# translation

lexentry: eng/bluethroat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bluethroat
trans_list: podróżniczek
sense:
A small Old World passerine bird, of species Luscinia svecica, the male in spring having a bright blue throat.


lexentry: eng/bluff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bluff
trans_list: blef | bluff
sense:
(countable, or, uncountable) An act of bluffing; a false expression of the strength of one’s position in order to intimidate or deceive; braggadocio.


lexentry: eng/bluff__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bluff
trans_list: blef
sense:
(poker, countable, or, uncountable) An attempt to represent oneself as holding a stronger hand than one actually does.


lexentry: eng/bluff__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bluff
trans_list: blefować | bluffować | zablefować | zabluffować
sense:
(by analogy) To frighten, deter, or deceive with a false show of strength or confidence; to give a false impression of strength or temerity in order to intimidate or gain some advantage.


lexentry: eng/bluff__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bluff
trans_list: blefować | zablefować
sense:
(Manglish, Singlish) To give false information intentionally, to lie (to someone), to deceive; to put on an act.


lexentry: eng/blunderbuss__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blunderbuss
trans_list: gardłacz | garłacz | szturmak | tromblon
sense:
An old style of muzzleloading firearm and early form of shotgun with a distinctive short, large caliber barrel that is flared at the muzzle, therefore able to fire scattered quantities of nails, stones, shot, etc. at short range.


lexentry: eng/blunt__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: blunt
trans_list: bezceremonialny
sense:
Abrupt in address; plain; unceremonious; wanting in the forms of civility; rough in manners or speech.


lexentry: eng/blush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blush
trans_list: czerwienienie | zaczerwienienie
sense:
An act of blushing; a pink or red glow on the face caused by embarrassment, shame, shyness, love, etc.


lexentry: eng/blush__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: blush
trans_list: czerwienieć | poczerwienieć | rumienić | sczerwienieć
sense:
(intransitive) To become red or pink in the face (and sometimes experience an associated feeling of warmth), especially due to shyness, love, shame, excitement, or embarrassment.


lexentry: eng/boa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boa
trans_list: boa
sense:
Any of a group of large American snakes, of the genus Boa, subfamily Boinae, or family Boidae, including the boa constrictor and the emperor boa of Mexico.


lexentry: eng/boa__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: boa
trans_list: boa
sense:
A type of long scarf; typically made from synthetic or real feathers (or occasionally fur), and usually worn by being draped across the shoulders with the ends hanging low, sometimes also with a loop around the neck.


lexentry: eng/board__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board
trans_list: deska
sense:
A relatively long, wide and thin piece of any material, usually wood or similar, often for use in construction or furniture-making.


lexentry: eng/board__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: board
trans_list: panel
sense:
A device (e.g., switchboard) containing electrical switches and other controls and designed to control lights, sound, telephone connections, etc.


lexentry: eng/board__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: board
trans_list: plansza | tablica
sense:
Short for blackboard, whiteboard, chessboard, surfboard, circuit board, message board (on the Internet), bulletin board, etc.


lexentry: eng/board__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: board
trans_list: abordażować | dokonać abordażu | dokonywać abordażu
sense:
(transitive, nautical) To (at least attempt to) capture an enemy ship by going alongside and grappling her, then invading her with a boarding party.


lexentry: eng/board_game__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board game
trans_list: gra planszowa | planszówka
sense:
Any of many games of strategy or chance played on a specially designed board; often involves one or more players moving pieces and using dice or cards.


lexentry: eng/board_meeting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board meeting
trans_list: posiedzenie zarządu | zebranie zarządu
sense:
A meeting held by the board (of directors) of a company, or any other organisation that has a governing board.


lexentry: eng/board_of_directors__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board of directors
trans_list: zarząd
sense:
A group of people elected by stockholders to establish corporate policies and make management decisions.


lexentry: eng/board_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: board up
trans_list: zabijać | zabić
sense:
(transitive) To block doors or windows with boards, either to prevent access or as protection from storms, etc.


lexentry: eng/boarder__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: boarder
trans_list: pirat | piratka
sense:
(nautical) A sailor attacking an enemy ship by boarding her, or one repelling such attempts by an enemy.


lexentry: eng/boarding_pass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boarding pass
trans_list: karta pokładowa
sense:
A document or card, similar to a ticket, needed in order to board an airplane or other mode of transport.


lexentry: eng/boarding_school__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boarding school
trans_list: internat
sense:
A residential school, where the students are housed on-site (the school provides board and lodging as well as education), sometimes involuntarily, typically at a pre-collegiate level.


lexentry: eng/boardroom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boardroom
trans_list: sala posiedzeń
sense:
The room where a group of people (especially the board of a company or organization) conducts its meetings


lexentry: eng/boardwalk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boardwalk
trans_list: promenada
sense:
A slightly elevated path (walkway) for pedestrians over sandy or swampy ground, typically made out of wood; specifically (Canada, US) one running alongside a body of water or beach.


lexentry: eng/boathook__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boathook
trans_list: osęk | osęka | bosak
sense:
A hook attached to a pole used for pulling or pushing boats, rafts, logs or other objects to or from the side of a boat.


lexentry: eng/boatswain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boatswain
trans_list: bosman
sense:
(nautical) The officer (or warrant officer) in charge of sails, rigging, anchors, cables etc. and all work on deck of a sailing ship.


lexentry: eng/bob__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bob
trans_list: podskakiwać
sense:
(intransitive) To move gently and vertically, in either a single motion or repeatedly up and down, at or near the surface of a body of water, or similar medium.


lexentry: eng/bob_haircut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bob haircut
trans_list: bob
sense:
A women's haircut in which both the bangs and back are cut in a straight line, with the back generally off the neck.


lexentry: eng/bobolink__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bobolink
trans_list: ryżojad
sense:
An American migratory songbird (Dolichonyx oryzivorus), resembling a blackbird with the bill of a finch.


lexentry: eng/bocal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bocal
trans_list: słoik
sense:
A curved, tapered metal tube which connects the reed of several double reed woodwind instruments (such as the cor anglais, bassoon, and contrabassoon) to the rest of the instrument.


lexentry: eng/bocce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bocce
trans_list: bocce
sense:
(sports, uncountable) A game, similar to bowls or pétanque, played on a long, narrow, dirt-covered court, or informally, as a lawn game.


lexentry: eng/bodily_fluid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bodily fluid
trans_list: płyn ustrojowy
sense:
(anatomy) Any liquid portion of the body, such as blood, urine, semen, saliva, especially when expelled.


lexentry: eng/body_double__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body double
trans_list: dubler
sense:
A film stand-in for an actor, in scenes not involving the face, especially during scenes of nudity, or of dangerous activity.


lexentry: eng/body_heat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body heat
trans_list: ciepłota
sense:
Heat produced from within the body of a (warmblooded) animal as opposed to absorbed from the environment.


lexentry: eng/body_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body language
trans_list: mowa ciala | mowa ciała
sense:
Nonverbal communication by means of facial expressions, eye behavior, gestures, posture, and the like; often thought to be involuntary.


lexentry: eng/body_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: body language
trans_list: mowa ciala | mowa ciała
sense:
Deliberate, usually culturally influenced, nonverbal communication using the body through facial expressions, gestures, dance, mime, etc.


lexentry: eng/body_mass_index__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body mass index
trans_list: wskaźnik masy ciała
sense:
A statistical measure of the weight of a person scaled according to height, used to estimate if a person is underweight or overweight. BMI units are defined as \mathrm{kg}/\mathrm{m}^2 ≈ \mathrm{703*lb}/\mathrm{in}^2.


lexentry: eng/body_of_water__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body of water
trans_list: akwen
sense:
Any significant accumulation of water, usually covering the Earth or another planet, such as an ocean, a river, a lake or a bay.


lexentry: eng/body_temperature__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: body temperature
trans_list: temperatura ciała
sense:
The temperature of the body of a person or animal, especially when used as a simple guide to health.


lexentry: eng/bodybuilder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bodybuilder
trans_list: kulturysta | kulturystka
sense:
(bodybuilding) A person who uses diet and exercise to build an aesthetically muscular physique, in order to compete in bodybuilding.


lexentry: eng/bodyweight__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bodyweight
trans_list: masą ciała
sense:
Employing (only) a person's own weight as resistance to movement for the purpose of physical exercise.


lexentry: eng/boffin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boffin
trans_list: naukowiec
sense:
(Australia, New Zealand, Britain, Ireland, informal) An engineer or scientist, especially one engaged in technological or military research. [from 1930s]


lexentry: eng/bog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bog
trans_list: torfowisko | bajoro | błoto
sense:
(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)


lexentry: eng/bog_bilberry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bog bilberry
trans_list: borówka bagienna | łochynia
sense:
A shrub native of the cool temperate areas of northern hemisphere, Vaccinium uliginosum, and the berry of that shrub.


lexentry: eng/bogan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bogan
trans_list: bydło
sense:
(Australia, NZ, slang, derogatory stereotype) An unsophisticated person from a working class background.


lexentry: eng/bogeyman__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bogeyman
trans_list: czarny lud | straszydło
sense:
(by extension) Any make-believe threat, especially one used to intimidate or distract; a real threat greatly exaggerated for those purposes.


lexentry: eng/bogie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bogie
trans_list: wózek
sense:
(by extension, rail transport, also, attributively) One of two sets of wheels under a locomotive or railcar; also, a structure with axles and wheels under a locomotive, railcar, or semi which provides support and reduces vibration for the vehicle.


lexentry: eng/boil_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: boil down
trans_list: streszczać
sense:
(intransitive) To become reduced (to the most central elements or ingredients: to the essence, core, or implication for action).


lexentry: eng/boil_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: boil down
trans_list: zmniejszać
sense:
(transitive) To reduce (to the most central elements or ingredients: to the essence, core, or implication for action).


lexentry: eng/boiler__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: boiler
trans_list: bojler | kocioł
sense:
A device consisting of a heat source and a tank for storing hot water, typically for space heating, domestic hot water etc., disregarding the source of heat.


lexentry: eng/boilerplate__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: boilerplate
trans_list: gotowiec | szablon
sense:
(computing) A standard piece of program code used routinely and added with a text editor or word processor.


lexentry: eng/boilery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boilery
trans_list: warzelnia
sense:
A buisness (and place of business) that engages primarily in boiling, such as in the boiling of sugarcane juice to make sugar, the boiling of brine to make salt, the boiling of soap or tallow, the boiling of bones to make glue, etc.


lexentry: eng/boilery__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: boilery
trans_list: warzelnia
sense:
A room or area where there is equipment for boiling that is part of a larger establishment, such as equipment for rendering blubber on board a whaling vessel, or vats for boiling laundry as part of a large farmhouse.


lexentry: eng/boiling_point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boiling point
trans_list: temperatura wrzenia
sense:
(physical chemistry, physics) The temperature at which a liquid boils, with the vapor pressure equal to the given external pressure.


lexentry: eng/bok_choy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bok choy
trans_list: kapusta właściwa chińska
sense:
Chinese cabbage, Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis, an East Asian leafy vegetable related to the Western cabbage.


lexentry: eng/bokeh__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bokeh
trans_list: bokeh
sense:
(photography) A subjective aesthetic quality of out-of-focus areas of an image projected by a camera lens.


lexentry: eng/boldface__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boldface
trans_list: drukowanie techniką bold
sense:
(typography) A font that is dark, having a high ratio of ink to white space, written or drawn with thick strong lines.


lexentry: eng/bolete__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bolete
trans_list: borowik
sense:
A type of fruiting body produced by certain fungus species in the order Boletales, especially those of genus Boletus, many of which are prized for their flavour; any species of said order that produces such a fruiting body.


lexentry: eng/boll_weevil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boll weevil
trans_list: kwieciak bawełniany
sense:
A beetle (Anthonomus grandis) measuring an average length of six millimeters (¼ inch), which feeds on cotton buds and flowers, native to Central America.


lexentry: eng/bollard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bollard
trans_list: pachołek | słupek
sense:
A similar post preventing vehicle access to a pedestrian area, to delineate traffic lanes, or used for security purposes.


lexentry: eng/bolster__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bolster
trans_list: podkładka
sense:
A pad, quilt, or anything used to hinder pressure, support part of the body, or make a bandage sit easy upon a wounded part; a compress.


lexentry: eng/bolster__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bolster
trans_list: podpora
sense:
A short, horizontal structural timber between a post and a beam for enlarging the bearing area of the post and/or reducing the span of the beam.


lexentry: eng/bolt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bolt
trans_list: bełt
sense:
A (usually) metal fastener consisting of a cylindrical body that is threaded, with a larger head on one end. It can be inserted into an unthreaded hole up to the head, with a nut then threaded on the other end; a heavy machine screw.


lexentry: eng/bolt__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bolt
trans_list: śruba | rygiel | antaba
sense:
A bar of wood or metal dropped in horizontal hooks on a door and adjoining wall or between the two sides of a double door, to prevent the door(s) from being forced open.


lexentry: eng/bolt__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: bolt
trans_list: ryglować
sense:
(US, politics) To refuse to support a nomination made by a party or caucus with which one has been connected; to break away from a party.


lexentry: eng/bolthole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bolthole
trans_list: luka
sense:
A hole in an animal’s den, or through a wall or fence, used for escape or emergency exit, i.e., a hole the animal may bolt through.


lexentry: eng/bolthole__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bolthole
trans_list: sanktuarium
sense:
(figurative) A second home, etc., where one can seek an escape or refuge from the stresses of everyday life.


lexentry: eng/bomb_crater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bomb crater
trans_list: lej po bombie
sense:
A hole in the ground created by the explosion of a large bomb, usually one dropped by a bomber (aircraft).


lexentry: eng/bombard__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bombard
trans_list: bombardować | zbombardować
sense:
(physics) To direct at a substance an intense stream of high-energy particles, usually sub-atomic or made of at most a few atoms.


lexentry: eng/bombardier_beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bombardier beetle
trans_list: bombowiec
sense:
A beetle whose defence mechanism enables it to eject a hot aqueous mixture of chemicals at predators. They come from a number of subfamilies: Carabinae (e.g., Brachinus crepitans), Metriinae (e.g., Stenaptinus insignis) and Paussinae (e.g., Goniotropis nicaraguensis).


lexentry: eng/bombastic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bombastic
trans_list: pompatyczny
sense:
(of a person, their language or writing) showy in speech and given to using flowery or elaborate terms; grandiloquent; pompous


lexentry: eng/bombshell__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bombshell
trans_list: pocisk
sense:
(historical) Any grenade, mortar shell, or artillery shell (hollow metal object) containing a charge that can explode.


lexentry: eng/bonanza__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bonanza
trans_list: bonanza
sense:
(by extension, figurative) Anything which is a great source of wealth or yields a large income or return.


lexentry: eng/bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bond
trans_list: więzy
sense:
(legal) A document constituting evidence of a long-term debt, by which the bond issuer (the borrower) is obliged to pay interest when due, and repay the principal at maturity, as specified on the face of the bond certificate. The rights of the holder are specified in the bond indenture, which contains the legal terms and conditions under which the bond was issued. Bonds are available in two forms: registered bonds, and bearer bonds.


lexentry: eng/bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bond
trans_list: więź
sense:
An emotional link, connection or union; that which holds two or more people together, as in a friendship; a tie.


lexentry: eng/bond__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: bond
trans_list: wątek
sense:
(construction) In building, a specific pattern of bricklaying, based on overlapping rows or layers to give strength.


lexentry: eng/bondsman__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bondsman
trans_list: poręczyciel
sense:
Someone who signs a bond that states that they have taken responsibility for someone else's obligations.


lexentry: eng/bone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bone
trans_list: kość
sense:
(uncountable) A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates.


lexentry: eng/bone_density__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bone density
trans_list: mineralna gęstość kości
sense:
(medicine) A measure of the amount of mineral in bones, used to estimate the risk of osteoporosis or fractures owing to bone loss.


lexentry: eng/bone_marrow__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bone marrow
trans_list: szpik kostny | szpik
sense:
(anatomy) The fatty vascular tissue that fills the cavities of bones, being the place where new blood cells are produced.


lexentry: eng/bone_of_contention__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bone of contention
trans_list: kość niezgody | jabłko niezgody
sense:
(idiomatic) Something that continues to be disputed; something on which no agreement can be reached.


lexentry: eng/bonfire__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bonfire
trans_list: stos
sense:
A fire lit outdoors to burn unwanted items; originally (historical) , heretics or other offenders, or banned books; now, generally agricultural or garden waste, or rubbish.


lexentry: eng/bong__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bong
trans_list: fajka wodna
sense:
A vessel, usually made of glass or ceramic and filled with water, used in smoking various substances, especially cannabis.


lexentry: eng/bong__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bong
trans_list: lejek z wężem
sense:
A device for rapidly consuming beer, usually consisting of a funnel or reservoir of beer and a length of tubing.


lexentry: eng/boning_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boning knife
trans_list: nóż do filetowania
sense:
a sharp-pointed and narrow-bladed kitchen knife, used for removing the bones of poultry, meat, and fish.


lexentry: eng/bonnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bonnet
trans_list: maska
sense:
(Australia, British, NZ, South Africa, Commonwealth, automotive) The hinged cover over the engine of a motor car, also known as a hood in chiefly Canada and the US.


lexentry: eng/bonus_genius__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bonus genius
trans_list: dobry duch
sense:
(obsolete) A benevolent spirit or angel, seen as influencing a person's decisions in a beneficial way.


lexentry: eng/bony_fish__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bony fish
trans_list: ryba kostna
sense:
A fish belonging to either the Actinopterygii taxonomic class or the Sarcopterygii taxonomic class; a finfish.


lexentry: eng/boo__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boo
trans_list: bu
sense:
A loud exclamation intended to scare someone. Usually used when one has been hidden from the target, and then appears unexpectedly.


lexentry: eng/booby__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: booby
trans_list: głuptak
sense:
Any of various large tropical seabirds from the genera Sula and Papasula in the gannet family Sulidae, traditionally considered to be stupid.


lexentry: eng/book__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: book
trans_list: książka | księga
sense:
A collection of sheets of paper bound together to hinge at one edge, containing printed or written material, pictures, etc.


lexentry: eng/book__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: book
trans_list: książka
sense:
A long work fit for publication, typically prose, such as a novel or textbook, and typically published as such a bound collection of sheets, but now sometimes electronically as an e-book.


lexentry: eng/book_of_hours__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: book of hours
trans_list: godzinki
sense:
(Christianity, chiefly, _, historical) An illuminated Catholic devotional book, popular in the Middle Ages.


lexentry: eng/book_value__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: book value
trans_list: wartość księgowa
sense:
The value of an asset as reflected on an entity's accounting books, without accounting for appreciation or depreciation.


lexentry: eng/book_value__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: book value
trans_list: wartość księgowa
sense:
The price for which an item or service should be bought or sold, usually as related in a printed collection of prices for similar items or services.


lexentry: eng/bookcrossing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bookcrossing
trans_list: bookcrossing
sense:
The practice of leaving a book in a public location to be found and read by others, who then do the same.


lexentry: eng/bookkeeping__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bookkeeping
trans_list: księgowość
sense:
(accounting) The skill or practice of keeping books or systematic records of financial transactions, e.g. income and expenses.


lexentry: eng/bookmaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bookmaker
trans_list: bukmacher
sense:
(gambling) A person (or a business) who calculates odds and accepts bets, especially on horse racing; a bookie.


lexentry: eng/bookmobile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bookmobile
trans_list: bibliobus | bibliowóz
sense:
A mobile library; especially, a large van designed to transport a portion of some library's collection.


lexentry: eng/bookplate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bookplate
trans_list: ekslibris
sense:
A printed piece of paper pasted on one of the pages of a book, most often on the inside front cover, showing ownership and thus deterring theft.


lexentry: eng/boom__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boom
trans_list: bom
sense:
(sailing) A spar extending the foot of a sail; a spar rigged outboard from a ship's side to which boats are secured in harbour.


lexentry: eng/boom_barrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boom barrier
trans_list: szlaban | rogatka
sense:
A bar or pole that can be lowered to block vehicular access through a controlled location, or raised to allow traffic to pass.


lexentry: eng/boom_vang__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boom vang
trans_list: obciągacz bomu
sense:
(nautical) A line or piston system on a sailboat used to exert downward force on the boom and thus control the shape of the sail; a martingale.


lexentry: eng/boomerang__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boomerang
trans_list: bumerang
sense:
A flat curved airfoil that spins about an axis perpendicular to the direction of flight, originally used in various parts of the world as a hunting weapon or, in returnable types, for sports or training.


lexentry: eng/booster__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: booster
trans_list: rakietowy silnik
sense:
(aerospace) The first stage of a multistage rocket, providing primary or supplemental thrust for liftoff and early flight.


lexentry: eng/boot__Verb__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boot
trans_list: uruchomić | wykonać rozruch
sense:
(computing) To bootstrap; to start a system, e.g. a computer, by invoking its boot process or bootstrap.


lexentry: eng/booted_eagle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: booted eagle
trans_list: orzełek włochaty | orzełek
sense:
Hieraaetus pennatus, a medium-sized mostly migratory bird of prey with a wide distribution in the Palearctic and southern Asia.


lexentry: eng/bootleg__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bootleg
trans_list: handlować pirackim produktem
sense:
(ambitransitive) To make, transport and/or sell an illegal version or copy of a copyrighted product.


lexentry: eng/bora__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bora
trans_list: bora
sense:
A cold, often dry, northeasterly wind which blows, sometimes in violent gusts, down from mountains on the eastern shore of the Adriatic Sea. It also applies to cold, squally, downslope winds in other parts of the world.


lexentry: eng/borage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: borage
trans_list: ogórecznik lekarski | ogórecznik
sense:
Borago officinalis, a Mediterranean plant with rough, cucumber-flavored leaves and stems, used in salads and cooked.


lexentry: eng/borax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: borax
trans_list: boraks
sense:
A white or gray/grey crystalline salt, with a slight alkaline taste, used as a flux, in soldering metals, making enamels, fixing colors/colours on porcelain, and as a soap, etc.


lexentry: eng/borax__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: borax
trans_list: boraks
sense:
(inorganic compound) The sodium salt of boric acid, Na2B4O7, either anhydrous or with 5 or 10 molecules of water of crystallization; sodium tetraborate.


lexentry: eng/border_collie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: border collie
trans_list: border collie
sense:
A herding dog of a breed originating near the border between England and Scotland, and specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.


lexentry: eng/borderer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: borderer
trans_list: kresowiec
sense:
A person who lives near the border of a country or district, especially that between England and Scotland.


lexentry: eng/borderer__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: borderer
trans_list: kresowiec
sense:
A soldier of a border regiment in the British Army (Border Regiment, South Wales Borderers, King's Own Scottish Borderers).


lexentry: eng/bore__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bore
trans_list: wiercić | borować | świdrować
sense:
(intransitive) To make a hole with, or as if with, a boring instrument; to cut a circular hole by the rotary motion of a tool.


lexentry: eng/boric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boric acid
trans_list: kwas borowy
sense:
(inorganic compound) H3BO3; B(OH)3; a white crystalline solid, soluble in hot water to form a weak acid. Used as a mild antiseptic, flame retardant, insecticide, and in the manufacture of borax and other borate salts.


lexentry: eng/boron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boron
trans_list: bor
sense:
The chemical element (symbol B) with an atomic number of 5, which is a metalloid found in its pure form as a dark amorphous powder.


lexentry: eng/borrow__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: borrow
trans_list: zapożyczać | zapożyczyć
sense:
(arithmetic) In a subtraction, to deduct (one) from a digit of the minuend and add ten to the following digit, in order that the subtraction of a larger digit in the subtrahend from the digit in the minuend to which ten is added gives a positive result.


lexentry: eng/borscht__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: borscht
trans_list: barszcz | barszcz czerwony
sense:
A beetroot soup that can be served hot or cold, usually with sour cream, called borsch in its countries of origin.


lexentry: eng/boson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boson
trans_list: bozon
sense:
(particle) A particle with totally symmetric composite quantum states, which exempts them from the Pauli exclusion principle, and that hence obeys Bose-Einstein statistics. They have integer spin. Among them are many elementary particles, and some (gauge bosons) are known to carry the fundamental forces. Compare fermion.


lexentry: eng/boss__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: boss
trans_list: szef
sense:
(informal, especially, India, MLE, and, Philippines) A term of address to a man, especially a customer, but also sometimes to a friend or acquaintance of equal standing.


lexentry: eng/boss__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boss
trans_list: umbo
sense:
A convex protuberance in hammered work, especially the rounded projection in the centre of a shield.


lexentry: eng/bossa_nova__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bossa nova
trans_list: bossa nova
sense:
A genre of music originating from Brazil, similar to a fusion of jazz and samba music, no longer closely associated with the Brazilian dance.


lexentry: eng/bossage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bossage
trans_list: boniowanie
sense:
(architecture) A rough, unfinished stone block, which is left projecting from the wall of a building to be later sculpted.


lexentry: eng/bot__Noun__3
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bot
trans_list: bot
sense:
(computing) A piece of software designed to perform a task (often a minor but repetitive one) automatically or on command, especially when operating with the appearance of a (human) user profile or account.


lexentry: eng/bota_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bota bag
trans_list: bukłak
sense:
A traditional Greek or Spanish wineskin bag. Typically it is made of leather, and is used to carry wine, although any liquid can be carried.


lexentry: eng/botanical_garden__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botanical garden
trans_list: ogród botaniczny
sense:
A place where a variety of plants are grown, primarily for scientific or educational reasons, but are normally open to the public, and include ornamental plants from around the world.


lexentry: eng/botch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botch
trans_list: amatorszczyzna | chałtura | fuszerka | partanina
sense:
An action, job, or task that has been performed very badly; a ruined, defective, or clumsy piece of work.


lexentry: eng/botch__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botch
trans_list: knocić | fuszerować | partaczyć | partolić | sfuszerować | sknocić
sense:
(transitive) To perform (a task) in an unacceptable or incompetent manner; to make a mess of something


lexentry: eng/botfly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botfly
trans_list: giez
sense:
One of several dipterous insects of the family Oestridae, the larvae of which are parasites on many animals, including humans.


lexentry: eng/bottle-feed__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottle-feed
trans_list: karmić butelką
sense:
To feed a baby using a bottle, especially using a bottle filled with milk other than from its mother


lexentry: eng/bottle_crate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottle crate
trans_list: skrzynka (na butelki)
sense:
A container used for transport of beverage containers. In the present day they are usually made of plastic, but before the widespread use of plastic they tended to be made of wood or metal.


lexentry: eng/bottle_deposit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottle deposit
trans_list: zaliczka za butelkę
sense:
A monetary deposit collected at the point of sale when a bottled beverage is purchased, and fully or partially refunded when the empty bottle is returned.


lexentry: eng/bottle_episode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottle episode
trans_list: epizod butelkowy | odcinek butelkowy
sense:
(originally, US, television) An episode of a television series designed to be inexpensive and restricted in its use of sets, effects, cast members, etc.


lexentry: eng/bottle_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottle out
trans_list: stchórzyć | tchórzyć
sense:
(UK, informal) To fail to perform a promised or planned action due to lack of courage or nerve; to run away or back down from a contest or challenge.


lexentry: eng/bottled_water__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottled water
trans_list: woda butelkowana
sense:
Drinking water sold by bottle, either natural or processed by e.g. filtering, carbonation or mineralization.


lexentry: eng/bottlenose_dolphin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottlenose dolphin
trans_list: butlonos
sense:
One of the species of gray dolphin in the genus Tursiops, between 2 and 4 meters in length inhabiting warm and temperate seas worldwide.


lexentry: eng/bottom-up__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottom-up
trans_list: oddolny
sense:
Of or relating to a hierarchical system that progresses from multiple small subunits to a single, large basic unit.


lexentry: eng/bottom__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: bottom
trans_list: dno
sense:
(uncountable, British, slang) Character, reliability, staying power, dignity, integrity or sound judgment.


lexentry: eng/bottom_line__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottom line
trans_list: saldo
sense:
(countable, uncountable, business) The final balance; the amount of money or profit left after everything has been tallied.


lexentry: eng/bottom_quark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bottom quark
trans_list: kwark b
sense:
(particle) A quark having a fractional electric charge of -\frac{1}{3} and a mass of about 4,100 to 4,400 MeV.Symbol: b


lexentry: eng/botulism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: botulism
trans_list: botulizm
sense:
(pathology) Poisoning caused by the toxin from Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic bacterium that grows in improperly prepared food.


lexentry: eng/bougainvillea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bougainvillea
trans_list: bugenwilla
sense:
Any of several South American flowering shrubs or lianas, of the genus Bougainvillea, having three showy, colorful bracts attached below each group of three inconspicuous flowers.


lexentry: eng/bounce__Verb__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: bounce
trans_list: wybywać | wybyć
sense:
(transitive, electronics, computing) To turn power to (a device) off and back on; to reset; to reboot.


lexentry: eng/bouncer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bouncer
trans_list: bramkarz | wykidajło
sense:
(informal) A member of security personnel employed by bars, nightclubs, etc. to decide who can enter, maintain order, and deal with patrons who cause trouble.


lexentry: eng/bouncing_castle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bouncing castle
trans_list: dmuchany zamek
sense:
A large inflatable structure, resembling a castle etc., on which children jump and play as on a trampoline.


lexentry: eng/bound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bound
trans_list: granica
sense:
(often, used in plural) A boundary, the border which one must cross in order to enter or leave a territory.


lexentry: eng/bound_morpheme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bound morpheme
trans_list: morfem gramatyczny
sense:
(linguistic morphology) A morpheme that can only occur when bound to a root morpheme. For example: cran- (as in cranberry), -ed, -ing, -ly.


lexentry: eng/boundary__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: boundary
trans_list: brzeg
sense:
(topology) (of a set) the set of points in the closure of a set S, not belonging to the interior of that set


lexentry: eng/bourgeois__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bourgeois
trans_list: burżuazyjny
sense:
(Marxism) Of or relating to the capitalist class, (usually, _, pejorative) the capitalist exploitation of the proletariat.


lexentry: eng/boustrophedon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boustrophedon
trans_list: bustrofedon
sense:
(historical, calligraphy, of writing) Writing that is right-to-left and left-to-right on alternate lines.


lexentry: eng/bovarysm__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bovarysm
trans_list: bovaryzm | bowaryzm
sense:
(psychology) An anxiety to escape from a social or sentimental condition judged to be unsatisfactory, sometimes by building a fictitious personality.


lexentry: eng/bovine_spongiform_encephalopathy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bovine spongiform encephalopathy
trans_list: chorobą szalonych krów | gąbczasta encefalopatia bydła
sense:
(disease, neurology) A fatal, neurodegenerative disease of cattle, which is transmissible to humans through misshaped prion proteins, caused by eating infected tissues.


lexentry: eng/bovver_boots__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bovver boots
trans_list: glany
sense:
(1970s, _, British, _, slang) Stout lace-up boots, especially Dr. Martens, perceived to be worn for the purpose of kicking people in fights, and popular with skinheads or other troublemakers out looking for bovver.


lexentry: eng/bow__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bow
trans_list: łuk
sense:
(archery) A weapon made of a curved piece of wood or other flexible material whose ends are connected by a string, used for shooting arrows.


lexentry: eng/bow__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bow
trans_list: smyczek | łuk
sense:
(musical instrument) A rod with horsehair (or an artificial substitute) stretched between the ends, used for playing various stringed musical instruments.


lexentry: eng/bow__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: bow
trans_list: łuk | smyczek
sense:
Any instrument consisting of an elastic rod, with ends connected by a string, employed for giving reciprocating motion to a drill, or for preparing and arranging hair, fur, etc., used by hatters.


lexentry: eng/bow__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bow
trans_list: pokłon | ukłon
sense:
A gesture, usually showing respect, made by inclining the head or bending forward at the waist; a reverence


lexentry: eng/bow__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bow
trans_list: wygiąć | zgiąć
sense:
(transitive, figurative) To exercise powerful or controlling influence over; to bend, figuratively; to turn; to incline.


lexentry: eng/bow_grip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bow grip
trans_list: wózek dziecięcy
sense:
(musical instruments, lutherie) The small section of a stringed instrument's bow near the heel having grippy material such as goatskin leather or snakeskin wrapped tightly around the bow stick between the lapping and the frog, so as to facilitate it being held and to protect the stick.


lexentry: eng/bow_saw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bow saw
trans_list: kabłąkowa
sense:
A lightweight metal-framed saw in the shape of a bow with a removable coarse wide blade, used for cutting tree trunks.


lexentry: eng/bowdlerize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowdlerize
trans_list: cenzurować | ocenzurować | ugrzeczniać | ugrzecznić
sense:
(transitive) To remove or alter those parts of a text considered offensive, vulgar, or otherwise unseemly.


lexentry: eng/bower_bird__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bower bird
trans_list: altannik
sense:
Any bird of the Australasian family Ptilonorhynchidae noted for building display structures (bowers) and decorating them with bright objects such as shells, glass, flowers, etc.


lexentry: eng/bowhead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowhead
trans_list: wal grenlandzki | wieloryb grenlandzki
sense:
A large baleen whale, of species Balaena mysticetus, having a large, rounded head, that inhabits Arctic waters.


lexentry: eng/bowl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowl
trans_list: misa
sense:
A roughly hemispherical container used to hold, mix or present food, such as salad, fruit or soup, or other items.


lexentry: eng/bowl__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bowl
trans_list: czerpak
sense:
(cooking) A dish comprising a mix of different foods, not all of which need be cooked, served in a bowl.


lexentry: eng/bowl_cut__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowl cut
trans_list: fryzura na grzybka | grzybek
sense:
(hairstyling) A haircut where the hair is cut short on the sides and back and allowed to grow long on the top, as though only the hair not covered by an inverted bowl had been removed.


lexentry: eng/bowline__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bowline
trans_list: węzeł ratowniczy
sense:
(nautical) A knot tied so as to produce an eye or loop in the end of a rope that will not slip or jam.


lexentry: eng/bowling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowling
trans_list: bowling | kręgle
sense:
A game played by rolling a ball down an alley and trying to knock over a triangular group of ten pins; ten-pin bowling/five-pin bowling


lexentry: eng/bowsprit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bowsprit
trans_list: bukszpryt | dziobak
sense:
(ship parts) A spar projecting over the prow of a sailing vessel to provide the means of adding sail surface.


lexentry: eng/box-office_bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: box-office bomb
trans_list: fiasko | klapa
sense:
(informal, film) A motion picture that generates relatively low revenue at the box office, especially less than the budget for producing it.


lexentry: eng/box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: box
trans_list: ochraniacz na jądra
sense:
(cricket) A hard protector for the genitals worn inside the underpants by a batsman or close fielder.


lexentry: eng/box__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: box
trans_list: bukszpan
sense:
Any of various evergreen shrubs or trees of genus Buxus, especially common box, European box, or boxwood (Buxus sempervirens) which is often used for making hedges and topiary.


lexentry: eng/box__Noun__2
sense_num: 05
written_rep: box
trans_list: bukszpan
sense:
(Australia) Various species of Eucalyptus trees are popularly called various kinds of boxes, on the basis of the nature of their wood, bark, or appearance for example, drooping box (Eucalyptus bicolor), shiny-leaved box (Eucalyptus tereticornis), black box, or ironbark box trees.


lexentry: eng/box_plot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: box plot
trans_list: wykres pudełkowy
sense:
(statistics) A graphical summary of a numerical data sample through five statistics: median, lower quartile, upper quartile, and some indication of more extreme upper and lower values.


lexentry: eng/box_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: box tree
trans_list: bukszpan
sense:
(botany) Any of several trees, of the genus Buxus, often used as a hedge, for topiary, and as a source of boxwood


lexentry: eng/boxing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boxing
trans_list: boks
sense:
(sports) A sport where two opponents punch each other with gloved fists to head and torso; the object being to score more points by the end of the match or by knockout, or technical knockout.


lexentry: eng/boxing_glove__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boxing glove
trans_list: rękawica bokserska
sense:
(boxing, clothing) A padded mitten, designed to protect the hand while punching, and worn in boxing.


lexentry: eng/boxwood__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: boxwood
trans_list: bukszpan
sense:
(uncountable) The hard, close-grained wood of this tree, used in delicate woodwork and in making inlays.


lexentry: eng/boy__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: boy
trans_list: chłopiec
sense:
(informal, sometimes mildly derogatory) A male human of any age, as opposed to a "girl" (female human of any age).


lexentry: eng/boy_scout__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: boy scout
trans_list: harcerzyk
sense:
(sometimes, derogatory) A man adhering to the values of honesty and idealism, and possibly somewhat naive or unworldly.


lexentry: eng/boyar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boyar
trans_list: bojar | bojarzyn
sense:
(historical) A member of a rank of aristocracy (second only to princes) in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Serbia and Romania.


lexentry: eng/boyau__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boyau
trans_list: jelito
sense:
(military) A small trench or ditch, typically built in a zigzag pattern, serving to connect or provide communication between two trenches, particularly the rear and front lines.


lexentry: eng/boycott__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boycott
trans_list: bojkotować | zbojkotować
sense:
(transitive) To abstain, either as an individual or a group, from using, buying, or dealing with someone or some organization as an expression of protest.


lexentry: eng/boys_will_be_boys__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boys will be boys
trans_list: chłopcy zawsze będą chłopcami
sense:
It is hard, often fruitless, to attempt to curb the natural playfulness and tendency to mischief of most growing boys.


lexentry: eng/boys_will_be_boys__Proverb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: boys will be boys
trans_list: chłopcy zawsze będą chłopcami
sense:
(informal, chiefly, offensive) Any potentially objectionable behavior (especially predatory sexual behavior) that the speaker considers to be commonly practiced by many boys and men should be viewed as excusable because it comes naturally to them.


lexentry: eng/boysenberry__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: boysenberry
trans_list: koloru boysenberry
sense:
A colour of the purple colour spectrum, based on the same fruit's colour, whose hexadecimal code is #873260, RGB is rgb(135, 50, 96), CMYK is (63%, 29%, 47%) and HSL is hsl(328°, 46%, 36%).


lexentry: eng/brace__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: brace
trans_list: ankier
sense:
A piece of material used to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell.


lexentry: eng/brace__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: brace
trans_list: stadło
sense:
(nautical) A rope reeved through a block at the end of a yard, by which the yard is moved horizontally; also, a rudder gudgeon.


lexentry: eng/brachiopod__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brachiopod
trans_list: ramienionóg
sense:
Any of many marine invertebrates, of the phylum Brachiopoda, that have bivalve dorsal and ventral shells with two tentacle-bearing arms that capture food


lexentry: eng/brachiosaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brachiosaur
trans_list: brachiozaur
sense:
Any of several massive, herbivorous sauropod dinosaurs, of the genus Brachiosaurus, from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.


lexentry: eng/brachiosaurus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brachiosaurus
trans_list: brachiozaur
sense:
A large herbivorous sauropod dinosaur, Brachiosaurus altithorax, which lived during the Late Jurassic in North America.


lexentry: eng/brachytherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brachytherapy
trans_list: brachyterapia
sense:
Radiotherapy using radioactive sources positioned within (or close to) the treatment volume, typically with radiopharmaceuticals as opposed to external-beam sources.


lexentry: eng/bracken__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bracken
trans_list: orlica
sense:
(uncountable, countable) Any of several coarse ferns, of the genus Pteridium, that form dense thickets; often poisonous to livestock.


lexentry: eng/bracket__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bracket
trans_list: nawias
sense:
Any of the characters “(”, “)”, “[”, “]”, “{”, “}”, “⟨”, “⟩”, “<”, “>”, or the like, used in pairs to enclose parenthetic remarks, sections of mathematical expressions, etc.


lexentry: eng/bracket_fungus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bracket fungus
trans_list: huba
sense:
Any of various fungi of the family Polyporaceae, whose fruiting bodies form on trees and resemble shelves or brackets.


lexentry: eng/brackish__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brackish
trans_list: słonawy
sense:
(of water) Salty or slightly salty, as a mixture of fresh and sea water, such as that found in estuaries.


lexentry: eng/bract__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bract
trans_list: przykwiatek
sense:
(botany) A leaf or leaf-like structure from the axil out of which a stalk of a flower or an inflorescence arises.


lexentry: eng/bracteole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bracteole
trans_list: plewinka
sense:
(botany) A small leaf of leaf-like structure directly subtending a flower or inflorescence whose stalk itself is subtended by a bract.


lexentry: eng/bradycardia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bradycardia
trans_list: bradykardia | rzadkoskurcz
sense:
(medicine, cardiology) The condition of having a slow heartbeat, defined as under 60 beats per minute for an adult.


lexentry: eng/brag__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brag
trans_list: przechwalać się | chełpić się
sense:
(intransitive, often with of) To boast; to talk with excessive pride about what one has, is able to do, or has done; often as an attempt to popularize oneself.


lexentry: eng/braid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: braid
trans_list: warkocz | kosa
sense:
A weave of three or more strands of fibers, ribbons, cords or hair often for decoration. [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/braid__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: braid
trans_list: pleść | splatać | spleść
sense:
(transitive) To weave together, intertwine (strands of fibers, ribbons, etc.); to arrange (hair) in braids.


lexentry: eng/braille__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: braille
trans_list: alfabet Braille’a
sense:
A system of writing in which letters and some combinations of letters are represented by raised dots arranged in three or four rows of two dots each and are read by the blind and partially sighted using the fingertips.


lexentry: eng/brain-dead__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain-dead
trans_list: w stanie śmierci mózgu
sense:
(medicine, not comparable) Having an irreversible loss of brain function and cessation of brain activity.


lexentry: eng/brain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain
trans_list: mózg
sense:
The control center of the central nervous system of an animal located in the skull which is responsible for perception, cognition, attention, memory, emotion, and action.


lexentry: eng/brain_drain__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain drain
trans_list: drenaż mózgów
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic, uncommon) Of a nation or society, to be deprived of educated or talented people, who in turn migrate to larger cities or more developed nations.


lexentry: eng/brain_mushroom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain mushroom
trans_list: piestrzenica kasztanowata
sense:
A fungus common in Europe and North America and one of several species of fungi known as false morels, especially Gyromitra esculenta.


lexentry: eng/brain_rot__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brain rot
trans_list: brainrot
sense:
(slang, derogatory) Any form of media content that is deemed to hold little artistic value or negatively impact those who consume it.


lexentry: eng/brain_stem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brain stem
trans_list: pień mózgu
sense:
(neuroanatomy, anatomy) The part of the brain that connects the spinal cord to the cerebrum and the rest of the forebrain.


lexentry: eng/brainchild__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brainchild
trans_list: wynalazek
sense:
(informal) A creation of one's brain; an original idea or innovation of a person or group of people, an organization, etc.


lexentry: eng/brainwash__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brainwash
trans_list: prać mózg komu | wyprać mózg komu
sense:
(psychology) To affect one's mind by using extreme mental pressure or any other mind-affecting process. (e.g. hypnosis)


lexentry: eng/brainwashing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brainwashing
trans_list: pranie mózgu
sense:
A form of indoctrination that forces people to abandon their beliefs in favour of another set of beliefs by conditioning through various forms of pressure or torture.


lexentry: eng/braise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: braise
trans_list: dusić
sense:
(cooking) To cook in a small amount of liquid, in a covered pan, somewhere between steaming and boiling.


lexentry: eng/brake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brake
trans_list: hamulec
sense:
(engineering) An apparatus for testing the power of a steam engine or other motor by weighing the amount of friction that the motor will overcome; a friction brake.


lexentry: eng/brake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brake
trans_list: hamulec
sense:
A device used to slow or stop the motion of a wheel, or of a vehicle, usually by friction (although other resistive forces, such as electromagnetic fields or aerodynamic drag, can also be used); also, the controls or apparatus used to engage such a mechanism such as the pedal in a car. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/brake_fluid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brake fluid
trans_list: płyn hamulcowy
sense:
A special fluid for operating hydraulic brakes and clutches, which are linked by pipe to a master cylinder.


lexentry: eng/brake_pad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brake pad
trans_list: klocek hamulcowy
sense:
A friction element in a disc brake or rim brake, made from various compounds, often organic, semi-metallic, or ceramic.


lexentry: eng/braking_distance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: braking distance
trans_list: droga hamowania
sense:
The distance travelled by a vehicle between the time that the brakes are applied and the vehicle coming to rest


lexentry: eng/brambling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brambling
trans_list: jer
sense:
A finch, Fringilla montifringilla of northern Eurasia, the male having a black head in summer and an orange breast with white belly and a long white rump.


lexentry: eng/bran__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bran
trans_list: otręby
sense:
The broken coat of the seed of wheat, rye, or other cereal grain, separated from the flour or meal by sifting or bolting; the coarse, chaffy part of ground grain.


lexentry: eng/branch__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: branch
trans_list: rozgałęziać się
sense:
(intransitive, computing) To jump to a different location in a program, especially as the result of a conditional statement.


lexentry: eng/branchial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: branchial
trans_list: skrzelowy
sense:
Of, pertaining to, or resembling gills; of or pertaining to the embryonic branchial arches and clefts from which the gills arise.


lexentry: eng/brand__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brand
trans_list: marka
sense:
The symbolic identity, represented by a name and/or a logo, which indicates a certain product or service to the public.


lexentry: eng/brand_loyalty__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brand loyalty
trans_list: lojalność wobec marki
sense:
(business, marketing) The positive feelings towards a brand and dedication to purchase the same product or service repeatedly, regardless of deficiencies, a competitor's actions, or changes in the environment.


lexentry: eng/brandish__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brandish
trans_list: wymachiwać
sense:
(transitive) To move or swing a weapon back and forth, particularly if demonstrating anger, threat or skill.


lexentry: eng/brane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brane
trans_list: brana
sense:
(physics) A hypothetical object extending across a number of (often specified) spatial dimensions, with strings in string theory seen as one-dimensional examples.


lexentry: eng/brant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brant
trans_list: bernikla
sense:
(North American) Any of several wild geese, of the genus Branta, that breed in the Arctic, but especially the brent goose, Branta bernicla.


lexentry: eng/bras_d'honneur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bras d'honneur
trans_list: gest Kozakiewicza | wał
sense:
An obscene gesture in which an arm is bent into an L-shape, with the closed palm pointing upwards, while the other hand then grips the biceps of the bent arm, and the bent forearm is then raised vertically; it conveys the sense of “up yours!”.


lexentry: eng/brash__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brash
trans_list: zuchwały
sense:
(of people or behaviour) Overly bold or self-assertive to the point of being insensitive, tactless or impudent; shameless.


lexentry: eng/brass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brass
trans_list: mosiądz
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A metallic alloy of copper and zinc used in many industrial and plumbing applications.


lexentry: eng/brass__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brass
trans_list: instrument dęty blaszany | mosiężny
sense:
(music) A class of wind instruments, usually made of metal (such as brass), that use vibrations of the player's lips to produce sound; a band or the section of an orchestra that features such instruments.


lexentry: eng/brass__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brass
trans_list: łuska
sense:
Spent cartridge casings (usually made of brass): the part of the cartridge left over after bullets or shells have been fired.


lexentry: eng/brass_instrument__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brass instrument
trans_list: instrument dęty blaszany | blacha
sense:
(musical instruments) Any musical instrument whose tone is produced by vibration of the lips as the player blows into a mouthpiece (or tubular resonator).


lexentry: eng/brawn__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brawn
trans_list: salceson
sense:
(chiefly, British) Head cheese; a terrine made from the head of a pig or calf; originally boar's meat.


lexentry: eng/bray__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bray
trans_list: drzeć
sense:
(intransitive) Of an animal (now chiefly of animals related to the ass or donkey, and the camel): to make its cry.


lexentry: eng/bray__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bray
trans_list: drzeć
sense:
(transitive) To make or utter (a shout, sound, etc.) discordantly, loudly, or in a harsh and grating manner.


lexentry: eng/braze__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: braze
trans_list: zgrzewać
sense:
To join two metal pieces, without melting them, using heat and diffusion of a jointing alloy of capillary thickness.


lexentry: eng/brazen_bull__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brazen bull
trans_list: byk Falarisa | byk spiżowy | byk sycylijski | byk z brązu
sense:
An ancient torture device, supposed to have been devised by Perillos of Athens, consisting of a hollow bull fashioned from brass in which victims were imprisoned and burned to death.


lexentry: eng/brazier__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brazier
trans_list: koksiak | koksownik | mosiężnik
sense:
An upright standing or hanging metal bowl used for holding burning coal for a source of light or heat.


lexentry: eng/brazilwood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brazilwood
trans_list: fernambuk
sense:
A Brazilian timber tree (Paubrasilia echinata, syn. Caesalpinia echinata), used primarily to make bows for string instruments.


lexentry: eng/breach__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breach
trans_list: wyłom | wyrwa
sense:
A gap or opening made by breaking or battering, as in a wall, fortification or levee / embankment; the space between the parts of a solid body rent by violence.


lexentry: eng/bread_and_circuses__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bread and circuses
trans_list: chleba i igrzysk
sense:
(idiomatic) Food and entertainment provided by the state, particularly if intended to placate the people.


lexentry: eng/bread_maker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bread maker
trans_list: wypiekacz do chleba
sense:
A household appliance which makes dough from raw ingredients and in most cases can also bake it into bread.


lexentry: eng/breadcrumb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breadcrumb
trans_list: bułka tarta | okruszek chleba
sense:
(chiefly, in the plural) A tiny piece of bread, either one that falls from bread as it is cut or eaten, or one made deliberately by crumbling bread.


lexentry: eng/breadcrumb__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: breadcrumb
trans_list: okruszek chleba
sense:
(GUI, chiefly, in the plural) A single link in a chain indicating the hierarchical location of a directory, web page or similar, used as a navigation aid.


lexentry: eng/breadfruit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breadfruit
trans_list: chlebowiec właściwy
sense:
An evergreen tree, Artocarpus altilis, native to islands of the east Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean.


lexentry: eng/breadline__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: breadline
trans_list: granica ubóstwa
sense:
(British, figurative) The lowest income level at which one's most basic necessities of survival are met; poverty line or subsistence level.


lexentry: eng/breadstick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breadstick
trans_list: grissini | paluch | paluszek
sense:
A long, very slender loaf of crisp bread smaller than a baguette; for example, grissini from Italy and rosquilletas from Spain.


lexentry: eng/breadth-first_search__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breadth-first search
trans_list: przeszukiwanie wszerz
sense:
(graph theory) A search algorithm that begins at the root node and explores all the neighboring nodes.


lexentry: eng/break-even_point__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break-even point
trans_list: próg rentowności
sense:
(business, management) The point where total costs equal total revenue and the organization neither makes a profit nor suffers a loss.


lexentry: eng/break-of-gauge_station__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break-of-gauge station
trans_list: stacja przekroczenia toru
sense:
(rail) a railway station where railways of different track gauges meet, and where transhipment of goods and passengers takes place. Some of these stations have a bogie changing facility.


lexentry: eng/break__Verb__1
sense_num: 18
written_rep: break
trans_list: rozbijać się | rozbić się
sense:
(intransitive, of a wave of water) To collapse into surf, after arriving in shallow water. A wave breaking.


lexentry: eng/break__Verb__1
sense_num: 28
written_rep: break
trans_list: łamać | rozbić się | łamać się | złamać | rozbijać | połamać się
sense:
(intransitive, of a voice) To alter in type due to emotion or strain: in men, generally to go up, in women, sometimes to go down; to crack.


lexentry: eng/break_a_lance__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break a lance
trans_list: walczyć
sense:
(intransitive) to take a stand, to contend [with for ‘to the benefit of’] [with in favour of ‘to the benefit of’] [with against ‘in opposition to’] [with with ‘in opposition to’]


lexentry: eng/break_a_leg__Interjection__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break a leg
trans_list: powodzenia | połamania nóg
sense:
(idiomatic) Good luck!; Do your best!; Said to someone wishing they perform well in a theatrical production or comparable endeavor.


lexentry: eng/break_bad__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: break bad
trans_list: zejść na złą drogę
sense:
(colloquial, especially, Southern US, and, Midwest US, of a person) To go bad; to turn toward immorality or crime.


lexentry: eng/break_ground__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break ground
trans_list: rozpoczynać budowę | rozpocząć budowę
sense:
(literally) To begin digging in the earth at the start of a new construction, or, originally, for cultivation.


lexentry: eng/break_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: break in
trans_list: rozchodzić
sense:
(ambitransitive, ergative, idiomatic) To reach a state of functioning more smoothly through use or wear; to cause (something, or someone, new) to undergo this change.


lexentry: eng/break_new_ground__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break new ground
sense:
(literally) To begin excavating and levelling earth for a new building, or, originally, for cultivation.

trans_list:
rozpoczynać kopanie i wyrównywanie ziemi pod nowy budynek lub uprawę | rozpocząć kopanie i wyrównywanie ziemi pod nowy budynek lub uprawę


lexentry: eng/break_new_ground__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: break new ground
trans_list: być pionerem
sense:
(by extension) To initiate a new venture, especially something never before attempted; to advance or innovate.


lexentry: eng/break_of_gauge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break of gauge
trans_list: przekroczenie toru
sense:
(rail) an occurrence where a railway with one track gauge meets another railway of a different gauge, thus requiring transhipment of goods and passengers, or a change of bogies on the train.


lexentry: eng/break_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: break off
trans_list: odrywać
sense:
(transitive, slang, AAVE) To give (someone) (something); to allow (someone) to take (something); to grant (someone) a share or portion of (something).


lexentry: eng/break_one's_fast__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break one's fast
trans_list: jeść śniadanie
sense:
(dated) To eat breakfast; to eat the first meal of the day after a night of not eating or to conclude any period of fasting by consuming food.


lexentry: eng/break_wind__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: break wind
trans_list: psuć powietrze | puszczać gazy | puścić gazy | zepsuć powietrze
sense:
(idiomatic, euphemistic) To expel gases generated during digestion, especially through the anus; to fart.


lexentry: eng/breakcore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breakcore
trans_list: breakcore
sense:
(music) A style of electronic music characterised by a high tempo, complex and intricate breakbeats, and a wide palette of samples from various sources, especially the "Amen break".


lexentry: eng/breakdancing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breakdancing
trans_list: breakdance
sense:
(dance) An urban style of acrobatic street dance that originated in the hip hop culture of New York City in the late 20th century.


lexentry: eng/breaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: breaker
trans_list: bałwan | grzywacz
sense:
(chiefly, in the plural) A wave breaking into foam against the shore, or against a sandbank, or a rock or reef near the surface, considered a useful warning to ships of an underwater hazard


lexentry: eng/breakfast_cereal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breakfast cereal
trans_list: płatki śniadaniowe
sense:
A food made from processed grains, such as maize, oats, wheat or rice, usually eaten for breakfast with milk and sometimes sugar.


lexentry: eng/breakthrough__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: breakthrough
trans_list: przełom
sense:
(construction) The penetration of a separating wall or the remaining distance to an adjacent hollow (a crosscut in mining) or between two parts of a tunnel build from both ends; knockthrough.


lexentry: eng/breakwater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breakwater
trans_list: falochron
sense:
A construction in or around a harbour designed to break the force of the sea and to provide shelter for vessels lying inside.


lexentry: eng/breakwater__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: breakwater
trans_list: ostroga brzegowa
sense:
(on beaches) A wooden or concrete barrier, usually perpendicular to the shore, intended to prevent the movement of sand along a coast.


lexentry: eng/bream__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bream
trans_list: leszcz
sense:
A European fresh-water cyprinoid fish of the genus Abramis, little valued as food. Several species are known.


lexentry: eng/bream__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bream
trans_list: leszcz
sense:
An American fresh-water fish, of various species of Lepomis and allied genera, which are also called sunfishes and pondfishes.


lexentry: eng/breast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breast
trans_list: pierś | biust | cycek
sense:
(anatomy) Either of the two organs on the front of a female human's chest, which contain the mammary glands; also the analogous organs in males.


lexentry: eng/breast__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: breast
trans_list: pierś
sense:
A choice cut of poultry, especially chicken or turkey, taken from the bird’s breast; also a cut of meat from other animals, breast of mutton, veal, pork.


lexentry: eng/breast_augmentation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breast augmentation
trans_list: implant piersi
sense:
(surgery) A cosmetic procedure to increase the size of a breast (the organ on the front of the chest).


lexentry: eng/breastbone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breastbone
trans_list: mostek
sense:
(anatomy) The central narrow bone in the front of the chest, connecting the collarbone and the top ribs.


lexentry: eng/breastplate__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: breastplate
trans_list: pektorał
sense:
(Judaism) An embroidered square of linen worn on the breast of the Jewish high priest, bearing twelve precious stones, each inscribed with the name of one of the tribes of Israel.


lexentry: eng/breaststroke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breaststroke
trans_list: styl klasyczny | żabka
sense:
A swimming stroke in which the swimmer lies face down, the arms being swept forward, outward and back under the water and the legs are kicked like a frog's


lexentry: eng/breathalyzer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breathalyzer
trans_list: alkomat | balonik
sense:
A device that measures alcohol in expired air so as to estimate the concentration of alcohol in a person's blood; used by traffic police in cases of suspected driving while under the influence of alcohol.


lexentry: eng/breathe__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breathe
trans_list: oddychać | odetchnąć | wdychać
sense:
(intransitive) To draw air into (inhale), and expel air from (exhale), the lungs in order to extract oxygen and excrete waste gases.


lexentry: eng/breccia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breccia
trans_list: szczerba
sense:
(petrology) A rock composed of angular fragments in a matrix that may be of a similar or a different material.


lexentry: eng/breech__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breech
trans_list: spodnie
sense:
(historical, now only, _, in the plural, or, attributive) A garment whose purpose is to cover or clothe the buttocks. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/breech_birth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: breech birth
trans_list: poród pośladkowy
sense:
A birth in which the baby comes through the birth canal posterior (buttocks), feet, or knees first, instead of the more usual position of headfirst.


lexentry: eng/breed__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: breed
trans_list: hodować
sense:
(transitive) To keep (animals) and have (them) reproduce in a way that improves the next generation's qualities.


lexentry: eng/breed__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: breed
trans_list: rodzić
sense:
(obsolete, intransitive) To be formed in the parent or dam; to be generated or to grow, like young before birth.


lexentry: eng/breeding-ground__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: breeding-ground
trans_list: podatny grunt
sense:
(figuratively) A place or institution seen as creating large numbers of a stated thing, type of person, etc.


lexentry: eng/bribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bribe
trans_list: przekupić | dawać łapówkę
sense:
(transitive) To give a bribe to; specifically, to ask a person to do something against their original will, in exchange for some type of reward or relief from potential trouble.


lexentry: eng/bribery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bribery
trans_list: łapownictwo | łapówkarstwo
sense:
The act of giving an illegal payment (a bribe) to a person in an official position as a means of influencing their decisions.


lexentry: eng/brick_and_mortar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brick and mortar
trans_list: fizyczny | tradycyjny
sense:
(business) Buildings and property for the conduct of business, particularly in the sale of retail goods to the general public. (Used to contrast an Internet-based sales operation that lacks customer-oriented store fronts and a "traditional" one for which most capital investment might be in the building infrastructure.) [from mid-1990s]


lexentry: eng/bridal_couple__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bridal couple
trans_list: państwo młodzi | młoda para
sense:
The bride and bridegroom on their wedding day, and possibly for a short time thereafter, for example during their honeymoon.


lexentry: eng/bridal_shower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bridal shower
trans_list: wieczór kawalerski
sense:
(US) A party held for a bride-to-be in anticipation of her wedding, involving guests (typically female friends and relatives) giving her gifts.


lexentry: eng/bride_price__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bride price
trans_list: wiano
sense:
In some cultures, a sum of money or other valuables paid by a bridegroom or on his behalf to the family of the bride.


lexentry: eng/bridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bridge
trans_list: most
sense:
(music, lutherie) The piece, on string instruments, that supports the strings from the sounding board.


lexentry: eng/bridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bridge
trans_list: mostek kapitański | most
sense:
(nautical) An elevated platform above the upper deck of a mechanically propelled ship from which it is navigated and from which all activities on deck can be seen and controlled by the captain, etc; smaller ships have a wheelhouse, and sailing ships were controlled from a quarterdeck.


lexentry: eng/bridge_loan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bridge loan
trans_list: ubezpieczenie pomostowe
sense:
(business, finance) A sum of money loaned or borrowed for a short period of time in order to cover expenses until new expected funds become available.


lexentry: eng/bridgehead__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bridgehead
trans_list: przyczółek
sense:
(military) An area of ground on the enemy's side of a river or other obstacle, especially one that needs to be taken and defended in order to secure an advance.


lexentry: eng/briefing__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: briefing
trans_list: briefing
sense:
A meeting to share a concise summary of a current situation, especially in close preparation for an operation or undertaking.


lexentry: eng/brigade__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brigade
trans_list: brygada
sense:
(military) Military unit composed of several regiments (or battalions) and including soldiers from different arms of service.


lexentry: eng/brigandine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brigandine
trans_list: brygantyna
sense:
(historical) A coat of armor for the body, consisting of scales or plates, sometimes overlapping each other, generally of metal, sewn or riveted under or onto canvas or linen or other material.


lexentry: eng/brigantine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brigantine
trans_list: brygantyna
sense:
(nautical) a two-masted vessel, square-rigged on the foremast, but fore-and-aft-rigged mainsail with a square-rig above it on the mainmast.


lexentry: eng/brine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brine
trans_list: solanka
sense:
Salt water; water saturated or strongly impregnated with salt; a salt-and-water solution for pickling.


lexentry: eng/bring_a_knife_to_a_gunfight__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bring a knife to a gunfight
trans_list: przychodzić nieprzygotowany | przyjść nieprzygotowany
sense:
(idiomatic) To enter into a confrontation or other challenging situation without being adequately equipped or prepared.


lexentry: eng/bring_home_the_bacon__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bring home the bacon
trans_list: przynosić mamuta do domu
sense:
(idiomatic) To have employment which provides remuneration to satisfy the basic needs of oneself and one's family.


lexentry: eng/bring_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bring in
trans_list: wnieść | wnosić | wprowadzać | wprowadzić | wwieźć | wwozić
sense:
To introduce, add or initiate a person or group of people to an organisation; to give (someone) a share or portion of something.


lexentry: eng/bring_it__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bring it
trans_list: postarać się | przykładać się | przyłożyć się | starać się
sense:
(intransitive, informal) To give one's all in a particular effort; to perform admirably or forcefully.


lexentry: eng/bring_on__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bring on
trans_list: przynieść | przynosić
sense:
(idiomatic, transitive, usually "bring it on") To make something appear, as on a stage or a place of competition.


lexentry: eng/bring_on__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bring on
trans_list: dawać | dać | wywołać | wywoływać
sense:
(idiomatic, intransitive, US, informal, often, as imperative) To pose a challenge or threat; to attack; to compete aggressively.


lexentry: eng/bring_to_justice__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bring to justice
trans_list: postawić przed sądem | stawiać przed sądem
sense:
(idiomatic) To cause a person alleged to have committed criminal acts to be brought to trial on the offenses.


lexentry: eng/brinkmanship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brinkmanship
trans_list: taktyka balansowania na krawędzi
sense:
(chiefly, politics) The pursuit of an advantage by appearing to be willing to take a matter to the brink (for example, by risking a dangerous policy) rather than to concede a point. [from mid 1950s]


lexentry: eng/bristle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bristle
trans_list: włosie
sense:
The hairs or other filaments that make up a brush, broom, or similar item, typically made from plant cellulose, animal hairs, or synthetic polymers.


lexentry: eng/bristle__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bristle
trans_list: najeżyć
sense:
(transitive, now, _, rare, _, or, _) To make (something) rise or stand erect, like bristles. [from 16th-early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/bristletail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bristletail
trans_list: rybik cukrowy
sense:
Any of various small, active six-legged arthropods that have two or three bristles at the ends of their abdomens and that do not have wings. These were formerly classified together in the insect subclass Apterygota or the order Thysanura but are no longer considered closely related:


lexentry: eng/brittle_star__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brittle star
trans_list: wężowidło
sense:
Any of various echinoderms, of the class Ophiuroidea, that resemble starfish and have long, slender arms that regenerate when snapped off.


lexentry: eng/broach__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broach
trans_list: otworzyć
sense:
(transitive) To make a hole in, especially a cask of liquor, and put in a tap in order to draw the liquid.


lexentry: eng/broadband__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broadband
trans_list: szerokopasmowy dostęp do Internetu
sense:
(Internet) An Internet connection provisioned over an existing service using alternate signal frequencies such as ADSL or a cable modem.


lexentry: eng/broadcast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadcast
trans_list: emisja | nadawanie
sense:
A transmission of a radio or television programme intended to be received by anyone with a receiver.


lexentry: eng/broadcaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broadcaster
trans_list: nadawca | nadawczyni
sense:
A person whose job it is to effect such broadcasts; specifically, one who presents radio or television programmes (especially documentaries or news programmes); a presenter.


lexentry: eng/broadcloth__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broadcloth
trans_list: sukno
sense:
(historical) A fine smooth-faced woolen cloth for men’s garments, usually of double width (i.e., a yard and a half); so called in distinction from woolens three quarters of a yard wide.


lexentry: eng/broadleaf__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadleaf
trans_list: liść
sense:
Pertaining to trees with relatively broad, flat leaves as opposed to needles, or woodlands made up of such trees.


lexentry: eng/broadside__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broadside
trans_list: salwa burtowa
sense:
(nautical) One side of a ship above the water line; all the guns on one side of a warship; their simultaneous firing.


lexentry: eng/brocade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brocade
trans_list: brokat
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A thick heavy fabric into which raised patterns have been woven, originally in gold and silver; more recently any cloth incorporating raised, woven patterns.


lexentry: eng/broccoli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broccoli
trans_list: brokuł
sense:
A plant, Brassica oleracea var. italica, of the cabbage family, Brassicaceae; especially, the tree-shaped flower and stalk that are eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/broiler__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broiler
trans_list: grill | opiekacz
sense:
(cookware, North America) A device used to broil food; part of an oven or a small stove; known as a grill in British English.


lexentry: eng/brokenhearted__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brokenhearted
trans_list: zrozpaczony
sense:
(idiomatic) Grieved and disappointed, especially by the loss of a beloved person or thing, such as the end of a romantic relationship.


lexentry: eng/brolga__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brolga
trans_list: Żuraw australijski
sense:
A large grey crane (Antigone rubicunda, syn. Grus rubicunda), of northern and eastern Australia. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/bromine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bromine
trans_list: brom
sense:
(uncountable) A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Br) with an atomic number of 35; one of the halogens, it is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature.


lexentry: eng/bromoacetone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bromoacetone
trans_list: bromoaceton
sense:
(organic chemistry) The brominated derivative of acetone CH3-CO-CH2Br, once used as a lachrymatory agent


lexentry: eng/bromoform__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bromoform
trans_list: bromoform
sense:
(organic compound) The haloform CHBr3, a very heavy liquid that is the bromine analogue of chloroform.


lexentry: eng/bronchitis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bronchitis
trans_list: zapalenie oskrzeli | bronchit
sense:
(uncountable) An inflammation of the bronchi of the lungs, that causes the cilia of the bronchial epithelial cells to stop functioning.


lexentry: eng/bronze__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bronze
trans_list: brąz | brązy
sense:
(uncountable) A naturally occurring or man-made alloy of copper, usually in combination with tin, but also with one or more other metals.


lexentry: eng/bronzewing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bronzewing
trans_list: błyskolotka
sense:
Any of several species of bird in the genera Henicophaps and Phaps in the pigeon family, found in Australasia.


lexentry: eng/brooch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brooch
trans_list: brosza | broszka
sense:
A piece of ornamental jewellery having a pin allowing it to be fixed to garments worn on the upper body.


lexentry: eng/brood__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brood
trans_list: dumać
sense:
(intransitive) (typically with over, on or about) To dwell upon moodily and at length, mainly alone.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broom
trans_list: miotła | szczotka
sense:
(countable) A domestic utensil with fibers bound together at the end of a long handle, used for sweeping.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: broom
trans_list: szczotka
sense:
(countable, curling) An implement with which players sweep the ice to make a stone travel further and curl less; a sweeper.


lexentry: eng/broom__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: broom
trans_list: miotła | janowiec | szczotka
sense:
Any of several yellow-flowered shrubs of the family Fabaceae, with long, stiff, thin branches and small or few leaves used for the domestic utensil.


lexentry: eng/broscine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: broscine
trans_list: żuchwień
sense:
(entomology, taxonomic name) Any ground beetle of the subfamily Broscinae, known for digging through sand.


lexentry: eng/brother-german__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brother-german
trans_list: rodzony brat
sense:
(archaic) A full brother: a brother born to the same mother and father, as distinguished from half brothers (uterine brothers), step-brothers, or 'brothers' established through relationships such as wardship.


lexentry: eng/brow_ridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brow ridge
trans_list: łuk brwiowy
sense:
a bony projection in humans and other primates located above eye sockets delimiting the bottom of the forehead


lexentry: eng/brown_bread__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown bread
trans_list: ciemne pieczywo
sense:
Bread with a brown colour as distinct from white bread, wholemeal, granary or other specific types of bread.


lexentry: eng/brown_dwarf__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown dwarf
trans_list: brązowy karzeł
sense:
(star) A starlike object that contracts to about the volume of Jupiter after its formation phase; its mass may range from several times that of Jupiter, such that it fuses deuterium, up to just below the threshold of sustained hydrogen fusion.


lexentry: eng/brown_hyena__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown hyena
trans_list: hiena brunatna
sense:
A comparatively rare species of hyena, Parahyaena brunnea, endemic to desert and semi-desert areas and open woodland savannahs of southern Africa.


lexentry: eng/brown_rice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown rice
trans_list: brązowy ryż
sense:
Rice with the brownish hull not polished off as in white rice. The hull contains important vitamins, including vitamin B complex, which are missing in white rice.


lexentry: eng/brown_rot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown rot
trans_list: brunatna zgnilizna drzew pestkowych | monilioza
sense:
(plant disease) A fungal disease of stone fruit such as peaches and nectarines, caused by the fungus Monilinia fructicola


lexentry: eng/brown_shrike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown shrike
trans_list: dzierzba brązowa
sense:
Lanius cristatus, a bird in the shrike family (Lanius) that is found mainly in Asia. It is closely related to the red-backed shrike (L. collurio) and isabelline shrike (L. isabellinus).


lexentry: eng/brown_trout__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brown trout
trans_list: troć jeziorna | troć jeziorowa
sense:
A nonmigratory freshwater trout of species Salmo trutta, with dark spotted skin, native to Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/brownie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brownie
trans_list: brownie
sense:
(usually, countable, baking, originally, US) A small square piece of rich cake, usually made with chocolate. [from 1897]


lexentry: eng/browse__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: browse
trans_list: przeglądać
sense:
To scan, to casually look through in order to find items of interest, especially without knowledge of what to look for beforehand.


lexentry: eng/browse__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: browse
trans_list: przeglądać
sense:
(transitive, computing) To navigate through hyperlinked documents on a computer, usually with a browser.


lexentry: eng/brucellosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brucellosis
trans_list: bruceloza
sense:
(disease) Infection by a bacterium of the genus Brucella, which is carried by ruminants and other mammals, with symptoms including recurring fevers, sweating, weakness, anorexia, headaches, depression, and generalized aches and pains.


lexentry: eng/bruise__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruise
trans_list: siniak | siniec | stłuczenie
sense:
A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.


lexentry: eng/bruise__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruise
trans_list: posiniaczyć | siniaczyć
sense:
(transitive) To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in such a way as to discolour the skin without breaking it; to contuse.


lexentry: eng/bruiser__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruiser
trans_list: buchaj
sense:
(sports) In contact sports, an athlete whose size, strength, and/or aggressiveness make it likely that they will cause athletes on the opposing team to suffer physical punishment.


lexentry: eng/bruiser__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bruiser
trans_list: goryl
sense:
(by extension, colloquial, derogatory) A tall, strong, heavily built person, usually a man, especially one prone to physical violence; a strong and tough person.


lexentry: eng/brunch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brunch
trans_list: brunch
sense:
A meal eaten later in the day than breakfast and earlier than lunch, and often consisting of typical foods from both of those meals.


lexentry: eng/brush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brush
trans_list: szczotka | pędzel
sense:
An implement consisting of multiple more or less flexible bristles or other filaments attached to a handle, used for any of various purposes including cleaning, painting, and arranging hair.


lexentry: eng/brush__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: brush
trans_list: szczotka
sense:
A piece of conductive material, usually carbon, serving to maintain electrical contact between the stationary and rotating parts of a machine.


lexentry: eng/brush_one's_teeth__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brush one's teeth
trans_list: myć zęby | umyć zęby
sense:
To clean one's teeth, especially by using a toothbrush and toothpaste. (This entry is a translation hub.)


lexentry: eng/brushtail_possum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brushtail possum
trans_list: kitanka
sense:
Any nocturnal, arboreal, Australian possum of the genus Trichosurus, having a furred tail with a naked tip.


lexentry: eng/brute__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brute
trans_list: brutal
sense:
A person with the characteristics of an unthinking animal; a coarse or brutal person, particularly one who is dim-witted. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/brute_force__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: brute force
trans_list: brutalna siła
sense:
A method of accomplishing something primarily by means of strength, without the use of great skill, mechanical aids or thought.


lexentry: eng/brute_force__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: brute force
trans_list: atak brute force | atak siłowy
sense:
(computer science) A method of computation wherein the computer is let to try all permutations of a problem until one is found that provides a solution, in contrast to the implementation of a more intelligent algorithm.


lexentry: eng/bruxism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bruxism
trans_list: bruksizm
sense:
(dentistry) The habit or practice of grinding the teeth, as while sleeping, or due to stress or certain drugs.


lexentry: eng/bryophyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bryophyte
trans_list: mszak
sense:
(botany) Any plant of the division Bryophyta, defined sensu lato to comprise the mosses, liverworts and hornworts and corresponding to all embryophytes that are not vascular plants.


lexentry: eng/bubble__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: bubble
trans_list: bańka
sense:
(economics) A period of intense speculation in a market, causing prices to rise quickly to irrational levels as the metaphorical bubble expands, and then fall even more quickly as the bubble bursts.


lexentry: eng/bubble_bath__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubble bath
trans_list: płyn do kąpieli
sense:
A bath in which an additive, usually soap, is poured directly into the water that creates bubbles; a foam bath.


lexentry: eng/bubble_tea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubble tea
trans_list: bubble tea
sense:
Sweetened tea with milk and tapioca pearls, often including fruit juice, syrup and other ingredients.


lexentry: eng/bubble_wrap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubble wrap
trans_list: folia bąbelkowa | folia pęcherzykowa
sense:
Cushioning material consisting of small spheres of air trapped in plastic, sold on long rolls for tearing off, and used as packaging for fragile items.


lexentry: eng/bubblegum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubblegum
trans_list: balonówka | guma balonowa
sense:
(usually, _, uncountable) A sweet chewing gum formulated to be stretchy so the chewer can blow bubbles with it.


lexentry: eng/bubo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubo
trans_list: dymienica
sense:
(pathology) An inflamed swelling of a lymph node, especially in the armpit or groin, due to an infection such as bubonic plague, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, or syphilis.


lexentry: eng/bubonic_plague__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bubonic plague
trans_list: dżuma dymienicza
sense:
(disease) A contagious, often fatal, epidemic disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, transmitted by the bite of fleas from an infected person or rodent, especially a rat, and characterized by delirium, chills, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and the formation of buboes.


lexentry: eng/buccal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buccal
trans_list: doustny | policzkowy
sense:
(pharmacology) Administered in the mouth, not by swallowing but by absorption through the skin of the cheek; often by placing between the top gum and the inside of the lip.


lexentry: eng/buccaneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buccaneer
trans_list: bukanier | kaper | korsarz
sense:
(nautical) Any of a group of seamen who cruised on their own account on the Spanish Main and in the Pacific in the 17th century, who were similar to pirates but did not prey on ships of their own nation.


lexentry: eng/buck-passing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buck-passing
trans_list: zwalanie odpowiedzialności na innych
sense:
(idiomatic) Blameshifting; the act of absolving oneself of responsibility or concern for a given matter by claiming to lack authority or jurisdiction.


lexentry: eng/buckbean__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckbean
trans_list: bobrek trójlistkowy | trójliść
sense:
A plant of species Menyanthes trifoliata, with racemes of white or reddish flowers and intensely bitter leaves, sometimes used in medicine.


lexentry: eng/bucket_list__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bucket list
trans_list: lista rzeczy do zrobienia przed śmiercią
sense:
(by extension) A list of things to accomplish before a certain deadline or in a certain time period.


lexentry: eng/bucket_of_bolts__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bucket of bolts
trans_list: szmelc
sense:
(idiomatic, slang) A piece of machinery that is not worth more than its scrap value, often an old car.


lexentry: eng/buckle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckle
trans_list: sprzączka | klamra
sense:
A metal clasp with a hinged tongue or a spike through which a belt or strap is passed and penetrated by the tongue or spike, in order to fasten the ends of the belt together or to secure the strap to something else.


lexentry: eng/buckle_down__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckle down
trans_list: przykładać się | przysiąść sadła | przyłożyć się
sense:
(intransitive, originally, US, idiomatic) To apply oneself to study, or a task or work; to focus on or take a serious attitude towards something; to put forth the needed effort.


lexentry: eng/buckler__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buckler
trans_list: puklerz
sense:
(obsolete) A shield resembling the Roman scutum. In modern usage, a smaller variety of shield is usually implied by this term.


lexentry: eng/buckram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckram
trans_list: kula
sense:
A coarse cloth of cotton, linen or hemp, stiffened with size or glue, used in bookbinding to cover and protect the books, in garments to keep them in the form intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise.


lexentry: eng/buckshot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buckshot
trans_list: śrut gruby
sense:
(chiefly, US) Lead shot used in shotgun cartridges, made of larger pellets than birdshot and suitable for hunting larger game. [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/budgerigar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: budgerigar
trans_list: papużka falista
sense:
A species of small green parakeet, Melopsittacus undulatus, native to inland Australia; a common cagebird throughout the world and bred in many colour varieties.


lexentry: eng/budyonovka__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: budyonovka
trans_list: budionowka
sense:
(history) a distinctive type of hat and an essential part of the Red Army uniform during the Russian Civil War and later


lexentry: eng/buff-breasted_sandpiper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buff-breasted sandpiper
trans_list: biegus płowy
sense:
Any of species Calidris subruficollis of sandpipers, that breed in the North American tundra and migrate as far as Argentina.


lexentry: eng/buff_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buff out
trans_list: polerować | wypolerować
sense:
To remove paint or light scratches from the surface by friction, wearing it out by polishing or blasting with sand or by employing some similar method.


lexentry: eng/buff_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: buff out
trans_list: polerować | wypolerować
sense:
(idiomatic) To bring something to proper shape by removing or masking minor defects, by straightening out the residual shortcomings.


lexentry: eng/buffalo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buffalo
trans_list: bawół | bawolica
sense:
An animal from the subtribe Bubalina, also known as true buffalos, such as the Cape buffalo, Syncerus caffer, or the water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis.


lexentry: eng/buffer__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buffer
trans_list: bufor
sense:
(chemistry) A solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid, such as by resisting a change in pH when an acid or alkali is added.


lexentry: eng/buffer__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buffer
trans_list: bufor
sense:
(telecommunications) A routine or storage medium used to compensate for a difference in rate of flow of data, or time of occurrence of events, when transferring data from one device to another.


lexentry: eng/buffer_stop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buffer stop
trans_list: kozioł oporowy
sense:
(rail, UK) a device installed at the end of a railway line or siding, which is intended to stop trains and other rail vehicles going any further.


lexentry: eng/bug__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: bug
trans_list: logo
sense:
(television) A small, usually transparent or translucent image placed in a corner of a television program to identify the broadcasting network or cable channel.


lexentry: eng/bug__Noun__1
sense_num: 26
written_rep: bug
trans_list: robak | owad | insekt | robal
sense:
(gambling, slang) A metal clip attached to the underside of a table, etc. to hold hidden cards, as a form of cheating.


lexentry: eng/bugbear__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: bugbear
trans_list: duch
sense:
(folklore, fantasy) A generic creature, often described as a large goblin, meant to inspire fear in children.


lexentry: eng/bughouse_chess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bughouse chess
trans_list: kloc
sense:
A variant of chess played on two chessboards by four players in teams of two. Each player plays the other colour of pieces than their teammate, to whom they pass the pieces they capture from their opponent. The teammate can then choose to put one of these pieces on their board as an alternative way of making a move.


lexentry: eng/bugle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bugle
trans_list: róg
sense:
(brass instrument) A simple brass instrument consisting of a horn with no valves, playing only pitches in its harmonic series


lexentry: eng/bugle__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bugle
trans_list: dąbrówka
sense:
A plant in the family Lamiaceae grown as a ground cover Ajuga reptans, and other plants in the genus Ajuga.


lexentry: eng/build__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: build
trans_list: budowa ciała
sense:
(countable, uncountable) The physique of a human or animal body, or other object; constitution or structure.


lexentry: eng/build__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: build
trans_list: kompilacja
sense:
(computing, countable) Any of various versions of a software product as it is being developed for release to users.


lexentry: eng/build__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: build
trans_list: kompilować
sense:
(intransitive, computing, of source code) To be converted into software by compilation, usually with minimal human intervention.


lexentry: eng/build_bridges__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: build bridges
trans_list: budować mosty
sense:
(intransitive, idiomatic) Often followed by between or to: to establish friendly relations or links.


lexentry: eng/build_castles_in_the_air__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: build castles in the air
trans_list: budować zamki na lodzie
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To have any desire, idea, or plan that is unlikely to be realized; to imagine visionary projects or schemes; to have an idle fancy or a pipe dream; to daydream.


lexentry: eng/building_site__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: building site
trans_list: budowa | plac budowy
sense:
(construction) The site, the place where a building is located, is currently under construction, or shall be constructed (including structures other than buildings).


lexentry: eng/bulb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulb
trans_list: cebulka | cebula
sense:
The bulb-shaped underground portion of a plant such as a tulip, consisting of a shortened stem and many fleshy scale leaves, from which the rest of the plant may be regrown.


lexentry: eng/bulbul__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bulbul
trans_list: bilbil
sense:
Any of the bulbul species of the Middle East, popular in poetry; sometimes known as the ‘nightingale of the East’.


lexentry: eng/bulge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulge
trans_list: wypukłość
sense:
An object which is sticking out from a surface; a swelling, protuberant part; a bending outward, especially when caused by pressure.


lexentry: eng/bulimia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulimia
trans_list: bulimia nervosa | żarłoczność psychiczna
sense:
(pathology) A chronic eating disorder characterized by a binge-and-purge cycle: extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting.


lexentry: eng/bulkhead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulkhead
trans_list: gródź
sense:
(nautical) A vertical partition dividing the hull into separate compartments; often made watertight to prevent excessive flooding if the ship's hull is breached.


lexentry: eng/bull_market__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bull market
trans_list: hossa
sense:
(finance) A stock market where a majority of investors are buying ("bulls"), causing overall stock prices to rise.


lexentry: eng/bulldog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulldog
trans_list: buldog
sense:
A breed of dog developed in England by the crossing of the bullbaiting dog and the Pug to produce a ladies' companion dog, having a very smooth coat, a flattened face, wrinkly cheeks, powerful front legs, and smaller hind legs.


lexentry: eng/bulldozer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bulldozer
trans_list: buldożer | spychacz | spycharka
sense:
A tractor with caterpillar tracks and an attached blade for pushing earth and building debris for coarse preliminary surface grading, demolishing building structures, etc.


lexentry: eng/bullet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bullet
trans_list: kula | pocisk
sense:
(informal) An entire round of unfired ammunition for a firearm, including the projectile, the cartridge casing, the propellant charge, etc.


lexentry: eng/bullet__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bullet
trans_list: punktor
sense:
(typography) A printed symbol in the form of a solid circle, “•”, often used to mark items in a list.


lexentry: eng/bullion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullion
trans_list: sztaba
sense:
A bulk quantity of precious metal, usually gold or silver, assessed by weight and typically cast as ingots.


lexentry: eng/bullionism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullionism
trans_list: bulionizm
sense:
(economics, historical) An economic theory that defines wealth by the amount of precious metals owned; a primitive form of mercantilism.


lexentry: eng/bullroarer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullroarer
trans_list: czurynga
sense:
A ritual musical instrument and means of communicating over extended distances, consisting of a slat of wood tied to the end of a thong or string, with which the slat is whirled so as to cause an intermittent roaring noise.


lexentry: eng/bullshit__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bullshit
trans_list: bzdura | gówno prawda | pieprzenie | pierdolenie | pierdoły | pierdzielenie o Chopinie
sense:
(vulgar, slang, usual sense) Statements that are false or exaggerated to impress or cheat the listener.


lexentry: eng/bullshitter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bullshitter
trans_list: kłamca
sense:
(vulgar) Someone who lies or exaggerates a lot, especially in order to preserve or enhance their reputation.


lexentry: eng/bully__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bully
trans_list: łobuz
sense:
A person who is intentionally physically or emotionally cruel to others, especially to those whom they perceive as being vulnerable or of less power or privilege. [from late 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/bulrush__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bulrush
trans_list: sitowie
sense:
(AU) Any of various reed-like plants growing near water, especially Typha domingensis and Typha orientalis; cumbungi, wonga. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/bum_wine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bum wine
trans_list: alpaga | bełt | jabol | mamrot | siara | żur
sense:
(colloquial, pejorative) A cheap wine of very low quality, sold solely for the purposes of intoxication.


lexentry: eng/bumfuck_nowhere__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bumfuck nowhere
trans_list: zadupie | pierdziszewo | wypiździejewo
sense:
(vulgar) The middle of nowhere; a nondescript, isolated, and underdeveloped locale whose precise location may be difficult to ascertain.


lexentry: eng/bump__Noun__1
sense_num: 19
written_rep: bump
trans_list: bum | łup
sense:
(card games) In the game of khanhoo, the act of claiming a newly discarded card when it is not one's turn, permitted when one can use the card to form a meld other than a sequence.


lexentry: eng/bumper__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bumper
trans_list: zderzak
sense:
(automotive) Parts at the front and back of a vehicle which are meant to absorb the impact of a collision; fender.


lexentry: eng/bunch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunch
trans_list: kiść | grono | bukiet | pęk
sense:
A group of similar things, either growing together, or in a cluster or clump, usually fastened together.


lexentry: eng/bungalow__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bungalow
trans_list: bungalow
sense:
A thatched or tiled one-story house in India surrounded by a wide veranda; a similar house in this style.


lexentry: eng/bungle__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bungle
trans_list: amatorstwo | amatorszczyzna
sense:
(transitive) To incompetently perform (a task); to ruin (something) through incompetent action; to botch up, to bumble.


lexentry: eng/bunion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunion
trans_list: haluks | paluch koślawy | halluks
sense:
(pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin.


lexentry: eng/bunk_bed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunk bed
trans_list: łóżko piętrowe
sense:
Two or more beds fixed on top of one another, so that one person can sleep in each bunk at a different height.


lexentry: eng/bunker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunker
trans_list: schron | bunkier
sense:
(military) A hardened shelter, often partly buried or fully underground, designed to protect the inhabitants from falling bombs or other attacks.


lexentry: eng/bunny_girl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bunny girl
trans_list: króliczek
sense:
(slang) A club hostess or other female entertainer wearing a sexually provocative outfit with rabbit-like ears and tail.


lexentry: eng/buoy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buoy
trans_list: boja | pława
sense:
(nautical) A float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, indicate a navigational channel or for other purposes


lexentry: eng/bur-reed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bur-reed
trans_list: jeżogłówka
sense:
A group (genus Sparganium) of widespread flowering perennial marsh plants widespread in wet areas in temperate regions.


lexentry: eng/burbot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burbot
trans_list: miętus
sense:
A freshwater fish, taxonomic name Lota lota, which is similar to the ling and the cusk and spawns in the winter.


lexentry: eng/burden_of_proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burden of proof
trans_list: ciężar dowodu
sense:
(legal) The duty of a party in a legal proceeding to prove an assertion of fact; it includes both the burden of production and the burden of persuasion; the onus probandi.


lexentry: eng/burden_of_proof__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: burden of proof
trans_list: ciężar dowodu
sense:
(epistemology) The obligation of the person making a claim in a dispute to provide sufficient evidence for their position.


lexentry: eng/bureau__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: bureau
trans_list: biurko | biurka
sense:
(chiefly, British) A desk, usually with a cover and compartments that are located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath, and often used for storing papers.


lexentry: eng/bureaucracy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bureaucracy
trans_list: biurokracja | biuralizm
sense:
(business, organizational theory) A system of administration based upon organisation into bureaus, division of labour, a hierarchy of authority, etc., designed to dispose of a large body of work in a routine manner.


lexentry: eng/bureaucratese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bureaucratese
trans_list: chińszczyzna
sense:
(informal, pejorative) A style of language, used by bureaucrats, that involves jargon or euphemism to the detriment of broader understanding.


lexentry: eng/burette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burette
trans_list: biureta
sense:
(chemistry) A glass tube with fine gradations and a stopcock at the bottom, used in laboratory procedures for accurate fluid dispensing and titration.


lexentry: eng/burgee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgee
trans_list: proporczyk
sense:
A flag, usually a broad tapering pennant, often with a swallowtail, flown by yachts to identify the owner's yacht club.


lexentry: eng/burglary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burglary
trans_list: kradzież z włamaniem
sense:
(law) Under the common law, breaking and entering of the dwelling of another at night with the intent to commit a felony.


lexentry: eng/burglary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burglary
trans_list: kradzież z włamaniem
sense:
The crime of unlawfully breaking into a vehicle, house, store, or other enclosure with the intent to steal.


lexentry: eng/burgomaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgomaster
trans_list: burmistrz
sense:
The mayor, or head magistrate, of a town in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and certain other countries.


lexentry: eng/burgrave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burgrave
trans_list: burgrabia
sense:
(historical) The military governor of a town or castle in the Middle Ages, especially in German-speaking Europe; a nobleman of the same status.


lexentry: eng/burlesque__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: burlesque
trans_list: burleska
sense:
A variety adult entertainment show, usually including titillation such as striptease, most common from the 1880s to the 1930s.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: burn
trans_list: pojazd | wjazd
sense:
(transitive) To consume, damage, or change the condition of, as if by action of fire or heat; to affect as fire or heat does.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: burn
trans_list: palić | płonąć | oparzyć | spalić się | spalić | przypalić się
sense:
(chemistry, transitive) To cause to combine with oxygen or other active agent, with evolution of heat; to consume; to oxidize.


lexentry: eng/burn__Verb__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: burn
trans_list: wypalać | nagrywać | wypalić
sense:
(transitive, computing) To write data to a permanent storage medium like a compact disc or a ROM chip.


lexentry: eng/burn_one's_bridges__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn one's bridges
trans_list: palić za sobą mosty
sense:
(idiomatic) To destroy one's path, connections, reputation, opportunities, etc., particularly intentionally.


lexentry: eng/burn_phone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn phone
trans_list: jednorazowy telefon | telefon na kartę
sense:
(informal) A cell phone purchased anonymously with cash, used for only a short time and then discarded, usually used as a means of conducting illegal business or harassment without being traceable to the purchaser.


lexentry: eng/burn_rubber__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn rubber
trans_list: palić gumę
sense:
(idiomatic, intransitive, automotive) To accelerate so rapidly from standstill that it leaves a mark of burnt rubber on the road from the tire.


lexentry: eng/burn_the_candle_at_both_ends__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burn the candle at both ends
trans_list: pracować od świtu do nocy
sense:
(idiomatic) To work hard night and day; to sleep late and wake up early; to overwork or overexert oneself.


lexentry: eng/burnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burnet
trans_list: krwiściąg
sense:
Any of the herbs of genus Sanguisorba (syn. Poterium), including salad burnet (Sanguisorba minor), an herb used in salads and herbal teas.


lexentry: eng/burning_bush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burning bush
trans_list: krzew gorejący
sense:
(Judaism, Christianity) A biblical object described in Exodus 3:1-22, used by Yahweh to communicate with Moses.


lexentry: eng/burnish__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burnish
trans_list: polerować | wypolerować
sense:
To make (something, such as a surface) bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; to polish, to shine.


lexentry: eng/buro__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: buro
trans_list: biurko
sense:
a desk, usually with a cover and compartments for storing papers etc. located above the level of the writing surface rather than underneath.


lexentry: eng/burqa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burqa
trans_list: burka
sense:
(strictly) An enveloping Central Asian garment which covers the whole body, incorporating a netted screen to cover the eyes, chiefly worn by women in fundamentalist denominations of Islam to observe sartorial hijab (the practice of wearing concealing clothing in front of adult men after the age of puberty).


lexentry: eng/burqini__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burqini
trans_list: burkini
sense:
A head-to-toe swimsuit, enabling women to conform to the Islamic dress code when bathing on a public beach.


lexentry: eng/burr__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: burr
trans_list: zadzior
sense:
(engineering) A revolving disk or cone with abrasive surfaces used to grind hard products in a grinder or mill.


lexentry: eng/burrito__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burrito
trans_list: burito | burrito
sense:
A Mexican dish consisting of a flour tortilla wrapped around a filling of meat and/or beans, cheese etc.


lexentry: eng/bursa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bursa
trans_list: kaletka | kaletka maziowa
sense:
(anatomy) Any of the many small fluid-filled sacs located at the point where a muscle or tendon slides across bone. These sacs serve to reduce friction between the two moving surfaces.


lexentry: eng/burst_someone's_bubble__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: burst someone's bubble
trans_list: ostudzić zapał | studzić zapał
sense:
(idiomatic) To disillusion; to disabuse someone of a false notion or rationalization that has grown comfortable.


lexentry: eng/bus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bus
trans_list: magistrala | szyna
sense:
An electrical conductor or interface serving as a common connection for two or more circuits or components.


lexentry: eng/bus_shelter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bus shelter
trans_list: wiata przystankowa
sense:
A building or other structure constructed at a bus stop, to provide seating and protection from the weather for the convenience of waiting passengers.


lexentry: eng/busbar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: busbar
trans_list: szyna prądowa | szynoprzewód
sense:
An electrical conductor that carries a large current, especially one that is part of a power distribution system; typically a thick strip, or a tube, of copper or aluminium.


lexentry: eng/bush__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bush
trans_list: krzew | krzak
sense:
(horticulture) A woody plant distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, being usually less than six metres tall; a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category.


lexentry: eng/bush_hammer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bush hammer
trans_list: groszkownik
sense:
A square-headed hammer with spikes used in stoneworking to either even the surface before polishing, or give it a pockmarked and weathered aspect.


lexentry: eng/bushido__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bushido
trans_list: bushido
sense:
An ethical code of the samurai that was prevalent in feudal Japan that advocated unquestioning loyalty to the master at all costs and obedience in all deeds, valuing honor above life.


lexentry: eng/bushing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bushing
trans_list: etui
sense:
(mechanical engineering) A type of bearing, a cylindrical lining designed to reduce friction and wear inside a hole, often used as a casing for a shaft, pin or hinge.


lexentry: eng/business__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: business
trans_list: biznes
sense:
(travel, uncountable) Business class, the class of seating provided by airlines between first class and coach.


lexentry: eng/business_administration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business administration
trans_list: administracja biznesowa
sense:
(business, education) A course of study in higher education intended to prepare the students for a career in business.


lexentry: eng/business_before_pleasure__Proverb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business before pleasure
trans_list: służba nie drużba
sense:
Discharging one's obligations must take precedence over devoting time to pursuits meant solely for one's own gratification.


lexentry: eng/business_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business card
trans_list: wizytówka | karta wizytowa | bilet wizytowy
sense:
A small card with a person's name and professional information (such as occupation, business phone number, e-mail address, etc.).


lexentry: eng/business_class__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business class
trans_list: klasa biznes
sense:
A high-quality class of travelling (especially in airlines), higher than economy class or budget, lower than first class.


lexentry: eng/business_intelligence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business intelligence
trans_list: analityka biznesowa
sense:
A set of techniques and tools for the acquisition and transformation of raw data into meaningful and useful information for business analysis purposes.


lexentry: eng/business_model__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business model
trans_list: model biznesowy
sense:
The particular way in which a business ensures that it generates income, one that includes the choice of offerings, strategies, infrastructure, organizational structures, trading practices, and operational processes and policies.


lexentry: eng/business_park__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business park
trans_list: park biznesu
sense:
An area of land consisting solely of commercial buildings and enterprises, as opposed to industrial or residential concerns.


lexentry: eng/business_plan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: business plan
trans_list: biznesplan
sense:
(business) A summary of how a business owner, manager, or entrepreneur intends to organize an entrepreneurial endeavor and implement activities necessary and sufficient for the venture to succeed.


lexentry: eng/buskin__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buskin
trans_list: koturn
sense:
(historical) A type of soft calf- or knee-high boot that laces up the front, sometimes featuring open toes or thick soles, worn in the Greco-Roman world by hunters and horsemen, as well as by actors in Athenian tragedy.


lexentry: eng/bustard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bustard
trans_list: drop
sense:
Any of several large terrestrial birds of the family Otididae in the order Otidiformes that inhabit dry open country and steppes in the Old World.


lexentry: eng/buster__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buster
trans_list: hiszpański
sense:
(chiefly, colloquial, with 'of') Someone who or something that 'breaks', tames, or overpowers a specified person or thing.


lexentry: eng/buster__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: buster
trans_list: chłop
sense:
(colloquial, variously expressing familiarity, admiration, or hostility) A form of address, particularly of men: guy, dude, fella, mack, buddy, loser. (Originally as 'old buster.)


lexentry: eng/busy_work__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: busy work
trans_list: bezproduktywne zajęcie
sense:
(idiomatic, chiefly, US) Work or activity performed with the intention or result of occupying time, and not necessarily to accomplish something productive; routine work of low priority undertaken for the sake of avoiding idleness.


lexentry: eng/but__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: but
trans_list: ale | chociaż
sense:
However, although, nevertheless, on the other hand (introducing a clause contrary to prior belief or in contrast with the preceding clause or sentence).


lexentry: eng/but__Conjunction__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: but
trans_list: oprócz | z wyjątkiem
sense:
Except that (introducing a subordinate clause which qualifies a negative statement); also, (archaic) with omission of the subject of the subordinate clause, acting as a negative relative, "except one that", "except such that".


lexentry: eng/butane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butane
trans_list: butan
sense:
(organic compound) A hydrocarbon (either of the two isomers of C4H10, n-butane and 2-methylpropane) found in gaseous petroleum fractions.


lexentry: eng/butler__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: butler
trans_list: kamerdyner
sense:
The chief male servant of a household who has charge of other employees, receives guests, directs the serving of meals, and performs various personal services.


lexentry: eng/butt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butt
trans_list: kolba
sense:
(countable) The larger or thicker end of something; the blunt end, in distinction from the sharp or narrow end


lexentry: eng/butt_hinge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butt hinge
trans_list: zawias podłużny
sense:
(carpentry) A kind of hinge used in hanging doors, lid, covers, etc.; so named because fastened on the edge of the door, which butts against the frame, stop molding, and casing, instead of on its face, like the strap hinge; also called a butt.


lexentry: eng/butt_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butt in
trans_list: zakłócić
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) To join a conversation or situation in which one is not welcome or invited; to interject (connotes a rude or discourteous interruption).


lexentry: eng/butt_joint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butt joint
trans_list: złącze stykowe
sense:
(construction, woodworking) A joint formed by adjacent, separate section of material, such as where two neighboring pieces of insulation abut.


lexentry: eng/butter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: butter
trans_list: masło
sense:
Any of various foodstuffs made from other foods or oils, similar in consistency to, eaten like or intended as a substitute for butter (preceded by the name of the food used to make it).


lexentry: eng/butter_dish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter dish
trans_list: maselniczka
sense:
A specialized dish for serving butter, typically consisting of a base with a separate fitting lid with its own handle.


lexentry: eng/butter_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter knife
trans_list: nóż do masła
sense:
A non-serrated or unilaterally serrated table knife with a dull edge and rounded point, designed for spreading butter on a piece of bread without tearing it.


lexentry: eng/butter_one's_bread_on_both_sides__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butter one's bread on both sides
trans_list: piec dwie pieczenie na jednym ogniu | upiec dwie pieczenie na jednym ogniu
sense:
(idiomatic) To profit from two things at the same time, especially when those things seem contradictory or incompatible.


lexentry: eng/butterbur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterbur
trans_list: lepiężnik
sense:
Any of several Eurasian herbs, of the genus Petasites, having dense clusters of often purple flowers.


lexentry: eng/butterfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfish
trans_list: teista
sense:
A rock gunnel, Pholis gunnellus, an eel-like fish found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of the North Atlantic.


lexentry: eng/butterfly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfly
trans_list: motyl
sense:
A flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, distinguished from moths by their diurnal activity and generally brighter colouring. [from 11th c.]


lexentry: eng/butterfly_stroke__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butterfly stroke
trans_list: styl motylkowy | delfin | delfinek | motyl | motylek
sense:
A swimming stroke in which the body is prone, the arms are moved in simultaneous circles, and the feet are kicked up and down.


lexentry: eng/buttermilk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buttermilk
trans_list: maślanka
sense:
The liquid left over after producing butter from full cream milk by the churning process, also called traditional buttermilk.


lexentry: eng/buttermilk__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: buttermilk
trans_list: maślanka
sense:
Cultured buttermilk, a fermented dairy product produced from cow's milk, with a characteristically sour taste.


lexentry: eng/butthead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butthead
trans_list: idiota
sense:
(sometimes, _, vulgar, colloquial, pejorative) An annoying person or someone who is difficult to get along with.


lexentry: eng/buttock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buttock
trans_list: pośladek | półdupek
sense:
(usually, in the plural) Each of the two large fleshy halves of the posterior part of the body between the base of the back, the perineum, and the top of the legs.


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: button
trans_list: guzik
sense:
(clothing) A knob or disc that is passed through a loop or (buttonhole), serving as a fastener. [from mid-13th c.]


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: button
trans_list: guzik | przycisk
sense:
A mechanical device designed to be pressed with a finger in order to open or close an electric circuit or to activate a mechanism.


lexentry: eng/button__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: button
trans_list: przycisk | guzik
sense:
(graphical user interface) An on-screen control that can be selected as an activator of an attached function.


lexentry: eng/buttonquail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buttonquail
trans_list: przepiórnik
sense:
Any of several species of small terrestrial birds, principally in the genus Turnix of the family Turnicidae.


lexentry: eng/butyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butyl
trans_list: butyl
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of four isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C4H9, formally derived from butane by the loss of a hydrogen atom.


lexentry: eng/butyric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: butyric acid
trans_list: kwas masłowy
sense:
(fatty acid) Either of the two isomeric carboxylic acids, normal butyric acid and isobutyric acid, with the chemical formula C3H7COOH, occurring in animal milk fat.


lexentry: eng/butyric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: butyric acid
trans_list: kwas masłowy
sense:
(fatty acid) Solely the straight chain isomer of the above, normal butyric acid or n-butyric acid, CH3(CH2)2COOH, a short chain fatty acid; its glyceride is one of the principal components of the flavour of butter.


lexentry: eng/buy__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buy
trans_list: kupować | kupić | nabywać | nabyć
sense:
(transitive, archaic) To suffer consequences for (something) through being deprived of something; to pay for (something one has done).


lexentry: eng/buy_into__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buy into
trans_list: kupować
sense:
(idiomatic) To believe (something, especially something implausible); to accept (a craze, fad, or notion) as valid.


lexentry: eng/buyer's_remorse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buyer's remorse
trans_list: wyrzuty sumienia po zakupie
sense:
A feeling of anxiety or regret after making, or after promising to make, a purchase, especially a purchase encouraged by a high-pressure sales pitch.


lexentry: eng/buzz__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buzz
trans_list: bzykać | bzyczeć | bzyknąć | bąkać | bąknąć
sense:
(intransitive) To make a low, continuous, humming or sibilant sound, like that made by bees with their wings.


lexentry: eng/buzzard__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: buzzard
trans_list: piernik | zgred
sense:
(colloquial, derogatory, slang, often preceded by "old", the "old buzzard") In North America, a curmudgeonly or cantankerous man; an old person; a mean, greedy person.


lexentry: eng/buzzword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: buzzword
trans_list: buzzword
sense:
(sometimes, derogatory) A word drawn from, or imitative of, technical jargon, used more to impress others than to convey meaning.


lexentry: eng/by_a_long_shot__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by a long shot
trans_list: bynajmniej | o wiele
sense:
(idiomatic, dated, usually, with a negative) By a wide margin; indicates a very big difference or disparity.


lexentry: eng/by_right__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by right
trans_list: zgodnie z prawem
sense:
According to what is right, or what one is legally or morally entitled to; justly, properly, rightfully.


lexentry: eng/by_the_way__Prepositional_phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by the way
trans_list: nawiasem mówiąc | przy okazji | à propos | na marginesie | swoją drogą | tak w ogóle
sense:
(conjunctive, idiomatic) Incidentally; used in referencing a parenthetical statement not timely, central, or crucial to the topic at hand; foregone, passed by, something that has already happened.


lexentry: eng/by_virtue_of__Preposition__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: by virtue of
trans_list: z racji
sense:
(idiomatic) (originally) By the authority or power of; (now) because of; on the grounds of; by reason of.


lexentry: eng/by_way_of__Phrase__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: by way of
trans_list: drogą
sense:
(UK, often followed by being) Possessing the characteristics, nature, or standing of; in the state or condition of.


lexentry: eng/bycatch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bycatch
trans_list: przyłów
sense:
Any fish (or other creatures) that are not targeted as a catch but are unintentionally caught, and often discarded back into the sea.


lexentry: eng/bypass__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: bypass
trans_list: obwodnica
sense:
A replacement road for obsolete road that is no longer in use because devastating natural disasters (earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides).


lexentry: eng/bypass__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: bypass
trans_list: bajpas
sense:
(medicine) An alternative passage created to divert a bodily fluid around a damaged organ; the surgical procedure to construct such a bypass.


lexentry: eng/byssus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: byssus
trans_list: bisior
sense:
The long fine silky filaments excreted by several mollusks (particularly Pinna nobilis) by which they attach themselves to the sea bed, and from which sea silk is manufactured.


lexentry: eng/bystander__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bystander
trans_list: naoczny świadek
sense:
A person who, although present at some event, does not take part in it; an observer, witness, or spectator.


lexentry: eng/byte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: byte
trans_list: bajt
sense:
(computing) A short sequence of bits (binary digits) that can be operated on as a unit by a computer; the smallest usable machine word.


lexentry: eng/byte__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: byte
trans_list: bajt
sense:
(computing, most commonly) A unit of computing storage equal to eight bits, which can represent any of 256 distinct values.


lexentry: eng/bytecode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bytecode
trans_list: kod bajtowy
sense:
(computing) P-code (various forms of instruction sets designed for efficient execution by a software interpreter as well as being suitable for further compilation into machine code).


lexentry: eng/byword__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: byword
trans_list: ucieleśnienie
sense:
Someone or something that stands as an example (i.e. metonymically) for something else, by having some of that something's characteristic traits.


lexentry: eng/béarnaise_sauce__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: béarnaise sauce
trans_list: sos bearneński
sense:
(cooking) A sauce made of clarified butter emulsified in egg yolks and white wine vinegar and flavored with herbs.


lexentry: eng/bête_noire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: bête noire
trans_list: czarny lud
sense:
Someone or something that is unbearable and so particularly avoided or disliked; the bane of someone's existence; an object of aversion; an anathema.


lexentry: eng/cabaret__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabaret
trans_list: kabaret
sense:
Live entertainment held in a restaurant or nightclub; the genre of music associated with this form of entertainment, especially in early 20th century Europe.


lexentry: eng/cabbage_looper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabbage looper
trans_list: błyszczka ni
sense:
Trichoplusia ni, a widespread noctuid moth which in its caterpillar stage is an important crop pest.


lexentry: eng/cabbage_white__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabbage white
trans_list: bielinek kapustnik | kapustnik
sense:
(entomology) Any of various largely white butterflies with dark markings in the family Pieridae, especially the species Pieris brassicae, Pieris canidia, and Pieris rapae.


lexentry: eng/cabbage_worm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabbage worm
trans_list: Hellula undalis
sense:
A cabbage webworm (Hellula undalis, family Crambidae) native to southern Europe or Asia that also injures cabbages and other vegetables in the Gulf states of the United States.


lexentry: eng/cabin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabin
trans_list: chata
sense:
(US) A small dwelling characteristic of the frontier, especially when built from logs with simple tools and not constructed by professional builders, but by those who meant to live in it.


lexentry: eng/cabin__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: cabin
trans_list: kabina
sense:
(Indian English) A private office; particularly of a doctor, businessman, lawyer, or other professional.


lexentry: eng/cabin_boy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabin boy
trans_list: chłopiec okrętowy
sense:
(dated) A boy or young man who is employed to serve as an attendant for passengers or crew members on a ship.


lexentry: eng/cabin_crew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabin crew
trans_list: steward
sense:
(aviation) The members of staff aboard a commercial aircraft, employed to ensure the safety and comfort of their passengers.


lexentry: eng/cabinet__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: cabinet
trans_list: rada ministrów | gabinet | rząd
sense:
(politics, often, capitalized) In parliamentary and some other systems of government, the group of ministers responsible for creating government policy and for overseeing the departments comprising the executive branch.


lexentry: eng/cabinet_minister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cabinet minister
trans_list: minister
sense:
(politics) A member of the executive branch of a government who has been appointed to the cabinet, the group of leading policy makers, advisers, and overseers of governmental departments who report to the prime minister.


lexentry: eng/cable__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable
trans_list: kabel | przewód
sense:
An assembly of two or more wires, used for electrical power or data circuits; one or more and/or the whole may be insulated.


lexentry: eng/cable_car__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cable car
trans_list: mała kolej automatyczna
sense:
Any passenger vehicle attached to a moving cable for propulsion, and guided by some form of rails, on a specially-built track not in a street.


lexentry: eng/cable_internet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable internet
trans_list: internet kablowy
sense:
Internet connectivity received through coaxial cables, usually via the same medium as cable television.


lexentry: eng/cable_modem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable modem
trans_list: modem kablowy
sense:
(Internet) A modem that provides data communication via radio frequency channels over any of a variety of cable types to establish a cable internet connection.


lexentry: eng/cable_television__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cable television
trans_list: kablówka | telewizja kablowa
sense:
Television received through coaxial cables; specifically, a TV service that provides reception to suburbs or other residential areas through utility lines and offering a wide variety of TV channels through satellite reception.


lexentry: eng/cabriolet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cabriolet
trans_list: kabriolet
sense:
(historical, originally) A light two- or four-wheeled carriage with a folding top, pulled by a single horse.


lexentry: eng/cache-sexe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cache-sexe
trans_list: przepaska
sense:
An article of clothing sufficient to cover the genitalia, primarily as used by an exotic dancer or in certain aboriginal cultures.


lexentry: eng/cache__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cache
trans_list: pamięć podręczna | bufor | schowek | cache
sense:
(computing) A fast temporary storage where recently or frequently used information is stored to avoid having to reload it from a slower storage medium.


lexentry: eng/cachexia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cachexia
trans_list: charłactwo | kacheksja | wyniszczenie
sense:
(pathology) A systemic wasting of muscle tissue, with or without loss of fat mass, that accompanies a chronic disease. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/cacique__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cacique
trans_list: kacyk
sense:
(ornithology) Any of a number of tropical birds from Central America and South America in the genera Cacicus, Cassiculus, and Amblycercus.


lexentry: eng/cackling_goose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cackling goose
trans_list: bernikla północna
sense:
Branta hutchinsii, a North American bird of the genus Branta of black geese, which contains species with largely black plumage, distinguishing them from the grey Anser species.


lexentry: eng/cactus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cactus
trans_list: kaktus
sense:
(botany) Any member of the family Cactaceae, a family of flowering New World succulent plants suited to a hot, semi-desert climate.


lexentry: eng/cactus_wren__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cactus wren
trans_list: brunatniczek kroplisty | strzyż kaktusowy
sense:
a wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus), native to the southwestern United States southwards to central Mexico.


lexentry: eng/cad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cad
trans_list: łajdak
sense:
A low-bred, presuming person; a mean, vulgar fellow, especially one that cannot be trusted with a lady.


lexentry: eng/cad__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cad
trans_list: konduktor
sense:
(archaic) A person who stands at the door of an omnibus to open and shut it, and to receive fares; a bus conductor.


lexentry: eng/cadastre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadastre
trans_list: kataster
sense:
(cartography) A public survey of land, originally for the purpose of taxation and to create an official register of land ownership.


lexentry: eng/cadaver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadaver
trans_list: zwłoki
sense:
(literary, medicine) A dead body; especially the corpse of a human to be dissected. [from late 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/cadaverine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadaverine
trans_list: kadaweryna
sense:
A foul-smelling diamine produced by protein hydrolysis during putrefaction of animal tissue. Cadaverine is a toxic diamine with the formula NH2(CH2)5NH2.


lexentry: eng/caddie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caddie
trans_list: caddie | caddy
sense:
(by extension, golf, also, attributively) A person hired to assist a golfer by carrying their golf clubs and providing advice.


lexentry: eng/caddis_fly__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caddis fly
trans_list: chruścik
sense:
Any insect, of the order Trichoptera, having two pairs of hairy wings; they are found near lakes and streams.


lexentry: eng/caddy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caddy
trans_list: stocznia
sense:
A movable tray or other mechanism for holding (sometimes within a piece of equipment or machinery), securing, and transporting a removable component.


lexentry: eng/cadence__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cadence
trans_list: kadencja
sense:
(music) A progression of at least two chords which conclude a piece of music, section or musical phrases within it. Sometimes referred to analogously as musical punctuation.


lexentry: eng/cadenza__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cadenza
trans_list: kadencja
sense:
(music) A part of a piece of music, such as a concerto, that is very decorative and is played by a single musician.


lexentry: eng/cadge__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cadge
trans_list: wycyganiać | wycyganić | wykusić | wyłudzać | wyłudzić
sense:
(US, British, slang) To obtain something by wit or guile; to convince people to do something they might not normally do.


lexentry: eng/cadre__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cadre
trans_list: kadra
sense:
(military) The framework or skeleton upon which a new regiment is to be formed; the officers of a regiment forming the staff.


lexentry: eng/caduceus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caduceus
trans_list: kaduceusz | kerykejon
sense:
A symbol (☤) representing a staff with two snakes wrapped around it, used to indicate merchants and messengers. It is also sometimes incorrectly substituted for the rod of Asclepius as a symbol of medicine.


lexentry: eng/caecum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caecum
trans_list: jelito ślepe
sense:
(anatomy) A cavity open at one end (such as the blind end of a duct), especially a blind pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum and the colon.


lexentry: eng/caesaropapism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caesaropapism
trans_list: cezaropapizm
sense:
(government, religion) The combination of state (originally imperial) power with religious authority; state authority over ecclesiastical matters.


lexentry: eng/caesium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caesium
trans_list: cez
sense:
The chemical element (symbol Cs) with an atomic number of 55. It is a soft, gold-colored, highly reactive alkali metal.


lexentry: eng/cafeteria__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cafeteria
trans_list: kafeteria | stołówka
sense:
(chiefly, US, Canada) A restaurant in which customers select their food at a counter then carry it on a tray to a table to eat.


lexentry: eng/cafeteria__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cafeteria
trans_list: stołówka
sense:
(chiefly, US, Canada) A dining area in an institution where meals may be purchased (as above), provided, or brought in from elsewhere.


lexentry: eng/caffeine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caffeine
trans_list: kofeina
sense:
An alkaloid, C8H10N4O2, found naturally in tea and coffee plants, which acts as a mild stimulant on the central nervous system. [from 1830]


lexentry: eng/café__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: café
trans_list: kawiarnia | café
sense:
A coffee shop; an establishment selling coffee and sometimes other non-alcoholic beverages, simple meals or snacks, with a facility to consume them on the premises.


lexentry: eng/cahoots__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cahoots
trans_list: zmowa
sense:
Chiefly preceded by in: collaboration or collusion, chiefly for a nefarious reason. [from early 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/caiman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caiman
trans_list: kajman
sense:
(narrowly) Any of the relatively small crocodilians of the genus Caiman, within the family Alligatoridae.


lexentry: eng/cajón__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cajón
trans_list: cajón
sense:
(musical instrument) A box-shaped percussion instrument played by slapping the front or rear faces (generally thin plywood) with the hands, fingers, or sometimes various implements.


lexentry: eng/cake__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cake
trans_list: ciasto | tort | ciastko | ciasteczko
sense:
A rich, sweet dessert food, typically made of flour, sugar, and eggs and baked in an oven, and often covered in icing.


lexentry: eng/calabash__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calabash
trans_list: tykwa
sense:
The bottle gourd (calabash vine, Lagenaria siceraria), believed to have originated in Africa, which is grown for its fruit that are used as a vegetable and to make containers (sense 3); the fruit of this plant.


lexentry: eng/calabash__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: calabash
trans_list: tykwa
sense:
A container made from the mature, dried shell of the fruit of one of the above plants; also, a similarly shaped container made from some other material.


lexentry: eng/calabur_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calabur tree
trans_list: rozcięg
sense:
A tree (Muntingia calabura) native to the New World tropics, now widely cultivated, with ornamental, economic, and environmental uses.


lexentry: eng/calandra_lark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calandra lark
trans_list: kalandra szara
sense:
Any bird in the genus Melanocorypha, but especially in the species Melanocorypha calandra of the Mediterranean region and central Asia.


lexentry: eng/calcine__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcine
trans_list: prażyć | uprażyć
sense:
(physical chemistry) To heat (a substance) without melting in order to drive off water, etc., and to oxidize or reduce it; specifically, to decompose (carbonates) into oxides, and, especially, to heat (limestone) to form quicklime.


lexentry: eng/calcite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcite
trans_list: kalcyt
sense:
(mineral) A very widely distributed crystalline form of calcium carbonate, CaCO3, found as limestone, chalk and marble.


lexentry: eng/calcium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium
trans_list: wapń
sense:
The chemical element (Symbol Ca), with an atomic number 20. It is a soft, silvery-white alkaline earth metal which occurs naturally as carbonate in limestone and as silicate in many rocks.


lexentry: eng/calcium_carbide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium carbide
trans_list: węglik wapnia | acetylenek wapnia
sense:
(inorganic compound) A black, solid, of formula CaC2, manufactured from lime and carbon at high temperatures; reacts with water to form acetylene.


lexentry: eng/calcium_carbonate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium carbonate
trans_list: węglan wapnia
sense:
(inorganic compound) A colourless or white inorganic compound, CaCO3, occurring as chalk, limestone, marble etc. Reacts with acids to liberate carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/calcium_chloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calcium chloride
trans_list: chlorek wapnia
sense:
(inorganic compound) The calcium salt of hydrochloric acid, CaCl2; used as a drying agent and to melt ice on roads.


lexentry: eng/calculate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calculate
trans_list: kalkulować | wyliczać | policzyć | rachować | obliczać
sense:
(transitive, mathematics) To determine the value of something or the solution to something by a mathematical process.


lexentry: eng/calculate__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: calculate
trans_list: kalkulować | wyliczać | policzyć | rachować | obliczać
sense:
To ascertain or predict by mathematical or astrological computations the time, circumstances, or other conditions of; to forecast or compute the character or consequences of.


lexentry: eng/calculation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: calculation
trans_list: obliczenie | kalkulacja | obrachunek
sense:
(chess, uncountable) The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually moving the pieces.


lexentry: eng/calculator__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calculator
trans_list: kalkulator
sense:
A mechanical or electronic device that performs mathematical calculations; sometimes, an electronic one specifically.


lexentry: eng/calculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calculus
trans_list: rachunek
sense:
(countable, mathematics) Any formal system in which symbolic expressions are manipulated according to fixed rules.


lexentry: eng/calculus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: calculus
trans_list: rachunek różniczkowy i całkowy
sense:
(uncountable, often, definite, the calculus) Differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject.


lexentry: eng/calculus_of_variations__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calculus of variations
trans_list: rachunek wariacyjny
sense:
(calculus) The form of calculus that deals with the maxima and minima of definite integrals of functions of many variables.


lexentry: eng/calendar__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calendar
trans_list: kalendarz
sense:
A means to determine the date consisting of a document containing dates and other temporal information.


lexentry: eng/calendar_year__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calendar year
trans_list: rok
sense:
The length of time between the beginning and end of a year as marked on a calendar, such as from 0:00 January 1 to 24:00 December 31 in the Gregorian calendar.


lexentry: eng/calender__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calender
trans_list: kalander | gładziarka
sense:
Calender machine
 A machine, used for the purpose of giving cloth, paper etc., a smooth, even, and glossy or glazed surface, by cold or hot pressure, or for watering them and giving them a wavy appearance; it consists of two or more cylinders revolving nearly in contact, with the necessary apparatus for moving and regulating.


lexentry: eng/calender__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calender
trans_list: kalendrować
sense:
To press between rollers for the purpose of making smooth and glossy, or wavy, as woolen and silk stuffs, linens, paper etc., as in a calender.


lexentry: eng/calf__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: calf
trans_list: cielak | cielę
sense:
The young of various animals, especially elephant, giraffe, reindeer, seal, or whale (also indiscriminately used of other animals).


lexentry: eng/caliber__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: caliber
trans_list: kaliber
sense:
Unit of measure used to express the length of the bore of a weapon. The number of calibres is determined by dividing the length of the bore of the weapon, from the breech face of the tube to the muzzle, by the diameter of its bore. A gun tube the bore of which is 40 feet (480 inches) long and 12 inches in diameter is said to be 40 calibers long.


lexentry: eng/calico__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calico
trans_list: kaliko
sense:
(textiles) A kind of rough cloth made from unbleached and not fully processed cotton, often printed with a bright pattern.


lexentry: eng/californium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: californium
trans_list: kaliforn
sense:
A strongly radioactive and highly fissile transuranic chemical element (symbol Cf) with an atomic number of 98.


lexentry: eng/caliphate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caliphate
trans_list: kalifat
sense:
Monarchical government based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad, ruled by a caliph.


lexentry: eng/calisthenics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calisthenics
trans_list: kalistenika
sense:
(in the plural) Physical exercises with the participation of a multitude of muscles and often minimal equipment (thus, usually bodyweight exercises); strength training aspects and cardio aspects are both involved, and stamina is often a focus.


lexentry: eng/call_a_spade_a_spade__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call a spade a spade
trans_list: nazywać rzeczy po imieniu
sense:
(idiomatic) To put it bluntly, to be outspoken; to speak the truth, to say things as they really are.


lexentry: eng/call_center__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call center
trans_list: biuro obsługi klienta | call center
sense:
(business, telephony) A communications facility where phone calls are handled; especially, a commercial one for customer service, sales and telemarketing.


lexentry: eng/call_collect__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call collect
trans_list: dzwonić na koszt rozmówcy
sense:
(US, intransitive) To make a telephone call in which the cost of the call is paid by the person receiving the call; to place a collect call.


lexentry: eng/call_it_quits__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call it quits
trans_list: aresztować
sense:
To conclude; to quit or stop an activity, especially after applying oneself to it for a significant period of time.


lexentry: eng/call_option__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call option
trans_list: opcja kupna
sense:
(finance) An option to buy a stated quantity of an asset or financial product, such as stock, at a stated price (the strike price), on a stated future date (or range of dates).


lexentry: eng/call_to_prayer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: call to prayer
trans_list: wezwanie do modlitwy
sense:
A public proclamation made five times a day in Muslim societies, broadcast from the mosques, to mark out the ordained occasions for worship.


lexentry: eng/calla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calla
trans_list: czermień błotna
sense:
A marsh plant native to cooler areas throughout the northern hemisphere, Calla palustris, having pale green flowers in a white spathe.


lexentry: eng/calling_card__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calling card
trans_list: podpis
sense:
(figurative) An attribute, symptom, object, or behavior which is distinctly characteristic of someone or something.


lexentry: eng/calliope__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calliope
trans_list: Kaliope
sense:
A musical organ, consisting of steam whistles played with a keyboard. Often used with merry-go-rounds.


lexentry: eng/callow__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: callow
trans_list: niedojrzały | niedoświadczony
sense:
(figurative) Lacking life experience; immature, inexperienced, naive; also, of or relating to something immature or inexperienced.


lexentry: eng/callus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: callus
trans_list: nagniotek
sense:
A hardened area of the skin (especially on the foot or hand) caused by repeated friction, wear or use.


lexentry: eng/callus__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: callus
trans_list: nagniotek
sense:
The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous in consistency, but is ultimately converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single piece.


lexentry: eng/calm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calm
trans_list: spokój
sense:
(in a person) The state of being calm; peacefulness; absence of worry, anger, fear or other strong negative emotion.


lexentry: eng/calm_before_the_storm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calm before the storm
trans_list: cisza przed burzą
sense:
(idiomatic) A period of peace before a disturbance or crisis; an unnatural or false calm before a storm.


lexentry: eng/calorie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calorie
trans_list: kaloria
sense:
(nutrition) A non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to 4.184 kilojoules, that can raise the temperature of a kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. This is the unit normally used in food labeling.


lexentry: eng/calorie__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: calorie
trans_list: kaloria
sense:
(physical chemistry, physics) A non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to 4.184 joules, that can raise the temperature of a gram of water by one degree Celsius. This unit was formerly widely used in chemistry and physics.


lexentry: eng/calque__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calque
trans_list: kalka
sense:
(linguistics, translation studies) A word or phrase in a language formed by word-for-word or morpheme-by-morpheme translation of a word in another language.


lexentry: eng/calx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calx
trans_list: popiół
sense:
(now, chiefly, historical) The substance which remains after a metal or mineral has been thoroughly burnt, once seen as being the essential substance left after the expulsion of phlogiston, but now recognised as being the metallic oxide (or, in some cases, the metal in a state of sublimation).


lexentry: eng/calyptra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calyptra
trans_list: czepek
sense:
(botany) In bryophytes, a thin hood of tissue that forms from the archegonium and covers the developing sporophyte and is shed as it ripens.


lexentry: eng/calyx__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: calyx
trans_list: kielich
sense:
(botany) The outermost whorl of flower parts, comprising the sepals, which covers and protects the petals as they develop.


lexentry: eng/camber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camber
trans_list: wypukłość
sense:
A slight convexity, arching or curvature of a surface of a road, beam, roof, ship's deck etc., so that liquids will flow off the sides.


lexentry: eng/cambium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cambium
trans_list: kambium
sense:
(botany) A layer of cells between the xylem and the phloem that is responsible for the secondary growth of roots and stems.


lexentry: eng/came__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: came
trans_list: ramka
sense:
A grooved strip of metal, traditionally usually lead or brass and today sometimes stainless steel, used to hold panes of glass together in glazing.


lexentry: eng/camel_driver__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camel driver
trans_list: wielbłądnik
sense:
One whose occupation is to direct, handle and care for camels, especially as a part of a caravan travelling long distances.


lexentry: eng/camellia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camellia
trans_list: kamelia
sense:
Any plant of the genus Camellia, shrubs and small trees native to Asia; Camellia japonica is the most popular as a garden plant; Camellia sinensis is the tea plant.


lexentry: eng/camerlingate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camerlingate
trans_list: pozycja kamerlinga
sense:
(Roman Catholicism) The dignity of the camerlengo (cardinal who presides over the Apostolic Chamber in pontifical interregnum).


lexentry: eng/camomile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camomile
trans_list: rumian rzymski
sense:
Chamaemelum nobile (formerly Anthemis nobilis), English chamomile or Roman chamomile, a ground cover with fragrant foliage.


lexentry: eng/camomile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camomile
trans_list: rumianek | rumianek pospolity
sense:
Matricaria recutita (formerly known as Matricaria chamomilla), German chamomile or Hungarian chamomile, with fragrant flowers used for tea, and as an herbal remedy.


lexentry: eng/camomile_tea__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camomile tea
trans_list: rumianek
sense:
A beverage made by infusing the leaves of the camomile plant (either Matricaria recutita or Chamaemelum nobile) in hot water.


lexentry: eng/camouflage__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: camouflage
trans_list: kamuflaż | barwa ochronna | kolor ochronny
sense:
(military) The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy.


lexentry: eng/camp__Verb__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: camp
trans_list: biwakować | koczować | obozować
sense:
(intransitive, obsolete) To fight; contend in battle or in any kind of contest; to strive with others in doing anything; compete.


lexentry: eng/camp_follower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camp follower
trans_list: markietanka
sense:
(chiefly, historical) A civilian who follows an army, typically a family member of a soldier or someone who provides services to the soldiers, e.g. prostitution, sale of liquor, cooking and laundry.


lexentry: eng/campaigner__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: campaigner
trans_list: aktywista
sense:
A person who campaigns for a person running for political office or works, or supports, in an organised and active way towards a goal; an activist.


lexentry: eng/campanile__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: campanile
trans_list: dzwonnica
sense:
A bell tower (especially one that is freestanding), often associated with a church or other public building, especially in Italy.


lexentry: eng/camper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: camper
trans_list: camper
sense:
(video games, derogatory) A person who stays in one spot during a first-person shooting game, to guard an item etc.


lexentry: eng/campfire__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: campfire
trans_list: ognisko
sense:
A fire at a campground or on a camping trip, often used for cooking, to provide light and heat, to drive away bugs, and as a focal point for sitting around in the evening and talking, telling stories, and singing.


lexentry: eng/camphor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camphor
trans_list: kamfora
sense:
(organic compound) A white transparent waxy crystalline isoprenoid ketone, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, with a strong pungent odour, used in pharmacy, also known as laurel camphor or common/ordinary camphor.


lexentry: eng/camping__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: camping
trans_list: kemping
sense:
(uncountable) The recreational or educational activity of temporarily living in a tent or similar accommodation.


lexentry: eng/campus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: campus
trans_list: kampus
sense:
The grounds or property of a school, college, university, business, church, or hospital, often understood to include buildings and other structures.


lexentry: eng/can_I_use_your_phone__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: can I use your phone
sense:
Indicates that the speaker wants to communicate with someone via the interlocutor's telephone, if it is available.

trans_list:
czy mogę skorzystać z pana telefonu? | czy mogę skorzystać z pani telefonu? | czy mogę skorzystać z twojego telefonu?


lexentry: eng/can__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: can
trans_list: móc | umieć | potrafić
sense:
(Manglish, Singlish, intransitive) To be fine or acceptable; to be possible; (with liao or already) to be enough. Often used in conjunction with a variety of clause-final particles, e.g., lah, meh or one, to express different attitudes towards the subject matter.


lexentry: eng/can_of_worms__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: can of worms
trans_list: puszka Pandory
sense:
(idiomatic) A complex, troublesome situation arising when a decision or action produces considerable subsequent problems.


lexentry: eng/canapé__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canapé
trans_list: kanapka
sense:
An hors d’oeuvre, a bite-sized open-faced sandwich made of thin bread or toast topped with savory garnish.


lexentry: eng/canary_grass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canary grass
trans_list: kanar | mielec | mozga | ostrzyca
sense:
Grass of species Phalaris canariensis, whose seeds are used as birdseed, believed to be native to Morocco and the Canary Islands, now widespread in most semitropical to cool-temperate environments.


lexentry: eng/canasta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canasta
trans_list: kanasta
sense:
(uncountable, games, card games) A card game similar to rummy and played using two packs, where the object is to meld groups of the same rank.


lexentry: eng/cancel__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cancel
trans_list: skrócić
sense:
(transitive, mathematics) To remove a common factor from both the numerator and denominator of a fraction, or from both sides of an equation.


lexentry: eng/cancellation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cancellation
trans_list: anihilacja
sense:
The act, process, or result of cancelling; as, the cancellation of certain words in a contract, or of the contract itself.


lexentry: eng/cancer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cancer
trans_list: rak | nowotwór złośliwy
sense:
(medicine, oncology, disease) A disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation.


lexentry: eng/candela__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candela
trans_list: kandela
sense:
In the International System of Units, the base unit of luminous intensity; the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. Symbol: cd


lexentry: eng/candle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candle
trans_list: świeca | świeczka | gromnica
sense:
A light source consisting of a wick embedded in a solid, flammable substance such as wax, tallow, or paraffin.


lexentry: eng/candy_cane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: candy cane
trans_list: cukrowa laska
sense:
(US, Canada) An edible candy in the shape of a cane or staff, generally consumed during Christmas time and usually having a peppermint flavor.


lexentry: eng/cane_toad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cane toad
trans_list: aga | kururu | ropucha olbrzymia
sense:
A large toad, Rhinella marina (formerly Bufo marinus), of Central and South America, introduced to Australia and various Pacific islands where it is now an invasive pest species.


lexentry: eng/canid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canid
trans_list: pies
sense:
Any member of the family Canidae, including canines (dogs, wolves, coyotes and jackals) and vulpines (foxes).


lexentry: eng/canker__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: canker
trans_list: żółty guzek
sense:
An avian disease affecting doves, poultry, parrots and birds of prey, caused by Trichomonas gallinae.


lexentry: eng/canned__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: canned
trans_list: nagranie
sense:
(by extension) Previously prepared; not fresh or new; standardized, mass-produced, or lacking originality or customization.


lexentry: eng/cannibal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cannibal
trans_list: kanibal | ludojad | ludożerca | antropofag
sense:
An organism which eats others of its own or similar species or kind, especially a human or other human-like creature such as a zombie who consumes human flesh.


lexentry: eng/cannoli__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cannoli
trans_list: cannolo
sense:
(mostly, in the plural) A tube of fried pastry, typical of Sicily, filled with ricotta or similar cream cheese, and flavorings, eaten as a dessert.


lexentry: eng/cannon__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: cannon
trans_list: armata | działo
sense:
(Chinese chess) A piece which moves horizontally and vertically like a rook but captures another piece by jumping over a different piece in the line of attack.


lexentry: eng/cannonball__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cannonball
trans_list: bomba
sense:
(diving) The act of jumping (typically into a swimming pool) with the legs bent and the arms wrapped around the knees to create a large splash, mimicking the flight and shape of a cannonball.


lexentry: eng/cannoneer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cannoneer
trans_list: kanonier
sense:
(military unit) An artillery soldier who maintains and operates (historical) a cannon, or (now) some other piece of heavy artillery.


lexentry: eng/canoe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canoe
trans_list: kanu | kanadyjka
sense:
(watercraft) A small long and narrow boat, propelled by one or more people (depending on the size of canoe), using single-bladed paddles. The paddlers face in the direction of travel, in either a seated position, or kneeling on the bottom of the boat. Canoes are open on top, and pointed at both ends.


lexentry: eng/canola__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canola
trans_list: rzepak
sense:
Any of a number of cultivars of rapeseed (Brassica napus) and closely related field mustard (Brassica rapa), which have a lower erucic acid and glucosinolate content than traditional rapeseed.


lexentry: eng/canola_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canola oil
trans_list: olej rzepakowy
sense:
(US, Canada, Australia) vegetable oil pressed from canola seeds, used in cooking or as basis for biodiesel.


lexentry: eng/canon__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: canon
trans_list: kanon
sense:
A piece of music in which the same melody is played by different voices, but beginning at different times; a round.


lexentry: eng/canon__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: canon
trans_list: kanon
sense:
(chiefly, _, fandom, uncountable) Those sources, especially including literary works, which are considered part of the main continuity regarding a given fictional universe; (metonymically) these sources' content.


lexentry: eng/canon__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: canon
trans_list: kanon
sense:
(printing, dated, uncountable) A large size of type formerly used for printing the church canons, standardized as 48-point.


lexentry: eng/canonical_disjunctive_normal_form__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canonical disjunctive normal form
trans_list: kanoniczna alternatywna postać normalna
sense:
(logic) Disjunctive normal form with the additional property that all of the terms of the sum contain the same literals, so that the terms differ from each other only in their patterns of complementation (of their literals).


lexentry: eng/canonization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canonization
trans_list: kanonizacja
sense:
(Christianity) The final process or decree (following beatification) by which the name of a deceased person is placed in the catalogue (canon) of saints and commended to perpetual veneration and invocation.


lexentry: eng/canonize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canonize
trans_list: kanonizować
sense:
(chiefly, Roman Catholicism) To declare (a deceased person) as a saint, and enter them into the canon of saints.


lexentry: eng/canoodle__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: canoodle
trans_list: czulić się | migdalić się
sense:
(intransitive) Of a person: to caress, fondle, or pet another person; of two people: to caress, fondle, or pet each other; also, to have sexual intercourse; to make love.


lexentry: eng/cantaloupe__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cantaloupe
trans_list: kantalupa
sense:
Cucumis melo Cantalupensis Group, a cultivar group melon with sweet aromatic orange flesh, including two main types:


lexentry: eng/cantata__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cantata
trans_list: kantata
sense:
(music) A vocal composition accompanied by instruments and generally containing more than one movement, typical of 17th and 18th century Italian music.


lexentry: eng/canteen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canteen
trans_list: stołówka | kafeteria
sense:
A small cafeteria or snack bar, especially one in a military establishment, school, or place of work.


lexentry: eng/canteen__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: canteen
trans_list: manierka
sense:
A water bottle, flask, or other vessel, typically used by a soldier or camper as a bottle for carrying water or liquor for drink.


lexentry: eng/canter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canter
trans_list: galop
sense:
A gait of a horse between a trot and a gallop, consisting of three beats and a "suspension" phase, where there are no feet on the ground. Also describing this gait on other four-legged animals.


lexentry: eng/canton__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: canton
trans_list: kanton
sense:
A subdivision of a flag, the rectangular inset on the upper hoist (i.e., flagpole) side, the upper-left quadrant of a flag, (the stars of the US national flag are in a canton).


lexentry: eng/canvas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: canvas
trans_list: płótno
sense:
A type of coarse cloth, woven from hemp, useful for making sails and tents or as a surface for paintings.


lexentry: eng/canvass__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: canvass
trans_list: agitacja
sense:
(countable, specifically, politics) A seeking or solicitation, or determination, of support or favourable votes in a forthcoming election or poll.


lexentry: eng/cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 19
written_rep: cap
trans_list: kapelusz
sense:
(nautical) A collar of iron or wood used in joining spars, as the mast and the topmast, the bowsprit and the jib boom; also, a covering of tarred canvas at the end of a rope.


lexentry: eng/capable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capable
trans_list: zdolny | stać
sense:
Able and efficient; having the ability needed for a specific task; having the disposition to do something; permitting or being susceptible to something.


lexentry: eng/capacitance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capacitance
trans_list: pojemność elektryczna
sense:
(physics, uncountable) The property of an electric circuit or its element that permits it to store charge, defined as the ratio of stored charge to potential over that element or circuit (Q/V); SI unit: farad (F).


lexentry: eng/capacitor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capacitor
trans_list: kondensator
sense:
(electronics) An electronic component capable of storing electrical energy in an electric field; especially one consisting of two conductors separated by a dielectric.


lexentry: eng/cape__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cape
trans_list: przylądek | cypel
sense:
(geography) A piece or point of land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into a sea or lake; a promontory; a headland.


lexentry: eng/caper__Noun__3
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caper
trans_list: kapar
sense:
The pungent grayish green flower bud of the European and Oriental caper (Capparis spinosa), which is pickled and eaten.


lexentry: eng/capercaillie__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capercaillie
trans_list: głuszec | głuszec zwyczajny
sense:
A large, black grouse of the genus Tetrao in the bird family Phasianidae, especially the western capercaillie, Tetrao urogallus.


lexentry: eng/capillarity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capillarity
trans_list: zjawiska kapilarne
sense:
The interaction between the surfaces of a solid and liquid in contact that distorts the normal geometry of the liquid surface; especially the rise or fall of a liquid in a fine tube.


lexentry: eng/capillary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capillary
trans_list: kapilara
sense:
(anatomy) Any of the small blood vessels (from 5 to 10 micrometres/micrometers (μm) in diameter) that connect arteries to veins (They are the smallest blood vessels in the body: they convey blood between the arterioles and venules).


lexentry: eng/capillary_action__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capillary action
trans_list: zjawiska kapilarne
sense:
(physics) The drawing of a liquid (often against gravity) into or up narrow interstices due to surface tension


lexentry: eng/capisce__Interjection__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capisce
trans_list: kapisz? | kapujesz? | rozumiesz?
sense:
(sometimes, offensive) Used by a speaker to confirm that the listener has understood something said to the latter: did you hear me?, get it?, understood?


lexentry: eng/capital-intensive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capital-intensive
trans_list: kapitałochłonny
sense:
Needing a relatively large expenditure on capital, especially when compared to that spent on labour.


lexentry: eng/capital__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capital
trans_list: kapitał
sense:
(uncountable, business, finance, insurance) Money and wealth. The means to acquire goods and services, especially in a non-barter system.


lexentry: eng/capital_city__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capital city
trans_list: stolica
sense:
A city (or cities) much larger or more important to a country than all others, regardless of the actual seat of government (cf., Moscow and Saint Petersburg regardless of moves of the Russian government; Amsterdam despite the Dutch government having been situated in The Hague since 1588).


lexentry: eng/capital_flight__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capital flight
trans_list: ucieczka kapitału
sense:
(economics) The rapid flow of money or assets out of a country in response to globalization or some other economic event.


lexentry: eng/capital_gain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capital gain
trans_list: zysk kapitałowy
sense:
(economics, business, finance) An increase in the value of a capital asset; an amount by which the value or the proceeds of the sale of a capital asset by its owner exceed its cost to the owner.


lexentry: eng/capital_stock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capital stock
trans_list: kapitał akcyjny
sense:
(legal, accounting, US) The total amount of common and preferred stock (shares) that a company can issue.


lexentry: eng/capitalisation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capitalisation
trans_list: kapitalizacja
sense:
Choice of case (when writing a word); the act or process of writing a word in a particular case, such as ALL CAPS, Title Case, CamelCase, Sentence case, or all lowercase.


lexentry: eng/capitalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: capitalism
trans_list: kapitalizm
sense:
(politics, economic liberalism) A socio-economic system based on private property rights, including the private ownership of resources or capital, with economic decisions made largely through the operation of a market unregulated by the state.


lexentry: eng/capitalize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capitalize
trans_list: pisać wielką literą | pisać z dużej litery
sense:
(transitive) In writing or editing, to write (something: either an entire word or text, or just the initial letter(s) thereof) in capital letters, in upper case.


lexentry: eng/capitalize__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: capitalize
trans_list: spieniężać
sense:
(transitive, finance) To convert into capital, i.e., to get cash or similar immediately fungible resources for some less fungible property or source of future income.


lexentry: eng/capitulate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capitulate
trans_list: kapitulować | poddawać | poddać | skapitulować
sense:
(intransitive, originally only in military setting) To surrender on stipulated terms, end all resistance, give up, go along with or comply. [from the end of the 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/capitulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capitulation
trans_list: kapitulacja
sense:
The act of capitulating or surrendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms; the act of ceasing to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand.


lexentry: eng/capo_di_tutti_capi__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capo di tutti capi
trans_list: szef wszystkich szefów
sense:
(slang) Boss of all the bosses, especially in the mafia, Cosa Nostra etc. Often used by law enforcement, the media and the public in general to describe a Mafia boss who exerts significant influence on how the Mafia should run.


lexentry: eng/capoeira__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capoeira
trans_list: capoeira
sense:
(uncountable) A martial art developed in Brazil, involving complex acrobatic maneuvers and flowing movements.


lexentry: eng/caponier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caponier
trans_list: kaponiera
sense:
(military, historical) A work made across or in a ditch, to protect it from the enemy (as fire from it could cover the ditch), or to serve as a covered passageway (e.g. to outworks).


lexentry: eng/capotasto__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capotasto
trans_list: kapodaster
sense:
(music) A device, placed across the strings of a fretted instrument such as a guitar, to shorten the strings and thus allow upward transposition without altered fingering


lexentry: eng/cappuccino__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cappuccino
trans_list: cappuccino
sense:
(uncountable) An Italian coffee-based beverage made from espresso to which milk that has been steamed and/or frothed is added; (countable) a cup of this beverage.


lexentry: eng/cappuccino__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cappuccino
trans_list: kolor cappuccino
sense:
(uncountable, also, attributively) A medium- to dark-brown colour like that of the coffee drink (sense 1) or the habit of a Capuchin monk.


lexentry: eng/capri_pants__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capri pants
trans_list: rybaczki
sense:
Casual pants or trousers, usually for women, with the bottom hem reaching to below the knee but above the ankle (at midcalf, more or less); usually lightweight and summery.


lexentry: eng/capric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capric acid
trans_list: kwas dekanowy | kwas kaprynowy
sense:
(fatty acid) A fatty acid, CH3(CH2)8COOH, obtained from animal fats, and used in the manufacture of perfumes and flavours.


lexentry: eng/caproic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caproic acid
trans_list: kwas kapronowy
sense:
(fatty acid) A liquid fatty acid, CH3(CH2)4COOH, obtained from animal fats, and used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and flavours.


lexentry: eng/caprolactam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caprolactam
trans_list: kaprolaktam
sense:
(organic compound) A lactam (cyclic amide) manufactured from cyclohexanone and used in the manufacture of nylon.


lexentry: eng/caprylic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caprylic acid
trans_list: kwas kaprylowy | kwas oktanowy
sense:
(fatty acid) A fatty acid, CH3(CH2)6COOH, obtained from butter and other animal fats, and used in the manufacture of perfumes and flavours.


lexentry: eng/capsaicin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capsaicin
trans_list: kapsaicyna
sense:
(organic compound) A chemical compound found in chilli peppers, which is responsible for their piquancy.


lexentry: eng/capsicum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capsicum
trans_list: papryka | papryka roczna
sense:
(Australia, New Zealand, India, Singapore) The non-spicy fruit of the above plants, such as the bell pepper.


lexentry: eng/capsicum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capsicum
trans_list: papryka
sense:
Any of various tropical American plants, of the genus Capsicum, principally the species Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens, that are cultivated as edible peppers.


lexentry: eng/capstan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: capstan
trans_list: kabestan
sense:
(especially, nautical) A vertical cylindrical machine that revolves on a spindle, typically surmounted by a drumhead with sockets for levers for turning it; used to apply force to cables, ropes, etc.


lexentry: eng/capsule__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: capsule
trans_list: torebka | torebka nasienna
sense:
(botany) A type of simple, dehiscent, dry fruit (seed-case) produced by many species of flowering plants, such as poppy, lily, orchid, willow and cotton.


lexentry: eng/capsule__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: capsule
trans_list: kapsuła
sense:
(astronautics) A detachable part of a rocket or spacecraft (usually in the nose) containing the crew's living space.


lexentry: eng/capsule__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: capsule
trans_list: kapturek termokurczliwy
sense:
(winemaking) The covering — formerly lead or tin, now often plastic — over the cork at the top of the wine bottle.


lexentry: eng/captain__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: captain
trans_list: kapitan
sense:
A commissioned officer in the United States Navy, Coast Guard, NOAA Corps, or PHS Corps of a grade superior to a commander and junior to a rear admiral (lower half). A captain is equal in grade or rank to a United States Army, Marine Corps, or Air Force colonel.


lexentry: eng/captain__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: captain
trans_list: kapitan
sense:
One of the athletes on a sports team who is designated to make decisions, and is allowed to speak for his team with a referee or official.


lexentry: eng/caption__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: caption
trans_list: napisy
sense:
(cinematography, television) A piece of text appearing on screen as a subtitle or other part of a film or broadcast, describing dialogue (and sometimes other sound) for viewers who cannot hear.


lexentry: eng/captivate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: captivate
trans_list: urzekać
sense:
(figuratively) To attract and hold (someone's) attention and interest; to charm, to entrance, to fascinate, to enchain.


lexentry: eng/capture__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: capture
trans_list: zbić
sense:
(transitive) To remove or take control of an opponent’s piece in a game (e.g., chess, go, checkers).


lexentry: eng/car__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car
trans_list: samochód | auto | wóz | bryka | fura | gablota
sense:
A wheeled vehicle that moves independently, with at least three wheels, powered mechanically, steered by a driver and mostly for personal transportation but relatively smaller than a truck/lorry and a bus.


lexentry: eng/car_battery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car battery
trans_list: akumulator samochodowy
sense:
(automotive) A 12-volt battery used to run the electric starter motor in order to ignite the internal combustion engine of an automobile, and power accessories when the engine is off and the alternator is not turning.


lexentry: eng/car_bomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car bomb
trans_list: samochód-pułapka
sense:
An automobile laden with a large amount of explosives, and used as a bomb primarily in order to cause external damage.


lexentry: eng/car_radio__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: car radio
trans_list: radio samochodowe
sense:
A radio receiver fitted in a car, typically on or just below the dashboard, sometimes with specific features for use while driving, such as traffic alert interrupts and alternative frequency functions (switching frequencies as one moves in and out of range of transmitters).


lexentry: eng/car_radio__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: car radio
trans_list: radio samochodowe
sense:
An on-board entertainment system in a car, usually including a radio receiver as well as the capability to play audio from recorded media.


lexentry: eng/car_wash__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: car wash
trans_list: automyjnia | myjnia samochodowa
sense:
A place at which a car is washed, usually for a fee and often mechanically by driving the car through a tunnel.


lexentry: eng/carabiner__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carabiner
trans_list: karabinek | karabińczyk
sense:
A metal link with a gate that can open and close, generally used for clipping ropes to anchors or other objects.


lexentry: eng/caracal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caracal
trans_list: karakal
sense:
A type of cat native to Southern Africa, West Asia, and parts of Central and South Asia, Caracal caracal.


lexentry: eng/carapace__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carapace
trans_list: karapaks
sense:
A hard protective covering of bone or chitin, especially one which covers the dorsal portion of an animal.


lexentry: eng/carat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carat
trans_list: karat
sense:
A metric unit of mass equal to exactly 200 mg, chiefly used for measuring precious stones and pearls.


lexentry: eng/carat__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carat
trans_list: karat
sense:
(historical) Any of several small units of mass used for measuring precious stones and pearls, equivalent to 189–212 mg.


lexentry: eng/caravan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravan
trans_list: karawana
sense:
A convoy or procession of travellers, their cargo and vehicles, and any pack animals, especially camels crossing a desert.


lexentry: eng/caravanserai__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravanserai
trans_list: karawanseraj
sense:
(chiefly, historical) A roadside inn, usually having a central courtyard where caravans (see sense 3) can rest, providing accommodation for travellers along trade routes in Asia and North Africa.


lexentry: eng/caravel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caravel
trans_list: karawela
sense:
(nautical, historical) A light, usually lateen-rigged sailing ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish for about 300 years from the 15th century, first for trade and later for voyages of exploration.


lexentry: eng/carbon-nitrogen-oxygen_cycle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle
trans_list: cykl węglowo-azotowo-tlenowy
sense:
(physics, astronomy) A group of nuclear reactions, involving the interaction of protons with carbon, nitrogen and oxygen nuclei, thought to be the main source of energy in main-sequence stars of greater than 1.4 solar mass.


lexentry: eng/carbon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon
trans_list: węgiel
sense:
(uncountable) The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material.


lexentry: eng/carbon_cycle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon cycle
trans_list: cykl węglowy
sense:
The physical cycle of carbon through the Earth’s biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere that includes such processes as photosynthesis, decomposition, respiration and carbonification.


lexentry: eng/carbon_dioxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon dioxide
trans_list: dwutlenek węgla
sense:
(inorganic compound) The normal oxide of carbon, CO₂; a colorless, odorless gas formed during respiration and combustion and consumed by plants during photosynthesis.


lexentry: eng/carbon_footprint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon footprint
trans_list: ślad węglowy
sense:
A measure of the amount of carbon dioxide produced by a person, organization or state in a given time.


lexentry: eng/carbon_tax__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon tax
trans_list: podatek węglowy
sense:
A tax levied on the carbon contents used by the burning fossil fuels, so as to discourage the production of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/carbon_tetrachloride__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbon tetrachloride
trans_list: tetrachlorometan
sense:
(organic chemistry) The halogenated hydrocarbon tetrachloromethane; a toxic, nonflammable liquid, used as a solvent, formerly used in dry cleaning and in fire extinguishers.


lexentry: eng/carbonado__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbonado
trans_list: karbonado
sense:
(mineral) A dark, non-transparent, impure form of polycrystalline diamond (also containing graphite and amorphous carbon) used in drilling.


lexentry: eng/carbonated_water__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbonated water
trans_list: sodówka | woda gazowana | woda sodowa
sense:
(idiomatic) Water that contains carbon dioxide dissolved in it under pressure and is intended for drinking.


lexentry: eng/carbonic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbonic acid
trans_list: kwas węglowy
sense:
(inorganic compound) A weak unstable acid, H2CO3, known only in solution, and as carbonate salts; it is present in carbonated drinks, and sparkling wine, but decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water.


lexentry: eng/carboxyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carboxyl
trans_list: grupa karboksylowa
sense:
(organic chemistry) A univalent functional group consisting of a carbonyl and a hydroxyl functional group (-CO.OH); characteristic of carboxylic acids.


lexentry: eng/carbuncle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carbuncle
trans_list: karbunkuł
sense:
(archaic) A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon.


lexentry: eng/carbuncle__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carbuncle
trans_list: karbunkuł
sense:
(pathology) An abscess larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin. It is usually caused by staphylococcal infection.


lexentry: eng/carburetor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carburetor
trans_list: gaźnik
sense:
(US, Canada) A device in an internal combustion engine where fuel is vaporized and mixed with air prior to ignition. [from 1890s]


lexentry: eng/carcinoma__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carcinoma
trans_list: rak
sense:
(countable) An invasive malignant tumour derived from epithelial tissue that tends to metastasize to other areas of the body.


lexentry: eng/card__Noun__2
sense_num: 03
written_rep: card
trans_list: zgrzebło
sense:
(textiles) A hand-held tool formed similarly to a hairbrush but with bristles of wire or other rigid material. It is used principally with raw cotton, wool, hair, or other natural fibers to prepare these materials for spinning into yarn or thread on a spinning wheel, with a whorl or other hand-held spindle. The card serves to untangle, clean, remove debris from, and lay the fibers straight.


lexentry: eng/card_stock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: card stock
trans_list: brystol
sense:
A paper stock that is thicker and more durable than normal writing or printing paper, but thinner and more flexible than other forms of paperboard, used for postcards, playing cards, etc.


lexentry: eng/cardboard_box__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardboard box
trans_list: karton
sense:
An industrially prefabricated box made from cardboard, primarily used for packaging goods or materials and often recycled.


lexentry: eng/cardiac__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cardiac
trans_list: sercowy
sense:
(biology, medicine) Pertaining to the cardia of the stomach; cardial (cardial is the usual adjective in this sense).


lexentry: eng/cardiac_arrest__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardiac arrest
trans_list: NZK | nagłe zatrzymanie krążenia | zatrzymanie akcji serca
sense:
(cardiology, pathology) The sudden and complete cessation of the heartbeat resulting in the loss of effective circulation of the blood.


lexentry: eng/cardigan__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardigan
trans_list: kardigan
sense:
A type of sweater or jumper that fastens up the front with buttons or a zipper, usually machine- or hand-knitted from wool.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: kardynalny | kardynał
sense:
Describing a “natural” number used to indicate quantity (e.g., zero, one, two, three), as opposed to an ordinal number indicating relative position.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: kardynał
sense:
(Roman Catholic) One of the officials appointed by the pope in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking only below the pope, equal to the patriarchs, constituting the special college which elects the pope.


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: kardynał
sense:
Any of various species of New-World passerine songbird in the genus Cardinalis, or in the family Cardinalidae more generally, or of similar appearance and once considered to be related to the former; so called because of their red plumage. (See Wikipedia article for taxonomical information.)


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: purpura
sense:
A deep red color, somewhat less vivid than scarlet, the traditional colour of a Catholic cardinal's cassock. (same as cardinal red)


lexentry: eng/cardinal__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cardinal
trans_list: liczba kardynalna
sense:
(math) Ellipsis of cardinal number, a number indicating quantity, or the size of a set (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3). (See Cardinal_number.)


lexentry: eng/cardinal_number__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cardinal number
trans_list: liczba kardynalna | liczebnik główny
sense:
(mathematics) A generalized kind of number used to denote the size of a set, including infinite sets.


lexentry: eng/cardinal_virtue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardinal virtue
trans_list: cnota kardynalna
sense:
(Christianity, often, in the plural) One of the four foundational virtues identified by Greek and Christian philosophers, on which other virtues depend: justice, temperance, prudence, or fortitude.


lexentry: eng/cardinal_vowel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardinal vowel
trans_list: samogłoska kardynalna | samogłoska podstawowa
sense:
(phonetics) a vowel sound produced when the tongue is in an extreme position, either front or back, high or low.


lexentry: eng/cardioid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardioid
trans_list: kardioida
sense:
(geometry) An epicycloid with exactly one cusp; the plane curve with polar equation \rho = 1 + \cos\,\theta - approximately heart-shaped


lexentry: eng/cardiopulmonary_resuscitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardiopulmonary resuscitation
trans_list: resuscytacja | resuscytacja krążeniowo-oddechowa
sense:
A first aid procedure for cardiac arrest involving compression of the chest wall alternating with artificial respiration.


lexentry: eng/cardiovascular_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardiovascular disease
trans_list: choroba układu krążenia
sense:
A disease involving the heart or blood vessels, i.e. arteries and veins, such as coronary heart disease.


lexentry: eng/cardoon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cardoon
trans_list: kard | karczoch hiszpański | karczoch zwyczajny
sense:
Any of species Cynara cardunculus of prickly perennial plants which has leaf stalks eaten as a vegetable, related to the artichoke.


lexentry: eng/care__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: care
trans_list: martwić się
sense:
(transitive, intransitive) To be concerned (about), to have an interest (in); to feel concern (about).


lexentry: eng/care__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: care
trans_list: troszczyć się | obchodzić
sense:
(intransitive, polite, formal, chiefly in the negative) To want, to desire; to like; to be inclined towards or interested in.


lexentry: eng/care_for__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: care for
trans_list: opiekować się | troszczyć się o
sense:
(transitive, chiefly in the negative) To like or appreciate; to consider to be appealing, tasteful, or suitable.


lexentry: eng/careen__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: careen
trans_list: przechylać | przechylić
sense:
(nautical, transitive) To heave a ship down on one side so as to expose the other, in order to clean it of barnacles and weed, or to repair it below the water line.


lexentry: eng/career__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: career
trans_list: kariera
sense:
One’s calling in life; one's working occupation or profession, especially when pursued seriously and/or over a long period of time.


lexentry: eng/careerism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: careerism
trans_list: arywizm
sense:
(derogatory) The overwhelming desire or urge to advance one's own career or social status, usually at the expense of other personal interests, social growth, or ethics.


lexentry: eng/careerism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: careerism
trans_list: arywizm
sense:
(chiefly, US) The perception that being a member of the military is a career, rather than an obligation to serve one's country.


lexentry: eng/careless__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: careless
trans_list: niedbały
sense:
Not giving sufficient attention or thought, especially concerning the avoidance of harm or mistakes. [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/carer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carer
trans_list: opiekun | opiekunka
sense:
(chiefly, UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) Someone who regularly looks after another person, either as a job or often through family responsibilities.


lexentry: eng/caress__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caress
trans_list: pieszczota
sense:
An act of endearment; any act or expression of affection; an embracing, or touching, with tenderness. [from 1640s]


lexentry: eng/caretaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caretaker
trans_list: dozorca | dozorczyni | opiekun | opiekunka
sense:
Someone who takes care of a place or thing; someone looking after a place, or responsible for keeping it in good repair.


lexentry: eng/caretaker_government__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caretaker government
trans_list: rząd tymczasowy
sense:
(politics) A government that rules temporarily, for example after a no-confidence motion in a parliamentary system.


lexentry: eng/cargo_hold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cargo hold
trans_list: ładownia
sense:
(nautical) A hold on a ship (including the forehold and stern hold), used to store cargo during a voyage.


lexentry: eng/carillon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carillon
trans_list: carillon | karylion
sense:
(musical instrument) A set of bells, often in a bell tower, sometimes operated by means of a keyboard (manual or pedal), originating from the Low Countries.


lexentry: eng/caritive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caritive
trans_list: w caritivusie
sense:
(grammar) Of words or endings that express a lack of something, for example English homeless/-less or unsalted/un-, Finnish koditon, suolaton, -ton.


lexentry: eng/caritive_case__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caritive case
trans_list: caritivus
sense:
(grammatical case) A case used to express the lack or absence of something. It has the meaning of the English preposition "without." The caritive case is found in some Caucasian languages.


lexentry: eng/carnassial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnassial
trans_list: drapieżny
sense:
One of the teeth used by a carnivore for shearing flesh, being the last upper premolar and the first lower molar.


lexentry: eng/carnation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carnation
trans_list: goździk
sense:
The type of flower they bear, originally flesh-coloured, but since hybridizing found in a variety of colours.


lexentry: eng/carnet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnet
trans_list: karnet
sense:
A ticket book, a collection of tickets in the form of a booklet often sold at a discount to single tickets.


lexentry: eng/carnivore__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carnivore
trans_list: mięsożerca | drapieżnik
sense:
An organism that feeds chiefly on animals; an animal that feeds on meat as the main part of its diet.


lexentry: eng/carotene__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carotene
trans_list: karoten
sense:
(organic chemistry) A class of tetraterpene plant pigments; they vary in colour from yellow, through orange to red, this colour originating in a chain of alternating single and double bonds.


lexentry: eng/carotenoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carotenoid
trans_list: karotenoid
sense:
(organic chemistry) Any of a class of yellow to red organic pigments including the carotenes and xanthophylls.


lexentry: eng/carp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carp
trans_list: karp
sense:
Any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae; specifically the common carp, Cyprinus carpio.


lexentry: eng/carp__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carp
trans_list: utyskiwać | zrzędzić
sense:
To criticize or complain about a fault, especially for frivolous or petty reasons; to cavil. [(often) with at]


lexentry: eng/carpal_tunnel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpal tunnel
trans_list: Kanał nadgarstka
sense:
(countable, anatomy) A fibro-osseous passageway on the palmar side of the wrist that connects the distal forearm to the middle compartment of the deep plane of the palm.


lexentry: eng/carpel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpel
trans_list: słupek
sense:
(botany) A constituent part of a flower pistil: the female reproductive organs in a flower. A carpel is composed of an ovary, a style, and a stigma, although some flowers have carpels without a distinct style. In origin, carpels are leaves (megasporophylls) that have evolved to enclose the ovules. A pistil may be composed of a single carpel or of several carpels fused together.


lexentry: eng/carpenter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpenter
trans_list: cieśla | stolarz | stolarka
sense:
A person skilled at carpentry, the trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures.


lexentry: eng/carpenter__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carpenter
trans_list: cieśla | stolarz | stolarka
sense:
(nautical) A senior rating in ships responsible for all the woodwork onboard; in the days of sail, a warrant officer responsible for the hull, masts, spars and boats of a ship, and whose responsibility was to sound the well to see if the ship was making water.


lexentry: eng/carpentry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpentry
trans_list: stolarstwo
sense:
(uncountable) The trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures; woodworking.


lexentry: eng/carpet_beater__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpet beater
trans_list: trzepaczka | trzepaczka do dywanów
sense:
A tool for beating dust out of carpets, cushions, etc., used in housecleaning before the invention of the vacuum cleaner.


lexentry: eng/carpet_bombing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpet bombing
trans_list: nalot dywanowy
sense:
Large area bombardment done in a progressive manner to inflict damage in every part of a selected area of land.


lexentry: eng/carpetbag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpetbag
trans_list: torba dywanowa
sense:
A traveling bag made from scraps of carpet and widely used in the United States (and elsewhere) in the 19th century.


lexentry: eng/carpetbagger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carpetbagger
trans_list: carpetbagger
sense:
(politics, history, chiefly, US, offensive) A migrant from the Northern to the Southern States after the American Civil War of 1861–5, especially one who went South to gain political influence.


lexentry: eng/carpetbagger__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carpetbagger
trans_list: spadochroniarz
sense:
(pejorative, by extension) One who comes to a place or organisation with which they have no previous connection with the sole or primary aim of personal gain, especially political or financial gain.


lexentry: eng/carport__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carport
trans_list: podjazd | wiata | zadaszenie
sense:
A roofed structure for automobile storage, usually attached to a house and not fully enclosed like a garage but with at least one side open to the outdoors. [from 1936]


lexentry: eng/carrack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrack
trans_list: karaka
sense:
(historical) A large European sailing vessel of the 14th to 17th centuries similar to a caravel but square-rigged on the foremast and mainmast and lateen-rigged on the mizzenmast.


lexentry: eng/carriage__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carriage
trans_list: wóz | kareta | powóz
sense:
A (mostly four-wheeled) lighter vehicle chiefly designed to transport people, generally drawn by horse power.


lexentry: eng/carriage_return__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carriage return
trans_list: wejście
sense:
The key or lever that initiates the carriage return action (on a typewriter) or generates the carriage return character (on a computer).


lexentry: eng/carrier__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: carrier
trans_list: nosiciel | nosicielka
sense:
(genetics, pathology) A person or other organism that has a genetic trait, mutation or infection liable to cause a disease, but displays no symptoms.


lexentry: eng/carrier_bag__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrier bag
trans_list: reklamówka
sense:
(UK) A bag made of thin polythene or paper, generally used for carrying groceries or other purchased items.


lexentry: eng/carrier_pigeon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrier pigeon
trans_list: gołąb pocztowy
sense:
A domestic pigeon which transports attached messages or very small parcels from the place where it is released to a familiar destination.


lexentry: eng/carrier_wave__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrier wave
trans_list: fala nośna | częstotliwość nośna
sense:
(physics) A wave that can be modulated, either in amplitude, frequency, or phase, to carry or transmit images, music, speech, or other signals.


lexentry: eng/carrot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrot
trans_list: marchewka | marchew
sense:
A vegetable with a nutritious, juicy, sweet root that is often orange in colour, Daucus carota, family Apiaceae, especially the subspecies sativus.


lexentry: eng/carry-on__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carry-on
trans_list: bagaż podręczny
sense:
That luggage or baggage which is taken onto an airplane (or a ferry, etc.) with a passenger, rather than checked.


lexentry: eng/carry_on__Verb__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carry on
trans_list: gonić
sense:
(idiomatic, transitive, intransitive) To take baggage or luggage onto an airplane, rather than check it.


lexentry: eng/carry_oneself__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: carry oneself
trans_list: nosić
sense:
(idiomatic) To behave, especially with respect to how one's speech, body language, facial expressions, and grooming convey one's opinion concerning oneself.


lexentry: eng/carrying_basket__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carrying basket
trans_list: kosz do noszenia
sense:
A basket fitted with a strap or straps to allow it to be carried on the back with the carrier's arms free.


lexentry: eng/cart__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cart
trans_list: wóz | wózek | fura
sense:
A small, open, wheeled vehicle, drawn or pushed by a person or animal, often with two wheels on one axle, more often used for transporting goods than passengers.


lexentry: eng/cartel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartel
trans_list: kartel
sense:
(economics) A group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market.


lexentry: eng/cartilage__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartilage
trans_list: chrząstka
sense:
(skeleton, uncountable) A usually translucent and somewhat elastic, dense, nonvascular connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints. It composes most of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos, being replaced by bone during ossification in the higher vertebrates.


lexentry: eng/cartilaginous_fish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartilaginous fish
trans_list: ryba chrzęstnoszkieletowa
sense:
Any member of the taxonomic class Chondrichthyes, having a skeleton made of cartilage rather than bone. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fishes.


lexentry: eng/cartography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartography
trans_list: kartografia
sense:
(uncountable) The creation of charts and maps based on the layout of a territory's geography. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/carton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: carton
trans_list: karton
sense:
An inexpensive, disposable box-like container fashioned from either paper, paper with wax-covering (wax paper), or other lightweight material.


lexentry: eng/cartouche__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cartouche
trans_list: kartusz
sense:
(Egyptology, hieroglyphs) An oval figure containing the characters of an important personal name, such as that of royal or divine people.


lexentry: eng/cartridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cartridge
trans_list: nabój
sense:
(firearms) The package consisting of the bullet, primer, and casing containing gunpowder; a round of ammunition.


lexentry: eng/cartridge__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cartridge
trans_list: kartridż | kartusz | kaseta drukująca | pojemnik z tuszem | wkład drukujący
sense:
(computing) A vessel which contains the ink or toner for a computer printer and can be easily replaced with another.


lexentry: eng/cartwheel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cartwheel
trans_list: gwiazda
sense:
A gymnastic maneuver whereby the gymnast rotates to one side or the other while keeping arms and legs outstretched, spinning for one or more revolutions.


lexentry: eng/carve__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: carve
trans_list: ryć
sense:
To shape to sculptural effect; to produce (a work) by cutting, or to cut (a material) into a finished work, especially with cuts that are curved rather than only straight slices.


lexentry: eng/caryatid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caryatid
trans_list: kariatyda
sense:
A sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head.


lexentry: eng/caryopsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caryopsis
trans_list: ziarniak
sense:
(botany) A type of fruit in which the fruit skin is stuck to the seed coat; especially the grain of a cereal.


lexentry: eng/cascabel__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cascabel
trans_list: grzechotnik
sense:
A knob at the end of a cannon, cast onto the gun breech, to which a heavy rope is attached in order to control recoil.


lexentry: eng/cascade__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cascade
trans_list: kaskada
sense:
A series of electrical (or other types of) components, the output of any one being connected to the input of the next.


lexentry: eng/case_closed__Phrase__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: case closed
trans_list: sprawa zamknięta
sense:
Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see A case is closed; specifically, a police investigation or similar is resolved.


lexentry: eng/case_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case law
trans_list: prawo precedensowe
sense:
Law developed by judges through court decisions and opinions, as distinct from statute and other legislation.


lexentry: eng/case_sensitive__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case sensitive
trans_list: rozróżniający wielkość liter
sense:
(computer science) Distinguishing upper- and lower-case letters. Often used in computer science to indicate a distinction is made in comparison or equality of letters based on case. For example, a case-sensitive password will not recognize "Password" and "password" as the same, but a case insensitive comparison would.


lexentry: eng/case_study__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: case study
trans_list: studium przypadku
sense:
(uncountable) Research performed in detail on a single individual, group, incident or community, as opposed to, for instance, a sample of the whole population.


lexentry: eng/casemate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casemate
trans_list: kazamata
sense:
(military) A bombproof chamber, usually of masonry, in which cannon may be placed, to be fired through embrasures; or one capable of being used as a magazine, or for quartering troops.


lexentry: eng/cash_crop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash crop
trans_list: plon na sprzedaż
sense:
(agriculture) A crop that is grown for sale rather than for personal food or for feeding to livestock.


lexentry: eng/cash_desk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash desk
trans_list: kasa
sense:
A place in a restaurant, bar, or shop etc, typically containing a cash register, where a customer can pay the bill.


lexentry: eng/cash_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cash in
trans_list: wymieniać
sense:
(figurative, often, followed by on) To profit from something; to take advantage of an opportunity in order to profit, especially financially; to capitalize on.


lexentry: eng/cash_on_delivery__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash on delivery
trans_list: płatność przy odbiorze
sense:
A kind of transaction in which goods are paid for in full in cash or by certified check only once they are received by the buyer.


lexentry: eng/cash_register__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cash register
trans_list: kasa | kasa fiskalna
sense:
A machine that tabulates the amount of sales transactions, makes a permanent and cumulative record of them, and has a drawer in which cash can be kept.


lexentry: eng/cashew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cashew
trans_list: nerkowiec
sense:
A tree, Anacardium occidentale, native to northeastern Brazil, now widely grown in tropical climates for its cashew nuts and cashew apples.


lexentry: eng/cashless__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cashless
trans_list: bezgotówkowy
sense:
Operating without the need for cash, such as by accepting nondigital, noncash forms of payment (e.g., chit, cheques, money orders) or (in the 21st century, usually) using digital payment methods (e-payment).


lexentry: eng/cask__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cask
trans_list: baryłka | antał | antałek | beczułka
sense:
A large barrel for the storage of liquid, especially of alcoholic drinks. (See a diagram of cask sizes.)


lexentry: eng/casserole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casserole
trans_list: brytfanna | gęsiarka | naczynie żaroodporne
sense:
(countable) A dish of glass or earthenware, with a lid, in which food is baked and sometimes served.


lexentry: eng/cassette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassette
trans_list: kaseta
sense:
A small flat case containing magnetic tape on two reels, used to record and play back audio and video material.


lexentry: eng/cassis__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cassis
trans_list: cassis
sense:
(chiefly US) A wine flavor note, suggesting the fruity and full-bodied characteristics of the fruit; mostly referred to as simply blackcurrant in the UK, where the fruit is common.


lexentry: eng/cassock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassock
trans_list: sutanna
sense:
An item of clerical clothing: a long, sheath-like, close-fitting, ankle-length robe worn by clergy members of some Christian denominations. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cassowary__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cassowary
trans_list: kazuar
sense:
Any large flightless bird of the genus Casuarius that is native to Australia and New Guinea, has a characteristic bony crest on its head, and can be very dangerous.


lexentry: eng/cast__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: cast
trans_list: obsada
sense:
(art) The collective group of actors performing a play or production together. Contrasted with crew.


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cast
trans_list: linieć | ronić | uronić | wylinieć | zrzucać | zrzucić
sense:
(of an animal) To throw off (the skin) as a process of growth; to shed the hair or fur of the coat. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: cast
trans_list: odlewać | formować | odlać | uformować | ulać | ulewać
sense:
To shape (molten metal etc.) by pouring into a mould; to make (an object) in such a way. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast__Verb__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: cast
trans_list: zarzucać | zarzucić
sense:
(nautical) To bring the bows of a sailing ship on to the required tack just as the anchor is weighed by use of the headsail; to bring (a ship) round. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/cast_off__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cast off
trans_list: decydować
sense:
(intransitive, knitting) To finish the last row of knitted stitches and remove them securely from the needle.


lexentry: eng/castanet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castanet
trans_list: kastaniety
sense:
(musical instruments, chiefly, in the plural) A single handheld percussion instrument consisting of a pair of concave shells or shell-shaped parts joined on one edge by string.


lexentry: eng/caste__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caste
trans_list: kasta
sense:
Any of the hereditary social classes and subclasses of South Asian societies or similar found historically in other cultures.


lexentry: eng/castellan__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: castellan
trans_list: kasztelan
sense:
(chiefly, _, historical) The governor or caretaker entrusted to oversee a castle or keep for its lord.


lexentry: eng/caster__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: caster
trans_list: koło kastora
sense:
(automotive) The angle of the axis around which a car's front wheels rotate when the steering wheel is turned, with a vertical axis being defined as zero caster.


lexentry: eng/caster_sugar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caster sugar
trans_list: drobny biały cukier
sense:
Granulated sugar that has been sifted to have a finer crystal size, so that it can be shaken out of the holes of a caster.


lexentry: eng/castigate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: castigate
trans_list: krytykować | piętnować | potępiać
sense:
(transitive, formal) To execrate or condemn something in a harsh manner, especially by public criticism.


lexentry: eng/castle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castle
trans_list: zamek
sense:
A large residential building or compound that is fortified and contains many defences; in previous ages often inhabited by a nobleman or king. Also, a house or mansion with some of the architectural features of medieval castles.


lexentry: eng/castle__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: castle
trans_list: roszada | wieża
sense:
(usually, _, intransitive, shogi) To create a similar defensive position in Japanese chess through several moves.


lexentry: eng/castle_in_the_air__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castle in the air
trans_list: marzenie ściętej głowy
sense:
(idiomatic) A desire, idea, or plan that is unlikely to ever be realized; a visionary project or scheme; a daydream, an idle fancy, a near impossibility. [from mid 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/castling__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castling
trans_list: roszada
sense:
(chess) A move in which the king moves two squares towards a rook, and the rook moves to the other side of the king; the action of the verb to castle.


lexentry: eng/castor_oil__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castor oil
trans_list: olej rycynowy
sense:
The pale yellow vegetable oil extracted from the castor bean; used as a laxative and an industrial lubricant.


lexentry: eng/castor_oil_plant__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castor oil plant
trans_list: rącznik | kleszczowina | rycynus | rącznik pospolity
sense:
A plant of the species Ricinus communis, used in the production of castor oil and of the poison ricin.


lexentry: eng/castoreum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castoreum
trans_list: kastoreum | strój bobrowy
sense:
The bitter exudate of the castor sacs of mature beavers, used as a scent mark, and as a tincture in some perfumes.


lexentry: eng/castrato__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: castrato
trans_list: kastrat | eunuch | rzezaniec | trzebieniec
sense:
A male who has been castrated, especially a male whose testicles have been removed before puberty in order to retain his boyish voice.


lexentry: eng/castrato__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: castrato
trans_list: kastrat
sense:
A male soprano or alto voice produced by castration of the treble singer before puberty, intended to conserve his voice; the singer.


lexentry: eng/casualty__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: casualty
trans_list: ofiara | poszkodowany
sense:
(military) A person in military service who becomes unavailable for duty, for any reason (notably death, injury, illness, capture, or desertion).


lexentry: eng/casuistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: casuistry
trans_list: kazuistyka
sense:
The process of answering practical questions via interpretation of rules, or of cases that illustrate such rules, especially in ethics; case-based reasoning.


lexentry: eng/cat's_claw__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cat's claw
trans_list: wibudłak
sense:
Martynia annua (small-fruit devil's-claw, tiger's-claw, iceplant), a plant species endemic to Brazil


lexentry: eng/cat's_eye__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat's eye
trans_list: kocie oczko
sense:
(countable, especially, Commonwealth, usually, _, in the plural) A retroreflective device placed on a road surface as a marking that can be seen even at night.


lexentry: eng/cat-o'-nine-tails__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat-o'-nine-tails
trans_list: kańczug
sense:
(nautical) A scourge (multi-tail whip) having nine, often knotted, whipcords, formerly used for flogging as naval punishment.


lexentry: eng/cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat
trans_list: kot
sense:
(countable, by extension) Chiefly with a descriptive word: an animal not of the family Felidae which (somewhat) resembles a domestic feline (sense 1.1.1).


lexentry: eng/cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat
trans_list: kot | kotka | kocur | kocica | kotek
sense:
A carnivorous, four-legged, generally furry domesticated species (Felis catus) of feline animal, commonly kept as a house pet. [from 8th c.]


lexentry: eng/cat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat
trans_list: kot
sense:
Any similar, chiefly non-domesticated, animal of the family Felidae, which includes bobcats, caracals, cheetahs, cougars, leopards, lions, lynxes, tigers, and other such species.


lexentry: eng/cat_and_mouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat and mouse
trans_list: bawić się w kotka i myszkę
sense:
A relationship in which two parties closely monitor and challenge one another in a suspicious or self-protective manner, often because each party is attempting to gain an advantage over the other.


lexentry: eng/cat_and_mouse__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cat and mouse
trans_list: bawić się w kotka i myszkę
sense:
A children's game in which one player (the "cat") attempts to break through a ring of players to catch another player (the "mouse") in the centre.


lexentry: eng/cat_flap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat flap
trans_list: klapka
sense:
A small, hinged panel, usually cut into a door, with an opening just large enough for a cat to enter.


lexentry: eng/cat_food__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat food
trans_list: kotów
sense:
A type of food specially formulated for the feeding of cats, typically composed of processed grain and meat byproducts as dry food or canned fish or meat as wet food.


lexentry: eng/cat_litter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat litter
trans_list: kuweta dla kota
sense:
Fuller's earth, clay pellets, wood chips, or similar loose absorbent materials used for the waste of pet cats.


lexentry: eng/cat_thyme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cat thyme
trans_list: ożanka
sense:
A low-growing herb, Teucrium marum, related to germander, which has a pungent scent that causes sneezing, but is attractive to cats.


lexentry: eng/catabolism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catabolism
trans_list: katabolizm
sense:
(biochemistry) Destructive (lytic) metabolism or metabolization, usually including the release of energy and breakdown of materials.


lexentry: eng/catachresis__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catachresis
trans_list: katachreza
sense:
(rhetoric) A misapplication or overextension of a figurative or analogical description; a wrongly applied metaphor or trope.


lexentry: eng/catacomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catacomb
trans_list: katakumby | katakumb | katakumba
sense:
(often plural) An underground system of tunnels and chambers with recesses for graves, used (in former times) as a cemetery; a tunnel system used for burying the dead, as in Paris or Ancient Rome.


lexentry: eng/catalepsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalepsy
trans_list: katalepsja
sense:
(pathology) A severe bodily condition, described in psychiatric pathology, marked by sudden rigidity, fixation of posture, and loss of contact with environmental conditions.


lexentry: eng/catalyst__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalyst
trans_list: katalizator
sense:
(chemistry) A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.


lexentry: eng/catalytic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalytic
trans_list: katalityczny
sense:
(chemistry) Of or relating to a catalyst; having properties facilitating chemical reaction or change.


lexentry: eng/catalytic_converter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catalytic converter
trans_list: katalizator
sense:
(automotive) A chamber containing a finely divided platinum catalyst in which carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons from vehicle exhaust are oxidized to carbon dioxide.


lexentry: eng/cataphatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cataphatic
trans_list: katafatyczny
sense:
(theology) Pertaining to the expression of God in terms of what God is, rather than in terms of what God is not (apophatic).


lexentry: eng/cataphora__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cataphora
trans_list: katafora
sense:
(linguistics, rhetoric) The use of a pronoun, or other linguistic unit, before the noun phrase to which it refers, sometimes used for rhetorical effect.


lexentry: eng/cataphract__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cataphract
trans_list: katafrakt
sense:
(military, historical) A soldier (especially a horseman) covered with a cataphract (etymology 1, sense 1).


lexentry: eng/catastrophe_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catastrophe theory
trans_list: teoria katastrof
sense:
(mathematics) The branch of mathematics dealing with dynamical systems which can undergo abrupt irreversible qualitative changes due to a tiny change in parameters.


lexentry: eng/catatonia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catatonia
trans_list: katatonia
sense:
A severe psychiatric condition, often associated with schizophrenia, characterized by a tendency to remain in a rigid state of stupor for long periods which give way to short periods of extreme agitation.


lexentry: eng/catboat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catboat
trans_list: ket
sense:
A sailing boat with a single sail, usually rigged on a gaff spar, used for fishing in New England and later adapted for racing and cruising. It has a single mast set near to the bow and a long boom which may extend over the stern.


lexentry: eng/catch__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: catch
trans_list: haczyk
sense:
(countable, sometimes, _, noun adjunct) A concealed difficulty, especially in a deal or negotiation.


lexentry: eng/catch__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: catch
trans_list: chwytać | złapać | łapać | chwycić
sense:
(transitive) To seize or intercept an object moving through the air (or, sometimes, some other medium). [from 16thc.]


lexentry: eng/catch_of_the_day__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catch of the day
trans_list: partia
sense:
(informal, idiomatic) A person who is a popular or desirable choice to be a partner in a prospective marital or romantic relationship.


lexentry: eng/catchment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catchment
trans_list: zlewisko | zlewnia
sense:
(often, attributive) Any structure or land feature which catches and holds water; the collection of such water.


lexentry: eng/catchment_area__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catchment area
trans_list: dorzecze | zlewisko | zlewnia
sense:
(by extension) The area served by a local institution, such as a hospital or school, or by extension, a railway station.


lexentry: eng/catchword__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catchword
trans_list: hasło | slogan
sense:
(printing, historical) A word under the right-hand side of the last line on a book page that repeats the first word on the following page.


lexentry: eng/catecholamine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catecholamine
trans_list: katecholamina
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of a class of aromatic amines derived from pyrocatechol that are hormones produced by the adrenal gland.


lexentry: eng/catechumen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catechumen
trans_list: katechumen | katechumenka
sense:
A convert to Christianity under instruction before baptism; a young or recent Christian preparing for confirmation.


lexentry: eng/categorical_product__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: categorical product
trans_list: produkt
sense:
(mathematics) The limit of two (or more) objects, considered without regard to any arrows between them.


lexentry: eng/category__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: category
trans_list: kategoria
sense:
A group, often named or numbered, to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria.


lexentry: eng/category__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: category
trans_list: kategoria
sense:
(mathematics) A collection of objects, together with a transitively closed collection of composable arrows between them, such that every object has an identity arrow, and such that arrow composition is associative.


lexentry: eng/category_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: category theory
trans_list: teoria kategorii
sense:
(mathematics) A branch of mathematics which deals with spaces and maps between them in abstraction, taking similar theorems from various disparate more concrete branches of mathematics and unifying them.


lexentry: eng/catenary__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catenary
trans_list: krzywa łańcuchowa | sieć przewodów trakcyjnych
sense:
(engineering) Any physical cable, rope, chain, or other weight-supporting structure taking such geometric shape, as a suspension cable for a bridge or a power-transmission line or an arch for a bridge or roof.


lexentry: eng/catenary__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: catenary
trans_list: krzywa łańcuchowa
sense:
(nautical) The curve of an anchor cable from the seabed to the vessel; it should be horizontal at the anchor so as to bury the flukes.


lexentry: eng/caterpillar_track__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caterpillar track
trans_list: gąsienica
sense:
A generic trademark name for a continuous track in the form of a steel or rubber belt fitted around the wheels of crawlers, bulldozers, excavators, loaders, backhoes, tanks and similar off-road vehicles in such a manner as to spread the load on the ground surface and thereby improve traction and reduce sinking into soft surfaces.


lexentry: eng/catgirl__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catgirl
trans_list: dziewczyna-kot
sense:
(Japanese fiction) A female fictional character who has a cat's ears, tail, or other feline characteristics on an otherwise humanoid body.


lexentry: eng/catharsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catharsis
trans_list: katharsis
sense:
(drama) A release of emotional tension after an overwhelming vicarious experience, resulting in the purging or purification of the emotions, as through watching a dramatic production (especially a tragedy).


lexentry: eng/catharsis__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: catharsis
trans_list: katharsis
sense:
(psychology) A therapeutic technique to relieve tension by reestablishing the association of an emotion with the memory or idea of the event that first caused it, and then eliminating it by complete expression (called the abreaction).


lexentry: eng/cathead__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathead
trans_list: kotbelka
sense:
A heavy piece of timber projecting somewhat horizontally from each side of the bow of a ship on which an anchor is raised or lowered, and secured when not used, from its stock end.


lexentry: eng/cathedral__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathedral
trans_list: katedra
sense:
The principal church serving as the office (and some as place of residence) of an archdiocese's/a diocese's archbishop/bishop which is symbolized by an episcopal throne known as the cathedra.


lexentry: eng/cathedral_city__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathedral city
trans_list: miasto katedralne
sense:
A title awarded to a town in the United Kingdom which, before letters patent, held city status by virtue of having a cathedral within its bounds.


lexentry: eng/catheter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catheter
trans_list: cewnik | kateter
sense:
(medicine) A small tube inserted into a body cavity to administer a drug, create an opening, distend a passageway, or remove fluid.


lexentry: eng/cathetus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathetus
trans_list: przyprostokątna
sense:
(geometry) A line perpendicular to a surface (or line); in particular, either of the sides of a right triangle other than its hypotenuse.


lexentry: eng/cathode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cathode
trans_list: katoda
sense:
(electricity) An electrode, of a cell or other electrically polarized device, through which a positive current of electricity flows outwards (and thus, electrons flow inwards). It can have either a negative or a positive voltage with respect to anode of the same polarized device (depending on whether the device is a load or a source, respectively).


lexentry: eng/catkin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catkin
trans_list: bazia | kotka
sense:
(botany) A type of inflorescence, consisting of an axis with many unisexual apetalous flowers along its sides, as in the willow and poplar.


lexentry: eng/catnip__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catnip
trans_list: kocimiętka
sense:
Any of the about 250 species of flowering plant of the genus Nepeta, family Lamiaceae, certain of which are said to have medicinal qualities.


lexentry: eng/catnip__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: catnip
trans_list: kocimiętka właściwa
sense:
Nepeta cataria and Nepeta grandiflora (and perhaps other species), which are well-known for causing an apparently harmless pheromone-based intoxication among certain cats.


lexentry: eng/catoblepas__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catoblepas
trans_list: katoblepas
sense:
A legendary creature from Ethiopia, said to have the body of a Cape buffalo, scales on its back, and the head of a wild boar, which always points downward because of its weight.


lexentry: eng/catperson__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catperson
trans_list: kociarz
sense:
(fiction) An anthropomorphic feline, or a person who has characteristics of a cat on an otherwise human body, such as cat ears and a cat tail.


lexentry: eng/cattail__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cattail
trans_list: pałka
sense:
(US, historically, Yorkshire, Lincolnshire) Any of several perennial herbs, of the genus Typha, that have long flat leaves, and grow in marshy places.


lexentry: eng/cattle_wagon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cattle wagon
trans_list: wagon bydlęcy
sense:
(rail, UK) a covered or uncovered goods wagon (mostly formerly) used for the transportation of live cattle.


lexentry: eng/catty__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: catty
trans_list: chabet
sense:
(informal, of a person or remark) With subtle hostility in an effort to hurt, annoy, or upset, particularly among women.


lexentry: eng/caul__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: caul
trans_list: czepek
sense:
The amnion which encloses the foetus before birth, especially that part of it which sometimes shrouds a baby’s head at birth (traditionally considered to be good luck). [from 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/cauliflower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cauliflower
trans_list: kalafior
sense:
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, an annual variety of cabbage, of which the cluster of young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable.


lexentry: eng/cauliflower_ear__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cauliflower ear
trans_list: ucho kalafiorowate
sense:
(boxing, wrestling, sport, pathology) An ear swollen and deformed by repeated blows, common among boxers and rugby players.


lexentry: eng/caulking_gun__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caulking gun
trans_list: pistolet wyciskowy
sense:
A tool for applying sealant, adhesives, etc., consisting of a metal skeleton with spring-loaded trigger into which a tube of sealant, caulk, etc., is fitted.


lexentry: eng/causative__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: causative
trans_list: causativum
sense:
(grammar) An expression of an agent causing or forcing a patient to perform an action (or to be in a certain condition).


lexentry: eng/cause__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cause
trans_list: przyczyna
sense:
(countable, often with of, typically of adverse results) The source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result.


lexentry: eng/cause_célèbre__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cause célèbre
trans_list: głośna sprawa
sense:
(chiefly, UK) An issue or incident (originally, a legal case) arousing widespread controversy or public debate.


lexentry: eng/cause_of_death__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cause of death
trans_list: przyczyna śmierci
sense:
The official cause of a human death as typically determined by a coroner during an autopsy and included on the death certificate of a deceased person.


lexentry: eng/causeway__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: causeway
trans_list: droga na grobli | grobla
sense:
A road that is raised so as to be above water, marshland, and similar low-lying obstacles, which in some cases may flood periodically (e.g. due to tides). Originally causeways were much like dykes, generally pierced to let water through, whereas many modern causeways are more like bridges or viaducts.


lexentry: eng/caustic_soda__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caustic soda
trans_list: soda kaustyczna | soda żrąca | wodorotlenek sodu
sense:
sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a strong alkaline substance used in the manufacture of paint, soap and detergents, or as a drain cleaner.


lexentry: eng/cauterize__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cauterize
trans_list: kauteryzować
sense:
To burn and hence seal open tissue using a heated article or caustic agent so as to stop bleeding or minimise the risk of infection.


lexentry: eng/caution_-_slippery_when_wet__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caution - slippery when wet
trans_list: uwaga - ﻿nawierzchnia śliska, gdy mokra
sense:
Warning, often in the form of a sign, that people should pay attention when walking on a wet and slippery floor not to fall down and get injured.


lexentry: eng/caution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: caution
trans_list: ostrzeżenie | przestroga
sense:
Prudence when faced with, or when expecting to face, danger; care taken in order to avoid risk or harm.


lexentry: eng/caution__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: caution
trans_list: ostrożność | przezorność | roztropność | uwaga
sense:
A careful attention to the probable effects of an act, in order that failure or harm may be avoided.


lexentry: eng/cavalier__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cavalier
trans_list: jeździec
sense:
(historical) A military man serving on horse, (chiefly) early modern cavalry officers who had abandoned the heavy armor of medieval knights.


lexentry: eng/cavalry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cavalry
trans_list: jazda | kawaleria | konnica
sense:
(military, usually, _, historical, uncountable) The military arm of service that fights while riding horses.


lexentry: eng/cave_painting__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cave painting
trans_list: malarstwo jaskiniowe | malarstwo naskalne
sense:
(uncountable) The paintings resulting from this activity regarded collectively, especially if prehistoric; cave art; (countable) an individual painting of this type.


lexentry: eng/cavitation__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cavitation
trans_list: kawitacja
sense:
(fluid dynamics) The formation, in a fluid, of vapor bubbles that rapidly collapse, especially in a rotating marine propeller or pump impeller.


lexentry: eng/cavity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cavity
trans_list: ubytek
sense:
(dentistry) A small or large hole in a tooth caused by caries; often also a soft area adjacent to the hole also affected by caries.


lexentry: eng/cedar__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cedar
trans_list: cedr
sense:
(uncountable) The aromatic wood from a Cedrus tree, or from any of several not closely related trees.


lexentry: eng/cedilla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cedilla
trans_list: cedylla
sense:
(orthography) In the spelling of Catalan, French, Portuguese and some other languages, a mark ⟨¸⟩ sometimes placed under the letter c to indicate that it is pronounced /s/ rather than /k/, as in Catalan força, French menaçant, and Portuguese almoço, and also used in various other languages to change the sounds of other letters.


lexentry: eng/celebrate__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: celebrate
trans_list: obchodzić | celebrować
sense:
(transitive) To honour by rites, by ceremonies of joy and respect, or by refraining from ordinary business; to observe duly.


lexentry: eng/celebrity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: celebrity
trans_list: gwiazda | celebryta | celebrytka | osobowość medialna
sense:
(countable) A person who has a high degree of recognition by the general population for his or her success or accomplishments; a famous person. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/celeriac__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celeriac
trans_list: seler
sense:
A form of celery, Apium graveolens, having an aromatic taproot eaten as a vegetable. [from mid 18th century]


lexentry: eng/celesta__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celesta
trans_list: czelesta
sense:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument consisting principally of a set of graduated steel plates struck with hammers that are activated by a keyboard.


lexentry: eng/celestial_body__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celestial body
trans_list: ciało niebieskie
sense:
(astronomy, astrology) A natural object which is located outside of Earth's atmosphere, such as a comet, an asteroid, the Moon, a planet, the Sun, or a star.


lexentry: eng/celestial_sphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celestial sphere
trans_list: sfera niebieska
sense:
(astronomy) The apparent outer limit of space; an abstract sphere of infinite radius which serves as the imaginary backdrop for celestial objects, and of which the visible sky is one hemisphere.


lexentry: eng/celestine__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celestine
trans_list: celestyn
sense:
(mineral) A mineral with orthorhombic crystals, SrSO4, colourless or white with blue and sometimes red shades.


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: cell
trans_list: komórka
sense:
(biology, now, chiefly, botany) Any of various chambers in a tissue or organism having specific functions. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: cell
trans_list: ogniwo | komórka
sense:
(obsolete) Specifically, any of the supposed compartments of the brain, formerly thought to be the source of specific mental capacities, knowledge, or memories. [14th–19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: cell
trans_list: ogniwo | komórka
sense:
A device which stores electrical power; used either singly or together in batteries; the basic unit of a battery. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 12
written_rep: cell
trans_list: komórka | cela
sense:
(biology) The basic unit of a living organism, consisting of a quantity of protoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane, which is able to synthesize proteins and replicate itself. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: cell
trans_list: komórka burzowa
sense:
(meteorology) A small thunderstorm, caused by convection, that forms ahead of a storm front. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 14
written_rep: cell
trans_list: komórka
sense:
(cellular automata) The minimal unit of a cellular automaton that can change state and has an associated behavior. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell__Noun__1
sense_num: 16
written_rep: cell
trans_list: ogniwo | komórka
sense:
A small group of people forming part of a larger organization, often an outlawed one. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/cell_wall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cell wall
trans_list: ściana komórkowa
sense:
(cytology) A thick, fairly rigid, layer formed around individual cells of bacteria, Archaea, fungi, plants, and algae (but not animals and other protists which generally have cell membranes without cell walls). The cell wall is external to the cell membrane and serves a structural function helping the cell maintain its shape and protecting the cell from damage.


lexentry: eng/cello__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cello
trans_list: wiolonczela
sense:
A large unfretted stringed instrument of the violin family with four strings tuned (lowest to highest) C-G-D-A and an endpin to support its weight, usually played with a bow.


lexentry: eng/cellular_automaton__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellular automaton
trans_list: automat komórkowy
sense:
(computing theory) An automaton consisting of cells arranged in a regular grid, in one or more dimensions. Each application of an associated rule creates a new generation, where the cells have a new configuration of values.


lexentry: eng/cellulite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellulite
trans_list: celulit
sense:
The dimpled appearance of skin caused by the protrusion of subcutaneous adipose tissue, especially on a woman's hips and thighs.


lexentry: eng/celluloid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: celluloid
trans_list: celuloid
sense:
Any of a variety of thermoplastics created from nitrocellulose and camphor, once used as photographic film.


lexentry: eng/cellulose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellulose
trans_list: celuloza
sense:
A complex carbohydrate that forms the main constituent of the cell wall in most plants and is important in the manufacture of numerous products, such as paper, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and explosives.


lexentry: eng/cellulose_acetate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cellulose acetate
trans_list: acetyloceluloza | octan celulozy
sense:
A biopolymer material of diverse uses including as photographic film stock, as a component in some coatings, as a frame material for eyeglasses, and as a synthetic fiber in the manufacture of cigarette filters and playing cards and in various textiles.


lexentry: eng/cement__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cement
trans_list: cement
sense:
(uncountable) The paste-like substance resulting from mixing such a powder with water, or the rock-like substance that forms when it dries.


lexentry: eng/cement__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cement
trans_list: cement
sense:
(uncountable) Any material with strong adhesive and cohesive properties such as binding agents, glues, grout.


lexentry: eng/cement_mixer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cement mixer
trans_list: betoniarka | betonowóz | gruszka do betonu
sense:
A device used in construction in which cement, aggregate and water are slowly mixed together in a revolving drum to form concrete.


lexentry: eng/cenotaph__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cenotaph
trans_list: cenotaf
sense:
A monument, generally in the form of an empty tomb, erected to honour the dead whose bodies lie elsewhere, especially members of the armed forces who died in battle.


lexentry: eng/cenote__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cenote
trans_list: cenote
sense:
A deep natural well or sinkhole, especially in Mexico and Central America, formed by the collapse of surface limestone that exposes groundwater underneath, and sometimes used by the ancient Mayans for sacrificial offerings.


lexentry: eng/censor__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: censor
trans_list: cenzurować | ocenzurować
sense:
To review for, and if necessary to remove or suppress, content from books, films, correspondence, and other media which is regarded as objectionable (for example, obscene, likely to incite violence, or sensitive).


lexentry: eng/censorship__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: censorship
trans_list: cenzura
sense:
The use of state or group power to control freedom of expression or press, such as passing laws to prevent undesirable media from being published or propagated.


lexentry: eng/census__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: census
trans_list: spis ludności | spis statystyczny
sense:
(cellular automata) A count of the number of individual patterns within a larger pattern, most often the ash of a soup or a methuselah.


lexentry: eng/cent__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cent
trans_list: cent
sense:
(money) A subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries. Symbol: ¢.


lexentry: eng/centaur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centaur
trans_list: centaur
sense:
(Greek mythology) A mythical beast having a horse's body with a man's head and torso in place of the head and neck of the horse.


lexentry: eng/center__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: center
trans_list: centrum | środek
sense:
(geometry) The point in the interior of any figure of any number of dimensions that has as its coordinates the arithmetic mean of the coordinates of all points on the perimeter of the figure (or of all points in the interior for a center of volume).


lexentry: eng/center__Noun__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: center
trans_list: środek
sense:
(engineering) A conical recess or indentation in the end of a shaft or other work, to receive the point of a center, on which the work can turn, as in a lathe.


lexentry: eng/center_of_gravity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: center of gravity
trans_list: środek ciężkości
sense:
(physics) A point, near or within a body, through which its weight can be assumed to act when considering forces on the body and its motion under gravity. This coincides with the center of mass in a uniform gravitational field.


lexentry: eng/center_of_gravity__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: center of gravity
trans_list: środek ciężkości
sense:
(metaphorical) The most central or important part of something, which its other parts are considered in relation to.


lexentry: eng/centerfold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centerfold
trans_list: rozkładówka
sense:
The single larger sheet of paper that forms the middle two pages of a magazine or other publication, folded so as to open wider than a standard page spread.


lexentry: eng/centi-__Prefix__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centi-
trans_list: centy-
sense:
(specifically) In the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10-2. Symbol: c


lexentry: eng/centigrade__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centigrade
trans_list: stopień Celsjusza
sense:
(uncountable) A centigrade scale for temperature having the freezing point of water defined as 0° and its boiling point defined as 100° at standard atmospheric pressure.


lexentry: eng/centipede__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centipede
trans_list: stonoga | parecznik
sense:
Any arthropod of class Chilopoda, which have a segmented body with one pair of legs per segment and from about 20 to 300 legs in total.


lexentry: eng/centner__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centner
trans_list: kwintal
sense:
A unit of weight with different actual definitions in parts of Germany and Scandinavia, typically 100 local pounds.


lexentry: eng/central_bank__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central bank
trans_list: bank centralny | bank emisyjny
sense:
(banking) The principal monetary authority of a polity or monetary union; it normally regulates the supply of money, issues currency and controls interest rates. It usually oversees banking activity within its country's borders.


lexentry: eng/central_committee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central committee
trans_list: komitet centralny
sense:
(communism) A standing administrative body of communist parties, analogous to a board of directors, of both ruling and nonruling parties of former and existing socialist states.


lexentry: eng/central_government__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central government
trans_list: rząd centralny
sense:
The national government of a country such as India and unitary state, in contrast to the lower local government.


lexentry: eng/central_heating__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central heating
trans_list: centralne ogrzewanie
sense:
Any of various heating systems in which a central source of heat is used to distribute heat (and sometimes hot water) throughout a building in a controlled manner.


lexentry: eng/central_limit_theorem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central limit theorem
trans_list: centralne twierdzenie graniczne
sense:
(statistics, and, mathematics, singulare tantum) The theorem that states that if the sum of independent identically distributed random variables has a finite variance, then it will be approximately normally distributed.


lexentry: eng/central_nervous_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central nervous system
trans_list: ośrodkowy układ nerwowy
sense:
(neuroanatomy) In vertebrates, that part of the nervous system comprising the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord.


lexentry: eng/central_processing_unit__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central processing unit
trans_list: procesor
sense:
(computer hardware) The part of a computer that fetches, decodes and executes instructions from memory, possibly through a cache.


lexentry: eng/central_simple_algebra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central simple algebra
trans_list: algebra centralna prosta
sense:
(algebra, ring theory) A finite-dimensional associative algebra over some field K that is a simple algebra and whose centre is exactly K.


lexentry: eng/central_sulcus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: central sulcus
trans_list: bruzda Rolanda | bruzda środkowa mózgu | szczelina Rolanda
sense:
(neuroanatomy) A fissure in the cerebral cortex of primates; it separates the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe


lexentry: eng/centralization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centralization
trans_list: centralizacja
sense:
The act or process of centralizing, or the state of being centralized; the act or process of combining or reducing several parts into a whole


lexentry: eng/centre-back__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre-back
trans_list: stoper
sense:
(soccer) A central defender, a player who plays in the centre of defence, just in front of the goalkeeper


lexentry: eng/centre-left__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre-left
trans_list: centrolewicowy
sense:
(politics) Leaning to the left but closer to the centre on the left–right political spectrum than other leftist variants.


lexentry: eng/centre-right__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre-right
trans_list: centroprawicowy
sense:
(politics) Leaning to the right but closer to the centre on the left–right political spectrum than other rightist variants.


lexentry: eng/centre_of_buoyancy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre of buoyancy
trans_list: środek wyporu
sense:
(nautical) the point through which the resultant of all buoyant forces on an immersed hull are assumed to act; the centre of mass of the displaced water.


lexentry: eng/centre_of_curvature__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre of curvature
trans_list: środek krzywizny
sense:
(mathematics, for any point on a curve) The centre of the osculating circle at the point on the curve.


lexentry: eng/centre_of_mass__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centre of mass
trans_list: barycentrum | środek ciężkości
sense:
(mathematics, physics) A point, near, or within a body at which the object's mass can be assumed to be concentrated; it coincides with the centroid for a body of uniform density, and with the centre of gravity in a uniform gravitational field.


lexentry: eng/centreboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centreboard
trans_list: miecz
sense:
(British spelling, nautical) The adjustable keel on a small yacht or dinghy that acts, among other things, as ballast and to counteract the sideways force of the wind.


lexentry: eng/centrifugal_force__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: centrifugal force
trans_list: siła odśrodkowa
sense:
(physics) In circular motion, the 'reactive' centrifugal force is a real force applied by the accelerating body that is equal and opposite to the centripetal force that is acting on the accelerating body.


lexentry: eng/centrifuge__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: centrifuge
trans_list: wirówka | centryfuga
sense:
By extension, any device which rotates in order to produce artificial gravity (in the form of centrifugal force)


lexentry: eng/centriole__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: centriole
trans_list: centriola
sense:
(biology) A barrel-shaped microtubule structure found in most animal cells, important in the process of mitosis (nuclear division).


lexentry: eng/centroid__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: centroid
trans_list: centroid
sense:
(statistics, cluster analysis, of a cluster of points) the arithmetic mean (alternatively, median) position of a cluster of points in a coordinate system based on some application-dependent measure of distance.


lexentry: eng/centroid__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: centroid
trans_list: centroid
sense:
(graph theory, of a tree) Given a tree of n nodes, either (1) a unique node whose removal would split the tree into subtrees of fewer than n/2 nodes, or (2) either of a pair of adjacent nodes such that removal of the edge connecting them would split the tree into two subtrees of exactly n/2 nodes.


lexentry: eng/century__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: century
trans_list: wiek | stulecie
sense:
A period of one hundred consecutive years; often specifically a numbered period with conventional start and end dates, e.g., the twentieth century, which stretches from (strictly) 1901 through 2000, or (informally) 1900 through 1999. The first century AD was from 1 to 100.


lexentry: eng/century__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: century
trans_list: centuria
sense:
A unit in ancient Roman army, originally of one hundred army soldiers as part of a cohort, later of more varied sizes (but typically containing sixty to seventy or eighty) soldiers or other men (guards, police, firemen), commanded by a centurion.


lexentry: eng/cephalosporin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cephalosporin
trans_list: cefalosporyna
sense:
Any of a class of natural and synthetic antibiotics developed from Acremonium fungi, having a cepham structure.


lexentry: eng/ceramic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceramic
trans_list: ceramiczny
sense:
Made of material produced by the high-temperature firing of inorganic, nonmetallic rocks and minerals.


lexentry: eng/ceramic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceramic
trans_list: ceramika
sense:
(uncountable) A hard, brittle, inorganic, nonmetallic material, usually made from a material, such as clay, then firing it at a high temperature.


lexentry: eng/ceramide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceramide
trans_list: ceramid
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of various lipids formed by linking a fatty acid to sphingosine and found widely but in small amounts in plant and animal tissue


lexentry: eng/cereal_bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cereal bar
trans_list: batonik zbożowy
sense:
A snack composed of some form of breakfast cereal that has been compressed into a bar shape and is held together with some form of edible adhesive.


lexentry: eng/cerebellum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebellum
trans_list: móżdżek
sense:
(neuroanatomy) Part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. In humans it lies between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum and is formed of two lateral lobes and a median lobe. It plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance and posture.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_aqueduct__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral aqueduct
trans_list: wodociąg mózgu
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The channel in the brain which connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle. It is surrounded by the periaqueductal gray.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_cortex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral cortex
trans_list: kora mózgowa | kora mózgu
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The grey, folded, outermost layer of the cerebrum that is responsible for higher brain processes such as sensation, voluntary muscle movement, thought, reasoning, and memory.


lexentry: eng/cerebral_palsy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebral palsy
trans_list: mózgowe porażenie dziecięce | porażenie mózgowe
sense:
(neurology, pathology) A group of non-progressive, non-contagious conditions, caused by brain damage before birth or during infancy, characterized by impairment of muscular coordination.


lexentry: eng/cerebrovascular_accident__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebrovascular accident
trans_list: udar mózgu
sense:
(medicine, formal, sometimes, euphemistic) Stroke (loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted).


lexentry: eng/cerebrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerebrum
trans_list: kresomózgowie
sense:
(neuroanatomy) The principal and most anterior part of the brain in vertebrates, which is located in the front area of the skull and divided into two hemispheres, left and right, separated by a fissure. In humans it is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for the integration of complex sensory functions and the initiation and coordination of voluntary activity, and the higher mental functions such as consciousness, thought, reason, emotion, and memory.


lexentry: eng/ceremonious__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceremonious
trans_list: ceremonialny
sense:
According to the required or usual ceremonies, formalities, or rituals; specifically (Christianity, obsolete) , to ceremonial laws in the Bible.


lexentry: eng/ceremony__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: ceremony
trans_list: ceremonia
sense:
(uncountable) A formal socially established behaviour, often in relation to people of different ranks; formality.


lexentry: eng/cereus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cereus
trans_list: otąg | pałczak
sense:
Any of the genus Cereus, either as currently or formerly defined, of plants of the cactus family, natives to the Americas, from California to Chile.


lexentry: eng/cerium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cerium
trans_list: cer
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Ce) with an atomic number of 58, a very soft, ductile, silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air.


lexentry: eng/certain__Adjective__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: certain
trans_list: jakiś | niejaki
sense:
(euphemism, preceded by "a") Used to denote that the speaker is referring to a specific person or thing that they do not want to name directly, implying that the listener should infer the identity of the referent.


lexentry: eng/certifiable__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: certifiable
trans_list: szalony
sense:
(informal, of a person) Mentally ill to such an extent that involuntary institutionalization is appropriate; crazy.


lexentry: eng/certify__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: certify
trans_list: certyfikować
sense:
(transitive) To attest that a product, service, organization, or person has met an official standard.


lexentry: eng/cervical_cancer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cervical cancer
trans_list: rak szyjki macicy
sense:
(pathology, oncology) A type of cancer of the cervix of the uterus which can afflict some female mammals including humans. The term usually does not refer to cancer of the neck or other parts of the anatomy which use the term cervix.


lexentry: eng/cervical_cap__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cervical cap
trans_list: Diaphragma | Wkładka domaciczna
sense:
A small latex or silicone contraceptive device that fits over the cervix and stays in place either by suction or by surface viscosity.


lexentry: eng/cervix__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cervix
trans_list: szyjka macicy
sense:
(now, specifically) The cervix uteri, or lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina.


lexentry: eng/cetane__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cetane
trans_list: cetan | heksadekan
sense:
(organic compound) The aliphatic hydrocarbon C16H34 (hexadecane) used as a standard for diesel fuel.


lexentry: eng/ceviche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: ceviche
trans_list: ceviche
sense:
(cooking) Raw seafood cured by marination in an acidic medium such as citrus, vinegar, or other souring agent, found primarily in Latin America.


lexentry: eng/chador__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chador
trans_list: czador | czadra
sense:
A loose robe made from a single cloth, worn as a combination head covering, veil and shawl by chiefly Muslim women (and occasionally by those of other faiths) in Iran and South Asia.


lexentry: eng/chaffinch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaffinch
trans_list: zięba | zięba zwyczajna
sense:
A small passerine bird, Fringilla coelebs, of the finch family, found throughout Europe and eastward to Iran and eastern Mediterranean coastlands.


lexentry: eng/chagrin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chagrin
trans_list: poczucie klęski
sense:
Distress of mind caused by a failure of aims or plans, want of appreciation, mistakes etc; vexation or mortification.


lexentry: eng/chain__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: chain
trans_list: łańcuch
sense:
(mathematics, set theory, order theory) A totally ordered set, especially a totally ordered subset of a poset.


lexentry: eng/chain__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: chain
trans_list: łańcuch | sieć
sense:
(algebraic topology, originally) A formal sum of cells in a CW complex of a certain dimension k (in which case the formal sums are called k-chains); a formal sum of simplices or cubes of a certain dimension in a simplical complex or cubical complex (respectively).


lexentry: eng/chain_complex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain complex
trans_list: kompleks łańcuchowy
sense:
(algebraic topology) A sequence of Abelian groups (or modules), together with a sequence of homomorphisms (called boundary homomorphisms) between consecutive groups, such that the image of one homomorphism is contained in the kernel of the next.


lexentry: eng/chain_letter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain letter
trans_list: łańcuszek
sense:
A letter that can be mailed successively to different recipients, with each recipient ostensibly (but sometimes sarcastically) being instructed in the body of the letter to mail the letter to another person or persons.


lexentry: eng/chain_of_command__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain of command
trans_list: hierarchia służbowa
sense:
(military, also, business) A system used in organizations, especially in the military, that defines a clear line of authority and responsibility.


lexentry: eng/chain_of_custody__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain of custody
trans_list: kontrola pochodzenia produktu
sense:
(legal, chemistry) The documentation showing the full process of acquisition, transfer, handling and disposition of physical or electronic materials.


lexentry: eng/chain_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chain reaction
trans_list: reakcja łańcuchowa
sense:
(nuclear physics) A nuclear reaction in which particles produced by the fission of one atom trigger fissions of other atoms.


lexentry: eng/chain_rule__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain rule
trans_list: reguła łańcuchowa
sense:
(calculus) A formula for computing the derivative of the functional composition of two or more functions.


lexentry: eng/chain_shot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain shot
trans_list: kula łańcuchowa
sense:
(historical, military, nautical) A projectile consisting of two cannon balls or half balls linked by a chain, fired from cannons mostly to attack spars and rigging.


lexentry: eng/chain_store__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chain store
trans_list: sieciówka | sklep sieciowy
sense:
A retail outlet that is one of a group of similar establishments having common format, contents, ownership and management.


lexentry: eng/chainring__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chainring
trans_list: korona
sense:
The large forward ring on a bicycle that a chain attaches to, in order to transfer energy to a wheel. It consists of one or more sprockets that are driven by the cranks and pedals of the bicycle.


lexentry: eng/chainsaw__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chainsaw
trans_list: pilarka łańcuchowa | piła łańcuchowa
sense:
(forestry, machinery, DIY) A power saw that has a power-driven and fast-revolving chain of metal teeth, usually used to cut trees.


lexentry: eng/chair__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chair
trans_list: krzesło
sense:
An item of furniture used to sit on or in, comprising a seat, legs or wheels, back, and sometimes arm rests, for use by one person.


lexentry: eng/chairlift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chairlift
trans_list: kolej krzesełkowa | wyciąg krzesełkowy | kolejka krzesełkowa
sense:
A continuously moving series of open seats, slung from overhead cables, used to transport people (especially skiers) up the sides of mountains.


lexentry: eng/chaise_longue__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaise longue
trans_list: szezlong
sense:
(chiefly, _, UK) A reclining chair with a long seat, which can support the outstretched legs of a sitter normally with one armrest.


lexentry: eng/chakra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chakra
trans_list: ćakra | czakra | czakram
sense:
(Hinduism, Ayurveda) Any of (at least) seven centres of spiritual energy in or near the body, according to Ayurveda philosophy.


lexentry: eng/chalcedony__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalcedony
trans_list: chalcedon
sense:
A form of fine-grained quartz that is nearly transparent or has a milky translucence; it fractures conchoidally.


lexentry: eng/chalcogen__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalcogen
trans_list: tlenowiec
sense:
(inorganic chemistry) Any element of group 16 of the periodic table: oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium or polonium.


lexentry: eng/chalcopyrite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalcopyrite
trans_list: chalkopiryt
sense:
(mineral) A yellow mineral that is a mixed sulfide of copper and iron, with the chemical formula CuFeS2.


lexentry: eng/chalet__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chalet
trans_list: chata | koliba
sense:
(Singapore) A recreational lodge or small house within the grounds of a resort or country club dedicated to the uniformed services, used for events, staycations and other social gatherings.


lexentry: eng/chalk__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chalk
trans_list: kreda
sense:
(countable) A piece of chalk, or nowadays processed compressed gypsum (calcium sulfate, CaSO4), that is used for drawing and for writing on a blackboard (chalkboard).


lexentry: eng/chalk__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chalk
trans_list: magnezja
sense:
(uncountable, climbing, gymnastics) A white powdery substance used to prevent hands slipping from holds when climbing, or losing grip in weight-lifting or gymnastics, sometimes but not always limestone-chalk, often magnesium carbonate (MgCO3).


lexentry: eng/chalk_and_cheese__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chalk and cheese
trans_list: powierzchownie podobny
sense:
(British, NZ, idiomatic) Said of things that are very different, though possibly superficially alike.


lexentry: eng/challah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: challah
trans_list: chałka
sense:
(countable) A traditional bread eaten by Ashkenazi Jews, usually braided for the Sabbath and round for a yom tov.


lexentry: eng/challenge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: challenge
trans_list: wyzwanie
sense:
A difficult task, especially one that the person making the attempt finds more enjoyable because of that difficulty.


lexentry: eng/challenge__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: challenge
trans_list: wyzwanie
sense:
(legal, rare) A judge's interest in the result of a case, constituting grounds for them to not be allowed to sit the case (e.g., a conflict of interest).


lexentry: eng/challenger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: challenger
trans_list: konkurent
sense:
One who challenges; especially, one who plays against the current champion of a game or contest in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion.


lexentry: eng/chamber_orchestra__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chamber orchestra
trans_list: orkiestra kameralna
sense:
An orchestra of modest size, to play chamber music, yet larger than the various chamber ensembles named after their number of instruments (from duo to nonet).


lexentry: eng/chamber_pot__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chamber pot
trans_list: nocnik
sense:
A container used for urination and defecation, particularly those used in early modern towns before the advent of the flush toilet.


lexentry: eng/chamber_tomb__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chamber tomb
trans_list: dolmen
sense:
A communal burial place, cut into rock or hillslopes or constructed of masonry, whose chamber may or may not have an entry passage, usually covered by a mound.


lexentry: eng/chamberlain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chamberlain
trans_list: szambelan
sense:
A senior royal official in charge of superintending the arrangement of domestic affairs and often charged with receiving and paying out money kept in the royal chamber, especially in the United Kingdom and in Denmark.


lexentry: eng/chameleon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chameleon
trans_list: kameleon
sense:
A small to mid-size reptile, of the family Chamaeleonidae, and one of the best known lizard families able to change color and project its long tongue.


lexentry: eng/champagne__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: champagne
trans_list: szampan
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A sparkling white wine made from a blend of grapes, especially Chardonnay and pinot, produced in Champagne, France, by the méthode champenoise.


lexentry: eng/chancel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chancel
trans_list: prezbiterium
sense:
The space around the altar in a church, often enclosed, for use by the clergy and the choir. In medieval cathedrals the chancel was usually enclosed or blocked off from the nave by an altar screen.


lexentry: eng/chancellor__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chancellor
trans_list: kanclerz
sense:
A senior secretary or official with administrative or legal duties, sometimes in charge of some area of government such as finance or justice.


lexentry: eng/chancroid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chancroid
trans_list: szankier
sense:
(pathology) A sexually transmitted infection, caused by bacteria of species Haemophilus ducreyi, characterized by painful sores on the genitalia.


lexentry: eng/change__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: change
trans_list: bilon
sense:
(uncountable) An amount of cash, usually in the form of coins, but sometimes inclusive of paper money.


lexentry: eng/change__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: change
trans_list: przebierać | przebrać | przewinąć | przwijać
sense:
(transitive) To replace the clothing of (the one wearing it), especially to put a clean diaper on (someone).


lexentry: eng/change_horses_in_midstream__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: change horses in midstream
trans_list: zmieniać plan w połowie | zmienić plan w połowie
sense:
(idiomatic) To change one's plan or approach when an effort is already underway or at another inopportune time.


lexentry: eng/changeling__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: changeling
trans_list: odmieniec
sense:
(European folklore, also, figurative) In pre-modern European folklore: an infant of a magical creature that was secretly exchanged for a human infant. In British, Irish and Scandinavian mythology the exchanged infants were thought to be those of fairies, sprites or trolls; in other places, they were ascribed to demons, devils, or witches.


lexentry: eng/changing_room__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: changing room
trans_list: przymierzalnia
sense:
A room or enclosure, e.g. in a clothes shop, where people try on clothes they are interested in buying.


lexentry: eng/channel__Noun__1
sense_num: 15
written_rep: channel
trans_list: kanał
sense:
(broadcasting) A specific radio frequency or band of frequencies, usually in conjunction with a predetermined letter, number, or codeword, and allocated by international agreement.


lexentry: eng/channel__Noun__1
sense_num: 17
written_rep: channel
trans_list: koryto
sense:
(storage) The portion of a storage medium, such as a track or a band, that is accessible to a given reading or writing station or head.


lexentry: eng/chanterelle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chanterelle
trans_list: pieprznik | kurka
sense:
(mushroom) A widely distributed edible mushroom, Cantharellus cibarius, being yellow and trumpet-shaped; or any similar mushroom of the genera Cantharellus, Polyozellus or Gomphus, not all of which are edible.


lexentry: eng/chaos__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chaos
trans_list: chaos
sense:
(mathematics) A behaviour of iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time.


lexentry: eng/chaos_theory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaos theory
trans_list: teoria chaosu
sense:
(mathematics) The study of iterative non-linear systems in which arbitrarily small variations in initial conditions become magnified over time.


lexentry: eng/chapbook__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapbook
trans_list: książeczka liryczna
sense:
A small book, usually made from a single sheet, folded several times, containing poems, ballads or religious tracts.


lexentry: eng/chapel__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chapel
trans_list: kaplica
sense:
(UK) A place of worship of a denomination not in conformity with the Church of England, usually Protestant.


lexentry: eng/chapel_of_ease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapel of ease
trans_list: kaplica filialna
sense:
A chapel built in a remote part of a parish to meet the needs of those who live far from the parish church.


lexentry: eng/chapelmaster__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapelmaster
trans_list: kapelmistrz
sense:
A director of music in a chapel, the musical director of a court and/or major church's choir and/or orchestra; often also a composer.


lexentry: eng/chaperone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaperone
trans_list: przyzwoitka
sense:
An older person who accompanies other younger people to ensure the propriety of their behaviour, often an older woman accompanying a young woman.


lexentry: eng/chaperone__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chaperone
trans_list: białko opiekuńcze
sense:
(biochemistry) A protein that assists the non-covalent folding/unfolding and the assembly/disassembly of other macromolecular structures, but does not occur in these structures when the latter are performing their normal biological functions.


lexentry: eng/chaplain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chaplain
trans_list: kapelan
sense:
A member of a religious body who is (often, although not always, of the clergy) officially assigned to provide pastoral care at an institution, group, private chapel, etc.


lexentry: eng/chapter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chapter
trans_list: rozdział | dział | filia
sense:
A section of a work, a collection of works, or fragments of works, often manuscripts or transcriptions, created by scholars or advocates, not the original authors, to aid in finding portions of the texts.


lexentry: eng/charabanc__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charabanc
trans_list: szaraban
sense:
(British, historical) A horse-drawn, and then later, motorized omnibus with open sides, and often, no roof.


lexentry: eng/character__Noun__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: character
trans_list: charakter | usposobienie
sense:
(countable, computing) One of the basic elements making up a text file or string: a code representing a printing character or a control character.


lexentry: eng/charcoal__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charcoal
trans_list: węgiel drzewny
sense:
(countable, uncountable) impure carbon obtained by destructive distillation of wood or other organic matter, that is, heating it in the absence of oxygen.


lexentry: eng/charcoal_burner__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charcoal burner
trans_list: węglarz
sense:
A person whose job it is to make charcoal, traditionally by carbonizing wood in a charcoal clamp or a kiln.


lexentry: eng/chard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chard
trans_list: botwina | boćwina
sense:
(uncountable, culinary) An edible leafy vegetable, Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla, with a slightly bitter taste.


lexentry: eng/charge__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: charge
trans_list: szarża
sense:
(military) An attack in which combatants rush towards an enemy in an attempt to engage in close combat.


lexentry: eng/charge__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: charge
trans_list: podopieczna | podopieczny
sense:
Someone or something entrusted to one's care, such as a child to a babysitter or a student to a teacher.


lexentry: eng/charge__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: charge
trans_list: ładować | naładować
sense:
(transitive) To load equipment with material required for its use, as a firearm with powder, a fire hose with water, a chemical reactor with raw materials.


lexentry: eng/charge__Verb__1
sense_num: 11
written_rep: charge
trans_list: ładować | naładować
sense:
(transitive) To replenish energy to (a battery, or a device containing a battery) by use of an electrical device plugged into a power outlet.


lexentry: eng/charger__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: charger
trans_list: rumak
sense:
(historical, military) A large horse trained for battle and used by the cavalry (of a lighter build than a destrier).


lexentry: eng/chargé_d'affaires__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chargé d'affaires
trans_list: chargé d'affaires
sense:
(diplomacy) A diplomat, ranking below an ambassador, who heads a diplomatic mission when no ambassador is present, either temporarily (in the interim between the departure of one ambassador and the accreditation of another) or for an extended time.


lexentry: eng/charism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charism
trans_list: charyzmat
sense:
(Christianity, theology, rare) A power or authority, generally of a spiritual nature, believed to be a freely given gift by the Grace of God.


lexentry: eng/charismatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charismatic
trans_list: charyzmatyczny
sense:
Of, related to, or having charisma: having a form of compelling charm which inspires devotion in others due to their strength of character and being full of personality; charming, fascinating, magnetic


lexentry: eng/charismatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: charismatic
trans_list: charyzmatyczny
sense:
Of, related to, or being a member of a form of Christianity that emphasizes the role of the Holy Spirit.


lexentry: eng/charismatic_megafauna__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charismatic megafauna
trans_list: charyzmatyczna megafauna
sense:
Large animals with broad popular appeal, especially as used by activists to focus public opinion on environmentalist goals.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: charity
trans_list: działalność charytatywna | charytatywność
sense:
(uncountable) Benevolence to others less fortunate than ourselves; the providing of goods or money to those in need.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: charity
trans_list: charytatywność
sense:
In general, an attitude of kindness and understanding towards others, now especially suggesting generosity.


lexentry: eng/charity__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: charity
trans_list: charytatywność
sense:
(archaic, Christianity) Christian love; representing God's love of man, man's love of God, or man's love of his fellow-men.


lexentry: eng/charity_shop__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charity shop
trans_list: sklep charytatywny
sense:
(UK) A retail establishment run by a charitable organization in order to raise funds for its causes.


lexentry: eng/charivari__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charivari
trans_list: szarawary
sense:
The noisy banging of pots and pans as a mock serenade to a newly married couple, or similar occasion.


lexentry: eng/charlock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charlock
trans_list: gorczyca polna | ognicha | modrych | rzepnica | świerzop | świrzepa
sense:
Any of several yellow-flowered cruciferous weeds of grain fields, especially wild mustard (Rhamphospermum arvense, syn. Sinapis arvensis).


lexentry: eng/charm__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: charm
trans_list: talizman
sense:
A small trinket on a bracelet or chain, etc., traditionally supposed to confer luck upon the wearer.


lexentry: eng/charm__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: charm
trans_list: zaczarować
sense:
(transitive) To use a magical charm upon; to subdue, control, or summon by incantation or supernatural influence; to ensorcel or exert a magical effect on.


lexentry: eng/charm_quark__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charm quark
trans_list: kwark c
sense:
(particle) A quark having a fractional electric charge of +\frac{2}{3} and a mass of about 1150 to 1350 MeV.Symbol: c


lexentry: eng/chart_of_accounts__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chart of accounts
trans_list: plan kont
sense:
(accounting) A list of financial accounts set up, usually by an accountant, for an organization, and available for use by the bookkeeper for recording transactions in the organization's general ledger.


lexentry: eng/charter__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charter
trans_list: karta | statut
sense:
A document issued by some authority, creating a public or private institution, and defining its purposes and privileges.


lexentry: eng/charwoman__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: charwoman
trans_list: sprzątaczka
sense:
(chiefly, British) A woman employed to do housework, traditionally coming and going on a daily basis and paid weekly wages.


lexentry: eng/chase__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: chase
trans_list: pogoń
sense:
(real tennis) The occurrence of a second bounce by the ball in certain areas of the court, giving the server the chance, later in the game, to "play off" the chase from the receiving end and possibly win the point.


lexentry: eng/chastity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chastity
trans_list: czystość
sense:
The quality of being chaste: the state of abstaining from any sexual activity considered immoral; avoidance of sexual sins.


lexentry: eng/chastity_belt__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chastity belt
trans_list: pas cnoty
sense:
A belt-like garment, designed to be worn over the genitals and locked to prevent sexual intercourse, typically for long periods of time, to maintain chastity, prevent masturbation, or to enforce BDSM submission.


lexentry: eng/chat__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chat
trans_list: czat
sense:
(countable, uncountable) An exchange of text or voice messages in real time through a computer network, resembling a face-to-face conversation.


lexentry: eng/chat_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chat up
trans_list: podrywać | flirtować | gawędzić | poderwać
sense:
(transitive, idiomatic) To talk to (someone) in a friendly, open, or casual manner, sometimes also in a charming or affected manner, usually to curry favor, and sometimes flirtatiously with the intention of establishing a romantic or sexual encounter or relationship with that person.


lexentry: eng/chauffeur__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chauffeur
trans_list: szofer | szoferka
sense:
A person employed to drive a private motor car or a hired car of executive or luxury class (like a limousine).


lexentry: eng/chauvinism__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chauvinism
trans_list: szowinizm
sense:
(pejorative) Unwarranted bias, favoritism, or devotion to one's own particular group, cause, or idea.


lexentry: eng/chav__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chav
trans_list: dres | dresiara | dresiarz
sense:
(UK, MLE, Ireland, derogatory, offensive ) A working-class youth, especially one associated with aggression, poor education, and a perceived "common" taste in clothing and lifestyle.


lexentry: eng/cheat__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cheat
trans_list: cheat | czit | kod
sense:
(video games) A hidden means of gaining an unfair advantage in a video game, often by entering a cheat code.


lexentry: eng/cheat_sheet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheat sheet
trans_list: ściągawka | ściąga | ściągaczka
sense:
A sheet of paper (or a digital analogue thereof) containing notes used to assist (with or without permission) on a test; especially, such a sheet used secretly and improperly.


lexentry: eng/check__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: check
trans_list: kratka
sense:
(textiles, usually, pluralized) A pattern made up of a grid of squares of alternating colors; a checkered pattern.


lexentry: eng/check__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: check
trans_list: sprawdzić | odfajkować | odhaczyć | zaptaszkować | zaznaczyć
sense:
(transitive, US, often used with "off") To mark items on a list (with a checkmark or by crossing them out) that have been chosen for keeping or removal or that have been dealt with (for example, completed or verified as correct or satisfactory).


lexentry: eng/check_in__Verb__1
sense_num: 09
written_rep: check in
trans_list: meldować się | zameldować się
sense:
(intransitive, Netherlands, NNSE) to tap on, to touch in, to tap in (to use a smartcard to start a public transport journey)


lexentry: eng/check_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: check out
trans_list: badać | obczaić | obczajać | sprawdzić | wymeldować się | zbadać
sense:
(transitive) To examine, inspect, look at closely, ogle; to investigate; to gather information so as to make a decision.


lexentry: eng/checkmate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checkmate
trans_list: mat
sense:
(chess) The conclusive victory in a game of chess that occurs when an opponent's king is threatened with unavoidable capture.


lexentry: eng/checkpoint__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checkpoint
trans_list: punkt kontrolny | przejście
sense:
A point or place where a check is performed, especially a point along a road or on a frontier where travellers are stopped for inspection.


lexentry: eng/checkpoint__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: checkpoint
trans_list: punkt kontrolny
sense:
(video games) A predetermined point in a map, level or scenario that the player may resume from if they die or restart.


lexentry: eng/checks_and_balances__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checks and balances
trans_list: mechanizm kontroli i równowagi
sense:
(politics) A system for multiple branches of government wherein each has some control over the actions of each of the others.


lexentry: eng/checksum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: checksum
trans_list: suma kontrolna
sense:
(mathematics, computing) A number, derived by applying a suitable algorithm to some data, used to check whether errors have occurred in transmission, storage or data entry.


lexentry: eng/cheek__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheek
trans_list: policzek
sense:
(anatomy) The soft skin on each side of the face, below the eyes; the outer surface of the sides of the oral cavity.


lexentry: eng/cheeky__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheeky
trans_list: bezczelny
sense:
(informal) Impudent; impertinent; impertinently bold, often in a way that is regarded as endearing or amusing.


lexentry: eng/cheerleader__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheerleader
trans_list: czirliderka | cheerleaderka
sense:
(chiefly, US) A person, usually a young, attractive female, who encourages applause and cheers at a sports event, and wearing a specially-designed uniform in the official colors of the team he/she cheers for.


lexentry: eng/cheerleading__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheerleading
trans_list: animacja
sense:
A physical activity in which cheerleaders organize elements of dance, gymnastics, and tumbling for judgment or to cheer on a team.


lexentry: eng/cheers__Interjection__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cheers
trans_list: cześć
sense:
(chiefly, Commonwealth, informal) goodbye, especially as a sign-off in an email or after writing a comment.


lexentry: eng/cheesecake__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cheesecake
trans_list: sernik | serowiec | serownik
sense:
(countable, and, uncountable, obsolete) A pie made of cream, eggs and milk (somewhat resembling the modern American chess cake).


lexentry: eng/cheesecloth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheesecloth
trans_list: etamina
sense:
A loosely woven cotton gauze, originally used to wrap cheese, but now used for various culinary tasks and by farmers to shade crops and keep birds off.


lexentry: eng/cheetah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cheetah
trans_list: gepard
sense:
(cat) A distinctive member (Acinonyx jubatus) of the cat family, slightly smaller than the leopard, but with proportionately longer limbs and a smaller head; native to Africa and southeast Asia (where it is nearly extinct) and also credited with being the fastest terrestrial animal.


lexentry: eng/chef's_knife__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chef's knife
trans_list: nóż kucharski
sense:
A type of general purpose kitchen knife used for food preparation, typically measuring eight inches by one and a half inches.


lexentry: eng/chelicera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chelicera
trans_list: szczękoczułek
sense:
(zoology) Either of the prehensile claws found on the proboscis of chelicerates (horseshoe crabs, sea spiders and arachnids).


lexentry: eng/chelone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chelone
trans_list: żółwik
sense:
(botany) Chelone, a genus of four species of perennial herbaceous plants that are native to eastern North America.


lexentry: eng/chemical_castration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical castration
trans_list: kastracja chemiczna
sense:
A medical treatment using an anaphrodisiacal hormonal drug to inhibit the function of a man's testes, intended to have the same effect on the sex drive as surgical castration. It is typically used on sex offenders as a punishment and/or preventative measure, or on people wishing to undergo male-to-female transsexualism.


lexentry: eng/chemical_composition__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical composition
trans_list: skład chemiczny
sense:
(physical chemistry) The identities, and relative numbers, of the elements that make up any particular compound


lexentry: eng/chemical_compound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical compound
trans_list: związek chemiczny
sense:
(chemistry) Any substance formed by the union of two or more chemical elements in a fixed ratio, the union being a chemical bond.


lexentry: eng/chemical_element__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chemical element
trans_list: pierwiastek chemiczny
sense:
(chemistry) A chemical substance made entirely of one such type of atom; any one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction or by any chemical means and made up of atoms all having the same number of protons.


lexentry: eng/chemical_physics__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical physics
trans_list: fizyka chemiczna
sense:
(physical chemistry) The science that studies chemical processes and phenomena from the point of view of physics.


lexentry: eng/chemical_reaction__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemical reaction
trans_list: reakcja chemiczna
sense:
(chemistry) A process, typically involving the breaking or making of interatomic bonds, in which one or more substances are changed into others.


lexentry: eng/chemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chemistry
trans_list: chemia
sense:
(uncountable) The branch of natural science that deals with the composition and constitution of substances and the changes that they undergo as a consequence of alterations in the constitution of their molecules.


lexentry: eng/chemistry__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chemistry
trans_list: chemio- | chemo-
sense:
(medicine, countable, informal, sometimes, proscribed) A blood test to measure the amount of various components of the serum (such as electrolytes, creatinine, and glucose).


lexentry: eng/chemotherapy__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chemotherapy
trans_list: chemioterapia | chemoterapia
sense:
(oncology, most common usage) chemical treatment to kill or halt the replication and/or spread of cancerous cells in a patient.


lexentry: eng/chernozem__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chernozem
trans_list: czarnoziem
sense:
(soil science) A fertile black soil containing a very high percentage of humus (3% to 15%) and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia.


lexentry: eng/cherry-pick__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry-pick
trans_list: wybierać najlepsze rzeczy | wybrać najlepsze rzeczy
sense:
(idiomatic) To pick out the best or most desirable items from a list or group, especially to obtain some advantage or to present something in the best possible light.


lexentry: eng/cherry-pick__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cherry-pick
trans_list: wybierać obserwacje pasujące do tezy | wybrać obserwacje pasujące do tezy
sense:
(rhetoric, logic, by extension) To select only evidence which supports an argument, and reject or ignore contradictory evidence.


lexentry: eng/cherry-pick__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cherry-pick
trans_list: ustawiać się w pobliżu bramki przeciwnika | ustawić się w pobliżu bramki przeciwnika
sense:
(US, idiomatic, sports) To position oneself near the opponent's goal to attempt to receive an errant or intentional pass for an easy score, as in basketball or versions of soccer where offsides are not enforced.


lexentry: eng/cherry_laurel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry laurel
trans_list: laurowiśnia
sense:
An evergreen cherry in the section Prunus sect. Laurocerasus, some of which are cultivated as ornamentals.


lexentry: eng/cherry_laurel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry laurel
trans_list: laurowiśnia
sense:
Prunus laurocerasus, an evergreen shrub, native to regions bordering the Black Sea in southwestern Asia.


lexentry: eng/cherry_picking__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry picking
trans_list: wybiórcze podejście
sense:
The selection of desirable items and rejection of undesirable ones in order to obtain an advantage or present something in the best possible light.


lexentry: eng/cherry_plum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry plum
trans_list: ałycza | śliwa wiśniowa
sense:
Prunus cerasifera, a deciduous ornamental Eurasian shrub or small tree, having white flowers and small red to yellow edible fruits.


lexentry: eng/cherry_tree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherry tree
trans_list: czereśnia | wiśnia
sense:
A tree of the subgenus Prunus subg. Cerasus, the members of which are valued agriculturally for their fruit, the cherry, and the wood of the tree, cherrywood, used in woodworking.


lexentry: eng/cherrywood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherrywood
trans_list: czereśnia
sense:
A hardwood obtained from the cherry tree, valued for use in furniture and other woodworking applications.


lexentry: eng/chert__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chert
trans_list: rogowiec
sense:
(geology, uncountable) Massive, usually dull-colored and opaque, quartzite, hornstone, impure chalcedony, or other flint-like mineral.


lexentry: eng/cherub__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cherub
trans_list: cherub | cherubin
sense:
(biblical) A winged creature attending God and guarding his throne described as a being with four faces (man, lion, ox, and eagle), human hands, calf hooves, four wings, and many eyes. A description can be found in Ezekiel chapter 1 and Ezekiel chapter 10; similar to a lamassu (winged bull with a human torso) in the pre-exilic texts of the Hebrew Bible, more humanoid in later texts.


lexentry: eng/chervonets__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chervonets
trans_list: czerwoniec
sense:
Any of several former currencies of Russia: applied to various foreign gold coins prior to the reign of Peter I of Russia, then to a Russian gold coin of 1701-1757, and finally to a 1922 currency of the Soviet Union.


lexentry: eng/chess__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chess
trans_list: szachy
sense:
A board game for two players, each beginning with sixteen chess pieces moving according to fixed rules across a chessboard with the objective to checkmate the opposing king.


lexentry: eng/chess_clock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chess clock
trans_list: zegar szachowy
sense:
A device consisting of two clocks and a switch for running one at a time, used in chess and other games to measure how much time each player takes.


lexentry: eng/chessboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chessboard
trans_list: szachownica
sense:
(chess) The square board used in the game of chess, subdivided into eight rows of eight squares each, the squares in each row and column being of alternating colours.


lexentry: eng/chest__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chest
trans_list: klatka piersiowa | pierś
sense:
(anatomy) The portion of the human body from the base of the neck to the top of the abdomen; the homologous area in some other animals.


lexentry: eng/chest_of_drawers__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chest of drawers
trans_list: komoda
sense:
A piece of furniture which has multiple parallel, horizontal drawers stacked one above the other, used mainly for the storage of clean clothes.


lexentry: eng/chest_voice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chest voice
trans_list: rejestr piersiowy
sense:
(phonology, music) A kind of voice of a medium or low pitch and a sonorous quality ascribed to resonance in the chest, or thorax; voice of the thick register. It is produced by vibration of the vocal cords through their entire width and thickness, and with convex surfaces presented to each other.


lexentry: eng/chest_wall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chest wall
trans_list: klatka piersiowa
sense:
(medicine) The set of tissues that bound the thoracic cavity, including the rib cage, fascia, muscles etc.


lexentry: eng/chevron__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chevron
trans_list: szewron
sense:
A V-shaped pattern; used in architecture, and as an insignia of military or police rank, on the sleeve.


lexentry: eng/chevron__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chevron
trans_list: szewron
sense:
(chiefly, British) One of the V-shaped markings on the surface of roads used to indicate minimum distances between vehicles.


lexentry: eng/chevrotain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chevrotain
trans_list: kanczyl
sense:
Any of several small hornless ruminants of the family Tragulidae, native to tropical rainforests of South and Southeast Asia, and Central and West Africa.


lexentry: eng/chew__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chew
trans_list: żuć | przeżuwać
sense:
To crush with the teeth by repeated closing and opening of the jaws; done to food to soften it and break it down by the action of saliva before it is swallowed.


lexentry: eng/chew_the_cud__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chew the cud
trans_list: przeżuwać | myśleć | pomyśleć | przeżuć | zastanawiać się | zastanowić się
sense:
(figuratively, idiomatic, of a person) To meditate or ponder before answering; to be deep in thought; to ruminate.


lexentry: eng/chew_the_scenery__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chew the scenery
trans_list: odegrać przesadnie | odgrywać przesadnie
sense:
(idiomatic, performing arts) To display excessive emotion or to act in an exaggerated manner while performing; to be melodramatic; to be flamboyant.


lexentry: eng/chewing_tobacco__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chewing tobacco
trans_list: tytoń do żucia | żujka
sense:
(US, dated) Tobacco that is cut into strips or shreds, and chewed and then tucked between the cheek and the gum.


lexentry: eng/chi-square_test__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chi-square test
trans_list: test chi-kwadrat
sense:
(mathematics) any statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic has a chi-square distribution if the null hypothesis is true


lexentry: eng/chi__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chi
trans_list: chi
sense:
(philosophy, mysticism) A life force in traditional Chinese philosophy, culture, medicine, etc, related (but not limited) to breath and circulation.


lexentry: eng/chia_seed__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chia seed
trans_list: nasiona chia
sense:
An edible seed of Salvia hispanica, a flowering plant in the mint family native to Central America, or of the related Salvia columbariae of southwestern United States and Mexico.


lexentry: eng/chiaroscuro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiaroscuro
trans_list: światłocień | chiaroscuro
sense:
(painting) An artistic technique developed during the Renaissance, referring to the use of strong contrasts between light and dark in order to create the illusion of volume.


lexentry: eng/chicane__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chicane
trans_list: szykana
sense:
(motor racing) A sharp double bend on a racecourse, designed to prevent unsafe speeds; an obstacle creating a curve. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/chick_flick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chick flick
trans_list: babski film
sense:
(colloquial, informal, somewhat, derogatory) A film, typically about romance, which is generally more popular with women than men.


lexentry: eng/chickaree__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chickaree
trans_list: sosnowiórka
sense:
(North America) A small squirrel, one of the species of Tamiasciurus, that lives in evergreen forests of North America.


lexentry: eng/chicken_out__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chicken out
trans_list: stchórzyć | tchórzyć
sense:
(idiomatic) To shy away from a daring task; to decline, refuse, or avoid something due to fear or uncertainty.


lexentry: eng/chickenhawk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chickenhawk
trans_list: błotniak
sense:
Any of the North American hawk species (Cooper's hawk, sharp-shinned hawk and red-tailed hawk), or counterparts elsewhere, mistakenly believed to be pests.


lexentry: eng/chickling_vetch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chickling vetch
trans_list: groszek siewny
sense:
A plant with edible seeds similar to peas and chickpeas of species Lathyrus sativus, used as a famine food but causing lathyrism if eaten in large amounts or over a long time.


lexentry: eng/chicory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chicory
trans_list: cykoria
sense:
(chiefly, Britain) Common chicory (Cichorium intybus), source of Belgian endive, radicchio, and certain other cultivars with other names.


lexentry: eng/chief_executive_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chief executive officer
trans_list: dyrektor zarządzający | dyrektor generalny | prezes
sense:
(business) The highest-ranking corporate officer or executive officer of a corporation, company, or agency, responsible for carrying out the policies of the board of directors on a day-to-day basis; CEO.


lexentry: eng/chief_information_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chief information officer
trans_list: kierownik do spraw informatyki
sense:
An executive who is in charge of the technical affairs of a business, notably as head of the information technology department, typically directly under the chief executive officer and/or the board.


lexentry: eng/chief_operating_officer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chief operating officer
trans_list: dyrektor operacyjny
sense:
(business) A corporate officer of a corporation, company, or agency, responsible for executing decisions of the chief executive officer (CEO) according to their decided schedule.


lexentry: eng/chiffchaff__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiffchaff
trans_list: pierwiosnek
sense:
A small, common warbler, Phylloscopus collybita, with yellowish-green plumage that breeds throughout northern and temperate Europe and Asia.


lexentry: eng/chiffon__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiffon
trans_list: szyfon
sense:
A lightweight, balanced plain-woven sheer fabric, or gauze, like gossamer, woven of alternate S- and Z-twist crepe (high-twist) yarns made of silk, polyester, or cotton.


lexentry: eng/chilblain__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chilblain
trans_list: odmrozina
sense:
An itchy purple red inflammation of the skin, especially of the hands, feet and ears, occurring when capillaries below the skin are damaged by exposure to cold weather (but do not freeze, which would lead to frostbite instead).


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: child
trans_list: dziecko | dziecię
sense:
(with possessive) One's direct descendant by birth, regardless of age; one's offspring; a son or daughter.


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: child
trans_list: dziecko
sense:
(computing) A data item, process, or object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another.


lexentry: eng/child__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: child
trans_list: dziecko
sense:
A person considered a product of a place or culture, a member of a tribe or culture, regardless of age.


lexentry: eng/child_labour__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child labour
trans_list: praca dzieci
sense:
(British spelling, Canadian spelling) Work performed by a minor that is prohibited by statute law, or under terms and conditions considered inhumane.


lexentry: eng/child_molester__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child molester
trans_list: pedofil
sense:
(criminology) Someone who has committed an act of child molestation; someone who has sexually abused a minor.


lexentry: eng/child_prostitution__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child prostitution
trans_list: dziecięca prostytucja
sense:
The use of a child by others for sexual activities in return for remuneration or any other form of consideration.


lexentry: eng/child_safety_seat__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child safety seat
trans_list: fotelik samochodowy | fotelik | fotelik dziecięcy
sense:
A detachable seat intended to provide additional safety to infants and young children when riding in automobiles, now frequently mandated by law.


lexentry: eng/child_support__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: child support
trans_list: alimenty
sense:
(legal) The ongoing obligation for a periodic payment made directly or indirectly by an obligor, usually the noncustodial parent, to an obligee, usually the custodial parent or other guardian, for the financial care and support of children of a relationship or marriage that has been terminated, or which never existed.


lexentry: eng/children's_home__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: children's home
trans_list: dom dziecka
sense:
A public institution for the care and protection of children whose parents have died or can no longer care for them.


lexentry: eng/chili__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chili
trans_list: chili
sense:
(countable) The pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking.


lexentry: eng/chili_pepper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chili pepper
trans_list: papryka chili
sense:
Any fruit of a plant of the botanical genus Capsicum, which contains capsaicin and typically has a spicy or burning flavor.


lexentry: eng/chiliasm__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiliasm
trans_list: chiliazm | millenaryzm
sense:
Belief in an earthly thousand-year period of peace and prosperity, sometimes equated with the return of Jesus for that period.


lexentry: eng/chimaera__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chimaera
trans_list: chimera | przeraza
sense:
A cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin


lexentry: eng/chime__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chime
trans_list: kurant
sense:
(musical instruments) A musical instrument producing a sound when struck, similar to a bell (e.g. a tubular metal bar) or actually a bell. Often used in the plural to refer to the set: the chimes.


lexentry: eng/chime__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chime
trans_list: błahy
sense:
(transitive) To cause to sound in harmony; to play a tune, as upon a set of bells; to move or strike in harmony.


lexentry: eng/chimera__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: chimera
trans_list: chimera | przeraza
sense:
(zoology) , a cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin.


lexentry: eng/chimney__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimney
trans_list: komin | dymnik
sense:
A vertical tube or hollow column used to emit environmentally polluting gaseous and solid matter (including but not limited to by-products of burning carbon- or hydrocarbon-based fuels); a flue.


lexentry: eng/chimney_stack__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimney stack
trans_list: komin
sense:
(architectural element) A vertical structure, normally of brick, rising from a roof, containing one or more flues, each one terminating in a chimney pot.


lexentry: eng/chimney_swift__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimney swift
trans_list: kominiarczyk amerykański
sense:
A rapid-flying bird that feeds on flying insects, Chaetura pelagica, with a breeding range in the eastern US extending into Canada and winter range in northwestern South America.


lexentry: eng/chimpanzee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chimpanzee
trans_list: szympans | szympans zwyczajny
sense:
Pan troglodytes, a species of great ape native to the savannas and forests of Africa, and believed by biologists to be the closest extant relative to humans along with the bonobo.


lexentry: eng/chimpanzee__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chimpanzee
trans_list: szympans
sense:
(broadly) A member of the genus Pan, including the bonobo which was formerly known as the pygmy chimpanzee.


lexentry: eng/chinchilla__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chinchilla
trans_list: szynszyla
sense:
(countable) A small, crepuscular rodent of the genus Chinchilla, native to the Andes Mountains, prized for their very soft fur and often kept as pets.


lexentry: eng/chingadera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chingadera
trans_list: chujowizna
sense:
(US, vulgar, Spanglish) A miscellaneous object for which one does not know, or has forgotten, its proper name; a doohickey, contraption, thingamabob, or widget.


lexentry: eng/chip__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: chip
trans_list: lob
sense:
(sports, _, such as soccer) A shot during which the ball travels more predominantly upwards than in a regular shot, as to clear an obstacle.


lexentry: eng/chipmunk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chipmunk
trans_list: pręgowiec
sense:
Any of the subtribe Tamiina of small, striped rodents; they are found in North America, with the exception of the Siberian chipmunk which is found primarily in Asia.


lexentry: eng/chipper__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chipper
trans_list: niszczarka
sense:
(in particular, US) A machine that reduces organic matter to compost; depending on size, whole tree trunks are reduced to sawdust; a woodchipper.


lexentry: eng/chipset__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chipset
trans_list: chipset
sense:
(computing) A group of integrated circuits that are designed to work together, and are usually marketed as a single product.


lexentry: eng/chiral__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiral
trans_list: chiralny
sense:
(geometry, physical chemistry) that exhibits chirality; as in the left-handed and right-handed versions of a helix, or a molecule with L- and D- stereoisomers.


lexentry: eng/chirality__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chirality
trans_list: chiralność
sense:
The phenomenon, in chemistry, physics and mathematics, in which objects are mirror images of each other, but are otherwise identical; handedness.


lexentry: eng/chiropractic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiropractic
trans_list: chiropraktyka
sense:
(alternative medicine) A system of health care involving manipulation of the spinal column and other body structures, for the purpose of alleviating neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction.


lexentry: eng/chirp__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chirp
trans_list: świergotać
sense:
(intransitive) To make a short, sharp, cheerful note, as of small birds or crickets; to chitter; to twitter.


lexentry: eng/chisel__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chisel
trans_list: dłuto | przecinak
sense:
A cutting tool used to remove parts of stone, wood or metal by pushing or pounding the back when the sharp edge is against the material. It consists of a slim, oblong block of metal with a sharp wedge or bevel formed on one end and sometimes a handle at the other end; there are hand tool versions (the original type) and versions as bits for power tools.


lexentry: eng/chisel__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: chisel
trans_list: cyzelować | wycyzelować
sense:
(ambitransitive, informal) To beg or pressure somebody into giving up (something); to haggle excessively; to cheat; to obtain something from (someone) by cheating.


lexentry: eng/chitin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chitin
trans_list: chityna
sense:
(carbohydrate) A complex polysaccharide, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and in the cell walls of fungi; thought to be responsible for some forms of asthma in humans.


lexentry: eng/chiton__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chiton
trans_list: chiton
sense:
Any of various rock-clinging marine molluscs of the class Polyplacophora, including the genus Chiton.


lexentry: eng/chivalry__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chivalry
trans_list: rycerskość
sense:
The ethical code of the knight prevalent in Medieval Europe, having such primary virtues as mercy towards the poor and oppressed, humility, honour, sacrifice, fear of God, faithfulness, courage and courtesy to ladies.


lexentry: eng/chlamydia__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlamydia
trans_list: chlamydia
sense:
(uncountable) Any of several common, often asymptomatic, sexually transmitted diseases caused by the microorganism Chlamydia trachomatis.


lexentry: eng/chlamys__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlamys
trans_list: chlamida
sense:
(historical) A short poncho-like cloak caught up on the shoulder, worn by hunters, soldiers, and horsemen in Ancient Greece.


lexentry: eng/chloric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloric
trans_list: chlorowy
sense:
(chemistry) Of a compound, containing chlorine with a higher oxidation number than equivalent chlorous compounds; especially having an oxidation number of 5.


lexentry: eng/chloric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloric acid
trans_list: kwas chlorowy
sense:
(chemistry) A strong acid, HClO3, known only in solution and as its chlorate salts; a powerful oxidizing agent.


lexentry: eng/chlorinate__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorinate
trans_list: chlorować
sense:
(transitive, chemistry) To add chlorine to (something, especially water, to purify it; or an auriferous substance, to extract gold from it).


lexentry: eng/chlorine_dioxide__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorine dioxide
trans_list: dwutlenek chloru
sense:
(inorganic compound) a reddish-yellow explosive gas, ClO2, used as a water disinfectant and to bleach flour and wood pulp


lexentry: eng/chlorite__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorite
trans_list: chloryt
sense:
(mineral) A dark green mineral resembling serpentine, being a mixed silicate of magnesium, iron and aluminium.


lexentry: eng/chloroform__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloroform
trans_list: chloroform
sense:
(organic compound) A halogenated hydrocarbon, trichloromethane, CHCl3; it is a volatile, sweet-smelling liquid, used extensively as a solvent and formerly as an anesthetic.


lexentry: eng/chlorophyll__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorophyll
trans_list: chlorofil
sense:
(biochemistry) Any of a group of green pigments that are found in the chloroplasts of plants and in other photosynthetic organisms such as cyanobacteria.


lexentry: eng/chloroplast__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chloroplast
trans_list: chloroplast
sense:
(cytology) An organelle, found in the cells of green plants and in photosynthetic algae, where photosynthesis takes place, characterized by a high concentration of chlorophyll and two membranes.


lexentry: eng/chlorosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chlorosis
trans_list: chloroza | bladaczka | blednica
sense:
(medicine, countable) An anaemia, due to deficiency of iron, characterized by a yellow-green coloration of the skin.


lexentry: eng/choanocyte__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choanocyte
trans_list: choanocyt | komórka kołnierzykowa
sense:
(cytology) any of the cells in sponges that contain a flagellum, and are used to control the movement of water


lexentry: eng/choanoflagellate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choanoflagellate
trans_list: wiciowiec kołnierzykowy
sense:
(biology) Any of a group of flagellate protozoa, of the class Choanoflagellatea, thought to be the closest unicellular ancestors of animals.


lexentry: eng/chock__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chock
trans_list: klin
sense:
Any object used as a wedge or filler, especially when placed behind a wheel to prevent it from rolling.


lexentry: eng/chocolate__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: chocolate
trans_list: czekolada
sense:
(uncountable) A dark, reddish-brown colour/color, like that of chocolate (also called chocolate brown).


lexentry: eng/chocolate_bar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chocolate bar
trans_list: tabliczka czekolady
sense:
A flat slab of chocolate, usually oblong in shape, which can be broken into smaller segments when being eaten, either solid or with a filling such as nuts or caramel.


lexentry: eng/chocolate_milk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chocolate milk
trans_list: kakao
sense:
A sweetened cocoa-flavored drink, typically created by mixing chocolate syrup or chocolate powder with milk, and typically served cold.


lexentry: eng/choir__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: choir
trans_list: chór
sense:
(architecture) Uncommon form of quire (“one quarter of a cruciform church, or the architectural area of a church used by the choir, often near the apse”).


lexentry: eng/choke__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choke
trans_list: dusić | dławić | krztusić | udusić | zadławić | zakrztusić
sense:
(intransitive) To be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe (for instance food or other objects that go down the wrong way, or fumes or particles in the air that cause the throat to constrict).


lexentry: eng/chokeberry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chokeberry
trans_list: aronia
sense:
Either of two species in Aronia, formerly and sometimes in Photinia, deciduous shrubs, native to Russia and eastern North America and most commonly found in wet woods and swamps.


lexentry: eng/chokehold__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chokehold
trans_list: duszenie
sense:
(martial arts, wrestling) A grappling hold around a person's neck, especially one in which the neck is grasped tightly from behind with an arm, cutting off the flow of blood to the brain and restricting breathing.


lexentry: eng/chokehold__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chokehold
trans_list: dusić
sense:
(transitive) To put a hold around the neck of (someone), especially one in which the neck is grasped tightly from behind with an arm.


lexentry: eng/choker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choker
trans_list: choker
sense:
(fashion) A piece of jewelry or ornamental fabric, worn as a necklace or neckerchief, tight to the throat.


lexentry: eng/cholera__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cholera
trans_list: cholera
sense:
(pathology) Any of several acute infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals, caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.


lexentry: eng/cholesterol__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cholesterol
trans_list: cholesterol
sense:
(biochemistry) A sterol lipid synthesized by the liver and transported in the bloodstream to the membranes of all animal cells; it plays a central role in many biochemical processes and, as a lipoprotein that coats the walls of blood vessels, is associated with cardiovascular disease.


lexentry: eng/choline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choline
trans_list: cholina
sense:
(organic compound) A hydroxy quaternary ammonium compound with formula (CH3)3N+CH2CH2OHX−. It is an essential nutrient for cardiovascular and brain health and for cell membrane formation.


lexentry: eng/chop_suey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chop suey
trans_list: chop suey
sense:
(US, Philippines, AU) A stir-fried vegetable dish, served with pieces of beef or pork in a semi-thick sauce, and often soy sauce.


lexentry: eng/chop_suey__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chop suey
trans_list: chop suey
sense:
(Canada, and, British) Steamed bean sprouts served in a semi-thick sauce, and mixed with a choice of meat and/or vegetables.


lexentry: eng/chopstick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chopstick
trans_list: pałeczka
sense:
(usually, in the plural) An East Asian eating utensil usually used as a pair and held in one hand to grip pieces of food or occasionally to mix liquids or scoop up small pieces of food. The utensil is a stick, usually made of wood and measuring approximately 23cm (10 inches) in length.


lexentry: eng/chord__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chord
trans_list: cięciwa
sense:
(rail) A section of subsidiary railway track that interconnects two primary tracks that cross at different levels, to permit traffic to flow between them.


lexentry: eng/chordate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chordate
trans_list: strunowiec
sense:
A member of the phylum Chordata; numerous animals having a notochord at some stage of their development; in vertebrates this develops into the spine.


lexentry: eng/chordophone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chordophone
trans_list: instrument strunowy
sense:
(musical instrument) Any musical instrument that produces sound from one or more vibrating strings; a string instrument.


lexentry: eng/chorea__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chorea
trans_list: pląsawica
sense:
(pathology) Any of the various diseases of the nervous system characterized by involuntary muscular movements of the face and extremities; St. Vitus's dance.


lexentry: eng/choreography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choreography
trans_list: choreografia
sense:
(by extension, figurative) The art of creating and arranging any activities that involve social coordination or orchestration.


lexentry: eng/choreography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choreography
trans_list: choreografia
sense:
(uncountable) The art of creating, arranging and recording the dance movements of a work, such as a ballet.


lexentry: eng/chorion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chorion
trans_list: kosmówka
sense:
(anatomy, biology) The protective and nutritive membrane in higher vertebrates that attaches the fetus to the uterus.


lexentry: eng/chorizo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chorizo
trans_list: chorizo
sense:
A spicy Spanish sausage flavoured with paprika, often crumbled for use in filling tacos, quesadillas, etc.


lexentry: eng/chorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chorus
trans_list: chór
sense:
A group of singers and dancers in a theatrical performance or religious festival who commented on the main performance in speech or song.


lexentry: eng/chorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chorus
trans_list: chór
sense:
A group of singers performing together; a choir; specifically, such a group singing together in a musical, an opera, etc., as distinct from the soloists; an ensemble.


lexentry: eng/chorus__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: chorus
trans_list: chórek
sense:
(often, attributively) A feature or setting in electronic music that makes one instrument sound like many.


lexentry: eng/chosen_one__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chosen one
trans_list: wybraniec
sense:
(informal, authorship) A character in a narrative work who is predestined to save the world or accomplish some other grand and heroic deed; one who is predestined to become the one.


lexentry: eng/chough__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chough
trans_list: wrończyk
sense:
Either of two species of bird of the genus Pyrrhocorax in the crow family Corvidae that breed mainly in high mountains and on coastal sea cliffs of Eurasia.


lexentry: eng/chough__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chough
trans_list: skałowron
sense:
The white-winged chough, of genus Corcorax in the Australian mud-nest builders family, Corcoracidae, that inhabits dry woodlands.


lexentry: eng/choux_pastry__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: choux pastry
trans_list: ciasto parzone
sense:
A type of light pastry (made just from butter, water, flour and eggs) that is used to make profiteroles, éclairs, chouquettes, etc.


lexentry: eng/chrism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrism
trans_list: krzyżmo
sense:
A mixture of oil and balm, consecrated for use as an anointing fluid in certain Christian ceremonies, especially confirmation.


lexentry: eng/chrismation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrismation
trans_list: chryzmacja | miropomazanie
sense:
(ecclesiastical) The sacrament of applying chrism to complete baptism in the Orthodox and Eastern Catholic churches.


lexentry: eng/chromakey__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromakey
trans_list: blue box
sense:
(television, cinema) The use of a particular color, usually either green or blue) as a key in a studio in order to allow one image to be seamlessly partially superimposed upon another.


lexentry: eng/chromatic__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chromatic
trans_list: chromatyczny
sense:
Relating to or using notes not belonging to the diatonic scale of the key in which a passage of music is written.


lexentry: eng/chromatic_aberration__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromatic aberration
trans_list: aberracja chromatyczna
sense:
(optics) An optical aberration in which an image has coloured fringes, caused by differential refraction of light of different wavelengths.


lexentry: eng/chromatin__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromatin
trans_list: chromatyna
sense:
(biology) A complex of DNA, RNA and proteins within the cell nucleus out of which chromosomes condense during cell division.


lexentry: eng/chromatography__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromatography
trans_list: chromatografia
sense:
(analytical chemistry) Any of various techniques for the qualitative or quantitative separation of the components of mixtures of compounds; all characterized by the use of a mobile phase (gas or liquid) moving relative to a stationary phase (liquid or solid) – the differences between the rates of migration of the compounds between the two phases affect the separation.


lexentry: eng/chromium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromium
trans_list: chrom
sense:
A chemical element (symbol Cr) with an atomic number of 24: a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal.


lexentry: eng/chromosome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromosome
trans_list: chromosom
sense:
(cytology, genetics) A linear arrangement of condensed DNA and associated proteins (such as chaperone proteins) which contains the genetic material (genome) of an organism.


lexentry: eng/chromosphere__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chromosphere
trans_list: chromosfera
sense:
(star) The faint pink extension of a star's atmospheric envelope between the corona and the photosphere


lexentry: eng/chroneme__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chroneme
trans_list: chronem
sense:
A basic, theoretical unit of sound that can distinguish words by duration only of a vowel or consonant.


lexentry: eng/chronic_fatigue_syndrome__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronic fatigue syndrome
trans_list: zespół chronicznego zmęczenia
sense:
(pathology) A condition characterized by immune, endocrine and neurologic pathology whose main symptoms are extreme fatigue, extremely low stamina, muscle pain, lymph node swelling, postexertional malaise, and cognitive difficulties.


lexentry: eng/chronic_wasting_disease__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronic wasting disease
trans_list: przewlekła choroba wyniszczająca
sense:
(veterinary, pathology) A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy found in deer, typified by chronic weight loss leading to death.


lexentry: eng/chronobiology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronobiology
trans_list: biorytmologia | chronobiologia
sense:
(biology) The study of the effects of time on biological systems, especially the effects of periodicity


lexentry: eng/chronogram__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chronogram
trans_list: chronostych
sense:
A sentence or inscription whose letters, when interpreted according to a system (such as Roman numerals) in which letters correspond to numeric values, stand for a particular date (usually the date of inscription) when rearranged.


lexentry: eng/chronological__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chronological
trans_list: chronologiczny
sense:
(films, shows, books, etc) Relating to the arrangement of events in the order in which they occur within a story, rather than the order in which they are released.


lexentry: eng/chronology__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chronology
trans_list: chronologia
sense:
(countable) An arrangement of events into chronological order; called a timeline when involving graphical elements.


lexentry: eng/chrononormativity__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrononormativity
trans_list: heteronormatywność
sense:
the use of time to organize individuals toward maximum productivity; for example, the appropriate time range to start working, have children, or to retire.


lexentry: eng/chrysalis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrysalis
trans_list: poczwarka
sense:
The pupa of a butterfly or moth, particularly bare and hanging or girdled, as opposed to enclosed in a cocoon, in which metamorphosis takes place.


lexentry: eng/chrysanthemum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrysanthemum
trans_list: złocień | chryzantema | jastrun | jastruń
sense:
Any of many flowering perennial plants, of the genus Chrysanthemum, native to China, that have showy radiate heads.


lexentry: eng/chrysoberyl__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chrysoberyl
trans_list: chryzoberyl
sense:
(mineral) A vitreous mineral, often pale green, a mixed oxide of aluminium and beryllium with the chemical formula BeAl2O4, used as a gemstone.


lexentry: eng/chthonian_planet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chthonian planet
trans_list: planeta chtoniczna
sense:
(astronomy) A hypothetical type of planet resulting from the atmosphere and outer layers of a gas giant being stripped away, leaving the rocky, metallic core.


lexentry: eng/chuck__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chuck
trans_list: uchwyt | zacisk
sense:
(mechanical engineering) A mechanical device that holds an object firmly in place, for example holding a drill bit in a high-speed rotating drill or grinder.


lexentry: eng/chuck_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: chuck up
trans_list: rzygać
sense:
(dated, transitive and intransitive) To chuck up the sponge; to give up; to admit defeat; to break a contract; to abandon or quit (something).


lexentry: eng/chufa__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chufa
trans_list: cibora
sense:
Cyperus esculentus, a species of sedge native to warm temperate to subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere having small edible tubers (tiger nuts).


lexentry: eng/chum__Noun__2
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chum
trans_list: chum
sense:
(fishing, chiefly, North America) A mixture of (frequently rancid) fish parts and blood, dumped into the water as groundbait to attract predator fish, such as sharks.


lexentry: eng/chum_up__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chum up
trans_list: kumplować się
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) To be friendly toward (with or to) someone, especially in an ingratiating way; to form a friendship (with).


lexentry: eng/chunk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chunk
trans_list: część
sense:
A part of something that has been separated; a generally squat, thick, irregular piece of something, e.g. wood or stone.


lexentry: eng/chunk__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: chunk
trans_list: fragment
sense:
(computing) A discrete segment of a file, stream, etc. (especially one that represents audiovisual media); a block.


lexentry: eng/chupacabras__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chupacabras
trans_list: chupacabra
sense:
(cryptozoology) A legendary creature in the folklore of parts of the Americas dating from the 1990s, supposed to attack and drink the blood of livestock, especially goats.


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: church
trans_list: kościół | cerkiew | zbór
sense:
(countable, Christianity) A Christian house of worship; a building where Christian religious services take place. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: church
trans_list: kościół | wspólnota
sense:
(countable) A local group of people who follow the same Christian religious beliefs, local or general. [from 9th c.]


lexentry: eng/church__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: church
trans_list: kościół | cerkiew
sense:
(uncountable) Organized religion in general or a specific religion considered as a political institution.


lexentry: eng/church_bell__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: church bell
trans_list: dzwon kościelny
sense:
A bell belonging to a church, usually housed in a tower or steeple, customarily rung before church services or for other occasions such as weddings.


lexentry: eng/church_service__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: church service
trans_list: nabożeństwo
sense:
A formalized period of communal worship, often but not exclusively occurring on Sunday, or Saturday in the case of those churches practicing Sabbatarianism.


lexentry: eng/churchkhela__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: churchkhela
trans_list: czurczchela
sense:
A traditional sausage-shaped candy originating from Georgia and made from grape must, nuts and flour.


lexentry: eng/churn__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: churn
trans_list: burzyć | ubijać | ubić | zburzyć
sense:
(transitive) To agitate rapidly and repetitively, or to stir with a rowing or rocking motion; generally applies to liquids, notably cream.


lexentry: eng/chute__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chute
trans_list: zjeżdżalnia
sense:
A framework, trough, or tube, upon or through which objects are made to slide from a higher to a lower level, or through which water passes to a wheel.


lexentry: eng/chutney__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chutney
trans_list: ćatni | czatnej | gąszcz
sense:
A sweet or savory but usually spicy condiment, originally from eastern India, made from a variety of fruits and/or vegetables, often containing significant amounts of fresh green or dried red chili peppers. [from 1813]


lexentry: eng/chutzpah__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: chutzpah
trans_list: hucpa | bezczelność | kpina
sense:
(informal) Nearly arrogant courage; utter audacity, effrontery or impudence; supreme self-confidence; exaggerated self-opinion.


lexentry: eng/cicada__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicada
trans_list: cykada
sense:
Any of several insects in the superfamily Cicadoidea, with small eyes wide apart on the head and transparent well-veined wings.


lexentry: eng/cicero__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicero
trans_list: cycero
sense:
(typography, Continental, _, printing) The Continental equivalent of the English pica: a measure of 12 Didot points (4.51368 mm or about 0.178 in.) or a body of type in this size.


lexentry: eng/cicerone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicerone
trans_list: cicerone
sense:
A guide who accompanies visitors and sightseers to museums, galleries, etc., and explains matters of archaeological, antiquarian, historic or artistic interest.


lexentry: eng/cicisbeo__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cicisbeo
trans_list: cicisbeo
sense:
(now, chiefly, historical) A man who escorts a married woman to social functions, especially in 18th-century Italy; a married woman's lover.


lexentry: eng/cider__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cider
trans_list: cydr | napój gazowany z sokiem jabłkowym | sok jabłkowy
sense:
(US, Canada) A non-alcoholic still beverage consisting of the juice of early-harvest apples, usually unfiltered and still containing pulp; apple cider; sweet cider (without pulp such a beverage is called apple juice).


lexentry: eng/cigar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cigar
trans_list: cygaro
sense:
A cylinder of tobacco rolled and wrapped with an outer covering of tobacco leaves, intended to be smoked.


lexentry: eng/cigarette__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cigarette
trans_list: papieros | cygareta
sense:
A small cigar consisting of tobacco or another substance, wrapped up in a thin roll with paper, intended for smoking.


lexentry: eng/cilantro__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cilantro
trans_list: kolendra
sense:
(US) The stems and leaves of the coriander plant, Coriandrum sativum, used as a seasoning and garnish in cooking.


lexentry: eng/cilice__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cilice
trans_list: włosienica
sense:
A garment or undergarment made of coarse cloth or animal hair worn close to the skin used by members of various Christian traditions as a self-imposed means of penance (repentance) and mortification of the flesh.


lexentry: eng/cilium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cilium
trans_list: rzęska
sense:
(cytology) A short microscopic hairlike organelle projecting from a eukaryotic cell (such as a unicellular organism or one cell of a multicelled organism) which serve either for propulsion by causing currents in the surrounding fluid or as sensors.


lexentry: eng/cinchona__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinchona
trans_list: chinowiec
sense:
A tree or shrub of the genus Cinchona, native to the Andes in South America but since widely cultivated in Indonesia and India as well for its medicinal bark.


lexentry: eng/cinder__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinder
trans_list: oparzelina | zgorzelina
sense:
Partially or mostly burnt material that results from incomplete combustion of coal or wood etc.; it often rides the rising smoke column into the air, and it can pose a fire hazard when it lands, in dry conditions.


lexentry: eng/cinnabar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinnabar
trans_list: cynober
sense:
A deep red mineral, mercuric sulfide, HgS; the principal ore of mercury; such ore used as the pigment vermilion.


lexentry: eng/cinnabar__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cinnabar
trans_list: marzymłódka proporzec | proporzyca marzymłódka
sense:
(countable) A species of erebid moth, Tyria jacobaeae, having red patches on its predominantly black wings.


lexentry: eng/cinnamic_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cinnamic acid
trans_list: kwas cynamonowy
sense:
(carboxylic acid) The aromatic carboxylic acid C6H5-CH=CH-COOH obtained from cinnamon; it is used in perfumery etc


lexentry: eng/cinnamon__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cinnamon
trans_list: cynamonowiec | cynamon
sense:
Several related trees, notably the Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) and Chinese cinnamon or cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum or Cinnamomum cassia).


lexentry: eng/cinnamon__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cinnamon
trans_list: cynamon | cynamonowiec
sense:
(mostly, uncountable) A spice from the dried aromatic bark of the cinnamon tree, either rolled into strips or ground into a powder. The word is commonly used as trade name for spices made of any of the species above.


lexentry: eng/cipher__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: cipher
trans_list: szyfr
sense:
(cryptography) A cryptographic system using an algorithm that converts letters or sequences of bits into ciphertext.


lexentry: eng/circadian__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circadian
trans_list: całodobowy | dwudziestoczterogodzinny
sense:
(biology) Of, relating to, or showing rhythmic behaviour with a period of approximately 24 hours; especially of a biological process.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circle
trans_list: okrąg | krąg | koło
sense:
(geometry) A two-dimensional geometric figure, a line, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane that are equally distant from a given point (center).


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circle
trans_list: okrąg | krąg | koło
sense:
(colloquial) A two-dimensional geometric figure, a disk, consisting of the set of all those points of a plane at a distance less than or equal to a fixed distance (radius) from a given point.


lexentry: eng/circle__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: circle
trans_list: koło | okrąg
sense:
(astronomy) An instrument of observation, whose graduated limb consists of an entire circle. When fixed to a wall in an observatory, it is called a mural circle; when mounted with a telescope on an axis and in Y's, in the plane of the meridian, a meridian or transit circle; when involving the principle of reflection, like the sextant, a reflecting circle; and when that of repeating an angle several times continuously along the graduated limb, a repeating circle.


lexentry: eng/circle_jerk__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: circle jerk
sense:
(Internet slang) An environment (especially an online community) in which people express or validate a narrow set of ideas and feelings.

trans_list:
grupa wzajemnej adoracji | klub wzajemnej adoracji | kółko wzajemnej adoracji | towarzystwo wzajemnej adoracji


lexentry: eng/circuit_board__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circuit board
trans_list: płytka obwodu drukowanego
sense:
(electronics, computer hardware) A board on which electronic components and their interconnecting circuits are mounted or etched.


lexentry: eng/circuit_breaker__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circuit breaker
trans_list: bezpiecznik
sense:
(electricity) An electrical switch capable of opening and closing an electrical circuit in all operating conditions, including fault situations.


lexentry: eng/circular_argument__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circular argument
trans_list: błędne koło w rozumowaniu
sense:
(philosophy, logic) An argument which commits the logical fallacy of assuming what it is attempting to prove.


lexentry: eng/circular_economy__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circular economy
trans_list: gospodarka o obiegu zamkniętym
sense:
(economics) An industrial economy that aims to reduce waste and pollution by means of reuse, recycling, etc.


lexentry: eng/circular_firing_squad__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circular firing squad
trans_list: sytuacja, w której spory wewnątrz partii politycznej prowadzą do jej rozpadu
sense:
(idiomatic) A political party or other group experiencing considerable disarray because the members are engaging in internal disputes and mutual recrimination.


lexentry: eng/circular_segment__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circular segment
trans_list: odcinek
sense:
(geometry) A region of a circle bounded by an arc and the chord connecting the endpoints of the arc.


lexentry: eng/circulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circulation
trans_list: krążenie
sense:
The act of moving in a circle, or in a course which brings the moving body to the place where its motion began.


lexentry: eng/circulation__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: circulation
trans_list: ruch
sense:
(narrowly) The movement of the blood in the circulatory system, by which it is brought into close relations with the cells and tissues of the body; (loosely) the circulatory system.


lexentry: eng/circulatory_system__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circulatory system
trans_list: krwiobieg | układ krwionośny
sense:
(physiology) The parts of an animal body comprising the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and blood, which circulate the blood around the body. [from mid 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/circumcise__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: circumcise
trans_list: obrzezać | obrzezywać
sense:
(military, nautical, slang) To trim off the portion of the barrel liner of a large-caliber naval gun that protrudes from the end of the barrel as a result of the liner slowly stretching from prolonged fire.


lexentry: eng/circumfix__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circumfix
trans_list: okołorostek
sense:
(grammar) An affix containing both a prefixing and a suffixing element existing as a single morphological unit.


lexentry: eng/circumflex__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circumflex
trans_list: daszek
sense:
A diacritical mark (ˆ) placed over a vowel in the orthography or transliteration of many languages to change its pronunciation; while in some other languages over a consonant.


lexentry: eng/circumpolar__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circumpolar
trans_list: okołobiegunowy
sense:
(astronomy) Of a celestial body, continually visible above the horizon during the entire 360 degrees of daily travel.


lexentry: eng/circumscribe__Verb__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: circumscribe
trans_list: opisać | opisywać
sense:
(geometry) To draw the smallest circle or higher-dimensional sphere that has (a polyhedron, polygon, etc.) in its interior.


lexentry: eng/circumstantial__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: circumstantial
trans_list: indic
sense:
(law) Involving evidence that relies on inference to connect it to a conclusion of fact, thus, suggesting guilt but not directly proving it.


lexentry: eng/circus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: circus
trans_list: cyrk
sense:
A traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, clowns, trained animals, and other novelty acts, that gives shows usually in a circular tent. [from late 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/cirl_bunting__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirl bunting
trans_list: cierlik
sense:
A small Old World passerine bird, Emberiza cirlus, of the bunting family (Emberizidae), very similar to the yellowhammer.


lexentry: eng/cirque__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cirque
trans_list: cyrk lodowcowy | kar | kocioł
sense:
(geology) A curved depression or natural amphitheatre, especially one in a mountainside at the end of a valley.


lexentry: eng/cirrhosis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirrhosis
trans_list: marskość wątroby | marskość
sense:
(pathology) A chronic disease of the liver caused by damage from toxins (including alcohol), metabolic problems, hepatitis, or nutritional deprivation, characterised by an increase in fibrous tissue and the destruction of liver cells.


lexentry: eng/cirrocumulus__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cirrocumulus
trans_list: cirrocumulus | baranek
sense:
(physics, meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type appearing as a thin, white patch of cloud without shadows, composed of very small droplets in the form of grains or ripples. The elements may be merged or separate, and more or less regularly arranged; they subtend an angle of less than 1° when observed at an angle of more than 30° above the horizon. Holes or rifts often occur in a sheet of cirrocumulus. Abbreviated Cc.


lexentry: eng/cirrus__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cirrus
trans_list: cirrus | chmura pierzasta
sense:
(meteorology) A principal high-level cloud type, typically composed of thin, delicate, white filaments, wisps, or narrow bands.


lexentry: eng/cissoid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cissoid
trans_list: cisoida
sense:
(geometry) Any of a family of curves defined as the locus of a point, P, on a line from a given fixed point and intersecting two given curves, C1 and C2, where the distance along the line from C1 to P remains constant and equal to the distance from P to C2.


lexentry: eng/citation__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: citation
trans_list: cytat
sense:
The act of citing a passage from a text, or from another person, using the exact words of the original text or speech and giving credit to the original by referencing.


lexentry: eng/citation_needed__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citation needed
trans_list: potrzebne źródło
sense:
(originally, Internet slang, chiefly, humorous) Used to designate an assertion or other statement as false, inaccurate, or requiring verification.


lexentry: eng/citicoline__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citicoline
trans_list: cytykolina
sense:
A psychostimulant and nootropic, an intermediate in the generation of phosphatidylcholine from choline.


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: citizen
trans_list: obywatel | obywatelka
sense:
A legally recognized member of a state, with associated rights and obligations; a person considered in terms of this role. [from 14th c.]


lexentry: eng/citizen__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: citizen
trans_list: obywatel | mieszkaniec | cywil | mieszkanka
sense:
(Christianity) A resident of the heavenly city or (later) of the kingdom of God: a Christian; a good Christian. [from 15th c.]


lexentry: eng/citizen_journalism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citizen journalism
trans_list: dziennikarstwo obywatelskie
sense:
(media) A form of independent reporting, often carried out by amateurs who are on the scene of an event, and is then disseminated by new media.


lexentry: eng/citizen_of_the_world__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citizen of the world
trans_list: obywatel świata | obywatelka świata
sense:
A person regarded as part of the global citizenry; specifically, one who takes the view that they belong to no particular country or state.


lexentry: eng/citric_acid__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: citric acid
trans_list: kwas cytrynowy
sense:
(carboxylic acid) A colourless crystalline compound, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, C6H8O7, found in citrus fruit; it is used as a food additive and in the manufacture of citrates.


lexentry: eng/city__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: city
trans_list: miasto
sense:
A large settlement, bigger than a town; sometimes with a specific legal definition, depending on the place.


lexentry: eng/city__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: city
trans_list: miasto
sense:
(UK, historical, _, in, _, Ireland, and) A settlement granted special status by royal charter or letters patent; traditionally, a settlement with a cathedral regardless of size.


lexentry: eng/city_council__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: city council
trans_list: rada miejska
sense:
A governing body of people elected to oversee management of a city and represent the interests of residents.


lexentry: eng/city_wall__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: city wall
trans_list: mur miejski
sense:
(usually, in plural) A wall around a city, built to define the city's boundaries, and sometimes to protect it from aggressors.


lexentry: eng/civet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civet
trans_list: cyweta
sense:
Any of the small carnivorous catlike mammals encompassing certain species from the families Viverridae, Eupleridae, and Nandiniidae, native to tropical Africa and Asia.


lexentry: eng/civil__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil
trans_list: cywilny
sense:
(uncomparable) Having to do with people and government office as opposed to the military or religion.


lexentry: eng/civil_code__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil code
trans_list: kodeks cywilny
sense:
(legal) A systematic collection of laws addressing dealings between private parties, such as business contracts and negligence lawsuits.


lexentry: eng/civil_disobedience__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil disobedience
trans_list: obywatelskie nieposłuszeństwo
sense:
A form of social protest, involving the active but non-violent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of an established authority, because they are considered to be morally wrong or detrimental.


lexentry: eng/civil_engineering__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil engineering
trans_list: inżynieria lądowa | inżynieria wodno-lądowa
sense:
The technical design and construction of public works such as bridges, buildings, harbours, public greens, roads, etc., and/or technically equivalent private (usually corporate) ones.


lexentry: eng/civil_law__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: civil law
trans_list: prawo cywilne
sense:
(law) A legal system primarily based on a legal code, which commonly derives from the Corpus Juris Civilis.


lexentry: eng/civil_rights__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: civil rights
trans_list: prawa obywatelskie
sense:
(US) Those rights which are guaranteed protection by the US Constitution and are considered to be unquestionable, deserved by all people under all circumstances, especially without regard to race, creed, religion, sexual orientation, gender, and disability.


lexentry: eng/civil_society__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil society
trans_list: społeczeństwo obywatelskie
sense:
All of the institutions, voluntary organizations and corporate bodies that are less than the state but greater than the family. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/civil_union__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil union
trans_list: rejestrowany związek partnerski
sense:
A legal union similar to marriage, established to allow same-sex couples (and, in some jurisdictions, opposite-sex couples) rights similar to those married couples have.


lexentry: eng/civil_war__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civil war
trans_list: wojna domowa
sense:
A war fought between factions of the inhabitants of a single country, or a similar political entity.


lexentry: eng/civilian__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civilian
trans_list: cywil
sense:
A person following the pursuits of civil life, especially one who is not an active member of the armed forces.


lexentry: eng/civilian__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: civilian
trans_list: cywil
sense:
(informal) A person who does not belong to a particular group or engage in a particular activity, an outsider.


lexentry: eng/civilization__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civilization
trans_list: cywilizacja
sense:
An organized culture encompassing many communities, often on the scale of a nation or a people; a stage or system of social, political, or technical development.


lexentry: eng/civilization__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: civilization
trans_list: cywilizacja
sense:
(inherently emic, sometimes, capitalized) Collectively, those people and places of the world considered to have a high standard of behavior and / or a high level of development. Commonly subjectively used by people of one society to exclusively refer to their society, or their elite sub-group, or a few associated societies, implying all others, in time or geography or status, as something less than civilised, as savages or barbarians. (Compare refinement, elitism, civilised society, the Civilised World.


lexentry: eng/clad__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clad
trans_list: odziany
sense:
(of a person, preceded by a garment type) Wearing clothing or some other covering (for example, an armour) on the body; clothed, dressed.


lexentry: eng/cladding__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cladding
trans_list: przebranie
sense:
(construction) A weatherproof, insulating or decorative covering fixed to the outside of a building.


lexentry: eng/cladode__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cladode
trans_list: gałęziak
sense:
(botany) A flattened organ arising from the stem of a plant, often replacing the leaves in photosynthetic function, as leaves in such plants (such as asparagus or butcher's broom) are typically reduced to scales. [from 1870]


lexentry: eng/clairvoyance__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clairvoyance
trans_list: jasnowidzenie | jasnowidztwo
sense:
(parapsychology) The power to see or perceive things objects or events beyond the natural range of the senses, such as the past or the future.


lexentry: eng/clam__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clam
trans_list: małż
sense:
A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that are edible; for example soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), sea clams or hen clams (Spisula solidissima), and other species, possibly originally applied to clams of species Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian bivalve.


lexentry: eng/clamp__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clamp
trans_list: zacisk | imadło
sense:
A pile of materials to be heated in a controlled way, stacked or heaped together with fuel so that the fire permeates the pile; the material of interest may be bricks to be fired, ore for roasting, coal for coking, or wood to be charcoalized.


lexentry: eng/clan__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clan
trans_list: klan | ród
sense:
A traditional social group of families in the Scottish Highlands having a common hereditary chieftain.


lexentry: eng/clapboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clapboard
trans_list: gont
sense:
A narrow board, usually thicker at one edge than the other, used as siding for houses and similar structures of frame construction.


lexentry: eng/clapper__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clapper
trans_list: serce
sense:
An object so suspended inside a bell that it may hit the bell and cause it to ring; a clanger or tongue.


lexentry: eng/clapperboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clapperboard
trans_list: klaps
sense:
(film) A device used in film production, having hinged boards that are brought together with a clap, used at the start of each take of a motion picture or other video production to be able to synchronize picture and sound during editing.


lexentry: eng/clarification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarification
trans_list: klaryfikacja
sense:
The act of clarifying; the act or process of making clear or transparent by freeing visible impurities; particularly, the clearing or fining of liquid substances from impurities via the separation of the insoluble particles which prevent the liquid from being transparent.


lexentry: eng/clarify__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarify
trans_list: oczyszczać | oczyścić | wyjaśniać | wyjaśnić
sense:
(ergative, of liquids, such as wine or syrup) To make or become clear or bright by freeing from impurities or turbidity.


lexentry: eng/clarinet__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarinet
trans_list: klarnet
sense:
(woodwind instrument) A woodwind musical instrument that has a distinctive liquid tone whose characteristics vary among its three registers: chalumeau (low), clarion (medium), and altissimo (high).


lexentry: eng/clarion__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clarion
trans_list: sygnałówka | trąbka sygnałowa
sense:
(brass instrument, historical, or, poetic) A medieval brass instrument chiefly used as a battle signal; related to the trumpet, it had a narrow, straight pipe and a high-pitched, piercing sound.


lexentry: eng/clasp__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clasp
trans_list: klamra
sense:
(countable) A device with interlocking parts used for fastening things together, such as a fastener or a holder.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(sociology, countable) A social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc. In Britain, society is commonly split into three main classes: upper class, middle class and working class.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(education, countable, and, uncountable) A group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(countable) A group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year. A school class.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(taxonomy, countable) A rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank.


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 13
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(set theory) A collection of sets definable by a shared property, especially one which is not itself a set (in which case the class is called proper).


lexentry: eng/class__Noun__1
sense_num: 15
written_rep: class
trans_list: klasa
sense:
(object-oriented, countable) A set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set in terms of its common properties, functions, etc.


lexentry: eng/class_consciousness__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: class consciousness
trans_list: świadomość klasowa
sense:
(Marxism, social sciences) An individual's awareness of their relative place within the class system of society.


lexentry: eng/class_struggle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: class struggle
trans_list: walka klas
sense:
Conflict between social or economic classes (especially between the capitalist and proletariat classes); the active expression of a theoretical class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective.


lexentry: eng/classical_antiquity__Proper_noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical antiquity
trans_list: antyk
sense:
(history) The era of the height of Greco-Roman civilization in southern Europe, roughly comprising the 6th century BC to the 5th century (AD), although sometimes distinguished from Late Antiquity


lexentry: eng/classical_guitar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical guitar
trans_list: gitara klasyczna | klasyk
sense:
A type of flat-tabled guitar of Spanish origin used primarily for Western classical music, flamenco, and Latin American music, with six nylon (formerly gut) strings, usually played with the fingers rather than with a plectrum.


lexentry: eng/classical_language__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical language
trans_list: język klasyczny
sense:
(literature, linguistics) An ancient language that has an independent tradition that arose mostly on its own, and has a large and rich body of ancient literature.


lexentry: eng/classical_music__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classical music
trans_list: muzyka klasyczna | muzyka poważna
sense:
(music genre) Music of the classical period; the music of Mozart, Haydn, etc; the musical period before the romantic.


lexentry: eng/classicism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classicism
trans_list: klasycyzm
sense:
(uncountable) All the classical traditions of the art and architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, especially the aspects of simplicity, elegance and proportion.


lexentry: eng/classification__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classification
trans_list: klasyfikacja
sense:
The act of forming into a class or classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some common relations or attributes.


lexentry: eng/classified__Adjective__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: classified
trans_list: niejawny | zastrzeżony
sense:
Formally assigned by a government to one of several levels of sensitivity, usually (in English) top secret, secret, confidential, and, in some countries, restricted; thereby making disclosure to unauthorized persons illegal.


lexentry: eng/classified_advertisement__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classified advertisement
trans_list: anons
sense:
Any of a list of newspaper or website advertisements included with others under a heading describing the category of product or service offered or sought.


lexentry: eng/classism__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: classism
trans_list: klasizm
sense:
Discrimination or prejudice that is based on social class, especially against those of lower social class.


lexentry: eng/clathrate_compound__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clathrate compound
trans_list: klatrat
sense:
(chemistry) a substance consisting of molecules of one element or compound contained within the cage-like structure of another


lexentry: eng/clause__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clause
trans_list: zdanie składowe
sense:
(grammar) A group of words that contains a subject and a verb; it may be part of a sentence or may constitute the whole sentence, depending on the syntax in each instance.


lexentry: eng/claustrum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: claustrum
trans_list: przedmurze
sense:
(neuroanatomy) A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses


lexentry: eng/clavichord__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clavichord
trans_list: klawikord
sense:
(musical instruments) An early keyboard instrument producing a soft sound by means of metal blades (called tangents) attached to the inner ends of the keys gently striking the strings.


lexentry: eng/clavicle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clavicle
trans_list: obojczyk
sense:
(skeleton) The collarbone; the prominent bone at the top of the chest between the shoulder and the neck connecting the shoulder and the breastbone.


lexentry: eng/clavicytherium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clavicytherium
trans_list: claviciterium | klawicyterium
sense:
(musical instruments) A harpsichord in which the soundboard and strings are mounted vertically facing the player. [early 16th c.]


lexentry: eng/claw__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: claw
trans_list: szczypce | kleszcze
sense:
(botany) A slender appendage or process, formed like a claw, such as the base of petals of the pink.


lexentry: eng/clawed_frog__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clawed frog
trans_list: żaba szponiasta
sense:
Any of a group of aquatic carnivorous frogs in the genus Xenopus, which are very small and have small claws.


lexentry: eng/clay__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clay
trans_list: glina | ił
sense:
A mineral substance made up of small crystals of silica and alumina, that is ductile when moist; the material of pre-fired ceramics.


lexentry: eng/clay__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clay
trans_list: glina
sense:
(tennis) A tennis court surface made of crushed stone, brick, shale, or other unbound mineral aggregate.


lexentry: eng/clean-shaven__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clean-shaven
trans_list: ogolony
sense:
Having had hair (especially facial hair) shaved off, so that it is no longer visible; smooth-shaven.


lexentry: eng/clean_and_jerk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clean and jerk
trans_list: podrzut
sense:
(weightlifting) The act of lifting the barbell from the floor to a resting position across the front of the shoulders (the clean phase), pausing, and thrusting the barbell over the head to a stationary position in one movement (the jerk phase). The normal technique for both parts of this act involves propelling the barbell upwards, quickly lowering the torso, and then straightening the legs.


lexentry: eng/clean_someone's_clock__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clean someone's clock
trans_list: pokonać doszczętnie | pokonywać doszczętnie
sense:
(idiomatic, informal) To defeat someone decisively, in a physical fight or other competition or negotiation.


lexentry: eng/clean_sweep__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clean sweep
trans_list: zmiana totalna
sense:
(figuratively) A thorough change of policies, personnel or objects, removing or replacing all or almost all of that which existed previously.


lexentry: eng/cleaner__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: cleaner
trans_list: detergent | środek czyszczący
sense:
A substance used for cleaning; especially, one retailed for that purpose and meant for use on things other than one's own body.


lexentry: eng/cleanroom__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cleanroom
trans_list: pomieszczenie czyste
sense:
A room or environment that is controlled in such a way as to minimize airborne particulate matter, typically for the purpose of fabricating sensitive electronic or other devices.


lexentry: eng/clear_and_convincing_evidence__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clear and convincing evidence
trans_list: jasne i przekonujące dowody
sense:
(legal) A legal standard for deciding the outcome of a dispute: evidence that clearly indicates that a claim is more likely to be true than not, without needing to eliminate all doubt.


lexentry: eng/clear_one's_throat__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clear one's throat
trans_list: odchrząknąć | odchrząkiwać
sense:
To forcibly, sometimes mutedly, expell air from one's lungs, sometimes to clear mucus, sometimes to attract attention to something; less vigorously than to cough.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: clearance
trans_list: likwidacja | wyprzedaż
sense:
(retail) A sale of merchandise, especially at significantly reduced prices, usually in order to make room for new merchandise or updated versions of the same merchandise; sometimes as a closeout.


lexentry: eng/clearance__Noun__1
sense_num: 08
written_rep: clearance
trans_list: clearing | kliring
sense:
(banking, finance) The settlement of transactions involving securities or means of payment such as checks by means of a clearing house.


lexentry: eng/clearing__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clearing
trans_list: clearing | kliring
sense:
(banking, finance) A process of exchanging transaction information and authorisation through a central institution or system to complete and settle those transactions.


lexentry: eng/clearing_house__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clearing house
trans_list: izba rozrachunkowa
sense:
A central point where clearing banks and other financial firms exchange checks, settle accounts, etc.


lexentry: eng/clearness__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clearness
trans_list: jasność
sense:
The state of being free from obscurities or opacity; distinctness of light, colour etc. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cleavage__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cleavage
trans_list: dekolt
sense:
The hollow or separation between a woman's breasts, especially as revealed by a low neckline. [from 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/clef__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clef
trans_list: klucz
sense:
(music) A symbol found on a musical staff that indicates the pitches represented by the lines and the spaces on the staff [from Template:SAFESUBST: c.]


lexentry: eng/clematis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clematis
trans_list: powojnik
sense:
(botany) Any plant of the genus Clematis, vigorous climbing lianas found throughout the temperate zones.


lexentry: eng/clemency__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clemency
trans_list: łaska
sense:
(legal) A pardon, commutation, or similar reduction, removal, or postponement of legal penalties by an executive officer of a state.


lexentry: eng/clementine__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clementine
trans_list: klementynka
sense:
A type of small, sweet-tasting orange, the result of a hybrid cross between the willowleaf variety of mandarin orange (Citrus × aurantium f. deliciosa) and a sweet orange (Citrus sinensis). Scientific name: Citrus × clementina.


lexentry: eng/clerestory__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerestory
trans_list: clerestorium
sense:
(architecture) The upper part of a wall containing windows to let in natural light to a building, especially in the nave, transept and choir of a church or cathedral.


lexentry: eng/clerical_collar__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerical collar
trans_list: koloratka
sense:
A stiff white collar, having no opening at the front, fastened at the back, worn by members of the Christian clergy.


lexentry: eng/clerihew__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerihew
trans_list: clerihew
sense:
A humorous rhyme of four lines with the rhyming scheme AABB, usually regarding a person mentioned in the first line. [from 1920s]


lexentry: eng/clerk__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clerk
trans_list: urzędnik | urzędniczka
sense:
One who occupationally provides assistance by working with records, accounts, letters, etc.; an office worker.


lexentry: eng/clever_clogs__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clever clogs
trans_list: chytra sztuka
sense:
(slang, UK, and, Ireland) Somebody who is rather too clever; a smart aleck; sometimes used as an epithet.


lexentry: eng/clever_dick__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clever dick
trans_list: chytra sztuka
sense:
(informal, chiefly, British) A person who annoyingly tries too hard to impress with their cleverness.


lexentry: eng/clevis__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clevis
trans_list: kapa
sense:
A U-shaped coupling having holes at each end, through which a bolt is run; used especially to fit attachments to a tractor or other vehicle as it allows a degree of rotation about the bolt.


lexentry: eng/cliché__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cliché
trans_list: komunał | banał | frazes | sztampa
sense:
(rhetoric) Something, most often a phrase or expression, that is overused or used outside its original context, so that its original impact and meaning are lost. A trite saying; a platitude. [from 19th c.]


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: click
trans_list: pstryk | trzask
sense:
A brief, sharp, not particularly loud, relatively high-pitched sound produced by the impact of something small and hard against something hard, such as by the operation of a switch, a lock, or a latch.


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: click
trans_list: mlask
sense:
(phonetics) An ingressive sound made by coarticulating a velar or uvular closure with another closure.


lexentry: eng/click__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: click
trans_list: klik | kliknięcie
sense:
(GUI) The act of pressing a button on a computer mouse or similar input device, both as a physical act and a reaction in the software.


lexentry: eng/click__Verb__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: click
trans_list: klikać
sense:
(transitive, GUI) To select a software item using, usually, but not always, the pressing of a mouse button.


lexentry: eng/click_beetle__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: click beetle
trans_list: kowal
sense:
Any of various beetles of the family Elateridae, generally less than 20 mm long, which, if turned upside down, flip themselves into the air with a clicking sound.


lexentry: eng/client__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: client
trans_list: klient
sense:
(computing) The role of a computer application or system that requests and/or consumes the services provided by another having the role of server.


lexentry: eng/clientele__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clientele
trans_list: klientela
sense:
The body or class of people who frequent an establishment or purchase a service, especially when considered as forming a more-or-less homogeneous group of clients in terms of values or habits.


lexentry: eng/cliff_face__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cliff face
trans_list: ściana skalna
sense:
The very steep, vertical, or overhanging section of rock, earth, or ice slope usually free of any vegetation or loose material.


lexentry: eng/cliffhanger__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cliffhanger
trans_list: cliffhanger | zawieszenie akcji
sense:
(narratology) An ending or stopping point calculated to leave a story unresolved, in order to create suspense.


lexentry: eng/climacteric__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: climacteric
trans_list: klimakteryjny
sense:
(medicine) Relating to a period of physiological change during middle age; especially, menopausal. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/climacteric__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: climacteric
trans_list: klimakterium
sense:
(medicine) The period of life that leads up to and follows the end of menstruation in women; the menopause. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/climacterium__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climacterium
trans_list: klimakterium | klimaks
sense:
(medical) The bodily and mental changes linked to the reproductive and endocrine function in men and women occurring during the latter part of middle age.


lexentry: eng/climate__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate
trans_list: klimat
sense:
The long-term manifestations of weather and other atmospheric conditions in a given area or country, now usually represented by the statistical summary of its weather conditions during a period long enough to ensure that representative values are obtained (generally 30 years).


lexentry: eng/climate_change__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: climate change
trans_list: zmiany klimatu
sense:
Rapid, large-scale, and long-term change in the Earth's climatic system produced by global warming; anthropogenic climate change.


lexentry: eng/climate_refugee__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate refugee
trans_list: uchodźca klimatyczny
sense:
A person who is forced to flee their home due to anthropogenic climate change that made their region unliveable. [from 1980s]


lexentry: eng/climate_strike__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climate strike
trans_list: strajk klimatyczny
sense:
A protest in which people absent themselves from professional or educational activities in order to join demonstrations calling for action to counter climate change.


lexentry: eng/climax__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: climax
trans_list: klimaks
sense:
(ecology) The culmination of ecological development, whereby species are in equilibrium with their environment.


lexentry: eng/climb__Verb__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: climb
trans_list: wdrapać | wdrapywać
sense:
(transitive) To move (especially up and down something) by gripping with the hands and using the feet.


lexentry: eng/climber__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climber
trans_list: roślina pnąca
sense:
(botany) A plant such as a vine that climbs upwards as it grows by attaching itself to some support.


lexentry: eng/climbing__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: climbing
trans_list: wspinaczka
sense:
(uncountable) The sport of climbing, ascending a wall or a rock or another object using available holds, generally with the safety of a rope and belayer.


lexentry: eng/clinch__Noun__1
sense_num: 07
written_rep: clinch
trans_list: klamra
sense:
(wrestling, combat sports) The act of one or both fighters holding onto the other to prevent being hit or engage in standup grappling.


lexentry: eng/clingfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clingfish
trans_list: grotnikowaty
sense:
A small marine fish of the family Gobiesocidae which has a sucking disc on its underside that it uses to cling to rocks and seaweed.


lexentry: eng/clinic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinic
trans_list: klinika | przychodnia
sense:
A medical facility, such as a hospital, especially one for the treatment and diagnosis of outpatients.


lexentry: eng/clinical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical
trans_list: kliniczny
sense:
(medicine) Dealing with the practical management of patients, in practice#Noun at the point of care; as contrasted with other health care venues (see clinical medicine#Noun for more explanation).


lexentry: eng/clinical__Adjective__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clinical
trans_list: bezduszny | beznamiętny
sense:
Cool and emotionless, in a professional way, as contrasted with an impetuous#Adjective or unprofessional#Adjective way.


lexentry: eng/clinical_death__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical death
trans_list: śmierć kliniczna
sense:
(medicine, legal) A state in which usual medically observable vital signs—such as respiration, heartbeat, and corneal reflex—are not present, but from which patients are sometimes revived.


lexentry: eng/clinical_psychology__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical psychology
trans_list: psychologia kliniczna
sense:
(psychology) A branch of psychology with the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.


lexentry: eng/clinical_trial__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clinical trial
trans_list: eksperyment kliniczny
sense:
(medicine) A test of a medication or other medical treatment (such as a medical device), usually a comparison against a placebo, other medications or devices, or the standard medical treatment for a patient's condition.


lexentry: eng/clinician__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clinician
trans_list: klinicysta | klinicystka
sense:
(chiefly, US) Someone who conducts a clinic; an expert or skilled practitioner in a particular field, such as business or education. In this sense, a clinician is someone who provides practical advice or hands-on assistance to others in a specific area of expertise. For example, a business clinician might be an experienced consultant who helps companies improve their operations, while an education clinician might be a skilled teacher who provides professional development and support to other educators.


lexentry: eng/clink__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clink
trans_list: dzwonić
sense:
(ambitransitive) To make a clinking sound; to make a sound of metal on metal or glass on glass; to strike materials such as metal or glass against one another.


lexentry: eng/clinker__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clinker
trans_list: samogłoska
sense:
Slag or ash produced by intense heat in a furnace, kiln or boiler that forms a hard residue upon cooling. [from 18th c.]


lexentry: eng/clip__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clip
trans_list: łódka nabojowa
sense:
(military) A frame containing a number of rounds of ammunition which is intended to be inserted into an internal magazine of a firearm to allow for rapid reloading.


lexentry: eng/clip_art__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clip art
trans_list: clipart | klipart
sense:
(computing) A set of images, distributed as files with other software, that may be copied and pasted into documents or other files.


lexentry: eng/clipboard__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clipboard
trans_list: schowek
sense:
(computing) A buffer in memory where the user can store data temporarily while transferring it from one place within an application to another or between applications.


lexentry: eng/clipper__Noun__1
sense_num: 03
written_rep: clipper
trans_list: kliper
sense:
(nautical) Any of several forms of very fast sailing ships having a long, low hull and a sharply raked stem.


lexentry: eng/clipping__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: clipping
trans_list: apokopa
sense:
(countable, linguistics) A short form (of a longer word) created by removing syllables, often terminal ones.


lexentry: eng/clitellum__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitellum
trans_list: klitellum
sense:
(biology) A glandular swelling in the epidermis of some annelid worms; it secretes a viscous fluid in which the eggs are deposited.


lexentry: eng/clitic__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitic
trans_list: klityka
sense:
(linguistics) A morpheme that functions like a word, but never appears as an independent word, instead being always attached to a following or preceding word (or, in some cases, within a surrounding word).


lexentry: eng/clitoral_hood__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitoral hood
trans_list: napletek łechtaczki
sense:
A fold of skin that surrounds and protects the clitoris, homologous with the male foreskin; the female prepuce.


lexentry: eng/clitoris__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clitoris
trans_list: łechtaczka
sense:
(anatomy) A sensitive elongated erectile sex organ at the anterior part of the vulva in female humans and other mammals. [from 17th c.]


lexentry: eng/cloaca__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: cloaca
trans_list: kloaka
sense:
(anatomy, zoology) The opening in reptiles, amphibians and birds, as well as elasmobranchians, lobe-finned fishes, marsupials and monotreme mammals, which serves as the common outlet for the urogenital ducts and rectum.


lexentry: eng/cloche__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloche
trans_list: klosz
sense:
A glass covering, originally bell-shaped, for garden plants to prevent frost damage and promote early growth.


lexentry: eng/clock__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: clock
trans_list: zegar
sense:
(electronics) An electrical signal that synchronizes timing among digital circuits of semiconductor chips or modules.


lexentry: eng/clock_face__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clock face
trans_list: cyferblat | tarcza
sense:
The surface of a clock that contains the dial and hands (via the traditional design of clocks); such an arrangement on either a clock or a watch.


lexentry: eng/clock_is_ticking__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clock is ticking
trans_list: zegar tyka
sense:
(idiomatic, almost always preceded by the and often followed by for) Time is running out; a deadline is approaching.


lexentry: eng/clock_tower__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clock tower
trans_list: wieża zegarowa
sense:
(architecture) A tower, usually in a prominent position, having a large clock in a high position, often with several faces.


lexentry: eng/clockwork__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clockwork
trans_list: zegarowy mechanizm sprężynowy
sense:
A mechanism powered by a coiled spring and regulated by some form of escapement; the power is transmitted through toothed gearwheels and used to drive a mechanical clock, toy, or other device.


lexentry: eng/cloisonne__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloisonne
trans_list: cloisonné
sense:
(metalwork, uncountable) A decorative technique for metalwork, especially brass, whereby colored enamel is baked in partitions (cloisons) between raised ridges of the metal.


lexentry: eng/cloister__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloister
trans_list: krużganek
sense:
A covered walk with an open colonnade on one side, running along the walls of buildings that surround a quadrangle; especially:


lexentry: eng/clone__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clone
trans_list: klon
sense:
A living organism (originally a plant) produced asexually from a single ancestor, to which it is genetically identical.


lexentry: eng/close,_but_no_cigar__Phrase__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close, but no cigar
trans_list: prawie robi wielką różnicę
sense:
(idiomatic, originally, US, colloquial) Used to indicate that one is almost correct or has almost succeeded, but not quite. [from early 20th c.]


lexentry: eng/close_ranks__Verb__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: close ranks
trans_list: zewrzeć szeregi | zwierać szeregi
sense:
(figuratively) To regroup forces, especially when this involves overlooking differences in order to face a challenge or adverse situation. Often implies making a show of unity, especially to the public.


lexentry: eng/close_the_stable_door_after_the_horse_has_bolted__Verb__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: close the stable door after the horse has bolted
trans_list: mądry Polak po szkodzie
sense:
(idiomatic) To attempt to prevent a problem that has already occurred; to design and implement a preventive mechanism that is too late (after the first failure instead of before).


lexentry: eng/closet__Noun__1
sense_num: 05
written_rep: closet
trans_list: szafa
sense:
(figuratively) A secret or hiding place, (particularly) the hiding place in English idioms such as in the closet and skeleton in the closet.


lexentry: eng/closet__Noun__1
sense_num: 06
written_rep: closet
trans_list: szafa
sense:
(obsolete) Clipping of closet of ease, (later, UK) clipping of water closet: a room containing a toilet.


lexentry: eng/cloth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloth
trans_list: materiał | tkanina | sukno | płótno
sense:
(countable, uncountable) A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use.


lexentry: eng/clothes_dryer__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clothes dryer
trans_list: suszarka do ubrań
sense:
An electrical appliance used for drying clothes, usually by tumbling them in a heated rotating drum.


lexentry: eng/clothes_moth__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clothes moth
trans_list: mól
sense:
Any of several small, yellowish or buff-colored moths of the family Tineidae, feeding on textiles (wool, fur, feathers).


lexentry: eng/clothes_peg__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clothes peg
trans_list: klamerka | spinacz | żabka
sense:
(British, Australia, NZ, Canada) An object (usually made of wood or plastic) used to attach wet laundry to a clothesline so that it (the laundry) can dry.


lexentry: eng/clotted_cream__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clotted cream
trans_list: clotted cream
sense:
A thick, sweet dairy product, made by skimming the thickened layer off the top of unhomogenized cream that has been heated and allowed to stand. Fat content is at least 55%.


lexentry: eng/cloud__Noun__1
sense_num: 04
written_rep: cloud
trans_list: chmura
sense:
Anything which makes things foggy or gloomy. Example: The clouds were grey so James thought it was about to rain.


lexentry: eng/cloud__Noun__1
sense_num: 10
written_rep: cloud
trans_list: chmura
sense:
(cloud computing, with "the") The Internet, regarded as an abstract amorphous omnipresent space for processing and storage, the focus of cloud computing.


lexentry: eng/clouded_leopard__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clouded leopard
trans_list: pantera mglista
sense:
(especially) A mainland clouded leopard, a medium-sized, arboreal cat of species Neofelis nebulosa, found in Southeast Asia.


lexentry: eng/clove__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clove
trans_list: goździk
sense:
(uncountable, or, countable) A very pungent aromatic spice, the unexpanded flower bud of the clove tree.


lexentry: eng/clove__Noun__1
sense_num: 02
written_rep: clove
trans_list: drzewo goździkowe | goździkowiec korzenny
sense:
(countable) A clove tree, of the species Syzygium aromaticum (syn. Caryophyllus aromaticus), native to the Moluccas (Indonesian islands), which produces the spice.


lexentry: eng/clove_hitch__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clove hitch
trans_list: wyblinka
sense:
(nautical) a bend formed by two half hitches in the same direction, used to make a line fast to a spar or to a larger rope; it will not slip


lexentry: eng/clover__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clover
trans_list: koniczyna | dzięcielina
sense:
A plant of the genus Trifolium with leaves usually divided into three (rarely four) leaflets and with white or red flowers.


lexentry: eng/cloverleaf_interchange__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: cloverleaf interchange
trans_list: koniczynka
sense:
(US, Canada) A junction of two highways, one crossing over the other, having a series of exit and entrance ramps, arranged in the form of a four-leaf clover, such that traffic may proceed from either highway in all directions.


lexentry: eng/clown__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clown
trans_list: klaun | błazen
sense:
A slapstick performance artist often associated with a circus and usually characterized by bright, oversized clothing, a red nose, face paint, and a brightly colored wig.


lexentry: eng/clown_nose__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clown nose
trans_list: nos klauna
sense:
A fake nose, typically near spherical, bright red in color and sometimes capable of producing a honking sound when squeezed, commonly used by clowns and occasionally as a prop by people during parties.


lexentry: eng/clownfish__Noun__1
sense_num: 01
written_rep: clownfish
trans_list: błazenek
sense:
Any of the colorful fish of genera Amphiprion and Premnas in subfamily Amphiprioninae of family Pomacentridae, native to the Pacific and Indian Oceans, notable for their mutual relationship with sea anemones.


