# translation

lexentry: eng/Goldilocks__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Goldilocks
trans_list: Златовла́ска
sense:
The protagonist of a traditional fairy tale. She is a golden-haired young girl who inquisitively enters the house of three bears and tries their three bowls of porridge, three chairs, and three beds, in each case finding only one that suits her.


lexentry: eng/Goliard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Goliard
trans_list: вагант
sense:
(historical) A wandering student of the 12th or 13th century, whose convivial lifestyle included minstrelsy and a typical satyric Latin poetry.


lexentry: eng/Gollum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gollum
trans_list: Голлум | Горлум
sense:
A person who bears the traits or has the characteristics of Gollum in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth.


lexentry: eng/Gomez's_Hamburger__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gomez's Hamburger
trans_list: Га́мбургер Го́меса
sense:
(astronomy) A young A0III-type star with an apparent magnitude of +14.4 in the constellation Sagittarius at a distance of 250 ±50 parsecs from Earth.


lexentry: eng/Gomorrah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gomorrah
trans_list: Гомо́рра | Гоморра
sense:
(Biblical) A city in the Middle East which, according to the Hebrew Bible and to Islamic tradition, was destroyed by God (along with Sodom) for the sins of its inhabitants.


lexentry: eng/Gondwana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Gondwana
trans_list: Гондва́на
sense:
(geology) A southern supercontinent, formed before Pangaea between 600 and 530 million years ago, that included most of the landmasses which make up today's continents of the Southern Hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/Good_Friday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Good Friday
trans_list: Страстна́я пя́тница | Вели́кая пя́тница
sense:
(Christianity) The Friday before Easter Sunday, the commemoration of the day on which Christ was crucified.


lexentry: eng/Good_King_Henry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Good King Henry
trans_list: марь цельноли́стная
sense:
A goosefoot of species Blitum bonus-henricus (syn. Chenopodium bonus-henricus), native to Britain and much of Europe, cultivated as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/Google__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Google
trans_list: Гугл | Гугль
sense:
(computing, trademark) Google Search, a search engine operated by the company of the same name; the most popular search engine and most-visited website worldwide.


lexentry: eng/Gordias__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gordias
trans_list: Горде́й
sense:
(Greek mythology) The name of at least two members of the royal house of Phrygia, the best-known of which was reputedly the founder of the Phrygian capital city Gordium, the maker of the legendary Gordian knot, and the father of the legendary king Midas.


lexentry: eng/Goth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Goth
trans_list: гот
sense:
A member of the East Germanic people known for their invasion of the western Roman Empire and subsequent founding of successor states in Italy and Spain during Late Antiquity.


lexentry: eng/Gothenburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gothenburg
trans_list: Гётебо́рг | Гётеборг
sense:
A city on the west coast of Sweden, in the province of Västergötland. It is the second-largest city in Sweden.


lexentry: eng/Gothic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Gothic
trans_list: готи́ческий
sense:
(architecture) Of or relating to the architectural style favored in Western Europe in the 12th to 16th centuries, with high-pointed arches, clustered columns, etc. [from 1640s]


lexentry: eng/Gothic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Gothic
trans_list: го́тский | готи́ческий | готический
sense:
(literature) Of or relating to the style of fictional writing associated with Gothic fiction, emphasizing violent or macabre events in a mysterious, desolate setting. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Gothic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Gothic
trans_list: готи́ческий
sense:
(typography, USA) Of a sans serif typeface using straight, even-width lines, also known as grotesque or lineal.


lexentry: eng/Gotland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Gotland
trans_list: Го́тланд | Готланд
sense:
A municipality and county on the island of Gotland, Sweden; the only municipality there, so it, the county and island all have the same area.


lexentry: eng/Grafovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grafovka
sense:
A settlement, the administrative centre of the rural settlement of the same name in Krasnaya Yaruga Raion, Belgorod Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia.

trans_list:
[[графовский|Гра́фовское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]] | [[графовский|Графо́вское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]] | Гра́фовка


lexentry: eng/Grafovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Grafovka
trans_list: [[графовский|Графо́вское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]] | Графовка
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of the rural settlement of the same name in Shebekino Raion, Belgorod Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Grafovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Grafovka
trans_list: Гра́фовка
sense:
Former name of Oktyabrskoye: a village in Vlazovichi rural settlement, Surazh Raion, Bryansk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia; used prior to 1927.


lexentry: eng/Gran_Chaco__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gran Chaco
trans_list: Вели́кий Ча́ко | Гран-Ча́ко | Ча́ко
sense:
A sparsely populated, hot and semiarid lowland natural region of the Río de la Plata basin, divided among eastern Bolivia, western Paraguay, northern Argentina, and a portion of the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul.


lexentry: eng/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grand Duchy of Finland
trans_list: Великое княжество Финляндское
sense:
(historical) A former duchy in Northern Europe from 1809 to 1917, encompassing the territories of modern-day Finland and Russia.


lexentry: eng/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grand Duchy of Lithuania
trans_list: Вели́кое кня́жество Лито́вское
sense:
(historical) A former duchy in Eastern Europe from the 13th century until 1795, encompassing at its maximum the territory of modern-day Lithuania and Belarus, a large part of Ukraine, and small parts of Russia and Poland.


lexentry: eng/Grand_Est__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grand Est
trans_list: Гранд-Эст
sense:
An administrative region in northeastern France, created in 2016 by the fusion of Alsace, Lorraine and Champagne-Ardenne.


lexentry: eng/Grandmaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grandmaster
trans_list: гроссме́йстер
sense:
(chess) A player of the highest rank, as determined by FIDE, with an Elo rating of at least 2500. [From 1950.]


lexentry: eng/Granicus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Granicus
trans_list: Гра́ник
sense:
A river in northwestern Anatolia, where Alexander the Great defeated the forces of the Persian Empire under Darius III


lexentry: eng/Graz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Graz
trans_list: Грац
sense:
The capital of and largest city in the state of Styria, Austria, and the second-largest city in the country.


lexentry: eng/Great_Bear__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Bear
trans_list: Больша́я Медве́дица
sense:
(constellation) A bright circumpolar asterism of the northern sky, said to resemble a large bear. It is part of the constellation Ursa Major and includes the stars Mizar, Dubhe, and Alkaid.


lexentry: eng/Great_Britain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Britain
trans_list: Великобрита́ния | Великобритания
sense:
A large island (sometimes also including some of the surrounding smaller islands) off the north-west coast of Western Europe, made up of England, Scotland, and Wales.


lexentry: eng/Great_Britain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Great Britain
trans_list: Великобрита́ния | Великобритания
sense:
(loosely) The United Kingdom, a kingdom and country in Northern Europe including the island of Great Britain as well as Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland.


lexentry: eng/Great_Depression__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Depression
trans_list: Вели́кая депре́ссия
sense:
(economics, business, finance, historical) A major economic collapse characterized by mass unemployment and limited business activity that lasted from 1929 to 1940 in the US and a similar period in many other countries.


lexentry: eng/Great_Feasts__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Feasts
trans_list: двунадеся́тые пра́здники
sense:
(Eastern Orthodox) Twelve feasts of the Eastern Orthodox Church, of which three are movable and nine are fixed.


lexentry: eng/Great_Game__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Game
trans_list: Больша́я игра́
sense:
(historical) The strategic rivalry and conflict between the British Empire and the Russian Empire for supremacy in Central Asia, mainly during the 19th century.


lexentry: eng/Great_Hours__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Hours
trans_list: ца́рские часы́
sense:
A particularly solemn celebration in the Eastern Orthodox Church, occurring thrice a year: on the Eve of the Nativity, the Eve of Theophany, and Great Friday.


lexentry: eng/Great_Lakes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Lakes
trans_list: Вели́кие озёра | Великие озёра
sense:
A group of five lakes on the United States–Canada border, consisting of Lake Superior, Lake Michigan and Lake Huron (Lake Michigan–Huron), Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.


lexentry: eng/Great_Leap_Forward__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Leap Forward
trans_list: Большо́й скачо́к
sense:
(historical) A vast economic and social plan lasting from 1958 to 1961 which aimed to use the Chinese population to rapidly transform the Communist China from a primarily agrarian economy by peasant farmers into a modern communist society through agriculturalization and industrialization, but failed disastrously (resulting in massive famine and the deaths of many millions of people).


lexentry: eng/Great_Patriotic_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Patriotic War
trans_list: ВОВ | Вели́кая Оте́чественная война́
sense:
(historical, in Soviet or Russian contexts) The German-Soviet war (a portion of World War II fought between the USSR and Nazi Germany between 1941 and 1945).


lexentry: eng/Great_Plains__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Plains
trans_list: Вели́кие равни́ны
sense:
The relatively flat region of United States and Canada consisting of grasslands east of the Rocky Mountains and west of the Mississippi, from Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba in the north, to Texas in the south.


lexentry: eng/Great_Purge__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Purge
trans_list: Большой террор | ежовщина
sense:
(Soviet Union, historical) A campaign of extensive political purge and repression from 1936 to 1938, led by Joseph Stalin and executed by the NKVD to purge his political opponents.


lexentry: eng/Great_Pyramid_of_Giza__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Pyramid of Giza
trans_list: пирами́да Хео́пса | пирами́да Ху́фу
sense:
The largest and most famous of the Egyptian pyramids, and the only remaining member of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.


lexentry: eng/Great_Russia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Russia
trans_list: Вели́кая Ро́ссия | Вели́кая Росси́я | Вели́кая Русь | Великоро́ссия
sense:
(historical, obsolete) The territories of "Russia proper", the land that formed the core of Muscovy and, later, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Great_Russian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Great Russian
trans_list: великоросси́йский | великору́сский
sense:
(historical) Of or pertaining to Great Russians, the language of Great Russia, as opposed to Little Russia, White Russia, etc.


lexentry: eng/Great_Russian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Russian
trans_list: [[великору́сский]] [[язы́к]] | [[росси́йский]] [[язы́к]] | великору́сский | росси́йский
sense:
(obsolete) The Russian language, especially when (possibly erroneously) considered to be mutually intelligible with the Ukrainian (Little Russian) and Belarusian (White Russian) languages.


lexentry: eng/Great_Satan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Satan
trans_list: Великий Сатан
sense:
(pejorative, mostly used by Muslims, especially in Iran) The United States of America, particularly with regard to its perceived imperialist foreign policy.


lexentry: eng/Great_Schism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Schism
trans_list: разделе́ние церкве́й
sense:
(Christianity, historical) The split between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church in 1054.


lexentry: eng/Great_Wall_of_China__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Great Wall of China
trans_list: Вели́кая Кита́йская стена́
sense:
An ancient Chinese fortification, almost 4,000 miles long, originally designed to protect China from the Mongols.


lexentry: eng/Greater_Armenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greater Armenia
trans_list: Вели́кая Арме́ния
sense:
(historical) Ancient Armenian kingdom in the Armenian Highlands, stretching from Euphrates to Kura river, Caspian Sea and lake Urmia, and existing from 190 B.C.E. to 428 C.E. Traditionally divided into 15 provinces: Aghdznik, Artsakh, Ayrarat, Corduene, Gugark, Moxoene, Parskahayk, Paytakaran, Sophene, Syunik, Tayk, Turuberan, Upper Armenia, Utik, Vaspurakan.


lexentry: eng/Greater_Caucasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greater Caucasus
trans_list: Большо́й Кавка́з
sense:
the major mountain range of the Caucasus Mountains, which stretches for about 1,200 kilometres from west-northwest to east-southeast, between the Taman Peninsula of the Black Sea to the Absheron Peninsula of the Caspian Sea.


lexentry: eng/Greater_London__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greater London
trans_list: Большо́й Ло́ндон
sense:
An administrative region of England, combining the City of London and 32 London boroughs, including the City of Westminster, 3 Royal Boroughs and 28 London Boroughs.


lexentry: eng/Greater_London__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Greater London
trans_list: Большо́й Ло́ндон
sense:
A ceremonial county of England, combining all of the administrative region except the City of London, which is its own ceremonial county.


lexentry: eng/Greater_Manchester__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greater Manchester
trans_list: большой Манчестер
sense:
A metropolitan county in northwest England comprising the cities of Manchester and Salford, and the metropolitan boroughs of Bolton, Bury, Oldham, Rochdale, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford and Wigan. Greater Manchester borders Merseyside, Cheshire, Lancashire, West Yorkshire and Derbyshire


lexentry: eng/Greco-Roman__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Greco-Roman
trans_list: гре́ко-ри́мский
sense:
(wrestling) Describing Greco-Roman wrestling, a form of wrestling where fighters may only attack above the waist.


lexentry: eng/Greek_Orthodox_Church__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greek Orthodox Church
trans_list: Греческая Правосла́вная Це́рковь
sense:
A group of Eastern Orthodox churches comprising the churches of Constantinople, Antioch, Alexandria, Jerusalem, Cyprus and Greece.


lexentry: eng/Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greek
trans_list: гре́ческий | греческий
sense:
The language spoken by people of Greece, particularly, depending on context, Ancient Greek or Modern Greek.


lexentry: eng/Greek_fire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greek fire
trans_list: гре́ческий ого́нь
sense:
(historical) A highly flammable substance of unknown composition first used by the Greeks of Constantinople in the 7th century ce to set fire to enemy ships, buildings, etc.


lexentry: eng/Greek_salad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greek salad
trans_list: гре́ческий сала́т
sense:
A salad, popular in Greece, normally consisting of tomatoes, olives and feta cheese among other ingredients.


lexentry: eng/Greeklish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greeklish
trans_list: гре́клиш
sense:
A system for transliterating Greek into the Latin alphabet, either phonetically (for example, transliterating Νίκη as Niki) or orthographically (for example, transliterating Νίκη as Nikh).


lexentry: eng/Green_Zone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Green Zone
trans_list: зелёная зона
sense:
A district of Baghdad, Iraq: A fortified high-security district of Baghdad established by the United States occupation force in the wake of the U.S.-Iraq War invasion of 2003, which contains major international hotels, international organizations and forces headquarters, Iraqi national ministries and government offices, and VIP residences.


lexentry: eng/Greenwich__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Greenwich
trans_list: Гри́нвич
sense:
A town on the south bank of the River Thames in south-east Greater London, England, through which the prime meridian passes (OS grid ref TQ3877).


lexentry: eng/Gregorian_calendar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gregorian calendar
trans_list: григориа́нский календа́рь | григорианский календарь
sense:
The calendar currently used in the western world. It replaced the Julian calendar and was devised to halt the slow drift of the vernal equinox towards earlier in the year.


lexentry: eng/Grenadines__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grenadines
trans_list: Гренади́ны
sense:
A group of small islands in the Caribbean, divided between the larger islands of Grenada and Saint Vincent, in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.


lexentry: eng/Grim_Reaper__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grim Reaper
trans_list: Азраи́л | а́нгел сме́рти | костля́вая | смерть | стару́ха с косо́й
sense:
A personification of Death as an old man, or a skeleton, carrying a scythe, taking souls to the afterlife.


lexentry: eng/Groom_of_the_Stool__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Groom of the Stool
trans_list: камерге́р сту́ла
sense:
(Britain, monarchy, historical) Originally an official responsible for helping the English monarch use the toilet; later a senior official who was allowed access to the monarch's privy chamber and served as a personal secretary.


lexentry: eng/Groundhog_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Groundhog Day
trans_list: День сурка
sense:
An annual festival held in Canada and the USA on February 2 in which the arrival time of the spring season is predicted by whether or not a certain groundhog can see its shadow.


lexentry: eng/Grus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Grus
trans_list: Жура́вль
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a crane. It contains the star Alnair and lies south of the constellation Piscis Austrinus.


lexentry: eng/Gryffindor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gryffindor
trans_list: Гри́ффиндор | гриффиндорец
sense:
(sometimes used attributively) A person having traits associated with Gryffindor house from the Harry Potter series, including bravery, boldness, or an affinity for lions or the colours red and gold.


lexentry: eng/Guadeloupe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Guadeloupe
trans_list: Гваделу́па | Гваделупа
sense:
An archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, including the island of Guadeloupe.


lexentry: eng/Guam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guam
trans_list: Гуа́м | Гуам
sense:
An unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the Pacific Ocean. Official name: Territory of Guam.


lexentry: eng/Guangxi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guangxi
trans_list: Гуанси́
sense:
A Zhuang autonomous region of China. Official name: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Capital: Nanning.


lexentry: eng/Guangzhou__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guangzhou
trans_list: Гуанчжо́у | Канто́н
sense:
A major prefecture-level city and port, the capital and largest city of Guangdong, in southeastern China.


lexentry: eng/Guelph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guelph
trans_list: гве́льф
sense:
(historical, politics) In the politics of medieval Italian city states, any member of a faction that supported the Pope in a long struggle against the Ghibellines and the Holy Roman Emperor.


lexentry: eng/Gugark__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gugark
trans_list: Гуга́рк
sense:
(historical) One of 15 provinces of Greater Armenia located on its north, also called Gogarene, and now divided between northern Armenia, southern Georgia and northeastern Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Guillain-Barré_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guillain-Barré syndrome
trans_list: синдро́м Гийе́на-Барре́
sense:
(neurology, disease) Rapid-onset muscle weakness, often severe and sometimes fatal, resulting from impaired peripheral nervous system function, associated with various viral and other infections.


lexentry: eng/Guinea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guinea
trans_list: Гвине́я | Гвинея
sense:
(historical) The coastal region of West Africa between Morocco and the Congo, particularly the north shore of the Gulf of Guinea.


lexentry: eng/Guiscard__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guiscard
trans_list: Гвиска́р
sense:
the sobriquet of Robert de Hauteville, a Norman adventurer remembered for the conquest of southern Italy and Sicily, founder of the County of Sicily


lexentry: eng/Gulf_Stream__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gulf Stream
trans_list: Гольфстри́м
sense:
The warm ocean current issuing from the Gulf of Mexico, flowing northeastwards along the coast of North America to the Grand Banks where it breaks eastwards across the Atlantic Ocean and helps to maintain warm temperatures along the western coasts of the British Isles.


lexentry: eng/Gulf_of_Alaska__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gulf of Alaska
trans_list: Аля́скинский зали́в
sense:
An arm of the Pacific Ocean defined by the curve of the southern coast of Alaska, stretching from the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island in the west to the Alexander Archipelago in the east


lexentry: eng/Gulf_of_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Gulf of America
trans_list: Америка́нский зали́в
sense:
(This is a hot sense, kept provisionally) (neologism) Official (in the US) but internationally unrecognized name for the Gulf of Mexico.


lexentry: eng/Gulf_of_Finland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gulf of Finland
trans_list: Фи́нский зали́в | Финский залив
sense:
An arm of the Baltic Sea that separates the European countries of Estonia and Finland. On its eastern end, the Neva at the Russian city of St. Petersburg empties into it.


lexentry: eng/Gulf_of_Mexico__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gulf of Mexico
trans_list: Мексика́нский зали́в | Мексиканский залив
sense:
A gulf to the south of the United States, to the east and north of Mexico, and to the north of Cuba.


lexentry: eng/Gulf_of_Riga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gulf of Riga
trans_list: Рижский зали́в
sense:
The inland body of water that is part of the Baltic Sea in eastern Europe and is near Latvia and Estonia.


lexentry: eng/Gulf_of_Thailand__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gulf of Thailand
trans_list: Сиа́мский зали́в | Таила́ндский зали́в
sense:
An inland body of water in the Pacific Ocean that is southeast of Southeast Asia below the countries of Myanmar, Thailand, and Cambodia, and is close to the Malay Peninsula of Malaysia.


lexentry: eng/Gunpowder_Plot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gunpowder Plot
trans_list: Порохово́й За́говор
sense:
(British, historical) A failed conspiracy, in November 1605, to kill the Protestant king James I of England and VI of Scotland, and to blow up the House of Lords using gunpowder, annually commemorated on Guy Fawkes Day.


lexentry: eng/Gurbantünggüt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gurbantünggüt
trans_list: Дзосотын-Элисун
sense:
A desert that occupies a large part of the Junggar Basin in Northern Xinjiang autonomous region, China.


lexentry: eng/Guria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guria
trans_list: Гу́рия
sense:
A region of Georgia, in the western part of the country, bordered by the eastern end of the Black Sea with Ozurgeti as its regional capital.


lexentry: eng/Gurmukhi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gurmukhi
trans_list: гурму́кхи | гурмукхи́
sense:
An abugida script, or writing system, designed for writing the Punjabi language used primarily in Punjab, India


lexentry: eng/Guy_Fawkes_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guy Fawkes Day
trans_list: Ночь Га́я Фо́кса
sense:
(UK) November 5, a celebration in England since the 17th century commemorating the failure of the 1605 Gunpowder Plot.


lexentry: eng/Guy_Fawkes_Night__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guy Fawkes Night
trans_list: Ночь Га́я Фо́кса
sense:
(British) The revelry on Guy Fawkes Day (the 5th of November) in commemoration of the failure of the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, traditionally including the burning of effigies of the pope, Guy Fawkes, and/or the Devil.


lexentry: eng/Guyana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Guyana
trans_list: Гайа́на | Гайана
sense:
A country in South America. Official name: Co-operative Republic of Guyana. Capital and largest city: Georgetown.


lexentry: eng/Gwoyeu_Romatzyh__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gwoyeu Romatzyh
trans_list: гою́й ломацзы́
sense:
A transliteration system for Mandarin Chinese, characterized by its tonal spelling without diacritic marks.


lexentry: eng/Gypsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gypsy
trans_list: цыга́н | цыга́нка
sense:
(sometimes, offensive) A member of the Romani people, or one of the sub-groups (Roma, Sinti, Romanichal, etc).


lexentry: eng/Gyumri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gyumri
trans_list: Гюмри́
sense:
The second largest city in Armenia and the capital of the Shirak Province in the northwestern part of the country.


lexentry: eng/Gödel's_incompleteness_theorem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gödel's incompleteness theorem
trans_list: Теоремы Гёделя о неполноте
sense:
(logic, mathematics) Either of two theorems in mathematical logic that demonstrate the inherent limitations of every formal axiomatic system containing basic arithmetic.


lexentry: eng/Gülenist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Gülenist
trans_list: гюлени́ст
sense:
(Turkey, politics) A supporter of the social movement led by Turkish Islamic scholar and preacher Fethullah Gülen.


lexentry: eng/HSK__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: HSK
trans_list: HSK | Ханью́й Шуйпи́н Каоши́ | Эйч-Эс-Кэ́й | тест по кита́йскому языку́ как иностра́нному
sense:
(education) Initialism of w:Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi, standardized test of Standard Mandarin Chinese proficiency for non-native speakers.


lexentry: eng/HTTP_cookie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: HTTP cookie
trans_list: ку́ки
sense:
(Internet) A packet of information sent by a server to a World Wide Web browser and then returned by the browser each time it accesses that server, used to maintain state between otherwise stateless HTTP transactions, for example, to identify the user.


lexentry: eng/HVAC__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: HVAC
trans_list: ОВиК
sense:
(often, attributive) Initialism of w:heating, ventilation, and air conditioning: those actions; the trade that supplies the equipment for them; the equipment that does them.


lexentry: eng/Habakkuk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Habakkuk
trans_list: Аввакум | книга пророка Аввакума
sense:
(book of the bible) A prophetic book in the Old Testament of the Bible, one of the minor prophets; or the eighth part of the Tere Asar in the Jewish Tanakh.


lexentry: eng/Hadean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hadean
trans_list: азо́й | гаде́й | катархе́й | преархе́й | приско́й | хэ́дий
sense:
(geology) The Hadean eon; part of the Precambrian supereon, spanning from around 4.6 to 4 billion years ago.


lexentry: eng/Hades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hades
trans_list: Аи́д | Га́дес
sense:
(Greek god) The god of the underworld and ruler of the dead, son of Cronus and Rhea, brother of Zeus and Poseidon.


lexentry: eng/Haemimontus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Haemimontus
trans_list: Гемимонт
sense:
(historical) An ancient region and later former Roman province situated in the Balkans, mainly in what is now Bulgaria and Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Haemus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Haemus
trans_list: Гем
sense:
(Greek mythology) a king of Thrace, the son of Boreas, who was vain and haughty and compared himself and his wife to Zeus and Hera


lexentry: eng/Haida__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Haida
trans_list: ха́йда
sense:
A member of an indigenous people of the Northwest Coast of North America who live primarily in British Columbia and Alaska.


lexentry: eng/Haikou__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Haikou
trans_list: Хайко́у
sense:
The capital and most populous city of Hainan province, China; located on the north side of Hainan island.


lexentry: eng/Hail_Mary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hail Mary
trans_list: А́ве Мари́я
sense:
(Christianity) A prayer, of established or conventional wording, calling for the intercession of the Virgin Mary.


lexentry: eng/Haitian_Creole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Haitian Creole
trans_list: гаитя́нский | гаитя́нский крео́льский
sense:
A language spoken in Haiti; developed first as a creole based on French and several West African languages.


lexentry: eng/Hakka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hakka
trans_list: кэцзя́ | кэцзяхуа́ | ха́кка
sense:
A Chinese language mainly spoken in the south-eastern part of mainland China (Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Guangxi), Taiwan, Hong Kong, and by the Chinese minorities in Southeast Asia.


lexentry: eng/Halkomelem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Halkomelem
trans_list: халкоме́лем
sense:
A Central Salishan language spoken around the Lower Fraser River and on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, by the Katzie, Kwantlen, Kwikwetlem, Musqueam, Qayqayt, Tsawwassen, Tsleil-Waututh First Nations downriver, by the Aitchelitz, Skway, Skowkale, Soowahlie, Squiala, Tzeachten, and Yakweakwioose First Nations upriver, and by the Cowichan, Halalt, Lamalchi, Lyackson, Penelakut, Snuneymuxw, Snaw-naw-as, Stzꞌuminus, and Tsꞌuubaa-asatx on Vancouver Island.


lexentry: eng/Hall_effect__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hall effect
trans_list: Эффект Холла
sense:
(physics) the effect in which a conductor that carries an electric current perpendicular to an applied magnetic field develops a voltage gradient transverse to both current and field


lexentry: eng/Halligan_bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Halligan bar
trans_list: хулига́н
sense:
A firefighter's multipurpose tool for breaking down doors, etc., having a claw (or fork), a blade, and a tapered pick.


lexentry: eng/Halloween__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Halloween
trans_list: Халуви́н | Халуи́н | Хеллоуи́н | Хэллоуи́н
sense:
The eve of All Hallows' Day; October 31st; celebrated (mostly in English-speaking countries) by children going door-to-door in costume and soliciting candy with menaces.


lexentry: eng/Halych__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Halych
trans_list: Га́лич
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Halych urban hromada, Ivano-Frankivsk Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in CE 290.


lexentry: eng/Hamhung__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hamhung
trans_list: Хамху́н | Хамхы́н
sense:
The provincial capital of South Hamgyong Province, North Korea; the country's 2nd-largest city and 3rd-largest port.


lexentry: eng/Hamilton__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: Hamilton
trans_list: Га́мильтон | Ха́мильтон | Хэ́милтон
sense:
A city, the county seat of Marion County, Alabama; named for Alabama politician Cpt. Albert James Hamilton.


lexentry: eng/Hamilton__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: Hamilton
trans_list: Га́мильтон | Ха́мильтон | Хэ́милтон
sense:
A ghost town in Butte County, California; the former county seat of Butte County; named for the founder, a nephew of Alexander Hamilton.


lexentry: eng/Hamlet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hamlet
trans_list: Га́млет
sense:
The eponymous main character of William Shakespeare's play, whose father's ghost, murdered by Hamlet's uncle, exhorts him to seek revenge.


lexentry: eng/Hampshire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hampshire
trans_list: Гэмпшир
sense:
A maritime county in the south of England, United Kingdom bordered by Berkshire, Surrey, West Sussex, Dorset, Wiltshire, the English Channel and the Solent separating it from the Isle of Wight; the county town is Winchester.


lexentry: eng/Han__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Han
trans_list: [[дина́стия]] Хань | Хань
sense:
An imperial Chinese dynasty, ruling (with interruptions) from 206 BC to AD 220, marked by the expansion of the Yellow River's Huaxia culture to the recent conquests of the Qin and a flowering of economic, literary, and scientific development


lexentry: eng/Hangzhou__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hangzhou
trans_list: Ханчжо́у
sense:
A prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Zhejiang, in eastern China; a former imperial capital.


lexentry: eng/Hankou__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hankou
trans_list: Ханько́у
sense:
A former city and treaty port; since 1949 an area in the city of Wuhan, Hubei, China, split among the districts of Jiang'an, Jianghan and Qiaokou.


lexentry: eng/Hannibal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hannibal
trans_list: Аннибал | Ганниба́л
sense:
A en given name of mostly historical use. Most notably borne by the Carthaginian general Hannibal, son of Hamilcar.


lexentry: eng/Hanse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hanse
trans_list: Га́нза
sense:
(historical) A merchant guild, particularly the Fellowship of London Merchants (the "Old Hanse") given a monopoly on London's foreign trade by the Normans or its successor, the Company of Merchant Adventurers (the "New Hanse"), incorporated in 1497 and chartered under Henry VII and Elizabeth I.


lexentry: eng/Hanseatic_League__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hanseatic League
trans_list: Га́нза | Ганзе́йский сою́з
sense:
(historical) The commercial and military alliance of Low German merchant guilds and privileged market towns which dominated trade along the coasts of northern Europe from the mid-12th to mid-17th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Hansel_and_Gretel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hansel and Gretel
trans_list: Ге́нзель и Гре́тель
sense:
A German fairy tale, recorded by the Brothers Grimm and published in 1812, about the siblings named Hansel and Gretel who are threatened by a cannibalistic witch who lives in a house made of cake and bread.


lexentry: eng/Hanukkah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hanukkah
trans_list: Ха́нука | Ханука
sense:
(Judaism) An eight-day Jewish festival, starting on the 25th day of Kislev, which commemorates the rededication of the temple in Jerusalem after the victory of the Maccabees over the Greek Syrians.


lexentry: eng/Hanuman__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hanuman
trans_list: Ханума́н
sense:
A Hindu demi-god who was a devotee of Lord Rama. He was born to Anjana and Vayu, plays the role of a god’s servant in Ramayana, and is also known as the "monkey god". He represents loyalty to the Lord and Master.


lexentry: eng/Harbin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Harbin
trans_list: Харби́н
sense:
A prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Heilongjiang, in northeastern China.


lexentry: eng/Harlem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Harlem
trans_list: Га́рлем | Ха́рлем
sense:
A neighborhood in northern Manhattan, New York County, New York City, New York State, United States, currently known for its black population.


lexentry: eng/Harvard__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Harvard
trans_list: Га́рвард
sense:
A university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, named after John Harvard, American clergyman and philanthropist.


lexentry: eng/Harvard__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Harvard
trans_list: Га́рвард
sense:
A person who attends, attended, or is likely to attend Harvard; by extension, a person very successful academically.


lexentry: eng/Harvest_Festival__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Harvest Festival
trans_list: Обжинки
sense:
(UK) church festival celebrating the harvest, held at the end of September or the beginning of October


lexentry: eng/Harvey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: Harvey
trans_list: Харви
sense:
A local government area in this area of Western Australia, which includes the town; in full, the Shire of Harvey.


lexentry: eng/Harz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Harz
trans_list: Гарц | Харц
sense:
A mountain range in central Germany; its rugged terrain extends across parts of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia.


lexentry: eng/Hashemite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hashemite
trans_list: хашими́т | хашими́тка
sense:
One who lays claim to being a direct descendant of Hashim, the great grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.


lexentry: eng/Hassaniya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hassaniya
trans_list: хасания
sense:
A group of Arabic dialects spoken primarily in Mauritania, a portion of southern Morocco, and Western Sahara.


lexentry: eng/Haumea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Haumea
trans_list: Хауме́а
sense:
A dwarf planet with two known moons orbiting in the Kuiper belt, roughly one-third the mass of Pluto.


lexentry: eng/Hausdorff_dimension__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hausdorff dimension
trans_list: разме́рность Хаусдорфа
sense:
(analysis) A type of fractal dimension, a real-valued measure of a geometric object that assigns 1 to a line segment, 2 to a square and 3 to a cube. Formally, given a metric space X and a subset of X labeled S, the Hausdorff dimension of S is the infimum of all real-valued d for which the d-dimensional Hausdorff content of S is zero.


lexentry: eng/Hauts-de-France__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hauts-de-France
trans_list: О-де-Франс
sense:
An administrative region of France, created in 2016 by the merger of Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardy.


lexentry: eng/Hawaii__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Hawaii
trans_list: Гава́йи | Гава́йские острова́ | Гавайи
sense:
(specifically) An island of Hawaii archipelago, Pacific Ocean, of Hawaii County, State of Hawaii, United States. The largest of the Hawaiian Islands.


lexentry: eng/Hawaiian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hawaiian
trans_list: гава́ец | гава́йка
sense:
(countable, nonstandard, proscribed) A native or resident of the state of Hawaii in the United States of America.


lexentry: eng/Hayasa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hayasa
trans_list: Хайаса
sense:
An ancient Bronze Age kingdom mentioned in Hittite inscriptions of 16–13th centuries BC, located in northern Anatolia.


lexentry: eng/Hazaragi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hazaragi
trans_list: хазара
sense:
A Persian dialect spoken in and around the Hazarajat region of Afghanistan; The Persian characteristic of the Hazaras.


lexentry: eng/Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heard Island and McDonald Islands
trans_list: О́стров Херд и Острова́ Макдо́налд
sense:
A volcanic group of uninhabited Antarctic islands, an external territory of Australia lying between Madagascar and Antarctica.


lexentry: eng/Hebe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hebe
trans_list: Ге́ба
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess of youth, and a daughter of Zeus and Hera. Her Roman counterpart is Juventas.


lexentry: eng/Hebrew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hebrew
trans_list: евре́й | евре́йка
sense:
(countable) A member or descendant of a Semitic people claiming descent from Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.


lexentry: eng/Hecate__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hecate
trans_list: Гека́та | Геката
sense:
(Greek mythology) A powerful goddess of magic, crossroads, fire, light, the moon, and the underworld. Her Roman counterpart is Trivia.


lexentry: eng/Hegelian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hegelian
trans_list: гегелья́нский
sense:
(philosophy) Of or pertaining to the philosophical system of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831).


lexentry: eng/Hegelianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hegelianism
trans_list: гегельянство
sense:
The system of logic and philosophy set forth by G. W. F. Hegel, which can be summed up by the dictum that "the rational alone is real", i.e. all reality is capable of being expressed in rational categories.


lexentry: eng/Heidelberg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heidelberg
trans_list: Ге́йдельберг | Ха́йдельберг
sense:
A city and urban district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany; the administrative seat of Rhein-Neckar-Kreis district, Baden-Württemberg.


lexentry: eng/Heidelberg_man__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heidelberg man
trans_list: гейдельбе́ргский челове́к
sense:
Homo heidelbergensis: A long-extinct hominid, of the Old World, from which modern humans are derived.


lexentry: eng/Heihe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heihe
trans_list: Хэйхэ́
sense:
A prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China, on the Russian border, across the Amur river from the Russian city of Blagoveshchensk.


lexentry: eng/Heisenberg_uncertainty_principle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heisenberg uncertainty principle
trans_list: при́нцип неопределённости Гейзенбе́рга
sense:
(physics, quantum mechanics) The principle that there is an absolute limit on the combined accuracy of certain pairs of simultaneous, related measurements, especially that of the position and momentum of a particle. Originally posited as a problem of measurement, it was soon refined as an inherent property of the universe.


lexentry: eng/Hejaz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hejaz
trans_list: Хиджа́з
sense:
A mountainous geographic area in northwest Saudi Arabia which gave rise to early Islam and which contains the sites of many holy places.


lexentry: eng/Hel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hel
trans_list: Хель
sense:
(religion, Norse mythology) The goddess of the realm of the unheroic dead, a daughter of Loki by the jotun Angrboða.


lexentry: eng/Helen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helen
trans_list: Еле́на | Елена
sense:
(Greek mythology) The daughter of Zeus and Leda, considered to be the most beautiful woman in the world; her abduction by Paris brought about the Trojan War.


lexentry: eng/Helenus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helenus
trans_list: Ге́лен | Елен
sense:
(Greek mythology) the son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba of Troy, the twin brother of the prophetess Cassandra.


lexentry: eng/Heliogabalus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heliogabalus
trans_list: Гелиогабал
sense:
Synonym of Elagabalus (“Roman emperor, noted for decadence, eccentricity, femininity, and disregard for Roman religious traditions and sexual taboos”).


lexentry: eng/Heliopolis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heliopolis
trans_list: Гелиополь
sense:
(historical) The ancient capital of the 13th nome of Lower Egypt, located in the northern suburbs of modern Cairo, Egypt.


lexentry: eng/Helios__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helios
trans_list: Ге́лиос | Гелиос
sense:
(Greek god) The god of the Sun; son of Hyperion and Theia, brother of Selene and Eos, father of Phaeton amongst others. His Roman counterpart is Sol.


lexentry: eng/Helle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helle
trans_list: Ге́лла
sense:
(Greek mythology) A daughter of king Athamas, who, together with her brother Phrixus, fled from their stepmother Ino to Colchis on a golden ram. On their way, she fell from its back and was drowned in the strait called, after her, Hellespont.


lexentry: eng/Hellenist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hellenist
trans_list: эллини́ст | эллини́стка
sense:
A specialist in the study of Greek language, literature, culture, or history, or an admirer of the Greek culture and civilization.


lexentry: eng/Hellenistic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hellenistic
trans_list: эллинисти́ческий
sense:
Of or relating to the period of the Greek culture, history, or art after the death of Alexander the Great (323 B.C.) to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony by Octavian (31 B.C.) – though this end-point is often debated, and can range from 146BC to 330AD [*].


lexentry: eng/Helmholtz_free_energy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helmholtz free energy
trans_list: свобо́дная эне́ргия Гельмго́льца
sense:
(physics, thermodynamics) A measure of the useful work obtainable from a constant temperature, constant volume thermodynamic system; more precisely, the difference between internal energy (of a system) and the product of its absolute temperature and entropy.


lexentry: eng/Helvétius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Helvétius
trans_list: Гельве́ций
sense:
A surname from French, notably borne by Claude Adrien Helvétius, a French philosopher and littérateur


lexentry: eng/Hemshin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hemshin
trans_list: амше́нец | хемши́л | хемши́н
sense:
(chiefly, _, collective, and, in the plural) A member of a subethnic unit of the Armenian people, which in the past or present has been affiliated with the Hemşin district in the province of Rize, Turkey


lexentry: eng/Hephaestus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hephaestus
trans_list: Гефе́ст | Гефест
sense:
(Greek god) The god of fire, smithwork, metallurgy, volcanoes, and artisans, who served as blacksmith of the gods. His Roman counterpart is Vulcan.


lexentry: eng/Hephthalite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hephthalite
trans_list: эфтали́т
sense:
(historical) Any of a people who comprised a nomadic confederation in Central Asia during the 5th–6th centuries CE.


lexentry: eng/Hera__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hera
trans_list: Ге́ра | Гера
sense:
(Greek god) The queen of the gods, and goddess of marriage and birth; daughter of Cronus and Rhea, sister and wife of Zeus, mother of Hephaestus, Ares, Hebe, and Enyo.


lexentry: eng/Heracles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Heracles
trans_list: Гера́кл | Геракл
sense:
(Greek mythology) : Son of Zeus and Alcmene, a celebrated hero who possessed exceptional strength. Most famous for his 12 labours performed to redeem himself after killing his family.


lexentry: eng/Herbart__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Herbart
trans_list: Ге́рбарт
sense:
A surname from German, notably borne by the German philosopher and educator Johann Friedrich Herbart.


lexentry: eng/Herculaneum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Herculaneum
trans_list: Геркула́нум
sense:
An ancient town in modern Campania, Italy, which was entirely destroyed by the same eruption of Vesuvius that also turned Pompeii into a ruin.


lexentry: eng/Hercules__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hercules
trans_list: Геркуле́с | Геркулес
sense:
(Roman mythology) The Roman name for the Greek divine hero Heracles, who was the son of Jupiter and Alcmene, a celebrated hero who possessed exceptional strength. Most famous for his 12 labours performed to redeem himself after killing his family.


lexentry: eng/Hercules__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hercules
trans_list: Геркулес
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble the mythical hero. It lies between the constellations Lyra and Corona Borealis.


lexentry: eng/Hercules_beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hercules beetle
trans_list: жук-геркуле́с
sense:
A type of rhinoceros beetle, Dynastes hercules known for its considerable strength and for being one of the longest insects in the world.


lexentry: eng/Hereford__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hereford
trans_list: Хе́рефорд
sense:
A city and civil parish (with a city council) in and the county town of Herefordshire, England (OS grid ref SO5140).


lexentry: eng/Hereford__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hereford
trans_list: Хе́рефорд
sense:
A city, the county seat of Deaf Smith County, Texas, United States, named for Hereford cattle raised there.


lexentry: eng/Herero__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Herero
trans_list: гереро
sense:
A member of a people belonging to the Bantu group, with about 240,000 members today mostly in Namibia, Angola, and Botswana.


lexentry: eng/Hermes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hermes
trans_list: Герме́с | Гермес
sense:
(Greek god) The herald and messenger of the gods, and the god of roads, commerce, invention, cunning, and theft.


lexentry: eng/Hermitian_matrix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hermitian matrix
trans_list: самосопряжённая ма́трица | эрми́това ма́трица
sense:
(linear algebra) A square matrix A with complex entries that is equal to its own conjugate transpose, i.e., such that A = A^\dagger.


lexentry: eng/Herod__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Herod
trans_list: И́род | Ирод
sense:
The name of any of a number of members of the Herodian dynasty who ruled in the Roman province of Judea, most notably Herod the Great, who ordered the Massacre of the Innocents, or Herod Antipas, his son, who met Jesus during his Passion.


lexentry: eng/Herostratus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Herostratus
trans_list: Геростра́т
sense:
an Ancient Greek arsonist who destroyed the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, in order to become famous


lexentry: eng/Hertzsprung-Russell_diagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
trans_list: диагра́мма Ге́рцшпрунга — Ра́ссела
sense:
(astronomy) A graphic representation of the absolute magnitude of stars against their color (or surface temperature), which shows the main sequence of stars plus the white dwarfs and red giants.


lexentry: eng/Herzeg-Bosnia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Herzeg-Bosnia
trans_list: Герцег-Босния
sense:
A short-lived, unrecognized political entity that existed during the Bosnian war, consisting of the Croat communities of Bosnia.


lexentry: eng/Hesiod__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hesiod
trans_list: Гесио́д
sense:
Ancient Greek poet and rhapsodist of the 8th century BCE, known as the first author of didactic verse.


lexentry: eng/Hesperia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hesperia
trans_list: Гесперия
sense:
Literally "western land", a term poetically applied by Ancient Greeks to Italy and by Romans to the Iberian Peninsula and Western Africa.


lexentry: eng/Hesperides__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hesperides
trans_list: Геспери́ды
sense:
(Greek mythology) A group of nymphs who tend a blissful garden filled with trees that grew golden apples in a far western corner of the world, located in Libya or the Atlas Mountains in North Africa at the edge of the encircling Oceanus; they are said to be the daughters of Hesperus.


lexentry: eng/Hierakonpolis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hierakonpolis
trans_list: Гиерако́нполь | Иерако́нполь
sense:
(historical) A city of ancient Egypt, the religious and political capital of Upper Egypt at the end of Prehistoric Egypt (c. 3200–3100 BC) and probably also during the Early Dynastic Period (c. 3100–2686 BC).


lexentry: eng/Hieroglyphic_Luwian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hieroglyphic Luwian
trans_list: иероглифи́ческий луви́йский
sense:
a variant of the Luwian language, recorded in official and royal seals and a small number of monumental inscriptions, written in a hieroglyphic script known as Anatolian hieroglyphs


lexentry: eng/Higgs_boson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Higgs boson
trans_list: бозо́н Хи́ггса | хи́ггсовский бозо́н
sense:
(particle) An elementary particle in the Standard Model, namely a boson with zero spin, that gives mass to other particles.


lexentry: eng/Highway_Code__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Highway Code
trans_list: правила дорожного движения
sense:
The official road safety manual for the United Kingdom, covering pedestrians, animals, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers.


lexentry: eng/Hijra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hijra
trans_list: ге́джра | хи́джра
sense:
The flight of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib (later Medina) in 622 ce, which forms the first year of the Islamic era (ah 1).


lexentry: eng/Hilbert_space__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hilbert space
trans_list: ги́льбертово простра́нство
sense:
(functional analysis) A generalized Euclidean space in which mathematical functions take the place of points; crucial to the understanding of quantum mechanics and other applications.


lexentry: eng/Hilo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hilo
trans_list: Хи́ло
sense:
The largest town on the island of Hawaii, in Hawaii County, Hawaii, located at the eastern corner of the island.


lexentry: eng/Himalayan_salt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Himalayan salt
trans_list: гимала́йская соль | ро́зовая гимала́йская соль
sense:
A form of rock salt from the Punjab region, sometimes pinkish in colour, used for seasoning food and for making decorative lamps etc.


lexentry: eng/Himalayas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Himalayas
trans_list: Гимала́и | Гималаи
sense:
The mountain range in south-central Asia which extends about 2,414 km (1,500 mi) through Kashmir, northern India, southern Tibet, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and Assam; it contains nine of the world’s ten highest peaks, including Mount Everest/Qomolongma.


lexentry: eng/Hindenburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hindenburg
trans_list: Ги́нденбург
sense:
(aviation, historical) A German commercial passenger-carrying rigid airship that was destroyed by fire on May 6, 1937.


lexentry: eng/Hindi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hindi
trans_list: хи́нди | хинди
sense:
The Central Zone of Indo-Aryan languages. These are also spoken in Fiji, Guyana and as a second language by Indians in many other countries.


lexentry: eng/Hinduism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hinduism
trans_list: индуи́зм | индуизм
sense:
A religion, philosophy and culture native to India, characterized by the belief in reincarnation and a supreme oneness personified in many forms and natures.


lexentry: eng/Hindustani__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hindustani
trans_list: хиндуста́нец | хиндуста́нка
sense:
A person from India, varying historically from the entire subcontinent to India north of the Deccan, especially the plains of the Ganges and Jumna.


lexentry: eng/Hindustani__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hindustani
trans_list: хиндуста́ни | хиндуста́нский
sense:
The pluricentric language of Hindi-Urdu, of which Hindi and Urdu are literary standards; the language from which Hindi and Urdu are derived.


lexentry: eng/Hippocratic_oath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hippocratic oath
trans_list: кля́тва Гиппокра́та
sense:
(medicine) An oath sworn by newly-qualified physicians that they will observe the medical ethics that derived from Hippocrates.


lexentry: eng/Hirschsprung's_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hirschsprung's disease
trans_list: [[боле́знь]] Ги́ршпрунга
sense:
(medicine) Congenital aganglionic megacolon, a disorder in which the bowel is obstructed by an aganglionic section of bowel and the colon becomes enlarged.


lexentry: eng/Hispaniola__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hispaniola
trans_list: Гаити
sense:
An island of the Caribbean, divided politically into the independent nations of Haiti and the Dominican Republic.


lexentry: eng/Hispaniolan_crossbill__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hispaniolan crossbill
trans_list: испаньолский клёст
sense:
Loxia megaplaga, a crossbill that is endemic to Hispaniola (Haiti and Dominican Republic), and the only one of its genus in the Caribbean.


lexentry: eng/Hitchcockian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hitchcockian
trans_list: хичкоковский
sense:
Of or pertaining to Alfred Hitchcock (1899–1980), British filmmaker and producer, or his works, especially noted for suspense and psychothrillers.


lexentry: eng/Hitler__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hitler
trans_list: Ги́тлер
sense:
Ellipsis of w:Adolf Hitler; Führer of the Nazi Party and chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945; particularly as the embodiment of Nazism.


lexentry: eng/Hittite__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Hittite
trans_list: хе́ттский | хеттский
sense:
Of or relating to the Hittite Kingdom, located in central Anatolia (modern Turkey), that flourished from about 1800 to 1400 B.C.E.


lexentry: eng/Hittite__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hittite
trans_list: хе́ттский язы́к
sense:
An ancient Indo-European language of the Anatolian branch, attested from the 16th century BC until the 13th century BC.


lexentry: eng/Hittitologist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hittitologist
trans_list: хеттолог
sense:
(anthropology, linguistics) An archaeologist, historian, linguist, or art historian who specializes in the study of the Ancient Hittites and their Near Eastern Empire which was based in Hattusa in modern day Anatolia.


lexentry: eng/Hmong__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hmong
trans_list: мя́о | хмонг
sense:
A people who live predominantly in the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand, and (in diaspora) around the world.


lexentry: eng/Hmong__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hmong
trans_list: мя́о | хмонг
sense:
The lect spoken by these people, which is a cluster of a large number of lects which are sometimes considered dialects and sometimes separate languages.


lexentry: eng/Hodgkin's_lymphoma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hodgkin's lymphoma
trans_list: боле́знь Хо́джкина | злока́чественная гранулёма | лимфо́ма Хо́джкина | лимфогранулемато́з
sense:
(disease, oncology) A malignant lymphoid neoplasm characterized by the formation of large tumour cells (Reed-Sternberg cells) in the lymph nodes.


lexentry: eng/Hogwarts__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hogwarts
trans_list: Хо́гвартс
sense:
Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, a school for learning magic in J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series.


lexentry: eng/Hohenzollern__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hohenzollern
trans_list: Гогенцо́ллерны
sense:
(historical) a noble family and royal dynasty of electors, kings, and emperors of Brandenburg, Prussia, Germany, and Romania.


lexentry: eng/Hokkien__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hokkien
trans_list: фуцзя́ньский | фуцзяньхуа́ | хо́ккиен
sense:
(chiefly, Southeast Asia) A linguistic subgroup of the Southern Min (Min Nan) branch, of the Min branch, of the Sinitic (Chinese) branch, of the Sino-Tibetan language family which is mainly spoken in the south-eastern part of mainland China (Fujian province), Taiwan, and people of Hoklo descent elsewhere in the world, like in Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Indonesia, Southern Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia, Southern Vietnam, etc.


lexentry: eng/Holi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holi
trans_list: Холи
sense:
A Hindu festival, held in the spring, during which people throw coloured powders at each other during noisy street celebrations.


lexentry: eng/Holiness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holiness
trans_list: святе́йшество
sense:
(countable) Used in connection with His or Your to address the leader of some religious traditions, notably the pope.


lexentry: eng/Holland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holland
trans_list: Голла́ндия | Голландия
sense:
A traditional region of the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland.


lexentry: eng/Hollywood__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hollywood
trans_list: Голливу́д | Голливуд
sense:
A neighbourhood of Los Angeles, California, known as the center of the American motion picture industry.


lexentry: eng/Holocaust__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Holocaust
trans_list: Холоко́ст | холоко́ст
sense:
(historical, broadly) The systematic mass murder (democide) of somewhere between eleven and fourteen million people, namely six million Jews and from five to eight million others (including Romanis, Slavs, homosexuals, and people with physical and mental disabilities), perpetrated by Nazi Germany shortly before and during World War II.


lexentry: eng/Holocene__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holocene
trans_list: голоцен
sense:
(geology) Of a geologic epoch within the Quaternary period from about the year 10 000 BC to the present; the age of man.


lexentry: eng/Holodomor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Holodomor
trans_list: Голодомо́р | голодомо́р
sense:
(historical, rare) А famine with mass deaths, especially one of the Soviet famines in 1921–22, 1932–33, or 1946–47.


lexentry: eng/Holofernes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holofernes
trans_list: Олофе́рн
sense:
a character in the deuterocanonical Book of Judith, an invading general of Nebuchadnezzar, beheaded by Judith.


lexentry: eng/Holohoax__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holohoax
trans_list: лохоко́ст
sense:
(offensive, used by Holocaust deniers) The Holocaust viewed as an event which is fabricated and did not happen.


lexentry: eng/Holstein__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holstein
trans_list: Го́льштейн | Голшти́ния
sense:
A geographic region and former duchy between the rivers Elbe and Eider, to the south of Schleswig, part of the state of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Communion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Communion
trans_list: ве́черя госпо́дня | евхари́стия | прича́стие | свято́е прича́стие
sense:
The Christian sacrament of the Eucharist; (in particular) the reception of the body and blood of Christ (the consecrated bread and wine), which is believed to bring about communion between the recipient and Christ.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Grail__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Grail
trans_list: Свято́й Грааль
sense:
(Arthurian mythology) An artifact in Arthurian mythology, being the cup used by Christ at the Last Supper and in which some of his blood was caught during the crucifixion.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Land__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Land
trans_list: Свята́я земля́
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) That part of the Middle East, consisting mostly of Israel and Palestine, in which most Biblical events are set.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Prepuce__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Prepuce
trans_list: священный препуций
sense:
Any of several sacred or holy foreskins (Latin sānctum praepūtium) allegedly from the circumcision of the baby Jesus on the eighth day of his life.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Roman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Roman Empire
trans_list: Свяще́нная Ри́мская импе́рия
sense:
(historical) A former polity and medieval empire forming a loose conglomeration of largely independent mostly Germanic entities in Central Europe from at least 962 C.E. until 1806. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/Holy_See__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy See
trans_list: Свято́й Престо́л | Святой Престол
sense:
The episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent see of the Catholic Church. It is also the sovereign entity headed by the Pope which governs the Vatican and represents the Catholic Church in temporal affairs.


lexentry: eng/Holy_Spirit__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Holy Spirit
trans_list: Свято́й Дух
sense:
(Christianity) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence present in the faithful (particularly inspired prophets) and considered to proceed either from (Eastern Orthodoxy) God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.


lexentry: eng/Home_Army__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Home Army
trans_list: Армия Крайова
sense:
(history) the dominant Polish resistance movement in Poland, occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, during World War II.


lexentry: eng/Hong_Kong_Island__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hong Kong Island
trans_list: Гонко́нг
sense:
An island east of the Pearl River Delta in the South China Sea, the site of the City of Victoria in Hong Kong, and original concession for Hong Kong.


lexentry: eng/Hong_Kong__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hong Kong
trans_list: Гонко́нг | Сянга́н | Гонконг
sense:
A city and special administrative region in southeastern China, located on an island east of the Pearl River delta in the South China Sea; a former British colony.


lexentry: eng/Honorius__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Honorius
trans_list: Гоно́рий
sense:
A transliteration of the Latin male given name Honōrius, notably borne by a Roman emperor and several popes.


lexentry: eng/Hooke's_law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hooke's law
trans_list: зако́н Гука
sense:
(physics) the principle that the stress applied to a solid is directly proportional to the strain produced. This law describes the behavior of springs and solids stressed within their elastic limit.


lexentry: eng/Horae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Horae
trans_list: Горы | Оры | Хоры
sense:
(Greek mythology) The goddesses of the seasons and the natural portions of the times of the year, and the laws and orders of time; originally the personifications of nature in its different seasonal aspects, but in later times regarded as goddesses of order in general and of natural justice.


lexentry: eng/Horodyshche__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Horodyshche
trans_list: Городи́ще
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Horodyshche urban hromada, Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Horologium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Horologium
trans_list: Часы́
sense:
(astronomy) A constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a pendulum clock. It lies between the constellations Fornax and Dorado.


lexentry: eng/Horozhanivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Horozhanivka
trans_list: Горожа́новка
sense:
A village in Shevchenkove settlement hromada, Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1820.


lexentry: eng/Horozhanka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Horozhanka
trans_list: Горожа́нка
sense:
A river, a left tributary of the Dniester, having its course entirely within the Ivano-Frankivsk Raion of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast and the Chortkiv Raion of Ternopil Oblast of Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Horozhanka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Horozhanka
trans_list: Горожа́нка
sense:
A village on the banks of the River Horozhanka in Monastyryska urban hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1439, situated southwest of the botanical reserve to which it gave its name, in which snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis) grow in a forest tract of oaks (Quercus) and hornbeams (Carpinus betulus).


lexentry: eng/Hostomel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hostomel
trans_list: Госто́мель
sense:
A rural settlement, the administrative centre of the settlement hromada of the same name of Bucha Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1494, designated a hero city on the 6th of March 2022.


lexentry: eng/House_of_Representatives__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: House of Representatives
trans_list: пала́та представи́телей
sense:
The lower house in the bicameral legislatures of several countries; also some singular legislative bodies in unicameral systems.


lexentry: eng/Hradec_Králové__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hradec Králové
trans_list: Гра́дец-Кра́лове | Кёниггре́ц | Кёниггрец
sense:
A city in the Czech Republic, located at the west Bohemia at the confluence of the Elbe and the Orlice river.


lexentry: eng/Hromokliia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hromokliia
trans_list: Громо́клея
sense:
A river, a right tributary of the Inhul, having its course entirely within the Kropyvnytskyi Raion of Kirovohrad Oblast and the Bashtanka Raion of Mykolaiv Oblast of Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Hryhoriv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hryhoriv
trans_list: Григо́ров
sense:
A village in Rohatyn urban hromada, Ivano-Frankivsk Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1447.


lexentry: eng/Hryhoriv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hryhoriv
trans_list: Григо́ров
sense:
A village in Monastyryska urban hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1454.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Kaniv Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine, amalgamated into Bobrytsia rural hromada in August 2018.

trans_list:
[[григоровский|Григо́ровский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[григоровский|Григо́ровский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григо́ровка
sense:
A village in Bobrytsia rural hromada, Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1552.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Vasylkivka Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine, amalgamated into Vasylkivka settlement hromada in August 2018; administrative centre and sole constituent settlement: Hryhorivka.

trans_list:
[[григоровский|Григо́ровский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[григоровский|Григо́ровский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григо́ровка
sense:
Former name of Bunchuzhne: a village in Vasylkivka settlement hromada, Synelnykove Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine; known by this name 1926–2024.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Barvinkove Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, established in 1991, merged into Barvinkove urban hromada in June 2020.

trans_list:
[[григоровский|Григо́ровский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[григоровский|Григо́ровский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григо́ровка
sense:
A village in Barvinkove urban hromada, Izium Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded by Mennonites in 1889.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Velykyi Burluk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, established in 1919, merged into Velykyi Burluk settlement hromada in June 2020.

trans_list:
[[григорьевский|Григо́рьевский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[григорьевский|Григо́рьевский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григо́рьевка
sense:
A village in Velykyi Burluk settlement hromada, Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1751.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Chaplynka Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, amalgamated into Prysyvashshia rural hromada in September 2016; administrative centre and sole constituent settlement: Hryhorivka.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григо́ровка
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Prysyvashshia rural hromada, Kakhovka Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Svitlovodsk Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine, amalgamated into Velyka Andrusivka rural hromada in August 2016.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Obukhiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, established in 1918, merged into Obukhiv urban hromada in June 2020.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Bratske Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine, established a. 1946, amalgamated into Novomarivka rural hromada in July 2018.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григо́ровка
sense:
A village in Novomarivka rural hromada, Voznesensk Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1935.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григо́ровка
sense:
A village in Veselynove settlement hromada, Voznesensk Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded a. 1946.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григо́ровка
sense:
An uninhabited village in Yuzhne urban hromada, Odesa Raion, Odesa Oblast, Ukraine, founded in the early-19th century.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, merged into Polohy urban hromada in June 2020; administrative centre and sole constituent settlement: Hryhorivka.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Bakhmach Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine, established in 1917, merged into Bakhmach urban hromada in June 2020.

trans_list:
[[григоровский|Гри́горовский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[григоровский|Гри́горовский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Starokostiantyniv Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine, established in 1928, amalgamated into Starokostiantyniv urban hromada in June 2020.

trans_list:
[[григоровский|Гри́горовский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[григоровский|Гри́горовский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Гри́горовка
sense:
A village in Starokostiantyniv urban hromada, Khmelnytskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1647.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Hryhorivka
sense:
A former silrada of Hrebinka Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine, established a. 1927, merged into Hrebinka urban hromada in June 2020.

trans_list:
[[григоровский|Гри́горовский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[григоровский|Гри́горовский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Гри́горовка
sense:
A village in Hrebinka urban hromada, Lubny Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine, founded in the eighteenth century.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Chornobai settlement hromada, Zolotonosha Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine, founded a. 1440.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
Former name of Mylnyky: a village in Vertiivka rural hromada, Nizhyn Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine; known by this name 1928–2016.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 10
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Boikivske settlement hromada, Kalmiuske Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded by Evangelical Lutherans from Berdiansk in 1892.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 12
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A former village in Pryvillia silrada, Sloviansk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, disincorporated in December 1987.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 13
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Kolomak settlement hromada, Bohodukhiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1650.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 14
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A former khutir in Krasne silrada, Kehychivka Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic; now a part of the rural settlement of Vilne, in Kehychivka settlement hromada, Berestyn Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 15
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григо́рьевка
sense:
A rural settlement in Solonytsivka settlement hromada, Kharkiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1765.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 17
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Sakhnivtsi rural hromada, Shepetivka Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1860.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 18
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Adzhamka rural hromada, Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine, founded a. 1932.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 19
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Oleksandrivka settlement hromada, Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine, founded a. 1932.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 20
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровский [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | Григоровский [[сѐльсове́т]]
sense:
A former silrada of Novoukrainka Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine, merged into Hannivka rural hromada in June 2020.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 20
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Hannivka rural hromada, Novoukrainka Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine, founded a. 1801.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 22
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Tetiiv urban hromada, Bila Tserkva Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded by migrants from the nearby village of Cherepyn in 1924.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 25
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Berezan urban hromada, Brovary Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded by a settler from the village of Kuliabivka in 1950.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 27
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григорьевка
sense:
Former name of Zarichne: a village in Nova Odesa urban hromada, Mykolaiv Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine; known by this name until 1968.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 28
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Yelanets settlement hromada, Voznesensk Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1802.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 33
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A former village in Stalino miskrada, Stalino Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic; now a residential area of Leninskyi district, Donetsk City, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 34
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Mohyliv-Podilskyi urban hromada, Mohyliv-Podilskyi Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1530.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 35
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A rural settlement in Pohrebyshche urban hromada, Vinnytsia Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine, founded in the early-1920s.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 36
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A former khutir in Tsyhanivka silrada, Troitske Raion, Voroshylovhrad Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, disincorporated somewhen 1947–1972.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 37
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровский [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | Григоровский [[сѐльсове́т]]
sense:
A former silrada of Zaporizhzhia Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, amalgamated into Novooleksandrivka rural hromada in May 2018.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivka__Proper_noun__4
sense_num: 37
written_rep: Hryhorivka
trans_list: Григоровка
sense:
A village in Novooleksandrivka rural hromada, Zaporizhzhia Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1773.


lexentry: eng/Hryhorivske__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hryhorivske
trans_list: Григо́ровское
sense:
A village in Komyshuvakha settlement hromada, Zaporizhzhia Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1770.


lexentry: eng/Huainanzi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Huainanzi
trans_list: Хуайнань-цзы
sense:
(Chinese, _, literature) A 2nd-century bc record of Chinese mythology, legend, history, and thought.


lexentry: eng/Hubble_constant__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hubble constant
trans_list: зако́н Ха́ббла
sense:
(astronomy) A number that expresses the rate of expansion of the universe; the velocity at which a distant object is receding from the Earth divided by its distance; its reciprocal determines the age of the universe.


lexentry: eng/Hudson_Bay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hudson Bay
trans_list: Гудзо́нов зали́в
sense:
A gulf of Nunavut, Canada, a southern extension of the Arctic Ocean. A large arctic sea, surrounded on three sides, by Quebec on the east, Nunavut to the west, Manitoba to the southwest, Ontario on the south, and extending southeast becoming James Bay. To the north lies the Canadian Arctic Archipelago in the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Hudson__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Hudson
trans_list: Гудзо́н
sense:
(with the) A river in the United States, flowing from Lake Tear of the Clouds in Keene, New York into the Upper New York Bay at New York City; named for English explorer Henry Hudson.


lexentry: eng/Hudsonian_godwit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hudsonian godwit
trans_list: канадский веретенник
sense:
An American wader, Limosa haemastica, gathering on the shores of Hudson Bay to migrate to South America each autumn.


lexentry: eng/Hufflepuff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hufflepuff
trans_list: Пу́ффендуй | пуффендуец
sense:
A person having traits associated with Hufflepuff house from the Harry Potter series, including patience, justice, and loyalty or an affinity for badgers or the colours yellow and black.


lexentry: eng/Hui__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hui
trans_list: хуэ́й | хуэйцзу́
sense:
An ethnic group of China, distinguished by their practice of Islam, who speak Mandarin (or Dungan in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Russia).


lexentry: eng/Humboldt_squid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Humboldt squid
trans_list: кальма́р Гу́мбольдта | перуа́нско-чили́йский гига́нтский кальма́р
sense:
Dosidicus gigas, a large squid living in the waters of the Humboldt Current in the eastern Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Hummer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hummer
trans_list: Ха́ммер
sense:
A brand of sport utility vehicles sold by General Motors, and by extension, any large similar vehicle.


lexentry: eng/Humpty_Dumpty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Humpty Dumpty
trans_list: Шалта́й-Болта́й
sense:
A nursery rhyme character who falls from a wall and breaks irreparably in the manner of an egg; (figurative) by extension, anything similarly fragile, irreparably damaged, or insecure, precariously at risk of such irreparable damage.


lexentry: eng/Hunan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hunan
trans_list: Хуна́нь
sense:
A province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting. Capital: Changsha.


lexentry: eng/Hungarian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hungarian
trans_list: венге́рский | мадья́рский | венгерский
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to the Kingdom of Hungary, during the days of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, regardless of ethnicity.


lexentry: eng/Hungarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hungarian
trans_list: венгр | венге́рец | венге́рка | мадья́р | мадья́рка
sense:
A person from the former Kingdom of Hungary, during the Austro-Hungarian Empire, regardless of that person's ethnicity.


lexentry: eng/Hungarian_notation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hungarian notation
trans_list: венге́рская нота́ция
sense:
(computing, programming) A naming convention in which the name of a variable indicates its data type and intended use by including abbreviations as prefixes.


lexentry: eng/Huntington's_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Huntington's disease
trans_list: болезнь Гентингтона
sense:
(disease, neurology) A hereditary disorder of the basal ganglia that leads to progressive loss of motor coordination.


lexentry: eng/Hurler_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hurler syndrome
trans_list: боле́знь Пфа́ундлера-Гу́рлер | синдро́м Гу́рлер
sense:
(pathology, disease) A genetic disorder that results in the buildup of glycosaminoglycans due to a deficiency of alpha-L iduronidase.


lexentry: eng/Hurrian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hurrian
trans_list: хуррит
sense:
(historical) A member of an ancient people who lived in northern Mesopotamia and created a powerful kingdom called Mitanni in the 16th-13th century BC.


lexentry: eng/Hurrian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hurrian
trans_list: хурритский
sense:
The language of Hurrians, neither Indo-European nor Semitic, whose only known relative is the Urartian.


lexentry: eng/Hurro-Urartian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hurro-Urartian
trans_list: хурри́то-ура́ртский
sense:
an extinct language family of the Ancient Near East, comprising only two known languages: Hurrian and Urartian


lexentry: eng/Hussitism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hussitism
trans_list: гуситство
sense:
(Christianity, historical) A religious reform and nationalistic movement of the Bohemian Reformation, based on the teachings of Jan Hus.


lexentry: eng/Hyacinthus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hyacinthus
trans_list: Гиаки́нф | Гиаци́нт
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Spartan youth loved and accidentally killed by Apollo. The flower hyacinth sprang from his blood.


lexentry: eng/Hyades__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hyades
trans_list: Гиа́ды
sense:
(astronomy) An open cluster of stars in the constellation Taurus, and the nearest visible such cluster to Earth.


lexentry: eng/Hydra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hydra
trans_list: Лерне́йская ги́дра
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythological serpent with many heads, slain by Hercules as one of his twelve labours.


lexentry: eng/Hydra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hydra
trans_list: Ги́дра | Гидра
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a serpent. It lies just south of the zodiac and contains the star Alphard.


lexentry: eng/Hydrus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hydrus
trans_list: Ю́жная Ги́дра | Южная Гидра
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a small serpent. It lies between the constellations Mensa and Tucana. It is not to be confused with the constellation Hydra.


lexentry: eng/Hygieia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hygieia
trans_list: Гигие́я
sense:
(Greek god) The goddess and personification of health and healthiness, a daughter of Asclepius and Epione.


lexentry: eng/Hypatia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Hypatia
trans_list: Гипа́тия
sense:
(historical) Hypatia of Alexandria (born c. AD 350–370; died 415), an Ancient Greek mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher, and head of the Neoplatonic school at Alexandria.


lexentry: eng/Hyperborea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hyperborea
trans_list: Гиперборе́я
sense:
(Greek mythology) the land of sunshine and plenty, beyond the northern wind, home to the hyperboreans, a race of giants


lexentry: eng/Hypnos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hypnos
trans_list: Ги́пнос | Гипно́с
sense:
(Greek god) The god and personification of sleep. The son of Nyx and Erebus, twin brother of Thanatos, husband of Pasithea, and the father of the Oneiroi. His Roman counterpart is Somnus.


lexentry: eng/Hyrcania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Hyrcania
trans_list: Гирка́ния
sense:
(historical) A region in the southeastern Caspian Sea, corresponding to parts of modern-day Iran (specifically Northern Iran) and Turkmenistan.


lexentry: eng/Höðr__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Höðr
trans_list: Хёд
sense:
(Norse mythology) The blind son of the Norse gods Odin and Frigg, whom Loki tricked into shooting Baldur with a mistletoe arrow.


lexentry: eng/I'll_call_the_police__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I'll call the police
trans_list: я вы́зову мили́цию | я вы́зову поли́цию
sense:
Indicates that the speaker is going to call the police, presumably to counter actions from the interlocutor.


lexentry: eng/I'm_hot__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I'm hot
trans_list: мне жа́рко
sense:
Indicates that the speaker is hot (i.e. feeling the sensation of heat, especially to the point of discomfort)


lexentry: eng/I'm_sorry__Phrase__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: I'm sorry
trans_list: извинить | простить | сожалеть
sense:
(with an upward inflection) Indicates that the speaker is confused or requests information to be repeated; come again?, say again?, I beg your pardon?; see also Thesaurus:say again


lexentry: eng/I-beam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I-beam
trans_list: двута́вр | двута́вровая ба́лка
sense:
(engineering) A beam with cross-section shaped like a capital letter I (with serifs top and bottom), used in construction.


lexentry: eng/ICAO__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ICAO
trans_list: ИКАО | МОГА
sense:
Acronym of w:International Civil Aviation Organization, a United Nations agency headquartered in Montreal, Canada.


lexentry: eng/ICAO_spelling_alphabet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ICAO spelling alphabet
trans_list: [[фонети́ческий]] [[алфави́т]] ИКА́О
sense:
The ICAO radiotelephony spelling alphabet of the International Civil Aviation Organization. This alphabet assigns names to letters of the alphabet for clearer enunciation (and for the same reason pronounces the numeral 9 as "niner"):


lexentry: eng/IOC__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: IOC
trans_list: МОК
sense:
(ornithology) Initialism of w:International Ornithological Committee (now known as International Ornithologists' Union)


lexentry: eng/IP_address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: IP address
trans_list: IP-а́дрес | айпи́ | айпѝ-а́дрес
sense:
(Internet) A number assigned to each computer's or other device's network interface, which are active on a network. supporting the Internet Protocol, in order to distinguish each network interface, and hence each networked device) from every other network interface anywhere on the network.


lexentry: eng/ISIS__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ISIS
trans_list: ДА́ИШ | ИГ | ИГИ́Л
sense:
A Salafist group mainly active in Iraq and Syria, where it has proclaimed itself as a (unrecognized) state and later caliphate. [from 2013]


lexentry: eng/ISP__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: ISP
trans_list: [[поставщи́к]] [[услуга|услу́г]] [[интерне́т]]а | интерне́т-прова́йдер | прова́йдер
sense:
(Internet) Initialism of Internet service provider (a company that provides Internet access for a fee)


lexentry: eng/I_Ching__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I Ching
trans_list: И цзин | Кано́н Переме́н | Кни́га Переме́н
sense:
A Chinese classic text describing an ancient system of cosmology and philosophy which is at the heart of traditional Chinese cultural beliefs.


lexentry: eng/I_do__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I do
trans_list: да
sense:
A traditional phrase said by each of the prospective spouses during a wedding ceremony in order to accept the marriage.


lexentry: eng/I_have_a_fever__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I have a fever
trans_list: у меня́ жар
sense:
Indicates that the speaker has an abnormally high body temperature, which is usually a symptom of a disease.


lexentry: eng/I_know__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I know
trans_list: зна́ю | я зна́ю
sense:
A response used to indicate that speaker was in agreement with the preceding statement before it was made.


lexentry: eng/I_know_you_are_but_what_am_I?__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I know you are but what am I?
trans_list: от такого и слышу
sense:
(rhetorical question, colloquial, childish) Assertion that an insult made by the party to whom the phrase is directed is actually true of that party, and not of the person using the phrase. Usually considered to be a playground taunt.


lexentry: eng/I_miss_you__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I miss you
trans_list: }} | мне [[ты|тебя́]] не [[хватать|хвата́ет]]
sense:
An expression of sorrow or sadness about the absence of a family member, close friend, lover or spouse.


lexentry: eng/I_tell_a_lie__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I tell a lie
trans_list: врать
sense:
(chiefly, British, idiomatic) I am mistaken; I thought that what I said (or wrote) was true, but I have just realised that it is not.


lexentry: eng/I_think,_therefore_I_am__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I think, therefore I am
trans_list: мы́слю, сле́довательно, существу́ю | я мы́слю, сле́довательно, я есмь
sense:
(philosophy) I am able to think, therefore I exist. A philosophical proof of existence based on the fact that someone capable of any form of thought necessarily exists.


lexentry: eng/I_told_you_so__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: I told you so
trans_list: я же тебе́ говори́л | я же тебе́ говори́ла
sense:
(informal, ironic) Used to remind someone that they were already warned by the speaker or writer that a certain event would happen.


lexentry: eng/Iamus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iamus
trans_list: Ям
sense:
(Greek mythology) A son of Apollo and Evadne, who was said to have the gift of prophecy and to be the forefather of the Iamids.


lexentry: eng/Iapetus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iapetus
trans_list: Я́пет | Япет
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan, the son of Uranus and Gaia, and father of Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Menoetius.


lexentry: eng/Ibadism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ibadism
trans_list: ибади́зм
sense:
(Islam) The doctrines associated with Ibadis, such as the acceptance of fewer hadiths, and the addition of Jami Sahih as a canonical hadith.


lexentry: eng/Iberia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iberia
trans_list: Ибе́рия
sense:
A peninsula and region of Europe south of the Pyrenees, consisting of Andorra, Spain, Portugal, and Gibraltar.


lexentry: eng/Iberia__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iberia
trans_list: Ибе́рия | Иве́рия
sense:
(historical) An antique and Byzantine name for the geographic region and ancient Georgian kingdom of Kartli in Eastern Europe, located east of Colchis, corresponding roughly to the eastern parts of present-day Georgia.


lexentry: eng/Iberian_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iberian Peninsula
trans_list: Пирене́йский полуо́стров
sense:
A peninsula located in the extreme southwest of Europe which includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar, bordered on the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea, and on the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Pyrenees forming the northeast edge of the peninsula, connecting it to the rest of Europe.


lexentry: eng/Iberian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iberian
trans_list: ибер
sense:
(countable) A native of modern-day Iberia (the European peninsula): a person native to Spain, Portugal, Andorra, or Gibraltar,.


lexentry: eng/Iberian_chiffchaff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iberian chiffchaff
trans_list: ибери́йская пе́ночка | ибери́йская тенько́вка
sense:
Phylloscopus ibericus, a species of leaf warbler endemic to Portugal, Spain and North Africa, west of a line stretching roughly from the western Pyrenees via the mountains of central Spain to the Atlantic.


lexentry: eng/Icelandic_horse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Icelandic horse
trans_list: исландец
sense:
A horse of a small, hardy breed developed from ponies taken to Iceland by Norse settlers in the 9th and 10th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Ijekavian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ijekavian
trans_list: екавский | иекавский
sense:
A dialect, group of dialects or dialect continuum of Serbo-Croatian spoken through most of Croatia, Bosnia and Montenegro and parts of Serbia and distinguished by reflecting the Common Slavic jat (Old Cyrillic: ѣ, Glagolitic: ⱑ, Latin transcription /ě/) sound as disyllabic (triphonemic) /ije/ or diphthongal /je/ sequence.


lexentry: eng/Illinivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Illinivka
trans_list: Ильино́вка
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Illinivka rural hromada, Kramatorsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, first recorded as an unnamed khutir on a map from 1888.


lexentry: eng/Illinois__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: Illinois
trans_list: Иллино́йс | Иллинойс
sense:
A river in Oregon, United States that flows from the southwestern corner of the state into the Rogue River.


lexentry: eng/Illyria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Illyria
trans_list: Илли́рия
sense:
(historical) A vaguely-defined geographic region in Southeast Europe in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula, approximately coincident with modern Albania.


lexentry: eng/Imbolc__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Imbolc
trans_list: Имболк
sense:
(Britain, Ireland) A Gaelic and Wiccan festival celebrated on 1 or 2 February which marks the beginning of spring.


lexentry: eng/Immaculate_Conception__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Immaculate Conception
trans_list: непоро́чное зача́тие
sense:
(Catholicism) The doctrine, in the Roman Catholic Church, that the Virgin Mary was conceived biologically but free from original sin.


lexentry: eng/Imperial_Aramaic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Imperial Aramaic
trans_list: импе́рский араме́йский
sense:
(broad sense:, _, sociolinguistics) The chronolect of the Aramaic language (mid-8th century–late 4th century BCE), intermediate between Old Aramaic and Middle Aramaic, that was used as a language of public life and administration in the late Neo-Assyrian Empire (from the reign of King Tiglath-Pileser III [r. 745–727 BCE] onward), the Neo-Babylonian Empire, and the Achaemenid Empire, until the latter’s conquest by Alexander the Great in 330 BCE.


lexentry: eng/Imphal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: Imphal
trans_list: Импха́л
sense:
A standard dialect of the official Meitei language, spoken in and around the state capital of Manipur.


lexentry: eng/Inanna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Inanna
trans_list: Инанна
sense:
(mythology, Mesopotamian god) A Sumerian goddess of sexual love, fertility, and warfare, known by the Akkadians as Ishtar and later identified with Astarte, Aphrodite, and Venus.


lexentry: eng/Inca__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Inca
trans_list: и́нка
sense:
A member of the group of Quechuan peoples of highland Peru who established an empire from northern Ecuador to central Chile before the Spanish conquest.


lexentry: eng/Inca_dove__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Inca dove
trans_list: воробьи́ная земляна́я го́рлица | земляна́я го́рлица-и́нка | и́нкская земляна́я горлица
sense:
Columbina inca, a small New World dove ranging from the southwestern United States to Central America.


lexentry: eng/Incarnation__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Incarnation
trans_list: воплощение
sense:
(Christianity) The doctrine that the second person of the Trinity assumed human form in the person of Jesus Christ and is fully divine and fully human.


lexentry: eng/Incoterm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Incoterm
trans_list: Инкоте́рмс
sense:
(international trade) Any of a series of international sales terms that divide transaction costs and responsibilities between the buyer and seller.


lexentry: eng/India__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: India
trans_list: Индия | И́ндия
sense:
(chiefly, historical, proscribed, _, in modern use) A region of South Asia, traditionally delimited by the Himalayas and the Indus river; the Indian subcontinent.


lexentry: eng/Indian_Orthodox_Church__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indian Orthodox Church
trans_list: Индийская Православная Церковь
sense:
An Oriental Orthodox church in India branched from the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch which follows the Malankara rite, a form of the West Syriac rite.


lexentry: eng/Indian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Indian
trans_list: америка́нская индиа́нка | америка́нский инде́ец | инде́ец | индиа́нка
sense:
(countable) An American Indian, a member of one of the indigenous peoples of the Americas (generally excluding the Aleut, Inuit, Metis, and Yupik). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/Indian_aconite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indian aconite
trans_list: акони́т свире́пый | боре́ц ди́кий | боре́ц свире́пый
sense:
Aconitum ferox, a species of plant from around the Himalayas known for the potentness of its poison.


lexentry: eng/Indian_cobra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indian cobra
trans_list: инди́йская ко́бра | очко́вая змея́
sense:
A cobra of the species Naja naja, having on its hood two circular ocelli patterns connected by a curved line.


lexentry: eng/Indian_elephant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indian elephant
trans_list: инди́йский слон
sense:
A subspecies of the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus indicus, distributed across India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, the Malay Peninsula, Laos, southern China, Cambodia, Vietnam, and formerly Pakistan.


lexentry: eng/Indian_summer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indian summer
trans_list: ба́бье ле́то | инде́йское ле́то
sense:
(possibly offensive) A stretch of sunny and warm, often hazy, days during late autumn. [from late 18th c., popularized in the early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Indian_summer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Indian summer
trans_list: ба́бье ле́то
sense:
(figuratively) The late autumn of life; a late flowering of activity before old age. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Indian_sunburn__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indian sunburn
trans_list: крапи́вка
sense:
(slang) The prank of grabbing a victim's forearm in both hands and twisting the skin in opposite directions.


lexentry: eng/Indianapolis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indianapolis
trans_list: Индиана́полис
sense:
The capital city of Indiana, United States and the county seat of Marion County, with which the city is consolidated.


lexentry: eng/Indic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indic
trans_list: инди́йский
sense:
Relating to or denoting the group of Indo-European languages comprising Sanskrit and the modern Indian languages which are its descendants.


lexentry: eng/Indies__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Indies
trans_list: Индия
sense:
(historical) The Western Hemisphere, during the early period of European colonization and exploration.


lexentry: eng/Indo-European__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indo-European
trans_list: индоевропе́ец | индоевропе́йка
sense:
(anthropology, archaeology, linguistics) A member of the original ethnolinguistic group hypothesized to have spoken Proto-Indo-European and thus to have been the ancestor for most of India and Western Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/Indo-European__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Indo-European
trans_list: индоевропе́ец | индоевропе́йка
sense:
A speaker of any Indo-European language (though especially an ancient one), or a member of an Indo-European culture, who is regarded as a continuation of the Proto-Indo-Europeans in terms of language, ancestry, or cultural affinity.


lexentry: eng/Indo-European_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indo-European studies
trans_list: индоевропеи́стика
sense:
The academic study of the Indo-European languages in relation to Proto-Indo-European, and sometimes of related humanities. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/Indo-Europeanist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indo-Europeanist
trans_list: индоевропеист
sense:
(indo-european studies) A scientist (usually a linguist or anthropologist) engaged in Indo-European studies.


lexentry: eng/Indochina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indochina
trans_list: Индокита́й
sense:
(dated) A peninsula and geographic region of Southeast Asia, consisting of the mainland portion, not including islands such as those of Indonesia.


lexentry: eng/Indonesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indonesia
trans_list: Индоне́зия | Индонезия
sense:
A country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of Indonesia (since 1950). Capital: Jakarta.


lexentry: eng/Indra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Indra
trans_list: И́ндра
sense:
(Hinduism, Vedism) The god of war and weather; also the King of the Gods or Devas and Lord of Heaven or Svargaloka in Hinduism.


lexentry: eng/Industrial_Revolution__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Industrial Revolution
trans_list: индустриа́льная револю́ция | промышленная революция
sense:
(historical) The major technological, socioeconomic and cultural change in the late 18th and early 19th century resulting from the replacement of an economy based on manual labour to one dominated by industry and machine manufacture.


lexentry: eng/Information_Age__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Information Age
trans_list: информационная эра
sense:
The current era, characterised by the increasing importance and availability of information (especially by means of computers), as opposed to previous eras (such as the Industrial Age) in which most endeavours related to some physical process or product.


lexentry: eng/Ingush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ingush
trans_list: ингу́ш | ингу́шка
sense:
A member of a Nakh people of the northeastern Caucasus, now mostly Sunni Muslim and resident in the Russian republic of Ingushetia.


lexentry: eng/Inner_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Inner Asia
trans_list: Внутренняя Азия
sense:
A region of Asia, usually comprising of what is now Central Asia, Mongolia (including Inner Mongolia), and Northeastern China, particularly as an area of historically strong pastoralist influence in contrast to surrounding sedentary civilizations.


lexentry: eng/Inner_Mongolia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Inner Mongolia
trans_list: Вну́тренняя Монго́лия | Нэй-Мэнгу́
sense:
An autonomous region of China, south of Mongolia, with closely related native Mongolian population, mostly north of the Great Wall. Capital: Hohhot.


lexentry: eng/Instagram__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Instagram
trans_list: Инстагра́м
sense:
(Internet) An online photo- and video-sharing social networking service, originally designed to mimic old-fashioned instant cameras.


lexentry: eng/Intel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Intel
trans_list: Инте́л
sense:
Intel Corporation, a US-based multinational corporation that is best known for designing and manufacturing microprocessors and specialized integrated circuits.


lexentry: eng/Interlingua__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Interlingua
trans_list: интерли́нгва | интерлингва
sense:
A constructed interlanguage based on Romance languages, English, German, Russian and Latin, developed by the International Auxiliary Language Association, and first published in 1951.


lexentry: eng/International_Court_of_Justice__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: International Court of Justice
trans_list: Международный Суд
sense:
(UN) A judicial body of the United Nations, established in 1945 to decide disputes brought by nations.


lexentry: eng/International_Criminal_Court__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: International Criminal Court
trans_list: Международный уголовный суд
sense:
An intergovernmental organization and international tribunal seated in The Hague, Netherlands, with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.


lexentry: eng/International_Date_Line__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: International Date Line
trans_list: ли́ния переме́ны да́ты
sense:
An imaginary line on the Earth's surface at 180° longitude, mostly through the Pacific Ocean, to the east of which the calendar date is one day earlier than to the west.


lexentry: eng/International_Monetary_Fund__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: International Monetary Fund
trans_list: МВФ | Междунаро́дный валю́тный фонд
sense:
The international organization entrusted with overseeing the global financial system by monitoring foreign exchange rates and balance of payments, as well as offering technical and financial assistance when requested.


lexentry: eng/International_System_of_Units__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: International System of Units
trans_list: Междунаро́дная систе́ма едини́ц | СИ
sense:
(metrology) A standard set of units of measurement for use in scientific literature worldwide. The newest and most widespread version of the metric system.


lexentry: eng/International_Women's_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: International Women's Day
trans_list: Междунаро́дный же́нский день
sense:
A holiday celebrated on March 8, with a focus on women's liberation, rights, class struggle, and femininity in general.


lexentry: eng/Internationale__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Internationale
trans_list: Интернациона́л
sense:
A general left-wing anthem for solidarity and emancipation of the working class, dating back to the 19th century.


lexentry: eng/Internet_Protocol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Internet Protocol
trans_list: межсетево́й протоко́л
sense:
(Internet) A communication protocol that enables networking a large number of computers to the Internet by providing the basis for packet switching, routing, addressing and other essential functions of the net.


lexentry: eng/Internet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Internet
trans_list: интерне́т | сеть
sense:
The global, decentralized network of computers which communicate with one another using the Internet protocol suite, which now forms a vital part of global communication, content sharing, and information exchange systems.


lexentry: eng/Internet_address__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Internet address
trans_list: интернет-а́дрес
sense:
(computing, Internet) Any address that is used to identify a place or resource on the Internet, such as a URL, an IP address, or a domain name.


lexentry: eng/Interpol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Interpol
trans_list: Интерпо́л
sense:
The International Criminal Police Organization, an international organization facilitating police cooperation.


lexentry: eng/Invisible_Pink_Unicorn__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Invisible Pink Unicorn
trans_list: неви́димый ро́зовый единоро́г
sense:
(Internet slang, humorous) A unicorn goddess who is simultaneously invisible and pink, used in arguments against faith in an unprovable deity.


lexentry: eng/Io__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Io
trans_list: Ио́ | Ио
sense:
(Greek mythology) The daughter of Inachus river god, and a lover of Zeus, turned by the latter into a heifer.


lexentry: eng/Io__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Io
trans_list: Ио́ | Ио
sense:
(astronomy) A moon of Jupiter, known for its volcanic activity, peppered with about 400 active volcanoes.


lexentry: eng/Ionian_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ionian Islands
trans_list: Иони́ческие острова́
sense:
A group of islands in the Ionian Sea – one of the 13 peripheries of Greece. The main islands are Cephalonia, Corfu, Ithaca, Kythira, Lefkada, Paxoi and Zante.


lexentry: eng/Iphigenia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iphigenia
trans_list: Ифиге́ния
sense:
(Greek mythology) The daughter of Agamemnon and Clytaemnestra, who is sacrificed by her father to ensure the safe journey of the Greeks to Troy.


lexentry: eng/Iran__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iran
trans_list: Иран | Ира́н
sense:
A country in West Asia in the Middle East. Official name: Islamic Republic of Iran. Capital: Tehran.


lexentry: eng/Iranian_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iranian studies
trans_list: ирани́стика | ираноло́гия
sense:
(humanities) an interdisciplinary field dealing with the study of history, literature, art and culture of Iranian peoples


lexentry: eng/Iraq__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iraq
trans_list: Ира́к | Ирак
sense:
A country in West Asia in the Middle East. Official name: Republic of Iraq. Capital and largest city: Baghdad.


lexentry: eng/Iriomote_cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iriomote cat
trans_list: ириомо́тская кшка | ириомоте́йская ко́шка
sense:
(zoology) A small wild cat, Prionailurus iriomotensis, found only on the Japanese island of Iriomote. It has a long, dark brown coat with darker rows of horizontal spots.


lexentry: eng/Irish_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Irish Sea
trans_list: Ирла́ндское мо́ре | Ирландское море
sense:
A sea in British Isles, Europe in the Atlantic. A sea between the islands of Great Britain and Ireland; bordered to the north by the North Channel and to the south by St George's Channel and the Celtic Sea.


lexentry: eng/Iron_Age__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iron Age
trans_list: желе́зный век
sense:
(mythology) The most recent and debased of the four or five classical Ages of Man; hence, any period characterized by wicked behavior. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/Iron_Age__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Iron Age
trans_list: желе́зный век | железный век
sense:
(archaeology) A level of culture in which humans used iron and the technology of ironworking. (Estimated to have begun in Europe about 1100 BC) [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Iron_Cross__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iron Cross
trans_list: Желе́зный Крест
sense:
(military) (formerly) the second highest military decoration of Germany, under the military order of the Pour le Mérite, or the cross pattée shape of this decoration.


lexentry: eng/Iron_Curtain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iron Curtain
trans_list: желе́зный за́навес | железный занавес
sense:
(historical) The dividing line between Western Europe and the Soviet-controlled regions, especially during the Cold War (1947–1991). [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Iroquois__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iroquois
trans_list: ироке́з
sense:
A member of a confederacy of (originally) five Native American (Indian) tribes: the Mohawks, the Oneidas, the Onondagas, the Cayugas, and the Senecas. Also known as the Iroquois League.


lexentry: eng/Isaac__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isaac
trans_list: Иса́к | Исаа́к
sense:
(biblical character) The son of Abraham and Sarah, father of Esau and Jacob, from whom the Hebrew people trace their descent.


lexentry: eng/Iscariot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iscariot
trans_list: искарио́т
sense:
(Christianity) Epithet of Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve disciples of Jesus in the New Testament, who betrayed Jesus into the hands of the chief priests for 30 pieces of silver, and of his father Simon Iscariot.


lexentry: eng/Isfahan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isfahan
trans_list: Исфаха́н
sense:
A city in Iran, the seat of Isfahan County's Central District and the capital of Isfahan Province, the third largest city of Iran; the former capital of Iran, from 1598–1736.


lexentry: eng/Ishikawa_diagram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ishikawa diagram
trans_list: диагра́мма причинно-следственных связей
sense:
A diagram used in quality management to display a detailed list of causes and effects of a problem and thus to decipher the root cause of a problem.


lexentry: eng/Ishim__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ishim
trans_list: Иши́м
sense:
A left tributary of the Irtush River flowing 1,520 miles through Kazakhstan and Russia and passing through Astana, capital of Kazakhstan.


lexentry: eng/Ishmael__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ishmael
trans_list: Измаи́л | Исмаи́л
sense:
(Abrahamism, biblical character) The eldest son of Abraham and his wife's handmaiden Hagar who were cast out after the birth of Isaac; traditionally the ancestor of the Arabs via the Ishmaelites.


lexentry: eng/Isis__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isis
trans_list: Иси́да
sense:
(Egyptian god) An ancient Egyptian goddess, the wife of Osiris and mother of Horus, worshiped as the ideal mother and wife and as the matron of nature and magic; also worshiped by (some) Greeks during the Hellenistic period and featured in Greek mythology, and by Romans involved in what was categorized as the Cult of Isis.


lexentry: eng/Islam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Islam
trans_list: исла́м | магомета́нство | мусульма́нство | ислам
sense:
A monotheistic Abrahamic religion followed by Muslims that is based on the teachings of Muhammad and the Qur'an.


lexentry: eng/Islamic_Emirate_of_Afghanistan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
trans_list: Исла́мский Эмира́т Афганиста́н
sense:
Official name of Afghanistan: a country in Central Asia, under Taliban rule in 1996–2001 and since 2021.


lexentry: eng/Islamic_State__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Islamic State
trans_list: Исла́мское госуда́рство
sense:
A Salafist group active in Libya, Nigeria, Iraq and Syria, where it has proclaimed an (unrecognized) state.


lexentry: eng/Islamic_fundamentalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Islamic fundamentalism
trans_list: исла́мский фундаментали́зм
sense:
A revolutionary movement towards Islamism, with literal and traditional interpretations of their sacred texts. It is often used to describe Muslim groups that advocate the replacement of secular state laws with Islamic law, or Shari'a.


lexentry: eng/Islamism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Islamism
trans_list: ислами́зм
sense:
(by extension) Islamic fundamentalism, especially the forms that promote violence, hostility, and persecution of non-believers. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Isle_of_Man__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isle of Man
trans_list: о́стров Мэн | Остров Мэн
sense:
An island and crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea, part of the British Isles but not of the United Kingdom.


lexentry: eng/Isle_of_Wight__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isle of Wight
trans_list: о́стров Уа́йт
sense:
An island, county, and unitary authority off the south coast of England, in the English Channel opposite Southampton.


lexentry: eng/Isonade__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Isonade
trans_list: Исонадэ
sense:
(Japanese mythology) A mythological monster that resembles an enormous shark, said to live off the coast of western Japan.


lexentry: eng/Israel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Israel
trans_list: Израиль | Изра́иль | Израи́л | Исраэ́ль
sense:
(Biblical) A Biblical region of Western Asia roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel, known in the Bible as the Land of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people.


lexentry: eng/Issus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Issus
trans_list: Исс
sense:
(historical) An ancient settlement in Cilicia, modern Hatay Province, Turkey, where in 333 BCE Alexander the Great defeated the Persians under Darius III.


lexentry: eng/Istanbul__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Istanbul
trans_list: Стамбу́л | Константино́поль | Царьгра́д
sense:
A Turkish city, and the largest European city by population, which was the last capital of the Ottoman Empire and the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire).


lexentry: eng/Istria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Istria
trans_list: И́стрия | Истрия
sense:
A peninsula in Croatia, Slovenia and Italy, on the northeastern coast of the Adriatic Sea: The Istrian Peninsula.


lexentry: eng/Istro-Romanian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Istro-Romanian
trans_list: истрорумынский язы́к
sense:
An endangered Eastern Romance language spoken in the Istrian region of Croatia, and related to Romanian, Aromanian and Megleno-Romanian.


lexentry: eng/Italian_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Italian Peninsula
trans_list: Апенни́нский полуо́стров
sense:
A large peninsula in Southern Europe protruding into the Mediterranean Sea and shaped like a boot. The mountain range of Apennines runs across it from north to south. Occupied almost entirely by Italy.


lexentry: eng/Italian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Italian
trans_list: италья́нский | итальянский
sense:
(uncountable) The official language of Italy, also spoken in San Marino, the Vatican, and parts of Argentina, Slovenia and Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Italian_brainrot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Italian brainrot
trans_list: италья́нский брейнро́т
sense:
(internet slang) A series of videos where AI-generated animals (or creatures) are mixed with everyday objects to create satire and surrealism. These creatures often are voiced over by a robotic male Italian voice, or have pseudo-Italian names.


lexentry: eng/Italian_ice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Italian ice
trans_list: италья́нский лёд
sense:
A frozen dessert, resembling ice cream, made from finely granulated ice mixed with concentrated syrup flavouring or fruit purées.


lexentry: eng/Italian_oak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Italian oak
trans_list: дуб венге́рский
sense:
Quercus frainetto, a species of oak native to southeastern Europe (parts of Italy, the Balkans, parts of Hungary, Romania) and Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Italianization__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Italianization
trans_list: итальяниза́ция
sense:
(historical) The forced cultural and ethnic assimilation of minorities in the Kingdom of Italy, with particular reference to the Fascist government (1922–1943).


lexentry: eng/Italic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Italic
trans_list: италийский
sense:
(Indo-European studies) Pertaining to a subfamily of the Centum branch of the Indo-European language family, that includes Latin and other languages (as Oscan, Umbrian) spoken by the peoples of ancient Italy


lexentry: eng/Italy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Italy
trans_list: Италия | Ита́лия
sense:
A country in Southern Europe. Official names: Italian Republic and Republic of Italy. Capital and largest city: Rome.


lexentry: eng/Ivankiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ivankiv
trans_list: Ива́нков
sense:
A village in Maliutianka starostynskyi okruh, Boiarka urban hromada, Fastiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1926.


lexentry: eng/Ivankiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Ivankiv
trans_list: [[иванковский|Ива́нковский]] [[райо́н]]
sense:
A former raion of Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, established in 1923, expanded by the annexation to it of Chornobyl Raion in 1988, disestablished in July 2020.


lexentry: eng/Ivankiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Ivankiv
trans_list: Ива́нков
sense:
A rural settlement, the administrative centre of Ivankiv settlement hromada, Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1589.


lexentry: eng/Ivankiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Ivankiv
trans_list: [[иванковский|Ива́нковский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[иванковский|Ива́нковский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]
sense:
A former silrada of Borshchiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine, established p. 1940, amalgamated into Skala-Podilska settlement hromada in July 2015.


lexentry: eng/Ivankiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Ivankiv
trans_list: Ива́нков
sense:
A village in Skala-Podilska settlement hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1443, but habitation dates from the 1710s.


lexentry: eng/Ivankiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Ivankiv
trans_list: Ива́нков
sense:
A village in Yampil urban hromada, Mohyliv-Podilskyi Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine, extant since at least the seventeenth century.


lexentry: eng/Ivankiv__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ivankiv
trans_list: Иваньков
sense:
A village in Bobrytsia rural hromada, Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine, founded in the late fifteenth century.


lexentry: eng/Ivano-Frankivsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ivano-Frankivsk
trans_list: Ива́но-Франко́вск
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Ivano-Frankivsk urban hromada, Ivano-Frankivsk Raion and Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine; formerly, Stanislaviv, Stanislav, and Stanisławów.


lexentry: eng/Iwo_Jima__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Iwo Jima
trans_list: Ио
sense:
A volcanic island in the Volcano Islands in the North Pacific, now administered as part of Tokyo's Ogasawara Subprefecture and most famous for a major battle in World War II.


lexentry: eng/Ixion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ixion
trans_list: Иксион
sense:
(Greek mythology) King of Lapiths, who was punished by Zeus for trying to seduce Hera by being bound to a winged fiery wheel that was always spinning.


lexentry: eng/Ixion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ixion
trans_list: Иксион
sense:
(astronomy) A Kuiper belt object (KBO), 28978 Ixion (provisional designation 2001 KX76), once thought to be a possible dwarf planet.


lexentry: eng/Izanagi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Izanagi
trans_list: Идзана́ги
sense:
(Japanese god, Shinto) A Japanese creator god; he is Izanami's elder brother and spouse, and the father of Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi, Susanoo and Kagutsuchi.


lexentry: eng/Izanami__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Izanami
trans_list: Идзана́ми
sense:
(Japanese god, Shinto) A Japanese creator goddess who is also (along with the Shinigami and Enma) a goddess of death and the underworld; she is Izanagi's younger sister and spouse, and the mother of Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi, Susanoo and Kagutsuchi.


lexentry: eng/Izmir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Izmir
trans_list: Изми́р
sense:
A major port city, the capital of İzmir Province, Turkey, geographically continuous with the ancient city of Smyrna.


lexentry: eng/JPEG__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: JPEG
trans_list: жи́пег
sense:
(computer graphics) An image using the JFIF image file format, containing an image compressed using JPEG compression.


lexentry: eng/Jack__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jack
trans_list: Джек | Ва́ня | Джеймс | Я́ков
sense:
A en given name derived from a pet form of the name John. Occasionally a diminutive of other given names such as Jackson, Jacob, Jacqueline or Jonathan.


lexentry: eng/Jack_the_Ripper__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jack the Ripper
trans_list: Джек-Потроши́тель
sense:
A supposed individual who was an unidentified 19th century serial killer in England, who has become part of folklore.


lexentry: eng/Jacob__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jacob
trans_list: Иа́ков | Дже́йкоб | Я́ков
sense:
(Mormonism) The fifth son of Lehi and one of the younger brothers of Nephi, author of one of the books in the Book of Mormon.


lexentry: eng/Jacob__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jacob
trans_list: Иа́ков | Дже́йкоб | Я́ков
sense:
(biblical character) One of the sons of Isaac and Rebecca, and twin brother of Esau; father of the Israelites (Jews and Samaritans) by 12 sons by 4 consorts, most famously Judah and Joseph who fathered Manasseh.


lexentry: eng/Jahannam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jahannam
trans_list: джаха́ннам | джаханна́м
sense:
(Islam) Islamic concept of hell, where unfaithful Muslims not true to their religion will be punished, but will eventually be forgiven.


lexentry: eng/Jaiswal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jaiswal
trans_list: джайсвал
sense:
A surname. common among brewing and distilling castes in the states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh in India; and among Jain merchants in Rajasthan, India.


lexentry: eng/Jamahiriya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jamahiriya
trans_list: джамахири́я
sense:
(historical) State of the masses; people's republic; the form of the Libyan state ruled by Muammar Gaddafi from 1977-2011, during which time it was known first as the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya then as the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.


lexentry: eng/James_Bond__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: James Bond
trans_list: Джеймс Бонд
sense:
A fictional British spy in the novels of Ian Fleming and the motion pictures based on these novels, famous for his suavity, ingenuity, ruthlessness and supply of gadgets.


lexentry: eng/James__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: James
trans_list: Иа́ков | Джеймс | Я́ков
sense:
One of two Apostles, James the Greater and James the Less, often identified with James, brother of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Jammu_and_Kashmir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jammu and Kashmir
trans_list: Джамму и Кашмир
sense:
(now, historical) A princely state which governed the region of Kashmir, the territory of which is now de facto divided between China, India, and Pakistan.


lexentry: eng/Jankoy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jankoy
trans_list: Джанко́й
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Jankoy Raion, de jure a part of that raion, de facto separate as Jankoy city municipality, in Crimea, Ukraine, occupied by Russian forces since February 2014.


lexentry: eng/January__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: January
trans_list: январь | янва́рь
sense:
The first month of the Gregorian calendar, following the December of the previous year and preceding February.


lexentry: eng/Janus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Janus
trans_list: Я́нус | Янус
sense:
(Roman god) The god of doorways, gates and transitions, and of beginnings and endings, having two faces looking in opposite directions.


lexentry: eng/Japanese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese
trans_list: япо́нец | япо́нка | японец | японка
sense:
(countable, chiefly, in the plural) A person living in or originating from Japan, or of Japanese ancestry.


lexentry: eng/Japanese_beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese beetle
trans_list: япо́нский жук
sense:
A beetle of species Popillia japonica, with iridescent copper-colored elytra and green thorax and head, an invasive pest outside of Japan.


lexentry: eng/Japanese_eel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese eel
trans_list: япо́нский речно́й у́горь
sense:
Am eel of species Anguilla japonica, found in Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, as well as the northern Philippines.


lexentry: eng/Japanese_encephalitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese encephalitis
trans_list: япо́нский энцефали́т
sense:
(pathology) A viral disease prevalent in south-east Asia, caused by Japanese encephalitis virus transmitted by mosquito.


lexentry: eng/Japanese_iris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese iris
trans_list: Ирис гладкий | Ирис мечевидный
sense:
(botany) A group of iris flower species native to or cultivated in East Asia, particularly in Japan, Korea, China, Russia, and Mongolia. Scientifically, the three primary species are Iris ensata, Iris laevigata, and Iris sanguinea.


lexentry: eng/Japanese_knotweed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese knotweed
trans_list: япо́нский спо́рыш
sense:
A large, herbaceous perennial plant, Fallopia japonica, native to Asia; it is a highly invasive colonizer outside of its native territory.


lexentry: eng/Japanese_night_heron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese night heron
trans_list: япо́нская выпь | япо́нская ква́ква
sense:
An endangered species of night heron, Gorsachius goisagi, which breeds in Japan and winters in the Philippines and Indonesia, and can also be seen in the spring and summer in Korea and the Russian Far East.


lexentry: eng/Japanese_spitz__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese spitz
trans_list: япо́нский шпиц
sense:
(zoology) A small breed of dog from Japan, having a somewhat square body, deep chest, and very thick, pure white double coat.


lexentry: eng/Japanese_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japanese studies
trans_list: япони́стика | японове́дение
sense:
(humanities) An academic discipline that includes the study of literatures written in the Japanese language, Japanese linguistics, and Japanese sociolinguistics.


lexentry: eng/Japheth__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Japheth
trans_list: Иафе́т
sense:
(biblical character) The third son of Noah, brother to Shem and Ham, who received a blessing from God with Shem, considered to be the ancestor of the Japhetic people(s) (associated approx. with Indo-Europeans and Turks).


lexentry: eng/Jared__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jared
trans_list: Иаред
sense:
(biblical character) A man mentioned in the Book of Genesis, a descendant of Adam and of Seth, the father of Enoch, an ancestor of Noah.


lexentry: eng/Jason__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jason
trans_list: Ясо́н
sense:
(Greek mythology) The leader of the Argonauts, who retrieved the Golden Fleece from king Aeetes of Colchis, for his uncle Pelias.


lexentry: eng/JavaScript__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: JavaScript
trans_list: JavaScript
sense:
(computer language) A scripting programming language most commonly used to add interactive features to webpages.


lexentry: eng/Jedi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jedi
trans_list: дже́дай | джеда́й
sense:
(Star Wars) One of a fictional order of beings from the Star Wars universe who are gifted with heightened awareness of the Force.


lexentry: eng/Jehovah's_Witness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jehovah's Witness
trans_list: иегови́ст | свиде́тель Иего́вы
sense:
A member of a monotheistic and nontrinitarian Restoration Christian denomination founded by Charles Taze Russell in 1879 as a small Bible study group.


lexentry: eng/Jehovah's_Witnesses__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jehovah's Witnesses
trans_list: Свиде́тели Иего́вы
sense:
A monotheistic and nontrinitarian Restoration Christian denomination founded by Charles Taze Russell in 1879 as a small Bible study group.


lexentry: eng/Jeju__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jeju
trans_list: чеджу́
sense:
An endangered language, sometimes considered a dialect of the Korean language, spoken on the island.


lexentry: eng/Jeremiah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jeremiah
trans_list: Иереми́я | Иеремия
sense:
(Abrahamism, biblical character) An ancient prophet, the author of the Book of Jeremiah, and of the Lamentations.


lexentry: eng/Jeroboam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jeroboam
trans_list: Иеровоам
sense:
A bottle of champagne or Burgundy wine containing 3 liters of fluid, four times the volume of a standard bottle.


lexentry: eng/Jeroboam__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jeroboam
trans_list: Иеровоам
sense:
A bottle of Bordeaux wine containing 4.5 liters of fluid, six times the volume of a standard bottle.


lexentry: eng/Jersey__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jersey
trans_list: Дже́рси
sense:
An island, a crown dependency of the United Kingdom; the largest of the Channel Islands in the English Channel between France and England.


lexentry: eng/Jerusalem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jerusalem
trans_list: Иерусали́м | Аль-Ку́дс | Иерусалим
sense:
A city in the Holy Land between the Mediterranean Sea and Dead Sea, holy in Judaism, Christianity and Islam; the claimed capital city of both Israel and Palestine.


lexentry: eng/Jerusalem_artichoke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jerusalem artichoke
trans_list: земляна́я гру́ша | топина́мбур
sense:
A variety of sunflower, Helianthus tuberosus, native to North America, having yellow flower heads and edible tubers.


lexentry: eng/Jesolo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jesolo
trans_list: Йе́золо
sense:
A seaside resort town and comune on the coast of the Adriatic Sea in the Veneto region, Italy, north of Venice.


lexentry: eng/Jesus_Christ__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jesus Christ
trans_list: Иису́с Христо́с | Иисус Христос
sense:
(Christianity, Islam, Baháʼí) Jesus of Nazareth, a first-century Jewish religious preacher and craftsman (commonly understood to have been a carpenter, see TemplateParserError:LuaError) from Galilee, held to be a prophet, teacher and the Messiah, or Christ, in Christianity. Also held to be a prophet in Islam and the Baháʼí Faith.


lexentry: eng/Jesus__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jesus
trans_list: Иисус
sense:
(possibly, _, offensive, blasphemous) An exclamation, particularly used to express excitement or exasperation.


lexentry: eng/Jesus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jesus
trans_list: Иису́с | Иисус
sense:
(historical, religion) One of a variety of persons or entities in western Manichaeism, of whom some correspond closely to the Christian conception of Jesus of Nazareth.


lexentry: eng/Jew's_ear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jew's ear
trans_list: Иу́дино у́хо
sense:
A kind of edible fungus (Auricularia auricula-judae), growing on tree-trunks, formerly used for medicinal purposes.


lexentry: eng/Jew's_harp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jew's harp
trans_list: варга́н | хомус
sense:
A musical instrument consisting of a flexible metal or bamboo “tongue” attached to a frame. This tongue is placed in the performer's mouth and plucked with the finger to produce a note of constant pitch. Melodies can be created by changing the shape of the mouth and causing different overtones.


lexentry: eng/Jewish_Bolshevism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jewish Bolshevism
trans_list: жидобольшеви́зм
sense:
(derogatory) Soviet Communism (Marxism-Leninism) when viewed by Nazis and right wing politicians, as a Jewish political ideology; Judeo-Bolshevism.


lexentry: eng/Jewry__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jewry
trans_list: евре́йство | еврей
sense:
(historical) The quarter of a town or city inhabited either partially or exclusively by Jews; historically, its main buildings were the synagogue, the ritual bath or mikve, the kosher-oriented butchery and bakery, etc. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/Jezebel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jezebel
trans_list: Иезавель
sense:
(biblical character) The Phoenician princess and Queen of Ancient Israel who appears in the Old Testament (1 Kings & 2 Kings), and who incited heresy and lured the Jews away from their God and back to idols.


lexentry: eng/Jinan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jinan
trans_list: Цзина́нь
sense:
A prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Shandong, in eastern China.


lexentry: eng/Joachimsthaler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Joachimsthaler
trans_list: ефи́мок | иоахимста́лер
sense:
(historical) A large silver coin of the 16th century in the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, today Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Job's_tears__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Job's tears
trans_list: бу́сенник обыкнове́нный | ио́влевы слёзы
sense:
A tall grain-bearing perennial tropical plant of the species Coix lacryma-jobi (family Poaceae), native to southeast Asia.


lexentry: eng/Joburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Joburg
trans_list: Йобург, Йоха́ннесбург
sense:
(chiefly, South Africa, Zimbabwe, colloquial) Syllabic abbreviation of Johannesburg: the largest city in South Africa, in Gauteng province.


lexentry: eng/Joe_Public__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Joe Public
trans_list: имярек
sense:
(idiomatic) A hypothetical average or generic member of the public; the common man (or person, by extension).


lexentry: eng/John_Doe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: John Doe
trans_list: Ива́н Ива́нович
sense:
(United States) A fictitious name used chiefly in legal documents for an unknown or anonymous, usually male, person.


lexentry: eng/John__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: John
trans_list: Иоанн | Иван
sense:
(biblical) Persons of the Christian Bible: John the Baptist; and names possibly referring to one, two or three persons, frequently called "Saint": John the Apostle, John the Evangelist and John of Patmos (also called John the Divine or John the Theologian).


lexentry: eng/John__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: John
trans_list: Евангелие от Иоа́нна | Иван
sense:
(biblical) The Gospel of St. John, a book of the New Testament of the Bible. Traditionally the fourth of the four gospels.


lexentry: eng/John__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: John
trans_list: Иван
sense:
(biblical) One of the books in the New Testament of the Bible, the epistles of John (1 John, 2 John and 3 John).


lexentry: eng/Johnson__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Johnson
trans_list: Джо́нсон | Ива́нович | Ивано́в | Ивано́ва | Ивано́вич
sense:
A patrilineal surname transferred from the given name. The second most common surname in the United States.


lexentry: eng/Joker__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Joker
trans_list: Джо́кер
sense:
A fictional villain of DC Comics, noted for his insanity and cunning, who either wears clown makeup or is disfigured to appear as such, and who is archenemy of Batman.


lexentry: eng/Jolly_Roger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jolly Roger
trans_list: Весёлый Роджер
sense:
The traditional flag used on European and American pirate ships, and, more recently, by submarine crews, often pictured as a white skull and crossbones on a black field; the blackjack. [from early 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/Joseon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Joseon
trans_list: Чосо́н
sense:
(historical) A former Korean kingdom and dynasty in East Asia which ruled the Korean Peninsula from 1392 CE to 1897 CE.


lexentry: eng/Josephite__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Josephite
trans_list: иосифля́нин
sense:
One of the Russian followers of hegumen Joseph Volotsky, who advocated the church's ownership of land, social activity and charity.


lexentry: eng/Josephite__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Josephite
trans_list: иосифля́нин
sense:
A member of a late 1920s-1940s movement in the Russian Orthodox Church, followers of Metropolitan Joseph (Petrovykh).


lexentry: eng/Judaism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Judaism
trans_list: иудаи́зм | иуде́йство | иудаизм
sense:
An Abrahamic religion tracing its origin to the Hebrew people of the ancient Middle East, as documented in their religious writings, the Tanakh.


lexentry: eng/Judas_Iscariot__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Judas Iscariot
trans_list: Иуда Искариот
sense:
(biblical character) One of the twelve disciples of Jesus in the New Testament, who betrayed Jesus into the hands of the chief priests for 30 pieces of silver.


lexentry: eng/Judas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Judas
trans_list: Иу́да | Иуда
sense:
(biblical character) Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve original Apostles of Jesus, known for his role in Jesus' betrayal into the hands of Roman authorities.


lexentry: eng/Judas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Judas
trans_list: Иу́да | Иуда
sense:
(biblical, archaic) Alternative form of Jude, the penultimate book of the Bible and its ascribed author, Jude the Apostle (Judas Thaddaeus).


lexentry: eng/Judas_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Judas tree
trans_list: багря́нник | багря́нник европе́йский | иу́дино де́рево | церцис европе́йский
sense:
A small deciduous tree, Cercis siliquastrum, noted for its prolific display of deep-pink flowers in spring.


lexentry: eng/Judea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Judea
trans_list: Иуде́я | Иудея
sense:
Roman rendition of Judah. Used after the fall of the Davidic dynasty and through the period as part of the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Julian_calendar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Julian calendar
trans_list: Юлиа́нский календа́рь
sense:
The calendar which was used in the western world before the present-day Gregorian calendar. The Julian calendar differed in having all multiple-of-4 years as leap years.


lexentry: eng/June__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: June
trans_list: июнь | ию́нь
sense:
The sixth month of the Gregorian calendar, following May and preceding July, containing the northern solstice.


lexentry: eng/Jupiter__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Jupiter
trans_list: Юпи́тер | Юпитер
sense:
(Roman god) The King of the Gods, also called Jove. Equivalent to the Greek Zeus, Jupiter was one of the children of Saturn. As supreme god of the Roman pantheon, Jupiter was the god of thunder, lightning, and storms, and appropriately called the god of light and sky.


lexentry: eng/Jupiter_mass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jupiter mass
trans_list: ма́сса Юпи́тера
sense:
(astronomy) A unit of mass equal to the mass of the planet Jupiter, used to express the mass of other planets. 1 MJ = 2 × 1027 kg.


lexentry: eng/Jura__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jura
trans_list: Юра́ | Юра
sense:
A mountain range on the border of France and Switzerland, extending into Germany; in full, Jura Mountains.


lexentry: eng/Jurassic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jurassic
trans_list: юрский
sense:
(geology) Of or pertaining to the second period of the Mesozoic era, a time still dominated by dinosaurs.


lexentry: eng/Jurassic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jurassic
trans_list: ю́ра | ю́рский пери́од
sense:
(geology, paleontology) The period from 201.3±0.2 to 145 million years ago, after the Triassic and before the Cretaceous; the geologic systems of this period.


lexentry: eng/Justinian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Justinian
trans_list: Юстиниан I
sense:
A family name in Late Antiquity, notably that of Justinian I, emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 527 to 565.


lexentry: eng/Justitia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Justitia
trans_list: Юстиция
sense:
(Roman god) One of the Horae, she is the goddess of justice. She is the daughter of Jupiter and Themis; her sisters are Pax and Eunomia. She is the Roman counterpart of Dike.


lexentry: eng/Jute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jute
trans_list: ют
sense:
A member of the Germanic tribe that existed in modern-day Denmark that invaded England about the same time as the Angles and the Saxons in the beginning of the Middle Ages, but were eventually integrated by the time of the Norman Conquest.


lexentry: eng/Jutland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jutland
trans_list: Ютла́ндия | Ютландия
sense:
A cultural region and peninsula in northwestern Europe, consisting of the mainland part of Denmark and Schleswig-Holstein, which is part of Germany.


lexentry: eng/Jörmungandr__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Jörmungandr
trans_list: Ёрмунганд
sense:
(Norse mythology) The World Serpent or Midgard Serpent, an offspring of Loki, which is thrown into the ocean by Odin but grows to encircle the world, and is finally slain during Ragnarok by Thor, who then succumbs to its poisonous breath.


lexentry: eng/K2__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: K2
trans_list: К2 | Чогори
sense:
A mountain on the border between Pakistan and Taxkorgan, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang, China, the world’s second highest mountain, located in the Ladakh Karakorams.


lexentry: eng/KP__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: KP
trans_list: наря́д на ку́хню
sense:
(military) Initialism of kitchen police/patrol (enlisted person assigned to assist in the kitchen, or the role itself).


lexentry: eng/K__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: K
trans_list: К
sense:
(baseball) Abbreviation of strikeout On a baseball scorecard, a frontwards K signifies striking out while swinging the bat, while a backwards K signifies striking out while looking.


lexentry: eng/Kaaba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kaaba
trans_list: Ка́аба
sense:
(Islam) The nearly cubical stone temple in Mecca, the holiest place in Islam and site of the great hajj assembly.


lexentry: eng/Kabarda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kabarda
trans_list: кабарди́нец | кабарди́нка
sense:
A member of the Kabardian-speaking people living in or originating from the Kabardino-Balkaria area in North Caucasus.


lexentry: eng/Kabardian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kabardian
trans_list: [[кабарди́но-черке́сский]] [[язы́к]] | [[кабарди́нский]] [[язы́к]] | кабарди́нский
sense:
A North Caucasian language spoken in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia, also known as East Circassian.


lexentry: eng/Kabbalah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kabbalah
trans_list: Каббала́ | кабала́
sense:
(Judaism) A body of mystical Jewish teachings based on an esoteric reading of the Hebrew scriptures.


lexentry: eng/Kabyle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kabyle
trans_list: кабильский
sense:
A Northern Berber language of the Berber branch of the Afroasiatic language family, spoken by over 3,000,000 people in Algeria; native name Taqbaylit.


lexentry: eng/Kadiivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kadiivka
trans_list: Ка́диевка
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Kadiivka urban hromada, Alchevsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1814, controlled by the Luhansk People’s Republic since 2014.


lexentry: eng/Kadyivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kadyivka
trans_list: Кадиевка
sense:
A village in Yarmolyntsi settlement hromada, Khmelnytskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1692.


lexentry: eng/Kagutsuchi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kagutsuchi
trans_list: Кагуцу́ти
sense:
(Japanese god, Shinto) The Japanese god of fire, son of Izanagi and Izanami and brother of Amaterasu, Susanoo, Tsukuyomi and Ōyamatsumi; he burned his mother to death while being born.


lexentry: eng/Kahlúa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kahlúa
trans_list: Калу́а
sense:
A brand of heavy, sweet, coffee flavored liqueur made in Mexico; a variety or serving of this drink.


lexentry: eng/Kaiser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kaiser
trans_list: ка́йзер
sense:
An emperor of a German-speaking country, particularly the Holy Roman Empire (962–1806), the Austrian Empire/Austria-Hungary (1806–1918), or the German Empire (1871–1918) — often specifically Wilhelm II.


lexentry: eng/Kalash__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kalash
trans_list: Калаши
sense:
A Dardic indigenous group residing in the Chitral District of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. They speak the Kalasha language.


lexentry: eng/Kalevala__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Kalevala
trans_list: Калевала | Ухта
sense:
An urban-type settlement, the administrative capital of the Kalevalsky District, Republic of Karelia, in northwestern Russia; also historically known as Uhtua.


lexentry: eng/Kalynivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: Kalynivka
trans_list: Кали́новка
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Kalynivka urban hromada, Khmilnyk Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1774.


lexentry: eng/Kama_Sutra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kama Sutra
trans_list: Камасу́тра
sense:
A Sanskrit treatise (sutra) setting forth rules for sensuous and sensual pleasure, love, and marriage in accordance with Hindu law.


lexentry: eng/Kamarupa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kamarupa
trans_list: Камарупа
sense:
(historical) An early state on the Indian subcontinent, centred in Assam, prevailing from 350 CE to 1140 CE.


lexentry: eng/Kamchatka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kamchatka
trans_list: Камча́тка | Камча́тский край
sense:
A long peninsula forming part of Kamchatka Krai in the Far East of Russia, lying between the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Okhotsk.


lexentry: eng/Kansas_City__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kansas City
trans_list: Ка́нзас-Сити
sense:
A large metropolitan area straddling the border between Kansas and Missouri, USA. Kansas City is split into two separate cities:


lexentry: eng/Kantianism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kantianism
trans_list: кантиа́нство
sense:
(philosophy) The philosophical system of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) and his followers; also called transcendental idealism.


lexentry: eng/Kapampangan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kapampangan
trans_list: капампанган | капампанганский
sense:
A language of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian family of languages; it is one of the major languages of the Philippines and the primary language in the province of Pampanga, as well as southern Tarlac.


lexentry: eng/Kara_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kara Sea
trans_list: Ка́рское мо́ре
sense:
A part of the Arctic Ocean in north Russia. It is separated from the Barents Sea to the west by the Kara Strait and Novaya Zemlya, and the Laptev Sea to the east by the Severnaya Zemlya.


lexentry: eng/Karabakh__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karabakh
trans_list: Караба́х
sense:
A geographic region in present-day southwestern Azerbaijan and eastern Armenia. It includes three regions: Highland Karabakh (present-day Nagorno-Karabakh), Lowland Karabakh (the southern Kura-steppes) and a part of Syunik.


lexentry: eng/Karachev__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karachev
trans_list: Кара́чев
sense:
A town in Karachevsky urban settlement, Karachevsky Raion, Bryansk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, first mentioned in 1146.


lexentry: eng/Karachev__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Karachev
trans_list: [[карачевский|Кара́чевское]] [[княжество|Кня́жество]]
sense:
(fully the Principality of Karachev) A historical polity in Eastern Europe, one of the Upper Oka Principalities, existing 1246–p. 1360.


lexentry: eng/Karachi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karachi
trans_list: Кара́чи | Карачи
sense:
The largest city in Pakistan situated along the Arabian Sea, as well as the provincial capital of Sindh Province.


lexentry: eng/Karakalpakstan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karakalpakstan
trans_list: Каракалпа́кия | Каракалпакста́н
sense:
An autonomous republic in northwestern Uzbekistan, bordering Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan. Official name: Republic of Karakalpakstan. Capital: Nukus.


lexentry: eng/Kare__Proper_noun__7
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kare
trans_list: Карое
sense:
A village in Mykolaivka settlement hromada, Berezivka Raion, Odesa Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1918.


lexentry: eng/Karelia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karelia
trans_list: Каре́лия | Карелия
sense:
A historical region of Northern Europe, located to the north of Saint Petersburg and politically split between Russia and Finland.


lexentry: eng/Karelia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Karelia
trans_list: Каре́лия | Карелия
sense:
A republic and federal subject of Russia. Official name: Republic of Karelia. Capital: Petrozavodsk.


lexentry: eng/Karelian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karelian
trans_list: каре́льский | карельский
sense:
Of, from or relating to the region of Karelia, politically split between the administrative regions of North Karelia and South Karelia, Finland and the Republic of Karelia, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Karelian_pasty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karelian pasty
trans_list: каре́льский пирожо́к
sense:
A traditional pasty from Karelia, usually with a rye crust and now most often eaten with a mixture of boiled eggs and butter.


lexentry: eng/Karelo-Finnish_SSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karelo-Finnish SSR
trans_list: Карело-Финская ССР
sense:
(historical) A short-lived republic of the Soviet Union with its capital in Petrozavodsk (1940–1956).


lexentry: eng/Karen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karen
trans_list: тупая пизда | хабалка
sense:
(slang, derogatory, originally, _, AAVE) A middle-aged white woman who exhibits a strong sense of white privilege and entitlement—often rooted in racism against minority races—and frequently targets or antagonizes individuals who face greater societal challenges or must work significantly harder than she.


lexentry: eng/Karin_Tak__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karin Tak
trans_list: Кари́н Так
sense:
A village in Artsakh (a former unrecognized state, now annexed by Azerbaijan and, as a result, abandoned by its population).


lexentry: eng/Karluk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karluk
trans_list: карлук
sense:
A member of a nomadic Turkic tribal confederacy residing in Kara-Irtysh and the Tarbagatai Mountains, closely related to the Uyghurs.


lexentry: eng/Karst__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Karst
trans_list: Крас
sense:
A mountainous karst plateau in northeastern Italy and southwestern Slovenia; in full, Karst Plateau.


lexentry: eng/Kartvelian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kartvelian
trans_list: картвел | картвелка
sense:
A member of a group of related peoples in the South Caucasus, namely Georgians, Svans, Mingrelians and Laz.


lexentry: eng/Kashmir_Valley__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kashmir Valley
trans_list: Кашми́рская доли́на
sense:
A valley around 135 km long and 32 km wide, formed by the Jhelum river, located between the Karakoram and the Pir Panjal Range, within the central Indian-controlled part of the disputed region of Kashmir.


lexentry: eng/Kashmir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kashmir
trans_list: Кашми́р | Кашмир
sense:
A contested geographic region of South Asia in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, located between (and de facto divided between) India, Pakistan and China.


lexentry: eng/Katharevousa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Katharevousa
trans_list: кафаре́вуса
sense:
A learned, archaising form of Modern Greek, based on Classical Greek and used for formal and official purposes; it was legally displaced as the official language of Greece in 1976 by Demotic Greek.


lexentry: eng/Katyusha__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Katyusha
trans_list: катю́ша
sense:
A type of artillery rocket launcher consisting of an array of rockets mounted on a truck, originated in the Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/Kawi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kawi
trans_list: кави
sense:
A literary and prose language based on Old Javanese with a large number of Sanskrit loanwords, and used on the islands of Java, Bali, and Lombok; or the script used in writing this language.


lexentry: eng/Kazakh_SSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kazakh SSR
trans_list: Каза́хская ССР
sense:
Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, the name for the Republic of Kazakhstan while under the rule of the Soviet Union (1936–1991).


lexentry: eng/Kechror__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kechror
trans_list: Кечрор
sense:
(historical) A town in medieval Armenia in the Gabeghyank canton of the Ayrarat province of Greater Armenia. Its exact location is unknown. Most likely it was located at the site of (or near) the later town of Kechvan in the Kağızman Okrug of the Kars Oblast. The monastery complex Tzarakar was located near Kechror.


lexentry: eng/Kemalist__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kemalist
trans_list: кемали́стский
sense:
Of or pertaining to the ideology of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk; following the ideals of Kemalism, including separation of the new Turkish state from its Ottoman predecessor and the embracement of Western-style democracy and secularism.


lexentry: eng/Kenneth__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kenneth
trans_list: Ке́ннет
sense:
A en given name, originally used in Scotland, popular in all English-speaking countries in the 20th century.


lexentry: eng/Kent__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kent
trans_list: Кент
sense:
A maritime county in southeast England bordered by East Sussex, Surrey, Greater London, the North Sea and the English Channel.


lexentry: eng/Kentish_plover__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kentish plover
trans_list: морской зуёк
sense:
Charadrius alexandrinus, a small wader that breeds in a wide range, from southern Europe to Japan and in Ecuador, Peru, Chile, the southern United States and the Caribbean, but not including Kent.


lexentry: eng/Kentucky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kentucky
trans_list: Кенту́кки | Кентукки
sense:
A state of the United States. Capital: Frankfort. Largest city: Louisville. Formally known as the Commonwealth of Kentucky, one of four such states known as Commonwealths.


lexentry: eng/Kentucky_coffeetree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kentucky coffeetree
trans_list: бунду́к двудо́мный | бунду́к кана́дский | кентукки́йское кофе́йное де́рево
sense:
A widely-dispersed but rare tree, of species Gymnocladus dioicus, native to the midwest of North America.


lexentry: eng/Kepler's_equation__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kepler's equation
trans_list: уравне́ние Ке́плера
sense:
(astronomy, celestial mechanics) the mathematical relationship between the mean anomaly (M) and the eccentric anomaly (E) of a planet in an elliptical orbit with eccentricity ( \textstyle \epsilon ). M = E - \epsilon \cdot \sin(E).


lexentry: eng/Kerch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kerch
trans_list: Керчь
sense:
A port city in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, but de facto controlled by Russia.


lexentry: eng/Kermanshah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kermanshah
trans_list: Керманша́х
sense:
A city in Iran, the seat of Kermanshah County's Central District and the capital of Kermanshah Province.


lexentry: eng/Kerry__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Kerry
trans_list: Ке́рри
sense:
A surname from Middle English derived from the place name, or from the Middle English given name Kendrick.


lexentry: eng/Keynesianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Keynesianism
trans_list: кейнсиа́нство
sense:
(economics) A prescriptive or normative economic stance according to which the state should actively stimulate economic growth and improve stability in the private sector through interest rates, taxation and public projects.


lexentry: eng/Khakas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khakas
trans_list: хака́сский | хака́сы
sense:
A Turkic-speaking people in South Central Siberia, who lives along the upper reach of the Yenisei River north of the Sayan Mountains.


lexentry: eng/Khakassia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khakassia
trans_list: Хака́сия | Хакасия
sense:
A republic and federal subject of central south Russia. Official name: Republic of Khakassia. Capital: Abakan.


lexentry: eng/Kham__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kham
trans_list: Кам | Кхам
sense:
One of the three traditional regions of Tibet, covering a land area largely divided between eastern parts of the Tibet Autonomous Region, western parts of Sichuan, and smaller parts of Qinghai and Yunnan.


lexentry: eng/Khan_Younus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Khan Younus
trans_list: Хан-Ю́нис
sense:
A city, the capital of Khan Younus governorate, Southern Gaza, Gaza Strip, Palestine, Israel, Levant.


lexentry: eng/Khan_Younus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Khan Younus
trans_list: Хан-Ю́нис
sense:
A settlement, a refugee camp in Khan Younus governorate, Southern Gaza, Gaza Strip, Palestine, Israel, Levant, lying next to the eponymous city of Khan Younus.


lexentry: eng/Khanty__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khanty
trans_list: ханты́йский
sense:
The Ob-Ugric language spoken by these people, now more often considered a group of closely related languages.


lexentry: eng/Kharkiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kharkiv
trans_list: Ха́рьков | Харьков
sense:
(city) An industrial city, the administrative centre of Kharkiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, in eastern Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Khatsyetava__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khatsyetava
trans_list: Хоте́тово
sense:
A hamlet in Harbavichy sielsaviet, Chavusy Raion, Mahilyow Oblast, Belarus, first mentioned in 1619.


lexentry: eng/Khazar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khazar
trans_list: хаза́р | хаза́рка
sense:
A member of a semi-nomadic Turkic tribe that occupied a large part of southwestern Russia and Ukraine (Khazaria).


lexentry: eng/Khazaria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khazaria
trans_list: Хаза́рия
sense:
(historical) A polity, established in medieval Eurasia by Khazars, that occupied much of modern-day European Russia, western Kazakhstan, eastern Ukraine, Azerbaijan, large portions of the northern Caucasus, parts of Georgia, the Crimea, and northeastern Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Kherson__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kherson
trans_list: Херсо́н | Херсон
sense:
A port city, a municipal and regional administrative centre of Kherson raion, Kherson oblast, Ukraine, located on the Dnieper/Dnipro.


lexentry: eng/Khinalug__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khinalug
trans_list: хиналу́гский
sense:
A Northeast Caucasian language spoken mainly in the villages of Khinalug and Qalayxudat just north of Quba (Quba Rayon, Azerbaijan).


lexentry: eng/Khitan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khitan
trans_list: кида́нец | кида́нь | кида́нька
sense:
A member of the Mongolic people who ruled Manchuria, then northern China as the Liao, then Central Asia as the Qara Khitais, from the 9th to 13th century C.E.


lexentry: eng/Khiva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khiva
trans_list: Хива́
sense:
A small historical town in present-day Uzbekistan, former capital of Khwarezm, and a former khanate.


lexentry: eng/Khmer_Rouge__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khmer Rouge
trans_list: кра́сные кхме́ры
sense:
(historical) A Cambodian communist guerrilla force active from the 1970s to the 1990s under the leadership of Pol Pot.


lexentry: eng/Khojaly__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khojaly
trans_list: Ходжалы́
sense:
A town of Artsakh (a former unrecognized state, now annexed by Azerbaijan and, as a result, abandoned by its population).


lexentry: eng/Khorasan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khorasan
trans_list: Хораса́н
sense:
(historical) The Sassanian and post-Islamic Persian name for the region of Parthia located in north east of Persia (Iran), sometimes covering also parts of Central Asia and Afghanistan; the Greater Khorasan.


lexentry: eng/Khotetova__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khotetova
trans_list: Хоте́това
sense:
A hamlet in Koptevskoye rural settlement, Znamensky Raion, Oryol Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Khotetovo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khotetovo
trans_list: Хоте́тово
sense:
A village in Yamskoye rural settlement, Bolkhovsky Raion, Oryol Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, founded in or before the fourteenth century.


lexentry: eng/Khotetovo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Khotetovo
trans_list: Хоте́тово
sense:
A hamlet in Yakovlevskoye rural settlement, Sverdlovsky Raion, Oryol Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, first mentioned in 1696.


lexentry: eng/Khotetovo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Khotetovo
trans_list: Хоте́тово
sense:
A hamlet in Voskresenskoye municipal formation, Dubensky Raion, Tula Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, founded in the fifteenth century, first mentioned in 1616.


lexentry: eng/Khrushchev__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khrushchev
trans_list: Хрущёв
sense:
English transliteration of the Russian surname Хрущёв; usually refers to the Russian revolutionary and Soviet Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) Nikita Khrushchev.


lexentry: eng/Khudykivtsi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khudykivtsi
trans_list: Худыковский [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | Худыковский [[сѐльсове́т]]
sense:
(historical) A silrada of Borshchiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine, amalgamated into Melnytsia-Podilska settlement hromada in July 2015. Administrative centre and sole constituent settlement: Khudykivtsi.


lexentry: eng/Khudykivtsi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Khudykivtsi
trans_list: Худыковцы
sense:
A village in Melnytsia-Podilska settlement hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1410.


lexentry: eng/Kierkegaardian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kierkegaardian
trans_list: кьеркего́ровский
sense:
(philosophy) Of or pertaining to the Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard (1813–1855) or his existentialist philosophy.


lexentry: eng/Kievan_Rus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kievan Rus
trans_list: Ки́евская Русь
sense:
(historical) A medieval principality in Eastern Europe centred around Kyiv; at its maximum extent covering much of modern Ukraine, Belarus and western Russia and considered an early predecessor of each country.


lexentry: eng/Killing_Fields__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Killing Fields
trans_list: поля́ сме́рти
sense:
A number of sites in Cambodia where mass slaughter of some 2,000,000 people was carried out by the Khmer Rouge in the late 1970s.


lexentry: eng/King_Arthur__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: King Arthur
trans_list: Коро́ль Арту́р
sense:
A legendary king of Britain, said to have led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the early 6th century.


lexentry: eng/King_James_Version__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: King James Version
trans_list: Библия короля Якова
sense:
(biblical, Christianity) An English translation, published in 1611, of the Bible from the original Hebrew (Old Testament) and Greek (New Testament) commissioned for the Church of England, which is the version most quoted and influential in English literature and English Protestant religious culture.


lexentry: eng/Kingdom_of_Denmark__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kingdom of Denmark
trans_list: Короле́вство Да́ния | Королевство Дания
sense:
Official name of Denmark or the Danish Realm: a country consisting of metropolitan Denmark ("Denmark proper") in Western Europe as well as the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland off the coast of North America.


lexentry: eng/Kingdom_of_England__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kingdom of England
trans_list: Королевство Англия
sense:
A kingdom in western Europe, from the early 900s until the foundation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on 1 May 1707.


lexentry: eng/Kingdom_of_Heaven__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kingdom of Heaven
trans_list: Ца́рствие Бо́жие | Ца́рство небе́сное
sense:
(Christianity) A concept of heaven as a hierarchical dominion with God at the top and a court of saints, archangels and angels.


lexentry: eng/Kingdom_of_Scotland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kingdom of Scotland
trans_list: Королевство Шотландия
sense:
A kingdom in western Europe, until the foundation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on the First of May 1707.


lexentry: eng/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kingdom of Yugoslavia
trans_list: Королевство Югосла́вия
sense:
(historical) Former official name of Yugoslavia: a former country in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula; in use in the interwar period (1929–1943), after the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1929).


lexentry: eng/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kingdom of the Netherlands
trans_list: Короле́вство Нидерла́нды
sense:
Official name of the Netherlands: a country consisting of the Netherlands per se, in Western Europe, as well as three other small island countries in the Caribbean, namely Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten.


lexentry: eng/Kinshasa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kinshasa
trans_list: Кинша́са | Киншаса
sense:
The capital and largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire), in the western part of the country on the Congo River.


lexentry: eng/Kipchak__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kipchak
trans_list: кипча́к | кыпча́к
sense:
(historical) a member of a nomadic Turkic tribal confederation that overran the Eurasian steppe in mid-11th century.


lexentry: eng/Kiribati__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kiribati
trans_list: Кириба́ти | Кирибати
sense:
A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania. Official name: Republic of Kiribati. Capital and largest city: South Tarawa.


lexentry: eng/Kirtland's_warbler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kirtland's warbler
trans_list: древе́сница Ки́ртланда | мичига́нский лесно́й певу́н
sense:
a small songbird, Setophaga kirtlandii, that nests in Michigan, United States and winters in the Bahamas


lexentry: eng/Kita__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kita
trans_list: Итаба́си
sense:
A special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan that is surrounded by (clockwise from north) Saitama Prefecture, Adachi, Arakawa, Bunkyō, Toshima, and Itabashi special wards.


lexentry: eng/Kitezh__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kitezh
trans_list: Ки́теж
sense:
(Slavic mythology, folklore) A city in Russian folklore that was believed to have disappeared under a lake, to avoid being conquered by the Mongols.


lexentry: eng/Kitti's_hog-nosed_bat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kitti's hog-nosed bat
trans_list: свиноносая летучая мышь
sense:
Craseonycteris thonglongyai, a small bat with a distinctive pig-like snout, found in western Thailand and southeast Burma.


lexentry: eng/Klein_bottle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Klein bottle
trans_list: буты́лка Клейна
sense:
(topology) The closed manifold obtained by identifying the boundary components of the annulus so that the resultant surface is nonorientable.


lexentry: eng/Klingon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Klingon
trans_list: клингон | клингонец | клингонка
sense:
(countable) A member of an alien warrior race in the Star Trek universe with distinctive forehead ridges and a culture based on the strict observance of honor, loyalty, and combat.


lexentry: eng/Klondike__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Klondike
trans_list: Клонда́йк
sense:
A region of Yukon, Canada, surrounding the river, in and around Dawson City, replete with goldfields.


lexentry: eng/Klyazma__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Klyazma
trans_list: Кля́зьма
sense:
A river wholly within Russia, originating near Solnechnogorsk (Moscow Oblast) in the Moscow Uplands, whence it flows into and through Vladimir Oblast, approximately delineating its border with Ivanovo Oblast from near Repniki to near Mstyora, before returning to Vladimir’s interior, and thereafter approximately delineating its border with Nizhny Novgorod Oblast from near the point at which the river is bridged by the Volga Highway (E22) to its confluence with the Oka, whereof it forms a left tributary.


lexentry: eng/Knights_Templar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Knights Templar
trans_list: Орден Тамплиеров
sense:
(historical) A chiefly military order of medieval knights that existed for nearly two centuries during the Crusades


lexentry: eng/Koblenz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Koblenz
trans_list: Кобленц
sense:
An independent city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, at the confluence of the Rhine and Moselle Rivers.


lexentry: eng/Kodiak_bear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kodiak bear
trans_list: кадья́к
sense:
The largest brown bear, Ursus arctos middendorffi, found on Kodiak Island off the south coast of Alaska, United States.


lexentry: eng/Koine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Koine
trans_list: койне́
sense:
The “common” Greek language that developed and flourished between 300 B.C.E. and 300 C.E. (the time of the Roman Empire), and from which Modern Greek descended. It was based on the Attic and Ionian dialects of Ancient Greek.


lexentry: eng/Kola_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kola Peninsula
trans_list: Ко́ла | Ко́льский полуо́стров | Му́рман | Терь
sense:
A peninsula in Murmansk Oblast, in the far north of Russia. It borders upon the Barents Sea on the north and the White Sea on the east and south.


lexentry: eng/Kolodiazi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Kolodiazi
trans_list: Колодези
sense:
A former village in Velyka Rudka silrada, Dykanka Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, disestablished in July 1990.


lexentry: eng/Komi-Permyak_Autonomous_Okrug__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug
trans_list: Коми-Пермяцкий автономный округ
sense:
(historical) an autonomous okrug of Russia within Perm Oblast; now part of Komi-Permyak Okrug, Perm Krai


lexentry: eng/Komi-Permyak_Okrug__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komi-Permyak Okrug
trans_list: Ко́ми-Пермя́цкий о́круг
sense:
(historical, Soviet Union) a Russian territory with special status located within Perm Krai; known as Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug until December 1, 2005


lexentry: eng/Komi-Permyak__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komi-Permyak
trans_list: ко́ми-пермя́цкий | пермя́цкий
sense:
A Permic language in the Finno-Ugric branch of the Uralic language family, smaller of the two main regional varieties (ISO 639-3 language code: koi) of the pluricentrical Komi language, the other variety being Komi-Zyrian. It's the standard language of Komi people in Komi-Permyak Okrug.


lexentry: eng/Komi-Yazva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komi-Yazva
trans_list: ко́ми-я́зьвинский | ко́ми-я́зьвинский я́зык
sense:
A Permic language in the Finno-Ugric branch of the Uralic language family, smallest of the three regional varieties of the pluricentrical macrolanguage Komi, the other two being Komi-Zyrian and Komi-Permyak.


lexentry: eng/Komi-Zyrian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komi-Zyrian
trans_list: зыря́нский | ко́ми | ко́ми-зыря́нский
sense:
A Uralic language, the more common of the two main regional varieties of the pluricentric Komi language, the other variety being Komi-Permyak. It's the standard language of Komi people in Komi Republic and, along with Russian, an official language in the republic.


lexentry: eng/Komi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komi
trans_list: ко́ми
sense:
A member of an ethnic group chiefly consisting of Komi speakers and descendants of Komi speakers who don't speak the language.


lexentry: eng/Komi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komi
trans_list: ко́ми
sense:
A Finno-Ugric language currently spoken by 200,000 to 400,000 people, depending on source and definition of "speaker", in northeastern European part of Russia.


lexentry: eng/Komodo_dragon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komodo dragon
trans_list: комо́дский вара́н
sense:
Any of the endangered species Varanus komodoensis of monitor lizards native to certain Indonesian islands east of Java, the world's largest lizard, growing to 10 feet or 3 meters, known for its ability to kill prey with its septic saliva.


lexentry: eng/Komsomol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komsomol
trans_list: комсомо́л
sense:
(historical) Young Communist League, the former youth wing of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/Komsomolsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Komsomolsk
trans_list: Комсомо́льск | Комсомо́льск-на-Аму́ре
sense:
A city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, on the Amur river; in full, Komsomolsk-na-Amure or Komsomolsk-on-Amur.


lexentry: eng/Konstanz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Konstanz
trans_list: Констанц
sense:
A city and district in Baden-Württemberg, south Germany, on Lake Constance, and on the border with Switzerland.


lexentry: eng/Korea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Korea
trans_list: Коре́я | Корея
sense:
A geographic region consisting of two countries in East Asia, commonly known as South Korea and North Korea; formerly a single country.


lexentry: eng/Korean_War__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Korean War
trans_list: Коре́йская война́
sense:
(historical) A war fought in the Korean Peninsula from 1950–1953 between the Soviet Union-backed Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the United Nations-backed Republic of Korea.


lexentry: eng/Korean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Korean
trans_list: [[коре́йский]] [[язы́к]] | коре́йский | корейский язык
sense:
(uncountable) Official language of the people residing on the Korean Peninsula, and language of approximately 60 million people, in Asia, North America, and elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/Korean_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Korean studies
trans_list: корееве́дение
sense:
(humanities) An academic discipline that includes the study of literature written in the Korean language, Korean linguistics, and Korean sociolinguistics.


lexentry: eng/Koryak_Autonomous_Okrug__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Koryak Autonomous Okrug
trans_list: Коря́кский автоно́мный о́круг
sense:
a former federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug) with a center at Palana; now part of Kamchatka Oblast


lexentry: eng/Koschei__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Koschei
trans_list: Каще́й | Коще́й | Коще́й Бессме́ртный
sense:
(Slavic mythology) An archetypal male antagonist, described mainly as abducting the hero's wife, and sometimes represented as a skeleton.


lexentry: eng/Kosovo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kosovo
trans_list: Ко́сово | Косово
sense:
A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of Kosovo. Capital and largest city: Pristina. Considered by the Republic of Serbia to be one of its two autonomous provinces.


lexentry: eng/Kosovo_and_Metohia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kosovo and Metohia
trans_list: Ко́сово и Метохия
sense:
An autonomous province of Serbia; a term used of Kosovo by those who do not recognize the Republic of Kosovo.


lexentry: eng/Kotlyne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kotlyne
trans_list: Ко́тлино
sense:
A rural settlement in Pokrovsk urban hromada, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, incorporated in 1969.


lexentry: eng/Kozachi_Laheri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Kozachi Laheri
trans_list: Каза́чьи Ла́гери
sense:
A village in Hornostaivka settlement hromada, Kakhovka Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1910.


lexentry: eng/Kraken__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kraken
trans_list: [[морской|морско́е]] [[чудо́вище]] | кра́кен
sense:
(Norse mythology) A colossal sea monster that attacks ships and sailors, often portrayed as a giant octopus or squid.


lexentry: eng/Krakow__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Krakow
trans_list: Кра́ков
sense:
A city on the Vistula River, the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland and the former capital (until 1596) of Poland as a whole.


lexentry: eng/Kramatorsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kramatorsk
trans_list: Крамато́рск
sense:
A city in Kramatorsk urban hromada, Kramatorsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, in eastern Ukraine; seat of the Donetsk province.


lexentry: eng/Krasnaya_Yaruga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Krasnaya Yaruga
trans_list: Краснояружский [[райо́н]]
sense:
An urban settlement of the raion of the same name of Belgorod Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, established in December 2004.


lexentry: eng/Krasnaya_Yaruga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Krasnaya Yaruga
sense:
An urban-type settlement, the administrative centre of both the urban settlement and the raion of the same name in Belgorod Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, first mentioned in 1681.

trans_list:
[[городской|Городско́е]] [[поселе́ние]] «Посёлок [[Кра́сная Яру́га]]» | Кра́сная Яру́га | Краснояружский [[райо́н]]


lexentry: eng/Krasnodar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Krasnodar
trans_list: Краснода́р | Краснодар
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Krasnodar Krai, Russia, called Yekaterinodar before December 1920.


lexentry: eng/Krebs_cycle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Krebs cycle
trans_list: цикл трикарбоновых кислот
sense:
(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A series of enzymatic reactions that occurs in all aerobic organisms, involving the oxidative metabolism of acetyl units, and serving as the main source of cellular energy.


lexentry: eng/Kremlin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kremlin
trans_list: Кремль
sense:
The Moscow Kremlin; a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia that serves as the official residence of the President of the Russian Federation.


lexentry: eng/Krnov__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Krnov
trans_list: Крнов
sense:
An Upper Silesian town on the River Opava in the northeastern Czech Republic, near the Polish border.


lexentry: eng/Kronstadt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kronstadt
trans_list: Кроншта́дт | Кронштадт
sense:
A municipal town near Saint Petersburg, Russia. Located on Kotlin Island (also known as Retusaari or Reitskär).


lexentry: eng/Kuala_Lumpur__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kuala Lumpur
trans_list: Куала-Лу́мпур
sense:
A federal territory, the capital and largest city of Malaysia, located in the western part of the country.


lexentry: eng/Kuban__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Kuban
trans_list: Кубань | Куба́нь
sense:
(by extension) a geographic region of Southern Russia surrounding the Kuban River, on the Black Sea between the Don Steppe, Volga delta and the Caucasus.


lexentry: eng/Kufic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kufic
trans_list: Куфическое
sense:
Original form of Arabic script, consisting of a modified form of Old South Arabian and old Nabataean scripts.


lexentry: eng/Kuiper_belt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kuiper belt
trans_list: по́яс Ко́йпера
sense:
(astronomy) A region of space between thirty and fifty astronomical units from the Sun, roughly confined within a thick band around the ecliptic of the Solar System, and populated by many thousands of trans-Neptunian objects.


lexentry: eng/Kuiper_belt_object__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kuiper belt object
trans_list: оПК | объе́кт по́яса Ко́йпера
sense:
(astronomy) A trans-Neptunian object (TNO) (a type of minor planet) that has an orbit in the Kuiper belt (between 30-50 AU) with inclinations consistent with the ecliptic.


lexentry: eng/Kumārajīva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kumārajīva
trans_list: Кумараджива
sense:
Buddhist monk (334–413 CE), scholar and translator from the Kingdom of Kucha, mostly remembered for translating Buddhist texts written in Sanskrit to Chinese.


lexentry: eng/Kuomintang__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kuomintang
trans_list: Гоминьда́н
sense:
A nationalist political party founded under Sun Yat-sen in 1912 that ruled mainland China from 1928 to 1949, now one of three major parties in the Republic of China (Taiwan).


lexentry: eng/Kupiansk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kupiansk
sense:
(historical) A povit of, successively, the Voronezh Viceroyalty and then the Voronezh, Sloboda Ukraine and Kharkov Governorates of the Russian Empire, and then of the Kharkiv Governorate of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic; established in 1779, abolished in 1923.

trans_list:
[[купянский|Ку́пянская]] [[во́лость]] | [[купянский|Ку́пянский]] [[о́круг]] | [[купянский|Ку́пянский]] [[райо́н]] | [[купянский|Ку́пянский]] [[уе́зд]]


lexentry: eng/Kupiansk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kupiansk
trans_list: [[купянский|Ку́пянская]] [[во́лость]]
sense:
(historical) A volost of Kupiansk povit, Russian Empire and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, extant at least as early as 1885 and at least as late as 1913.


lexentry: eng/Kupiansk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kupiansk
trans_list: [[купянский|Ку́пянская]] [[городской|городска́я]] [[общи́на]] | Ку́пянск
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Kupiansk urban hromada, Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1655.


lexentry: eng/Kupiansk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kupiansk
trans_list: [[купянский|Ку́пянский]] [[райо́н]]
sense:
A raion of Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, established in March 1923, subordinate to the okruha of the same name of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic until June 1930, and considerably enlarged in July 2020.


lexentry: eng/Kupyanka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kupyanka
trans_list: Купя́нка
sense:
A village in Popovka rural settlement, Boguchar Raion, Voronezh Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, founded as a khutor in 1846.


lexentry: eng/Kurd__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kurd
trans_list: курд | курдка
sense:
A member of the linguistically and culturally distinct people who speak Kurdish and mainly inhabit those parts of Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria sometimes known as Kurdistan.


lexentry: eng/Kurdish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kurdish
trans_list: ку́рдский | ку́рдский язы́к | курдский
sense:
Family of Indo-Iranian languages of Kurdistan (in the Mesopotamia region, from the Zagros of mid-western Iran to the eastern extension of the chain of the Taurus Mountains).


lexentry: eng/Kurdistan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kurdistan
trans_list: Курдиста́н | Курдистан
sense:
A cultural region in West Asia inhabited mostly by the Kurds, encompassing parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria.


lexentry: eng/Kurgan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Kurgan
trans_list: Курга́н
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Kurgan Oblast, Russia. Originally called Tsaryovo Gorodishche (Russian Царёво Городи́ще n (Carjóvo Gorodíšče)) (1662-1782).


lexentry: eng/Kuril_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kuril Islands
trans_list: Кури́лы | Кури́льские острова́
sense:
An archipelago between Japan and Kamchatka, Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Kurmanji__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kurmanji
trans_list: курманджи́ | северноку́рдский
sense:
The Kurdish language with the largest number of speakers, spoken in Turkey, Syria, northernmost Iraq, and parts of Iran and Central Asia.


lexentry: eng/Kursk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kursk
trans_list: Курск | [[курский|Ку́рский]] [[кра́тер]]
sense:
A city in Kursk Oblast, the administrative centre of Kursky Raion and Kursk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, first mentioned in 1032, scene in 1943 of the largest battle in human history.


lexentry: eng/Kursk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kursk
trans_list: [[курский|Ку́рская]] [[магнитный|магни́тная]] [[анома́лия]]
sense:
A magnetic anomaly in Chernozemye, Russia, first discovered in 1773, the largest magnetic anomaly on Earth.


lexentry: eng/Kursk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Kursk
trans_list: Курск
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Kursky selsoviet, Kulundinsky Raion, Altai Krai, Siberian Federal District, Russia, founded in 1909.


lexentry: eng/Kursk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Kursk
trans_list: Курск
sense:
A hamlet in Bolshevrudskoye rural settlement, Volosovsky Raion, Leningrad Oblast, Northwestern Federal District, Russia, first mentioned in 1500 in Dmitry Kitayev’s Scribe book of the Votian fifth for the year 7008 A.M..


lexentry: eng/Kursk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Kursk
trans_list: Курск
sense:
A settlement in Bolshevrudskoye rural settlement, Volosovsky Raion, Leningrad Oblast, Northwestern Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Kutaisi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kutaisi
trans_list: Кутаи́си
sense:
The third-most populous city of Georgia and the capital of Imereti region, located on the Rioni river.


lexentry: eng/Kyakhta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kyakhta
trans_list: Кя́хта
sense:
A town, the administrative centre of the Kyakhtinsky District, Buryatia, Russia, on the border between Russia and Mongolia.


lexentry: eng/Kyrgyz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic__Proper_noun__1
written_rep: Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic
trans_list:
Кирги́зская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика | Кыргызская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика


lexentry: eng/Kyrgyzstan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kyrgyzstan
trans_list: Кирги́зия | Киргизста́н | Кыргызста́н | Киргизия
sense:
A country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China. Official name: Kyrgyz Republic. Capital: Bishkek.


lexentry: eng/Kyslivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Kyslivka
trans_list: Ки́словка
sense:
A village in Tarashcha urban hromada, Bila Tserkva Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in the seventeenth century.


lexentry: eng/Kyzyl_Kum__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Kyzyl Kum
trans_list: Кызылку́м
sense:
a large desert in Central Asia in the doab between the rivers Amu Darya and Syr Darya, divided between Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan


lexentry: eng/LGBT__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
sense: Being lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender, or relating to these groups as a collective.
written_rep: LGBT
trans_list:
ЛГБТ | [[лесбиянка|лесбия́нки]], [[гей|ге́и]], [[бисексуал|бисексуа́лы]] и [[трансгендер|трансге́ндеры]]


lexentry: eng/LaVeyan_Satanism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: LaVeyan Satanism
trans_list: сатани́зм ЛаВе́я
sense:
The atheistic religion of the Church of Satan, which is characterized by materialism and rejects all things supernatural, such as body and soul dualism and the concept of life after death.


lexentry: eng/La_Niña__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: La Niña
trans_list: Ла-Ни́нья
sense:
(sometimes, attributive) A sustained negative sea-surface temperature anomaly of more than 0.5°C across the equatorial zone of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean; the negative phase of the multi-year ENSO cycle, which causes variations in local and regional weather patterns.


lexentry: eng/La_Pérouse_Strait__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: La Pérouse Strait
trans_list: проли́в Лаперу́за
sense:
A strait dividing the Russian island of Sakhalin in the north from the Japanese island of Hokkaido, and connecting the Sea of Japan on the west with the Sea of Okhotsk on the east.


lexentry: eng/La_Rochelle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: La Rochelle
trans_list: Ла-Рошель
sense:
A port city, the capital of Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France, on the Bay of Biscay, formerly in Poitou-Charentes.


lexentry: eng/La_Trobe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: La Trobe
trans_list: Ла Троба
sense:
A university in Melbourne, Victoria named after Charles La Trobe, the first lieutenant-governor of Victoria, Australia.


lexentry: eng/Labour_Party__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Labour Party
trans_list: лейбори́стская па́ртия | рабо́чая па́ртия
sense:
Any of various political parties that aim to advance the interests of the working class, often characterised by left-of-centre politics and support for organised labour.


lexentry: eng/Labrador__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Labrador
trans_list: Лабрадо́р
sense:
(chiefly, historical) A geographic region, including the mainland portion of Newfoundland and Labrador and neighbouring regions of what is now the province of Quebec.


lexentry: eng/Labrador_duck__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Labrador duck
trans_list: лабрадо́рская га́га
sense:
†Camptorhynchus labradorius, an extinct sea duck that was never common, believed to be the first bird to become extinct in North America after 1500.


lexentry: eng/Lacerta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lacerta
trans_list: Я́щерица | Ящерица
sense:
(constellation) An inconspicuous autumn constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a lizard. It lies between the constellations of Cygnus and Andromeda.


lexentry: eng/Laconia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Laconia
trans_list: Лако́ния
sense:
A city, the county seat of Belknap County, New Hampshire; named for the Laconia Car Company, a railroad car manufacturer.


lexentry: eng/Lada__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Lada
trans_list: Жигули́ | Ла́да
sense:
A make of car, produced by the Soviet/Russian automotive manufacturer AvtoVAZ; the car's name for the internal Soviet/Russian market is Zhiguli (Жигули́).


lexentry: eng/Ladin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ladin
trans_list: ладинский
sense:
A Rhaeto-Romance language (or dialect continuum), spoken primarily in the Italian portion of Tyrol and the Dolomite Mountains in Northern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Ladino__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ladino
trans_list: лади́но | сефа́рдский
sense:
A Romance language mainly spoken by Sephardic Jews (Wikipedia), derived mainly from Old Castilian (Spanish) and Hebrew.


lexentry: eng/Ladoga__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ladoga
trans_list: Ла́дога | Ла́дожское о́зеро
sense:
A freshwater lake located in the Republic of Karelia and Leningrad Oblast in northwestern Russia, not far from Saint Petersburg. It is the largest lake in Europe.


lexentry: eng/Ladoga_ringed_seal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ladoga ringed seal
trans_list: ла́дожская не́рпа
sense:
A freshwater subspecies of the ringed seal, which are found entirely in Lake Ladoga in northwestern Russia, Pusa hispida ladogensis.


lexentry: eng/Lady__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lady
trans_list: госпожа́ | да́ма | ле́ди
sense:
An aristocratic title for a woman; the wife of a lord and/or a woman who holds the position in her own right; a title for a peeress, the wife of a peer or knight, and the daughters and daughters-in-law of certain peers.


lexentry: eng/Lagrange_point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lagrange point
trans_list: то́чка Лагра́нжа
sense:
(astrophysics, orbital mechanics) A point in an orbital configuration of a two-body system where a small object affected only by gravity can theoretically be stationary relative to the two larger objects.


lexentry: eng/Lagrangian_function__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lagrangian function
trans_list: лагранжиа́н | фу́нкция Лагра́нжа
sense:
(mathematics) A function of the generalized coordinates and velocities of a dynamic system from which Lagrange's equations may be derived.


lexentry: eng/Lahore__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lahore
trans_list: Лахо́р
sense:
The second largest city of Pakistan and the provincial capital of Punjab; located on the Ravi river.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Constance__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Constance
trans_list: Бо́денское о́зеро | Ко́нстанцское о́зеро
sense:
A lake on the Rhine located at the intersection of Germany (Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg), Switzerland (St. Gallen, Thurgau and Schaffhausen) and Austria (Vorarlberg). It consists of two parts, the Obersee in the east and northwest (Überlinger See) and the much smaller Untersee in the west.


lexentry: eng/Lake_District__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake District
trans_list: озёрный край
sense:
A geographic area and national park in Cumbria, north-western England, characterised by its many lakes.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Geneva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Geneva
trans_list: [[о́зеро]] [[Лема́н]] | Жене́вское о́зеро
sense:
A large lake in Europe, mainly in Switzerland, but with most of its southern shore in France; the city of Geneva is situated at its south-west end.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Michigan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Michigan
trans_list: Мичига́н
sense:
One of the Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. Hydrologically, a bay of Lake Michigan–Huron.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Skadar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Skadar
trans_list: Скада́рское о́зеро | Шко́дер
sense:
The largest lake in the Balkans, located in the west of the peninsula on the border of Albania and Montenegro between the mountain of Rumija (and further aback the Adriatic Sea) to the southwest and marshland (and further aback the Prokletije) to the northeast.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Superior__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Superior
trans_list: Ве́рхнее о́зеро
sense:
A lake in North America; the largest of the Great Lakes and second largest lake and largest freshwater lake in the world by area.


lexentry: eng/Lake_Victoria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lake Victoria
trans_list: Викто́рия | озеро Викто́рия
sense:
The largest lake in Africa, with shoreline in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania; one of the African Great Lakes.


lexentry: eng/Lakota__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lakota
trans_list: лако́та
sense:
A member of a Native American tribe, also known as the Sioux, now living primarily on the Rosebud, Pine Ridge, Lower Brule, Standing Rock and Cheyenne River Reservations.


lexentry: eng/Lakshmi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lakshmi
trans_list: Лакшми́
sense:
The Hindu goddess of wealth, the consort of Vishnu and married to Rāma (in her incarnation as Sita) and Krishna (as Radha and Rukmini).


lexentry: eng/Lancashire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lancashire
trans_list: Ла́нкашир
sense:
A maritime county in the north-west of England bordered by the Irish Sea, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, West Yorkshire, North Yorkshire and Merseyside.


lexentry: eng/Landtag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Landtag
trans_list: краевой сейм
sense:
A representative assembly or parliament in German-speaking countries, with some legislative authority.


lexentry: eng/Languedoc-Roussillon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Languedoc-Roussillon
trans_list: Лангедок-Руссильон
sense:
A former administrative region of France, made up of Languedoc and Roussillon; in 2016, it became part of the administrative region of Occitania.


lexentry: eng/Lantern_Festival__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lantern Festival
trans_list: пра́здник фонаре́й
sense:
A festival marking the end of the Chinese New Year period, celebrated on the fifteenth day of the first month in the Chinese calendar when the first full moon of the year is seen (in February or early March).


lexentry: eng/Laocoön__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laocoön
trans_list: Лаоко́онт
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Trojan priest of Poseidon (or Apollo, depending on the author), whose rules he had defied (or whom he had otherwise offended), who tried to warn his fellow citizens against the Trojan horse. He was killed for this, along with his two sons, by giant snakes sent by Minerva (or Poseidon, or Apollo).


lexentry: eng/Laotian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laotian
trans_list: лао́сский | лаосский
sense:
Of, from, or pertaining to the Lao People's Democratic Republic, the Laotian people or the Laotian language.


lexentry: eng/Laozi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laozi
trans_list: Ла́о-цзы | Ла́оцзы
sense:
(Chinese history) An honorific title for the legendary Taoist philosopher Li Er, who supposedly lived in the 6th and 5th centuries BC and (Chinese mythology) has subsequently been worshipped as a Taoist god.


lexentry: eng/Laplace_operator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laplace operator
trans_list: лапласиа́н | опера́тор Лапла́са
sense:
(mathematics, physics) A differential operator,denoted ∆ and defined on \mathbb{R}^n as \Delta = \sum_{i=1}^n \frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i^2}, used in the modeling of wave propagation, heat flow and many other applications.


lexentry: eng/Laplace_transform__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laplace transform
trans_list: преобразова́ние Лапла́са
sense:
(mathematics) an integral transform of positive real function f(t) to a complex function F(s); given by:


lexentry: eng/Lapland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lapland
trans_list: Лапла́ндия | Лапландия
sense:
The northern parts of Scandinavia and Finland with the Kola Peninsula in Russia, traditionally inhabited by the Sami people.


lexentry: eng/Laptev_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laptev Sea
trans_list: мо́ре Ла́птевых | Море Лаптевых
sense:
A marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, located between the eastern coast of Siberia, the Taimyr Peninsula, the Severnaya Zemlya and the New Siberian Islands. The Kara Sea lies to the west, the East Siberian Sea to the east.


lexentry: eng/Larissa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Larissa
trans_list: Ла́риса | Лари́са
sense:
A city in western Asia Minor, close to the ancient Greek city of Smyrna and to present-day Menemen, Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Late_Antiquity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Late Antiquity
trans_list: по́здняя анти́чность
sense:
(history) The period of Mediterranean and Eurasian history from around the 3rd to the 7th centuries CE, marked especially by the transition from the Roman and Persian Empires to the Middle Ages and the Islamic and Byzantine civilizations.


lexentry: eng/Latin_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Latin America
trans_list: Лати́нская Аме́рика | Латинская Америка
sense:
(most often) A continental region consisting of those parts of the Americas located south of the United States where Spanish or Portuguese is predominantly spoken; sometimes including areas speaking French or French-based creoles.


lexentry: eng/Latin_Church__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latin Church
trans_list: Латинская церковь
sense:
(Catholicism) One of the 24 particular churches (sui juris) in full communion with the Holy See and the rest of the Catholic Church which uses the Latin liturgical rites.


lexentry: eng/Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latin
trans_list: [[лати́нский]] [[язы́к]] | латы́нь | латинский язык | латынь
sense:
(uncountable) The language of the ancient Romans, other Latins and of the Roman Catholic church, especially Classical Latin.


lexentry: eng/Latin_alphabet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latin alphabet
trans_list: лати́ница | лати́нский алфави́т
sense:
The 26-letter alphabet consisting of the following letters (presented in majuscule and minuscule pairs):


lexentry: eng/Latin_square__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latin square
trans_list: лати́нский квадра́т
sense:
(mathematics) An n-by-n arrangement of n different integers such that each row, each column and each of the two diagonals contains each of the integers once and once only.


lexentry: eng/Latinize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latinize
trans_list: латинизировать
sense:
(transitive) To translate something into the Latin language; or make a word similar in appearance or form to a Latin word.


lexentry: eng/Latino__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latino
trans_list: латино́с | латино́ска | латиноамерика́нец | латиноамерика́нка
sense:
(chiefly, US) A person, especially and usually (interpreted as) a male, from Latin America, a Hispanic person. (Compare Latina.)


lexentry: eng/Latium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latium
trans_list: Ла́ций
sense:
(historical) A historical region of central Italy, in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Latvian_SSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Latvian SSR
trans_list: Латви́йская ССР
sense:
Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic, the name of Latvia when it was a member republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1940–1941 and 1944–1991).


lexentry: eng/Laurasia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laurasia
trans_list: Лавра́зия
sense:
(geology) A supercontinent which included most of the landmasses making up today's continents of the Northern Hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/Laurel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Laurel
trans_list: лавр
sense:
(Mormonism) Formerly a 16- to 17-year-old participant in the Young Women organization of the LDS Church.


lexentry: eng/Lausanne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lausanne
trans_list: Лоза́нна | Лозанна
sense:
A municipality and city, the capital of Vaud canton, in western Switzerland, in which French is the main language.


lexentry: eng/Lazarev_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lazarev Sea
trans_list: мо́ре Ла́зарева
sense:
A marginal sea of the Southern Ocean. The Weddell Sea lies to the west, the Riiser-Larsen Sea to the east.


lexentry: eng/Lazarus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lazarus
trans_list: Ла́зарь | Лазарь
sense:
(biblical) Lazarus of Bethany, a man supposedly raised from the dead by Jesus Christ and later (Christianity) revered as a saint.


lexentry: eng/Lazarus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lazarus
trans_list: Ла́зарь | Лазарь
sense:
(biblical) A beggar in a parable by Jesus Christ, traditionally (Christianity) believed to have been a leper and often conflated with Lazarus of Bethany.


lexentry: eng/Lazio__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lazio
trans_list: Ла́цио
sense:
An administrative region of Italy, situated in the central peninsular section of the country with Rome as its capital. It corresponds to ancient Latium.


lexentry: eng/Le_Havre__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Le Havre
trans_list: Гавр | Ле-А́вр
sense:
A city and major port beside the mouth of the River Seine in Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, northern France.


lexentry: eng/League_of_Nations__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: League of Nations
trans_list: Ли́га На́ций | Лига Наций
sense:
An international organization founded as a result of the Treaty of Versailles, which ended the First World War. Its goals included disarmament, preventing war through collective security, settling disputes between countries through negotiation, diplomacy and improving global quality of life. The predecessor of the United Nations.


lexentry: eng/Leander__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Leander
trans_list: Леа́ндрос
sense:
(Greek mythology) The lover of Hero who swam every night across the Hellespont to meet her, and finally was drowned.


lexentry: eng/Leaving_Certificate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Leaving Certificate
trans_list: школьный выпускной экзамен
sense:
(Ireland) The certificate awarded to Irish students who pass the state examinations at the end of secondary school.


lexentry: eng/Lebanon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lebanon
trans_list: Ливан | Лива́н
sense:
A country in West Asia in the Middle East. Official name: Lebanese Republic. Capital: Beirut. Also (especially formerly) known as "the Lebanon".


lexentry: eng/Legalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Legalism
trans_list: леги́зм
sense:
A school of thought, originating in ancient China during the Warring States period and officially adopted during the Qin dynasty, advocating rule by law as key to ensuring social stability.


lexentry: eng/Lego__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lego
trans_list: ле́го
sense:
Any of several small, coloured, plastic bricks, often made by the Lego Company, that can be made to join together and be taken apart, used to construct toy buildings, vehicles, etc.


lexentry: eng/Lena__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lena
trans_list: Ле́на
sense:
A major river in Russia, flowing 2,734 miles from the mountains by the lake Baikal to the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Leningrad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Leningrad
trans_list: Ленингра́д | Ленинград
sense:
(historical) Former name of Saint Petersburg: a major city in Russia, from the time of Lenin's death in 1924 until 1991.


lexentry: eng/Leningrad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Leningrad
trans_list: Ленингра́дская о́бласть
sense:
An oblast of Russia, which surrounds, but no longer contains, Saint Petersburg, its former administrative centre.


lexentry: eng/Leninism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Leninism
trans_list: ленини́зм | ленинизм
sense:
A political ideology developed by Vladimir Lenin that proposes the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat led by a revolutionary vanguard party, as the political prelude to the establishment of communism.


lexentry: eng/Lenné_Triangle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lenné Triangle
trans_list: треуго́льник Ленне́
sense:
(history) The gore delineated by the Bellevue-, Ebert-, and Lennéstraßen which, between 1961 and 1988, was part of the German Democratic Republic de jure, but was separated from it by the Berlin Wall, which ran along the Ebertstraße.


lexentry: eng/Lent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lent
trans_list: Вели́кий пост
sense:
(Christianity) A period of the ecclesiastical year preceding Easter, traditionally involving temporary abstention from certain foods and pleasures.


lexentry: eng/Leo_Minor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Leo Minor
trans_list: Малый Лев
sense:
(constellation) A spring constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a small lion. It lies north of the constellation Leo and south of Ursa Major.


lexentry: eng/Leo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Leo
trans_list: Лев
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A constellation of the zodiac, shaped approximately like a lion and containing the stars Regulus and Denebola.


lexentry: eng/Leo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Leo
trans_list: Лев
sense:
(astrology) The zodiac sign for the Lion, ruled by the Sun and covering July 23 - August 22 (tropical astrology) or August 16 - September 15 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Lepus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lepus
trans_list: Заяц
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a rabbit. It lies south of the constellation Orion.


lexentry: eng/Lesivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lesivka
trans_list: Лесовка
sense:
A village in Stari Bohorodchany rural hromada, Ivano-Frankivsk Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Lesivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lesivka
trans_list: Лесовка
sense:
A village in Sakhnovshchyna settlement hromada, Berestyn Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1890.


lexentry: eng/Lesser_Caucasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lesser Caucasus
trans_list: Ма́лый Кавка́з
sense:
the second of the two main mountain ranges of Caucasus mountains, which runs parallel to the Greater Caucasus and limits the Armenian Highland from the North and North-East.


lexentry: eng/Lesser_Poland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lesser Poland
trans_list: Ма́лая По́льша
sense:
(historical) A historic region of Poland, stretching from Bielsko-Biała in the south-west to Siedlce in the north-east.


lexentry: eng/Levant__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Levant
trans_list: Лева́нт | Левант
sense:
A cultural region of West Asia, consisting of the countries bordering the eastern Mediterranean Sea, namely Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Jordan and Cyprus (and sometimes, especially in a historical context, also including Turkey and Egypt, then part of the Ottoman Empire).


lexentry: eng/Leyden_jar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Leyden jar
trans_list: ле́йденская ба́нка
sense:
(electrical engineering, historical) A glass jar or bottle used to accumulate static electricity between two electrodes.


lexentry: eng/Libra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Libra
trans_list: Весы́ | Весы
sense:
(astrology) The astrological sign for the scales, ruled by Venus and covering September 24 - October 23 (tropical astrology) or October 16 - November 16 (sidereal astrology).


lexentry: eng/Lie_algebra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lie algebra
trans_list: а́лгебра Ли
sense:
(mathematics) An algebra over a field whose bilinear product is alternating (or, equivalently for a bilinear product, anticommutative) and satisfies the Jacobi identity. Such a bilinear product is called a Lie bracket.


lexentry: eng/Limburgish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Limburgish
trans_list: ли́мбургский
sense:
A Germanic language or dialect continuum spoken near the common border between the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany.


lexentry: eng/Limoges__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Limoges
trans_list: Лимож
sense:
A city, the capital of Haute-Vienne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France, formerly the capital of the old Limousin region.


lexentry: eng/Limousin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Limousin
trans_list: Лимузе́н
sense:
A geographic region and former administrative region of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.


lexentry: eng/Limpopo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Limpopo
trans_list: Лимпопо́
sense:
A river in Southern Africa whose source is at the border of South Africa and Botswana near Johannesburg and which flows about 1,770 km (1,100 miles) through South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Mozambique to the Indian Ocean.


lexentry: eng/Lingala__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lingala
trans_list: линга́ла
sense:
A Bantu language spoken throughout the northwestern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo-Kinshasa) and a large part of the Republic of the Congo (Congo-Brazzaville), as well as to some degree in Angola and the Central African Republic.


lexentry: eng/Lingua_Franca_Nova__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lingua Franca Nova
trans_list: лингва франка нова | элэфэн
sense:
A constructed language created by C. George Boeree based on French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Catalan using either Latin or Cyrillic alphabets with grammar based on that of Romance Creoles.


lexentry: eng/Linus'_Law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Linus' Law
trans_list: закон Линуса
sense:
(software engineering) A claim about software development that states that “given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow”.


lexentry: eng/Linux__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Linux
trans_list: Ли́нукс | Линукс
sense:
(computing, strictly) The Unix-like open-source computer operating system kernel created by Linus Torvalds in 1991.


lexentry: eng/Linz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Linz
trans_list: Линц
sense:
The capital of, and largest city in, the state of Upper Austria, Austria, and the third-largest city in the country.


lexentry: eng/Lion_of_Judah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lion of Judah
trans_list: Лев Иуды
sense:
(Judaism) A Jewish national and cultural symbol, traditionally regarded as a symbol of the tribe of Judah.


lexentry: eng/Lipari__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lipari
trans_list: Липари
sense:
The largest of the Aeolian Islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the northern coast of Sicily, southern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Liptsy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Liptsy
trans_list: Липцы
sense:
A former khutor in Krasnaya Yaruga Raion, Belgorod Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, disestablished in 2001.


lexentry: eng/Liptsy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Liptsy
trans_list: Липцы
sense:
A hamlet in Bezhanitsy rural settlement, Bezhanitsy Raion, Pskov Oblast, Northwestern Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Liptsy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Liptsy
trans_list: Липцы
sense:
A hamlet in Gagarin rural settlement, Gagarin Raion, Smolensk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Lisbon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lisbon
trans_list: Лиссабо́н | Лиссабон
sense:
A port city on the Iberian Peninsula, at the mouth of the Tagus River on the Atlantic Ocean; the capital city of Portugal.


lexentry: eng/Lisivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lisivka
trans_list: Лесовка
sense:
A village in Novohrodivka urban hromada, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1885, occupied by Russian forces since September 2024.


lexentry: eng/Lisivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lisivka
trans_list: Лесовка
sense:
A village in Andrushivka urban hromada, Berdychiv Raion, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine, founded before 1906.


lexentry: eng/Lissajous_figure__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lissajous figure
trans_list: фигу́ра Лиссажу́
sense:
(mathematics) A plane curve traced by a point which executes two perpendicular independent harmonic motions, the frequencies of which are in a simple ratio.


lexentry: eng/Liszt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Liszt
trans_list: Лист
sense:
(astronomy) An asteroid in Asteroid Belt, Solar System, discovered in 1988 and named for the composer. Official name: 3910 Liszt. Provisional name: 1988 SF.


lexentry: eng/Lithuania_Minor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lithuania Minor
trans_list: Малая Литва́
sense:
A historically Lithuanian-speaking ethnographic region of Eastern Europe, now politically mostly in the Kaliningrad exclave of Russia with small parts in Lithuania and Poland; now often taken to refer only to the rump portion in Lithuania.


lexentry: eng/Lithuanian_SSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lithuanian SSR
trans_list: Лито́вская ССР
sense:
Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic, the name for the Republic of Lithuania while under the rule of the Soviet Union (1940–1991, name changed in 1990).


lexentry: eng/Lithuanization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lithuanization
trans_list: литвинизация | литуанизация
sense:
The act of assimilating a non-Lithuanian culture into a Lithuanian one; the process of making something Lithuanian.


lexentry: eng/Little_Red_Riding_Hood__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Little Red Riding Hood
trans_list: Кра́сная Ша́почка | Красная Шапочка
sense:
A fairy tale about a young girl who walks through the forest to visit her grandmother and encounters the Big Bad Wolf (or another vicious wolf, or werewolf in archaic versions).


lexentry: eng/Little_Russian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Little Russian
trans_list: малоро́сс | малороссия́нин
sense:
(historical, chiefly in a Russian Empire context) A native or inhabitant of Little Russia (i.e. Ukraine).


lexentry: eng/Liturgy_of_the_Hours__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Liturgy of the Hours
trans_list: литурги́я часо́в
sense:
(Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy) A liturgy for daily use at each of the canonical hours obligatory to all Catholic bishops, priests, and transitional deacons, as well as priests of the Eastern Orthodox Church, and composed of psalms, hymns, and readings but lacking the eucharist.


lexentry: eng/Liverpool__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Liverpool
trans_list: Ливерпу́ль | Ливерпуль
sense:
A city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England; an important seaport in the United Kingdom, and once one of the biggest in the world.


lexentry: eng/Livonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Livonia
trans_list: Ливо́ния | Лифля́ндия
sense:
(historic) A historical region in the Baltic, south of the Gulf of Finland, now divided and constituting southern Estonia and northern Latvia.


lexentry: eng/Local_Group__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Local Group
trans_list: Местная группа
sense:
(astronomy) The small cluster of galaxies that contains the Milky Way Galaxy; includes Andromeda, Triangulum, the Large Magellanic Cloud, Small Magellanic Cloud and others.


lexentry: eng/Loess_Plateau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Loess Plateau
trans_list: Лёссовая равни́на | Лёссовое плато́
sense:
A plateau that covers an area of some 640,000 km² in the upper and middle reaches of China's Yellow River.


lexentry: eng/Loir__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Loir
trans_list: Луа́р
sense:
A left tributary of the Sarthe in Centre-Val de Loire and Pays de la Loire, France, indirectly a tributary of the Loire.


lexentry: eng/Loire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Loire
trans_list: Луа́ра | Луара
sense:
The longest river in France, passing (from southeast to northwest) through the departments of Ardèche, Haute-Loire, Loire, Saône-et-Loire, Allier, Nièvre, Cher, Loiret, Loir-et-Cher, Indre-et-Loire, Maine-et-Loire and Loire-Atlantique.


lexentry: eng/Lojban__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lojban
trans_list: ло́жбан
sense:
An artificial language created by Logical Language Group designed to be logical, based on the earlier Loglan.


lexentry: eng/Loki__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Loki
trans_list: Ло́ки | Локи
sense:
(Norse god) The god of mischief and trickery; growing progressively evil, he kills Balder, and is bound until Ragnarok, the end of the world.


lexentry: eng/Lomavren__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lomavren
trans_list: ломаврен
sense:
The mixed language of the Armenian Lom people (the Bosha), spoken by a tiny number of persons mostly in Armenia but also Azerbaijan, Russia and Syria and consisting chiefly of Armenian grammar and pronunciation with an Indic-derived vocabulary.


lexentry: eng/Lombardic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lombardic
trans_list: лангобардский
sense:
Of the Lombards, a Germanic people who settled in Italy in the sixth century C.E., or of their language or culture.


lexentry: eng/Lombardy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lombardy
trans_list: Ломба́рдия | Ломбардия
sense:
An administrative region in northern Italy, where its capital and the largest city Milan is founded in the Po Valley.


lexentry: eng/London__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: London
trans_list: Лондон | Ло́ндон | ло́ндонский
sense:
The capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England, within Greater London. Situated on the tidal River Thames in southeast England, with a metropolitan population of more than 13,000,000.


lexentry: eng/Long_Island__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Long Island
trans_list: Лонг-А́йленд
sense:
(narrowly) region of New York state consisting of Nassau County and Suffolk County, to the exclusion of Brooklyn and Queens (the parts of the island found in New York City).


lexentry: eng/Lord_Chancellor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lord Chancellor
trans_list: лорд-ка́нцлер
sense:
(UK politics) The holder of an office in the government of the United Kingdom, held by a Cabinet minister with responsibility for the efficient functioning and independence of the judicial courts.


lexentry: eng/Lord__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Lord
trans_list: лорд
sense:
An additional title added to denote the dignity of certain high officials, such as the "Lord Mayors" of major cities in the British Commonwealth


lexentry: eng/Lorm_alphabet__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lorm alphabet
trans_list: а́збука Ло́рма | код Ло́рма
sense:
A tactile sign system used in some European countries and Georgia for communication with and by deafblind people.


lexentry: eng/Lorraine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lorraine
trans_list: Лотари́нгия | Лотарингия
sense:
A cultural region, former administrative region, and former duchy in eastern France; since 2016 part of the region of Grand Est region.


lexentry: eng/Los_Angeles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Los Angeles
trans_list: Лос-А́нджелес | Лос-Анджелес
sense:
A city and port, the county seat of Los Angeles County, the largest city in California, and the 2nd largest in the United States, famed for being the center of the American film industry.


lexentry: eng/Louisiana_Creole__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Louisiana Creole
trans_list: бамия
sense:
A French-based creole with elements of Spanish, Native American and West African languages spoken by the Louisiana Creole people.


lexentry: eng/Louisiana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Louisiana
trans_list: Луизиа́на | Луизиана
sense:
A state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. Capital: Baton Rouge. Largest city: New Orleans.


lexentry: eng/Low_Countries__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Low Countries
trans_list: Ни́жние зе́мли
sense:
A historical region of Western Europe, consisting of the countries on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse (Maas) rivers, specifically Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.


lexentry: eng/Low_German__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Low German
trans_list: нижненеме́цкий
sense:
A West Germanic language spoken in Low (i.e. Northern) Germany and north-eastern parts of the Netherlands, and formerly also in large parts of eastern and north-eastern Europe, which developed out of Middle Low German from Old Saxon; often treated as a dialect group of German (or Dutch) for convenience, but widely recognized as a separate language.


lexentry: eng/Low_Germany__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Low Germany
trans_list: Северная Германия
sense:
(dated) Northern Germany, the low-lying land of the German people in Central Europe around the North and Baltic seas.


lexentry: eng/Low_Saxon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Low Saxon
trans_list: нижнесаксо́нский
sense:
A group of related dialects of Low German, spoken in northern Germany and parts of the Netherlands, formerly also in Denmark.


lexentry: eng/Lower_Egypt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lower Egypt
trans_list: Ни́жний Еги́пет
sense:
(Egyptology) The half of Ancient Egypt north of Memphis, the Nile Delta, so named because the Nile flows South to North.


lexentry: eng/Lucifer__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lucifer
trans_list: Люцифе́р | Люцифер
sense:
(biblical) The King of Babylon who was compared to the planet Venus in first the Wycliffe version then the King James Version of Isaiah 14:12; it is unclear whether this verse refers to a specific king or to a representation of the entire line of kings of Babylon.


lexentry: eng/Lucina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lucina
trans_list: Луцина
sense:
An epithet of the Roman goddess Juno or (less often) Diana in the role of goddess of childbirth, midwives, and newborns.


lexentry: eng/Lucy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lucy
trans_list: Лю́си | Лю́сия | Лю́ция | Люси́
sense:
A surname from Old French derived from place names in Normandy based on a male personal name, from Latin Lucius.


lexentry: eng/Luddite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Luddite
trans_list: лудди́т | луддит
sense:
(historical) Any of a group of early-19th-century English textile workers who destroyed machinery because it would harm their livelihood.


lexentry: eng/Ludwig's_angina__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ludwig's angina
trans_list: анга́на Жансу́ля-Лю́двига | анги́на Лю́двига
sense:
(otorhinolaryngology, pathology) A serious, potentially life-threatening infection of the floor of the mouth, usually occurring in adults with concomitant dental infections, and if left untreated, may obstruct the airways, necessitating tracheotomy.


lexentry: eng/Luhansk_People's_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Luhansk People's Republic
trans_list: Луга́нская Наро́дная Респу́блика | Луганская Народная Республика
sense:
A Russian-backed, partially-recognized secessionist state proclaimed in Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine, on 27 April 2014. It was later unilaterally annexed by Russia on 30 September 2022.


lexentry: eng/Luhansk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Luhansk
trans_list: Луга́нск | Луга́нская о́бласть
sense:
(city) A city, the administrative capital of Luhansk Raion, Luhansk Oblast in the Donbas region, in eastern Ukraine, former administrative capital of the eponymous provonce.


lexentry: eng/Luhansk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Luhansk
trans_list: Луга́нская о́бласть
sense:
(province) An oblast in the Donbas region, in eastern Ukraine. Seat: Sievierodonetsk; former seat: Luhansk (prior to the Donbas War, where Russia occupied and set up puppet countries)


lexentry: eng/Lukashism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lukashism
trans_list: лукаши́зм
sense:
(neologism) The political and economic system created by Alexander Lukashenko / Alyaksandr Lukashenka.


lexentry: eng/Luke__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Luke
trans_list: Лука́ | Лука
sense:
Luke the Evangelist, an early Christian credited with the authorship of the Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles.


lexentry: eng/Luke__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Luke
trans_list: Евангелие от Луки | Лука
sense:
(biblical) The Gospel of St. Luke, a book of the New Testament of the Bible. Traditionally the third of the four gospels.


lexentry: eng/Lunar_New_Year__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lunar New Year
trans_list: [[китайский|Кита́йский]] [[Но́вый год]]
sense:
An annual holiday of several cultures that marks the beginning of a new year according to a lunar or lunisolar calendar, as opposed to a new year dictated by a solar calendar such as the Julian or Gregorian calendars.


lexentry: eng/Lunarian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: (science fiction) An inhabitant of Earth's Moon (Luna): either an indigenous one or a human one.
written_rep: Lunarian
trans_list:
[[жи́тель]] [[Луна|Луны́]] | [[жи́тельница]] [[Луна|Луны́]] | луна́тик | луня́не | луня́нин | луня́нка


lexentry: eng/Luoyang__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Luoyang
trans_list: Лоя́н
sense:
A community in the district of Luojiang in the prefecture-level city of Quanzhou, Fujian, China, famed for a celebrated bridge.


lexentry: eng/Lupus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lupus
trans_list: Волк
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a wolf. It lies south of the constellation Libra.


lexentry: eng/Lusatia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lusatia
trans_list: Ла́узиц | Лу́жица | Лужица
sense:
A traditionally Slavic-speaking cultural region in Central Europe, in modern Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic.


lexentry: eng/Lusatian_Neisse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lusatian Neisse
trans_list: Лужицка-Ниса
sense:
A river in the Czech Republic (54 km) and forming a portion of the border between Poland and Germany border (198 km).


lexentry: eng/Lusignan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lusignan
trans_list: Лузинья́н
sense:
member of a royal house of French origin, which at various times ruled several principalities in Europe and the Levant, including the kingdoms of Jerusalem, Cyprus, and Armenia, from the 12th through the 15th centuries during the Middle Ages


lexentry: eng/Lutheran__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lutheran
trans_list: лютеранский | лютеранин
sense:
(Christianity) Of or pertaining to the theology of Martin Luther (1483–1546) or his followers, or the Lutheran church.


lexentry: eng/Lutheran__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lutheran
trans_list: лютера́нин | лютера́нка | лютеранин
sense:
(Christianity) A member of any of the Christian churches which identify with the theology of Martin Luther.


lexentry: eng/Lutheranism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lutheranism
trans_list: лютера́нство
sense:
The Christian denomination based on the beliefs and doctrines developed by Martin Luther and his immediate followers.


lexentry: eng/Luwian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Luwian
trans_list: лувийский
sense:
an extinct language of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family, spoken in the 2nd millennium BC and recorded in both hieroglyphic and cuneiform scripts.


lexentry: eng/Luxembourg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Luxembourg
trans_list: Люксембу́рг | Люксембург
sense:
A small country in Western Europe. Official name: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Capital and largest city: Luxembourg.


lexentry: eng/Luxembourgish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Luxembourgish
trans_list: люксембу́ргский | люксембу́ргский язы́к
sense:
A Germanic language spoken in Luxembourg and, traditionally, around the city of Arlon (Belgium); originally included in the Moselle Franconian group of High German dialects, but now usually regarded as a separate language due to its standardisation and official use in the state of Luxembourg.


lexentry: eng/Lydian_mode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lydian mode
trans_list: лиди́йский лад
sense:
(music) A mode whose scale is the same as a major key with the fourth scale degree raised by one half step, with the interval pattern:


lexentry: eng/Lyman__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lyman
trans_list: Лима́н
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Lyman urban hromada, Kramatorsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1667 or 1678.


lexentry: eng/Lyme_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lyme disease
trans_list: боле́знь Ла́йма
sense:
(disease) Infection by one of three or more subspecies of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted by four species of tick in genus Ixodes. Symptoms include a rash followed by fever, joint pain, and headaches.


lexentry: eng/Lynchian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lynchian
trans_list: линчевский
sense:
Of or pertaining to David Keith Lynch (1946–2025), American filmmaker and director whose surrealist films are characterized by dream imagery and meticulous sound design.


lexentry: eng/Lynx__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lynx
trans_list: Рысь
sense:
(constellation) A faint spring constellation of the northern sky. It lies north of the constellation Cancer.


lexentry: eng/Lyon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lyon
trans_list: Лио́н
sense:
A metropolitan authority in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France, outside of Rhône department, which includes the city of Lyon and most of its suburbs; in full, the Metropolis of Lyon.


lexentry: eng/Lyptsi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lyptsi
trans_list: Липцы
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Lyptsi rural hromada, Kharkiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1660.


lexentry: eng/Lyra__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lyra
trans_list: Ли́ра | Лира
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a lyre. It includes the bright star Vega and the Ring Nebula.


lexentry: eng/Lysivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Lysivka
trans_list: Лы́совка
sense:
A village in Yarmolyntsi settlement hromada, Khmelnytskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine, founded before 1821.


lexentry: eng/Lysivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Lysivka
trans_list: [[лысовский|Лы́совский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[лысовский|Лы́совский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]
sense:
(historical) A silrada, first of Kornyn Raion (1925–1931) of Bila Tserkva Okruga (1925–1930), then of Popilnia Raion (1931–1935) of Kyiv Oblast (1932–1937), and finally of Kornyn Raion (1935–1954) of Zhytomyr Oblast (1937–1954), the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, established by its separation out of Turbivka silrada and disestablished by its remerger into Turbivka silrada.


lexentry: eng/Lysivtsi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lysivtsi
trans_list: [[лысовский|Лы́совский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[лысовский|Лы́совский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]
sense:
A former silrada of Zalishchyky Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine, disestablished in July 2020 when it was merged into Tovste settlement hromada. Administrative centre and sole constituent settlement: Lysivtsi.


lexentry: eng/Lübeck__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Lübeck
trans_list: Лю́бек | Любек
sense:
A city in Schleswig-Holstein, north-central Germany, northeast of Hamburg; a major Baltic port and industrial center, the present city dates from 1143 and was the leading town of the Hanseatic League after its designation as a free city in 1226; it retained that status until 1937.


lexentry: eng/M-theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: M-theory
trans_list: М-теория
sense:
(physics) A generalized theory of eleven-dimensional supergravity that attempts to unify the five superstring theories


lexentry: eng/MFA__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: MFA
trans_list: МИД
sense:
Initialism of w:Ministry of Foreign Affairs, any of various ministries so called (in various countries).


lexentry: eng/MIT_License__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: MIT License
trans_list: [[лице́нзия]] MIT
sense:
(copyright license) A free-software license originating at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.


lexentry: eng/MP3_player__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: MP3 player
trans_list: MP3-пле́ер | цифрово́й пле́ер
sense:
An electronic device for playing digital audio files in the MP3 format and, in many cases, files in some other formats, as well as including a radio function.


lexentry: eng/MP4_player__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: MP4 player
trans_list: MP4-пле́ер
sense:
An electronic device for playing digital video files in the MP4 format (and, in many cases, also files in other formats).


lexentry: eng/MRE__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: MRE
trans_list: ИРП | индивидуальный рацион питания | сухой паёк | сухпай | сухпаёк
sense:
(chiefly US, military slang) Initialism of w:Meal, Ready-to-Eat: an individual field ration used by the US military.


lexentry: eng/Macaronesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Macaronesia
trans_list: Макароне́зия
sense:
A group of four archipelagos in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Azores (part of Portugal), Madeira (also part of Portugal), the Canary Islands (part of Spain) and the independent country of Cape Verde.


lexentry: eng/Maccabee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maccabee
trans_list: маккаве́и | маккаве́й
sense:
(biblical) A member of the Maccabees (a liberation movement in Israel who established Jewish independence in the Land of Israel in the second and first centuries BC).


lexentry: eng/Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Macedonia
trans_list: Македо́ния | Респу́блика Македо́ния | Македония
sense:
A geographic region in Southeast Europe in the Balkans which includes the Republic of North Macedonia, the region of Macedonia in Greece, the Pirin region of Bulgaria, and small parts of Albania and Serbia.


lexentry: eng/Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Macedonia
trans_list: Македо́ния | Македония
sense:
(historical) An ancient Greek kingdom in Southeast Europe in the Balkans, located to the north of Thessaly, comprising the Greek city of Thessaloniki and its surroundings.


lexentry: eng/Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Macedonia
trans_list: Македо́ния | Респу́блика Македо́ния | Македония
sense:
A geographic region and former administrative region of Greece, comprising the regions of West Macedonia, Central Macedonia and the East Macedonia part of the region of East Macedonia and Thrace.


lexentry: eng/Machiavelli__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Machiavelli
trans_list: Макиаве́лли
sense:
Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527), Italian statesman and writer, whose work The Prince (1532) advises that acquiring and exercising power may require unethical methods.


lexentry: eng/Machiavellianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Machiavellianism
trans_list: макиавелли́зм | макиавеллизм
sense:
(philosophy, politics) The political philosophy of Machiavelli, especially the realist doctrine which emphasizes the maintenance of the state above ethical concerns.


lexentry: eng/Machiavellianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Machiavellianism
trans_list: макиавелли́зм
sense:
(personality, _, psychology) A psychological construct centered on interpersonal manipulation, lack of empathy, cold affect, and indifference to morality.


lexentry: eng/Machmeter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Machmeter
trans_list: махметр
sense:
(aviation) An instrument that measures the speed of an aircraft relative to that of sound and displays it in Mach numbers.


lexentry: eng/Madagascan_fish_eagle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Madagascan fish eagle
trans_list: мадагаско́рский орла́н-крику́н
sense:
Haliaeetus vociferoides, a species of eagle native to the coastal strip in the northwest of Madagascar.


lexentry: eng/Madagascar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Madagascar
trans_list: Мадагаска́р | Мадагаскар
sense:
An island and country off the east coast of Africa. Official name: Republic of Madagascar. Capital: Antananarivo.


lexentry: eng/Madonna__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Madonna
trans_list: Мадо́нна
sense:
(Christianity, sometimes with definite article) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, especially in Catholic contexts.


lexentry: eng/Mafia__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mafia
trans_list: мафия
sense:
A social deduction party game modelling a conflict between an informed minority (the mafia) and an uninformed majority (the innocents). Each player is secretly assigned a role within one of these teams, and the innocents attempt to identify the mafia members before they are all "murdered".


lexentry: eng/Maghreb__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maghreb
trans_list: Магри́б
sense:
The predominantly Arabic-speaking geographic region comprising northwest Africa, particularly the region of Africa north of the Sahara and west of the Nile; the coastal plains of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and western Libya.


lexentry: eng/Magi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Magi
trans_list: волхв | кудесник | маг | мудрец
sense:
(Christianity) Chiefly preceded by the (three): the wise men who visited and gave gifts to the baby Jesus at the Epiphany (traditionally considered to be three in number and sometimes named Balthazar, Caspar, and Melchior, but the Bible does not state how many there were or their names).


lexentry: eng/Magna_Carta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Magna Carta
trans_list: Вели́кая ха́ртия во́льностей
sense:
(historical) A charter granted by King John to the barons at Runnymede in 1215, which is one of the bases of English constitutional tradition; a physical copy of this charter, or a later version.


lexentry: eng/Magna_Graecia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Magna Graecia
trans_list: Вели́кая Гре́ция
sense:
(historical) The ancient coastal regions of Sicily and southern Italy once colonized by Greek settlers.


lexentry: eng/Mahabharata__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mahabharata
trans_list: Махабха́рата
sense:
(Hinduism, mythology) An ancient Sanskrit epic concerning some text of the Bhagavad Gita, including elaborations on theology and morality.


lexentry: eng/Mahayana__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mahayana
trans_list: Маха́яна
sense:
(Buddhism) One of the two primary branches of Buddhism that emerged around the 1st century BCE, which accepts non-Pali canon scriptures, and emphasizes the path of bodhisattva.


lexentry: eng/Maia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Maia
trans_list: Ма́йя
sense:
(astronomy) A star in the constellation Taurus. It is the fourth brightest star in the Pleiades cluster.


lexentry: eng/Main_Street__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Main Street
trans_list: Центральная улица
sense:
The generic street name (and often the official name) of the primary retail street of a village, town, or small city in the United States, Canada, Ireland, some parts of Scotland and also in some countries in central Europe.


lexentry: eng/Maine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Maine
trans_list: Мэн | Мен
sense:
A state of the United States; probably named for the province in France. Capital: Augusta. Largest city: Portland.


lexentry: eng/Major_Mitchell's_cockatoo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Major Mitchell's cockatoo
trans_list: какаду́ и́нка
sense:
A cockatoo of species Cacatua leadbeateri (syn. Lophochroa leadbeateri), having distinctive salmon pink plumage and a bright red and yellow crest, principally of arid Australia.


lexentry: eng/Malabar_Coast__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malabar Coast
trans_list: Малабарский берег
sense:
(India, chiefly, _, historical) Synonym of Malabar, forming the southwest coast of India, now principally the state of Kerala.


lexentry: eng/Malabar_gourd__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malabar gourd
trans_list: тыква фиголистная
sense:
A type of squash native from Central and South America, grown for its edible fruit, seeds and greens, Cucurbita ficifolia.


lexentry: eng/Malagasy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Malagasy
trans_list: малагаси́йский | мальга́шский
sense:
(uncountable) The languages of Madagascar or of the Malagasy people, when considered to be one language.


lexentry: eng/Malay_Archipelago__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malay Archipelago
trans_list: Мала́йский архипела́г
sense:
An archipelago and cultural region of Southeast Asia consisting of the islands between mainland Southeast Asia and Australia, including Indonesia, the Philippines, Brunei, East Malaysia (the part of Malaysia on the island of Borneo) and East Timor.


lexentry: eng/Malay_Peninsula__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malay Peninsula
trans_list: Мала́йский полуо́стров | Мала́кка
sense:
A peninsula in Southeast Asia containing the southernmost tip of Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia and Southern Thailand.


lexentry: eng/Malay__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malay
trans_list: мала́йский | малайский
sense:
Of or relating to the Malays, a people living in Brunei, on the eastern coast of Sumatra, the islands of Bangka and Belitung, the Riau archipelago and the coastal areas of Kalimantan in Indonesia, in most of Malaysia (states where they are politically dominant), in Singapore and in the southernmost provinces of Thailand.


lexentry: eng/Malay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malay
trans_list: мала́ец | мала́йка
sense:
(countable) A person of Malay ancestry, referring to a diverse group of Austronesian peoples inhabiting the Malay archipelago and Malay peninsula in Southeast Asia.


lexentry: eng/Malay__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malay
trans_list: мала́йский | мала́йский язы́к | малайский
sense:
(broad sense) The Malay language, an Austronesian language spoken by most Malay people and by others where it is an official language, including under the name Indonesian.


lexentry: eng/Malaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malaya
trans_list: Мала́йя
sense:
(historical) A peninsula and geographic region of Southeast Asia constituting the southern part of the Malay Peninsula and several nearby islands, currently forming the western part of Malaysia; now known as West Malaysia or Peninsular Malaysia.


lexentry: eng/Malayali__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malayali
trans_list: малая́лец | малая́лка
sense:
A member of an ethnic group in south-west India, traditionally, residents of the state of Kerala who speak Malayalam.


lexentry: eng/Malayan_night_heron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malayan night heron
trans_list: тигро́вая выпь
sense:
A medium-sized heron, Gorsachius melanolophus, distributed in southern and eastern Asia, and breeding in India, Taiwan, China, and the Philippines.


lexentry: eng/Maldives__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maldives
trans_list: Мальди́вы | Мальдивы
sense:
An archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India. Official name: Republic of Maldives. Capital: Malé.


lexentry: eng/Malenkov__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malenkov
trans_list: Маленков
sense:
A surname from Russian; especially when referring to Georgy Malenkov, Soviet politician and rival of Nikita Khrushchev.


lexentry: eng/Maliutianka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maliutianka
trans_list: Малютянка
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Maliutianka starostynskyi okruh, Boiarka urban hromada, Fastiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Malta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Malta
trans_list: Ма́льта | Мальта
sense:
An archipelago and country in Southern Europe, in the Mediterranean Sea. Official name: Republic of Malta. Capital: Valletta.


lexentry: eng/Mameluke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mameluke
trans_list: мамлю́к
sense:
(historical) A member of various military regimes in the Middle East established and run by freed white slave soldiers, mainly from the Eurasian steppe or the Caucasus; in particular, those who formed a ruling caste in Egypt from 1250 until 1812 and in Syria from 1260 until 1516.


lexentry: eng/Manchego__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Manchego
trans_list: манче́го
sense:
A firm, compact cheese made in the La Mancha region of Spain, aged for between 60 days and two years and made from the milk of Manchega sheep.


lexentry: eng/Manchester__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Manchester
trans_list: Манче́стер | Манчестер
sense:
The largest city in New Hampshire, United States and one of the two county seats of Hillsborough County.


lexentry: eng/Manchukuo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Manchukuo
trans_list: Маньжо́у-го
sense:
A puppet state of Imperial Japan, existing from 1932 to 1945, conceived as a purported Manchu nation-state under the restored Qing dynasty. Capital: Hsinking (Changchun).


lexentry: eng/Manchuria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Manchuria
trans_list: Маньчжу́рия | Маньчжурия
sense:
A historical region of northeastern China comprising the three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang and the northeastern part of Inner Mongolia.


lexentry: eng/Manchurian_hare__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Manchurian hare
trans_list: манчжу́рский за́яц
sense:
Lepus mandshuricus, a forest-dwelling hare found in northeastern China and Russia, the Amur River basin, and the higher mountains of northern Korea.


lexentry: eng/Mandaeism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mandaeism
trans_list: мандаизм
sense:
A monotheistic religion of the Iraq region with a strongly dualistic and gnostic worldview, whose adherents (the Mandaeans) revere Adam and other Biblical figures, especially John the Baptist.


lexentry: eng/Mandarin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mandarin
trans_list: [[литерату́рный]] [[кита́йский]] | мандари́н | путунхуа́
sense:
Standard Mandarin, an official language of China and Taiwan, and one of four official languages in Singapore; Putonghua, Guoyu or Huayu.


lexentry: eng/Mandelbrot_set__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mandelbrot set
trans_list: множество Мандельброта
sense:
(mathematics) the set of complex numbers c for which the orbit of 0 under iteration of the complex quadratic polynomial zn+1 = zn2 + c remains bounded. The boundary of this set is a fractal.


lexentry: eng/Mandingo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mandingo
trans_list: манден | мандинго
sense:
A macrolanguage spoken primarily in West Africa, with seven individual languages: Mandinka, Eastern Maninkakan, Forest Maninka, Kita Maninkakan, Konyanka Maninka, Sankaran Maninka, Western Maninkakan.


lexentry: eng/Manhattan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Manhattan
trans_list: Манхэ́ттен | манхэ́ттен
sense:
A borough of New York City, New York, United States, mainly on Manhattan Island, coterminous with New York County; in full, Borough of Manhattan.


lexentry: eng/Manichaean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Manichaean
trans_list: манихе́йский
sense:
(by extension) Of or relating to a worldview of distinct good and evil, especially to the exclusion of other possible categories.


lexentry: eng/Manichaeism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Manichaeism
trans_list: манихеизм | манихейство
sense:
(religion) A syncretic, dualistic religion that combines elements of Zoroastrian, Christian, and Gnostic thought, founded by the Iranian prophet Mani in the 3rd century AD.


lexentry: eng/Mansi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mansi
trans_list: вогу́льский | манси́йский
sense:
The Uralic language spoken by these people, now more often considered a group of closely related languages.


lexentry: eng/Mantineia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mantineia
trans_list: Мантинея
sense:
(historical) A city in ancient Arcadia, Greece that was the site of two significant battles in Classical Greek history.


lexentry: eng/Mantoux_test__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mantoux test
trans_list: реа́кция Манту́
sense:
(immunology) A skin test for tuberculosis, involving an injection of PPD (purified protein derivative).


lexentry: eng/Manx_cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Manx cat
trans_list: ко́шка мэнкс | мэ́нская ко́шка | мэнкс
sense:
A domestic cat of a breed that is native to the Isle of Man, principally characterized by suppression of the tail, and with a short-haired coat and a medium-sized, rounded, cobby body.


lexentry: eng/Manzikert__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Manzikert
trans_list: Манцике́рт
sense:
(historical) A town in Armenia, the site of the Battle of Manzikert where the Byzantine Empire was decisively defeated by Seljuk Turks; modern Malazgirt in Turkey


lexentry: eng/Maoism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maoism
trans_list: маои́зм | маоизм
sense:
The philosophy espoused by Chinese leader Mao Zedong, a form of Marxism-Leninism that focuses on the peasantry as the revolutionary vanguard.


lexentry: eng/Maracanaço__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maracanaço
trans_list: Маракана́со
sense:
(football) The final match (Uruguay 2 – Brazil 1) in the 1950 FIFA World Cup, remembered in Brazil as a painful defeat.


lexentry: eng/Marash__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marash
trans_list: Мара́ш
sense:
A city in the modern Republic of Turkey, known as Marqasi in Assyrian texts and Germanicia under the Romans.


lexentry: eng/Marathi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marathi
trans_list: мара́тхи
sense:
A person of a Marathi-speaking people from the state of Maharashtra; a person of or from Maharashtra.


lexentry: eng/Marathon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marathon
trans_list: Марафо́н | Марафон
sense:
A town in Attica, Greece, the site of the victory in 490 BC of heavily outnumbered Athenians against Persians.


lexentry: eng/March__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: March
trans_list: март
sense:
The third month of the Gregorian calendar, following February and preceding April, containing the northward equinox.


lexentry: eng/Mariana_Trench__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mariana Trench
trans_list: Марианская впа́дина
sense:
(oceanography) A submarine trench in the North Pacific Ocean, noted for having the deepest known point on Earth.


lexentry: eng/Marinette__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Marinette
trans_list: Маринет | Меринет | Мэринет
sense:
A former ghost town in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, named after Marinette, Wisconsin; Sun City now occupies its old site.


lexentry: eng/Marinette__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Marinette
trans_list: Маринет | Меринет | Мэринет
sense:
A city, the county seat of Marinette County, Wisconsin, United States. Named after Marie Antoinette Chevalier, an Indian woman.


lexentry: eng/Mariupol_Greek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mariupol Greek
trans_list: руме́йский | руме́йский язы́к
sense:
A Greek dialect spoken by the ethnic Greeks living along the northern coast of the Sea of Azov, in southeastern Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Mariupol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mariupol
trans_list: Мариу́поль | Мариуполь
sense:
A city in Mariupol Raion, Donetsk Oblast, in eastern Ukraine, on the shore of the Sea of Azov, of the Black Sea.


lexentry: eng/Mark__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Mark
trans_list: Марк
sense:
Mark the Evangelist, also called John Mark, the first patriarch of Alexandria, credited with the authorship of the Gospel of Mark.


lexentry: eng/Mark__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Mark
trans_list: Марк | Ева́нгелие от Ма́рка
sense:
(biblical) The Gospel of St. Mark, a book of the New Testament of the Bible. Traditionally the second of the four gospels.


lexentry: eng/Markarian_galaxy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Markarian galaxy
trans_list: гала́ктика Маркаря́на
sense:
(astronomy) Any of a class of galaxies that have nuclei with excessive amounts of ultraviolet emissions.


lexentry: eng/Markov_process__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Markov process
trans_list: марковски́й проце́сс
sense:
(probability theory) Any stochastic process for which the conditional probability distribution of future states depends only on the current state (and not on past states).


lexentry: eng/Marne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marne
trans_list: Ма́рна
sense:
A right tributary of the Seine, in eastern France, flowing 319 miles east and southeast of Paris through the departments of Haute-Marne, Marne, Aisne, Seine-et-Marne, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne.


lexentry: eng/Mars_rover__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mars rover
trans_list: марсохо́д
sense:
Any of a number of small unmanned remote-controlled vehicles sent to the planet Mars to do scientific research.


lexentry: eng/Marseille__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marseille
trans_list: Марсе́ль
sense:
The capital city of Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; the capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.


lexentry: eng/Marshall_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marshall Islands
trans_list: Марша́лловы Остро́ва | Маршалловы Острова
sense:
A country consisting of two archipelagos in Micronesia, in Oceania. Official name: Republic of the Marshall Islands. Capital and largest city: Majuro.


lexentry: eng/Martial__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Martial
trans_list: Марциа́л
sense:
An Anglicized cognomen or given name of the Roman poet Marcus Valerius Martialis, born in Spain in the first century AD and noted for his epigrams.


lexentry: eng/Martinique__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Martinique
trans_list: Мартини́ка | Мартиника
sense:
An island, overseas department, and administrative region of France in the Caribbean. Official name: Department of Martinique.


lexentry: eng/Marxian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marxian
trans_list: марксистский
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or influenced by the 19th-century philosopher Karl Marx and his political and economic theories; now often distinguished from Marxist by the nuance that one does not necessarily adhere to Marxism itself. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Marxism-Leninism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marxism-Leninism
trans_list: маркси́зм-ленини́зм | марксизм-ленинизм
sense:
(politics, communism) A communist ideological stream that emerged as the mainstream tendency amongst the Communist parties in the 1920s as it was adopted as the ideological foundation of the Communist International during Stalin's era, and was later adopted by the People's Republic of China, Cuba, Vietnam, and several other nations.


lexentry: eng/Marxism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Marxism
trans_list: маркси́зм | марксизм
sense:
The socialist and communist philosophy and political program founded by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.


lexentry: eng/Marxism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Marxism
trans_list: маркси́зм | марксизм
sense:
(primarily, _, Western, often, _, derogatory, colloquial) Any left-wing ideology, government regulations, or policies promoting a welfare state, nationalisation, etc.


lexentry: eng/Mary__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Mary
trans_list: Мари́я | Мария
sense:
(Islam) The 19th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an, recounting the events leading up to the birth of Jesus.


lexentry: eng/Maryland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maryland
trans_list: Мэ́риленд | Мэриленд
sense:
A state of the United States; named for Queen Mary, queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland. Capital: Annapolis. Largest city: Baltimore.


lexentry: eng/Mascarene_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mascarene Islands
trans_list: Маскаренские острова
sense:
An archipelago of the Indian Ocean, consisting of Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues and the Cargados Carajos.


lexentry: eng/Mashhad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mashhad
trans_list: Мешхе́д
sense:
A city in Iran, the seat of Mashhad County's Central District and the capital of Razavi Khorasan Province.


lexentry: eng/Maslenitsa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maslenitsa
trans_list: Ма́сленица | ма́сленица
sense:
An East Slavic festival of pre-Christian origin celebrated during the last week before Lent, seven weeks before Easter; analogous to Shrovetide.


lexentry: eng/Mass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mass
trans_list: ме́сса
sense:
(Roman Catholic Church) The principal liturgical service of the Church, encompassing both a scripture service (Liturgy of the Word) and a eucharistic service (Liturgy of the Eucharist), which includes the consecration and oblation (offering) of the host and wine.


lexentry: eng/Master_of_Science__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Master of Science
trans_list: магистр
sense:
A degree that usually requires 2-3 years beyond a Bachelor of Science and emphasizes science and scientific applications. The degree is less advanced than a Doctorate degree.


lexentry: eng/Matthew__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Matthew
trans_list: Ева́нгелие от Матфе́я | Матвей
sense:
(biblical) The Gospel of St. Matthew, the first book of the New Testament of the Bible. Traditionally the first of the four gospels, a book attributed to Matthew the Evangelist.


lexentry: eng/Mauretania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mauretania
trans_list: Мавритания
sense:
An ancient Berber kingdom on the Mediterranean coast of north Africa which was annexed by the Romans.


lexentry: eng/Mauser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mauser
trans_list: ма́узер
sense:
Any of the firearms made or designed by the German company Mauser, notably automatic pistols and bolt action rifles.


lexentry: eng/Maya__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maya
trans_list: ма́йя
sense:
a flourishing Mesoamerican civilization that existed in and around Guatemala from the 3rd century to the 9th century.


lexentry: eng/Maya__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maya
trans_list: ма́йя
sense:
a variety of Mesoamerican peoples with farming from around 1000 BC onward, who developed a large civilization from the 3rd century onward


lexentry: eng/Maya__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maya
trans_list: ма́йя
sense:
various Mesoamerican peoples living in the Spanish Empire, and now parts of Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras


lexentry: eng/Maya__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Maya
trans_list: ма́йя
sense:
various Mesoamerican peoples that continued in competing civilizations from the 10th century onward until conquered by Spain


lexentry: eng/Mayotte__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mayotte
trans_list: Майо́тта | Майотта
sense:
An archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, formerly an overseas territorial collectivity, located between Africa's mainland and Madagascar.


lexentry: eng/Mazahua__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mazahua
trans_list: маса́уа
sense:
A member of an indigenous people who inhabit an area of the State of Mexico and small parts of Michoacán and Querétaro in Mexico.


lexentry: eng/Mazu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mazu
trans_list: Мацзу
sense:
A Chinese sea goddess, the deified form of Lin Moniang, a medieval Fujianese girl who became revered as a sea goddess and, since the Qing dynasty, especially in Taiwan, more generally as the primary goddess of Heaven.


lexentry: eng/McCarthyism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: McCarthyism
trans_list: маккарти́зм | маккартизм
sense:
The intense opposition to, and fear and suspicion of, Communism, particularly in the United States during the 1950s.


lexentry: eng/McDonaldization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: McDonaldization
trans_list: макдональдизация
sense:
The process by which institutions in society become standardized and focused on efficiency and predictability.


lexentry: eng/Meadow_Mari__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Meadow Mari
trans_list: Луговомарийский | Луговый мариец | черемис
sense:
A standardized dialect of the Mari language used mainly in the European part of the Russian Federation.


lexentry: eng/Mecca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mecca
trans_list: Ме́кка | Мекка
sense:
A large city, the provincial capital of Mecca Province in the in the Hejaz region, Saudi Arabia, the holiest place in Islam, location of the sacred Ka'ba, and to which Muslims are required to make a hajj at least once in their lifetime, if possible.


lexentry: eng/Mechitarist__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mechitarist
trans_list: мхитари́ст
sense:
(historical) A member of a congregation of Benedictine monks of the Armenian Catholic Church established in 1717 by Abbot Mekhitar of Sebaste on the island of San Lazzaro, south of Venice.


lexentry: eng/Mecklenburg__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mecklenburg
trans_list: Мекленбу́рг | Мекленбург
sense:
(uncountable) A historical region in Baltic northern Germany; part of the modern state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.


lexentry: eng/Media__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Media
trans_list: Ми́дия
sense:
(historical) A geographic region and ancient satrapy of the Persian Empire in northwestern Iran, originally inhabited by the Medes.


lexentry: eng/Media__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Media
trans_list: Ми́дия
sense:
(historical) A possible ancient kingdom ruled by the Medes from approximately 700 to 550 BCE, whose extent and sometimes even existence is debated.


lexentry: eng/Median__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Median
trans_list: мидийский
sense:
The northwestern Old Iranian language of the Medes, attested only by numerous loanwords in Old Persian, few borrowings in Old Armenian and some glosses in Ancient Greek; nothing is known of its grammar.


lexentry: eng/Medici_collar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Medici collar
trans_list: воротни́к Ме́дичи
sense:
A fan-shaped (especially lace) collar, standing upright behind the head and sloping down to meet a square neckline in front.


lexentry: eng/Medieval_Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Medieval Greek
trans_list: среднегре́ческий язы́к
sense:
Collectively, the continuum of forms of the Greek language as written and spoken during medieval times, preceded by Hellenistic Koine Greek and succeeded by Modern Greek


lexentry: eng/Medieval_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Medieval Latin
trans_list: средневеко́вая латы́нь
sense:
The Latin language as used during the Middle Ages, before it was developed by the Italian humanists into Renaissance Latin.


lexentry: eng/Mediterranean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mediterranean
trans_list: Средиземномо́рье
sense:
A region of Southern Europe and North Africa and Western Asia. The region surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.


lexentry: eng/Medvezhye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Medvezhye
trans_list: Медве́жье
sense:
A settlement in Kobylsky selsoviet, Glushkovsky Raion, Kursk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Medyka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Medyka
trans_list: Медыка
sense:
Ellipsis of Gmina Medyka: a municipality and gmina in Przemyśl County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland. Seat: Medyka.


lexentry: eng/Megaera__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Megaera
trans_list: Меге́ра
sense:
(Greek god) One of the Furies, Erinyes in Greek mythology, the cause of jealousy and envy, who punishes people who commit crimes, especially marital infidelity.


lexentry: eng/Meiji_period__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Meiji period
trans_list: Мэ́йдзи
sense:
The 45-year reign of Emperor Meiji (1868-1912). During this time, Japan started its modernization and rose to world power status.


lexentry: eng/Mekong__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mekong
trans_list: Меко́нг | Меконг
sense:
A river in southeastern Asia that flows about 4,183 km (2,600 miles) from Tibet to the South China Sea in Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/Melanesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Melanesia
trans_list: Мелане́зия
sense:
A continental region of Oceania, consisting of New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Fiji.


lexentry: eng/Melk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Melk
trans_list: Мельк
sense:
A city in Austria, in the federal state of Lower Austria, known as the site of a massive baroque Benedictine monastery.


lexentry: eng/Melkite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Melkite
trans_list: мелькит
sense:
(historical) In 5th-century Syria and Egypt, a sobriquet applied to Chalcedonians by their opponents, denoting the Chalcedonians' fidelity to the Byzantine emperor.


lexentry: eng/Melkite__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Melkite
trans_list: мелькит
sense:
(since the Great Schism) A member of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch or the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem; ellipsis of Orthodox Melkite.


lexentry: eng/Melusine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Melusine
trans_list: Мелюзина
sense:
(mythology) A figure of European folklore and mythology (mostly Celtic), a female spirit of fresh water in a sacred spring or river, usually depicted as a serpent or fish from the waist down, and sometimes with wings.


lexentry: eng/Member_of_Parliament__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Member of Parliament
trans_list: депута́т парла́мента | член парла́мента
sense:
(UK, Canada, Australia, NZ) A representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a house of a parliament.


lexentry: eng/Memnon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Memnon
trans_list: Ме́мнон
sense:
(Greek mythology) An Ethiopian king and son of Tithonus and Eos. Considered a great warrior, he fought on the side of Troy and was killed by Achilles.


lexentry: eng/Memorial_Day__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Memorial Day
trans_list: День па́мяти
sense:
(United States) A federal holiday honoring fallen soldiers, sailors, and other servicemen observed on the last Monday in May.


lexentry: eng/Mende__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mende
trans_list: менде
sense:
A large West African ethnic group, speakers of the Mende language, living primarily in Sierra Leone and Liberia.


lexentry: eng/Mendeleev__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mendeleev
trans_list: Менделе́ев
sense:
A transliteration of the Russian surname Менделе́ев (Mendeléjev), usually applying to Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev.


lexentry: eng/Menelaus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Menelaus
trans_list: Менела́й
sense:
(Greek mythology) The king of Mycenaean Sparta, the husband of Helen of Troy, the brother of Agamemnon, and the leader of the Spartan contingent of the Greek army during the Trojan War.


lexentry: eng/Mensa__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mensa
trans_list: Столо́вая Гора́
sense:
(constellation) A summer constellation of the southern sky, originally named after Table Mountain in South Africa. It lies between the constellations of Hydrus and Volans.


lexentry: eng/Menshevik__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Menshevik
trans_list: меньшеви́к | меньшеви́чка
sense:
(now, chiefly, historical) A member of the gradualist or moderate wing of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party during the years preceding the Russian Revolution, when they split with the Bolsheviks; or a member of a later independent moderate-Marxist party formed in 1917. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Mercury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mercury
trans_list: Мерку́рий | Меркурий
sense:
(astronomy) The first planet in the Solar system with the closest orbit to the Sun, named after the god; represented by ☿.


lexentry: eng/Mercury__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mercury
trans_list: Мерку́рий | Меркурий
sense:
(Roman god) The Roman god associated with speed, sometimes used as a messenger, wearing winged sandals; the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Hermes.


lexentry: eng/Merovingian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Merovingian
trans_list: Меровинг
sense:
One of a Salian Frankish dynasty that came to rule the Franks in a region (known as Francia in Latin) largely corresponding to ancient Gaul from the middle of the 5th century, and whose politics involved frequent civil warfare among branches of the family.


lexentry: eng/Merv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Merv
trans_list: Мерв
sense:
(chiefly, _, historical) Synonym of Mary, a city in Turkmenistan noted for its former role on the Silk Road and similar trade routes.


lexentry: eng/Mesoamerica__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mesoamerica
trans_list: Мезоамерика
sense:
A pre-Columbian cultural region extending from southern Mexico to roughly the area that comprises modern Honduras and El Salvador.


lexentry: eng/Mesolithic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mesolithic
trans_list: мезолити́ческий
sense:
Of or referring to the Middle Stone Age (also the Mesolithic period or the Mesolithic age), a prehistoric period that lasted between 10000 and 3000 BC.


lexentry: eng/Mesopotamia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mesopotamia
trans_list: Междуре́чье | Месопота́мия
sense:
(historical) A geographic region in southwest Asia, spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, located in modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeast Turkey; the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man.


lexentry: eng/Mesozoic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mesozoic
trans_list: мезозо́йский
sense:
(geology) Of a geologic era within the Phanerozoic eon that comprises the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods from about 230 to 65 million years ago, when life on earth was dominated by reptiles.


lexentry: eng/Messidor__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Messidor
trans_list: мессидо́р
sense:
(historical) The tenth month of the French Republican Calendar, from June 19 or 20 to July 18 or 19.


lexentry: eng/Metatron__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Metatron
trans_list: Метатрон
sense:
(Christianity, Judaism) An archangel and the chancellor of Heaven and the scribe of the book of life, in Christian and Jewish folklore. According to medieval apocrypha, he is Enoch, ancestor of Noah, transformed into an angel.


lexentry: eng/Metis__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Metis
trans_list: Мети́да
sense:
(Greek god) A Titan who was the personification of wisdom, the first spouse of Zeus, and the mother of Athena


lexentry: eng/Meuse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Meuse
trans_list: Маас
sense:
A major river that flows about 901 km (560 mi) from France through Belgium and the Netherlands to the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Mexican_marigold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mexican marigold
trans_list: ба́рхатцы африка́нские | ба́рхатцы прямостоя́чие
sense:
A wild flowering plant, Tagetes erecta, native to Mexico and Central America, with numerous small orangish petals.


lexentry: eng/Mexican_wave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mexican wave
trans_list: волна
sense:
(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) A phenomenon that primarily occurs at sports events, where the members of the crowd stand up and/or raise their hands in turn, creating the illusion of a wave passing through the crowd.


lexentry: eng/Meänkieli__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Meänkieli
trans_list: ме́янкиели
sense:
A language spoken by some 40,000–70,000 people mainly in Northern Sweden. It is a variant of Finnish with a structure and grammar similar to Finnish, but the vocabulary considerably influenced by Swedish.


lexentry: eng/Mi'kmaq__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mi'kmaq
trans_list: ми́кмак
sense:
The polysynthetic Eastern Algonquian language spoken by this people, closely related to Maliseet and Passamaquoddy.


lexentry: eng/Micah__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Micah
trans_list: Михей
sense:
An Ephraimite featured in Judges 17–18 and protagonist of the Micah’s idol narrative. Also called Michas.


lexentry: eng/Michael__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Michael
trans_list: Михаи́л
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) An archangel associated with defending the faithful in the tribulation.


lexentry: eng/Michelangelo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Michelangelo
trans_list: Микела́нджело
sense:
A 15th- and 16th-century Italian artist, full name Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475–1564).


lexentry: eng/Mickey_Mouse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mickey Mouse
trans_list: Ми́кки Ма́ус | Микки Маус
sense:
The most famous Disney cartoon character, an anthropomorphic mouse with a falsetto voice and a cheerful disposition.


lexentry: eng/Micronesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Micronesia
trans_list: Микроне́зия | Микронезия
sense:
A country consisting of about 2000 islands in the Micronesia region. Official name: Federated States of Micronesia. Capital: Palikir.


lexentry: eng/Microscopium__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Microscopium
trans_list: Микроскоп
sense:
(constellation) A faint constellation of the southern spring sky, said to resemble a microscope. It lies south of the constellation of Capricornus.


lexentry: eng/Mid-Autumn_Festival__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mid-Autumn Festival
trans_list: пра́здник середи́ны о́сени
sense:
(collective) The East Asian festivals originating, inspired, or co-opted from the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival.


lexentry: eng/Midas__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Midas
trans_list: Мида́с
sense:
(Greek mythology) A king who sought and was for a while granted the cherished but subtly dangerous magical power to turn anything he touched into gold.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Ages__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Ages
trans_list: сре́дние века́ | средневеко́вье | средневековье
sense:
(history) The period of primarily European history between the decline of the Western Roman Empire (antiquity) and the early modern period or the Renaissance; the time between c. 500 and 1500 CE.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Armenian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Armenian
trans_list: среднеармянский
sense:
Middle period of the Armenian language, written down in the 11-17th centuries. Developed from Old Armenian, replaced by modern Armenian.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Chinese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Chinese
trans_list: среднекита́йский
sense:
Chinese language spoken during Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties (6th century – 10th century)


lexentry: eng/Middle_Dutch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Dutch
trans_list: средненидерландский
sense:
Collective name for a number of closely related West Germanic dialects (whose ancestor was Old Dutch) which were spoken and written between 1150 and 1500 in the present-day Dutch-speaking area. There was at that time as yet no overarching standard language, but they were all mutually intelligible.


lexentry: eng/Middle_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle East
trans_list: Бли́жний Восто́к | Сре́дний Восто́к
sense:
(geopolitics) The geopolitical region at the intersection of Asia, Africa and Europe, comprising West Asia excluding the South Caucasus and additionally including all of Egypt and all of Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Middle_English__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle English
trans_list: среднеангли́йский
sense:
The ancient or older language of Modern English, spoken in England and parts of Scotland (where it became Lowland Scots) from about 1100 AD to 1500 AD.


lexentry: eng/Middle_French__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle French
trans_list: среднефранцузский язык
sense:
A historical division of the French language, spoken roughly from 1340 to 1610, during which French became established as the official language of France.


lexentry: eng/Middle_High_German__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle High German
trans_list: средневерхненеме́цкий
sense:
An ancestor to the modern (High) German language, spoken from 1050 to about 1500. Some linguists prefer to use 1350 as the end of the Middle High German period, calling the period from 1350 to 1650 Early New High German in a broad sense.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Iranian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Iranian
trans_list: среднеира́нский
sense:
Collectively, a number of Indo-European Iranian languages spoken between the 4th century BC and the 9th century AD.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Kingdom__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Kingdom
trans_list: Сре́днее ца́рство
sense:
(historical) Egypt from the time of its reunification under Mentuhotep II in the 11th Dynasty (ending the First Intermediate Period) to its disintegration during the 13th Dynasty and the beginning of the Second Intermediate Period.


lexentry: eng/Middle_Low_German__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Middle Low German
trans_list: [[средненижненеме́цкий]] [[язы́к]]
sense:
A language or collection of dialects that descended from Old Saxon and is the ancestor of modern Low German, spoken from about 1100 to 1600.


lexentry: eng/Midi-Pyrénées__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Midi-Pyrénées
trans_list: Юг-Пиренеи
sense:
a former administrative region of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Occitania.


lexentry: eng/Midwest__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Midwest
trans_list: Средний Запад
sense:
The area of the contiguous United States contained in the central third of the country, especially the states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas, sometimes inclusive of Missouri and Kentucky.


lexentry: eng/Migration_Period__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Migration Period
trans_list: Великое переселение народов
sense:
(history) The age of mass migration of Germanic people in Europe during the early Middle Ages, circa 376 to 800 CE.


lexentry: eng/Mikałajeva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mikałajeva
trans_list: Микола́ево
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Mikałajeva sielsaviet, Šumilina Raion, Viciebsk Oblast, Belarus.


lexentry: eng/Mikałajova__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mikałajova
trans_list: Миколаёво
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Mikałajova sielsaviet, Miory Raion, Viciebsk Oblast, Belarus.


lexentry: eng/Milky_Way__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Milky Way
trans_list: Мле́чный Путь | Млечный Путь
sense:
(astronomy) A broad band of diffuse white light, visible in the night sky; our view of the dense portions of the Milky Way Galaxy from inside the galaxy. [from late 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/Milova__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Milova
trans_list: Мелова́я
sense:
A river, a left tributary of the Komyshna, originating near the village of Yasnoprominske, having its course entirely within the Starobilsk Raion of the Luhansk Oblast of Ukraine, discharging into the Komyshna near the village of Striltsivka.


lexentry: eng/Minato__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minato
trans_list: Мина́то
sense:
A special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan that is surrounded by (clockwise from north) Chiyoda, Shinagawa, Shibuya, and Shinjuku special wards as well as Tokyo Bay.


lexentry: eng/Minecraft__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minecraft
trans_list: майнкрафт
sense:
(video games) A sandbox video game, released in 2011, in which players explore a three-dimensional world made of blocks and can craft items, build structures, fight mobs to get experience points, enchant items and defeat bosses to earn rewards.


lexentry: eng/Minerva__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minerva
trans_list: Мине́рва
sense:
(Roman god) The goddess of wisdom, especially strategic warfare, and the arts, especially crafts and in particular weaving. She is the Roman counterpart of Athena.


lexentry: eng/Minnesota__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Minnesota
trans_list: Миннесо́та | Миннесота
sense:
(historical) A former territory (1849–1858) of the United States, encompassing the modern state and part of the Dakotas. Capital: Saint Paul.


lexentry: eng/Minnie__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minnie
trans_list: Минни
sense:
A diminutive of the female names Wilhelmina, Minerva, Mary, Mina, Mamie and Hermione. Popular as a formal female given name in the 19th century.


lexentry: eng/Minoan__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minoan
trans_list: минойский
sense:
Of or relating to the civilization that developed in Crete from the neolithic period to the Bronze Age (about 3000-1050 B.C.E.).


lexentry: eng/Minos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Minos
trans_list: Ми́нос
sense:
(Greek mythology) The mythological first king of Crete, a son of Zeus by Europa, who imprisoned the Minotaur in a labyrinth and after death was made a judge of the dead in Hades; a putative corresponding historical person.


lexentry: eng/Mira__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mira
trans_list: Мира
sense:
(star) A binary star in the constellation Cetus, Omicron (ο) Ceti. The system contains a variable red giant and a white dwarf. Its brightness varies from a magnitude 2 at its brightest to a magnitude 10 at its dimmest.


lexentry: eng/Mirandese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mirandese
trans_list: мира́ндский | миранде́с
sense:
An endangered Romance language spoken in the northeastern corner of Portugal, principally in the municipalities of Miranda do Douro and Vimioso.


lexentry: eng/Mishar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mishar
trans_list: мишарь
sense:
A person belonging to a major subgroup of Tatars, a.k.a. Volga Tatars, mainly populating the western part of Tatarstan and neighbouring regions of Russia.


lexentry: eng/Miss__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Miss
trans_list: ба́рышня | госпожа́ | де́вушка | мадемуазе́ль | мисс
sense:
(often disparaging or sarcastic) Used in a mock title to point out some quality, or alleged quality, of a girl or woman.


lexentry: eng/Mississippi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mississippi
trans_list: Миссиси́пи | Миссисипи
sense:
(with the) A major river in the United States, flowing southward from north-central Minnesota through Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Minnesota and Louisiana, emptying into the Gulf of Mexico.


lexentry: eng/Missouri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Missouri
trans_list: Миссу́ри | Миссури
sense:
A state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Capital: Jefferson City. Largest city: Kansas City.


lexentry: eng/Missouri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Missouri
trans_list: Миссу́ри | Миссури
sense:
(with the) The longest river in North America, rising in the Rocky Mountains of western Montana and flowing roughly southeast over 2,300 miles through North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas and Missouri, before joining the Mississippi at St. Louis.


lexentry: eng/Mitanni__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mitanni
trans_list: Митанни
sense:
(historical) Hurrian kingdom in northern Mesopotamia from circa 1500 B.C.E., at the height of its power, during the 14th century BC, encompassing what is today southeastern Turkey, northern Syria and northern Iraq.


lexentry: eng/Mnemosyne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mnemosyne
trans_list: Мнемози́на | Мнемоси́на
sense:
(Greek god) A Titaness and the personification of thought, intellect and memory. She is the daughter of Gaia and Uranus, and the mother of the Muses by Zeus.


lexentry: eng/Moabite__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moabite
trans_list: моавитский
sense:
An extinct Canaanite Semitic language, spoken in Moab (modern-day northwestern Jordan). Extinct since 5th century BCE.


lexentry: eng/Mobilian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mobilian
trans_list: мобильский жарго́н | мобильский торго́вый язы́к | яма́
sense:
An informal Native American trade language used among the tribes of the US Southeast, primarily along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. May have originally been the language of one particular tribe.


lexentry: eng/Moby-Dick__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moby-Dick
trans_list: Мо́би Дик
sense:
An 1851 novel by Herman Melville, originally titled The Whale, a highly symbolic story about a whaling ship led by Captain Ahab.


lexentry: eng/Modern_Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Modern Greek
trans_list: новогре́ческий
sense:
The Greek language as spoken by the Greek people since the fall of Constantinople in 1453. It was written using polytonic script until 1982, when this was officially dropped in favour of monotonic.


lexentry: eng/Modern_Monetary_Theory__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Modern Monetary Theory
trans_list: Современная денежная теория
sense:
A heterodox economic school of thought that posits that fiscal policy, set to constrain inflation and enable full employment, should be the primary economic stabiliser and prioritises reflection on the nature of money from a chartalist perspective.


lexentry: eng/Modern_Standard_Arabic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Modern Standard Arabic
trans_list: САЛЯ | литерату́рный ара́бский язы́к | совреме́нный ара́бский литерату́рный язы́к | фу́сха
sense:
The standard and literary variety of Arabic used in writing and in formal speech in the Arab world since c. the 19th century.


lexentry: eng/Moesia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moesia
trans_list: Мёзия
sense:
(historical) An ancient region and later former Roman province situated in the Balkans, along the south bank of the Danube river, mainly in what is now Bulgaria and Serbia.


lexentry: eng/Mohawk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mohawk
trans_list: могавк | могаук | мохавк | мохок
sense:
A member of an indigenous people of North America originally from the Mohawk Valley in upstate New York to southern Quebec and eastern Ontario, the easternmost of the Iroquois Five Nations.


lexentry: eng/Mohawk__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mohawk
trans_list: ироке́з
sense:
A hairstyle where both sides are shaved, with the hair along the crest of the head kept long, and usually styled so as to stand straight up.


lexentry: eng/Moldavia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moldavia
trans_list: Молда́вия | Молдо́ва
sense:
(historical) A former principality in Eastern Europe, which occupied a region now made up of the country of Moldova and northeastern Romania.


lexentry: eng/Moldavia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Moldavia
trans_list: Молда́вия | Молдо́ва
sense:
Moldavia, Western Moldavia (a region in eastern Romania adjacent to the country of Moldova, once part of the principality of Moldova).


lexentry: eng/Moldavian_SSR__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moldavian SSR
trans_list: Молда́вская ССР
sense:
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, the name for the Republic of Moldova while under the rule of the Soviet Union (1940–1941 and 1945–1991).


lexentry: eng/Moldavian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moldavian
trans_list: молдаванка
sense:
(historical) An inhabitant or citizen of the former Principality of Moldavia or Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic.


lexentry: eng/Moldova__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moldova
trans_list: Молдо́ва | Молда́вия | Молдавия
sense:
A country in Eastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Moldova. Capital and largest city: Chișinău.


lexentry: eng/Moldova__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Moldova
trans_list: Молдо́ва | Молда́вия | Молдавия
sense:
A region in eastern Romania adjacent to the country of Moldova, once part of the principality of Moldova.


lexentry: eng/Moldovan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moldovan
trans_list: молда́вский
sense:
The dialect of Romanian spoken in the Republic of Moldova, which may be written in either the Cyrillic or the Roman alphabet.


lexentry: eng/Molokan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Molokan
trans_list: молока́нин | молокан
sense:
A member of a Christian sect that evolved from "Spiritual Christian" Russian peasants who refused to obey the Russian Orthodox Church, beginning in the 1600s in the Russian Empire as an indigenous adaptation of the Protestant movement from Europe. Named for their heresy of eating (including dairy foods), instead of fasting, during Lent.


lexentry: eng/Molotov_cocktail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Molotov cocktail
trans_list: кокте́йль Мо́лотова | коктейль Молотова
sense:
A crude incendiary bomb made from a glass bottle, either filled with a flammable liquid such as petroleum and supplied with a rag for a fuse that is lit just before being hurled, or filled with such a mix of flammable liquids that it ignites itself when it is smashed and its contents are exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/Mon__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mon
trans_list: мон
sense:
A member of a people living primarily in the Mon State of Myanmar (also known as Burma), and in Thailand.


lexentry: eng/Mona_Lisa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mona Lisa
trans_list: Джоко́нда | Мо́на Ли́за
sense:
(with definite article) A portrait painting by Leonardo da Vinci, widely considered to be the most famous painting in history.


lexentry: eng/Monchique__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Monchique
trans_list: Монши́ке | Монши́ки
sense:
A small island off the coast of the island of Flores, in the western part of the Azores autonomous region, Portugal.


lexentry: eng/Monday__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monday
trans_list: понедельник | понеде́льник
sense:
The second day of the week in many religious traditions, and the first day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm. It follows Sunday and precedes Tuesday.


lexentry: eng/Mongolian_Plateau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mongolian Plateau
trans_list: Монго́льское плато́
sense:
A plateau located between Mongolia, China and Russia with an area of approximately 3,200,000 square kilometres.


lexentry: eng/Mongolian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mongolian
trans_list: [[монго́льский]] [[язы́к]] | монго́льский
sense:
(uncountable) A group of languages from Mongolia, specifically Khalkha, the official language of Mongolia.


lexentry: eng/Mongolian_gazelle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mongolian gazelle
trans_list: дзерен
sense:
A medium-sized antelope native to the semiarid Central Asian steppes of Mongolia, as well as some parts of Siberia and China, Procapra gutturosa.


lexentry: eng/Mongolian_spot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mongolian spot
trans_list: монго́льское пятно́
sense:
A benign, flat, congenital, usually blue to blue-black birthmark on the lower back with wavy borders and irregular shape, prevalent among East Asians, South-East Asians, Polynesians, Native Americans, East Africans, and the Turkish people. It normally disappears three to five years after birth and almost always by puberty.


lexentry: eng/Monmouthshire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monmouthshire
trans_list: Монмутшир
sense:
A maritime traditional county of England and Wales, bordered by to the east by Gloucestershire, to the northeast by Herefordshire, to the north by Brecknockshire, to the west by Glamorganshire and to the south by the Bristol Channel. It was part of England until renamed Gwent and taken into Wales in 1974.


lexentry: eng/Monoceros__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monoceros
trans_list: Единорог
sense:
(constellation) A winter constellation of the northern sky, said to resemble a unicorn. It lies amid the Milky Way, just east of the constellation Orion.


lexentry: eng/Monophysite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monophysite
trans_list: монофизит
sense:
(Christianity) A member of a Christian sect which held that Jesus Christ has one nature, as opposed to the Chalcedonian view that Christ has two natures, both fully man and fully God, and is co-eternal and co-substantial with the Father.


lexentry: eng/Monopoly__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monopoly
trans_list: монопо́лия
sense:
(board games) A board game in which players use play money to buy and trade properties, with the objective of forcing opponents into bankruptcy.


lexentry: eng/Montanism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Montanism
trans_list: монтанизм
sense:
(Christianity) The doctrines of a heretical sect of the second to fifth centuries in Asia Minor, who held millenarian beliefs.


lexentry: eng/Monte_Carlo_method__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Monte Carlo method
trans_list: ме́тод Мо́нте-Ка́рло
sense:
(mathematics, statistics) Any of a class of techniques for estimating the solution of a numerical mathematical problem by means of a random artificial sampling experiment that simulates the problem.


lexentry: eng/Montenegrin__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Montenegrin
trans_list: черного́рский | черногорский
sense:
(uncountable) The standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken in Montenegro.


lexentry: eng/Montenegro__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Montenegro
trans_list: Черного́рия | Монтене́гро | Черногория
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Capital and largest city: Podgorica. Part of Yugoslavia until 2003, then part of Serbia and Montenegro until 2006.


lexentry: eng/Montgolfier_balloon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Montgolfier balloon
trans_list: монгольфьер
sense:
The most common type of hot-air balloon, a balloon lifted by only heated air with onboard burners, and a usually-manned platform at the base.


lexentry: eng/Moon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moon
trans_list: Луна́ | луна́ | ме́сяц | Луна
sense:
The Earth's moon; the sole natural satellite of the Earth, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☾.


lexentry: eng/Moor__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Moor
trans_list: мавр
sense:
(historical) A member of an Islamic people of Arab or Amazigh origin ruling Spain and parts of North Africa from the 8th to the 15th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Moorish__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Moorish
trans_list: маврита́нский
sense:
(architecture) Of or pertaining to a style of Spanish and Portuguese architecture from the time of the Moors, characterized by the horseshoe arch and ornate, geometric decoration.


lexentry: eng/Mordecai__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mordecai
trans_list: Мардохе́й
sense:
(Biblical character) One of the main personalities in the Book of Esther. He adopted and raised his cousin Esther and foiled a plot to assassinate the king.


lexentry: eng/Mordovia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mordovia
trans_list: Мордо́вия | Мордовия
sense:
A republic and federal subject of southwestern Russia. Official name: Republic of Mordovia. Capital: Saransk.


lexentry: eng/Mormon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mormon
trans_list: мормо́н | мормо́нка
sense:
(originally, derogatory, sometimes, proscribed) A believer in the Mormon religion, which views Joseph Smith as a prophet of God and holds the Bible and the Book of Mormon as its primary scriptures.


lexentry: eng/Mormonism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mormonism
trans_list: мормонизм
sense:
Religious, ideological, and cultural aspects of the various denominations of the Latter-day Saint movement.


lexentry: eng/Moroni__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Moroni
trans_list: Моро́ний
sense:
(Mormonism) One of two prophets and military and spiritual leaders of the Nephites, the latter of whom became the author of one of the books in the Book of Mormon.


lexentry: eng/Morpheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morpheus
trans_list: Морфей
sense:
(Greek god) The god and personification of dreams; according to the Roman poet Ovid, one of the sons of Somnus, the god of sleep.


lexentry: eng/Morris_column__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morris column
trans_list: афи́шная ту́мба
sense:
A cylindrical outdoor sidewalk structure (like a column) used for advertising; an advertising column


lexentry: eng/Morse_code__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Morse code
trans_list: а́збука Мо́рзе | код Мо́рзе
sense:
(telecommunications) A character code represented by dots and dashes (or short and long pulses), originally used to send messages by telegraph, later by flashes of light or by radio.


lexentry: eng/Moscow__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: Moscow
trans_list: Мо́скоу
sense:
(MLE, slang) A nickname for the Brandon Estate, a social housing estate in Southwark, Central London.


lexentry: eng/Moselle__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moselle
trans_list: Мозель
sense:
A left tributary of Rhine, flowing through the departments of Vosges, Meurthe-et-Moselle and Moselle in northeastern France, through Luxembourg, and through the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Germany.


lexentry: eng/Moses__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moses
trans_list: Моисе́й | Моисей
sense:
(biblical character) The pharaonic patriarch who led the enslaved Hebrews out of Egypt, the brother of Aaron and Miriam described in the Book of Exodus and the Quran.


lexentry: eng/Moshoryne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Moshoryne
trans_list: Мошо́рино
sense:
A village in Subottsi rural hromada, Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine, resettled and renamed by migrants from the Pannonian Plain in 1752.


lexentry: eng/Mother's_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mother's Day
trans_list: День ма́тери | День матери
sense:
(US, Canada) A day in honor of one's mother on the second Sunday in May in the United States and Canada.


lexentry: eng/Mother_Hubbard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mother Hubbard
trans_list: [[миссионер|миссионе́рское]] [[пла́тье]]
sense:
(fashion) A long, wide, loose gown with long sleeves and a high neck originally introduced by Christian missionaries as an adaptation of 19th-century European fashion to Polynesia but subsequently inclusive of lighter and more colorful variations.


lexentry: eng/Mother_of_God__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mother of God
trans_list: Богома́терь | Богоро́дица | Ма́терь Бо́жия | Ма́терь Бо́жья
sense:
(Christianity) A dogmatic title of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role as mother of God (God the Son).


lexentry: eng/Mount_Athos__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount Athos
trans_list: Афо́н | Святая Гора
sense:
A mountain and peninsula in northeastern Greece which is an important centre of Greek Orthodox monasticism.


lexentry: eng/Mount_Erebus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount Erebus
trans_list: Э́ребус
sense:
A volcano in Ross Island, Ross Dependency, Antarctica; known for being the southernmost active volcano.


lexentry: eng/Mount_Everest__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount Everest
trans_list: Джомолу́нгма | Эвере́ст
sense:
A mountain in the Himalayas, on the border of Solukhumbu district, Koshi, Nepal and Tingri County, Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China; the world's highest mountain above sea level. [from 1856]


lexentry: eng/Mount_Mayon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount Mayon
trans_list: Майон (вулкан)
sense:
The most active volcano in the Philippines, located in Albay province and known for its almost perfect cone shape.


lexentry: eng/Mount_Megiddo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount Megiddo
trans_list: Меги́ддо
sense:
A hill in modern Israel near the kibbutz of Megiddo, known for its historical, geographical, and theological importance.


lexentry: eng/Mount_of_Olives__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mount of Olives
trans_list: Елео́нская гора́ | Ма́сли́чная гора́
sense:
A mountain ridge east of and adjacent to the Old City of Jerusalem, a holy place for both Judaism and Christianity.


lexentry: eng/Mozambique__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mozambique
trans_list: Мозамбик | Мозамби́к
sense:
A country in East Africa and Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of Mozambique (since 1990). Capital: Maputo.


lexentry: eng/Mozarabic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mozarabic
trans_list: мосара́бский
sense:
A continuum of closely related Romance dialects spoken in Muslim-dominated areas of the Iberian Peninsula during the early stages of the development of the Romance language in Iberia.


lexentry: eng/Mozart__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mozart
trans_list: Мо́царт
sense:
A surname from German; (music) used specifically of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period.


lexentry: eng/Mozartian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mozartian
trans_list: моцартовский
sense:
Of or pertaining to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), prolific and influential composer of classical music.


lexentry: eng/Mrs__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mrs
trans_list: г-жа | госпожа́ | мада́м | ми́ссис
sense:
Abbreviation of Missus or Mistress; used before an adult woman's name or surname, used for any high-status woman without regard to marital status until the 1800s, after which it began to be reserved for married, divorced and widowed women and used with their married surnames.


lexentry: eng/Ms__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ms
trans_list: г-жа | госпожа́
sense:
Title used before an adult woman's name or surname, especially when it is not desired or possible to indicate her marital status with Miss or Mrs.


lexentry: eng/Mtskheta__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mtskheta
trans_list: Мцхе́та
sense:
A city in the province of Mtskheta-Mtianeti, Georgia; one of the oldest cities in the country and historical capital of the ancient Kingdom of Iberia.


lexentry: eng/Muay_Thai__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Muay Thai
trans_list: муай-тай | та́йский бокс | тай-бокс
sense:
(martial arts) A sport practiced in Thailand which is similar to boxing but also allows strikes with the shins, feet, elbows, and knees.


lexentry: eng/Muhammad__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Muhammad
trans_list: Магоме́т | Моха́ммед | Муха́ммад | Муха́ммед
sense:
(Islam, uncountable) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.


lexentry: eng/Munsee__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Munsee
trans_list: мунси
sense:
An endangered Eastern Algonquian language, one of the two Lenape/Delaware languages (the other is called Unami), spoken aboriginally in the vicinity of what is now New York City.


lexentry: eng/Murphy_bed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Murphy bed
trans_list: складна́я кровать
sense:
(North America) A light type of bed designed to be folded up or swung into a wall or closet for storage when not in use. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Murray__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Murray
trans_list: Ма́рри | Му́ррей
sense:
A local government area, the Shire of Murray, in the Peel region, Western Australia, probably named after the Murray River (Western Australia).


lexentry: eng/Musca__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Musca
trans_list: Му́ха | Муха
sense:
(constellation) An autumn constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a fly, between the constellations of Carina and Apus.


lexentry: eng/Muscovy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Muscovy
trans_list: Вели́кое кня́жество Моско́вское | Моско́вия | Моско́вское госуда́рство
sense:
The Russian territory around and ruled from Moscow by grand princes until it became the nucleus of a united Russia, which its dynasty ruled first as czars (kings) from Moscow, later as emperors from Saint Petersburg.


lexentry: eng/Myanmar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Myanmar
trans_list: Би́рма | Мья́нма | Мьянма
sense:
A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Capital: Naypyidaw. Also known as Burma (which was formerly the official name).


lexentry: eng/Mycenae__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mycenae
trans_list: Мике́ны | Микены
sense:
An ancient Greek city in the NE Peloponnesus on the plain of Argos, inhabited since about 4000 B.C.E.


lexentry: eng/Mykolaieve__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mykolaieve
trans_list: Никола́ево
sense:
A former village in Danylivka silrada, Krasnohvardiiske Raion, Crimea Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic; it disappeared somewhen 1960–1968.


lexentry: eng/Mykolaieve__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Mykolaieve
trans_list: Никола́ево
sense:
A former rural-type settlement in Podillia silrada, Veselynove Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine, disincorporated in March 2013.


lexentry: eng/Mykolaiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Mykolaiv
trans_list: Никола́ев | Николаев
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Mykolaiv urban hromada, Mykolaiv Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1789 at the confluence of the Inhul and the Southern Buh.


lexentry: eng/Mykolaivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 24
written_rep: Mykolaivka
trans_list: Никола́евка
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Mykolaivka urban hromada, Kramatorsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in the first half of the eighteenth century.


lexentry: eng/Mykolaivske__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mykolaivske
trans_list: Никола́евское
sense:
A former village in Mykhalchyna-Sloboda silrada, Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in the 1920s–30s, disincorporated in July 2016.


lexentry: eng/Myrtoan_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Myrtoan Sea
trans_list: Миртойское море
sense:
A sea in Greece, part of the Mediterranean; comprised of the waters between the Cyclades and the Peloponnese.


lexentry: eng/Mysian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Mysian
trans_list: мизийский
sense:
An extinct unclassified language, possibly belonging to the Anatolian subgroup of Indo-European languages.


lexentry: eng/Möbius_strip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Möbius strip
trans_list: лист Мёбиуса | ле́нта Мёбиуса
sense:
(topology) A one-sided surface formed by identifying two opposite edges of a square in opposite senses;a narrow strip given a half twist and joined at the ends, forming a three-dimensional embedding of said surface.


lexentry: eng/Münchausen_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Münchausen syndrome
trans_list: синдро́м Мюнхга́узена
sense:
(phychiatry) A factitious (artificial) mental disorder in which a person feigns illness or psychological trauma in order to garner attention or sympathy.


lexentry: eng/NAFLD__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: NAFLD
trans_list: НЖБП | неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени
sense:
(disease) Initialism of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of disorders characterized by predominantly macrovesicular hepatic steatosis occurring in individuals in the absence of significant alcohol consumption.


lexentry: eng/NKVD__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: NKVD
trans_list: НКВД
sense:
The People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs — the Soviet interior ministry known for its secret police, forerunner of the KGB


lexentry: eng/NMR_spectroscopy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: NMR spectroscopy
trans_list: ЯМР-спектроскопия
sense:
(analytical chemistry) An analytical technique that exploits fine differences in the frequency of nuclear magnetic resonance in protons (and 13C atoms, etc.) within organic compounds that depends on their neighbouring atoms.


lexentry: eng/NOT__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: NOT
trans_list: отрицать
sense:
(mathematics, logic) A unary operation on logical values that changes true to false, and false to true.


lexentry: eng/Nadsat__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nadsat
trans_list: Надсат
sense:
The Russian-influenced argot used by the teenage protagonists in Anthony Burgess's novel A Clockwork Orange (1962). [from 1962]


lexentry: eng/Nagorno-Karabakh_Republic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
trans_list: Наго́рно-Караба́хская Респу́блика
sense:
(historical) An erstwhile Armenian-populated republic with limited recognition in the Nagorno-Karabakh region of the South Caucasus that existed between 1991 and 2024.


lexentry: eng/Nakano__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Nakano
trans_list: Нака́но
sense:
A special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan that is surrounded by (clockwise from north) Nerima, Toshima, Shinjuku, Shibuya, and Suginami special wards.


lexentry: eng/Nakba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nakba
trans_list: на́кба
sense:
(politics) The dispossession of land and other property, destruction of society, and suppression of culture and political rights experienced by Palestinian Arabs occuring since the 1948 Palestine war and establishment of the State of Israel.


lexentry: eng/Nakhichevan-on-Don__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nakhichevan-on-Don
trans_list: Нахичева́нь-на-Дону́
sense:
Originally a town established on the right bank of Don in Russia by Armenians resettled from Crimea; later incorporated into the city of Rostov-on-Don.


lexentry: eng/Nanjing__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nanjing
trans_list: Нанки́н | Наньцзи́н
sense:
A major subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Jiangsu, China, on the lower Yangtze; a former capital of China.


lexentry: eng/Napier's_bones__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Napier's bones
trans_list: не́перовы па́лочки | па́лочки Не́пера
sense:
(arithmetic) A set of numbered rods used for multiplication and division (see the Wikipedia article for a fuller explanation).


lexentry: eng/Naples__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Naples
trans_list: Неа́поль | Неаполь
sense:
A port city and comune, the capital of the Metropolitan City of Naples and the region of Campania, Italy.


lexentry: eng/Narcissus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Narcissus
trans_list: Нарци́сс
sense:
(Greek mythology) A youth who spurned the love of Echo and fell in love with his own reflection in a pool: in some versions of the myth, he drowned trying to reach it, while in others he sat fixated until a god took pity and transformed him into a flower.


lexentry: eng/Narnia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Narnia
trans_list: На́рния
sense:
(fantasy) A land in which a series of seven children's books, The Chronicles of Narnia by C. S. Lewis are set.


lexentry: eng/Nastaliq__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nastaliq
trans_list: настали́к
sense:
A form of Arabic calligraphy mostly used for Persian and languages it has influenced, including Urdu and Ottoman Turkish.


lexentry: eng/Nataraja__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nataraja
trans_list: Натараджа
sense:
(Hinduism) The dancing posture of the Hindu god Shiva, who performs his divine dance as a part of his activities of creation and destruction.


lexentry: eng/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
trans_list: Национальное управление по аэронавтике и исследованию космического пространства
sense:
A civilian agency of the government of the United States of America, charged with space and aeronautical research and space exploration.


lexentry: eng/National_Bolshevism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: National Bolshevism
trans_list: национа̀л-большеви́зм
sense:
A neo-fascist ultranationalist ideology primarily originated from Russia that combines strong elements of classical fascism with economical communism.


lexentry: eng/National_Socialist_German_Workers'_Party__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: National Socialist German Workers' Party
trans_list: Национа́л-социалисти́ческая неме́цкая рабо́чая па́ртия
sense:
(historical, Nazism, German politics) A far-Right political party from Germany, commonly known as the Nazi Party


lexentry: eng/Navajo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Navajo
trans_list: нава́хо | Навахо
sense:
An Apachean (Southern Athabaskan) language of the Athabascan language family belonging to the Na-Dené phylum. It is spoken by 149,000 people in the American Southwest (Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, and Colorado).


lexentry: eng/Naypyidaw__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Naypyidaw
trans_list: Найпьидо́ | Нейпьидо́
sense:
The capital city (since 2006) of Burma (Myanmar), located in Pyinmana Township, Mandalay Division (approximately 320 kilometres north of Yangon).


lexentry: eng/Nazi__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazi
trans_list: наци́стский | нацистский
sense:
(historical) Of or pertaining to the Nazi Party specifically, or to Nazism, neo-Nazism, or neo-Nazis more generally.


lexentry: eng/Nazi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazi
trans_list: на́ци | на́цик | наци́ст | наци́стка | фаши́ст | фаши́стка
sense:
(historical) A member of the Nazi Party (the National Socialist German Workers' Party or NSDAP). [1930]


lexentry: eng/Nazianzus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazianzus
trans_list: Назианз
sense:
(historical) A town in the ancient region of Cappadocia, near the modern village of Bekarlar in Gülağaç District, Aksaray Province, Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Nazism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nazism
trans_list: наци́зм | нацизм
sense:
The ideology of the Nazi Party (the National Socialist German Workers' Party or NSDAP), being a form of fascism characterised by Adolf Hitler's cult of personality, hate propaganda, white supremacy, extreme bigotry (especially antisemitism and racism), eugenics, mass violence, genocide, ethnonationalist territorial expansion (Lebensraum) and state capitalism.


lexentry: eng/Naʼvi__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Naʼvi
trans_list: на’ви
sense:
A constructed language designed by Paul Frommer to be spoken by fictional extraterrestrials in the 2009 film Avatar.


lexentry: eng/Neapolitan__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neapolitan
trans_list: неаполита́нский | неаполитанский
sense:
Of, from or relating to the city of Naples, capital and largest city of Campania, Italy, or the surrounding metropolitan city.


lexentry: eng/Neapolitan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neapolitan
trans_list: неаполита́нец | неаполита́нка
sense:
A native or inhabitant of the city of Naples, capital and largest city of Campania, Italy, or the surrounding metropolitan city.


lexentry: eng/Near_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Near East
trans_list: Бли́жний Восто́к
sense:
(historical) The geographic region of Western Asia located southeast of Eastern Europe, comprising Anatolia, Transcaucasia, the Levant, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, and Arabia; used primarily in historical contexts.


lexentry: eng/Nebuchadnezzar__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nebuchadnezzar
trans_list: Навуходоно́сор
sense:
A ruler of Babylon in the Chaldean Dynasty who reigned c. 605 B.C.E. – 562 B.C.E. According to the Bible, he conquered Judah and Jerusalem, and sent the Israelites into exile.


lexentry: eng/Nefertem__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nefertem
trans_list: Нефертум
sense:
(Egyptian god) An ancient Egyptian god, who represented the first sunlight and the delightful smell of the Egyptian blue lotus flower


lexentry: eng/Nemean_Lion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nemean Lion
trans_list: Неме́йский Лев
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythical lion of ancient Nemea that was invulnerable to attack by weapons and was slain by Hercules as one of his labours.


lexentry: eng/Neoplatonism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neoplatonism
trans_list: неоплатони́зм
sense:
A school of philosophy based on the teachings of Plato and, subsequently, Plotinus; it was the foundation for paganism.


lexentry: eng/Nepal__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nepal
trans_list: Непал | Непа́л
sense:
A country in South Asia, located between China and India. Official name: Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Capital and largest city: Kathmandu.


lexentry: eng/Nephthys__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nephthys
trans_list: Нефтида
sense:
(Egyptian god) An ancient Egyptian goddess, the wife of Set and sister of Isis, Osiris, and Set, worshiped as a protective goddess and nurse of the pharaoh and associated with funerary rites and the transition from life to death.


lexentry: eng/Neptune__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Neptune
trans_list: Непту́н | Нептун
sense:
(Roman mythology) The god of the ocean and of earthquakes, equivalent to Poseidon in Greek mythology.


lexentry: eng/Neptunian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neptunian
trans_list: нептуновый
sense:
(Roman mythology) Of or pertaining to Neptune, the Roman god of fresh water and the sea, the counterpart of the Greek god Poseidon.


lexentry: eng/Nereid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nereid
trans_list: нереи́да
sense:
(Greek mythology) Any one of the fifty sea-nymphs who were daughters of the sea-god Nereus and attendants upon Poseidon (Neptune), and were represented as riding on sea horses, sometimes in human form and sometimes with the tail of a fish.


lexentry: eng/Nestorianism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nestorianism
trans_list: несториа́нство
sense:
(Christianity) The Christological doctrine ascribed to Nestorius, condemned as heretical by the Council of Ephesus but later also ascribed to the Church of the East, holding that within Christ there are two distinct hypostases, divine and human.


lexentry: eng/Nestryha__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nestryha
trans_list: Нестри́га
sense:
A river island in the Dnieper Delta, beginning at the bifurcation of the Rvach from the Dnieper and ending at the confluence of their respective distributaries, the Vilkhova and the Domakha.


lexentry: eng/Netherlands_Antilles__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Netherlands Antilles
trans_list: Нидерла́ндские Анти́льские острова́ | Нидерландские Антильские острова
sense:
(historical) A former autonomous country and set of islands within the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean, composed of the islands of Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba and Sint Maarten, dissolved in 2010.


lexentry: eng/Netherlands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Netherlands
trans_list: Голла́ндия | Нидерла́нды | Нидерланды
sense:
The Kingdom of the Netherlands. A country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten.


lexentry: eng/Netherlands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Netherlands
trans_list: Голла́ндия | Нидерла́нды | Нидерланды
sense:
(rare, chiefly, historical) the Low Countries, a region of Western Europe located around the low-lying areas in and around the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, including the countries of the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg.


lexentry: eng/Neuhoffnung__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neuhoffnung
trans_list: Нейгофнунг | Нейгофнунгская [[во́лость]]
sense:
A former colony, the administrative centre of Neuhoffnung volost, Berdiansk povit, Taurida Governorate, the Russian Empire, founded by Evangelical Lutherans from Württemberg in 1822; now the western part of present-day Osypenko.


lexentry: eng/Neuhoffnung__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Neuhoffnung
trans_list: Нейгофнунгская [[во́лость]]
sense:
A former volost of Berdiansk povit, Taurida Governorate, the Russian Empire, established in 1871, abolished a. 1925.


lexentry: eng/Nevi'im__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nevi'im
trans_list: Невии́м
sense:
(bible) A subdivision of the Hebrew Testament (Tanakh) that is known in English as the Prophets. This section is subdivided into two sections, the Former Prophets and the Latter Prophets. The Latter Prophets is further subdivided into the Major Prophets and the Minor Prophets (known as the Twelve).


lexentry: eng/New_Caledonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Caledonia
trans_list: Но́вая Каледо́ния | Новая Каледония
sense:
An archipelago and overseas territory of France in Oceania. Official name: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies.


lexentry: eng/New_England__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New England
trans_list: Но́вая А́нглия
sense:
A geographic region of the northeastern United States, consisting of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont.


lexentry: eng/New_France__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New France
trans_list: Но́вая Фра́нция
sense:
(historical) A group of former French colonies in North America, existing from 1534 to 1763 in much of modern eastern Canada and the United States.


lexentry: eng/New_Guinea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Guinea
trans_list: Но́вая Гвине́я | Новая Гвинея
sense:
A large island in the Pacific Ocean north of Australia, in Oceania, whose territory is divided between Indonesia in the west and Papua New Guinea in the east.


lexentry: eng/New_Guinea_singing_dog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Guinea singing dog
trans_list: Новогвинейская поющая собака
sense:
(zoology) Canis lupus hallstromi, a dog of an ancient lineage found in the New Guinea Highlands on the island of New Guinea, having a distinctive melodious howl.


lexentry: eng/New_Latin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Latin
trans_list: новолаты́нь
sense:
The reformed Latin language as written or spoken as a lingua franca from 14th century Renaissance Latin to Contemporary Latin beginning in the late 19th century.


lexentry: eng/New_Netherland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Netherland
trans_list: Новые Нидерланды
sense:
(historical) A former colony of the Netherlands: A Dutch colonial province along the east coast of North America, capital New Amsterdam


lexentry: eng/New_Objectivity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Objectivity
trans_list: но́вая ве́щность | но́вая веще́ственность | но́вая предме́тность
sense:
An anti-expressionist artistic movement of the first half of the twentieth century that espoused direct, unadorned, matter-of-fact aesthetics.


lexentry: eng/New_Orleans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Orleans
trans_list: Но́вый Орлеа́н | Новый Орлеан
sense:
The largest city in Louisiana, United States and the parish seat of Orleans Parish, which is coterminous with the city.


lexentry: eng/New_South_Wales__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New South Wales
trans_list: Но́вый Ю́жный Уэ́льс
sense:
A state of Australia, located in the southeastern part of the continent; a former British colony from 1788 to 1901. Capital: Sydney.


lexentry: eng/New_Spain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Spain
trans_list: Но́вая Испа́ния | Новая Испания
sense:
(historical) A former viceroyalty (a type of colony) in North America and Central America that existed from 1521 to 1821. It comprised of Spain's territorial possessions in the New World including the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America, and the Philippines, established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521.


lexentry: eng/New_Testament__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Testament
trans_list: Но́вый Заве́т | Новый Завет
sense:
(bible, Christianity) The second half of the Christian Bible, which includes the four Gospels, the Book of Acts, the Epistles, and the Book of Revelation.


lexentry: eng/New_World_Order__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New World Order
trans_list: но́вый мирово́й поря́док
sense:
A vision for the world in which greater peace and stability is achieved through a new political order.


lexentry: eng/New_World_monkey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New World monkey
trans_list: обезья́на Но́вого Све́та | широко́носая обезья́на
sense:
Any monkey from any of the superfamily Ceboidea: five families of primates that are found in Central America and South America: Callitrichidae, Cebidae, Aotidae, Pitheciidae, and Atelidae.


lexentry: eng/New_Year's_Day__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Year's Day
trans_list: Но́вый год | Новый год
sense:
A holiday celebrating the first day of the New Year, celebrated on January 1 in cultures following the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/New_Year's_Eve__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Year's Eve
trans_list: кану́н но́вого го́да
sense:
The holiday occurring on the last day of the year, celebrated on December 31st in cultures following the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/New_Year__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: New Year
trans_list: Но́вый год | Новый год
sense:
In particular, January 1 in the Julian and Gregorian calendar (New Year’s Day) and the days following.


lexentry: eng/New_York_City__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New York City
trans_list: Нью-Йо́рк
sense:
The largest city in the United States, situated in the state of New York at the mouth of the Hudson River on the northeastern Atlantic Coast.


lexentry: eng/New_York__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New York
trans_list: Нью-Йо́рк
sense:
The largest city in the state of New York, and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey.


lexentry: eng/New_York__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: New York
trans_list: Новгоро́дское | Нью-Йо́рк
sense:
A settlement in Toretsk urban hromada, Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine (co-ordinates: 48°19′55″N 37°50′11″E).


lexentry: eng/New_Yorker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: A native or resident of the state of New York in the United States of America.
written_rep: New Yorker
trans_list:
[[жи́тель]] [[Нью-Йорк|Нью-Йо́рка]] | [[жи́тель]] [[штат|шта́та]] [[Нью-Йо́рк]] | [[жи́тельница]] [[Нью-Йорк|Нью-Йо́рка]] | [[жи́тельница]] [[штат|шта́та]] [[Нью-Йо́рк]] | нью-йо́ркец


lexentry: eng/New_Zealand__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: New Zealand
trans_list: Но́вая Зела́ндия | новозела́ндский | Новая Зеландия
sense:
A country and archipelago of Oceania, to the east of Australia. Official name: New Zealand. Capital: Wellington.


lexentry: eng/Newari__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newari
trans_list: нева́рский язы́к | невари | непал-бхаса
sense:
A Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Nepal, India and Bhutan by the Newa people, and the only Tibeto-Burman language written in Devanagari script.


lexentry: eng/Newfoundland__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newfoundland
trans_list: водола́з | ньюфа́ундленд
sense:
A very large breed of working dog from Newfoundland, with a shaggy, usually black coat, known for its water rescue ability, strength, and gentle disposition.


lexentry: eng/Newfoundland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newfoundland
trans_list: Ньюфа́ундленд | Ньюфаундленд
sense:
A large island off the coast of eastern Canada, which, along with Labrador, has composed the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador since 1949, and the Dominion of Newfoundland, before it.


lexentry: eng/Newfoundland_and_Labrador__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newfoundland and Labrador
trans_list: Ньюфа́ундленд и Лабрадо́р
sense:
A province in eastern Canada; abbreviation Nfld., Nfld, NL, N.L., N. L., or NF; formerly, Newfoundland (1949–2001). Capital: St. John's.


lexentry: eng/Newspeak__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Newspeak
trans_list: новоя́з
sense:
(computer languages) A highly dynamic and reflective programming language descended from Smalltalk, supporting both object-oriented and functional programming.


lexentry: eng/Newton's_cradle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newton's cradle
trans_list: колыбель Ньютона
sense:
A device that demonstrates conservation of momentum and energy via a series of swinging spheres. When a sphere at one end is lifted and released, the resulting force travels through the line and pushes the opposite sphere upward, repeating the process as it swings back down.


lexentry: eng/Newton's_first_law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newton's first law
trans_list: пе́рвый зако́н Ньютона
sense:
(mechanics) The observation that objects in motion tend to stay in motion, and objects at rest tend to stay at rest unless an outside force acts upon them.


lexentry: eng/Newton's_second_law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newton's second law
trans_list: второ́й зако́н Ньютона
sense:
(mechanics) Newton's observation that the rate of change of the momentum of a body is directly proportional to, and in the same direction as, the net force acting on it. Often stated as F = ma: F = force, m = mass, a = acceleration.


lexentry: eng/Newton's_third_law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Newton's third law
trans_list: тре́тий зако́н Ньютона
sense:
(mechanics) Newton's observation that to every action (force applied) there is an equal and opposite reaction (equal force applied in the opposite direction).


lexentry: eng/Nezhegol__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nezhegol
trans_list: Не́жеголь
sense:
A small river in Belgorod Oblast, Russia, near Ukraine. The town of Shebekino sits near the mouth of the Nezhegol where it flows into the Donets.


lexentry: eng/Niagara_Falls__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Niagara Falls
trans_list: Ниага́рский водопа́д
sense:
A waterfall in Niagara river, Niagara region, on the international border between Canada and United States, in both Ontario and New York state; Massive waterfalls located on the Niagara River.


lexentry: eng/Nice__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nice
trans_list: Ни́цца | Ницца
sense:
A coastal city, the capital of Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeast France.


lexentry: eng/Nicene_Creed__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nicene Creed
trans_list: Нике́йский си́мвол ве́ры | Нике́о-Царегра́дский Си́мвол ве́ры
sense:
The first official creed of the early Christian church, stating the basic tenets of the Christian faith, including the homoousian nature of the Holy Trinity.


lexentry: eng/Nietzschean__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nietzschean
trans_list: ницшеа́нский
sense:
Of, pertaining to or characteristic of Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900), German philosopher, or his writings.


lexentry: eng/Nigeria__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nigeria
trans_list: Ниге́рия | Нигерия
sense:
A country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger. Official name: Federal Republic of Nigeria. Capital: Abuja. Largest city: Lagos. Currency: naira (₦).


lexentry: eng/Nihilism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nihilism
trans_list: нигили́зм
sense:
(Russia, politics, historical) A movement of the 1860s that rejected all authority and promoted the use of violence for political change.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayev__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Nikolayev
trans_list: Никола́ев
sense:
A khutor in Znamenka rural settlement, Morozovsk Raion, Rostov Oblast, Southern Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayev__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Nikolayev
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евская]] [[губе́рния]] | Никола́ев
sense:
(historical) The former Russian name, from the 8th (O.S.) or 20th (N.S.) of October 1802 until the 15th (O.S.) or 27th (N.S.) of May 1803, of the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevka
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евский]] [[райо́н]]
sense:
An urban settlement of Nikolayevka Raion, Ulyanovsk Oblast, Volga Federal District, Russia, established in May 2005.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevka
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евское]] [[городской|городско́е]] [[поселе́ние]] | Никола́евка
sense:
An urban-type settlement (a workers’ settlement), the administrative centre of Nikolayevka urban settlement and Nikolayevka Raion, Ulyanovsk Oblast, Volga Federal District, Russia, founded in 1839.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevo
trans_list: Никола́ево
sense:
A hamlet in Podbolotye rural settlement, the Raion imeni Babushkina, Vologda Oblast, Northwestern Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevo
trans_list: Никола́ево
sense:
A hamlet in Vizma rural settlement, Belozersk Raion, Vologda Oblast, Northwestern Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskaya
trans_list: Никола́евская
sense:
A former hamlet in Tarnoga rural settlement, Tarnoga Okrug, Vologda Oblast, Northwestern Federal District, Russia, annexed to the village and okrug centre of Tarnogsky Gorodok in 2022.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskaya
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евский]] [[райо́н]]
sense:
A former raion of Rostov Oblast, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, established in 1937, disestablished in 1956.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskaya
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]]
sense:
A rural settlement of Digora Raion, Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, North Caucasian Federal District, Russia, established in 2005; administrative centre and sole constituent settlement: Nikolayevskaya.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskaya
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]]
sense:
A rural settlement of Uspenskoye Raion, Krasnodar Krai, Southern Federal District, Russia; administrative centre and sole constituent settlement: Nikolayevskaya.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskaya
trans_list: Никола́евская
sense:
A stanitsa, the administrative centre of Nikolayevskaya rural settlement, Digora Raion, Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, North Caucasian Federal District, Russia, founded in 1838.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskaya
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]] | Никола́евская
sense:
A stanitsa, the administrative centre of Nikolayevskaya rural settlement, Konstantinovsk Raion, Rostov Oblast, Southern Federal District, Russia, incorporated in 1836.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskaya
trans_list: Никола́евская
sense:
A stanitsa, the administrative centre of Nikolayevskaya rural settlement, Naurskaya Raion, Chechen Republic, North Caucasian Federal District, Russia, founded in 1848.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskaya
trans_list: Никола́евская
sense:
A stanitsa, the administrative centre of Nikolayevskaya rural settlement, Uspenskoye Raion, Krasnodar Krai, Southern Federal District, Russia, founded in 1825.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskoye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskoye
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]]
sense:
A rural settlement of Prikubanye Raion, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, North Caucasian Federal District, Russia, established in 2006.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskoye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskoye
trans_list: [[сельский|Се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]] «[[Никола́евское]]»
sense:
A rural settlement of Ulyoty Raion, Zabaykalye Krai, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia, established in 2004.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskoye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskoye
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]]
sense:
A rural settlement of Yadrin Raion, Chuvash Republic, Volga Federal District, Russia, established in 2005.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskoye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskoye
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]] | Никола́евское
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Nikolayevskoye rural settlement, Prikubanye Raion, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, North Caucasian Federal District, Russia, incorporated in 1964.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskoye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskoye
trans_list: [[сельский|Се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]] «[[Никола́евское]]» | Никола́евское
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Nikolayevskoye rural settlement, Ulyoty Raion, Zabaykalye Krai, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevskoye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevskoye
trans_list: [[николаевский|Никола́евское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]] | Никола́евское
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Nikolayevskoye rural settlement, Yadrin Raion, Chuvash Republic, Volga Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevsky
sense:
(, fully 2nd Nikolayevsky) A khutor, the administrative centre of Nikolayevsky rural settlement, Proletarsk Raion, Rostov Oblast, Southern Federal District, Russia.

trans_list:
[[Никола́евский]] [[2-й]] | [[Никола́евский]] [[второ́й]] | [[николаевский|Никола́евское]] [[сельский|се́льское]] [[поселе́ние]]


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevsky
trans_list: Никола́евский
sense:
A khutor in Verkhnekardailsky rural settlement, Novonikolayevsky Raion, Volgograd Oblast, Southern Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevsky
trans_list: Никола́евский
sense:
A posyolok in Karaulnoye selsoviet, Kamyzyak Raion, Astrakhan Oblast, Southern Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevsky
trans_list: Никола́евский
sense:
A posyolok in Trushniki rural settlement, Chernushka Raion, Perm Krai, Volga Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Nikolayevsky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nikolayevsky
trans_list: Никола́евский
sense:
A posyolok, the administrative centre of Zabodskoy rural settlement, Tarbagatay Raion, Republic of Buryatia, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia, founded in 1805.


lexentry: eng/Nile__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nile
trans_list: Нил
sense:
A large river in Africa flowing through Khartoum and Cairo into the Mediterranean Sea, usually considered to be the longest river in the world.


lexentry: eng/Ningxia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ningxia
trans_list: Ни́нся | Нинся́
sense:
A Hui autonomous region of China. Official name: Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Capital: Yinchuan. [from late 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/Ninotsminda__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ninotsminda
trans_list: Ниноцми́нда
sense:
An Armenian-populated town in Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia. Known as Bogdanovka before 1991.


lexentry: eng/Nintendo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nintendo
trans_list: Нинте́ндо
sense:
(video games, trademark) A Japanese multinational company that develops, publishes and releases both video games and video game consoles.


lexentry: eng/Nintendocore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nintendocore
trans_list: Нинтендо-рок | Нинтендокор | видео-рок | нёрдкор
sense:
(music genre, video games) An aggressive genre of modern rock music influenced by chiptunes and video game music. [from 2001]


lexentry: eng/Nintendrone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nintendrone
trans_list: беременеть
sense:
(slang, derogatory, video games) A slavish supporter of Nintendo's video games or consoles; a Nintendo fanboy


lexentry: eng/Niobe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Niobe
trans_list: Ниоба
sense:
(Greek mythology) A daughter of Tantalus, said to have turned into stone while weeping for her children.


lexentry: eng/Niue__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Niue
trans_list: Ниу́э | Ниуэ
sense:
An island and country in Polynesia in Oceania, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand. Official name: Republic of Niue. Capital: Alofi.


lexentry: eng/Nivôse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nivôse
trans_list: ниво́з
sense:
(historical) The fourth month of the French Republican Calendar, from December 21, 22 or 23 to January 19, 20 or 21.


lexentry: eng/Nizhny_Novgorod__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Nizhny Novgorod
trans_list: Ни́жний | Ни́жний Но́вгород | Нижний Новгород
sense:
The capital city of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia; the fourth-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Niçoise_salad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Niçoise salad
trans_list: сала́т нисуа́з
sense:
A salad, originating from the French town of Nice, with various ingredients including tuna, anchovies, hard-boiled eggs, tomatoes, black olives, and lettuce.


lexentry: eng/No_Nut_November__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: No Nut November
trans_list: недроча́брь
sense:
(internet slang) An Internet challenge in which participants abstain from all forms of intentional nutting (ejaculation) for the whole month of November.


lexentry: eng/Nobel_Prize__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nobel Prize
trans_list: Но́белевская пре́мия | Нобелевская премия
sense:
Any of the international prizes awarded annually by the Nobel Foundation for outstanding achievements in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and for the promotion of world peace; or the prize in economics awarded by the Swedish National Bank, in memorial of Alfred Nobel.


lexentry: eng/Nogai__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nogai
trans_list: нога́йский
sense:
A Turkic language spoken in the northern Caucasus region of southwestern Russia and in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.


lexentry: eng/Nord-Pas-de-Calais__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nord-Pas-de-Calais
trans_list: Нор — Па-де-Кале́
sense:
A former administrative region of France, made up of the two departments of Nord and Pas-de-Calais; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France region.


lexentry: eng/Nordic_combined__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nordic combined
trans_list: лы́жное двоебо́рье
sense:
(skiing) An event in which individual skiers take part in runs on a cross-country skiing course and a ski jumping hill.


lexentry: eng/Norfolk_Island__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norfolk Island
trans_list: Но́рфолк | о́стров Но́рфолк
sense:
An external territory consisting of three islands of Australia in the Pacific Ocean, the main island of which is also named Norfolk Island.


lexentry: eng/Norfolk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norfolk
trans_list: Но́рфолк
sense:
A maritime county of eastern England bordered by Cambridgeshire, Lincolnshire, Suffolk, and the North Sea.


lexentry: eng/Norma__Proper_noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norma
trans_list: Науго́льник | Наугольник
sense:
(constellation) An inconspicuous constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble a carpenter's square. It lies south of the constellations Scorpius and Centaurus.


lexentry: eng/Norman__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Norman
trans_list: нормандец
sense:
A member of the mixed Scandinavian and Frankish peoples who, in the 11th century, were a major military power in Western Europe and who conquered the English in 1066.


lexentry: eng/Normandy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Normandy
trans_list: Норма́ндия | Нормандия
sense:
An administrative region, historical province, and medieval kingdom in northwest France, on the English Channel. The modern region was created in 2016 with the merger of Upper Normandy and Lower Normandy.


lexentry: eng/North_Africa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Africa
trans_list: Се́верная А́фрика | Северная Африка
sense:
A geographic region comprising the northern part of Africa, usually referring to specifically the regions north of the Sahara Desert where Arabic is widely spoken as a mother tongue.


lexentry: eng/North_America__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North America
trans_list: Се́верная Аме́рика | Северная Америка
sense:
The continent forming the northern part of the Americas; that part east of the Pacific Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, north of South America and south of the Arctic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/North_Asia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Asia
trans_list: Северная Азия
sense:
The northern region of Asia, also referred to as Siberia, geographically coextensive with the Asian part of Russia.


lexentry: eng/North_Carolina__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Carolina
trans_list: Се́верная Кароли́на | Северная Каролина
sense:
A state of the United States, situated on the east coast of the North American mainland north of South Carolina and south of Virginia. Capital: Raleigh.


lexentry: eng/North_Caucasus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Caucasus
trans_list: Се́верный Кавка́з
sense:
the northern part of the Caucasus region between the Black and Caspian Seas and within European Russia.


lexentry: eng/North_Channel__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Channel
trans_list: се́верный проли́в
sense:
The strait between Northern Ireland and southwestern Scotland, connecting the Irish Sea with the Atlantic Ocean.


lexentry: eng/North_China_Plain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North China Plain
trans_list: Великая Китайская равнина
sense:
A large alluvial plain of northern China, bordered to the north by the Yanshan Mountains, to the west by the Taihang Mountains and Funiu Mountains, to the southwest by the Dabie Mountains and Tongbai Mountains, and to the east by the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, and merging with the Jianghuai Plains to the south.


lexentry: eng/North_East__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North East
trans_list: Северо-Восточная Англия
sense:
(UK) One of nine official administrative regions of England, comprising Northumberland, Tyne and Wear and County Durham as well as a small part of North Yorkshire.


lexentry: eng/North_Frisian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Frisian
trans_list: севернофри́зский
sense:
A Frisian language, or group of dialects, spoken by 5,000 to 10,000 people in northwestern Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.


lexentry: eng/North_Karelia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Karelia
trans_list: Се́верная Каре́лия
sense:
A county and region in northern Karelia, in southeast Finland. (Since 2022, the English term officially prescribed as the name for the Finnish administrative unit long known as a “region” was changed to be called a “county”, although reference to counties as regions is still common. See Counties of Finland.)


lexentry: eng/North_Korea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Korea
trans_list: Се́верная Коре́я | Северная Корея
sense:
A country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea. Official name: Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Capital: Pyongyang.


lexentry: eng/North_Macedonia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Macedonia
trans_list: Се́верная Македо́ния | Северная Македония
sense:
A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of North Macedonia. Capital and largest city: Skopje. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992. The current name was adopted in 2019 to resolve a naming dispute with Greece.


lexentry: eng/North_Ossetia-Alania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Ossetia-Alania
trans_list: Ала́ния | Се́верная Осе́тия | Се́верная Осе́тия — Ала́ния
sense:
A republic and federal subject of Russia, located in the Northern Caucasus mountains; short form North Ossetia or Alania. Capital: Vladikavkaz.


lexentry: eng/North_Sea__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Sea
trans_list: Се́верное мо́ре | Северное море
sense:
A marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Britain (in the west), Scandinavia (in the east) and Germany, Netherlands, Belgium and France (in the south).


lexentry: eng/North_Star__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Star
trans_list: Поля́рная звезда́
sense:
(astronomy) The current northern pole star, the star nearest the northern celestial pole, which has been Polaris for the last 1500 years.


lexentry: eng/North_Vietnam__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Vietnam
trans_list: Се́верный Вьетна́м
sense:
(historical) A former Communist country in Southeast Asia that governed northern Vietnam from 1945 to 1975. Official name: Democratic Republic of Vietnam.


lexentry: eng/North_Yemen__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Yemen
trans_list: Се́верный Йе́мен
sense:
(historical) A former country in West Asia on the Arabian Peninsula, existing from 1918 to 1990, as a monarchy until 1962 and then a republic. Official names: Kingdom of Yemen (1918–1962) and Yemen Arab Republic (1962–1990).


lexentry: eng/North_Yorkshire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: North Yorkshire
trans_list: Норт-Йоркши́р
sense:
A ceremonial county in northeastern England, formed in 1974 and bordering the East Riding of Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, Lancashire, Cumbria and County Durham.


lexentry: eng/Northampton__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Northampton
trans_list: Нортге́мптон
sense:
A civil parish with a town council in West Northamptonshire district, county of Northamptonshire, first elected in 2021, believed to be the largest town with a town council in England.


lexentry: eng/Northeast_China_Plain__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northeast China Plain
trans_list: Маньчжурская равнина
sense:
A plain located in Northeast China lying between the Greater and Lesser Khingan and Changbai mountains.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Cyprus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Cyprus
trans_list: Се́верный Кипр
sense:
A geographic region and de facto unrecognized country comprising the northeastern part of the island of Cyprus, internationally recognized as part of the country of Cyprus. Official name: Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Capital: North Nicosia.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Europe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Europe
trans_list: Се́верная Евро́па
sense:
A sociopolitical region of Europe including such countries as Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Hemisphere__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Hemisphere
trans_list: Се́верное полуша́рие
sense:
The hemisphere in Earth to the north of the Equator, in which 90% of the total land area on Earth is located.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Ireland__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Ireland
trans_list: Се́верная Ирла́ндия | Северная Ирландия
sense:
A constituent country and province of the United Kingdom, situated in the northeastern part of the island of Ireland.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Mariana_Islands__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Mariana Islands
trans_list: Се́верные Мариа́нские острова́ | Се́верные Мариа́ны
sense:
An archipelago, commonwealth and dependent territory (technically, an unincorporated territory) of the United States in the Pacific Ocean. Official name: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Sami__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Sami
trans_list: северносаамский
sense:
The most widely spoken Sami language; it is spoken in northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland. It includes three dialects: Torne, Finnmark and Sea Sami.


lexentry: eng/Northern_Sea_Route__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Northern Sea Route
trans_list: СМП | Се́верный морско́й путь | Севморпу́ть
sense:
(geography) A shipping lane from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean along the Russian Arctic coast from the Barents Sea, along Siberia, to the Far East.


lexentry: eng/Norway_spruce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norway spruce
trans_list: ель обыкновенная
sense:
A species of spruce native to Europe and naturalized in temperate northeastern North America, Picea abies.


lexentry: eng/Norwegian__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Norwegian
trans_list: [[норве́жский]] ([[язы́к]]) | норвежский
sense:
(uncountable) The language of Norway, which has two official forms (written standards): Bokmål and Nynorsk.


lexentry: eng/Norwegian_forest_cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Norwegian forest cat
trans_list: норве́жская лесна́я ко́шка
sense:
A domestic cat breed noted for its above average size, long, water-repellent fur and woolly undercoat.


lexentry: eng/Nostratic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nostratic
trans_list: ностратический
sense:
A conjectural and not widely accepted grouping of languages including the Indo-European, Uralic, Altaic, Chukchi-Kamchatkan, Eskimo-Aleut, Dravidian, Elamite, Sumerian, Kartvelian, and Afroasiatic languages, and less commonly including the Aegean and Ainu languages as well.


lexentry: eng/Nouméa__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nouméa
trans_list: Нуме́а | Нумеа́
sense:
The capital city of the French overseas territory New Caledonia, a natural South Sea port on its main island.


lexentry: eng/Nove__Proper_noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nove
trans_list: [[новенский|Нове́нский]] [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[новенский|Нове́нский]] [[сѐльсове́т]]
sense:
A former silrada of Melitopol Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, amalgamated into Nove settlement hromada in April 2019.


lexentry: eng/Nove__Proper_noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nove
trans_list: Но́вое
sense:
A rural settlement in Kropyvnytskyi urban hromada, Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine, founded in the 1970s.


lexentry: eng/Nove__Proper_noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nove
trans_list: Но́вое
sense:
A rural settlement, the administrative centre of Nove settlement hromada, Melitopol Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1931.


lexentry: eng/Nove__Proper_noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nove
trans_list: Но́вое
sense:
A village in Tarasivka starostynskyi okruh, Boiarka urban hromada, Fastiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, formally incorporated in 1992, but probably first settled in 1957.


lexentry: eng/Novial__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novial
trans_list: новиа́ль
sense:
An international auxiliary language, or interlanguage, published by the Danish linguist Otto Jespersen in 1928.


lexentry: eng/Novochervone__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Novochervone
trans_list: Новочервоное
sense:
A village in Nyzhnia Duvanka settlement hromada, Svatove Raion, Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1690.


lexentry: eng/Novoekonomichne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novoekonomichne
trans_list: Новоэкономи́ческое
sense:
A rural settlement, the administrative centre of Novoekonomichne starostynskyi okruh, Hrodivka settlement hromada, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1768.


lexentry: eng/Novopoltavka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novopoltavka
trans_list: [[новополтавский|Новополта́вский]] [[сельсове́т]]
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of the selsoviet of the same name of Yermakovsky Raion, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Siberian Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Novopoltavka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Novopoltavka
trans_list: Новополта́вка
sense:
A former village in Mironovka selsoviet, Bagansky Raion, Novosibirsk Oblast, Siberian Federal District, Russia, founded in 1908 and disestablished in 1978.


lexentry: eng/Novopoltavka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Novopoltavka
trans_list: Новополта́вка
sense:
A settlement in Mikheyevo selsoviet, Severny Raion, Orenburg Oblast, Volga Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Novopoltavka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Novopoltavka
trans_list: Новополта́вка
sense:
A village in Kalynivske settlement hromada, Beryslav Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1917.


lexentry: eng/Novopoltavka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: Novopoltavka
trans_list: Новополта́вка
sense:
A village in Vilne Zaporizhzhia rural hromada, Bashtanka Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1840.


lexentry: eng/Novopoltavka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: Novopoltavka
trans_list: Новополта́вка
sense:
A village in Chernihivka settlement hromada, Berdiansk Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1862.


lexentry: eng/Novorossiya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novorossiya
trans_list: Новоро́ссия
sense:
(historical) An area north of the Black Sea which was conquered by the Russian Empire at the end of the 18th century, located in present-day Ukraine.


lexentry: eng/Novorossiya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Novorossiya
trans_list: Новоро́ссия
sense:
A proposed confederation of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic, breakaway states involved in the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian war.


lexentry: eng/Novoselivka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novoselivka
trans_list: Новосёловка
sense:
A village in Velykomykhailivka rural hromada, Synelnykove Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1783.


lexentry: eng/Novosil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novosil
trans_list: Новоси́ль
sense:
A town of district significance, the administrative centre of Novosilsky Raion, Oryol Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, first mentioned in 1155.


lexentry: eng/Novyi_Vytkiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Novyi Vytkiv
trans_list: Новый Витков
sense:
A village in Radekhiv urban hromada, Sheptytskyi Raion, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine, first mentioned in 1469.


lexentry: eng/Num_Lock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Num Lock
trans_list: намло́к
sense:
(computing) A key on a standard extended keyboard which, when pressed, toggles the keys of the numeric keypad between cursor control functions and numeric digits.


lexentry: eng/Numbers__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Numbers
trans_list: Кни́га Чи́сел | Чи́сла
sense:
The Book of Numbers, the fourth of the Books of Moses in the Old Testament of the Bible, the fourth book in the Torah.


lexentry: eng/Numidia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Numidia
trans_list: Нумидия
sense:
(historical) A historical region and ancient Berber kingdom located in North Africa, initially situated in modern Algeria but later expanding into Tunisia and Libya.


lexentry: eng/Nuosu__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nuosu
trans_list: но́су
sense:
A Loloish language, considered the prestige language of the Yi people, primarily spoken in Sichuan, China.


lexentry: eng/Nuremberg_defense__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nuremberg defense
trans_list: исполнение приказа или распоряжения
sense:
(ethics, international law, idiomatic) An explanation offered as an excuse for behaving in a criminal or wrongful manner, claiming that one acted in this way because one was ordered by others (particularly superiors) to do so.


lexentry: eng/Nuskhuri__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nuskhuri
trans_list: нусхури
sense:
One of three forms of the Georgian alphabet. Nuskhuri, a monumental script, is the 2nd form of the Georgian alphabet, but it is no longer used for writing the language.


lexentry: eng/Nutella__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nutella
trans_list: Нуте́лла
sense:
A sweet spread made from hazelnuts, sugar, vegetable oils, cocoa solids and skimmed milk, generically called chocolate spread.


lexentry: eng/Nuu-chah-nulth__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nuu-chah-nulth
trans_list: ну́тка
sense:
The polysynthetic Nuu-chah-nulth language, Nootka, which belongs to the Wakashan language group and is spoken by about 500 people.


lexentry: eng/Nîmes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Nîmes
trans_list: Ним
sense:
A city in Occitania, southern France, the capital of the department of Gard, formerly in the region of Languedoc-Roussillon.


lexentry: eng/O-ring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: A circular gasket, usually made of rubber.
written_rep: O-ring
trans_list:
[[кольцо́]] [[уплотнительный|уплотни́тельное]] [[круглый|кру́глого]] [[сечение|сече́ния]] | [[уплотнительный|уплотни́тельное]] [[кольцо́]] [[круглый|кру́глого]] [[сечение|сече́ния]] | О-ринг


lexentry: eng/Oberon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oberon
trans_list: Оберо́н
sense:
A fictional character in medieval and Renaissance literature, the king of the fairies, appearing for example in William Shakespeare's play A Midsummer Night's Dream.


lexentry: eng/Obukhovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Obukhovka
trans_list: Обу́ховка
sense:
The former name of Bulaqty (a village in Beskol rural okrug, Alakol Raion, Jetisu Oblast, Kazakhstan).


lexentry: eng/Obukhovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Obukhovka
trans_list: Обу́ховка
sense:
A village in Dragomirovka rural okrug, Taiynsha Raion, North Kazakhstan Oblast, Kazakhstan, founded in 1909.


lexentry: eng/Obukhovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Obukhovka
trans_list: Обу́ховка
sense:
A hamlet in Bolokonsky selsoviet, Bolshesoldatsky Raion, Kursk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Obukhovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Obukhovka
trans_list: Обу́ховка
sense:
A hamlet in Veselovsky selsoviet, Glushkovsky Raion, Kursk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Obukhovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Obukhovka
trans_list: Обу́ховка
sense:
A village in Lyubimovsky selsoviet, Korenevsky Raion, Kursk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, founded post 1699.


lexentry: eng/Obukhovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Obukhovka
trans_list: Обу́ховка
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Obukhovskaya rural territory, Starooskolsky urban okrug, Starooskolsky Raion, Belgorod Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, founded in 1690.


lexentry: eng/Obukhovskaya__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Obukhovskaya
trans_list: Обу́ховская
sense:
A hamlet in Verkhovskoye rural settlement, Tarnogsky Raion, Vologda Oblast, Northwestern Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Occidental__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occidental
trans_list: оксиденталь | окцидента́ль
sense:
An artificial language, created by Edgar de Wahl later renamed Interlingue shortly before the publication of Interlingua


lexentry: eng/Occitan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occitan
trans_list: оксита́нский | окситанский
sense:
A Romance language spoken in Occitania, a region of Europe that includes Southern France, Auvergne, Limousin, and some parts of Catalonia and Italy.


lexentry: eng/Occitania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Occitania
trans_list: Оксита́ния | Окситания
sense:
A cultural region in southwestern Europe where Occitan has historically been spoken, consisting of southern France, parts of Catalonia in Spain, and some valleys in northwestern Italy.


lexentry: eng/Oceania__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oceania
trans_list: Океания | Океа́ния
sense:
A continent or continental region composed of many islands (Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia) plus Australasia, located between Asia, Antarctica and the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Oceanus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oceanus
trans_list: Океа́н
sense:
(Greek god) Personification of vast waters or the world ocean. He was the first-born of the Titans, son of Uranus and Gaia, the god that encircled the earth. With his sister-wife, Tethys, he fathered all rivers and the Oceanids.


lexentry: eng/Ocheretyne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ocheretyne
trans_list: Очере́тино
sense:
A rural settlement, the administrative centre of Ocheretyne settlement hromada, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1880.


lexentry: eng/Octans__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Octans
trans_list: Октант
sense:
(constellation) A small circumpolar constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble an octant. It lies closest to the southern celestial pole of any constellation.


lexentry: eng/Odense__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Odense
trans_list: О́денсе
sense:
The largest city in the Region of Southern Denmark (Region Syddanmark) and third-largest city in Denmark.


lexentry: eng/Oder__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oder
trans_list: О́дер | О́дра
sense:
A river in central Europe, that flows from the Czech Republic through Poland and Germany to the Baltic Sea.


lexentry: eng/Odin__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Odin
trans_list: О́дин
sense:
(Norse mythology, and, paganism) A major Germanic god, often described as chief of the pantheon, in his Norse form a member of the Æsir, married to Frigg and associated with knowledge, poetry and war. Wednesday refers to him by way of interpretatio germanica.


lexentry: eng/Odysseus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Odysseus
trans_list: Одиссе́й | Одиссей
sense:
(Greek mythology) The son of Laertes and Anticlea and father of Telemachus. A Greek leader during the Trojan War, he was responsible for the Trojan horse. He was also king of Ithaca, hero of the Iliad and protagonist of the Odyssey.


lexentry: eng/Oedipus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oedipus
trans_list: Эди́п
sense:
(Greek mythology) A son of Laius and Jocasta, who unwittingly killed his father and married his mother.


lexentry: eng/Oedipus_complex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oedipus complex
trans_list: эди́пов ко́мплекс
sense:
(psychoanalysis) In Freudian theory, the complex of emotions aroused in a child by an unconscious sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex.


lexentry: eng/Ohm's_law__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ohm's law
trans_list: зако́н О́ма
sense:
(physics) Ohm's observation that the direct current flowing in an electrical circuit consisting only of resistances is directly proportional to the voltage applied.


lexentry: eng/Ojibwe__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ojibwe
trans_list: оджи́бва | оджи́бве
sense:
The language spoken by the native Algonquin people of central Canada, one of a closely related group of languages and dialects of the Algonquian branch of the Algic language family.


lexentry: eng/Okazaki_fragment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Okazaki fragment
trans_list: фрагме́нт Оказа́ки
sense:
(genetics, often, _, in the plural) One of many short, newly synthesized DNA fragments formed on the lagging template strand (i.e. lagging strand) during DNA replication.


lexentry: eng/Okhotsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Okhotsk
trans_list: Охо́тск
sense:
An urban locality, a work settlement, the administrative center of Okhotsky district, Khabarovsk Krai, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Old_Armenian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Armenian
trans_list: граба́р | древнеармя́нский
sense:
The oldest attested form of the Armenian language, first written down at the beginning of the 5th century AD and spoken until 12th century; then replaced by Middle Armenian. Served as a literary language until the 18-19th centuries. Partly intelligible to speakers of modern Armenian.


lexentry: eng/Old_Believer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Believer
trans_list: раско́льник | раско́льница | старове́р | старове́рка | старообря́дец | старообря́дка
sense:
(religion) Any of those who separated from the official Russian Orthodox Church after 1666 as a protest against the church reforms introduced by Patriarch Nikon between 1652 and 1666. They continue liturgical and ritual practices which predate the reforms.


lexentry: eng/Old_Breton__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Breton
trans_list: древнебретонский
sense:
An early form of the Breton language, spoken in the North of France in the between the 9th and the 11th century AD.


lexentry: eng/Old_Dutch__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Dutch
trans_list: древненидерландский
sense:
A branch of Old Low Franconian, with a Frisian substrate, spoken and written during the Middle Ages (c. 9th to 12th century) in the Netherlands and the northern part of present-day Belgium, as well as in areas of northern France along the North Sea coast and adjoining Belgium. This language represents the first attested stage of the Dutch language and its dialects, being succeeded by Middle Dutch in the later Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/Old_East_Slavic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old East Slavic
trans_list: древнеру́сский | древнеру́сский язы́к
sense:
(historical) A Slavic language used from the 10th to the 14th centuries by East Slavs in the state of Kievan Rus and its successors. The ancestor of Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn and Ukrainian.


lexentry: eng/Old_English_Sheepdog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old English Sheepdog
trans_list: староангли́йская овча́рка
sense:
A herding dog of a particular breed (also used as a pet), with shaggy grey and white fur also covering its face, and a docked tail.


lexentry: eng/Old_English__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old English
trans_list: [[древнеангли́йский]] [[язы́к]] | древнеангли́йский
sense:
(linguistics, history) The ancestor language of Modern English, also called Anglo-Saxon, spoken in most of Britain from about 400 to 1100.


lexentry: eng/Old_Georgian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Georgian
trans_list: древне-грузинский
sense:
A language of the South Caucasian family, spoken between the 5th Century BC and the 17th Century AD when it evolved into the modern Georgian language.


lexentry: eng/Old_Greek__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Greek
trans_list: древнегреческий
sense:
A form of the Greek language intermediate between Ancient Greek and Modern Greek; spoken roughly between the 1st and 16th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Old_High_German__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old High German
trans_list: древневерхненемецкий | древневе́рхненеме́цкий язы́к
sense:
The early recorded form of the High German language, spoken from the 8th century to the 11th century.


lexentry: eng/Old_Irish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Irish
trans_list: древнеирландский
sense:
The Irish language as attested from the sixth to the tenth centuries C.E., the oldest form of the Goidelic languages for which extensive texts (written in the Latin alphabet) are extant.


lexentry: eng/Old_Japanese__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Japanese
trans_list: старояпонский язы́к
sense:
the oldest stage of the Japanese language; spoken through the 8th century and followed by Late Old Japanese


lexentry: eng/Old_Maid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Maid
trans_list: ве́дьма
sense:
(uncountable) A children's card game, sometimes played with a special deck, where the object of the game is for each player to find matches for all the cards in his hand, without being stuck with the single unmatchable card.


lexentry: eng/Old_Norse__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Norse
trans_list: древнескандина́вский
sense:
The language of Scandinavia until the 14th century, the common ancestor of modern Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Faroese, and Icelandic.


lexentry: eng/Old_Novgorodian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Novgorodian
trans_list: древненовгоро́дский
sense:
A dialect used in Old East Slavic birch-bark writings found around Novgorod, having some archaic features that were lost in other Slavic dialects.


lexentry: eng/Old_Persian__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Persian
trans_list: древнеперсидский
sense:
The ancestor language of Middle Persian, and via it of New Persian language. Attested in Old Persian cuneiform, in the period 525 B.C.E. – 300 B.C.E.


lexentry: eng/Old_Testament__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Testament
trans_list: Ве́тхий Заве́т | Ветхий Завет
sense:
(religion, chiefly, Christianity) The first major part of the Christian Bible, covering events before the coming of Christ, corresponding roughly to the Jewish Tanakh. Usually subdivided into the categories of law, history, poetry (or wisdom books), and prophecy.


lexentry: eng/Old_Turkic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old Turkic
trans_list: древнетюркский | древнеуйгурский | орхоно-енисейский
sense:
The earliest attested Turkic language, found in inscriptions by the Göktürks and the Uyghurs in ca. the 7th to 13th centuries.


lexentry: eng/Old_West__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Old West
trans_list: Дикий Запад
sense:
(historical) The western part of the United States during the 19th-century era of expansion and settlement.


lexentry: eng/Oleksandro-Shultyne__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oleksandro-Shultyne
trans_list: Алекса́ндро-Шу́льтино
sense:
A village in Kostiantynivka urban hromada, Kramatorsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1745.


lexentry: eng/Olenya_Guba__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olenya Guba
trans_list: [[Оле́нья]] [[губа́]]
sense:
A bay, an extension of the Kola Inlet of the Barents Sea, on the Kola Peninsula of Murmansk Oblast, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Olenye__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olenye
trans_list: Оле́нье
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Olenyevskoye rural settlement, Dubovsky Raion, Volgograd Oblast, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Oleshky__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oleshky
trans_list: Алёшки
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Oleshky urban hromada, Kherson Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1784 on the site of a much older settlement.


lexentry: eng/Olgovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olgovka
trans_list: О́льговка
sense:
A hamlet in Rassvetovsky selsoviet, Davlekanovsky Raion, Republic of Bashkortostan, Volga Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Olgovka__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olgovka
trans_list: О́льговка
sense:
A village, the administrative centre of Olgovsky selsoviet, Korenevsky Raion, Kursk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia.


lexentry: eng/Olivia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Olivia
trans_list: Оли́вия
sense:
A city, the county seat of Renville County, Minnesota, United States, named for a female station agent named Olive.


lexentry: eng/Olomouc_cheese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olomouc cheese
trans_list: Оломоуцкие сырки
sense:
a kind of ripened soft cheese, characteristic with its strong scent, distinctive pungent taste and yellowish colour, traditionally made in central Moravia, the Czech Republic


lexentry: eng/Olympiad__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Olympiad
trans_list: олимпиада | олимпиа́да
sense:
(by, _, extension, usually, _, preceded, _) A competition aspiring to the importance of the Olympic Games or considered similar to them, especially one occurring at 4-year intervals, representing a national or international range of amateur student rather than professional adult competition, and/or requiring the highest level of ability in the field for success.


lexentry: eng/Olympian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olympian
trans_list: олимпи́йский
sense:
(not comparable) Of or relating to Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece; or (Greek mythology) the Greek gods and goddesses who were believed to live there.


lexentry: eng/Olympian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olympian
trans_list: олимпи́ец
sense:
(Greek mythology) Any of the 12 principal gods and goddesses of the Greek pantheon (Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Aphrodite, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Demeter, and Hades); (specifically) preceded by the: Zeus, the supreme ruler of the Greek deities.


lexentry: eng/Olympic_Games__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olympic Games
trans_list: Олимпи́йские и́гры | олимпиа́да
sense:
(historical, Ancient Greece) A sporting festival held every four or five years on the Plain of Olympia in southern Greece, in honour of Zeus. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/Olympic_Games__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Olympic Games
trans_list: Олимпи́йские и́гры | олимпиа́да
sense:
An international multi-sport event (inspired by the ancient festival) taking place every fourth year. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/Olympic_Rings__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Olympic Rings
trans_list: олимпи́йские ко́льца
sense:
A symbol consisting of five interlocking colored rings, each one representing a continent that competes in the Olympic Games.


lexentry: eng/Omsk__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Omsk
trans_list: Омск | Омская область
sense:
A city, the administrative center of Omsk Oblast, Russia, the seventh-largest in the country by population.


lexentry: eng/Onega__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Onega
trans_list: Оне́жское о́зеро
sense:
a freshwater lake in the north-west European part of Russia, located on the territory of Republic of Karelia, Leningrad Oblast and Vologda Oblast


lexentry: eng/Ontario__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Ontario
trans_list: Онта́рио
sense:
A large lake in North America, between the Canadian province of Ontario and the American state of New York; one of the Great Lakes; Lake Ontario.


lexentry: eng/Oort_Cloud__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oort Cloud
trans_list: о́блако О́орта
sense:
(astronomy) The Solar System's Oort cloud, extending from 50,000 to 100,000 astronomical units (approximately 1 light year) from the sun; supposedly the source of most comets around the Solar System.


lexentry: eng/Ophiuchus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ophiuchus
trans_list: Змеено́сец | Змееносец
sense:
(zodiac constellations) A zodiacal constellation of the northern summer said to depict a man (Asclepius) holding a serpent; the serpent is the constellation Serpens.


lexentry: eng/Orangeman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orangeman
trans_list: оранжи́ст
sense:
A member of the Orange Order, a Protestant society in the United Kingdom (especially Northern Ireland).


lexentry: eng/Orcus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orcus
trans_list: Орк
sense:
(astronomy) A plutino and planetoid, possibly a dwarf planet; sometimes referred to as the “anti-Pluto”.


lexentry: eng/Order_of_Australia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Order of Australia
trans_list: о́рден Австра́лии
sense:
(chiefly, Australia, UK) An order of chivalry established for the purpose of according recognition to Australian citizens and other persons for outstanding achievement. [Established 1975.]


lexentry: eng/Oregon__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oregon
trans_list: Орего́н | Орегон
sense:
A state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Capital: Salem. Largest city: Portland.


lexentry: eng/Oregon_grape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oregon grape
trans_list: маго́ния
sense:
An evergreen shrub (Berberis aquifolium, syn. Mahonia aquifolium) native to the northwestern United States and southwestern Canada, having broadly serrated, glossy leaves and clusters of yellow flowers that develop into dark bluish-purple fruits.


lexentry: eng/Oriental__Adjective__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Oriental
trans_list: восто́чный
sense:
Pertaining to the regions east of the Mediterranean, beyond the Roman Empire or the early Christian world; of the Near East, the Middle East or the Far East, now especially relating to East Asia. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/Oriental_studies__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oriental studies
trans_list: востокове́дение | ориентали́стика
sense:
(humanities) an academic field of study that embraces Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology


lexentry: eng/Orikhiv__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orikhiv
trans_list: Оре́хов
sense:
A city, the administrative centre of Orikhiv urban hromada, Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, founded circa 1783


lexentry: eng/Orion's_Belt__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orion's Belt
trans_list: По́яс Орио́на
sense:
(constellation) A bright asterism located near the celestial equator, consisting of three bright stars lined up and visibly close together.


lexentry: eng/Orion__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orion
trans_list: Орио́н | Орион
sense:
(constellation) A constellation on the celestial equator close to Gemini and Taurus, containing the stars Betelgeuse and Rigel.


lexentry: eng/Orleanian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orleanian
trans_list: орлеанский
sense:
Of or relating to a period of geologic time 20 to 16 million years ago, within the Miocene, preceding the Astaracian age and following the Agenian age.


lexentry: eng/Orontes__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orontes
trans_list: Оро́нт
sense:
A river in West Asia, about 400 km (250 mi) long, flowing from Lebanon through Syria before entering the Mediterranean Sea near Samandağ in Turkey.


lexentry: eng/Orpheus__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orpheus
trans_list: Орфе́й | Орфей
sense:
(Greek mythology) A Thracian musician and poet, who failed to retrieve his wife Eurydice from Hades.


lexentry: eng/Orphism__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orphism
trans_list: орфи́зм
sense:
(religion, Ancient Greece) A religious movement in antiquity, supposed to have been founded by Orpheus.


lexentry: eng/Orthodox__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orthodox
trans_list: правове́рный | правосла́вный
sense:
(Christianity, loosely) Of or pertaining to a particular Orthodox Church, usually the Eastern Orthodox Church, sometimes the Oriental Orthodox Church or the Church of the East.


lexentry: eng/Orthodoxy__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: Orthodoxy
trans_list: правосла́вие
sense:
The aggregate of the definitive elements of the Eastern Orthodox Church, such as its faith, worship, theology, and traditions.


lexentry: eng/Orwellian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Orwellian
trans_list: оруэлловский | о́руэлльский
sense:
Resembling the totalitarian political methods decried in the works of writer George Orwell, particularly in the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four; characterized by use of misleading terminology, propaganda, censorship, surveillance and repression. [1950]


lexentry: eng/Oskil__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oskil
trans_list: Оско́л
sense:
A river in Russia and Ukraine which arises roughly between Kursk and Voronezh and flows south to join the Seversky Donets.


lexentry: eng/Ossetia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ossetia
trans_list: Осе́тия | Осетия
sense:
An ethnolinguistic region on the border of Europe and Asia, located on both sides of the Greater Caucasus Mountains, largely inhabited by the Ossetians. The northern part of the region forms North Ossetia-Alania federal subject of Russia. The southern part is South Ossetia.


lexentry: eng/Ostheim__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ostheim
trans_list: [[остгеймский|О́стгеймский]] ([[национа́льный]] [[неме́цкий]]) [[райо́н]] | О́стгейм
sense:
(as Ostheim Raion) Former name of Boikivske Raion: a former raion of Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine; known by this name until February 1935.


lexentry: eng/Ostheim__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ostheim
sense:
(as Ostheim silrada) Former name of Boikivske selrada: a former selrada (until 1971, a silrada) of Boikivske Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine; known by this name until February 1935.

trans_list:
[[остгеймский|О́стгеймский]] ([[национа́льный]] [[неме́цкий]]) [[се́льский]] [[сове́т]] | [[остгеймский|О́стгеймский]] ([[национа́льный]] [[неме́цкий]]) [[сѐльсове́т]] | О́стгейм


lexentry: eng/Ostrogoth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ostrogoth
trans_list: остго́т
sense:
Any member of an ancient East Germanic tribe, one branch of the Goths (the Visigoths being the other), which invaded Italy in the sixth century.


lexentry: eng/Other__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Other
trans_list: другие
sense:
(philosophy, psychoanalysis) Radical alterity or otherness conceived or reified as a separate entity; “other people” altogether in their difference from oneself.


lexentry: eng/Ottoman_Empire__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ottoman Empire
trans_list: Осма́нская импе́рия | Оттома́нская импе́рия | Османская империя
sense:
(historical) A large former Turkish empire which began as a sultanate centered in modern Turkey and at its height ruled over much of Southeast Europe, West Asia and North Africa; founded in the late 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I.


lexentry: eng/Ottoman_Turkish__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Ottoman Turkish
trans_list: осма́нский | [[осма́нский]] [[язы́к]] | [[осма́нско-туре́цкий]] [[язы́к]]
sense:
A historical division of the Turkish language that was used as the administrative and literary language of the Ottoman Empire.


lexentry: eng/Outer_Mongolia__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Outer Mongolia
trans_list: Вне́шняя Монго́лия
sense:
Mongolia; a region south of Siberia, west of Manchuria and north of Inner Mongolia (with closely related native Mongolian population), well north of the Great Wall, which never became an integral part of the Chinese empire, and later achieved autonomy and full independence of China, as the republic of Mongolia


lexentry: eng/Oval_Office__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oval Office
trans_list: [[ова́льный]] [[кабине́т]]
sense:
The official office of the President of the United States, located in the West Wing of the White House.


lexentry: eng/Oviedo__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oviedo
trans_list: Овьедо
sense:
The capital city of Asturias, in northwestern Spain, near the Cantabrian Mountains, founded circa 760.


lexentry: eng/Oxford_shoe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oxford shoe
trans_list: [[оксфордский|о́ксфордская]] [[ту́фля]]
sense:
A type of leather shoe with lacing seamlessly integrated into the vamp, giving it a formal appearance.


lexentry: eng/Oyrot_Autonomous_Oblast__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oyrot Autonomous Oblast
trans_list: Ойротская автономная о́бласть
sense:
Autonomous oblast of the Soviet Union in the Russian SFSR established in 1922 and renamed to Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast in 1948.


lexentry: eng/Oz__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Oz
trans_list: Оз
sense:
Ellipsis of w:Land of Oz, the fictional setting created by L. Frank Baum for The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and other works. The term has been extended from the original country of Oz to the entire fictional world of Oz. Subsequently used as a setting by other authors and artists.


lexentry: eng/PIN__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
sense: Acronym of personal identification number.
written_rep: PIN
trans_list:
PIN-ко́д | ПИН | ПИН-ко́д | ли́чный опознава́тельный но́мер | персона́льный идентификацио́нный но́мер


lexentry: eng/PSG__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: PSG
trans_list: ПСЖ
sense:
(soccer) Initialism of Paris Saint-Germain Football Club, a French football club from Paris; from French PSG.


lexentry: eng/PS__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: PS
trans_list: P. S.
sense:
Initialism of post scriptum, postscriptum, or postscript, initialism written at the end of a text as a footnote.


lexentry: eng/Pacific_Ocean__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pacific Ocean
trans_list: Ти́хий океа́н | Тихий океан
sense:
An ocean, the world's largest body of water, to the east of Asia and Australasia and to the west of the Americas.


lexentry: eng/Pacific_herring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pacific herring
trans_list: тихоокеа́нская сельдь
sense:
A species of the herring family native to north Pacific Ocean from Yellow Sea to Baja California; Clupea pallasii.


lexentry: eng/Pacific_saury__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pacific saury
trans_list: сайра
sense:
A species of the saury family native to north Pacific Ocean from Yellow Sea to Gulf of Alaska; Cololabis saira.


lexentry: eng/Paki_shop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paki shop
trans_list: араб
sense:
(UK, Ireland, offensive, _, slang, derogatory) A corner shop run by a Pakistani or any other person of South-West Asian and South-Asian descent. Hence also any corner shop.


lexentry: eng/Palace_of_Westminster__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palace of Westminster
trans_list: Вестми́нстерский дворе́ц
sense:
An extensive building on the north bank of the River Thames in London, housing the House of Commons and the House of Lords.


lexentry: eng/Palaic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palaic
trans_list: [[пала́йский]] [[язы́к]] | пала́йский
sense:
An extinct Indo-European language belonging to Anatolian branch, attested in cuneiform tablets in Bronze Age Hattusa.


lexentry: eng/Palau__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palau
trans_list: Пала́у | Палау
sense:
A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania. Official name: Republic of Palau. Capital: Ngerulmud.


lexentry: eng/Palauan__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palauan
trans_list: белау | палау | палауский
sense:
A language spoken in the Pacific, in the Republic of Palau. It is a member of the Austronesian family of languages, and is considered to be one of two languages in Micronesia belonging to the Western Austronesian group, all others considered to be members of the Oceanic subgroup.


lexentry: eng/Palearctic__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Palearctic
trans_list: Палеа́рктика
sense:
(geography, biogeography) One of the major ecozones of the world, covering Europe, the former territories of the USSR, part of North Africa, and North Asia including the Himalaya foothills.


lexentry: eng/Paleo_diet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paleo diet
trans_list: диета каменного века
sense:
A nutritional plan based on the presumed ancient diet of wild plants and animals that various hominid species habitually consumed during the Paleolithic.


lexentry: eng/Paleocene__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Paleocene
trans_list: палеоцен
sense:
(geology) A geologic epoch within the Paleogene period from about 65 to 56 million years ago; marked by the rise of the first large mammals in a tropical climate.


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Палести́на | Палестина
sense:
(historical, technical) A British colonial entity administering approximately the lands mentioned in definition 1.


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Палести́на | Палестина
sense:
(historical, technical, rare) The British League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, of which this region was a part (the remainder being Transjordan, which covered approximately the lands of the modern Kingdom (originally Emirate) of Jordan).


lexentry: eng/Palestine__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: Palestine
trans_list: Палести́на | Палестина
sense:
(historical) Any of four Ancient Roman and Byzantine provinces in the eastern Mediterranean: Syria Palaestina, Palaestina Prima, Palaestina Secunda and Palaestina Salutaris.


lexentry: eng/Pali__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pali
trans_list: па́ли
sense:
A Middle Indo-Aryan language of north India, closely related to Sanskrit; the sacred language of Theravāda Buddhism. [from 1690s]


lexentry: eng/Pallas's_gull__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pallas's gull
trans_list: черноголовый хохотун
sense:
Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus, a large migratory gull that breeds in colonies in marshes and islands from southern Russia to Mongolia.


lexentry: eng/Pallas's_leaf_warbler__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: Pallas's leaf warbler
trans_list: королько́вая пе́ночка
sense:
Phylloscopus proregulus, a leaf warbler that breeds in mountain forests from southern Siberia east to northern Mongolia and northeast China.


