
burza
storm with thunder and lightning

thus /ˈðʌs/ adv
dlatego tak
as a result
tak
in this way or manner

thwart /θwɔ(ə)ɹt/ /θwɔːt/ n
ławka
seat across a boat

thwart /θwɔ(ə)ɹt/ /θwɔːt/ v
przecinać
to move across
udaremniać pokrzyżować
to prevent; to halt; to cause failure

thy /ðaɪ/ determiner
twój
possessive determiner

thylacine n
wilk workowaty
extinct carnivorous marsupial

thyme /taɪm/ n
macierzanka tymianek
plant of the genus Thymus

thymine /ˈθaɪmɪn/ n
tymina

thymol /timɔl/ n
tymol
a monoterpene phenol

thymus /ˈθaɪməs/ n
grasica
ductless gland located behind the breastbone

thyroid gland n
tarczyca
large butterfly-shaped endocrine gland

thysanuran n
szczeciogonka
species of order Thysanura

tiara /tiˈɑːɹə/ n
tiara
papal crown

tic /tɪk/ n
tik
local and habitual convulsive motion

tic-tac-toe n
kółko i krzyżyk
game

tick /tɪk/ n
kleszcz
arachnid
fajka haczyk ptaszek
checkmark

tick /tɪk/ v
tykać
make a clicking noise

ticket /ˈtɪkɪt/ n
lista wyborcza punkt programu wyborczego
informal: list of candidates
bilet
pass for transportation
admission to entertainment
licencja
permit to operate machine
mandat
traffic citation

ticket inspector n
kanar konduktor kontroler
person who checks passengers have a valid ticket

ticket machine n
biletomat
ticket vending machine

ticket office n
kasa biletowa
an office where tickets may be purchased

ticket stamping machine n
kasownik
ticket validating machine

tickle /ˈtɪkl̩/ v
łaskotać łechtać gilgać smyrać
to touch in a manner that causes tingling sensation

tiddlywinks n
pchełki
game in which the objective is to shoot winks into a cup

tide /taɪd/ /taːd/ n
odpływ przypływ pływ
periodic change of sea level

tiding /ˈtaɪdɪŋ/ n
wieści
news, new information

tidy /ˈtaɪdi/ v
czysty
to make tidy

tie /taɪ/ n
remis
tie score

tie /taɪ/ v
wiązać
to attach or fasten with string

tier /ˈtaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈtaɪ.ɚ/ n
kondygnacja poziom warstwa
layer or rank

tiercel n
maisz maiz maiż
male hawk or falcon, used in falconry

tiger /ˈtaɪɡə/ /ˈtaɪɡɚ/ n
tygrys
The mammal Panthera tigris

tiger shark n
żarłacz tygrysi
Galeocerdo cuvier

tight /taɪt/ adj
ciasny
firmly held together
pushed/pulled together

tighten /ˈtaɪ.tən/ v
zacieśniać się
to become tighter
zacieśniać
to make tighter

tightrope walker n
linoskoczek
acrobat who practices tightrope walking

tights /taɪts/ n
rajstopy
women's garment

tigress n
tygrysica
female tiger

tiki-taka n
tiki-taka
style of play

tilak /ˈtɪlək/ n
tilaka
symbol worn on the forehead

tilapia /təˈlɑːpiə/ /tɪˈlɑːpiə/ n
tilapia
any fish of the genus Tilapia

tilde /ˈtɪldə/ n
tylda
character
diacritical mark
key

tile /taɪl/ n
fliza kafel kafelek
mostly rectangular shaped sheet of ceramic or fired clay to cover surfaces

tile /taɪl/ v
kafelkować
to cover with tiles

tiler n
glazurnik kafelkarz płytkarz terakociarz
a person who sets tile

till /tɪl/ v
uprawiać
to work or cultivate

till death do us part adv
dopóki śmierć nas nie rozłączy póki śmierć nas nie rozłączy
phrase said as part of wedding vows indicating commitment

tiller /ˈtɪlə/ n
rumpel
part of the rudder

timber /ˈtɪmbə/ /ˈtɪmbɚ/ [ˈtɪˑmˌbəː] [ˈtɪˑmˌbɚː] n
drzewo
trees considered as a source of wood
drewno
wood that has been cut ready for construction

time /taɪm/ /tɑem/ /tɜːm/ n
epoka czasy
era
czas
inevitable passing of events
quantity of availability in time
measurement of a quantity of time
measurement under some system of the time of day or moment in time
youth or young adulthood
raz
instance or occurrence
godzina
numerical indication of a particular moment in time
pora czas
particular moment or hour
raz razy
ratio of comparison
czas godzina
time of day, as indicated by a clock, etc

time /taɪm/ /tɑem/ /tɜːm/ v
chronometrować
to measure time

time after time adv
raz po raz raz za razem
again and again

time capsule n
kapsuła czasu
sealed container

time complexity n
złożoność czasowa
amount of time

time difference n
różnica czasu
difference of time between measurements

time dilation n
dylatacja czasu
slowing of the passage of time at relativistic speeds

time flies phraseologicalUnit
czas leci
time seems to pass quickly

time heals all wounds proverb
czas leczy rany
negative feelings eventually fade away

time is money proverb
czas to pieniądz
time is money

time limit n
termin
time by which something must finish

time of departure n
czas odjazdu godzina odjazdu
the time when an airplane etc. is scheduled to depart

time travel n
podróżowanie w czasie
hypothetical or fictional travel to the past or future

time zone n
strefa czasowa
range of longitudes where a common standard time is used

time-consuming adj
czasochłonny
requiring significant amounts of time

time-lapse adj
poklatkowa
photographic technique

timeline /ˈtaɪmˌlaɪn/ n
oś czasu
graphical representation of a chronological sequence of events

timer /ˈtaɪmɚ/ n
minutnik
device

times /taɪmz/ /tɑemz/ /tɜːmz/ preposition
razy
multiplied by

timeserver /ˈtʌɪmˌsəːvə/ n
serwer czasu
device
oportunista
opportunist

timetable /ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəl/ n
rozkład
a structured schedule of events

timing belt n
pasek rozrządu
a part of an internal combustion engine

timpani /ˈtɪmpəni/ n
kotły
kettledrums

tin /tɪn/ adj
cynowy
made of tin

tin /tɪn/ n
konserwa puszka
airtight container
cyna
element

tin-pot /ˈtɪn.pɑːt/ /ˈtɪn.pɒt/ adj
lichy nędzny
inferior, shoddy

tincture /ˈtɪŋ(k).tʃə/ /ˈtɪŋk.tʃɚ/ n
nalewka
alcoholic extract used as medicine
tynktura
heraldry: colour or metal used in the depiction of a coat of arms

tinder /ˈtɪndə/ /ˈtɪndəɹ/ n
hubka
dry sticks etc.

tingle /ˈtɪŋɡəl/ n
dzwonienie mrowienie swędzenie
prickling sensation

tinker /tɪŋkə(ɹ)/ /tɪŋkɚ/ v
majstrować
to fiddle with something in an attempt to fix, mend or improve it

tinnitus /ˈtɪn.ɪ.təs/ n
szumy uszne
perception of nonexistent noise

tinsel /ˈtɪn.səl/ n
girlanda
thin strips of a glittering, metallic material used as a decoration

tinsmith n
blacharz
a person who makes or repairs things with tin

tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj
malutki tyci
very small

tip /tɪp/ n
czubek
extreme end of something
napiwek
small amount of money left for a servant as a token of appreciation
wskazówka
piece of private information

tip of the iceberg /ˈtɪp əv ði ˈaɪsbɝɡ/ /ˈtɪp əv ðiː ˈaɪsbɜːɡ/ n
wierzchołek góry lodowej
small indication of a larger possibility

tipcat n
klipa
game in which a wooden piece is struck with a stick
wooden piece used in tipcat

tipsy /ˈtɪp.si/ adj
podchmielony
slightly drunk

tiramisu /ˌtɪɹəmɪˈsuː/ /ˌtɪɹəˈmisu/ n
tiramisu
semifreddo dessert

tire /ˈtaɪ̯ə(ɹ)/ /ˈtaɪ̯ɚ/ /ˈtɑːɚ/ /ˈtʌɪ̯ɚ/ v
zmęczyć męczyć
to become sleepy

tired /taɪəd/ /taɪɚd/ adj
zmęczony
in need of rest or sleep

tiredness n
zmęczenie
state of being tired

tireless adj
niestrudzony niezmordowany
indefatigable

tiresome adj
nudny
causing fatigue or boredom

tissue /ˈtɪsjuː/ /ˈtɪʃu/ n
tkanka
aggregation of cells
woven fabric
chusteczka chusteczka higieniczna
sheet of absorbent paper

tit /tɪt/ n
cycek cyc
(slang, vulgar) a woman's breast
cyc cycek pierś
a mammary gland, teat
kucyk
a small horse
dupa dupka sikorka
a young girl

tit for tat /ˈtɪt fə(ɹ) ˈtæt/ /ˈtɪt fɚ ˈtæt/ n
wet za wet
act of returning exactly what one gets

titanic /taɪˈtæn.ɪk/ adj
tytaniczny tytaniczna
titanic

titanium /taɪˈteɪni.əm/ /tɪˈteɪni.əm/ n
tytan
chemical element

tithe /taɪð/ n
dziesięcina
tax paid to the Church

tithi /ˈtiːti/ /ˈt̪ɪt̪ʰɪ/ n
tithi
lunar day

titian /ˈtɪʃən/ adj
rudopomarańczowy tycjanowski złotorudy
of a bright auburn colour

titin /ˈtaɪtɪn/ n
tytyna
protein

title /ˈtaɪtl̩/ n
tytuł nazwa
name of a book, etc
tytuł
prefix or suffix added to a name
certificate of ownership

titmouse /ˈtɪtmaʊs/ n
sikora
Any bird of the family Paridae

titrate /ˈtɪtɹeɪt/ v
miareczkować
to ascertain the concentration of a solution

titration /taɪˈtɹeɪʃən/ n
miareczkowanie
determination of concentration, by addition of reagent until completion of reaction

titter /ˈtɪtɚ/ n
chichot
nervous or repressed giggle

titter /ˈtɪtɚ/ v
chichotać
to laugh or giggle in a somewhat subdued manner

titular /ˈtɪtjʊlə/ /ˈtɪtʃəlɚ/ adj
tytularny
nominal

titushky n
tituszka
a violent pro-government vigilante involved in cracking down on popular protest

tmesis /t(ə)ˈmiːsɪs/ n
tmeza
insertion of one or more words between the components of a word

to /tu/ /tuː/ /tə/ /tʉː/ [ɾə] particle
-ać -eć -ić -ąć -ć
infinitive-marker

to /tu/ /tuː/ /tə/ /tʉː/ [ɾə] preposition
do
used to indicate ratios

to and fro adv
tam i z powrotem
back and forth

to arms
do broni!
to arms

to be continued phraseologicalUnit
cdn. ciąg dalszy nastąpi
continues in next episode

to be honest phraseologicalUnit
prawdę mówiąc szczerze mówiąc
frankly

to death
śmiertelnie
to a great degree

to each his own proverb
każdemu swoje
every person is entitled to his or her personal preferences

to err is human proverb
błądzić jest rzeczą ludzką mylić się jest rzeczą ludzką
Everybody makes mistakes

to one's knowledge
o ile mi wiadomo
to one's knowledge

to taste
do smaku
depending on personal taste

to the letter adv
co do joty dosłownie
idiomatic for “literally”, following the rules as they're written

to wit adv
mianowicie a konkretnie a mianowicie czyli
namely, specifically

toad /toʊd/ /təʊd/ n
ropucha ropuch
amphibian similar to a frog

toadflax n
lnica
plant of the genus Linaria

toadstool /ˈtoʊdˌstu(ə)l/ /ˈtəʊdˌstuːl/ n
muchomor
an inedible or poisonous mushroom

toady n
lizus
sycophant flattering others to gain personal advantage

toast /toʊst/ /təʊst/ n
toast
salutation
tost grzanka
toasted bread

toast /toʊst/ /təʊst/ v
wznieść toast wznosić toast
to engage in a salutation

toaster /ˈtoʊstɚ/ /ˈtəʊstə/ n
toster opiekacz
device for toasting bread

tobacco /təˈbækoʊ/ n
tytoń
any plant of the genus Nicotiana
tytoń tabaka
leaves of certain varieties of tobacco plant

tobacco pipe n
fajka lulka
smoking tool

tobacconist n
właściciel sklepu tytoniowego
person who sells tobacco

tobacconist's n
trafika
shop that sells tobacco products

toboggan /təˈbɑːɡ.ən/ /təˈbɒɡ.ən/ n
sanki tobogan
long sled without runners

today /təˈdeɪ/ adv
w dzisiejszych czasach dzisiaj
nowadays
dzisiaj dziś
on the current day

today /təˈdeɪ/ n
dzisiaj dziś
today (noun)

today's adj
dzisiejszy

toddler n
maluch maluszek
young human child

toe /toʊ/ /təʊ/ n
palec
any equivalent part in an animal
palec u nogi palec
each of the five digits on the end of the foot
palec czubek nosek palce
part of a shoe or sock covering the toe

toenail /ˈtəʊˌneɪl/ n
paznokieć u nogi
the plate covering the end of a toe

toffee /ˈtɒfi/ /ˈtɔfi/ n
toffi
uncountable: type of confectionery

tofu /ˈtoʊfu/ /ˈtəʊfuː/ n
tofu
protein-rich food made from curdled soy milk

toga /ˈtoʊɡə/ /ˈtəʊɡə/ n
toga
loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome
loose wrap gown

together /tʊˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /tʊˈɡɛðɚ/ adv
razem wespół wspólnie
at the same time, in the same place
razem
into one place

toggle /ˈtɑ.ɡəl/ /ˈtɒɡ.əl/ v
przełączać
to alternate between two positions using a single switch or lever
to switch between alternate states

toggle switch n
przełącznik
switch actuated by a lever

toilet /ˈtɔɪ.lət/ n
ubikacja klozet sedes
fixture used for urination and defecation
toaleta
personal grooming
ubikacja toaleta ustęp kibel klop sracz
room used for urination and defecation

toilet bowl n
klozet muszla muszla klozetowa sedes
receptacle designed to receive the dejections of humans

toilet paper n
papier toaletowy
paper to clean oneself after defecation or urination

toilet seat n
deska klozetowa
seat of a toilet

token /ˈtoʊkən/ /ˈtəʊkən/ n
żeton
piece of stamped metal used as a substitute for money

tolerable /ˈtɑləɹəbl̩/ /ˈtɒləɹəbl̩/ adj
znośny
Capable of being borne, tolerated or endured; bearable or endurable

tolerance /ˈtɒləɹəns/ n
tolerancja
ability to tolerate

tolerant /ˈtɑːləɹənt/ /ˈtɒləɹənt/ adj
tolerancyjny
tending to permit, allow, understand, or accept something

toll /toʊl/ /toʊɫ/ /təʊl/ n
myto opłata drogowa
fee for using roads and bridges

toll booth n
bramka punkt poboru opłat
a booth on a toll road or toll bridge where the toll is collected

tollbar n
szlaban

toluene /ˈtɑl.ju.in/ /ˈtɒl.juː.iːn/ n
toluen
liquid hydrocarbon

tom /tɑm/ /tɒm/ n
kocur kot
male cat

tomato /toʊˈmɑː.toʊ/ /təˈmeɪ.toʊ/ /təˈmɑː.toʊ/ [tʰə̥ˈmeɪɾoʊ] [tʰə̥ˈmɐːtʰɐʉ] [tʰə̥ˈmɑɾoʊ] [tʰə̥ˈmɑːtʰəʊ] n
pomidor
fruit
tomato plant

tomayto, tomahto /təˈmeɪtoʊ təˈmɑːtəʊ/ phraseologicalUnit
ziemniaki, kartofle, pyry
to dismiss an alternative standard
zwał, jak zwał
to suggest a distinction without a difference

tomb /tuːm/ n
grobowiec
small building or vault for the remains of the dead

tomboy /ˈtɑmbɔɪ/ /ˈtɒmbɔɪ/ n
chłopczyca
girl who acts as a typical boy would

tombstone n
nagrobek
stone on grave

tome /toʊm/ /təʊm/ n
księga
large or scholarly book
tom wolumin
one in a series of volumes

tomfoolery /ˌtɒmˈfuːl.ə.ɹi/ n
wygłup
foolish behaviour

tomography n
tomografia
imaging by sections or sectioning

tomorrow /təˈmɑɹə/ /təˈmɒɹoʊ/ /təˈmɒɹəʊ/ /təˈmɔɹoʊ/ /tʊˈmɑɹoʊ/ adv
jutro
on the day after the present day

tomorrow /təˈmɑɹə/ /təˈmɒɹoʊ/ /təˈmɒɹəʊ/ /təˈmɔɹoʊ/ /tʊˈmɑɹoʊ/ n
jutro
the day after the present day

tomorrow is another day /təˈmɑɹoʊ ɪz əˈnʌðɚ deɪ/ /təˈmɒɹoʊ ɪz əˈnʌðə(ɹ) deɪ/ proverb
jutro też jest dzień
a phrase indicating that tomorrow will bring new opportunities

ton /tɔ̃/ /tʌn/ n
tona
unit of weight

tone /toʊn/ /təʊn/ n
odcień
shade or quality of a colour
ton
specific pitch, quality and duration; a note
pitch of a word that distinguishes a difference in meaning

toner /ˈtoʊnɚ/ n
toner
powder used in laser printers and photocopiers

tongs /tɑŋz/ /tɒŋz/ /tɔŋz/ n
szczypce
an instrument

tongue /tɒŋɡ/ /tʊŋ/ /tʌŋ/ n
język ozór
organ

tongue-twister n
łamaniec językowy łamaniec
phrase which is difficult to say

tonight /təˈnaɪt/ adv
dziś wieczorem tego wieczoru
during today's evening
dziś w nocy tej nocy
during today's nighttime

tonne /tɒn/ /tʌn/ n
tona
1000 kilograms

tonsil /ˈtɑn.səl/ /ˈtɒn.səl/ n
migdałek
palatine tonsil

tonsillectomy n
tonsillektomia
surgical removal of tonsils

tonsillitis /tɒnsəˈlaɪtɪs/ n
angina
inflammation of the tonsils

tonsure /ˈtɒn.ʃə(ɹ)/ n
tonsura
bald patch resulting from being tonsured

too /tu/ /tuː/ adv
też
likewise
za zbyt
more than enough; as too much

too bad phraseologicalUnit
jaka szkoda
that's a pity

too many cooks spoil the broth proverb
gdzie kucharek sześć, tam nie ma co jeść
with too many people a task won't be done very well

tool /tuːl/ n
narzędzie
equipment used in a profession
narzędzie przybór
mechanical device intended to make a task easier
kutas
penis

tool /tuːl/ v
wyposażać
to equip with tools
obrabiać
to work on or shape with tools
harować
to work very hard

toolbar n
pasek narzędzi
row of icons in a graphical user interface

toolbox /ˈtuːlˌbɑks/ n
skrzynka na narzędzia
storage case for tools

tooth /tuːθ/ /tʊθ/ n
ząb zęby
biological tooth
ząb
saw tooth
gear tooth

tooth fairy /tuːθ ˈfɛəɹɪ/ n
zębowa wróżka
a figure of modern myth

tooth socket n
zębodół
socket in the jaw

toothache /ˈtuθˌeɪk/ n
ból zęba
ache in a tooth

toothbrush /ˈtuːθbɹʌʃ/ n
szczoteczka do zębów
brush for cleaning the teeth and tongue

toothed jelly fungus n
galaretek kolczasty
mushroom, Pseudohydnum gelatinosum

toothed whale n
zębowiec
whale of the Odontoceti suborder

toothless adj
bezzębny
Having no teeth

toothpaste /ˈtuːθpeɪst/ n
pasta do zębów
paste for cleaning the teeth

toothpick /tuːθ.pɪk/ n
wykałaczka
stick for removing food residue from the area between the teeth

toothwort n
łuskiewnik
plant of the genus Lathraea

top /tɑp/ /tɒp/ n
bąk
child’s spinning toy
wierzchołek wierzch
uppermost part

top secret adj
ściśle tajny
information classified at the highest level

toparch /ˈtɒpɑːk/ n
toparcha
ruler of a small district or petty state

topaz /ˈtoʊpæz/ /ˈtəʊpæz/ adj
topazowy
colour

topaz /ˈtoʊpæz/ /ˈtəʊpæz/ n
topaz
gem

topic /ˈtɑpɪk/ /ˈtɒpɪk/ n
temat
subject; theme

topical /ˈtɒp.ɪ.kəl/ adj
aktualny
of current interest; contemporary

topographic adj
topograficzny
of, or relating to topography

topography /təˈpɑɡɹəfi/ /təˈpɒɡɹəfi/ n
topografia
the features themselves (the terrain)

topological adj
topologiczny
of or relating to topology

topological group n
grupa topologiczna
group with topological structure

topology /təˈpɑlədʒi/ /təˈpɒlədʒi/ n
topologia
study of geometric properties that are not changed by stretching etc.

toponym /ˈtɒpənɪm/ n
toponim
place name

torch /tɔɹtʃ/ /tɔːtʃ/ n
pochodnia łuczywo żagiew
stick with flame at one end

torment /tɔː(ɹ)ˈmɛnt/ /ˈtɔː(ɹ)mɛnt/ n
męka cierpienie udręka
extreme pain

torment /tɔː(ɹ)ˈmɛnt/ /ˈtɔː(ɹ)mɛnt/ v
trapić męczyć nękać
to cause severe suffering

tormentor n
dręczyciel
someone who torments

tornado /tɔː(ɹ)ˈneɪ.dəʊ/ n
trąba powietrzna tornado
violent windstorm

toroid n
toroid
surface generated by a closed curve (especially a circle) rotating about, but not intersecting or containing, an axis in its own plane

torpedo /ˌtɔɹˈpi.doʊ/ /ˌtɔː(ɹ)ˈpiː.dəʊ/ n
torpeda
underwater weapon
fish

torpedo /ˌtɔɹˈpi.doʊ/ /ˌtɔː(ɹ)ˈpiː.dəʊ/ v
torpedować
to send a torpedo
to sink a ship with one of more torpedoes

torpedo boat n
torpedowiec
warship designed to fire torpedoes

torque /tɔː(ɹ)k/ /tɔːk/ n
moment obrotowy
a rotational or twisting force

torque wrench n
klucz dynamometryczny
wrench for applying a specific torque

torr n
tor
unit of pressure

torrent /ˈtɑɹ.ənt/ /ˈtɒɹ.ənt/ /ˈtɔɹ.ənt/ n
potok
violent flow, as of water etc.

torso /ˈtɔɹ.soʊ/ /ˈtɔː.səʊ/ n
tułów kadłub korpus
body excluding the head and limbs

tort /tɔ(ə)ɹt/ /tɔːt/ n
delikt cywilny
law: wrongful act causing injury

torte /ˈtɔː(ɹ)t/ n
tort
a rich, dense cake

tortoise /ˈtɔː.təs/ /ˈtɔːɹ.təs/ /ˈtɔːˌtɔɪs/ n
żółw żółw lądowy
land-dwelling reptile

torture /ˈtɔɹt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɔːt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ n
tortura tortury
intentional causing of somebody's experiencing agony

torture /ˈtɔɹt͡ʃɚ/ /ˈtɔːt͡ʃə(ɹ)/ v
torturować męczyć katować
to intentionally inflict unnecessary pain or suffering on helpless victims

torture chamber n
katownia
room equipped for torture

torturer n
oprawca
one who tortures

torus /ˈtɔːɹəs/ n
torus
shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space
in combination, product of circles
topological space

toss /tɑs/ /tɒs/ /tɔs/ n
rzucenie rzut
throw, a lob, of a ball
rzut
toss of a coin before a match

toss /tɑs/ /tɒs/ /tɔs/ v
rzucać rzucić
to throw with an initial upward direction

toss a coin v
rzucać monetą rzucić monetą
to flick a coin for making a decision

tot /tɒt/ n
brzdąc
small child

total war n
wojna totalna
warfare where all of a country's resources are employed

totalitarian /ˌtoʊtəlɪˈtɛəɹiən/ /ˌtəʊtəlɪˈtɛɹiən/ adj
totalitarny
related to the system of government

totalitarianism n
totalitaryzm
system where state wields absolute control

totem /ˈtoʊtəm/ /ˈtəʊtəm/ n
totem
natural object or living creature that serves as an emblem of a tribe

toucan /ˈtuːkən/ /ˈtuːˌkæn/ n
tukan
Ramphastid

touch /tʌt͡ʃ/ n
dotyk dotknięcie
act of touching
kontakt
close communication
szczegół
distinguishing feature
aut
part of a sportsfield
dotyk
sense of perception by physical contact
odrobina
small amount
podejście styl
style or technique

touch /tʌt͡ʃ/ v
dotknąć dotykać poruszać poruszyć wzruszać wzruszyć
affect emotionally
dotykać dotknąć
make physical contact with

touch screen n
ekran dotykowy
input/output device

touchpad n
touchpad
flat surface which is sensitive to touch

touchstone n
probierz
standard of comparison or evaluation
kamień probierczy
stone used to test the quality of gold alloys

touché /tuːˈʃeɪ/ /ˈtuː.ʃeɪ/ interjection
trafienie
fencing hit

tough /tʌf/ adj
odporny wytrzymały
rugged or physically hardy

toupee /tuːˈpeɪ/ n
tupecik tupet peruczka
wig

tourism /tɔːɹɪz(ə)m/ n
turystyka
the act of travelling or sightseeing

tourist /ˈtɔɹ.ɪst/ /ˈtɝ.ɪst/ /ˈtʊəɹɪst/ /ˈtʊɹ.ɪst/ n
turysta turystka
someone who travels for pleasure

tourist office n
biuro informacji turystycznej informacja turystyczna
office which provides information for tourists

touristic adj
turystyczny
catering to tourists

touristy adj
turystyczny
catering to tourists

tournament /ˈtʊənəmənt/ /ˈtʊɹnəmənt/ n
turniej
series of games

tourniquet /ˈtɝ.nɪ.kɪt/ /ˈtʊə.nɪ.keɪ/ n
opaska uciskowa staza
a tightly compressed bandage used to stop bleeding

tovarish /tɒˈvɑːɹɪʃ/ n
towarzysz towarzyszka
comrade, especially with reference to the former USSR

tow /taʊ/ /toʊ/ /təʊ/ n
holowanie
act of towing
hol
cable used in towing
pakuły
bundle of fibers

tow /taʊ/ /toʊ/ /təʊ/ v
holować
pull something using a line

tow truck /ˈtoʊ.tɹʌk/ n
laweta
motor vehicle for towing

toward /tɘ.ˈwoːd/ /tə.ˈwɔːd/ /tʊ.ˈwɔɹd/ preposition
o odnośnie
in relation to
w kierunku w stronę
in the direction of
koło
located near

towel /taʊl/ n
ręcznik
cloth used for wiping

tower /ˈtaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈtaʊɚ/ n
wieża
(figuratively) any item that is higher than it is wide
wieża wieża boga
Tarot card
wieża baszta stołp
structure

tower of Babel n
wieża Babel
situation of confusion due to many languages

town /taʊn/ n
miasto miasteczko
settlement

town hall n
ratusz
a building that houses the local government offices of a town

town twinning n
miasta partnerskie
pairing of towns or cities

townlet n
miasteczko
a small town

toxic /ˈtɑk.sɪk/ /ˈtɒk.sɪk/ adj
toksyczny
having a harmful chemical nature

toxicologist n
toksykolog
scientist or physician who speciality is toxicology

toxicology n
toksykologia
scientific study of poisons and poisoning

toxin /ˈtɑksɪn/ /ˈtɒksɪn/ n
toksyna
a toxic or poisonous substance

toy /tɔɪ/ n
zabawka
something to play with

trace /tɹeɪs/ n
ślad
mark left as a sign of passage

trachea /tɹəˈki.ə/ /ˈtɹeɪki.ə/ n
tchawica
thin-walled, cartilaginous tube connecting the larynx to the bronchi

trachoma n
jaglica
infectious disease

track /tɹæk/ n
ślad
mark left by something that has passed along

track and field n
lekkoatletyka
group of athletic sports

track down v
wytropić
to search, hunt

tracker n
tropiciel
agent noun of track

tracksuit n
dres
garment

traction /ˈtɹæk.ʃən/ n
wyciąg
mechanically applied sustained pull, especially to a limb

traction engine n
lokomobila
steam engine

tractor /ˈtɹæktə/ /ˈtɹæktɚ/ n
ciągnik traktor
farm vehicle

tractor driver n
traktorzysta traktorzystka
one who drives a tractor

tractrix n
traktrysa
curve

trade /tɹeɪd/ n
handel
buying and selling
transakcja
instance of buying or selling
fach profesja zawód
skilled practice of an occupation

trade secret n
tajemnica przedsiębiorstwa
formula, practice, process, design

trade union n
związek zawodowy
organization

trade wind /ˈtɹeɪdˑwɪnd/ n
pasat
steady wind

trade-off n
kompromis
situation in which one thing must be decreased for another to be increased

trader /ˈtɹeɪdə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹeɪdɚ/ n
handlarz kupiec
one who earns a living by trading

tradition /tɹəˈdɪʃən/ n
tradycja
a part of culture that is passed from person to person or generation to generation

traditional /tɹəˈdɪʃənəl/ adj
tradycyjny
of or pertaining to tradition

traditionalist n
tradycjonalista tradycjonalistka
one who adheres to tradition

traffic /ˈtɹæfɪk/ n
ruch
pedestrians or vehicles on roads or on the air

traffic cone n
pachołek drogowy
cone-shaped marker

traffic jam n
korek
situation in which all road traffic is stationary or very slow

traffic light n
sygnalizator świetlny sygnalizacja światło sygnalizacyjne
signalling device

traffic sign n
znak drogowy
traffic sign

tragedy /ˈtɹæd͡ʒɪdi/ n
tragedia bieda gorze nieszczęście
disastrous event, especially one involving great loss of life or injury
tragedia
drama or similar work
genre of such works, and the art of producing them

trail /tɹeɪl/ n
ścieżka
route for travel over land
trop
track followed by a hunter

trail /tɹeɪl/ v
tropić śledzić
follow behind

trailer /ˈtɹeɪlə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹeɪlɚ/ n
przyczepa campingowa przyczepa kempingowa
furnished vehicle towed behind another, used as a dwelling when stationary
trailer zwiastun zapowiedź
preview of a film
przyczepa
vehicle towed behind another, used for carrying equipment
unpowered wheeled vehicle that is towed behind another, and used to carry equipment, with the exception of a caravan

train /tɹeɪn/ n
orszak sznur świta
group of animals, vehicles, or people
pociąg
line of connected cars or carriages
ciąg seria
series of electric pulses
ciąg łańcuch
series of events or ideas which are interconnected
układ zespół
set of interconnected mechanical parts
ogon tren
that which is drawn along

train /tɹeɪn/ v
wycelować
to move (a gun) laterally so that it points in a different direction
przesuwać się
to proceed in sequence
trenować ćwiczyć
to teach a task
to improve one's fitness
to practice an ability

train of thought n
tok myślenia
flow of thinking

trainer /ˈtɹeɪnə/ /ˈtɹeɪnɚ/ n
trener trenerka
person who trains another; coach
adidas
running shoe

training /ˈtɹeɪnɪŋ/ n
trening zaprawa zaprawianie ćwiczenie
the activity of imparting and acquiring skills

trait /tɹeɪ/ /tɹeɪt/ n
rys cecha
an identifying characteristic, habit or trend

traitor /ˈtɹeɪtə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹeɪtɚ/ n
zdrajca zdrajczyni
a betrayer
zdrajca konfident sprzedawczyk zaprzaniec zdrajczyni
one who violates allegiance and betrays one's country

tram /tɹam/ /tɹæm/ n
tramwaj
passenger vehicle

tram driver n
motorniczy
driver of a tram

tram stop n
przystanek tramwajowy
stop for trams

trample /ˈtɹæmpəl/ v
rozdeptywać
(transitive) to crush something by walking on it

trampoline /tɹæmpəˈliːn/ /ˈtɹæmpəliːn/ n
trampolina
gymnastic and recreational device

trance /tɹæns/ /tɹɑːns/ n
trance
genre of electronic dance music
trans
state of low response to stimulus and diminished, narrow attention
such a state induced by hypnosis

tranquil /ˈtɹæŋ.kwɪl/ adj
cichy
calm; without motion or sound
spokojny
free from emotional disturbance

transatlantic adj
transatlantycki
spanning or crossing the Atlantic

transcendental /ˌtɹænsɛnˈdɛntəl/ adj
przestępny
not algebraic; containing elements that are not algebraic

transcendental number n
liczba przestępna
irrational nonalgebraic number

transcendentalism n
transcendentalizm
a movement of writers and philosophers in New England in the 19th century
a philosophy which holds that reasoning is key to understanding reality

transclusion n
transkluzja

transcribe /trænˈskɹaɪb/ v
przepisywać transkrybować
linguistics: to represent speech by phonetic symbols

transcript /ˈtɹanskɹɪpt/ /ˈtɹænskɹɪpt/ n
odpis
copy of any kind; an imitation
transkrypt
sequence of RNA produced by transcription
transkrypcja
something which has been transcribed
written version of what was said orally

transcription /tɹænˈskɹɪpʃən/ n
transkrypcja
in linguistics

transducer n
przetwornik
device

transept n
transept

transfiguration n
przekształcenie przeobrażenie
a major change in appearance or form; a metamorphosis

transfinite /tɹænsˈfaɪnaɪt/ adj
pozaskończony
relating to transfinite numbers

transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌtɹæns.fə(ɹ)ˈmeɪ.ʃən/ n
przekształcenie transformacja
act of transforming
przemiana przeobrażenie
marked change in appearance or character
przekształcenie
mathematical term

transformer /tɹænsˈfɔɹmɚ/ /tɹænsˈfɔːmə/ n
transformator
device that changes the characteristics of AC electricity

transhumanism n
transhumanizm
philosophy favoring the use of science and technology

transience n
przelotność
impermanence that suggests the inevitability of ending or dying

transistor n
tranzystor
solid-state semiconductor device, with three terminals

transition /tɹænˈzɪʃən/ n
przekształcenie
process of change from one form, state, style or place to another

transitive /ˈtɹænzɪtɪv/ adj
przechodni
grammar, of a verb: taking an object or objects
set theory, of a relation on a set
tranzytywny
of a group action

transitive verb n
czasownik przechodni
a verb that is accompanied by a direct object

transl. adj
tłum.
abbreviation of the equivalent of translated

transl. n
tłum.
abbreviation of the equivalent of translation
abbreviation of the equivalent of translator

transl. v
tłum.
abbreviation of the equivalent of translate

translatability n
przekładalność przetłumaczalność
property of being translatable; ability to be translated

translatable adj
przekładalny
capable of being transferred from one context or environment to another
przekładalny przetłumaczalny
capable of being translated into another language

translate /tɹɑːnzˈleɪt/ /ˈtɹænzleɪt/ /ˈtɹɛnzlæet/ v
przesuwać po prostej
physics: to subject to translation
tłumaczyć przekładać przetłumaczyć przełożyć
to change text from one language to another

translation /tɹænzˈleɪʃən/ /tɹɑːnsˈleɪʃən/ n
tłumaczenie przekład
act of translating between languages
result of translating between languages
translacja przesunięcie
math, physics: motion without deformation or rotation

translation studies n
przekładoznawstwo traduktologia translatologia translatoryka
study of theory and practice of translating and interpreting

translator /ˈtɹænzleɪtɚ/ /ˈtɹɑːnzleɪtə/ n
tłumacz tłumaczka
someone who translates

transliteration /ˌtɹænzlɪtəˈɹeɪʃən/ n
transliteracja
product of transliterating

translucent /tɹænzˈluː.sənt/ adj
przeświecający półprzezroczysty
allowing light to pass through, but diffusing it
jasny przejrzysty
clear, lucid, or transparent

transmissible spongiform encephalopathy n
zakaźna encefalopatia gąbczasta
any fatal, degenerative disease transmitted by prions

transmitter n
nadajnik
electronic device
przekaźnik
one who or that which transmits something

transparency /tɹænsˈpæɹənsi/ /tɹænsˈpɛɹənsi/ n
przezroczystość przejrzystość
quality of being transparent; transparence

transparent /tɹæn(t)sˈpæɹənt/ /tɹæn(t)sˈpɛɹənt/ adj
jasny oczywisty
obvious
otwarty
open, publicly visible
przezroczysty przejrzysty
see-through, clear

transphobia n
transfobia
fear or hatred of transsexuality or transgenderism

transplant /tɹænzˈplænt/ /tɹɑːnzˈplɑːnt/ /ˈtɹænzplænt/ /ˈtɹɑːnzplɑːnt/ n
przeszczep
medicine: operation

transplant /tɹænzˈplænt/ /tɹɑːnzˈplɑːnt/ /ˈtɹænzplænt/ /ˈtɹɑːnzplɑːnt/ v
przeszczepiać
medicine: transfer (tissue/organ)

transport /tɹænzˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /tɹænzˈpoət/ /tɹænzˈpɔɹt/ /tɹænzˈpɔːt/ /ˈtɹænz.po(ː)ɹt/ /ˈtɹænz.poət/ /ˈtɹænz.pɔɹt/ /ˈtɹænz.pɔːt/ n
transport przewóz
act of transporting
transporter
military: vehicle used to transport troops

transport /tɹænzˈpo(ː)ɹt/ /tɹænzˈpoət/ /tɹænzˈpɔɹt/ /tɹænzˈpɔːt/ /ˈtɹænz.po(ː)ɹt/ /ˈtɹænz.poət/ /ˈtɹænz.pɔɹt/ /ˈtɹænz.pɔːt/ v
przewozić
carry or bear from one place to another
zsyłać
historical: deport to a penal colony

transportation /tɹænspɔːˈteɪʃən/ /tɹænspɚˈteɪʃən/ n
transport przewiezienie
act of transporting
zesłanie
deportation to a penal colony
środek transportu
means of conveyance

transsexual /tɹæn(z)ˈsɛkʃuəl/ adj
transseksualny
being a transsexual

transsexual /tɹæn(z)ˈsɛkʃuəl/ n
transseksualista transseksualistka
person whose gender identity did not match his/her birth sex, and who therefore is changing or has changed sex

transsexuality n
transseksualizm
the state, condition, or properties of being transsexual

transsexually adv
transseksualnie
in a transsexual way

transtheism n
transteizm
belief

transubstantiation n
transsubstancjacja przeistoczenie
Roman Catholic dogma

transverse adj
poprzeczny
lying across

transvestic adj
transwestytyczny
relating to transvestism

transvestism n
transwestytyzm
condition of being a transvestite

transvestite /tɹænzˈvɛstaɪt/ n
transwestyta transwestytka
cross-dresser

trap /tɹæp/ [t̠ɹ̝̊äp] n
dwukółka
(historical) light two-wheeled carriage with springs
syfon
bend, sag, or other device in a waste-pipe to prevent the escape of noxious gases
klapa
covering over a hole or opening; a trapdoor
pułapka potrzask zapadnia
device designed to catch or kill animals
wyrzutnia
device used to hold and suddenly release an object
trap
kind of movable stepladder
gęba
slang: mouth
pułapka zasadzka
trick or arrangement designed to catch someone in a more general sense

trap /tɹæp/ [t̠ɹ̝̊äp] v
łapać
to catch in a trap or traps

trapdoor n
klapa
door set into floor or ceiling
zapadnia
similar door on a stage

trapezium /tɹæˈpi.zi.əm/ /tɹəˈpiː.zi.əm/ n
trapezoid
polygon with no parallel sides and no equal sides
trapez
polygon with two parallel sides

trapped adj
schwytany złowiony
caught in a trap

trapper /ˈtɹæpɚ/ n
traper
one who traps animals

trash /tɹæʃ/ n
śmieci
things to be discarded

trauma /ˈtɹɑ.mə/ /ˈtɹɒ.mə/ /ˈtɹɔ.mə/ /ˈtɹɔː.mə/ n
trauma uraz psychiczny
emotional wound
uraz trauma
serious injury to the body

traumatic adj
traumatyczny
of, caused by, or causing trauma

travel /ˈtɹævəl/ n
podróż
act of traveling
podróże
plural: series of journeys

travel /ˈtɹævəl/ v
podróżować jeździć
be on a journey
przemieszczać się podróżować
pass from here to there; transmit
przemierzać
travel throughout

travel agency n
biuro podróży
company

traveling /ˈtɹæv.l̩iŋ/ n
podróżowanie
action of travelling

traveller /ˈtɹævələ/ /ˈtɹævəlɚ/ n
podróżnik
one who travels

travelling /ˈtɹævl̩iŋ/ n
podróżowanie
action of travelling

travelling salesman n
komiwojażer
itinerant salesperson

travelling salesman problem n
problem komiwojażera
mathematical problem

traverse /tɹəˈvɜːs/ /tɹəˈvɝs/ /ˈtɹævəs/ /ˈtɹævɚs/ v
trawersować
to travel across, often under difficult conditions

trawler n
trawler
fishing boat

tray /tɹeɪ/ n
tacka zasobnik
in computing
taca tacka
object on which things are carried

treacherous /ˈtɹɛtʃəɹəs/ adj
zdradziecki
exhibiting treachery

tread /tɹɛd/ n
bieżnik
grooves in a sole
grooves in tire
krok
step

tread /tɹɛd/ v
deptać podeptać zdeptać
to beat with one's feet; to trample
nadepnąć nastąpić stąpać
to step on

treadmill /ˈtɹɛd.mɪl/ n
bieżnia
piece of indoor sporting equipment

treason /ˈtɹiː.zən/ n
zdrada
crime of betraying one’s country
kolaboracja
providing aid and comfort to the enemy

treasure /ˈtɹɛʒə/ /ˈtɹɛʒɚ/ n
skarb
collection of valuable things
any single thing one values greatly
term of endearment

treasure hunt n
poszukiwanie skarbu
search for a treasure (game or real)

treasurer /ˈtɹɛʒəɹə(ɹ)/ n
skarbnik
official entrusted with the funds and revenues of an organisation

treasury /ˈtɹɛʒəɹi/ n
skarbiec
place where state or royal money and valuables are stored
skarbiec skarbnica
place where treasure is stored safely

treat /tɹit/ n
niespodzianka
An unexpected gift, event etc., which provides great pleasure

treat /tɹit/ v
potraktować
to handle, deal with or behave towards in a specific way
traktować
to subject to a chemical or other action

treatise /ˈtɹiːtɪs/ n
traktat
systematic discourse on some subject

treatment /ˈtɹiːtmənt/ n
leczenie
medical care for an illness or injury
traktowanie
process or manner of treating

treaty /ˈtɹiːdi/ /ˈtɹiːti/ /ˈtɹiːəti/ n
traktat umowa
a binding agreement under international law

treble clef n
klucz wiolinowy
music symbol

trebuchet /ˈtɹɛb.juˌʃɛt/ /ˈtɹɛbəʃɛt/ n
trebusz
trebuchet

tree /tɹi/ /tɹiː/ n
drzewo
large woody plant
(computing theory) recursive data structure
(graph theory) graph tree with no cycles
(graphical user interface) tree list
pole with storage hooks
prawidło
shoe tree

tree frog n
rzekotka drzewna
frog of the family Hylidae

tree hollow n
dziupla
tree hollow

tree sparrow n
mazurek
Passer montanus

tree trunk n
pień
the main structural member of a tree

treebank /ˈtɹiː.bæŋk/ n
bank drzew
database of trees

treecreeper n
pełzacz
any of various small passerine birds of the family Certhidae

treehouse /ˈtɹiːˌhaʊs/ n
domek na drzewie
a house within a tree

treestand n
ambona
hunting stand

trefoil /ˈtɹɛ.fɔɪl/ n
koniczyna
plant

trekking n
trekking
Walking, hiking

trematode n
przywra
parasitic worm of the class Trematoda

tremble /ˈtɹɛmbl̩/ v
drżeć
to shake

tremor /ˈtɹɛmɚ/ /ˈtɹɪmɚ/ n
wstrząs
earthquake
drżenie
shake, quiver, or vibration

tremor /ˈtɹɛmɚ/ /ˈtɹɪmɚ/ v
drżeć
to shake or quiver; to tremble

trench /tɹɛntʃ/ n
okop rów
long, narrow ditch or hole

trench warfare n
wojna pozycyjna
warfare in which opposing sides occupy trenches

trend /tɹɛnd/ n
tendencja trend
an inclination in a direction

trepanation /tɹɛpəˈneɪʃən/ n
trepanacja
practice of drilling a hole in the skull

trepidation /ˌtɹɛp.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən/ n
obawa trwoga
fearful state

treshchotka n
kołatka
an old Russian percussion instrument

treyf /tɹeɪf/ adj
trefny
not kosher

tri- /tɹaɪ/ prefix
trój-
three

trial /ˈtɹaɪəl/ n
rozprawa
appearance at judicial court
próba test
chance to test something out

trial and error n
metoda prób i błędów
solution by learning from mistakes

triangle /ˈtɹaɪəŋɡəl/ /ˈtɹaɪˌæŋɡəl/ n
trójkąt
percussion instrument
polygon

triangle inequality pn
nierówność trójkąta
the triangle inequality

tribe /tɹaɪb/ n
plemię ród
group of people

triboluminescence n
tryboluminescencja
production of light

tribunal /tɹaɪˈbjunəl/ /tɹaɪˈbjuːnəl/ n
trybunał sąd
assembly including one or more judges to conduct judicial business

tribune /ˈtɹɪbjuːn/ n
trybun
elected official in Ancient Rome
trybuna
place or an opportunity to speak; platform
rzecznik trybun
protector of the people

tributary /ˈtɹɪbjʊtəɹi/ n
dopływ
stream which flows into a larger one

tribute /ˈtɹɪbjuːt/ n
hołd wyrazy uznania
acknowledgment of gratitude, respect or admiration; an accompanying gift
danina
payment made by a feudal vassal to his lord

tricameralism n
trikameralizm
tricameralism

tricenarian n
trzydziestolatek trzydziestolatka
a person between age thirty and thirty-nine

trichinosis /tɹɪkəˈnoʊsɪs/ n
włośnica
disease caused by trichinae

trichology /tɹʌɪˈkɒlədʒi/ n
trychologia
knowledge or study of hair

trichotillomania n
trichotillomania
disorder

trick /tɹɪk/ n
chwyt fortel sposób sztuczka trik
effective, clever or quick way of doing something

tricolor adj
trójkolorowy trójbarwny
having three colors

tricolour n
trójkolorowy flaga trójkolorowa
A flag with three stripes of different colours

tricycle /ˈtɹaɪsɪkəl/ n
trycykl
cycle with three wheels

trident /ˈtɹaɪ̯dənt/ n
trójząb
three-pronged spear

trifle /ˈtɹaɪfəl/ n
fraszka
thing of little importance or worth

trigger /ˈtɹɪɡə/ n
spust
wyzwalacz
SQL procedure
spust cyngiel
finger-operated lever used to fire a gun
spust wyzwalacz
similar device used to activate any mechanism

trigonometric /ˌtɹɪɡ ə nəˈmɛ tɹɪk/ adj
trygonometryczny
of or relating to trigonometry

trigonometric function n
funkcja trygonometryczna
a function of an angle

trigonometry n
trygonometria
branch of mathematics

trihedron n
trójścian
geometric figure

trill /tɹɪl/ n
tryl
rapid alternation of notes
spółgłoska drżąca
vibrating consonant

trillion /ˈtɹɪljən/ numeral
trylion
a million million million, 1018
bilion
a million million, 1012

trim /tɹɪm/ v
trymować
to adjust sails

trimaran n
trimaran
type of boat

trimester /ˈtɹaɪ.mɛs.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɹaɪ.mɛs.təɹ/ n
trymestr
term of academic year

trinitarianism n
trynitarianizm
doctrine of three persons or hypostases in one Godhead

trinomial n
trójmian
an expression consisting of three terms

trip /tɹɪp/ n
podróż wycieczka
journey
haj kop odjazd odlot odurzenie
period of time in which one experiences drug-induced reverie or hallucinations
potknięcie
stumble or misstep

trip /tɹɪp/ v
być na haju latać mieć odlot
to experience a state of reverie or to hallucinate

tripe /tɹaɪp/ n
flak wnętrzności
entrails
chałtura szmira wypociny
something valueless
flaki
stomach lining of animal for food

triphthong /ˈtɹɪfθɑŋ/ /ˈtɹɪfθɒŋ(ɡ)/ /ˈtɹɪfθɔŋ/ n
tryftong
monosyllabic vowel combination involving movement from one vowel to another

triplane n
trójpłat trójpłatowiec
airplane that has three pairs of wings

triple jump n
trójskok
athletics field event

triplet n
trojaczek
one of three siblings born at the same time of the same mother

triplicate /ˈtɹɪp.lɪ.keɪt/ /ˈtɹɪp.lɪ.kət/ n
trzecia kopia
each of a set of three identical objects

triplicate /ˈtɹɪp.lɪ.keɪt/ /ˈtɹɪp.lɪ.kət/ v
wykonać w trzech egzemplarzach
to make three copies
potroić
to triple

tripod /ˈtɹaɪpɑd/ /ˈtɹaɪpɒd/ n
statyw trójnóg
a three-legged stand or mount

triptych /ˈtɹɪptɪk/ n
tryptyk
art: a picture or series of pictures painted on three tablets connected by hinges

triquetra /tɹaɪˈkwɛtɹə/ n
triquatra triquetra
shape formed of three vesica piscis

trireme /ˈtɹaɪ.ɹiːm/ n
trirema
galley with three banks of oars

trisomy 21 n
trisomia 21
syndrome

tritheism n
tryteizm
belief in three gods
form of Christianity that denies the Trinity

triticale /ˌtɹɪtɪˈkeɪli/ n
pszenżyto
grain crop
any particular variety of triticale

tritium n
tryt
radioactive isotope of hydrogen

triton n
tryton
tritium nucleus

triumph /ˈtɹaɪ.ʌmf/ /ˈtɹaɪ.ʌmpf/ n
triumf tryumf
conclusive success; victory; conquest

triumphal arch n
łuk triumfalny
monumental arch that commemorates a victory

triumvirate /tɹaɪ.ˈʌm.vəɹ.ɪt/ n
triumwirat
a ruling group of three

trivia /ˈtɹɪvi.ə/ n
ciekawostka
insignificant trifles of little importance

trivial /ˈtɹɪ.vi.əl/ adj
trywialny
common, ordinary
trywialny błahy
of little significance or value

trocar n
trokar
medical instrument

trochanter n
krętarz
anatomy:end of femur
second segment of the leg of some arthropods

trochee /ˈtɹəʊki/ n
trochej
a metrical foot

troglodyte /ˈtɹɑɡlədaɪt/ /ˈtɹɒɡlədaɪt/ n
troglodyta
reclusive or out-of-date person

troika /ˈtɹɔɪ.kə/ n
trojka trójka
carriage

troll /tɹoʊl/ /tɹəʊl/ n
troll
person who provokes others

trolley n
wózek
cart or shopping cart

trolley bus n
trolejbus
bus powered via overhead electric cables

trolling n
trolling
an instance of trolling - provoking others

trombone /ˌtɹɑmˈboʊn/ /ˌtɹɒmˈbəʊn/ n
puzon
a musical instrument in the brass family

trombonist /tɹɑmˈboʊ.nɪst/ /tɹɒmˈbəʊ.nɪst/ n
puzonista puzonistka
person who plays the trombone

trophy /ˈtɹoʊfi/ n
trofeum
object rewarding success

tropic n
zwrotnik
either of the two parallels

tropical /ˈtɹoʊ.pɪ.kəl/ /ˈtɹɒp.ɪ.kəl/ /ˈtɹəʊ.pɪ.kəl/ adj
tropikalny
from or similar to a hot humid climate
tropikalny zwrotnikowy
of or pertaining to the tropics

troposphere n
troposfera
lower levels of the atmosphere

trot /tɹɑt/ n
kłus
gait of an animal between walk and canter

trouble /ˈtɹʌb(ə)l/ n
problem kłopot
difficulty
kłopoty
distressful or dangerous situation
trud
effort

trouble /ˈtɹʌb(ə)l/ v
dokuczać niepokoić przeszkadzać
to bother; to annoy

trouble-free adj
bezproblemowy
without trouble

troublemaker n
mąciwoda
one who causes trouble, especially deliberately

troublesome /ˈtɹʌbəlsəm/ adj
kłopotliwy
giving trouble

trough /tɹɑf/ /tɹɑθ/ /tɹɒf/ /tɹɔf/ /tɹɔθ/ n
rynna
a gutter under the eaves of a building
niż zatoka
a linear atmospheric depression associated with a weather front
dolina
a long, narrow depression between waves or ridges
koryto żłób
a long, narrow, open container for feeding animals
a long, narrow container open at the top
rów
short, narrow drainage canal

trout /tɹaʊt/ /tɹʌʊt/ n
pstrąg
fish

trowel /ˈtɹaʊ.əl/ n
kielnia
mason's tool

truancy n
wagary wagarowanie
the act of shirking from responsibilities and duties

truant n
wagarowicz
One who is absent without permission

truce /ˈtɹuːs/ n
rozejm zawieszenie broni
a period of time in which no fighting takes place
rozejm
an agreement between opposed parties

truck /tɹʌk/ /t͡ʃɹʌk/ n
ciężarówka samochód ciężarowy
vehicle designed for carrying cargo

true /tɹjuː/ /tɹu/ /tɹuː/ adj
prawdziwy
A state in Boolean logic that indicates an affirmative or positive result
Genuine
prawdziwy istny
concurring with a given set of facts

truffle /ˈtɹʌ.fəl/ n
trufla
tuber

trump /tɹʌmp/ [t͡ʃɹʌmp] n
atut
something that gives one an advantage
suit that outranks all others

trumpet /ˈtɹʌmpɪt/ n
trąbka trąba
brass instrument
trąbienie
musician playing a trumpet

trumpet /ˈtɹʌmpɪt/ v
trąbić
make an elephant call
grać na trąbce
play the instrument

trumpeter /ˈtɹʌmpɪtə/ /ˈtɹʌmpɪtɚ/ n
trębacz trębaczka
person who plays the trumpet

truncheon /ˈtɹʌntʃən/ n
gumowa pałka policyjna
a baton, or military staff of command, now especially the stick carried by a police officer

trunk /tɹʌŋk/ n
trąba
extended nasal organ of an elephant
kufer skrzynia
large suitcase or chest
bagażnik
luggage storage compartment of a sedan/saloon style car
magistrala
telecommunications line
pień
tree trunk

trust /tɹʌst/ [t͡ʃɹʌst] n
trust
a group of businessmen or traders
zaufanie
confidence in or reliance on some person or quality

trust /tɹʌst/ [t͡ʃɹʌst] v
ufać
to place confidence in

truth /tɹuːθ/ n
prawda
conformity to fact or reality
that which is real
true facts
something acknowledged to be true
prawda racja wierność
state or quality of being true to someone or something

truth table n
tablica prawdy
table showing all possible truth values for an expression

truth value n
wartość logiczna
values in logic

truthfulness n
prawdomówność
quality of being truthful

try /tɹaɪ/ n
próba
an attempt

try /tɹaɪ/ v
próbować starać się
to attempt
próbować
to make an experiment
to taste, sample, etc
testować
to put to test

try on v
przymierzać przymierzyć
to test the look of

tryptophan /ˈtɹɪptə(ʊ)fan/ n
tryptofan
essential amino acid

tryst /tɹɪst/ n
randka schadzka
prearranged meeting, now especially between lovers

tsar /(t)sɑɹ/ /(t)sɑː/ /zɐː/ n
car
an emperor

tsardom /ˈ(t)sɑː(ɹ)dəm/ n
carstwo
the territory ruled by a tsar

tsarina /tsaˈɹiːnə/ n
caryca
empress or wife of a tsar

tsarism n
carat caryzm
system of government

tsunami /suˈnæmi/ /suˈnɑmi/ /suːˈnɑːmi/ n
tsunami
large, destructive wave generally caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean

tuba /ˈtjuː.bə/ /ˈtu.bə/ n
tuba
a large brass musical instrument

tubaist n
tubista
one who plays the tuba

tube /tjuːb/ /tuːb/ n
rura
a pipe
puszka
a tin can
tubka tuba
cylindrical container

tuber /tjuːbə(ɹ)/ n
bulwa
fleshy underground stem

tubercular adj
gruźliczy
pertaining to tuberculosis

tuberculosis n
gruźlica suchoty tuberkuloza
infectious disease

tuberose n
tuberoza bulwiasta
Polianthes tuberosa

tubist n
tubista tubiści
one who plays the tuba

tuft /tʌft/ n
kępka
bunch

tufted antshrike n
sadzak posepny
passerine bird of the antibird family

tufted duck n
czernica
species of duck

tufted titmouse n
sikora dwubarwna
Baeolophus bicolor

tug of war n
przeciąganie liny
game

tugboat /ˈtʌɡboʊt/ /ˈtʌɡbəʊt/ n
holownik
small, powerful boat

tughra n
tugra
signature of an Ottoman sultan

tuition /tjuːˈɪʃən/ /tuˈɪʃən/ /ˈtjuːʃən/ n
czesne
sum of money paid for instruction
korepetycje
training or instruction provided by a teacher or tutor

tulip /ˈt(j)uːlɪp/ n
tulipan
plant

tulip tree n
tulipanowiec
North American tree

tulle /tuːl/ n
tiul
kind of silk lace

tumble dryer n
suszarka suszarka do ubrań
electrical device

tumbler /ˈtʌmblɚ/ n
kulawka szklanka
drinking glass without stem

tumbleweed /ˈtʌmbəlwiːd/ /ˈtʌmbəlˌwid/ n
biegacz
plant which breaks loose and is driven by the wind

tummy /tʌmi/ n
brzuszek
childish language for stomach

tumor /tjuː.mə/ /tuː.məɹ/ n
guz nowotwór opuchlizna
oncology, pathology: an abnormal growth

tumultuous /t(j)uˈmʌl.tʃu.əs/ /tjʊˈmʌl.tjʊ.əs/ adj
zgiełkliwy
characterized by loud, confused noise

tumulus /ˈtjuːmjələs/ /ˈtuːmjələs/ n
kopiec kurhan
mound of earth

tuna /ˈtjuː.nə/ /ˈtu.nə/ n
tuńczyk
fish

tundra /ˈtʌndɹə/ n
tundra
flat treeless arctic region

tune /t(j)un/ /tjuːn/ n
melodia
melody

tune /t(j)un/ /tjuːn/ v
stroić
to modify a musical instrument

tungsten /ˈtʌŋstən/ n
wolfram
chemical element

tunic /tjuːnɪk/ n
tunika
garment

tunnel /ˈtʌn(ə)l/ n
tunel
an underground or underwater passage

tuple /tuːp(ə)l/ /tʊp(ə)l/ n
krotka
in set theory
row (record) in a database
set of values passed as a parameter

turban /ˈtɜː(ɹ)bən/ n
turban zawój
man's head-dress
zawoik zawój
woman's hat

turbine /ˈtɜ(ɹ)baɪn/ n
turbina
rotary machine

turbocharger n
turbosprężarka
inlet air compressor for an internal combustion engine

turboprop n
silnik turbośmigłowy
type of gas-turbine aircraft engine

turd /tɜːd/ /tɝd/ n
gówno
piece of solid feces

tureen /təˈɹiːn/ n
waza
broad deep serving dish for soup or stew

turkey /ˈtəːki/ /ˈtɜː(ɹ)ki/ /ˈtɜːki/ /ˈtɝki/ n
indyk indyczka
bird

turmeric /ˈtɜɹ.məɹ.ɪk/ /ˈtɜː.m(ə).ɹɪk/ n
kurkuma kurkuma długa
spice

turn /tɜːn/ /tɝn/ n
kolej
chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others
obrót skręt
change of direction or orientation
obrót
movement about an axis ending up with the same orientation
kolej tura
one's chance to make a move in a game

turn /tɜːn/ /tɝn/ v
skręcać skręcić
change one's direction of travel
obracać obrócić
change the direction or orientation of (something)
zmieniać zmieniać się zmienić zmienić się
metamorphose
obracać się obrócić się
move around an axis through itself

turn a blind eye v
przymknąć oko
to ignore or deliberately overlook

turn around v
odwracać się odwrócić się
to change to the opposite direction from a previous position
obrócić się obracać się
to physically rotate horizontally 360 degrees

turn away v
odwracać się
to rotate the body or head so as not to face someone or something

turn down v
odrzucać
refuse, decline, deny

turn in one's grave v
przewracać się w grobie
be appalled, offended or disgusted by something, despite being deceased

turn of events n
obrót sprawy
deviation from the expected

turn off v
zakręcać zakręcić
rotate a tap or valve to stop outflow
wyłączyć gasić wyłączać zgasić
switch off appliance or light

turn on v
włączać się włączyć się
(intransitive) to power up
włączać włączyć
(transitive) to activate an appliance, light, mechanism, functionality etc.
podniecać
to arouse
odkręcać odkręcić
to set a flow of fluid or gas running by rotating a tap or valve

turn the other cheek v
nadstawić drugi policzek
accept injury without revenge

turn to v
zwracać się zwrócić się
to consult for advice

turn up v
podgłaśniać podgłośnić
increase volume etc.

turncoat /ˈtəːn.kəʊt/ /ˈtɝn.koʊt/ n
zdrajca
a traitor

turner /ˈtɜːnə(ɹ)/ /ˈtɜːɹnəɹ/ n
tokarz
person working a lathe

turnip /ˈtɜː.nɪp/ /ˈtɜ˞.nɪp/ n
rzepa
white root of Brassica rapa

turnover n
rożek francuski
pastry
rotacja wymiana
rate of change or replacement
obrót przychód
sales transacted

turntable /ˈtɜːnteɪb(ə)l/ /ˈtɝnˌteɪbəl/ n
talerz
circular rotating platform of a record player or a disk jockey's console
gramofon
record player
obrotnica
rotating platform for turning locomotives

turquoise /ˈtɚ.k(w)ɔɪz/ /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪz/ adj
turkusowy turkus
having a pale greenish-blue colour
turkusowy
made of turquoise

turquoise /ˈtɚ.k(w)ɔɪz/ /ˈtɜː(ɹ).k(w)ɔɪz/ n
turkus
gemstone
colour

turret /ˈtʌɹət/ n
wieżyczka
a little tower
a revolving tower constructed of thick iron plates

turtle /ˈtɜːtəl/ /ˈtɝtəl/ n
żółw
land or marine reptile with a shell
żółw wodny
sea turtle

turtle dove /ˈtɜːtəldʌv/ /ˈtɝtəldʌv/ n
turkawka
bird in the genus Streptopelia

turtleneck n
golf
high, close-fitting collar rolled up
turtleneck sweater

tusk /ˈtʌsk/ n
cios kieł
pointed tooth

tussock /ˈtʌs.ək/ n
kępa
tuft or clump of grass or verdure

tutorial /tjuːˈtɔːɹɪəl/ /tuwˈtɔɹijəɫ/ /tʃʉˈtoːɹiəɫ/ n
poradnik samouczek
self-paced learning exercise

tuxedo /tʌkˈsidoʊ/ /tʌkˈsiːdəʊ/ n
smoking
formal jacket
formal suit

tvorog n
twaróg
a soft Russian curd cheese

twaddle /ˈtwɑdəl/ /ˈtwɒdəl/ n
gadanina paplanina bajdy brednie bzdurzenie chrzanienie
Empty or silly idle talk or writing

twaddle /ˈtwɑdəl/ /ˈtwɒdəl/ v
paplać gadać
To talk or write nonsense

twat /twæt/ /twɑt/ n
cipa piczka
vulgar slang, vagina

tweet /twiːt/ interjection
ćwir

tweet /twiːt/ n
trel ćwierkanie
sound

tweet /twiːt/ v
ćwierkać
to make a short high-pitched sound

tweezers n
pęseta pinceta
small pincer-like instrument, usually made of metal, used for handling small objects

twelfth /twɛlfθ/ adj
dwunasty
ordinal form of twelve

twelve /twɛlv/ numeral
dwanaście dwanaścioro
cardinal number 12

twelve-tone technique n
dodekafonia
system of musical composition

twentieth /ˈtwɛnti.əθ/ adj
dwudziesty
ordinal form of twenty

twenty /ˈtwɛnti/ /ˈtwʌnti/ numeral
dwadzieścia dwadzieścioro
cardinal number

twenty-eight numeral
dwadzieścia osiem
number

twenty-five /ˌtwɛntiˈfaɪv/ numeral
dwadzieścia pięć
twenty-five

twenty-four /ˌtwɛntiˈfo(ː)ɹ/ /ˌtwɛntiˈfoə/ /ˌtwɛntiˈfɔɹ/ /ˌtwɛntiˈfɔː/ numeral
dwadzieścia cztery
cardinal number

twenty-four seven adv
dwadzieścia cztery godziny na dobę dwadzieścia cztery na dobę siedem dni w tygodniu
constantly

twenty-nine numeral
dwadzieścia dziewięć
cardinal number

twenty-one numeral
dwadzieścia jeden
cardinal number

twenty-seven numeral
dwadzieścia siedem
twenty-seven

twenty-six numeral
dwadzieścia sześć
cardinal number

twenty-three numeral
dwadzieścia trzy
twenty-three

twenty-two numeral
dwadzieścia dwa
twenty-two

twice /twaɪs/ adv
dwukrotnie
two times

twig /twɪɡ/ n
gałązka
a small thin branch

twilight /ˈtwaɪlaɪt/ n
zmierzch zmrok
light before rising and after the setting of the Sun

twin /twɪn/ adj
bliźniaczy
forming a pair of twins

twin /twɪn/ n
bliźniak bliźniaczka
either of two people who shared the same uterus, or of two similar or closely related objects

twin-engine adj
dwusilnikowy

twine /twaɪn/ n
dratwa
strong thread

twinkle /ˈtwɪŋkl̩/ v
migotać
to shine with a flickering light; to glimmer

twist /twɪst/ v
kręcić
to turn the ends in opposite directions

twitch /twɪt͡ʃ/ n
dutka
(farriery)

twite /twaɪt/ n
rzepołuch
Carduelis flavirostris

twitter /ˈtwɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈtwɪ.tɚ/ n
świergot
sound made by birds

twitter /ˈtwɪ.tə(ɹ)/ /ˈtwɪ.tɚ/ v
ćwierkać
to utter chirps

two /tu/ /tuː/ /twuː/ n
dwójka dwa
digit or figure

two /tu/ /tuː/ /twuː/ numeral
dwa
one plus one
dwójka para
set or group with two components

two beers, please phraseologicalUnit
dwa piwa, proszę
two beers, please

two cents n
trzy grosze
one's opinion

two days after tomorrow adv
popojutrze

two heads are better than one proverb
co dwie głowy, to nie jedna
joint thinking pays

two hundred /ˈtuː ˈhʌn.dɹəd/ numeral
dwieście
cardinal number 200

two pennies' worth n
trzy grosze
one's opinion

two thousand numeral
dwa tysiące
cardinal number

two-faced /ˈtuːˈfeɪst/ adj
dwulicowy

two-legged adj
dwunożny
having two legs

two-sided adj
dwustronny
having two sides

two-stroke engine n
dwusuw dwutakt silnik dwusuwowy
an engine in which the pistons perform two strokes per engine cycle

two-way adj
dwukierunkowy
moving in both directions

tycoon /taɪˈkuːn/ n
magnat
wealthy, powerful business person

tympanites n
wzdęcie
distended abdomen

tympanum n
tympanon
triangular space between the sides of a pediment

type /taɪp/ n
czcionka
block with a raised letter or character on its surface
typ
computing theory: tag indicating data type
typ rodzaj
grouping based on shared characteristics

type /taɪp/ v
wpisywać
to enter characters into a computer using keyboard

type species n
gatunek typowy

typecast /ˈtaɪp.kæst/ /ˈtaɪp.kɑːst/ v
rzutować
to change an entity of one datatype into another
szufladkować zaszufladkować
to identify someone as being of a specific type

typeface n
krój pisma
font family

typescript /ˈtʌɪpskɹɪpt/ n
maszynopis
typewritten material, especially such a copy of a manuscript

typesetter n
zecer
a typesetter

typewriter [ˈtaɪpˌɹaɪtə(ɹ)] n
maszyna do pisania
machine used to print text by pressing keys
maszynistka
one who uses a typewriter

typhoid fever n
dur brzuszny
illness

typhoon /taɪˈfun/ /taɪˈfuːn/ n
tajfun
hurricane in the Pacific

typhus /ˈtaɪfəs/ n
tyfus
disease

typically adv
typowo
in a typical manner
in an expected or customary manner

typist /ˈtaɪpɪst/ n
maszynistka
person who types

typo /ˈtaɪpəʊ/ n
literówka błąd drukarski
error

typographer n
kornik drukarz
kind of bark beetle
drukarz
person skilled in typography

typography /taɪˈpɑːɡɹəfi/ /taɪˈpɒɡɹəfi/ n
typografia
art and technique

tyrannical /tɪˈɹæ.nɪ.kəl/ adj
tyrański
of, or relating to tyranny, of a tyrant

tyrannosaurus /tɪˌɹænəˈsɔːɹəs/ n
tyranozaur
dinosaur

tyranny /ˈtɪɹəni/ n
tyrania
government in which a single ruler has absolute power
absolute power, or its use
extreme severity or rigour

tyrant /ˈtaɪɹənt/ n
tyran
absolute ruler
harsh and cruel ruler
oppressive and harsh person

tyre /taɪə(ɹ)/ n
opona guma
wheel covering

tyrosine n
tyrozyna
nonessential amino acid

tzaddik /ˈtsɑː.diːk/ n
cadyk
a very righteous person

tzatziki /tsæˈtsɪ.kɪ/ n
tzatziki
appetizer made from yoghurt

tzitzit n
cicit cyces
knots on a tallit

u /a/ /juː/ /ʌ/ n
u u otwarte
name of the letter U, u

ubiquitous /juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/ adj
wszechobecny wszędobylski
being everywhere
wszechobecny
seeming to appear everywhere at the same time

ubiquity /juˈbɪkwɪti/ n
wszechobecność
omnipresence

ubuntu n
ubuntu
ubuntu

udarnik n
przodownik pracy
shock worker, super-productive worker in the Soviet Union and the other countries from the Soviet Block

udder /ˈʌdə/ /ˈʌdɚ/ n
wymię
organ formed of the mammary glands of female quadruped mammals

udon n
udon
udon

ugh [ɯx] interjection
fu
to express disgust

ugliness n
brzydota
condition of being ugly
unsightly or frightful object

ugly /ˈʌɡli/ adj
brzydki
displeasing to the eye; not aesthetically pleasing

ugly as sin adj
brzydki jak noc brzydki jak noc listopadowa
extremely ugly

ugly duckling n
brzydkie kaczątko
one who is ugly, but who is expected to become beautiful as they mature

uhlan /ˈ(j)uːlən/ n
ułan
soldier with lance

ukha n
ucha
a soup in Russian cuisine

ukulele /juː.kə.ˈleɪ.li/ /ˈʔukuˈlɛlɛ/ n
ukulele
small four-stringed guitar

ulcer /ʌlsə/ /ʌlsɚ/ n
wrzód
open sore

ultimate /ˈʌltəmɪt/ /ˈʌltɪmɪt/ adj
ostatni
final; last in a series
największy najwyższy
greatest or maximum

ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/ adv
ostatecznie
indicating the last item

ultrafilter n
ultrafiltr

ultramontanism n
ultramontanizm
Roman Catholic philosophy that emphasises the prerogatives and powers of the Pope

ultrasound n
ultradźwięk
sound

ultraviolet adj
ultrafioletowy nadfioletowy
radiation with wavelengths from 380 nanometre - 10 nanometre

ultraviolet n
ultrafiolet
colour

umbel n
baldach
type of flower cluster

umbellifer n
selerowate
any plant of the family Apiaceae/Umbelliferae

umbilical cord n
pępowina
cord between foetus and placenta

umbrella /ʌmˈbɹɛlə/ /ˈʌmbɹɛlə/ n
parasol parasolka
cloth-covered frame used for protection against rain or sun

ummah /ˈʊmə/ n
umma
the worldwide Muslim community

un- prefix
nie- bez-
denoting a lack of
nie-
denoting absence
violative of; contrary to

unabated /ʌn.əˈbeɪ.tɪd/ adj
niesłabnący
continuing at full strength

unambiguous adj
jednoznaczny
clear, and having no uncertainty or ambiguity

unanimity /juːnəˈnɪmɪti/ n
jednomyślność
condition

unanimous /juˈnænəməs/ /juːˈnanɪməs/ adj
jednogłośny jednomyślny
based on unanimity
jednomyślny
sharing the same view

unanimously adv
jednomyślnie
in a unanimous manner

unassuming /ʌnəˈsjuːmɪŋ/ adj
bezpretensjonalny skromny
modest with no pretensions or ostentation

unavailable adj
niedostępny
not available

unavoidable adj
nieunikniony
impossible to avoid

unavoidably adv
nieuchronnie
in an unavoidable manner

unbearable adj
nieznośny
so unpleasant or painful as to be unendurable

unbearably adv
nieznośnie
in an unbearable manner

unbeknownst /ˌʌnbɪˈnoʊnst/ adv
bez wiedzy
Without the knowledge of

unbelievable /ˌʌnbəˈliːvəbl̩/ adj
niewiarygodny
implausible
niewiarygodny niebywały
incredible

unbiased adj
bezstronny
impartial or without bias or prejudice

unbibium /ˌʌnˈbɪbi.əm/ n
unbibium
element

unbinilium n
unbinilium
chemical element

unbiunium n
unbiunium

uncanny valley n
dolina niesamowitości
subtle differences from human behaviour that may cause negative reactions

uncertain /ʌnˈsɜːtən/ adj
nieokreślony niepewny
not known for certain; questionable
niepewny niezdecydowany
not yet determined; undecided

uncertainly /ʌnˈsɜːtn̩li/ /ʌnˈsɝtn̩li/ adv
niepewnie niezdecydowanie
in an uncertain manner

uncertainty /ʌnˈsɜːtənti/ /ʌnˈsɝtənti/ n
niepewność
doubt; the condition of being uncertain

uncle /ˈʌŋ.kəl/ [ˈɐŋ.kəɫ] n
wuj wujek stryj stryjek
brother (or brother-in-law) of someone’s parent

unclear /ʌnˈklɪɚ/ adj
niejasny
ambiguous; liable to more than one interpretation
not clearly or explicitly defined

unco adj
nieogar
uncoordinated

uncompromising adj
bezkompromisowy
inflexible and unwilling to negotiate or make concessions

unconditional /ˌʌnkənˈdɪʃənəl/ adj
bezwarunkowy
without conditions

unconditionally adv
bezwarunkowo
without condition

unconstitutional adj
niekonstytucyjny
contrary to the constitution

unconstitutionality n
niekonstytucyjność
status of being unconstitutional

uncountable /ʌnˈkaʊntəbəl/ adj
niepoliczalny
linguistics: about a noun which cannot be counted
too many to be counted
nieprzeliczalny
mathematics: incapable of being enumerated by natural numbers

uncritical adj
bezkrytyczny
indulgent or undiscriminating; slow to criticize

unction /ʌŋkʃən/ n
namaszczenie
religious or ceremonial anointing
salve or ointment

undead /ʌnˈdɛd/ adj
nieumarły
being animate, though non-living

undead /ʌnˈdɛd/ n
nieumarli
those creatures which are dead but still animate

undecidable adj
nierozstrzygalny
incapable of being algorithmically decided

undecided adj
niepewny
open and not yet settled or determined
niezdecydowany
uncommitted, not having reached a decision

undecipherable adj
nie do odszyfrowania
not easily dechiphered

undeniable adj
niezaprzeczalny
irrefutable, or impossible to deny

under /ˈʊndə/ /ˈʌndə(ɹ)/ /ˈʌndɚ/ preposition
pod
beneath the surface of
in a lower level than
subject of
poniżej mniej niż
less than

under no circumstances
w żadnym wypadku
never ever

under one's breath
pod nosem
softly

under one's thumb
pod pantoflem
under one's thumb

under way
w toku
in operation or in process

underfeed v
głodzić niedożywiać
to feed insufficiently

underfoot /ʌndəˈfʊt/ /ʌndɚˈfʊt/ adv
pod nogami pod nogi
under one's feet

undergo v
doświadczyć doświadczać przechodzić przejść
to experience

underground adj
podziemny
below the ground
undergroundowy
outside the mainstream

underground n
podziemie
movement or organisation of people who resist artistic convention
podziemie ruch oporu
movement or organisation of people who resist political convention

underline /ˈʌndəˌlaɪn/ /ˈʌndɚˌlaɪn/ /ˌʌndəˈlaɪn/ /ˌʌndɚˈlaɪn/ n
podkreślenie
an _ character
line underneath text

underline /ˈʌndəˌlaɪn/ /ˈʌndɚˌlaɪn/ /ˌʌndəˈlaɪn/ /ˌʌndɚˈlaɪn/ v
podkreślać
to emphasise or stress something
to draw an underline

underneath /ʌndəˈniθ/ /ʌndɚˈniθ/ adv
pod spodem
below; in a place beneath
on the underside or lower face of

underneath /ʌndəˈniθ/ /ʌndɚˈniθ/ n
dół spód
the part under or lower

underneath /ʌndəˈniθ/ /ʌndɚˈniθ/ preposition
pod
under, below, beneath

undernutrition n
niedożywienie
inadequate nutrition

underpants n
majtki gacie gatki slipy
underwear

underpin /ˌʌn.dəˈpɪn/ /ˌʌn.dɚˈpɪn/ v
podtrzymywać
To give support to
To support from below with props or masonry

underrated adj
niedoceniany niedoceniony
not given enough recognition

underscore /ˈʌn.də(ɹ)ˌskɔː(ɹ)/ n
podkreślnik podkreślenie
an underline

undersea adj
podmorski
beneath the sea

understand /(ˌ)ʌndəˈstænd/ /ˌɞndəɹˈstand/ /ˌʌndɚˈstænd/ v
rozumieć
to believe one grasps the meaning of
rozumieć być świadomym znaczenia pojmować
to grasp the meaning of
rozumieć pojmować
to impute meaning to

understandable adj
zrozumiały
capable of being understood
capable of being accepted or excused

understanding /ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/ /ˌʌndəɹˈstændɪŋ/ adj
wyrozumiały
Showing compassion

understanding /ʌndəˈstandɪŋ/ /ˌʌndəɹˈstændɪŋ/ n
zrozumienie pojmowanie
mental process of comprehension, assimilation of knowledge, subjective by its nature

understate v
niedomówić niedookreślić
to state something with less completeness than needed

understatement n
niedomówienie niedookreślenie
Statement less than complete

undertake /ʌndəˈteɪk/ v
przedsięwziąć
to commit oneself to an obligation

undertaking /ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌteɪkɪŋ/ n
przedsięwzięcie
That which is undertaken

underwater adj
podwodny
beneath the water surface

underway adv
w toku
in motion, in progress; being done or carried out

underwear /ˈʌndəwɛə/ /ˈʌndɚˌwɛɹ/ n
bielizna
clothes worn next to the skin

underweight adj
niedowaga
of an inappropriately or unusually low weight

underwhelm v
rozczarować
fail to impress

underworld n
półświatek
part of society engaged in crime or vice
zaświaty
world of the dead

underwrite /ˈʌndəɹaɪt/ v
odpisać ubezpieczyć
to assume financial responsibility for something

undesirable adj
niepożądany
objectionable or not likely to please

undisputed adj
niekwestionowany
unchallenged
universally agreed upon

undress /ʌnˈdɹɛs/ /ʌnˈdʒɹɛs/ v
rozbierać się
(intransitive) remove one's clothing
rozbierać
(transitive) remove somebody’s clothing

undulate /ˈʌndjəleɪt/ /ˈʌndjələt/ /ˈʌndjəlɪt/ adj
falujący
changing one's voice
falisty pofałdowany
wavy in appearance or form

undulate /ˈʌndjəleɪt/ /ˈʌndjələt/ /ˈʌndjəlɪt/ v
falować
intransitive: move in wavelike motions
zafalować
transitive: cause to move in a wave

undulated antshrike n
mrówkodzierzb falisty
bird

undulation n
falistość
appearance or outline
zafalowanie
instance or act
falowanie
wavelike motion

unemployed adj
bezrobotny niezatrudniony
having no job

unemployed n
bezrobotni
the unemployed as a group

unemployment /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ n
bezrobocie
joblessness

unethical adj
nieetyczny
not morally approvable

unexpected /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/ adj
nieoczekiwany
not expected, anticipated or foreseen

unexpectedly /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/ adv
nieoczekiwanie niespodziewanie niespodzianie
in an unexpected manner

unfair /ʌnˈfɛə(ɹ)/ /ʌnˈfɛɚ/ adj
niesprawiedliwy nieuczciwy
not fair

unfairness n
niesprawiedliwość
state of being unfair

unforeseen adj
nieprzewidziany niespodziewany
not expected
nieprzewidziany
not foreseen

unforgettable adj
niezapomniany
which is very difficult to forget

unforgivable adj
niewybaczalny
not forgivable

unforgiving adj
pamiętliwy
not forgiving

unfortunately /ʌnˈfɔɹt͡ʃənɪtli/ /ʌnˈfɔːtjʊnətli/ adv
niestety
happening through bad luck

unfounded adj
bezpodstawny
not based on solid reasons or facts

unfruitful adj
bezowocny
Not bearing fruit

unfurl /ʌnˈfəːl/ /ʌnˈfɝl/ v
rozwijać rozwinąć
to unroll or release

ungodly /ʌnˈɡɒdli/ adj
bezbożny
unreasonable

ungrammatical adj
niegramatyczny
in violation of one or more of the rules and conventions of a language

ungrateful /ʌnˈɡɹeɪtfəl/ adj
niewdzięczny
not grateful

ungulate /ˈʌŋɡjələt/ adj
kopytny
having hooves

unhappiness n
nieszczęście
feeling of not being happy

unhelpful /ʌnˈhɛlpfəl/ adj
nieprzydatny
not helpful

unheralded adj
nieoczekiwany
Without prior warning; unexpected or unannounced

unicameral /junɨˈkæməɹəl/ /juːniːˈkaməɹəl/ adj
jednoizbowy unikameralny
having a single legislative chamber

unicellular adj
jednokomórkowy
having a single cell

unicellular n
jednokomórkowiec
single-celled organism

unicorn /ˈjunɪkɔɹn/ /ˈjuːnɪkɔːn/ n
jednorożec
mythical beast

unicycle /ˈjunɪsaɪkl̩/ n
monocykl rower jednokołowy
one-wheeled pedaled cycle

unidentified flying object n
niezidentyfikowany obiekt latający
anything in the air not readily explainable

unidirectional /ˌjunɪ̈dɪ̈ˈɹɛkʃənəl/ /ˌjuːnɨdɨˈɹɛkʃənəl/ adj
jednokierunkowy
pertaining to only one direction

uniform /ˈjunəˌfɔɹm/ /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ adj
jednorodny spójny
consistent
jednorodny jednolity
unvarying

uniform /ˈjunəˌfɔɹm/ /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ n
mundur uniform mundurek
distinctive outfit as a means of identifying members of a group

uniform antshrike n
chronka jednobarwna
passerine bird of the antbird family

uniform continuity n
jednostajna ciągłość
property of a function

uniform convergence n
zbieżność jednostajna

uniformly continuous adj
jednostajnie ciągły
property of a function

unify /ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ v
jednoczyć się zjednoczyć się
become one
jednoczyć zjednoczyć
cause to become one

unilateral /ˌjuːnɪˈlætərəl/ [ˌjʉː.nəˈɫæɾ.ɚ.ɻɫ̩] [ˌjʉː.nɪˈlæt.ə.ɹɫ̩] adj
jednostronny
done by one side only

uninflected adj
nieodmienny
of a word

uninhabitable adj
niezamieszkiwalny
not inhabitable

uninhabited adj
niezamieszkany
not inhabited

uninstall v
dezinstalować odinstalowywać
completely remove hardware or software

uninstallation n
dezinstalacja
process of removing a program

uninstaller n
dezinstalator
a program that uninstalls software

unintelligible /ˌʌnɪnˈtɛlɨdʒɨbəl/ adj
niezrozumiały
not intelligible

uninteresting adj
nieciekawy
arousing little or no interest; boring or uneventful

uninvited adj
niechciany nieproszony
not invited

union /ˈjuːnjən/ n
suma (zbiorów) suma mnogościowa
in set theory
związek sojusz unia
the act of uniting or the state of being united

unique /juːˈniːk/ adj
niepowtarzalny unikalna unikalne unikalny unikatowy
one of a kind

unit /ˈjuː.nɪt/ adj
jednostkowy
mathematical

unit /ˈjuː.nɪt/ n
jedynka
algebra: element of a ring
sztuka jednostka
item which may be sold singly
jedność jedynka
number one
jednostka
organized group comprising people and/or equipment
standard measure of a quantity
member of a military organization
military: selected reserve unit
military: standard or basic quantity
military: subdivision in a task force

unitarianism n
unitarianizm
belief

unite /juˈnaɪt/ v
jednoczyć
(transitive) to bring together as one

united /juˈnaɪtɪd/ /juːˈnaɪtɪd/ adj
zjednoczony
joined into a single entity

unity /ˈjunɪti/ /ˈjuːnɪtɪ/ n
jedność łączność
state of being one or undivided

universal /ˌjunɪˈvɝsl̩/ /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl̩/ adj
ogólny powszechny
common to all members of a group or class
kosmiczny
of or pertaining to the universe
uniwersalny
useful for many purposes

universe /ˈjuːnəˌvɝs/ /ˈjuːnɪˌvɜːs/ n
wszechświat Wszechświat
the Universe

university /junɨˈvɝsəti/ /juːnɪˈvɜːsətiː/ n
uniwersytet wszechnica
institution of higher education

unjust /ʌnˈdʒʌst/ adj
niesprawiedliwy
not fair, just or right

unknown /ʌnˈnoʊn/ /ʌnˈnəʊn/ adj
nieznany
not known

unlawful adj
bezprawny niedozwolony nielegalny
prohibited

unlawfulness n
bezprawność nielegalność nieprawność
state of being unlawful

unleaded /ˌʌnˈlɛd.əd/ adj
bezołowiowy
without lead

unleash /ʌnˈliʃ/ v
spuścić
to free from a leash

unleavened adj
przaśny
without yeast

unless /ənˈlɛs/ conjunction
chyba że
except on a specified condition

unlike /ʌnˈlaɪk/ preposition
w przeciwieństwie do
in contrast with; as opposed to

unmanned /ʌnˈmænd/ adj
bezzałogowy
not operated by a person or a crew

unmarked adj
nieoznakowany
not bearing identification

unmarried adj
niezamężna nieżonaty
having no husband or wife

unnecessary /ʌnˈnɛ.sə.s(ə)ɹɪ / /ʌnˈnɛ.səˌsɛ.ɹi/ /ʌnˈnɛs.ə.ɹɪ/ adj
niepotrzebny zbędny
not necessary

unnoticed adj
niezauważony
not noticed

unobtrusively /ˌʌn.əbˈtɹuː.sɪv.li/ adv
dyskretnie
in a manner that is not noticeable or blatant

unofficial adj
nieoficjalny
not official

unpack /ʌnˈpæk/ v
rozpakować rozpakowywać
to remove from a package

unpleasant /ʌnˈplezənt/ adj
nieprzyjemny
not pleasant

unplugged /ʌnˈplʌɡd/ adj
akustycznie
using acoustic instruments

unpopular adj
niepopularny
lacking popularity

unpredictable adj
nieprzewidywalny
unable to be predicted

unprintable adj
niedrukowalny
not printable

unpronounceable adj
niewymowny
impossible or difficult to pronounce or articulate

unread /ˈʌn.ɹɛd/ adj
nieprzeczytany
not having been read

unreadable adj
nieczytelny
that cannot be read or is not easy to read

unreal /ʌnˈɹi.əl/ adj
nierealny nierzeczywisty
not real

unreasonable /ʌnˈɹiːz(ə)nəbl̩/ adj
nierozsądny
not reasonable

unreliable adj
nierzetelny
not reliable

unrest /ʌnˈɹɛst/ n
zamieszki
state of trouble

unripe adj
niedojrzały
not ripe

unscientific adj
nienaukowy
not scientific

unscrew v
odkręcać
loosen a screw etc.

unseemly adj
niestosowny
inconsistent with standards, etc.

unselfish adj
bezinteresowny
not selfish; selfless; generous; altruistic

unshaven adj
nieogolony
not having shaved

unsigned adj
bez znaku
not accepting negative numbers; having only a positive absolute value

unsinkable adj
niezatapialny
of a ship: that cannot be sunk

unskillful adj
nieumiejętny niewprawny niezręczny
not skilful

unspeakable adj
niewysłowiony
incapable of being spoken or uttered

unstable /ʌnˈsteɪbəɫ/ adj
niestabilny
not stable

unstoppable adj
niepowstrzymany
unable to be stopped

unthinkable /ʌnˈθɪŋkəbəl/ adj
niewiarygodne
incapable of being believed; incredible

untidiness n
nieporządek nieład
the quality of being untidy

untie /ʌnˈtaɪ/ v
rozwiązać
to loosen, as something interlaced or knotted

until /ʌnˈtɪl/ conjunction
dopóki nie
before
aż
up to the time that

until /ʌnˈtɪl/ preposition
do
up to the time of

untitled adj
bez tytułu
having no title

untranslatable /ˈʌnˌtɹænz.leɪt.ə.bəl/ adj
nieprzetłumaczalny
not able to be translated

untune v
rozstroić
Cause to be out of tune

ununbium n
ununbium
chemical element

ununennium /uːnuːnˈɛniːəm/ n
ununennium
chemical element

ununhexium n
ununhexium
element with atomic number 116

ununoctium n
ununoctium
chemical element

ununpentium n
ununpentium
chemical element

ununquadium n
ununquadium
chemical element

ununseptium /uːnuːnˈsɛpti.əm/ n
ununseptium
element with atomic number 117

ununtrium n
ununtrium
chemical element

unwavering adj
niezachwiany
never doubted; always steady and on course

unwelcome adj
nieproszony

unwieldy /ˌʌnˈwɪəl.di/ adj
nieporęczny
difficult to carry, handle, manage or operate

unwittingly /ʌnˈwɪtɪŋli/ /ˌʌnˈwɪtɪŋli/ adv
bezwiednie nieświadomie
in an unwitting manner

up /ap/ /ʌp/ adv
do góry na górze w górę
away from earth’s surface

up /ap/ /ʌp/ preposition
do góry w górę
toward the top

up one's sleeve
w rękawie w zanadrzu
hidden, in reserve

up to /ˈʌp tuː/ /ˈʌp tə/ preposition
z dokładnością do
mathematics: considering all members of an equivalence class the same

up-to-date /ˌʌp tə ˈdeɪt/ adj
aktualny
current; recent
na bieżąco
informed of the latest news

upbraid /ˌʌpˈbɹeɪd/ n
skarcenie
The act of reproaching

update /əpˈdeɪt/ /ˈʌp.deɪt/ n
aktualizacja uaktualnienie
action of making something up to date

update /əpˈdeɪt/ /ˈʌp.deɪt/ v
aktualizować uaktualnić zaktualizować
to make something up to date

upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/ /ˈʌp.ɡɹeɪd/ n
modernizacja rozbudowa
an improved component or replacement item

upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/ /ˈʌp.ɡɹeɪd/ v
rozbudować
to improve
aktualizować
to replace a program with a later version of itself

upheaval /ʌpˈhi.vəl/ n
wstrząs
sudden violent upset, disruption or convulsion

upholsterer /ʌpˈhəʊlstəɹə/ n
tapicer
a craftsman who upholsters furniture

upholstery /əˈpɐl.stɹi/ n
tapicerstwo
craft or business of upholstering furniture

upland sandpiper n
preriowiec
Bartramia longicauda

uplift /ʌpˈlɪft/ /ˈʌplɪft/ v
podnosić
to raise something or someone to a higher level

upload /əpˈləʊd/ /ˈʌpˌloʊd/ /ˈʌpˌləʊd/ v
przesyłać wgrywać wrzucać wysyłać ładować
to transfer data

upon /əˈpɑn/ /əˈpɒn/ preposition
na ponad
being above and in contact with another
na
being directly supported by another

upper arm n
ramię
section of an arm

upper case n
majuskuły wersaliki wielkie litery
upper case / uppercase (as a collective noun) or upper case letters (in the plural)

upper house n
izba wyższa
part of a parliament

upright piano n
pianino
a keyboard musical instrument

uprising n
powstanie
a popular revolt

ups and downs n
wzloty i upadki
idiomatic

upset /ʌpˈsɛt/ /ˈʌpsɛt/ adj
zaniepokojony zmartwiony
angry, distressed, unhappy
rozstrojony
of a stomach

upset /ʌpˈsɛt/ /ˈʌpsɛt/ n
zmartwienie
disturbance, disruption

upset /ʌpˈsɛt/ /ˈʌpsɛt/ v
psuć
disturb, disrupt, unfavorably alter
niepokoić
make (a person) angry, distressed or unhappy

upside down /ˌʌpsaɪd ˈdaʊn/ adv
do góry nogami
inverted

upstairs /ˌʌpˈstɛəz/ /ˌʌpˈstɛɹz/ adv
na górze na górę
up the stairs; on a higher floor or level

upwards /ˈʌpwədz/ /ˈʌpwɚdz/ adv
w górę wzwyż
to a higher place

uraeus /juˈɹi.əs/ /jʊˈɹiː.əs/ n
ureus ureusz
representation of the sacred asp

uranium /jʊˈɹeɪniəm/ n
uran
uranium (element)

urban /ˈɜːbən/ /ˈɝbən/ adj
miejski
of the city; characteristic of city life

urban-rural gmina n
gmina miejsko-wiejska

urban-type settlement n
osiedle typu miejskiego
an official designation for a semi-urban settlement

urbanism n
urbanistyka
study of cities

urbanity /əːˈbæn.ɪ.ti/ /ɝˈbæn.ə.ti/ n
uprzejmość
polished and courteous behavior
miejskość
what is characteristically urban

urea /jʊˈɹiːə/ n
mocznik
organic compound

ureter /jʊəˈɹiːtəɹ/ n
moczowód
narrow duct that carries urine from the kidneys

urethra /jʊˈɹiːθɹə/ n
cewka moczowa
anatomical tube

urgent /ˈɚdʒənt/ /ˈɜːdʒənt/ adj
pilny
requiring immediate attention

urgently adv
pilnie
with a sense of urgency

urheimat n
praojczyzna
the original homeland

urinal /juːˈɹaɪnəl/ /ˈjʉːəɹɪnəl/ /ˈjʊɹɪnəl/ n
pisuar
fixture for standing urination

urinary bladder n
pęcherz moczowy pęcherz
urinary bladder

urinate /ˈjʊəɹɪneɪt/ /ˈjʊɹɪneɪt/ v
oddawać mocz oddać mocz

urine /ˈjʉːəɹɪn/ /ˈjʊəɹɪn/ /ˈjʊɹɪn/ n
mocz uryna

urinous adj
moczowy
of, or relating to urine

urn /ɜːn/ /ɝn/ n
urna
a vessel for ashes or cremains of a deceased person

urologist n
urolog
doctor of urology

urology n
urologia
branch of medicine dealing with urinary tract and urogenital system

ursine /ˈɜː.saɪn/ /ˈɝːsaɪn/ adj
niedźwiedzi
of or relating to bears

urstromtal n
pradolina
glacial valley

us /əs/ /ʌs/ /ʌz/ pronoun
nam nas nami
objective case of "we"

usage /ˈjuːsɪd͡ʒ/ n
zwyczaj praktyka uzus
habit or accepted practice
użycie
the manner or the amount of using; use
praktyka językowa uzus językowy
the way words are spoken or written in a community

use /juz/ /juːs/ /juːz/ n
użycie stosowanie użytek
act of using
funkcja zastosowanie
function
użyteczność użytek
usefulness

use /juz/ /juːs/ /juːz/ v
używać stosować posługiwać się
employ, apply

use a sledgehammer to crack a nut v
strzelać z armaty do muchy
idiom

used /juːzd/ adj
używany
that has or have previously been owned by someone else

used to /juːs(t).tu/ /juːzd/ adj
przyzwyczajony
accustomed to

useful /ˈjuːsfəl/ adj
użyteczny przydatny pożyteczny
having a practical or beneficial use

useful idiot n
pożyteczny idiota pożyteczna idiotka
political sense

usefulness n
użyteczność
quality of being useful

useless /ˈjuːs.ləs/ adj
bezużyteczny niepotrzebny
without use or possibility to be used

user /ˈjuzɚ/ /ˈjuːzə/ n
użytkownik użytkowniczka
one who uses something, a consumer
person who uses a computer

user interface n
interfejs użytkownika
the part of a software application that a user sees and interacts with

user-friendly adj
prosty w obsłudze
designed to be easy to use

ushanka n
uszanka
a traditional Russian fur cap with earflaps

usual /ˈjuːʒʊəl/ adj
zwykły
most commonly occurring

usually /ˈjuːʒ(ʊə)li/ /ˈjuːʒju(ə)li/ adv
zazwyczaj zwykle
most of the time

usucapion n
zasiedzenie
acquisition due to passage of time

usufruct /ˈjuzəˌfɹʌkt/ /ˈjuːz(j)ʊfɹʌkt/ n
użytkowanie
legal right to use and derive profit or benefit from property that belongs to another person

usufructuary /ˌjuːz(j)ʊˈfɹʌktʃʊˌəɹi/ n
prawowity właściciel
a person who holds property, or the use of assets, by usufruct

usurer /ˈjuːʒəɹə/ /ˈjuːʒəɹəɹ/ n
lichwiarz
one who loans money at exorbitant interest rates

usurp /juˈsɜɹp/ v
uzurpować
seize power

usurper /juˈsɜɹpə(ɹ)/ n
uzurpator
one who usurps

usury /ˈjuːʒəɹi/ n
lichwa
exorbitant rate of interest in excess of any legal rates
lichwiarstwo lichwa
practice of lending money at illegal or unfair rates

utensil /juˈtɛn.səl/ n
sprzęt kuchenny
device for domestic use, in the kitchen, or in war

utility /juːˈtɪl.ɪ.ti/ adj
program użytkowy
computing: software program with specific task
użyteczność
something that is useful
state or condition of being useful

utopia /juˈtoʊpi.ə/ /juːˈtəʊpɪə/ n
utopia
world in perfect harmony

utter /ˈʌtə/ /ˈʌtɚ/ v
mamrotać
make speech sounds

utterance /ˈʌtəɹəns/ n
wypowiedź
something spoken

uvula /ˈjuːv.jə.lə/ /ˈjuːv.jʊ.lə/ n
języczek
appendage that hangs from the palate

uvular /ˈjuːvjʊləɹ/ adj
języczkowy
of a sound, articulated with the uvula
of or relating to the uvula

uxoricide /ʌkˈsɔː.ɹɪˌsaɪd/ n
żonobójca
a man who kills his wife
żonobójstwo
the killing of one's wife

vacation /veɪˈkeɪʃən/ /vəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ n
wakacje
holiday, period of leisure time

vaccinate /ˈvæksɪneɪt/ v
szczepić
treat with a vaccine

vaccination /ˌvæk.sɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ n
szczepienie
inoculation with a vaccine

vaccine /vækˈsiːn/ n
szczepionka wakcyna
substance meant to stimulate production of antibodies

vacuole /ˈvækjʊˌəʊl/ n
wakuola wodniczka
large membrane-bound vesicle

vacuously adv
w próżni
because of being a vacuous truth

vacuum /ˈvæ.kjuːm/ n
próżnia
region of space that contains no matter

vacuum /ˈvæ.kjuːm/ v
odkurzać
intransitive: to use a vacuum cleaner
transitive: to clean with a vacuum cleaner

vacuum cleaner n
odkurzacz
machine for cleaning

vacuum tube n
lampa próżniowa
electrical device

vade mecum n
vademecum wademekum
referential book

vagabond /ˈvæɡ.ə.bɒnd/ n
wagabunda
a person on a trip of indeterminate destination and/or length of time

vagina /vəˈdʒaɪnə/ n
pochwa
anatomical sense

vaginal /vəˈdʒaɪnəl/ /ˈvædʒɪnəl/ adj
pochwowy
of the vagina

vaginally adv
dopochwowo dowcipnie
via the vagina

vaginismus /vadʒɪˈnɪzməs/ n
pochwica
muscular contraction

vagrancy /ˈveɪɡɹənsɪ/ n
włóczęgostwo żebractwo
being a vagrant

vague /veɪɡ/ /væɡ/ adj
niejasny
not clearly expressed

vagus nerve n
nerw błędny
cranial nerve

vain /veɪn/ adj
próżny
overly proud of one's appearance

vale of tears n
padół łez
a symbolic valley of tears

valence /ˈveɪləns/ /ˈvæləns/ n
wartościowość
chemistry: combining capacity
chemistry: number of binding sites of a molecule

valence band n
pasmo walencyjne
range

valenki n
walonki
winter felt boots

valentine /ˈvaləntaɪn/ /ˈvæləntaɪn/ n
walentynka
A person to whom you give, or from whom you receive, a valentine, on February 14th
An expression of affection, especially romantic

valerian /vəˈlɪəɹɪən/ n
kozłek odolan
Valeriana officinalis

valiant /ˈvæljənt/ adj
mężny
showing courage or determination

valid adj
ważny
acceptable, proper or correct

validate v
przeprowadzać walidację walidować
check the validity of

validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/ n
potwierdzenie uprawomocnienie uzasadnienie walidacja
the act of validating something

validator n
walidator
something that validates

valine n
walina
essential amino acid C₅H11NO₂

valkyrie /ˈvælˌkɪ.ɹi/ n
walkiria
any of the female attendants, or handmaidens of Odin

valley /ˈvæli/ n
dolina
elongated depression between hills or mountains

valuable /ˈvæljuəbl̩/ adj
wartościowy drogocenny
having a great value

value /ˈvælju/ /ˈvæljuː/ n
wartość cena koszt
amount (of money, goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else
wartość znaczenie
degree of importance given to something
wartość
quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable
ideal accepted by some individual or group
numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed
relative duration of a musical note
odcień
relative darkness or lightness of a color

value /ˈvælju/ /ˈvæljuː/ v
wyceniać wycenić
to estimate the value of
to fix or determine the value of
cenić
to hold dear
to regard highly

value added tax n
podatek od towarów i usług podatek od wartości dodanej
tax levied on added value of an exchange

valve /ˈvælv/ n
zawór
device in an internal combustion engine
wentyl zawór
device that controls flow of gas or fluid
zastawka
in anatomy

vamp /væmp/ n
wamp
seductive woman

vampire /ˈvæm.paɪ.ə(ɹ)/ n
wampir upiór wampirzyca wąpierz
mythological creature

vampiress n
wampirzyca
female vampire

van /væn/ n
van dostawczak furgonetka samochód dostawczy wan
a covered vehicle

vanadinite n
wanadynit
mineral

vanadium /vəˈneɪdi.əm/ n
wanad
chemical element

vandalise v
wandalizować zwandalizować
to needlessly destroy

vandalism /ˈvændəlɪzm̩/ n
wandalizm
needless damage or destruction of property

vanguard /ˈvanˌɡɑːd/ /ˈvænˌɡɑɹd/ /ˈvɛnˌɡɐːd/ n
awangarda
leading units of an army

vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/ v
zniknąć znikać
become invisible or to move out of view unnoticed

vanity /ˈvæ.nɪ.ti/ n
próżność
excessive pride
emptiness
marność
that which is vain

vantage /ˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/ /ˈvɑːntɪd͡ʒ/ n
przewaga
advantage
punkt obserwacyjny
place or position affording a good view; a vantage point

vantage point /ˈvæntɪd͡ʒ ˌpɔɪ̯nt/ /ˈvɑːntɪd͡ʒ ˌpɔɪ̯nt/ n
punkt obserwacyjny
place or position affording a good view

vapor /ˈveɪpə/ n
para
the gaseous state of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid

vapor pressure n
ciśnienie pary
pressure that a vapor exerts

vaporize v
parować wyparować
turn into vapour

vardapet /ˈvɑɹdəpɛt/ /ˈvɑːdəpɛt/ n
wartabed
archimandrite in the Armenian Apostolic Church

varenyky /vəˈɹɛniːkiː/ n
pierogi wareniki
a kind of dumplings

variable /ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ /ˈvɛəɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ /ˈvɛɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ adj
zmienny
likely to vary
able to vary
biology: tending to deviate from a normal or recognized type
marked by diversity or difference
zmienna
mathematics: having no fixed quantitative value

variable /ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ /ˈvɛəɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ /ˈvɛɹ.i.ə.bl̩/ n
zmienna
computing: a named mutable piece of storage
mathematics: a quantity that may assume any one of a set of values
mathematics: a symbol representing a variable
zmienny
something that is variable

variable antshrike n
chronka zmienna
Thamnophilus caerulescens

variance /ˈvæɹi.ənts/ /ˈvɛɹi.ənts/ /ˈvɛːɹi.əns/ n
wariancja
second central moment in probability (statistics)

variant /ˈvɛəɹi.ənt/ adj
odbiegający
showing deviation or disagreement

variant /ˈvɛəɹi.ənt/ n
wariant
computing: variable that can hold several data types
wariant odmiana rodzaj
something slightly different

variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/ /ˌvɛəɹɪˈeɪʃn̩/ n
wariacja
a musical technique based on an altered repetition of a theme
zmienność
the act or state of varying

varicose vein n
żylak
abnormally swollen or dilated vein

variegated /ˈveəɹɪəˌɡeɪtɪd/ adj
pstry srokaty
streaked or spotted with a variety of colours

variegated horsetail n
skrzyp pstry
plant

variety /vəˈɹaɪ.ɪ.ti/ n
forma języka forma mowy odmiana języka odmiana językowa
linguistics: term used for a specific form of a language
odmiana
rank in a taxonomic classification
odmiana rodzaj
variation of something

variety is the spice of life proverb
różnorodność jest przyprawą życia różnorodność nadaje życiu smak

various /ˈvɛəɹi.əs/ /ˈvɛɹi.əs/ adj
różny rozmaity
an eclectic range of

varistor /vɛəˈɹɪstə(ɹ)/ n
warystor
electronic component with variable resistance

varmint n
robactwo
pestering animal

varnish /ˈvɑː(ɹ)nɪʃ/ n
lakier
transparent paint

varnish /ˈvɑː(ɹ)nɪʃ/ v
lakierować
to apply varnish
to cover up with varnish

vary /ˈvɛəɹi/ v
zmieniać się zmienić się
not to remain constant
zmieniać zmienić
to change something with time or a similar parameter
różnić się
to display difference

vas deferens n
nasieniowód
vas deferens

vase /veɪs/ /vɐːz/ /vɑːz/ n
wazon
container used mainly for displaying flowers

vaseline n
wazelina
petroleum jelly

vassal /ˈvæsəl/ n
wasal
grantee of a fief

vast /væst/ /vɑːst/ adj
rozległy obszerny
very large or wide (literally or figuratively)

vat /væt/ n
kadź stągiew
a large tub, such as is used for making wine or for tanning

vatrushka n
watruszka
a small, round cottage cheese-filled pastry

vaudeville /ˈvɔd.vɪl/ /ˈvɔː.də.vɪl/ n
wodewil
a style of multi-act theatrical entertainment

vault /vɑlt/ /vɒlt/ n
sklepienie
arched masonry structure
figuratively: anything resembling a vault
skarbiec
secure area for valuables
piwnica
underground storeroom
skok wolta
a jump

vault /vɑlt/ /vɒlt/ v
skoczyć
to jump

vaulting n
woltyżerka
gymnastics on horseback

veal /viːl/ n
cielęcina
flesh of a calf

veche n
wiec wiece
a popular assembly in medieval Slavic countries

vector graphics n
grafika wektorowa
geometrical primitives based upon mathematical equations to represent images

vector product n
iloczyn wektorowy
vector with size given by the product of two vectors

vector space n
przestrzeń liniowa przestrzeń wektorowa
mathematics

vegan /ˈviːɡən/ adj
wegański
relating to vegans or veganism

vegan /ˈviːɡən/ n
weganin weganka
supporter of veganism

veganism n
weganizm
Eating neither meat nor other animal products

vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒtəbəl/ /ˈvɛd͡ʒətəbəl/ adj
roślinny
of or relating to plants
jarzynowy warzywny
of or relating to vegetables

vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒtəbəl/ /ˈvɛd͡ʒətəbəl/ n
warzywo
a person whose brain has been damaged
jarzyna warzywo
a plant raised for some edible part of it

vegetable garden n
ogród
vegetable garden

vegetable soup n
zupa jarzynowa
soup made from mixed vegetables

vegetarian /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛəɹi.ən/ /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ən/ adj
wegetariański
relating to the type of diet eaten by vegetarians
of a product normally made with meat, having non-meat substitutes in place of meat

vegetarian /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛəɹi.ən/ /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ən/ n
wegetarianin jarosz wegetarianka
person who does not eat any animal flesh
roślinożerca
plant-eating animal

vegetarianism /vɛdʒɪˈtɛəɹi.ənɪzəm/ /vɛdʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/ n
wegetarianizm
practice of following a vegetarian diet

vehicle /vɪː(ə).kəl/ /ˈvi.ə.kəl/ /ˈviː.ɪ.kəl/ n
pojazd wóz
conveyance

vein /veɪn/ n
żyła
blood vessel transporting blood towards the heart
żyłka
nervure of insect's wing
thickened portion of a leaf

veinlet n
żyłka
a small or secondary vein, especially on the wing of an insect

velar /ˈviːlə/ /ˈviːlɚ/ adj
welarny
articulated at the soft palate

vellum /ˈvɛləm/ n
welin
type of parchment paper made from the skin of a lamb, baby goat, or calf

velocipede /vɪˈlɒs.ɪ.piːd/ n
welocyped
Early two-wheeled conveyance

velocity /vəˈlɑsəti/ /vəˈlɒsəti/ n
prędkość
vector quantity
rapidity of motion

velvet /ˈvɛlvət/ /ˈvɛlvɪt/ n
aksamit
fabric

velvet scoter n
uhla zwyczajna uhla
Melanitta fusca

venal /ˈviːnəl/ adj
prostytutka
corrupt, mercenary
przekupny sprzedajny
willing to take bribes

vendace n
sielawa
Coregonus albula

vendetta /vɛnˈdɛtə/ n
wendeta zemsta wróżda
bitter, destructive feud in which each injury is revenged

vending machine n
automat sprzedający
machine that dispenses merchandise

venereal /vəˈnɪ.ɹi.əl/ /vəˈnɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ adj
weneryczne
of a disease: sexually transmitted

venereal disease n
choroba weneryczna
contagious disease spread through sexual intercourse

venereology n
wenerologia
branch of medicine

vengeance /ˈvɛnˌdʒəns/ n
zemsta
revenge taken for an insult, injury, or other wrong

vengeful /ˈvenʒ.fəl/ adj
mściwy
wanting vengeance

venison n
sarnina
the meat of a deer

venom /ˈvɛnəm/ n
jad
poison carried by animal

venomous /ˈvɛnəməs/ adj
trujący jadowity
pertaining to or containing venom
jadowity
pertaining to or denoting an animal capable of producing a poisonous chemical

venous /ˈviː.nəs/ adj
żylny
of or pertaining to veins

ventilator n
wentylator
device that circulates fresh air and expels stale or noxious air

ventricle /ˈvɛntɹɪkəl/ n
komora
one of two lower chambers of the heart

ventriloquism n
brzuchomówstwo
art of projecting one's voice so that it appears to come from another source

ventriloquist /vɛnˈtɹɪl.ə.kwɪst/ n
brzuchomówca brzuchomówczyni
a person who practices ventriloquism

veranda /vəˈɹæn.də/ n
weranda
roofed open gallery

verb /vɜːb/ /vɝb/ n
czasownik
(grammar) a word that indicates an action, event, or a state

verbal /ˈvɜː.bəl/ /ˈvɝ.bəl/ adj
odczasownikowy
derived from, or having the nature of a verb
werbalny słowny
of, or relating to words
concerned with the words
ustny
spoken and not written; oral
czasownikowy
used to form a verb

verbal noun n
rzeczownik odczasownikowy
grammar: noun that is morphologically related to a verb and has similar meaning

verbalize v
werbalizować
to express

verbatim /vɚˈbeɪ.tɪm/ /vɜːˈbeɪ.tɪm/ adv
dosłownie słowo w słowo
word for word

verbena /vɝˈbinə/ n
werbena
a genus of herbaceous plants

verbiage /ˈvɜː(ɹ).bi.ɪdʒ/ n
gadanina
overabundance of words

verdigris /ˈvɝ.də.ɡɹis/ n
grynszpan
blue-green patina on copper and copper alloys
color
copper acetate

verily /ˈvɛɹ.əl.i/ adv
doprawdy zaiste zaprawdę
truly, doubtlessly

vermicular adj
robaczkowaty robakowaty
relating to or having the form of a worm

vermilion /vɜː(ɹ)ˈmɪl.jən/ n
cynober
pigment

vermin /ˈvɜːmɪn/ /ˈvɝmɪn/ n
szkodnik
Any one of various common types of small insects or animals which cause harm and annoyance

vermouth /vəˈmuːθ/ /vɚˈmuθ/ n
wermut
wine infused with herbs

vernacular /vəˈnækjələ/ /vɚˈnækjəlɚ/ adj
ludowy wernakularny
of or related to local building materials and styles; not imported
ludowy nieliteracki obiegowy potoczny wernakularny
pertaining to everyday language

vernacular /vəˈnækjələ/ /vɚˈnækjəlɚ/ n
język obiegowy język wernakularny język nieliteracki język potoczny mowa ludowa
everyday speech
gwara dialekt narzecze
language unique to a particular group of people
język narodowy język rodzimy język wernakularny
national language

vernal /ˈvɜːnəl/ adj
wiosenny
pertaining to spring

vernal equinox n
równonoc wiosenna
the moment
the point

vernally adv
wiosennie
in a vernal manner

vernissage /vɛːnɪˈsɑːʒ/ n
wernisaż
private viewing of an exhibition before it opens to the public

versatile /ˈvɜːsətaɪl/ /ˈvɝsətl̩/ adj
wszechstronny uniwersalny wersatylny
capable of doing many things competently
uniwersalny wielofunkcyjny
having varied uses or many functions

verse /ˈvɜːs/ /ˈvɝs/ n
werset
a small section of the Bible
wiersz
poetic form with regular meter and a fixed rhyme scheme

version /ˈvɜːʒən/ /ˈvɝʒən/ n
wersja
a specific form or variation of something
computing
an account or description from a particular point of view

verst /vəːst/ /vɚst/ n
wiorsta
unit of length

versus /ˈvɜːsəs/ /ˈvɝsəs/ preposition
a
compared with
kontra
in opposition to

vert /vɜːt/ /vɝt/ adj
zielony
of green colour

vertebra /ˈvɜːtɪbɹə/ n
kręg
any of the small bones which make up the backbone

vertebral column n
kręgosłup
vertebral column

vertebrate /ˈvɛɹ.tɪ.bɹeɪt/ adj
kręgowiec
having a backbone

vertebrate /ˈvɛɹ.tɪ.bɹeɪt/ n
kręgowiec
an animal having a backbone

vertex /vɜːteks/ n
ciemię
anatomy: highest surface on skull
wierzchołek
element of a graph
geometry: corner of a polygon or polyhedron
highest point

vertical /ˈvɜːtɪkəl/ /ˈvɝtɪkəl/ adj
pionowy wertykalny
being perpendicular to horizontal

vertical angle n
kąt wierzchołkowy
opposite angles formed by intersecting lines

vertically /ˈvɜːtɪkli/ adv
pionowo
in a vertical direction or position

vertigo /ˈvɜːtɪɡəʊ/ /ˈvɝtɪɡoʊ/ n
zawroty głowy
sensation of whirling and loss of balance

verve n
werwa
excitement of imagination

very /ˈvɛɹi/ adj
identyczny
the same; identical

very /ˈvɛɹi/ adv
bardzo wielce
to a high degree
naprawdę prawdziwie
true, truly

very high frequency n
UKF VHF fale metrowe fale ultrakrótkie
frequency area from 30 MHz through 300 MHz

very well interjection
dobrze
interjection

vesicle /ˈvɛsɪkəl/ n
pęcherzyk
cytology: membrane-bound compartment

vessel /ˈvɛs.əl/ n
naczynie
container
tube or canal that carries fluid in an animal or plant
statek
craft

vest n
kamizelka bezrękawnik
garment worn over a shirt
podkoszulek podkoszulka
garment worn under a shirt

vestibule /ˈvɛst.ɪˌbjuːl/ /ˈvɛstəbjul/ n
przedsionek sień hol
a passage, hall or room
przedsionek
body cavity

vestment n
ornat
robe worn by members of the clergy

vet /vɛt/ n
weteran
short form of veteran

vetch /vɛtʃ/ n
wyka
plant of the genus Vicia

veteran /ˈvɛ.tə.ɹən/ [ˈvɛ.t̬ə.ɹən] n
weteran kombatant
old soldier

veterinarian /ˌvɛt(ə)ɹəˈnɛɹi.ən/ n
weterynarz weterynarka
doctor who treats animals

veterinary medicine n
medycyna weterynaryjna weterynaria
branch of medicine that deals with animals

veto /ˈviːtoʊ/ /ˈviːtəʊ/ [ˈviːtʰoʊ] [ˈviːɾoʊ] n
weto
political right

veto /ˈviːtoʊ/ /ˈviːtəʊ/ [ˈviːtʰoʊ] [ˈviːɾoʊ] v
wetować zawetować
to use a veto against

vexillology /ˌvɛksəˈlɑːlədʒi/ /ˌvɛksɪˈlɒlədʒi/ n
weksylologia
study of flags

viaduct /ˈvaɪəˌdʌkt/ n
wiadukt
bridge with several spans that carries road or rail traffic over a valley

vial /ˈvaɪəl/ n
fiolka
a phial

viaticum /vʌɪˈatɪkəm/ n
wiatyk
Eucharist

vibraphone /ˈvɑɪ.bɹə.ˌfoːn/ n
wibrafon
percussion instrument

vibrate /vaɪˈbɹeɪt/ /ˈvaɪ.bɹeɪt/ v
wibrować
to move with small movements rapidly
rezonować
to resonate

vibrato /vɪˈbɹɑːtoʊ/ n
vibrato
Musical effect or technique

vibrator /vaɪˈbɹeɪtə/ /ˈvaɪbɹeɪtɚ/ n
wibrator
device that causes vibration
device used for massage or sexual stimulation

viburnum n
kalina
plants of the genus Viburnum

vice /vaɪs/ n
nałóg narów wada
bad habit

vice president n
wiceprezydent
deputy to a president

vice versa /ˈvaɪsi ˈvɝsə/ /ˈvaɪsɪ ˈvɜːsə/ adv
odwrotnie na odwrót vice versa
the other way round

vice-chancellor n
wicekanclerz
official

vicenarian /vɪsəˈnɛɹi.ən/ n
dwudziestolatek dwudziestolatka
someone in his or her twenties

vicereine /vʌɪsɹeɪn/ n
żona wicekróla
wife of a viceroy
wicekrólowa
woman who is a viceroy

viceroy /ˈvaɪsˌɹɔɪ/ n
wicekról
governor of a country
butterfly

vicinal /ˈvɪsɪnəl/ adj
sąsiedzki
of or pertaining to a neighborhood

vicinity /vəˈsɪnəti/ n
okolica sąsiedztwo
neighbourhood, or the nearby region
pobliże
proximity, or the state of being near

vicious /ˈvɪʃəs/ adj
narowisty
savage, aggressive

vicious circle n
błędne koło
situation in which the solution to a problem creates another problem

victim /ˈvɪktəm/ /ˈvɪktɪm/ n
ofiara
a living creature which is slain and offered as human or animal sacrifice
(narratology) a character who is conquered or manipulated by a villain
poszkodowana poszkodowany
a person who suffers any other injury, loss, or damage as a result of a voluntary undertaking
ofiara poszkodowana poszkodowany
an aggrieved or disadvantaged party in a crime
an unfortunate person who suffers from a disaster or other adverse circumstance
anyone who is harmed by another

victor /ˈvɪk.tə(ɹ)/ n
zwycięzca
winner in a fight or contest

victorious /vɪkˈtɔːriəs/ adj
zwycięski
being the winner

victory /ˈvɪkt(ə)ɹi/ n
zwycięstwo wygrana
an instance of having won a competition or battle

victual /ˈvɪktʃuəl/ /ˈvɪtl̩/ n
prowiant
Food, provisions

video /ˈvɪdɪˌoʊ/ n
wideo
motion picture stored on VHS
television show, movie

video camera n
kamera wideo
device for recording video

video card n
karta graficzna
display adapter

video conference n
wideokonferencja
conference held by video link

video game /ˈvɪ.di.oʊ̯ ˌɡeɪm/ /ˈvɪ.di.əʊ̯ ˌɡeɪm/ n
gra wideo
game controlled by software

video game console n
konsola do gier konsola konsola gier wideo
dedicated electronic device that is designed to play video games

videocassette n
kaseta wideo
cassette containing recorded videotape

videocassette recorder n
magnetowid wideomagnetofon
recording device

videotape n
kaseta wideo taśma
tape used to record videos

videotape v
nagrywać na kasecie wideo
to make a recording on videotape

vie /vaɪ/ v
współzawodniczyć
to rival; to struggle for superiority; to compete

view /vjuː/ n
widok
something to look at

view /vjuː/ v
widzieć
to look at

viewer n
widz
someone who views a spectacle

viewfinder n
celownik wizjer
device on a camera

vigil /ˈvɪdʒəl/ n
czuwanie
keeping awake

vigilance /ˈvɪdʒɪləns/ /ˈvɪdʒɪlɪns/ n
czujność
Alert watchfulness
Close and continuous attention

vigilant /ˈvɪdʒɪlənt/ adj
baczny czujny
watchful

vignette /vɪnˈjɛt/ n
winieta
decorative design at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book

vigorous /ˈvɪɡəɹəs/ adj
energiczny
physically strong and active

vile /vaɪl/ adj
niecny podły
morally low

vilify /ˈvɪl.ɪ.faɪ/ v
potępiać
denounce, belittle through speech
oczerniać
say defamatory things about; to speak ill of

villa /ˈvɪlə/ n
willa dacza
a house used as a retreat

village /ˈvɪlɪd͡ʒ/ n
wieś wioska siodło sioło
a rural habitation of size between a hamlet and a town

villager n
wieśniak wieśniaczka
person who lives in, or comes from, a village

villain /vɪlən/ n
czarny charakter
bad person in a stage or screen play
złoczyńca łajdak łotr
scoundrel

vindictive /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/ adj
mściwy złośliwy
having a tendency to seek revenge

vine /vaɪn/ n
pnącze
any similar climbing or trailing plant
winorośl
climbing plant that produces grapes

vinegar /ˈvɪnəɡɚ/ n
ocet
condiment

vintage /ˈvɪn.tɪdʒ/ adj
klasyczny
having an enduring appeal; classic
zabytkowy
of a car, built between 1919 and 1930
of a watch, produced between the years 1870 and 1980

vintage /ˈvɪn.tɪdʒ/ n
winobranie
harvesting of a grape and initial pressing for winemaking
rocznik
wine identified by year and vineyard
zbiór
yield of grapes during one season

vintage /ˈvɪn.tɪdʒ/ v
zbierać
to harvest grapes
tłoczyć
to make wine from grapes

viola /vaɪˈoʊlə/ /viˈoʊ.lə/ /viˈəʊ.lə/ /ˈviː.ələ/ n
altówka wiola
music: stringed instrument of the violin family

viola /viˈoʊ.lə/ /viˈəʊ.lə/ n
fiołek
botany: any of several flowering plants

violate /ˈvaɪəˌleɪt/ v
naruszać pogwałcać
to break or fail to act by rules

violation /ˌvaɪəˈleɪʃən/ n
pogwałcenie naruszenie
act or instance of violating

violence /ˈvaɪələns/ /ˈvaɪəˌlɛns/ n
przemoc
action intended to cause destruction, pain or suffering
gwałtowność przemoc
extreme force
gwałt
injustice, wrong

violent /ˈvaɪ(ə)lənt/ adj
jaskrawy
intensely vivid
gwałtowny
involving extreme force or motion
brutalny
involving physical conflict
agresywny
likely to use physical force

violet /ˈvaɪələt/ adj
fioletowy
having a bluish-purple color

violet /ˈvaɪələt/ n
fiolet
colour
fiołek
plant

violet carpenter bee n
zadrzechnia fioletowa
Xylocopa violacea

violin /ˌvaɪəˈlɪn/ /ˌvɑeˈlɘn/ n
skrzypce
string instrument

violinist n
skrzypaczka skrzypek
person who plays violin

violist /ˈvaɪ.əl.ɪst/ n
altowiolista altowiolistka
person who plays the viola

viper /ˈvaɪpɚ/ n
żmija
a poisonous snake in the family Viperidae

viral /ˈvaɪɹəl/ adj
wirusowy
caused by a virus
relating to a virus in biological sense

virgin /ˈvɜːdʒɪn/ /ˈvɝdʒɪn/ adj
dziewiczy dziewicza
of a person, in a state of virginity
dziewiczy
of an object, untouched

virgin /ˈvɜːdʒɪn/ /ˈvɝdʒɪn/ n
dziewica prawiczek
person who has never had sexual intercourse

virgin forest n
las dziewiczy
forest free from disturbance

virginity n
dziewictwo panieństwo
state or characteristic of being a virgin

virial theorem n
twierdzenie o wiriale
theorem

virile /ˈvɪɹəl/ adj
męski
being manly
męskoosobowy
pertaining to the grammatical gender

virility /vəˈɹɪlɪti/ n
męskość
the state of being virile

virology n
wirusologia
branch of microbiology that deals with the study of viruses and viral disease

virtual /ˈvɜːtʃuəl/ /ˈvɝtʃuəl/ /ˈvɵːtʃuəl/ adj
wirtualny dosłowny rzeczywisty
in effect; not fact
wirtualny
simulated in a computer

virtual machine n
komputer wirtualny maszyna wirtualna

virtual particle n
cząstka wirtualna
virtual particle

virtually /ˈvɚ.tʃwə.li/ adv
praktycznie
almost

virtue /ˈvɜːtʃuː/ /ˈvɝtʃu/ n
cnota
excellence in morals
a good model quality
an exemplary quality
chastity and faithfulness

virus /ˈvaɪ̯(ə)ɹɪs/ n
wirus komputerowy wirus
computer virus
wirus
infectious organism

vis-à-vis /viz.ɑˈvi/ /viːz.ɑːˈviː/ preposition
naprzeciw naprzeciwko
opposite

visa /ˈviː.zə/ n
wiza
permit

viscera n
trzewia
internal organs of the body

viscometer n
lepkościomierz
instrument used to measure viscosity

viscosity /vɪsˈkɑsɪti/ /vɪsˈkɒsɪti/ n
lepkość
physics: quantity expressing the magnitude of internal friction in a fluid

viscount /ˈvaɪkaʊnt/ n
wicehrabia
a member of the peerage above a baron but below a count or earl

viscous /ˈvɪs.kəs/ adj
lepki kleisty
having a thick, sticky consistency

vise /vaɪs/ n
imadło
two-jawed instrument for holding work

visibility /ˌvɪz.əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ n
widoczność
degree to which things may be seen

visible /ˈvɪzəb(ə)l/ adj
widoczny
able to be seen

vision /ˈvɪ.ʒ(ə)n/ n
wizja
religious or mystical experience
wzrok widzenie
sense or ability of sight

visit /ˈvɪzɪt/ n
wizyta odwiedziny
single act of visiting

visit /ˈvɪzɪt/ v
odwiedzać odwiedzić
to go and meet (someone)

visitation n
wizytacja
act of visiting
nawiedzenie
punishment or blessing ordained by God

vista /ˈviːstə/ /ˈvɪstə/ n
widok
distant view or prospect

visual /ˈvɪʒuəl/ /ˈvɪʒʊəl/ adj
wizualny
related to or affecting the vision

visualise v
wizualizować
form a mental picture
uwidocznić
make visible

visually adv
wizualnie
by means of sight

vitalism n
witalizm
doctrine that life involves a "vital force"

vitamer n
prowitamina
combination of substances that function as a vitamin

vitamin /ˈvaɪ.tə.mɪn/ /ˈvɑet.ə.mən/ /ˈvɪt.ə.mɪn/ n
witamina
organic compound essential to human health

vitreous humour n
ciało szkliste
clear gel

vitrify /ˈvɪ.tɹɪ.faɪ/ v
zeszklić
to be made into glass

vitrine /vɪˈtɹiːn/ n
witryna
glass-paneled cabinet or case

vituperative /vɪˈtjuːpɹətɪv/ /vɪˈtuːpɚətɪv/ adj
potępiający
marked by harsh spoken or written abuse; abusive, often with ranting or railing

vivianite n
wiwianit
mineral

viviparous /vɪˈvɪpəɹəs/ adj
żyworodny
of an animal

viviparous blenny n
węgorzyca
fish in the family Zoarcidae

vivisection /ˈvɪvɪsɛkʃən/ n
wiwisekcja
The action of invasive treatment of a living organism for scientific investigation

vixen /ˈvɪksən/ n
lisica
female fox
jędza kurwa suka
temperamental woman

viz. /vɪz/ adv
tj.
abbreviation for namely

vizier /vɪˈzɪə/ /vɪˈzɪɹ/ n
wezyr
high-ranking official

vocabulary /voʊˈkæbjəlɛɹi/ /vəʊˈkabjʊləɹɪ/ n
słownictwo
list of words
stock of words used in a particular field
words of a language collectively
słownictwo leksyka
set of words a person knows

vocal /ˈvoʊ.kəl/ /ˈvəʊ.kəl/ adj
wokalny głosowy
of or pertaining to the voice or speech
samogłoska
phonetics

vocal cord n
struna głosowa więzadło głosowe
folds of mucous membrane

vocalist /ˈvoʊkəlɪst/ n
wokalista wokalistka
singer

vocation n
powołanie posłannictwo
occupation for which a person is suited

vocational school n
szkoła zawodowa zawodówka
school

vocative /ˈvɑkətɪv/ /ˈvɒkətɪv/ adj
wołacz
grammar: used in address

vocative case n
wołacz
case of address

vociferation /voʊˌsɪf.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ /vəʊˌsɪf.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ n
krzyk
act of exclaiming; violent outcry

vodka /ˈvɑdkə/ /ˈvɒdkə/ n
wódka
clear distilled alcoholic liquor

vodyanoy n
wodnik
type of water sprite

voice /vɔɪs/ n
strona głos
grammar: particular mode of inflecting or conjugating verbs
głos
sound uttered by the mouth
opinion or choice expressed; judgment; a vote
language; words; speech; expression; signification of feeling or opinion
the faculty or power of utterance
command, precept
odgłos głos
tone or sound emitted by anything

voice actor n
aktor głosowy
an actor who provides voices for animations, dubbed films

voice-over /ˈvɔɪsoʊvɚ/ /ˈvɔɪsəʊvə/ n
lektor ścieżka lektorska
audio track
szeptanka tłumaczenie lektorskie
production technique
lektor tłumaczenie lektorskie wersja lektorska wydanie lektorskie
voice-overed release

voiced /vɔɪst/ adj
dźwięczny
sounded with vibration of the vocal cords

voiceless adj
bezdźwięczny
(phonetics, of a consonant) spoken without vibration of the vocal cords
bezgłośny niemy
lacking a voice, without vocal sound

void /vɔɪd/ adj
nieważny
having lost all legal validity

void /vɔɪd/ n
próżnia pustka
An empty space; a vacuum

voilà /(v)wɑˈlɑ/ /vwæˈlɑː/ interjection
ot oto voilà
behold!

voivode /ˈvɔɪvəʊd/ n
wojewoda
a local ruler or official in various parts of central and eastern Europe
an administrative chief in modern Poland

voivodeship n
województwo
the jurisdiction of a voivode

vol. n
t.
abbreviation of (the equivalent of) volume

volatile /ˈvɑl.ə.tl̩/ /ˈvɒl.əˌtaɪ.(ə)l/ adj
ulotny
(computing, of memory) whose content is lost when the computer is powered down
niestabilny zmienny
(of a price etc) variable or erratic
napięty
(of a situation) potentially violent
lotny
evaporating or vaporizing readily under normal conditions
nieuchwytny ulotny
temporary or ephemeral

volcanism n
wulkanizm
natural phenomena associated with volcanoes

volcano /vɑlˈkeɪnoʊ/ /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ n
wulkan
mountain containing a magma chamber

volcanology /ˌvɒl.kənˈɒl.ə.dʒi/ n
wulkanologia
study of volcanoes

vole /ˈvəʊl/ n
nornik nornica polnik
small rodents of the subfamily Arvicolinae

volley n
volley wolej
flight of a ball before it bounces
shot in which the ball is played before it hits the ground

volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔ(ː)l/ n
siatkówka piłka siatkowa
game

volleyballer n
siatkarka siatkarz
volleyball player

volt /vɒlt/ /vəʊlt/ n
wolt
unit of measure

voltage /voʊltɪdʒ/ n
napięcie woltaż
difference in electrostatic potential

voltmeter n
woltomierz
instrument for measuring electric potential

volume /ˈvɑl.jum/ /ˈvɒl.juːm/ n
rocznik
issues of a periodical over a period of one year
tom objętość
single book of a publication issued in multi-book format, such as an encyclopedia
głośność objętość
strength of sound
objętość
unit of three dimensional measure that consists of a length, a width and a height
synonym for quantity

voluntarily adv
dobrowolnie
in a voluntary manner

voluntary /ˈvɑ.lənˌtɛ.ɹi/ /ˈvɒ.lən.tɹi/ adj
dobrowolny
done, given, or acting of one's own free will

volunteer /vɑl.ənˈtɪɹ/ /vɒl.ənˈtɪə/ n
ochotnik wolontariusz
one who voluntarily offers himself/herself for service

vomer bone n
lemiesz
small thin bone that forms part of the septum between the nostrils

vomit /ˈvɑmɪt/ /ˈvɒmɪt/ n
wymiociny
regurgitated former contents of a stomach

vomit /ˈvɑmɪt/ /ˈvɒmɪt/ v
wymiotować rzygać zwracać
to regurgitate the contents of a stomach

voracious /vɔːˈɹeɪ.ʃəs/ adj
zachłanny żarłoczny
devouring great quantities of food
zachłanny
having a great appetite for anything

vorarephilia n
worarefilia
sexual fetish

vorpal /ˈvɔɹpl̩/ /ˈvɔːpl̩/ adj
migbłystalny
RPG, of a blade: likely to decapitate

vortex /ˈvɔɹtɛks/ n
wir
anything which draws surrounding things
whirlpool
anything involving violent or chaotic activity around some centre

vortical /ˈvɔːtɪk(ə)l/ adj
wirowy
pertaining to a vortex

vote /voʊt/ /vəʊt/ n
głos
formalised choice
głosowanie
instance of voting

vote /voʊt/ /vəʊt/ v
głosować
assert a formalised choice

vote with one's feet v
głosować nogami
to express one's preferences through one's actions

voter /ˈvoʊtɚ/ /ˈvəʊtə(ɹ)/ n
wyborca
one who votes

voting n
głosowanie
action of the verb to vote

votive /ˈvəʊtɪv/ adj
wotywny
dedicated or given in fulfillment of a vow or pledge

vouch /ˈvaʊtʃ/ v
odpowiadać ręczyć
to take responsibility for; to express confidence in; to witness; to obtest

vouchsafe /ˌvaʊtʃˈseɪf/ [ˌvʌʊtʃˈseɪf] v
zaszczycić
Condescendingly grant a right

vow /vaʊ/ n
przysięga ślub
A solemn promise to perform some act, or behave in a specified manner

vowel /vaʊ.l̩/ /ˈvaʊ.əl/ n
samogłoska
sound
letter

vowel harmony n
harmonia samogłosek
phonological process

voyage /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/ n
rejs
long journey; especially by ship

voyeur /vwɑ.ˈjɜɹ/ /vwɑː.ˈjɜː/ n
podglądacz
a person who derives sexual pleasure from secretly observing other people

voyeurism /vwɑːjˈɜːɹɪz(ə)m/ n
oglądactwo wojeryzm
derivation of sexual satisfaction by watching people secretly

vulcanization n
wulkanizacja
process by which rubber is hardened using heat and sulphur

vulgar /ˈvʌl.ɡə/ /ˈvʌl.ɡɚ/ adj
obsceniczny wulgarny
distasteful, uncouth, obscene

vulgarian /vʌlˈɡɛəɹi.ən/ /vʌlˈɡɛɹi.ən/ n
parweniusz
vulgar individual

vulgarism n
wulgaryzm
word or term that is considered offensive or vulgar

vulture /ˈvʌltʃə/ /ˈvʌltʃɚ/ n
sęp
bird
person

vulva /ˈvʌlvə/ n
srom
collectively the external female sexual organs

vulvectomy n
wulwektomia
surgical removal of vulva

vulvodynia n
wulwodynia

vyshyvanka n
wyszywanka
traditional Ukrainian clothing

wad n
przybitka
soft plug

wad hook n
grajcar kulociąg
two spiral blades arranged something like a corkscrew for extracting spherical objects from the bottom of a bore-hole, particularly a bullet from a firearm

wade /we͡ɪd/ v
brnąć
to walk through water or something that impedes progress

wafer /ˈweɪfə/ n
wafelek wafel
biscuit
podłoże wafel
electronics
opłatek hostia
religious token

waffle /ˈwɑ.fl/ /ˈwɒ.fl/ n
gofr
flat pastry

waffle iron n
gofrownica
a cooking appliance used to make waffles

wag /wæɡ/ v
wagarować
to not go to school
machać
to swing from side to side

wage /weɪd͡ʒ/ n
płaca pensja
money paid to a worker

wage /weɪd͡ʒ/ v
prowadzić toczyć
to conduct or carry out

wager /ˈweɪdʒɚ/ n
zakład
an agreement

wagon /ˈwæɡ(ə)n/ /ˈwæɡən/ n
wóz
four-wheeled cart for hauling loads

wagoner n
furman woźnica
Someone who drives a wagon

wagtail n
pliszka
various small passerine birds

wail /weɪl/ v
kwilić zawodzić
to cry out

waist /weɪst/ n
pas
a part of a piece of clothing that covers the waist
talia pas
part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach

waistcoat /ˈweɪs(t)kəʊt/ /ˈwɛskət/ n
kamizelka bezrękawnik
a sleeveless, collarless garment

wait /weɪt/ v
czekać
delay until some event

waiter /ˈweɪtə/ /ˈweɪtɚ/ n
kelner kelnerka
a server in a restaurant or similar
czekający stacz
someone who waits

waiting list n
lista oczekujących
ordered list of people waiting to obtain a good or service

waiting room n
poczekalnia
room

waitress n
kelnerka
female waiter

waive /weɪv/ v
zrezygnować
to relinquish; to give up claim to

waiver /ˈweɪ.və(ɹ)/ /ˈweɪ.vɚ/ n
odstąpienie
legal document
zrzeczenie się
the act of waiving

wake /ˈweɪk/ n
czuwanie przy zwłokach
period after death
kilwater
path left behind a ship on the surface of the water
smuga kondensacyjna
turbulent air left behind a flying aircraft

wake /ˈweɪk/ v
obudzić budzić zbudzić
to make somebody stop sleeping
budzić się obudzić się przebudzić się zbudzić się
to stop sleeping

wake up v
obudzić się
to (become) awake
budzić obudzić
to awaken (someone else)

walk /wɑk/ /wɔk/ /wɔːk/ n
spacer
trip made by walking

walk /wɑk/ /wɔk/ /wɔːk/ v
chodzić iść
to move on the feet
to travel a distance by walking
wyprowadzać wyprowadzić
to take for a walk

walk a tightrope v
balansować na krawędzi stąpać po kruchym lodzie
to undertake a precarious course

walk in the park n
bułka z masłem łatwizna
something easy or pleasant

walk on eggshells /ˌwɔk ɑn ˈɛɡʃɛlz/ /ˌwɔːk ɒn ˈɛɡʃɛlz/ v
obchodzić się jak z jajkiem
to act carefully to avoid upsetting someone

walk out on v
porzucić
to abandon

walk-on n
statysta
actor with a small part

walkie-talkie n
krótkofalówka
portable radio

walking /ˈwɑkɪŋ/ /ˈwɔkɪŋ/ /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/ n
chodzenie chód
gerund of walk

walking stick n
kij kostur kula laska
cane

walkover n
walkower
tennis: victory awarded when a scheduled opponent fails to play

walkthrough /wɔːk.θɹuː/ n
solucja
(video games) playthrough detailing the steps involved in winning the game

wall /wɑl/ /wɔl/ /wɔːl/ n
ściana przegroda
anatomy, zoology, botany: divisive or containing structure
osadnik megera
butterfly Lasiommata megera
mur wał
defensive rampart
słup
fictional bidder at an auction
tablica
internet: personal notice board
mur ściana
structure built for defense surrounding an area
ściana mur
substantial structure acting as side or division in a building

wall chaser n
bruzdownica
power tool

wall socket n
gniazdko
electricity power point

wall wart n
zasilacz
power supply

wallaby /ˈwɒləbi/ n
walabia
Any of several species of Marsupial

wallet /ˈwɑlɪt/ /ˈwɒlɪt/ n
portfel portmonetka
case for keeping money

wallflower /ˈwɔl.ˌflɑʊ.ɚ/ /ˈwɔːl.ˌflɑʊ.ə/ n
lak pszonak
any of several short-lived herbs or shrubs of the Erysimum
ktoś podpierający ściany
socially awkward person

wallpaper n
tapeta
decorative paper for walls
computing: image used to cover a desktop

wallpaper v
tapetować
to cover with wallpaper

walls have ears proverb
ściany mają uszy
be careful about what you say

walnut /ˈwɑlnət/ /ˈwɔːlnʌt/ adj
orzechowy
colour

walnut /ˈwɑlnət/ /ˈwɔːlnʌt/ n
orzech włoski
nut
colour
tree

walrus /ˈwɑl.ɹəs/ /ˈwɔːl.ɹəs/ n
mors
large Arctic marine mammal

waltz /wɑlts/ /wɔːlts/ n
walc
a ballroom dance
piece of music

wander /ˈwɑndɚ/ /ˈwɒndə/ n
tułaczka wędrówka
act or instance of wandering

wander /ˈwɑndɚ/ /ˈwɒndə/ v
błąkać tułać włóczyć
to move without purpose or destination

wanderer n
nomada wędrowiec
one who wanders

wandering /ˈwɑndəɹɪŋ/ /ˈwɒndəɹɪŋ/ n
wędrowny
roaming

wanderlust /ˈwɑndɚˌlʌst/ /ˈwɒndəˌlʌst/ n
wanderlust
a strong impulse or longing to travel

waning /ˈweɪ.nɪŋ/ adj
malejący słabnący
becoming weaker or smaller
blednący
of the lunar phase

wank /wæŋk/ n
masturbacja walenie konia
act of masturbation

wank /wæŋk/ v
masturbować walić konia
transitive: to masturbate

wanker /ˈwæŋkə(ɹ)/ n
idiota
idiot
koniobijca
person who wanks

want /wɑnt/ /wɒnt/ /wɔːnt/ /wʌnt/ v
chcieć życzyć
desire

wanted [ˈwɑntʰɪd] [ˈwɒntʰɪd] adj
chciany pożądany
desired
poszukiwany
subject to immediate detainment

wanton /ˈwɑntən/ /ˈwɒntɒn/ /ˈwɒntən/ adj
złośliwy
niepohamowany nieposkromiony nieposłuszny
undisciplined

war /wɑɹ/ /wɔɹ/ /wɔː/ n
wojna
conflict involving organized use of arms
card game
wojna bój walka
rhetorical: campaign against something

war /wɑɹ/ /wɔɹ/ /wɔː/ v
prowadzić walczyć
to engage in conflict

war crime n
zbrodnia wojenna
offense for violations of the law of war

war criminal n
zbrodniarz wojenny
person guilty of a war crime

war dance n
taniec wojenny
ceremonial dance performed before a major battle or after a victory

war memorial n
pomnik wojenny
commemorial monument

war of nerves n
wojna nerwów
situation in which opposed parties maintain a tense, contentious relationship

war reparations n
reparacje wojenne
compensation to cover war damages

ward /wɔɹd/ /wɔːd/ n
okręg
Mormonism: subdivision of church
dzielnica okręg
administrative subdivision of cities
oddział
part of a hospital where patients reside

wardrobe / ˈwɔːdɹəʊb/ /ˈwɔɹdɹoʊb/ n
garderoba
collection of clothing
costume department
szafa
movable furniture for storing clothes

ware /wɛə(ɹ)/ /wɛɚ/ n
towar
product

warehouse n
magazyn
A place for storing large amounts of products

warehouse v
magazynować
store

warehouseman n
magazynier
person who manages or works in a warehouse

warfare /ˈwɔɹfɛɹ/ /ˈwɔːfɛə/ n
wojna

warfarin n
warfaryna
anticoagulant

warhead n
głowica
part of a missile, projectile, torpedo, rocket, or other munition

warlock /ˈwɔɹ.lɑk/ /ˈwɔː.lɒk/ n
czarnoksiężnik czarownik
male magic-user

warlord n
watażka
local ruler or bandit leader where the government is weak

warm /wɔɹm/ /wɔːm/ adj
żarliwy
ardent, zealous
ciepły
having a temperature slightly higher than usual
being something that causes warmth
caring, of relation to another person

warm /wɔɹm/ /wɔːm/ v
ogrzewać
to make or keep warm

warm front n
front ciepły
the trailing edge of a mass of cold air

warmth /wɔɹmθ/ /wɔːmθ/ n
ciepło
moderate heat; sensation of being warm

warning /ˈwɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ interjection
uwaga
warning of danger in signs

warning /ˈwɔɹnɪŋ/ /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ n
ostrzeżenie
instance of warning someone
something spoken or written that is intended to warn

warp /woːp/ /wɔɹp/ /wɔːp/ n
spaczenie wypaczenie
distortion or twist
deformacja wykrzywienie
state of being bent out of shape
osnowa
threads running lengthwise

warp /woːp/ /wɔɹp/ /wɔːp/ v
warpić warpować
to move a vessel
paczyć wykrzywiać wypaczać wypaczyć
to twist or turn something out of shape

warrant /ˈwɑɹənt/ /ˈwɒɹənt/ /ˈwɔɹənt/ n
nakaz
judicial writ

warrant /ˈwɑɹənt/ /ˈwɒɹənt/ /ˈwɔɹənt/ v
gwarantować
to guarantee

warrant of payment n
nakaz zapłaty postępowanie upominawcze

warranty /ˈwɒ.ɹən.ti/ /ˈwɔɹ.ən.ti/ n
gwarancja
legal: an agreement which states that the goods or property in question will be in exactly the same state as promised
a guarantee that a certain outcome or obligation will be fulfilled; security

warrior /ˈwɑɹiə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɒɹɪə/ /ˈwɔɹiɚ/ n
wojownik żołnierz wojowniczka żołnierka
person actively engaged in battle, conflict or warfare
bojowniczka bojownik
person aggressively, courageously, or energetically involved in an activity

warship /wɔɹˌʃɪp/ /wɔːˌʃɪp/ n
okręt wojenny
ship built or armed for naval combat

wart /wɔɹt/ /wɔːt/ n
brodawka kurzajka
type of growth occurring on the skin

warthog n
guziec
a species of wild pig

wartime n
czas wojny
period of a war

warts and all adj
ze wszystkimi przywarami
of a description which does not conceal shortcomings or imperfections

warts and all adv
bezdyskusyjnie
in a manner which does not conceal shortcomings or imperfections

wary /ˈwɛəɹ.i/ /ˈwɛəɹi/ adj
ostrożny czujny przezorny
cautious of danger; timorously or suspiciously prudent; circumspect; scrupulous

wasabi /wəˈsɑːbi/ n
wasabi
green Japanese condiment

wash /wɑʃ/ /wɒʃ/ /wɔɹʃ/ /wɔʃ/ n
lawowanie
painting

wash /wɑʃ/ /wɒʃ/ /wɔɹʃ/ /wɔʃ/ v
myć się umyć się
to clean oneself
myć prać
to clean with water

washbasin n
umywalka
basin used for washing, sink

washer n
podkładka
flat disk
praczka
person who washes for a living

washerwoman n
praczka
woman who washes other people's laundry

washing /ˈwɑʃɪŋ/ /ˈwɒʃɪŋ/ /ˈwɔʃɪŋ/ n
mycie pranie
action of the verb "to wash"

washing machine n
pralka
machine that washes clothes

wasp /wæsp/ /wɑsp/ /wɒsp/ n
osa
insect

waste /weɪst/ n
śmieci
useless by-products, garbage

waste /weɪst/ v
marnować
to squander

waste breath v
szkoda słów
to speak futilely

waste of time n
strata czasu
meaningless or fruitless activity

waste sorting n
segregacja odpadów
separation of waste

wasteful /ˈweɪstfəl/ adj
rozrzutny
inclined to waste

wastepaper n
makulatura
unwanted paper that has been discarded

wastewater n
ścieki
water containing waste products

watch /wɒt͡ʃ/ /wɔt͡ʃ/ n
wachta
group of sailors and officers
particular time period
period of time on duty
straż
person or group of people who guard
zegarek
portable or wearable timepiece

watch /wɒt͡ʃ/ /wɔt͡ʃ/ v
pilnować
to attend or guard
patrzeć oglądać obserwować
to look at for a period of time
oglądać
to observe

watch over v
czuwać
to guard and protect

watch pocket n
kieszonka
pocket for carrying pocket watch

watchmaker /ˈwɔtʃˌmeɪkə/ n
zegarmistrz zegarmistrzyni
person who repairs (and originally made) watches

watchtower n
strażnica
observation tower

watchword n
odzew
a prearranged reply to the challenge of a sentry or a guard
hasło zawołanie
word used as expressive of a principle

water /ˈwoːtɘ/ /ˈwoːtə/ /ˈwɑtəɹ/ /ˈwɒtə/ /ˈwɔtəɹ/ /ˈwɔːtə/ /ˈwʊtəɹ/ [woːʔɐ] [ˈʋɔːtə] n
woda wody
body of water, or specific part of it
kości
figuratively: a person's intuition
woda
one of the basic elements
clear liquid H₂O
urine
serving of water
medical: fluids in the body, especially when causing swelling
wody
spa water

water /ˈwoːtɘ/ /ˈwoːtə/ /ˈwɑtəɹ/ /ˈwɒtə/ /ˈwɔtəɹ/ /ˈwɔːtə/ /ˈwʊtəɹ/ [woːʔɐ] [ˈʋɔːtə] v
łzawić
to fill with or secrete water
podlewać podlać
to pour water into the soil surrounding (plants)
napoić poić
to provide (animals) with water

water bear n
niesporczak
A member of the phylum Tardigrada

water buffalo n
bawół domowy
large ungulate

water clock n
zegar wodny
device for measuring time

water dog n
pies dowodny pies wodny
water dog

water heater n
bojler ogrzewacz wody podgrzewacz wody terma
appliance for heating water

water lily n
grzybienie
Any members of Nymphaeaceae

water parsnip n
marek
Sium gen. et spp.

water plantain n
żabieniec
Alisma

water pollution n
zanieczyszczenie wód
water pollution

water polo n
piłka wodna waterpolo
a water sport

water polo player n
piłkarka wodna piłkarz wodny waterpolista
player of water polo

water power n
energia wodna
(uncountable) power from water

water rail n
wodnik
Rallus aquaticus

water scorpion n
płoszczyca
insect of the family Nepidae

water strider n
nartnik
any of a number of predatory insects in the family Gerridae

water table n
zwierciadło wód podziemnych
level underground

water tower n
wieża ciśnień
tank of water

water vapor n
para
steam
para wodna
water in a gaseous state

watercolour /ˈwɔ.tɜ.ˌkʌ.lɜ/ n
akwarela farba wodna
pigment

watercourse n
koryto
channel through which water flows

watercress /ˈwɔtəɹkɹɛs/ /ˈwɔːtəkɹɛs/ n
rukiew rukiew wodna
Nasturtium officinale

waterfall /ˈwɔtɚfɔl/ /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ n
wodospad
flow of water over the edge of a cliff
waterfall-like outpouring

waterhole n
wodopój
depression in which water collects

watering can n
konewka
utensil for watering plants

waterline n
linia wodna wodnica
line on the hull of a ship

watermark n
znak wodny
translucent design impressed on paper

watermelon /ˈwɔtəɹˌmɛlən/ /ˈwɔːtəˌmɛlən/ n
arbuz kawon
fruit
plant

watermilfoil n
wywłócznik
plant of the genus Myriophyllum

waterproof adj
wodoodporny
unaffected by water

watertight /ˈwɑː.tɚ.taɪt/ /ˈwɔː.tə.taɪt/ adj
nieprzemakalny wodoszczelny
tightly made

waterway n
droga wodna
navigable body of water

wave /weɪv/ n
fala
moving disturbance, undulation
moving disturbance in a field
sudden unusually large amount of something
shape which alternatingly curves in opposite directions

wave /weɪv/ v
zamachać
to cause to move back and forth repeatedly
to signal with a waving movement
falować powiewać łopotać
to move back and forth repeatedly
machać
to wave one’s hand

wave-particle duality n
dualizm korpuskularno-falowy
concept applying to matter and radiation

wavefunction /ˈweɪv.fʌŋ(k).ʃən/ n
funkcja falowa
notion in quantum mechanics

waveguide n
falowód
a structure which guides waves

wavelet n
falka
a fast-decaying oscillation

wax /wæks/ adj
woskowy wosk
made of wax

wax /wæks/ n
wosk
oily, water-resistant substance
preparation containing wax, used as a polish

wax /wæks/ v
woskować
apply wax to

waxwing n
jemiołuszka
songbird of genus Bombycilla

waxy /ˈwæksi/ adj
woskowa woskowe woskowy
Resembling wax in texture or appearance

way /weɪ/ n
sposób metoda rozwiązanie
method or manner
droga
road, direction, path

way to go interjection
tak trzymać
expression of congrats, encouragement or approval

way too adv
bardzo wielce

waybill n
ceduła konosament
document that lists the final destination (and other details) of each part of a cargo

wayfarer n
wędrowiec
traveller

we /wi/ /wiː/ pronoun
my
the speakers, or the speaker(s) and other person(s) not being addressed (exclusive we: he or she or they and I)
the speaker(s) and the listener(s) (inclusive we: you and I)

weak /wiːk/ adj
słaby
lacking in force or ability
grammar: regular in inflection
dilute, lacking in taste or potency

weak nuclear interaction n
oddziaływanie słabe
fundamental interaction

weaken /ˈwikən/ v
osłabnąć słabnąć
to become weaker

weakling /ˈwijkˈlɪŋɡ/ n
mięczak słabeusz
person of weak character
słabeusz
person of weak or even sickly physical constitution

weakly /ˈwiːkli/ adv
słabo
with little strength or force

weakness /ˈwiːk.nəs/ n
słabość
condition of being weak
special fondness

wealth /wɛlθ/ n
bogactwo mnóstwo
great amount; an abundance or plenty, usually of money
bogactwo zamożność
riches; valuable material possessions

wealthy /ˈwɛlθ.i/ adj
bogaty zamożny
rich

weapon /ˈwɛ.pən/ n
broń oręż
instrument of attack or defense in combat

weapon of mass destruction n
broń masowego rażenia
weapon causing large-scale death or destruction

wear /wɛə(ɹ)/ /wɛə/ n
ubranie
clothing

wear /wɛə(ɹ)/ /wɛə/ v
nosić
to have on (clothes)

wear off v
przechodzić przejść zanikać zaniknąć
to diminish in effect
schodzić zejść zetrzeć się ścierać się
to disappear because of being abraded, over-polished, or abused

wear one's heart on one's sleeve v
mieć serce na dłoni
to be transparent or forthright about one's emotions

wear out one's welcome v
nadużyć gościnności
to make one's presence unwanted

wear rose-colored glasses v
patrzeć przez różowe okulary
to be excessively optimistic

wear thin v
tracić na znaczeniu
to lessen or weaken over time, as from overuse

weary /ˈwiːɹi/ /ˈwɪəɹi/ adj
znużony
having one's patience exhausted; sick
zmęczony
tired, fatigued
męczący
tiresome

weasel /ˈwizəl/ /ˈwiːz(ə)l/ n
łasica
least weasel, Mustela nivalis

weasel /ˈwizəl/ /ˈwiːz(ə)l/ v
wykręcić się
to weasel out of doing something

weasel out v
wykręcać się wykręcić się
to weasel out of doing something

weather /ˈwɛðə/ /ˈwɛðɚ/ n
pogoda aura
state of the atmosphere
niepogoda pogoda
unpleasant or destructive atmospheric conditions

weather balloon n
balon meteorologiczny
meteorological balloon

weather vane n
wiatrowskaz
a device showing the direction of the wind

weathering n
wietrzenie
breaking down of rocks

weave /wiːv/ v
tkać
to form something by passing strands of material over and under one another

weaver /ˈwi.vɚ/ /ˈwiː.və(ɹ)/ n
tkacz tkaczka
one who weaves

web /wɛb/ n
błona pławna
a fold of tissue connecting the toes of certain birds
sieć
any interconnected set of persons, places, or things
the World Wide Web (also spelled Web)

web browser /wɛb.bɹaʊ.zə(ɹ)/ n
przeglądarka internetowa
a computer program used to navigate the World Wide Web

web page n
strona internetowa strona WWW
a single page in a website

weber /ˈwɛbə/ /ˈwɛbɚ/ n
weber
derived unit of magnetic flux

webinar n
webinar
interactive seminar conducted via the World Wide Web

website /ˈwɛbˌsaɪt/ n
strona internetowa strona WWW witryna internetowa
a collection of pages on the World Wide Web

wedding /ˈwɛdɪŋ/ n
ślub swadźba
marriage ceremony

wedding dress n
suknia ślubna
the clothing worn by a bride during a wedding ceremony

wedding ring n
obrączka obrączka ślubna
a ring symbolizing marriage

wedge /wɛdʒ/ n
klucz
group of birds flying in V formation
kawałek
piece of food etc.
klin
simple machine

wee small hours n
o pogańskiej godzinie
very early morning

wee-wee n
siusiu cipka siusiak

weed /wiːd/ n
chwast
figuratively: something useless
cherlak mięczak
informal: puny person
trawka
slang: marijuana
zielsko
underbrush; low shrubs
chwast zielsko
unwanted plant

weed /wiːd/ v
odchwaszczać plewić
to remove weeds from

week /wik/ /wiːk/ n
tydzień
period of seven days

weekday n
dzień roboczy
weekday

weekend /wiːˈkɛnd/ /ˈwiˌkɛnd/ adj
weekendowy
occurring at the weekend
of, relating to or for the weekend

weekend /wiːˈkɛnd/ /ˈwiˌkɛnd/ n
weekend koniec tygodnia
break in the working week

weekly /wiːk.li/ adj
cotygodniowy
happening once a week or every week
tygodniowy
of or relating to a week

weekly /wiːk.li/ adv
co tydzień cotygodniowo
every week

weekly /wiːk.li/ n
tygodnik
publication that is published once a week

weep /wiːp/ v
płakać
to cry, shed tears

weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth n
płacz i zgrzytanie zębów
consternation, worry

weeping willow n
wierzba płacząca
Salix babylonica

weft /wɛft/ n
nić wątku wątek
fill
wątek
horizontal threads

weigh /weɪ/ v
ważyć
to determine the weight of an object
to have a certain weight
to weigh out

weigh down v
obciążać
to act as ballast
przytłaczać
to be too much to handle

weighing machine n
waga
a mechanical device for determing the weight of an object or person

weight /weɪt/ n
ciężar waga
force due to gravity

weighted graph n
graf ważony
graph

weighted mean n
średnia ważona
average calculated after biasing values

weightlessness n
nieważkość
having zero weight

weightlifter n
ciężarowiec sztangista sztangistka
person who competes for maximum weight lifted

weightlifting n
podnoszenie ciężarów
sport in which competitors lift heavy weights

weir /wɪə/ /wɪɹ/ n
jaz
adjustable dam
fence to catch fish

weird /ˈwiɚd/ /ˈwɪəd/ adj
dziwaczny
deviating from the normal; bizarre
dziwny
having an unusually strange character or behaviour

weirdo /ˈwɪədəʊ/ /ˈwɪəɹdoʊ/ n
dziwak
strange person

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ adj
mile widziany
whose arrival is a cause of joy

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ interjection
witamy witaj! witajcie!
greeting given upon someone's arrival

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ n
powitanie
act of greeting someone's arrival
utterance of such a greeting

welcome /ˈwɛlkəm/ v
witać
affirm or greet the arrival of someone

weld /wɛld/ n
rezeda żółtawa
herb

weld /wɛld/ v
spajać spoić zespajać zespoić
to bind, unite
spawać zespawać
to join materials (especially metals) by applying heat

welder /ˈwɛldə(ɹ)/ n
spawacz
one who welds

welding machine n
spawarka

welfare /ˈwɛlˌfɛə/ /ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/ n
socjal zasiłek
aid, provided by a government, etc.

welfare state n
państwo opiekuńcze
country in which such a system operates
social system in which the state takes overall responsibility for the welfare of its citizens

well /wɛl/ adj
zdrowy zdrowa
in good health

well /wɛl/ adv
nieźle
(slang) very
dobrze
accurately; competently
to a significant degree

well /wɛl/ interjection
coś takiego no
exclamation of surprise
cóż dobrze
to acknowledge a statement or situation
cóż hm no
used in conversation to fill space
no cóż
used to introduce a statement that may be contrary to expectations

well /wɛl/ n
studnia
hole sunk into the ground

well begun is half done proverb
dobry początek to połowa roboty
much depends on the beginning of an endeavour

well logging n
geofizyka otworowa
making a record of the geologic formations penetrated by a borehole

well-balanced adj
zrównoważony
properly balanced; in equilibrium

well-brought-up adj
dobrze wychowany
having good manners

well-mannered adj
dobrze wychowany
having good manners

well-nigh [ˈwɛɫnaɪ] adv
prawie
almost

well-read adj
oczytany
well informed and knowledgeable because of having read extensively

wels catfish n
sum
Silurus glanis

wench /wɛntʃ/ n
dziewka
(archaic) girl or young woman
dziwka
(archaic) promiscuous woman

werehyena /ˈwɛɹhaɪˌiːnə/ /ˈwɪəːhaɪˌiːnə/ n
hienołak
shapeshifter assuming the shape of a hyena

werewolf /ˈwɛəɹwʊlf/ /ˈwɛːwʊlf/ n
wilkołak likantrop
wolflike human

wergeld n
główszczyzna
reparative payment

west /wɛst/ adj
zachodni
occidental
western
na zachód
towards the west

west /wɛst/ n
zachód
compass point

western /ˈwɛstən/ /ˈwɛstɚn/ adj
zachodni
pertaining to the west
blowing from the west

western /ˈwɛstən/ /ˈwɛstɚn/ n
western
film or other dramatic work

western barn owl n
płomykówka zwyczajna
Tyto alba furcata

western capercaillie n
głuszec zwyczajny
Tetrao urogallus

western cattle egret n
czapla złotawa
Bubulcus ibis

western sandpiper n
biegus alaskanski
Calidris mauri

western slaty antshrike n
chronka nizinna
bird

westernization n
okcydentalizacja
assimilation of the western culture

westward /ˈwɛstwəd/ /ˈwɛstwɚd/ adv
na zachód
towards the west

wet /wɛt/ adj
mokry wilgotny
of an object: covered with or impregnated with liquid

wet blanket n
malkontent smutas
someone who takes the fun out of a situation or activity

wet nurse n
mamka
woman hired to suckle another woman's child

wether /ˈwɛðə/ /ˈwɛðɚ/ n
skop
castrated ram

wetland n
mokradło
land that is covered mostly with water, with occasional marshy and soggy areas

wetsuit /ˈwɛtˌs(j)ut/ n
pianka
close fitting, insulating garment

whale /weɪl/ /ʍeɪl/ n
wieloryb waleń
large sea mammal

whale shark n
rekin wielorybi
Rhincodon typus

whaling /ˈweɪlɪŋ/ n
wielorybnictwo
practice of hunting whales

wharf /hwɔɹf/ /wɔɹf/ /wɔːf/ n
keja przystań
man-made landing place

what /wɒt/ /wɔt/ /ʍɒt/ /ʍʌt/ [wʌɾ] adv
co
such

what /wɒt/ /wɔt/ /ʍɒt/ /ʍʌt/ [wʌɾ] determiner
jaki który jaka jakie która które
which

what /wɒt/ /wɔt/ /ʍɒt/ /ʍʌt/ [wʌɾ] interjection
co!
expression of surprise

what /wɒt/ /wɔt/ /ʍɒt/ /ʍʌt/ [wʌɾ] pronoun
co to, co
relative pronoun: that which; those that; the thing that
co
what? (interrogative pronoun)

what a lovely day phraseologicalUnit
ale piękny dzień
what a lovely day

what a pity phraseologicalUnit
szkoda
used to express regret

what are you doing phraseologicalUnit
co Pan robi? co Pani robi? co robisz?
what are you doing

what can I say phraseologicalUnit
cóż mam rzec?
indicating that there is nothing to be said which would improve matters

what does XX mean phraseologicalUnit
co oznacza XX?
what does XX mean?

what does that have to do with the price of tea in China phraseologicalUnit
co ma piernik do wiatraka gdzie Rzym, gdzie Krym
a comment used to indicate that a previous comment is irrelevant or unimportant

what doesn't kill you makes you stronger proverb
co cię nie zabije, to cię wzmocni
hardship builds moral character

what for adv
dlaczego po co
For what reason; why

what goes around comes around proverb
co z siebie dajesz, to do ciebie wraca fortuna kołem się toczy jak sobie pościelisz tak się wyśpisz
actions have consequences

what is that phraseologicalUnit
co to jest
what is that?

what is the Wi-Fi password phraseologicalUnit
jakie jest hasło do Wi-Fi?
what is the Wi-Fi password?

what is your name phraseologicalUnit
jak masz na imię? jak się nazywasz?
what is your name?

what languages do you speak phraseologicalUnit
jakie znasz języki?
what languages do you speak?

what should I do phraseologicalUnit
co powinienem zrobić? co powinnam zrobić?
what should I do?

what the fuck phraseologicalUnit
co jest kurwa?
An intensive form of what

what time is it phraseologicalUnit
która godzina? która jest godzina?
what is the time of day?

what's done is done proverb
co było, to było co się stało, to się nie odstanie

what's new phraseologicalUnit
co nowego
informal greeting asking what has happened recently

what's on your mind phraseologicalUnit
co ci chodzi po głowie
what is bothering you?

what's up phraseologicalUnit
co słychać? jak leci? jak tam?
How are you?

what's your job phraseologicalUnit
gdzie pracujesz? kim jesteś z zawodu?
what's your job?

whatchamacallit /ˈwɒtʃəməkɔːlɪt/ /ˈʍʌtʃəməkɔlɪt/ n
ustrojstwo wihajster
any object the actual name of which the speaker does not know or cannot remember

whatever /wʌtˈɛvɚ/ /ʍɒtˈɛvə/ determiner
cokolwiek
anything
no matter which; for any

whatever /wʌtˈɛvɚ/ /ʍɒtˈɛvə/ interjection
nieważne
indicating the speaker does not care what someone says

whatsoever /ˌ(h)wʌtsoʊˈɛvɚ/ /ˌwɒtsəʊˈɛvə(ɹ)/ adj
w ogóle wcale
in any way

wheat /wiːt/ /ʍiːt/ n
pszenica
grain

wheatear n
białorzytka
various passerine birds

wheaten adj
pszeniczny pszenny
made from wheat

wheel /wiːl/ n
koło
a circular device facilitating movement or transportation
koło sterowe
steering device in a vessel

wheel of Fortune pn
koło fortuny
Tarot card

wheelbarrow n
taczka
small cart

wheelchair /ˈwilˌt͡ʃɛɚ/ /ˈwiːlt͡ʃɛə(ɹ)/ n
wózek inwalidzki
chair

wheelhouse /ˈwiːlˌhaʊs/ n
sterówka
enclosed compartment on the deck of a vessel from which it may be navigated

wheelwright n
kołodziej
person who builds and repairs wheels

wheeze /ʍiːz/ n
charczenie sapanie
piping or whistling sound caused by difficult respiration

wheeze /ʍiːz/ v
charczeć chrypieć rzęzić sapać
breathe hard

whelm /ʍɛlm/ v
otoczyć
to bury, cover; to engulf, submerge
ogarnąć
to overcome with emotion

when /wɛn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ adv
kiedy gdy
at what time, as a direct question

when /wɛn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ conjunction
gdy kiedy
at a time in the past
as soon as
at such time as
kiedy
at what time

when /wɛn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ n
kiedy
the time

when /wɛn/ /ʍɛn/ /ʍɪn/ pronoun
kiedy
what time; which time

when Hell freezes over adv
prędzej piekło zamarznie
never

when in Rome, do as the Romans do proverb
co kraj, to obyczaj jeśli wejdziesz między wrony, musisz krakać jak i one w czyim chlebie smakujemy, tego i pochlebujemy
behave as those around do

when pigs fly adv
na świętego nigdy
never, expressed by an idiom

when the cat's away the mice will play proverb
gdy kota nie ma, myszy harcują
in the absence of a controlling entity, subordinates will take advantage of circumstances

whence /wɛns/ /ʍɛns/ adv
skąd
from where; from which place or source

whenever /wəˈnɛvə/ /wəˈnɛvɚ/ conjunction
kiedykolwiek
at any time that

where /ʍɛə(ɹ)/ /ʍɛɚ/ adv
gdzie
at or in what place
in what situation
skąd
from what place
dokąd
to what place

where /ʍɛə(ɹ)/ /ʍɛɚ/ conjunction
gdzie skąd
at or in which place
dokąd
to which place or situation
podczas gdy
while on the contrary, although, whereas

where /ʍɛə(ɹ)/ /ʍɛɚ/ n
gdzie
the place in which something happens

where are we phraseologicalUnit
gdzie jesteśmy?
where are we

where are you phraseologicalUnit
gdzie jesteś?
where are you?

where are you from phraseologicalUnit
skąd jesteś? skąd pan jest skąd pochodzisz?
in which country or region were you born or raised

where are your parents phraseologicalUnit
gdzie są pana rodzice? gdzie są pani rodzice? gdzie są twoi rodzice?
where are your parents?

where do you live phraseologicalUnit
gdzie Pan mieszka? gdzie Pani mieszka? gdzie mieszkasz?
where do you live?

where does this bus go phraseologicalUnit
dokąd jedzie ten autobus?
where does this bus go

where does this train go phraseologicalUnit
dokąd jedzie ten pociąg?
where does this train go

where is the toilet phraseologicalUnit
gdzie jest toaleta? gdzie jest ubikacja?
where is the toilet?

where there is a will there is a way /ʍɛə ˌðɛəɹ ɪz ə ˈwɪl ðɛəɹ ɪz ə ˈweɪ/ /ʍɛɚ ˌðɛɚ ɪz ə ˈwɪl ðɛɚ ɪz ə ˈweɪ/ proverb
chcieć to móc chcącemu nic nie trudno, niechcącemu wszytko dla chcącego nic trudnego dla chcącego nie ma nic trudnego
if someone wants or wills something strongly enough, a way can be found

whereabouts /ˈʍɛəɹəˌbaʊts/ /ˌʍɛəɹəˈbaʊts/ n
miejsce pobytu
location

wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/ /wɛəˈɹɛvə/ adv
dokądże gdzież
emphatic form of "where"

wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/ /wɛəˈɹɛvə/ conjunction
wszędzie
in all places, everywhere
dokąd nie dokąd tylko dokądkolwiek gdzie nie gdzie tylko gdziekolwiek
in any place, anywhere

whether /ˈwɛðə(ɹ)/ /ˈʍɛðə(ɹ)/ conjunction
czy ... czy
if, whether or not
czy
introducing indirect questions

whetstone /wɛtstəʊn/ n
osełka
stone used to hone tools

whew /hwjuː/ interjection
uf uff
an expressive sound made indicating the release of one's inner tension

whey /ʍeɪ/ n
serwatka
liquid remaining after milk has been curdled

which /wɪt͡ʃ/ /ʍɪt͡ʃ/ determiner
który
(interrogative) what, of those mentioned or implied
(relative) the one(s) that

which /wɪt͡ʃ/ /ʍɪt͡ʃ/ pronoun
który
(relative) who, whom, what
(interrogative) what one or ones

whicker /ˈwɪkə/ /ˈwɪkɚ/ v
rżeć
to neigh softly

whiff /wɪf/ n
podmuch
waft; brief, gentle breeze; light gust of air

while /waɪl/ /ʍaɪl/ conjunction
chociaż
although
dopóki gdy podczas
during the same time that

while /waɪl/ /ʍaɪl/ n
chwila jakiś czas
uncertain duration of time, a period of time

whim /wɪm/ /ʍɪm/ n
kaprys
fanciful impulse

whimper v
kwilić skomleć
to cry or sob softly and intermittently

whinchat n
pokląskwa
Saxicola ruberta

whine /waɪn/ /ʍaɪn/ v
marudzić
to utter a whine

whip /wɪp/ /ʍɪp/ n
bat bicz
rod or rope

whip /wɪp/ /ʍɪp/ v
chłostać
to hit with a whip

whipped cream n
bita śmietana
thick cream that has had air incorporated into it by rapid beating

whirlpool /ˈwɜːlpuːl/ /ˈwɝlpul/ n
wir wodny
swirling body of water

whirlwind /ˈ(h)wɜːlwɪnd/ n
trąba powietrzna
a violent windstorm of limited extent characterised by an inward spiral motion of the air

whisker /ʍɪskə(ɹ)/ n
wibrys wibrysy
long projecting hair at the sides of the mouth of a cat
bokobrody
part of the beard

whiskered tern n
rybitwa białowąsa
Chlidonias hybrida

whiskey /ˈwɪski/ /ˈʍɪski/ n
whisky
alcoholic drink

whisper /ˈ(h)wɪspə/ /ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/ n
szept
act of speaking in a quiet voice

whisper /ˈ(h)wɪspə/ /ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/ v
szeptać szepnąć
to talk in a quiet voice

whist /wɪst/ /ʍɪst/ n
wist
card game

whistle /wɪsl̩/ /ʍɪsl̩/ n
gwizd świst
act of whistling
gwizdek
device used to make a whistling sound
gwizd
sound made by whistling
sound similar to the sound made by whistling

whistle /wɪsl̩/ /ʍɪsl̩/ v
gwizdać świstać
to produce a whistling sound

whistle Dixie v
fantazjować
to engage in idle conversational phantasies

whistle past the graveyard v
robić dobrą minę do złej gry
to try to be cheerful in the face of one's fears

white /waɪt/ /ʍaɪt/ adj
biały
bright and colourless
of or relating to Caucasians
board games: deemed to belong to the white set
politics: anti-revolutionary

white /waɪt/ /ʍaɪt/ n
białko
albumen
biel biały
color/colour

white as a sheet adj
biały jak papier
pale as if suffering from shock

white as snow adj
śnieżnobiały
very white

white blood cell n
krwinka biała
cytology: a type of blood cell that is involved with an immune response

white cabbage n
kapusta biała
Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba

white clover n
koniczyna biała
Trifolium repens

white coat n
kitel
white coat worn in laboratories

white dwarf n
biały karzeł
white dwarf star

white elephant n
biały słoń
mammal

white mustard n
gorczyca biała
Sinapis alba

white stork n
bocian bocian biały
large wading bird, Ciconia ciconia

white tea n
biała herbata
drink

white wine n
białe wino
light coloured wine

white-backed black tit n
sikora jasnogrzbieta
Melaniparus leuconotus

white-bearded antshrike n
sliniacznik
passerine bird

white-bellied tit n
sikora białobrzucha
Melaniparus albiventris

white-billed diver n
nur białodzioby
Gavia adamsii

white-browed tit n
sikora białobrewa
Poecile superciliosus

white-eyed gull n
mewa bialooka
Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus

white-fronted tit n
sikora białoczelna
Sittiparus semilarvatus

white-headed duck n
sterniczka
Oxyura leucocephala

white-naped tit n
sikora białokarkowa
Machlolophus nuchalis

white-rumped sandpiper n
biegus białorzytny
Calidris fuscicollis

white-shouldered antshrike n
chronka kropkowana
passerine bird

white-tailed lapwing n
czajka stepowa
Vanellus leucurus

white-winged tern n
rybitwa białoskrzydła
Chlidonias leucopterus

whitebeam /ˈwaɪtˌbim/ /ˈwaɪtˌbiːm/ n
jarząb mączny
any of various Eurasian deciduous trees of the genus Sorbus subg. Aria

whitelist n
biała lista
list of people that are known

whitethroat n
cierniówka
Sylvia communis

whither /ˈwɪðɚ/ /ˈʍɪðə/ /ˈʍɪðɚ/ adv
dokąd
to which place

whitish /ˈwaɪtɪʃ/ /ˈʍaɪtɪʃ/ adj
białawy
somewhat white

whitlow /ˈwɪt.loʊ/ n
zastrzał
an infection

whittle /ˈwʰɪtəl/ n
scyzoryk
large knife

whittle /ˈwʰɪtəl/ v
wyrzeźbić wystrugać
cut or shape wood with a knife

who /huː/ pronoun
który
who (relative pronoun)
kto
who? (interrogative pronoun)

who knows phraseologicalUnit
kto wie?
rhetorical question: anything is possible
rhetorical question: one doesn't know

who watches the watchers phraseologicalUnit
kto pilnować będzie samych strażników
concern about whether the law is enforced on those who enforce the law

who would have thunk it /ˈhuː wʊd həv ˈθʌŋk ɪt/ phraseologicalUnit
kto by pomyślał
who would have guessed it?

whoa /woʊ/ /wəʊ/ interjection
prr
stop, said to a horse

whodunit /ˌhuːˈdʌn.ɪt/ n
kryminał powieść detektywistyczna powieść kryminalna
a crime novel or drama

whoever /huˈɛvə/ /huˈɛvɚ/ pronoun
ktokolwiek
whatever person or persons

whole /hoʊl/ /həʊl/ adj
cały
entire
pełny
food with no constituents removed

whole /hoʊl/ /həʊl/ adv
całkowicie
colloquial: in entirety

whole /hoʊl/ /həʊl/ n
całość
something complete

wholeheartedly /ˌhəʊlˈhɑː(ɹ)t.ədli/ adv
z całego serca
in a wholehearted manner; with one's whole heart; enthusiastically

wholemeal bread n
chleb razowy
bread

wholeness n
całość
quality of being whole

wholesale adj
hurtowy
of or relating to sale in bulk or large quantity

wholesale adv
hurtowo
in bulk or large quantity

wholesale n
hurt
sale of products, often in large quantities, to retailers or other merchants

wholesome /ˈhoʊlsəm/ adj
zdrowa zdrowe zdrowi zdrowy
promoting good health, and well-being

whom /huːm/ pronoun
komu
what person or people, object of a preposition (dative)
kogo
what person; object of a verb (accusative)

whooping cough n
koklusz
a contagious disease

whore /ho(ː)ɹ/ /hoə/ /hɔɹ/ /hɔː/ /hʊɹ/ n
kurwa dziwka prostytutka szmata

whore /ho(ː)ɹ/ /hoə/ /hɔɹ/ /hɔː/ /hʊɹ/ v
prostytuować się
to prostitute oneself

whose /huːz/ determiner
który
of which (relative)
of whom (relative)
czyj
of whom (interrogative)

why /ʍaɪ/ adv
dlaczego czemu
dlaczego czemu na co po co
for what reason

why /ʍaɪ/ interjection
ależ przecież toć
exclamation of surprise

why /ʍaɪ/ n
dlaczego powód
the reason

wick /wɪk/ n
knot świecidło
the porous cord that draws up liquid fuel for burning

wicked /ˈwɪkɪd/ adj
nikczemny podły
evil or mischevous

wicker /ˈwɪkə(ɹ)/ /ˈwɪkɚ/ n
wiklina
flexible branch or twig

wickerworker n
wikliniarz
someone who makes things with wicker

wicket gate n
bramka furtka
a small gate or door, especially one built into a large one

wide /waɪd/ /wɑed/ adj
szeroki
having a large physical extent from side to side

wide /waɪd/ /wɑed/ adv
szeroko
extensively

wide open adj
na oścież
open completely

wide-angle lens n
obiektyw szerokokątny
short focal length lens

widely /ˈwaɪdli/ adv
szeroko
commonly, generally
daleko
separated by a large distance

widespread adj
rozpowszechniony
affecting a large area

widget n
widżet
component of a graphical user interface that the user interacts with

widow /ˈwɪ.doʊ/ /ˈwɪ.dəʊ/ n
wdowa
woman whose spouse has died

widow's mite /ˈwɪdoʊz ˈmaɪt/ /ˈwɪdəʊz ˈmaɪt/ n
wdowi grosz
very small gift or donation

widower /ˈwɪdoʊɚ/ n
wdowiec
a man whose spouse has died and who has not remarried

widowerhood n
wdowieństwo
The period of being a widower

widowhood n
wdowieństwo
The period of being a widow

width /ˈwɪtθ/ n
szerokość
measurement of something from side to side

wiener n
frankfurterka
siusiak
childish word for the penis

wife /waɪf/ n
żona małżonka
married woman

wig /wɪɡ/ n
peruka
head of artificial hair

wigeon n
świstun
a kind of duck

wight /waɪt/ n
istota
a living creature, a human being

wigmaker n
perukarz
person who makes wigs

wigwam /ˈwɪɡwɑːm/ n
wigwam
a Native American dwelling

wiki /ˈwɪki/ n
wiki
collaborative website

wikiproject n
wikiprojekt
collection of pages

wild /waɪld/ adj
dziki
not domesticated or tamed
raucous, unruly, and savage

wild ass /waɪld ˈæs/ n
dziki osioł
mammal

wild boar /ˈwaɪld ˈboɹ/ /ˈwaɪld ˈbɔː/ n
dzik
Sus scrofa

wild card n
wieloznacznik
a substitute character

wild goose n
gęś gęgawa
species of wildlife goose

wild rice n
dziki ryż
any species of Zizania

wild service tree n
jarząb brekinia brzęk
Sorbus torminalis

wild strawberry n
poziomka poziomka pospolita
Fragaria vesca

wild thyme n
macierzanka piaskowa
species of flowering plant in the mint family

wild turkey n
indyk
Meleagris gallopavo

wild-goose chase n
[[szukać wiatru w polu|szukanie wiatru w polu]]
fruitless, futile pursuit

wildcat /ˈwaɪldˌkæt/ n
żbik
Felis silvestris

wilderness /ˈwɪl.də.nɪs/ /ˈwɪl.dəɹ.nəs/ n
dzicz manowce pustkowie pustynia
uncultivated tract of land

wildly /ˈwaɪldli/ adv
wściekle
in a wild manner

will /wɪl/ n
wola
act of choosing to do something; conscious intent or volition
testament
legal document

will o' the wisp /ˌwɪləðəˈwɪsp/ n
błędny ognik ognik
strange light

will you marry me phraseologicalUnit
wyjdziesz za mnie?
marriage proposal

willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj
chętny gotowy ochoczy
ready to do something that is not a matter of course

willingness /ˈwɪlɪŋnəs/ n
chęć ochota
state of being willing

willow /ˈwɪl.əʊ/ /ˈwɪloʊ/ n
wierzba
tree

willow warbler n
piecuszek
Phylloscopus trochilus

willowherb n
wierzbownica
Epilobium

willpower /ˈwɪlˌpaʊɚ/ n
siła woli
strength of will

willy n
siusiak
The penis

willy-nilly /ˌwɪliˈnɪli/ adv
na chybił trafił
seemingly at random, haphazardly
chcąc nie chcąc
whether desired or not

wilt /wɪlt/ v
więdnąć
to droop

wimp n
mięczak ciapa pierdoła sierota wymoczek
someone who lacks confidence

win /wɪn/ n
zwycięstwo wygrana
individual victory

win /wɪn/ v
wygrywać zwyciężać
intransitive: achieve by winning
zdobywać zdobyć
obtain (someone) by wooing
wygrać zwyciężyć wygrywać zwyciężać
transitive: achieve victory in

wind /ˈwaɪnd/ /ˈwɪnd/ n
wiatry
flatus
wiatr
movement of air

wind /ˈwaɪnd/ /ˈwɪnd/ v
nawijać
to turn coils of something around

wind generator n
turbina wiatrowa
wind-driven generator

wind up v
robić w konia
to play a prank, to take the mickey or mock

windbreaker n
wiatrówka
thin outer coat

windfall /ˈwɪnd.fɑl/ n
spad
fruit fallen off a tree naturally

winding number n
indeks
the number of times a curve travels counterclockwise around a point

windmill /ˈwɪnd.mɪl/ n
wiatrak
structure
machine

window /ˈwɪndoʊ/ /ˈwɪndə/ /ˈwɪndəʊ/ n
okno okienko
area on a computer screen
okno
opening for light and air
period of time

window frame n
framuga
framework around a window

windowpane /ˈwɪndoʊˌpeɪn/ /ˈwɪndəʊˌpeɪn/ n
szyba szyba okienna
piece of glass filling a window

windowsill /ˈwɪndoʊˌsɪl/ /ˈwɪndəʊˌsɪl/ n
parapet podokiennik
the horizontal member protruding from the base of a window frame

windpipe n
tchawica
trachea

windshield wiper n
wycieraczka
device to clear a windshield

windsurfing n
windsurfing
a marine sport

windward /ˈwɪndwə(ɹ)d/ /ˈwɪnə(ɹ)d/ adj
nawietrzny
towards the wind

windward /ˈwɪndwə(ɹ)d/ /ˈwɪnə(ɹ)d/ n
nawietrzna
towards the wind

windy /ˈwɪndi/ adj
wietrzny
accompanied by wind

wine /waɪn/ n
wino
alcoholic beverage made from grapes
alcoholic beverage made from other fruit or vegetables

wine /waɪn/ v
pić wino
drink wine

wine bar n
winiarnia
drinking establishment where only wine is served

wine glass n
kieliszek do wina
glass vessel for drinking wine from

winegrower n
winiarz winogrodnik
person or company that makes wine

winemaking n
winiarstwo
the act of making wine

winery /ˈwaɪnəɹi/ n
winiarnia
a place where wine is made, or a company that makes wine

wineskin n
bukłak
bag for holding wine

wing /wɪŋ/ n
błotnik
panel of a car which encloses the wheel area
skrzydło
part of an aircraft
part of an animal
extension to a main body
fraction of a political movement
extension of a ship's bridge
sports: position in many team sports

winged /wɪŋ(ɪ)d/ /wɪŋd/ adj
skrzydlaty uskrzydlony
having wings

winger n
skrzydłowy
offensive player

winglet n
szkrzydełko
a small wing

wingman n
skrzydłowy
friend that gives support
pilot partner

wingnut /ˈwɪŋˌnʌt/ n
skrzydłorzech
genus Pterocarya (botany)

wingspan n
rozpiętość skrzydeł
the distance from left wingtip to right

wink /ˈwɪŋk/ v
mrugnąć
to blink with only one eye as a message, signal, or suggestion

winner /ˈwɪnə/ /ˈwɪnɚ/ n
zwycięzca zwyciężczyni
one who has won or often wins

winsome /ˈwɪns(ə)m/ /ˈwɪnsəm/ adj
ujmujący
charming, engaging, winning

winter /ˈwɪntə/ /ˈwɪntɚ/ [ˈwɪntʰɚ] [ˈwɪɾ̃ɚ] n
zima
fourth season, marked by short days and lowest temperatures

winter solstice n
przesilenie zimowe
the moment when the hemisphere is most inclined away from the sun

winter sport n
sport zimowy białe szaleństwo
sport played on ice or snow

winter swimmer n
mors
one who participates in winter swimming

wintergreen n
gruszyczka
evergreen perennial of the genus Pyrola

wintrily adv
zimowo
in a wintry manner

wintry /ˈwɪnt(ə)ɹi/ /ˈwɪnt(ə)ɹɪ/ adj
zimowy
suggestive or characteristic of winter; cold, stormy

wipe /waɪp/ v
wymazać
erase a computer disk
wycierać wytrzeć
remove surface substance

wipe off v
zetrzeć
removing by wiping

wire /waɪə(ɹ)/ /ˈwaɪɚ/ n
kabel przewód
metal conductor that carries electricity
pluskwa
slang: hidden listening device on the person
drut
thin thread of metal

wire copy n
depesza
item published by a wire service

wireless /ˈwaɪ.ə(ɹ).ləs/ adj
bezprzewodowy
not having any wires
radiowy
of or relating to wireless telegraphy

wireless /ˈwaɪ.ə(ɹ).ləs/ n
radio
radio

wiretap n
pluskwa
covert connection

wiretap v
zakładać pluskwę
to install or to use such a device

wiring harness n
pęk wiązka
bundle of insulated wires

wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/ n
mądrość
element of personal character
ability to apply relevant knowledge in an insightful way
ability to know and apply spiritual truths
ability to make a decision based on the combination of knowledge, experience, and intuitive understanding
discretionary use of knowledge for the greatest good
piece of wise advice

wisdom tooth n
ząb mądrości ósemka
rearmost molar in humans

wise /waɪz/ adj
mądry
showing good judgement

wisent /ˈviːzənt/ /ˈwɪzənt/ n
żubr
The European bison, Bison bonasus

wish /wɪʃ/ n
życzenie
desire

wish /wɪʃ/ v
życzyć
to hope for an outcome

wishbone n
widełki
bird's bone

wishful thinking n
myślenie życzeniowe pobożne życzenia
illusion that what one would like is true

wisteria n
glicynia słodlin wisteria
a genus of about ten species of woody climbing vines

witch /wɪtʃ/ n
wiedźma
derogatory: ugly or unpleasant woman
czarownica wiedźma jędza heks
person who uses magic

witch doctor /ˈwɪtʃ ˌdɑktɚ/ /ˈwɪtʃ ˌdɒktə/ n
ciota szaman uzdrowiciel znachor
person believed to ward off witchcraft and heal through magic

witch hazel n
oczar
tree of the genus Hamamelis

witch-hunt /ˈwɪtʃhʌnt/ n
polowanie na czarownice
campaign to punish dissident persons
persecution of persons believed to be using magic

witchcraft /ˈwɪtʃkɹæft/ n
czary
the practice of witches

witching hour n
godzina duchów
hour after midnight, when witches were thought to be active

with /wɘð/ /wɪi/ /wɪð/ /wɪθ/ preposition
z
against
in addition to
in the company of
by means of
as nourishment
in support of
expressing manner

with all due respect
z całym szacunkiem z należytym szacunkiem
phrase used before disagreeing with someone

with bated breath /wɪð ˈbeɪtɪd ˈbɹɛθ/
z zapartym tchem
eagerly
holding one's breath

withdraw /wɪðˈdɹɔː/ v
wypłacać wypłacić
extract (money from an account)
wycofać
take back

withe /wɪθ/ n
witka
twig or shoot

wither /ˈwɪðə/ /ˈwɪðɚ/ v
więdnąć
(intransitive) shrivel, droop, dry up

witherite n
witeryt
mineral

withers /ˈwɪð.əz/ /ˈwɪð.ɚz/ n
kłąb
part of the back of a draft animal

within /wɪðˈɪn/ /wɪˈθɪn/ preposition
w przeciągu
before the specified duration ends
wewnątrz
spatial enclosure

without /wɪθˈaʊt/ /wɪθˈʌʊt/ preposition
bez
not having

witness /ˈwɪtnəs/ n
świadectwo
attestation of a fact or event
świadek
one who has a personal knowledge of something
someone called to give evidence in a court

witty /ˈwɪti/ adj
dowcipny
clever; amusingly ingenious

wizard /wɪ.zɚd/ /ˈwɪ.zəd/ n
asystent kreator
computing: program or script used to simplify complex operations
czarodziej czarownik
person skilled with magic

wizardry n
czarnoksięstwo
art of a wizard; sorcery

woad n
farbownik siniło urzet
Isatis tinctoria

woe /woʊ/ /wəʊ/ n
niedola cierpienie nieszczęście żałość
grief; sorrow; misery; heavy calamity

wog /wɒɡ/ n
brudas ciapaty
an offensive term for a dark-skinned person

wok /wɒk/ n
wok
large round pan

wolf /wʊlf/ /wʌlf/ /ˈwʊf/ n
wilk basior wadera
animal

wolf /wʊlf/ /wʌlf/ /ˈwʊf/ v
pochłonąć pożreć
to devour

wolf in sheep's clothing n
wilk w owczej skórze
a disguised danger

wolfberry n
kolcowój pospolity kolcowój szkarłatny
Lycium barbarum or Lycium chinense

wolffish /ˈwʊlfˌfɪʃ/ n
zębacz
fish

wolfish /ˈwʊlfiʃ/ adj
wilczy
akin to the characteristics or habits of a wolf

wolfpack n
wilcze stado
group of wild wolves

wollastonite n
wollastonit
grey inosilicate mineral

wolverine /ˈwʊlvəˌɹiːn/ n
rosomak
Gulo gulo

woman /ˈwʊmɘn/ /ˈwʊmən/ n
kobieta żona
adult female person

womanizer /ˈwʊmənaɪzəɹ/ n
babiarz kobieciarz bawidamek podrywacz tulipan
habitual seducer of women

womanly adj
kobiecy
having the characteristics of a woman

womb /wuːm/ n
łono
figuratively: place where something is made or formed
macica
uterus

wombat /ˈwɑmˌbæt/ /ˈwɒm.bæt/ n
wombat
marsupial

wonder /ˈwʌndə/ /ˈwʌndɚ/ n
cud dziw
something that causes amazement or awe, a marvel

wonderful /ˈwʌn.də.fl/ /ˈwʌn.dɚ.fl̩/ adj
cudowny zadziwiający zdumiewający
excellent, extremely impressive

wonton /ˈwɑntɑn/ /ˈwɒntɒn/ n
wonton
Chinese dumpling

wood /wʊd/ n
drewno na opał drewno opałowe
firewood
drewno
substance
drewno drzewo
wood from a particular species
las bór knieja
woodland

wood anemone n
zawilec gajowy
Anemone nemorosa

wood apple n
feronia słoniowa
Limonia acidissima

wood cudweed n
szarota leśna
Gnaphalium sylvaticum

wood mouse n
mysz zaroślowa
European rodent

wood sandpiper n
łęczak brodziec leśny
Tringa stagnatilis

wood sorrel /ˈwʊdˌsɒɹəl/ n
szczawik zajęczy
a white-flowered woodland plant, Oxalis acetosella
szczawik
any of several other species of the genus Oxalis

woodcarver n
snycerz
a person who is skilled at woodcarving

woodchip n
zrębek
chip of wood

woodchipper n
rębak
woodchip making machine

woodchuck /ˈwʊd.tʃʌk/ n
świszcz
rodent of the family Sciuridae

woodcock /ˈwʊd.kɒk/ n
słonka
wading bird in the genus Scolopax

woodcut n
drzeworytnictwo
method of printmaking

woodcutter n
drzeworytnik
person who makes woodcuts

wooden /ˈwʊdən/ adj
drewniany
made of wood

wooden spoon n
drewniana łyżka kopyść
spoon made from wood

woodlark n
lerka
Lullula arborea

woodlouse /ˈwʊd.ˌlaʊs/ n
stonoga
any species of suborder Oniscidea

woodpecker /ˈwʊdpɛkə/ /ˈwʊdˌpɛkɚ/ n
dzięcioł
bird in Picinae

woodwind instrument n
instrument dęty drewniany
musical instrument

woody /ˈwʊdi/ adj
lesisty
covered in woods

wooer /ˈwu.ɚ/ /ˈwuː.ə/ n
absztyfikant
someone who woos or courts

woof /wʊf/ n
wątek
set of yarns placed crosswise in a loom
hau
sound of a dog

wool /wʊl/ n
wełna przędza
cloth or yarn
wełna
hair of sheep, etc.

woolly /ˈwʊli/ adj
wełniany
made of wool

wop /wɒp/ n
makaroniarz
person of Italian descent

word /wɜːd/ /wɝd/ n
słowo
promise
słowo boże słowo
the word of God
słowo wyraz
unit of language
computing: fixed-size group of bits handled as a unit

word of honor n
słowo honoru
a promise, or a pledge of one's good faith

word of mouth n
poczta pantoflowa
verbal means of passing of information

word order n
kolejność słów szyk wyrazów w zdaniu
order of syntactic constituents

word processor n
edytor tekstu edytor tekstowy
software

word search n
wykreślanka
a word game

word-for-word adj
dosłowny
Using exactly the same words as were originally used

wordplay n
gra słów

work /wəik/ /wɜːk/ /wɝk/ [wɔːk] n
praca
effort expended on a particular task
place where one is employed
measure of energy expended in moving an object
thermodynamics: energy in transit between one form or repository and another
praca robota
labour, employment, occupation, job
dzieło utwór
literary, artistic, or intellectual production

work /wəik/ /wɜːk/ /wɝk/ [wɔːk] v
przedzierać się
effect by gradual degrees (transitive)
wyszywać
embroider with thread
zużuwać
exhaust
działać
function correctly
wprowadzić
set into action
obrabiać
shape, form, or improve a material
pracować
to do a specific task
cause to ferment

work-to-rule n
strajk włoski
labor protest in which the minimum work is carried out

workable adj
efektywny sprawny
capable of functioning

workaholic adj
pracoholik
in the nature or manner of a workaholic

workaholic n
pracoholik
person

workaholism n
pracoholizm
urge of a person to work excessively

workbench n
stół
sturdy table

worker /ˈwɜː.kə/ /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ n
robotnica
insect
robotnik robotnica
person who performs labor

worker bee n
robotnica
sterile bee

workers of the world, unite phraseologicalUnit
proletariusze wszystkich krajów, łączcie się!
workers of the world, unite

working /ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ /ˈwɝkɪŋ/ adj
roboczy
of or relating to employment
suffices but requires additional work

working class n
klasa robotnicza
social class doing physical work

working day n
dzień roboczy
day of a week in which work is done

workmanship /ˈwɜːk.mən.ʃɪp/ n
fachowa robota
the quality of something made by an artisan or craftsman
fachowość
the skill of an artisan or craftsman

workplace n
miejsce pracy
place where someone works

workshop /ˈwɜːk.ʃɒp/ /ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/ n
warsztaty akademickie
academic conference
warsztaty
intensive course of education
warsztat
small manufacturing room

workstation n
stacja robocza
powerful desktop computer

world /wɜːld/ /wɝːld/ /wɵːld/ n
świat
human collective existence
the Earth
inhabited planet
individual or group perspective or social setting
uniwersum wrzechświat
the universe

world war n
wojna światowa
a war involving the major nations of the world

world's oldest profession n
najstarszy zawód świata
euphemism for prostitution

worldly /ˈwɜː(ɹ)ldli/ adj
laicki świecki
concerned with the secular rather than sacred
światowy
versed in the ways of the world

worldview n
światopogląd
personal view of the world

worldwide adj
światowy
affecting every place in the world

worm /wɜːm/ /wɝm/ n
robak czerw
animal
smok
dragon or mythological serpent
robak
self-replicating program

wormhole n
tunel czasoprzestrzenny
a shortcut between distant parts of space

wormwood /ˈwə(ɹ)m.wʊd/ n
piołun
Artemisia absinthium

worn out adj
zniszczony zużyty
damaged and useless due to hard or continued use
padnię wymęczony zmęczony
exhausted from exertion

worry /ˈwɒɹi/ /ˈwʌɹi/ n
zmartwienie
strong feeling of anxiety

worry /ˈwɒɹi/ /ˈwʌɹi/ v
gryźć się głowić się martwić się niepokoić się
be troubled
niepokoić
disturb the peace of mind of

worrying /ˈwʌɹijˌɪŋ/ adj
niepokojący
inducing worry

worse /wɜːs/ /wɝs/ [wəɪs] adj
gorszy
comparative form of bad

worse /wɜːs/ /wɝs/ [wəɪs] adv
gorzej
comparative of badly

worse for wear adj
zmęczony życiem
Drunk

worship /ˈwɜː.ʃɪp/ /ˈwɝ.ʃɪp/ n
kult
devotion accorded to a deity or to a sacred object
adoracja uwielbiene
the religious ceremonies that express this devotion

worship /ˈwɜː.ʃɪp/ /ˈwɝ.ʃɪp/ v
czcić
to honor and adore, especially as a deity

worst /wɜːst/ /wɝst/ adj
najgorszy
most inferior

worst /wɜːst/ /wɝst/ adv
najgorzej
in the worst way

worst /wɜːst/ /wɝst/ n
najgorsze
something that is worst

worth /wɜːθ/ /wɝθ/ adj
warty
equal in value to

worth /wɜːθ/ /wɝθ/ n
wartość
value

worthless /ˈwɜːθləs/ /ˈwɝθləs/ adj
bezwartościowy nic nie wart
not having worth and use, without value, inconsequential

would /wəd/ /wʊd/ v
by
indicating an action or state that is conditional on another

would-be adj
aspirujący
attempting or desiring something
niedoszły
unfulfilled or frustrated in realizing an ambition

wound /waʊnd/ /wund/ /wuːnd/ n
rana
injury

wound /waʊnd/ /wund/ /wuːnd/ v
urazić
hurt (someone's feelings)
ranić zranić
hurt or injure

wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/ adj
ranny
suffering from a wound

woundwort n
czyściec
genus Stachys

wow /waʊ̯/ interjection
o rany wow!
excitement

wraith /ɹeɪθ/ n
widmo zjawa
A ghost or specter, especially seen just after a person's death

wrangle /ˈɹæŋ.ɡəl/ v
kłócić się spierać
to bicker

wrap /ɹæp/ v
zawijać zawinąć
to enclose completely in fabric, paper, etc

wrap around one's little finger v
owinąć sobie kogoś wokół palca
to successfully control or influence

wrapping paper n
papier pakowy
paper used for wrapping parcels or presents

wrath /ɹæθ/ /ɹɒθ/ n
gniew
great anger

wreak havoc /ɹiːk ˈhæv.ək/ v
siać spustoszenie
To cause damage, disruption, or destruction

wreath /ɹiːθ/ n
zawój
heraldry: support of a crest
wianek wieniec
ornamental circular band
kłąb
something twisted and curled

wren /ɹɛn/ n
strzyżyk
bird of family Troglodytidae

wrest /ɹɛst/ v
wyrwać wyrywać
to obtain by pulling or violent force

wrestler n
zapaśniczka zapaśnik
person who wrestles

wrestling n
wrestling zapasy
sport

wretched /ɹɛtʃt/ /ˈɹɛtʃɪd/ adj
nędzny
very miserable

wrinkle n
zmarszczka
line or crease in the skin
furrow in a smooth surface

wrinkle v
pomarszczyć
to make wrinkles in; to cause to have wrinkles

wrist /ɹɪst/ n
nadgarstek
wrist

wristband /ˈɹɪs(t)ˌbænd/ n
mankiet
the cuff of a sleeve that wraps around the wrist

writ /ɹɪt/ n
nakaz sądowy
a written order
pismo
that which is written

write /ɹaɪt/ v
pisać napisać pisywać
to form letters, etc.

write down v
zapisać zapisywać
to set something down in writing

writer /ˈɹaɪ.tə/ /ˈɹaɪ.təɹ/ n
pisarz pisarka
person who writes; an author

writhe /ɹaɪð/ v
wić się
to twist or contort the body

writing /ˈɹaɪtɪŋ/ n
napis
something written
pismo
written letters or symbols

writing as separate words n
pisownia rozdzielna
writing an expression with spaces

written /ˈɹɪtn̩/ adj
napisany pisany
of, relating or characteristic of writing

wrong /ɹɒŋ/ /ɹɔŋ/ adj
niewłaściwy
improper
błędny mylny zły
incorrect

wrong number n
pomyłka
A call with a mistake in the number dialled

wrongdoer n
złoczyńca
someone who does wrong

wrongly /ˈɹɒŋli/ /ˈɹɔŋli/ adv
błędnie
incorrectly; by error

wroth /ɹɒθ/ /ɹɔθ/ adj
gniewny
full of anger

wrought iron n
kute żelazo
form of iron that is not cast

wudu n
abdest
ritual washing before contact prayer

wunderkind /ˈvʊn.də.kɪnd/ /ˈvʊn.dɚ.kɪnt/ n
dziecko szczęścia
highly talented individual who is successful at a young age

wuss /wʊs/ n
cienias mięczak
weak, ineffectual person

wye /waɪ/ n
igrek
name of the letter Y, y

wyvern /ˈwaɪvə(ɹ)n/ n
wywerna
mythical dragon-like creature

xanthous /ˈzæn.θəs/ adj
żółtobrązowy
yellow-brown

xebec /ˈzibɛk/ /ˈziːbɛk/ n
szebeka
transport ship

xenial /ˈziːnɪəl/ adj
gościnny
hospitable

xenocide n
ksenocyd
genocide of entire alien species

xenon /zenɔn/ /zinən/ /zɪinɔn/ /ˈzinɑn/ /ˈziːnɒn/ n
ksenon
chemical element

xenophobe /ˈzinəfoʊb/ /ˈzɛnəfəʊb/ n
ksenofobem
hater of foreigners

xenophobia /zinəˈfoʊbiə/ /zɛnəˈfəʊbɪə/ n
ksenofobia
a pathological fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners

xerox /ˈziː(ə)ɹ.ɑks/ /ˈzɛ.ɹɒks/ v
kserować skserować
to make photocopies

xerox copy n
ksero kserokopia fotokopia
photocopy

xiphoid process /ˈzɪˌfɔɪd ˈpɹɑˌsɛs/ n
wyrostek mieczykowaty
cartilaginous extension

xor /ɛks ˈɔː(ɹ)/ n
albo
exclusive OR

xylographer n
drzeworytnik drzeworytniczka
person

xylophone /ˈzaɪ.lə.ˌfəʊn/ /ˈzaɪləˌfoʊn/ n
ksylofon
musical instrument

xylophonist n
ksylofonista ksylofonistka
xylophone player

xylose n
ksyloza
wood sugar

y'all /jɑl/ pronoun
wy panie państwo
plural of you

yacht /jɑt/ /jɒt/ n
jacht
slick and light ship
any private noncommercial vessel

yak /jæk/ n
jak
ox-like mammal

yakuza /jəˈkuːzə/ n
jakuza yakuza
Japanese organized crime gang
member of a Japanese organized crime gang

yam /jæm/ n
pochrzyn
any Dioscorea vine

yard /jɑɹd/ /jɑːd/ n
podwórze podwórko
land around a house
reja
nautical: tapered timber from which square sails hang
jard
three feet

yarligh n
jarłyk
khan's decree

yarmulke /ˈjɑ(ɹ)mə(l)kə/ /ˈjɑːməlkə/ n
jarmułka
skullcap worn by religious Jewish males

yarn /jɑɹn/ /jɑːn/ n
przędza włóczka
fiber strand for knitting or weaving
skrętka
nautical
opowieść
story

yarrow /ˈjæɹoʊ/ /ˈjæɹəʊ/ n
krwawnik
any of several pungent Eurasian and North American herbs, of the genus Achillea

yashmak n
czarczaf jaszmak kwef nikab
a veil worn by Muslim women

yawn /jɑn/ /jɔn/ /jɔːn/ n
ziewanie
the action of yawning

yawn /jɑn/ /jɔn/ /jɔːn/ v
ziewać ziewnąć
open the mouth and take a deep breath

yeah /ˈjɛ(ə)/ particle
tak no acha aha ta
yes

yeah, right /jɛə̯ ɹaɪt/ interjection
no na bank ta jasne tak jasne
sarcasm to express disbelief

yeanling n
jagnię owieczka
the newly born offspring of a goat or sheep

year /jɜː/ /jɪə/ /jɪɹ/ n
rok lata
time it takes for the Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun
a period between set dates that mark a year
time it takes for any planetary body to make one revolution around another body
a Julian year
a scheduled part of a calendar year spent in a specific activity

yearly n
rocznik
something that is published once a year

yearning n
tęsknota
wistful or melancholy longing

yeasayer /ˈjeɪ.ˌseɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈjeɪ.ˌseɪ.ɚ/ n
klakier leming przytakiwacz
who habitually agrees uncritically

yeast /iːst/ /jiːst/ n
drożdże
froth used in medicine, baking and brewing
fungus
cake or dried granules used to make bread dough rise

yegg n
kasiarz
a person who breaks open safes; a burglar

yellow /ˈjælə/ /ˈjɛl.oʊ/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ/ /ˈjɛl.ɚ/ adj
żółty
having yellow as its colour
tchórzliwy
lacking courage

yellow /ˈjælə/ /ˈjɛl.oʊ/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ/ /ˈjɛl.ɚ/ n
żółty żółć
colour

yellow /ˈjælə/ /ˈjɛl.oʊ/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ/ /ˈjɛl.ɚ/ v
żółknąć
to become yellow or more yellow
żółcić
to cause to become yellow or more yellow

yellow card /ˈjɛl.oʊ ˌkɑɹd/ /ˈjɛl.əʊ ˌkɑːd/ n
żółta kartka
card in sports

yellow fever n
żółta febra
illness

yellow jersey n
żółta koszulka
shirt worn by the leader in the Tour de France

yellow pages n
żółte strony
telephone directory that lists commercial organisations

yellow tit n
sikora zóltogardla
Machlolophus holsti

yellow-bellied tit n
sikora żółtobrzucha
Pardaliparus venustulus

yellow-billed loon n
nur białodzioby
Gavia adamsii

yellow-legged gull n
mewa romańska
Larus michahellis

yellowhammer n
trznadel
a passerine bird, Emberiza citrinella

yellowish /ˈjelɔʊɪʃ/ /ˈjeləʊɪʃ/ adj
żółtawy
somewhat yellow

yelp /jɛlp/ n
pisk
an abrupt, high-pitched noise or utterance

yelp /jɛlp/ v
piszczeć
to utter an abrupt, high-pitched noise

yen /jɛn/ n
jen
unit of Japanese currency

yep /jɛp/ n
no ta
informal "yes"

yes /jɛs/ interjection
tak

yes /jɛs/ particle
tak no ano ja jo juści
word used to indicate agreement or acceptance
owszem ależ tak
word used to indicate disagreement or dissent in reply to a negative statement

yes man n
potakiwacz
a person who always agrees with his employer or superior

yes-no particle
czy
particle used to form yes-no questions

yeshiva /jəˈʃiː.və/ n
jesziba jesziwa jeszybot
academy for the advanced study of Jewish texts

yesterday /ˈjɛstədeɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɪstɚdeɪ/ adv
wczoraj
on the day before today

yesterday /ˈjɛstədeɪ/ /ˈjɛstɚdeɪ/ /ˈjɪstɚdeɪ/ n
wczoraj
day before today

yet /jɛt/ adv
jeszcze
thus far
continuously up to this point in time
in addition

yet /jɛt/ conjunction
jednak jak jakże jakżem
nevertheless; however

yeti /ˈjɛ.ti/ n
yeti
unidentified animal

yew /juː/ adj
cisowy
made from the wood of the yew tree

yew /juː/ n
cis
Taxus baccata
tree or shrub of the genus Taxus
wood of the yew

yield /jiːld/ n
plon produkcja wydajność
quantity of something produced

yield /jiːld/ v
ustąpić ustępować
to give way
dawać
to produce as a result

yielding /ˈjiːldɪŋ/ adj
ustępliwy
docile

yo-yo /ˈjoʊ.joʊ/ /ˈjəʊ.jəʊ/ n
jo-jo jojo
toy

yodel /ˈjoʊ.dəl/ /ˈjəʊ.dəl/ n
jodłowanie
song

yodel /ˈjoʊ.dəl/ /ˈjəʊ.dəl/ v
jodłować
to sing in such a way that the voice fluctuates rapidly between the normal chest voice and falsetto

yogi /ˈjoʊɡi/ /ˈjəʊɡi/ n
jogin joginka
yoga practitioner

yogism n
jogizm
the practice of yoga

yogurt /ˈjoʊɡɚt/ /ˈjɒɡət/ /ˈjəʉɡət/ n
jogurt
a milk-based product thickened by a bacterium-aided curdling process

yoke /jəʊk/ n
jarzmo
wooden bar

yolk /joʊk/ /jəʊk/ n
żółtko
yellow of egg

yoni /ˈjəʊni/ n
joni

you /ju/ /jʉː/ determiner
ty wy
the individual or group spoken/written to
used before epithets for emphasis

you /ju/ /jʉː/ pronoun
was Państwa
object pronoun: the group being addressed
ciebie Pan Pani
object pronoun: the person being addressed
wy
subject pronoun: the group being addressed
ty Pan Pani Państwo
subject pronoun: the person being addressed

you are what you eat proverb
jesteś tym, co jesz
proverb

you can't make a silk purse of a sow's ear proverb
i w Paryżu nie zrobią z owsa ryżu
it is not possible to produce something refined from something which is unrefined

you don't say interjection
co ty nie powiesz
(idiomatic) really? ; no kidding! ; Is that so?

you know interjection
cóż nie no rozumie pan rozumiesz widzi pan
expression signifying a pause or hesitation

you know what phraseologicalUnit
wiesz co
used to get attention

you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours proverb
przysługa za przysługę ręka rękę myje
if you do me a favor then I will do you a favor

you're right phraseologicalUnit
ma pan macie rację masz rację pani rację
you're right

you're welcome phraseologicalUnit
nie ma za co proszę proszę bardzo spoczko spoko sponio
reply to thanks

you've got to crack a few eggs to make an omelette proverb
gdzie drwa rąbią, tam wióry lecą nie można mieć ciastka i zjeść ciastko
phrase

you-know-who pronoun
wiesz kto wiesz o kim mówię
known and unmentioned person

young /jʌŋ/ adj
młodzieńczy młody
belonging in the early part of life
młody
in the early part of life or growth
as if young
having little experience

young /jʌŋ/ n
młodzież młody
people who are young

younger /ˈjʌŋɡə/ /ˈjʌŋɡɚ/ adj
młodszy
in an earlier period of life

your /jɔː/ /jɔːɹ/ determiner
wasz państwa
belonging to you (plural; more owners)
twój pana pani pański
belonging to you (singular; one owner)

your mileage may vary /jə ˈmaɪlədʒ meɪ ˈvɛəɹi/ /jɚ ˈmaɪlədʒ meɪ ˈvɛəɹi/ phraseologicalUnit
to tylko moje zdanie
this is just my opinion

your mom interjection
twoja stara
a general-purpose insult

your mother interjection
twoja stara
insult

your wish is my command phraseologicalUnit
twoje życzenie jest dla mnie rozkazem
what you wish for I will effect as if it were a command

yours sincerely adj
z poważaniem
a polite formula to end letters

yourself /jɔːˈsɛlf/ /jəˈsɛlf/ /jɚˈsɛlf/ /jʊɹˈsɛlf/ pronoun
się siebie
(reflexive) your own self
sam sama
you, used emphatically

youth /juːθ/ /juθ/ n
młodość młodzież
quality or state of being young
part of life following childhood
chłopak młodzieniec
young man
młody człowiek
young person
młodzież
young persons, collectively

youth hostel n
schronisko młodzieżowe
an inexpensive supervised lodging place, primarily for young people

ytterbium /ɪˈtɜː.bi.əm/ /ɪˈtɝ.bi.əm/ n
iterb
chemical element

yttrium /ˈɪ.tɹi.əm/ n
itr
chemical element

yuan /jʊˈɑːn/ /ˌjuˈɑn/ n
juan
basic unit of money in China

yuck /jʌk/ interjection
fuj
uttered to indicate disgust

yum /jʌm/ adj
mniam mniam-mniam
indication of delight

yummy /ˈjʌm.i/ adj
pyszny
delicious

yup /jʌp/ interjection
no
(informal) yes

yuppie /ˈjʌpi/ /ˈjʌpɪ/ n
japiszon yuppi yuppie
young upwardly mobile urban professional person

yurt /jɜːt/ /jɝːt/ n
jurta
large, round tent with vertical walls and conical roof

yus n
jus
name of the old Cyrillic letter

zabaglione /ˌzæbəˈljəʊnɪ/ /ˌzɑbəlˈjoʊni/ n
zabaglione zabaione zabajone
custard-like dessert made with egg yolks, sugar and Marsala wine

zander n
sandacz
Sander lucioperca
fish of the genus Sander

zany /ˈzeɪni/ adj
śmieszny
ludicrously or incongruously comical

zawiya /ˈzɑːwɪə/ n
zawija
Muslim religious school or community

zeal /ziːl/ n
zapał gorliwość
fervor or devotion

zealous /ˈzɛl.əs/ adj
zagorzały żarliwy zapamiętały
full of zeal; ardent

zealously adv
entuzjastycznie gorliwie
with zealotry

zebra /ˈziːbɹə/ /ˈzɛbɹə/ n
zebra
African animal

zebra finch n
amadyna zebrowata zeberka zeberka timorska
bird

zedoary /ˈzɛdəʊəɹi/ n
cytwar
Curcuma zedoaria

zee /ˈziː/ n
zet
name of the letter Z, z

zenith /ˈzi.nɪθ/ /ˈzɛn.ɪθ/ n
zenit apogeum
astronomy: point vertically above a position or observer

zephyr /zɛfə(ɹ)/ /zɛfɚ/ n
zefir
light refreshing wind; a gentle breeze

zero /ˈzɪəɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ adj
zerowy
linguistics: present at an abstract level but not realized in the data

zero /ˈzɪəɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ n
zero
point of origin on a scale
nothing, or none
person of little importance
numeric symbol of zero
digit zero
identity element of a monoid
zero value of a magnitude
miejsce zerowe zero
value of a function’s independent variables when the value of the function is zero

zero /ˈzɪəɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ numeral
zero
cardinal number before 1, denoting nothing

zero /ˈzɪəɹəʊ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊ/ v
wyzerować zerować
to set to zero

zero-hour contract n
umowa śmieciowa śmieciówka
contract

zeroth /ˈzɪəɹəʊθ/ /ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊθ/ adj
zerowy
ordinal number corresponding to zero

zeugma /ˈzjuːɡ.mə/ n
zeugma
using a word to apply to more than one noun

zidovudine n
zydowudyna
antiviral

ziggurat /ˈzɪɡʊˌɹæt/ n
ziggurat
temple tower of the ancient Mesopotamian valley

zigzag /ˈzɪɡ.zæɡ/ n
zygzak
line or path

zinc /zɪŋk/ n
cynk
element

zinc /zɪŋk/ v
cynkować

zinc oxide n
tlenek cynku
amorphous solid

zincite n
cynkit
mineral

zip fastener n
suwak zamek błyskawiczny zamek
a fastener used in clothing, bags

zirconia n
cyrkonia
oxide of zirconium

zirconium /zɜːɹˈkoʊniəm/ n
cyrkon
chemical element

zither /ˈzɪ.ðə/ /ˈzɪ.ðɚ/ n
cytra
musical instrument

zitherist n
cytrzysta cytrzystka
Someone who plays the zither

zloty /zlɑti/ /zlɒti/ n
złoty zł złotówka
the currency unit of Poland

zodiac /ˈzoʊ.dɪ.æk/ /ˈzəʊ.dɪ.æk/ n
zodiak zwierzyniec niebieski
twelve signs in astrology
belt-like region in the sky

zombie /ˈzɑmbi/ /ˈzɒmbi/ n
zombi zombiak
the undead

zoo /zuː/ n
zoo ogród zoologiczny
park where live animals are exhibited

zoogeographic adj
zoogeograficzny
pertaining to zoogeography

zoogeography n
zoogeografia
the scientific study of the geographical distribution of animal species

zoological /zoʊəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/ /zuəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/ /zəʊəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/ adj
zoologiczny
of, or relating to animals
of, or relating to zoology

zoological garden n
ogród zoologiczny zoo
zoo (stilted or formal)

zoologist /zoʊˈɑlədʒɪst/ /zuˈɑlədʒɪst/ /zuːˈɒlədʒɪst/ /zəʊˈɒlədʒɪst/ n
zoolog
one who studies zoology

zoology /zoʊˈɑlədʒi/ /zəʊˈɒlədʒi/ n
zoologia
science that studies the animal kingdom

zoomorphism n
zoomorfizm
the representation of gods as animals or the attributing of animal characteristics to gods
the use of animal figures in art and design or of animal symbols in literature
the viewing of human behavior in terms of the behavior of animals

zoonosis /zoʊˈɒn.ə.sɪs/ /zəʊˈɒn.ə.sɪs/ n
zoonoza
An animal disease that can be transmitted to humans

zoonym n
zoonim
common name for an animal

zoopathology /ˌzəʊəpəˈθɒlədʒi/ n
zoopatologia
animal pathology

zoophilia /ˈzoʊ.əfiliə/ /ˈzəʊ.əfɪliə/ n
zoofilia sodomia
sexual attraction to or interaction with animals

zoophyte /ˈzəʊəfaɪt/ n
zwierzokrzew
invertebrate animal which resembles plants

zooplankton /ˈzoʊəˌplæŋktən/ n
zooplankton
free-floating small protozoa or crustaceans

zoosporangium n
zoosporangium
a sporangium, or conceptacle containing or producing zoospores

zoospore n
pływka zoospora
motile asexual spore of some algae and fungi

zope n
rozpiór siniec
fish

zubron /ˈʒuːbɹɔːn/ n
żubroń
hybrid of the wisent and domestic cattle

zubrowka /ˈzubɹəvkə/ n
żubrówka
Polish liqueur of vodka and herbs

zucchetto /(t)sʊˈkɛtoʊ/ /tsʊˈkɛtəʊ/ n
piuska
small skullcap worn by Catholic clergy

zurna n
surma
musical instrument

zwitterion /ˈtsvɪtəɹ.aɪən/ n
jon obojnaczy zwitterjon
molecule that carries both a positive and a negative charge

zygote /ˈzaɪɡoʊt/ /ˈzaɪɡəʊt/ n
zygota
fertilized egg cell

Ålesund /ˈɔːləsʊn/ pn
Ålesund
Norwegian municipality in Møre og Romsdal

Ústí nad Labem pn
Uście nad Łabą
city in the Czech republic

České Budějovice pn
Czeskie Budziejowice
city in the Czech republic

Świętochłowice pn
Świętochłowice
city in Poland

Żywiec pn
Żywiec
city in Poland